Cibiyar Tsinkaya ta Guguwa da Guguwar Arctic

**Cibiyar Prediction Prairie da Arctic Storm Prediction Center** ( **PASPC** ), tana da alhakin yin hasashen yanayi ga jama'a da ma'aikatan ruwa a cikin Lardunan Prairie na Kanada, yankunan Arewa maso Yamma, Yankin Nunavut, da kuma ruwa na gida. An raba ayyukan PASPC tsakanin ofishi a Winnipeg, Manitoba da ofishi a Edmonton, Alberta . Hukumar tana ba da ci gaba da sa ido kan yanayi tare da fitar da hasashen yanayi, gargadin yanayi da kallon yanayi a wani bangare na wannan tsari. Ana ba da tattaunawar yanayi mai tsanani na yau da kullun don ba da ƙarin bayani kan yankin da ke zama mummunar barazanar yanayi, yana mai bayyana ko akwai yiwuwar agogo ko faɗakarwa da cikakkun bayanai.

Hukumar tana ɗaya daga cikin cibiyoyin hasashen yanayi guda biyar don Sabis ɗin Yanayi na Kanada . Sauran cibiyoyin yanayi guda hudu sune Pacific da Yukon Storm Prediction Center ( Vancouver, British Columbia ), Cibiyar Hasashen Hasashen Ontario ( Toronto, Ontario ), Cibiyar Hasashen Hasashen Quebec ( Montreal, Quebec ), da Cibiyar Hasashen Hasashen Atlantic ( Dartmouth, Nova Scotia ). Cibiyar Hasashen Hasashen Atlantic kuma tana da Cibiyar Guguwa ta Kanada tare da kula da Ofishin yanayi na Newfoundland da Labrador ( Gander, Newfoundland da Labrador ). Kowace cibiyar hasashen guguwa tana ba da ci gaba da hasashen jama'a da na ruwa da faɗakarwa ga sassa daban-daban na ƙasar Kanada. Ofisoshin biyu (Edmonton da Montreal) na Cibiyar Kula da Jiragen Sama ta Kanada ne ke samar da hasashen yanayin jirgin daban daban. Hukumar ta PASPC tana da mafi girman yanki na hasashen alhaki a tsakanin Cibiyoyin Hasashen Guguwa guda biyar, wanda ya shafi yanki mafi girma fiye da sauran ofisoshi huɗu a hade; kusan 8,270,000&nbsp;km² na ƙasar Kanada da ruwa. 

Cibiyar Hasashen Prairie da Arctic Storm wani ɓangare ne na Sabis ɗin Yanayi na Kanada (MSC), wanda ke aiki ƙarƙashin ikon Sashen Muhalli da Canjin Yanayi na Kanada (ECCC).

## Tarihi
An ƙirƙiri Hasashen Hasashen Prairie da Arctic a cikin 2003. Kafin wannan, hasashen yanayi don Prairies na Kanadiya da Arctic na Kanada ya samo asali sosai fiye da karnin da ya gabata. Ƙirƙirar PASPC ita ce ƙarshen shekaru da yawa na canji a cikin sabis na yanayin Kanada a wannan lokacin.

An kafa Hukumar Kula da Yanayi na Kanada a cikin 1871. An shirya hasashen farko a cikin 1876 da 1887 daga Toronto, Ontario. Waɗannan hasashen sun kasance da farko don buƙatun ruwa tare da gabar tekun Atlantika ta Kanada da Manyan Tafkuna . Yayin da cibiyoyin sadarwa na kallo da na telegraph suka fadada zuwa yamma zuwa lardunan Prairie, an kafa kisa na yau da kullum na kudancin Manitoba a 1899 da kuma Alberta da Saskatchewan a 1903.  A wannan lokacin, an buɗe hasashen yanayi na biyu a Victoria, British Columbia amma kawai ya samar da tsinkaya ga wannan lardin.

Yawan ofisoshin tsinkaya, ciki har da daya a Winnipeg, ya faɗaɗa a ƙarshen 1930s don tallafawa Trans-Canada Airlines wanda aka kafa a 1937.  A lokacin yakin, ƙarin cibiyoyin yanayi, ciki har da waɗanda ke Edmonton, Whitehorse ( Yukon Territory ), Lethbridge, Alberta, da CFB Rivers (goyan bayan aikin soja na Kanada) an kara da shi a cikin aikin soja na Manitoba. Ofishin Winnipeg ya ba da wasu ainihin tsinkaya ga jama'ar Kanada a cikin Prairies. Ofishin Lethbridge kuma ya ba da "hasashen hadari" ga sassan kudancin Alberta. 

Bayan yakin, tsarin hasashen yanayi na jama'a, wanda har yanzu ana yin shi daga Toronto zuwa dukkan Kanada a gabashin Dutsen Rockies, an karkasa shi. An kafa cibiyoyin hasashen yanki a cikin 1946 a Vancouver, Edmonton, Winnipeg, Toronto, Montreal, da Halifax.  Ofishin Edmonton ne ke da alhakin Alberta, Yukon, da rabin yammacin Saskatchewan, yayin da ofishin Winnipeg ke da alhakin gabashin Saskatchewan, Manitoba, da Arewa maso yammacin Ontario . 

Zuwan hasashen yanayi na adadi a farkon shekarun 1960 ya canza tsarin hasashen a Kanada zuwa ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin hasashen yanki, wanda ake kira "Weather Centrals", tare da ofisoshin tallafi na gida da ake kira "Ofisoshin Yanayi". Ga lardunan prairie na Kanada da yankunan arctic, an kafa yankin Prairie Weather Central a Winnipeg ta 1967. Ƙananan Ofisoshin Weather don tallafawa Prairie Weather Central sun haɗa da Edmonton, Whitehorse da Regina, Saskatchewan.  

A cikin 1971, an ƙaura da sabis na yanayi zuwa Mahalli Kanada, sabon Sashen Tarayya. Cibiyoyin Yanayi sun zama "Cibiyoyin Yanayi". Sabuwar Cibiyar Yanayi ta Prairie (PrWC) wacce har yanzu tana aiki daga Winnipeg kuma yankin alhakinta shine lardunan Saskatchewan da Manitoba da Arewa maso yammacin Ontario. A Edmonton, an faɗaɗa nauyin hasashen zuwa sabbin ofisoshin yanayi guda biyu: Cibiyar Yanayi ta Arctic (ArWC) da Cibiyar Yanayi ta Alberta (AlWC). Ofishin Yanayi na Yukon ya samar da hasashen Yukon a hukumance. Ofishin Yanayi na Regina ya kasance a buɗe amma a ƙarshe an rufe shi a cikin 1979. 

A cikin 1993 da 1994, sabis na yanayi na Kanada ya ƙarfafa ƙananan ofisoshi na taƙaitaccen yanayi 54 da cibiyoyin yanayi takwas zuwa 17 sabbin "Cibiyoyin Sabis na Muhalli". An watse Cibiyar Yanayi ta Prairie zuwa Cibiyar Sabis na Muhalli ta Saskatchewan, wanda ke cikin Saskatoon, Cibiyar Sabis na Muhalli na Manitoba a Winnipeg da Cibiyar Sabis na Muhalli na Arewa maso yammacin Ontario a Thunder Bay . An raba Cibiyar Weather ta Alberta zuwa Cibiyar Sabis na Muhalli ta Arewacin Alberta a Edmonton kuma Cibiyar Sabis na Muhalli ta Kudancin Alberta ita ce Calgary. An ci gaba da yin hasashen yanayin Arctic daga Cibiyar Yanayi ta Arctic a Edmonton (wanda ke tare da Cibiyar Sabis na Muhalli ta Arewacin Alberta) da ofishin Yukon Weather.

A cikin 1998, an haɗa ofisoshin Edmonton, Calgary, Saskatoon da Winnipeg zuwa sabuwar Cibiyar Hasashen Prairie Storm (PSPC) da ke Winnipeg. Sabon ofishin shine ke da alhakin duk hasashen jama'a da na ruwa da gargadi na Lardunan Prairie guda uku. Koyaya, an matsar da alhakin hasashen jirgin sama na waɗannan ofisoshin zuwa sabuwar Cibiyar Yanayi na Prairie da Arctic Aviation (PAAWC) a Edmonton. Hukumar ta PAAWC kuma ita ce ke da alhakin duk hasashen jama'a da na ruwa da faɗakarwa ga Yankunan Arewa maso Yamma, Yankin Nunavut da magudanar ruwa a cikin Arctic na Kanada. An rufe Ofishin Yanayi na Yukon kuma an tura hasashen Yukon zuwa Ofishin Sabis na Muhalli na Kelowna (British Columbia). Sabuwar PSPC ita ce kawai ofishi a cikin sabis na yanayi na Kanada don ɗaukar sunan "Cibiyar Hasashen Hasashen"; suna don nuna fifikon aikin ofis akan yanayi mai haɗari.

A cikin 2003, wani MSC na sake fasalin ya haɗu da PSPC, PAAWC da duk sauran Cibiyoyin Sabis na Muhalli na Kanada 11 zuwa Cibiyoyin Hasashen Guguwa guda biyar; Ɗaukar ƙa'idar suna da tsarin hasashen da PSPC ta yi shekaru biyar a baya. Hasashen jama'a da na ruwa da alhakin faɗakarwa daga PSPC da PAAWC an haɗa su cikin sabuwar Prairie da Arctic Storm Prediction Center (PASPC). Ayyukan jiragen sama na duk yammacin Kanada da Arctic yanzu sun faɗi ƙarƙashin alhakin sabuwar Cibiyar Kula da Jiragen Sama ta Kanada (CMAC - Yamma). An canza hasashen hasashen yankin Yukon daga Kelowna zuwa Cibiyar Hasashen Guguwar Pacific da aka sake masa suna a Vancouver. An riga an riga an haɗa PASPC tare da jayayya. Bayanan da aka fallasa kafin sanarwar a hukumance sun nuna cewa ofisoshin hasashen yanayi na jama'a da na ruwa guda biyar ne kawai za su kasance a bude.  Bayanin ya nuna cewa wurin Winnipeg, gidan na Prairie Storm Prediction Center, zai rufe kuma duk nauyin hasashensa zai matsa zuwa sabon PASPC a Edmonton. Ja da baya na jama'a da na siyasa    ya haifar da canji mai sauƙi ga ainihin shirin. Shirin da aka sanar a hukumance ya haifar da sabon Cibiyar Hasashen Prairie da Arctic Storm tare da raba ma'aikatanta tsakanin wuraren Winnipeg da Edmonton.  

A cikin 2007, masu binciken yanayi daga PASPC sun tantance lalacewar guguwa a Elie, Manitoba don zama F5 akan Sikelin Fujita . Guguwar Elie, Manitoba ita ce guguwar F5 ta farko a Kanada. 

A cikin 2011, Gwamnatin Kanada ta ba da sanarwar  cewa PASPC za ta ɗauki alhakin sabbin hasashen Arctic Ocean METAREA don METAREA XVII  da METAREA XVIII. 

## Manazarta