Frank Dawson Adams

**Frank Dawson Adams** FRS FRSC (Satumba 17, 1859 - Disamba 26, 1942) ɗan ƙasar Kanada ne. 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Frank Dawson Adams a cikin wadata, dangi na tsakiya a Montreal, Kanada Gabas .

Adams ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare na Montreal (wata makaranta mai zaman kanta da aka kafa a 1843 kuma tana da alaƙa da Jami'ar McGill bayan 1852).  A matsayinsa na almajiri a can, Adams ya sami ilimi na gargajiya, kuma iliminsa na Latin yana da mahimmanci daga baya a rayuwarsa a cikin karatunsa na tarihi.

Yana da shekaru goma sha shida ya shiga Shirin Kimiyyar Aiwatar da Ilimi a Jami'ar McGill, inda ya yi karatun Geology tare da John William Dawson (Shugaban McGill tun 1852) da Bernard Harrington (wanda ya kafa shirin Kimiyyar Aiwatarwa). A cikin bayanan da ba a buga ba  ya bayyana Harrington a matsayin "Farfesa wanda ya rinjayi ni sosai." 

Ya kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin Kimiyyar Kimiyya a cikin 1878, sannan ya yi shekara guda a Makarantar Kimiyya ta Yale, inda ya karanta Jamusanci, Faransanci, da ilimin ma'adinai . A wurin ne ya sadu da George Wessel Hawes (1848-1882) wani majagaba kwararre a fannin man petur na Amirka, wanda ya yi aiki tare da Harry Rosenbusch a Jamus. Har ila yau, ya sadu da wani ɗalibi, Andrew Cowper Lawson, kuma a cikin 1888 sun buga takardar haɗin gwiwa akan binciken su na ma'adinai scapolite . Komawa Montreal, an nada shi Mataimakin Chemist a Binciken Geological na Kanada (GSC), da shekara mai zuwa (lokacin da GSC ya koma Ottawa), Mataimakin Chemist da Petrographer.  Ya sami izinin yin aiki aƙalla kashi biyu na shekaru biyu a Heidelberg, yana karatu tare da Harry Rosenbusch, wanda a lokacin ya kasance sanannen masanin ilimin halittu na ƙananan duwatsu .  Rosenbusch ya ja hankalin ɗalibai daga ƙasashe daban-daban. Yayin da Adams ke Heidelberg ya sadu da GH Williams da JS Diller, wadanda daga baya suka zama manyan masana kimiyyar man petur na Amurka, da kuma Victor Goldschmidt da (Carl) Alfred Osann (1859-1923), wadanda suka zama shahararran masana kimiyyar geochem a Turai. 

A cikin 1883, Adams ya buga aikin farko a Kanada wanda ya yi cikakken amfani da microscope na petrographic, da kuma takarda da ke nuna cewa ya riga ya fara aikin filin a arewacin Montreal, wanda daga baya ya zama tushen digiri na digiri a Heidelberg. Ya sami digiri na biyu daga McGill a 1884, da Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Heidelberg a cikin 1892. Karatun digirinsa na digiri a kan Morin anorthosite ya nuna cewa waɗannan duwatsun ba su kasance masu lalata ba, kamar yadda aka yi tunani a baya, amma duwatsu ne masu banƙyama waɗanda aka kutsa cikin Grenville sediments kuma daga baya metamorphosed a cikin Grenville orogeny .

## Sana'a
A cikin 1889 an nada Adams Malami a fannin ilimin kasa a Jami'ar McGill. An nada shi Logan Farfesa a fannin ilimin kasa bayan ritayar John William Dawson a shekara ta 1892 kuma ya rike wannan mukamin har zuwa lokacin da ya yi ritaya a shekara ta 1924. Ko da yake yana aiki na cikakken lokaci a McGill, ya ci gaba da ciyar da lokacin bazara a fagen, wanda GSC ta ba shi. A cikin 1891 ya fara aiki a Grenville na gabashin Ontario, kuma a shekara mai zuwa ya fara aiki a yankin Haliburton, Ontario . Aikinsa a can, wanda aka gudanar bayan 1896 tare da Alfred Barlow na GSC, an buga shi azaman Memoir na GSC a 1908, kuma ya zama sanannen ilimin geology na Kanada. Duwatsun, waɗanda suka haɗa da duwatsun alkaline da ba a saba gani ba, ba taswira kawai ba ne, amma sun yi nazari dalla-dalla ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin petrographic da sinadarai, kuma an zana tabbataccen matsaya game da petrogenesis ɗin su, duk waɗannan ba sabon abu bane ga Memoir na GSC a wancan lokacin.

A lokaci guda kuma, Adams yana nazarin halaye na musamman na petroloji na rukuni na kutse na alkaline da yawa daga baya (wanda aka sani da Early Cretaceous ), wanda ake kira da " Monteregian Hills ." Wannan aikin zai ci gaba da karatunsa, musamman Joseph Austin Bancroft (1882-1957),  wanda ya gaji Adams a matsayin Farfesa Logan a McGill.  An yi wahayi zuwa ga abubuwan da ya lura game da kwararar limestones na metamorphosed a cikin Grenville, Adams ya fara jerin gwaje-gwajen gwaji na majagaba game da kaddarorin jiki na duwatsu a matsanancin matsin lamba da yanayin zafi, wanda aka gudanar tare da haɗin gwiwar John Thomas Nicholson, Farfesa na Injiniya a McGill.  Wannan yana da kyau kafin a gudanar da aikin kwatankwacin a Jamus ko Amurka. Kodayake na'urar gwajin ta kasance na farko idan aka kwatanta da wanda aka haɓaka daga baya a Jami'ar Harvard da Laboratory Geophysical a Washington, DC, aikin Adams ya sami karbuwa sosai daga sabuwar Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Carnegie da aka kafa, wacce ta tallafa masa da kuɗi, kuma ta yi ƙoƙarin lallashe shi ya koma Cibiyar.   

Adams ya ci gaba da zama a McGill, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin Dean na Faculty of Applied Science sannan kuma a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa na International Geological Congress da aka gudanar a Toronto a 1913,  kuma ya kasance shugaban kungiyar Geological Society of America a 1917.   Ya sami girmamawa da yawa a lokacin aikinsa, da farko ya zama Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada a 1896, Fellow of the Royal Society (na Great Britain) a 1907, wani memba  Philo Society a cikin International Society. 1916,  Memba mai daraja na Ƙasashen waje na Kwalejin Kimiyya da Kimiyya ta Amirka a cikin 1917,  Memba na Ƙasashen Duniya na Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Ƙasar Amirka a 1920,  kuma ya ba da lambar yabo ta Flavelle, wadda aka ba da ita don gudunmawar gudunmawa ga kimiyyar halittu, a cikin 1937. Jami'ar Frank Dawson Adams a Ginin Jami'ar Frank Dawson Adams. An kafa wani rubutu don girmama shi a gidan kayan tarihi na Redpath da ke harabar McGill a cikin 1950.

Ya yi ritaya daga McGill a 1924, kuma ya fara tafiye-tafiye da yawa, yana tattara litattafai kan tarihin ilimin geology, da duwatsu da ma'adanai na McGill. Ya buga takardu da yawa kan ilimin geology na Ceylon da kuma kan tarihin ilimin ƙasa, wanda ya ƙare a cikin littafinsa *Haihuwa da Ci gaban Kimiyyar Geological* (1938). Ya zama al'ada kuma Dover Publications ya sake buga shi a cikin 1954. Ya bar tarin littattafansa da ba kasafai ba (1581 monographs) zuwa jami'ar McGill.

## Manazarta