Angela Carter

**Angela Olive Pearce** (tsohon **Carter**, née **Stalker** ; 7 Mayu 1940 - 16 Fabrairu 1992), wanda aka buga a ƙarƙashin sunan **Angela Carter**, marubuciya ce ta Ingilishi, marubuci ɗan gajeren labari, mawaƙi, kuma ɗan jarida, sananne ga mata, ainihin sihiri, da ayyukan picaresque . An san ta da littafinta mai suna *The Bloody Chamber* (1979). A cikin 1984, ɗan gajeren labarinta " Kamfanin Wolves " an daidaita shi zuwa fim mai suna iri ɗaya . A cikin 2008, *The Times* ya sanya Carter a matsayi na goma a cikin jerin "Mafi Girman marubutan Burtaniya 50 tun 1945".  A cikin 2012, an zaɓi *Nights a Circus* a matsayin mafi kyawun wanda ya taɓa cin kyautar James Tait Black Memorial Prize . 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Angela Olive Stalker a Eastbourne, a cikin 1940, zuwa Sophia Olive (née Farthing; 1905-1969), ma'aikaciyar kuɗi a Selfridge's, da ɗan jarida Hugh Alexander Stalker (1896-1988),  An fitar da Carter tun tana yarinya don ya zauna a Yorkshire tare da kakarta.  Bayan halartar makarantar sakandare ta Streatham da Clapham, a kudancin London, ta fara aiki a matsayin ɗan jarida a kan *Mai Tallace-tallacen Croydon*,  tana bin sawun mahaifinta. Carter ta halarci Jami'ar Bristol inda ta karanci adabin Turanci.  

Ta yi aure sau biyu, na farko a cikin 1960 ga Paul Carter, a ƙarshe ta sake aure a 1972. A cikin 1969, ta yi amfani da kuɗin da ta samu ta Somerset Maugham Award don barin mijinta kuma ta ƙaura zuwa Tokyo na tsawon shekaru biyu, inda, ta yi iƙirarin a cikin Nothing Sacred (1982), cewa ta "koyi abin da yake zama mace kuma ta zama mai tsattsauran ra'ayi". Ta rubuta game da abubuwan da ta samu a can a cikin labaran New Society da kuma a cikin tarin gajerun labarai, Wuta: Nine Profane Pieces (1974). Hakanan ana iya ganin shaidar abubuwan da ta samu a Japan a cikin Injinan Desire na Infernal na Doctor Hoffman (1972).

Daga nan ta binciki Amurka, Asiya, da Turai, wanda ya taimaka mata ta iya yaren Faransanci da Jamusanci. Ta shafe yawancin ƙarshen 1970s da 1980s a matsayin marubucin zama a jami'o'i, gami da Jami'ar Sheffield, Jami'ar Brown, Jami'ar Adelaide, da Jami'ar Gabashin Anglia . A cikin 1977, Carter ya sadu da Mark Pearce, wanda ta haifi ɗa ɗaya tare da wanda ta yi aure jim kaɗan kafin mutuwarta a 1992.  A cikin 1979, duka *The Bloody Chamber*, da mawallafinta na *mata Matar Sadeian da Akidun Batsa*  an buga su. A cikin *Ƙungiyar Jinin Jini*, ta sake rubuta tatsuniyoyi na al'ada domin su juyar da halayensu masu mahimmanci. A cikin hirar da ta yi da Helen Cagney a 1985, Carter ta ce, "Don haka, ina tsammanin abin da ke ba ni sha'awa shi ne yadda waɗannan tatsuniyoyi da tatsuniyoyi su ne hanyoyin fahimtar al'amura da wasu abubuwan da suka faru ta wata hanya."  Sarah Gamble, saboda haka, ta yi jayayya cewa littafin Carter alama ce ta son abin duniya, wato, "muradinta na dawo da tatsuniya a duniya domin ta nuna yadda za a yi amfani da shi don gano ainihin yanayin rayuwar yau da kullum. ".  A cikin *Mace ta Sadeian*, a cewar marubuciya Marina Warner, Carter "ya rushe muhawarar da ke karkashin *The Bloody Chamber* . Abin da ya shafi sha’awa ne da halakar da ita, kona kai ga mata, yadda mata ke hada baki da hada kai da halin da suke ciki na bauta. Ta kasance mai 'yancin kai fiye da na gargajiyar mata na zamaninta." 

Kazalika kasancewar ƙwararren marubucin almara, Carter ya ba da gudummawar labarai da yawa ga *[[The Guardian]]*, *The Independent* and *New Stateman*, wanda aka tattara a cikin *girgiza ƙafa* .  Ta daidaita adadin gajerun labarunta don rediyo kuma ta rubuta wasan kwaikwayo na asali guda biyu na rediyo akan Richard Dadd da Ronald Firbank . Biyu daga cikin ayyukanta na almara an daidaita su don fim: *Kamfanin Wolves* (1984) da *The Magic Toyshop* (1967). Ta kasance mai himma a cikin abubuwan daidaitawa guda biyu;  daga baya aka buga wasan kwaikwayo na allo a cikin *The Curious Room*, tarin rubuce-rubucenta masu ban mamaki, gami da rubutun rediyo da ma'anar opera da aka yi akan Virginia Woolf 's *Orlando* . Littafin littafin Carter *Nights a Circus* ya sami lambar yabo ta James Tait Black Memorial Prize don wallafe-wallafen 1984. Littafin littafinta na 1991 *Wise Children* yana ba da tafiye-tafiye ta hanyar wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya da al'adun zauren kiɗa .

Carter ta mutu tana da shekaru 51 a shekara ta 1992 a gidanta da ke Landan bayan ta kamu da cutar kansar huhu .   A lokacin mutuwarta, ta fara aiki a kan wani mabiyi na Charlotte Brontë 's *Jane Eyre* bisa ga rayuwar uwargidan Jane, Adèle Varens; taƙaitaccen bayani kawai ya tsira. 

## Ayyuka

### Littattafai

* *Shadow Dance* (1966, kuma aka sani da *Honeybuzzard* )
* *The Magic Toyshop* (1967)
* *Hanyoyi da yawa* (1968)
* *Jarumai da ƙauyuka* (1969)
* *Soyayya* (1971)
* *Infernal Desire Machines na Doctor Hoffman* (1972, kuma aka sani da *Yaƙin Mafarki* )
* *Ƙaunar Sabuwar Hauwa'u* (1977)
* *Dare a Circus* (1984)
* *Yara masu hikima* (1991)

### Gajerun tarin almara

* *Wuta: Nine Profane Pieces* (1974; Har ila yau, an buga su azaman *Wuta: Labarun Tara a Daban-daban Disguses* da *Wuta* )
* *Gidan Jini* (1979)
* "Ango" (1983) (Labarin da ba a tattara ba)
* *Black Venus* (1985; an buga shi azaman *waliyyai da baƙi* a Amurka)
* *Fatalwar Amurka da Abubuwan Al'ajabi na Tsohon Duniya* (1993)
* *Kona Jirgin Ruwa* (1995)

### Tarin wakoki

* *Five Shuru Shouters* (1966)
* *Unicorn* (1966)
* *Unicorn: Waƙar Angela Carter* (2015)

### Ayyukan ban mamaki

* *Ku zo Ga waɗannan Sandan Rawaya: Wasannin Rediyo huɗu* (1985)
* *Dakin ban mamaki: Wasan kwaikwayo, Rubutun Fim da Opera* (1996) (ya haɗa da wasan kwaikwayo na Carter don daidaitawa na *Kamfanin Wolves* da *The Magic Toyshop* ; Har ila yau, ya haɗa da abubuwan da ke cikin *Ku zo Zuwa Wadannan Sands na Zinariya: Wasannin Rediyo Hudu* )

### Littattafan yara

* *Yariman Jaki* (1970, wanda Eros Keith ya kwatanta)
* *[[Miss Z, the Dark Young Lady]]* (1970, wanda Eros Keith ya kwatanta)
* *Comic and Curious Cats* (1979, wanda Martin Leman ya kwatanta)
* *Moonshadow* (1982) wanda Justin Todd ya kwatanta
* *Sea-Cat da Dragon King* (2000, wanda Eva Tatcheva ya kwatanta)

### Ba labari

* *Matar Sadiya da Akidun Batsa* (1979)
* *Babu wani abu mai tsarki: Rubuce-rubucen da aka zaɓa* (1982)
* *Expletives Share: Zaɓaɓɓen Rubuce-rubucen* (1992)
* *Girgiza ƙafa: Tattara Jarida da Rubuce-rubuce* (1997)

Ta rubuta shigarwar guda biyu a cikin "Abubuwa ɗari na Jafananci" wanda Cibiyar Al'adun Japan ta buga a 1975. Ya ce "Ta rayu a Japan daga 1969 zuwa 1971 da kuma a lokacin 1974" 202).

### A matsayin edita

* *<nowiki/>'Yan Mata Masu Rashin Hankali da Mugayen Mata: Ƙirar Labarun Ƙarfafawa* (1986)
* *Littafin Tatsuniyoyi na Virago* (1990) aka *Littafin Tatsuniyar Tsohuwar Mata*
* *Littafin Virago na Biyu na Tatsuniyoyi* (1992) aka *m Abubuwa Har yanzu Wani lokaci suna faruwa: Tatsuniyoyi Daga Duniya* (1993)
* *Angela Carter's Book of Fairy Tales* (2005) (ya tattara littattafan biyu a sama)

### A matsayin mai fassara

* *Tatsuniyoyi na Charles Perrault* (1977)
* *Kyawun Barci da Sauran Tatsuniyoyi da Aka Fi So* (1982) wanda Michael Foreman ya kwatanta (Labarun Perrault tare da biyu na Leprince de Beaumont )

### Daidaitawar fim

* *Kamfanin Wolves* (1984) wanda Carter ya daidaita tare da Neil Jordan daga ɗan gajeren labarinta na wannan suna, " Wolf-Alice " da " The Werewolf "
* *The Magic Toyshop* (1987) wanda Carter ya daidaita daga littafinta mai suna iri ɗaya, kuma David Wheatley ya jagoranta.

### Rediyo yana kunna

* *Vampirella* (1976) wanda Carter ya rubuta kuma Glyn Dearman ya jagoranta don BBC. Ya kafa tushen don gajeren labari " Lady of the House of Love ".
* *Ku zo Ga waɗannan Sands Yellow Sands* (1979)
* *Kamfanin Wolves* (1980) wanda Carter ya daidaita daga ɗan gajeren labarinta mai suna iri ɗaya, kuma Glyn Dearman ya ba da umarni ga BBC.
* *Puss-in-Boots* (1982) wanda Carter ya daidaita daga ɗan gajeren labarinta kuma Glyn Dearman ya ba da umarni ga BBC.
* *Mutumin da Ya Yi Kai* (1984)

### Talabijin

* *Kundin Iyali Mai Tsarki* (1991)
* *Omnibus: dakin ban mamaki na Angela Carter* (1992)

## Nazari da suka

* Acocella, Joan (13 Maris 2017). "Metamorphoses: yadda Angela Carter ta zama babban masanin tarihin mata". Masu sukar. Littattafai. Jaridar New Yorker. Fashewa. 93, No. 4. shafi na 71-76. An buga shi a kan layi a matsayin "Angela Carter's feminist mythology".
* Crofts, Charlotte, "Matsayi mai ban sha'awa" ko "mahimmanci mai ban shaʼawa"? *"Yana da ban sha'awa da ba a yarda da shi ba" ko kuma "maimaitaccen labari"? *- Kamfanin Wolves *- Neil Jordan da Angela Carter* . A cikin Cartmell, Deborah, I. Q. Hunter, Heidi Kaye da Imelda Whelehan (eds), Sisterhoods Across the Literature Media Divide, London: Pluto Press, 1998, shafi na 48-63.]
* Crofts, Charlotte, Anagrams of Desire: Angela Carter's Writing for Radio, Film and Television. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2003.
* Crofts, Charlotte, 'Wani daga cikin Sauran": Angela Carter's 'New-Fangled' Orientalism. A cikin Munford, Rebecca Re-Visiting Angela Carter Texts, Contexts, Intertexts. London & New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006, shafi na 87-109.
* Dimovitz, Scott A., Angela Carter: Surrealist, Psychologist, Moral Pornographer. New York: Routledge, 2016.
* Dimovitz, Scott A. "Ni ne batun Maganar da aka rubuta akan Mirror: Angela Carter's Short Fiction and the Unwriting of the Psychoanalytic Subject". Lit: Littattafan Fassarar Littattafai 21.1 (2010): 1-19.
* Dimovitz, Scott A., "Angela Carter's Narrative Chiasmus: *Infernal Desire Machines na Doctor Hoffman* and The Passion of New Eve". Nau'i na XVII (2009): 83-111.
* Dimovitz, Scott A., "Nuts na Cartesian: Sake Rubuta Androgyne na Platonic a cikin Surrealism na Jafananci na Angela Carter". *FEMSPEC: Jaridar Mata ta Interdisciplinary*, 6:2 (Disamba 2005): 15-31.
* Dmytriieva, Valeriia V., "Canjin jinsi a cikin Turanci da Faransanci Modernist 'Bluebeard' Fairytale". *Nazarin harshen Ingilishi da wallafe-wallafen*, 6:3. (2016): 16–20.
* 
* Gordon, Edmund, The Invention of Angela Carter: A Biography . London: Chatto & Windus, 2016.
* Kérchy, Anna, ''Jiki-Texts a cikin Littattafan Angela Carter . '' Rubuta daga hangen nesa na Corporeagraphic . Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 2008.
* [Hasiya] An samo asali ne daga littafin nan The Bloody Chamber.
* Milne, Andrew, Angela Carter's The Bloody Chamber: A Reader's Guide, Paris: Editions Le Manuscrit Jami'ar, 2007.
* Munford, Rebecca (ed.), Re-Visiting Angela Carter Texts, Contexts, Intertexts An adana shi  . London & New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
* Tonkin, Maggie, Angela Carter da Decadence: Fictions masu mahimmanci / Fictional Critics . [Hasiya]
* Topping, Angela, mayar da hankali kan The Bloody Chamber da Sauran Labarai. London: The Greenwich Exchange, 2009.
* Wisker, Gina. "A Gida duk jini ne da gashin tsuntsaye: The Werewolf in the Kitchen - Angela Carter da Horror". A cikin Clive Bloom (ed), Creepers: British Horror and Fantasy in the Twentieth Century . London da Boulder CO: Pluto Press, 1993, shafi na 161-75.&nbsp;

## Tunawa da juna
Heritage na Turanci ya buɗe alamar shuɗi a gidan ƙarshe na Carter a 107, The Chase a Clapham, Kudancin London a cikin Satumba 2019. Ta rubuta yawancin littattafanta a cikin shekaru goma sha shida da ta rayu a adireshin, da kuma horar da matashi Kazuo Ishiguro . 

Laburaren Biritaniya ya sami Takardun Angela Carter a cikin 2008, babban tarin fayiloli da kundila 224 da ke dauke da rubuce-rubuce, wasiku, bayanan sirri, hotuna, da kaset na sauti. 

Ana kiran Angela Carter Close a Brixton bayan ta. 

## Manazarta