open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Oakland, California

Oakland birni ne, da ke a yankin Gabashin Bay na yankin San Francisco Bay a Jihar California ta Amurka. Ita ce kujerar gundumar kuma birni mafi yawan jama'a a gundumar Alameda, mai yawan jama'a 440,646 a cikin 2020. Babban tashar tashar jiragen ruwa ta Yamma, Oakland ita ce birni mafi yawan jama'a a Gabashin Bay, birni na uku mafi yawan jama'a a yankin Bay, kuma birni na takwas mafi yawan jama'a a California. Tana aiki a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci ta Bay Area: Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Oakland ita ce tashar jiragen ruwa mafi yawan zirga-zirga a Arewacin California, kuma ta biyar ko ta shida mafi yawan kasuwanci a Amurka. an haɗa birnin Oakland a ranar 4 ga Mayu, 1852, a sakamakon karuwar yawan jama'ar jihar saboda gudun zinare na California

Ƙasar Oakland ta ƙunshi abin da ya taɓa zama mosaic na California Coastal terrace prairie, itacen oak, da gogewar bakin tekun arewa.

### Tarihi
''Babban labarin: Tarihin Oakland, California
### Zaman Ohlone
Sanannen mazauna yankin su ne ’yan kabilar Huchiun, wadanda suka zauna a wurin tsawon dubban shekaru. Huchiun ya kasance na ƙungiyar harshe daga baya da ake kira Ohlone (kalmar Miwok ma'ana "mutanen yamma"). A Oakland, an tattara su a kusa da Lake Merritt da Temescal Creek, rafi da ke shiga San Francisco Bay a Emeryville.

### Zamanin Mutanen Espanya da Mexico

Oakland da yawancin Gabashin Bay wani yanki ne na Rancho San Antonio, wanda aka ba Luís María Peralta a cikin 1820. Anan hoton dangin Peralta a hacienda a Oakland, c. 1840.
A cikin 1772, yankin da ya zama Oakland daga baya ya zama mulkin mallaka, tare da sauran California, ta hanyar mazauna Spain ga Sarkin Spain. A farkon karni na 19, kambin Mutanen Espanya ya ba da yankin Gabashin Bay ga Luis María Peralta don Rancho San Antonio. Jamhuriyyar Mexico mai jiran gado ta tabbatar da tallafin bayan samun 'yancin kai daga Spain. Bayan mutuwarsa a 1842, Peralta ya raba ƙasarsa tsakanin 'ya'yansa hudu. Yawancin Oakland suna cikin hannun jarin da aka ba Antonio Maria da Vicente. bangaren fakitin da ake kira Oakland a yanzu ana kiransa Encinar (wanda aka yi kuskure tun da wuri kuma an ci gaba da shi a matsayin "encinal") - Mutanen Espanya don "tsaron itacen oak" - saboda babban daji na itacen oak wanda ya rufe yankin, wanda a ƙarshe ya haifar da sunan birnin.

## Manazarta
Markham, Ontario

Markham (/ ˈmɑːrkəm/) birni ne, da ke a yankin York, Ontario, Kanada. Yana da kusan kilomita 30 (mita 19) arewa maso gabas da Downtown Toronto. A cikin ƙidayar jama'a ta 2021, Markham yana da yawan jama'a 338,503,  wanda ya sanya shi mafi girma a Yankin York, mafi girma na huɗu a Babban Yankin Toronto (GTA), kuma 16th mafi girma a Kanada.

Garin ya sami suna daga Laftanar-Gwamnan Upper Canada na farko, John Graves Simcoe (a ofishin 1791 – 1796), wanda ya sanya wa yankin sunan abokinsa, William Markham, Archbishop na York daga 1776 zuwa 1807.

## Tarihi
Tsohon Town Hall na Markham
Babban labarin: Tarihin Markham, Ontario
'Yan asalin ƙasar sun zauna a yankin Markham na yau tun daga ƙarshen Ice Age na ƙarshe kuma garin yana kan yankin gargajiya na Haudenosaunee (Iroquois), Huron Wendat, Petun da mutanen Neutral.  A farkon shekarun 1600, lokacin da masu bincike daga Faransa suka zo, sun ci karo da Huron-Wendat First NationAn haɗa kusurwar kudu maso yammacin Markham a cikin Yarjejeniyar 13, wanda aka sani da Siyan Toronto na 1787, wanda ya canza kusan kadada 250,800 na ƙasa daga mutanen Mississauga zuwa Masarautar Birtaniyya don shillings 10 da haƙƙin kamun kifi akan kogin Etobicoke.  Ragowar ƙasar Markham (kusan gabashin Woodbine Avenue/Highway 404) an rufe shi da Siyan Johnson-Butler na 1787-88 (aka Yarjejeniyar Gunshot) kuma bisa ƙa'ida ta yarjejeniyar Williams, wacce aka sanya hannu a cikin 1923.

## Hoton hoto
Matsakaicin tsayin Markham yana kan 200 m (660 ft) kuma gabaɗaya ya ƙunshi tuddai masu birgima a hankali. Koguna biyu ne suka hada garin; kogin Don da kuma kogin Rouge, da kuma yankunansu. A arewa akwai Oak Ridges Moraine, wanda ke ƙara haɓaka hawan zuwa arewa.

## Manazarta
Vaughan

Vaughan (/vɔːn/ vawn) (yawan yawan jama'a 2022 344,412) [2] birni ne, da ke a cikin Ontario, Kanada. Tana cikin Gundumar Yanki na York, arewa da Toronto. Vaughan ita ce gundumar da ta fi saurin girma a Kanada tsakanin shekarar alif 1996 da 2006 tare da yawan jama'arta ya karu da kashi 80.2% a wannan lokacin kuma kusan ninki biyu a yawan jama'a tun daga shekarar alif 1991. A cikin shekarar alif 2021, yawan jama'ar Vaughan ya kasance 323,103. Ita ce birni na biyar mafi girma a cikin Babban Yankin Toronto, kuma birni na 17 mafi girma a Kanada.
## Asalin samunsa
An ba wa garin suna bayan Benjamin Vaughan, kwamishinan Biritaniya wanda ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da Amurka a shekarar alif 1783.

## Tarihi
A ƙarshen lokacin tuntuɓar, mutanen Huron-Wendat sun cika abin da yake a yau Vaughan. Kauyen Wendat na kakannin Skandatut ya yi watsi da reshen gabashin Kogin Humber (Pine Valley Drive) kuma ya taɓa zama gida ga kusan Huron 2,000 a ƙarni na sha shida.Wurin yana kusa da wani kabari na Huron (jama'a kabari) da aka gano a Kleinburg a cikin shekarar alif 1970, kuma kilomita ɗaya daga arewacin ƙasar.

## Manazarta
Abdul Amir Yarallah

Janar **Abdul Amir Rashid Yarallah** (Larabci: عبد امير رشيد يار الله; an haife shi 18 ga Agusta 1964) Janar ne na sojojin Iraki wanda a halin yanzu yake aiki a matsayin Babban Hafsan Hafsoshin Sojojin Iraki, yana aiki a matsayin tun ranar 8 ga Yuni, 2020.

## Manazarta
Gatineau

Gatineau (/ ˈɡætɪnoʊ/ GAT-in-oh; Faransanci: [ɡatino] ⓘ) birni ne, da ke kudu maso yammacin Quebec, a ƙasar Kanada. Tana kan iyakar arewacin kogin Ottawa, kai tsaye daga Ottawa, Ontario. Gatineau ita ce birni mafi girma a cikin yankin gudanarwa na Outaouais na Quebec kuma yana cikin Yankin Babban Birnin Kanada. Tun daga 2021, Gatineau shine birni na huɗu mafi girma a Quebec tare da yawan jama'a 291,041.  Gatineau kuma wani yanki ne na yanki na ƙidayar Ottawa-Gatineau tare da yawan jama'a 1,488,307, wanda ya mai da shi na huɗu mafi girma a Kanada. ][ 

Gatineau yana da yanki tare da yanki wanda yake daidai da karamar hukumar yanki (TE) da sashin ƙidayar jama'a (CD) mai suna iri ɗaya, wanda lambar yanki ta 81. Ita ce wurin zama na gundumar shari'a ta Hull.

Hakanan birni ne mafi yawan harsuna biyu (Faransa-Ingilishi) a Kanada.

## Haduwar yanki
A cikin 1613, a lokacin da ya fara tafiya a kan kogin Ottawa, babban mai bincike Samuel de Champlain shi ne Bature na farko da ya yi magana game da "kogin da ya fito daga arewa", ya yi tafiya na tsawon shekaru dubu ta hanyar Aboriginal, amma bai ambaci sunansa ba. A shekara ta 1721, ɗan ƙasar Kanada Noël Beaupré ya rubuta kogin, amma bai ba shi suna ba. A takaice dai, ba a yi amfani da sunan Gatineau a sabuwar Faransa ba.

A gaskiya ma, sai a 1783 ne aka ambaci kogin a matsayin Lettinoe a cikin wani rahoto da Laftanar David Jones ya yi wa Gwamnan Quebec, Sir Frederic Haldimand. A cikin 1817, taswirar Theodore Davis ya nuna Gatteno, sunan da aka ɗauka tare da Gatino, Gateno da Gattino akan tsare-tsaren da Philemon Wright, wanda ya kafa Hull Township, da Laftanar-Karnar John By, injiniyan da ke da alhakin gina Canal Rideau.

Sai a 1821 sunan Gatineau ya fara bayyana akan taswirar Garin Nepean, Ontario. Irin wannan suna ya sake bayyana a taswirar William Henderson na 1831, kuma a kan wani zane bayan shekaru 30 da masanin binciken 

## Manazarta
Richmond hill

Richmond Hill  (yawan yawan jama'a na 2021: 202,022) birni ne, da ke a yankin kudu maso tsakiyar York, Ontario, Kanada. Wani yanki na Babban Yankin Toronto, shine yanki na uku mafi yawan jama'a a Yankin York da kuma birni na 27th mafi yawan jama'a a Kanada. Richmond Hill yana tsakanin garuruwan Markham da Vaughan, arewacin Thornhill, da kudancin Aurora.

Richmond Hill ya ga gagarumin ci gaban jama'a tun daga shekarun 1990. Ya zama birni a cikin 2019 bayan zama gari tun 1957. Garin gida ne ga na'urar hangen nesa ta David Dunlap, mafi girman na'urar hangen nesa a Kanada.

## Tarihi

Ƙauyen Richmond Hill, tare da tambarin asali
Ƙauyen Richmond Hill an haɗa shi da wani ka'ida na Majalisar gundumar York a ranar 18 ga Yuni, 1872,  yana aiki a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1873. A cikin Satumba 1956, Hukumar Municipal ta Ontario ta amince da daukakarta zuwa matsayin Gari, wanda ya fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1957.

An kafa Karamar Hukumar bYanki ta York ta Bill 102 Dokar Kafa Gundumar Yankin York na majalisar dokokin lardin, ta wuce ranar 26 ga Yuni, 1970, kuma ta fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1971 ] Dokar ta fadada iyakokin Richmond Hill, tare da hade sassan Whitchurch Township, Markham Township, Garin Vaughan da King Township zuwa Dutsen Richmond, yana fadada yankin daga kadada 1,700 (6.9 km2) zuwa kadada 27,000 (110 km2) da yawan jama'a daga kadan sama da 19,300,000. A tarihi an daure garin tare da kunkuntar titin Yonge daga Lots 48 zuwa 46 (game da titin Crosby zuwa Manjo Mackenzie Drive), har zuwa gabas har zuwa titin Church da ɗan yamma da Mill Pond (ban da Lutu 46 inda ya ƙare a arewacin Arnold Crescent ko gabashin ƙarshen Don Head Park na yau). Garin ya girma ya mamaye al'ummomin Gormley, Dollar, Langstaff, Carrville, Headford, Elgin Mills, Jefferson, Bond Lake

## manazarta
Barry Dwolatzky

**Barry Dwolatzky** (29 Afrilu 1952 - 16 Mayu 2023) injiniyan software ne na Afirka ta Kudu. Ya kasance farfesa na farko a Jami'ar Witwatersrand Joburg Center for Software Engineering. Dwolatzky ya kasance a jami'ar Jama'a ta kwamitin ba da shawara kan kimiyyar kwamfuta. Ya kasance mai fafutukar yaki da nuna wariyar launin fata  kuma a ƙarshen shekarun shekarar 1980 ya shiga reshen da ke ɗauke da makamai na Majalisar Wakilan Afirka, Umkhonto we Sizwe ("mashin al'umma"). 

## Ilimi
Dwolatzky ya kammala karatun digiri na farko na Kimiyya a shekarar 1975 da Ph.D. a cikin shekarar 1979, duka a Injiniyanci na lantarki a Jami'ar Witwatersrand. Ya kasance mai bincike na postdoctoral a Jami'ar Manchester Cibiyar Kimiyya da Fasaha da GEC Marconi.

## Aiki
A cikin shekarar 1989, Dwolatzky ya shiga Jami'ar Witwatersrand a matsayin babban malami, ya zama cikakken farfesa a shekarar 2000. Ya kasance farfesa na farko a Cibiyar Injiniyanci ta Fasaha ta Joburg. Dwolatzky ya kasance a jami'ar Jama'a ta kwamitin ba da shawara kan kimiyyar kwamfuta.

Dwolatzky ɗan'uwa ne na Cibiyar Injiniyoyin Lantarki ta Afirka ta Kudu da Cibiyar ƙwararrun IT Afirka ta Kudu (IITPSA).

## Mutuwa
Dwolatzky ya mutu a Johannesburg a ranar 16 ga watan Mayu 2023, yana da shekaru 71.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Barry Dwolatzkywallafe-wallafen da aka jera taMasanin Google 
* Barry Dwolatzky's publicationswanda aka tsara ta hanyarScopusBayanan bayanan littattafai.  (da ake buƙatar biyan kuɗi)
Malcolm Dyani

**Malcolm Mbonisi Zamekile Dyani** (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga watan Fabrairu 1945) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne mai ritaya kuma tsohon mai fafutukar yaƙi da nuna wariyar launin fata. Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa  daga shekarun 1994 zuwa 2004, in ban da takaitaccen lokaci a shekarar 1999. Ya kasance memba a jam'iyyar Pan Africanist Congress (PAC), ya sauya sheƙa zuwa jam'iyyar African National Congress (ANC) a shekarar 1999.

## Rayuwar farko da gwagwarmaya
An haifi Dyani a ranar 14 ga watan Fabrairu 1945 kuma ya girma a ƙauyen Duncan a tsohuwar lardin Cape.  Ya kasance mai shirya ɗalibai na PAC, wanda gwamnatin nuna wariyar launin fata ta haramta a shekarar 1960, kuma an tsare shi a tsibirin Robben daga shekarun 1963 zuwa 1978 saboda gwagwarmayar sa.  Bayan da aka sake shi, a cikin shekarar 1980s, ya shiga cikin yakin neman sake tabbatar da kasancewar PAC a yankin Gabashin Cape na yau, yana aiki tare da Benny Alexander da sauran su kan shirye-shiryen ilimin siyasa.

## Aikin majalisa
A cikin babban zaɓe na shekarar 1994, an zaɓi Dyani a kujerar PAC a Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa.  Ya yi aiki a kujerar har zuwa farkon watan Afrilun 1999, lokacin da ake tunkarar babban zaɓen shekarar, ya yi murabus daga PAC ya koma ANC. Ya zargi PAC da yin aiki kamar jam'iyyar Democrat. Lokacin da aka gudanar da zaɓen a watan Yunin 1999, an zaɓe shi a karo na biyu a majalisar dokokin ƙasar ƙarƙashin tutar jam’iyyar ANC.

## Manazarta
William Duna

**Mabone William Duna** (ya rasu a ranar 7 ga watan Mayu 2016) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne kuma tsohon ɗan gwagwarmayar yaƙi da nuna wariyar launin fata wanda ya wakilci jam'iyyar ANC ta Afirka a Majalisar Dokokin ƙasar daga shekarun 1994 zuwa 1999. Daga baya ya riƙe muƙamin magajin ƙaramar hukumar Mnquma ta Gabashin Cape daga shekarun 2007 zuwa 2008, lokacin da ya sauya sheƙa daga ANC zuwa Congress of the People (COPE). Daga baya ya shiga United Congress.

## Rayuwar farko da gwagwarmaya
An haifi Duna a shekara ta 1949 ko 1950.  A lokacin mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata, ya kasance fursunan siyasa a tsibirin Robben tsakanin shekarun 1981 da 1987.  Bayan da aka dakatar da ANC a cikin Afirka ta Kudu a cikin shekarar 1990, ya shiga cikin sake kafa tsarin jam'iyyar a tsohuwar Transkei. 

## Aikin siyasa bayan mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata
A zaɓen shekara ta 1994, wanda shi ne na farko a Afirka ta Kudu a ƙarƙashin zaɓen gama-gari, an zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan majalisar ANC a Majalisar Dokokin ƙasar, ɗan majalisar wakilai ta Afirka ta Kudu.   Ya bar majalisar ne bayan babban zaɓen shekarar 1999.

Daga baya ya wakilci ANC a matsayin ɗan majalisa a karamar hukumar Mnquma a gabashin Cape daga shekarun 2000 zuwa 2008, inda ya samu zaɓe a 2000 da 2006.  An zaɓe shi a matsayin magajin garin Mnquma a ƙarshen shekara ta 2007, amma ya yi murabus daga majalisar da kuma jam’iyyar ANC a shekarar 2008 domin shiga kungiyar COPE, wata sabuwar ɓallewar da aka kafa.   Daga baya ya wakilci COPE a matsayin kansila a gundumar Amathole, inda ya jagoranci taron jam'iyyar. 

A cikin shekarar 2013, ya koma United Congress, wacce ta ɓalle daga COPE.   A zaɓen shekara ta 2014 ya zo na uku a jerin jam’iyyun da za a zaɓa a majalisar wakilai ta kasa, amma jam’iyyar ba ta samu kujeru ba. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa
Ya rasu a ranar 7 ga watan Mayu, 2016, yana da shekaru 66.  Shi da wani fasinja, makwabcinsa, sun nutse bayan da motarsa ta ɗauke daga wata gada da ta mamaye kogin Nxaxho da ke Centane, a gabashin Cape.  Ya yi aure ya haifi ‘ya’ya shida. 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

*
Buyiswa Fazzie

**Buyiswa Fazzie** (  ; 7 Yuli 1931 - 8 Satumba 2018), wacce aka fi sani da **Ethesian Fazzie**, 'yar siyasar Afirka ta Kudu ce kuma tsohuwar mai fafutukar yaƙi da nuna wariyar launin fata wacce ta wakilci jam'iyyar African National Congress (ANC) a majalisar dokokin ƙasar daga shekarun 1994 zuwa 1999. A lokacin mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata, ta kasance shugabar kungiyar mata ta Port Elizabeth, reshen mata na Port Elizabeth Black Civic Organization.

## Rayuwar farko da gwagwarmaya
An haifi Fazzie a ranar 7 ga watan Yuli 1931 a Grahamstown a tsohuwar Lardin Cape.  A lokacin mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata, ta kasance memba na kwamitin mata na Port Elizabeth Black Civic Organization (PEBCO); tare da Ivy Gcina, ta kafa Ƙungiyar Mata ta Port Elizabeth a matsayin reshe na PEBCO.   Ita ce shugabar farko ta PEWO daga shekarun 1983 zuwa 1991. 

## Majalisa: 1994-1999
A zaɓen farko da aka gudanar bayan  mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata a Afirka ta Kudu a shekara ta 1994, an zaɓi Fazzie a matsayin wakiliya a jam'iyyar ANC a majalisar dokokin kasar, 'yar majalisar wakilan sabuwar majalisar dokokin Afirka ta Kudu. Ta riƙe kujerarta har zuwa babban zaɓe na gaba a shekarar 1999.  Daga baya ta yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar gwamnati a Ma'aikatar Lafiya. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa
Ta auri Umkhonto we Sizwe ɗan gwagwarmaya Henry Fazzie,  wanda aka tsare na tsawon lokaci a lokacin mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata kuma tare da wanda ta haifi 'ya'ya. Ta rasu ne a ranar 8 ga watan Satumba 2018 bayan doguwar jinya.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* "ANC ta biya Fazzie" a *Herald*
Nigerian braille

Ana amfani da haruffa na makafi da yawa a Najeriya. Ga Turanci, an karɓi Rubutun Makafi na Turanci. An rubuta wasu harsuna uku a cikin makafi: Hausa, Ibo, da Yoruba. Dukkanin haruffa uku sun dogara ne akan karatun Ingilishi, tare da ƙara takamaiman wasika ga waɗannan harsuna. Punctuation yana kamar yadda yake a cikin Turanci Braille .

Harafin waɗannan harsuna bayan haruffa na Latin sune kamar haka:

## Rubutun makafi na Hausa

Hausa ya hada da

*d* Turanci *q, sh, st, ed* (na biyu na duniya), da haruffa uku da aka samo:

Ana iya rubuta Hausa a cikin makafi a Nijar, tun lokacin da Ethnologue 17 ya ba da rahoton cewa an rubuta Zarma a cikin makafa a wannan ƙasar. Koyaya, wannan ba yana nufin yana amfani da haruffa iri ɗaya kamar Hausa na Najeriya ba.

## Ibrananci na Igbo

Ibo Braille yana da

daga Turanci *q, ch, gh, sh,* da sauran haruffa shida tare da dabi'un kasa da kasa / Afirka:

(Dubi Ewe Braille da Kabiye Braille don irin wannan aikin lambar.) 

## Yoruba rubutun makafi

Yoruba Braille kuma yana da

(daga Turanci *q, sh*), da haruffa uku da aka samo:

Ayyukan wasula suna bin tarurruka na kasa da kasa.

## Manazarta
Kitchener, Ontario

Kitchener birni ne, da ke lardin Kanada na Ontario, kimanin kilomita 100 (62 mi) yamma da Toronto. Yana ɗaya daga cikin biranen uku waɗanda suka ƙunshi Gundumar Yankin Waterloo kuma ita ce wurin zama na yanki. An san Kitchener da Berlin har sai da kuri'ar raba gardama ta 1916 ta canza sunanta. Garin ya mamaye yanki na 136.86 km2, kuma yana da yawan jama'a 256,885 a lokacin ƙididdigar Kanada na 2021.
 
Gundumar Yankin Waterloo tana da mutane 673,910 har zuwa ƙarshen shekara ta 2023,  sanya ta zama yanki na 10 mafi girma a cikin birni (CMA) a Kanada da CMA mafi girma na huɗu a cikin Ontario. Kitchener da Waterloo ana ɗaukarsu "birane tagwaye", waɗanda galibi ana kiransu tare da "Kitchener – Waterloo" (K–W), kodayake suna da gwamnatocin gundumomi daban-daban.

## Tarihi
Kafin tuntuɓar tarihin ƴan asalin ƙasar da amfani da ƙasa
'Yan asalin ƙasar sun daɗe suna rayuwa a ciki da kewayen abin da ke a yau Kitchener-Waterloo. Lokacin ja da baya na iyakar glacial na ƙarshe, ƙanƙara ta keɓe yankin Waterloo zuwa arewa, gabas, yamma da tafkin Maumee III zuwa kudu.[6]. Duk da haka da kankara ta ja da baya sai yanayin ya bude wa makiyaya domin farauta, sansani, da bunƙasa; ko da yake ba wurare da yawa[ƙididdige] ba daga Lokacin Paleo-Indiya (13,000BC zuwa 1000BC) an rubuta su [da wane?] a yankin ya zuwa yanzu[yaushe?].

Zamanin Archaic (8,000BC zuwa 800BC) har yanzu da farko ya ƙunshi al'ummomin mafarauta-mafarauta waɗanda suka bazu ko'ina cikin fili. Ci gaban fasahohi da suka haɗa da ƙananan kayan aikin dutse masu ɗaukar nauyi kamar gatari da adzes, ƙarin kayan aikin da aka yi da ƙashin dabba kamar ƙugiya, kwazazzabai, da harpoons, da shigar da kayan aikin tagulla na 'yan asalin cikin tarihin tarihin tarihi na wannan< lokacin. Fiye da dozin biyu na wuraren binciken kayan tarihi daga zamanin Archaic an rubuta su a cikin yankin Waterloo kadai da suka hada da sansani, wuraren kera kayan aiki, da makabarta.,

## manazarta
Eziowelle

**Eziowelle** birni ne, da ke cikin ƙaramar hukumar Idemili ta Arewa a Jihar Anambra, a Nijeriya. Eziowelle yana fassara zuwa Turanci a matsayin 'wuri mai kyau'. Al'ummar noma ce da ke kwance kimanin kilomita ashirin da uku gabas da Onitsha. Cardinal na Vatican Francis Arinze ɗan asalin Ezoiwelle ne. Eziowelle yana karamar hukumar Idemili ta Arewa. A tarihi, Eziowelle, Nimo Owelle, Abagana da Abba; duk a karamar hukumar Njikoka sai Eziowelle ‘yan’uwa ne. Eziowelle shine dan farko na Owelle sai kuma Nimo, sai Abagana da Abba shine yaron karshe. Mahaifinsu Owelle ne saboda haka Eziowelle da Nimo Owelle sun haifi sunan mahaifinsu yayin da wasu kuma suke yi amma ya fi sauran furuci a EziOwelle da Nimo Owelle. Tana da iyaka da Abatete, Abacha, Nimo Owelle, Abagana, Ogidi, da Umunachi. Eziowelle yana da ƙauyuka biyar waɗanda su ne Umuikwele, Umunnama, Ezinimo, Okpaliko, da Ubulu. A cewar Peter Emelumgini, a cikin littafinsa mai suna A Compendium Knowledge of Eziowelle, “mutane na farko da suka fara zama a Eziowelle su ne Uruojukwu da Uruogbuefi na Umuikwele... kafin Umuikwele Etiti ya yi hijira daga Ifite-Ikwele ya zauna, tare da na asali. A Umunnama, Uruezenebo su ne asalin asalin kafin sauran su, ko kuma suka zo daga Port Ezino. kauyen, Umu-oba, Umuoradigwo, Umu-Chidobelu-Ezeokobu, Umuagu, Uruama, Umudimatuand Umuawa sun zauna

## Makarantu
Tun asali Eziowelle yana da makarantun firamare huɗu, biyu daga cikinsu na Cocin Roman Katolika ne, sauran biyun kuma na cocin Anglican. Gwamnati ta karbe su bayan yakin Biafra amma kwanan nan aka mayar da su ga Coci. Mafi shaharar Makarantu shine Uzubi Central School Eziowelle. Kafin mika makarantun, cocin biyu sun gina wasu makarantun firamare guda biyu masu ci gaba a harabar su. Haka kuma akwai wasu makarantun yara masu zaman kansu da na firamare da aka bude kwanan nan. Eziowelle yana da makarantun sakandare uku. Babbar ita ce Makarantar Sakandare ta Community Eziowelle wacce a da ake kira Owe Girls. Sarauniyar Makarantar Sakandare ta Rosary Eziowelle da cocin Katolika ta gina tana da dalibai sama da dubu daya kuma a halin yanzu ita ce makarantar sakandare mafi shahara a karamar hukumar Idemili ta Arewa.,
## Manazarta
Hispaniola

**Hispaniola** (/ ˌhɪspənˈjoʊlə/,   kuma UK: /-pænˈ-/) tsibiri ne tsakanin Cuba da Puerto Rico a cikin Babban Antilles na Caribbean. Hispaniola ita ce tsibiri mafi yawan jama'a a Yammacin Indies, kuma na biyu mafi girma ta yankin ƙasa, bayan Cuba. Tsibirin 76,192-square-kilomita (29,418 sq mi) ya kasu kashi biyu keɓantattun ƙasashe: Jamhuriyar *Dominican* na Mutanen Espanya (48,445 km2 (18,705 sq mi)) zuwa gabas da Faransanci da Haitian Creole–masu magana Haiti (27,100 km2) zuwa yamma. Ɗaya daga cikin tsibirin da aka raba a cikin Caribbean shine Saint Martin, wanda ke raba tsakanin Faransa (Saint Martin) da Netherlands (Sint Maarten). A lokacin zuwan Turai na Christopher Columbus, Hispaniola ya kasance gida ga mutanen Ciguayo, Macorix, da Taíno.

## Asalin samuwarsa
### Mulkin yan kasa
A lokacin da aka gano Turai a lokacin balaguron farko na Christopher Columbus a 1492, tsibirin Hispaniola ana kiransa sunaye daban-daban ta al'ummarsa: Ciguayo, Macorix, da Taíno. Marubutan tarihi na farko sun gano sunayen 'yan asalin ƙasar (wanda ke bayyana da haruffa daban-daban) na tsibirin kamar Bohío ("ƙasar mahaifa"), Haiti ("ƙasar manyan tsaunuka"), da Quisqueya ("mahaifiyar ƙasashe"), waɗanda 'yan asalin ƙasar daga sassa daban-daban na tsibirin ke amfani da su, kodayake an taso da shakku game da sahihancin [ Wani sunan da aka ambata shine Babequhe ("ƙasar zinariya"), amma yana iya dacewa da wani tsibirin, kamar yadda Columbus kawai ya gano a cikin mujallarsa tsibirin Hispaniola a matsayin Bohío, kuma ya yi amfani da Babeque don komawa tsibirin da ke gabashin Hispaniola, wanda ya kasance Boriquén, a yau Puerto Rico.[ 

## Manazarta
Yayafi

A cikin ilimin yanayi, hazo shine duk wani samfuri na tururin ruwa na yanayi wanda ke fadowa daga gajimare saboda jan hankali. ] Babban nau'ikan hazo sun haɗa da ɗigon ruwa, ruwan sama, ruwan sama da dusar ƙanƙara gauraye ("sleet" a cikin amfanin Commonwealth), dusar ƙanƙara, ƙanƙara, ƙanƙara da ƙanƙara. Hazo yana faruwa ne lokacin da wani yanki na yanayi ya cika da tururin ruwa (wanda ya kai 100% zafi), ta yadda ruwan ya takure kuma ya “hazo” ko fadowa. Don haka hazo da hazo ba hazo ba ne; tururin ruwansu ba ya takurawa sosai don hazo, don haka hazo da hazo ba sa faduwa*. (Irin irin wannan haɗe-haɗe marar hazo shine colloid.)* Hanya biyu, mai yuwuwar yin aiki tare, na iya haifar da iskar ta cika da tururin ruwa: sanyaya iska ko ƙara tururin ruwa zuwa iska. Hazo ya zama kamar yadda ƙananan ɗigon ruwa ke haɗuwa ta hanyar karo tare da sauran digon ruwan sama ko lu'ulu'u na kankara a cikin gajimare. Gajeren lokaci mai tsanani na ruwan sama a wurare masu warwatse ana kiransa shawa.

## Nau'ukansa

Tsawa mai tsananin hazo
Hanyoyin samar da ruwa sun hada da a turance ana ceasuconvective, stratiform,  da  kuma ruwan sama na yanayi. Hanyoyin daidaitawa sun haɗa da motsin motsi masu ƙarfi waɗanda zasu iya haifar da jujjuyawar yanayi a cikin wannan wuri a cikin sa'a guda kuma ya haifar da hazo mai nauyi,  yayin da tsarin tsarin ya ƙunshi motsin motsin sama da ƙasa da hazo. Ana iya raba hazo zuwa kashi uku, bisa la'akari da ko yana fadowa a matsayin ruwa mai ruwa, ruwa mai daskarewa idan aka hadu da saman, ko kankara. Ganyayyaki nau'ikan hazo daban-daban, gami da nau'ikan nau'ikan iri daban-daban, na iya faɗuwa lokaci guda. Hanyoyin ruwan sama na ruwa sun haɗa da ruwan sama da ɗigo. Ruwan sama ko ɗigon ruwa wanda ke daskarewa akan tuntuɓar a cikin iska mai daskarewa ana kiransa "daskarewa ruwan sama" ko "diri mai daskarewa". Daskararrun nau'ikan hazo sun hada da dusar ƙanƙara, alluran kankara, ƙanƙara, ƙanƙara, da graupel.
## manazarta
Adadin iska

A cikin ilimin yanayi, yawan iska shine ƙarar iska da aka ayyana ta yanayin zafi da zafi. Yawan iska yana rufe daruruwan ko dubban miliyoyi masu yawa, kuma ya dace da halayen saman da ke ƙarƙashinsu. An rarraba su bisa latitude da yankunansu na nahiya ko na ruwa. Mafi yawan iska ana kiransa polar ko arctic, yayin da yawan iska mai zafi ana ɗaukar wurare masu zafi. Nahiyoyi da na sama na iska sun bushe, yayin da ruwan teku da damina ke da ɗanshi. Yanayin gaba yana raba yawan iska mai yawa tare da halaye daban-daban (zazzabi ko danshi). Da zarar yawan iska ya ƙaura daga yankin tushensa, ciyayi da ruwa da ke ƙasa na iya canza halinsa da sauri. Shirye-shiryen rarrabuwa suna magance halayen yawan iska, da kuma gyarawa

## Rarabewa da sanarwa
Yankunan tushen yawan iska na duniya
Rarraba Bergeron shine nau'in rarrabuwar iskar da aka fi yarda da shi, kodayake wasu sun samar da ingantaccen juzu'i na wannan makirci a yankuna daban-daban na duniya.[  Rarraba yawan iska ya ƙunshi haruffa uku. Wasiƙar farko ta bayyana ƙayyadaddun danshi - "c" yana wakiltar yawiska na nahiyar (bushe), kuma "m" yana wakiltar yawan iska na ruwa (danshi). Yankin tushensa ya biyo baya: "T" yana nufin Tropical, "P" yana nufin Polar, "A" yana nufin Arctic ko Antarctic, "M" yana nufin damina, "E" yana nufin Equatorial, kuma "S" yana nufin adiabatically bushewa da iska mai zafi da aka samu ta hanyar motsi mai mahimmanci a cikin yanayi. Misali, yawan iskar da ta samo asali daga hamada kudu maso yammacin Amurka a lokacin rani ana iya sanyawa "cT". Yawan iska wanda ya samo asali daga arewacin Siberiya a cikin hunturu ana iya nuna shi da "cA".

## manazarta
Justinien Clary

**Count Clary** (an haife shi Justinien Charles Xavier Bretonneau; 20 Afrilu 1860 - 13 Yuni 1933) ɗan wasan Faransa ne mai harbi wanda ya fafata a ƙarshen karni na 19 da farkon karni na 20 a cikin harbin tarko. Ya halarci Shooting a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1900 a Paris kuma ya lashe lambar tagulla a gasar tarko. Abokan wasan Faransa Roger de Barbarin da Rene Guyot sun lashe zinari da azurfa bi da bi. An haife shi kuma ya mutu a birnin Paris.

## Manazarta
Abdul al-Arahim ghulam rabbani

Abdul Rahim Ghulam Rabbani ɗan ƙasar Pakistan ne wanda aka tsare a sansanin Guantanamo Bay na Amurka a ƙasar Cuba.

Masu nazarin leken asirin Amurka sun kiyasta cewa an haifi Rabbani a shekara ta 1967.

Abdul Rahim Ghulam Rabbani ya isa Guantanamo a ranar 19 ga Satumba 2004, kuma an tsare shi a Guantanamo sama da shekaru 18, har sai an sake shi a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu 2023.[5][6][4]

## Tsarewa acikin ramin gishiri
A cewar Laid Saidi, Rabbani, da dan uwansa, Mohammed Ahmad Ghulam Rabbani, ana tsare da su ne a bakar wurin CIA da aka fi sani da "ramin gishiri" a lokaci guda da shi.An haife shi a cikin dangin Pakistan waɗanda suka yi hijira daga Indiya zuwa Karachi bayan rabuwar a 1947. Iyalin sun zauna a Saudi Arabia tsawon shekaru.[8].

## sake dubawa a hukumance
Da farko dai, fadar shugaban kasar Bush ta bayyana cewa, fursunonin da aka kama a cikin "yakin da ta'addanci" ba su da kariya daga yarjejeniyar Geneva, kuma za a iya gudanar da su har abada, ba tare da wani bayani ba. Duk da haka, a shekara ta 2004, Kotun Kolin Amurka ta yanke hukunci, a Rasul v. Bush, cewa waɗanda aka kama suna da damar sauraron zarge-zargen da suka dace da tsare su, kuma su yi ƙoƙari su karyata waɗannan zarge-zarge.

## Manazarta
Kungiyar Ravshan

**Ravshan Kulob** (Tajik: Равшан Кӯлоб) ƙwararriyar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce a Kulob, Tajikistan, wacce aka kafa a 1965 a matsayin FK Ansol Kulob. An canza sunan kulob din FK Olimp-Ansol Kulob a cikin 2003, kafin ya canza zuwa sunansa na yanzu a 2005. A halin yanzu suna taka leda a Ligai Olii Tojikiston kuma suna karbar bakuncin wasanninsu a filin wasa na Kulob Markazii. An fassara sunan kulob din Равшан daga Tajik da Farisa a matsayin Haske.

## Tawaga

## Manazarta
Abdul Amir al-Jamri

Sheikh Abdul Amir al-Jamri (/ ˈɑːbdəl əˈmɪər æl ˈdʒɑːmri/ ⓘ AHB-dəl ə-MEER al JAHM-ree; Larabci: شيخ عبدالامير الجمري; 1 ga Maris 1938 – 16 ga Disamba) shi ne daya daga cikin fitattun malaman Shi’a. Bahrain. Shi ma marubuci ne kuma mawaki.

An haife shi a kauyen Bani Jamra, al-Jamri ya zama Hussaini khatib (mai wa'azin shi'a) bayan ya kammala makarantar firamare. Yana da shekaru 21 a duniya ya fara karatunsa na addinin musulunci, inda ya fara karatunsa na farko a kasar Bahrain, daga bisani kuma ya tafi cibiyar addini ta Al Najaf dake kasar Iraqi, inda ya shafe shekaru 11 a duniya. Ya koma Bahrain a shekara ta 1973 kuma an zabe shi a sabuwar majalisar da aka kafa. Sarki Isa bin Salman al-Khalifa ne ya rusa majalisar bayan shekaru biyu bayan ta ki amincewa da dokar tsaron kasar. A cikin 1977, an nada al-Jamri a matsayin alkali a Kotun Kolin Addini ta Bahrain. Ya rike mukamin har zuwa 1988, inda aka kama shi na dan lokaci saboda sukar da ya yi wa gwamnati.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Al-Jamri a kauyen Bani Jamra na arewacin Bahrain a ranar 1 ga Maris 1938.[1] Cikakken sunansa Abdul Amir bin Mansoor bin Mohammed bin Abdulrasool bin Mohammed bin Hussain bin Ibrahim bin Makki bin Suleiman bin Makki al-Jamri al-Bahrani (Larabci: عبدالامير بن منسور بن محمد بن عبدالرسول بن محمد بن محمد بن محمد بن محمد بن محمد بن محمد بن محمد بن محمد بن محمد بن محمد بن بن محمد بن. مكي بن ​​سليمان بن مكي الجمري البحراني),[1] ko da yake shi ma dan uwansa Abu Jameel ya san shi (Larabci: أبو جميل) Mahaifinsa (wanda aka fi sani da Mansoor ko Nasir) malamin Al-Qur'ani ne, ma'abucin taron karawa juna sani, [4] kuma shugaban 'yan Shi'a masu kishin addini[5]. Mahaifin Al-Jamri ya koyar da shi kur'ani da asasikin sallar Musulunci yana dan shekara shida [6] duk da cewa ya rasu bayan shekaru hudu.[1] Al-Jamri ya kammala karatun boko a makarantar firamare ta Budaiya yana dan shekara goma sha biyu [4] kafin ya zama Hussaini khatib (mai wa'azin shi'a),[7] yana koyo da sauran mashahuran khatiba a kauyensa kamar dan uwansa, shi'a khatib Mulla Atiya al-Jamri.[1][4] Ya kuma samu aiki a Manama Souq, yana aiki har zuwa 1962.

## Dan majalisa
Bahrain ta sami 'yancin kai daga Burtaniya a 1971 kuma Majalisar Majalissar ta 1972 ta tsara sabon kundin tsarin mulki a shekara ta 1973.[12] Kamar abokin karatunsa Isa Qassim, al-Jamri da farko ya so ya kammala karatunsa na addini kuma bai damu da siyasa sosai ba[12]. Jagoransa a Iraki, Mohammad Baqir al-Sadr, ya ba da fatawar da ta daure a kai a zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na shekara ta 1973.[1] Al-Jamri da wasu mutane biyar sun kafa kungiyar "Religious Bloc" wadda ta dauki wani tsari mai fadi da ya hada da tallafawa kungiyar kwadago da bukatu, da hana cinikin barasa, da raba maza da mata a cibiyoyin ilimi. Kungiyar ta kuma yi kira da a haramtawa likitoci maza yi wa mata marasa lafiya magani (musamman a lokacin da suke ciki) da kuma sauran bukatu da suka shafi al'adun Musulunci na gargajiya[12]. An zabi Al-Jamri a matsayin dan majalisar dokokin Bahrain, inda ya zo na biyu bayan Isa Qassim.

## Manazarta
2022–23 Kungiyar kwando ta maza ta Syracuse Orange

**Ƙungiyar kwando ta maza ta Syracuse Orange ta 2022-23** ta wakilci Jami'ar Syracuse a lokacin 2022-23 NCAA Division I kakar wasan kwando na maza. Babban koci na shekara 47 Jim Boeheim ne ya jagoranci kungiyar Orange kuma sun buga wasannin gida a JMA Wireless Dome a Syracuse, New York a matsayin membobin shekara ta goma na taron Tekun Atlantika. Orange ya gama kakar wasa 17–15, 10–10 a wasan ACC don gamawa a kunnen doki a matsayi na takwas. A matsayin iri na takwas a gasar ACC, wanda aka yi rashin nasara a hannun Wake Forest a zagaye na biyu. Wannan ita ce shekara ta biyu a jere da Syracuse bai cancanci shiga gasar bayan kakar wasanni ba, na farko a cikin shekaru 47 na Boeheim.

Wannan kakar ita ce kakar wasan karshe da babban koci Jim Boeheim ya horar, wanda tsohon mataimakin koci Adrian Autry ya maye gurbinsa bayan kakar wasa.

## kakar da ta gabata
Orange ya gama kakar 2021–22 16–17, 9–11 a wasan ACC don gamawa a matsayi na tara. A matsayin zuriya ta tara a gasar ACC, sun yi galaba a kan jihar Florida ta takwas a zagaye na biyu kafin su sha kashi a hannun Duke na farko a gasar Quarterfinals. Ba a gayyace su zuwa gasar NCAA ko NIT ba.

## Lokacin hutu

### wurin tasowa

### Incoming transfers

### Recruiting classes

### 2022 recruiting class

## Manazarta
Mohammad Sharifi (ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa)

**Mohammad Sharifi** (Persian: محمد شریفی; an haife shi 21 Maris 2000) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Iran wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Azadegan League Be'sat Kermanshah.

A cikin 2017, The Guardian ya zaɓi Sharifi a matsayin ɗayan mafi kyawun ƙwararrun matasa 60 a ƙwallon ƙafa na duniya.

## Aikin kulob

### Esteghlal Khuzestan
Asalin Sharifi ya kulla yarjejeniya da Saba Qom a lokacin rani na 2016 don yin aiki tare da Ali Daei, duk da haka bayan Daei ya bar kungiyar kafin a fara kakar wasa, kwangilar ba ta ƙare ba. Madadin haka, Sharifi ya rattaba hannu tare da zakarun League Pro League na Persian, Esteghlal Khuzestan.

Sharifi ya fara buga wasansa na farko na gwaninta ne a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba 2016 a wasan da suka tashi 0-0 da FC Mashhad, wanda ya zo ne a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbin na biyu. Ya zama ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa mafi ƙanƙanta da suka taɓa taka leda a cikin Gasar Farisa Pro League.

### Saipa
Bayan karshen kakar 2016-17 Sharifi ya bar Esteghlal Khuzestan, kuma a lokacin rani na 2017 ya sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da kulob din Saipa na Tehran.

### Persepolis
A ranar 31 ga Oktoba 2020, Sharifi ya rattaba hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da zakarun Persian Gulf Pro League Persepolis. Bayan sanya hannu kan kwantiragin, ya sanar:

"Abin alfahari ne a yi wa Persepolis wasa"

## Manazarta
Abdulraheem amoo Oladimeji

AbdulRaheem Amoo Oladimeji, OFR, FNAEAP ɗan kasuwa ɗan Najeriya kuma masanin ilimi, kuma wanda ya kafa Abdur-Raheem Oladimeji Islamic Foundation (AROIF), Nigeria - wanda daga baya ya zama babban mai mallakar Jami'ar Al-Hikmah.

## Tarihi
An haifi Oladimeji, a ranar 8 ga Yuni, 1938 a Igbaja, karamar hukumar Ifelodun a jihar Kwara, Najeriya. inda mahaifinsa, Malam, Yusuf Oladimeji, mafarauci ne, manomi kuma mai sana'ar ganye, mahaifiyarsa kuma mai kiwon kaji ce.[1]

## Sanannun cibiyoyi
Alhaji Raheem Oladimeji and Sons Ltd: Suke shigo da bindigogi da alburusai. Universal Chemical and Explosives Company Ltd: Kera da shigo da sinadarai da abubuwan fashewa don masana'antu daban-daban. Kamfanin Dynaco Nigeria Ltd: Yana fitar da sarrafa duwatsu masu daraja.A. Oladimeji Agriculture Ltd: Yana shiga aikin noma, sarrafa abinci, kiwon kaji, kiwon dabbobi, da kamun kifi. Alhaji Rabi Allahu and Sons Ltd: Yana samar da ayyukan gine-gine da lantarki. Jami’ar Al-Hikmah wadda aka kafa ta a shekarar 2005.

## Manazarta
Abdulaziz Mashi Abdullahi

Abdulaziz Mashi Abdullahi (an haife shi 12 ga Agusta 1961) jami'in gwamnati ne kuma akawu na Najeriya.

## Rayuwar farko da karatu
An haifi Mashi ne a garin Mashi dake jihar Katsina Najeriya. Ya yi karatu a Government College Katsina a shekarar 1974, sannan ya sami digiri na biyu (BSc). a Accounting daga Jami'ar Bayero Kano a 1983. Ya yi MBA a fannin Accounting Financial a University of Plymouth. Shi memba ne na kungiyar Akantawan Najeriya da Cibiyar Gudanarwa ta Najeriya. Shi ma’aikaci ne a kungiyar Akanta ta kasa ta Najeriya kuma memba a Cibiyar Daraktoci ta Chartered.

## Aiki
Mashi ya dan yi aiki a matsayin Sufeton Haraji a Ma’aikatar Kudi ta Kaduna kafin ya yi aiki a matsayin Akanta a Kamfanin Man Fetur na Afirka. daga 1985 zuwa 1994. Daga 1994 zuwa 1997, ya kasance Babban Jami’in Kudi, Hukumomin Bankunan Jama’a na Kasa. Ya kasance Mataimakin Babban Akanta na Ofishin Babban Hafsan Sojoji daga 1997 zuwa 1999. Ya kasance mai rikon mukamin darakta, mulki da kudi, na ofishin mai ba da shawara kan harkokin tsaro a shekarar 1999. A 2011, ya zama Mataimakin Darakta-Accounts, na Ofishin Akanta-Janar na Tarayya, Ma'aikatar Kudi da Samar da Aiki ta Tarayya har zuwa 2012 lokacin da ya zama Darakta na Ma'aikatar Kudi da Samar da Aiki na Tarayya II. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Darakta, na ofishin binciken kudi na cikin gida na sakataren gwamnatin tarayya daga 2014 zuwa 2015. Daga 2015 zuwa 2017, ya yi aiki a matsayin daraktan bincike na cikin gida na fadar gwamnatin tarayya Abuja.

Ya kasance daraktan kudi da asusu a jami’an tsaro da Civil Defence a Najeriya a shekarar 2017. A wannan shekarar ne aka nada shi a matsayin babban sakatare na ma’aikatar sadarwa, kirkire-kirkire da tattalin arzikin dijital ta tarayya har zuwa 2018.[4][5].

## Manazarta
Abdullah Khalil

Sayed abdallah Khalil (Larabci: عبد الله خليل, Roman Allāh Khalīl; 1892 - 23 ga Afrika

Rayuwar farko

An haifi Khalil a Omdurman kuma ya kasance daga Kenzi Nubian asalin.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Khalil a Omdurman kuma ya kasance daga Kenzi Nubian asalin.

## Sabis na Soja
Khalil ya yi aiki a cikin Sojojin Masar daga 1910 zuwa 1924, da kuma sojojin kare Sudan daga shekarar 1925. Ya kasance farkon Sudan na farko da ya kai ga matsayin Bridier (Mirlai).

## Aikin siyasa
A shekara ta 1944 Khalil ya zama memban Shawara na Kwamitin Shawarworewa a arewacin Sudan, wanda ya zama kungiyar mai fasikanci. A shekarar 1945 Khalil ya taimaka wajen gano jam'iyyar ta Umma, kuma ta zama Sakatare na farko na jam'iyyar. A cikin 1947 ya zama memba na gaban 'yancin kai, yana aiki a matsayin wakilin kwamiti na Umma na kwamiti, yana adawa da rinjayen mulkin Khatmiyya.

Khalil ya ci gaba da kusanci da Ma'aikatan mulkin mallaka Robert George Howe da J. W. Robertson, sau da yawa hidiyo a matsayin mai nuna ra'ayin da suka fuskanta ga siyasa ta Sudan. Gwamnati ta Khalil ta Khalil tare da Khatmiyya ana sukar da Khatmiyya tare da Khemiyya sau da yawa, tare da ana zargin cewa ya taimaka wajen sanya 'yan adawa da kasar Sudan da kuma bangarorin kasar. Kalil na Khalil ya nada ministan aikin gona a shekarar 1947, galibi saboda nace cewa wannan ya wajaba don magance karfi rawar da Khatmiyya da kuma amsa ga 'yancin indan.

A shekara ta 1948 ya zama shugaban kungiyar da aka kafa sabbin majalisar dokoki da kwamitin zartarwa da zartarwa, ta bautar wakilan jam'iyyar Umma a kan Hukumar Tsarin Mulki. An zabi Khalil ga majalisar dokoki a zaben majalisar dokokin 1953.

Bayan zaben 1958 na Khalil ya samar da wani gwamnatin hadin kai wacce ta hada da jam'iyyar ta Umma da kuma jam'iyyar dimokuradiyya. Khalil ya yi aiki a matsayin Firayim Minista da Ministan Tsaro a sabuwar gwamnatin. Ya daure Sudan tare da Amurka, mai fashewa da tsayawa tare da Misira a karkashin Gamal Abdal Nasser. A ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1958, Khalila Khalila za ta yi juyin mulki kan gwamnatinsa, ta sa gwamnati a karkashin ikon sojojin soji. (Duba Tarihi na Sudan ('yar amintattu na Sudan)
Top banana

Top Banana wani kida ne mai kida da kade-kade na Johnny Mercer da kuma littafin Hy Kraft wanda aka fara a Broadway a 1951. An rubuta nunin a matsayin abin hawa tauraro don dan wasan barkwanci Phil Silvers, wanda ya buga shirin nunin talabijin iri-iri. Silvers ya lashe lambar yabo ta Tony Award don Mafi kyawun Kwarewa ta Babban Jarumi a cikin Kiɗa a cikin 1952.

## Bugawa
An buɗe waƙar kida akan Broadway a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Winter Garden a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba, 1951, kuma an rufe shi a ranar 4 ga Oktoba, 1952, bayan wasanni 350. Simintin gyare-gyare na asali sun haɗa da Rose Marie, Lindy Doherty, Jack Albertson, Bob Scheerer da Ted "Sport" Morgan. Paula Stone da Mike Sloane ne suka kirkira, Jack Donohue ne ya ba da umarnin kidan kuma Ron Fletcher ne ya shirya shi, [1] tare da shirye-shiryen murya da jagora ta Hugh Martin, jagorar kiɗa ta Harold Hasting, da kiɗan Don Walker. Na'urar wasan kwaikwayo da ƙirar haske ta Jo Mielziner ne kuma ƙirar kayayyaki ta Alvin Colt ne.

An yi fim ɗin kuma an fitar da wasan a cikin sigar fim ta United Artists a cikin 1954.

## Manazarta
Abdullah Yusuf azzam

Abdullah Yusuf Azzam [14 Nuwamba 1941 - 24 Nuwamba shekara ta 1989) ya kasance mai ilimin Istaniya-Jordian da na Izinian. Kasancewa da motsin salafi a cikin Sunni Islam, shi da iyalinsa sun gudu daga abin da ya kasance yakin da Jornia-annexed West Bank Aforgate. A shekara ta 1979, Azzam ya ba da wani fatya da ya ba da shawarar "Ka'idar Jihad" ya nuna cewa 'yan wasan Afghanistan don tallafawa Pakistan Mujjahideen.

A matsayin malami da mai jagoranci ga 'yan bindiga na kasar Sauddin, yana daya daga cikin manyan alamomin da suka shawo kan Bin Laden don zuwa Afghanistan kuma ya jagoranci kokarin Mujahideen. A cikin shekara ta 1984, Azzam da Bin Laden da aka kafa Maktab al-Khiidamat kungiyar ta Musulunci wanda ya nemi tara kudade don Mujahideen (wanda aka sani da sunayensu na Afghanistan (wanda aka sani da sunan su Afghanistan) don daukar nauyin su. Bayan wasan Seviet na Soviet daga Afghanistan a shekara ta 1989, ya ci gaba da inganta firgita jihadit na wasu musulmai a wasu kasashe a wasu jihad "jihad" a cikin da'irori da yawa.

A 24 ga Nuwamba 1989, wani bam din da ba a kashe ADZAM da ba a bin sashen bam a Bam da ba a fama da shi ba a Peshawar, Pakistan.
Pyradena

Pyradena wani nau'in asu ne na dangin Crambidae wanda Eugene G. Munroe ya bayyana a cikin 1958.Irinsa kawai, Pyradena mirifica, wanda Aristide Caradja ya bayyana a cikin 1931, ana samunsa a China.

## Manazarta
San Juan, Puerto Rico

San Juan (/ ˌsæn ˈhwɑːn/ san WHAHN, Mutanen Espanya: [saŋ ˈxwan]; Mutanen Espanya don "Saint John") babban birni ne kuma mafi yawan jama'a a cikin Commonwealth na Puerto Rico, yanki ne na Amurka. Dangane da ƙidayar 2020, birni ne na 57th-mafi yawan jama'a a ƙarƙashin ikon Amurka, yana da yawan jama'a 342,259. Masu mulkin mallaka na Spain ne suka kafa San Juan a cikin 1521, waɗanda suka kira shi Ciudad de Puerto Rico (Spanish don "Rich Port City").

Babban birnin Puerto Rico shine birni na biyu mafi tsufa a Turai da aka kafa a cikin Amurka, bayan Santo Domingo, a cikin Jamhuriyar Dominican, wanda aka kafa a cikin 1496,  kuma shine birni mafi tsufa na Turai da aka kafa a ƙarƙashin ikon mallakar Amurka. Gine-ginen tarihi da yawa suna cikin tarihi.

## Tarihi
Don jagorar tarihin lokaci, duba Timeline na San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Zamanin Pre-Columbia
Duba kuma: Taíno
Mutanen Taíno sune ainihin mazauna yankin kafin zuwan Turawa zuwa tsibirin Puerto Rico a cikin 1493. An samo ragowar wani ƙauyen ƙauyen kamun kifi a Puerta de Tierra inda Puerto Rico National Guard Museum ke tsaye a yau, duk da haka yawancin wuraren tarihi na archaeological a yankin sun lalace kuma sun ɓace a cikin tarihin mulkin mallaka. Yankin San Juan ya kasance iyaka tsakanin yankuna na kabilanci (yucayeques) na Guaynabo da Haimanio, wanda shugabanni (caciques) Mabo da Yuisa (wanda aka fi sani da Loaíza) ke jagoranta, bi da bi, a lokacin zuwan masu ci na Spain 

## Kafa

Rushewar gidan Juan Ponce de León a Caparra
A cikin 1508, Juan Ponce de León ya kafa asali na asali wanda ya kira Caparra. An ba shi suna bayan wani tsohon birni na Romawa a lardin Cáceres a cikin Spain,  wurin haifuwar Nicolás de Ovando, sannan gwamnan yankin Caribbean na Spain. A yau, wani yanki ne na gundumar Pueblo Viejo na Guaynabo, kai tsaye zuwa yamma na gundumar zamani ta San Juan. Shekara guda bayan haka, an ƙaura zuwa wurin da ake kira Puerto Rico, Mutanen Espanya don "tashar ruwa mai wadata" ko "tashar ruwa mai kyau".

Diocese Katolika na gida, na biyu mafi girma a cikin Amurka kuma mafi tsufa a Amurka, an kafa shi a cikin sabon ginin da aka gina a ranar 8 ga Agusta na 1511. A cikin 1521, an ba da sabon mazaunin sunansa na yau da kullun: Ciudad de Puerto Rico de San Juan Bautista. Yawancin tsoffin cibiyoyin Turai da suka kafa a Yammacin Yammacin Duniya, kamar Santo Tomás de Aquino Convent da Asibitin Nuestra Señora de la Concepción, an kafa su a wannan lokacin a San Juan.
Amfani mai ban sha'awa na San Juan Bautista da Puerto Rico ga duka birni da tsibirin a cikin lokaci ya haifar da jujjuyawar amfani da aikace-aikacen mafi yawan mazauna: ta 1746 sunan birnin (Puerto Rico) ya zama na duk tsibirin, wanda ya kai ga gano garin a matsayin Puerto Rico de Puerto Rico akan taswirori na zamanin. 

## manazarta
Abdulraheem Medinat Motunrayo

Abdulraheem Medinat Motunrayo shugaba ce a fannin gudanar da harkokin jama'a kuma 'yar siyasa daga Najeriya wadda ke wakiltar mazabar Lanwa/Ejidongari, a karamar hukumar Moro a Jihar Kwara kuma ita ce Mataimakiyar Shugaban Majalisar Wakilai ta Jihar Kwara.

## Farkon rayuwa da Karatu
An haifi Medinat a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 1990 a Moro, yankin karamar hukumar Moro ta Jihar Kwara, Najeriya. Ta yi karatun Gudanar da Jama'a a Kwara State Polytechnic inda ta samu Diploma na Kasa da Babban Diploma na Kasa a shekarar 2009 da 2012 bi da bi.

## Manazarta
Tony Karon

**Tony Karon** ɗan jarida ɗan Afirka ta Kudu ne kuma tsohon ɗan gwagwarmayar yaƙi da nuna wariyar launin fata. Ya zama babban mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen kan layi a Al Jazeera America a cikin shekarar 2013. Ya kasance tsohon Babban Edita a Time.com. 

Karon ya girma a matsayin Bayahude a Afirka ta Kudu kuma an bayyana shi a matsayin Sihiyoniya. Ya koma New York City a shekarar 1993. Ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Cape Town, kuma a cikin shekarar 1980s, ya kasance fitaccen mai fafutukar yaki da nuna wariyar launin fata a ƙungiyar ɗalibai ta NUSAS. 

Ya shiga Mujallar TIME a shekarar 1997, kuma ya kasance babban edita na kusan shekaru 20, yana bayar da sharhi kan al’amuran duniya.  A baya ya taɓa yin aiki a matsayin mai fafutuka ga haramtacciyar majalisar dokokin Afirka a Afirka ta Kudu. A cikin watan Afrilu 2013, an ɗauke shi aiki a matsayin babban mai tsara kan layi na sabon tashar bidiyo ta Al Jazeera, AJ+.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Tony Karon home page "Cosmopolitan mara tushe"
Abdulra'uf Tukur

=**Abdurra'uf Tukur**=

Abdurra'uf Tukur dan siyasar Najeriya ne da aka haifa a watan Afrilu shekara ta 1961. Ya yi aiki a matsayin wakilin Mazabar Tarayya ta Kaura a Majalisar Tarayya ta 5 daga 1990 zuwa 2003, sannan kuma daga 2003 zuwa 2007. Yana da alaka da jam'iyyar Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) kuma yana da digirin digirgir a fannin Fasaha (Harshe) daga Jami'ar Bayero da ke Kano.

=**Manazarta**=