Dokar Rashin cancanta na Jima'i (Ragewa) 1919

**Dokar Hana Yin Jima'i (Cire) 1919** Dokar Majalisa ce a Burtaniya . Ya zama doka lokacin da ta sami izinin sarauta a ranar 23 ga Disamba 1919.  Dokar ta baiwa mata damar shiga sana'o'i da ƙungiyoyin ƙwararru, su zauna a juri kuma a ba su digiri. Ya kasance wani sulhu na gwamnati, wanda zai maye gurbin wani lissafin membobi masu zaman kansu masu tsattsauran ra'ayi, Dokar 'Yancin Mata . 

## Tasirin aikin
Babban manufar wannan aikin shine, kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin dogon takensa, "don gyara Doka game da rashin cancanta saboda jima'i", wanda ya samu a cikin gajeren sassan hudu da jadawalin daya. Babban burinsa ya cim ma sashe na 1, wanda ya bayyana cewa:

An bai wa Crown ikon tsara shigar da mata shiga aikin gwamnati ta hanyar oda a majalisa, kuma an ba alkalai damar sarrafa tsarin jinsi na juries .

A sashe na 2, za a shigar da mata a matsayin lauya bayan sun yi shekaru uku ne kawai idan sun mallaki digiri na jami’a wanda zai iya ba su cancanta idan namiji ne, ko kuma idan sun cika dukkan bukatu na digiri a jami’a wadda a lokacin ba ta ba mata damar yin digiri ba.

A sashe na 3, babu wata ka'ida ko kundin tsarin mulkin jami'a da ya hana hukumomin jami'a tsara shigar da mata shiga jami'a ko digiri.

Ta hanyar sashe na 4, duk wani umarni a majalisa, sharuɗɗan sarauta, ko tanadin doka waɗanda suka saba wa wannan dokar za su daina aiki. 

## Tasirin aikin
A baya an bai wa mata damar yin zabe (iyakance) ta hanyar wakilcin dokar jama'a ta 1918, kuma sun sami damar tsayawa takarar majalisar, amma yawancin ƙuntatawa marasa ƙarfi ga mata masu shiga cikin rayuwar jama'a sun kasance. A zahiri, wannan dokar ta ɗage mafi yawan takunkumin dokar gama-gari a kan mata; yanzu sun iya, misali su zama majistare ko alkalai, ko shiga cikin sana'o'in. An daina ɗaukar aure a bisa doka a matsayin wani shinge ga ikon mace na yin aiki a waɗannan fannonin. 

Dokar ta fara aiki ne a ranar da ta zama doka, 23 Disamba 1919; mace ta farko mai adalci ta zaman lafiya - Ada Summers, *tsohon officio* a Justice bisa ga kasancewar magajin garin Stalybridge - an rantsar da shi a cikin mako guda bayan haka, a ranar 31 ga Disamba.  Duk da haka, ya ɗauki har zuwa Disamba 1922 don a nada mace lauya.  Matan farko da aka nada barristers sune Frances 'Fay' Kyle da Averil Deverell a Ireland a watan Nuwamba 1921.   ita ce mace ta farko a Ingila da ta ci jarrabawar kammala mashaya a watan Mayu 1921, amma mace ( Ivy Williams ) ba za a kira zuwa Turanci Bar har sai Mayu 1422.

Wani bincike da aka gudanar a shekarar 2017 da ke kallon alkalan mata a wajen Landan a cikin shekaru goma na farko bayan dokar ta 1919 ya gano cewa hoton ya kasance yanki ne sosai, amma abin da aka saba yi a duk fadin Ingila da Wales shi ne raguwar adadin matan da ke aiki a juri. A cikin Midlands, matsakaita juri ya tashi daga samun tsakanin 3.3 da 2.9 mata a 1921, zuwa samun tsakanin 2.0 da 2.4 a 1929. A Kudancin Ingila (ban da London), matsakaicin juri ya tafi daga samun tsakanin 2.0 da 1.3 mata a kowace juri a 1921 zuwa matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarshen 0. Juries yawanci ba su da memba na mace a lokacin da suke ƙoƙarin aikata laifukan jima'i wanda wanda aka azabtar ba mace ba ne kuma ba yarinya ba, saboda jima'i tsakanin maza da ayyukan dabba ana daukar su abin mamaki ga maza da mata suyi shawara tare. A mafi yawan yankuna, dukkan alkalai na maza sun kasance ba a sani ba game da laifukan kadarori, mai yiwuwa saboda gwajin sata da sauran laifuffuka masu kama da su an dauke su batutuwan da suka dace da maza da mata don tattaunawa tare. Akwai kuma bambance-bambancen yanki. A kudu maso gabashin Ingila, dukkan alkalai na maza sun kasance ba a saba gani ba musamman ga shari'o'in da suka shafi kisan kai da laifuffuka ga jihar. A kudancin Wales, haka yake ga laifuffukan da ba su da kisa ga mutum; kuma a kudu maso yammacin Ingila, an sami karancin alkalai na maza duka a cikin shari'ar laifin jima'i da suka shafi matan da aka kashe. A cikin Midlands, inda gabaɗaya akwai ƙarin alkalai mata ta wata hanya, babu bambance-bambancen da ya wuce gabaɗayan yanayin da aka ambata a sama dangane da laifuffukan jima'i na maza kawai da laifukan dukiya. 

gyare-gyaren da aka yi a baya ya sanya ikon mallakar alkali ya fi takura fiye da yadda aka yi shi nan da nan bayan 1919. A watan Disamba na 1920, garuruwa goma da a baya ba a buƙaci su yi la'akari da dukiyar mutanen da suke zaɓe don hidimar juri ba, an buƙaci su yi hakan. Crosby ta gano cewa hakan ya haifar da raguwar adadin matan da ke aiki a cikin alkalai na garuruwan. Bayan shekaru biyu, an sake sauya dokar ta yadda duk alkalai a yanzu dole ne a yi musu rajista don kada kuri'a a wuri daya da suke rike da kadarorinsu. Lokacin da aka gabatar da wannan canjin, lauyan majalisar ya lura cewa "A cikin yanayin ... na (misali) 'yar da ke zaune tare da mahaifinta a cikin gidan da yake da shi kuma ta mallaki wani karamin dukiya a wani wuri a cikin kasar, matsayi shine cewa a halin yanzu ta cancanci zama mai shari'a, amma a nan gaba ba za ta kasance ba. Babu, duk da haka, ya kamata in yi la'akari, da yawa irin waɗannan lokuta, kuma za a iya yin watsi da su. " 

## Gado
A shekara ta 2019 an gudanar da bikin cika shekaru 100 na farko don tunawa da dokar, don gane tasirin mata a cikin doka tun lokacin da dokar ta zama doka. 

## Manazarta