Shehu Musa Yar'Adua

**Shehu Musa Yar'Adua** GCON (Maris 5 ga wata, shekara ta 1943 zuwa  8 ga watan Disamba a shekara ta alif 1997) wani manjo janar ne na sojan Najeriya mai ritaya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin matemakin shugaban kasa , haka-zalika **Shugaban sojin najeriya** a matakin koli, a ƙarƙashin mulkin Janar Olusegun Obasanjo na shekarar alif 1976 - 1979, shehu musa yar'adua yakasance a mulkinsa  
Dan asalin jahar katsina mai hazaka da sanin ya kamata.

## Farkon rayuwa da ilimi
An haifi Janar Shehu Ƴar’adua, Tafidan Katsina ne a cikin birnin Katsina, yana da dangantaka ta jini da Fulani. Mahaifinsa, Musa Yar'Adua, malami ne wanda ya zama Ministan Harkokin Legas daga shekarar 1957 zuwa shekarar 1966 a lokacin Jamhuriya ta farko ta Najeriya. Mahaifinsa ya rike sarautar gargajiya ta Tafidan Katsina daga bisani aka naɗa shi **Matawallen Katsina** (mai adana baitulmali).  Kakan Yar’Adua, Mallam Umaru, shi ma yayi sarautar Matawallen Katsina, Kakarsa ta wajen uba Malama Binta yaruwar Sarkin Katsina Muhammadu Dikko ce, ƙanin sa, Umaru Yar’Adua, shima ya rike sarautar Matawallen Katsina ya kuma zama Shugaban **tarayyar Najeriya** a shekarar ta shekarar 2007. Masarautar Katsina ta nada dansa Murtala Yar'adua a matsayin Tafidan Katsina da Kaninsa Abdulazeez Yar'adua a matsayin Matawallen Katsina. 

Yar'Adua ya halarci makarantar sakandaren Katsina na sakiya a matakin karatu, sannan makarantar sakandaren Katsina (yanzu kwalejin gwamnatin Katsina) don karatun sakandare; a makarantar sakandire, yana aji tare da shugaban Najeriya Muhammadu Buhari na yanzu.  A kokarin mahaifinsa da abokin mahaifinsa, ministan tsaro Muhammadu Ribadu, Yar'Adua ya ci jarrabawar shiga Kwalejin horar da Sojojin Najeriya .  Ya ci jarabawa ne aka sa shi cikin sojoji a shekarar 1962 ya zama wani bangare na 5 na makarantar horar da sojojin Najeriya. An kara tura Yar'Adua ƙarin horo a Royal Military Academy Sandhurst a Sandhurst, Ingila.

## Aikin soja
A shekarar alif 1964, bayan da ya dawo daga Sandhurst, aka tura Yar'Adua ga rundunar sojojin Najeriya na farko a Enugu ƙarƙashin umarnin Col Adekunle Fajuyi a matsayin mukaddashin shugaba na biyu. Daga shekarar 1964 har zuwa karshen yakin basasa na Najeriya, ya rike mukamai daban-daban ciki har da kwamandan platoon a shekarar 1964, sannan daga shekarar alif 1965 zuwa shekarar 1966 na farko a Bataliya ta farko a Enugu. Ya kasance kwamandan bataliya a shekarar 1967, kuma a cikin shekarar 1968 ya zama Kwamandan Soja. A lokacin **yaƙin basasa**, ya ba da umarni ga rundunar sojojin bataliya ta 6 karkashin jagorancin Murtala Mohammed, kwamandan rukunin na biyu.  

A watan Oktoba ne na shekarar 1967, an baiwa Yar'Adua alhakin kama Onitsha  bayan wasu rashinkokarin da  rundunan sojojin Najeriya suka yi har sau biyu.  

Yar'Adua ya zama Laftana kanal a shekarar 1972. A shekarar 1975, ya kasance mai taka rawan gani a cikin juyin mulkin da akayi wa Yakubu Gowon a matsayin Shugaban Kasar Najeriya.  Bayan nasarar juyin mulkin, ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Sufuri a gwamnatin **Janar Murtala Mohammad**. Kamar yadda Ministan sufuri babban aikinsa shi ne lalata tashar jiragen ruwa ta Legas . Kafin juyin mulkin, jami’an gwamnatin da suka gabata sun ba da umarnin tan miliyan 16 na sumunti don gina shingen sojoji a cikin kasar. Kewaya, wuraren kula da tashar ba su da kyau. Tasirin hada-hadar kudade ya kara zama abin birgewa saboda gwamnatin Najeriya ta zartar da biyan kudin alakar da masu jigilar kaya ke fitarwa. Gwamnatin Mohammed ta yanke shawarar tura wasu daga cikin jigilar kayayyaki zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa na makwabta tare da gabatar da kamfanonin sarrafa siminti don sharewa da sayar da siminti da gina sabon tashar jirgin ruwa ta Can Can . 

## Shugaban Ma’aikata, Shugaban Ma’aikata
A shekarar 1976, Yar'Adua ya zama babban Shugaban Ma’aikata, Babban Shugabanci, bayan kisan Murtala Mohammed a wani juyin mulki da ya kauda Murtala. An sanya ofishin sa ya zama a matsayin mai kula da ayyukan Operation Feed the Nation, manufar noma mai dogaro da kai na sabuwar gwamnatin Obasanjo .  Operation Feed the Nation, wanda aka fi sani da OFN, wani yunƙuri ne na haɓaka samar da kayan gona a cikin gida, musammam amfanin gona kamar Shinkafa da alkama, don haɓaka wadatar albarkatun abinci da rage ƙarancin abinci. Hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su don inganta manufar sun haɗa da rarraba takaddun takin zamani da iri ga manoma,  rance ga ƙananan manoma domin ba su damar siyan kayan aiki, da kuma shirin kula da ilimi wanda Corpers ke koyawa, don koyar da manoma makiyaya yadda ake amfani da kayan aikin gona na zamani. kayan aiki. ya zuwa shekara ta 1979 manufofin basu cimma burin sa na dogaro da kai ba.  

Yar'Adua ya kuma jagoranci kokarin kwamitin kolin soja kan sake fasalin ƙananan hukumomi wanda ya kai ga gudanar da zabukan ƙananan hukumomi a shekarar 1976. Sauye-sauyen da aka samu daga ƙarama hukuma sun cire sarakunan gargajiya daga wasu batutuwan gudanar da mulki da iyakance ikonsu game da hakkin mallaka.  Gyare-gyaren sun kuma ba da izini ga ƙarama hukumar a matsayin rukuni na uku na ikon gwamnati.

## Aikin siyasa

Shugaba Babangida ya fara shirin mika mulki na siyasa ne a shekarar 1987 tare da kafa Ofishin Siyasa, kuma daga baya aka gabatar da Majalisar Zartarwa don yin niyya kan wani daftarin kundin tsarin mulki. Kodayake Yar'Adua ba memba bane a majalisar, amma kuma doka ta bama wasu tsoffin 'yan siyasa dama da suyi  ayyukan siyasa, abokan aikin sa wadanda suka wakilci jindadin siyasarsa a wurin taron kuma ya kasance mai himma wajen kafa kungiyoyin siyasa a lokacin canji,  Yar'Adua da tawagarsa sun kafa kungiyar Jama'a ta Najeriya.  Membobin sun haɗa da Babagana Kingibe, Atiku Abubakar, Bola Tinubu, Magaji Abdullahi, Ango Abdullahi, Ahmadu Rufa'i, Yahaya Kwande, Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila, Wada Abubakar, Babalola Borishade, Sabo Bakin Zuwo, Sunday Afolabi, Rabiu Musa Kwankwaso, MSBuhari Chief Gbazueagu N .Gbazueagu, Tony Anenih, Disu Oladipo, Haliru Kafur, Abubakar Koko, Sergeant Awuse, Titi Ajanaku, da Farouk Abdulazeez. Daga baya ƙungiyar ta haɗa kai da wasu ƙungiyoyi don kafa kungiyar Social Democratic Party of Nigeria. Ƙungiyar front da PSP, sun zama ƙungiyoyi biyu masu ƙarfi a cikin SDP. Koyaya, ƙungiyar 'Yar'aduwa tana da tsari sosai kuma yana iya cin nasarar yawancin zaɓaɓɓun mukamai a cikin SDP.  Lokacin gudanar da zaben gwamnoni da majalisar wakilai, SDP tana da karancin lamba akan NRC .  

A watan Janairun shekarar 1992, Yar'Adua an  daure shi a kurkuku, an daure shi saboda ya karya dokar hana wasu mutane shiga siyasa mai karfi. Ko ta yaya, an soke dokar sannan daga baya Yar'Adua ya sanar da takarar sa ta shugaban kasa. Tsarin siyasarsa na yakin neman zabe ya mamaye kasar; Yana da daraktocin kamfen na kasa, kuma kowace jiha tana da mai gudanar da kamfen dinta da kuma masu aikin yaki neman zabe. Wakilan rukunin kamfen dinsa sun hada da tsohon shugaban jam’iyyar PDP Anthony Anenih, tsohon mataimakin shugaban ƙasa Atiku Abubakar, tsohon minista Dapo Sarumi, Bola Tinubu, Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila da kuma Sunday Afolabi . Yar'Adua ne ke jagorantar  SDP kafin a soke sakamakon. Daga baya aka gudanar da sabon zaben a ranar 12 ga watan Yuni, shekarar 1993 wanda MKO Abiola ya lashe. Bayan da aka soke zaben 12 ga watan Yuni, kungiyar 'Yar'aduwa ta yi shawarwari game da batun kafa gwamnatin rikon kwarya. A watan Nuwamban shekarar 1993, aka hambarar da gwamnatin rikon-kwaryar Ernest Shonekan sannan Sani Abacha ya zama sabon Shugaban Sojan Sama. 

A shekarar 1994, Yar'Adua ya samu kujerar wakilci a Katsina zuwa sabon taron Kundin Tsarin Mulki na kasa. Ya kasance wakili ne na waje kuma a farkon shekarar, 1994 ya shirya taron siyasa a ofishin kungiyar 'Yan Jaridu ta Najeriya da ke Legas wanda ya jawo hankalin shugabannin mulkin soja wadanda suka tsare shi tsawon kwanaki hudu. 

An kama ‘Yar’Adua, Obasanjo, Lawan Gwadabe da sauransu a cikin watan Maris shekarar 1995 bisa zargin su da shirya makarkashiyar juyin mulki don kifar da gwamnatin Abacha . Kotun soja ta yanke masa hukuncin kisa a shekarar 1995, bayan da ya yi kira ga gwamnatin mulkin sojan Najeriya ta Gen. Sani Abacha da majalissar zartarwar sa ta musamman don maido da mulkin farar hula . An yanke masa hukuncin rayuwa a gidan kurkuku, amma ya mutu a ranar talata ranar 8 ga watan Disamba shekarar 1997.

## Rayuwasa da kasuwancisa
Shehu Yar'adua ya auri Hajiya Binta a shekarar 1965, kuma suna da yara biyar, cikinsu har da Murtala Yar'Aduwa, tsohon Ministan Tsaro na Najeriya.

## Arziki

Bayan ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja, ya kafa wani kamfani mai riƙe da suna Hamada Holdings. Ya kasance wani mai saka jarine  a Nijeriya reshen bankin Habib Bank . Ya kuma fara buga gidan da ake kira da Nation House Press, sannan ya buga wata gidan jarida yau da kullun wacce ake kira da suna *Reporter .* 

## Manazarta

## Karin karatu

* *Shehu Musa Yar'Adua: Rayuwa ta Sabis* (Lynne Rienner Pub., 2004).   ISBN &nbsp;  
* *Najeriya a Biyar ta Biyar: Taimakawa don samar da zaman lafiya, Dimokiradiyya & Ci gaban Kasa* (Attahiru M. Jega & Jacqueline W. Farris, 2010).   ISBN &nbsp;  
* *Babu Arewa ko Kudu, Gabas ko Yamma: Oneaya daga cikin* (an *Najeriya* (Jacqueline W. Farris wanda Mustapha Bulama ya baiyana, 2011).   ISBN &nbsp;  

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Gidauniyar Shehu Musa 'Yar'adua  

## Early life

Yar'Adua an haife shine a Katsina a cikin iyali mai suna. Mahaifinsa, Musa Yar'Adua, malami ne wanda daga baya ya zama Ministan Harkokin Legas daga shekarar alif 1957 zuwa shekarata alif 1966  a lokacin Jamhuriyar farko ta Najeriya kuma ya rike taken shugabanci Tafidan Katsina kafin a nada shi a matsayin Mutawallin Katsina (mai kula da baitulmalin).  Kakan Yar'Adua, Malam Umaru, shi ma Mutawalli ne, kuma ƙanensa Umaru Yar'Adue, wanda daga baya ya zama shugaban Najeriya daga shekarar 2007 zuwa shekarata 2010, ya kuma rike taken. 

Ya wuce kuma ya shiga cikin Sojojin Najeriya a shekarar 1962 a matsayin wani ɓangare na karatun 5 na makarantar horar da soja ta Najeriya. An zaɓi Yar'Adua don ƙarin horo a Royal Military Academy Sandhurst . Sarkin Katsina Muhammadu Kabir Usman ya sanya shi a matsayin Tafidan Katsina . 

## Political career

Janar Ibrahim Babangida ya fara shirin sauya tsarin siyasa a shekarar alif 1987 tare da kafa Ofishin Siyasa, kuma daga baya aka kaddamar da Majalisar Dokoki donyin shawarwari kan tsarin mulki da aka tsara. Kodayake Yar'Adua ba memba bane na majalisa ba kuma doka ta haramta wasu tsoffin 'yan siyasa daga ayyukan siyasa, abokansa sun wakilci ra'ayoyinsa na siyasa a taron kuma suna aiki a kafa ƙungiyoyin siyasa a lokacin canji.

A watan Janairun shekarata alif 1992, Yar'Adua ya kwashe ɗan gajeren lokaci a tsare, an ɗaure shi saboda keta dokar da ta hana wasu mutane daga siyasa. Bayan an soke zaben a ranar 12 ga watan Yuni, ƙungiyar Yar'Adua ta tattauna wani shiri don rantsar da gwamnatin wucin gadi. A watan Nuwamba na shekarata alif 1993, an kori gwamnatin wucin gadi ta Ernest Shonekan kuma Sani Abacha ya zama sabon shugaban kasa na soja, ya rushe jam'iyyun siyasa.  

A shekarata alif 1994, Yar'Adua ya lashe kujerar da ke wakiltar Katsina zuwa sabon Taron Tsarin Mulki na Kasa. Ya kasance wakilin da ya yi magana kuma a farkon shekarar alif 1994 ya shirya taron siyasa a ofishin 'yan Jarida Na Najeriya a Legas wanda ya sami hankalin jagorancin soja wanda ya tsare shi na kwanaki hudu.  

## Personal life

A shekara ta alif 1965, Shehu Yar'adua ya auri Hajia Binta kuma suna da 'ya'ya biyar, ciki har da Murtala Yar'Adua, tsohon mataimakin ministan tsaro na Najeriya.

Bayan yayi ritaya daga aikin soja, Yar'Adua ya kafa kamfani mai riƙewa da ake kira Hamada Holdings tare da sha'awar kasuwanci da yawa acikin jigilar kaya, banki, bugawa wanda ya bashi damar tara dukiya mai zaman kanta.  

## Arrest and death

A watan Maris na shekarar alif 1995, an kama Janar Yar'Adua tare da Olusegun Obasanjo, Lawan Gwadabe da sauransu kan zargin da akeyi na shirya juyin mulki don hambarar da gwamnatin Janar Sani Abacha. Kotun soja ta yanke masa hukuncin kisa a shekarar alif 1995, bayan ya yi kira ga gwamnatin soja ta Najeriya ta Janar Sani Abacha da kwamitin mulkinsa na wucin gadi dasu sake kafa mulkin farar hula. An sauya hukuncin zuwa rai da rai a kurkuku amma ya mutu a tsare a ranar 8 ga watan Disamba shekarata alif 1997.