Doris Blackburn

Doris Amelia Blackburn ( née Hordern ; 18 Satumba 1889 - 12 Disamba 1970) ɗan Australiya ne mai kawo sauyi kuma ɗan siyasa. Ta yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai daga 1946 zuwa 1949, mace ta biyu bayan Enid Lyons da ta yi hakan. Blackburn fitaccen ɗan gurguzu ne kuma asalinsa memba ne na Jam'iyyar Labour . Ta yi aure da Maurice Blackburn, dan majalisar Labour, amma an kore shi daga jam'iyyar a 1937 kuma ta yi murabus daga jam'iyyar don haɗin kai. Mijinta ya mutu a 1944, kuma an zabe ta a tsohon kujerarsa a zaben tarayya na 1946 - mace ta farko da aka zaba zuwa majalisa a matsayin mai cin gashin kanta . Duk da haka, Blackburn ta yi hidimar wa'adi ɗaya kawai kafin a doke ta. Daga baya ta zama shugabar Kungiyar Mata ta Duniya don Zaman Lafiya da 'Yanci .

## Rayuwar farko
An haife shi a Hawthorn, Melbourne, Victoria zuwa Lebbeus Hordern, wakilin gidaje, da matarsa Louisa Dewson (née Smith), Doris Hordern ya shiga cikin yancin mata da batutuwan zaman lafiya tun yana matashi kuma ya zama sakatariyar yakin neman zaben Vida Goldstein, mace ta farko da ta tsaya takarar zaben majalisar tarayya a Australia. Ta auri Maurice Blackburn, wani ɗan gurguzu mai son kashe gobara, a Melbourne a ranar 10 ga Disamba 1914  kuma ta yi amfani da hutun gudun amarci na shirya yaƙin yaƙi da yaƙin neman zaɓe .

## Siyasa
Yayin da mijinta ya yi aiki a lokuta daban-daban a matsayin memba na Jam'iyyar Labour ta Australiya (ALP) na majalisar dokokin Victoria da na tarayya, Blackburn ya ci gaba da yin aiki a kan al'amuran zamantakewa, wasu daga cikinsu sun kawo ta cikin rikici da Jam'iyyar Labour (wanda ita ma memba ce) kuma bayan korar Maurice daga jam'iyyar a 1937, ta yi murabus daga ALP. Mijinta ya ci gaba da zama a majalisa a matsayin mai zaman kansa amma ya rasa kujerarsa a zaben tarayya na 1943 ga dan takarar jam'iyyar Labour, kuma ya mutu a shekara mai zuwa. 

## Majalisa
Bacin rai a yadda Labour ta yi wa mijinta, Blackburn ta tsaya a matsayin 'yar takarar Labour mai zaman kanta don tsohon kujerar mijinta na Bourke a zaben 1946, kuma ta ci nasara ta zama mace ta biyu kawai da aka zaba a Majalisar Wakilan Australia . 

A cikin majalisar dokokin Blackburn, wacce ta raba gadon giciye tare da ɗan'uwan tsohon memba na Labour Jack Lang,  ta ba da fifiko iri ɗaya ga na mijinta marigayi, inda ta sami shahara a duk faɗin ƙasar a cikin 1947 a matsayin 'yar majalisar wakilai ɗaya tilo da ta kada kuri'ar adawa da Dokar Makamashin Atomic . Ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Majalisar 'Yancin  . Bayan sake rarraba zaɓe, an soke kujerarta ta Bourke, kuma a zaɓen 1949 ta yi takara a sabuwar kujerar Wills . A fafatawa da jam'iyyun Labour da Liberal ta zo na uku da kashi 20 cikin dari. Ta tsaya a Wills a zaben 1951 kuma ta zo na uku da kashi 17 na kuri'un. Duk sau biyu kujerar ta samu nasara a hannun Labour. 

## Alaka
Tun daga watan Satumba na 1949, Blackburn ya kasance memba na Yarjejeniya ta Majalisar Aminci ta Ostiraliya . 

Daga baya Blackburn ta ci gaba da aiki a cikin lamuran zamantakewa, tana aiki a matsayin shugabar Ƙungiyar Mata ta Duniya don Zaman Lafiya da 'Yanci . Gane matsalolin da Aborigines suka fuskanta, bayan ziyarar zuwa Woomera Rocket Range, ta haɗu tare da Douglas Nicholls, Aborigines Advancement League da Majalisar Tarayya don Ci gaban Aboriginal. 

## Mutuwa da gado
Blackburn ya mutu a ranar 12 ga Disamba 1970 a Coburg, Victoria, yana da shekaru 81. Ta haifi 'ya'ya biyu maza da mata biyu, daya daga cikinsu ya rasu kafin ta. 

Ma'ajiyar tarihin Blackburn da matar ta Maurice suna hannun Library na Jihar Victoria . 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin sunayen masu fafutukar zaman lafiya

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Shiga don D. Blackburn a cikin ƙamus na Australiya na Biography Online Edition 
* *Blackburns: Rayuwa masu zaman kansu, Burin Jama'a*, Carolyn Rasmussen, Jami'ar Melbourne Press, 2019,