Yanayin ƙasa na Trinidad da Tobago

Trinidad da Tobago jumhuriya ce ta tsibiri a kudancin Caribbean tsakanin Tekun Caribbean da Arewacin Tekun Atlantika, arewa maso gabashin Venezuela.  Su ne tsibiran kudu maso gabas na Ƙananan Antilles, Monos, Huevos, Gaspar Grande (ko Gasparee), Little Tobago, da St. Giles Island.  Trinidad yana da nisan kilomita 11 (6.8 mi) daga arewa maso gabashin gabar tekun Venezuela da kuma kilomita 130 (mi) kudu da Grenadines.  Tsibiri yana da fadin murabba'in kilomita 4,768 (sq mi) (wanda ya ƙunshi kashi 93.0% na jimillar ƙasar) mai matsakaicin tsayin kilomita 80 (mi 50) da matsakaicin faɗin kilomita 59 (miyi 37).  Tsibirin ya bayyana mai siffar rectangular [rectangular].  (7.5 mi) a mafi girman faɗinsa.  [ana ruwa hujja] [citation need] Tsibirin na da sifar sigari a fuskarsa, tare da daidaitawar arewa maso gabas – kudu maso yamma.

## Yanayin jiki
Trinidad ta ratsa tsaunuka uku daban-daban waɗanda ke ci gaba da tsaunukan bakin teku na Venezuela. Yankin Arewa, wani bangare na Dutsen Andes na Venezuela, ya ƙunshi tsaunuka masu tsawo waɗanda ke daidai da bakin teku. Wannan kewayon ya tashi zuwa tsaunuka biyu. Mafi girma, El Cerro del Aripo, yana da mita 940 (3,084  tsawo; ɗayan, El Tucuche, ya kai mita 936 (3,071 .  Tsakiyar Tsakiya ta shimfiɗa a fadin tsibirin kuma tana da ƙananan kewayon tare da wuraren da ke da santsi da ke tashi zuwa tuddai masu juyawa; matsakaicin tsawo shine mita 325 (1,066 .  Filin Caroni, wanda ya kunshi turɓaya, ya shimfiɗa zuwa kudu, yana raba Arewacin Range da Tsakiyar Tsakiya. Yankin Kudancin ya ƙunshi layin tsaunuka masu tsawo tare da matsakaicin tsawo na mita 305 (1,001 . 

Akwai koguna da rafi da yawa a tsibirin Trinidad;  mahimmanci shine Kogin Ortoire, mai tsawon kilomita 50, wanda ya kai gabas zuwa cikin Tekun Atlantika, da Kogin Caroni mai tsawon kilomita 40, wanda ya kai yamma zuwa Tekun Paria. Yawancin ƙasa na Trinidad suna da kyau, ban da yashi da ƙasa mara daidaituwa da aka samu a kudancin tsibirin.

Tobago tana da tsaunuka kuma Main Ridge ne ya mamaye ta, wanda ke da tsawon kilomita 29 (18  tare da tsawo har zuwa mita 550. Akwai kwari masu zurfi, masu kyau da ke gudana a arewa da kudu na Main Ridge .  Yankin kudu maso yammacin tsibirin yana da dandalin murjani. Kodayake Tobago asalin dutsen wuta ne, babu tsaunuka masu aiki. Gidajen daji sun rufe kashi 43% na tsibirin. Akwai koguna da rafi da yawa, amma ambaliyar ruwa da rushewa ba su da tsanani fiye da Trinidad. Yankin bakin teku yana da ƙuƙwalwa da yawa, rairayin bakin teku, da ƙananan filayen bakin teku.

Tobago has several small satellite islands. The largest of these, Little Tobago, is starfish-shaped, hilly, and .

Saboda ya kasance wani ɓangare na nahiyar Kudancin Amurka, Trinidad tana da nau'ikan ciyayi na wurare masu zafi da namun daji da suka fi bambanci fiye da na yawancin tsibirin Caribbean. Tobago tana da irin wannan amma ba ta da bambanci.

### Ilimin ƙasa
 
A fannin ilimin ƙasa, tsibirin ba sa cikin ɓangaren Lesser Antilles Volcanic Arc .  Maimakon haka, Trinidad ta kasance wani ɓangare na yankin Kudancin Amurka kuma tana kan tashar ta nahiyar, kuma Tobago wani ɓangare ne na sarkar tsibirin da ke da alaƙa da Pacific-derived Caribbean Plate. Tsibirin sun rabu da nahiyar Kudancin Amurka ta hanyar Gulf of Paria; Bocas del Dragón, mai faɗin kilomita 19 (11.8  -mai faɗin arewa; da kuma Macijin Bakin, mai faɗakarwa 14 (8.7  -m.

The Northern Range consists mainly of Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous metamorphic rocks. The Northern Lowlands (East–West Corridor and Caroni Plains) consist of younger shallow marine clastic sediments.&#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup> South of this, the Central Range fold and thrust belt consists of Cretaceous and Eocene sedimentary rocks, with Miocene formations along the southern and eastern flanks.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;**'&#x5D; The Naparima Plains and the Nariva Swamp form the southern shoulder of this uplift.

The Southern Lowlands consist of Miocene and Pliocene sands, clays, and gravels.&#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup> These overlie oil and natural gas deposits, especially north of the Los Bajos Fault.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;**'&#x5D; The Southern Range forms the third anticlinal uplift.&#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup> It consists of several chains of hills, most famous being the Trinity Hills.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;**'&#x5D; The rocks consist of sandstones, shales, siltstones and clays formed in the Miocene and uplifted in the Pleistocene.&#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup> Oil sands and mud volcanoes are especially common in this area.

== Yanayin siyasa ==

Trinidad is split into 14 regional corporations and municipalities, consisting of 9 regions and 5 municipalities, which have a limited level of autonomy.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;**'&#x5D; The various councils are made up of a mixture of elected and appointed members. Elections are due to be held every three years with the last elections held in 2019.&#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup> The island of Tobago is administered by the Tobago House of Assembly.

Ƙasar tana cikin wurare masu zafi, tana jin daɗin yanayin yanayin zafi na teku gabaɗaya wanda iskar kasuwanci ta arewa maso gabas ta yi tasiri.[1]  A Trinidad matsakaicin matsakaicin shekara-shekara shine 26 ° C (78.8 °F), kuma matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaicin zafin jiki shine 34 °C (93.2 °F).  Mafi girman zafin jiki da aka taɓa yi shine 37.8 digiri Celsius.  Mafi ƙanƙanta (mafi tsananin sanyi) da aka yi rikodin a Trinidad shine 16.1 °C (61.0 °F) a cikin Janairu 1964. [ana maganar hujja] [ana buƙace ta] Yanayin zafi yana da girma, musamman a lokacin damina, lokacin da ya kai 85 zuwa 87%.  Tsibirin na samun matsakaita na milimita 2,110 (83.1 in) na ruwan sama a kowace shekara, yawanci yana mai da hankali a cikin watannin Yuni zuwa Disamba, lokacin da takaitacciyar shawa mai ƙarfi ke faruwa akai-akai.  Hazo ya fi girma a Yankin Arewa, wanda zai iya samun kusan milimita 3,810 (150 in).] A lokacin rani, fari ya addabi tsakiyar tsibirin.[Yanayin Tobago yana kama da na Trinidad amma ya ɗan fi sanyi.] Damina tana ƙara daga Yuni zuwa Disamba;  ruwan sama na shekara-shekara shine milimita 2,500 (98.4 in)] Tsibirin suna kwance a wajen guguwar;[] duk da haka, guguwar Flora ta lalata Tobago a 1963. Guguwar ta kashe mutane 18 a Tobago kuma ta yi sanadin $30: miliyan a cikin amfanin gona da asarar dukiya (USD 1963).[3]  Tropical Storm Alma ya buge Trinidad a cikin 1974, ya haifar da lalacewa kafin ya kai ga cikakken ƙarfi.[1]  Guguwar iska ta kai 91 mph (147 km/h) a filin iskar gas na Savonette yayin guguwar.[4]


**Maritime claims:**
''contiguous zone:'' ''continental shelf:''  or to the outer edge of the continental margin''exclusive economic zone:'' ''territorial sea:'' 

**Yankin:** mafi yawan filayen da wasu tuddai da ƙananan duwatsu 

**Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa:**

Northernmost point: Marble Island, [[Tobago]]

Southernmost point: Icacos, Siparia region, [[Trinidad|Trinidad Island]]

Westernmost point: Icacos, Siparia region, [[Trinidad|Trinidad Island]]

Easternmost point: Easternmost tip of Little Tobago, [[Tobago]]

Highest point: El Cerro del Aripo, [[Trinidad]] 940 m

Albarkatun kasa: [[Danyen mai|man fetur]], iskar gas, asphalt 

**Amfani da ƙasa:*' ƙasa mai noma: 4.9% *amfanin gona na dindindin:* 4.3%

*makiyaya na dindindin:* 1.4%

*gandun daji:'' 44% wasu: 45.4% (2018 est.) 

Ƙasar da ake ban ruwa: 70 km2 (2012) &nbsp;

## Manazarta