Gardamar Sashin Binciken Yanayi na imel

**Rigimar Sashin Binciken Yanayi na imel** (wanda kuma aka sani da "Climategate") ya fara ne a cikin Nuwamba 2009 tare da hacking na sabar a Sashin Binciken Yanayi (CRU) a Jami'ar Gabashin Anglia (UEA) ta wani maharin waje, kwafi dubunnan imel da fayilolin kwamfuta (Climatic Research Unit) makonni da yawa ya canza canjin yanayi na Summi.

Masu musun canjin yanayi sun fara karya labarin, waɗanda suka yi jayayya cewa imel ɗin ya nuna cewa ɗumamar yanayi makircin kimiyya ne kuma masana kimiyya sun yi amfani da bayanan yanayi da ƙoƙarin murkushe masu suka. CRU ta yi watsi da hakan, tana mai cewa an fitar da saƙon imel daga mahallin. FactCheck.org ya ruwaito cewa masu musun canjin yanayi sun yi kuskuren bayanin abubuwan da ke cikin imel. Mawallafin marubuci James Delingpole ya shahara da kalmar "Climategate" don kwatanta takaddamar.

Kafofin watsa labarai na yau da kullun sun dauki labarin, yayin da aka fara tattaunawa kan rage sauyin yanayi a Copenhagen a ranar 7 ga Disamba 2009. Saboda lokacin da aka yi, masana kimiyya, masu tsara manufofi da ƙwararrun hulɗar jama'a sun ce sakin saƙon imel wani yaƙin neman zaɓe ne da nufin lalata taron yanayi. In response to the controversy, the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), the American Meteorological Society (AMS) and the Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) released statements supporting the scientific consensus that the Earth's mean surface temperature had been rising for decades, with the AAAS concluding: "based on multiple lines of scientific evidence that global climate change caused by human activities is now underway... it is a growing threat to society".

Kwamitoci takwas ne suka binciki zargin tare da buga rahotanni, ba tare da samun wata shaida ta zamba ko rashin da’a a kimiyya ba. Yarjejeniyar kimiyya cewa dumamar yanayi na faruwa a sakamakon ayyukan ɗan adam bai canza ba a duk tsawon binciken.

## Jadawalin abin da ya faru na farko
Lamarin ya fara ne lokacin da aka keta wata sabar da Sashen Bincike na Yanayi ke amfani da ita a cikin "wani nagartaccen hari da aka shirya a hankali", da 160 MB na bayanai da suka hada da imel sama da 1,000 da wasu takardu 3,000. Jami’ar East Anglia ta bayyana cewa, uwar garken da aka dauko bayanan daga cikinta, ba wanda ake iya shiga cikin sauki ba, kuma ba za a iya fitar da bayanan ba da gangan. Daga baya ‘yan sandan Norfolk sun kara da cewa masu laifin sun yi amfani da hanyoyin da suka zama ruwan dare a cikin haramtattun ayyukan intanet, wadanda aka tsara don dakile binciken daga baya. An fara gano karyar ne a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 2009 bayan an kuma yi kutse a uwar garken gidan yanar gizon RealClimate kuma aka loda kwafin bayanan da aka sace a wurin. Gavin Schmidt na RealClimate ya ce yana da bayanin cewa an samo fayilolin ta hanyar "kutse cikin sabar saƙon wasiƙar na [CRU]". A daidai wannan lokaci, wani ɗan gajeren sharhi ya bayyana kan mai shakkar yanayi Stephen McIntyre's Climate Audit website yana mai cewa "Mu'ujiza ta faru.".

A ranar 19 ga Nuwamba, an kwafi fayil ɗin ajiya mai ɗauke da bayanan zuwa wurare da yawa a cikin Intanet. Wani sako da ba a san shi ba daga adireshin IP na Saudi Arabiya zuwa shafin yanar gizo mai ra'ayin sauyin yanayi The Air Vent ya bayyana kayan a matsayin "zabin bazuwar na wasiku, lamba, da takardu", ya kara da cewa kimiyyar yanayi "yana da matukar muhimmanci da za a kiyaye shi". A wannan rana, an tura McIntyre saƙon imel na cikin gida da aka aika zuwa ga ma'aikatan UEA yana gargadin cewa "masu shakku game da canjin yanayi" sun sami "manyan girma na fayiloli da imel". Charles Rotter, mai gudanarwa na shafin yanar gizo mai tsattsauran ra'ayi Watts Up Tare da Wannan, wanda shine farkon wanda ya sami hanyar haɗi da zazzage fayilolin, ya ba da kwafin abokin zamansa Steve Mosher. Mosher ya samu sako daga dan damfara yana korafin cewa babu wani abu da ke faruwa kuma ya amsa da cewa: "Abubuwa da yawa suna faruwa a bayan fage. Ba a yi watsi da su ba. Ana yin aiki da yawa tsakanin manyan 'yan wasa da kuma kafofin watsa labarai. Na gode sosai. Za ku lura da farkon ayyukan a wasu shafuka yanzu. Nan da nan za a biyo baya." Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka, imel ɗin ya fara yaɗuwar jama'a a kan shafukan yanar gizo masu tsattsauran ra'ayi. A ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, labarin ya fito a kafofin watsa labarai na yau da kullun.

## Manazarta