Yafa Yarkoni

**Yafa Yarkoni** (Ibraniyawa, kuma **Yaffa Yarqoni**, 24 ga Disamba 1925 - 1 ga Janairu 2012) mawaƙiya ce ta Isra'ila. Ta lashe Kyautar Isra'ila a shekarar 1998 saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga kiɗa na Ibrananci. An kira ta "waƙoƙin yaƙe-yaƙe" na Isra'ila saboda yawan wasan kwaikwayon da take yi wa Sojojin Tsaro na Isra'ila, musamman a lokacin yaƙi.

## Tarihin rayuwa

### Shekaru na farko
An haifi Yarkoni Yafa Abramov a kudancin Tel Aviv ga dangin Yahudawa na Dutsen, waɗanda suka yi ƙaura daga Caucasus.

Yarkoni ita ce ta tsakiya a cikin iyali mai mutane uku, tare da babbar 'yar'uwa, Tikva (an haife ta a 1921), da kuma ƙanenta, Benjamin (an haife ta a 1927). Lokacin da take da shekaru takwas, iyayenta suka sake ta, kuma mahaifinta ya koma Kudancin Rhodesia, wanda ya bar iyalin cikin mawuyacin hali na kuɗi.[1]

A cikin shekarun 1930, ta koma tare da mahaifiyarta da ɗan'uwanta zuwa Givat Rambam, yanzu wani ɓangare na Givatayim, inda mahaifiyarta ta kafa gidan cin abinci mai suna "Tzlil" ("Sound"), wanda ya zama sananne, musamman tsakanin ma'aikatan tsaro da masu fasaha. Ta yi aiki tare da 'yan uwanta a Tzlil . 

Yarkoni ta fara aikinta na fasaha tun tana ƙarama. Ita da 'yan uwanta sun kafa wata kungiya da ake kira Bamati, sunan da aka samo daga asalin dangin hudu, wanda zai yi a gidan cin abinci na mahaifiyarsu. 'Yar'uwar Yarkoni Tikva za ta raira waƙa, ɗan'uwanta Benjamin zai buga piano, kuma Yarkoni kanta za ta yi rawa. 

Kungiyar ta sami shahara a tsakanin masu kula da gidan cin abinci, kuma bayan shawarar da aka ba da ita daga mawaƙa da kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Shmuel Fisher, an yarda da Yarkoni don nazarin rawa na gargajiya a ɗakin Gertrud Kraus. A can, ta kuma koyi yin piano kuma daga baya ta shiga ƙungiyar rawa ta Kraus, wacce ke da alaƙa da Opera ta Kasa ta Falasdinu. Ta yi wasa tare da ƙungiyar na tsawon shekaru 12 har sai rauni a kafa a lokacin wasan kwaikwayon 1945 ya kawo karshen aikinta na rawa.

A ƙarshen 1947, Yarkoni ya shiga cikin Haganah a matsayin mai aiki da rediyo. A lokacin yakin Falasdinu na 1947-1949, ta yi aiki a cikin Givati Brigade kuma ta fara raira waƙa tare da ƙungiyar nishaɗin brigade, "Ha-Hishtron." Waƙoƙin da Toli Reviv da Bobby Panhassi suka rubuta wa ƙungiyar, gami da "Kada ku gaya mani ban kwana," "Sharhoret," da "Ya faru a wannan lokacin kawai," sun haɗu da Yarkoni. Waƙoƙi biyu da ta yi a wannan lokacin, "Ha'amini Yom Yavo" da "Bab al-Wad," sun zama alamomin yaƙi. "Ha'amini Yom Yavo," wanda ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Raphael Kalchkin ya gabatar mata, an fara rera shi ne don jigilar kaya zuwa Urushalima. "Bab al-Wad," wanda Haim Gouri ya rubuta don tunawa da masu tsaron jirgin, ya sami shahara kusan shekara guda bayan yakin ya ƙare.

### Ayyukan waka
A cikin 1948, Yarkoni ya rubuta wani kundi mai nasara a gidan rediyo na Doctor. Daga cikin waƙoƙinta, waƙar "Green Eyes,"  sau da yawa ana ɗaukar ta waƙar pop ta Isra'ila ta farko, ta sami karbuwa sosai. Daga baya ta sanya hannu tare da sabon lakabin rikodin Hed Artzi, inda ta rubuta dukkan kundin ta.

Ɗaya daga cikin kundi na farko, *Bab al-Wad*,  ya ƙunshi waƙoƙi daga Yaƙin Falasdinu na 1948, gami da "Ha'amini Yom Yavo," wanda ta yi a lokacin yaƙin, da waƙoƙoƙi kamar "Gentlemen, History Returns," "Hafinjan," "Han Pasha," "Dudo," da "Zano At. "Waƙoƙin sun zama masu alaƙa da Yarkoni fiye da masu wasan kwaikwayo na asali, ƙungiyar Ha-Hishtron. A shekara ta 1951, ta fitar da kundin waƙoƙin rawa na Isra'ila.

A cikin shekarun 1950 da 1960, Yarkoni ya fito ne a matsayin babban mawaƙin Isra'ila. Yawancin waƙoƙinta na ƙasa, kamar su "A cikin Negev Steppes" (waƙoƙin Raphael Kalchkin)  da "Kakar a cikin Negev" (wa'ikannin: Avshalom Cohen) da "Kakarta a cikin Negев" (waɗikanin Avshalomohen), ana watsa su akai-akai a kan Kol Yisrael's As You Request Hebrew Songs.

Ta kuma sami nasara tare da kiɗa na salon, gami da waƙoƙin waltz da tango, waɗanda suka shahara don rawa a cikin cafes. Kundin ta na 1959, *Nirkoda Im Yafa Yarkoni*,  ya haɗa da waƙoƙi kamar "Habibi," "Arzeno HaKtanah," da "Sh'Harhoret".

Duk da hotunan kafofin watsa labarai na kishiya tare da ɗan'uwan mawaƙa Shoshana Damari, Yarkoni da Damari sun haɗa kai a lokuta da yawa. Yarkoni ya rubuta waƙoƙin yara a cikin shekarun 1950, gami da kundin yara na 1953 Children's Songs as You Request, [1] wanda ya ƙunshi Avshalom Cohen's "A Cart with a Horse" [2] da Yehiel Mohar's "Dubon Yambo. " [3] Kundin Shirim MiKinneret, [4] wanda aka keɓe ga waƙoƙar yara na Naomi Shemer, ya gabatar da aikin Shemer ga masu sauraro da yawa, tare da waƙoƙi kamar "The Mail Comes Today" da "Ahinu Little Brother".

Yarkoni ta lashe matsayi na farko a bikin Singer da Chorus na 1965 tare da "Ayelet Ha'Hen", kuma a 1966 tare da "Ranar Autumn. " A cikin shekarun 1960 da 1970, ta yi wasan kwaikwayo a duniya a wuraren kamar Carnegie Hall, Lincoln Center, L'Olympic, da London Palladium . Ta kuma shafe shekaru hudu a Amurka, ta yi rikodin kundi uku kuma ta yi aiki sosai. A Paris, Yarkoni ya sadu da Boaz Sharabi kuma ya rubuta waƙarsa "Pamela" a karon farko.