Charlie Munger

**Charles Thomas Munger** (1 ga Janairu, 1924) Nuwamba 28, 2023) ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan Amurka, mai saka hannun jari, lauya kuma mai taimakon jama'a. Shi ne mataimakin shugaban Berkshire Hathaway, kamfanin da Warren Buffett ke iko da shi, daga 1978 har zuwa rasuwarsa a 2023.  Buffett ya bayyana Munger a matsayin abokin tarayya mafi kusanci kuma na hannun dama, kuma ya yaba masa da kasancewa "mai tsara" falsafar kasuwancin Berkshire Hathaway ta zamani. 

Baya ga aikinsa a Berkshire Hathaway, Munger abokin tarayya ne na kafa kamfanin lauyoyi na California na Munger, Tolles & Olson ; shugaban Wesco Financial Corporation daga 1984 zuwa 2011; shugaban Daily Journal Corporation, wanda ke Los Angeles, California; da kuma darakta na Costco Wholesale Corporation .

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Charles Thomas Munger a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1924, a Omaha, Nebraska, ga Florence "Toody" (Russell) da Alfred Case Munger, lauya. Tun yana matashi, ya yi aiki a Buffett & Son, wani shagon kayan abinci mallakar kakan Warren Buffett, Ernest P. Buffett .   Kakansa, Thomas Charles Munger, wakilin jiha ne kuma daga baya ya zama alkalin kotun gundumar Amurka wanda Theodore Roosevelt ya naɗa. 

Ya yi rajista a Jami'ar Michigan, inda ya karanci lissafi.  A lokacin da yake kwaleji, ya shiga kungiyar Sigma Phi Society .  A farkon shekarar 1943, 'yan kwanaki bayan cikarsa shekaru 19, ya daina karatu a jami'a don yin aiki a Rundunar Sojojin Sama ta Amurka, inda ya zama Laftanar na biyu .  Bayan ya sami maki mai yawa a Jarrabawar Rarraba Janar ta Sojoji, an umarce shi da ya yi karatun yanayi a Caltech da ke Pasadena, California,  garin da zai zauna. 

Ta hanyar Dokar GI, Munger ya ɗauki darussa masu zurfi da dama ta jami'o'i da dama.  Lokacin da ya nemi shiga makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta mahaifinsa, Harvard Law School, shugaban makarantar ya ƙi shi saboda Munger bai kammala karatun digiri na farko ba. Duk da haka, shugaban makarantar ya ƙi amincewa bayan kiran Roscoe Pound, tsohon shugaban makarantar Harvard Law kuma abokin iyalin Munger.  Munger ya yi fice a makarantar lauya,  ya zama memba na Harvard Legal Aid Bureau kuma ya kammala karatunsa a 1948 da JD, *magna cum laude* .  

## Sana'a
Munger ya ƙaura da iyalinsa zuwa California, inda ya shiga kamfanin lauyoyi Wright & Garrett (wanda daga baya ya zama Musick, Peeler & Garrett).  A shekarar 1962, ya kafa kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauyan gidaje a Munger, Tolles &amp;amp; Olson LLP.  Daga nan ya daina aikin lauya don mayar da hankali kan sarrafa jarin kuma daga baya ya haɗu da Otis Booth a fannin haɓaka gidaje. Lokacin da ya haɗu da Buffett a lokacin cin abincin rana a Omaha Club, "su biyun sun fara magana game da zuba jari kuma ba su daina ba." 

A shekarar 1962, Munger ya haɗu da Jack Wheeler don kafa Wheeler, Munger, da Company, wani kamfanin saka hannun jari mai kujera a Kasuwar Hannun Jari ta Tekun Pacific . A cewar rubutun Buffett mai suna " The Superinventors of Graham-and-Doddsville ", wanda aka buga a shekarar 1984, haɗin gwiwar saka hannun jari na Munger ya samar da ribar shekara-shekara mai yawa na kashi 19.8% a lokacin 1962-75 idan aka kwatanta da ƙimar darajar shekara-shekara ta 5.0%. 

## Mutuwa
Munger ya mutu a wani asibiti a Santa Barbara, California a ranar 28 ga Nuwamba, 2023, yana da shekaru 99, kwanaki 34 kafin cikarsa shekara 100.   A cikin sanarwar da ya bayar da sanarwar mutuwarsa, Warren Buffett ya ce, "Ba za a iya gina Berkshire Hathaway zuwa matsayinta na yanzu ba tare da wahayi, hikima da kuma shiga Charlie ba."  Sauran fitattun mutane a cikin al'ummar 'yan kasuwan Amurka waɗanda suka fitar da sanarwa don tunawa da Munger sun haɗa da wanda ya kafa Microsoft Bill Gates, Shugaban Apple Tim Cook, Shugaban JP Morgan Chase Jamie Dimon, Shugaban Bankin Amurka Brian Moynihan da manajan asusun hedge Ray Dalio .  

### MANAZARTA