open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ahmed Ali Lahori

**Ahmed Ali Lahori** (1887 - 23 Fabrairu 1962) (Urdu) masanin musulmi ne na Pakistan, mai fassara Alkur'ani kuma Ameer na Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam a Yammacin Pakistan .  Dalibansa sun hada da Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi .

## Rayuwa ta farko da aiki
Ahmed Ali Lahori dalibi ne na Ubaidullah Sindhi .  Ya yi karatun Islama kuma ya kammala karatu a 1927.

Ahmed Ali Lahori ya yi aiki a matsayin malami a makarantar malaminsa kuma ya auri 'yar malaminsa. Ya kuma taimaka masa wajen shirya sabbin kungiyoyi. Koyaya, Ubaidullah Sindhi ya mutu a 1944 kafin rabuwa da Indiya a 1947. Don haka Maulana Shabbir Ahmad Usmani ya jagoranci ƙungiyar malaman Deobandi ciki har da Ahmed Ali Lahori don tallafawa buƙatar ƙungiyar Pakistan da Muhammad Ali Jinnah . Saboda haka, wannan rukuni gaba ɗaya ya zo sabuwar Pakistan a 1947 kuma ya zauna a nan.

Lahori ta koyar da Alkur'ani a Lahore na tsawon shekaru 40. Shi da Hakeem Ferozuddin sun kafa *Anjuman-e-Khuddam-e-Din* a 1922 don su iya buga littattafai da mujallu masu alaƙa da Islama daga Lahore. Bugu da kari, an kafa Madressah Qasim-ul-Uloom inda Maulana Shabbir Ahmad Usmani ya yi bikin buɗewa. Saboda kokarin da Lahori ta yi ba tare da gajiyawa ba, an yada wayar da kan jama'ar Lahore da kuma koyarwar Islama.

An kuma zabi Lahori Mataimakin Shugaban Anjuman-i-Himayat-i-Islam a shekarar 1956. Ya kasance mai shiga tsakani a 1956 a madadin Majlis-e-Tahaffuz-e-Khatme Nabuwwat. 

Shugabannin Burtaniya sun kama shi, tare da sauran masu gwagwarmayar Silk Letter Movement, kuma sun tsare shi.

A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1956, an zabi Ahmed Ali Lahori a matsayin Amir (Shugaba) na Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam, Yammacin Pakistan ta hanyar yarjejeniya. A cikin shekara guda, an kafa ofisoshin reshe 300 na wannan jam'iyyar a ƙarƙashin jagorancinsa.

## Mutuwa da waɗanda suka tsira
Ahmed Ali Lahori ya mutu a Lahore, Pakistan a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu 1962 kuma an binne shi a Kabari na Miani Sahib . Ɗansa Ubaidullah Anwar shi ma masanin addinin Musulunci ne wanda ya shirya kuma ya gudanar da addu'o'in jana'izarsa a ranar da ya mutu.

## Dubi ƙarin bayani

* Jerin Deobandis

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Ahmed Ali Lahori - wani littafi a cikin harshen Urdu ta hanyar sulhu, محمد اسلم a kan Hukumar Ilimi ta Sama, Islamabad
*  
* Karanta **Fassara** Maulana Ahmed Ali Lahori na Alkur'ani-e-Aziz ONLINE (a halin yanzu ana nuna fassarar a Turanci. Idan ana so, zaɓi URDU daga Fassara a kan Dama-Topp na Opened Window) 
* Karanta Musulmai a Indiya tun 1947: Ra'ayoyin Musulunci game da Dangantaka tsakanin Bangaskiya don cikakken bayani game da Matsayin Mayakan 'Yancin Gaskiya a cikin Ƙasar Indiya
Abdul Majeed Ludhianvi

**Abdul Majeed Ludhianvi** (5 Yuni 1934 - 1 Fabrairu 2015; Urdu:) masanin addinin Musulunci ne kuma marubuci wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Sarkin sarakuna na 7 na Aalmi Majlis Tahaffuz Khatm-e-Nubuwwat kuma babban memba na kwamitin zartarwa na Wifaq ul Madaris Al-Arabia, Pakistan 

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Ludhianvi ga Hafiz Muhammad Yusuf a cikin 1934 a cikin dangin Arain a Salempur Jagraon Tehsil, Gundumar Ludhiana . Mahaifinsa mutum ne mai ibada kuma mai mallakar ƙasa da manomi ne. Ya sami karatunsa na farko daga makarantar sakandare ta gwamnati a Salempur . A lokacin aji na takwas, an yanke shawarar raba Indiya. Ya koma Pakistan tare da iyayensa kuma ya zauna a Shorkot kuma ya wuce jarrabawar makarantar sakandare a nan. Bayan haka a 1949 ya shiga Jamia Darul Uloom Rabbania a Toba Tek Singh, don samun ilimin addini. Bayan shekaru biyu, ya shiga Madrasa Ashraf Al-Rasheed a Faisalabad . A halin yanzu, ya yi aure a cikin iyalin da ke zaune a Kamalia. Daga nan sai ya shiga Jamia Qasim-ul-Uloom Multan kuma ya kammala karatu daga Dars-i Nizami a shekarar 1956. Ya yi karatun Bukhari da Tirmidhi daga Maulana Abdul Khaliq, dalibi na Mahmud Hasan Deobandi, da Sahih Muslim daga Mufti Mahmood . Ya kuma sami izinin Hadith daga Zakariyya Kandhlawi, Muhammad Idris Kandhlawi da Muhammad Yousuf Banuri . 

## Ayyuka
Bayan rasuwar Khawaja Khan Muhammad a shekara ta 2010, an zabe shi Amir na Aalmi Majlis Tahaffuz Khatm-e-Nubuwwat .  Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa na 4 na Iqra Rozatul Atfal Trust . 

## Ayyukan wallafe-wallafen

* Tibyan ul Furqan (6. Vol) 
* Khutbaat da Hakeem ul Asar (12. Vol) 

## Mutuwa
Ya mutu a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 2015 daga ciwon zuciya a wani taro na Wifaq ul Madaris Al-Arabia a Multan .  Saleemullah Khan ne ya jagoranci addu'ar jana'izarsa. Nawaz Sharif (firayim Minista a lokacin),  Shahbaz Sharif (babban Minista a wancan lokacin) da Maulana Fazlur Rehman sun ba da ta'aziyya game da mutuwarsa. 

## Dubi ƙarin bayani

* Jerin Deobandis

## Manazarta
Muhammad Ahmed Ludhianvi

**Muhammad Ahmad Ludhianvi** (Urdu) masanin addinin Islama ne kuma ɗan siyasa na dama wanda shi ne Sarparast-e-Aala na Ahle Sunnat Wal Jama'at (ASWJ) kuma Shugaban Majalisar Difa-e-Pakistan (DPC).

Ludhianvi ya riga ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Sipah-e-Sahaba daga 2009 zuwa 2014 bayan mutuwar Ali Sher Hyderi . 

He was on the Pakistani legislature's list of persons with suspected ties to terrorism, but is considered as a moderate leader compared to the other leaders of ASWJ, and is also commonly referred as to "**S''afeer-e-Aman**''" (ambassador of peace) by his followers.

Ludhianvi ya bayyana cewa yana goyon bayan jituwa ta ɗarika, muddin bai hana burin ƙungiyarsa na sanya Pakistan a matsayin ƙasar Sunni ta Musulunci da kuma ayyana Shia a matsayin 'yan tsiraru ba, kamar Ahmadiyya a Pakistan.

## Ilimi da iyali
Ludhianvi ɗan Hafiz Sadrud Din ne; wanda ya yi ƙaura a 1947 daga Gundumar Ludhiana ta Indiya Punjab zuwa garin Kamalia na Pakistan Punjab . Ya fito ne daga dangin Punjabi Arain . 

Yana da alaƙa da mai fafutukar 'yanci Maulana Abdul Qadir Ludhianvi . A lokacin ƙaura, ɗan'uwansa na fari ya mutu saboda rashin lafiya; an binne shi a cikin Punjab na Indiya.

Ya kammala karatunsa na farko a Jamia Qasim Ul Uloom kuma ya kammala karatu daga Jamia Uloom-ul-Islamia, inda ya yi abota da Abdul Aziz Ghazi . 

## Ayyukan siyasa
Ya shiga cikin zaben daga Mazabar NA-89 Jhang (Jhang-IV), a cikin 2008 da 2013. Ya samu kuri'u 45,216 a shekarar 2008 yayin da kuri'u 71,598 a shekarar 2013. A ranar 9 ga Afrilu 2014, kotun zabe ta ayyana shi a matsayin mai nasara, yayin da aka dakatar da abokin hamayyarsa mai nasara Sheikh Mohammad Akram, amma Kotun Koli ta Pakistan ta soke shawarar daga baya lokacin da aka dakatarwar Akram.

A cikin 2016, an ƙuntata Ludhianvi don shiga cikin zaɓe na PP-78 (Jhang) amma daga baya babban kotun Lahore ya ba shi izinin shiga.[1] Duk da haka, ya yanke shawarar cewa ba zai tsaya takara ba kuma an zabi Masroor Nawaz Jhangvi (wani dan kungiyarsa) a matsayin dan majalisar dokokin Punjab. [ana yanayi hujja] [citation need]

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin Deobandis

## Manazarta
Yannis Tamtakos

**Yannis Tamtakos** (Girkanci; 1908 - Janairu 4, 2008) ya kasance mai gwagwarmayar siyasa na Girka, da farko Trotskyist kuma daga baya a rayuwa anarchist. Saboda aikinsa na siyasa, sojojin Axis, jihar Girka, da National Liberation Front sun kore shi. Shekaru da yawa kafin mutuwarsa, shi ne mafi tsufa da ya tsira daga yajin aikin Thessaloniki na 1936.

## Tarihin rayuwa
Tamtakos ya shiga cikin kowane gwagwarmayar ma'aikata a Thessaloniki a matsayin mai yin takalma, bayan an zabe shi memba na kwamitin (1926-1927) da kuma sakatare (1928-1929) na Union of the Shoemakers of Thessaloniki . Daga baya, ya zama mai aiki ta hanyar Union of the Unemployed . A shekara ta 1931, yayin da yake kan gaba a cikin zanga-zangar marasa aikin yi, a Syntrivani Square a Thessaloniki, wani rukuni na 'yan sanda, karkashin jagorancin dan dan uwan Shugaban' yan sanda; an harbe shi a kumatu, kuma harsashi ya yanke harshensa. Bai rasa ikon yin magana ba, godiya ga tiyata.[1]

Tamtakos da abokan aikinsa sun tsananta musu da masu mamaye Jamus, Battalions na Tsaro, amma kuma da masu adawa da 'yanci na National Liberation Front (EAM). Ya yi nasarar tserewa daga yunkurin kisan kai da EAM ta yi sau da yawa  yayin da ya yi amfani da sunaye da yawa a lokacin mamayewa da kuma 'yancin Girka. 

A Dekemvriana, ya zargi sojojin EAM da aiwatar da juyin mulki Stalinist. A shekara ta 1948, jam'iyyarsa ta Trotskyist ta siyasa KDKE (wanda Agis Stinas ya kafa) ta shiga cikin Taron Duniya na Biyu na Duniya, lokacin da wakilin jam'iyyar ya kasance Cornelius Castoriadis . 

## Abubuwan da aka buga
Littafinsa Memories of a Life in the Revolutionary Movement, wanda aka buga a watan Maris na shekara ta 2003, ya ƙunshi rubuce-rubuce na bayanan tarihin kansa, gami da nassoshi ga abubuwan tarihi da siyasa na ƙarni na ƙarshe. An buga wani ɓangare na littafinsa a cikin 1995, a cikin jaridar *Alfa* . 

Yannis Tamtakos na ɗaya daga cikin manyan haruffa a cikin fim din *Koursal*, wanda Nikos Theodossiou ya jagoranta.

## Dubi kuma

* Anarchism a Girka

## Manazarta
Habibur Rehman Ludhianvi

**Habibur Rehman Ludhianvi** (3 ga Yulin 1892 - 2 ga Satumba 1956) masanin addinin Musulunci ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban na uku na Majlis-i Ahrar-i Islam daga 1935 zuwa 1939.[a]

Ya kasance daga kabilar Arain kuma ya kasance zuriyar kai tsaye na Shah Abdul Qadir Ludhianvi, mai fafutukar 'yanci da mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya a lokacin tawaye na Indiya na 1857. 

## Tarihin rayuwa

### Tarihin iyali
Kakan Habibur Rehman Ludhianvi Shah Abdul Qadir Ludhianvi ya jagoranci tawaye da makami a kan Kamfanin British East India a lokacin tawayen Indiya a 1857 kuma yana cikin wadanda suka fara yi musu tawaye daga Punjab. [ana binciken hujja] [citation need] Ya tattara wata babbar runduna wadda ta kori turawan Ingila daga Ludhiana kadai har da Panipat. Wannan runduna ta yaki ta hada da Musulmai, Hindu da Sikh. Daga nan ya zarce zuwa Delhi don tallafawa Mughal sarki Bahadur Shah II. Ya ba da rayuwarsa yana yaƙi tare da dubban wasu a Chandni Chowk, Delhi a cikin 1857.[1] An haifi Habibur Rehman Ludhianvi a ranar 3 ga Yuli 1892 a Ludhiana, Indiya ta Burtaniya.[2] Ya auri Bibi Shafatunnisa diyar Abdul Aziz[2].

### Rayuwa ta farko da aiki
Ludhianvi yana daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa Majlis-e-Ahrar-ul-Islam, wata kungiya mai kishin kasa mai son kawo karshen mulkin turawan Ingila a Indiya. Ya zabi zama a Gabashin Punjab na Indiya don wakiltar dubban Musulmin da ke ci gaba da zama a can, bayan rabuwar kai da samun ‘yancin kai na Pakistan a ranar 14 ga Agusta 1947. Ludhiana ana ɗaukarsa babban birnin masana'antu na Punjab, Indiya. Yawancin musulmi masu aiki daga lardunan Uttar Pradesh da Bihar su ma suna zuwa can don yin aiki[1].

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin Deobandis

## Bayani

## Manazarta
Gidan kayan gargajiya na Geological bayan H. Karapetyan

**Gidan kayan gargajiya na Geological bayan H. Karapetyan na Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Geological na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa ta Armenia** (Armenian) gidan kayan gargajiya ne na kimiyya. An kafa shi a cikin 1937 kuma an sake gina shi a cikin 2012. Gidan kayan gargajiya yana da sassan da ke biyowa: Mineralogy, Paleontology, Petrography, Natural Resources, Mineral Waters a Armenia, Natural Monuments of Armenia.

## Tarihi

An kafa Gidan Tarihi na Armenia a watan Yunin, 1938 bisa ga tarin wadata da bambance-bambance na shahararren masanin ilimin ƙasa, Farfesa Hovhannes Karapetyan kuma yana kusa da Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Geological na reshen Armenia na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta USSR. An kafa gidan kayan gargajiya a cikin samfurori 1410, yanzu gidan kayan gargajiya yana da nune-nunen sama da 14.000.

A farkon ma'aikata 3 sun yi aiki a gidan kayan gargajiya, adadin ya karu zuwa 8.

Shirye-shiryen nune-nunen yana da alaƙa da sha'awar ƙungiyar mahalarta 17th International Geological Congress a Moscow don sanin ilimin ƙasa na Armenia. Dukkanin mahalarta suna sha'awar kallon nune-nunen da kuma tafiye-tafiye na ilimin ƙasa na Armenia. Kafa gidan kayan gargajiya wani muhimmin abu ne a kimiyyar ilimin ƙasa na Jamhuriyar; an kirkiro cibiyar hadin gwiwa don tsakiya, sarrafawa, nuni da adana kayan. 1944 bayan mutuwar gidan kayan gargajiya na H. Karapetyan an sake masa suna.

Daga baya an kara tarin kayan tarihi na yau da kullun tare da samfurori da aka tattara ta hanyar balaguron Cibiyar. Gidan kayan gargajiya na Geological, kasancewa ɗayan ilimi, tsarin kimiyya, ana kiransa don aiwatar da yaduwar ayyukan kimiyya na Cibiyar. Sabili da haka, tarin da ke nuna ayyukan jigogi na Cibiyar suna da matsayi mai yawa a kusa da samfurori daban-daban a halin yanzu. Kowace shekara ana gudanar da "Ranar Geologists", "Ranar Ruwa ta Duniya" da sauran abubuwan da aka keɓe don ƙwaƙwalwar sanannun masana ilimin ƙasa da abubuwan da suka faru a Gidan Tarihi.[1]

## Gidan wasan kwaikwayo

Fayil:GeomuseumYerevan.jpg
Fayil:Երկրաբանական_թանգարան.jpg
Fayil:Հովհաննես_Կարապետյանի_անվան_երկրաբանական_թանգարան_1_(10).jpg
Fayil:Elephas_Armeniacus.jpg
Fayil:Երկրաբանական_թանգարան_(3).jpg
Fayil:Հովհաննես_Կարապետյանի_անվան_երկրաբանական_թանգարան_1_(3).jpg
Fayil:Հովհաննես_Կարապետյանի_անվան_երկրաբանական_թանգարան_1_(7).jpg
Fayil:Հովհաննես_Կարապետյանի_անվան_երկրաբանական_թանգարան_1.jpg
Fayil:Ashot_Aslanyan_100_anniversary_(1).jpg|Geologic map of Armenian SSR
Fayil:Հովհաննես_Կարապետյանի_անվան_երկրաբանական_թանգարան_1_(14).jpg


## Manazarta
Salman Mazahiri

**Salman Mazahiri** (10 ga Oktoba 1946 - 20 ga Yuli 2020) masanin musulmi ne na Indiya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Mazahir Uloom Jadeed .

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Mazahiri a ranar 10 ga Oktoba 1946. Lokacin da yake da shekaru 15, ya shiga Mazahir Uloom, Saharanpur a 1962 (1381 AH) kuma ya kammala a 1386 AH. Ya yi karatun *[[Sahi al-Bukhari|Sahih Bukhari]]* tare da Zakariyya Kandhlawi, Sahih Muslim, *[[Sunan an-Nasai|Sunan Nasai]]*, *[[Al-Tirmidhi|Tirmidhi]]* tare da Munawwar Hussain, *[[Sunan Abu Dawood|Sunan Abu Dawud]]* tare da Muzaffar Hussain da *Al-Aqidah al-Tahawiyyah* tare da Muhammad Asadullah .  Ya yi nazarin *Mishkat al-Masabih* tare da Muzaffar Hussain har zuwa babi na "manyan zunubai" sannan ya kammala shi tare da Muhammad Yunus Jaunpuri .

Ya kasance almajirin Talha Kandhlawi . 

## Ayyuka
Mazahiri ya fara koyarwa a Mazahir Uloom a shekarar 1968. A shekara ta 1972, ya koyar da *Tafsir al-Jalalayn* kuma a shekara ta 1976, ya zama farfesa na hadith a makarantar sakandare kuma ya koyar da *Mishkat al-Masabih* .  Kwamitin gudanarwa na Mazahir Uloom Jadeed ya nada shi Mataimakin Shugaban kasa a shekarar 1992. Daga baya a ranar 30 ga Yulin 1996, Mazahiri ya zama Shugaban kasa. Talha Kandhlawi ta nada shi a matsayin manajan (Sajjada Nashin) na Khanqah na Zakariyya Kandhlawi . 

A shekara ta 2007, Mazahiri ta ki amincewa da ra'ayin Hukumar Madrasa ta Tsakiya a Indiya. Ya kasance memba na kwamitin All India Muslim Personal Law Board da Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama . 

## Mutuwa
Mazahiri ya mutu a ranar 20 ga Yulin 2020.  Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind Shugaban, Arshad Madani ya nuna baƙin ciki ta hanyar cewa mutuwar Mazahiri bala'i ne ga Musulmai na Indiya.

## Rayuwar iyali
Mazahiri surukin Zakariyya Kandhlawi ne .  Shugaban Tablighi Jamat Muhammad Saad Kandhlavi shi ne surukin Mazahiri.

## Manazarta
Gidan Tarihin Gabas ta Tsakiya

**Gidan kayan gargajiya** na Gabas ta Tsakiya gidan kayan gargajiya ne na fasaha wanda ke cikin Yerevan, Armenia. An buɗe gidan kayan gargajiya a cikin 1993 kuma ya dogara ne akan tarin da Marcos Grigorian, mai zane, mai tarawa kuma ɗan ƙasa mai daraja na Yerevan ya bayar don tunawa da 'yarsa, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Sabrina Grigorian. Gidan kayan gargajiya yana da ginin tare da Gidan Tarihi da Al'adu na Yerevan.

Gidan kayan gargajiya yana da kimanin nune-nunen 2,600, gami da ayyukan Marcos Grigorian da misalai na zane-zane na Rasha, Turai da Gabas ta Tsakiya - bututun ruwa na Iran na ƙarni na 12 zuwa 19, ƙofofi, makullin, ƙusa, kayan ado na azurfa na Iran-Turkiyan ƙarni na 18 zuwa 19, abubuwa na tagulla masu shekaru 3 ko 4,000, da dai sauransu.[1][2]

## Bayani

* Duniya tana aiki. Grigorian, 1988, New York.
* The Contemporary Armenian Carpet, Near East Museum, Yerevan, 1999.

## Manazarta
Gidan kayan gargajiya na Erebuni

Gidan Tarihi na Tarihi da **Archaeological** (Armenian), an kafa shi ne a ranar 19 ga Oktoba, 1968. An bude gidan kayan gargajiya a lokacin da ya dace da bikin cika shekaru 2750 na Yerevan. Gidan kayan gargajiya yana tsaye a gindin tudun Arin Berd, a saman wanda Ginin Urartian Erebouni ya tsaya tun daga 782 KZ. An tono sansanin birni, an ƙarfafa wasu sassan tsarin kuma an mayar da su, kuma an juya sansanin zuwa gidan kayan gargajiya na waje.

Wani rubutun cuneiform ya tabbatar da cewa Argishti I Sarkin Urartu ne ya gina birnin a cikin 782 KZ. Yawancin sansanin an gina shi ne daga tubali. An kewaye birni da ganuwa masu ƙarfi a wasu wurare da aka gina a layuka uku. Haikalin Allah Khaldi yana da muhimmiyar matsayi a cikin sansanin. An yi wa ganuwar haikalin ado da frescos da yawa. Masu binciken tarihi sun sami manyan karasses (ƙuƙwalwar ajiyar ruwan inabi) da aka binne a ƙasa. An kuma gano yumbu, ƙafafun tukwane da sauran kayan da aka yi amfani da su a rayuwar yau da kullun yayin tonowa. Akwai tarin kayan tarihi, sups, kwalba, mundaye na tagulla, gilashi, beads na agate da sauran abubuwa da yawa da ke gaya mana game da rayuwar birni, dandano da halaye na mazaunanta. Ginin Gidan Tarihi wanda ke da nune-nunen 12,235 an gina shi ne ta hanyar gine-ginen Baghdasar Arzoumanian da Shmavon Azatian da masanin zane-zane A. Harutiunian. Yana da rassa biyu a Shengavit da Karmir Blur tare da nune-nunen 5,288 da 1,620 bi da bi a cikin kaya. Tsarin zane-zane na gidan kayan gargajiya shine tarihin tsohuwar jihar Urartu, wanda aka wakilta ta hanyar filastik. Don zane-zane na Gidan Tarihi na Erebuni a cikin 1970 an ba Ara Harutyunyan difloma na Tarayyar Soviet Union of Architects don zane-zane a ginin gidan kayan gargajiya.

Baya ga nune-nunen dindindin, Gidan Tarihi na Tarihi na Erebuni a kai a kai yana gabatar da nune-nun da aka yi niyyar amincewa da tarin gidan kayan gargajiya, da kuma ɗaukar sabbin sakamakon binciken archaeological a Erebuni, Karmir Blur, Shengavit, da kuma batutuwa na mutum.

## Gidan wasan kwaikwayo

Fayil:2014_Erywań,_Erebuni,_Muzeum_Erebuni,_Posąg_przy_schodach_(01).jpg
Fayil:2014_Erywań,_Erebuni,_Muzeum_Erebuni,_Relief_na_schodach.jpg
Fayil:Urartian_language_stone,_Erebuni_museum.jpg
Fayil:Urartu_Cuniform_Argishti_1.jpg
Fayil:Urartian_pottery,_Erebuni_museum_6a.jpg
Fayil:Erebuni_museum,_Yerevan,_Armenia_1257a.jpg
Fayil:StoneBox04.jpg
Fayil:Erebuni_museum,_Yerevan,_Armenia_1263a.jpg
Fayil:Urartian_Fresco07.jpg
Fayil:Urartian_Fresco06.jpg


## Manazarta
Yiorgos Theotokas

**Yiorgos Theotokas** (Girkanci: ), a hukumance **Georgios Theotokas** ("Γεώργιος Θεοτοκς; 27 ga Agusta 1905 - 30 ga Oktoba 1966), marubuci litattafan Girka ne.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haife shi a Constantinople, Daular Ottoman (yanzu Istanbul, Turkiyya). 

Ya zama ɗaya daga cikin Landan wakilan "Zamani na '30s'. Bayan ya yi karatu a Athens, Paris, da London, rubutun farko shi ne Free Spirit (1929). Wannan ya biyo bayan litattafai uku kafin Yaƙin Duniya na II: Argo (1936), The Demon (1938), da Leonís (1940). Littafinsa na farko kuma mafi tasiri, Argo, ya yi magana ne game da matsalolin matasa da ke girma a lokutan wahala da rikici.[1]

Bayan yaƙin ya ƙara shiga cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo, kuma ya kasance darektan gidan wasan kwaikwayo na ƙasar Girka sau biyu.

A yau ana tunawa da shi mafi kyau saboda abokantaka da wasiku tare da manyan mutane na Generation of the Thirties ciki har da masu lashe kyautar Nobel George Seferis da Odysseas Elytis; amma *Argo* ya kasance a bugawa.

## Bayanan littattafai

### Littattafai

* [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] 1933, Littafi Mai Tsarki. 2: 1936
* Το Δαιμόνιο (The Demon), 1938
* *Λεωνής* (Leonís), 1940
* Ασθενείς και Οδοιπόροι (Marasa lafiya da Matafiya), Sashe na 1 (Ιερά Οδός): 1950, cikakken bugu: 1964
* *Οι Καμπάνες* (Kwararrun), 1970
* Σημαίες ήλιο (Flags in the Sun), ciki har da *Λεωνής* da Παιδική Holly (Yarantaka), 1985

### Gajerun labaru

* *Ευριπίδης Πεντοζάλης και Άλλες Ιστο* (Evripidis Pendozalis da sauran labaru), 1937

### Rubuce-rubuce

* Ελεύθερο Πνεύμα (Free Spirit), 1929 (ta amfani da sunan da ba a sani ba Ορέστης Διγενής - Orestis Digenis) 
* Εμπρός στο Κοινωνικό Πρόβλημα, 1932
* *Daidai da haka, ya kamata a yi amfani da shi* a matsayin abin da ya faru a shekara ta 1945
* Προβλή του Καιρού, 1956
* *Πνευματική Πορεία*, 1961
Gidan Tarihin Kimiyya na Little Einstein

**Little Einstein Science Museum** wani gidan kayan gargajiya ne na kimiyya a Yerevan wanda ya ƙunshi nune-nunen 25 na fannoni daban-daban na kimiyya kamar wutar lantarki, Magnetism, optics, kimiyyar lissafi, injiniya, kimiyya, da dai sauransu.

## Tarihi
Gidan kayan gargajiya na yara ne masu shekaru bakwai ko sama da haka. Tun lokacin da aka kaddamar da shi a cikin 2016, wadanda suka kafa gidan kayan gargajiya sun shirya shirye-shiryen nuna ma'amala da kuma kafa cibiyoyin kimiyya.[1] A nan yara sun sami damar koyo game da kimiyya daban-daban ta hanyar wasanni da gwaje-gwaje da kuma rubuta rubutun kimiyya.[2][3]

## Abubuwan da aka nuna
Gidan kayan gargajiya yana da kimanin nune-nunen 25 da suka shafi wutar lantarki, magnetism, optics, da injiniyoyi waɗanda aka kawo daga Rasha da China. Wadannan nune-nunen suna da amfani mai amfani a fannonin kimiyya da kuma yau da kullun. Ana la'akari da su don yara su iya taɓa abubuwa daban-daban na jiki yayin koyo game da su.
Fayil:Musée_Little_Einstein,_Erevan,_Arménie_-_4.JPG
Fayil:Musée_Little_Einstein,_Erevan,_Arménie_-_5.JPG
Fayil:Musée_Little_Einstein,_Erevan,_Arménie_-_6.JPG
Fayil:Musée_Little_Einstein,_Erevan,_Arménie_-_8.JPG


## Sa'o'in Aiki

* Litinin - Jumma'a 13:00-20:00
* Asabar da Lahadi 12:00-21:00

## Manazarta
Agapios Tombos

Agapios Tomboulis (Hagop Stambulyan) (Girkanci; 1891-1965) sanannen ɗan wasan Armeniya ne da Girkanci na rebetiko da kiɗa na gargajiya na Girka, kiɗa na Armeniya, kiɗa ya gargajiya na Turkiyya, kiɗa ta gargajiya na Yahudawa da aka haifa a Constantinople, an san shi da kasancewa sanannen abokin Roza Eskenazi.

## Rayuwa da aiki

### Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Hagop Stambulyan a shekara ta 1891 a gundumar Pera ta İstanbul ga mahaifin Armeniya da mahaifiyar Girka.

### Smyrna Trio

## Manazarta
Panagiotis Toundas

**Panagiotis Toundas** (Girkanci; 1886 - 23 Mayu 1942) ya kasance mawaki ne na Girka na farkon karni na 20. 

He is probably the most famous representative of the "Smyrna School" and made a notable contribution to the creation of rebetiko music in Greece.&#x5B;**&#x5D; He was born in Smyrna and from a young age he learned to play the mandolin. In the early 20th century became a member of the *Smyrneiki Estudiantina*. He joined many groups and traveled a lot, especially to the Greek diaspora.

Bayan Babban Wutar Smyrna ya tafi Athens. A shekara ta 1924, ya zama darektan yankin Odeon Records. Ya yi aiki tare da dukkan manyan lakabi na rikodin a Girka kuma yana da alhakin mafi yawan rikodin zamanin. A shekara ta 1931 ya ɗauki matsayin darektan fasaha na Columbia Records, da Kamfanin Gramophone, har zuwa 1940. Ya yi aiki tare da mawaƙa da yawa kuma sanannun mawaƙa ne suka rera yawancin waƙoƙinsa na rebetiko, kamar su Stelios Perpiniadis, Kostas Roukounas, Roza Eskenazi da Rita Abatzi.

Panagiotis Toundas ya mutu a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1942 a Athens.

## Manazarta
Chris Mortimer

**Chris Mortimer** (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Agusta 1959  a Wagga Wagga, New South Wales)  tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙungiyar rugby ta Australiya wanda ya buga wasa a shekarun 1970, 1980 da 1990 a Canterbury-Bankstown, Penrith, New South Wales da kuma ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Australiya .

## Sana'ar wasa
Chris Mortimer shi ne ƙarami daga cikin shahararrun 'yan'uwa uku da suka buga wa Canterbury wasa a ƙarshen shekarun 1970, da 1980. Glen Mortimer ɗan'uwa na 4 ya buga wasanni 26 na aji ɗaya ga Cronulla-Sutherland tsakanin 1983 da 1987 bayan ya fara a ƙananan aji na Bulldogs.

Mortimer ya buga wasanni 192 na aji na farko a Canterbury tsakanin 1978 da 1987. Ya kasance memba na ƙungiyoyin da suka lashe gasar Premier ta Canterbury a shekarun 1980, 1984 da 1985 kuma ya buga a wasan ƙarshe na Canterbury a shekarun 1979 da 1986.

Mortimer ya buga wa Penrith wasa tsakanin 1988-90 kuma wasansa na ƙarshe a Penrith ya kasance a gasar Grand Final ta 1990 kuma an daɗe ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mafi kyawun kuma mafi mahimmanci da ƙungiyar ta sayo a lokacin.

Mortimer ya kuma samu nasara a matakin wakilci a gasar NSW a wasanni takwas a 1984, 1985, 1986 da 1986. Mortimer ya buga wasa ɗaya a kan Papua New Guinea a 1986 kuma ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar Kangaroo Tour wadda ba a doke ta ba. Taurin kansa, ƙarfinsa da tsaronsa duk suna da matuƙar muhimmanci a lokacin nasarorin da ƙungiyar NSW ta samu a wasannin State of Origin a 1985–86 tare da ɗan'uwansa Steve wanda ya jagoranci nasarar 1985.

Chris da manyan 'yan uwansa biyu Steve Mortimer da Peter Mortimer sun buga gasar Grand Finals guda huɗu tare. Peter ba ya wasa a 1986 saboda rauni kuma Steve ne kawai yake tare lokacin da aka buga gasar Grand Final ta 1988. Babu 'yan'uwa biyu, amma 'yan'uwa uku ne kawai suka buga gasar Grand Finals guda huɗu tare a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata. Steve da Chris sun ƙare suna wasa a gasar Grand Finals guda biyar tare. Duk 'yan'uwan Mortimer guda uku 'yan Life ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs. 

## Bayan kunnawa
A ranar 24 ga Oktoba 2000, Chris Mortimer ya sami lambar yabo ta wasanni ta Australiya . 

## Manazarta
Aikaterini Trikoupi

**Aikaterini Trikoupi** (Girkanci: Αικατερίνη Τρικούπη, Constantinople, 1800 - Aegina, 15 ga Yuli 1871) ita ce matar Firayim Minista na Girka kuma ɗan tarihi Spyridon Trikoupis . Ɗanta shi ne Charilaos Trikoupis, wanda shi ma Firayim Minista ne.

## Tarihin rayuwa

### Iyali
An haife ta ne a Constantinople a cikin 1800, 'yar masanin kuma jami'in a cikin Principalities na Danubian, Nicholas Al. Mavrokordatos (1744-1818)  da Smaragda Karatza . Tana da ɗan'uwa, mayaƙan Juyin Juya Halin Girka na 1821 kuma daga baya ɗan siyasa na ƙasar Girka mai zaman kanta, Alexandros Mavrokordatos, da 'yan'uwa mata biyu, Eleni da Efrosini (matar Friedrich Eduard von Rheineck).  Kakanta shi ne mai mulki (hospodar) na Wallachia, John Caradja . 

### Tserewa daga Constantinople a lokacin juyin juya halin Girka
Lokacin da juyin juya halin Girka ya fara kuma Ottomans sun fara tsanantawa kan Helenawa na Constantinople, an kai hari gidanta a Arnavutköy [1] yayin da aka rataye kawunta, Georgios Mavrokordatos. [2] Daga baya, saboda tsoron kamawa kuma ta ƙare a cikin wata mace, ta bar gidanta ta nemi mafaka tare da wani firist na Ingila wanda ya taimaka mata ta tsere. Ta zo Girka kuma musamman zuwa Nafplio, inda ta sake haduwa da ɗan'uwanta, Alexandros.

### Aure da yara
A ranar 7 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1826 ta yi aure a Nafplio da ɗan siyasa Spyridon Trikoupis .  Aure ya haifar da 'ya'ya hudu: Aglaïa (1830-1842), Charilaos (1832-1896), Othon (1833-1844) da Sophia (1838-1916). 

### Rayuwa a Landan da mutuwa ta hanyar nutsewa
Ta zauna shekaru da yawa a kasashen waje, galibi a Landan, inda mijinta ya yi aiki a matsayin jakada; daga baya iyalin suka zauna a Patissia .  Ta mutu a ranar 15 ga Yulin 1871 a cikin garin Trikoupis a Aegina daga nutsewa. An binne ta a Kabari na farko na Athens a kabarin iyali na iyalin Trikoupis .

## Hoton da ya tsira a gidan kayan gargajiya
Ta shahara ne saboda tsayinta, alheri da ilimi  wanda ta samu bayan girma, tana koyo da sauran abubuwa, Faransanci.  A cikin Gidan Tarihi na Kasa, daga cikin abubuwan da aka nuna, akwai walat na Charilaos Trikoupis wanda ya haɗa da hoto na Aikaterini.

## Manazarta
Gidan Tarihin Halitta na Armenia

**(Gidan Tarihin Halitta na Armenia )** yana wakiltar yanayin Armenia na musamman da bambancinsa. An sake buɗe gidan kayan gargajiya a shekara ta 2004.

## Tarihi
A lokacin Soviet, an buɗe gidan kayan gargajiya na adawa da addini a 1952 wanda daga baya aka canza shi zuwa gidan kayan gargajiya ya kimiyyar halitta kuma a cikin 1960 an sake masa suna The Natural History Museum of Armenia . A cikin 1999 an sake komawa gidan kayan gargajiya zuwa wani gini. Daga 2000 zuwa 2004 tare da goyon bayan Bella da Levon Aharonyan, masu ba da gudummawa biyu na Iran-Armenia, an sake gina ginin gidan kayan gargajiya kuma an buɗe shi ga jama'a tare da sabon nune-nunen.

## Nuni
Gidan kayan gargajiya yana da abubuwa sama da 6000, kashi ɗaya bisa uku ne kawai aka nuna su na ɗan lokaci ko da farko. A cikin ɗakuna huɗu, ana nuna nau'ikan tsire-tsire da dabbobi masu ban sha'awa. Gidan kayan gargajiya kuma yana gabatar da tarin sirri na iyalin Aharonyan.

Abubuwan da ke cikin gidan kayan gargajiya suna wakiltar bambancin yanayi a Armenia. Babban nune-nunen ya ƙunshi hotuna da suka shafi ilimin dabbobi, botany, ilimin ƙasa da zane-zane na filastik. kwatankwacin dabbobi masu shayarwa, dabbobi masu rarrafe, tsuntsaye, dabbobi, kifi, kwari, da arachnid gami da kwanyar, fata, kwarangwal, bishiyoyi, samfurori na herbarium, dabba ko burbushin shuke-shuke, kayan da aka cire, zane-zanen mai, da dai sauransu.

## Abubuwan da suka faru
Gidan kayan gargajiya yana gudanar da nune-nunen da abubuwan da ke faruwa a wasu lokuta da ke da niyyar kara wayar da kan jama'a game da muhalli da kuma shiga cikin bayar da mafita ga matsalolin muhalli. Yawancin dabbobi a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya an yi rajista a cikin IUCN Red List of Threatened Species .

## Gidan wasan kwaikwayo

Fayil:Naturhistoria_muzeo_de_Armenio_04.jpg
Fayil:Naturhistoria_muzeo_de_Armenio_10.jpg
Fayil:Remburita_pelikano_en_la_Naturhistoria_muzeo_de_Armenio.jpg


## Manazarta
Cibiyar Baƙi ta Babban Bankin (Armenia)

**Cibiyar Baƙi ta Babban Bankin** (Armenia_language" id="mwCA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Armenian language" typeof="mw:Transclusion">Armenian) Cibiyar ce kuma gidan kayan gargajiya ne a Yerevan, Armenia wanda aka sadaukar da shi ga ayyukan Babban Bankin Armenia, manufofin kudi na Armenia, da tarihin kuɗi. An buɗe gidan kayan gargajiya a ranar 20 ga Satumba 2011. Tana cikin ginin tarihi na Babban Bankin kuma tana da hawa 2.

## Nuni
Abubuwan da ke tattare da nune-nunen sun haɗa da nune'una 24, yankuna 2 masu ma'amala - dakin gwaje-gwaje don bincika bayanan rubutu da tsabar kudi, na'urar ba da kuɗi ta atomatik, saiti 2 na wasannin multimedia, fim akan tarihin kuɗin ƙasa, fina-finai 2 akan tarihin da ayyukan Babban Bankin, fina-filimu masu zane-zane game da kwanciyar hankali na farashi da ayyukan tsarin kuɗi, da shirye-shiryen bidiyo.

## Nunin tarihi
A cikin sashin tarihi na nune-nunen, an gabatar da tarihin yaduwar kuɗi, farawa da zamanin da ya gabata da tsabar kudi na farko na Armeniya na Masarautun Sophene da Commagene, tsabar kudi ta Tigranes the Great, Parthians da Sassanid, Daular Romawa, Khalifancin Larabawa, Sarkin Kiurike II, Byzantium; a kan nune-nun sune tsabar kudi da Armeniya na Cilicia, Mongolian, Mongolian na Farisa, Ottoman, jerin Soviet Union, Soviet Union, da Soviet Union, tsarin Soviet Union,

## Ayyukan Babban Bankin Armenia
Ana iya samun ƙarin bayani game da ayyukan Babban Bankin, gami da:

* Ci gaba da kwanciyar hankali; farashin hauhawar farashin, farashin sake biyan kuɗi, kwandon mabukaci,
* Ci gaba da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin kudi; tsarin tsarin, Asusun Tabbatar da Tsaro na Mutum, Ofishin Mai Tsakanin Tsarin Kudi, Ofishin Kudin,
* Bayar da kuɗin ƙasa na Jamhuriyar Armenia,
* Ci gaba da tsarin biyan kuɗi da sasantawa,
* Gudanar da ajiyar ƙasa da ƙasa na Armenia.

## Dubi kuma

* Wasan kwaikwayo na Armeniya
* Alamar wasan kwaikwayo ta Armenia
* Tattalin arzikin Armenia

## Manazarta
Iovan Tsaous

**Iovan Tsaous** (Girkanci: , daga kalmar Turkiyya , ma'ana "sarja"; 1893-1942) ya kasance mawaƙin Girka kuma mawaki na waƙoƙin rebetiko daga Pontus . Sunansa na ainihi shi ne **Yiannis Eitziridis** ko **Etseiridis** ( ko ). Ya buga saz.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Tsaous a shekara ta 1893 a Kastamonu a bakin tekun Black Sea na Turkiyya. A matsayinsa na ɗan ƙasa na Daular Ottoman, ya kammala aikin soja a cikin Sojojin Ottoman, inda ya kai matsayin sajan.  Bayan Yaƙin Girka da Turkiyya (1919-1922) , ya zo Girka a matsayin ɗan gudun hijira kuma ya zauna a Piraeus . Ya yi aiki da farko a matsayin mai sa tufafi na wasu shekaru, kafin ya buɗe ouzeri. Shi da matarsa sun mutu a shekara ta 1942 daga guba ta abinci a lokacin yunwa da Nazi-Fascist ya haifar a lokacin WWII. Yawancin bayanai game da rayuwarsa sun fito ne daga zuriyar surukinsa.

## Ayyuka
Za a ji Tsaous a kalla rikodin goma sha biyar da aka yi tsakanin 1936 da 1937. Waƙoƙi goma sha biyu na farko da aka jera a ƙasa sune waƙoƙin kansa. Wadannan waƙoƙin suna da halayyar idiosyncratic na gaske, kuma ba su da kama da wasu waƙoƙi na lokacin a cikin yarensu na waƙa, amfani da mita, da kuma amfani da lokaci mai ban mamaki a cikin rikodin zamani. An ba da ƙarin waƙoƙi biyu ga Panagiotis Tountas, ɗaya kuma ga Giorgos Kamvisis. Antonis Kalyvopoulos ne ya rera waƙoƙin farko guda shida, Stellakis ne ya rera na takwas, Roza Eskenazi ne ya rera su na ƙarshe. Tsaous ya kasance jagoran ƙungiyar a kalla waƙoƙi goma sha biyu na farko. Ya buga kayan kida daban-daban guda uku a cikin rikodin sa (duba sashe na baya), babu wani daga cikinsu bouzouki, kodayake alamun rikodin sau da yawa suna ambaton bouzoukia.

## Bayanan Kula

## Manazarta
Dimitra Tserkezou

**Dimitra Tserkezou** (1920-2007) masanin zane-zane ne na Girka.

An haifi Tserkezou a Istanbul ga dangin Girka waɗanda suka koma Athens, inda ta kammala karatu daga Makarantar Fine Arts ta Kasa a 1946; ta kuma tafi Milan inda ta yi aikin gyaran ƙarfe daga 1966 zuwa 1971. Kasancewarta ta farko ta kasance a baje kolin Panhellenic na 4 a 1952 kuma nune-nunen ta biyu na farko sun faru a 1953 a Thessaloniki (Chamber of Commerce and Industry & 18th International Fair of Thessaloniki). Tun daga wannan lokacin, ta ci gaba da aikin fasaha ta shiga cikin salons da nune-nunen da yawa a Piraeus, Athens, Milan, Rome, Turin, Paris, Strasbourg, Monaco, Deauville, Biaritz, Brussels, Düsseldorf, Quebec da sauransu.

arba'in daga cikin siffofinta suna yin ado da wuraren jama'a da lambuna a Girka (Athens, Syros, Chios da sauran garuruwa da yawa)  da kuma tarin abubuwa da yawa (kamar misali a Zurich, a Vatican ko Washington - White House). 

Ayyukanta na Neorealist ne kuma na alama ne a cikin tsari mai sauƙi, mai bayyanawa da ƙarfin hali; abubuwan da ta tsara suna cike da bil'adama (an fi zaɓar batutuwan ta a rayuwar yau da kullun); tana ba da rai ga kayan aiki masu wuya na marmara, tagulla, siminti da sabbin karafa.

## Kyaututtuka

* Medal na azurfa (& difloma) a baje kolin kasa da kasa "Quadriennale d'Europa", Roma 1966.
* Medal na azurfa (& difloma) a baje kolin kasa da kasa "Città del Sole", Roma 1966.
* Medal na azurfa (& difloma) a baje kolin "Biennale d'Arte Contemporanea", Roma 1968.
* Medal na zinariya (& difloma) daga Kwalejin Tommazo Campanella, Roma 1972.
* Medal na zinariya (& difloma) "Burckhardt Campidoglio d'Oro" ta Bruckhardt Academy, Roma 1979.

## Mutuwa
Ta mutu a shekara ta 2007 a Athens, Girka .

## Manazarta
Chris Mortensen

**Christian Anthony Mortensen** (7 ga Nuwamba, 1951 - 3 ga Maris, 2024), wanda aka fi sani da " **Mort** ", ɗan jarida ne ɗan Amurka wanda aka yi masa kallon wanda ya fara aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahotanni game da Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Ƙasa (NFL) a duk shekara.

An fi sanin Mortensen da aikinsa a gidan talabijin na ESPN, inda yake bayar da gudummawa akai-akai ga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na cibiyar sadarwar da suka lashe kyaututtuka kamar *NFL GameDay*, *Sunday NFL Countdown*, da *Monday Night Countdown*, da kuma jerin *wasannin Outside the Lines* na cibiyar sadarwar. Ya kuma kasance mai bayar da gudummawa akai-akai ga fakitin *SportsCenter*, ESPN Radio, da ESPN.com na cibiyar sadarwar.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Chris Mortensen a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba, 1951, a Torrance, California,  Mortensen ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta North Torrance da ke Torrance, California, da Kwalejin El Camino kafin ya yi shekaru biyu a Rundunar Sojan Amurka a lokacin Yaƙin Vietnam . 

## Sana'a
Mortensen ya fara aikinsa da jaridar *[[South Bay Daily Breeze]]* a shekarar 1969.  Ya sami kyaututtuka 18 a fannin aikin jarida. A shekarar 1978, ya lashe kyautar National Headliner Award for Investigative Reporting. A shekarar 2016, ya sami kyautar Dick McCann daga Pro Football Writers of America kuma Pro Football Hall of Fame ya karrama shi a lokacin bikin sanya shi a watan Agusta na 2016.  Tun daga shekarar 1985, ya rufe kowace Super Bowl sai Super Bowl 50, wanda bai rufe ba bayan an gano yana da cutar kansar makogwaro ta mataki na IV . 

## manazarta
Christos Tsigiridis

**Christos Tsigiridis** (Girkanci: , mai suna Girkanci pronunciation: [ˈxristos tsiɟiˈriðis]; 1877-1947) ya kasance Injiniyan lantarki na Girka kuma mai gabatarwa na fasaha na zamaninsa. An fi saninsa da kafa Tashar rediyo ta farko a Girka da kuma manyan Balkans da ke zaune a Thessaloniki . 

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Christos Tsigiridis a shekara ta 1877 a Filibi a Daular Ottoman (a yau Plovdiv, Bulgaria) ga iyayen kabilun Girka. Ya girma a cikin mawuyacin hali saboda mutuwar mahaifinsa. Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Faransa a garinsu kuma yana da shekaru 20 ya koma Stuttgart a Jamus, inda ya zauna tare da ɗaya daga cikin ɗan'uwansa, wanda shi ma ya mallaki ƙaramin masana'antar taba. A Jamus, Tsingiridis ya kuma yi karatun injiniyan lantarki a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Stuttgart . A shekara ta 1906 ya koma Plovdiv, amma ya tashi da sauri saboda tsananta wa 'yan tsirarun Girka a Bulgaria, ya koma Stuttgart.

A lokacin zamansa na biyu a Jamus, ya shiga cikin kasuwancin taba kuma a lokaci guda ya sadu da matarsa, Marie Louise Vogel, wani dan asalin Jamus na asalin Belgium, tare da wanda yake da 'ya'ya mata biyu, Elaia da Georgette. Wannan na ƙarshe ya zama fitaccen dan wasan ballet da kuma dan wasan kwaikwayo. Bayan 'yan shekaru, Tsigiridis ya yanke shawarar zama har abada a Girka.

Bayan ya koma Girka, ya zauna a Larissa, ya karɓi kula da wutar lantarki da samar da ruwa a birnin, kuma a cikin 1925 ya koma Thessaloniki. A shekara mai zuwa Tsigiridis ya shiga cikin baje kolin kasa da kasa na farko na Thessaloniki, yana gabatar da masu magana da babbar murya da masu karawa a matsayin wakilin kamfanin Jamus Siemens &amp;amp; Halske .  An ɗauka cewa tsakanin 1925 da 1926, ya gudanar da watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo na farko na gwaji.

An yi iƙirarin [1] cewa a ranar 25 ga Maris, 1927, a lokacin hutun kasa, Tsigiridis ya samar da watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo na gwaji na farko, na tsawon rabin sa'a. A shekara mai zuwa, aikin yau da kullun na Rediyo Tsigiridis ya fara a hukumance, yana watsa shirye-shirye daga filin Mars a Thessaloniki. Ita ce tashar rediyo ta farko a kasar da kuma Balkans. Tsigiridis ne ya rufe farashin aikinsa, da kuma kudaden shiga na talla.[undefined] Daga 1936 zuwa 1938, Rediyon Tsigiridis ya yi haɗin gwiwa tare da jaridar Ioannis Vellidis 'Macedonia . [2]

A lokacin da aka mamaye Girka, hukumomin Jamus sun ɗaure Tsigiridis na ɗan lokaci kuma a lokaci guda sun kwace kasuwancinsa. Bayan 'Yanci, mai watsawa ya kasance na ɗan lokaci a ƙarƙashin ikon ELAS kafin a mayar da shi ga mai shi a 1945, amma a 1947 Gidauniyar Rediyo ta Kasa ta kwace shi.

Tsigiridis ya mutu a ranar 17 ga Disamba, 1947. Ma'aikatar Thessaloniki ce ta biya jana'izarsa.

## Manazarta
Georgios Tsitas

**Georgios Tsitas** (Girkanci: , an haife shi a 1872 a Smyrna, ya mutu tsakanin 1940 da 1945) ya kasance mai kokawa na Girka. Ya shiga gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1896 a Athens . 

A zagaye na farko na gasar kokawa, wanda aka gudanar a cikin tsarin Girka da Romawa, Tsitas yana da gaisuwa don tabbatar da kammala uku kafin ya yi wasa. Wasan kusa da na karshe ya sanya Tsitas da ɗan'uwansa na Girka Stephanos Christopoulos . Tsitas ya lashe wasan ta hanyar jefa Christopoulos . A wasan karshe, Tsitas ya yi gwagwarmaya da Carl Schuhmann na Jamus, mai wasan motsa jiki na musamman, na minti 40 kafin a jinkirta wasan saboda duhu. Tsitas bai daɗe ba washegari, an ci shi don kammala a matsayi na biyu.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
An haifi George Tsitas a shekara ta 1872 a Smyrna amma iyalinsa sun zauna a Athens. Ya kasance ɗan wasa a cikin Panellinios G.S. Jaridu na lokacin sun ba da rahoton cewa malaminsa na kokawa shine Panagis Koutalianos . Yana da gidan burodi, a cikin duniyar Panhellenic yana da suna na "Hercules mai ban dariya".

## Manazarta
Dick Newell

**Richard G. Newell** ɗan kasuwa ne kuma masanin fasaha ɗan ƙasar Birtaniya a fannin software a fannin ƙirar kwamfuta (CAD) da kuma tsarin bayanai na ƙasa (GIS). 

## Sana'a
Newell yana da digiri a fannin Injiniyan Farar Hula da Nazarin Lambobi da kuma digirin digirgir a fannin Injiniyan Sinadarai daga Kwalejin Imperial, London . 

A matsayinsa na injiniyan software, ya yi aiki a CADCentre tare da ɗan'uwansa Martin Newell wanda wataƙila aka fi sani da wanda ya ƙirƙiri tukunyar shayi ta Utah (ko tukunyar shayi ta Newell). A cibiyar ne Newell ya jagoranci ƙirƙirar Tsarin Gudanar da Tsarin Shuke-shuke mai nasara (PDMS) don ƙirar masana'antar sarrafa 3D. A shekarar 1972 Newell, ɗan'uwansa Martin da Tom Sancha sun gabatar da tsarin algorithm na Newell .

Ya kafa kamfaninsa na farko, Cambridge Interactive Systems Ltd. (CIS) a shekarar 1977. CIS wani ɓangare ne na abin da aka sani da 'The Cambridge Phenomenon '.  Newell ya kafa Smallworld Systems tare a shekarar 1988. An yi nasarar haɓaka kamfanin a NASDAQ a shekarar 1996 kuma daga baya aka sayar da shi ga General Electric Corporation (GE) a shekarar 2000. 

A halin yanzu Darakta ne mara zartarwa na UltraVision CLPL tare da abokan hulɗar kasuwanci J. Keith Lomas da John H. Clamp. Shi ma Darakta ne na Ubisense da Digital Spring  .

Newell ya kuma riƙe muƙamin memba na majalisar dokoki a British Trust for Ornithology (BTO).  A shekarar 2016 ya sami kyautar Marsh ta BTO don Innovative Ornithology saboda aikinsa tare da Action for Swifts . 

## Manazarta
Eleni Vakalo

**Eleni Vakalo** (Girkanci: Ελένη Βακαλό; 1921-2001) mawaki ne na Girka, mai sukar fasaha kuma masanin tarihin fasaha.

## Tarihin rayuwa
Eleni Vakalo, née **Stavrinou**, An haife ta ne a ranar 26 ga Oktoba 1921, a Constantinople,  kuma a 1922 iyayenta suka koma Athens.  Ta yi karatun ilimin kimiyyar tarihi a Jami'ar Athens (1940-45) da Tarihin fasaha a Sorbonne (1948). A shekara ta 1944 ta auri mai zane George Vakalo (1902-1991). 

Vakalo ya rubuta littattafai 14 na shayari da kundin tara na ka'idar fasaha da tarihin fasaha. A matsayinta na mai sukar fasaha ta kasance marubuciya tsakanin 1955 da 1975. Ta kafa Makarantar Fasaha da Zane ta Vakalo [el] tare da mijinta a 1958 kuma ta kasance malami a can har zuwa 1990. [1] Ayyukan Vakalo sun tabbatar da wahalar fassara yayin da sake fasalin da ba zato ba tsammani na haɗin Helenanci ya haifar da rashin tabbas na ilimin harshe.[2]

Vakalo ya mutu a ranar 10 ga Oktoba 2001 a Athens . 

## Kyaututtuka

* Kyautar Jiha ta Farko don Waƙoƙi, 1991
* Kyautar Rubuce-rubuce ta Kwalejin Athens, 1997
* Digiri na girmamawa a tarihin tarihi-archaeology daga Jami'ar Thessaloniki, 1998
* Digiri na girmamawa daga Jami'ar Derby, 2000

## Manazarta
Georgios Vafopoulos

**Georgios Vafopoulos** (Girkanci; 6 ga Satumba 1903 - 15 ga Satumba 1996) mawaki ne na Girka, marubuci, malami, kuma ɗan jarida.

## Tarihin rayuwa

### Shekaru na farko
An haifi Vafopoulos a ranar 6 ga Satumba 1903 a Gevgelija, sannan Daular Ottoman (yanzu Arewacin Makidoniya). Bayan Yaƙin Balkan na Biyu, ya zauna a Edessa, a Fano na Kilkis, a Goumenissa kuma a ƙarshe a Thessaloniki. A shekara ta 1923 ya koma Athens, inda ya shiga Makarantar Lissafi ta Jami'ar Athens, amma an soke karatunsa a farkon 1924 yayin da yake fama da tarin fuka. Daga nan, ya koma Thessaloniki, kuma tare da Kostas Kokkinos, sun gudanar da gudanarwar mujallar *Makedonika Grammata* (). 

Tun daga wannan lokacin, ya fara aiki tare da mujallu da jaridu, inda aka buga waƙoƙinsa, rubuce-rubucensa da labarai. Ya kuma kasance mai ba da gudummawa na farko kuma sanannen mai ba da kyauta ga ɗakin karatu na gari mai zuwa na Thessaloniki . 

### Shekaru na baya
Ya yi aiki a matsayin manajan ɗakin karatu daga kafuwarsa a 1939 har zuwa 1963, tare da wasu hutu na tilas, musamman a lokacin da Jamus ta mamaye Girka. Ya kuma kasance memba na ƙungiyar edita na mujallar adabi "*Makedonikes Imeres*" (*Μακεδονικές Ημέρες*). Ya kasance Sakatare Janar na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na farko na Thessaloniki (1944) kuma memba na Kwamitin Daraktoci na gidan wasan kwaikwayon na Arewacin Girka (1964-1967). Ya kuma kasance malami a Jami'ar Aristotle ta Thessaloniki a cikin shekarun 1990. Ya sami kyaututtuka da yawa na wallafe-wallafen, daga Kwalejin Athens, daga garin Thessaloniki, da kuma daga kungiyoyi da kungiyoyi da yawa.

## Rayuwa da tafiye-tafiye
A shekara ta 1924, ya sadu da mawaki da marubucin wasan kwaikwayo na Thessaloniki Anthoula Stathopoulou, wanda ya auri a shekara ta 1931. A cikin wannan shekarar, ya yi tafiya zuwa Dutsen Athos . A shekara ta 1935, matarsa ta mutu daga tarin fuka. A cikin 1938, ya yi tafiya zuwa Italiya, Faransa, da Switzerland. A wannan shekarar ya sadu da Anastasia Gerakopoulou, wanda ya auri a shekara ta 1946. [1] A shekara ta 1951, ya yi tafiya zuwa Ingila, inda ya ziyarci ɗakin karatu na Burtaniya. A shekara ta 1955 ya yi tafiya zuwa garinsu, Gevgelija, sannan wani ɓangare na Yugoslavia, inda ya ziyarci kabarin kakansa. Daga nan har zuwa 1974 ya yi tafiya zuwa ƙasashe da yawa, Amurka, Austria, Romania, Belgium, Jamus, Netherlands, Italiya, Spain kuma a ƙarshe Cyprus. A wannan shekarar ya kamu da mummunar ciwon zuciya. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida] [ana buƙatar hujja][citation needed]

Ya mutu a ranar 15 ga Satumba,   1996, bayan watanni biyu a asibiti a wani asibiti na Thessaloniki, yana da shekaru 93.

## Ayyuka
Wasu daga cikin ayyukansa sune:

* Graduwa, 1931
* *Ya yi amfani da shi. Έμμετρη βιβλική da kuma*, 1934
* Η Μεγάλη Ν тяжеτα και το Παράθυρο, 1959
* *Yarda da kuma Yarda da* Yarda da
* *Tα Ya yi amfani da shi* a shekarar 1966
* Σελίδες autoβιογραφίας, 1970-1975 (4 kundin) 

## Manazarta
Sofia Vembo

**Sofia Bembou** (Girkanci: ; 10 Fabrairu 1910 - 10 Maris 1978), wanda aka fi sani da **Sofia Vembo** (), babbar mawaƙiya ce kuma 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Girka mai aiki daga lokacin yakin basasa zuwa farkon shekarun bayan yaƙi da shekarun 1950. Ta zama sananniya saboda rawar da ta yi na waƙoƙin kishin ƙasa a lokacin Yaƙin Girka da Italiya, lokacin da aka ba ta suna "Songstress of Victory".

## Tarihin rayuwa

An haifi Sofia Bembo a Gallipoli, Gabashin Thrace, Turkiyya, kuma ta yi yarinta a Istanbul. Bayan musayar yawan jama'a ta 1923, iyalinta suka koma Tsaritsani a Girka, inda mahaifinta ya zama ma'aikacin taba, sannan daga baya zuwa Volos.

Ta fara aikinta a Thessaloniki a farkon shekarun 1930. A cikin hunturu na 1933, mai gudanar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo Fotis Samartzis na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na *Kentrikon* ya hayar ta don sake dubawa "Parrot 1933". Daga nan sai ta fara yin rikodin waƙoƙin soyayya ga kamfanin Columbia, ta sami shahara saboda muryarta mai sauti.

Sunanta, duk da haka, ya tashi bayan harin Italiya a kan Girka a ranar 28 ga Oktoba 1940, lokacin da rawar da ta yi na waƙoƙin kishin ƙasa da na satirical ya zama babban wahayi ga sojoji masu yaƙi da kuma mutane da yawa waɗanda da sauri ta zama jarumiyar jama'a. Bayan mamayewar Jamus da mamaye kasar a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1941, an kai ta Gabas ta Tsakiya, inda ta ci gaba da yin aiki ga sojojin Girka da ke gudun hijira.

Bayan yakin, a 1949, ta sami gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kanta, "Vembo Theatre", a unguwar Metaxourgeio ta Athens. A shekara ta 1957, ta auri ƙaunatacciyar ƙaunatacciya Mimis Traiforos . A cikin shekarun 1960, ta fara yin aiki kaɗan, kafin a ƙarshe ta yi ritaya a farkon shekarun 1970. A shekara ta 1973, a lokacin tashin hankali na Athens Polytechnic, ta ba da mafaka ga ɗaliban da sojojin tsaro na Junta suka tsananta musu.[1] Ta mutu a ranar 11 ga Maris 1978. [2]

Saboda rawar da ta taka a yakin da kuma kokarin da ta yi a lokacin Axis occupation, an ba ta matsayi na Major a cikin Sojojin Girka.

## Hotunan fina-finai

## Manazarta