Volkswagen

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**Volkswagen** (**VW**; ) Bajamushe ne kera motoci da ke Wolfsburg, Lower Saxony, Jamus. An kafa shi a cikin 1937 ta The German Labour Front, an sake farfado da ita cikin alamar duniya da take a yau bayan [Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] na Jami'in Sojan Biritaniya Ivan Hirst. Kamfanin sananne ne ga Beetle kuma yana aiki azaman alamar alama ta Volkswagen Group, wanda ya zama babbar masana'antar kera motoci ta duniya ta tallace-tallacen duniya a cikin 2016 da 2017. 

Babbar kasuwar kungiyar ita ce China (ciki har da Hong Kong da Macau), wanda ke da kashi 40% na tallace-tallace da ribar da take samu.Sunan  ya samo asali ne daga kalmomin Jamusanci  da , ma'ana .

## Tarihi
A cikin shekarun 1930 Adolf Hitler na neman wanda zai iya ƙera mota mai arha wadda ma'aikacin Jamus na gari zai iya saya. A lokaci guda, Ferdinand Porsche ya yi shekara da shekaru yana aiki a kan kera wata mota mai arha wadda za ta iya ɗaukar iyali kuma za ta yi tuki kamar motar gaske, ba ƙaramar mota ba. Ya riga ya tsara kuma ya gina ƙananan motoci tare da injunan baya kuma ya yi kama da irin ƙwaro (don mafi kyawun yanayin sararin samaniya). A wannan lokacin, mallakar mota a cikin Jamus wani abu ne da masu hannu da shuni, kuma yawancin kamfanonin motoci ba su da sha'awar yin mota mai arha. Kamfanin Porsche, wanda ake kira Porsche, kawai ya tsara zane ne ga wasu a lokacin. Don haka, Porsche bai sami wanda zai kera ƙaramar motar da yake so ba. 

Kodayake Hitler bai taɓa koyon tuƙi ba, amma yana da sha'awar motoci (ya kuma ƙirƙira autobahn, wanda ya haifar da manyan tituna). Hitler ya so motar ta rika daukar mutane hudu. Ya kamata a sanyaya shi ta mai maimakon ruwa. Motar ta buƙaci ta iya yin tafiyar akalla 100&nbsp;km / h, ko kuma game da 60&nbsp;mph, kuma amfani da mai fiye da lita 7 na mai na kilomita 100 (kimanin mpg 34). Kamfanonin motoci a Jamus a lokacin ba sa son yin wannan sabuwar motar mai arha, don haka Hitler ya kafa sabon kamfani, wanda gwamnati ke gudanarwa. Sunan farko da aka ba motar shi ne "KdF-Wagen." "KdF" ya tsaya ga *Kraft durch Freude*, ko "ƙarfi ta hanyar Farin Ciki." An yi wasu, amma a lokacin da aka gama masana'antar a 1938, Yaƙin Duniya na II ya fara. Daga nan masana'antar ta kera motoci irin na jeep ga sojojin na Jamus maimakon.

Bayan yaƙin, mutane daga Ingila da Amurka sun sake buɗe masana'anta kuma sun sake ƙera motoci. Masana'antar ta kasance kango daga yaƙin kuma tana iya yin 'yan motoci kaɗan a lokaci guda. Sojojin Burtaniya ne ke kula da wannan ɓangaren na Jamus. Da farko sun yi kokarin neman wani kamfanin mota don sake gina masana'antar. An bayar da kamfanin dga Henry Ford kyauta. Bayan ya duba, sai mai ba shi shawara ya ce "Mista Ford, abin da ake ba mu a nan bai dace ba!"  Don haka kamfanin Volkswagen ya cigaba da kansa don ƙera motar. Mutumin da ya jagoranci kamfanin Volkswagen a wannan lokacin shi ne Heinz Nordhoff .

Da farko sun yi mota ɗaya ne, Volkswagen Beetle . (Kamfanin ne kawai ya kira shi Sedan na 1, shi ma yana da laƙabin "Bug" a Amurka da sauran laƙabi a wasu wurare). A shekarar 1950, an gabatar da Nau'i na 2 (bas din), shima an gina shi da injin a bayan abin hawa. Motocin sun zama sanannu kuma sanannu a duk duniya. Beetle daga baya ya zama ɗayan mafi kyawun motocin sayarwa a tarihi. An gina shi shekaru da yawa daga baya a masana'antu a Jamus, Brazil da Mexico .

An gina Volkswagen Beetle na ƙarshe na asali a cikin Meziko. An gina shi a watan Yuli na 2003. Volkswagen tana da sabuwar mota mai suna "Sabon ƙwaro." wanda ya fara sayarwa a cikin 1997, Yana kama da tsohuwar motar, amma an gina ta daban. Ya fi sauri, aminci, kuma yana da injin a gaba, ba baya ba, kuma ana sanyaya ruwa (ta amfani da radiator). Ya fi dacewa da duniyar yau ta fuskar zane da tsaro.
A halin yanzu Volkswagen tana da hannu cikin badaƙalar gwajin hayaki.

## Motocin kwanan nan

Wasu daga cikin shahararrun motocin Volkswagen sune Golf, Jetta, Polo, Beetle da Passat. VW's kamar yadda aka fi sani da su, suma sun shiga ɓangaren hanyar da motoci tare da motoci kamar Touarag, da ɓangaren kasuwanci tare da Touran. A wannan shekara ana ganin bikin VW na 21 tun lokacin da aka fara sayar da Golf 1 a cikin 1980s. Tun daga haihuwarsa VW ya sayar da sama da motoci 315,000 na Golf 1 shi kaɗai. 2006 ya ga shigowar ƙarni na biyar na Golf. Fitilar mai ɗaukar hoto - GTI - ana amfani da ita ta injin turbo mai nauyin silinda 147Kw 2.0l 4, tare da VW DSG da fasahar FSI. Golf GTI ya samo asali mai nisa tun daga shekarun 80 amma GTI na ƙarni na biyar ya sami suka daga wasu saboda bai kai yadda ake tsammani da mizanin da shahararren Mk1 GTI ya tsara ba, wanda aka saka masa motar bawul 1600, 8.

## Misali

### Sanyi-sanyaya

* Nau'i na 1: Irin ƙwaro (wanda aka fi sani da "Bug"), Karmann Ghia, da wasu ƙirar musamman, kamar Fridolin, ƙaramar motar bayarwa
* Rubuta 2: Bus (salo da yawa, kamar motar motar ɗaukar hoto, motar ɗaukar hoto, da motar yawon buɗe ido ta 21)
* Nau'in 3: Squareback, Notchback da Fastback A shekarar 1968 wadannan motocin su ne motoci na farko da aka fara kerawa a duniya da suke da allurar mai.
* Nau'in 4: 411-412 - ba a sayar da yawa ba, amma babban injin injerar mai, wanda aka yi daidai da Porsche na Porsche 914, daga baya aka yi amfani da shi a cikin motar VW.

### Sanya-ruwa
An fara layin sanyaya ruwa a 1974.

* Golf (ko Rabbit)
* Fox
* Jetta
* Passat (ko Dasher)
* Polo
* Dan dako (ko Eurovan)
* Touareg
* Sabon ƙwaro
* Eos
* Tiguan
* Touran

## Manazarta

## Sauran yanar gizo

* Volkswagen Duniya
* Volkswagen Jamus (a Jamusanci)
* Volkswagen México - Tarihi  Archived  
* Volkswagen Amurka Offical website