open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Lucianne Walkowicz

Walkowicz shine abokin haɗin gwiwa na JustSpace Alliance tare da Erika Nesvold don"ba da shawara don ƙarin haɗaka da da'a a nan gaba a sararin samaniya,da kuma amfani da hangen nesa na gobe don samun mafi adalci da daidaito a duniya a yau".

### Bayyanar jama'a

* Walkowicz ya bayyana a cikin shirin 2016 na Werner Herzog *Lo and Behold*.
* Walkowicz ya bayyana a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen *MARS* na National Geographic.
* Walkowicz ya bayyana a cikin WGN Evening News's 2020"Tauraron Kirsimeti".
* Walkowicz ya fito a cikin shirin shirin Discovery's 2022"Fita ta ƙarshe: Space,"wanda Rudolph Herzog ya jagoranta. 

## Manazarta
Wang Zhenyi (masanin taurari)

Ɗaya daga cikin gwaje-gwajen da ta yi don nazarin husufin wata ya haɗa da sanya tebur mai zagaye a cikin rumfar lambu,yana aiki a matsayin globe;Ta rataya fitilar lu'ulu'u a kan igiya daga saman katakon rufin,wanda ke wakiltar rana. Sannan a gefe guda na teburin tana da madubin zagaye kamar wata.Ta motsa waɗannan abubuwa guda uku kamar rana,ƙasa,da wata bisa ga ƙa'idodin taurari.Abubuwan da ta gano da kuma abubuwan da ta lura sun kasance daidai kuma an rubuta su a cikin labarinta mai suna"Bayyanawar Kusufin Rana."
Kim Weaver

Weaver yana jin daɗin kiɗa,fasaha,da waƙa.Har ila yau,tana son gidan wasan kwaikwayo na al'umma,inda ta shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo,jagora da saita ƙira.Ta fi son yin wasan Elvira a cikin Noël Coward's *Blithe Spirit* . Yayin da take kwaleji ta kasance memba na ƙungiyar maci ta WVU kuma a cikin shekarar 1986 an zaɓi Miss Mountaineer. Weaver yana da sha'awa ta musamman wajen haɗa yara masu ilimin taurari.  Iyayenta,Kenna (matattu a 2010)da Patricia Weaver,har yanzu suna zaune a Morgantown,West Virginia .  

## Manazarta
Sarah Frances Whiting

Whiting ta yi ritaya daga matsayinta na farfesa a fannin kimiyyar lissafi a Wellesley a shekara ta 1916,amma ta ci gaba da zama a matsayin Darakta na Whitin Observatory har zuwa 1916.Ta rike mukamin Farfesa Emeritus har zuwa mutuwarta a 1927 a Wilbraham, Massachusetts.An binne ta a makabartar Machpelah da ke Le Roy,New York,kusa da wadda ta rasu a yanzu,Jami'ar Ingham.  

## Manazarta
Mary Watson Whitney

Whitney ta mayar da hankali kan koyarwarta da bincike kan batutuwan da suka shafi taurari biyu,taurari masu canzawa,asteroids,tauraro mai wutsiya, da ma'auni ta faranti na hoto.A karkashin jagorancinta,an buga labarai 102 a Cibiyar Kula da Kwalejin Vassar.A cikin 1889,mahaifiyar Whitney da 'yar'uwarta duka biyu sun yi rashin lafiya kuma Whitney ta motsa su zuwa Observatory inda za ta iya kula da su kuma ta ci gaba da aikinta na ɗan lokaci.Sa’ad da suka mutu bayan shekara biyu,ta koma aikin cikakken lokaci.
Bet Willman

Beth ta fi mai da hankali kan bincikenta akan ilimin sararin samaniya.Kwarewarta tana binciken mafi ƙarancin haske a cikin sararin samaniyar mu. The galaxy Willman 1,wanda ta gano a lokacin da ta postdoc,da sunan ta.
Julie Vinter Hansen

A wannan shekara ta 1939 ta sami lambar yabo ta Tagea Brandt Rejselegat(kyautar tafiya),da aka ba wa matan da suka ba da gudummawa mai yawa a kan fasaha ko kimiyya.Tare da kuɗin kyautar(DKK 10.000 ko 160,000 na ainihin dalar Amurka)sun gudanar da rangadi ta Amurka zuwa Japan da dawowa.Lokacin da ta dawo a 1940,barkewar yakin duniya na biyu ya hana ta tafiya gida.

An nada Vinter Hansen Knight na Order na Dannebrog a 1956kuma ta ci gaba da aikinta a Jami'ar Copenhagen har zuwa 1960.

## Mutuwa
Julie Vinter Hansen ta mutu a cikin 1960, daga raunin zuciya 'yan kwanaki kafin ta yi ritaya,a wurin hutunta na ƙaunataccen, ƙauyen dutsen Switzerland na Mürren, kuma an binne shi a Copenhagen. Ƙananan duniyar 1544 Vinterhansenia, wanda masanin astronomer Finnish Liisi Oterma ya gano a cikin 1940s,an ba shi suna a cikin girmamawa. 

## Manazarta
Emma Vyssotsky

Emma ta sami digirinta na farko a fannin lissafi a Kwalejin Swarthmore a 1916 kuma ta yi aiki a Kwalejin Smith a matsayin mai baje kolin astronomy /mathematicsna tsawon shekara guda kafin ta sami aiki a kamfanin inshora a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo.A cikin 1927,bayan da ta sami Fellowship Whitney da Bartol Scholarship, ta shiga cikin ilimin taurari a Kwalejin Radcliffe (yanzu ɓangare na Harvard).A can,ta yi aiki tare da Cecilia Payne a kan "madaidaicin layin layi na hydrogen da ionized calcium a cikin jerin bakan." 

## Manazarta
Lee Anne Willson

**Lee Anne Willson**

## Rayuwa ta sirri
A ranar 19 ga Yuli,1969,ta auri Stephen J. Willson,farfesa a fannin lissafi a jihar Iowa.Tare suna da yara biyu,Kendra da Jeffrey.Abubuwan da Willson ke so sun haɗa da koyon harsunan waje, wasan ƙwallon ƙafa,da fasaha.Ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ames Figure Skating Club na kusan shekaru biyar.Tun daga 1995,ta kasance tana yin origami"takarda quilts"kuma ta nuna sha'awar sauran nau'ikan origami na zamani.  

## Manazarta
Anna Winlock

## Mutuwa
Mutuwar Winlock ta kasance ba zato ba tsammani Ranar 17 ga Disamba,1904,ta ziyarci Harvard College Observatory don abin da zai zama lokaci na ƙarshe,kuma ta ci gaba da aiki har lokacin hutu.Shigar da ta ƙarshe a cikin littafinta na raguwa ta kasance ranar Sabuwar Shekara ta 1904. Bayan kwana uku ta mutu ba zato ba tsammani tana da shekaru 47 a Boston, Massachusetts.An gudanar da jana'izar a St.John's Chapel da ke Cambridge.  

## Manazarta
Rosemary Wyse

Wyse ya gudanar da bincike na postdoctoral a Jami'ar Princeton da Jami'ar California Berkeley.Ayyukanta sun kasance a cikin fagagen samuwar galactic,abun da ke ciki da juyin halitta. Baya ga aikinta na bincike,Wyse ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar mace ta farko ta Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiya ta Aspen daga 2010 zuwa 2013, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin Amintacce daga shekarar 2006 zuwa shekarar  2010.
Gillian Wright (masanin taurari)

A cikin aikinta Wright ta shiga cikin ayyukan hangen nesa da dama.Ta kasance mai binciken haɗin gwiwa don kayan aiki na Spectral da Photometric Imaging Receiver(SPIRE)akan Herschel Space Observatory na Hukumar Kula da Sararin Samaniya ta Turai,wanda ke aiki daga 2009 zuwa 2013. A halin yanzu ita ce Shugabar Turai don Infrared Instrument(MIRI)akan na'urar hangen nesa ta James Webb ta NASA,da kuma kasancewa memba na ƙungiyar aikin kimiyyar aikin.An kammala MIRI a cikin 2012,lokacin da aka tura shi zuwa Cibiyar Jirgin Sama ta NASA ta Goddard don haɗawaa cikin na'urar hangen nesa, wanda aka ƙaddamar a kan 25 Disamba 2021. 

## Manazarta
Karen Masters

## Haɗin gwiwar jama'a
Masters suna daidaita masana kimiyyar bincike don Galaxy Zoo,aikin rarraba galaxy da aka samo asali.Ta fito a BBC Sky Dare.

Ta tsara shafin She's An Astronomer don Galaxy Zoo,tana tattara labaran mata daga ilimin taurari.A cikin 2014 Masters sun sami lambar yabo ta Mata na gaba don Kimiyya. A wannan shekarar an saka ta a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan mata 100 na BBC.
Antonia Maury

Koyaya, lokacin da aka fi ba da rahoton binary na farko da kewayarsa,sunan da ke da alaƙa da shi shine Pickering.Pickering ya sanar da gano hakan a cikin gabatarwa ga taron Philadelphia na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa a ranar 13 ga Nuwamba,1889.An kwatanta aikin a cikin takarda"A kan Spectrum na Zeta Ursae Majoris",wanda ya bayyana a cikin *Jaridar Kimiyya ta Amirka* a 1890.A cikin duka biyun kawai ambaton Maury shine layi daya,yana mai cewa"nazari mai kyau game da sakamakon da Miss.AC Maury,'yar'uwar Dr. Draper ta yi".An ba da kyautar marubuci tilo a matsayin Pickering.  

## Manazarta
Claire Ellen Max

An fi sanin Max saboda gudunmawar da ta bayar ga ka'idar adaftar kayan gani a matsayin dabara don rage murdiya na hotuna da aka ɗauka ta cikin yanayi mai ruɗani.Wannan aikin ya fara ne a Ƙungiyar Shawarar Tsaro ta JASON, wadda ta shiga cikin 1983 a matsayin mace ta farko.Tare da abokan aikinta a cikin JASON,ta haɓaka ra'ayin yin amfani da tauraro mai jagora na laser wucin gadi don gyara hotunan taurari.Baya ga ci gaba da haɓaka wannan fasaha a Cibiyar Adaftar Optics,tana amfani da na'urori masu daidaitawa don yin nazarin nuclei masu aiki da kuma taurari a cikin Tsarin Rana. 

## Manazarta
Margaret Mayal

Mayall(an haifi Margaret Lyle Walton) an haife shi a Iron Hill,Maryland,a ranar 27 ga Janairu 1902. Ta halarci Jami'ar Delaware,inda sha'awarta game da ilmin taurari ya karu bayan daukar darussan lissafi da ilmin sunadarai. Daga nan ta koma Kwalejin Swarthmore, inda ta sami Digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi a 1924.

Ta sami MA a ilmin taurari daga Kwalejin Radcliffe,Jami'ar Harvard,a cikin 1928 kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar bincike kuma masanin falaki a Harvard College Observatory daga 1924 zuwa 1954, da farko tana aiki tare da Annie Jump Cannon akan rarraba bakan tauraro da kimanta hasken tauraro. Ta kasance ma'aikaciyar bincike a dakin gwaje-gwaje na Heat Research,Ƙungiyar Makamai na Musamman,Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts daga 1943 zuwa 1946. 

## Manazarta
Gladys Hansen

Baya ga aikin ɗakin karatu,Hansen ya kafa San Francisco City Guides,ƙungiyar sa kai da ke ba da yawon shakatawa na birnin.  

A cikin 1997,Hansen ya sami lambar yabo ta Ron Ross Founder's Award daga Ƙungiyar Tarihi ta San Francisco.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Hansen ya auri William Hansen,wanda matukin jirgin sama ne a yakin duniya na biyu.Suna da ɗa,Richard.
Michael Umale Adikwu

**Michael Umale Adikwu** (an Haife shi 19 Afrilu 1963)  masanin ilimin Najeriya ne, masani ne a fannin harhaɗa magunguna kuma tsohon Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Abuja. An naɗa shi a ranar 30 ga watan Yuni 2014. 

## Ilimi
Adikwu ya halarci makarantar firamare ta St. Paul da ke Utonkon daga shekarun 1970 zuwa 1975 da Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya da ke Jos daga  1976 zuwa 1981. Bayan kammala karatunsa a Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya, ya sami digirin sa na farko a Pharmacy a Jami’ar Najeriya, Nsukka,  a shekarar 1986 sannan ya sami digiri na biyu a shekarar 1989 sannan ya kara samun digirin digirgir a shekarar 1994 daga jami’a guda.  

## Sana'a
Adikwu ya yi aiki a matsayin likitan magunguna na asibiti a hukumar kula da ayyukan kiwon lafiya da ke Benue tun daga shekarar 1988. Ya fara ne a matsayin Lecturer II a Jami’ar Najeriya, Nsukka a shekarar 1990. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban sashen daga shekarun 1995 zuwa 1998 da 2002-2004 kuma an naɗa shi a matsayin Farfesa na Pharmaceutics a shekara ta 1998. Ya rike muƙamin mataimakin shugaban jami’ar Abuja tun a shekarar 2014. Ya yi aiki a matsayin farfesa mai ziyara a Jami'ar Manchester kuma ya rubuta fiye da labaran mujallu 170. 

Adikwu ya lashe guraben ilimi karo  da dama a tsawon rayuwarsa, ciki har da Mataimakin Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Duniya ta Uku a Trieste a Italiya (2008) da Cibiyar Nishaɗi da Ci Gaban Fasaha ta Duniya (TED) Taron Balaguro, Arusha Tanzania, a 2007.  Ya rike Alexander Von Humboldt Foundation Fellowship a Jamus daga shekarun 1999 zuwa 2000; Matsumae International Foundation Fellowship, Japan a shekara ta 2002; Kwalejin Tarayya don Mafi kyawun Ɗalibai 20, a Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka a cikin shekara ta 1982-1986; Samun Karatu karatu kyauta na Gwamnatin Tarayya don Mafi kyawun Ɗalibai 3, na Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya, Jos.

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa
Adikwu ya samu tallafin bincike daga kungiyar Royal Society of Chemistry ta Burtaniya, Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Duniya ta Uku, Gidauniyar Kimiya ta Duniya da ke kasar Sweden, Majalisar Bincike da Bunkasa Raw Materials da ke Abuja, da Cibiyar Bincike da Cigaban Magunguna ta Ƙasa Abuja. 

Ya samu lambar yabo ta Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Najeriya a fannin Kimiyya a shekarar 2006 da lambar yabo ta kwararrun Ma’aikata da Baker a Pharmacy a shekara ta 2009. Haka kuma a cikin shekarar 2009, an naɗa shi Fellow of the Nigerian Academy of Science. 

Adikwu na iya magana da harshen Ingilishi, Faransanci da kuma Jamusanci.

Farfesa Adikwu ya auri Victoria wacce Allah ya albarkace ta da ‘ya’ya 6.

## Manazarta
Annette Lewis Phinazee

## Legacy
Phinazee ya mutu a ranar 17 ga Satumba, 1983,a Durham,North Carolina.A cikin 1984 an kafa lambar yabo ta Annette Lewis Phinazee a Makarantar Laburare da Kimiyyar Labarai ta NCCU.An dauki wannan lambar yabon ne a matsayin abin tunawa ga ayyukanta na inganta yadda jama'ar Arewacin Carolina ke samun damar samun littattafan yara 'yan Afirka na Amurka kuma ana ba da kyautar kowace shekara ga wani mutum ko kungiyar da ke yin irin wannan aiki.An ba ta lambar yabo ta lambar yabo ta Laburaren Arewacin Carolina a cikin 1989.
Janet Akyüz Mattei

**Janet Hanula Mattei** ( née Akyüz; 2 ga Janairu, 1943 &#x2013; Maris 22, 2004) ta kasance ƙwararren masanin taurari  koma Ba'amurke wacce ita ce darektan ƙungiyar masu sa ido kan taurari ta Amurka (AAVSO) daga 1973 zuwa shekara ta  2004.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi **Janet Hanula Akyüz** a Bodrum, na kasar  Turkiyya, ita ce babba cikin 'yan'uwa biyar da iyayen Yahudawa Yahudawa na Turkiyya suka haifa, Bella da Baruh Akyüz.  Ta yi karatu a Cibiyar Kwalejin Kwalejin Amurka, İzmir . Ta zo Amurka don karatun jami'a, kuma ta halarci Jami'ar Brandeis  a Waltham, MA akan Kwalejin Wien . Daga baya, Dorrit Hoffleit ya ba ta aiki a Maria Mitchell Observatory a Nantucket, Massachusetts .

Ta yi aiki a Leander McCormick Observatory a Charlottesville, Virginia daga 1970 zuwa 1972 kuma ta sami MA a Astronomy daga Jami'ar Virginia a 1972 da Ph.D. a Astronomy daga Jami'ar Ege a İzmir, Turkiyya, 1982. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

A matsayinta na shugabar AAVSO sama da shekaru 30, ta tattara abubuwan lura da taurari masu canzawa daga masu son taurari daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Ta haɗa mahimman shirye-shirye na lura da yawa tsakanin masu sa ido da ƙwararrun masana taurari. Har ila yau, ta kasance mai sha'awar ilimi da ayyukan kimiyyar dalibai. A karkashin jagorancinta, an ba da bayanan ƙungiyar ga malamai  kuma sun taimaka wa ƙwararrun ƙwararrun taurari don samun damar isar da saƙon sararin samaniya na Hubble .

== Kyaututtuka da karramawa ==
Mattei ya sami kyaututtuka da yawa, gami da Medal na Centennial na Société Astronomique de France, 1987; George Van Biesbroeck Prize, American Astronomical Society, 1993; Kyautar Leslie Peltier, Ƙungiyar Astronomical, 1993; lambar yabo ta farko Giovanni Battista Lacchini don haɗin gwiwa tare da masu son astronomers, Unione Astrofili Italiani, 1995; da kuma lambar yabo ta Jackson-Gwilt na [[Royal Astronomical Society]], 1995. An kira Asteroid 11695 Mattei a cikin girmamawarta a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 2001 (  ). 

== Mutuwa ==
Ta mutu daga [[Sankaran Bargo (Leukemia)|cutar sankarar bargo]] a [[Boston]] a 2004, tana da shekaru 61. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

## manazarta
Annie SD Maunder

Annie, mai shekaru 27,ta auri Walter,mai shekara 45,a wata cocin Presbyterian da ke Greenwich a ranar 28 ga Disamba 1895.     Walter da Annie ba su da yara tare; ko da yake,Walter yana da 'ya'ya biyar daga auren baya.     Annie ya kasance 17 shekaru fiye da Walter kuma shekaru tara ne kawai ya girmi babban dansa.   Babba cikin yaran yana da shekara 21 sai ƙarami 7.  An bayyana Annie a matsayin mai tunani mai aiki da kuma"hangen nesa mai rai haɗe tare da himma mara gajiya wajen neman shaida da aiwatar da cikakkun bayanai kafin gabatar da kowane sakamako.” Walter ya mutu a shekara ta 1928 yana da shekaru 76.     Annie ya mutu kusan shekaru ashirin bayan haka,yana da shekaru 79, a Wandsworth,London a 1947.
Anne Carroll Moore

A 1896 Moore ya sauke karatu daga Pratt, kuma ya yarda da tayin don tsara ɗakin yara a wannan cibiyar, wani ɓangare saboda takarda da Lutie E. Stearns ya gabatar a taron 1894 na Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru ta Amirka(ALA), "Rahoto a kan Karatun Matasa".Har ya zuwa wannan lokaci an yi la'akari da yara a matsayin ɓarna a saitunan ɗakin karatu, kuma galibi ana cire su daga ɗakunan karatu har sai sun kai aƙalla shekaru 14.  A wani bangare na binciken da ta yi a dakin yara da ake shirin yi,Moore ta ziyarci makarantun renon yara(shima wani sabon tunani a lokacin),ya zagaya unguwannin kabilu daban-daban na yankin, har ma ta tambayi yaran da ta same su a kan titi.Daga nan Moore ya tashi don ƙirƙirar wurin maraba ga yara masu girman kayan ɗaki,buɗaɗɗen tudu,guraben karatu masu daɗi,lokutan labari,wasan tsana,shirye-shiryen bazara,ingantaccen adabin yara da kuma watakila mafi mahimmanci,ma'aikatan ɗakin karatu sun himmatu wajen yin aiki tare da yara. Lokacin da Moore ya buɗe ɗakin yaran ya zana layin yaran da ke kewaye da shingen da ke jiran shigowa. A shekara ta 1900 ta halarci taron Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru(ALA)kuma ta taimaka wajen tsara Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Yara.Ta kasance kujera ta farko ta Club. Daga baya wannan kulob din ya zama Sashen Sabis na Yara na ALA (yanzu Ƙungiyar Sabis na Laburare ga Yara).

Har ila yau,Moore ya haɓaka shirin horarwa ga ma'aikatan sabis na yara: "Gwajin Cancantar da Karatun Karatun Yara". Wannan shiri na watanni shida ya kunshi horarwa a aikace,karatu da tattaunawa. Ta shirya ɗaruruwan lokuta na labari,ta tattara jerin sunayen Ma'auni guda 2500 a cikin Adabin Yara,kuma ta yi sha'awar neman rancen littattafai ga yara. An bukaci yaran da su sanya hannu a kan takardar da aka yi alkawarin cewa za su mutunta littattafai,kuma a mayar da su; "Lokacin da na rubuta sunana a cikin wannan littafi na yi alkawarin kula da littattafan da nake amfani da su a cikin Laburare da kuma gida da kyau,kuma in bi ka'idodin ɗakin karatu."Har ila yau,ta ƙaddamar da manufar haɗa kai, tana bikin bambancin kabilanci na majiɓinta ta lokutan labari,karatun wakoki da litattafan da suka yi bikin ban mamaki daban-daban na bakin haure kwanan nan zuwa birni.Ta yi imanin cewa aikinta shine samar da,"ga 'ya'yan iyayen kasashen waje jin girman kai ga kyawawan abubuwa na kasar da iyayensa suka bari."A shekara ta 1913 littattafan yara sun ɗauki kashi ɗaya bisa uku na dukan kundin da aka aro daga reshen Laburaren Jama'a na New York. 

## Manazarta
Anne Spencer

Yayin da yake a makarantar sakandare ta Virginia Anne ta sadu da abokin karatunta Charles Edward Spencer,wanda ta yi aure a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu,1901,a gidan Dixie a Bramwell.A cikin 1903,Spencers sun koma Lynchburg na dindindin kuma suka gina gida a 1313 Pierce Street inda suka haifi yara uku tare,'ya'ya mata biyu,Bethel da Alroy,da ɗa,Chauncey Spencer. Chauncey ya ci gaba da gadon mahaifiyarsa na gwagwarmaya,yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a aikin soja a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu.Ayyukan Chauncey da jajircewarsa sun kai ga kafa Tuskegee Airmen kuma ya zama sanannen memba a cikin kungiyar a lokacin da aka hana Amurkawa Afirka aikin soja a matsayin matukan jirgi. 
## Hotuna

File:Negro_Poets_and_Their_Poems-0179.jpg|Anne Spencer 
File:AnneSpencerGarden.jpg|Lambun Anne Spencer 


## Manazarta
Ann Hartness

Wani jigo mai maimaitawa a cikin aikinta na tattarawa da kasida ya kasance kayan da ba a samu daga gidajen wallafe-wallafen kasuwanci ba,kamar wallafe-wallafen hukumomin gwamnati,wanda ta bayyana a matsayin"mafi kyau amma ba a bayyana ma'anar bayani ba." Daga tafiye-tafiyen tattarawa na shekara-shekara a duk faɗin Brazil,Hartness ya dawo da dubun dubatar littattafai zuwa Austin, yawancin abin da aka tattara daga irin waɗannan hukumomin jihohi,na gida da na tarayya. Wani abin da aka fi mayar da hankali shi ne"ephemera,"wato ƙasidu, ƙasidu,da sauran rubuce-rubucen rubuce-rubucen masu bincike amma ƙungiyoyi, majami'u,jam'iyyun siyasa,da sauransu suka samar, kuma da wuya a samar da su a cikin ɗakunan karatu.
Anabel Torres ne adam wata

## Manazarta

* TORRES,Anabel.Medias Nonas. Editorial Universidad de Antioquia, Colección Celeste.242 Paginas, Medellín,1992. 
ISBN&nbsp;
* TORRES,Anabel.Agua herida. Ediciones Árbol de papel,Bogotá, 2004.ISBN&nbsp;
Mabel Evwierhoma

**Mabel Itohanosa Erioyunvwen Evwierhoma** (an haife ta a ranar 7 ga watan Mayu Shekara ta 1965) 'yar Najeriya ce. Ita ce Farfesa a fannin wasan kwaikwayo a Jami'ar Abuja. Ta kware a ka'idar ban mamaki, 

## Rayuwa
An haifi Mabel Evwierhoma 'ya ce ga Peter Omoviroro Tobrise da Theodora Tobrise, née Aiwerioghene. Ta yi makarantar firamare ta Abadina daga shekarun 1970 zuwa 1975; da Kwalejin ’Yan mata ta Gwamnatin Tarayya da ke Bauchi daga shekarun 1976 zuwa 1981. Ta samu takardar shedar Sakandare a shekara ta 1983 daga Makarantar Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Tarayya da ke Suleja. Ta wuce Jami'ar Ibadan, inda ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin wasan kwaikwayo a shekara ta 1986 da MA a shekarar 1988. Daga shekarun 1989 zuwa 1990 ta kasance mataimakiyar mai koyarwa a jami'ar Ibadan kafin ta shiga jami'ar Abuja a shekara ta 1990 a matsayin mataimakiyar malami. Ta sami digirin digirgir a shekara ta 1996, kuma an ba ta matsayin cikakkiyar Farfesa a shekarar 2005. 

An wallafa *festschrift* na Evwierhoma a cikin shekarar 2015.  Ta gabatar da wata lakca ta farko a jami'ar Abuja, 'Mother of gold', ranar 21 ga watan Janairu, shekara ta 2016.  A shekarar 2019 ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin ‘yan takara uku da aka tantance a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar jami’ar Abuja. 

A watan Yuni shekara  ta 2020 Evwierhoma ta gabatar da wata lacca mai suna 'Fyade a matsayin Anti-al'ture in the Contemporary Nigeria', inda ta yi kira da a bijire wa al'adu da tanadin tsarin mulki na yaki da fyade. 

## Ayyuka

* Out of hiding*: poems*. Ibadan: Sam Bookman Publishers, 2001.
* *Ƙarfafawar mata da ƙirƙira mai ban mamaki a Najeriya*. Ibadan, Nigeria: Caltop Publications, 2002.
* (ed, tare da Gbemisola Adeoti) *Bayan kyautar Nobel : tunani game da adabin Afirka, shugabanci, da ci gaba*. Lagos, Nigeria: Ƙungiyar Marubuta ta Najeriya, 2006
* *Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na mata na Najeriya : kasidu kan gatari mata a wasan kwaikwayo na zamani a Najeriya*, 2014
* (ed tare da Methuselah Irmiya) *Hotunan ɗabi'a na mace : kasidu a kan mata a wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun Afirka*. Lagos, Nigeria : Concept Publications Limited, 2015.

## Manazarta
Dolores Chavez de Armijo

*Doña* **Dolores Elizabeth"Lola"Chávez de Armijo**(an haife shi a Albuquerque,New Mexico a 1858,ya mutu a Santa Fe,New Mexico a 1929)shi ne Ma'aikacin Laburaren Jiha na New Mexico.A cikin 1912 William C.McDonald gwamnan New Mexico ya yi iƙirarin cewa mata ba su cancanci yin aiki a ƙarƙashin tsarin mulki da dokokin New Mexico ba,kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin maye gurbin Dolores ta hanyar amfani da umarnin kotu.  Ya so ya maye wata mata gurbinta da wani abokinsa namiji wanda yake binsa bashi a siyasance. A cikin martani,Dolores ya shigar da kara tare da Kotun Koli na New Mexico(Jihar v. De Armijo 1914-NMSC-021);Kotun ta yanke mata hukunci, inda ta ba ta damar ci gaba da rike mukaminta, kuma dokar da ta biyo baya ta bai wa mata damar rike mukaman da aka nada a New Mexico.  Dolores ita ce mace ta farko kuma mace 'yar Hispanic ta farko da ta yi hidima a fadin jihar ayankin New Mexico.

## Manazarta
Dorothy B. Porter

A cikin, shekara ta 1929,Burnett ya auri James A. Porter,masanin tarihi da zane-zane.Shi ne marubucin, *Modern Negro Art*.Suna da diya tare,Constance, wanda aka fi sani da "Coni".Ta auri Milan Uzelac,kuma ta fara aiki tare da mahaifiyarta.Ta yi aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta na Laburaren Dorothy Porter Wesley.Daga baya ta taimaka wajen ƙirƙirar Library & Cultural Center na Afirka, ta Kudu a Fort Lauderdale,Florida.
Margaret Mann (ma'aikaciyar ɗakin karatu)

Mann ya yi ritaya a shekara ta 1938 yana da shekaru 65;duk da haka,aikinta na ban mamaki ba a san shi ba.An ba ta Emeritus daga Jami'ar Michigan da kuma lambar yabo ta ALA Joseph W.Lippincott.Don haka sai ta ba wa masu karatu da katalogi damar samun lambar yabo mai suna don girmama ta.Ana ba da Maganar Margaret Mann kowace shekara ga fitaccen ma'aikacin laburare/kataloji.Mann ya mutu a shekara ta 1960.An binne ta tare da iyayenta a Cedar Rapids, Iowa. 

## Manazarta
Muhammad Akaro Mainoma

**Mohammed Akaro Mainoma** farfesa ne a fannin Accounting and Finance daga Jami'ar Abuja dake kasar najeriya .Shi ne tsohon shugaban jami'ar jihar Nasarawa da ke Keffi a Nassarawa.   kwanan nan< aka naɗa shi a matsayin shugaban kungiyar akantoci ta ƙasa ta Najeriya.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Mainoma a ranar 26 ga watan Satumba, 1965. Ya fara karatunsa ne a makarantar firamare ta Dunama da ke Lafia, sannan ya halarci makarantar sakandiren gwamnati da ke Miango. Ya tafi Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello Zaria, da Jami'ar Kudancin Baton Rouge, Jami'ar Pittsburgh da Jami'ar College Cork, Ireland.  Yana da B.Sc. a Accounting, da M.Sc. Accounting and Finance, Masters in Public Sector Accounting, a Nasarawa State University, Keffi, da Ph.D. a fannin kuɗi daga Jami'ar Abuja. Ya kuma rike M.Sc. Accounting da Finance da Ph.D. daga Kwalejin Tsaro ta Najeriya.

## Sana'a
A shekarar 1990 ya yi aiki a kamfanin samar da kayayyaki na jihar Neja Ltd. Ya kuma yi aiki da NCR (NIG) PLC a matsayin babban jami’in tsare-tsare. Sannan a shekarar 1992 ya shiga Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello da ke Zariya. https://nsuk.edu.ng/2014/03/21/nasarawa-state-university-keffi-gets-new-acting-vice-chancellor/ 

## Memba
Shi memba ne a Kwalejin Gudanarwa ta Najeriya (TAMN). Sannan kuma memba ne na Cibiyar Gudanarwa ta Najeriya (NIM), Kungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Kasa (NES). Shi ma'aikaci ne na Association of National Accountants of Nigeria (ANAN) da Chartered Institute of Taxation of Nigeria (CITN).  Ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello, Zariya. Ya yi kwamishinan kuɗi na jihar Nasarawa a tsakanin shekarun 2011 zuwa 2013.  Ya kasance shugaban kungiyar lissafin kuɗi ta Najeriya (2002-2012). Shi ne Shugaban Cibiyar Nazarin Kuɗi da Zuba Jari (IFIAN). Ya kasance memba a hukumar kula da lissafin kuɗi ta Najeriya (NASB) (yanzu majalisar bayar da rahoton kuɗi ta Najeriya). Shi mamba ne a majalisar gudanarwar jihar Nasarawa mai wakiltar majalisar dattawa, da majalisar gudanarwar kungiyar akantoci ta kasa (ANAN) da kuma Chartered Institute of Taxation of Nigeria (CITN). Shi memba ne na Jami'ar ICT Balori Rouge Amurka da Ƙungiyar  Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru da Masu Bincike.

## Manazarta
Margaret Ridley Charlton

"Miss Charlton ita ce mutum daya da ya kawo kungiyar a kaikaice daga yin magana da Dr.Osler.Ta kasance cikin Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Amirka. Matsalolinsu ba matsalolinmu ba ne,kuma ta ji asara kuma lokaci ya ɓata,amma duk da haka ta yi nasara. ta yi ƙoƙari don tuntuɓar masu yin irin aikin da take yi,don haka ta ba wa Dokta Osler shawarar cewa zai yi kyau idan dakunan karatu na Likitan za su iya yin irin abin da Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Amirka ke yi."(Bulletin of the Medical Library Association,23 (1934 ):shafi na 33.
Margaret Scoggin

Zamantakewa wani abu ne da Scoggin ya rubuta game da shi da ƙwazo kuma ya yi aiki a duk tsawon aikinta.*Circulatin' the News* wani bulletin na bitar littattafai ne wanda Nathan Straus Reviewers ya rubuta,ƙungiyar matasa masu tasowa karkashin Scoggin.Ta ce game da wannan shirin,"*Circulatin' the News* ya nuna cewa matasa 'yan ƙasa da ashirin da ɗaya suna da ra'ayoyin da za su yi game da littattafai, yawanci suna da wayo game da gano karya da rauni.Irin wannan hanyar yana ba wa matasa dama. don bayyana ra'ayoyinsu,ba tare da tilastawa ba, da fara su a kan hanyar yanke hukunci mai tsanani." Labarin yana cike da roƙo kamar haka,don ba wa matasa damar faɗar yadda ake gudanar da ɗakin karatu, da kuma jagoranci ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa don a ji muryar su.Ta yi fatan yin amfani da wannan bayanin (ra'ayoyin matasa da kansu)don yin tasiri akan nau'ikan littattafan da aka tanadar a ɗakin karatu da kuma yadda aka tsara su a cikin ginin da kansa.*Circulatin' The News* ya yi nasara sosai har ya koma tsarin rediyo bayan Scoggin ya fito a wani shiri na birnin New York mai suna This is Our Town.Nunin,wanda ya ƙunshi bita-bitar littattafan da ’yan kwamitin matasa suka yi,ya gudana tsawon shekaru 22 har sai da ya canza sunansa zuwa“Teen-Age Book Talk,”kuma daga ƙarshe ya koma talabijin a 1960.Saboda nasarorin da reshen Scoggin ya samu,ya ci gaba da zama misali ga ɗakunan karatu na matasa a duniya.An tabbatar da tasirinta a sassan ɗakunan karatu na matasa a yau,tare da yanayinsu masu launi da kuma bin sha'awar matasa.
Karla Hayden

## Enoch Pratt Free Library
A ranar 1 ga Yuli,1993,Hayden ya fara naɗa mukamin Darakta a Laburaren Kyauta na Enoch Pratt,tsarin ɗakin karatu na jama'a a Baltimore,Maryland.

A lokacin aikinta,Hayden ta kula da haɗin gwiwar ɗakin karatu tare da wurare 22, ɗaruruwan ma'aikata,da kasafin kuɗi na shekara-shekara na dala miliyan 40.Ta kuma kula da sabon reshe na farko da aka bude cikin shekaru 35 tare da gyara reshen kungiyar ta tsakiya,kan kudi dala miliyan 112.A lokacin zanga-zangar 2015 na mutuwar Freddie Gray,Hayden ya buɗe ɗakunan karatu na Baltimore,aikin da ta sami yabo mai yawa. 

## Manazarta
Doris Gates

## Awards da liyafar
An san littattafan Gates da yawa tare da kyaututtuka.*Blue Willow* ya kasance daya daga cikin masu tsere don Medal na Newbery na shekara-shekara,  an sanya shi cikin jerin lambar yabo ta Lewis Carroll Shelf a cikin 1961,kuma an naɗa shi ɗayan Mafi kyawun Littattafai na Shekara ta Horn Book Magazine.Hakanan ta sami lambar yabo ta Commonwealth Club of California Book Award.*Ra'ayin Sarah* da *The Cat da Mrs.Cary* kuma an ba su suna Horn Book Best Books of the Year,  kuma an ba *Little Vic* lambar yabo ta William Allen White Award ta 'yan makaranta na Kansas.

An yaba da aikin Gates musamman saboda yanayinsa da kuma sanin wurinsa. *Marubutan yara na ƙarni na ashirin* sun yaba da yadda ta yi amfani da abubuwan labarin al'ada da ma'anar tsari mai ƙarfi.  A cewar wani mai bita"Gates ya rubuta da gaskiya, yana haɗa ƙarfin layin labari tare da ingantattun haruffa,ingantattun saitunan, da jigogi na sakamako."Mai bitar ta ci gaba da cewa kyakykyawan halayenta da kuma kula da halayenta ya sa littattafanta su zama"guduma mai kyau ga adabin yaran Amurka".
Margaret Windeyer

**Margaret Windeyer** (1907 - 1939), mamba ce ta Kwalejin Mata a Jami'ar Sydney. Har ila yau,ta shiga cikin Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Mata na Ƙwararrun Mata, Ƙungiyar Kindergarten na New South Wales, Parks and Playgrounds Movement, da Majalisar Mata ta Ostiraliya,wadda ta nada ta shugabar rayuwarta mai girma a 1918 duk da cewa ba ta taba zama memba ba.na kwamitin zartarwa na majalisar.  

## Manazarta
Mohamed Bencheneb

**Mohammed Bencheneb** (26 Oktoba 18695 Fabrairu 1929) farfesa ne ɗan Aljeriya, marubuci kuma masanin tarihi. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife shi a cikin shekarar 1869   iyayen sa 'yan asalin Turkawa ne,  Bencheneb ya zama malami daga shekarun 1889, yana da kwarewa a harsuna da yawa, ban da Larabci da Faransanci, ya koyi Latin, Ingilishi, Italiyanci, Sifen, Jamusanci, Farisa da Turkish.  Bencheneb ya koyar a Makarantar Graduate Arts na Algiers kafin a tura shi a shekarar 1898 zuwa farfesa a Madrasa na Constantine inda ya zauna na shekaru uku. Ya koma Algiers a 1901 a matsayin farfesa, ya koyar tun a shekarar 1904 a Madrasa Thaalibia, kuma a cikin shekarar 1908 yana da alhakin manyan tarurrukan ilimi. Ya buga kasidu da dama: ɗaya daga cikin kasidunsa na farko yana cikin *Revue Algerienne de Droit* ("Journal of Algerian Law") a shekara ta 1895, sannan a cikin *Revue Africaine* ("Jarida ta Afirka") inda aka ɗauki nauyin yawancin labaransa. 

Bayan mutuwarsa a shekara ta 1929, an binne shi a makabartar Thaalibia na Casbah na Algiers.

## Bibliography
*Cheurfi, Achour (2001), La Classe Politique Algérienne (de 1900 à nos jours): Dictionnaire Biographique, University of Michigan, ISBN 9961-64-292-9.

*Déjeux, Jean (1984), "Bencheneb, Mohamed", Dictionnaire des Auteurs Maghrébins de Langue Française, Karthala, ISBN 2865370852.

*Oulebsir, Nabila (2004), "Bencheneb, Mohamed", Les usages du patrimoine: Monuments, musées et politique coloniale en Algérie, 1830-1930, Editions MSH, ISBN 2735110060.
 

## Manazarta
Nouria Benghabrit-Remaoun

**Nouria Benghabrit-Remaoun** (an Haife ta a ranar 5 ga watan Maris 1952) masaniya ce a fannin a ilimin zamantakewar a Aljeriya kuma mai bincike ce wacce ke aiki a gwamnatin Algeria a matsayin Ministar Ilimi ta ƙasar. 

Ayyukanta na baya Ita ce darektar Cibiyar Bincike ta Ƙasa a cikin zamantakewa da al'adun gargajiya. Ta kasance memba ta Kwamitin Ci Gaban Manufofin Ci Gaba (CDP), reshen kungiyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Tattalin Arziki da Zamantakewa.  

A cewar The Economist, a matsayinta na ministar ilimi, ta fi son amfani da Darija a matsayin harshen ilimi a Aljeriya. 

Ita ce jika ce ga Si Kaddour Benghabrit.

## Manazarta
Chems-Eddine Chitour

**Chems-Eddine Chitour** masani ne sannan Malami na ƙasar Aljeriya, mai bincike kuma marubuci.  Ya karɓi muƙamin Ministan Canjin Makamashi da Sabunta Makamashi a ranar 24 ga watan Yuni, 2020. A baya ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Ilimi mai zurfi da Bincike na Kimiyya daga watan Janairu 4th zuwa ranar 24 ga watan Yuni, 2020  a Algeria.

## Sana'a
Ya kammala karatu daga makarantar National Polytechnic School da kuma Aljeriya Institute of Petroleum a Algiers, a fannin Chemistry. Ya yi digirinsa na uku a "Es Sciences" a Jami'ar Jean Monnet a Faransa. Shine wanda ya kafa valorization na ɗakin binciken makamashin da burbushin halittu. Ya yi aiki a matsayin farfesa da mataimakin farfesa a "IGC" sannan ya yi aiki ENSIACET  a birnin Toulouse a Faransa. Ya buga kasidu da littattafai da dama na ilim.

Chitour ya fara aiki a ranar 4 ga watan Janairu 2020 a matsayin Ministan Ilimi mai zurfi da Bincike na Kimiyya. 

## Manazarta
Mabrook Dreidi

**Mabrook Dreidi Ben El Mekki** (Larabci: **مبروك دريدي** ) marubuci ne kuma ɗan Aljeriya, an haife shi a Sétif a ranar 2 ga watan Mayu 1978.  Ya rubuta muƙaloli da suka da kuma litattafai.  Farfesa ne a fannin adabin Larabci a Jami'ar Setif 1. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Mabrook Dreidi a ranar 2 ga watan Mayu 1978 a Setif a arewa maso gabashin Aljeriya.  Ya yi karatun firamare a shekarun 1984/1985. A shekara ta 1990 ya koma matakin share fage, kuma a shekarar 1993 ya koma sakandare don samun digiri na uku a fannin Arts and Humanities Branch. Ya shiga jami'a ne don kammala karatunsa a sashin nazarin adabin larabci, inda ya samu digirinsa na farko.  Ya ci gasar karatun digiri na biyu don kare karatunsa na digiri a fannin adabi na zamani a Constantine the Philosopher University da ke Nitra, bayan da ya kammala digirinsa na uku, kuma aka ba shi a shekarar 2014. An naɗa shi Farfesa a Jami'ar Setif 2, Faculty of Arts and Languages.  Yana da aure kuma yana da 'ya'ya maza biyu.

## Rubuce-rubuce
Labarai: 

* "In the presence of water"
* "Valley of the Jinn"
* "Lampedusa"
* "The last crow"

Littattafai: 

* Shahararren Labari (an fito dashi a cikin shekarar 2011)
* Littafin gama gari kan juriyar Aljeriya (an buga shi a cikin shekarar 2012)
* Littafin gama gari akan shahararrun waƙoƙi (an fito dashi a cikin 2013)
* Littafin gama gari kan labari da hanyoyin (an buga shi a cikin shekarar 2015)
* Littafin gama gari kan addini da ainihi (an buga shi a cikin shekarar 2016)
* Wuri a cikin Rubutun Labari: Tsari da Muhimmanci (an fitar da a watan Janairu 1, 2020)

## Manazarta
João Baptista Borges

**João Baptista Borges** (an haife shi ranar hudu 4 GA watan Janairu shekarar alif 1964, Luanda) masani ne a fannin ilimi  kuma ɗan siyasa ne na  ƙasar Angola wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Makamashi da Ruwa a ƙarƙashin Shugaba José Eduardo dos Santos da João Lourenço daga shekara ta 2012 zuwa yau.  Farfesa ne a fannin Injiniyanci a Jami'ar Agostinho Neto kuma memba ne a ofishin siyasa na MPLA.  Yana magana da harsunan ƙasashen waje guda uku, Ingilishi, Faransanci da Sipaniyanci sosai.

Faransanci, Turanci,  Sipaniyanci.

## Ilimi

Borges ya yi karatun digiri na farko a Injiniyan Lantarki a Jami'ar Agostinho Neto a shekara ta alif 1991, sannan ya yi digiri na biyu a Electrical and Computer Engineering Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal a shekara ta 2011. 

## Sana'a
Borges ya shiga aikin farar hula ne a shekarar 1991 a matsayin injiniyan injiniya mai horarwa, a ENE/North Regional Directorate har zuwa shekara ta 1992 lokacin da aka naɗa shi farfesa a fannin Injiniya a Jami’ar Agostinho Neto kuma ya yi aiki tare a wasu muƙamai har zuwa shekara ta 2008 lokacin da ya zama Mataimakin Ministan Makamashi. Daga shekarun 2010 zuwa 2011, ya rike muƙamin sakataren ma'aikatar makamashi, daga shekarar 2012 zuwa yau, ya rike mukamin ministan makamashi da ruwa. 

## Manazarta
Mahmud Ahmad Hamdi al-Falaki

Mahmud Ahmad Hamdi al-Falaki (1815-19 Yuli 1885) injiniyan Masari ne, masanin lissafi kuma masanin kimiyya.  An haife shi a al-Hissa, Gharbia Governorate . ￼

Shi ne wakilin Masar a Babban Taron Kasa da Kasa na Duniya na Uku da Nuni, Venice, Italiya, 1881.   Mahmud Ahmad Hamdi al-Falaki shi ma ya tono tare da binciken Alexandria a shekarar 1866 don samar da wani shiri na tsohon garin. Daga baya an yi watsi da shirin nasa a cikin harshen Ingilishi a matsayin wanda ba shi da tabbas (yayin da masana ilimin kimiya na tarihi da na tarihi suka yi amfani da shi). Bincike na baya-bayan nan ya tabbatar da cewa shirin da Mahmud Ahmad Hamdi al-Falaki ya yi abin dogaro ne. 

## Nassoshi

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

* Crozet, Pascal. 'La trajectoire d'un scientifique égyptien au xixe siècle: Mahmûd al-Falakî (1815-1885)' A cikin: *Entre réforme sociale et mouvement na ƙasa: Identité et modernization en Égypte (1882-1962)* [online]. Le Caire: CEDEJ - Egypte/Soudan, 1995 (an ƙirƙira 29 ga Yuni 2020). Akwai akan Intanet . ISBN&nbsp; . DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/books.cedej.1420 .
* Stolz, Daniel A, *The Lighthouse and the Observatory - Islam, Science, and Empire in Late Ottoman Egypt*, Cambridge University Press. Kwanan bugu akan layi: Disamba 2017, Shekarar bugawa: 2018. Kan layi 

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Carte de l'antique Alexandrie et de ses faubourgs . Marubuci: Falaki, Maḥmūd Aḥmad Ḥamdī al- (1815-1885).
Albina Africano

**Albina Faria de Assis Pereira Africano** wanda aka fi sani da **Albina Assis** (an haife  a ranar 3 ga  watan Yuni, 1945 a Luanda, Portuguese Angola) 'yar ƙasar Angola ce kwararriya a fannin chemist ce kuma 'yar siyasa. Ta rike muƙamai da dama da suka haɗa da ministar mai da masana'antu a gwamnatin Angola, mai ba wa shugaban kasa shawara na musamman kan harkokin yankin, da kuma shugaban kwamitin gudanarwa na kamfanin Sonangol.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Albina Assis Africano a ranar 3 ga watan Yunin 1945 a Luanda, a wancan lokaci babban birnin kasar Angola ta Portugal. Africano ta kammala karatu daga masana'antar Instituto a Luanda a cikin shekarar 1967. 

A cikin shekarar 1972, shekaru uku kafin Angola ta sami 'yancin kai a shekara ta 1975, Africano ta fara karatu a Luanda. Ta sami digiri na farko na BA a Chemistry a Jami'ar Agostinho Neto a shekara ta 1982. Ta kware a cikin ilimin kimiyyar samar da mai, gami da karatu ko horarwa a Antwerp (1984), Cibiyar Kimiyyar Mai ta Lindsey a Faransa (1987), da Kwalejin Ilimin Man Fetur da Makamashi a Oxford (1989) a Burtaniya.

## Aiki
Baya ga karatun ta, Africano ta yi aiki a matsayin malama (1968-1975). Bayan samun 'yancin kai a shekara ta 1975, ta zama darektar nazarin sinadarai na Angola a ɗakin gwaje-gwaje na nazarin sinadarai, inda ta kasance har zuwa shekara ta 1983. 

Daga nan sai Africano ta shiga Fina Petroleum, Angola Refinery (Fina-Angola), inda ta yi aiki na tsawon shekaru biyu a matsayin masaniyar kimiyyar sinadarai kafin a kara mata girma zuwa mataimakiyar Darakta a Sashen Matatar Fina a Angola (1985-1991). Daga shekarun 1991 zuwa Disamba 1992 Agusta ta kasance shugabar hukumar kula da mai na jihar, Sonangol. A cikin shekarar 1992 Angola ta gudanar da zaɓen jam'iyyu da yawa na farko, kuma Africano ta shiga gwamnati, inda ta jagoranci kasuwancin mai har zuwa shekara ta 1999.
  

Ta kasance memba na dogon lokaci a MPLA (Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola). Ta yi aiki a gwamnati a matsayin ministar man fetur kuma ministar masana'antu, kafin ta zama mai baiwa shugaban ƙasa shawara ta musamman kan harkokin yanki.  

Ta yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan Janar na Pavilion Angola a shekarar 2015 World Expo a Milan,   kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin Shugabar Kwamitin Gudanarwa na Kwalejin Kwamishina Janar na Expo Milan 2015.    Ita ce kuma shugabar bankin abinci na Angola.

## Kyauta
A cikin shekarar 2015 Albina Africano ta sami Prémio Feminina - kyauta ga mata masu magana da Portuguese na babban nasara. Matriz Portuguesa ne ya ba da kyautar. 

## Manazarta
Idris Assani

**Idris Assani** masani ne ɗan kasar Benin, wanda yake aiki a matsayin farfesa a fannin lissafi a jami'ar North Carolina da ke Chapel Hill.

Ko da yake an haife shi a Nijar, Assani ɗan ƙasar Benin ne.  Ya yi karatu a Faransa, inda ya sami digiri na farko a fannin kasuwanci daga Jami'ar Paris Dauphine a shekara ta alif 1981, digiri na uku a fannin lissafi daga Jami'ar Pierre da Marie Curie a shekara ta alif 1981, kuma likitan kimiyya daga Jami'ar Pierre da Marie Curie a shekarar alif 1986. karkashin kulawar Antoine Brunel.  Ya shiga sashen lissafi na UNC a shekarar alif 1988, amma, bisa zargin wariyar launin fata, an ki amincewa da shi. Ya ɗaukaka kara a kotuna, ya ci nasara a shari’arsa kuma ya samu muƙamin a shekarar 1995, sannan aka kara masa girma zuwa cikakken farfesa bayan shekara guda. A yin haka ya zama Bakar fata na farko da ya zama abokin farfesa na ilimin lissafi kuma Bakar fata na farko cikakken farfesa na lissafi a UNC, haka kuma shi kaɗai ne masanin lissafi a can da aka inganta daga aboki zuwa cikakke da sauri. 

Binciken Assani ya shafi ka'idar ergodic. Shi ne mawallafin littafin binciken *Wiener Wintner Ergodic Theorems* (Kimiyyar Duniya, 2003),  game da ilimin lissafi da ke da alaƙa da ka'idar Wiener-Wintner, kuma shi ne editan ɗimbin takardu da aka tattara. Ya ba da gudummawa da yawa a fannin matsakaicin ergodic marasa al'ada da kuma ka'idar lokutan dawowa. Wasu daga cikin abubuwan da ke ba da gudummawar bincikensa sun haɗa da daidaita madaidaicin matsakaici tare da cubes,  kasancewa "sakamako na farko da aka samu a cikin ka'idar matsakaicin ergodic mara kyau",  da kuma gabatarwar Wiener-Wintner Dynamical. Tsarin  da,  wanda shine nau'i na tsarin mai ƙarfi inda mutum zai iya samun sauƙaƙan hujjoji na sakamako mai ma'ana a cikin mafi yawan saiti (tare da hujjoji masu wahala), kamar J.  Bourgain's theorem na maimaitawa sau biyu da kuma lokutan dawowa.

A cikin shekarar 2012, an naɗa Assani a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Fellow na farko na Ƙungiyar Lissafi ta Amirka. 

## Manazarta
Pascal Fantodji

**Pascal Fantodji** (ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Afrilu 2010  ) farfesa ne ɗan kasar Benin kuma wanda ya kafa Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Benin (PCB).  A zaɓen shugaban ƙasar Benin na shekarar 1996, Fantodji ya samu kashi 1.08 na kuri'un da aka kaɗa (ya kasa tsallakewa zuwa zagaye na biyu). 

## Manazarta
Brigitte Affidehome Tonon

**Brigitte Affidehome Tonon** wata mai bincike ce ta Beninois, marubuciya kuma tsohuwar 'yar wasan ƙwallon kwando kuma babbar mai horar da ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta Maza ta ƙasar Benin. Bayan da ta horar da Benin a gasar cin kofin FIBA AfroBasket na yanki na shekara ta 2017, Tonon ta zama mace ta farko a Afirka da ta jagoranci kungiyar kwallon kwando ta maza.team. 

## Fage
An haifi Tonon ga Pierre Coffi Tonon, wanda tun daga shekarar 2017 shi ne Sakatare-Janar na Tarayyar Beninoise de basketball (FBBB)
 

Tana da digiri na uku a fannin ilimin halittar jiki daga Jami'ar Abomey-Calavi (UAC) 

## Sana'a
A cikin shekarar 2017, Tonon ta zama mai horar da 'yan wasan kwallon kwando na kasar Benin a shekarar 2017 kuma ta kasance mai kula da kungiyar a lokacin gasar cancantar shiga gasar FIBA Afrobasket na shekarar 2017 a Cotonou inda ta horar da kungiyar a wasan da ta ci 69-61 a kan Burkina Faso.  Tonon tana aiki a Cibiyar Wasanni ta Benin a Porto Novo a matsayin Koci, Mai Koyarwa. 

A matsayin mai riƙe da PhD a cikin ilimin motsa jiki na motsa jiki, Tonon marubuciya ce da aka buga akan wannan batu. 

## Manazarta
Syed Hasan (marubuci)

**Syed Hasan** (1 Janairu 1908  18 Nuwamba 1988) marubuci ɗan Indiya ne, masani kuma farfesa na harshen Farisa da adabi daga Patna, Bihar. Ya kasance babban malami "ya shiga Farisa". Ya jagoranci Sashen Farisa na Jami'ar Patna daga 1972 zuwa 1978. A tsakanin shekara ta 1954 da 1955, an ba shi tallafin karatu a ƙarƙashin Gwamnatin Indiya, Tsarin Karatun Harsuna na Waje don Karatu a ƙasar Iran.

## Labarai

## Manazarta
Zul Kifli Salami

**Zul Kifl Salami** ɗan siyasa ne daga kasar Benin. Ya yi minista a gwamnatin PRPB. Yana da digirin digirgir a fannin tattalin arziki. 

An zaɓe shi a matsayin Babban Darakta na Bankin Ci gaban Musulunci a shekara ta 2003 a kan wa'adin shekaru uku, yana da alhakin: Algeria, Benin, Mozambique, Syria, Palestine da Yemen.  

A ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairu, 2005 an naɗa shi Ministan Ƙasa mai kula da Tsare-tsare da Ci gaba a cikin sabuwar majalisar ministocin Mathieu Kérékou.  Ya rike muƙamin har zuwa watan Afrilu 2006. 

Salami ya tsaya a matsayin ɗan takara mai zaman kansa a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na shekarar 2006. Ya samu kuri'u 8,538 (0.28%). 

Shi ne shugaban *Banque Islamique du Bénin*.

## Manazarta
Abdoulaye Bio Tchane

**Abdoulaye Bio Tchane** (an haife shi a watan Nuwamba 1952) masanin tattalin arziki ne kuma ɗan siyasa ɗan ƙasar Benin.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haife shi a Djougou, Bio Tchane ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Dijon da kuma aikin banki daga *Cibiyar Ouest-Africain de Formation et d'Etudes Bancaires* a Dakar. 

## Sana'a
Bio Tchane ya fara aikinsa ne a babban bankin ƙasashen yammacin Afirka, inda ya  sake zama darakta na sashen binciken tattalin arziki da kuɗi. Ya yi aiki a matsayin ministan kuɗi  a ƙarƙashin Mathieu Kérékou daga shekarun 1998 zuwa 2002. Bio Tchane ya jagoranci Sashen Afirka na Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya daga shekarun 2002 zuwa 2007, kuma ya kasance shugaban bankin raya yammacin Afirka daga shekarun 2008 zuwa 2010. 

A matsayin sa na ɗan takara a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na shekarar 2011, Bio Tchane an ɗauke shi ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda aka fi so,  amma ya kasance a na uku. Bayan shekaru biyar, ya samu kashi 8.9 na kuri'un da aka kaɗa a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na shekarar 2016.  A zagaye na biyu na jefa kuri'a Bio Tchane ya goyi bayan Patrice Talon, kuma bayan nasarar Talon Bio Tchane an naɗa shi a Gwamnatin a matsayin ƙaramin ministan tsare-tsare da ci gaba a ranar 6 ga watan Afrilu 2016.  

## Sauran ayyukan ju

* Bankin Raya Afirka (AfDB), tsohon memba na kwamitin gwamnoni (tun 2016) 
* Bankin Raya Musulunci, Tsohon Mamba a Kwamitin Gwamnoni (tun 2016) 
* Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), Rukunin Bankin Duniya, Tsohon Wakilin Hukumar Gwamnoni (tun 2016) 
* Bankin Duniya, Tsohon Jami'in Hukumar Gwamnoni (tun 2016) 

## Manazarta
Bärbel Koribalski

**Dokta Bärbel Silvia Koribalski** masanin kimiyyar bincike ne da ke aiki akan samuwar galaxy a CSIRO's Australia Telescope National Facility (ATNF),wani ɓangare na CSIRO's Astronomy & Space Science (CASS). Ta sami digiri na uku a Jami'ar Bonn a Jamus kuma an santa da karatun taurarin da ke kusa.A cikin 2011 ta sami lambar yabo ta CSIRO ta Newton Turner. Ita kuma shugabar ayyuka na ASKAP HI All-Sky Survey, wanda aka fi sani da WALLABY.
 

## Manazarta