Gender and International Aid in Afghanistan

**Gender and International Aid in Afghanistan: The Politics and Effects of Intervention** littafi ne na 2009 na Lina AbiRafeh .

Yana rubuce-rubuce kuma yana sukar kokarin yamma don kawo daidaito tsakanin mata a Afghanistan bayan mamayar Amurka a Afghanistan a shekara ta 2001. Ya lura da yadda mummunan bincike da rashin fahimtar al'adu ta ma'aikatan agaji na yamma sun kasance masu fa'ida ga burin daidaito tsakanin jinsi kuma gabaɗaya suna da matukar sukar kokarin su. Ya kammala ta hanyar raba ra'ayoyin matan Afghanistan: cewa ba su ga wani amfani na kayan aiki daga kokarin yamma ba.

Jender and International Aid in Afghanistan ya sami yabo daga masu sukar littattafai kuma an lura da shi saboda kuskuren da ya yi game da kokarin yamma.

## Fitarwa
Gender and International Aid in Afghanistan an samar da shi ne a cikin 2009 ta hanyar McFarland & Company kuma Lina AbiRafeh ce ta rubuta shi.

## Bayani game da shi
Jender and International Aid in Afghanistan ya rubuta kokarin daidaito tsakanin maza da mata da hukumomin agaji suka yi da kuma Amurka da sojojin NATO a Afghanistan bayan faduwar Taliban a shekara ta 2001 kuma sun soki yadda sojojin yamma suka ware rawar da mazajen Afghanistan ke takawa game da karfafa mata. 

Littafin ya fara ne ta hanyar ba da tarihin batutuwan jinsi a Afghanistan, yana lura da muhimmancin dangantakar jinsi a siyasa, da kuma sukar ikon yamma don yin watsi da amincewa da wannan yayin da suke ci gaba da aikinsu.

Ya rubuta bambancin da ke tsakanin burin ci gaba da ke cikin Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya 1325 da Yarjejeniyar kan kawar da dukkan nau'ikan tashin hankali a kan mata da kuma aiwatar da aikin daidaito tsakanin jinsi a Afghanistan. Misalan da aka bayar sun haɗa da yarjejeniyar dimokuradiyya ta tsarin mulki da Amurka, NATO da Northern Alliance suka yi, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin "ci gaba" don haɗa nassoshi ga Mataki na Bakwai na Sanarwar Duniya kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Yarjejeniyar kan kawar da dukkan nau'ikan tashin hankali a kan mata, wanda ya bambanta da ayyukan cibiyoyin da aka ba da umarni su tilasta musu, kamar rundunar 'yan sanda ta Afghanistan. Ya rubuta yadda yunkurin yamma don tilasta mafita ta fasaha ga matsalolin zamantakewa na rashin daidaito tsakanin jinsi ya kasa kuma ya toshe canjin zamantakewa na gida.

Babban jigo a cikin littafin shine yadda gwamnatocin yammaci ba su da shawara game da aikin jinsi don yin aiki tare da mata kawai.

Fatima Mohammadi na Chemonics ya nakalto shafi na 27 a cikin takarda ta 2017 da aka buga a cikin Asia Pacific Journal of Advanced Business and Social Studies: "An haɗa jinsi da mata, kuma an tsara harshen shirye-shiryen taimako game da manufofin mata, ba tare da fahimtar jinsi ba.”

Littafin ya nuna cewa labaran da suka yi watsi da hukumar mata a Afghanistan gwamnatocin Yammacin Turai ne ke tura su don tabbatar da shigarsu ta soja. Ya bayyana halin da kafofin watsa labarai na yamma ke yi na amfani da hotuna na mata "masu ƙasƙantar da su" da ke sanye da burqas don haɓaka labaran burin "yanci" da "ƙarfi", kuma yana sukar tsoma baki na yamma don kawo babu. Littafin ya soki halin da sashen agaji ke da shi na nuna mata da yara a matsayin "masu rauni" don haka ya hana ikon su a matsayin suna da karin hukumomi, yana ƙarfafa zalunci.

Littafin ya kammala cewa matan Afghanistan sun fahimci cewa kokarin yamma ba su kawo wani gagarumin ci gaba a halin da suke ciki ba game da aiki, ilimi, motsi kyauta ko aminci. Littafin ya soki shirye-shiryen samar da kudin shiga saboda halin da suke da shi na samar da damar yin aiki ga mata waɗanda ke karfafa ayyukan gargajiya na jinsi.

## Karɓuwar mahimmanci
AbiRafeh da littafin an yaba su a cikin littafin Ben Walter Gendering Human Security in Afghanistan . 

Julie H. Smith ta bayyana littafin a cikin *Jaridar Zaman Lafiya, Rikicin & Ci gaba* a matsayin mummunan sukar yunkurin yamma don kawo daidaiton jinsi ga Afghanistan. Smith ya yaba da sukar marubucin "mai wartsakewa" game da shigar da ta kasance wani ɓangare na.

## Manazarta