Irena Creed

**Irena Creed** masanin ilimin ruwa ne na Kanada. Ita farfesa ce a Sashen Kimiyya na Jiki da Muhalli a Jami'ar Toronto Scarborough a Toronto, Kanada, kuma ta kasance Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar don Bincike da Innovation, Mataimakin Mataimakin Shugaba na Bincike a Jami'iyyar Saskatchewan, da kuma Babban Darakta na Makarantar Muhalli da Ci gaba [1] a Saskatoon, Kanada. Creed yana nazarin tasirin Canjin yanayi na duniya akan ayyuka muhalli da ayyuka, sau da yawa yana mai da hankali kan ilimin ruwa na wuraren da ke da ruwa mai laushi da wuraren da ke cikin ruwa

## Ilimi
Creed ta yi karatun digiri da digiri a Jami'ar Toronto . Ta kammala karatu tare da girmamawa tare da digiri na farko na Kimiyya a cikin Zoology tare da ƙarami a Botany . Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da neman Jagoran Kimiyya a cikin Botany da Kimiyya ta muhalli, da kuma Doctorate na Falsafa a cikin Geography . Daga nan sai Creed ta zama abokiyar karatun digiri a Jami'ar Alberta, inda ta yi nazarin dabarun kula da gandun daji da tasirin su a kan yanayin halittu da ke kewaye.

## Ayyuka da bincike
Daga 1998 zuwa 2017, Creed ya kasance farfesa a Jami'ar Yamma da ke Landan, Kanada a cikin sassan Biology da Geography. Daga 2007 zuwa 2017, Creed ya gudanar da Cibiyar Bincike ta Kanada a Kimiyya ta Ruwa a Jami'ar Yamma. Daga 2008 zuwa 2009, ta yi aiki a matsayin mukaddashin Darakta na Cibiyar Muhalli da Ci gaba ta Jami'ar Yamma. Daga 2013 zuwa 2017, ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Bincike a sashen Biology na Jami'ar Yamma. Daga 2014 zuwa 2017, ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Cibiyar Afirka a Jami'ar Yamma, wanda ta kasance Fellow mai kafawa.

A cikin 2017, Creed ya zama farfesa a Makarantar Muhalli da Ci gaba da Ci gaba ta Jami'ar Saskatchewan da Babban Darakta na Makarantar.  A cikin 2019, ta zama Mataimakin Mataimakin Shugaban Bincike a Jami'ar Saskatchewan kafin ta dauki matsayin Mataimakin Babban Jami'ar Bincike da Innovation a Jami'an Toronto Scarborough a cikin 2021, wanda ta rike har zuwa 2024. Creed ya kasance farfesa a Jami'ar Yamma da Jami'ar Saskatchewan kuma yana da alƙawura a Cibiyar Nazarin Ruwa, Muhalli, da Lafiya ta Jami'ar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya  da Sashen Kimiyya na Muhalli a Jami'an Egerton da ke Nakuru, Kenya.

Daga 2013 zuwa 2015, an ba Creed lambar yabo ta Farfesa Mata Sweden-umea-university-names-creed-to-visiting-post/&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;title&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Sweden's Umea University names Creed to visiting postquot;},quot;datequot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;2013quot;},quot;websitequot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;Western Newsquot;},quot;publisherquot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;Western Universityquot;},quot;access-datequot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;2024-03-01quot;}},quot;iquot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwAWw\">nbsp;. "}}" id="cite_ref-6" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Irena_Creed#cite_note-6 [1] a Umeå_University" id="mwVw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Umeå University">Jami'ar Umeå da ke Umeå, Sweden. A cikin 2019, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Doctorate a fannin kimiyyar noma  daga Jami'ar Kimiyya ta Aikin Gona ta Sweden a Uppsala, Sweden, kuma an zabe ta a matsayin Fellow ga Royal Society of Canada (RSC).  Ta kasance mai karɓar Kyautar Bancroft ta RSC a cikin 2020 don gudummawa mai ban mamaki a kimiyyar ƙasa. A cikin 2022, an zabi Creed a matsayin Fellow na Ƙungiyar Geophysical ta Amurka . Daga 2022 zuwa 2024, ta gudanar da Farfesa na Wallenberg wanda Royal Swedish Academy of Agriculture and Forestry ta bayar don gudummawa ga ganewa da inganta wuraren da ke da ruwa a matsayin mafita na yanayi.

Binciken Creed ya dogara ne akan Lafiyar Duniya, a cikin gida da kuma duniya. Musamman, Creed yana mai da hankali kan ilimin ruwa da tasirin ruwa a kan yanayin halittu da ke kewaye da su. Ayyukanta galibi ana mai da hankali kan shigar da ruwa a tattaunawar kula da gandun daji.

Creed ya yi aiki a kan kwamitocin ba da shawara da yawa na Kanada da na duniya, bangarori, wakilai da kwamitoci, gami da Tebur na Wetlands na Kanada, Gwamnatin Alberta Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Yankunan Karewa, Alberta Innovates, Hukumar hadin gwiwa ta Duniya, da Babban Taron Siyasa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Ci Gaban Ci Gaban. Ta yi aiki a matsayin memba a cikin tattaunawar Ƙungiyar Geophysical ta Amurka (AGU) a Taron Canjin Yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 2023 (COP28).  Daga 2019 zuwa 2021, Creed ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara na musamman ga Shugaban kasa kan dorewa a Jami'ar Saskatchewan inda ta taimaka wajen shirya dabarun dorewar Jami'ar,   wanda aka amince da shi a 2021.

Creed ya jagoranci ayyukan da yawa da suka shafi hadin gwiwa tare da masu bincike na Kanada da na duniya, gami da da yawa da Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya da Injiniya ta tallafawa. Daga 2010 zuwa 2015, ta jagoranci masu bincike daga Amurka da Kanada a cikin Great Lakes Futures Project,  wani yunkuri na hukumomi da yawa don yin tsinkaya game da yiwuwar raba albarkatun ruwa a cikin Great Lake basin da kuma taimakawa wajen bunkasa dabarun gudanar da albarkatun ruwan. Daga 2013 zuwa 2018, Creed ya jagoranci hadin gwiwar masu bincike na Kanada da abokan hulɗa na masana'antu da na gwamnati a cikin aikin Boreal 2050 don horar da ɗaliban digiri da haɓaka ilimi game da ayyukan yanayin halittu a cikin tsarin halittu na Boreal na Kanada. Creed kuma yana aiki tare a duniya, yana shiga cikin bangarori da wakilai da yawa na kasa da kasa da kuma rahotanni da yawa na duniya ciki har da rahoton kira na kimiyya wanda ya dogara da gudummawar da masana kimiyya sama da 50 a duniya suka bayar a kan alaƙar da ke tsakanin ruwa da gandun daji ga Kwamitin Masana'antar daji na Duniya na Ƙungiyar Binciken dazuzzuka ta Duniya  wanda aka gabatar a Taron Siyasa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 2018 kan Ci Gaban Tsayawa. Creed a halin yanzu yana jagorantar hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa na masu bincike da masana'antu da abokan hulɗa na gwamnati a cikin ayyukan da yawa da Muhalli da Canjin Yanayi na Kanada ke tallafawa don haɓaka da haɓaka ilimin wuraren da ke da ruwa a matsayin mafita na yanayi.

### Gudummawa
Creed ya rubuta ko kuma ya hada hannu da rubuce-rubuce sama da 200 da aka sake dubawa ciki har da labarai, surori na littattafai, da yawa daga cikinsu an gayyace su. Creed ya gabatar da fiye da 100 da aka gayyata, maɓallin, ko gabatarwa kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga wasu gabatarwa sama da 300 a taron Kanada da na duniya, bita, da tarurruka.

Creed ya yi nazarin tasirin ruwa na cycling na abinci mai gina jiki a cikin yanayi gandun daji. Yin amfani da hanyoyi na musamman da kididdiga, Creed da dakin gwaje-gwaje sun gano bambancin wuraren samar da abinci mai gina jiki a cikin wuraren da ke cikin ƙasa kuma inda canje-canje a cikin yanayin redox ya shafi musayar iskar gas daga da shiga cikin yanayi. Wannan bayanin a baya ba a san shi ba ga masana kimiyya, musamman cewa hadari na rani yana haifar da nitrogen don saki cikin yanayi,   yana bayanin dalilin da ya sa yawanci wuraren da ake tsammani nitrogen a cikin watanni na rani   yayin da ƙasa mai dusar ƙanƙara muhimmiyar tushen samar da nitrogen ce wanda ba a lissafa shi ko saka idanu. Creed ya raba wannan aikin tare da wasu masana kimiyya da kuma masu tsara manufofi waɗanda ke aiki a kan kula da gandun daji.

Creed ta yi tasiri sosai a Yankin Great Lakes tare da aikinta kan kula da haɗari, wanda ya haɗu da kimiyya da manufofi. Wannan aikin ya yi amfani da kayan aikin Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya (ISO) don samun kyakkyawar fahimta game da haɗarin da ke tattare da hakar albarkatun ƙasa a yankin. Creed ya yi amfani da kayan aikin ISO a wasu ayyukan don tantance haɗari a cikin dabarun kula da yanayin halittu a cikin sauyin yanayi.

Creed ya jagoranci sake dubawa guda biyu waɗanda suka saita jadawalin bincike don inganta fahimtar kimiyya game da tasirin canjin duniya a kan ruwa mai laushi, yana mai da hankali kan hanyoyin hydrological da Biogeochemical da ke sarrafa motsi daga ruwa zuwa manyan koguna, yana ba da shawarar samfurin ra'ayi wanda ke bayanin lura cewa koguna suna nuna halin zuwa ga chemostats,  da kuma nazarin tasirin Canje-canje na duniya akan ruwan tabkuna. 

Creed ya kasance daga cikin ƙungiyar masana kimiyya na duniya waɗanda suka sake nazarin fahimtar da ke akwai game da matsin lamba a kan yanayin halittu na Ruwa mai laushi a duniya a fuskar rikicin halittu na duniya, kuma sun rubuta sabbin barazanar goma sha biyu ko kara tsanantawa ga waɗannan yanayin halittu ciki har da Canjin yanayi na duniya da kuma cututtukan algae masu cutarwa a cikin wani labarin da aka ambata sosai a cikin Biological Reviews. Creed ta wallafa labarai da yawa a cikin karatunta don gano yawancin yanayin da ke ba da cyanobacteria fa'ida ta gasa akan sauran algae,   gami da yanayin zafi mafi girma, karuwar ruwa, da iyakancewar ƙarfe,  wanda ke haifar da furanni masu cutarwa a cikin tabkuna na gandun daji na arewa.

Creed ya kuma yi aiki tare da masana kimiyya na Amurka don hada bayanai don nuna muhimmancin inganta kariya ga ƙananan rafi da wuraren da ke samar da mafi yawan yanayin halittu na duniya amma sune mafi haɗari ga asarar ko lalacewa, suna nuna cewa ana buƙatar waɗannan ruwa masu rauni don kula da ayyuka yanayin halittu da ayyukan da al'umma ke dogara da su. An gabatar da bangarorin wannan gardamar a cikin jerin labaran da aka sake dubawa masu tasiri da ke roƙon masu tsara manufofi da su haɓaka dabarun gudanarwa waɗanda ke ganewa da kare waɗannan ruwan da ke da rauni.

## Bayanan da aka ambata