Deborah M. Capaldi

**Deborah M. Capaldi** Masaniyar ilimin halayyar dan adam ce wadda aka sani da bincikenta game da matasa maza masu haɗari da kuma yaduwar amfani da kwayoyi tsakanin tsararraki, halayyar rashin zamantakewa, tashin hankali na abokin tarayya, da cin zarafin yara. Ita babbar masanin kimiyya ce a Cibiyar Ilimi ta Jama'a ta Oregon .  Ayyukanta na yanzu suna mai da hankali kan bayyanar yara ga tashin hankali na iyali  da kuma ayyukan iyaye na iyaye masu haɗari. 

Ta kasance mai karɓar lambar yabo ta Boyd McCandless Young Scientist ta 1998 daga Ƙungiyar Psychological ta Amirka (APA), Sashe na 7. A shekara ta 2009, an ba ta suna Fellow na Society for Couple and Family Psychology, APA Division 43.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Deborah M. Capaldi a Leeds, Ingila, kuma tana da 'yan ƙasa biyu tare da Amurka da Tarayyar Turai. Ta halarci Jami'ar York kuma ta sami digiri na farko a fannin zamantakewa a shekarar 1970.  Capaldi ta ci gaba da karatunta a Jami'ar Oregon, inda ta kammala Masters of Science in Industrial / Organization Psychology a 1983 da kuma PhD a Developmental Psychology a 1991. Rubutun ta, wanda aka gudanar a karkashin kulawar Gerald Patterson, an kira shi The co-occurrence of behaviour problems and depressive symptoms in early young young boys: A longitudinal study of general adjustment and family factors.

Daga 1983 zuwa yanzu, Capaldi ta yi aiki a matsayin masanin kimiyya a Cibiyar Nazarin Jama'a ta Oregon inda aka tallafa wa bincikenta ta hanyar tallafi daga Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Yara da Ci gaban Dan Adam ta Kasa, Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Kasa, cibiyar Kula da Cin Hanci da Alcoholism, da Cibiyar Kulawa ta Kasa kan Cin Hanci.

## Bincike
Capaldi an san ta da bincike kan hanyoyin ci gaban matasa, musamman maza, suna girma a cikin yanayin wahala saboda talauci da yanayin iyali. Wasu daga cikin ayyukanta mafi tasiri sun bincika abubuwan muhalli, kamar tarihin sauye-sauyen iyaye saboda rabuwar ko kisan aure da ayyukan sa ido na iyaye marasa tasiri, dangane da matsalolin daidaitawa,  halayyar rashin zaman lafiya,  da kuma baƙin ciki a cikin matasa maza.  Binciken ta na tsawon lokaci ya nuna daidaito mai yawa a cikin matsalolin gudanarwa da alamun baƙin ciki na matasa maza.

Capaldi babbar masaniyar kimiyya ce tare da Nazarin Matasa na Oregon, binciken da ke tattare da ilimin lissafi da rayuwar halayen rashin zamantakewa a cikin maza. Nazarin Matasa na Oregon yana mai da hankali kan dangantakar maza da abokan hulɗarsu da yara. Nazarin ya rubuta a kan ƙarni uku da yaduwar tsakanin tsararraki na salon iyaye,  ciki da waje da halayen,  da kuma amfani da abubuwa. Wannan binciken ya kuma kafa alaƙa tsakanin tarihin iyaye na cin zarafi da halayensu na cin zarafin 'ya'yansu: Wani rukuni na iyaye sun ba da rahoton abubuwan da suka faru na cin zarafinsu a lokacin ƙuruciya; shekaru goma bayan haka, yaransu maza matasa sun ba da labarin halayyar cin zarafin iyayensu. Masu binciken sun gano cewa iyaye da suka fuskanci cin zarafin yara a lokuta da yawa sun fi zama masu cin zarafin kansu.

Capaldi da abokan aikinta sun kuma yi nazarin abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da karuwar haɗarin dangantakar soyayya a cikin matasa maza. Binciken su na tsawon lokaci ya gano tashin hankali da yunkurin kashe kansa a cikin ƙuruciya a matsayin abubuwan haɗari don halayen dangantaka mara kyau daga baya, kamar tashin hankali na jiki da na tunani ga abokin tarayya da tashin hankali na gida. Binciken Capaldi ya kuma nuna cewa tarihin matsalolin amfani da kwayoyi, musamman wadanda suka shafi wiwi da hallucinogens, suna hasashen karuwar haɗarin tashin hankali tsakanin maza. Sauran bincike sun danganta halayyar antisocial, amfani da kwayoyi, da ƙananan sa ido na iyaye tare da halayyar haɗarin jima'i, gami da karuwar yawan abokan tarayya da raguwar cututtukan da ake samu ta hanyar jima'i.

## Littattafan wakilci

* [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Masu tsinkaya na iyali na tashin hankali ga abokan mata ga samari masu haɗari. Ilimin Halitta na Ci gaba, *34* (6), 1175-1188.
* [Hasiya] An samo asali ne daga Ibrananci zuwa Ibrananci. Binciken tsari na abubuwan haɗari don tashin hankali na abokin tarayya. Abokin hulɗa, *3* (2), 231-280.
* [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Dangantaka da sauye-sauyen iyaye zuwa matsalolin daidaitawa na yara maza: I. Tunanin layi: II. Iyaye da ke cikin haɗari don sauyawa da iyaye marasa ƙwarewa. Ilimin Halitta na Ci gaba, *27* (3), 489-504.
* [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Ci gaba da tabbatar da ma'auni na matashi na farko. Jaridar Early Adolescence, *12* (2), 153-173.
* [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Ilimin muhalli na maza na amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi. Ci gaba da Ciwon Zuciya, *7* (4), 803-824.
* [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Misali na farko don yin hasashen aikata laifuka. A cikin D. J. Pepler & K. H. Rubin (Eds.), Ci gaba da kuma maganin tashin hankali na yara (shafi na 139-168). &nbsp;Hillsdale, NJ, Amurka: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

## Manazarta