open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Zdenka Fantlová

**Zdenka Fantlová**, an haife ta a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da ashirin da biyu, ta  mutu a shekara ta dubu biyu da ashirin da biyu, yar wasan kwaikwayo ce na Czech, marubuciya  kuma wanda ta tsira daga Holocaust.

## Tarihin Rayuwar ta
Fantlová ta girma a Rokycany a cikin Czechoslovakia. Ita da danginta, kamar manyan ɓangarorin Yahudawa a Czechoslovakia, an tura su a watan Janairun 1942 zuwa ghetto a Theresienstadt, inda a baya ma aka kai saurayinta Arno. Da yake fuskantar labarin an sace shi daga Theresienstadt, Arno ya yi zobe tare da rubutu "Arno 13.6.1942" wanda ya ba Zdenka a matsayin kyautar alkawari. Washegari aka sace Arno ba a sake ganinsa ba.  A cikin yanayi mai wuya, Zdenka ta ajiye zoben pewter a matsayin abin tunawa na soyayyar kuruciyarta, kuma daga baya ya zama wani ɓangare na taken tarihin rayuwarta. 

Fantlová ta shiga cikin ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo da suka faru a Theresienstadt. An rufe ghetto a cikin kaka na shekarar 1944 kuma an ƙaura da mazaunanta zuwa wasu sansanonin.

An kai Fantlová da mahaifiyarta da ’yar’uwarta a cikin motocin shanu zuwa Auschwitz, inda aka kashe mahaifiyar jim kadan bayan isarsu.   Ita da 'yar uwarta Lydia sai suka bi ta sansanonin Gross-Rosen da ke Jamus, da Mauthausen a Ostiriya, da kuma Bergen-Belsen, inda 'yar'uwarta Lydia ta mutu sakamakon kamuwa da cutar typhus da ta barke a can. Fantlová ta tsira kuma Sojojin Burtaniya sun 'yantar da su a ranar sha biyar ga Afrilu shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da arba'in da biyar.

Fantlová vistades en tid i Sverige där hon fick vård och återhämtning i Röda korsets regi. Hon emigrerade 1949 till Australien där hon verkade som skådespelare, och flyttade 1969 till London. Hon kom att under många år besöka skolor och andra organisationer och berätta om sina upplevelser av nazisternas övergrepp under andra världskriget.  

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

* (på tjeckiska) Klid je síla, řek̕ tatínek. Primus. 1996. . OCLC 36752461.  
** My lucky star. New York: Herodias. 2001. Libris 6938579.  
** Fantlová, Zdenka; Viney Deryck (2012). The tin ring: how I cheated death. Alnwick [Northumberland]: McNidder & Grace. Libris 16015278.  
* Haggith Toby, Newman Joanna, red (2005). Holocaust and the moving image: representations in film and television since 1933. Medförfattare: Zdenka Fantlová. London: Wallflower. Libris 9805801.
Susie Essman

**Susie Essman** ’yar wasan kwaikwayo ce Ba’amurke da aka haife ta talatin da daya ga Mayu , shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da hamsin da biyar a Dutsen Vernon, Jihar New York ( Amurka ).

## Tarihin Rayuwa

## Manazarta
Eva Fahidi

**Eva Fahidi** an haife ta a cikin shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da ashirin da biyar a Debrecen, 1925 wanda ta  tsira daga Holocaust kuma marubuciyar Hungarian. Ta tsira daga tura ta zuwa sansanin taro na Auschwitz-Birkenau sannan ta tilasta mata aiki a sansanin tauraron dan adam a Buchenwald.

## Tarihin rayuwa
Eva Fahidi ta girma a cikin dangin Hungarian-Yahudawa mai matsakaicin aji a Debrecen. Sha hudu ga Mayu, a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da arba'in da hudu, tana cikin motocin shanu suna isa sansanin taro na Auschwitz-Birkenau. An koro da danginta zuwa sansanin, likitan SS Josef Mengele ya zaɓe ta don yin aikin tilas. Eva Fahidis ta rasa 'yar uwarta, mahaifiyarta da mahaifinta a sansanin Auschwitz.

Bayan da aka sake ta a shekara ta 1945, ta koma Hungary sannan ta shiga cikin 'yan gurguzu na Hungarian don gina al'umma mafi kyau. Ma'aikaciya a masana'antu kuma godiya ga Francophonie dinta, ita ce shugabar manufofin kasashen waje kan karafa na kasar Hungary.

Kamar sauran waɗanda suka tsira daga Holocaust, ta yi shiru na 45 ans sannan ta fara yin rubutu game da yanayin korar Yahudawan Hungary. A cikin 1990 ta karɓi gayyatar tsoffin fursunoni zuwa Stadtallendorf kuma ta ziyarci wurin tunawa da Auschwitz a shekara ta dubu biyu da hudu

An fassara littafinta *Anima Rerum* (an buga a 2004) zuwa Jamusanci a cikin 2011. Eva Fahidi na ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka tsira daga Holocaust na ƙarshe.

Apirl sha daya a cikin shekara ta dubu biyu da goma sha tara, An ba ta suna ɗan ƙasa mai daraja na birnin Weimar.

## Ayyuka

* *Ruhin abubuwa*. Doris Fischer ya fassara daga Hungarian, ed. A madadin Kwamitin Auschwitz na Duniya, Berlin, da Cibiyar Tunawa da Juriya ta Jamus, Berlin, gidan buga littafin Lukas 2011 ( ISBN 978-3-86732-098-6 ).
* *Anima Rerum: a dolgok Lelke* . Budapest, Tudomány Kiado, 2005 ( ISBN 9789638194510 ).
* *Sirrin sulhu shine ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya* . Takaddun Ranakun Taro na Duniya a Stadtallendorf, Münch Mill Camp, Nobel; daga 21 zu26 octobre 1990Oktoba 26, 1990 Hukumar birni mai alhakin, Stadtallendorf 1991

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

* Thomas Gonschior, Christa Spannbauer, *Ƙaunar Rayuwa.* *Saƙon daga waɗanda suka tsira daga Auschwitz*, Europa Verlag, Berlin, 2014 ( ISBN 978-3-944305-57-8).

## Manazarta
Beki Ikala Erikli

**Beki İkala Erikli** (an haife ta  **Beki Çukran** a shekarar alif dari tara da sittin da takwas miladiyya 1968 a Istanbul - an kashe ta sha biyar ga Disamba, shekara ta dubu biyu da goma sha shida saurare)) marubuciya Baturke ce da ta shahara da littattafan taimakon kai  .

## Tarihin Rayuwar ta
Bayan ta kammala karatunta a Kwalejin Robert da ke Istanbul sannan kuma daga sashin kula da harkokin kasuwanci na Jami'ar Bosphorus, ta samu mukamin darektan tallace-tallace a Procter &amp;amp; Gamble da ke Ingila, mukamin da ta rike na tsawon shekaru 13  . Bayan tafiyarsa, Beki İkala Erikli ya yi horon horo don koyon jiyya " madadin kamar ho'oponopono ko ruhaniyanci tare da Doreen nagarta.

A lokacin rayuwarta, ta rubuta litattafai na ci gaban mutum guda 8, *Meleklerle Yaşamak* shine sananne. A Turkiyya, littafin shine mafi kyawun siyarwa tare da sake fitar da fiye da dari biyu a cikin shekaru 5. Har yanzu babu dayan wadannan littattafan da aka fassara zuwa Faransanci  .

An kashe Beki İkala Erikli tare da harbi uku.sha biyar ga Disamba, shekara ta dubu biyu da goma sha shida a wajen ofishinta a Beyoğlu, Istanbul, An kama shi, marubucin harin, Sinem Koç , ya furta cewa ya kashe ta bayan ya karanta daya daga cikin littattafanta wanda zai kasance " karye hankalinsa kuma yana so ya kare  masu karatu masu yiwuwa. A cikin Mayu shekara ta dubu biyu da goma sha takwas , a karshe an yanke masa hukuncin daurin rai da rai a gidan yari saboda laifin kisan kai da kuma zaman gidan yari na shekara daya saboda mallakar makami ba bisa ka'ida ba  .

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

* (tr) Meleklerle Yaşamak [« Vivre avec les anges »], Goa Basım Yayın, 2010, 144 p. ()
* (tr) Meleklerin Gücü [« Le pouvoir des anges »], Destek Yayınları, 2012, 359 p. ()
* (tr) Meleklerle Geçmişi Şifalandırın ve Geleceğinizi Baştan Yaratın [« Guéris le passé avec les anges et rachète ton avenir »], Destek Yayınevi, 2012 ()
* (tr) Meleklerle Bereketi Hayatınıza Çekin [« Apportez des bénédictions à votre vie avec les anges »], Goa, 2014, 224 p. ()
* (tr) İş Hayatında Melekler [« Les anges dans la vie des affaires »], Goa, 2013 ()
* (tr) Yeni Çağın Çocukları [« Enfants du nouvel âge »], Mona, 2016 ()
* (tr) Meleğinizle Buluşma [« Rencontrez votre ange »], Mona Kitap, 2016, 64 p. ()
Kola Adesina

**Kola Adesina** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1964) ɗan kasuwan Najeriya ne, manajan darakta na ƙungiyar Sahara Group, tsohon shugaban Egbin Power Plc, kuma shugaban hukumar Ikeja Electric.

## Ilimi
Adesina ya samu digirin B.sc a fannin Inshora da kuma digiri na M.Sc a fannin kasuwanci daga Jami’ar Legas . Ya kuma cigaba da karatunsa ta hanyar samun shirye-shiryen zartarwa a Makarantar Kasuwancin Harvard da Shirin Babban Gudanarwa na Makarantar Wharton.

## Sana'a
Kafin kamfanin Sahara Group Adesina ya fara sana’ar sa ta Inshora daga baya ya koma Sahara Group inda ya hau kan tsani saboda kwarewarsa ta siyar. A Sahara Group, ya jagoranci ayyuka daban-daban da suka hada da tsarin kula da tsarin samar da man fetur na kasa baki daya zuwa cibiyar samar da wutar lantarki ta gaggawa ta rusasshiyar hukumar samar da wutar lantarki ta kasa (yanzu Power Holding Company Nigeria Limited ), tawagar Majestic Oil a kan saye. na matatar mai na Saliyo, sannan kuma ya kula da kwangilar danyen mai na kungiyar a Cote d'Ivoire inda ya kuma zama daraktan samar da ababen more rayuwa, wanda ke da alhakin mallakar manyan kadarori a Afirka.

Ya taba zama mamba a kwamitin shugaban kasa da shugaba Jonathan ya kaddamar kan habaka habaka samar da wutar lantarki a Najeriya, wanda ya kai ga rashin hada kan kamfanonin da suka gada daga PHCN. Haka kuma shi ne shugaban hukumar Ikeja Electric.

A cikin 2022, an ba shi rawani a matsayin Icon na Sashin Masu zaman kansu *[[Vanguard (Nijeriya)|na Vanguard]]* .

## Manazarta
Segun Adaju

**Segun Adaju** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1969) ɗan kasuwan Najeriya ne, Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma Shugaban Ƙungiyar Makamashi Renewable Nigeria (REAN). Ya kasance mataimakin manaja  na Integrated Micro-finance Bank Limited wanda shine farkon bankin Micro-finance a Najeriya kuma wanda ya kafa kuma shine Manajan Darakta na GS Micro-finance Bank Limited.

## Ilimi
Adaju ya sami digiri a fannin tattalin arziki da MBA a Jami'ar Legas. Ya ci gaba da karatunsa ta hanyar samun shirye-shiryen zartarwa a Makarantar Kasuwancin Harvard, MIT/Sloan School of Management, Frankfurt School of Management, Renewable Academy Berlin da Makarantar Kasuwancin Legas.

## Sana'a
Kafin Consistent Energy, Adaju ya yi aiki tare da manyan bankunan kasuwanci a Najeriya kamar Equity Bank of Nigeria Limited, First Atlantic Bank Plc da First City Monument Bank Plc kafin ya bar aiki a shekarar 2006 ya hada hannu da bankin Integrated Micro-finance Bank wanda shine farkon kananan kudi. banki a Najeriya  daga baya kuma ya tashi ya kafa nasa bankin Micro-finance, GS Micro-finance Bank Ltd a 2007. A cikin Janairu 2015, ya kafa Consistent Energy Limited kuma a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin Babban Jami'in Energizing.

Shi Jagora ne a karkashin shirin Tony Elumelu Entrepreneurship Programme (TEEP) kuma Koci a karkashin dandalin Yammacin Afirka don Tsabtace Makamashi Mai Tsabta (WAFCEF).

## Nassoshi
Jerin filayen jiragen sama a Benin

Wannan **jerin [[Filin jirgin sama|filayen jirgin sama]] ne a [[Benin]]**, an jera su ta wuri (location).

Benin, a hukumance Jamhuriyar Benin (   ), kasa ce a yammacin Afirka. Tana iyaka da Togo zuwa yamma, Najeriya a gabas da Burkina Faso da Nijar daga arewa; gajeren iyakarta zuwa kudu yana kaiwa ga Bight of Benin.

## filayen jiragen sama
Sunayen filin jirgin da aka nuna da **babba (bold)** suna nuna filin jirgin ya shirya hidimar kan kamfanonin jiragen sama na kasuwanci.

## Duba kuma

* Sufuri a Benin
* Jerin filayen jiragen sama ta lambar ICAO: D#DB - Benin
* Wikipedia: WikiProject Aviation/Jirgin sama jerin wuraren da za a nufa: Afirka#Benin

## Manazarta
Tashoshin jirgin kasa a Benin

Ana ci gaba da samar da sufurin jiragen kasa a Benin tun daga shekarar 1906. Tashoshin jirgin kasa a Benin sun hada da:

## Taswirori

* Taswirar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Benin

## Aiki

* Koton - (0&nbsp;km) tashar ruwa
* Porto Novo - babban birnin kasar; masana'anta siminti
* Bohicon
* Dassa-Zoume
* Ajiye
* Parakou - (438&nbsp;km) layin dogo a arewa

## Mara aiki

* Pobé - layin dogo na reshe a gabas
* Ouidah - akan layi zuwa yamma
* Segboroué - layin dogo na reshe a yamma.

## A karkashin gini

* (2015)   
*  Parakou (438&nbsp;km) - dogo a arewa
*  Ndali
*  Kandi
*  Guéné
*  Lama-Kara
* iyaka (574&nbsp;km) 
*  Gaya
*  Dosso 
*  Kollo
*  Ka ce - baƙin ƙarfe tare da 650Mt na ajiyar kuɗi.
*  Yamai (1000&nbsp;km)

## An gabatar

* Cadjehoun St Jean
* Godomey
* Cococodji
* Pahou - ƙarshen sabis na fasinja na birni 
* Semé
* Porto Novo
* Cotonou - ƙarshen sabis na fasinja na kewayen birni

## An rufe

* Abomey - junction a kan tsohon 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in) Zagnanado narrow gauge line * Zagnanado - branch terminus on former Zagnanado narrow gauge line * Hévé - branch terminus on former Mono narrow gauge line (station intact, but line lifted) * Comè - intermediate stop on former Mono narrow gauge line * Adjaha - intermediate stop on former Mono narrow gauge line

## Duba kuma

* AfirkaRail
* Tashoshin jirgin kasa a Nijar
* Tashoshin jirgin kasa a Togo
* Sufuri a Benin

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* UNHCR Taswirar Benin
* CIA taswirar Benin
Cutar huhu

**Cututtukan numfashi**, ko **cututtukan huhu**, Cututtuka ne da ke shafar gabobi da tsoka - *tissue* wanda ke haifar da wahalar numfashi ga dabbobi masu shakar iska. Sun hada da yanayi na cututtukan hanyoyin numfashi ciki har da trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, pleurae, pleural cavity, jijiyoyi da gabobin numfashi. Cututtukan na numfashi sun hada da masu sauki ko wanda za'a iya shawo kansu cikin sauki, irin su mura, majina da tari, da kuma pharyngitis zuwa cututtuka masu barazana ga rayuwar dan-Adam irin su asthma da sankarar huhu, tarin fuka, asma mai tsanani, ciwon huhu, da cututtuka masu tsanani na numfashi kamar COVID-19. Ana iya rarraba cututtuka na numfashi ta hanyoyi daban-daban, kamar dangane da gabobin jiki ko nama da ke kamuwa da cutar, t ko kuma ta alamomin da dalilan cutar.

Ana kiran karatun nazarin cututtukan da suka shafi numfashi da *pulmonology*. Likitan da ya kware akan cututtukan numfashi ana kiran shi da likitan huhu *pulmonologist,* ƙwararren likitan ƙirji, ƙwararrun likitancin numfashi, likitan numfashi ko ƙwararren likitancin thoracic.

## Cututtukan da ke toshe [[huhu]]
Asthma, ''Chronic bronchitis'', Cutar huhu na yau da kullun (COPD), dukkanninsu cututtuka ne da ke hana numfashi ta hanyar toshe hanyoyin iska. Wannan suna iyakance iskar da ke shiga gabar ''alveoli'' saboda toshewar hanyar iska (*bronchial tree)* a dalilin kumburi. Ana iya gano cututtukan da ke toshe huhu ta hanyar alamomin cutar da kuma awo na auna cutar huhu irinsu *[[spirometry]].* Ana iya magance mafi yawancin wadannan cututtuka ta hanyar rage cudanya da abubuwan da ke tayar da su (kamar kwayoyin kura da Shan taba), da kuma alamomi irinsu *bronchodilators,*  da kuma kore kumburi (kamar ta hanyar  ''corticosteroids'') a lokacin da cutar yayi tsanani.

## Manazarta
Dorothy Vena Johnson

**Dorothy Vena Johnson** an haife ta a watan Mayu 7,shekara ta alif dari takwas da casa'in da takwas zuwa alif dari tara da saba'in 1898 - 1970) mawakiyar Ba'amurkiya ce kuma malama wacce ke zaune a Los Angeles, California. A cikin 1939, ta kasance mai haɗin gwiwa na League of Allied Arts, ƙungiyar fasahar mata ta Ba-Amurke.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
An haifi Dorothy Vena a Los Angeles, 'yar James Vena da matarsa Namie (née Plum). Shi ma’aikacin gidan waya ne, edita, kuma memba ne wanda ya kafa reshen Los Angeles na NAACP. Ta sami digiri na farko a Jami'ar Kudancin California da takardar shaidar koyarwa a Jami'ar California, Los Angeles (UCLA). 

Ta auri wani lauya, Ivan Johnson III, kafin 1932. Ta rasu a shekara ta 1970, bayan da ta yi fama da zubar jini a kwakwalwa.

## Aiki
Johnson mawaƙiya ce wanda Harlem Renaissance ya rinjaye ta.  Wakokinta da suka hada da "Green Valley", "Palace", "Letter En Route Overseas", "Bread for Sale", "Epitaph for a Bigot", da "Ball War Ballad", an saka su cikin wallafe-wallafe da tarin wakoki da Arna ya shirya. Bontemps da Beatrice M. Murphy.    Ayyukanta har yanzu suna bayyana a cikin tarihin baƙar fata waƙar mata. 

Johnson da ma'aikacin zamantakewa Juanita Ellsworth Miller (matar wallafe-wallafe da alkali Loren Miller )  tayi aiki don inganta mawaka Langston Hughes lokacin da take Los Angeles, kuma daga wannan kwarewa sun hadu da Kungiyar Allied Arts, dan Afirka- Kungiyar mata ta Amirka,a 1939. Johnson itace shugaban kungiyar tun kafa ta har zuwa tsakiyar 1950s.  A lokacin aikinta kungiyar ta fara ba da tallafin karatu ga masu fasaha da marubuta bakar fata,da habaka yan rawa, gabatarwar wasan kwaikwayo, da karatun marubuta, kuma ta goyi bayan zane-zanen *Hijira* na Yakubu Lawrence. A cikin 1962, an kira Johnson "Mace ta Shekara" ta California Alpha Psi Zeta babi na Zeta Phi Beta sorority.

Johnson ta koyar da aikin jarida ga ƙananan daliban makarantar sakandare a gundumar Unified School District na Los Angeles fiye da shekaru arba'in. Ta kasance memba na Kungiyar Malaman Rubutun Kirkirar Rubutun Los Angeles.Ita ce shugabar makarantar sakandare ta Garden Gate, ta yi ritaya a 1963.Daga cikin dalibanta akwai 'yar kasuwa Dolores Ratcliffe, wacce ta tuna da ita a matsayin "fitaccen mutum kuma daya ne kawai daga cikin malamai bakar fata guda biyu a makarantar firamare ta.A aji uku na yanke shawarar cewa zan zama kamar ita.” 

Ita ce bakar fata ta farko a makarantar sakandare ta Los Angeles. 

## Gado
An sadaukar da Makarantar Sakandare ta Dorothy Vera Johnson a cikin Disamba 1980.  Daga baya an san shi da Makarantar Ranar Jama'a ta Johnson, makarantar ci gaba na maki 7 zuwa 12, wacce ke a yankin masana'antu gabas da Titin Harbour a Kudancin Los Angeles.A cikin Oktoba 2008 an koma wani kusurwa na Bernstein High School kudu da Sunset Boulevard a Hollywood. 

Tarin tarihin bakar fata a Reshen Vernon na Laburaren Jama'a na Los Angeles an sanya wa Johnson suna a cikin 1971. 

Ƙungiyar Allied Arts har yanzu tana aiki a Los Angeles; Ana adana takardunsa a UCLA.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin hadi na waje
Zémidjan

**Zémidjan** (ko **zem**) wani nau'in tasi ne da ake samu a Benin.  Ana samun mafi girman taro a cikin birni mafi girma, Cotonou, inda akwai kimanin 72,000.  Zémidjans babura ne da ke ɗaukar fasinja ɗaya zuwa biyu na ɗan gajeren zango a cikin garuruwa. Farashin fasinja gaba ɗaya ana iya sasantawa. Direbobin suna sanye ne da yunifom masu launi na birni kuma suna da lambobin rajista a baya. Sunan ya samo asali ne daga yaren Fon inda kuma zémidjan ke nufin "kai ni can da sauri" ko "ka ɗauke ni da sauri".  

Hanyar kiran zémidjan ita ce "  ", kalmar da aka samo daga harshen Fon. 'Keke' na nufin babur kuma 'a'a' na nufin 'mai':  don haka a zahiri yana nufin 'mai babur'. Zémidjan yawanci yana tsayawa kuma fasinja da direba suna tattaunawa akan farashin, ya danganta da wurin da za'a nufa. Mafi ƙarancin ƙima shine 100FCFA.

An yi wani fim mai suna *Dreamcycles* na Nelson Roubert game da  na Tevisodji Park.

## Duba kuma

* Taxi
* Babur taxi

## Manazarta
Miriam Engelberg

**Miriam Engelberg** (77 ga Janairu shekarar,1958) Marubuciyar littafin barkwanci ne na Amurka, wanda ta rubuta mujallar tarihin rayuwar *Yadda Ciwon daji Ya Sa Ni Kaunar Talabijin da Kalmomi* (Cancer Ya Sa Ni Mutum Mai Shallower). A cikin wannan littafin tarihin ban dariya, Miriam Engelberg cikin raha ta kwatanta rayuwarta ta yau da kullun a matsayin mai haƙuri da ciwon nono.

Miriam Engelberg ta mutu ranar 17 ga watan Oktoba, 2006.

## Aiki

* Miriam Engelberg (trad. de l'anglais), Comment le cancer m'a fait aimer la télé et les mots croisés journal autobiographique en bande dessinée, Paris, Delcourt, 2006, 123 p. (ISBN 978-2-7560-0748-9)

## Manazarta
Asia Abdelmajid

**Asia Mohammed Tom Taher Al-Katiabi** kuma an santa da **Asia Abdelmajid** (; 1943, Omdurman  – 3 Mayu, 2023) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma malamar ƙasar Sudan. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun ƴan wasan kwaikwayo na farko a Sudan, inda ta fara samun yabo don wasan kwaikwayo da ta ke.

Ita ce gwauruwar mawakiyar Muhammad al-Fayturi, an kashe ta a rikicin Sudan 2023 a ranar 3 ga watan Mayun shekara ta 2023. Ta na da shekaru 80 a duniya.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Asiya Mohammed Tom Taher Al-Katiabi a Omdurman, Sudan a shekarar 1943 ga Batoul Mohammed Ahmed Al-Sheikh Al-Jali. Iyalan Al-Katiabi sun gabatar wa Sudan da waƙoƙi da dama kamar su Mawaki Al-Tijani Yusuf Bashir da  Ɗan uwanta Abdulmajid ne ya rene ta, wanda kamar mahaifinta na biyu ne, ta saka sunansa a matsayin na mahaifi. 

Asiya ta yi karatu a makarantar firamare ta Abdel Moneim da ke birnin Khartoum, sannan ta yi karatu a makarantar Middle School ta Karry. A shekarar 1959 ta shiga Kwalejin Malamai da ke Omdurman, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin malama a wannan kwaleji bayan ta kammala a shekara ta 1962. Asiya ta tafi ƙasar Masar a cikin shekarar 1968 don yin karatu a Kwalejin Ilimi ta Alkahira, a Sashen Mukaddashin, kuma ta kammala a  shekarar 1972. Ita ce kan gaba a rukuninta da suka haɗa da Ahmed Zaki, , , ,  dad . Ta sami digiri na biyu a Cibiyar Ilimin Larabci da Ci Gaban Karatu a Khartoum, kuma a lokacin karatunta a Alkahira, ta shiga cikin ƙaramin aiki a cikin wasan kwaikwayo "Al-Bakashin" a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Khiam wanda Farid Shawqi ya fito acikin shirin.

## Sana'a
Asiya tana son wasan kwaikwayo tun kuruciyarta lokacin da take yin labaran litattafai na matakin farko. A Makarantar Karry, ta shiga ƙungiyar riko a ƙarƙashin Farfesa Buthaina Khaled, don gabatar da ƙwararrun wasan kwaikwayo na Larabci da na duniya kamar Shajar al-Durr, Cleopatra da Cinderella. A wasu lokuta takan taka rawar maza a cikin wasan kwaikwayo. Asiya ta samu sha'awar Farfesa Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim wadda ta rubuta labarinta a mujallar Muryar Mata.

Lokacin da Sudan TV ta fara aiki a shekara ta 1963, Asiya tana shiga cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo tare da Helmy Ibrahim da sauransu. Bugu da ƙari, ta kasance cikin shirin Ramadan tare da Al-Fadl Saeed [ar] wanda aka gabatar kai tsaye. An yi jerin shirye-shiryen kyauta tsawon shekaru biyu a jere saboda babu kasafin kudi.

A shekarar 1965, a bikin cika shekara guda da juyin juya halin Oktoba, ta gabatar da wasan kwaikwayo Pamseeka, wanda shi ne wasan kwaikwayo na farko da aka nuna a dandalin sabon matakin ƙasa a Omdurman. Ta taka rawar gani kuma ƴan jaridu suna kiranta "'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta Sudan"

## Mutuwa
Asiya ta mutu a yammacin ranar 3 ga watan Mayu, shekarar 2023, sakamakon raunukan da ta samu bayan wani harsashi da ya biyo ta cikin gidanta da ke birnin Khartoum sakamakon rikicin da ya ɓarke a Sudan wanda ya fara a ranar 15 ga watan Afrilu, 2023 tsakanin Sojoji na Sudan da kuma Rapid Support Force.

An binne ta cikin sa'o'i kadan da harbe-harbe a filin kindergarten da take aiki, saboda yana da hadari a kai ta makabarta a lokacin da ake tsaka da gwabza yaƙin.

## Manazarta
Hanyoyi a Botswana

Botswana tana da hanyar sadarwa na tituna, masu inganci da iya aiki iri-iri, jimlar kusan  . Sauran waɗannan,  an shimfida (wannan ya haɗa da  na manyan motoci.  The reminder  darajar ba ta da kyau. Ana nuna nisan hanya a cikin kilomita kuma ana nuna **iyakar saurin Botswana** a cikin kilomita cikin sa'a (kph) ko ta amfani da alamar iyakar gudun ƙasa (NSL). Wasu nau'ikan abin hawa suna da matsakaicin matsakaicin iyaka daban-daban waɗanda aka tilasta su ta iyakokin gudu, misali manyan motoci. 

## Rabewa

### Gudanarwa
Alhakin hanyar sadarwar hanya ya bambanta tsakanin trunck da kuma hanyoyin da ba na gangar jikin ba. Ma'aikatar Sufuri ce ke kula da titunan akwati, wadanda su ne mafi mahimmancin tituna.   Rarraba hanyoyin A da B sun kasance masu zaman kansu daga faɗin su da ingancinsu. Wasu hanyoyin B suna da faɗin isa don ɗaukar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa, yayin da wasu sun fi kunkuntar wuraren wucewa iri-iri. Hanyoyin B suna bin tsarin lambobi iri ɗaya da hanyoyin A, amma kusan koyaushe suna da lambobi 3- da 4. 

### A hanyoyi
**Hanyoyi** sune manyan tituna da sauran tituna.

### B hanyoyi
**Hanyoyin B** sune hanyoyin rarraba, waɗanda ke ganin ƙarancin zirga-zirga fiye da hanyoyin A.

### Hanyoyin mota
Hanyoyin motoci a Botswana suna da jerin takunkumi, waɗanda ke hana wasu zirga-zirgar ababen hawa amfani da hanyar. Ba a yarda da nau'ikan zirga-zirga masu zuwa akan manyan hanyoyin Botswana:

* Direbobin koyo
* Motoci masu sannu-sannu (watau, ba za su iya kaiwa 60km/h a kan babbar hanya ba).
* Karusai marasa inganci (motoci masu kafa uku marasa nauyi)
* Masu tafiya a ƙasa
* Kekuna-kekuna ( kekuna, da sauransu. )
* Motoci kasa da cc50 (misali, mopeds )
* Taraktoci
* Dabbobi

Dokokin tuki a kan manyan tituna sun haɗa da:

* Dokar kiyaye-hagu tana aiki sai dai idan ta wuce
* Babu tsayawa a kowane lokaci
* Babu juyawa
* Babu bugu
* Motocin da ke tafiya da sauri fiye da 80km/h kawai zasu iya amfani da layin waje
* Babu tuki akan gefen hanya 

Matsakaicin saurin babbar hanya shine 120km / h. 

### Alama
Alamu a kan hanyar sadarwar Botswana sun dace da ƙa'idodin Kudancin Afirka, kodayake alamu da yawa sun tsallake lambobi na Kudancin Afirka. Ana nuna duk tsawon nisa a cikin kilomita, gudun yana cikin kilomita cikin sa'a yayin da ake buƙatar ƙuntatawa tsayi da faɗi a cikin ƙafafu da inci (ko da yake ma'aunin awo na iya fitowa da zaɓi).

A al'adance, alamun hanya a Botswana suna amfani da bangon shuɗi maimakon launin rawaya, fari, ko lemu waɗanda sauran duniya ke amfani da su akan alamun gargaɗin zirga-zirga. A farkon shekarun 2010, jami'ai sun ba da sanarwar shirin fara fitar da alamomin shudiyya na musamman don neman karin alamu na yau da kullun don yin daidai da makwabtan kasashe mambobin kungiyar raya kasashen kudancin Afirka. 

## Duba kuma

* Botswana
* Sufuri a Botswana

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Taswirar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Botswana
* Air Botswana UK - Kamfanin jirgin saman Botswana na kasa
Manuela Fingueret

**Manuela Fingueret** (Agusta 9,1945  &#x2013; Maris 11,2013  )marubuci ne kuma malami ɗan Argentina.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
'Yar baƙi Lithuanian-Yahudawa,Rayuw an haife ta a La Chacarita Barrio na Buenos Aires kuma ta yi karatu don zama malami kuma ɗan jarida.Fingueret ya kasance darektan Area de Cultura Judia del Centro Cultural General San Martin.Ta kasance darektan shirye-shirye na FM Jai,gidan rediyon Yahudawa kuma ta yi aiki ga wallafe-wallafen Yahudawa da yawa,ciki har da *Nueva Sion* da *Arca del Sur.*

A cikin 1975,ta buga tarin waƙoƙinta na farko na *Tumultos contenidos* (Tsarin Hagu).Daga nan ne *Heredarás Babel*(Za ku gaji Babila)a cikin 1977 da *La piedra es una llaga en el tiempo* (Dutsen rauni ne a lokaci)a cikin 1980. 

## Wasu daga aiyukan ta

* *Ciudad en fuga y otros infiernos* (Birnin cikin jirgin da sauran jahannama), shayari (1984)
* *Eva y las máscaras* (Hauwa'u da Masks), shayari (1987)
* *Las picardias de Hérshele* (Barnar Hershele), littafin yara (1989)
* *Los huecos de tu cuerpo* (The Hollows of your body), shayari (1992)
* *Blues de la calle Leiva* (Leiva street blues), labari (1995)
* *Hija del silencio* ('yar shiru), novel (2000)
Olufemi Majekodunmi

**Olufemi Adetokunbo Majekodunmi,** (An haife shie 1 ga  watan Mayun shekarar  ta alif 1940) ɗan Biritaniya ne kuma ɗan Najeriya tsara mai gine-gine . 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Olufemi a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1940 a London, Ingila iyayen sa sune Moses Majekodunmi da Tomi Agbebi. Koyaya, ya girma a Najeriya kuma ya halarci Kwalejin St Gregory, Legas Daga baya ya koma Burtaniya don yin karatun gine-gine a makarantar Glasgow Art, Kwalejin Kingston na Art (yanzu Jami'ar Kingston ) kuma ya kammala karatunsa a 1966.

## Sana'a
Bayan kammala karatunsa, Femi ya yi aiki na wasu shekaru da kamfanoni a birnin Washington, DC bayan haka, ya dawo Najeriya ya yi aiki tare da Godwin da Hopwood Architects, Legas kafin ya kafa kamfanin gine-gine, sannan Femi Majekodunmi Associates, yanzu FMA Architects Ltd, a Najeriya a 1973. Kamfanin ya girma zuwa babban aiki, tare da wuraren reshe a Botswana da Afirka ta Kudu. Ya yi aiki tare da ƙungiyoyin gine-gine daban-daban don haɓaka aikin gine-gine a ƙasashe a faɗin Afirka. An danganta shi da ƙungiyoyin gine-gine da yawa. Shi ne shugaban farko na Cibiyar Nazarin Gine-gine ta Najeriya, sakatare na farko na kungiyar Architects na Afirka kuma tsohon shugaban kungiyar gine-gine ta duniya  daga 1990 zuwa 1993. Shi mamba ne a Cibiyar Nazarin Gine-gine ta Najeriya kuma memba a Cibiyar Sarauta ta Burtaniya.  Ya kasance Juror don gasa da yawa ciki har da WAN Awards don Gine-ginen Duniya. Mataimakin Farfesa ne a fannin gine-gine a Jami'ar Legas.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Yana auren Victoria Majekodunmi. Suna da yara hudu.

## Manazarta
Ruth Franklin

**Ruth Franklin** yar Amurka ce mai sukar adabi.Tsohuwar edita ce a *Sabuwar Jamhuriya* kuma Farfesa ne a Cibiyar Jarida ta Arthur L.Carter ta Jami'ar New York.Tarihinta na farko,*Shirley Jackson:A maimakon Haunted Life,*ta sami lambar yabo ta National Book Critics Circle Award for Biography kuma an sanya mata suna *[[New York Times]]* Notable Book of 2016.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Lokacin girma,Franklin ya halarci Makarantar Park na Baltimore. A lokacin babbar shekararta ta makarantar sakandare,Franklin ta shiga cikin wata jarida inda ta fuskanci cin zarafi daga tsofaffin manema labarai.

Bayan kammala karatunsa,Franklin ta shiga Jami'ar Columbia don samun digirinta na digiri a cikin Harshen Turanci da Adabi.Daga baya ta sauke karatu daga Jami’ar Harvard inda ta yi digiri na biyu a fannin adabi da kwatance.

## Sana'a
A cikin shekara ta 1999,Franklin ta fara aikinta na wallafe-wallafe a *Sabuwar Jamhuriya.*  Yayin da take aiki a matsayin babbar mai suka,ta buga littafinta na farko mai suna *Dubban Duhu:Lies and Truth in Holocaust Fiction* a 2010.A cikin littafin Franklin *A Dubban Duhu,*ta soki zaton cewa shaidun da suka tsira daga Holocaust na gaskiya ne kuma ya kamata a ɗauka haka.Heidi E.Bollinger ya rubuta:"Binciken nata yana tambayar gata tarihin tarihin tarihin almara kuma ya amince da hasashe a matsayin wani nau'i na faɗin gaskiya." A maimakon haka Franklin ya yi jayayya cewa an fi fahimtar wallafe-wallafen Holocaust ta hanyar almara. Sakamakon haka,ita ce mai karɓar lambar yabo ta 2012 Roger Shattuck don zargi tare da David Yaffe  kuma ta nada ɗan wasan ƙarshe don Kyautar Sami Rohr. 

A shekara mai zuwa,ta kasance mai karɓar Fellowship na Guggenheim kuma ta fara rubuta littafinta na biyu,S*hirley Jackson:A maimakon Haunted Life.* Ta shafe shekaru shida tana gudanar da bincike don littafinta,ciki har da rarraba ta hanyar tarihin Jackson a Library of Congress.  Bayan buga ta,ta sami lambar yabo ta National Book Critics Circle Award for Biography  kuma an nada ta a matsayin mai neman nasara ga PEN/Jacqueline Bograd Weld Award don Biography. An kuma ba wa littafin suna *[[New York Times]]* Notable Book of 2016  kuma ɗayan mujallu na Time babban littafin ƙagaggun labarai na shekara. A shekara mai zuwa,ta sami lambar yabo ta 2017 Phi Beta Kappa Society Award  da lambar yabo ta Plutarch.

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

### Littattafai

* *Dubu Dubu: Ƙarya da Gaskiya a Fiction na Holocaust* (2010)
* *Shirley Jackson: Rayuwar Haunted* (2016)

### Rubuce-rubuce, rahoto da sauran gudunmawa

* Gabatarwa ga *Shirley Jackson:Abokiyar* (2021)
* 

## Nassoshi
Nemata Majek-Walker

**Nemata Majeks-Walker** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1946/1947) yar gwagwarmayar kare hakkin mata ce 'yar Saliyo.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Majeks-Walker an haifeta  ga dangin Aku Mohammedan a Freetown, babban birnin Saliyo. Yariya tilo ce. Mahaifiyarta ta rasu tana da shekara biyar kacal. Kakar kakarta ne da sauran 'yan uwa suka rene ta.

Ta yi karatu a Makarantar 'Yan Mata ta Methodist, Makarantar Sakandare ta Magburaka don 'Yan Mata a Mathora, da Makarantar Memorial Annie Walsh a Freetown.

Ta samu gurbin karatu na gwamnati kuma ta sami digiri na farko a fannin Ingilishi da adabi a Kwalejin Fourah Bay (FBC) a shekarar 1972.TaTa sami horo a matsayin malami kuma ta sami Diploma a fannin Ilimi a 1973. Ta sami digiri na biyu a Turanci a matsayin Harshe na biyu a Jami'ar Illinois a Urbana–Champaign a 1975.

## Aikin ilimi
Majeks-Walker ya koma Freetown,yana karantarwa a Kwalejin Fourah Bay da AWMS, ya zama shugaban sashin Ingilishi a 1981,kafin ya yi aiki a matsayin jami'in haɓaka manhaja na Ingilishi a Cibiyar Ilimi a Freetown.

A cikin 1983,ta sami lambar yabo ta Commonwealth Scholarship don yin digiri na uku a fannin ilimin nesa a Jami'ar Surrey,a Guildford, Ingila.Ta sami digiri na uku a 1986 kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin jami'ar ilimi a Landan har zuwa farkon 1990s.

Tun daga 1999,Majeks-Walker ya kasance"mai ba da shawara kuma mai gudanarwa/mai koyarwa tare da ƙwarewar aiki a cikin jinsi,jagoranci, shawarwari,da siyasa".

## Ayyukan aiki
A cikin 2001,Majeks-Walker ya kafa rukunin 50/50 na Saliyo, wanda ya mai da hankali kan daidaito ga mata.

A cikin Yuli 2013,Majeks-Walker ya kasance mai magana a Dandalin Adalci na Duniya IV a Hague,Netherlands.

A cikin 2015,BBC ta nada ta a matsayin daya daga cikin *Mata 100.*

A cikin Janairu 2017,Majeks-Walker an nada Majeks-Walker a matsayin shugaban hukumar kula da hadaddun asibitocin koyarwa ta 'yan majalisar Saliyo na Kwamitin Nadawa da Ayyukan Jama'a.

## Duba kuma

* Mata a Saliyo

## Nassoshi
Suranci

**Suranci** (Sur-Myet, kuSur, Tapshin) harshe ne na dangin harsunan a jahar Filato na jihohin Bauchi da Filato dake Nijeriya. Akwai harsuna biyu da ke da kusanci da yaren  Súr da Myet.

Akwai akalla masu amfani da harshen Sur–Myet sama da mutum 16,000. Masu amfani da harshen Sur suna gewaye da 'yan yaren Ngas, wadanda ke kiran mutanen Sur da **Dishili.** Duk da haka, harshen Sur ya kasance harshe ne mai muhimmanci kuma har yanzu ana koya wa kananan yara, sannan kuma ba ya cikin harsunan da ke cikin haɗarin bacewa.

## Wuraren da mutanen Sur suke
Ana amfani da harshen Sur a wadannan kauyuka.
*Kancak
*Targal
*Kantem
*Shishir
*Gyasham Sakiya
*Kalep
*Mashekarah
*Bussa
*Kocten Angwan Gyad
*Shikanyan
*Bakin Kogi Pwai
*Bada Koshi
*Nasarawa Pwai
*B. Kogi Tapshin (ana kuma kiran kauyen Tapshin village da suna Ngotuk)
Sannan kuma ana amfani da harshen Myet a wadannan kauyuka
*Myet
*Gat Myet
*Dasham
*Dasham Yelwa
*Pukdi
*Yimi
*Nkandim

## Duba kuma
*Harsunan Najeriya

## Manazarta
Tatiana Vivienne

**Tatiana "Tati" Vivienne** mai kare hakkin bil'adama ce daga Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya (CAR).Ita ce ta kafa kuma darekta na Femmes Hommes Action Plus (FHAP-Turanci:Women Men Action Plus),ƙungiyar da ta mai da hankali kan taimaka wa mata da 'yan mata waɗanda aka fi sani da gurɓatacce.

## Rayuwan farko
Tatiana Vivienne ta girma a gefen Bangui,ɗaya daga cikin yara goma,'ya'ya mata hudu da maza shida.Sa’ad da take ɗan shekara biyar,mahaifinta ya ƙaura zuwa Baboua da ke arewa-maso-yammacin ƙasar don aiki,kuma a can ta yi karatu a makarantar Katolika.Saboda rashin kwanciyar hankali a CAR a lokacin,iyayenta da suka yi imani da mahimmancin ingantaccen ilimi,dole ne su tura ta Afirka ta Yamma don kammala karatunta.

## Ayyukan aiki
Bayan saduwa da mata da yara waɗanda Lord Resistance Army (LRA) suka yi niyya,Vivienne ta kafa Femmes Hommes Action Plus (FHAP)  acikin 2011.FHAP ta mayar da hankali ne kan taimaka wa marasa galihu,'yan mata da mata da kowa ya yi watsi da su,sannan kuma yana taimakawa wajen sake shigar da mata cikin al'ummominsu,ciki har da wadanda suka tsere daga LRA.Da yake magana game da FHAP,Vivienne ta ce: "Mu ne muryar marasa murya." Kungiyarta na daya daga cikin wadanda ke sa ido,tattara bayanai da kuma bayar da rahoton take hakkin dan Adam da (LRA) ke aikatawa a yankin Gabas. FHAP kuma tana ba da tallafi na doka da na tunani ga waɗanda abin ya shafa.

Ta fuskanci matsaloli da kalubale da dama wajen tafiyar da FHAP,ciki har da tilastawa rufe ofishin Bangui,fashi da makami a gidanta da kuma karancin kudade na tsawon lokaci. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Vivienne tana zaune a Bangui,"kusa da danginta".

## Nassoshi
Rita Duffy

**Rita Duffy** (an Haifeta a shekara ta 1959)yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Arewacin Ireland,wacce aka bayyana a cikin 2005 a matsayin "manyan fasaha na lardin".Ta bayyana kanta a matsayin 'yar Republican,mai son zaman lafiya kuma mai son mata.

Ayyukanta dai galibi suna nuna al'amuran zamantakewa da siyasa kuma wasu ayyukanta suna cikin tarin dindindin na Gidan Tarihi na Fasahar Zamani na Irish da Gidan Tarihi na Yakin Imperial a London.

## Asalinta
An haifi Rita Duffy a Belfast a cikin 1959 ga dangin Katolika kuma ta girma a lokacin Matsalolin 1970s,a unguwar Furotesta na Stranmillis,Belfast.Lokacin da take koleji ta fi son yin aikin zamantakewa, zane-zane na alama,a lokacin hutunta,ta zauna a New York City tana zana hotunan titi.

## Aiki
Duffy ta bayyana kanta a matsayin 'yar Republican,mai kishin kasa, mai son zaman lafiya da kuma mata.  Ta yi amfani da ban tsoro,wayo da ban dariya don yin tambayoyi game da tarihin Irish da siyasa.Har ila yau, aikinta yana tasiri ta hanyar surrealism da gaskiyar sihiri. 

A cikin 2005, Duffy ta zo da hankali sosai game da shawararta ta jawo wani dutsen kankara daga Greenland zuwa Belfast,wanda ke wakiltar hanyoyin haɗin birnin zuwa RMS  kuma tana nuna rashin jin daɗi na siyasar Arewacin Ireland.A lokacin shekarar Derry a matsayin Birnin Al'adu na Burtaniya, Duffy ta gudanar da aikin "Shirt Factory Project",tana daukar mutane hudu.Aikin ya kasance sashin gallery,gidan kayan gargajiya da kantin sayar da sashi.A kan 24 Afrilu 2016,karni na Easter Rising don kawo karshen mulkin Birtaniya a Ireland,Duffy ta buɗe wani wasan kwaikwayo mai suna"The Souvenir Shop"a cikin gidan Georgian a Arewacin Great George's Street,Dublin.Nunin ya nemi bincika ainihin ɗan Irish.

Ana iya samun aikin Duffy a cikin manyan tarin jama'a da yawa,gami da Gidan Tarihi na Fasahar Zamani na Irish da Gidan Tarihi na Yakin Imperial a London.

Tana aiki daga ɗakin studio ɗinta da ke Ballyconnell,County Cavan,a cikin Jamhuriyar Irish kusa da kan iyaka da Ireland ta Arewa.

## Nassoshi
Awino Okech

**Awino Okech** wata jami'a ce ta Kenya,wacce ke zaune a Makarantar Gabas da Nazarin Afirka ta Jami'ar London (SOAS),inda "koyarwarta da sha'awar bincike ta ta'allaka ne tsakanin jinsi,jima'i da ayyukan al'umma/jihohi yayin da suke faruwa a cikin rikice-rikice da rikice-rikice. al'ummomin bayan rikici".Okech ya kuma koyar a Cibiyar Shugabancin Afirka,da ke King's College London,kuma memba ne a kwamitin ba da shawara na edita na *Afirka ta Feminist.*

## Rayuwar farko
Awino Okech ta girma a Kisumu Kenya,inda mahaifiyarta ta kasance malami. Okech yana da digiri na farko a fannin Kimiyyar Siyasa daga Jami'ar Nairobi,Kenya,sannan ya yi digiri na biyu da digiri na uku daga Cibiyar Nazarin Jinsi ta Afirka a Jami'ar Cape Town. 

## Sana'a
Okech ya koyar a Cibiyar Shugabanci na Afirka,wanda ke da tushe a Kwalejin King London, nda ta kasance mai haɗin gwiwar tsarin jagoranci na jinsi da al'umma, wanda ya kafa wani ɓangare na MSc a Tsaro, Jagoranci da Al'umma. 

IOkech yanzu yana dogara ne a Makarantar Gabas da Nazarin Afirka ta Jami'ar London (SOAS),a cikin Cibiyar Nazarin Jinsi,inda "koyarwarta da sha'awar bincike ta ta'allaka ne a cikin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin jinsi,jima'i da al'umma/jihar yin ayyukan yayin da suke faruwa.a cikin al'ummomin rikice-rikice da rikice-rikice".

Okech memba ne na kwamitin ba da shawara na edita na *Afirka Feminist*,wata jarida da aka yi bitar takwarorinsu daga Cibiyar Nazarin Jinsi ta Afirka,da ke Jami'ar Cape Town.  Okech memba ne daga cibiyar sadarwa ta tsaro na Afirka,malamai na Afirka da manufofin masu bayar da shawarwari sun mayar da martani kan gyaran bangaren tsaro.

## Wallafe-wallafen da aka zaɓa
Littattafan Okech sun haɗa da: 

* *Mata da Gudanar da Tsaro a Afirka*, ed. Funmi Olonisakin & Awino Okech. Oxford: Jaridar Pambazuka, 2011. 
* *Tsaron jinsi: Tsakanin ƙabilanci da yin tsarin mulki a Kenya* (2013) * *Ma'amala da Rikicin Asymmetrical: Darasi daga Kenya* (2015)
* *Damuwar iyaka da Kayayyakin Tashe-tashen hankula: Binciko Shaida na Somaliya a Post-Westgate Kenya* (mai zuwa)
* *Zanga-zangar da iko: Jinsi, Jiha da Al'umma a Afirka* (mai zuwa)

## Manazarta
Fatou Kine Camara

**Fatou Kine Camara**(an haife ta 29 Disamba 1964) ƴar ƙasar Senegal ce, kuma mai fafutukar yancin mata. Diyar wani majistare kuma ministar gwamnati,Camara tana da digirin digirgir a fannin shari'a kuma tana aiki a matsayin malami da bincike.Ta goyi bayan kamfen na yin garambawul a fannonin doka da yawa kuma tana da hannu musamman a ƙoƙarin ƙara samar da zubar da ciki da shawarwarin shari'a kyauta.

## Rayuwa
An haifi Camara a ranar 29 ga Disamba 1964 a Dakar.Mahaifinta,Ousmane Camara,ya kasance alkali ga hukumomin mulkin mallaka na Faransa.Ya kasance minista a gwamnatin shugaban kasar Senegal na farko,Léopold Sédar Senghor.Bayan murabus din Senghor a watan Disambar 1980,mahaifinta ya zama jakadan Senegal a Burtaniya kuma Camara ya hade da shi,inda ta kammala karatunta na sakandare a Landan.Ta karanta shari'a a Jami'ar Panthéon-Assas (Sorbonne Law School)a Paris kuma ta sami digiri na uku a cikin wannan fanni daga Jami'ar Cheikh Anta Diop da ke Dakar a 1988. Camara ita ce shugabar kungiyar lauyoyin mata ta Senegal.

Camara ya zama malami kuma mai bincike,yayin da yake fafutukar ganin an inganta mata da yara a Senegal.Ta shiga yakin neman kawo sauyi ga kundin tsarin mulki,dokar iyali,dokar zabe,da dokokin cin zarafin mata.Camara mai goyon bayan 'yancin zubar da ciki da kuma hukunta liwadi.   

Dokokin Senegal na zubar da ciki na daya daga cikin wadanda suka fi takurawa a Afirka,inda za a daure mata da aka yi wa tiyata har na tsawon shekaru 10 a gidan yari.  Domin zubar da ciki ya zama doka,dole ne likitoci uku su tabbatar da cewa matar za ta mutu idan ba haka ba.Kamar yadda kowace takaddun shaida ke kashe francs 10,000,matalauta suna da rauni.Camara yana son canza doka don dacewa da Yarjejeniya ta Maputo (Yarjejeniya ta Afirka kan Hakkokin Mata),wanda Senegal ta sanya hannu a 2004.  Wannan zai ba da damar zubar da ciki a lokuta na fyade,lalata,ko kuma inda lafiyar mace ke cikin haɗari. 

Camara kuma yana goyan bayan horar da shirin "parajuristes"(mambobin al'umma da ke da horo na shari'a)don yin aiki a matsayin abokin hulɗa na farko a cikin jayayya.Suna ba da shawarwarin shari'a kyauta ga waɗanda ba za su iya samun lauyoyi ba. 

## Kyauta
A shekara ta 2010,ta sami lambar yabo ta kare hakkin dan Adam na shekaru 50 na jubili na samun 'yancin kai na Afirka.

## Nassoshi
Fatima al-Samarqandi

**Fatima bint Muhammad bn Ahmad al-Samarqandi** (  ) malama ne kuma masanin fikihu a musulmi a karni na goma sha biyu.  

## Tarihin Rayuwa

### Rayuwar farko
An haifi Fatima Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Samarqandi, fitaccen malamin fikihun Hanafiyya wanda ya taka rawar gani wajen karatun 'yarsa. Ya rubuta littafin *[[Tuhfat al-Fuqaha']]* . 

### Aure da sana'a
Ta auri 'Ala' al-Din al-Kasani, dalibin mahaifinta kuma kwararre a fannin fiqhu . Sadakin Fatima shi ne littafin Al-Kasani, *Bada'i' al-Sana'i*' *(Mafi Al'ajabin Abubuwan Fa'ida)*, sharhin da ya rubuta a littafin mahaifinta, *[[Tuhfat al-Fuqaha']]* . Littafin ya burge mahaifinta, har ya karbe shi a matsayin sadakinta a madadin Ala bisa sarakunan da suka nemi a ba su auren ta kuma suka yi kari.  Lokacin da mijinta ya yi shakka kuma ya yi kuskure wajen bayar da fatawa, sai ta sanar da shi daidai hukuncin kuma ta bayyana dalilin kuskuren.  Duk da cewa al-Kasani ƙwararren masanin shari'a ne, Fatima ta gyara kuma ta sauya ra'ayinsa na shari'a. 

Fatima al-Samarqandi ta kasance mai ba da shawara ga Nur ad-Din, mashawarcin Saladin . 

### Gado
A cewar mai bincike Hoda Gamal, an girmama ta Saboda kafa al'adar buda baki da ta yi na malaman fiqhu maza . 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin Malaman Mata Musulmi
* List of Hanafiyya
* Jerin Ash'aris da Maturidisu

## Nassoshi
Sufurin Jirgin kasa a Burkina Faso

Akwai kilomita 622 na 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3 ⁄ 8 in) layin dogo na mita a Burkina Faso, wanda ya tashi daga Kaya zuwa kan iyaka da Cote d'Ivoire kuma yana cikin layin dogo na Abidjan-Ouagadougou. Tun daga watan Yunin shekara ta 2014, 'Sitarail' yana tafiyar da jirgin fasinja sau uku a mako akan hanyar Ouagadougou zuwa Abidjan.  Lokacin tafiya shine 43.

Burkina Faso ba ta da ruwa, amma hanyar jirgin kasa zuwa Abidjan na samar da hanyar jirgin kasa zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa. An sha ba da shawarar hanyoyin haɗi zuwa layin dogo a Ghana da tashar jiragen ruwa ta Takoradi.   

## Tashoshi

Garuruwan Burkina Faso na aikin layin dogo na kasar:

*  -  - border
*  Niangoloko
* Banfora
* Peni
* Bobo-Dioulasso
* Sala
* Koudougou
* Bingo
* Ouagadougou (national capital)
* Ziniaré (service suspended)
* Kaya terminus

### Ci gaba da gine-gine

* (na 3MTpa manganese - 2014)?
* Kaya (terminus) 
* Dori (kimanin 100&nbsp;kilomita daga Kaya zuwa Dori; bayyane akan Google Earth kwanan wata 15/2/07)
* Markoye
* Tambao (manganese),  kusa da iyakokin Nijar / Mali  

### An gabatar

* (1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1 ⁄ 2 in) standard gauge gauge) Navrongo Bolgatanga Border (Ghana-Burkina Faso) Dakola Pô Bagré Ouagadougou - national capital - junction - break of gauge

## Duba kuma

*  Railway stations in Burkina Faso
*  Railway stations in Ghana

## An gabatar

### 2011
A ranar 31 ga Nuwamba 2011, an rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar gina sabon layin dogo na kasa da kasa da ya hada kasashen Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso, Nijar da Benin.  Dubi AfirkaRail.

### 2014
Pan African Minerals don bunkasa aikin manganese na Tambao a kan kudi har dala biliyan 1. Mahakar manganese tana arewacin Burkina Faso, kusa da kan iyaka da Nijar da Mali, wanda ke dauke da watakila tan miliyan 100 na karafa (wanda ake amfani da shi wajen samar da karafa). "Aikin Tamboa wani aikin haɗin gwiwa ne tare da bangaren hakar ma'adinai da kuma abubuwan more rayuwa, musamman ta hanyoyi, layin dogo da tashar jiragen ruwa", in ji hamshakin attajirin nan na Romania, Frank Timis. "aikin zai faru nan da shekaru uku masu zuwa kuma zai bukaci zuba jarin kusan dala biliyan daya".  

### 2018
Ghana da Ivory Coast sun rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniya don bunkasa hanyar dogo.

Ghana da Burkina Faso sun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwa

## Taswirori

* Taswirar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (ba ya nuna layin dogo).
* Archived taswirar UNHCR a  

## Gallery

## Duba kuma

* Jirgin kasa a Ghana ; Kamfanin Railway Corporation na Ghana
* Tashoshin jirgin kasa a Nijar
* Tashoshin jirgin kasa a Ivory Coast
* Sufuri a Burkina Faso
* Haɗin Rail Yanki na Yammacin Afirka

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
Abiola Odejide

**Abiola Odejide** Farfesa ce a fannin Sadarwa da Fasahar Harshe a Jami'ar Ibadan . A baya ita ce mataimakiyar shugabar jami'ar kuma ita ce mace ta farko da ta samu irin wannan matsayin a jami'ar a shekaru 58. 

## Rayuwarta farko da ilimi
Odejide ta yi digirinta na farko a fannin Turanci, inda ta kammala digiri na biyu a Jami’ar Ibadan a shekara ta 1968. Daga nan ta wuce Jami'ar Leeds don samun digiri na biyu a fannin Linguistics da Koyarwar a Harshen Turanci, ta kammala da bambanci a shekara ta 1974. Ta kammala karatunta na digiri na uku akan adabin yara a Ibadan a shekara ta 1986. Ta zama cikakkiyar Farfesa a Jami'ar Ibadan a shekara ta 1991. 

## Labarai
A cikin labarinta na shekarar 2014 mai taken *"Menene mace za ta iya yi?"* *Ka’idojin jinsi a wata jami’ar Najeriya* da aka rubuta da *Feminist Africa*, Odejide ta bayyana cewa nuna bambancin jinsi wanda ya sabawa kundin tsarin mulkin jami’ar ya ci gaba da zama ruwan dare a makarantar. Ta bayyana tunanin da ke yiwa mata lakabi da masu rigima, marassa ilimin ilimi, marassa tunani da masu mugunta a matsayin alhakin dagewar irin wannan ra'ayi na rashin son kai, a matsayi na jinsi maza da mata. Ta kuma yi nuni da cewa, duk da bayyanar ilimi da al’ummar ilimi irin su Unibadan ke nunawa, mazauna cikinta har yanzu suna barin al’adun da ke nuna fifikon jinsinsu ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a harkokinsu. A nata shawarar, ta gabatar da wani shiri na kasuwanci wanda zai inganta wadatar mata. Ta kuma ba da shawara akan samar da ingantattun manufofi ta hanyar gudanar da  yadda za su inganta daidaiton jinsi. 

A cikin shekara ta 2017, Odejide ta ba da lacca a wani taro mai *taken: Me Mata Suke So, Me Mata zasu So?* . A cikin jawabin nata, ta shawarci gwamnatin Najeriya da ta dauki kwararan matakai don inganta daidaiton jinsi. Ta buga misali da shugabannin mata na duniya a matsayin misali na yadda Najeriya za ta inganta idan aka ba mata dama. Ta kuma yi Allah wadai da majalisar ministocin shugaban kasar da cewa mata ba su da kaso fiye da na magabata, inda ta bayyana cewa hakan na nuna rashin yarda da mata. 

## Matsayin gudanarwa
Odejide ita ce mace ta farko mataimakiyar shugabar gwamnati a jami'ar Ibadan .  Bugu da kari, ta taba rike mukamai daban-daban a jami'ar ciki har da darekta, Cibiyar Koyon bada tazara. Ta yi ritaya daga Unibadan a watan Nuwamba a shekara ta 2011 

## Nassoshi