Inez Baker

**(Margaret) Inez DeGraw Baker** (Janairu 6, 1921 - Maris 11, 2011) ta kasance mai fafutukar kare hakkin jama'a ta Amurka, mai kula da harkokin littattafai, uwar gida kuma 'yar siyasa 'yar Democrat wadda ta zama mace ta farko da ta wakilci Portsmouth, Virginia a Babban Taron Virginia . An fara zabarta a lokacin rikicin ' Yancin Kai na Musamman a 1959, ta yi wa'adi biyu daban-daban a Majalisar Wakilai ta Virginia . 

## Farko da rayuwar iyali
An haife ta a Baltimore, Maryland ga George DeGraw, mai gyaran jiragen ruwa, da matarsa Lucy. A lokacin ƙidayar jama'a ta 1930, iyalin sun haɗa da 'ya'ya maza biyu (George Jr. mai shekaru 12 da Raymond mai shekaru 9) da jaririyar Gertrude. A lokacin Babban Mawuyacin Halin Kunci, iyalan DeGraw sun koma Virginia. Inez ta halarci makarantun gwamnati na Portsmouth, Virginia kuma ta kammala karatunta daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Woodrow Wilson a lokacin a 1938. A ranar 1 ga Yuni, 1941, ta auri tsohon abokin karatunta, Barnabas William ("Billy") Baker, na wani dangin Portsmouth da aka kafa kuma wanda zai iya bin diddigin zuriyarsa tun zamanin mulkin mallaka.

## Sana'a
Bayan kammala karatunta, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai rubuta tarihin rayuwa da kuma mai kula da littattafai, kuma ta zauna a gida tare da iyayenta, ɗan'uwanta Raymond (wanda ya zama mai koyon aikin gyaran jiragen ruwa), da kuma 'yar'uwarta Gertrude.  A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Baker ya yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da littattafai na Red Cross ta Amurka.   Mijinta ya kasance mai tsara takardu tare da Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Amurka a lokacin yaƙin, sannan ya zama mataimakin sheriff kuma yana gudanar da harkokin motar asibiti da taksi, haka kuma ya lashe zaɓen majalisar birni na tsawon shekaru takwas kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin magajin garin Portsmouth a 1958-1960, kafin ya yi ritaya don mai da hankali kan kasuwancinsa na noma na azalea.   

Inez Baker ta tsaya takarar kujera a Majalisar Wakilai ta Virginia don maye gurbin lauya kuma ɗan uwansa Bishop John Ashton MacKenzie, kuma ta yi aiki tare da Willard J. Moody (wanda ya sake lashe zaɓe sau da yawa kuma ya wakilci birnin tsawon shekaru da dama a majalisun biyu na Majalisar Dokokin Virginia). Ba kamar Moody ba, MacKenzie da magajin ta, waɗanda lauyoyi ne kuma masu matsakaicin ra'ayi na siyasa waɗanda suka ci gaba da goyon bayan Gwamna Almond bayan ya amince da shawarwarin da alkalan tarayya da Kotun Koli ta Virginia suka yanke waɗanda suka amince da haɗakar launin fata a makarantun Virginia a 1959, Baker ya haɗu da Byrd Organization kuma ya goyi bayan Massive Resistance to launin fata. Ɗan uwansa Episcopalian kuma lauya Donald Sandie Jr. ya gaje ta tun daga watan Janairun 1960, bayan zaɓen da Baker ya lashe kashi 7% kawai na ƙuri'un da aka jefa.   Ƙiyayyarta ga harajin tallace-tallace na jihar da aka tsara shi ma bai isa ya yi nasara ba. 

Duk da haka, Baker ya sake tsayawa takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen majalisar dokoki na bazara ta 1966 a kan mai zane Glenn Yates Jr., wanda ya sake yin aiki tare da tsohuwar Moody, wacce Yates zai gaje ta a zaman majalisar na 1968.   A lokacin wa'adinta na biyu, Baker ta yi aiki tare da sauran mata uku a majalisar dokokin jihar, Mary AR Marshall ta Arlington, Marion Galland ta Alexandria da Dorothy McDiarmid ta Fairfax.  Ta sami karbuwa sosai saboda yunƙurin da ta yi na rage sabon "harajin mota" ga mutanen da ke cinikin tsofaffin motoci,  da kuma kiran a yi nazari don ba da damar fa'idodin rashin aikin yi ga ma'aikatan jiha da na gida waɗanda ba a rufe su a halin yanzu ba.  Duk da haka, Baker ta sha kaye a zaɓen fidda gwani na Democrat na gaba (Yates da sabbin shiga Lester E. Schiltz da L. Cleaves Manning duk sun fi ta rinjaye).  Don haka, ta sake yin wa'adi ɗaya kawai, kodayake majalisar dokoki ta gaba har yanzu tana da mata huɗu saboda masu zaɓe na Richmond sun zaɓi Eleanor P. Sheppard .  Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarar 1966, ta goyi bayan Sanata Willis Robertson, wani kwararre a jam'iyyar Democrat kuma mai ra'ayin Byrd Organization, wanda shi ma ya sha kaye a zaben fidda gwani, ta hannun William B. Spong, Jr., wani lauya a Portsmouth wanda Shugaba Lyndon Johnson da abokansa suka dauka don adawa da kungiyar Byrd. 

## Mutuwa da gado
Baker ta rasu a Portsmouth a shekarar 2011, mijinta (wanda zai sake yin aure a shekara mai zuwa) ya rasu da kuma 'yan'uwa mata da 'yan'uwa mata. An binne ta a makabartar Cedar Grove mai tarihi a Portsmouth. Barnabas Baker ya mutu yana da shekaru 100, kuma an binne ta da girmamawa ta soja kusa da ita a shekarar 2020. 

## Nassoshi