Dokar Shari'a a cikin Shirin Rikicin Makamai

The Rule of Law in Armed Conflicts Project (RULAC Project) wani shiri ne na Kwalejin Geneva ta Shari'ar Jama'a ta Duniya da 'Yancin Dan Adam don tallafawa aikace-aikace da aiwatar da dokar kasa da kasa ta rikice-rikicen makamai.

## Bayani na gaba ɗaya
Ta hanyar bayanan duniya da bincike, aikin RULAC yana da manufar kimantawa game da aiwatarwa ta jihohin dokar da ta dace a cikin rikice-rikicen makamai:

* Dokar jin kai ta kasa da kasa
* Dokar haƙƙin ɗan adam ta duniya
* Dokar aikata laifuka ta kasa da kasa
* Dokar 'yan gudun hijira

A ƙarshe aikin zai rufe dukkan kasashe membobin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da jam'iyyun Yarjejeniyar Geneva da kuma yankunan da aka yi hamayya, ko suna cikin rikici ko a'a. Lalle ne, dole ne a aiwatar da wasu dokoki na kasa da kasa a lokacin zaman lafiya ko kuma sun dace a cikin yanayin bayan rikici, musamman wadanda suka shafi zaluntar laifukan kasa da kasa. Bugu da kari, ka'idojin da suka shafi yaki da ta'addanci, wanda kuma shafin yanar gizon zai rufe shi, ya dace da jihohin da ba lallai ba ne su cikin yanayin rikici.

An raba shafin yanar gizon zuwa kashi uku. Shafin yanar gizon yana ba da ƙaramin bayani game da doka da ta dace kuma yana magance manyan batutuwan shari'a a wannan yanki, misali cancantar shari'a na rikice-rikice ko amfani da dokar kasa da kasa ga kungiyoyin da ba na kasa ba. Gidan yanar gizon yana ba da matani da takardu masu dacewa ga kowace ƙasa waɗanda ke hulɗa da tsarin shari'a na ƙasa da na duniya (dokokin ƙasa da shari'a, ƙuduri kungiyoyin gwamnati, yarjejeniya, da sauransu). A ƙarshe, shafin yanar gizon yana ba da bincike na shari'a wanda, a gefe guda, ya cancanci rikici a ƙarƙashin dokar jin kai ta duniya kuma a gefe guda kuma, ya ƙayyade dokar da ta dace. Wannan bangare na shafin yanar gizon, tabbas mafi mahimmanci a cikin shari'a da siyasa, yana da mahimmanci ga aikin RULAC.

Ana sa ran aikin RULAC ya zama tushen bayanai mai mahimmanci ga jami'an gwamnati, 'yan jarida da kuma ko'ina ga duk wanda ke da sha'awar girmama doka a yaƙi.

## Taron Geneva
An sake fasalin taron Geneva guda uku na farko, an faɗaɗa, kuma an maye gurbinsa, kuma an kara na huɗu, a cikin 1949.

* An amince da Yarjejeniyar Geneva don Inganta Yanayin Wadanda suka Raunin da Marasa Lafiya a cikin Sojoji a filin a 1864. An sake fasalinsa sosai kuma an maye gurbinsa da sigar 1906,  sigar 1929, kuma daga baya Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta farko ta 1949. 
* An amince da Yarjejeniyar Geneva don Inganta Yanayin Wadanda suka Raunin, Marasa lafiya da Rashin Jirgin Ruwa na Sojoji a Tekun a cikin 1906. An sake fasalinsa sosai kuma an maye gurbinsa da Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Biyu ta 1949.
* An amince da Yarjejeniyar Geneva da ke da alaƙa da Kula da Fursunonin Yakin a cikin 1929. An sake fasalinsa sosai kuma an maye gurbinsa da Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Uku ta 1949.
* Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta huɗu da ta shafi Kare Fararen hula a lokacin Yakin an karɓa a cikin 1949.

Bugu da kari, akwai ƙarin ladabi guda uku na gyare-gyare ga Yarjejeniyar Geneva:

* Yarjejeniyar I (1977): Yarjejeniyar Ƙarin Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta 12 ga Agusta 1949, kuma tana da alaƙa da Kare Wadanda ke fama da rikice-rikicen Sojoji na Duniya. Ya zuwa 12 ga Janairun 2007 kasashe 167 sun tabbatar da shi.
* Yarjejeniya ta II (1977): Yarjejeniya Ƙarin Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta 12 ga Agusta 1949, kuma tana da alaƙa da Kare Wadanda ke fama da rikice-rikicen da ba na duniya ba. Ya zuwa 12 ga Janairun 2007 kasashe 163 sun tabbatar da shi.
* Yarjejeniya ta III (2005): Yarjejeniya Ƙarin ga Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta 12 ga Agusta 1949, kuma tana da alaƙa da Amincewa da Ƙarin Alamar Bambanci. Ya zuwa watan Yunin 2007 kasashe 17 ne suka tabbatar da shi kuma wasu kasashe 68 ne suka sanya hannu amma ba a tabbatar da shi ba.

ICRC, Menene Dokar Jama'a ta Duniya?  [Hotuna a shafi na 9]

ICRC, Dokokin Tushen Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta 1949 da Ƙarin Yarjejeniyar 1977, 1988

ICRC, Nazarin dokar jin kai ta kasa da kasa .

## Dubi kuma
 

## Ƙarin karantawa

## Manazarta


## Haɗin waje

* Kwalejin Geneva ta Shari'ar Jama'a ta Duniya da 'Yancin Dan Adam
* Kwamitin Red Cross na Duniya (ICRC)
* Shafin yanar gizon Majalisar Dinkin Duniya
* Shafin yanar gizon Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'Yancin Dan Adam
* Shafin yanar gizon Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Dokar Duniya
* Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na Kotun Shari'a ta Duniya
* UNHCHR
* Wakilin Sakatare Janar kan 'yancin dan adam na mutanen da suka rasa muhallinsu a cikin gida (Walter Kälin) .