Thomas H. Chilton

**Thomas H. Chilton** (Agusta 14, 1899 - Satumba 15, 1972) injiniyan sinadari ne kuma farfesa. Ana ɗaukansa a matsayin wanda ya kafa aikin injiniyan sinadarai na zamani kuma yana karantarwa a ko'ina cikin duniya. Ya samu lambobin yabo da dama, da suka haɗa hada da digiri na girmamawa da kuma takardar shaidar karrama shugaban kasa . A cikin 1994, DuPont ya sanya masa sunan dakin gwaje-gwaje a Wilmington, Delaware .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Thomas Hamilton Chilton an haife shi ne a Greensboro, Alabama, ɗan limamin Episcopal Methodist, mawaƙi kuma mai hymnodist,  Claudius Lysias Chilton, da Mabel Pierce Chilton. An ba shi sunan tsakiya Hamilton don girmama abokin iyali.
Chilton ya girma a Montgomery, Alabama tare da bambanci na kasancewa ɗa na tara na ɗa na tara na ɗa Wasu ’yan’uwa maza biyu ne suka kafa Kamfanin Lantarki na Paragon kuma suka sa shi aiki a wurin buga littattafai, suna kafa nau’i da hannu, wanda ya koya masa ya mai da hankali sosai.  Ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Sidney Lanier a Montgomery, inda ya ji wani ma'aikaci na Thomas Edison ya bayyana yadda ake yin rikodin phonograph na roba. Wannan ya haifar da sha'awar aikin injiniyanci. 

Chilton ya halarci Jami'ar Alabama na semesters biyu, yana barin don samun kuɗi don koyarwa. Ya ƙaura zuwa Birnin New York  a cikin 1917, yana shiga tare da babban ɗan'uwansa. Ya halarci Jami'ar Columbia, inda ya kammala karatunsa a 1922 tare da digiri a injiniyan sinadarai.  Ya fara aiki a matsayin masanin kimiyyar sinadarai a New York, inda ya karɓi haƙƙin mallaka na farko.  A cikin shekarar 1925, ya shiga DuPont a Wilmington, Delaware, ya fara abin da ya zama aikin shekaru 35 yana jagorantar binciken sinadarai.  Chilton ya fara aikinsa ne a daidai lokacin da aka kafa aikin injiniyan sinadari a matsayin nasa horo   kuma ana ganin shi daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa aikin injiniyan sinadarai na zamani.  Shi da abokin aikinsa sun haɓaka kwatankwacin Chilton-Colburn, wanda ya zama ainihin ƙa'idar aikin injiniyan sinadarai.  Chilton an san shi da aikinsa akan kwararar ruwa, canja wurin zafi, distillation da sha .  Ya fara karantarwa a jami'o'i a shekarar 1937. 

Chilton ya yi aiki a DuPont daga 1925 zuwa 1959, yana jagorantar binciken sinadarai. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, ya yi aiki tare da Manhattan Project kuma yana da hannu tare da ainihin zane na farko na makamashin atomic, Hanford Engineer Works . A gayyatar abokin aikinsa kuma abokinsa, Enrico Fermi ,Chilton yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun gungun masana kimiyya don shaida farkon abin da ya dace da makaman nukiliya a filin Stagg a ranar 2  1942. Bayan yakin, ya shiga cikin shukar kogin Savannah, sannan ita ce tashar makamashin nukiliya mafi girma da Hukumar Makamashin Nukiliya ta gina. 

Bayan ya yi ritaya, Chilton, wanda aka san shi da kasancewa na musamman game da alamomin rubutu, abokan aikinsa sun gabatar da wani littafi wanda ba shi da cikakken rubutu har zuwa bayan littafin, inda akwai shafi na lokuta, waƙafi, semicolons., colons da sauran alamun rubutu, tare da gayyata don saka su bisa ga ra'ayinsa. .

Chilton ya kasance mai aiki a Cibiyar Injiniyoyi ta Amurka  kuma ya zama shugabanta a 1951.  Bayan aikinsa a DuPont, Chilton ya kasance malami mai ziyara kuma malami a duk faɗin duniya, ciki har da Jami'ar Kyoto da Jami'ar Nagoya, inda ya kasance malamin Fulbright ; Jami'ar New South Wales a Australia; da jami'o'i a Toulouse da Nancy, Faransa, kuma a matsayin malamin Fulbright.  Ya kuma yi karatu a Cibiyar Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Birla da ke Pilani a Indiya da Jami'ar Natal da ke Afirka ta Kudu .  Ayyukansa a jami'o'in Amurka sun hada da Jami'ar California, Berkeley, Georgia Tech, Jami'ar Delaware, Jami'ar Washington, Jami'ar Massachusetts Amherst da Jami'ar Alabama. 

Chilton ya mutu a Bonn, Jamus yayin da yake tafiya tare da matarsa ta biyu. 

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa
An ba Chilton lambar girmamawa ta Doctor of Science daga Jami'ar Delaware a 1943.  Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa daga almajirinsa, Medal Charles Frederick Chandler a 1939, Medal Egleston a 1942 da 1950, Medal na Jami'a, wanda Shugaba Dwight D. Eisenhower ya ba shi.  A cikin 1948, ya karɓi Takaddun shaida na Shugaban ƙasa don gudummawar da ya bayar ga Kwamitin Binciken Tsaro na ƙasa . An ba Chilton lambar yabo ta Lavoisier bayan an mutunta shi don ƙware. A cikin 1994, ginin da ya gudanar da yawancin ayyukansa na DuPont an sanya masa suna. 

## Na sirri
Chilton ya yi magana da Faransanci sosai kuma yana jin daɗin kiɗan gargajiya . Yana da tarin faifai na hoto daga tafiye-tafiyensa na duniya. Tun yana yaro Tomas ya fara sha'awar tattara faranti na mota . A ƙarshe, an gane shi a matsayin yana da tarin mafi girma a duniya (wasu 4,500) daga ko'ina cikin Amurka da kuma a duniya. A cikin 1967, wani labarin game da wannan tarin ban mamaki ya bayyana a cikin Wasannin Wasanni .  Matarsa ta farko ita ce Cherridah McLemore kuma bayan mutuwarta, ya auri Elizabeth C. Rinehart, wanda, tare da marigayi mijinta, sun kasance abokan Chilton shekaru da yawa.

Thomas H. Chilton jikan William Parish Chilton, memba ne na majalisar dokokin Tarayyar Amurka kuma babban alkalin kotun kolin Alabama . A cikin 1967 ya buga bayanin asali mai suna "Tsarin Farko da Zuriyar William Parish Chilton, 1810 - 1871". "  Bart Chilton, tsohon kwamishina a Hukumar Kasuwancin Kasuwancin Futures, jikansa ne. 

## Labarai

* *Canja wurin taro (absorption) ƙididdiga: Hasashen bayanai akan canjin zafi da gogayya ta ruwa* (1934)
* *Distillation da sha a cikin ginshiƙai: Tsarin dacewa da hanyar daidaitawa* (1935)
* *Yin nitric acid ta hanyar iskar oxygenation na ammonia: Tsarin Du Pont* (1960)
* *Magabata da zuriyar William Parish Chilton: 1810-1871* (1967)
* *Ruwa mai ƙarfi Nitric Acid: Tushen da Hanyoyin Kera, da Amfani*, MIT Press (1968) ASIN B001S9AHFK

## Magana