Kishin ƙasa na Libya

**Kishin ƙasa na Libya** yana nufin kishin ƙasa  na Libya da al'adun Libya.  Kishin ƙasa na Libya ya fara tasowa ne tare da ƙirƙirar umarnin addini na Senussi a cikin shekarar 1830s wanda ya haɗu da Sufanci na Arewacin Afirka da Islama na Orthodox.  Bayan da Italiya ta yi wa Libya mulkin mallaka, masu adawa da mulkin mallaka na Italiya daga Tripolitania da Cyrenaica sun haɗa dakaru a shekarar 1922, tare da shugaban Senussi Omar Mukhtar ya jagoranci tawaye ga sojojin Italiya a Libya.  Libya ta zama ƙasa mai cin gashin kanta bayan yakin duniya na biyu.

Libya ƙarƙashin Muammar Gaddafi da farko ta bi akidar Larabawa amma daga baya ya yi watsi da wannan, Gaddafi ya kaddamar da yakin basasa da Chadi a kan tudun Aouzou.  An hambarar da Gaddafi a shekarar 2011.

## Tarihi

### Tsakiyar Ƙarni na 19
A cikin shekarar 1840s umarni na addini Senussi ya isa kan iyakokin Libya tare da taimakon shehin Al-Sayyid Mohammed bin Ali Al-Senussi,  wanda aka fi sani da Grand Sanusi.  Umurnin Senussi ya haifar da haɗin kai na ruhaniya, fahimtar al'umma, tsakanin mutanen Libya.  Umurnin Senussi sun shafi ɓangaren ruhaniya na addinin Musulunci.  An gano kasancewarsu a tsakanin ƙabilun  Libya wanda ya ba wa addinin ƙarin karfi da tasiri a yankin.  Sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da haɗin kai tsakanin ƙabilu da wanzar da zaman lafiya da hana rikici. A cikin siyasa, umarnin Senussi ya shafi yaɗa isar da sakon Musulunci.  Sun yi fice a Libiya har ta kai ga a ƙarshe za mu iya yin magana game da wata ƙasa a cikin jihar da odar Senussi ke jagoranta. 

### Ƙarni na 20
Tun daga ƙarni na 19, Italiya tana da burin mallaka a Libya.  A cikin shekarar 1912, ikon Turai ya mamaye Tripolitania da Cyrenaica daidai bayan amincewa da Turkawa ta hanyar yarjejeniyar Lausanne.  An raba ikon ne tsakanin umarnin Senussi da hukumomin Italiya a Libya. Bayan umarnin Senussi ya goyi bayan daular Usmaniyya a lokacin yakin, kuma Muhammad Idris ya jagoranci tattaunawar da turawan Ingila.  A shekara ta 1922, ƙungiyoyin masu kishin ƙasa daban-daban a Tripoli sun yanke shawarar ajiye bambance-bambancen su a gefe kuma sun amince da Idris a matsayin halastaccen shugaban Libya.  Tare da naɗin nasa, yakin tsakanin umarnin Senussi da Italiya ya sake farawa.  Bayan wani nasarar Italiya, dubban 'yan Italiya sun yi hijira zuwa ƙasar Libya.  A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu Idris ya gudu zuwa Masar inda turawan Ingila suka kare shi. A karshe ya hau ƙaragar mulki lokacin da ƙasar Libya ta haɗe kanta ƙarƙashin tsarin mulkin ƙasar  bayan ta sha kashi a hannun Italiya da Jamus. 

An hambarar da Sarki Muhammad Idris a juyin mulkin 1969 ƙarƙashin jagorancin Kaftin Muammar Gaddafi.  Nasser a Masar ya zaburar da shi, Gaddafi ya shiga aikin sa na haɗin kan yanki, wanda ake kira pan-Arabism, da nufin samar da ƙasa ɗaya ta Larabawa.  A cikin wannan aikin, Gaddafi ya ɗauki Musulunci a matsayin ginshiƙi mai mahimmanci, don haka yana gabatowa ra'ayoyin addinin Islama. Musulunci ya yi aiki a matsayin wani abu mai haɗe-haɗe da dacewa da duniya baki ɗaya.  Gaddafi ya yi fatan inganta wani madadin gurguzu da falsafar jari hujja a ka'idar ƙasa da ƙasa ta uku.  Wannan ka'idar, wanda aka haɓaka a cikin , yana magana ba kawai ƙasashen Larabawa ba amma dukan duniya kuma ya inganta dimokuraɗiyya kai tsaye ta hanyar Kwamitin Jama'a na kafa tattaunawa kai tsaye tsakanin jama'a da gwamnati. 

### Ƙarni na 21
Tare da gazawar kungiyar Pan-Arabism, Gaddafi ya juya zuwa Pan-Africanism. A shekara ta 2009 ne aka zaɓe shi a matsayin shugaban kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka kuma ya fallasa ra'ayinsa na nahiyar; Gaddafi bai yi imani da yuwuwar ƙasashe masu karfi guda ɗaya na Afirka ba.  Ya yi iƙirarin cewa, don samun ƙarfinsu da samun damar ƙalubalantar manyan ƙasashe, dole ne ƙasashen Afirka su haɗa kai. Ya kuma kare kafa dakaru na nahiyar kamar yadda ya ce babu wata ƙasa da za ta ci gaba da bunƙasa ba tare da ɗaya ba.  A lokacin juyin juya halin Libiya na shekarar 2011 an hambarar da Gaddafi.  Bayan haka, an sami rashin jagoranci da haɗin kai wanda Majalisar riƙon ƙwarya ta ƙasa da ƴan wasan da ba na jiha ba suka cika.  'Yan wasan da ba na gwamnati ba (makamai) sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen gina ƙasar Libya bayan shekarar 2011: sun samar wa al'ummar Libya, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, tsaro da zamantakewa. 

## Kishin ƙasa mai nisa
Bayan juyin juya hali na shekarar 1969 'yan ƙasar Libya da dama sun yi gudun hijira daga ƙasar Libya, lamarin da ya haifar da kafa 'yan gudun hijirar Libya a faɗin duniya a Arewacin Amirka, Turai da kuma yankin MENA, musamman shige da ficen Libya zuwa Tunisiya wani lamari ne na dogon lokaci.   A lokacin juyin juya halin 2011, an sami goyon baya da kuma shiga cikin juyin juya halin da mutanen Libya suka yi a faɗin duniya.  Mutanen da ke zaune a waje suna da ra'ayi iri ɗaya na al'umma ɗaya, haɗin kai da kasancewar al'umma ɗaya.  Kafofin watsa labarun sun kasance muhimmin al'amari don tabbatar da hakan. 

## Duba kuma

* Kishin kasa na Afirka
* Balarabe kishin kasa
* Kishin kasa na Masar
* Kishin kasa na Tunisiya

## Manazarta