open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
James Rupert Lawson

**James Rupert Lawson** (5 ga Yuni, 1918 - Yuli 9, 1985) ɗan Ba'amurke ɗan gwagwarmaya ne wanda ya kafa Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙasa ta Duniya.

Mabiyin ra'ayoyin Marcus Garvey, an danganta shi da akidar "bakar kishin kasa" a shekarun 1950 da 1960.

## Shekarun farko
An haifi Lawson a Macon, Georgia, yana karatu a makarantar sakandare a can, sannan ya koma New York, inda ya kasance na tsawon aikinsa. A cikin 1930s ya shiga cikin Harlem Labor Union, wanda Ira Kemp ya kafa. Ƙungiyar tana da falsafar baƙar fata na Garveyite, kuma Kwamitin Ma'aikata na Frank Crosswaith ya yi adawa da shi.

## Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙasar Afirka
A cikin 1948 Lawson ya kafa Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Ƙasa ta Ƙasar Afirka (UANM), wadda ta yi amfani da goyon baya ga sojojin anti-imperialist da kuma inganta Pan-Africanism, a cikin al'adar Garvey. UANM ta dauki nauyin abubuwan da suka faru kamar ranar Garvey a Harlem, bikin aikin Garvey wanda aka yi wa "Miss Africa" ​​rawanin.

A cikin 1950 Lawson ya kasance kurkuku saboda rashin zaman lafiya lokacin da shi da sauran membobin UANM suka yi zanga-zanga a wata cocin Katolika a kan zargin da cocin ke yi na goyon bayan mulkin daular Italiya tun lokacin da Mussolini ya mamaye Habasha. Lawson ya kuma yi amfani da kusancin hedkwatar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya akai-akai don yada lamarin. A cewar 'yar gwagwarmaya Ora Mobley-Sweeting, "samun Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a can birnin New York ya ba mu damar tunkarar wannan kungiyar ta kasa da kasa". Lawson zai "saba layi a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, yana magana game da 'yantar da Afirka."

Ƙungiyar ta inganta alaƙa da ƙasashen Afirka masu zaman kansu. A cikin Maris na 1957, UANM ta gudanar da liyafar cin abinci a Otal ɗin Theresa a Harlem ga jakadun Sudan, Maroko, da Tunisiya, tare da manzo daga Libya. Kungiyar ta UANM dai ta nuna adawa da goyon bayan da Amurka ke ba wa turawan mulkin mallaka, kamar samar da jirage masu saukar ungulu ga Faransa don amfani da su a yakin neman yancin kai na Aljeriya. Lawson ya yi imanin cewa yakamata Turai da Afirka su sami taimakon Amurka daidai gwargwado kuma sun amince da ƙarin goyon baya ga ayyukan yaƙi da mulkin mallaka. Lawson ya kuma so ya kafa wani kamfani na kasuwanci na bakar fata don maye gurbin kasuwancin fararen fata da ke gudanar da kasuwanci a kasashen Kudancin Amurka da Caribbean.

## Iyali da sauran ayyuka
Tare da matarsa ​​Martha, Lawson yana da 'ya'ya mata biyu, Kathryn Brown da Mary Birhane Lawson, da jikoki biyu. Ya ci gaba da rubuce-rubuce da fafutuka a cikin shekarunsa na ƙarshe. A cikin 1980s ya yi kamfen don halatta wasan lambobi, don rage tasirin aikata laifuka.

## Manazarta
M-1 (mai rafin)

**Mutulu Olugbala** (an haife shi Lavonne Alford, 25 ga Yuli, 1975), wanda aka fi sani da sunansa na mataki M-1 (wani lokaci ana yi masa salo da M1), mawakin Amurka ne, mawaki, kuma mai fafutuka daga Brooklyn, New York. An fi saninsa da aikinsa a matsayin rabin na siyasa hip hop duo dead prez tare da stic.man.

## Sana'a
Kundin solo na farko na M-1, Sirri, wanda aka ba shi ga "Dead Prez Presents M-1," an sake shi a ranar 21 ga Maris, 2006, ta hanyar Sotti/Koch Records. Kundin kuma yana da ɗaya daga cikin waƙoƙinsa, "'har Mun isa can" akan wasan EA Sports NBA Live 2007 a cikin jerin waƙoƙi. Bayan Sirri M-1 yayi aiki akan kundi Ba Za a Iya Siyar da Dope Har abada ta Dead Prez & Outlawz.

M-1 yana da jagoranci a cikin Broken Rhyme, wani fim na minti 90 na Amurka da wasan kwaikwayo na 2006 da wasan kwaikwayo wanda Detdrich McClure ya shirya kuma ya shirya game da wani mawaki mai raɗaɗi wanda ya je Japan don ɗaukar bidiyo a can kuma ya ci karo da wata mace mai ban mamaki ta Japan wadda ta jagorance shi a kan tafiya ta ruhaniya da kuma tsadar farashin da zai biya don juya baya ga sojojin da ke gudanar da kiɗa na hiphop. Fim ɗin da aka fara a Filmlife da HBO American Black Film Festival a watan Yuni 2006 a matsayin Zaɓin Hukuma.

M-1 kuma an nuna shi a cikin shirin na Burtaniya, Laifi ko Mara laifi na Amfani da Kalmar N.

M-1 kuma mai fafutuka ne na siyasa don yawancin baƙar fata da na hagu. A cikin watan Yulin 2009, M-1 ya raka ayarin motocin Viva Palestine, inda ya kai kayayyakin jin kai ga Falasdinawa a zirin Gaza. A cikin 2010, an fito da M-1 akan waƙar rap na Burtaniya-Falasdinawa Shadia Mansour's single "Al Kufiyyeh 3arabeyyeh" ("The Keffiyeh is Arabian") a martaninta ga "Keffiyah Isra'ila", yunƙurin da yahudawan sahyoniya suka yi na sake sanya tufafin a matsayin rigar Isra'ila. M-1 shine abokin haɗin gwiwa na Urban Aroma, "wani dandamali don cannabis, fasaha, gwagwarmaya da daidaiton zamantakewa tare da alƙawuran edita da sadaka."

## Manazarta
Mordecai Herman

**Mordekai Herman** majagaba ne Bakar Ibraniyawa shugaban addini na Isra'ila a birnin New York wanda ya kafa haikalin sahyoniyawan Moorish a 127 West 134th Street a Harlem.

## Rayuwa
Baƙin Indies na Yamma zuwa Birnin New York, Herman ya yi iƙirarin zuriyar Habasha kai tsaye. Kamar sauran shugabannin addinin Isra'ila na Baƙar fata, Herman ya yi imanin cewa mutanen Afro-Caribbean sun haɗu da Yahudawan Sephardi na Iberian. Herman ya yi magana da Ibrananci, da kuma wasu Yadish. Herman ya kafa haikalin sahyoniyawan Moorish a Harlem a cikin 1921. Ɗaya daga cikin ikilisiyoyi na Ibrananci na farko na Baƙar fata a birnin New York, Ikilisiyar Majami'ar Sahayoniya ta Moorish na Yahudawa Moorish a Harlem ta haɗu da imani cewa Baƙar fata su ne zuriyar Isra'ilawa na Littafi Mai-Tsarki tare da bangarori na addinin Yahudanci na gargajiya, abubuwa daga Kiristanci, da kuma bangarori na kishin kasa na Afirka. Herman ya kasance mai goyon bayan ƙungiyar Garveyist kuma ya kasance memba na Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA). Herman ya kasance Sihiyoniya wanda ya goyi bayan ƙasar gida ɗaya ga Yahudawa Baƙar fata da sauran su a cikin Falasdinu.

## Barin baya
A shekara ta 2016, an buɗe wani bango a Urushalima da ke girmama Mordekai Herman. Mawaƙin Bature ɗan Isra'ila Solomon Souza ne ya zana hoton bangon. Mural a: 

Bisa ga ra'ayin marubucin marubuci Bayahude Bakar fata kuma mai fafutuka Shais Rishon, Mordekai Herman ba Bayahude ba ne saboda ba a sami wasu bayanan da za su goyi bayan cewa Herman ya kasance “na ko ya koma kowane reshe na Yahudanci ba.” Duk da haka, yana yiwuwa Herman, a haƙiƙa, malamin Bayahude ne na Habasha, yayin da yake gudanar da makarantar Ibrananci ga yara maza Yahudawa har mutuwarsa. Rishon ya yi imanin cewa motsin Baƙin Ibrananci na Isra'ila ba ya cikin "al'ummar Yahudawa Baƙar fata na al'ada" waɗanda ke yin addinin Yahudanci na Rabin.

## Manazarta
Oliver Tambo

**Oliver Reginald Kaizana Tambo** (27 Oktoba 1917 - 24 Afrilu 1993) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne kuma mai fafutukar yaƙi da wariyar launin fata wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar African National Congress (ANC) daga 1967 zuwa 1991.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
### Yarintarsa
An haifi Oliver Tambo a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 1917 a kauyen Nkantolo da ke Bizana; Gabashin Pondoland a cikin abin da ke yanzu Eastern Cape. Yawancin mutanen kauyen manoma ne. Mahaifinsa, Mzimeni Tambo, ɗan wani manomi ne kuma mataimakin mai siyarwa a wani kantin sayar da kayayyaki na gida. Mzimeni yana da mata hudu da ’ya’ya goma, dukansu sun yi karatu. Mahaifiyar Oliver, matar Mzimeni ta uku, ana kiranta Julia.

## Ilimi
Tambo ta kammala makarantar sakandare a 1938 a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan dalibai. Bayan haka, Tambo ya samu shiga jami'ar Fort Hare amma a shekarar 1940 an kore shi tare da wasu da dama ciki har da Nelson Mandela saboda shiga yajin aikin dalibai. A cikin 1942, Tambo ya koma tsohuwar makarantar sakandare a Johannesburg don koyar da kimiyya da lissafi

## Ƙaura zuwa London
Dangane da haka, jam'iyyar ANC ta tura Tambo zuwa kasashen waje don yakar wariyar launin fata a ranar 21 ga Maris 1960. Ya zauna tare da iyalinsa a Muswell Hill, arewacin London, inda ya zauna har zuwa 1990. gudun hijirar da ya yi ya yi matukar tasiri a kan rashin ganin matarsa ​​da 'ya'yansa uku, amma matarsa ​​Adelaide ta goyi bayan ANC a gida ta hanyar daukar mambobin ANC da suka zo daga Birtaniya.

A cikin 1985, an sake zaɓe shi a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar ANC. [a cikin watan Oktoba na wannan shekarar, Tambo ya yi wata muhimmiyar hira da editan jaridar Cape Times, Tony Heard, inda ya bayyana matsayi da hangen nesa na ANC na gaba, wanda ba na launin fata ba, Afirka ta Kudu. Tattaunawar tana da mahimmanci don taimakawa wajen samar da yanayin siyasa don gwamnatin Afirka ta Kudu daga baya ta fito fili ta shiga tattaunawa da ANC wanda hakan ya haifar da tattaunawar CODESA da za a fara bayan ya koma Afirka ta Kudu.  

## Komawa Afirka ta Kudu
Ya koma Afirka ta Kudu a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1990 bayan fiye da shekaru 30 yana gudun     Ya sami damar komawa Afirka ta Kudu saboda halastawar jam’iyyar ANC. ] Lokacin da ya dawo bayan zaman gudun hijira ya sami goyon baya da yawa. Wasu daga cikin wannan tallafin ma sun fito ne daga tsoffin abokan hamayyaTo sai dai kuma saboda bugun jini da ya yi a shekarar 1989, ya yi masa wuya ya cika aikinsa na shugaban jam’iyyar ANC, don haka a shekarar 1991, a taron kasa na ANC karo na 48, Nelson Mandela ya karbi ragamar shugabancin ANC. Lokacin da ya sauka a matsayin shugaban kasa, majalisar ta samar da matsayi na musamman

## Manazarta
Walter Sisulu

Walter Max Ulyate Sisulu (18 ga Mayu 1912 - 5 ga Mayu 2003) ɗan gwagwarmayar yaƙi da wariyar launin fata ne na Afirka ta Kudu kuma memba na Jam'iyyar National Congress (ANC). Tsakanin wa'adinsa na Babban Sakatare-Janar na ANC (1949-1954) da Mataimakin Shugaban ANC (1991-1994), an tuhume shi No.2 a cikin shari'ar Rivonia kuma an tsare shi a tsibirin Robben inda ya shafe fiye da shekaru 25 a gidan yari saboda gwagwarmayar juyin juya hali na adawa da wariyar launin fata. Ya yi kawance da Oliver Tambo da Nelson Mandela, wadanda suka taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen shirya Gangamin Kamfen na 1952 da kafa Kungiyar Matasan ANC da Umkhonto we Sizwe. Har ila yau, yana cikin kwamitin tsakiya na Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Afirka ta Kudur

## Iyali
An haifi Walter Sisulu a shekara ta 1912 a garin Ngcobo a cikin Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu, wani yanki na lardin gabashin Cape a yanzu (sai kuma Transkei). Kamar yadda ba sabon abu ba ne ga tsararrakinsa a Afirka ta Kudu, bai da tabbas game da ranar haihuwarsa, amma ya yi bikin ranar 18 ga Mayu.[  Mahaifiyarsa, Alice Mase Sisulu, ma'aikaciyar gida ce ta Xhosa kuma mahaifinsa, Albert Victor Dickinson, farar fata ma'aikaci ne kuma alkali. Dickinson bai taka rawar gani ba a cikin tarbiyyar dansa: An ruwaito Sisulu ya hadu da shi sau daya kawai, a cikin shekarun 1940, kafin ya mutu a shekarun 1970. Sisulu da 'yar uwarsa, Rosabella, dangin mahaifiyarsa ne suka yi renonsa, daga zuriyar Thembu. Ya kasance kusa da kawunsa, Dyantyi Hlakula, wanda ke da sha'awar al'adun Xhosa kuma wanda ya kula da ƙaddamarwarsa  Ko da yake shi ɗan tsere ne na fasaha, Sisulu ya bayyana da ƙarfi a matsayin baƙar fata kuma a matsayin Xhosa.[

## Rayuwa ta sirri
A cikin 1944, Sisulu ya auri Albertina, wata ma'aikaciyar jinya, wadda ya sadu da ita a 1942 a Johannesburg; ] Mandela shi ne mafi kyawun mutuminsa a bikin aurensu. A bikin, Lembede ya gargadi Albertina: "Kuna auri mutumin da ya riga ya auri al'umma."  Daga baya Sisulu ya tuna, "Ko da na auri matata, na gaya mata cewa ba shi da amfani sayen sabbin kayan daki. Zan kasance a kurkuku. A cikin 1982, Ruth ta fara ba da girmamawa ga aurensu a wani bikin ANC na Walter (a cikin rashi) a ranar haihuwarsa, yana mai cewa: "Irinsa na jagoranci da ƙarfinta na siyasa shine ... samfurin aure mai kyau, auren siyasa mai kyau, amma aure mai kyau, wanda ya dogara ne akan daidaito na gaskiya da kuma sadaukar da kai." Dukansu an haife su ne a cikin iyalan Kirista, amma, 92 sun yi tambaya game da ko sun kasance a cikin iyalan Kirista. babu lokaci, masoyi na."
## Manazarta
Manu Dibango

**Emmanuel N'Djoké "Manu" Dibango** (12 Disamba 1933 - 24 Maris 2020) ya kasance mawaƙin kasar Kamaru ne kuma marubucin waƙa wanda ya buga saxophone da vibraphone. Ya ƙirƙiri salon kiɗan da ke haɗa jazz, funk, da kiɗan gargajiya na Kamaru. Mahaifinsa dan kabilar Yabassi ne, yayin da mahaifiyarsa ’yar Duala ce. An fi saninsa da waƙarsa ta 1972 mai suna "Soul Makossa". An kira waƙar a matsayin mafi samfurin waƙar Afirka ban da Dibango, kansa, a matsayin mafi kyawun mawaƙin Afirka a tarihi.Ya mutu daga COVID-19 a ranar 24 ga Maris 2020.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Emmanuel "Manu" Dibango a Douala, Kamaru a cikin 1933. Mahaifinsa, Michel Manfred N'Djoké Dibango,  ma'aikacin gwamnati ne. Dan manomi, ya sadu da matarsa ​​tana tafiya ta jirgin ruwa zuwa wurinta, Douala. Mahaifiyar Emmanuel ta kasance mai zanen kaya, tana gudanar da ƙananan kasuwancinta.[9] Duka kabilarta, Douala, da Yabassi, sun kalli wannan gamayyar kabilu daban-daban da wasu kyama.[8] Dibango yana da ɗan'uwa ne kawai daga auren mahaifinsa da ya gabata,  ] wanda ya girme shi da shekara huɗu. A Kamaru, kabila mutum ne mahaifinsa ya tsara, ko da yake Dibango ya rubuta a cikin tarihin tarihinsa mai suna Kilo Uku na Coffee cewa "bai taba iya gane ko daya daga cikin iyayensa gaba daya ba"

Kawun Dibango shine shugaban danginsa. Bayan mutuwarsa, mahaifin Dibango ya ƙi karbar ragamar mulki, saboda bai taɓa ƙaddamar da dansa cikin kwastan na Yabassi ba. A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, Dibango ya manta da yaren Yabassi a hankali don goyon bayan Douala. Duk da haka, danginsa sun zauna a sansanin Yabassi a kan tudun Yabassi, kusa da kogin Wouri a tsakiyar Douala. Lokacin yaro, Dibango ya halarci cocin Furotesta kowane dare don ilimin addini, ko nkouaida. Ya ji daɗin karatun kiɗa a can, kuma an ruwaito cewa ya kasance mai saurin koyo.

## Sana'a
Dibango ya kasance memba na kungiyar Rumba ta Kongo ta Afirka ta Jazz kuma ta yi aiki tare da sauran mawaƙa da yawa, gami da Fania All Stars, Fela Kuti,  ] Herbie Hancock, Bill Laswell, Bernie Worrell, Ladysmith Black Mambazo, King Sunny Adé, Don Cherry, da Sly da Robbie. Ya sami nasara mai yawa a cikin Burtaniya tare da buga wasan disco mai suna "Big Blow", wanda aka fito da shi a cikin 1976 kuma an sake haɗa shi azaman 12-inch (300 mm) guda a cikin 1978 akan Records Island. A cikin 1998, ya yi rikodin kundi na CubAfrica tare da ɗan wasan Cuban Eliades Ochoa. A 16th Annual Grammy Awards a 1974, an zabe shi a cikin nau'ikan Mafi kyawun Ayyukan Kayan Aikin R&B da Mafi kyawun Haɗin Kayan Aikin "Soul Makossa".

## Mutuwa
A ranar 24 ga Maris 2020, Dibango ya mutu daga COVID-19 a Faransa Melun kusa da Paris. 0  Iyalinsa ne suka tabbatar da labarin rasuwarsa ta kafar sadarwar zamani (Twitter). A martaninsa, mawaka da masoya da dama sun yaba masa a matsayin mawaki kuma mawaki. Ya kasance

## Manazarta
William Tubman

William Vacanarat Shadrach Tubman (29 Nuwamba 1895 - 23 Yuli 1971) ɗan siyasan Laberiya ne. Shi ne shugaban kasar Laberiya na 19 kuma shi ne shugaban da ya fi dadewa kan karagar mulki a tarihin kasadaga zabensa a shekarar 1944 har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekarar Rescuing Liberian history – 

Ana daukar Tubman a matsayin "mahaifin Laberiya ta zamani" ta yadda a lokacin shugabancinsa an jawo isassun jarin kasashen waje don zamanantar da tattalin arzikin kasar da kayayyakin more rayuwa. A lokacin mulkinsa, Laberiya ta sami lokaci na wadata. Ya kuma jagoranci manufar haɗin kan ƙasa don rage bambance-bambancen zamantakewa da siyasa tsakanin 'yan uwansa Americo-Liberia da 'yan asalin Laberiya.kir

Rayuwar farko da asalin iyali

Wannan sashe na iya ƙunsar abubuwan da ba su da alaƙa da batun labarin. Da fatan za a taimaka inganta wannan sashe ko tattauna wannan batu a shafin tattaunawa. (Fabrairu 2018) (Koyi yadda da lokacin cire wannan saƙon)

## Tubman iyali a 1917
An haifi William Tubman a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba 1895, a Harper, wanda ke kudu maso gabashin Laberiya. Yana ɗaya daga cikin yara 5, waɗanda suka girma matalauta. Shi ne kuma zuriyar mutanen da a da ake bautar da su a Amurka  Tubman, shi ne mai aikin dutse, janar a cikin sojojin Laberiya, kuma tsohon kakakin majalisar wakilai ta Laberiya, da kuma mai wa'azin Methodist. Mifin Tubman ya kasance mai tsananin horo. Ya bukaci ’ya’yansa biyar su halarci taron addu’o’in iyali na yau da kullum, kuma su yi barci a kasa saboda yana ganin gadaje suna da laushi sosai kuma suna “kaskantar da halayya” Mahaifiyar Tubman, Elizabeth Rebecca (née Barnes) Tubman, ta fito daga Atlanta, Jojiya. Tubman, sun kasance ’yantattu, wani ɓangare na rukunin bayi 69 da aka ’yantar da su waɗanda tsohuwar uwar gidansu Emily Harvie Thomas Tubman ta biya su zuwa Laberiya a 1844,  gwauruwa kuma mai ba da agaji a Augusta, Georgia.

Emily Tubman ya taka rawar gani wajen korar Ba-Amurkawa bayi da kuma biyan kudin safarar su zuwa Laberiya don “dawowa” farko dai, ta sha wahala sosai wajen 'yantar da bayinta a Jojiya ante-bellum. Duk da roƙon da aka yi wa Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Georgia da gudummawar kuɗi ga Jami'ar

## Ilimi
William Tubman, ɗa na biyu,  ya tafi makarantar firamare a Harper, sannan Makarantar Methodist Cape Palmas Seminary,  ] da Harper County High School. Tun daga shekarar 1910, yana da shekaru 15, ya shiga ayyukan soji da dama a cikin kasar har zuwa 1917, inda aka kara masa girma daga na sirri zuwa jami'i.

Yana shirin zama mai wa'azi, yana ɗan shekara 19 an kira Tubman a matsayin mai wa'azi na Methodist. Bayan ya karanci shari’a a karkashin malamai masu zaman kansu daban-daban, ya ci jarrabawar mashaya kuma ya zama lauya a shekarar 1917.

## Farkon aiki
Ba da daɗewa ba aka nada Tubman a matsayin mai rikodi a cikin Maryland County Monthly and Probate Court ] mai karɓar haraji, malami, kuma a matsayin Kanar a cikin ƴan bindiga. 

Shi dan Freemason ne kuma ya kasance na masaukin Yarima Hall Freemasonry
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## manazarta
Runoko Rashidi

**Runoko Rashidi** (an haife shi Ronnie Ross kuma daga baya aka sani da Ronald Lamar; 16 Agusta 1954 - 2 Agusta 2021) ɗan tarihi ne na Afro-centrist  mawallafi, marubuci kuma malamin jama'a wanda ke zaune a Los Angeles, California, da Paris, Faransa.

## Sana'a
Rashidi marubuci ne kuma mai magana wanda ya yi lacca a kan tsohuwar Masar, imaninsa ga tarihin karya game da kasancewar Afirka a cikin Amurka kafin tarihi, 'yan Afirka a zamanin da, da kasancewar Afirka a Asiya da sauran sassan duniya.

Rashidi shi ne marubucin Gabatarwa ga Nazarin Al'adun gargajiya na Afirka (1993) kuma editan Muryar Afirka Unchained, tarin wakoki da larabci ta fursunonin kisa a kurkukun San Quentin na California. Shi ne mawallafi ko editan littattafai 18, ciki har da kasancewar Afirka a farkon Asiya (1985, 1988, 1995), tare da Ivan Van Sertima, Black Star: The African Presence in Early Europe (2012) da African Star over Asia: The Black Presence in the East (2013).

Rashidi memba ne na kwamitin edita na Africology: The Journal of Pan African Studies. Ya kuma goyi bayan aikin malamai masu jayayya kamar marigayi Ivan Van Sertima.

Rashidi ya rasu ne a ranar 2 ga Agusta, 2021, yayin da ya ke rangadi a Masar.

## Manazarta
James R. Stewart

**James Robert Stewart** G.S.A. Ph. (Oktoba 1, 1903 - Afrilu 30, 1964) memba ne na Ƙungiyar Inganta Negro ta Duniya, kuma ya gaji Marcus Garvey a matsayin Shugaban-Janar na ƙungiyar. Ya yi nasarar mayar da hedikwatarsa ​​zuwa Laberiya.

## Rayuwa
An haifi Stewart a Moorhead, Mississippi, ɗan mai arzikin shuka; kawunsa Farfesa William Stewart ya koyar a Centreville, Mississippi. Ya fara makaranta a Morehead kuma ya koma Cleveland ta 1915, inda ya karanci fasaha da kasuwanci. Bayan ya kammala makaranta, ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a matsayin ma’aikacin wasiku a gidan waya, ya zama malami ɗan Sipaniya, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai fassara na Railroad na Pennsylvania. Ya zama zakaran dambe na mai son a Ohio, yana auna nauyin kilo 138.

Stewart ya shiga Ƙungiyar Inganta Negro ta Duniya (UNIA) yana matashi a shekara ta 1919. Ya zama Shugaban Ƙungiyar Cleveland a 1933 da Kwamishinan Jiha a 1937 bayan ya ɗauki Course na Falsafar Afirka ta Shugaba-Janar Garvey kuma ya kammala karatunsa tare da manyan karramawa. Bayan mutuwar Garvey a watan Yuni 1940, taron gaggawa na Agusta 1940 na kwamishinonin UNIA a birnin New York ya zaɓi Stewart Janar don kammala shekaru biyu na ƙarshe na wa'adin Garvey.

## Shugaban kasa-Janar
A matsayinsa na Shugaba-Janar, Stewart ya canza shelkwatar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta UNIA daga New York zuwa Cleveland kuma nan da nan ya kaddamar da yawon shakatawa na kasa don karfafa rarrabuwar kawuna da kuma haifar da sababbi. Ya gudanar da jerin tarurruka da tarurruka, ya ƙaddamar da New Negro World Newspaper, kuma ya taƙaita ba da Darasi na Falsafa na Afirka.

A shekara ta 1943, ya sami gonaki sittin da biyar na gonaki a Oregonia, Ohio kuma a cikin shekaru 6 ya canza shi zuwa al'umma ta zamani. Ba tare da jin daɗin wannan ci gaban ba, kwamitin gyaran fuska ya gudanar da wani taro a Detroit, Michigan. A cikin 1949, Shugaba-Janar Stewart ya yi nasarar mayar da iyalinsa da sauran magoya bayansa zuwa Laberiya, a hukumance ya kafa hedkwatar kasa da kasa na UNIA-ACL a cikin ƙasan Afirka. Matakin ya haifar da baraka a kungiyar; An kafa wani bangare na abokan hamayya karkashin jagorancin Thomas W. Harvey don yin tir da Stewart. An nada Harvey a matsayin Shugaban-Janar na sabuwar ƙungiyar UNIA, wanda aka kafa hedkwatarsa ​​a Philadelphia a cikin 1951.

Stewart ya ci gaba da faɗaɗa shirin UNIA-ACL da ƙasa a Laberiya, yana kafa gonaki, gidan abinci, makaranta, da asibiti. Ya ci gaba da kulla alaka ta kud da kud da Shugaba William Tubman na Laberiya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin UNIA-ACL Potentate and Supreme Commissioner a 1954.

Shugaba-Janar Stewart ya rasu a Laberiya a shekara ta 1964. Ya bar matarsa, Goldie Stewart, maza biyu, Victor da James Jr, da 'ya'ya mata uku, Anita, Donna da Roberta.

## Manazarta
Job Amupanda

**Job Shipululo Amupanda** (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Agusta 1987 a **Omaalala**, yankin Oshana) ɗan gwagwarmayar Namibiya ne,  farfesa, kuma ɗan siyasa wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Magajin Garin Windhoek, a ofis daga ranar 2 ga watan Disamba 2020 zuwa ranar 1 ga watan Disamba 2021. Ya kasance babban farfesa a Jami'ar Namibia kafin ya kafa kungiyar Afirmative Repositioning Movement, wani yunkuri da masu gwagwarmayar matasa masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na SWAPO Party Youth League suka kafa a watan Nuwamba 2014.
  

## Manazarta
Tamsier Joof Aviance

**Tamshier Joof**, Mayu 17, 1973 (shekaru 51)
Kensal Rise, London, Ingila
Ilimi Cibiyar Studio ta London; Jami'ar Middlesex; Jami'ar Wolverhampton  
Ma'aikaci (s) Dan wasan rawa, mawaƙa, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, ƙirar ƙira, ɗan kasuwa,   Mai gabatar da rediyo [6] da marubuci
Shekaru masu aiki 1989-yanzu (a kan-da-kashe)
An san shi da rawa, halayen rediyo
Iyaye Bai Modi Joof
'Yan uwa Alieu Ebrima Cham Joof (kawun);[8] Pap Cheyassin Secka (dan uwan); Bai Konte (kawun kawu); sauran dangi: Joof iyali
Yanar Gizo Seereer Heritage
Tamsier Joof Aviance ko Tamsier Aviance (né Tamsier Joof  - 17 ga watan shekara ta Mayu 1973,    tsohon sunan mataki: Tam Jo ) ɗan rawa ɗan Burtaniya ne, mawaƙa, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, ƙirar ƙira, ɗan kasuwa, mai gabatar da rediyo, kuma marubuci. Ya ɗauki sunan "Aviance" bayan ya shiga House of Aviance - ɗaya daga cikin fitattun gidajen wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Amurka.
## Rayuwar farko da kuma ilimi

 An haifi Tamsier a Arewacin Yammacin London (Kensal Rise) cikin dangin Senegal-Gambian. Mahaifinsa marigayi lauya ne dan kasar Gambia,  kuma mahaifiyarsa 'yar kasuwa ce. Tamsier ya bar Burtaniya yana ɗan shekara biyu bayan mahaifinsa ya yanke shawarar komawa da danginsa zuwa Gambiya kuma ya kafa ɗakunansa a can. Ya koma Birtaniya bayan shekaru biyu don ci gaba da karatunsa. A wata hira da mujallar Afrika ta Yamma, Tamsiier ya ce:
 
 Na fito daga dangin Afirka inda ilimi shine komai, na ji ina bukatar in faranta wa iyayena da kaina rai. Ina son rawa kuma na ƙi lissafin kuɗi, amma lissafin kuɗi ya ba da ladabi a cikin da'irar Afirka don haka na yi nazarin duka biyun.

## Manazarta
'Mamoshebi Kabi

**<nowiki/>'Mamoshebi Kabi** (7 Maris 1936 - 9 May 1999) 'yar siyasar Mosotho ne. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin rukunin mata na farko da aka zaɓa a Majalisar Dokokin ƙasar ta Lesotho a shekarar 1993. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Kabi a Khubetsoana a shekara ta 1936, 'ya ta takwas ga Eliza Phakisi da kuma reverend Elijah Phakisi. Bayan ta halarci Jami'ar Ƙasa ta Lesotho, ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Jihar Tennessee a Amurka da Jami'ar St. Francis Xavier da ke Kanada.  A shekarar 1958 ta auri Motete Kabi, wacce ta haifi ‘ya’ya mata biyu da maza biyu tare.  Bayan shekaru biyu ta zama memba na Basutoland Congress Party (BCP).  A lokacin dokar ta baci na shekarun 1970, 'yan sanda sun tsare Kabi sau goma sha huɗu, kuma an azabtar da ita sau goma sha ɗaya.   Ta yi aiki a Cibiyar Nazarin Ƙarfafa Mural a Jami'ar Ƙasa ta Lesotho kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatare-janar na Ƙungiyar Mata. 

Kabi ta kasance 'yar takarar BCP a babban zaɓukan 1993, kuma ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin mata uku da aka zaɓa, ta zama mace ta farko a majalisar dokokin ƙasar.  Ta kasance mai lura da Kungiyar Haɗin kan Afirka a babban zaɓen Afrika ta Kudu na shekarar 1994.  A shekarar 1996 aka naɗa ta Ministar Sufuri, Wasika da Sadarwa.  A shekarar da ta biyo ta zama ministar harkokin mata ta farko, inda a shekara ta biye mata aka sauya mata suna ministar jinsi, matasa da muhalli.  Ta rasu a ranar 9 ga watan Mayun 1999 bayan doguwar jinya.

## Manazarta
Sulaiman Taunsvi

**Muhammad Shah Suleman Taunsvi** (1184 AH / 1770 AZ - 1267 AH / 1850 AZ), wanda aka fi sani da **Pir Pathan**, masanin Sufanci ne kuma jagora a cikin tsarin Chishti na Sufanci. An haife shi a Gargogi ga kabilar Jafar Pakhtun na Mutanen Darug, Gundumar Loralai, lardin Balochistan, a cikin abin da ke yanzu Pakistan. Wuri mai tsarki yana cikin Tehsil Taunsa na gundumar Dera Ghazi Khan na lardin Punjab a Pakistan . Ana yin bikin mutuwarsa (shekara-shekara) a masallacinsa a kowace shekara daga (5-7) Safar al-Muzaffar, watan na biyu na Kalandar Musulunci.

## Rayuwa
An haifi Suleman Taunsvi a shekara ta 1770. Ya yi nazarin Alkur'ani tare da Yusuf Jafar. Ya haɗu da Noor Muhammad Maharvi wanda ya sami horo na ruhaniya a cikin tsarin Chishti na Sufanci.

## Duba kuma

* Taunsa Sharif
* Meher Ali Shah

## Manazarta
Edward Francis Small

**Edward Francis Small** (29 ga watan Janairu 1891 - Janairu 1958) ɗan ƙasar Gambia ne wanda aka bayyana shi a matsayin "mai bin diddigin wayewar siyasar Gambiya." Daya daga cikin tsirarun masu ilimi a lokaci mulkin turwan Gambiya a farkon karni na 20, Small ya kirkiri kungiyar cinikayya ta farko mai suna (Bathurst Trade Union), jam'iyyar siyasa ta farko (Rate Payers' Association), kuma shine dan siyasar ta na farko da aka fara zaba a majalisar dokoki. Ya kuma kasance wakili ga shi kuma shugaban National Congress of British West Africa (NCBWA).
## Rayuwar farko da kuma ilimi
An haifi Small a Bathurst a cikin 1891, ɗan John W. Small da Elizabeth Thomas. Thomas, ɗan gudun hijira ɗan Saliyo, ɗan Aku ne, kamar yadda John yake. A lokacin haihuwar Small, an riga an raba Afirka ta taron Berlin na 1884. Da farko Karami ya yi karatu a Gambia, amma saboda rashin makarantar sakandare, sai da ya koma Freetown, Saliyo, don karatun sakandare. Ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Methodist Boys a Freetown kuma a cikin 1910 ya fara koyarwa a wata makaranta a can, ya koma Bathurst a 1915 don ci gaba da aiki a matsayin malami.
## Aikin mishan
Small ya shiga Ofishin Jakadancin Methodist na Wesleyan a Bathurst. Ya sami girmamawa daga mutanen Mishan kuma an tura shi don buɗe manufa a Balanghar, sannan garin kasuwanci mai kyau da wurin hutu. Ya shafe watanni 18 a can, kafin a tura shi Sukuta sakamakon arangama ta jiki da wani bature mai fatauci kan karar kararrawa. Kwamishinan sashen ya goyi bayan dan kasuwan ne a rikicin wanda hakan ya sa aka kai Small din zuwa Sukuta. Tun daga lokacin da aka bayyana lamarin a matsayin “hankali na mulkin mallaka [na] kawar da wanda ba a so”.
## Kishin kasa da kishin afrika

Kananan ya yi niyyar karfafawa talakawan Gambia, musamman manoma da ma'aikata. A matsayinsa na daya daga cikin ’yan Afirka masu ilimi a yankin, ya yi niyyar karfafa su da ilimi da bayanai. Ya shirya darasi na yamma ga mutanen ƙauye, kuma ya kafa jarida mai kishin ƙasa ta farko a ƙasar. Ya yi amfani da wannan don isa ga mabiyansa ko da yana gudun hijira a Senegal. Ya kafa kungiyar kare hakkin 'yan kasa ta Gambia (GNDU) tare da sauran Akus. Ya kuma kafa kungiyar hadin kan manoma ta Gambiya a shekarar 1917, da kuma kungiyar 'yan kasuwa ta Bathurst a shekarar 1929. Ya halarci wani taro a birnin Accra na kasar Gold Coast a shekarar 1920, inda ya gabatar da jawabi kan 'yancin 'yan Afirka ta Yamma na cin gashin kansu. Sakamakon taron shine kafa National Congress of British West Africa, kuma Small ya kafa reshen Gambia bayan dawowar sa.

## Manazarta
Lesao Lehohla

**Archibald Lesao Lehohla** (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Yuli 1946)  mataimakin Firayim Minista ne kuma Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida da Tsaron Jama'a na ƙasar Lesotho.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Lehohla a ranar 28 ga watan Yuli 1946 a Mafeteng. A cikin shekarar 1970, Lehohla ya sami digiri na kimiyya daga Jami'ar Botswana, Lesotho da Swaziland (UBLS). A cikin shekarar 1975, ya sami gurbin karatu daga UNESCO don halartar Jami'ar Oxford  a fannin ilimin lissafi. Yayin da yake Oxford, Lehohla ya kammala karatun  digiri na biyu da kuma Master of Arts. 

## Sana'a
Yayin halartar UBLS, Lehohla ya kasance mataimakin mai koyarwa daga shekarun 1970 zuwa 1972. Lehohla ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Sakandare ta Bereng a shekarun 1975 kuma an ƙara masa girma zuwa shugaban makaranta a shekarar 1977. Lehohla ya kasance a matsayin shugaban makaranta har zuwa shekara ta 1993.

## Siyasa
An fara zaɓen Lehohla a matsayin ɗan majalisa daga mazaɓar Mafeteng a shekarar 1993 kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida  a sabuwar gwamnatin Jam'iyyar Basutoland Congress Party. Daga baya ya zama Ministan Sufuri, Wasika da Sadarwa a shekarar 1995.  A watan Mayun 1996 ya zama Ministan Ilimi.  Ya lashe hukuncin kotu da ya ba shi damar sake tsayawa a mazaɓar Mafeteng a zaɓen shekarar 1998 bayan jam’iyyarsa, Lesotho Congress for Democracy (LCD), ta zaɓi wani ɗan takara,  kuma aka sake zaɓe. 

### Mataimakin Firayim Minista
A ranar 27 ga watan Janairun 2002, an zaɓi Lehohla a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar Lesotho *Congress for Democracy Party*.  Wannan matsayi na shugaban jam'iyyar ya kai shi ga samun muƙamin mataimakin firaminista daga baya a zaɓen 'yan majalisa na shekarar 2002.  An cire Lehohla daga muƙaminsa na Ministan Ilimi kuma a maimakon haka ya zama Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida da Tsaron Jama'a a cikin watan Nuwamba 2004. 

## Manazarta
Lahoot Lamakan

**Lahoot Lamakan** (Urdu) wani kogo ne mai tsarki a Balochistan, Pakistan.

## Wuri Bauta
*Tuhfat al-Kiram* - da farko, tarihin Sufaye a Sindh daga Mir Ali Sher Qaune Thattvi (c. tsakiyar karni na sha takwas) - cewa wani Bilawal Shah Noorani na Thatta ya sha wahala da hauka na allahntaka, hakan ya tilasta masa barin garin a ƙarshen karni na goma sha biyar a lokacin mulkin Jam Nizamuddin II. Ya wuce yankin yammacin Thatta kuma ya ƙare a cikin kwarin, kuma ya kwace gonakin wani mutum Gokal Seth.

Wurin yana janyo dubban mahajjata musulmi 'yan Shi'a a kowace shekara, waɗanda ke yin aikin hajji na tsawon makonni biyu zuwa kwarin, suna farawa daga wurin bautan Lal Shahbaz Qalandar Sehwan kuma suna tsayawa a yankunan ƙananan wuraren ibada (ko tashoshi) a kan hanya. Duk da haka, babban batun girmamawa ba Shah Noorani ba ne, amma Ali, kani ga Muhammad kuma Imamin Shi'a na farko. Ana zargin sawun na Ali, wanda aka jefa yayin da ya sauko daga kan dokinsa don yakar "Gokul Deo";  wani sawun kuma ana danganta shi da kofaton dokinsa Ana zargin sawun na Ali, wanda aka jefa yayin da ya sauko daga kan dokinsa don yakar "Gokul Deo";  wani sawun kuma ana danganta shi da kofaton dokinsa.

## Bayanai

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Shafin yanar gizo da ke ba da labarin aikin hajji
Fässbergs IF

**Fässbergs IF** kungiya ce ta Kwallon ƙafa na kasar Sweden, wacce aka kafa a shekara ta 1916. Suna zaune ne a Mölndal, kusa da Gothenburg . Kungiyar ta lashe Svenska Mästerskapet a shekara na 

1924. 

## Tarihi
Fässbergs IF an kafa shi ne a ranar 24 ga Afrilu 1916 ta ƙungiyoyin Krokslätts IK, Mölndals IS da IK Celtic.  A tarihi, ƙungiyar farko ta kan yi wasa a Division III da IV akan tsarin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Sweden.  Babbar nasarar da kungiyar ta samu ita ce tun a shekarar 1924 lokacin da ta ci Svenska Mästerskapet ta hanyar doke IK Sirius da ci 5-0 a wasan karshe.  Wannan shi ne karo na karshe da aka buga gasar zakarun Sweden a matsayin gasar cin kofin.  Ba a ba da izinin ƙungiyar ta shiga Allsvenskan don 1924/25 ba. 

Fässbergs IF suna da kusan mambobi 500. Kungiyar tana da alaƙa da Göteborgs Fotbollförbund .  Fässberg Parish ya rufe mafi yawan garin Mölndal.

## Lokaci zuwa yanayi

## Masu halarta
A cikin 'yan kwanakin nan Fässbergs IF sun sami matsakaicin halarta masu zuwa:

## Nasarorin da aka samu

* **Zakarun Sweden**
** **Wadanda suka ci nasara (1):** 1924

### Kofuna

* **Svenska Mästerskapet:**
** **Wadanda suka ci nasara (1):** 1924

## Bayanan da ke ƙasa

: A. ^ An ba da taken "Swedish Champions" ga wanda ya lashe gasa daban-daban guda huɗu a cikin shekaru. &nbsp; Tsakanin 1896 da 1925 an ba da taken ga wanda ya lashe Svenska Mästerskapet, gasar cin kofin kai tsaye. Babu kulob din da aka ba da taken tsakanin 1926 da 1930 duk da cewa an buga wasan farko na Allsvenskan. A shekara ta 1931 an sake dawo da taken kuma an ba da kyautar ga wanda ya lashe Allsvenskan . Tsakanin 1982 da 1990 an gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo a cikin tsarin kofin a ƙarshen kakar league don yanke shawarar zakarun. Bayan tsarin wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1991 da 1992 wanda ya lashe Mästerskapsserien ya yanke shawarar taken, wani ƙarin layi bayan ƙarshen Allsvenskan. Tun daga kakar 1993 an sake ba da taken ga wanda ya lashe Allsvenskan . 

## Manazarta
Abuukar Abdi Osman

**Abuukar Abdi Osman** ɗan siyasan Somaliya ne.  Shi ne ministan kiwo, gandun daji da a Somaliya, wanda Firayim Minista Omar Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke ya nada shi a ranar 12 ga Janairu, 2015. h

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Mohammad Irfan (ɗan siyasa)

**Mohammad Irfan** (22 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1951 - 10 ga watan Maris shekara ta 2016) ɗan siyasan Indiya ne kuma memba na Majalisar Dokoki na 16 a Uttar Pradesh ta Indiya. Ya wakilci mazabar Bilari ta Uttar Pradesh kuma ya kasance memba na Jam'iyyar Samajwadi.  

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Mohammad Irfan a Bilari, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh. Ya sami digiri na farko a fannin kimiyya da digiri na farko na shari'a daga Kwalejin Kedar Nath Girdharilal Khatri PG da Jami'ar M. J. P. Rohilkhand. Kafin a zaɓe shi a matsayin MLA, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai aikin gona da kuma mai ba da shawara.

## Harkokin siyasa
Irfan ya kasance MLA na wa'adi ɗaya. Ya wakilci Bilari (mazabar Majalisar)  kuma ya kasance memba na Jam'iyyar Samajwadi.

## Matsayin da ya riƙe

## Manazarta
Ellen 'Maposholi Molapo

**Ellen 'Maposholi Molapo** 'yar siyasa ce ta Mosotho. Mace ta farko da ta taka rawar gani a siyasa a Lesotho, ta zama 'yar majalisa mace ta farko lokacin da aka naɗa ta Majalisar Dattawa a shekarar 1965.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
A cikin shekarun 1950 Molapo ta zauna a unguwar Newclare a birnin Johannesburg, inda ta kasance memba na kungiyar ma'aikatan tufafi kuma ta zama mai fafutuka ga majalisar dokokin Afirka ta ƙasa.   Bayan da ta halarci taron farko na jam'iyyar Basutoland Congress Party (BCP),  ta fara yakin neman zaɓen jam'iyyar a tsakanin sauran 'yan ƙasashen waje na Basutoland da ke aiki a Transvaal, ta zama mace ta farko a cikin shugabancin jam'iyyar.   Ta kuma shiga jam'iyyar Pan Africanist Congress kuma aka zaɓe ta ma'ajin.

A shekarar 1960 ta bar jam'iyyar BCP bayan takun saka da shugaban jam'iyyar Ntsu Mokhehle.  Kotunan Afirka ta Kudu ta same ta da wasu shugabannin PAC da dama a shekarar 1961 saboda gudanar da haramtacciyar kungiya, inda aka yanke wa Molapo hukuncin watanni goma sha biyu.  A shekara ta gaba hukumomin Afirka ta Kudu suka kore ta.   Daga bisani ta zama memba a Jam'iyyar Marematlou Freedom Party ƙarƙashin jagorancin ɗan uwanta Seth Matotoko, wanda ya zauna tare da ita a lokacin da ta kasance a Afirka ta Kudu.  Ta yawaita tada zaune tsaye a wurin gangamin kamfen Matotoko tare da maganganunta da waka,  kuma ana ɗaukar ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin masu yakin neman zaɓe na jam'iyyar.  A watan Afrilun 1965 aka naɗa ta a Majalisar Dattawa, inda ta zama mace ta farko a majalisar dokokin ƙasar.

## Manazarta
Kelebone Maope

**Kelebone Albert Maope** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1945) ɗan siyasa ne daga Lesotho. Ya yi aiki a jam'iyyar Basutoland Congress Party (BCP) da Lesotho Congress for Democracy (LCD) gwamnatoci a shekarun 1990 kafin ya rabu da LCD a shekarar 2001 ya kafa nasa jam'iyyar, Lesotho People's Congress (LPC).

## Aikin siyasa
A matsayinsa na memba na BCP, Maope ya yi aiki a matsayin Atoni Janar kuma Ministan Shari'a a ƙarƙashin mulkin soja da ya mulki Lesotho daga shekarun 1986 zuwa 1993. Ya kuma kasance ministan shari'a a gwamnatin BCP da ta fara aiki a shekarar 1993. A ranar 14 ga watan Afrilu, 1994, sojoji sun yi garkuwa da shi a takaice tare da wasu ministoci uku; An kashe minista na biyar, Mataimakin Firayim Minista Selometsi Baholo a wannan lamarin. 

Maope yayi aiki a matsayin Ministan Shari'a har sai da aka naɗa shi Ministan Harkokin Waje a wani sauyi na majalisar ministoci a ranar 20 ga watan Yuli, 1995.  A ranar 21 ga watan Fabrairu, 1998 aka zaɓe shi mataimakin shugaban sabuwar jam’iyya mai mulki, LCD, wadda aka kafa a shekarar 1997.  Ya ci gaba da kasancewa a wannan matsayi har zuwa watan Yuni na shekarar 1998, lokacin da aka naɗa shi mataimakin firaminista da ministan noma da kwace filaye.  A ranar 22 ga watan Yuli, 1999, ya zama ministan kuɗi da tsare-tsare na raya ƙasa, yayin da ya kasance mataimakin firaminista.

A farkon shekara ta 2001, an sake zaɓar Maope a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban LCD ba tare da adawa ba.  A watan Yulin 2001, an ɗauke shi daga muƙaminsa na Ministan Kuɗi  zuwa na Ministan Shari'a da Tsarin Mulki, wanda ya kasance mataimakin firaminista. 

A cikin watan Satumba na shekarar 2001, an nuna rashin jin daɗi a cikin LCD a cikin wata sanarwa da Maope, ɗan ƙungiyar Lesiba na jam'iyyar ya yi, yana zargin cewa gwamnati na zalunci. Ministan harkokin wajen ƙasar Tom Thabane sai ya fito fili ya zagi Maope.  A ranar 28 ga watan Satumba, Maope ya yi murabus daga gwamnati,  kuma ya kafa sabuwar jam'iyya, Lesotho People's Congress (LPC), wadda aka yi wa rajista a ranar 8 ga watan Oktoba. LPC, tare da Maope a matsayin shugabanta, ta sami 'yan majalisa 27 ta hanyar ficewa daga LCD. 

A zaɓen 'yan majalisu na watan Mayun 2002, Maope ya lashe kujera a mazaɓar Seqonoka; shi ne ɗan takarar jam’iyyar LPC ɗaya tilo da ya ci zaɓe a mazaɓar, duk da cewa jam’iyyar ta samu wasu kujeru huɗu ta hanyar samun wakilci.

## Manazarta
Mats'eliso Moshabesha

**Virginia Mats'eliso Moshabesha** (ta mutu a shekara ta 2000) 'yar siyasar Mosotho ce. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin rukunin mata na farko da aka zaɓa a Majalisar Dokokin ƙasar ta Lesotho a shekarar 1993.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Moshabesha ta yi karatu a Afirka ta Kudu, inda ta samu horon zama ma’aikaciyar jinya a asibitocin Baragwanath da MacCord, inda ta samu takardar shaidar aikin jinya da kuma difloma a aikin ungozoma.  A farkon shekara ta 1970s ta halarci Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a a Calcutta don nazarin aikin jinya na jama'a da Jami'ar California, Santa Cruz, inda ta horar da ita ta zama ma'aikaciyar tsarin iyali.  Ta yi aiki a matsayin 'yar'uwar jinya kuma a matsayin mai gudanarwa na Red Cross ta Lesotho.  Kafin shiga siyasa, ta kasance ma'aikaciyar kula da lafiyar jama'a don aikin ruwa na Lesotho Highlands Water Project. 

Moshabesha ta kasance 'yar takarar jam'iyyar Basutoland Congress Party (BCP) a Matala a babban zaɓen shekarar 1993, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin mata uku da aka zaɓa, ta zama 'yar majalisar wakilai ta ƙasa.  Ta zama shugabar Whip  ga gwamnati.  Kafin zaɓen shekarar 1998, reshen tsakiya na BCP ne ya zaɓe ta a matsayin mai neman takarar Mafeteng, kujerar da Ministan Ilimi Lesao Lehohla ke da shi. Duk da cewa taron jam'iyyar reshen mazaɓar ya zaɓi Lehohla a matsayin ɗan takara, jam'iyyar ta yi yunkurin yanke hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai. Daga ƙarshe dai an kai maganar zuwa babbar kotu, wadda ta yanke hukunci a kan Lehohla.   Moshabesha ta kasance mamba a kwamitin tsakiya na jam'iyyar har zuwa rasuwarta a asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth ta biyu da ke Maseru a shekarar 2000.

## Manazarta
Rakesh Pandey (dan siyasa na UP)

**Rakesh Pandey** (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1952) ɗan siyasan Indiya ne kuma memba na Majalisar Uttar Pradesh ta 18 daga Jalalpur a matsayin dan takarar Jam'iyyar Samajwadi .  Ya kasance memba Ɗan majalisa a Lok Sabha ta 15 daga Ambedkar Nagar a matsayin ɗan takarar Jam'iyyar Bahujan Samaj (BSP). Daga shekarar 2002 zuwa 2007, ya kasance MLA a Majalisar Dokokin Uttar Pradesh .  A watan Janairun 2022, Pandey ya bar Jam'iyyar Bahujan Samaj kuma ya shiga Jam'iyyar Samajwadi . 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
An haifi Pandey a Kotwa Mohamadpur a Gundumar Ambedkar Nagar ta Uttar Pradesh ga Jagmohan Pandey da Raghuraji Devi . Ya yi karatu har zuwa karatun sakandare kuma masanin aikin gona ne ta hanyar sana'a. Pandey ta auri Manju Pandey a ranar 29 ga Yuni 1971. Suna da 'ya'ya maza biyu. Yaronsa ƙarami, Ritesh Pandey dan majalisa ne daga mazabar Ambedkar Nagar . Ɗansa babba, Ashish Pandey ɗan kasuwa ne na gidaje a Lucknow.

## Ayyukan siyasa
Pandey ya kasance memba a Majalisar Dokokin Uttar Pradesh daga 2002 zuwa 2007.  A matsayinsa na dan siyasa na Jam'iyyar Bahujan Samaj, ya kasance memba na majalisar dokoki a Lok Sabha ta 15 daga Ambedkar Nagar daga 2007 zuwa 2014. 

A watan Janairun 2022, Pandey ya bar Jam'iyyar Bahujan Samaj kuma ya shiga Jam'iyyar Samajwadi .  Daga baya, Pandey ya lashe daga mazabar Jalalpur a Zaben Majalisar Dokokin Uttar Pradesh na 2022, inda ya doke Rajesh Singh na Jam'iyyar Bahujan Samaj da kuri'u 13,630.

## Manazarta
Mathabiso Lepono

**Mathabiso Angeline Lepono** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1942) 'yar siyasar Mosotho ce. Ta kasance tsohuwar ministar jinsi, matasa, da wasanni a ƙarƙashin firaministan Lesotho Pakalitha Mosisili.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Mathabiso Angeline Lepono a cikin shekarar 1942 a Thibella, ƙauye a gundumar Maseru ta Lesotho.   

Saboda dokar wariyar launin fata, mahaifiyarta, ma'aikaciyar gida, ba ta iya zama tare da ita ba. Don haka ta yi kuruciyarta tana zaune tare da dangi daban-daban a faɗin Afirka ta Kudu, daga Klerksdorp zuwa Orlando. Ta fuskanci munanan yanayi a wasu gidajen renonta da yawa. 

Ta halarci makaranta a Albarkacin Martin de Porres a Afirka ta Kudu. Bayan ta kammala makarantar firamare a shekara ta 1957, ta koma Lesotho tare da mahaifiyarta.   Komawa a Lesotho, ta sami aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar ofis a wani asibiti. Masu kula da ita sun sanya ta a Makarantar Sakandare ta St. Stephen a Mohale's Hoek, tare da mai kula da aikinta da ɗaya daga cikin malamanta da ke ba da kuɗin karatun ta. Gabatarwarta ta farko a siyasa ita ce a wannan lokacin, lokacin da ta shiga Basutoland African Congress a matsayin memba na matasa. 

Ko da yake an ba ta tallafin karatu a ƙasashen waje a shekarar 1966, ta zaɓi ta ci gaba da zama a Lesotho kuma ta auri Ntate Lepono. Ta yi ƙoƙarin ci gaba da karatu a Lesotho amma matsalar kuɗi ta hana ta. 

## Aikin siyasa
Lepono ta shiga siyasa ne a matsayin mamba a jam'iyyar Lesotho Congress for Democracy, a wani lokaci tana jagorantar gasar mata.  

Ta fara shiga majalisar ministocin Pakalitha Mosisili da ta daɗe tana mulki a shekarar 1999, aka naɗa ta a matsayin ministar muhalli, jinsi, da kuma harkokin matasa.   A shekara ta 2002 ta nemi a cire ta daga bayanan muhalli, ta zama ministar jinsi, matasa, da wasanni.    

A lokacin da take ministar jinsi, ta sa ido a kan dokar da ta kafa dokar karfin ma’aurata ta shekarar 2006, wadda ta kawar da ikon auren maza a kan matansu da kuma baiwa matan aure karin hakki, da kuma dokar laifuffukan jima’i ta 2003, wadda ta amince da fyaɗe na aure a matsayin laifi, da dai sauransu.  

A shekarar 2011, Lepono na ɗaya daga cikin ministoci bakwai mata a majalisar ministoci, tare da 'Mamphono Khaketla, Mannete Ramali, Maphoka Motoboli, Mphu Keneileo Ramatlapeng, Mpeo Mahase-Moiloa, da Pontso Suzan Matumelo Sekatle. 

A farkon shekara ta 2012, ta bar jam'iyyar tare da Mosisili don kafa Democrat Congress.   Sannan ta zaɓi kin tsayawa takara a babban zaɓen Lesotho na shekarar 2012, inda ta yi ritaya daga muƙamin siyasa a wannan shekarar.  

Sama da shekaru goma, har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a shekarar 2012, ta kasance zaɓaɓɓiyar mamba a Majalisar Dokokin ƙasar Lesotho, mai wakiltar mazaɓar Mafeteng ta Likhoele.  

A matsayinta na 'yar siyasa, Lepono an santa da duka karfin maganganunta da kuma yadda take mayar da martani ga rikicin siyasa.    Ta ci gaba da shiga cikin harkokin siyasar Democratic Congress tun bayan da ta bar ofis. 

## Manazarta
Mathibeli Mokhothu

**Mathibeli Edwin Mokhothu** (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Maris 1977) malami ne kuma ɗan siyasa na Mosotho wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Firayim Minista na Masarautar Lesotho, da kuma Ministan Harkokin Majalisa, daga shekarun 2020 zuwa 2022. Ɗan jam'iyyar Democratic Congress, shi ne shugaban jam'iyyar kuma mataimakin shugaba na baya. Ya taɓa zama shugaban ‘yan adawa a majalisar dokokin ƙasar  kafin jam’iyyar ta kafa wani ɓangare na haɗin gwiwa da babban taron jam’iyyar All Basotho a watan Mayun 2020. Daga shekarar 2015 zuwa 2017, ya riƙe muƙamin ministan jinsi, matasa, wasanni da nishadi. Mokhothu shi ne ɗan majalisar wakilai na mazaɓar Qhoali mai lamba 68.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Mathibeli Edwin Mokhothu a ranar 20 ga watan Maris 1977 a Thaba-Chitja Ha-Potso, gundumar Quthing. Mahaifinsa mai hakar ma'adinai ne. Ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Ilimi ta Lesotho da Jami'ar Ƙasa ta Lesotho.

## Aikin siyasa
Mokhothu ya fara aikinsa na siyasa ne ta hanyar shiga jam'iyyar Lesotho Congress for Democracy sannan ya koma jam'iyyar Democratic Congress. An fara zaɓen shi a matsayin ɗan majalisar tarayya mai wakiltar mazaɓar Qhoali mai lamba 68 a zaɓen shekara ta 2012.  An sake zaɓen shi a babban zaɓen shekara ta 2015 yayin da jam'iyyar Democratic Congress ta zama jam'iyya mafi girma ba tare da rinjaye ba. Shugaban jam'iyyar Democrat Pakalitha Mosisili ya kafa kawance kuma ya sake zama Firayim Minista. Ya naɗa Mokhothu a matsayin ministan jinsi, matasa, wasanni da nishaɗi. 

Mokhothu ya zama mataimakin shugaban jam'iyyar Democratic Congress a watan Disamba 2016. A shekara ta 2017 ne gwamnatin haɗin guiwa ta ruguje sannan aka gudanar da babban zaɓen a ƙasar. Gwamnatin da ke kan gado ta samu nasarar kaɗa kuri'a a ƙarƙashin jagorancin kungiyar All Basotho Convention. Mosisili ya sanar da yin murabus daga harkokin siyasa a watan Nuwamba 2018.  An gudanar da taron zaɓe a watan Janairun 2019, inda aka zaɓi Benazir Mokhothu a matsayin jagora. Ya samu kuri'u 1,681 da 84 ga abokin hamayyarsa Tlohang Sekhamane. Don haka ya zama shugaban ‘yan adawa a majalisar dokokin ƙasar. 

A watan Mayun 2020, duk shugaban taron Basotho Tom Thabane ya yi murabus a matsayin Firayim Minista bayan abokan haɗin gwiwarsa sun janye goyon bayansu. An naɗa ministan kuɗi Moeketsi Majoro a matsayin wanda zai gaje shi kuma ya kafa gwamnatin da ta haɗa da Democratic Congress da sauran jam'iyyu. An zaɓi Mokhothu a matsayin mataimakin firaminista da kuma ministan harkokin majalisa.

## Manazarta
Lebohang Ntsinyi

**Lebohang Ntsinyi** shi ne tsohon jakadan ƙasar Lesotho a Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin. 

Ntsinyi shi ne mataimakin babban sakataren jam'iyyar Lesotho Congress for Democracy. 

Ntsinyi ya kasance ministan yawon shakatawa na Lesotho har zuwa shekara ta 2010. 

## Manazarta