Makarantar Muhalli, Jami'ar Toronto

**Makarantar Muhalli** a Jami'ar Toronto wani sashe ne na musamman na sashen da ke aiki a fannoni daban-daban (EDU) wanda ke aiki a matsayin cibiyar nazarin muhalli, dorewa da sauyin yanayi, yana ba da shirye-shiryen digiri na farko da na digiri na biyu, tare da shirye-shiryen haɗin gwiwa tare da sassan ladabtarwa da yawa a faɗin Jami'ar.

A cewar Mujallar Maclean, Makarantar tana matsayi na biyu a shirye-shiryen kimiyyar muhalli a Kanada.  Binciken Makarantar ya mayar da hankali kan wayar da kan jama'a kan batutuwan muhalli daban-daban, yana magance tambayoyi game da yadda za a haɗa ilimin kimiyya da ilimin gida, na al'umma, da na 'yan asalin ƙasar don magance matsalolin muhalli na duniya kamar Sauyin Yanayi .  Makarantar kuma gida ce ga ƙungiyoyin ɗalibai masu fafutuka da yawa waɗanda ke fafutukar kare muhalli. 

## Tarihi
Makarantar Muhalli ta yanzu tana bin diddigin tarihinta zuwa cibiyoyi uku a Jami'ar Toronto. A shekarar 1959, Farfesa George Burwash Langford ne ya kafa Cibiyar Manyan Tafkuna don yin nazarin tasirin gurɓataccen yanayi a Manyan Tafkuna,  kuma masanin ilimin ƙasa Roger E. Deane ya yi aiki a matsayin darektanta na farko.  A shekarar 1971, a ƙarƙashin jagorancin masanin kimiyyar lissafi Don Misener, wannan ya zama Cibiyar Nazarin Muhalli,  kuma ya ba da shirye-shiryen digiri na farko na Jami'ar a nazarin muhalli.  Shekaru da yawa, Cibiyar tana gudanar da tashar filin wasa a Baie Du Doré a bakin Tafkin Huron, da kuma wani jirgin bincike, HCMS Porte Dauphine . Da kansa, Kwalejin Innis ta kafa shirin Nazarin Muhalli na farko a shekarar 1978, tare da darussan da masu fafutukar kare muhalli kamar Shugaban NDP Jack Layton da Kwamishinan Muhalli na farko na Ontario, Eva Ligeti suka koyar. An kafa sashe na uku, Sashen Muhalli na dalibi na farko a shekarar 1991 ta hanyar Faculty of Arts and Science, don gudanar da shirye-shiryen digiri a nazarin muhalli.

A shekara ta 2005, an haɗa dukkan sassa uku don kafa Cibiyar Muhalli (CfE), a ƙarƙashin jagorancin masanin falsafar muhalli Farfesa Ingrid Stefanovic. Daga nan aka sake wa Cibiyar suna zuwa Makarantar Muhalli a shekara ta 2012.  Daraktan farko na Makarantar shine masanin kimiyyar yanayi, Farfesa Kim Strong .  . A shekara ta 2024, Makarantar ta zama cibiyar ilimi guda ɗaya tilo a Arewacin Amurka da ta sadaukar da kanta ga rabuwar mai da iskar gas  .

## Malamai

### Shirye-shiryen digiri na farko
Makarantar tana bayar da manyan shirye-shirye da ƙananan shirye-shirye a fannin Nazarin Muhalli da Kimiyyar Muhalli,  da kuma shirye-shiryen ƙananan shirye-shirye daban-daban na fannoni daban-daban da za a ɗauka tare da sauran fannoni a Faculty of Arts and Science . Hakanan tana ba da Takaddun Shaidar Dorewa. 

### Shirye-shiryen digiri na biyu
Makarantar tana ba da shirye-shirye guda biyu na haɗin gwiwa, a Nazarin Muhalli da kuma a Muhalli da Lafiya. Waɗanda suka kammala karatun digiri za su iya ɗaukar waɗannan a kowane shiri a Jami'ar Toronto. A cikin 2021, Makarantar ta ƙaddamar da digiri na biyu na digiri na biyu wanda ya dogara da digiri na biyu na Muhalli da Dorewa na tsawon watanni 12. 

### Malaman Makaranta
Malamai 26 na Makarantar galibi suna da alƙawarin haɗin gwiwa tare da sassa daban-daban na ladabtarwa a Jami'ar Toronto, waɗanda suka haɗa da kimiyyar jiki, kimiyyar zamantakewa, da kuma ilimin ɗan adam.  Makarantar tana da malamai 141 da suka kammala karatun digiri waɗanda ke da alƙawari a wasu sassan, kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga koyarwa a shirye-shiryen digiri na Makarantar.

Manyan malamai sun haɗa da:

* Lu'u-lu'u Miriam
* Steve M. Easterbrook
* M. Murphy
* Dianne Saxe
* Kim Strong

### Bincike
Bincike a Makarantar ya ƙunshi fannoni daban-daban, ciki har da amfani da harabar Jami'ar a matsayin dakin gwaje-gwajen rayuwa don dorewa, manufofin  da ake buƙata don magance sauyin yanayi,  nazarin gubar da ke ci gaba da wanzuwa a cikin muhalli da tasirinsu ga lafiyar ɗan adam,  da kuma rawar da keke ke takawa a manufofin sufuri na birane. 

## Cibiyoyi masu alaƙa

### Sashen Muhalli

* Sashen Nazarin Yanayin Ƙasa, Ilimin Ƙasa da Muhalli (Mississauga)
* Sashen Kimiyyar Jiki da Muhalli (Scarborough)

## Manazarta