Ƙungiyar Yanayi

Kungiyar Climate kungiya ce mai zaman kanta,wacce ke aiki tare da kamfanoni da shugabannin gwamnati a duk duniya don magance canjin yanayi.Kungiyar tana da shirye-shiryen da ke mai da hankali kan makamashi mai sabuntawa da rage hayaƙin gas.An ƙaddamar dashi a shekara ta 2004,ƙungiyar tana aiki a duniya tare da ofisoshi a Burtaniya (headquarters), Amurka da Indiya.

Tana aiki a matsayin sakateriyar haɗin gwiwar ƙasa da ƙasa biyu,haɗin gwiwoyi na gwamnatoci da yankuna a duk duniya,waɗanda suka himmatu ga rage fitar da iskar gas zuwa matakan zero a shekarar 2050.I zuwa 2022, Ƙungiyar Ƙananan Ƙasa ta haɗu da gwamnatoci sama da 270 waɗanda ke wakiltar mutane biliyan 1.75 da kashi 50% na tattalin arzikin duniya.

Shirin kasuwanci na kungiyar, wani ɓangare na haɗin gwiwar , tana da niyyar haɓɓaka buƙatun kamfanoni don makamashi mai sabuntawa,yawan makamashi da sufuri na lantarki,hanzarta sauyawa zuwa tattalin arzikin fitar da iska, yayin da yake taimakawa wajen jagorantar kasuwancin don rage hayakin carbon, zama mafi ƙarfi da haɓaka riba.

Sauran ayyukan da suka gabata da na yanzu,sun haɗa da gwajin LED "LightSavers"na duniya, wanda ya faru a birane kamar New York City, Hong Kong da Kolkata;aikin ƙ**a'idodin Yanayi,**wanda a ƙarƙashinsa cibiyoyin kuɗi (ciki har da Credit Agricole, HSBC, Standard Chartered, Swiss Re,F & C Asset Management da BNP Paribas),sun yarda suyi la'akari da canjin yanayi yayin tsara ayyukansu da samfuran su; Jihohi da Yankin Alliance,waɗanda aka tsara don ƙarfafa manufofin canjin yanayi na lardin,da kuma inganta manufofin canji da ƙarancin carbon.

Sun yi haɗin gwiwa a kan shirye-shirye da rahotanni tareda kungiyoyi,gami da Global e-Sustainability Initiative (GeSi),International Emissions Trading Association (IETA),CDP, Gidauniyar Basel ta Duniya, Kwalejin Kimiyya ta New York,Gidaunin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya,Asusun Marshall na Jamus,Ofishin Tony Blair da Majalisar Kasuwanci ta Duniya kan Ci Gaban Ci gaba.

Ƙungiyar Climate ta ɗauki baƙuncin taron ƙoli na ƙasa da ƙasa, da abubuwan da suka faru, tare da Climate Week NYC a Birnin New York, wani taron mako-mako na duniya, wanda ke inganta aikin yanayi na duniya, da kuma taron India Energy Access Summit a New Delhi.

## Tarihi
Anfara kungiyar Climate Group a shekara ta 2003,kuma an ƙaddamar da ita a shekara ta 2004,ta tsohon Shugaba da kuma Steve Howard,tareda tsohon Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa Jim Walkerda tsohon Darakta na Sadarwa Alison Lucas.Ya samo asali ne daga bincike da Asusun Rockefeller Brothers ya jagoranta kuma an kafa shi don ƙarfafa manyan kamfanoni da gwamnatocin ƙasa don ɗaukar mataki kan canjin yanayi.Don shiga, kamfani ko gwamnati dole ne su sanya hannu kan ƙa'idojin jagorancin ƙungiyar.Tsohon Firayim Ministan Burtaniya Tony Blair ya goyi bayan kungiyar tun lokacin da'aka ƙaddamar da ita kuma ya bayyana yawancin abubuwan da suka faru na ƙungiyar.

Cibiyar sadarwa ta Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Jihohi da Yankuna ta Climate Group ta haɗa da wasu fitattun shugabannin gwamnatocin dake cikin ƙasa, waɗanda suka kasance, ko suna da hannu a cikin aikin manufofinta na haɓaka makamashi mai sabuntawa da rage hayakin gas.Waɗannan sun haɗa da, Ministan farko na Scotland Alex Salmond; Ministan farko na Welsh Carwyn Jones; Yarima Albert na Monaco; tsohon Gwamnan California, Arnold Schwarzenegger; tsohon Firimiya Minista na Manitoba, Gary Doer; tsohon Firaministan Quebec, Jean Charest; tsohon Firimiya na Kudancin Australia Mike Rann da Shugaban Poitou-Charentes,Ségolène Royal. Acikin shekaru masu zuwa,Schwarzenegger, Charest da Salmond,kowannensu ya sami:Kyautar jagorancin yanayi ta ƙasa da ƙasa daga shugaban Mike Rann. Cibiyar sadarwar ta haɗa da sama da kamfanoni 80 da gwamnatoci mafi girma a duniya (ciki harda, alal misali, Birnin New York, Miami, Los Angeles, Jihar California,yawancin lardunan Kanada da Australiya,da Birnin London).

A shekara ta 2011, Mark Kenber,wanda a baya ya kasan ce mataimakin Shugaba, ya maye gurbin Steve Howard a matsayin Shugaba. Yayi murabus daga mukamin a shekarar 2016.

A cikin 2017, Helen Clarkson ta zama Shugaba.

## Kudin
Ƙungiyar Yanayi ta bayyana cewa, tana aiki ba tare da wata ƙungiya ta gwamnati ba. Tana tallafawa aikin ta daga hanyoyin kuɗaɗen shiga daban-daban. Ƙungiyar ta 2004 ta sami goyon baya da farko daga ƙungiyoyin agaji, gami da Asusun Rockefeller Brothers,Gidauniyar DOEN,Gidaunin John D da Catherine T. MacArthur, da Gidauniyoyin Esmee Fairbairn. Rahoton shekara-shekara na kungiyar na 2007-2008 ya nuna cewa sama da kashi 75% na kuɗaɗen da ta bayar a lokacin sun fitone daga gudummawar agaji,tushe da sauran kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, da kuma daga kungiyar HSBC Climate Partnership da'aka dakatar yanzu.

Har zuwa kwanan nan, 'yan kasuwa da membobin gwamnati sun biya su zama membobin The Climate Group, kuma wannan kudade sun kai kusan 20% na kasafin kuɗin aiki na kungiyar. Yawancin shirye-shiryenta ana gudanar da su ne tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da membobin, waɗanda tallafawa sau da yawa shine tushen tushen kudaden shiga ga waɗannan shirye-shiryen. Kungiyar Climate ta bayyana cewa ma'aikata ne ke jagorantar dabarun gaba ɗaya - wani lokacin a cikin shawarwari tare da membobinta - kuma kwamitin ta ya amince da ita, kuma babu wata alaƙa tsakanin membobin da shugabancin kungiyar.

### HSBC Yanayin Yanayi
A cikin 2007, HSBC ta ba da sanarwar cewa The Climate Group, tare da WWF, Earthwatch, da Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, za su zama abokin tarayya a cikin **HSBC** Climate Partnership, kuma sun ba da gudummawar dala miliyan 100 don tallafawa aikin **hadin gwiwa** - mafi girman gudummawar kamfanoni ga muhalli. Ana iya ganin sakamakon wannan shirin a cikin HSBC's 2010 Partnership Review, da kuma *fim din* HSBC'n Clean Cities na Disamba 2010. Fim din Clean Cities musamman ya tsara wasu nasarorin da kungiyar Climate Group ta samu ta wannan shirin, gami da matukan jirgi na LED a New York, kudaden fasaha masu tsabta a Mumbai, kamfen din mabukaci a London, da kuma yanke sawun carbon na ma'aikaci a Hong Kong.

## Littattafai
Kungiyar Climate ta wallafa rahotanni na bincike waɗanda ke neman haskaka damar da makamashi mai tsabta zai iya samarwa dangane da ci gaban tattalin arziki da rage hayaki. Wasu sun hada da:

* **Bayyanawa ta shekara-shekara** - kowace shekara, Ƙungiyar Yanayi da CDP suna raba bayanan da aka bayyana a fili daga gwamnatocin jihohi da yankuna game da manufofi da ayyukansu na yanayi, kayan fitarwa da sauran bayanan yanayi. An buga mafi kwanan nan a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2017 a tattaunawar yanayi ta duniya ta UNFCCC COP23.
* Going Beyond - wannan rahoton na 2017 ya tattara abubuwan da kamfanoni uku suka samu wadanda suke daga cikin shirin The Climate Group RE100 - Apple Inc., BT Group da IKEA Group - don nuna abin da kamfanoni zasu iya yi don shawo kan kalubale da kuma shigar da masu samar da su cikin sauyawa zuwa 100% mai sabuntawa.
* Dandalin sauya makamashi - wannan shirin na duniya wanda ke tallafawa gwamnatocin masana'antu, masu amfani da carbon mai yawa da na yankuna wajen bunkasa da aiwatar da sabbin manufofi na makamashi mai tsabta, a kai a kai yana sakin nazarin shari'a daga yankunan abokan hulɗa - Alberta, Basque Country, California, Hauts-de-France, Lombardy, Minnesota, North Rhine-Westphalia, Silesia, South Australia, Upper Austria da Wales - don haka za su iya koyo daga takwarorinsu na duniya. Misali na baya-bayan nan shine wanda ke kimanta yiwuwar rikice-rikice na yanayi da batutuwan makamashi tsakanin masu ruwa da tsaki daban-daban a cikin jihar North Rhine-Westphalia.
* **Bijli - Tsabtace makamashi ga kowa** - galibi ana tallafawa ta hanyar Lottery na Postcode na Dutch, wannan rahoton na 2016 ya nuna yadda aikin batun ya taimaka wajen rage hayakin gas da kuma inganta rayuwar mazauna ƙauyuka a Indiya ta hanyar haɗa su zuwa hanyoyin samar da makamashi masu arha, masu tsabta da kuma abin dogaro.
* American Clean Revolution - wanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin 2012, wannan rahoton yana kallon yadda Amurka za ta iya amfana daga ribar dala tiriliyan 3 don tattalin arzikin su ta hanyar saka hannun jari a cikin makamashi mai tsabta da ayyukan yi.
* Smart 2020: Bayar da ƙananan tattalin arzikin carbon a cikin shekarun bayanai - wannan rahoton na 2008, wanda aka samar tare da haɗin gwiwar Global e-Sustainability Initiative, ya gabatar da bincike wanda ke nuna cewa IT mai basira zai iya rage hayaki na duniya da 15% kuma adana Yuro biliyan 500 a cikin farashin makamashi na shekara-shekara nan da 2020.
* The UK-India Business Leaders Climate Group - an ƙaddamar da shi a watan Fabrairun 2010 don ba da shawara ga Burtaniya da Indiya kan "yadda za a hanzarta hadin gwiwa, ci gaban tattalin arziki mai dacewa da yanayi".
* Jerin Tsabtace **Juyin Juya Halin China** - zuwa Disamba 2010, an saki rahotanni uku game da manufofin makamashi mai sabuntawa na kasar Sin. An saki rahoton na baya-bayan nan a ranar 6 ga Disamba 2010, don ya dace da COP16 a Cancun, shine Rahoton Tsabtace Juyin Juya Halin China III: Low Carbon Development in Cities.

## Shirye-shiryen
Kungiyar Yanayi tana jagorantar kuma tana tallafawa ayyukan da yawa, kamfen, da taron koli. Sun hada da:

**Ƙungiyar Ƙananan Ƙasa 2**

Kungiyar Yanayi tana aiki a matsayin Sakatariyar Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Ƙasashen 2 kuma tana aiki kai tsaye tare da masu sa hannu na gwamnati da abokan hulɗa na Ƙasashen Duniya 2 don fitar da burin da aiki. MOU na kasa da kasa 2 sadaukarwa ce ta gwamnatocin da ke cikin kasa don rage iskar gas (GHG) zuwa ga net-zero nan da shekara ta 2050. Babban abin da ya shafi wannan shi ne sadaukarwar jama'a ta duk masu sanya hannu don rage hayakin GHG da kashi 80-95% a matakan 1990, ko kuma tan 2 na carbon dioxide-daidai da kowane mutum, nan da shekara ta 2050. Ya zuwa 2022, Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Ƙasa ta haɗu da gwamnatoci 270 daga ƙasashe daban-daban waɗanda ke wakiltar mutane biliyan 1.75 da kashi 50% na tattalin arzikin duniya waɗanda suka yi alkawarin rage hayakin GHG zuwa zero a shekara ta 2050.

**Scale-Up na LED**

Wannan aikin yana da niyyar hanzarta yaduwar amfani da fasahar hasken LED (diode mai fitar da haske). Manufar shirin ita ce hasken LED don wakiltar kashi 25% na kasuwar hasken wuta ta cikin gida da waje ta duniya ta hanyar 2020, rage amfani da wutar lantarki da farashi - da kuma hayakin CO2 da ke tattare da shi - da 50-70%. Ayyukan zanga-zangar yanzu suna aiki a birane da yawa a duk faɗin duniya ciki har da Hong Kong, Shanghai, Kolkata, London, Birnin New York da Sydney.

**RE100**

Kungiyar Yanayi ce ta shirya tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da CDP, RE100 wani shiri ne na duniya don shiga, tallafawa da nuna kamfanoni masu tasiri da suka himmatu ga amfani da wutar lantarki mai sabuntawa 100%. Kamfanoni suna samun kyakkyawar fahimta game da fa'idodin kasancewa 100% sabuntawa da amfana daga ilmantarwa na tsara-zuwa-tsara da kuma karɓar jama'a game da burinsu da nasarorin su yayin da suke aiki don cimma burinsu. Ya zuwa 2017, jimlar kamfanoni 100 sun himmatu ga kamfen ɗin.

**EP100**

EP100 ya nuna kasuwancin duniya da suka himmatu ga ninka yawan amfanin makamashi (EP). EP100, wanda The Climate Group ke aiki a matsayin Sakatariyar, yana ba da wani taro don raba ayyukan mafi kyau da nuna jagorancin kamfanoni da ke ci gaba zuwa ga ƙarfin zuciya, alkawuran jama'a game da samar da makamashi.

**EV100**

EV100 wani shiri ne na duniya wanda ke tattara kamfanoni da suka himmatu don hanzarta sauyawa zuwa motocin lantarki (EVs) da kuma yin jigilar lantarki "sabon al'ada" nan da 2030. Sashin sufuri shine mai ba da gudummawa mafi sauri ga canjin yanayi, yana da kashi 23% na iskar gas mai guba a duniya. Sufurin lantarki yana ba da mafita wajen yanke miliyoyin ton na hayaki a kowace shekara, da kuma hana iska da gurɓataccen amo.

**Yanayi Week NYC**

Climate Week NYC, wanda aka kafa a cikin 2009 a matsayin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin The Climate Group, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Gidauniyar Majalisar Dinkinobho, Birnin New York, Gwamnatin Denmark, Tck Tck Tc Campaign da CDP, suna faruwa a kowace shekara a Birnin Nework. Taron ya faru ne tare da Babban Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kuma ya tara shugabannin kasa da kasa daga kasuwanci, gwamnati da jama'a don nuna matakin yanayi na duniya. Climate Week NYC shine sararin hadin gwiwa don abubuwan da suka shafi yanayi don tallafawa aiwatar da Yarjejeniyar Paris da kuma cimma burin ci gaba mai dorewa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. A cikin 2017, akwai abubuwan da suka faru 140 a duk faɗin Birnin New York a matsayin wani ɓangare na Climate Week NYC.

### Jihohi da Yankuna
Ƙungiyar Yanayi da Yankuna ta Ƙungiyar Yanayin Yanayi ta sami goyon baya ta hanyar fahimtar muhimmiyar rawar da gwamnatocin ƙasashe ke takawa wajen magance canjin yanayi a ƙasa. Shirin Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya kiyasta cewa 50-80% na ayyukan da ake buƙata don ɗaukar iyakance yawan zafin jiki na duniya zuwa 2 ° C zai buƙaci ya taso daga matakan gwamnati na ƙasa. Kungiyar Climate ta yi jayayya cewa yayin da tattaunawar duniya ke ci gaba da zama da wahala, membobinta na Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyar Jiha da Yankuna, da sauran gwamnatocin ƙasa, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen gina yarjejeniyar canjin yanayi ta duniya daga ƙasa zuwa sama.

Ta hanyar shirin su na Jihohi da Yankuna, Ƙungiyar Yanayi ta kawo shugabannin gwamnatocin ƙasashe tare a cikin abubuwan da suka faru kamar Ranar China ta Cancún da Taron Shugabannin Yanayi na 2010. Sanarwar da aka amince da ita daga waɗannan abubuwan, waɗanda membobin kungiyar suka sanya hannu, sun haɗa da Sanarwar Copenhagen ta 2009 da Sanarutar Cancun ta 2010. Shirin Jihohi da Yankuna ya kuma sauƙaƙa haɗin gwiwa tsakanin gwamnatocin ƙasashe masu tasowa da masu tasowa, suna haifar da ayyukan kamar kimantawar rauni na yanki ga tasirin canjin yanayi.

### Shirye-shiryen da suka gabata

* **Shirin Kashewa da Adana Carbon**, wanda ke da niyyar bunkasa tsire-tsire na nunawa da adana carbon a China, Indiya, Amurka, Turai da Ostiraliya.
* **Shirin SMART 2020**, wanda ke da niyyar amfani da fasahar bayanai da sadarwa, kamar fasahar grid mai wayo da tsarin gudanar da gine-gine, don rage hayaki har zuwa 15% nan da shekarar 2020.
* **Shirin EV20**, wanda ke da niyyar gina ƙarfin kasuwar motocin lantarki ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa tare da masana'antun mota da batir, kayan aikin lantarki, cibiyoyin kuɗi da gwamnatoci.
* **Tare** A cikin 2007, The Climate Group ta ƙaddamar da kamfen ɗin haɗin gwiwar mabukaci a Burtaniya da ake kira Together, wanda Tony Blair, Gordon Brown, Boris Johnson, David James, Claudia Schiffer da Annie Lennox suka goyi bayan. Tare sun yi aiki tare da manyan sunayen alama don kawo masu amfani da hanyoyi masu sauƙi da za su iya taimakawa wajen yaki da canjin yanayi. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2009, Kamfen ɗin Together ya ba da rahoton cewa abokan hulɗarsa sun taimaka wa masu amfani da Burtaniya adana fiye da tan miliyan 1 na carbon dioxide da kusan fam miliyan 200 a kan kuɗin gidajensu. Tare kuma sun gudu a Ostiraliya da Amurka.
* An ƙaddamar da ka'idar Carbon (VCS) a watan Nuwamba 2007. Manufar VCS ita ce ta bunkasa amincewa da kasuwar carbon ta son rai ta hanyar samar da sabon tabbacin inganci da ake buƙata don takaddun shaida na amintaccen carbon na son rai.
* **Kashe Yanayin Yanayi** A ƙarshen shekara ta 2009, wakilai sun taru a UNFCCC COP-15 a Copenhagen. Kungiyar Climate ta nemi taimakawa wajen karfafa yarjejeniya mai adalci da tasiri, tare da tsohon Firayim Ministan Burtaniya Tony Blair.
* Greenhouse Indicator, mai nuna **alamar** mako-mako na hayakin gas da aka samar daga ƙarni na makamashi a jihohin Australia ciki har da New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria da Tasmania. Ana bayar da rahoton fitarwa a cikin wallafe-wallafen jarida ciki har da The Age .
* **Ka'idodin Yanayi**, tsarin bangaren kudi wanda manyan cibiyoyin hada-hadar kudi na kasa da kasa kamar su Credit Agricole, HSBC, Standard Chartered, Swiss Re, F&C Asset Management da BNP Paribas suka karɓa. Wadanda suka sanya hannu kan ka'idojin suna aiki don hada la'akari da canjin yanayi a duk samfuran kuɗi da ayyukansu.
* **Hadin gwiwar HSBC** Climate, wanda ya hada da The Climate Group, Cibiyar Kula da Duniya, Cibiyar Nazarin Tropical ta Smithsonian da Asusun Duniya don Yanayi (WWF). Haɗin gwiwar yana da niyyar rage manyan hayakin carbon na birni, saka idanu kan tasirin canjin yanayi a kan gandun daji da hanyoyin ruwa, da kuma karfafa mutane a cikin al'ummominsu da wuraren aiki don ba da gudummawa ga aikin canjin yanayi da bincike.
* **Kungiyar** Airs Global Deal Group wacce ta kunshi British Airways, Cathay Pacific Airways, Air France KLM, Virgin Atlantic Airways, BAA ta nemi magance fitar da iskar gas daga jirgin sama na duniya.

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje