Majalisar dokokin Andes

**Majalisar Andean** ita ce hukuma mai mulki da shawara ta al'ummar Andean, wanda wakilan Ƙasashe mambobinta hudu Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador da Peru, da kuma mamba daya, Chile suka ba da izini . Ya kunshi ‘yan majalisa 25, biyar ne ke wakiltar kowace jiha.

An ƙirƙira shi a ranar 25 ga Oktoba 1979, a La Paz, Bolivia, ta hanyar yerjejeniyar Tsarin Mulki da shugabannin ƙasashen membobin biyar, ciki har da Venezuela a lokacin. Ya fara aiki a watan Janairun 1984. Venezuela ta yi watsi da al'ummar Andean da Majalisar a cikin 2006. Chile ta shiga Majalisar a cikin 2015, duk da cewa ba ta zama cikakken memba na Al'ummar Andean ba.

Majalisar Andean tana da hedkwatarta a Bogotá kuma Sakatare Janar ne ke gudanar da ita. Bugu da ƙari, kowace ƙasa tana da hedkwatar ƙasa waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin ƙungiyoyin haɗin gwiwa da daidaitawa.

Babban ayyukan majalisar Andean sun hada da daidaita doka a cikin kasashe mambobinta, wakilci na dindindin da aiki na al'ummomin yankin, ba da tabbacin shiga su da karfafa tsarin haɗin gwiwa, da gudanar da majalisa ta hanyar kula da harkokin siyasa na cibiyoyi na tsarin haɗin gwiwar Andean. (SAI).

Majalisar Andean ita ce ƙungiyar siyasa, mai ba da shawara, wakilin jama'a, da kuma tabbatar da haƙƙin haƙƙin demokraɗiyya a cikin Al'ummar Andean.

Asalin Majalisar Andean ya koma 1966 tare da Yarjejeniyar Bogotá, wanda aka zana akan shawarar ECLAC a ƙarƙashin yarjejeniyar Montevideo na 1960. Tare da yarjejeniyar Cartagena, da aka rattaba hannu a ranar 26 ga Mayu, 1969, kasashen biyar sun hadu a cikin abin da ake kira yarjejeniyar Andean, lokacin da aka kafa ka'idoji da tanadi na doka. kungiyar kwastam. Shugabannin kasashen Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru da Venezuela ne suka sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Mulki. Babban hedkwatarsa na farko ya kasance a Lima, sannan daga baya ya koma Bogota.

Jami'in diflomasiyyar Venezuela Milos Alcalay ya yi aiki a matsayin Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Andean (1984-85) kuma a matsayin Babban Sakatare na Majalisar Andean ( Bogotá, 1985-89). Daga baya, a cikin 1996, ta hanyar Yarjejeniyar Trujillo tana gyara Yarjejeniyar Cartagena, gwamnatocin yankin sun ba shi iko na ƙasa, suna ayyana shi a matsayin Sashin Kula da Siyasa na Tsarin Haɗin Kan Andean (SAI).

Tun da farko an zaɓe wakilanta ne ta ƴan majalissar wakilai ta ƙasa na ƙasashe membobin. Bisa ga Yarjejeniya ta Trujillo, wadda aka amince da ita a ranar 10 ga Maris, 1996, za a zaɓi wakilanta na tsawon shekaru biyar kai tsaye daga ƙasashe memba na Andean Community; A Colombia sun kasance cikin zaɓe kai tsaye tun daga zaɓen ranar 14 ga Maris, 2010. Ya ƙunshi mambobi biyar ga kowace ƙasa memba, wanda ya ba da jimlar 'yan majalisa ashirin da biyar.

A ranar 22 ga Afrilu, 2006, Venezuela ta fice daga Al'ummar Andean, saboda haka, daga Majalisar Andean, ta yi Allah wadai da Yarjejeniyar kafa Yarjejeniyar Cartagena. Dalilin da aka bayar shi ne rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar ciniki cikin 'yanci da Colombia da Peru suka yi da Amurka wanda ya gurbata kungiyar CAN, a cewar gwamnatin Venezuela. Daga baya majalisar dokokin Colombia ta hanyar doka ta 1157 ta 2007, wadda ta ba da damar yin zabe a wannan kasa ta 'yan majalisa ta hanyar kuri'a na duniya da kuma kai tsaye, ta amince da albashi da kwamitocin 'yan majalisar Andean. Ta haka za a biya su da wani bangare na kasafin kudin Jihar, kafin su zauna a kyauta.

A cikin Oktoba 2011, Spain, Mexico, da Panama sun zama membobin majalisar Andean na dindindin. A cikin 2016, Argentina ma ta zama memba na masu kallo, sannan Turkiyya ta biyo baya a 2019. 

A cikin 2015, Chile ta zama memba na dindindin a Majalisar Andean.

## Mishan Axes
AMajalisar Andean ta ƙera gatura na mishan guda huɗu, waɗanda kowane ɓangaren ke neman haɗin kan al'ummomi da kuma yada dabi'un zama ɗan ƙasa na Andean.

### 1. Harmonization na Majalisu
Yana neman daidaita ma'auni na ƙasashen Andean. Tsarin al'ada, yana da goyon bayan masana, malamai, jami'o'i, hukumomi da yawa da cibiyoyi na musamman. Tare da malaman jami'o'i da kungiyoyin 'yan majalisa, nazarin yarjejeniyoyin kasa da kasa, kundin tsarin mulki da dokokin kasa, tsare-tsaren ci gaban da gwamnatoci suka tsara, ana gudanar da su a matsayin motsa jiki.

### A2. Halartar Jama'a
Asalin axis a matsayin matsayin kwayoyin halitta a yankin, ta hanyar da aka yi amfani da manufofin Bude Majalisa:

### Majalisun matasa da matasa da jami'o'i
Shirin "Majalisar Matasa na Andean da Jami'o'i" na neman sabunta ajin siyasa na kasashen Andean da karfafa jagoranci a tsakanin matasa. An amince da shi a garuruwa daban-daban na yankin, tare da mai da hankali kan wuraren da ake fama da rikici da rauni. Mahalarta suna shiga tsarin horo akai-akai ta hanyar: Platform Fasaha na Hukumar, kujeru a shafukan sada zumunta da shiga cikin cikakken zaman kungiyar, a cikin abubuwan duniya da sauran wurare. Hakazalika, an kafa cikakken shirin bayar da tallafin karatu da zaburarwa ga shugabannin da ke da ingantattun shawarwari da aikin ilimi.

### QaMakarantu zuwa Majalisa
'Makaranta Zuwa Majalisa' wani aiki ne da ke yin zaɓen Makarantu tare da gudanar da ranar haɓaka wasan kwaikwayo da koyo. Ta hanyar kayan aikin jiki da na dijital kamar "Ni ne Majalisar Andean" da "Haɗa Haɗin kai" ɗalibai suna koyo game da ayyukan 'yan majalisar Andean, ƙimar zama ɗan ƙasa na Andean da wadatar yankin.

### Cibiyar Takardu
AAn kafa Cibiyar Takardu 'Simón Rodríguez', wanda ya ƙware a fannin dokoki, haɗin kai da batutuwan dokokin ƙasa da ƙasa. An haɗa ta ta hanyar kama-da-wane tare da mafi kyawun ɗakunan karatu na majalissar wakilai na ƙasa da ƙungiyoyi masu yawa kamar Library of Congress of Chile, ko Library of Congress na Amurka. Cibiyar Takardun Takardun Takaddun shaida tana ba da ayyukanta kyauta ga jama'ar ƙasashen yankin.

### Baje koli don Haɗuwa
ABikin baje kolin sun hada da baje kolin sana’o’in hannu, kayayyakin halitta da kasuwanci na al’adun kowace kasa ta Andean, da nufin hada da marasa galihu kamar uwar gidan uwa, mutanen da suka koma cikin kungiyoyin farar hula, da rikici ya raba da muhallansu, masu nakasa, da sauransu., a cikin tallafin kwayoyin halittarmu ga aikinta. Hakazalika, ana gabatar da nune-nunen zane-zane na kowane wata na sabbin hazaka, ɗaliban fasaha da masu fasaha na yankin. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen suna ba da damar haɗin kai tare da ƴan ƙasar Andean don haɓaka wayar da kan al'umma da asalin al'adu da zamantakewa ta hanyar fasaha.

### A3. Ƙarfafa Haɗin kai
AMajalisar Andean tana haɓaka da jagorantar hanyoyin haɗin kai na Latin Amurka. Don haka, tana ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwa da aiki tsakanin hukumomi tare da majalisun haɗin gwiwa kamar Latin Amurka, Amurka ta Tsakiya, MERCOSUR, da sauransu. Hakazalika, tana gudanar da ayyuka tare da kungiyoyi kamar:

* ABankin Ci gaban Latin Amurka da Caribbean (CAF)
* Ƙungiyar Ƙasar Amirka (OAS)
* Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
* Kungiyar Makamashi ta Latin Amurka (OLADE)
* Hukumar Tattalin Arziki na Latin Amurka da Caribbean (ECAC)
* Matan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya
* Kungiyar Lafiya ta Amurka (WHO / PAHO)
* Kungiyar Lafiya ta Andean
* Hipólito Unanue Yarjejeniyar.

Bugu da kari, 'yan majalisar Andean sun jagoranci yada muhimman batutuwan da suka shafi yankin, a cikin tarukan hade-hade kamar Majalisar Dokokin Turai da Latin Amurka (EuroLat) da Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU).

Yarjejeniyar Cartagena ta baiwa Majalisar Andean manufa aikin aiwatar da ikon siyasa akan jikin Andean Integration System (SAI). 

## 'Kasashe membobi

* 
*  (since 2015)
* 
* 
* 

; Tsoffin membobin

* QQq (1979-2006)

## Zabe
'Mataki na 2 na Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Mulki ya yi nuni da cewa, za a zabi 'yan majalisa ne a zabukan gama-gari da na kai tsaye a kasashen da aka kafa. Duk da haka, ba duka ƙasashe membobin ne suka kafa waɗannan zaɓe ko kuma amincewa da ƙarin ka'idojin gudanar da waɗannan zaɓen ba. A cewar kundin tsarin mulki, idan har ba a gudanar da zabukan kai tsaye a wata kasa ba, majalisar dokoki ta kasa ce za ta zabi mambobinta biyar kamar yadda suka tsara.

A halin yanzu, Colombia, Ecuador da Peru ne kawai ke da zaɓe na majalisar Andean, tare da nasu babban zaɓe, kama da Majalisar Amurka ta Tsakiya . Bolivia ta yi zaɓe kai tsaye a cikin 2014,   amma bayan haka Majalisar Dokokin ƙasar ta zaɓi 'yan majalisa. Tun bayan shiga majalisar Andean, majalisar dokokin Chile ta zabi wakilansu na kasa tsakanin mambobin majalisar dattijai da majalisar wakilai.

## QDuba kuma

* Majalisar Amurka ta Tsakiya (Parlacen)
* Majalisar Latin Amurka (Platino)
* Majalisar Mercosur

## Manazarta