Tracey Ullman

**Tracey Ullman** (an haife ta a **Tracey Ullman** ; 30 ga Disamba 1959)  yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Burtaniya da Amurka, mai barkwanci, mawaƙiya, mai rawa, marubucin allo, furodusa, darakta, kuma marubuciya. Duk da cewa ana yawan kiranta da mai barkwanci, Ullman tana ɗaukar kanta a matsayin jarumar hali . Masu suka sun yaba da iyawarta na canzawa cikin da fita daga halaye da lafazi ba tare da wata matsala ba, inda mutane da yawa suka kira ta da "Mata Peter Sellers ".   

Ullman ta fara aikinta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo a kan dandamali, da kuma a wasan opera na Burtaniya Mackenzie, inda ta fito a matsayin Lisa Mackenzie. Bayan wasan kwaikwayo mai lambar yabo a wasan kwaikwayo na Four in a Million a Royal Court Theatre, ta fara wasan barkwanci. Ta fito a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin na Burtaniya mai suna A Kick Up the Eighties (tare da Rik Mayall da Miriam Margolyes ) da Three of a Kind (tare da Lenny Henry da David Copperfield ), wanda ya lashe kyautar BAFTA a 1984. Bayan ɗan gajeren aikin waƙa (wanda ya sami waƙoƙi uku mafi kyau a cikin goma), ta fito a matsayin Candice Valentine a cikin 'Yan Mata a kan Top tare da Dawn French da Jennifer Saunders .

Ullman ta yi ƙaura daga Burtaniya zuwa Amurka. Ta ci gaba da fitowa a cikin shirin barkwanci na talabijin nata, *The Tracey Ullman Show*, daga 1987 zuwa 1990, wanda kuma ya nuna farkon fitowar kamfanin watsa labarai mai rai *[[The Simpsons]]* . Daga baya ta shirya shirye-shirye don HBO, ciki har da *Tracey Takes On...* (1996–99) inda ta sami kyaututtuka da yawa. Ta fito a fina-finai da dama, ciki har da *Plenty* (1985) wanda ya ba ta kyautar BAFTA don Mafi Kyawun Jaruma Mai Tallafawa .  

A shekarar 2016, ta koma gidan talabijin na Burtaniya tare da shirin barkwanci na BBC mai suna *Tracey Ullman's Show*, aikinta na farko ga mai watsa shirye-shirye cikin sama da shekaru 30.  Wannan ya haifar da ƙirƙirar shirin barkwanci mai taken *Tracey Breaks the News* a shekarar 2017.

A shekarar 2017, an ruwaito cewa Ullman ta kasance attajirin barkwanci mafi arziki a Birtaniya kuma jarumar Birtaniya ta biyu mafi arziki,  tare da kimanin dukiyarta ta fam miliyan 80.  Ta sami kyaututtuka da dama, ciki har da kyaututtukan barkwanci na Amurka guda goma sha biyu, kyaututtukan Primetime Emmy guda bakwai, kyaututtukan British Academy Film guda biyu, kyaututtukan tauraron dan adam guda hudu, kyautar Golden Globe, da kyautar Screen Actors Guild .

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Tracey Ullman a Slough, Buckinghamshire (yanzu Berkshire ),  ƙarama ce a cikin 'ya'ya mata biyu,  ga Doreen ( née Cleaver ; 1929–2015), wanda ya fito daga Birtaniya da Roma,  da Anthony John Ullman (1917–1966), ɗan ƙasar Roman Katolika .  Anthony ya yi aiki a rundunar sojojin Poland kuma ya shiga yaƙin Dunkirk a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu .  Bayan ya yi ƙaura ya yi aure a Ingila, ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, mai sayar da kayan daki, da kuma wakilin tafiye-tafiye. Ya kuma yi sulhu tsakanin aure da fassara tsakanin al'ummar 'yan Poland da suka yi ƙaura. 

Lokacin da take da shekaru shida, mahaifin Ullman, wanda ke murmurewa daga tiyatar zuciya, ya mutu sakamakon bugun zuciya a gabanta.   Daga baya aka mayar da ita Hackbridge, kudu maso yammacin London . Mahaifiyarta ta sha wahala wajen biyan bukatunta ba tare da kudin shigar mahaifinsu ba.  A kokarin faranta wa iyalinta rai, Ullman, tare da 'yar uwarta Patti, sun kirkiro kuma sun yi wasannin kwaikwayo na dare a kan tagogi na ɗakin mahaifiyarsu. Bayan mahaifiyarsu ta sake yin aure, iyalan sun fara yawo a cikin ƙasar, inda Ullman ke halartar makarantun gwamnati da yawa, inda ta rubuta kuma ta yi wasa a wasannin kwaikwayo na makaranta. 

Daga ƙarshe ta jawo hankalin wani shugaban makaranta wanda ya ba ta shawarar ta halarci makarantar wasan kwaikwayo. Ta sami cikakken tallafin karatu zuwa makarantar koyon wasan kwaikwayo ta Italia Conti tana da shekaru goma sha biyu.  Tana da shekaru goma sha shida, ta halarci gwajin rawa a ƙarƙashin tunanin cewa tana neman lokacin bazara a Scarborough .  Gwajin ya haifar da kwangila da wani kamfanin rawa na Jamus don farfado da *Gigi* a Berlin.  Bayan dawowa Ingila, ta shiga ƙungiyar rawa ta ƙarni na biyu, tana yin wasa a London, Blackpool, da Liverpool .  Ta faɗaɗa zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kiɗa kuma an jefa ta cikin waƙoƙin West End da yawa ciki har da *Grease*, *Elvis The Musical*, da *The Rocky Horror Show* .  

## Aikin talabijin

### Shekarun farko
Ullman ta fara aikinta na talabijin a shekarar 1980 tana taka rawar 'yar Lynda Bellingham a cikin shirin talabijin na Mackenzie . "Na yi tunanin cewa na yi fice lokacin da na yi wani wasan kwaikwayo na sabulu na BBC. Na taka rawar wata kyakkyawar yarinya daga St John's Wood . 'Mama, ina tsammanin ina da ciki. Ban san wanda ya yi hakan ba.' Sai na faɗi ƙasa ko wani abu makamancin haka. 'EEEEE! A'a, na rasa wani jariri.' Da alama abin da kawai na taɓa yi shi ne zubar da ciki - ko yin yogurt."

Ullman ta fito a cikin fim ɗin Les Blair mai suna *Four in a Million*, wani wasan kwaikwayo da aka tsara game da wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa, a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Royal Court da ke Landan.  Ta lashe kyautar London Critics Circle Theatre Award a matsayin sabuwar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi alhaki saboda rawar da ta taka. 

A shekarar 1981, an saka ta a cikin shirin barkwanci na BBC Scotland mai suna *A Kick Up the Eighties*, wanda hakan ya sa aka ba ta kyautar shirin zane mai suna *Three of a Kind*, wanda ya fito tare da 'yan wasan barkwanci Lenny Henry da David Copperfield . Ullman ta ce, "Martani na farko shi ne cewa kina wasa ne, domin ana yi wa mata barkwanci mara kyau. Manyan masu gyaran gashi da duk irin waɗannan abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba sun yi min wahala."  Daga ƙarshe an cimma yarjejeniya da cewa za ta sami amincewar rubutun kuma za ta iya zaɓar kayan da za ta saka.  An fara shirin *Three of a Kind* a watan Yulin 1981, inda za ta yi aiki har zuwa 1983.  A duk tsawon shirin, Ullman za ta kuma rera waka, tana yin barkwanci na shahararrun mawakan zamanin kamar Toyah, Bananarama, Jennifer Warnes, da Dollar . *Three of a Kind* ya kai ga yin waƙa na ɗan gajeren lokaci amma mai nasara a shekarar 1983, haka kuma ya lashe kyautar BAFTA ta farko (don "Mafi Kyawun Wasan Nishaɗi Mai Kyau") a shekarar 1984.  A wannan lokacin, ta zama sananne a duniya inda kafofin watsa labarai na Burtaniya ke kiranta da "Tasirinmu". 

A shekarar 1985, ta shiga cikin shirin ITV sitcom *mai suna Girls on Top* . An yi mata fim a matsayin mai haƙa zinare mai suna Candice Valentine. Shirin, wanda tare da Dawn French, Ruby Wax, da Jennifer Saunders suka fito, ya ci gaba har zuwa wani shiri na biyu ba tare da Ullman ba wanda ya yi nasara bayan na farko.

### ''Nunin Tracey Ullman''

A shekarar 1985, mijinta, Allan McKeown, mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen talabijin mai zaman kansa na Burtaniya, ya shawo kan Ullman da ta haɗu da shi a Los Angeles, inda ya riga ya zauna a wani ɓangare.  Ta sa ido kan aikin fim da wasan kwaikwayo, tana mai imanin cewa babu wani abu da zai hana ta yin talabijin.   Wakilinta na Burtaniya ya tattara tarin faifan bidiyo na aikinta kuma ya fara yaɗa shi a Hollywood. Faifan ya sauka a hannun Craig Kellem, mataimakin shugaban barkwanci a Universal Television .  Nan da nan aka cimma yarjejeniya da CBS . Marubuciyar *Saturday Night Live* Anne Beatts ce ta rubuta " *I Love New York* ", wani shiri game da wata mace 'yar Burtaniya da ke aiki a New York, wacce ba ta da wayo.  Ba tare da jin daɗin alkiblar da cibiyar sadarwar ke son ɗauka ba, wakilin Ullman ya yanke shawarar tuntuɓar furodusa James L. Brooks .   Brooks ta ji cewa shirin zane zai fi dacewa da ita. "Me yasa za ku yi wani abu da Tracey ke taka rawa a talabijin alhali baiwarta tana buƙatar bambancin ra'ayi? Ba za ku iya rarraba Tracey ba, don haka wauta ce a fito da wani shiri da ya yi ƙoƙarin yin hakan."    *Shirin Tracey Ullman* ya fara fitowa a ranar 5 ga Afrilu 1987, tare da *Married...* *with Children* .  Shirin ya kuma samar da *[[The Simpsons]]* a matsayin jerin gajeren wando masu rai, ko " bumpers ", waɗanda za a watsa kafin da kuma bayan hutun kasuwanci. Daga ƙarshe za a mayar da gajeren wandon  zuwa jerin shirye-shiryensu na rabin sa'a a 1989.  An ba *Tracey Ullman Show* kyaututtuka goma na Primetime Emmy, inda Ullman ya lashe uku, ɗaya a cikin rukunin Fitaccen Wasan Kwaikwayo na Mutum a cikin Shirin Waƙa ko Nau'in Kiɗa a 1990.   Shirin shine shirin farko na Fox network primtime da ya lashe kyautar Emmy.  An kammala wasan kwaikwayo bayan kammala kakar wasa huɗu a shekarar 1990.  

### HBO

A shekarar 1991, mijin Ullman ya yi nasarar yin tayin shiga wani shirin talabijin a Kudancin Ingila . Shirye-shiryen talabijin da aka amince da su sun haɗa da shirin Tracey Ullman na musamman.  Ba kamar shirin Fox ba, za a ɗauki wannan shirin gaba ɗaya a wurin. *Tracey Ullman: Dokar Ajin Class*, wani shiri na tsarin ajin Birtaniya, an fara shi a ranar 9 ga Janairu 1993 a ITV .  Wannan ya sa HBO a Amurka ta fara sha'awar samun wani shiri na musamman a gare su, tare da gargadin cewa Ullman za ta ɗauki wani batu na Amurka. Ta zaɓi birnin New York .  *Tracey Ullman Takes on New York* ta fara fitowa a ranar 9 ga Oktoba 1993. Shirin ya ci gaba da lashe kyaututtuka biyu na Emmy, kyautar CableAce, kyautar barkwanci ta Amurka, da kyautar Writers Guild of America . Nasarar ta haifar da ƙirƙirar shirin barkwanci na HBO *Tracey Takes On...* a shekarar 1996. 

Ullman ta koma HBO a shekarar 2003 tare da shirin talabijin na musamman *Tracey Ullman a cikin Trailer Tales*, wanda ita ma ta ba da umarni.  Ta sake komawa HBO a shekarar 2005 tare da shirinta na mata ɗaya *Tracey Ullman: Live and Exposed* . 

### Siket mai launin shunayya da iskar oxygen
A shekara ta 2001, Ullman ta huta daga aikinta mai siffofi daban-daban kuma ta ƙirƙiri wani shirin tattaunawa na salon zamani ga Oxygen Network, *Visible Panty Lines na Tracey Ullman* . An samo shirin ne daga shagon kayan sawa na e-commerce Purple Skirt . Waɗanda aka yi hira da su sun haɗa da Arianna Huffington da Charlize Theron .  Shirin ya ɗauki tsawon yanayi biyu, inda ya ƙare a shekara ta 2002. 

### Lokacin wasan kwaikwayo
Bayan ta samu izinin zama ɗan ƙasa a Amurka, an sanar da ita a watan Afrilun 2007 cewa za ta sauya sheka daga HBO zuwa Showtime bayan ta yi aiki shekaru goma sha huɗu da tsohon.  *Fim ɗin "State of the Union" na Tracey Ullman*, wani sabon shirin barkwanci, ya fara fitowa a ranar 30 ga Maris 2008.    Ya ɗauki tsawon yanayi uku, ya ƙare a shekarar 2010.

### Komawa zuwa gidan talabijin na Burtaniya
Bayan ya shafe sama da shekaru 30 ba tare da ya halarci bikin ba, Ullman ya koma BBC da shirin barkwanci *na Tracey Ullman* a shekarar 2016.   An watsa shi a Amurka a HBO.  A shekarar 2017, shirin ya sami damar shiga gasar BAFTA don Mafi Kyawun Kayan Kwalliya da Zane na Gashi, da kuma kyautar Primetime Emmy Award ta farko a cikin rukunin Outstanding Variety Sketch Series .  A shekarar 2018, ya sami ƙarin zaɓen Primetime Emmy Award guda biyu a cikin rukunan Outstanding Variety Sketch Series da Outstanding Costumes for a Variety, Nonfiction, ko Reality Programming .  Shirin ya haifar da ƙirƙirar shirin barkwanci na yau da kullun *Tracey Breaks the News* a shekarar 2017.   

### Wasu ayyuka masu mahimmanci
A shekarar 1995, ta zama muryar zane mai ban dariya ta farko ta Little Lulu ta zamani.  A shekarar 1999, ta yi rawar da ta sake takawa a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan harkokin tunani a kan *Ally McBeal* . Wakarta ta ba ta lambar yabo ta Primetime Emmy Award, wacce ta zo ta bakwai, da kuma lambar yabo ta American Comedy Award wadda ita ce ta goma sha ɗaya.  A shekarar 2005, ta yi tare da Carol Burnett a cikin shirin talabijin na *Once Upon a Mattress* . Ta taka rawar Princess Winnifred, wani fim da Burnett ya fara shahara a Broadway. A wannan karon Burnett ta dauki matsayin Sarauniya Aggravain mai girman kai. 

A watan Maris na 2014, an gabatar da Ullman a matsayin Genevieve Scherbatsky, mahaifiyar jarumin Robin Scherbatsky a cikin fim ɗin *How I Met Your Mother* .  A ranar 15 ga Fabrairu, 2017, an sanar da cewa za ta fito a cikin wani shiri mai suna *Howards End* wanda Starz -BBC ta shirya tare, wanda ya ƙunshi jerin shirye-shirye masu iyaka, inda ta fito a matsayin Aunt Juley Mund. 

A ranar 14 ga Mayu 2019, an sanar da cewa Ullman za ta fito a matsayin Betty Friedan a cikin jerin fina-finan FX masu iyaka *Mrs. America* . Shirin fina-finan da suka kunshi kashi tara ya fara fitowa a ranar 15 ga Afrilu 2020 a Hulu, inda aka samu ra'ayoyi masu kyau.    Wasan kwaikwayonta ya sa ta zama Jaruma Mai Tallafawa a cikin jerin fina-finai masu iyaka ko kuma Fim na farko . 

Ullman ta taka rawar kansila Irma Kostroski a kakar wasa ta sha ɗaya da sha biyu ta *Curb Your Enthusiasm* . 

## Aikin kiɗa
 
Haɗuwa da matar shugaban Stiff Records ta sa Ullman ta sami kwangilar yin rikodi a shekarar 1983. An yi wa mai kamfanin Label Dave Robinson kallon wasu waƙoƙin kiɗa da take yi a talabijin a cikin fim ɗin *Three of a Kind* kuma ta sanya hannu a kanta.  Ullman ta ba da labarin, "Wata rana, ina wurin mai gyaran gashi na, sai matar Dave Robinson Rosemary ta sunkuya ta ce, 'Kina son yin rikodi?'... Na ce, 'Eh ina son yin rikodi.' Da na gwada komai." 

Cikin watanni 18, Ullman ta samu maki biyar a jerin waƙoƙin da ta fi so guda 30 a jadawalin waƙoƙin Burtaniya .  Waƙoƙinta guda biyu na farko ("Breakaway" da "They Don't Know") sun sami takardar shaidar Silver daga BPI, kamar yadda kundin waƙoƙinta na farko ya nuna. Waƙoƙin Ullman sun kasance masu ban sha'awa sosai a shekarun 1960 da 1970, tare da wani babban tasiri na shekarun 1980, "wani wuri tsakanin Minnie Mouse da Supremes " kamar yadda *Melody Maker* ya faɗa. 

Kundin wakokinta na farko da ta yi a shekarar 1983 *mai suna You Broke My Heart in 17 Places* ya kasance cikin manyan wakoki 20 da suka yi fice a Burtaniya, kuma ya ƙunshi wakoki uku mafi shahara a Burtaniya. Wakarta ta farko mai suna " Brakaway ", ta kai matsayi na 4 a Burtaniya.  Bayan haka sai aka sake buga wakokin Kirsty MacColl mai suna " They Don't Know " a duniya, wanda ya kai matsayi na 2 a Burtaniya,  da kuma matsayi na 8 a Amurka.  Bidiyon wakokin "They Don't Know" ya nuna fitowar Paul McCartney  (a lokacin, Ullman yana yin ƙaramin rawa a fim ɗin McCartney mai *suna "Give My Regards to Broad Street ").*  Waka ta uku daga cikin wakokin, wacce aka yi rikodin wakokin Doris Day mai suna " Move Over Darling ", ta kai matsayi na 8 a Burtaniya. 

Ullman ta fitar da kundin waƙoƙinta na biyu kuma na ƙarshe a ɗakin studio *mai suna You Caught Me Out* a shekarar 1984.  Wannan ya haɗa da sigar fim ɗin Madness mai suna " My Girl ", wanda ta canza zuwa " My Guy ", wanda ya kai lamba #23.  Bidiyon da ke tare da shi ya nuna wani fim mai ban sha'awa daga ɗan siyasar jam'iyyar Labour ta Birtaniya, Neil Kinnock, a lokacin Shugaban 'Yan adawa .  Waƙarta ta ƙarshe mai suna Top 30, " Sunglasses " (1984), ta kai matsayi na #18 a Burtaniya kuma ta nuna ɗan wasan barkwanci Adrian Edmondson a bidiyon waƙarta.  A wannan lokacin ta kuma fito a matsayin baƙon VJ a MTV a Amurka. 

## Aikin fim
Tare da aikinta na talabijin, Ullman ta fito a fina-finai da yawa a tsawon rayuwarta. Fim ɗinta na farko na wasan kwaikwayo ƙaramin rawa ne a fim ɗin Paul McCartney *mai suna Give My Regards to Broad Street* (1984).  Bayan haka sai kuma rawar da ta taka a cikin wasan kwaikwayo *na Plenty* (1985) wanda Meryl Streep ta taka.  Ta fara fitowa a matsayin jagorar babban fim ɗinta a cikin *I Love You to Death* (1990) tana taka rawa tare da Kevin Kline, River Phoenix, da Joan Plowright . Ta fito a matsayin jagora da mataimaki a cikin fina-finai kamar *Robin Hood: Men in Tights* (1993),  Nancy Savoca 's *Household Saints* (1993),  *Bullets Over Broadway* (1994),  *Small Time Crooks* (2000), *Panic* (2000) da *A Dirty Shame* (2004).  An zaɓe ta don lambar yabo ta Golden Globe a cikin rukunin Mafi Kyawun Jaruma – Motion Picture Musical ko Comedy saboda aikinta a cikin *Small Time Crooks* a 2001.  Ta taka rawar Jack's Mother a cikin fim ɗin 2014 na Broadway musical *Into the Woods*  kuma ta fito a cikin fim ɗin kiɗa *The Prom* (2020).  Ta taka rawa tare a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Tim Mielants wanda *Steve* (2025) wanda aka tsara bisa ga littafin *Shy* na Max Porter . 

Ayyukan muryarta a fim sun haɗa da fim ɗin *Corpse Bride na Tim Burton*  da kuma fina-finan zane mai rai *The Tale of Despereaux*  da *Onward* . 

## Gidan wasan kwaikwayo
Ullman ta yi aiki mai zurfi tun daga shekarun 1970. A shekarar 1980, ta fito a cikin *Talent* na Victoria Wood a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Everyman da ke Liverpool.  A shekarar 1982, ta taka rawar Kate Hardcastle a cikin *She Stoops to Conquer* .  A shekarar 1983, ta shiga cikin bitar Andrew Lloyd Webber 's *Starlight Express*, inda ta taka rawar Pearl,  kuma ta yi wasa a cikin Snoo Wilson 's *The Grass Widow* a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Royal Court tare da Alan Rickman . 

A shekarar 1990, ta fito a matsayin wacce ta fito a matsayin jaruma Morgan Freeman a matsayin Kate a cikin fim ɗin Shakespeare a cikin shirin Park na *Taming of the Shrew* wanda aka shirya a Wild West don Joe Papp .  A shekarar 1991, ta yi wasa a Broadway a cikin shirin Jay Presson Allen na mace ɗaya mai suna *The Big Love*, wanda aka yi bisa ga littafin mai suna iri ɗaya.  Dukansu *Taming of the Shrew* da *The Big Love* sun sami kyaututtukan Theatre World Awards . 

A shekarar 2011, ta koma fagen wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya a wasan kwaikwayo na Stephen Poliakoff mai suna *My City* .  Wakarta ta sa ta sami lambar yabo ta  Theatre Awards don Mafi Kyawun Jaruma.  A shekarar 2012, ta shiga cikin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na Eric Idle 's *What About Dick?,* wanda aka bayyana a matsayin wasan kwaikwayo na rediyo mai ban dariya na stand-up na shekarun 1940, inda ta dauki matsayi uku. Wasan kwaikwayon ya gudana na tsawon dare huɗu a watan Afrilu a Los Angeles a Orpheum Theatre. Ta yi wasan a baya a gwajin gwajin Idle a shekarar 2007.  Membobin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo sun haɗa da Idle, Eddie Izzard, Billy Connolly, Russell Brand, Tim Curry, Jane Leeves, Jim Piddock, da Sophie Winkleman .  A ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 2014, an sanar da ita a hukumance cewa za ta fito a cikin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na *The Band Wagon* . 

## Manazarta