Kwallon Erskine

**Erskine Boyce Bowles** (an haife shi a watan Agusta 8, 1945) ɗan kasuwan Amurka ne kuma ɗan siyasa daga Arewacin Carolina . Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ma'aikatan fadar White House na 19 daga Janairu 1997 zuwa Oktoba 1998, a karkashin Shugaba Bill Clinton, kuma a matsayin shugaban tsarin Jami'ar North Carolina daga 2005 zuwa 2010.  Har ila yau, bai yi nasara ba a Majalisar Dattawan Amurka a 2002 da 2004 don wakiltar North Carolina.

A cikin 2010, Bowles ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar Democrat na Kwamitin Kasa na Shugaba Barack Obama kan Alhaki da Gyarawa tare da Alan Simpson .  Bowles da Simpson sun kafa ƙungiyar bayar da shawarwari, Gangamin Gyara Bashi. 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Bowles an haife shi kuma ya girma a Greensboro, North Carolina, kuma ɗan Jessamine Woodward Boyce Bowles da Skipper Bowles, ɗan siyasan Demokraɗiyya wanda ya yi takarar Gwamna na North Carolina bai yi nasara ba a 1972. Siblings sun hada da Hargrove Bowles III, Mary Holland Bowles Blanton da marigayi Martha Thomas Bowles. Bowles ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Episcopal na Virginia kafin ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar Zeta Psi kuma ya kammala karatun digiri tare da digiri na kasuwanci. Bayan ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a Amurka Coast Guard, Bowles ya shiga Makarantar Kasuwancin Columbia, inda ya sami MBA .

Bayan kammala karatunsa, Bowles ya yi aiki da kamfanin kuɗi Morgan Stanley a birnin New York, inda ya sadu da matarsa ta gaba, Crandall Close. Su biyun sun yi aure a cikin 1971 kuma suka koma North Carolina, inda Bowles ya yi aiki a yakin neman zaben mahaifinsa na 1972. Crandall da Erskine suna da yara uku. A cikin 1975, Bowles ya taimaka wajen ƙaddamar da bankin zuba jari na Bowles Hollowell Conner, kuma ya kasance a cikin kamfanoni har zuwa 1990s.

## Gwamnatin Clinton
A cikin 1992, Bowles ya ƙara shiga cikin siyasa a matsayin mai ba da kuɗi don yakin neman zaben Bill Clinton na 1992. Shugaba Clinton ya nada Bowles ya jagoranci Gudanar da Kasuwancin Kasuwanci a 1993. Daga Oktoba 1994 zuwa Disamba 1995, Bowles ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Ma'aikatan Fadar White House na Clinton, a wa'adin farko na Gwamnatin Clinton . Bayan ya dawo a taƙaice zuwa Charlotte, North Carolina, inda ya taimaka ya sami kamfani mai zaman kansa, Carousel Capital, an nada Bowles a matsayin Shugaban Ma'aikata na Clinton a cikin Disamba 1996. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan alhakin Bowles shine mu'amala da shawarwarin kasafin kuɗin tarayya tsakanin Fadar White House da Majalisa. Bowles ya koma Charlotte, North Carolina kuma zuwa fagen kudi kuma a cikin Oktoba 1998. Gwamnan North Carolina Jim Hunt kuma ya bukace shi da ya jagoranci wata tawaga ta inganta tattalin arzikin karkara.

## tseren Sanata
Ko da yake da farko bai so neman mukamin siyasa ba, Bowles ya sake yin la'akari da tsayawa takarar majalisar dattijan Amurka bayan harin 11 ga Satumba kuma, a watan Oktoban 2001, ya ayyana takararsa a majalisar dattawa a matsayin dan takarar Democrat . Da yake neman cike kujerar da Jesse Helms ya bari, Bowles ya amince da takarar jam'iyyar, amma ya sha kaye a babban zaben shekara ta 2002 ta 'yar takarar Republican Elizabeth Dole .

A cikin 2004, Bowles ya sake yin yakin neman zaben Majalisar Dattawa, yana neman ya cika kujerar da dan Democrat John Edwards ya bari. Ya fafata da dan Republican Richard Burr da dan Libertarian Tom Bailey a wata fafatawar da ta yi zafi. Watan karshe na yakin neman zabe na Majalisar Dattijai ya ga yakin Bowles da Burr sun juya da karfi sosai, tare da yakin Burr ya kai hari ga ƙungiyoyin Bowles tare da gwamnatin Clinton, yayin da yakin Bowles ya kai hari kan Burr a kan goyon bayansa na dokar kasuwanci da kuma gudunmawar sha'awa ta musamman. Duka kamfen ɗin biyu sun kashe kuɗi mai yawa, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama ɗayan mafi tsadar tsere a duk faɗin jihar a tarihin Arewacin Carolina.

Duk da cewa tun farko da aka fara gudanar da zaben bayan zaben fidda gwani, da kuma dan jam'iyyar Democrat Mike Easley da ke neman wa'adi na biyu a matsayin gwamna a saman tikitin jam'iyyar jihar, Bowles ya sha kaye a zaben 2004 shi ma. A shekara ta 2005 Bowles ya amince da nadi a matsayin mataimakin manzon musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan kasashen da Tsunami ta shafa, ya sake yin aiki da Bill Clinton wanda a yanzu yake aiki a matsayin manzon musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.

## Jami'ar North Carolina
A ranar 3 ga Oktoba, 2005, Hukumar Gwamnonin Jami'ar North Carolina ta zabi Bowles don ya gaji Molly Corbett Broad a matsayin shugaban tsarin, duk da cewa wasu sun nuna cewa Hukumar Gwamnonin ta karya doka wajen rashin gudanar da taron jama'a a cikin majalisar. tsarin daukar ma'aikata.  Daya daga cikin muhimman nade-naden da ya yi shi ne na Holden Thorp a matsayin shugabar jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, wanda ya yi murabus a ranar 17 ga Satumba, 2012, sakamakon wasu badakalolin da suka shafi wasannin motsa jiki.  Bowles ya kuma yi magana a taron tunawa da harabar tunawa da shugabar kungiyar dalibai Eve Carson da aka kashe.

A ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, 2010, Bowles ya sanar da yin ritaya daga Tsarin UNC.   Thomas W. Ross ya maye gurbin Bowles. 

## Hukumar Bowles-Simpson
An nada Bowles a shekara ta 2010 don ya zama shugaban kwamitin shugaban kasa Barack Obama kan alhaki da sake fasalin kasa tare da Alan K. Simpson .  Hukumar ta ki ci ta ki cinyewa, kuma rahoton shugabannin kan manufofin rage gibin kasafin kudin bai samu karbuwa daga gwamnatin Obama ba.  Da yake mamakin kin amincewar, Bowles daga baya ya ce ya yi imanin cewa Obama ya yanke shawarar yin watsi da rahoton ya bar [shugaban kasafin kudi na majalisar wakilai] Paul Ryan ya fara tafiya, sannan zai yi kama da mutum mai hankali a wasan, bisa shawarar mashawarcinsa kan harkokin siyasa. da kuma rashin amincewar tawagar tattalin arzikinsa. 

## Daga baya aiki
Bowles ya kasance memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na General Motors, Morgan Stanley, Norfolk Southern Corporation,  da North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company kuma yana aiki a North Carolina Advisory Board of DonorsChoose .

A ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2011, Facebook, Inc. ya sanar da cewa ya nada Bowles ga hukumarsa. 

Bayan da gwamnan North Carolina Bev Perdue ya sanar da cewa ba za ta sake tsayawa takara karo na biyu a shekara ta 2012 ba, an ambaci Bowles a matsayin dan takara mai yiwuwa, kuma zaben ya sanya shi kusan ko da dan takarar Republican Pat McCrory . Amma a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu, 2012, Bowles ya ba da sanarwar cewa ba zai nemi kujerar gwamna ba. 

## Tarihin zabe

* 2004 Zaɓen Majalisar Dattijan Amurka a Arewacin Carolina
** Richard Burr (R), 52%
** Erskine Bowles (D), 47%
* 2002 Zaɓen Majalisar Dattijan Amurka a North Carolina
** Elizabeth Dole (R), 54%
** Erskine Bowles (D), 45%

## Membobin hukumar
Bowles kuma memba ne na kwamitin gudanarwa na: 

* Shugaba Emeritus na Jami'ar North Carolina
* Daraktan, Morgan Stanley
* Tsohon Darakta, Norfolk Southern Corporation, 
* Darakta, Kamfanin Inshorar Mutual Life Mutual ta North Carolina
* Darakta, Hukumar Ba da Shawarwari ta Arewacin Carolina Zaɓi .
* Daraktan, Facebook, Inc., wanda ya sanar da Satumba 7, 2011, cewa ya nada Bowles a cikin hukumarsa. 
* Darakta, Cousins Properties, Inc.
* Gudanarwa, Belk, Inc.
* Tsohon Darakta, Janar Motors
* Darakta, Kwamitin Kasafin Kudi na Tarayya Mai Alhaki

## Manazarta

* UClinton, Bill (2005). *Rayuwata* . Vintage. ISBN&nbsp; .

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
* Gyara Bashi
* Appearances  
* Erskine Bowles  
* Bayar da matsayi a OnTheIssues.org
*   
* Gyara yakin Bashi wanda Simpson da Bowles suka kafa