Ƙasar Łódź

**Łódź Voivodeship** ( Yaren mutanen Poland: województwo łódzkie pl) Voivodeship (lardi) ne na Poland.  Ana kiran lardin ne bayan babban birninta kuma birni mafi girma, Łódź, mai suna [wut͡ɕ]**.**

Łódź Voivodeship yana da iyaka da wasu voivodeships guda shida: Masovia_Voivodeship" id="mwLA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Masovian Voivodeship">Masovian a arewa da gabas, Świętokrzyskie a kudu maso gabas, Silesia a kudu, Opole a kudu maso yamma, Greater Poland a yamma, da Kuyavian-Pomeranian na ɗan gajeren lokaci zuwa arewa. Yankin yana cikin larduna uku na tarihi na Poland - Masovia (a gabas), Greater Poland (a yamma) da Lesser Poland (a kudu maso gabas, kusa da Opoczno).

## Birane da garuruwa

Yankin ya ƙunshi birane 11 da garuruwa 35. Wadannan an jera su a ƙasa a cikin jerin saukowar yawan jama'a (bisa ga adadi na hukuma na 31 ga Disamba 2021): 

## Rarrabawar gudanarwa
Łódź Voivodeship ya kasu kashi 24 (powiats): 3 birane counties da 21 land counties. Wadannan an kara raba su zuwa gminas 177.

An jera yankuna a cikin tebur mai zuwa (an tsara su a cikin rukunoni ta hanyar saukowar yawan jama'a). 

## Yankunan da aka kare

Yankunan da aka kare a cikin Łódź Voivodeship sun haɗa da wuraren shakatawa na wurare bakwai, kamar yadda aka jera a ƙasa.

* Gidan shakatawa na Bolimów (a wani bangare a cikin Masovian Voivodeship) 
* Gidan shakatawa na tsaunuka na Łódź
* Gidan shakatawa na Przedbórz (a wani bangare a cikin Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship) 
* Gidan shakatawa na Spała
* Gidan shakatawa na Sulejów
* Gidan shakatawa na Warta-Widawka
* Załęcze Landscape Park (a wani bangare a cikin Silesian Voivodeship) 

## Tattalin Arziki
Gross domestic product (GDP) na lardin ya kai Yuro biliyan 26.7 a cikin 2018, wanda ya kai kashi 6.0% na tattalin arzikin Poland. GDP na kowane mutum da aka daidaita don ikon sayen ya kasance Yuro 19,800 ko 66% na matsakaicin EU27 a wannan shekarar. GDP na kowane ma'aikaci ya kasance 66% na matsakaicin EU.

## Tarihi

Yankin ya zama wani yanki na Poland tun lokacin da aka kafa shi a karni na 10.  Manyan garuruwan da suka fi dadewa a yankin sun hada da Biała Rawska, Brzeziny, Inowłódz, Łęczyca, Łowicz, Pajęczno, Radomsko, Rozprza, Sieradz, Wolbórz da Żarnów.   Łęczyca, Rawa Mazowiecka, Sieraz da Wieluń sun zama kujerun ducal na daular Piast.  Voivodeship na yanzu Łódź Voivodeship yana da kusanci tare da tarihin Łęczyca Land da Sieradz Land hade, don haka Łęczyca da Sieradz voivodeships na tsohuwar Mulkin Poland, ko da yake ya ƙunshi sassan Mazovia (a arewa maso gabas) da Ƙananan Poland (a kudu maso gabas).  Piotrków Trybunalski, a halin yanzu birni na biyu mafi girma a lardin, ya shirya tarurruka da yawa na Majalisar Dokokin Poland, na ƙarshe a cikin 1567, kuma shine wurin zama na Kotun Crown na Lardin Greater Poland, kotun daukaka kara a Masarautar Poland.  Garuruwan Ozorków, Aleksandrów Łódzki, Zduńska Wola, Stryków, Konstantynów Łódzki, Zgierz, Tomaszów Mazowiecki, Łódź da Pabianice sun sami ci gaba sosai a lokacin juyin juya halin masana'antu bayan an kafa masana'antar masana'anta a can tsakanin 1827 da ƙari.  garuruwan da ke yankin.] Bolimów ita ce wurin yakin Bolimów (31 ga Janairu 1915) a lokacin yakin duniya na daya inda aka yi amfani da makaman gas a karon farko, lokacin da sojojin Jamus suka yi wa sojojin Rasha hari da xylyl bromide.
 

Babban birnin Łódź Voivodeship koyaushe Łódź ne, amma yankin ƙasar da ya ƙunshi ya canza sau da yawa. Na farko shi ne sashin gudanarwa da karamar hukuma a Jamhuriyar Poland ta Biyu a cikin shekarun 1921-1939. A cikin 1938 an ba da wasu yankuna na yamma ga Greater Poland Voivodeship (duba: Canje-canje na Yankin Polish Voivodeships a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1938).

Bayan canjin, yankuna Łódź Voivodeship ya kasance  kilomita 20,446 (7,894 sq , kuma yawan jama'arta (kamar yadda yake a 1931) ya kasance 2,650,100. Ya kunshi 15 powiats (gundumomi):

* Gundumar Brzeziny,
* Gundumar Końskie,
* Gundumar Kutno,
* Gundumar Łask,
* Gundumar Łęczyca,
* Gundumar Łowicz,
* birnin Łódź county (powiat łódzki grodzki),
* Gundumar Łódź,
* Gundumar Opoczno,
* Gundumar Piotrków Trybunalski,
* Gundumar Radomsko,
* Gundumar Rawa Mazowiecka,
* Gundumar Sieradz,
* Gundumar Skierniewice,
* Gundumar Wieluń.

Manyan biranen da ke cikin yankin sune (yawan jama'a bisa ga ƙidayar shekara ta 1931):

* Łódź (pop. 604,600),
* Piotrków Trybunalski (mutane 51,300),
* Pabianice (pop. 45,700),
* Tomaszów Mazowiecki (pop. 38,000),
* Zgierz (pop. 26,600),
* Kutno (pop. 23,400),
* Radomsko (pop. 23,000).

Tushen: Mały rocznik statystyczny 1939, Nakładem Glo Danny Urzędu Statystycznego, Warszawa 1939 (Taƙaitaccen Shekarar Kididdiga na Poland, Warsaw 1939).

Wieluń ita ce wurin da aka kai harin bam na Wieluń da Jamus ta gudanar a ranar 1 ga Satumbar 1939, wanda aka yi la'akari da shi babban tashin bam na farko na yakin duniya na biyu.  A lokacin yakin dai kasar Jamus ta mamaye kasar, inda 'yan mamaya suka aiwatar da manufofinsu na kisan kiyashi kan 'yan sanda da Yahudawan yankin, tare da korarsu, da sace kananan yara, da kisan kiyashi na fararen hula da fursunonin yaki.  Jamus ta gudanar da gidajen yari da yawa, ciki har da sanannen sananne a cikin Łódź da Sieradz,] da sansanonin tilastawa aiki.  Łódź Ghetto, ghetto na biyu mafi girma na Yahudawa a duk Turai da Jamus ta mamaye, tana cikin Łódź.  Warta shine wurin da Aktion T4 ya kashe mutane sama da 500 masu tabin hankali..

Jiki na gaba ya wanzu daga 1945 har zuwa 1975 (ko da yake an cire birnin Łódź a matsayin wani birni na gari). Wannan Łódź Voivodeship ya rabu, wanda Łódź (duba ƙasa), Sieradz, Piotrków Trybunalski, Skierniewice da kuma wani ɓangare na Płock Voivodeships suka maye gurbinsa.

Łódź Voivodeship, wanda aka fi sani da Łódź Metropolitan Voivodeships (*województwo miejskie łódzkie*), ya wanzu daga 1975 har zuwa 1998, bayan haka aka haɗa shi cikin Łódź voivodeship na yau. Har zuwa 1990, magajin garin Łódź shi ne kuma gwamnan voivodeship.

Ya zuwa 1995, manyan birane da garuruwa a cikin Łódź Metropolitan Voivodeship sun haɗa da (tare da yawan jama'ar su na 1995):

* Łódź (825,600);
* Pabianice (75,700);
* Zgierz (59,100);
* Ozorków (21,900);
* Aleksandrów Łódzki (20,400).

An kirkiro Łódź Voivodeship na yanzu a ranar 1 ga Janairun 1999 daga tsohon Łódź voivodeship (1975-1999) da Sieradz, Piotrków Trybunalski da Skierniewice Voivodeships da kuma wani ɓangare na Płock Voivodesship, bisa ga sake fasalin kananan hukumomin Poland da aka karɓa a shekarar 1998. A watan Yulin 2025 gwamnatin voivodeship ta sayi ofisoshi a ginin ofishin Brama Miasta a titin Kilińskiego na 66a tare da niyyar karfafa ofisoshi waɗanda aka yada a wurare daban-daban a cikin birni.

## Al'adu da ilimi

Ayyukan al'adu na asali a cikin yankin Łódź sune: kula da ayyukan cibiyoyin al'adu na gwamnati guda bakwai, watau Arthur Rubinstein Łódź Philharmonic, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art a Łódź (yana da ɗayan manyan tarin kayan fasaha na zamani a Turai), Gidan Opera, Stefan Jaracz gidan wasan kwaikwayo, Gidan Tarihi na Archaeology, da Kundin Tarihi na Jama'a na Municici, Jofici da Ethzen.  a cikin Łódź, Cibiyar Al'adu a cikin Łódź amma kuma: tallafawa kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, kariya ga abubuwan tunawa, bayar da kyauta ga matasa masu fasaha da kuma lada ga fitattun masu fasaha.  Bugu da kari, ana gudanar da ayyukan samar da ababen more rayuwa.  Daga cikin mafi mahimmancin zuba jarurruka shine: ƙirƙirar wuraren yanki guda hudu a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Stefan Jaracz, buɗe sabon sashe na Gidan Tarihi na Art a Łódź - ms² ko sake gina matsuguni na zamani a Tum a cikin kusancin Łęczyca.

Ya zuwa 2020, akwai dalibai 76,897 a cibiyoyin ilimi mafi girma a Łódź Voivodeship .  Manyan jami'o'i a cikin voivodeship sune:

* Jami'ar Łódź
* Jami'ar Fasaha ta Lodz
* Makarantar Fim ta Kasa a Łódź
* Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Łódź
* Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta Kasa a Kutno
* Kwalejin Fine Arts A Łódź
* Jami'ar Jan Kochanowski a Piotrków Trybunalski

Kyakkyawan ma'aikatan kimiyya na cibiyoyin ilimi mafi girma a Łódź sun hada da masana kimiyya na Łódź daga Cibiyar Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Poland (PAN) da cibiyoyin ma'aikatar kimiyya da ke aiki a fagen kiwon lafiya, masana'antu, takarda da fata.

## Abubuwan gani da yawon bude ido
Akwai Tarihin Tarihi guda biyar na Poland a cikin voivodeship:

* Cocin Łowicz
* Yanayin masana'antu na Łódź
* Fadar Nieborów da wurin shakatawa 
* Abbey na Sulejów
* Ikilisiyar Tum

Akwai gidaje da yawa ko dai gaba ɗaya ko wani yanki da aka kiyaye a lardin, ciki har da a Bąkowa Góra, Besiekiery, Bolesławiec, Drzewica, Inowłódz, Łęczyca, Opoczno, Oporów, Piotrków Trybunalski, Uniejów, da manyan fadoji, ciki har da a cikin Poddęnice, Poddęnice, Walalkice, Poddęnice, Poddęnice, Poddęnice, Walłodz.  Wola-Chojnata da dama a cikin Łódź kadai.

Akwai wuraren tunawa da yakin duniya na biyu da yawa, gami da gidan kayan gargajiya a shafin yanar gizon tsohon gidan yarin Nazi na Jamus Radogoszcz a Łódź, da kuma abubuwan tunawa a wuraren kisan kiyashi da sansanoni na Jamus.
Fayil:Pałac_Maurycego_Poznańskiego_z_1896_r,_obecnie_muzeum_sztuki_-_panoramio.jpg|Museum of Art, Łódź
Fayil:Nieborów_Pałac_elewacja_ogrodowa_MZW3342.JPG|Nieborów Palace
Fayil:Collegiate_Church_in_Tum.jpg|Tum Collegiate Church
Fayil:Łęczyca_003_-_zamek.jpg|Łęczyca Royal Castle
Fayil:Oporów_zamek_1.jpg|Oporów Castle
Fayil:Walewice_pałac_3.JPG|Walewice Palace
Fayil:Bazylika_Katedralna_w_Łowiczu_-_04.jpg|Łowicz Cathedral
Fayil:Uniejów_Castle.jpg|Uniejów Castle
Fayil:Wola_Chojnata_-_pałac-003.JPG|Palace in Wola-Chojnata
Fayil:Izrael_Poznański_Palace_in_Łódź_03.jpg|Poznański Palace in Łódź
Fayil:Palac_Sokolniki.jpg|Sokolniki Palace
Fayil:Zamek_w_Inowłodzu_-_Widok_ogólny.jpg|Inowłódz Castle


## Wasanni

Kwallon ƙafa da volleyball suna jin daɗin mafi yawan mabiya a lardin. ŁKS Łódź da Widzew Łódź sun fafata a Łódź Derby, daya daga cikin manyan wasannin kwallon kafa a Poland.

Tun lokacin da aka kafa lardin, lardin ya shirya wasannin wasanni da yawa na kasa da kasa, ciki har da EuroBasket 2009, 2009 Women's European Volleyball Championship, EuroBasket Women 2011, 2014 FIVB Volleyball World Championship, da 2019 FIFA U-20 World Cup.

## Abubuwan da ke da ban sha'awa

* Harshen Yaren mutanen Poland na mazaunan voivodeship an dauke shi mafi kusa da harshen wallafe-wallafen Yaren mutanen Polish, saboda yankin bai bunkasa yarensa ba, amma wuri ne na haɗuwa da yaruka daga yankuna masu girma na Poland, Ƙananan Poland, Mazovia da Silesia.
* A cikin karni na 17, garuruwan Brzeziny, Sieradz da Warta sun kasance gida ga manyan al'ummomin Scotland.