open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Elizabeth Mary Aslin

**Elizabeth Mary Aslin** (23 Maris 1923 - 14 Afrilu 1989) masaniyar tarihi ce ta fasaha ta Ingila, mai gudanarwa, marubuciya kuma malamar makaranta wacce ƙwararriya ce a fannin fasahar ado na ƙarni na 19 da 20. Ta kasance mataimakiyar bincike a Sashen Zagayawa na Gidan Tarihi na Victoria da Albert (V&A) tsakanin 1947 da 1964, kafin ta zama mataimakiyar mai kula da Gidan Tarihi na Bethnal Green daga 1964 zuwa 1968. Aslin ta koma V&A a matsayin mataimakiyar darakta ga John Pope-Hennessy tsakanin 1968 da 1974 kuma daga baya aka naɗa ta Mai Kula da Gidan Tarihi na Bethnal Green daga 1974 zuwa 1981. Ita ce marubucin wasu littattafai kan fasahar ado na ƙarni na 19 da 20.

## Rayuwar farko

## Sana'a
A shekarar 1947, Aslin ta shiga Gidan Tarihi na Victoria da Albert (V&A) a matsayin mataimakiyar bincike a sashen zagayawa.  Ta kasance memba na wata kungiya da ta nuna Peter Floud kuma ta shirya nune-nunen da ke cikin gidajen tarihi a fadin Burtaniya.  Aslin ita ce ke da alhakin kayan daki na babban baje kolin "Victorian and Edwardian Exhibition" a shekarar 1952.  Bayan shekaru goma, ta rubuta *Nineteenth Century English Furniture*,  wanda shine babban bincike na farko game da kayan daki na Victorian. 

Aslin ta shiga Gidan Tarihi na Bethnal Green a matsayin mataimakiyar mai kula da kayan tarihi na ɗan lokaci a 1964. Nan da nan ta fara sake nuna kayan daki na nahiyar gidan tarihi kuma ta fara shirya zane-zanen Birtaniya a ƙarni na 20 don zane-zane a shekarun 1920 da 1930, tare da haɗa kayan nunin da suka shahara a tsakanin al'ummar yankin. A 1968, an naɗa Aslin mataimakiyar darakta ga John Pope-Hennessy a V&A. An ba ta alhakin yin hulɗa da Ma'aikatar Ayyuka kuma ita ce ke da alhakin gine-gine, shigarwa da sake yin ado. A shekara mai zuwa, Aslin ta rubuta The Aesthetic Movement: Prelude to Art Nouveau .

Bayan nadin Roy Strong a matsayin darektan V&A a shekarar 1974, ta koma gidan tarihi na Bethnal Green kuma aka naɗa ta Keeper in Charge har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a shekarar 1981.   Bayan ta yi ritaya, ta sadaukar da kanta ga abubuwan da take so a matsayin memba na The Victorian Society tsawon rayuwarta.  Aslin ta kasance memba a ƙungiyar Kayayyakin Ado,  kuma memba ce a ƙungiyar Charles Rennie Mackintosh da kuma ƙungiyar Fasaha ta Victorian. Ta kasance memba a kwamitin Brighton Society da ke Hove .  Aslin ta yi bincike kan yumbu na nahiyar ƙarni na 19 da kuma zane-zanen Edward William Godwin,  kuma ta buga *EW Godwin: Kayan Daki da Kayan Ciki* a shekarar 1986.  Aslin ta yi lacca a Birtaniya da Amurka kan batutuwa da dama kuma masu tarawa, dillalai da malamai a faɗin duniya sun nemi ra'ayinta. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Aslin ba ta yi aure ba. A ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 1989, ta mutu a lamba 52 Dyke Road Avenue a Brighton. 

## Manazarta
Oriana Baddeley

**Oriana Baddeley** farfesa ce a fannin tarihin zane-zane na ƙasashen waje a UAL, inda daga 2011 zuwa 2020 ta kasance Shugabar Bincike. 

An haife ta Lucy Oriana Halkett Baddeley a Singapore a shekarar 1954, 'yar jami'ar diflomasiyyar Burtaniya John Halkett Baddeley (1920-1972) kuma 'yar Girka Maria Roussen (1916-2005). Ta yi karatu a Holland Park Comprehensive, London kuma ta yi karatun tarihi da ka'idar fasaha a Jami'ar Essex inda ta kammala karatun digirin digirgir a shekarar 1986 a ƙarƙashin kulawar Dawn Adès .

## Ilimi da aiki
Baddeley ta yi rubutu sosai kan fasahar zamani ta Latin Amurka, akai-akai dangane da jinsi, da kuma musamman kan Frida Kahlo    da Teresa Margolles . Aikinta ya binciki dabi'u da ma'anoni na tsoffin al'adun Amurka da hanyoyin da mulkin mallaka da jawabai na bayan mulkin mallaka suka yi tasiri kan fassarar waɗannan al'adu. Littafin *Drawing the Line: Art and Cultural Identity in Contemporary Latin America*  ya kasance rubutu na yau da kullun kuma ta yi aiki tare da Gerardo Mosquera don samar da sigar Turanci ta *Beyond the Fantastic: Art Criticism from Contemporary Latin America* .  Tare da Toshio Watanabe da Partha Mitter, (2001–2004), ta yi aiki a kan wani babban aikin da AHRC ta ba da kuɗi, *Nation, Identity and Modernity: Visual Culture of India, Japan da Mexico, 1860s–1940* . Tun daga shekarar 2011 ta ƙirƙiro ayyuka da dama dangane da mai ɗaukar hoto na Switzerland Frédéric Boissonnas .

Ta kasance tare da kafa cibiyar bincike ta UAL don Fasaha ta Ƙasashen Duniya, Identity da Nation; Amintacce ne na Gidauniyar St Catherine da ke Landan da New York; Gidauniyar Iyali ta Ashley; tana cikin kwamitin ba da shawara na Cibiyar Bincike ta Ƙasashen Duniya ta Hyundai Tate ; kuma ita ce Shugabar Ƙungiyar Ba da Shawara kan Bincike ta Ayyuka-UK.

Tana zaune a Landan kuma tana da aure da 'ya'ya maza biyu.

## Manazarta
Robert Honeycombe

**Sir Robert William Kerr Honeycombe** (2 ga Mayu 1921 - 14 ga Satumba 2007) [1] Farfesa ne na Goldsmiths na Metallurgy kuma Farfesa Emeritus na Jami'ar Cambridge . Ya kasance Babban Jami'in Daraja na Clare Hall, Cambridge . An haife shi a Melbourne, Ostiraliya, an zaɓe shi a matsayin Babban Jami'in Royal Society a watan Maris, 1981 kuma ya yi aiki a majalisar.[2] An ba shi lambar yabo ta jarumi a shekarar 1990.

An ba shi lambar yabo ta Beilby da Kyauta a 1963.

## Manazarta
Bruce Lloyd

**Bruce Lloyd**, AM (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1937) tsohon dan siyasar Australiya ne. Ya kasance mataimakin shugaban jam'iyyar National Party daga 1987 zuwa 1993 kuma ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai daga 1971 zuwa 1996, yana wakiltar kujerar Victoria ta Murray.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Lloyd a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu 1937 a Brighton, Victoria .  Ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Rochester kafin ya kammala karatun sakandare a Kwalejin Geelong daga 1952 zuwa 1954.

Kafin ya shiga majalisa Lloyd manomi ne a Timmering, kusa da Rochester .  An zabe shi shugaban jihar na Young Farmers of Victoria a shekarar 1959. Ya yi aiki a kan kwamitin hadin gwiwar inganta garken Rochester kuma a shekarar 1968 an nada shi a kwamitin kungiyar Victorian Artificial Breeders Co-operative Society (yanzu Genetics Australia). 

## Siyasa
Lloyd ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban jihar na Jam'iyyar Victoria Country daga 1969 zuwa 1971.

A watan Disamba na shekara ta 1970, Lloyd ya lashe zaben jam'iyyar Country Party don kujerar tarayya ta Murray, sannan shugaban jam'iyyar na tarayya John McEwen ya gudanar. An zabe shi a Majalisar Wakilai a zaben Murray na 1971 wanda ya biyo bayan ritaya daga siyasa.

An haɗa Lloyd a cikin ma'aikatar inuwa ta Billy Snedden a watan Yunin 1974 a matsayin mai magana da yawun adawa kan kiwon lafiya. Ya ci gaba da taka rawar a karkashin magajin Snedden Malcolm Fraser, [1] amma ba a nada shi Ministan Lafiya a ma'aikatar wucin gadi ta Fraser ba bayan korar Whitlam a watan Nuwamba 1975, duk da ci gaba da aiki a matsayin mai magana da yawun manufofin kiwon lafiya a lokacin yakin neman Zaben tarayya na 1975. [2] Daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin Sakataren majalisa daga 1980 zuwa 1983 a Ma'aikatar Masana'antu ta Firamare.[1]

A ranar 23 ga watan Yulin 1987, an zabe shi Mataimakin Shugaban Jam'iyyar National, matsayin da ya kasance har zuwa 23 ga watan Maris 1993. Shi kadai ne mutumin da ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugabannin kasa uku (Ian Sinclair, Charles Blunt da Tim Fischer). Ya yi ritaya a shekara ta 1996.

## Manazarta
Greg Lindquist (mai wasan ƙwallon ƙafa)

**Gregory Lindquist** (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga Janairu 1954), wanda aka fi sani da Greg Lindquist, tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Australiya wanda ya buga wa Geelong wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Victorian (wanda yanzu ake kira da gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Australiya).[1]

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje
Lee Jong-min (tennis)

**Lee Jong-min** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1977) tsohon ƙwararren ɗan wasan tennis ne na Koriya ta Kudu.

An haife shi a Seoul, Lee ya koma Ostiraliya yana da shekaru 11 don neman aiki a wasan tennis kuma ya yi karatu a Geelong Grammar School 1989-1992 sannan Geelong College daga 1993 zuwa 1995. A cikin gida ya lashe gasar zakarun kasa a cikin kungiyoyin shekaru 16 da 18, da kuma kammala matsayi na biyu ga Nicolas Kiefer a 1995 Australian Open juniors . Ya lashe lambar yabo ta Australian Open a wannan shekarar (tare da Luke Bourgeois) kuma ya yi ikirarin lashe lambar yabo na US Open ta 1995 (tare da Jocelyn Robichaud).[1][2]

Lee ya wakilci Koriya ta Kudu a gasar cin Kofin Davis na 1996 da New Zealand a Seoul kuma ya fito ne galibi a kan yawon shakatawa na sana'a a matsayin ƙwararren ɗan wasa biyu, wanda ya kai matsayi na duniya na 421. 

Daga 1997 zuwa 1999, Lee ya halarci UC Santa Barbara, sannan daga 1999 zuwa 2000 ya kasance a Jami'ar California, Los Angeles. Ya kasance dan wasan tennis na Amurka sau biyu na UCLA Bruins. 

## Manazarta
Lucy Baxter

**Lucy Emily Baxter** (21 Janairu 1837 - 10 Nuwamba 1902) marubuciya ce 'yar Ingila a fannin fasaha, musamman a ƙarƙashin sunan **Leader Scott** .

An haife ta a Dorchester, 'yar William Barnes ta uku, mawaƙin Dorsetshire, daga matarsa Julia Miles. Ta fara rubutu tana da shekaru goma sha takwas, kuma daga ƙaramin ribar labarai da labaran mujallu ta adana isassun kuɗi don ziyartar Italiya, babban buri. A can ta haɗu kuma a 1867 ta auri Samuel Thomas Baxter (1810-1903), wani ɗan iyali da ya daɗe yana zama a Florence, wanda daga nan ya zama gidanta. Tsawon shekaru talatin da biyar ta kasance sananne a rayuwar adabi da fasaha na birnin, kuma a 1882 aka zaɓe ta a matsayin memba na girmamawa na Accademia delle Belle Arti . Tsawon shekaru goma sha uku gidanta yana Villa Bianca, a wajen Florence, a gefen Vincigliata (kusa da Fiesole ) da Settignano . Daga cikin waɗanda aka haɗa ta da su a binciken adabi akwai John Temple Leader, wani attajiri ɗan Ingila mazaunin Florence, wanda ya mallaki gidan sarautar Vincigliata . Sunan da ta rubuta a rubuce mai suna 'Leader Scott' ya haɗa sunayen kakanninta guda biyu, Isabel Leader ita ce mahaifiyar mahaifiyarta, yayin da Grace Scott ita ce mahaifiyar mahaifinta.

Babban littafinta shine *The Cathedral Builders* (1899 da 1900), wani muhimmin bincike na dukkan fannin gine-ginen Romanesque dangane da masu ginin Comacine . Marubuciyar tarihin rayuwarta ta *DNB* ta lura cewa:

Ko da yake dole ne ya dogara ne akan littafin Merzario I Maestri Comacini, littafin ya nuna abubuwan lura da bincike na asali, kuma idan hujjojinsa ba koyaushe suke da cikakkiyar ma'ana ba, iyakokin aikin na duniya da wadatar zane-zanensa sun sanya shi tarin bayanai da gabatarwa mai amfani ga filin hasashe da ba a saba gani ba. Manufar aikin ita ce a danganta dukkan tsarin gine-ginen zamanin da ga ƙungiyoyin masonic da aka samo, kamar yadda ake tsammani, daga Roman Collegia .

Baya ga wannan aiki da kuma labaran mujallu da dama, ta wallafa:

* *A Nook in the Apennines*, 1879.
* *Fra Bartolommeo, Albertinelli, da Andrea del Sarto*, 1881 (don jerin *Illustrated Biography of the Great Artists* ).
* *Ghiberti da Donatello*, 1882
* *Luca della Robbia*, 1883
* *Gidan Messer Agnolo*, 1883.
* *Farfado da Fasaha a Italiya*, 1883
* *Gungu na 'Ya'yan Itace*, Bungay, 1885
* *Zane, Renaissance da kuma na zamani*, 1886
* *Rayuwar William Barnes*, 1887
* *Nazarin Tuscan da Zane-zane*, 1887
* *Vincigliata da Maiano*, Florence da London, 1891
* *The Orti Oricellari*, Florence, 1893
* *Echoes na Tsohon Florence*, Florence da London, 1894
* *Gidan Vincigliata*, Florence, 1897
* *Rushewar Helen*, 1898
* *Filippo di Ser Brunellesco*, 1901
* *Correggio*, 1902.

Ta fassara daga Italiyanci:

* *Sir John Hawkwood* na John Temple Leader da G. Marcotti (1889).

Baxter ya mutu a Villa Bianca kusa da Florence a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 1902.

## Manazarta
William Leggatt

**Sir William Watt Leggatt**, DSO , MC , ED (23 Disamba 1894 - 27 Nuwamba 1968) soja ne, lauya kuma ɗan siyasa ɗan ƙasar Ostiraliya. Ya yi aiki a matsayin kwamandan rundunar sojojin 2/40 daga baya kuma ya yi aiki a rundunar Sparrow a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, yana yaƙi a Timor da mamayar Japan a 1942. 'Yan Japan sun kama shi aka tura shi gidan yarin Changi da ke Singapore. Bayan yaƙin, ya zauna a Melbourne yana kula da binciken laifukan yaƙi har zuwa 1946. A 1948 an zaɓe shi a majalisar dokokin Victoria. Ya mutu a 1968 kuma aka yi masa jana'izar gwamnati.

## Dubi kuma

* Yaƙin Timor

## Manazarta

* Leggatt, Sir William Watt (Bill) (1894-1968) - Australian Dictionary of Biography
Ralph Lancaster

**Ralph Charles Lancaster** (25 Nuwamba 1907 - 28 Agusta 1942) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Australiya wanda ya buga wa Geelong wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Victorian (VFL).

## Iyali
Dan Thomas Stanley Lancaster (1878-1960), magatakarda na Newtown da Chilwell,  da Maud Amelia Lancaster (1838), née Cory,  an haifi Ralph Charles Lancaster a Numurkah a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba 1907.

Ya auri Jean Loveniah McCurdy (1912-1968), daga baya Mrs Arnold Start Henderson, a 1938.

## Kwallon ƙafa
An dauki Lancaster a cikin gida, daga Kwalejin Geelong.

Mai tafiya, ya zira kwallaye 20 a kakar wasa ta farko, [1] kuma shekara mai zuwa ta kasance ta 19. mutum a cikin Geelong ta 1930 VFL Grand Final rasa ga Collingwood.[2]

## Ayyukan soja
A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Lancaster ya yi aiki a New Guinea a matsayin Gunner tare da 9th Light Anti-Aircraft Battery, na Royal Australian Artillery.

## Mutuwa
Ya mutu daga raunukan da ya samu yayin da yake aiki a New Guinea a ranar 28 ga watan Agusta 1942 . 

An binne shi a Kabarin Yakin Port Moresby (Bomana). 

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin 'yan wasan Victoria Football League da suka mutu a kan aiki

## Manazarta
Rosemary Betterton

**Rosemary Betterton** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1951) ƙwararriyar masaniyar fasahar mata ce ta Ingila, marubuciya, kuma mai ilimi. An san ta da aikinta a fannin Fasahar Zamani, musamman bincikenta kan ayyukan fasaha na mata. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Rosemary Betterton a shekarar 1951.  Ita 'yar Birtaniya ce. 

Betterton ta koyar da tarihin fasaha da nazarin bincike a Jami'ar Sheffield Hallam  kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mamba a jami'ar Lancaster tana koyarwa a fannoni na al'adun gani da ka'idar mata . Ita ce Farfesa Emerita a Jami'ar Lancaster .

Betterton ita ce marubucin littattafai da kasidu da yawa.  *Jikunan Mata a Fasahar Kayayyaki* suna nazarin hotuna da rubuce-rubuce don yin jayayya cewa, a al'adun Yamma, ana kallon ciki da kuma nuna shi da zurfin rashin fahimta daga masu ra'ayin mata da waɗanda ba na mata ba.  *Mata, Masu Zane-zane da Jiki* suna gabatar da tattaunawa kan yadda mata na ƙarni na ashirin suka nemi fahimtar da kuma tasiri a inda suka dace da al'adun Yamma da fasaha. 

## Littattafai da aka zaɓa

### Littattafai

* *Jikunan uwaye a fannin zane-zane* (Manchester University Press, 2014) 
* *Ba a saka firam ɗin ba : ayyuka da siyasa na zane-zanen zamani na mata* (Tauris, 2004) 
* *Nisa mai kusanci mata, masu fasaha, da kuma jiki* (Routledge, 1996) 
* *Ana kallo a : hotunan mata a cikin zane-zane da kafofin watsa labarai.* (Pandora Press, 1987) 

### Babi-babi

* *Me yasa fasahata ba ta yi kyau kamar ni ba? Mace, mace da kuma "zanen rayuwa" a cikin fasahar Tracey Emin* a cikin fasahar Tracey Emin, wanda aka gyara: Merck, M. da Townsend, C. 22–39. London: Thames & Hudson. 

## Manazarta
Milton Lamb

**William Milton Lamb** (14 Yuli 1909 - 21 Yuni 2006) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Australiya wanda ya buga wasa da Geelong a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Victorian (VFL).

## Bayani na gaba ɗaya
Lamb, wanda aka dauka a cikin gida daga Kwalejin Geelong, ya kasance mai tsaron aljihu na baya. Ya buga dukkan wasanni 21 ga Geelong a 1930, gami da babbar asara ta ƙarshe. A kakar wasa mai zuwa ya rasa wasa daya kawai a duk shekara kuma ya sake fitowa a babban wasan karshe, a wannan lokacin ya kammala a cikin tawagar da ta lashe. Ya kasance daya daga cikin 'yan wasan Geelong mafi kyau a Grand Final na 1931, tare da kicks 13 da kuma kyakkyawan aikin tsaro na Richmond rovers.

## Mutuwa
Ya rayu har zuwa shekara 96 (ya mutu a ranar 21 ga Yuni 2006) kuma shi ne dan wasan karshe da ya tsira daga kungiyar da ta lashe gasar Firimiya ta Geelong ta 1931.[1]

## Manazarta
Charlotte Bolland

**Charlotte Bolland** FSA babbar mai kula da tarin kayan tarihi na ƙarni na sha shida a National Portrait Gallery, London . 

## Sana'a
Bolland tana da digiri a tarihi daga Jami'ar Durham da kuma digiri na biyu a tarihin fasaha daga Cibiyar Fasaha ta Courtauld .  Ta kammala karatun digirin digirgir a Jami'ar Queen Mary ta Landan a shekarar 2011 a kan "Al'adun Kayan Italiya a Kotun Tudor". 

An zaɓe ta a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar tsofaffin kayan tarihi ta London a ranar 12 ga Disamba, 2019.

## Zaɓi wallafe-wallafe

* Bolland C. 2012. "Rayuwa a Landan: Hotunan Wani Babban Ɗan Kasuwa na Italiya", a cikin A. Sutton, edita, *Ɗan Kasuwa na Tsakiya* (Taron Harlaxton na 2012).
* Bolland C. 2013. '"Alla Prudentissima Et Virtuosissima Reina Elisabetta: Sadaukarwar da Baturen Ingila ya yi wa Sarauniya", a cikin P. Kaufman, edita, *Jagoranci da Al'adun Elizabethan* . Palgrave Macmillan.
* Bolland C. da Cooper, T. 2014. *An sake gano ainihin Tudors: Sarakuna da Sarauniya* . Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa.
* Bolland C. da Maisonneuve, C. 2015. *Les Tudors* . Les bugun Rmn-Grand Palais.
* Bolland C. 2015. "Sat Super Est: Hoton Henry Howard, Earl na Surrey" a cikin T. Cooper, A. Burnstock, M. Howard da E. Eds Town, *Zane a Burtaniya 1500-1630: Samarwa, Tasiri da Tallafi* . Kwalejin Burtaniya.
* Bolland C. da Cooper, T. 2017. *Gamuwa: Zane-zane daga Leonardo zuwa Rembrandt* . Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa.

## Manazarta
Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Akasaka

The **TBS Akasaka ACT gidan wasan kwaikwayo** ( Japanese  ) wani gidan wasan kwaikwayo ne da ke Akasaka, Minato, Tokyo, Japan. An kammala shi a shekarar 2008, mai hawa huɗu Gidan wasan kwaikwayo  yana da damar kujeru 1,324. A watan Satumba na 2014, gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya shirya waƙar Arthur Kopit ta gargajiya ta Gaston Leroux, *[[The Phantom of the Opera (novel)|The Phantom of the Opera]]* .  An sadaukar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo ga shirye-shiryen *[[Harry Potter and the Cursed Child|Harry Potter da The Cursed Child]]* tun daga watan Yunin 2022.  

## Manazarta
Mary Beckinsale

**Mary Beckinsale** ƙwararriyar masaniyar fasahar zane-zane ce ta Ingila kuma Shugabar Emeritus ta Kwalejin Fasaha ta Ƙasa da Ƙasa (SACI).

## Tarihin Rayuwa

### Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Mary Beckinsale 'yar Dr. Robert P. Beckinsale ce, Farfesa a fannin Geography na Kwalejin Jami'ar Oxford. Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Oxford sannan ta yi digiri na farko a fannin Tarihin Fasaha a Kwalejin Newnham da ke Cambridge . A shekarar 1970, ta kammala karatun digiri na biyu a Cibiyar Warburg da ke Jami'ar Landan tare da digiri na MPhil a fannin Nazarin Al'adu.  Ta yi shekaru biyu a kan tallafin karatu na Leverhulme a Spain, tana karatu a tarihin Indies da ke Sevilla.

### Sana'a
Daga 1975 zuwa 1978, ta koyar a Makarantar Bar Convent da ke York, ta ci gaba da koyarwa a Jami'ar Cattolica del Sacro Cuore da ke Milan. Ta kasance darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Waje ta Amurka (AIFS) da ke Florence, Italiya, a 1984-1985, sannan ta zama Shugabar SACI, wani shirin fasaha na jami'a na Amurka da ba na riba ba a ƙasashen waje, har zuwa 1995 lokacin da ta zama Daraktan SACI.  A ƙarƙashin jagorancinta, SACI ta sami Palazzo dei Cartelloni a 1999 da SACI Jules Maidoff Palazzo don Fasahar Kayayyaki a 2006. A 2006, ta zama Shugabar SACI har sai da ta yi ritaya a 2013. Mary Beckinsale ta yi lacca a ƙasashen duniya a jami'o'i daban-daban kan Tarihin Fasaha.

Mary ta rasu ba zato ba tsammani a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2019, kuma an binne ta a cikin ƙaunatacciyar Florence. Mijinta, ( Jules Maidoff ) 'ya'yanta biyu, (Ben Ginsborg da Lisa Ginsborg), da 'ya'yan kishiyarta shida ( Natasha Maidoff, Vittoria Maidoff, Carol Milligan, Kirste Milligan, Lee Maidoff, da Jonah Maidoff).

## Daraja
A ranar 7 ga Agusta 2010, Beckinsale ta sami digirin girmamawa daga Jami'ar Jihar Bowling Green . 

## Manazarta
Mark Komp

**Mark Komp** (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Maris 1959) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Australiya wanda ya buga wasa da Footscray a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Victorian (VFL).[1]

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Mark Komp's playing statisticsdaga Tables na AFL
* Mark Kompa AustralianFootball.com
Jon Shields

**Jon Rayborn Shields** (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Afrilu, 1964) tsohon ɗan wasan tsaron ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Amurka wanda ya buga wa Dallas Cowboys na National Football League wasa. Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa a kwaleji a Jami'ar Jihar Portland .

## Shekarun farko
Shields ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Fort Vancouver .  Ya karɓi tallafin karatu na ƙwallon ƙafa daga Jami'ar Jihar Portland ta NCAA Division II .

A matsayinsa na ɗan shekara biyu, ya kasance mai riƙe da kambun da ke canzawa tsakanin matsayin tackle na dama da na hagu. A matsayinsa na ƙarami, an naɗa shi mai farawa a tackle na dama. 

A matsayinsa na ɗan shekara 19, ya sami lambar yabo ta ƙungiyar All-Western Football Conference a matsayin ɗan wasa na biyu. 

## Sana'ar ƙwararru

### Los Angeles Rams (lokacin farko)
An sanya hannu kan Shields a matsayin wakilin 'yanci ba tare da an ba shi izini ba daga Los Angeles Rams bayan da aka ba shi izinin shiga gasar NFL ta 1987 a ranar 27 ga Afrilu.  An yafe masa kafin fara kakar wasa a ranar 7 ga Satumba. 

### Dallas Cowboys
Bayan da aka ayyana yajin aikin NFLPA a mako na uku na kakar wasa ta 1987, an soke waɗannan gasannin (an rage kakar wasa 16 zuwa 15) kuma NFL ta yanke shawarar cewa za a buga wasannin tare da 'yan wasa masu maye gurbinsu. A watan Satumba, an sanya masa hannu don zama wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar maye gurbin Dallas wadda aka ba wa 'yan jarida suna "Rhinestone Cowboys".  Ya kasance mai tsaron baya a hannun dama a lokacin wasannin yajin aiki uku kuma ya buga wasan kai hari a kan Philadelphia Eagles .  An kore shi a ranar 20 ga Oktoba, a ƙarshen yajin aikin. 

### Los Angeles Rams (wasan ƙarshe)
A ranar 8 ga Maris, 1988, ya sanya hannu a matsayin wakilin 'yanci tare da Los Angeles Rams .  A ranar 24 ga Yuli, an ruwaito a kafafen yada labarai cewa ya bar sansanin horo saboda dalilai na kashin kansa. 

## Manazarta
Bert Kyle

**Herbert Seton Stewart Kyle** OBE (29 ga Agusta 1873 – 5 ga Janairu 1955) memba ne na Jam'iyyar Reform kuma tun daga 1936 ɗan Majalisar Wakilai na Jam'iyyar Ƙasa a New Zealand.

## Rayuwa ta farko da sana'a
An haifi Kyle a Brunswick, Melbourne, Australia, a cikin 1873. Ya sami karatunsa daga Kwalejin Geelong da Kwalejin Kula da Dabbobi ta Melbourne. Ya kasance likitan dabbobi a Ballarat har zuwa 1899, lokacin da ya yi ƙaura zuwa New Zealand.

Ya kasance likitan gwamnatin New Zealand a Christchurch daga 1901 zuwa 1918. Bayan haka, ya yi aiki na sirri a Christchurch.

### Mai zaman kansa
Kyle ya yi murabus daga Jam'iyyar National a shekarar 1942. [1] Ya ce: "Kungiyar Jam'iyyar ta Kasa ta gina wani sashi mai hana ruwa wanda ke sa mutum ya zama 'mutumin' tare da korar a matsayin madadin". Kyle ya yi tunanin "mafi kyau a yi ritaya daga jam'iyyar fiye da sanya nauyin korar ta, wani batu wanda mutumin (Sid Holland) wanda ya motsa ƙudurin yana bayyana lokacin da na bar taron caucus".[1][1] Kyle ya kasance Mai zaman kansa har zuwa 1943, amma bai tsaya takarar zaben a wannan shekarar ba.

A shekara ta 1935, an ba Kyle lambar yabo ta King George V Silver Jubilee .  An nada shi Jami'in Order of the British Empire, don ayyukan gwamnati da na gida, a cikin 1953 New Year Honours, kuma daga baya a 1953 an ba shi lambar yabo ta Sarauniya Elizabeth II.

## Mutuwa
Kyle ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Janairun 1955,  kuma an binne shi a Kabari na Bromley.

## Manazarta
Mata a cikin Fim da Talabijin New Zealand Awards

**Kyaututtukan Mata a Fina-finai da Talabijin na New Zealand**, waɗanda aka fi sani da **WIFT NZ Awards**, kyaututtuka ne da ke nuna farin ciki da kuma ƙarfafa nasarorin da mata a New Zealand suka samu a fina-finai, talabijin da kafofin watsa labarai na dijital. Mata a Fina-finai da Talabijin na New Zealand ne ke gudanar da kyaututtukan, wanda shi ne reshen ƙasa na Mata a Fina-finai da Talabijin na Duniya, kuma an ba su kyaututtukan tun daga shekarar 2004. 

Da farko an bayar da kyaututtukan ne a rukuni huɗu; an ƙara ƙarin rukuni kuma tun daga shekarar 2022 ana bayar da kyaututtukan a rukuni 11. An kuma fara bayar da kyaututtukan a kowace shekara kuma yanzu ana bayar da su sau biyu a shekara. Ba a bayar da kyaututtukan ba a shekarar 2012.

Ana gayyatar waɗanda za a zaɓa daga jama'a. Wani kwamiti ne ke zaɓar waɗanda za su yi nasara a kowane rukuni, waɗanda aka gayyata zuwa bikin bayar da kyaututtuka a Auckland inda ake sanar da waɗanda za su yi nasara.

## Bukukuwan bayar da kyaututtuka da kuma waɗanda aka karɓa

### 2022

An gudanar da bikin bayar da kyaututtuka a ranar 8 ga Yuli a ASB Waterfront Theatre, Auckland.  An bayar da wani sabon rukuni a wannan shekarar: Kyautar Tautai don Kyawun Moana a Masana'antar Allo, inda aka yi bikin bayar da gudummawar mata 'yan mata na Moana Pasifika da ke aiki a masana'antar allo a Aotearoa New Zealand.

### 2020
An gudanar da bikin bayar da kyaututtuka a ranar 4 ga Disamba, 2020 a ASB Waterfront Theatre, Auckland, wanda Antonia Prebble ta dauki nauyin shiryawa.  An bayar da wani sabon rukuni a wannan shekarar: lambar yabo ta SAE ga Sabon Zuwa.

### 2018
An gudanar da bikin bayar da kyaututtukan ne a ranar 1 ga Maris, 2018 a ASB Waterfront Theatre, Auckland, wanda Theresa Healey ta dauki nauyin shiryawa. An bayar da sabbin nau'ikan kyaututtuka guda biyu a karon farko a wannan shekarar: Kyautar Kamfanin Kyamarar Queenstown da Kyautar Fasaha ta Fasaha ta The Weta Group. Kwamitin da aka zaba don kyaututtukan na 2018 shi ne Christina Milligan (shuga), Robin Laing, Vicki Jackways, Cass Avery, Christina Asher, Jill Macnab da Alyx Duncan. 

## Manazarta
Jamiatul Ilm Wal Huda

**Jamiatul Ilm Wal Huda**, wacce kuma aka sani da Darul Uloom Blackburn, makarantar 11-25 ce mai zaman kanta, islamiyya, makarantar kwana da kwana ga yara maza a Blackburn, Lancashire, Ingila. An kafa ta a cikin 1997kuma sunanta yana nufin Kwalejin Ilimi da Jagora.

Yawancin ɗaliban da ke zuwa makarantar ƴan gida ne, amma wasu sun fito daga ko'ina cikin Burtaniya, kuma ƴan tsiraru dalibai ne na duniya.Don haka makarantar tana ba da wuraren kwana na kusan kashi uku na ɗalibanta.

## Manufa
Manufar kafa wannan cibiya ita ce baiwa daidaikun al'ummar musulmi damar sanin addininsu na Musulunci. Ya kuma ba da damar karantar da addini ga wasu. A cikin wasu mazhabobin Musulunci kuma ana daukarsa a matsayin wani aiki na wajibi wanda zai iya cika al'umma gaba daya idan aka aiko wani mutum daga cikin al'umma domin ya sami wannan ilimin. Daga yanzu, aikin na wajibi zai kasance a matsayin cika ga al'umma gaba ɗaya.

## Dubi kuma

* Darul Uloom Bolton 
* Darul Uloom Bury 
* Darul Uloom Al-Madania 
* Darul Uloom London 
* Darul Uloom Zakariyya 
* Madinatul Uloom Al Islamiya 
* Mazahirul Uloom Saharanpur

## Manazarta
Matthew Henry Davies

**Sir Matthew Henry Davies** (1 ga Fabrairu 1850 - 26 Nuwamba 1912)  ɗan siyasa ne na Australiya, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Kakakin Majalisar Dokokin Victoria. Shi ma babban jigo ne a cikin Bunkasar Filayen Victoria, wanda ya ƙare da fatararsa a 1894 da kuma shari'ar da aka yi masa bayan an tuhume shi da zamba.

Davies ɗan Ebenezer Davies ne da matarsa Ruth, 'yar Mark Bartlett, na Bracknell, Berkshire, Ingila, kuma jikan Rev. John Davies, na Kwalejin Trevecca, ta Kudu Wales. An haife shi a Geelong a 1850, kuma ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Geelong. Ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Melbourne a 1869. An shigar da shi a matsayin lauya na Kotun Koli ta Victoria a 1876, kuma ya auri Elizabeth Locke Mercer, 'yar fari ta Rev. Peter Mercer, D.D., na Melbourne, ministan Presbyterian. Sun samar da iyali na bakwai - Arnold Mercer Davies (1876), Marion Agnes Davies (1877), Henry Gascoigne Davies (1879), Beatrice Elizabeth Davies (1880), Muriel Kate Davies (1882), da Olive Blanche Davies (1884), Cecil Harwood Locke Davies (1886).

Shekaru biyar, Davies ya kasance sakataren girmamawa na Majalisar Cibiyar Shari'a ta Victoria, kuma ya kasance Mai Shari'a na Zaman Lafiya na tsakiya. Ya kasance magajin gari na Prahran daga 1881 zuwa 1882. Davies ya wakilci St Kilda a Majalisar Dokokin Victoria daga 1883 zuwa 1889. Ya kasance memba na Royal Commission on Transfer of Land and Titles to Land a 1885, kuma, daga 1886 zuwa 1887, ya rike fayil a cikin Gwamnatin Gillies-Deakin a matsayin minista ba tare da ofis ba.

A shekara ta 1886, a matsayin memba na gwamnatin Victoria, ya ziyarci Ingila dangane da Nunin mulkin mallaka da Indiya. Ya kasance shugaban Royal Commission on Banking a 1887, kuma an zabe shi Kakakin Majalisar Dokoki a watan Oktoba na wannan shekarar. Da yake nuna shekarar Jubilee ta Zinariya ta mulkin Sarauniya Victoria, ya ba da fam 10,000 ga Cibiyar Imperial da sauran cibiyoyin jama'a. An dawo da shi ba tare da hamayya ba ga Toorak a 1889, kuma an sake zabar shi a matsayin Kakakin a wannan shekarar. An ba shi lambar yabo a shekara ta 1890.

## Manazarta
Kathryn Brown

Kathryn Jane Brown FHEA ƙwararriyar masaniyar fasahar zane ce 'yar Birtaniya kuma Malama a fannin Tarihin Fasaha da Al'adun gani a Jami'ar Loughborough .

## Sana'a
Tana karatu a Kwalejin Seymour, Adelaide, da Jami'ar Adelaide, Kudancin Ostiraliya, an ba ta kyautar tallafin karatu ta Rhodes . A matsayinta na Rhodes Scholar, ta kammala digirin PhD (D.Phil) a Kwalejin Balliol, Oxford a ƙarƙashin kulawar Malcolm Bowie . Daga nan Brown ta zama lauya mai zaman kanta a fannin hannun jari a Birnin Landan. An horar da ita a Slaughter da May, Brown ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimaki a jere a Slaughter da May sannan ta zama mataimaki, sannan daga baya ta zama Lauya, a ofishin kamfanin lauyoyi na Amurka Milbank, Tweed, Hadley da McCloy da ke Landan. Daga nan ta zama abokin tarayya a kamfanin lauyoyi na Amurka Paul Hastings, LLP. Bayan kammala digirin PhD na biyu a Jami'ar London, Brown ta koma jami'a a matsayin mai bincike na gaba a Jami'ar British Columbia . Daga baya aka naɗa ta a Lakca a Tarihin Fasaha a Jami'ar Tilburg kafin ta koma Loughborough. Brown memba ne na Kwalejin Ilimi Mai Girma . An fi saninta da ayyukanta na fasahar Faransa ta ƙarni na 19 da na ƙarni na 20, fasahar zamani, littattafan masu fasaha, kayan tarihi, da kuma kasuwar fasaha tare da mai da hankali kan ayyukan Degas, Matisse da Tzara.    

## Littattafai

* *[http://www.reaktionbooks.co.uk/display.asp?ISB=9781789143812 Matisse: Rayuwa Mai Muhimmanci ]*, Littattafan Reaktion, 2021
* *[https://www.bloomsbury.com/uk/matisses-poets-9781501326837/ Mawakan Matisse: Muhimmin Aiki a Littafin Mawakan] *, Bloomsbury Academic, 2017
* *Mata Masu Karatu a Zane-zanen Faransanci 1870–1890*, Ashgate, 2012

### An gyara

* *Al'adar Littattafan Fasaha a Turai ta ƙarni na* Ashgate, Ashgate, 2013
* *Fasaha ta Zamani Mai Hulɗa: Shiga Aiki*, IB Tauris, 2014
* *Ra'ayoyi kan Degas*, Routledge, 2017

## Manazarta
Boyne Burnett Inland Rail Trail

**Hanyar Jirgin Ƙasa ta Boyne Burnett Inland** hanya ce ta nishaɗi ga masu tafiya a ƙasa, masu keke da kuma masu hawa dawaki daga Taragaola (kusa da Calliope) zuwa Gayndah . Tana amfani da hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa da aka rufe daga Gladstone zuwa Monto da Mungar Junction zuwa Monto a Queensland, Ostiraliya.   

## Hanya
An buɗe sassa biyu kacal na Hanyar, har zuwa Satumba 2022. Sashen Gadar Kogin Burnett yana da     kudu da sashin Dawes Range Tunnel. Hanyoyin ruwa ba za su iya wucewa ba bayan ruwan sama, saboda ba za a iya amfani da gadoji ba. 

### Sashen Range na Dawes
Tsawon     Sashen ramin Dawes Range yana farawa daga Barrimoon Siding, Kalpowar kuma yana ƙarewa a Builyan, Boyne Valley .  Wannan sashe ya ƙunshi ramuka 6 tsakanin Barrimoon Siding da Golembil Siding.   Tsakanin Barrimoon Siding zuwa Golembil Siding ta cikin Dawes Range akwai kuma ra'ayoyi na duwatsu da kuma yanke da ramuka da za a gani. Hanyar kuma tana wucewa ta garin tarihi na Many Peaks tare da wuraren jan hankali na gida da aka jera. Zango kafin farawa yana samuwa a cikin Dajin Kalpowar State a yankin sansanin Kalpowar (Gladstone) ko a Titin Pine, Kalpowar. Zango yana samuwa a Builyan a ƙarshen. 

### Sashen Gadar Kogin Burnett
Idan muka nufi yamma daga kan titin Trail a Mt Debateable Railway Siding, Mt Debateable Road, Gayndah, sashen gadar kogin Burnett ya ratsa  .  An wuce gadar Red Gulley, gadar Slab Creek, gadar Spring Creek, gadar Boomerang, gadar Humphery Lambobi 1, 2 ("Gadar Imani" ko "gadar imani") da 3 da gadar Roth a kan hanyar zuwa Mundubbera . 

Daga kan titin Trail akwai ragowar gadar Reids Ck. Nisa tsakaninta da gadar shine , can da kuma baya. 

A madadin haka  Hanyar Sleeping Giant Loop Trail ta bar hanyar Reid Creek a gefen Dirnbir kuma ta bi ta Titin Dirnbir da Titin Mt Debateable don komawa kan titin Trail.  Hanyar Loop Trail ta haɗa da hanyar da za ta kai McConnell Lookout da Park tare da Renay Robinson Dve, wanda ke da matsakaicin 12%. Kayan aiki a Lookout sun haɗa da bandakunan jama'a, teburin cin abinci mai kariya, wurin kashe gobara, kwandon shara, wurin ajiye motoci, da bayanai. 

## Yanayin ƙasa

### Sashen Range na Dawes
Sashen ramin Dawes Range yana farawa ne daga kwarin kogin Boyne. Yana ratsawa ta cikin dajin jihar Glassford da kuma dajin Dawes, sannan ya ƙare a Barrimoon wanda ke kusa da dajin jihar Kalpowar. Yana ratsawa ta Glassford Creek wanda ke ratsa kogin Boyne, da kuma Coppermine da Boggy Creeks waɗanda ke ratsawa ta Glassford Creek. 

Magudanar ruwa ta Kogin Boyne ta ƙunshi garuruwan Barmundi, Benaraby, Boyne Island, Boynedale, Builyan, Golembil, Little More, Many Peaks, Nagoorin, Rodds Bay, Tannum Sands, Taraguola, Ubobo da Wietalaba.  Bai kamata a rikita wannan magudanar ruwa da magudanar ruwa ta Kogin Boyne & Auburn ba wanda ke malalawa zuwa Kogin Burnett a yammacin Mundubbera . 

## Manazarta
Gidauniyar Goa

**Gidauniyar Goa** ƙungiya ce ta ayyukan muhalli ta Indiya.  Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun mutane a Goa, an kafa ta a shekarar 1986 ta ƙungiyar masu fafutukar kare muhalli ta Goan, kowannensu yana yaƙi da muhalli daban-daban, ƙungiyar a yau tana da tasiri a fannin shari'a, gwamnati da kuma jama'a, bayan ta dage kan manufarta ta kare muhalli tsawon kusan shekaru ashirin.

Aikin Gidauniyar ya shafi fannoni da fannoni daban-daban, duk suna da alaƙa ta wata hanya ko wata tare da kiyaye muhallin Goan:

* **Shari'ar Muhalli** : Gidauniyar ta shigar da ƙararraki sama da 80 na Muradin Jama'a a Babbar Kotun da Kotun Koli ta Indiya kan batutuwan muhalli. Waɗannan ƙararrakin sun shafi haƙar ma'adinai, dazuzzuka, rairayin bakin teku, gurɓataccen yanayi daga masana'antu, tsare-tsaren gari, da sauransu.
* **Ilimi Kan Muhalli** : Ƙungiyar ta ci gaba da kasancewa a sahun gaba a ƙoƙarin ilimin muhalli tare da babban kundinta, *Fish Curry da Rice*, rahoton muhalli na 'yan ƙasa da ake sabuntawa akai-akai.  Lokaci zuwa lokaci, ƙungiyar tana gudanar da darussan dokar kare muradun jama'a ga jama'a, tare da mai da hankali sosai kan matsalolin muhalli.
* **Gudanar da Sharar Datti** : Gidauniyar ta ci gaba da aiki kan takamaiman matsalolin muhalli da ke fuskantar jihar Goa, ciki har da kula da sharar datti; don waɗannan ayyukan, gwamnatin Goa da kuma Shirin Tallafin Ƙananan Tallafin UNDP sun tallafa mata. Aikinta na baya-bayan nan a wannan fanni shine cire sharar filastik daga muhallin Goan. 
* **Nauyin Doka** : An naɗa Gidauniyar zuwa Hukumar Kula da Yankin Gabar Teku ta Jihar Goa  da kuma Kwamitin Kula da Sharar Gidaje Masu Haɗari na Kotun Koli (wanda alhakin dukkan Indiya ne). 

Gidauniyar ta taimaka wajen kafa wani kamfani mai zaman kansa mai suna Green Goa Works, wanda Wendel Rodricks, wanda aka fi sani da mai zane-zanen kayan kwalliya na Goa a duniya, ke jagoranta. An yi wa kamfanin rijista a karkashin Sashe na 25 na Dokar Kamfanin. Tana magana ne kawai kan ayyukan gyaran muhalli musamman waɗanda suka shafi hanyoyin zubar da sharar gida marasa lahani ga muhalli.

Kotun Kore ta Kasa (NGT) ta ba da izinin neman izinin gina gadar Tiracol da Gidauniyar Goa ta gabatar. Kotun ta nuna cewa hukumomin gwamnati za su sa ido kan ginin don kiyaye ka'idojin muhalli da aka tsara. 

## Manazarta
Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta New Zealand

**Cibiyar Lafiyar Muhalli ta New Zealand** (NZIEH) ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta, mai zaman kanta, wadda ke haɓaka mafi kyawun ayyuka a fannin lafiyar muhalli kuma tana wakiltar waɗanda ke aiki a fannonin kare muhalli da lafiya a New Zealand .  An kafa ta a matsayin ƙungiya a cikin 1920 kuma memba ce ta Ƙungiyar Lafiyar Muhalli ta Duniya. 

## Ayyuka
Wakili daga NZIEH yana cikin kwamitin da ya samar da ma'aunin NZS 6806 na 2010 akan "Acoustics - hayaniyar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa" a madadin Standards New Zealand. 

## Manazarta
STINAPA Bonaire

**STINAPA Bonaire** ko **National Parks Bonaire Foundation** (Dutch) ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta da ke da alhakin kula da wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa a Bonaire a Caribbean Netherlands . STINAPA memba ce ta ƙungiyar Dutch Caribbean Nature Alliance.

An ƙirƙiri STINAPA Bonaire a ƙarshen shekarun 1980 a matsayin magajin STINAPA NA (  ), wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1962 don karewa da kuma kula da yanayi a Antilles na Netherlands . An fara ayyukan farko a Bonaire inda aka kafa Washington Slagbaai National Park a shekarar 1969. A wannan shekarar, an ƙara Bonaire National Marine Park . Bayan haka, an fara ayyuka, da sauransu, Curaçao da Saba, kuma a ƙarshen shekarun 1980 an kafa tushe daban-daban a duk tsibiran Antillean. 

## Manazarta
Rosalind Polly Blakesley

**Rosalind Polly Blakesley** ( née **Gray** ) marubuciya ce mai lambar yabo,  masanin tarihin fasaha kuma malami,  kuma digirin digirgir na Kwalejin Pembroke, Cambridge a yanzu.   Ta koyar da tarihin fasaha a Jami'ar Cambridge, ta kasance memba na Kwalejin Pembroke tun 2002, kuma Farfesa ce a fannin Fasaha ta Rasha da Turai tun 2018. Ta taɓa yin aiki a Kwalejin Sarauniya, Oxford, Cibiyar Tarihin Fasaha ta Rasha, Jami'ar Newcastle, da Jami'ar Kent . 

## Aikin ilimi
Blakesley Farfesa ce a fannin Fasaha ta Rasha da Turai a Jami'ar Cambridge, kuma memba ce a Kwalejin Pembroke, Cambridge, kuma wacce ta kafa Cibiyar Fasaha ta Rasha ta Cambridge Courtauld. Ta kasance memba a Cibiyar Tarihi ta Fitzwilliam, Amintaccen Samuel Courtauld Trust, kuma tsohuwar Amintaccen Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa da ke Landan, ta shirya nune-nunen nune-nune a Burtaniya, Rasha da Amurka, ciki har da *Rasha da Fasaha: Zamanin Tolstoy da Tchaikovsky* a Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa a 2016. 

Littafin Blakesley na baya-bayan nan, The Russian Canvas: Painting in Imperial Russia 1757-1881, an ba shi kyautar Littafin Rasha ta Pushkin House, kyautar Mafi Kyawun Littattafai na Jaridar Fasaha ta Rasha, da kuma ambaton girmamawa daga Kwamitin Kyautar Heldt don Mafi Kyawun Littattafai na Mace a Nazarin Slavic. Sauran littattafan sun haɗa da Rasha da Fasaha (2016), The Arts and Crafts Movement (2006) da kuma Nau'in Zane na Rasha a ƙarni na Nineteenth (2000, a ƙarƙashin sunanta na farko na Gray), da kuma kundin da aka gyara tare da su daga From Realism to the Silver Age (2014), Russian Art and the West (2007), da An Imperial Collection: Women Artists from the State Hermitage Museum (kasidar wani baje kolin Blakesley da aka shirya a Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa na Mata a Fasaha, Washington DC, a 2003).

A shekarar 2017, Tarayyar Rasha ta ba Blakesley lambar yabo ta Pushkin saboda ayyukan da ta yi wa dangantakar Anglo-Russia da fasahar Rasha.  A shekarar 2020, an zabi littafinta kan Catherine the Great a matsayin wanda zai shiga gasar kyautar littafin mujallar Apollo na shekara. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
A shekara ta 2001, Rosalind Gray ta auri Patrick James Blakesley,  lauya da KC .  Tare suna da 'ya'ya biyu. 

## Littattafai da aka zaɓa

* *Zane-zanen Rasha a ƙarni na sha tara* . Oxford, 2000. ( Tarihin Oxford Monographs ) (ƙarƙashin sunan farko Rosalind P. Gray)
* *Tarin Sarauta: Mata Masu Zane-zane daga Gidan Tarihi na Jihar Hermitage* . London, 2003. (mai taimakawa edita kuma mai ba da gudummawa)
* *Ƙungiyar Fasaha da Sana'o'i* . London, 2006.
* *Fasaha ta Rasha da Yamma: Ƙarni na Tattaunawa a Zane, Gine-gine da Fasahar Ado* . DeKalb, Ill., 2007. (mai haɗin gwiwa kuma mai ba da gudummawa)
* *Daga Gaskiya Zuwa Zamanin Azurfa: Sabbin Nazari a Al'adun Fasaha na Rasha* . DeKalb, Ill., 2014. (mai haɗin gwiwa kuma mai ba da gudummawa)
* *Zane na Rasha: Zane a cikin Daular Rasha, 1757-1878* . New Haven da London, 2016. 

## Manazarta
Katharine Butler

Katharine Jibba Butler (an haife ta a watan Nuwamba 1967) 'yar kasuwa ce 'yar Birtaniya kuma masaniyar fasaha.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Butler a Landan a watan Nuwamba na 1967. Ita 'yar jami'in diflomasiyyar Burtaniya ce Sir Michael Butler da Ann Clyde, 'yar James Latham Clyde, Lord Clyde .  Ta wurin mahaifiyarta ita ma jikanyar James Avon Clyde ce, Lord Clyde da Peter Wallwork Latham . Ta girma a Geneva, New York City, da Brussels .  Iyayenta sun rabu a shekarar 1997. 

## Sana'a
Butler ta yi karatun tarihin fasaha a Jami'ar Edinburgh .  Ta gudanar da harkokin kasuwanci na dillalai da shigo da kaya daga ƙasashen waje a Jamhuriyar Czech, ciki har da Sparkys, wani jerin shagunan kayan wasa da suka haɗa da shagon kayan wasa mai hawa da yawa a Prague . Ta kuma kafa kuma tana gudanar da kamfanin rarrabawa, ciki har da kayayyakin jarirai na Chicco daga Italiya da kuma tufafin Loap . A shekarar 2015 ta sayar da kasuwancinta kan Yuro miliyan 15. 

Daga baya ta ƙirƙiri Freebike, wani kamfanin haya kekuna da ke Landan, tare da ɗan'uwanta, Charles.  Ta kuma yi aiki tare da Charles don sake buɗe wani gidan tarihi, gami da tarin fale-falen ƙasar Sin na mahaifinta.  A shekarar 2021 Katharine ta buga wani littafi mai suna "Leaping The Dragon Gate"  . Wannan littafin yana murnar tarin fale-falen ƙasar Sin mafi mahimmanci a ƙarni na 17 a duniya, wanda mahaifinta, fitaccen Sir Michael Butler, ya haɗa.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Butler ya auri ɗan kasuwan Switzerland Sebastian Pawlowski. Daga baya suka rabu. Ita da Pawlowski suna da ɗa ɗaya.  

Tana zaune a Waterston Manor, wani gidan ƙauye na ƙarni na 17 a Puddletown, Dorset . 

A shekarar 2017, Butler ya fara dangantaka da Kyril, Yariman Presslav (ɗan Simeon na biyu na Bulgaria ), wanda ya rabu da matarsa, Rosario, Gimbiya ta Presslav .  

## Manazarta
Jill Burke

**Jill Burke** ƙwararriyar masaniyar tarihi 'yar Birtaniya ce, kuma marubuciya, wadda aka fi sani da aikinta kan fasaha da al'adun Renaissance na Italiya .

Ita ce Farfesa a fannin Al'adun gani da kayan tarihi na Renaissance a Makarantar Tarihi, Gargajiya da Ilimin Tarihi ta Jami'ar Edinburgh .   Ayyukanta sun bayyana a cikin *[[The Guardian|Jaridar Guardian]]*  da *Jaridar Daily Telegraph*,  da BBC Radio 4. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Burke a Leeds, Birtaniya kuma ta yi karatu a Makarantar Benton Park . Ta kammala karatun digirinta na farko a fannin Tarihin Zamani a Kwalejin Trinity ta Oxford, sannan ta ci gaba da karatun digiri na biyu sannan ta yi digiri na uku a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Courtauld .

Ta kasance daliba ta uku a fannin digiri na uku a Villa I Tatti, Cibiyar Nazarin Renaissance ta Jami'ar Harvard a shekarar 2000–2001, kuma ta shiga Tarihin Fasaha a Jami'ar Edinburgh a matsayin Jami'ar Bincike a shekarar 2003, sannan ta ci gaba da zama malamar makaranta, babbar malamar makaranta kuma shugabar Kwalejin Fasaha ta Edinburgh bayan haɗewar cibiyoyin biyu a shekarar 2011. Ta koma sashen Tarihi a shekarar 2024.

## Ayyuka

* *Canjin Abokan Ciniki: Asalin Zamantakewa da Fasahar Kayayyaki a Renaissance Florence,* 2004. 
* wanda aka gyara *Sake Tunanin Babban Renaissance,* Routledge, 2012. ISBN&nbsp;
* *Nudin Renaissance na Italiya,* Jami'ar Yale, 2018. ISBN&nbsp;
* tare da gyara *The Renaissance Nude*, 2018–2019,
* *Yadda Ake Zama Mace Mai Farfadowa a Renaissance,* 2024       

## Manazarta
Green Party na Switzerland

The **Green Party of Switzerland** jam'iyyar siyasa ce mai launin kore a Switzerland .   Ita ce jam'iyya ta biyar mafi girma a Majalisar Ƙasa ta Switzerland kuma babbar jam'iyya da ba ta da wakilci a Majalisar Tarayya . 

## Tarihi
An kafa jam'iyyar Green ta farko a Switzerland, MPE, a matsayin jam'iyyar gida a shekarar 1971 a garin Neuchâtel . A shekarar 1979, an zabi Daniel Brélaz a Majalisar Kasa a matsayin dan majalisar Green na farko a matakin kasa (a Switzerland da kuma a duniya). An kafa jam'iyyun Green na gida da na yanki a garuruwa da yankuna daban-daban a cikin shekaru masu zuwa.

A shekarar 1983, an ƙirƙiri ƙungiyoyin jam'iyyun kore guda biyu daban-daban: a watan Mayu, ƙungiyoyin kore daban-daban na gida sun haɗu a Fribourg don kafa *Federation of Green Parties of Switzerland*, kuma a watan Yuni, wasu ƙungiyoyin hagu-dama sun kafa *Green Alternative Party of Switzerland* a Bern. A shekarar 1990, wani yunƙuri na haɗa waɗannan ƙungiyoyi ya gaza. Bayan haka, wasu ƙungiyoyin membobi daga *Green Alternative Party* sun shiga *Federation of Green Parties* wanda ya zama jam'iyyar Green ta *ƙasa* . A shekarar 1993, *Federation of Green Parties* ta canza sunanta zuwa *Green Party of Switzerland* . 

A shekarar 1986, membobin farko biyu na Greens na gwamnatin kantonal sun zama membobin *Regierungsrat* na Bern.

A shekarar 1987, Jam'iyyar Green Party ta Switzerland ta shiga Tarayyar Turai ta Jam'iyyun Green Party .

A shekarun 1990, membobin Jam'iyyar Green Party sun zama magajin gari, membobin babbar kotun, har ma da shugaban gwamnatin yankin ( Verena Diener a 1999).

A shekara ta 2007, reshen jam'iyyar mai matsakaicin ra'ayi ya rabu ya kafa jam'iyyar Green Liberal Party ta Switzerland .

Tare da karuwar ra'ayoyin 'yan ra'ayin mazan jiya da na jama'a, jam'iyyar Greens ta ci gaba da rasa goyon baya a Switzerland. A zaben tarayya na 2023, sun zo na biyar. 

## Manufofi

An bayyana jam'iyyar a matsayin mai matsakaicin matsayi a hagu   zuwa hagu .   Manufofin jam'iyyar na gargajiya sun ta'allaka ne kan muhalli da hanyoyin sufuri na kore. Dangane da manufofin ƙasashen waje, masu sassaucin ra'ayi sun ta'allaka ne kan hanyar budewa da zaman lafiya . A manufofin tattalin arziki, masu sassaucin ra'ayi suna tsakiya da hagu . Yawancin masu sassaucin ra'ayi suna goyon bayan shigar Switzerland cikin Tarayyar Turai .  A cikin manufofin shige da fice, masu sassaucin ra'ayi suna goyon bayan ƙarin shirye-shiryen haɗin gwiwa ga baƙi. Masu sassaucin ra'ayi suna goyon bayan matakan ƙara ingancin makamashi, adawa da makamashin nukiliya, da kuma tallafawa haɓaka farashin makamashi da mai. A cewar manufofinsu, ya kamata a ware kudaden shiga da aka samu ga kashe kuɗin tsaro na zamantakewa .

## Manazarta
Nondumiso Sibiya

**Nondumiso Sibiya** ƴar kasuwa ce ta muhalli kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a ta Afirka ta Kudu. Ita ce wadda ta kafa dandalin sarrafa shara na **Boombadotmobi** (wanda aka fi sani da Boomba.mobi), wanda ke mai da hankali kan tattara shara da sake amfani da ita a cikin al'ummomin da ba su da isasshen amfani kamar Diepsloot, Johannesburg. 

## Sana'a
Sibiya ta haɗu ta kafa Boombadotmobi a matsayin wani shiri na jama'a don yaƙi da zubar da shara ba bisa ƙa'ida ba da kuma haɓaka wayar da kan jama'a game da muhalli a garuruwan Afirka ta Kudu.  Dandalin yana ba wa mutane damar musanya sharar da aka tattara da abubuwan da suka zama dole kamar abinci, tufafi, da kayan wanka.  Ɗaya daga cikin manyan sabbin abubuwan da aka ƙirƙira shi ne amfani da gonakin tsutsotsi don mayar da sharar abinci zuwa takin zamani, wanda ke haifar da tattalin arziki mai zagaye na gida da kuma fa'idodin muhalli. 

## Ganewa
A shekarar 2019, Sibiya ta sami **kyautar Fairlady Santam Rising Star Award** a matsayin wani ɓangare na kyaututtukan *mata na gaba* na shekara-shekara, wanda ke ba da fifiko ga 'yan kasuwa mata masu tasiri a Afirka ta Kudu. 

## Tasiri
An nuna ayyukan Sibiya a kafafen yada labarai na ƙasa saboda sabuwar hanyarta ta dorewa, haɗa kasuwanci, sarrafa sharar gida, da ci gaban zamantakewa. An san tsarinta da iyawarta na magance matsalolin tsarin kamar rashin isasshen abinci, sharar birane, da rashin aikin yi a matsugunan da ba na yau da kullun ba. 

## Manazarta