Red bean rice

**Red bean shinkafa**, wanda ake kira ***patbap*** a cikin Koriya, ***sekihan*** () a cikin Jafananci, da hóngdòu fàn () a cikin Sinanci, abinci ne na shinkafa na Gabashin Asiya wanda ya ƙunshi shinkafa da aka dafa tare da jan wake.

## Nau'o'in Gabashin Asiya

### China
Hóngdòu fàn (红豆饭) abinci ne na gargajiya na kasar Sin da ake samu a wasu yankuna na kasar Sin. Ya zama ruwan dare a Lardin Jiangsu kuma ana cinye shi a lokacin Ranar Kayan Wutar. Wani labari daga yankin Dafeng na Yancheng, Jiangsu ya ce mutane suna cin kwano na shinkafa mai tsami da aka gauraya da jan wake a ranar Winter Clothes a Jiangsu don tunawa da wani yaro makiyayi wanda mai gida ya kashe. An ce tun da daɗewa, an haifi wani saurayi makiyayi mai kyau a cikin iyali matalauta. Iyayensa ba za su iya tallafa masa ba, don haka ya yi rayuwa ta hanyar kiwo ga mai gida. Wata rana, rashin kulawarsa wajen kula da tumaki ya haifar da cewa waɗannan tumakin sun fada cikin kwari kuma sun mutu. Bayan ya ji labarin, mai gidan ya yi fushi sosai. Sakamakon haka, ya doke kuma ya tsawata wa yaron makiyayi. Yaron makiyayi ya roki mai gidan ya dakatar da bugawa amma bai yi ba. Lokacin da yaron makiyayi ya yi imanin cewa zai mutu daga duka, sai ya yi yaƙi da mai gidan, amma mai gidan ya ɗauki wuka kusa da shi ya kashe yaron. Jinin yaron makiyayi ya shafa shinkafa mai tsami a ƙasa ja. Ba zato ba tsammani, wannan rana ita ce 1 ga Oktoba.

A cikin 2015, an ba da shinkafa ga Firayim Minista na Indiya, Narendra Modi a wani biki na jihar tare da Babban Sakataren Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta kasar Sin, Xi Jinping a Xi'an, Lardin Shaanxi. 

### Japan

*Sekihan* (, lit. , shinkafa da aka tafasa tare da ja beans ) abinci ne na gargajiya na Japan. Shinkafa ce mai mannewa da aka dafa da wake, wanda ke ba da launin ja ga shinkafa, saboda haka sunansa.

The rice of ancient times of Japan was red. Therefore, red rice was used in Shinto . Red rice has a strong taste of tannin, and its cultivation has been almost completely abandoned.

Sau da yawa ana ba da Sekihan a lokuta na musamman a duk shekara a Japan, alal misali, ranar haihuwar, bukukuwan aure da wasu bukukuwa, kamar Shichi-Go-San .  A wasu wurare ana yin sa ne a al'ada lokacin da budurwa ta kai ga menarche, kodayake wannan ba sananne ba ne yanzu fiye da yadda yake a baya.

Sekihan yana da alaƙa sosai da bukukuwan da kalmar nan "Bari mu sami sekihan" ta sami ma'anar "Bari mu yi bikin".  [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida] An yi imanin cewa ana amfani da sekihan don bukukuwa saboda launin ja, alama ce ta farin ciki a Japan.

Yawancin lokaci ana cinye shi nan da nan bayan dafa abinci amma ana iya cinye shi a zafin jiki na ɗaki, kamar yadda yake a cikin bikin bento (ƙwallon abincin rana). Ana cin Sekihan da gomashio (haɗewar sesame da gishiri).

Har ila yau, akwai nau'ikan yanki na sekihan. Wasu sassan suna kira ga sukari maimakon gishiri don ba da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano. Sauran suna amfani da amanattō (abin da aka yi da wake) ko sasage (baƙar wake) maimakon adzuki.

### Koriya

**, lit.'ja bean shinkafa') fari bap ne (abin dafa hatsi) wanda aka yi da shinkafa mai gajeren hatsi da azuki. &#x2009;An ambaci *Patbap* a cikin takardu kamar *Joseon Mussangsinsik Yorijaebeop* (Korean; : 朝鮮無雙新式料理製法), littafin dafa abinci na farko wanda ya tattara bayanin yadda za a yi abincin gargajiya na Joseon. Musamman girke-girke ne na gargajiya na Lardin Pyongan, inda ake shuka wake da yawa. A cikin al'adun Koriya, yawanci ana cinye shi a cikin watanni na hunturu, amma kuma ana shirya shi don bukukuwa da ranar haihuwar. Saboda wannan dalili wani lokacin ana kiransa "shinkafa ta ranar haihuwar".

*Patbap* yawanci ana yin sa ne kamar yadda ake yin *huinbap* (farin shinkafa da aka dafa), tare da ƙarin mataki na gauraya dukkan albarkatun da aka dafa tare da fararen shinkafa kafin tafasa. Za'a iya amfani da sabo, ba tare da bushewa ba. Za'a iya amfani da shinkafa sassan hudu da wake na adzuki, amma ana iya daidaita adadin wake na adzuk zuwa dandano. A wasu yankuna, ana yin amfani da wake mai launin ja ko baƙar fata kafin a gauraya shi da shinkafa mai laushi. A cikin abincin gidan sarauta na Koriya, ana dafa shinkafa a cikin ruwa inda aka dafa wake na adzuki.

* *Patbap* - Ana dafa wake na Adzuki tare da kashi 6-7 na ruwa har sai an dafa shi amma ba shi da lalacewa. Ana haɗa su da shinkafa mai laushi, sannan a sake tafasa su cikin ruwa. Yawancin lokaci, ana amfani da ruwa mai sauƙi da aka gauraya da ruwan da aka tafasa wake.
* *Budungpat-bap* - *Budung-pat* yana nufin sabo (maimakon bushewa) wake. Ana haɗa sabbin wake na adzuki tare da shinkafa da aka tsoma kuma an dafa su. Ana amfani da ruwa kaɗan fiye da busassun wake kamar yadda sabo yana dauke da danshi.
* *Geopipat-bap* - *Geopi-pat* na nufin wake mai laushi. Ana yin amfani da wake ja ko baƙar fata, ana amfani da dutse mai niƙa, kuma an haɗa shi da shinkafa mai laushi. Kwayoyin da aka yi da itacen adzuki suna da launin fari na hauren giwa.
* *Jungdung-bap* (중 Eduardo밥) - Ana tafasa dukkan wake a cikin ruwa kuma a sieve su, don a iya amfani da ruwa don yin shinkafa mai launin ja. Ana iya sanya jan wake da aka sieved kuma a yi amfani da shi a cikin kayan zaki. Idan kuma an gauraya sha'ir, ana kiran abincin *pat-bori-bap* ([[[[[]]]]]; "adzuki bean da shinkafa na sha'ir").  A cikin Lardin Gangwon, abincin da aka yi da ƙwayoyin masara (maimakon shinkafa) da wake adzuki ana kiransa *okusu-pat-bap* (mod수수수ち; "masara da shinkafa").

## Dubi kuma

* *Kongbap* - irin wannan abincin Koriya da aka yi da soya
* *Patjuk* - jan wake porridge
* Red bean cake - irin wannan abincin shinkafa na Japan da aka yi da jan wake
* Red beans da shinkafa

## Bayanan da aka ambata

## Haɗin waje

* Shinkafa tare da wake azuki (osekihan) girke-girke