Jami'ar Washington ta magunguna

**Makarantar Medicine ta Jami'ar Washington** ( **WUSM** ) makarantar koyon aikin likitanci ce ta Washington, wadda ke St. Louis, Missouri. An kafa ta a cikin shekara ta 1891, Makarantar Magunguna tana da ɗalibai 1,260, 604 daga cikinsu suna neman digiri na likita ba tare da haɗin Doctor na Falsafa ko wani digiri na gaba ba. Hakanan tana ba da digirin digirgir a cikin binciken nazarin halittu ta hanyar Sashin Biology da Kimiyyar Halittu. Makarantar ta haɓaka babban ilimin motsa jiki (ɗalibai 273) da shirye-shiryen aikin yi (ɗalibai 233), da kuma shirin a ilimin kimiyyar jiji da sadarwa (ɗalibai 100) wanda ya haɗa da Doctor of Audiology (Au.D.) da kuma Jagora na Kimiyya a Ilimin Kurame (MSDE).  Akwai malamai 1,772, mazauna 1,022, da abokan 765.

Ana ba da sabis na asibiti daga likitocin Jami'ar Washington, cikakkiyar aikin likita da tiyata wanda ke ba da magani a cikin ƙwararrun likita na 75. Likitocin Jami'ar Washington su ne ma'aikatan kula da asibitocin koyarwa guda biyu - Barnes-Jewish Hospital da St. Louis Children's Hospital . Sun kuma samar da inpatient da outpatient kulawa a St. Louis Gogaggen dan ta Administration Hospital, asibitoci a BJC kiwon lafiya tsarin da kuma 35 sauran ofishin wurare a ko'ina cikin mafi girma a St Louis yankin.

Labaran Amurka da Rahoton Duniya sun ba da babbar kwaleji;  makarantar a halin yanzu tana matsayi na 6 don bincike  kuma an zabe ta zuwa ta 2 a 2003 da 2004,  An lissafa ta cikin manyan makarantun likitanci goma tun da aka fara buga martaba a cikin 1987. Makarantar ita ce ta farko a cikin ƙasa a zaɓin ɗalibai.  Ya zuwa na 2019, yana karɓar na uku mafi yawan kuɗi a tsakanin duk makarantun likitanci a Amurka daga Cibiyar Kiwan Lafiya ta ƙasa, wanda ya kai kimanin dala miliyan 218.  A duk duniya, ana ɗaukar makaranta azaman 20th da 35th mafi kyawun shirin likita a cikin 2020 ta Matsayi mafi Girma na Jami'ar Jami'ar Duniya don magani da Matsayin Jami'ar QS ta Duniya don magani, bi da bi.  

## Tsangaya
An ba da lambar yabo 18 ta Nobel tare da Makarantar Magani. mambobi 12 ne na National Academy of Sciences ; 30 na cikin Cibiyar Magunguna . Membobi masu koyarwa 92 suna riƙe da lambar yabo ta ci gaban mutum daga Cibiyar Kiwan Lafiya ta Kasa (NIH). Membobi masu koyarwa 59 suna riƙe da kyaututtukan haɓaka aiki daga hukumomin da ba na tarayya ba. Membobin ƙungiyar 14 suna da matsayin MERIT, fitarwa ta musamman da Cibiyar Kiwan Lafiya ta givenasa ta bayar wanda ke ba da dogon lokaci, ba da taima kon kuɗi ga masu bincike. 6 mambobi ne masu binciken Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

## Tarihi
An fara karatun ajin likita a Jami'ar Washington a 1891 bayan Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta St. Louis ta yanke shawarar alaƙa da Jami'ar, ta kafa Sashin Kiwon Lafiya. Robert S. Brookings, wanda ya kasance mai ba da taimako ga Jami'a tun daga farkonta, ya ba da yawancin aikinsa da taimakon jama'a ga Jami'ar Washington kuma ya inganta Cibiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya na ɗaya daga cikin manyan manufofinsa. Wannan musamman ya zama dalilin damuwa bayan rahoton farko na 1900s Carnegie Foundation ya yi ba'a ga ƙungiya da ƙimar Sashen Kula da Lafiya. 

Bayan ci gaba a cikin ilimin likitanci a duk faɗin ƙasar, bincike da ƙirƙirar sabon ilimin ya zama haƙiƙar da aka bayyana a cikin kundin kundin kwas na 1906 na sashen kiwon lafiya. Don Brookings da Jami'ar, haɗawa da Ma'aikatar Kula da Lafiya a cikin wata Makarantar Magunguna ta daban ya zama mataki na gaba mai ma'ana. Wannan aikin ya fara ne a cikin 1914 lokacin da aka dawo da kayan aiki zuwa inda suke a yanzu a cikin unguwar St. Louis ta Central West End a cikin 1914, kuma an kammala shi a cikin 1918 tare da sunan hukuma na Makarantar Medicine.  Mace ta farko memba a jami'ar kamar ta kasance masaniyar kimiyyar kimiyyar halittu da ilimin kimiyyar lissafi Ethel Ronzoni Bishop, wacce ta zama mataimakiyar farfesa a shekarar 1923. 

Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta fara haɓaka daga sanannun yanki a cikin 1940s, shekaru goma lokacin da aka ba da Lambobin Nobel biyu, a cikin 1944 da 1947, zuwa ƙungiyoyin mambobin ƙungiyar. A cikin 1950, an kammala ginin Cibiyar Nazarin Cutar Cancer, kasancewar shine babban sabon gini na farko da aka kara zuwa Makarantar Magunguna tun bayan sake matsuguni a cikin 1914. Addedarin gine-gine an ƙara su a cikin waɗannan shekarun, kuma a cikin 1960s Makarantar Magunguna ta mai da hankali kan rarraba ɗalibanta ta hanyar kammala ɗalibanta Ba'amurke na farko da kuma ƙaruwa ɗaliban ɗaliban da suka kammala karatunsu mata kusan 50%. 

A watan Maris na 2020, Makarantar Magunguna ta Jami'ar Washington ta ba da sanarwar gina sabon dala miliyan 616, labari 11, 609,000-square-foot neuroscience research wanda zai zauna a gefen gabas na Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya a cikin Cortex Innovation Community . Ginin ginin an tsayar da shi a 2023. 

## Harabar Jami'a

Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Washington ta ƙunshi eka 164 (0.5&nbsp;km²) ya bazu kimanin birni guda 17, wanda yake gefen gefen gabashin Park Park a tsakanin yankin Central West End na St. Asibitin Barnes-Jewish da Asibitin yara na St. Louis, wani ɓangare na BJC HealthCare, asibitocin koyarwa waɗanda ke da alaƙa da Makarantar Medicine, suma suna cikin rukunin likitancin. Yawancin gine-ginen an haɗa su ta hanyar jerin gadoji na sama da farfajiyoyi. Kamar yadda na 2008, Makarantar Magunguna ta mallaki    a cikin dukkanin rukunin likitancin. 

Jami'ar Washington da BJC HealthCare sun ɗauki ayyukan haɗin gwiwa da yawa tun farkon haɗin kansu a cikin 1910s. Cibiyar Ingantaccen Magunguna, wanda aka kammala a watan Disamba 2001, ɗayan irin wannan haɗin gwiwar ne, wanda ke ɗauke da Cibiyar Cancer ta Alvin J. Siteman . A   ,  ɗayan manyan gine-gine ne a cikin kunngiyar magunguna da  Kula da Lafiya. 

A cikin  fadada kungiyar kwararrun Likitoci suna da yawa musamman manyan gine-gine. Kwanan nan aka kammala shine    Cibiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya na BJC, wanda Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Washington za ta mamaye benaye da yawa. Shine gini mafi girma da aka gina akan harabar Jami'ar Washington. An kira shi Cibiyar BJC na Kiwon Lafiya a Jami'ar Washington, za ta gina Cibiyar Nazarin BioMed 21 ta Bincike, cibiyoyin bincike daban-daban guda biyar, dakunan gwaje-gwaje, da ƙarin sarari don Cibiyar Genome . 

Manyan gine-ginen, cibiyoyi, da sarari a harabar asibitin sun hada da Barnes-Jewish Hospital, da Cibiyar Cibiyar Kurame, St. da Cibiyar Raɗaɗɗu, da kuma Eric P. Newman Cibiyar Ilimi.

Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya tana samun dama ta tashar Central West End MetroLink, wanda ke ba da jigilar kaya zuwa sauran cibiyoyin karatun Jami'ar Washington.

## Wadanda suk lashe kyautar Nobel
**Physiology or Medicine**

* 1943: Edward A. Doisy (1893-1986), Faculty of Medicine, 1919-1923
* 1944: Joseph Erlanger (1874-1965), Shugaban, Sashen Ilimin Kimiyyar Jiki 1910-1946
* 1944: Herbert Gasser (1888-1963), Faculty of Medicine, 1916-1931
* 1947: Carl F. Cori (1896-1984), Faculty of Medicine 1931-1984
* 1947: Gerty T. Cori (1896-1957), Faculty of Medicine 1931-1957
* 1959: Arthur Kornberg, Shugaban, Sashin ilimin kanana, 1952-1959
* 1959: Severo Ochoa, Faculty of Medicine 1940-1942
* 1969: Alfred Hershey (1908-1997), Faculty of Medicine 1934–1950
* 1971: Earl Sutherland (1915-1974), MD 42, Mazaunin Magungunan Cikin Gida 1943-1945, Faculty of Medicine, 1945-1953
* 1974: Christian de Duve, Faculty of Medicine 1946–1947
* 1978: Daniel Nathans (1928-1999), MD 54
* 1978: Hamilton O. Smith, Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Washington 1956-1957
* 1980: George D. Snell, Faculty of Arts da Kimiyya 1933-1934
* 1986: Stanley Cohen, Faculty of Arts da Kimiyya 1953-1959
* 1986: Rita Levi-Montalcini (1909–2012), Faculty of Arts da Kimiyya, 1948–1977 
* 1992: Edwin G. Krebs, MD 43, Mazauni a Magungunan Cikin Gida sannan kuma Mataimakin Bincike a Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Halittu 1945–1948
* 1998: Robert F. Furchgott, Ph.D. Faculty of Medicine, 1949-1956
* 2020: Charles M. Rice, Ph.D. Faculty of Medicine, 1986-2001

* 1970: Luis F. Leloir, Faculty of Medicine 1944
* 1980: Paul Berg, Faculty of Medicine 1954–1959
* 2012: Brian Kobilka, Mazaunin Magungunan Cikin Gida, 1981-1984

## Tsoffin ɗalibai

* Alexis F. Hartmann, MD '21; likitan yara, masanin kimiyyar halittu da kuma tsohon farfesa a fannin ilimin yara
* Ewald W. Busse, MD '42; likitan hauka kuma shugaban makarantar likitanci ta Jami'ar Duke
* Earl Sutherland, MD '42; masanin kimiyyar nazarin halittu kuma wanda ya lashe kyautar Nobel a ilimin kimiyyar lissafi ko magani
* Edwin G. Krebs, MD '43; masanin kimiyyar nazarin halittu kuma wanda ya lashe kyautar Nobel a ilimin kimiyyar lissafi ko magani
* David W. Talmage, MD '44; mai rigakafin rigakafi
* Helen Elizabeth Nash, MD, PhD '45; likitan yara; shugaban ƙananan al'amuran a Makarantar Medicine ta Jami'ar Washington
* Ernst Wynder, MD '50; shan sigari da cutar sankarar huhu 
* Daniel Nathans, MD '54; masanin kwayar halittu kuma wanda ya lashe kyautar Nobel a fannin ilimin kimiyyar lissafi ko magani da kuma Medal na Kimiyyar Kasa
* James E. Darnell Jr., MD '55; masanin kimiyyar kwayoyin kuma wanda ya ci lambar yabo ta kasa ta kimiyya
* Selna Kaplan, MD '55; likitan ilimin likitancin yara
* Thomas Hornbein, MD '56; mai hawan dutse kuma shugaban ilimin maganin rigakafi a Jami’ar Washington School of Medicine
* Clay Armstrong, MD '60; masanin kimiyyar lissafi kuma wanda ya lashe kyautar Albert Lasker don Nazarin Likitanci na Asali don bayanin tashoshin K +
* Floyd E. Bloom, MD '60; shugaban kamfanin neuropharmacology a Scripps Research Institute kuma editan-in-Chief of *Science*
* Pedro Cuatrecasas, MD '62; mai kirkirar dangantaka tsakanin chromatography da lashe kyautar Wolf a Medicine
* C. Garrison Fathman, MD '69; likitan rigakafi na asibiti
* Philip O. Alderson, MD '70; shugaban makarantar likita ta jami'ar Saint Louis
* Jonathan Mann, MD '74; shugaban Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya shirin AIDS na duniya
* Dan R. Littman, MD, PhD '80; mai rigakafin rigakafi, mai binciken HHMI, memba na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa da Cibiyar Magunguna
* Eric D. Green, MD, PhD '87, HS '91; darektan NHGRI

## Sauran asibitocin hade

* Asibitin yara na St.
* Alvin J. Siteman Cibiyar Cancer
* Barnes-Bayahude Yammacin Asibitin
* Barnes-Jewish St. Peters Asibitin
* Asibitin Kirista
* Northwest HealthCare
* Metropolitan St. Louis Cibiyar Hauka
* Missouri Baptist Medical Center
* Asibitin St. Shriner

## Duba kuma

* Littafin Washington na Magungunan Magunguna

## Manazarta