Josephine Leavell Allensworth

**Josephine Leavell Allensworth**, wacce aka fi sani da **Josie Allensworth** (1855–1938),  mawakiyar Amurka ce, malamar kiɗa, kuma mai fafutuka.

Ta kafa Allensworth, California tare da mijinta, bayan jerin abubuwan da suka faru, ciki har da Babban Mawuyacin Halin Da Ake Ciki da Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, akwai tarin mazauna da suka ƙaura daga yankin. Allensworth ƙaramin gari ne mai iyalai 40 zuwa 50 a shekarar 1985. An yi amfani da kimanin eka 240 na ƙasar Allensworth don ƙirƙirar wurin shakatawa na tarihi na jihar California mai suna Colonel Allensworth State Historic Park .

## Rayuwa ta sirri

An haifi Josephine Leavell a Trenton, Kentucky, a watan Afrilun 1855.   Ta auri Allen Allensworth a shekarar 1877. Ya kasance malamin Baptist na Afirka-Amurka a rundunar sojojin Amurka .  Shugaba Grover Cleveland ya naɗa shi limamin coci. Ya yi aiki a rundunar sojojin ƙasa ta 24, ɗaya daga cikin rundunar baƙar fata .  Shi ne baƙar fata na biyu a rundunar sojojin Amurka da ya zama babban jami'in kwamanda. 

Suna da 'ya'ya mata biyu, Eva (an haife ta a watan Janairu 1880) da Nella (an haife ta a watan Oktoba 1881).  Iyalin sun zauna a Fort Supply, Oklahoma, da Fort William Henry Harrison a Montana . Leavell ya taka rawar organ lokacin da Allensworth ta dauki nauyin hidima.  Allen mataimaki ne na sirri ga William Howard Taft .  Allensworths sun zauna a San Francisco a shekarar 1900.  Allen Allensworth ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja tare da mukamin Laftanar Kanar a shekarar 1906.  

## Allensworth
Allen da Josephine sun kafa Allensworth, California,  wuri da Baƙar fata za su zauna ba tare da nuna wariya ba a garin da suke mulka.   An sayi fili don garin saboda tsohon filin gona ne mai araha wanda ke da rijiyoyin artesian. Hakanan yana kusa da layin jirgin ƙasa na Santa Fe .  An jawo masu kiwon dabbobi, manoma, ma'aikata ƙwararru, malamai, da 'yan kasuwa zuwa garin da ke kudancin gundumar Tulare, California . 

Abubuwa da dama sun faru da suka kai ga rufe garin. Allen, wanda shi ne shugaban garin, ya mutu a wani hatsari a shekarar 1914. Bayan lokaci, garin ya fuskanci ƙarancin ruwa. Babban Matsalar Tattalin Arziki da Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu sun jawo hankalin mutane zuwa wurare masu damammaki. Mutane da yawa sun bar wurin lokacin da aka gano rijiyoyi uku na garin suna ɗauke da sinadarin arsenic a shekarar 1965.  Da yake son ci gaba da kula da garin mai tarihi, magoya bayansa sun yi ta fafutukar mayar da yankin wurin shakatawa. Gwamna Ronald Reagan ya sanya hannu kan dokar yin wurin shakatawa daga wasu filayen a shekarar 1973.  Har yanzu akwai ƙaramin garin Allensworth, a shekarar 1985, akwai iyalai kusan 40 zuwa 50 da ke zaune a wurin. Tallafin ya samar da kuɗin tankin riƙe ruwa mai nauyin galan 10,000. 

An yi amfani da kimanin eka 240 daga Allensworth don ƙirƙirar wurin shakatawa na tarihi na Jihar California, wurin shakatawa na tarihi na Jihar Colonel Allensworth, wanda ya zama wani ɓangare na tsarin wuraren shakatawa na jihar a 1973. An sabunta shi a 1985 daga kuɗaɗen da aka samu daga ɓangaren ci gaban tarihi na Dokar Wuraren Shakatawa da Kayayyakin Nishaɗi ta California ta 1984.

## Ƙungiyar Inganta Mata
A lokacin da take zaune a Allensworth, Leavell ta kafa ƙungiyar inganta rayuwar mata. Ta kuma samar da filin da za a kafa ɗakin karatu na tunawa da Mary Dickinson.  Kafa ɗakin karatu ya samo asali ne daga ɗakin karatu wanda Hukumar Amintattu ta Allensworth ta amince da shi. Ɗakin karatu da suka amince da shi ya yi ƙanƙanta ga al'umma. Saboda haka Leavell ta ƙirƙiri kadarar don gina ƙarin fili don babban ɗakin karatu. An sanya wa ɗakin karatu suna bayan mahaifiyarta kuma an kammala shi a watan Yulin 1913. Ginin ɗakin karatu ya ci dala $500. Zai iya ɗaukar littattafai 1,000.  Allensworths sun ba da gudummawar tarin littattafansu na kansu ga ɗakin karatu. Ita ma memba ce a hukumar makaranta. 

## Shekarun da suka biyo baya da mutuwa
Allen Allensworth ya sha kashi a hannun wani mai babur a Monrovia, California . Ya mutu a asibiti a ranar 14 ga Satumba, 1914. 

A shekarar 1922, Leavell ta koma Los Angeles don zama tare da 'yarta, Nella, wacce ta auri Louis Blogett.  A matsayinta na mazaunin Los Angeles, Leavell ta yi fafutukar haɗa kan launin fata a wuraren ninkaya da sauran wurare.  Leavell ta zauna a Los Angeles har zuwa mutuwarta a shekarar 1938. 

## Manazarta