Dashen huhu

**Dashen huhu**, ko **dashen huhu, wata hanya** ce ta fiɗan huhun mutum guda ɗaya ko duka biyun don maye gurbin huhun da wasu. Ana iya maye gurbin huhun daga mai bayarwa mai rai ko Wanda ya mutu. Mai ba da gudummawar mai rai zai iya ba da gudummawar huhu ɗaya ne kawai. Saboda wasu cututtukan huhu, mai karɓa na iya buƙatar samun huhu ɗaya ne kawai. Akwai wasu cututtukan huhu irin su cystic fibrosis, yana da matukar muhimmanci mai karɓa ya karbi huhu guda biyu. Yayin da dashen huhun ke ɗauke da wasu haɗari masu alaƙa da juna, kuma suna iya tsawaita tsawon rai da haɓaka ingancin rayuwa ga waɗanda ke a matakin  ƙarshe na cutar huhu.

## Sharuɗɗan cancanta
Dashen huhu yanada ma'auni don aunawa ko mara lafiyan zai iya warkewa musamman ga mara lafiya Wanda kuma ke mataki na ƙarshe na ciwon, kuma ya bi dukkan wata hanya na ganin ya warke amma ba'a yi nasara ba. Sharudɗa iri-iri na iya sa irin wannan tiyata ta zama dole. Tun daga shekara ta 2005, dalilan da suka fi yawa na dashen huhu a Amurka sune: 

* 27% na kullum cututtuka na huhu (COPD), ciki har da emphysema ;
* 16% idiopathic fibrosis na huhu ;
* 14% cystic fibrosis ;
* 12% idiopathic (wanda aka fi sani da "primary") hauhawar jini na huhu ;
* 5% alpha 1-antitrypsin rashi ;
* 2% maye gurbin huhun da aka dasa a baya wanda ya gaza;
* 24% wasu dalilai, ciki har da bronchiectasis da sarcoidosis .

## Abubuwan da ba a yadda ayiba
Duk da kuma tsananin yanayin fitan numfashin majiyyaci, wasu dalilai ka iya sanya mara lafiyan cikin wani yanayi mai tsanani: 

* Cututtuka na yau da kullun (misali, gazawar zuciya, cututtukan koda, cutar hanta )
* Cututtuka na yanzu, gami da HIV da hepatitis
** Duk da haka, sau da yawa, marasa lafiya na hepatitis C duka ana dasa su kuma ana amfani da su azaman masu ba da gudummawa idan mai karɓa yana da ciwon hanta. Hakazalika, zaɓaɓɓun waɗanda suka kamu da cutar kanjamau sun sami dashen huhu bayan an tantance su bisa ga al'ada. 
* Ciwon daji na yanzu ko na baya-bayan nan
* Amfani da barasa na yanzu, taba ko haramtattun kwayoyi
* Shekaru
* Yanayin tabin hankali
* Tarihin rashin bin umarnin likita

## Tarihi
Tarihin dashen sassan jiki ya fara ne da yunƙuri da yawa waɗanda kuma ba su yi nasara ba saboda kin dasuwa na sassan jikin. Gwajin da akayi akan dabbobi daban-daban, ciki har da wasu likitoci kamar su: Vladimir Demikhov da Henry Metras,  a cikin shekarar 1940s da 1950s, sun fara nuna cewa tsarin yana yiwuwa a fasahan ce. James Hardy na Jami'ar Mississippi ya yi dashen huhun mutum na farko a ranar 11 ga Yuni, 1963 .    Bayan dashen huhu guda, majiyyacin, wanda aka gano daga baya a matsayin wanda aka yanke masa hukuncin kisa John Richard Russell,  ya rayu tsawon kwanaki 18. Daga 1963 zuwa 1978, yunƙurin dashen huhun da wanda da yawa ba'a yi nasara ba saboda ƙin yarda da matsaloli tare da warkarwa na anastomotic. Sai bayan da aka kirkiro na'urar huhu na zuciya, tare da haɓaka magungunan rigakafi irin su cyclosporin, shine ake iya dashen sassan jiki kamar huhu har mara lafiyan ya warke.

Nasarar dashen sassan jiki na farko da ya shafi huhu shine dashen zuciya da huhu, wanda Dokta Bruce Reitz na Jami'ar Stanford ya yi a shekarar 1981 a kan wata mace da ke fama da hauhawar jini na idiopathic .  

* 1983: Nasarar farko na dashen huhu ɗaya na dogon lokaci (Tom Hall) na Joel Cooper (Toronto) 
* 1986: Nasarar farko na dashen huhu biyu na dogon lokaci ( Ann Harrison ) na Joel D. Cooper (Toronto) 
* 1988: Nasarar farko na dogon lokaci na dashen huhu na huhu don cystic fibrosis na Joel Cooper (Toronto).

A cikin 1988, Vera Dwyer, wata mace daga County Sligo a Ireland, an gano ta da cutar huhu da ba za a iya warkewa ba, na yau da kullun da fibrotic. Daga baya a wannan shekarar, an yi mata dashen huhu guda ɗaya a Burtaniya. A watan Nuwamba 2018, an gane Ms. Dwyer a matsayin wacce akayi ma dashen huhu ɗaya mafi dadewa a duniya a wani taron da aka yi a Asibitin Mater a Dublin .  

## Abubuwan da ake bukata wajen Dashe

### Abubuwan buƙatu don masu ba da gudummawa
Akwai wasu abubuwa da ake bukata wajen masu ba da gudummawar huhu, saboda buƙatun yiyuwar mai karɓa. Dangane da masu ba da taimakon huhu, sannan kuma ana la’akari da yadda tiyatar za ta shafi mai bayarwa: 

* Lafiyayye
* Daidaita girman
** Huhu ko huhun da aka ba da gudummawa dole ne su zama babba don isassun iskar oxygen iskar da majiyyaci, amma ƙanƙanta da zai dace a cikin ramin ƙirjin mai karɓa.
* Shekaru
* Nau'in jini

### Abubuwan da ake bukata wajen masu karɓa don yiwuwar karɓa
Yayin da cibiyar dashe ke da 'yanci don saka nata sharuɗɗan masu neman dashen, an yarda da wasu buƙatu bai ɗaya: 

* Cutar huhu wacce take mataki na ƙarshe
* Ya bi dukkan hanyiyi na warkewa Amma ba'a samu nasara ba
* Babu wasu yanayi na rashin lafiya (misali, zuciya, koda, hanta)
** Wasu majinyata masu irin wadannan cututtuka, idan har yanayinsu ya inganta har ya kai ga samun kwanciyar hankali don tsira da aikin tiyata, ana ba su kebancewa- da yawa masu fama da cutar huhu na karshen zamani za su sami ciwo mai tsanani ko na yau da kullun a wasu gabobin. ;
* Babu cututtuka na yanzu ko ciwon daji na baya-bayan nan. Wasu marasa lafiya, bisa ga al'ada, masu ciwon huhu ko wasu cututtuka, ana iya ba da izini. Har illa yau, akwai wasu lokuta inda kamuwa da cuta da ya rigaya ya kasance ba zai iya yiwuwa ba, kamar yadda yawancin marasa lafiya da cystic fibrosis. A irin waɗannan lokuta, cibiyoyin dashe, bisa ga ra'ayin kansu, na iya karɓa ko ƙin yarda da marasa lafiya da ke da cututtukan *B. cepacia* ko *MRSA* a halin yanzu.
* Babu HIV ko hanta, ko da yake wasu masu karɓa masu irin nau'in hanta kamar yadda mai bayarwa zai iya samun huhu, da kuma mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV waɗanda za a iya kwantar da su kuma suna iya samun ƙananan ƙwayar cutar HIV na iya zama masu cancanta;
* Babu barasa, shan taba, ko shan miyagun ƙwayoyi (wasu mutanen da za su iya daina waɗannan halaye kuma suna bin magani ana iya ba su dama)
* A cikin kewayon nauyi yarda (alamar rashin abinci mai gina jiki ko kiba duka suna da alaƙa da haɓakar mace-mace)
* Shekaru (daya da biyu tx)
* Bayanan martaba na tunani mai karbuwa
* Yana da tsarin tallafi na zamantakewa
* Mai ikon iya biyan kuɗi don kashe kuɗi (inda majiyyaci ke biyan kulawar likita kai tsaye)
* Mai ikon bin tsarin tsarin dasawa. Dashen huhu babban aiki ne, kuma bayan dashen, dole ne majiyyaci ya kasance a shirye don bin tsarin magunguna na rayuwa da kuma ci gaba da kula da lafiya.

### Gwaje-gwajen likitanci ga masu yuyuwar neman Dashe
Marasa lafiyan da ake la'akari da su don sanyawa a cikin jerin masu dashen sassan jiki suna yin gwaje-gwaje masu yawa na likita don kimanta yanayin lafiyarsu gabaɗaya da dacewa da aikin tiyata. 

* Nau'in jini ; Dole ne nau'in jinin mai karɓa ya dace da na mai bayarwa, saboda antigens da ke cikin huhu da aka bayar. Rashin daidaituwar nau'in jinin na iya haifar wa Mai amsa rashin ƙarfi ta hanyar tsarin rigakafi da ƙin yarda da gabobin da aka dasa daga baya.
* Nau'in nama ; a zahiri, naman huhu shima zai yi daidai sosai tsakanin mai bayarwa da mai karɓa, amma sha'awar samun sashin mai ba da gudummawar da ya dace sosai dole ne a daidaita daidai da gaggawar buƙatun mara lafiya.
* X-ray na kirji - PA & LAT, don tabbatar da girman huhu da kogon kirji
* Gwajin aikin huhu
* CT Scan (High Resolution Thoracic & Abdominal)
* Duban ma'adinan kashi
* MUGA (Gated cardiac blood pool scan)
* Gwajin damuwa na zuciya (Dobutamine/Thallium scan)
* Duban iska/perfusion (V/Q).
* Electrocardiogram
* Catheterization na zuciya
* Echocardiogram

### Makin rabon huhu
Kafin shekarar 2005, Ƙungiyar Sadarwa ta United Network don Rarraba gabobin jiki ta keɓe huhun masu ba da gudummawa a cikin Amurka bisa ga farkon zuwa, da aka fara yi wa marasa lafiya a cikin jerin dasawa. An maye gurbin wannan da tsarin da ake amfani da shi a halin yanzu, wanda masu zuwa masu shayarwa masu shekaru 12 zuwa sama suna sanya ma'aunin rabon huhu ko LAS, wanda ke yin la'akari da ma'auni daban-daban na lafiyar majiyyaci. Sabon tsarin ya ware huhu da aka ba da gudummawa su bisa ga masu buƙata da gaggawa maimakon tsawon lokacin da majiyyaci ya kasance a cikin jadawalin jerin masu bukatan dashen. Har yanzu ana ba majinyatan da ba su kai shekara 12 ba fifiko dangane da tsawon lokacin da suka yi a cikin jerin masu jiran dashen. Tsawon lokacin da aka kwashe wajen  jira shine abunda ake dubawa kafin yanke hukunci a lokacin da majinyata da yawa ke da bukatan huhu iri ɗaya.

Marasa lafia da aka gwada kuma aka tabbatar da yiwuwar samun narasa akan rashin lafiyan su, ana basu takarda su rike tare da su a kowane lokaci akan jiran mai ba da gudummawa idan ya samu. Waɗannan majiyyatan kuma dole ne su kasance cikin shiri don ƙaura zuwa zaɓaɓɓen cibiyar da aka zaɓa a cikin sanarwa na ɗan lokaci. Ana iya ƙarfafa irin waɗannan marasa lafiya su iyakance tafiye-tafiyensu a cikin wani yanki na yanki don sauƙaƙe jigilar gaggawa zuwa cibiyar dasawa.

## Nau'in dashen huhu

### Lobe
Dashen lobe tiyata ne da ake cire wani ɓangaren huhun mai bayarwa mai rai ko wanda ya mutu kuma a yi amfani da shi don maye gurbin huhu mara lafiya. A cikin gudummawar rayuwa, wannan hanya tana buƙatar gudummawar lobes daga mutane biyu daban-daban, maye gurbin huhu a kowane gefen mai karɓa. Masu ba da gudummawa waɗanda aka bincike su da kyau yakamata su sami damar kula da rayuwar yau da kullun duk da raguwar ƙarar huhu. A cikin dashen lobar da ya mutu, mai ba da gudummawa ɗaya zai iya samar da lobes biyu.

### Huhu ɗaya
Ana kuma iya taimaka wa marasa lafiya da yawa ta hanyar dashen huhun lafiyayye guda ɗaya. Huhun da ake ba da gudummawa ana so fito ne daga mai bayarwa wanda aka ce kwakwalwarsa ta mutu.

### Huhu biyu
Wasu marasa lafiya na iya buƙatar maye gurbin huhu biyu. Wannan shi ne batun musamman ga mutanen da ke fama da cystic fibrosis, saboda ƙwayar cutar da ake samu a cikin irin waɗannan huhun marasa lafiyan; idan huhun daya kawai aka dasa, kwayoyin cutar  da ke cikin huhun na asali zasu iya cutar da sabuwar huhun da aka dasa.

### Zuciya - huhu
Wasu marasa lafiya na numfashi na iya samun ciwon zuciya mai tsanani wanda zai buƙaci a dasa musu zuciya. Ana iya jinyar waɗannan marasa lafiya ta hanyar tiyatar da ake maye gurbin huhu da zuciya da sassan jiki daga mai bayarwa ko masu ba da gudummawa.

Misalin da ya shafi irin wannan aikin ana kiran shi da"domino transplant" a cikin kafofin yada labarai. An fara yin shi a shekarar 1987, irin wannan dashen zuciyar da na huhu ya kunshi mai bayarwa na A, wanda aka cire nasa lafiyayyan zuciyarsa kuma aka dasa ma mai karɓa na B. 

## Tsari
Bayanai na yadda zaa gudanar da tiyatan ya dogara ne da irin nau'in dashen, matakai da yawa sun saba da duk waɗannan hanyoyin. Kafin yin aiki a kan mai karɓa, likitan da aka saka yana duba huhun (s) masu bayarwa don alamun lalacewa ko cuta. Idan an yarda da huhu, to, an haɗa mai karɓa zuwa layin IV da kayan aikin kulawa daban-daban, ciki har da pulse oximetry . Za a yi wa majinyaci maganin barci gabaɗaya, kuma injin zai hura masa numfashi. 

Yana ɗaukar kimanin sa'a ɗaya don shiriya majinyaci kafin fara tiyata. Dashen huhu ɗaya yana ɗaukar kimanin sa'o'i huɗu zuwa takwas, yayin da dashen huhu biyu yana ɗaukar kimanin sa'o'i shida zuwa goma sha biyu don kammalawa. Idan antaba ma majinyaci  tiyatar ƙirjin na iya rikitar da aikin kuma ya buƙaci ƙarin lokaci. 

### Huhu ɗaya

A cikin dashen huhu guda ɗaya, an zaɓi huhu tare da mafi munin aikin huhu don maye gurbin. Idan duka huhun suna aiki daidai, to, huhu na banfaren dama ya fi son cirewa saboda yana guje wa yin motsi a cikin zuciya, kamar yadda ake buƙata don cire huhun hagu. 

A cikin dashen huhu guda ɗaya tsarin yana farawa bayan an bincika huhun mai bayarwa kuma an yanke shawarar karɓar huhun mai badawa. Anan katsewa ne daga ƙarƙashin kafada a kusa da ƙirji, yana ƙarewa kusa da sternum. Wata hanya ta daban ta ƙunshi ɓarna a ƙarƙashin ƙashin ƙirjin.  Idan aka yi dashen huhu guda ɗaya huhun ya ruguje, an daure tasoshin jini a cikin huhu, an cire huhu a bututun mai . An sanya huhun mai ba da gudummawa, an sake haɗa magudanar jini da bututun buroshi, kuma huhu ya sake hurawa. Don tabbatar da huhu yana da gamsarwa kuma don share duk sauran jini da ƙumburi a cikin sabon huhu za a yi bronchoscopy . Lokacin da likitocin fiɗa suka gamsu da aikin huhu za a rufe ɓarnar ƙirjin.

### Huhu biyu
Dashen huhu sau biyu, wanda kuma aka sani da dasawa biyu, ana iya yin shi ko dai a jere, ko kuma a lokaci guda. Jeri ya fi kowa fiye da en block.  Wannan yayi daidai da yin dashen huhu guda biyu daban-daban.

Aikin dashen na farawa ne bayan an duba huhun masu ba da gudummawa kuma an yanke shawarar dasawa. Ana yin wani yanki daga ƙarƙashin hammata na majiyyaci, a kusa da kashin kashin baya, sa'an nan kuma a koma zuwa ɗayan hammata; wannan shi ake kira da clamshell incision. A cikin yanayin dashen dasawa da huhun mai karɓa tare da mafi ƙarancin ayyukan huhu ya ruguje, an ɗaure tasoshin jini, kuma a yanke a madaidaicin bronchi . Daga nan sai a sanya sabon huhu sannan a sake manne hanyoyin jini. Don tabbatar da huhu ya gamsu kafin a dasa sauran an yi bronchoscopy . Lokacin da likitocin fiɗa suka gamsu da aikin sabon huhu, aikin tiyata a huhun na biyu zai ci gaba. A cikin kashi 10 zuwa 20% na dashen huhu sau biyu an haɗa majinyacin zuwa injin huhun zuciya wanda ke fitar da jini ga jiki kuma yana samar da iskar oxygen. 

## Kulawar bayan tiyata
Nan da nan bayan tiyata, ana sanya majiyyaci a cikin sashin kulawa mai zurfi don kulawa, yawanci na ƴan kwanaki. An sanya majiyyaci a kan na'urar iska don taimakawa numfashi. Gabaɗaya ana biyan bukatun abinci ta hanyar abinci mai gina jiki na mahaifa gabaɗaya, kodayake a wasu lokuta bututun nasogastric ya isa don ciyarwa. Ana kuma saka bututun ƙirji a ciki domin a cire ruwa mai yawa . Domin an killace majiyyaci a gado, ana amfani da catheter na fitsari . Ana amfani da layin IV a cikin wuyansa da hannu don saka idanu da ba da magunguna.  Bayan ƴan kwanaki, hana duk wani rikitarwa, ana iya tura majiyyaci zuwa babban asibitin marasa lafiya don ƙarin murmurewa. Matsakaicin zaman asibiti bayan dashen huhu shine gabaɗaya mako ɗaya zuwa uku, kodayake rikitarwa na iya buƙatar dogon lokaci.  Bayan wannan matakin, yawanci ana buƙatar marasa lafiya su halarci wurin motsa jiki na kusan watanni 3 don dawo da lafiya. Ma'aunin nauyi, keken motsa jiki, injin tuƙi, shimfiɗa da ƙari duk wani ɓangare ne na shirin gyarawa.

Ana iya samun illoli da dama bayan tiyatar. Saboda an yanke wasu hanyoyin haɗin jijiyoyi zuwa huhu yayin aikin, masu karɓar dashen ba za su iya jin sha'awar tari ko jin lokacin da sababbin huhun su ke damun cunkoso ba. Don haka dole ne su yi ƙoƙari na hankali don ɗaukar numfashi mai zurfi da tari don kawar da ɓoye daga huhu.  Yawan bugun zuciyar su baya saurin amsawa ga aikin motsa jiki saboda yanke jijiyar vagus wanda yawanci zai taimaka wajen daidaita shi.  Hakanan suna iya lura da canjin muryarsu saboda yuwuwar lahani ga jijiyoyi masu daidaita sautin murya . 

Shaidu sun nuna cewa motsa jiki na iya taimakawa wajen hanzarta farfadowar jiki a cikin manya bayan dashen huhu, yana taimakawa rage nakasa daga rashin aiki na jiki, duka kafin da kuma bayan dasawa.  Koyaya, babu cikakkun jagororin kan yadda yakamata a yi motsa jiki a cikin wannan nau'in yawan jama'a. 

Sakamakon da aka samu daga Binciken Tsare-tsare na shekarar 2021 ya kammala da cewa tasirin motsa jiki a cikin wannan yawan mutane har yanzu suna da matukar tambaya.  Yayin da wasu nazarin ke ba da rahoton fa'idodin da aka samu daga motsa jiki, yayin da wasu ba su cimma matsaya ɗaya ba.  Duk da haka, labaran da ke cikin wannan bita na yau da kullum sun ba da rahoton haɓakawa a cikin ƙarfin tsoka da ƙara yawan ma'adinai na kashi da kuma ingantawa a cikin 6MWT. 

## Daban-daban
Ana kuma gudanar da marasa lafiya bayan dasawa daga tuki na watanni 3 na farko suna jiran tantance ƙarfin mai haƙuri don tuƙi; Ana yawan yin wannan kima ta hanyar likitan kwantar da hankali . Gani, ikon jiki don yin ayyuka masu sauƙi kamar duba wuraren makafi, sanya bel ɗin kujera lafiya ba tare da an shafa wurin rauni ba da daidaitawar ido na hannu duk an tantance.

Tsafta ya zama mafi mahimmanci a rayuwar yau da kullun saboda magungunan rigakafi waɗanda ake buƙata kowace rana don hana ƙin dasawa. Rashin tsarin garkuwar jiki mai ƙarfi yana barin masu dashen dashe cikin haɗari ga cututtuka. Dole ne a kula da shirye-shiryen abinci da tsaftacewa yayin da gastroenteritis ya zama mafi haɗari.

## Hatsari

Kamar kowane aikin tiyata, akwai haɗarin zubar jini da kamuwa da cuta. Sabuwar huhun da aka dasa kanta na iya kasa waraka da aiki yadda ya kamata. Saboda babban sashi na jikin mai haƙuri ya fallasa zuwa iska ta waje, sepsis yana yiwuwa, don haka za a ba da maganin rigakafi don ƙoƙarin hana hakan. Sauran rikice-rikice sun haɗa da rikice-rikice na lymphoproliferative post-transplant, wani nau'i na lymphoma saboda masu hana rigakafi, da kumburin gastrointestinal da ciwon ciki da kuma esophagus.

Kin amincewa da dasawa shine babban abin damuwa, nan da nan bayan tiyata da kuma ci gaba a tsawon rayuwar majiyyaci. Saboda huhu ko huhu da aka dasa ya fito daga wani mutum, tsarin garkuwar jikin mai karɓa zai gan shi a matsayin mamaya kuma yana ƙoƙarin kawar da shi. Kin dasawa wani yanayi ne mai tsanani kuma dole ne a yi maganinsa da wuri-wuri.

Alamomin kin amincewa: 

* zazzabi ;
* alamun mura, gami da sanyi, tashin hankali, tashin zuciya, ji na rashin lafiya gabaɗaya, gumin dare;
* ƙãra wahalar numfashi;
* mummunan sakamakon gwajin huhu;
* ƙara yawan ciwon kirji ko taushi;
* karuwa ko raguwa a cikin nauyin jiki fiye da kilo biyu a cikin sa'o'i 24.

Don hana ƙin dasawa da lalacewa na gaba ga sabon huhu ko huhu, dole ne marasa lafiya su ɗauki tsarin rigakafi na rigakafi . Yawancin lokaci marasa lafiya za su sha haɗin waɗannan magungunan don yaƙar haɗarin ƙi. Wannan alƙawari ne na rayuwa, kuma dole ne a bi shi sosai. An fara tsarin rigakafin rigakafi kafin ko bayan tiyata. Yawancin lokaci tsarin ya hada da cyclosporin, azathioprine da corticosteroids, amma kamar yadda abubuwan kin amincewa na iya sake faruwa a duk tsawon rayuwar mai haƙuri, ainihin zaɓaɓɓu da adadin maganin rigakafi na iya zama dole a canza su cikin lokaci. Wani lokaci ana ba da tacrolimus maimakon ciclosporin da mycophenolate mofetil maimakon azathioprine.

Magungunan rigakafi waɗanda ake buƙata don hana ƙin yarda da gabobin jiki suma suna gabatar da wasu haɗari. Ta hanyar rage ƙarfin jiki don hawan maganin rigakafi, waɗannan magungunan kuma suna ƙara yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta. Ana iya rubuta maganin rigakafi don magance ko hana irin waɗannan cututtuka. Bi da bi, kamuwa da cuta na iya ƙara haɗarin ƙin yarda, kuma gabaɗaya hulɗa na iya yin tasiri tsakanin haɗarin biyu.  Wasu magunguna na iya samun nephrotoxic ko wasu lahani masu lahani. Hakanan ana iya rubuta wasu magunguna don taimakawa rage waɗannan illolin. Hakanan akwai haɗarin cewa majiyyaci na iya samun rashin lafiyar magungunan. Ana buƙatar kulawa ta kusa don daidaita fa'idodin waɗannan magungunan tare da haɗarin haɗari.

Kin amincewa na lokaci-lokaci, ma'ana maimaita bayyanar cututtuka na kin amincewa fiye da shekara ta farko bayan tiyatar dasawa, yana faruwa a kusan kashi 50% na marasa lafiya.  Irin wannan rashin amincewa na yau da kullum yana gabatar da kansa a matsayin bronchiolitis obliterans, ko žasa akai-akai, atherosclerosis . 

## Hasashen
Waɗannan ƙididdiga sun dogara ne akan bayanai daga 2008. Bayanan tushe ba su da bambanci tsakanin gabobin masu ba da agaji masu rai da matattu, haka kuma ba a bambanta tsakanin lobar, guda ɗaya, da dashen huhu biyu ba. 

Huhun da aka dasa yakan wuce shekaru uku zuwa biyar kafin a nuna alamun gazawa.

Nazarin ƙungiyar 2019 na kusan masu karɓar dashen huhu 10,000 a cikin Amurka sun nuna ingantaccen ingantaccen rayuwa na dogon lokaci ta amfani da sirolimus + tacrolimus (tsakanin rayuwa na shekaru 8.9) maimakon mycophenolate mofetil + tacrolimus (tsakiyar rayuwa shekaru 7.1) bayan fara rigakafin rigakafi a shekara guda. dashi. Tunda ba a gudanar da sirolimus har sai aƙalla watanni 3-12 bayan dasawa, waɗannan ƙididdiga na rayuwa na tsaka-tsaki sun kasance da sharadi na rayuwa na shekara 1 bayan dasawa. 

## Duba kuma

* Sarah Murnaghan rigimar dashen huhu
* Ma'aunin tsira bayan dasawa

## Manazarta


## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Lung transplantation
* United Network for Organ Sharing
* International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation
* Lung Transplant Foundation