'Yanci na Magana (littafi)

**Ƴanci na magana** wani littafi ne da Kembrew McLeod ya rubuta game da batutuwan 'yancin magana da suka shafi ra'ayoyin dukiyar ilimi. An fara buga littafin ne a shekara ta 2005 ta hanyar Doubleday a matsayin Freedom of Expression®: Overzealous Copyright Bozos and Other Enemies of Creativity, kuma a shekara ta 2007 ta Jami'ar Minnesota Press a matsayin Freedom for Expression® (Tsayayya da Kaddamarwa a cikin Age of Intellectual Property). Littafin littafin ya haɗa da gabatarwa ta Lawrence Lessig. Marubucin ya ba da labarin tarihin amfani da zane-zane na al'adu, zane-zane ba bisa ka'ida ba, da kuma amfani da ayyukan haƙƙin mallaka a cikin fasaha a matsayin hanyar amfani mai kyau da bayyanawa mai ban sha'awa. Littafin yana ƙarfafa mai karatu ya ci gaba da irin wannan amfani a cikin fasaha da sauran nau'ikan bayyanawa.

Littafin ya sami karbuwa mai kyau kuma Cibiyar Nazarin 'Yancin Ilimin Ilimin Ilimi ta Ƙungiyar Laburaren Amirka ta ba McLeod lambar yabo ta Eli M. Oboler Memorial Award, wanda ke girmama "aikin da aka buga mafi kyau a fannin' yancin ilimi". Wani bita a cikin The American Scholar ya ce McLeod " ... ya ba da labari mai rai, na sirri game da hanyoyin da dukiyar ilimi ke rikici da mutane - da kuma yadda yake rikici da dukiyar hankali. " American Book Review ya ce aikin "wani tsari ne mai basira na misalai" ga waɗanda suka saba da batun batun. *Jaridar Al'adun Jama'a* ta kira shi "wani bayani, mai tayar da hankali, kuma a wasu lokuta bincike mai ban dariya na takamaiman hanyoyin da ake amfani da ra'ayoyin ke hana kerawa a al'adun zamani. " Publishers Weekly ya ce ra'ayoyi na McLeod sun yi magana game da dukiyar ilimi ta hanyar masana kimiyya - gami da Lessig.&nbsp;&nbsp;

## Tarihi

McLeod ya fara buga littafin a matsayin tarin rubuce-rubuce a cikin tsarin mujallu. An fara buga 'yancin Magana a cikin littafi a cikin shekara ta dubu biyu da biyar 2005 ta Doubleday a matsayin 'yancin Bayyanawa®: Overzealous Copyright Bozos and Other Enemies of Creativity,  kuma a cikin 2007 ta Jami'ar Minnesota Press a matsayin 'Yancin Magana®: Resistance and Repression in the Age of Intellectual Property.   An buga littafin na 2005 kyauta ta hanyar lasisin Creative Commons

Gidauniyar Ilimi ta Media ta fitar da fim din DVD na shekarar dubu biyu da bakwai 2007 wanda ke nuna McLeod, Jeremy Smith, Sut Jhally, da Jeremy Earp .  Naomi Klein ce ta ba da labarin shirin kuma ya haɗa da hira da Lessig, Siva Vaidhyanathan - masanin kimiyya na Jami'ar Virginia a cikin nazarin kafofin watsa labarai; Inga Chernyak - wanda ya kafa Al'adun Free a Jami'ar New York, da Mark Hosler na Negativland . 

## Abinda ke ciki

A cikin Freedom of Expression®, Kembrew McLeod ya tattauna manufar 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki game da ka'idojin al'adu da kuma yadda al'umma ke bawa kamfanoni damar rinjayar magana. McLeod ya tattauna nasa wasan kwaikwayo, kamar rajistar shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da casa’in da takwas 1998 na kalmar "yancin faɗar albarkacin baki" a matsayin Alamar kasuwanci. A shekara ta alif dubu daya da dari tara da casa’in da takwas 1998, ya yi rajistar kalmar "Freedom of Expression" a matsayin alamar kasuwanci a Amurka,   kuma ya ce zai fara karar mutane da suka yi amfani da wannan magana ba tare da izininsa ba. McLeod ya ce, "Idan ACLU ta so ta fitar da mujallar da take da taken **''<nowiki/>'Yanci na Magana'<nowiki/>**, dole ne su biya ni sarauta. "  Bayan kamfanin sadarwa na ATamp;T ya yi amfani da wannan magana a lokacin kamfen ɗin talla, lauyan McLeod sun aika da wasika don neman AT&T ta daina amfani da kalmar alamar kasuwancinsa.[the] A cikin littafinsa Owning Culture: Authorship, Ownership, and Intellectual Property Law, McLeod ya ce niyyarsa tare da rajistar "Freedom of Expression" shine ya fara sharhi na zamantakewa a cikin kafofin watsa labarai, yana cewa, "Zan bar labarin labarai da kansa ya zama sharhi na jama'a. "  Maganar alamar kasuwanci daga baya ta koma cikin yankin jama'a . ''

McLeod ya kuma tattauna tarihin zane-zane na al'adu, yana ba da labarin abubuwan da suka faru kamar salon zane-zane da kuma abin da ya faru wanda Vanna White ta fara karar da aka yi wa kamannin mutum-mutumi don keta haƙƙin mallaka. Ya bincika manufar amfani mai kyau kuma yana ƙarfafa mai karatu ya yi amfani da ayyukan haƙƙin mallaka a wasu nau'ikan zane-zane. Ya kuma ba da tarihin waƙar "Happy Birthday to You", bayani game da amfani da samfurin masana'antar kiɗa, kuma yayi tattauna fasahar haramtacciyar doka. McLeod ya ce barazanar karar daga kamfani ba lallai bane ya nuna ainihin ayyukan aikata laifuka, kuma ana iya shawo kan waɗannan barazanar da aka yi wa fasaha da kerawa ta hanyar ƙuduri.

## Karɓar baƙi
A shekara ta 2006, Intellectual Freedom Round Table (IFRT) - kwamitin American Library Association (ALA) - ya ba McLeod lambar yabo ta Eli M. Oboler Memorial,   wanda ya amince da "mafi kyawun aikin da aka buga a fannin 'yancin ilimi.  A cikin sanarwar sanarwar manema labarai bayan gabatar da McLeod tare da kyautar, Shugaban Kwamitin Fred Stielow ya yi sharhi, "McLeod yana kama canji mai girma daga daidaitawa tsakanin haƙƙin mallaka na mai kirkirar da damar jama'a.

## Dubi kuma

* Censorship
* Censorship a Amurka
* 'Yanci na magana ta ƙasa
* 'Yanci na magana a Amurka
* 'Yanci na' yan jarida
* Kasuwancin Kasuwanci na Duniya

## Manazarta