Manufofin canjin yanayi na Amurka

Manufofin Canjin yanayi na Amurka suna da manyan tasiri ga canjin yanayi a duniya da Rage canjin yanayi ta duniya. Wannan shi ne saboda Amurka ita ce ta biyu mafi girma da ke fitar da iskar gas a duniya bayan China, kuma tana daga cikin ƙasashe masu yawan iskar gas ga kowane mutum a duniya. Gabaɗaya, Amurka ta fitar da fiye da tan tiriliyan na iskar gas, fiye da kowace ƙasa a duniya.

Ana haɓaka manufofin canjin yanayi a matakin gwamnati na jihohi da na tarayya. Hukumar Kare Muhalli (EPA) ta bayyana canjin yanayi a matsayin "duk wani canji mai mahimmanci a cikin matakan yanayi na tsawon lokaci. " Ainihin, canjin yanayi ya haɗa da manyan canje-canje a cikin zafin jiki, hazo, ko tsarin iska, da sauran tasirin, waɗanda ke faruwa a cikin shekaru da yawa ko fiye.  Manufar da ke da mafi girman saka hannun jari na Amurka a rage sauyin yanayi ita ce Dokar Rage hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ta 2022.

Siyasa na canjin yanayi ta raba wasu jam'iyyun siyasa da sauran kungiyoyi. Jam'iyyar Democrat tana ba da shawara don fadada manufofin rage sauyin yanayi yayin da Jam'iyyar Republican ke ba da shawara ga sauyin canji, rashin aiki, ko juyawa ga manufofin rage canjin yanayi na yanzu. A cikin 2025, gwamnatin Trump ta biyu ta ba da shawarar soke Dokar iskar gas a karkashin Dokar Tsabtace Ruwa. Yawancin lobbying kan manufofin yanayi a Amurka ana yin su ne ta kamfanonin da ke adawa da rage hayakin carbon a fili.

 

## Manufofin Tarayya
 

### Dokar kasa da kasa
Amurka, kodayake mai sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Kyoto, ba ta tabbatar da ita ba ko kuma ta janye daga yarjejeniyar. A shekara ta 1997, Majalisar Dattijai ta Amurka ta kada kuri'a tare a karkashin Yarjejeniyar Byrd-Hagel cewa ba ma'anar Majalisar Dattijan ba ce ya kamata Amurka ta sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Kyoto. A shekara ta 2001, tsohon mai ba da shawara kan tsaro na kasa Condoleezza Rice, ya bayyana cewa Yarjejeniyar "ba ta dace da Gudanarwa ko Majalisa ba".  

A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2003, Pentagon ta wallafa wani rahoto mai taken An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario da Tasirinta ga Tsaron Kasa na Amurka ta Peter Schwartz da Doug Randall. Marubutan sun kammala ta hanyar bayyana cewa, "wannan rahoto ya nuna cewa, saboda yiwuwar mummunar sakamako, haɗarin canjin yanayi na kwatsam, kodayake ba shi da tabbas kuma mai yiwuwa karami, ya kamata a ɗaukaka shi fiye da muhawara ta kimiyya zuwa damuwa game da Tsaro na kasa na Amurka.

### Majalisa
A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2003 kuma a watan Yunin shekara ta 2005, Dokar Kula da Yanayi ta McCain-Lieberman ta kasa jefa kuri'a a Majalisar Dattijan Amurka. A cikin kuri'un 2005, 'yan Republican sun yi adawa da Bill 49-6, yayin da' yan Democrat suka goyi bayan shi 37-10.

A watan Janairun shekara ta 2, Kakakin Majalisar Democrat Nancy Pelosi ya sanar da cewa za ta kafa kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Amurka don bincika dumamar duniya. Sanata Joe Lieberman ya ce, "Ina da zafi don yin wani abu. Yana da wahala kada a kammala cewa siyasar dumamar yanayi ta duniya ta canza kuma sabon yarjejeniya don aiki yana fitowa kuma yarjejeniya ce ta jam'iyya biyu. "  Sanatoci Bernie Sanders (I-VT) da Barbara Boxer (D-CA) sun gabatar da Dokar Rage Magunguna ta Duniya a ranar 15 ga Janairu, 2007. Matakin zai samar da kudade don R&D a kan geologic sequestration na carbon dioxide (CO2), ya saita ka'idojin hayaki don sabbin motoci da kuma sabunta man fetur da ake buƙata don man fetur tun daga farko a cikin 2016, ya kafa ingancin makamashi da ka'idoji masu sabuntawa tun daga cikin 2008 da ka'idodin samar da wutar lantarki tun daga cikin 2016 don amfani da wutar lantarki, kuma buƙatar kimantawa na lokaci-lokaci ta Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa don tantance ko burin hayaki sun isa. Koyaya, lissafin ya mutu a cikin kwamitin. Wasu takardun kudi guda biyu, Dokar Kare Yanayi da Dokar Makamashi mai dorewa, waɗanda aka gabatar a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, 2013, suma sun kasa wucewa kwamitin.

Majalisar Wakilai ta amince da Dokar Tsabtace Makamashi da Tsaro ta Amurka (ACES) a ranar 26 ga Yuni, 2009, ta hanyar kuri'un 219-212, amma lissafin ya kasa wucewa a Majalisar Dattijai.

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2011, 'Yan Jamhuriyar Republican sun gabatar da lissafi ga Majalisa ta Amurka wanda zai hana Hukumar Kare Muhalli (EPA) daga tsara iskar gas a matsayin gurbatawa. Ya zuwa shekara ta 2012, EPA har yanzu tana kula da ka'idoji a karkashin Dokar Tsabtace Ruwa.

A cikin 2019, akwai 'yan majalisa 130 da aka zaba wadanda suka nuna shakku game da kimiyyar canjin yanayi.

## Manazarta