Tafkin Najafgarh

**Kogin Najafgarh**, **Najafgarh Marsh** ko **Najafgarh Jheel** (Jheel a Hindi yana nufin tafkin), kogin Sahibi  ke ciyar da shi, ya kasance babban tafki a kudu maso yammacin Delhi, kusa da garin Najafgarh, daga inda aka samo sunansa. An haɗa shi da kogin Yamuna ta wani nullah ko magudanar ruwa mai zurfi da ake kira Najafgarh nullah. Koyaya, bayan 1960s Sashen Kula da Ambaliyar Ruwa na Delhi ya ci gaba da fadada magudanar ruwa na Najafgarh . Dalilin da sashen ya bayar shine ceto Delhi daga ambaliyar ruwa. Wannan faɗaɗawa ya haifar da magudanar ruwa daga ƙarshe, wanda ya taɓa zama babba kuma mai arzikin muhalli, tafkin Najafgarh. Ruwan ruwan sama da ya taru a tafkin Najafgarh ko jheel basin an yi rikodin ya mamaye fiye da  a cikin shekaru masu yawa kafin ya bushe.

## Bukatar nishaɗin tafkin da aka zube
Tare da ci gaban da aka samu a cikin fahimtar muhalli a baya-bayan nan ya bayyana a fili cewa malalewar wannan babban tafki ya shafi dukkanin yanayin wannan yanki mai muhimmanci wanda shi ne babban birnin Indiya na Delhi da makwaftansa, ya kuma kai ga fadowar ruwan karkashin kasa wanda ya haifar da karancin ruwa don haka. wannan yanki mai yawan jama'a. To sai dai kuma a lokacin da tafkin ya mamaye a shekarun 1960 ko kuma a cikin shekaru da dama da suka biyo bayan batun lalata albarkatun kasa mai albarka da muhallin namun daji da ke cikin tafkin, darajarsa da kimarsa a matsayin tafkin ruwa da ke sake cajin teburin ruwan yankin. a cikin watanni na rani da kuma illar da ke tattare da malala wannan babban tafkin a kan yanayin gida ya tafi ba a lura da shi ba kuma ba a tantaunawa ba domin jama’a, kafafen yada labarai da kafafen yada labarai ko ma’aikatun muhalli masu alaka da su ba su da masaniya kuma sun manta da abin da ke faruwa da kuma illolinsa na dogon lokaci. . Ko a yanzu kasancewar wani babban tafki ya taba wanzuwa a nan yankin da kuma bukatar sake farfado da shi ya kasance wani batu da ba a san shi ba. Cikakkun magudanar ruwa ya haifar da hasarar dimbin mahalli da namun daji wanda hakan ya kai ga gangarowar ruwa a daukacin yankin wanda hakan ya sa yankin ya kara dagulewa . Akwai wasu tsare-tsare tun lokacin da aƙalla tada wani ƙaramin tafki a yankin. Yawancin filayen basin na Najafgarh jheel sun karu da yawa a cikin darajarsu saboda zuwan su a cikin Delhi, babban birnin Indiya kuma suna ƙarƙashin mallakar manoma waɗanda za su so su sami kuɗi mai sauri suna siyar da su ga masu haɓakawa waɗanda ke son canza tsohuwar tafkin tafkin. a cikin rukunin gidaje kamar yadda ya riga ya faru tare da manyan gidaje masu tasowa a yankin. Idan magudanar ruwa na Najafgarh, wanda aka gina don zubar da asalin tabkin Najafgarh ko jheel, ya keta faffadan lungunan sa, zai mamaye wadannan kasashe da suka ci gaba da matsugunan gidaje saboda su ya bazu ko'ina a kan tsohon tafkin jheel ko tafkin.

## Tarihin sharar ruwa: Tafki mai girman gaske
Kafin rashin cikakkiyar magudanar wannan tafkin a cikin 1960s ta hanyar faɗaɗa magudanar ruwa ta Najafgarh ta sashin kula da ambaliya da ban ruwa na Delhi tafkin a cikin shekaru da yawa ya cika bakin ciki fiye da  a cikin karkarar Delhi. Tana da wadataccen yanayi mai ɗorewa wanda ke zama mafaka ga ɗimbin tsuntsayen ruwa da namun daji na gida. Tafkin ya kasance daya daga cikin wuraren zama na karshe na shaharar kuma mai hatsarin jirgin saman Siberian wanda duk ya bace daga yankin Indiya a yanzu. Tun kafin samun 'yancin kai da yawa daga cikin jami'an mulkin mallaka na Birtaniyya da kuma manyan baki sun zo manyan bukukuwa domin farautar tsuntsayen ruwa a kowace kakar.   

## Najafgarh magudanar ruwa ko nullah
*Magudanar Najafgarh* ko *Najafgarh nullah* ( *nullah* a Hindi yana nufin magudanar ruwa) wani suna ne kawai na kogin Sahibi wanda ke ci gaba da kwarara ta cikin Delhi inda yake ratsawa saboda dalilai na shawo kan ambaliyar ruwa, rafi ne zuwa Kogin Yamuna wanda ya fado a nan. A cikin Delhi ana kiranta da kuskure "Najafgarh drain" ko "Najafgarh nullah", yana samun wannan suna daga sanannen kuma babbar Najafgarh Jheel (tafkin) kusa da garin Najafgarh a kudu maso yammacin Delhi kuma a cikin birni Delhi shine babban birnin Indiya. gurbataccen ruwa saboda shigowar najasa kai tsaye daga wuraren da jama'a ke kewaye da su. Rahoton Janairu na 2005 na Hukumar Kula da Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Hulɗa ta Tsakiya wannan magudanar ruwa tare da wasu gurɓatattun wuraren dausayi 13 a ƙarƙashin rukunin *D* don tantance ingancin ruwan dausayi a wuraren zama na namun daji.     

## Wuri Mai Tsarki na Tsuntsaye da yanayin yanayin dausayi
An fadada magudanar da yawa a cikin shekaru da yawa don zubar da duk ruwan da a cikin shekarun da suka gabata aka yi amfani da shi don tattarawa a cikin tafkin Nagafgarh Jheel wannan ana tsammanin an yi shi don kawar da barazanar ambaliya a Delhi   kuma yanzu magudanar da kanta tana aiki. a matsayin ruwa mai tsayi ko tafki mai bishiyun da aka dasa a kan gaɓoɓinsa guda biyu tare da hanyar dubawa da ke gudana akan bango ɗaya. A cikin watannin hunturu yana jawo ɗimbin tsuntsaye masu ƙaura kuma yana tallafawa namun daji na gida tsawon shekara. Saboda wadataccen namun daji da ake gani a ciki da kuma kewayen magudanar ruwa da ba a ƙazantar da su ba a wajen cunkoson jama'a an tsara shi azaman Wuri Mai Tsarki na Bird na Delhi.   

Tsarin yanayi mai laushi da mazaunin namun daji a kan kilomita da yawa na ƙarancin gurɓataccen magudanar ruwa na Najafgarh a cikin karkarar Delhi kafin shiga babban birni wanda ya haɗa da tsohon *tafkin Najafgarh* ko yankin *Najafgarh jheel* yana da matukar muhimmanci wurin zama ga tsuntsayen ruwa masu ƙaura da kuma namun daji na gida kuma an sa ran za a ayyana su. mafakar tsuntsaye ga Delhi. An amince da yankin a matsayin wani muhimmin wurin zama na namun daji bayan wani masanin halitta na yankin da ke nazarin yankin a tsakanin shekarun 1986-88 ya kula da shi yana ba da shawarar a kiyaye shi a matsayin mafakar tsuntsaye bayan haka sashen namun daji na Delhi ya sanya masu gadi 16 a yankin don sarrafa ba bisa ka'ida ba. masu farautar tsuntsaye ciki har da jami'an diflomasiyya daga ofisoshin jakadancin kasashen duniya daban-daban da ke Delhi, babban birnin Indiya. Jami'an gwamnatin Delhi an dora musu alhakin ayyana kusan kilomita 25 na magudanar ruwa a yankunan karkarar Delhi, ciki har da inda ake wucewa ta cikin babban yankin tafkin Najafgarh da ya malala, "kare" a karkashin "Dokar namun daji" bayan Laftanar-Gwamnan Delhi Mr. An gayyaci HL Kapur zuwa yankin domin rangadi a wurin inda ya kuma ji bayanan mutanen kauyen game da yawaitar farautar tsuntsayen ruwa ba bisa ka'ida ba da ke faruwa a nan duk shekara. Haka kuma ma’aikatan da ke aiki a Sashen Kula da Ruwa da Ruwa da suka kai kimanin 40 an kuma ba su karin nauyin kare namun daji a magudanar ruwa da kewaye.   

A cikin katuwar Najafgarh jheel da ta wanzu a nan, ɗimbin ɗimbin ciyayi mai ɗorewa ya bunƙasa tare da wadataccen rayuwar tsuntsaye na gida da ƙaura; kuma a cikin ƙasashen da ke kewaye akwai namun daji da yawa. Manya-manyan ƙungiyoyin farauta na ƴan mulkin mallaka na gida da na Biritaniya  suna saukowa a tafkin kowace shekara, yawancin ƙauyen ƙauyen suna aiki a matsayin jagorori kuma suna taimaka wa ayyukan sansani a sansanonin farauta. Mazauna kauyen har yanzu suna raye har zuwa karshen karnin da ya gabata sun tuna da motoci da yawa na jami'an mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya suna taruwa a gefen tafkin domin harbin agwagwa. A cikin waɗancan shekarun da suka gabata, tare da namun daji masu wadata da ke zaune a yankin nan kuma sun rayu a halin yanzu da ake kyautata zaton bacewar shahararrun agwagi masu ruwan hoda, waɗanda mafarauta da masu lura da tsuntsaye suka harba a nan, sun yi rikodin kasancewar cranes na Siberian da ba safai ba. karin ziyarar Indiya.  

## Filayen noma a yankin tafkin Najafgarh muhimmin wurin zama
Ƙasar noma da ke da ɗan tashin hankali tana aiki a matsayin muhimmin wurin zama na tsuntsu a cikin tafkin Najafgarh, ko da filayen da ke kwance ana amfani da su ta ɗaruruwan raye- rayen demoiselle da cranes na gama gari, ana iya ganin nau'i-nau'i na cranes na sarus a cikin gonar da ke kusa da magudanar ruwa na Najafgarh. Sauran tsuntsayen daji da namun daji suma suna zaune a wadannan filayen noma da suka hada da kurege, nilgai, dawa, fox na kowa, dawa, duban kadangaru, nau'ikan macizai da dai sauransu wadanda kuma suke zuwa domin fakewa a cikin dazuzzukan dazuzzukan magudanar ruwa kuma suna watse zuwa cikin gonakin da ke makwabtaka da su. cin abinci.

## Haɓaka manyan gidaje a cikin tsohon tafkin Najafgarh
Bayan cikar magudanar ruwa a cikin 1960s tsohon tafkin ya zama filin noma da farko kuma a yanzu manyan ayyukan gidaje daban-daban sun mamaye tsohon tafkin da suka hada da vikaspuri, Uttam Nagar, pappankalan, dwarka da sauransu, filin jirgin sama na Delhi kuma yana kan iyaka. tsohon tafkin tafkin.

Farashin filaye ya yi tashin gwauron zabo kuma magina da masu ci gaba sun taru a wannan yanki da ya fado a cikin Delhi, amfani da filaye yana canjawa daga noma zuwa ci gaban biranen gidaje. Koyaya, idan magudanar ruwa ta Najafgarh ta taɓa keta ginshiƙansa na mutum da kagara a lokacin damina, za a iya ambaliya manyan ɓangarorin waɗannan matsugunan gidaje, suna haifar da babban bala'i.

## Duba kuma

* Bhalswa tafkin doki
* Najafgarh Town, Delhi
* Najafgarh magudanar ruwa, Delhi
* Najafgarh magudanar ruwa mai tsarki, Delhi
* National Zoological Park Delhi
* Okhla Sanctuary, iyaka da Delhi a cikin kusancin Uttar Pradesh
* Gidan shakatawa na Sultanpur, yana iyaka da Delhi a cikin gundumar Gurgaon, Haryana

## Manazarta

* 'Rayar da tsoffin tafkuna hanyar fita daga matsalolin ruwa', 9 ga Agusta 2003, The Indian Express
* Shirye-shiryen ayyuka kan gurɓatattun wurare a Delhi nan ba da jimawa ba, GN BUREAU, NEW DELHI, Maris 17, 2010, Mulki Yanzu

## Kara karantawa

* Delhi Master Plan 2021: Planning Zone-L, West Zone –III of Master Plan of Delhi 2021 - Note the *Najafgarh Lake Area* shown therein.
* DRAFT ZONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN PLANNING ZONE- 'L', Overview, Map and Villages in L-Zone.
* Flood Problem due to Sahibi River, Department of Irrigation and Flood Control, Government of NCT of Delhi, India.
* WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN NAJAFGARH DRAINAGE BASIN – KEY TO WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN RIVER YAMUNA , by Asit Nema of Foundation for Greentech Environmental Systems1 and Dr. Lalit Agrawal of Tokyo Engineering Consultants, Japan2
* FLOOD CONTROL - The National Capital Territory of Delhi
* 'Part of Najafgarh drain to be covered', 12 September 2009, The Hindu
* How Sultanpur happened: Sultanpur and Najafgarh Jheels - by Peter Jackson, https://web.archive.org/web/20110516053542/http://www.haryana-online.com/Fauna/Birds/peter_jackson.htm
* 'Reviving old ponds way out of water woes', 9 August 2003, The Indian Express
* [Book: A Guide to the Birds of the Delhi Area (1975) by Usha Ganguli, a member of the Delhi Birdwatching Society. She includes sections from "The Imperial Gazetteer of India" annual colonial records of British India from Delhi detailing local wildlife and extent of water accumulation in Najafgarh Jheel basin yearly.]
* [Birdwatching Articles from 1961 to 1975 from wetlands of Najafgarh lake by Usha Ganguli in "Newsletter for Birdwatchers" edited by Zafar Futehally]
* Proposal for ground water recharge in National Capital Region (NCR) by Dr. S. K. Sharma, Ground water expert, https://web.archive.org/web/20111110051227/http://www.greensystems.net/images/Dr.Sharma%20NCR%20Planning%20board%20proposal.pdf, https://web.archive.org/web/20110410050916/http://www.indiawaterportal.org/taxonomy/term/2891
* https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:RabaBQDqo68J:www.wsscc.org/sites/default/files/india_singh_delhis_watery_woes_2006.pdf+bird+count+najafgarh+drain&hl=en&gl=ca&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESjlgc68wrZgBbj0hEmWVk7HauQdWLh_BVFYvxYGw32kvR4U2mGAyaRPANgdq0RzGq6dzdIsioYliM4z5dvO5ZDY_I6_v1aFeTkZfywGTFbM3pRISW75Q2F_5Jf8aBgwHsZaOXra&sig=AHIEtbQHJIrk1sity8tW--Nbc_11UUCAQg, Delhi's Watery Woes by Arun Kumar Singh
* Birds are back at Najafgarh Jheel, 19 08 2010, Delhi Edition, Hindustan Times
* No more water-logging at airport with new drain in place, New Delhi, 17 December 2009, The Hindu
* Walls to be constructed around Najafgarh drain, New Delhi, 29 December 2006, Hindustan Times
* Groundwater to be recharged at Najafgarh, Mungeshwar drains, 10 March 2007, The Indian Express
* Gurgaon polluting Najafgarh drain, draws Minister's ire , by Rajesh Kumar, New Delhi, 27/07/2006, The Pioneer
* Winged visitors are back at Najafgarh Lake, New Delhi,  03/11/2011, Hindustan Times. Also see https://web.archive.org/web/20120425051943/http://m.pressmart.com/Home.aspx?event=HTDelhi&dt=29102011&page=751_006&mdl=
* CHAPTER J.- DESCRIPTIVE· pages from the Gazeteers, Delhi, 1912
* URBAN FLOODING AND ITS MANAGEMENT, 2006. India Disaster Management Congress.IIPA Campus, IP Estate, Near ITO Road, New Delhi. National Institute of Disaster Management, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India
* ACTION PLAN, ABATEMENT OF POLLUTION IN CRITICALLY POLLUTED AREA OF NAJAFGARH DRAN BASIN INCLUDING OKHLA, NARAINA, ANAND PARBAT AND WAZIRPUR INDL AREAS, DELHI POLLUTION CONTROL COMMITTEE, 4th Floor, ISBT Building, Kashmere Gate, Delhi-6, March, 2011
* BLUE DELHI DECLARATION, White Paper on: Aiming for Sustainability and Self Sufficiency in Delhi Water Management – Evaluating Delhi's Current Water Assets vis a vis their Utilisation 
* URBAN FLOODING DEMOGRAPHY AND URBANIZATION by Shashikant Nishant Sharma sns.sahil[at]gmail[dot]com 11/1/2010, SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE, Delhi
* Biodegradation of wastewater of Najafgarh drain, Delhi using autochthonous microbial consortia : a laboratory study. by Sharma G, Mehra NK, Kumar R. Source Limnology Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi-1 10 007, India.
* A search for archived News Articles on Najafgarh Drain on the India Envirinmental Portal website
* City to get its 1st bird sanctuary, 15/02/2005, Asian Age (New Delhi)
* New camp to jazz up tourism in city soon , 19 April 2010, Asian Age (New Delhi)
* Delhiites to cool off with aqua sports, New Delhi, 30 September 2007, Tribune News Service, The Tiribune, Chandigarh
* Proposal for groundwater recharge in National Capital Region - A report by SK Sharma and Green Systems , Submitted by samir Nazareth on 22 April 2011, India waterportal - Safe, sustainable water for all

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Dazuzzukan da aka yi rikodi (Yanayin dajin da aka Sanarwa a Delhi), Sashen gandun daji, Gwamnatin Babban Babban Birnin Delhi, Indiya
* Kamfanonin Yawon shakatawa, Sashen Yawon shakatawa, Gwamnatin Babban Birnin Kasar Delhi, Indiya
* Ma'aikatar Ban ruwa & Ruwa, Gwamnatin Babban Birnin Delhi, Indiya
* Shuka / Greening na Delhi, Ma'aikatar Muhalli, Gwamnatin NCT na Delhi, Indiya
* Taken facebook: Delhi - Rahoton Kallon Bird Najafgarh Najafgarh
* facebook: Jerin sunayen Tsuntsaye na Yankin Najafgarh Jheel - Ciki har da wuraren da ke kusa da Dhansa Barrage da Najafgarh Drain a Delhi, na Sajit P. Mohanan
* Neman: Najafgarh magudanar ruwa akan rukunin Google "delhibirdpix"
* Tattaunawa: !!!  300 SqKm &#x5B; sic &#x5D; na tafkin kusa da Gurgaon !!!  Abin Mamaki Gabaɗaya  - Dandalin Gidajen Indiya
* Juyawa: Haryana zai bayyana tafkin Najafgarh a matsayin mai dausayi, TNN, Times of India, 7 Janairu 2017