Joseph Davies (ɗan siyasa na Burtaniya)

**Sir Joseph Davies** KBE (11 Disamba 1866 - 3 Disamba 1954) ɗan kasuwa ne na Welsh, masanin lissafin kasuwanci  kuma ɗan siyasa na Jam'iyyar Liberal . Ya kasance daya daga cikin ƙwararrun maza da mata waɗanda suka yi aiki tare da David Lloyd George a lokacin da yake firaministan a matsayin babban memba na sakatariyar Lloyd George ta lokacin yaƙi, wanda aka sani da Garden Suburb .

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haife shi a Newport, Monmouthshire, Davies shi ne ƙarami daga cikin 'ya'ya maza uku na Thomas Seth Davies, masanin jirgin ruwa, da matarsa Julia. Mahaifinsa ya fito ne daga St Issells, kusa da Saundersfoot a Pembrokeshire,  mahaifiyarsa daga Devonport, Plymouth . A shekara ta 1871, iyalin suna zaune a Fremantle Square, Cotham, kuma Davies da ɗan'uwansa William suna makaranta. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Bristol Grammar School . 

A watan Yunin 1885, lokacin da Davies ke da shekaru goma sha takwas, mahaifinsa ya mutu a teku.

## Ayyuka
Davies ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda a Cardiff Docks . Yana da ƙwarewa ga ƙididdiga da ƙungiya, kuma tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da C. P. Hailey ya gina babban kasuwanci, gami da kafa amintattun saka hannun jari. Ya kuma zama Sakataren Kasuwancin Coal da Shipping a Cardiff .  A cikin shekaru da yawa, Davies ya sami nasarar gina sha'awar kasuwancinsa wanda ya danganci masana'antun gargajiya na Kudancin Wales, kwal da jiragen kasa. Ya kasance wani lokaci Darakta na Cambrian Railways kuma Shugaban Kamfanin Totton da Fawley Light Railway Company. Daga baya ya zama Shugaban Kamfanin Man Fetur na Agwi,  wanda daga baya ya shiga cikin Esso. Ya bambanta cikin dukiya kuma ya kasance Darakta na Anglo-Scottish Amalgamated Trust,  Shugaban Status Investment Trust Ltd  kuma darektan wasu kamfanoni.   Davies ya kuma gudanar da aikin sadaka, kuma Lloyd George ya burge shi da nasarar da ya samu a matsayin shugaban kwamitin da aka kafa don rarraba kuɗin da Welshmen suka aiko a Amurka don taimakawa wahala a Wales. Lloyd George ya gayyaci Davies ya shiga sakatarensa a Downing Street, wanda aka fi sani da Garden Suburb . Kungiyar da ke kusa da Firayim Minista a wannan lokacin sun hada da Frances Stevenson, Waldorf Astor, Philip Kerr, Cecil Harmsworth, da Edward Grigg. Davies ya yi aiki a matsayin Sakataren Sakatariyar Firayim Minista daga 1917 zuwa 1920.

A shekarar 1913, an ɗauki Davies a matsayin ɗan takarar Liberal na Crewe .  Duk da haka, a watan Disamba na 1916 an yi zaɓen maye gurbin a kujerar Liberal a Derby lokacin da Sir Thomas Roe ya yi murabus da tsammanin a tura shi zuwa House of Lords . 'Yan Liberal na Derby sun fifita Davies a matsayin ɗan takararsu, amma hedikwatar Jam'iyyar Liberal da ke Landan har yanzu tana ƙarƙashin ikon HH Asquith, duk da cewa ya daina zama firayim minista, kuma sun fitar da doka cewa, saboda kusancinsa da Lloyd George, ba za a zaɓi Davies a kowane hali ba. Sakataren Asquith ya je Derby don aiwatar da wannan umarni. Duk da cewa yawancin wakilan Liberal na Derby suna son Davies, sun zaɓi ɗan Liberal na Asquithian, William Job Collins, maimakon haka.  Lokacin da aka kira babban zaɓen 1918, an ɗauki Davies a matsayin ɗan Crewe. Ya sami takardar izinin haɗin gwiwa kuma memba na Unionist mai ci, Ernest Craig, ya tsaya a gefe. Abokin hamayyarsa na Labour shine JT Brownlie, Shugaban Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyi ta Amalgamated . Duk da cewa Davies ya lashe zaben da rinjayen kuri'u 2,953, mafi girma da aka samu a mazabar tun lokacin da aka kafa ta a 1885, kuri'un Labour sun karu sosai zuwa 10,439, daga 2,485 da aka samu a zaben da ya gabata, zaben maye gurbi a 1912.  Lokacin da Davies ya kare Crewe a babban zaben 1922, a matsayin Lloyd George National Liberal, bai sake fuskantar wani abokin hamayya na Conservative ba. An ruwaito cewa 'Yan Liberal na Kasa a Cheshire sun cimma yarjejeniya da 'Yan Tory cewa idan suka ƙi tsayawa takara da Davies a Crewe, babu wata adawa ta National Liberal ga 'yan takarar Conservative a sassan Eddisbury, Chester, da Northwich, kuma 'Yan Liberal na Kasa za su bukaci magoya bayansu su goyi bayan 'yan takarar Conservative a wadannan kujerun.  'Yan Liberal na Lloyd George sun tsaya tsayin daka kan yarjejeniyar, domin babu wani dan takarar National Liberal a kowace kujera ta Cheshire a babban zaben 1922 sai dai Davies a Crewe. Akwai 'yan Liberal masu zaman kansu da dama, ciki har da ɗaya a Chester, amma wannan bai hana 'yan Tory yin nasara a kan kowace kujera ta Cheshire da suka fafata a zaɓen ba.  Duk da haka, yarjejeniyar ba ta isa ta ceci Davies ba, domin a wannan karon Edward Hemmerde na Labour, tsohon Liberal, ya sha kaye. Wani masanin tarihi ya yi tsokaci cewa siyasa a Crewe ta canza ta hanyar abubuwa da dama, ciki har da mutuwar masu ra'ayin Liberal kafin yaƙi, raguwar rashin bin ƙa'ida, raguwar mahimmancin tashin , da kuma ƙaruwar ƙungiyoyin kwadago .  Fitilar ci gaba a Crewe ta koma daga Liberal zuwa Labour.
## manazarta