Maryamu Bamber

**Mary Hardie Bamber** ( *wacce aka haifa a ƙarƙashin sunan* **Little** ; 18 Janairu 1874 &#x2013; 4 Yuni 1938), wacce aka fi sani da **Ma Bamber**, 'yar gurguzu ce ta Scotland, mai ra'ayin ƙungiyoyin kwadago, ma'aikacin zamantakewa, kuma mai ra'ayin ƙa'ida . 'Yarta Bessie Braddock fitacciyar ' yar majalisar Labour ce (MP).

Bamber ta kasance mai himma a Liverpool da kuma ƙasa baki ɗaya tsawon shekaru hamsin, tana nan a muhimman lokutan tarihin ma'aikata a Merseyside, a sahun gaba a cikin takaddama da dama. A matsayinta na kansila ta Labour kuma Justice of the Peace, ta haɓaka yaɗa shawarwarin hana ɗaukar ciki a matsayin wata hanya ta ƙarfafa mata gwiwa.

Rayuwar Bamber a farkon rayuwarta ta bambanta da ta talakawan Liverpool da ta zauna a cikinsu a ƙarshe. Duk da haka, lokacin da take yarinya, mahaifinta lauya, Andrew Little, ya sha giya kuma wata rana ya fita daga gidan ba tare da sake ganinta ba. Rayuwar mahaifiyarta Agnes Glanders Little (née Thomson) har zuwa lokacin ba ta kasance shiri mai kyau ba don wahalar zama uwa ɗaya tare da 'ya'ya shida da suka rage don kula da su. Ta yi aiki tuƙuru a fannin kula da iyalinta, tana kusantar talauci, kuma lokacin da ɗanta na fari ya sami aiki da injin buga littattafai a Liverpool, iyalin suka zo tare da shi. Liverpool da suka zo, kamar yadda suke da yawa saboda aiki na yau da kullun da rashin samun kuɗi, sun kasance cikin talauci, rashin lafiya, rashin gidaje masu kyau da kuma rayuwa ta hannu da baki.

A lokacin hunturu na 1906–07, tana kan hanyar mata suna yin miya don sayarwa a wani kwano daga ayarin Clarion da aka ajiye a kusa da zauren St George da ke kan titin Lime . Ta ziyarci marasa lafiya, ta tattara su don marasa aikin yi kuma ta buɗe wa masu ra'ayin gurguzu masu tafiya gida. Ta kan yi magana a tarurrukan waje, sau da yawa a wurin tunawa da Wellington ko kuma a kan tituna. Sylvia Pankhurst ta bayyana ta a matsayin "mafi kyawun mai magana da yawun dandamali a ƙasar". A cikin birni wanda ke fama da rarrabuwar kawuna, ta ƙi amincewa da duk wani addini kuma ta kasance mai yawan suka a tarurrukan siyasa na Katolika da Furotesta . Duk da haka, ta hanyar aikinta na mai shirya ƙungiyar ƙwadago ne Bamber ya fi bayyana. A cikin shekarun da suka gabaci Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, ta yi aiki ba tare da gajiyawa ba a matsayin jami'a a Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Warehouse. Ta yi tafiya a tsawon titin tashar jiragen ruwa, ta shirya mata daga Johnson's Cleaners da Dye Works a ƙarshen Arewa zuwa Bobbin Works na Wilson a Kudu. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

Bamber yakan tashi kafin wayewar gari don kama mata masu jaka - waɗanda ke yin da kuma gyara miliyoyin jakunkunan da ake amfani da su don ɗaukar kayayyakin da ke ratsa tashar jiragen ruwa - yayin da suke tafiya zuwa aiki. Kamar aikin ƙera igiya, wanda kuma ya jawo hankalin Bamber, wannan aiki ne mai nauyi, ƙazanta, kuma mara albashi wanda galibi mafi yawan waɗanda ke cikin mawuyacin hali ne kawai ke yi kamar mata masu kula da waɗanda ke ƙarƙashinsu, matan aure, ko tsofaffi mata marasa aure. Bamber ya ba da lokaci mai yawa - sau da yawa ba tare da wani amfani ba dangane da ɗaukar ma'aikata - don yin magana da waɗannan mata, yana danna takardu a kansu da kuma shawo kansu su zo tarurruka. Bamber ya yi magana a tarurruka da Jam'iyyar Labour Mai Zaman Kanta ta Liverpool da kuma mai shirya Ƙungiyar Jama'a da Siyasa ta Mata, Alice Morrissey, inda ta jawo hankalin jama'a. [1]

Duk da cewa aikinta na mai shirya ƙungiyar ƙwadago ya kasance babban abin da ya shafi siyasar Bamber, amma ya haɗa da wasu ayyuka. Ta kasance a wurin zanga-zangar 'Ranar Jinin Jini' a lokacin yajin aikin sufuri na gaba ɗaya na Liverpool na 1911. A shekarar 1919, ta tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Labour a yankin da Furotesta ke da ƙarfi a yankin Everton. Ta yi kamfen kan batutuwan yau da kullun kamar madara, ilimi da wankin gida na birni, ta yi nasara da ƙaramin rinjaye. A wannan shekarar, ta zama memba ta kafa Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta gida kuma a shekarar 1920 ta halarci Babban Taro na Biyu na Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Uku a Moscow. Ta kasance memba ta kwamitin gida a Kwamitin Ma'aikata marasa aikin yi na Ƙasa kuma, a watan Satumba na 1921, tana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda aka kama a lokacin da aka mamaye Gidan Tarihi na Walker Art Gallery . Ba ta nemi wa'adi na biyu a matsayin kansilar birni ba kuma a shekarar 1924 ta bar Jam'iyyar Kwaminis, tana mai cewa hakan ya tsoma baki a aikinta na mai shiryawa. Ta kasance a duk manyan zanga-zangar da aka gudanar a shekarun 1920 zuwa cikin shekarun 30. Ta yi magana a taronta na ƙarshe makonni biyu kacal kafin rasuwarta tana da shekaru 64. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

## Manazarta