open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Dutsen Tenakourou

**Dutsen Tenakourou** (wanda kuma ake rubutawa; Ténakourou, Tena Kourou ko Téna Kourou) shi ne wuri mafi girma a Burkina Faso. Tsauni ne wanda yake kan iyakar Yankin *Cascades* na Burkina Faso da Yankin Sikasso na kasar Mali, ba da nisa da tushen Black Volta ba. Yana da hawa na mita 747 (2,451 ft). Tudun wani bangare ne na kasar Burkina Faso ta Kudu-Yammacin Paleozoic sandstone massif kuma an kirkireshi ne ta hanyar karkatar Plateau ta tsakiyar kasar. Yankin da ke kewaye da shi ba shi da faɗi kuma kusan mita 400 (1,312 ft) tsayi.

Tenakourou yana da nisan kilomita 46 (29 mi) zuwa Arewa maso Yammacin Sindou kuma ana iya isa ta Kankalaba. Sauran garuruwan da ke kusa da su sune Orodara a Burkina Faso da Loulouni a Mali. Daya daga cikin abubuwan jan hankali shi ne cewa taron ya ba da ra'ayi kan ƙasashe uku: Burkina Faso, Mali a nisan kilomita 3 (2 mi) da Ivory Coast a kilomita 13 (mi 8). A cikin 1974, Faransanci sun ɗora tarin duwatsu a kan taron don ɗaga hawa zuwa mita 750. Tsakanin 2003 da 2005, Ofishin Yawon Bude Ido na Burkina Faso ya shirya jerin manyan hawan tsauni don daga karfin yawon shakatawa.

Sunan Tenakourou yana nuna "Tudun Tena" a cikin yaren Dyula. Tena sunan ƙauye ne na kusan mazauna 600 waɗanda ke kwance a ƙasan ganuwa, kewaye da dausayi. Sunanta yana nufin "ku sami wurin zama anan". Kauyen yana da masallaci da makaranta, kuma wani lokacin ana gudanar da Bikin Artsabi'a.

Kodayake ana ɗaukar yankin a matsayin wuri mai zafi na bambancin tsire-tsire, har yanzu ba a kula da shi ba dangane da binciken kimiyya. Wasu daga cikin jinsunan da aka samo su ne:

* *Panicum phragmitoides*
* *Polygala* sp.
* *Schizachyrium* sp.
* *Schizachyrium exile*
* *Scleria bulbifera*
* *Sida* sp.
* *Solanum* sp.
* *Trema orientalis*
* *Vitex chrysocarpa*

An gano nau'in halittar naman gwari Scleroderma.
File:Mt Tenakourou MS 1954.JPG|Bukkar kusa da taron Tenakourou
File:Burkina 20110120 081418.jpg|Duwatsu a saman Tenakourou
File:Burkina 20110119 175308.jpg|Kauyen a gefen Dutsen Tenakourou
File:Khaya senegalensis MS 2037.JPG|*Khaya senegalensis* kusa da Dutsen Tenakourou
File:Tenakourou.jpg|Tsaunin


## Manazarta
Verona Conway

**Verona Margaret Conway** (an haife ta a ranar 13 ha watan Janairun shekara ta alif 1910 - ya mutu a ranar 19 ga watan Disamban shekara ta alif 1986) ƙwararriyar masanin ilimin tsire-tsire ce ta kasar Biritaniya kuma minista na Unitarian. Ta gudanar da bincike na kasa da kasa game da ilimin  halittu na Pennines da ilmin halittar *Cladium mariscus*.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Conway an haife ta a ranar  goma Sha uku 13  ga watan Janairun shekara ta alif 1910 a Didsbury, Manchester . Mahaifinta ya rike Shugabancin Latin a Jami'ar Manchester .  Margaret Mary Hall, mahaifiyarta, tayi karatun Classics a Newnham College . Conway ta tafi makaranta a Manchester, kafin ta karanci Kimiyyar Halitta a Jami'ar Cambridge, tare da wani bangare na II a cikin tsirrai . Bayan kuma ta kammala digirinta na farko, sai aka ba ta Yarrow Research Scholarship a Kwalejin Girton daga shekara ta 1933-36. Mai kula da karatun digirgir din ita ce Harry Godwin . An ba ta digirin digirgir a shekara ta  alif 1937, tare da kundin *karatu mai taken Studies in the autecology of Cladium mariscus R.Br.*  An buga aikinta a cikin *New Phytologist .* 

## Aikin kimiyya
Daga shekara ta alif 1936 zuwa shekara ta alif 1939, Conway ta kasance Mai Nunawa da Mataimakin Lakca a Botany a Kwalejin Westfield . Daga shekara ta 1939 zuwa  shekara ta alif 1941, a lokacin Blitz, ta kasance mai ba da agajin motar asibiti a Landan.  

Ta sa'an nan ya samu wani matsayi a cikin o Department a University of Sheffield, inda ta bincika bogs a nan kusa Hallam Moors. Ta shafe shekara guda a waje tana karatun manyan makarantun Minnesota tare da tallafi daga ƙungiyar Matan Jami'o'in Amurka . Bayan karin shekaru biyu a Jami'ar Sheffield, ta sami mukami a Cibiyar Kula da Yanayi.  A cikin shekara ta alif 1955, an nada ta darekta na Merlewood Research Station. 

An bayyana Conway a matsayin daya daga cikin kwararrun masana ilimin tsirrai da ke "kwararru kuma masu zurfin tunani."  An san ta a matsayin malami, kuma ta koyar da babban masanin kimiyyar halittu Derek Ratcliffe . 

A shekara ta alif 1982 aka zabe ta a matsayin memba mai martaba ta kungiyar kula da muhalli ta Burtaniya. 

## Daga baya aiki
Conway ya bar kimiyya a shekara ta 1961, kuma ya zama minista a Ikilisiyar Unitarian a Lancaster. Ta yi ritaya a shekara ta 1973.  Conway ta mutu a ranar 19 ga watan Disamban shekara ta 1986. 

## Zaɓaɓɓun wallafe-wallafe

* Conway, Verona M. 1936. Nazarin ilimin maganin cutar. I. Tsari da cigaba. *Sabon* Likitan Jiki 35.3: 177-204.

* Godwin, HCVM, da VERONA M. CoNWAY. 1939. Lafiyar dan adam na tashe mai tasowa kusa da Tregaron, Cardiganshire. *Jaridar Lafiyar Qasa* : 313-359.

* Conway, Verona M. 1948. Ayyukan Von Post akan rawanin yanayi. *Sabon* Likitan Jiki 47.2: 220-237.

## Manazarta
Ayakha Melithafa

**Ayakha Melithafa** (an haife ta a shekara ta 2001/2002 )  ƴar Afirka ta Kudu Ce mai rajin kare muhalli.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi

Melithafa ya fito daga Kogin Eerste, Western Cape, yankin Cape Town .  A yanzu haka kuma daliba ce a Cibiyar Kimiyya da Fasaha a Khayelitsha . 

## Ƙrfafawar yanayi
**Melithafa** na daya daga cikin yara 16, wadanda suka haɗa da Greta Thunberg, Alexandria Villaseñor, Carl Smith, da Catarina Lorenzo don gabatar da ƙorafi ga Kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Hakkokin Yaran saboda gazawa yadda ya kamata game da matsalar yanayi.

Melithafa ya kuma ba da gudummawa ga aikin 90 na 2030 na 2030 YouLead, wata kungiyar Afirka ta Kudu ta kuduri aniyar rage kaso 90 cikin 100 a 2030.  Ruby Sampson ne ya dauke ta aiki a cikin watan Maris din shekara ta 2019 don shiga Kungiyar Hadin gwiwar Matasan Afirka, inda aka ba ta damar yin gabatarwa, halartar taro da sauran al'amuran da kuma suka shafi yanayi. Ta kuma zama jami'in daukar ma'aikata na Kawancen Yankin Afirka. 

Musamman, Melithafa yana ba da shawara don haɗa muryoyi daban-daban cikin gwagwarmayar yanayi:"Yana da matukar muhimmanci ga matalauta da masu launi iri-iri su je waɗannan zanga-zangar da jerin gwanon saboda suna jin fushin canjin yanayi sosai. Yana da mahimmanci a gare su su tofa albarkacin bakinsu, don a saurari muryarsu da bukatunsu. " --- Ayakha Melithafa 

## Manazarta
Anuna De Wever

**Anuna De Wever** (an haife ta ranar 16 ga watan Yunin, 2001)  ƴar asalin Beljiyam ne mai rajin kawo sauyin yanayi kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin na gaba-gaba a jerin mutanen da ke rajin kare gurɓatar yanayi a makarantar School Strike for Climate a Belgium.

## Tarihin Rayuwa da gwagwarmaya

An haifi De Wever a Mortsel, Belgium. Tare da Kyra Gantois da Adélaïde Charlier, De Wever ya zama ɗayan manyan mutane a yajin aikin Makaranta don sauyin yanayi a Belgium.  A sakamakon haka, daga Fabrairu zuwa Mayun shekara ta 2019 suna da shafi na mako-mako a cikin mujallar *HUMO.*

Bayan yajin aiki na makaranta a Belgium-dama-dama Flemish ministar muhalli Joke Schauvliege ta zama tilas ta yi murabus bayan da da'awar da ta yi cewa Hukumar Tsaron Jihar Beljiyom tana da bayanai da ke nuna cewa yajin aikin ƙungiyar siyasa ce ta gaba.  

Bambance-bambance na mutum ya haifar da ɓarkewa a tsakanin Matasan Beljiyam don motsi na yanayi, tare da kuma tashi daga co-kafa Kyra Gantois a watan Agustan shekara ta 2019. 

De Wever ya bayyana a bikin kiɗan shekara ta 2019 Pukkelpop na kide-kide don jawo hankalin masu sauraro don yin hankali kan al'amuran yanayi. Wannan kiran ya fusata wasu masu biki wadanda suka addabi ƙungiyar tasu, suka jefa musu kwalabe na fitsari, kuma suka bi su suka koma sansaninsu, suka yi barazanar kashewa tare da rusa musu tanti, wanda hakan ya tilasta jami’an tsaro shiga tsakani.  Saboda maharan sun kasance dauke da wani nau'ikan Tutar Flanders wanda wasu kusoshi na bangaren Flemish Movement suka fi so, masu shirya taron sun hana irin wadannan tutocin daga taron, suna kwace 20.   

A watan Oktoban Shekara ta 2019, De Wever yana daga cikin matasa masu gwagwarmayar yanayi da za su tashi a kan *Regina Maris* don tafiya mai sauƙin carbon zuwa Tekun Atlantika zuwa taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Canjin Yanayi na 2019 a Santiago, Chile  

A watan Fabrairun 2020, bayan dawowa daga Kudancin Amurka, sun ɗauki horo tare da Greens – European Free Alliance a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai, ba tare da zama memba na jam’iyyar ba. 

De Wever ba jinsi ba ne.

## Kyaututtuka

* A watan Mayu 2019, De Wever da Kyra Gantois tare suka karɓi kyautar Ark na Kyautar Kalmar . 
* A watan Satumba na 2019, De Wever da Adélaïde Charlier sun karɓi Amnesty International Belgium ta Ambasada na Lamirin Lamiri a madadin Matasa don Yanayi. 

## Manazarta
Ellie Highwood

**Ellie Highwood** (an hafeta a shekarar 1961) farfesa ce a fannin ilimin kimiyyar yanayi a jami’ar karatu kuma ta kasance shugaban wannan sashen daga shekara ta  2012 har zuwa shekara ta 2015.  Ta kasance memba a cikin RMetS Council da Kwamitin Ilimi. A ranar 1 ga watan Oktoban shekara ta 2016 ta zama 81st shugaban kasar na Royal meteorological Society (RMetS).

Highwood ta karanci kimiyyar lissafi a jami’ar Manchester sannan ya yi karatun digiri na uku a jami’ar karatu . Binciken nata ya maida hankali ne kan abubuwan da suka shafi yanayi a cikin yanayi, musamman tasirin aerosol kan canjin yanayi da kwaikwayon yanayin yanayi. 

A shekara ta 2015 kuma ta dauki matsayin Dean na Banbanci da Hadawa a Jami'ar Karatu, wanda rabo ne tare da Farfesa Simon Chandler-Wilde.

An tattauna aikin nata a cikin fitattun littattafai, kamar su *Independent* da BBC . Ta ya bayar da hujjar cewa sanyaya duniya artificially ta "alura kankanin na nuna barbashi cikin yanayi" (kamar yadda samarwa da Paul Crutzen, misali)  zai iya haddasa "(fari) da sauyin yanayi hargitsi" a matalauta kasashen,  albeit tare da faɗi cewa zai zama "hankali ne don kawai bincika wasu hanyoyin da za su iya taimaka mana a cikin shekarun da suka gabata".

## Littattafan da aka zaba

* Myhre, Gunnar, et al. Sabbin alkalumman tilas na tilasta radiyo saboda iskar gas mai hade da iska mai kyau. " Haruffa masu bincike na Geophysical 25.14 (1998): 2715-2718.
* Highwood, EJ, da BJ Hoskins. "Troungiyoyin wurare masu zafi." Jaridar kwata na Royal meteorological Society 124.549 (1998): 1579-1604.
* Tanré, D., et al. "Gwaji da samfurin samfurin tasirin tasirin ƙurar saharar: Siffar Gwajin Saharar Sahara (SHADE)." Jaridar Nazarin ilimin lissafi: Atmospheres (1984-2012) 108. D18 (2003).
* Highwood, Eleanor J., et al. "Haskakawar iska da tasirin kai tsaye na ƙurar Sahara wanda aka auna ta jirgin saman C ‐ 130 yayin Gwajin usturar Sahara (SHADE): 2. Tsarin ƙasa. " Jaridar Nazarin ilimin lissafi: Atmospheres (1984-2012) 108. D18 (2003).
* Abel, Steven J., da dai sauransu. "Juyin halittar kona kayan aerosol daga gobarar noma a kudancin Afrika." Haruffa Na Bincike na Geophysical 30.15 (2003).

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Ganawa ga Mungiyar Sararin Samaniya
Ada Hayden

**Ada Hayden** ( an haife ta a ranar goma Sha hudu 14 ga watan Agustan shekara ta alif 1884 kuma ta mutu a ranar 12 ga watan Agustan ta alif  1950 ) wata Ba'amurkiya ce masaniniyar ilimin tsirrai, mai ilmantarwa, kuma mai kiyayewa. Ita ce mai kula da Jami'ar Iowa ta Herbarium, wacce aka sauya mata suna zuwa Hay Hayden Herbarium (ISC) don karrama ta a shekara ta 1988.  A yayin aikin ta, ta kara samfuran samfu 40,000 zuwa herbarium.  Karatunta da aikin kiyayewa sun kasance masu mahimmanci musamman don tabbatar da adana babban prairie mai tsayi. 

The Hayden Prairie State Adana, yanki na farko da aka keɓe azaman kiyayewa a ƙarƙashin Dokar Tsaron Jiha ta Iowa a shekara ta 1965, an laƙaba mata suna don girmama ta.   Har ila yau kuma an lasafta ta a cikin girmamawarta shi ne Ada Hayden Park Park a Ames, Iowa.

## Yara da ilimi
Ada Hayden an haife ta a ranar goma Sha hudu 14 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1884 kusa da Ames, Iowa ga Maitland David Hayden da Christine Hayden. Yayin da yake makarantar sakandare, Louis Hermann Pammel ya zama jagoranta. Ta yi digirin farko a Kwalejin Iowa State a shekara ta 1908, tana karatun tsirrai, digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Washington a St. Louis a shekara ta 1910, da kuma Ph.D. daga Jihar Iowa a cikin shekara ta 1918. Ita ce mace ta farko kuma mutum na huɗu da ya karɓi digirin digirgir daga kwalejin Iowa.  

## Ayyuka
Hayden ta koyar da ilimin tsirrai a matsayin malama a Jihar Iowa daga shekara ta 1911, kuma ta ci gaba da wannan rawar har sai da ta yi digirgir digirgir. Ta zama mataimakiyar farfesa a fannin ilimin tsirrai a cikin shekara ta 1920, kuma mataimakiyar farfesa a Filin Gwajin Noma (Lakes Region) kuma mai kula da ganye a shekara ta alif 1934. Ta yi aiki tare tare da Louis Pammel da Charlotte King, suna ba da gudummawa ga *The Weed Flora na Iowa*  a shekara ta (1926) da *Honey Plants na Iowa* a shekara ta alif (1930). 

Ta mai da hankali kan tsire-tsire masu tsirrai na yankin tafkuna, kuma an yaba mata da "mai yiwuwa ne mafi kyawun binciken ƙwararan nativean… na kowane yanki na Iowa". Ta kasance farkon mai ba da shawara game da adana prairie, rubutu da magana a cikin goyon bayanta. A shekara ta alif 1944, ita da JM Aikman sun fitar da wani rahoto wanda ke nuna wuraren da za a iya kiyayewa a Iowa kuma Hayden ya zama darektan "Project Prairie". Ta tsara tsare-tsare na bayanai masu dacewa don yanke shawara game da mallakar ƙasa, tana aiki tare da Hukumar Kula da Statearfafawa ta Jiha (SCC) don siyan yankunan filayen relict. 

Ta kasance mamba a cikin ƙungiyar Lafiyar Jama'a ta Amurka tsawon shekaru. 

Ada Hayden ya mutu sakamakon cutar kansa a shekara ta alif 1950, tana da shekara sittin da biyar 65.

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

*    
* Takardun Ada Hayden a Laburaren Jami'ar Jihar Iowa .
* "Masanin Botanist, Dan Kwallan Kwando, da kuma Masanin kiyaye Budding: Shekarun Dalibin Ada Hayden a Jihar Iowa"
* Ada Hayden Digital Collection  a Iowa Jami'ar Jami'ar Jihar

## Manazarta
Fatna El Bouih

**Fatna El Bouih** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1956) 'yar Maroko ce mai rajin kare hakkin ɗan Adam kuma marubuciya. An daure ta tsawon shekara biyar a tsawon Shekarun Gubar, ta ci gaba da aikinta, musamman a matsayin mai rajin kare hakkin mata, kan sakin nata. Tarihinta na kwarewa a lokacin Shekarun Gubar an buga shi a cikin fassarar Ingilishi a matsayin *Magana game da Duhu* a cikin shekara ta 2008.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Fatna El Bouih a shekara ta 1956 a Ben Ahmed, kasar Morocco. Mahaifinta, malami, ya ƙarfafa ta ta tafi makaranta. 

A matsayinta na dalibi a lokacin Shekarun Jagoranci, ta zama mai gwagwarmaya tare da zanga-zangar matasa masu hagu, tana kira ga dimokiradiyya a matsayin memba na Kungiyar Hadin gwiwar Makarantar Sakandare ta Kasa. An kama ta a cikin shekara ta 1974 a matsayin jagorar yajin aikin ɗaliban makarantar sakandare, amma an sake ta bayan ta kwana a kurkuku. A cikin shekara ta 1977, an sake kama ta a lokacin kamen mambobi da yawa na kungiyar Marxist "Maris 23". A wannan karon, ta yi shekara biyar a kurkuku, inda aka azabtar da ita. Koyaya, saboda gudummawar hadin kai tsakanin fursunonin, ta sami kuma damar samun kyakkyawan yanayin tsarewa, matsayin fursunonin siyasa, da kuma damar ci gaba da karatunta. Ta yi digiri da digiri na biyu yayin da take kurkuku.  

Bayan tashi daga kurkuku, El Bouih ta koyar da Larabci a wata makaranta a Casablanca kuma ta fara rubuta labarai. Ta shiga Union de l'Action Féminine (the Union of Women Action), karkashin jagorancin Latifa Jbabdi, wanda kuma ya kasance fursunan siyasa a cikin shekara ta 1970s. Bayan fewan shekaru daga baya, ta zama memba na kafa Kungiyar Kula da gidajen yari na Moroccan da theungiyar Maroko don Gaskiya da Adalci, duka an kafa su ne a cikin shekara ta 1999 a ƙarshen Shekarun Jagora. Kungiyar don Gaskiya da Adalci ita ce ƙungiya ta farko don waɗanda aka cutar da siyasa a cikin Shekarun Jagora, wanda ya kasance share fage ga Kwamitin ƙarfafawa da sulhu wanda Sarki Mohammed VI, wanda ya gaji Hassan na II a shekara ta 1999 ya ƙirƙira shi a shekara ta 2004. El Bouih ya kuma yi aiki tare da National Institute for Solidarity with Women in Distress don tallafa wa matan da ke fama, musamman mata masu ciki waɗanda ke cikin kurkuku. 

El Bouih ya rubuta litattafai da yawa da wasu wallafe-wallafe kan Shekarun Jagora, makomar fursunonin siyasa, da cin zarafin mata. Littafinta na farko, abin tunawa da abubuwan da ta samu mai taken *Hadit al-atama*, an buga shi a shekara ta 2001; an sake shi a cikin Faransanci shekara guda bayan haka da sunan *Une femme nommée Rachid*, kuma a Turanci a shekara ta 2008 a ƙarƙashin Sunan *Duhu* . Sauran sanannun ayyuka sun haɗa da *Atlasyat, témoignages des coulisses de l'histoire* (2006).    

## Manazarta
Kada City F.C.

**Kada City Football Club** kungiyar kwallan kafa ne a Nijeriya kwallon kafa kulob na birni a Kaduna a halin yanzu gasar a karo na biyu bene na Najeriya kwallon kafa league, Nigeria National League

## Tarihi
Kada city Fc klub dn garin an kirkireshi ne domin bunkasa cigaban kwallon kafa a cikin jihar kaduna.  Sunyi bikin bayyana su a hukumance a cikin watan Fabrairun 2018. 

Kada City ta samu nasarar buga wasan share fagen shiga gasar cin kofin Najeriyar na shekarar 2018 a kan Bendel Insurance FC kuma ta fara buga gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya a karon farko a shekarar 2019. 

## Kungiyar yanzu
Kamar yadda na 11 watan  Fabrairu 2019
 

## Manazarta
KamaGames

**KamaGames** mai haɓaka wasanni ne kuma mai buga wasannin wayoyin hannu da sadarwar jama'a, gami da *Pokerist Texas Poker* . KamaGames babban mai haɓakawa ne kuma mai buga wasannin gidan caca na zamantakewa, wanda ke cikin Dublin, Ireland. An kafa shi a cikin shekara ta, 2010, kamfanin tun lokacin ya kafa kansa a matsayin babban ɗan wasa a masana'antar caca ta kan layi, tare da 'yan wasa sama da miliyan 150 a duk duniya.

## Kayayyaki da dandamali
KamaGames ya haɓaka gidan caca da taken wasa na nishaɗi, galibinsu kyauta ne-wasa .

* *Pokerist: Texas Poker* - Tsarin gidan caca na Texas ya riƙe bambance-bambancen poker na dandamali na wayar hannu. An jera shi a matsayin ɗayan Besta'idodi Mafi Kyawu na shekara ta, 2012 na Apple  kuma an ba shi Top App ta Opera a cikin shekara ta, 2012 a cikin rukunin Wasannin Katin.  Tun shekara ta, 2011, ana nuna shi koyaushe tsakanin Manhajojin App na Amurka 'Manyan Manyan Manhajoji 100.  *Akwai Pokerist* don iOS, Android, Bada, Facebook, VK, Odnoklassniki, da Mac .  
* *Roulettist*
* *Mai Kasancewa*
* *Kwai Punch2*
* *[[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] Social Poker*
* *Manchester United Yanayin Caca*
* *AEW Casino: Biyu ko Babu* 

## Nau'in wallafe-wallafe
KamaGames introduced a publishing programme a cikin watan Janairu shekara ta, 2013 to create partnerships with developers of mobile games. This programme offers development studios a minimum investment to fund their game's soft launch and support services.

## Tarihi
KamaGames hedkwatar ƙasashen duniya suna cikin Dublin, Ireland. KamaGames an kafa shi ne a shekara ta, 2010.  KamaGames a halin yanzu yana aiki tare da ƙungiyar masu haɓaka daga Rasha, Amurka da Indiya.

## SCi Ikon 25 Rating
A ranar 8 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta, 2013 KamaGames ya kasance a lamba 14 a cikin SCi Power 25 Rating ta Social Casino Intelligence. SCi Power 25 Rating ana tattara shi kowace shekara don bambanta shugabannin masana'antu a duk duniya. 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* 
* Sports Betting Online
Papa Idris

**Papa Idris** (an haife shi a ranar 27 ga watan Yuli  shekarar 1989) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Nijeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron baya .

## Klub din
Idris ya fara taka leda a matsayin babban dan kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Kaduna United FC da kuma Kano Pillars FC .  A ranar 28 ga watan Maris 2013, an ba da sanarwar cewa shi da ɗan Reuben Gabriel za su haɗu da Kilmarnock na Firimiya ta Firimiya a matsayin wakilai na kyauta,  kuma duk sun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru uku a mako mai zuwa. 

An dakatar da kwantiragin Idris ne a karshen watan Yunin 2013, ba tare da ya fito fili karo daya ba.  Kulob din ya tabbatar da tafiyar watanni uku bayan haka,  kuma ya koma kasarsa ta haihuwa tare da komawa Gombe United FC tsawon shekara guda. 

## Manazarta
 

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* 
*
Al'adun algae

**Gonakin Algae** wurare ne da ake shuka algae don amfanin kasuwanci. Mutanen da ke aikin noman algae an ce suna cikin algaculture. ... Wasu daga amfanin algae na kasuwanci da aka shuka akan gonakin algae sun hada da canza launin abinci, takin zamani, maganin bioplastics, abincin sinadarai, magunguna, kula da gurbatar yanayi, da mai.  

## Manazarta
Marietta Pallis

**Marietta Pallis** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1882-ta mutu a shekara ta 1963) wata Greek -Briton ecologist da Botanical artist. An san ta da bincike a cikin tsirrai na ruwa, musamman Norfolk Broads da Danube Delta gami da kirkirar shimfidar wuraren ibada.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Pallis a Bombay, ofar mawaƙiyar Girkanci kuma mai gyara harshe Alexandros Pallis . Ta koma Ingila tun tana shekara 12  kuma ta girma ne a Liverpool. 'Yan uwanta shine Marco Pallis, marubuci kuma mai hawa dutse wanda yayi rubutu game da Tibet. Daga shekara ta 1904 zuwa shekara ta 1907 ta yi karatun tsirrai a Jami’ar Liverpool kuma ta halarci Kwalejin Newnham, Cambridge daga shekara ta 1910 zuwa shekara ta 1912.  Pallis ta yi hayar daga baya ta mallaki gonar Long Gores, mallakar marshland a Hickling, Norfolk. 

Pallis tayi nazarin plav, tsarin reed na Danube Delta ; rubuta takarda don mujallar ƙungiyar Linnaean a shekara ta 1916. 

Bayan rasuwar mahaifinta a shekara ta 1935, Pallis ta yi tafiya zuwa gabashin Bahar Rum tare da takwararta Phyllis Clark. Ta sayi dukiyar Long Gores a cikin shekara ta 1935, ta dasa samfurorin da ta samo yayin tafiyarta, kuma ta gina sutudiyo da gareji. Pallis an kirkireshi a Long Gores wurin ibada na Girka wanda yake dauke da Double Headed Eagle Pool, wani tafki mai dauke da tsibiri mai siffar kambun sarauta, mai mikakkiyar kamuwa da mikiya Byzantine mai dauke da Papal Cross, gicciyen kakannin Constantinople da ita. Sannan mallaka baqaqen Girka  Ta ci gaba da rubutu a kan tarihin Girka da ƙirƙirar ƙasidu a ƙarshen shekara ta 1950s da farkon shekara ta 1960s game da abin da ta kira "ilimin falsafa". 

Pallis ya mutu a Norwich, yana da shekaru 81. An binne ta tare da abokiyarta Clark a kusa da Norfolk Broads a tsibirin tsibiri na Double Headed Eagle Pool.  Itace bishiyar *Fraxinus pallisiae* an mata suna.

## Ayyuka

* 'Kogin-kwarin gabashin Norfolk: tsarin halittun ruwa da na fen', a cikin AG Tansley, ed., *Nau'o'in ciyawar Burtaniya*, Cambridge University Press, 1911, pp.&nbsp;214–45
* 'A kan dalilan da ke haifar da gishirin Broads of the River Thume', 'Geographical Journal *, Vol. 27 (1911), shafi na.&nbsp;284–91*
* 'Tsarin da tarihin plav: abubuwan shawagi na yankin Danube', *Jaridar Linnean Society: Botany*, Vol. 43, A'a. 291 (1916), shafi na.&nbsp;233–90
* *Manyan al'amuran ciyayi na Turai*, 1939
* *Tebur a tarihin Girka*, 1952
* *Rashin ikon peat da asalin Norfolk Broads*, 1956
* *Attemptoƙari ga wata sanarwa game da mahimmin sashi kamar yadda ƙirar ta nuna a Delta na Danube*, 1958
* *Speciesungiyar jinsin, da kuma archetypal, na farko da na ciyayi*, 1960
* *Matsayin fen da asalin Norfolk Broads*, 1961
* *Rukunin jinsunan, Naúrar III*, 1963.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Marietta Pallis Films: 1926 Hickling, Norfolk  . Taskar Fina-Finan Anglian Gabas.
Daniela Jacob

**Daniela Jacob** (an haife ta a ranar 20 ga watan Yunin shekara ta alif dari tara da sittin da daya 1961) Bajamushe ce  masanin kimiyyar yanayi. Tana kuma shugabantar Cibiyar Kula da Yanayi ta Jamus (GERICS)  kuma farfesa ce mai ba da shawara a Jami'ar Leuphana ta Lüneburg.

## Tarihin rayuwa
Yakubu ta karanci ilimin yanayi ne daga shekara ta 1980 zuwa shekara ta 1986 a Jami’ar Fasaha ta Darmstadt kuma ta karbi digirin digirgir a shekara ta alif dari tara da casa'in da daya 1991 daga Jami’ar Hamburg. 

## Aiki
Binciken Yakubu ta mai da hankali ne kan samfurin yanayi na yanki da sake zagayowar ruwa. 

Yakubu tana daya daga cikin manyan marubutan Rahoton Bincike na Biyar na IPCC  kuma ya kasance mai jagorantar jagorancin marubucin rahoton na Musamman kan dumamar yanayi na 1.5 ° a shekarar C (2018). 

Yakubu itace babban edita kuma mai kirkirar Elsevier journal Climate Services.  Har ila yau, ita ce mai tsarawa, tare da Eleni Katragkou da Stefan Sobolowski, na EURO-CORDEX, wata kimiyyar kimiyya game da samfurin yanayin yanki na Turai.

## Zaɓaɓɓun wallafe-wallafe

* Daniela Jacob: ''Klimaabkommen: Paris lebt.'' A cikin: *Die Zeit .* 2 Yuni 2017.
* Daniela Yakubu, Lars katange, Ole Bøssing Christensen, Jens Hesselbjerg Christensen, Manuel De Castro, Michel Deque, Filippo Giorgi, Stefan Hagemann, Martin Hirschi, Richard Jones, Erik Kjellström, Geert Lenderink, Burkhardt Rockel, Enrique Sanchez, Karin Schaer, Sonia na Seneviratne, Samuel Somot, Aad Van Ulden da Bart Van Den Hurk (2007). Misali-kwatancen yanayin yanki na yanki na Turai: aikin kwalliya a cikin yanayin yau. Canjin Yanayi, 81 (1), 31-52. 

## Manazarta
Cibiyar Cigaban Ɗan Adam ta Duniya

**Cibiyar Ci gaban** Ɗan Adam ta Duniya (ICHD) ƙungiya ce ta tunani da ƙungiya mai zaman kanta a kasar Armenia. An kafa ta a cikin Maris na shekara ta 2000. ICHD tana gudanar da ayyuka daban-daban a ɓangarorin haɗin kan yankin / gina zaman lafiya; karfafa zamantakewar jama'a; kyakkyawan shugabanci da nuna gaskiya; ci gaban tattalin arziki; mulkin gida, ƙaura, kiwon lafiya na farko; al'ada. 

Tun daga shekara ta 2007, memba ne na cibiyar sadarwa ta PASOS na masu tunani masu zaman kansu a Tsakiya da Gabashin Turai da Asiya ta Tsakiya.

Lissafin Global Think Tank Index ya zaba ICHD tsakanin manyan cibiyoyin tunani guda 25 na Gabashin Turai a shekara ta 2008  kuma daga cikin manyan guda 30 a Tsakiya da Gabashin Turai a shekara ta 2009.

## Manazarta
Joyashree Roy

**Joyashree Roy** (an haife ta a ranar 1, ga watan Oktoban shekara ta alif dari tara da hamsin da bakwai miladiyya 1957)  'yar kasar Indiya ne  masanin tattalin arziki, makamashi, da masanin kimiyyar yanayi. Ta naɗa sabuwar Kujerar Bangabandhu a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Asiya (AIT) a cikin shekara ta 2018.

## Rayuwa.
Roy ta sami digirin digirgir daga Jami'ar Jadavpur. Ta kuma kasance 'yar majalisar Indiya ce ta Kimiyyar Zamani da Kwarewa sannan kuma abokiyar karatun digiri na biyu a Gidauniyar Ford Foundation a Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. A jami'ar Jadavpur, tayi aiki a sashen tattalin arziki. 

An kaddamar da kujerar Bangabandhu a cikin makamashi mai dorewa a ranar 15, ga watan Maris, na shekara ta 2018, bayan sanya hannu kan wata wasika ta niyya tsakanin Cibiyar Fasaha ta Asiya da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Gwamnatin Bangladesh . 

## Aiki
Roy's ta .dauki cikakkiyar hanya ga binciken makamashi mai dorewa, kamar yadda ta danganta ga tsara manufofi, kuma ta jaddada yanayin duniya da bangarori da dama na rikicin yanayi .

Roy tana daya daga cikin marubutan rahoton kididdiga na hudu na IPCC a shekarar (2007),  kwamitin da ya sami lambar yabo ta Nobel ta zaman lafiya Har ila yau, tana daya daga cikin mawallafin rahoton na IPCC na Musamman kan Dumamar Duniya na 1.5 ° C (2018). 

## Zababbun wallafe-wallafe.

* J. Roy: *Sakamakon sake dawowa: wasu tabbatattun shaidu daga Indiya.* A cikin: *Manufar Makamashi .* 28ungiyar 28, Nr. 6-7, 2000, S. 433–438.
* E. Worrell, L. Bernstein, J. Roy, L. Price und J. Harnisch: Ingancin *kuzarin masana'antu da rage canjin yanayi.* A cikin: *Ingantaccen Inganci.* Rukuni na 2, Nr. 2, 2009, S. 109.
* S. Dasgupta und J. Roy: *Fahimtar ci gaban fasaha da farashin shigarwa a matsayin direbobi na bukatar makamashi a masana'antu a Indiya.* A cikin: *Manufar Makamashi .* Bandungiyar 83, 2015, S. 1-13.

## Manazarta.
Humanists International

**Humanists International** (wanda akafi sani da **Ƙungiyar Ƴancin ɗan'Adam da Ɗabi'a ta Duniya**, ko **IHEU**, daga  shekara ta alif dubu daya da dari tara da hamsin da biyu 1952 &#x2013; zuwa shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha’tara 2019) ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta ta duniya da ke fafutukar neman wariyar addini da 'yancin ɗan adam , wanda ɗabi'un mutane masu kishin addini ke motsa shi. An kafa ta a Amsterdam a cikin Shekara ta alif dubu daya da dari tara da hamsin da biyu 1952, ƙungiya ce ta laima wacce ta ƙunshi sama da mutane dari da sttin 160 masu ra'ayin ɗan adam, mara addini, mai hankali, mai shakka, sassaucin ra'ayi , ƙungiyoyin al'adu daga ƙasashe tamanin 80.

Ƙungiyoyin 'yan Adam na nasa ta Duniya suna yaƙin neman zaɓe a duniya a kan batutuwan da suka shafi haƙƙin ɗan adam, tare da bayar da takamammen ƙarfi don kare' yancin tunani da faɗar albarkacin baki da kuma haƙƙin waɗanda ba sa bin addini, waɗanda galibi 'yan tsiraru ne masu rauni a yawancin sassan duniya. Kungiyar tana zaune ne a Landan amma tana cigaba da kasancewa a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Kare Hakkin Dan-Adam a Geneva, da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a New York, da kuma Majalisar Turai a Strasbourg, a tsakanin sauran cibiyoyin duniya. Aikinta na ba da shawarwari kan mayar da hankali kan tsara muhawara kan batutuwan da suka shafi mutuntaka, hakkokin wadanda ba na addini ba, da kuma inganta halayyar dan Adam ga al'amuran zamantakewa.

Ƙungiyar 'yan Adam ta Duniya tana aiki musamman wajen ƙalubalantar sabo da dokokin ridda a duniya da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya . *Rahotonta na 'Yancin Tunani na* shekara-shekara yana nuna ƙasashen duniya ta hanyar kula da waɗanda ba na addini ba da kuma himmarsu ga' yancin tunani da faɗar albarkacin baki. Yin aiki tare da ƙungiyoyin membobinta, yana kuma taimakawa wajen daidaita tallafi ga waɗanda ke guje wa haɗari daga jihohin da ke gallaza wa waɗanda ba sa addini . 
 Sannan yana ba da shawara ga tsarin ɗan adam game da batutuwan zamantakewar jama'a daban-daban, yana ba da gudummawa ga muhawara ta ɗabi'a da jayayya game da lafiyar jima'i da haihuwa da haƙƙoƙin, haƙƙin LGBT, haƙƙin yara da haƙƙin mata, da adawa da bautar da nuna bambanci .

## Ɗan Adam a matsayin rayuwa.
Sanarwar ta Amsterdam ta ayyana 'yan Adam a matsayin "rayuwa" wacce ke "dabi'a", "mai hankali", mai goyon bayan "dimokiradiyya da' yancin dan adam", yana mai cewa "dole ne a hada kan 'yanci tare da nauyin zamantakewar al'umma"; shi ne "madadin addini mai gasgatawa"; yana da kimar "kerawar kere kere da tunani" kuma ana nufin rayuwa mai "cikawa" ta hanyar ikon "binciken kyauta", "kimiyya" da "kirkirarrun tunani".

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* 
* Yanar gizo na Rahoton 'Yanci na Tunani
* Karshen kamfen din Lauyoyin Zagi
Ƙadangare

**Ƙadangare** jam'in shi shi ne **ƙadangaru**, mace kuma ana ce mata **ƙadangaruwa**.  yana daga cikin dabbobi masu tafiya da ƙafa huɗu a wani bincike kuma ana cewa yana daga dabbobi masu rarrafe. Kuma kusan ko'ina a faɗin duniya ana samun shi, sai dai kaɗan daga cikin wasu yankuna irinsu, Antaktika da Island. Ƙadangare da mage. Ƙadangaru suna nan nau'i daban-daban wato kala-kala akwai ja, baƙi mai ratsin fari, yalo da dai sauran kaloli. Haka kuma, Nau'ukan ƙadangaru *(species)* ya kai dubu shida (6,000).  

Ƙadangaru suna faɗa da junansu musamman maza daga cikinsu kuma mafi akasari suna faɗan ne saboda mata.

Ƙadangaru suna cin ƙwari ne a matsayin abincinsu amma wani lokacin suna cin abincin da mutane suke ci kamar tuwo, wake da sauransu. Mafi akasarin ƙadangaru ƙanana ne girman su madaidaici ne, kamar tsaka Ko da yake tsaka tana cikin jinsin ƙadangaru. Mafi yawan ƙadangaru ƙwai suke yi don haihuwa, sukan yi ƙwai kusan ɗari.
Haka kuma Hausawa na yin wata karin magana wai "ƙadangaren bakin tulu a ƙyale shi ya ɓata ruwa a kashe shi a fasa tulu" ma'anar wannan karin magana shi ne (wato kamar idan wani mutum ya matsa wa wani, kuma shi bai da ikon rabuwa da wanda ya matsa mashi ɗin), shi kenan wannan mutumin ya zame ma shi ƙadangaren bakin tulu. 
Ƙadangare mafi girma a duniya shi ne ***Komodo dragon***. 

## Manazarta
Tessa Khan

**Tessa Khaná** lauya ce da ke zaune a Ingila. Ta kasance mataimakiyar darakta ta cibiyar shigar da ƙararraki kan yanayi, wacce ke tallafa wa shari'o'in da suka shafi sauyin yanayi da adalci a kan yanayi. Khan ta bayar da hujjar cewa gwamnatocin ƙasashe suna sane suka ci riba daga hawan matakan carbon dioxide kuma suka haifar da illa ga muhalli, gami da kasancewa wani bangare na mahimmin yanayin duniya.

## Tarihin Rayuwa

A Tailandia tayi aiki ga wata ƙungiyar kare Haƙƙin dan adam ta mata.  Yayin da take can a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha biyar 2015 ta samu labarin hukuncin da wata kotu ta yanke a Hague inda ta umarci Netherlands ta rage hayakin da take fitarwa. Ganin wannan lamarin ne ya ba shi kwarin gwiwa, Khan ya koma London don shiga kungiyar lauyoyi ta Urgenda Foundation a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha shida 2016. \ 
 

Ta tallafawa shari'oi a cikin Netherlands da Ireland waɗanda suka yi nasarar ƙalubalantar dacewar shirye-shiryen gwamnati don rage hayaƙi. Kuma a watan Disamba, shekara ta dubu biyu da goma sha tara 2019, a cikin Netherlands Netherlands. Shari'ar Gidauniyar Urgenda, Kotun Koli ta Netherlands ta umarci gwamnati da ta kara karfin tashoshin samar da makamashin kwal tare da kula da kusan Yuro biliyan ukku 3 na saka jari don yanke hayakin da yake fitarwa.  Guardian ta bayyana nasarar a matsayin "shari'ar yanayi mafi nasara har zuwa yau." 

A watan Agusta na shekarar dubu biyu da ashirin 2020, a cikin abin da aka sani da Climate Case Ireland, Kotun Koli ta Ireland ta yanke hukuncin cewa dole ne gwamnatinta ta yi sabon shiri kuma mafi girma don yanke carbon.   Kasar Ireland itace ta uku a yawan gurbatacciyar iskar gas mai gurbata muhalli tsakanin kasashen Tarayyar Turai. 

Tessa Khan ta amshi kyautar karramawar yanayi a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha takwas 2018.  *Lokaci ya* saka mata a cikin jerin mata na goma sha biyar 15 da suka jagoranci yaki da canjin yanayi.

## Manazarta
Babban coci na Regina Mundi, Bujumbura

**Babban coci na Regina Mundi** (Faransanci: *Cathédrale Regina Mundi de Bujumbura*, a zahiri "Cathedral na Sarauniyar Duniya a Bujumbura") cocin Katolika ne a cikin garin Bujumbura, tsohon babban birnin ƙasar Afirka ta Burundi.

Yana aiki ne kuma a matsayin hedkwatar Archdiocese na Bujumbura (Latin: *Archidioecesis Buiumburaensis*) wanda Paparoma Benedict XVI ya kirkira a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba, 2006 ta hanyar bijimin *Cum ad aptius*.

Bi tsarin Roman ko Latin kuma an haɗa shi cikin lardin cocin na Bujumbura. Yana karkashin kulawar makiyaya na Akbishop Evariste Ngoyagooye.

## Manazarta
Filin shakatawa na Ruvubu

**Filin shakatawa na Ruvubu,** wani wurin shakatawa ne na kasa a Burundi wanda yakai 508 km2 (196 sq mi) wanda aka kafa a 1980. Iyakokin sa suna cikin lardunan Karuzi, Muyinga, Cankuzo da Ruyigi. Gidan shakatawar ya shafi makwabta Tanzania a kudu, kwarin Kogin Ruvubu wanda shimfidar sa ta mamaye wannan yankin.

## Tarihi

Filin shakatawa na Ruvubu ya samo sunan daga Kogin Ruvubu wanda ke ratsa tsayin wurin shakatawar. Wurin shakatawar shine yanki na ƙarshe na ƙarancin ciyawar ƙasa wanda ya taɓa mamaye mafi yawan yankin arewa maso gabashin Burundi. Gida ne ga wasu nau'o'in namun daji, musamman damina, kada mai kogin Nilu, bawon Cape, ruwa mai ruwa, nau'ikan *duiker* da yawa, nau'ikan birai guda biyar, da suka hada da bawon zaitun, biri mai kara, jan biri, ruwan goro, da Senegal bushbaby Kimanin nau'in tsuntsaye 200 aka rubuta a wurin shakatawar.

## Manazarta
Aicha Duihi

**Aicha Duihi** wata 'yar rajin kare hakkin dan adam ce ta Sahrawi wacce ita ce shugabar kungiyar Sahara Observatory for Peace, Democracy da kare hakkin yan adam wacce ta yi kira ga sansanonin' yan kungiyar Polisario da ke Lardin Tindouf na Kudu maso Yammacin kasar Algeria da ke kan iyakar yammacin Sahara. Musamman, Duihi ya kasance mai magana da yawun wadanda aka sace da mutanen da ake tsare da su a sansanonin Polisario kuma yana neman yakar farfaganda da bayanan karya da aka yiwa mata masu rauni. A cikin shekara ta 2019, ta kuma sami lambar yabo ta Turai don Shugabancin Mata na Duniya a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai.

## Kunnawa
A matsayinta na shugaban Sahara Observatory, Duihi ita ce ke da alhakin sadarwa da sauran kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu game da wuraren da suka dace da kuma sha'awa. Tare da Kungiyar Kare Hakkin Dan-Adam mai zaman kanta da Sahara League for Democracy and Human Rights, Duihi ya fitar da sanarwa inda ya yi Allah wadai da shirun da kasashen duniya suka yi game da sansanonin Polisario da ke Tindouf da Lahmada, musamman kiran kiraye-kiraye na son rai da kame 'yan jarida da masu rajin kare hakkin dan Adam.

Duihi ta kuma yi kira ga Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don magance rashin daidaito da nuna wariya dangane da rawar da mata suka taka wajen samar da zaman lafiya a yankin. A karshen wannan, ta taimaka wajen ƙirƙirar da aiyukan ƙasa da yawa waɗanda ke nufin inganta rayuwar yara, da kuma yunƙurin neman hana fataucin mutane. 

Ta yaba da kokarin da Kwamitin Adalci da Sulhu da gyare-gyare suka yi bayan amincewa da sake fasalin tsarin mulki na 2011 a kasar Maroko. 

### Annobar cutar covid-19
A shekara ta 2020, Duihi ta kirkiro wani shiri mai suna "Afgarich Sahara" (Jaruman Sahara) wanda aka tsara shi ga yara a yankin, yana basu damar musayar ilimin nesa da abubuwan kebewa a lokacin annobar cutar COVID-19 gami da bayar da gudummawa ga al'adu, fasaha, da haɓakawa akan dandamali na kan layi don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau a cikin gidaje. Herungiyarta, Sahara Observatory (OSPDH), ta gudanar da ƙoƙarin ilimantar da jama'a don tallafawa matakan nesanta zamantakewar, yayin sa ido kan haƙƙoƙin da freedancin da za a iya taƙaita ta matakan keɓewa. OSPDH ta kuma shirya tarurrukan koyon nisa don shugabannin matasa kan bayar da shawarwari game da farar hula da rahoto, da kuma masu kare hakkin mata a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka, tare da mai da hankali kan cin zarafin mata a yayin annobar COVID-19.

## Manazarta
Faɗuwar ruwan Ngonye

**Faduwar ruwan Ngonye** ko **Faduwar ruwan Sioma** wani ruwa ne da ke kan kogin Zambezi a lardin Yammacin Zambiya, kusa da garin Sioma da kuma kilomitocin sama da kilomita sama da Fadar ruwan Victoria. Yana cikin yankin kudu na *Barotseland*, faduwar tana tafiya ta kwana ɗaya daga babban birnin, Lusaka. Rashin isa gare su ya sa ba su da masaniya sosai fiye da Fadar ruwan Victoria. Fadar ruwan Ngonye Falls Community Partnership Park yana cikin faduwa.

Yana cikin yankin kudu na *Barotseland*, faduwar tana tafiya ta kwana ɗaya daga babban birnin, Lusaka. Rashin isa gare su ya sa ba su da masaniya sosai fiye da **Victoria Falls.** Ngonye Falls Community Partnership Park yana cikin faduwa.

Daga can gaba daga rafin, kogin yana da fadi kuma ba shi da zurfi yayin da yake ratsa yashin Kalahari, amma a kasa da faduwa akwai farin ruwa mai yawa, saboda kogunan sun toshe da koguna da aka sare cikin dutsen sandstone.

## Manazarta
Kogin Ruvyironza

**Kogin Ruvyironza** (ko **Luvironza**) kogi ne a Afirka wanda kuma wasu ke ɗaukarsa a matsayin tushen mafi nisa daga Kogin Nilu, kogin mafi tsayi a duniya. Ya hau kan Dutsen Kikizi a Burundi, kuma ya ratsa Kogin Rurubu ya shiga Kogin Kagera a Tanzania, kuma daga can ya shiga Tafkin Victoria. Tare da tsawon tsawon 182.4 km (113.3 mi).

## Manazarta
Kogin Rurubu

**Kogin Ruvubu** (wanda ake rubuta sunan da **Rurubu** ko **Ruvubu**) kogi ne a tsakiyar Afirka wanda ruwansa ke tattarawa daga mafi nisa, yankin kudu na Kogin Nilu. Tare da tsawon tsawon kilomita 416 (258 mi) kuma yana da magudanan ruwa mai 14,000 km2 (5,400 sq mi). Tana tashi ne a arewacin Burundi, kusa da garin Kayanza sannan kuma ta yi baka ta kudu ta cikin Burundi, ta haɗu da Kogin Ruvyironza kusa da Gitega. Daga can ne yake tafiya arewa maso gabas, ta hanyar Filin shakatawa na Ruvubu, har zuwa iyakar Tanzania. Bayan an shimfida kan iyakar, Ruvubu ya tsallaka ya isa Tanzania, kafin ya haɗu da Kogin Nyabarongo a kan iyakar Tanzania da Rwanda kusa da Faɗuwar ruwan Rusumo, ya zama Kogin Kagera.

Ruvubu ya samo sunanta ne daga kalmar Kirundi don hippopatamus, imvubu, saboda kogin gida ne na yawan jama'ar hippos.

## Manazarta
Antonina Polozhy

**Antonina Polozhy** (an haife ta a ranar12 ga watan Mayun, 1917 - ta mutu a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwamban, shekara ta 2003) ta kasance 'yar Rasha mai ilimin tsirrai, masanin ƙirar halitta, mai ba da haraji, mai kiwo da ƙwarewa a cikin shuke-shuke da Rasha ke nomawa.

## Tarihin rayuwa

### Rayuwa
An haifi Antonina a ranar 12 ga watan  Mayun, shekara ta 1917 a garin Tomsk . Tana karatun digiri daga Jami'ar Jihar Tomsk a cikin "Systematics of Lower Plants" a cikin shekara ta 1939, ta zama mataimakiya a Sashen ilimin halittar jiki da tsarin tsirrai masu girma a TSU shekaru uku bayan haka. A shekara ta v1941 ta zama mataimakiyar farfesa, sannan a shekara ta 1961 ta zama shugabar Sashin Botany. Ci gaba a sashen a matsayin farfesa a shekara ta 1966 ita ce kuma shugabar kwalejin nazarin halittu da kasa. Ba da daɗewa ba ta zama memba na Hukumar Ba da Gwaji mafi girma na USSR da kuma Shugaban Majalisar Ilimin Halittu a Ma’aikatar Ilimi Mai Girma na RSFSR . Daga shekara ta 1969 zuwa shekara ta 1998 ita ce kuma Shugabar reshen Tomsk na Tarayyar Soviet da kuma Bungiyar Botanical ta Rasha . Daga shekara ta  1970 a kan haka kuma ta shugabanci PN Krylova Herbarium a TSU. Antonina ta mutu a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwamban, shekara ta 2003 a Tomsk. 

A tsawon rayuwar ta, Antonina ta buga  sama da takardu guda 200 jeri duk da yake batutuwa kamar tsarin, tsarin ilimin tsirrai, da kuma nazarin ilimin  tsirrai. Bugu da kari ta bayyana sabbin nau'in shuka guda 14. 

## Daraja

* Umurnin Badge na Daraja (1976).
* Umarni na Daraja (1999).
* Lambobin yabo don Laborwararrun Laborwadago a cikin Babban Yaƙin rioasa

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Jerin ayyukanta

## Manazarta
Latifa Ibn Ziaten

**Latifa Ibn Ziaten** (Larabci: لطيفة بن زياتين haifaffen 1 Janairu 1960 a Tétouan, Maroko ),  ƴar gwagwarmaya ce ta Faransa da Morocco. Ita ce mahaifiyar Imad ibn Ziaten, an haife ta a shekarar 1981, mamba ta farko a Toulouse wanda Mohammed Merah ya kashe a ranar 11 ga Maris Shekara ta 2012.

## Rayuwa

Ita Musulma ce, kuma ta isa ƙasar Faransa a shekarar 1977 tana da shekaru 17, domin shiga tare da mijinta Ahmed wanda ke aiki da kungiyar SNCF. Ita ce mahaifiyar 'ya'ya biyar, maza huɗu, mace ɗaya. Da ɗaya shi ne Imad Ibn Ziaten, sajan na runduna ta 1 ta paratroop wanda ke tafiya daga Francazal kusa da Toulouse, lokacin da dan ta'adda Mohammed Merah ya kashe shi a ranar 11 ga Maris na shekarar 2012.

Sannan ta yi aiki a matsayin mai kulawa da liyafar masu ziyara a gidan kayan tarihi na Fine Arts na Rouen .

Bayan mutuwar danta, ta je Izards, unguwar marasa galihu a arewa maso gabashin Toulouse inda mai kisan kai ke zaune.  inda ta tambayi gungun matasa ko sun san Merah. Ta gaya wa manema labarai cewa sun amsa da cewa: “Ba kina kallon talabijin, Madame? Jarumi ne, shahidi ne ga Musulunci!” 

Bayan wannan taron ne ta yanke shawarar kafa *ƙungiyar samar da zaman lafiya ta Imad ibn Ziaten* da kuma a watan Afrilun 2012, don taimakawa matasa a yankunan da ba su da tushe, da kuma inganta ra'ayin addini da tattaunawa tsakanin addinai. Jaruma Jamel Debbouze ce ke daukar nauyin ƙungiyar, kuma Christophe Girard ya ƙirƙiri ofishi a zauren gundumar Paris 4th.

A cikin Fabrairun shekarar 2014, Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida, Manuel Valls ya halarta, Majalisar Wakilai ta Cibiyar Yahudawa a Faransa (CRIF) Midi-Pyrénées ta girmama ƙungiyar ta ta hanyar ba ta lambar yabo don aikinta. Ta kuma samu tallafi daga ma'aikatar ilimi wacce ke ba da tallafin shekara-shekara.

A cikin Janairun shekarar 2015, an gayyace ta zuwa Synagogue de la Victoire a Paris, wanda shugaban ƙasar François Hollande ya halarta, don haskaka kyandir don girmama mutane goma sha bakwai da harin da aka kai wa Charlie Hebdo da kuma waɗanda aka yi garkuwa da su a kantin kosher Hyper kusa da Vincennes.

A ranar 19 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 2015, tare da Shugaba Hollande, Latifa Ibn Ziaten ta sami lambar yabo ta Rigakafin Rikici ta Fondation Chirac, saboda ci gaba da inganta tattaunawa tsakanin addinai da al'adun zaman lafiya.

A cikin shekarar 2016, ta sami lambar yabo ta Mata masu ƙarfin zuciya .

## Ayyuka

* *Mort zuba a Faransa : Mohamed Merah a tué mon fils*,  Paris, Flammarion, 2013, 268 

## Kyauta

* Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur (daga 14 Yuli 2015) 
* 2015 mai karɓar fondation farashin Chirac don rigakafin rikici
* *Kyautar Mata masu Jajircewa ta Duniya* . 

## Duba kuma

* Tueries de Mars 2012 zuwa Toulouse et Montauban

## Manazarta
Zainab Fasiki

**Zainab Fasiki** (an haife ta a ranar  21 ga watan Yulin, shekarata 1994) 'yar Maroko ce mai zane-zane, masaniyar injiniya, "mai rajin kare hakkin mata da" mai rajin kare demokradiyyar jinsi" daga Fez.

## Rayuwar farko

An haife ta ne a ranar 21 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1994. Ita ce kuma ƙarama daga cikin 'yan uwa shida. 

## Ayyuka
An fi saninta da tarin zane wanda ake kira da *aikin Hshouma* wanda aka kirkira a cikin shekarata 2018, wanda ke nuna mata tsirara da kuma kiran mutanan biyu da lalata jima'i. Hshouma an fara *baje kolinsa* a Madrid, Spain.  Aikinta na da manufar yaki da takunkumi, rashin kunya da kunya a kasar Maroko. Ita ce kuma wacce ta kafa kungiyar / Mata Power / wacce ke daukar nauyin mata 20 don shiga cikin bitar. A shekara ta 2014, ta koma Casablanca, inda take zaune a halin yanzu.

Ta fara zane tun tana 'yar shekara hudu. Yawancin zane-zanen Fasiki hoto ne na kai-tsaye wanda yawanci ana nuna su a cikin hammam ko kuma a zana su kamar haruffa kamar Mace Mai Al'ajabi. Ofayan hotunanta mafi kyawun hoto shine tsirara, duk koren surarta suna kula da Casablanca. A cikin wasan kwaikwayo, matan da ta zana ba su da idanu saboda tana cewa "Ina ganin mata a matsayin mutum-mutumi a cikin al'ummata kuma ina so in 'yantar da su". Ina so su zama mutane masu 'yanci. Ta yi ikirarin cewa "ba ta taɓa jin 'yanci ba" a Maroko ko kuma tare da zane-zanenta a matsayin masu buga takardu a Maroko ba sa son buga aikinta. Ta fi son nuna mata marasa sutura, masu ƙarfi, da rashin tsoro. Ta hanyar hotunanta tana kokarin daidaita jikunan mata a fagen kere-kere da kafafen yada labarai ta hanyar dakile abubuwan da ake tsammani da yin lalata da mata wanda take tunanin ya zama ruwan dare a Morocco.

A watan Oktoban shekara ta 2018, ta yi aiki tare da Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don rayar da labarin rayuwar' yan gudun hijira hudu daga yankin Kudu da Saharar Afirka ciki har da mace daya da aka yi wa kaciyar mata. A watan Nuwamban shekara ta 2018, an baje kolin aikinta a Le Cube Gallery a Rabat. 
A watan Oktoban shekara ta 2019, an sanya mata suna TIME mujallar Jagoran Zamani Mai zuwa don littafinta mai ban dariya *Hshouma*. Taken yana magana da al'adun kunya kuma yana aiki a matsayin "littafin jagora" kuma yana tattaunawa game da tashin hankali da ya shafi jinsi, takunkumi da kuma jima'i.

## Ayyukan bugawa

* *Hshouma: Corps da Jima'i au Maroc* (Massot Éditions 2019) 
* *Feyrouz Da Duniya* (2018)
* *Omor: Kawai tsakaninmu* (2017) 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Tashar yanar gizon aikin Hshouma: https://www.hshouma.com/
Archana Soreng

**Archana Soreng** 'yar gwagwarmayar kare muhalli ce da ta fito daga jinsin ƙabilar Kharia Tribe da ke ƙauyen Bihabandh na Rajgangpur a Sundergarh, Odisha, Indiya.  Ta kasance tana aiki don wayar da kan jama'a game da canjin yanayi da rubuce-rubuce, adanawa, da haɓaka ilimin gargajiya da al'adun al'umma.

An zabi Soreng a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin membobi bakwai na Kungiyar ba da Shawara ta Matasa kan Canjin Yanayi da Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya kuma kafa a matsayin wani bangare na Dabarun Matasan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.

## Bayan Fage
Soregn ya fito ne daga Kabilar Khadia kuma ya girma a Rajgangpur a cikin gundumar Sundargarh ta Odisha.  Ta fara shiga harkar gwagwarmaya ne bayan mutuwar mahaifinta.  A tsawon rayuwarta ta kasance tana aiki a cikin Matasan Katolika na Matasan Indiya . 

Ita ma tsohuwar shugabar kungiyar daliban TISS ce. Ita ce kuma tsohuwar Kwamitin Kotu na *Kasa* wanda aka fi sani da *Adivasi Yuva Chetna Manch* ɗaya daga cikin bangarorin tursasawa na *Duk Jami’ar Katolika ta Tarayya (AICUF)* .  A halin yanzu, tana aiki a matsayin jami'ar bincike a *Vasundhara Odisha* . Vasundhara ne wani mataki da bincike da kuma manufofin da bayar da shawarwari ƙungiyar a Bhubaneswar aiki a halitta hanya shugabanci, tribal hakkokin, da kuma sauyin yanayi da adalci .

## Manazarta