Anwar Ibrahim

**Anwar bin Ibrahim** (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1947) ɗan siyasan Malaysia ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Firayim Minista na 10 na Malaysia tun daga shekara ta 2022. Ya kasance shugaban jam'iyyar People's Justice Party tun daga 2018 kuma ya wakilci Tambun a Majalisar dokokin Malaysia tun daga 2022. Tun lokacin da ya hau mulki a matsayin Firayim Minista, Anwar ya nada kansa a matsayin Ministan Kudi. Anwar kuma shine shugaban hadin gwiwar Pakatan Harapan tun shekarar 2020.

A cikin shekara ta 2014, Anwar ya yi ƙoƙari ya zama Menteri Besar na Selangor a matsayin wani ɓangare na Kajang Move, wanda ya haifar da rikice-rikicen siyasa na watanni tara wanda ya ƙare da hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru biyar bayan hukuncin sodomy na biyu a cikin shekara ta 2015. [1] Yayinda yake cikin kurkuku, ya sake komawa Mahathir Mohamad a cikin sabon hadin gwiwar Pakatan Harapan (PH) ba tare da halarta ba, wanda ya lashe Babban zaben 2018. Mahathir ya shirya Anwar ya gaji shi a matsayin Firayim Minista bayan wani lokaci na wucin gadi.[2] Sarki Muhammad V ya ba shi Gafarar sarauta kuma ya sake shi a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2018.[3][4] Ya koma majalisa a Zaben Port Dickson na 2018 yayin da matarsa, Wan Azizah Wan Ismail, ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin Firayim Minista a gwamnatin PH. A lokacin Rikicin siyasar Malaysia na 2020-2022, hadin gwiwar PH ta rushe, wanda ya haifar da gwamnatin Perikatan Nasional (PN) a karkashin Muhyiddin Yassin, tare da Anwar ya zama shugaban 'yan adawa na karo na biyu daga 2020 zuwa 2022.

Bayan Babban zaben 2022, inda Pakatan Harapan ya lashe kujeru da yawa, an rantsar da Anwar a matsayin Firayim Minista a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba 2022.[undefined] A ranar 2 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2022, ya nada 'yan majalisa daga PH, Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS), da UMNO a matsayin ministoci a cikin majalisar gwamnati ta hadin kai, yana riƙe da fayil ɗin kuɗi don kansa.[undefined] Gwamnatinsa ta fuskanci zargi game da manufofi masu ra'ayin mazan jiya da rikice-rikice ciki har da sallamar da ba ta kai ga wanke Mataimakin Firayim Minista Ahmad Zahid Hamidi da kuma rage hukuncin tsohon Firayim Ministan Najib Razak.[3][1] A matsayinsa na shugaban ASEAN tun watan Janairun 2025, Anwar ya sauƙaƙa tsagaita wuta tsakanin Thailand da Kambodiya, yana magance takaddamar kan iyaka ta hanyar tashoshin diflomasiyya na yanki.[2]

Anwar an dauke shi a matsayin mai gyarawa mai sassaucin ra'ayi da kuma mai ilimi. Ya yi kira ga Dimokuradiyya ta Musulunci kuma yana fatan Malaysia za ta iya zama misali na mulkin dimokuradiya a Duniyar Musulmi. Ya goyi bayan ra'ayin Musulunci na Ummah a matsayin tsarin dimokuradiyya a cikin ƙasashen Musulmai kuma ya jaddada 'yancin shari'a, kyakkyawan shugabanci, da ƙin mulkin kama karya. Duk da yake da farko yana tallafawa manufofi masu tabbatar da ayyukan Malay a matsayin mai fafutukar matasa, daga baya ya soki *Ketuanan Melayu* kuma ya yi kira ga manufofi na tabbatar da buƙata da tallafin talauci. A lokacin da aka ɗaure shi da kuma shari'o'i, an bayyana shi a matsayin "mutumin hadin kai" ga 'yan adawa. A matsayinsa na Firayim Minista, ya jaddada aiwatar da matakan kamar rage tallafin diesel don alhakin kasafin kudi.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Anwar bin Ibrahim a ranar 10 ga watan Agusta 1947 a Cherok Kun Tok, Bukit Mertajam, Crown Colony of Penang, Malayan Union .  Koyaya, ya kuma bayyana cewa an haife shi a Sungai Bakap, Seberang Perai Selatan, Crown Colony of Penang, Malayan Union a lokacin Zaben jihar a 2023 . Mahaifinsa, Ibrahim bin Abdul Rahman, ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mai ɗaukar asibiti, sannan daga baya ya shiga siyasa a matsayin memba na UMNO. Ibrahim ya lashe zaben a matsayin Seberang Tengah MP a 1959 da 1964, yana aiki a matsayin sakataren majalisa a ma'aikatar kiwon lafiya daga 1964 har zuwa lokacin da aka ci shi a Babban zaben 1969 da dan takarar jam'iyyar Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia Mustapha Hussain . Mahaifiyar Anwar, Che Yan binti Hussein, uwar gida ce mai aiki a cikin siyasar UMNO a Penang wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar UMNO Women for Bukit Mertajam a Penang . 

Anwar ya halarci makarantun firamare guda uku, Sekolah Melayu Sungai Bakap (1955), Sekolah Melayu Cherok Tok Kun (1957) da Sekolah Rendah Stowell, Bukit Mertajam (1959) kuma ya fara karatun sakandare a Makarantar Sakandare ta Bukit Merтаjam (Malay: SMK Tinggi Bukit Mertajam) kafin ya ci gaba a Kwalejin Malay Kuala Kangsar (MCKK). Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Bukit Mertajam na tsawon shekaru uku, inda ya yi fice a ilimi. An zaɓi Anwar don yin jarrabawar musamman don shiga Kwalejin Malay Kuala Kangsar, ɗaya daga cikin ɗalibai uku kawai daga Penang da za a zaba don wannan babbar ma'aikata. Yayinda yake a MCKK, ya shiga cikin ayyukan da aka shirya daban-daban kuma ya wakilci MCKK a gasar muhawara tsakanin makarantu. Ya kuma kasance mai aiki a cikin Kungiyar Harshe ta Malay da wakilin makarantarsa. Yayinda yake karatu a can, ya san shugabannin siyasa da yawa na gaba, kamar Sanusi Junid, Kamaruddin Jaafar da Yahaya Ahmad. Ya kasance matashi na St John Ambulance. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Sakataren kungiyar *Badan Revolusi Agama*, inda Shugaban ya kasance Sanusi Junid, babban jami'insa.

Anwar daga baya ya bi ilimi mafi girma a Jami'ar Malaya, inda ya sami digiri na farko na zane-zane (BA) a Nazarin Malay.  Anwar ya kuma yi aiki a kan Master of Arts (MA) a cikin wallafe-wallafen ta hanyar Jami'ar Kasa ta Malaysia yayin da yake kurkuku daga 1974 zuwa 1975.

## Shekaru na farko da gwagwarmaya (1968-1982)
Daga 1968 zuwa 1971, a matsayin dalibi, Anwar ya kasance shugaban kungiyar National Union of Malaysian Muslim Students . A lokaci guda, ya kuma kasance shugaban Jami'ar Malaya Malay Language Society Persatuan Bahasa Melayu Universiti Malaya (PBMUM)). A shekara ta 1971, ya kasance memba na kwamitin pro tem na Angkatan Belia Islam Malaysia (ABIM) ko Ƙungiyar Matasan Musulmi ta Malaysia, wanda ya kafa. A lokaci guda, an zabe shi a matsayin Shugaban kasa na biyu na Majalisar Matasan Malaysia ko Majlis Belia Malaysia (MBM).

A shekara ta 1974, an kama Anwar yayin zanga-zangar dalibai game da talauci da yunwa a yankunan karkara. Wannan ya zo ne yayin da wani rahoto ya bayyana cewa wani iyali ya mutu daga yunwa a wani kauye a Baling, a jihar Kedah, wanda daga baya aka nuna cewa karya ne. Koyaya, masu amfani da roba a Baling suna fuskantar matsananciyar wahala yayin da farashin roba ya sauka a shekara ta 1974. An tsare shi a kurkuku a karkashin Dokar Tsaro ta Cikin Gida (ISA), wanda ya ba da izinin tsare shi ba tare da shari'a ba kuma ya kwashe watanni 20 a Cibiyar Tsaro ta Kamunting.

Daga 1975 har zuwa 1982, ya yi aiki a matsayin wakilin Asiya Pacific na Majalisar Matasan Musulmi ta Duniya (WAMY). 

Anwar Ibrahim shi ne kuma co-kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Musulunci ta Duniya (IIIT) a Amurka (wanda aka kafa a 1981).  Anwar ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin daraktoci huɗu na aiki, memba na kwamitin IIIT  kuma mai amincewa.  Ya kuma kasance shugaban Jami'ar Musulunci ta Duniya ta Malaysia (IIUM) tsakanin 1988 da 1998.

## Dubi kuma

* Reformasi (Malaysia) 
* Caucus kan Gyara da Gudanarwa
* Jerin shugabannin jihohi da gwamnati na yanzu
* Jerin shugabannin zartarwa ta hanyar amincewa
* Mambobin majalisar dokokin Malaysia da suka wakilci jihohi da yawa

## Manazarta