Rashin ruwa na Najafgarh

**Magudanar Ruwan  Najafgarh** ko **Najafgarh nalah** ( *nalah* a cikinacin adinin Hindi yana nufin rivulet ko magudanar ruwa), wanda kuma yake aiki azaman mafakar tsuntsayen Najafgarh, wani suna ne na ƙarshen Kogin Sahibi, wanda ke ci gaba da kwarara a yankin  Delhi, na kasar  indiya aka watsa shi. sannan ya kwarara cikin Yamuna . A cikin Delhi, saboda tashar ta don dalilai na sarrafa ambaliya, yanzu ana kiranta da kuskure "Najafgarh drain" ko "Najafgarh nullah." Ana samun wannan suna daga sanannen kuma babbar Najafgarh Jheel (tafkin) kusa da garin Najafgarh a kudu maso yammacin Delhi da kuma cikin Delhi na birni. Ita ce mafi gurɓacewar ruwa a babban birnin Indiya sakamakon kwararar najasa kai tsaye daga wuraren da jama don tantance ingancin ruwan dausayi a wuraren zama na namun daji.     

An faɗaɗa wannan magudanar ruwa a matsayin magudanar ruwa da ke haɗa tafkin Najafgarh zuwa kogin Yamuna, don haka gaba ɗaya ya kwashe babban kogin Najafgarh mai arzikin muhalli gaba ɗaya, wanda ya shahara da yanayin ƙasa mai dausayi, tsuntsayen ruwa da namun daji.

## Rabewa da suna
A cikin Babban Babban Babban Birnin Delhi (NCT), wannan hanyar ruwa da aka ba da izini - wanda ba daidai ba, wanda aka yi masa suna a matsayin magudanar ruwa kawai ( *Magudanar Najafgarh ko nullah* ) - shine, a zahiri, ci gaba da Kogin Sahibi da haɓakar tafkin Najafgarh jheel . A cikin shekarun 1960 da kuma kafin, kogin Sahibi mai ruwan sama, wanda ya samo asali daga gundumar Jaipur na Rajasthan, ya ratsa ta gundumar Alwar a Rajasthan da gundumar Gurgaon a Haryana, ya shiga Delhi kusa da Dhansa kuma ya zubar da ambaliya a cikin tafkin Najafgarh . Wannan ambaliya ta haifar da tafkin yanayi; fili fiye da  an nutsar da shi a wasu yanayi. Daga nan sai wannan ruwa ya ci gaba da kwararowa a daya bangaren, ya zama magudanar ruwa na kogin Yamuna . A cikin shekarun da suka biyo baya, wannan kogin Sahibi wanda ya kai ga masu kula da Dhansa ya kasance ta hanyar tono magudanar ruwa mai faɗi da haɗa shi kai tsaye zuwa Kogin Yamuna. Wannan tashar ta kuma kawar da yanayin Najafgarh Jheel na yanayi wanda ya kasance a can baya. Magudanar ruwa da aka ba da izini daga masu kula da Dhansa zuwa Keshopur Bus Depot akan Titin Ring Outer Ring yana da faɗi tare da kauri da tsayi. Ana ajiye ruwa mai yawa a cikin wannan magudanar da aka faɗaɗa ta hanyar rufe masu kula da Kakrola a ƙarƙashin titin Najafgarh don yin cajin ruwa na ƙasa na gida; Don haka yana aiki kamar tafkin elongated kuma. 

## Wuraren Tsuntsaye da dausayi
**Tsarin yanayin ƙasa mai laushi da mazaunin namun daji masu mahimmanci ga tsuntsayen ruwa masu ƙaura da namun daji na gida**

An fadada magudanar da yawa a cikin shekaru da yawa don zubar da duk ruwan da a cikin shekarun da suka gabata ya kasance yana tarawa a cikin kwandon Nagafgarh Jheel; ana tsammanin an yi hakan ne don kawar da barazanar ambaliya a Delhi   kuma yanzu magudanar ruwa da kanta tana aiki a matsayin wani ruwa mai tsayi ko tafkin da bishiyoyi da aka dasa a duka ɓangarorinsa tare da hanyar dubawa da ke gudana a kan shinge ɗaya. A cikin watannin hunturu yana jan hankalin ɗimbin tsuntsaye masu ƙaura kuma yana tallafawa namun daji a duk shekara. Saboda wadataccen namun daji da ake gani a ciki da kuma kewayen magudanar ruwa da ke wajen da cunkoson jama'a, an tsara shi a matsayin mafakar tsuntsaye ga Delhi.   

Tsarin yanayi mai laushi da mazaunin namun daji a kan kilomita da yawa na ƙarancin gurɓataccen magudanar ruwa na Najafgarh a cikin karkarar Delhi kafin shiga babban birnin ciki har da tsohon *tafkin Najafgarh* ko yankin *Najafgarh jheel* yana da matukar muhimmanci wurin zama ga tsuntsayen ruwa masu ƙaura da kuma namun daji na gida kuma an keɓe shi don ayyana shi. mafakar tsuntsaye ga Delhi. An amince da yankin a matsayin muhimmin wurin zama na namun daji bayan wani masanin halitta na yankin da ke nazarin yankin a tsakanin 1986-88 ya yi kira da a kiyaye shi a matsayin wurin kiyaye tsuntsaye bayan haka sashen namun daji na Delhi ya sanya masu gadi 16 a yankin don sarrafa ba bisa ka'ida ba. masu farautar tsuntsaye ciki har da jami'an diflomasiyya daga ofisoshin jakadancin kasashen duniya daban-daban da ke Delhi, babban birnin Indiya. Jami'an gwamnatin Delhi an dora musu alhakin ayyana kusan  shimfidar magudanar ruwa a cikin karkarar Delhi, gami da inda ta ke wucewa ta cikin babban yankin tafkin Najafgarh da yanzu ya zube, "kare" a karkashin "Dokar namun daji" bayan da aka gayyaci Laftanar-Gwamnan Delhi Mr. HL Kapur zuwa yankin. domin ya zagaya wurin inda ya kuma ji bayanan mutanen kauyen game da yawaitar farautar tsuntsayen ruwa ba bisa ka'ida ba da ke faruwa a nan duk shekara. Haka kuma ma’aikatan da ke aiki a Sashin Kula da Ruwa da Ruwa da suka kai kimanin 40 an kuma ba su karin nauyin kare namun daji a magudanar ruwa da kewaye.   

## Gandun daji
Magudanar ruwan Najafgarh ya kara fadada sosai a cikin shekarun da suka gabata kuma yanzu yana da kaurin laka a bangarorin biyu don ratsa ruwa da kuma kare Delhi daga ambaliya, an dasa wadannan tarkace tare da murfin gandun daji mai kauri wanda ke zama wurin zama da ake bukata ga sauran gida. namun daji dake faruwa a kusa da filayen gonaki da suka hada da foxes na gama-gari, dawakai, kuraye, kurayen daji, nilgai, naman naman daji da dabbobi masu rarrafe iri-iri da macizai gami da kururuwa masu firgita. Tsuntsaye da yawa na gida ciki har da tsuntsayen ruwa suna yin kwana a cikin waɗannan bishiyoyi.

Sassan gandun daji na magudanar ruwa na Najafgarh a halin yanzu an rarraba su kuma an nuna su a cikin dazuzzuka masu kariya da dazuzzukan da aka yi rikodi (Yanayin dajin da aka Sanar da su a Delhi) azaman "Yankin MP Green Najafgarh Drain (Gidan Tagore)", "Yankin MPGreen Najafgarh Drain (DDA) "da" Chhawla ko Najafgarh magudanar ruwa na birni (29.64 Acre)".     

## Hanyar shinge
Akwai ingantaccen hanyar duba tuƙi wanda Sashen Ban ruwa da Ruwa na Delhi ke kula da shi akan ɗayan magudanar ruwa a duk tsawon tsawon kilomita da yawa yana tafiya ta cikin karkarar Delhi daga masu kula da Dhansa a kan iyakar kudu maso yamma na Delhi tare da jihar Haryana zuwa inda. magudanar ruwa ta ketare a karkashin titin waje na zobe a tashar motar Keshopur kusa da titin Najafgarh tsakanin mazaunan gidaje na Vikaspuri da Tilak Nagar a New Delhi.

Masu kallon tsuntsaye da masu son yanayi na iya kallon namun daji da tsuntsayen ruwa dake faruwa akan magudanar ruwa daga ababan hawa ta hanyar tuki akan wannan hanya da tsayawa lokaci-lokaci da gangarowa zuwa bakin ruwa. Kamar yadda fadin magudanar ya yi iyaka, ana iya ganin garken tsuntsayen ruwa da sauran tsuntsayen da ke cikin magudanar cikin sauki daga gefuna na magudanar kuma wannan hujjar ta sa tsuntsayen suka fi fuskantar farauta yayin da suke kasancewa cikin saukin isa ga bindigogin mafarauta da tarkuna da tarko da ƴan ƙauye da ƙwararrun ƴan tarko suka kafa musu.

## Yin caji, ban ruwa
Ci gaba da faɗaɗa magudanar ruwa na Najafgarh tun daga shekarun 1960 ya haifar da cikar magudanar ruwa da tafkin Najafgarh mai yawa, jheel ko marsh wanda kai tsaye ya shafi teburin ruwan ƙasa a duk yankin da ke kewaye kamar duk ruwan sama bayan damina ta shekara wacce ta saba yin ta. Tara a cikin babban tafki a shekarun baya yanzu ya gudu cikin sauri ta hanyar fadada magudanar ruwa zuwa cikin kogin Yamuna wanda ya bi ta, wannan ya shafi yanayin yankin baki daya tare da sanya yankin da bushewa tare da haifar da karancin ruwa don manufar. ban ruwa ko amfanin ɗan adam ga mutanen Delhi da yankuna kewaye.

A halin yanzu magudanar tana da fadi da zurfi wanda ya zama tafki mai tsayi a cikinsa kuma yana iya rikewa da adana ruwan sama da yawa wanda za'a iya sarrafa shi ta hanyar masu sarrafawa da aka gina a cikin ta lokaci-lokaci. Kula da magudanar ruwa mai kyau a cikin magudanar ruwa da adana ruwan sama a cikinsa a cikin watanni na rani yana haifar da sake cajin teburin ruwan ƙasa  wanda manoman da ke kewaye da su ke samun taimako sosai yayin da suke samun babban teburin ruwan duk da cewa rijiyoyin bututu da aka tona a gonakinsu. ko da yake suna zubar da ruwa don shayar da amfanin gonakinsu. Manoman da ke da filayen noma da ke kan iyaka da magudanar ruwa a yankunan karkarar Delhi suna amfani da bututu da bututu kai tsaye don fitar da ruwa daga magudanar ruwa don ban ruwa. 

## Kamun kifi
Mafi tsaftar yanki na magudanar ruwa a yankunan karkarar kudu maso yammacin Delhi kafin ya shiga wurin da jama'a da yawa da gurbatar yanayi a Vikaspuri shima yana jan hankalin wasu masuntan ƙauyen ƙauyen, lokaci-lokaci ana iya ganin mutum yana jefa layinsa ko tarunsa a cikin ruwa ko kuma yana iyo kan baƙar fata. bututun taya motar daukar kaya yana shimfida ragar kamun kifi a fadin magudanar ruwa. Ana buƙatar lasisin kamun kifi don kama kifi bisa doka a cikin ruwan Delhi.

## Ruwa hyacinth overgrowth
Ruwan hyacinth, wani nau'in tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu girma da sauri ya toshe gaba ɗaya yana toshe saman ruwa na magudanar ruwa a wurare da yawa a kowace shekara kuma ma'aikatar kula da ambaliya tana ɗaukar kuɗi da yawa da aiki don share shi ɗan ɗan kiyaye ruwan ba tare da katsewa ba. Cire hyacinth na water hyacinth da leburori ya kuma buɗe filin ruwa ga tsuntsaye da tsuntsayen ruwa masu ƙaura waɗanda ke fakewa a nan kowane lokacin hunturu.

## Rufewa don ci gaba
Akwai shirin ci gaba a cikin ayyukan da Ma'aikatar Ruwa ta Najafgarh za ta rufe ta daga Vijay Nagar, Delhi zuwa Hakikat Nagar kuma a kan wuraren da aka rufe za a gina shaguna. 

## Tafkin Najafgarh, marsh ko jeheel
*Tafkin Najafgarh*, *Najafgarh marsh* ko *Najafgarh jheel* (Jheel a Hindi yana nufin tabki) ya kasance babban tafki ne a kudu maso yammacin Delhi a Indiya kusa da garin Najafgarh wanda ya samo sunansa, an haɗa shi da kogin Yamuna ta hanyar. nullah ko magudanar ruwa da ake kira Najafgarh nullah. Koyaya, bayan 1960s Sashen Kula da Ambaliyar Ruwa na Delhi ya ci gaba da faɗaɗa magudanar ruwa na Najafgarh a cikin hasashen ceto Delhi daga ambaliya kuma daga ƙarshe ya yi sauri ya kwashe babban tafkin Najafgarh mai arzikin muhalli gaba ɗaya. Ruwan ruwan sama da ke taruwa a tafkin Najafgarh ko jheel basin an yi rikodin ya mamaye fiye da murabba'in kilomita 300 a cikin shekaru da yawa kafin rashin sa'a.

Duk da haka, tare da ci gaban da aka samu na fahimtar muhalli a baya-bayan nan ya bayyana a fili cewa malalewar wannan babban tafkin ya shafi dukkan yanayin wannan yanki mai muhimmanci wanda shi ne babban birnin Indiya da makwaftansa. Magudanar da tabkin gaba daya ya kuma sa magudanar ruwa a yankin gaba daya ya ragu sannan kuma wurin ya zama bushewa. Akwai wasu tsare-tsare tun lokacin da aƙalla tada wani ƙaramin tafki a yankin. Yawancin filayen basin na Najafgarh jheel sun karu da yawa a cikin darajarsu saboda zuwan su a cikin Delhi, babban birnin Indiya kuma suna ƙarƙashin mallakar manoma waɗanda za su so su sami kuɗi mai sauri suna siyar da su ga masu haɓakawa waɗanda ke son canza tsohuwar tafkin tafkin. a cikin rukunin gidaje kamar yadda ya riga ya faru tare da manyan gidaje masu tasowa a yankin. Idan magudanar Najafgarh, wacce aka gina ta don zubar da asalin tabkin Najafgarh ko jheel, ta taɓa keta faffadan gaɓoɓinsa, zai mamaye waɗannan ƙasashe da suka ci gaba saboda su ya bazu ko'ina cikin tsohuwar jheel ko kwandon tafkin.

### Kafin magudanar ruwa, babban tafkin
Kafin rashin cikakkiyar magudanar wannan tafkin a cikin shekarun 1960 ta hanyar fadada magudanar ruwa ta Najafgarh ta sashin kula da ambaliyar ruwa da ban ruwa na Delhi tafkin a cikin shekaru da yawa ya cika bakin ciki fiye da  a cikin karkarar Delhi, Tana da wadataccen yanayi mai ɗorewa wanda ke zama mafaka ga ɗimbin tsuntsayen ruwa da namun daji na gida. Tafkin ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin wuraren zama na ƙarshe na shahararriyar Crane na Siberian da ke cikin haɗari wanda duk ya ɓace daga yankin Indiya a yanzu. Har zuwa kafin samun 'yancin kai da yawa daga cikin jami'an mulkin mallaka na Birtaniyya da kuma manyan baki sun zo babban liyafa don farautar tsuntsayen ruwa a kowace kakar.   

## Duba kuma

* Najafgarh magudanar ruwa mai tsarki, Delhi
* Kusa da tafkin Najafgarh ko Najafgarh jheel (Yanzu gaba ɗaya ruwan Najafgarh ya kwashe)
* Najafgarh Town, Delhi
* National Zoological Park Delhi
* Gidan shakatawa na Sultanpur, yana iyaka da Delhi a kusa da gundumar Gurgaon, Haryana
* Okhla Sanctuary, iyaka da Delhi a cikin kusancin Uttar Pradesh
* Bhalswa tafkin doki, Arewa maso yamma, Delhi

## Manazarta

## Kara karantawa

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* https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:RabaBQDqo68J:www.wsscc.org/sites/default/files/india_singh_delhis_watery_woes_2006.pdf+bird+count+najafgarh+drain&hl=en&gl=ca&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESjlgc68wrZgBbj0hEmWVk7HauQdWLh_BVFYvxYGw32kvR4U2mGAyaRPANgdq0RzGq6dzdIsioYliM4z5dvO5ZDY_I6_v1aFeTkZfywGTFbM3pRISW75Q2F_5Jf8aBgwHsZaOXra&sig=AHIEtbQHJIrk1sity8tW--Nbc_11UUCAQg, Delhi's Watery Woes by Arun Kumar Singh
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