Patricia A. Goldman

**Patricia Ann Goldman** (Maris 22, 1942 - Yuli 26, 2023) wata jami'ar jama'a ta Amurka ce kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata. Ta yi aiki a Hukumar Kula da Sufuri ta Kasa (NTSB) daga 1979 zuwa 1988, mafi yawan lokacin a matsayin mataimakiyar shugaba.

Tsohuwar Kwalejin Goucher, Goldman ta fara aikinta a 1964 a matsayin mataimakiyar majalisa akan Capitol Hill . Ta yi aiki da ƙungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban, inda ta jagoranci rukunin Laraba (ƙungiyar ' yan Republican masu sassaucin ra'ayi a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka ) kuma ta jagoranci Kwamitin Mata na Jam'iyyar Republican na Kwamitin Siyasa na Mata na Kasa . Shugaba Jimmy Carter ya nada ta a NTSB a 1979 kuma Ronald Reagan ya sake nada ta a 1984.

A cikin 1988, Goldman ya shiga kamfanoni masu zaman kansu a matsayin babban mataimakin shugaban kasa na USAir . Daga baya ta zama shugabar WISH List da Ƙungiyar Ciwon daji ta Ovarian National Alliance, wadda ta kafa kuma ta yi aiki a cikin hukumar Chautauqua Foundation .

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Patricia Goldman a Newton, New Jersey, ranar 22 ga Maris, 1942, ga Yakubu J. Goldman, likitan hakora, da Miriam L. ( née Cassiday) Goldman, tsohuwar ma'aikaciyar jinya da mai gida.   Mahaifiyarta Katolika ce kuma mahaifinta Bayahude ; ta taso ne na Katolika, kuma daga baya ta koma addinin Yahudanci .  Ta sauke karatu daga Kwalejin Goucher, kwalejin fasaha ta mata a Towson, Maryland, tare da digiri na farko a fannin tattalin arziki a 1964.  

## Sana'a

### Siyasar kasa
Goldman ta fara aiki a Washington, DC, a matsayin mataimakiyar bincike ga Kwamitin Hadin gwiwar Tattalin Arziki na Majalisar Dokokin Amurka a lokacin babbar shekararta a Goucher a 1964.   Ta isa babban birnin a matsayin mai zaman kanta amma ba da daɗewa ba ta shiga Jam'iyyar Republican .   Ko da yake ta yi shirin yin shekara guda a can, daga baya ta yi dariya, "Ina tsammanin za ku iya cewa na kamu da zazzabin Potomac ."   Daga 1965 zuwa 1966, ta kasance mataimakiyar majalisa ga wani karamin kwamiti na Majalisar Dokokin Amurka da ke mayar da hankali kan yaki da talauci (wani bangare na Kwamitin Ilimi da Ma'aikata ), wanda Wakili Albert Quie ya yi hayar a matsayin ma'aikacin 'yan tsirarun Republican.   

Goldman ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara na bincike ga Cibiyar Kasuwancin Amurka a 1966 sannan ya jagoranci talauci da shirye-shiryen ma'aikata don ƙungiyar masu fafutuka daga 1967 zuwa 1971 a lokacin tarzomar birane .    Ta ba da shawarwari na doka ga Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Ƙasa da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Amurka a 1971 da 1972.  Ta kuma rubuta mai zaman kanta ga mujallar siyasa *ta National Journal* a 1972. 

Ta rike mukaman koyarwa a matsayin abokiyar zama a Cibiyar Siyasa a Makarantar Harvard Kennedy ; malami a Cibiyar Brookings ; da farfesa mai ziyara tare da gidauniyar Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation, wanda ya aika da ita a kan ziyarar laccoci a jami'o'i a fadin kasar.   

### Tsaron sufuri
Goldman ya kasance memba na Hukumar Kula da Sufuri ta Kasa (NTSB), wata hukumar tarayya mai zaman kanta, kusan shekaru tara. Dangane da shawarar Wakilin Barbara Mikulski da sauransu,  Shugaba Jimmy Carter, ɗan Democrat, ya zaɓe ta ga buɗaɗɗen kujerar Republican a hukumar a ranar 16 ga Maris, 1979,  don maye gurbin Philip Hogue.  Kafin amincewarta Majalisar Dattijai, a wata ganawa da mai ba da shawara a Fadar White House Robert Lipshutz, ta yi alkawarin kawar da kanta daga matsalolin da suka shafi sha'awar mijinta, tsohon Sanata Charles Goodell, wanda ya tuntubi jirgin saman na Concorde supersonic kuma ya mallaki man fetur da dogo.  Ba ta da ilimin fasaha na farko amma kwararrun ma'aikata sun horar da ta kan aikin.  

Shugaba Ronald Reagan, dan Republican, mai suna Goldman mataimakin shugaban hukumar a ranar 17 ga Afrilu, 1982;  ya sake nada ta a hukumar a ranar 21 ga Maris, 1984;  kuma ta sake sunan mataimakinta a ranar 5 ga Yuni, 1986.  Yayin da wasu a cikin Jam'iyyar Republican suna ganin ta mai sassaucin ra'ayi,  Ƙungiyar Pilots na Air Line ta amince da sake nadin ta.  Ta yi aiki a matsayin kujera mai rikon kwarya a lokacin da ba a samu ba a lokacin Jim Burnett daga Mayu zuwa Agusta 1986.  A matsayin mataimakiyar kujera da kujera, ita da Burnett sun ɗauki makonni daban-daban suna aiki a matsayin ƙungiyar Goungiyar Tafiya ta NTSB, waɗanda suka bincika manyan hatsarori.  Ana yawan ambaton ta a kafafen yada labarai a matsayin daya daga cikin "masu bincike na farko a wurin".  Fitattun abubuwan da Goldman ya bincika sun haɗa da rugujewar 1980 na Sunshine Skyway Bridge a Tampa, 1982 hadurran jirgin saman Jirgin Sama na Duniya na 30 a Boston da Pan Am Flight 759 a New Orleans, da kuma 1984 derailment na Amtrak's  a Vermont. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Goldman ita ce matar ta biyu na Charles Ellsworth Goodell, tsohon dan majalisar dattawan Republican daga New York; sun yi aure tun ranar 1 ga Yuli, 1978, har zuwa rasuwarsa ranar 21 ga Janairu, 1987.  

Goldman ya auri Stephen Kurzman, lauya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Sakataren Shari'a a karkashin Elliot Richardson a Sashen Lafiya, Ilimi, da Jin Dadin gwamnatin Nixon, a ranar 20 ga Mayu, 1990; sun hadu a cikin 1960s, lokacin da ya yi aiki a Majalisar Dokokin Amurka, a matsayin ma'aikacin Sanata Jacob Javits .   Tun daga cikin 1970s, ta ciyar da wani ɓangare na kowane lokacin rani a Cibiyar Chautauqua a Chautauqua, New York .  

## Mutuwa
Goldman ya mutu sakamakon ciwon huhu a Washington, DC, a ranar 26 ga Yuli, 2023, yana da shekaru 81. 

## Manazarta