Opération Lamantin

**Opération Lamantin** (Faransanci don manatee) shi ne shiga tsakani na soja a watan Disamba 1977 - Yuli 1978 da Faransa ta yi a madadin gwamnatin Mauritania, a yakin da take da mayakan sa kai na Sahrawi na Polisario Front, na neman 'yancin kai ga yammacin Sahara. An kaddamar da hare-hare ta sama a larduna da nufin dakatar da hare-haren 'yan aware a hanyar jirgin ƙasa daga ma'adinan karfe a Zouérat zuwa gabar tekun Nouadhibou (layin jirgin kasa na Mauritania), tare da tura su sako Faransawa da aka yi garkuwa da su. Faransa ta yi amfani da jirgin yakin Jaguar daga Dakar Airbase. Harin bama-bamai ya shafi yankunan da ke kusa da hanyar jirgin ƙasa, wanda Polisario ke kai hare-hare akai-akai. Aikin dai ya ƙare ne da sakin mutanen da aka yi garkuwa da su tare da dakatar da hare-haren da Polisario ke kaiwa kan hako ma'adinai.

Duk da haka, mummunan aikin da aka yi a yakin ya kasance babban dalilin da sojojin Mauritania suka yi don hambarar da Moktar Ould Daddah, shugaban Mauritania a watan Yuli 1978 da kuma tsagaita wuta nan da nan tare da Polisario. Bayan haka Mauritania ta fice daga yammacin Sahara a shekarar 1979 kuma ta gyara dangantakarta da makwabtan Sahrawi kuma ta ci gaba da gane su a shekarar 1984.

Rundunar sojojin Faransa ta dakatar da hare-haren da Polisario ke kaiwa kan hakoran ma'adinai tare da samun sakin 'yan ƙasarsu da aka yi garkuwa da su.

## Tarihi
Sassan Yammacin Sahara ya kasance ƴan mulkin mallaka na Spain har zuwa 1975 kuma ya kasance lardin ƙarshe na mulkin mallaka a Afirka.  Yaki ya barke tsakanin Maroko da kungiyar 'yantar da kasa ta Sahrawi, wato Polisario Front, wacce ta shelanta Jamhuriyar Demokaraɗiyyar Larabawa ta Sahrawi (SADR) da gwamnati a gudun hijira a Tindouf na ƙasar Aljeriya.  Faransa wacce ta kasance tare da Spain da tsohuwar mulkin mallaka, sun goyi bayan karɓe yankin yammacin Sahara, sun marawa gwamnatin Mokhtar Ould Daddah baya, wanda suka naɗa a matsayin shugaban ƙasar Mauritania a ƙarshen lokacin mulkin mallaka a shekarar 1960. An ba wa Mauritania da Maroko sabbin kayan aikin soji da taimakon tattalin arziki mai karimci, don ba su damar ci gaba da riƙe yankin. Ma'aikatan Faransa sun horar da sojojin Mauritania kuma sun ɗauki matsayi masu mahimmanci a cikin tattalin arziki. Duk ta hanyar Mauritania ta haɗa kai da Algeria don shawo kan adawar Morocco. Amma a cikin shekarar 1974, sun daidaita matsayinsu kuma sun yi imanin cewa sun kulla yarjejeniya ta sirri da Sarkin Maroko. Wannan ya haifar da yarjejeniya a shekarar 1975 wanda ya raba Saharar Spain zuwa Mauritania da Maroko.

## Lamantin aiki
A watan Disamba na 1977, Shugaba Giscard d'Estaing ya umarci Sojojin Sama na Faransa da su tura a Mauritania kuma su fara jefa bama-bamai a ginshiƙan Polisario tare da napalm, bayan da aka yi garkuwa da farar hula farar hula a wani hari na Polisario a kan ma'adinan baƙin ƙarfe na Zouerate, dukiyar tattalin arzikin Mauritania mafi daraja (daga baya an sake su a lokacin da likitan Faransa ya yi musu rauni). 

Faransa ta yi amfani da jirgin yakin Jaguar daga Dakar Airbase.  An dai kai harin ne a hanyar jirgin ƙasa da ta tashi daga ma'adinan karfen da ke Zouerat zuwa gabar tekun Nouadibou, wanda Polisario ya dakile.  Har yanzu gwamnatin Ould Daddah ta ƙasa kakkaɓe 'yan ta'addar, kuma mummunan aikin da ya yi a yakin shi ne babban dalilin da sojojin Mauritaniya suka yanke na hambarar da shi shekara guda bayan haka tare da kafa tsagaita buɗe wuta da 'yan sandan Polisario.  Bayan haka Mauritania ta fice daga yammacin Sahara a shekarar 1979 kuma ta gyara dangantakarta da makwabtan Sahrawi (Mauritania ta amince da Jamhuriyar Demokraɗiyyar Larabawa ta Sahrawi a shekarar 1984), waɗanda suka ci gaba da yaki da Maroko.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin ayyukan sojojin Faransa

## Manazarta

## Kara karantawa

* Hodges, Tony (1983), *Yammacin Sahara: Tushen Yaƙin Hamada*, Lawrence Hill Littattafai ( )
* Thompson, Virginia da Adloff, Richard (1980), *Yammacin Saharan.* *Bayanin Rikici*, Barnes & Littattafan Noble ( )