Louise Kaiser

**Louise Kaiser** (Medemblik, 15 ga Oktoba 1891 - Bussum, 2 ga Afrilu 1973) ta kasance masaniya a fannin ilimin harshe da yare na Dutch kuma mace ta farko a Jami'ar Amsterdam kuma ta zama sananniya da bincikenta game da ma'aunin phonetic da na jiki-anthropological akan mutanen Urk a cikin Netherlands.

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haifi Kaiser a cikin dangin wani likita mai arziki kuma ta yi kuruciyarta a Hoorn. Ta yi karatun likitanci a Jami'ar Amsterdam. Ta ci jarrabawar likitanci a shekarar 1918 kuma ta sami digirin digiri a ranar 14 ga watan Mayu 1924 tare da GA van Rijnberk akan *Innervation na fata ta tattabara*. 

Kaiser ta ba da kwasa-kwasanta na farko a cikin aikin wayar da kan jama'a a ɗakin gwaje-gwajen ilimin halittar jiki na Jami'ar Amsterdam a farkon shekara ta 1922. A cikin shekarar 1926 an kafa kujera don ilimin kimiyyar sauti kuma an naɗa Kaiser a matsayin malama ta farko, tare da aikin bincike na gwajin sauti. A cikin shekarar 1931, ta haɗa haɗin gwiwar ƙungiyar Dutch don kimiyyar sauti. Ta zama shugabar kungiyar kuma ta kasance a can har zuwa shekara ta 1959.  

A cikin shekarar 1932, an gudanar *da Babban Taron Duniya na Farko na Kimiyyar Waya*, godiya ga sa hannun Kaiser. Ba da daɗewa ba, a cikin shekarar 1933, ta kafa ɗakin gwaje-gwaje na Phonetic Experimental Phonetic Laboratory, magabacin Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyyar Watsa Labarai, yanzu tana cikin Sashen Linguistics a Jami'ar Amsterdam. 

Kaiser ana ɗaukarsa majagaba a fannin sauti. Ta yi gwaji da na'urorin sauti kuma ita ce ta farko a fagenta da ta yi amfani da darussan gwaji masu yawa, saɓanin gungun wasu zaɓaɓɓun batutuwan gwaji. Binciken nata ya fi mayar da hankali ne kan tsohon yankin Zuiderzee, gami da tsibirin Urk, da kuma sabbin polders. Anan ta gudanar da aikinta mafi mahimmanci. An daɗe ana sha'awar kimiyya game da tsoffin al'ummomin da ke yankin Zuiderzee, saboda keɓantacce wurin da ake zaton yawan jama'a na asali. 

A cikin shekarar 1928, Kaiser ta aiwatar da ma'aunin sauti da na zahiri-anthropological akan Urk, wanda ya haɗa da auna tsayin ɓangarorin Urkers, haɗe da bincike kan gashi da launin ido. Tare da kafa 'Foundation for Population Research in the drained Zuiderzee Polders' na Kaiser da Amsterdam geographer HN ter Veen, bincike a wannan yanki ya kasance da tsari sosai. Daga shekarun 1936 zuwa 1958 Kaiser ta kasance memba na kwamitin sashin Harshe, Watsa Labarai da Folklore. Shugaban sashen, Piet Meertens, ya zama darektan Cibiyar Meertens. Tare, Kaiser da shugaban sun tattara kayan sauti daga masu watsa shirye-shiryen Dutch don binciken kimiyya. 

Tarin sauti a fagen sauti tare da rikodi a fagen sayan magana da yarukan, wanda Kaiser da Meertens suka tattara a Jami'ar Amsterdam, yanzu yana zaune a Cibiyar Meertens. 

### Aikin fasaha
Daga baya a rayuwa, Kaiser ta zama mai zane-zane, ban da aikinta a matsayin malama. A matsayinta na ƴar ɗan'uwan ɗan ƙasar Holland Johann Wilhelm Kaiser, ta fara sha'awar fasahar gani tun tana ƙarama. Ta yi kwasa-kwasan yamma a makarantar fasaha da fasaha ta Quellinus a Amsterdam. Kaiser ta yi ritaya daga jami'a a shekarar 1958. 

### Rayuwa ta sirri
A cewar Meertens, "Ko da yake duk wanda ya san ta ya san cewa ita mace ce mai karfi da ba ta jin tsoron ɗaukar wani abokin gaba, ta kasance mai ƙiyayya ga sanya kanta a cikin haske." Ya yi hasashen cewa wannan ne dalilin da ya sa ba a taɓa sunanta a matsayin Farfesan jami’a ba saboda tana da ‘yancin kai. 

Kaiser ta ɗauki yara reno biyu.  Ta rasu a shekarar 1973.  

## Manazarta