Protein (mai gina jiki)

**Protein** sune muhimman abubuwan gina jiki ga Jikin mutum. Suna ɗaya daga cikin ƙwayoyin jiki kuma suna aiki a matsayin Tushen mai fetur. A matsayin man fetur, sunadarai suna da irin wannan ƙarfin makamashi kamar carbohydrates: 17 kJ (4 kcal) a kowace gram. Halin da ke bayyana furotin daga ra'ayi mai gina jiki shine abun da ke cikin Amino acid.  

Protein sune sarƙoƙi na polymer da aka yi da amino acid da aka haɗa da haɗin peptide. A lokacin narkewar ɗan adam, sunadarai suna raguwa a ciki ciki zuwa ƙananan sarƙoƙi na polypeptide ta hanyar ayyukan hydrochloric acid da protease. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga shawo kan mahimman amino acid waɗanda jiki ba zai iya haɗawa da su ba.

Akwai amino acid guda tara da mutane dole ne su samu daga abincin su don hana Rashin abinci mai gina jiki da kuma haifar da mutuwa. Su ne Alanin" id="mwUQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Phenylalanine">phenylalanine, valine, threonine, tryptophan, methionine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, da histidine. An yi muhawara game da ko akwai amino acid guda takwas ko tara. Yarjejeniyar tana da alama ta dogara ga tara tun lokacin da ba a haɗa histidine a cikin manya ba. Akwai amino acid guda biyar da jikin mutum zai iya hadawa: alanine, aspartic acid, asparagine, Glutamic acid da serine. Akwai amino acid guda shida masu mahimmanci waɗanda za a iya iyakance kira a ƙarƙashin yanayin pathophysiological na musamman, kamar rashin haihuwa a cikin jariri ko mutane da ke cikin matsanancin damuwa: arginine, cysteine, glycine, glutamine, proline da tyrosine. Tushen abinci na furotin sun haɗa da hatsi, legumes, kwayoyi, tsaba, nama, kayan madara, kifi, da ƙwai.

## Ayyuka
Bayan ruwa, sunadarai suna da yawa a cikin kwayar halitta fiye da kowane nau'in kwayar halitta. Protein yana cikin kowane tantanin halitta, kuma wani bangare ne na kowane jiki da kwayar halitta, gami da gashi, fata, jini, da ƙashi. Protein yana da yawa musamman a cikin tsoka. Ana gina manzanni na sel (hormones) da kwayoyin sufuri daga sunadarai, gami da enzymes da antibodies, kamar yadda sassan membrane na sel, kamar glycoproteins, G sunadarai da Tashoshin ion. Nau'ikan amino acid da jerin su suna ƙayyade tsarin 3-dimensional na musamman da aikin furotin.

Amino acid da aka samu ta hanyar furotin catabolism kuma yana ba da damar biosynthesis na kwayoyin da ba na furotin ba waɗanda ke da mahimmanci ga rayuwa, kamar nucleotides, wasu Neurotransmitters, da heme.

## Tushen

Protein yana faruwa a cikin abinci iri-iri. A duk duniya, abinci na furotin na shuke-shuke yana ba da gudummawa sama da kashi 60% na samar da furotin ga kowane mutum. A Arewacin Amurka, abincin da aka samo daga dabbobi yana ba da gudummawa kusan kashi 70% na tushen furotin. Insects ne tushen furotin a da yawa sassa na duniya. A wasu sassan Afirka, har zuwa 50% na furotin na abinci ya samo asali ne daga kwari. An kiyasta cewa fiye da mutane biliyan 2 suna cin kwari a kowace rana.

Furotin foda - kamar casein, whey, kwai, shinkafa, soya da garin cricket - ana sarrafa su kuma ana yin su tushen furotin. Mutanen da ke cin abinci mai daidaituwa ba sa buƙatar ƙarin furotin.

Teburin da ke ƙasa yana gabatar da Ƙungiyoyin abinci a matsayin tushen furotin.

## Manazarta