Helen Megaw

**Helen Dick Megaw** (1 Yuni 1907 - 26 Fabrairu 2002)  ta kasance X-ray crystallography">mai rubutun kirista na Irish wanda ya kasance majagaba a cikin X-ray crystallography .  Ta yi ma'auni na girman tantanin halitta na kankara kuma ta kafa tsarin lu'ulu'u na Perovskite.

## Ilimi da aiki
An haifi Megaw a Dublin ga malamin lissafi Annie McElderry (1874-1968) da alƙali Robert Megaw, masu digiri biyu na Jami'ar Sarauniya ta Belfast waɗanda dukansu sun fito ne daga Ballymoney, Antrim .  Ta yi karatu da farko a Kwalejin Alexandra a Dublin, sannan a takaice a Kwalejiyar Methodist a Belfast bayan iyalin (ciki har da ƙaramin ɗan'uwa John, daga baya babban alƙali) suka koma can a 1921, kuma a ƙarshe a Makarantar Roedean a Ingila. Yayinda yake a makaranta, Megaw ya karanta Bragg's X-rays da Crystal Structure .  Ta yi shekara guda a Jami'ar Sarauniya, Belfast  kafin ta koma Kwalejin Girton, Cambridge don karatun Kimiyya ta Halitta a shekarar 1926. Ta kammala karatu a 1930 kuma ta kasance ɗaliba ce mai bincike a cikin crystallography a karkashin J. D. Bernal .  Kwarewar farko ta Megaw ita ce tsarin kankara, kuma an ba ta lambar yabo ta PhD a 1934,  kuma Girton ta ba ta kyautar binciken Hertha Ayrton wanda ta yi amfani da ita don karatu a Vienna a 1934-1935 a ƙarƙashin Hermann Francis Mark . A cikin 1935 Megaw ya buga tare da Bernal wata hanya mai tasiri don gyara matsayin kwayar hydrogen da aka sani da samfurin Bernal-Megaw .  Ta shafe shekara ta 1935-1936 a Oxford tare da Francis Simon  sannan ta shafe shekaru da yawa a matsayin malami a makaranta kafin ta zama mai rubutun masana'antu tare da Philips Lamps a London a 1943. Ta hanyar aiki a Philips a kan titanate na barium ne Megaw ta fara aiki a kan tsarin lu'ulu'u na perovskite, wanda ta kafa kanta a matsayin sanannen masani. A shekara ta 1945 Megaw ya koma aiki tare da Bernal, yanzu a Kwalejin Birkbeck a Landan, na shekara guda kafin ya dauki matsayi a Laboratory na Cavendish a Cambridge. Ta zama Fellow da Darakta na Nazarin a Girton . Megaw ta yi ritaya a 1972 kuma ta raba lokacinta tsakanin Cambridge da Ballycastle, County Antrim, inda ta mutu a shekara ta 2002.

Littafinta na farko, Ferroelectricity in Crystals, an buga shi a shekara ta 1957.  Littafin na biyu, Crystal Structures: a Working Approach, ya biyo baya a 1973.

Bayan tattaunawa da Mark Hartland Thomas a cikin 1949 (babban jami'in masana'antu na Majalisar Masana'antu), an nada Megaw a matsayin mai ba da shawara na kimiyya ga Ƙungiyar Bikin Bikin Burtaniya, 1951. Ta kuma zama babbar mai motsa kimiyya a cikin rukuni wanda ya sanya hotuna na crystallographic a hannun masu zanen masana'antu don su yi amfani da su a cikin samfuran da aka nuna a bikin kuma a wasu lokuta bayan haka. A cikin 2019, an nuna wasu samfurori na masana'anta na Megaw a Gidan Tarihin Kimiyya, London a matsayin wani ɓangare na nune-nunen "The Art of Innovation"  wanda ya bincika alaƙar da ke tsakanin fasaha da kimiyya.

## Kyauta da girmamawa
Don nuna godiya ga aikinta wajen tantance tsarin lu'ulu'u na kankara, an sanya mata suna Tsibirin Megaw a Kudancin Tekun. Megawite (CaSnO3), ma'adinai na rukuni na perovskite, an kuma sanya masa suna.

A shekara ta 1976, Megaw ya ba da tarin samfuran masana'antu daga Bikin Burtaniya tare da littafin jagora na tunawa ga Gidan Tarihin Kimiyya a London.

A shekara ta 1989, Megaw ta zama mace ta farko da ta karbi lambar yabo ta Roebling na Mineralogical Society of America . Tana da digirin digirin girmamawa daga Jami'o'in Cambridge da Jami'ar Sarauniya ta Belfast . 

## Bayanan littattafai

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## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Tarin samfurori na Megaw na masana'antu da aka yi wahayi zuwa gare su ta hanyar crystallography daga Festival of Britain; yanzu a Gidan Tarihin Kimiyya, London
* "Littafin Tunawa na Tsarin Crystal" daga Bikin Burtaniya