Al-Haram, Jaffa

**Al-Haram** (*El Haram ’Aly Ibn ‘Aleim*, kuma *Sayyiduna Ali* ko *Sidna Ali* “wuri na ‘Ali [Ibn ʿAleim]”, Hebrew: אל-חרם, Larabci: الحرم), ƙauyen Larabawa ne na kasar falasdinu  a cikin yankin Jaffa, a cikin Falasɗinu ta tilas. Tana da nisan kilomita 16 daga arewacin Jaffa, kusa da kango na birnin Arsuf mai katanga na tsakiya, kuma an kiyasta girmansa ya kai tsakanin 9,653 zuwa 11,698 dunams wanda 5,150 aka lissafa a cikin rajistar cadastral. An rage yawan jama'a a lokacin yakin 1948.

## Tarihi

### Tsakiyar zamanai
Baibars sun kwace tsakiyar zamanai birnin Arsuf mai katanga na tsakiya daga masarautar Kudus a shekara ta 1265, bayan kwanaki 40 na kewaye. An kashe mazaunanta ko sayar da su kamar bayi kuma garin ya yi ta birgima. An bar shafin gaba daya kusan kusan karni; bisa ga masanin kimiyar kasa Abulfeda (rubutu a c. 1330), shafin bai ƙunshi mazaunan ba ("Tabula Syriæ", 82). Da alama an sake kafa ƙaramin ƙauye a ƙarni na 16 a kusa da Masallacin Sidna Ali. Mujir al-Din ne ya ambaci masallacin (rubutu c. 1496) kamar yadda aka sadaukar dashi a kabarin wani malamin addinin musulinci, *ʿAli Ibn ʿAleim* (d. 1081), kuma Sultan Baybars yayi addu'a a kabarin don cin nasara kafin ya dawo da Arsuf a 1265.

### Zamanin Ottoman
A cikin 1596, a zamanin Ottoman, kashi uku na kudaden shiga daga wani wuri da ake kira "Arsuf" ya tafi wakafi na *Ali Ibn 'Aleim*. Pierre Jacotin ya kira ƙauyen Ali Ebn harami akan taswirarsa daga 1799. A cikin 1880, an bayyana shi a cikin PEF's *Survey of Western Palestine*  a matsayin ƙauyen adobe mai matsakaicin girma a saman ƙasa, mai maɓuɓɓugan ruwa zuwa arewa, kuma a yamma masallaci ne. . An rubuta cikakken suna a matsayin *El Haram 'Aly Ibn 'Aleim*.

### Hukumomin Birtaniyya
A cikin kidayar jama'ar Palasdinu a shekara ta 1922 da hukumomin Birtaniyya suka gudanar, *Al-Haran* na da yawan jama'a 172, dukkan musulmi sun karu da kidayar 1931 zuwa 313, har yanzu dukkansu musulmi ne, a cikin gidaje 83.

A cikin shekarun 1920s, Kamfanin Raya Ƙasa na Falasɗinawa (PLDC) ya sayi wani yanki na ƙauyen a madadin Amurka Sihiyona Commonwealth daga dangin Omri na Beirut, don samun matsugunin Herzliya. Daga baya an yi amfani da sayayyar filayen ƙauyen da PLDC, Asusun Ƙasa na Yahudawa, Keren Hayesod da masu sayayya Yahudawa masu zaman kansu suka yi amfani da su wajen kafa Kfar Shmaryahu da Rishpon. A lokacin, a lokacin da Falasdinawan suka yi boren nuna adawa da umarnin Birtaniya, an gabatar da wasu mutanen kauyen Al-Haram guda biyu gaban madugun 'yan tawayen Aref Abd al-Razeq, tare da yin Allah wadai da sayar da filaye ga Yahudawan, kamar yadda takardu suka nuna. A cewar wasu shaidu, alakar da ke tsakanin mutanen kauyen Al-Haram da yahudawan Herzliya da Rishpon na sada zumunci ne. Mazauna garin Herzliya na farko sun ambaci Larabawa masu fataucin mutane a titunan garin. Wasu daga cikin mutanen kauyen sun yi aikin gine-gine. Tsoffin Larabawa mazauna al-Haram sun shaida cewa kafin yakin, wakilan garuruwan yahudawan sun ba su tabbacin cewa suna cikin koshin lafiya.

A cikin kididdigar 1945 ƙauyen yana da yawan jama'a 880, tare da mazaunan Yahudawa 360. Al-Haram tana da makarantar firamare ta yara maza da aka kafa a 1921, kuma a cikin 1945 tana da ɗalibai 68 da suka yi rajista. Kauyen kuma yana dauke da masallaci da kuma hubbaren al-Hasan bn Ali (wanda ya rasu a shekara ta 1081), wanda shi ne zuriyar halifan musulmi na biyu, Umar bn al-Khattab.

A cewar Morris, an kwashe mutanen kauyen ne a ranar 3 ga Fabrairun 1948 saboda tsoron harin Yahudawa, bayan harin Haganah ko Irgun a kauyukan da ke kusa.

### Yau
Alamar tsohon ƙauyen shine wurin bautar *Sidna Ali* da makabartar da ke kewaye da shi. Masu yawon bude ido na amfani da makabartar a matsayin wurin ajiye motoci. An ambaci kaburburan Musulmai da yawa a cikin littafin binciken kayan tarihi na 1998 zuwa yamma da kudu na tsarin.

Wurin ibada yana tsakanin bakin tekun Sidna Ali aka Nof Yam, da unguwar Reshef na Herzliya.

## Manazarta

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

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* (Al-Haram: pp.146-148 )