Yankin tsaunuka na Kudancin Sweden

**Tsaunukan Yaren mutanen Kudancin Sweden** ko **Kudancin Yaren mutanen Sweden Uplands**  ( Swedish:   ) yanki ne mai tuddai wanda ya mamaye manyan sassan Götaland a kudancin Sweden . Sai dai rashin zurfin kwaruruka, yanayin yanayin yana kama da yankin Norrland da aka samu a arewa a Sweden.  Yankunan tsakiyar gabas na tsaunukan tsaunuka suna ɗauke da ƴan ƴan ƴan ɗimbin ƙuƙuman ruwa kusan talatin da ake kira *skurus* . 

Yawancin tsaunuka suna sama da 200 m.a.s.l. kuma akwai manyan yankuna a kusa da tsaunuka da suka wuce 100 m.a's.l . Matsayi mafi girma ya kasance 377 m.a.s.l.

## Tarihi
Tsaunukan Kudancin Sweden suna da yawan jama'a tun zamanin Nordic Stone Age kamar yadda binciken cist ya tabbatar.  A lokacin Zamanin Bronze na Nordic (  BC) an sami gagarumin fadada aikin noma a cikin tsaunuka. Ƙasar da aka yi a kan glacial har sai da aka share, tare da duwatsun da aka tara a cikin cairns.   Sauran lokuta na fadada aikin noma sune zamanin Ƙarfin Roman da Babban Tsakanin Tsakiya (c. karni na 13). 

Yanayin ƙasa mara kyau ya haifar da matsaloli masu yawa ga aikin gona a cikin tsaunuka, ma'ana cewa a tsawon lokaci ƙananan masana'antu sun zama da mahimmanci a cikin tattalin arzikin yankin. Yawancin filayen da aka watsar yanzu an rufe su da gandun daji. Ana iya gane ragowar filayen da aka watsar ta hanyar tsaunuka ta hanyar halayen duwatsu da aka yi lokacin da aka share wuraren don noma.

## Yanayi da abubuwan da suka faru
Yanayin yammacin sassan tsaunuka ya fi na gabas danshi. Wannan ya faru ne saboda hazo na orographic sakamakon iskar kudu maso yammacin da ke tilasta damshin iska a kan tsaunuka.  Tafkin Sommen a arewa maso gabas na tsaunukan tsaunuka yana da ƙarancin zafi da ƙarancin hazo.  Ljungby a kudu maso yamma na tsaunukan tsaunuka yana riƙe da rikodin hazo na kowane wata na Småland tare da 347 mm a cikin Agusta 1945.  Tsaunukan Kudancin Sweden suna da bayanan sanyi da zafi mafi zafi a Götaland .  Rikodin sanyi shine -38.5&nbsp;°C akan 16 Janairu 1918 a Lommaryd,  yayin da rikodin zafi shine 38.&nbsp;°C a ranar 29 ga Yuni 1947 a Målilla . 

Yanayin zafi a kan Tomtabacken, ya fi ƙasa a duk shekara fiye da na yankin da ke kewaye.

A watan Janairu matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun a kan taron ya faɗi zuwa kusan -5 ° C, wanda yayi kama da zafin jiki a Dalsland ko Uppland, dukansu biyu suna da mahimmanci a arewa. A watan Yuli matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun kawai ya kai kusan 14 ° C, kwatankwacin Jokkmokk a kan Arctic Circle. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun na shekara-shekara yana ƙasa da 5 ° C, kwatankwacin Östersund, kilomita 750 a arewa. Kodayake dusar ƙanƙara yawanci tana faruwa daga ƙarshen Oktoba zuwa farkon Mayu, a ƙauyen Spinkabo da ke kusa an lura da dusar ƙara a ranar 30 ga Satumba 1995 (12 cm) da 14 ga Yuni 1982 (7 cm). Tun da watanni uku kawai suna da matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun wanda ya wuce 10 ° C, yanayin ya cancanci zama subarctic. Lokacin hunturu shine mafi tsawo, a cikin tsaunuka masu tsawo daga tsakiyar Nuwamba har zuwa ƙarshen Maris. Galtåsen yana da nisa daga bakin teku kuma a kan tsawo 360 m.a.s.l. matsakaicin hunturu na yanayi daga 14 ga Nuwamba har zuwa 2 ga Afrilu. Lokacin bazara yana faruwa daga 2 ga Yuni zuwa 3 ga Satumba. Yankunan kudancin Sweden ba su da guguwa fiye da kudancin da yamma gabar teku na Sweden, duk da haka guguwa har yanzu na iya zama masu lalacewa sosai. Guguwar Gudrun ta 2005 ta kasance mai karfi sosai, ta haifar da lalacewa mai yawa ga gandun daji a yankin kudu maso yammacin tsaunuka. Gudrun ya fi buga bishiyoyi, yayin da wasu bishiyoyi masu tsarin tushen da ya fi dacewa suka fi kyau. Lalacewar ta kara tsanantawa ta hanyar dasa bishiyoyi da kuma yin amfani da itace, wanda ya bar itatuwa da yawa a cikin iska. Gudrun ya kuma haifar da kashe-kashe da kuma nakasa kayan aikin sadarwa ta hanyar tsaunuka.

## Ilimin ƙasa

A cikin mahallin yanayin ƙasa, tsaunukan tsaunuka sune maganganun Kudancin Yaren mutanen Sweden Dome.  Kudancin Yaren mutanen Sweden Dome ya ragu kuma an ɗaga shi sau da yawa ta ƙungiyoyin epeirogenic yayin Phanerozoic . Kubbar tana da lokutan da ba ta da ruwa, kuma binnewa a cikin ruwa ya canza tare da lokacin hakowa da samuwar peneplains da taimako na tuddai. Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙasar Cambrian na Late Neoproterozoic shekaru shine mafi tsufa daga cikin saman. Ya rufe gefen gabas da arewa na kubba da yankin kurwar sa inda ya karye.   Taimakon tsaunuka na Sub- Mesozoic ya rufe gefen kudu da yamma na dome, wanda yayi daidai da gundumomin Halland, Blekinge da arewa maso gabashin Scania . Mafi ƙanƙanta mafi ƙayyadaddun shimfidar wuri shine Kudancin Småland peneplain wanda ya samo asali a cikin Neogene .  A daki-daki, Kudancin Yaren mutanen Sweden Dome yana da nau'i na piedmonttreppen ko matakan da zaizaye saman. Daga sama zuwa kasa matakan sune: 

* sassan da aka fashe na Sub-Cambrian peneplain
* 300 m a.s.l. peneplain[A]
* 200 m a.s.l. peneplain, wanda ke dauke da inselbergs daban-daban. [B]
* Kudancin Småland peneplain (175-125 m a.s.l.) [C]

:* 100 m a.s.l. surface wanda yake wani ɓangare na Kudancin Småland peneplain

Late Cenozoic uplift na dome yana da alaƙa da damuwa mai zurfi wanda ya ɗaga yankin a matsayin babban anticline-like lithosphere fold. Saboda haka yana kama da tsaunuka masu tasowa kamar Dutsen Scandinavia ko duwatsun Yamma da Gabashin Greenland . 

### Shekarar kankara ta ƙarshe da deglaciation
A lokacin ƙarshe na dusar ƙanƙara na Weichselian Ice Sheet tsaunuka na Kudancin Sweden wuri ne na rarrabawar kankara. Rashin sanyi na kudancin Sweden ya kasance mai jinkiri tare da raguwar raguwar kankara na kasa da 150 m / shekara. An katse koma baya sau da yawa ta hanyar ƙananan ci gaban kankara. Wadannan ci gaba sun haifar da samar da jerin tsarin moraine na ƙarshe. A lokacin deglaciation a kudancin Sweden kankara mai kankara ya fi dacewa da dumi tare da wasu ƙananan sassa suna da sanyi.

A halin yanzu tabkuna daban-daban a cikin tsaunuka na Kudancin Sweden suna dauke da nau'ikan nau'ikan crustacean waɗanda suke abubuwan tarihi hagu lokacin da Weichselian Ice Sheet ya bar yankin kimanin shekaru 12,000 da suka gabata. Tafkin Sommen ya fito fili ne saboda yana da nau'ikan nau'ikan crustacean guda uku. Wadannan nau'o'in sune *Pallasea quadrispinosa*, *Mysis affinis* da *Limnocalanus macrurus* . Duk da haka tafkin ba shi da mafi yawan kayan kwalliya da aka samo a cikin tabkuna na kudancin Sweden, *Mysis relicta* . 

## Manazarta