Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda

Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda (Portuguese  **Frente para a Libertação do Enclave de Cabinda**, FLEC) ƙungiya ce mai fafutuka da siyasa mai fafutukar neman 'yancin kai na lardin Cabinda na Angola.  A da a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Portuguese, tare da 'yancin kai na Angola daga Portugal a shekarar 1975, yankin ya zama lardi mai ban mamaki na sabuwar Angola mai cin gashin kanta. Kungiyar ta FLEC tana yaki da yakin Cabinda a yankin da tsoffin masarautun Kakongo, Loango, da N'Goyo suka mamaye.

## Tarihi

A ranar 1 ga watan Fabrairu, 1885, an rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Simulambuco, ta kafa Cabinda a matsayin kariyar Portuguese.  

A cikin shekarar 1963, ƙungiyoyi uku &#x2014; Movement for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda (MLEC), Action Committee of the Cabinda National Union (CAUNC), da Mayombe National Alliance (ALLIAMA) &#x2014; sun haɗu don kafa FLEC. 

A lokacin Yaƙin Mulkin Mallaka na Portugal (1961–1974), ƙungiyoyin kishin ƙasa na Cabinda sun yi yaƙi da Sojojin Portugal. Bayan da gwamnatin Estado Novo da ta mulki Portugal da yankunanta na ketare suka faɗa cikin juyin mulkin soja na "Carnation Revolution" a ranar 25 ga watan Afrilun 1974 a Lisbon, an ba da 'yancin kai ga dukkan yankuna na ketare, ciki har da Angola. A cikin shekarar 1975 FLEC ta kafa gwamnatin wucin gadi ƙarƙashin jagorancin Henriques Tiago wacce ta ayyana 'yancin kai daga Portugal a ranar 1 ga watan Agusta, 1975. Luís Ranque Franque shi ne shugaban ƙasa.

FLEC ta kasu kashi uku; FLEC-Ranque Franque, FLEC- N'Zita, jagorancin Henrique N'zita Tiago, da FLEC-Lubota, jagorancin Francisco Xavier Lubota. A cikin watan Nuwamba 1977 an ƙirƙiri wani ɓangaren, Dokar Soja don 'Yantar da Cabinda. A cikin watan Yuni 1979 Rundunar Sojin don 'Yantar da Cabinda ta haifar da wani motsi, Popular Movement for Liberation of Cabinda (MPLC, Movimento Popular de Libertação de Cabinda). A cikin shekarar 1980s FLEC ta sami taimako daga Ƙungiyar haɗin kai ta Ƙasa  don 'Yancin Ƙasar Angola (UNITA), wacce ke adawa da gwamnatin MPLA na Angola, kuma daga Afirka ta Kudu. A cikin shekarar 1988, Kwamitin Kwaminisanci na Cabinda (CCC, Comité Comunista de Cabinda) ya bar FLEC, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Kaya Mohamed Yay. A cikin shekarar 1990s an ƙirƙiri wani ɓangaren, Ƙungiyar  'Yancin Cabinda ta ƙasa (União Nacional de Libertação de Cabinda), wanda Lumingu Luís Gimby ke jagoranta.&#x5B; ** &#x5D;

Wani ruƙuni na 'yan gudun hijira na Cabindese a cikin Netherlands a cikin shekarar 1996, "Frente de Libertação do Estado de Cabinda" (FLEC (Lopes), Liberation Front of the State of Cabinda)..

A cikin watan Disamba 2002, sojojin Angola sun sanar da kame FLEC-Renovada. 

FLEC-FAC ta ci gaba da gwagwarmayar neman 'yancin kai a ciki da wajen Cabinda. A cikin watan Oktoba 2006 FLEC-FAC ta nemi Hukumar Tarayyar Afirka kan Hakkokin Ɗan Adam da Jama'a ta sa baki.

### Kai hari a motar Bas ta Ƙungiyar kwallon kafar Togo
A ranar 8 ga watan Janairun 2010, yayin da sojojin Angola ke rakiyar su ta yankin Cabinda da ake takaddama a kai, wasu 'yan bindiga sun kai wa motar bas ɗin tawagar 'yan wasan kwallon kafar Togo hari a lokacin da suke tafiya gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta 2010. Rikicin da ya biyo baya ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mataimakin kocin, kakakin kungiyar da direban bas, tare da jikkata wasu da dama.

Wani reshe na FLEC ya ɗauki alhakin. Rodrigues Mingas, babban sakataren kungiyar 'yantar da yankin Cabinda-Military Position (Flec-PM), ya ce mayakansa sun nufi kai hari ga jami'an tsaro yayin da ayarin motocin ke wucewa ta Cabinda. Mingas ya shaidawa gidan talabijin na France 24 cewa: "Wannan harin ba wai a kan 'yan wasan Togo ne ba, an auna sojojin Angola da ke kan ayarin motocin." "Don haka wata dama ce da harbin bindiga ya afkawa 'yan wasan. Ba mu da alaka da 'yan ƙasar Togo kuma muna miƙa ta'aziyyarmu ga iyalai na Afirka da gwamnatin Togo. Muna fafutukar ganin an kwato Cabinda gaba ɗaya."

## Satar mutane
Mambobin ƙungiyar sun yi garkuwa da wasu ‘yan ƙasashen waje a Cabinda. A watan Mayun 2000, FLEC-FAC ta yi garkuwa da wasu 'yan ƙasashen waje uku da ma'aikacin gida ɗaya na wani ɗan kwangila na ƙasar Portugal waɗanda aka sako cikin watanni biyu. 

## Taimakon waje
Faransa na da sha'awar Angola sosai. Katafaren kamfanin mai na ƙasar Faransa TotalEnergies wanda ya yi wani sabon binciken mai a teku a watan Oktoban 2009, yana ƙara faɗaɗa kasancewarsa a ƙasar Angola. Ƙasar ita ce kasa ta biyu mafi yawan bayar da gudummawar samar da makamashin TotalEnergies bayan Najeriya.  Kafofin yaɗa labaran Angola sun ce Faransa da Portugal za su ba da izinin miƙa shugabannin kungiyar 'yan aware bayan harin da aka kai wa kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Togo a shekara ta 2010 wanda FLEC ta ɗauki alhakinsa.

## Duba kuma

* Jamhuriyar Cabinda
* Cabinda War
* Ƙungiyoyin 'yancin kai na Afirka
* Jerin ƙungiyoyin masu rajin cin gashin kai da masu ballewa

## Manazarta