Alan Boraas

**Alan S. Boraas** (17 ga Afrilu, 1947 - 4 ga Nuwamba, 2019 ) farfesa ne a fannin ilimin ɗan adam a Kwalejin Kenai Peninsula a Alaska.  An san shi da bincike game da al'adu, tarihi, da ilimin kimiyyar archaeology na mutanen yankin Cook Inlet na Alaska, kuma musamman ya yi aiki tare da Mutanen Dena'ina na Kenai Peninsula. Shi memba ne mai daraja na Ƙabilar Indiya ta Kenaitze,  kuma yana taimaka wa kabilar ta haɓaka shirin koyar da yaren Dena'ina.

Tare da James Kari na Cibiyar Harshen 'yan asalin Alaska, Boraas ya hada littafin *Dena'ina Legacy - K'tl'egh'i Sukdu: Rubuce-rubucen da aka tattara na Peter Californsky* na Peter Californisky. Boraas ya kuma rubuta tarihin Californsky da aka haɗa a cikin ƙarar.

## Ilimi

* Jami'ar Jihar Oregon, Ph.D. (1983), Anthropology
* Jami'ar Toronto, MA (1971), Anthropology
* Jami'ar Minnesota, BA (1969), Anthropology; ƙarami a cikin Geology 

## Tarihin rayuwa

### BA da MA
An haifi Boraas a gonar alkama a Minnesota. Bayan makarantar sakandare ya halarci Jami'ar Minnesota a Minneapolis . A cikin wani abu, ya ɗauki aji a cikin ilimin ɗan adam a cikin shekara ta farko, kuma yana son shi sosai har ya nemi matsayin bazara a matsayin mataimakin archaeological, kodayake galibi makarantar ta hayar ɗaliban digiri ne kawai. Ya ci gaba kuma an ba shi aiki a wani binciken archaeological a Mille Lacs, Minnesota, inda asalin gonarsa ya zo da amfani, saboda yana daya daga cikin dalibai kalilan da za su iya sarrafa kayan aiki masu nauyi da aka yi amfani da su don motsa datti daga shafin bayan binciken farko da hannu. Wani muhimmin abu game da aikinsa shi ne binciken archaeological na farko: jan dutse mai kaifi wanda ya samu a 1966. Lokacin da ya kai shi ga darektan, an gaya masa, "Wannan kimanin shekaru 2,000 ne. "Kwarewar ta ja shi ga ilimin kimiyyar archaeology. Ya yi aiki a kan aikin Mille Lacs na bazara biyu, sannan ya yi aiki a lokacin rani tare da ƙungiyar da ke da alhakin kimanta binciken archaeological a ayyukan gini da sauran irin waɗannan abubuwan da aka gano. Ya kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Minnesota a shekarar 1969 tare da B.A. a fannin ilimin ɗan adam da ƙarami a fannin ilmin ƙasa.

Zaɓin makarantar da ya yi don neman digiri mafi girma ya kasance na son rai: kundin jami'a na farko a kan ɗakunan ajiya don As ya kasance don Jami'ar Alaska Fairbanks (UAF). Ya halarci UAF na shekara guda kuma ya yi aiki a lokacin rani mai zuwa tare da ƙungiyar UAF da ke bincika hanyar Trans-Alaska Pipeline mai zuwa don wuraren binciken archaeological. Daga nan sai ya koma Jami'ar Toronto, inda ya sami Jagora na Arts a Anthropology a shekarar 1971. 

### Ayyuka na farko a yankin Kenai
Ya koma Alaska, yana zaune a sansanin gari a Soldotna saboda ba shi da tsada. Ya yi aiki a cikin kantin sayar da tukwane na gida kuma ya taimaka wajen gina wani gida wanda yanzu yana cikin ginin Soldotna Historical Society. A ranar karshe ta aiki a gidan, Clayton Brockel, wanda ya kafa Kwalejin Jama'a ta Kenai Peninsula, ya zo kusa da shi, wanda ya tambaye shi idan zai so ya koyar da Ilimi na Adult Basic. Boraas ya yi aiki na rabin lokaci a kwalejin yana taimaka wa manya su sami digiri na makarantar sakandare. Ya kuma koyar da Ilimi na Adult Basic a Wildwood, tsohon tashar rundunar sojan sama wanda aka sauya zuwa Kenai Native Association a matsayin wani ɓangare na sasantawar da'awar ƙasar Alaska Native. A Wildwood, Boraas ya yi hulɗa ta farko tare da membobin yankin Kenai na Alaska Native. Boraas ya yaba da koyarwar Adult Basic Education tare da taimaka masa ya koyi cewa zai iya koyarwa, da kuma tasirin da koyarwa zai iya samu a rayuwar mutane. Ya yaba wa azuzuwan kamar waɗanda aka gudanar a Wildwood, waɗanda aka ba da kuɗi ta hanyar Shirin Ayyukan Indiya na Ofishin Harkokin Indiya, tare da ba da gudummawa ga inganta rayuwar mutane da al'ummomi, da kuma taimakawa wajen samar da ƙarni na shugabannin 'yan asalin ƙasar.

A shekara ta 1974, Boraas yana koyarwa na cikakken lokaci, tare da rabin lokacin da ya yi amfani da shi wajen koyar da Ilimi na Adult Basic, ɗayan rabin ya yi amfani leitar da ilimin ɗan adam. Ya gudanar da binciken archaeological na farko a Alaska a 1974 tare da Ciechanski Road, a abin da ya zama shafin Dena'ina. Sa'an nan kuma ya yanke shawarar yin tono a ƙauyen Californsky, wanda aka watsar da shi a ƙarshen 1920s bayan annobar mura ta bar yawan jama'a karami don ci gaba da ƙauyen. Kodayake shafin yana kan ƙasar mallakar Kenai Peninsula Borough, Boraas ya ji yana da kyau a nemi tsoffin mazauna ƙauyen don izinin su don tono shafin. Ya sadu da Peter Californsky, wanda aka haife shi a ƙauyen Californsky a 1911, da kuma 'yar'uwarsa Mary Nissen. Boraas ya tuna cewa Mary Nissen "ta girgiza ni kamar jarrabawar makarantar digiri. " Californsky da Nissen sun ba da izinin su don tonowa, amma sun sanya wasu ƙuntatawa, wanda Boraas da tawagarsa suka girmama.

### Digiri na Doctoral
A shekara ta 1979, Boraas ya bar Alaska don yin karatu don digiri na biyu. An cire rubutun nasa daga ilimin kimiyyar archaeology: batun shi ne juyin halitta na ƙwarewa tsakanin bangarorin dama da hagu na kwakwalwa. Ya sami digirin digirinsa daga Jami'ar Jihar Oregon a Corvallis a shekarar 1983.  Ya koma Soldotna kuma ya yi aiki tare da Kwalejin Al'umma ta Kenai Peninsula da Gidan Tarihi na Pratt a Homer a kan wani binciken archaeological kusa da Halibut Cove a kan Kachemak Bay, inda aka sami ragowar duka ayyukan Dena'ina da ragowar daga aikin da suka gabata ta mutanen Alutiiq da ke tafiya a teku da aka sani da Hadisin Kachemak.

## manazarta