open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Michael Bonallack

**Sir Michael Francis Bonallack**, OBE (31 Disamba 1934 - 26 Satumba 2023) ya kasance ɗan wasan golf na Ingila wanda ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu gudanarwa a wasan golf na duniya a ƙarshen karni na 20. 

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Bonallack a Chigwell, Essex . Ya koyi wasan golf a karkashin jagorancin babban kwararre Bert Hodson a Chigwell  kuma nan da nan ya lashe gasar zakarun Boys Amateur a shekarar 1952. 

## Ayyukan golf
Misali mai ban sha'awa na fitaccen ɗan wasan golf wanda ya kasance mai son a zamanin da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun wasan suka zama masu ƙarfi, ya ci gaba da lashe gasar zakarun Amateur da Ingila Amateur sau biyar kowannensu da kuma Brabazon Trophy sau hudu. Ya kasance memba na kungiyoyi tara na Walker Cup kuma ya taka leda a Eisenhower Trophy sau bakwai. Mafi kyawunsa a Gasar Open Championship shine na goma sha ɗaya a shekarar 1959. Ya kasance babban mai son a Open a shekarar 1968 da 1971.

## Haɗin kai
Bonallack ya kasance Sakataren Royal da Ancient Golf Club na St Andrews daga 1983 zuwa 1999 kuma Kyaftin daga 1999 zuwa 2000. Ya kuma kasance Shugaban kungiyar Manajojin Golf Club (1974-84), Shugaban PGA na Burtaniya da Ireland (1976-81), Shugaban Gidauniyar Golf (1977-82), da Shugaban Ƙungiyar Golf ta Ingila (1982).

Bonallack ya kasance shugaban kungiyar 'yan wasan golf ta Burtaniya da ta kasa da kasa (BIGGA) kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban kungiyar 'Yan wasan golf guda daya, kungiyar 'yan wasa masu sana'a ta Turai kuma a matsayin shugaban kwamitin ba da shawara ga Official World Golf Rankings .  Ya kuma kasance shugaban kungiyar National Association of Public and Proprietary Golf Courses (NAPGC).

## Kyaututtuka, girmamawa, da nasarorin

* 1968 Kyautar Ƙungiyar Marubutan Golf ta Burtaniya
* An nada Bonallack a matsayin Jami'in Order of the British Empire (OBE) don hidimomi ga golf a cikin 1971 New Year Honours 
* An ba da Bonallack lambar yabo a cikin girmamawar ranar haihuwar 1998, kuma don hidimomi ga golf  
* A shekara ta 1972, an zabe shi lambar yabo ta Bob Jones, babbar girmamawa da Ƙungiyar Golf ta Amurka ta bayar don nuna godiya ga ƙwarewar wasanni a golf
* Ya kasance memba na Augusta National Golf Club 
* 1991 American Society of Golf Course Architects Donald Ross award
* 1999 Gasar Golf ta Mutanen Espanya Medal of Honor
* 2000 Jamhuriyar Czech Golf Shield of Honor
* 2000 Kyautar Sabis ta Rayuwa ta Ƙungiyar Golf ta Metropolitan
* Ya sami girmamawa da yawa daga kungiyoyin golf a duniya wanda ya kai ga shigar da shi cikin Hall of Fame na Golf na Duniya a shekara ta 2000
Terry Kirkman

**Terry Robert Kirkman** (12 ga Disamba, 1939 - 23 ga Satumba, 2023) ya kasance mawaƙi ne na Amurka, marubucin waƙa, kuma mawaƙi wanda aka fi sani da mai ba da murya da kuma mai amfani da kayan kida da yawa ga Ƙungiyar pop The Association da marubucin waƙoƙin da suka buga waƙoƙi kamar "Cherish", "Everything That Touches You", da kuma "Six Man Band". A matsayinsa na memba na The Association, an shigar da shi cikin Hall of Fame na Vocal Group a shekara ta 2003.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Terry Robert Kirkman a Salina, Kansas, a ranar 12 ga Disamba, 1939, kuma an haife shi a Chino, California. Iyayensa dukansu suna da tarihin kiɗa. Mahaifinsa Gordon ya yi aiki a cikin ƙungiyoyi a matsayin mai kunna saxophone na soprano da mawaƙa, kuma mahaifiyarsa Lois ta buga organ da Piano a coci da kuma a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na fim. Ya fara koyon yadda ake kunna kayan tagulla tun yana yaro, a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu.   Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Chino a shekara ta 1957, ya halarci Kwalejin Chaffey a matsayin babban malamin kiɗa. Ya sadu da Frank Zappa a kwaleji kuma sun yi aiki tare a Gidajen kofi na gida daga 1959 zuwa 1961.  

## Ƙungiyar
A matsayinsa na mai siyarwa da ya ziyarci Hawaii a 1962, Kirkman ya sadu da Jules Alexander, wanda ke cikin Sojojin Ruwa na Amurka a lokacin, kuma biyun sun yanke shawarar saduwa lokacin da za a sallami Alexander daga aikin soja.

Kirkman ya koma Los Angeles tare da Alexander a 1963. Kirkman da Alexander sun kafa ƙungiyar mutane Inner Tubes, wanda a wani lokaci ya haɗa da Cass Elliot da David Crosby . Inner Tubes sannu a hankali ya girma daga ƙaramin rukuni zuwa ƙungiyar 13 da ake kira Men.

Maza sun rabu a watan Fabrairun 1965 kuma Kirkman da wasu mambobi biyar sun kafa nasu ƙungiyar. Don neman sabon suna, sun karanta ƙamus kuma sun zaɓi "Ƙungiyar" bayan budurwar Kirkman ta ba da shawarar. Kungiyar nan da nan ta sami shahara tare da waƙoƙin su "Cherish" da "Along Comes Mary" daga kundi na farko na 1966 And Then... *Tare da Ƙungiyar ta zo.*

A cikin 1966, an saki tarin waƙoƙi da mambobi shida na kungiyar suka rubuta a matsayin littafin Crank Your Spreaders, an sake buga wannan a watan Agusta 1969

Kirkman ya ba da gudummawa ga waƙoƙi da yawa, ciki har da "Babu Ƙaunar Ni", "Ƙaunar", da kuma "Duk abin da ya taɓa ka". Ya yi tare da ƙungiyar a bikin Monterey Pop a shekarar 1967.  "Requiem for the Masses", waƙar da aka rubuta game da yaƙi a Vietnam, ta ƙunshi muryoyin salon requiem.

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Yankin Katolika ta MacKillop

**Kwalejin Yankin Katolika ta MacKillop** makaranta ce ta Katolika da ke Werribee, Victoria, Ostiraliya. Tana da alaƙa mai ƙarfi da ' yan'uwan Josephite, waɗanda Mary MacKillop ta kafa. An kafa kwalejin a matsayin Kwalejin 'Yan Mata ta Mary McKillop a shekarar 1970, tana ba da ilimin sakandare ga ɗaliban mata a Aji 7, 8 da 9. Yayin da buƙatar ilimin sakandare ke ƙaruwa a yankin, Kwalejin ta faɗaɗa don ɗaukar nauyin ɗalibai maza da mata daga Aji 7 zuwa 12 kuma ta canza sunanta don nuna waɗannan canje-canje. A shekarar 2022, MacKillop ta cika shekaru 50 da cika shekaru, duk da haka an rage bukukuwan saboda annobar COVID-19. 

## Manhaja ta Manhaja
Ɗaliban manyan makarantu za su iya yin karatun digiri na uku a fannin Takardar Shaidar Ilimi ta Victoria (VCE), da kuma darussan koyar da sana'o'i, da kuma kwasa -kwasan takardar shaidar koyon aiki ta Victoria (VCAL). Kwalejin tana ba da shirye-shiryen VCE masu sassauci tare da ɗaliban da za su iya yin digiri na farko a fannin VCE daga aji na 10 da kuma yin karatun darussan jami'a na shekarar farko a aji na 12.[1]

## Manhajar haɗin gwiwa
Shirin haɗin gwiwa na Kwalejin Yankin Katolika ta MacKillop ya haɗa da wasannin tennis, ninkaya da wasannin motsa jiki, gasannin da suka dogara da fannoni daban-daban da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na shekara-shekara. Kwalejin memba ce ta Ƙungiyar Wasanni ta Makarantun Sakandare na Katolika (SACCSS), Ƙungiyar Wasannin Makarantun Sakandare na Victorian da Makarantun Katolika, inda ɗalibai ke shiga gasa daban-daban na wasanni. Kwalejin kuma tana ba da kuɗin koyarwa a fannin waƙa da kayan kida daban-daban, kuma ɗalibai suna da damar yin jarrabawa tare da Hukumar Jarrabawar Kiɗa ta Australiya. 

Gidaje huɗu da launukan da ke da alaƙa da su sune:

* Chisolm (kore)
* Flinders (shuɗi)
* Knox (rawaya)
* Dafa (ja)

## Manazarta
Kwalejin St Aloysius (Melbourne)

**Kwalejin St Aloysius** makaranta ce ta kwana ɗaya ta Roman Katolika, wacce ke da alaƙa da cocin Roman Katolika a Arewacin Melbourne, Victoria, Ostiraliya. Sisters of Mercy ne suka kafa ta a shekarar 1887. An sanya wa kwalejin suna bayan waliyyinta - Aloysius Gonzaga. Gidaje huɗu na kwalejin sune McAuley (shuɗi), Fallon (zinariya), Verdon (kore) da Scully (ja).

## Canji zuwa Ilimi na Haɗin gwiwa
A shekarar 2020, Makarantar ta sanar da cewa za ta fara koyar da yara maza a shekarar 2023, inda za a fara azuzuwan farko na yara maza daga ƙungiyar Aji 7 a shekarar 2023.   Za a ci gaba da ɗaukar ɗaliban da suka kammala karatunsu a aji 7 har sai an kammala karatunsu a shekarar 2028. Aji 7 na shekarar 2022 da sauran ɗaliban da suka gabata za su ci gaba da zama 'yan mata.

## Manhaja ta Manhaja
Kwalejin St Aloysius tana ba wa ɗalibanta takardar shaidar ilimi ta Victorian (VCE). An san Kwalejin da kyawunta a fannin ilimi, tare da sanannen shirin STEM da kuma amfani da shirin tunani na Jami'ar Stanford. Dalibai a St Aloysius suna da damar yin karatun Faransanci, Jafananci da Italiyanci, kuma Kwalejin tana da makarantu masu alaƙa a Geneva, Tokyo da Milan.

A shekarar 2021, Kwalejin St Aloysius ta sami kyautar The Age 's *Schools That Excel* Award ga ɗaliban yamma.

Bayan manyan manhajoji, ɗalibai suna da zaɓi na shiga cikin damammaki da shirye-shirye na Fasahar Kirkire-kirkire da Wasan Kwaikwayo, kulab ɗin dara da kuma yin gasa da ɗalibai daga wasu makarantu a Gasar Ƙungiyar Masu Hulɗa ta Victoria (DAV).

## Wasanni
Kwalejin St Aloysius memba ce ta Ƙungiyar Makarantun Haɗaka (ACS), gasar mako-mako da ake yi da sauran makarantun Haɗakaka na Katolika da na 'Yancin Kai a Melbourne. Kwalejin abokin tarayya ne na Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Arewa Melbourne .

## Fitattun tsofaffin ɗalibai

* Lily D'Ambrosio, 'yar siyasa
* Moira Kelly, Jinƙai
* Debbie Lee, ɗan wasa

## Manazarta
Kwalejin 'yan mata na Zuciya Mai Tsarki

**Kwalejin 'Yan Mata ta Sacred Heart** ( **SHGC** ) makaranta ce mai zaman kanta ta Roman Katolika ga 'yan mata daga shekara 7 zuwa 12 da ke cikin yankin kudu maso gabashin Melbourne na Oakleigh, a Victoria, Ostiraliya. An buɗe ta a shekarar 1957 ta ƙungiyar Sisters of Our Lady of the Missions. Kwalejin tana ɗauke da ɗalibai kusan 1000.

Makarantar tana da alaƙa da Ƙungiyar Makarantun 'Yan Mata ta Australasia (AGSA), da kuma Ƙungiyar Wasannin Kudu maso Gabashin (SESG) da Ƙungiyar Wasannin Katolika ta Secondary (SCSA).

Makarantar tana bayar da Takardar Shaidar Ilimi ta Victoria (VCE), kuma tana cikin manyan makarantu 100 a Victoria don VCE, da kuma manyan makarantun Katolika 10 a Victoria don VCE .

## Tarihi
An kafa Kwalejin 'Yan Mata ta Sacred Heart ta hannun Sisters of Our Lady of the Missions a shekarar 1957. A shekarar 2017, makarantar ta yi bikin cika shekaru 60 da kafuwa. [1] A shekarar 2022, makarantar ta yi bikin cika shekaru 65 na ilmantar da matasa mata a harabar Warrigal Road da suke a yanzu.

## Malamai
Makarantar tana ɗaya daga cikin makarantu 100 da ake da su a Ostiraliya da ke koyar da harshen Indonesiya a matsayin harshe na biyu.  

## Ƙungiyoyin gida
Gasar tsakanin gidaje ta kasance muhimmin ɓangare na ƙa'idodin Kwalejin. Gidaje huɗu masu launuka masu alaƙa da su sune:

## Manazarta
Buddy Teevens

**Eugene Francis** "Buddy" Teevens III (1 ga Oktoba, 1956 - 19 ga Satumba, 2023) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne kuma kocin kwalejin Amurka. Ya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida a Kwalejin Dartmouth, inda daga baya ya zama babban kocin daga 1987 zuwa 1991 kuma daga 2005 har zuwa mutuwarsa. Ya kuma yi **Aboki** a matsayin babban kocin kwallon kafa a Jami'ar Maine (1985-1986), Jami'ar Tulane (1992-1996), da Jami'ar Stanford (2002-2004). A lokacin aikin horar da shi, an san Teevens da goyon baya da kokarinsa na yin wasanni mafi aminci.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haife shi a Pembroke, Massachusetts, Teevens ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Silver Lake a Kingston, Massachusetts da Deerfield Academy .  Ya halarci kwaleji a Dartmouth inda ya kasance memba na Beta Theta Pi kuma ya buga wasan kwata-kwata a can daga 1975 zuwa 1978. Ya kasance madadin Kevin Case, wanda ya lashe Dartmouth MVP a shekarar 1976. Ya kasance mai tsaron gida na kungiyar Big Green wacce ta lashe lambar yabo ta Ivy League a shekarar 1978.  Ya kasance mai daraja da aka ambaci All-America a wannan shekarar.

Teevens kuma ya buga wasan hockey yayin da yake a Dartmouth; a cikin babban shekara ta Teevens, ƙungiyar hockey ta kammala ta uku a gasar NCAA Men's Ice Hockey Championship .  Ya kammala karatu daga Dartmouth a 1979 tare da A.B. a tarihi. Teevens ya kasance memba na Sphinx Senior Society yayin da yake Dartmouth . 

## Ayyukan horarwa

### Matsayi na farko
Ayyukan kocin farko na Teevens shine a matsayin kocin masu gudu a Jami'ar DePauw daga 1979 zuwa 1980.  Ya kasance mai kula da hare-hare a Jami'ar Boston daga 1981 zuwa 1984.

Daga 1985 zuwa 1986, ya kasance babban kocin a Jami'ar Maine .  Yana da tarihin 13-9 a can.

### Dartmouth
Shirin farko na Teevens tare da Big Green, daga 1987 zuwa 1991, ya nuna yanayin hawa. Farawa tare da rikodin 2-8, Dartmouth sannan yana da shekaru masu zuwa na 5-5 da 7-2-1. A cikin 1990 da 1991, Dartmouth ta lashe gasar Ivy League.

### Tulane
Bayan aikinsa na farko na kocin a Dartmouth, Teevens ya kasance kocin a Jami'ar Tulane daga 1992 zuwa 1996.  Duk da yake yana da rikodin 11-45 a cikin shekaru biyar a Tulane, ya dauki yawancin 'yan wasan a cikin tawagar 1998 wanda ya tafi 12-0 .

### Komawa ga mataimakin kocin
Tsakanin shekara ta 1997 zuwa 1998, Teevens ya kasance mai kula da kai hare-hare kuma mai karɓar karɓa a Jami'ar Illinois a Urbana-Champaign ga kocin Ron Turner .

A shekara ta 1999, Teevens ya kasance kocin masu gudu a Jami'ar Florida .  A shekara ta gaba, ya horar da wasan da ya wuce, masu karɓar karɓa, ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadadden ƙayyadamuran ƙayyadatattun ƙayyadyadaddun. Ya horar da tsananin tsananin a shekara ta 2001 tare da kasancewa mataimakin mai kula da hare-hare. A cikin shekaru uku da ya yi a Florida, ya horar da Steve Spurrier . 

## Manazarta
Makarantar Sacré Cœur

**Sacré Cœur** makarantar kwana ce ta Roman Katolika, mai zaman kanta, ga 'yan mata, wacce ke Glen Iris, wani yanki na kudu maso gabashin Melbourne, Victoria, Ostiraliya.

An kafa makarantar a shekarar 1888, tana kula da ɗalibai sama da 700 daga shirin zuwa aji na 12 kuma tana da manufar shiga jami'a.  Tana bayar da Takardar Shaidar Ilimi ta Victoria (VCE). Sacré Cœur memba ce ta 'Yan Matan Wasannin Victoria (GSV), Ƙungiyar Shugabannin Makarantu ta Ƙaramin Ostiraliya  da Ƙungiyar Shugabannin Makarantu Masu Zaman Kansu na Ostiraliya (AHISA)  Wani ɓangare ne na cibiyar sadarwa ta duniya ta makarantun Sacré Cœur.

## Tarihi
An kafa Makarantar ne ta hannun ƙungiyar mata masu zaman kansu ta Faransa, wato Society of the Sacred Heart (RSCJ) a shekarar 1888.

Sacré Cœur, ya samo asali ne daga hangen Madeleine Sophie Barat, wacce ta kafa Society of the Sacred Heart a Paris a shekarar 1800. Ta girma a lokacin juyin juya halin Faransa a ƙaramin garin Joigny mai nisan mil 80 kudu da Paris, Sophie ta ji kira mai ƙarfi ga rayuwar addini tun tana ƙarama. Duk da cewa sha'awarta ta kasance ga rayuwa mai zurfin tunani, tunaninta ya kai ta ga fahimtar cewa ilimi bisa ƙa'idodin Kirista yana da mahimmanci ga al'umma mai adalci ta fito daga juyin juya halin.

Da yake tana da ilimin gargajiya mai ƙarfi sosai, ta yi hasashen samun ilimi ga 'yan mata wanda zai haɓaka baiwar kowane ɗalibi sosai, ya shimfida harsashin imani mai ƙarfi, gami da hidimar tausayi ga talakawa, da kuma farkar da ƙishirwa ga koyo na tsawon rai.

## Gidaje
Akwai Gidaje guda huɗu, waɗanda aka sanya wa suna bayan wanda ya kafa makarantar St Madeleine Sophie Barat da kuma Mothers Superior na makarantar; Digby, Duschesne, Stuart da Barat. Launin gidaje guda huɗu ja, kore, rawaya da shuɗi ne. Gidajen guda huɗu kowace shekara suna fafatawa a gasa daban-daban na gida. Waɗannan gasannin sun haɗa da Wasannin Gidaje, Wasannin Wanka na Gidaje da kuma bikin Fasaha na Gidaje da kuma tsalle-tsalle a gida.

## Manazarta
William Moriarty

**William** "**Bill**" **Moriarty** (1890 - 14 ga Afrilu, 1936) ya kasance ɗan Kwaminisanci na Kanada kuma Mai adawa da dama. Ya kasance babban sakatare na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Kanada daga 1921 zuwa 1923.

An haifi Moriarty a Landan, Ingila, kuma ya zama dan kungiyar kwadago da ke aiki a matsayin mai hakar ma'adinai a Cornwall, ma'aikacin jirgin ƙasa sannan kuma mai hakar al'adinai. Ya koma Kanada a 1912 kuma ya fara aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin girbi. Ya shiga Jam'iyyar Socialist Party of Canada ya shiga cikin bangaren hagu kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin mambobin da suka kafa Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Kanada kuma an zabe shi a Kwamitin Zartarwa na Tsakiya a taron da aka kafa ta Mayu 1921 kuma shi ne Babban sakatare na farko na Jam'iyyar Ma'aikata ta Kanada wanda shine bangaren shari'a na Jam'ar Kwaminis. Ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan mambobin Jam'iyyar Kwaminis a cikin shekarun 1920 kuma an zabe shi a cikin zartarwa na Kwaminis International a 1925. An kore shi daga jam'iyyar a cikin 1930 a matsayin mai goyon bayan "Hakacin adawa", mai goyon bayan Bukharin, Jay Lovestone na yanzu a cikin Comintern . 

Ya kafa kungiyar Marxian Educational League da ke Toronto wacce reshe ne na Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Lovestone (Opposition) da kuma Jam'iyyar Kaminisanci Ta Duniya. M.E.L. ta haɗa kai da Ontario CCF a 1933. Ya kasance wakilin M.E.L. a taron hadin gwiwar Commonwealth na kasa wanda ya tsara Manifesto na Regina a 1933. Moriarty ya kasance memba na yanayin duniya na Lovestone har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1936. [1]

## Manazarta
Maurice Spector

**Maurice Spector** (Maris 19, 1898 - Agusta 1, 1968) ɗan siyasan Kanada ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Kanada kuma editan jaridarta, The Worker,  don yawancin shekarun 1920. Ya kasance mai bin Leon Trotsky na farko bayan da Trotsky ya rabu da Kwaminisanci na Duniya.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Spector a Daular Rasha kuma ya yi hijira zuwa Kanada tare da iyalinsa tun yana jariri.[1] Ya kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Sarauniya kuma ya yi aiki a fannin shari'a a Toronto lokacin da ba a yi masa aiki a mukamai na siyasa ba.[2]

## Ayyukan siyasa na farko

## Jam'iyyar Ma'aikata ta Kanada
A cikin 1932 ya kafa, tare da Jack MacDonald, Jam'iyyar Ma'aikata ta Kanada . Sabuwar kungiyar ta wakilci sashen farko na Kanada na Jam'iyyar adawa ta Hagu ta Duniya.

## Barin Kanada
Spector ya koma Birnin New York a 1936 kuma ya zama babban memba na ƙungiyar Trotskyist a can. Ya gabatar da Rahoton Kasa da Kasa a taron kafa Jam'iyyar Socialist Workers a ƙarshen 1938 amma ya fice daga jam'iyyar a 1939.  (Ba kamar wasu rahotanni ba, bai shiga cikin muhawara ta 1939-40 tsakanin James Cannon da Max Shachtman ba.) 

## Rayuwa ta baya
Spector ya yi aiki a wani bangare na aikinsa na bayan Trotskyist ta Majalisar Amurka don Yahudanci kuma ya kasance darektan ƙungiyar kwadago ta New York na Kwamitin Ma'aikata na Isra'ila a cikin shekarunsa na baya.

Spector ya mutu a ranar 1 ga Agusta, 1968, yana da shekaru 70. 

## Manazarta
Calgary Kudu maso Yamma

Calgary Southwest wani yanki ne na tarayya a Alberta, 

Kanada, wanda aka wakilta a cikin House of Commons na Kanada daga 1988 zuwa 2015. Gundumar ta kasance a yankin kudu maso yammacin birnin Calgary, kudu da Glenmore Trail da yammacin layin jirgin kasa na Kanada Pacific Kansas City.

Tsohon Firayim Minista Stephen Harper ya wakilci hawa a lokacin jagorancinsa.

## Tarihi
An kirkiro gundumar zabe a cikin 1987 hawa sassan Kogin Bow, Calgary West, Calgaray East, Calgaryan South, da kuma karamin yanki na Calgary Center.

An soke hawa a lokacin sake Rarraba zaben tarayya na Kanada, 2012, 80% a cikin Calgary Heritage da 20% a cikin Calgary Midnapore.

### Yankunan tarihi
 

### 'Yan majalisa
Wannan hawa ya zabi wadannan mambobin House of Commons na Kanada:

### 'Yan majalisa
Dukkanin 'Yan majalisa uku sun kasance sanannun: Bobbie Sparrow ya yi aiki a cikin majalisar ministocin da Kim Campbell ke jagoranta, yayin da Preston Manning ya kasance shugaban jam'iyyar Reform Party of Canada daga 1987 kuma Shugaban Jam'iyyar adawa daga 1997 zuwa 2000. Memba na karshe a cikin tsarin Kudu maso Yamma shine Firayim Minista Stephen Harper, masanin tattalin arziki kuma malami a waje da siyasa.[1] An zabe shi a Calgary Southwest, jim kadan bayan ya zama shugaban Canadian Alliance kuma ta haka ne shugaban adawa, a cikin zaben 2002 da Manning ya yi ritaya. Daga shekara ta 2003, Harper ya kasance shugaban jam'iyyar Conservative Party of Canada, kuma daga shekara ta 2006, Firayim Minista; ya daina kasancewa duka bayan Zaben tarayya na Kanada na 2015.

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin gundumomin zabe na Kanada
* Gundumomin zabe na tarayya na tarihi na Kanada

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Katolika ta Penola

**{**

**Kwalejin Katolika ta Penola** (wanda kuma aka sani da PCC ko kuma kawai Penola ) kwaleji ce ta sakandare mai haɗin gwiwa, wacce ke Melbourne, Victoria, Ostiraliya. Mai kula da kwalejin shine Saint Mary MacKillop . Tana da harabar jami'o'i guda biyu: ɗaya tana Glenroy wanda aka fi sani da harabar ƙaramar makaranta ga ɗaliban Aji 7 da 8; ɗayan kuma, babban harabar jami'a, a Broadmeadows ga ɗaliban Aji 9 zuwa 12.

Kwalejin Katolika ta Penola sakamakon haɗakar makarantun sakandare uku na Katolika a shekarar 1995 - Kwalejin Therry, Kwalejin Geoghegan da Kwalejin Sancta Sophia. Wurin da Kwalejin Therry da Geoghegan ke yanzu shine gidan harabar manyan makarantu na Penola (Shekaru 9-12) wanda ke kan titin Gibson, Broadmeadows. Cibiyar Junior Campus ta Penola (Shekaru 7-8) tana kan wurin da Kwalejin Sancta Sophia ta asali ke a Glenroy.

Kwalejin memba ce ta Ƙungiyar Wasanni ta Makarantun Sakandare na Katolika (SACCSS).

## Alamar kwaleji
Ganye uku suna wakiltar ƙarfin ci gaban ruhaniya, jiki da tunani na membobin al'ummar kwalejin, kuma suna wakiltar Kwalejoji uku waɗanda Kwalejin Katolika ta Penola ta fito daga cikinsu. An wakilta gangar bishiyar da gicciye kuma yana nuna rayuwar Almasihu a matsayin abin koyi ga membobin Kwalejin Katolika ta Penola. Itacen yana tunatar da mu asalin sunan 'yan asalin ƙasar Aboriginal Penola, wanda ke nufin stringybark.

Kalmomi uku da suka shafi alamar Kwalejin Katolika ta Penola sune Imani, Ƙwarewa da Al'umma waɗanda su ne ginshiƙan makarantarmu.

## Sunan kwaleji
An zaɓi sunan kwalejin, Penola Catholic College, saboda ƙarfin haɗin gwiwar harabar Broadmeadows ɗinmu da Saint Mary MacKillop da Sisters of St Joseph waɗanda suka kafa gidan foundling a wannan wurin a 1901. Penola, wani ƙaramin gari a kudu maso gabashin Kudancin Ostiraliya, shine inda Mary MacKillop ta buɗe makarantarta ta farko a 1866 kuma inda tare da Julian Tenison Woods ta kafa ƙungiyar Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart. Sisters of St Joseph sun yi wa al'ummar yankin hidima kuma sun zauna a wannan wurin tun daga 1901 har zuwa ƙarshen shekarun 1980.

## Manazarta
Jack MacDonald (kwaminisanci)

**Jack MacDonald** (mai suna "**Moscow Jack**"; an haife shi a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu 1888, a Falkirk, Scotland - 7 ga Nuwamba 1941) ya kasance memba ne na kafa Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Kanada kuma ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin ta. Ya kasance Shugaban jam'iyya daga 1921 zuwa 1923, kuma Sakataren Kasa daga 1923 zuwa 1929.

MacDonald ya sami tallafin karatu don halartar makarantar sakandare, amma bukatar tattalin arziki ta tilasta masa yin tsari, aikin da mahaifinsa ya yi. Abubuwan da suka faru na juyin juya hali na 1905 a Rasha sun lalata tunaninsa, kuma daga baya ya zama shugaban (1910-1912) na Falkirk Pattern Makers Association, memba na Jam'iyyar Socialist ta Burtaniya, kuma memba na Tarayyar Social Democratic ta Scotland. Ya yi hijira zuwa Toronto a 1912, inda ya shiga cikin hagu na gida.

MacDonald ya goyi bayan korar Maurice Spector don Trotskyism a 1928. Daga baya, ya yi ƙoƙari ya taka rawar daidaitawa tsakanin ƙungiyar Stalinist ta Tim Buck da yawancin jam'iyyar da ke ƙarƙashin jagorancin Finnish, Ukrainian da kungiyoyin Yahudawa waɗanda J.B. Salsberg sanannen adadi ne. Macdonald ya kasa kuma an kore shi daga jam'iyyar a 1931 ana zarginsa da kasancewa Lovestoneite (watau mai goyon bayan adawar dama ta Nikolai Bukharin). MacDonald, duk da haka, ya ci gaba da cewa yana ƙoƙarin taka rawar da ta dace. Zarge-zargen "Lovestoneism" sun kara lalacewa ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa MacDonald ya ci gaba da sulhunta da Spector kuma ya shiga reshen Toronto na International Left Opposition (Trotskyist) Kanada a 1932.

## Manazarta
Tarihin zaben Stephen Harper

Wannan shi ne **Tarihin zaben [[Stephen Harper]]**, Firayim Minista na ashirin da biyu na Kanada. Harper ya yi aiki a matsayin Firayim Minista daga 6 ga Fabrairu, 2006 zuwa 4 ga Nuwamba, 2015, bayan ya lashe babban zabe uku.

Wani mai ra'ayin mazan jiya, Harper bai yi nasara ba a babban zabensa na farko a matsayin shugaban Jam'iyyar Conservative, wanda ya sake zabar Firayim Minista na lokacin Paul Martin da Liberal tare da gwamnatin 'yan tsiraru. Koyaya, ƙasa da shekaru biyu bayan haka Harper ya ci Martin a babban zaben 2006 kuma ya kafa gwamnatin 'yan tsiraru. An sake zabar Harper tare da gwamnatin 'yan tsiraru a shekara ta 2008, sannan kuma gwamnati mafi rinjaye a zaben 2011.

Justin Trudeau da 'yan Liberals ne suka kayar da Harper a babban zaben shekarar 2015, wadanda suka gaji shi a matsayin Firayim Minista. Wanda ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban Jam'iyyar Conservative shine Andrew Scheer .

## Takaitaccen Bayani

Harper ta kasance ta shida cikin firaministan ministoci ashirin da uku na lokacin da yake ofis, yana aiki a matsayin firaminista na shekaru tara, kwanaki 271.  Shi ne na uku na Conservative da ya lashe zabe uku, bayan Sir John A. Macdonald da John Diefenbaker, kuma na biyu mafi tsawo a matsayin Firayim Minista na Conservative, bayan Macdonald.

Harper shine Firayim Minista na uku daga Alberta, sauran su ne R. B. Bennett da Joe Clark.

Harper ya fito ne daga Ontario kuma mai goyon bayan Jam'iyyar Liberal, amma a farkon shekarunsa na ashirin ya koma Alberta. Ya shiga cikin siyasar Progressive Conservative sannan a hankali ya kafa sabuwar Jam'iyyar Reform Party, yana aiki a matsayin babban jami'in manufofin Reform. Ya yi aiki sau ɗaya a matsayin memba na majalisa, amma sai ya yi murabus don ya zama shugaban National Citizens Coalition (1998-2002). 

## Babban zaben Tarayya: 2004 zuwa 2015
Harper ya jagoranci Jam'iyyar Conservative a cikin manyan zabubbuka biyar. Ya lashe uku (2006, 2008 da 2011) kuma ya rasa biyu (2004 da 2015). Ya lashe gwamnatoci biyu na 'yan tsiraru a zaben 2006 da 2008, da kuma gwamnati mafi rinjaye a zaben 2011. Ya sha kashi a zaben 2015 ga Justin Trudeau .

### Babban zaben Tarayya: 2004
A babban zabensa na farko a matsayin shugaban jam'iyya, Harper ya rage gwamnatin Martin daga mafi rinjaye zuwa gwamnatin 'yan tsiraru. Harper ya riƙe matsayinsa na Shugaban Jam'iyyar adawa ta hukuma.

## Dubi kuma

* Tarihin zaben Paul Martin - wanda ya riga Harper a matsayin Firayim Minista kuma babban abokin adawar a cikin manyan zabubbuka biyu.
* Tarihin zaben Justin Trudeau - magajin Harper a matsayin Firayim Minista.

## Manazarta
Flags na Kanada (littafi)

Flags of Canada littafi ne na shekara ta 2025 wanda Stephen Harper ya rubuta game da tarihin tutar Kanada da sauran tutar tarihi na Kanada. Littafin ya buga ta Sutherland House Books, kuma ya ƙunshi hotunan da Greg Stoicoiu ya yi.

## Bayani game da shi
Harper ya sami sha'awarsa a cikin nazarin tutar, wanda aka sani da Vexillology, daga mahaifinsa.[1] Ya fara rubuta littafinsa Flags of Canada kafin kullewar COVID-19 a shekarar 2020. [2] A cikin littafin, Harper ya ba da labarin tarihin da jerin lokuta daban-daban na yankin mulkin mallaka na Faransa na New France da yankin mulkin mallatte na Birtaniya ta Arewacin Amurka, ya kara da cikakken bayani game da tarihin muhawara da ke kewaye da ƙirar tutar Kanada wanda daga ƙarshe ya ƙare a cikin karɓar ƙirar ganyen maple na yanzu.[1] Flags of Canada kuma ya tattauna wasu tutar tarihi na Kanada, kamar tutar Hudson's Bay Company, tutar North West Company, Newfoundland Tricolour, da Newfoundland Red Ensign . [3] Harper ya yi jayayya a cikin littafin cewa ya kamata a sanya Red Ensign na Kanada, maimakon Union Jack, a matsayin tutar sakandare ta Kanada.[1] Ya kammala littafin ta hanyar la'akari da yiwuwar canje-canje na gaba ga tutar Kanada, yana ƙayyade cewa ba zai yiwu ba.[1]

## Bugawa
An saki Flags of Canada a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu 2025 ta Sutherland House Books, tare da Royal Canadian Geographical Society don bikin cika shekaru 60 na tutar Kanada. Greg Stoicoiu ne ya kwatanta littafin.[4]

## Karɓar baƙi
John Ibbitson na The Globe and Mail ya bayyana Flags of Canada a matsayin "marar da tutar" kuma "ba bikin Maple Leaf ba".[1] Ibbitson ya ci gaba da bayyana littafin a matsayin "mai mannewa ga gaskiyar", yana mai cewa Harper ya guji ɗaukaka ko kuma ya zargi duk wani tutar da aka tattauna a cikin littafin amma ya gabatar da bayanin a hanyar gaskiya.[ing][1] Forrest Pass na Binciken Littattafai na Kanada ya bayyana Flags of Canada a matsayin "a takaice amma mai ban sha'awa karantawa, wanda Greg Stoicoiu ya inganta ta hanyar zane-zane na ka'idodin tarihi".[5]

## Dubi kuma

* Bayanan littattafai na Stephen Harper
* Jerin tutar Kanada

## Manazarta
Babban Wasan

A Great Game: The Forgotten Leafs and the Rise of Professional Hockey littafi ne na 2013 wanda Stephen Harper ya rubuta game da tarihin wasan hockey a kankara a Kanada a farkon karni na 20.

## Bayani game da shi
Littafin ya biyo bayan ci gaban kungiyoyin hockey na farko na Toronto, musamman kungiyar Toronto Professional Hockey Club (1906-09) da Toronto Blueshirts (daga 1911).  Kafin wannan, ci gaban kungiyoyin kwararru ya yi tsayayya da tsananin tsayayya daga kungiyar Ontario Hockey Association da kuma mai wallafa Telegram na Toronto John Ross Robertson.

## Bugawa
Harper ya rubuta littafin a cikin shekaru takwas. Simon & Schuster ne suka sake shi a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 2013. Kudin da aka samu daga tallace-tallace na littafin yana tallafawa Ma'aikatan Sojojin Kanada da Ayyukan Taimako na Iyali. Littafin ya kuma rufe wasu fannoni na wasan farkon ƙarni kamar ci gaban wuraren kankara na wucin gadi. A lokacin bincike da rubuce-rubuce na littafin Harper ya sami taimako daga marubucin Roy MacGregor . 

## Karɓar baƙi
Binciken da Perry Lefko ya yi a cikin Quill & Quire ya yi la'akari da cewa littafin "yana karantawa kamar rubutun da aka yi da dogon lokaci ko rubutun daga masanin tarihin hockey".[1] Mai bita na Globe da Mail John Allemang ya lura cewa "[v]erbal amateurism ban da haka, yana da da daɗi a kama alamun saurayi, mai wasa Stephen Harper".[2] Binciken Toronto Star na littafin ya kuma lura da salon ilimi na littafin amma ya nuna gabatarwar wasan hockey na farkon karni na 20 ya ba da " hangen nesa na tarihi wanda ya sami kulawa kaɗan tsakanin dukkan littattafan da aka sadaukar da su ga wasan hockey".[3]

## Dubi kuma

* Bayanan littattafai na Stephen Harper

## Manazarta
Halpern v Kanada (AG)

Halpern v Canada (AG), [2003] O.J. No. 2268  wani yanke shawara ne na 10 ga Yuni, 2003 na Kotun daukaka kara ta Ontario wanda Kotun ta gano cewa ma'anar doka ta yau da kullun game da aure, wanda ya bayyana aure tsakanin namiji daya da mace daya, ya keta sashi na 15 na Yarjejeniyar 'Yancin Kanada da' Yanci.

## Tarihi
Tushen shari'ar ya fara ne a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2000 a Cocin Metropolitan Community na Toronto, lokacin da fasto Brent Hawkes ya fara bayar da haramtacciyar aure  kafin yin bikin aure ga ma'aurata biyu na jinsi guda - Kevin Bourassa da Joe Varnell, da Anne da Elaine Vautour - a ranar 14 ga Janairu, 2001.  Saboda haramtacciyar aure ana karɓa a matsayin cikakkiyar hanyar doka don yin aure ba tare da buƙatar lasisin aure da aka bayar ba, amma auren da aka yi a ƙarƙashin kowane tsari yana buƙatar takardar shaidar mai rajista na lardin, haramtacciya ta haifar da rashin aiki na doka wanda zai tilasta shari'ar kotu.

A cikin shekara wasu ma'aurata masu jinsi guda da yawa, daga cikinsu Hedy Halpern da Colleen Rogers, da Michael Leshner da Michael Stark, sun shiga kalubalen kotu, wanda ya fara sauraro a Kotun Koli ta Ontario a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2001.

## Hukuncin Kotun Koli
A ranar 12 ga Yuli, 2002, Kotun Koli ta yanke hukuncin cewa dole ne a ba da haƙƙin aure ga ma'aurata masu jinsi ɗaya, amma ta dakatar da hukuncin na tsawon shekaru biyu don ba da izinin Majalisar Dokoki ta Ontario ta bi hukuncin ta hanyar tsarin majalisa.[undefined] Koyaya, kamar yadda Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Kanada ya ba da cewa ma'anar aure tana ƙarƙashin ikon tarayya yayin da kawai aiwatarwa ta bar ga larduna, yanke shawara ta bar halin da ake ciki ba a bayyane ba har sai gwamnatin Jean Chrétien ta sanar a ranar 29 ga Yuli cewa za su daukaka kara. [undefined][1]

## Kotun daukaka kara
Kotun da ta amince da ita ta gano cewa cire ma'aurata na jinsi ɗaya ya kasance cikakkiyar keta *Yarjejeniya* kuma baya ga haka ba ta zama "laifi mai ma'ana" a ƙarƙashin sashi na 1. A wannan bangaren hukuncin ya bi yawancin abin da aka yi mulki a wasu wurare.

Kotun ta kuma yanke hukuncin cewa ba za a dakatar da maganin ba yayin da ya shafi yawan jama'a, kuma sabon ma'anar da ke ba da damar ma'aurata masu jinsi guda su yi aure zai fara aiki nan da nan.

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Gabatarwa, Windsor

**Kwalejin Gabatarwa, Windsor** (PCW) makarantar kwana ce ta Roman Katolika mai zaman kanta, sakandare, wacce ke Windsor, wani yanki na ciki na Melbourne, Victoria, Ostiraliya. An kafa makarantar a shekarar 1873, kuma an rufe ta a shekarar 2020. Makarantar 'yan'uwa ta PCW ita ce Kwalejin 'Yan'uwa Kiristoci, St Kilda (CBC), wacce ke kusa da PCW.

## Tarihi
An kafa Convent na Gabatarwa, Windsor bayan isowar ' Yan'uwa Mata bakwai na Gabatarwa daga Ireland a shekarar 1873. Kafin isowarsu, daga 1839, Cocin da gwamnatin mulkin mallaka sun yi muhawara kan buƙatar samar da ilimi ta makarantun coci na gida.

Gwamnatin Victoria ta so ta sauya dokokin ilimi. An ce tsarin makarantun dariku ya yi nauyi sosai ga tattalin arzikin wata ƙaramar ƙasa kuma ya bar yankuna da yawa ba tare da damar samun ilimi ba. An warware wannan matsalar bayan zaɓen James Wilberforce Stephen a Majalisar Dokokin Victoria a 1870, yana wakiltar St. Kilda . An naɗa shi Babban Lauya a 1872, yana da alhakin daftarin Dokar Ilimi da aka gabatar, wanda ya tanadar da ilimi kyauta, na duniya da kuma na tilas.  Bayan amincewa da kudirin, an dakatar da tallafin kuɗi da ake bai wa makarantun dariku, wanda hakan ya sa ci gaba da makarantun Katolika waɗanda ke da ma'aikata marasa galihu a fannin kuɗi ba zai yiwu ba.

Fada Corbett, Firist na Parish a St Mary's, East St Kilda, ya yi aiki da sauri kuma ya aika da wasiƙa zuwa ga Present Convent da ke Ireland. An buɗe ta cikin salon ban mamaki: "Ya ku Rev. Uwa. Daga ƙarshen duniya ina rubuto muku don neman taimako..." Da take amsa buƙatar a watan Satumba na 1873, Sister Mary Paul Mulquin, tare da ' yan'uwa mata shida daga Limerick, suka shiga jirgin ruwa mai saukar ungulu, SS Great Britain, a Liverpool, suka isa Sandridge (Port Melbourne) a ranar 21 ga Disamba 1873.

Gabatarwa Convent Windsor ta zama gaskiya a ranar Kirsimeti ta 1873. Makarantar ta fara ne a watan Janairun 1874 da masu rajista 33. Zuwa shekarar 1883, yawan ɗaliban da suka yi rajista a Windsor Convent ya kai 367, inda 'yan'uwa mata 11 da malamai uku suka zama ma'aikatan.[1]

## Rufewa
A ranar 29 ga Yuli 2019, an sanar da cewa Kwalejin Gabatarwa ta Windsor za ta rufe a ƙarshen 2020, saboda raguwar masu rajista. 

## Manazarta
Right Here, Right Now (book)

Dama a nan, Dama Yanzu: Siyasa da Jagora a cikin Zamanin Rushewa littafi ne na 2018 wanda ba na fiction ba ne na Stephen Harper . Ya samo asali ne daga kwarewar shekaru goma a matsayin Firayim Minista na Kanada wanda aka yi niyyar "taimaka wa shugabannin kasuwanci da gwamnati su fahimci, su daidaita, kuma su bunƙasa a cikin shekarun rikice-rikice da ba a taɓa gani ba".[1]

## Bugawa
Dama A nan, Dama Yanzu an sake shi a ranar 9 ga Oktoba 2018 ta hanyar Signal Books imprint na Penguin Random House Canada . 

## Karɓar baƙi
Mawallafin Postmedia Andrew Coyne ya yi watsi da littafin, yana nuna kuskuren da Harper ya nuna game da populism da tattalin arziki.[undefined] Binciken da ya dace na Toronto Sun Anthony Furey ya yi ya bayyana a nan, a yanzu ya zama "littafin siyasa na shekara".[1]

## Dubi kuma

* Bayanan littattafai na Stephen Harper

## Manazarta
Tallace-tallace na zaben Jam'iyyar Liberal ta Kanada na 2006

A cikin Zaben tarayya na 2006 a Kanada, Jam'iyyar Liberal ta Kanada ta yi amfani da tallace-tallace na kai hari kan shugaban Jam'iyyar Conservative ta Kanada Stephen Harper . 'Yan Liberals, da ke bin kuri'un da aka yi a cikin makonni na ƙarshe na yakin neman zabe, sun yi amfani da tallace-tallace masu karfi da sau da yawa masu ban sha'awa ga jam'iyyar Conservative, ta hanyar ƙoƙarin nuna Harper a matsayin mai tsattsauran ra'ayi. An ga tallace-tallace a matsayin masu wuce gona da iri, kuma sun kasa hana nasarar Conservative.

## Tallace-tallace
Wadannan tallace-tallace na hare-hare na 30 na biyu an samar da su kuma Jam'iyyar Liberal ta watsa su. Dukkanin sun nuna hoto na kusa na Stephen Harper tare da sautin drum din yaƙi. Tallace-tallace sun mayar da hankali kan wasu maganganu daga Harper da suka gabata da kuma dandalin Conservative. Yawancin waɗannan maganganun jama'ar Kanada da kafofin watsa labarai sun yi musu ba'a. Labarai da yawa, ciki har da ɗaya daga Paul Wells na mujallar *Maclean's*, sun nuna cewa 'yan Liberals suna riƙe da straws, kuma ba duk maganganun da za a iya tabbatar da su ba.

### "Sojoji" talla
Ya zuwa yanzu talla mafi rikitarwa shine: "Stephen Harper a zahiri ya sanar da cewa yana so ya kara yawan sojoji a cikin biranenmu. Biranen Kanada. Sojoji tare da bindigogi. A cikin biranen mu. "

Wannan tallace-tallace ba a taɓa watsa shi a talabijin ba. Ya bayyana a shafin yanar gizon Liberal Party of Canada, kafin a sake buga shi a kafofin watsa labarai. Wannan ya jawo zargi mai yawa daga masu sharhi cewa 'yan Liberals suna jin tsoro, kuma da alama suna nuna cewa Conservatives suna so su yi amfani da sojoji a kan fararen hula na Kanada. An cire tallan daga shafin yanar gizon.

## Parodies
Saboda yanayin wasan kwaikwayo na tallace-tallace, sun zama masu tsufa don yin amfani da Intanet kuma sun sami hanyar shiga cikin satire na al'adun gargajiya. Daga baya aka sake buga wasu a cikin jaridu na Globe da Mail da National Post. Hoton wasan kwaikwayo na This Hour Has 22 Minutes da Royal Canadian Air Farce sun kuma kirkiro jerin abubuwan da suka shafi tallace-tallace na harin.[1] A waje da Kanada, shirin tattaunawa na dare na Amurka The Daily Show ya gudanar da nasa tallace-tallace, tare da maganganun adawa da Kanada.

## Dubi kuma

* 1993 Kasuwancin Kirista
* Tallafin kai farmaki
* Yaƙin neman zaɓe mara kyau

## Manazarta
Bayanan littattafai na Stephen Harper

Stephen Harper (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Afrilu 1959) ɗan siyasan Kanada ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Firayim Minista na 22 na Kanada daga 2006 zuwa 2015. [1] Ya fitar da littafinsa na farko wanda ba na almara ba a cikin 2013, mai taken A Great Game: The Forgotten Leafs and the Rise of Professional Hockey, wanda ya shafi tarihin wasan hockey a kankara a Kanada.[2]

Littafin Harper na biyu wanda ba na almara ba, Dama a nan, Dama Yanzu: Siyasa da Jagora a cikin Zamanin Rashin Halin, an sake shi a cikin 2018. Littafin aikin siyasa ne, wanda ya samo asali ne daga kwarewarsa a matsayin Firayim Minista.[3] Ya fitar da littafinsa na uku, Flags of Canada, a cikin 2025. Littafin ya tattauna tarihin tutoci daban-daban da Kanada ta yi amfani da su a duk tarihin ƙasar.[4]

Harper kuma ya kasance batun babban tarin wallafe-wallafen. Wannan litattafan ya tattara rubuce-rubucen da aka buga da ke bincika aikin siyasa da manufofi na Harper, an iyakance su ga littattafan da ba na almara ba musamman suna tattauna Harper da lokacinsa a matsayin Firayim Minista daga sanannun marubuta da masu bugawa. An cire tushen tertiary, satire, da wallafe-wallafen da aka buga da kansu.

## Littattafan Harper

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin littattafai game da Firayim Ministocin Kanada
* Littattafan Kanada

## Manazarta
Harperism (littafi)

Harperism: Yadda Stephen Harper da abokan aikinsa suka canza Kanada littafi ne wanda ba na almara ba ne wanda Donald Gutstein na Vancouver ya rubuta, mai sukar kafofin watsa labarai kuma farfesa a Makarantar Sadarwa ta Jami'ar Simon Fraser. Ayyukan Gutstein suna mai da hankali kan alaƙa tsakanin kasuwanci, kafofin watsa labarai, da siyasa.

## Jigogi
Gutstein ya binciki dangantakar da ke tsakanin kasuwanci, kamfanoni da siyasa.[1] A cikin littafinsa na 2009 mai taken Ba ka'idar makirci ba: yadda farfagandar kasuwanci ta sace dimokuradiyya , Gutstein ya gano tasowa na "tsawon lokaci" kamfanoni "farfagandar farfaganda" a Amurka wanda ke tasiri ga ra'ayin jama'a kan batutuwan zamantakewa da siyasa.[1] A cikin Harperism, Gutstein ya rubuta cewa tankunan tunani na Kanada kamar Cibiyar Fraser da aka kafa a shekara ta 1974, C.D. Howe da shekarun 1990 "haɗin gwiwar masu tunani na bangaren dama a duk faɗin Kanada, kamar Cibiyar Nazarin Kasuwancin Atlantic (AIMS), Cibiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Montreal da Cibiyar Yankin Yankin Jama'a, sun kara amfani da kafofin watsa labarai na Neoliberal da ke tallafawa tankunan neoliberal. A cikin 2009 Makarantar Manufofin Jama'a ta yi aiki a matsayin "tallacewar jama'a masu fa'a da ke karuwar" a kan iyakancewar jama" da kuma "tallacen tunanin jama'a".[2][3][4][5]

## Bincike
A cikin bita da aka buga a cikin *Jaridar Sadarwa ta Kanada*, Brian Gorman ya bayyana  yadda Gutstein ya yi kira ga "sabuwar rawar da gwamnati ke takawa ... wanda ba ya bi da komai a matsayin reshe na tattalin arziki, amma ya sake haɗa haƙƙin zamantakewa da siyasa cikin aikinsa yayin da yake magana game da mamayar kasuwa a rayuwar zamantakewa da ta siyasa. " :

Mawallafin Kanada kuma editan Andrew Coyne ya yi ba'a da tushen Gutstein cewa Harper da Coyne da kansa a matsayin memba na kwamitin Gidauniyar Kanada, sun kasance wani ɓangare na "babban cibiyar sadarwa na shagunan manufofin kasuwa kyauta... Abubuwan da ba a saba da su ba na tattalin arziki na yau da kullun a nan sun canza zuwa wani makirci mai ban mamaki da barazana, yayin da masu tattalin arziki a cikin ofisoshin threadbare suna da ikon sihiri da ba su taɓa sani ba. "

## Dubi kuma

* Bayanan littattafai na Stephen Harper

## Manazarta
Anaida Poilievre

Anaida Poilievre (née Galindo) ma'aikaciyar siyasa ce ta Kanada kuma matar Pierre Poilievre, shugaban Jam'iyyar Conservative ta Kanada . An haife ta a Venezuela, ta koma Quebec tare da iyalinta a 1995 tana da shekaru takwas. Ta fara aikinta a siyasa a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga majalisa a Majalisar Dattijai ta Kanada . Bayan zaben mijinta a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar Conservative a shekarar 2022, ta fara aiki a yakin neman zabe, tana ba da jawabai da kuma bayyana a cikin bidiyon yakin neman zabe. Ita ce co-kafa Pretty da Smart Co, mujallar salon rayuwa ta kan layi.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Anaida Galindo a Caracas, Venezuela . Mahaifinta manajan banki ne. A shekara ta 1995, lokacin da take 'yar shekara takwas,  iyalinta sun koma matsayin 'yan gudun hijira zuwa Pointe-aux-Trembles, wani yanki a gabashin Montreal, Quebec.  Ta yi karatun sadarwa a Jami'ar Ottawa na shekara guda.

## Ayyuka
Bayan ta yi aiki a cikin tallace-tallace da ayyukan sabis na abokin ciniki,  Poilievre ta fara aikinta a siyasa a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan harkokin majalisa a Majalisar Dattijai ta Kanada a shekara ta 2008,  kafin ta dauki aiki a cikin House of Commons.  Ta yi aiki ga memba na majalisa Michael Cooper a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan harkokin majalisa daga 2015 zuwa 2022.

Poilievre ta kasance co-kafa mujallar salon rayuwa ta kan layi Pretty and Smart Co .  Da farko a cikin annobar COVID-19 ta goyi bayan ƙuntatawa, amma daga baya ta zama mai sukar matakan kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Kanada.

## Rayuwar Sirri
Anaida Poilievre ta auri Pierre Poilievre a shekarar 2017 a Sintra, Portugal .  Suna da 'ya'ya biyu tare.

Tana magana da yaren ta, Mutanen Espanya, da Faransanci da Ingilishi.

## Manazarta
Shit Harper ya yi

Shit Harper Did (SHD) (2011-2015) wani aikin watsa labarai ne na Kanada wanda ya yi amfani da ban dariya, satire, kafofin watsa labarai na dijital, Stephen Harper's record goes viral. The Globe and Mail Inc.[1] jokes [1] da kuma tsoma baki na siyasa [2] don sukar gwamnatin Conservative karkashin jagorancin Firayim Minista Stephen Harper . Gidan yanar gizon ShitHarperDid.com ya bazu bayan ƙaddamar da shi a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2011, yana karɓar fiye da miliyan ɗaya a cikin sa'o'i.[3] A cikin kwanaki uku na farko, shafin yanar gizon ya ja hankalin baƙi sama da miliyan 4.1, kuma ɗayan bidiyonsa ya zama abun da aka fi raba akan YouTube a Kanada a lokacin.[4] Manyan mutanen Kanada Margaret Atwood da Elliot Page sun kasance magoya bayan yakin neman zabe a kan layi.[5] Masu zane-zane da yawa ne suka kirkiro aikin ciki har da Cam Reed da kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da mai shirya fina-finai Sean Devlin . [3][6]

## Karɓar baƙi
Shirin ya shahara ne tare da matasa masu yawa waɗanda ba sa shiga siyasa. The Globe and Mail ya bayyana aikin a matsayin "kamfen ɗin ɓoye wanda ke yaduwa kamar gobarar daji".  The *Huffington Post* ya kira shi "abin da ya faru na kwayar cuta wanda ya kama zeitgeist na dijital. "

## Shiga tsakani tare da Firayim Minista da sauran zaɓaɓɓun jami'ai

### Shigar da bayanan tsaro na Firayim Minista
A cikin shekara ta 2014, mai kirkirar ShitHarperDid Sean Devlin da mai fafutuka Shireen Soofi sun yi kama da masu jira kuma sun shiga cikin tsaro na Firayim Minista Stephen Harper a wani taron sirri. A cewar kafofin watsa labarai sun zo cikin "tsakanin kai"  na Firayim Minista kafin su nuna alamun nuna rashin amincewar gwamnati game da canjin yanayi. 

Wannan aikin ya haifar da muhawara ta kasa game da manufofin canjin yanayi. Devlin da mai shirya SHD Brigette Depe sun bayyana a CBC News Network's Power and Politics don tattauna aikin.

### Matar Firayim Minista ta katse a bikin bidiyo na cat
A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2014, an katse Laureen Harper, matar Firayim Minista Stephen Harper, yayin da take ba da jawabi a wani bikin bidiyo na cat.[undefined] Mai fafutukar SHD mai shekaru 21 Hailey King ya tambaye ta, "Mrs. Harper, wayar da kan jama'a game da jin daɗin cat shine kyakkyawan kallo ga dabarun kamfen ɗin mijinka mai zuwa... Ba ku tsammanin tallafawa bincike game da mata 'yan asalin da suka ɓace kuma aka kashe a wannan ƙasar zai zama mafi kyawun kallo ga dabarar kamfen ɗin da ke zuwa na mijinka a nan ya ruwaito cewa Mrs. Harper ta amsa, "Wannan (mata da suka ɓoye) babban dalili ne, amma wannan wata dare ce ga cats marasa gida".[undefined][2][1]

### Isar da man fetur
Bayan zubar da mai a cikin ruwan Vancouver, masu zane-zane na ShitHarperDid sun katse taron manema labarai da Ministan Masana'antu na Tarayya James Moore da MP Andrew Saxton suka yi. Suna sanye da riguna masu haɗari, sun kawo tarkace mai mai daga wurin zubar da ruwa kuma sun nemi 'yan siyasa su taɓa shi. Dukansu biyu sun ki. Wadannan ayyukan sun nuna gaskiyar cewa Conservatives sun rufe tashar tsaron bakin teku ta Vancouver kafin zubar da ruwa.

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Salesian (Chadstone)

**Kwalejin Salesian** makaranta ce mai zaman kanta ta Roman Katolika ga yara maza da ke cikin unguwar Melbourne ta Chadstone wadda aka kafa a shekarar 1957. An kafa ta bisa falsafar Saint John Bosco, kwalejin tana da nufin bayar da kyakkyawan tsarin ilimi na Salesian. Salesian ta ƙunshi harabar jami'a guda biyu - Bosco (Shekaru 7-8 & Shekaru 10-12) ita ce babbar harabar makarantar da Mannix (Shekaru 9) wacce ke kula da ɗaliban aji na 9 kawai, saboda buƙatunsu da kuma balaguron da suke yi a matsayin matakin shekara guda.

Salesian memba ne na Kwalejin Katolika ta Associated.

## Manhaja ta Manhaja
Kwalejin Salesian tana ba wa ɗalibanta takardar shaidar ilimi ta Victoria (VCE) da kuma shirin manyan sana'o'i (VM).

## Wasanni
Salesian ya lashe gasar ACC ta farko a jere.

* Badminton (4) – 2016, 2017, 2019, 2021
* Kwando - 1999
* Kureket (2) - 1971, 2023
* Kwano na Lawn - 2018
* Ƙwallon ƙafa (4) – 1999, 2000, 2003, 2015

## Fitattun tsofaffin ɗalibai

* Raff CiconeSanatan Labour na Victoria kuma Mataimakin Mai tsawatarwa na Gwamnati a Majalisar Dattawa
* Brendan ColeGasar Commonwealth ta 2010, gasar tsere mai tsayi mita 4 × 400, ta lashe lambar zinare a gasar Olympics ta Australiya ta 2012 
* Riley Collier-DawkinsƊan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na AFL
* Nicolas Conte (2016) Mai watsa shirye-shirye na Australiya (Fox FM da Triple M)
* Timothy Costelloe SDBBabban Bishop na Archbishop na Perth
* Frank DavisƊan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na AFL, Melbourne Demons (Ɗan wasan Melbourne Premiership 1964, Mafi kyau & Mafi adalci 1970)
* Simon Hammondmarubuci, ɗan kasuwa, ɗan jarida, mai ba da shawara kan kasuwanci kuma babban mai magana a duniya
* Kevin MorrisƊan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na AFL, Richmond da Collingwood . (Ɗan wasan Richmond Premiership a 1973 da 1974, Mafi kyau da adalci a 1975)
* Robin Nahas (2005) Ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na AFL, Richmond
* Dirk Nannes (1976-) ƙwararren ɗan wasan kurket
* Steve PantelidisƊan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, Melbourne Victory da Gold Coast United (Melbourne Victory Championship da ɗan wasan Premiership 2006/2007 & 2008/2009)
* Dean RiceƊan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na AFL, St Kilda da Carlton . (Ɗan wasan Carlton Premiership a 1995)
* Matthew RobbinsƊan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na AFL, Geelong da Western Bulldogs
* Gerry WoodƊan siyasa, ɗan majalisar yankin Arewa, mai wakiltar masu zaɓen Nelson 
* Josh CavlloƊan Wasan Ƙwallon Ƙafa, Adelaide United da Ƙungiyar Ƙwallon Ƙafa ta Stamford Association

## Duba kuma

* Jerin makarantu a Victoria
* Takardar Shaidar Ilimi ta Victoria
* Kwalejojin Katolika masu alaƙa da Victoria

## Manazarta