Maria, Sarauniyar Sicily

**Maria** (2 ga Yuli 1363 - 25 ga Mayu 1401) Sarauniyar Sicily ce kuma Duchess ta Athens da Neopatria daga 1377 har zuwa mutuwarta.

## Shiga Kursiyin Sicily
An haife ta a Catania, Maria 'yar Frederick the Simple ce kuma magajin matarsa ta farko Constance ta Aragon . Bayan mutuwar mahaifinta a shekara ta 1377, ta hau gadon sarautar Sicily. Duk da haka, gwamnatinta ta karɓe iko. Tana da shekaru goma sha uku kacal a lokacin, kuma iyalai huɗu na Baronia waɗanda suka yi iƙirarin ikonta sun kira kansu "masu bin addini."

Daya daga cikin Vicars, Artale I d'Alagona, mahaifin Maria ya riga ya nada shi regent. A shekara ta 1360—shekaru 17 kafin hawan Sarauniya Maria—Alagona ya ƙone kuma ya lalata Augusta, wani muhimmin birni mai ƙarfi, ta amfani da sojoji daga Syracuse da Catania.  Duk da haka, mulkin Alagona ya gaza saboda rikici tsakanin jam'iyyun "Sicilian" da "Aragone", kuma an tilasta masa ya kafa gwamnati tare da wasu Vicars uku. An zaɓi iyalai huɗu na Baronial don wakiltar kuma su rarraba iko tsakanin ƙungiyoyin Sicilian da Aragonese daidai gwargwado.

## Rikici a lokacin Mulkin Vicars
Tun daga shekarar 1377, Sarakunan Sicily guda huɗu ne suka yi mulkin Masarautar Sicily : Artale I Alagona, Count of Mistretta, Francesco II Ventimiglia, Count of Geraci, Manfredi III Chiaramonte, Count of Modica, da Guglielmo Peralta, Count of Caltabellotta . An yi nufin ƙungiyar Kwalejin Vicars ta haɗa da daidaito tsakanin jam'iyyun "Sicilian" da "Aragone". Duk da haka, mutanen huɗu sun yi mulki yadda ya kamata a yankunansu daban-daban. A shekarar 1379, Guglielmo Raimondo na III na Moncada, Marquis na Malta da Gozzo, wani fitaccen ɗan Sicilian kuma memba na Gidan Aragonese na Montcada, wanda Alagona ta ware shi musamman daga gwamnati. Moncada ta yi niyyar hana auren Maria da Giangaleazzo Visconti, Duke na Milan, kuma ta riƙe shi na tsawon shekaru biyu da farko a Augusta, sannan a Licata . Kakan Maria, Sarki Peter na Huɗu na Aragon, ya amince da ayyukan Moncada, amma a zahiri ya jawo adawa, musamman daga abokan hamayyarsa Alagona da Chiaramonte, waɗanda suka ci gaba da kai hari ga sansanonin Moncada. A shekara ta 1381, Moncada ta miƙa Maria ga manzannin Peter na Huɗu, kuma a shekara ta 1382 an ceto ta daga rundunar sojojin Chiaramonte da ke ci gaba da kai hari ta hanyar rundunar Aragonese; an fara kai ta Sardinia, sannan, a shekara ta 1384, zuwa Aragon, inda aka auri ɗan uwanta Martin na Aragon a shekara ta 1390.

## Tare da Martin the Younger
A shekara ta 1392 Maria da Martin suka dawo da rundunar soja suka kayar da sarakunan da ke adawa da su, suka yi mulki tare har zuwa mutuwar Maria a shekara ta 1401. A wannan lokacin, Martin ya ƙi Yarjejeniyar Villeneuve (1372) kuma ya yi mulkin Sicily ba tare da Naples ba. Ta kuma tsira daga ɗansu tilo, Peter (1398–1400). Masarautar ta kasance ba tare da yarima mai jiran gado ba kuma wannan ya haifar da rikicin gadon Martin, wanda ke mulki bisa haƙƙin matarsa. Frederick the Simple ya sanya wa ɗansa na haram, Guglielmo, Count of Malta, suna a matsayin magaji idan aka yi la'akari da ƙarshen zuriyar 'yarsa. Guglielmo ya mutu a kusan shekara ta 1380, amma yana da 'ya mace, Giovanna, matar wani fitaccen ɗan Sicily, Pietro di Gioeni. Duk da haka, ba za ta iya musanta ikirarin kawunta ba tunda Martin ya ci gaba da mulki ba tare da hamayya ba har zuwa mutuwarsa.

Maria ta Sicily ta mutu a Lentini a shekara ta 1401.

## Manazarta

*  
* Di Blasi, Giovanni Evangelista (1847). *[https://books.google.com/books?id=SFUbAQAAMAAJ&dq=%22Francesco+II%22+Ventimiglia&pg=PR133 Storia del regno di Sicilia]* (in Italian). Volume 3. Edizioni Dafni.
* Murray, John (1890). *[https://books.google.com/books?id=oKcMAAAAIAAJ&dq=Artale+Alagona&pg=PA371 A Handbook for Travellers in Southern Italy and Sicily]: Comprising the Description of Naples and Its Environs, Pompeii, Herculaneum, Vesuvius, Sorrento; the Islands of Capri, and Ischia; Amalfi, Pæstum, and Capua, the Abruzzi and Calabria; Palermo, Girgenti, the Greek Temples, and Messina*. Volume 2.