open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Saraya Abdeen

**Saraya Abdeen** (  ) shiri ne na wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi a Masar, An nuna shirin Karo na farko a MBC a ranar 29 ga watan Yuni 2014, marubuciyar Kuwaiti Heba Meshari Hamada ce ta rubuta, Amr Arafa ne ya ba da umarni, Mahmood Shokri ya shirya, taurarin shirin sun haɗa da Qusai Khouli, Yousra, Nour, May Kasab., Ghada Adel da Nelly Karim. Shirin ya mayar da hankali ne kan rayuwar Isma'il Pasha wanda shi ne Khedive na Masar da Sudan daga 1863 zuwa 1879, tare da matansa da ƙwaraƙwaransa da makircinsu na juna tare da bayinsu da bayi.  An saki kakar wasa ta biyu a watan Afrilun 2014 wanda Shadi Abu Al-Oyoun Al-Soud ya bada Umarni. 

## Yan wasan kwaikwayo
* Qusai Khouli a matsayin Isma'il Pasha
* Yousra a matsayin Hoshiyar Qadin
* Nour a matsayin Ferial Qadin
* Nelly Karim a matsayin Gimbiya Safinaz da 'yar uwarta tagwaye Julnar
* May Kasab a matsayin Shafaq Nur Hanim
* Ghada Adel a matsayin Concubine Shams Qadin
* Reem Mustafa a  Concubine Shams Qadin (2nd season)
* Sawsan Arsheed a matsayin Jeshm Afet Hanim
* Alaa Mursi a matsayin Sulaiman
* Dalia Mostafa a matsayin Narges
* Carmen Lebbos a matsayin Nazli
* Nabil Issa a matsayin Detective Ismail
* Mahmood Al-Bazawi a matsayin Abdu
* Anoushka a matsayin Kali Mami
* Khaled Sarhan a matsayin Mustafa Fadhel
* Salah Abdullah a matsayin likitan Palace
* Abdul Hakim Qafttan a matsayin Fakhr Al-Deen
* Nahed El Sebai a matsayin Nakhla
* Yusuf Fawzi as Rostom
* Safaa Al-Tookhi a matsayin Sur khanem
* Nahir Amin a matsayin Dada Ahraqat
* Enji Al-Muqqadem a matsayin Qamar
* Mayar Al-Ghitti a matsayin Nashaa Del
* Mennah Arfa a matsayin Nafisa
* Ahmad Samir a matsayin Omer
* Rauf Mustafa a matsayin Muhammad Ali
* Samar Mursi a matsayin Shams
* Ahmad Khaled a matsayin Tewfik Pasha
* Mohammad Al-Fakhrani as Fuad I
* Marwa Mahran a matsayin Jamalat
* Abeer Faroq a matsayin Asmahan
* Shrif Layla a matsayin Ibrahim Pasha
* Muhamad Mahran a matsayin Hussein Kamel
* Rania Shahin a matsayin Maya
* Amr Bader a matsayin Barakat
* Ehsan Saleh a matsayin Berlentah
* Nafartari Jamal a matsayin Aziza
* Dunia Al-Masri a matsayin Jamila
* Eman Al-Sayed as Fatma
* Noor Hany a matsayin Gimbiya Tawhida
* Wael Najem a matsayin Zenhom
* Yorgo Shalhoub as Ernest
* Rasha Amin a matsayin Maria
* Nera Aref kamar Nilufer
* Majdi Bader as Alewa
* Ayman Al-Shewi as Stephen
* Heba Abdul Aziz as Sophia
* Sharif Shawqi a matsayin Gustav Eiffel
* Duaa Adel a matsayin Tatiana
* Rafi Hamdi a matsayin Rayana
* Abdul Adhem Hamad Alah as Anbar
* Ola Bader a matsayin Bakinam
* Hesham Husam a matsayin Osman
* Mustafa Hamisa a matsayin Cohen
* Paul Iskandar a matsayin shugabar fadar Maurice
* Hatem Jamil a matsayin Etris
* Yosef Al-Asall a matsayin Ferdinand de Lesseps
* Ali Mansour a matsayin mai daukar hoto na Faransa

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin Hadi na waje
* Saraya Abdeen on IMDb
* Saraya Abdeen on elcinema
Harshen Bura

**Bura-Pabir** (wanda kuma aka fi sani da Bura, Burra, Bourrah, Pabir, Babir, Babur, Barburr, Mya Bura, Kwojeffa, Huve, Huviya) yaren Chadi ne da al'ummar Babur/Bura ke magana a Arewa maso Gabashin Najeriya . Yaruka sun hada da Pela, Bura Pela, Hill Bura, Hyil Hawul, Bura Hyilhaul, da Plain Bura. Harshen na da alaka ta kut-da-kut da Kilba, Chibok, Margi da wasu ƴan harsunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya.

## Rubutun Rubutu
A cikin ƙamus na Bura-English  na 2010 Roger Blench ya ba da shawarar rubutaccen rubutu mai kama da na Hausa ya haɗa da haruffan Latin tare da ƙara haruffa ɓ, ɗ, ə, da kuma karin. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da digraphs masu zuwa:

## Bayanan kula

## Nassoshi

* Duniya Atlas na Tsarin Harshe Shiga Bura-Pabir
Yaren Bali (Adamawa)

**Bali** (wanda kuma aka sani da *Bibaali, Maya, Abaali, Ibaale*, ko *Ibaali* ) yaren Niger–Congo ne wanda mutane sama da 100,000 ke magana Ya zuwa 2006) a Demsa, Adamawa, Nigeria. 

## Nassoshi
Harshen Banda

**Banda** iyali ne na yarukan Ubangian da mutanen Banda na Afirka ta Tsakiya ke magana. Ana rarraba harsunan Banda a Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, da Sudan ta Kudu .

## Harsuna

### Olson (1996)
Olson (1996) ya rarraba dangin Banda kamar haka ( Ethnologue 16 yana amfani da wannan rarrabuwa):

* Tsakiya
** Banda ta tsakiya (tarin yare, gami da Mono )
** Yangere
* Banda ta Kudu (SC)
* Mbandja (S)
* Ngbundu (SW)
* West Banda (WC)

### Monino (1988)
An samar da cikakken jerin harsunan Banda da yarukan da aka jera a cikin Moñino (1988) kamar haka. Dukkansu ana magana da su a Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya sai dai idan an lura da su a cikin bakan gizo, tun da ana amfani da wasu yarukan Banda da yare a DR Congo da Sudan ta Kudu . 

; Banda

* Tsakiya (harsuna 39)
** Yakpà (kuma a DR Congo ), Gubú (kuma a DR Congo ), Kpágùà (kuma a DR Congo ), Ngùndù, Bòngò, Wasá (kuma a Sudan ta Kudu ), Dùkpù (kuma a Sudan ta Kudu )
** Lìndá, Jòtò, Ndòkpà, Ngápó
** Southern Gbàgà, Nbìyì, Bèrèyà, Ngòlà, Ndi, Kâ, Gbambiya, Hàì, Galabò, Vídìrì (Mvédèrè) ( also in South Sudan ), Bàndà-Bàndà, Burú (kawai a Sudan ta Kudu ), Wùndù (kawai a Sudan ta Kudu ), Gòv̂òrò (kawai a Sudan ta Kudu )
** Bàndà-Ndele, Bàndà-Kpaya (kawai a Sudan ta Kudu ), Ngàò, Ngbalá, Tàngbàgò (kuma a Sudan ta Kudu ), Júnguru (kuma a Sudan ta Kudu )
** Mbere, Búkà, Mòrùbà, Sàbángà, Wádà (kuma a Sudan ta Kudu )
** Vàrà (kuma a Sudan ta Kudu ), Togbò (kuma a Sudan ta Kudu )
** Yangere
* Na gefe (harsuna 11)
** *West Central* : Dákpá, Gbî, Northern Gbàgà, Wójò
** *Kudu ta Tsakiya* : Làngabàsi (ko Làngbàsi  ) (kuma a DR Congo ), Ngbúgù, Làngbà
** *Tsakiya* : Mbanza (kuma a DR Congo ), Mbanja (a cikin DR Congo kawai)
** *Kudu maso yamma* : Ngbùndù (kuma a DR Congo ), Kpala (kawai a DR Congo )

Ƙungiyoyin Banda- Ndélé sune Govo, Ngàjà, Gbòngó, Mbàtá, Gbàyà, Tulu, da Dabùrù (Moñino 1988).

## Tasirin Sudan ta Tsakiya
Harsunan Banda suna da wani yanki na Bongo-Bagirmi (Cloarec-Heiss 1995, 1998). Sudan ta tsakiya, musamman Bongo-Bagirmi, tasiri yana bayyana a cikin fasahar Banda phonology, morphosyntax, da lexicon (ciki har da ƙamus na al'adu, da sunayen flora da fauna). Yawancin waɗannan tasirin ba su nan a cikin sauran rukunin harsunan Ubangian.  

## Manazarta

## Bayanan kula
* Olson, Kenneth S. (1996) 'Akan kwatanta da rarraba yarukan Banda'. *Chicago Linguistic Society (CLS)* 32(1). 267-283.
Tug of War (fim 2021)

**Tug of War** (sunan asali: **Vuta N'Kuvute**) wasan kwaikwayo ne na siyasa na ƙasarTanzaniya da aka shirya shi a shekarar 2021 a game da soyayya da juriya da aka nuna a cikin shekarun karshe na mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya a Zanzibar. Amil Shivji ne ya ba da umarnin fim ɗin bisa ga littafin da Adam Shafi ya lashe lambar yabo mai suna iri ɗaya.   Tug of War  shine shigarwa ta biyu ta Tanzania, kuma ta farko a cikin shekaru 21, don bada kyautar Academy Award Best International Feature category.  A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2022, an ba shi lambar yabo ta Tanit d'Or, babbar lambar yabo a bikin fina-finai na Carthage na Tunisia.

## Labarin fim
Da yake faruwa a cikin 1950s Zanzibar, an kafa *Tug of War* a lokacin yunkurin samun 'yancin kai ga Zanzibar, sannan wata Kariyar Biritaniya. Denge, wani matashi mai gwagwarmayar 'yanci da aka horar a Tarayyar Soviet, yana rarraba takardu masu taken "Free Zanzibar" kuma yana ɗaukar mutane zuwa aikin. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda ya dauka ita ce Yasmin, amaryar da ta gudu daga wani gata, manyan ajin Indiya-Zanzibari. Ta fada cikin soyayya da Denge kuma ta himmatu ga yunkurin samun 'yancin kai.

## Kyautattuka

* Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Zanzibar International Film Festival 2022 (Tanzaniya)
* Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Gabashin Afirka Zanzibar Bikin Fina-Finan Duniya 2022 (Tanzaniya)
* Mafi kyawun Jarumin Zanzibar International Film Festival 2022 (Tanzaniya)
* Kyautar Jury ta Musamman Seattle International Film Festival 2022 (Amurka)
* Mafi Dogon Almara Mashariki Bikin Fina-Finan Afirka 2021 (Rwanda)
* Kyautar Oumarou Ganda don Mafi kyawun Fiction FESPACO 2021 (Burkina Faso)
* Doha Film Institute Post Production Fund Fund 2020 (Qatar)
* Visions Sud Est Post Production Fund 2020 (Switzerland)
* Asusun Samar da Cinema na Duniya 2019 (Jamus)

## Bukukuwa

* Bikin Fim na Duniya na Toronto (2021)  inda shine fim ɗin Tanzaniya na farko da aka nuna a TIFF 

* Bikin Fina-finan Afirka (2022) 

* Seattle International Film Festival (2022) 

* Bikin Fim ɗin Black Star (2022)
* Bikin Fim na Afirka Cologne (2022)
* Afrykamera (2022)
* Bikin Fina-Finan Duniya na Qisah (2022)
* Bikin Fim na Carthage (2022)
* Bikin Fina-Finan Duniya na Kerala (2022)

## Manazarta
Coz Ov Moni

***Coz Ov Moni*** - Fim din Musical na Pidgen na farko a Duniya fim ne na 2010 wanda FOKN BOIS ta samar kiɗa mai shirya fina-finai Dan Ghana mai zaman kansa King Luu ne ya ba da umarni.

Fim din kiɗa ne gaba ɗaya ana magana da shi a cikin Turanci na Pidgin na Ghana, amma ana nuna subtitles.

## Bayani game da shi
A safiyar yau da kullun a Gbese, Accra, FOKN BOIS (duo mai rabawa M3NSA da Wanlov the Kubolor) sun farka kuma sun shirya zuwa clubbing tare da wasu abokai mata bayan sun bi wani mai bashi don kuɗin su. Bayan sun sami kuɗin, sai suka tashi don busa shi akan abinci, biki da mata tare da sakamako mai ban dariya da ban mamaki. Yayin da yake tafiya a cikin rana, labarin ya nuna ainihin gwagwarmayar matasa na Ghana a Ghana ta zamani duk da abubuwa masu karfi na ban dariya.   suke da shi na 'yanci kuma da alama mai girman kai ya sa su zama abokan gaba kaɗan yayin da rana ke ci gaba wanda ya haifar da ƙarshen ban mamaki.

## Ƴan wasa

* M3NSA
* Wanlov mai launin shudi
* Reggie Rockstone
* Samini
* Macho Rapper
* Mutombo Da Mawallafi
* Mokin

## Saki
din  fara ne a Ghana a ranar 15 ga Mayu 2010 a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Ghana a Accra, kuma an fara shi a Ingila a ranar 22 ga Yuli 2010 a The Ritzy a Landan.Fim din kuma gabatar da fim din a bukukuwan fina-finai daban-daban, gami da bikin fina-fukkuna na Rio (Rio de Janeiro), bikin fina-fukki na Pan African (Los Angeles), bikin fina'a na Black Filmmakers International (Landan), Bikin Fim na Pan African Film (Cannes), kuma ya kasance babban fim a African Weekender (Sussex). [1] D baya aka sake shi a matsayin haɗin VCD / CD guda biyu, tare da fim ɗin da aka nuna a kan CD ɗin bidiyo na faifai 1, kuma sauti na fim ɗin da ake nunawa a faifai 2.

An sake sake sakewa da sauti sau ɗaya a matsayin Kweku Ananse + FOKN BOIS. Coz Ov Moni - The Remix EP, wanda ya ƙunshi waƙoƙin da aka sake maimaitawa gaba ɗaya daga Soundtrack ta hanyar mai gabatar da Ghana Kweku Ananse .

## Kyaututtuka da girmamawa

* Ghana UK-Based Achievement Awards: 1
** Kyautar Nasara ta Musamman: 2011

## Duba kuma

* Coz Ov Moni 2 (FOKN Revenge) (2013), Sakamakon

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Coz Ov Moni [maɓallin mutu na dindindin] Shafin yanar gizon hukuma
Harshen Kakabe

**Kakabe** yaren Mande ne na ƙaaar Guinea . Sannan kuma Masu magana da yaren Kakabe suna zaune a cikin tudun Futa-Jallon da ke ƙasar Gini .  Kakabe na cikin ƙungiyar Mokole, wacce ita ce kungiya mafi kusanci da mutanen Manding ta fuskar al'adu da harshe. Ana magana da yaren a ƙauyuka da yawa waɗanda ke kan tudun Futa-Jallon a ƙasar Guinea . 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Albarkatun sauti da bidiyo a cikin harshen Kakabe ta Alexandra Vydrina (shafi: Tarin Pangloss )
* Rumbun ELAR na Bayani da Takardun Harshen Kakabe ta Alexandra Vydrina (shafi: ELAR )
* Kakabe DoReCo corpus wanda Alexandra Vydrina ya tattara. Rikodin sauti na rubutun labari tare da daidaitawar lokaci a matakin waya, fassarorin, da bayanan yanayin yanayin lokaci.
Jerin abubuwan gabatarwa na Ghana don lambar yabo ta Kwalejin ga Mafi kyawun Filayen Fim ɗin Duniya

Ghana ta  gabatar da fim don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Duniya a karo na farko a cikin 2019.  Ana  da kyautar a kowace shekara ta Cibiyar Nazarin Hotuna da Kimiyya ta Amurka zuwa fim mai tsawo wanda aka samar a waje da Amurka wanda ya ƙunshi tattaunawa da ba ta Turanci ba.}}  a kirkireshi ba har sai da aka ba da lambar yabo ta Kwalejin ta 1956, inda aka kirkirar lambar yabo ta Academy of Merit, wacce aka fi sani da Kyautar Fim ta Harshen Ƙasashen Waje, don fina-finai da ba na Turanci ba, kuma ana ba da ita kowace shekara tun daga lokacin.

## Abubuwan da aka gabatar
Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Motion ta gayyaci masana'antun fina-finai na kasashe daban-daban don gabatar da fim mafi kyau don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje tun 1956.  Kwamitin Kyautar Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen Waje yana kula da tsari kuma yana nazarin duk fina-finai da aka gabatar.  wannan, suna jefa kuri'a ta hanyar kuri'un sirri don tantance wadanda aka zaba guda biyar don kyautar. Da ke ƙasa akwai jerin fina-finai da Ghana ta gabatar don sake dubawa ta Kwalejin don kyautar ta shekara da kuma bikin bayar da kyautar Kwalejin.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin wadanda suka lashe kyautar Kwalejin da kuma wadanda aka zaba don fina-finai mafi kyawun harshe na waje
* Jerin fina-finai na harsunan kasashen waje da suka lashe kyautar Kwalejin

## Bayanai
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## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Bayanan Bayanan Kwalejin Kwalejin
* Bayanan Bayanan Bayanai na Hotuna
* Shafin Kyautar Kwalejin IMDb
Harshen Karon

**Harshen **Karon** ko **Kalɔɔn*'  harshe ne na [[Senegal]] da [[Gambiya]] da ke cikin haɗari . Yana cikin reshen Bak na dangin yaren [[Harsunan Nijar-Congo|Nijar–Congo]], kuma yana da alaƙa da yaren Mlomp musamman.

Ana magana da Karon a wani yanki na bakin teku a arewacin bakin [[kogin Casamance]] . Ana kiran mutum *alɔɔn* a cikin harshen, kuma masu magana suna kiran harshensu kamar *kägup kɔlɔɔnay'' . 

## Fassarar sauti

### Consonants

### Wasula

Tushen harshe na ci gaba yana da alamar lafazin m /á/.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Shigar Karon a cikin Red Littafin UNESCO na Harsunan Ƙarfafa
White Shadow (film)

***White Shadow*** fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na ƙasa da ƙasa da aka shirya shi a shekarar 2013 wanda Noaz Deshe ya rubuta, ya samar kuma ya ba da umarni.  Wani haɗin gwiwar ƙasa da ƙasa  tsakanin Jamus, Italiya da Tanzania, fim ɗin ya fara fitowa a cikin Critics" Week selection a 70th Venice International Film Festival a ranar 2 ga watan Satumba, 2013.  Ya lashe kyautar The Lion of the future award a  the festival.	

Fim ɗin  ya fara fitowa a gasar cin kofin fina-finai ta duniya a 2014 Sundance Film Festival a ranar 17 ga watan Janairu, 2014.    Fim ɗin kuma  an nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na ƙasa da ƙasa na San Francisco a ranar 4 ga watan Mayu, 2014.  Ryan Gosling tare da Matteo Ceccarini da Eva Riccobono sun yi aiki a matsayin masu gabatar da fim ɗin.

## Labarin fim
Alias, wani matashin Albino, ya gudu daga wurin likitocin yankin, waɗanda ke farautar Albinos don amfani da sassan jikinsu wajen yin maganin.

## 'Yan wasa

* Hamisi Bazili a matsayin Alias
* James Gayo a matsayin Kosmos
* Glory Mbayuwayu a matsayin Antoinette
* Salihu Abdallah
* Riziki Ally a matsayin Uwa
* John S. Mwakipunda a matsayin Anulla
* Tito D. Ntanga a matsayin Uba
* James P. Salala a matsayin Adin

## liyafa
*White Shadow* ya sami mafi yawa tabbataccen reviews daga masu suka. Guy Lodge na *Variety*, ya ce a cikin bitarsa cewa "Noaz Deshe ya fara fitowa mai ban mamaki tare da wannan wasan kwaikwayo game da cinikin Albino da yawa na Afirka."   Boyd van Hoeij a cikin sharhinsa na *The Hollywood Reporter* ya ce "Wannan labari mai ban tausayi na gwagwarmayar wani matashi zabiya a Tanzaniya ya yi tsayi da yawa amma duk da haka yana yawan kamawa."  Jessica Kiang ta *Indiewire* ta kammala fim ɗin B+ kuma ta yaba wa fim ɗin da cewa "Dole ne mu yarda, ya ɗauki haƙuri da farko, sannan duk jijiyar mu, don yin shi har zuwa ƙarshe, amma hakan kawai a sanya shi fim ɗin da ke da ban tsoro kamar yadda batunsa ya ba da izini."

## Yabo
 

## Manazarta
Yaren Jeri

**Jeri** kalmar rufewa ce ta harshen Mande biyu na arewa maso yammacin ƙasar Ivory Coast da kuma kudu maso yammacin ƙasar Burkina Faso . An yi tunanin su biyun har zuwa yanzun nan a matsayin yarukan yare guda ɗaya, to amma yanzu an san cewa sun bambanta. Harshen Burkina Faso Jalkunan (Blé, Dyala, Dyalanu, Jalanu), kuma harshen Ivory Coast shine Jeri Kuo (Celle, Jeli Kuo). Jeri Kuo yana magana ne daga mutanen da suka zama 'yan tsiraru kamar ƙabila a cikin wani yanki na masu magana da Senufo. Ana kuma tunanin harshen yana cikin hatsari, inda kashi 90% na ƙabilar Jeri suka koma cikin harsunan yankin. Mutanen da ke magana da Jalkunan ƙauyen Blédougou ba mutanen ƙauye ba ne, duk da cewa ƙauyukan da ke kusa da wasu ƙabilun suna da ɓangarori gabaɗaya da ’yan fashi da masu sana’ar fata. Jula (Dioula) ne ke maye gurbin Jalkunan,  to amma ba a kai ga halaka ba tukunna.

## Manazarta
Yaren Jala

**Jalaa** (autonym:  ), wanda kuma aka fi sani da **Cèntûm**,   **Centúúm** or **Cen Tuum**, is an extinct language of northeastern Nigeria (Loojaa settlement in Balanga Local Government Area, Gombe State), of uncertain origins, apparently a language isolate. The Jalabe (as descendants of speakers of the language are called) speak the Bwilim dialect of the Dikaka language. It is possible (but unconfirmed) that some remembered words have been retained for religious ceremonies, but in 1992 only a few elders remember words that their parents had used, and by 2010 there may not even remain any such rememberers.**Centúúm** ko **Cen Tuum**, wani yare ne da ba a taɓa gani ba a arewa maso gabashin Najeriya (Loojaa mazaunin karamar hukumar Balanga, a jihar Gombe ), wanda ba a tabbatar da asalinsa ba, da alama ya keɓe . Jalabe (kamar yadda ake kiran zuriyar masu magana da harshen) suna magana da yaren Bwilim na yaren Dikaka . Yana yiwuwa (amma ba a tabbatar ba) an ajiye wasu kalmomin da aka tuna don bukukuwan addini, amma a shekara ta 1992 wasu dattawa kaɗan ne kawai suke tunawa da kalmomin da iyayensu suka yi amfani da su, kuma a shekara ta 2010 ba za a sami masu tuna irin wannan ba. 

An ce Jalabe sun zo Loojaa ne daga wani yanki mai tazarar mil a kudu a cikin tsaunin Muri, inda suka yi matsuguni da dangin Tso da Kwa. (Sunan wannan mazaunin, Cèntûm ko Cùntûm, ana amfani da su azaman sunan harshen a wasu wurare. Dattawan Jalaa sun bambanta a ko sun yarda Jalaa ko Centum/Cuntum shine ainihin sunan su ga kansu.) Daga baya, a cikin karni na sha tara. Dikaka sun isa yankin, suna gujewa hare-hare daga babbar Waja zuwa arewa; Cham ya yi aure da Jalabe, sai Jalabe ya fara amfani da harshen Dikaka.

Masana harshe Jala'a kamar haka. 

## Lexicon
Kamus na Jalaa shima Dikaka ya yi tasiri sosai (wanda shi kuma ya yi tasiri); Hakanan ana samun wasu kamanceceniya tare da Tso na kusa. Duk da haka, yawancin ƙamus ɗinsa ba sabon abu bane. A cikin kalmomin Kleinewillinghöfer, "Babban ɓangaren ƙamus yana da alama ya bambanta gaba ɗaya daga duk harsunan da ke kewaye, waɗanda kansu ke wakiltar iyalai daban-daban na harshe."

Dikaka da Tso a al'adance sun guji yin amfani da sunayen matattu. Lokacin da waɗannan sunaye su ma kalmomi ne na harshe, kamar yadda sau da yawa ya faru, wannan ya tilasta musu canza kalmar, wani lokaci ta hanyar maye gurbinta da kalma daga harshen makwabta. Kleinewillinghöfer ya ɗauki wannan a matsayin abin ƙarfafawa ga wasu lokuta na aro daga Jalaa zuwa Dikaka.

### Lambobi
Lambobin 1-6 a Jalaa sune:

# 
# , 
# , 
# , 
# 
# 

Sama da 5, lambobin sun kusan kama da Dikaka. Lambobin 2 zuwa 5 sun kusan kama da Tso, yayin da "ɗaya" ba shi da cikakkun bayanai.

## Ilimin Halitta
Halin halittar Jalaa (aƙalla a halin yanzu) yana kusan kama da na Cham . Babban bambance-bambance a tsarin ajin suna su ne nau'i biyu na jam'i: Jalaa  da Cham  da (ga mutane) Jalaa  ,  da Cham  .

Halin halittar sunan suna kama da na Cham, amma tare da wasu bambance-bambance. Wasu nau'ikan sunaye guda ɗaya da jam'i a cikin Jalaa da Cham: 

## Duba kuma

* Harshen Bung
* Yaren Komta

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

*  

## Manazarta
Kwaku Ananse (fim)

***Kwaku Ananse***  wani ɗan gajeren fim ne na shekarar alif 2013 wanda Akosua Adoma Owusu ya jagoranta. Wannan gajeren fim din ya haɗu da abubuwa masu ban sha'awa tare da labarin Kwaku Ananse, mai yaudara a cikin labarun Afirka ta Yamma da Caribbean wanda ya bayyana a matsayin gizo-gizo da mutum. Labarin Kwaku Ananse ya haɗu tare da labarin wani matashi mai suna Nyan Koronhwea, wanda ya halarci jana'izar mahaifinta. A jana'izar, ta koma cikin dazuzzuka don neman mahaifinta. Fim din  fito ne daga sanannen mawaƙi Koo Nimo da tsohuwar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Grace Omaboe . 

Mai shirya fina-finai na Pakistan-Amurka da kuma ɗan kasuwa Iram Parveen Bilal ne ya rubuta rubutun. An rubuta rubutun ne ga MamaYaa Boafo, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo 'Yan Pakistan da aka haifa a Ghana, wacce aka fara jefawa a matsayin Nyan Koronhwea . , ƙungiyar samarwa a Birnin New York ta yanke shawarar sake fasalin halayen a lokacin matakin kafin samarwa tare da Jojo Abot, mai zane-zane na Ghana mai tasowa.

## Bayani game da shi
Dangane da tarihin Ghana, wannan gajeren fim din ya haɗu da abubuwan da suka shafi rayuwar Owusu tare da al'adun gida don ba da labarin wata matashiyar Amurka da ta koma Afirka ta Yamma don jana'izar mahaifinta, kawai don gano ɓoyayyen asalinsa biyu.

Kwaku Ananse labari ne na gargajiya na Yammacin Afirka game da wani mutum wanda wani bangare ne na mutum da wani bangare na gizo-gizo, wanda ke ciyar da shekaru yana tattara dukkan hikima duniya a cikin tukunya. Yayin da yake ƙoƙarin ɓoye tukunya a cikin itace, ba zai iya samun hanyar da za ta sanya shi a cikin rassansa ba. Lokacin da ƙaramin ɗansa, Ntikuma ya nuna masa hanyar, Kwaku Ananse ya yi fushi sosai, sai ya jefa tukunya a ƙasa. Yana fashewa kuma hikima ta ɓace. Kowane mutum ya gaggauta wuce, yana fatan ceton abin da zai iya.

Nyan Koronhwea ta koma ga mahaifinta Kwaku Ananse's origin Ghana don jana'izarsa. Sun rasa hulɗa da juna tun da daɗewa. Tana da ra'ayoyi masu rikitarwa game da rayuwar mahaifinta tare da iyali daya a Ghana da kuma wani a Amurka.  yake jana'izar ta mamaye ta, sai ta koma duniyar ruhu don neman Kwaku Ananse .

## Kyaututtuka
zabi *Kwaku Ananse* don Golden Bear a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Berlin kuma ya lashe kyautar Best Short Film a 9th Africa Movie Academy Awards .Fim din  kuma sami ambaton juri na musamman a kungiyar Cinémas et Cultures d'Afrique ta 2015 a Angers, Faransa.

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* 
* Hotunan Obibini LLC
* Kanopy.com/product/kwaku-ananse" id="mwnQ" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Kwaku Ananse a kan Kanopy
* Grasshopper Film LLC
* Fim a Cibiyar Lincoln
* Bikin Fim na Duniya na Toronto
* Kungiyar Cinemas da Al'adu na Afirka
Yaren Iyive

**Iyive**, wanda kuma ake kira **Uive**, **Yiive**, **Ndir**, **Asumbos**, harshe ne na Bantoid mai hatsarin gaske wanda ake kuma magana a Najeriya da kuma Kamaru .  Ƙabilar da kuma aka ayyana ta hanyar amfani da wannan harshe ita ce ake kira Ndir.   

## Janar bayani
Iyive yaren Tivoid ne na ƴan ƙasar Kamaru kusa da Tiv dace .   Ana kuma magana ne a yankin Kudu maso Yamma a yankin Manyu, arewa maso gabashin garin Akwaya da ke kan iyakar Najeriya, ƙauyen Yive.  Duk da cewa suna zaune ne a kasar Kamaru, galibin al'ummar Iyive masu amfani da yare sun tilastawa komawa ƙasar Najeriya saboda rikici. 

## Matsayin hukuma
Iyive yana shiga cikin haɗari sosai kuma an sanya shi a matsayin daga cikin ƙwaƙƙwara saboda yaren da tsofaffin mutanen Ndir ne kawai ke magana da shi ba a ba da shi ga matasa ba.   Iyive baya samun tallafi daga wata hukuma ko kuma wata cibiyoyi na gwamnati. 

## Tsarin rubutu
An rubuta Iyive ta amfani da rubutun Latin

## Duba wasu abubuwan

* Harshen da ke cikin haɗari
* Harsunan Tivoid
* Kamaru
* Mutuwar harshe
* Najeriya

## Manazarta

### Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
Blench, RM  Harshe: Iyive , , 2010

 , Aikin Harshen da kume ke Kashe Ƙarfafawa
Harshen Himba

***Hamba*** (Himbaka), wanda aka fi sani da sunan **Simba**, yaren Bantu ne wanda ya mutu a ƙasar Gabon .

## Manazarta
A Summer in La Goulette

***Lokacin bazara a cikin La Goulette*** ( ,  ) fim ne da aka shirya shi a shekarar 1996 na darektan Tunisiya Férid Boughedir. Labari ne na yadda dangantakar da ke tsakanin ƙasashe biyu ta taɓarɓare a yankin La Goulette na duniya bayan kawo karshen mulkin Faransa, musamman dangantakar musulmi da yahudawa da yakin kwanaki shida ya shafa da kuma karuwar tasirin Musulunci ga al'ummar Tunisia.

Har ila yau, fim ɗin yana nuna 'yar asalin La Goulette Claudia Cardinale a matsayin kanta. An shigar da fim ɗin a cikin bikin 46th na Berlin International Film Festival.

## Labarin fim
Youssef (Mustapha Adouani) Musulmi ne da ke aiki a  TGM kuma yana zaune a La Goulette. Babban abokansa         su ne Bayahude Jojo mai siyar da brik da Sicilian Catholic Giuseppe mai kamun kifi, waɗanda kuma makwabta ne.  'Ya'yansu mata sun girma tare kuma suna raba abubuwan     da suke da shi na rayuwa, amma mai gidan Hadj Beji (Gamil Ratib) yana kallon 'yar Youssef Meriem (Sonia Mankaï).

## 'Yan wasa

* Gamil Ratib: Hadj Beji
* Mustapha Adouani: Yusuf
* Guy Nataf: Jojo
* Ivo Salerno: Giuseppe
* Michel Boujenah Saukewa: TSF
* Claudia Cardinale: kanta
* Sonia Mankaï: Merim
* Ava Cohen-Jonathan: Tina
* Sarah Pariente: Gigi
* Kais Ben Messaoud: Chuku
* Mohammed Dris: Miro.

## Duba kuma

* *Le Chant des mariées*

## Manazarta
Twenty Years of African Cinema

***Twenty Years of African Cinema*** (    ) wani fim ne da aka shirya shi a shekarar 1983 na Tunisiya wanda Férid Boughedir ya jagoranta.

## Takaitaccen bayani
Fim ɗin (kamar yadda taken ya nuna) ya waiwayi shekaru 20 na fina-finan Afirka da ke nuna hirarraki da ’yan fim masu zaman kansu na farko irin su Sembene Ousmane da Djibril Diop Mambéty da suka shawo kan cikas (rashin kuɗi da tallafi) don ba da ingantattun labaran Afirka bayan shekaru na nahiyar kasancewar. wani wuri na cinema na Westernized mai cike da hotunan mutanensa a matsayin rashin mutuntaka.  

## Legacy
An nuna shi a cikin sashin Un Certain Regard a 1983 Cannes Film Festival.  A cikin watan Afrilu 2019, an zaɓi sigar fim ɗin da aka dawo don nunawa a sashin Cannes Classics a bikin Fim na Cannes na 2019. 

## Duba kuma

* Cinema ta Duniya ta uku
* Mulkin mallaka

## Manazarta
Golden Horseshoes

***Golden Horseshoes*** ( , fassara.&nbsp;Safa'ih min dhahab, ) fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo ne na Tunisiya da aka shirya shi a  shekarar 1989 wanda Nouri Bouzid ya jagoranta. An nuna shi a cikin sashin Un Certain Regard a 1989 Cannes Film Festival.

## Labarin fim
Youssef Soltane ɗan kasar Tunisiya dan shekaru 45 da haifuwa, ya samo asali ne daga tsararrakin da suka rayu a zamanin farin ciki da akidu masu girma a cikin shekaru sittin, da gazawarsu daga baya. An tsare shi da azabtarwa saboda ra'ayinsa na siyasa. Bugu da ƙari, dangantakarsa da Zineb, matashi, kyakkyawan bourgeois, kawai ya kawo masa matsala. A cikin wani dogon dare na hunturu, Youssef ya yi yawo don neman mafakar tunani, yana kamawa ga duk tambayoyin da suka mamaye tunaninsa.

## 'Yan wasa

* Hichem Rostom a matsayin Youssef
* Hamadi Zarrouk
* Michket Krifa
* Chadia Azzuz
* Fatma Atiya
* Sondos Belhassen
* Saida Ben Chedli
* Bechir Bouzaiane
* Walid Bouzayane
* Sabah Bouzouita
* Marianne Catzaras
* Khaled El Bibi
* Martine Gafsi
* Fethi Haddaoui
* Rym Keshi
* Farah Khadar
* Rashed Manai

## Manazarta
Jagun Jagun (Fíìmù Nàìjíŕà)

***Jagun Jagun*** fim ne mai ban sha'awa wanda Netflix ya fitar a cikin shekara ta alif dubu biyu da Ashirin da uku 2023. Fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo, wanda Femi Adébayo da Euphoria360 Media suka shirya.  Adebayo Tijani da Tope Adebayo Salami sune daraktocin wasan. Daga cikin mahalarta taron akwai Femi Adebayo, Lateef Adédiméji, Bimbo Ademoye, Faithia Balogun, Mr Macaroni, Bukunmi Oluwashina, Ibrahim Yekini da Muyiwa Ademola . Netflix ya fitar da nunin a ranar goma 10 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta alif dubu biyu da ashirin da uku 2023, don kallo.

## Mahallin tarihi
Fim din *Jagun Jagun* ya samo asali ne daga labarin wani jarumi mai suna Ogundiji. Wannan jarumin yana da karfi, shahararre ne, kuma yana jawo tsoro ga garuruwan yankinsa, amma karfin wani matashi mai suna Obutija da ya zo horo domin daukar fansar mahaifinsa ya fara tsorata shi.  Tunda yankin Ogundiji ya kasance ‘yan mulkin mallaka kuma ya samu nasarori da dama wajen karbe garin don ba wa shugabannin da ba su dace ba. Shigowar Abbottija da sauri ya ba shi tsoro, ya fara laluben hanyoyi daban-daban don fitar da shi daga hanya.  

## Mahalarta

* Femi Adebayo as Ogundiji
* Lateef Adémidéji as Gbotija
* Adebayo Salami (Oga Bello)
* Bukunmi Oluwashina
* Odunlade Adekola as Jigan
* Muyiwa Ademola as Oniketo
* Ibrahim Yekini Itele
* Bimbo Ademoye as Morohunmbo
* Faithia Balogun as Erinfunto
* Dayo Amusa as Ajepe
* Malam Macaroni
* Yinka Quadri
* Ibrahim Chatta
* Kunle Afod
* Yemi Elesho (Alfa Ebenezer)
* Aishah Lawal
* Dele Odule
* Ayo Ajewole (Tsohon Annabi)
* Soji Taiwo 

## Ci gaba
Fim din *Jagun Jagun* an yi shi ne a yammacin Najeriya, kuma an kwashe sama da wata guda ana fitar da shi.  Wata ‘yar fim mai suna Bukunmi Oluwashina ta bayyana cewa Femi Adebayo ya zabe ta ne a kan labarin da ya yi shekara daya da ta wuce, kafin a fara aikin fim din. 

Femi Adebayo, wanda ya shirya fim din ya tabbatar da cewa aniyarsa ita ce ya sa fim din *Jagun Jagun* ya samu nasara fiye da wadanda ya yi a baya, har ma fiye da *Sarkin barayi* . 

A ranar goma 10 ga watan Agusta (Agusta 10), shekarar alif dubu biyu da ashirin da uku 2023, an fitar da fim ɗin *Jagun Jagun* akan Netflix. A cikin sa'o'i arba'in da takwas 48 da sakin ta, ta fara yaduwa a cikin Burtaniya da wasu kasashe goma sha bakwai 17.  A cikin kwanaki uku da fitowar fim din, mutane miliyan biyu da dubu ɗari2,100,000 ne suka kalli fim din, kuma a karshen kwanaki ashirin 20, watan Agusta, shekara ta alif dubu biyu da ashirin da uku 2023, mutane miliyan ukku da dubu ɗari bakwai 3,700,000 ne suka kalli fim din. Wannan ya sa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan fina-finai goma 10 da aka fi kallo. 

## Nassoshi
Black Venus (fim 2010)

***Black Venus*** ( ) fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo ne na Faransa da Tunisiya da aka shirya shi a shekarar 2010 wanda Abdellatif Keshishi ya jagoranta. Ya dogara ne akan rayuwar Sarah Baartman, wata mace Khoikhoi wadda a farkon ƙarni na 19 aka nuna a Turai a ƙarƙashin sunan "Hottentot Venus".  An zabi fim ɗin a Golden Lion a bikin 67th Venice International Film Festival,  inda aka ba shi lambar yabo ta Equal Opportunity Award. 

## Labarin fim

Paris 1815, Royal Academy of Medicine . "Ban taɓa ganin kan mutum kamar na birai ba". Tsayawa ta hanyar gyare-gyare na jikin Saartjie Baartman, hukuncin masanin jikin mutum Georges Cuvier yana da mahimmanci. Shekaru bakwai da suka gabata, Saartjie ta bar asalin Afirka ta Kudu tare da ubangidanta, Caezar, don fallasa jikinta da aka kulle ga masu sauraro na wasan kwaikwayo na London. 'Yanci kuma bauta duka a lokaci guda, "Hottentot Venus" ya zama gunkin a cikin ƙauyuka, wanda aka ƙaddara a sadaukar da shi don neman hangen nesa na wadata.

## 'Yan wasa

* Yahima Torres a matsayin Sarah Baartman
* Andre Jacobs a matsayin Caezar
* Olivier Gourmet a matsayin Réaux, le forain
* Elina Löwensohn a matsayin Jeanne
* François Marthouret a matsayin Georges Cuvier
* Jean-Christophe Bouvet a matsayin Mercailler
* Jonathan Pienaar a matsayin Alexander Dunlop
* Phillip Schurer a matsayin Peter Wageninger
* Ralph Amoussou a matsayin Harry

## liyafa
*Black Venus* yana riƙe da 100% rating akan Rotten Tomatoes, dangane da sake dubawa biyar.

## Manazarta
Games of Love and Chance

***Games of Love and Chance*** () wani fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Faransanci na Tunisiya  a shekara ta 2003 wanda Abdellatif Keshishi ya ba da umarni kuma tare da tauraruwa Sara Forestier. Ya lashe lambar yabo ta César Award for Best Film, Best Director, Best Writing da Most Promising Actress.

An nuna fim ɗin a Seine-Saint-Denis a cikin makonni 6 a cikin watan Oktoba da Nuwamba 2002. 

## Takaitaccen bayani

Ƙungiya ta matasa daga ayyukan gidaje na kewayen birnin Paris suna yin wani nassi daga wasan kwaikwayon *The Game of Love and Chance* na Marivaux da ajin Faransanci. Abdelkrim, ko Krimo, wanda da farko ba ya yin wasan kwaikwayo, ya ƙaunaci Lydia. Don ƙoƙarin lalata ta, ya karɓi aikin Arlequin kuma ya shiga cikin maimaitawa. Amma rashin kunyarsa da rashin kunya sun hana shi shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo da kuma samun nasara tare da Lydia.

## 'Yan wasa
Ban da Sara Forestier, da yawa daga cikin ƴan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin wannan fim ba su da kwarewa a cikin fina-finai kuma an ɗauki su musamman don fim ɗin. 

* Osman Elkharraz a matsayin Krimo
* Sara Forestier a matsayin Lydia
* Sabrina Ouazani a matsayin Frida
* Nanou Benhamou a matsayin Nanou
* Hafet Ben-Ahmed a matsayin Fathi, babban abokin Krimo
* Aurélie Ganito a matsayin Magalie, budurwar Krimo (sun rabu kusa da farkon fim)
* Carole Franck a matsayin Farfesa na Faransa
* Hajar Hamlili a matsayin Zina
* Rachid Hami a matsayin Rachid/Arlequin
* Meryem Serbah a matsayin mahaifiyar Krimo
* Hanane Mazouz a matsayin Hanane
* Sylvain Phan a matsayin Slam
* Olivier Loustau, Rosalie Symon, Patrick Kodjo Topou, Lucien Tipaldi a matsayin 'yan sanda
* Reinaldo Wong a matsayin Couturier
* Nu Du, Ki Hong, Brigitte Bellony-Riskwait, Ariyapitipum Naruemol, Fatima Lahbi

## liyafa
Games of Love and Chance sun sami ƙimar amincewar 79% akan Rotten Tomatoes  da 71/100 akan Metacritic. 

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* 
* Games of Love and Chance at AllMovie
* Games of Love and Chance at Rotten Tomatoes
* Games of Love and Chance at Metacritic 

## Manazarta
Harshen Gweno

**Genoa** (kighonu, ga mazaunanta) yare ne na Bantu da ake magana dashi a Dutsen Arewacin Pare a Yankin Kilimanjaro na Tanzania . Mutanen da aka sani da Gweno (ko kuma yadda ya kamata *Asu* ) ƙabilar Chaga ce da kuma ƙungiyar harshe. Tun da kuma mutanen Chaga masu magana ne na Bantu, yaren da aka karɓa ya ƙunshi yaruka masu kama da na yaren Kenya Kamba. Gweno yana da alaƙa da kuma kashi 54% zuwa kashi 56% na ƙamus tare da kuma wasu yarukan Chaga da kashi 46% tare da yarukan Taita. , yawancin itafai irin su ƙamus ba a gani a cikin sauran yarukan. Har ila yau Kuma, a farkon ƙarni na 11, mutanen Chaga sun sauko kuma sun yi ƙaura daga ƙungiyar Bantu inda suka yi ƙaura zuwa gindin Dutsen Kilimanjaro. H Gweno a yau ana magana da shi galibi daga tsofaffi, tare da ƙarni da suka sauya zuwa Asu da kuma Swahili. Ethnologue  ɗauki Gweno a matsayin mai mutuwa; [1] ba a ba da harshen ba saboda ba a fallasa yara ga Gweno ba tun daga shekarun 1970s.  Canjin ƙarni daga Gweno zuwa  dai Asu ko kuma Swahili tabbas ya haifar da sauye-sauye a cikin yaren da ake amfani da shi, duk da haka kuma masu magana da Gweno ba sa ganin wannan a matsayin barazana ce.

## Manazarta

## Kara karantawa
Sewangi, Seleman S. (2008). *Kigweno: Msamiati wa Kigweno–Kiswahili–Kiingereza / Gweno–Swahili–Hausa Lexicon* . ISBN .

* ISBN&nbsp;

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Harshen Gweno  a Aikin Harsunan Ƙarfafa
* Sisfofin lambobi da aka samo a cikin LingWeb
* Gweno, ɗan sanannen yaren Bantu na Arewacin Tanzaniya
Harshen Goundo

**Goundo** kusan Harshen Adamawa ne na Chadi. Yana ɗaya daga cikin mambobi uku na ƙungiyar yarukan Kim, tare da Kim da Besme .

Manya manya suna magana da yare ne kawai, saboda yawancin matasa sun koma Kabalai da Nancere .

*Ethnologue* ya lissafa kauyukan Goundo kamar Goundo-Bengli, Goundo-Nangom, da Goundo-Yila a cikin kananan hukumomin Kélo da Lai, Yankin Tandjilé 

## Manazarta
Arab Blues

**Arab Blues** (Faransa Un divan à  lit.  couch in Tunis') fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Faransa da Tunisia da aka shirya shi a shekarar 2019 wanda Manele Labidi Labbé ya jagoranta a farkon fitowar sa.  An nuna shi a cikin sashin Venice Days a bikin fina-finai na Venice na 2019  sannan kuma a cikin sashen fina-finai na duniya na zamani a bikin fim na Toronto na 2019.   Fim ɗin game da wani masanin ilimin halayya ɗan ƙasar Tunisia Selma ne wanda, bayan ya yi karatu a birnin Paris, ya koma Tunisia don bude aikin halayyar mutum.

## 'Yan wasa

* Golshifteh Farahani a matsayin Selma
* Hichem Yacoubi a matsayin Raouf
* Moncef Anjegui a matsayin Mourad
* Majd Mastoura a matsayin Naim

## Sakewa
Fim ɗin ya kasance farkon farkonsa na duniya a Bikin Fim na Duniya na Venice na 76, yayin Venice days, a ranar 4 ga watan Satumba 2019.  Farkon  sa na Arewacin Amurka ya kasance a cikin sashin Cinema na Duniya na Zamani a Bikin Fim na Duniya na Toronto na 2019 a ranar 8 ga watan Satumba 2019.

## liyafa

### Box office
*Arab Blues* ta samu dala miliyan 3.7 a duk duniya,  sabanin kasafin samarwa na kusan dala miliyan 2.4. 

### Amsa mai mahimmanci
A  Faransanci review aggregator AlloCiné, fim ɗin yana riƙe da matsakaicin rating na 3.7 daga 5, dangane da 24 masu sukar sake dubawa.

## Manazarta
Harga (fim)

***Harga*** (wanda kuma aka sani da "La Brûlure") fim  ne da aka shirya shi a shekarar 2010. 

An nuna fim ɗin a bikin Fina-finan Duniya a Montreal a shekara ta 2010  da kuma a Festival de la Citoyenneté a Tunis a shekara ta 2011. 

## Takaitaccen bayani
Hichem ya yi mafarki da "harga" tun yana yaro. Wata rana ya tashi a kan teku zuwa Turai, a cikin babban balaguron haramtacciyar tafiya a cikin buɗaɗɗen jirgin ruwa tare da wasu 'yan Tunisiya 27, waɗanda wasu daga cikinsu abokansa ne. Hichem ne kaɗai ya dawo. Sauran 'yan Tunisiya sun gaya mana dalilin da ya sa suke so su bar ƙasarsu: Talauci, rashin aikin yi, rashin bege na gaba, tarko a cikin matattu. A shirye suke su yi wani abu don inganta yanayinsu, kuma hakan ya haɗa da jefa rayuwarsu cikin haɗari.

## Manazarta
Upon the Shadow

***Upon the Shadow***  ( 2017) fim ɗin Faransa da Tunisiya wanda Nada Mezni Hafaiedh ya jagoranta a cikin shekarar 2017. Fim ɗin ya tattauna batun nuna wariya dangane da yanayin jima'i da asalin jinsi a Tunisiya.

An fara fim ɗin a 2017 Thessaloniki Documentary Festival. 

## Takaitaccen bayani
Amina Sboui 'yar fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama ce da kawayenta ke kewaye da ita da mutanen da iyalansu suka ki amincewa da su saboda yanayin jima'i da jinsi da kuma waɗanda suke mafaka a gida. A ƙauyen Sidi Bou Said, ta gano ƙalubalen da al'ummar LGBTQI+ ke fuskanta a Tunisiya a gwagwarmayar da suke yi na nuna wariya dangane da yanayin jima'i da jima'i.

## 'Yan wasa

* Amina Sabou
* Sandra Neifer
* Ramy Ayari
* Atef Pucci
* Ayoub Moumene

## liyafa
Fim ɗin ya lashe kyautar Bronze Tanit a lokacin bikin fina-finai na Carthage na shekara ta 2017 a cikin nau'in "Fim ɗin mai fasalin Documentary".

## Duba kuma

* Hakkin LGBT a Tunisiya

## Manazarta
Harshe Dobase

**Dobase** harshe ne na Cushitic da ake magana da shi a gundumar Dirashe ta musamman na yankin al'ummai, da kuma jama'a ta Kudu da ke kudancin ƙasar Habasha . Lokacin da Blench a shekarar (2006) ya mayar da Bussa daga Dullay zuwa reshen Konsoid na Cushitic, ya bar yarukan Mashole, Lohu, da kuma Dobase (D'oopace, D'opaasunte) a baya a matsayin harshen Dobase. 

## Manazarta
Yaren Bussa

**Bussa**, ko **Mossiya**, yare ne na Cushitic da ake magana a cikin Dirashe na musamman woreda na Kudancin Al'ummai, Kasashe, da Yankin Jama'a da ke kudancin Habasha. Mutanen da kansu, wadanda suka kai 18,000 bisa ga ƙididdigar shekara ta 2007, suna kiran yarensu *Mos* *sittaata*.

Blench shekarar (2006) ya sake rarraba Bussa daga Dullay zuwa Konsoid reshen Cushitic, amma ya bar Mashole, Lohu, da Dobase (D'oopace, D'opaasunte) a cikin Dullay a matsayin harshen Dobase. Yana ɗaukar Mashile (Mashelle) a matsayin yare dabam a cikin Konsoid. 

Harsunan Cushitic da Omotic da ke kewaye da Bussa suna da tasiri sosai kuma ya kamata a yi la'akari da su cikin haɗari a cewar Gurmu shekar (2005). Masu magana da nau'ikan Bussa na Arewa suna canzawa zuwa Oromo, Dirasha ko Amharic, yayin da masu magana da harshen Bussa iri-iri suna canzawa zuwa harsunan Omotic Zargulla, Zayse da Gamo . Muhimman abubuwan da ke haifar da ci gaban harshe sun haɗa da auratayya da wasu ƙabilun da kuma cudanya da mutane makwabta.

## Manazarta

* Gurmu, Alemayehu [2005] 'Wasu Bayanan kula game da Al'amuran Harshen Zamantakewa na Bussa' (takardar da ba a buga ba da aka gabatar a *taron kasa da kasa kan Harsunan Habasha da ke cikin hadari*, Addis Ababa 27-30 Afrilu 2005)
* Wedekind, Klaus (ed.) (2002) 'Rahoton binciken zamantakewa na harsunan Gawwada (Dullay), Diraasha (Gidole), Muusiye (Bussa) yankunan.' Rahoton SIL Electronic Survey 2002-065 .

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
Harshen Bullom So

Harshen **Bullom So**, wanda kuma ake kira **Mmani**,  **Mani**, ko **Mandingi**, harshe ne mai hatsari a halin yanzu ana magana da shi a wasu kauyuka kaɗan a yankin Samu na gundumar Kambia ta Saliyo, kusa da iyakar Guinea . Yana cikin reshen Mel na dangin yaren Nijar – Kongo kuma yana da alaka da yaren Bom musamman. Aure tsakanin Bullom Don haka masu magana da masu magana da Temne da Susu ya zama ruwan dare. Kamar yadda sauran masu magana da Bullom haka duk sun haura 60, ana daukar harshen a matsayin ƙazafi .&#x5B; ** &#x5D; [ da'awar iri daya a cikin Eth. An yi watsi da 15 ]

## Tarihi
A cewar Childs, Mani sun taba mamaye wani yanki mai girma fiye da inda ake jin yaren a yau. A farkon karni na 18, masarautar Mani ta tashi daga Saliyo zuwa Guinea.  Daga baya masu magana da Temne-Baga sun maye gurbinsu tare da yankin bakin teku, daga baya kuma ta hanyar Soso, ta hanyar yaki, mamayewa da tattarawa. 

## Rabewa
Harshen Bullom So (Mani) yaren Niger-Congo ne na rukunin kungiyar Mel . Yana da alaka da Kisi, Sherbro, Kim da Bom . 

## Fassarar sauti

### Prosody
Mafi yawan nau'in harafi a Bullom So (Mani) shine CV da CVC.  Har ila yau, hanci na iya zama syllabic, ko da yake sun kasance ba a sani ba, kamar V kawai. 

Ana saka wasula idan codeas na harafi ya ƙunshi hanci . Ga wasu misalai daga Childs (2011: 37):

*Regressive hanci Assimilation*

* /wam/ [wãm] or [wã] 'ten'
* /tún/ [tũ] 'commit'
* /bin/ [bĩ] 'plank'
* /nyɛ̀n/ [nyɛ̃] 'baki'

## Nahawu

## Rubutun Rubutu

### Rubutun Mani kafin karni na Ashirin da daya
Gustavus Reinhold Nyländer ya fassara Bisharar Matta zuwa Bullom So, kuma an haɗa wasu sassan Littafi Mai Tsarki a cikin Littafinsa na Addu'a. Kungiyar Mishan ta Ikilisiya (CMS) ta buga wadannan a cikin 1816.

#### Misalin Rubutu a cikin Rubutun Nyländer

##### Addu'ar Ubangiji

##### Tsare-tsare daga “Tattaunawa Tsakanin Mai Wa’azin Kirista da dan Kasar Bullom”

### Mani da aka rubuta a cikin karni na Ashirin da ɗaya

#### Samfuran Rubutun daga Aikin Takardun Mani

## Manazarta

## Adabi

* Yara, G. Tucker (2011). *Nahawun Mani* . ( *Mouton Grammar Library* ; 54.) Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton. ISBN&nbsp;
* Yara, G. Tucker (2007). *Hin so suke* ! *oma* si fɔ mfɔ mmani! (A Mani primer). Portland; KO: Real Estate Publishers, Inc.
* Moity, Marcel (1948). Étude sur la langue mmani (ms ba a buga ba). Dakar: IFAN.
* Moity, Marcel (1957). Bayanan kula tabbas les mani (Guinée Française). *Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'Afrique Noire* 19:302-307.
* Nyländer, Gustavus Reinhold. 1814. *Nahawu da Kalmomin Harshen Bullom.* London: Kungiyar Mishan ta Kirista.
* Pichl, Walter J. (1980). Mmani. A cikin *Tassoshin Bayanan Harshen Yammacin Afirka, vol.* *2* . ME Kropp Dakubu (ed.), 1–6. Accra da Leiden: Ƙungiyar Harsuna ta Yammacin Afirka da Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka.

## Hanyoyin hadi na waje

* Zaɓi Sashe na Littafin Addu'a gama-gari, bisa ga Amfani da Ikilisiyar United Church of England and Ireland (1816), wanda Gustavus Reinhold Nyländer ya fassara, Richard Mammana ya lazimta.
* Mani Documentation Project (2004-2006), Takardun yaren Mani, harshen Kudancin Atlantic na Niger-Congo
Harshen Boon

**Boon** ko **Af-Boon** harshe ne na Cushitic da ke kusa bacewa wanda mutane 59 (a shekara ta 2000) ke magana a gundumar Jilib, yankin Juba ta Tsakiya, Somaliya . A cikin shekarun baya-bayan nan sun koma yaren Maay na Jilib. An ba da rahoton duk masu magana a cikin 1980s sun girmi 60. Ayyukansu na al'ada sune mafarauta, masu aikin fata da, kwanan nan, masu yin takalma . 

Lamberti  da bin sa *Ethnologue* da *Glottolog* suna barin yaren da ba a tantance shi ba a cikin Kushitic ta Gabas.   Blench (2006) ya bar shi a matsayin wanda ba a rarraba shi a cikin *Cushitic*, saboda bayanan sun yi yawa don ba da izini fiye da haka. 

Ba kamar harsunan Somaliya ba, sunaye da karin magana a Boon galibi suna ƙarewa da wasula, misali afi 'baki', 'jididi ', illa 'eye', luki 'kafa'; hebla 'shi' (cf. misali Somali af, hebel 'wani', tushen, il, lug ; hebel 'wani'). Kalmomi da yawa waɗanda ba su da ƙima a cikin Somaliya amma har yanzu a cikin wasu yarukan Cushitic Lamberti ya lura da su::

* *bafee* 'huhu' ~ Oromo *bafeed* 'to numfashi' (bambanta *sambab* ' huhu')
* *booGo* 'jaw' ~ Oromo *bookho* (contrast Somali *daan* )
* *dhinne* 'rib' ~ Oromo *čʼinnač* (contrast Somali *feer* )
* *helliiso* 'hanta' ~ Rendille *xelesi* (kwatankwacin *giyar* Somaliya)

Wasu kalmomi kamar ba a san su ba ne: 

* *dimbaro* 'lip'
* *kumburi* 'koda'
* *figgilo* ' farce '
* *gabo* 'breast'
* *maaka* 'knee'
* *muddur* 'yatsa'
* *naju* 'man'
* *naata* 'jiki, fata'
* *simbiino* ' hawaye'

## Bayanan kula

## Manazarta

*
Harshen Bom

**Harshen Bom** (sakewa: **Bome**; **Bomo**)  yare ne mai haɗari na Saliyo . Yana cikin reshen Mel na dangin yaren Nijar-Congo  sannan kuma yana da alaƙa da harshen Bullom So. Yawancin masu magana suna da Harsuna biyu a Mende. Amfani  harshen Bom yana raguwa tsakanin membobin kabilanci a yankin al'ummar 

## Masu magana
Adadin masu magana ya tashi daga kashi 15  zuwa 1669 (ƙididdigar 2015)  don Krim da 20  zuwa 'yan ɗari don Bom. 

## Rabewa
Bom yaren Bullom ne na Arewa. Yaren **Krim** (wanda kuma aka sani da Dilan Hassan)  masu iya magana suna ɗaukar yare daban-daban, saboda masu iya magana suna da bambancin ƙabila kala-kala. 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Shigar Bom a cikin Jajayen Littafin UNESCO na Harsuna masu Kashewa
* EndangeredLanguages.com Bayanan martaba don Bom 
* Samfurin sauti na Bom wanda aka haɗa a cikin bidiyo akan Harsunan da ke cikin haɗari
Villa 69

***Villa 69*** (Larabci: فيلا ٦٩) wasan kwaikwayo ne na ƙasar Masar na shekarar 2013 na darakta Ayten Amin. Taurarin shirin sun haɗa da Khaled Abol Naga, Lebleba, da Arwa Gouda. Fim din ya nuna Naga a matsayin mai zane-zane na rashin lafiya wanda, yayin da yake rayuwa cikin farin ciki a kadaici, an tilasta masa ya canza salon rayuwarsa lokacin da ƴar uwarsa da jikansa suka bi shi. Amin ne ya jagoranci fim ɗin kuma Al Massa Art Production ne ya rarraba shi. An ɗauki shirin fim fim ɗin a wurare da yawa a Masar ciki har da Manial da Alkahira.

Fim ɗin Villa 69 ya samu wahayi ne daga mahaifin darakta (Mahaifin Ayten Amin ) wanda ya yi fama da rashin lafiya na tsawon shekaru biyu kafin ya rasu, wanda shi ne lokaci mafi kusanci da dangi tare da shi. Amin ya ce: "Na gane cewa shekaru biyun da suka gabata sune mafi kyau." Wannan gogewa tare da mahaifinta ba mai ban mamaki ba ne, amma ƙari game da shawo kan rikice-rikice na yau da kullun. Don haka, a cikin fim ɗin Amin, dattijon da ke fama da rashin lafiya, mai rugujewa, Hussaini abin yabo ne ga mahaifinta; fada da kanwarsa da kaninsa, har sai da tausasan bangarensa ya nuna.

## Yan wasan kwaikwayo

* Khaled Abol Naga a matsayin Hussein
* Lebleba a matsayin Nadra
* Arwa Gouda a matsayin Sanaa
* Omar El Ghandour a matsayin Seif
* Heba Yousry a matsayin Hanaa
* Khairy Beshara a matsayin The General
* Sally Abed a matsayin Aya
* Youssra El Hawary a matsayin Ehsan
* Emad Maher a matsayin Hamdy
* Amgad Riad a matsayin Heidar
* Sedky Sakhr a matsayin Salah

## Kyaututtuka

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin Hadi na waje
* Full movie on YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QS0b7ebKk50
* IMDB Listing - https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2993434/
* Trailer - https://vimeo.com/77136810
* Soundtrack - https://soundcloud.com/object-obscure/sets/villa-69-soundtrack