Kungiyar Kare Hakkin Dazuzzuka

**Amazon Watch** kungiya ce mai zaman kanta  aka kafa a shekarar alif 1996, kuma tana zaune a Oakland, California a Amurika tana aikin kare dazuzzuka da kuma ciyar da haƙƙin yan asalin yankin Amazon. Yana haɗin gwiwa tare da indan asali da ƙungiyoyin kare muhalli a Ecuador, Peru, Colombia da Brazil a cikin kamfen don haƙƙoƙin ɗan adam, ba da lissafin kamfanoni da kuma kiyaye tsarin muhalli na Amazon.

## Gangami
A cikin shekarata 1964, Kamfanin Taco na Petaco, tare da haɗin gwiwar Gulf Oil, sun fara binciken mai a Arewa maso Gabashin Ecuador. A cikin shekarar 1974, Gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Ecuador, ta yi aiki ta hannun kamfanin mai na ƙasa Petroecuador, ta sami ribar kashi 25%. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Petroecuador ya sami sha'awar Gulf Oil kuma ya zama mai mallakar 62.5% na filin man Lago Agrio. Zuwa shekarar 1993, Petroecuador ya kuma sami sha'awar Texaco. Bayan Texaco ya kammala aikin gyara muhalli, Gwamnatin Ecuador ta duba ta kuma tabbatar da aikin kuma ta 'yantar, ta' yantu kuma ta dawwama har abada "Texaco Petroleum daga" duk wata da'awa ko kara da Gwamnatin Ecuador.   Koyaya, a cikin Nuwamban shekarata 1993, wani rukuni na Ecuadorians sun shigar da ƙara a kotu a madadin mazauna 30,000 na yankin Oriente, suna zargin cewa Texaco ya ƙazantar da dazukan ruwan sama. Bayan shigar da kara, Kotun daukaka kara ta Amurka ta tabbatar a *Aguinda v.* *Texaco* an kori kotu daga baya bisa " dandalin da bai dace ba."  Don haka, an fara ayyukan shari'a a Ecuador a shekarar 2003. 

Amazon Watch yana tallafawa masu shigar da kara na Ecuador ta hanyar buga wani kayan aikin jarida da ke zargin cewa Chevron (magajin kamfanin na Texaco) ya kamata a tuhume shi da zubar da    na ruwa mai guba mai guba zuwa yankin gandun daji na Amazon na Ecuador wanda ke dauke da mutane sama da 30,000 - wanda ake zaton ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan gurbacewar alakar mai, wanda ya zarce na bala'in Exxon Valdez .   A cikin shekarata 2011, yanke shawara a Ecuador ya umarci Chevron ta biya dala biliyan 9.5. Kotun Koli ta Ecuador a shekarar 2013 ta tabbatar da hukuncin kotun a hukuncin da ta yanke a shafuka 222 wadanda suka yi rubuce rubuce game da matakan gurbatar mai a rayuwa da yawa a tsoffin tsoffin wuraren rijiyoyin Chevron da ke cikin daji. A cikin duka, alƙalai ɗaukaka ƙara a Ecuador sun yi nazarin shaidu kan Chevron kuma sun tabbatar da hukuncin, tare da yin watsi da zargin Chevron na zamba. Lokacin da Chevron ya ƙi bin umarnin dala biliyan 9.5 da aka yanke masa don gurɓatawa a filin man Lago Agrio, babban lauyan masu shigar da kara, Steven R. Donziger, ya yi ƙoƙarin tattara hukuncin a Brazil, Argentina, da Kanada.  Daga nan Chevron ya shigar da kara a Amurka,  kuma yana dogaro da Dokar Racketeer Tasiri da Cin Hanci da Rashawa (Dokar RICO), ta yi zargin cewa lauyoyin masu shigar da kara a shari'ar Lago Agrio sun shiga almubazzaranci da zamba ta hanyar biyan kusan dala 300,000 a rashawa. don samun hukuncin kotu na 2011 a Ecuador.  A ranar 4 ga Mar 2014, Alkali Lewis A. Kaplan ya kammala da cewa "an karkatar da hanyar adalci" kuma ya umarci Donziger da ya gabatar da duk wani aiki na tilastawa a Amurka.   Donziger ya daukaka kara zuwa Kotun Daukaka Kara ta Amurka, Circuit Second.  

Shafin yanar gizo na Amazon Watch ya bayyana ayyukanta a cikin Ecuador a matsayin "wucewa sama da tallafawa kokarin 'yan asalin don kiyaye yankunansu da kuma cin nasarar haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙinsu, Amazon Watch yana kuma inganta hanyoyin hangen nesa waɗanda zasu iya kare yanayin Amazon da al'ummomin yankin. Tsarin Yasuni ITT shine ɗayan irin wannan shirin wanda muka ƙaddamar dashi sosai. Shawarwarin na neman a ajiye kimanin ganga miliyan 900 na danyen mai wanda ke kwance a karkashin dajin Yasuni na din-din-din a cikin kasar don musayar rabin kudaden man da aka manta. Idan an yi daidai, shawarwarin muhimmin mataki ne na farko don adana albarkatun mai a cikin al'adu da keɓaɓɓun yanayin yanayin cikin Ecuador da ma bayan can. " 

Bugu da kari, Amazon Watch mai kara ne a karar da kamfanin mai na Amurka Occidental ya yi saboda lalacewar dazuzzuka na Peruvian.  Da farko Kotun Gunduma ta ba da izinin korar ba tare da yanke hukunci kan ko Amazon Watch ya tsaya kai kara ba. A kan daukaka kara, Kotun Yanki ta 9 ta soke sallamar  kuma Kotun Koli ta ki nazari.  Amazon Watch ya kuma tallafawa 'yan asalin Achuar don adawa da binciken mai a kan filayen su ta kamfanin mai na Canada Talisman da kamfanin Argentina na Pluspetrol.  Bugu da ƙari, Amazon Watch yana tallafawa wata makaranta da ke horar da shugabannin asalin ƙasar yadda za su kare haƙƙinsu game da kamfanonin mai da ma'adinai. Dama sauran wasu abubuwan

A Brazil, gwamnatin na gina babbar madatsar ruwa ta uku mafi girma a duniya a kan Kogin Xingu, daya daga cikin manyan bakin ruwa na Amazon. Ginin madatsar ruwan na Belo Monte zai karkatar da kashi 80 cikin 100 na kwararar Kogin Xingu, ya lalata yanki sama da murabba'in kilomita 1,500 na dazuzzuka, kuma hakan ya haifar da tilasta yin ƙaura zuwa mutane 40,000. Tare da mutanen Xingu da haɗin gwiwar ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na Brazil da na ƙasa da ƙasa, Amazon Watch yana aiki don yin rubuce-rubuce da kuma bayyana tasirin tasirin madatsar a kan mazauna yankin da na asali.

Rahoton Amazon Watch ya nuna cewa yawan sare dazuzzuka na barazanar ingiza Amazon din ta wuce tafin da ba zai iya murmurewa ba. Rahotannin sun ce a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata, kashi 20 cikin 100 na yankin na Amazon an sare shi da wani kaso 20 kuma an kaskanta shi - duk hakan na faruwa ne ta hanyar share fili don aikin gona da manyan ayyukan masana'antu kamar bututun mai da iskar gas, madatsun ruwa da hanyoyi.

A watan Satumbar shekarata 2016 Amazon Watch ya fitar da wani rahoto wanda ya kammala da cewa shigo da danyen mai da Amurka ke yi yana lalata lalacewar dazuzzuka a cikin Amazon da kuma sakin manyan iskar gas.  

A ranar 6 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 2020, kungiyar kare muhalli ta Mobilize Earth *ta ba da sanarwar Waliyyan Rayuwa*, na farko daga cikin gajeren fim goma sha biyu da ke nuna manyan matsalolin da ke fuskantar bil'adama da duniyar ta duniya. Kudaden da aikin ya tattara zasu tafi Amazon Watch da Rean tawayen tawaye.

## Manazarta
 

## Kara karantawa

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## Majiyoyi

* Amazon Watch - Tashar yanar gizo
* Dan Jarida Ya Fallasa Yadda Chevron Yayi Kokarin Daukar ta A Matsayin Mai Leken Asiri Don Cin Mutuncin $ 27B Suit a cikin Ecuadorian Amazon - rahoton bidiyo na *Democracy Now!*