Roger Deakins

**Sir Roger Alexander Deakins** ,  (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Mayu 1949) ɗan fim ne na Ingila. Sau da yawa ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan Mai daukar hoto a tarihin fina-finai, shi ne mai karɓar kyaututtuka da yawa, gami da lambar yabo ta Kwalejin biyu don Mafi Kyawun Cinematography da BAFTA Awards guda biyar don Mafi Kyawu Cinematography. Ya yi aiki tare da daraktoci kamar su 'Yan uwan Coen, Sam Mendes, da Denis Villeneuve. Ayyukan da aka fi sani da su sun hada da Shawshank Redemption (1994), *Fargo* (1996), O Brother, Where Art Thou?  (2000), A Beautiful Mind (2001), Skyfall (2012), *Sicario* (2015), *Blade Runner 2049* (2017), da *1917* (2019), biyun na ƙarshe sun ba shi lambar yabo ta Kwalejin.

Tsohon jami'in makarantar fina-finai da talabijin ta kasa, an sanya wa Deakins suna kuma yana aiki a matsayin mai girmamawa na makarantar don nuna godiya ga "babban gudummawa ga ... fim din Burtaniya".[s] Ya kasance memba na British Society of Cinematographers da American Society of Cinémographers, kuma a cikin 2011 ya sami lambar yabo ta Lifetime Achievement daga kungiyar ta ƙarshe. fadar ta ba Deakins CBE saboda ayyukansa na fim a shekarar 2013, kuma an ba shi lambar yabo a matsayin Knight Bachelor a cikin 2021 New Year Honours .&nbsp;

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Deakins a Torquay a cikin gundumar Devon ta Ingila .  Mahaifinsa ya gudanar da kamfanin gine-gine, yayin da mahaifiyarsa 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma mai zane-zane. Deakins ya halarci makarantar Torquay Boys' Grammar School . Ya fara zane tun yana ƙarami, kuma daga baya ya shiga makarantar Bath Academy of Art a Bath, Somerset, inda ya yi karatun zane-zane. Yayinda yake karatu a Bath, Deakins ya ci gaba da sha'awar daukar hoto; ya ambaci mai daukar hoto Roger Mayne, malamin baƙo a makarantar, a matsayin babban tushen wahayi.

Bayan kwaleji, Deakins ya nemi sabuwar makarantar fina-finai ta kasa, amma an hana shi shiga saboda an dauki hotunansa ba "fim" ba. Ya shafe shekara mai zuwa yana yawo a cikin ƙauyuka, yana ɗaukar hotunan rayuwar ƙauyuka a Arewacin Devon, kafin a ƙarshe a shigar da shi a Makarantar Fim ta Kasa a shekarar 1972. Darakta Michael Radford na ɗaya daga cikin abokan makarantar Deakins.

## Ayyuka

### Farkon aiki
Bayan kammala karatunsa, Deakins ya sami aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto, yana taimakawa wajen samar da ayyukan kusan shekaru bakwai. Wani aikin farko na shi ya haɗa da yin fim na tafiya na watanni tara a kan jirgin ruwa a matsayin mai shiga cikin Whitbread Round the World Race, mai taken Around the World with Ridgeway .  An hayar Deakins don yin fim guda biyu a Afirka. Na farko, *Zimbabwe*, takaddun sirri ne na Rhodesian Bush War, yayin da na biyu, Eritrea - Behind Enemy Lines, ya nuna Yakin Independence na Eritrea. Ya kuma harbe shirye-shiryen ilimin ɗan adam a Indiya da Sudan.

A ƙarshen 1970s da farkon 1980s, Deakins ya shiga cikin ayyukan da Hauka shafi kiɗa da yawa, gami da Blue Suede Shoes, wani shirin kiɗa game da yanayin rockabilly na Burtaniya, fim din wasan kwaikwayo *Van Morrison a Ireland*, da fim din kiɗa na Ray Davies Return to Waterloo . Ya kuma yi gajeren bidiyon kiɗa ga Herbie Hancock, Eric Clapton, Marvin Gaye, Tracey Ullman, Madness, Level 42 da Meat Loaf . 

Ayyukan farko na Deakins shine miniseries mai taken *Wolcott*, game da wani baƙar fata mai aiki a Gabashin London. Ayyukan kyamara na miniseries ya burge tsohon abokin makarantarsa kuma mai haɗin gwiwa Michael Radford, wanda ya shiga Deakins don fasalin su na farko, fim din 1983 *[[Another Time, Another Place (1983 film)|Wani Lokaci, Wani Wuri]]*. Fim din ya nuna a bikin fina-finai na Cannes kuma an karbe shi da kyau; daga baya, Deakins da Radford sun sake haɗuwa a kan Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984), bisa ga littafin George Orwell na wannan sunan. An yaba wa fim din saboda ƙarfin hali, mai ban mamaki,  wanda Deakins ya samu ta hanyar tsari da aka sani da bleach bypass, inda aka riƙe azurfa a cikin bugawa, yana haifar da kyan gani wanda ya nuna hangen nesa na Orwell. Deakins shine mai daukar hoto na Yammacin Turai na farko da ya yi amfani da dabarar, wanda tun daga lokacin ya zama mai tasiri sosai kuma ana iya ganinsa a fina-finai kamar *[[Seven (1995 film)|Bakwai]]* (1995) da Saving Private Ryan (1998). A cikin shekarun 1980s, Deakins ya ci gaba da aiki a Burtaniya, yana aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto don fina-finai ciki har da Defence of the Realm (1986), *[[Sid and Nancy|Sid da Nancy]]* (1986), White Mischief (1987; fim dinsa na uku tare da Radford), Stormy Monday (1988) da Pascali's Island (1988). 

## manazarta