open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Gutte Eriksen

**Gudrum "Gutte" Agnete Tryde Eriksen** (20 Nuwamba 1918 - 8 Yuli 2008) ƙwararriyar mai yin yumbu ce 'yar ƙasar Denmark wadda ayyukanta suka yi tasiri sakamakon shekarun da ta yi a Japan tana nazarin dabarun Asiya. Fiye da komai, shine gilashin da aka ƙera musamman wanda shine babban abin da ya bambanta tukwanenta marasa ado. Sakamakon aikinta da koyarwarta, ta yi tasiri sosai ga masu yin tukwane na ƙasar Denmark.  

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Gudrum Agnete Tryde Eriksen a Rødby a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, 1918, kuma 'yar firist ɗin cocin Erik Eriksen (1870–1947) da Louise Tryde (1876–1966). Daga 1936, ta halarci Makarantar Fasaha da Sana'o'i inda ta ƙware a fannin tukwane, ta kammala karatunta a 1939. Yayin da take karatu, ta baje kolin kayan tarihi na Charlottenborg a lokacin kaka a 1938, wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi daga tsoffin kayan tarihi da ta gani a Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa

Bukatar kayan yumbu a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ta ƙarfafa samarwa a farkon shekarun 1940 da kuma bayan haka. Eriksen ta fara haɗin gwiwa da Åse Feilberg da Christian Frederiksen a Hareskov kafin ta kafa nata bita a Kastrup a shekarar 1942. A wannan shekarar ta kuma yi nasarar baje kolin a Stockholm a wasan kwaikwayo na *Dansk Kunsthandværk* (Danish Craftsmanship) wanda Mogens Koch ya shirya. Lokacin da aka baje kolin a Gidan Tarihi na Zane na Danish na Copenhagen, ta sayar da wani abu mai suna *Søpindsvinet* (The Sea Urchin) ga gidan tarihi. 

A shekarar 1948, Eriksen ya tafi St Ives a Ingila inda ta zauna tare da mai tukwane Bernard Leach wanda ya sami mahimmanci ta hanyar buga *littafin A Potter's Book* a shekarar 1940. Ya dogara ne akan yadda ya saba da tukwanen China da Japan.  Daga nan ta tafi Faransa inda ta ziyarci Vassil Ivanoff mai tukwane a La Borne, wani ƙauye a Henrichemont, da Eugène Lion a Saint-Amand-en-Puisaye . 

## Manazarta
Sigrid Kähler

**Sigrid Kähler**, wacce kuma **Sigrid Andersen Ring ce**, (12 ga Mayu 1874 - 9 ga Mayu 1923)  ƙwararriyar mai zane ce kuma mai zane ce ta ƙasar Denmark. Ta hannun mahaifinta, mai zane ce, Herman A. Kähler, ta haɗu da mai zane LA Ring . Bayan aurensu a shekarar 1896, ta zaburar da ayyukansa da yawa. Duk da cewa ta shafe mafi yawan lokacinta a matsayin uwa da uwar gida, ta ci gaba da yin zane lokaci-lokaci da kuma yin ado da kayan ado. An nuna aikinta tare da na mijinta a Ordrupgaard a shekarar 2017.  

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Sigrid Kähler a Næstved a ranar 12 ga Mayu 1874, ita ce babba a cikin 'ya'ya shida na mai yin zane Herman August Kähler (1846–1917) da Jansine Elisabeth Christine Berg (1848–1901). Sauran su ne Herman Hans Christian (1876), Hedevig (1878), Ebba (1880), Elisabeth (1882) da Stella (1886).   Ta koyi zane a wurin aikin mahaifinta inda ta yi wa tukwane ado.

## Aure da iyali
A can ne ta haɗu da LA Ring. &#x5B; ** &#x5D; Sun yi aure a shekara ta 1896 lokacin da ya ninka amaryarsa mai shekaru 21 sau biyu.  Sun haifi 'ya'ya uku: Ghitta (1899), Anders (1900) da Ole (1902).

Ta yi tasiri mai kyau ga mijinta wanda ayyukansa suka nuna wani sabon yanayi na ɗumi da fata. Yawancin ayyukansa sun dogara ne akan Sigrid, 'ya'yansu uku da kuma cikin gidansu. Bayan aurenta, Sigrid ta fi yin amfani da lokacinta wajen kula da iyalinta maimakon yin zane. [1] Duk da haka, kwanan nan, an gano wasu daga cikin zane-zanenta na tsirrai a cikin hotunan Ring da wasiƙunsa. Sun haɗa da zane-zanen chicory, ja clover da karas na daji, ɗaya daga cikinsu an rubuta shi a shekarar 1893. Salonta ya samo asali ne daga mai ginin Thorvald Bindesbøll . An haɗa ayyukan a cikin wani baje kolin ayyukan mata a Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Hirschsprung . [2]

Sigrid Kähler ta mutu sakamakon tarin fuka a ranar 9 ga Mayu, 1923 a Roskilde .   An binne ta a makabartar St Ib . 

## Manazarta

Fayil:Lampelys._Interiør_med_kunstnerens_hustru.jpg|alt=L. A. Ring: Lamplight: The Artist's Wife (1898)| Zoben LA: *Hasken Fitila: Matar Mai Zane* (1898)
Fayil:Forår.jpg|alt=L. A. Ring: Spring (1895)| Zoben LA: *Bazara* (1895)


## Manazarta
Herman A. Kähler

**Herman August Kähler**, wanda aka fi sani da **Herman A. Kähler**, (6 Maris 1846 - 16 Nuwamba 1917) wani mai zane ne na yumbu kuma mai ƙera yumbu ɗan ƙasar Denmark wanda ke gudanar da masana'antar yumbu ta Kähler ( *Kählers Keramiske Værksted* ) a Næstved, Denmark.  'Yarsa Sigrid ta auri mai zane LA Ring .

## Rayuwar farko
Kähler ɗan Joachim Christian Herman Kähler ne (1808-1884) daga Duchy na Holstein wanda ya kafa wani bita na tukwane a Næstved a 1839. Herman ya halarci Makarantar Fasaha a Copenhagen (1864-65) yayin da yake karatu a keɓe a ƙarƙashin Herman Wilhelm Bissen . Bayan haka ya yi tafiya zuwa Jamus, Switzerland da Paris, ya koma Næstved a ƙarshen 1867. 

## Sana'a

Tare da ƙaninsa Carl Frederik Kähler, ya karɓi ragamar gudanar da masana'antar a shekarar 1872.  Carl ya zama mai alhakin samar da kayan ado yayin da Herman ya ƙware a ƙera murhun tayal. A shekara ta 1875, bayan Carl ya janye, Herman ya gina sabuwar masana'anta a wajen garin inda yake samar da murhunan da tukwane. 

Sakamakon haɗin gwiwarsa da mai zane Vilhelm Klein, Kähler ya fara sha'awar samun gilashin ja mai haske wanda aka sani da maiolica wanda aka samar a Gubbio, Italiya, a ƙarni na 16. A shekara ta 1888 ya yi nasara, inda ya ƙirƙiri gilashin ruby wanda yanzu aka fi sani da Kähler red.  Mai zane Karl Hansen Reistrup (1863–1929) ya shiga kamfanin ba da daɗewa ba, yana taimakawa wajen samar da kayayyaki masu kyau, waɗanda aka yi wa ado da fasaha, musamman furanni.  Godiya ga ƙirar Reistrup, kayan yumbu na Kähler sun sami babban nasara a Babban Nunin Nordic da aka gudanar a Copenhagen a 1888 da kuma a Exposition Universelle da aka gudanar a shekara mai zuwa a Paris.  Wasu masu fasaha da dama sun fara ƙira kayayyaki don masana'antar Kähler, ciki har da Thorvald Bindesbøll, HA Brendekilde, LA Ring da Svend Hammershøi . Gudummawar da suka bayar ta ƙara haɓaka nasarar kamfanin a duniya. 

Kähler ya mutu a Næstved a shekarar 1917. Ɗansa Herman Hans Christian Kähler (1876-1940) wanda ya karɓi ragamar kula da masana'antar a shekarar 1901 ya ci gaba da gudanar da kamfanin. [1]

## Manazarta
Jais Nielsen

**Johannes Knud Ove Jais-Nielsen** (23 Afrilu 1885 - 8 Nuwamba 1961) ɗan ƙasar Denmark ne mai zane, mai zane da kuma mai yin yumbu, wanda aka fi sani da ƙungiyoyin addini da ya tsara don tukwane na Royal Copenhagen .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Nielsen a Copenhagen, Denmark,  kuma ya auri mai zane Ville Jais Nielsen (wanda aka haifa a Oppenheim).  Ya mutu a Asibitin Gentofte da ke Hellerup, Denmark kuma an binne shi a Makabartar Mariebjerg .

## Aikin fasaha

Nielsen ya yi karatun zane a Kunstnernes Frie Studieskoler a ƙarƙashin Kristian Zahrtmann da Johan Rohde, amma ya yi watsi da salon ilimi a ƙarƙashin tasirin fasahar zamani da ya gani a tafiye-tafiyensa na karatu. [1] Nielsen ya yi tafiye-tafiye da dama zuwa manyan cibiyoyin fasaha, yana tafiya zuwa Berlin (1909) da Paris (1911–1914). A shekarar 1920 ya yi tafiya zuwa Italiya, inda ya nuna sha'awar fasahar Renaissance . [1]

Fasahar Nielsen ta samu tasiri daga Cubism da ya ci karo da shi a Paris. Zane-zanensa sun samar da layuka masu kusurwa da rarrabuwa, waɗanda, kamar yadda yake a cikin farkon aikinsa na *Afgang* (Tashi), suna nuna sha'awar Futurism . Zane-zanensa galibi siffofi ne da ke motsi kuma suna wakiltar fannoni daban-daban,  ciki har da circus, wani fanni wanda ya zaburar da masu zane -zane da yawa,  ciki har da Degas, Toulouse-Lautrec da Picasso . Aikinsa na *Circus Performance.* *Acrobats* (1916) ya nuna masu zane-zanen trapeze suna shawagi ba tare da nauyi ba a sararin samaniya.  Tafiyarsa zuwa Italiya a 1920 ta kasance wahayi ga manyan ayyuka kamar *Brylluppet i Kana* ( *Aure a Cana* ).  Ya kuma zana shimfidar wurare a Bornholm a cikin salon da ya yi kama da na sauran masu zane-zanen Bornholm . 

## Manazarta
Ursula Munch-Petersen

**Ursula Munch-Petersen** (29 ga Disamba 1937 - 29 ga Yuni 2025) ƙwararriyar mai yin yumbu ce 'yar ƙasar Denmark.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Ursula Munch-Petersen a Rønne a tsibirin Bornholm, 'yar Gustaf da Lisbeth Munch-Petersen ce, dukkansu kuma masu yin yumbu da tukwane ne. Ta halarci makarantar zane ta Kunsthåndværkerskolen (makarantar zane) a Copenhagen daga 1956 zuwa 1960 da kuma Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts daga 1970 zuwa 1972. A 1962, ta auri mai zane Erik Hagens . [1] Ta girma a Bornholm kuma bayan kammala karatunta daga Academy, ta yi aiki na tsawon shekara guda a harkar iyali a Rønne. A 1978, ta mallaki nata studio a Møn . [2]

Aikin Munch-Petersen ya shafi kayayyaki daban-daban da aka ƙera ta hanyar fasaha zuwa jerin kayan tebur da aka samar da yawa. A shekarun 1960, ta tsara don Bing da Grøndahl amma daga baya ta yi aiki a Royal Copenhagen . Kähler Keramik ne ya shirya jerin Ursula ɗinta. 

Ta rasu a ranar 29 ga Yuni 2025 a Copenhagen. 

## Kyaututtuka
A shekarar 1994 Munch-Petersen ta sami lambar yabo ta Thorvald Bindesbøll, a shekarar 2002 ta sami lambar yabo ta Prince Eugen,  a shekarar 2004 ta sami lambar yabo ta Georg Jensen , sannan a shekarar 2016 ta sami lambar yabo ta CF Hansen .

## Manazarta
Nathalie Krebs

**Johanne Nathalie Krebs** (5 ga Agusta, 1895 a Aarhus - 5 ga Janairu, 1978 a Copenhagen) ƙwararren mai yin tukwane ne ɗan ƙasar Denmark. Ita 'yar'uwar likitan likita ce kuma mai binciken Carl Krebs .

An yi aiki da Krebs a Bing & Grøndahl tsakanin 1919 zuwa 1929, inda ta yi aiki da mai yin yumbu Gunnar Nylund . A shekarar 1929 ita da Nylynd suka kafa kamfanin Nylund & Krebs, wanda ya yi hayar wurin aikin tukwane Patrick Nordström a Islev, Copenhagen. Kamfanin ya baje kolin a Bo da ke Copenhagen da Svenskt Tenn da ke Stockholm a kaka ta 1930, da kuma a Helsinki. Lokacin da aka ɗauki Nylund aiki a matsayin daraktan fasaha a Rörstrand a 1931, Krebs ta kafa Saxbo stentøj a Gladsaxe, inda ta samar da kayan dutse na serial. Ta yi gwaji da jan ƙarfe da gilashi a kan sifofi masu sauƙi na kayan dutse kuma ta cimma sakamako da ya ba ta suna a duniya. Daga 1932, Eva Stæhr-Nielsen, mai yin yumbu, an ɗaure ta a wurin aikin a matsayin mai zane, kuma Krebs ta yi aiki tare da Edith Sonne Bruun. An rufe Saxbo a 1968.

A shekarar 1937 aka ba ta kyautar Tagea Brandt Rejselegat, sannan a shekarar 1951 aka ba ta lambar yabo ta Prince Eugen .

## Manazarta
 
### Tushe
* "Nathalie Krebs" . Store Norske Leksikon . Read January 5, 2011 .
* "Nathalie Krebs' . Den Store Danske . Read January 5, 2011 .

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
*  Biography at Danish kvindebiografisk leksikon
Thyra Manicus-Hansen

**Thyra Beate Christiane Manicus-Hansen** (7 ga Satumba 1872 - 29 ga Agusta 1954) ƙwararriyar mai yin yumbu ce kuma ƙwararriyar ƙungiyar ƙwadago ce ta ƙasar Denmark. A matsayinta na shugabar ƙungiyar *Keramisk Malerforening* (ƙungiyar masu fenti ta yumbu), ta yi nasarar neman mafi kyawun albashi da yanayin aiki ga waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin masu fasaha a masana'antar porcelain ta Den Kongelige da Bing &amp;amp; Grøndahl . Ta kuma yi fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata a duniya.  

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Thyra Beate Christiane Manicus-Hansen a Vladivostok, Rasha, a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 1872. Ita 'yar manajan telegraph Emil Anton Hansen (1827-1906) da Helene Mathilde Manicus (1840-1929). A lokacin haihuwarta, iyalan suna Vladivostok inda mahaifinta ya wakilci Store Nordiske Telegrafselskab . Daga baya shi da iyalinsa suka ƙaura zuwa Faransa da Ingila inda aka haifi Manicus-Hansen. Bayan rasuwar mahaifinta a 1892, iyalin sun zauna a Copenhagen . 

A shekarar 1898, Manicus-Hansen ta yi aiki a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin masu zane-zane da yawa a Kongelige Porcelainsfabrik. Ta zauna tare da 'yar uwarta Xiane wacce ita ma take aiki a can. Duk da cewa an yi wa faranti ɗin ado ne don gidajen sarauta na Turai, albashin ya yi ƙasa sosai. Lokacin da shugabannin suka kasa amsa buƙatunsu na inganta albashi, a shekarar 1905 suka yanke shawarar yin ƙungiya tare, suka kafa ƙungiyar ƙwadago da aka sani da *Keramisk Malerforening*, tare da mambobi kimanin 80 daga Kongelige Porcelainsfabrik da kuma daga Bing & Grøndahl. Manicus-Hansen ce ta jagoranci ƙungiyar. Bayan rikici, an kore ta daga aiki amma abokan aikinta 40 sun shiga yajin aiki. A ƙarshe shugabannin kamfanin suka janye kuma duk matan suka sake shiga aikin. Manicus-Hansen ta ci gaba da zama shugabar ƙungiyar har zuwa 1934 kuma ta yi aiki a masana'antar faranti har zuwa 1936 lokacin da ta yi ritaya saboda rashin lafiya. Daga 1909 zuwa 1934, ta kuma kasance memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na *Keramisk Forbund* wanda ta wakilta a taron ƙungiyar yumbu ta Faransa na 1909. 

Tare da barazanar Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, Manicus-Hansen ta kuma yi kamfen don neman zaman lafiya. Ta halarci taron zaman lafiya na mata na duniya a Hague a shekarar 1915, tare da sauran masu fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata na Denmark, ciki har da Clara Tybjerg, Thora Daugaard da Andrea Brochmann . Ta ci gaba da kafa reshen Denmark na abin da ya zama Ƙungiyar Mata ta Duniya don Zaman Lafiya da 'Yanci . [1]

Thyra Manicus-Hansen ta mutu a Copenhagen a ranar 29 ga Agusta, 1954. An binne ta a Makabartar Assistens . 

## Manazarta
Rasmus Nellemann

**Rasmus Nellemann** (2 Maris 1923 - 4 Satumba 2004) ɗan ƙasar Denmark ne mai zane da zane. Ana tunawa da shi musamman saboda zane-zanen tambarin aika kuɗi da yawa. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife shi a Millinge kusa da Fåborg a tsibirin Funen, Nellemann an gabatar da shi ga fasaha a Makarantar Fasaha ta Odense kafin ya halarci Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts (1948-53) inda ya karanta zanen a karkashin Aksel Jørgensen da Vilhelm Lundstrøm da zane-zane a karkashin Holger Jensen . [1]

A shekarar 1950, Nellemann ya nuna zane-zane shida na Millinge a bikin baje kolin kaka na masu fasaha ( *Kunstnernes Efterårsudstilling* ) amma ba da daɗewa ba ya mayar da hankali kan zane-zane, da farko ya fara yin lithography, sannan ya yi zane-zanen kwafi. Zane-zanensa suna cikin salon da ba a saba gani ba, cike da layuka madaidaiciya. Ya kuma tsara tambarin aika wasiku da yawa daga 1960 zuwa 1992, inda ya zama ƙwararren mai fasaha a Denmark tare da zane-zane 32 daban-daban.  

Nellemann kuma ƙwararren mai yin yumbu ne, yana amfani da tsarinsa na masu gina gini don gyaran kayan gini na makarantar noma ta Bygholm kusa da Horsens da zauren garin Ledøje-Smørum . 

## Kyaututtuka
A shekarar 1974, an ba Nellemann lambar yabo ta Eckersberg, kuma a shekarar 1986, lambar yabo ta Thorvaldsen . 

## Manazarta
Karen Thuesen Massaro

**Karen Thuesen Massaro** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1944)  ƙwararren mai zane-zanen yumbu ne da ke aiki a Amurka wanda aka sani da ƙirƙirar tsare-tsare marasa tsari na abubuwan sassaka ta hanyar aikinta.  Tana sha'awar bincika abubuwan da aka ɓoye, ta yi gwaji da jigogi daban-daban ciki har da maimaita siffofi da canjin yanayin saman,  sarari mara kyau,  da kuma tsarin siffofi na abubuwa na halitta.  Massaro tana ƙirƙirar yawancin ayyukanta ta hanyar ɗaukar kayan zahiri, kamar 'ya'yan itace, ƙera su daga yumbu, da kuma ƙawata su da alamu. Magudanar ta tana sa abubuwa na yau da kullun su zama kamar ba su da sauƙi.  Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen suna ba ta damar bincika launi da siffa ta hanyoyi masu rikitarwa. 

## Ilimi da aiki
A shekarar 1966, Massaro ta kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Jihar New York (SUNY) da ke Buffalo tare da digiri na farko a fannin ilimin fasaha. A shekara mai zuwa, ta ci gaba da karatun digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Massachusetts, Amherst . [1] Da farko ta kammala karatunta don lasisin koyarwa kuma ta zama malamar fasaha ta makarantar firamare a Warwick, New York daga 1966 zuwa 1967. [ ana buƙatar ambato ] Daga nan Massaro ta koma makaranta ta sami digirin Master of Fine Arts a Jami'ar Wisconsin—Madison a 1972. [1] Yayin da take neman digirin MFA, Massaro ta fara gwaji da yumbu. Bayan ta sami digirin masters, ta fara koyar da ɗaliban makarantar firamare kayan yumbu. [2]

A shekarun 1970, ta ƙaura daga makarantun firamare zuwa kwalejoji da jami'o'i, tana aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar farfesa a fannin fasaha a Kwalejin Beloit daga 1972-77 kuma malamar sashen fasaha a Jami'ar Wisconsin—Madison a 1976 da 1978. Ta kasance mai fasaha a shirin Fasaha/Masana'antu a Kamfanin Kohler da ke Sheboygan, WI, a 1984. Daga ƙarshe, ta zauna a Santa Cruz, CA, inda ta zama mai fasaha a ɗakin studio kuma malamar jami'a a Jami'ar California, Santa Cruz . Daga 1996 zuwa 1997, ta kasance mai kula da baƙo a Gidan Tarihi na Santa Cruz County, wanda yanzu ɓangare ne na Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Santa Cruz. A cikin shekarun 1990, Massaro ta yi tafiya a matsayin mai magana da kuma shugabar bita. Ta yi jawabi a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Mendocino da ke Mendocino, CA, Kwalejin Butter da ke Orville, CA, Jami'ar Wisconsin—Madison a Madison, WI, Jami'ar Wisconsin—Eau Claire, a eau Claire, WI, da Jami'ar Oregon—Eugene a Eugene, OR. &#x5B; ** &#x5D; Massaro ta kuma yi aiki a Majalisar Ƙasa kan Ilimi don Fasahar Ceramic (NCECA) a matsayin darakta a cikin 1977 da kuma shugabar baje kolin daga 1978 zuwa 1980. Ita ma memba ce a Majalisar Sana'o'in Amurka. 

## Bayanin Mai Zane
Da aka yi mata tambaya game da aikinta, Massaro ta ce:

"Babban burina shine in bincika maimakon yin kwafi. Yawancin lokacin mutum yana ɓatar da shi a cikin situdiyo, tsarin da kansa ya kamata ya zama mai jan hankali. Ina ƙoƙarin tunanin yadda launuka da alamu za su iya karantawa. Abin mamaki ne yadda haɗa halaye masu rikitarwa na layuka masu maimaitawa, tare da launi da ƙima, za su iya aiki tare da sassa da ra'ayoyi da yawa. Komai yana iya canzawa har sai an kunna shi na ƙarshe; bayan haka, aikin yana kan kansa." 

## Manazarta
Marie Sandholt

**Anna Marie Louise Sandholt** (1872–1942) ƙwararriyar mai zane ce kuma mai zane-zanen yumbu ' yar ƙasar Denmark wadda ke yin zane-zanen waje a lokacin da mata ba sa yin hakan. Kafin ta yi karatun zane, ta kasance mai himma a matsayin malamar saka kayan ado. A matsayinta na mai yin yumbu, ta ƙirƙiri siffofi na porcelain ga Bing &amp;amp; Grøndahl . Yawancin shimfidar wurarenta sun nuna bishiyoyi, waɗanda ta ƙulla dangantaka ta musamman da su bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya .  

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Anna Marie Louise Sandholt a ranar 22 ga Maris, 1872 a Copenhagen, 'yar likita ce Peter Boll Wivet Sandholt (1827–90) da Louise Victoria Aagaard (1848–1920). Bayan ta girma a gidan masu hannu da shuni, ta fara karatun fasaha a Tegne-og Kunstindustriskolen for Kvinder (Makarantar Fasaha da Sana'o'i ga Mata). Daga 1892 zuwa 1901, ta ci gaba da karatunta a *Kunstakademiets Kunstskole for Kvinder* (Makarantar Fasaha ta Mata ta Kwalejin).  A shekarar 1902 ta kammala "Joy of Uwa" wanda ya ƙunshi ra'ayin haihuwa da kuma yanayin haihuwa. 

Amma, ainihin gabatarwarta ga zane ya faru ne daga baya lokacin da take aiki a matsayin mai hidima a gidan mai zane Viggo Pedersen (1854-1926) a Skamstrup kusa da Holbæk . Wannan ya ba da gudummawa sosai ga ilimin fasaha. 

A lokacin da mata masu fasaha suka fi himma a fannin yadi fiye da zane, Sandholt ta fito fili a matsayin mai zane mai mai wanda ya ɗauki aikinta da muhimmanci sosai. A shekarar 1905, ta koma Makarantar Fasaha da Sana'o'i ta Mata, a wannan karon a matsayin malamar dinki. Baya ga ayyukan dinki, ta tsara zane-zanen porcelain don Bing & Grøndahl. A ɗaya daga cikin tafiye-tafiyen karatunta zuwa Italiya, ta haɗu da mai zane na Norway Christian Krohg wanda ya taimaka mata wajen haɓaka dabarunta da tsarinta. [1]

Ɗaya daga cikin fitattun ayyukanta na farko shine Morgenglæde (Morning Joy, 1902) wanda ke nuna wata uwa tare da 'ya'yanta huɗu a kan gado biyu, wanda hotunan rayuwar iyali na Johansen suka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi. Ta ci gaba da zana yanayin halitta, na waje cikin salo mai 'yanci da sassauƙa. [1] Yanayin ƙasarta, wani lokacin tare da siffofi, galibi suna nuna bishiyoyi da dazuzzuka. Ta sami sha'awar musamman a gare su domin an lalata da yawa a arewacin Faransa a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya. A wasu lokutan, ta kuma zana hotuna ciki har da ɗaya daga cikin jaruman Johannes Poulsen a cikin Twelfth Night . Ta yi baje kolin a Kunsthal Charlottenborg daga 1895 zuwa 1943 amma kuma ta shirya wasu shirye-shiryen kaɗaici a duk faɗin ƙasar. [2]

## Manazarta
Axel Salto

**Axel Johannes Salto** (17 ga Nuwamba 1889 - 21 ga Maris 1961) ƙwararren mai zane ne na yumbu ɗan ƙasar Denmark wanda ya shahara a duniya. Ayyukansa sun haɗa da zane, zane-zane da zane-zane na littattafai, kayan ado da yadi. A matsayinsa na marubuci kuma wanda ya kafa mujallar fasaha ta Klingen (1917–1919), Salto shi ma ya kasance mai bayar da gudummawa ga muhawarar fasaha a Denmark.  

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Axel Johannes Salto a Copenhagen, Denmark. Shi ɗan HC Salto ne, ya auri Kamma Salto kuma mahaifin Naja Salto . Ya kammala karatunsa a makarantar Frederiksberg Latin da Realskole a shekarar 1907 kuma ɗalibi ne a Holger Grønvold a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Selskabs Skole daga 1907. Daga nan Salto ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal Danish daga 1909 zuwa 1914 a ƙarƙashin Peter Rostrup Bøyesen. Ya fara aikinsa na farko a matsayin mai fasaha a 1911. A 1916, Salto ya ziyarci Paris, inda ya haɗu da Pablo Picasso da Henri Matisse . Wannan taron ya zama abin tarihi ga burin fasaha na Salto da kuma tasirinsa a kan ra'ayoyin farko na lokacin. 

A shekarar 1921, Salto ya kafa ƙungiyar fasaha *ta De Fire*, wadda ta ƙunshi Svend Johansen, Vilhelm Lundstrøm da Karl Larsen. Ƙungiyar ta shafe mafi yawan shekarun 1920 a birnin Paris, inda suka zauna kuma suka yi aiki tare. Mawakan huɗu sun fara baje kolinsu a farkon shekarar 1920-21 kuma sun ci gaba da kasancewa akai-akai har zuwa 1928. Ƙungiyar ta bayyana kanta a matsayin ta zamani, ƙuruciya da ci gaba, kuma baje kolin nata ya kasance cike da muhawara da ce-ce-ku-ce.   

## Yumburai
Babban aikinsa na mai yin yumbu ya fara ne a bikin baje kolin Paris na shekarar 1925. A cikin shekarun 1920, hankalinsa na fasaha ya koma daga zane zuwa yumbu kuma ya yi ayyukan dutse daban-daban kusan 3,000 daga 1923 zuwa 1950. An yi babban ɓangare na waɗannan a cikin shagon sayar da yumbu na Carl Halier da ke Frederiksberg . Daga cikin ayyukan farko na Salto akwai porcelain polychrome ( Bing & Grøndahl, 1923–25), wanda aka gabatar a cikin Babban Tashar Denmark a bikin baje kolin Duniya na Paris a 1925. Sannan aka biyo bayan kayan dutse tare da haɗin gwiwar Carl Halier (1929–30) da kayan yumbu na Saxo (1931–32). Daga tsakiyar shekarun 1930 ya yi aiki galibi tare da masana'antar Royal Porcelain da ke Copenhagen. [1]

## Manazarta
Patrick Nordström

**Patrick Nordström** (1870–1929) ƙwararren mai yin yumbu ne ɗan ƙasar Sweden da Denmark. Ya yi aiki a Kamfanin Sarrafa Porcelain na Royal Copenhagen daga 1912 zuwa 1922.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Patrick Nordstrom a Sweden a shekarar 1870. Ya zo Denmark a shekarar 1900 bayan ya yi aiki mai kyau a Faransa, kuma inda ya yi nunin kansa a bikin baje kolin Paris na 1900. Ya kafa wani bita a Islev a wajen Copenhagen.  Ya yi aiki a Kamfanin Sarrafa Porcelain na Royal daga 1912 zuwa 1922 inda ya kafa masana'antar dutse. Ya fara abin da ya zama salon tukwane na Denmark. A Royal Copenhagen, da kuma a ɗakinsa da ke Islev, ya ƙirƙiro salon Denmark wanda ya fito daga samfuran China, Japan, da Faransa ta hanyar aikin Nordstrom mai ban sha'awa. Daga baya, wannan sauyi zuwa ƙirƙirar sabbin tukwane ya bayyana. Daga baya, bayan mutuwarsa ba da daɗewa ba saboda buɗe murhunsa da wuri, sai B&G ta karɓi ɗakin aikinsa, ta ci gaba da mai da hankali kan aikinsa don ya ƙara bayar da tukwane na zamani na Denmark.

## Salo
Nordstrom ya yi baje kolin a bikin baje kolin Paris na shekarar 1900. Tsakanin ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 da mutuwarsa a shekarar 1929, ya ƙirƙiro sabbin gilashin yumbu, waɗanda suka haɗa da Gundestrup, Sung, da Blood na Ox. Kafin shekarar 1900, shi ne mai zane-zanen yumbu na farko a birnin Paris da ya sake ƙirƙirar jinin Ox na ƙasar Sin. Ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga wasu manyan al'adun yin tukwane, kuma ya haɓaka siffofi na zamani, da kuma launuka iri-iri masu inganci. 

## Nunin Nunin
Bayan mutuwarsa, yayin da ya fara karɓar yabo kan fitowar tukwanen Denmark; an nuna aikinsa a wani baje kolin kayan tarihi a Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa da ke Stockholm daga 16 ga Maris - 8 ga Afrilu 1956 da kuma a Gidan Tarihi na Zane na Denmark da ke Copenhagen daga 12 ga Afrilu - 27 ga Mayu 1956. Daidai, har yanzu ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin wanda ba a san shi sosai ba, kuma wanda ba a daraja shi sosai a Denmark, da kuma a mafi yawan sassan duniya.

## Ƙarin karatu

* Bodelsen, Merete : *[http://www.pottery.dk/da/boger/378-patrick-nordstrom-1870-1929.html Patrick Nordström 1870 - 1929]* (shafuka 123 tare da zane-zane 42),

## Manazarta
Serge Vandercam

**Serge Vandercam** (1924, a Copenhagen - 10 Maris 2005, a Wavre ) ɗan ƙasar Denmark ne mai zane, mai ɗaukar hoto, mai sassaka da kuma mai yin yumbu wanda ke da alaƙa da ƙungiyar CoBrA .

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Tarihin Serge Vandercam
* Serge Vandercam
* Cibiyar Bincike ta COBRA
Arne Ranslet

**Arne Mathias Ranslet** (15 ga Agusta 1931 A ranar 24 ga Afrilu, 2018  ) ƙwararren mai sassaka ne kuma mai yin yumbu ɗan ƙasar Denmark . 

Gidajen tarihi da al'ummomi a Turai ne suka sayi ayyukansa kuma sun sami karɓuwa a duk duniya ta hanyar baje kolin ƙasashen duniya.  An yaba masa a cikin shahararrun masanan ceram na Bornholm. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Ranslet a Løgstør, Denmark, kuma ya fara aiki da yumbu a shekararsa ta ƙarshe a dakin motsa jiki na Birkerød, sannan daga baya ya yi karatu a Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts da ke Copenhagen (1951–1954), inda ya fara haɗuwa da matarsa ta ƙarshe, mai zane-zanen Norway Tulla Blomberg Ranslet . Ma'auratan sun yi aure a shekarar 1955 suka ƙaura zuwa Bornholm, inda daga baya Ranslet ya kafa nasa wurin aiki. Ma'auratan suna da 'ya'ya mata biyu da ɗa ɗaya a tsibirin: mai zane Pia Ranslet, mai sassaka Paul Ranslet da kuma kyaftin matukin jirgi Charlotte Pedersen .

A cikin shekarunsa na farko a tsibirin, Ranslet ya yi aiki galibi da yumbu, inda ya haɗa abubuwa na gargajiya da na zamani a cikin fasaharsa. [undefined] A hankali ya koma daga tukwane [undefined] zuwa sassaka a shekarun 1970, yana ƙirƙirar sassaka na dabbobi masu ban dariya da kuma wani lokacin masu ban mamaki, [1] daga baya aka maye gurbinsu da wasu manyan ayyukan tagulla a shekarun 1980. A shekarar 1988, ma'auratan Ranslet suka ƙaura zuwa Spain, inda suka kafa ɗakin studio da bita. [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] Ranslet ya mutu a watan Afrilun 2018. [9]

## Ayyuka masu shahara
Gidajen tarihi, cibiyoyi da masu tattarawa daban-daban sun sayi ayyukan Ranslet a cikin yumbu da tagulla, ciki har da Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa da ke Stockholm, Gidan Tarihi na Malmö,  Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha da Zane na Ado da ke Oslo,  Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha da Zane na Danish, Gidan Tarihi na Röhsska na Zane da Zane-zane,  Gidan Tarihi na Bornholm, Stockholm Majalisar Län, Gidan Tarihi na Jönköpings,  Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Norrköpings a Sweden,  Gidan Tarihi na Östergötlands,  Gidan Tarihi na Yankin Kristianstad, Sweden,  Gidan Tarihi na Kunst und Gewerbe Hamburg, Tarin Fasaha na Sarki Gustav Adolf, Gidauniyar Fasaha ta Danish,  Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Trapholt,  Gidan Tarihi na La Casa Orduña Del Castell De Guadalest a Spain, Gidan Tarihi na Örebro läns. 

## Manazarta
Gertrud Vasegaard

**Gertrud Vasegaard**, 'yar shekara ta **1913**, a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu, 1913 - 7 ga Yuli, 2007) ƙwararriyar mai sayar da kayan yumbu ce ta ƙasar Denmark, wadda aka fi tunawa da ita saboda kayan shayinta (1956) wanda aka haɗa a cikin kundin al'adun ƙasar Denmark . Ta kasance mai ƙira ga Bing &amp;amp; Grøndahl da Royal Copenhagen, kuma tana da nata bitar inda ta yi aiki tare da 'yarta Myre . 

## Rayuwar farko da iyali
Vasegaard jika ce ga Lauritz Hjorth, wanda a shekarar 1859 ya kafa masana'antar tukwane ta Bornholm a Rønne, kuma 'yar Hans Hjorth ce, wacce daga baya ta kula da ita tare da ɗan'uwansa Peter. Johanne Tvede Bruhn, mahaifiyarta, mai zane ce. Bayan ta bar makaranta a shekarar 1927, ta fara yin ado da tukwane masu launin ruwan kasa da ba a saka musu gilashi ba da masana'antar ta samar. A shekarar 1930, ta yi karatu a sashen tukwane na Makarantar Fasaha da Sana'o'i wadda aka bude a Copenhagen. A lokaci guda kuma, ta ci gaba da karatunta ta hanyar yin aiki tare da mai yin tukwane Christian Poulsen (1911-1991) da kuma tare da Arne Bang (1901-1983) a Masana'antar Gilashin Holmegaard . Shekaru biyu bayan haka ta bar makarantar don zama mai koyon aiki a sabon bita da Axel Salto (1889-1961) da Bode Willumsen (1895-1987) suka gudanar. [1]

## Sana'a
A shekarar 1933, Vasegaard ta koma Bornholm inda ta buɗe wani situdiyo a Gudhjem tare da 'yar uwarta Lisbeth . Sun samar da tukwane da yumbu, inda aka baje kolinsu a Copenhagen a wannan shekarar. 

A shekarar 1938, Vasegaard ta ƙaura zuwa Holkadalen kusa da Gudhjem tare da mijinta Sigurd (wanda ta aura a shekarar 1935) da 'yarta Myre. A nan ta samar da kofuna da kwano na ƙasa waɗanda suka yi kama da kayan ado, waɗanda suka zama tushen aikinta na baya da kayan dutse . A shekarar 1945, bisa ga shawarar Aksel Rode kuma sakamakon wahalar samun kayayyaki bayan yaƙin, ta fara aiki da Bing & Grøndahl a lokacin hunturu, ta koma wurin aikinta na Bornholm har tsawon sauran shekara. A shekarar 1949, ta zama ma'aikaciyar cikakken lokaci a masana'antar inda ta zauna na tsawon shekaru 10 masu zuwa, ƙwararriya a fannin kayan dutse. Ba da daɗewa ba ta zama ɗaya daga cikin samfuran da kamfanin ya fi samun nasara, wanda ya buɗe sabon zamani ga ƙirar Denmark . Abubuwan da ta fi so su ne kore mai haske, fari mai haske, shuɗi mai haske da kuma jade. Abin lura musamman shine saitin shayinta (1956) tare da tukunya mai siffar hexagonal da kofuna marasa maƙalli, waɗanda suka dace da samar da masana'antu. Kayan abincinta na porcelain guda uku (1961-1975) waɗanda ta tsara don Royal Copenhagen suma sun yi nasara. Kayan *Capella* ba su da ado, *Gemina* tana da ado mai launin shuɗi ba tare da glaze ba yayin da *Gemma* ke da ado mai tambari.  

## Manazarta
Lin Utzon

**Lin Utzon** (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Mayu 1946) ƙwararren mai zane ne ɗan ƙasar Denmark wanda ya ƙirƙiri nau'ikan kayan ado iri-iri, tun daga yadi zuwa yumbu a Denmark da kuma ƙasashen waje.  

## Rayuwar kai da ilimi
An haife ta a ranar 21 ga Mayu, 1946 a gundumar Frederiksberg ta Copenhagen, [1] Utzon ta yi yarinta a Hellebæk, Denmark. Lokacin da take da shekaru 15, ta ƙaura tare da iyalinta zuwa Ostiraliya inda mahaifinta, mai zane Jørn Utzon, zai fara gina Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Sydney . [2] Bayan halartar azuzuwan zane da sassaka a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Gabashin Sydney da ke Sydney, Ostiraliya (1967–1969), ta yi karatun fasahar yadi a Makarantar Fasaha da Sana'o'i ta Copenhagen (1967–1970). [3]

Lokacin da take da shekaru 19, bayan takaddama kan gidan wasan opera, ita da iyalinta suka bar Ostiraliya ba tare da wani lokaci ba a watan Afrilun 1966.  Da ta dawo Denmark, ta auri mai zane Alex Popov wanda ya yi aiki tare da mahaifinta a Ostiraliya. Ma'auratan suna da 'ya'ya biyu a farkon shekarun 1970, Naja da Mika.  Bayan rabuwar aure da wuri, yaran galibi suna zaune tare da Utzon a gidanta na Denmark. 

## Aikin fasaha

Abubuwan da Utzon ya ƙirƙira a farkon sun haɗa da yadi masu launuka masu haske na Cocin Bagsværd (1975–1977).   A tsakiyar shekarun 1980, ta shafe shekaru uku tana ƙawata sabuwar hedikwatar Volvo da ke Gothenburg, Sweden, da bangon mita 36 da kuma wani katafaren bango mai tsawon mita 16.  A shekarar 1988, ta kammala wani babban zane mai launin ja, fari da baƙi a Cibiyar Taro ta San Jose kamar tarin tsuntsayen da ke tashi.  Tun daga lokacin ta yi wa bango ado a ɗakin karatu na Kwalejin Dabbobin Dabbobi ta Royal da Noma da ke Frederiksberg, kuma ta ƙara kayan taimako na yumbu ga faɗaɗa Finger B na Filin Jirgin Sama na Copenhagen . Abubuwan da ta ƙirƙira sun haɗa da kayan ado da shimfidar wurare na Royal Danish Ballet . 

Tun farkon shekarun 1990, Utzon ta auri makaho marubuci ɗan Faransa Hugues de Montalembert .  Ma'auratan suna yin zamansu tsakanin Denmark, Paris da Can Feliz, gidan da ke tsibirin Mallorca Utzon wanda ya gada daga mahaifinta. 

## Manazarta
Eva Sørensen

**Eva Sørensen** (14 ga Fabrairu, 1940 - 31 ga Disamba, 2019  ) ƙwararren mai sassaka ne kuma mai yin yumbu ɗan ƙasar Denmark wanda aka nuna ayyukan granite da marmara a gidajen tarihi da wuraren jama'a a faɗin Denmark.   Ta mutu a Verbania a Italiya.

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haife ta a Herning a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, 1940, Sørensen 'yar masana'anta ce Niels Sørensen da matarsa Magda Johanne Benedikte Thomasen. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Herning Gymnasium a shekarar 1958, ta koma Copenhagen inda ta zama ɗalibi tare da mai zane Mogens Andersen . Duk da cewa yanzu sananniyar mai sassaka ce, da farko tana sha'awar kayan yumbu . Da sanin cewa tana buƙatar ci gaba da karatunta a ƙasashen waje, a shekarar 1959 ta tafi Paris, inda ta yi karatu a Académie du Feu a ƙarƙashin László Szabó. A shekara mai zuwa ta koma Denmark, inda ta zama ɗalibi a makarantar zane-zane ta Christian Poulsen da ke Lyngby . Bayan haka ta yi karatu a Faenza, Italiya, a *Istituto statale d'arte per la ceramica* inda ta mayar da hankali kan sassaka na terracotta . 

Bayan ta dawo Denmark a farkon shekarun 1960, Herman A. Kähler ya ɗauke ta aiki a matsayin mai yin yumbu a Næstved . A shekarar 1962, ta lashe kyautar farko a bikin zane-zane na *Festival della ceramica* a Albisola, kuma a shekarar 1964, ta sami kyautar shekara-shekara ta Denmark don fasahar gargajiya saboda sabon fassararta a fannin zane-zane na yumbu.  Ta hanyar zana ayyukan da ba a iya gani ba, ta fara amfani da wasu kayayyaki kamar itace da marmara. A shekarun 1970, ta zauna a Pietrasanta, cibiyar sassaka ta Italiya, inda ta yi aiki da dutse mai kore daga Montorfano .  A shekarar 1977, ta matsa kusa da wurin hakar ma'adinai, ta daidaita sassakanta zuwa ga alamun halitta a cikin dutsen. Ƙwarewarta ta daidaita ayyukanta zuwa ga yanayin ƙasa ko gine-gine da ke kewaye sun taimaka wajen sunanta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mata masu sassaka mafi nasara a Denmark, musamman dangane da manyan kayan ado. 

A shekarar 2014, Municipality of Milan tare da ƙungiyar agaji ta Cramum da Ofishin Jakadancin Denmark da ke Rome sun tallata baje kolin nasu na ƙarshe "1962-1982". An gudanar da baje kolin a Studio Museo Francesco Messina kuma Sabino Maria Frassà da Andi Kacziba ne suka shirya shi.

Ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyukanta shine aikin fiberglass da polyester da ta yi wa Gidauniyar Fasaha ta Danish a shekarar 1971 wanda ke tsaye a cikin ɗakin kula da tsofaffi na Fakse . [1] [2] Bayan haka, a shekarar 1974, an yi sassaka na marmara don gidan ɗaliban Denmark a Flensburg, Jamus, da kuma aikin katako da marmara a Tårnby . [3] Wani babban aikinta na granite shine sassaka mai tsayin mita biyu a ƙofar shiga asibitin da ke Frederikssund . [4]

A shekarar 1968, Sørensen ta zama memba na ƙungiyar masu fasaha ta Grønningen kuma a shekarar 1979 aka ba ta lambar yabo ta Eckersberg . A shekarar 1982, ta wakilci Denmark a bikin Venice biennale, inda ta zama mace ta farko da ta yi hakan tun 1948. 

## Manazarta
Konstadinos Baniotis

Konstadinos "Kostas" Baniotis (Girkanci; an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Nuwamba 1986 a Komotini, Rhodope) ɗan wasan Girka ne mai ritaya.

## Tarihin rayuwa
Ya kammala na shida a Gasar Zakarun Turai ta Cikin Gida ta 2011, na shida a gasar zakarun Turai (Super League), na bakwai a gasar zarrawar duniya ta 2009, na takwas a Gasar Zakarun Turai ta 2010, yayin da ya dauki matsayi na 4 a Gasar zakarun Tarayyar Turai ta 2011, tare da sabon rikodin kansa na 2.32 m. Ya kuma lashe lambar azurfa a Wasannin Bahar Rum na 2009 a Pescara .  Ya shiga gasar Olympics ta 2008, gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012, da kuma gasar zakarun duniya ta 2009 ba tare da ya kai wasan karshe ba. Kakansa shine tsohon dan wasan kwallon kafa Charis Baniotis .

## Rubuce-rubucen gasa

## Manazarta
Athens na Maroneia

Athenion na Maroneia (Girkanci na dā) wani ɗan fentin Girka ne, an haife shi a Maroneia a Thrace wanda ya bunƙasa a ƙarshen ƙarni na 4 da farkon ƙarni na 3 BC. Ya kasance dalibi na Glaucion na Koranti, kuma mai yiwuwa na zamani ne na Nicias, wanda ya yi kama da shi kuma ya fi kyau, kodayake salon sa ya fi tsanani. Ya ba da alkawarin mafi kyawun fasaha a cikin fasaharsa, amma ya mutu da ƙuruciya.

## Ayyuka

* Αχιλλεύς recí Joh (Achilles, ya yi kama da Yarinya, wanda Odysseus ya gano) 
* *Συγγενικόν* (Taron Dangi) 
* *Νεανίας Iπποκόμος* (Α ango tare da Doki) 
* *Φύλαρχος* (Phylarch) 

## Manazarta
Georgios Gevidis

**Georgios Gevidis** (Girkanci: Γεώργιος Γεβίδης) ya kasance mayaƙan Juyin Juya Halin Girka na 1821 kuma memba ne na Filiki Etaireia daga Thrace .  

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haife shi a Maroneia, [1] [2] sannan wani ɓangare na Daular Ottoman . Ya yi kasuwanci.[2] A cikin 1819, yayin da yake a Constantinople don kasuwanci, Panagiotis Michanidis ne ya fara shi a cikin Filiki Etaireia, yana ba da 100 grosia.[1][2] Saboda haka ya yi yaƙi a Juyin Juya Halin Girka na 1821.[3]

## Manazarta
Aichan Kara Giousouf

**Aichan Kara Giousouf** (Girkanci: , Turkiyya: , an haife shi a ranar 12 ga watan Agusta 1963 a Amaranta, Komotini, Girka) ɗan siyasan Girka ne daga ƙarancin musulmi na Girka.

## Farkon rayuwa
An haife shi a cikin iyalin manoma, ya kammala karatu a shekarar 1988 a fannin ilimin hakora na Jami'ar Istanbul, sannan ya yi aiki na shekaru biyu a Jamus kafin ya dawo Girka don aikin soja. A shekara ta 1995, ya yi aiki a matsayin babban sakatare na Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Jami'ar Yammacin Thrace, kuma tsakanin 1996 da 1999 a matsayin memba na kwamitin Ƙungiyar Dentists ta Rhodope . 

Ya zama memba na Coalition of the Radical Left (SYRIZA) a cikin 1994, kuma ya shiga majalisar birni ta Maroneia-Sapes. An zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Girka don SYRIZA a zaben majalisar dokokin Girika na Mayu 2012. [1] Ya kasance mai musun wanzuwar Allah kuma a cikin 2015 ya yi rantsuwa da farar hula a matsayin sabon memba na majalisar dokokin Girka.[2][3]

## Haɗin waje

* Terms of office of Aichan Kara Giousoufa cikinMajalisar dokokin Helena  (a Turanci) 

## Manazarta
Archbishop Michael na Amurka

Archbishop Michael (Mayu 27, 1892 - Yuli 13, 1958), an haife shi **Thucydides Konstantinides** (Girkanci: ), a Maroneia na Yammacin Thrace, shi ne Firayim Ministan Ikklisiyar Orthodox ta Girka ta Amurka daga Disamba 18, 1949, har zuwa mutuwarsa a ranar 13 ga Yuli, 1958.  Ya gaji Athenagoras wanda ya ɗauki matsayin Shugaban Ikilisiyar Constantinople a watan Janairun 1949.

An shigar da shi a Makarantar tauhidi ta Halki a cikin 1907. An naɗa Archbishop Michael zuwa firist a 1919. An zabe shi a matsayin Babban Birnin Koranti a shekarar 1939.

Archbishop Michael zai yarda da kursiyin a matsayin Archbishop na Amurka a baya a 1949, amma ba shi ne zaɓi na farko don maye gurbin Athenagoras I ba. An zabi Archbishop Timotheos Evangelinidis don maye gurbi Athenagora a watan Yunin 1949, amma ya sha wahala da jerin bugun zuciya kafin ya hau gadon sarauta a Amurka, kuma ya zaɓi ya kasance Metropolitan na Australia da New Zealand har zuwa mutuwarsa daga baya a wannan shekarar.

## Manazarta
Panagiotis Michanidis

**Panagiotis Michanidis** (Girkanci) ya kasance jagora kuma mayaƙan Juyin Juya Halin Girka na 1821 daga Maroneia, Thrace .

## Tarihin rayuwa
Panagiotis Michanidis ya fito ne daga Maroneia . 

Kafin juyin juya halin, ya kasance memba na Filiki Etaireia, kuma yana da matsayin Manzo. Ya yada ra'ayin juyin juya halin da ya faru kuma ya yada abubuwan da suka faru a Kalamata.

A matsayinsa na soja, ya bi Mavromichalis. Lokacin da ya bar Kalamata, Michanidis ya ci gaba da aikinsa na watsa labarai. Wannan, tare da hanyar da ya rubuta shi, ya zama abin ƙarfafawa ga masu juyin juya hali.

## Tushen

*  

## Manazarta
Soda

Sotades (Girkanci: ; ƙarni na 3 BC) mawaki ne na tsohuwar Girka.

## Farkon rayuwa
An haifi Sotades a Maroneia,  ko dai a Thrace, ko kuma a tsibirin Karita. Ya zauna a Iskandariya a lokacin mulkin Ptolemy II Philadelphus (285-246 BC). Birnin ya kasance a wannan lokacin cibiyar ilmantarwa ce mai ban mamaki, tare da ayyukan fasaha da wallafe-wallafen da yawa, gami da shayari mai ban mamaki da Babban Laburaren. An adana wasu ƙananan gutsuttsura na aikinsa; waɗanda ke cikin Stobaeus galibi ana ɗaukar su ƙarya. Ennius ya fassara wasu waƙoƙi irin wannan, waɗanda aka haɗa a cikin littafinsa na satires a ƙarƙashin sunan Sota . Yana da ɗa mai suna Apollonius. An yaba masa da kirkirar palindrome.

Sotades shine babban wakilin marubutan waƙoƙin lalata har ma da waƙoƙi na satirical, wanda ake kira "kinaidoi" (Girkanci na dā: ), wanda aka tsara a cikin Yaren Ionic da kuma mita mai suna bayan shi. Ɗaya daga cikin waƙoƙinsa ya kai farmaki ga auren Ptolemy II Philadelphus ga 'yar'uwarsa Arsinoe II, daga abin da ya fito da layin da ba a sani ba: "Kana rataye ƙugiyarka a cikin rami mara tsarki. " [1] Don wannan, an ɗaure Sotades, amma ya tsere zuwa birnin Caunus, inda daga baya admiral Patroclus ya kama shi, ya rufe shi a cikin akwati, kuma ya jefa shi cikin teku.

Masanin Gabas ta Tsakiya na Burtaniya kuma mai bincike Sir Richard Francis Burton (1821-1890) ya yi la'akari da kasancewar "yanki na Kotun". Ya tabbatar da cewa akwai wani yanki na ƙasa wanda lalata ta zama ruwan dare kuma ana yin bikin tsakanin mazauna asalin ƙasar,  kuma ya ba shi suna bayan Sotades.

## Dubi kuma

* Mita na Sotadean

## Manazarta
Evripidis Stylianidis

**Evripidis Stylianidis** (Girkanci: , kuma an fassara shi *Evripidis Stilianides*) ɗan siyasan Girka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Cikin Gida, Ministan Ilimi da Ministan Sufuri da Sadarwa . Shi memba ne na Sabon Dimokuradiyya .

## Rayuwa da ilimi
An haifi Evripidis Stylianidis a ranar 8 ga Afrilu 1966 a Maroneia, kusa da Komotini a cikin Yankin Rhodope na Thrace .

Tsakanin 1984 da 1989 ya yi karatu a Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Democritus ta Thrace a Komotini, ya kammala karatu tare da Digiri na farko. Tsakanin 1991 da 1994 ya yi karatu a Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Hamburg, ya kammala karatu tare da PhD a cikin dokar tsarin mulki, kafin ya yi aiki a cikin Artillery Corps na Sojojin Hellenic tsakanin 1994 da 1995.

Ya auri Stergioula Papachristou kuma yana magana da Girkanci da Jamusanci.

## Rayuwar sana'a
Daga 1991 har zuwa 1994, Stylianidis ya yi aiki a Babban Ofishin Jakadancin Girka a Hamburg, Jamus, yana aiki tare da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Girka. Tsakanin 1995 da 1996 ya kasance mai ba da shawara ga shugaban Jam'iyyar siyasa ta New Democracy a Girka a cikin batutuwan da suka shafi harkokin matasa da diflomasiyyar al'adu. Daga 1997 har zuwa 1998, a matsayin abokin tarayya na Cibiyar Shari'ar Jama'a ta Turai (EPLC), ya koyar a cikin shirin digiri na biyu a fannin shari'ar jama'a a Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Kasa da Capodistrian ta Athens. Daga 1997 har zuwa 2000, Stylianidis ya kasance mai bincike a Cibiyar Shari'ar Jama'a ta Turai (EPLC).

## Rayuwar siyasa
A shekara ta 1996 ya tsaya takarar majalisa, amma Dokar zabe a lokacin ba ta ba jam'iyyarsa damar zabar dan majalisa a mazabar Rhodope ba, duk da cewa an yi iƙirarin cewa ya sami mafi yawan kuri'u. A shekara ta 2000 an zabe shi memba na majalisar dokokin Helenawa na Rhodope Prefecture, kuma an sake zabarsa a shekara ta 2004. A shekara ta 2001, an nada shi a matsayin madadin mai kula da harkokin kasashen waje na New Democracy, matsayin da ya rike har zuwa shekara ta 2004.

Ya kuma kasance memba na Majalisar dokoki NATO da mataimakin shugaban Girka-Brazil da Girka-Jamus kuma memba na Kwamitin Abokantaka na Majalisar Girka-Rasha.

A zaben watan Janairun 2015 ya lashe kujerar a majalisar. Amma ya rasa kujerarsa a zaben Satumba 2015.

## Matsayi na ministoci
A ranar 19 ga Satumba 2007, Evripidis Stylianidis ya zama Ministan Ilimi da Harkokin Addini na Kasa.

Bayan sake fasalin gwamnati, an nada shi Ministan Sufuri da Sadarwa a ranar 8 ga Janairun 2009. Bayan zaben na 7 ga Oktoba 2009, ya kasance memba na majalisa tare da babbar jam'iyyar adawa ta New Democracy .

## Manazarta
George Papassavas

**George Papassavas** (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1924) ɗan wasan Girka ne wanda ya yi tafiya sosai a duk faɗin Latin Amurka.

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haife shi a Stavroupoli, Girka, Papassavas ba tare da nufin mahaifinsa ba ya koya wa kansa dabarun mai zane-zane na gargajiya tun yana ƙarami. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 17, sojojin Bulgarian da suka mamaye sun tilasta masa aiki. Bayan ya dawo Girka, ya fara karatu a Makarantar Fine Arts ta Athens. A shekara ta 1955, bayan littafin Brazil: A Land of the Future na Stefan Zweig ya burge shi, Papassavas ya yi tafiya tare da matarsa zuwa Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, inda ya yi karatu a ƙarƙashin Candido Portinari . A cikin neman wahayi na fasaha, Papassavas ya yi tafiye-tafiye da yawa a duk faɗin Kudancin Amurka yana lura da mutanenta da yanayin halitta. A ƙarshen 1967, ya koma Amurka kuma ya ci gaba da ci gabansa a fannin fasaha a Jami'ar Harvard.

A ƙarshen shekara ta 1974, Papassavas ya koma Florida, inda ya zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka a shekara ta 1978. Har zuwa yau har yanzu yana zane. Shi da matarsa a halin yanzu suna raba lokacin su tsakanin Florida, Maine, da Massachusetts. Yana da mutane da yawa da kuma rukuni a duk faɗin Turai, Kudancin Amurka, da Amurka. An haɗa aikinsa a cikin gidajen tarihi, ɗakunan karatu, da kuma tarin masu zaman kansu da kamfanoni. An kuma nuna fasaharsa a cikin jaridu, mujallu, da littattafai da yawa.

Tsarin ƙanƙara da launuka masu dumi suna nuna salon sa a cikin zanen.

## Bayanan gaba ɗaya

* Masu zane-zane na Florida. *George Papassavas*, shafi na 155-6. Alto, New Mexico: Mountain Productions na Texas, 1992.
* Wanene Wanene A kan Fasaha, shafi na 149. Miami, Florida: Kamfanin Jayell Publishing Company Publication, Farko Library Edition 1971-1972.
* Wanene Wanene A kan Fasaha, shafi na 109 & 117. Miami, Florida: Kamfanin Jayell Publishing Company Buga, Littattafan Laburaren Sakandare 1971-1972
Tsigdem Asafoglou

Tsigdem Asafoglou (Girkanci: Tsigdém Asáfoglou; Turkiyya: ; an haife shi 17 Nuwamba 1987) ɗan siyasan Girka ne, a halin yanzu shugaban Jam'iyyar Abokantaka, Daidaitawa da Zaman Lafiya, wanda ke wakiltar wani ɓangare na Ƙananan Musulmai na Yammacin Thrace

An haifi Asafoglou a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1987 a Xanthi, Girka . Ta yi karatu a makarantar firamare ta Limachers da makarantar sakandare ta farko a Xanthi . Ta kammala karatunta na jami'a a Sashen Falsafa da Koyarwa na Jami'ar Aristotle ta Thessaloniki . Bayan ta yi aiki sosai na tsawon shekaru 3 a matsayin memba na Jam'iyyar FEP an zabe ta a matsayin shugabar majalisa a ranar 5 ga Janairun 2019. Ta yi aure kuma mahaifiyar ɗa ɗaya ce.

## Manazarta
Cyril na uku na Constantinople

Cyril III na Constantinople (Girkanci: ; ya mutu bayan 1655), ya kasance Babban Ikilisiya na Constantinople na kwanaki takwas a watan Yunin 1652 kuma na kwana goma sha huɗu a watan Maris na shekara ta 1654. [1][2] Ya fito ne daga Xanthi kuma a baya ya yi aiki a matsayin bishop na Koranti, Philippopolis da Tarnovo . [1]

## Bayani da nassoshi
Charalambos Dimarchopoulos

An haifi **Charalambos Dimarchopoulos** (Girkanci: Χαραλαμπος Δημαρχοπουλος) a Xanthi, Girka a shekarar 1964. Ya kammala karatun Faculty of Education na Jami'ar Aristotle ta Thessaloniki . Tun daga shekara ta 1985, ya yi aiki a matsayin malamin makarantar firamare a makarantu da yawa kuma, har zuwa Zaben Mayu 2014, ya rike mukamin shugaban makarantar firamaren Stavroupoli, Xanthi .

A shekara ta 2007, an zabe shi a matsayin memba na Majalisar prefect ta Xanthi tare da kafa siyasa ta Giorgos Pavlidis, prefect a lokacin. Daga 2009 zuwa 2010, ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin Prefect na Xanthi Prefecture . A cikin zaɓen kananan hukumomi na shekara ta 2010, ya gudu kuma an zabe shi a matsayin memba na majalisa na Xanthi, wanda ya jagoranci daga 2-1-2011 - kuma daga sake zabensa a matsayin shugaban majalisa daga Janairun 2013. –

A cikin zaɓen gida na Mayu 2014, ya jagoranci ƙungiyar siyasa ta gida *"Δήμος Πρότυπο"* ("Muniyar misali"), tare da ita aka zabe shi magajin gari a zagaye na biyu na zaɓen a ranar 25-5-2014, yana tara kuri'u 11,608, 51.14%, tare da kuri'u 10,090, 48.86%, ga abokin hamayyarsa Christos Poulios .  Dangane da dokar sake fasalin Kallikratis da ke aiki tun daga zaben 2014, ya zama magajin gari a ranar 1 ga Satumba, 2014 na tsawon shekaru 5;  har zuwa 2014 wa'adin, na shekaru hudu, ya fara ne a ranar 1 ta Janairu bayan zaben.

Ya yi aure kuma yana da 'yar daya da aka haifa a shekara ta 2002.

## Manazarta