Alon Tal

**Alon Tal** (Ibraniyawa; an haife shi 12 ga Yulin 1960) ɗan siyasan Isra'ila ne, masanin kimiyya kuma mai kula da muhalli. Ya kasance memba na Knesset na 24 tsakanin 2021 da 2022, wanda ke wakiltar jam'iyyar siyasa ta Blue da White; wanda ya kafa kungiyar Isra'ila don Tsaro ta Muhalli  da Cibiyar Arava don Nazarin Muhalli;  kuma wanda ya kafa Ecopeace: Abokai na Duniya-Middle East,  Wannan Duniya ce,  Cibiyar Isra'ila ta Demography, Muhalli da Al'umma, Aytzim: [4] da Green Movement. An nada Tal a matsayin shugaban Sashen Manufofin Jama'a a Jami'ar Tel Aviv a shekarar 2017.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Tal a ranar 12 ga Yuli, 1960, kuma ya girma a Raleigh, North Carolina, a matsayin Albert Rosenthal .  Ya kasance mai aiki a cikin ƙungiyar matasa ta Young Judaea, ya yi aiki a cikin kwamitin zartarwa na ƙasa, kuma ya shiga cikin shirin Isra'ila a 1977. Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill a shekarar 1980, ya koma Isra'ila kuma ya shiga cikin Sojojin Isra'ila. Ya canza sunansa zuwa Alon Tal bayan ya yi Aliyah zuwa Isra'ila kuma ya zama ɗan ƙasar Isra'ila. Ya yi aiki a cikin ƙungiyar Nahal kuma ya ga aiki a cikin Yaƙin Lebanon na farko na 1982. Bayan an sallame shi, Tal ya halarci Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Ibrananci a Urushalima .  A lokacin da yake makarantar shari'a, Tal ya buga saxophone da fiddle a cikin sanannen rukuni na dutsen Urushalima, Liquid Plummer . A shekara ta 1983 ya fara aiki a matsayin mai horar da shari'a a Ma'aikatar Kare Muhalli ta Isra'ila (wani ɓangare na Ma'aikatu ta Cikin Gida) kuma daga baya ya zama magatakarda a ofishin Babban Lauyan Isra'ila, Yitzhak Zamir .  A shekara ta 1986, Tal ya koma Amurka kuma ya shiga Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Harvard, inda ya yi karatun Kimiyya ta Muhalli da Manufofin Jama'a. Rubutun digirinsa na digiri, wanda Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka ta tallafawa, ya bincika dabarun jihohi don sarrafa gurɓataccen tushe aikin gona.

## Ayyukan muhalli
Tal ya koma Isra'ila a 1989 kuma ya zauna a Kibbutz Ketura tare da matarsa Robyn .  A cikin 1990, ya kafa Adam Teva V'din, Ƙungiyar Isra'ila don Tsaro na Muhalli, ɗaya daga cikin manyan kungiyoyin bayar da shawarwari na Isra'ila. A wannan matsayin, ya fara nasarar aiwatar da shari'a don magance haɗarin muhalli (alal misali, zubar da datti ba bisa ka'ida ba da gurɓataccen iska da ruwa), ya kai karar gwamnati akai-akai don rashin isasshen aiwatar da dokar muhalli, kuma ya ba da wakilcin shari'a kyauta ga kungiyoyin muhalli da yawa. A cikin 1995, kungiyar ta gabatar da takarda da aka yada sosai - amma a ƙarshe ba ta yi nasara ba - ga Kotun Koli don hana gina Hanyar Hanyar 6.

A shekara ta 1996, Tal ya kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Muhalli ta Arava a Kibbutz Ketura, wani shirin ilimi na ci gaba wanda ke tattara Isra'ilawa, Palasdinawa, Jordanians da ɗaliban duniya. A shekara ta 1999, an zabe shi shugaban Life and Environment, kungiyar laima ta kungiyoyin muhalli na Isra'ila, wanda ya karu daga kungiyoyin mambobi 24 zuwa 80 a lokacin mulkinsa na shekaru biyar.

A shekara ta 2001, Tal ya kafa kungiyar Green Zionist Alliance: Grassroots Campaign for a Sustainable Israel, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta ta New York wacce daga baya za ta zama Aytzim: Ecological Judaism . Tun daga wannan lokacin, Tal ya yi aiki a matsayin daya daga cikin wakilan Isra'ila na Green Zionist Alliance.

Tsakanin shekara ta 2004 zuwa 2015 Tal ya yi aiki a kwamitin kasa da kasa na Asusun Kasa na Yahudawa (JNF), hukumar kula da gandun daji da kuma farfado da ƙasa ta Isra'ila, a matsayin zaɓaɓɓen wakilin Green Zionist Alliance, tare da haɗin gwiwar Conservative Movement .  An nada shi shugaban kwamitin JNF na dorewa, wanda a cikin 2005 ya tsara sabbin manufofi don gandun daji, tafkuna da shirin sabunta rafi. A shekara ta 2006, an nada Tal a matsayin shugaban kwamitin ci gaban ƙasa, wanda ke kula da aikin gandun daji da gyaran ƙasa na JNF. Da yake ba da shawarar sabon ajanda mai ɗorewa ga kungiyar, ya inganta, ya faɗaɗa kudade don gandun daji mai ɗorewar, hanyoyin keke da bincike. A cikin 2014 ya ƙaddamar da wani shiri don ba da fifiko ga tallafin kuɗi na JNF ga ayyukan muhalli a cikin al'ummomin Larabawa na Isra'ila.

A cikin shekara ta 2007, Tal da Mohammad Said Al-Hmaida, tsohon darektan Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Palasdinawa, sun shirya "yarjejeniyar inuwa" don sasantawa ta ƙarshe tsakanin Isra'ila da Palasdinawa, wanda ya ba da hangen nesa na hadin kai da daidaitaccen gudanarwa. Tal kuma ya taimaka wajen hada masana ruwa 15 na Isra'ila da 15 na Palasdinawa don yin la'akari da takamaiman yankuna na yarjejeniya da rashin jituwa a cikin kula da ruwa na yanki, wanda aka buga a cikin littafin 2010 Water Wisdom . 

Tal ya lashe Kyautar Charles Bronfman don jagorancin matasa na jin kai a shekara ta 2006, kuma ya yi amfani da kyautar don kafa Asusun Tal, wanda ke tallafawa gwagwarmayar kare muhalli ta Isra'ila. Tal ta sami lambar yabo ta Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Isra'ila a matsayin mai shekaru 48, don girmama bikin cika shekaru 60 na Isra'ila. 

A shekara ta 2015, ya shiga Farfesa Uri Shanas a matsayin daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa shirin "Wannan shine Duniya ta - TIME"  wani yunkuri na kasa da kasa na sayen bambancin halittu "hot spots" a matsayin wuraren kiyayewa ta hanyar samar da jama'a.

Tal ya ci gaba da aiki a cikin shirye-shiryen kare muhalli da yawa, gami da shirye-shirye na dokar kare halittu da aka tsara da kuma shiga cikin shari'ar jama'a. Ya kasance mai shigar da kara a cikin nasarar da aka samu, a shekarar 2014 bayan da aka zubar da man fetur a cikin ajiyar yanayi na Ein Evrona na Isra'ila, wanda ya nemi rufe lalacewar da aka haifar da sakaci daga Kamfanin Eilat Ashkelon Pipeline Company. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2018, tare da abokan aiki a cikin ilimi da lauya Tzvi Levinson, Tal ya gabatar da wani mataki na aji game da gurɓata masana'antun sinadarai da ke kan filin Rotem, bisa ga gurɓataccen ruwan da ke ƙasa da kuma gurɓatawar rafin Boqeq a yankin Tekun Gishiri. A lokacin, ita ce mafi girman lalacewar da aka taba nema a cikin aikin farar hula na muhalli na Isra'ila.

## Alkawarin ilimi
Tal ya koyar a Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Tel Aviv daga 1990 har zuwa 2004. A shekara ta 2005 ya shiga bangaren koyarwa na Cibiyar Bincike ta Desert a Jami'ar Ben Gurion . Binciken nasa ya mayar da hankali kan manufofin ruwa, saka idanu kan ingancin ruwan kogin da ke kan iyaka, kimanta shirin tilasta muhalli na gwamnatin Isra'ila, kimanta shirye-shiryen ilimin muhalli, manufofin gandun daji, binciken yunkurin muhalli da kimantawa da dama daga cikin tarihin muhalli. Ya kasance farfesa mai ziyara ko kuma yana da alaƙa da jami'o'i da yawa ciki har da Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Harvard (1989-1997); Jami'ar Otago Law School (1998, 2003, 2008, 2016); Cibiyar Jami'ar Stanford don Kula da Biology (2011, 2013-14); Jami'an Jihar Michigan (2015-2025) da Jami'ar Renmin ta China (2015). A cikin 2017, Tal ya koma Jami'ar Tel Aviv don ɗaukar matsayin Shugaban Sashen Manufofin Jama'a. Bayan ya bar Knesset, a cikin 2023 ya karɓi alƙawari a matsayin farfesa mai ziyara a makarantar Kasuwancin Jami'ar Stanford inda ya ci gaba da koyar da manufofin yanayi kuma ya kasance ɗan Isra'ila a Cibiyar Nazarin Duniya ta Freeman Spogli (2024, 2025).

## Manazarta