Karen Vousden

**Karen Heather Vousden** (an haife ta a ranar 19 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1957)  ita ce mai binciken likitancin Burtaniya. An san ta da aikinta a kan furotin mai hana kumburi, p53, kuma musamman bincikenta na muhimmiyar rawar da Mdm2 ke takawa, kyakkyawar manufa ga masu yaki da cutar kansa. Daga 2003 zuwa 2016, ta kasance darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Ciwon daji ta Burtaniya Beatson a Glasgow, Burtaniya, ta koma London a 2016 don ɗaukar matsayin Babban Masanin Kimiyya a CRUK da Jagoran Kungiyar a Cibiyar Francis Crick.

## Ayyuka
Matsayin Binciken postdoctoral na Vousden na farko ya kasance tare da Chris Marshall  a Cibiyar Nazarin Ciwon daji, London, Burtaniya (1981-85) da Douglas Lowy  a Cibiyar Ciwon daji ta Kasa, Bethesda, Amurka (1985-87). 

Daga 2003 zuwa 2016, ta kasance darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Ciwon daji ta Burtaniya Beatson a Glasgow, Burtaniya, inda ta kula da fadada fam miliyan 15. Ta kuma jagoranci ƙungiyar bincike ta Tumour Suppression ta cibiyar. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin juri na Life Sciences don Kyautar Infosys a shekarar 2014.&nbsp;

Tun daga shekara ta 2016, ta koma London don ɗaukar matsayin Babban Masanin Kimiyya na CRUK da Shugaban Kungiyar a Cibiyar Francis Crick .  A shekara ta 2018, an zabe ta a matsayin abokiyar kasashen waje ta Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa .

## Bincike

### Kwayoyin cutar papillomavirus na mutum
Ayyukan farko na Vousden sun mayar da hankali kan ilmin halitta na Kwayoyin halitta mutum (HPVs), waɗanda ke da alaƙa da Ciwon daji na mahaifa. Tare da Douglas Lowy da sauransu, ta nuna takamaiman oncoproteins na kwayar cuta da ake buƙata ta hanyar HPV-16 don Kwayoyin epithelial. Ta kuma kasance wani ɓangare na rukuni wanda ya nuna cewa E6, ɗaya daga cikin oncoproteins na HPV-16, yana ɗaurewa da furotin mai hana kumburi na mutum p53 in vivo, wanda ke haifar da lalacewa.

### furotin mai hanawa na p53
Binciken Vousden na baya-bayan nan ya mayar da hankali kan p53,  kwayar halitta wacce ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen hana ci gaban ciwon daji ta hanyar haifar da ƙwayoyin da ke fama da damuwa, kamar lalacewar DNA, don kashe kansa ta hanyar tsarin apoptosis. Ayyukanta suna da mahimmanci wajen tsara tsarin wannan tsari. Tare da Katsunori Nakano, ta gano wani muhimmin bangare a cikin hanyar apoptosis wanda p53 ya haifar, furotin PUMA (P53 Upregulated Modulator of Apoptosis).  

Don hana a kunna shi ba daidai ba, ana sarrafa p53 sosai a cikin tantanin halitta na al'ada. Vousden ya gano cewa wani muhimmin abu a cikin wannan tsari shine furotin Mdm2. Tare da Allan Weissman da sauransu, ta nuna cewa Mdm2 wani ubiquitin ligase ne wanda ke da niyyar p53 don lalacewa ta proteasome, don haka tabbatar da matakan furotin ya kasance ƙasa lokacin da tantanin halitta ba ya cikin damuwa.

Sake kunna p53 na iya hana ci gaban wasu ciwon daji, yana mai da Mdm2 manufa mai kyau don maganin cutar kansa. Kamar yadda Mdm2 ke da niyya ne kawai ga ƙananan sunadarai don hallaka, mai hanawa na iya samun sakamako kaɗan.[1] Babban abin da Vousden ya mayar da hankali ga aikin kwanan nan shine binciken tsarin Mdm2 da neman kwayoyin da ke hana shi; wani rukuni na ƙananan kwayoyin (wanda aka gano tare da hadin gwiwar Sashen Chemistry a Jami'ar Glasgow) kwanan nan sun nuna alkawari a cikin nazarin al'adun sel.[1][2] Masu bincike a Hoffmann-La Roche da Cibiyar Karolinska sun kuma gano masu hana Mdm2.[1]

p53 kuma na iya taimakawa wajen hana ko gyara ƙananan lalacewar kwayar halitta a ƙarƙashin yanayin ƙarancin damuwa. Kungiyar Vousden kwanan nan ta gano wani sabon furotin mai sarrafa p53, TIGAR (T-p53 Inducible Glycolysis da Apoptosis Regulator), wanda zai iya rage damuwa a cikin sel kuma yana iya yin sulhu da wani ɓangare na wannan tasirin p53.

## Manazarta