open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Chris Abani

**Christopher Abani** (an Haife shi 27 Disamba 1966). Ba'amurke ne kuma Mawallafi na Los Angeles. Ya ce yana cikin sabbin tsararrun marubutan Najeriya da ke aiki don isar wa masu sauraron Ingilishi labarin waɗanda aka haifa kuma suka girma a cikin “waɗannan al’ummar Afirka da ke fama da rikici”.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Abani a Afikpo, Jihar Ebonyi, Najeriya. Mahaifinsa dan Ƙabilar Ibo ne, yayin da mahaifiyarsa ‘yar asalin kasar Ingila ce.

Abani ya wallafa littafinsa na farko, Masters of the Board, a cikin 1985 yana ɗan shekara 16.  Wani abin burgewa ne na siyasa, wanda makircin ya kasance kwatankwacin juyin mulkin da aka yi a Najeriya kafin a rubuta shi. An daure shi tsawon watanni shida bisa zargin yunkurin kifar da gwamnati .  Ya ci gaba da rubutawa bayan an sake shi daga gidan yari, amma an daure shi tsawon shekara guda bayan buga littafinsa na Sirocco a shekarar 1987.  A wannan lokacin, an tsare shi a gidan yari na Kiri Kiri, inda aka azabtar da shi.  Bayan da aka sake shi daga gidan yari a wannan karon, ya shirya wasan kwaikwayo da dama na nuna adawa da gwamnati da aka yi a kan titi kusa da ofisoshin gwamnati tsawon shekaru biyu. An daure shi a karo na uku kuma aka sanya shi a kan hukuncin kisa .  Duk da haka, abokansa sun ba wa jami'an gwamnati cin hanci don a sake shi a 1991, kuma nan da nan Abani, mahaifiyarsa, da 'yan uwansa hudu suka koma Birtaniya, suna zaune a can har zuwa 1999.  Daga nan ya koma Amurka inda yake zaune a yanzu.

## Ilimi da Aiki
Abani ya yi digirin digirgir a fannin Turanci da adabi daga Jami’ar Jihar Imo, Najeriya; MA a fannin Jinsi da Al'adu daga Kwalejin Birkbeck, Jami'ar London, MA a Turanci daga Jami'ar Kudancin California ; da kuma Ph.D. a cikin Ƙirƙirar Rubuce-rubuce da Adabi daga Jami'ar Kudancin California

Abani an ba shi kyautar PEN / Barbara Goldsmith Freedom don Rubuta Award, Kyautar Yarima Claus na 2001, Fellowship na Littattafai na Lannan, Kyautar Littafin California, Kyautar Legacy na Hurston-Wright da Hemingway Foundation/PEN Award . Zaɓuɓɓukan waƙarsa sun bayyana a cikin mujallar kan layi ta Blackbird . Daga 2007 zuwa 2012, ya kasance Farfesa na Rubutun Ƙirƙira a Jami'ar California, Riverside . A halin yanzu shi ne Kwamitin Amintattu Farfesa na Turanci a Jami'ar Arewa maso Yamma

Littafinsa na waka, Sanctificum (2010) wanda Copper Canyon Press ya buga, jerin waƙoƙin da aka haɗa, yana haɗa al'adar addini, da harshen Igbo na mahaifarsa ta Najeriya, da kuma reggae rhythms a cikin waƙar soyayya, na liturgical.

A lokacin rani na 2016, an buga babban zaɓi na ayyukansa a cikin Isra'ila ta ƙaramin gidan wallafe-wallafe mai zaman kansa Ra'av a ƙarƙashin taken Shi'ur Geografia (Ibrananci don "Darasi na Geography"), wanda Noga Shevach da mawaƙa Eran Tzelgov suka shirya. . Tarin ya sami babban bita kuma ya ba wa masu karatun Ibrananci karo na farko tare da waƙar Abani.

## Ayyukan da aka buga

Jagoran Hukumar (Delta, 1985)

GraceLand (FSG, 2004/Picador 2005)

Budurwar Harshe (Penguin, 2007)

Tarihin Sirrin Las Vegas (Penguin, 2014)

## Manazarta
Masarautar Garo

**Masarautar Garo** wacce aka fi sani da  bayan daular mulkinta, masarautar Oromo da Sidama ce a yankin kahon Afirka. Kabilar Sidama ne suka kafa ta, tana kan iyakar yankin Gibe na Habasha.

## Wuri
Masarautar Garo tana da tabbatacciyar iyaka a arewa da Masarautar Janjero, daga gabas kuwa kogin Omo, daga kudu kuma kogin Gojeb ya raba Garo da Masarautar Kaffa. Kasancewar ba ta da iyaka a kan iyakokinta na yamma, al'ummar masarautar sun yi jerin ramuka da kofofi don kare kansu daga mamayewar 'yan Oromo na Masarautar Jimma. 

## Tarihi
Werner Lange yayi magana akan yuwuwar masarautar Garo ta kasance wani yanki ne na Ennarea, kamar yadda Ennarea ya kasance wani yanki na masarautar Damot.  A zamanin Yeshaq I, Garo ya ware kansa daga Ennarea, kuma ya kasance ƙasa mai raɗaɗi ga Habasha; yana iya zama "Bosge" da aka ambata a cikin hanyoyin tafiya na Zorzi. A cikin ƙarni na 16, Sarkin sarakuna Sarsa Dengel ya shawo kan Sarkin Garo ya rungumi Kiristanci a hukumance. Ya zuwa ƙarni na 17, Habasha ta rasa duk wata alaƙa da wannan jiha, kuma tarihin wannan jiha ya kasance "ba komai ba ne" a mafi yawan ƙarnin nan, duk da cewa a karkashin matsin lamba na sauran 'yan ƙabilar Oromo da suka yi hijira zuwa yankin Gibe ya tilastawa "sarautar Bosa". Masarautar dole ne ta ci gaba da raguwa a hankali har sai an bar wani yanki kaɗan a cikin gandun daji na Mayu Gudo a ƙarshen ƙarni." 

Garo asalin kasa ce mai cin gashin kanta har zuwa lokacin mulkin Abba Gomol na Jimma, wanda ya mamaye yankin da ya kebe na karshe na wannan daula. A lokacin da sarki Haile Selassie ya maye gurbin Jimma, ɗan zuriyar Dagoye, Sarkin Garo na karshe, yana zaune a cikin wani yanayi bayan da aka "kore shi na wani ɗan lokaci" a garin Jiren. 

## Duba kuma

* Sarakunan Bosha/Garo

## Bayanan kula
Jiren

**Jiren** tsohon babban birnin Masarautar Jimma ne, a yankin Oromia na ƙasar Habasha. A yau ƙauye ne ko bayan gari a wajen birnin Jimma, wanda ya ƙunshi gidaje kusan 2500 da ba su yi rajista ba.

## Tarihi

An kafa Jiren a zamanin Abba Jifar I (1830-1855), Sarkin farko na Masarautar Jimma. 

Bayan rasuwar Abba Jifar II a shekarar 1932, Masarautar Habasha ta mamaye Masarautar Jimma kuma Jiren ta ƙi zama cibiyar siyasa. Da yake rubutawa a cikin 1965, Herbert S. Lewis ya lura cewa ginin fadar ya bace kuma ya “gudu zuwa wurin wasu mutane su ɗari da ke gudanar da wasu shaguna, gidan casu da gidajen karuwai”. Yawancin mazaunanta sun koma Hirmata, wanda a cikin 1936 gwamnatin mulkin mallaka na Italiya ta hade da Jiren don kafa sabon birnin Jimma, babban birnin Galla-Sidamo Governorate.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
* 
*
Auston Trusty

**Auston Trusty** Auston Levi-Jesaiah Trusty (an Haife shi a watan Agusta 12, 1998) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida don ƙungiyar Premier League Sheffield United  da ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Amurka.

## Manazarta
Mohammed Sabila

**Mohammed Sabila** () (an haife shi 1942 - ya mutu a ranar 19 ga watan Yuli 2021)  marubuci ne kuma masanin falsafa.

Shi ne marubucin kasidu da litattafai da dama kan siyasa da al'adu, kuma ya shahara wajen fassara wasu ayyukan Martin Heidegger zuwa harshen Larabci. 

Sabila farfesa ne a fannin falsafa a Jami'ar Mohammed V ta Rabat, babban editan mujallar *Madarat* kuma shugaban kungiyar *Societé de Philosophie du Maroc.*

Sabila ya mutu sakamakon cutar COVID-19 a Rabat a ranar 19 ga watan Yuli 2021, yana da shekaru 79.

## Littattafai

* *Hakkin Ɗan Adam* 1990
* *Akida* 1993
* *Al'adu da Siyasa* 1995
* *Hakkokin Ɗan Adam da Dimokuradiyya* 1999
* *Zamani da Bayan Zamani* 2000
* *Ta hanyar Siyasa, Don Siyasa* 2000
* *Maroko da Zamani* 2000
* Boudani Brahim, 2003, Fassarar zaɓaɓɓun surori daga بين الأصولية الحداثة na Mohammed Sabila.

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Qantara.de Hira da Mohammed Sabila. http://www.qantara.de/webcom/show_article.php/_c-476/_nr-426/i.html (Da farko *Zeitschrift für Kulturaustausch* na Cibiyar Harkokin Harkokin Waje ta Jamus ta buga a 2005) 

## Manazarta
Jayden Bogle

**Jayden Bogle** Jayden Ian Bogle (an haife shi ranar 27 ga watan Yuli 2000) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan baya na dama, ko ɗan wasan tsakiya na dama don ƙungiyar Premier League Sheffield United. 

## Manazarta
Gustavo Hamer

**Gustavo Martin Emilio Hamer** (an haife shi 24 ga Yuni 1997) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na ƙungiyar Premier League Sheffield United.  An haife shi a Brazil, ya wakilci Netherlands a matakin matasa.

## Manazarta
Vinícius Souza

**Vinícius de Souza Costa** (an haife shi 17 ga Yuni 1999) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Brazil wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida don ƙungiyar Premier League Sheffield United.  

## Manazarta
Andre Brooks

**Andre Brooks** Andre Chance Brooks (an haife shi 20 ga Agusta shekara ta 2003) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin winger na Sheffield United.

## Manazarta
Dolton, Devon

**Dolton** ƙaramin ƙauye ne da Ikklesiya ta farar hula a cikin gundumar Torridge na Devon, dake a kudu maso yammacin Ingila, kewaye, daga arewa, ta Beaford, Ashreigney, Winkleigh, Dowland, Meeth, Huish da Merton. Ƙauyen na da yawan jama'a kusan 900.

An ambaci Dolton a cikin Littafin Domesday na 1086 a matsayin *Duueltone*. Sunan na iya nufin "gidan gona a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasar da kurciya ke yawan zuwa" ( Old English *dūfe* + *feld* + *tunun* ). 

Hanyar Tarka ta wuce ta Dolton. An sadaukar da cocin Ikklesiya ga St Edmund. Gidan tarihi na Stafford Barton yana kusa da shi. Dolton tagwaye ne tare da Amfreville a Faransa, da Hillerse a Jamus.

Anthony Horneck FRS, masanin tauhidin Furotesta, ya zauna a Dolton tsakanin 1670 da 1671. Henry Bentinck, 11th Earl na Portland, ya zauna a wani gida mai suna Little Cudworthy kuma ya mutu a can a shekarar 1997. Mawaƙin Rolling Stones drummer Charlie Watts ya rayu a Halsdon House kusa da ƙauyen na wasu shekaru har izuwa mutuwarsa a shekaran 2021. 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

*
*Dolton.org.uk/
Cameron Archer

**Cameron Desmond Archer** (an haife shi 9 Disamba 2001) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Premier League Sheffield United.  

## Manazarta
Jerin sarakunan Bosha

Ga **jerin sunayen sarakunan [[Masarautar Garo]]** ko Bosha. Bosha na ɗaya daga cikin masarautu da ke gefen yankin Gibe na ƙasar Habasha. Masarautar ta wanzu tun daga 1567 zuwa 1883.

## Jerin Sarakunan Bosha ko Garo

**Madogara**: Werner J. Lange, *History of the Southern Gonga (Southwestern Ethiopia)* (Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner, 1982), p.&nbsp;64.

## Duba kuma
* Masarautar Garo
Mohammed Amine Sbihi

**Mohamed Amine Sbihi** (   An haife shi a shekara ta 1954, Salé) ɗan siyasan Moroko ne na Jam'iyyar (Party of Progress and Socialism). A tsakanin ranar 3 ga watan Janairu 2012 zuwa  ranar 6 ga watan Afrilu 2017, ya riƙe muƙamin ministan al'adu a gwamnatin Abdelilah Benkirane.     Mohammed Laaraj ne ya gaje shi.  Ya kasance farfesa a fannin kididdiga da lissafi a Jami'ar Mohammed V na Rabat da jami'ar al-Akhawayn ta Ifrane. 

A cikin watan Disamba 2021, Sarki Mohammed VI ya naɗa Sbihi jakada a Girka da Cyprus.   A ranar 19 ga watan Janairu, 2022, ya gabatar da takaddun shaida ga Shugabar Hellenic Republic Katerina Sakellaropoulou..
 

## Duba kuma

* Majalisar Morocco

## Manazarta
Ouaka

**Ouaka** na ɗaya daga cikin larduna ashirin 20 na Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya. Yayi iyaka da Jamhuriyar Dimokaradiyyar Kwango, da faɗin kasa 49,900&nbsp;km 2, kuma yana da yawan jama'a 276,710 (ƙidayar 2003).2. Babban birnin ƙasar Bambari. An yi masa suna don Kogin Ouaka.

## Garuruwa da kauyuka

*Adodo
*Afrotcho
*Agbandjo
*Aguéné
*Angbaka
*Angora
*Angoua
*Awatchie
*Azouyomba
*Babadja
*Bada
*Badjia
*Bagaya
*Bagou
*Bahamo
*Bakala
*Bakala Koupi
*Bakoro
*Balepou
*Baleyo
*Baligo
*Bambari (capital)
*Banga
*Banganendji
*Bangba
*Banguéré
*Banindji
*Baréamba
*Batibla
*Batobadja
*Beidou
*Belingo
*Bianga
*Bimbala
*Bindi
*Binguinendji
*Bisibanda
*Bologondjo
*Bohola
*Bothco
*Bouassi
*Bougwa
*Boulou
*Dakadjia
*Dalio
*Damangou
*Dambagoua
*Dami
*Dangé
*Digui
*Djama
*Djoubissi
*Dokoua
*Domanga 
*Douloungoa
*Doumba
*Doungba 
*Dourou 
*Gambala 
*Ganamandji
*Gaoda
*Gbadala
*Gibada
*Gibanda 
*Gimodo 
*Gotchélé 
*Grapou 
*Grengakola
*Grimari 
*Goboudo
*Gouhoutou 
*Goulinga 
*Gousoumalé 
*Guémé 
*Igoua 
*Ippy 
*Kabadou
*Kedja
*Kerela
*Kidjigra
*Kodjo
*Kohiri 
*Komali
*Komblé 
*Kongbanga 
*Kongolobadja
*Kopia
*Koropo 
*Kotanguisa
*Kouango 
*Koudoukou 
*Koumbanga
*Koumourou
*Kouzouhindji 
*Kradé 
*Lekpa
*Lioto
*Makoulou
*Malikara 
*Matchika
*Mbahouba
*Mbaranga
*Mbaya
*Méné
*Modokouzou
*Modomali-Mbrés
*Mono 
*Moroubas
*Ndioloussou
*Ndoro 
*Ngadza 
*Ngahondji 
*Ngouyali 
*Ouamba
*Oubou 
*Pangakora 
*Papa 
*Pierlot 
*Sakoua
*Samblé
*Séko 
*Siou
*Tagbara 
*Tawangé 
*Tianbi 
*Tougoumalé
*Tongouyassi
*Toumba
*Vevré
*Vilao
*Wali-Boykota
*Wandalongo
*Yabita
*Yamindou
*Yangao 
*Yangoumaka 
*Yangasa
*Yassibazanga 
*Yéraoua 
*Youbandji
*Zamahou

## Manazarta
Zedekia Ngavirue

**Zedekia Josef Ngavirue** (Zed Ngavirue) (4 Maris 1933 - 24 Yuni 2021) Malami ne kuma masani a fannin ilimi  ɗan ƙasar Namibiya kuma ya daɗe yana aiki a matsayin jakadan Namibiya a Tarayyar Turai da kuma Belgium, Netherlands da Luxembourg.

## Ilimi da aiki
Ngavirue ya yi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta Augustineum, Waterberg da Stofberg. Ya sami B.Phil. digiri daga Jami'ar Uppsala a Sweden da kuma Dakta na Falsafa daga Jami'ar Oxford a Birtaniya. Ya kasance memba na SWANU. Ngavirue ya kafa *jaridar South West News* jarida a cikin harshen Turanci, Afrikaans, Otjiherero da Oshiwambo, kuma ya shirya tare da Emil Appolus wanda daga baya ya taka rawar gani a kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu maso Yamma (SWANU). 

Ngavirue ya bar Namibiya ne a shekarar 1960, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin malami a Jami’ar Papua New Guinea a tsakanin shekarun 1972 zuwa 1978 kafin ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa a shekarar 1981. Ya yi aiki a muƙamai daban-daban na gudanarwa a ma'adinan uranium na Rössing daga shekarun 1983  1989. 

Bayan Namibiya ta samu 'yancin kai, Ngavirue ya zama darakta-janar na Hukumar Tsare-tsare ta Ƙasa daga shekarun 1990 zuwa 1995. Shi ne Jakadan Namibiya a EU da Belgium a Brussels a tsakanin shekarun 1995 da 2003.  

Ko da yake ya yi ritaya a shekara ta 2003,  Ngavirue yakan sami muƙaman gwamnati lokaci-lokaci. Mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne matsayinsa na manzo na musamman kan al’amuran da suka shafi 1904 – 1908 Herero da Namaqua. Ya tattauna da takwaransa na Jamus, Ruprecht Polenz kuma yana jagorantar tattaunawa da gwamnatin Jamus kan kisan kare dangi na shekarun 1904-1908,  wanda shugaba Hage Geingob ya naɗa.  Ngavirue ya kuma yi aiki a hukumar ta 4th *Delimitation Commission*, yana ba da shawara kan sashin gudanarwa na Namibiya.
 

Ngavirue ya mutu daga sanadiyyar kamuwa da cutar Covid-19 a cikin shekara ta 2021.

## Manazarta
James McAtee

**James John McAtee** (an haife shi ranar 18 ga watan Oktoba, 2002) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan wasan tsakiya ko kuma winger don ƙungiyar Premier League Sheffield United, a matsayin aro daga Premier League Manchester City, da ƙasar Ingila 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21.  

## Manazarta
William Osula

**William Idamudia Daugaard Osula** (an haife shi 4 ga Agusta 2003) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Danish wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba don ƙungiyar Premier League Sheffield United.  

## Manazarta
Neal Maupay

**Neal Maupay** (an haife shi 14 ga Agusta 1996) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Faransa wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba don ƙungiyar Premier League Brentford ta aro daga Everton. 
 
## Manazarta
Keane Lewis-Potter

**Keane William Lewis-Potter** (an haife shi 22 ga Fabrairu 2001) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya mai kai hari, ɗan gefen hagu ko kuma gaba don ƙungiyar Premier League Brentford.  

## Manazarta
Erold Naomab

**Erold Naomab** (an haife shi 2 Afrilu 1977) ƙwararren malami ne na ƙasar Namibiya. Shi ne mataimakin shugaban Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Namibia (NUST).

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Naomab a ranar 2 ga watan Afrilu 1977. Ya girma Omaruru a yankin Erongo na Namibiya. Ya halarci makarantu a Omaruru, Okombahe da kuma Otjiwarongo. Bayan wani ɗan gajeren zama a wani kamfani mai ba da shawara Naomab ya fara karatun sakandare a Jami'ar Namibia, inda ya kammala karatun digiri da digiri na biyu. Daga nan ya yi karatu a Jami’ar Nottingham Trent da ke Ingila sannan ya samu wani digiri na biyu a (Research in Strategic Resource Management) da kuma PhD a fannin Kimiyya.

## Sana'a
Naomab ya yi aiki a Kwalejin Kudancin Jami'ar Namibia (UNAM) a Keetmanshoop inda ya kai matsayin mataimakin mataimakin shugaban jami'a, babban jami'in gudanarwa na UNAM a wannan harabar.  A cikin watan Janairu 2021 an naɗa shi mataimakin shugaban Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Namibia (NUST), ya gaji shugaban da ya kafa Tjama Tjivikua, sannan ya karɓi muƙamin Andrew Niikondo wanda ya yi aiki a wannan matsayi.

## Manazarta
Andrew Niikondo

**Andrew Niikondo** (an haife shi 15 Janairu 1962) malami ne na ƙasar Namibiya. Shi ne mataimakin shugaban jami'ar kimiyya da fasaha ta Namibia kuma shugaban kungiyar Think tank SWAPO.

## Ilimi da farkon rayuwa
An haifi Niikondo a ranar 15 ga watan Janairun 1962 a Onantsi kusa da Ondangwa a Ovamboland, a yau yankin Oshana na Namibiya. Ya bar makaranta yana ɗan shekara 17 domin ya shiga kungiyar Jama’a ta Namibiya (PLAN). Ya tafi gudun hijira na Angola kuma an horar da shi a Lubango.  Ya zama jami'in bindigu na PLAN a karkashin Epaphras Denga Ndaitwah kuma ya koma Namibiya bayan shekaru goma. A cikin shekara ta 2018 Niikondo ya wallafa littafi, *Shin Kai Mutum ne ko Fatalwa?* , dalla-dalla abubuwan da ya faru a gudun hijira. Taken yana nuni ne da furucin da mahaifiyarsa ta yi a lokacin da ya dawo, ba tare da jin labarinsa ba a cikin shekaru goma. Da yake jawabi a wajen kaddamar da littafin da kuma yin tsokaci kan aikin Niikondo na ilimi daga baya, Ndaitwah ya ce shi kadai ne kwamandan [PLAN] da ya aike da likita.

## Aikin ilimi
Niikondo kawai ya ci gaba da karatunsa na yau da kullun bayan samun 'yancin kai na Namibia kuma ya sami matric ɗinsa ta ilimin nesa (Distance learning) a shekara ta 1992. Ya kasance yana ɗan shekara 30 a lokacin. Ya sami digiri na farko na ilimi (difloma ta ƙasa) a fannin Gudanar da Jama'a a shekarar 1995 daga Jami'ar Namibia. Daga nan ya kammala karatunsa na B.Tech daga Technikon Afirka ta Kudu a shekarar 1999 sannan ya sake yin digiri na biyu a fannin Gudanar da Jama'a, daga Jami'ar Western Cape da Jami'ar Uppsala.  A shekarar 2008 ya samu digirin digirgir (PhD) a fannin kula da harkokin jama'a daga jami'ar Namibia.  Niikondo ya yi aiki a matsayin malami na ɗan lokaci daga shekarun 2002, kuma ya shiga Polytechnic na Namibia (yanzu Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Namibia) a shekara ta 2003. Bayan ya zama shugaban sashen kula da harkokin gwamnati kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar kasuwanci da gudanarwa ya zama mataimakin shugaban harkokin ilimi da bincike a shekarar 2011. 

Niikondo ya sha wahala a matsayin mataimakin rector. Shugaban makarantar Polytechnic da ya kafa Tjama Tjivikua ya zarge shi da rashin iya aiki, yayin da Niikondo ya buɗe hanyoyin korafe-korafe kan Tjivikua saboda "tsana, cin zarafi da wariya". Shirye-shiryen raba fayil ɗin bincike daga al'amuran ilimi, ta yadda za a samar da matsayi na mataimakin Rekta na uku, ana ganin yunƙurin rage Niikondo ne.   Yayin da Majalisar Cibiyar ta rabu kan batun,  Niikondo ya ci gaba da riƙe matsayinsa na mataimakin shugaban jami'a, kuma lokacin da Polytechnic ta zama jami'a ya karɓi mukamin mataimakin mataimakin shugaban makarantar.  A watan Mayu 2020 ya zama mataimakin shugaban riko, ya maye gurɓin Morné du Toit.  Ya yi aiki har zuwa ƙarshen shekarar 2020, ya mika wa Erold Naomab.

## Aikin siyasa
Niikondo memba ne na SWAPO na dogon lokaci kuma an naɗa shi a matsayin shugaban kungiyar masu tunani (Think tank) a cikin shekara ta 2021.2021.

## Manazarta
Elizabeth Amukugo

**Elizabeth Magano Amukugo** (an haife ta 1 ga Agusta 1954, a Windhoek, yankin Khomes ) 'yar siyasa ce ta Namibiya kuma malama a Jami'ar Namibiya.  

## Rayuwar farko
Amukugo ta yi karatun Firamare a Makarantar Firamare ta Onayena a shekarun 1963 zuwa 1970 kuma ta yi karatun Sakandare a Makarantar Sakandare ta Ongwediva har lokacin da aka kore ta saboda siyasa. Ta zama memba na SWAPO a cikin shekara ta 1974 kuma ta tafi gudun hijira a Angola a wannan shekarar, ta ci gaba da zuwa Zambia sannan ta bar karatunta a makarantar Agha Khan a Nairobi, Kenya. Bayan haka, ta tafi ƙasar Sweden ta ƙasar Tanzaniya bayan aurenta da wani ɗan siyasa Ambasada Kaire Mbuende.

## Aikin ilimi da siyasa
Amukugo tayi karatu a Jami'ar Lund a Sweden ta samu Masters a fannin Kimiyya a Ilimin zamantakewa da Ilimi, Masters a Kimiyyar zamantakewa daga Jami'ar Lund, da kuma Digiri na Falsafa a fannin Ilimi. Yayin da ta ke ƙasar Sweden ta yi aiki tukuru tare da kungiyoyi da dama irin su kungiyoyin Afirka, ISAK, ABF da jam'iyyun siyasa da dama. Amukugo ta kasance 'yar majalisar dokokin ƙasar Namibiya daga shekarun  2000 zuwa 2005 kuma ta yi aiki a zaunannen kwamitin kula da harkokin gwamnati, zaunannen kwamitin kula da rahotanni na ɗan sanda da kuma kwamitin kula da albarkatun ɗan adam, daidaito da jinsi da kuma babban wakiliyar hukumar. Ƙungiyar Majalisar Dokoki ta Commonwealth reshen Namibiya, Memba na Kwamitin Zartarwa na Ƙasa da kuma Majalisar Wakilan Majalisar Wakilai ta Ƙasa  (CoD).
  

Amukugo ta kasance Abokiyar Bincike a Jami'ar Lund a Sweden daga shekarun 1987 zuwa 1990, malama a tsohuwar Kwalejin Ilimi ta Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Namibiya a kusa da shekarun 1990 da 1991. Sannan ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar haɗin gwiwar ɓangarori da yawa tare da Hukumar Tsare-tsare ta Namibia daga shekarun 1991 zuwa 1996. Ita malama ce ta hanyar sana'a, Amukugo ta kasance Babbar Malama a fannin Ilimin Falsafa daga shekarun 1996 zuwa 2000 tare da Jami'ar Namibia, kuma Majalisar Dattawa da Shugaban Sashen Ilimin Ilimi da Gudanarwa tare da Jami'ar Namibia daga shekarun 1997 zuwa 2000.

A halin yanzu ita Mataimakiyar Farfesa ce tare da Tushen Ilimi da Gudanarwa na Jami'ar Namibia, ta rubuta *Dimokuraɗiyya da Ilimi a Namibiya da bayanta* a cikin shekara ta 2017  da *Ilimi da Siyasa a Namibiya.* *Abubuwan da suka gabata da kuma abubuwan da zasu faru nan gaba.*

## Manazarta
Esther Schiff Goldfrank

**Esther Schiff Goldfrank** (1896 - 23 Afrilu 1997) ƙwararren ɗan Adam Ba'amurke ce ta shahararren dangin Schiff Ba'amurke Ba'amurke. Ta yi karatu tare da Franz Boas kuma ta ƙware a Indiyawan Pueblo. Ta yi aiki tare da Elsie Clews Parsons da kuma Ruth Benedict akan Blackfoot. Ta buga akan addinin Pueblo, Cochiti sociology da zane na Isleta. Goldfrank ta sami digiri na farko daga Kwalejin Barnard a 1918 kuma ta sauke karatu daga Jami'ar Columbia a 1937.
Esther Schiff Goldfrank ta auri masanin tarihi kuma masanin ilimin kimiyya Karl August Wittfogel bayan mutuwar mijinta na farko, Walter Goldfrank a shekara ta 1935.

## Tarihi
An haifi Esther Schiff Goldfrank a cikin 1896 New York City ga Dokta Herman J. Schiff da Matilda Metzger Schiff. Kafin ta kai shekara ashirin, ta wuce iyayenta biyu da ɗan'uwanta tilo, Jack. Ko da yake ba a san da yawa game da yarinta ba, ta halarci makarantar sakandaren al'adun gargajiya kuma daga ƙarshe ta shiga Kwalejin Barnard, inda ta sami AB a fannin tattalin arziki a 1918.
Bayan kammala karatun ta, ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariya a Wall Street na tsawon shekara guda, ba sabon abu ba ga mace ta kammala karatun kwaleji a lokacin. A cikin 1919, bisa ga nacewa wata kawarta, ta nemi mukamin sakatariya ga Franz Boas, shugabar Sashen Anthropology na Columbia, kuma nan da nan aka ɗauke ta aiki. Kodayake Schiff ba ta da masaniya game da fannin Anthropology, lokacin da ta sami labarin cewa Boas na shirin tafiya Laguna Pueblo a lokacin bazara na 1920, ta nemi a ɗauke ta. Boas ya damu da ra'ayin, saboda ba ta da horo, ba ta yi aure ba, kuma ba shi da tallafin kudi don kawo ta, bayan ya nemi shawarar Elsie Clews Parsons, an yarda cewa Schiff zai shiga tafiya.[3]. Wannan ya nuna farkon aikinta a fagen aikin ɗan adam, ta fara sosai bisa kuskure. Schiff ya auri Walter S. Goldfrank a shekara ta 1922.[4] Walter ya mutu a 1935 bayan haka ta auri mijinta na biyu, Karl August Wittfogel, a 1940.

## Sana'a
Goldfrank ta yi karatun Indiyawan Pueblo a lokacin da take tare da Boas. Ta koma Pueblo bayan samun damar ganawa da wata mata Conchiti a wata rijiya. Bayanan nata daga wannan lokacin sun haifar da 1927 monograph, The Social and Ceremonial Organization on Conchiti. Yawancin ayyukanta sun faru tsakanin 1920 zuwa 1922.

Bayan mutuwar mijinta na farko, Goldfrank ya yi balaguro zuwa Alberta, Kanada. Binciken da ta yi ya kai ga littafin 1945, Canjin Saituna a cikin Ƙungiyar Jama'a ta Blackfoot Tribe A Lokacin Tsari. Goldfrank ta buga abubuwan tarihinta, Bayanan kula akan rayuwar da ba a kai ba, a cikin 1978.

## Manazarta
Samuel Ankama

**Cif Samuel Ankama** (27 Oktoba 1957 - 4 Yuli 2021) ɗan siyasan Namibiya ne, shugaban gargajiya, kuma malami. Memba ne na SWAPO, Ankama ya kasance memba na Majalisar Dokokin Namibiya daga shekarun 2005 zuwa 2021. 

## Sana'a
Ankama ya kasance dayn gwagwarmayar SWAPO na cikin gida tun farkon shekarun 1980. Ya kasance Jami'in Watsa Labarai a kungiyoyi daban-daban, ciki har da Majalisar Coci a Namibiya da Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Namibiya mai alaƙa da SWAPO. A cikin shekara ta 1989, yayin da Namibiya ta sami 'yancin kai, Ankama ya sami digiri na farko a fannin ilimi a Jami'ar Edinburgh a Scotland. A shekarar 1992, Ankama ya zama magajin garin Oshakati na farko. Ankama ya bar wannan muƙamin ne a shekarar 1995 lokacin da ya samu gurɓin karatu a jami’ar Warwick ta ƙasar Ingila, inda ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1996 da digirin digirgir (MA) a fannin nazarin harshe. A cikin shekara ta 2001, ya sami gurbin karatu na Fulbright don yin karatu a Amurka don samun Ph.D., wanda ya samu a shekarar 2003 daga Jami'ar Maryland, Baltimore County a fannin karatu da al'adu. Ph.D. ɗin sa a karatun ya kasance cikin harsunan Namibiya na asali a cikin tsarin ilimi na ƙasa. Daga shekarun 2003 zuwa 2005, Ankama ya yi aiki a manyan muƙamai da dama a harabar jami'ar Namibiya ta arewacin Oshakati. A shekara ta 2005, an zaɓe shi a cikin jerin sunayen SWAPO na Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa a karo na 54 kuma aka zaɓe shi a Majalisar Dokoki ta 4th.
 

Kafin zaɓen shekara ta 2009, Ankama ya koma matsayi na 37 a jerin zaɓukan SWAPO. An sake zaɓen shi aka naɗa shi mataimakin ministan ayyuka da sufuri.  A cikin sauya shekar da majalisar ministocin ta yi bayan taron SWAPO karo na biyar a shekarar 2012, Cif Ankama ya musanya muƙamai da Cif Kilus Nguvauva kuma ya kasance mataimakin ministan kamun kifi da albarkatun ruwa. 

Ya mutu sakamakon rikice-rikice masu alaka da cutar COVID-19 a Ongwediva, yankin Oshana a ranar 4 ga watan Yuli 2021.

## Manazarta
Mythimna vitellina

**Mythimna vitellina** wasu dangin na Noctuidae. Jacob Hübner ne ya fara bayyana irin wannan nau’in a shekara ta 1808. An fi rarraba shi a ko’ina cikin kudancin Turai da kuma kudancin gabashin Turai. Har ila yau, ana samun shi a ƙasa da ƙasa a arewa a Turai. Haka kuma a Arewacin Afirka, Gabas ta Tsakiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya, Asiya ta Tsakiya da yammacin kasar China.

## Bayanin fasaha da bambancin
Tsawon fuka-fuki shine 36-43 mm. Tsawon goshi ya bambanta daga 12 zuwa 14 mm. Haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe; veins finely rufous; layukan da suke da kyau, fiye ko žasa angula, ciki da waje sun kusanta a gefen ciki; stigmata wanda ba a sani ba: ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, sau da yawa maras amfani; gyara rufous, tare da duhu tabo a ƙananan ƙarshen; ja da baya fari fari mai launin toka, launin toka a mace, veins sau da yawa fuskoki; kodadde, marasa launi sosai, samfurori, tare da farar hindwings, ab. pallida nov. [Warren] wanda da alama ba su da yawa a yammacin Turai, kodayake yana faruwa a Switzerland da Canaries, su ne nau'i na yau da kullun a Siriya da Turkestan.

## Manazarta
1.Seitz, A. Ed., 1914 Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde, Verlag Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart Band 3 
2.Robinson, Gaden S.; Ackery, Phillip R.; Kitching, Ian J.; Beccaloni, George W.; Hernández, Luis M. (2010).
LukArco

**LukArco B.V.** wani reshe ne na kamfanin mai na kasar Rasha Lukoil. An kafa shi a cikin Fabrairu 1997 a matsayin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Lukoil da tsohon kamfanin mai na Amurka ARCO. A cikin 2000, Arco ya haɗu da kamfanin mai na Burtaniya BP, kuma tun lokacin da BP ya zama mai hannun jari na LukArco tare da hannun jari 46%. A cikin Disamba 2009, BP ya sayar da hannun jarinsa ga Lukoil sannan kuma Lukoil ya zama mai hannun jari na LukArco.

LukArco abokin tarayya ne a cikin Caspian Pipeline Consortium tare da hannun jari na 12.5%, kuma abokin tarayya ne a cikin ƙungiyar Tengizchevroil.  

## Manazarta
1.  ARCO, LUKoil Sign Summary Shareholders Agreement, Detailed Financing Terms for LUKARCO Joint Venture Archived 2011-06-08 at the Wayback Machine.

2. Turner, Lorraine (2009-09-11). "BP says Lukoil buys out stake in CPC pipeline JV". Reuters. Retrieved 2009-09-12.

3. ARCO, LUKOIL Formalize Joint Venture Agreement; First Investment is in Caspian Pipeline Consortium; Negotiations Proceed for Tengiz Oil Field Involvement Archived 2007-10-11 at the Wayback Machine.

4. LUKARCO Acquires 5% Interest in Tengiz Oil Field from Chevron Archived 2011-06-08 at the Wayback Machine
Christian Nørgaard

**Christian Nørgaard** Christian Thers Nørgaard (an Haife shi 10 Maris 1994) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Danish wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida don ƙungiyar Premier League Brentford da Denmark na ƙasa.

## Manazarta
Charles R. Keyes

**Charles Reuben Keyes** (Mayu 5, 1871 - Yuli 23, 1951) wani majagaba ne masanin ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi da harshe wanda ke zaune a Iowa, wanda aka sani da wanda ya kafa ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi na Iowa na zamani. Shi ne, tare da Ellison Orr (1857-1951), yana ɗaukar babban mutum don samun kariya ga Effigy Mounds National Monument, wanda Majalisa ta kafa a 1949 don kare ɗaruruwan ayyukan ƙasa na tarihi waɗanda al'adun ƴan asalin ƙasar Amurka suka gina.

An san Keyes a matsayin mai bincike na farko na Amurka don bayyana al'adun Mississippian, al'adun gini na ƙarshe na ƙarshe. Yawancin manyan ayyukanta na ƙasa an zana su kuma an rubuta su a ƙarshen karni na 19 ta masu bincike na Cibiyar Smithsonian, amma kuma ya yi amfani da shaida daga kayan tarihi don bayyana al'adunta. Don tallafawa binciken yanki, Keyes ya shirya Binciken Archaeological Survey na Iowa a cikin 1922 kuma ya ƙarfafa kafa a cikin 1951 na Iowa Archaeological Society.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Charles Reuben Keyes a ranar 5 ga Mayu 1871 a Dutsen Vernon, Iowa zuwa Marsden da Martha Keyes. Daga cikin kakanninsa akwai Edmund Rice, Bature ɗan ƙaura zuwa Massachusetts Bay Colony.[1]

Keyes ya halarci Kwalejin Cornell a Dutsen Vernon, Iowa. Ya halarci Jami'ar Harvard don yin Ph.D. a Jamusanci.

## Manazarta
1. Edmund Rice (1638) Association, 2014. Descendants of Edmund Rice 
2. Perry, Michael J. (2009). "Keyes, Charles Reuben". The Biographical Dictionary of Iowa. Iowa City 
3. "Keyes Family Papers, Iowa Women's Archives".
4. University of Iowa Special Collections.
André du Pisani

**André du Pisani,** (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga watan Janairu 1949) masanin kimiyyar siyasar Namibiya ne, marubucin littattafai da labarai da mujallu da yawa, ya rubuta takardun taro da yawa ga SADC, gwamnatin Namibiya da ma'aikatu da yawa, shi malami ne a Sashen Jami'ar Namibiya, a Kimiyyar Siyasa. Du Pisani malami ne a jami'a tun a shekarar 1998.

## Ilimi

Dan asalin garin Windhoek ne ya sami digirinsa na farko a Jami'ar Stellenbosch da ke Afirka ta Kudu a shekarar 1971 kuma ya samu karramawa a fannin siyasa daga Stellenbosch a shekarar 1972. Daga baya ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin siyasa daga Stellenbosch a shekarar 1975. Daga shekarun 1975 zuwa 1976, du Pisani ɗalibi ne mai bincike a Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta London. A shekara ta 1988, ya sami digiri na uku na Ph.D. a siyasa daga Jami'ar Cape Town. Daga shekarun 1995 – 96, ya yi bincike na gaba da digirin digirgir ta hanyar Cibiyar Harkokin Tsaro ta Duniya a Jami'ar Cambridge a Burtaniya.

## Littafi

* Namibia, the Politics of Continuity and Change. Jonathan Ball Publishing. . 

## Manazarta
Meja Mwangi

Meja Mwangi (an haife shi 27 Disamba 1948) marubuci ɗan Kenya ne.  Ya yi aiki a masana'antar fim, ciki har da rubutun allo, mataimakin bayar da umarni, da kuma wasan kwaikwayo .

An haifi Mwangi David Dominic Mwangi a Nanyuki, Kenya, kuma ya yi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta Nanyuki, Kwalejin Kenyatta, kuma a takaice a Jami'ar Leeds .  Daga nan ya yi aiki da Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Faransa yana yin ayyuka marasa kyau da Majalisar Biritaniya da ke Nairobi a matsayin Jami'in Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin kafin ya koma rubuta cikakken lokaci. Ya kasancehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-582-64276-0
Bayan wani lokaci mai tsawo a fagen buga littattafai na Kenya da Afirka, Mwangi ya koma Amurka bayan samun karbuwa a duniya tare da samun lambobin yabo da dama. 

## Kyaututtuka da kyaututtuka

**Ga masu karatu na gaba ɗaya**

Jomo Kenyatta Prize for Literature for Kill Me Quick (1974 - English winner); The Last Plague (2001 - English winner); Boy Gift (2007 - 

English Youth third place); Big Chief (2009 - English Adult Fiction third place).

Lotus Prize for Literature (1978) presented by the Afro-Asian Writers' Association (aka Association of Asian and African Writers)

## Ayyukan adabi

**A Ingilishi**

 Kill Me Quick. East African Ecucational Publishers. 1973. : |work= ignored (help)

 Carcase for Hounds. Peak Library. Heinemann Educational. 1974. ISBN 0-435-90145-1. Adapted for the film "Cry Freedom".[1]
 Taste of Death. Peak Library. Kenya: East African Publishing House. 1975.

 Going Down River Road. Peak Library. Heinemann. 1976. ISBN 978-0435901769.

 Mwangi, Meja (1979). The Bushtrackers. ISBN 0-582-78525-1.
 Mwangi, Meja (1979). The Cockroach Dance. ISBN 0-582-64276-0.

 Bread of Sorrow. 1987.

 The Return of Shaka. 1989.

 Mwangi, Meja (1989). Weapon of Hunger. ISBN 9966-49-813-3.
 Jimi the Dog. 1990.

 Striving for the Wind. Peak Library. Heinemann International Literature. 1992. ISBN 978-0435909796.

 The Hunter's Dream. United Kingdom: Macmillan Education. 1994. ISBN 978-0333580028.

 The Last Plague (Vitabu Vya Nyota Series, 2). Peak Library. East African Educational Publisher. 1997. ISBN 978-9966250827.

 Mountain of Bones. 2001.

 The Boy Gift. HM Books. 2006. ISBN 978-1-84728-471-6.

 The Mzungu Boy. Canada: Groundwood Books. 2006. ISBN 978-0888996640.

 Mwangi, Meja (2007). Mama Dudu, the Insect Woman. ISBN 978-1-84728-468-6.

 Baba Pesa. HM Books Intl. 2007. ISBN 978-0-9796476-1-1.
 Mwangi, Meja (2007). The Big Chiefs. ISBN 978-0-9796476-3-5.
 Mwangi, Meja (2007). Gun Runner. ISBN 978-0-9796476-0-4.

 Free?: Stories Celebrating Human Rights. Walker. 2009. ISBN 978-1406318302.

 Rafiki - Man Guitar. HM Books Intl. 2013.
 Christmas Without Tusker. HM Books. 2015. ISBN 978-0-982012680.
Nico Horn

**Johannes Nicolaas Horn** farfesa ne na ƙasar Namibiya kan 'yancin ɗan adam da Dokar Tsarin Mulki a Jami'ar Namibia (UNAM) tun daga shekarar 2002. Ya yi digirin digirgir a fannin ilimin tauhidi da shari'a, kuma ya kasance mai bayar da shawara a ofishin mai gabatar da kara, kuma mai gabatar da kara a babbar kotun Namibiya. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Daraktan UNAM na Cibiyar Kare Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam da Takardun Takaddun Labarai, da Shugaban Jami’ar Shari’a daga shekarun 2008 zuwa 2010 sannan kuma ya yi aiki a Majalisar Mulki ta UNAM.  Nico Horn shi ne editan kafa kuma mai kula da kafa na *[[Namibia Law Journal]]* kuma shugaban kwamitin amintattu na *[[SADC Law Journal|Sashen Shari'a na SADC]]*. Ya kuma kasance Fasto na cocin Pentikostal a Afirka ta Kudu.

Horn shine wanda aka zaɓa a kwamitin  Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta kare hakkin ɗan Adam. 

## Ilimi
Horn ya sami digirin digirgir a fannin ilimin tauhidi daga Jami'ar Western Cape, likitan shari'a daga Jami'ar Bremen da ke Jamus, Master of Arts (cum laude) daga Jami'ar Port Elizabeth, Jagoran Shari'a daga Jami'ar Afirka ta Kudu, a Baccalaureus Procurationis (Afirka ta Kudu) daga Jami'ar Rand Afrikaans (yanzu Jami'ar Johannesburg), da digiri a fannin Tauhidi daga Jami'ar Afirka ta Kudu (UNISA). An shigar da shi lauya a Babban Kotun Namibiya.    Ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan jarida mai ba da labarun juriya na ɗalibai a kan wariyar launin fata a Soweto, Johannesburg a Afirka ta Kudu.

## Littattafai

* An wallafa Nico Horn da kyau a fagen Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam, Dokokin Duniya, Dokokin Tsarin Mulki, da Tiyolojin Pentikostal.
* A shekara ta 2008, ya kasance babban editan littattafai guda uku; ciki har da ayyuka a kan 'yancin kai na shari'a da sharhi kan sabuwar Dokar Tsarin Laifukan Namibiya.

## Manazarta
Donton Samuel Mkandawire

**Donton Samuel Mkandawire** (ya mutu 24 Disamba 2011) ɗan siyasan Malawi ne, malami, jami'in diflomasiyya, kuma tsohon Ministan Ilimi kuma ɗan majalisa mai wakiltar Mzimba ta tsakiya a gundumar Mzimba.
  

Ya yi karatun Digiri na farko na Ilimi a Kwalejin Methodist Kingswood a Jami'ar Western Australia a ƙarƙashin tallafin karatu na jihar Nyasaland.   A matsayinsa na malami, ya yi aiki a matsayin farfesa a Jami'ar Namibiya.  Mkandawire ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Hukumar Jarrabawar Malawi (Maneb) da Cibiyar Ilimi ta Malawi.   A shekarar 1988, an samu wata badakala a Maneb inda aka cire wasu ’yan Arewa 10 bisa zarginsu da haɗa baki wajen yin tasiri a jarrabawar makarantar Malawi tare da Mkandawire wanda shi ne shugaban hukumar da kuma daga yankin Arewa.  Babu wata shaida a kan wannan zargi, amma 'yan Arewan ba su kasance a cikin hukumar Maneb ba shekaru da yawa bayan haka.  An ba wa Mkandawire muƙamin diflomasiyya a Kenya a lokaci guda, amma bai karɓi wannan muƙamin ba amma ya gudu daga ƙasar. 

Mkandawire ya kasance dan jam’iyyar United Democratic Front (UDF) a karkashin gwamnatin Bakili Muluzi.  Ya kuma kasance Ministan Ilimi.  A cikin shekarar 2009, ya sauya sheka zuwa Jam'iyyar Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) kuma ya zama Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa na Majalisar Birnin Lilongwe. Daga baya ya tsaya takara ya lashe kujerar ɗan majalisa a Mzimba. Ya mutu a ranar 24 ga watan Disamba 2011 a asibitin Mwaiwathu da ke Blantyre daga cutar kansa. 

## Littattafai

* Application of a decision theory model to evaluate selection tests, 1975 

## Manazarta
Ahmed Ismail Samatar

**Ahmed Ismail Samatar** ( Somali, Larabci: أحمد إسماعيل سمتر‎ ) marubuci ɗan ƙasar Somaliya ne, farfesa kuma tsohon shugaban Cibiyar Jama'ar Duniya a Kwalejin Macalester .  Shi ne editan Bildhaan: Jarida na Ƙasashen Duniya na Nazarin Somaliya, kuma ɗan'uwan Abdi Ismail Samatar, shugaban sashen nazarin ƙasa a Jami'ar Minnesota . Samatar ya shiga jam'iyyar Peace, Unity, and Development Party, jam'iyya mai mulki ta Jamhuriyar Somaliland a watan Yunin 2016. Ana kyautata zaton Samatar zai iya tsayawa takarar shugaban kasa a Somaliland a 2022. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa

Ahmed Ismail Samatar haifaffen garin Gabiley ne kuma ya girma a kasar Somaliland . Dan uwa ne ga malami kuma dan siyasa Abdi Ismail Samatar .  Mahaifinsa Ismail Samatar Mohamed (Dheere) hamshakin dan kasuwa ne kuma dattijon gargajiya, kuma mahaifiyarsa Haliimo Abdilaahi Kahin kanwa ce ga marigayi dan kasuwar kofi Mohamed Abdillahi Ogsaday.

Samatar ya fara karatun Islamiyya (mal'amad qur'an) tun yana karami. Malamin Alkur'ani na farko shi ne Ma'alin Hassan Fahiye. A shekarar 1952, shi ne dalibi na farko da ya shiga makarantar firamare/matsakaici ta farko ta Gabilay, inda ya kammala karatunsa na karama. Makarantunsa na tsakiya da na sakandire na Amoud Intermediate and Agricultural secondary school.

Samatar ya yi karatu a jami'o'i da kwalejoji da dama da suka hada da Cornell, Harvard, Iowa, London School of Economics and Political Science, Somali National University, Toronto University, University of Amsterdam, York University, University of Otago, University of Hargeisa and Wellesley College . Kwarewarsa ta shafi tattalin arzikin duniya, tunanin siyasa da zamantakewa, da kuma harkokin Somaliya. Shi ne marubucin / editan littattafai biyar kuma sama da labarai talatin.

Bincikensa na yanzu yana kan hanyoyi guda biyu: haɗin gwiwar littattafai guda biyu akan jagoranci da ƙwarewar Somaliya; da dunkulewar duniya da bunkasar wayewar Musulunci. Tun 1994, Samatar yana koyarwa a Kwalejin Macalester, inda shi ne Farfesa James Wallace kuma shugaban Cibiyar 'Yan Kasa ta Duniya mai ritaya.

 

## Manazarta
Aklilu Lemma

**Aklilu Lemma** an haifeshi a 18 Satumba na shekarar 1935 - ya mutu a 5 Afrilu, na shekarar 1997, ma nazarcin cututtuka da rauni ne wanda ake masu lakani da turanci (Pathology).  A cikin 1989, an ba shi lambar yabo ta Right Livelihood Award "saboda ganowa da yin kamfen ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba don rigakafi mai araha a kan bilharzia." 

## Ilimi
Lemma ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Jami'ar Addis Ababa da Jami'ar Johns Hopkins da ke Amurka  inda ya samu digirin digirgir na D.Sc. a shekarar 1964. Kundin karatunsa ya kasance akan leishmaniasis wanda ke haifar da yashi.

## Sana`a
Bayan kammala karatun digirinsa, Lemma ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa, Habasha, inda ya sami matsayi a jami'ar Haile Selassie I na lokacin. Ya kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Halittu, wanda a yanzu ake kira Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology,  kuma ya koyar a can har zuwa 1976, lokacin da ya bar ta don aiki a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya . Ya yi hidima ga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a fannoni da dama a matsayin masanin kimiya, ya zama Mataimakin Darakta na Cibiyar Raya Yara ta Duniya ta UNICEF, wadda a yanzu aka fi sani da Cibiyar Bincike ta Innocenti ta UNICEF  kuma a karshe ya samu matsayi a makarantarsa, Jami'ar Johns Hopkins .

Ya fara binciken kimiyya mafi mahimmanci a farkon aikinsa, a cikin 1964, lokacin da ya gano maganin dabi'a ga schistosomiasis,  wanda aka fi sani da cutar zazzabin katantanwa ko bilharzia, cuta mai raɗaɗi da ƙwayar tsutsotsi Schistosomoma ta haifar, wanda ke yaduwa. ta ruwan katantanwa . Ya gano cewa berries daga shukar endod, wanda aka saba amfani da shi don yin sabulu da shamfu a yawancin sassan Afirka, yana da ƙarfi, mara tsada kuma mai lafiya molluscicide, don hana yaduwar tsutsar tsutsa.     Wannan binciken ya sanya shukar ta zama abin binciken kimiyya a sassa da dama na duniya. Shi kansa Lemma shi ne kan gaba wajen gudanar da wannan bincike Aikin nasa ya samu karbuwa a duniya, wanda hakan ya kai ga samun kyautuka daban-daban ciki har da digirin girmamawa na digiri na uku.  Kyauta mafi daraja ita ce wadda ya ci tare da abokin bincikensa, Dokta Legesse Wolde-Yohannes a watan Nuwamba 1989 - Kyautar Rayuwa ta Dama na Sweden, wanda aka fi sani da Madadin Nobel Prize. 

Ya mutu a Amurka a ranar 5 ga Afrilu 1997 kuma an binne shi a Habasha, ranar 13 ga Afrilu. 

## Kyaututuka
Right Livelihood Award (1989)

## Manazarta
Shandon Baptiste

**Shandon Baptiste** Shandon Harkeem Baptiste (an haife shi 8 Afrilu 1998) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Grenadiya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na ƙungiyar Premier League Brentford.
 

## Manazarta
Vitaly Janelt

**Vitaly Janelt** (an haife shi 10 ga Mayu 1998) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Jamus wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida don ƙungiyar Premier League Brentford.  

## Manazarta
Rebecca Ndjoze-Ojo

**Rebecca Kapitire "Becky" Ndjoze-Ojo** (an haife ta 18 Maris 1956) 'yar siyasa ce ta Namibiya kuma malama a fannin ilimi. Mamba ce ta SWAPO, Ndjoze-Ojo 'yar majalisar wakilai ce kuma ta kasance mataimakiyar ministan ilimi mai zurfi (Minister of Higher education) daga shekarun 2005 zuwa 2010.

## Sana'a
An haifi Njjoze-Ojo a ranar 18 ga watan Maris 1956 a  Windhoek Old Location. Ta halarci Kwalejin Horo na  Augustineum kuma ta sami horon zama malama a Jami'ar Ulster, United Kingdom. Ta kammala karatu tare da B.Ed. da B.Ed.  (Honours). Ndjoze-Ojo ta ci gaba da samun digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin harsuna daga Jami'ar Durham da kuma digiri na uku a fannin harshen Ingilishi daga Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello da ke Najeriya. 

Daga shekarun 1978 zuwa 1986, Ndjoze-Ojo ta koyar a manyan makarantu daban-daban a cikin garin Windhoek na baki da launin fata na Katutura da Khomasdal. Ta bar Namibiya a shekarar 1986, ta tafi Najeriya, inda ta yi karatu da koyarwa a Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello da ke Zariya. Ta koma Namibiya a shekara ta 1996 kuma ta fara aiki da sashen yare  a Jami'ar Namibia. Kwararriya ce kan manufofin harshe, ta inganta amfani da harsunan Namibiya a fannin ilimi.

Kafin zaɓen 2004, an saka Ndjoze-Ojo cikin jerin zaɓukan jam'iyyar SWAPO mai mulki. SWAPO ta samu kujeru 55 cikin 72 kuma ba ta shiga majalisar dokokin ƙasar ba. Daga baya shugaba Hifikepunye Pohamba ya naɗa ta a matsayin mataimakiyar ministar ilimi mai zurfi. Ta yi cikakken wa'adi har zuwa shekara ta 2010 sannan ta zama shugabar Kwalejin St. Paul, da makarantar Roman Katolika mai zaman kanta a Windhoek.  

Ndjoze-Ojo ta sake shiga majalisar a shekarar 2013 a jerin jam’iyyar SWAPO.

## Manazarta
Kenneth Matengu

**Kenneth Kamwi Matengu** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1978, a Katima Mulilo, Namibia) farfesa ne na ƙasar Namibiya kuma mataimakin shugaban jami'ar Namibia tun daga shekarar 2018, bayan ya maye gurɓin Farfesa Lazarus Hangula mai ritaya a watan Agusta 2018. Ya kasance Pro-Vice Chancellor for Research, Innovation and Resources Mobilization a Jami'ar Namibia daga shekarun 2016, zuwa 2018.   A ranar 29, ga watan Yuni 2018, an naɗa Matengu a matsayin mataimakin shugaban jami'ar Namibia na uku ya zama mafi karancin shekaru da ya karɓi muƙamin.     

## Ilimi.
Matengu ya yi makarantar sakandare a Caprivi Senior Secondary. Yana da Certificate in International Relations daga Jami'ar Tampere, Digiri na farko a Geography da Sociology daga Jami'ar Namibia, da Dakta na Falsafa, Ph.D (exemia cum laude) a  Innovation Diffusion and Development daga Jami'ar Gabashin Finland. Ya wallafa muƙaloli bita na  guda 50, littattafai da surori na littattafai, da kuma takaddun taro na duniya.   

## Manazarta.
Haile Debas

**Haile Debas** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1937, Asmara  ) likitan ɗan ƙasar Eritrea ne kuma mai kula da ilimi a Jami'ar California, San Francisco

## Rayuwa
An haifi Haile T. Debas a birnin Asmara na kasar Eritrea a shekara ta 1937. Bayan kammala karatun digiri na farko a Kwalejin Jami'ar Addis Ababa, ya sami MD daga Jami'ar McGill a 1963, kuma ya kammala horon aikin tiyata a Jami'ar British Columbia . Horarwar karatunsa na gaba ya haɗa da shekara guda a matsayin abokin bincike a Jami'ar Glasgow / Western Infirmary a Scotland, da shekaru biyu a UCLA a matsayin Masanin Majalisar Binciken Kiwon Lafiya a cikin ilimin halittar jiki.

Bayan shekara guda yana aikin sirri a cikin Yukon Territories da British Columbia, ya shiga sashin tiyata na Jami'ar British Columbia a cikin 1970. Ya kasance a can har zuwa 1980, sannan ya yi aiki a tsangayar UCLA (1980-1985) da Jami'ar Washington (1985-1987).

A cikin 1987, Debas ya zo UCSF a matsayin shugaban Sashen tiyata. A lokacin aikinsa, UCSF ta zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin aikin tiyata na ƙasa, horar da likitocin matasa, da bincike na asali da na asibiti a fannin tiyata. Debas ya sami amincewar ƙasa a matsayin mai binciken gastrointestinal kuma ya ba da gudummawa ta asali ga ilimin halittar jiki, nazarin halittu, da ilimin halittar jiki na hormones peptide na ciki.

Debas ya yi aiki a matsayin Dean na Makarantar Magunguna ta UCSF daga 1993-2003. A karkashin jagorancinsa, Makarantar ta zama abin koyi na ilimin likitanci na ƙasa, nasara wanda aka ba shi lambar yabo ta 2004 Abraham Flexner na AAMC. Manyan tsare-tsare sun haɗa da samar da cibiyoyi masu inganci da dama na ƙungiyoyi, haɓaka Cibiyar Nazarin AIDS ta UCSF, sake fasalin Shirin Tsarin Halittar ɗan Adam na UCSF, da kuma muhimman canje-canje a cikin tsarin karatun makarantar likitanci.

Debas ya rike mukaman jagoranci tare da kungiyoyi masu yawa da ƙungiyoyi masu sana'a. Shi ɗan'uwa ne na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka kuma memba na Cibiyar Magunguna . A halin yanzu yana aiki a Hukumar Kula da Cutar Kanjamau da Kanjamau ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Afirka da Kwamitin Kimiyya, Injiniya, da Manufofin Jama'a na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa.

## Manazarta
Ben Mee

**Ben Mee** Benjamin Thomas Mee (an haife shi 21 Satumba 1989) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin tsakiya don ƙungiyar Premier League Brentford.

## Manazarta
Didas Kayihura Muganga

**Kayihura Muganga Didace** lauya ne ɗan ƙasar Rwanda kuma masani. Tun daga watan Yuli 2022, yana aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Ruwanda.  

## Ilimi
Kayihura Muganga Didace ya karanci shari'a a tsohuwar jami'ar ƙasar Rwanda. Yana da digiri na biyu a fannin shari'ar kasuwanci ta duniya daga Jami'ar Utrecht.  A shekarar 2015, ya kammala digirin digirgir (Ph.D). daga Jami'ar Utrecht. Ph.D. bincike mai suna  (Corporate Governance and the liability of Corporate Directors: The case of Rwanda).

## Sana'a
Kayihura shi ne tsohon shugaban riko na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyyar Jama'a ta Jami'ar Rwanda (CASS). Ya yi aiki a matsayin Rector na Institute for Legal Practice and Development (ILPD) daga shekarun 2016 zuwa 2017. Bugu da kari, Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban tsangayar shari'a ta Jami'ar Ƙasa ta Ruwanda (UR) (2007-2009).  

Bugu da kari, Kayihura shi ma mai sharhi ne kan harkokin shari'a kuma mai yin shawarwari.

## Manazarta