Marcel Nadjari

**Marcel Nadjari (ko Nadjary, Nadjar, Nadzari, Girkanci: Εμμανουήλ Μαρσέλ Νατζαρή Νατζαρής, Nazarene) (Janairu 1, 1917 - Yuli 31, 1971) ya kasance Bayahude-Girka wanda ya tsira daga sansanin tsare-tsare na Auschwitz. Nadjari memba ne na Sonderkommando a Birkenau daga Mayu 1944 zuwa Nuwamba 1944. Yana ɗaya daga cikin membobi uku na Sonderkommando waɗanda suka rubuta tarihin rayuwarsa[1] bayan yaƙin,[2] tare da Filip Müller[3] da Leon Cohen.[4] Ya shiga cikin shirye-shiryen tawayen Sonderkommando. Ya rubuta ɗaya daga cikin rubuce-rubuce 19 na membobin Sonderkommando da aka gano kusa da tarkacen ginin Birkenau.**

## Tarihin rayuwa

An haife shi a Salonika a 1917, Marcel Nadjari ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Alsheikh ta Faransa. Abubuwan da yake so na ilimi sun haɗa da zane da zane. Lokacin da ya girma, ya yi aiki a shagon mahaifinsa yana sayar da abincin dabbobi. Ya shiga soja a 1937 kuma ya yi yaƙi da Italiyanci a mamayar Italiyanci ta 1940 a Albania (Invasion of Greece). A shekara ta 1942, an tura shi sansanin aiki na Jamus tare da wasu Yahudawa 1,500. A shekara ta 1943, an kori iyayensa da 'yar'uwarsa daga Salonika kuma daga baya aka kashe su a Auschwitz. Daga baya ya tsere daga sansanin kuma ya koma Athens, yana aiki na ɗan lokaci ga mai yin sabulu. A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1943, ya bar Athens kuma ya ji rauni a yaƙi da adawar kwaminisanci. Wata mace ta Faransa ta zarge shi da "Zionist da smuggler zuwa Palasdinu". A ranar 30 ga Disamba, 1943, an kama shi kuma ya kwashe wata daya a gidan yarin Averof a Athens. Jamusawa sun azabtar da shi har sai da ya furta asalinsa na Yahudawa, ba za a iya gujewa ba a tura shi sansanin Haidari na watanni biyu.

### Kwarewa a Auschwitz
An koro shi daga Athens a ranar 2 ga Afrilu, 1944, ya isa sansanin tsare mutane na Auschwitz a ranar 11 ga Afrilu tare da wasu da dama da aka kora. Daga cikin waɗannan mutanen da suka iso, an aika da waɗanda aka kora 1,872 nan take don a kashe su a ɗakunan iskar gas. Nadjari yana ɗaya daga cikin maza 320 na Girka da aka zaɓa don aiki kuma an ba shi lamba 182669. Bayan ya yi kwana biyu a Zentral Sauna a Birkenau, shi da sauran mazan Girka sun zauna a Block 12 na Männerquarantäne Lager daga 13 ga Afrilu zuwa 11 ga Mayu. Sannan aka zaɓe shi, tare da Helenawa 100, don zama ɓangare na Sonderkommando.[1] An tura shi zuwa Krematorium III kuma ya shiga cikin shirye-shiryen zanga-zangar Sonderkommando, tare da Yaacov Kaminski, Lemke Chaïm Pliszko, David Kotchak, Giuseppe Baruch, Leibl Paul Katz, Leon Cohen da Alberto Errera. Duk da haka, a lokacin boren da aka yi a ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 1944, fursunonin Krematorium III sun yi ta zagaye da Jamusawa cikin sauri kuma ba su shiga cikin boren ba.

A watan Nuwamba 1944, watanni biyu kafin a 'yantar da sansanin, ya binne wani rubutun shafuka goma sha biyu  da aka rubuta a Girkanci a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba a kan shafuka da aka karɓa daga littafin rubutu, inda ya bayyana abubuwan da ya lura da Auschwitz a cikin kwalban Thermos da jakar kusa da Krematorium III.

Bayan tawaye, Nadjari da abokan aikinsa an rubuta su a cikin Abbruchkommando Krematorium kuma an sanya su alhakin rushewar ƙonewa. A ranar 18 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1945, SS ta kwashe Auschwitz, kuma 'yan fursunoni da za su iya tafiya an fitar da su daga sansanin a kan tafiya ta mutuwa. Kodayake ba a yarda mambobin Sonderkommando su bar sansanin ba, Nadjari da wasu abokan aiki sun haɗu da taron fursunoni. Ya tsira daga tafiyar mutuwa kuma ya isa sansanin fursuna na Mauthausen a ranar 25 ga Janairu. An tura shi zuwa Melk kuma daga baya zuwa Gusen, daga inda 11th Armored Division (Amurka) na 3rd US Army ya sake shi a ranar 5 ga Mayu, 1945.

## Manazarta