New York Radical Feminists

New York Radical Feminists ( NYRF ) ƙungiya ce mai tsattsauran ra'ayi wacce Shulamith Firestone da Anne Koedt suka kafa a 1969, bayan sun bar Redstockings da Feminists, bi da bi. [1] Sha'awar Firestone's da Koedt don fara wannan sabon rukunin ya sami taimakon labarin Vivian Gornick 's 1969 Village Voice labarin, "Babban Lokaci na gaba a Tarihi Shine Nasu". Ƙarshen wannan makala ta sanar da kafa ƙungiyar tare da haɗa adireshin tuntuɓar juna da lambar waya, wanda hakan ya haifar da babbar sha'awa ta ƙasa daga masu neman shiga. [2] [3] An tsara NYRF cikin ƙananan sel ko "brigades" mai suna bayan sanannun mata na baya; Koedt da Firestone sun jagoranci Stanton - Anthony Brigade.

Matsakaici a falsafar NYRF ita ce ra'ayin cewa maza suna da hankali suna riƙe da iko akan mata don ƙarfafa son zuciyarsu, kuma mata sun shiga ƙarƙashinsu ta hanyar rage girman kai.   Wannan bincike ya wakilci ƙin yarda da wasu ra'ayoyin biyu masu rinjaye na ƙaddamar da mata a halin yanzu a lokacin - Redstockings' "Pro-Woman Line", wanda ya jaddada biyayyar maza na mata da mata sau da yawa da gangan daidaitawa ga gaskiyar, da ka'idar Feminists wanda ya jaddada ƙaddamar da mata kamar yadda aka samo asali a cikin rawar da ba a sani ba game da jima'i .   NYRF ta ƙirƙiri wani bayani mai suna, "Siyasa na Ego: Manifesto ga NY Radical Feminists", a cikin 1970.  Ana buƙatar karɓar wannan bayanin don samun memba. Ma’anar ta bayyana ra’ayin mata masu tsattsauran ra’ayi a matsayin akidar siyasa da ta fahimci yadda al’umma ke kiyaye karfin maza a kan mata. Rubuce-rubucenta na farko ita ce, a cikin dukkanin al'ummomi, girman kai na maza shine babban dalilin da ya sa namiji ya fifita a kan mata. A zahiri, ya bayyana, babban dalilin chauvinism na namiji shine don haɓaka girman kai. 

Shulamith Firestone da Anne Koedt sun bar NYRF a cikin 1970 kan rashin jituwa game da tsari da jagoranci tare da wasu ƙungiyoyin NYRF.  Duk da haka, ƙungiyar ta ci gaba da aiki har tsakiyar shekarun 1970.  Ayyukansa a lokacin sun haɗa da gudanar da taron wayar da kan jama'a kowane wata, buga wasiƙar labarai na yau da kullun, da kula da ofishin mai magana.  NYRF ta kuma shirya tarurrukan jama'a da dama da jawabai tun daga farkon zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1970 akan batutuwa kamar fyade, cin zarafi, karuwanci, aure, madigo, zama uwa, shege, aji, da aiki.  Florence Rush ta gabatar da Coverup na Freudian a cikin gabatarwarta "The Sexual Abuse of Children: A Feminist Point of View," game da cin zarafin yara da lalata, a Afrilu 1971 NYRF Conference Rape.  Takardar Rush a lokacin ita ce kalubale na farko ga ka'idodin Freudian na yara a matsayin masu lalata manya maimakon wadanda ke fama da cin zarafin jima'i / ikon manya. 

An yi la'akarin da 1971 na magana da masu ra'ayin mata masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na New York suka jagoranta a matsayin daya daga cikin ƙoƙarin mata na farko don jawo hankalin jama'a game da fyade. Masu ra'ayin mata masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na New York sun tsara fyade a matsayin wani kayan aiki don kiyaye ikon ubangida da kuma rufe mata baki sabanin yadda ake tunanin lokacin cewa wasu miyagun maza ne suka yi fyade ko kuma laifin wadanda abin ya shafa ne. Bugu da kari, The New York Radical Feminists sun yi kira ga cibiyoyi da maza suka mamaye kamar jami'an tsaro da asibitoci saboda gazawa wajen kare mata kuma galibi suna sake cin zarafinsu . 

A cikin 1972 Lisa Orlando ta taimaka Barbara Getz ta rubuta Manifesto na Asexual don NYRF Asexual Caucus. 

A cikin 1982, an jera NYRF cikin masu rattaba hannu kan wata takarda da "Coalition for Feminist Sexuality and Against Sadomasochism " ta samar, haɗin gwiwar ad hoc da Mata Masu Yaki da Batsa suka haɗa don nuna adawa da taron Barnard . 

## Bayanan kula

## Kara karantawa

* Echols, Alice . (1990). *Daring to Be Bad: Radical Feminism in America, 1967–75* . Jami'ar Minnesota Press. ISBN&nbsp; . Sashe: "Masu Ra'ayin Mata na New York", shafi na 186-197.
* Brownmiller, Susan . (1999). *A Zamanin Mu: Memoir of Juyin Juya Hali* . The Dial Press. ISBN&nbsp; .
* Dutsen Wuta, Shulamith. (1970). *Yaren Jima'i: Al'amarin Juyin Juya Halin Mata* . William Morrow da Kamfanin. ISBN&nbsp; (An sake bugawa: Bantam, 1979,  ; Farrar Straus Giroux, 2003,  .)
* Koedt, Anne, Ellen Levine, da Anita Rapone, ed. (1973). *Ra'ayin Mata* . Littattafan Times. ISBN&nbsp; .
* Love, Barbara J. da Nancy F. Cott . (2006). *Mata Masu Sauya Amurka, 1963-1975* . Jami'ar Illinois Press. ISBN&nbsp; .
* Shapiro, Lynne (2008-2011) Archives na New York Radical Feminists and related Group Takardu Duke University Library New York Radical Feminists records, 1969-2011 - Archives & Manuscripts a Duke University Library