open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Mohamed Salah Mzali

**Mohamed Salah Mzali** (An haife shi a ranar 11 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 1896 zuwa  22 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1984) ya kuma kasance malamin Tunusiya, tarihi da ɗan siyasa. Ya kasance Firayim Minista na Tunisia na ɗan gajeren lokaci a cikin shekarar 1954 ƙarƙashin Muhammad VIII al-Amin .

Mohamed Salah Mzali asalinsa ne na Ait Mzal dangin Masmuda na Sous wanda ya kafa daular Hafsid, shi ma dangin Mohammed Mzali ne . 

## Tarihin rayuwa
Shekaru goma, ya bi aikin gwamnati a shugaban ma'aikatun Habous, Kasuwanci da Sana'o'in hannu da Masana'antu, gami da gwamnati ta biyu ta Chenik a shekarar 1950. An kama shi kuma an tasa keyarsa zuwa kudancin kasar tare da Kuma dukkanin gwamnatin a lokacin fatattakar a watan Maris, shekara ta 1952.

Wanda aka sake shi shekara daya bayan haka, hukumomin mulkin mallaka suka zabe shi ya kafa gwamnati a watan Fabrairun shekarar 1953. A ranar 2 ga watan Maris, an naɗa shi Grand Vizier. Gwamnatinsa, wacce ta kunshi kwararrun masu gudanarwa da gaskiya. Mzali kuma memba ne na kwamitin gudanarwa na Cibiyar Carthage kuma shi ne kwamitin editan Jaridar Tunisiya; ya kuma hada kai da mujallar Al Fajr, Al Majalla zeitounia, da sauransu.

## Girmamawa
Ya samu lambar yabo ta Alliance Française, the Académie des Jeux Floraux da sauran gasa ta adabi.

## Littattafai

* *L'Hérédité dans la dynastie husseinite: évolution da take hakki* 
* *Au fil de ma vie: kayan tarihin d Tunisien* 

## Manazarta
Mohammed Mzali

**Mohammed Mzali** (    ,An haife shi a ranar 23 ga watan Disamba shekarar 1925 zuwa 23 ga watan Yuni shekara ta  2010) ɗan siyasan Tunusiya ne wanda ya zama firaminista tsakanin shekarar 1980 da shekarar 1986, an haife shi a garin Monastri dake kasar Tunusiya.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Mzali a Monastir, Tunisia a ranar 23 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1925. Ya fito daga dangin da kakanninsu suka fito daga kabilar Ait Mzal, kabilar Berber daga yankin Sous na Morocco . Wannan kakannin ya zauna a Tunisia bayan dawowa daga aikin *[[Aikin Hajji|Hajji]]* a karshen karni na 17. 

## Firayam Minista
Mzali ne shugaban Habib Bourguiba ya nada Firayim Minista na Tunisia a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu shekara ta alif 1980.  A watan Disambar shekarar 1983, a matsin lamba daga Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya, gwamnati ta cire tallafi kan gari da biredi. Wannan ya haifar da tarzomar burodi ta Tunisia, wacce jami'an tsaro suka danne da karfi tare da mutuwar mutane da yawa.  Shugaba Bourguiba ya sanar a ranar 6 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1984 cewa an soke karin farashin biredi da gari.  Ya ba da ra'ayi cewa ba a ba Mzali izinin ƙara farashin ba. 

Cin amana da tashin farashin ya lalata matsayin Mzali, wanda aka gani a matsayin mai yuwuwar maye gurbin Bourguiba.  Mzali na ɗan lokaci ya ɗauki matsayin Ministan cikin gida.  A yunƙurin dawo da farin jininsa Mzali ya zagaya larduna bayan tarzomar, yana alƙawarin ayyukan samar da sabbin ayyuka.  Mzali ya ce, "darasi na farko da za a ciro daga abubuwan da suka faru a watan Janairu shi ne cewa ya zama dole a sake tsara karfin oda domin su iya bayar da amsa daidai gwargwado ga dukkan yanayi." 

## Daga baya aiki
An kori Mzali a shekarar 1986 kuma ya gudu zuwa Faransa.  An kuma maye gurbinsa da Rachid Sfar . Mzali ya rubuta litattafai da yawa, ɗayansu ba a lakafta shi "Un Premier ministre de Bourguiba témoigne". Ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na kwamitin Olympics na duniya daga shekara ta 1965 har zuwa mutuwarsa. Mzali ya mutu a ranar 23 ga watan Yuni shekarar 2010 a Paris, Faransa . 

## Rayuwar sa

Mzali ya sadu da Fethia Mokhtar yayin da suke karatu a Paris kuma sun yi aure a shekarar 1950. Sun haifi yara shida. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Mata na Tunisia daga shekarar 1983 har zuwa 1986. 

## Manazarta
 

## Majiya
Kamel Omrane

**Kamel Omrane** (    ; An haifeshi a ranar goma sha takwas 18 ga watan Janairu, shekarata alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da hamsin da ɗaya 1951 zuwa ranar goma sha huɗu 14 ga watan Mayun shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha takwas 2018).malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma ɗan siyasa ɗan Tunusiya. Ya kasance Ministan Harkokin Addini na ƙasar **Tunusiya**. 

## Tarihin rayuwa
Ya yi karatu a makarantar Bardo High School sannan kuma a École Normale Supérieure of Tunis inda ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin Larabci da Adabin Larabci a shekarar alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da saba'in da ukku 1973. A shekarar alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da tamanin 1980, ya samu wani MA a Larabci adabi daga Ecole Normale Supérieure de Tunis a shekarar alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da saba'in da ukku 1973 da kuma agrégation a harshe na Larabci, a shekarata alif dubu daya da dari tara da tamanin 1980. Ya sami digiri na uku a wayewar Musulmi a shekarar alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da casa'in da huɗu 1994. 
## Aiki
Ya kuma kasance malamin jami'a daga shekarar alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da casa'in da tara 1999 zuwa shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha takwas 2018, ya buga wallafe-wallafe da dama kan tunanin Larabawa da Musulmi kuma ya halarci tarurruka da dama a Tunisia da ƙasaShen waje. 
Ya rike mukamai da dama waɗanda suka haɗa da mai ba da shawara ga Ministan Ilimi Mai Girma, Daraktan Cibiyar Kula da Rubuta Ma’aikata Mafi Girma, Darakta Janar na Rediyon Rediyo na Tunusiya, Mashawarci na Musamman kuma Mashawarci ga Ministan Ilimi, da Darakta Janar na rediyon Alkur’ani Zitouna. Ya kuma kasance memba na Majalisar Koli ta Musulunci, da Majalisar Koli ta Al'adu, da Tattalin Arziki da Tattalin Arziki, da Majalisar Zartarwa ta UNESCO . Ya kuma shirya wani shiri a gidan rediyo na al'adu game da Musulunci a cikin mu'amalarsa da zamani, garambawul, alakar Gabas da Yamma. 

## Daraja

* Mai bayar da odar Jamhuriyar Tunisia
* Jami'in Ba da Lamuni na ofasar yabo na Tunisia

## Littattafai

* (ar) *Fassara da ra'ayoyin ta* (الترجمة ونظرياتها), ed. Beït El Hikma, Carthage, 1989
* (ar) *Karatun rubutun addini* (في قراءة النص الديني), ed. Maison tunisienne de l'édition, Tunis, 1990
* (ar) *Kammalawa da kin amincewa da al'adun Musulunci* (الإبرام والنقض: قراءة في الثقافة الإسلامية), ed. Maison tunisienne de l'édition, Tunis, 1992
* (ar) *Sabuntawa da gwaji a al'adun Musulunci* (التجديد والتجريب في الثقافة الإسلامية), ed. Maison tunisienne de l'édition, Tunis, 1993
* (ar) *Dan Adam da makomarsa a cikin tunanin Larabawa-Musulunci na zamani* (الإنسان ومصيره في الفكر العربي الإسلامي الحديث), ed. Bugawa de la faculté des lettres de la Manouba, La Manouba, 2001
* (ar) *Tunisia da* waliyyanta a cikin gawar Sufis (تونس وأولياؤها الصالحون في مدونة المناقب الصوفية), ed. Bugawa de la faculté des lettres de la Manouba, La Manouba, 2008
* (ar) *Sha'awar rubutu:* kusancin matanin wayewa (شغاف النص: في مقاربة النص ذي الطابع الحضاري), ed. Cibiyar de bazawa ta duniya, Tunis, 2008
* (ar) *Hanyoyin al'adu* (مداخل إلى الثقافة), ed. Ma'aikatar Al'adu, Tunis, 2008

## Manazarta
Adda

**Adda** jam'in, ta **Adduna** tana daga kayan aikin gida. Ko gona wadda ana amfani da ita wajen daddatsa abubuwa.  
Kamar,itace da kara da girbi, haka kuma ƴan'uwa Fulani suna amfani da ita wajen kiwon dabbobin su wato shanu har Tumaki da Awaki. Kamar idan sunje kiwo suna hawan bishiyoyi don sarowa shanu ganyen itatuwa da dai sauransu. Ana amfani da Adda gurin girbin amfanin gona da kuma saran itatuwa da sassabe. kala-kala ce akwai babba akwai ƙarama.

Bata gari Kuma suna amfani da Ita wurin fada Ko Sata suna saran mutane 

## Manazarta
Ahmed Eyadh Ouederni

**Ahmed Eyadh Ouederni** ɗan siyasan kasar  Tunusiya ne. Sannan ya kuma kasance Darakta-Darakta na majalisar zartarwar kasar karkashin tsohon shugaban kasar Tunusiya mai suna Zine El Abidine Ben Ali .   

## Manazarta
Sliman Ourak

**Sliman Ourak** ɗan siyasan Tunusiya ne. Ya kasance Ministan Kasuwanci da kere kere a karkashin tsohon Shugaban da aka haifa 28 ga Yulin shekarar 1955 a Tunis.   

## Karatu
Bayan ya sami Digiri na biyu (Law Law), Mista Slimane Ourak ya yi karatun digiri na biyu a Institut Technique de Banque (ITB) da ke Paris. Ya yi atisaye a bankuna da dama na Tunusiya kuma ya halarci tarurrukan kasa da horo na kasa da kasa kan hanyoyin ingantawa da samar da kudade ga Kananan Masana'antu da Masana'antu (SMEs). 

## Aiki
Ya kuma gudanar da zaman atisaye da tsarin kananan kudade na duniya don yaki da talauci da mayar da martini. Mista Ourak ya fara aikinsa na sana'a ne a watan Disambar 1981 zuwa Bankin Kula da Gidaje na Kasa (Bankin Gidaje (BH) a yau), kafin a nada shi darekta janar na ma'aikatar kudi ta tsare-tsare da kudi. Sannan ya yi aiki a matsayin Darakta Janar na Bankin Solidarity na Tunisiya (BTS) (Afrilu 1999 - Nuwamban shekarar 2004) da Darakta Janar na Kwastam (Nuwamba 2004),    matsayin da ya rike har zuwa sabon nadin nasa. Mista Slimane shi ne Jami'in Ourak na Umurnin Jamhuriya (2006) kuma Jami'in Umurnin na 7 ga Nuwamba (2007). An kuma yi masa ado da Lambar kwadago (2003). Mista Ourak ya yi aure da ’ya’ya uku.

## Manazarta
Babban Ofishin Najeriya a Accra

Babban Ofishin **Najeriyar** a Kasar Accra shi ne babban ofishin jakadancin Najeriya a Kasar Ghana. A kan 20/21 *Onyasia Crescent Roman Ridge* a Accra.  Babban jakadan ya kasance tsohon Sanatan Legas ta Tsakiya Musiliu Olatunde Obanikoro, wanda Shugaba Umaru Musa Yar'Adua ya naɗa a watan Mayun shekara ta 2008. 

Babban Jakadan a shekara ta 2012 shine Hon. Ademola Oluseyi Onafowokan. 

## Hulɗa da tattalin arziki
A watan Agustan shekara ta 2007, Babban Kwamitin Nijeriya a Ghana ya gabatar da bikin cikar Nijeriya shekaru 47 da samun ‘Yanci a Accra. Ministan Ambasada Simon Ejike Eze ya gode wa Kasar Ghana bisa girmama ‘yan Najeriya ta hanyar sanya babbar hanyar mota da sunan tsohon shugaban Najeriya, Olusegun Obasanjo.  Ya kuma ce Hukumar ba za ta yi kasa a gwiwa ba wajen mika ‘yan Najeriya da ke aikata laifuka ga hukumomin tsaron Ghana a kowane lokaci.  Lokacin da Musiliu Obanikoro ya gabatar da takardun shaidarsa ga Shugaba John Agyekum Kufuor a cikin watan Mayu na shekarar 2008, Shugaban ya tattauna kan dogon tarihin hadin gwiwa tsakanin kasashen biyu na Yammacin Afirka, kuma ya ambaci cewa kwarewar Najeriya za ta kasance da kima yanzu da Ghana ta buge mai. 

A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2009 Babban Ofishin Nijeriya a Accra da ke aiki tare da kamfanin *Vintage Vision*, wanda ke zaune a Accra, wani kamfani mai kula da harkokin kasuwanci na Nijeriya, yana shirin kaddamar da Kungiyar 'Yan Kasuwa ta Ghana da Najeriya da kuma fara kulla yarjejeniyar kasuwanci da saka jari tsakanin kasashen biyu. ƙasashe.  Da yake jawabi a wajen bikin baje kolin litattafai a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2009 Adedapo Oyekanuri, Minista a Babban Kwamitin Najeriyar, ya ce hadin gwiwar tsakanin kasashen biyu bai kamata ya kasance kan kasuwanci, diflomasiyya da kiyaye zaman lafiya kawai ba amma ya kamata a ba da shawarwari kan al'adu ta hanyar karatu. 

## 'Yan Najeriya a Ghana
Dangantaka tana da rauni a wasu lokuta. A shekara ta 1969, Ghana ta kori ‘yan kasashen waje waɗanda galibinsu `yan Najeriya ne. A cikin masarautar a shekara ta 1980s Najeriya kuma ta kori baƙi galibi 'yan Ghana.  A watan Satumbar shekara ta 2006 babban kwamishina ya shiga tsakani don kwantar da hankulan daliban Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah, Kumasi, bayan an daba wa wani dalibi wuka har lahira sannan wasu ’yan Najeriya biyu sun ji rauni ta hanyar wani dan fashi da makami. 

Babban kwamishina a Najeriya ya ce kafofin yada labarai a Accra na taimakawa wajen tashin hankali ta hanyar nuna labaran laifuka da suka shafi 'yan Najeriya.  A watan Yulin shekara ta 2009, Obanikoro ya ce, Babban Kwamitin ya sake kaddamar da wani kamfani na sake sanya sunansa don nuna kyawawan halayen Nijeriya da kuma karfin da take da shi. A lokaci guda kuma, ya fadawa manema labarai cewa ‘yan Najeriya guda 300 ne ke daure a gidan yari a Ghana kan laifuka kamar su satar mutane, fataucin miyagun kwayoyi da fashi da makami. 

A watan Yunin shekara ta 2020, wasu mutane dauke da makamai sun mamaye wani fili da Hukumar Najeriya ke gina wani gini a kansa suka kuma rusa wasu sassan ginin da aka ce a Accra.ref name=repute>

## Duba kuma

* Ghana –Haɗin Najeriya

## Manazarta
Alhaji Kabe

**Kabe Dan Kumbari,** wanda aka fi sani da **Alhaji Kabe**, shi ne sarki na talatin da tara a masarautar  Kano, ya yi mulki na shekaru goma tsakanin shekara ta 1743 da shekara ta 1753. Tarihin Kano ya tuna shi da farko a matsayin Sarki mara kyau da rashin tausayi. An ce babu wani tarihin da za a iya riƙewa game da yawan yaƙe-yaƙe ko waɗanda yaƙe-yaƙe da ƙananan hukumomin Kano suka yi da umarninsa. Babban abokin gabarsa shi ne Gobir, amma kuma ya yi hulda da wasu Masarautu makwabta. Yanayin belin mulkinsa ya haifar da korar jinin da tuni ba shi da farin jini na Muhammad Sharefa . 

## Hawan Yesu zuwa sama
Shi ɗa ne ga Kumbari da Zenabu, wanda kuma aka fi sani da "Zama". Shima dan gidan Gaya ne mai daraja, ta wajen kaka, Maidaki Mariamma. Ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin Sultan a shekara ta 1743. 

## Sarauta
*"Ya kasance Sarki na yaƙe-yaƙe da yawa kuma mummunan abu.* *Tun daga lokacin da ya samu sarauta bai zauna wata biyar a gidansa ba, ba tare da zuwa yaƙi ba ko kuma aika Sarkis ɗinsa don yaƙi. "* 

Tarihin ya ba da labarin cewa babu wani mutum a zamanin Kabe da ya kashe kamar rashin imani kamar shi. Koyaya, duk da yanayinsa kuma, ance ya kasance mai yawan kyauta ga malaman addini saboda yana tsoron ransa a lahira. 

## Yaki da Gobir
*"Sarkin Gobir ya aiko don a yi sulhu da shi amma Kabe ya ƙi.* *Ya aika zuwa ga Sarkin Gobir Barbari, yana cewa, 'Ina da hular da zan dace da kan kowa'. "* 

Yakin da ba a kammala ba ya ɓarke tsakanin Gobir ƙarƙashin Sarkin Gobir Soba da Kano ƙarƙashin mahaifin Kabe, Kumbari. Yunkurin Gobir zuwa Kano yana ƙarƙashin umarnin Mai Ali na Bornu. Sarkin Gobir a zamanin Kabe, Bari-bari (wani suna ne na Kanuri), ya nemi yin sulhu da Kano amma an ƙi shi. Ba da daɗewa ba ya nufi Kano kuma rundunarsu ta yi artabu a Dami. An ce mutanen Kano, sun hana Royal Guard (Dogarai) da wani bangare da aka sani da "Kwinkele" sun gudu daga Alhaji Kabe suna tsoron "sihiri", mutanen Gobir suka mallake su. Daga cikin manya-manyan jami'an Kano, Sarkin Dawaki da Turakin Kuka (Sarkin Banuja) ne kawai suka rage. Sojojin Gobir sun tuhume shi kuma da kyar ya tsere da ransa. Wannan nuna rashin hadin kai ya nuna rashin yarda a tsakanin Sarakunan Kano da kuma rashin karban Alhaji Kabe. Kano da Gobir sun ci gaba da gwabza yaƙe-yaƙe har zuwa mutuwar Kabe.

## Mutuwa da mayewa
Alhaji Kabe ya mutu a shekara ta 1753 amma ba kafin ya haifar da babbar fitina ba a Masarautar. Sarakunan sun zabi kakanninsa dan uwansa kuma abokin hamayyarsa, Yaji, wanda yake da kwanciyar hankali a matsayin Sarki. An san Yaji da "Mallam Mai Lafia" saboda yanayin tawali'u.

## Tarihi a Tarihin ''Kano''
A ƙasa akwai cikakken tarihin Alhaji Kabe daga fassarar Ingilishi na *Tarihin Kano na* Palmer ta shekara ta 1908.

## Manazarta
Abderrazak Rassaa

**Abderrazak Rassaa** ( {{Lang-ar|عبد الرزاق الرصاع} ) (4 Janairun shekarar 1930 - 7 Janairun shekarata 2020) ɗan siyasan kasar Tunusiya ne.

## Tarihi
Rassaa ta fara ne a matsayin farfesa a Faransa a Lycée Carnot de Tunis a Tunis . Bayan wannan aikin koyarwa ya zama Shugaba na Banque de Tunisie .  Daga shekarar 1958 zuwa 1964, ya yi aiki a Hukumar Daraktocin Babban Bankin Tunisia .  Rassaa ya zama Ministan Masana'antu a shekarar 1968 da Ministan Kudi a shekara mai zuwa, inda ya yi aiki har zuwa shekarar 1971. 

## Mutuwa
Abderrazak Rassaa ya mutu a ranar 7 ga Janairun 2020 yana da shekara 90. 

## Manazarta
Selma Elloumi Rekik

**Selma Elloumi Rekik** (    ; an haife ta a ranar 5 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1956) asalin ta mutuniyar kasar Tunis ce. Ita 'yar kasuwa ce, kuma har wayau yar siyasa ce a ƙasar Tunusiya kuma memba ce ta Nidaa Tounes,  duk da cewa a halin yanzu tana cikin kungiyar Al Amal . 

## Tarihin rayuwa

Elloumi ya kasance memba na kwamitin zartarwa na Nidaa Tounes .

Ta kuma kasance 'yar takarar zaben majalisar dokoki a shekarar 2014 wakiltar jam'iyyarta kuma ta zabi mataimaki a Majalisar wakilan mutane a gundumar farko ta Nabeul.

A ranar 2 ga watan Fabrairun shekarata 2015, an tsayar da ita a mukamin na Ministan Horar da Ma’aikatu da Aiki,  sannan aka dauke ta aiki a matsayin Ministar Yawon Bude Ido da kere kere  a madadin Amel Karboul, a gwamnatin Habib Essid.

A ranar 13 ga Agustan shekarar 2017, yayin bikin ranar mata, an kuma kawata ta da tambarin Kwamandan Umurnin Jamhuriyar Tunusiya.

A ranar 1 ga Nuwamban shekarata 2018, an naɗa ta darekta a majalisar ministocin shugaban kasa don maye gurbin Selim Azzabi . Ta yi murabus ne a ranar 14 ga Mayu, 2019 a cikin yanayin rikice-rikicen cikin gida a Nidaa Tounes, wanda ta hau kujerar shugabancin 28 ga Mayu. Duk da haka, ta yi murabus daga ofis a ranar 23 ga Yuni, kuma ta bar jam'iyyar.

A ƙarshen watan Yunin, bayan da tsarin shari'a ya amince da Hafedh Caid Essebsi a matsayin wakilin shari'a na jam'iyyar, Elloumi ya karbi shugabancin Amal Tounes, sabon sunan kungiyar Reform Democratic da aka kafa a 2011, yanke shawara duk da haka an soke shi a ranar 20 ga Yuli. Elloumi sannan ya ɗauki shugaban wata ƙungiya, Al Amal, wanda a da ake kira da National Party of Tunisia. Ta kasance 'yar takara a zaben shugaban kasar Tunusiya na shekarar 2019 na 15 ga Satumba, amma a karshe an kawar da ita a zagayen farko. A ranar 24 ga Satumba, 2019, ta yi kira da a saki Nabil Karoui.

## Manazarta
Rachid Sabbagh

**Rachid Sabbagh** (Larabci: رشيد الصباغ) ɗan siyasan Tunusiya ne mai zaman kansa wanda ya kuma shiga majalisar ministocin Ali Laarayedh a shekarar 2013 a matsayin ministan tsaro . 

## Manazarta
Mohamed Sayah

**Mohamed Sayah** (    ; 31 Disamban shekarar 1933 - 15 Maris din shekarata 2018  ) ɗan siyasan kasar Tunusiya ne wanda ya rike mukamai da dama a bangaren minista a shekarun 1960s, 1970s, da 1980s. 

## Ayyuka
Mohamed Sayah ya rike mukamai da dama na minista karkashin Shugaba Habib Bourguiba . 

* Ma'aikatar Watsa Labarai (7 ga Nuwamban shekarar 1969 zuwa 12 ga Yuni 1970).
* Ma'aikatar Ayyukan Jama'a (29 Oktoba 1971 zuwa 5 Yuni 1973).
* Ma'aikatar Matasa da Wasanni (5 ga Yuni zuwa 30 Nuwamba 1973).
* Ma'aikatar da aka wakilta ga Firayim Minista (30 Nuwamba Nuwamba 1973 zuwa 25 Afrilu 1980).
* Ma'aikatar Gidaje (25 ga Afrilu 1980 zuwa 25 Nuwamba 1983).
* Ma'aikatar Kayan aiki (25 ga Afrilu 1984 zuwa 16 Mayu 1987).
* Ma'aikatar Ilimi (16 ga Mayu zuwa 7 Nuwamba 1987).

Kusa da kusanci da Shugaba Bourguiba, ya fice daga harkokin siyasa bayan hawan Zine El Abidine Ben Ali kan karagar mulki.  A cikin 2013, ya kirkiro Gidauniyar Bourguiba, ƙungiyar da aka keɓe don mutum da aikin shugaban farko na Jamhuriyar Tunusiya. 

## Littattafai

* *Le Néo-Destour face à la troisième épreuve, 1952-1956, tome I « L'échec de la nuna ra'ayi »*, Shirya. Dar El Amal, Tunis, 1979
* *Le Néo-Destour yana fuskantar la la troisième épreuve, 1952-1956, tome II « La victoire »*, Shirya. Dar El Amal, Tunis, 1979
* *Le Néo-Destour yana fuskantar la la troisième épreuve, 1952-1956, tome III « Amincewa »*, Shirya. Dar El Amal, Tunis, 1979
* *Le Nouvel État aux prises avec le complot yousséfiste, 1956-1958*, ed. Dar El Amal, Tunis, 1982
* *La République délivrée de l'ogincin étrangère*, ed. Dar El Amal, Tunis, 1984
* (ar) *L'Acteur et le témoin*, ed. Cérès, Tunis, 2012 

## Manazarta
Abdelhamid Slama

**Abdelhamid Slama** (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Oktoban shekarar 1941 kuma ya mutu a ranar 31 ga Janairu, 2025) ɗan siyasan Tunusiya ne. Shi ne tsohon Ministan Wasanni, Matasa, da Ilimin Jiki.   an haife shi ne a garin Ksibet El Mediouni.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Abdelhamid Slama a ranar 23 ga Oktoban shekarara 1941, a Ksibet El Mediouni, Tunisia .  Yana da Digiri na uku a adabin larabci . 

Ya karantar a Sousse da Tunis, sannan yayi aiki a Ma'aikatar Ilimi, Ma'aikatar Matasa da Wasanni, da Ma'aikatar Watsa Labarai. 

Ya kasance memba na kwamitin Tsarin Mulki na Tsarin Mulki . 

## Manazarta
Taron Gwamnonin Najeriya

**Taron gwamnonin Najeriya** wani yanki ne mara nuna bangaranci wanda kuma aka kirkireshi don inganta hadin kai tsakanin gwamnonin zartarwa na Kasar Najeriya . 

## Buri da kuma manufa

* Filin tattaunawa game da manufofin jama'a.
* Inganta shugabanci na kowa da kowa
* Bunkasa ci gaba mai dorewa.
* Inganta haɗin kai tsakanin gwamnoni da al'umma.

## Manazarta
Yahya Abdulrahman

**Yahya Abdulrahman Al-Hamud** (an haife shi a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sittin 1960) ɗan siyasan Saudiyya ne kuma Gwamnan Bareq tun a watan Afrilun na shekara ta 2016. Ya taba yin aiki a matsayin memba na majalisar kabilun 'Asir .  

## Rayuwar farko
Al-Hamud Ɗan Ash Shaaf ne, Asir kuma Ɗan yankin Shahran ne. Jikan "Ibn Hamud", Shehin Shahran.   An haifeshi a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sittin 1960. Yayi karatun sa na farko a Abha, sannan kuma yana da satifiket a fannin Tsare-tsare, Gudanar da Jama'a da Gudanar da Ayyuka daga Jami'ar King Abdulaziz.

## Duba wasu abubuwan

* Bareq
* Saudi Arabiya
* 'Yankin Asir
* Tarihin Bariq
* Mohammed bin Saud Al-Mathami

## Manazarta
Imed Trabelsi

**Imed Trabelsi** (    ; an haife shi ranar 26 ga watan Agustan shekarar 1974 a garin Tunis ) ɗan kasuwa ne, ɗan siyasa, kuma ɗan yayan Le favoritela Ben Ali, tsohuwar Uwargidan Tunisia,     Trabelsi ya kasance magajin garin La Goulette, Tunisia .   A karkashin mulkin Ben Ali, Trabelsi ya mallaki masana'antun gine-gine da barasa a Tunisia, baya ga aiki da ikon mallakar kamfanin Bricorama na Faransa.  

## Tarihin rayuwa
Imed Tabelsi da Moaz Trabelsi (shi ma ɗan gidan Leïla Ben Ali,), duk an zarge su da satar jirgin ruwan mallakar ɗan ƙasar Faransa, Bruno Roger, shugaban kamfanin Lazard na 2006 .   An yi zargin Imed da Moaz bayan da aka gano jirgin ruwan a Sidi Bou Said .  Duk da cewa masu gabatar da kara sun gabatar da karar a gaban kotu a Faransa, amma alkalin Faransa ya yanke hukuncin a yi shari’ar a Tunisia.  Alkalin Tunisia ne ya gano Trabelsi ba shi da laifi.  Dukansu Imed da Moaz suna cikin jerin sunayen da Interpol ke nema.  An mayar da jirgin ruwan ga mai shi. 

## Siyasa
Bayan da Shugaba Zine El Abidine Ben Ali ya kuma sauka daga mulki ya tsere daga kasar sakamakon juyin juya halin kasar ta Tunusiya, wani matukin jirgin sama ya hana Imed Trabelsi ficewa daga kasar ta Tunusiya inda aka daure shi a "asibitin sojoji".  An washe gidansa a La Marsa.  Al Jazeera ta ruwaito cewa an kashe Trabelsi a ranar 15 ga Janairu  

## Zargi
Kodayake wasu rahotannin farko sun bayyana cewa wasu gungun mutane ne suka kashe shi yayin da yake filin jirgin saman Tunisiya ko kuma wani masunci a La Goulette ya sare shi, amma akasarinsu sun ruwaito cewa Trabelsi ya mutu a asibitin sojoji bayan an daba masa wuka    Daga baya rahotanni daga baya ta gwamnatin Tunisiya ta nuna cewa Trabelsi yana raye kuma gwamnatin na yi masa tambayoyi.   Ya bayyana a gaban kotu a ranar 20 ga Afrilu, 2011 don tuhumar shan miyagun kwayoyi kuma yana jiran a yanke masa hukunci tare da ci gaba da gabatar da shi. An dage shari’ar har zuwa ranar 7 ga watan Mayu, tare da sanya sunan alkalin da ya jagoranci shari’ar satar jiragen ruwan ta Trabelsi a cikin shari’ar.  A cikin 2014, ya fara yajin cin abinci don nuna rashin amincewa da sanya shi a kebe da yanayin yanayin tsare shi, sannan ya kasance a asibiti har sai lafiyar sa ta inganta.  A cikin 2015, an yanke masa hukuncin shekaru biyar a kurkuku, a cikin shari'ar bayar da filaye ba bisa ka'ida ba a Carthage. A ranar 18 ga Agusta, 2023, Kotun Cassation ta tabbatar da yarjejeniyar sulhu da aikata laifuka da aka kulla tsakanin Imed Trabelsi da Hukumar Gaskiya da Mutunci (IVD), wanda ke da alhakin sasantawa da tsarin biyan diyya a madadin Jihar Tunisiya tsakanin 2014 da 2018.

## Manazarta
Yahya Mohamed Abdullah Saleh

**Yahya Mohamed Abdullah Saleh** dan uwa ne ga tsohon shugaban Yemen Ali Abdullah Saleh,kuma ya kasance kwamanda ƙungiyar Tsaro ta Tsakiya mai ƙarfi kimanin sojoji 50,000 daga shekara ta 2001  zuwa ranar 21 ga Mayun shekarar 2012.  Mahaifinsa shi ne Manjo Janar Mohammed Abdullah Saleh .  An maye gurbin Saleh da Manjo Janar Fadhel Bin Yahiya al-Qusi. His father is Major General Mohammed Abdullah Saleh.

Bayan sallamarsa Yahya ya kuma aika wasika zuwa ga Shugaba Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi, inda ya nuna goyon bayansa ga Hadi. 

## Manazarta
Uthman ibn Ali (Na Tunis)

**Abu al-Nur Uthman Bey bn Ali** (27 May shekarar 1763 - 20 Disamban shekarata 1814) (    ) shine shugaba na shida a Daular Husainid kuma shine mai mulkin Tunisia a takaice a shekarar 1814. 

## Manazarta

## Duba wasu abubuwan
Souad Yaacoubi

**Souad Yaacoubi** shi ne Ministan Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Tunisia a cikin shekarar 1983. Ita ce kuma mace ta farko da ta fara wannan mukamin.  

## Manazarta
Habib Ben Yahia

**Habib Ben Yahia** (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga watan Yulin shekarar 1938   a Tunis ) ɗan siyasan Tunisiya ne.

## Ayyuka

Daga shekarata 1991 ya yi wa'adinsa na farko a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Wajen Tunisiya har zuwa Janairun shekarar 1997 lokacin da ya zama ministan tsaro. Ya yi aiki a wannan matsayin har sai da ya zama ministan harkokin waje a karo na biyu a watan Nuwamban shekarata 1999. Ya ci gaba da kasancewa ministan harkokin waje har zuwa Nuwamban shekarar 2004, lokacin da ya bar gwamnati sakamakon sauye-sauyen da aka yi a majalisar ministoci.  A watan Janairun 2006 aka ayyana shi a matsayin babban sakatare-janar na kungiyar Hadin Kan Larabawa, matsayin da yake ci gaba da rikewa.

## Kurkuku

An yankewa Habib Ben Yahia hukuncin daurin shekaru biyar a cikin watan Maris din 2017 bisa laifin amfani da wutar lantarki.  

## Manazarta
Mondher Zenaidi

**Mondher Zenaidi** (; an haife shi a ranar 24 Oktoban shekarar 1950) ɗan siyasan Tunusiya ne. Ya yi aiki a gwamnatin Tunisia a matsayin Ministan Kiwon Lafiyar Jama’a daga shekarar 2007 zuwa 2011.  Kafin wannan, ya kasance Sakataren Harkokin Ciniki da Masana'antu, Ministan Sufuri, da Ministan Kasuwanci.  

## Ilimi
An haifi Mondher Zenaidi a ranar 24 ga Oktoba, 1950 a Tunis.  Ya sauke karatu daga *Pariscole centrale Paris* a 1973 da *kuma'adcole nationalale d'admin administration* a 1976.

## Harkar siyasa
Ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban majalisar zartaswa na Ma’aikatar Lafiya, Babban Darakta na Ofishin Jakadancin Kasa na Tunusiya, da Babban Daraktan Ofishin Kasuwancin Tunusiya.  A 1991, an zabe shi Mataimakin Shugaban Majalisar Dokokin Tunusiya. An nada shi a matsayin Sakataren Jiha na Kasuwanci da Masana’antu, sannan ya zama Ministan Sufuri a 1994, Ministan Kasuwanci a 1996, Ministan Kasuwanci da Yawon Bude Ido a 2002, Ministan Kasuwanci da Hannu. A 2007, an nada shi Ministan Lafiya na Jama'a. 

Ya kasance memba na kwamitin Tsarin Mulki na Tsarin Mulki.  An zabe shi a matsayin Shugaba sittin da uku na Majalisar Lafiya ta Duniya.  Ya shiga cikin Kungiyar Ciniki ta Duniya da Kungiyar Taron Musulunci.

## Manazarta
Sungumi

**Sungumi** ko kuma **Sangwami** yana daga cikin kayan aikin gona wanda ana amfani dashi ne wajen shuka amfanin gona.

Ya nada doguwar Ƙota dogon kotan shine ya banbance tsakanin shi da kwashe. Yadda ake Amfani da sungumi mutum biyu suke aiki da shi ɗaya na sara wajen da za'a zuba iri (ƙwayar shuka) ɗaya kuma na biye dashi yana sanya irin wajen sarin da akayi da sungumi, yanayi yana rufewa (turbuɗewa). Sai dai wasu yankunan basa amfani da sungumi sai dai Shantu da dai sauran abubuwan da ake yin shuka dasu, irin jihar Zamfara, Sokoto da kuma jihar Kebbi sune suka fi amfani da sungumi.

## Manazarta
Mohamed Salah Zaray

**Mohamed Salah Zaray** memba ne na Majalisar Tarayyar Afirka ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke da wakiltar Tunisia . 

## Manazarta
Abdelkarim Zbidi

**Abdelkrim Zbidi** (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1950 a Rejiche ) ɗan siyasan Tunusiya ne.  kuma wanda yayi gwagwarmayan kawo canji a kasar.

## Tarihin rayuwa

Yana da digirin digirgir na likitanci daga Jami'ar Claude Bernard na Lyon, digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin halittar dan adam da kuma amfani da shi, da digirin digirgir a fannin ilimin likitancin dan adam, difloma na difloma kan ilimin kimiyyar lissafin dan adam da kuma digiri a karatu da bincike kan ilmin mutum.

Ya zama mai kula da horon manyan likitocin kiwon lafiya a sashen ilimin magani na Sousse tsakanin shekarar 1981 da 1988; Ya kuma rike mukamai da yawa a Kwalejin: Shugaban Sashen Kimiyyar Kimiyya daga shekarar 1982 zuwa shekarata 1989 da kuma Farfesa na Asibiti da Jami'a daga shekarar 1987. Shi ne kuma Shugaban Sashin Bincike Aiki a Asibitin Farhat-Hached da ke Sousse tsakanin shekarar 1990 da 1999.

Yana da alhaki daga shekarar 1992 don ayyukan ƙwarewa a fagen aikace-aikacen likita na ikon nukiliya a Hukumar Makamashin Atom ta Duniya.

Shi ne shugaban Kwalejin Ilimin Jiki da Bincike, tsakanin shekarar 1994 da 1997, yana ba da rahoto ga Ma’aikatar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama’a da Jami’ar Tsakiya daga shekarar 1995 zuwa 1999; shi ma shugaban makarantar likita ne na Sousse tsakanin shekarar 2005 da 2008.

## Harkar siyasa
A lokacin sauya shekar na Firayim Minista Mohamed Ghannouchi na 27 Janairu 2011, ya zama ministan tsaro na kasa.  Ya maye gurbin Ridha Grira wanda ke rike da mukamin kwanaki goma kawai.

## Duba kuma

* Gwamnatin Mohamed Ghannouchi

## Manazarta
Saâdeddine Zmerli

**Saâdeddine Zmerli** (    ) (Janairu 7, shekarar 1930 - Maris 26, 2021  ) ya kasance masanin urologist dan siyasa, kuma dan siyasa. Ya shafe shekaru goma sha biyu a Faransa, shekaru goma a Algeria da shekaru goma sha takwas a kasar Tunisia .

## Tarihin rayuwa
A cikin shekarata 1973, Saâdeddine ya bar Aljeriya, shekaru takwas bayan taro daga shugaban Tunisia Bourguiba wanda ya bukace shi da ya kirkiro aikin yoyon fitsari a asibitin Charles Nicolle da ke Tunis. 

Daga 25 ga Yuli, 1988 zuwa 10 ga Afrilu, 1989 Pr. An zabi Zmerli a matsayin Ministan Lafiya.

## Manazarta
Ali Zouaoui

**Ali Zouaoui** (    ; Nuwamba 10, shekarar 1925 - 18 ga Fabrairu, shekarata 1972) masanin tattalin arziki ne kuma ɗan siyasa a kasar Tunusiya.

## Ayyuka
Ya kasance da a cikin wani tsohuwar dangi, ya fito daga garin Hajeb El Ayoun, kuma yayi karatun doka da tattalin arziki a Faransa . Ya kasance shugaban Espérance Sportive de Tunis daga shekarar 1968 zuwa 1970.  Sannan, ya yi aiki a matsayin gwamnan Babban Bankin Tunisia daga shekarar 1970 zuwa 1972;   a cikin shekarar ƙarshe an kashe shi a cikin haɗarin mota.

## Rayuwar mutum
Ya auri Soufiya Belkhodja, 'yar'uwar mai zanan Néjib Belkhodja kuma' yar masu sana'ar Tunisiya, sannan Arlette Ravalec. Yana da 'ya'ya mata biyu da ɗa. Shi kakan 'yar fim din, Dorra Zarrouk . 

## Manazarta
 

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* *Revue tunisienne de kimiyyar zamantakewar al'umma*, 1967
Abderrahim Zouari

**Abderrahim Zouari** ( Tunisian Arabic   ; an haife shi 18 Afrilun shekarar 1944) ɗan siyasan Tunusiya ne. Ya kasance Ministan Sufuri daga shekarar 2004 zuwa shekarar 2011 a karkashin Shugaba Zine El Abidine Ben Ali .    Ya kasance dan takarar kungiyar Destourian a zaben shugaban kasa na 2014 . A watan Janairun shekarar 2019, Zouari ya kafa ƙungiya mai suna *Tahya Tounes* . 

## Tarihin rayuwa
Daga shekarar 1974 zuwa shekarar 1978, ya yi aiki a matsayin Gwamnan Gabès, sannan Gwamnan Nabeul .  A shekarar 1991, aka nada shi Ministan Shari'a.  Daga shekarar 1992 zuwa shekarar 1993, ya yi aiki a matsayin jakadan Tunusiya a Maroko .  An nada shi a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Waje a 1997, sannan ya zama Ministan Ilimi a 1999.  Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Sakatare-janar na Tsarin Mulki na Rally Democratic .   A shekarar 2001, an nada shi a matsayin Ministan Matasa da Wasanni, da kuma yawon bude ido da kere kere .   A shekarar 2004, an nada shi a matsayin Ministan Sufuri, ya ci gaba da zama a wannan mukamin har sai da aka kore shi bayan abin da ya faru bayan juyin juya halin kasar ta Tunusiya da ya fara daga 2010 zuwa 2011. A cikin Nuwamba 2023, Abderrahim Zouari shi ma batun ne na umarnin tsare shi saboda cin gajiyar ayyukansa, don samun fa'ida. Daure shi ya biyo bayan korafin da wata kungiya mai zaman kanta ta shigar a kan "tushen zargin cin hanci da rashawa a kwangilar gwamnati".

## Manazarta
Lamia Zribi

**Lamia Zribi** Yar siyasan Tunusiya ce. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Kudi har zuwa 1 ga watan Mayun shekara ta 2017, a lokacin da Fadhel Abd Kefi ya gaje ta.  An some ta saboda gazawa don hana faduwar kudin dinari na Tunusiya da ci gaba da bunkasa kudaden da ake kashewa a bangaren gwamnati. 

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haife shine a shekara ta 1961 a Medjez el-Bab, Lamia Zribi ta fito ne daga lardin Zaghouan. Ta kammala karatun ta ne a tsangayar koyar da shari’a da ilimin siyasa da tattalin arziki na jami’ar ta Tunis, inda ta samu digirin ta na biyu a fannin tattalin arziki a shekara ta 1983 sannan ta shiga makarantar mulki ta kasa, inda ta samu a shekara ta 1993 ta kammala karatun ta na gaba.

## Aiki
A shekara ta 2001, ta zama Darakta ne na kashe kudaden waje a Ma’aikatar Raya Kasa da Hadin kai ta Kasa da Kasa, har zuwa shekara ta 2008, ta kasance Darakta ce a Jahar Hasashen.

Ita ce kuma shugabar kamfanin TradeNet (TTN). A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, 2016, Ministan Kudi ne ya nada ta a matsayin shugabar bankin Kananan da Matsakaita-kudi ta Bankin Kudi ta maye gurbin Souhir Taktak.

A ranar 2 ga watan Fabrairun 2015, an nada ta Sakatariyar Jiha ga Ministan Raya Kasa, Zuba Jari da Hadin Kan Kasa da Kasa a gwamnatin Habib Essid.

A ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, 2016, an nada ta Ministan Kudi a gwamnatin Youssef Chahed. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta fara samun wannan matsayin a Tunisia.

## Kora
A ranar 30 ga watan Afrilu, 2017, aka kore ta daga Minista kuma aka maye gurbin ta a kan rikon kwarya da Ministan Raya, Zuba Jari da Hadin Kan Kasa da Kasa, Fadhel Abdelkefi. A ranar 18 ga watan Agusta, aka nada ta shugabar majalisar kididdiga ta kasa da kasa 

## Manazarta
Kanunfari

**Kanumfari** yana daga kayan abinci. Ko kuma abinda ake sawa a cikin abinci don ƙansasa abincin kuma ana amfani dashi wajen haɗa shayi da daka yaji da maganin sanyi da dai sauran kayan abinci. Ba duk ƙasa ake samun masu noman shi ba. Kanumfari yanada matuƙar amfani ga Dan Adam. haka kuma kanumfari yana motsa sha'awa.

## Manazarta
Nouri Zorgati

**Nouri Zorgati** (25 ga Agustan shekarar 1937 - 12 Oktoban shekarata 2014) ɗan siyasan Tunusiya ne, wanda ya rike mukamin minista a kasar Tunusiya.

## Ayyuka
YHaifaffen garin Sousse ne a ranar 25 ga watan Agustan shekarar 1937,   Zorgati ya fara aikinsa na siyasa yana aiki a Ma’aikatar Cigaban Yanki daga 1968 zuwa 1987.   An fara nada shi Ministan Kudi a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 1987. A ranar 11 ga Afrilu 1989, Zorgati ya zama ministan noma. Ya sauka ya zama shugaban hadaddiyar kungiyar Bankunan Tunusiya, a Paris, daga Mayu shekarata 1991 zuwa Yunin 1992. A ranar 9 ga Yuni shekarar 1992, Zorgati ya fara aikinsa na biyu a matsayin ministan kudi kafin ya koma ga Tarayyar Bankunan Tunusia tsakanin 22 ga Janairu 1997 da 2 ga Agusta 2002.  Ya mutu a ranar 12 ga Oktoba 2014, yana da shekara 77, a wani asibiti a Faransa. 

## Manazarta
Sarah Toumi

**Sarah Toumi** 'yar kasuwa ce' yar asalin ƙasar Tunusiya, wacce ta yi aikin sauya lamuran Hamada a kasarta.

## Rayuwar farko
An kuma haifi Sarah Toumi a Faransa; mahaifinta dan ƙasar Tunusiya ne yayin da mahaifiyar ta kuma ya faransa ce, wato Bafaransiya ce. Yayin da take zaune a Faris a shekarar 2008, Sarah Toumi ta kafa Mafarki, tsarin tsarin sadarwar zamani da kirkirar daliban muhalli.  

## Aikin muhalli
Bayan ta dawo Tunisia a shekarata 2012, ta kafa kungiyar Acacias for All project, wacce ke kokarin yakar ci gaba da kwararar hamada a kasar.  Toumi ta samu karfafuwa ne bayan ta ziyarci Bir Sallah inda kakan ta ke zaune, kuma ta ga banbancin na tsawan lokaci da kwararowar hamada da rashin ruwa a yankin da ke kewaye.  Ta kuma ga irin tasirin da hakan ya yi wa matan yankin, wadanda aka tursasa su yin aiki a wuraren da ba a biya su albashi mai tsoka a birane. 

Bayan da Ma’aikatar Muhalli ta ki amincewa da shirin,  sai ta gano cewa bankunan Tunisiya ba za su ba ta rancen duk wani jari na farawa ba saboda ita mace ce. Daga baya ta bayyana, "Duk lokacin da na samu a'a, hakan ya zame min kwarin gwiwa. Ya bayyana a gare ni cewa zan yi gwagwarmayar neman yancin mata daidai wa daida a cikin alumma kuma Acacias for All ya kamata ya zama matakin farko ”.  Madadin haka, ta yi cincirindo don neman kuɗi, ta sami Euro 3,000. 

Toumi ya dai-daita shi don baiwa manoman yankin damar yin amfani da itaciya don samar da hanyar samun kudi ta hanyar sayar da danko da man daga itacen zogalen da ke fama da fari.  Kodayake ta tabbatar da cewa manoman farko dukkansu mata ne, amma ta fahimci cewa tana son ganin daidaito tsakanin jinsi da kuma hada manoma maza cikin kungiyar kwadagon da aka kafa ta hanyar aikin. 

Don aikinta kan wannan aikin, an sanya ta a matsayin mutum daya tilo ko Balarabe a cikin jerin ‘ yan kasuwar *Forbes* 30‘ yan kasa da shekaru 30 a shekara ta 2016.  Daga baya an kira aikin 1milliontrees4Tunisia, tare da Toumi ya zama ɗaya daga cikin 30 da suka ci nasarar Rolex Awards na Kasuwancin a cikin 2016; karo na farko da kuma duk wani dan kasar Tunisia ya lashe kyautar.  Toumi yana ganin amfani da bishiyoyi don magance kwararar hamada kamar yadda ake amfani da shi a duniya.

A watan Oktoban shekarar 2021, Sarah Toumi tana haɓaka wani dandamali don ƙididdige ƙirar ta don haka inganta yanayin ayyukan ta don samun damar yin kwafin su. Fiye da kowane lokaci, wacce ta bayyana kanta a matsayin "mai binciken duniyar da ke canzawa" ta yi imani da juyin juya halin kore da take son ƙaddamarwa a Tunusiya da bayanta.

## Kasuwancin zamantakewar al'umma
A cikin shekarar 2011, tare da Hatem Mahbouli da Asma Mansour, Toumi sun kafa Cibiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Tunusiya, wanda aka sadaukar domin sanya kasuwancin zamantakewar ya zama tushen tattalin arzikin Tunisia. 

## Manazarta
 

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* ACACIAS don duk gidan yanar gizo 
*   
* Sarah Toumi
Memia Benna

**Memia Benna** yar siyasan Tunusiya ce. Tana aiki a matsayin Ministar Muhalli a karkashin Firayim Minista Hamadi Jebali .  

## Tarihin rayuwa
Memia Benna an haife ta a shekarar 1966 a Tunis . 

## Aiki
Ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar farfesa a Bizerte, sannan daga baya ta zama sakatare-janar na babbar Kwalejin Kimiyyar Muhalli da Fasaha a Borj Cedria . 

## Siyasa
A 20 Disamba 2011, ta shiga Majalisar Ministocin Jebali a matsayin Ministar Muhalli. 

## Manazarta
Hayfa Sdiri

**Hayfa Sdiri** (    *Hayfā 'Sdīrī*, an haife shi a shekara ta 1997) ɗan asalin Tunusiya ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya kuma mai rubutun ra'ayin yanar gizo .  

## Aiki
A cikin shekarata 2016, ta kafa Entr @ crush, wani dandalin kan layi don 'yan kasuwa na gaba. 

## Karatu
Sdiri a halin yanzu tana karatun Kimiyyar Aiyuka, Gudanar da Kasuwanci da Gudanarwa a Jami'ar Paris Dauphine . 

## Martaba
A cikin shekarar 2019, an saka ta a cikin Mata 100 na BBC, jerin mata 100 masu kwazo da tasiri.   

## Manazarta
 

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Entr @ murkushe
*
Mutanen Fali

Mutanen **Fali,** (waɗanda ake kira **Bana** a Nijeriya )  kowane ɗayan ƙananan ƙabilu ne na Afirka . Fali suna zaune ne a yankunan tsaunuka na arewacin Kamaru, amma wasu ma suna zaune a arewa maso gabashin Najeriya .   Fali ta ƙunshi manyan ƙungiyoyi huɗu, kowannensu ya yi daidai da yankin ƙasa: Bossoum Fali, da Kangou Fali, da Peske – Bori Fali, da Tingelin Fali.  An bayyana Fali a Kamaru da cewa suna tsakiyar Garoua da kuma tsaunuka masu tudu da ƙololuwar tsaunukan Adamawa a arewacin kasar.    A Fali wani lokaci ana kira a matsayin **[[Kirdi]]**, ma'ana " arna ," wani lokaci ba ta makwabtaka da Musulmi Fulani . bayan sun yaƙi masu jihadi suka ƙi musulunta. A yau Fali a Mubi Arewacin jihar Adamawa galibi kiristoci ne. 

## Asali
Kalmar *Fali* daga kalmar Fula ce ma'anar "perched," ishara ce ga yadda mahaɗan Fali suke bayyana a gefen duwatsu.  Fali a Nijeriya da farko suna zaune ne a Gundumar Mubi, Mubi Division na tsohuwar Jihar Gongola . 

Mutanen Fali sun samo asalinsu ne daga Ngomma, wanda ya kafa tsohon babban birnin Timpil. Sauran asusun sun gano asalin Fali zuwa wayewar Sao a tafkin Chadi, wanda ya bunƙasa tun daga ƙarni na goma zuwa na 16. 

## Al'adu
Fali suna magana da yarurruka daban-daban da basu da alaƙa da su.

Fali da farko suna shiga noma da farauta.  Manya amfanin gona sun hada da gero, kaji, gyada (gyada), squash, taba, okra, da auduga .  Fali suna da ƙazantarwa, na asali, da matsayi, tare da zamantakewar al'umma tare da dangi masu keɓaɓɓun yankuna da sarakuna, kuma suna bin asalinsu ga magabata daya.  Suna lura da zama mai ban mamaki . 

*Cissus quadrangularis* ne muhimmi ga Fali a Kamaru, sannan da kuma Fali aka ruwaito su wanke matattu a wani decoction na shuka.  Fali sun yi imanin cewa ci gaban tsire-tsire yana da mahimmanci ga haihuwa; wani *C. quadrangularis* an dasa shi akan wuraren gine ginen da aka gabatar, kuma idan shukar bata bunƙasa ba, za'a zaɓi sabon shafin. 

## Addini
Addinin Fali na asali addinin Afirka ne na gargajiya. An gano shi a matsayin tauhidi,  wanda ya shafi imani da allahn mai halitta, Muttaf, da kuma allahn uwa, Ona, the Earth. Mabiya addinin Fali suna yin addu'a da baiko ga kakanni don yin ceto tare da Faw a madadin masu rai.  Fali "ta ɗauki tunanin Muttaf ba kawai a matsayin mahalicci ba kuma mai tsarawa, amma kuma a matsayin Allah mai adalci wanda ba za a iya shakkar hikimar ɗan adam ba."  Addini kuma ya haɗa da imani a cikin allahntaka mutane, ciki har da , tsarki crocodiles, da kuma baki maciji, da baƙin duhu.

Zuwa shekara ta 2009, yawan adadin Fali sun kasance Krista kodayake yawancin tuba sun kiyaye imanin aiki tare.  Jimlar mutanen Fali sun haura mutane 250,000, inda kashi 99 cikin 100 mabiya addinin kirista ne (a Najeriya) sauran kuma musulmai ne da masu bin addinin gargajiya. Manyan majami'u a Fali Land sune Katolika, Baptist da EYN tare da churchesan majami'u Pentikostal masu zuwa a kwanakin baya.

## Manazarta
Harshen Fon

**Fon** (  , Furuci

## Yaruka
Ingantaccen yare na Fon wani ɓangare ne na tarin harsunan Fon a cikin yarukan Gabas ta Gabas. Hounkpati B Christophe Capo kungiyoyin Agbome, Kpase, Gun, Maxi da Weme (Ouémé) a cikin rukunin yaren Fon, kodayake ana kuma ba da wasu shawarar kamar rukunin. Standard Fon shine babban manufa na kokarin tsara harshe a Benin, kodayake akwai kokarin daban don Goun, Gen, da sauran yarukan ƙasar. 

Zuwa yau, akwai kusan yaruka 53 na harshen Fon da ake amfani da shi a duk ƙasar Benin.

## Fasaha

Fon yana da bakwai na baƙi da wasali phonemes da biyar wasali na hanci.

## Tsarin al'ada
Haruffan Fon sun dogara ne da haruffan Boko, tare da ƙarin haruffa Ɖ / ɖ, Ɛ / ɛ, da Ɔ / ɔ, da digraphs gb, hw, kp, ny, da xw.  

### Alamar sautin
Alamar alama ce kamar haka:

* M lafazi alamomi mafitar sautin: xó, kada
* Kabari lafazi alamomi da fadowa sautin: ɖò, akpàkpà
* Alamar caron tana faɗuwa da tashin sautin: bǔ, bǐ
* Accaramar da'ira ta nuna sautin tashi da fadowa: côfù
* Macron alama ce ta tsaka tsaki: kān

Sautuna suna cike da alama a cikin littattafan tunani, amma ba koyaushe ake yiwa alama a wasu rubuce-rubuce ba. Alamar sautin sauti ce, kuma ainihin lafazin na iya zama daban-daban gwargwadon yanayin sigar.  

## Samfurin rubutu
Daga Sanarwar Duniya game da 'Yancin Dan Adam

: 
: 

## Yi amfani da
Ana watsa shirye-shiryen radiyo a Fon akan tashoshin ORTB.

Ana nuna shirye-shiryen talabijin a Fon akan tashar Talabijin ta La Beninoise ta tauraron Ɗan adam. 

Faransanci ya kasance shine harshe ɗaya tilo na ilimi a Benin, amma a cikin shekaru goma na biyu na ƙarni na ashirin, gwamnati na yin gwaji tare da koyar da wasu fannoni a makarantun Benin cikin harsunan gida na ƙasar, daga cikinsu akwai Fon.

## Manazarta

* Aikace-aikacen Facebook don amfani da koyon yaren Fon, wanda Jolome.com ya haɓaka
* Shafin farko gaba daya a cikin Fongbe. An ba da damar zuwa dandalin Fongbe
* Jaridar Yarukan Afirka Ta Yamma: Labarai kan Fon
*  na Maurice Delafosse a Taskar Intanet (a Faransanci)
Asma Mansour

**Asma Mansour** (    ) 'yar asalin kasar Tunusiya ce kuma 'yar fafutuka ta mata wacce a shekarar 2011 ta kirkiro da cibiyar bunkasa rayuwar al'umma ta Tunusiya.  A sakamakon haka, an zabe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin Mata 100 na BBC a shekarar 2014.  A watan Yunin 2016, an sanya ta ta uku a cikin mutane 42 masu kirkire-kirkire na Afirka, wacce mujallar kasuwanci ta yanar gizo *Ventures Africa ta* zaba.  
## Tarihin rayuwa
Wanda aka haife shi a cikin dangin gargajiya, Mansour ya kasance mai bin ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodin iyayenta. A lokacin da ta kai shekara 15, ta fara yin rubutu game da wahalar da ita a gareta ta yarda da yadda ake kula da mata a cikin iyalinta da ma sauran jama'a gabaɗaya. Duk da haka ta yi karatun lissafi a babbar jami'ar Manouba da ke Kwalejin Akawu da Kasuwanci, inda ta kammala a shekarar 2010. 

## Karatu
Yayinda take daliba, ta taka rawar gani a kungiyoyi daban-daban, ciki har da Junior Chamber International da AIESEC, inda ta hanyar shirya abubuwan da suka faru ta sami gogewar batutuwa kamar muhalli, kiwon lafiya, ilimi, 'yancin dan adam da kuma keɓance jama'a. Ta koyi yadda ake sarrafa ƙungiya, tara kuɗi da yin shawarwari game da haɗin gwiwa. Ganin irin karfin da take da shi, sai Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka ya kuma ba ta tallafin karatu don bin kwas din gudanar da kasuwanci a Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Rum da ke Tunisia wacce ta kammala a shekarar 2010. Godiya ga tallafin karatu daga Ecole Supérieure de Commerce, daga nan ta ci gaba da samun digiri na biyu a Marouba a shekarad 2013. 

Yayin da take karatu, Mansour ta kafa kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam, Movement for Human Rights for Learning, wacce ta himmatu wajen shigar da hakkin dan adam cikin rayuwar yau da kullun ta 'yan kasar ta Tunisia. Bayan wata ziyarar da ta kai kasar Japan inda ta samu karfafuwa ta yanayin zamantakewar kasuwanci, a cikin shekarar 2011, tare da Hatem Mahbouli da Sarah Toumi, sun kafa Cibiyar Tunusiya ta Tattalin Arziki ta Tunusiya, wanda aka sadaukar domin samar da kasuwancin jama'a ya zama tushen tattalin arzikin Tunisia. . 

## Manazarta
Harshen Fali

**Harshen Fali ya** ƙunshi yare biyu da ake magana da su a arewacin Kamaru. Yana daya daga cikin harsunan Greenberg na Adamawa (a matsayin Group G11), an cire shi daga wannan dangin ta Boyd (1989). Roger Blench ya yi zargin cewa tana iya wakiltar ɗayan zuriya da farko da suka yanke reshen hannun jari na Atlantic-Congo.

## Iri-iri
Dangane da *Ethnologue* 16, rassa biyu na Fali sun “banbanta,” amma ba a bayyana yadda suka bambanta ba. Blench da alama yana kula dasu kamar rabin dozin yare a rassa biyu. Kudancin Fali yana da masu magana 20,000, tare da yaruka da yawa. Arewa Fali, mai masu magana 16,000, ita ma tana da yarukan da yawa; Masu magana da harshen Arewa Fali suna "saurin" sauyawa zuwa fullancin Adamawa Fulfulde kafin shekarar 1982.

; Arewa Fali
: Dourbeye (Fali-Dourbeye)
: Bossum (Fali-Bossum)
: Distance Ga-Rankuwa-Bvəri (Fali du Peske-Bori)
; Kudu Fali
: Distance Watsa-Kaang (Fali Kangou)
: Bele (Fali-Bele)
: Fali-Tinguélin

A da ana amfani da yaren Nimbari a yankin kudancin Fali, amma mutanen Nimbari yanzu suna magana da Fali Kangou. 

## Manazarta
* Roger Blench, 2004. Jerin yarukan  adamawa (ms)
* Sweetman, Gary. 1981. *Nazarin kwatancen yaruka na Fali* . Yaoundé: SIL.
Masarautar Gokana

**Masarautar Gokana** tana ɗaya daga cikin masarautu shida na mutanen Ogoni a Ogoni (kuma Ogoniland) a yankin Niger Delta na Najeriya . "Masarautar Gokana" tana da abubuwan tarihin ƙasa, na tarihi sannan da kuma na yare daban-daban tare da wasu masu magana da harshen Gokana kimanin 130,000 da ke cikin Karamar Hukumar Gokana a cikin Jihar Ribas . Gokana ta ƙunshi ƙauyuka da dama, ciki har da Lewe, B. Dere, K. Dere, Kpor, Mogho, Bomu, Bodo, Gio-koo, Nwe-ol, Alli D. Bera, Biara, Deeyor, Boghor, Barako da Yeghe.

## Manazarta
Harsunan Shiroro

**Harsunan Shiroro**, wanda aka fi sani da **harsunan Pongu**, suna da reshe kuma na yarukan Kainji na Nijeriya. Ana magana dasu kusa da Tekun Shiroro.

## Harsuna
Akwai bangarorin asali guda hudu tsakanin Shiroro: 

* Pongu (Rin) gungu, Gurmana
* kungiyoyin Baushi, Fungwa (Ura)

Baushi yare ne da ya samar da rabin dozin harsuna.
* Roger Blench, The Shiroro languages

## Mahaɗar waje
* Roger Blench, Yarukan Shiroro 

## Manazarta