Massabalala Yengwa

**Massabalala Bonnie "MB" Yengwa** (an haife shi 5 Disamba 1923-21 Yuli 1987)  lauya ne ɗan Afirka ta Kudu, mai fafutukar yaki da nuna wariyar launin fata kuma Sakataren Lardin Natal na Ƙungiyar Matasan Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta Afirka (ANCYL).

## Iyali da ilimi
An haifi Yengwa a shekara ta 1923 kusa da Mapumulo a cikin Kwa-Zulu Natal. Mahaifinsa ma'aikacin Zulu ne, wanda ya shiga cikin Tawayen Bambatha na shekarar 1906  kuma an ɗaure shi a lokacin yaƙin neman zaɓe na African National Congress (ANC) na shekarar 1919.  Ya halarci makarantar sakandare a Richmond kuma daga shekarun 1945 ya yi karatu na ɗan lokaci a Jami'ar Natal.

Ya auri Edith Minah Sibisi a ranar 21 ga watan Satumba 1957 a Maqumbi.

## Gwagwarmaya a Afirka ta Kudu
Yengwa ya zama mai fafutuka a gwagwarmayar yaki da nuna wariyar launin fata kuma ya shiga jam'iyyar ANC, ya zama sakataren lardi na ANCYL. A shekara ta 1951, an zaɓe shi a matsayin kwamitin zartarwa na lardin Natal na ANC.  Ya yi aiki har zuwa shekara ta 1960. Ya kasance na kusa da Albert John Luthuli kuma yana cikin ruƙuni, ciki har da Herbert Isaac Ernest Dhlomo da Jordan Ngubane, waɗanda suka taka rawa wajen zaɓen Luthuli a matsayin shugaban ANC.  Daga baya Yengwa ya zama sakataren Luthuli,  daga baya ya yi tafiya tare da shi da matarsa zuwa Oslo, Norway, lokacin da Luthuli ya sami lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Nobel a shekarar 1961.

A cikin shekarar 1952, an naɗa Yengwa a matsayin  Babban Jami'in Sa-kai kuma a matsayin sakatare na haɗin gwiwa, tare da Marimuthu Pragalathan Naicker, na Majalisar Haɗin gwiwar Aiki a Natal don Kamfen ɗin Defiance na Majalisar Indiya ta Afirka ta Kudu (SAIC).  An ɗaure shi na tsawon makonni biyu saboda ayyukansa a matsayin mai adawa.  Daga bisani ya halarci taron Queenstown na ANC, inda ya haɗu da fara haɗin gwiwa tare da 'yan gwagwarmaya Oliver Tambo da Nelson Mandela. Gwamnati ta dakatar da Yengwa a watan Mayu 1953, ta hana shi halartar duk wani taron siyasa ko na jama'a ko barin Durban. A shekarar 1955, an kore shi zuwa Mapumulo na tsawon shekaru biyu. 

An tuhume shi tare da wasu masu fafutuka 155 a 1956 Treason Trials,  amma an wanke shi kuma an sake shi bayan shekara guda. An kira shi zuwa Pretoria da ya bayyana a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin shaidun kariya ga waɗanda ake tuhuma da cin amanar ƙasa a watan Satumba na shekarar 1960,   inda ya sake nanata amsa ga tambayoyi da yawa cewa ANC ta bi manufar rashin tashin hankali don cimma manufofinsu na siyasa.  An sake kama shi a shekara ta 1963 kuma an tsare shi a gidan yari. Yengwa ya yi watanni 18 a gidan yari, kuma lokacin da aka sake shi, an tsare shi a gidan na sa’o’i 24 a Maqombi a Mapumulo, ya kasa fita ko aiki.

## 'Yan gudun hijira a Swaziland da Ingila
A cikin shekarar 1966, Yengwa ya gudu zuwa Swaziland,   sai matarsa Edith da 'ya'yansu, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya. A shekara ta 1969, bayan matsin lamba daga gwamnatin Afirka ta Kudu a kan Swaziland, Yengwa da iyalinsa aka kora kuma suka ƙaura zuwa Burtaniya a matsayin ’yan gudun hijira.  Ya halarci taron ‘yan adawa a gudun hijira. 

Bayan mutuwar Albert Luthuli a shekarar 1967, daga London Yengwa ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin masu kula da Luthuli Memorial Foundation (LMF), tare da 'yar gwagwarmayar Amurka Mary Louise Hooper da matar Luthuli Nokukhanya Bhengu.  

A Ingila ya kuma fassara ayyuka daga Zulu zuwa Turanci (tare da wasu fassararsa da aka yi a cikin tarin ɗakin karatu na Makarantar Gabas da Nazarin Afirka (SOAS), Jami'ar London) kuma ya ba da laccoci kan kiɗan Zulu da waƙoƙin yabo.  

Yengwa mutum ne mai addini kuma ya wakilci ANC a taron Majalisar Cocin Duniya a Geneva.

## Mutuwa da martaba
Yengwa ya mutu a shekara ta 1987 a Landan. An canza wa wata hanya a Durban suna zuwa Masbalala Yengwa Avenue don karrama shi. 

## Manazarta