Örebro

**Örebro** (/ˌɜːrəˈbruː/ UR-ə-BROO;  [] i) ita ce Birni na bakwai mafi girma a Sweden, wurin zama na Garin Örebro, kuma babban birnin Örebro County. Tana kusa da Närke Plain, kusa da tafkin Hjälmaren, 'yan kilomita a cikin ƙasa tare da karamin kogin Svartån, kuma tana da yawan jama'a kusan 126,000 a cikin birni. Yana daya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin cikin gida na kasar, kuma babban wurin aiki da kasuwanci.

Örebro gida ne ga Jami'ar Örebro, Babban asibitin jami'a, Gidan sarauta na zamani, wurin shakatawa na ruwa Gustavsvik da kuma manyan kantin sayar da kayayyaki da yawa da kuma Oset da Rynningeviken Nature Reserve kusa da tafkin Hjälmaren.

Örebro birni ne na kasuwanci da kayan aiki tare da wuri mai mahimmanci 200 km daga Stockholm, 330 km daga Oslo da 280 km daga Gothenburg .  Filin jirgin saman Örebro yana aiki da birnin kilomita 10 (6 mi) kudu maso yammacin birnin, da kuma tashar Örebro ta tsakiya, wanda Mälaren Line da Western Main Line ke aiki.

## Magana
Sunan ***** yana nufin gada (bro) da ke tsallaka kogin Svartån inda birnin yake. An samo prefix ** daga ör 'dutse (banki) '. 

== Tarihi ==

Örebro ta sami Yarjejeniyar Sarauta da kuma gata na birni ba da daɗewa ba daga 1404.

Wurin ya zama wurin zama na kasuwanci na halitta a cikin Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Scandinavia kuma an ambaci shi a cikin bugawa a cikin karni na 13.  Tsofaffin gine-gine daga farkon zamanin sun haɗa da harsashin ginin cocin birni, ginin da aka yi gyare-gyare da yawa.  Cibiyar dabi'ar birni ita ce Örebro Castle, tana kan tsibiri a cikin Svartån, kuma tana raba garin zuwa yanki arewa da kudu.  An gina wannan katafaren gidan ne a lokacin kula da Birger Jarl a karshen karni na 13 sannan aka gyara kuma aka fadada shi a zamanin Sarki Gustav Vasa a cikin 1560s.  An gudanar da taron majalisar Örebro a nan a shekara ta 1529.

Abubuwan da suka faru a tarihin Örebro sun haɗa da taron majalisar dokoki na kasa a Örebro a cikin 1810, inda aka zabi Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte a matsayin yarima na Sweden.

Kodayake gari ne na kasuwanci, Örebro ya kasance ƙarami har zuwa rabi na biyu na karni na 19, lokacin da ya girma cikin sauri a matsayin cibiyar masana'antar kera takalma ta ƙasa.

=== 2025 Harbi a makarantar Risbergska ===
 
A ranar 4 ga Fabrairu 2025, wani harbi a makaranta ya faru a Campus Risbergska, Cibiyar Ilimi ta manya a Örebro. An kashe mutane goma sha ɗaya, ciki har da mai aikata laifin,   da wasu shida da suka ji rauni. Rickard Andersson mai shekaru 35 an gano shi ne mai harbi, amma har yanzu Hukumar 'yan sanda ta Sweden da Hukumar Tsaro ta Sweden suna binciken dalilin da ya sa ya kai harin. An kwantar da mutane shida a asibiti, tare da hukumomi sun yi gargadi cewa akwai yiwuwar samun karin wadanda suka mutu. A cewar Firayim Ministan Sweden Ulf Kristersson, shi ne harbi mafi muni a tarihin kasar.

== Yawan jama'a ==

=== Ci gaban jama'a Örebro County ===
 

=== Ci gaban jama'a Garin Örebro ===
 

== Wuraren sha'awa ==
Tsohon garin Örebro, Wadköping, yana kan bankunan Svartån. Ya ƙunshi gidaje da yawa na katako na ƙarni na 18 da 19, tare da gidajen tarihi da nune-nunen.<gallery>
Fayil:Svampen_from_Bergkällebacken,_Örebro.jpg|The watertower Svampen (The Mushroom). A restaurant is located at the top of the building.
Fayil:Engelbrekt_Engelbrektsson_Large.jpg|Rebel leader Engelbrekt in front of Örebro City Hall
Fayil:Lindhska_bokhandeln.jpg|Lindhska Bookstore in central Örebro
Fayil:Centralpalatset.JPG|Centralpalatset, at the corner of Storgatan, one of Örebro's main streets
</gallery>

== Ilimi ==
Jami'ar Örebro tana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan kwanan nan na Sweden, ana haɓakawa daga högskola (kwalejin jami'a) a 1999. A halin yanzu tana da ɗalibai kusan 16,000 da ma'aikatan 1,100.  A cikin 2025 Cibiyar ta kasance cikin manyan jami'o'in 501-600 a duniya a cikin Matsayin Jami'ar Babban Ilimi ta Duniya.[1]  Jami'ar kuma tana cikin manyan jami'o'in matasa 100 na duniya (lamba 62) a cikin 2018 THE Young University Rankings.

== Al'adu ==

* Kungiyar Kayan Kayan Kungiyar Kungiyar Kudan Kudan Kayan Kudan
* Örebro ita ce garinsu na ƙungiyar punk-rock Millencolin . Sun kira daya daga cikin kundin su [./&#x3C;i&#x20;id= Pennybridge_Pioneers" id="mw8A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Pennybridge Pioneers">Pennybridge Pioneers], inda Pennybridge ke tsaye don Örebro a matsayin fassarar magana zuwa Turanci.
* Örebro birni ne na ƙungiyoyin dutsen Sweden daban-daban, Kabari su Smash Into Pieces, Truckfighters, Blues Pills, Witchcraft, Troubled Horse da sauransu. An kuma haifi mawaƙin Graveyard [[Joakim Nilsson (Graveyard)|Joakim Nilsson]] a Örebro.
* An kafa ƙungiyar Nasum mai tasiri kuma mai shahara sosai a Örebro.
* Örebro na ɗaya daga cikin gundumomin labarai na gida 12 na SVT kuma yana da gidan talabijin da ke cikin birni.

Gustavsvik, the largest water park in the Nordic countries, is located just a kilometer south of central Örebro. With more than 700,000 visitors per year, it is one of the most popular tourist and leisure establishments in Sweden. Only Liseberg, Gröna Lund and Skansen are more popular. In the summer the manor of Karlslund is a very popular place to visit.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;*''&#x5D;

## Wasanni

### Kwallon ƙafa

* Örebro SK, the biggest football club in Örebro with the men's team having played many seasons in Allsvenskan, currently (2024) playing in Superettan.
* KIF Örebro, the most successful women's football team, currently (2024) playing in Damallsvenskan.
* Karlslunds IF
* BK Forward
* Örebro Nordic
* Rynninge IK
* Örebro Syrianska IF
* FK Bosna 92
* Adolfsbergs IK
* IFK Örebro
* IK Sturehov

### Kwallon ƙafa

* Lillån IBK
* IBF Örebro

Birnin yana da wurin da ake kira Örebro Motorstadion,  kusa da Filin jirgin saman Örebro, wanda ke karbar bakuncin ƙungiyar da ake kira Vikingarna.  Kungiyar ta shiga gasar zakarun Sweden. Sun yi tsere a wurare biyu na dā; tsohuwar Örebro Motorstadion a Adolfsberg (1949 zuwa circa.1965) da Trängens IP (kimanin.1967 zuwa 1975).  Hanyar Adolfsberg ta shirya zagaye na cancanta na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Speedway a shekara ta 1954. 

### Sauran wasanni

* Örebro Volley tana taka leda a matakin mafi girma na wasannin volleyball na mata a Sweden. Sun lashe gasar sau goma.
* Örebro HK a halin yanzu tana taka leda a Kungiyar Hockey ta Sweden (mafi girman matakin) tun Lokacin 2013-14, bayan an inganta shi a kakar 2012-13.
* Örebro Black Knights kungiya ce ta Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka wacce ta taka leda a gasar zakarun Sweden a 1998, 1999, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 da 2017.
* Örebro SK Bandy ya zama zakaran kasa sau biyar. Ana buga wasannin gida a Behrn Arena, ɗaya daga cikin goma sha shida (kamar na 2018)  a cikin gida a Sweden.

Karlslunds IF kungiya ce ta wasanni da yawa da ke ƙwarewa a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka, Bandy, Baseball / Softball, Bowling, Football, Gymnastics, Skiing da Swimming.

## Yanayi

Örebro, kamar sauran yankin da ke kusa da Mälardalen, yana da yanayi mai ɗanɗano na nahiyar (Köppen Dfb) wanda aka sanya shi mafi ƙanƙanta ta hanyar kusancin ruwa da kogin Gulf wanda ke sa ya zama mai musanya da yanayin teku.  Yanayin zafi lokaci-lokaci ya wuce 30 °C (86 °F) ko da yake ba a kowace shekara ba, kuma yanayin zafi sama da 5 °C (41 °F) ba kasafai ba ne a cikin hunturu, kodayake dare mara sanyi yana faruwa a wasu lokuta.  Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na Yuli gabaɗaya yana kewayo daga 20 °C (68 °F) zuwa 26 °C (79 °F) dangane da yanayin yanayi, tare da 2002–2021 yana nufin girman kusan 23.5 °C (74.3 °F).  Juli matsakaicin matsakaicin 12.3 °C (54.1 °F), mafi girman sanyi fiye da yankunan bakin teku.  Matsakaicin matsakaicin Janairu 0.7 °C (33.3 °F) a cikin lokaci guda, tare da matsakaicin ƙasa na -5 °C (23 °F).

A lokacin sanyi, Örebro na samun dusar ƙanƙara da yawa.  Örebro ya fi fuskantar sanyi fiye da yankunan bakin teku zuwa tsananin sanyi tare da yanayin zafi yana gabatowa ko ƙasa da -20 ° C (-4 °F) yana faruwa kusan kowane lokacin hunturu bisa ga kididdigar SMHI.  Saitin tashar a cikin ƙauye na iya ɗan karkatar da yanayin zafi idan aka kwatanta da yankin birni wanda kuma yana da ɗan ƙarami kuma yana kusa da Hjälmaren.  Musamman idan aka yi la'akari da raguwa na dare wannan na iya haifar da ƙaramin tasirin tsibiri na zafi a cikin gari.

Koyaya, yanayin yana da bambanci sosai daga shekara zuwa shekara. Misali, Disamba 2010 ya kasance rikodin sanyi tare da matsakaicin yau da kullun na -9 ° C (16 ° F), yayin da Disamba 2006 kawai 'yan shekaru kafin yana da matsakaitan  ° C (39.7 ° F). Watan da ya fi zafi a rubuce shi ne  ° C (71.2 ° F) a watan Yulin 2018 kuma mafi sanyi a rubuce-rubuce shi ne -12.8 ° C (9.0 ° F) A watan Janairun 1987. Örebro sau da yawa ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba don manyan sassa na watanni na hunturu lokacin da yanayin zafi na rana ya tashi sama da daskarewa - fasalin ban mamaki ga yankin cikin arewacin latitude 59. Tasirin matsakaici na yammacin Atlantic yana da ƙarfi sosai har zuwa cikin ƙasa Örebro yana da hunturu mai sauƙi fiye da garin Norrtälje da ke kusa da bakin teku, wanda ke da ɗan nisa a arewacin Tekun Baltic tare da irin wannan tashar yanayin karkara.

The highest ever recorded temperature was set on 7 August 1975 during an intense heatwave with , which is a very high temperature for such northerly latitudes. During the 21st century, the record heat is the all-time July record of  set in 2022. The lowest recorded temperature in recorded history was set in February 1966 with . Several monthly records were set after 2010 according to official SMHI statistics, namely the record highs of February, March, May, July, October, November and December as well as the coldest December temperature and month on record, that was set in 2010. Humidity is high for most parts of the year, but adequately lower during summer months. In spite of this summer is generally the time that gets the most precipitation due to clashes between hot and cool continental air systems causing heavy thunderstorm rainfall. In 2015, a  reading was recorded around the winter solstice which was a very warm reading for an inland area in the low-sun season.

Da yake ba a kare shi da inuwar ruwan sama na kudancin Sweden ba, iska mai laushi na yamma yana haifar da ruwan sama mafi girma fiye da wuraren Tekun Baltic. convection na lokacin rani da shimfidar wuri na gari na iya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa na ƙananan wurare. Sakamakon haka, an dauki Örebro a matsayin daya daga cikin yankuna masu rauni a Sweden ga ambaliyar ruwa kuma ya ga abubuwan da suka faru da yawa a lokacin rani mai laushi a cikin 2023 . 

## Shahararrun mutane

### Masu zane-zane

* Stephan Berg (an haife shi a shekara ta 1957), mawaƙi kuma marubucin waƙa, wanda ya lashe gasar Eurovision Song Contest 1991Gasar Waƙoƙin Eurovision 1991
* Jens Bogren (an haife shi a shekara ta 1979), mai shirya rikodin
* Ola Brunkert (1946-2008), mai bugawa a cikin ABBA
* Josef Fares (an haife shi a shekara ta 1977), darektan fina-finai na Lebanon-Swedish
* Jasmine Kara (an haife ta a shekara ta 1988), mawaƙa
* Rob Marcello (an haife shi a shekara ta 1977), mai kunna guitar
* Nina Persson (an haife ta a shekara ta 1974), mawaƙa
* Mats Ronander (an haife shi a shekara ta 1954), mawaƙi, mai kunna guitar, kuma mawaƙi
* Mary Stävin (an haife ta a shekara ta 1957), Yarinyar James Bond, wacce aka naɗa ta a matsayin Miss World 1977Miss Duniya 1977
* Dan Swanö (an haife shi a shekara ta 1973), mawaƙi kuma mai kida da yawa

#### Ƙungiyoyin

* Blues Pills (2011-yanzu), ƙungiyar rock
* Dead Man (2003-yanzu), ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta psychedelic
* Lolita Pop (1979-1992, 2019-yanzu), ƙungiyar mawaƙa
* Millencolin (1992-yanzu), ƙungiyar punk rock
* Nasum (1992-2005), ƙungiyar grindcore
* Smash Into Pieces (2008-yanzu), madadin rukuni na rock
* Spetsnaz (2001-yanzu), ƙungiyar lantarki
* Truckfighters (2001-yanzu), ƙungiyar rock
* maita (2000-yanzu), ƙungiyar doom metal

### 'Yan siyasa da jami'an gwamnati

* Henry Allard (1911-1996), ɗan siyasa, Kakakin Riksdag na Sweden
* Leni Björklund (an haife ta a shekara ta 1944), 'yar siyasa
* Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson, (1390s-1436), shugaban 'yan tawaye kuma ɗan siyasa
* Johan Pehrson (an haife shi a shekara ta 1968), ɗan siyasa, shugaban Jam'iyyar Liberal
* Sten Tolgfors (an haife shi a shekara ta 1966), ɗan siyasa kuma ɗan kasuwa
* Olof Daniel Westling (Prince Daniel; an haife shi a shekara ta 1973), mijin Crown Princess Victoria

### Addini

* Gunnel André (an haife shi a shekara ta 1946), masanin tauhidi, minista kuma marubuci
* John Ongman (1844-1931), fasto
* Laurentius Petri (1499-1573), limami
* Olaus Petri (1493-1552), limami kuma mai gyarawa

### Masana kimiyya da injiniyoyi

* Jens Bergensten (an haife shi a shekara ta 1979), mai haɓaka wasan kuma mai tsara wasan Minecraft
* Bertil Lindblad (1895-1965), masanin taurari
* Manne Siegbahn (1886-1978), masanin kimiyyar lissafi
* Gunnar A. Sjögren (1920-1996), mai tsara motoci
* Jonas Wenström (1855-1893), injiniya kuma mai kirkiro

### 'Yan wasa

* Peter Andersson (an haife shi a shekara ta 1965), ɗan wasan hockey na kankara
* Christian Berglund (an haife shi a shekara ta 1980), ɗan wasan hockey na kankara
* Orvar Bergmark (1930-2004), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa da bandy
* Stig Blomqvist (an haife shi a shekara ta 1946), direban rally
* Hasse Borg (an haife shi a shekara ta 1953), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa
* Elisabeth Branäs (1930-2010), mai tsere, zakaran Turai sau biyu
* Philip Broberg (an haife shi a shekara ta 2001), ɗan wasan hockey na kankara
* Magnus Erlingmark (an haife shi a shekara ta 1968), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa
* Emilia Fahlin (an haife ta a shekara ta 1988), mai tuka keke
* Richard Göransson (an haife shi a shekara ta 1978), direban tsere
* Carl Gunnarsson (an haife shi a shekara ta 1986), ɗan wasan hockey na kankara
* Oscar Jansson (an haife shi a shekara ta 1990), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa
* Fredrik Lindgren (an haife shi a shekara ta 1985), mai tuka babur
* Ludvig Lindgren (an haife shi a shekara ta 1990), mai tuka babur
* Tomas Nordahl (an haife shi a shekara ta 1946), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma mai sharhi
* Ronnie Peterson (1944-1978), direban tsere
* Johan Röjler (an haife shi a shekara ta 1981), mai tsere mai saurin kankara
* Edward Sandström (an haife shi a shekara ta 1979), direban tsere
* Emra Tahirović (an haife ta a shekara ta 1987), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Bosnia da Sweden
* Borje Jansson (an haife shi a shekara ta 1942), mai tuka babur, wanda ya lashe gasar zakarun duniya hudu, uku a cikin 125cc Class, daya a cikin 250cc Class.

### Marubutan

* Hjalmar Bergman (1883–1931), writer and playwright
* August Gailit (1891–1960), Estonian writer
* Edita Morris (1902–1988), Swedish-American writer and political activist
* Emilie Risberg (1815–1890), novelist and educator
* Cajsa Warg (1703–1769), cookbook author

## Garin Twin - biranen 'yar'uwa
Örebro is twinned with:
 

## Manazarta