Thomas Forester

**Thomas H. Forester** (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga Disamba, 1958)  manajan asusun haɗin gwiwa ne na Amurka. Shi kaɗai ne manajan asusun haɗin gwiwa na Amurka wanda ya daɗe yana mai da hankali kan harkokinsa na kasuwanci da ya sami riba a shekarar 2008.     Ya sami riba a kwata na uku na 2002, a lokacin koma bayan kasuwar hannayen jari na 2002  kuma shi ne na farko a cikin ajin kadarorinsa na shekara-shekara har zuwa 1 ga Nuwamba, 2004. 

Forester mai saka hannun jari ne mai daraja wanda ke yanke shawara bisa ga muhimman abubuwa kamar rabon farashi da riba .   Asusunsa yana mai da hankali kan manyan hannun jari.  Shi mai saka hannun jari ne mai adawa da juna . Kamar sauran masu saka hannun jari masu daraja, shi mai saka hannun jari ne mai yawan jari fiye da ɗan kasuwa na ɗan gajeren lokaci.  Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman rabon kuɗi ga Forest shine rabon farashin gidaje da kuɗin shiga, wanda ya taimaka masa ya hango gyara kasuwar gidaje ta Amurka .  Asusunsa yawanci bai yi kyau ba a lokacin taruwar kasuwa. 

Saboda salon saka hannun jari na Forester na siyan hannun jari masu ƙarancin farashi da kuma kyakkyawan damar samun riba, an kwatanta shi da Warren Buffett .  Forester ya yi ambaton Buffett a wasu lokutan kamar a cikin *Barron's* lokacin da ya ce: "Lokacin da The Tide Goes ya fito ne za ku gano wanda ke yin iyo ba tare da kayan wanka ba. Ni na yi nawa."  Forester ya riƙe tsohon ma'aikacinsa Sir John Templeton a matsayin abin koyi. Ya saka hannun jari bisa ga falsafar cewa "Ina siyan hannun jari marasa daraja, kuma idan babu, zan je neman kuɗi." 

Duk da cewa asusunsa a wani lokaci yana da kadarori na dala miliyan 250 a ƙarƙashin kulawarsa, zuwa 2018, amma ya ragu zuwa dala miliyan 40.  Asusun ya yi asarar a 2012, 2015, 2016, da 2017, kuma bai taɓa wuce kashi 10% na ribar da ya samu ba bayan 2010.  A halin yanzu yana da kadarori na dala miliyan 3. 

## Rayuwar farko da aiki
Forester ya girma a Illinois .  A can ya halarci Makarantar Gudanarwa ta Kellogg a Jami'ar Northwestern inda ya sami digirin MBA .  Har zuwa shekarun 1970 kuma yayin da yake kwaleji, Forester ya taimaka wa mahaifinsa wajen sarrafa fayil ɗin saka hannun jari.  Ya fara aikinsa a matsayin manajan kuɗi a 1992 yana taimakawa wajen gudanar da asusun dala miliyan 50 ga Sir John Templeton . Daga baya ya yi aiki a Wells Fargo a Minneapolis, Minnesota da Scudder Investments a birnin New York. A 1998, ya rasa kuɗi a cikin lamunin subprime . 

## Asusun Darajar Gandun Daji
A shekarar 1999, Forester ya yi amfani da dala 100,000 na kudinsa don kafa Forester Value, wani babban asusun ajiyar kuɗi.   Duk da cewa yana da kuɗi a lokacin da ake sayar da dot-com, wanda ya zama riba na ɗan lokaci, ya biyo bayan S&amp;amp;P 500 da kashi 28% a shekarar 2003.

### Aiki kafin 2008
A cikin kwata na uku na shekarar 2002, asusunsa yana ɗaya daga cikin biyu daga cikin 6,000 da suka sami riba, suka dawo da kashi 5.2%, amma suka tafi kashi 100% na kuɗi kafin ƙarshen kwata. 

Tsakanin 2001 da 2008, asusun ya kasance cikin manyan kashi 20% na ƙungiyar takwarorinsa sau uku, kuma a ƙasa da kashi 10% sau huɗu. Tsakanin 2005 da 2008, asusun ya kusan karyewa. 

A shekara ta 2004, asusun ya fuskanci ce-ce-ku-ce lokacin da Morningstar, Inc. ta yi ƙoƙarin sake rarraba shi zuwa rukunin asusun raba kuɗi na masu ra'ayin mazan jiya. Manajan asusun haɗin gwiwa, ciki har da Forester, sun yi imanin cewa asusun yana cikin wani rukuni kamar babban asusun ƙimar kuɗi, wanda shine yadda Lipper ya sanya shi a cikin rukuni. Value Line ta rarraba shi a matsayin asusun samun kuɗi a lokacin. Matakin ya sa asusun ya fara aiki a rukuninsa a shekara ta 2004. Wannan ce-ce-ku-cen ya haifar da koke-koke ga Morningstar, Inc. da Hukumar Tsaro da Musayar Hannun Jari ta Amurka . 

Matarsa, Kaye, ta daɗe tana ƙarfafa shi ya rufe kasuwancinsa. A watan Oktoban 2007, sun amince cewa zai rufe kasuwancin idan bai doke S&P 500 da kashi 10% ba a watan Maris. Duk da cewa ya fi S&P 500 da kashi 9.5% kawai, matarsa ta yarda ta bar shi ya ci gaba da kasuwancin. Bayan asusunsa ya kasance a sahun farko na ribar shekara-shekara a lokacin bazara, ya saka kashi 30% a cikin kuɗi.

### Aikin 2008
Har zuwa shekarar 2008, asusun ya sami jimillar ribar shekaru biyar na kashi 25%. 

A cikin shekaru 10 na farko da ya kafa asusun, shekara ɗaya kacal ya rage - a shekarar 2007. 

A shekarar 2008, akwai asusun ajiyar hannun jari na Amurka guda 8,200 daban-daban, kuma sun sami matsakaicin riba mai kashi 39%.  1,700 daga cikin waɗannan asusun sun kasance sama da shekaru uku kuma suna da kadarorin akalla dala miliyan 50.  Asusun Darajar Forester's Forester (FVALX), wanda aka kimanta shi da tauraro biyar na Morningstar,  ya sami kashi .4% a shekarar 2008 duk da cewa shekara guda ya ragu da S&amp;amp;P 500 da kashi 30%.  Asusun, wanda ya karu da kashi 7% har zuwa ranar 30 ga Yuni ta hanyar guje wa matsalar gidaje ta Amurka da rikicin jinginar gida na Subprime, ya ragu da kashi 4.3% a shekarar zuwa 15 ga Disamba da kuma kashi 0.82% a shekarar a ranar ƙarshe ta ciniki.   Morningstar ta bi diddigin jimillar asusun haɗin gwiwa guda 9,918 waɗanda suka kai matsakaicin asarar kashi 39.1% a shekarar 2008.  Yawancin nasarar Forester ta samo asali ne daga manyan mukamai na kuɗi.  Duk da haka, ya kuma amfana daga ciniki da yawa a kan lokaci a ɓangaren banki, kula da lafiya.   Asusunsa ya riƙe mukamai a hannun jari masu hana zagayowar yanayi waɗanda ke aiki da kyau a lokacin koma bayan tattalin arziki . Ya kuma riƙe manyan mukamai na kuɗi a lokacin kumfa na dot-com .  A shekarar 2008, ya amfana daga saka hannun jari a Walmart da Anheuser-Busch . 

Forester ya yarda cewa saboda asusunsa ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da sauran takwarorinsa, yana iya shiga da fita daga mukamai cikin sauri fiye da sauran kuma ribar da yake samu da ta yi ƙasa sosai idan yana gudanar da babban fayil.  Duk da haka, ya ce nasarar da ya samu wajen doke kasuwa ta fi alaƙa da kimanta kasuwar kuɗinsa fiye da girman asusunsa.  Kadarorin da ke ƙarƙashin gudanarwa sun ƙaru ninki biyar a cikin 2008. 

#### Hankalin kafofin watsa labarai saboda aikin 2008
A lokacin da kuma bayan nasarar da ya samu a kasuwarsa ta 2008, Forester, wanda ke gudanar da asusunsa daga Libertyville,  ya zama shahararre. Ya fara fitowa a talabijin a watan Disamba, kuma jaridu daga wurare masu nisa kamar *El Mercurio* na Chile sun nemi a yi masa tambayoyi. 

### Rashin aikin yi a shekarar 2009 da kuma bayan haka
A shekarar 2009, asusun yana cikin rukunin farko na ƙungiyar takwarorinsa.  Ya ci gaba da taka tsantsan a shekarar 2009, yana saka hannun jari a Microsoft . 

A shekarar 2009, matsakaicin asusun na shekaru uku da shekaru biyar ya fi kasuwa da kashi 9% da 7.5%. 

Yana da kusan kashi 16% zuwa 17% na kuɗi a watan Maris na 2010 kuma ya yi taka-tsantsan sosai. 

A watan Yunin 2010, yana ƙara yawan kuɗinsa. A wancan lokacin, asusunsa yana da kadarori da suka kai dala miliyan 104 a ƙarƙashin kulawarsa .  Zuwa ƙarshen 2010, yana da kashi 45% na kuɗi. 

A watan Agusta na 2011, ya sake canza kadarori zuwa kuɗi. 

A watan Afrilun 2012, ya yi imani da ƙarya cewa hauhawar kasuwar hannayen jari ta kusa kusa da ƙarshe fiye da farkon. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Forester ya koma Libertyville, Illinois, wani yanki na arewacin Chicago, a shekarar 1998 lokacin da ya sayi gida a garin. Ya kasance amintaccen Gundumar Laburare ta Cook Memorial. A shekarar 2004, ya yi ƙoƙarin tsayawa takara a cikin wakilan jam'iyyar Republican na shugaban Amurka George W. Bush . Duk da haka, saboda rashin isassun sa hannu a kan ƙarar da aka shigar, an cire su daga zaɓen. Bai yi nasara ba a zaɓensa na Hukumar Gundumar Laburare ta Cook Memorial a lokacin zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na 2005.

Yana auren Kaye Forrester, wanda yake renon yara biyu da shi.  Yana aiki daga gida. 

## Manazarta