Celia M. Hunter

**Celia Hunter** (Janairu 13, 1919 - Disamba 1, 2001) 'Yar Amurka ce mai kare muhalli kuma mai fafutukar kare hamada a jiharta ta Alaska . An ba ta kyautar mafi girma daga Sierra Club, The John Muir Award, a shekarar 1991. Ƙungiyar Wilderness, The Robert Marshall Award, ta ba ta kyautar mafi girma a shekarar 1998.  

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Celia M. Hunter a ranar 13 ga Janairu, 1919, a Arlington, Washington kuma an rene ta a Quaker a wani ƙaramin gona a lokacin Babban Bala'in Tattalin Arziki .  Celia ta kammala karatun sakandare a 1936. Ta nemi karatun kwaleji shekaru da yawa bayan haka, inda ta sami digirinta na farko a fannin ilimin tsirrai a 1964 tare da ƙaramar a fannin tattalin arziki da ilimin ɗan adam daga Jami'ar Alaska Fairbanks.  Madadin haka, bayan kammala karatun sakandare, an ɗauke ta aiki a matsayin magatakarda a Kamfanin Weyerhaeuser Timber. A kan hanyarta ta zuwa aiki, ta wuce filin jirgin sama na Everett. Darasin jirgin farko da ta fara yi shine mako bayan cikarta shekaru 21, kuma a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin mata na farko da suka fara tuƙi da jiragen sama waɗanda ke buƙatar jigilar kaya a cikin gida ga sojoji.   Ba ta ɗauki kanta a matsayin mai kare muhalli ba, tana mai cewa: "Ba na tsammanin 'mai ra'ayin mazan jiya' ya wanzu a cikin ƙamus na a wancan lokacin [...] Muna neman kasada ne kawai!" 

## Sana'a

### Aikin soja a matsayin matukin jirgi
Hunter ta yi horo a matsayin matukin jirgi kuma daga ƙarshe ta yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, inda ta zama memba na Matan Jiragen Sama na Sojojin Sama, wanda aka fi sani da WASPs, kuma ta kammala karatunta da aji 43-W5.  Hunter ta tashi da jiragen sama daga masana'antu zuwa cibiyoyin horarwa da tashoshin jiragen ruwa a faɗin Amurka. Ta kammala kowace haɓakawa cikin nasara har sai da ta cancanci tashi da jiragen yaƙi mafi inganci a cikin sojojin Amurka .  

Sashen Jiragen Ruwa na Amurka ya yanke hukuncin cewa bai kamata a bar mata su yi jigilar jiragen yaƙi na soja zuwa arewa fiye da Great Falls, Montana ba . "Mun yi jigilar su daga masana'antu a faɗin Amurka, amma 'yi haƙuri, 'yan mata, ku miƙa su ga mazan da ke nan' kuma sun sami damar tashi da su a kan hanyar Northwest Staging ta hanyar Edmonton, Fort Nelson, Watson Lake, da Whitehorse zuwa Fairbanks ," Hunter ya shaida wa ɗaliban Kwalejin Linfield a lokacin wani jawabi a shekarar 1997.   

Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Hunter da abokin aikinsa na WASP Ginny Hill Wood sun yi tafiya zuwa Fairbanks. Sun yi yarjejeniya da wani matukin jirgi na Alaska, wanda yake Seattle, don ya tashi da jiragensa biyu zuwa Fairbanks. Tafiyar daga Seattle zuwa Fairbanks ta ɗauki kwanaki 27.  Kafin su tafi Fairbanks, Hunter da Wood sun yi zangon karatu a makaranta a Sweden, sannan suka yi watanni 10 suna kekuna a duk faɗin Turai, wanda har yanzu yana fama da barnar da yaƙin ya yi. Don komawa Amurka, sun yi tafiya a kan jirgin ruwa a kan tekun Atlantika a kan wata motar tanka. "Mun sayi keken motar jeep kuma muka tuka ta zuwa Seattle, amma muka ga Amurka ta yi arziki fiye da yadda muke so [don haka muka] koma Alaska," in ji Woods a tafiyarta ta komawa Alaska.  &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

Matan biyu sun isa Fairbanks a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1947, a tsakiyar guguwar dusar ƙanƙara mai kauri. Zafin ya kusan  kuma jirgin sama ɗaya tilo da aka tsara ba zai iya tashi a cikin wannan yanayin zafi ba. Ganin cewa sun makale, Hunter da Wood sun sami aiki a wani kamfanin tafiye-tafiye na farko. Hunter ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hidimar jirgin sama a tafiye-tafiyen yawon buɗe ido na farko zuwa Kotzebue da Nome kuma ya shirya rangadin yawon buɗe ido na farko a Fairbanks. A kaka ta 1947, Hunter ya yi rajista a Jami'ar Stockholm a wani kwas na musamman da aka tsara don ɗaliban GI na Amurka. Bayan zangon karatu a Sweden, Hunter da Wood sun yi watanni goma suna kekuna a Turai da yaƙi ya daidaita kuma daga ƙarshe suka yi tafiya a kan manyan motoci zuwa Amurka, inda suka koma Alaska .  

### Sansanin Denali

Hunter da Wood, tare da mijin Wood, sun yanke shawarar fara sansanin Denali,  wanda aka tsara ya zama kamar tsarin bukkoki a Turai, tare da masauki mai sauƙi tare da ayyukan waje.  Mutanen uku sun gabatar da da'awar Wurin Ciniki da Masana'antu a ƙarƙashin Dokar Gidaje a kan iyakar yammacin Denali National Park, tare da kallon Denali, kuma an buɗe shi a 1952.  Falsafar gudanarwarsu da aka bayyana ita ce "ƙirƙirar yanayi inda baƙi, ma'aikata, har ma da baƙi na yau da kullun za su san abubuwan al'ajabi na duniyar halitta da ta kewaye mu." An sayar da sansanin Denali a shekarar 1975 kuma yanzu yana cikin wurin shakatawa na ƙasa na Denali . 

Su ukun sun sami kansu suna ƙara shiga cikin al'amuran Alaska. Lokacin da Hunter da Wood suka fara isa Alaska, yanki ne mai mutane kusan 180,000. "Suna shawagi a kan daji na Alaska, duk faɗin ƙasar ba shi da matsala, ba tare da iyakokin da ɗan adam ya yi ba. 'Yan Alaska sun ɗauka cewa haka zai kasance koyaushe, kuma sun yi tsayin daka wajen ware wasu filaye don kare su." [1]

## Manazarta