Yaƙin Thapsus

**Yakin Thapsus** wani soja ne da ya gudana a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 46 BC kusa da Thapsus (a Tunisiya ta zamani). Dakarun na Optimates, karkashin,Jagorancin Quintus Caecilius Metellus Scipio, sun sha kaye a hannun sojojin Julius Kaisar .  An bi shi ba da daɗewa ba bayan kashe kansa na Scipio da abokinsa, Cato the Younger, Sarkin Numidian Juba, da ɗan uwansa na Roma Marcus Petreius.

## Gabatarwaa shiekara ta 49 BC, the [[Caesar's civil war|last civil war]] of the [[Roman Republic]] was initiated after Julius Caesar, who saw that his political enemies in Rome were looking to arrest and prosecute him, defied [[Roman senate|senatorial]] orders to disband his army following the conclusion of hostilities in Gaul. He crossed over the [[Rubicon]] river with the 13th Legion, a clear violation of Roman Law, and marched to Rome. The [[Optimates]] fled to Greece under the command of [[Pompey]] since they  had not organised an army and were incapable of defending the city of Rome itself against Caesar. Led by Caesar, the [[Populares]] followed, but were greatly outnumbered and defeated in the [[Battle of Dyrrhachium (48 BC)|Battle of Dyrrhachium]]. Still outnumbered, Caesar recovered and went on to decisively defeat the [[Optimates]] under Pompey at [[Battle of Pharsalus|Pharsalus]]. Pompey then fled to Egypt, where to Caesar's consternation, Pompey was assassinated. The remaining [[Optimates]], not ready to give up fighting, regrouped in the African provinces of [[Mauretania]]. Their leaders were [[Cato the Younger|Marcus Cato]] (the younger) and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Scipio Nasica|Caecilius Metellus Scipio]]. Other key figures from the nobility in the resistance were [[Titus Labienus]], [[Publius Attius Varus]], [[Lucius Afranius (consul)|Lucius Afranius]], [[Marcus Petreius]] and the brothers [[Sextus Pompeius|Sextus]] and [[Gnaeus Pompeius (son of Pompey the Great)|Gnaeus Pompeius]] (Pompey's sons). King [[Juba I of Numidia]] was a valuable local ally. After the pacification of the Eastern provinces, and a short visit to Rome, Caesar followed his opponents to Africa.
## Kamfen na Afirka wanda ya kai Thapsus
Kaisar ya tara runduna shida a kusa da Lilybaeum a Sicily. Wasu runduna huɗu suna kan hanyarsu daga Roma.  Duk da yanayin da yake da nisa da mafi kyaun Kaisar ya hau runduna shida ya tashi zuwa Afirka. Ya isa gabar tekun Afirka a ranar 28 ga watan Disamba, inda ya sauka kusa da Hadrumetum, amma hadari ya warwatsa motocinsa wanda ya bar shi da sojoji 3000 kawai da kuma dawakai 150. Hadrumetum yana da wani kakkarfan Garison na Mafi Kyau a ƙarƙashin Gaius Considius Longus da Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso . Kaisar ya yi sansani a kudancin birnin kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin yin shawarwari da Considius, amma Babban Kwamandan ya ƙi karanta saƙonsa. Kaisar ya kai hare-hare da dama a kan birnin, amma ya gano ba shi da mutanen ko kayan da zai kai shi. Sa’ad da ‘yan leƙen asirinsa suka ba da rahoton cewa gungun mayaƙan maƙiya suna kan hanya sai ya yanke shawarar zuwa kudu. Sojojin dawakai na abokan gaba, galibin sojojin haske na Numidian, sun tursasa sojojinsa har zuwa Ruspina ; sun yi ƙoƙari su lika sojojin Kaisar a wurin, suka kewaye shi, sa'an nan kuma suka lalatar da mutanensa kuma suka halaka sojojinsa kamar yadda suka yi wa Curio . Kaisar ya kasance mafi kyawun kwamandan kwamanda fiye da Curio kuma ya ci gaba da yin amfani da sojojinsa don kiyaye Numidians a bay yayin da sojojinsa suka tafi Ruspina. A ranar 29 ga Disamba Kaisar ya isa Ruspina.

## Ruspina
Kaisar ya sanya Ruspina tushen aikinsa. A ranar 1 ga Janairu, ya ɗauki wasu daga cikin mutanensa ya wuce zuwa Leptis inda wasu tarwatsewar jigilar sa suka haɗa shi suna kawo abubuwan ƙarfafawa da ake buƙata. Ranar 4 ga Janairu, Kaisar ya tashi daga Ruspina a kan balaguron neman abinci. Ya fita da rabin karfinsa; Sojoji 9000 a cikin runduna 30 na rashin ƙarfi. Lokacin da 'yan leƙen asirinsa suka ba da rahoton abokan gaba suna nan kusa, ya umarci sojojin dawakinsa da maharba su haɗa shi daga Ruspina. Kaisar sannan ya jira Sojojin Mafi Kyau. An gwabza yaki ; The Optimates, karkashin jagorancin Petreius da Labienus, kusan sun shawo kan karfin Kaisar, amma a karshe Kaisar ya iya fitar da mutanensa ya koma Ruspina. 

## Manazarta