Guguwar zafi a Ostiraliya na shekara ta 2024

Farawa a tsakiyar watan Disamba na shekara ta 2024, Ostiraliya ta fuskanci mummunan zafi wanda ya shafi jihohi da yankuna da yawa, tare da yanayin zafi ya wuce  ° C (113 ° F) a cikin ƙauyuka masu yawa. Rashin zafi ya kawo yanayin zafi sama da matsakaici a tsakiyar watan Disamba, tare da yankuna da yawa da ke fuskantar yanayin zafi 12-16 ° C sama da dabi'un yanayi. Wannan taron ya kasance mai tsananin yanayin zafi na rana da yanayin zafi na dare, tare da yankuna da yawa ba sauka ƙasa da  ° C (86 ° F) a cikin rana da dare.&nbsp;

## Yanayin yanayi
A tsakiyar watan Disamba na shekara ta 2024, Ostiraliya ta fuskanci guguwar zafi mai tsanani wanda ya shafi jihohi da yankuna da yawa, tare da yanayin zafi ya wuce 40 ° C (104 ° F) a wurare da yawa. Ofishin Meteorology (BoM) ya bayyana wannan taron a matsayin mai tsanani zuwa matsanancin zafi a duk faɗin Arewacin Australia kuma mai tsanani zuwa ƙananan ƙarfi a yankunan kudu maso gabas.&nbsp;&nbsp;

A cewar babban masanin ilimin yanayi na Ofishin Meteorology (BoM) Dean Narramore, yanayin zafi ya haifar da yanayin zafi wanda ya kawo haɗuwa da zafi, iska mai bushe, da iska mai ƙarfi a duk faɗin ƙasar. An bayyana yanayin a matsayin abin mamaki ga kakar, musamman a Yankin Arewa, inda za a sa ran yanayin ruwan sama a wannan lokacin. Ya yi hasashen cewa yanayin zafi zai zama mafi zafi da aka lura a Ostiraliya tun lokacin "Black Summer" zafi a cikin 2019-2020. BoM ta bayyana cewa wani yanki mai matsin lamba a cikin sararin samaniya ya ƙarfafa kuma ya kasance a tsaye a kan yankuna na Ostiraliya na dogon lokaci.

### New South Wales da ACT

* Smithville -    a ranar 16 ga Disamba 

### Yankin Arewa

* Jervois -    a ranar 16 ga Disamba 

### Queensland

* Urandangi -    a ranar 16 ga Disamba 
* Birdsville -    a ranar 26 ga Disamba 

### Kudancin Australia

* Renmark -    a ranar 16 ga Disamba 

### Tasmania

* Low Rocky Point -    a ranar 16 ga Disamba 

### Victoria

* Walpeup -    a ranar 16 ga Disamba 

### Yammacin Ostiraliya

* Mardia -    a ranar 16 ga Disamba 
* Roebourne -    a ranar 16 ga Disamba 

## Tasirin

### Hadarin muhalli
A ranar 16 ga watan Disamba, hukumomi sun ba da gargadi game da yiwuwar kashe kifi a cikin tsarin Darling River, musamman a kusa da Menindee Lakes a yammacin New South Wales. Barazanar ta fito ne sakamakon matsanancin yanayin zafi wanda ya haifar da zafi, ja da yawa faɗakarwa ga blue-green algae, da kuma karatun da aka ɗauka a wurare da yawa da ke nuna ƙananan matakan oxygen, wanda ya haifar le damuwa game da maimaitawar taron Maris 2023 wanda ya haifar ni kusan mutuwar kifi miliyan 30.

### Hadarin wuta
Hukumar Wutar Lantarki ta Kasa (CFA) ta aiwatar da haramtacciyar wuta a Victoria a ranar 15 ga watan Disamba, tare da jami'ai da ke tsammanin cewa matsanancin yanayi zai koma sassa na arewa maso yammacin jihar a ranar 16 ga watan Disambar. Babban Jami'in kashe gobara na CFA Jason Heffernan ya jaddada yanayin ƙalubale ga masu kashe gobara kuma ya bukaci 'yan ƙasa kada su gamsu da yiwuwar haɗari. Kudancin Australia ta ba da gargadi mai tsanani na haɗarin wuta a ranar 15 ga Disamba, yayin da New South Wales ta yi hasashen haɗarin wuta mai yawa a yankuna na ciki a ranar 16 ga Disamba. An kuma bayar da gargadi na haɗarin wuta mai tsanani ga yankin Melbourne.

Sabon Sabon Sabanin Kula da Wutar Lantarki na Karkara na New South Wales Ben Shepherd ya lura da karuwar haɗarin wuta duk da ruwan sama na baya-bayan nan saboda bushewar ciyayi da kuma hasashen aikin tsawa, yana nuna damuwa game da tafiye-tafiye na hutu wanda ya dace da yanayin haɗari.

An yi hasashen haɗarin wuta mai tsanani ga yankunan da ke kusa da Dutsen Lofty a Kudancin Ostiraliya, wanda ya kara muni ta hanyar hasashen tsawa mai bushe.

An yi hasashen cewa Tasmania za ta sami guguwa mai bushe, iskar cikin gida na 50-60 km / h da gusts na bakin teku wanda zai iya kaiwa 90 km / h, yana haifar da damuwa game da gobarar da aka yi da walƙiya a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi.&nbsp;&nbsp;

### Lafiya da Infrastructure
Hukumomin kiwon lafiya sun jaddada haɗarin damuwa ta zafi da cututtukan da suka shafi zafi.

An soke makarantu da yawa a Victoria ko kuma an sake su a ranar 16 ga watan Disamba saboda matsanancin zafi ko haɗarin gobarar daji. Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Victoria ta ba da faɗakarwa ga kamfanoni 38 daban-daban na masana'antu da ke gargadi su da su rage samar da ƙurar su.

## Manazarta