Abhinandan Varthaman

**Abhinandan Varthaman** VrC (mai neman ranar 21 Yuni 1983) wanda shi ne jirgin sama na Indian Air Force mai shekara da suka kafa a daga cikin fayiloli fada a jirgin saman da ya fara bayyana a cikin tsahon fada mai tsawo bayan fayiloli fada na tsakiyar jirgin sama na Pakistan Air Force (PAF) a fayilolin tsahon fada a Jammu da Kashmir. An aika masa Vir Chakra a matsayin miji na rahoto na gabas da gwamnati ta Indiya.

Pakistan ta nuna bidiyo da hotojin da suka nuna Abhinandan Varthaman yana da dukiyoyin daga wurin jama'ar mai tsawo da su, yana samun taimakon farko, da kuma tambayoyin da aka yi masa yayin da ya yankan wasu, amma yana yankin. Abhinandan cikin da muke cewa Pakistan ta ce ta amincewar jama'a, ya rike Indiya a ranar 1 Maris 2019.

## Sana'a da rayuwar sirri
Abhinandan Varthaman ya rasu a ranar 21 ga watan Yuni 1983 a jami'an Tamil Jain. Gida ta Varthaman na daga Thirupanamoor, wuri ne da ke kusa da  daga Kanchipuram. Babansa, Simhakutty Varthaman, ya kasance ne Air Marshal (IAF), matarsa Tanvi Marwaha ta kasance kuma wani Squadron Leader (IAF) da ta tattara maka.

Varthaman ya ci gaba da karatu a Sainik School, Amaravathinagar. Ya kammala Daga National Defence Academy da aka karanta shi don ya fito da karatu a cikin tallafawa matakai (farare da ya kasance da flying officer) a ranar 19 ga watan Yuni 2004. Ya kammala tallafin a cikin garuruwan IAF a Bathinda da Halwara, ya samu tafsirawa ta flight lieutenant a ranar 19 ga watan Yuni 2006, kuma ya samu tafsirawa ta squadron leader a ranar 8 ga watan Yuli 2010. Varthaman ya kasance da jirgin sama mai na Su-30MKI kafin ya canza ga garin MiG-21 Bison. Ya samu karshen tallafi a kan wing commander a ranar 19 ga watan Yuni 2017 kuma ya canza mai tsawo a kan group captain a watan Nuwamba 2021.

Varthaman ya yi aure kuma yana rayuwa a Chennai. Shi da matarsa suna da yara biyu.
## Ayyukan 2019

A ranar 27 Fabrairu 2019, Varthaman ya yi matukar bincike da MiG-21 a matsayin jami'in sortie da aka yi dashi don samun airstrikes a Jammu da Kashmir ta Pakistan Air Force. Ya kasa magancewar harsashin da aka ba shi da shirin IAF da kuma ya bar gidan kasa na Pakistani a yankin da ta daga sama ta murnar yankin da ya shigar karon fada a cikin irin dogfite da aka fara, a matsayin cewa jiragen shi ya ajiye da misil. Varthaman ya buga shi da lantarki kuma ya dawo a cikin kauyen Horran a Azad Kashmir da kasa Pakistani, m daga baya  daga Line of Control.

Mutanen kauyen suka ce Varthaman zai iya bayyana cewa shi ne jami'in Indian da aka bayyana shi a cikin fenti na tufafin Indian a cikin parachute. Bayan da ya dawo, Varthaman ya tambaya mutane idan shi ne a India ko Pakistan, cewa abu na fasa, wanda yaro ya ja cewa "India". An kuma ce Varthaman ya yi nura "Bharat Mata ki Jay", wanda mutane suka tambaye shi da "Pakistan Zindabad". Bayan nan, ya fara zubar da kiran fata. Mutanen suka dauki da Varthaman kuma suka hantawa shi har ya duba da Pakistan Army.

A baya, Indian Ministry of External Affairs ya tabbatar da cewa jami'in Indian ya missing in action bayan da MiG-21 Bison fighter aircraft ya kama a matsayin iyakar da yankin tare da jiragen Pakistani jets. Kwararren da aka bayyana ta IAF ta ce a matsayin wanda ya daga kasa, Varthaman ya tattara PAF Lockheed Martin F-16. A wani yadda, a ranar 2 Maris 2019, karfe biyar da suka gabata bayan tattaunawa daga PAF da IAF, IAF ta nuna masu rukunin AIM-120 AMRAAM, da za a iya amfani da su kawai da PAF F-16. Shah Mehmood Qureshi, the Foreign Minister of Pakistan, said his government announced the release of the IAF Wing Commander out of a desire for peace and that there was no compulsion or pressure on Pakistan, as was implied by the Indian media. However, The New York Times reported that several outside countries including United States and China had been urging Pakistan to release the Indian pilot to de-escalate the crisis.

Later in October 2020, an opposition leader, Ayaz Sadiq had claimed in the National Assembly of Pakistan that Varthaman was released after Foreign Minister Shah Mahmood Qureshi told a meeting of Pakistan's top leaders that India would attack Pakistan if Varthaman weren't released. Ayaz Sadiq faced flak from the Pakistani government and the public for making such statements.

Varthaman crossed the India–Pakistan border at Wagah on 1 March 2019. At a rally, the Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi welcomed Varthaman's release, saying the nation was proud of him. A demeaning video of Varthaman was released by the PAF to the Pakistani media hours before his release. IAF later said it had been filmed while Varthaman was under duress.

## Awards and decorations

## Manazarta