Isabel Ursula Teshea

**Isabel Ursula Teshea**, **TC** (24 Yuli 1911 - 14 Afrilu 1981) ma'aikaciyar zamantakewar Afro-Trinidadiya ce, mai fafutukar kare hakkin ɗan adam, kuma 'yar siyasa. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa jam’iyyar People’s National Movement, ta kasance mataimakiyar shugabar jam’iyyar kuma ita ce mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan muƙami. Lokacin da Trinidad da Tobago suka sami 'yancin kai daga Burtaniya, ta tsaya takara a matsayin 'yar takara, ta zama mace ta farko da aka zaɓa a sabuwar majalisar wakilai. Ta zama mace ta farko  minista sannan kuma jakadiyar ƙasar. Bayan ta mutu, an ba ta kyautar Triniti Cross, babbar girmamawa ta ƙasar.

## Rayuwar farko
Isabel Ursula Cadogan an haife ta a ranar 24 ga watan Yuli 1911 a San Fernando, a tsibirin Trinidad, a cikin mulkin mallaka na British West Indies na Trinidad da Tobago, ga Maude da Thomas Cadogan. Mahaifinta tela ne kuma ba da daɗewa ba bayan haihuwarta, dangin sun ƙaura zuwa garin Princes, inda Cadogan ta girma kuma ta halarci Makarantar Firamare ta Gwamnati. Da yake da karancin damar zuwa karatun sakandare, wanda aka saba gani a ƙasar a wancan lokacin, Cadogan ta ci gaba da karatunta a ƙarƙashin tsarin ɗalibai da malamai. Yayin da take aiki a matsayin malamar ɗalibi, ta fara shirya ƙungiyoyin ɗalibai na shirya kiɗe-kiɗe, raye-raye da abubuwan magana. Ta kafa kungiyar samari a garin Princes kuma ta yi aiki a kan ayyukan agaji da yawa don taimakawa marasa galihu a cikin Ikklesiya ta gida, ta Cocin St. Stephen's Anglican. 

## Sana'a

Bayan kammala karatun ta, Cadogan ta fara aiki a gidan kiwo na Petit Morne Sugar Estate a Sainte Madeleine, tana aiki har zuwa magatakarda a ofishin sukari na shuka. Bayan wasu shekaru, ta ƙaura zuwa Port of Spain kuma ta fara aiki a Perreira's and Company, a matsayin ma'aikaciyar kula da kaya. Ta shiga darussa a Jami'ar Puerto Rico  sannan a ranar 24 ga watan Satumba 1938, ta auri George McGregor Teshea.  Teshea ta shiga kungiyar Ilimin Malamai da Al'adu (TECA), Kungiyar Ilimin Jama'a (PEM) da Tarayyar Cibiyoyin Mata (FWI), ta zama mai fafutukar siyasa. Waɗannan ƙungiyoyin mata sun mai da hankali kan ilimi da samar da ayyukan zamantakewa a duk tsibirin. A cikin shekarar 1955, a lokacin turawa a ƙaddamar da mulkin mallaka, an sake tsara PEM a matsayin hannun mata na Ƙungiyar Jama'ar Jama'a. Tafiya gida-gida Teshea da sauran mata sun yi kamfen tare da shirya tattara kuɗaɗe ga ’yan takara. Har ila yau, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai bincike, ta karanta kwafin jawabai na 'yan majalisar dokokin Birtaniya, wanda aka sani da *Hansard*, don taimakawa wajen rubuta jawabai. 

Teshea ta haɓaka hanyar sadarwa tare da majalisun ƙauye daban-daban kuma ya zama kadara mai mahimmanci ga Eric Williams a cikin kafa ƙungiyar Jama'a ta ƙasa (PNM).  An naɗa Teshea a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mataimakan kujerun jam'iyyar a 1956  kuma a lokaci guda ta zama shugabar ƙungiyar mata ta PNM, da kuma FWI.  Auren ta ya rushe a cikin shekarar 1959,  kuma Teshea ta ba da lokaci mai yawa ga siyasa, yana zuwa ga shaharar ƙasa.  Lokacin da Trinidad da Tobago suka sami 'yancin kai kuma aka gudanar da zaɓuka a shekarar 1961, Teshea, ta yi takaicin cewa aikin mata ya iyakance ga tallafawa 'yan takara maza,  ya nemi kujera a gundumar Gabas ta Tsakiyar Spain, inda ya lashe da fiye da kuri'u 7,000.  Zaɓenta ga sabuwar Majalisar Wakilai da aka kafa, ya sa ta zama mace ta farko da ta yi aiki a wannan matsayi a Trinidad. An naɗa ta a matsayin sakatariyar majalisa, ta yi aiki a ma’aikatar kananan hukumomi da ci gaban al’umma. Sashen ya kula da alhakin tabbatar da lafiya, ruwa, da buƙatun tsaftar tsibirin. 

A cikin shekarar 1963, Williams, wanda ya kasance Firayim Minista, ya sake tsara majalisar ministocinsa, inda ya mai da Teshea ministar lafiya da gidaje, mace ta farko da ta zama minista a ƙasar.  A lokacin aikinta ta sanya wasu tsare-tsare don inganta damar ilimi; ba da horon al'adu, tattalin arziki da ɗabi'a na gida; da haɓaka jituwar launin fata tsakanin al'ummomin Afro da Indo-Trinidadiya da Tobagonian.  Ta zagaya manyan ƙasashen Afirka tare da Firaminista Williams a shekarar 1964, kuma ta yi fice a cikin wata mujalla ta mata a ƙasar Senegal a yayin ziyarar.  Shekaru biyu bayan haka, lokacin da aka raba Ma'aikatarta zuwa Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Ma'aikatar Gidaje, an ba Teshea alhakin duka fayil ɗin, wanda ta yi aiki har zuwa 1970.  Ta raba nauyi a cikin Ma'aikatar Lafiya tare da Dokta Leonard Comissiong, babban jami'in kula da lafiya na tsibirin. 

An naɗa Teshea a matsayin jakadiya a Habasha a shekarar 1969,  mace ta farko jakadiya daga Trinidad.   Zambiya ta kasance jakadanta kuma ta yi aiki har zuwa 1971, lokacin da ta koma Trinidad kuma aka naɗa ta a matsayin ministar ilimi da al'adu, ta yi aiki a wannan ofishin har zuwa shekara ta 1975. A cikin shekarar 1974, an naɗa ta a matsayin babbar kwamishina ta Guyana kuma ta ci gaba da riƙe wannan muƙamin, kodayake ta zama jakadiyar Trinidad da Tobago a Senegal a shekarar 1975.  Yayin da take hidima a Guyana, ta shiga cikin tattaunawar yanki wanda ya kai ga kafa Caricom.  Ta yi aiki a cikin shekarar 1976 a Senegal da kuma ta 1977 a Guayana kafin ta yi ritaya daga rayuwar jama'a. 

## Mutuwa da Martaba

Teshea ta mutu a ranar 14 ga Afrilu 1981 kuma an ba ta lambar yabo ta Trinidad mafi girma bayan mutuwarta watanni hudu bayan mutuwarta, Triniti Cross .  Teshea ba ta dauki kanta a matsayin mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata ba, ko da yake ta kan yi kokarin inganta matsayin mata. Ta bayyana kanta a matsayin "ba 'yar mata ba ce, amma mai imani da…' 'yancin ɗan adam'". 

## Manazarta