Guillaume Minoret

**Guillaume Minoret** (kamar watan Afrilu shekarar 1650 - 1717 ko watan Disamban shekarar alif 1720) mawaƙin baroque ne na Faransa.

Ya kasance daga cikin tsarar Marc-Antoine Charpentier, to amma ba kamar shi kawai ɗan ƙaramin sashi na *œuvre* ya tsira ba. Minoret ya shahara a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin muƙamai huɗu masu juyawa na shekara-shekara don *sous-maîtres* a Chapelle royale a shekarar 1683, wanda Louis XIV ya shirya bayan ritayar Henry Du Mont da Pierre Robert . Abin baƙin ciki idan aka kwatanta da biyu de Lalande, wanda ya lashe mafi girma Kirsimeti juya na hudu matsayi, da kuma Pascal Collasse wanda a mafi yawan ra'ayi ya zo na biyu, Minoret da abokin aikinsa Nicolas Goupillet an ba da shi ta hanyar tarihin kiɗa na kiɗa zuwa matsayin mediocities na kiɗa.  Kafin gasar ya kasance *maître de chapelle* a Orléans Cathedral tun 1679.

## Rayuwa
An haifi Minoret a birnin Paris . Wataƙila makarantar Notre-Dame de Paris ta horar da shi, a ƙarƙashin mawaki Pierre Robert . Yana da kimanin shekaru ashirin, ya zama ƙwararren mawaƙa ( *maître de chapelle* ) a cathédrale de Rodez, sannan a Saint-Sernin de Toulouse, ya gaji mawaki Étienne Moulinié . A ranar 26 ga Afrilun shekarar 1679 an nada shi babban malamin kide-kide a cathédrale Sainte-Croix d'Orléans, amma bai dade a wurin ba kuma ya bar wajen farkon watan Satumba - an shigar da magajinsa Pierre Tabart a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba a wannan shekarar. Wannan kida na babban cocin na lardin yana da inganci - shekaru goma da suka gabata, ranar 14 ga Satumba 1669, don ranar tunawa da sadaukarwar cocin, Claude Perrault (ɗan'uwan conteur), ya lura a cikin *Relation du Voyage de Paris à Bordeaux* "A Holy Cross [ ...] mun ji kiɗan da ke da kyau sosai kuma wanda, a yau, shine na biyu kawai a Notre-Dame de Paris". Maigidan shi ne Philippe Martinot, wanda ya yi ritaya da tsufa a ranar 14 ga Janairun shekarar 1679, don haka ya ba Minoret damar gaje shi.

Cathedral na Orléans yana ci gaba da gudanar da babban aikin sake ginawa a cikin karni na 17, bayan kusan halakar ta a ranar 24 ga Mariɗin to s 1568 a lokacin Yaƙin Faransanci na Addini . Yana yiwuwa a dawo da ƙungiyar mawaƙa da mawaƙa, waɗanda suka tsira da yawa, cikin sauri. An fara ginin jinkirin a ƙarƙashin Henry IV na Faransa a ranar 18 ga Afrilun shekarar 1601. A cikin 1679, godiya ga karimcin Louis XIV na Faransa, an ƙaddamar da transepts - siffofi na sarauta a kan waje. Wataƙila an yi bikin ma'aikatan kiɗan a wannan lokacin.

A ranar 5 ga Satumba, bayan barin Orléans, Minoret yana aiki a cocin Saint-Germain-l'Auxerrois a Paris. A watan Afrilun 1683 ya halarci gasar da Louis XIV ya shirya da nufin daukar wasu *sous-maîtres* *guda* hudu don *chapelle royale* a fadar Versailles . Tare da goyon bayan Michel Le Tellier, Minoret daya daga cikin hudun da aka dauka (sauran ukun sune Michel-Richard Delalande, Pascal Colasse da Nicolas Goupillet ). Minoret ya shiga aikin a ranar 1 ga Yuli mai zuwa. Domin shi firist ne, shi da Nicolas Goupillet an sa su kula da ilimin shafuffukan ɗakin sujada (watau samari maza waɗanda suka rera waƙa a cikin ƙungiyar mawaƙa, waɗanda ba su da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun maza). Ya fara da sake tsara wannan ɗakin sujada na kiɗa a lokacin rani na 1683 kuma ya gudanar da aikin har zuwa 1714, ya bar shi jim kadan kafin mutuwar sarki a ranar 1 ga Satumba 1715. Minoret da kansa ya mutu a Versailles wani lokaci daga baya (ainihin kwanan wata ba tabbas).

## Ayyuka, bugu da rikodi

* Six grands motets na mawaƙa biyu  uku daga cikinsu na Zabura 12 ( *Usquequo Domine* ), 27 ( *Ad te Domine levavi* ), 94 ( *Venite exultemus* ), yayin da wasu ukun suka ɗauki rubutun *Currite populi*, *Deus docuisti me*, da kuma *Bayanan Bayani* na Ps. 118 (Paris, BnF . An kwafi daga André Danican Philidor, ma'aikacin laburare na sarki, mai kwanan wata 1697);
* Biyu petits motets : *Sancti Spiritus* da *Misericordia Domine* don muryoyi biyu da basso continuo ( Lyon, Bibliothèque municipale) ;
* Mass don lokacin Kirsimeti ( *Missa pro tempore Nativitattis* ), don mawaƙa biyu, akan jigogi na Kirsimeti, wanda Sébastien de Brossard ya kara da murya biyu, a cikin 1694 (Paris. BnF. Coll. S. de Brossard);
* A *Domine salvum fac regem* ( *Allah sarki sarki* ), na mawaƙa biyu, wanda ya ƙare wannan taro.

Duk waɗannan ayyukan an adana su cikin rubutun hannu. Uku daga cikinsu (le Ps. 94, da *Currite populi* da *Prope es tu* ) ya zuwa yanzu masanin kiɗa na Japan Yuriko Baba ya buga a cikin tarin: Critique Edition - Anthologies, du Center de musique baroque de Versailles ( CMBV ). 

Ga masanin kiɗan Jean Duron, waɗannan motets suna ba da "kyakkyawan ra'ayi game da salon wannan mawaki, ta amfani da salo mai kyan gani da kyakkyawan jigo mai sauƙi tukuna". A cikin karni na 18 *Parnasse français*, Evrard Titon du Tillet "sun tabbatar da yabo sosai akan Minoret kuma musamman akan yadda ya rubuta kayan aikin da ke goyan bayan muryoyin" (cf. Littattafai: Jean Duron).

## Nassoshi