Rashin kula da gida

PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara (Persero) (lit. , an taƙaita shi da **PLN**) kamfani ne na gwamnatin Indonesia wanda ke da iko kan Rarraba wutar lantarki a Indonesia .  PLN tana samar da mafi yawan wutar lantarki ta Indonesia, tana aiki da 46.8 GW na ƙarfin shigarwa kuma tana samar da 184.6 TWh a cikin 2024 da kanta da 343.9 TWh gami da gudummawa daga masu samar da wutar lantarki masu zaman kansu (IPPs).    An haɗa shi a cikin jerin Fortune Global 500 na 2014  da 2015.  Yana da manyan basussuka saboda kwangilar wutar lantarki mai tsada.

## Tarihi
Tarihin bangaren wutar lantarki a Indonesia ya fara ne a ƙarshen karni na 19 lokacin da masu mulkin mallaka na Holland suka shigar da janareto na farko na wutar lantarki. Mafi girma daga cikin kamfanonin rarraba wutar lantarki shine Nederlands Indische Gasmaatschappij (NIGM) wanda asalinsa kamfanin gas ne. A yakin duniya na biyu, Jafananci sun kwace iko da bangaren wutar lantarki. Bayan Indonesia ta sami 'yancin kai a ranar 17 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1945, matasan Indonesiya masu juyin juya hali sun mallaki bangaren wutar lantarki kuma sun mika kayan aikin ga gwamnatin jamhuriya. Tarihin bangaren wutar lantarki tun daga wannan lokacin ya kasance daya daga cikin ci gaba da canjin ma'aikata.

A ranar 27 ga Oktoba, 1945, Shugaba Sukarno ya kafa Jawatan Listrik dan Gas (Ofishin Wutar Lantarki da Iskar Gas) tare da ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na 157.5 MW. A ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1961, an canza ofishin Wutar Lantarki da Iskar Gas zuwa BPU PLN ('Badan Pimpinan Umum Perusahaan Listrik Negara, Babban Kwamitin Daraktoci na Kamfanonin Wutar Lantarki na Jiha) wanda ke aiki a fannonin wutar lantarki, iskar gas, da coke (Indonesia: kokas). A ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1965, an maye gurbin BPU-PLN da kamfanoni biyu mallakar gwamnati, Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN) wanda ke kula da ɓangaren wutar lantarki da Perusahaan Gas Negara (PGN). Haɗin ƙarfin janareto na wutar lantarki na PLN a lokacin shine 300 MW. Akwai ƙarin canje-canje a hukumomi a shekarun 1970, 1980, da 1990.

A watan Satumbar 2002, an gabatar da Dokar Wutar Lantarki (Dokar No. 20 ta 2002), [1] . Dokar ta soke tsarin wutar lantarki a hukumance. Sabuwar dokar ta buƙaci kawo ƙarshen ikon PLN kan rarraba wutar lantarki a cikin shekaru biyar bayan haka za a ba da izinin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu (na waje da na cikin gida) su sayar da wutar lantarki kai tsaye ga masu amfani. Dukkanin kamfanoni za su yi amfani da hanyar sadarwar PLN ta yanzu. Koyaya, Kotun Tsarin Mulki ta soke dokar a shekara ta 2004.[2] A sakamakon haka, bangaren wutar lantarki ya kasance cikin yanayin da ba a tabbatar da shi ba na wasu shekaru. An gabatar da sabuwar dokar wutar lantarki, Dokar No. 30 ta 2009, don samar da tabbacin doka mafi girma kodayake wannan aikin, ma, ya kasance mai kawo rigima saboda, kamar yadda ya faru da dokar 2002, ya ba da doka ta kawo ƙarshen ikon PLN.[3]

## Ayyuka
A farkon rabin shekara ta 2011, PLN ta samar da sa'o'i 88 (TWh). Kamfanin ya samar da kusan 24% na fitarwa ta amfani da man fetur tare da shirye-shiryen rage rabon zuwa 3% ta 2013 da 1.7% ta 2014.  Hasashen cikakken shekara (2011) yana kusa da 182 TWh (daidai da kusan 760 kWh ga kowane mutum).

### Ikon da tsari
A ƙarshen shekara ta 2015, an kiyasta jimlar ƙarfin samar da PLN (wanda shuke-shuke daban-daban suka samar a duk faɗin Indonesia) a kusan 34,262 MW. A cikin shekara ta 2016, PLN ta shirya inganta ƙarfin ƙarni da aka shigar da shi da MW 1,932.

Babban alamomi suna ƙaruwa tare da ci gaban tattalin arziki gaba ɗaya a Indonesia kodayake ci gaban kudaden shiga na kowane ɗayan da aka siyar (Rp / kWh) ya kasance mai jinkiri:

Tushen: Ofishin Kididdiga na Indonesia, *Statistik Indonesia* (bugawa ta shekara-shekara: shekaru daban-daban), Jakarta, da Statistik PLN (bugawa na shekara-sheko; shekaru daban-ара), Jakarta.

## Manazarta