Jack Earl

**Jack Earl** (an haife shi a ranar 2 ga Agusta, 1934, a Uniopolis, Ohio ) wani ɗan ƙasar Amurka ne mai zane-zanen yumbu kuma tsohon malami, wanda aka san shi da samun kwarin gwiwa daga jiharsa ta Ohio don ƙirƙirar ayyukan karkara "tare da fasaha mai kyau da cikakkun bayanai masu kyau ... zuwa inda za ku iya jin ƙamshin iska, jin shiru da kuma girgiza kwari."  Duk da cewa ayyukansa suna nuna jigogi na sirri, ilimi, da labarai ta hanyar da ba ta da daɗi, Earl "mai adawa da ilimi ne wanda ke guje wa duniyar fasaha."  An san shi musamman da amfani da tsarin alamar kasuwancinsa, dos-a-dos (wanda aka fassara "baya zuwa baya"): "Wannan nau'in fasaha kamar littafi ne mai labarai biyu ... hotunan biyu da suka yi kama da marasa daidaituwa suna sa mai kallo ya cike gibin ra'ayi ta hanyar hasashe na waƙa."  Ayyukansa sau da yawa sun haɗa da karnuka ko kuma halin "Bill", wanda aka ce haɗin surukin Earl ne, kansa, da sauransu.  Lakabin da ke cikin wakokinsa yawanci dogayen labarai ne masu cike da tunani waɗanda ke nuna salon rayuwar jama'a ko ta karkara. An yi nufin waɗannan su ƙara wani fasali ga zane-zanen.  Ayyukansa sun sami amsa mai kyau a tsawon shekarun da ya yi yana aiki, musamman tunda ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin "ƙwararre wajen tunatar da mu cewa a cikin abubuwan da muke ɗauka da wasa akwai lokutan asiri da mamaki marasa ƙarewa."  Earl ya ci gaba da zama a Lakeview, Ohio tare da matarsa, Fairlie.

## Ilimi da aiki
A lokacin da yake girma a garinsu na Uniopolis, Ohio, Earl ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga malamin zane-zane na makarantar sakandare, Darvin Luginbuhl. [1] Ya sami digirin BA a Kwalejin Bluffton da ke Ohio a 1956, sannan ya koyar da zane-zane a makarantun sakandare har sai da ya sami digirin MA a fannin ilimin fasaha a Jami'ar Jihar Ohio a 1964. [2] Daga 1963 zuwa 1972 ya zama lokacin wahayi da bincike ga Earl, yayin da yake aiki a fannin ilimin fasaha da yumbu a Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha da Zane na Toledo. [3] Yana da sha'awar yin da kuma nazarin siffofi na tarihi na porcelain, kuma a farkon shekarun 1970, zane-zanen "mai ban sha'awa" na Earl [3] "sun canza al'adar Turai zuwa karin magana ta zamani da ta Amurka". [3] Daga 1972 zuwa 1978, Earl mataimakin farfesa ne a Jami'ar Virginia Commonwealth, kuma a 1974 shi da abokin aikinsa Tom DaLousa su ne biyu daga cikin mutanen farko da suka fara zama a shirin zama na Fasaha/Masana'antu na Cibiyar Fasaha ta John Michael Kohler. [4] A ƙarshen shekaru goma, Earl yana ƙirƙirar ayyukan fasaha na gaske (kuma a wasu lokuta, na ban mamaki). Bayan an zaɓi ɗaya daga cikin sassaka na porcelain ɗinsa zuwa Abubuwan da ke faruwa: Amurka, wani baje kolin ƙasa da aka yi daga 1969 zuwa 1971 wanda SC Johnson and Son, Inc. (Racine, WI) ta shirya, aikin Earl ya fara samun karɓuwa. [2] Ba da daɗewa ba aka ba shi kyautar baje kolin kansa a Gidan Tarihi na Sana'o'in Zamani a Birnin New York (yanzu Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha da Zane ), kuma aikinsa ya bayyana a cikin mujallar sana'a ɗaya tilo ta wancan lokacin, Craft Horizons (yanzu American Craft ). [2] Tun daga shekarar 1978 zuwa gaba, Earl ya ci gaba da aiki na cikakken lokaci a matsayin mai zane a ɗakin studio a gidansa da ke Lakeview, Ohio. A shekarar 1985, Lee Nordness ya buga littafin The Genesis and Triumphant Survival of an Underground Ohio Artist game da rayuwar Earl da aikinsa, ɗaya daga cikin littattafai na farko da aka rubuta game da mai zane mai fasaha kawai. [2] Earl ya ci gaba da gabatar da aikinsa a nune-nunen rukuni da na mutum ɗaya, kuma an nuna shi a cikin tarin littattafai da yawa na dindindin a duk faɗin ƙasar.

## Manazarta