Ragnhild Nikoline Andersen

**Ragnhild Nikoline Andersen** (1907-1990) ya kasance 'Yan kungiyar kwadago ta Denmark, ɗan siyasa, kuma memba ne na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Denmark (DKP). A lokacin da Jamus ta mamaye Denmark a yakin duniya na biyu, Gestapo ta tura ta sansanin Stutthof kusa da Gdansk a Poland, inda ta kwashe watanni 20 a cikin mummunan yanayi kafin a ceto ta. Bayan yakin, an zabe ta zuwa Folketing, ta zama memba na kwamitin tsakiya na DKP kuma ɗaya daga cikin fitattun mambobin jam'iyyar. Ta inganta damar samun zubar da ciki da inganta haƙƙin mata.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haife ta a ranar 18 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1907 a Yderby a kan iyakar Sjællands Odde, Ragnhild Nikoline Andersen 'yar masanin tashar jiragen ruwa Nikolaj Andreas Andersen (1875-1954) da Gertrud Birgitte née Hansen (1881-1964). A shekara ta 1937, ta auri Finn Johannes Salemonsson amma an rushe auren a shekara ta 1949. A shekara ta 1952, ta auri ɗan siyasan kwaminisanci Peter Alfred Jensen (1903-1988). 

An haife shi a Sjællands Odde, Andersen shine kadai daga cikin yara bakwai na iyali wanda ya ji daɗin karatu mai yawa. A shekara ta 1925, ta koma Copenhagen, inda ta yi ayyuka daban-daban na ofis. Ta shiga Danmarks Kommunistike Ungdom (yunkurin matasa na kwaminisanci) da ƙungiyar kwadago ta HK . Wani memba mai aiki na kungiyar yara ta Unge Pionerere, ta shirya mujallarsu daga 1928 kuma ta bi ƙungiyar yara a kan tafiya zuwa Tarayyar Soviet a 1929. A lokacin da ta dawo ta bar aikin ofis don ta fara aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar ƙarfe a masana'antar rediyo inda ta shiga Kungiyar Ma'aikatan Mata ta Denmark (KAD), daga baya ta zama fitacciyar memba. Ta yi aiki tare da ƙungiyar mata, da yawa daga cikinsu kwaminisanci ne, kamar shugabansu Inger Gamburg wanda ta haɓaka abota ta kusa.

A cikin 1929, Andersen ta zama memba na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Denmark inda ta kasance mai aiki a cikin shekarun 1930. A wannan lokacin, ta shiga cikin zanga-zangar da irin waɗannan ayyukan siyasa. A wani lokaci, ta hau kan mutum-mutumi na Adam Oehlenschläger a kan Kongens Nytorv a tsakiyar Copenhagen kuma ta yi ƙoƙari ta yi magana da mabiyanta. Duk da haka an kama ta ba da daɗewa ba saboda halin rikici.[1]

Lokacin da aka ayyana jam'iyyar kwaminisanci ba bisa ka'ida ba a ƙarƙashin mamayar Jamus, sai ta tafi karkashin kasa amma nan da nan aka kama ta kuma aka tura ta gidan yarin Vestre a watan Satumbar 1941 sannan zuwa Horserød .  A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1943, tare da wasu mata shida na kwaminisanci da maza 143, Gestapo ta tura ta zuwa sansanin Stutthof kusa da Gdansk. Bayan watanni 20 masu ban tsoro na bauta, shida daga cikin bakwai sun koma Denmark a 1945 bayan 'yancin kasar a ƙarshen yaƙin. Andersen ta ba da labarin abubuwan da ta samu a cikin cikakkun bayanai a cikin *Vi blev reddet Danna Gang* (An cece mu a wannan lokacin) wanda aka buga a 1945  .

A cikin kaka na 1945, tare da wasu kwaminisanci 17, an zabe ta zuwa Folketing kuma an sake zabar ta a 1947. Bayan ta fara wakiltar mazabar Frederiksborg, a 1950 an zabe ta a matsayin wakilin Copenhagen, ta zama fitacciyar memba na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis. Ta kasance mai aiki sosai a kan batutuwan zamantakewa, tana kira ga inganta yanayin marasa galihu, don kafa asibitocin jima'i, don samun damar zubar da ciki da kuma haƙƙin mace na aiki na ɗan lokaci. Ta ci gaba da tsayawa takarar Jam'iyyar Kwaminis amma ba a sake zabar ta ba. A shekara ta 1968, ta sami kuri'u da yawa fiye da sauran kwaminisanci biyu, duk da gaskiyar cewa ita ce kawai lamba uku a jerin jam'iyyar.

Ragnhild Andersen ya mutu a Copenhagen a ranar 8 ga Mayu 1990.  An binne ta a Kabari na Vestre . 

## Manazarta