Maina Kiai

**Maina Kiai** lauya ce ta Kenya kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam wacce a baya ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto na musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan haƙƙin 'yancin zaman lafiya da haɗin kai daga 1 ga Mayu, 2011, zuwa 30 ga Afrilu, 2017. Tsakanin 2018 da 2024, ya jagoranci shirin Human Rights Watch na Alliances and Partnerships . 

Kiai kuma yana aiki a cikin aikin kare hakkin dan adam a Kenya, inda ya mayar da hankali kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa, tallafawa sake fasalin siyasa, da yaki da rashin hukunci bayan tashin hankali da ya mamaye Kenya a shekara ta 2008. 

## Ilimi, aiki, da kyaututtuka
Kiai ya fara aikin kare hakkin dan adam a shekarar 1992, lokacin da ya kafa Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Kenya. Ya yi aiki a matsayin babban darakta na Hukumar har zuwa Satumba 1998.

Kiai daga nan ya ci gaba da zama Darakta na Shirin Afirka na Amnesty International ta(1999-2001) da kuma Darakta a Afirka na Ƙungiyar Shari'ar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Duniya (yanzu Global Rights, 2001-2003)  kafin a ƙarshe ya zama Shugaban Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Kenya daga 2003 zuwa 2008. 

Daga Yuli 2010 zuwa Afrilu 2011, Kiai ya kasance Babban Darakta na Majalisar Kasa da Kasa kan Manufofin 'Yancin Dan Adam . Ya kuma gudanar da ayyukan bincike a Cibiyar Danish don 'Yancin Dan Adam, Cibiyar Woodrow Wilson ta Duniya don Masana, da kuma Taron TransAfrica . 

Kiai ya kafa kungiyar NGO ta Kenya InformAction a cikin 2010 kuma ya jagoranci shi har zuwa 2019.  Wannan kungiya mai zaman kanta tana amfani da hanyar multimedia - da farko samar da bidiyo - don taimakawa wajen ilimantar da 'yan Kenya game da' yancin bil'adama. InformAction yana amfana daga goyon bayan UNDP, UNDEF a kan Open Society Foundations. Ya riga ya rubuta wani shafi na yau da kullun ga Daily Nation, amma ya yi murabus a cikin 2018, yana mai ambaton zargin tsangwama ga yanke shawara na wallafe-wallafen da gwamnati ta yi  Yanzu yana rubutu ga Standard (Kenya) . 

A watan Oktoba 2016, Kiai ya karbi lambar yabo ta Leo Nevas ta Gidauniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don aikinsa a matsayin mai ba da rahoto na musamman. Kyautar ta amince da "waɗanda suka yi aiki a matsayin wakilai na canji wajen inganta haƙƙin ɗan adam na duniya".  A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2016, an ba shi lambar yabo ta AFL-CIO George Meany-Lane Kirkland Human Rights Award na shekara ta 2016 saboda "daidaitawa da tasiri wajen nuna yaduwar ƙin haƙƙin ɗanɗano na asali a aiki da kuma a cikin al'umma". 

A watan Satumbar 2018, ya shiga Human Rights Watch don ƙaddamar da shirin Alliances and Partnerships . Kiai mai goyon bayan Kamfen ne don Kafa Majalisar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, yana jayayya cewa "haɗin ƙarin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar' yan majalisa da jama'a yana da mahimmanci ga dimokuradiyya Majalisar Dinkinobho".

A watan Mayu 2020, an ambaci Kiai a matsayin daya daga cikin mambobi 20 na farko na Facebook_Oversight_Board" id="mwdg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Facebook Oversight Board">Kwamitin Kula da Facebook, wanda ke yanke shawara game da daidaita abun ciki a Facebook da Instagram.

Kiai lauya ce ta sana'a, an horar da ita a Jami'o'in Nairobi da Harvard . 

## Aiki a matsayin Mai ba da rahoto na Musamman
Maina Kiai ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mai ba da rahoto na musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na farko kan haƙƙin 'yancin zaman lafiya da haɗin kai a ranar 1 ga Mayu, 2011. Ya kammala wa'adinsa na biyu kuma na karshe a ranar 30 ga Afrilu, 2017, kuma Ms. Annalisa Ciampi ta Italiya ta gaje shi. Masu ba da rahoto na musamman suna da 'yanci daga kowane Gwamnati ko ƙungiya kuma suna aiki a cikin ikon mutum.

A matsayinsa na mai ba da rahoto na musamman, Kiai ya rubuta ko kuma ya hada kai da rahotanni bakwai ga Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam kan batutuwan:

* Ayyuka mafi kyau wajen inganta 'yancin taro da ƙungiya (Mayu 2012); 
* Ikon jama'a na samun damar samun kudade da albarkatu (Afrilu 2013);
* Matsalolin kungiyoyin "mafi haɗari" yayin da suke amfani da haƙƙin taronsu da ƙungiya (Yuni 2014);  
* Hakkin 'yancin taron zaman lafiya da na tarayya a cikin mahallin amfani da albarkatun kasa (Yuni 2015);  
* Wani rahoto na hadin gwiwa game da shawarwari don ingantaccen gudanar da tarurruka (Maris 2016), tare da ɗan'uwansa na Musamman Christof Heyns .  
* Tasirin Tushen Tushen a kan taron da haƙƙin ƙungiya (Yuni 2016);  
* Tunanin Duniya Ba tare da Kasancewa ba: Taswirar nasarorin Jama'a (Yuni 2017 - wanda magaji Annalisa Ciampi ya gabatar) 

Kiai ya kuma rubuta rahotanni hudu ga Babban Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, kan batutuwan:

* Hakkin 'yancin zaman lafiya da haɗin kai a cikin yanayin zabe (Oktoba 2013). 
* Tasirin da cibiyoyin da ke da shi a kan ingantawa da kare haƙƙin taro da ƙungiyoyi (Oktoba 2014). 
* Kwatanta ƙasashe jiyya na kasuwanci da ƙungiyoyi, da kuma bincika dalilin da ya sa kasuwancin gabaɗaya ke samun magani mafi kyau (Oktoba 2015). 
* Matsalolin da ma'aikatan da aka fi warewa a duniya suka fuskanta wajen aiwatar da hakkinsu na tarurruka da ƙungiyoyi a wurin aiki (Oktoba 2016). 

Kiai ya kuma kai ziyara ta kasa tara, zuwa Georgia (2012), United Kingdom (2013 & 2016), Rwanda (Janairu 2014), Oman (Satumba 2014), Kazakhstan (Janairun 2015), Chile (Satula 2015), Jamhuriyar Koriya (Janaira 2016) da Amurka (Yuli 2016).

A matsayinsa na Mai ba da rahoto na Musamman, Kiai ya ba da sanarwar manema labarai sama da 190 ta hanyar OHCHR  kuma ya aika da sadarwa sama da 900 ga kasashe membobin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. 

Kiai ya gudanar da ziyarar farko ta hukuma ta kasar zuwa Amurka ta wani mai ba da rahoto na musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan haƙƙin 'yancin zaman lafiya da haɗin kai a watan Yulin 2016. 

## Rashin biyan kuɗi don aikin kare hakkin dan adam
Kiai ya fuskanci barazana da cin zarafi saboda aikinsa na kare hakkin dan adam.

A watan Agustan 2017, an hana Kiai tashi daga Filin jirgin saman Jomo Kenyatta na Nairobi; jami'ai sun yi iƙirarin cewa yana buƙatar izinin gwamnati don barin ƙasar.

A watan Satumbar 2013, Kiai ya ba da rahoton cewa "masu fashi" sun zo gidan mahaifiyarsa a Nyeri kuma sun yi barazanar ƙone shi.

A shekara ta 2008, Kiai na ɗaya daga cikin masu kare haƙƙin ɗan adam da yawa waɗanda suka sami barazanar kisa, yayin da tashin hankali bayan zabe ya ɓarke a Kenya. Wata hadin gwiwar kungiyoyin farar hula na Kenya sun ba da rahoton cewa sun fahimci wani makirci da ya shafi "wani rukuni na mutum biyar ko- haka wanda aka ba shi aiki tare da kawar da, a tsakanin su, Maina Kiai, Shugaban Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Kenya".

## Bayanan da aka ambata