Ƙungiyar 'Yancin dan Adam ta Amurka ta New Jersey

**Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Jama'ar Amirka ta New Jersey** (ACLU-NJ) ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta, mai rajin kare hakkin jama'a a Newark, New Jersey, kuma wata alaƙa ce ta Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Jama'ar Amirka ta ƙasa. A cewar manufar ACLU-NJ, ACLU-NJ tana aiki ne ta hanyar shari'a a madadin daidaikun mutane, shiga tsakani a majalisun jihohi da kananan hukumomi, da kuma ilimin al'umma. 

## Tarihi
An kafa ACLU-NJ a ranar 16 ga Yuni, 1960, lokacin da membobin ACLU na Arewacin Jersey- da Kudancin Jersey suka yi taro a Newark don kafa haɗin gwiwa a duk faɗin jihar a hukumance. A cikin shekaru goma na farko, ACLU-NJ ta kafa Community Legal Action Workshop (CLAW) don bayar da shawarwari ga wadanda aka keta hakkin jama'a a cikin birni saboda tashe-tashen hankula na Newark . Lauyoyin ACLU masu sa kai Ruth Bader Ginsburg da Annamay Sheppard, duka na Rutgers School of Law – Newark a lokacin, sun yi jayayya game da batun nuna wariya na jima'i na 1972 na Abbe Seldin, wanda ya sami damar buga wasan tennis a ƙungiyar maza ta Teaneck High School . 

## Batutuwa
ACLU-NJ yawanci tana tsoma baki cikin al'amurran 'yancin walwala da suka shafi 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki, rabuwar coci da jiha, zaɓe da haƙƙin jefa ƙuri'a, buɗe gwamnati, dokar sirri, 'yancin LGBT, 'yancin haifuwa, 'yancin mata, yancin ɗalibi, daidaiton launin fata, ayyukan 'yan sanda, Haƙƙin fursuna, yancin talauci, da haƙƙin baƙi.  

### 'Yan sanda
A cikin New Jersey, ayyukan 'yan sanda suna samun kulawa akai-akai daga ACLU-NJ. A cikin 1967, ACLU-NJ ta kai karar 'yan sandan jihar bayan tarzomar Plainfield, lokacin da sojojin jihar suka binciko gidaje 66 ba tare da izini ba. 

#### Newark 'yan sanda
Dangantakar da ke tsakanin ACLU-NJ da Sashen 'yan sanda na Newark ta kasance mai cike da cikas musamman tun lokacin da ACLU-NJ ta kirkiro. Bayan tarzomar Newark a watan Yulin 1967 ta haifar da mutuwar mutane 26, ACLU-NJ ta shiga tsakani a madadin mutanen da aka kama tare da koya wa jama'ar Newark rubuta ta'addancin 'yan sanda.   Daga baya a wannan shekarar, ACLU-NJ ta roki kotunan tarayya da su sa ido kan Sashen ‘Yan Sanda na Newark, ba tare da nasara ba.  A cikin Satumba 2010, ACLU-NJ ta shigar da irin wannan koke ga Ma'aikatar Shari'a don mayar da martani ga korafe-korafen cin zarafi da cin zarafi da 'yan sanda ke yi 

### Bude gwamnati
Babin ACLU na New Jersey kuma ya sanya gwamnati budaddiyar fifiko. A cikin 2009, ACLU-NJ ta sanar da Buɗe Ayyukan Gudanarwa, wani yunƙuri da aka sadaukar don fayyace gwamnati da sauƙin samun damar yin taro da takaddun gwamnati. 

## Sanannen Kararraki

### ''Kreimer da Morristown''
Daga 1989-1991, ACLU ta goyi bayan haƙƙin Richard Kreimer don amfani da Haɗin gwiwar Laburaren Jama'a na Morristown da Morris Township. Kreimer ba shi da matsuguni kuma shugabancin ɗakin karatu, wanda 'yan sandan Morristown suka goyi bayansa, sun hana shi yin amfani da ɗakin karatu saboda rashin tsaftar mutum da kuma ɗabi'ar kallon wasu abokan ciniki. ACLU ta shawo kan Laburare don gyara wasu ƙa'idodi game da ɓata lokaci sannan kuma ya ci gaba da taimakawa Kreimer a cikin neman ramawa. 

### Galluccio
A cikin 1997, ACLU-NJ ta ɗauki shari'ar Jon Holden da Michael Galluccio, ma'auratan gayu da ke yaƙi don ɗaukar ɗan reno ɗan shekara biyu. Sun ci nasara a shari'ar, saboda haka New Jersey ta zama jiha ta farko da ta ba da daidaito daidai ga ma'auratan gay da madigo da ke neman karbuwa. 

### Sally Frank
 
ACLU-NJ ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Sally Frank, ɗalibin Jami'ar Princeton da ke fafutukar karɓar mata cikin ƙungiyoyin cin abinci na maza duka a harabar tun daga 1979. Frank ya wakilta Nadine Taub, wanda ya ci gaba da yin muhawarar cewa kulab din, kodayake kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, sun kasance masaukin jama'a na rayayye da nuna bambanci a kan jinsi. Yaƙin shari'a ya ƙare sama da shekaru goma bayan haka a cikin 1992, tare da duk Clubs na cin abinci suna karɓar mata.    

### ''Yorker, et al. v. Garin Manalapan, et al.''
A ranar 25 ga Agusta, 2004, ACLU-NJ ta shigar da karar *Yorker, et al. v. Garin Manalapan, et al.* a kotun jihar a madadin wasu matasa Ba’amurke uku da jami’an ‘yan sandan Manalapan suka bincike su tare da nuna musu wariya. An yi zargin cewa jami’an sun gaya wa abokan yaran fararen fata uku cewa za su iya komawa gida. Garin Manalapan ya biya $275,000 don sasanta karar. 

## Kudade
ACLU-NJ tana aiki akan gudummawa. A cikin shekarar kudi ta 2009-2010, ACLU-NJ ta bayar da rahoton kashi 31% na kudaden shiga daga gudummawar, 1% daga wasiƙa, 17% daga haƙƙoƙi, <1% daga kuɗin lauyan da kotu ta bayar, 10% daga tallafi, 40% daga kuɗin saka hannun jari. da <1% daga sauran kudin shiga. 

## Ƙungiya
ACLU-NJ ta ƙunshi ACLU-NJ da ACLU-NJ Foundation. ACLU-NJ wata ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta ta 501 (c) (4), wacce ke ba da kuɗin shiga na doka. Membobin "Dauke Kati" suna cikin wannan ƙungiya, kyauta waɗanda ba za a cire su daga haraji ba. Ba da gudummawa ga gidauniyar ACLU-NJ, a gefe guda, ba za a iya cire haraji ba saboda wannan reshe yana aiki a matsayin kamfani mai zaman kansa na 501 (c) (3), yana mai da hankali kan shari'a da ilimin jama'a.

### Hukumar
Membobi ne ke zabar da zabar kwamitin amintattu daga sassan jihar da ke wa'adin shekaru uku. Hukumar tana tsara manufofi, tara kuɗi, da ba da kulawa ta doka da aminci.  

### Darakta
Udi Ofer ya zama babban darakta na ACLU-NJ a cikin 2013. Shi ne ke da alhakin kula da harkokin shari'a, dokoki, ilimin jama'a, da shirye-shiryen tattara kudade na kungiyar. A karkashin jagorancinsa kungiyar ta samu nasarori da dama. ACLU-NJ ta kafa New Jersey United for Marriage, wacce ta shirya wani kamfen da ba a taba yin irinsa ba don samun yancin yin aure ga ma'auratan maza da mata a New Jersey. ACLU-NJ ta kuma yi nasarar ba da shawara ga Newark da ya yi amfani da ingantattun manufofin bayar da rahoto na ƙasar, da kuma Sashen 'yan sanda na Newark da su guji girmama masu tsare shige da fice, don haka tabbatar da cewa al'ummomin baƙi na iya tuntuɓar 'yan sanda ba tare da tsoron korarsu ba. Kafin shiga ACLU-NJ, Ofer ya kafa Sashen Ba da Shawara na Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Jama'a ta New York (NYCLU) kuma ya taimaka canza aikin ƙungiyar. Karkashin jagorancinsa, NYCLU ta samu nasarori da dama, da suka hada da bangaren adalci na launin fata, 'yancin dalibai, da 'yancin bakin haure. An fi saninsa da aikinsa na ƙalubalantar cin zarafi na NYPD na tsayawa-da-kai-tsaye, da kuma jagorantar ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce ta zartar da dokar Majalisar Birnin New York da ta haramta nuna wariyar launin fata ta NYPD da ƙirƙirar ofishin Sufeto Janar na NYPD. Ofer ya rubuta labarai da rahotanni sama da dozin dozin bitar doka, gami da a cikin Makarantar Koyarwar Doka ta Columbia na Race da Doka, Fordham Law School Urban Law Journal, da Binciken Dokokin Makarantar New York. Shi mai sharhi ne akai-akai kan yancin jama'a da batutuwan 'yancin ɗan adam akan kafofin watsa labarai na gida da na ƙasa, gami da cikin *The New York Times* da Rediyon Jama'a na ƙasa. Ofer ya fara aikinsa na shari'a a cikin 2001 a matsayin Skadden Fellow kuma lauyan ma'aikaci a Wurin 'Yan Uwana, kungiyar ta'addancin cikin gida inda ya wakilci mata akan al'amuran shige da fice da jama'a. Daga 2009-2012, Ofer ya yi aiki a matsayin farfesa na gaba a Makarantar Shari'a ta New York. Ofer ya kammala karatun digiri ne a Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Fordham da Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo. Shi ne mai karɓar lambobin yabo da yawa, ciki har da lambar yabo ta 2007 "Kyautar Distinguished Graduate Award" daga Fordham Law School, da kuma 2013 "Rarraba Gudunmawa ga Shari'a da Kyautar Adalci" daga Jami'ar Rider. 

### Daraktan shari'a
Ed Barocas ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan shari'a na ACLU-NJ tun daga watan Mayun 2001, yana kula da shirin shari'a na ACLU-NJ, da kuma sarrafa bayanan sama da 30. Barocas ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru shida a matsayin mai ba da shawara na musamman ga sashin sauraren ƙara na musamman na Ofishin Mai Kare Jama'a a Newark, inda ya wakilci masu laifin jima'i da aka yankewa hukunci a cikin rabe-rabe da sauraron ƙararrakin sanarwa da ƙararrakin matakin da ya dace na ƙalubalantar tsarin mulki na Dokar Megan . Ya gudanar da babban ofishin Unit, wanda ya shafi kananan hukumomi shida na New Jersey. Ya kuma koyar da kwas a Rutgers Law School . Kafin yin aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara na musamman, Barocas ya kasance Mataimakin Mataimakin Mai Ba da Shawarar Jama'a don Sashen Ba da Shawarar Kiwon Lafiyar Hankali a Wall, New Jersey, inda ya ba da shawarar haƙƙin masu tabin hankali a kan daidaikun mutane da asibitoci. Ya yi shawarwarin sake fasalin shirye-shiryen ɗabi'a na samari tare da ba da shawarar manufa don wuraren zama na al'umma da kuma rufe asibitin masu tabin hankali, wanda Majalisar Ba da Shawara ta Kariya da Shawarwari ta gabatar ga Gwamna Whitman kuma daga baya aka karbe shi. Har ila yau, Barocas yana da haƙƙin mallaka don fiye da 40 na barkwanci da waƙoƙin ban dariya na siyasa. Ya yi aiki tare da membobin Blood, Sweat & Tears, kuma yana da kundin da aka shirya don fitarwa a cikin bazara 2010. Ya halarci Kwalejin Rutgers a New Brunswick kuma ya sami Likitan Juris a watan Mayu 1992 daga Cibiyar Shari'a ta Kasa a Jami'ar George Washington. 

## Manazarta