Tsarin kimanta barazanar MOSAIC

**Tsarin kimanta barazanar MOSAIC (MOSAIC) ** wata hanya ce da Gavin de Becker da Associates suka kirkira don tantancewa da kuma nuna barazanar barazanar da kuma sadarwa mara kyau.

Walt Risler na Jami'ar Indiana ya taimaka a farkon ci gaban hanyar, kuma Robert Martin, wanda ya kafa kwamandan Sashen Gudanar da Bala'i na Sashin 'yan sanda na Los Angeles ya taka rawar gani a ci gaba da haɓaka daga baya.  (Martin yanzu yana jagorantar ƙungiyar kimanta barazanar MOSAIC a Gavin de Becker & Associates.) 

An haɓaka tsarin MOSAIC na farko kafin 1992. Hanyar MOSAIC mai taimakawa kwamfuta yanzu 'Yan sanda na Kotun Koli suna amfani da ita don tantance barazanar da aka yi wa Alkalai, ta 'yan sanda Capitol na Amurka don barazanar membobin Majalisa, ta hukumomin' yan sanda da ke kare gwamnonin jihohi goma sha ɗaya, da manyan kamfanoni da yawa, da kuma sama da jami'o'i ashirin.

Akwai tsarin MOSAIC daban-daban don yanayi daban-daban, gami da:

* Barazanar da tsoro a wurin aiki
* Barazanar da dalibai suka yi
* Barazanar da aka yi wa alƙalai da sauran jami'an shari'a
* Barazanar da aka yi wa jama'a da jami'an gwamnati
* Yanayin cin zarafin gida

Hanyar MOSAIC tana gabatar da jerin tambayoyi ga masu amfani, tare da amsoshi masu yawa. Ga kowane yanki na bincike, tsarin yana ba da maɓallin "Premise of the Question" - samar da bincike nan da nan akan allo game da dalilin da ya sa wannan yanki na bincike ya kasance wani ɓangare na tsarin kimantawa. MOSAIC yana lissafin darajar amsoshin da mai tantancewa ya zaɓa, kuma yana bayyana sakamakon a kan sikelin 1 zuwa 10. Ba kamar yawancin kayan aikin kimantawa ba, da yawa daga cikinsu jerin takarda ne, MOSAIC ta atomatik yana samar da cikakken rahoton rubuce-rubuce, yana kwatanta abubuwan da aka yi la'akari da su da zaɓin da mai amfani ya yi.

Abubuwan da MOSAIC ke kan layi sun haɗa da ɗakin karatu na bincike, wallafe-wallafe, da bidiyon horo waɗanda masu amfani zasu iya samun dama yayin kimantawa.

## Nau'o'in MOSAIC

### MOSAIC - jama'a (MAPP)
MOSAIC don tantance bin da ba a so na jama'a (MAPP) ana amfani da shi ta hukumomin kare zaɓaɓɓu da waɗanda aka nada, hukumomin tsaro na ƙasa, da kuma manyan jama'a.

Lieutenant Tom Taylor, shugaban kasa na hudu na Kungiyar Tsaro ta Gwamna ta Kasa, ya rubuta wa Cibiyar Fasaha da Gudanarwa ta 'Yan Sanda:

### MOSAIC - jami'an shari'a (MAJ)
A tsakiyar shekarun 1990, Ted Calhoun na Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka ya gudanar da aikin bincike game da barazanar da hare-hare kan alƙalai na tarayya. Ya yi nazari kuma ya bincika fiye da shari'o'i 3,000 na barazanar da aka yi wa alƙalai da masu gabatar da kara na Tarayya. Calhoun ya ji cewa waɗannan barazanar - galibi mutanen da kotun ta shafi rayuwarsu kai tsaye - sun bambanta da barazanar ga wasu jama'a, waɗanda masu barazanar ba su da wata hulɗa ta ainihi.

Ofishin marshals ya zaɓi hanyar MOSAIC don amfani da binciken Calhoun, kuma an ba Gavin de Becker & Associates umurni don haɓaka sabon tsarin: MOSAIC for Assessment of Threats to Alkalai (MAJ).

Littafin Hunters and Howlers: Threats & Violence Against Federal Judicial Officials ya bayyana hanyar da ta samo asali cikin wannan MOSAIC:

Bambancin MAJ yanzu ana amfani da shi ta hanyar wakilai na Sheriff, bailiffs, da sauransu waɗanda aka ba su aikin kare alƙalai da sauran jami'an shari'a.

### MOSAIC - tashin hankali na cikin gida (DV-MOSAIC)
DV - MOSAIC yana kimanta yanayin da ya shafi tashin hankali na gida. Ya zuwa Afrilu 2010, DV - MOSAIC yana samuwa ba tare da tsada ba ga jama'a a www.mosaicmethod.com.

Wani binciken da Ma'aikatar Shari'a ta Amurka ta tallafawa kuma aka buga ta Hukumar Kula da Shari'a na Kasa ta gano cewa idan aka kwatanta da takamaiman kayan aiki guda biyu, Kayan Bincike na Cikin Gida (DSVI) da Kayan Bishara na Kingston don Rikicin Cikin Gida, DV - MOSAIC "ya yi kyau a hasashen tsinkayawar da ke biyowa ko barazanar da aka samu a baya". Nazarin ya kuma ya ba da rahoton cewa MOSAIC mafi girma a kan "mai hankali, daidai rarraba mata da sake fashewa da aka kamawa da daidaitowar masu kamawa na irin wannan nau'ikan mutane masu mahimmanci na irin wannan sakamako na masu haɗari; masu haɗari sun kasance masu haɗari masu haɗari na masu haɗarin da yawa na masu haɗar da yawa; masu haɗarin haɗari masu dacewa da yawa; mafi yawan abubuwan da suka dace da suka dacewarwarwarwar juna sun kasance masu kamawa; masu haɗar su masu haɗari daban-[1]￼

Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison ce ta wallafa binciken,  The Journal of Interpersonal Violence,  Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Majalisar Dinkinobho don Daidaitaccen Jima'i,  da kuma Violence Against Women Network. 

## Manazarta