Andrée Borrel

**5Andrée Raymonde Borrel** (18 November 1919 – 6 July 1944), code named **Denise,** was a French woman who served in the French Resistance and as an agent for Britain's clandestine Special Operations Executive in World War II. The purpose of SOE was to conduct espionage, sabotage, and reconnaissance in occupied Europe against the Axis powers, especially Nazi Germany. SOE agents allied themselves with resistance groups and supplied them with weapons and equipment parachuted in from England.

Marubucin Elizabeth Nicholas ya bayyana ta a matsayin "mai girma" a cikin Faransanci Resistance, a watan Satumbar 1942, Borrel ita ce mace ta farko ta SOE da ta isa Faransa ta hanyar parachute, wanda kuma ya sanya ta mace ta farko da aka sani da ta shiga cikin yankin abokan gaba.[1] Da yake zaune a birnin Paris, ta zama memba na cibiyar sadarwa ta SOE Prosper (wanda ake kira "zagaye" da "reseau) a cikin Faransa da aka mamaye. Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai aika saƙo. Prosper ita ce babbar hanyar sadarwa ta SOE a Faransa kuma Borrel muhimmiyar adadi ce a cikin jagorancinta. Gestapo ta kama ta a watan Yunin shekara ta 1943. [1] Daga baya aka kashe ta a watan Yulin 1944 a sansanin Natzweiler-Struthof . [1]

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Andrée Borrel a cikin iyalin ma'aikata a Bécon-les-Bruyères, wani yanki na arewa maso yammacin Paris, Faransa. Tana da kyau a wasanni, yayin da 'yar'uwarta (Léone) ta bayyana Borrel a matsayin yarinya wanda ke da ƙarfi, jimiri da sha'awar yaro kuma abubuwan da ya fi so su ne keken keke a cikin ƙauyuka, tafiya da hawa.

Mahaifinta (Louis) ya mutu lokacin da take da shekaru 11, kuma don taimakawa wajen tallafawa iyalinta Borrel ta bar makaranta tana da shekaru 14 don yin aiki ga mai tsara tufafi. Lokacin da take da shekaru 16, iyalinta suka koma Paris, inda Borrel ta yi shekaru biyu a matsayin mataimakiyar shago a Boulangerie Pajo, gidan burodi. Bayan wannan ta yi aiki a Bazar d'Amsterdam a matsayin mataimakiyar shagon da ta ba ta damar yin ranar Lahadi don ta iya jin daɗin sha'awar keke. A watan Oktoba 1939, an shawarci mahaifiyar Borrel (Eugenie) da ta koma yanayin zafi don lafiyarta, don haka ta dauki Andrée da 'yar'uwarta zuwa Toulon a bakin tekun Bahar Rum inda suke da abokai na iyali.

Ba da daɗewa ba kafin Yaƙin Duniya na II ya ɓarke, tausayi na Borrel ya kai ta zuwa Spain don taimakawa gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Republican a yaƙin da take yi da Nazi-supported fascists a Spain. Koyaya, ta gano cewa yaƙin ya ɓace, kuma ta koma Faransa.

## Ayyukan yaki a Turai (1939-42)

Lokacin da Yaƙin Duniya na II ya ɓarke Borrel ta tafi aiki tare da Red Cross don ba da gudummawa ga ayyukanta.   Ta shiga cikin darasi na hadari a aikin jinya wanda ta kammala a ranar 20 ga watan Janairun 1940, wanda ya cancanci ta zama ma'aikaciyar jinya a cikin Association des Dames Françaises .   Da farko a Hôpital Compliméntaire a Nîmes a farkon watan Fabrairu, kodayake an tura Borrel bayan kwana 15 bayan wani doka cewa ba a yarda ma'aikatan jinya a ƙarƙashin shekaru 21 su yi aiki a asibitoci ba. An soke wannan dokar bayan 'yan kwanaki kuma an tura ta Hôpital de Beaucaire a Beaucaire.  Ɗaya daga cikin abokan aikin Borrel a can shine Lieutenant Maurice Dufour, kuma lokacin da aka rufe asibitin an tura su duka zuwa Hôpital Compliméntaire . Zuwa ƙarshen Yuli za a rufe asibitin kuma, bisa ga buƙatar Dufour, an ba Borrel damar yin murabus daga wannan ma'aikatar soja, bayan haka nan da nan ta tafi aiki tare da Dufour don Pat Line, ƙungiyar karkashin kasa wacce Dufour ke da hannu.

A farkon watan Agusta 1941, Borrel da Dufour sun kafa Villa Rene-Therese a bakin tekun Canet, a bakin tekunin Bahar Rum kusa da Perpignan kusa da iyakar Spain. Wannan ya zama gidan tsaro na karshe na Pat Line (kafin hanya mai wuya da haɗari a kan Pyrénées), hanyar tserewa da Albert Guérisse ya kafa (wanda MI9 ke tallafawa), wanda ya taimaka wa 'yan saman Burtaniya da aka harbe su a kan Faransa, jami'an SOE, Yahudawa da sauransu su tsere daga Faransa da ke karkashin ikon Jamus.   Gidan ya zama karami sosai kuma a farkon watan Oktoba sun hayar Villa Anita. Zuwa ƙarshen watan Disamba, Jamusawa sun lalata hanyar tserewa. Borrel da Dufour sun sami wasu mafaka don kauce wa kamawa har sai sun tsere a kan Pyrénées a tsakiyar Fabrairu zuwa Spain kuma daga can zuwa Portugal, inda suka tashi zuwa Ingila (Dufour a ranar 29 ga Maris 1942 da Borrel a ranar 24 ga Afrilu 1942).  

## Zuwan Ingila

Ba da daɗewa ba bayan saukowa a Ingila, kamar duk masu zuwa daga nahiyar, an kai Borrel zuwa Royal Patriotic School, cibiyar tsaro ta MI5. Rahoton su ya kammala da cewa:

Borrel ta so ta shiga cikin Sojojin Faransa amma ba su da sha'awar 'yan ƙasar Faransa da suka yi aiki tare da Burtaniya (waɗanda suke da hannu sosai a cikin hanyar tserewa da Borrel ke aiki tare da ita), kuma ba su da masaniya game da Borrol yayin da ta ki bayyana bayanai game da duk ayyukanta na baya. Daga baya ne Borrel ya kusanci Babban Jami'in Ayyuka na Musamman kuma ya shiga ta a ranar 15 ga Mayu 1942.

## Babban Jami'in Ayyuka na Musamman (1942-44)
Borrel ya yi kama da irin mace SOE da ake buƙata don wakilin filin. Mai tambayoyinta na SOE ya yi sharhi:

## Manazarta