Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Ma'adinai ta Ƙasa (Afirka ta Kudu)

**Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Ma'adinai ta Kasa** (**NUM**) galibi ƙungiya ce mai alaƙa da masana'antar ma'adinai, ƙungiyar ma'aikata tare da manufofi ta hanyar ma'aikata, a Afirka ta Kudu. Tare da mambobi 300,000 a shekarar 2014, ita ce babbar ƙungiya ta Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU).

## Tarihi
An kafa kungiyar ne a shekarar 1982 a matsayin kungiyar ma'aikatan ma'adinai, a kan shirin Majalisar Kwadago ta Afirka ta Kudu.  Shugabansu na farko shi ne Cyril Ramaphosa, a ƙarƙashinsa ya girma cikin sauri, ya sami karbuwa daga Chamber of Mines a 1983. 

NUM ta yi nasarar kamfen a cikin shekarun 1980s don ƙarshen tsarin ajiyar aiki, tsarin da ya tabbatar da cewa an ba da ayyukan da aka fi biyan kuɗi ga fararen fata.  Kungiyar ta kasance mai kafa kungiyar Congress of South African Trade Unions a shekarar 1985.  A shekara ta 2001, ta shagaltar da Kungiyar Ma'aikatan Ginin da Allied, yayin da a cikin 2021 ta shagamar da Kungiyar 'Yancin Metalworkers ta Afirka ta Kudu.An kammala hadewar a cikin 2021.

NUM tana da alaƙa da duniya tare da Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta Chemical, Energy, Mine da Janar Workers' Unions.

### Yajin aikin 2007
A ranar 4 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2007, kungiyar ta shiga yajin aiki don nuna rashin amincewa da yanayin aiki a ma'adinan Afirka ta Kudu. Yajin aikin ya samo asali ne daga hauhawar mutuwar ma'aikata daga 2006 zuwa 2007, duk da shirin gwamnati a watan Oktoba don rage mutuwar. Kasa da kashi 5% na ma'aikatan ma'adinai sun zo aiki a wannan rana.

### Yunkurin yajin aiki na 2012

A ranar 10 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2012, dubban mambobin NUM sun fara jerin yajin aiki a ma'adinan Lonmin na Marikana da ke da alaƙa da buƙatun kara albashi. Kashegari, shugabannin NUM sun yi zargin sun bude wuta a kan mambobin NUM da ke tafiya zuwa ofisoshin su don neman tallafi daga ƙungiyarsu - abin da ya faru yanzu ya zama abin tashin hankali na farko a lokacin yajin aikin. An ce a cikin kafofin watsa labarai cewa kisan ma'aikatan hakar ma'adinai biyu ya kasance babban dalilin rushewar amincewa a cikin ƙungiyar tsakanin ma'aikata. A cikin gabatarwar ga Hukumar Farlam, NUM ta ce an tabbatar da cewa an yi amfani da karfi mai kisa a wannan rana.

An kiyasta cewa tsakanin 12 da 14 ga watan Agusta kimanin mutane tara (akalla ma'aikata hudu, jami'an 'yan sanda biyu da masu tsaro biyu) an kashe su a yankin da ke kusa da Marikana - kodayake akwai rahotanni masu rikitarwa game da wanda ya kashe a lokacin waɗannan kwanakin.

A ranar 16 ga watan Agusta, 'yan sanda sun bude wuta a kan wani rukuni na masu hakar ma'adinai da suka taru a kan tudu kusa da Nkaneng, akalla mutane 34 ne suka mutu a Marikana, 78 sun ji rauni kuma an kama 259. Masu hakar ma'adinai suna ɗauke da machetes kuma sun ki amincewa da bukatar da za a yi wa su kwashe makamai. A cewar Majalisa ta Kungiyar Kwadago ta Afirka ta Kudu, 'yan sanda sun fara amfani da iskar hawaye, bindigogi na ruwa sannan suka yi amfani da "harsashi masu rai". An yi la'akari da kisan kiyashi a ko'ina cikin kafofin watsa labarai tare da 'yan sanda, Lonmin da NUM kanta ana zargin su.

Ru'ya ta Yohanna game da abin da ya faru wanda ya fara da bincike na ilimi sannan ya biyo bayan rahoto na Greg Marinovich ya nuna cewa yawancin kashe-kashen sun faru ne daga kyamara mintuna da yawa bayan an rubuta wasu kashe-kisan a talabijin.

A cewar *[[New York Times]]*, "Frans Baleni, babban sakatare na National Union of Mineworkers, ya kare 'yan sanda a wata hira da Kaya FM, tashar rediyo" yana cewa "' yan sanda sun yi haƙuri, amma waɗannan mutane suna da makamai masu haɗari sosai".

Harbin ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi munin da hukumomin Afirka ta Kudu suka yi tun ƙarshen zamanin wariyar launin fata a Afirka ta Kudu. Baleni da sauran jami'an NUM sun kuma zargi 'dakarun uku' da kasancewa a bayan yajin aikin Marikana.

## Rashin goyon baya
An yi jayayya cewa an yi fice daga NUM. A cewar Mai Shari'a Malala, a rubuce a cikin *The Guardian*, "NUM ta rasa duk abin da za a iya gaskatawa kuma tana zubar da jini. Sakataren da aka riga aka biya shi, Baleni, an ba shi karin albashi sama da 40% a shekarar da ta gabata kuma jimlar albashi ya fi R105 000 a wata. Shugabannin NUM sun ki fita daga motocin 'yan sanda don yin magana da ma'aikata. Wasu kuma sun yi jayayya cewa lambobin membobin NUM sun karu kuma, yanzu, sakamakon yajin aiki a Arewa maso Yamma, membobinta na iya tsayawa a kusa da 150,000.

Wasu sun yaba da kungiyar. Wani edita a cikin Kasuwancin Kasuwanci ya ce "NUM shine mai tunani, wanda ake la'akari da zuciyar ƙungiyar a nan... Yana godiya da kuma darajar masu zaman kansu da kamfanoni masu karfi. "

Kungiyar masu adawa da kungiyar ma'aikata da gine-gine (AMCU) ta karu da mambobi tun bayan harbe-harbe na Marikana kuma yanzu tana wakiltar sama da 40% na ma'aikata a Amplats da 70% a Lonmin.

## Jagoranci

### Sakatare Janar

: 1982: Cyril Ramaphosa
: 1991: Kgalema Motlanthe
: 1998: Gwede Mantashe
: 2006: Frans Baleni
: 2015: David Sipunzi
: 2022: William Mabapa

### Shugabannin

: 1982: James Motlatsi
: 2000: Senzeni Zokwana
: 2014: Piet Matosa
: 2018: Joseph Montisetse
: 2022: Daniel Balepile

## Ƙarin karantawa

* 

## Bayanan da aka yi amfani da su

## Haɗin waje

* Shafin yanar gizon NUM.