Nechama Leibowitz

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**Nechama Leibowitz** (; Satumba 3,1905&#x2013; 12  zuwa ga Afrilu,shekara ta1997) sanannen masani ne na Littafi Mai Tsarki na Isra’ila kuma mai sharhi wanda ya dawo da sha’awar nazarin Littafi Mai Tsarki. 

## Biography
Nechama Leibowitz was born to an Orthodox Jewish family in Riga two years after her elder brother, the philosopher Yeshayahu Leibowitz. The family moved to Berlin in 1919. In 1930, Leibowitz received a doctorate from the University of Marburg for her thesis, *Techniques in the Translations of German-Jewish Biblical Translations*.  That same year 1930, she immigrated to Mandate Palestine with her husband Yedidya Lipman Lebowitz. She taught at a religious Zionist teachers' seminar for the next  twenty-five years. In 1957 she began lecturing at Tel Aviv University, and became a full professor eleven years later. She also gave classes at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and other educational institutions around the country. In addition to her writings, Leibowitz commented on the Torah readings regularly for the Voice of Israel radio station.

Mijinta Yedidya Lipman Leibowitz shi ma kawunta ne kuma ba su da 'ya'ya.  A wajen jana'izar ta, yayan nata ya ce shi kamar da ne a wurinta, yawancin dalibanta sun yi mata kaddish tare da yayan ta.  Ana ganin ta a matsayin babbar abin koyi na addini ga yara masu addini a Isra'ila, kuma ƙungiyar Ne'emanei Torah Va'Avodah ta ƙarfafa tsarin makarantun gwamnati a Isra'ila don shigar da ita cikin zaɓin tarihin rayuwar da yaran Isra'ila suka yi nazari a firamare. makarantu. 

## zanen karatu
A cikin shekarar 1942,Leibowitz ta fara aikawa da tambarin tambayoyi akan karatun Attaura na mako-mako ga duk wanda ya buƙace su.Za a mayar mata da waɗannan takardun aikin da ta kira *gilyonot* (shafukan),kuma ita da kanta za ta sake duba su kuma ta mayar da su tare da gyara da sharhi.  Sun zama sananne sosai kuma a cikin bukatar mutane daga kowane ɓangare na al'ummar Isra'ila.A cikin 1954, Leibowitz ta fara buga "Nazarin" dinta,wanda ya haɗa da yawancin tambayoyin da suka bayyana a cikin takardun karatunta,tare da zaɓaɓɓun sharhin gargajiya da nata bayanin kula a kansu.Bayan lokaci,an tattara waɗannan karatun zuwa littattafai biyar,ɗaya na kowane littafi na Attaura.  Rabbi Dr.Aryeh (Laibel/Leonard) Newman ne ya fassara waɗannan littattafan zuwa Turanci daga baya.

## Salon koyarwa
Da aka tambaye ta ta bayyana hanyoyinta, koyarwsai ta amsa da cewa, “Ba ni da *wata hanya* . . . Ina koyar da abin da tafsirai suka ce kawai. Babu wani abu nawa."  An lura da ita don tawali'u haɗe da wayo, kuma koyaushe tana fifita taken "malami" fiye da "Farfesa" mafi girma.Dangane da buƙatarta, "מורה" (*morah*, "malamar") ita ce kalmar da aka rubuta akan dutsen kabarinta,banda sunanta da kwanakinta. Ta kasance mai tsauri kan yin kurakurai a cikin takaddun gwajin Ibrananci,kuma ta ƙi canjin “ Heblish ” na wasu baƙi na anglophone.

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa

* A cikin 1956, Leibowitz ta sami lambar yabo ta Isra'ila a fannin ilimi,  saboda aikinta na ƙara fahimta da fahimtar Littafi Mai-Tsarki.
* A cikin 1983, ta kasance mai karɓa (tare da Ephraim Elimelek Urbach ) na Bialik Prize don tunanin Yahudawa. 

## Ayyukan da aka buga

* *ʻIyunim be-Sefer Bereshit : be-ʻiḳvot parshanenu ha-rishonim ṿeha-aḥaronim*, 1966; Turanci: *Nazarin a Bereshit (Farawa) a cikin mahallin tsohuwar sharhin Littafi Mai Tsarki na Yahudawa na zamani*, 1971
* *ʻIyunim be-Sefer Shemot: be-ʻiḳvot parshanenu ha-rishonim ṿeha-aḥaronim*, 1969; Eng. *Nazarin a Shemot (Fitowa)*, 1976
* *ʻIyunim be-Sefer Vayikra: be-ʻiḳvot parshanenu ha-rishonim ṿeha-aḥaronim*, 1982; Eng. *Nazarin a Vayikra (Leviticus)*, 1980
* *ʻIyunim be-Sefer BaMidbar: be-ʻiḳvot parshanenu ha-rishonim ṿeha-aḥaronim*, 1994; Eng. *Nazarin a Bamidbar (Lambobi)*, 1980
* *ʻIyunim be-Sefer Devarim: be-ʻiḳvot parshanenu ha-rishonim ṿeha-aḥaronim*, 1996; Eng. *Nazarin Devarim (Kubawar Shari'a)*, 1980
* *Bayanan Taurari*, 1995
* *Nazarin kan Haggadah daga koyarwar Nechama Leibowitz*, 2002