Yaƙin Maiden

**Yaƙin 'yan mata** ( French   ) wani tawaye ne da ya faru a sashen Ariège na Faransa daga 1829 zuwa 1832, kuma ya ci gaba da kasancewa ba tare da wani ƙarfi ba har zuwa 1872. Wannan ita ce gwagwarmaya mafi shahara tsakanin waɗanda suka taso a Pyrenees a ƙarni na 19.

*Demoiselle* matashiya ce. Sunan *guerre des demoiselles* ya fito ne daga gaskiyar cewa mutanen ƙasar sun ɓoye kansu a matsayin mata, da dogayen riguna fari ko fatar tumaki, mayafai ko wigs, da kuma fuskoki masu baƙi ko ɓoye. Wannan ɓoyewar an yi ta ne don kai hari - galibi da daddare - manyan masu kadarori, masu gadi a daji da gendarmes, masu gyaran ƙarfe, da masu ƙona gawayi .

## Dalili
Tawayen ya faru ne saboda zartar da sabuwar dokar gandun daji a ranar 27 ga Mayu 1827, wadda aka yi amfani da ita tun daga shekarar 1829. Wannan sabuwar dokar ta sanya "sabbin dokoki game da amfani da gandun daji, musamman game da tattara itace, yanke itace, da kuma musamman kiwo (wanda aka haramta daga yanzu), haƙƙin cin nama, farauta, kamun kifi, da taruwa."  Waɗannan ƙa'idodi sun hana abin da mutanen yankin suka gani a matsayin haƙƙinsu na gargajiya na amfani da gandun daji don kiwon dabbobinsu da tara abinci.  Wannan ya haifar da yaƙin rashin biyayya na farar hula inda maza suka yi ado kamar mata don ɓoye asalinsu kuma wanda aka san shi da Yaƙin 'Yan Mata ( *la guerre des demoiselles* ). 

## Buɗewa

### Castillonnais da kwarin Massat (1829-1830)
Tsakanin bazara ta 1829 da bazara ta 1830, tawayen ya yi yawa (tsakanin mutane 300 zuwa 400, bisa ga proces-verbal ) kuma 'yan matan sun fito akai-akai. Matsalolin sun taru a yankuna 2: na farko Castillonnais da ke kudu maso yammacin Saint-Girons, har zuwa Disamba 1829; sannan kuma kwarin Massat, a watan Janairu 1830. Daga bazara ta 1830, tawayen ya ci gaba da kasancewa a dukkan sassan. A wannan lokacin, 'yan matan ba su yi ikirarin cewa suna da halin zamantakewa ba. Sun yi jayayya da duk wanda ya hana su amfani da dajin kyauta - masu gadi, 'yan sanda, da masu ƙona gawayi. Juriya ga kama dabbobi (a yankunan da ake tsaro a dajin) shine babban aikin farko na 'yan matan. 

Duk da ƙoƙarin da majalisun gundumar Castillonnais suka yi na kare haƙƙin manoma ta hanyar shari'a, a ranar 22 ga Mayu, 1829, 'Yan matan sun kori masu gadin daji daga gidajensu da ihu da harbin bindiga. [1] Sun sake bayyana a lokacin wani aikin kama mutane, a cikin dajin Saint-Lary, tsakanin 25-30 ga Mayu, 1829. Masu gadin daji ashirin, bayan sun ba makiyaya shida da suka shiga daji mamaki da garkensu, sun so su kwace dabbobin; amma nan da nan suka ga kansu suna fuskantar taron mutane ɗari da suka ɓoye da makamai waɗanda suka zage su, suka jifansu da duwatsu, har ma suka harbe su. Masu gadin suka firgita suka rasa iko, suka ja da baya. [2]

A watan Yulin 1829, irin wannan lamari ya yawaita kuma sojojin gendarme suka ƙarfafa—runduna huɗu, biyu masu sintiri na Castillonnais da Bellongue, biyu masu sintiri na Saint-Gironnais—ba su hana yaɗuwar tawayen ba. 'Yan tawayen sun yi amfani da dabarun yaƙi waɗanda suka haɗa da guje wa hulɗa kai tsaye da abokan gaba don fifita faɗa da masu tsaron daji. 

A tsakiyar watan Agusta na shekarar 1829, wani sabon yunƙuri na kwace dabbobi a Bellongue, kusa da ƙaramin ƙauyen Buzan, ya haifar da ɗaya daga cikin manyan faɗace-faɗace na shekarar. A ranar 16 ga wannan watan, wani mai duba, masu binciken ƙasa biyu, da masu gadi da yawa da wakilan gandun daji da suka zo don nuna wani yanki a cikin dajin Buzan, sun gano garken tumaki biyu suna kutsa kai cikin daji. Makiyayansu sun ƙi bayyana asalinsu kuma aka ɗaure su don a tura su gidan yari. Ba da daɗewa ba, mazauna ƙauyuka da al'ummomi da ke makwabtaka da su, waɗanda ke wurin a lokacin rikicin, sun nuna rashin gamsuwarsu da ƙarfi. An yi ƙararrawa a coci, suna sanar da mazauna maƙwabta. Rundunar 'yan mata masu zafin rai, dauke da sanduna, almakashi da bindigogi, ta shiga tsakani ta 'yantar da fursunonin. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, lokacin da jami'an tsaro suka isa don kama makiyayan biyu, wata sabuwar rundunar 'yan tawaye mai barazana ta tilasta musu komawa. 

A lokacin bazara na 1829, 'Yan matan sun kuma fuskanci masu ƙona gawayi, waɗanda ake zargi da amfani da bishiyoyi. A watan Yuni, masu ƙona gawayi sun kasance abin tashin hankali a Sentein, a kwarin Biros; sannan kuma a watan Yuli a Ustou, a kudancin Saint-Gironnais. An ƙone gidajen masu ƙona gawayi, an lalata ɗakunansu da abubuwan da suke da su, kuma an harbe su da bindigogi da yawa. A daren 29 ga Agusta, 'Yan matan sun mamaye dajin Augirein, a Bellelongue, wanda masu ƙona gawayi na ma'adinan Engomer ke amfani da shi. A watan Nuwamba, wata alama ta gargaɗi masu ƙona gawayi na Buzan da su bar dajin ko kuma su fuskanci sakamakon. Ƙiyayyar 'Yan matan ta ci gaba har zuwa bazara na 1830, lokacin da a watan Afrilu na wannan shekarar aka ji wa wasu masu ƙona gawayi 30 rauni aka tilasta musu guduwa a dajin Saint-Lary. 

Masu gadin daji, waɗanda aka zage su, aka zage su, aka kuma tsoratar da su, suma 'yan matan ne suka yi wa hari. A ranar 17 ga Disamba, 1829, masu gadin kwarin Autrech, a cikin garin Saint-Lary, sun yanke shawarar dakatar da ayyukansu bayan sun yi wa 'yan mata 15 barazana da makamai masu linzami. A ranar 21 ga Janairu, 1830, wani mai gadin dangin Lafont de Sentenac rauni sakamakon dukan da aka yi masa da gatari, kuma barazanar da ake yi wa masu gadin daji ta ƙaru. Tawayen ya fara yaɗuwa daga Massat zuwa babban birnin Arize . Haka kuma, wata ƙungiyar 'yan mata ta kewaye gidan Delpla-Roquemaurel suka kori masu gadin nasu na sirri. Daga Janairu zuwa Mayu 1830, ayyukansu sun ƙaru. A ranar 27 ga Janairu, 'yan matan sun wawure hasumiyar Laffon, a Boussenac, wadda ta zama mafaka ga masu gadin. A ranar 17 ga Fabrairu, sun lalata gidan ɗaya daga cikinsu a Bernède . A ranar 29 ga Maris, 'Yan Mata 200 sun kira magajin garin Rivèrenert don ya kai musu masu gadi. A ƙarshe, a daren 10-11 ga Mayu, 'Yan Mata 100 sun harbi gidan wani mai gadi a Saleich, 10&nbsp;kilomita kudu da Sailes-du-Salat, a Haute-Garonne . Mai gadin ya harbe wani mahari mai shekaru 20 ya kuma kashe shi. Waɗannan ayyuka masu sauƙi da kai tsaye, waɗanda aka yi wa duk waɗanda suka keta haƙƙin amfani da dajin, sun shahara da sauri, kuma ƙungiyar ba ta yi jinkirin yaɗuwa zuwa yankunan da ke makwabtaka da ita a sashen Ariège ba. 

## Manazarta