Gino Casassa

**Gino Casassa Rogazinski** (an haife shi Afrilu 23, 1958, Recoleta ) masanin glaciologist ne na Chile, yana aiki a matsayin darektan Cibiyar Antarctic ta Chile (INACH) tun daga 2024. Ya yi karatun injiniyan hydraulic na jama'a a Jami'ar Chile (1984), ya kammala digiri na biyu a geophysics / glaciology a Jami'ar Jami'ar Japan a Kimiyyar Kimiyya ta Jami'ar Japan a Hokkaido. (Amurka).  Yana da alaƙa da Jami'ar Magallanes . Ya kuma tabbatar da cewa karuwar zafin duniya ya faru ne saboda ayyukan dan Adam. 

## Tarihin rayuwa
Mahaifinsa fursuna ne na yaki na Italiya kuma memba ne na sojojin Alpine, kuma mahaifiyarsa, wata mace ce ta Jamus wacce ta tsere wa tsanantawar Yahudawa zuwa China. Tun yana ƙarami, yana da sha'awar hawa duwatsu kuma ya sadu da masanin ilimin kankara Cedomir Marangunic, wanda kuma ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Jihar Ohio. Tare da wasu masana kimiyya dubu biyu, ya raba Kyautar Nobel ta Zaman Lafiya, uku daga cikinsu su ma 'yan Chile ne waɗanda suka yi aiki a IPCC a ƙarƙashin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.

## Ayyuka

Ya gudanar da bincike a Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya  (CECS),  inda, tsakanin 2002 da 2012, ya yi aiki a sashin Glaciology da Canjin Yanayi. Bugu da kari, ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin darektan Kwamitin Kimiyya na Yanayi da aikin Cryosphere (a karkashin Shirin Binciken Yanayi na Duniya), tare da Kwamitin Kimiiki kan Binciken Antarctic, kuma ya kasance mataimakin shugaban Ƙungiyar Kimiyya ta Duniya. Ya sami Guggenheim Fellowship .

Ya kasance memba na Kwamitin Gwamnati kan Canjin Yanayi (IPCC) na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya  wanda aka amince da shi da Kyautar Zaman Lafiya ta Nobel a 2007 saboda gudummawar da ya bayar wajen yada ka'idar canjin yanayi na ɗan adam. A layi daya, ya jagoranci kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga ayyukan ƙasa da na duniya da suka shafi binciken kankara da kimanta tasirin muhalli, inganta kirkire-kirkire da ci gaban fasaha a cikin kimiyyar ƙasa.

Tun daga 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara mai zaman kansa da kuma manajan aikin a Geoestudios Asesores Ltda .  (mallaka ne daga Cedomir Marangunic), yayin da yake aiki a matsayin mataimakin farfesa a Jami'ar Magallanes .  Daga 2018 zuwa 2022, ya kasance shugaban Glaciology da Snow Unit a Dirección General de Aguas, kuma a baya ya inganta shirye-shiryen ilimi a matsayin co-kafa dakin gwaje-gwaje na glaciology da shirye-shirye na Antarctic a Jami'ar Magallanes.

Ya wallafa littattafai sama da 100 na kimiyya game da geophysics na kankara, hanyoyin dusar ƙanƙara, da tarkace, kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga kamfen ɗin wayar da kan jama'a game da muhimmancin Antarctica ga manufofin kasashen waje na Chile. Bayan ya zama darektan INACH, ya bayyana jajircewarsa na karfafa Shirin Kimiyya na Antarctic na Kasa da kuma shiga Chile a cikin Tsarin Yarjejeniyar Antarctic. 

## Hawan dutse

* Fabrairu 21, 1980 da karfe 10:00 na safe - Dutsen Fitz Roy a kan iyakar Chile da Argentina. A shekara 21, yayin da yake karatun injiniya kuma yana aiki a matsayin malami ga Tarayyar Andinism ta Chile, tare da Walter Bertsch, ɗan Austriya mai shekaru 19 da ke horo a matsayin Jagoran Alpine a Kungiyar Alpine ta Austrian, sun kai taron ta hanyar hanyar Col Americano. Alejandro Izquierdo, dalibi ne na Chile, ya kai mita 2,800.  Shi ne karo na farko na Chile da ya hau dutsen.

* 1983 - Changtse, Tibet, China - Hawan na gaba, kuma hawan kansa na farko. A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu ta hanyar hanyar da masu hawan dutse na Jamus ke amfani da ita.

## Bincike

A cewar Casassa, kankara na Patagonian na iya komawa baya, wanda zai iya nuna ko dai yanayin yanayi da yanayin ƙasa da aka bayyana ta hanyar Milankovitch ko dumamar duniya. A cikin 2024, wani bincike kan filayen kankara na Patagonian wanda Casassa ya shiga ya tabbatar da cewa gadon kankara ya zurfafa har zuwa kusan kilomita 20 a cikin ƙasa, mai yiwuwa ya sa ya zama mai saukin koma baya a nan gaba.

Bugu da ƙari, game da Gran Campo Nevado, binciken da ya shafi Casassa ya nuna cewa wasu daga cikin ƙanƙarar ƙanƙara sun rasa sama da 20% na jimlar yankinsu a wannan lokacin, tare da asarar yankin ƙanƙanta a kusan 2.4% a kowace shekara goma daga 1942 zuwa 2002.

Ya kuma ambaci cewa manyan rikice-rikicen muhalli na iya haɗawa da gobarar daji, ambaliyar ruwa, guguwa, barkewar kwari, wuce gona da iri, girgizar ƙasa, nau'ikan fashewar dutse, tsunami, firestorms, Tasirin meteorite, Canjin yanayi da tasirin lalacewar ayyukan ɗan adam (rashin hankali na ɗan adam) kamar raguwar mazaunin, yawan katako, Yawan kamun kifi, yawan amfani da agrochemicals, gurɓataccen abubuwa masu rediyo ko ƙarfe mai nauyi, da gabatar da nau'in mamaye.

Ya shiga cikin Congreso Futuro  tare da taken "Glaciers, ƙalubalen tsira a duniyar da aka damu".

A lokacin rani na Australiya na 2004-2005, ya shiga cikin binciken kimiyya na Chile zuwa Kudancin Pole, da kuma Operación Estrella Polar III a lokacin rani na 2024-2025. Cibiyar Antarctic ta Chile ta tattara samfurori na kankara a yankin don bincika matakan gurɓataccen yanayi, kuma Casassa ta kasance wani ɓangare na balaguron  tare da shugaban kasa Chile Gabriel Boric, wanda ya zama shugaban farko a tarihi don ziyartar Kudancin Pole,  kuma shugaban na uku gaba ɗaya (ciki har da shugabannin gwamnati) a duk duniya. 

## Manazarta