Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou

**Bikin fina-finai da talabijin na Panafrica na Ouagadougou** ( **Festival panafricain du cinéma et de la télévision de Ouagadougou** ko **FESPACO** ) bikin fina-finai ne a Burkina Faso, wanda ake gudanarwa duk shekara a birnin Ouagadougou, inda kungiyar ta kasance. Tana karɓar gasa kawai na fina-finai na masu shirya fina-finai na Afirka kuma galibi ana shirya su a Afirka. FESPACO an tsara shi a cikin Maris kowace shekara ta biyu, makonni biyu bayan Asabar ta ƙarshe na Fabrairu. Daren bude shi ana gudanar da shi a cikin Stade du 4-Août, filin wasa na kasa.

Bikin yana baiwa masu sana'ar fina-finai na Afirka damar kulla alakar aiki, musayar ra'ayi, da inganta ayyukansu. Manufar FESPACO ita ce ta ba da gudummawa ga faɗaɗawa da haɓaka fina-finan Afirka a matsayin hanyoyin faɗakarwa, ilimi da wayar da kan jama'a. Ta kuma yi kokarin kafa kasuwar fina-finan Afirka da kwararrun masana'antu. Tun bayan kafuwar FESPACO, bikin ya janyo hankulan masu halarta daga sassa daban-daban na nahiyar da ma sauran kasashen duniya.

## Tarihi da kafuwa
An ƙirƙira shi a cikin 1969, an fara kiran shi bikin fina-finai na Pan-African da bikin talabijin na Ouagadougou . Ya rikide zuwa wani taron da aka sani da kuma girmamawa na duniya.  Alimata Salambere, ministar al'adu ta Burkina Faso daga 1987 zuwa 1991, tana daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa wannan biki. A bugu na uku a shekara ta 1972, an sanya wa bikin suna FESPACO a takaice, yana mai da cikakken takensa na *bikin pan-Africain du cinema et de la television de Ouagadougou.* An amince da FESPACO a matsayin hukuma ta dokar gwamnati a ranar 7 ga Janairu, 1972. Bikin bayar da lambar yabo da kuma cibiyar gudanar da ayyuka shi ne Ouagadougou, babban birnin Burkina Faso, inda kuma ake gudanar da bikin bayar da kyautuka na shekara-shekara.

A shekarar 1972 wanda ya fara lashe kyautar fim mafi kyau shi ne *[[Le Wazzou polygame|Le Wazzou Polygame]]* na Oumarou Ganda na Nijar.  Tun daga wannan lokacin, daraktoci daga Kamaru, Morocco, Mali, Najeriya, Ivory Coast, Algeria, Burkina Faso, Ghana da Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo suka lashe kyautar fim mafi kyau.

### Juyin Halitta daga 1969 zuwa 2022
A lokacin kafuwar bikin a shekarar 1969, kasashen Afirka biyar ne: Upper Volta (Burkina Faso), Kamaru, Ivory Coast, Nijar da Senegal suka wakilci kasar, da kuma Faransa da Netherlands. An nuna fina-finai guda 23. A bugu na biyu na gasar, kasashen Afrika da suka halarci taron sun haura zuwa tara, ciki har da Algeria, Tunisia, Guinea, Mali, da Ghana a karon farko, kuma an nuna fina-finai 40 gaba daya. A cikin 1983, bikin ya haɗa da MICA ( *le Marche International du Cinema et de la television Africaine* ), kasuwa don kasuwancin fina-finai na Afirka da kuma hotunan bidiyo.

Daga 1985 zuwa gaba, bikin ya ɗauki jigogi daban-daban don taron shekara-shekara, wanda ya fara da "cinema, mutane, da 'yanci".  Taken bikin na 2007 shi ne "Jarumin kirkire-kirkire da tallata fina-finan Afirka". 

Yayin da bikin ya yi fice, kasafin kudinsa da masu daukar nauyinsa ya karu; Kasashen da ke ba da taimako sun hada da Burkina Faso, Denmark, Finland, Faransa, Jamus, Netherlands, Sweden, Jamhuriyar China. Ƙungiyoyi masu ba da gudummawa sun haɗa da AIF (ACCT), PNUD, UNESCO,  UNICEF, Tarayyar Turai da Afirka . Sakamakon karramawar da ta samu a duniya, FESPACO ta baiwa masu shirya fina-finan Afirka damar nuna hazakarsu da kuma sayar da kayayyakinsu a kasuwannin duniya, tare da inganta samar da masana'antu da fasaha na Afirka a masana'antar.  

Wakilai janar na FESPACO tun 1972 sune Louis Tombiano, daga 1972 zuwa 1982; Alimata Salembere, daga 1982 zuwa 1984; Filippe Savadogo, daga 1984 zuwa 1996, Baba Hama, daga 1996 zuwa 2008, Michel Ouedraogo, daga 2008 zuwa 2014, Ardiouma Soma, daga 2014 zuwa 2020, da Alex Moussa Sawadogo,  daga 2020 har zuwa yau.

## Babban manufofin

* Kasuwar fina-finai da talabijin ta Afirka ta duniya: FESPACO biki ne da ke tallata masu shirya fina-finai na Afirka tare da sauƙaƙe nuna fina-finai na Afirka duka. Wannan biki na musamman a Afirka yana ba da damar tuntuɓar juna da musayar ra'ayi tsakanin ƙwararrun masana fina-finai da na sauti na Afirka kuma yana ba da gudummawa ga faɗaɗawa da haɓaka fina-finai na Afirka a matsayin hanyar faɗakarwa, ilimantarwa da wayar da kan jama'a. 
* Haɓaka fina-finai da al'adun Afirka: Ana haɓaka fina-finan Afirka ta hanyar buga kasida, labarai na FESPACO, wasiƙar FESPACO, da kula da ɗakin karatu na fina-finai na Afirka, wanda ke da tarihin fina-finai da bankin bayanai. Bugu da kari, yana goyan bayan silima mai tafiya. Kamar yadda bikin ke ba da damar fina-finai na Afirka kawai a cikin gasa, yana tallafawa haɓaka ingancin fina-finan Afirka da masu shirya fina-finai. 
* Tattaunawar da ba ta riba ba a yankunan karkara: FESPACO tana kuma inganta ayyukan tantance marasa riba a yankunan karkara, tare da hadin gwiwar kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu ko kungiyoyi a makarantu da sauran cibiyoyin gwamnati ko masu zaman kansu. 
* Bunƙasa fina-finan Afirka a sauran bukukuwan duniya: FESPACO tana shirya shirye-shiryen fina-finai daban-daban, kamar satin fina-finai da na farko na fina-finai. Har ila yau, yana haɓaka fina-finan Afirka a sauran bukukuwan duniya. 
* MINIFESPACO: haɓaka FESPACO a cikin al'amuran ƙasa. FESPACO ta shirya MINIFESPACO, wanda aka gudanar a Ouahigouya (Burkina Faso) daga 5 zuwa 8 Yuni 2013, a Institut Olvido, don ƙaddamar da masu sauraron fina-finai na Afirka. 

## Kyauta
Mafi kyawun lambar yabo na bikin shine *"Étalon d'or de Yennenga"* ( *Golden Stallion na Yennenga* ko gajeriyar *Golden Stallion*  ), mai suna bayan fitaccen wanda ya kafa daular Mossi .  An bayar da kyautar *"Étalon d'or de Yennenga"* ga fim ɗin Afirka wanda ya fi nuna "hakikanin Afirka".

Sauran lambobin yabo na musamman sun hada da lambar yabo ta Oumarou Ganda, da aka bayar don mafi kyawun fim na farko, da Paul Robeson Prize don mafi kyawun fim na daraktan ƴan Afirka . (An ambaci sunan na ƙarshe don babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na ƙarni na 20 na Amurka, mawaƙa kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin jama'a a Amurka.)

## Duba kuma
 

* Bikin fina-finai a Afirka
* Cinema na Afirka
* Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka
* Jerin bukukuwan talabijin

## Nassoshi

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Shafin Fespaco na hukuma
* Labaran Fespaco 2009 a shafin RFI Hausa 
* Fespaco a Intanet Database Movie
* Tarin FESPACO a Jami'ar Indiana Bloomington Black Film Center/Taskar
* Labaran BBC na FESPACO 2007 (tare da hira da sauti)
* Rahoton BBC na 2005 FESPACO
* Gidan da ba a yi tsammani ba na Oscars na Afirka ta Katrina Manson, *GlobalPost*, Maris 12, 2009.