Burin Ci Gaba Mai Dorewa da Nijeriya

**Manufofin Ci gaba da Najeriya** game da yadda Najeriya ke aiwatar da Manufofin Ci gaba mai dorewa a cikin jihohi talatin da shida da Babban Birnin Tarayya (FCT). Manufofin Ci Gaban Ci gaba mai dorewa (SDGs) sun gunshi manufofi goma sha bakwai na duniya wadanda aka tsara a matsayin "blueprint don cimma kyakkyawar makomar da ta fi dorewa ga kowa". Kowane kayan burin 17 ana sa ran za a cimma shi nan da shekarar 2030 a kowace kasa a duniya.

Najeriya tana ɗaya daga cikin kasashen da suka gabatar da Binciken Kasa na Voluntary (VNR) a cikin shekarar 2017 da 2020 kan aiwatar da SDGs a Babban Taron Siyasa na Ci gaba mai dorewa (HLPF). A cikin 2020, Najeriya ta kasance 160 a cikin SDG Index na duniya na 2020. Gwamnati ta tabbatar da cewa abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci a ci gaban Najeriya a yanzu da manufofi suna mai da hankali kan cimma SDGs. 

Ƙungiyar Matasan SDGs ta Legas wani muhimmin shiri ne na SDGs a Najeriya wanda ke da niyyar inganta sa hannun matasa wajen cimma 2030 Agenda da tallafawa dabarun ci gaba mai ɗorewa na jihar Legas.

## Tarihi

Najeriya ta zama memba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UN) a ranar 7 ga Oktoba 1960. Najeriya ita ce kasa mafi yawan jama'a a Afirka kuma tana da na bakwai mafi yawan jamaʼa a duniya.  Najeriya ta sami 'yancin kai a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1960. A cikin 2012, Najeriya ta ba da gudummawa ta biyar mafi yawan masu kiyaye zaman lafiya ga ayyukan kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.

SDGs ko Project 2030 kira ne na duniya don kawo karshen talauci, tabbatar da duniya da kuma tabbatar da cewa kowa yana jin dadin zaman lafiya da wadata nan dshekarar a 2030. Kasashe 193 ne suka karbe shi tare da Najeriya a matsayin daya daga cikin mambobinta na kasar. SDGs saiti ne na manufofi goma sha bakwai da suka hada kai wadanda ke da manufofi tare da akalla daya ko biyu a kan kowane manufa. An fara aiwatar da "Manufar Duniya" ga kowa a watan Janairun 2015. Manufofinta sune tabbatar da hada-hadar zamantakewa, kare muhalli da inganta ci gaban tattalin arziki. Gwamnatoci, kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, bincike, ilimi da kungiyoyin farar hula (CSOs) suna karbar tallafi daga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya yayin da SDGs ke karfafa hadin gwiwa. Yana kuma tabbatar da zabin da ya dace ana karba yanzu don inganta rayuwa ga tsararraki masu zuwa ta hanyar da ta dace. SDGs sune tsare-tsare don duniya ta fuskanci zaman lafiya da wadata a cikakke nan da shekara ta 2030.￼

Dangane da yarjejeniya tsakanin gwamnatin Najeriya da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, tana da niyyar daidaita abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci a ci gabanta tare da hadin gwiwa tare da CSOs da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu don cimma SDGs tare. An tsara Agenda shekarar 2030 don gina duniya mai dorewa a kusa da P guda biyar, wato; Mutane, Duniyar, Ci gaba, Zaman Lafiya, da Hadin gwiwa, wadanda suka mamaye SDGs 17. A cikin 2017, Najeriya ta kasance daga cikin kasashe 44 na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don gabatar da Binciken Kasa na son rai (VNR) kan aiwatar da Agenda na 2030 da SDGs a Babban Taron Siyasa kan Ci Gaban Ci gaba (HLPF). Gwamnati, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, da cibiyoyin ilimi suna aiki don cimma wadannan manufofi a Najeriya.

## Ci gaba a kan zababbun SDGs

### Manufar 3 - Lafiya da Lafiya mai kyau
A cewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, akalla mutane miliyan 400 a Najeriya ba su da damar samun kiwon lafiya na asali kuma kashi 40% ba su da kariya ta zamantakewa. Manufofin Ci Gaban Ci gaba na Ci gaba suna da niyyar rage cututtukan da aka yi watsi da su, cutar kanjamau, hepatitis, cututtukun da ke dauke da ruwa da sauran cututtukani masu yaduwa. An ƙaddamar da Shirin Tattalin Arziki da Ci gaban Najeriya don daidaita SDGs tare da burin 2030. Daga cikin burin shine rage yawan mace-mace zuwa 70/100,000 haihuwa masu rai.

### Manufar 4 - Ilimi
A cikin shekarar 2016, Hukumar Ilimi ta Kasa da Kasa ta Najeriya (UBEC) ta ba da rahoton cewa tana da mafi yawan yara marasa makaranta a duniya, kimanin miliyan 10.5. Saboda haka, aiwatar da tanadin Hukumar Ilimi ta Kasa ta Duniya don Ilimi na Kasa kyauta ga kowane yaro na Najeriya na shekarun zuwa makaranta.

### Manufar 5 - Daidaita Jima'i
A shekara ta 2000, Najeriya ta sanya dokar manufofin kasa kan mata wanda ke jagorantar kayan aiki na duniya na Yarjejeniyar kan kawar da duk wani nau'i na nuna bambanci ga mata (CEDAW). A cikin shekara ta 2015, wani rahoto na Ofishin Kididdiga na Kasa ya nuna ci gaba a samun damar 'yan mata zuwa ilimi, tare da yin rajista ga mata a makarantun firamare da sakandare ya karu daga 46.7% da 47.1% a cikin 2010 zuwa 48.3% da 47.9% bi da bi a cikin 2015.

### Manufar 6 - Ruwa Mai Tsabtacewa da Tsabtace Yanayi
A cewar UNICEF, karancin samar da ruwa da tsabtace muhalli sun kashe tattalin arzikin Najeriya kusan kashi 1.3% na GDP a kowace shekara.

### Manufar 7 - Rashin Rashin Ruwa da Tsabtace Makamashi
Najeriya tana daya daga cikin mafi girman karancin makamashi a duniya, tare da kimanin 'yan Najeriya miliyan 90 (50% na yawan jama'a) ba su da damar samun wutar lantarki. Najeriya ta yi ikirarin samun gudummawar 13% na hydroelectricity ga hadin samar da wutar lantarki ta 2020; gudummawar 1% na makamashi na iska ga hadin samarwar wutar lantarki na kasar ta 2020; da kuma gudummawar 3% da 6% na hasken rana ga hadin samarwa na wutar lantarki na kasa ta 2020 da 2030 bi da bi.

### Manufar 9 - Masana'antu, Innovation da Infrastructure
Ci gaban fasaha a Najeriya ya dogara da samun dama ga bayanai, dandamali na dijital da Intanet. Wani rahoto na 2013 na Hukumar Raya Kasuwanci da Matsakaicin Kasuwanci ta Najeriya (SMEDAN) ya nuna cewa akwai sama da miliyan 70 na Micro Small da Matsakaitan Kasuwanci (MSMEs) da ke ba da gudummawa 50% na GDP na kasar, amma an lura cewa kasa da 5% na wadannan kasuwancin suna da isasshen damar samun bashi na kudi. Yankunan da suka fi dacewa da taimakon wadannan MSMEs sune samun damar samun kudi, samar da ababen more rayuwa, da samar da wutar lantarki na yau da kullun.

## Tsarin bayar da rahoto
A cikin 2017, Najeriya ta ba da kanta don kasancewa cikin kasashe don sake duba ci gaban 2030 Agenda. Gabatarwar Binciken Kasa na Voluntary (VNR) sune sake dubawa na shekara-shekara da aka gabatar ga Babban Taron Siyasa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Ci Gaban Ci gaba (HLPF). Najeriya ta kasance daga cikin kasashe 44 na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da suka gabatar da Binciken Kasa na son rai game da aiwatar da Agenda na 2030 da SDGs a HLPF.

A cikin shekarar 2020, Najeriya ta kuma ba da gudummawa tare da wasu kasashe 46 don VNR. Binciken ya kuma mayar da hankali kan;

* Talauci (SDG 1)
* Lafiya da jin dadi (SDG 3),
* Ilimi (SDG 4),
* Daidaitawar jinsi (SDG 5)
* Tattalin arzikin hada-hadar (SDG 8),
* Samar da yanayi na zaman lafiya da tsaro (SDG 16)
* Hadin gwiwa (SDG 17)

Yankunan da aka mayar da hankali sun dogara ne akan abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci da manufofi na ci gaba na yanzu. "An ba da rahoton duk da annobar COVID-19 wacce aka yi imanin ta rage ci gaban 2030 Agenda. "

## Ayyuka

### Binciken Kasa na son rai na 2020
A watan Yulin shekarar 2020, Shugaba Muhammadu Buhari ya gabatar da Binciken Kasa na Voluntary a zaman kwamitin na biyu na HLPF, a kan layi a karo na farko saboda annobar COVID-19. Ya ba da ci gaban bakwai daga cikin SDGs wadanda ake kira a matsayin ainihin kasar gaba daya.

### Tallafin kudi
A ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2020, Najeriya ta fara aiki a hukumance na tsarawa da aiwatar da Tsarin Tsarin Kudade na Kasa (INFF) don ba da gudummawar abubuwan ci gaban kasa da kuma cimma burin SDGs.  Tsarin hada-hadar kudade na kasa (INFF) wani shiri ne na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don tallafawa kasashe wajen aiwatar da yarjejeniyoyin Ajenda Aiki na Addis Ababa (AAAA) don ba da tallafin SDGs. UNDP ta kasance tana tallafawa gwamnati da jama'arta ta hanyar magance kalubalen ci gaba, karfafawa da gina cibiyoyi masu inganta ci gaba mai dorewa da mulkin dimokradiyya.  Misali, yayin rikicin COVID-19, UNDP ta ha]a hannu da Japan don tallafa wa harkokin kiwon lafiya da zamantakewar tattalin arzikin Nijeriya. 

## Kalubale
Shekarar 2020, wacce ake kira "Shekaru goma na Aiki" an ce tana da jinkirin ci gaba game da ci gaban SDGs kamar yadda Shugaba Muhammadu Buhari ya ruwaito a lokacin Binciken Kasa na Kasa na Najeriya na 2020 (VNR). Rahoton ya mayar da hankali kan batutuwan talauci (SDG-1) da tattalin arziki mai hadawa (SDG-8), kiwon lafiya da jin dadi (SDG-3), ilimi (SDG-4), daidaiton jinsi (SDG-5), yanayin da ke ba da damar zaman lafiya da tsaro (SDG-16), da haɗin gwiwa (SDG-15).

## Al'umma da al'adu

### Ilimi mafi girma
Akwai kuma cibiyoyi daban-daban a duk fadin kasar da suka himmatu ga kirkirar wayar da kan jama'a ta SDGs, daya daga cikin wadannan shine Cibiyar Ci Gaban ta Jami'ar Ibadan (CESDEV). Jami'ar Ibadan ce ta kafa Cibiyar a matsayin nuna jajircewar jami'ar ga ci gaba mai dorewa.

### Abubuwan da suka faru

#### Makon SDGs na Legas
Makon SDS na Legas wani taron mako-mako ne na shekara-shekara wanda ake tunawa da shi ta hanyar hada masu ruwa da tsaki na bangarori don hada kai da Altruism, Advocacy & Action tare da hangen nesa don gano mafita, sake nazarin ci gaba, fadada wayar da kan jama'a, hadin gwiwa da sake tabbatar da jajircewa don hanzarta kokarin cimma SDGs na 2030. Makon SDGs yana da shirye-shirye masu zuwa: Gidan Gwamna na Virtual Meet-And-Greet tare da masu ba da damar SDGs na Legas, Open Goal Adoption da Mashahuran Lagosians, Neighborhood Outreach Campaign, Future of Lagos Hackathon, Legas Local Government / LCDAs Discourse on SDGs. Wadannan shirye-shiryen suna da alaqa sosai a cikin manufar su don saurin yin kokari don ci gaba don isar da SDGs a Jihar Legas.

## Gungiyoyi
Wannan jerin kungiyoyi ne da ke hanzarta burin ci gaba mai dorewa a Najeriya:

* UNDP a Najeriya
* Cibiyar SDGs ta Matasan Najeriya
* Shirin Ci gaban Canjin Yanayi na Duniya
* Babban Kwamitin Australiya Najeriya
* Lagos SDGs Youth Alliance
* Koyar da SDGs
* Cibiyar Nazarin Yanayi ta Najeriya (NCIC)

## Dubi kuma

* Canjin yanayi a Najeriya
* Kashe daji a Najeriya

## Bayani