Tarihin Green Party na Kanada

An kafa Jam'iyyar Green Party ta Kanada a wani taro da aka gudanar a Jami'ar Carleton da ke Ottawa a shekarar 1983.

## shekarun 1970
A shekarun 1970, Trevor Hancock, wanda aka haifa a Birtaniya, yana zaune a Kanada kuma "yana neman wani abu da ke yaɗuwa a faɗin Turai amma da alama bai isa Kanada ba tukuna: Jam'iyyar siyasa ta muhalli."  A shekarar 1979 ya buga wani labari mai taken *jam'iyyar siyasa ta Tomorrow*,  kuma "ba da daɗewa ba, Hancock ya sami lambobin wayar 'yan Kanada da dama da ke sha'awar ci gaban muhalli ta hanyar siyasa."  Saboda haka, "Jam'iyyar Green ta tarayya ta fara... da takarda a cikin mujalla da littafin adireshi cike da lambobin waya." 

## Shekarun 1980 da 1990

### Kafawa
A watan Yunin 1983, Paul George, Ted Mousseau, William Marshall, Ed McDonough da Seymour Trieger sun yi rijistar Jam'iyyar Green Party of Canada . Nan da nan bayan haka, Betty Nickerson ta sami damar tsayawa takara a matsayin 'yar takarar Green Party of Canada a zaben maye gurbin da aka yi a gundumar tarayya ta British Columbia - Port Moody . Jam'iyyar ba ta sami matsayi a hukumance a wannan lokacin ba, don haka sunan jam'iyyar bai bayyana a kan kuri'ar ba, kodayake ya bayyana a duk sakonnin Nickerson.

A kaka ta 1983, a Jami'ar Carleton, Ontario, babban taron farko na 'yan Greens na Kanada ya zaɓi sabbin shugabannin jam'iyya.  Trevor Hancock shine shugaban jam'iyyar na farko da aka yi rijista. Kusan mutane 200 daga al'ummomi 55 ne suka halarta, daga kowace lardi banda Newfoundland da Labrador da kuma Prince Edward Island .

Tsarin haihuwa ya kasance mai wahala, tare da rarrabuwar kawuna tsakanin waɗanda ke jayayya kan tsarin ƙasa, da kuma waɗanda ke goyon bayan tsarin da zai gina daga yankuna bayan tsarin dimokuraɗiyya na yankuna . Membobin jam'iyya sun zaɓi tsarin jam'iyya mai rarrabuwar kawuna, kuma tsawon shekaru da yawa wani nau'in rashin jituwa na kore ya mamaye. Daga ƙarshe, an cimma yarjejeniya mai wahala ga ƙungiyar jam'iyyun yankuna, tare da goyon baya mai ƙarfi don ginawa daga ƙasa. Tambayar ta taso: "Shin fifiko ne a sake fasalta siyasa daga tushe, ko kuma a yi wasan zaɓe bisa ga ƙa'idodin yanzu? Ko duka biyun?" Membobi da yawa sun ga jam'iyyar a matsayin hanyar nuna rashin amincewa da tsarin siyasar Kanada, kuma ba fiye da haka ba:

### Zaɓen 1984
Jam'iyyar ta yi takara sau 60 a zaben tarayya na Kanada na 1984.   Kimanin 'yan Kanada 27,000 ne suka kaɗa ƙuri'a ga Green (0.2% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa). Amma tattaunawa da ake ci gaba da yi game da *tsarin tafiyar da* jam'iyyar ta yi ya zama abin gajiya har, a wani lokaci a tsakiyar shekarun 1980, an kusa rugujewar jam'iyyar. Ta tsira - kodayake ba ta da wani tasiri sosai - na kusan shekaru goma a ƙarƙashin jagorancin BC Greens .

### Zaɓen 1988 da abubuwan da suka biyo baya
A zaɓen tarayya na 1988, Greens ta mayar da hankali kan Quebec, inda *le Parti Vert* (ba iri ɗaya da na yanzu na Parti Vert du Québec ) ya yi takara da 'yan takara 29, sama da 4 kacal a zaɓen da ya gabata. *Les Verts* ta sami sakamako mafi girma fiye da 'yan takarar Green a ko'ina cikin Kanada, inda ta sami matsakaicin kashi 2.4% na ƙuri'un. Reshen Quebec ya ɗauki nauyin taron Canadian Greens na 1990 a Montreal. Amma jim kaɗan bayan haka, matsalolin kundin tsarin mulki na Kanada sun shiga tsakani, kuma 'yan takarar Quebec da yawa sun yi watsi da Greens don goyon bayan jam'iyyar Quebec mai mulkin mallaka, Bloc Québécois . 'Yan takara shida kacal na Green ne daga Quebec a zaɓen 1993 .

A lokacin bazara na 1988, ƙungiyar BC Greens, ƙarƙashin jagorancin *mai fafutukar* kawo sauyi a zaɓe Steve Kisby, ta yi ƙoƙarin jawo Jam'iyyar Green Party of Canada ta hau kan turba ta hanyar shirya wani taro - taron tarayya na farko tun bayan taron kafa ta a 1983. Babban nasarar da aka samu a wannan taron shine amincewa da kundin tsarin mulki, bayan shekaru biyar a matsayin jam'iyya mai rijista. Jam'iyyar ta ci gaba da gabatar da 'yan takara a matakin tarayya, kuma an shirya jam'iyyun larduna a wasu larduna, waɗanda aka ci gaba da jagorantarsu a British Columbia.

A shekarar 1988, duk da ƙarancin ƙungiyoyin da ake da su a ƙasa, Quebec ta samar da mafi yawan 'yan takarar Green da ƙuri'u godiya ga ƙoƙarin mai shirya Quebec kuma ɗan takara Rolf Bramann. Shekara guda bayan haka, Greens na lardin Quebec sun sami kashi 2% na yawan ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa, wanda ya kai matsakaicin kashi 5% a mazabun da suka tsaya a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Jean Ouimet . Jam'iyyar Ecology ta birnin Montreal ta kuma samu nasara sosai a zaɓen da aka yi a wannan lokacin ƙarƙashin jagorancin mawallafi Dimitrios Roussopoulos .

Ouimet, wanda yake da ƙarfin ikon mallakar ƙasa, ya ci gaba da kasancewa mai zaman kansa gaba ɗaya daga jam'iyyar Greens ta tarayya a lokacin shugabancinsa; sakamakon haka Bramann ya ƙirƙiri wata ƙungiya mai suna Green Party of Canada a Quebec, wata ƙungiya da galibi 'yan Ingilishi ke amfani da ita wadda ke zaɓar 'yan takarar tarayya kawai. Akwai ƙiyayya a fili tsakanin Ouimet da Bramann. Babu ɗayansu da ke da alaƙa da Écologie-Montreal.

A daidai lokacin da jam'iyyar Parti Vert ta fara rugujewa saboda ficewar Ouimet zuwa PQ a shekarar 1992, an cire Bramann daga mukaminsa a jam'iyyar tarayya saboda kalaman kin jinin Yahudawa da shi da wasu 'yan takararsa suka yi. Wannan ya haifar da raguwar dukkan kungiyoyin jam'iyyar Green Party a Quebec duk da cewa an fara samun nasara sosai shekaru hudu da suka gabata.

Tun daga shekarar 1988, wani tsari ya samo asali inda jam'iyyar tarayya ke aiki a madadin jam'iyyun BC da Ontario. Rashin isasshen kuɗi da kuma tushen gudanarwa na kanta, ikon mallakar jam'iyyar Greens ta tarayya wani lokacin kyauta ce (lokacin da jam'iyyar lardi da shugabanta ke son nuna nasararta), kuma a wasu lokutan, nauyi ne (lokacin da aka tilasta wa jam'iyyar lardi ta saka hannun jari mai yawa na makamashi ko kuɗi don kula da ita) ga jam'iyyar Greens a BC da Ontario. 'Yan takarar da suka yi nasara a matsayin Shugaba da Babban Jami'in Kuɗi galibi abokan hulɗa ne na ko *dai* shugaban jam'iyyar BC ko *na* Ontario, wanda shugaban ya tattara jama'a ya kuma ba da ƙuri'u.

### 2020 zuwa 2021
'Yan takara goma ne suka fafata a zaben shugabancin jam'iyyar Green Party of Canada na 2020 don maye gurbin Elizabeth May.  A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, 2020, aka ayyana lauyar Toronto Annamie Paul a matsayin wacce ta yi nasara. Ta doke Dimitri Lascasris, lauya mai ra'ayin mazan jiya a Montreal wacce ke takarar a matsayin mai ra'ayin gurguzu, da kuri'u 2,009 ( maki 9 cikin 100) a ƙidayar ƙuri'un ƙarshe.  Annamie Paul ta zama bakar fata 'yar Kanada kuma mace ta farko Bayahudiya da aka zaɓa a matsayin shugabar wata babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Kanada. 

### Zaɓen 2021 da abubuwan da za su biyo baya
A zaɓen tarayya na 2021, Mike Morrice, Kitchener Centre ta zama 'yar majalisar Green ta farko da aka zaɓa a Ontario, kuma ta biyu a majalisar Green a wajen British Columbia. A lokaci guda, Paul Manly ya rasa kujerarsa a Nanaimo—Ladysmith, kuma kaso da jimillar masu zaɓen da jam'iyyar ta ƙara a cikin shekaru 12 sun ragu.   Mako guda bayan zaɓen, Paul ta sanar da niyyarta ta fara aikin yin murabus daga kan mulki. 

A ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 2021, mambobin Green sun sami takardar zaɓen sake duba shugabanci game da ci gaba da matsayin Paul a matsayin shugaba duk da niyyarta ta baya ta yin murabus, wanda hakan zai sa a soke zaɓen.   Tsawon lokacin da Paul ya ɗauka yana kan mulki ya faru ne sakamakon ci gaba da rikicin shari'a tsakanin Paul da shugabancin jam'iyyar Green, inda Paul ke tattaunawa kan diyya kan kuɗaɗen shari'a da aka biya sakamakon sulhu bayan wani yunƙuri na baya na cire Paul a matsayin shugaba.   Paul ya yi murabus a hukumance a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 2021, yayin da ake ci gaba da kada kuri'a a cikin bitar.  Murabus ɗinta ya fara aiki a ranar 14 ga Nuwamba, 2021, bayan da majalisar tarayya ta jam'iyyar ta amince da shi. 

A ranar 24 ga Nuwamba, 2021, an naɗa Amita Kuttner shugabar riƙo.   An naɗa Kuttner yana da shekaru 30, kuma shi ne mutum mafi ƙanƙanta da ya jagoranci wata jam'iyyar siyasa ta tarayya, haka kuma mutum na farko da ya yi canjin jinsi kuma mutumin da ya fito daga yankin Gabashin Asiya . 

## Elizabeth May da Jonathan Pedneault
A ranar 19 ga Nuwamba, 2022, an sake zaɓen Elizabeth May a matsayin shugabar jam'iyyar, kuma ta yi alƙawarin mayar da tsarin shugabanci na yanzu zuwa tsarin jagoranci na haɗin gwiwa, inda Jonathan Pedneault ya zama shugabanta na haɗin gwiwa.  May ta yi takara da Pedneault a takarar shugabanci, kuma Pedneault ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a matsayin mataimakin shugaban jam'iyyar. Bayan murabus ɗinsa a 2024, Pedneault ta dawo a matsayin shugaba na haɗin gwiwa a 2025 bayan amincewar 'yan jam'iyyar Green. A ranar 19 ga Agusta, May ta sanar da niyyarta ta yin murabus a matsayin shugabar jam'iyyar. 

## Warewa daga muhawara
A zaɓen 2004, ƙungiyar gidajen talabijin na Kanada ba ta gayyaci Jim Harris zuwa muhawarar shugabannin da aka watsa ta talabijin ba. Babban dalilin da aka bayar shine rashin wakilcin jam'iyyar a Majalisar Wakilai. Akwai wasu shari'o'i da ba su yi nasara ba da jam'iyyar ta shigar, da kuma ƙarar da magoya bayanta suka shigar na a haɗa da ita, da kuma maganganun waɗanda ba magoya baya ba kamar Ed Broadbent waɗanda suka yi imanin ya kamata a haɗa ta. Jam'iyyar Green kuma ba ta shiga cikin muhawarar shugabannin game da zaɓen 2006 ba.  An bayar da irin wannan dalili. 

A ranar 8 ga Satumba, 2008, ƙungiyar ta sanar da cewa za ta sake cire 'yan Greens daga muhawarar Faransa da Ingila don zaɓen 2008. Jam'iyyar ta sami kujera a Majalisar a wannan lokacin (Blair Wilson), inda ta cika sharuɗɗan da aka yi amfani da su a duk muhawarar da ta gabata tun daga aƙalla 1993. Duk da cewa ba *a zaɓi* Wilson a matsayin ɗan majalisar Green ba, kuma bai ma zauna a Majalisar a matsayin ɗaya ba, yanayin ya yi daidai da na Bloc Québécois a 1993. An zaɓi dukkan membobin Bloc a matsayin 'yan Conservative ko Liberal ko kuma, a shari'ar Gilles Duceppe, a matsayin mai zaman kanta, kafin ƙungiyar ta yi rijista a hukumance a matsayin jam'iyyar siyasa. Duk da haka, an haɗa Bloc a cikin muhawarar 1993.

## Manazarta