Memory Ice

Ice Memory wani shiri ne na kasa da kasa wanda ke da niyyar samar da ɗakin karatu na farko na duniya na kankara mai cike da glacier, don adana wannan al'adun kimiyya masu mahimmanci ga tsararraki masu zuwa, lokacin da dabarun gaba zasu iya samun ƙarin bayanai daga waɗannan samfurori.

A cikin 2015, aikin Ice Memory ya fara ne tare da taron Jerome Chappellaz - CNRS - EPFL, Patrick Ginot - IRD (IGE / UGA-CNRS-IRD-G-INP) daga Faransa da Carlo Barbante (CNR / Ca"Foscari Univ. na Venice) daga Italiya don gudanar da hanzari a duk duniya da kuma kare bayanan da ke cikin kankara  - ƙwaƙwalwar kankara - a cikin wani wuri mai tsarki a Antarctica.

A cewar rahoton UNESCO da IUCN "Glaciers na Tarihin Duniya: masu tsaro na canjin yanayi"  suna sanar da cewa kusan kashi 30% na kankara da aka gane a matsayin Gidajen Tarihin Duniya za su ɓace nan da nan da nan a shekara ta 2050 kuma 50% nan da nan za a rage iskar gas ba tare da raguwa mai tsanani da nan da sauri ba, an bayyana shirin Ice Memory a matsayin mai ma'ana ga jin daɗin bil'adama kuma UNESCO ta amince da shi a cikin 2017 

Lalle ne, binciken da aka yi a baya na glaciology wanda Claude Lorius, Glaciologist da mai goyon bayan Ice Memory na farko, Dominique Raynaud da Jean Jouzel suka yi niyyar tabbatar da alaƙar da ke tsakanin yawan iskar gas da canjin yanayi yayin nazarin ƙwayoyin ƙanƙara.

A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, ana sa ran masu bincike za su sami sabbin ra'ayoyi da dabarun don bunkasa waɗannan sakamakon kimiyya. Misali, suna iya ware wasu bayanai da ke cikin kankara wanda ba mu sani ba a yau.

Wannan bayanin kimiyya da aka kama a cikin kankara - wanda aka hada kuma aka nuna ta hanyar Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change - wani abu ne mai amfani a cikin muhimman yanke shawara game da yadda za a tsara tsarin muhalli da manufofin yanayi na duniya.

## Tarihi
Tun lokacin da ya fara a shekarar 2015, aikin Ice Memory ya gudanar da tafiye-tafiye tara a Faransa, Italiya, Switzerland, Bolivia, Rasha da Norway (Svalbard).

* a cikin 2023 a Colle del Lys / Italiya, ƙungiyar ta tattara ƙwayoyin kankara 2 na 105 da 106 m tsawo suna dawo da shekaru 150-200 na tarihin duniya 
* a cikin 2023 a Svalbard / Norway, ƙungiyar ta tattara ƙwayoyin kankara 3 na tsawon mita 74 da ke dawo da shekaru 300-400 na tarihin duniya
* a cikin 2022 a Kilimanjaro / Tanzania, tawagar ba ta iya kaiwa taron koli ba saboda batutuwan diflomasiyya
* a cikin 2021 a Monte Rosa / Italiya, ƙungiyar ta tattara ƙwayoyin kankara 3 na tsawon mita 130 da ke dawo da shekaru 300-400 na tarihin duniya
* a cikin 2020 a Grand Combin / Switzerland, ƙungiyar ta tattara ƙwayoyin kankara 3 na tsawon 16, 18 da 26 m 
* a cikin 2018 a Elbrus / Rasha, ƙungiyar ta tattara ƙwayoyin kankara 2 na tsawon mita 150 da 120 da ke dawo da fiye da shekaru 500 na tarihin duniya
* a cikin 2018 a Belukha / Rasha, ƙungiyar ta tattara ƙwayoyin kankara 2 na tsawon 160 da 106 m
* a cikin 2017 a Illimani / Bolivia, ƙungiyar ta tattara ƙwayoyin kankara 2 na tsawon mita 137 da 134 da ke dawo da shekaru 18 000 na tarihin duniya,
* a cikin 2016 a Col du Dôme / Faransa, ƙungiyar ta tattara ƙwayoyin kankara 3 na tsawon mita 128 wanda ya dawo da fiye da shekaru 200 na tarihin duniya 

## Kimiyyar kankara
Ta hanyar kama abubuwa daban-daban na yanayi, kankara tana wakiltar tushen bayanai mai mahimmanci don gano yanayinmu na baya, don samar da asusun canjin yanayi na baya, kuma musamman don fahimtar makomarmu.

Bambance-bambance a cikin zafin jiki, yawan iskar gas, hayakin iska, gurɓataccen abu da mutane suka samar.

Kimiyya na ƙwayoyin ƙanƙara na iya nazarin yawancin sinadarai da ke cikin kankara: iskar gas, acid, ƙarfe mai nauyi, rediyo, da isotopes na ruwa suna samar da ƙwaƙwalwar yanayi da mahalli na baya.

## Taswirar hanyar Ice Memory
Manufar Gidauniyar Memory Ice ita ce a gwada kankara 20 a cikin shekaru 20 don al'ummomin masana kimiyya na gaba su sami damar yin amfani da ƙwayoyin kankara masu inganci don ci gaba da binciken su kuma su sami bayanai don fahimtar yanayin duniya.

Ya zuwa 2025, Gidauniyar Ice Memory za ta adana samfurori na kankara daga Turai, Bolivia, da Eurasia Rasha a Turai, yayin jiran ajiyar Antarctic ta kasance.

Wanda ya kafa Gidauniyar Ice Memory, Jerome Chappellaz ya ce ƙungiyoyi za su tattara kankara daga wasu shafuka, gami da Dutsen Rocky (Kanada / Amurka), Dutsen Himalaya (Tadjikistan, Pakistan, China), Dutsen Andes (Peru, Argentina), tsibirin Heard (Australia), da wuri-wuri, suna fuskantar saurin narkewa.

## Wuri mai tsarki a Antarctica
Za a kiyaye abubuwan da suka faru a kankara na Ice Memory na tsawon ƙarni a Antarctica. Za a gina wani wuri mai tsarki a tashar Concordia ta Faransa da Italiya, tashar kasa da kasa a kan Antarctic Plateau wanda ke ba da damar adana yanayi a -50 ° C.&nbsp;

IPEV da PNRA sun gudanar da gwaje-gwaje na farko na kogon tare. Ya kamata a sami kogon farko don ƙwayoyin Ice Memory na farko a cikin 2025. Da yake kusa da tashar Concordia, wurin ajiya zai rufe yanki mai girman gaske daidai da kusan kwantena ashirin na ƙafa 20, ko kusan 300 m2.

Duk da ƙarin rikitarwa na jigilar ƙwayoyin kankara zuwa Antarctica, wannan zaɓin zai ba da damar adana samfurori na dogon lokaci ta amfani da ajiyar halitta ba tare da amfani da makamashi da ake buƙata don sanyaya ba don haka kare samfurori masu daraja daga duk wani haɗari na rushewar sarkar sanyi (matsalar fasaha, tattalin arziki, rikici, ayyukan ta'addanci, da sauransu).

Rashin samun dama ga samfurori, haɗe da ƙuntataccen kayan aiki na Antarctic zai hana yawan amfani da ƙwayoyin. A ƙarshe, ajiya a cikin yankin polar da aka gudanar ta hanyar Yarjejeniyar Antarctic, yana hana da'awar ƙasa yayin da suke daskarewa, kamar yadda manyan kasashe na duniya suka sanya hannu.

## Gidauniyar Tunawa da Ice
Gidauniyar Ice Memory ta samo asali ne daga manyan cibiyoyin kimiyya guda bakwai na Faransa, Italiya, da Switzerland a cikin 2021: CNRS, IRD, Jami'ar Grenoble Alpes, da Cibiyar Polar ta Faransa (IPEV) a Faransa; Majalisar Bincike ta Italiya (CNR) da Ca" Foscari Jami'ar Venice a Italiya; da Cibiyar Paul Scherrer (PSI) a Switzerland kuma Jami'ar Girma Alpes Foundation ta kare ta.

An samo shi a Faransa a Jami'ar Grenoble Alpes, yana da niyyar tattara, adanawa da sarrafa ƙwayoyin kankara daga zaɓaɓɓun kankara a duniya da ke narkewa a halin yanzu, tare da bayanan da suka samar na shekarun da suka gabata da ƙarni masu zuwa.

Gidauniyar ta jagoranci Anne Catherine Olhmann tun 2015. 

### Gudanar da kasa da kasa na dogon lokaci
Shugaban girmamawa na Gidauniyar Tunawa da Ice shine Sarkinsa Albert II na Monaco.

Gwamnatin Gidauniyar ta kasa da kasa ce, tare da mambobi daga Faransa, Italiya, Switzerland, China, da Amurka, gami da tsoffin mataimakan shugaban kasa guda biyu kan canjin yanayi (IPCC), Qin Dahe da Jean Jouzel.

Gudanarwa ta dogon lokaci a cikin ƙarni masu zuwa, tabbatar da adanawa da kuma amfani da wannan al'adun bil'adama, ana bincika ta tare da hadin gwiwar Cibiyoyin Duniya, musamman UNESCO da Tsarin Yarjejeniyar Antarctic (ATCM).

A cikin 2023 a One Planet Polar Summit a Paris, an ƙaddamar da Dokar Tunawa da Ice da Shugabancin don kafa shawarwari don cika gibin shari'a da ke akwai da kuma gabatar da tsarin doka don ci gaban al'adun Ice Memory.

## Manazarta