open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Christina McAnea

**Christina McAnea** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1958)  shugabar ƙungiyar ƙwadago ce ta Scotland. An zaɓe ta a matsayin sakatare janar na Unison a matsayin maye gurbin Dave Prentis,  kuma ta hau muƙamin a ranar 22 ga Janairu 2021. 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi McAnea a shekarar 1958 a Glasgow, Scotland, kuma ta girma a yankin Drumchapel, inda ta halarci Makarantar St. Pius (yanzu wurin Makarantar Sakandare ta Drumchapel ne).  Ta yi aiki a Ma'aikatar Gwamnati, Hukumar Lafiya ta Ƙasa da kuma shagunan sayar da kayayyaki, kafin ta je Jami'ar Strathclyde don yin karatun Turanci da tarihi.  

## Sana'a

### Farkon aikina
Bayan kammala jami'a, McAnea ta yi aiki a Majalisar Birnin Glasgow a matsayin jami'ar gidaje, kafin ta fara aiki da GMB, inda ta shawarci ma'aikata su riƙa ɗaukar ƙararraki a gaban ma'aikatansu.  

### Unison
McAnea ta yi aiki a Unison tun lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 1993. Ta taba yin aiki a Ƙungiyar Jami'an Gwamnati ta Ƙasa da ta Ƙananan Hukumomi (NALGO), da farko a matsayin jami'ar mata, kafin a haɗa ta da Unison.  Ta zama ɗaya daga cikin mataimakan sakatare-janar biyar na Unison a watan Mayu na 2018.

### Babban Sakataren Unison
An zaɓi McAnea don ya maye gurbin Dave Prentis a matsayin Babban Sakataren Unison a ranar 11 ga Janairu 2021, bayan ya lashe kashi 47.7% na kuri'un 'yan majalisar. Prentis ya kasance Babban Sakatare na tsawon shekaru 20. McAnea ya fara aiki a ranar 22 ga Janairu 2021.

A shekarar 2023, McAnea ta kasance ta tara a jerin sunayen  yan takarar shugabancin hagu na *New Statesman*, wanda jaridar ta bayyana a matsayin wanda ke da tasiri sosai a bangaren hagu. 

McAnea zai yi aiki a matsayin Babban Sakataren Unison har zuwa Janairu 2026, bayan ya sha kaye a zaben Sakatare Janar na Unison na 2025 ga Andrea Egan . 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
McAnea tana zaune a kudancin Landan kuma tana da aure.  Tana da 'ya'ya biyu manya.  McAnea memba ce a Jam'iyyar Labour . A farkon shekarun 1980,  memba ce a Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Burtaniya (CPGB).  

## Manazarta
Tashin hankali na Gemma

**Gemma Tumelty** (an haife ta a ranar 20 ga Oktoba 1980) an san ta da zama ƙwararriyar mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam ta Burtaniya da ƙungiyar ƙwadago, wacce ta kasance Shugabar Ƙungiyar Ɗalibai ta Ƙasa (NUS) daga 2006 zuwa 2008. Ta kasance Sakatariyar Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta NUS daga 2005 zuwa 2006, kuma memba ce a Kwamitin Zartarwa na Ƙasa na tsawon shekaru biyu kafin hakan.

Tumelty yanzu shine Daraktan Duniya (Shawara da Sadarwa) a Gidauniyar LEGO .

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Tumelty a Weston-super-Mare, kuma ta girma a Burnham-on-Sea . Ta girma a cikin iyali ɗaya tilo, kuma ta yi karatu a Cheddar .  Iyalin sun ƙaura zuwa Hertfordshire a lokacin ƙuruciyarta, amma sun koma Somerset bayan Gemma da babbar 'yar uwarta sun tafi jami'a. &#x5B; ** &#x5D; Tumelty ya kammala karatunsa a fannin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam daga Jami'ar John Moores ta Liverpool a shekarar 2005. 

## Shugaban NUS
Tumelty a da ita ce Jami'ar Mata sannan kuma Mataimakiyar Shugabar Jin Daɗi a Ƙungiyar Ɗaliban Liverpool .  An zaɓe ta a matsayin Sakatare ta Ƙasa ta NUS a watan Afrilun 2005 a taron NUS da aka yi a Blackpool .

An fara zaɓen Tumelty a matsayin Shugabar NUS a watan Maris na 2006, inda ta kasance shugabar NUS ta farko daga jami'a bayan 1992. [1] Duk da cewa ta kasance memba na Jam'iyyar Labour, ba ta kasance 'yar takarar reshen ɗalibanta ba, 'Yan Daliban Labour, kuma ta tsaya takarar shugaban ƙasa da sunan 'yan ƙasa . [2] Tana cikin ɓangaren 'Yan Daliban da suka yi fice . Akwai wasu 'yan takara shida, ciki har da memba na kamfen ɗin Ilimi Ba don Sayarwa ba, 'yan takara daga Conservative Future da Liberal Democrat Youth and Students, da kuma wasu 'yan takara biyu masu zaman kansu/masu zaman kansu na jam'iyyar Labour.

A shekarar 2006, Tumelty ya jagoranci NUS wajen sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya da Majalisar Ƙungiyar 'Yan Kasuwa (TUC). Sakamakon ƙaruwar adadin ɗaliban da ke ɗaukar aiki don ɗaukar nauyin karatunsu, yarjejeniyar za ta sa NUS da TUC su yi aiki tare don ƙarfafa ɗalibai su shiga ƙungiyar ƙwadago. 

An sake zaɓen Tumelty a ranar 28 ga Maris 2007, kuma ta yi cikakken wa'adi har zuwa Yuli 2008, lokacin da ƙungiyar ɗaliban Labour ta maye gurbinta da Wes Streeting . Abokan hamayyarta a shekarar 2007 su ne Sofie Buckland, memba a ƙungiyar Education Not for Sale kuma jami'i a hukumar gudanarwa ta NUS ta ƙasa, da kuma Rob Owen, memba na RESPECT kuma Sakatare Janar na ƙungiyar ɗaliban Jami'ar Manchester .

Ta rubuta wani rubutu a shafin yanar gizo na mako-mako ga sashen Ilimi na *[[The Guardian|jaridar The Guardian]]* . A shekarar 2006 ta zama shugabar NUS ta farko da ta yi jawabi a taron TUC .

## Manazarta
Madeleine Symons

**Madeleine Jane Symons** (1895 &#x2013; 21 Maris 1957) ta kasance mai shirya ƙungiyar ƙwadago ta Burtaniya .

An haifi Symons a ranar 28 ga Yuli, 1895 a Landan .  Ta yi karatu a kashin kanta kafin ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Newnham, Cambridge, inda ta kammala karatunta a fannin tattalin arziki. Daga nan ta sami aiki tare da Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Mata ta Ƙasa (NUWW),  a matsayin mataimakiyar Mary Macarthur,  kuma ta fara jagorantar tattaunawa kan albashi da yanayi a fannin injiniya.  Ƙungiyar ta zama wani ɓangare na Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Ƙasa, kuma Symons ta zama mataimakiyar Margaret Bondfield . 

A shekarar 1925, Symons ta bayar da belin Robin Page Arnot, wani jigo a Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Burtaniya . [1] Duk da haka, ta kasance fitacciyar 'yar jam'iyyar Labour . Kullum tana kin amincewa da tayin tsayawa takara, ta yi aiki a Kwamitin Zartarwa na Kasa na jam'iyyar. Lokacin da aka zabe ta a shekarar 1922, ita ce mafi karancin shekaru a cikin jam'iyyar NEC, kuma ita ce ta farko da ta kammala karatun jami'a. [2]

Symons ta bar mukaminta na ƙungiyar kwadago a shekarar 1926, bayan haka ta sadaukar da lokacinta ga aikin sa kai.  Ta yi aiki a kwamitocin gwamnati da yawa, musamman waɗanda suka shafi ayyukan jin daɗin yara da kuma shari'ar matasa, kuma ta kasance shugabar Kotunan Matasa na Yammacin London.  Ta kuma kasance mai himma a Howard League for Penal Reform, ƙungiyar Majistare, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar National Union of Societies for Equal Citizenship a tsakiyar shekarun 1920. 

A shekarar 1940, Symons ta auri Farfesa Harold Roper Robinson, ta zama **Madeleine Robinson** . Ya mutu a shekarar 1955, kuma lafiyarta ta ragu da sauri; ta mutu a shekarar 1957, tana da shekaru 61. 

## Manazarta
Elizabeth Symons, Baroness Symons na Vernham Dean

**Elizabeth Conway Symons, Baroness Symons ta Vernham Dean** PC (an haife ta a ranar 14 ga Afrilu 1951) 'yar siyasa ce ta Birtaniya kuma 'yar ƙungiyar kwadago. Mamba ce a Jam'iyyar Labour, ta kasance Ministar Harkokin Gabas ta Tsakiya daga 2001 zuwa 2005. Ita ce tsohuwar Sakatare Janar na Ƙungiyar Ƙwadago ta FDA kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Ƙungiyar Kasuwanci ta Larabawa ta Birtaniya (ABCC) tun daga 2010.

## Rayuwar farko
Diyar Ernest Symons, Shugaban Hukumar Harajin Cikin Gida ta HM, Symons ta yi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta Putney don 'Yan Mata da Kwalejin Girton, Cambridge . Ta kasance mai koyon aiki a fannin gudanarwa a Ma'aikatar Muhalli daga 1974 zuwa 1977. Daga nan ta yi aiki a Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Harajin Cikin Gida daga 1977 zuwa 1989 kuma ta kasance Sakatare Janar na Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Gwamnati ta Sashe na Farko daga 1989 zuwa 1997. Ta yi murabus daga wannan muƙamin bayan naɗinta a matsayin abokiyar aiki.

## Rayuwar siyasa

An naɗa Symons a matsayin abokiyar rayuwar Labour a matsayin **Baroness Symons na Vernham Dean**, *na Vernham Dean a Gundumar Hampshire*, a ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 1996.  Daga Mayu 1997 zuwa Yuni 1999, ta hau muƙamin gwamnati na farko, tana aiki a matsayin ƙaramar Ministar Ofishin Harkokin Waje. Daga 1999 zuwa 2001, ta kasance Ministar Sayen Tsaro ta Jiha, kuma, daga 2001 zuwa 2003, Ministar Kasuwanci . Daga 2001 zuwa 2005, ta kasance Ministar Harkokin Waje tare da alhakin Gabas ta Tsakiya, Tsaron Ƙasa da Ƙasa, Ofishin Jakadanci da Harkokin Kai, da kuma Mataimakiyar Shugabar Majalisar Dattawa .

Symons ta kasance ko kuma ta ci gaba da kasancewa memba na British-American Project (BAP). Tana da membobin shugabanni 600 da kuma waɗanda suka yi fice a fannin ra'ayi, waɗanda aka zabo daidai gwargwado daga ƙasashen biyu, a cewar jaridar The Guardian, kuma tana gudanar da taron shekara-shekara wanda duk abin da aka faɗa a hukumance ba a san shi ba. [1] Tana kuma aiki a kwamitin gwamnonin Gidauniyar Ditchley .

A shekara ta 2001, ta auri abokin aikinta na dogon lokaci, Phil Bassett, tsohon marubuci a *jaridar The Times* . Suna da ɗa ɗaya.  A watan Oktoba na 2002, an naɗa Bassett a Sashen Sadarwa na Dabaru da ke 10 Downing Street, inda ta bar aiki a watan Satumba na 2003 don zama mai ba da shawara na musamman ga Lord Falconer na Thoroton, Lord Chancellor kuma Sakataren Harkokin Tsarin Mulki.

Ita babbar 'yar ƙungiyar sadarwa ce a ƙungiyar shugabannin Turai (ELN). 

## Manazarta
Eleanor Stewart (mai haɗin gwiwar kwadago)

**Eleanor Stewart**, MBE (28 ga Mayu 1889 - 19 ga Mayu 1965) ɗan ƙasar Scotland ne mai rajin kare haƙƙin ƙwadago kuma mai fafutukar siyasa.

## Rayuwa
An haife ta a Glasgow, Stewart ta fara aikinta tun tana da shekaru 12, a matsayin mai ɗaukar madarar ɗan lokaci. Ta shiga cikin haƙƙin ma'aikata tun daga farko, kasancewarta Mai Shirya Mata ga Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata, kuma ma'aikaciyar sa-kai ga Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Mata ta Ƙasa . [1] Ta kasance wakiliya a Majalisar Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Scotland (STUC) a 1916. Wannan shine lokacin Red Clydeside, kuma Stewart ta taka rawa a zanga-zangar adawa da korar masu kula da shaguna masu tsattsauran ra'ayi daga Glasgow. Sakamakon haka, an kai ta kotu, tare da Helen Crawfurd, Willie Gallacher da Emanuel Shinwell . [2] Ta yi aiki a matsayin darektan Asibitin Mata na Royal, da Asibitin Mata na Royal Samaritan a Glasgow. [1]

A shekara ta 1917, an nada Stewart a matsayin Mai shirya Mata na Kungiyar Ma'aikata, kuma a matsayin memba na kwamitin zartarwa na yankin Scotland na Jam'iyyar Labour. Ta shiga cikin Kwamitin Scotland kan Horar da Mata da Aiki.  A shekara ta 1920, ita ce mace ta farko ta Labour da aka zaba a Majalisar Birnin Glasgow, tana wakiltar Maryhill, amma ta rasa kujerarta a shekara mai zuwa. Ta tsaya a Edinburgh North a babban zaben 1924 da 1929 na Burtaniya, amma ba a zabe ta ba.

Kungiyar Ma'aikata ta zama wani ɓangare na Kungiyar Ma-aikata ta Sufuri da Janar, kuma Stewart ta ci gaba a matsayin jami'in mata na Scotland, kuma ta ci gaba da aiki a STUC, inda ta inganta daidaitattun albashi da gabatar da mafi ƙarancin albashi. Ta kasance memba na kafa kwamitin ba da shawara ga mata,  wanda ta jagoranci daga 1933 zuwa 1935, kuma daga 1943 zuwa 1948. 

Daga 1939 zuwa 1944, Stewart ta yi aiki a Kwamitin Zartarwa na Kasa na Jam'iyyar Labour, kuma ta yi aiki ne a kwamitocin gwamnati da yawa. A shekara ta 1947, an sanya ta memba na Order of the British Empire . 

Ta mutu a Glasgow a shekarar 1965.

## Manazarta
Kate Spurrell

**Kate Florence Spurrell** (Maris 1886 - kusan 1968  ) 'yar Birtaniya ce mai rajin kare haƙƙin 'yan kasuwa kuma mai fafutukar gurguzu .

An haife ta a Devonport, Devon, Ingila, Spurrell ta zama malamar makaranta a Plymouth kuma ta shiga Jam'iyyar Liberal da Ƙungiyar Malamai ta Ƙasa (NUT). A shekarar 1918, ta bar Liberal ta shiga Jam'iyyar Labour mai zaman kanta (ILP). An zaɓe ta a matsayin shugabar NUT, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar ta a 1922.  

ILP tana da alaƙa da Jam'iyyar Labour, kuma a Babban zaben 1924, Spurrell ya tsaya a Totnes for Labour, amma ya dauki kashi 6.1% na kuri'un. An sake zabar ta a 1929, lokacin da ta kara yawan kuri'un da ta samu zuwa 12.9%.[1][2] A wannan shekarar, an zabe ta a Majalisar Gudanarwa ta Kasa ta ILP (NAC), wakiltar Kudu maso Yammacin Ingila.[3][4]

A Babban zaben 1931, jam'iyyar Labour Party ta Camborne ta zabi Spurrell a matsayin dan takarar su. ILP ta goyi bayanta, amma shugaban jam'iyyar Labour ya ki tallafa mata. Duk da wannan, ta dauki kashi 24.5% na kuri'un da kuma matsayi na uku mai karfi. Ta sake tsayawa a Babban zaben 1935, amma a wannan lokacin wani dan takarar jam'iyyar Labour ya yi adawa da ita, kuma ta dauki kashi 1.9% na kuri'un.

Spurrell ta rasa kujerarta a NAC ta ILP a 1938,  amma ta ci gaba da aiki a cikin jam'iyyar har zuwa shekarun 1950. A shekara ta 1965, an yi mata tambayoyi ga BBC Home Service game da kwarewarta na tsayawa a matsayin dan takarar ILP a cikin shekarun 1920.

## Manazarta
Ellen Dolly Peters

**Ellen Dolly Peters**, **BEM** (18 Nuwamba 1894 - 1995) malamar Afro-Montserratian ce kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ma'aikata . Ta yi fice a fafutukarta na inganta yanayi ga ma'aikata, ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka aikin siyasa na William Bramble kuma ta sami lakabin "mai yin sarki". Saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga ma'aikata, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Burtaniya Empire kuma an ba ta lambar yabo ta Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice saboda koyarwa da hidimarta ga Cocin Katolika .

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Ellen Dolly a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba, 1894 a ƙauyen St. Patrick's da aka yi watsi da shi yanzu, a tsibirin Montserrat mai aman wuta, wanda a lokacin wani ɓangare ne na Tsibirin Leeward na Burtaniya, ga Rosanna (née O'Garro) da Levons Elias Dolly.   Tana da shekaru 13, ta ƙaura zuwa yankin Gages ta fara koyarwa a Makarantar St. Augustine.  A shekarar 1912, Dolly ta auri Abraham Peters kuma ma'auratan sun ƙaura zuwa ƙauyen Kinsale. Yayin da take ci gaba da koyarwa, ta shiga cikin ƙungiyoyin muhawara. 

## Mai fafutuka
A shekarun 1940, Peters ta fara yin magana game da aikin yara, rashin tsaftar muhalli, da wariyar launin fata .   A shekarar 1946, lokacin da aka kafa kungiyar kwadago ta Montserrat (MTLU), ta shiga kungiyar kuma ta yi amfani da kwarewarta wajen muhawara  don jaddada yadda ayyukan kwadago na tsarin mulkin dimokuradiyya ke cin zarafin masu raba gonaki da ma'aikata a tsibirin.  Ba kamar mutane da yawa da ke jin tsoron fuskantar ajin masu mulki na tattalin arziki ba,  Peters ya ci gaba da bin tsarin aiki mai adalci da biyan ma'aikata da kuma inganta yanayin da suke aiki a ciki. 

Ganin cewa iya magana da kuma jinsinta zai hana ta tsayawa takarar mukamai na gwamnati, [1] Peters ya sanya tasirinta mai yawa a bayan William Bramble, wanda zai zama Babban Ministan Montserrat na farko, [1] lokacin da Bramble ya kalubalanci shugaban ƙungiyar a wancan lokacin, Robert Griffith a 1951. Peters ya goyi bayan Bramble, domin ta ga Bramble a matsayin mutum mai himma da shirin ciyar da ƙasar gaba da kuma magance rashin daidaito a cikin aji . [1] Da zarar Bramble ya sami jagoranci a MTLU, ya yi amfani da matsayin a matsayin abin da zai taimaka wa ofishin siyasa kuma ya fara fafutukar neman mukamai na gwamnati a 1952. [1] [1]

Peters ya yi fafutukar ganin an zaɓi Bramble  kuma an san shi da rubuta jawabansa mafi shahara.  Lokacin da ya lashe zaɓen, an yaba wa Peters a matsayin "mai yin sarki" kuma a shekarar 1954 aka ɗaukaka shi zuwa babban sakatare na MTLU. Ta yi aiki a wannan matsayin har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a shekarar 1968.   Lokacin da ta yi ritaya, Peters ta fara aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga matasa ga Ƙungiyar Social League of Catholic Women. A shekarar 1980, an karrama ta da Order of Merit daga Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Montserrat Allied. A shekarar 1983, Peters ta sami lambar yabo ta British Empire saboda aikinta na ƙungiyar kwadago kuma a shekara mai zuwa, an karrama ta da Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice saboda ayyukanta na malami da kuma aikin coci.  

## Manazarta
Sarah Wesker

**Sarah Wesker** (1901 &#x2013; 1971) ƙwararriyar ƙungiyar kwadago ce da ke aiki a masana'antar tufafi a Gabashin London a shekarun 1920 da 1930.

## Tarihin rayuwa
Wesker ya girma a cikin Rothschild Buildings, wani yanki na gidaje a Spitalfields, wanda yawancin iyalai na Yahudawa suka yi hayar. Ta kasance a cikin kwamitin zartarwa na National Union of Tailors and Garment Workers (NUTGW) kafin ta shiga kungiyar kwadago ta United Ladies Tailors (ULTTU), kungiyar kwadago ce ta Yahudawa.

Wesker ya shiga cikin shirya yajin aiki da yawa da ma'aikatan tufafi suka yi a Gabashin Gabas. A masana'antar wando ta Goodman a 1926, inda ta yi aiki a matsayin mai sarrafa kayan aiki, ta jagoranci ma'aikatan mata a cikin tafiya da ke buƙatar farthing biyu.[1] A cikin 1928 ta shirya matasan mata 600 a Rego Factory a Bethnal Green Road . Yajin aikin ya dauki makonni 12 har sai ma'aikata suka ci nasara a Kirsimeti. Kamar yadda shugabancin kasa na NUTGW bai amince da yajin aikin ba, ma'aikatan sun tara kudi ta hanyar raira waƙoƙin "waƙoƙin yajin aiki" da tattara kuɗi a kusa da London, ayyukan da Wesker ya shirya.[2] A shekara ta 1929 ta dauki muhimmiyar rawa a yajin aikin a Polikoff, wani masana'anta a 148-160 Mare Street a Hackney . A can kuma masu yajin aiki sun raira waƙa.[3] A cikin 1930 ta jagoranci yajin aiki a masana'antar Simpson, kuma a Hackney . [4]

A cikin 1929, Wesker ya kasance memba na kafa kungiyar ma'aikatan tufafi ta United (UCWU). Ita ce kadai mace a cikin kwamitin zartarwa, kuma daga baya ta zama mai shirya mata na cikakken lokaci. UCWU ta shiga cikin NUTGW a cikin 1935. Wesker ta sake zama a kwamitin zartarwa na NUTGW kuma nadin da aka yi mata a 1937 a matsayin mai shirya mata na NUTW ya nuna sabon tsarin ga ma'aikatan mata. Ta taimaka wa mata su zama masu tsarawa a cikin manyan masana'antu da yawa.

An zabi Wesker a cikin kwamitin tsakiya na Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Burtaniya a majalisa ta 12 a 1932. Tare da wasu mata, ta shiga cikin Yakin Cable Street a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 1936. 

Wesker ya iya Turanci da Yiddish kuma an san shi da mai magana da wuta, wanda zai iya karfafawa tsofaffin mata ma'aikata a masana'antu. Mawallafin wasan kwaikwayo Arnold Wesker dan uwanta ne, kuma ya kafa halin Sarah a cikin wasan kwaikwayonsa Chicken Soup tare da Barley a kan kawunsa.

## Manazarta
Cathy Warwick (mai juna biyu)

**Dame Catherine Lilian** " **Cathy** " **Warwick** DBE ungozoma ce 'yar ƙasar Scotland, shugabar ƙungiyar ƙwadago, kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin zubar da ciki. Ta kasance Babbar Jami'ar Kwalejin Ungozoma ta Royal daga 2008 zuwa 2017.  Ita ce kuma Shugabar Amintattu ta BPAS, ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu samar da ayyukan zubar da ciki a Burtaniya.

Ta sami digiri na jinya daga Jami'ar Edinburgh a 1975, kuma ta kammala karatun shekara guda a Asibitin Sarauniya Charlotte a shekara ta 1976. [1] Ita Farfesa ce mai daraja a makarantar King's College London School of Midwifery . An nada ta CBE don sabis na kiwon lafiya a cikin girmamawar ranar haihuwar 2006 kuma an ɗaukaka ta zuwa DBE a cikin girmamawa na Sabuwar Shekara ta 2018.

Ta zauna a kan kwamishinan Firayim Minista mai zaman kansa a cikin jinya da haihuwa wanda ya buga Front Line Care (Report) a cikin 2010. 

Ta kasance ta shida a cikin jerin sunayen shugabannin asibiti na Jornal Health Service a shekarar 2015.  A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2014, ta jagoranci yajin aiki na farko da masu juna biyu suka yi a Ingila.

Warwick kuma mace ce wacce ta goyi bayan imanin cewa ya kamata mata su iya yin nasu zabi ba tare da la'akari da abin da waɗannan zaɓuɓɓuka zasu iya zama ba.

## Manazarta
Marian Veitch

**Marian Veitch** (8 ga Yuli 1913 - 24 ga Yuli 1973) 'yar Birtaniya ce kuma 'yar siyasa.

An haife shi a Sheffield, Veitch ya halarci Huntsman's Gardens School kafin ya yi aiki a matsayin magatakarda na inshora. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin Jam'iyyar Labour kuma, daga baya, ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Ruskin . 

A shekara ta 1945, an zabi Veitch a Majalisar Birnin Sheffield, yana aiki yayin da yake ci gaba da aiki a matsayin magatakarda. A wannan lokacin, ta yi sha'awar ilimin yara nakasassu. A babban zaben Burtaniya na 1951, ta tsaya a Leeds North West, ta dauki matsayi na biyu tare da kashi 37.5% na kuri'un.

Ta yi murabus daga duka majalisa da aikinta a matsayin magatakarda a 1956, don ɗaukar cikakken matsayi na Mai shirya Gundumar Yorkshire tare da Ƙungiyar Janar da Ma'aikatan Municipal. A shekara ta 1960, an inganta ta ta zama jami'in mata na kasa.

Veitch ta shiga cikin zartarwa na Confederation of Shipbuilding and Engineering Unions a shekarar 1962, mace daya tilo da ta yi aiki a ciki a wannan lokacin. Ta kuma kasance mai aiki a cikin Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Ƙasa ta Duniya kuma ta yi aiki a Kwamitin Ka'idojin Abinci daga 1965 zuwa 1968. [1]

A shekara ta 1965, Veitch ta auri Donald Barnie, malami a Hendon Polytechnic. Ta yi ritaya daga mukaman kungiyar a shekarar 1970. 

## Manazarta
Pat Turner (mai haɗin gwiwa)

**Patricia Turner** OBE (14 ga Mayu 1927 &#x2013; 22 ga Yuli 2000) ta kasance mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ma'aikata a Birtaniya .

Turner ta yi karatu a Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta Landan kafin ta zama malamar ilimin zamantakewa ta masana'antu. A shekarar 1969, ta zama mai ba da shawara ga Ma'aikata da Ayyukan Samarwa, sannan aka naɗa ta a matsayin Babbar Jami'ar Hulɗa da Masana'antu ta Hukumar Hulɗa da Masana'antu. A shekarar 1971, ta zama Jami'ar Mata ta Ƙasa ta Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Janar da ta Karamar Hukuma (GMWU), sannan ta shiga majalisar zartarwa ta Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Gina Jiragen Ruwa da Injiniya (CSEU), da kuma Hukumar Horar da Masana'antar Injiniya. [1]

Daga 1973, Turner ta yi aiki a cikin zartarwa na Hukumar Mata ta Kasa, kuma a 1976 ta shiga Kwamitin Arbitration na Tsakiya. A wannan lokacin, ta zama Jami'in Masana'antu na Kasa na GMWU, kuma a cikin 1981, an zabe ta zuwa Babban Majalisar Tarayyar Kasuwanci. A wannan shekarar, an kuma sanya ta Jami'in Order of the British Empire . A cikin 1982/83, ta kasance Shugabar CSEU, daga 1985 ta yi aiki a Hukumar Daidaitawa kuma daga 1987 a Kotun daukaka kara ta aiki.

Turner ta yi ritaya daga mukaman kungiyar kwadago a shekarar 1989, amma ta kasance a wasu mukamanta da yawa, ta tsaya daga na karshe a shekarar 1998. 

## Manazarta
Rita Donaghy, Baroness Donaghy

**Rita Margaret Donaghy, Baroness Donaghy**, CBE, FRSA (an haife ta a ranar 9 ga Oktoba, 1944) shugabar jami'a ce ta Burtaniya, mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ƙwadago kuma abokiyar hulɗa da jama'a ta Labour a Majalisar Iyaye .

Donaghy ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Durham .  Ta yi aiki a Cibiyar Ilimi, Jami'ar London, a matsayin Mataimakin Mai Rijista kuma daga baya a matsayin Sakatare na Dindindin ga Ƙungiyar Dalibai. Ta zama mai aiki a cikin ƙungiyar kwadago ta NALGO, ta zama memba na Babban Jami'inta na Kasa a 1973 kuma ta zama Shugaba a 1989/90. Ta kasance memba na Babban Majalisar Tarayyar Kasuwanci daga 1989 - wakiltar NALGO, wanda ya haɗu ya zama UNISON a 1993 - kuma an sanya shi Shugaban TUC a 2000.

A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2000 ta bar mukamin kungiyar kwadago a lokacin da aka nada ta a matsayin shugabar hukumar sulhu ta masana'antu ta ACAS, mukamin da ta rike har zuwa shekara ta 2007.  Ta yi aiki a Kwamitin kan Ka'idoji a Rayuwar Jama'a (Kwamitin Nolan) daga 2001 har zuwa 2007,  a takaice a matsayin Shugaban bayan wa'adin shekaru uku na Sir Alistair Graham ya ƙare. 

Ta kasance memba na Hukumar Kula da Ƙananan Albashi [1] da kuma Kotun Ayyuka kuma ta jagoranci Taron Kula da Naƙasassu na TUC . [2] A shekara ta 2009, an gayyaci Donaghy don gudanar da bincike game da mutuwar da ke da alaƙa da aiki a masana'antar gine-gine, wanda rahotonsa da aka buga a shekara ta 2010 ya ƙunshi shawarwari da yawa don inganta aminci a masana'antu.[3]

Ita ce shugabar kwamitin kula da rarraba Mesothelioma kuma memba ne na kungiyar ba da shawara kan kasuwanci ta Jami'ar Birmingham . 

## Daraja
An ba Donaghy lambar yabo ta OBE a shekarar 1998 don hidimomi ga alaƙar masana'antu, da CBE a shekarar 2005 don hidimomin alaƙar aiki. Tana da Dokta na girmamawa daga Jami'ar Open (2003), Jami'ar Keele (2004)  da Jami'ar Greenwich (2005).  A shekara ta 2003 an ba ta kyautar Fellowship na Cibiyar Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, sannan a shekara ta 2004 ta Fellowsship na Royal Society of Arts (FRSA).

An sanar da matsayinta na daidaito a cikin Jerin girmamawa na Rarrabawar 2010.  An kirkiro ta **Baroness Donaghy**, na Peckham a cikin London Borough of Southwark, a ranar 26 ga Yuni 2010. 

## Manazarta
Miss Diva 2018

**Miss Diva bugu na 6** ya faru ne a ranar 31 ga Agusta 2018. [1] Manyan ƴan takara 19 da aka zaɓa daga Indiya sun fafata a gasar, waɗanda Miss Universe 2000, Lara Dutta ta jagoranta. A karshen taron, Miss Universe India 2017, Shraddha Shashidhar ta lashe Nehal Chudasama a matsayin magajinta. [2] Ta wakilci Indiya a 67th Miss Universe 2018 pageant da aka gudanar a Bangkok, Thailand a kan 16 Disamba 2018. [3] A daidai wannan taron, Aditi Hundia ya lashe kambi a matsayin Miss Diva - Supranational 2018 kuma Roshni Sheoran ya lashe kambi a matsayin mai tsere. Miss Universe 2017, Demi-Leigh Nel-Peters ta kasance memba na juri. Miss Supranational 2017, Jenny Kim kuma ta yaba da taron. [4] [5] Wannan kuma shine karo na farko na miss diva pageant wanda aka watsa wasan karshe a telebijin a wannan rana.

## Sakamakon karshe

### Kyaututtuka na Musamman

## Manazarta
Miss Diva 2017

**Miss Diva** bugu na 5 ya gudana ne a ranar 11 ga Oktoba 2017. Manyan ‘yan takara 15 da aka zaba daga Indiya ne suka fafata a gasar. 

Dukkanin masu fafatawa sun sami jagorancin Miss Universe 2000 Lara Dutta . A cikin jerin abubuwan da suka faru na 6 akwai jerin ƙalubale inda aka ba masu hamayya maki. A ƙarshen kashi na 5 an kawar da masu fafatawa 3 tare da mafi ƙarancin maki 3 kuma sauran masu fafatawar 12 sun ci gaba zuwa ƙarshe wanda shine karo na 6.

A wasan karshe da aka gudanar a ranar 11 ga Oktoba 2017, Roshmitha Harimurthy tare da Miss Universe 2016 Iris Mittenaere ta naɗa Shraddha Shashidhar a matsayin Miss Universe Indiya 2017, yayin da Srinidhi Shetty ta naɗa Peden Ongmu a matsayin Miss Supranational India 2017 kuma Aradhana Buragohain ta naɗa Apeksha Porwal a matsayin Miss Diva 2017 2nd runner up. Wadanda suka lashe gasar biyu sun wakilci Indiya a Miss Universe 2017, Miss Supranational 2017.

## Sakamakon karshe

; Maɓallan launi 

### Kyaututtuka na Musamman

## Manazarta
Vera Wentworth

**Vera Wentworth** (an haife ta **Jessie Alice Spink,** 14 Maris 1890 - 5 Agusta 1957) 'Yar Birtaniya ce mai rajin kare haƙƙin mata, ma'aikaciyar jinya kuma marubuciyar wasan kwaikwayo. Ta taka ƙofa ta yi wa Firayim Minista duka sau biyu. An tsare ta saboda hana mata 'yancin walwala sau bakwai kuma an tilasta mata cin zarafi, bayan haka ta rubuta "Three Months in Holloway."

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Wentworth a shekara ta 1890,  ga Harry Laing Spink da matarsa, Rachel Amanda Spink (née Goode). Tana da ɗan'uwa ɗaya, ɗan'uwa mai suna William Wilfrid Spink kuma mahaifinta yana da shagon likitoci. Bayan ta bar makaranta ta sami aiki a cikin shagon da ke ci gaba da zama mai aiki a cikin ƙungiyar kwadago. A shekara ta 1907, ta canza sunanta zuwa Vera Wentworth,  watakila saboda iyayenta sun kunyata da ta shiga cikin ƙungiyar suffragette.  Ta fara zama tare da Caprina Fahey a London.

## Yunkurin neman zabe

### Kaddamarwa a Landan
A cikin 1908 Wentworth ta shiga kungiyar mata ta zamantakewa da siyasa (WSPU). An kama ta da sauri tana zanga-zanga a waje da House of Commons .  Hukuncin da aka yanke mata ya kasance makonni shida a kurkuku kuma an kara karin rana ga hukuncin Wentworth bayan ta zana "Votes for Women" a cikin bangon tantanin ta tare da gashin gashi. Bayan an sake shi, Mary Blathwayt ta sadu da Wentworth da sauransu, ta fara abota mai tsawo tsakanin matan biyu.

Wentworth ta shiga wata kungiya ta sirri da ake kira Young Hot Bloods, wacce ta yi alkawarin yin "aikin haɗari" da sunan mata.[1] Daga cikin tsofaffin 'yan mata, Emmeline Pankhurst ne kawai aka ba da izinin zama a taronsu a shagon shayi a Strand na London. Tsohon mai ba da izini Emily Blathwayt ya sami Wentworth mai ban sha'awa amma mai taurin kai har ta kira ta "matashi mai ba da shawara da muka sani". Rebecca West ta bayyana ta a matsayin "ƙaramin tsoro, maimakon kyakkyawar yarinya". [2]

A watan Yuni an sake kama ta saboda zanga-zanga a waje da House of Commons. A wannan lokacin an ba ta hukuncin watanni uku, bayan haka ta buga "Ya kamata mata Kirista su nemi kuri'a" da "Watanni uku a Holloway". Wentworth marubuciya ce mai burin halartar jami'a, kuma memba ne na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Mata.

### Ziyarar zuwa Bristol

## Manazarta
Anita Halpin

**Anita E. Halpin** (an haife ta a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1944) 'yar kwaminisanci ce ta Ingila kuma mai fafutukar kungiyar kwadago ta zuriyar Jamus-Yahudawa wacce ta ci nasara wajen dawo da zane-zane da Nazis suka sace daga kakanta, Alfred Hess, a cikin shekarun 1930. Ayyuka da yawa, kamar su Berlin Street Scene (1913) na Ernst Ludwig Kirchner da Nude na Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, an mayar da su gare ta kuma daga baya aka sayar da su; tsohon an sayar da shi a gwanjo don £ 20.5 miliyan ga Neue Galerie New York, wanda kuma ya biya sama da £ 1 miliyan ga Halpin don Nude.

## Rayuwa ta farko da iyali
An haifi Anita E. Hess a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1944, a asibitin New End, Hampstead, London. Mahaifinta shine Hans Hess, mataimakin mai kula da tsohon gidan kayan gargajiya na Leicester da Art Gallery, wanda ya yi hijira zuwa Ingila a 1933 ta hanyar sansanin fursunoni na Kanada. Mahaifiyarta ita ce Lillie Ester Hess (née Williams), magatakarda na injiniya tare da kakan Jamus (a gefen mahaifinta). Sun sadu ta hanyar abokai Yahudawa kuma an bayyana su duka a matsayin masu hagu na siyasa. Anita ita kaɗai ce ɗa.

Kakanta shi ne Jamusanci-Yahudawa Alfred Hess, mai yin takalma a Erfurt, [1] wanda masana'anta ta kasance Aryanised bayan 1933, wanda tare da matarsa Tekla (1884-1968), mai suna Pauson, suna da tarin fasaha na kusan 4,000 ayyukan da ke dauke da muhimman ayyukan Expressionist na Jamus kuma Nazis sun sace shi a cikin shekarun 1930. [2] Bayan rasuwar mijinta a 1931, Tekla Hess ta zagaya Turai, tana sayar da zane-zane daga tarin don biyan hanyar ta kuma ta aika wasu ga ɗanta Hans, kafin ta yi hijira har abada zuwa Ingila a 1938. Hans ya yi ƙoƙari ya sayar da wasu zane-zanen bayan ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu amma babu masu siye. An yi siyar da zane-zanen iyali a Marlborough Gallery a 1977 bayan mutuwar Hans a 1975 da Lillie a 1976.[3][4]

Anita ta yi karatu a makarantar Queen Anne Grammar School a York sannan ta karanta falsafar a Kwalejin Jami'ar, London kafin ta kammala MA a Tarihin Ideas a Jami'ar Sussex .  A shekara ta 1974 ta auri Kevin Halpin wanda ta sadu da shi a wani taron kungiyar kwadago. Suna da ɗa, Boris, mai dafa abinci wanda shine mahaifin yara biyu.

## Ayyuka

Bayan karatunta, Halpin ta dauki karamin matsayi a kamfanin wallafe-wallafen Jamus wanda aka shirya ta hanyar hulɗar mahaifinta amma ba ta jin daɗin kasancewa a kasar ba. Ta koma London inda ta shirya mujallar kiwon lafiya, ta shiga kungiyar 'yan jarida ta kasa, kuma ta fara shiga cikin ƙungiyar kwadago, ta sa imanin siyasa ya yi tauri.

## Manazarta
Shahadar Ascott

**Shahadar Ascott** mata ne 16 daga ƙauyen Ascott-under-Wychwood a Oxfordshire, Ingila waɗanda aka ɗaure su a 1873 saboda rawar da suka taka wajen kafa reshe na Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Aikin Gona ta Kasa.

## Bayani
An kafa Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Noma ta Ƙasa a Warwickshire a shekarar 1872, ƙarƙashin jagorancin mai wa'azin Methodist na Farko Joseph Arch . Tallafi ya yaɗu zuwa wasu sassan ƙasar, kuma a shekarar 1873 mutanen Ascott-under-Wychwood suka kafa reshen sabuwar ƙungiyar.

## Lamarin
Mista Hambidge na Crown Farm, Ascott ya kori mutanensa da suka shiga ƙungiyar kuma ya ɗauki maza daga ƙauyen Ramsden da ke makwabtaka da su a matsayin masu karya yajin aiki. Matan Ascott sun yi ƙoƙarin shawo kan mazan Ramsden su shiga ƙungiyar tare da hana su yin aiki ga Mista Hambidge. An kama matan aka kai su Chipping Norton inda a ranar 20 ga Mayu 1873 aka tuhume su da "hana John Hodgkins da John Miller aiki da nufin tilasta musu barin aikinsu". Revd T. Harris da Revd WE Carter, alkalai biyu, sun saurari ƙarar. Sun nemi Mista Hambidge, manomi da kada ya ci gaba da gurfanar da shi, amma ya dage kan tuhume-tuhumen da ake yi masa. Matan da ake ganin su ne jagororin ƙungiyar, waɗanda lauya bai kare su ba, an yanke musu hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku da aiki mai wahala, bakwai daga cikinsu na tsawon kwanaki 10, sannan tara daga cikin matan na tsawon kwanaki 7. Wata jarida a shekarar 1873 ta buga labarin a ƙarƙashin taken, "Tashin Hankali a Chipping Norton". 

Mata bakwai da aka daure na tsawon kwanaki 10 da naƙuda mai wahala su ne: Martha Maria Smith mai shekaru 45, Rebecca Smith mai shekaru 25, Mary Moss (wanda aka fi sani da Smith) mai shekaru 17, Charlotte Moss mai shekaru 39, Ann Susan Moss mai shekaru 25, Ann Moss mai shekaru 22 da Fanny Honeybone 'yar shekara 16 kacal.

Mata tara da aka yanke wa hukuncin ɗaurin kwanaki 7 tare da naƙuda su ne: Elizabeth Pratley, mai shekaru 29, Mary Pratley mai shekaru 33, Ellen Pratley mai shekaru 25, Lavinia Dring, mai shekaru 44, Amelia Moss mai shekaru 36, Martha Moss, mai shekaru 33, Caroline Moss, mai shekaru 18, Jane Moss mai shekaru 31 da Mary Moss mai shekaru 35.

Da ƙarfe 9 na dare a ranar 20 ga Mayu 1873, taron mutane 1,000 sun kewaye Kotun 'Yan Sanda . Sun yi ƙoƙarin 'yantar da matan ba tare da wani sakamako ba, suna karya fitilun titi da tagogi. Tashin hankalin ya ci gaba na tsawon awanni biyu.

An tsare matan a gidajen yari biyu masu duhu har zuwa ƙarfe 1 na safe. Da 'yan sanda suka gamsu cewa taron jama'a ya watse kuma an kawo ƙarin sojoji daga Oxford, an kai mata 16 a cikin rigar doki guda huɗu zuwa gidan yarin Oxford . Biyu daga cikin matan suna da ƙananan yara tare da su, Elizabeth Pratley tana da ɗa na wata 7, Mary Pratley kuma tana da ɗa na makonni 10. An kai su cikin sanyi da dare ba tare da kayan ɗumi ba, matan sun yi iya ƙoƙarinsu don kare jarirai da laima. Sauran yaran matan sun sami kulawar maƙwabta da reshen Milton-under-Wychwood na Union, yayin da aka tsare matan.

## Manazarta
Lesley Mercer

**Helen Lesley Mercer** (an haife ta a watan Agustan shekara ta 1954 ) tsohuwar 'yar kungiyar kwadago ce ta Burtaniya.

An haife ta a Great Harwood, Mercer ta yi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta Accrington don 'yan mata da Jami'ar Nottingham . A shekara ta 1977, ta zama mataimakiyar jami'in bincike tare da kungiyar 'yan ruwa da' yan jirgin sama. Daga baya ta yi aiki ga Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Ma'aikatan Jama'a da Jama'a, sannan a cikin 1995 ta fara aiki ga Chartered Society of Physiotherapy (CSP). A shekara ta 2005, an nada ta a matsayin shugabar aikin kungiyar kwadago ta CSP.

An zaɓe Mercer a Majalisar Janar ta Ƙungiyar 'Yan Kasuwa (TUC) a shekara ta 2000, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar TUC daga 2012 zuwa 2013, wakiliyar farko ta wata ƙungiya ta ƙwararru da ta riƙe wannan muƙamin. Ta kuma yi aiki a Kwamitin Sulhu na Tsakiya da kuma ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Ƙungiyar Haɗin Gwiwa ta NHS. [1] [2] Ta yi ritaya a shekara ta 2014, [3] amma ta zama darakta mai riƙon amana na Nautilus International, inda ta sami lambar yabo ta Nevins da Griffiths a shekara ta 2025. [4]

## Manazarta
Joanne Thomas (mai haɗin gwiwar kwadago)

**Joanne Thomas** ƴar ƙungiyar kwadago ce ta Birtaniya wadda ta yi aiki a matsayin Sakatare Janar na Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata Masu Shago, Rarrabawa da Haɗaka .  An zaɓe ta a watan Afrilun 2025, ta zama shugabar ƙungiyar mace ta farko kuma ta fara aiki bayan ritayar Paddy Lillis a watan Yulin 2025.   Ta fara aikin a hukumance a ranar 28 ga Yulin 2025. 

## Rayuwar farko da aiki
Thomas ya girma a Shiney Row, wani tsohon ƙauyen hakar ma'adinai kusa da Durham . [1] Ta shiga Usdaw a matsayin wakilin wurin aiki yayin da take aiki a dillalin dillali Makro, daga baya ta zama Mai Shirya Yanki a Newcastle sannan ta zama Sakatare na Yankin Arewa maso Gabashin ƙungiyar. [2] [3] An ɗaukaka ta a shekaru 21 a matsayin ƙaramar Mai Shirya Yanki na ƙungiyar, wacce ke da alhakin membobi sama da 4,500 da kuma wakilan wurin aiki sama da 100. [2]

Bayan ayyukanta na ƙungiyar kwadago, Thomas ta yi aiki a Kwamitin Zartarwa na Ƙasa na Jam'iyyar Labour kuma ta jagoranci kwamitin shirya taron; ta kuma kasance shugabar yankin TUC Yorkshire da Humber.  

## Babban Sakataren Usdaw
Usdaw ya sanar da zaɓen Thomas ba tare da hamayya ba a matsayin Babban Sakataren a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2025. Ƙungiyar ta bayyana cewa Babban Sakataren Janar Paddy Lillis mai barin gado zai yi ritaya a ranar 25 ga Yuli, 2025, inda Thomas zai gaje shi.  Ta fara aiki a ranar 28 ga Yuli, 2025. 

Usdaw ya bayyana kansa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin TUC da ke bunƙasa cikin sauri kuma ƙungiyar kwadago ta biyar mafi girma a Burtaniya, tare da mambobi kusan 360,000.  

## Ra'ayoyi da abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci
Kafin ta hau mulki, Thomas ta ce tana son Usdaw ta sami “mafita masu amfani” yayin da fasahar kere-kere ke faɗaɗa a cikin harkokin kasuwanci, da kuma haɓaka tsari a cikin tattalin arzikin manyan kamfanoni.   Ta yi jayayya cewa ya kamata a yi la'akari da harajin dukiya don samar da kuɗi ga al'umma mai adalci kuma ta ce Usdaw zai “kama ƙafafun Labour” idan ya zama dole yayin da yake maraba da Dokar Haƙƙin Aiki da ke shigowa. 

## Manazarta
Stella Fakiyesi

**Stella Fakiyesi** Listenⓘ (an haife ta a shekara ta 1971) 'yar Najeriya ce Mai daukar hoto, mai daukar hoto kuma mai zane. Ayyukan Fakiyesi a cikin daukar hoto da zane-zane an nuna su a yawancin nune-nunen kasa da kasa.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Fakiyesi a Najeriya. Ta yi karatun daukar hoto a Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Ontario daga 1993 zuwa 1997. [1] Bayan kammala karatunta a shekarar 1997, Fakiyesi ta fara aiki a kan aikinta na solo a Toronto, Kanada.[2][3][4][5] Ta kafa kuma ta gudanar da SOF Art House, wani gallery da kuma hadin gwiwar aiki ga masu daukar hoto a Toronto daga 1999 zuwa 2005. [6]

## Zaɓuɓɓukan nune-nunen

* 2019 Ra'ayoyin Ƙaunar Cibiyar Harbourfront 
* 2018 - 2019 Duk abin da ya rage ya kasance Art Gallery of Sudbury  
* 2018 Duk abin da ya rage ya kasance Raw McMichael Gallery .  
* 2016 *Matsayi Kamar yadda ake so* yana Binciken Gidan Tarihin Tarihin Afirka na Windsor.
* 2012 *Matsayi Kamar yadda ake so* a Gidan Tarihi na Shige da Fice na Kanada Halifax, Nova Scotia . 
* 2010 - 2011 *Matsayi Kamar yadda ake so* Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) Toronto, Kanada.
* 2005 *Amiala* da Harbourfront Center Toronto, Kanada.
* 1998- 2000 Tarihin Hotunan Afirka daga 1840 zuwa Kungiyar yanzu ta nuna Paris, São Paulo, Mexico City, Washington, DC, Cape Town, Afirka ta Kudu.
* 1999 Hoton ƙungiyar Afrika ya nuna Haus Der Kulturen Der Welt, Berlin.

## Dubi kuma

* Ade Adekola
* Nengi Omuku

## Manazarta
Jeannie Mole

**Harriet Fisher Mole** (née Jones; 2 ga Mayu 1841 - 15 ga Afrilu 1912), wanda aka fi sani da **Jeannie**, 'yar gurguzu ce ta Burtaniya, mai shirya mata, kuma mai shirya ƙungiyar kwadago a Liverpool . Da ya isa can a shekara ta 1879, Mole ya taimaka wajen kawo kwaminisanci zuwa Liverpool, da kuma kafa al'ummomi da yawa don karfafa kungiyoyin kwadago tsakanin ma'aikatan mata na Liverpool. Ta goyi bayan yajin aiki don inganta yanayin ma'aikata, musamman don cire tarar.

Mole kuma ya kasance mai goyon bayan gyaran tufafi, ya kafa motar abinci ta gurguzu kuma ya ba da shawara a binciken mai bincike ga dangin wata mace da aka kashe a hatsarin masana'antu, tabbatar da cewa iyalin sun sami diyya kuma suna ƙarfafa juriya su ba da shawarar ingantaccen tsaro a matsayin wani ɓangare na hukuncin.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Harriet Fisher Jones a ranar 2 ga Mayu, 1841 a Warrington ga mahaifinta, Evan Jones, wani mai gyaran tins, da matarsa, Harriet Jones. Yayin da ita da mahaifiyarta suke da suna ɗaya, ta fi shahara da Jeannie. A shekarar 1860, ta auri wani mai sayar da 'ya'yan itace, Robert Willis, kuma ma'auratan sun yi tafiya zuwa birnin New York, inda ta nuna sha'awar ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin baƙar fata .  Bayan ta dawo Ingila, ita da mijinta sun zauna a Landan kuma sun haifi ɗa, Robert Frederick Evan Willis, wanda aka fi sani da Fred. Willis ya shafe lokaci yana taimaka wa talakawa a cikin unguwannin talakawa na Landan.  Ayyukan Thomas Carlyle da John Ruskin sun yi tasiri sosai a kanta, wanda hakan ya sa ta hau kan hanyar gurguzu. 

A ƙarshen shekarun 1870, Willis ta saki mijinta ta sake yin aure.  Sabon mijinta wani ɗan kasuwar 'ya'yan itace ne, William Keartland Mole, wanda shi ma ɗan wani attajiri ne mai sayar da kayan ado na Liverpool.  William yana da shekaru 22 a lokacin, kuma ɗan Mole, da ɗan'uwanta suka shaida auren. Iyalin sun ƙaura zuwa Liverpool, suna zaune a Bold Street .  A can ne ta fara burinta na inganta rayuwar waɗanda ke cikin talauci a cikin Liverpool. 

Mole ta kamu da bugun zuciya a shekarar 1896, wataƙila saboda yawan aiki da kuma rashin lafiyar da ta biyo baya ya sa ta janye daga aikin ƙungiya a shekara mai zuwa.  Ɗanta, Fred, ya mutu a shekarar 1905. A ranar 15 ga Afrilu, 1912, yayin da yake hutu a Paris, Mole ta mutu. 

## Aikin mata da gurguzu
Da ta sami 'yan gurguzu shida kacal a Liverpool, Mole ta fara tarurrukan farfaganda a gidanta tare da goyon bayan mijinta da ɗanta. [1] Waɗannan tarurrukan sun haifar da kafa ƙungiyar 'Yan'uwa Masu Aiki a 1886 [2], [3] ƙungiyar gurguzu ta farko a Liverpool. Ƙungiyar 'Yan'uwa, duk da cewa ba ta sami adadi mai yawa ba, ta ci gaba da taimakawa wajen kafa reshen ƙungiyar Fabian ta Liverpool a 1892. [1] Mole ta zama mataimakiyar shugabar ƙungiyar Fabian ta Liverpool a 1895. [4] Ta kuma mai da hankali kan ƙarin hanyoyin magance matsalolin zamantakewa, misali, samar da kuɗin "motar abinci ta gurguzu" akan farashin £55 6s 5d [5] [note 1] da kuma yin kamfen don "zauren jama'a" a Liverpool don ajin ma'aikata. [6] [7]

## Manazarta
Anna Irene Von Sholly

**Anna Irene Von Sholly** (23 ga Oktoba, 1877 - 18 ga Satumba, 1964) likita ce ta Amurka kuma mai ba da gudummawa daga Birnin New York wacce ta ba da gudana tare da Asibitocin Mata na Ƙasashen Duniya a Faransa a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na I. Gwamnatin Faransa ta girmama Von Sholry tare da Croix de Guerre a 1918 saboda jaruntakar aikinta na kula da sojoji da suka ji rauni yayin da take ƙarƙashin wuta a Château Ognon . 

## Iyali da ilimi
An haifi Von Sholly a Flushing, Queens, New York, a ranar 23 ga Oktoba, 1877, ga Gustavus Adolph Von Sholry da Sarah Jacobs .  Ta kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Barnard a 1898 da Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Cornell a 1902. 

## Ayyuka
Von Sholly ya ji daɗin aiki mai tsawo da nasara a matsayin likita a Birnin New York. Wani jagora mai aiki, Von Sholly ya ba da shawara ga kiwon lafiya da jin daɗin mata da yara. Ta kasance darektan likitan yara a New York Infirmary for Women and Children, ta yi aiki a Hukumar Lafiya ta Birnin New York, ta kasance mai ba da shawara a Asibitin Bellevue, kuma abokiyar Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta New York.

A lokacin yakin duniya na farko, Von Sholly ta taimaka wajen shirya asibitin mata na kasashen waje (WOH), ƙungiyar likitanci ta mata da ke ba da gudummawa ta Ƙungiyar Mata ta Amurka.[1] Da farko a 1917, Von Sholly ya fara aiki tare da Dokta Caroline S. Finley, Mary Lee Edward, da Alice Gregory kan tara kuɗi da tsarawa don rukunin WOH na farko don tafiya zuwa Turai don tallafawa ƙoƙarin yaƙi. An gayyaci WOH don aiki a ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar likitocin sojojin Faransa, Service de Sante . Von Sholly ya yi tafiya zuwa Faransa a watan Fabrairun 1918 a karkashin jagorancin Dokta Caroline Finley . [2]

Von Sholly na daga cikin kamfanin mata likitoci goma sha biyu da suka tafi aiki a asibitin kwashewa da aka kafa a Château Ognon, a wajen Paris. Wannan yankin ya zama wani ɓangare na gaba a cikin hare-haren Jamus a farkon lokacin rani na 1918.  Von Sholly da abokan aikinta sun yi aiki ta hanyar harbin bindigogi yayin da suke yin tiyata kuma suna kula da marasa lafiya tsakanin 27 ga Mayu da 16 ga Yuni. A ranar 3 ga Satumba, 1918, gwamnatin Faransa ta amince da jaruntakar likitocin mata na Amurka, ta ba da Croix de Guerre ga Dokta Von Sholly, tare da abokan aikinta Dokta Finley, Edwards, da kuma ma'aikacin jinya Jane McKee don hidimarsu a Château Ognon. Von Sholly ya kuma sami ci gaba zuwa Lieutenant na farko a cikin sojojin Faransa.

Von Sholly ya kasance tsoho ne mai aiki a Kwalejin Barnard kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kungiyar tsoffin ɗaliban su.

## Mutuwa
Dokta Von Sholly ya mutu yana da shekaru 86 a ranar 18 ga Satumba, 1964, a New York Infirmary for Women and Children . 

## Haɗin waje
American Medical Women's Association online nune-nunen American Women Physicians in World War I. Dubi jerin mata likitocin da suka yi aiki a sashen nune-nunnun Service in the War.

Rahoton Asibitocin Mata na Ƙasashen Waje. New York: National Woman Suffrage Publishing Co., Inc, 1919. A kan layi ta hanyar Jami'ar North Carolina Greensboro's Gateway .

## Manazarta
Miriam Karlin

**Miriam Karlin** OBE (23 Yuni 1925 A ranar 3 ga Yuni 2011) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Ingila wacce aikinta ya ɗauki fiye da shekaru 60. An san ta da rawar da ta taka a matsayin Paddy a cikin *The Rag Trade*, wani shirin barkwanci na BBC na shekarun 1960 da kuma LWT na shekarun 1970,  musamman ma saboda kalmar "Kowa ya fita!" Alamar kasuwancinta a duk tsawon aikinta ita ce muryarta mai zurfi, mai kaifi, da kuma murya mai kama da ta shudi.

## Rayuwar farko
An haife ta **Miriam Samuels**  a Hampstead, Arewacin Landan, kuma an rene ta a cikin dangin Yahudawa na Orthodox ; 'yan uwanta na cikin waɗanda aka kashe daga baya a Auschwitz . Ita 'yar Céline (née Aronowitz) ce da Harry Samuels, wani lauya, wanda ya ƙware a fannin dokokin masana'antu da ƙungiyoyin kwadago.

Babban ɗan'uwanta shine Michael Samuels (1920–2010), masanin ilimin harsuna na tarihi wanda ke da alhakin *rubuta Takardun Tarihi na Oxford English Dictionary* . 

A lokacin da take yin wasa a ɗaya daga cikin shirye-shiryen rediyo na farko, na Terry-Thomas 's *Top of the Town*, Karlin ta dogara ne akan wasu daga cikin jaruman da ta ƙirƙira kuma ta yi wa mutane da suka bayyana a gaban kotun haya wanda mahaifinta ke jagoranta.  

## Sana'a
Bayan horo a RADA, Karlin ta fara fitowa a matakin farko ga Ƙungiyar Ayyukan Nishaɗi ta Ƙasa (ENSA) a wasannin kwaikwayo na lokacin yaƙi, sannan daga baya ta fito a gidan wasan kwaikwayo da gidajen rawa na repertory . Ta fito a cikin West End a cikin Women of Twilight (1951–52), The Bad Seed (1955), The Diary of Anne Frank (1956–57), The Egg (1957–58), Fings Ain't Wot They Used T'Be (1960–61), Fiddler on the Roof (1967–69), Tashar Bas (1976), Torch Song Trilogy (1985-86) da kuma Separate Tables (1993), da sauransu. [1]

Ta fara fitowa a fim ɗinta na farko a cikin *Down Among the Z Men* (1952), haka kuma ta fito a cikin *A Touch of the Sun*, *Room at the Top*, *The Millionairess*, *Heavens Above!,* *Ladies Who Do*, *The Small World of Sammy Lee*, *The Bargee*, *Just like a Woman*, *A Clockwork Orange* da *[[Mahler (fim)|Mahler]]* (na Ken Russell ). A shekarar 1954, ta yi rawar baƙon Mars a cikin shirin rediyo na BBC *Journey into Space* . 

A shekarar 1960, ta fito a fim tare da Sir Laurence Olivier a cikin wani fim da John Osborne ya shirya mai suna *The Entertainer* .  Ta yi wasa a cikin sigar mataki na *Fiddler on the Roof* at the Her Majesty's Theatre, inda ta fito a matsayin jarumin Isra'ila Topol . A shekarar 1972, ta fito a cikin rawar da ta taka a cikin fim ɗin *Mother Courage and her Children* a Palace Theatre, Watford, a cikin wani shiri da ya shahara saboda ƙarfin rawar da ta taka, da kuma amincinta ga Brechtian *Verfremdungseffekt* . 

## Manazarta