Mutanen Mafa

**Mafa kuma** ana kiranta **Mafahay**, ƙabila ce da ke yankin arewacin Kamaru, Arewacin Najeriya kuma ta wanzu a wasu ƙasashe kamar Mali, Chadi, Sudan, Burkina Faso da Saliyo.

## Tarihi
Mafhay, ƙabilar Mafa, sun yi ƙaura daga Roua da Sulede (wanda ke yammacin Durum ( Mofu)), zuwa arewa maso yamma. Kabilar Bulahay kuwa, sun yi kaura zuwa yamma, tare da iyakar kudancin yankin Mafa na yanzu. Daga karshe kuma suka yi hijira zuwa arewa inda suka cakude da Mafahay, suka zama Mafa ta yanzu. 

## Mutane

Jimlar kiyasin yawan mutanen sun bambanta tsakanin 82,100  da 150,000.  Wata majiya ta 2010 ta sanya jimillar yawan mutanen Mafa kimanin 300,000.  Hallaire  ya nuna cewa yawan jama'a a yankin yana tsakanin mazauna 99 zuwa 140 a kowace murabba'in kilomita. 

A cewar Lavergne,  Mafa sun kasu kashi biyu, kasancewar 'Mafa na asali' (wanda ake kira Maf-Mafa ko 'Mafhay), da 'Bulahai'. Mutanen Mafa suna zaune ne a tsakiyar yankin Mandaras na Arewa, yanki ne da yankin Arewa na Mokolo Plateau ya kafa da kuma tsaunukan Mokolo na Arewa  An raba al'ummar Mafa zuwa yankuna da dama: Moskota; Koza; Gaboua ( gundumar Koza); ( Mokolo arrondissement ). Akwai kuma Mafa kusan 1m a Kughum ( Arewa, Najeriya ). 

Mafa na cikin rukunin harsunan Chadi. Masu magana da harshen Mafa,  tare da yaruka daban-daban guda uku: Mafa-west, Mafa-centre da Mafa-east. Tare da sauran harsuna da yawa na sauran al'ummomin Afirka (irin su Wuzlam ( Uldeme ), Muyang da Ɗugwor ( Dugur ) sun kasance wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar Mafa ta kudu. 

Kashi 83% na yawan mutanen musulmi ne, kashi 7% kirista da kashi 10% masu bin addinin gargajiya ne na Afirka. Yawan Kirista ya ƙunshi Katolika (60%) da Furotesta (30%), Sauran Kirista (7%), da Kirista masu zaman kansu (3%). 

## Noma
Noman Mafa na gargajiya sun dogara ne akan nau'ikan dabarun sarrafa ƙasa. An tsare tsaunin tuddai da filaye da aka gina, wanda a cewar marubuci, "sun kai wani yanayi na musamman".  Sauran hanyoyin aikin injiniyanci na kabilar sun haɗa da :

* noman rani 
* samar da ruwa
* magudanar ruwa

Hakazalika, manoma a yankin tsaunuka suna aiwatar da tsarin kula da haihuwa iri-iri, gami da :

* jujjuyawar kunya da haɗe shukoki
* tsarin agro-forestry
* biomass
* sarrafa kayan bunkasa noma

Har ila yau, suna amfani da tsarin kiwon dabbobi masu yawa wajen kula da haifuwar kasar nomansu. Dabbobin sun hada da kananan dabbobi da wasu kadan daga cikin adadi na shanu. A lokacin rani tsakanin Disamba da Mayu, ana barin dabbobi su yi yawo kyauta, ta yadda zai iya cinye ragowar amfanin gona da ganyen kurmin daji.

A lokacin noma, ana sanya dabbobi a cikin keji sannan a ciyar da su. Ana tattara takin da ke zuba a cikin rumbunan, a adana shi kuma a ƙarshe ya bazu a cikin filayen a ƙarshen lokacin rani. Tsanani da hazaka na sarrafa kayan abinci na Mafa an kwatanta shi da yadda ake amfani da tururuwa wajen narkar da ragowar girbi sannan a ciyar da Kaji. 

## Hakar Ma'adinai
Mutanen Mafa na amfani da hanyoyin hako ma'adinai na musamman don nemo yashi na ƙarfe da kuma amfani da shi don yin amfani da ma'adinai na magnetite a Kamaru . 

## Yesun Mafa
A cikin 1970s, limamin Katolika na Faransa François Vidil ya haɗa kai tare da al'ummar Mafa don ƙirƙirar jerin zane-zane da aka sani da *Vie de Jesus Mafa* (Rayuwar Yesu Mafa, ko kuma kawai Yesu Mafa), wanda ke kwatanta al'amura daban-daban a rayuwar Yesu ta hanyar amfani da Baƙar fata a maimakon Fari .  Waɗannan hotuna a haƙiƙa sun nuna abubuwan wasanni na zahiri na al'amuran Littafi Mai-Tsarki ta mutanen Mafa, kuma tun daga lokacin sun zama sananne a duk duniya, kuma watakila musamman a tsakanin Baƙin Amurkawa, a matsayin wani nau'i na hoto na Katolika.

Mutanen Josephites ba da dadewa ba suka koya wannan salo, wata ƙungiyar addini ta firistoci masu hidima ga Ba-Amurkawa . Tarin ya rage a makarantar hauhawa da ke Washington, DC, inda cibiyar fastoci ke ci gaba da sayar da bugu.

An kuma ƙara tsarin Yesu Mafa zuwa ɗakin karatu na Majalisar Dokokin Amurka . 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Shafin Gidan Dutsen Mandara