Ida Schmidt

**Ida Schmidt** (1857-1932) yar gwagwarmayar kare hakkin mata ce ta kasar Sweden, kuma ta kafa daya daga cikin makarantun aikin lambu na farko na mata a kasar. A shekara ta alif dubu daya da dari tara da goma 1910, shekarar farko da aka baiwa mata damar tsayawa takara a ofishin gundumar, ta kasance daya daga cikin matan Sweden na farko da aka zaba a majalisar birni. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Schmidt a ranar 19 ga Satumba Sheraton alif dubu daya da dari takwas da hamsin da bakwai 1857 a Karlshamn, Sweden a cikin dangi mai kyau. Mahaifinta shine Herman Schmidt kuma mahaifiyarta Carolina Schmidt, haifaffen Böös.

### Malami
Schmidt ya sami horo kan aikin lambu a Jamus, Denmark da Finland. Misali, ta ziyarci makarantar lambun Heyl a Charlottenburg, Jamus a cikin alif dubu daya da dari takwas da casa’in da biyu 1892. A cikin 1896-1897 ta yi karatu a makarantar lambu ta Norrviken a Bråviken a Östergötland, wanda Rudolf Abelin ya jagoranta, da kuma makarantar lambun Roskilde a Denmark.

A cikin 1900, tare da abokinta Sigrid Hård, ta fara makarantar lambu da ake kira Agdatorp a Blekinge, wanda zai iya karɓar ɗalibai 14-16 a kowace shekara. Yana daya daga cikin cibiyoyin ilimi na farko da suka ba da horo na lambu ga mata a Sweden. Kowace shekara, daga daya zuwa hudu dalibai aka shigar da su kyauta ta amfani da kudaden da gundumar ta bayar. A cikin nune-nunen lambu da yawa, makarantar ta lashe kyaututtuka a gasar. A lokacin da makarantar ta rufe a 1910 saboda matsalolin kudi, dalibai 132 sun yi karatu a can sama da shekaru goma.

### Canza halaye ga mata
A cewar Inger,  kafa makarantar aikin lambu ga mata ba ta kasance ba tare da cece-kuce ba, wani lokacin saboda rashin kyawun siket na mata.Ra'ayoyi kan ko mata suna cikin sana'ar aikin lambu ko kuma ba su bambanta da lokaci ba. A ƙarni na 19, an sami wasu talifofi kaɗan da suka yi wa mata suka, wataƙila domin mata ba su da yawa. A cikin shekarun farko na karni na 20, adadin cibiyoyin ilimin lambun mata ya karu kuma ta haka ma labarai mara kyau. Yadda aka nuna matan ya banbanta tsakanin jaridu daban-daban kuma halayen editan ya yi rinjaye sosai. Ana iya samun labaran da ba su da kyau a cikin *Svensk trädgårdstidning*, jiki don Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Lambuna na Sweden. A cikin, alal misali, jaridar jaridar lambu ta kasar Sweden, a gefe guda, an sami karin hotuna na mata a cikin kayan aiki masu amfani a cikin aiwatar da ayyuka masu nauyi. 

### Mai fafutuka
Yayin da take gudanar da makarantar lambu, Schmidt ta shiga cikin ƙungiyar yancin zaɓen mata na siyasa (FKPR, reshen ƙaramar ƙungiyar yancin mata na siyasa ta ƙasa, LKPR). An nada ta shugabar ta a shekarar 1905. 

A shekara ta 1910, shekarar farko da aka baiwa mata damar tsayawa takara, an zabi Schmidt a matsayin majalisar Karlshamn City Council for Liberals. A shekara ta 1914, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin mata na farko a cikin hukumar fansho, saboda an kafa sabuwar doka game da hukumar fansho na birni a waccan shekarar, wadda ta ba ta damar yin takara. 

Bugu da kari, ta yi aiki da reshen kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross a birnin kuma ita ce sakatariyarta tun daga shekarar 1914 da farkon yakin duniya na daya, kuma ta ci gaba har zuwa 1927. 

Schmidt ya mutu yana da shekaru 75 a Karlshamn a ranar 27 ga Disamba 1932 kuma an binne shi a makabartar Hvilan na birnin.   

## Manazarta

## Kara karantawa

* Ida Schmidt at Svenskt kvinnobiografiskt lexikon