Cibiyar tarihi ta Córdoba

**Cibiyar tarihi ta Córdoba**, Spain na ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma irin sa a Turai. A cikin 1984, UNESCO ta yi rajistar Masallaci – Cathedral na Cordoba a matsayin Gidan Tarihi na Duniya. Bayan shekaru goma, ya faɗaɗa rubutun ya haɗa da yawancin tsohon garin. Cibiyar tarihi tana da tarin abubuwan tarihi da ke adana manyan alamomin zamanin Roman, Larabci, da Kiristanci.

## Tarihin baya
Da farko wani ƙauyen Carthaginian, Romawa sun kama Cordoba a cikin 206 BC, ba da daɗewa ba ya zama babban birnin Hispania Citerior tare da kyawawan gine-gine tare da kafa garu. A cikin karni na 6, tare da rugujewar daular Roma, birnin ya fada hannun Visigoths har zuwa farkon karni na 8 lokacin da Moors suka mamaye shi. A cikin 716, Cordoba ta zama babban birnin lardi kuma, a cikin 766, hedkwatar masarautar musulmi ta al-Andalus. A karni na 10, a matsayin Halifancin Cordoba, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan biranen duniya, waɗanda aka sani da al'adu, koyo da kuma jurewar addini. Baya ga wani katon dakin karatu, birnin ya rufe masallatai sama da 300 da dimbin fadoji da gine-ginen gudanarwa.

A shekara ta 1236, Sarki Ferdinand na III ya kama birnin, ya gina sabbin tsare-tsare kuma ya mayar da Babban Masallacin babban coci. Birnin Kirista ya girma a kusa da babban coci tare da manyan fada, majami'u, da kagara. Ko da yake birnin ya rasa muhimmancinsa na siyasa a ƙarƙashin mulkin Kirista, ya ci gaba da taka muhimmiyar rawa a kasuwanci albarkacin ma'adinan Sierra Morena da ke kusa.

## Iyakokin yanki

Cibiyar tarihi kamar yadda UNESCO ta ayyana ta ƙunshi gine-gine da kuma kunkuntar titunan da ke kewaye da babban cocin. Tana iyaka da kudu ta Kogin Guadalquivir don haɗawa da gadar Roman da Hasumiyar Calahorra, a gabas ta Calle San Fernando, kuma a arewa ta cibiyar kasuwanci. A yamma, ya haɗa da Alcázar da gundumar San Basilio.

## Abubuwan tunawa
Ana iya ganin shaidar zamanin Romawa a gada mai tsayi 16 a kan Guadalquivir, mosaics a cikin Alcázar, ginshiƙan haikalin Romawa, da ragowar bangon Romawa. Baya ga Bakin Halifa, tasirin Moorish a cikin ƙirar birni yana bayyana a cikin lambunan Alcázar da ke kusa da tsohon Masallacin Harami. Minarets daga lokacin sun tsira a cikin majami'u na Santiago, San Lorenzo, San Juan da Santa Clara Hermitage. Ana iya ganin kasancewar Yahudawa a lokacin mulkin Musulmai a gundumar La Judería inda aka yi amfani da majami'a har zuwa 1492.

Alcázar, asalin gidan sarauta na Moorish, an daidaita shi don zama wurin zama ga sarakunan Kirista a ƙarni na 14 yayin da Hasumiyar Calahorra, da Almohads suka gina, Sarki Henry II ya sake yin aikin gabaɗaya a 1369. ƙaramin Chapel na San Bartolomé ya kasance. An kammala shi a cikin salon Gothic-Mudéjar a cikin 1410. Asalin coci, tsohon Asibitin San Sebastián, yanzu Cibiyar Majalisa, an kammala shi a cikin 1516 a hade da tsarin Gothic, Mudéjar da Renaissance. Sauran majami'u daga lokacin sun haɗa da San Nicolás da San Francisco.

Hakanan akwai wasu mahimman gine-gine na ƙarni na 16 da suka haɗa da Seminary San Pelagio, Puerta del Puente, da Palacio del Marqués de la Fuensanta del Valle wanda Hernán Ruiz ya tsara. Hakanan abin lura shine Asibitin del Cardenal Salazar na ƙarni na 18 tare da facade na Baroque.

Sauran abubuwan tarihi na tarihi a cikin tsohon garin sun hada da Fadar Episcopal da aka gina akan ragowar tsohuwar fadar Visigoth kuma yanzu gidan kayan tarihi na Diocesan Fine Arts, da Royal Stables wanda Sarki Philip II ya gina a 1570 a matsayin wani bangare na Alcázar.

## Hotuna

File:Spain Andalusia Cordoba BW 2015-10-27 12-11-57.jpg|Gadar Romawa
File:Puerta del Puente, Córdoba (España).JPG|Puerta del Puente
File:Spain Andalusia Cordoba BW 2015-10-27 13-54-14.jpg|Masallaci - Cathedral na Córdoba
File:Sinagoga de Córdoba (España).jpg|majami'a na Córdoba
File:Capilla de Santiago (s. XV).jpg|ƙaramin cocin San Bartolome 
File:Cordoba - Iglesia de San Nicolas de la Villa - 01.jpg|Cocin San Nicolás
File:Interior de los Baños Califales (Córdoba, Spain).jpg|gidajen wanka na Caliphal 
File:Spain Andalusia Cordoba BW 2015-10-27 12-23-39.jpg|Tsohon Asibitin San Sebastián
File:Facultad de Filosofía y Letras (UCO).jpg|Tsohon Asibitin del Cardenal Salazar
File:33 - Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos.jpg|Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos
File:Torre de la Calahorra.jpg|hasumiyar Calahorra 
File:Palacio Episcopal de Córdoba.JPG|Fadar Episcopal na Cordoba
File:Alcazar Cordoba Roman mosaic 02.jpg|Roman mosaic
File:Roman columns in Córdoba, Spain.jpg|ginshikan Romawa


## Manazarta