Helen L. Smits

**Helen L. Smits** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1937) ta kasance mai tasiri ga Manufofin kiwon lafiya kuma mai ba da shawara a Amurka, kuma ta ba da muryarta ga shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya da yawa a kasashen waje. Mafi mahimmanci, ta kasance mai karɓar tallafin Fulbright kuma ta yi aiki a ƙarƙashin gwamnatocin Carter da Clinton. Ta kuma rike mukamai a kungiyoyin gwamnati ciki har da Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Kasa (NIH) da Hukumar Kula da Lafiya.

## Yarinta da ilimi
Dokta Helen L. Smits an haife ta ne ga Ted Smits, wanda ya kasance marubucin wasanni mai zaman kansa kuma edita, da Anna Mary Wells, wanda ya zama farfesa a Turanci, a cikin 1937 a Long Beach, California. Bayan kammala karatunsa daga makarantar sakandare, Smits ya ci gaba da samun digiri na farko na Arts daga Kwalejin Swarthmore a Pennsylvania. Daga nan sai ta halarci Jami'ar Yale, inda ta sami Master's of Art tare da jaddadawa a Turanci, kuma daga ƙarshe ta dawo don kammala Digirin Likita a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Yale .  Smits na ɗaya daga cikin mata takwas kawai a cikin aji na kammala karatun. Smits was one of only eight women in her graduating class.

## Ayyuka
Bayan kammala karatunta na makarantar likita, Helen L. Smits ta fara zama a asibiti a Jami'ar Pennsylvania, daga ƙarshe ta zama babban mazaunin a shekarar 1971. A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, an yi mata aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar mai gudanarwa a wannan asibiti da kuma memba na malamai a Makarantar Wharton . 

A shekara ta 1977, a karkashin gwamnatin Shugaba Jimmy Carter, an zabi Smits a matsayin Darakta na Ka'idojin Kiwon Lafiya da Ofishin Inganci a Hukumar Kula da Lafiya (wanda yanzu ake kira Cibiyoyin Medicare & Medicaid Services). 

A cikin 1981, Smits da iyalinta suka koma Connecticut. Ta kasance memba a makarantar Yale School of Public Health kafin ta zama Darakta na Asibitin John Dempsey a Jami'ar Connecticut na tsawon shekaru bakwai. Bugu da ƙari, daga 1991 zuwa 1993 ta kasance memba na Kwamitin Regents na Kwalejin Likitoci ta Amurka, da Kwamitin Kwamishinoni na Kwamitin hadin gwiwa kan Ƙungiyar Kula da Lafiya.

Daga baya a cikin 1993, Shugaba Bill Clinton ya ba da izini ga Smits ya zama Mataimakin Mai Gudanarwa da Babban Jami'in Kiwon Lafiya na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya. Ayyukanta sun haɗa da kula da sake dubawa na Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya a Cibiyar Lafiya ta Kasa (NIH).  A wannan lokacin, Smits yana aiki tare da Hillary Clinton don sake fasalin manufofin kiwon lafiya. Bayan sake dubawa a NIH, an nada Smits a Kwamitin Gwamnonin Cibiyar Kula da Asibiti, kuma a shekarar 1997, an zabe ta zuwa Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya.

A shekara ta 2002, Smits ya sami Fulbright Fellowship, kuma ya koma Maputo, Mozambique don koyarwa a Sashen Kiwon Lafiya na Al'umma a Jami'ar Eduardo Mondlane .  Bugu da ƙari, Smits ta fara bincike da ci gaban rigakafin HIV / AIDS tare da Gidauniyar Shugaban kasa ta William J. Clinton da Ma'aikatar Lafiya.  A cikin shekara mai zuwa, Smits ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Shirin Gaggawa na Shugaban kasa don Taimako na cutar kanjamau (PEPFAR).  Yayinda take aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban, Majalisa ta Amurka ta zartar da "Dokar Jagorancin Amurka akan HIV / AIDS, Tuberculosis, da Malaria" wanda ya kara rarraba maganin antiretroviral da ci gaban binciken HIV / AIDS da gwaji.

A halin yanzu, Smits yanzu ta yi ritaya kuma tana zaune a Old Saybrook, Connecticut tare da mijinta, amma har yanzu babban mai ba da shawara ne ga Gidauniyar Kula da Lafiya ta Afirka ta Doris Duke. 

## Bincike
Ta yi tunanin aikinta, Smits ta rubuta kuma ta ba da gudummawar hankalinta ga takardun ilimi sama da goma sha biyu game da kiwon lafiya da magani. A shekara ta 1967, Smits ta buga bincikenta na farko a cikin The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine game da nazarin tsarin ultrastructure na huhu na zomo, ta sami digiri na likita a wannan shekarar. Smits ya ci gaba da buga wata takarda a cikin 1981 yana kwatanta ayyukan sabbin likitoci da aka kafa. Binciken da ta yi ya kammala cewa ƙwararrun likitoci sun fi karɓar magani da medicaid dangane da sabbin takwarorinsu. A gefe guda, sabbin likitoci sun biya kudi kuma wani lokacin suna cajin farashi mafi girma don kulawa da hanyoyin. A shekara ta 1984, Smits ya rubuta takarda a cikin Medicare da Medicaid Research Review gargadi game da tsarin biyan kuɗi na rukuni. Smits ya ambaci raunana da yawa ciki har da biyan kuɗi na likita mara kyau kuma tsarin ya ci gaba da ra'ayin ƙarya cewa karuwar rashin lafiya koyaushe yana da alaƙa da farashi mafi girma. Smits kuma ya shafe lokaci mai yawa yana rubutu a kan batutuwan da ke cikin maganin tsofaffi ciki har da Medicaid, gidajen tsofaffi, da manufofin kiwon lafiya da ke shafar tsofaffi. A cikin littafinta na ƙarshe da aka sani a 1995, Commentary on Hospitals & Nursing Homes . *Bayani game da Asibitoci da Gidajen Nursing. *Sabuwar fahimta a cikin Matsalar 'Dual Eligibles' tana roƙon waɗanda ke cikin manufofin kiwon lafiya da masana'antar gidajen jinya su "san yadda zai yiwu game da ainihin masu amfani da gidajen tsofaffi kuma muna buƙatar duba hanyoyin da za su ba su kulawa da ke da tsada da inganci mai kyau". Ta kuma gargadi cewa yayin da wasu na iya saurin son aiwatar da sabon manufofin cewa "canja tsarin a hanyar da ba daidai ba zai haifar da kulawa mafi muni da haɓaka farashi".

## Ayyuka da kyaututtuka
A shekara ta 2009, an shigar da Helen L. Smits cikin Hall of Fame na Mata na Connecticut . 

## Manazarta