Cibiyar Tsinkaya ta Hadari

Cibiyar Tsinkaya ta Guguwa (**SPC**) hukuma ce ta gwamnatin Amurka wacce ke cikin Cibiyoyin Tsinkaya na Muhalli (NCEP), wanda ke aiki a ƙarƙashin ikon Sabis ɗin Yanayi na Kasa (NWS),  wanda shi ma wani ɓangare ne na Hukumar Kula da Yanayi da Yanayi ta Kasa (NOAA) na Ma'aikatar Kasuwanci ta Amurka (DoC). 

Hedikwatar a Cibiyar Kula da Yanayi ta Kasa a Norman, Oklahoma, Cibiyar Tsinkaya ta guguwa tana da alhakin yin hasashen haɗarin tsawa mai tsanani da guguwa a cikin Amurka. Yana ba da ra'ayoyi na convective, Tattaunawar mesoscale, da agogo a matsayin wani ɓangare na wannan tsari. Ana ba da ra'ayoyin convective na kwanaki takwas masu zuwa (an ba da su daban don Ranar 1, Ranar 2, Ranar 3, da Ranar 4-8), kuma suna ba da cikakken bayani game da haɗarin tsawa mai tsanani da guguwa a lokacin da aka ba da hasashen, kodayake guguwa, ƙanƙara da bayanan iska suna samuwa ne kawai don Ranar 1 da 2. Rana ta 3 tana amfani da sikelin mai yuwuwa daga Marginal zuwa Matsakaicin haɗari (Ba za a iya bayar da Babban haɗari na Rana 3 ba), yayin da Kwanaki 4-8 ke amfani da sikalin mai yuwuwar ƙayyade yiwuwar mummunan yanayi a cikin kashi (15% / rawaya da 30% / orange).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

Ana ba da tattaunawa ta mesoscale don samar da bayanai game da wasu yankuna inda yanayi mai tsanani ya zama barazana kuma ya bayyana ko agogo yana iya zama da cikakkun bayanai game da shi, musamman game da yanayin da ya dace da ci gaban tsawa mai tsanani a cikin gajeren lokaci, da kuma yanayin yanayin yanayi mai tsanani lokacin da agogo ba su da mahimmanci. Ana ba da agogo lokacin da masu hasashen ke da tabbacin cewa yanayi mai tsanani zai faru, kuma yawanci yana gaba da farawar yanayi mai tsanani da sa'a ɗaya, kodayake wannan wani lokacin ya bambanta dangane da wasu yanayin yanayi wanda zai iya hanawa ko hanzarta ci gaban convective.

Har ila yau, hukumar tana da alhakin yin hasashen yanayin wuta (yana nuna yanayin da ya dace da gobarar daji) a cikin Amurka da ke kusa, yana ba da hangen nesa na yanayin wuta don Kwanaki 1, 2, da 3-8, wanda ke ba da cikakkun bayanai ga wuraren da ke da matakai daban-daban na haɗari ga yanayin wuta (kamar matakan wuta da faɗakarwar wuta).&nbsp;

## Tarihi
Cibiyar TS ta Guguwa ta fara ne a 1952 a matsayin **<u>Se</u>** (Severe L Storms Unit), Ofishin Yanayi na Amurka a Washington, DC A cikin 1954, sashin ya koma ayyukan tsinkaya zuwa Kansas City, Missouri. SELS ta fara bayar da ra'ayoyi masu ma'ana don aikin hadari da aka yi hasashen a cikin 1955, kuma ta fara bayarwa da taƙaitaccen Radar a cikin sa'o'i uku a cikin 1960;  tare da karuwar ayyukan tattarawa da rarraba taƙaitawar radar, wannan rukunin ya zama Cibiyar Tsinkaya ta Tsinkaye ta Kasa (NSSFC) a cikin 1966,  wanda ya rage hedikwatar a Kansas City.

A shekara ta 1968, Cibiyar Tsaro ta Tsaro ta Kasa ta fara bayar da rahotanni game da agogon yanayi; hukumar ta fara watsa bayanai na kwamfuta a shekara ta 1971. A ranar 2 ga Afrilu, 1982, hukumar ta ba da agogo na farko na "Shirye-shiryen Yanayi", wanda ke nuna barazanar da ke gabatowa na babban mummunan yanayi a lokacin agogo. A shekara ta 1986, NSSFC ta gabatar da sabbin samfuran hasashen guda biyu: Ranar 2 Convective Outlook (wanda ya haɗa da hasashen yiwuwar yankunan da aka tsara na hadarin tsawa don rana mai zuwa) da kuma Tattaunawar Mesoscale (hasashen gajeren lokaci wanda ke tsara takamaiman yankuna a ƙarƙashin barazanar ci gaban tsawa mai tsanani). 

A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1995, Cibiyar Tsinkaya ta Tsinkaya mai tsanani ta Kasa ta sake komawa ayyukanta zuwa Norman, Oklahoma, kuma an sake kiranta Cibiyar Tsakanin Tsinkaya. A wannan lokacin, cibiyar jagora ta kasance a Filin jirgin saman Max Westheimer (yanzu Jami'ar Oklahoma Westheimer Airport), tare da kasancewa a cikin wannan ginin kamar National Severe Storms Laboratory da Ofishin Kula da Yanayi na Yanayi na Kasa (wanda na ƙarshe, ban da yada tsinkaye, yana kula da bayar da gargadi na yanayi da shawarwari ga yammacin kashi biyu bisa uku na Oklahoma da sassan yammacin Arewacin Texas, da kuma batutuwa da kuma sabuntawa na matsayin SPC da suka bayar da tsawa masu tsanani sun haɗa da wuraren da guguwa na Norman).[1] A cikin 1998, cibiyar ta fara bayar da National Fire Weather Outlook don samar da tsinkaya ga yankunan da za su iya kamuwa da ci gaba da yaduwar gobarar daji bisa ga wasu abubuwan yanayi.[2] Ranar 3 Convective Outlook (wanda yayi kama da tsarin hasashen Ranar 2) an fara bayar da ita ne a kan gwaji a cikin 2000, kuma an sanya shi samfurin hukuma a cikin2001.

## Manazarta