Sauyi yanayin Xiangtan

**Xiangtan** (Sinanci) birni ne mai matakin prefecture a gabashin tsakiyar lardin Hunan, kudu maso tsakiyar ƙasar Sin . Gidajen shugabannin da suka kafa Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta ƙasar Sin, ciki har da Shugaba Mao Zedong, Shugaba Liu Shaoqi, da Marshal Peng Dehuai,  cikin gwamnatin Xiangtan, da kuma gidajen Daular Qing da kuma mai zane-zane na zamanin jamhuriya Qi Baishi, masanin kimiyya Zeng Guofan, da kuma dan wasan tennis Peng Shuai.

Xiangtan ya zama wani ɓangare na Changzhutan" Babban Yankin Changsha tare da Changsha a matsayin babban birni tare da Zhuzhou, wanda aka fi sani da Changzhutan City Cluster, ɗaya daga cikin manyan biranen Tsakiyar China.

Xiangtan na ɗaya daga cikin manyan birane 200 a duniya ta hanyar binciken kimiyya, kamar yadda aka gano ta hanyar Nature Index .  Gida ce ga Jami'ar Xiangtan, jami'ar gine-gine ta aji na farko, da manyan jami'o'i biyu na lardin Hunan Institute of Engineering da Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Hunan,  da kuma Yankin ci gaban masana'antu na fasaha.

## Yanayin ƙasa
Xiangtan tana kan ƙananan Kogin Xiang.

## Magana
Sunan "Xiangtan" ya samo asali ne daga labarin kasa na gida, amma bayanin asalinsa ya bambanta da ɗan bayani.  Ko ta yaya, "Xiang" (湘) yana nufin kogin Xiang, yayin da "Tan" (潭) kalmar Sinanci ce da ke nufin "tafki mai zurfi", musamman wanda aka samar ta hanyar motsi ko ruwa;  "Tan" a cikin koguna gabaɗaya sune wuraren da eddies na yanzu.  Ɗaya daga cikin dalili shi ne, an gina birnin ne da wani katon eddy a wani lanƙwasa na kogin Xiang, don haka ake kiransa "Xiang-Tan".  Wani labari mai yuwuwa ya ce sunan ya samo asali ne daga Xiangzhou Eddy, a yau ana kiransa Zhao Eddy (昭潭).  Zhao Eddy wani tsohuwar guguwa ce da ke cikin wani yanki mai zurfi na kogin Xiang kusa da kan iyakar gargajiya tsakanin Xiangtan da Changsha, kuma ana kiranta da Sarkin Zhao na Zhou, wanda aka ce ya mutu a can.

## Tarihi

### Daular Pre-Ming
Abubuwan tarihi daga Al'adun Daxi sun nuna cewa mutane sun zauna a yankin Xiangtan a cikin karni na 3 BC. An gano kayan tagulla na Daular Shang a yankin, da kuma kaburbura daga Lokacin Yaki. A lokacin Masarauta Uku, masarautar Gabashin Wu ta gina birni a yammacin Birnin Xiangtan na zamani kuma ta shirya Kwamandan Hengyang () a kusa da shi. A cikin 749, Daular Tang ta shirya yankin a matsayin Xiangtan County, wanda ke tsakiyar Kogin Yisu na zamani (). A lokacin daular Northern Song, kyakkyawar damar Xiangtan zuwa hanyoyin cinikayya na ƙasa da ruwa sun kafa shi a matsayin babban cibiyar kasuwanci ta yankin.

### Daular Ming da Qing
Xiangtan ya bunƙasa a duk Daular Ming da Daular Qing a kan tushen tattalin arziki na kasuwanci a cikin shinkafa da sinadaran gargajiya na kasar Sin, kuma wani lokacin ana kiransa "Little Nanjing" ko "Golden Xiangtan". Kafin Yankin Opium na Biyu, Xiangtan ya kasance cibiyar canja wurin kaya da fitar da kayayyaki zuwa da kuma daga tashar jiragen ruwa a Canton, Shanghai, da Wuhan, da ke da goyon bayan kimanin mazauna 200,000.

## Yawan jama'a
Ya zuwa ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2010, Xiangtan tana da mazauna 2,748,552, waɗanda 1,877,919 daga cikinsu ke zaune a yankin da aka gina ( gundumomin birane 2 da lardin Xiangtan).  Tare da gundumomi huɗu na biranen Zhuzhou da ke maƙwabtaka, yankin da aka gina shi yana da mazauna 2,933,069.  A shekara ta 2007, an ba da sunan birnin a matsayin manyan birane goma na kasar Sin, bisa ga rahoton darajar darajar biranen kasar Sin, wanda aka fitar a gun taron kolin birnin Beijing na shekarar 2007.. 

## Sauyin Yanayin ƙasa

Xiangtan yana da yanayi mai zafi tare da dogon lokaci, lokacin zafi, da sanyi zuwa sanyi, girgije, hunturu mai laushi tare da dusar ƙanƙara ta lokaci-lokaci. A cikin yankin gudanarwa, matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara shine  ° C (63.3 ° F), tare da watan da ya fi sanyi shine Janairu, wanda ke da matsakaicin  ° C (41.2 ° F), kuma mafi zafi Yuli, a  ° C (84.4 ° F).

## Rarrabawar gudanarwa
The city of Xiangtan has direct jurisdiction over two districts (区; qū), two county-level cities (市; shì), and one county  (县; xiàn):

* Gundumar Yuetang
* Yankin Yuhu (Yankin雨湖) 
* Birnin Shaoshan
* Birnin Xiangxiang
* Gundumar Xiangtan

## Tattalin Arziki
A shekara ta 2006, GDP na Xiangtan ya kasance ¥42.2 biliyan (US $ 6.2 biliyan), ci gaban shekara-shekara na 13.2% daga shekarar da ta gabata. GDP na kowane mutum ya kasance ¥15,455 (US $ 2,265).

Xiangtan ya shahara wajen samar da irin magarya da miya.  Mutanen Xiangtan suna son tauna areca goro (槟榔; bīngláng), ko da yake yankin da kansa ba ya shuka su.  Yawancin 'ya'yan itatuwan 'ya'yan itacen goro daga Hainan kuma ana sarrafa su a gida.  Tarihin cin goro ya samo asali ne tun shekaru 400 da suka gabata, lokacin da mutane ke tauna shi don rigakafin kamuwa da cutar.  A zamanin yau, ya zama ruwan dare ganin mutane suna tauna goro a Hunan. A cikin 2003, kudaden shiga na tallace-tallace na masana'antar goro a Xiangtan ya kai ¥ 800 miliyan.

## Gwamnati
 
Sakataren kwamitin kwaminisanci na kasar Sin na Xiangtan na yanzu shine Cao Jiongfang kuma magajin gari na yanzu shine Zhang Yingchun . 

## Sufuri
Xiangtan yana da alaƙa da hanyoyi, kogi da dogo. Akwai sabis na bas ɗin da ke haɗi zuwa Filin jirgin saman Changsha Huanghua.

## Yawon shakatawa
Mutane da yawa suna ci gaba da ziyartar Shaoshan, Xiangtan don ziyartar wurin haihuwar Mao Zedong, tsohon Shugaban Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta kasar Sin kuma babban shugaban Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin daga 1949 zuwa 1976.

Wasu mutanen yankin suna son ziyartar zhaoshan, wani karamin dutse da ke kewaye da itatuwa a Xiangtan.

## Wasanni
An haifi ɗan wasan tennis mai suna Peng Shuai kuma an horar da shi a Xiangtan .  Filin wasa na Xiangtan ya kasance gidan Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Bayi ta kungiyar kwallon kafa ce ta kasar Sin Jia League (yanzu Super League ta kasar Sin) daga 2002 zuwa 2003.

## Kolejoji da jami'o'i
Xiangtan na ɗaya daga cikin manyan birane 200 a duniya ta hanyar binciken kimiyya, kamar yadda aka gano ta hanyar Nature Index .  Gida ce ga Jami'ar Xiangtan, jami'ar gine-gine ta aji na farko, da manyan jami'o'i biyu na lardin, Cibiyar Injiniya ta Hunan da Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Hunan. Wadannan sune jerin cibiyoyin da ke da shirye-shiryen bachelor na cikakken lokaci a Xiangtan:

* Jami'ar Xiangtan
* Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Hunan  Hunan University of Science and Technology (湖南科技大学)  Hunan Institute of Engineering (湖南工程学院)  Xiangtan Institute of Technology [zh] (湘潭理工学院)  Hunan Software Vocational and Technical University [zh] (湖南软件职业技术大学)

## Shahararrun mazauna yankin

* Mao Zedong
* Mao Yichang
* Mao Ning
* Peng Dehuai
* Qi Baishi
* Zeng Guofan
* James Soong
* Tang Hongbo
* Peng Shuai
* Ma Ho-ling
* Ying-jeou na

## Manazarta