Al-Tirmidhi

**Abu'Isa Muhammad Ibn'isa as-Sulamī Ad-Ḍarīr al-Būghī a-Tirmidhī** ( Arabic   الترمذي  ; Persian    , *Termezī* ; 824 &nbsp; - 9 ga watan Oktoba, shekara ta 892), sau da yawa anfi kiransa da **Imām al-Termezī / Tirmidhī,** ɗan Persiya    malamin addinin Musulunci da kuma mai tattara hadisi daga Termez (a halin yanzu-rana Uzbekistan ). Ya rubuta *al-Jami` as-Sahih* (da aka fi sani da *Jami` at-Tirmidhi* ), ɗayan littattafan hadisi guda shida a cikin Sunni Islam . Ya kuma rubuta *Shama'il Muhammadiyah* ( *mashahuri da* aka fi sani da *Shama'il at-Tirmidhi* ), hadisi na hadisi game da mutum da halayen annabin musulinci, Muhammad . At-Tirmidhi ya kuma kware sosai game da ilimin larabci na Larabci, yana fifita makarantar Kufa akan Basra saboda tsohuwar adana adabin Larabci a matsayin babban tushe.  

## Tarihin Rayuwa

## Suna da dangi
Sunan Al-Tirmidhi ( *ism* ) shine "Muhammad" yayin da *kunyar* shi " *Abu`* Isa "(" mahaifin Isa "). Ba a tabbatar da asalin zuriyarsa ba. *nasab* (nasabar mahaifinsa) an ba shi daban-daban kamar haka: 

* Muḥammad ibn Ī Īsá ibn Sawrah ( محمد بن عيسى بن سورة  ) &#x200E; 
* Muḥammad ibn ‛Īsá ibn Sawrah bin Mūsá ibn aḍ-Ḍaḥḥāk ( محمد بن عيسى بن سورة بن موسى بن الضحاك  ) &#x200E;    
* Muḥammad ibn Ī Īsá ibn Sawrah ibn Shaddād ( محمد بن عيسى بن سورة بن شداد  ) &#x200E; 
* Muḥammad ibn ‛Īsá ibn Sawrah ibn Shaddād bn aḍ-Ḍaḥḥāk ( محمد بن عيسى بن سورة بن شداد بن الضحاك  ) &#x200E; 
* Muḥammad ibn Ī Īsá ibn Sawrah ibn Shaddād ibn ‛Īsá ( محمد بن عيسى بن سورة بن شداد بن عيسى  ) &#x200E; 
* Muḥammad ibn ‛Īsá ibn Yazīd ibn Sawrah ibn as-Sakan ( محمد بن عيسى بن يزيد بن سورة بن السكن  ) &#x200E;   
* Muḥammad ibn Ī Īsá ibn Sahl ( محمد بن عيسى بن سهل  ) &#x200E;  
* Muḥammad ibn ‛Īsá ibn Sahl ibn Sawrah ( محمد بن عيسى بن سهل بن سورة  ) &#x200E; 

Kuma sananne ne ta hanyar *laqab* "ad-Darir" ("Makaho"). Ance an haife shi makaho ne, amma yawancin malamai sun yarda cewa ya zama makaho ne daga baya a rayuwarsa.   

Iyalan At-Tirmidhi yan' kabilar Banu Sulaym na Arab ne (saboda haka *nisbat* "as-Sulami").  Kakan kakaninsa asalinsa daga Marw (Bahaushe: Merv), amma ya koma Tirmidh.  

## Haihuwa
Muhammad ibn `Isa at-Tirmidhi an haife shi a zamanin mulkin Khalid Khalifa al-Ma'mun . An ruwaito shekarar haihuwarsa kamar 209 AH (824/825).    Adh-Dhahabi kawai ya furta cewa, a-Tirmidhi da aka haife shi a kusa da shekara 210 bayan hijira (825/826),  Kamar haka wasu kafofin ba da shekara haihuwa kamar yadda 210 AH.   Wasu majiyoyi sun nuna cewa an haife shi a Makka (Siddiqi ya ce an haife shi a Makka a 206 AH (821/822))  yayin da wasu suka ce an haife shi ne a Tirmidh ( Farisa : Termez), a cikin abin da yake yanzu Kudancin Uzbekistan .  Ra'ayin da ya fi karfi shine cewa an haife shi ne a Tirmidh.  Musamman, an haife shi a ɗaya daga cikin kewayenta, ƙauyen Bugh (saboda haka *nisbats* "at-Tirmidhi" da "al-Bughi").     

At-Tirmidhi ya fara karatun hadisi yana ɗan shekara 20. Daga shekara ta 235 AH (849/850) ya yi tafiye tafiye a cikin Khurasan, Iraq, da kuma Hijaz don tattara hadisi.    Malamansa da wadanda ya ruwaito daga hadinsa sun haɗa da: 

* al-Bukhari         
* Abū Rajā 'Qutaybah ibn Sa'īd al-Balkhī al-Baghlāni     
* 'Alī ibn Ḥujr ibn Iyās as-Sa'dī al-Marwazī     
* Muḥammad ibn Bashshār al-Baṣrī    
* 'Abd Allāh ibn Mu'āwiyah al-Jumaḥī al-Baṣrī  
* Abū Muṣ'ab az-Zuhrī al-Madanī  
* Muḥammad ibn 'Abd al-Mālik ibn Abī ash-Shawārib al-Umawī al-Baṣrī  
* Ismā'īl ibn Mūsá al-Fazārī al-Kūfi  
* Muḥammad bin Abī Ma'shar as-Sindī al-Madanī  
* Abū Kurayb Muḥammad ibn al-'Alā 'al-Kūfī   
* Hanād ibn al-Sarī al-Kūfī   
* Ibrāhīm ibn 'Abd Allāh al-Harawī  
* Suwayd bn Naṣr bin Suwayd al-Marwazī  
* Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Baṣrī  
* Zayd bin Akhzam al-Baṣrī  
* al-'Abbās al-'Anbarī al-Baṣrī  
* Muḥammad ibn al-Muthanná al-Baṣrī  
* Muḥammad ibn Ma'mar al-Baṣrī  
* ad-Darimi   
* Muslim    
* Abu Dawud    

A lokacin, Khurasan, asalin ƙasa a-Tirmidhi, ya kasance babban cibiyar koyo, kasancewa gida ga yawancin  . Sauran manyan cibiyoyin koyon karatu da At-Tirmidhi suka ziyarta sune biranen Iraki na Kufa da Basra . At-Tirmidhi ya ruwaito hadisi daga malamai 42 Kufan. A cikin *Jami`insa*, ya yi amfani da mafi yawan rahotanni daga malamai na Kufan fiye da na malamai na kowane gari.  

At-Tirmidhi dalibi ne na al-Bukhari, wanda ke tushen a Khurasan. Adh-Dhahabi ya rubuta, "Ilmin hadisi ya zo ne daga al-Bukhari."  At-Tirmidhi ya ambaci sunan al-Bukhari sau 114 a cikin *Jami`insa* . Ya yi amfani da *Kitab at-Tarikh* al-Bukhari *a* matsayin tushe lokacin da yake ambaton bambance-bambance a cikin rubutun hadisi ko masu isar da sahihansa, kuma ya yaba wa al-Bukhari da cewa shi ne mutumin da ya fi kowa ilimi a Iraki ko Khurasan a kimiyancin hadisi. Lokacin da yake ambaton hukunce-hukuncen masana, sai ya bi tsarin al-Bukhari na ambaton sunan Abu Hanifah . Domin bai taba karbar tatsuniya ta masu ruwaya ba don ambaton dokokin Abu Hanifa, a maimakon haka ya danganta su da "wasu mutanen Kufa."  Al-Bukhari ya rike at-Tirmidhi cikin girmamawa sosai. An ruwaito ya fada a-Tirmidhi, "Na sami fa'ida daga gare ku fiye da abin da kuka samu daga gare ni," kuma a cikin *Sahih din* ya ruwaito hadisi guda biyu daga-Tirmidhi.   

AJ Wensinck ya ambaci Ahmad bn Hanbal kamar yadda yana cikin at-Tirmidhi malamai.   Ko ta yaya, Hoosen ya fadi cewa bisa ga ingantattun kafofin da suka dogara, at-Tirmidhi bai taba zuwa Baghdad ba, bai kuma halarci wani laccoci na Ahmad bn Hanbal ba. Haka kuma, at-Tirmidhi bai taba ba da labarin kai tsaye daga Ahmad bn Hanbal a cikin *Jami`insa ba* .  

Da yawa daga malamai-at-Tirmidhi sun koyar da al-Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah, da an-Nasa'i . 

## Rubutu

* Al-Jami` Al-Mukhtasar min As-Sunan `an Rasulillah, wanda aka fi sani da“ Jami` At-Tirmidhi) 
* Al-`Ilal As-Sughra 
* Az-Zuhd 
* Al-`Ilal Al-Kubra 
* Ash-Shama'il An-Nabawiyyah wa Al-Fada'il Al-Mustafawiyyah 
* Al-Asmaa 'wa Al-Kuna 
* Kitab At-Tarikh 

## School of tunani
Imam Tirmidhi ya kasance kusa da Imam Bukhari, Imam Tirmidhi dan Shaf'i ne ko Hanbali. Kammalawa shine ko shi mujthaid ne ko muqallid tunda yana kusa da Imam Bukhari wasu sunce ya bi madhab dinsa. 

## Mutuwa
At-Tirmidhi ya kasance makaho a cikin shekaru biyu na rayuwarsa, in ji adh-Dhahabi.  Ance makantarsa sakamakon tasirin hawaye ne, ko dai saboda tsoron Allah ko kuma mutuwar al-Bukhari .      

An binne At-Tirmidhi a wajen garin Sherobod, mai nisan kilomita 60 daga arewacin Termez a Uzbekistan . A cikin Termez an san shi da suna Abu Isa at-Termezi ko "Termez Ota" ("Uban Termez").  

## Malaman Musulunci na farko

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Biodata a MuslimScholars.info 
* Tarihin Rayuwa a Sunnah.com 
* Tarihin Imam al-Tirmidhi a Sunnah.org  
* Tarihin al-Tirmidhee a theclearpath.com