Mona Van Duyn

**Mona Jane Van Duyn** (Mayu 9, 1921 - Disamba 2, 2004) mawaƙiyar Amurka ce. An nada ta Amurka Laureate Laureate a 1992. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa

### Shekarun farko
An haifi Van Duyn ranar 9 ga watan Mayu, na shekara ta 1921, a Waterloo, Iowa .  Ta girma a cikin ƙaramin garin Eldora (pop. 3,200) inda ta yi karatu sosai a ɗakin karatu na garin kuma ta rubuta waƙa a asirce a cikin littattafan rubutu tun daga lokacin karatunta na gaba zuwa makarantar sakandare. Van Duyn ta sami BA daga Kwalejin Malamai ta Jihar Iowa a 1942, da kuma MA daga Jami'ar Jiha ta Iowa a 1943, shekarar da ta auri Jarvis Thurston. Ita da Thurston sunyi karatu a Ph.D. shirin a Iowa. A 1946 an dauke ta a matsayin mai koyarwa a Jami'ar Louisville lokacin da mijinta ya zama mataimakin farfesa a can. Tare suka fara *hangen nesa: Kwata na Adabi da Fasaha* a cikin 1947, wanda ta gyara shekaru ashirin masu zuwa. Sun canza wannan mujallar zuwa Jami'ar Washington a St. Louis lokacin da suka koma can a 1950.

### Aikin ilimi
A St. Louis, Van Duyn ya koyar da Turanci daga 1950 zuwa 1967 a Jami'ar Washington.  Thurston ya zama shugaban Sashen Turanci na Jami'ar Washington, kuma Van Duyn da Thurston sun zana St. Louis kuma sun jagoranci abin da zai zama da'irar wallafe-wallafen musamman na marubuta da masu suka. (Ya haɗa da mawaki Howard Nemerov, marubuci kuma mai sukar William Gass, marubuci Stanley Elkin, mawaƙa Donald Finkel da John Morris, mai sukar Richard Stang, marubuta Wayne Fields da Naomi Lebowitz, da sauransu.)  Ci gaba da gyara *Halayen* har sai ya daina bugawa a cikin 197 na wallafe-wallafen wallafe-wallafen a cikin al'umma 197. don buga ayyukan farko na Anthony Hecht, WS Merwin, Douglas Woolf, da sauransu da yawa. wajen tabbatar da takaddunsa don Tarin Musamman na Jami'ar Washington a tsakiyar 1960s. Ta kasance malami a Kwalejin Jami'ar Washington a St. Louis har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a 1990. A cikin 1983, shekara guda bayan ta buga littafin wakoki na biyar, an nada ta a matsayin mataimakin farfesa a Sashen Turanci kuma ta zama "Farfesa na Ziyarci Hurst" a 1987, shekarar da aka gayyace ta ta zama memba na Cibiyar Fasaha da Wasika ta Kasa . 

### Sana'a a matsayin mawaki
Van Duyn ya lashe kowace babbar lambar yabo ta Amurka don waƙa, gami da lambar yabo ta National Book Award (1971) don *Duba, Don ɗauka*,  Kyautar Bollingen (1971), Kyautar Ruth Lilly Poetry (1989), da Kyautar Pulitzer (1991) don *Canje-canje na Kusa* .  Ita ce Mawallafin Mawaƙin Amurka tsakanin 1992 da 1993.  Duk da karramawar da ta yi, sana'arta ta bambanta tsakanin yabo da duhu. Ra'ayinta game da soyayya da aure sun bambanta daga zazzafan tunani zuwa kyakkyawan fata. A cikin "Abin da nake so in faɗi", ta rubuta game da soyayya:

: *Yana da cikakken kunkuntar yiwuwa*
: *kuma kowa, har zuwa mutum na ƙarshe*
: *yana jin tsoro*

Amma a cikin "Late Loving", ta rubuta:

: *Soyayya ita ce gano masoyi da aka sani*

Don Duba, Don ɗauka (1970) tarin wakoki ne waɗanda suka tattara littattafan da suka gabata guda uku da wasu ayyukan da ba a tattara ba kuma suka sami lambar yabo ta National Book for Poetry . A cikin 1981 ta zama ɗan'uwa a cikin Academy of American Poets, sa'an nan, a 1985, daya daga cikin goma sha biyu Chancellor da hidima na rayuwa. Waqoqin da aka tattara, In Ba Ni (1992) sun qunshi juzu’i huxu da suka bayyana tun lokacin da ta fara tattara waqoqin ta. An buga shi lokaci guda tare da sabon tarin wakoki, Firefall .

A cikin 1993, an shigar da ita cikin St. Louis Walk of Fame .  An zabe ta ƴan uwa na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka a 1996.  Ta mutu da ciwon daji na kashi a gidanta a Jami'ar City, Missouri, a ranar Disamba 2, 2004, tana da shekaru 83. 

## Ayyuka

* *Valentines to the wide World* (The Cummington Press), 1959.
* *[[A Time of Bees|Lokacin Kudan zuma]]* (Jami'ar North Carolina Press), 1964.
* *Don Duba, Don ɗauka: Waƙoƙi* (Atheneum), 1970 — wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta 1971 na Littafin Ƙasa don Waƙa 
* *Labaran Lokacin Kwanciya* (Ceres Press), 1972.
* *Rarraba Mai Jinƙai :: Waƙoƙin Bugawa Kuma Ba a Buga Ba* (Atheneum), 1973.
* *Wasika Daga Uba, Da Sauran Waqoqin* (Atheneum), 1982.
* *Kusa Canje-canje* (Knopf), 1990 - wanda ya lashe Kyautar Pulitzer na 1991 don Waƙa 
* *Firefall* (Knopf), 1992.
* *Idan Ba Ni Ba: Waqoqin Tattara, 1959–1982* (Knopf), 1994.
* *Zababbun Waqoqin* (Knopf), 2003.

## Manazarta