Nellie Gifford

**Nellie Gifford** (9 ga Nuwamba 1880 - 23 ga Yuni 1971) 'yar fafutukar Republican ce kuma mai kishin ƙasa a Ireland. 

## Rayuwar farko

An haifi Helen Ruth Gifford a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, 1880 a Phibsborough, Dublin ga Frederick Gifford (1835/6–1917), lauya, da Isabella Julia Gifford (née Burton; 1847/8–1932), ita ce 'ya ta biyar kuma 'yar fari ta biyu a cikin dangin 'ya'ya mata shida da 'ya'ya maza shida. Mahaifinta Katolika ne yayin da mahaifiyarta, 'yar'uwar mai zane Frederick Burton, ta kasance mai tsattsauran ra'ayi a Furotesta . Duk yaran an haife su ne a Cocin Ireland . Mazan, sun yi ƙaura kuma sun ci gaba da kasancewa masu ra'ayin haɗin kai yayin da mata masu ra'ayin kishin ƙasa ne. Mafi shahara sune ƙarami biyu, mai zane Grace Gifford, da kuma 'yar jarida kuma mai watsa shirye-shirye Sydney Czira .   

Gifford ta girma a Rathmines kuma ta yi makaranta a Kwalejin Alexandra . Ta yi horo a matsayin malamar tattalin arzikin cikin gida kuma ta yi aiki na tsawon shekaru bakwai a jerin mukamai a Gundumar Meath .  

## Kishin ƙasa
Gifford ta fuskanci yanayin rayuwa na talakawan karkara marasa filaye yayin da take kwana a gidajen ma'aikata a wannan lokacin. Sakamakon haka, ta zama mai goyon bayan kamfen ɗin mai fafutukar filaye kuma 'yar majalisa Laurence Ginnell .

Ta kuma sami tasiri daga kishin ƙasa da kuma ra'ayin mata na 'yan'uwanta mata. Tare da su, ta shiga cikin ƙungiyar Irish Women's Franchise League, kuma ta san Constance Markievicz . Ta samu shiga cikin wasannin kwaikwayo, ciki har da *harkar Eleanor* ta George Birmingham a cikin Gaiety Theatre, wani wasan kwaikwayo da mijin Countess, Count Casimir Markievicz, ya shirya.  

A lokacin kulle-kullen Dublin na 1913, ta taimaka wa James Larkin shiga Otal ɗin Imperial, a ranar 31 ga Agusta don yin jawabi ga taron jama'a. Ya shiga cikin ɓoye, kamar wani limamin coci mai rauni. Gifford ya yi kama da 'yar uwansa. Ta yi magana da ma'aikatan otal ɗin don hana kalaman Larkin na Liverpool bayyana sunansa. Wannan shine jawabin da ya haifar da tuhumar sandar 'yan sanda ta "Bloody Sunday". Gifford ta kasance memba na kafa Irish Citizen Army (ICA). Wannan rukunin ya jawo hankalin mata da yawa saboda imanin mata na James Connolly .

Ta ba da darussa kan dafa abinci a sansanin Liberty Hall kuma ta sami ayyukan yi ga sabbin ma'aikata da suka shigo daga ƙasashen waje. Sakamakon wannan aikin, ta gabatar da Michael Collins ga surukinta Joseph Plunkett wanda zai zo ya yi aiki tare a bikin Easter na 1916; Collins shi ne mataimakin Plunkett.  

Gifford ita ce kaɗai daga cikin 'yan uwanta mata da suka shiga cikin wannan tashin hankali. Tana tare da rundunar St Stephen's Green ta ICA tare da Countess Markievicz. A tsawon makon, ta kula da kayan aikin rundunar a ginin Kwalejin Likitoci, tana kula da abinci daga shaguna da motocin biredi, da kuma ta hanyar aika saƙo daga wasu rundunonin sojoji. Ta kuma tabbatar da isar da kayayyaki ga sojoji a kwalejin tare da ita da kuma a wurare daban-daban. Gifford tana ɗaya daga cikin matan da aka kama a lokacin mika wuya kuma aka tsare ta a Kilmainham Gaol . A lokaci guda, a cikin gidan yarin, 'yar uwarta Grace ta auri Joseph Plunkett sa'o'i kafin mutuwarsa. Mata goma sha biyu ne kawai aka tsare bayan an saki fursunoni mata a ranar 8 ga Mayu 1916. Gifford tana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda aka mayar da su gidan yarin Mountjoy har zuwa lokacin da aka sake ta a ranar 4 ga Yuni 1916.  Bayan haka ta ci gaba da kasancewa cikin masu fafutukar.    

Bayan zamanta a gidan yari, Gifford ta yi tafiya ta Ingila zuwa Amurka inda ita da sauran tsoffin sojoji mata suka yi lacca a duk faɗin Amurka. A can ta auri Joseph Donnelly, ɗan asalin Omagh, Gundumar Tyrone a shekarar 1918. A shekarar 1921 ita da 'yarsu Maeve mai shekara ɗaya suka bar shi suka koma Ireland.  

## Rayuwa daga baya
Frederick Gifford ta mutu a watan Satumba na 1917 kuma ta bar mata fam 800. Duk da haka Gifford ba ta da wadata. Ta zama mai watsa labarai da 'yar jarida a rediyon ƙasa da kuma 'yan jaridun Ireland. Ganin yadda ta girma, Gifford ta ci gaba da zama mai tsattsauran ra'ayin addinin Protestant, ba kamar 'yan uwanta mata huɗu ba, waɗanda suka auri Katolika. 

Ta himmatu wajen adana tarihin gwagwarmayar 'yancin kai. Da ta lura da yawan baƙi da suka halarci taron Eucharistic na 1932, ta shirya wani ƙaramin baje koli a can na abubuwan tunawa na 1916 don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa na Ireland . Ta fusata da nuna kayan tarihi na addinin Katolika a can. Ta yi fafutukar neman baje kolin tarihi na 'yan ƙasar Ireland na baya-bayan nan. Gifford ta shirya tarin abubuwa masu mahimmanci ga ƙungiyoyin 'yan ƙasa, tashin Easter, da yaƙin 'yancin kai, wanda yanzu shine ginshiƙin tarin yanzu. [1] [2]

Tsawon shekaru Gifford ta kasance sakatare a ƙungiyar Old IRA, memba ce a ƙungiyar Old Dublin Society, kuma ta kafa ƙungiyar Kilmainham Gaol Restoration Society. Ta kuma kula da karnuka da kuliyoyi da suka ɓace kuma aka yi watsi da su. Ta mutu a ranar 23 ga Yuni 1971 a gidan kula da tsofaffi na Gascoigne da ke Rathmines, Dublin, tana da shekaru 90. 

## Manazarta