Ma'aikatar Kare Muhalli ta Jihar New York

*Ma'aikatar Kare [[Yanayi na halitta|muhalli]] ta Jihar New York*' (wanda ake kira **NYS**DEC'**'', DEC, **EnCon** ko **NYSENCON''') sashen Gwamnatin jihar New York ne. Ma'aikatar tana jagorantar da kuma tsara kiyayewa, ingantawa, da kariya ga albarkatun kasa na New York; tana kula da filayen kiyaye gandun daji a cikin wuraren shakatawa na Adirondack da Catskill, filayen gandun daji na jihar, da wuraren kula da namun daji; tana tsara Kifi na wasanni, farauta da kamawa; kuma tana tilasta dokokin muhalli da ka'idojin jihar. An tattara ƙa'idodinta a cikin Title 6 na New York Codes, Rules and Regulations. An kafa shi a cikin 1970, ya maye gurbin Ma'aikatar Karewa,  kuma Amanda Lefton ce ke jagoranta. 

NYS DEC tana da kasafin kuɗi na shekara-shekara na kimanin dala miliyan ,588 don shekara ta ,  kuma tana daukar ma'aikata kusan mutane 3,000 a fadin Jihar New York.  Yana sarrafa sama da kadada miliyan huɗu (16,000 ) na ƙasar mallakar jihar da kuma wani kadada 910,000 (3,700 km2) na mallakar masu zaman kansu wanda ke riƙe da wuraren kiyayewa. Ayyukan sashen sun wuce kula da ƙasa da tilasta muhalli don haɗawa da buga mujallar da atlas na tsuntsaye na jihar, da kuma aiki na sansanoni 52 a cikin Adirondack da Catskill Parks.

## Tarihi

### Hukumomin da suka gabata

Yawancin takamaiman ayyuka na DEC na yau sun fara ne a matsayin ayyukan da kwamitocin ko hukumomin da aka kirkira don waɗannan takamaiman dalilai suka yi. Wadannan ƙananan ƙungiyoyi sun haɗu a tsawon lokaci don ƙirƙirar sashen yau, wanda aka kirkira a hukumance a cikin 1970. 

Kwamitin farko na jihar New York da aka keɓe ga albarkatun kasa shine Kwamitin Kifi mai mambobi uku da aka kafa a 1868. Hukumar Kula da dazuzzuka, wacce aka kafa a 1885 kuma aka sake sabuntawa a 1893, an kafa ta ne don kula da sabon wurin adana dazuzzuka a cikin Adirondacks da Catskills, ban da gudanar da sauran gandun daji, shuka bishiyoyi, da gobarar daji a wasu wurare a jihar. An kuma kafa Hukumar Kula da dazuzzuka a cikin 1897, wanda aka caje shi da sayen sabbin ƙasashen jihar don kiyayewa. Hukumar Kifi da Hukumar Kula da dazuzzuka sun haɗu don samar da Hukumar Kifi, Wasanni, da Forest a cikin 1895; an sake masa suna Hukumar Forest, Fish, da Wasanni a cikin 1900. 

Kare albarkatun ruwa na New York ta wata hukumar jihar ta fara ne a 1902 tare da kafa Hukumar Tsaro ta Ruwa, wacce ta zama Hukumar Sayar da Ruwa a 1905. Sabuwar Hukumar samar da Ruwa ta kuma shawo kan Hukumar Inganta Kogin da aka kirkira a 1904. Ayyukan Hukumar samar da Ruwa sun mayar da hankali kan tabbatar da isasshen ruwa ga biranen New York, garuruwa, da ƙauyuka.

A cikin 1911, an haɗa Hukumar Kula da Ruwa, Hukumar Kula da dazuzzuka, da Hukumar Kula da Gidajen daji, Kifi, da Wasan don ƙirƙirar Hukumar Kula da Wasanni, wacce kwamishinoni uku suka jagoranci kula da ruwa, ƙasashe da gandun daji, da kifi da wasa, bi da bi.

Hukumar Kula da Karewa ta zama Ma'aikatar Kula da Kare Muhalli a 1926, biyo bayan babban sake tsara gwamnatin Jihar New York. Sabuwar Ma'aikatar Karewa ta kuma shagaltar da ayyukan Hukumar Kula da Ruwa (wanda aka kirkira a 1921) da Hukumar Kula da Ruwan (wanda aka kafa a 1922), waɗanda aka kafa don saka idanu kan albarkatun wutar lantarki na jihar da kuma tsara kwararar ruwa. Sabon sashen ya hada da Sashen Parks, wanda aka sanya shi babban jami'in Majalisar Parks ta Jiha wanda aka kafa a 1924 don kula da wuraren shakatawa na jihar New York da wuraren tarihi a waje da Forest Preserve.

An kirkiro Ma'aikatar Kare Muhalli ta Jihar New York a cikin 1970 ta hanyar dokar da aka sanya hannu a ranar farko ta Duniya ta Gwamna Nelson Rockefeller na lokacin. An caji sabon sashen tare da ayyukan tsohon Sashen Karewa, ban da ayyukan shirye-shirye da yawa a baya wani ɓangare na Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Jihar New York da sauran kwamitocin; an kuma kirkiro sabbin ofisoshi da yawa.

Wannan dokar ta sauƙaƙa sabon sashen daga ayyukan tsohon Sashen Kula da Gidajen Ruwa; ikon tsohon sashen ya zama Ofishin Kula da Gidan Ruwa, Nishaɗi da Tarihi na Jihar New York mai zaman kansa. 

### Shekaru na 1970
A cikin shekaru goma na farko, ya jagoranci wajen taimaka wa jihar ta bi sabon dokar muhalli ta tarayya. Ayyukan DEC a Love Canal sun taimaka wajen jawo hankalin kasa ga matsalolin da wuraren sharar gida masu haɗari suka haifar. Har ila yau, ya yi aiki don kawo karshen fitar da PCBs na Janar Electric a cikin Kogin Hudson, batun da ke ci gaba har zuwa yau. Ya aiwatar da jerin nau'ikan jinsunan da ke cikin haɗari na farko a New York.

An kuma sanya DEC a matsayin mai kula da sake dubawa da aka gabatar a karkashin Dokar Binciken Muhalli ta Jiha (SEQRA), wanda ya nuna dokokin tarayya. A shekara ta 1972, masu jefa kuri'a sun amince da Dokar Gudanar da Muhalli, wanda ke ci gaba da samar da kudade don sayen ƙasa, taimakon sharar gida, maganin datti, kula da gurɓataccen iska da dawo da albarkatu. Sabuntawa a cikin 1986 ya ba da damar gyara wurare masu haɗari da yawa.

## Manazarta