open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Richard Nii Armah Quaye

**Richard Nii Armah Quaye** ɗan kasuwa, ɗan ƙasar Ghana ne, wanda ya kafa babbar jami'in gudanarwa kuma shugaban hukumar Quick Angels Limited da kuma Quick Credit and Investment Micro-credit Limited.    An yi iƙirarin cewa shine na farko da ya saka hannun jari a Ghana.  

## Ƙuruciya da ilimi
An haifi Quaye a ranar 21 ga watan Maris 1984 kuma ya fito ne daga Jamestown a cikin Babban yankin Accra na Ghana. 

## Sana'a
Quaye ya fara aikinsa a matsayin ɗan kasuwa kuma a ranar 8 ga watan Mayu 2019, ya kafa Kamfanin Quick Angels Limited wanda ke mai da hankali kan haɓaka farawa da kasuwanci (Start-up and businesses) a Ghana.   Kamfanin yana ba da kuɗin kasuwanci irin su Pizzaman Chicken man, Ridge Medical Center, Doughman Foods, CoLi Network, Goldcoast Food, Herbs and Spices, masana'antun Sankofa Natural Spices, Addic Foods, masana'antun na Benjie da Duke shinkafa, Zaconut, da Burger King, da sauransu.  

A watan Agusta 2019, ya yi jawabi a wallafa ta 3 na dandalin 'yan kasuwa na Ghana Investment Promotion Council.  

A cikin watan Disamba shekara ta 2019, Kasuwanci ta hanyar Samun Kasuwanci, ƙungiyar kasuwanci a Makarantar Kasuwancin Harvard ta gayyace shi don yin magana a taron shekara-shekara na 5th. 

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa
A watan Oktoba na shekarar 2019, Quaye ya lashe lambar yabo ta Zuba Jari. 

A cikin watan Satumba 2020, Quaye ya fito a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara gabaɗaya a shekarar 2020 40 ƙarƙashin kyaututtuka 40 a Otal ɗin Kempinski a Accra.  Ya sake yin ikirarin samun lambar yabo ta Zuba Jari.   Ya kuma lashe lambar yabo ta Shugaban Kasuwancin Turai na shekarar 2020. 

A cikin watan Mayu 2021, ya kuma sami shaidar ƙwararren ɗan kasuwa mai hidima na kuɗi kuma fitaccen Shugaba a shekarar 2021 11th Ghana Entrepreneur and Corporate Executive Awards. A cikin watan Yuli da watan Agusta 2021, ya sami Kyautar  Kasuwancin Kasuwanci da Fitaccen Jagoran Kasuwanci a cikin Kyaututtukan Matsayin Kasuwancin Ghana na 2021. 

## Manazarta
Ƙididdiga masu mahimmanci

* Mahimman ƙididdiga (takardune Wanda tgwamnati take anfani da su), bayanan gwamnati da ta ke ajewa na haifuwa da mutuwar mutane a cikin ikon wannan gwamnati.
* Ma'aunin ƙididdiga / kugu / hip, wanda ake kira ƙididdiga na yau da kullun, ma'auni don manufar dacewa da tafitah
* Alamu masu mahimmanci, ma'auni na ƙididdiga na ilimin lissafi daban-daban, sau da yawa ƙwararrun likitocin kiwon lafiya ke ɗauka, don tantance mafi mahimmancin ayyukan jiki.
*  (opera), wasan opera guda ɗaya na 1987 game da physiognomy, mai suna *Facing Goya*

## Duba kuma

* Vitalstatistix (rashin fahimta)
Bangaren

**Bangaren** na iya koma zuwa:

 

* Abubuwan da ake buƙata na tsarin, mahalli mai tsayayyen tsari, kamar haɗaɗɗiya ko tsarin software, a cikin tsarin da aka yi la'akari da shi a wani matakin bincike.
* Samfurin nau'ikan nau'ikan lumped, samfurin tsarin rarraba sarari

## A cikin bakanike kimiyya da fasaha

### Tsarin gabaɗaya

* Bidiyo na ɓangaren, nau'in bayanan bidiyo na analog wanda ake watsawa ko adana shi azaman sigina dabam biyu ko fiye
* Kayan lantarki, abubuwan da ke cikin da'irori na lantarki
* Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa, a cikin injiniyan lantarki, nazarin tsarin wutar lantarki maras daidaita uku

### Lissafi

* Samfurin launi, hanyar kwatanta yadda za a iya wakilta launuka, yawanci a matsayin ƙima mai yawa ko sassan launi.
* Bangaren (ka'idar rukuni), ƙaramin rukuni-rukuni mai sauƙin sauƙi
* Abubuwan da aka haɗa (ka'idar jadawali), ƙaramin juzu'i mai alaƙa
* Abubuwan da aka haɗa (topology), mafi girman sararin samaniya mai alaƙa na sararin samaniya
* Bangaren Vector, sakamakon rugujewar, vector zuwa wurare daban-daban

### Naura

* Bangaren (UML), ma'anar sassa a cikin Harshen Modeling Haɗe-haɗe
* Injiniyan software na tushen sassa, filin cikin injiniyan software wanda ke hulɗa da abubuwan software da za'a sake amfani da su
** Bangaren software, ɓangarorin software da za a sake amfani da su tare da ƙayyadaddun bayanai, ana amfani da su a cikin injiniyan software na tushen sassa

### Sauran ilimomi

* Bangaren (thermodynamics), wani yanki mai zaman kansa na sinadarai na wani lokaci na tsarin

## Sauran amfani

* Bangaren (VTA), tashar jirgin kasa mai haske a San Jose, California
* Wani ɓangare na tsarin nahawu na jimla, ra'ayi mai alaƙa da catena
* Bangaren sashi, a cikin tasa na dafuwa

## Duba kuma

* Abun ciki (rashin fahimta)
* Rushewa (rashin fahimta)
* Giant bangaren
* Bangaren ganewa
* Bangaren da ba ya raguwa
* Kashin baya
* Bangaren haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi
* Tangential da al'ada aka gyara
* Category: Bangaren
Isaac Sesi

**Isaac Sesi** ɗan kasuwa ɗan Ghana ne, injiniya, kuma wanda ya kafa Sesi Technologies, wani kamfani na Ghana wanda ke magance ƙalubalen noma da abinci.   An san shi da haɓaka na'urar damfara don taimakawa manoman Afirka kudu da hamadar Sahara don rage asarar bayan girbi.  

## Ilimi
Sesi ya kammala karatu a Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah (KNUST) inda ya karanta injiniyan lantarki. Ya kammala babbar makarantar sakandare a Mfantsipim School, inda ya karanta kimiyyar gabaɗaya. 

## Sana'a da rayuwa
An san Sesi da haɓaka mitar danshi wanda aka sani da GrainMate.  Wannan na'urar tana baiwa manoma da masu sayar da hatsi damar auna matakan danshi na masara, alkama, gero, da sauran kayan abinci.  Hakanan an san shi ya haɓaka FarmSense, mafita na gano ƙasa ga ƙananan manoma  wanda ya kai ga Kirkirar the Global Innovation through Science and Technology (GIST) Tech-I Global Pitch competition wasan kusa da na karshe.   Kamfaninsa na farko shine Invent Electronic Company Limited, wanda ya fara a shekarar 2014, wanda ke siyar da kayan lantarki akan layi. 

A cikin shekarar 2015, ya haɗa Wires & Bytes tare da wasu abokai guda uku don haɓaka aikace-aikacen yanar gizo da aikace-aikacen software-kamar-a-sabis. A cikin 2016 sun haɓaka Pasco, aikace-aikacen ilimi don ɗaliban jami'a. 

A shekara ta gaba ya kafa 2eweboys, wata hukumar rubuce-rubucen kirkire-kirkire. A cikin shekarar 2017, Sesi, wanda a lokacin injiniyan bincike ne a Sashen Aikin Noma da Injiniyan Halittu na Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah da Dokta Paul Armstrong, mai bincike a Sashen Aikin Gona na Amurka, sun yi aiki tare a kan Lab ɗin Feed the Future Innovation Lab. don Rage Aikin Hasara Bayan Girbin Girbi tare da haɗin gwiwar Jami'ar Jihar Kansas don haɓaka mitar danshi mai rahusa. An kaddamar da mitar danshi a wani biki a KNUST.  

Tun daga shekarar 2018, ya haɗu da ƙungiyoyi daban-daban ciki har da Shirin Abinci na Duniya Ghana, da Taimakawa Gudanar da Kaji da Masana'antu tare da Inganta Abinci da Dabarun Ingantaccen Abinci (AMPLIFIES) Aikin Ghana wanda shine shirin ci gaba na Ma'aikatar Aikin Noma ta Amurka (AMPLIFIES). USDA) don gudanar da horon asara bayan girbi ga manoma a duk faɗin Ghana.  

## Nasarorin da aka samu

* GrainMate ya ci GIST Tech-I 2019 da Kyautar Empowering People Award. 
*
* Tony Elumelu 2018 Shirin Harkokin Kasuwanci 
* Mai suna MIT Technology Review 2019 innovator under  35.  
* Pasco App ya lashe Zinare a cikin nau'in Ilimi mai zaman kansa na MTN Apps Challenge Version 4.0 a cikin shekarar 2017
* Na gaba Einstein na karshe 
* Wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta Duniya  
* An sanya GrainMate na biyu a cikin nau'in IDEA a yayin taron koli na kasuwanci na duniya a Bahrain kuma an ba shi lambar yabo a matsayin daya daga cikin ukun da suka yi nasara a Kungiyar Injiniyoyi ta Amurka ta IShow Kenya Competition.  
* Wanda ya ci kyautar GoGettaz Agripreneur yana karɓar $50,000 don neman aiki a cikin abinci. 
* Kyautar Afirka don Innovation Injiniya ta Royal Academy of Engineering 

## Manazarta
Ee Yana nufin Ee

***Ee Ma'anar Ee:Hanyoyi na Ƙarfin Jima'i na Mata da Duniya Ba tare da Fyade ba*** littafi ne na mata wanda Jaclyn Friedman da Jessica Valenti suka shirya, wanda aka buga a 2008.Littafin yana ɗaya daga cikin Mafi kyawun Littattafai na 99*'Mako-mako* na 2009 kuma ya zaburar da ilimin jima'i wanda ba na bashi ba a Jami'ar Colgate.   Taken yana nufin sanannen,"Ee yana nufin Ee"yakin neman izinin amincewa da kwanan wata, wanda ke kira ga mahalarta jima'i don samun sanarwar yarda,"ee",ga kowane aikin jima'i ko haɓaka.

Masu ba da gudummawa ga tarihin tarihin sun haɗa da:Rachel Kramer Bussel,Hanne Blank,Margaret Cho,Heather Corinna,Stacey May Fowles,Coco Fusco,Lisa Jervis,Leah Lakshmi Piepzna-Samarasinha,da Julia Serano.Littafin ya ƙunshi jerin kasidu daga marubuta daban-daban,waɗanda ke ba da babban jigon hana fyade ta hanyar magance yanayin zamantakewar al'umma wanda marubutan ke jayayya cewa yana da haɗin kai wajen ba da damar cin zarafin jima'i,cin zarafi,da fyade.An tattauna yarda ta jima'i,siffar jiki,girman kai,da cin zarafi na jima'i a cikin maƙalolin. 

## Ee Yana nufin Ee doka
A cikin 2014,Gwamnan California Jerry Brown ya sanya hannu kan dokar"Ee yana nufin Ee",wanda ke buƙatar kwalejoji a California su sami fayyace manufofin cin zarafi na jima'i waɗanda ke ɗaukar nauyin hujja daga waɗanda abin ya shafa zuwa waɗanda ake tuhuma. Motsin"Ee yana nufin Ee"ya fito ne daga"A'a Ma'anar A'a"motsi wanda Ƙungiyar Dalibai ta Kanada ta ƙirƙira a cikin 1990s don magance cin zarafin jima'i.

Ainihin motsi mayar da hankali a kan ra'ayin cewa lokacin da mutane biyu suna tsunduma a cikin jima'i jima'i,idan kalmar"a'a"ba a nan to su jima'i ayyuka ne consensual. Wannan imani ya haifar da shubuha a cikin shari'o'in kotu da suka shafi zarge-zargen cin zarafi.  Tare da dokar "Ee yana nufin Ee" a wurin,an ayyana tabbataccen yarda yanzu a matsayin,"tabbatacciyar shawara, mara shakku,kuma mai hankali da kowane ɗan takara ya yi don shiga cikin ayyukan jima'i da aka amince da juna." Wannan doka za a aiwatar da ita a harabar kwaleji a ko'ina cikin California,kuma a fili ta fayyace cewa an karɓi yarda ta hanyar magana ko ta zahiri"e". 

## sukar Levy
Andrea Levy ya yi nuni da cewa littafin bai kalubalanci masu karatu su dauki mataki a kan batutuwa masu sarkakiya da suka taso ba yayin da suke fuskantar"al'adar siyasar ci gaba ta Arewacin Amirka." Levy ya ci gaba da bayanin cewa ayyuka kamar na Friedman da Valenti suna tare da fahimtar "liberal-democratic"fahimtar yadda duniya ke aiki, amma yana hana ikon iya ganin yadda abubuwa ke faruwa a cikin zamantakewa. Bugu da ari,Levy ya bayyana cewa ana ganin gwagwarmayar da ake yi da mulkin mallaka da farar fata a matsayin na gefe,wanda zai iya haifar da nuna wariya ga al'ummomin da aka sani.

## Sauran batutuwa
Sauran batutuwan da ke cikin littafin sun hada da yanayin jikin mutum,batutuwan da suka shafi girman kai,lalata,da kuma ra'ayin al'umma game da fyade.

## aNassoshi
Shulamith Hareven

**Shulamith Hareven** (   ;Sunan alkalami,**Tal Yaeri**;Fabrairu 14,1930-Nuwamban shekarar 25,2003) marubucin Isra'ila ne kuma marubuci.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife ta a matsayin Shulamith Riftin ga dangin Sihiyoniya.Mahaifinta,Avraham lauya ne.Sun yi hijira zuwa Palestine a cikin shekarar 1940.

Tana da shekaru 17,ta shiga Haganah kuma ta zama likitan fada a yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila a 1948;yin hidima a Yaƙin Urushalima.Daga baya,an sanya ta don taimakawa wajen kafa gidan rediyon tsaron Isra'ila;fara watsa shirye-shiryen gidan rediyon a shekarar 1950.A lokacin Yaƙin Ƙarfafawa da Yaƙin Yom Kippur,ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da labari na yaƙi.

A cikin shekarar 1962,ta buga littafinta na farko,tarin wakoki mai suna *Predatory* Jerusalem.Tun daga lokacin,ta rubuta litattafai,fassarori, da wasan kwaikwayo.Ta buga kasidu da labarai game da al'ummar Isra'ila da al'adu a cikin mujallolin adabi irin su *Masa*,**', da **',kuma a cikin jaridu da dama, ciki har da *Al Ha-Mishmar*,*Maariv*,da *Yedioth Ahronoth*.An tattara kasidunta a juzu'i hudu.Ta kuma buga wani abin burgewa a karkashin sunan alkalami"Tal Yaeri".An fassara littattafanta zuwa harsuna 21.

Ita ce mace ta farko da aka shigar da ita cikin Kwalejin Harshen Ibrananci kuma ta kasance mai fafutuka don Zaman Lafiya Yanzu.A cikin shekara ta 1995 *L'Express* na mako-mako na Faransa ya ɗauke ta a matsayin Mawallafin Aminci kuma ya sanya ta cikin mata 100 "wadanda ke motsa duniya".

Hareven protected her privacy: "I have always thought that culture begins where they know how to separate personal matters from public matters," she wrote in Hebrew in the foreword to her last book, *Many Days, an Autobiography*. She was married to , an intelligence officer who briefly served with Mossad. Their daughter is the writer Gail Hareven.

## Ayyukan da aka fassara zuwa Turanci
Toni Senayah

**Tonyi Senayah** hamshakin dan kasuwa ne dan kasar Ghana kuma babban jami'in kula da takalman doki (Executive Officer of Horseman Shoes). Senayah ya fara nazarin yin takalma a cikin shekarar 2009 a karkashin wani mai yin takalma na gida a Lapaz. An nuna alamar a kafofin watsa labarai na gida da na waje, musamman *[[CNN]]* da kuma hanyoyin sadarwa na DW. 

## Kuruciya da ilimi
Senayah ya tafi kwalejin Prempeh da ke Kumasi kuma ya kammala karatun zamantakewar al'umma a jami'ar Ghana da ke Legon inda kuma ya kasance shugaban dalibai. 

A shekara ta 2010, ya bude Horseman Shoes, kamfanin kera takalma na kasar Ghana wanda ke kera takalman riguna na maza, takalman unisex da silifas, takalman makaranta, da takalman tsaro. 

A cikin shekarar 2015, Senayah ya zo a matsayi na 9 a matsayin Matashi Mafi Tasiri a Ghana daga cikin jerin mutane 50  da 16th a cikin shekarar 2016. 

## Manazarta
Harry Zakour

**Harry Zakour** hamshakin dan kasuwa ne dan kasar Lebanon-Ghana kuma tsohon mai kula da kwallon kafa na kungiyar. Shi ne mataimakin shugaban kasa na biyu na National Democratic Congress a shekara ta (2016) kuma mai gidan rediyon Montie FM.    Shugaban Kamfanin Accra Hearts of Oak, ana masa kallon daya daga cikin manyan jami’an gudanarwa na kulob din da suka yi nasara a tarihin kwallon kafar Ghana. Babban nasarar da ya samu ita ce a shekara ta 2000 lokacin da kulob din ya lashe gasar Premier ta Ghana, Kofin FA na Ghana, Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka CAF da Kofin Super Cup na Afirka.

## Manazarta
Elisabeth Freund ne adam wata

**Elisabeth Freund** (1898-1982) malami ne kuma marubuci Bajamushe-Yahudu.An haife ta a Jamus,ta yi hijira zuwa Cuba a cikin 1930s da Amurka a 1941.Freund ya haɓaka manhajojin koyo don makafi,kuma ya kafa Cibiyar Tunawa da Koyi a Makarantar Makafi ta Overbrook a Philadelphia a tsakiyar karni na ashirin 20.

An haifi Freund a Breslau,Jamus (yanzu wani yanki na Poland) a cikin 1898 ga wani likitan kwakwalwa,Carl Freund.

Elisabeth Freund tayi karatu a jami'o'i a Breslau,Würzburg,da kuma Berlin.

A cikin 1930s,Elisabeth Freund ta zauna tare da mijinta da 'ya'yanta a Berlin.A shekara ta 1933,an kori mijinta daga aikinsa a wani kamfani saboda shi Bayahude ne.

A 1938,Freund da mijinta sun aika da 'ya'yansu mata biyu ta hanyar Kindertransport zuwa Amurka.Freund da mijinta sun yi hijira zuwa Cuba a 1941 kafin daga bisani su yi hijira zuwa Amurka a 1944.

Freund ya fara aiki da Makarantar Overbrook don Makafi a Philadelphia,wanda Julius Friedlaender,ɗan'uwan kawunta ya kafa fiye da ɗari ɗaya a baya.A cikin 1959,ta buga tarihin Friedlaender, *Crusader don haske:Julius R.Friedlander,wanda ya kafa Makarantar Makafi ta Overbrook,1832,*.

Freund ya haɓaka Cibiyar Tunawa da Koyi a Makarantar Makafi ta Overbrook wanda ya kasance abin koyi ga sauran cibiyoyin makafi na duniya.

Ta mutu a shekara ta 1982.

## Labarai

* Freund, Elisabeth D. 1978. Rubutun dogon hannu ga makafi. Louisville, Ky: An Buga a Gidan Buga na Amurka don Makafi.
* Freund, Elisabeth D. 1959. Crusader don haske: Julius R. Friedlander, wanda ya kafa Makarantar Overbrook don Makafi, 1832. Philadelphia: Dorrance & Co.

## Nassoshi
Gabriella Goliger

**Gabriella Goliger**(an Haife shi 1949) marubuciya ce ta Kanada kuma marubuci gajeriyar labari. Ta kasance wacce ta ci lambar yabo ta Tafiya a cikin 1997 don ɗan gajeren labarinta "Maladies of the Inner Ear", kuma tun daga lokacin ta buga littattafai uku:*Song of Ascent* a 2001, *Yarinya Ba a Ruɗe* a 2010, wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta Ottawa Book Award for Fiction,da *Eva Salomon's War*,wanda aka buga a 2018 kuma ya sami yabo daga marubuta Joan Thomas da Francis Itani.

Bayahudiya ce.

Goliger kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ta Prism International Award a cikin 1993,kuma ya sake zama dan wasan karshe na Kyautar Tafiya a 1995. An buga ta a cikin mujallu da litattafai da dama da suka haɗa da Mafi kyawun Sabbin Muryoyin Amurka a 2000 da Rubutun Yahudawa na Zamani a Kanada.

An haife shi a Italiya,Goliger ta girma a Montreal,Quebec,inda ta sami BA a Adabin Turanci a Jami'ar McGill.Daga baya ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin adabin Ingilishi daga Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus.Ta zauna a Isra'ila,Gabashin Arctic,da Victoria,British Columbia.Ottawa,Ontario  ta kasance gidanta tsawon shekaru 30 da suka gabata.Ta zauna tare da abokin aikinta,jami'ar Carleton Barbara Freeman,kusan shekaru talatin;sun yi aure tun 2006.

## Ayyuka

* *Waƙar hawan hawan* (2001)
* *Yarinya ba a rufe* (2010)
* *Yaƙin Eva Salomon* (2018)

## Nassoshi
Allegra Goodman

**Allegra Goodman** (an haife ta 1967) marubucin Ba’amurke ne wanda ke zaune a Cambridge,Massachusetts Goodman ta rubuta kuma ta kwatanta littafinta na farko tana yan shekara bakwai.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Allegra Goodman a Brooklyn,New York,kuma ya girma a Hawaii. 'Yar Lenn da Madeleine Goodman. ta girma a matsayin Bayahude mai ra'ayin mazan jiya. Mahaifiyarta,wacce ta mutu a shekarar 1996,farfesa ce a fannin ilimin halittu da kuma karatun mata,sannan mataimakiyar mataimakin shugaban kasa a Jami’ar Hawaii a Manoa tsawon shekaru da yawa,kafin ta koma Jami’ar Vanderbilt a cikin 1990s. Mahaifinta,Lenn E. Goodman, farfesa ne na falsafa a Vanderbilt.

Goodman ya sauke karatu daga Punahou School a 1985. Daga nan ta wuce Jami'ar Harvard,inda ta sami digiri na AB kuma ta hadu da mijinta,David Karger.Dukansu sun kasance masu zaman kansu a Harvard Hillel,kuma sun yi addu'a a Harvard Hillel Orthodox Minyan. Daga nan suka ci gaba da yin aikin digiri a Jami'ar Stanford,inda Goodman ya sami digiri na uku.digiri a cikin adabin Turanci,a 1996.

'Yar'uwar Goodman, Paula Fraenkel,kwararriyar cutar sankara ce.Kwarewar Fraenkel a cikin dakunan binciken bincike ɗaya ne daga cikin abubuwan da suka zaburar da Goodman's 2006 novel *Intuition*.

An zaɓi ɗan gajeren labarinta "La Vita Nuova"don Mafi kyawun Gajerun Labarai na Amurka 2011 kuma an watsa shi a Zaɓaɓɓen Shorts na Jama'a na Radio International a cikin Fabrairu 2012.

Goodman da Karger suna zaune a Cambridge,Massachusetts, inda Karger farfesa ne a kimiyyar kwamfuta a MIT.Suna da ‘ya’ya hudu maza uku mace daya.

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa

* 1991,mai nasara,Kyautar Whiting don Fiction
* 1998,ɗan wasan ƙarshe,Kyautar Littattafai na ƙasa don Fiction
* 2009, wanda aka zaba,Kyautar Littafin Barka da zuwa, *Intuition*

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

### Littattafai

* *Katerskill Falls* (The Dial Press 1998; Takardun Kasuwancin Dial Press 1999)  , 
* *Aljanna Park* (The Dial Press 2001, Dial Press Trade Paperback 2002)  , 
* *Intuition* (The Dial Press 2006), 
* *Sauran Gefen Tsibirin* (New York: Razorbill, 2008) 
* *Mai Tarin Littafi Mai Tsarki* (The Dial Press 2010) 
* *Mawallafin Alli: Littafin Labari* (The Dial Press 2017) 
* *Sam: Wani labari* (The Dial Press 2023) 

### Tarin gajerun labarai

* *Jimlar Immersion* (Harper & Row 1989;Takardar Cinikin Latsawa ta Dialback 1998),
* *Iyalin Markowitz* (Farrar Straus & Giroux 1996;mai laushi na Washington Square Press 1997),

### Gajerun labarai (aka zaɓa)

## Manazarta
Jean-Pierre Amougou Belinga

**Jean-Pierre Amougou Belinga** (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Fabrairu 1965) ɗan kasuwa ɗan Kamaru ne wanda aka sani da babban jami'in gudanarwa na newspaper *L'Anecdote* da tashoshi na TV Vision 4 da Télésud. Belinga ya haifar da cece-kuce a cikin watan Maris na shekarar 2006 lokacin da aka yanke masa hukuncin daurin watanni hudu a gidan yari saboda bata suna bayan ya ambaci sunan Grégoire Owona, ministan gwamnati, a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan kasar Kamaru 50 da ake zaton 'yan luwadi ne da aka buga a *L'Anecdote*. A cikin shekarar 2023, an kama shi kuma an tuhume shi dangane da kisan dan jarida Martinez Zogo.

## Sana'a
An haife shi  iyayen sa  manoma ne a Nkoumadzap, Méfou-et-Akono, Cibiyar yanki, a matsayin Belinga balagagge ya koma Yaoundé, inda editan jarida Georges-Gilbert Baongla ya ba shi jagoranci.  A shekarar 1995, Belinga ya zama editan L'Anecdote. A cikin 2020, ya sayi gidan talabijin na Télésud.  Belinga babban mai goyon bayan Paul Biya ne, wanda ya kasance shugaban kasar Kamaru tun a shekarar 1982. 

## Binciken laifuka

### Shari'ar bata sunan Owona
A cikin watan Janairu 2006, *L'Anecdote* ta wallafa jerin sunayen 'yan Kamaru 50 masu tasiri da ake zargin 'yan luwadi ne, a zaman wani bangare na yaki da 'yan luwadi' a Kamaru, wanda a lokacin ya sanya "layin luwadi" hukuncin da ya kai shekaru biyar a gidan yari.  Belinga ya ba da hujjar buga jerin sunayen, yana mai cewa "ba za mu iya yin shiru ba, dole ne mu buga kararrawa... ba mu yi nadama ba kuma dole ne mu sake yin hakan".  A watan Fabrairun 2006, bayan shari’ar mako biyu, alkali Alexandre Amougou Anaba, ya ce Belinga ya gaza samar da wata hujja da za ta tabbatar da zargin Owona na luwadi, lamarin da Owona ya sha musantawa akai-akai.  Owona ya bayyana cewa zargin ya lalata masa suna tare da fallasa danginsa da ba'a. An yanke wa Belinga hukuncin zaman gidan yari na wata hudu, baya ga biyan diyya ta alama ga Owona na CFA 1.  An kuma umurci Belinga da ya biya CFA miliyan 1 ga gwamnatin Kamaru tare da shirya yadda za a Bayyana hukuncin a kafafen yada labarai na kasar da na duniya 15, inda ya rika biyan karin CFA 300,000 ga Owona a kowace rana ba a yanke hukuncin ba. aka wallafa.

### Kisan Martinez Zogo
A watan Fabrairun 2023, an bayyana Belinga a matsayin wanda ake tuhuma a cikin binciken azabtarwa da kashe dan jarida Martinez Zogo, wanda ya bace a ranar 17 ga watan Janairu 2023 wanda aka gano gawarsa bayan kwanaki biyar. Ana zargin Belinga da aikata laifin. Duk da rahoton *L'Anecdote* cewa kama Belinga wani bangare ne na "tsarin yau da kullun", a ranar 4 ga watan Maris 2023, an tuhumi Belinga da hannu wajen azabtarwa.  

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Belinga ya auri mata fiye da daya kuma yana da mata akalla uku. 

## Manazarta
Bony Dashaco

**Bony Dashaco** (an haife  **Boniface Abayo Dashaco** a ranar 1 ga Disamba 1976),  ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan ƙasar Kamaru,   Shugaban Cibiyar Kasuwanci, Talla da Bincike (ACMAR) ƙungiyar watsa labarai ta Afirka. 

A ci 2014, Institut Choiseul for International Politics and Geoeconomics ta zabe shi a matsayin "shugaban Afirka na gobe" a matsayin mutumin da bai kai shekaru 40 ba wanda ya shafi al'umma.   A cikin Oktoba 2016, Institut Choiseul ya sanya shi #36 a cikin jerin manyan manajoji 100 na Afirka da ke ƙasa da shekaru 40.  

## Sana'a

Dashaco shine shugaba kuma wanda ya kafa *Médiafrique*, haɗin gwiwa na ACMAR International.  An saita kamfanin watsa labarai a cikin kasashen Afirka 22 kuma ya samar da ayyukan yi sama da 1000 kai tsaye. An zabe shi a shekarar 2016 a matsayi na 50 Mafi Tasirin Matasan Kamaru ta Cibiyar Harkokin Kasuwanci, Jagoranci da Ci Gaban Gudanar da Kasuwanci (CELBMD) Afirka.  A shekarar 2016, ya yi hira da gidan rediyon Faransa News Network Africa 24 tare da mai da hankali kan Afirka don bayyana ci gaban kafofin watsa labarai a Afirka, da matsalolinsa da mafita. 

A watan Maris na 2016, ofishin jakadancin Amurka a Kamaru ya ziyarci kungiyar Acmar a Douala inda ya yi hira da shugaban kungiyar bisa manufofin harkokin wajen Amurka a Kamaru. 

An nada Dashaco daya daga cikin jerin jagororin tattalin arzikin Afirka 100 na gaba na Institut Choiseul for International Politics and Geoeconomics. 

A shekarar 2021, ya ƙaddamar da tashoshi uku na TV Dash TV, Dash Info da Dash Sports & nishaɗi.  

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Dashaco yana da aure kuma yana da ‘ya’ya biyu.

## Duba kuma

* Kafofin yada labarai na Kamaru

## Manazarta

Reflist
Phyllis Gotlieb

**Phyllis Fay Gotlieb** (née **Bloom**;Mayu 25,1926Yuli 14,2009)   marubucin almarar kimiyyar Kanada ne kuma mawaƙi.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haife shi daga al'adun Yahudawa  a Toronto,Gotlieb ya sauke karatu daga Jami'ar Toronto tare da digiri a cikin adabi a 1948 (BA) da 1950 (MA).

A cikin 1961,Gotlieb ya buga ƙasida *wanda ya san ɗaya*,tarin waƙoƙi. Littafinta na farko,labarin almara na kimiyya *Sunburst*,an buga shi a cikin 1964.Gotlieb ta lashe lambar yabo ta Prix Aurora don Mafi kyawun Novel a cikin 1982 don littafinta *mai suna A Hukuncin* Dodanni.An ba wa lambar yabo ta Sunburst suna don littafinta na farko. 

Mijinta Calvin Gotlieb (1921–2016),farfesa a fannin kimiyyar kwamfuta;sun zauna a Toronto,Ontario.

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

### Littattafan almara na kimiyya

## Manazarta
Julia Gorin

**Julia Gorin** marubuciya ce mai ra'ayin mazan jiya Ba'amurke,'yar jarida,mai barkwanci,kuma mai sharhin siyasa.

## Rayuwa
An haife shi a cikin dangin Bayahude a cikin Tarayyar Soviet,Gorin ya yi ƙaura tun yana ƙarami zuwa Amurka a 1976.  Mahaifinta ɗan wasan violin ne tare da ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Baltimore Symphony.Ita ce ta kammala karatun digiri na 1990 na Makarantar Sakandare ta Randallstown a Randallstown,Maryland. 

Gorin ya rubuta littafin satirical 2008,*Clintonisms:The Amusing,Confusing, and even Suspect Musing,na Billary* (ISBN 0978721330).

## Rubuce-rubuce da alaƙa
Gorin ya ba da gudummawar labarai zuwa *Binciken Duniya na Yahudawa*,*Bita na Kasa*,Jaridar *Wall Street Journal*, *Mujallar FrontPage*,*Jihad Watch*,*Huffington Post*,*Mai Tunanin Amurka*,*The Christian Science Monitor*,*WorldNetDaily* da FoxNews.com .

Gorin memba ne wanda ba a biya shi ba na Hukumar Ba da Shawarwari ta Majalisar Dokokin Amurka don Kosovo,wacce ke yin zaɓe a madadin Majalisar Kosovo da Metohija ta Serbian.  Ta yi ta rubuce-rubuce akai-akai game da tsohuwar Yugoslavia,musamman Kosovo kuma mai adawa da 'yancin kai. 

Bayan harin 6 ga Janairu,2021 kan Capitol na Amurka, Gorin ya rubuta OpEd a cikin *Washington Times* yana kwatanta martanin Majalisa ga na Kosovo bayan mamayewa.

## Nassoshi
Roland Fomundam

**Roland Fomundam** ɗan kasuwa ɗan ƙasar Kamaru ne wanda ya shahara da Greenhouse Ventures, haɓakar noman ƙwayoyin cuta tare da sabbin fasahohi don samar da mafita mai ɗorewa ga fannin noma na Afirka. A shekarar 2007 ya kafa Youth Action Africa, wani dandali wanda ke inganta ci gaban fasaha.      A shekarar 2016, an zaɓe shi a cikin mutane 50 mafi Tasirin Matasan Kamaru ta Advance Media CELBMD Africa da abokan haɗin gwiwa a fannin kasuwanci.  A shekarar 2017 an sake zaɓe shi a cikin nau'i ɗaya ta Advance Media CELBMD. 

## Ƙuruciya
Fomundam ɗan asalin yankin Ku Momo ne na Arewa maso yamma (Kamaru).  Ya kuma yi karatu a Jami'ar Arewa maso Gabashin kasar Amurka. 

## Sana'a
Fomundam shine wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaba na Greenhouse Ventures Ltd. Ya fara sana'ar sa a shekara ta 2007. Ya ƙaddamar da kamfanoni guda uku a wani yunkuri na bunkasa fannin noma a Afirka domin samun riba mai yawa.  Gudunmawar da ya bayar wajen habaka fannin noma a Afirka ya sa aka zabe shi a karo na biyu a shekarun 2016 da 2017 da Advance Media CELBMD Africa da abokan hulda a fannin kasuwanci. 

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa

## Duba kuma

* Jerin 'yan Kamaru
* Kafofin yada labarai na Kamaru

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* http://greenhouseventures.org
Yvonne Green

**Yvonne Green,** (an haife ta a 8 ga watan  Afrilu 1957) mawaƙin Ingilishi ne,mai fassara,marubuci kuma barrister.

## Rayuwa da aiki
Green,wanda ke zaune a Hendon da Herzliya,  an haife shi a Finchley,arewacin London akan 8 Afrilu 1957.Ta halarci Makarantar Henrietta Barnett sannan ta ci gaba da karanta doka a Makarantar Tattalin Arziki da Kimiyyar Siyasa ta London.An kira Green zuwa Bar a New York da Ingila kuma ya fara aiki a New York a Milbank Tweed Hadley & McCloy da Legal Aid Society kuma daga baya a Landan a cikin Haikali na ciki amma ya yi ritaya a matsayin lauya na kasuwanci a 1999 don ta iya buga waƙar.da ta kasance ta rubuta.   Ita ce daga al'adun yahudawa Buhari. 

An buga ƙasidarta ta farko,*Boukhara*, a cikin 2007 kuma ta lashe Gasar Kasuwancin Waƙa ta 2007. Tarin nata na farko mai cikakken tsayi,An buga Assay a cikin 2010 kuma sakamakon lambar yabo daga Celia Atkin da Lord Gavron an fassara shi zuwa Ibrananci a cikin 2013,ƙarƙashin taken HaNisuyi kuma Am Oved ya buga a Isra'ila.An girmama shi,aikinta na baya-bayan nan yana da "bayyani dalla-dalla da kuma babban ikon tunani" a cewar Alan Brownjohn.A cikin Girmamawa,Green ya daidaita kyakkyawar hangen nesa na Isra'ila tare da labarin sahyoniyawan ƴan waje.Green ya kasance Mawaki-in-Mazauni zuwa Jirgin Ruwa na Spiro daga 2000 zuwa 2003,Norwood Ravenswood a 2006,Casa Shalom daga 2007 zuwa 2008,Taimakon Mata Yahudawa daga 2007 zuwa 2009 kuma tun daga 2013,zuwa Baroness Scotland na Gidauniyar Asthall's Endence EDV GF).

Bayan harin da aka kai a watan Nuwamba na 2015 na Paris Green ta karanta fassarori daga Ibrananci da kuma wasu ayyukanta a wani taron waka da kiɗa na Gabas ta Tsakiya a St Albans. A ranar 6 ga Yuni 2016 An karanta waƙar Green,"Farhud: Shabu'ot na Baghdad 1st da 2nd Yuni 1941",a cikin Knesset na Isra'ila don tunawa da Farhud. A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2017 Green ya karanta wasiƙar Bejan Matur a taron "'Yar'uwar Kurdawa"wanda Gidan Kafe na Exiled Lit Cafe ya shirya a Gidan Waƙa. A halin yanzu tana kiran ƙungiyoyi biyu na wata-wata,ɗaya a Laburare na Hendon mai suna "Bangaren Kalmomi" na biyu kuma a JW3,cibiyar al'adun Yahudawa mafi girma a Turai,da ake kira "Taking the Temperature".   Har ila yau,tana ba da karatu akai-akai da tattaunawa kan fassarar Semyon Lipkin.

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa

* 2007 Littafin Kasuwancin Waƙoƙi & Ƙaƙwalwar Kyauta na *Boukhara*
* 2011 Littattafan Waƙoƙi na Winter 2011 Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Fassara don *Bayan Semyon Izrailevich Lipkin*
* Kyautar Buxton na 2012 Yabo don *Barka da zuwa Biritaniya*

## Ayyukan da aka buga

### Tarin wakoki

* *The Assay* (Smith/Doorstop, 2010) 
* *Zaɓaɓɓun Waƙoƙi da Fassara* (Smith/Kofa, 2014) 
* *Girmama* (Smith/Kofa, 2015) 
* *Jam & Jerusalem* (Smith/Doorstop, 2018)
Kate Fotso

**Kate Kanyi-Tometi Fotso** 'yar kasuwa ce 'yar kasar Kamaru wacce ta kafa babbar mai fitar da koko a Kamaru. Fotso, a cewar Forbes Africa, ita ce mace mafi arziki a Kamaru kuma ta 20 mafi arziki a cikin Francophonie na Afirka.

## Sana'a
Fotso ta shafe fiye da shekaru 20 tana sana'ar koko kuma ana kiranta da "Iron Lady ta bangaren koko".   Ta yi aure da André Fotso, wani hamshakin dan kasuwa dan kasar Kamaru wanda ya kafa kungiyar zuba jari ta TAF kuma ita ce shugaban kungiyar masu daukan ma’aikata ta Kamaru.  Mijinta ya rasu a ranar 2 ga watan Agusta 2016. 

Fotso ita ce wacce ta kafa kuma darekta na kamfanin Telcar Cocoa, wacce ta fi kowa fitar da koko a kasar Kamaru, wanda ya kai kashi 30% na kokon da kasar ke fitarwa da kusan tan 48,000 na koko da aka fitar a shekarun 2015-2016. Telcar yana aiki tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da kamfanin kasuwancin noma na Amurka Cargill. Shugaban Kamaru Paul Biya ne ya nada Fotso don wakiltar masu fitar da kayayyaki a cikin kwamitin gudanarwa na tashar jiragen ruwa na Kribi mai cin gashin kansa. Fotso kuma mai hannun jari ce a Ecobank Cameroun kuma tana kula da jari da jari da ta gada daga mijinta.  Fotso kuma tana gudanar da shirin "Kargill Cocoa Promise", wani shiri na inganta horar da ma'aikatan noma a Kamaru, wanda ya sa manoman koko 21,000 suka samu horo a shekarun 2011 da 2015. 

Tare da dala miliyan 252, a cewar Forbes Africa, Fotso ita ce mace mafi arziki a Kamaru.   Ita ce ta 20 mafi girma a Afirka ta Francophonie kuma ita ce mace ta farko da ta taba zama a matsayi na 30 na farko a Afirka ta Francophonie ko kudu da hamadar Sahara. An kuma nada ta a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan mutane goma da suka fi tasiri a Kamaru ta mujallar Slate ta Faransa. 

## Manazarta
Jessica Goldberg

**Jessica Goldberg** (an Haife ta a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sabain da biyar 1975 A.c) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce Ba’amurke,marubucin allo,kuma marubucin talabijin.A cikin 1999,ta ci lambar yabo ta Susan Smith Blackburn don wasanta,*[[Refuge (play)|Refuge]]*.Goldberg shine mahaliccin jerin Hulu *The Path* kuma yayi aiki a matsayin mai nunawa don jerin Netflix *Away*.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Goldberg daga Provincetown,assachusetts ne.Ta girma Bayahudiya  kuma ta girma a Woodstock,New York.  Goldberg ya kammala karatun digiri na ban mamaki shirin rubuce-rubuce a Jami'ar New York,kuma na Makarantar Juilliard. 

## Sana'a
Ta kasance ɗan'uwan Tennessee Williams a Jami'ar Kudu kuma mai karɓar kyautar Le Compte de Nouy, Sana'lambar yabo ta Helen Merrill ta farko,da lambar yabo ta 2000 Berrilla Kerr Foundation.  Ta kasance mazaunin New River Dramatists,memba na Cibiyar Amurka ta PEN.

Kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na Atlantic ne ya ba da izinin wasanta *Abin da kuke buƙata*.  An fara *gudun hijira* a Horizons na Playwrights kuma ta sami lambar yabo ta 1999 Susan Smith Blackburn.

Gidan talabijin na Goldberg da aikin allo ya haɗa da "Yariman Motar Mota"(2008) don ABC,wanda ke nuna Piper Perabo, Aidan Quinn,Andie MacDowell,Rutger Hauer,da Morris Chestnut.Goldberg ya kirkiro jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin *The Path*,wanda  uku akan Hulu kafin a soke shi a cikin 2022.   Goldberg ya yi aiki a matsayin mai gabatarwa don jerin Netflix *Away* na 2020.    Ta sami lambar yabo ta Gracie a cikin 2021 a cikin nau'in, "Showrunner Fiction-Drama,"don aikinta na *Away*. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Goldberg ya auri ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma marubuci Hamish Linklater a cikin 2002.Daga baya sun rabu amma suna da ɗa guda,Lucinda Rose.  

## Ayyuka

### Wasanni

* *Babe* (2022) 
* *Mafi kyau* (2014) 
* *Wasan Al'amari*
* *Katzman da magajin gari* 
* *Schaubuhne* 
* *Siyasar Jiki* 
* *Jima'i Parasite* 
*  
*  
*  
*   An fara shi a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo Off-Park, Birnin New York a cikin 1999 
* *Ilimin Yunwa*
* *Abin da kuke Bukata* 
* *Darasi na 57*
Kamfanin Kasuwanci na Afirka

**Kamfanin 'yan kasuwa na Afirka** ko Kamfanin' yan kasuwa na kasuwanci zuwa Afirka kamfani ne na Burtaniya wanda ke aiki daga 1752 zuwa 1821 a yankin Gold Coast na Ghana ta zamani, wanda ke cikin cinikin bayi na Atlantic.

## Tarihi
An kafa kamfanin ne ta hanyar Dokar Kamfanin Afirka ta 1750, kuma a cikin 1752 ya maye gurbin Kamfanin Royal African wanda aka kafa a cikin 1660. Ba kamar wanda ya riga shi ba, Kamfanin Kasuwancin Afirka kamfani ne mai tsarawa, ba kamfani ne na hadin gwiwa ba: Sashe na IV na Dokar Kamfanin Afirka ta 1750 ya ce: "Ba zai zama doka ga Kamfanin ba, wanda wannan Dokar ta kafa, don kasuwanci zuwa ko daga Afirka a cikin kamfaninsu ko haɗin gwiwa, ko kuma samun duk wani hadin gwiwa ko canja wurin hannun jari, ko karɓar, ko karɓi, duk wani Sum ko Sum of Money, a kan Alamar su ta Jama'a".

An canja kadarorin Kamfanin Royal African zuwa sabon kamfanin kuma ya kunshi manyan wuraren kasuwanci ko masana'antu guda tara: Fort William, Fort James, Fort Sekondi, Fort Winneba, Fort Apollonia, Fort Tantumquery, Fort Metal Cross, Fort Komenda da Cape Coast Castle, na ƙarshe daga cikinsu shine cibiyar gudanarwa. Wannan yankin bakin teku ya mamaye 'yan asalin Fante.

## Kwamitin Afirka
Kwamitin Afirka ne ke gudanar da kamfanin, wanda ya kunshi mambobi tara na kwamitin, uku kowannensu daga London, Liverpool da Bristol. Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya tsara cewa ya kamata a zabi kwamitin a kowace shekara daga babban rukunin 'yan kasuwa daga waɗannan biranen, waɗanda suka biya shillings 40 don a shigar da su cikin kamfanin. A cewar kundin tsarin mulki, waɗannan mambobin kwamitin zasu iya rike mukamin na tsawon shekaru uku kawai. Koyaya, a cikin 1772 an buga jerin litattafai da ke da'awar cewa membobin kwamitin ba sa aiki yadda ya kamata.

Kamfanin ya sami tallafin shekara-shekara da majalisar ta amince da shi, wanda ya rufe farashin ofishin London da kuma sansanonin. Kwamitin ya ba da rahoto ga Exchequer, Admiralty kuma, daga 1782, Sakataren Yakin. John Shoolbred, (1740-1802), kawun wani John Shoolbrid wanda aka sani da goyon bayan allurar rigakafi, ya kasance sakatare ga kwamitin na shekaru da yawa.

Gwamnatin daular ta haramta cinikin bayi na Afirka bayan 1807, kodayake kamfanin ya ci gaba da aiki na wasu shekaru bayan haka.  Dangane da tsarin sake fasalin sassaucin ra'ayi, an canja ikon gudanarwa a kan yankin Kamfanin Afirka ga Gwamna Charles MacCarthy na Saliyo, an kafa Saliyo a matsayin mafaka ga mutanen da aka 'yantar da su a baya. (An kashe Gwamna McCarthy a yakin Anglo-Asante na farko .) A cikin 1817, kamfanin ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar abokantaka da ke amincewa da ikirarin Asante na ikon mallakar manyan yankuna na bakin teku, gami da yankunan da Fante ke da'awar.  Koyaya, bayan ya zama sananne ga jama'a cewa kamfanin ya ci gaba da cinikin bayi a cikin yankinsa masu zaman kansu, gwamnatin Burtaniya ta soke kamfanin a cikin 1821.

## Bayanan da aka yi amfani da su
Oscar Kamau Kingara

**Oscar Kamau Kingara:** ya rayu daga(14 ga Yuli, 1971-Maris 5, 2009) lauyan Kenya ne kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama. Kingara shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma me lura na Oscar Foundation Free Legal Aid Clinic, kungiyar kare hakkin dan Adam da ke Nairobi.  kashe shi da'akayi a shekarar 2009 ana danganta shi da yawa   da aikinsa na tattara bayanan kashe-kashen 'yan sanda.  

## Ƙuruciya
Kingara ya girma a cikin Kiambu da Nairobi cikin ladabi da matsakaicin girma. Bayan kammala karatunsa tare da samun digiri na shari'a, Kamau Kingara ya zaɓi shiga cikin kasuwancin ƴan gidan su wanda ya haɗa da masana'antu, sarrafa nama da kifi, gidaje, shigowa da/fitarwa da sayar da kayan gini a Kenya.

## Aikin kare hakkin dan Adam
Kingara ya kasance darektan gidauniyar taimakon shari'a ta Oscar ta Keny.  An yaba masa da muhimmiyar rawa wajen gudanar da bincike kan kisan ‘yan sanda a Kenya.  A shekara ta 2008, ya fitar da wani rahoto yana zargin 'yan sandan Kenya da kashe ko azabtar da mutane fiye da 8,000 a wani bangare na murkushe kungiyar masu aikata laifuka ta Mungiki.  Wani rahoto wanda Kingara ya ba da babbar gudummawa gare shi, *Kukan Jinin - Rahoton Kashe-Kashe da Bacewar Shari'a*  ya shahara ta hanyar WikiLeaks.

## Kisa
A ranar 5 ga watan Maris, 2009, Kingara da mataimakinsa, John Paul Oulu, an yi musu kwanton bauna tare da harbe su a lokacin da suke zaune a cikin sa'o'i da yawa a cikin wata farar Mercedes da ke wajen dakunan kwanan dalibai na Jami'ar Nairobi.  Kingara, mai shekaru 38, an kashe shi nan take yayin da Oulu ya mutu ba da jimawa ba.   ‘Yan bindigar uku wadanda suke sanye da bakaken kaya, sun tsere ne a cikin motoci biyu.  Nan take masu suka suka yi nuni da wasu daga cikin jami'an tsaron Kenya da 'yan sanda na da alhakin kisan gillar.  Bayan kisan gillar, WikiLeaks ta yi kira ga rahotannin shaidu kuma ta bayyana Kingara da Oulu a matsayin "manyan masu rajin kare hakkin bil'adama masu alaka da Wikileaks".  Firaministan Kenya Raila Odinga ya yi Allah-wadai da kashe-kashen yana mai cewa, "Muna cutar da kasawa a matsayinmu na jaha." 

Wakilin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na musamman kan kisan gilla, Farfesa Philip Alston ya bukaci gwamnatin Kenya da ta gudanar da bincike mai zaman kansa kan kisan wasu fitattun 'yan rajin kare hakkin bil'adama biyu. Alston ya ce hanyar da aka kashe mutanen biyu na iya sanya shakku ga ‘yan sanda. 

## Manazarta
Grace Lolim

**Grace Lolim** 'yar kasar Kenya ce mai kare hakkin dan Adam kuma mai fafutukar wanzar da zaman lafiya, shugabar kwamitin zaman lafiya na Isiolo, kuma wacce ta kafa kuma babbar darektan Isiolo Gender Watch. 

## Ƙuruciya
Lolim 'yar Isiolo ce,  kuma ta girma a cikin al'ummar Turkana. 

## Sana'a da gwagwarmaya
Lolim ta fara bayar da shawarar samar da zaman lafiya a shekara ta 2000 lokacin da Somaliya da Borana ke fada a Nakuru.   Duk da cewa ta yi nasarar tserewa rikicin da mijinta da ‘ya’yanta, amma ta koma can don taimaka wa iyayenta da ‘yan’uwan da ta bari. Ta gano 'yan uwanta suna boye tare da wasu mutanen kauye a bakin kogi, inda suka fuskanci hare-haren kada. Duk da lallashin da mijinta ya yi mata, Lolim ta ƙi barin danginta cikin damuwa. Ta shiga tattaki domin kawo karshen rikicin ta hanyar shiga kwamitin sulhu na kauyen. Wasu mata ne suka nada ta don yin magana a yayin taron sasanta rikicin a matakin wuri, matsayin da ya sa ta yi mu’amala da ‘yan kwamitin daga wasu kabilu. Ita kadai ce macen da aka zaba domin yin magana a kauyen. 

A shekara ta 2002, shirin ci gaba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya zabi Lolim don shiga shirin musayar ra'ayi da matan Ruwanda don sanin tasirin rikice-rikicen makamai. In ji wani labari, ta yi wa’azin salama ta wajen yin amfani da koyarwar da ta samu a cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki da kuma Kur’ani, wanda ya taimaka wajen isa ga masu sauraronta dabam-dabam kuma babban abin tarihi ne ga kwamitin sulhu. 

A shekarar 2013, Lolim ta kafa Isiolo Gender Watch, ƙungiyar da ke ba da ra'ayin kare haƙƙin ɗan adam da daidaiton jinsi,  inda (tun daga shekarar 2022) take aiki a matsayin babbar darektan.  Lolim ita ce shugabar kwamitin zaman lafiya na Isiolo 

Yayin cutar ta COVID-19, Lolim ta jagoranci ƙoƙarin raba saƙon lafiya ga al'ummar yankinta.  A shekarar 2020, ta ba da shawarar a saka mata da yawa a cikin ƙoƙarin samar da zaman lafiya.  A shekarar 2022, ta yi magana game da yawaitar cin zarafin jima'i da jinsi, da kuma buƙatar yin adalci dangane da kisan da aka yi wa mai fafutukar neman zaman lafiya Elizabeth Ibrahim.  

## Duba kuma

* Jerin sunayen masu fafutukar zaman lafiya

## Manazarta


## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Isiolo Gender Watch, gidan yanar gizon hukuma
Yvonne Hackenbroch

**Yvonne Alix Hackenbroch** (1912–2012),mai kula da kayan tarihi na Biritaniya ne kuma masanin tarihi na kayan ado.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Yvonne Alix Hackenbroch a Frankfurt am Main, Jamus,a ranar 27 ga Afrilu 1912,ta biyu cikin 'ya'ya mata uku na dillalin fasaha Zacharias Max Hackenbroch (1884-1937) da matarsa,Clementine Hackenbroch,née Schwarzschild (188),8-198 zuriyar dillalin fasaha Selig Goldschmidt. Tun yana yaro,Hackenbroch ya ƙware cikin Faransanci,Ingilishi, Jamusanci,da Italiyanci.

Hackenbroch ya sami ilimi a Jami'ar Ludwig Maximilian na Munich,kuma ya sami digiri na farko da digiri na uku,duka a cikin tarihin fasaha. Ita ce Bayahudiya ta karshe da ta samu digirin digirgir a can kafin yakin duniya na biyu,a watan Disambar 1936. 

## Sana'a
Lokacin da ya isa Landan,'Hackenbroch ba da daɗewa ba ya shiga ma'aikata a Gidan Tarihi na Biritaniya,kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka tono kuma suka ƙididdige taska na Sutton Hoo. Ita ce mai ba da shawara ga kayan ado ga fim ɗin 1944 na *Henry V*,tare da Laurence Olivier. 

Daga 1946 zuwa 1949,Hackenbroch ya kasance a Toronto,Kanada, bisa ga umarnin gwamnatin Birtaniya,don ba da shawarwari na ƙwararru game da fasahar fasaha na Lee Collection da Arthur Lee,1st Viscount Lee na Fareham ya ba Kanada,don gode wa ƙasar.goyon bayan yakin duniya na biyu.  

A cikin kusan 1949,ta ƙaura zuwa Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan a New York don yin lissafin "tarin tarin fasaha" na Irwin Untermyer. Wannan ya haifar da Hackenbroch da Thames &amp;amp; Hudson buga littattafai guda bakwai,wanda ke rufe tsoffin azurfa,tagulla, faranti,allura da kayan daki.  Ta shiga Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan a matsayin mai kula da fasaha,ƙwararre a fasahar Renaissance,kuma daga ƙarshe ta zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka.  

## wallafe-wallafen da aka zaɓa

* *Kayan kayan ado na Renaissance* (1979)

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Ba ta taba yin aure ba. 

## Daga baya rayuwa
Hackenbroch ta mutu a ranar 7 ga Satumba 2012,a gidanta da ke 31 Hyde Park Gardens,Bayswater,London,watanni hudu bayan bikin cika shekaru 100.

## Nassoshi
Anat Gov

**Anat Gov** ( ;Disamba 13,1953-Disamba 9,2012) marubucin allo ne na Isra'ila kuma marubucin wasan kwaikwayo.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife shi a Tiberias,  Gov ta ƙaura zuwa Tel Aviv tare da danginta lokacin tana ɗan shekara uku.Ta sauke karatu daga Thelma Yellin High School of Arts tare da digiri na wasan kwaikwayo.A farkon shekarun 1970,ta shiga tare da ƙungiyar nishaɗin soja ta IDF inda ta sadu da mijinta Gidi Gov. Daga baya Gov ya yi karatu na tsawon shekara guda a sashen wasan kwaikwayo na Jami'ar Tel Aviv  kuma ta yi ɗan gajeren aiki a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo,amma ta bar bayan wasa ɗaya.

Gov ya sami nasarar sana'a a matsayin marubuc.A matsayinta na marubucin allo,ta rubuta don shirye-shiryen talabijin kamar *Zehu Ze!*.Ta kuma rubuta wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo na dare na mijinta. A matsayin marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,yawancin wasan kwaikwayon da Gov ya rubuta an kawo su zuwa wasu fitattun gidajen wasan kwaikwayo na Isra'ila,kamar gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Cameri a Tel Aviv.Ita ce kuma ke da alhakin fassarar Ibrananci na wasan kwaikwayo na duniya kamar *Via Dolorosa* da *Ƙarfin Ƙarfafa Uwa da 'Ya'yanta*. Shahararriyar wasan Gov, duk da haka, ita ce *Ƙarshen Farin Ciki na 2011,*wanda ke bincika yaƙin babban jigon yaƙi da kansa.   A cikin 2012,ta sami lambar yabo ta Rosenblum don yin zane-zane. 

### Ra'ayin Siyasa
Gov ta kasance sananne saboda ra'ayoyinta na hagu da kuma goyon bayanta ga Zionism.Ta zama mai magana a cikin ra'ayoyinta na siyasa bayan kashe Yitzhak Rabin.Babban sharhin da ta yi shi ne lokacin da ta bayyana cewa yakin kwanaki shida bai kare da gaske ba.

### Rayuwa ta sirri
Gov ya auri mawaki Gidi Gov daga shekarar 1977 har zuwa rasuwarta a shekarar 2012;sun haifi ‘ya’ya uku,kuma a lokacin rasuwarta,jikoki biyu ne. Sun zauna a Ramat HaSharon.

Ta yi magana game da cutar kansa ta kansa,kuma ta bayyana fatanta cewa al'umma da kafofin watsa labaru su yi magana a fili ba tare da tsoro ba game da cutar kansa, da mutuwa gaba ɗaya.

## Mutuwa da gado
Gov ta mutu a Tel Aviv bayan fama da doguwar fama da ciwon sankara a ranar 9 ga Disamba,12,kwanaki hudu kafin cikarta shekaru 59.  Labarin mutuwarta a *Haaretz* ya kwatanta shirye-shiryenta na mintuna don mutuwarta da jana'izarta da na jarumar a cikin wasanta *Happy End.* 

An binne ta ne a makabartar Menucha Nechona da ke Kfar Saba,tare da wakar satirical ta Monty Python ta " Ku Kalli Hasken Rayuwa". Fiye da makoki 1,000 ne suka halarci jana'izar ta,ciki har da Tzipi Livni,Shelly Yachimovich,da Mickey Rosenthal.  A wajen jana'izar,mijinta ya kuma ba da labarin ta'aziyya daga shugaban kasar Shimon Peres ta wasika  da kuma daga Firayim Minista Benjamin Netanyahu ta wayar tarho.

## Nassoshi