Eliza Farnham

**Eliza Farnham** (17 ga Nuwamba, 1815 - 15 ga Disamba, 1864) marubuciya ce ta Amurka ta ƙarni na 19, mai fafutukar mata, kuma mai fafutuka don sake fasalin kurkuku.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haife ta ne a Rensselaerville, New York . Ta koma Illinois a 1835, kuma a can ta auri Thomas J. Farnham a 1836, amma ta koma New York a 1841.  A cikin 1843 ta rubuta jerin labarai ga Brother Jonathan ta karyata kiran John Neal na zaɓen mata a wannan jaridar, kodayake Elizabeth Cady Stanton da Susan B. Anthony sun rubuta a cikin 1887 cewa "Mrs. Farnham ta rayu tsawon lokaci don sake komawa ƙasar ta kuma ta yarda da gaskiyar mafi girma. "  A cikin 1844, ta hanyar tasirin Horace Greeley da sauran masu gyarawa, an nada ta a matsayin matron na kula da mata a gidan yarin Sing. Ta yi imani sosai da amfani da phrenology don kula da fursunoni. Farnham ya kasance mai tasiri wajen canza nau'ikan kayan karatu da ke akwai ga fursunonin mata. Manufar zaɓinta ba nishaɗi ba ne amma inganta halayyar. Ta kuma ba da shawarar yin amfani da kiɗa da alheri a cikin farfado da fursunonin mata. Farnham ta riƙe ofishin matron har zuwa 1848 lokacin da, a cikin jayayya game da zaɓinta da imanin ta, ta yi murabus a 1848. Daga nan sai ta koma Boston, kuma ta kasance watanni da yawa tare da gudanar da Cibiyar Makafi.

A shekara ta 1849 ta yi tafiya zuwa California tare da 'ya'yanta maza biyu, bayan da ta gaji dukiya a can,  kuma ta kasance a can har zuwa 1856, lokacin da ta koma New York. Shekaru biyu da suka biyo baya, ta ba da kanta ga nazarin magani, kuma a cikin 1859 ta shirya wata al'umma don taimakawa mata mata marasa galihu wajen gano gidaje a yamma, ta dauki nauyin kamfanoni da yawa na wannan aji na masu ƙaura. Daga baya ta koma California.

Ta mutu daga amfani a Birnin New York tana da shekaru 49. Ta kasance mai musun wanzuwar Allah.

## Littattafai

* Rayuwa a cikin Prairie Land, 1846 - Labarin rayuwa a kan filin Illinois kusa da Pekin tsakanin 1836 da 1840.
* California, In-doors and Out, 1856 - Tarihin abubuwan da ta samu da abubuwan da ta lura a California.
* My Early Days, 1859 - Littafin tarihin rayuwa.
* *Mace da Zamaninta*, 1864 - "Jami'a, addini, kyawawan abubuwa, da tarihi" muhawara game da girman mace.
* The Ideal Attained: kasancewa labarin rayuka biyu masu ƙarfi, da kuma yadda suka sami farin cikinsu kuma ba su rasa shi ba, 1865

## Tunawa
Littafin farko na Tarihin Matan Suffrage, wanda aka buga a 1881, ya ce, "WADANNAN LITTAFI MAI KYAU ANA RUBUTA ZUWA GA Ƙwaƙwalwar Maryamu Wollstonecraft, Frances Wright, Lucretia Mott, Harriet Martineau, Lydia Maria Child, Margaret Fuller, Sarah da Angelina Grimké, Josephine S. K.G.D.  W. Johnson, Alice da Phebe Carey, Ann Preston, MD, Lydia Mott, Eliza W. Farnham, Lydia F. Fowler, M.D., Paulina Wright Davis, Wanda Ya Ƙarfafa Rayuwarsa da Kalmomi marasa Tsoro, a cikin Neman 'Yancin Siyasa ga Mata, sun kasance, a cikin Shirye-shiryen waɗannan Shafukan, don Ƙarfafa Ƙarfafawa".

## Duba kuma
Georgiana Bruce Kirby

## Manazarta

## Ƙarin karantawa

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* [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Encyclopedia of Women in the American West, shafi na 124. &nbsp;Dubban Oaks: Mai hikima. Haɗi zuwa Google Book Search
* [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] Rashin zama a Yamma: Eliza Farnham da Georgiana Bruce Kirby a kan iyakar California . Jami'ar Santa Clara: California Legacy Series, 2004.
* [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 7] Shugabannin da Headlines: The Phrenological Fowlers . Jami'ar Oklahoma Press: Norman.

## Haɗin waje

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