Émilienne Moreau-Evrard

**Émilienne Moreau-Evrard** (Faransa pronunciation: [emiljɛn mɔʁo evʁaʁ]; 4 Yuni 1898 - 5 Janairu 1971) jarumi ce ta Faransa ta Yaƙin Duniya na II, babban memba na cibiyar sadarwa ta "Brutus" Resistance a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya ya Biyu kuma daga baya, memba na Majalisar Ba da Shawara ta wucin gadi . Bugu da ƙari, tana ɗaya daga cikin mata shida kawai da suka karɓi Ordre de la Libération .

## Rayuwa
An haifi Émilienne Moreau a ranar 4 ga Yuni 1898 a Wingles, a cikin sashen Pas-de-Calais .

Ba da daɗewa ba kafin Jamusawa suka mamaye Faransa a watan Agustan shekara ta 1914, mahaifinta Henri, mai kula da hakar kwal da ya yi ritaya kwanan nan, ya buɗe kantin sayar da kayan masarufi a Loos, kusa da Lens. Émilienne, a lokacin tana da shekaru 16, tana karatu don takardar shaidar malaminta.

## Yaƙin Duniya na I
Émilienne Moreau ta ga mamayar Jamus da kuma karbar Loos. Faransanci sun yi ƙoƙari su dawo da garin amma sun daina a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1914. Bayan da Jamusawa suka kama mahaifinta saboda keta dokar hana fita, Émilienne ta sami nasarar sake shi, amma ya mutu a watan Disamba.

A watan Fabrairun 1915, ta kirkiro wata makaranta ta wucin gadi ga yara a cikin gidan da aka watsar.

A ranar 25 ga Satumba 1915, sojojin Scotland na Black Watch sun kai hari kauyenta. Émilienne, mai shekaru 17 kawai, ta sadu da su don ba sojoji ainihin wurin matsayin Jamusawa' a cikin wani karamin sansani mai ƙarfi. Godiya ga wannan bayanin sojojin Scotland sun sami damar kauce wa sansanin, wanda ya rage tasirin Jamus a wannan yanki na fagen fama kuma ya haifar da 'yan rauni kawai. Bugu da ƙari ga wannan harin, Émilienne ta shirya wani asibiti na farko a gidanta, tare da taimakon likitan Scotland, don kula da wadanda suka ji rauni.

Yayin da Jamusawa suka yi ƙoƙari su sake karɓar ƙauyen, Émilienne ta ceci wani sojan Birtaniya wanda ke cikin wuta. Tare da taimakon wasu sojojin Burtaniya da suka ji rauni, ta jefa grenades a cikin ɗaki na gidan makwabta kuma ta kashe sojojin Jamus da ke ɓoye a can. Daga baya ta kuma harbe sojoji biyu na Jamus. Daga bisani ƙauyen ya kasance ƙarƙashin ikon Allies.

Sojojin Burtaniya sun kuma amince da ita, wadanda suka ba ta lambar yabo ta Soja, Royal Red Cross (aji na farko), da kuma Venerable Order of Saint John . An ba da umarnin Saint John ne kawai ga mace.

An gayyaci Émilienne da kansa don saduwa da Shugaban Jamhuriyar Faransa Raymond Poincaré, da kuma Sarkin Ingila, Sarki George V.

Jaridar Faransa Le Petit Parisien ta rubuta game da ayyukanta dalla-dalla, wanda ya sanya ta jarumi na kasa. Sojoji da manema labarai sun yi amfani da hotonta, tare da bayanin da ke kwatanta ta da Joan na Arc don inganta halin fararen hula da sojoji.

Wani fim din da aka yi a Ostiraliya mai suna The Joan of Arc of Loos (1916) ya kuma ba da labarin nasarorin da ta samu, amma ya sami zargi da yawa game da amfani da irin wannan sunan mai daraja.

Bayan ta kammala karatu, ta kawo karshen yakin tare da matsayin koyarwa a makarantar yara maza a Paris.

Bayan yakin ya ƙare, ta koma Pas-de-Calais a arewacin Faransa, inda ta auri mai fafutukar gurguzu Just Evrard a 1932. A shekara ta 1934 an nada ta a matsayin Babban Sakatare na Ƙungiyar Socialist ta Mata, a Pas-de-Calais .

## Yaƙin Duniya na II
Lokacin da aka ayyana yakin duniya na biyu, Émilienne tana zaune tare da mijinta, Just Evrard, da 'ya'yansu biyu, Raoul da Roger, a cikin garin Faransa na Lens. Sun tsere daga yankin yaƙi, kamar yadda wasu da yawa suka yi a arewacin Faransa, amma bayan Armistice na Faransa ita da iyalinta suka koma Lens.&nbsp;

Émilienne, wacce ta shahara saboda tsoffin ayyukan soja a lokacin yakin duniya na farko, an sanya ta a tsare a gida a Lillers. Duk da haka, an ba ta izinin komawa gida zuwa Lens, inda ta fara rarraba littattafan farfaganda game da Marshal Philippe Pétain da capitulation dinsa. Ta kuma tuntubi Hukumar leken asiri ta Burtaniya, ta ba su mahimman bayanai. A ƙarshen 1940, Emillienne da mijinta sun kirkiro wani sashi na sirri a cikin jam'iyyar gurguzu a Lens.&nbsp;

Émilienne Moreau an san ta a cikin juriya ta Faransa a ƙarƙashin sunaye biyu: "Jeanne Poirier" da "Émilienne la Blonde". Ta kasance mai kula da haɗa "Brutus" a Switzerland tare da *Kwamitin Ayyukan Socialist* na Faransa, wanda aka sani da CAS (a Turanci: Kwamitin Ayyuka na Socialist), haɗa wannan tare da takamaiman manufofi a Paris.

Daga nan sai ta shiga ƙungiyar adawa ta Faransa mai suna "France au Combat" (a Turanci: "The Fighting France"), wanda André Boyer ya kafa a 1943. Yayinda take can ta yi aiki tare da wasu sanannun 'yan adawa, kamar su Augustine Laurent, André Le Troquer, da Pierre Lambert .

A watan Maris na shekara ta 1944, a Lyon, an kusan kama ta bayan shari'ar "85 de l'Avenue de Saxe". A lokacin wannan lamarin, Gestapo ta kama abokanta goma sha bakwai a cikin cibiyar adawa. Watanni biyu bayan haka, yayin da take Lyon, ta sake tserewa daga jerin hare-haren da Gestapo ta gudanar. A daya daga cikin wadannan hare-haren, Sojojin Nazi sun jira ta kusa da gidanta, kuma bayan sun gan ta harbe ta a kan hanyarta, amma ta rasa. Ta tsere da sauri ta hanyar amfani da ginshiki a unguwar.

## Manazarta