Dorothy Hill

**Dorothy Hill,** AC, CBE, FAA, FRS  (10 Satumba 1907 - 23 Afrilu 1997) masanin ilimin ƙasa ne na Australiya kuma masanin ilimin halittu, farfesa mace ta farko a jami'ar Australiya, kuma shugabar mace ta farko ta Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Australiya. 

## Ilimi
An haifi Dorothy Hill a Taringa, ta uku cikin yara 7, kuma ta girma a Coorparoo a Brisbane . Ta halarci Makarantar Jihar Coorparoo,  sannan ta sami tallafin karatu don halartar Makarantar Grammar ta 'yan mata ta Brisbane.  Ta sami lambar yabo ta Lady Lilley Gold,  da kuma lambar yabo ta Phyllis Hobbs Memorial a Turanci da Tarihi,  a 1924.

Hill ta kasance 'yar wasa mai ƙwazo, wacce ta bi wasanni da netball a makarantar sakandare, kuma ta kasance mai ƙwarewar mace a gida. A Jami'ar Queensland, ta shiga cikin cikas, gudu, hockey da motsa jiki. Ta taka leda a Jami'ar Queensland, jihar Queensland da jami'o'in hockey na Australiya. Yayinda take Jami'ar Cambridge, ta dauki lasisin matukin jirgi.

Bayan makarantar sakandare, ta yi la'akari da karatun likitanci da neman karatu a binciken likita; duk da haka, a lokacin, Jami'ar Queensland ba ta ba da digiri na likita ba, kuma dangin Hill ba za su iya aika Dorothy zuwa Sydney ba. Abin farin ciki, ta lashe daya daga cikin tallafin karatu ashirin zuwa Jami'ar Queensland a 1924 (bayan ta sami mafi girman wucewa a Babban Nazarin Matriculation na Jama'a), inda ta yanke shawarar karatun kimiyya, musamman ilmin sunadarai. Ta zaɓi yin karatun ilimin ƙasa a matsayin mai zaɓaɓɓu, kuma a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Farfesa Henry Caselli Richards ta kammala karatu a 1928 tare da digiri na farko a cikin ilimin ƙasa da lambar yabo ta zinare ta jami'a don Kyautattun Kyauta.  Hill ta ci gaba da aiki a matsayin UQ Fellow har zuwa 1929-30 a kan tallafin karatu yayin da take karatun Master of Science, tana gudanar da bincike a cikin Kwarin Brisbane akan stratigraphy na shales a Esk da kuma turɓaya a cikin kwandon Ipswich. Ta fara tattara burbushin halittu bayan an gabatar da ita a cikin dutse na gona, inda take hutu a Mundubbera. An gabatar da ita don UQ Foundation Traveling Scholarship ta Farfesa Richards don yin karatu a Jami'ar Cambridge ta Sedgwick Museum, a zaune a Kwalejin Newnham, kamar yadda Babban Mawuyacin ya fara aiki.

A Cambridge, Hill ta kasance Fellow na Kwalejin Newnham da Gidan Tarihi na Sedgwick kuma an goyi bayan ta daga 1931 zuwa 1933 a kan Tsohon Nazarin Nazarin [1] yayin da take aiki a kan PhD a ƙarƙashin mai kula, Gertrude Elles . Jami'o'in Australiya ba su fara bayar da PhD ba har zuwa 1948 (tare da na farko a UQ da aka ba shi a 1950 [2]).[3] Hill ta ci gaba da bincika ka'idar cewa Australia ta taɓa rufewa daga arewa zuwa kudu ta teku mai ciki, kamar yadda burbushin murjani da ta samu a Mundubbera suka tabbatar. Ta sami ƙarin tallafin karatu, Babban Ɗalibi na Nunin 1851 na tsawon shekaru biyu da kuma kyautar Daniel Pidgeon Fund daga Geological Society of London wanda ya ba ta damar kasancewa a Ingila har zuwa 1936. Yawancin ɗaliban Australiya sun kasance a Kwalejin Newnham tare da Hill a wannan zamanin, gami da Elizabeth "Betty" Ripper, wanda kuma ke karatun paleontology, da Germaine Joplin. Ta yi aiki tare da Dokta William Dickson Lang da Stanley Smith a kan harajin murjani na Palaeozoic, a Gidan Tarihin Halitta a London. Bayan dawowar Hill zuwa Ostiraliya, ta ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Queensland kuma ta dauki Dokta na Kimiyya a shekarar 1942. [4]

## Farkon aiki
Hill ya kasance a Ingila na tsawon shekaru bakwai, yana buga muhimman takardu da yawa da ke tsara kalmomin don bayyana murjani na Rugose, da kuma bayyana tsarin su da yanayin su. Lokacin da Hill ta koma Ostiraliya ta ɗauki babban aiki na yin kwanan wata da faunas na murjani na Australiya, ta amfani da su don tsara shimfidar wuri mai faɗi, da kuma samar da takardu a kan faunas na coral na dukkan jihohi ban da Kudancin Ostiraliya, wasu daga cikin waɗannan tare da Dokta Walter Heywood Bryan. Ayyukanta a kan murjani ya zama misali na duniya.

Daga 1937 zuwa 1942, Hill ya kasance mai karɓar tallafin Majalisar Kimiyya da Masana'antu (CSIR) kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai bincike a Jami'ar Queensland. A cikin 1939, Hill ya shiga cikin binciken ilimin ƙasa na Queensland, ya tuntubi Kamfanin Shell kuma ya kasance sakataren Royal Society na Queensland. Kafin barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na II, tana jagorantar tafiye-tafiye na filin geological a kusa da Moreton Bay, kuma tana nazarin manyan motsa jiki na farko na Babban Barrier Reef tare da Kwamitin Babban Barrier Roef .  Ta lashe lambar yabo ta Lyell Fund a 1940, Queenslander ta farko kuma Australiya ta tara ce kawai ta yi hakan, saboda aikinta a kan murjani.

## Manazarta