Masallacin Jama, Bijapur

**Masallacin Jama**, wanda aka fi sani da **Jamiya Masjid** ko **Jumma Masjid**, masallaci ne na jama'a a Bijapur, a jihar Karnataka, Indiya. An fara shi ne ta hannun Ali Adil Shah na 1 na Sultanate na Bijapur a ƙarni na 16, kuma ba a taɓa kammala ginin masallacin ba. Shi ne masallaci mafi girma a Bijapur, kuma yana da masu ibada 4,000.

A shekarar 2014, UNESCO ta sanya ginin a cikin "jerin abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su" don zama Wurin Tarihi na Duniya, a ƙarƙashin sunan Monuments and Forts of the Deccan Sultanate .  

## Tarihi
Ali Adil Shah na ɗaya ne ya fara gina Masallacin Jama a shekarar 1576 AD . An ba da kuɗin aikin ne da kuɗin da aka sace daga Yaƙin Talikota, inda ƙawancen Sarauta na Deccan suka yi nasara a kan Daular Vijayanagara . Duk da cewa an gina mafi yawan masallacin a shekarar 1686, ginin bai taɓa kammalawa ba.   Duk da haka, ya zama babban masallacin Bijapur, inda ya maye gurbin wani tsohon masallacin jama'a da Ibrahim Adil Shah na ɗaya ya gina.  

Daga baya sarakuna sun yi wasu gyare-gyare ga masallacin. Wataƙila Muhammad Adil Shah ne ya yi ƙarin zane-zanen bango kusa da tsakiyar *[[mihrab]]* na masallacin.  Sarkin Mughal Aurangzeb ya ƙara ƙofar gabas ga masallacin, kuma ya yi gyare-gyare a kan bene na zauren sallah. 

## Gine-gine
Masallacin Jama shine babban masallaci a birnin Bijapur, wanda ke da masu ibada 4,000.  Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun misalan gine-ginen Adil Shahi . Bianca Alfieri ta yi tsokaci cewa masallacin yana jawo abubuwa daga gine-ginen Bahmanid na baya.  Bugu da ƙari, Richard Eaton ya lura cewa masallacin yana da alaƙa da tasirin Iran, kuma bai haɗa al'adun gida ba har zuwa gine-ginen Bijapuri na baya.  Tsarin da kuma ƙawata masallacin abu ne mai sauƙi; *[[ArchNet]]* ya bayyana hakan a matsayin sakamakon Shi'ar Ali Adil Shah, domin mabiya ƙungiyar galibi ba sa son ƙawata masallacin sosai a wuraren ibada.

Masallacin mai siffar murabba'i ya mamaye fadin , kuma an kewaye shi da bangon kewaye. Babban ƙofar shiga gidan shine ƙofar gabas. A cikin gidan akwai *filin* murabba'i mai tsawon  ) mai faɗin murabba'in murabba'i., wanda ke ɗauke da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da kuma wurin wanke-wanke . 

Babban zauren addu'a, yana da tsawon , kuma yana gefen yamma na ginin. An rufe shi da wani babban kumfa mai siffar hemisphere, wanda ke ɗauke da finial na wata mai siffar wata kuma an kewaye shi da wani balustrade a ƙasa.  Facade na zauren addu'a yana da ƙofofi bakwai masu baka, waɗanda aka ƙawata ta tsakiya kaɗai. 

An raba cikin zauren addu'ar zuwa wurare biyar, suna gudana a layi ɗaya da bangon *[[Alƙibila|kibla]]* na yamma. Cikin gidan yana mai da hankali kan layuka masu tsabta fiye da ƙawata da yawa; ƙaramin aikin siminti ne kawai ake gani. An raba bene zuwa akwatuna 2250 masu siffar murabba'i, kamar tabarmar addu'a, kodayake wannan ƙarin ne daga baya daga Aurangzeb.   

Yanayin cikin gidan gaba ɗaya mara ƙanƙanta da tsaurin ra'ayi yana katsewa ta hanyar manyan kayan ado na bango da ke kewaye da tsakiyar *mihrab*, a kan bangon *kibla* . An yi masa ado da launin shuɗi, baƙi da zinariya, *mihrab* ɗin yana da hotuna daban-daban, kuma an mamaye shi da zane-zanen Alƙur'ani . Wataƙila an ƙara kayan ado daga baya a ƙarƙashin Muhammad Adil Shah, wanda wasu rubuce-rubucen Farisa suka tabbatar da shi kusa da *mihrab.* Ba kamar Ali ba, Muhammad Adil Shah ɗan Sunni ne, kuma wannan na iya zama sanadin bambancin kyau tsakanin masallacin da *mihrab* ɗinsa.   Kayan adonsa na alfarma ya sa Michell da Zebrowski suka ɗauke shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyau a duniyar Musulunci; sun kwatanta shi da *mihrab* na Masallacin - Cathedral da ke Córdoba . 

### Siffofi marasa cikawa
Masallacin yana da kusurwa a gefen gabas, wanda ke nuna rashin cimma burin gina minarets guda biyu a wurin.  Bugu da ƙari, ba a samun merlons a cikin katangar gidajen tarihi da ke kewaye da farfajiyar ba. 

## Gidan Hotuna

Fayil:Mihrab_of_Jama_Masjid,_Vijayapur_-_1.jpg|alt=Close-up of the mihrab's spandrel| Kusa da spandrel na mihrab
Fayil:Mihrab_of_Jama_Masjid,_Vijayapur_-_2.jpg|alt=Another close=up of the spandrel| Wani kusa=saman spandrel ɗin
Fayil:Bijapur_-_Jumma_Masjid_Interior_2.jpg|alt=Mehrab, Jama Masjid Bijapur| Mihrab
Fayil:Bijapur_-_Jumma_Masjid.jpg|alt=Wide view of complete site| Faɗin cikakken shafin
Fayil:Jamma_masjid,_bijapur_03.jpg|alt=Arches, inside the mosque| Bakake, a cikin masallacin
Fayil:Arches_-2,_Jama_Masjid,_Bijapur,_Karnataka.jpg|alt=Arches| Ƙungiyoyin baka
Fayil:View_from_the_south-east_of_the_Jami_Masjid,_Bijapur..jpg|alt=View of the south-east of the mosque in 1880| Kallon kudu maso gabashin masallacin a shekarar 1880
Fayil:Jumma_Masjid_-_Quran.JPG|alt=Calligraphy in mihrab| Rubutun Kalmomi a Mihrab
Fayil:Bijapur_-_Jumma_Masjid_Dome.jpg|alt=Dome of the mosque| Kusurwar masallacin
Fayil:Bijapur_-_Jumma_Masjid_Interior.jpg|alt=Central dome from inside| Babban dome daga ciki


## Manazarta