Nicki R. Crick

**Nicki Rae Crick** (an haife ta a watan Fabrairu 6, 1958 - Oktoba 28, 2012) Masaniyar ilimin halayyar dan adam ce kuma farfesa a fannin ci gaban yara da nazarin iyali da aka sani a duniya saboda bincikenta game da tashin hankali na dangantaka, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin amfani da dangantaka a matsayin wakilai na cutarwa (misali, ta hanyar tsegumi, warewar zamantakewa, janye ƙauna).  A lokacin mutuwarta, ta rike mukamin Farfesa na Jami'ar McKnight da Irving B. Harris Farfesa na Ilimin Yara a Cibiyar Ci gaban Yara, Jami'ar Minnesota . 

Crick ta sami kyaututtuka masu daraja saboda gudummawar da ta bayar a matsayin masanin kimiyya, gami da Kyautar Ƙungiyar Psychological ta Amirka don Kyautattun Ayyuka na Farko ga Psychology a cikin 2002  da Kyautar Boyd McCandless daga APA Division 7 (Developmental Psychology) a cikin 1995.  Ta kasance Fellow na Association for Psychological Science da American Psychological Association (Division 7). 

## Ilimi da koyarwa
Crick ta sami B.A./B.S. digiri a cikin ilimin halayyar dan adam da digiri na biyu a cikin ci gaban ɗan adam da nazarin iyali a Jami'ar Purdue . Ta sami Ph.D. a cikin Clinical Psychology a 1992 daga Jami'ar Vanderbilt, inda ta yi karatu a ƙarƙashin kulawar Kenneth Dodge .  Bayan kammala karatunta, ta shiga bangaren Sashen Ilimin Halitta a Jami'ar Illinois a Urbana-Champaign . A shekara ta 1996, Crick ta koma Jami'ar Minnesota, inda ta yi aiki a bangaren koyarwa na Cibiyar Ci gaban Yara.

## Bincike
Ayyukan bincike na Crick ta yi niyyar inganta ingantaccen ci gaban matasa. A cikin aikinta game da Cin zarafin abokan hulɗa, Crick ta lura cewa nau'ikan cin zarafin abokin hulɗa waɗanda suka zama ruwan dare a cikin ƙungiyoyin 'yan yara maza ba sa faruwa akai-akai a cikin ƙungiukan' yan mata, kuma ta kammala cewa' yan mata galibi ana cin zarafin su, yayin da yara maza suka fi cin zarafin juna. Crick ya wallafa wasu labarai masu tasiri game da cin zarafin takwarorinsu ciki har da "Binciken lura da aka kawo kuma aka karɓa da tashin hankali, jinsi, da gyare-gyaren zamantakewar al'umma a makarantar sakandare: "Wannan White Crayon Ba ya aiki ...".

Ayyukan Crick game da tashin hankali na yara sun nuna cewa, a matsayin rukuni, yara maza sun fi tashin hankali fiye da 'yan mata. Binciken da ta yi ya nuna cewa wannan binciken ya nuna rashin bincike kan nau'ikan tashin hankali da suka dace da 'yan mata maimakon ainihin bambancin jinsi a matakan tashin hankali gaba ɗaya. Hanyar tashin hankali da aka yi la'akari da ita ta zama na 'yan mata, tashin hankali na dangantaka, an tantance shi tare da kayan aikin gabatarwa a cikin yara na uku zuwa na shida. Sakamakon ya ba da shaida ga inganci da bambancin tsarin tashin hankali na dangantaka, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin ayyukan da aka yi niyyar cutar da wasu ta hanyar sarrafa matsayinsu na zamantakewa da dangantaka. Baya ga gano cewa 'yan mata sun fi tsattsauran ra'ayi fiye da yara maza, ta sami shaidar cewa yara masu tsattsa ra'ayi suna cikin haɗari don matsaloli masu tsanani.

Binciken da Crick ya yi game da tashin hankali na dangantaka ya bincika halayen da suka shafi warewar jama'a ko yada jita-jita masu banƙyama. Binciken ya nuna cewa 'yan mata sun fi shiga cikin nau'ikan tashin hankali na dangantaka fiye da nau'ikan zalunci na jiki wanda a baya ya kama mafi yawan hankali. Binciken Crick ya rubuta mummunan sakamako na tashin hankali ga wadanda abin ya shafa da masu aikata laifin, wanda ya tilasta masu binciken tashin hankali su fadada karatun su na tashin hankali don haɗawa da halayen tashin hankali. A zuciya, ta kasance mai basira mai basira wanda ya ɗauki haɗari don haɓaka matakan da suka dace da ma'ana. Haɗuwa da ƙarfin ka'idoji da na hanya ya canza yadda mutane ke nazarin tashin hankali a yau.

## Mutuwa
Crick ya mutu a ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 2012, yana da shekaru 54 daga ciwon daji.

## Littattafan wakilci

* [Hasiya] (2009). Masu gabatar da hanyoyi daban-daban zuwa rikicewar mutum a cikin yara da matasa: Sashe na 1 [Special Issue]. Ci gaba da Ciwon Zuciya, 21, 683-1030.
* [Hasiya] (1999). Hanyoyin dangantaka da na jiki na cin zarafin daidaito a makarantar sakandare. *Ilimin halayyar ci gaba, 35*, 376-385.
* [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Bincike da sake fasalin hanyoyin sarrafa bayanai na zamantakewa a cikin gyaran zamantakewar yara. [Hasiya]
* [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Rikicin dangantaka, jinsi, da daidaitawar zamantakewar al'umma. *Ci gaban Yara, 66* (3), 710-722.

## Manazarta