Émilienne Morin

**Émilienne Léontine Morin** (29 Oktoba 1901 - 14 Fabrairu 1991) 'yar fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ce ta Faransa, 'yar jarida kuma mai rubuta tarihin ɗan adam. An haife ta a cikin dangin masu ra'ayin gurguzu na anarchist, ta shiga ƙungiyar masu ra'ayin gurguzu ta Faransa tun tana ƙarama, ta ci gaba da rubutu a jaridunta da kuma ba da gudummawa ga kamfen ɗin kare haƙƙin ɗan adam na anarchist. A shekarar 1927, ta haɗu kuma ta kamu da soyayya da Buenaventura Durruti, wani mai ra'ayin gurguzu na Spain wanda ta shiga cikin kare haƙƙin ɗan adam na shari'a. Ta bi shi zuwa Belgium, inda ta rayu rayuwa ta ɓoye har zuwa lokacin da aka ayyana Jamhuriyar Spain ta Biyu . Daga nan ta koma Barcelona ta shiga Ƙungiyar Ƙwadago ta Ƙasa (CNT). Morin ta yi fama a sabon gidanta saboda rashin fahimtar harshen Sifaniyanci, nuna wariya ga jinsi da yawa da mazan masu ra'ayin gurguzu na Spain suka nuna, da kuma rashin Durruti na dogon lokaci a rayuwarta. Ta renon ɗansu, Colette, a matsayin iyaye ɗaya tilo, yayin da Durruti ta shafe mafi yawan shekarun da suka biyo baya a gudun hijira ko kurkuku. Bayan barkewar Yaƙin Basasa na Spain, ta haɗu da abokiyar ƙawarta a fagen Aragon, inda ta kasance mai kula da Durruti Column . Morin ta bar Spain tare da 'yarta lokacin da aka kashe Durruti a lokacin yaƙin Madrid . Ta ci gaba da aiki a tsakanin 'yan gudun hijirar Spain har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya kuma daga baya ta zama babban tushen rayuwar abokin tafiyarta.

## Tarihin Rayuwa

### Rayuwar Farko da fafutuka
An haifi Émilienne Morin a birnin Angers, a kwarin Loire, [ 1 ] a ranar 29 ga Oktoba, 1901.  Ita 'yar Étienne Morin ce, ma'aikaciyar gini mai ra'ayin gurguzu, [ 1 ] da Ernestine Giroux, ma'aikaciyar masana'anta.  Ta hanyar iyayenta, Morin ta fuskanci siyasa mai ra'ayin gurguzu kuma ta shiga cikin ƙungiyoyin juyin juya hali tun tana ƙarama. [ 3 ] Tana da shekaru 15, ta ƙaura zuwa Paris, inda ta yi aiki a jaridar da ke yaƙi da 'yan bindiga ** .  Ta zauna a gundumar 15 ta birnin, inda daga baya ta shiga ƙungiyar matasa masu ra'ayin gurguzu, ta zama memba na kwamitin zartarwa a 1923.  A 1924, ta auri wani ɗan Italiya mai ra'ayin gurguzu mai suna Mario Cascari, amma auren bai daɗe ba. A 1927, ta sake shi. [ 1 ]

### Haɗu da Durruti da kuma ƙaura zuwa Belgium
A tsakiyar shekarun 1920, Morin ya shiga cikin ƙungiyar masu tsattsauran ra'ayi ta Faransa, yana shiga cikin yaƙin neman zaɓe na masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Italiya-Amurka Sacco da Vanzetti da kuma masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Sipaniya Buenaventura Durruti, Francisco Ascaso da Gregorio Jover ( *Los Errantes* ).  Bayan an saki Durruti daga kurkuku, a ranar 14 ga Yuli, 1927, Morin ya haɗu da shi a Shagon Littattafai na Duniya na Masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Duniya akan  ; [ 5 ] su biyun sun yi soyayya cikin sauri kuma suka zama abokan juna na tsawon rai . [ 6 ] Sun ci gaba da ganin juna har sai da aka kama Durruti aka kuma daure shi a Lyon . [ 7 ] Lokacin da ta je can don ziyartarsa, wannan shine karo na farko da ta taɓa ganin cikin gidan yari. [ 8 ] Bayan an sake shi daga kurkuku, Durruti ya koma Jamus sannan ya wuce zuwa Belgium . [ 9 ] Kafin ya haɗu da shi a can, Morin ta ci gaba da aiki a Faransa yayin da take taimakawa wajen biyan bashin iyayenta.  Daga nan ta bar aikinta na mai rubuta rubutun kalmomi ta haɗu da shi a Brussels . [ 10 ]

A babban birnin Belgium, Morin ta ɗauki wani mutum da ta ɗauka a matsayin mutum, bayan ta aro takardun tafiya daga wata abokiyar tata ba tare da ta canza hotonta ba. Lokacin da ta sake haɗuwa da Durruti, ya yi mata gargaɗi cewa za su yi rayuwa mai wahala, inda ta amsa cewa ba ta tare da shi "don yin rayuwa mai sauƙi ba, amma rayuwa mai mutunci". [1] Tare suka yi rayuwa ta ɓoye, ba tare da 'yanci da yawa ba kuma suna fuskantar matsalolin kuɗi. Bayan 'yan watanni a Belgium, Morin ta sami wani aiki na ɗan lokaci, ta bar Durruti ta yi aikin gida yayin da take kawo ƙaramin kuɗi. [1] A wannan lokacin, Morin ta haɗu da 'yan adawar Spain Juan Manuel Molina da Lola Iturbe, waɗanda suka bayyana ta a matsayin matashiya mai fara'a mai aski "kamar samari" . [ 1 ] Halinta na bayyana ra'ayinta da kuma ra'ayin masu adawa da gwamnati suma sun sa ta shiga cikin rikicin jama'a da masu fafutukar kwaminisanci a Maison du Peuple . [ 1 ]

## Manazarta