Slobodan Šnajder

**Slobodan Šnajder** (An haife shi a ranar 8 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1948) marubuci ne kuma mai talla labarai na Croatia.

An haifi Šnajder a shekara ta 1948 a Zagreb, inda ya kammala karatu a fannin falsafa da karatun Ingilishi daga Faculty of Philosophy .  Ya kasance co-kafa kuma editan mujallar wasan kwaikwayo Prolog da kuma editan fitowar da Cekade ta buga. An buga gajerun labaru, litattafai da wasansa tun 1966. Daga Janairu zuwa Yuni 1993, ya kasance marubuci a cikin jaridar yau da kullun Glas Slavonije, Osijek, (Reader for the Melancholics), kuma, tun daga Janairu 1994 zuwa 2013, a cikin jarida ta yau da kullun Novi list, Rijeka, (Dangerous Connections). Shi memba ne na Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na mujallar hagu *Novi Plamen* . Ginshiƙansa da wasansa suna da magoya baya da masu adawa.Kodayake Šnajder yana rubuce-rubuce tun daga lokacin, an fitar da littafinsa na farko mai suna Morendo a shekarar 2012.

## Ayyuka
Ayyukan farko na Šnajder shine wasan kwaikwayo na farko *Minigolf* - gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Gavella, Zagreb, wanda Dino Radojević ya jagoranta.

Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Croatia na Zagreb (HNK) ya shirya uku daga cikin wasansa, *Kamov, smrtopis* (Kamov, Necrography) (1978), *Držićev san* (Dream of Držić) (1980), duka biyu da Ljubiša Ristić ya samar, da kuma "Nevjesta od vjetra" (Bride of the Wind), wanda Ivica Boban ya shirya. *Kamov, smrtopis* an shirya shi ne a watan Maris na shekara ta 2003 ta gidan wasan kwaikwayo na matasa na Zagreb (ZKM) a cikin samar da Branko Brezovec .

*Dumanske tišine* (Silences of a nun) wasa ne da aka shirya a duk abin da ke Yugoslavia. Wani wasan kwaikwayon nasa, "Zmijin svlak" (The Snakeskin), game da fyade a yakin Bosnia, an buga shi a duk faɗin Turai, daga Tübingen, Oslo, Warsaw, Kraków, Veroli kusa da Roma (Festival Dionysia), Frankfurt / Main, Dublin, Wien, Kopenhagen, har zuwa Belgrade. Wannan ya faru ne a matsayin rubutun da aka fi buga a kasashen waje, amma ba a Croatia ba.

Amma akwai wani wasa wanda da alama ya fi rikitarwa daga ranar da aka bayar har zuwa yau: *Hrvatski Faust* (Croatian Faust). Akwai wasu kamanceceniya tsakanin muhawara a cikin mahallin wasan kwaikwayon Ralph Hochhut "Stellvertreter" da wannan wasan kwaikwayon Šnajder . Dare na buɗewa ya kasance a Split, 1982, wanda Dino Radojević ya jagoranta. Ba da daɗewa ba aka shirya wasan a Varaždin (Petar Veček) da Belgrade (Slobodan Unkovski). Amma duk ra'ayoyin da za a yi a Zagreb, inda abubuwan da aka bayyana a cikin wasan suka faru a 1942, a karkashin mulkin Ustaša ("quislings" na Croatia), sun zama ba zai yiwu ba tun daga farkon lokacin. A zahiri, wasan kwaikwayon yana la'akari da tarihin gidan wasan kwaikwayon da kansa wanda a cikin shekarun saba'in ya buga wasan kwaikwayo biyu na Šnajder.

Fassarar Faust-play na Šnajder yana da wani abu da ya shafi abin da Jamusawa ke kira *"Aufarbeitung der Geschichte"* (aikin tarihi). Wani abu kamar wannan ba aiki ne mai sauƙi ba, ba ga Jamusawa ba, ko ga Croats da yawa.

"Croatian Faust" shine wasan farko na Šnajder da aka buga a kasashen waje: a cikin 1987 Roberto Ciulli ya shirya wannan wasan a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Ruhr . An nuna wannan samarwa a ko'ina a Jamus, a kasashe da yawa na Turai, da kuma Amurka (Chicago). SAT1 ya yi fim na musamman.

Shirin karshe na Šnajder a cikin yanayi na al'ada ya kasance "Bauhaus" (ZKM, wanda Paolo Magelli ya jagoranta, a farkon 1990). A cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa an cire Šnajder daga kowane repertoire da gidan wasan kwaikwayo a garinsu da ƙasarsu. A ƙarshen 1999 Petar Veček ya shirya babban guignol na Šnajder "Kod Bijelog labuda" (A White Swan), kuma a Varaždin . Amma an buga Šnajder a Turai, saboda irin wannan haramtacciyar tantancewa ba za ta iya aiki a waje da Croatia ba. Wasu shirye-shirye a Turai, ban da "Snakeskin": "Hrvatski Faust" (Croatian Faust, Burgtheater, Wien, wanda Hans Hollmann ya jagoranta), "Utjeha sjevernih mora" (Ta'aziyya ta Tekun Arewa a Frankfurt / Oder, wanda Michael Funke ya jagorantar), "Nevjesta od vjetra" (Bride of the Wind, wanda mai shirya fim din Werner Schroeter ya jagorantaka). Miloš Lazin ya samar da wasan Šnajder "Ines & Denise" a Faransanci, na farko a Sarajevo, sannan gidan wasan kwaikwayonsa ya buga wannan taken a garuruwan Faransa da yawa. Faransanci bude dare ya faru a Villeneuve-les-Avignon a shekarar 1997.

An shirya wasan game da Josip Broz Tito, The Bones in Stone, a watan Maris na shekara ta 2007 a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kasa na Bitola, Jamhuriyar Makidoniya, wanda Branko Brezovec ya jagoranta. A cikin shekara ta 2010 Kruna Tarle ya rubuta wasan kwaikwayonsa don bukukuwa - Moja draga Tilla!  ("Ƙaunatacciyar Tilla!" Tilla ta zauna a nan don 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Jamus Tilla Durieux wacce ta yi hijira zuwa Masarautar Yugoslavia tsakanin yaƙe-yaƙe). Wannan haɗin gwiwar gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Zagreb da Hfs Ernst Busch, Kwalejin Jamus don wasan kwaikwayo daga Berlin. Kungiyar Jamus ta yi nasu sigar, dare na buɗewa ya faru a Leverkusen, bayan haka a Berlin.

Wasanni na baya-bayan nan sune: Enciklopedija esani (Encyclopaedia of the Wasted Time, wanda shine wani nau'i na post-socialist *Jedermann* (Kowane Mutum), wato wani nau'in 'canji' mu'ujiza-wasan), da Kako je Dunda স্পala domovinu (Yadda Dunda ke Gudanar da Ceton Kasarta), bisa ga dalilan Maupassant.

Encyclopaedia of the Wasted Time an ba da kyautar gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Royal a Cetinje, Montenegro, 2009.

Fiye da shekaru goma sha takwas Šnajder yana rubuta ginshiƙan siyasa na mako-mako, na farko a Glas Slavonije, jaridar yau da kullun da aka bayar a Osijek, Croatia, a ƙarƙashin taken "Početnica za melankolike" (Mai karatu don Melancholics), a ci gaba a cikin "List New", wanda aka bayar a Rijeka. Wadannan ana kiransu Opasne vezes (Les Liaisons dangereuses, bayan na Laclos). Zaɓin da ke rufe ginshiƙan da aka rubuta har zuwa 1999 an buga shi a cikin littafin *Kardinalna greška* (Kaddalin Kuskuren), yayin da waɗanda aka buga daga 1999 zuwa tsakiyar 2004 an tattara su a cikin wani littafi - Umwenn pod zvijezdom (To Die Under the Star).

Slobodan Šnajder ya sanya hannu kan sanarwar kan Harshen Harshen Croats, Serbs, Bosniaks da Montenegrins a cikin aikin *Harsuna da Ƙasashen* (Jezici i nacionalizmi).  Sanarwar ta yi adawa da rabuwa ta siyasa na bambance-bambance huɗu na Serbo-Croatian wanda ke haifar da jerin abubuwan da ba su dace ba na zamantakewa, al'adu da siyasa wanda ake aiwatar da maganganun harshe a matsayin ma'auni na haɗin kabilanci da ƙasa kuma a matsayin hanyar aminci na siyasa a jihohin da suka gaji Yugoslavia.

## Bayanan littattafai
 

## Kyaututtuka na wallafe-wallafen

* Ta yaya Dunda ta ceci ƙasar ta (2008) - Kyautar Kasa ta Croatia don Wasanni "Marin Držić"
* The Encyclopaedia of the Wasted Time (2009) - Kyautar gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Royal, Cetinje, Montenegro; Kyautar Kasa ta Croatia don Wasanni "Marin Držić"
* Doba mjedi (2016) - Kyautar wallafe-wallafen Meša Selimović 
* Doba mjedi (2016) - Kyautar wallafe-wallafen Radomir Konstantinović 
* Doba mjedi (2016) - Kyautar wallafe-wallafen Mirko Kovač 
* Doba mjedi (2016) - roman@tportal.hr Kyautar wallafe-wallafen 
* Doba mjedi (2016) - "Fuka-fukan Kočić" Kyautar wallafe-wallafen 
* Umwenn u Hrvatskoj: pet eseja (2019) - Kyautar wallafe-wallafen Višnja Machiedo  

## Dubi kuma

* *Jerin Novi*
* *Novi Plamen*

## manazarta