Nasara ta Pujolar

**Victòria Pujolar Amat** (26 ga Yuli 1921 - 24 ga Yuni 2017) 'yar fafutukar Republican ce ta Spain kuma memba ce a Jam'iyyar Haɗin Kan Gurguzu ta Catalonia . Duk da ramuwar gayya daga gwamnatin Franco, ta sha wahala, ta sha azaba, ɗaurin kurkuku da kuma ƙaura. Ta zauna a Faransa, Czechoslovakia da Romania .   Ba ta taɓa daina gwagwarmayar siyasa ba kuma ita ce muryar farko a cikin Catalan a cikin Rediyon España Independiente,  wanda aka fi sani da La Pirenaica, wanda ke Bucharest .  Ita ma 'yar wasa ce kuma mai zane.  

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Victòria Pujolar Amat a Barcelona a kan 26 Yuli 1921 a cikin iyali mai ci gaba. Mahaifinta Joan Pujoar Marich ma'aikaci ne na Generalidad de Cataluña kuma mahaifiyarta Merè Amat Duran ta yi aiki a Registro Civil.  Ta kasance mai son fasaha da wasanni tun tana yarinya. Ta halarci makarantar firamare a Mutua Escolar Blanquerna, da makarantar sakandare a Instituto Escuela de la La Barceloneta, Barcelona .

## Yaƙin Basasa na Spain da Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu
Ta rayu a lokacin Yaƙin Basasa na Spain da kuma harin bam da aka kai wa Barcelona. A shekarar 1939, bayan da aka kayar da ɓangaren Republican a Yaƙin Basasa na Spain, matashiyar Victòria ta tafi gudun hijira tare da iyayenta a Toulouse, Faransa. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, lokacin da yankin ke ƙarƙashin mamayar Jamus, an kama ta ba tare da takardu ba aka kuma tsare ta a sansanin fursunoni na Récébédou, a kudancin Toulouse. Ta sami nasarar tserewa daga sansanin tare da 'yar uwarta da mahaifiyarta. 

Pujolar ta shiga ƙungiyar matasa masu ra'ayin gurguzu ta Unified Socialist Youth (JSU) ta ƙungiyar ƙungiyoyin gurguzu ta Catalonia ( PSUC ) kuma a shekarar 1944 ta koma Barcelona don shiga ƙungiyar masu ra'ayin gurguzu. Ta sami aiki a matsayin edita a ƙamus na farko na Vox sannan daga baya a ɗakin zane na Edita Bruguera . An naɗa ta a matsayin sakatare janar na Joventut Socialista Unificada de Catalunya (JSUC). An ba ta sunan Anna kuma da kyawun bayyanarta a matsayin *Chica del Eixample* (matashiya daga Eixample), ta sami damar yin hulɗa da 'yan daba a cikin birnin. La'anar ta haifar da kama ta da kuma kama wasu 'yan bindiga, daga cikinsu akwai ɗan daba Francesc Serrat Pujolar Sisquet, shugaban JSU, wanda daga baya aka harbe shi.   An kai ta zuwa ɗakunan ajiya na ofishin 'yan sanda na Vía Layetana, 'yan'uwa Vicente da Antonio Juan Creix, 'yan sanda masu mugunta na , suka yi mata tambayoyi, suka wulaƙanta ta kuma azabtar da ita ƙarƙashin umarnin Kwamishina Eduardo Quintela. 

An tsare ta a gidan yarin mata na Les Corts fiye da shekara guda tana jiran shari'a, Pujolar ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a tsakanin fursunonin, tana haɓaka ayyukan wasanni da kuma zama kyaftin na ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta gidan yarin.  Ta kuma zana wasu wasannin kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo da 'yan mata suka shirya don bukukuwa na musamman. Lokacin Victoria a gidan yarin ya yi daidai da 'yan gurguzu Tomasa Cuevas, Isabel Vicente García, Angela Ramis da kuma Adelaida Abarca Izquierdo da aka haifa a Madrid wacce ta kasance 'yar shekara 20 a cikin ƙungiyar Las Trece Rosas, an yanke mata hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru 20 a gidan yari maimakon kisa saboda ƙuruciyarta. Godiya ga ƙwarewarta ta ƙungiya, Abarca ta zama fursuna mai aminci kuma ta yi amfani da hukuncin da aka yanke mata don yin aiki a ofishin gidan yarin. Ta yi amfani da wasiƙu, fayiloli da bayanai, don sauƙaƙe tserewar Victoria Pujolar tare da hulɗar da suka yi da membobin jam'iyyar a ciki da wajen gidan yarin. Pujolar ta sami damar tserewa, a lokacin da aka mayar da ita Madrid don a yi mata shari'a a kotu .  

Jim kaɗan bayan haka, Adelaida Abarca da Ángela Ramis su ma sun tsere daga kurkukun. 

## Fita

Tare da haɗin gwiwar abokai da iyalai, Pujolar ta sami nasarar ketare kan iyakar Faransa ta isa gidan iyayenta a Toulouse. A shekarar 1947, ta haɗu da ɗan jarida kuma shugaban kwaminisanci Federico Melchor Fernández, wanda ya dawo daga gudun hijira a Mexico, kuma suka yi aure suka haifi 'ya'ya huɗu. 

Ma'auratan sun zauna a birnin Paris lokacin da gwamnatin Faransa ta kori dukkan shugabannin kwaminisanci na ƙasashen waje daga ƙasar, sakamakon yaƙin cacar baka . Sun yanke shawarar yin ƙaura zuwa Prague, inda suka haɗu da Teresa Pàmies . Daga baya, an kira Federico Melchor zuwa Bucharest da ke Romania don ya jagoranci Radio España Independiente (REI) kuma a can suka haɗu da ƙungiyar Catalan, ciki har da Josep Bonifaci i Mora da daga baya Jordi Solé Tura . 

Emili Vilaseca, wacce ke kula da watsa shirye-shiryen REI a cikin harshen Catalan, ta ba Pujolar shawarar ta yi gwajin murya, don haka ta zama mace ta farko da ta yi shela. Ta yi wa masu sauraron Radio Pirenaica a ɓoye a cikin Catalan, a ƙarƙashin laƙabin Montserrat Canigó, aikin da ta yi na tsawon shekaru da nazarin zane da fasaha a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Nicolae Grigorescu . 

## Komawa Spain
A cikin 1966 dangin sun koma Paris kuma Pujolar sun haɗu tare da Dolores Ibarruri da Irene Falcón a *Mujeres Españolas Antifascistas* kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai zane-zane da zane-zane a kan ma'aikatan edita na Mundo Obrero har zuwa 1974. 

Mutuwar tsohon shugaban mulkin kama karya na Spain Francisco Franco ta bude hanyar sauya sheka zuwa dimokuradiyya a Spain . Halatta Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Spain (PCE) ta ba wa ma'auratan damar komawa Madrid. Federico Melchor ya ci gaba da kula da mujallar Mundo Obrero kuma ya kasance memba na kwamitin zartarwa na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Spain har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1985. Pujolar ta sadaukar da kanta ga zane-zane kuma ta gudanar da nune-nunen baya-bayan nan guda uku, a Paris a 1992, a Sala Blanquerna a Madrid a 2002 da kuma a dakin karatu na Francesca Bonnemaison a Barcelona a 2005. [1]

Victòria Pujolar Amat ta mutu a Madrid a ranar 24 ga Yuni 2017, tana da shekaru 95.

## Amincewa da tunawa
A shekarar 2016, ɗan Pujolar, Jorge Amat, wani mai shirya fina-finai ɗan ƙasar Faransa, ya sadaukar da shirin fim ɗin *La memoria rota* (Broken Memory) a gare ta. 

A shekarar 2021, Cibiyar Mata ta Catalan ta tallata bikin tunawa da cika shekaru 100 na haihuwar Pujolar, wanda Gwamnatin Generalitat de Catalunya ta tallafa masa, gami da buga wani littafi na tarihin rayuwa da kuma nune-nune daban-daban.  A watan Janairun 2022, an bude baje kolin ayyukanta na fasaha 'Victòria Pujolar Amat. Diari Íntim' a Gidauniyar Felícia Fuster da ke Barcelona, wanda masanin tarihin fasaha Esther Rodríguez Biosca ta shirya.  

'Yar jarida Elvira Altés ta shirya nunin "Qui és Victòria Pujolar Amat?". 

## Manazarta