Bill Hayden

**William George Hayden** (23 Janairu 1933 - 21 Oktoba 2023) ɗan siyasa ne na Australiya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin gwamna na 21 na Australiya daga 1989 zuwa 1996. Ya kasance Shugaban Jam'iyyar Labour kuma Shugaban 'Yan adawa daga 1977 zuwa 1983, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Waje da Ciniki daga 1983 zuwa 1988 a ƙarƙashin Bob Hawke da kuma Ma'ajin Kuɗi na Australiya a 1975 a ƙarƙashin Gough Whitlam .

An haifi Hayden a Brisbane, Queensland . Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Brisbane sannan ya shiga 'Yan sandan Queensland, yana aiki a matsayin jami'in 'yan sanda na tsawon shekaru takwas yayin da yake karatun tattalin arziki na ɗan lokaci a Jami'ar Queensland . An zaɓi Hayden a Majalisar Wakilai a zaɓen tarayya na 1961, yana da shekaru 28 - tare da Manfred Cross da Doug McClelland, Hayden shine ɗan majalisar Labour da aka zaɓa na farko da ya rage a lokacin mutuwarsa.  Lokacin da Gough Whitlam ya jagoranci Jam'iyyar Labour zuwa ga nasara a 1972, an naɗa Hayden Ministan Tsaron Jama'a . Ya maye gurbin Jim Cairns a matsayin ma'aji a 1975, amma ya yi aiki na tsawon watanni biyar kacal kafin a kori gwamnati .

A farkon shekarar 1977, Hayden ya ƙalubalanci Whitlam a matsayin shugaban jam'iyya kuma an kayar da shi da ƙuri'u biyu kacal. Ya kayar da Lionel Bowen don maye gurbin Whitlam a matsayin Shugaban 'Yan adawa a ƙarshen shekara, bayan shan kayen da Labour ta sha a zaɓen 1977. Hayden ya jagoranci jam'iyyar zuwa zaɓen 1980, inda ya samu gagarumin sauyi amma bai samu nasara ba. An maye gurbinsa da Bob Hawke 'yan makonni kaɗan kafin zaɓen 1983, bayan watanni da aka yi ana hasashe. Hayden ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Waje da Ciniki daga 1983 zuwa 1988, sannan ya bar majalisar dokoki don ɗaukar kujerar gwamna. Ya riƙe wannan matsayi na tsawon shekaru bakwai; Lord Gowrie ne kawai ya yi aiki na tsawon lokaci.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Hayden a ranar 23 ga Janairu, 1933 a Asibitin Lady Bowen da ke Spring Hill, Queensland . Shi ne ɗan fari da Violet Quinn da George Hayden suka haifa, waɗanda suka yi aure 'yan makonni bayan haihuwarsa.  Yana da ƙane da ƙannensa mata biyu,  da kuma babban ɗan'uwansa daga auren mahaifiyarsa na farko wanda goggo ta rene shi.  Iyayensa duka sun yi aure a baya wanda ya ƙare da zawarawa. 

Mahaifin Hayden matukin jirgin ruwa ne ɗan Amurka, wataƙila an haife shi a California,  wanda ya yi tsalle a Sydney shekaru kaɗan kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya. Ya yi aiki a matsayin mai gyaran piano da mai sayar da kayan kida, ya koma Rockhampton, Queensland, a farkon shekarun 1920. Yana da ra'ayoyi masu tsauri na siyasa kuma memba ne na Ma'aikatan Masana'antu na Duniya .  An haifi mahaifiyar Hayden a Brandon, Queensland, ga dangin ma'aikata na asalin Irish.  Bayan mutuwar mijinta na farko, mai aski, ta yi aiki a Rockhampton a matsayin mai hidimar mashaya.  Ma'auratan sun ƙaura zuwa Brisbane a lokacin Babban Mawuyacin Halin Kunci . 

### Mutuwa
Hayden ya mutu a Queensland a ranar 21 ga Oktoba, 2023, bayan doguwar rashin lafiya yana da shekaru 90;   shekaru tara bayan mutuwar Gough Whitlam . Firayim Minista Anthony Albanese ne ya yi bikin tunawa da mutuwarsa, wanda ya sanar da cewa za a girmama Hayden da jana'izar gwamnati .   

Matar Hayden, Dallas, memba na Order of Australia, ta mutu a ranar 15 ga Janairu 2024, ƙasa da watanni uku bayan mijinta. 

### MANAZARTA