Na'urar bada iska mai dadi

**Air fresheners** samfurori ne da aka tsara don rage warin da ba a so a cikin gida, don gabatar da kamshi mai dadi, ko duka biyu. Yawanci suna fitar da kamshi don rufe wari amma suna iya amfani da wasu hanyoyin aiki kamar su sha, haɗawa, ko canza sinadarai a cikin iska da ke samar da wari, kashe kwayoyin halitta masu samar da wari, ko kuma tarwatsa jin wari don rage hasashe na wari mara daɗi.

Akwai nau'ikan fresheners iri-iri da yawa waɗanda ke isar da kayan aikin su ta hanyoyi daban-daban, gami da feshi, kyandir, masu watsa ruwan reed, beads masu kamshi, gels, masu watsawa da masu fitar da iska, masu atomizers, masu ba da iskar iska ta atomatik, injin fan iska, da filogi. Ana amfani da fresheners na iska a cikin gida da wuraren kasuwanci kuma a cikin ƙananan da manyan wurare. Ana samar da wasu na'urori na iska don takamaiman wurare da ƙamshi, kamar injin injin mota da tubalan na deodorizer na fitsari. Wasu sabbin injinan iska suna ɗauke da sinadiran da ke haifar da alerji da alamun asma ko masu guba. Gyaran iska kuma ya haɗa da amfani da kwayoyin halitta da kayan gida na yau da kullun.

## Tarihi
An yi amfani da turare don rufe wari tun zamanin da. An yi amfani da hanyoyi da mahadi iri-iri a cikin shekaru dubu biyu da suka gabata don iyawarsu don ƙirƙirar ƙamshi mai daɗi ko kawar da wari mara daɗi a cikin sarari na cikin gida. Waɗannan galibi ana danganta su da ayyukan ruhaniya ko na addini (misali amfani da turare), ko tare da ra'ayoyin lafiya da tsafta. Kayayyakin mabukaci don sabunta iska sun fara fitowa a ƙarshen 1800s[abubuwan da ake buƙata] wanda ya yi daidai da zuwan kayan kamshi na farko da aka samar da su. Koyaya, samfuran sabbin kayan masarufi sun fara samun shahara sosai a cikin 1940s

a cikin 1939, Air Wick ya ƙaddamar a Amurka, da farko yana samar da ruwa mai tsabta a cikin nau'o'in kamshi iri-iri, wanda ke aiki ta hanyar evaporation tare da taimakon wick. Kayayyakin sun yi iƙirarin kashe wari, ba kawai rufe su ba, ta amfani da chlorophyll. Tun a shekarar 1953, masana kimiyya sun yi tambaya ko chlorophyll, a lokacin shahararriya a matsayin mai deodorizer na jiki ko kuma don amfani da raunuka, da gaske ya kasance a matsayin mai deodorizer na sararin samaniya. Daga 1947 zuwa 1951, kamfanin ya sayar da dala miliyan 7 na waɗannan da sauran nau'ikan na'urorin iska.

An ƙirƙira samfurin freshener na farko mai amfani da fan a cikin 1946 kuma kamfanin Surco ya sake shi a ƙarƙashin alamar Air-Scent a cikin 1948.

A {asar Amirka, an gabatar da maganin feshin iska na kasuwanci a cikin 1948, a kan abin da ya kasance fasahar soja don rarraba maganin kwari. Samfurin[wanne?] ya isar da hazo mai ƙamshi mai ƙamshi wanda zai ci gaba da tsayawa a cikin iska na ɗan lokaci.

A cikin shekarun 1950, kamfanoni da yawa sun fara ƙara wasu sinadarai waɗanda ke magance ƙamshi ga tsarin ƙamshinsu. Waɗannan sinadarai, waɗanda aka yi niyya don kawar da wari ko lalata, sun haɗa da esters marasa ƙarfi, pre-polymer, da aldehydes masu tsayi.

A cikin 1980s, kasuwar freshener na iska ta koma baya daga iska saboda damuwa game da lalata Layer ozone ta hanyar chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) waɗanda aka yi amfani da su azaman motsa jiki. Yawancin hanyoyin isar da saƙon iska sun shahara tun daga ciki, gami da ƙarƙashin kujera mai wafer iskar fresheners, kyandir masu ƙamshi, masu yaɗuwar reed, tukwane, da samfuran sakin zafi.

## Ka'idoji na asali
Fresheners na iska suna gabatar da ƙamshi a cikin iskar sararin ciki ko dai a matsayin ɗigon ruwa wanda ke canzawa zuwa tururi, ko kuma a matsayin kwayoyin sinadaran ƙamshi da ke fitowa kai tsaye daga tushe. Turare yana yaduwa cikin iska don rufe wasu wari ko gabatar da wani takamaiman wari.

### Hanyoyin sarrafa wari
Ana iya haɗa hanyoyin sarrafa ƙamshin iska na cikin gida zuwa nau'o'i daban-daban:

Masking: ana iya amfani da wari mai daɗi don mamaye warin da ba'a so.

Adsorption: ana iya amfani da adsorbents kamar zeolite, gawayi mai kunnawa, ko silica gel ana iya amfani dashi don kama abubuwan da ke haifar da wari.

Oxidation: ozone na iya oxidize kuma ya kawar da tushen kwayoyin wari daga iska.

Disinfection: Ana iya cire warin da ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa ta hanyar hana su ta amfani da tsabtace iska.

## Manazarta