Ra'ayin jama'a game da sauyin yanayi

**Ra'ayin jama'a game da sauyin yanayi** yana da alaƙa da ɗimbin sauye-sauye, ciki har da tasirin zamantakewar zamantakewa, siyasa, al'adu, tattalin arziki, da muhalli da kuma ɗaukar hoto da hulɗa tare da labarai daban-daban da kafofin watsa labarun. Ra'ayin jama'a na kasa da kasa kan sauyin yanayi ya nuna mafi rinjaye na kallon rikicin a matsayin gaggawa.

Kuri'ar jin ra'ayin jama'a wani muhimmin bangare ne na nazarin sadarwar yanayi da yadda za a inganta ayyukan yanayi. Shaidar ra'ayin jama'a na iya taimakawa wajen haɓaka himmar aiwatar da masu yanke shawara. An gudanar da bincike da jefa kuri'a don tantance ra'ayi tun daga shekarun 1980, inda aka fara mai da hankali kan wayar da kan jama'a, amma sannu a hankali tare da cikakkun bayanai game da alkawurran da aka dauka kan yanayin yanayi. Kwanan nan, binciken duniya ya ba da mafi kyawun bayanai, alal misali, a cikin Janairu 2021, Shirin Raya Ƙasa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya buga sakamakon ƙuri'ar Climate Vote. Wannan shi ne binciken yanayi mafi girma da aka taba yi, tare da martani daga mutane miliyan 1.2 a cikin kasashe 50, wanda ya nuna cewa kashi 64% na wadanda suka amsa sun dauki sauyin yanayi a matsayin gaggawa, tare da kiyaye gandun daji da filaye shi ne mafita mafi shahara.

## Binciken jama'a
A cewar wata kasidar mujalla ta 2015 dangane da nazarin wallafe-wallafe na dubban labaran da suka shafi nazarin sama da ɗari biyu da suka shafi tsawon lokaci daga 1980 zuwa 2014, an sami karuwar wayar da kan jama'a game da sauyin yanayi a shekarun 1980 da farkon 1990s, sannan wani lokaci na damuwa - gauraye da haɓakar matsayi masu cin karo da juna - a farkon shekarun 1920 zuwa 1920. Wannan ya biyo bayan lokaci na "rage damuwa da jama'a da karuwar shakku" a wasu kasashe a tsakiyar shekarun 2000 zuwa karshen 2000s. Daga 2010 zuwa 2014, akwai wani lokaci da ke nuna "yiwuwar daidaita damuwar jama'a game da sauyin yanayi".

Bincike na Gidauniyar Rijistar Lloyd ta Duniya na 2021 wanda Gallup ya gudanar ya gano cewa kashi 67% na mutane suna kallon sauyin yanayi a matsayin barazana ga mutane a cikin ƙasarsu, wanda ɗan raguwa ne daga kashi 69% a cikin 2019, maiyuwa saboda cutar ta COVID-19 da tasirinta kan lafiya da rayuwa suna fuskantar matsaloli. An gudanar da zaben 2021 a cikin kasashe 121 kuma an hada da tambayoyi sama da 125,000. Har ila yau binciken ya bayyana cewa kasashe da yankuna da dama da ke da masaniya kan bala'o'i da suka shafi hadurran yanayi, ciki har da wadanda sauyin yanayi ya yi yawa da tsanani, su ma wadanda ke da karancin juriya.

Wani bincike na 2021 da Cibiyar Harkokin Tattalin Arziki (IEA) ta gudanar ya gano cewa kashi 75% na matasan Birtaniya (16-24) da suka amsa sun yarda da ra'ayin cewa sauyin yanayi matsala ce ta jari-hujja.

Sama da mutane 73,000 da ke magana da harsuna daban-daban 87 a cikin kasashe 77 an yi musu tambayoyi 15 kan sauyin yanayi don kuri'ar yanayi na jama'a na 2024, wani binciken ra'ayin jama'a kan sauyin yanayi, wanda aka gudanar don shirin ci gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNDP) tare da Jami'ar Oxford da GeoPoll. Ya nuna kashi 80 cikin 100 na mutane a duniya suna son gwamnatocinsu su dauki kwararan matakai don shawo kan matsalar yanayi.

A cikin 2024 Ipsos ta gudanar da bincike game da mahimmancin batutuwan yanayi a zaɓe. An gano cewa, daga cikin abubuwan da ke tasiri ga shawarar masu jefa kuri'a, sauyin yanayi gaba daya ya kasance a matsayi na 10 mai muhimmanci, wanda ya dade a kan sauran batutuwa, musamman hauhawar farashin kayayyaki. Wannan ya damu wasu masana saboda kusan mutane biliyan 4 daga kasashe sama da 65, wadanda ke da alhakin kashi 40% na hayaki, ana sa ran za su shiga zaben kasa a shekarar 2024.

### Aikin kashi 89%.
A watan Fabrairun 2024, wani bincike na duniya ya gano cewa kashi 89% na al'ummar duniya suna son karin matakan sauyin yanayi, kashi 69% sun yarda su ba da kashi 1% na kudaden shigarsu don aiwatar da yanayin. Amma, lokacin da masu binciken suka tambayi ra'ayin masu amsa game da rabon yawan jama'a da ke son ƙarin aikin yanayi, matsakaicin amsar ya kasance ƙasa da ainihin lambobi. Sauran nazarin kuma sun nuna mafi rinjaye na goyon bayan ayyukan sauyin yanayi har ma da rarraba dukiya daga masu hannu da shuni zuwa talakawa ta hanyar cinikin hayakin Carbon. A cikin Afrilu 2025, yawancin kafofin watsa labaru ciki har da Guardian sun ƙaddamar da "aikin 89%" don nuna kasancewar mafi rinjaye a cikin goyon bayan ayyukan yanayi.

## Manazarta