Premawathie Manamperi

Premawathi Manamperi (18 ga Janairu 1949 - 17 ga Afrilu 1971) mace ce daga Kataragama, Sri Lanka. An kama ta bisa zargin jagorantar wata ƙungiyar 'yan tawaye da ta tayar da hankalin ƙasar a shekarar 1971. A wannan shekarar, an miƙa ta ga sojoji inda aka azabtar da ita, wataƙila an yi mata fyaɗe kuma an yi mata faretin tsirara a kan tituna, aka kashe ta. Mutuwarta wani babban lamari ne a tarihin laifukan Sri Lanka.

## Tsohuwar Rayuwa
Manamperi ita ce babbar 'yar Hendrick Appuhamy, mai kula da Sashen Namun Daji a Devatagama, Kataragama. Tana da 'yan'uwa maza da mata goma. Ta yi jarrabawar Dharmacharya kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin malamar Dhamma a Makarantar Kataragama Dhamma.

A shekarar 1970, an naɗa Manamperi a matsayin Gimbiya ta Shekara a wani biki a Kataragama.

## Mutuwa
A ranar 5 ga Afrilu 1971, tawayen JVP ya fara. Kataragama cibiyar ayyukan 'yan tawaye ce. A ranar 16 ga Afrilu, Sufeto Udawate da 'yan sanda uku sun kama Manamperi a gidanta bisa zargin ƙungiyar 'yan tawaye.[6][7]

An azabtar da Manamperi a cikin dare, amma ba ta bayyana komai game da ayyukanta ba. Laftanar Wijesuriya ta sa Premawathi ta cire tufafinta ta yi tafiya a cikin gari tsirara yayin da shi da wani jami'i ke dukanta. An harbi Manamperi a gaban Otal ɗin Gunasiri (wanda yanzu shi ne Otal ɗin Matara). A cewar Gunasiri, mai otal ɗin, bayan an harbe shi, Manamperi har yanzu tana cikin hayyacinta kuma ta nemi ruwa daga gare shi. Duk da haka, jami'an sojoji sun tafi da ita suka yi shirin binne ta.[8]

An yi wa Aladdin jana'izar jana'izar. Da ta gane Aladdin, Manamperi ta cire 'yan kunnenta ta roƙe shi ya ba mahaifiyarta su. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan wani soja ya harbe ta a kai. Duk da cewa an sake harbinta, gawar da aka yi bayan an tono gawarta ta nuna cewa Manamperi tana da rai lokacin da ake binne ta.[9] An ambaci wannan a cikin cikakken bita da Dr. Ruwan M. Jayaratne ya tattara game da tawayen 1971.[10]

Tare da Manamperi, an kama wasu mata shida, kuma an tsare su duka a Pilgrim's Rest of S.L.T.B Kataragama.[8]

## Cece-Cece
Akwai cece-kuce da dama da suka shafi mutuwar Manamperi. An kama ta ne bisa zargin cewa ita 'yar tawayen JVP ce, yayin da shaidu da dama suka bayyana cewa ba ta da wata alaka kai tsaye da JVP. A Makarantar Kataragama Dhamma, inda Manamperi ke aiki a matsayin Malamin Dhamma, ana zargin cewa JVP tana gudanar da shirin 'Panthi Paha'[11] wanda ke ɗaukar mambobi da kuma shirya su don tayar da zaune tsaye. Ta hanyar amfani da wannan a matsayin hujja, jami'in 'yan sanda na Kataragama (OIC), Sufeto Janar (SI) Jayasiri Udawate ya ɗauki fansa kan Manamperi ta hanyar kama ta saboda ta ƙi amincewa da ci gaba da sha'awarsa a lokutan baya. Lokacin da aka naɗa ta a matsayin sarauniyar kyau ta Kataragama a shekarar 1970, ya haɗu da ita a kan dandamali kuma daga baya ya nuna sha'awarsa a gare ta wanda ta ƙi amincewa akai-akai.[9]

Lokacin da 'yan tawayen JVP suka kai wa 'yan sandan Kataragama hari, an tura sojoji don shawo kan lamarin. An naɗa Kanar Derrick Nugawela a matsayin Kwamandan Soja na Gundumar Hambantota a ranar 11 ga Afrilu 1971. Sojojin sun kafa sansaninsu a Gidan Hutu na Mahajjata. Tun lokacin da aka kai hari a ofishin 'yan sanda, SI Udawatta da sauran jami'an 'yan sanda suma sun ci gaba da zama a sansanin.[9]

A ranar 16 ga Afrilu, an kama Manamperi da wasu mata kaɗan bisa zargin cewa 'yan tawayen JVP ne ta hannun SI Wijesuriya da wasu jami'ai kaɗan. An kai su sansanin da aka ambata a sama. Rahotanni sun ce an azabtar da ita tsawon dare[11] saboda ta musanta cewa tana da alaƙa da JVP wanda ya sa Lt. Wijesuriya, jami'in sa kai, ta fusata. Wannan ya haifar da mutuwarta mai ban tsoro. Duk da cewa an yanke wa Laftanar Wijesuriya da wani jami'i hukunci kan yunkurin kisan kai, babu abin da aka yi don kama SI Wijesuriya wanda ya yi mata fyade ba bisa ka'ida ba.[9]

Ko da yake an yi wa Manamperi tsirara kuma an wulakanta ta yana nuna cewa wataƙila an yi mata fyade, babu wani bincike da aka gudanar game da shi kuma ba a kama kowa ba. Duk da cewa akwai shaida cewa SI Wijesuriya tana da muhimmiyar rawa da za ta taka a kama ta ba bisa ka'ida ba, babu wani bincike da aka gudanar a kansa. Bugu da ƙari, bincike ya nuna cewa waɗannan jami'an sojoji sun kasa kama duk wani ɗan tawayen JVP na gaske, sai dai Manamperi da sauran 'yan matan da aka tabbatar ba su da laifi. [10]

## Bayan haka
An tono gawar Manamperi a ranar 24 ga Mayu 1971 kuma an gudanar da bincike. Daga baya Alkalin Kotun Hambantota ya tura shari'ar zuwa Kotun Laifuka ta Galle. Alkalin Kotun Koli D.Q.M. Sirimanne ne ya saurari shari'ar.[5] An gurfanar da waɗanda ake zargi da kisan, Laftanar Alfred Wijesuriya da Amaradasa Ratnayake, wani memba na rundunar sa kai a gaban shari'a. An same shi da laifin yunkurin kisan kai a ranar 17 ga Afrilu, 1971, ta hanyar harbinta da bindiga mai sarrafa kanta. An yanke wa wadanda ake zargi biyu hukuncin daurin shekaru 16 a gidan yari a shekarar 1973.[7] Wijesuriya ta mutu sakamakon bugun zuciya shekara guda bayan haka a gidan yari. A shekarar 1988, an kashe Ratnayake a gidansa da ke Devinuwara ta hanyar tya yi zargin cewa JVP ta kai hari ga ƙungiyar Matara a matsayin hukunci saboda kisan Premawathi.[5]

## Tunawa
A shekarar 1979, an gina wani abin tunawa a Kataragama don tunawa da mutuwarta wanda ke nuna abubuwan da suka faru daban-daban na rayuwarta da mutuwarta mara tausayi. An gina wannan wurin ibada a matsayin abin girmamawa a gare ta domin mahajjatan da suka ziyarci Kataragama za su iya kashe ƙishirwarsu ta hanyar shan ruwa daga tukunyar yumbu da aka daura mata. Duk da haka, daga baya an lalata abin tunawa kuma yanzu ana kyautata zaton an lalata shi.[12]

Mawaƙi kuma marubuci ɗan ƙasar Sri Lanka, Anton Jones (3 Yuni 1937 - 21 Fabrairu 2016) wanda waƙoƙinsa suka dogara ne akan abubuwan da suka faru na gaske kamar 'Rukmani Devi'[13] (shahararriyar jarumar fina-finan Sri Lanka kuma mawaƙi), 'Maru-Sira'[14](rasuwar wani fursuna da ke jiran mutuwa) ya rubuta waƙa bisa ga mutuwar Manamperi. Sunan waƙar shine 'Premawathi Manamperi Tharuniya'.[15]

Bugu da ƙari, an ɗauki wani fim mai suna 'Nahi Werena Verani' bisa ga kisan gillar Manamperi da aka yi masa. Darakta Dharmasiri Wickremaratne ya yi amfani da rikodin farko na shari'o'in don ƙirƙirar layin labarin fim ɗin. Sangeetha Weeraratne ne ya ɗauki nauyin Premawathi, yayin da Sanath Gunathilake ya taka rawar babban jami'in soja Laftanar Wijesuriya. Jarumin soja Joe Abeywickrema ne ya taka rawar Janar na Soja a fim ɗin.[16]

Ko da yake ba a ambaci suna ba, an yi nuni ga Manamperi a cikin wanda ya lashe kyautar Booker, The Seven Moons of Maali Almeida ta 2022 wanda marubuciyar Sri Lanka Shehan Karunatilaka ta yi a matsayin Miss Kataragama 1970 da kuma Sarauniyar Kyau Mai Tsarkaka.

## Zaɓen 1977
Kisan da aka yi mata ya jawo hankalin ƙasa kuma ya zama batu a zaɓen 1977. Ɗan takarar UNP J. R. Jayewardene ya tattauna harin dalla-dalla kuma ya yi Allah wadai da yadda Sirimavo Bandaranaike ya tafiyar da laifin don ɓata wa abokin hamayyarsa suna.

## Kara karantawa
Adalci A.C. Alles (1979). Tawaye – 1971: Labarin Tawayen Afrilu a Sri Lanka (Buga na uku). Kamfanin Magungunan Colombo. Colombo.

Gunaratna, Rohan (1990). Sri Lanka - Juyin Juya Halin da Ya Rasa? Labarin Ciki na JVP. Cibiyar Nazarin Asali. .

## Duba kuma
Rex De Costa

## Manazarta