Janairu-Maris 2014 Ruwa mai sanyi na Arewacin Amurka

**Guguwar sanyi ta watan Janairu-Maris 2014 ta Arewacin Amurka** wani yanayi ne mai matsananciyar yanayi wanda ya tsawaita a ƙarshen lokacin hunturu na lokacin hunturu na 2013-2014, kuma ya kasance wani ɓangare na lokacin sanyi da ba a saba gani ba wanda ya shafi sassan Kanada da sassan arewa ta tsakiya da arewa maso gabashin Amurka .  Lamarin ya faru ne a farkon 2014 kuma ya faru ne ta hanyar canjin kudu na Arewacin Polar Vortex . Rikodi-ƙananan yanayin zafi kuma ya tsawanta sosai har cikin Maris.

A ranar 2 ga watan Janairu, wani sanyin sanyi na Arctic da aka fara danganta shi da wani ɗan arewa da aka bi diddigi a ko'ina cikin Kanada da Amurka, wanda ya haifar da dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa a wasu yankuna. Yanayin zafi ya faɗi zuwa matakan da ba a taɓa yin irinsa ba, kuma an karya ƙananan bayanan zafin jiki a wasu yankuna na Amurka. Kasuwanci, makarantu, da kuma rufe tituna sun kasance ruwan dare, da kuma sokewar jirgin sama da yawa a wasu filayen tashi da saukar jiragen sama na Midwest.    Gabaɗaya, fiye da mutane miliyan 200 ne abin ya shafa, a wani yanki da ya kama daga tsaunin Rocky zuwa Tekun Atlantika kuma ya kai kudanci don haɗawa da kusan mazaunan Amurka miliyan 187. 

## Asalin
 
Tun daga ranar 2 ga Janairu, 2014, ba zato ba tsammani (SSW)  ya haifar da rugujewar siffa ta dindindin a duk faɗin Arctic da aka sani da vortex na polar . Ba tare da vortex na matakin sama mai aiki ba don kiyaye sanyin iska a cikin kwalabe a ko'ina cikin Arctic, an tilasta yawan iska mai sanyi zuwa kudu yayin da dumamar yanayi ta korar kogin jet. Tare da dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa a fadin Kanada da Siberiya, iska ta Arctic ba ta da matsala ta kasance mai tsananin sanyi yayin da aka tilasta ta kudu zuwa Amurka. 

A cewar UK Met Office, jet rafi kurciya kudu (kawo sanyi iska tare da shi) a sakamakon sabon sabawa tsakanin sanyi iska a Kanada da kuma sanyi sanyi sanyi a Amurka.  Wannan ya haifar da iska mai mahimmanci inda yawan iska ya hadu, yana haifar da sanyin iska da kuma ta'azzara tasirin yanayin yanayin sanyi.  

## Kalaman sanyi na farko: Janairu 3-8, 2014

### Yi rikodin yanayin zafi

#### Amurka

A ranar 6 ga Janairu, 2014, Babbitt, Minnesota ita ce wuri mafi sanyi a ƙasar a  . 

Ƙananan zafin jiki a filin jirgin sama na O'Hare a Chicago ya kasance  a ranar 6 ga Janairu. Babban rikodin baya na wannan rana shine , an saita a cikin 1884 kuma an ɗaure a cikin 1988.   Ma'aikatar Yanayi ta ƙasa ta karɓi hashtag na Twitter #Chiberia (wani tashar jiragen ruwa na Chicago da Siberiya ) don ɗaukar ruwan sanyi a Chicago  kuma kafofin watsa labarai na gida sun karɓi kalmar.   Duk da yanayin sanyi da iska mai kauri wanda ya zarce  da kuma  zafin iska lokacin da Chicago ta saita rikodin sanyi na kowane lokaci  a cikin 1983, Chicago ba ta karya rikodin ba saboda NWS ta karɓi sabon tsarin sanyi na iska a cikin 2001. 

A ranar 7 ga Janairu, an saita aƙalla rikodin rikodin 49 na ranar a duk faɗin ƙasar.  A daren Janairu 6-7, Detroit ta buga ƙananan zafin jiki na  karya bayanan kwanakin biyu. Babban zafin jiki na  a ranar 7 ga Janairu ita ce rana ta shida kawai a cikin shekaru 140 na bayanan da aka samu a kasa.  A ranar 7 ga Janairu, 2014, zafin jiki a Central Park a birnin New York ya kasance  . An saita rikodin baya baya na ranar a cikin 1896, shekaru ashirin da biyar bayan gwamnati ta fara tattara bayanan.  Marstons Mills, Massachusetts ya kasa  a safiyar ranar 8 ga Janairu, digiri ɗaya ne kawai a saman rikodin su, kamar yadda Pittsburgh ya yi, wanda kuma ya ragu a , kafa sabon rikodin ƙasa a ranar 6-7 ga Janairu. Cleveland kuma ya saita rikodin ƙasa akan waɗannan kwanakin a  . Yanayin zafi a Atlanta ya faɗi zuwa , karya tsohon rikodin na 7 ga Janairu na  wanda aka saita a cikin 1970. Yanayin zafi ya faɗi zuwa  a Brasstown Bald, Jojiya .  Kodayake yanayin sanyi ya daidaita, yanayin sanyi ya kai Florida har zuwa kudu da Tampa wanda ke da ƙarancin  a ranar 7 ga Janairu, 2014, 18 F ƙasa da al'ada. 

Lokacin Disamba 2013 &#x2013; Maris 2014 a kusa da Illinois shine lokacin mafi sanyi na watanni huɗu akan rikodin, tare da matsakaicin yanayin zafi a Chicago da Rockford, Illinois a kusa da ƙananan 20s zuwa manyan matasa. 

#### Kanada
Yankunan da suka fi sanyi a Kanada sune lardunan gabas prairie, Ontario, Quebec, da Yankunan Arewa maso Yamma. Koyaya, Kudancin Ontario ne kawai ke saita bayanan zafin jiki.

A lokacin yawancin ruwan sanyi na farko, Winnipeg shine babban birni mafi sanyi a Kanada. A ranar 6 ga Janairu, ya kai ƙananan , yayin da a ranar 7 ga Janairu, ƙananan ya kasance  . A kwana biyun, zafin jiki bai wuce  ba . Sauran sassan kudancin Manitoba sun yi rikodin ƙasa da ƙasa  .  A ranar 5 ga Janairu, yawan yau da kullun a Saskatoon ya kasance  tare da sanyin iska na -46. 

A ranar 7 ga Janairu, 2014, an saita rikodin yanayin sanyi a Hamilton, Ontario :  ;  London, Ontario ya kasance  .  Toronto ta ragu a ƙasa  a karon farko cikin shekaru 9, tare da zafin jiki na  . 

### Matsanancin yanayi masu alaƙa

Ruwan dusar ƙanƙara mai nauyi ko ruwan sama ya afku a kan gabar yanayin yanayin, wanda ya taso daga Lardunan Filayen Amurka da Lardunan Pirai na Kanada zuwa Gabashin Gabas. Iska mai ƙarfi ya rinjayi a duk lokacin daskarewa, wanda ya sa yanayin zafi ya ji aƙalla digiri Fahrenheit goma fiye da yadda yake a zahiri, saboda yanayin sanyin iska . Baya ga ruwan sama, dusar ƙanƙara, ƙanƙara, da faɗakarwar dusar ƙanƙara, wasu wurare da ke gefen manyan tafkuna suna ƙarƙashin gargaɗin iska.  Turai kuma ta ga guguwar sanyi na 2013-2014 na Atlantika a Turai wanda aka danganta da lokacin sanyi a Arewacin Amurka.

#### Janairu 2-4, 2014 guguwa

## Manazarta

A ranar 3 ga Janairu, Boston tana da zafin jiki na  tare da  sanyin iska, kuma sama da  dusar ƙanƙara. Boxford, Massachusetts ya yi rikodin  . Fort Wayne, Indiana yana da ƙarancin rikodin  . A cikin Michigan, sama da  dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗi a wajen Detroit kuma yanayin zafi a kusa da jihar ya kusa ko ƙasa  . New Jersey tana da sama da  na dusar ƙanƙara, kuma an rufe makarantu da ofisoshin gwamnati. 

#### Janairu 5-7, 2014 guguwar hunturu
A ranar 5 ga Janairu, wani tsarin guguwa ya ratsa yankin Great Lakes. A Chicago, inda  zuwa  dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗi, Filin Jirgin saman O'Hare da Midway sun soke tashi sama 1200.  Ruwan sama mai daskarewa ya sa jirgin Delta Air Lines ya tashi daga kan titin tasi, ya shiga wani bankin dusar kankara a filin jirgin sama na John F. Kennedy, ba tare da wani rauni ba.  Guguwar da ke da alaƙa da gaban Arctic ya haifar da rufewar hanyoyi da yawa da jinkirin jirgin da sokewa. 

##### Tasiri

###### Amurka
Ya zuwa ranar 8 ga Janairu, 2014, Filin jirgin saman John F. Kennedy na kasa da kasa ya soke kusan jirage 1,100, filin jirgin saman Newark Liberty na kasa da kasa yana da kusan jirage 600 da aka soke sannan filin jirgin saman LaGuardia ya soke tashi kusan 750-850.

Dusar ƙanƙara ta yi haske a kudu, tare da tsakanin  dusar ƙanƙara da ke faɗowa a cikin Tennessee . 

A cikin birnin New York yanayin zafi ya faɗi ƙasa da  a ranar 7 ga Janairu, wanda ya karya rikodin shekaru 116 don ƙarancin rikodin yau da kullun. Sanyin ya zo ne bayan kwanaki na yanayin zafi mara kyau, tare da yawan zafin rana ya ragu da kusan 50.&nbsp;°F (28&nbsp;°C) a cikin dare, yayin da hawan ya kasance  a farkon Janairu 6. Wannan ya sa ya zama mafi girman zafin jiki a birnin New York tun Maris 1921.  Tsayin la'asar ya kasance  kawai. .  Hakanan ranar 7 ga Janairu, ranar bayan rikodin rikodin , Chicago  .  Abin kunya, Minnesota tana da mafi yawan zafin jiki a cikin ƙananan jihohi 48 Maris 2014 tare da  . 

###### Kanada
A Kanada, gaba gaba ya kawo ruwan sama da abubuwan dusar ƙanƙara zuwa yawancin Kanada a ranar 5 da 6 ga Janairu, wanda ya zama na biyu na arewa a cikin ƙasa da mako guda a Nova Scotia da Newfoundland .  Wannan yanayin yanayi ya ƙare lokacin da gaba ya matsa, yana kawo yanayin sanyi mai zafi tare da shi. Kudu maso yammacin Ontario ta sami dusar ƙanƙara zagaye na biyu a gaban gaba a cikin Janairu 6 da 7 da kuma wani ɓangare na Janairu 8 saboda tasirin dusar ƙanƙara .  Yankunan Arewa maso Yamma da Nunavut ba su fuskanci sanyi mai rikodin rikodin ba, amma suna da guguwa mai rikodin rikodi a ranar 8 ga Janairu, lokacin da daskarewar kudu ta ƙare. 

Yawancin Ontario da Quebec sun kasance ƙarƙashin gargadin guguwa.  Yawancin manyan tituna a kudu maso yammacin Ontario sun rufe saboda tsananin ruwan dusar ƙanƙara da ke da tasiri a tafkin . 

Kusan duk sassan Kanada a ƙarƙashin daskarewa mai zurfi sun sami iska mai ƙarfi kusan  . A wasu yankuna da ke arewacin gabar tafkin Erie, waɗannan iskoki sun kai , tare da gusts sama da  .  Wannan ya kawo matakan sanyin iska na gida ƙasa da  

Wurare da dama na Ontario tare da tafkin Ontario da kuma St. Lawrence Valley sun fuskanci cryoseisms ko girgizar sanyi. 

###### Mexico
Sanyin iska da ke tahowa cikin mashigin tekun Mexico a bayan gaba ya haifar da iskar Tehuano, tare da iskar arewa daga Bay na Campeche zuwa Tekun Tehuantepec a Mexico ya kai  .  Saltillo, a arewa maso gabashin ƙasar, an yi rajistar ɗigon daskarewa da zafin jiki ƙasa da  . 

A ranar 29 ga Janairu, Monterrey ya yi rajista  da hatsin dusar ƙanƙara tare da  na tarin dusar ƙanƙara. 

#### Tasiri
Tsananin sanyi ya hana dubban jiragen sama da kuma yin tasiri sosai ga sauran nau'ikan sufuri. Kamfanonin samar da wutar lantarki da dama a yankunan da lamarin ya shafa sun bukaci abokan huldar su da su kiyaye hasken wutar lantarki. 

##### Amurka
Lamarin yanayi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tattalin arzikin Amurka wanda ya ba da gudummawa ga raguwar 2.9% a GDP. "Mummunan yanayi a yawancin Amurka a farkon 2014 ya kasance mai ja da baya ga tattalin arziki, yana kawo cikas ga samarwa, gine-gine, da jigilar kaya, da hana tallace-tallacen gida da motoci," in ji Babban Masanin Tattalin Arziki na PNC Gus Faucher a cikin bayanin kula kafin sakin. "Amma bayanai sun nuna haɓakar haɓakawa a cikin kwata na biyu, tare da ingantawa a cikin gida da tallace-tallace na motoci da gina gidaje." 

Evan Gold na kamfanin leken asirin yanayi Planalytics ya kira guguwar da rashin yanayin yanayi mafi muni ga tattalin arziki tun bayan guguwar Sandy fiye da shekara guda.  Mutane miliyan 200 ne abin ya shafa, kuma Zinariya ta ƙididdige tasirin a $5&nbsp;biliyan.  $50 zuwa $100&nbsp;miliyan ya yi hasarar kamfanonin jiragen sama wanda ya soke jimillar jirage 20,000 bayan guguwar ta fara a ranar 2 ga Janairu.  JetBlue ya yi babban tasiri saboda kashi 80 na jiragensa suna bi ta birnin New York ko Boston.  Tony Madden na Babban Bankin Tarayya na Minneapolis ya ce tare da rufe makarantu da yawa, dole ne iyaye su kasance a gida daga aiki ko aiki daga gida. Hatta wadanda za su iya aiki daga gida, Madden ya ce, watakila ba su yi komai ba.  Ba a haɗa su cikin jimillar masana'antar inshora da kuɗin gwamnati na hanyoyin gishiri, karin lokaci da gyare-gyare. 

Gold ya ce wasu masana'antu sun amfana daga guguwa da sanyi, gami da bidiyo akan buƙata, gidajen abinci waɗanda ke ba da sabis na bayarwa da shagunan saukakawa.  Mutane kuma sun yi amfani da katunan kyauta don siyan kan layi .  Binciken Hopper na Boston ya lura cewa binciken jirage zuwa Cancun, Mexico ya karu da kusan rabin a biranen arewacin.  New England tabo farashin iskar gas ya buge matakan rikodin daga Janairu 1 zuwa Fabrairu 18, tare da farashin iskar gas na yau da kullun (tabo) farashin iskar gas a cibiyar Algonquin Citygate da ke hidimar Boston a matsakaicin US     , babban rikodin ga waɗannan kwanakin tun lokacin da aka fara jerin bayanan 

Sama da mutane goma sha biyu ne suka mutu sakamakon ruwan sanyi, tare da yin hatsarin hanyoyin hanya da tsananin sanyi a matsayin musabbabin.   

Akalla jirage 3,600 ne aka soke a ranar 6 ga Janairu, kuma an soke dubunnan da dama a karshen mako da ya gabata.  An sami ƙarin jinkiri saboda yanayin da ake yi a filayen jirgin sama waɗanda ba su mallaki kayan aikin cire ƙanƙara ba .  A filin jirgin sama na O'Hare da ke Chicago, man jet ɗin da magudanar ruwa sun daskare,  a cewar kakakin kamfanin jiragen sama na Amurka Matt Miller. 

Amtrak ya soke sabis ɗin jirgin fasinja da aka shirya yana da haɗin kai ta Chicago, saboda tsananin dusar ƙanƙara ko tsananin sanyi.  Jiragen ƙasa uku na Amtrak sun makale cikin dare a ranar 6 ga Janairu, kusan  yammacin Chicago, kusa da Mendota, Illinois, saboda kankara da dusar ƙanƙara a kan waƙoƙi. An lodi fasinjoji 500 a cikin motocin bas washe gari don sauran tafiya zuwa Chicago.   Wani jirgin Amtrak ya makale kusa da Kalamazoo, Michigan na tsawon sa'o'i 8, yayin da yake kan hanyarsa daga Detroit zuwa Chicago.  Tashar jiragen ƙasa na Metra na Chicago sun ba da rahoton hatsarori da yawa.  Detroit ta rufe ta People Mover saboda rashin yanayin zafi a ranar 7 ga Janairu. 

Tsakanin 5 zuwa 6 ga Janairu, yanayin zafi ya faɗi  a tsakiyar Tennessee, yana faduwa zuwa sama da  a ranar Litinin, 6 ga Janairu a Nashville . A lokacin ruwan sanyi, damuwa akan samar da wutar lantarki ya bar abokan ciniki 1,200 a Nashville ba tare da wutar lantarki ba, tare da kusan abokan ciniki 7,500 a cikin Blount County .   Hukumar Ba da Agajin Gaggawa ta Tennessee ta ayyana dokar ta-baci. 

## Tsawaita sanyi: Janairu - Maris 2014
Bayan fashewar sanyi na farko a farkon watan Janairu, lokuta da yawa na tsawaita sanyi, wasu tare da ƙarancin yanayin zafi, ya ci gaba a cikin mafi yawan lokutan hunturu zuwa farkon Maris zuwa ƙarshen Maris.

### Amurka
Cibiyar Bayanan Yanayi ta NOAA ta gano cewa tun lokacin da aka fara rikodin zamani a cikin 1895, lokacin daga Disamba 2013 zuwa Fabrairu 2014 shine lokaci na 34th mafi sanyi ga jihohi 48 gabaɗaya. Sun kuma gano kashi 91% na Manyan Tafkunan an dusar ƙanƙara, kashi na biyu mafi girma a rikodin.  Kankara a kan manyan tabkuna bai cika narke ba sai farkon watan Yuni.  Wannan ita ce sabuwar ranar ƙanƙara a kan manyan tabkuna har abada. 

Bugu da kari, yayin da Disamba zuwa Fabrairu shi ne na tara driest a rikodin ga contiguous 48 jihohin dating zuwa 1895, musamman saboda tsananin bushe yanayi a Yamma da Kudu maso Yamma, duk da haka Winter dusar ƙanƙara cover area iyakar shi ne 10th-mafi girma a rikodin ga guda 48 jihohin, dating to 1966. New York City,  na Philadelphia,  da kuma Chicago  a lokacin hunturu. lokacin hunturu mafi dusar ƙanƙara akan rikodin.    Baya ga dagewa saboda rashin narkewa, ƙananan yanayin zafi na iya samun ɗan tasiri-yayin da dusar ƙanƙara tana da matsakaicin adadin danshi na 10: 1 (inci ɗaya na danshi yana samar da inci 10 na dusar ƙanƙara), yana iya zuwa daga 3: 1 zuwa 100: 1, gabaɗaya yana tashi tare da yanayin zafi, matsakaicin matsakaici na  a cikin jihohin Arewa.  har zuwa matsakaicin yiwuwar 100: 1 an lura kuma waɗanda suka wuce 30: 1 sun kasance na kowa saboda yanayin zafi da dusar ƙanƙara ta yi kuma ta fadi.

* Rochester, Minnesota ta ɗanɗana a watan Fabrairu na huɗu mafi sanyi, tare da matsakaicin zazzabi na kowane wata na 
* Green Bay, Wisconsin ya ga Fabrairu na uku mafi sanyi, tare da matsakaicin zazzabi na  wata
* Minneapolis-St. Paul ya ɗaure rikodin sa don Fabrairu na bakwai mafi sanyi, tare da matsakaicin matsakaici na kowane wata na 
* Dubuque, Iowa ya fahimci Fabrairu na uku mafi sanyi, tare da matsakaicin zazzabi na  kowane wata
* Madison, Wisconsin ya ga watan Fabrairu na goma mafi sanyi, tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na kowane wata na 
* Moline, Illinois ya ɗaure rikodin sa don Fabrairu na biyar mafi sanyi, tare da matsakaicin zazzabi na kowane wata na 
* Fort Wayne, Indiana ya ɗanɗana watan Fabrairu na shida-mafi sanyi, tare da matsakaicin zazzabi na kowane wata na 
* Peoria, Illinois ya ga Fabrairu na shida-mafi sanyi, tare da matsakaicin zazzabi na kowane wata na 
* Kansas City, Kansas yana da Fabrairu na tara-sanyi, tare da matsakaicin zazzabi na kowane wata na  

A lokacin lokacin sanyi na yanayi na hukuma na Disamba zuwa Fabrairu, Brainerd, Minnesota ya sami matsakaicin matsakaicin , kuma ya gane lokacin sanyi na uku mafi sanyi a tarihin da aka rubuta. Hakazalika, matsakaicin zafin jiki a Duluth, Minnesota ya kasance , yana matsayi na wannan hunturu a matsayin mafi sanyi na biyu. 

Makon farko na Maris 2014 kuma ya ga ƙarancin yanayin zafi a wurare da yawa, tare da jihohi 18 sun kafa tarihin sanyi. Daga cikinsu akwai Flint, Michigan, wanda ya kai  Maris 3, da Rockford, Illinois a  . 

Caribou da Bangor, Maine, Barre da Montpelier, Glens Falls, New York, Dulles Airport, Gaylord, da kuma Houghton Lake, Michigan sun sami Maris mafi sanyi a cikin 2014. Bugu da ƙari, Maris ya kasance na biyu mafi sanyi a rikodin Concord, New Hampshire, Flint da International Falls, Minnesota -New York, da Waterque na uku, New York , da kuma Waterque na uku. 

Dukkanin lokacin Disamba-Maris a Chicago shine mafi sanyin rikodin rikodin, wanda ya wuce rikodin baya daga 1903 zuwa 1904, har ma ya fi sanyin sanyi na ƙarshen 1970s.  Matsakaicin zafin jiki a Chicago daga Disamba 1, 2013, zuwa Maris 31, 2014, ya kasance ,  ƙasa da matsakaici. 

Jihar Iowa ta shiga cikin hunturu na tara mafi sanyi a cikin shekaru 141. Lokacin hunturu na 1935-36 da 1978-79 a cikin karnin da ya gabata ne kawai ya fi sanyi, yayin da sauran suka dawo a cikin 1880s. 

Maris 2014 ita ce mafi sanyi da aka yi rikodin a Vermont, kuma na biyu mafi sanyi ga New Hampshire da Maine . Zazzabi ya kasance  akan matsakaita a Vermont. 

Duk da sanyin  a saba gani ba a sassan Arewacin Amurka da yawancin Rasha, yawancin duniya sun ga ko dai matsakaita ko sama da matsakaicin yanayi a cikin watanni hudu na farkon shekarar 2014 .  

### Kanada
Ya zuwa ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, Winnipeg tana fuskantar hunturu mafi sanyi na biyu a cikin shekaru 75, mafi sanyi a cikin shekaru 35 kuma tare da dusar ƙanƙara gabaɗaya ta kasance kashi 50 cikin ɗari fiye da na al'ada. Saskatoon yana fuskantar lokacin sanyi mafi sanyi a cikin shekaru 18; Windsor, Ontario, lokacin sanyi mafi sanyi a cikin shekaru 35 da lokacin sanyi mafi dusar ƙanƙara akan rikodin; Toronto, lokacin sanyi mafi sanyi a cikin shekaru 20; St. John's, Newfoundland da Labrador, lokacin sanyi mafi sanyi a cikin shekaru 20, hunturu mafi dusar ƙanƙara a cikin shekaru bakwai da rikodin adadin kwanakin hadari. Vancouver, wanda aka sani da yanayin yanayi mai sauƙi, yana fahimtar ɗayan Fabrairu mafi sanyi da dusar ƙanƙara a cikin shekaru 25.  A ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, Hamilton, Ontario ya kafa ƙarancin rikodin  . 

A cikin 2014 lokacin hunturu na Amurka Disamba - Fabrairu ya sami mafi sanyi a cikin shekaru 25, yayin da Kanada ke da lokacin sanyi mafi zafi a rikodin. 

## Manazarta