open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Zhang Henshui

**Zhang Henshui** (: 张恨水; : Chang Hen-shui; Mayu 18, 1895 - Fabrairu 15, 1967) shine sunan alkalami na **Zhang Xinyuan** (张心远), sanannen marubuci litattafan kasar Sin. Ya wallafa litattafai sama da 100 a cikin shekaru 50 na rubuce-rubucen almara.

## Rayuwa ta farko
A ranar 18 ga Mayu, 1895, an haifi Zhang a Nanchang, Lardin Jiangxi, kasar Sin. Zhang ta yi karatu har zuwa shekara 16 a Suzhou, China. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, mahaifin Zhang ya mutu. Zhang ya koma Qianshan, Anhui, gidan kakanninsa.

## Ayyuka
An ƙware shi a cikin wallafe-wallafen gargajiya (*baihua*) tun yana saurayi, ya fara yin rubutu a cikin *zhanghui xiaoshuo* (章回小说), litattafan da aka rubuta a cikin salon gargajiya ta amfani da waƙoƙin Sinanci na gargajiya a matsayin jigogi na babi.

Zhang ya fara rubuce-rubuce a matsayin abin sha'awa. Na farko daga cikin litattafansa da aka tsara shi ne A Pining Song for the Southern Country (南国相思谱, , 1919). Bayan ya tashi zuwa Beijing a 1919 don yin aiki a matsayin editan jarida, babban aikinsa na farko, *Tarihin da ba na hukuma ba na Beijing* (春明外史, *Chunming Waishi*, 1929), an tsara shi tsakanin 1924 da 1929. Ya kasance babban nasara kuma ya kafa shi a matsayin fitaccen marubucin littafi na ƙarni. Ayyukansa masu ban sha'awa A Family of Distinction (金粉世家, *Jinfen shijia*, 1927-32) da Fate in Tears and Laughter (*Tixiao Yinyuan*, 1930) sun fi dacewa da shiryawa fiye da littattafan da suka gabata. A lokacin da ya shahara ya yi aiki a lokaci guda a kan litattafai shida a kan jerin abubuwa, a tsakanin aikinsa a matsayin manema labarai da edita.

## Ayyuka

### Ayyukan da aka fassara

* Makomar a cikin hawaye da dariya, trans. Sally Borthwick ce ta wallafa 
* Shanghai Express: Littafin shekaru talatin, trans. William A. Lyell (Honolulu: Jami'ar Hawaii Press, 1997).

## Rayuwa ta mutum
A ranar 15 ga Fabrairu, 1967, Zhang ya mutu daga zubar da jini a kwakwalwa yayin da yake fitowa daga gado a Beijing, China.

## Sauye-sauyen kafofin watsa labarai
Wasu jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin sun dogara ne akan ayyukan Zhang. An daidaita A Family of Distinction aƙalla sau biyu, sau ɗaya a cikin shekarun 1980, lokacin da mai watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin na Hong Kong Television Broadcasts Limited ya samar da jerin Yesterday's Glitter,  kuma a cikin shekarun 2000, tare da jerin shirye-shirye na Mainland China The Story of a Noble Family.

## Manazarta
Hugh Bromell

**Hugh Bromell** (an haife shi a ranar 2 ga Janairu 1942) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Australiya wanda ya buga wasa da Melbourne a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Victorian (VFL).[1]

## Bayanan kula

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Hugh Bromell's playing statistics from AFL Tables
Zhang Jingsheng

**Zhang Jingsheng** (20 Fabrairu 1888 - 18 Yuni 1970) masanin falsafa ne kuma Masanin ilimin jima'i na kasar Sin. An haife shi **Zhang Jiangliu** ga dangin 'yan kasuwa a Raoping County a gabashin Guangzhou, Zhang ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Whampoa, inda ya zama mai goyon bayan masu juyin juya halin Tongmenghui. Bayan an kore shi daga Whampoa, ya sadu da shugaban Tongmenghui Sun Yat-sen kuma ya shiga Jami'ar Imperial ta Peking . Ya zama mai ba da shawara game da ra'ayoyin Turai na zamantakewar Darwinism, wariyar launin fata na kimiyya, da eugenics, yana canza sunansa zuwa Jingsheng, "gwagwarmaya don tsira". Ya kasance memba mai aiki na ƙungiyar Tongmenghui ta Beijing tare da Wang Jingwei, amma ya ki zama dan siyasa bayan Juyin Juya Halin 1911, a maimakon haka ya yi karatu a Faransa.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
A ranar 20 ga Fabrairu 1888, an haifi Zhang Jiangliu (张江流) a ƙauyen Darongpu, garin Fubin , a cikin Gundumar Raoping, wani karkara a gabashin Guangzhou . Shi ne ɗa na uku a cikin iyalin 'yan kasuwa masu arziki. Kafin ya zauna a yankunan karkara na Guangzhou, mahaifinsa Zhang Zhihe da kakansa Zhang Xiangruo sun kasance masu cinikin kasar Sin masu arziki a Malaysia, Vietnam, da Singapore. Mahaifin Zhang ya ɗauki Ƙwaraƙwarar lokacin da Zhang yake matashi, wanda ya haifar da babban rarrabuwa da rikici a cikin iyalinsa. A lokacin Qing, samun ƙwaraƙwarai hanya ce ta yau da kullun don nuna dukiyar mutum.

### Ilimi na kwaleji
An ƙi Zhang don tallafin gwamnati don karatu a kasashen waje, kuma ya zama mai tawaye da makarantar. Ya yanke sahunsa (gashin gashi da gwamnatin Qing ta ba da umarni) kuma ya ba da shawarar cewa wasu abokan aji su yi haka. Da yake fushi da sabis na abinci na makarantar, wanda ya yi iƙirarin ya hukunta masu cin abinci a hankali, sai ya shirya zanga-zanga tare da abokin aji. Bayan an dakatar da su duka na shekara guda, sun bi shawarar Zhao kuma suka yi tafiya zuwa Singapore don saduwa da shugaban Tongmenghui Sun Yat-sen. Sun da mai juyin juya hali Hu Hanmin sun shawarci Zhang ya koma kasar Sin, ya halarci kwalejin soja, kuma ya shiga sabuwar rundunar Qing.

### Ayyukan juyin juya hali da nazarin kasashen waje
Zhang ya zama mai aiki a cikin tantanin Tianjin-Beijing na Tongmenghui, inda ya kasance kusa da Wang Jingwei da budurwarsa Chen Bijun, tare da wasu fitattun masu juyin juya yaƙi kamar Wu Zhihui da Zhang Ji . Bayan da aka kama Wang a cikin wani makirci da ya gaza don kashe Yarima Qing mai mulki Zaifeng, Zhang ya tara kudi don shirin fita daga kurkuku. Zhang ya kammala karatu a 1911, jim kadan kafin barkewar Juyin Juya Halin Xinhai, inda Tongmenghui ya hambarar da daular Qing kuma ya kafa jamhuriya Sin. A shekara mai zuwa, Sun Yat-sen ya nada shi ya yi aiki a karkashin Wang a matsayin jami'i a Taron Arewa-Kudanci, taron zaman lafiya a Shanghai tare da jagorancin Sojojin Beiyang Janar Yuan Shikai. Zhang ya rubuta a cikin tarihinsa cewa babu wani daga cikin mutanen da ke cikin tattaunawar zaman lafiya "ya fahimci irin nau'in jamhuriya ce", yana zargin wannan ga mulkin Yuan Shikai da ya biyo baya da kuma fadawa cikin warlordism a cikin shekaru masu zuwa.

## Manazarta
Zhang Shengquan

**Zhang Shengquan** (Sinanci: 张盛泉),wanda aka fi sani da **Datong Da Zhang** (Sinansi: 大同大张), ya kasance fitaccen mutum a cikin fasahar zamani ta kasar Sin, wanda aka sani da fasaharsa a kan batutuwa na warewa da gwagwarmaya. Ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan mambobi a cikin ƙungiyar fasaha ta W·R. 

## Rayuwa ta farko; aikin fasaha
An haifi Zhang a shekara ta 1955 a lardin Hebei . A shekara ta 1970, ya shiga aikin soja a Yunnan . Bayan shekaru hudu na aikin soja, Zhang ya koma Datong kuma ya fara aiki a banki; a halin yanzu ya fara bincika fannoni daban-daban na fasaha, gami da kiɗa da zane, kuma ya zurfafa cikin tarihin fasaha da falsafar. 

A ƙarshen shekarun 1980, ya kafa ƙungiyar fasaha ta W·R a Datong, wacce aka sani da nune-nunen waje. Ayyukan ƙungiyar galibi suna taɓa jigogi na rayuwa da gwagwarmaya, suna nuna tsananin Zhang kuma wani lokacin rikice-rikice game da fasaha.

A shekara ta 1989, Zhang da ƙungiyarsa sun sami kulawa saboda sa hannun da ba a ba da izini ba a Nunin Fasaha na zamani na farko a kasar Sin. Duk da kokarin da suka yi, kungiyar ta yi gwagwarmaya don samun karbuwa da karɓa a cikin masana'antun fasaha na zamani a Beijing.

A cikin shekarun 1990s, Zhang ya ci gaba da bincikensa a cikin nau'ikan fasaha daban-daban, gami da zane, zane-zane, zane-zanen wasan kwaikwayo, da shayari. Ya fara aikin da ya kira "Mail Art", inda ya aika da zane-zane da ra'ayoyi ga masu fasaha da masu sukar a duk faɗin ƙasar, yana neman shiga da tattaunawa.

A shekara ta 2000, yana da shekaru 45, Zhang ya ƙare rayuwarsa a cikin abin da ya bayyana a matsayin aikinsa na karshe na wasan kwaikwayo. Bayan mutuwarsa, waƙoƙinsa, shawarwarin shigarwa, da bayanin kula an tattara su da kyau kuma an buga su ta hanyar mai sukar fasaha Wen Pulin.

## Zaɓuɓɓukan nune-nunen

* 1986 - Datong, China - Gidan Tarihi na Datong - *Duniya ta - Nunin Hoton Man Fetur* (ƙungiya) 
* 1993 - Beijing, China - Gidan Ammoniya, W·R Group '93 Nuni 
* 2009 - Beijing, China - Gidan Tarihi na Wall, Tafiya ta Mutuwa - WR Group Nuni na Gidauniyar 
* 2015 - Shanghai, China - Tashar Wutar Lantarki, *Datong Dazhang* 

## Manazarta
Bruce Bishop

**Bruce Edward Bishop** (25 ga Agusta 1925 &#x2013; 20 ga Mayu 2008) ɗan kasuwa ne kuma ɗan siyasa ɗan ƙasar Ostiraliya. Ya kasance memba na Jam'iyyar Liberal a Majalisar Dokokin Queensland daga 1977 zuwa 1980, yana wakiltar masu zaɓen Surfers Paradise. Ya kuma kasance fitaccen memba na Majalisar Birnin Gold Coast a shekarun 1970.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Bishop a garin Maffra na karkara na Victorian kuma ya yi karatu a Makarantar Jihar Romsey da Kwalejin Geelong . Ya yi aiki a matsayin Matukin Jirgin Ruwa na Able a Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Royal Australian daga 1944 zuwa 1946, kuma an tura shi zuwa HMAS Hobart. Ya goyi bayan saukar jiragen ruwa a Tarakan a Borneo da Wewak a Papua New Guinea, ya shiga ayyukan da ke gabar Brunei da Balikpapan, kuma yana nan a gabar tekun Tokyo a lokacin da Japan ta mika wuya. Bayan ya bar rundunar sojin ruwa a shekarar 1946, ya yi aiki da Wells Organization, wata kungiya ta kasa da kasa da ke taimaka wa coci-coci wajen tara kudi daga membobinsu, sannan ya yi aiki a Hukumar Kula da Wutar Lantarki ta Jihar Victoria na wani lokaci. 

Bishop ya koma Queensland a shekarar 1959, kuma da farko ya yi aiki da wani coci a yankin. Daga baya ya buɗe wani kasuwancin kayan sawa na maza mai nasara, tare da shaguna a Surfers Paradise, Broadbeach, da Southport, daga baya ya faɗaɗa zuwa ga kasuwancin hayar bidiyo da hayar kayan daki. An zaɓe shi shugaban ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta Surfers Paradise a shekarar 1970 - na farko a cikin tarihin da ya taɓa riƙe wannan muƙami sau shida. A shekarar 1973, an zaɓe shi a Majalisar Birnin Gold Coast, ya yi aiki har zuwa lokacin da aka zaɓe shi a majalisar jiha. Ya kuma kasance mai himma a cikin Jam'iyyar Liberal, yana aiki a matsayin shugaba da sakatare na reshensa na gida da kuma memba na zartarwa na jam'iyyar.[1] [2]

## Manazarta
Zhang Xinxiang

**Zhang Xinxiang** (an haife shi **Teo Boon Seong** a ranar 27 ga Afrilu 1967),  wanda aka fi sani da **Zhang Wenxiang**, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma ɗan kasuwa na Singapore.

## Rayuwa ta farko da aiki
Ɗansa na fari a cikin iyalinsa, Zhang ya fara yin wasan kwaikwayo a shekarar 1989 − aikinsa na farko na cikakken lokaci bayan kammala aikin soja na tilas. Ya shiga cikin sauraron Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Singapore (SBC) kuma ya halarci darussan horar da su yayin da yake aiki a gefe a matsayin mai ba da abinci na 'yan watanni kafin SBC ta ba shi kwangilar shekaru biyu. Ya bar gidan talabijin a 1995 don mayar da hankali kan kasuwancinsa na ƙaramin kasuwa kuma ya dawo ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da tashar a 2004. Tun daga wannan lokacin ya zama mai zaman kansa.

A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1991, Zhang ya auri budurwarsa mai shekaru 4, Zheng Xiuzhu, yana da shekaru 24. Suna da 'ya'ya biyu. Da yake son ci gaba da kasancewa mai ƙarancin matsayi a waje da aikinsa na wasan kwaikwayo a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, Zhang ya ki yin magana game da iyalinsa a cikin tambayoyin, yana mai cewa "yana farin ciki da yin magana game le aikinsa ko ayyukansa kuma  tunanin mutane suna da sha'awar sanin game da rayuwarsa ta sirri".

Zhang a baya ya yi amfani da sunan mataki na kasar Sin 张汶祥 (Zhāng Wénxiáng). A ƙarshen 2016, Zhang ya canza sunan sa na kasar Sin zuwa Zhang Xinxiang (张信祥).

## Hotunan fina-finai
Zhang ta bayyana a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin da fina-finai da yawa.

## Manazarta
Zhou Keqin

**Zhou Keqin** (Chinese: 周克芹; pinyin: Zhōu Kèqín; 1937 – August 5, 1990) was a Chinese writer regarded as a representative of Scar literature. Born in Jianyang, Sichuan, he is famous in China for the 1979 novel *Xu Mao and His Daughters*, which was made into a movie in 1981 and which also won him the first-time Mao Dun Literature Prize, a prestigious literary award.

Zhou ya kammala karatu daga Makarantar Fasaha ta Aikin Gona ta Chengdu a 1958 sannan ya zama manomi a garinsu. Ya buga aikinsa na farko, *A cikin Rijiyar*, a 1963. Bayan haka, ya wallafa gajerun labaru da yawa a cikin jaridu. A shekara ta 1979, ya kammala littafin *Xu Mao da 'ya'yansa mata*, kimanin haruffa 200,000 a tsawon, wanda, a cikin salon gaskiya, ya nuna rayuwar dangin manomi a cikin ƙauyen da aka ɓace kuma ya nuna tasirin manufofin karkara da yawa akan iyali. Zhou ya zama sanannen marubuci a duk faɗin ƙasar Sin don wannan littafin kuma an dauke shi daya daga cikin manyan mutane a cikin Scar Literature.

Zhou ya zama mataimakin shugaban kungiyar marubuta ta Sichuan a shekarar 1984 kuma daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na kungiyar marubuta na kasar Sin ta 4.

## Mutuwa
Ya mutu a ranar 5 ga Agusta, 1990, a Chengdu, yana da shekaru 53.

## Manazarta
David Barkley (footballer)

**David Barkley** (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Yuni 1950) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Australiya wanda ya buga wa Geelong wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Victorian (wanda yanzu ake kira da gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Australiya).[1]

## Manazarta
Alec Birrell

**William Alexander Hamilton Birrell** (24 Janairu 1885 - 11 Mayu 1948) likita ne kuma ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa na Australiya wanda ya buga wa Jami'a wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Victorian (VFL). 

An haifi Alec Birrell, babban ɗa ga Albert Veit Birrell da Christina Matheson, a Laen (kusa da Donald, Victoria ) kuma ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Geelong inda ya kasance fitaccen memba na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta makaranta. 

Ya ci gaba da karatun likitanci a Jami'ar Melbourne  kuma a lokacin karatunsa na ɗalibi an ƙara masa matsayi daga daƙiƙa zuwa buga wasa ɗaya na VFL a Jami'ar da South Melbourne a zagaye na farko na kakar VFL ta 1911. 

Bayan kammala karatunsa a matsayin likita a shekarar 1914, ya yi aiki tare da rundunar sojojin ruwa ta 20 Light Horse da kuma rundunar sojojin ruwa ta Birtaniya a yakin duniya na daya [undefined] Bayan dawowarsa Australia, Birrell ya yi aiki a Nathalia tsawon shekaru da dama. [undefined] Birrell kuma ya kasance mataimakin shugaban kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Nathalia a shekarar 1923.[1]

Daga baya an kawo Birrell zuwa asibitin likitanci a Cheltenham, Victoria a shekarar 1927.

A shekarar 1920, ya auri Mary Adela Lane  kuma sun haifi 'ya'ya uku tare. Ya mutu a Asibitin Komawa Gida da ke Heidelberg a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1948. 

## Manazarta
Zhou Libo (marubuci)

**Zhou Libo** (Sinanci: 周立波; : ; 9 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1908 - 25 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1979) marubuci ne kuma mai fassara a kasar Sin.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Zhou Zhou Shaoyi (Sinanci) a Yiyang, Hunan a ranar 9 ga watan Agusta 1908. Ya fara amfani da sunan Libo, wanda sauti shine kamanceceniya da kalmar Ingilishi "yanci", a cikin 1930. Zhou ya koya wa kansa Turanci, sannan ya fassara wasu fassarar Turanci na litattafan Soviet. An daure shi saboda ya goyi bayan yajin aikin ma'aikata a 1932, a lokacin da aka sake shi ya shiga League of the Left-Wing Writers a 1934 da kuma Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta kasar Sin a 1935.  Ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto game da yaki a lokacin 1937-38, kuma mai fassara ga Agnes Smedley a halin yanzu. Daga nan sai ya tafi Yan'an kuma ya yi aiki a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Lu Xun (R迅 Art Academy) a shekara ta 1939. 

Littafin Zhou na 1948 Hurricane ya zama sanannen labari na gwagwarmayar aji. Zhou ya sami lambar yabo ta Stalin ta uku a shekarar 1951 don littafin. 

## Ayyuka

* 暴風雨骤雨 (Baofeng zhouyu) 1948, wanda aka fassara a matsayin The Hurricane (Hsu Meng-Hsiung ne ya fassara shi. Hotuna na Ku Yuan.) Peking: Foreign Languages Press, 1955.
* Babban tsaunin tsaunuka (Shanxiang jubian), 1958. An fassara shi a matsayin *Babban Canje-canje a cikin ƙauyen dutse* (Peking: Foreign Languages Press, 1961).

## Manazarta
Henna Goudzand Nahar

Henna Goudzand Nahar (an haife ta a ranar 28 ga Disamba, 1953) marubuciya ce kuma 'yar jarida a ƙasar Surinam. Ta rubuta a ƙarƙashin sunayen Amber da Amber Nahar .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Henna Goudzand Nahar a Paramaribo, Suriname, a shekarar 1953.   Ta bayyana kanta a matsayin 'yar Afirka, tare da wasu zuri'un 'yan China, Turai, Yahudawa, da 'yan asalin ƙasar.  Mahaifinta, malami, ya ba ta damar sanin adabin Dutch da Surinamese tun tana ƙarama, kuma ta fara rubutu tun tana ƙarama. 

A lokacin da take ƙarama, ta yi aiki a matsayin malamar Dutch a garinsu.  Sannan, a shekarar 1989, ta ƙaura zuwa Netherlands, inda ta ci gaba da koyar da Dutch a Amsterdam har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya.    

Goudzand Nahar ya buga labaru a cikin mujallar mata ta Surinamese *Brasa*, da kuma a cikin wallafe-wallafen *Preludium* (1988), *De Gids* (1990), da *De Groene Amsterdammer* (1992).  Rubutun nata kuma ya bayyana a cikin tarihin tarihin *Verhalen van Surinamse schrijvers* (1989), *Hoor die tori!* (1990), *Sirito* (1993), da *Mama Sranan; 200 jaar Surinamse verhaalkunst* (1999).  Littafin littafinta na farko, *Hele dagen in de regen*, an buga shi a cikin 2005, sannan *Over het zoute water* (2015) da *De geur van bruine bonen* (2020). 

Sau da yawa tana rubutu a ƙarƙashin sunan alkalami Amber ko Amber Nahar.  Aikinta ya kan shafi ƙaura tsakanin Suriname da Netherlands, da kuma gadon bauta a ƙasarta.   

Goudzand Nahar kuma ya rubuta littattafan yara, gami da littattafan *Op zoek naar een vriend* (1994), *De Bonistraat* (1996), *Toch nog gelukkig* (1996; tare da Baptista van Laerhoven), da *De stem van Bever* (2007; wanda Jeska Verstegen ya kwatanta). Ta kuma yi aiki a kan kayan ilimi don *Sesamstraat* .   A cikin 2022, ta ci Bronze Griffel don labarinta na 2021 *Op de rug van Bigi Kayman* .   Littafin yara na baya-bayan nan, *Suikerland* (2023), ya ba da labarin tarihin cinikin bayi na Atlantic a Suriname. 

A matsayinta na 'yar jarida, ta bayar da suka da ra'ayoyi ga wallafe-wallafen Surinamese *na De Ware Tijd Literair* da *Oso* .  Tun daga shekarar 2009, ta yi aiki a matsayin editan mujallar mata ta dijital *Oer Digital Vrouwenblad* .  

## Manazarta
Zhou Meisen

**Zhou Meisen** (Sinanci: 周梅森; : ; an haife shi a ranar 9 ga watan Maris shekara ta 1956) marubuci ne kuma marubucin rubutun kasar Sin na zamani. Ya kasance mai aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen kasar Sin tun daga shekarun 1980. An san shi sosai da wasu ayyukansa waɗanda aka daidaita su don allo, musamman In the Name of the People .

An haifi Zhou a ranar 9 ga Maris 1956, a Jiangsu . Ya girma a Jiawang, wani yanki na Xuzhou tare da yawan adadin kwal. Daga baya, ya tafi makarantar sakandare, a matsayin dalibi na ɗan lokaci, yana aiki don rami na gida. Ya zama mai hakar ma'adinai bayan ya bar makaranta. Don haka, rubuce-rubucen Zhou na baya sun mai da hankali kan masana'antar kwal da masu hakar ma'adinai. Lokacin da yake dan shekara 14, ya san Balzac da sa'a. Tun daga wannan lokacin, Zhou ya ƙaunace shi kuma ya ce gaskiyar ya kamata ta zama jagorar rubuce-rubucen kansa.

A ƙarshen shekarun 1970s, Zhou ya buga aikinsa na farko a cikin *[[Xinhua Daily]]* . Bayan shekara guda, an tura shi zuwa Nanjing, yana aiki a matsayin edita na *Matasa*, mujallar da aka fara kwanan nan. Ya sami shahara ta farko tare da littafinsa na 1983 The Sinking Land (Sinanci: 沉沦的土地),  sannan ya zama ƙwararren marubuci tun 1984. A tsakiyar shekarun 1990s, ya shafe shekara guda a kan turawa zuwa gwamnatin birni a matsayin mataimakin babban sakatare .  A halin yanzu, ya yi ƙoƙari ya yi rayuwa mai kyau ta hanyar saka hannun jari a cikin kasuwanci, hannun jari da dukiya. Kwarewar da ta samu ta yi wahayi zuwa gare shi, kuma ta cika da ayyukansa.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Littattafan Zhou da rubutun wasan kwaikwayo na cin hanci da rashawa suna cikin kallon jama'a. Don bayyana makircin, har ma ya ziyarci kurkuku kuma ya yi hira da jami'an da aka tsare saboda cin hanci da rashawa.

## Littattafai

* *Ƙasar da ke Nutsar da ita*
* *Babban Sha'awa* (Sinanci: zuwa riba mai girma) 
* *Masu gabatar da kara* na Jiha (Sinanci) 
* *A cikin Sunan Jama'a*

## Manazarta
Zhu Pu (marubuci)

**Zhu Pu** (1902 - 9 ga Disamba, 1970), an haife shi **Zhu Shengzhai**, marubucin kasar Sin ne, mai tara kayan fasaha, kuma ma'aikacin gwamnati. Yayinda yake sananne ne ga waƙoƙinsa da gajerun labaru game da rayuwar yau da kullun, ya kasance mai rikitarwa saboda alakarsa da Gwamnatin Wang Jingwei mai goyon bayan Jafananci.

## Rayuwa ta farko

## Ganawa da Wang Jingwei
Kodayake Zhu ya shiga Jami'ar Jama'a ta kasar Sin, matsayin kudi na iyalinsa ya yi barazanar hanyarsa zuwa kammala karatunsa. Koyaya, ƙudurinsa a matsayin dalibi ya shawo kan Dean na jami'ar ya bar shi ya ci gaba da karatunsa. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya zama abokantaka da Gwamnan Kuomintang na gaba na Jiangsu, Chen Guofu . A cikin 1928, Zhu ya yi tafiya zuwa Turai don buɗe ƙarin damar kasuwanci tsakanin Yamma da China. Yayinda yake a Paris, ya sadu da Lin Bosheng,  , da Wang Jingwei .

## Rubuce-rubuce da aiki a ƙarƙashin mulkin Wang Jingwei

Zhu Pu ya ba da gudummawa ga Mujallar Gabas.  Ya rubuta waƙoƙi da labarai game da al'adun gida a China da rayuwar yau da kullun ta mutane. A lokacin Yaƙin China da Japan na Biyu, Zhu ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a matsayin mataimakin minista a sashen farfagandar Wang Jingwei. Lokacin da matarsa da babban ɗansa suka mutu a shekarar 1941, ya daina aiki ga gwamnatin saboda baƙin ciki da rashin bege.  Sannan ya kafa Gujin ( Chinese    ) mujallar a watan Maris na 1942 inda ya rubuta labarai da waƙoƙi. Daga ƙarshe aka rufe Gujin a shekarar 1944.

## Manazarta
Arch Bell

**Archibald Bell** (19 ga Agusta 1905 - 19 ga Janairu 1978) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Australiya wanda ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Geelong wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Victorian (VFL).[1]

## Bayanan kula

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Arch Bell's playing statistics from AFL Tables
* Arch Bell at AustralianFootball.com
Zhu Dawei (masanin tarihi)

**Zhu Dawei** (; 1931 - 8 ga Afrilu 2020) masanin tarihin kasar Sin ne.  An haife shi a Sichuan, Xizhong, shi ne marubucin *Tarihin Jama'a na [[Six Dynasties|Daular shida]]* da sauran littattafai da yawa game da zamanin Daular shida. A shekara ta 1991, Majalisar Jiha ta Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin ta ba shi matsayin gwani na musamman kuma, a shekara ta 2006, an zabe shi masanin kimiyya na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Jama'a ta kasar Sin. Zhu ya mutu a ranar 8 ga Afrilu 2020, yana da shekaru 89.

## Manazarta
Zhu Weizhi

**Zhu Weizhi** (simplified Chinese; 26 Mayu 1905 1999), wanda aka fi sani da **WT Chu**, masanin ilimin tauhidi ne kuma marubuci ɗan ƙasar Sin. An haife shi a cikin iyalin Kirista a Wenzhou, Zhejiang kuma an rene shi a matsayin Furotesta. An san shi da gudummawar da ya bayar ga nazarin Littafi Mai Tsarki a ƙasar Sin, littafinsa na 1941 *Kiristanci da Adabi* yana ɗaya daga cikin littattafan farko na ƙasar Sin don bincika alaƙar da ke tsakanin Kiristanci da adabi. Ya kuma rubuta kasidu da dama game da Kiristanci, tare da tarihin rayuwar Yesu guda biyu, masu taken *Yesu Almasihu* (1948) da *Yesu Mai Martaba* (1950). Ya yi rayuwarsa ta ƙarshe a Shanghai da Tianjin.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Zhu Weizhi a ranar 26 ga Mayu 1905 a wani ƙauye a Wenzhou, Zhejiang . Iyayensa sun kasance Furotesta, Zhu ya fallasa Kiristanci tun yana ƙarami. Ya halarci makarantar kwana ta China Inland Mission don karatun firamare kuma ya kammala karatu daga Makarantar tauhidin Nanjing a 1927. Ya kasance mai kishin kasa kamar yadda ya kasance Kirista mai ibada, kuma ya shafe kwanakinsa na kwaleji yana nazarin Littafi Mai-Tsarki - musamman Tsohon Alkawari da shayensa - da tsoffin litattafan Sinanci kamar Li Bai, Mozi, da Qu Yuan. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, Zhu ya shiga cikin May Fourth Movement ta hanyar tawaye a makaranta da kuma "banninta da ƙone kayan Jafananci". A shekara ta 1925, ya rubuta rubutun farko game da Littafi Mai-Tsarki daga ra'ayi na wallafe-wallafen, mai taken "The Bible and Literature". A shekara ta 1927, ya shiga Babban Sashen Siyasa na Sojojin Arewa, a wannan lokacin ne aka gabatar da shi kuma ya shiga cikin *Manifesto na Kwaminisanci*.

## Ayyuka
Zhu ya bar sojoji bayan kasa da shekara guda kuma ya shiga kungiyar Association Press of China a matsayin edita da mai fassara. Daga baya ya shafe kimanin shekaru biyar yana koyar da Sabon Littattafan Sinanci a Jami'ar Kirista ta Fujian, kuma yana da ɗan gajeren zama a Jami'an Chuo da ke Tokyo da Jami'ar Waseda a farkon aikin koyarwarsa. A shekara ta 1941, an buga littafinsa *Jidujiao yu wenxue* () ko *Kiristanci da Littattafai*;  yana ɗaya daga cikin littattafan Sinanci na farko don bincika dangantakar tsakanin Kristanci da adabi. A cikin Yesu mai ba da gudummawa (1950), wanda aka rubuta a kan sawun tarihin rayuwarsa na farko na Yesu, *Yesu Kristi* (1948), Zhu ya yi jayayya cewa Yesu ba kawai "mai ba da guduma ba ne", kasancewar shi ɗan masassaƙi ne, har ma da "mai juyin juya hali da abokin gaba na mulkin mallaka na Romawa". Zhu ya koyar a Jami'ar Shanghai na tsawon shekaru goma sha shida har zuwa 1952, lokacin da aka sake tura shi Jami'ar Nankai da ke Tianjin.

## Manazarta
Zou Jingzhi

**Zou Jingzhi** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1952) marubucin wasan kwaikwayo ne na kasar Sin. Ya rubuta litattafai don Wasan kwaikwayo na yammacin harshen Sinanci guda biyu da mata mai suna Lei Lei: Xi Shi (opera)">Xi Shi (opera)  bisa ga labarin Xi Shi, da The Chinese Orphan (2011) bisa ga labarin The Orphan of Zhao .  Farko na wasan kwaikwayo biyu ya kasance a NCPA na Beijing. Littafinsa na tara Building an jera shi a cikin jerin sunayen don Kyautar Booker ta Duniya ta 2023.

## Hotunan fina-finai

* Riding Alone for Thousands of Miles (2005) (wasan kwaikwayo) 
* *Kira na 601* (2006) (marubuci) 
* *Mulkin na* (2011) (wasan kwaikwayo) 
* The Grandmaster (2013) (wasan kwaikwayo) 
* Zuwa Gida (2014) (wasan kwaikwayo) 
* *Xuanzang* (2015) (wasan kwaikwayo) 

## Manazarta
Tony Ayres

**Tony Ayres** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1961) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Australiya, marubuci, kuma darektan talabijin da fim. Ya fi shahara da fina-finai na Walking on Water (2002) da The Home Song Stories (2007), da kuma aikinsa a talabijin, gami da aiki a matsayin mai nunawa a kan The Slap da kuma jerin kasada na matasa Nowhere Boys (2013). Ya kafa kamfaninsa na samar da fina-finai, Tony Ayres Productions (TAP), a cikin 2018.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Tony Ayres a Macau na Portuguese (yanzu a China) a shekara ta 1961.  A shekara ta 1964, mahaifiyar Ayres ta auri wani masanin jirgin ruwa na Australiya kuma ta yi ƙaura da iyalinta zuwa Perth, Yammacin Ostiraliya.

A shekara ta 1972, lokacin da Ayres ke da shekaru 11, mahaifiyarsa ta mutu ta hanyar kashe kanta. Ta kasance mawaƙiya ce ta kulob din dare.

Mahaifin Ayres ya mutu daga ciwon zuciya shekaru uku bayan mutuwar matarsa, kuma kwana biyu kafin ya sake yin aure. Ayres da 'yar'uwarsa ta zauna a takaice tare da tsohuwar budurwar mahaifinsu, kafin a sanya su a kula da malamin tarihin Ayres (wanda 'yar'uwansa daga baya za ta auri).  Ayres ya koma Canberra na ɗan lokaci, ACT, don karatu, kafin ya koma don taimakawa kula da malamin da 'ya'yansa. Fim din Ayres na 2007 The Home Song Stories ya dogara ne akan wannan farkon lokacin rayuwarsa.

## Ayyuka
Fim na farko na Ayres, Walking on Water, ya lashe Kyautar Teddy a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Berlin a shekara ta 2002, kuma ya lashe Kyautar AFI 5. fim din na biyu, The Home Song Stories, wanda aka fara a bikin fina-finai na Berlin, kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka 24 na Australiya da na duniya, gami da 8 AFI Awards.

A cikin 2018, bayan ya bar Hotunan Matchbox, Ayres ya kirkiro kamfanin samar da shi Tony Ayres Productions (TAP).

A cikin 2020 an nada Ayres a matsayin memba na kwamitin Kamfanin Fim na Kudancin Australia na tsawon shekaru uku.

## Karramawa da girmamawa
A ranar 16 ga Mayu 2023, an ba Ayres digiri na girmamawa tare da Doctor of Arts a fim da talabijin daga AFTRS.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Ayres a bayyane yake ɗan luwaɗi.

## Hotunan fina-finai

### Fim din

## Manazarta
Chang Ping

**Chang Ping** ( simplified Chinese   , an haife shi a ranar 22 ga Yuni 1968), an haife shi **Zhang Ping**, marubuci ne ɗan ƙasar Sin,  kuma a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin marubuci.  mai kula da Gidan Tarihi na Tunawa da Haƙƙin Dan Adam na ranar 4 ga Yuni a Hong Kong. Shi mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ne kuma mai fafutuka; an ba shi kyautar a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan 'yancin ɗan adam na Hong Kong a shekarar 2014,  kuma ya sami kyautar 'yancin manema labarai ta duniya daga ' Yan Jarida na Kanada don 'Yancin Faɗar Albarkatu (CJFE) a shekarar 2016.

## Ayyuka
Chang Ping ya kasance mai yawan tantancewa don rubuce-rubucensa, kuma an dakatar da shi daga rubuce-buce da buga littattafai a kasar Sin. An cire shi a matsayin darektan labarai na Southern Weekly a shekara ta 2001. Ya zama mataimakin editan Southern Metropolis Weekly amma an cire shi a shekara ta 2008,  saboda wani sharhi da ke dauke da taken "Tibet: Nationalist Sentiment and the Truth", wanda ya sadu da martani daga 'yan kasar Sin wadanda suka goyi bayan murkushewar gwamnati kan masu fafutukar' yancin kai a Tibet. A shekara ta 2010, jaridar ta kore shi, tare da aikin da edita ya bayyana a matsayin "maras kyau", amma ya gaya wa *New York Times* a cikin wata hira cewa zai ci gaba da rubutu.

Chang Ping ya shiga mujallar iSun Affairs ta Hong Kong a shekarar 2011 a matsayin babban edita, amma an hana shi biza kuma ba a yarda ya shiga Hong Kong ba. A ƙarshen shekara ta 2011, an gayyaci Chang Ping ya zauna a Jamus a tsohon gidan kasar na wanda ya lashe kyautar Nobel Heinrich Böll, wanda aka mayar da shi mafaka ga marubutan da aka tsananta.

A ranar 15 ga Nuwamba 2014, Chang Ping ya ba da lacca a bikin cika shekaru 33 na Ranar Marubucin da aka ɗaure ta PEN International don nuna makomar marubutan Tibet da hukumomin kasar Sin suka ɗaure a Dharamsala, Indiya.

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2016, Chang Ping ya yi zargin cewa 'yan uwansa maza biyu da' yar'uwarsa 'yar'uwa sun sace su ne daga 'yan sanda na kasar Sin bayan ya rubuta wani labarin ga *[[Deutsche Welle]]* game da "Xi Jinping to Resign">wasika ta jama'a" da aka buga a kan layi, yana kira ga murabus din Babban Sakataren Jam'iyyar Kwaminis Xi Jinping.

## Manazarta
Chen Sicheng

**Chen Sicheng** ( simplified Chinese; an haife shi a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu, 1978) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma mai shirya fina-finai na ƙasar Sin. Ya kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Wasan Kwaikwayo ta Tsakiya, kuma an san shi da manyan rawar da ya taka a fina-finan *A Young Prisoner's Revenge* da *[[Spring Fever (2009 film)|Spring Fever]]* ; da kuma shirin talabijin *[[Soldiers Sortie|na Soldiers Sortie]]* .  A matsayinsa na darakta, Chen ya shahara da shirin talabijin mai suna *[[Soyayyar Matasan Beijing|Beijing Love Story]]* da kuma shirin fim ɗinsa na gaba; da kuma shirin barkwanci *[[Detective Chinatown|mai suna Detective Chinatown]]*

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Chen ta auri jarumar fim Tong Liya a ranar 16 ga Janairu, 2014. A ranar 30 ga Janairu, 2016, Tong ta sanar da cewa ta haifi ɗansu na fari, ɗa mai suna Chen Duoduo. A ranar 20 ga Mayu, 2021, Tong da Chen sun sanar da rabuwarsu.

## Hotunan fina-finai

### Fim din

## Manazarta
Deng Haiyan

**Deng Haiyan** ( Chinese    ; an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Oktoba, 1978), sunan **alkalami Kawu na Biyu** ( Chinese    ), wani ɗan ƙasar China ne mai yin YouTube a Amurka, marubuci kuma mai sharhi kan siyasa, wanda fina-finansa da labaransa galibi suna magana ne game da batutuwan siyasa na yanzu, tarihin Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta China (CCP), da tarihin zamani na ƙasar Sin.

A baya, ya kasance memba na CCP kuma jami'in 'yan sanda da ke aiki a Guangzhou"Gundumar Huangpu, Guangzhou, Lardin Guangdong . A cikin 2019, hukumomin yankin sun kore shi daga CCP da kuma mukaman jama'a.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haife shi a cikin iyalin soja a Bijie, Lardin Guizhou, Deng Haiyan ya kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Tsaro ta Jama'a ta kasar Sin.

Bayan jami'a, ya zama dan sanda mai aikata laifuka, yana aiki a Gundumar Huangpu, Guangdong, Lardin Guangzhou. 

Tun daga shekara ta 2010, ya wallafa labarai a karkashin sunayen alkalami da yawa kuma ya karbi sunan alkalami na Uncle na biyu a cikin shekara ta 2016.

A cikin 2018, ya ja hankalin hukumomin Kwaminisanci kuma an tsananta masa sau goma sha huɗu tare da fashi da gidansa sau biyu. A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2019, an kore shi daga CCP da kuma mukaman jama'a. 

A ƙarshen 2019, Deng ya yi hijira zuwa Los Angeles, Amurka, kuma ya kafa tashar YouTube Stories of Second Elder Uncle (Tarihin Labari).

## Manazarta
Duo Duo

**Duo Duo** ko Duoduo (Sinanci: 多多, an haife shi a shekara ta 1951) shine sunan alkalami na mawaki na kasar Sin na zamani, Li Shizheng (栗世征), sanannen mai gabatar da mawaƙa na Misty na kasar Sin. Duo Duo an ba shi lambar yabo ta Neustadt International Prize for Literature ta 2010.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Duo Duo a Beijing, China . Yayinda yake matashi a cikin Juyin Juya Halin Al'adu, an tura shi zuwa ƙauye a Baiyangdian (白洋), inda ya fara karatu da rubuta shayari. Da yawa daga cikin abokan makarantarsa za su zama sanannun a matsayin membobin ƙungiyar waka ta karkashin kasa da hukumomi suka bayyana a matsayin "Misty": Bei Dao, Gu Cheng da Mang Ke.

## Kyaututtuka
A shekara ta 2009, juri da ke wakiltar kasashe tara sun zabi Duo Duo a matsayin wanda ya lashe kyautar Neustadt International Prize for Literature ta $ 50,000, wanda ya sanya shi mai karɓar kyautar ta 21 kuma marubucin kasar Sin na farko da ya lashe kyautar. Har ila yau, yana da alaƙa da bukukuwan adabi da kyaututtuka na kasar Sin da yawa, kamar Yinchuan Poetry Prize da sauransu.

## Fassara
Marubuci kuma masanin ilimi Gregory B. Lee ya fassara da yawa daga cikin waƙoƙin Duo Duo zuwa Turanci, kuma ya rubuta game da aikin mawaƙin, kwanan nan a cikin littafinsa *na China's Lost Decade* .  

Jin Zhong 金重 (Jone Guo, Amurka) kuma yana daya daga cikin masu fassara na farko na waƙoƙin Duo Duo. Wani zaɓi mai kyau na fassarorin an buga shi ta hanyar American Poetry Review a cikin 1993, wanda ya zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci ga waƙoƙin Sinanci da aka buga a cikin wannan mujallar.

## Manazarta
Jiang Nan (mai rubutun ra'ayi)

**Yang Zhi** (Sinanci; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Yuli, 1977), wanda aka fi sani da sunan alkalami **Jiang Nan** (Sinansi), marubuci ne kuma marubucin litattafai na kasar Sin. Shi ne Shugaba na Beijing Smart Dragon Cultural Development Co, Ltd.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Yang a ranar 13 ga Yuli 1977 a Shucheng County, Anhui, China. Ya yi karatun ilmin sunadarai a Jami'ar Peking da Jami'ar Washington da ke St. Louis a karkashin Michael L. Gross.

Littafinsa na farko shi ne There They Were (Sinanci: a wannan lokacin na matashi). Yana daya daga cikin shahararrun marubuta tare da matasa a kasar Sin. Ayyukan da aka fi sani da su sune Novoland: Eagle Flag (九州ń录) da *[[Dragon Raja (Chinese novels)|Dragon Raja]]* (龙族) jerin litattafai.

## Ayyukan da aka buga

### 2003

* A can Sun kasance (a nan matasan) 
* Ƙaunar Har zuwa Ƙarshe (愛死你, aka 一千零一夜之死神) 

### 2005

* *Novoland: Eagle Flag I*: The Savage Land (九州 zura)  
* Novoland: Eagle Flag II: The Sword of Dragon Soul (九州2): 

### 2007

* *Novoland: Eagle Flag III*: Gwarzon Novoland (九州 2013)  
* *Novoland: Eagle Flag IV*: The Crusade of Lunar Sect (九州 2014)  
* *Guguwar Butterfly*'s"
* *Sarkin sarakuna na sama*:Hellfire (mai haske:业火) 

## Sanarwa

* Matsayi na farko a cikin Marubutan Sinanci Rich list  a cikin 2016  da 2013 

## Manazarta
Tony Annese

**Tony Annese** (an haife shi a  ) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na kwaleji na Amurka. Shi ne babban kocin ƙwallon ƙafa na Jami'ar Jihar Ferris, matsayin da ya riƙe tun 2012. Annese ya fara aikinsa na koyarwa a matakin makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aiki a matsayin babban kocin a makarantu huɗu daban-daban daga 1987 zuwa 2008 a Michigan, inda ya lashe gasar Jihar ta Michigan High School Athletic Association (MHSAA) Division 2 tare da Muskegon High School Big Reds . Annese ya yi aiki a matsayin babban kocin ƙwallon ƙafa a Grand Rapids Community College da ke Grand Rapids, Michigan, daga 2009 zuwa 2011, inda ya jagoranci ƙungiyoyinsa zuwa gasar zakarun Division II na Ƙungiyar Wasannin Kwaleji ta Ƙasa (NJCAA), a 2009 da 2011.  Annese ya jagoranci Ferris State Bulldogs zuwa gasar cin kofin ƙwallon ƙafa ta NCAA Division II a jere sau biyu a 2021 da 2022, da kuma a 2024 da 2025.

## Ayyukan wasa
Annese ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Corunna a Corunna, Michigan . Ya sami lambar yabo ta 2nd team duk-conference yayin da yake wasa quarterback. Daga nan sai ya halarci Kwalejin Alma yana motsawa zuwa mai karɓar karɓa ga Scots. Ya kasance na huɗu a karɓar a cikin Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association a kakar 1981. 

## Ayyukan horarwa

### Makarantar sakandare
Annese ya shafe shekaru uku na farko na aikin horar da kwallon kafa a matsayin mataimakinsa, na farko tare da Muskegon Catholic Central High School sannan kuma West Ottawa High School. Matsayinsa na farko na kocin ya kasance a Makarantar Sakandare ta Montrose da ke Montrose, Michigan . Lokacinsa na farko, kungiyar ta buga rikodin 4-5. A cikin shekaru bakwai masu zuwa, ƙungiyoyinsa ba za su taɓa rasa wasan taro ba, kawai sun rasa wasanni biyu na yau da kullun, sun cancanci wasan kwaikwayo na jihar sau huɗu kuma sun shiga wasan kusa da na karshe sau biyu. A lokacin mulkinsa, 'yan wasan Montrose guda uku za su sami tallafin karatu na rukuni na I.

### Kwalejin

#### Kwalejin Jama'a ta Grand Rapids
A ranar 22 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2009, an sanar da Annese a matsayin babban kocin Kwalejin Al'umma ta Grand Rapids .  A kakar wasa ta farko, GRCC ba a ci nasara ba a kakar wasa ta yau da kullun kuma an kiyasta shi # 3 yana tsammanin gayyatar zuwa Citizen Bank Bowl don buga wasan da aka zaba na # 1. Kafin hakan ya faru, GRCC ta ba da rahoton amfani da dan wasan da bai cancanci wasa daya ba a wasan da ya gabata. Laifin ya sa GRCC ta rasa wasan, ta sauke rikodin su zuwa 9-1. Duk da rasa Top of the Mountain Bowl zuwa # 8 Snow College, an gane su a matsayin babbar ƙungiyar da ba ta ilimi ba a cikin ƙasar.

## Manazarta
Bian Jinyang

**Bian Jinyang** ( Chinese    ; an haife shi 16 Satumba 1993) marubucin kasar Sin ne daga Heilongjiang . A cikin 2003, Bian mai shekaru 9 ya buga littattafansa na farko 《时光魔琴》 da 《秦人部落》 a karkashin sunan alkalami **Yang Yang** ()  . Yawancin masu karatu na kasar Sin sun bayyana littattafansa a matsayin waɗanda suka yi daidai da jerin littattafan Harry Potter na JK Rowling. 

## Manazarta
Charles K. Landis

**Charles Kline Landis** (Maris 16, 1833 - Yuni 12, 1900) ya kasance mai haɓaka dukiya a Kudancin Jersey, wanda shine wanda ya kafa kuma mai haɓaka Vineland da Sea Isle City. 

## Ayyuka
Farkonsa na farko a matsayin mai haɓaka ya fara ne tare da ci gaban ƙaramin garin Colville a cikin shekarun 1850, wanda aka sani a yau da Elwood. Bayan wannan Kamfen ya gaza, Landis ya zama abokin tarayya tare da wani ma'aikacin banki na Philadelphia mai suna Richard Byrnes, kuma ya fara bunkasa garin Hammonton. Sun sayi kadada 5,000 ( ) na ƙasa tare da Camden da Atlantic Railroad, wanda ke haɗa Camden da Atlantika City. A shekara ta 1860, Hammonton yana da mazauna sama da 2,000, kuma ya kasance al'umma mai cin nasara.

Lokacin da suka fara rashin jituwa game da makomar Hammonton, Landis ya yanke shawarar sayar da rabonsa na kasuwancin su ga Byrnes kuma ya ci gaba da bunkasa garin wanda daga ƙarshe zai zama sananne da Vineland. Ya sayi kadada ,000 (81 ) na ƙasa a 1861, kusa da Millville, New Jersey, kuma tare da layin dogo na yanzu tare da sabis zuwa Philadelphia. An gina gidaje na farko a 1862, kuma an kafa sabis na jirgin ƙasa zuwa Philadelphia da Birnin New York, tare da yawan jama'a ya kai 5,500 ta hanyar 1865.

## Shari'ar Uri Carruth
Bayan an buga wasu kasidu a cikin mujallar *Vineland Independent* suna tambayar lafiyar matar Landis, Landis ya shiga ofishin cikin nutsuwa ya harbe Uri Carruth, editan jaridar, a bayan kansa. Carruth ya daɗe na tsawon watanni, amma lokacin da ya mutu an tuhumi Landis da kisan kai. An same shi da laifin rashin laifi bisa ga hauka na ɗan lokaci a wata shari'a mai ban mamaki ta 1875. Wannan wataƙila shine karo na farko a tarihin shari'ar Amurka inda wani mutum ya yi iƙirarin hauka a matsayin dalilin rashin laifi.  

An haifi Landis a Philadelphia ga Michael G. da Mary L. Landis kuma ta sami ilimi a matsayin lauya.  Charles Landis ya mutu a ranar 12 ga Yuni, 1900, yana da shekaru 67 kuma an binne shi a Kabari na Siloam a Vineland, kabari da aka kafa a ƙasar da ya ba da gudummawa a 1864. Za'a iya kallon tarin dukiyar Charles Landis a Vineland Historical Society.

## Manazarta
Li Er (mai rubutun ra'ayi)

**Li Er** (Chinese; an haife shi a shekara ta 1966) marubuci ne a ƙasar Sin. Ya fi shahara da littafinsa mai suna *Brother Ying Wu* wanda ya lashe kyautar adabi ta 10 ta Mao Dun (2019), ɗaya daga cikin kyaututtukan adabi mafi daraja a ƙasar Sin. Shi ne mataimakin babban editan mujallar *Mangyuan* kuma darektan Sashen Bincike na Gidan Tarihi na Adabi na Zamani na ƙasar Sin.  An fassara ayyukansa zuwa Turanci da Jamusanci.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Li a Jiyuan, Henan, a shekarar 1966,  shekarar da juyin juya halin al'adu na shekaru goma ya barke. A shekarar 1983, an karɓe shi a Jami'ar Al'adu ta Gabashin China, inda ya yi karatun digiri a fannin harsuna da adabin Sinanci. A shekarar 1987, shekarar da ya kammala karatunsa daga jami'a, Li ya buga gajeriyar labarinsa na farko *mai suna Linjila* a cikin *Adabin Guandong* . Bayan jami'a, ya koyar a Jami'ar Zhengzhou ta Al'ada. A shekarar 1993, an buga littafinsa mai suna *The Tutor Is Dead.* A shekara ta 2002, an buga *Coloratura* ta hanyar People's Literature Publishing House, wanda ke binciko makomar mutum a China ta zamani da kuma neman "gaskiya ta tarihi". Jeremy Tiang ya fassara shi zuwa Turanci.   A shekara ta 2005, an zaɓi *Coloratura* don kyautar Adabi ta Mao Dun ta 6. An fassara wani littafinsa, *Cherries on a Pomegranate Tree*, zuwa Jamusanci kuma ya jawo hankalin Shugabar Gwamnatin Jamus Angela Merkel. Lokacin da Merkel ta ziyarci China a shekara ta 2008, ta ba da shi ga Firayim Ministan China Wen Jiabao a matsayin kyauta. 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
A lokacin rubuce-rubucen Brother Ying Wu, mahaifiyar Li ta yi rashin lafiya sosai bayan Li ya ƙaura da iyalinsa daga Zhengzhou zuwa Beijing. Shi da 'yan uwansa sun nemi magani ga mahaifiyarsa a manyan birane da yawa.

## Manazarta
Matthias Lütolf

**Matthias Lutolf** (an haife shi a shekarar 1973, wanda aka fi sani da Matthias Lütolf) injiniya ne mai ilimin halittu kuma farfesa a EPFL (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) A shekarar 2021, ya zama Daraktan Kimiyya na Roche's Institute for Translation Bioengineering da ke Basel.

## Ilimi
Lutolf ya yi karatun injiniyan kayan aiki a ETH Zurich inda ya kammala a shekarar 1998. A shekara ta 2002, ya sami digirinsa na PhD a fannin injiniyan kimiyyar halittu daga ETH Zurich don karatunsa a kan hydrogels mai amsawa don injiniyan nama da al'adun sel, a cikin ƙungiyar Jeffrey Hubbell.

## Ayyuka
Lütolf ya bayar da gudummawa a hulɗar kayan halitta, ilmin halittar ƙwayoyin halitta, da fasahar organoid . A farkon aikinsa, ya kasance babban mai ba da gudummawa ga ƙirƙira da tallata sabbin matrices na roba da hydrogels waɗanda ke ba da damar injiniyan ƙwayoyin halitta a wuri, yana haɓaka sake farfaɗowa kai tsaye a cikin jiki, tare da wallafe-wallafe a cikin *PNAS* (2003), *Advanced Materials* (2003), da *Nature Biotechnology* (2003, 2005).  Dakin gwaje-gwajen Lutolf yana haɓaka ƙwayoyin halitta a cikin vitro suna kwaikwayon kyallen takarda da gabobin lafiya da marasa lafiya. 

## Kyaututtuka da girmamawa
A shekara ta 2007, Lutolf ya sami lambar Yuro ta European Young Investigator (EURYI) daga Gidauniyar Kimiyya ta Turai. Tun daga shekara ta 2018, an zabe shi a matsayin memba na Ƙungiyar Kwayoyin Kwayoyin Turai (EMBO). Yana aiki a matsayin mataimakin edita na mujallar The Company of Biologists 'Development.

## Manazarta
Louise Fresco

**Louise Ottilie Fresco** (an haife ta a ranar Sha daya 11 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta alif  1952) ƙwararriyar masaniyar kimiyya ce kuma marubuciya 'yar ƙasar Holland wadda aka san ta da aikinta kan samar da abinci mai ɗorewa a duniya.

## Aiki a fannin ilimi
Fresco ta kasance Shugabar Hukumar Gudanarwa ta Jami'ar Wageningen &amp;amp; Research tsakanin 2014 da 2022. Ita farfesa ce a Jami'ar Wageningen kuma memba ce a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Sarauta ta Belgium.

Fresco kuma memba ce a Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Royal Netherlands (KNAW) tun daga shekarar 2009,  memba ce ta ƙasar waje a Kwalejin Noma ta Faransa, memba ce da ba ta zama a Kwalejin Noma da Gandun Daji ta Royal Sweden da ke Stockholm ba, memba ce da ta dace da Real Academia de Ingeniería da ke Madrid, memba ce a Ƙungiyar Kimiyya da Dan Adam ta Royal Holland kuma memba ce ta ƙasashen waje a Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Royal Flemish ta Belgium, Ajin Kimiyyar Halitta da ke Brussels. Ita kwararriyar Malamar Ziyara ce a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Afirka ta Kudu.

## Sauran ayyuka
A watan Mayun ta shekarar dubu biyu da shida  2006, wata jaridar Birtaniya ta buga takardar murabus ta Fresco a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mataimakan Daraktoci-Janar guda takwas na FAO . A cikin wasiƙarta, Fresco ta bayyana cewa "ƙungiyar ba ta iya daidaitawa da sabon zamani ba", cewa "gudummawarta da sunanta sun ragu a hankali" kuma "shugabancinta bai gabatar da zaɓuɓɓuka masu ƙarfin gwiwa don shawo kan wannan rikicin ba". 

Ya zuwa watan Afrilun 2019, ita ce Daraktar Hukumar Gudanarwa ta Syngenta, wacce ke da kulawa ta musamman ga sabbin abubuwa na kimiyya don manufar samar da abinci mai lafiya da dorewa. Ita memba ce ta Kwamitin Uku, memba ce ta kwamitin edita na mujallar adabi ta De Gids, memba ce ta Majalisar Masu Ba da Shawara kan Kyautar Abinci ta Duniya kuma memba ce ta Majalisar Masu Ba da Shawara ta Taron Amsterdam kan Tarihin Abinci. Haka kuma marubuciya ce a NRC Handelsblad kuma shugabar kwamitin zaɓe na Kyautar Johannes van Dam. Haka kuma ita ce Gidauniyar Asusun Opera & Ballet na ƙasar Holland kuma memba ce a Jakadun Gidan Tarihi na Holocaust na Ƙasa (wanda ke ci gaba).

A shekarar 2020, Ofishin Yankin Turai na Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ya naɗa Fresco don yin aiki a matsayin memba na Kwamitin Lafiya da Ci Gaba Mai Dorewa na Tarayyar Turai, wanda Mario Monti ke jagoranta.

## Littattafan tarihi

### Labarai

* *Bambusa* (1990)
* *De kosmopolieten* (2003)
* *De tuin van de sultan van Rome* (2005)
* *De utopisten* (2007)
* *De Idealisten* (2018)
* *Hamburgers uit de moestuin* (2019)
* *De Plantenjager* (2021)

### Ba almara ba

* *Schaduwdenkers & lichtzoekers* (1998) (Huizingalezing)
* *Nieuwe spijswetten: over voedsel en verantwoordelijkheid* (2006)
* *Het einde van de universiteit (volgens een rapport van de Universiteit van Oeloemia)* (2007) (diesrede UvA)
* *Hamburgers a cikin aljanna : voedsel in tijden van schaarste en overvloed* (2012)

### Ilimi

* *[http://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wda/352658 Rogo a fannin noman da aka canza: tsarin da aka bi wajen bunkasa fasahar noma a Afirka]* (1986) (rubutu)

## Manazarta