Nancy Coover Andreasen

**Nancy Coover Andreasen** (an haife ta a ranar 11 ga Nuwamba, 1938) ƙwararriyar masaniyar kimiyyar jijiyoyi ce kuma likitan kwakwalwa ta Amurka.  A halin yanzu tana riƙe da Shugaban Andrew H. Woods na fannin tabin hankali a Kwalejin Magunguna ta Roy J. da Lucille A. Carver da ke Jami'ar Iowa .

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Andreasen a Lincoln, Nebraska . Ta sami digirinta na farko a jami'ar Nebraska tare da manyan fannoni a Turanci, Tarihi, da Falsafa. Ta sami digirin digirgir a adabin Turanci. Ta kasance Farfesa a Adabin Renaissance a Sashen Turanci a Jami'ar Iowa na tsawon shekaru 5.  Ta buga muƙaloli na ilimi kan John Donne da littafinta na farko a fannin adabin Turanci na Renaissance: John Donne: Juyin Juya Halin Conservative.  

## Asibiti
Wata mummunar rashin lafiya bayan haihuwar 'yarta ta fari ta sa Andreasen sha'awar likitanci da bincike kan ilimin halittu ta fara, kuma ta yanke shawarar canza sana'a don yin karatun likitanci.   Ta halarci makarantar likitanci a Kwalejin Likitanci ta Jami'ar Iowa, ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1970 kuma ta kammala karatunta na ilimin tabin hankali a shekarar 1973.  A shekarar 1974, ta gudanar da bincike na farko na zamani game da kerawa wanda ya gano alaƙa tsakanin kerawa da cututtukan manic-depressive.  

A farkon aikinta ta fahimci cewa alamun rashin lafiya da nakasa ta fahimta da ke da alaƙa da su suna da tasirin da ya fi raunana alamun tabin hankali, kamar ruɗani da mafarki. Duk da cewa alamun tabin hankali suna wakiltar wuce gona da iri na ayyukan kwakwalwa/tunani na yau da kullun, alamun marasa kyau suna wakiltar asarar ayyuka na yau da kullun, misali, alogia, asarar ikon tunani da magana cikin sauƙi; rage motsin rai, asarar ikon bayyana motsin rai; kawar da kai, rashin ikon fara ayyukan da aka tsara bisa manufa; da kuma rashin ƙarfin ji, rashin ikon jin motsin rai.  Takardun da ke bayyana waɗannan ra'ayoyin sun zama littattafan tarihi na ambato, kamar yadda Cibiyar Bayanai ta Kimiyya ta ƙaddara.  Andreasen ita ce ke da alhakin haɓaka ra'ayin alamun rashin lafiya a cikin schizophrenia, bayan ta ƙirƙiri ma'auni na farko da aka yi amfani da shi sosai don kimanta alamun tabbatacce  da marasa lafiya na schizophrenia.  Ta zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu bincike a duniya kan schizophrenia . Ta ba da gudummawa ga nosology da phenomenology ta hanyar yin aiki a cikin DSM III da DSM IV Task Forces, inda ta jagoranci Ƙungiyar Aiki ta Schizophrenia don DSM IV. 

Andreasen ta fara amfani da dabarun daukar hoton jijiyoyi a manyan cututtukan kwakwalwa, kuma ta buga binciken adadi na farko na daukar hoton maganadisu na rashin daidaituwar kwakwalwa a cikin schizophrenia.  Andreasen ta zama darektan Cibiyar Binciken Lafiyar Hankali ta Iowa da kuma Kungiyar Nazarin Neuroimaging ta Psychiatric Iowa. Tana jagorantar wata kungiya mai fannoni daban-daban da ke aiki kan dabarun nazarin hotuna masu girma uku don hada daukar hoton hanyoyi daban-daban da kuma bunkasa nazarin dabarun daukar hoton tsari da aiki ta atomatik. Software da wannan kungiyar ta kirkira ana kiransa da BRAINS (Binciken Kwakwalwa: Nazarin Hotuna, Cibiyoyin Sadarwa, da Tsarin). 

Ta ci gaba da bincike game da ilimin halittar kwakwalwa na kerawa a shekarun 2000. 

## Daraja
A shekara ta 2000 Shugaba Clinton ya ba ta lambar yabo ta ƙasa ta kimiyya, babbar lambar yabo ta Amurka kan nasarorin kimiyya.  An bayar da wannan lambar yabo ne donMuhimman gudummawar da ta bayar ga kimiyyar zamantakewa da halayya, ta hanyar nazarin tunani, kwakwalwa, da halayya, ta hanyar haɗa kimiyyar halayya da fasahar ilimin jijiyoyi da kuma tunanin jijiyoyi don fahimtar hanyoyin tunani kamar ƙwaƙwalwa da kerawa, da kuma cututtukan kwakwalwa kamar su schizophrenia. Ta sami wasu kyaututtuka da dama, ciki har da kyautar Interbrew-Baillet-Latour daga Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Belgian, kyautar Lieber Schizophrenia Research Prize, da kyaututtuka da yawa daga Ƙungiyar Masu tabin hankali ta Amurka, ciki har da kyautar Bincike, kyautar Judd Marmor, da kyautar Distinguished Service Award. An zaɓe ta a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka a shekara ta 2002.  Ta kasance memba na Kwalejin Magunguna ta Ƙasa (wadda a da Cibiyar Magunguna ta Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Ƙasa ce .  An zaɓe ta don yin wa'adi biyu a majalisar gudanarwa ta ƙungiyar ta ƙarshe.  Ta jagoranci Kwamitocin Cibiyar Magunguna/Kwamitin Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Ƙasa guda biyu waɗanda suka buga rahotanni masu tasiri.   Ta yi aiki a matsayin Babban Edita na Jaridar Lafiya ta Amurka na tsawon shekaru 13.  Ta kasance tsohuwar shugabar Ƙungiyar Lafiya ta Amurka da Ƙungiyar Binciken Halayyar Dan Adam. Ita ce shugabar kafa Sashen Kimiyyar Jiki na Ƙungiyar Ci Gaban Kimiyya ta Amurka .  Ita memba ce ta Ƙungiyar Lafiya ta Jiki  kuma tana cikin Kwamitin Ba da Shawara kan Editoci na Duniya na Mens Sana Monographs . 

## Kwarewa game da nuna wariyar jinsi
Ta yi magana game da abubuwan da ta fuskanta na nuna wariyar jinsi. A farkon aikinta ta gano cewa labaranta sun fi karbuwa idan ta yi amfani da haruffan farko maimakon sunanta na farko.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Ita ce uwar 'ya'ya mata biyu. Suz Andreasen, wacce mai zane-zanen kayan ado ce wacce ke zaune a birnin New York, ta mutu sakamakon cutar kansar mahaifa a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 2010. Robin Andreasen farfesa ne a fannin Kimiyyar Fahimta a Jami'ar Delaware. Tana da aure da Kyaftin Terry Gwinn, wani jami'in soja mai ritaya wanda ya yi jigilar jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu don rangadin tafiye-tafiye 3.5 a lokacin Yaƙin Vietnam.

## Zaɓaɓɓun littattafan karatu
Ta rubuta littattafai guda uku ga jama'a:

* "Kwakwalwar da ta karye: Juyin Halitta a fannin Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam" (1983), 
* "Sabuwar Kwakwalwa Mai Jarumtaka: Cin Nasara Kan Rashin Lafiyar Hankali a Zamanin Halittar Halitta" (2001),  
* "Kwakwalwar Ƙirƙira: Ilimin Jijiyoyin Jiki na Ƙwararru".  

Ta rubuta, ta rubuta tare, ko kuma ta gyara wasu littattafai goma sha biyu na ilimi da kuma labarai sama da 600.

* John Donne: Juyin Juya Halin Masu Ra'ayin Conservative. 1967
* Littafin Rubutu na Gabatarwa game da Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam, Bugu na Huɗu na Nancy C. Andreasen da Donald W. Black
* Fahimtar cututtukan kwakwalwa: Jagorar mutum (Jerin Addini da Magunguna)
* Schizophrenia: Daga Hankali zuwa Molecule (Ƙungiyar Masana Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam ta Amurka)
* Hoton Kwakwalwa: Aikace-aikace a fannin Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam

## Manazarta