Jami'ar Khartoum

**Jami'ar Khartoum** (**U na K**) (Arabic) jami'a ce ta jama'a da ke Khartoom, Sudan . Ita ce babbar jami'a kuma mafi tsufa a Sudan. An kafa UofK a matsayin Kwalejin Tunawa da Gordon a 1902 kuma an kafa ta a 1956 lokacin da Sudan ta sami 'yancin kai. Tun daga wannan ranar, an amince da Jami'ar Khartoum a matsayin babbar jami'a da kuma babbar cibiyar ilimi a Sudan  da Afirka. 

Ya ƙunshi cibiyoyi da yawa, ɗakunan ilimi da cibiyoyin bincike ciki har da Cibiyar Bincike ta Mycetoma, Asibitin Jami'ar Soba, Asibityar Saad Abualila, Cibiyar Dr. Salma Dialysis, Cibiyar Nazarin Cututtuka, Cibiyar Bindindin da Inganta fitar da Dabbobi, Cibiyar nazarin Afirka da Asiya, Cibiyar Cibiyar Nazari da Bincike, Cibiyar Kula da U na K. Gidan karatu na Sudan, wani bangare na ɗakin karatu na jami'ar, yana aiki a matsayin ɗakin karatu na kasa na Sudan. Har ila yau, ana nuna shi da 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki, kuma juyin juya hali da yawa sun tashi daga gare ta don kawo karshen gwamnatocin da ba su da adalci.

## Tarihi

A shekara ta 1898 bayan Burtaniya ta sami rinjaye a Sudan a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsari na condominium, Ubangiji Kitchener ya ba da shawarar kafa kwaleji don tunawa da Gordon na Khartoum, wanda aka kashe a Siege na Khartoum . An sami buƙatar gudummawar £ 100,000 don gina kwalejin a cikin makonni shida kuma an kafa Kwalejin Gordon Memorial a 1902 tare da farko makarantu uku - makarantar masana'antu da manyan makarantun firamare guda biyu da kuma karamin cibiyar horar da malamai.

A shekara ta 1906, kwalejin tana ba da shirye-shirye don horar da mataimakan injiniyoyi, masu binciken ƙasa da malamai na makarantar firamare. An kara dakin gwaje-gwaje na farko da aka sanye shi don nazarin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin 1905, tare da gudummawa daga Sir Henry Wellcome, ɗan kasuwa na Amurka-Birtaniya da masanin ilimin kimiyyar tarihi. Har ila yau, akwai makarantar soja da ke da alaƙa.

A cikin 1924, an yanke shawarar sanya kwalejin gaba ɗaya cibiyar sakandare tare da kwalejin da ke haɗa shirye-shirye a cikin Shari'a, injiniya da binciken, ilimi (koyar da malamai), aikin malamai, lissafi da kimiyya. An cire makarantun firamare da na soja. An kuma kafa Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Kitchener, makarantar likita ta farko a Sudan, a wannan shekarar.

Kwanakin kafa ƙarin makarantu sun kasance; 1936 Makarantar Shari'a, 1938 Makarantar Aikin Gona da Kimiyya ta Dabbobi, 1939 Kimiyya da Injiniya da 1940 Arts. A shekara ta 1947, kwalejin ta kasance da alaƙa da Jami'ar London a matsayin mai shiga kasashen waje na farko a cikin shirin "dangantaka ta musamman". Masu digiri na farko da suka sami digiri na Jami'ar London sun kammala shirye-shiryen su a shekarar 1950. A shekara ta gaba, an sake sunan Kwalejin Tunawa da Gordon a hukumance Kwalejin Jami'ar Khartoum, wanda ya kafa Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Kitchener.

Lokacin da Sudan ta sami 'yancin kai a 1956, sabuwar majalisar ta zartar da lissafi don ba da matsayin jami'a ga Kwalejin Jami'ar Khartoum. Ya zama Jami'ar Khartoum a hukumance a ranar 24 ga Yuli 1956. Shahararren masanin kimiyyar lambu John Pilkington Hudson ya kasance farfesa mai ziyara a 1961-1963, wanda ya kafa sashen lambu.

A ranar 5 ga Afrilu 1984, Gwamnati ta sanar da rufe dukkan bangarorin jami'ar. An sake buɗe jami'ar gaba ɗaya a ranar 1 ga watan Agusta.

An rufe jami'ar sau da yawa bayan juyin mulkin soja na 1989 saboda sa hannun ɗalibanta a cikin tarurrukan dimokuradiyya.

A lokacin gwagwarmaya mai tsanani a kusa da babban birnin a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2023, akalla dalibi daya ya mutu kuma wasu sun ji rauni ta hanyar bindiga kuma an rufe Jami'ar na kwanaki yayin da suke neman tallafi don kwashe mutane da yawa da suka makale da kuma neman mafaka a harabar. An binne wannan ɗalibin a harabar daga baya.

## Jikin ɗalibai
Jami'ar tana da dalibai 16,800 a fannoni 23, makarantu da cibiyoyin bincike na digiri. Adadin shigarwa na shekara-shekara shine dalibai 3,500, 55% daga cikinsu mata ne. Akwai dalibai masu digiri 6,000 (diploma na digiri, M.Sc. da Ph.D.). Tana da ma'aikatan koyarwa 850 (ma'aikata), masu bincike 20 da mataimakan koyarwa 500.

## Cibiyoyin karatu

Akwai makarantun hudu:

* Cibiyar Cibiyar a Tsakiyar Khartoum.
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya da ke Arewacin Khartoum ta Tsakiya.
* Cibiyar Aikin Gona da Kula da Dabbobi a Shambat, Khartoum ta Arewa . 
* Cibiyar Ilimi a Omdurman kilomita 15 daga harabar tsakiya.&nbsp;
* Cibiyar Suba (Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Asibitin Suba) a Suba, 20 km Kudancin Khartoum.&nbsp;
* Cibiyar gudanarwa tana nazarin harabar a tsakiyar Khartoum.

## Shiga
Manufofin shigar da dalibai na farko suna karkashin jagorancin Hukumar Ilimi ta Sudan, wanda ke tsara mafi ƙarancin shigarwa ga ɗaliban makarantar sakandare bisa ga asalin ƙasarsu (Sudanese vs. wadanda ba na Sudanese ba) da kuma hukumar takardar shaidar makarantar sakandare.

Don karatun digiri, bukatun suna kan shafin yanar gizon shigar jami'a.

Dalibai na Jami'ar Khartoum suna shiga cikin bita, laccoci, muhawara, gwagwarmayar forum, kungiyoyin littattafai da jam'iyyun siyasa. Ayyukan wasanni sun haɗa da gasar zakarun wasanni na jami'a da gasar zাৰun kwalejojin Sudan.

## Tsangayu

* Faculty of Arts
* Faculty of Law
* Faculty of Science
* Faculty of Nursing Sciences
* Faculty of Medicine
* Faculty of Pharmacy
* Faculty of Dentistry
* Faculty of Engineering
* Faculty of Architecture
* Faculty of Mathematical Sciences
* School  of Management Studies
* Faculty of Economic and Social Studies
* Faculty of Education
* Faculty of Agriculture
* Faculty of Forestry
* Faculty of Animal Production
* Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
* Faculty of Geographical and Environmental Sciences
* Faculty of Technological and Developmental Studies
* Faculty of Public and Environmental Health
* Faculty of Medicine

### Tarihin Tarihi na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Yanayi da Muhalli
Sashen Ilimin Geography ne da aka kafa a 1945 a matsayin sashe a Makarantar Arts, Kwalejin Jami'ar Khartoum wacce ta zama Jami'ar Khartoum a 1956, sashin kuma ya zama sashinsa. Gudanarwa, sashe ne a cikin Faculty of Arts, amma ayyukansa na ilimi da na bincike sun ƙetare iyakokin malamai zuwa manyan jami'o'i da cibiyoyi daban-daban a cikin jami'a kamar ikon ilimin tattalin arziki, Injiniya, Gine-gine, Kimiyya, Noma, Gandun daji, Ilimi, Magunguna. da cibiyoyin Nazarin Muhalli, Nazarin Afro-Asiya, Nazarin Birane da Nazarin Ci gaba da Bincike. Sashen yana da gini mai hawa biyu. Reshen arewa ya ƙunshi ofisoshin ma'aikata goma sha shida da dakin gwaje-gwaje na GIS yayin da ɗakunan karatu da ɗakin karatu da dakin gwaje-gwajen zane-zane suke a yankin kudu. An kafa Faculty a ƙarƙashin ƙudurin Majalisar Jami'ar No.129 akan 12/12/2010 a matsayin haɓakawa na tsohuwar Sashen Geography, Faculty of Arts, wanda aka kafa a 1945, kuma yana cikin babban harabar jami'a a cikin gine-gine biyu. hadaddun. An kafa Kwalejin tare da hangen nesa na kimiyya don tinkarar manyan ci gaban kimiyya da canje-canjen da juyin juya halin bayanai da haɗin gwiwar duniya suka haifar. Faculty of Geographical and Environmental Sciences ya haɗa da sassa masu zuwa:- (Tsarin Bayanin Geographical da Fastoci - Muhalli da Ilimin Halitta - Nazarin Dan Adam da Yawan Jama'a - Tsare-tsare da Ci gaba)

### Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Muhalli

Faculty of Public and Environmental Health, Jami'ar Khartoum ta haɗa da sassan da suka biyo baya: - (Food Hygiene and Safety - Health Education - Epidemiology - Environmental Health and Environmental Studies). Kwalejin ta ba da digiri na farko a fannin kiwon lafiya na jama'a da muhalli a cikin shekaru hudu. Bachelor of Science in Public and Environmental Health Honors a cikin shekaru biyar. Digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiya na jama'a da muhalli a daya daga cikin fannoni shida (Lafiya ta Jama'a - Tsabtace Abinci da Tsaro - Ilimi na Kiwon Lafiya - Epidemiology - Lafiya ta Muhalli - Entomology na Kiwon lafiya) 

### Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Laboratory na Kiwon Lafiya
An kafa Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences a cikin 1966 a ƙarƙashin sunan "School of Medical Laborat Laboratory Technicians" a matsayin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Faculty na Medicine, Jami'ar Khartoum da Ma'aikatar Lafiya.An ci gaba da ci gabanta har sai a 1993 an ba da umarni don kafa Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Laboratory na Kiwon Lafiya wata cibiya mai zaman kanta da ke da alaƙa da Ma'aikatar Ilimi da Binciken Kimiyya. A shekara ta 1997, an haɗa shi da Jami'ar Khartoum a matsayin Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences (FMLS).Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences yana ba da shiri don aiki a kimiyyar dakin gwaje-gwaje na likita (na asibiti). Ayyuka a kimiyyar dakin gwaje-gwaje na likita babbar hanya ce ta haɗa ƙwarewar kimiyya tare da sha'awar taimaka wa wasu. Masana kimiyya na dakin gwaje-gwaje na likita, wanda aka fi sani da masana kimiyya na dakin gwje na asibiti, ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ne waɗanda ke yin gwaje- gwaje-gaje na nazari akan jini, nama, da ruwa na jiki don samar da bayanan dakin gwaje'a don ganowa, ganewar asali, da kuma maganin cututtukan ɗan adam. Har ila yau, akwai ci gaba mai girma ga masana kimiyya na dakin gwaje-gwaje na likita don yin gwajin dakin gwaje'o'i na lafiya da nufin hana cututtuka.Digiri da aka bayar: Janar B.Sc.: Shekaru 4 girmamawa B.Sc.: Shekaru 5 M.S.c: Ta hanyar darussan M.Sc.: Ta hanyar bincike PhD: Ta hanyar bincike Sashen Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Laboratory:

## Gidajen karatu
Jami'ar Khartoum Library, wacce aka fi sani da "Main Library," tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗakunan karatu a jami'o'i a Sudan da Afirka. Ginin ɗakin karatu yana wakiltar tarihin tarihi da kuma tarihin Jami'ar Khartoum. Baya ga Babban Laburaren, akwai ƙananan ɗakunan karatu a kowane bangare da cibiyar da kuma ɗakin karatu na Altegany Almahi don ɗaliban digiri da ɗakin karatu na Sudan.

## ICT
Jami'ar Khartoum tana da Cibiyar Fasahar Bayanai da Sadarwa wacce ke da alhakin bunkasa da sarrafa kayan aikin ICT na jami'ar. Dukkanin makarantun jami'a suna haɗuwa da haɗin kai mai sauri (fiber optics); WiFi yana rufe mafi yawan makarantun da rajistar lantarki a shafin yanar gizon jami'a. Baya ga cibiyar ICT, Faculty of Mathematical Sciences tana da nasa sashin bincike na Fasahar Bayanai wanda ke aiki a ci gaba da inganta software na Open Source a Sudan.

## Shahararrun ɗalibai
Jami'ar Khartoum tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen gina da kuma cancantar mafi yawan shugabannin Sudan.

### Siyasa

* Abdalla Hamdok mai gudanar da gwamnati ne wanda ya zama Firayim Minista na 15 na SudanFirayim Minista na Sudan
* Hassan al-Turabi: Shugaba na Ƙungiyar Musulunci ta Kasa kuma tsohon shugaban Kwalejin Shari'a
* Ali Osman Taha: Tsohon mataimakin shugaban Sudan
* John Garang: Tsohon shugaban Sudan People's Liberation Army / MovementSojojin 'Yanci na Jama'ar Sudan / Yunkurin
* Francis Deng: Tsohon Mataimakin Sakataren Majalisar Dinkin Duniya
* Ibrahim Abood Ahmed: Tsohon kwamandan shugaban sojojin Sudan kuma shugaban Sudan
* Sirr Al-Khatim Al-Khalifa: Tsohon Firayim Minista kuma Ministan Ilimi na Sudan
* Mohamed Ahmed Mahjoob: Tsohon Firayim Minista kuma Ministan Harkokin Waje na Sudan
* Ammar Mohammed Mahmoud, diflomasiyya
* Babiker Awadalla: Tsohon Firayim Minista kuma Ministan Harkokin Waje na Sudan
* Rashid Bakr: Tsohon mataimakin shugaban kasa kuma Firayim Minista na Sudan
* Al-Jazuli Daf'allah: Tsohon Firayim Minista kuma shugaban Kungiyar Likitocin Sudan
* Abdelmahmood Abdelhaleem, tsohon jakadan Sudan a Majalisar Dinkin DuniyaMajalisar Dinkin Duniya
* Usamah Mohamad, ɗan jarida ɗan ƙasa kuma fursuna na Amnesty Internationalfursuna na lamiri
* Nureldin Satti, jakadan Sudan.
* Nasreldin Abdelbari: Ministan Shari'a na Sudan.

### Kimiyya, fasaha da magani

* Elfatih A.B. Eltahir: Farfesa a fannin ilimin ruwa da albarkatun ruwa a MIT . 
* Daoud Mustafa Khalid: Farfesa a fannin Neurology . 
* Mansour Ali Haseeb: Farfesa na farko na Sudan kuma Dean na farko na Faculty of Medicine, Jami'ar Khartoum . 
* Sulafa Khalid Mohamed Ali: majagaba a fannin ilimin zuciya na yara a Sudan . 
* Abbashar Hussein: Farfesa a fannin Neurology.
* Mustafa Abdalla Mohamed Salih: Farfesa a fannin ilimin jijiyoyin yara.

### Fasaha da ilimi

* Abdalla Eltayeb: Masanin ilimin LarabciHarshen Larabci
* Tayeb Salih: Mawallafi
* Leila Aboulela: Marubuciya kuma marubuciyar wasan kwaikwayo
* Meena Alexander: Mawallafi kuma Babban Farfesa na Turanci a Kwalejin Hunter da Cibiyar Nazarin CUNY
* Mandour Elmahdi: Mawallafi, tsohon Shugaban Cibiyar Ilimi (Sudan) da Daraktan Ilimi (Arabiya) 
* Awn Alsharif Qasim: Marubuci, masanin ilimin lissafi kuma masanin tarihin Islama da yarukan Sudan
* Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na'im: Masanin addinin Musulunci kuma Farfesa na Shari'a a Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Emory

## Bayanan da aka ambata