open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Joseph Quesnel

**Joseph Quesnel** (15 ga Nuwamba 1746 - 2 ko 3 ga Yulin 1809) ya kasance mawaki ne na Kanada, mawaƙi kuma marubucin wasan kwaikwayo. Daga cikin ayyukansa akwai wasan kwaikwayo guda biyu, *Colas da Colinette* da *Lucas da Cécile*; wanda aka dauka a matsayin wasan kwaikwayo na farko na Kanada kuma mai yiwuwa na Arewacin Amurka.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Quesnel a Saint-Malo, Faransa, ɗan na uku na Isaac Quesnel de La Rivaudais (1712-1779), ɗan kasuwa mai arziki, da matarsa Pélagie-Jeanne-Marguerite Duguen .  Ya yi karatu a Collège Saint-Louis (1766).

## Rayuwa da aiki
Quesnel ya shiga jirgin ruwa na Faransa kuma ya tashi zuwa Pondicherry da Madagascar, ya yi tafiya a Afirka, da Caribbean. Ya shiga kasuwancin bayi na Atlantic. A shekara ta 1768, a matsayin mataimakin na biyu a cikin jirgin *Mesny*, ya tashi zuwa Cabinda (Angola ta zamani) inda aka sayi "Blacks na kowane zamani" 514 kuma aka kai su Haiti ta zamani inda aka sayar da su, a cewar bayanan tarihin Faransa da aka nakalto a cikin wani labari game da shi. Ya ɗauki violin tare da shi kuma ya karanta ayyukan marubuta wasan kwaikwayo na Faransa.

A shekara ta 1779, Quesnel ya tashi zuwa New York a matsayin kwamandan jirgin yaki na Faransa wanda Birtaniya ta kama. An kai Quesnel zuwa Halifax, Nova Scotia kuma an ba shi izinin zama a Boucherville, kusa da Montreal, Quebec .  Ya auri Marie-Josephte Deslandes a can kuma ya zama abokan kasuwanci tare da Maurice-Régis Blondeau, sabon mijin surukinsa. Ya zama mai arziki ta hanyar cinikin bayi.

Quesnel ya buga ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo da yawa, ciki har da *Colas da Colinette*, wanda aka rubuta a 1788 kuma aka fara yi a 1790,  da *Lucas da Cecile*;   ya kuma rubuta waka; waƙarsa da aka fi sani da ita ce "L'Épître à M. Labadie".

Baya ga waƙoƙi da yawa, ya kirkiro waƙoƙoƙi masu tsarki don cocin Ikklisiya na Montreal,  da wasu motets, kuma ya rubuta ɗan gajeren rubutu game da fasaha mai ban mamaki (1805). Ya kafa kuma ya kasance daga cikin ƙungiyar Montreal's Théàtre de Societé .  

Ya mutu daga pleurisy a Montreal a cikin 1809 watanni da yawa bayan ya nutse cikin Kogin Saint Lawrence don ya ceci yaro da ke nitsewa.

Quesnel shine batun wasan kwaikwayo mai ban dariya Le Père des amours, wanda Eugène Lapierre ya rubuta a 1942.

## Iyali
Ɗan Quesnel Jules Maurice Quesnel ya yi tafiya tare da Simon Fraser a kan tafiyarsa zuwa Tekun Pacific; an sanya masa sunan garin Quesnel, British Columbia. Wani ɗa Frédéric-Auguste ya zama lauya kuma ɗan siyasa; 'yarsa Mélanie ta auri lauya Côme-Séraphin Cherrier .

## Ayyuka

* *Colas da Colinette*, a cikin wasan kwaikwayo (1788) 
* *Lucas da Cecile*, wani wasan kwaikwayo
* L*'Anglomania*, wasan kwaikwayo a cikin aya 
* Les Républicains Français, wasan kwaikwayo a cikin layi, daga baya aka buga shi a Paris
* "L'Epître à M. Labadie" - waka

## Dubi kuma

* Waƙoƙin Kanada

## Manazarta
Makarantar Ware ta Opoku

**Makarantar Opoku Ware**, wacce aka fi sani da **OWASS**, babbar makarantar sakandare ce ta Katolika ta gwamnati ga yara maza, wacce ke Santasi, wani yanki na Kumasi, babban birnin yankin Ashanti na Ghana .   Lambar makarantar ita ce 0050110.  Mazhabar makarantar Katolika ce.  Makarantar tana da Rukunin A. 

## Taken da taken
Taken makarantar shine kalmar Latin "Deus Lux Scientiae," ma'ana "Allah shine Hasken Ilimi," yayin da taken ta, "Akatakyie," kalma ce ta Asante wacce ke nufin "Jarumai Masu Cin Nasara." 

## Ofishin Jakadanci
Makarantar ta himmatu wajen samar da ingantaccen ilimi mai inganci wanda ke haɓaka ƙwarewar ilimi da kyawawan ɗabi'u don ci gaban ɗalibanta gaba ɗaya. 

## Hangen nesa
Yin ƙoƙari don zama cibiyar cimma wani tsari mai ƙarfi, wanda a zahiri yana da cikakkiyar ci gaban ɗan adam. 

## Fitattun tsofaffin ɗalibai

* Kenneth Gilbert Adjei, tsohon mataimakin Ministan Jiha na NDC 
* Kwamena Ahwoi, tsohon karamin ministan NDC
* Ministan Abinci da Noma, Owusu Afriyie Akoto
* Stephen Amoah, Dan Majalisar Dokoki na Mazabar Nhyiaeso
* James Kwesi Appiah  (O 123) tsohon kocin Ghana Black Stars
* George Boakye, tsohon Babban Hafsan Sojan Sama
* Stephen Alan Brobbey, lauya mai ritaya; tsohon Babban Alkalin Gambia kuma alkalin Kotun Koli ta Ghana
* Shadrack Osei Frimpong, wanda ya kafa Cocoa360
* George Gyan-Baffour, Ministan Tsare-tsare kuma ɗan majalisar dokoki (Wenchi)
* Ohene Karikari, tsohon ɗan wasan ƙasa kuma ɗan tseren Afirka na ɗaya a lokacinsa
* Kontihene, mawakin hiplife
* John Kumah, Mataimakin Ministan Kudi.
* Jacob Kwakye-Maafo, likita, likitan fiɗa kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na West End Clinic, Kumasi
* Christian Nsiah, ɗan wasan Olympics kuma farfesa a fannin tattalin arziki a Jami'ar Jihar Black Hills
* Paul Victor Obeng, injiniyan injiniya, ɗan siyasa kuma tsohon shugaban majalisar KNUST
* Anthony Akoto Osei, tsohon Ministan Kudi kuma dan majalisar wakilai na yanzu na Old Tafo
* Ernest Owusu-Poku, tsohon Sufeto Janar na 'Yan Sanda, Ghana
* Nana Akuoko Sarpong, sarkin gargajiya na jihar Agogo, tsohon ɗan siyasa
* Nana Otuo Siriboe II, shugaban majalisar jiha
* Amadu Sulley, Mataimakin Kwamishinan Zaɓe
* Yaw Tog, mawaƙi, mawakin rap 
* Jacob Osei Yeboah, ɗan siyasa

## Kyaututtuka

* Ya ɗauki matsayi na 1 don Tambayoyin Kimiyya da Lissafi na Ƙasa na 2002 

## Duba kuma

* Makarantar Sakandare ta Navrongo

## Manazarta
Annamarie Castrilli

**Annamarie Castrilli** tsohuwar 'ɗan siyasa ce, lauya, malami kuma mai ba da shawara kan haƙƙoƙi a Ontario, Kanada .

## Tarihi
Castrilli ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Toronto, inda ta sami digiri na farko a shekarar 1969, digiri na biyu a shekarar 1970, da kuma Ph.D. a shekarar 1977.  Daga baya ta halarci Makarantar Shari'a ta Osgoode Hall, inda ta sami LL. B. a cikin 1984.  Ta fara aikin lauya tare da kamfanin Harries, Hauser, Loudon & Syron daga 1985 zuwa 1989 kuma ta kasance Abokin Haraji tare da Bratty da Partners a cikin 1990. Daga 1991 zuwa 1995, ta gudanar da aiki mai zaman kanta a matsayin lauya ta kamfanoni.

Castrilli ya kuma yi aiki a Majalisar Gudanarwa ta Jami'ar Toronto daga 1989 zuwa 1995 (ciki har da shekaru biyu a matsayin shugabanta), ya kasance amintacce tare da Asibitin Sunnybrook daga 1993 zuwa 1995, kuma ya kasance darektan Gidan Tarihin Royal Ontario, kuma daga 1993 zuwa 1995. Ta kasance memba na kafa kungiyar mata ta Italiya ta Kanada a 1976, da kuma Majalisar Mata ta Al'adu a 1988.

## Siyasa
A cikin zaben lardin na 1995, an zabi Castrilli a matsayin mai sassaucin ra'ayi a arewa maso yammacin Toronto yana hawa Downsview, inda ya kayar da sabon dan jam'iyyar Democrat Anthony Perruzza.  Jam'iyyar Progressive Conservatives ce ta lashe babban zaben, kuma Castrilli ya zama mai sukar adawa ga kwalejoji da jami'o'i, kuma yana aiki a matsayin mai sukar adawar al'amuran mata masu mahimmanci ga Babban Lauyan. Daga baya aka nada ta Shugabar Kwamitin Dindindin kan Ci gaban Jama'a kuma memba na Kwamitin Shari'a na Tripartite na Gwamnatin Ontario a kan Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Mulki ta Calgary, tana kula da raba gardama na kundin tsarin mulki na Calgary a Ontario.

Lokacin da Lyn McLeod ta yi murabus a matsayin shugaban Liberal a shekarar 1996, Castrilli da farko ta shiga tseren don cin nasara, daga ƙarshe ta ba da goyon baya ga wanda ya lashe Dalton McGuinty .   (Dubi Taron Jagorancin Liberal na Ontario.) 

## Rayuwa ta baya
Firayim Minista Mike Harris ne ya nada ta a matsayin darakta na "Hadin gwiwa tare da Ontarians", ofishin da aka kirkira don inganta lardin don kasuwancin duniya.

A cikin zaben tarayya na shekara ta 2004, Castrilli ya goyi bayan dan takarar Jam'iyyar Conservative Michael Mostyn . Daga baya a cikin shekarar, ta kasance co-shugaban Jim Flaherty na kokarin da bai yi nasara ba don jagorantar Tories na lardin.

Har ila yau, ita ce abokin kafa na Castrilli Law, darakta na SEADAC Strategic Consultants Inc., darakta na Ontario Association of Former Parliamentarians da kuma Shugaban Gidauniyar Ilimi na Ontario Association na Former Parliamentaries.

## Manazarta
Zoo ko Ƙarya

"**Zoo ko False**" shi ne karo na 19 na kakar wasa ta biyar ta CBS sitcom How I Met Your Mother da kuma karo na 107 gaba ɗaya. An watsa shi a ranar 12 ga Afrilu, 2010. Fim din ya kai lokacin da ya ragu tare da 2.8/9 rating da masu kallo miliyan 6.88.

## Makirci
Lokacin da ƙungiyar ta gano cewa Marshall ba shi da kuɗi don biyan pizza da suka ba da umarni, an tilasta masa ya bayyana cewa wani mutum (Jon Dore) ya yi masa fashi da bindiga a Central Park. Lily ta damu, kuma ta hanyar ƙaunar bindiga ta Robin, ta nuna sha'awar sayen bindiga don kare kanta. Marshall ya firgita da wannan yiwuwar, sannan ya bayyana cewa ba a yi masa fashi ba; a maimakon haka, ya ziyarci Zoo na Central Park, kuma yayin da yake tsaye kusa da gidan biri, biri ya yi amfani da walat dinsa. Robin ya nemi a yi masa tambayoyi don wasan kwaikwayonta, kuma ya yarda ya taimaka wajen bunkasa ƙididdigar wasan kwaikwayon. Marshall sa'an nan a asirce ya bayyana wa Barney da Ted cewa labarin biri karya ne, kuma an yi masa fashi da gaske; ya yi amfani da biri don kwantar da hankali ga Lily kuma ya hana ta sayen bindiga. Bugu da ƙari, ya ki yin ƙarya a talabijin kuma yana da haɗarin cutar da amincin Robin a matsayin ɗan jarida.

A halin yanzu, Barney yana amfani da labarin da aka yi masa fashi don karɓar mata. Wata mace da ya riga ya tabbatar da cewa shi ne Neil Armstrong ta katse shi. Ya faɗi ƙarya mafi girma a ƙoƙarin fita daga ciki kuma ya ba da shawarar uku. Lokacin da daga baya ya gaya wa Ted labarin, ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya wuce shi, amma Ted ya lura cewa ya bayyana yana da abin sha biyu a fuskarsa kuma ya kammala cewa matan sun ƙi shi.

## Amsa mai mahimmanci
Donna Bowman na The AV Club ta ba da labarin "Zoo ko False" tare da digiri B. Bowman ya yi iƙirarin cewa, kodayake rubutun ya haɗa da abubuwa masu ban dariya da yawa, "ba su taɓa zama kamar sun zauna a cikin rhythm ko kuma sun sami dangantakarsu ta halitta ba". Abubuwan da ke da ban dariya da gaske sun rufe da "rashin hulɗa na halitta ko ainihin motsin rai", wanda ya samo asali ne daga "rashin gamsar da dariya" na simintin da aka yi wa mutum hari. Wannan ya bayyana, Bowman ya yaba da labarin da ke magana da layin tsakanin labarin da labarin gaskiya, da kuma wasu takamaiman ban dariya a cikin labarin.

Amanda Sloane Murray na *IGN* ta ba da labarin 9 daga 10.

Cindy McLennan na *Talabijin Ba tare da Jinƙai ba* ta ba da labarin tare da digiri na C + . 

Lindsey Bahr na The Atlantic ya ce game da abin farin ciki na lamarin: 

Mujallar Time ta kwatanta lamarin da Pale Fire na Vladimir Nabokov amma kawai a cikin nau'in Wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya kuma ta yaba da ƙarshen inda Marshall ya ce "ta 'yar'uwata ce / ita 'yata ce".

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* "Zoo or False"aIMDb
Reginald Reynolds Amponsah

**Reginald Reynolds Amponsah** (30 Disamba 1919 - 3 Yuni 2009) ɗan ƙasar Ghana ne kuma ɗan siyasa a Majalisar Dokoki ta farko ta Jamhuriya ta Biyu wanda ke wakiltar mazabar Mampong ta Arewa a yankin Ashanti na Ghana . Ya kasance Ministan Jiha a gwamnatin Busia .

## Ilimi
Amponsah ya kammala karatunsa na sakandare a Makarantar Achimota a shekarar 1942. Shi ne shugaban makarantar a shekararsa.  Daga cikin abokan karatunsa akwai Victor Owusu, KB Asante, da Silas Dodu . An ba shi tallafin karatu don yin karatun tukwane a Stoke on Trent da ke Burtaniya . 

## Siyasa

### jamhuriya ta farko
Amponsah yana adawa da Jam'iyyar United Party a jamhuriya ta farko. An zarge shi da shirin kifar da gwamnatin Kwame Nkrumah ta Convention People's Party tare da Victor Owusu, Apaloo, William Ofori Atta, Dzenkle Dzewu Joe Appiah da Major Awhaitey. A lokacin wata hira da BBC, ya tuna da kama shi da aka yi a shekarar 1958: 

An daure Amponsah ba tare da an yi masa shari'a ba a ƙarƙashin Dokar Rigakafi ta Tsare. Ya zauna a can tun daga 1958 har zuwa juyin mulkin da aka yi a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu, 1966 wanda ya hambarar da gwamnatin Kwame Nkrumah . 

### jamhuriya ta biyu
Kofi Abrefa Busia ya naɗa Amponsah a matsayin Ministan Filaye, Albarkatun Ma'adinai, Dazuzzuka da Namun Daji a gwamnatinsa ta Jam'iyyar Progress . Daga baya aka naɗa shi ministan Ilimi kuma ya fara aiwatar da gyare-gyare a fannin ilimin firamare a Ghana. 

### Jamhuriyar ta huɗu
A lokacin jamhuriya ta huɗu, shi ne Shugaban Majalisar Dattawa ta Sabuwar Jam'iyyar Kishin Kasa (NPP). Ya yi tasiri wajen haɗa ƙungiyoyi daban-daban a cikin NPP kafin zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da na 'yan majalisa na 2008. 

## Sauran ayyuka
Amponsah ya kasance shugaban kamfanin jiragen saman Ghana Airways da ya daina aiki a shekarun 1960. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
An haifi Amponsah a Daaman kusa da Asante Mampong a gundumar Sekyere ta Yamma ta yankin Ashanti na Ghana. Yana da aure da 'ya'ya huɗu. An binne shi a ranar 3 ga Satumba, 2009 a Adudwan, kuma kusa da Asante Mampong. 

## Nassoshi
Sam Elliott

**Samuel Pack Elliott** (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 1944) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Amurka. Tare da aikin da ya kai sama da shekaru hamsin na fim da talabijin, an san shi da muryarsa mai zurfi. Elliott ya  kyaututtuka daban-daban, gami da Kyautar Screen Actors Guild da Kyautar Hukumar Bincike ta Kasa, ban da gabatarwa don Kyautar Kwalejin, kyaututtukan Emmy guda biyu da Golden Globe Awards guda biyu.

Elliott ya fara aikinsa tare da ƙananan matsayi a allon, yana yin fim dinsa na farko a yammacin The Way West (1967). Bayan rawar da ta taka a fim din Frogs (1972), Elliott ya sami kulawa sosai tare da rawar da ya samu a wasan kwaikwayo na Lifeguard (1976). Ya sami nasarar kasuwanci tare da rawar da ya taka a cikin fim din Mask (1985) kuma ya sami gabatarwa na Golden Globe don yin rawar gani a cikin Louis L'Amour na *Conagher* (1991) da kuma miniseries Buffalo Girls (1995), wanda kuma ya ba shi gabatarwa ta farko ta Primetime Emmy Award. A cikin shekarun 1990s, ya nuna John Buford a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi *Gettysburg* (1993), Virgil Earp a yammacin Tombstone (1993), Sgt. Buckey O'Neill a cikin ministocin yaki mai suna Rough Riders (1997), da kuma Baƙo a cikin wasan kwaikwayon aikata laifuka The Big Lebowski (1998).

## Rayuwa ta farko

An haifi Samuel Pack Elliott a ranar 9 ga Agusta, 1944, a Asibitin Tunawa da Sutter da ke Sacramento, California, ɗan Glynn Mamie (née Sparks), zakaran nutsewa na jihar Texas a makarantar sakandare sannan daga baya ya zama malamin horo na motsa jiki kuma malamin makarantar sakandare, da kuma Henry Nelson Elliott, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ƙwararre a fannin kula da dabbobin daji na Ma'aikatar Cikin Gida.  Iyayensa asali daga El Paso ne, Texas, kuma Elliott yana da kakanni wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin likitan tiyata a Yaƙin San Jacinto. Ya ƙaura daga California zuwa Portland, Oregon, tare da iyalinsa lokacin yana ɗan shekara 13.

## Ayyuka

### Ayyuka na farko

Elliott ya fara aikinsa a matsayin Mai wasan kwaikwayo; bayyanarsa, murya, da ɗaukarsa sun dace da Yammacin Turai. A shekara ta 1969, ya sami lambar yabo ta farko ta talabijin a matsayin Dan Kenyon a Judd for the Defense a cikin shirin "The Crystal Maze".

A wannan shekarar ya bayyana a cikin wasan kwaikwayon Lancer a cikin shirin "Death Bait", yana wasa da Renslo .  Ya ci gaba da bayyana a cikin ƙarin abubuwa biyu na jerin tsakanin 1970 da 1971. Ɗaya daga cikin rawar fim dinsa na farko ya kasance a matsayin mai kunna katin wanda ke kallo yayin da Sundance Kid (Robert Redford) ke nuna ikon harbi a farkon yanayin *[[Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid|Butch Cassidy da Sundance Kid]]* (1969). A cikin lokacin talabijin na 1970-1971, Elliott ya fito a matsayin Doug Robert don aukuwa da yawa a cikin jerin abubuwan da suka faru Mission: Impossible. Da farko a cikin 1972, Elliott ya bayyana a matsayin cowboy Walker a cikin jerin tallace-tallace na Falstaff Beer. A shekara ta 1975, an jefa Elliott a matsayin jagora a matsayin Charles Wood a cikin fim din talabijin na I Will Fight No More Forever, wasan kwaikwayo na tsayayyar Cif Joseph ga tilasta cire kabilar Indiyawan Nez Perce zuwa ajiya a Idaho.h

## Manazarta
Hanyar Cataraqui

**Hanyar Cataraqui** hanya ce mai nisan kilomita 104 (65  mai amfani da yawa a Gabashin Ontario, Kanada. Hanyar ta wuce ta gonaki, dazuzzuka, tabkuna, da wuraren da ke da ruwa. Hanyar ta fara ne a kudu maso yammacin Smiths Falls, a filin ajiye motoci a kudancin Ontario Highway 15 wanda aka sanya shi a matsayin kilomita sifili (44°53′24′′N 76°01′50′′W / 44.89000°N 76.03056°W / 44. 89000; -76.03056).

Tukwane masu lambobi suna tsakanin kowace kilomita zuwa biyar. A tsakiyar ɓangaren hanyar ta ratsa UNESCO Frontenac Arch Biosphere Reserve . Tsawon  sashe da ke gudana daga Smiths Falls zuwa Harrowsmith wani ɓangare ne na Titin Trans Canada . An ketare Mashigar Ruwa ta Rideau a kan titin jirgin ƙasa na 1912 a Chaffey's Locks, kusa da matsayi na kilomita 42. Hanyar Jirgin Ƙasa ta K&amp;amp;P ta haɗu da Titin Cataraqui a Harrowsmith. Babban Hanyar Rideau da hanyoyin gefenta masu launin shuɗi suna raba hanyar Cataraqui a wurare da dama. Ƙarshen hanyar yana isa Strathcona kusa da Napanee. Wuraren shiga da wuraren ajiye motoci suna da layuka a kan hanyar.

Hanyar tana kan hanyar tsohon layin dogo na ƙasar Kanada (CN). CN ta ba da mafi yawan layin dogo ga Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Cataraqui (CRCA) a shekarar 1997. Wasu sassan mallakar masu zaman kansu ne amma inda aka ba da izinin shiga. Banda motocin gaggawa da na gyara, da motocin dusar ƙanƙara waɗanda ke da izinin Ƙungiyar Kulab ɗin Snowmobile ta Ontario a lokacin hunturu, ba a yarda da tafiye-tafiyen mota ba.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin hanyoyin da za a bi a Kanada

## Manazarta
Donald Alexander Macdonald

**Donald Alexander Macdonald** PC (Fabrairu 17, 1817 - Yuni 10, 1896) ɗan siyasan Kanada ne.

An haife shi a shekara ta 1817 a St. Raphael's, Upper Canada, Donald Alexander Macdonald ya yi karatu a Kwalejin St Raphael a ƙarƙashin Bishop na Katolika na farko na Ontario, Alexander Macdonell . Ya zama dan kwangila na jirgin kasa kuma an zabe shi a matsayin memba na Majalisar Dokoki ta Lardin Kanada daga 1857 zuwa 1867. Ya kasance memba na Liberal na Majalisar Dokoki na Glengarry a cikin House of Commons na Kanada daga 1867 zuwa 1875, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin Janar Janar na Kanada. A shekara ta 1875 aka nada Macdonald a matsayin Mataimakin Gwamna na huɗu na Ontario kuma ya rike wannan mukamin har zuwa 1880. Ya mutu a Montreal a shekara ta 1896.

Macdonald ya yi aiki a matsayin Manjo a cikin 4th Battalion, Glengarry Militia, ya gaji ɗan'uwansa John a matsayin Kwamandan Jami'in a 1852.

Ya kasance ɗan'uwan John Sandfield Macdonald, Firayim Minista Na farko na Ontario, da Alexander Francis Macdonald MP na Cornwall daga 1874 zuwa 1878.

## Iyali
Hon. Donald Alexander Macdonald, P.C., da Lieutenant-Governor na Ontario, 1875-80, sun auri Catherine Fraser, 'yar Colonel the Hon. Alexander Fraser, M.L.C. na Fraserfield kuma kwamandan jami'in 1st Glengarry Militia.

An haifi 'yar Margaret a Alexandria, Ont., kuma ta yi karatu a Montreal. Ta yi aure, a Toronto, Ontario Satumba 16, 1875, William Hales Hingston, MD, F.R.C.S. (Lond.), wanda, an nada shi Kwamandan Roman Order of St. Gregory (1875), Sarauniya Victoria ta ba shi daraja a 1895, kuma an kira shi zuwa Majalisar Dattijan Kanada a 1896.

Ɗansa Col. Alexander George Fraser Macdonald (1863-1948) ya kasance jami'in Militia na Kanada, yana aiki a cikin 59th Stormont da Glengarry Battalion daga 1897 zuwa 1914. Ya umurci Battalion na 154 (Stormont-Dundas-Glengarry) , CEF a lokacin yakin duniya na farko .

## Haɗin waje

* Asusun Donald Alexander Macdonald, Tarihin Ontario

## Manazarta
Al Ekhbariya

**Ekhbariya TV** ( Arabic   ) tashar talabijin ce ta talabijin ta tauraron dan adam ta labarai da al'amuran yau da kullum ta Saudiyya da ke Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

## Tarihi
An ƙaddamar da shi a ranar 11 ga Janairu 2004,  manufarsa a cewar daraktan ta ita ce gabatar da "sabon hoton ƙasar Larabawa ta yankin Gulf" ga yankin da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. Bayan ɗaukar mata da dama daga Saudiyya, mace ta farko mai gabatar da labarai a masarautar Buthaina Al-Nassr ta karanta sanarwar farko.  Masu aiko da rahotanni suna zaune a faɗin Gabas ta Tsakiya, Turai da Amurka don bayar da rahotanni kan labaran duniya daga ko'ina cikin duniya.

Tashar, kamar babbar mai fafatawa da ita a Al Jazeera, mallakar gwamnatinta ce kuma Ma'aikatar Yaɗa Labarai ce ke kula da ita, tare da sauran tashoshi waɗanda ke cikin cibiyar sadarwa ta Talabijin ta Saudiyya. Ana watsa tashar zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya da kuma duniyar masu magana da Larabci daga tauraron Badr 4 a matsayi na kewayawa na 26.0° Gabas. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Manazarta
Jamhuriyar Czech (mazabar Majalisar Tarayyar Turai)

**Jamhuriyar Czech** mazabar Majalisar Tarayyar Turai ce da za a yi zaɓe a Tarayyar Turai wanda ya shafi ƙasar da ke cikin Jamhuriyar Czech . A halin yanzu , 'yan Majalisar Tarayyar Turai ashirin da ɗaya ne ke wakiltarta.

## 'Yan Majalisar Tarayyar Turai na yanzu

## Zaɓe

### 2004
Zaɓen Turai na 2004 shi ne zaɓe na shida da aka yi a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai. Duk da haka, yayin da Jamhuriyar Czech ta shiga Tarayyar Turai ne kawai a farkon wannan watan, shi ne zaɓe na farko da aka gudanar a Turai a wannan jihar.

Sakamakon rashin fitowar jama'a sosai, jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party mai mulki a Czech ta sha kaye mai yawa, inda ta rasa rinjaye a hannun jam'iyyar Civic Democratic Party mai ra'ayin mazan jiya da kuma jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Bohemia da Moravia . Rashin nasarar jam'iyyarsa na ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da suka sa Firayim Minista Vladimír Špidla ya yi murabus. Cikakken sakamakon zaɓe; 

### 2009
Zaɓen Turai na 2009 shi ne zaɓe na bakwai ga Majalisar Dokokin Turai, sannan na biyu ga Jamhuriyar Czech.

### 2014
Zaɓen Turai na 2014 shi ne zaɓe na takwas da aka yi a Majalisar Turai, kuma na uku ga Jamhuriyar Czech.

### 2019
 
Zaɓen Turai na 2019 shi ne zaɓe na tara ga Majalisar Dokokin Turai, sannan na huɗu ga Jamhuriyar Czech.

### 2024
 
Zaɓen Turai na 2024 shi ne zaɓe na goma ga Majalisar Dokokin Turai, kuma na biyar ga Jamhuriyar Czech.

## Manazarta
Carlo Carraro

**Carlo Carraro** (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Mayu 1957) masanin tattalin arziki ne kuma masanin kimiyya na Italiya wanda ke ƙwarewa a fannin tattalin arzikin muhalli, manufofin yanayi, da ci gaba mai ɗorewa. Shi Farfesa ne na Tattalin Arziki a Jami'ar Ca" Foscari ta Venice, inda ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban kasa / Rector daga 2009 zuwa 2014. A shekara ta 2005 ya kafa Cibiyar Yuro-Mediterranean kan Canjin Yanayi (CMCC) wanda yanzu shi ne mai ba da shawara kan dabarun. Shi memba ne na Babban Kungiyar Ba da Shawara ta Green Growth Knowledge Platform (Bankin Duniya), kuma Shugaba Emeritus na Jami'ar Ca" Foscari ta Venice . Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin Kwamitin Gwamnati kan Canjin Yanayi (IPCC), yana aiki a matsayin memba na Ofishin da Mataimakin Shugaban Kungiyar Ayyuka ta III daga 2008 zuwa 2023.

## Ilimi
Carraro ta kammala karatu tare da *Laurea* a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Ca" Foscari ta Venice a shekarar 1981. Ya sami Ph.D. a cikin Tattalin Arziki daga Jami'ar Princeton a 1985, wanda Fulbright Fellowship ya goyi bayan.

## Ayyukan ilimi
Carraro ya fara aikinsa na ilimi a matsayin mataimakin farfesa a Jami'ar Ca" Foscari a 1983 kuma ya zama cikakken farfesa a fannin tattalin arziki a Jami'an Udine a 1990 kafin ya koma Ca" Foscaria a 1993 2. A Ca" Foscari, ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Rector na Manufofin Bincike (2000-2005), Darakta na Sashen Tattalin Arziki (2005-2008), da Rector (2009-2014). A matsayinsa na Rector, ya jagoranci shirye-shiryen kasa da kasa, ya inganta cibiyoyin bincike, kuma ya kula da shiga jami'ar a cikin haɗin gwiwar ilimi na Turai. A karkashin jagorancin Carraro, Jami'ar Ca" Foscari ta ƙaddamar da shirin sabunta tsarin a cikin gudanarwa, koyarwa, da ayyukan bincike don daidaitawa da sabbin ka'idodin kimantawa na ƙasa (ANVUR), wanda ya ba da gudummawa ga inganta aikin kimantawa a cikin kimantawa ta ƙasa (musamman a cikin bil'adama da harsuna).

## Abokan hulɗa da matsayi
Carraro ɗan bincike ne na Cibiyar Nazarin Tattalin Arziki da Manufofin (CEPR, London), CESifo (Munich), kuma ɗan ƙungiyar bincike a CEPS (Brussels). Ya rike mukamai na jagoranci ciki har da Shugaban Kungiyar Turai ta Masana Tattalin Arziki da Tattalin Ruwa (EAERE; Shugaban a 2018-2019), Daraktan Kimiyya na FEEM daga 2007 zuwa 2017,  Shugaban Kwamitin Zartarwa na Cibiyar Tattalin arziki da Muhalli ta Turai (EIEE), Mai Gudanar da ayyukan ilimi na Kwalejin H-Farm, da Shugaban Kwamitin Kasa na Italiya kan Tasirin Canjin Yanayi akan Infrastructures da Motsawa. Ya kuma yi aiki a kungiyar EU-DG ECFIN ta High-Level Advisory Group.

## Manazarta
Randy Liedtke

**Randy Liedtke** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1984)  ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Amurka, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, furodusa kuma mai ba da labari daga Oregon. An san shi da wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin da aikin kwasfan fayiloli.

Liedtke baƙo-tauraruwa a kan @midnight da Comedy  kuma ya bayyana a cikin shirye-shiryen  da yawa. Ya riga ya dauki bakuncin kwasfan fayiloli na Bone Zone tare da Brendon Walsh, wanda ya yi aiki tare da shi a wasu ayyukan.

Liedtke ya bayyana a cikin ƙananan matsayi a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa ciki har da , , kuma a matsayin mai yin murya a cikin Adventure Time . Ya kuma bayyana a fim, a matsayin Stoner Lou a cikin Expecting (2013) da kuma a cikin Slingshot Cops (2016) tare da Walsh, da sauran ayyukan.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Liedtke tana zaune ne a Los Angeles, amma ta girma a Oregon. Kafin fara aiki a nishaɗi, Liedtke ya halarci kwaleji kuma ya yi niyyar neman aiki a talla. Bayan ya rabu da budurwarsa ta lokacin, an yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ya koma Los Angeles bayan wani aboki ya yi haka.

A cikin 2013, Liedtke ya yi iƙirarin cewa an kai shi ofishin 'yan sanda kan takardar shaidar Tikitin ajiye motoci da ba a biya ba, bayan ya sa wani jami'in 'yan sanda ya ja shi a cikin motarsa a matsayin wani ɓangare na rikodin rikodin. Liedtke yana tuki yayin da yake riƙe da kukis mai kama da wayar salula, wanda ya ci gaba da cinyewa a gaban jami'in. Koyaya, wasu sun yi hasashen cewa an shirya lamarin ne.

## Ayyuka
Ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo na farko na Liedtke ya fara ne tare da bidiyon Intanet da kwasfan fayiloli a ƙarshen 2000s. A cikin shekara ta 2008, Liedtke ya kirkiro tashar YouTube mai suna *CurtandRandy*, rubuce-rubuce da kuma fitowa a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo. A shekara ta 2007, ya yi ba tare da shirt ba a gasar cin kofin duniya ta Seattle ta shekara-shekara ta 28.

### Talabijin da fim
Tun daga shekara ta 2010, Liedtke ya bayyana a cikin shirye-shiryen talabijin da fina-finai da yawa yana wasa da ƙananan haruffa. Ya kasance muryar Randy da Hot Dog Knight a cikin abubuwan da suka faru biyu na jerin zane-zane na Adventure Time. Ya kuma taka rawar gani a fina-finai, wato shirye-shiryen talabijin, ya bayyana a matsayin Stoner Lou a cikin Expecting (2013) da Elden a cikin Slingshot Cops (2016).

### Wasan kwaikwayo na tsaye
Liedtke ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a kan *Late Night tare da Seth Meyers* a cikin 2014,  da kuma  a cikin 2015. Ya kasance baƙo mai maimaitawa a cikin jerin 8 na Last Comic Standing da jerin 3 na @midnight.

A cikin 2014, Liedtke ya yi a bikin Just For Laughs a cikin "New Faces". A wannan shekarar, LA Weekly ta lissafa shi a cikin labarin su "10 Comedy Acts to Watch a cikin 2015.

A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2015, Liedtke ya yi wani abu na musamman a kakar wasa ta 4 na The Half Hour. Bayan wannan, ya fitar da kundi na farko na wasan kwaikwayo na I'm On A Roll tare da Comedy Central Records.

## Manazarta
Hanyoyin Hamilton-Brantford-Cambridge

**Hanyoyin Hamilton-Brantford-Cambridge** suna da hanyoyin tafiya na nishaɗi da yawa a cikin birane waɗanda ke haɗa ƙananan hukumomi da dama a kudancin Ontario, Kanada. Hanyoyin suna cikin Tsarin Tafiya na Kudancin Ontario . Daga ƙarshe zuwa ƙarshe, hanyar tana da  tsayi, yana gudana daga Cambridge kudu ta hanyar Paris zuwa Brantford sannan Gabas zuwa tsakiyar Hamilton .

## Hanyar Tunawa da Gordon Glaves
An sanya wa ɓangaren farko na Hamilton-Brantford-Cambridge Trails suna Gordon Glaves Memorial Pathway a shekarar 1993.

## Hanyar Jirgin Kasa ta Cambridge zuwa Paris
Kashi na biyu na Hanyar Hamilton-Brantford-Cambridge shine **Hanyar Jirgin Kasa ta Cambridge zuwa Paris**, wacce aka bude a shekarar 1994 a gefen dama na Tafkin Erie da Layin Jirgin Kasa na Arewa . Hanyar arewa tana cikin Galt a gefen Titin Water, kuma daga nan hanyar ta ratsa kudu ta cikin Glen Morris, nisan kimanin  . Daga nan sai ya ci gaba zuwa Paris har sai da ya ƙare a hukumance ya zama Hanyar SC Johnson. Jimillar tsawon hanyar  . 

## Hanyar Jirgin Kasa ta Hamilton zuwa Brantford
A shekarar 1996, hanyar jirgin ƙasa ta Hamilton zuwa Brantford ita ce ta uku a jerin hanyoyin Hamilton-Brantford-Cambridge da aka kammala. Tana da nisan  daga Hamilton zuwa Brantford ta cikin garuruwan Dundas da Jerseyville . Duk tsohon gadon jirgin ƙasa yana da ƙurar dutse kuma an yi masa alama da ginshiƙi a kowane kilomita, tare da benci akai-akai a gefen hanyar. Daga Brantford zuwa Jerseyville, hanyar mallakar Hukumar Kare Kogin Grand River ce kuma sashen Jerseyville-Hamilton mallakar Hukumar Kare Yankin Hamilton ne.

Fara daga Hamilton a arewacin filin wasan golf na birnin Chedoke, hanyar ta ratsa yamma ta kan babbar hanyar Ontario 403, ta ratsa Ainslie Wood zuwa yankin kare muhalli na Dundas Valley . Akwai wuraren ajiye motoci da bandaki a Cibiyar Hanyar Dundas Valley,  daga kan hanyar. Hanyar ta lulluɓe fuskar Niagara Escarpment na tsawon , inda suka isa saman titin da ke kan tarkacen Tashar Summit a kan iyakar Harbour na Hamilton da kuma magudanan ruwa na Grand River.

Daga nan hanyar ta gangara ta cikin gonaki zuwa Jerseyville, inda wani filin ajiye motoci yake a kilomita 18.5. Ta ci gaba da tafiya a layi kusan madaidaiciya na tsawon kilomita da dama kafin ta juya Kudu, ta ratsa ƙarƙashin 403 ta kuma wuce wani wurin ajiye motoci a maki na ƙarshe  .  ta ratsa Brantford don haɗawa da Hanyar Tunawa da Gordon Glaves. 

## Hanyar SC Johnson
Hanyar SC Johnson (ko Hanyar Jirgin Kasa ta SC Johnson) ta biyo bayan wani sashe na Tafkin Erie da aka yi watsi da shi da kuma hanyar layin dogo ta Arewa tsakanin Paris da Brantford. Tana haɗuwa da Hanyar Tunawa da Gordon Glaves da ke Brantford. 

Hanyar ta buɗe a shekarar 1998, inda ta kammala hanyar da ba ta kan hanya ba daga Hamilton zuwa Cambridge.

## Duba kuma

* Takalmin Doki na Zinare
* Jerin hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa
* Jerin hanyoyin da za a bi a Kanada

## Manazarta
Rayuwa a Italiya (album na Lou Reed)

Live In Italy wani kundi ne na mawaƙin Amurka Lou Reed wanda aka rubuta kai tsaye sama da dare biyu a watan Satumbar 1983 (a ranar 7 a Verona kuma a ranar 10, a rushewar Circus Maximus, a Roma) ta amfani da Rolling Stones Mobile Unit .  An bayar da shi a kan vinyl kawai a Jamus, Ingila da Japan. A lokacin, Reed da ƙungiyarsa suna kan yawon shakatawa na duniya don inganta kundin Legendary Hearts . An kuma saki bidiyon kai tsaye, A Night with Lou Reed, wanda aka yi fim a wani kide-kide na New York, don ya dace da kundin. Bidiyo ya watsar da waƙoƙin "Betrayed", "Sally Can't Dance", "Average Guy" da "Some Kinda Love" / "Sister Ray" daga wasan kwaikwayo na 10, yayin da ya kara "Don't Talk to Me About Work", "Women", "Turn Out the Light" da "New Age" daga 7th.

A shekara ta 1996, an sake fitar da kundin a ƙarƙashin taken Live in Concert .

## Karɓar baƙi
Daga sake dubawa na zamani, *[[NME]]* ta yi mamakin dalilin da ya sa yawancin waƙoƙin sun fito ne daga shekarun Velvet Underground na Reed, suna tambayar idan, "saboda a cikin Robert Quine, Lou Reed a ƙarshe ya sami wani mai ba da guitar mai tausayi, kuma yana farin cikin yin magana da shi a kan "Sister Ray" da duk sauran manyan tsoffin waƙoƙar da, da takaici, ba a buga su daidai ba har tsawon shekaru?"  Ken Tucker na The Philadelphia Inquirer ya ba Live a Italiya a cikin manyan taurari, yana mai suna "ƙoƙin da yawa" Robert Quest" wanda yabon wannan rawar da yawa.

## Jerin waƙoƙi
Duk waƙoƙin da Lou Reed ya rubuta sai dai kamar yadda aka nuna.

### Yankin daya

# "Sweet Jane" (3:46) 
# "Ina jiran Mutumina" (4:00) 
# "Dokar Sojoji" (4:06) 
# "Satellite na soyayya" (5:06) 

### Hanyar biyu

# "Ka kashe 'ya'yanka" (5:35) 
# "An ci amanar" (3:05) 
# "Sally Ba za ta iya rawa ba" (3:24) 
# "Rawan Tsoro" (3:16) 
# "Mai Girma Guy" (2:54) 

### Yankin uku

# "White Light / White Heat" (3:10) 
# "Wasu Kinda Love / Sister Ray" (Reed, John Cale, Sterling Morrison, Maureen Tucker) (15:30) 

### Yankin huɗu

# "Ku Yi Tafiya a gefen daji" (4:28) 
# "Jarumi" (8:34) 
# "Rock &amp;amp; Roll" (6:10)
Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Mission

**Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Mission** wani gidan wasan kwaikwayo ne da ke Bath, Ingila .

A shekara ta 2004, Kamfanin Wasan Kwaikwayo na Next Stage ya mallaki wani gini da aka rubuta a aji na II wanda aka gina a matsayin zauren taro na ƙungiyoyin addinai daban-daban a shekara ta 1797.  A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Air Raid Wardens sun yi amfani da ginin.  Ofishin Jakadancin Jama'a ya yi amfani da shi har zuwa 1998, lokacin da aka bar shi ya lalace na tsawon shekaru da dama kafin a sayar da shi ga Kamfanin Wasan Kwaikwayo na Next Stage a shekara ta 2004, inda aka fara gina shi zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo.

Yanzu haka mallakar Majalisar Bath da North East Somerset ce, wadda ta ba wa Kamfanin Wasan Kwaikwayo na Next Stage Canja wurin Kadarorin Al'umma don ya mamaye kuma ya yi amfani da ginin a matsayin gidan wasan kwaikwayo mai kujeru 100, cibiyar fasaha da kuma wurin amfani da jama'a da yawa.  An ba da garantin Canja wurin Kadarorin Al'umma na Next Stage na akalla shekaru 99 daga 2021.

A hawa na farko akwai ƙaramin gidan wasan kwaikwayo mai kujeru 30 (The Theatre Upstairs) da kuma mashaya/cafe da ke buɗewa kafin a fara wasan kwaikwayo a gidan wasan kwaikwayo kuma yana ba da abubuwan sha da abubuwan ciye-ciye. 

## Manazarta
Sauti na Satellites

Sounds of the Satellites shi ne kundi na biyu na ƙungiyar Ingila Laika . An sake shi a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu 1997 ta Too Pure . 

## Karɓar karɓa mai mahimmanci
Rob Brunner na Entertainment Weekly ya ce, "Sounds of the Satellites' entrancing blend of heavy bass, gurgling electronics, da moody melodies - wanda aka raira tare da low-key intensity da tsohon Moonshaker Margaret Fiedler - yana da wadataccen isa ya riƙe hankalinka ko da lokacin da bai motsa ƙafafunka ba."  Jason Ankeny na AllMusic ya rubuta cewa kundin "ya fi kyau fiye da wanda ya riga shi, fadada sauti na ƙungiyar da kuma ingantaccen abubuwan da suka gabata."
 

## Ma'aikata
An daidaita ƙididdigar daga bayanan kundin kundin.

**Laika**

* Margaret Fiedler - murya, samfur, guitar, bass guitar, Minimoog synthesizer, drums, ƙaho, injiniya, gauraya
* Guy Fixsen - murya, samfur, guitar, bass guitar, Minimoog synthesizer, drums, ƙaho, injiniya, gauraya
* Louise Elliott - sarewa
* Lou Ciccotelli - ƙwanƙwasawa
* Rob Ellis - drum, piano da aka shirya, percussion, murya ta goyon baya

**Ƙarin mawaƙa**

* Alonso Mendoza - vibraphone

**Fitarwa**

* Jai Williams - hadawa (mataimakin) 
* Liam Molloy - gauraya (mataimaki) 
* Tony Cousins - mastering

**Tsarin**

* Laika - tsari
* Rachel Fixsen - zane-zane na asali
* John Summerhayes - daukar hoto

## Manazarta
Kwamfuta mai laushi

**Kwamfutar wetware** kwamfuta ce ta halitta (wanda kuma za a iya sani da **kwakwalwar halitta ta wucin gadi** ko kuma **kwamfutar jijiya** ) wadda aka yi da kayan halitta " wetware " kamar ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi masu rai.  Kwamfutocin wetware waɗanda aka yi da ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi sun bambanta da kwamfutocin gargajiya saboda suna amfani da kayan halitta, kuma suna ba da damar yin lissafi mai inganci sosai.  Duk da cewa har yanzu kwamfutar wetware tana da ra'ayi sosai, akwai iyakataccen nasara tare da gini da samfurin samfuri, wanda ya zama shaida na aikace-aikacen gaskiya na ra'ayin ga kwamfuta a nan gaba. Samfuran da suka fi shahara sun samo asali ne daga binciken da injiniyan halittu William Ditto ya kammala a lokacin da yake Cibiyar Fasaha ta Georgia. Aikinsa na gina kwamfutar jijiya mai sauƙi wacce za ta iya ƙarawa daga ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi na leech a shekarar 1999 babban bincike ne ga manufar. Wannan bincike babban misali ne da ke haifar da sha'awar ƙirƙirar waɗannan kwakwalwar da aka gina ta wucin gadi, amma har yanzu tana da ƙwayoyin halitta.

**Kwamfutoci na kwayoyin halitta** ko Wetware fasaha ce ta gaba wacce ke maye gurbin muhimmiyar al'ada ta tsakiya na kwamfutar tebur ko kwamfutar mutum. Yana amfani da kwayoyin halitta na kwayoyin halitta masu rai waɗanda ke aiki kamar transistor na tsarin kayan aikin kwamfuta ta hanyar samun, adanawa, da kuma nazarin bayanan bayanai. Wetware shine sunan da aka ba da kaddarorin lissafi na tsarin rayuwa, musamman a cikin kwayar jijiyoyin mutum, wanda ke ba da damar daidaitawa da tsara bayanai ta hanyar hulɗar biochemical da lantarki. Wetware ya bambanta da tsarin kayan aiki saboda ya dogara ne akan hanyoyin da ke da ƙarfi kamar filastik na synaptic da rarrabawar Neurotransmitter, wanda ke ba da fa'idodi na musamman dangane da daidaitawa da ƙarfi.

## Asalin da tushe na ka'idoji
Kalmar wetware ta fito ne daga fiction na cyberpunk, musamman ta hanyar Gibson's Neuromancer, amma an ɗauke shi da sauri a cikin wallafe-wallafen kimiyya don bayyana lissafi ta hanyar kayan halitta, Ka'idodin lissafin halittu na farko da aka aro daga samfurin morphogenesis na Alan Turing, wanda ya nuna cewa hulɗar sunadarai na iya samar da alamu masu rikitarwa ba tare da iko ba. Cibiyoyin sadarwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar Hopfield sun kuma ba da tushe ga tsarin bayanai na halittu tare da haƙuri da kuskure da shirya kai.

## Manyan halaye da matakai
Tsarin rigar halittu yana nuna sake fasalin da ke da tushe ta hanyar Neuroplasticity kuma yana ba da damar ci gaba da ilmantarwa da daidaitawa. Kwamfuta mai tushe da rarrabawar amsawa da ƙofofin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin suna ba da damar sarrafa bayanai a layi daya wanda ba za a iya cimma shi ba a cikin tsarin al'ada. Wadannan tsarin kuma suna nuna haƙuri da kuskure da gyaran kai a matakin salula da cibiyar sadarwa. Ci gaban organoids na kwakwalwa - ƙananan kwakwalwa masu girma - yana nuna halayyar ilmantarwa ta kai tsaye kuma yana ba da shawarar ƙwayoyin halitta a matsayin ƙididdigar ƙididdiga mai yiwuwa.

## Manazarta
Kofin 'Yanci

**Kofin 'Yanci** ( Afrikaans   )  ƙaramin kofi ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon rugby ta ƙasa da ƙasa da ake fafatawa tsakanin Afirka ta Kudu da New Zealand, a lokacin Gasar Rugby da kuma a baya a lokacin da gasar Rugby ta gabaci Gasar Rugby, Tri Nations. An fara fafatawa a shekarar 2004 (cika shekaru 10 na dimokuraɗiyya ta Afirka ta Kudu), a wani gwaji na lokaci guda. Wasan, wanda aka buga a Ellis Park, Johannesburg, an ci shi da ci 40-26 daga Afirka ta Kudu. Duk da haka, a cikin Jerin Ƙungiyoyin Tri Nations na 2006, an fafata a dukkan wasanni uku na New Zealand da Afirka ta Kudu.

A shekara ta 2006, New Zealand ta lashe wasanni biyu na farko, inda ta lashe gasar Freedom Cup a karon farko, amma a lokacin gabatar da gasar bayan wasan bayan wasa na uku wanda Afirka ta Kudu ta lashe, mai gabatar da gasar Supersport Joost van der Westhuizen ya bai wa kyaftin din Springbok John Smit kyautar ba daidai ba, wanda ya karbe ta a gaban miliyoyin masu kallon talabijin. Daga baya an gyara kuskuren, ba tare da an watsa shi ba.

## Wasanni
*<small>  .</small>*

Tushe: 

## Sakamako

## Duba kuma
 

* Tarihin wasannin ƙungiyar rugby tsakanin New Zealand da Afirka ta Kudu

## Manazarta
Bliss Botsford

**Bliss Botsford** (26 ga Nuwamba, 1813 - 5 ga Afrilu, 1890) lauya ne, alƙali kuma ɗan siyasa a Lardin New Brunswick, Kanada . Ya wakilci Westmorland County a Majalisar Dokoki ta New Brunswick daga 1851 zuwa 1854, daga 1856 zuwa 1861 kuma daga 1866 zuwa 1870.

An haife shi a Sackville, New Brunswick, ɗan William Botsford da Sarah Lowell Murray wanda 'yar William Hazen ce. Ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Sarki a Fredericton amma bai sami digiri ba. Botsford daga nan ya yi karatun shari'a tare da William End, an kira shi zuwa kotun a 1838 kuma ya kafa aiki a Bend of Petitcodiac (wanda aka kafa a matsayin Moncton a 1855). A shekara ta 1842, ya auri Jane Chapman.

An nada Botsford a matsayin magajin gari na Moncton a 1862 kuma nan da nan aka soke dokar kafa garin don a yada bashin birni a fadin gundumar. Daga baya aka sake kafa Moncton a cikin 1875 bayan ya zama babban cibiyar jirgin ƙasa na lardin.

Botsford ya kasance abokin adawar Confederation . Ya yi aiki a matsayin kakakin Majalisar Dokoki daga 1867 zuwa 1870 kuma a matsayin memba na Majalisar zartarwa ta New Brunswick, ya kasance Babban Mai Kula da Lafiya daga Afrilu 5, 1865 zuwa Afrilu 14, 1866.

A shekara ta 1870, an nada Bliss Botsford a matsayin alƙali na kotun yankunan Westmorland da Albert. Ya kuma kasance babban jami'in 'yan bindiga na gundumar kuma mai aiki a Freemason.

Botsford ya mutu a Moncton yana da shekaru 76 bayan ya fadi yayin da yake saukowa daga matakala sannan ya fadi ta taga.

## Manazarta
Gidan Tarihin Bluegrass

**Gidan Tarihi na Bluegrass** gidan tarihi ne na gida a Winchester, Kentucky . Gidan Tarihi yana bincika tarihi da yawa, tun daga ƙauyen Eskippakithiki na Indiya (reshe na Shawnee ), zuwa Daniel Boone da mazauninsa na Boonesboro, har zuwa zamani. An rarraba abubuwan nunin a cikin benaye uku na ginin, kuma sun haɗa da amfani da ginin a matsayin asibitin likita, tarihin noma da soja na gida, da tarin barguna da wayoyin hannu.   Gidan Tarihi kuma yana da shirye-shiryen jama'a da suka shafi gadon Yaƙin Basasa na Kentucky. Gidan Tarihi kuma yana ɗauke da tarin tsohon Gidan Tarihi na Wayar Salula na Pioneer. 

## Tarihi

### Gine-gine
Gidan tarihin yana cikin wani tsohon asibitin likitanci wanda ake ɗaukarsa a matsayin Farfaɗowar Romanesque .  Mutumin da ya fara mallakar ginin likita ne mai daraja, Dr. Isma'il. Ya buɗe ofishinsa a shekarar 1887 kuma ya yi aikin likitanci har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekarar 1920. A shekarar 1927, Edward Putney Guerrant, likita, ya mayar da ginin zuwa Asibitin Guerrant da Asibiti, wanda ya kasance har zuwa farkon shekarun 1970. Ɗan Guerrant, Edward Owings Guerrant, ya shiga aikin likitanci bayan ya yi aikin soja a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Edward Putney Guerrant ya mutu a ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1964. Edward Owings Guerrant ya yi aikin likitanci har zuwa 1985 kuma ya mutu a ranar 9 ga Mayu, 1993. Ginin ya yi aiki a matsayin asibiti a ƙarshe a shekarar 1989.  Gidan tarihin ya adana wasu kayan aikin likitanci na asibitin don nunawa, da kuma ɗakin tiyata na bene na uku. 

### Tarin waya
A shekara ta 2009, gidan kayan tarihi ya zama wurin tattara kayan tarihi na Pioneer Phone Museum, wanda a da yake a ginin Bell South na Winchester. Tarin ya haɗa da wayoyin zamani, allon canzawa na farko, da sauran abubuwan tunawa da waya.

### Kiyayewa
Membobin al'ummar Winchester sun fara ƙoƙari, a shekara ta 2000, don gina gidan tarihi a tsohon asibitin, wanda aka yi watsi da shi tsawon shekaru goma sha ɗaya. A lokacin, ginin ya lalace, kuma hukumar gidan tarihi ta kiyasta cewa zai kashe rabin dala miliyan don gyara asibitin gaba ɗaya. Ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa da jami'an birni da gunduma,  gidan tarihin ya buɗe a matakai: bene na farko ya fara buɗewa, a shekara ta 2004; an gyara bene na biyu da na uku kuma an buɗe shi a cikin shekaru shida masu zuwa.

## Manazarta
Babban Asibitin Katakwi

**Babban Asibitin Katakwi**, kuma **Asibitin Katakwi** asibiti ne mallakar gwamnati a Yankin Gabashin Uganda.

## Wuri
Asibitin yana cikin tsakiyar yankin kasuwanci na garin Katakwi, a gundumar Katakwi, a yankin Teso, a yankin Gabashin Uganda. Wannan yana da nisan kimanin , arewa maso gabashin Asibitin Yankin Soroti, a birnin Soroti . 

Wannan kimanin  kudu maso yammacin Asibitin Yankin Moroto, a cikin birnin Moroto .  Daidaito na Babban Asibitin Katakwi sune: 01°55'03.0"N, 33°57'44.0"E (Latitude:1.917511; Longitude:33.962214). 

## Bayani
An kafa Babban Asibitin Katakwi a shekara ta 2004, a matsayin *Cibiyar Lafiya ta Katakwi ta IV* . A shekara ta 2011, an ɗaga ta zuwa cikakken asibiti, wanda ke yi wa marasa lafiya hidima daga Gundumar Katakwi da gundumomin da ke makwabtaka da ita kamar Amuria, Kapelebyong, Kumi, Nakapiripirit da Napak. Kamar asibitoci da yawa na gwamnati a Uganda, asibitin ba shi da ma'aikata kuma ba shi da isasshen kuɗi.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin asibitoci a Uganda

## Manazarta
Mai cin kasuwa Tekin Ergüzel

**Türker Tekin Ergüzel** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1978) farfesa ne na Turkiyya wanda ya kware a fannin fasaha na wucin gadi da ilimin kimiyyar halittu. A halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban Jami'ar Üsküdar da kuma darektan Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Lafiya. Binciken da yake so ya haɗa da hankali na wucin gadi, neuroimaging, ilmantarwa mai zurfi, da tsarin tsarin.

## Ilimi da aiki
Ergüzel ya kammala B.Sc. , M.Sc. , da Ph.D. digiri a cikin kwamfuta da sarrafa ilimi a Jami'ar Marmara a cikin 2000, 2003, da 2009, bi da bi. Rubutun nasa na biyu ya mayar da hankali kan ilimin yanar gizo na tsarin bayanai, kuma bincikensa na digiri ya magance tsarin sarrafawa ta amfani da algorithms na Genetic-Ant Colony Optimization (ACO).

A shekara ta 2012, ya shiga bangaren koyarwa na Jami'ar Üsküdar, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin farfesa da mai gudanarwa. A watan Agustan 2024, an nada shi a matsayin mataimakin shugaban Jami'ar Üsküdar.  Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin darektan Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Lafiya a wannan ma'aikatar.

## Bincike da gudummawa
Binciken Ergüzel yana mai da hankali kan aikace-aikacen hankali na wucin gadi a cikin kiwon lafiya, musamman a cikin:

* ** Neuroimaging-based AI model** don bincike da bincike.
* ** Algorithms na ilmantarwa mai zurfi** don sarrafa bayanan kiwon lafiya.
* ** Fuzzy logic da inganta dabarun** don tsarin tsarin.

Ayyukansa sun ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban kayan aikin bincike na AI a cikin kimiyyar kwakwalwa.

## Kyaututtuka da karbuwa

* Golden Axon Leadership Award, Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT), yana fahimtar gudummawar da ya bayar ga fasaha ta wucin gadi da bincike na neuroimaging.

## Littattafan da aka zaɓa

* Ergüzel, T. T., et al. "Aikace-aikacen tsarin ilmantarwa mai zurfi don neuroimaging a cikin rikice-rikice na hankali. " International Journal of Neuroscience. 2022. DOI: [10.1080/00207454.2022.2079506] ( 002074542022.2059506).
* Ergüzel, T. T., et al. "Babban rarrabawar rikicewar baƙin ciki bisa ga nau'ikan cibiyar sadarwa daban-daban: Hanyar ilmantarwa mai zurfi. " Clinical EEG da Neuroscience. 2021. DOI: 10.1177/1550059420914200.
* Ergüzel, T. T., et al. "Hanyar ilmantarwa mai zurfi ta bambanta marasa lafiya tare da rikicewar bipolar daga sarrafawa tare da daidaito mai yawa ta amfani da bayanan EEG. " Clinical EEG da Neuroscience. 2024. DOI: 10.1177/15500594211012345.

## Manazarta