Paulette Duhalde

**Paulette Duhalde** (23 ga Yulin 1921 - 23 ga Afrilu 1945)  ya kasance mayaƙan adawa na Faransa, wanda ke aiki a ƙarƙashin sunan "Jojo" tare da Jeanne Network a yankin Normandy na Faransa a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II . Wani ɗan leƙen asiri a cikin hanyar sadarwa ya ci amanar ta ga Gestapo, an kama ta, an yi mata shari'a, an yanke mata hukuncin shekaru biyar a kurkuku, kuma an ɗaure ta a Fresnes kafin a kore ta zuwa gidan yarin Aachen, Jamus. Daga baya aka tura ta kurkuku a Cottbus kusa da Leipzig, sannan aka kai ta, a 1944, zuwa sansanin Nazi a Jamus da aka sani da Ravensbrück . Ta mutu a can a ranar 23 ga Afrilu 1945.

An girmama ta da kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da Legion of Honor, ana tunawa da rayuwarta a cikin karamin nune-nunen dindindin a cikin Hall of Deportation a cikin Musée du Château de Flers (Museum of the Castle of Flers) a Flers de l'Orne . 

## Shekaru na farko
An haife shi a ranar 23 ga Yulin 1921 a yankin Normandy na Faransa a cikin al'ummar Flowers kuma an yi masa baftisma a cocin Roman Katolika a St. Germain, Paulette Duhalde ita ce kawai ɗan M. Edouard Duhalde. Mahaifiyarta tana gudanar da kofi a Flers . "Mai launin ruwan kasa mai idanu" wanda ke jin daɗin kasancewa a cikin ƙaramin lambu na gidan danginta na Rue du Champ-de-Foire, an ruwaito cewa ta karanta labaran bincike da na leken asiri tun tana matashiya, kuma ta kasance ɗalibar tarihi da kimiyya a makarantar Notre-Dame a cikin al'ummarta, wacce ta yi mafarkin zama mai jirgin sama, amma kuma daga baya ta yi tunanin bin sawun St. Theresa na Lisieux. A lokacin da take matashiya, ta sami aiki a matsayin magatakarda a Banque de France de Flers . An tilasta mata barin wannan aikin a shekara ta 1940 lokacin da bankin ya rage ma'aikatanta don mayar da martani ga mamayar garinsu da sojojin Jamus suka yi, ta sami damar komawa aikinta a can bayan shekaru biyu na sakatariya.

## Yaƙin Duniya na II
A ƙarshen Nuwamba 1940, Paulette Duhalde ta sami sabon aiki a matsayin sakatariyar masanin masana'antu Alphonse Warcin, matsayin da ta ci gaba da rikewa har zuwa watan Agusta 1942 lokacin da ta sami damar komawa aiki a matsayin magatakarda na Bankin Faransa. Yayinda take aiki tare da Warcin, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin mayakan Faransanci na farko a cikin al'ummarta lokacin da ta shiga cibiyar sadarwa ta Jeanne a watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1941. An sanya masa suna ne don manajansa, Robert Jeanne, jami'in ajiya tare da rundunar sojan saman Faransa, wannan cibiyar sadarwa ta shiga cikin ayyukan juriya waɗanda aka tsara don rushe ayyukan Nazi Luftwaffe a yankin Normandy na Faransa. Yayinda take aiki a matsayin jami'in hulɗa na cibiyar sadarwa ga Kwamandan Kasa Rupied da Robert Esparre de Caen, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai aikawa a ƙarƙashin sunan "Jojo". Bayar da sadarwa na juriya tsakanin Alençon, Caen, Paris, da Vire, ta kuma lura da bayar da rahoto game da motsi na sojojin Jamus da kayan aiki, kuma a ƙarshe ta kai matsayin mataimakin na biyu na Sojojin Cikin Gida na Faransa, bisa ga takardun da ke da ke da alaƙa da kyaututtuka don jaruntaka wanda daga baya za ta karɓa daga gwamnatin Faransa  .

A lokacin rani ko kaka na shekara ta 1942, kungiyar Jeanne ta shiga cikin "mole," wanda ya sa shugabannin ta su rushe cibiyar sadarwa; amsarsu ta zo da wuri. Wannan mutumin ya ci amanar shi ga Geheime Staatspolizei (kungiyar 'yan sanda ta Nazi da aka fi sani da "Gestapo"), an kama mambobi da yawa na tsohon cibiyar sadarwa a watan Nuwamba 1942, ciki har da Robert Jeanne da Henri Brunet, waɗanda aka kama a ranar 11 ga Nuwamba, da kuma Pierre Doucet, Countess de Majo-Durezzo da Louis Esparre, waɗanda aka gano kuma kama su a Perpignan a watan Disamba.

Paulette Duhalde (wanda aka fi sani da "Jojo") ya zama ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda aka farauta a lokacin wannan taron. Gestapo ta yi mata tambayoyi a ranar 9 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1942 yayin da take aiki a reshen Banque de France a Flers, ta sami nasarar canja wurin jakar takardun adawa zuwa ga abokin aiki, Mrs. Vaubaillon, yayin da jami'an Gestapo ke hira da sauran ma'aikatan banki. Jami'an Gestapo sun ci gaba da tambayar ta, suka yanke shawarar kama ta, kuma suka tsare ta a kurkuku a Fresnes a ranar 12 ga Disamba. An yi mata shari'ar leken asiri ta majalisar yaki ta Luftwaffe ta Jamus a birnin Paris a ranar 11 ga Mayu, an yanke mata hukunci a ranar 17 ga Yuni 1943 zuwa shekaru biyar na kurkuku. Da farko ta koma kurkuku a Fresnes, an sanya ta a bene na uku a cikin lambar tantanin halitta 308, kuma an sanya ta cikin kicin da tsaftace kurkuku a lokacin da ta share bene da wanke wanki. An tura ta kurkuku a Aachen a ranar 8 ga Yuli 1943, sannan aka kore ta a ranar 22 ga Yuli zuwa kurkukun Cottbus kusa da Leipzig, Jamus.  

A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba 1944 an kai ta daga Cottbus zuwa sansanin fursuna na Ravensbrück . An sanya jan triangle a cikin tufafinta, yana nuna matsayinta a matsayin fursuna na siyasa. Gida a cikin yanayin da ya cika, marasa tsabta inda aka fallasa ta ga mata da ke fama da cututtuka daban-daban, ta kara rashin abinci mai gina jiki daga rashin isasshen abinci da rashin ingancin abinci da aka bayar. Ƙarfinta ya kara raunana ta hanyar ayyukan daki-daki na aiki a kwanakin zafi ko sanyi wanda aka buƙaci ta sauke wagons cike da kayan sababbin fursunoni, tsarawa, da ɗaukar waɗannan abubuwa zuwa wuraren ajiyar da aka tsara. A watan Janairun shekara ta 1945, annobar typhus ta mamaye sansanin. Makonni kadan bayan haka, Paulette Duhalde ta yi rashin lafiya sosai da cutar huhu har aka tsare ta a barikinta. Yayin da lafiyarta ta kara tabarbarewa, abokanta sun ɓoye ta daga masu tsaron Nazi da niyyar neman 'yan takara don cirewa zuwa ɗakunan gas na sansanin. A takaice, ta tilasta wa kanta komawa aikinta, amma nan da nan ta sake yin rashin lafiya, sannan aka tsare ta tare da wasu mata 150 masu fama da rashin lafiya a Block 8 na Ravensbrück. Yayinda take can, an buƙace ta raba gado tare da wata mace. Wannan matar, wacce ta tsira daga rashin lafiyarta, daga baya ta ba da rahoton cewa lafiyar Paulette Duhalde ta ci gaba da raguwa, duk da kokarin abokanta na taya ta murna da labarai na kusantar sojojin Rasha. Daga ƙarshe ta raunana sosai har ta kasa ciyarwa ko wanke kanta, ta mutu a Ravensbrück a ranar 23 ga Afrilu 1945 .   

## Kyaututtuka
An girmama Paulette Duhalde bayan mutuwarta da kyaututtuka da yawa, kuma ana tunawa da gajeren rayuwarta ta hanyar tunawa da jama'a da yawa: 

* Rundunar girmamawa;
* Gicciye na Yaƙi 1939-1945 tare da dabino (Faransa) ; da
* Medal na Resistance

A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1945, an girmama jaruntakarta tare da sanya takarda a waje na ginin Banque de France a Flers; a shekarar 1966, mai zane-zane Petrus ya tsara kamanninta don dutse, wanda aka nuna a tsakiyar filin Flers daga 1999 har zuwa lokacin da aka sake komawa coci a St. Germain.[1] Har ila yau, rayuwarta ta ci gaba da yin bikin ta hanyar karamin nune-nunen dindindin a cikin Hall of Deportation a cikin Musée du Château de Flers (Museum of the Castle of Flers) a Flers de l'Orne . [2]

## Manazarta