Ranar Banɗaki A Duniya

**Ranar bandaki ta duniya** (WTD) rana ce ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a hukumance ranar 19 ga Nuwamba don karfafa matakan shawo kan matsalar tsaftar muhalli a duniya. A duk duniya, mutane biliyan 4.2 suna rayuwa ba tare da "tsaftataccen tsaftar muhalli ba" kuma kusan mutane miliyan 673 suna yin bayan gida a fili.: 74  Manufar ci gaba mai dorewa 6 na nufin "Tabbatar da samuwa da dorewar sarrafa ruwa da tsaftar muhalli ga kowa". Musamman ma, manufar 6.2 ita ce "Ƙarshen bayan gida da kuma samar da hanyoyin tsafta da tsafta". A lokacin da aka buga rahoton Dorewar Cigaban Ci Gaba na 2020, Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya António Guterres ya ce, "A yau, manufar ci gaba mai dorewa ta 6 ba ta da kyau" kuma "yana hana ci gaba a kan Ajandar 2030, tabbatar da hakkin dan Adam da kuma nasarar da aka samu. na zaman lafiya da tsaro a duniya".

Ranar bandaki ta duniya ta kasance tana ce don sanar da mutane dama dukkan mutanen duniya da kuma zaburar dasu da  ɗauki mataki don cimma wannan buri. Babban taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya ayyana ranar bandaki ta duniya a matsayin ranar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a hukumance a shekarar 2013, bayan da kasar Singapore ta gabatar da kudurin (kudirinsa na farko a gaban babban taron MDD na kasashe 193). Kafin wannan lokacin, Hukumar Kula da banɗaki  ta Duniya (wata kungiya mai zaman kanta ta Singapore) ce ta kafa ranar bandaki ta duniya ba bisa ka'ida ba a shekarar 2001.

UN-Water wata kungiya mai gudanar da bikin ranar bandaki ta duniya a hukumance. UN-Water tana kula da gidan yanar gizon ranar gidan wanka ta duniya kuma ta zaɓi jigo na musamman na kowace shekara. A cikin 2020 taken shine "Dorewar tsafta da canjin yanayi". A cikin 2019 taken shine 'Barin kowa a baya', wanda shine jigon jigon ci gaba mai dorewa. Jigogi a cikin shekarun da suka gabata sun haɗa da mafita na tushen yanayi, ruwan sha, bandaki da ayyukan yi, da bayan gida da abinci mai gina jiki. Ana bikin ranar bandaki ta duniya ta yakin sadarwa da sauran ayyuka. Ƙungiyoyin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa, ƙungiyoyin jama'a na gida da masu sa kai ne ke tsara abubuwan da suka faru don wayar da kan jama'a da zaburar da ayyuka

Bankunan wanka suna da mahimmanci saboda samun damar shiga bandaki mai aminci yana da tasiri mai kyau ga lafiyar jama'a, mutuncin ɗan adam, da amincin mutum, musamman ga mata. Tsabtace tsaftar da ba sa kula da ɓangarorin (najasa) lafiya ya ba da damar yaduwar cututtuka. Mummunan cututtuka da ake kamuwa da ƙasa da cututtuka na ruwa kamar su kwalara, zawo, typhoid, dysentery da schistosomiasis na iya haifar da su.

## Tattaunawa

A cikin 2013, UN-Water da "Yankin Farko na Farko (TPA) akan Ruwan Sha da Tsabtace Tsabtace" sun sami izini don sa ido kan ranar bandaki ta duniya kowace shekara. An kwatanta wannan umarni a cikin ƙudurin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya A/67/L.75 . 

A cikin tuntuba da Kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Ruwa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, wanda ya kunshi kungiyoyin mambobi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya-Water, UN-Water ta zabi taken bisa ga Rahoton Raya Ruwa na Duniya na waccan shekarar tare da samar da abubuwan da ke cikin yakin sadarwar Ranar bandaki ta Duniya.

UN-Water tana kula da gidan yanar gizo na Ranar bandaki ta Duniya wanda ke haɓaka mahimman batutuwa da labarai, samar da hanyoyin sadarwa da kamfen, da kuma sanar da abubuwan da suka faru da damar shiga.

Yaƙin neman zaɓe na ranar bandaki ta duniya gabaɗaya yana tattara ƙungiyoyin jama'a, ƙungiyoyin tunani, ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, masana ilimi, kamfanoni da sauran jama'a don shiga cikin kamfen ɗin kafofin watsa labarun da sadarwa masu alaƙa. A ƙarshe, manufar ita ce ƙarfafa ƙungiyoyi da gwamnatoci don tsara ayyuka da aiki a kan batutuwan tsafta don samun ci gaba akan Burin Ci Gaba mai Dorewa 6.

## Jigogi na shekara-shekara

Tun daga shekarar 2012, an zaɓi jigogin ranar bandaki ta duniya na kowace shekara kuma sun zama tushen kamfen ɗin sadarwa masu alaƙa. Tun daga shekara ta 2016, an yi amfani da jigon gabaɗaya na shekara-shekara don ranar Banɗaki ta Duniya da Ranar Ruwa ta Duniya, bisa ga Rahoton Ci gaban Ruwa na Duniya.

* 2012 - "Ina ba da shit, shin ku?" (slogan) 
* 2013 - Yawon shakatawa da ruwa
* 2014 - Daidaitawa da mutunci 
* 2015 - Wutar kwana da Abinci mai gina jiki
* 2016 - Wurin wanka da ayyuka 
* 2017 - Ruwa mai guba 
* 2018 - Magana ta hanyar yanayi (slogan: "Lokacin da Halitta ta kira") 
* 2019 - Ba tare da barin kowa a baya ba   - Yaƙin neman zaɓe ya jawo hankali ga waɗancan mutanen da ke "bar baya ba tare da tsabta ba da kuma sakamakon zamantakewa, tattalin arziki da muhalli na rashin aiki.   Wannan yana da alaƙa da Manufar Ci Gaban Ci gaba ta 6 wacce ke da burin kawar da zubar da ciki da kuma tabbatar da cewa "kowane mutum yana da damar samun sabis na tsabta mai ɗorewa a shekara ta 2030, yana mai da hankali ga bukatun mata da 'yan mata da waɗanda ke cikin mawuyacin hali".
* 2020 - Tsaro mai ɗorewa da Canjin yanayi 
* 2021 - Darajar bayan gida - WTO da Bill Gates dukansu sun yi imanin cewa idan za a iya ba da darajar ga sharar bayan gida, to za a samar da kudade don biyan duk wani tsaftacewa ciki har da riba ga 'yan kasuwa da ke sha'awar saka hannun jari a masana'antu masu alaƙa.
* 2022 - Ruwa na kasa da tsabta - yin abin da ba a ganuwa.

## Misalan ayyukan da abubuwan da suka faru

### Fara rahotanni
Wasu daga cikin kungiyoyi suna kaddamar da rahotanni masu alaƙa da bayan gida (ko masu alaƙa da tsabta) a Ranar banɗaki ta duniya. Misali:

* Haɗin gwiwar Hukumar Kula da Wuta (2017) "Tsarin Tattalin Arziki" 
* Ruwa da Tsaftar Tsafta don Talakawa Birane (WSUP) (2017) "Jagora don ƙarfafa yanayi don sarrafa sludge" 
* Ofishin Ma'aikata na Duniya (ILO) (2016) "WASH @ Aiki: Littafin koyar da kai 
* WHO, UNICEF da USAID (2015) "Haɓaka Sakamakon Gina Jiki tare da Ingantacciyar Ruwa, Tsaftar Tsafta da Tsafta: Magani Masu Aiki don Manufofi da Shirye-shirye"
*

### Abubuwan da suka faru

* 2019: Abubuwan da aka tsara don Ranar Gidan Wuta ta Duniya 2019 sun haɗa da misali wani taron bita a Amurka mai taken "Gudanar da Taki - Abin da Poop Zai Iya Koyar da Matasa!", Kayan fasaha a Ireland a ƙarƙashin taken "Yi Tunani Kafin Ka Shuke", da kuma "Toilets ga kowa da kowa". Gangamin a yankunan karkara" a Madhya Pradesh, Indiya. 
* 2018: Abubuwan da suka faru don Ranar Gidan Wuta ta Duniya a cikin 2018 sun haɗa da ayyuka daban-daban kamar 'hackathon' a Ghana don inganta hanyoyin samar da dijital, taron karawa juna sani da Injiniyoyi ba tare da Borders suka shirya ba a Denmark, nuni da tattaunawa na fim din Bollywood Toilet: Ek Prem Katha (a cikin Turanci – Toilet: Labarin Soyayya) a Kanada, da gasar zanen makaranta a Indiya. 
* 2017: Membobin Ƙungiyar Tsabtace Tsabtace (SuSanA) sun yi amfani da ƙuri'a a kusa da Ranar Gidan Wuta ta Duniya a 2017 don sabunta labaran Wikipedia kan batutuwan da suka shafi WASH. Wannan ya ba da gudummawa ga wayar da kan jama'a game da matsalar tsaftar muhalli. Takardun shirin "Follow the Flush," wanda aka fitar a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba, 2017, ya ilmantar da mutane game da abin da ke faruwa a ƙarƙashin titunan birnin New York bayan da mutum ya zubar da bayan gida a Manhattan. A ci gaba da zuwa Ranar Bankunan Duniya ta 2017, al'ummomin duniya sun taru don tsafta mai taken "Gudun Gaggawa". An gudanar da abubuwa sama da 63 a kasashe 42. Abubuwan da suka faru sun hada da wasannin nishadi, tafiye-tafiyen wayar da kan jama'a, shirye-shiryen tsaftace bayan gida, raye-raye da ma faretin babura. Kasashen da ke halartar taron sun hada da: Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, China, Congo-Brazzaville, France, Gambia, Jamus, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Italy, Kenya, Mongolia, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, Pakistan, Philippines, Senegal, Tanzania, Amurka da Vietnam.
*

## Tasirin

### Tasirin kafofin sada zumunta
Yaƙin neman zaɓe na ranar bandaki ta duniya da wallafe-wallafen da ke da alaƙa suna isa ga miliyoyin mutane ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarun, shafukan yanar gizon sadaukarwa da sauran tashoshi. 2017, maudu'in #WorldToiletDay yana da matsakaicin yuwuwar isa ga mutane sama da miliyan 750 akan shafukan sada zumunta. Ayyukan kan layi da marubuta kuma sun karu da 12% da 22% idan aka kwatanta da 2017, bi da bi.

## Tarihi

A ranar 19 ga Nuwamba, 2001, Jack Sim, mai ba da taimako daga Singapore ne ya kafa ƙungiyar masu zaman kansu ta Duniya (WTO). Daga baya ya ayyana ranar 19 ga Nuwamba a matsayin ranar bandaki ta duniya. An zabi sunan "Ranar bandaki ta duniya" ba "Ranar tsaftar muhalli ta duniya" ba don sauƙaƙan saƙon jama'a, duk da cewa bandaki mataki ne kawai na tsarin tsaftar muhalli.

Abubuwan da suka faru a Ranar bandaki ta Duniya da yaƙin neman zaɓe na wayar da kan jama'a suna ƙara wayar da kan jama'a game da fa'idodin tsaftar muhalli waɗanda suka haɗa da tsabtace ruwa, sarrafa ɓangarorin najasa, sarrafa shara na gari, sarrafa ruwan sama, tsafta, da wanke hannu. Har ila yau, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Manufofin Ci gaba mai dorewa sun yi kira ga fiye da bandaki kawai. Manufar 6 ta yi kira ga isassun tsafta, wanda ya haɗa da tsarin duka don tabbatar da cewa an sarrafa sharar gida lafiya.

WTO ta fara yunƙurin neman karɓuwa a duniya don ranar banɗaki ta duniya kuma, a cikin 2007, Ƙungiyar Tsabtace Tsabtace (SuSanA) ta fara ba da himma sosai ga ranar gidan wanka ta duniya. Ƙoƙarin da suke yi na tada hankali game da matsalar tsafta ya ƙarfafa a cikin 2010 lokacin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ayyana haƙƙin ɗan adam na ruwa da tsafta a hukumance.

A cikin 2013, wani yunƙuri na haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Gwamnatin Singapore da Hukumar Kula da Wuta ta Duniya ta haifar da ƙudirin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na farko a Singapore, mai suna "Sanitation for All". Kudirin ya bukaci daukar mataki na bai daya domin kawo karshen matsalar tsaftar muhalli a duniya. An ayyana ranar bandaki ta duniya a matsayin ranar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a hukumance a shekara ta 2013. Kasashe 122 ne suka amince da wannan kudiri a taro na 67 na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a birnin New York.

Manufofin ci gaba mai dorewa (SDGs) sun maye gurbin muradun karni (MDGs) a shekarar 2016. A ranar sharar bandaki ta duniya a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba 2015, Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Ban Ki-Moon ya bukaci daukar tsauraran matakai don sabunta kokarin samar da isasshiyar tsaftar muhalli ga kowa da kowa. . Ya tunatar da kowa game da "Kira don Aiki kan Tsaftar muhalli" wanda aka kaddamar a shekarar 2013, da kuma manufar kawo karshen bahaya a fili nan da shekarar 2025. Ya kuma ce: "Ta hanyar asusu da yawa, tsaftar muhalli ita ce manufa mafi akasarin ci gaban muradun karni".

Mataimakin Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Jan Eliasson, an karrama shi ne a ranar bankunan wanka ta duniya a shekarar 2016 a birnin New York saboda jajircewarsa na karya tsaftar muhalli: 23  Misali, ya isar da sakon bidiyo ga mahalarta taron hadin gwiwa na WaterAid da Unilever. taron a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai a Ranar Gidan Wuta ta Duniya 2014. A cikin 2016, UN-Water ta goyi bayan "A Toast for Toilets" a New York tare da Ofishin Jakadancin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Singapore.

## Tarihi

A duk duniya, mutane biliyan 4.2 suna rayuwa ba tare da “tsaftataccen tsaftar muhalli ba” kuma kusan mutane miliyan 673 a duk duniya suna yin bayan gida a fili. Mata sukan yi amfani da rufin duhu don ba su ƙarin sirri, amma sai su yi kasadar kai hari idan su kaɗai da dare..

An yi kiyasin cewa kashi 58 cikin 100 na masu fama da gudawa a duniya a shekarar 2015 na faruwa ne sakamakon rashin tsaftataccen ruwa, rashin tsafta da rashin tsafta, kamar rashin isasshen wanke hannu. Hakan ya janyo mutuwar yara ‘yan kasa da shekaru biyar rabin miliyan a kowace shekara. An yi kiyasin samar da tsaftar muhalli zai rage wa yara masu fama da gudawa da kashi 7-17%, da kuma mace-macen yara ‘yan kasa da shekaru biyar da kashi 5-20%.

Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (MDD) ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da Haƙƙin Ruwa da Tsaftar ruwa a matsayin haƙƙin ɗan adam a ranar 28 ga Yuli 2010. Rashin samun tsaftar muhalli (bankuna) yana da tasiri ga lafiyar jama'a, mutunci, da aminci. Yaduwar cututtuka da yawa (misali helminthiasis da ke kamuwa da ƙasa, gudawa, schistosomiasis) da kuma raguwar girma a cikin yara yana da alaƙa kai tsaye ga mutanen da ke kamuwa da najasar ɗan adam saboda bandakuna ko dai babu ko amfani da su.

Manyan Manufar Ci Gaba mai dorewa ta 6 tana da niyyar samar da tsabta ga kowa da kowa.

## Dubi kuma

* Bindeshwar Pathak wani majagaba na bayan gida
* Ranar Wutar Hannu ta Duniya
* Hakkin ɗan adam ga ruwa da tsabta
* Ranar Maza ta Duniya, kuma a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba
* Ranar Tsabtace Yanayi
* WASH
* Batutuwan ruwa a kasashe masu tasowa

## Bayanan da aka ambata