Kotun Tarayya ta Ostiraliya

**Kotun Tarayya ta Ostiraliya** babbar kotu ce ta Ostiraliya wacce ke da hurumin tuntuɓar mafi yawan rikice-rikicen farar hula da dokar tarayya ke gudanarwa (ban da al'amuran dokar iyali ), tare da wasu taƙaitaccen bayani (mafi girma) da kuma abubuwan da ba a iya tantancewa (mafi tsanani).  Ana sauraron shari'o'i a farkon shari'a galibi daga alkalai marasa aure. A lokuta masu mahimmanci, za a iya kiran cikakken kotu da ta ƙunshi alkalai uku bayan da babban alkalin kotun ya yanke shawara. Har ila yau, Kotun tana da ikon daukaka kara, wanda aka fi yin amfani da shi ta hanyar Cikakken Kotun da ke kunshe da alkalai uku (ko da yake wani lokaci ta hanyar kwamitin alkalai biyar, wani lokaci kuma ta hanyar alƙali ɗaya), hanya ɗaya tilo na daukaka kara daga wanda ya ta'allaka ne ga Babban Kotun Ostiraliya . A cikin matsayi na kotunan Australiya, Kotun Tarayya tana da matsayi daidai da kotunan koli na kowace jihohi da yankuna. Dangane da sauran kotunan da ke cikin rafin tarayya, ya fi Kotun Da'irar Tarayya da Kotun Iyali ta Ostiraliya don duk hukunce-hukunce ban da dokar iyali . An kafa shi a cikin 1976 ta Dokar Kotun Tarayya ta Ostiraliya.

Babban alkalin kotun tarayya shine Debra Mortimer .

## Hukunci
Kotun Tarayya ba ta da hurumin tsarin mulki- hukunce-hukuncen ta na bin doka ne.   Asalin ikon kotun ya haɗa da batutuwan da suka taso daga dokokin Commonwealth kamar, alal misali, al'amuran da suka shafi haraji, ayyukan kasuwanci, lakabi na asali, dukiyar ilimi, dangantakar masana'antu, kamfanoni, shige da fice da kuma fatara.  

Kotun Tarayya ta Ostiraliya kuma tana da hurumin daukaka kara daga Sashe na 2 na Kotun Da'irar Tarayya da Kotun Iyali ta Ostiraliya kan duk al'amuran dokokin tarayya na gaba ɗaya (ana ɗaukaka al'amuran dokar iyali zuwa Sashe na 1 na wannan Kotun).  Kotun kuma tana yin amfani da ikon ɗaukaka ƙararraki na gabaɗaya a cikin laifuka da al'amuran jama'a kan ƙarar Kotun Koli na tsibirin Norfolk ;   kuma yana yin amfani da ikon daukaka kara a cikin kararraki daga kotunan koli ta jiha a wasu al'amuran tarayya.  Sauran kotunan tarayya da kotuna inda Kotun ta yi amfani da ikon daukaka kara sun hada da Hukumar Yaki da Doping ta Wasannin Australiya  da Hukumar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam da Daidaita Dama . 

Kotun tana da hurumin lokaci guda tare da Kotun Koli ta Babban Birnin Ostiraliya da Kotun Koli ta Arewa game da al'amuran jama'a da suka taso a ƙarƙashin waɗannan dokokin yankuna.   

## Kotuna masu alaƙa
Hukuncin Kotun Tarayya ta Ostiraliya ya haɗa da ikon da tsoffin kotunan tarayya uku suka yi amfani da su a baya, Kotun Tarayya ta Rarraba, Kotun Masana'antu ta Commonwealth da Kotun Hulɗar Masana'antu ta Ostiraliya .

### Kotun Tarayya ta Bankruptcy
Kotun Tarayya ta Tarayya tana da iko a cikin al'amuran fatarar kuɗi kuma an ƙirƙira shi a cikin 1930.  An tura ikon mallakar fatarar zuwa Kotun Tarayya ta Ostiraliya a lokacin da aka kafa a 1977. 

### Kotun Masana'antu ta Commonwealth
An kafa Kotun Masana'antu ta Commonwealth a cikin 1956 sakamakon *[[R v Kirby; Ex parte Boilermakers' Society of Australia|shari'ar Boilermaker]]*,  inda Kotun Koli ta yanke hukuncin cewa Kotun Babi na III ba za ta iya aiwatar da ikon da ba na shari'a ba, aikin sasantawa, saboda tsarin raba iko a Ostiraliya .  An ba da ayyukan shari'a ga sabuwar Kotun Masana'antu ta Commonwealth da aka kafa kuma an ba da ayyukan sasantawa ga Hukumar sulhu da sasantawa ta Commonwealth . 

An sake sanya wa kotun suna Kotun Masana'antu ta Australiya a cikin 1973.  A cikin 1977 an tura ikon Kotun Masana'antu ta Australiya zuwa Kotun Tarayya ta Ostiraliya. 

### Kotun Dangantakar Masana'antu ta Ostiraliya
A cikin 1993 an tura ikon dangantakar masana'antu na Kotun Tarayya ta Ostiraliya zuwa Kotun Hulɗar Masana'antu ta Ostiraliya,  kuma an mayar da ita zuwa Kotun Tarayya ta Ostiraliya a 1996.  Alƙali na ƙarshe na Kotun Hulɗar Masana'antu, Anthony North, ya yi ritaya a watan Satumba na 2018.   kotun bisa hukuma a ranar 11 ga Maris.

## Manazarta