Yake yaken Xhosa

Yaƙe-yaƙe na Xhosa (wanda kuma aka sani da Yaƙin Cape Frontier ko Kaffir Wars jerin yaƙe-yaƙe ne (daga 1779 zuwa 1879) tsakanin Masarautar Xhosa da Daular Biritaniya da kuma Trekboers daga daular mulkin mallaka na Holland a cikin abin da ke yanzu Gabashin Cape a Afirka ta Kudu. Wadannan abubuwan sun kasance tsayin daka na soji da aka yi a kan Turawan mulkin mallaka a Afirka.[a] 

Gaskiyar rikice-rikicen da ke tsakanin Turawa da Xhosa ya ƙunshi daidaituwar tashin hankali. A wasu lokuta, ana samun takun saka tsakanin Turawa daban-daban a yankin Cape, da rashin jituwa tsakanin gwamnatin daular da gwamnatocin mulkin mallaka, da tashe-tashen hankula a cikin masarautar Xhosa, misali. sarakunan da ke hamayya da juna, wanda yawanci ya sa Turawa suka yi amfani da damar da ake da su don shiga cikin siyasar Xhosa. Cikakken misali na wannan shine lamarin sarki Ngqika da kawunsa, sarki Ndlambe.

## Fage

Taswirar Cape Colony a cikin 1809, yana nuna haɓakar gabas
Turawan mulkin mallaka na farko a Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, ƙaramin tashar samar da kayayyaki ne da Kamfanin Dutch East India Company ya kafa a 1652 a Cape Town a yau a matsayin wurin da jiragen ruwansu na kasuwanci ke jigilar kayayyaki zuwa Gabashin Indiya da Japan. Gaggauta faɗaɗa sakamakon karuwar ƴan ƙaura na Dutch, Jamusawa, da Huguenot, tashar samar da kayayyaki ba da daɗewa ba ta faɗaɗa zuwa ƙauyuka masu tasowa. Fadada mulkin mallaka daga Cape zuwa kwaruruka ya haifar da yakin Khoikhoi – Yaren Holland tsakanin masu tada kayar baya da Khoekhoe.

A rabin na biyu na ƙarni na 18, ’yan mulkin mallaka na Turai sannu a hankali sun faɗaɗa gabas zuwa gaɓar teku kuma suka ci karo da Xhosa a yankin Babban Kogin Kifi. An riga an kafa Xhosa a yankin tare da kiwon shanu, wanda ya haifar da rikici tsakanin su da 'yan mulkin mallaka; wadannan tashe-tashen hankula sune dalilin farko na yakin Cape Frontier. Kamfanin Dutch Gabashin Indiya ya keɓance Babban Kogin Kifi a matsayin iyakar gabas na mulkin mallaka a cikin 1779, kodayake yawancin mazauna sun yi watsi da wannan, wanda ya haifar da Yaƙin Cape Frontier na Farko. 

Rikice-rikicen da ke tsakanin Xhosa da Birtaniyya an rufe su sosai a cikin jaridun Birtaniyya na birni, wanda ya haifar da karuwar bukatar jama'ar Burtaniya don samun bayanai game da rikice-rikicen mulkin mallaka na kasarsu.

## Rikicin farko
Yakin Farko (1779-1781)
Yakin Farko na Farko ya barke a cikin 1779 tsakanin Boer frontiersmen da amaXhosa. A cikin Disamba 1779, an yi artabu da makamai, sakamakon zargin satar shanu da mutanen Xhosa suka yi. A cikin watan Nuwamba 1780, gwamnan Cape, Baron van Plettenberg ya bayyana cewa iyakar gabashin yankin Cape ya kasance tsawon tsawon babban kogin Kifi duk da yawancin amaXhosa da aka riga aka kafa a yammacin kogin, kuma ba a yi shawarwarin da suka shafi wannan shawarar ba a baya. Van Plettenberg ya nada Adreaan Van Jaarsveld ya jagoranci kwamandojin don tilastawa Xhosa matsawa gabas da kogin, idan ba su amsa buƙatun yin hakan ba. Wannan ya haifar da hare-hare da yawa daga kwamandojin don kawar da siyasar Xhosa da karfi daga yankin. Lokacin da imiDange ya ƙi motsawa, Van Jaarsveld da kwamandojinsa sun sa shugabansu, Jalamba, ya amince da wani taro don tattaunawa. A yayin taron ya watsar da taba da yawa kuma ya bar Xhosa ya samu. Yayin da wasu suka shagaltu da karbar taba, Van Jaarsveld da ‘yan bindigarsa sun ci gaba da harbe su wanda ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane 100 zuwa 200 ciki har da Jalamba.

## Manazarta