Natalie Ahn

**Natalie G. Ahn** farfesa ce a fannin sinadarai da sinadarai a Jami'ar Colorado da ke Boulder . Bincikenta ya mayar da hankali ne kan fahimtar hanyoyin da ake bi wajen sanya siginar ƙwayoyin halitta, tare da ƙwarewa a fannin phosphorylation da kuma ciwon daji .  Aikin Ahn yana amfani da kayan aikin "kimiyyar gargajiya" don yin aiki kan fahimtar lambar kwayoyin halitta da kuma yadda kwayoyin halitta ke shafar hanyoyin rayuwa.  Ta kasance farfesa a Jami'ar Colorado da ke Boulder tun daga shekarar 2003, inda ta kasance farfesa mai fice.  Ta kasance mai bincike a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Howard Hughes tsakanin 1994 da 2014.  A shekarar 2018, an zaɓe ta a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Ƙasa kuma an naɗa ta a matsayin abokiyar Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka .  

## Tarihin Rayuwa

### Ilimi na baya, bincike, da kyaututtuka
Ahn ta sami digirinta na farko a fannin sinadarai daga Jami'ar Washington, Seattle a shekarar 1979.  Ahn ta gudanar da bincike a dakin gwaje-gwajen Lyle Jensen, inda ta mai da hankali kan nazarin hasken X-ray .  Kasancewarta a cikin wannan binciken ya taimaka wajen fahimtar yadda ake naɗe furotin da kuma hango tsarin sunadarai na 3-D ta hanyar amfani da dabarun lissafi tare da nazarin hasken X-ray.  Bugu da ƙari, Ahn ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar bincike a dakin gwaje-gwajen David Teller, wacce ta binciki yanayin sinadaran furotin, nazarin motsin sunadaran dangane da yanayin ruwa, wanda za a iya dakatar da su ko kuma a narkar da su a ciki.  

A shekarar 1985, ta sami digirin digirgir a fannin sinadarai a Jami'ar California, Berkeley .  A nan, Ahn ta yi aiki tare da Judith Klinman, tana karatun ilimin halittar jiki . 

Aikin farko na Ahn na digiri na biyu shine nazarin haɗakar masu karɓar hormones a Jami'ar Washington tare da Christoph de Haen.  Daga nan Ahn ta koma dakin gwaje-gwaje na Edwin Kreb, inda ta fara aikinta a fannin canza sigina.  A cikin wannan dakin gwaje-gwaje, Ahn ta kasance "ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka fara bayyana MAP kinases da MAP kinase kinases."  Ta fara aiki a Jami'ar Colorado Boulder a 1992.  Ahn ta kasance ɓangare na Shirin Masana na Searle don tallafawa aikin matasa masana kimiyya a 1993.  Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin masu haɗin gwiwa takwas na aiki waɗanda suka sami tallafin kuɗi daga Gidauniyar WM Keck don gano sunadaran da ke cikin nau'in ƙwayar halitta guda ɗaya.  A 2012, an naɗa ta Farfesa na Kwaleji na Bambanci a Jami'ar Colorado.  A 2014, ta zama ɓangare na ƙungiyar Subcellular Pan-Omics for Advanced Rapid Threat Assessment (SPARTA) wacce wani aiki ne na sinadarai wanda Hukumar Ayyukan Bincike na Ci Gaban Tsaro (DARPA) ke tallafawa. 

### Binciken da ake yi a yanzu
Ahn a halin yanzu tana aiki a Jami'ar Colorado kuma tana gudanar da bincike kan siginar ƙwayoyin halitta, bayanai da proteomics, da kuma kimiyyar halittu. Takamaiman batutuwan bincikenta sun haɗa da:

* Proteomics da Transduction Sigina:
** Manufar dakin gwaje-gwaje ita ce bincika sabbin hanyoyin da ke da alhakin tsarawa da kuma siginar ƙwayoyin halitta.  Domin yin wannan, Ahn yana amfani da mass spectrometry don tantance furotin tare da hanyoyin biochemical da cell don fahimtar martanin tantanin halitta ga hanyoyin siginar.
** Bugu da ƙari, Ahn yana bincika motsin ciki na kinases na furotin, musamman yana nazarin yanayin haɗin furotin da aikin catalytic.
** Ahn yana nazarin ci gaban cutar kansa ta hanyar nazarin "hanyoyin sigina waɗanda ke aiki a cikin melanoma kuma suna tasiri ga ci gaban cutar kansa da halayen ƙwayoyin halitta." 
* Siginar Wnt5A:
** Wnt5A tana da alhakin sarrafa samuwar axis na jikin tayi kuma ana iya samunsa a manyan matakan melanoma, wanda ke haifar da mamayewar ƙwayoyin halitta. Ahn da dakin gwaje-gwajenta sun gano "tsarin mai karɓar Wnt5a-actin-myosin-polarity (WRAMP)," wanda ke taimakawa wajen motsa ƙwayoyin halitta ta hanyar haifar da ja da baya daga membrane. Ahn ta sami damar tantance tsarin WRAMP ta amfani da organelle proteomics. 
* Siginar B-Raf:
** A cikin rabin ƙwayoyin melanoma, furotin B-Raf yana ɗauke da maye gurbi (mutuwar V600E), wanda ke da alhakin canza ƙwayoyin halitta, mamayewa, da kuma metastasis. Domin haɓaka ƙwayoyin phosphoproteins, Ahn yana amfani da na'urar auna yawan furotin mai kama da na ion don ganowa da ƙididdige ƙwayoyin phosphopeptides. Ahn ya gano sunadaran daban-daban da wannan hanyar kuma tare da wannan bayanin ya yi nazarin yadda hanyoyin ƙwayoyin halitta da ake amfani da su a maganin ciwon daji suka shafi siginar furotin-protein. 
* Fasahohin Proteomics:
** A dakin gwaje-gwajen Ahn, ta yi amfani da chromatography na ruwa mai girma-MS/MS don gano sunadaran sama da 8,000 a cikin kowane jerin MS. Manufar Ahn ita ce ta kasance mafi daidaito da kuma kulawa a cikin waɗannan dabarun 2-D-LC-MS/MS wajen sanya sunadaran. 
* Tsarin Kinase na Protein:
** A dakin gwaje-gwajen Ahn, ta yi amfani da na'urar auna yawan sinadarin hydrogen-exchange mass spectrometry (HX-MS) don gano da kuma fahimtar motsin furotin a cikin kinases, inda canjin makamashi ke faruwa. Manufar Ahn ita ce fahimtar yadda bambancin tsarin furotin ke iya daidaita ayyukan catalytic a cikin takamaiman enzymes, musamman protein kinase. Ahn tana gudanar da bincike wanda ya mayar da hankali kan kinases na ERK2 MAP, waɗanda ke samar da kyakkyawan tsari saboda alaƙar da ke tsakanin aiki da kuma tsarin furotin. 

### Sabis na al'umma
An zaɓe Ahn a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB) a lokacin bazara na 2015.  A da ta kasance memba a majalisar.  Ta fara halartar taron shekara-shekara na ASBMB yayin da take ɗalibar PhD a Jami'ar California, Berkeley kuma ta yi jawabinta na farko na bincike a bainar jama'a a ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan tarurrukan. 

## Zaɓaɓɓun ayyuka
Ahn, NG (1993). "Kasuwar MAP kinase cascade. Gano sabuwar hanyar canja wurin sigina". Biochemistry na kwayoyin halitta da ƙwayoyin halitta . 127–128: 201–9. .

## Manazarta