Ayyukan kasuwanci game da canjin yanayi

**Ayyukan kasuwanci game da Canjin yanayi** batu ne wanda tun daga shekara ta 2000 ya haɗa da ayyukan da suka shafi canjin yanayi, da kuma rinjayar yanke shawara na siyasa game da tsarin canjin yanayi na yanayi, kamar Kyoto Protocol . Manyan kamfanoni masu yawa sun taka rawa kuma har zuwa wani lokaci suna ci gaba da taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin siyasar canjin yanayi, musamman a Amurka, ta hanyar yin amfani da gwamnati da kuma tallafawa Masu musanta canjin yanayi. Har ila yau, kasuwanci yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rage canjin yanayi, ta hanyar yanke shawara don saka hannun jari a cikin bincike da aiwatar da sabbin fasahohin makamashi da matakan inganta makamashi.

## Bayani na gaba ɗaya

Hadarin jiki na canjin yanayi a saman jerin abubuwan da suka shafi kasuwanci ga kamfanonin Amurka da EU.

A cikin 1989 a Amurka, masana'antun man fetur da na motoci da Ƙungiyar Masana'antu ta Kasa sun kirkiro Ƙungiyar Yanayi ta Duniya (GCC) don tsayayya da matakai na tilas don magance dumamar duniya. A shekara ta 1997, lokacin da Majalisar Dattijai ta Amurka ta zartar da ƙuduri game da tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar Kyoto, masana'antar ta ba da kuɗin tallace-tallace na masana'antu na dala miliyan 13 a cikin gudu zuwa zabe.

A cikin 1998 The New York Times ta buga  wata sanarwa ta Cibiyar Man Fetur ta Amurka (API) da ke tsara dabarun da ke da niyyar yin "sanin rashin tabbas ... wani ɓangare na 'hikima na al'ada.'"  An kwatanta sanarwa da wata sanarwa a ƙarshen shekarun 1960 ta kamfanin taba Brown da Williamson, wanda ya lura: "Sakamani shine samfurinmu tunda ita ce mafi kyawun hanyar yin gasa da 'jiki na gaskiya' wanda ke cikin tunanin jama'a.  Har ila yau da kullun, Cibiyar Kasuwanci mai suna Jeffrey Cell, mai suna Marshall' A watan Yunin shekara ta 2005 tsohon lauyan API, Philip Cooney, ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa na Fadar White House bayan zarge-zargen siyasa na lalata rahotanni na kimiyya.

A shekara ta 2002, bayan raguwar membobin da kuma janyewar Shugaba Bush daga Yarjejeniyar Kyoto, GCC ta ba da sanarwar cewa za ta "ƙare" kanta.

## Kungiyoyin Kasuwanci da Shirye-shiryen

### Haɗin Kai na Duniya
Wata kungiya ta tsakiya a musanta yanayin yanayi ita ce Global Climate Coalition (1989-2002), ƙungiyar manyan kamfanonin Amurka da ke adawa da mataki nan take don rage hayakin gas. Kungiyar ta ba da kuɗin masu musun tare da takardun shaida na kimiyya don zama masu magana da yawun jama'a, sun ba masana'antu murya game da canjin yanayi kuma sun yi yaƙi da Yarjejeniyar Kyoto. *[[New York Times|Jaridar New York Times]]* ta ruwaito cewa "ko da yake hadin gwiwar ta yi aiki don canza ra'ayi [zuwa musantawa], masana kimiyya da fasaha na kansu suna ba da shawara cewa kimiyya da ke tallafawa rawar da iskar gas ke takawa a cikin dumamar duniya ba za a iya karyata ta ba. "

A cikin shekara ta 2000, yawan mambobin kamfanoni da suka bar ya hanzarta lokacin da suka zama manufa na kamfen ɗin fitar da kayayyaki na kasa wanda John Passacantando da Phil Radford suka gudanar tare da kungiyar Ozone Action. A cewar The New York Times, lokacin da Kamfanin Motar Ford ya kasance kamfani na farko da ya bar hadin gwiwa, shi ne "mafi kyawun alamar rarrabuwa a cikin masana'antu masu nauyi kan yadda za a amsa ga dumamar duniya".  Bayan haka, tsakanin Disamba 1999 da farkon Maris 2000, Daimler-Chrysler, Texaco, Kamfanin Kudancin da General Motors sun bar GCC.

Kungiyar ta rufe a shekara ta 2002, ko kuma a cikin kalmomin su, 'sun kashe'.

### Taron Tattalin Arziki na Duniya
A farkon karni na 21 Taron Tattalin Arziki na Duniya ya fara magance matsalolin muhalli. A cikin Davos Manifesto 2020 an ce kamfani tsakanin sauran abubuwa:

"yana aiki a matsayin mai kula da muhalli da sararin samaniya na al'ummomi masu zuwa. Yana da hankali yana kare yanayinmu kuma yana jagorantar tattalin arzikin zagaye, da aka raba da kuma sake farfadowa. "

"yana kula da kusan lokaci, matsakaici da kuma kirkirar darajar dogon lokaci don neman dawowar masu hannun jari masu ɗorewa waɗanda ba sa sadaukar da makomar gaba don yanzu".

### Haɗin gwiwar Ayyukan Yanayi na Amurka
An kafa Ƙungiyar Ayyukan Yanayi ta Amurka (USCAP) a watan Janairun 2007 tare da babban burin tasiri ga tsarin fitar da iskar gas ta Amurka. Mambobin asali sun hada da Janar Electric, Alcoa, da Majalisar Tsaro ta Halitta, kuma ConocoPhillips da AIG sun shiga su a watan Afrilun 2007.

## Manazarta