Ambaliyar Najeriyata 2022

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**Ambaliyar ruwa ta Najeriya ta 2022** ta shafi sassa da yawa na kasar. Daga Bayanan Gwamnatin Tarayya, ambaliyar ta kori mutane sama da miliyan 1.4, ta kashe mutane sama da 603, kuma ta jikkata fiye da mutane 2,400. Kimanin gidaje 82,035 sun lalace, kuma kada 332,327 na ƙasa ma sun shafa.

Duk da yake Najeriya yawanci tana fuskantar ambaliyar yanayi, wannan ambaliyar ita ce mafi muni a kasar tun bayan ambaliyar 2012. 

Ya zuwa watan Oktoba, ambaliyar ruwa ta lalata gidaje sama da 200,000 gaba ɗaya ko kuma a wani ɓangare. A ranar 7 ga Oktoba, jirgin ruwa dauke da mutane da ke tserewa daga ambaliyar ruwa ya rushe a Kogin Neja, ya haifar da mutuwar mutane 76.

Ruwan ya haifar da Ruwan sama mai yawa da Canjin yanayi da kuma sakin ruwa daga madatsar ruwan Lagdo a makwabciyar Kamaru, wanda ya fara a ranar 13 ga Satumba. Ambaliyar ruwa, wacce ta shafi Najeriya, Nijar, Chadi, da yankin da ke kewaye da ita, ta fara ne a farkon lokacin rani na 2022 kuma ta ƙare a watan Oktoba.

## Dalilan da suka haifar
Gwamnatin Najeriya ta zargi ambaliyar ruwa ta 2022 da Ruwan sama mai yawa da Canjin yanayi. Mai kula da agajin dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Najeriya Matthias Schmale ya ce ambaliyar za a iya bayyana ta hanyar sauyin yanayi. Canjin yanayi a Najeriya yana da alhakin ambaliyar ruwa, fari, raguwar ingancin iska da asarar mazaunin.

Binciken samfurin yanayi na aikin World Weather Attribution ya kiyasta cewa ambaliyar ta zama mai yuwuwa kuma ta fi tsanani ta hanyar canjin yanayi. Sun tsara ruwan sama daga Yuni zuwa Satumba a cikin Tafkin Chadi da ƙananan yankunan kogin Neja, suna kallon jimlar ruwan sama da makonni masu ƙarfi.

Ambaliyar ruwa ta kara tsanantawa a ranar 12 ga watan Satumba tare da sakin ruwa daga madatsar ruwan Lagdo a makwabciyar Kamaru. Ruwa mai yawa da aka saki daga madatsar ruwa ya rushe Kogi Benue da yankunan da kewaye da shi, ambaliyar ruwa a cikin jihohin Kogi, Benue da sauran jihohin da ke arewa maso gabas. Lokacin da aka gina madatsar ruwan Lagdo a shekarar 1982, akwai yarjejeniya da hukumomin Najeriya suka yi don gina madatsun ruwa na biyu a Jihar Adamawa don hana ambaliyar ruwa. An san shi da aikin madatsar ruwan Dasin Hausa, ya kasance a cikin ƙauyen Dasin na yankin karamar hukumar Fufore, amma gwamnatin Najeriya ba ta taɓa gina shi ba.

Ministan Harkokin Jama'a, Gudanar da Bala'i da Ci gaban Jama'a na Najeriya Sadiya Umar Farouq ta ce "akwai isasshen gargadi da bayanai game da ambaliyar 2022" ta zargi kananan hukumomi, jihohi, da al'ummomi da rashin yin aiki nan da nan duk da gargadi. 

Gine-gine mara kyau a kan filayen ambaliyar ruwa da hanyoyin ruwan guguwa tare da tsarin magudanar ruwa mara kyau a yawancin wuraren zama sun toshe tashoshi tare da sharar gida. Rashin aiwatar da dokokin muhalli kawai ya kara tsananta matsaloli.

## Tasirin
Duk da yake Najeriya tana fuskantar ambaliyar ruwa a kai a kai, ambaliyar 2022 ta kasance mafi muni tun bayan ambaliyar Najeriya ta 2012.  Ambaliyar ruwa ta fara ne a farkon lokacin rani  kuma ta shafi jihohi 33 daga cikin jihohin Najeriya 36 . 

Fiye da mutane miliyan biyu ambaliyar ta shafa. Ya zuwa Oktoba, sama da mutane 600 sun mutu kuma sama da 2,400 sun ji rauni. Ya zuwa watan Agusta an sami mutuwar 372.   An yi la'akari da barkewar kwalara a arewa maso gabashin Najeriya ga gurɓataccen maɓuɓɓugar ruwa ta hanyar ambaliyar ruwa kuma tana da alhakin mutuwar akalla mutane 64.

Ambaliyar ta lalata gidaje sama da 200,000 gaba ɗaya ko kuma a wani ɓangare. Yawancin 'yan Najeriya da ke zaune a filayen ambaliyar ruwa ba za su iya motsawa ba kuma kawai su koma gidajensu da zarar matakan ruwa sun koma yadda ya kamata bayan ambaliyar shekara-shekara.

A cewar Hukumar Abinci da Aikin Gona ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Shirin Abinci na Duniya, Najeriya tana fuskantar babban haɗarin haɗarin yunwa. A cikin wani bayani a ranar 13 ga Oktoba, Mai Gudanar da Harkokin Jama'a na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Najeriya Matthias Schmale ya nuna cewa mutane miliyan 19 a Najeriya ba su da abinci mai kyau kuma yara miliyan 14.7 suna cikin haɗarin rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Kimanin yara 400,000 a arewa da arewa maso gabashin kasar da kuma wasu 500,000 a jihohin arewa maso yammacin Sokoto, Zamfara, da Katsina suna cikin haɗarin rashin abinci mai gina jiki.

Ana sa ran ambaliyar za ta ci gaba har zuwa Nuwamba ga jihohin kudancin Anambra, Delta, Rivers, Cross River da Bayelsa. Uku daga cikin tafkunan Najeriya, Kainji, Jebba, da Shiroro, ana sa ran cikawa.

#### Jihar Adamawa
A ƙarshen watan Agusta, ambaliyar ruwa mai tsanani a Jihar Adamawa ta haifar da mutuwar mutane 10 kuma ta lalata gidaje da yawa.

#### Jihar Anambra
A ranar 7 ga Oktoba 2022, mutane 76 sun nitse bayan jirgin ruwa mai dauke da kaya da ke tserewa daga ambaliyar ruwa ya rushe. Ruwan Kogin Neja da ruwan sama sun kara hauhawar matakin ruwa. Al'ummomin Kogin a cikin jihar sun mamaye ambaliyar ruwa.

Cocin Katolika na Madonna mai hawa uku a Iyiowa, Anambra West ya rushe saboda ambaliyar ruwa a ranar 9 ga Oktoba.

* Crowther Memorial Primary School Camp, Onitsha, Jihar Anambra: Wannan sansanin ya kunshi wadanda ambaliyar ruwa ta shafa daga al'ummomi daban-daban wadanda suka hada da Mmiata-Anam, Umudora-Anam. Nzam, Ukwala, Inoma, da Owele daga Karamar Hukumar Anambra ta Yammacin jihar Anambra. Fursunoni a sansanin sun kai kimanin 1,800. Mata masu juna biyu 5 sun haifi jariransu a sansanin makarantar firamare ta Crowther Memorial, Onitsha. Koyaya, an kai su Babban Asibitin Onitsha don kulawa mai kyau bayan isar da su a sansanin IDP. 
* Yankin Majalisar Arewacin Onitsha Mutanen da suka rasa muhallinsu (IDP): sansanin IDP yana da kimanin mutane 400 daga Umuoba Anam da Ekpe Nneyi, Umueri a Yankin Majalisar Gabashin Anambra. Har ila yau, akwai wadanda ambaliyar ruwa ta shafa daga Jihar Delta da aka kwantar a sansanin inda aka rarraba kayan agaji da sauran abubuwan da suka dace.
* Gidan Gundumar Ogbaru: Wannan yana cikin al'ummar Atani. Koyaya, ambaliyar ruwa ta zo ta mamaye hedikwatar karamar hukuma yayin da fursunoni ke can. Mutane sun zo tare da jiragen ruwa kuma sun kwashe wadanda ambaliyar ta shafa wadanda suka makale. Ya zama bala'i biyu ga wadanda ambaliyar ruwa ta shafa.
* sansanin Umueri IDP 
* sansanin Aguleri IDP 

A yankin kudu, bayelsa, an tattara cewa ambaliyar ruwa ta shafi al'ummomi 300. Ba kasa da mutane miliyan 1.3 ne wadanda bala'in ya shafa ba. Kimanin mutane 96 sun mutu yayin da kimanin mutane miliyan 1.2 suka rasa muhallinsu. Rahoton ya ce Bincike kan tasirin ambaliyar ruwa ta 2022 a kan mazaunan Yenagoa, babban birnin Jihar Bayelsa, ya nuna cewa sama da kashi 71 zuwa 77 cikin dari na mazauna sun shafa ta hanyar rushewar gini, kayan gida sun ɓace, dabbobin da aka lalata da sauransu da yawa.

#### Jihar Delta
Tsakanin 26 ga Nuwamba da 7 ga Disamba 2022, an gano cewa ambaliyar ruwa ta shafa mutane 78,640 a wurare 18 a Jihar Delta.

#### Jihar Jigawa
Ambaliyar ruwa ta mamaye Jihar Jigawa daga watan Agusta zuwa Satumba, inda akalla mutane 92 suka mutu.

#### Jihar Kano
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