Bayn al-Haramayn

**Bayn al-Haramayn** ( Arabic     ), wanda kuma aka fassara shi da **Bainul Haramain**, shi ne yankin da ke tsakanin Haramin Imam Husaini da Haramin Al-Abbas, wanda ke da tazarar mita 378. An ce daidai wurin da aka yi yakin Karbala .     

A baya, yankin ba sarari ne mara kyau tsakanin wuraren ibada guda biyu ba; maimakon haka an raba shi zuwa babban titi guda ɗaya da hanyoyi da yawa, tare da gine-ginen zama da na kasuwanci. A zamanin Baathist, an rushe gine-ginen da ke tsakanin wuraren ibada guda biyu don buɗe hanyar yankin da aka sani a yau da Bayn al-Haramayn .  Bayan mamayewar Iraki a shekara ta 2003, gwamnatin wuraren ibada guda biyu ta fara aikin ci gaba da bunkasa yankin, da kuma wuraren ibada don samar da babban yanki na hadin kai don wuraren ibada masu tsarki na Karbala.

## Magana
Bayn al-Haramayn a zahiri yana nufin "tsakanin wuraren ibada guda biyu". Kafin rushewar gine-ginen tsakanin wuraren ibada guda biyu, an san yankin ne kawai da mahalat Bab al-Najaf. Ya kunshi hanyoyi da kuma babbar titi daya da ake kira Ali al-Akbar Street . Kalmar ta shiga wallafe-wallafen Ashura bayan rushewar duk abin da ke tsaye a yankin, a ƙarshen 1970s, ƙirƙirar zane mai buɗewa tsakanin wuraren ibada guda biyu, wanda aka sani a cikin kalmar Larabci kamar, Bayn al-Haramayn . 

## Kafin gini
Karbala sananne ne da mahalat mai yawa. An san yankin Bayn al-Haramayn da mahalat Bab al-Najaf . Yana da wasu daga cikin wadannan Arabic-language romanization" typeof="mw:Transclusion">agids (Arabic: عگد; alleyway) da  (Arabic; wani baka da ke rufe wata alleyway, sananne da gidan da ya kai daga): 

* Agid al-Damad da taag al-Damed
* Agid Sayyid Abd al-Wahab Tuma da taag Sayyid Hashim Tuma
* Agid al-Gilgawiyin
* Rashin Shir Fidha
* Agid al-Chrakh
* Agid al-Tabatabaei da taag al-Tabatavaei
* Agid Hamza Bahar
* Rashin Rashin Ruwa

Akwai Suks da yawa, kamar su Souq al-Siyyagh, Souq al'Tujar, Souq a al-Sa'achiya da Souq al.  A cikin 1909, sansanin Karbala, Jalal Pasha, ya faɗaɗa kasuwar masu sutura a cikin souq.

Karbala yana da adadi mai yawa na Sufis (yawanci daga cikin umarnin Bektashi da Mevlevi) waɗanda ke zaune a ciki, kuma an san su da . Wani sanannen Darwish Ali, ya saba tafiya a kasuwannin Karbala yana karatun waka don yabon Ali ibn Abi Talib. Zai kuma yi bukukuwan hajj-like a cikin ihram a ranar Eid al-Adha, kuma ya yi sa'i tsakanin wuraren ibada guda biyu, don cancanta ruhaniya.

A cikin 1973, Ma'aikatar Gudanarwa ta Iraki ta gudanar da wuraren ibada masu tsarki, kuma a cikin 1975, an kafa ƙungiyar aiki don sake ginawa da faɗaɗa wuraren ibada guda biyu. A shekara ta 1979, aikin ya ga rushe gine-gine, abubuwan tunawa na tarihi, makarantun seminary da tsoffin masallatai da kaburbura na wasu malamai. Wannan sabon yanki mai budewa tsakanin wuraren ibada guda biyu ya fara zama sananne a hankali da Bayn al-Haramayn . 

A shekara ta 1987, Saddam Hussein ya tafi Karbala don sanar da sabon shirin fadada wuraren ibada da kuma alaƙar su da filin da aka raba. A cikin wannan aikin, an sayi yankuna da gundumomi da ke kusa da wuraren ibada. A wannan shekarar, gwamnatin Iraqi ta bayyana ayyukan da aka kammala, kamar gyaran masallacin Imam Husayn, da sauran ayyukan da suka shafi ci gaban masallacin. Sun kuma gano sabbin wurare a Bayn al-Haramayn wanda ya ga wasu gidaje, shagunan da abubuwan tunawa sun lalace, gami da masallaci mai hawa biyu wanda aka gina a 1949. An gina otal-otal a kowane bangare na yankin.

### Alamomi
Akwai wasu sanannun wuraren tarihi da tarihi a yankin tsakanin wuraren ibada guda biyu kafin a rushe shi. Wannan ya hada da:

* **Wuri Mai Tsarki na Al-Tabatabaei** - Wannan wuri ne mai tsarki da makabartar a farkon Souq al-Tujar, wanda ke da membobin iyalin al-Tabatabaey da aka binne a ciki. A lokacin rushewa a shekara ta 1979, an gano gawawwakin Sayyid Muhammad al-Mujahid al-Tabatabaei da mahaifiyarsa, Aminah al-Behbehani, kuma an bar gawawwakinsu a ƙasa ta hanyar rushewar har kwana uku. An mayar da ragowar ne kawai zuwa makabartar birnin, bayan matsin lamba ya tashi daga mambobin jama'a masu damuwa.
* **Gidan cin abinci na Karbala** - Wannan shine gidan cin abinci na farko kuma mafi mashahuri a yankin. Ya kasance a farkon titin Ali al-Akbar kuma mallakar Muhammad-Taqi Salar ne. Gidan cin abinci ya kasance yana rufewa a Ashura, kuma yana amfani da shi don rarraba abinci ga mahajjata, kyauta. Gidan cin abinci yana da ginshiki, tare da ƙaramin wuri mai tsarki, wanda ke da alaƙa da taron wani mutum da ake zaton yana ganin bayyanar Ali ibn Abi Talib.
* Parade na Al Nasrallah - Wannan babban fareti ne wanda ya kai ga titin Ali al-Akbar, mallakar Muhammad (Hammoud) Nasrallah, wanda shine shugaban 'yan kasuwa na Karbala a ƙarshen Zamanin Ottoman.
* **Masjid al-Safi** - Wannan masallaci ne wanda Sayyid Muhammad-Mahdi al-Shahristani ya gina a cikin shekara ta 1775. Masallacin ya yi aiki a matsayin wuri mai tsarki ga mahajjata waɗanda za su ziyarci Karbala a lokuta masu tsarki.
* **Ali Hadla Cafe** - Wannan kantin abinci ne mallakar Ali Hadla. Hadla ta sami shahara bayan ta jagoranci wani motsi, wanda ya yi kira ga matasa na Karbala su nuna rashin amincewa da shigar da 'yan Iraqi a cikin sojojin su don yaƙi da Rasha a Yaƙin Rasha da Ottoman, a 1876.  An fara zanga-zangar ne bayan da gwamnatin Ottoman ta yi ƙoƙarin kama Hadla saboda zargin kashe ɗan leƙen asirin Ottoman. Bayan zanga-zangar, gwamnatin tsakiya a Bagadaza ta aika da sojoji zuwa Karbala don murkushe tashin hankali, duk da haka a lokacin da suka isa birnin, ba su ga tashin hankali ba, kuma ba za su iya gano 'yan tawaye ba. Bayan sojojin suka koma Baghdad, sun kama kimanin mutane 70, gami da Hadla. An sake su duka bayan shekara guda.

## Tashin hankali na 1991
Bayan tashin hankali na 1991 a Karbala, yawancin gine-ginen da ke kewaye da wuraren ibada sun ragu gaba ɗaya zuwa rushewa. Bayan dawo da kusa da wuraren ibada guda biyu, Saddam ya ci gaba da buɗewa kuma ya share yankin da ke kewaye da wuraren ibada da kuma tsakanin su, don sauƙaƙa iko akan yankin. Yankin da aka faɗaɗa ya zama tsawon mita 350 da faɗin mita 160.

A shekara ta 1997, majalisar birni ta shimfiɗa siminti a kan bene da ya lalace, kuma ta dasa itatuwan dabino tare da ginshiƙai biyu na yankin.

## Bayan shekara ta 2003

Bayan mamayar Iraki ta shekara ta 2003, sabuwar gwamnatin Iraki ta fara aikin fadada dukkan wuraren addini a Karbala. Wannan shine don samar da sabis ga mahajjata da sauƙaƙe zirga-zirga tsakanin wuraren ibada guda biyu.

A shekara ta 2013, an gina Bayn al-Haramayn da dutse. Ma'aikatar sake ginawa da zama ta Iraqi ta rufe bene na yankin, tare da marmara na Italiya. Aikin ya haɗa da ci gaban kayan aikin da na lantarki, wuraren wanka, tsarin sanyaya, kyamarori masu rufewa, da na'urorin sauraro. Duwatsun da aka yi amfani da su don farfajiyar Bayn al-Haramayn ana zargin suna kama da waɗanda aka shimfiɗa a farfajilar Masjid al-Hiram.

## Dubi kuma
 

* Arba'een
* Masallacin Imam Husayn
* Masallacin Al-Abbas
* Wuraren da suka fi tsarki a cikin Musulunci na Shia
* Karbala 

## mazarta