Uqba ibn Nafi

**’Uqba bn Nafi’ bn ‘Abd al-Qays al-Fihrī al-Qurashī,** (      ). wanda kuma aka fi sani da **Uqba ibn Nafi**, wani Janar ne na larabawa wanda yake hidimar khalifancin Rashidun tun zamanin Umar, sannan kuma a zamanin khalifancin Umayyawa a zamanin Muawiyah I da Yazid I, wanda ya jagoranci musulmi ya ci yankin Magrib, ciki har da yankunan Aljeriya, Tunisia, Libya da Morocco.

Uqba ƙane ne ga Amr bn al-As. Yawancin lokaci ana kiransa **al-Fihri** dangane da Banu Fihri, dangin da ke da alaƙa da Kuraishawa. Za a san zuriyarsa da ’Uqbids ko Fihridawa. Uqba ita ce ta kafa birnin al'adu na Kairouan a Tunisiya.

Uqba ya raka Amr a farkon kame garuruwan da ke Arewacin Afirka tun daga Barca, sannan ya wuce Tripolitania a shekara ta 644. A cikin 670 yanzu sarki ko kwamanda, Uqba ya jagoranci rundunar Larabawa zuwa Arewacin Afirka, ya ratsa hamadar Masar, kuma ya kafa wuraren soji akai-akai akan hanyarsa. A wani yanki da ake kira Tunisiya a yanzu, ya kafa garin da ake kira Kairouan (ma'ana "sansanin" ko " caravanserai " a cikin Farisa ) kimanin mil 99 kudu da Tunis a yau, wanda ya yi amfani da shi don ci gaba da ayyuka.

A cewar wata tatsuniya, ɗaya daga cikin sojojin Uqba ya ci karo da wata kwalaben zinare da aka binne a cikin yashi. An gane shi a matsayin wanda ya bace daga Makka a shekarun baya, kuma da aka tono shi daga cikin yashi sai wani marmaro ya bayyana, ruwa ya ce ya fito daga rijiyar Zamzam mai alfarma da ke Makka.  Wannan labarin ya kai ga Kairouan ya zama wurin aikin hajji sannan kuma birni mai tsarki ("Makka na Maghreb") kuma birni mafi mahimmanci a Arewacin Afirka.

A shekara ta 683, Uqba Sarkin Kirista na Berber Kusaila tare da abokansa na Rumawa sun yi kwanton bauna a yakin Vescera. An kashe Uqba tare da abokin hamayyarsa Abu al-Muhajir Dinar . Sojojinsa sun kwashe Kairouan suka koma Barca, ko da yake an sake kama shi a 688.  Tashar jiragen sama ta Al-Watiya da ke Libya kuma ana kiranta da "Okba ibn Nafa Air Base" bayansa.

## Bayanan tarihi

Takaddun bayanai na galibin asusun da ke bayyana yadda Larabawa suka mamaye arewacin Afirka gaba daya da kuma yakin Uqba musamman sun samo asali ne tun a akalla ƙarni biyu bayan da aka yi yakin. 

Ɗaya daga cikin rahotannin farko ya zo daga marubucin tarihin Andalus Ibn Idhari a cikin *Al-Bayan al-Mughrib* . A cikinsa, Ibn Idhari ya bayyana lokacin da Uqba ya isa Tekun Atlantika, inda ya ce: |

Edward Gibbon, yana nufin Uqba ibn Nafi a matsayin *Akbah*, ya ba shi lakabin "Mai nasara na Afirka," ya fara labarinsa lokacin da "ya yi tattaki daga Dimashƙu a kan shugaban Larabawa dubu goma masu jaruntaka; kuma ƙarfin gaske na Musulmai ya kara girma. ta hanyar shakkun taimako da kuma tuba na ƴan Barbari dubu da yawa.” Sannan ya zarce zuwa Arewacin Afirka. Gibbon ya ci gaba da cewa: "Zai yi wahala, kuma ba lallai ba ne, a gano sahihancin layin ci gaban Akbah." A bakin tekun Arewacin Afirka, "sanannen lakabi na Bugia, da Tangier sun bayyana ƙarin takamaiman iyakokin nasarar Saracen ." Daga nan Gibbon ya ba da labarin yadda Akbah ya mamaye lardin Romawa na Mauretania Tingitana :

Duk da cewa akwai guraben karatu da yawa akan rayuwa da cin nasarar ibn Nafi, yawancin ba a fassara su daga asali na Larabci zuwa Turanci ko Faransanci ba.

## Nassoshi da bayanin kula

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Edward Gibbon, ''Tarihin Rugujewa da Faɗuwar Daular Roma'' Babi na 51

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