Zaben Shugabancin Najeriya 2023

An gudanar da **zaɓen shugaban ƙasa a Najeriya na shekarar 2023** a ranar 25 ga Fabrairun shekarar 2023 domin zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da mataimakin shugaban Najeriya. Bola Tinubu — tsohon gwamnan jihar Legas kuma ɗan takarar jam’iyyar APC, ya lashe zaben da kashi 36.61% na kuri’u 8,794,726. Wanda kuma yazo na biyu shine tsohon mataimakin shugaban ƙasa, Atiku Abubakar dan takarar jam'iyyar  PDP, da kuma tsohon gwamnan Jihar Anambra, Peter Obi na Jam'iyyar LP. A ranar 1 ga watan Maris aka sanar da sakamakon karshe na kasa amma nan take Atiku da Obi suka kalubalanta sakamakon zaben. Sauran zabukan tarayya, sun hada da zabukan ƴan majalisar wakilai da na majalisar dattawa, da aka gudanar a rana daya. Yayin da za a gudanar da zaben jihohi makonni biyu bayan zaben shugaban kasa, wanda hukumar zabe ta sa ranar 11 ga watan Maris. An saita bikin ƙaddamar da ranar 29 ga Mayu 2023. Sai dai daga baya hukumar zabe ta dage gabatar da zaben da mako daya saboda wasu dalilai, ta bayyana dalilan da cewa tanason tayi wasu gyare-gyaren N'urorin aikin zaben.

An gabatar da ƴan takarar a zaben fidda gwanin jam'iyyaun siyasa, wanda aka gudanar tsakanin 4 ga watan Afrilu zuwa 9 ga watan Yuni shekarar 2022. Shugaban kasa na jam’iyyar **APC** mai ci Muhammadu Buhari ya kare wa’adin mulkinsa a karo na biyu, kuma ba zai iya sake tsayawa takara a karo na uku ba. Jam'iyyar **NNPP** ta tsayar da tsohon gwamnan Kano Kwankwaso, sai Jam'iyyar **LP** ta tsaida Peter Obi. Yan makonni bayan zaben fidda gwani, kowane dan takara ya sanar da abokin takararsa, wato mataimakin shugaban kasa inda Atiku ya zabi Gwamnan jihar Delta Ifeanyi Okowa. 
Peter Obi ya zaba sanata Yusuf Datti Baba-Ahmed, yayin da Tinubu ya zaba tsohon gwamnan jihar Borno Kashim Shettima, Kwankwaso kuma ya zaba pasto Isaac Idahosa.  

An lura da babban zaɓen da aka yi hasashe tun farko da yawan fitowar jama’a da kuma gudanar da zaɓe cikin lumana amma ya fuskanci rahotannin sayen kuri’u, tsoratar da masu jefa kuri’a, da hare-haren da aka kai kan rumfunan zabe a wasu wurare musamman kudacin Najeriya, da jami’an zaben da ba su dace ba, tare da zargin magudi; don haɗa al'amura tare da amincewa da zaɓen, jami'an Hukumar Zaɓe mai zaman kanta sun kasa shigar da sakamakon rumfunan zabe zuwa tashar kallon sakamakon INEC kamar yadda aka tabbatar a baya za ta faru a ranar zaɓe. Yayin da aka fara bayyana sakamakon jahohi a ranar 26 ga watan Fabrairu a cibiyar tattara sakamakon zabe ta kasa da ke Abuja, ƴan adawa sun fara fitowa suna korafe-korafe saboda har yanzu ba'a cika bayanan sakamakon zaben ba kafin bayyana su kamar yadda doka ta tanada. Waɗannan yanayi tare da maganganun sukar INEC daga masu sa ido da kungiyoyin farar hula sun sa manyan yan takara guda 3 Atiku, Obi, da Kwankwaso suka yi watsi da sakamakon zaben da aka sanar a ranar 28 ga watan Fabrairu. Dukkan manyan yan takarar  guda uku, baya ga wasu ƙungiyoyin fararen hula da tsohon shugaban kasa Olusegun Obasanjo, sun yi kira ga hukumar da ta sake gudanar da zaben saboda zargin magudi da tashin hankali da aka gani a yayin da jama'a suke kada kuri'unsu. A yayin da su kuma bangaren masu goyon bayan Tinubu suka yabawa hukumar zabe tare da yin kira da a kamo masu magana da yawun jam’iyyar PDP saboda tada zaune tsaye. Da sanyin safiyar ranar 1 ga watan Maris ne shugaban **INEC** Farfesa Mahmood Yakubu ya ayyana Tinubu a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben bayan da aka gama tattara dukkan sakamakon zaben jihohi 36 da ke fadin Najeriya.  A martanin da Atiku, Obi, da Kwankwaso suka yi, sun sha alwashin ƙalubalantar sakamakon zaben a gaban kotu don kwato musu hakkin su.

## Tsarin Zaɓe
An zaɓi Shugaban Najeriya ta hanyar amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara tare da zagaye uku. Don a zaɓe shi a zagaye na farko, dole ne ɗan takara ya sami yawan ƙuri'un ƙasa da sama da kashi 25% na ƙuri'un a aƙalla 24 na jihohi 36 da kuma babban birnin tarayya. Idan babu wani dan takara da ya tsallake wannan matakin, za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da wanda ya lashe jihohi mafi girma na biyu.  Domin samun nasara a zagaye na biyu, dole ne dan takara ya samu mafi yawan kuri’u a faɗin kasar kuma sama da kashi 25% na kuri’un da aka kada a akalla 24 daga cikin jihohi 36 da kuma babban birnin tarayya.  Idan babu wani dan takara da ya tsallake wannan matakin, za a gudanar da zagaye na uku inda ake bukatar a zabi mafi rinjayen kuri'un kasar.

## Zaɓen fitar da gwani

### Jam'iyyar APC

Jam'iyyar APC ce take riƙe da ragamar shugabancin ƙasar tun daga shekarar 2015 a babban zaɓen da gamayyar jam'iyyun ƙasar suka haɗe waje ɗaya suka samar da jam'iyyar APC. Shugaban Muhammadu Buhari na jam'iyyar APC ya sake yin nasara a zaɓen shugaban ƙasar wanda ya gabata a shekarar 2015.

Jam'iyyar APC ta ƙaddamar da shirin karɓa-karɓa wanda zai bada damar idan ɗan yankin Arewacin Najeriya yayi mulki na tsawon shekaru takwas ya sauka ya bawa na yankin Kudancin ƙasar. Tsarin da ya kawo cece kuce a tsakanin ƴaƴan jam'iyyar wanda daga ƙarshe dai ya samar da Bila Tinubu a matsayin wanda zai yi ma jam'iyyar takara a zaɓen fitar da gwani.

Yadda zaɓen fitar da gwani ya kasance

### Jam'iyyar PDP

Jam'iyyar PDP ta zaɓi Alhaji Atiku Abubakar a matsayin wanda zai yi mata takara a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2023.
Atiku shine wanda yayi ma jam'iyyar takara a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2019. Atiku yayi nasarar zama ɗan takarar jami'yar PDP a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2023 bayan samun nasara bisa abokan takarar fitar da gwani na neman jam'iyyar PDP ta tsayar da su.

### Sauran Jam'iyyu
Akwai Sauran Jam'iyyun siyayya da suma suka fitar da ƴan takarar shugaban ƙasa. Ana kallon waɗannan jam'iyyu a matsayin ƙananan jam'iyyu.

## Sakamako
Ahmad Bola Tinubu na jam'iyyar APC ne ya lashe zaɓen kamar yadda sakamakon zaɓen ya nuna a teburin dake kasa.

## Manazarta