open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Gundumar Karkara ta Bukoba

*Gundumar Karkara ta Bukobayana* daya daga cikin gundumomi takwas na yankin Kagera na Tanzaniya.&amp;nbsp; Tana iyaka da arewa da gundumar Missenyi, daga gabas da tafkin Victoria da gundumar Bukoba, a kudu da gundumar Muleba sannan daga yamma da gundumar Karagwe.&amp;nbsp; Wurin gudanar da mulki shine garin Bukoba.a .

A ƙididdigar Ƙasar Tanzania ta 2012, yawan mutanen Gundumar Bukoba ya kai 289,697, daga 394,020 a shekara ta 2002, da 340,800 a shekara ta 1988.  Yankin gundumar yana da  kilomita 1,654 (639 sq , tare da yawan jama'a na 'i kilomita 175.2 (67.6 sq   Akwai unguwanni 29, ƙauyuka 94, da unguwanni 515 a cikin gundumar. 

## Sufuri
Hanyar T4 da aka shimfiɗa daga Mwanza zuwa iyakar Uganda ta ratsa Gundumar Karkara ta Bukoba . 

## Rukunin gudanarwa
Ya zuwa shekara ta 2012, An raba wannan gundumar karkara zuwa unguwanni 29.
Vladimir Osechkin

**Vladimir Valeryevich Osechkin** (Russian; an haife shi a ranar 14 ga watan Yunin 1981, Samara) ɗan ƙasar Rasha ne mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam wanda ke gudanar da shafin yanar gizon yaki da cin hanci da rashawa Gulagu.net daga Paris, garin da ya tsere a shekarar 2015.

## Manazarta
A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2021 an sanya Osechkin a cikin jerin sunayen da gwamnatin Rasha ke nema bayan da ya ɓoye babban tarihin takardu, hotuna da bidiyo tare da daruruwan shari'o'in fyade da azabtar da fursunoni a cikin kurkuku na Rasha da jami'an kurkuku suka jagoranta. Arshen bayanan ya tattaru ne daga mai fallasa bayanai Sergei Saveliev . Osechkin ma ya yi amfani da wasu majiyoyi daban-daban a gidajen yari na Rasha da kuma hukumar FSB. A sakamakon ayyukan Osechkin, an kori ma'aikatan gidan yarin yankin Saratov 18 kuma an fara shari'o'i biyar bayan bita na ciki.

A watan Agusta 2022, Osechkin ya bukaci tsohon soja kuma mai adawa da gwamnati, Pavel Filatyev, da ya tsere daga Rasha tare da taimakon Gulagu.net, wanda Filatyev ya yi a ranar 13 ga Agusta 2022. Daga baya, Osechkin ya sanar da cewa Gulagu.net za ta dakatar da shirinta na taimakawa sojojin adawa su tsere daga Rasha, sakamakon amincewar Pavel Filatyev da ya boye bayani game da kisan mutanen Ukraine, da kuma kin cika alkawarinsa na aika kudin da zai samu daga rubuta tarihin yakin da ya shiga zuwa asusun tallafawa 'yan Ukraine.

## References
Ƙungiyar Abolition ta Pennsylvania

The Society for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage ita ce kungiyar abolition ta farko ta Amurka. An kafa shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 1775, a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, kuma ya gudanar da tarurruka

An sake tsara shi a cikin shekara ta 1784  a matsayin Pennsylvania Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery da kuma Relief of Free Negroes Unlawly Held in Bondage,  (wanda aka fi sani da Pennsylvania Abolition Society) kuma an haɗa shi a cikin 1789.

A wani lokaci bayan 1785, an zabi Benjamin Franklin a matsayin shugaban kungiyar. Al'umma ta nemi ya kawo batun bautar zuwa Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Mulki ta 1787. Ya yi kira ga Majalisa ta Amurka a cikin 1790 don hana bautar.
## Manazarta
Yankin Kigoma

**Yankin Kigoma** (*Mkoa wa Kigoma* a Swahili) yana ɗaya daga cikin yankuna 31 na Tanzania, tare da birnin Kigoma a matsayin babban birnin yankin. Yankin Kigoma yana da iyaka da Yankin Kagera, Yankin Geita, Yankin Katavi, Yankin Tabora, DRC da Burundi Dangane da ƙididdigar ƙasa ta 2012, yankin yana da yawan mutane 2,127,930, wanda ya fi ƙididdigat na 1,971,332.  : shafi na 2 A shekara ta 2002-2012, matsakaicin yawan jama'a na shekara-shekara na yankin ya kasance na goma sha huɗu mafi girma a kasar. : shafi na 4 Har ila yau, yanki ne na goma sha shida mafi yawan jama'a tare da mutane 57 a kowace  kilomita. : shafi na 6 Tare da girman  kilomita 45,066 (17,400 sq ,  yankin ya ɗan ƙarami ne fiye da Estonia (45,227 murabba'i kilomita (17,462 sq mi)).

## Yanayin ƙasa

Yankin Kigoma yana zaune a kusurwar arewa maso yammacin Tanzania, a gabashin Tekun Tanganyika . Yankin yana kusa da 5 ° kudu da 30 ° gabashin Greenwich kuma yana da iyaka zuwa arewa ta Burundi da Yankin Kagera. A gabas, yana da iyaka da Yankin Geita da Yankunan Tabora, a kudu da Yankin Katavi, kuma a yamma da Tafkin Tanganyika, wanda ya zama iyaka da Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo.

Jimlar yankin yana da  kilomita 45,066 (17,400 sq ,  daga cikinsu murabba'i kilomita 37,037 (14,300 sq  ƙasa ne kuma  kilomita 8,029 (3,100 sq  ruwa ne. Jimlar yankin yana da  kilomita 161 (62 sq  ƙasa da na Estonia. Ya zuwa 1998, kimanin  kilomita 20,000 (7,700 sq  yana cikin gandun daji kuma 'i kilomita 12,000 (4,600 sq  ya dace da kiwo ko noma.

Yankin Kigoma yana kan tudu wanda ke gangara daga arewa maso gabas a kusan mita 1,750 (5,740  har zuwa mita 800 (2,600  a bakin tafkin Tanganyika .  Yanayin da ke arewa da gabas tsaunuka ne masu juyawa a hankali waɗanda sannu a hankali suka zama masu tsayi yayin da suke kusanci da gefen Albertine Rift. Kogin da ya fi muhimmanci shi ne Malagarasi, tare da Luiche da Ruchugi su ne sauran manyan koguna biyu da ke zubar da yankin.

## Tarihi

A Afirka kafin mulkin mallaka yankin ya kasance tushen hauren hauren giwa da bayi.[Tabora da Ujiji yankunan Larabawa ne na jigilar kaya zuwa bakin teku.  Hasali ma, Stanley ya gana da Livingstone a Ujiji a gabar tafkin Tanganyika a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 1871. A zamanin mulkin mallaka, yankin Kigoma ana kiransa yankin Yamma kuma babban birnin kasar Tabora..

## Rarrabawar gudanarwa

### Gundumomi
Yankin Kigoma ya kasu kashi shida, kowannensu ana gudanar da shi ta hanyar majalisa sai dai Kigoma da Kasulu waɗanda ke gudanar da majalisa biyu kowannensu. :

Yankin Kigoma yana da yawan jama'a 2,127,930.

Al'ummar Ha ita ce mafi girma a kabila da ke zaune a nan, tare da sauran manyan al'umma sun hada da Wabembe, Wamanyema, Watongwe da Wavinza, Sukuma da Haya.  Kimanin 'yan gudun hijira 150,000 daga Burundi da kusan wasu 'yan gudun hijira 80,000 daga Jamhuriyar Dimokaradiyyar Kwango suna zaune a sansanonin 'yan gudun hijira uku a yankin Kigoma, masu suna Nyarugusu, Mtendeli da Nduta.

## Shahararrun mutane daga yankin Kigoma

* Godfrey Mwakikagile, marubuci
* Ali Kiba, mawaƙi
Tawayen bayi da juriya a Amurka

Tawayen bayi da juriya sun kasance hanyar adawa da tsarin bautar kaya a Amurka. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa da yawancin bayi za su yi tawaye a bayyane ko kuma su yi tsayayya da hankali saboda tsarin zalunci na bautar.[1] A cewar Herbert Aptheker, "akwai matakai kalilan na rayuwar Kudancin da tarihi na baya-bayan yaƙi waɗanda ba su da wata hanyar da tsoro na, ko kuma ainihin barkewar, aikin bawa mai rikitarwa. " Tawayen bayi a Amurka sun kasance ƙananan kuma sun bazu idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ke cikin sauran tattalin arzikin bayi a wani bangare saboda "yanayin da suka nuna ma'aunin iko da bayi na kudanci - yawan su ya tilasta wa sauran 'yancin haka' yancin su, kamar yadda ake iya zama su ke fuskantar su 5"
## Manazarta
Meaza Mohammed

Meaza Mohammed ƴar jaridar Habasha ce kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam. An ba ta lambar yabo ta Mata ta Duniya ta Gaba gaisuwa a shekarar 2023.

## Manazarta
Sauyin yanayi na Romania

yanayi Romania na nahiyar ne, yana canzawa zuwa yanayin zafi mai zafi (sau da yawa "mai zafi na teku" ko "Pontic") a gabar gabas, wanda ya rinjayi intrusions na polar, sabili da haka ana nuna shi da matsanancin hunturu. Duwatsun tsaunuka na Carpathian suna da yanayin tsaunuka mai sanyi tare da zafi mai yawa a ko'ina cikin shekara.

Ruwan sama, ko da yake isasshe a duk faɗin ƙasar, yana raguwa daga yamma zuwa gabas kuma daga tsaunuka zuwa filayen.  Wasu wuraren tsaunuka suna samun sama da 1,010 mm (39.8 in) na hazo kowace shekara.  Matsakaicin hazo na shekara-shekara kusan 635 mm (25 in) a tsakiyar Transylvania, 521 mm (20.5 in) a Iaşi a Moldavia, kuma kawai 381 mm (15 in) a Constanţa a kan Bahar Maliya

Lokacin bazara a cikin ƙasa gabaɗaya yana da zafi sosai, kuma yanayin zafi sama da 35 °C (95 °F) ba a san shi ba a ƙananan yankuna na ƙasar.  Matsakaicin lokacin dare a cikin Bucharest da sauran wuraren kwance suna kusa da 16 °C (60.8 °F), amma a mafi tsayi duka biyun maxima da minima suna raguwa sosai.

A cikin watanni mafi sanyi na hunturu (Disamba da Janairu) yanayin zafi yana tsakanin 3 ̊C da -15 ̊C. A lokacin hunturu, sararin samaniya sau da yawa yana da hazo kuma dusar ƙanƙara ta zama ruwan dare. A cikin filayen Romania akwai kimanin kwanaki talatin tare da dusar ƙanƙara a kowace shekara. 

## Rubuce-rubuce
Matsakaicin zafin jiki ya kasance -38.5  , wanda aka yi rajista a kusa da Brașov a cikin 1942. Matsakaicin zafin jiki ya kasance  ° C (112.1 ° F), wanda aka rubuta a Ion Sion, Brăila County a cikin shekara ta 1951.

## Matsakaicin da rikodin

### Birane
Sophie Otiende

Sophie Otiende ƙwararriyar mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin bil’adama ce daga Kenya kuma mai rajin kare wadanda suka tsira daga safarar mutane. Tsohuwar mamba ce a kwamitin gudanarwa na Asusun Duniya don Ƙarshen Bautar zaman. A halin yanzu, ita ce Shugabar Gudanarwa ta GFEMS, kuma ita ce ta kafa Azad, ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin farko da wadanda suka tsira daga safarar mutane suka kafa a Kenya.

## manazarta
Ana daɗa sanin ta sosai a fagen yaƙi da safarar mutane, musamman ta fannin tsara ƙa’idojin kulawa da waɗanda suka tsira daga irin wannan ta’asa, da kuma yawan ƙarfafa gwiwar a haɗa su da suka tsira cikin tsarin yaki da safarar mutane. Tun daga shekarar 2014, Otiende ta taka rawa wajen gano da kuma taimakawa fiye da mutum 400 da aka safarar da su. Haka kuma, ta rubuta manhajoji da ake amfani da su wajen horaswa da taimakon waɗanda safarar mutane ta shafa.

A cikin 2020, Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta sanya Otiende a matsayin daya daga cikin Jarumai na Rahoton Mutane na 2020 .
Masu kamo bayi

ai kama bawa mutum ne da ake amfani da shi don ganowa da dawo da bayi da suka tsere ga bayinsu. Masu kama bayi na farko a Amurka sun kasance masu aiki a yankunan Turai a West Indies a cikin karni na sha shida. A cikin mulkin mallaka na Virginia da Carolina, masu kama bayi (a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin sintiri na bayi) masu shuka na Kudancin sun fara ne a karni na sha takwas don dawo da bayi masu gudu; ra'ayin da sauri ya bazu zuwa sauran yankuna goma sha uku. Bayan kafa Amurka, masu kama bayi sun ci gaba da aiki ban da kasancewa masu aiki a wasu ƙasashe waɗanda ba su kawar da bautar ba, kamar Brazil. Ayyukan masu kama bayi daga Kudancin Amurka sun zama cibiyar babbar gardama a cikin jagorancin Yaƙin basasar Amurka; Dokar Bautar Fugitive ta buƙaci waɗanda ke zaune a Arewacin Amurka su taimaka wa masu kama bayi. Masu kama bayi a Amurka sun daina aiki tare da tabbatar da Kwaskwarimar goma sha uku

Masu kama bayi na farko a Amurka sun kasance masu aiki a yankunan Turai a West Indies a cikin karni na sha shida. A cikin mulkin mallaka na Virginia da Carolina, masu kama bayi (a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin sintiri na bayi) masu shuka na Kudancin sun fara ne a karni na sha takwas don dawo da bayi masu gudu; ra'ayin da sauri ya bazu zuwa sauran yankuna goma sha uku.: 7 Masu kama bayi a Amurka sun kunshi fararen masu mulkin mallaka waɗanda masu shuka suka yi amfani da su don sarrafa yawan bayi da ke ƙaruwa cikin sauri sakamakon Cinikin bayi na Atlantic. Wadannan kokarin farko na kafa tsarin sintiri na bayi sun sami cikas daga ƙananan masu kama bayi waɗanda ke aiki a kan babban wuri. A sakamakon haka, yawancin bayi sun tsere wa ganowa kuma sun gudu zuwa yankuna inda za su iya rayuwa a matsayin 'yanci na launi.
## Manazarta
Hakkin LGBTQ a Djibouti

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, da queer (LGBTQ) mutane a Djibouti suna fuskantar ƙalubalen shari'a waɗanda ba mazaunan LGBTQ ba suka fuskanta. Kodayake Djibouti ba ta nuna laifin luwadi a bayyane ba amma ta aikata laifuka masu banƙyama, mutanen LGBTQ har yanzu suna fuskantar zargi tsakanin jama'a.

## Shari'a ta jima'i na jinsi ɗaya
Shari'ar jima'i na jinsi ɗaya ba ta da tabbas a Djibouti. Kodayake babu wata doka da ta ambaci cewa jima'i na jinsi ɗaya doka ne ko ba bisa ka'ida ba, wannan ba ya hana hukumomi gurfanar da nuna halin jima'i a cikin jama'a a ƙarƙashin dokokin da ke hana kai farmaki kan "al'a mai kyau".

## Tsaro na nuna bambanci
Dokar No. 119/AN/15/7L da ke kafa Tsarin Bayanai na Kyauta yana kare yanayin Jima'i a matsayin bayanai masu mahimmanci. A cewar doka, "bayanai masu mahimmanci" suna nufin "bayanai na sirri waɗanda ke da alaƙa da yanayin sirri na mutum na halitta kuma suna iya haifar da nuna bambanci ga wannan mutumin ko kuma ya fallasa shi ga haɗari mai tsanani. Irin waɗannan bayanan masu mahimmanci sun haɗa da, a tsakanin wasu, asalin launin fata ko kabilanci, siyasa, falsafa ko ra'ayoyin addini ko membobin ƙungiyar kwadago, da kuma bayanan da suka shafi yanayin jima'i ko lafiyar mutum. "

A cewar Human Dignity Trust, Djibouti ba ta da kariya ta doka game da nuna bambanci bisa ga jima'i ko jinsi, kuma jima'i na jinsi ɗaya ya kasance mai laifi a ƙarƙashin Dokar Shari'a, yana ɗauke da yiwuwar hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku har zuwa shekaru uku. Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta kuma ba da rahoton cewa babu wata sananniyar dokoki da ke hana nuna bambanci ga mutanen LGBT a kowane mahallin, kuma cewa tashin hankali da cin zarafin jama'a sun yadu.

## Ra'ayi na Gwamnati
A watan Yunin 2011, Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta zartar da ƙuduri game da take hakkin dan adam bisa ga jima'i da jinsi (IGLHRC 17 Yuni 2011; Human Rights Brief 10 Nuwamba 2011). Tushen ya nuna cewa Djibouti ta kada kuri'a a kan ƙudurin (ibid.; IGLHRC 17 Yuni 2011). 

## Yanayin rayuwa
Rahoton Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka na 2015 ya gano cewa "babu sanannun rahotanni game da tashin hankali na al'umma ko nuna bambanci bisa ga jima'i. Ka'idojin zamantakewa ba su ba da izinin tattaunawar jama'a game da luwadi ba, kuma mutane ba su yarda a bayyane suna da halin luwadi ba. "

## Dubi kuma

* 'Yancin Dan Adam a Djibouti
* Hakkin LGBTQ a Afirka

## Manazarta
Yusuf Otubanjo

**Yusuf Otubanjo** (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1992) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Najeriya wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan gaba (striker) ga ƙungiyar Nasaf da ke gasar babbar rukunin ƙwallon ƙafa ta Uzbekistan.

## Ayyuka

### Kungiyar
A ranar 23 ga watan Janairun din Ararat-Armenia ta sanar da sanya hannu kan Otubanjo. A ranar 4 ga Yuni 2022, Ararat-Armenia ta sanar cewa kwantiragin Otubanjo ya ƙare kuma zai bar kulob ɗin..

A ranar 11 ga watan Yunin na shekara ta 2022, Otubanjo ya sanya hannu a kan 'yar kungiyar Firimiya ta Armenia Pyunik . 

A ranar 29 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2025, kungiyar Nasaf ta Uzbekistan Super League ta sanar da sanya hannu kan Otubanjo. 

## Kididdigar aiki

### Kungiyar

## Daraja
**Pyunik**

* Gasar Firimiya ta Armenia: 2023-242023–24

**MŠK Žilina**

* Gasar kwallon kafa ta farko ta Slovak: 2016-17 

**Ararat-Armenia**

* Gasar Firimiya ta Armenia: 2019-20 

**Mutumin da ya fi so**

## Manazarta
El Kazovsky

**El Kazovsky** (Yuli 13, 1948 - Yuli 21, 2008  ) Ƴar ƙasar Hungarian ƴar ƙasar Rasha ce mai zane-zane, ƴar wasan kwaikwayo, mawaƙiya kuma mai zanen kaya  wanda ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu zanen Hungary na zamaninsa. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Rayuwa ta sirri
An haifi El Kazovsky a ƙarƙashin sunan Elena Kazovskaya a Leningrad, Rasha zuwa Irina Putolova, masanin tarihin fasaha, da Yefim Kazovsky, masaniyar kimiyyar lissafi. Ta koma Hungary a cikin shekara ta 1965, tana da shekaru 15, kuma ta kammala karatu a 1977 tare da digiri a cikin zane-zane daga Kwalejin Fine Arts na Hungary . Malaman El Kazovsky su ne György Kádár da Ignác Kokas.

El Kazovsky ta buɗe game da kasancewa mutumin transgender; an haife shi a matsayin mace mai ilimin halitta kuma yana bayyana kansa a matsayin namijin androphile . 

## Art
Ba za a iya raba fasaharsa zuwa lokuta ba; dukan zane-zanensa na bayyanawa sun bayyana irin duniyar tatsuniya da ya halitta. Wasu adadi masu maimaitawa sun bayyana a yawancin zane-zanensa, kamar doguwar kare mai hanci ko kuma ɗan wasan rawa. Bayan zane-zane, aikinsa ya haɗa da zane-zane, wasan kwaikwayo da kuma shigarwa. 

## Kyauta

* Kossuth Award (2002)
* Mihaly Munkacsy Award (1989)
* Gyula Derkovits Scholarship (1980)

## nune-nunen
Solo ya nuna:

* El Kazovsky: Encore- Várfok Gallery, Budapest, 2016
* Gidan tarihin Rasha na Jiha— Fadar Marble, St. Petersburg, 2005

Rukuni ya nuna:

* Mis-en Abyme (Kép a képben) —Várfok Gallery, Budapest, 2008
* Hungarian Art. Danubiana-Meulensteen Art Museum, Bratislava, 2007
*  —Mawakan Hungarian Na Zamani Sun Amsa. Gidan kayan gargajiya na Fine Arts - Budapest, Budapest, 2006
* Sarari gama gari — Gidan Tarihi na Ernst Budapest, Budapest, 2006
* A cikin Bakin Baƙi da Fari—Baje kolin zane-zane. Műcsarnok / Kunsthalle Budapest, 2001
* Jerin nune-nune na dubunnan shekaru a Mucsarnok-Mucsarnok Kunsthalle, Budapest, 2000

## Tarin jama'a

* Gidan Gallery na Ƙasar Hungarian (Magyar Nemzeti Galéria), Budapest, Hungary
* Gidan kayan tarihi na Ludwig - Gidan kayan tarihi na fasahar zamani, Budapest, Hungary
* Cibiyar Fasaha ta Zamani, Dunaújváros, Hungary
* Muzeum Sztuki w Lodz, Lodz, Poland 

## Littattafai, tatsuniyoyi

* Forgacs, Eva: *El Kazovszkij* (monograph, 1996)
* Uhl, Gabriella: *El Kazovszkij kegyetlen testszinháza* (album, 2008)

## Manazarta
Hakkin LGBTQ a Libya

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, da queer (LGBTQ) mutane galibi ana nuna musu wariya a Libya. Ayyukan luwadi suna aikata laifuka ga maza da mata a cikin Libya, kuma halaye na luwadi sun zama ruwan dare a duk faɗin ƙasar. Tun lokacin da gwamnatin Gaddafi ta fadi a shekara ta 2011, dokokin nuna bambanci game da luwadi a Libya ba su canza ba.

## Shari'a ta jima'i na jinsi ɗaya
Dokar aikata laifuka ta kasar ta haramta duk wani jima'i a waje da auren doka. A karkashin Mataki na 407 (4) na Dokar Shari'a (1953), ayyukan luwadi masu zaman kansu tsakanin manya masu yarda ba bisa ka'ida ba ne.

A cikin shekarun 1990s, Babban Majalisa na Jama'a ya fara amincewa da dokokin "tsarkakewa" da aka tsara don tilasta mummunan ra'ayi game da dokar Islama akan yawan jama'a. An ba kotunan Libya ikon yin amfani da yankewa, bulala da sauran azabtarwa ga mutanen da aka gano suna keta dabi'un gargajiya na Islama.

A cikin shekara ta 2010, shafin yanar gizon Gay *Gay Gabas ta Tsakiya* ya ba da rahoton cewa an tuhumi maza biyu da "ayyukan lalata", wanda ke nufin yin ado da giciye da kuma halin ɗan luwaɗi.

Har ila yau, luwaɗi na mata zai zama ba bisa ka'ida ba, kamar yadda yake yin kowane irin yarda da jama'a cewa mutum ɗan luwaɗi ne. A shekara ta 2010 wata shari'ar mafaka ta Faransa ta shafi wata yarinya 'yar Libya wacce ta nemi mafaka bayan an daure ta, an yi mata fyade sannan ta koma ga iyalinta don tilasta auren bayan ta yi sanarwa a kan layi cewa ita 'yar luwaɗi ce. Kashe-kashen masu tsaro, maimakon dokar azabtarwa, sun fi zama ruwan dare a yankunan da ISIS ke sarrafawa.

Har yanzu ana amfani da ka'idar aikata laifuka, kodayake yawancin Libya suna gudanar da 'yan bindiga masu fafatawa waɗanda zasu iya zaɓar kashe mutanen LGBTQ. ISIS a Libya ta kashe maza a fili saboda luwadi.

### Gwamnatin Gaddafi
Gwamnatin Gaddafi ba ta ba da izinin bayar da shawarwari ga jama'a game da haƙƙin LGBTQ ba. Lokacin da aka tattauna, koyaushe yana cikin mummunar hanya, daidai da dabi'ar gargajiya ta Islama.

A shekara ta 2003, Gaddafi ya bayyana cewa ya yi imanin cewa "ba zai yiwu ba" a kamu da Cutar kanjamau-HIV ta hanyar jima'i na jima'i ba tare da kariya ba.

### Gwamnatin rikon kwarya
Gwamnatin wucin gadi ta Gaddafi ta ci gaba da adawa da haƙƙin LGBTQ. A watan Fabrairun 2012 wani wakilin Libya ya haifar da fushi bayan ya gaya wa kwamitin kare hakkin dan adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya cewa 'yan luwadi suna barazana ga makomar' yan Adam.

### Tsarin Mulki na wucin gadi
Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya bayyana cewa Islama ita ce addinin hukuma kuma tushen doka.

Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Musamman ya kuma yi alkawarin girmama haƙƙin mutane ga rayuwar sirri.

**2019:** Tun daga shekara ta 2019, Libya tana da wata kungiya mai zaman kanta ta LGBTQ+ da ake kira Kun Libya .  Jama'ar LGBTQ na Libya sun kasance a yau a karkashin matsin lamba don kasancewa a ɓoye saboda faduwar jihar tun 2014.

## Bayani na tebur

## Dubi kuma

* 'Yancin Dan Adam a Libya
* Hakkin LGBTQ a Afirka

## Manazarta
Ƙananan Duniya

Little Earth yanki ne na zama a Minneapolis, Minnesota, Amurka wanda ke da kusan mutane 1,500, da yawa daga cikinsu 'Yan asalin Amurka ne. Ƙungiyar gidaje masu zama a Little Earth tana ɗaukar kanta mutane masu haɗin kai na kabilun 'yan asalin ƙasar Amirka daban-daban 39, amma yankin ba ajiya birni ba ne, kuskuren gama gari. Little Earth tana cikin Al'ummar Phillips na Minneapolis . Duk da yake sanannen gundumar, ba ɗaya daga cikin unguwanni da aka tsara a hukumance a cikin birni ba.

## Yawan jama'a
A cikin shekarun 2010, yawan mutanen Little Earth ya canza tsakanin mutane 1,200 da 1,500, tare da yara da suka hada da rabin jimlar. Kusan dukkanin gidaje suna da rahoton samun kudin shiga kasa da $ 10,000 a kowace shekara. An bayyana Little Earth a matsayin zuciyar al'ummar 'yan asalin ƙasar Minneapolis. 'Yan asalin Amurka suna wakiltar kashi 7 cikin 100 na yankin Phillips mafi girma a kudancin Minneapolis, wanda kuma shine yankin da ya fi talauci a birnin tare da kashi 48 cikin 100 na mutanen da ke zaune cikin talauci.

## Tarihi
An kafa Little Earth a cikin 1973 a matsayin aikin gidaje mai araha a Minneapolis. An gina al'ummar zama a cikin shekarun 1970s, ta zama  , gidaje masu ɗaki 212-a kusan Gabashin 24th Street da Cedar Avenue a yankin Kudancin Minneapolis. Farawa ba da daɗewa ba bayan kafuwarta, Little Earth da al'ummar da ke kewaye da ita sun kasance a tsakiyar Ƙungiyar Indiyawan Amurka.

Ya zuwa shekarun 2010, gidajen Little Earth ne kawai 'yan asalin ƙasar Amirka suka fi so, al'umma ta tallafin haya ta Sashe na 8 a Amurka. Ƙungiyar zama ta al'umma, Little Earth of United Tribes, ta cika buƙatar sabis na zamantakewa ga mazauna ta hanyar ba da masu ba da shawara, haya keke, maganin iyali, koyarwa, da kuma damar mallakar gida.

A lokacin zanga-zangar George Floyd a Minneapolis-Saint Paul a watan Mayu da Yuni 2020, membobin al'umma sun shirya sintiri na tsaro a cikin daren tashin hankali, konewa, da fashi. Da yake ƙasa da mil daya (1.6  daga Lake Street, mazauna sun kafa shingen don hana masu zanga-zangar tafiya a cikin unguwar, suna tsoron hakan zai haifar da lalacewar dukiya da ayyukan tilasta bin doka. An yaba da kokarin tare da adana fiye da kamfanoni 20 a kan Franklin Avenue. Mazauna kuma sun shirya sintiri na tsaro na dare, sun biya fitilu a wurin shakatawa, kuma sun horar da membobin al'umma a cikin dabarun de-escalation, kokarin da wasu ke fatan zai zama sabon samfurin don 'yan sanda a cikin birni.

## Yanayin ƙasa
Al'ummar Little Earth tana cikin yankin Phillips na Minneapolis. A gefen gabas na al'umma tare da hanyar wucewa ta Hiawatha, Little Earth Trail, hanyar tafiya da keke mai amfani da yawa, tana haɗa mutane zuwa kasuwanci da ayyuka daga Franklin Avenue zuwa East Lake Street. Kungiyoyin 'yan asalin ƙasar Amirka da yawa suna cikin yankin Little Earth, kamar Minneapolis American Indian Center, Cibiyar Kula da Al'ummar Amirka, Cibiyar Ci Gaban Al'ummar Amurka, da Cibiyar Kulawa ta Mata ta Indiya ta Minnesota.

## Manazarta
Hakkin LGBTQ a Oman

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, da queer (LGBTQ) mutane a Oman suna fuskantar manyan ƙalubalen zamantakewa da shari'a waɗanda ba mazaunan LGBTQ ba su fuskanta. Kwastam a cikin Sultanate na Oman ba bisa ka'ida ba ne bisa ga §§, 33 da 223 na dokar hukunci kuma ana iya hukunta shi da hukuncin ɗaurin rai har zuwa shekaru 3. Wannan dokar ta shafi maza da mata. A Oman, an ce shari'o'in suna zuwa kotu ne kawai idan "abin kunya na jama'a" ya shafi.

## Yanayin rayuwa
A watan Satumbar 2013, an ba da sanarwar cewa duk Kasashen hadin gwiwar Gulf sun amince da tattauna wani tsari na tsara gwajin luwadi da aka nufa don ware 'yan kasashen waje masu luwadi da kuma hana su shiga kowace ƙasa. Koyaya, an ba da shawarar cewa damuwa game da karɓar bakuncin Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2022 a Qatar, da kuma tsoron gardama a cikin yanayin da za a bincika magoya bayan kwallon kafa, ya sa jami'ai su koma baya da tsare-tsaren kuma sun nace cewa kawai tayin ne 

## Yunkurin kare hakkin LGBTQ a Oman
Kamar a wasu ƙasashen Gulf, bayar da shawarwari ga haƙƙin LGBTQ a Oman laifi ne; masu fafutuka suna amfani da kafofin sada zumunta tare da wani suna don kare asalin su tare da banbanci mai yawa. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]

## Bayani na tebur

## Dubi kuma

* 'Yancin Dan Adam a Oman
* Hakkin LGBTQ a Asiya
* Hakkin LGBTQ a Gabas ta Tsakiya

## Manazarta
Esther Georgia Irving Cooper

## Farkon rayuwar mutum
An haifi Cooper a ranar 28 ga Nuwamba, 1881, a Cleveland, ga William da Katherine Harris Irving, mutanen da suka kasance bayi. Ta koma Virginia don zama wani ɓangare na Forest Service kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin stenographer. Ta auri George Posea Cooper a ranar 10 ga Satumba, 1913, kuma suna da 'ya'ya mata uku. Ɗaya daga cikin 'yan mata, Esther Cooper Jackson ta kasance mai fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama wacce ta auri ɗan'uwanta mai fafutuka na kare hakkin bil" James E. Jackson .  Ta mutu a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu, 1970, tana da shekaru 88. 

## Ayyuka
Cooper ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci yana koyar da Turanci, buga rubutu da taƙaitawa a Makarantar Horar da Mata da 'Yan Mata ta Kasa kuma yana gudanar da darussan kasuwanci a cikin shirye-shiryen ilimin manya a Makarantun Jama'a na Arlington County a matsayin wani ɓangare na Dokar Gyara Ilimi ta Tarayya.  Lokacin da Cooper ta koma Arlington, Virginia, ta sami makarantun da aka ware ba su dace ba kuma ta tura 'ya'yanta mata zuwa makaranta a Washington DC kamar sauran iyaye da yawa na lokacin.

Cooper ya kafa kuma shi ne shugaban farko na reshen Arlington County na Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Ci gaban Mutanen Launi.  A shekara ta 1942, ta shiga kwamitin zartarwa na Taron Jihar Virginia na NAACP wanda ya kalubalanci rashin daidaito na launin fata a makarantun sakandare na gundumar.   Wannan ya ƙare a cikin Carter v. School Board of Arlington County, inda Kotun daukaka kara ta huɗu ta yanke hukuncin cewa makarantun sakandare daban-daban na gundumar sun zama nuna bambancin launin fata ba bisa ka'ida ba kuma sun ba da umarnin kara kudade ga makarantun da aka ware da kuma daidaita albashi ga malamai baƙar fata.

Cooper ta kasance shugabar reshen NAACP a cikin shekarun 1940 da kuma memba na Kudancin Kudancin Welfare na Dan Adam inda ta kasance shugagar SCHW ta Arlington. Cooper ya taimaka wajen shirya Jennie Dean Community Center Association, ƙungiyar da ta tara kuɗi don sayen ƙasa don cibiyar nishaɗi da ke buɗewa ga baƙi. A matsayinta na sakatariyar kungiyar 'yan ƙasa ta Butler Holmes, Ta yi rajistar masu jefa kuri'a kuma ta yi kamfen don kawo karshen harajin zabe. Ta yi aiki a kan kamfen na siyasa da kuma wuraren zabe ta hanyar zaben shugaban kasa na 1964. 

## Manazarta
Asusun Ilimi na Kudancin

**Asusun Ilimi na Kudancin** (**SCEF**) (1942-1981) kungiya ce da ke neman inganta Adalci na zamantakewa, haƙƙin jama'a, da sake fasalin zabe a Kudancin Amurka, musamman ga 'Yan Afirka na Afirka. Kungiyar ta fara ne a matsayin Asusun Ilimi na Kudancin Taron Kula da Lafiyar Dan Adam (SCHW), kafin ta zama ƙungiya mai zaman kanta bayan an rushe SCHW a cikin 1948.

## Tarihi
A cikin 1948, SCHW ta rabu game da goyon bayanta ga dan takarar shugaban kasa: wasu mambobi sun goyi bayan dan takarar jam'iyyar Progressive Party Henry A. Wallace, wasu kuma shugaban jam'iyyar Democrat na Amurka Harry S. Truman. Jami'an SCHW sun hadu a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1948 kuma sun kada kuri'a don kawo karshen kungiyar da ke rikici. A ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, 1948, shugabannin SCHW sun hadu a Monticello, Virginia, kuma sun zartar da ƙuduri don sake tsara ƙungiyar da ta rage ta ƙarshe, Asusun Ilimi na Kudancin (SCEF), "wanda ya himmatu kawai ga ƙarshen rarrabewa a kudu. " Kashegari, 21 ga Nuwamba، 1948, shugabannin S CHW sun kada kuri'a don rushewa. 

A shekara ta 1969, yayin da take aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar SCEF, mai fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama kuma mai fafutuka Dorothy Zellner ta rubuta wata sanarwa da ke sukar kungiyoyin da ke wayar da kan mata a matsayin "magani" da kuma rashin isasshen " siyasa". A mayar da martani, 'yar'uwar SCEF Carol Hanisch ta yi jawabi ga wata kasida ga ƙungiyar mata ta SCEF a watan Fabrairun 1969. Asalin taken "Wasu Tunanin Amsawa ga Tunanin Dottie akan Yunkurin 'Yancin Mata", an sake buga labarin a cikin 1970 a cikin littafin Notes from the Second Year: Women's Liberation a ƙarƙashin taken "The Personal is Political". Tun daga wannan lokacin, rubutun ya zama sananne a cikin ƙungiyoyin mata.

Saboda matsalolin kudi, kungiyar ta rushe a 1981. 

## Ayyuka

* Southern Patriot (jaridar SCEF) 

## Manazarta
Ƙabilar Massachusett a Ponkapoag

**Ƙabilar Massachusett a Ponkapoag** ƙungiya ce ta al'adun al'adu wacce ke da'awar zuriya daga Mutanen Massachusett, 'Yan asalin Arewa maso gabashin Woodlands . 

Duk da yake suna nuna kansu a matsayin 'yan asalin Amurka, Ba a san shi ba, ma'ana ba su da wata Ƙabilar da aka amince da ita  ko kuma wata kabila da ta amince da ita. 

## Kungiyoyin da ba su da riba
The Massachuset-Ponkapoag Tribal Council, Inc. kungiya ce mai zaman kanta ta 501 (c) (3) da aka kafa a 2002;  duk da haka, GuideStar ta ba da rahoton cewa an soke matsayinsu na ba da riba saboda rashin gabatar da siffofin haraji 990 tare da IRS na shekaru uku a jere.  A matsayin kungiyar wayar da kan jama'a game da al'adu, manufar da suka bayyana ita ce "Ilimi na mutanen Massachuset a cikin tarihinmu, al'adu da al'adunmu".  Gilbert Solomon shine babban jami'in, wanda ke zaune a Bridgewater, Massachusetts.  Wakilin su shine wakilin Massachusetts Registered, LLC.

**Kamfanin Ponkapoag Land** kungiya ce mai zaman kanta, kuma an kafa ta a 2002 tare da Gilbert Solomon a matsayin wakili. Adireshin rajista yana cikin Holliston, Massachusetts . 

## Jami'ai
Jami'an Majalisar Ƙabilar Massachuset-Ponkapoag, Inc., da Kamfanin Ponkapoag Land sune:

* Gilbert Solomon, shugaban kasa
* Thomas Green, mataimakin shugaban kasa
* Elizabeth Solomon, mai ba da kuɗi
* Alysha Gray, magatakarda.

Robin Harris ya zama darektan Majalisar Ƙabilar Massachusetts-Ponkapoag, Inc. a cikin 2021.  Jean Oliver Foster ya zama darektan kamfanin Ponkapoag Land Corporation a shekarar 2021.

Elizabeth Solomon, memba kuma jami'in kabilar Massachusett a Ponkapoag kuma tsohuwar Jami'ar Harvard kuma darektan gudanarwa a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Harvard, ta ba da yabo ga jami'ar  da sauran cibiyoyin yankin. 

## Ayyuka
A matsayin kabilar Massachusett a Ponkapoag, kungiyar ta fitar da wasika a cikin 2020 tana adawa da amfani da kayan wasan 'yan asalin Amurka. Membobin sun shiga cikin Wessagussett Wetlands da Woodlands na bayyanar alamun jama'a na tarihin gida a Weymouth, Massachusetts. Ƙabilar Massachusett a Ponkapoag ta yi kira ga jama'a a Jami'ar Boston da ta sake sunan Myles Standish Hall zuwa Wituwamat Memorial Hall bayan wani memba na ƙabilar Neponset wanda masu mulkin mallaka suka kashe a cikin 1623.

## Manazarta
Ilimin kasa na Jamhuriyar Dominica

**ilimin ƙasa na [[Jamhuriyar Dominika|Jamhuriyar Dominica]]** wani bangare ne na **ilimin ƙasa na [[Hispaniola]]** tare da duwatsu da aka kafa daga  tsibirai da yawa, wanda suka  haɗu da Arewacin Amurka.

## Tarihin Geologic, Stratigraphy & Tectonics
Tsofaffin duwatsu a tsibirin sun fara  a farkon Cretaceous ta hanyar tsibiri arc plutonism.  Kafin aptian, tsibirin ya ɗaga, musamman a gabas, mai yiwuwa saboda karon tsibiri mai aman wuta.  Gabaɗaya, an ƙirƙira Hispaniola ne daga ƙananan tsibiri 11 daban-daban.  Daga Albian zuwa Campanian, plutonism, metamorphism da volcanism sun fara lokaci guda, suna faruwa a ƙarƙashin ruwa a kan ƙasa mai zurfi.  A cikin Campanian an yi karo na biyu na baka.  Picrite daga Duarte Complex a tsakiyar Hispaniola an yi la'akari da shi azaman tsibiri mai zafi na Galapagos..

Cordillera ta Tsakiya a tsakiyar tsibirin ta cire peridotite daga tsakiyar Cretaceous a saman mylonite da phyllonite schist shear zone a cikin Maimon Formation. Rashin daidaituwa ya bayyana a cikin duwatsu a arewa, har zuwa dutsen wuta da Los Ranchos Formation. An rufe su da dutsen Albian-Cenomanian.

### Cenozoic (shekaru miliyan 66 da suka gabata-ya zuwa yanzu)
A cikin Paleogene a farkon Cenozoic, volcanism, metamorphism da plutonism sun ci gaba da karkashin ruwa har zuwa Eocene, har yanzu suna da yawa a ƙarƙashin ruwa. Koyaya, a tsakiyar Eocene, tsibirin tsibirin da aka haɗu sun haɗu da gefen kudancin Arewacin Amurka a dandalin Florida-Bahama, wanda ya haifar da samar da carbonates masu yawa da ƙarshen dutsen wuta da plutonism. Dutsen tsibirin ya fallasa sama da layin ruwa kuma ya fara lalacewa yayin da kuskuren gabas da yamma ya fito. Daga Miocene zuwa 'yan kwanakin nan, kuskuren saukowa ya samo asali ne tare da sutures tsakanin tsoffin tsibirin tsibirin yayin da tsibirin ya matsa da Arewacin Amurka da tsaunuka na teku. An kafa manyan tsaunuka guda tara.

A cikin Jamhuriyar Dominica, tsakiyar Cordillera ta Arewa ta mamaye iyakar lalacewar fashewa tsakanin farantin Arewacin Amurka da Caribbean. Kuskuren da ninka daga Eocene" id="mwMA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Paleocene">Paleocene zuwa Pliocene a cikin duwatsun ruwa suna nuna tarihin tasowa, wanda ya fara a cikin Eocene pelagic carbonates. Transpression a cikin Miocene-Pliocene ya haifar da anticline a cikin carbonates na ruwa mai zurfi.

## Ilimin albarkatun kasa
Babban ajiyar zinare na Pueblo Viejo oxide ya samo asali ne saboda zinariya, quartz da pyrophyllite a cikin wani karamin kwandon a cikin Los Ranchos Formation. A cikin kwandonsa, tsari yana da conglomerate, yana hawa zuwa sandstone da carbonstone tare da burbushin shuke-shuke da ke nuna kusanci da ƙasa. Hanyoyin da aka cika da ƙarfe saboda wurin hydrothermal.

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin tsibirai na Jamhuriyar Dominica
Frederick Asbury Cullen

**Frederick Asbury** ( **FA** ) **Cullen** (  - Mayu 25, 1946) minista ne na Methodist na Amurka, al'umma da mai fafutukar kare hakkin jama'a, wanda ke zaune a Harlem, Birnin New York . Ya goyi bayan zanga-zangar doka da ta zamantakewa, kuma yana da tasiri wajen aiki tare da matasan al'ummarsa.

## Rayuwa ta farko da iyali
Iyayen Frederick Asbury Cullen sune Isaac da Emmeline Williams Cullen.  sun kasance duka biyun bayi ne .  haifi Frederick Asbury Cullen , a cikin Fairmount, Maryland. 

Wani lokaci kafin 1919, ya auri Carolyn Belle Mitchell (d. 1932), soprano kuma pianist daga Baltimore. Sun yi aiki tare a cikin Cocin. Suna da ɗa guda ɗaya da ba a yarda da shi ba, Countee LeRoy Porter, wanda ya ɗauki sunan karshe na Reverend. Countee Cullen mawaki ne, kuma an dauke shi a matsayin sanannen memba na Harlem Renaissance . 

## Ayyuka
An ce  cewa farkawarsa ta addini ta faru ne a Cocin Episcopal na Sharp Street na Baltimore, a watan Satumba na shekara ta 1894. An naɗa shi a matsayin ministan Methodist a cikin 1900 a Delaware County, Maryland .   (Cocin Methodist Episcopal shine farkon Cocin Methodist (1939) da Cocin United Methodist (1968). ) Ya samu nasarar jagorantar da'irar coci biyu a Catlin, Maryland daga 1900 zuwa 1902. Daga baya, an sanya shi a Cocin St. Mark, ikilisiya ta mafi yawan Black parishioners a kauyen East na New York. Cocin yana da manufa ta gaba a Harlem, Salem Chapel . Ya tuntubi yara a matsayin hanyar samun iyayensu a cikin coci. Nasarar da ya samu wajen daukar ma'aikata ta haifar da cewa an ɗaga aikin zuwa wani abu mai zaman kansa a cikin 1908, ya zama Salem Methodist Episcopal Church. Ya jagoranci wannan coci na tsawon shekaru 40.

Ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban reshen Harlem na NAACP .  Musamman, ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasa na Tarihin zanga-zangar Negro Silent na 1917. 

## Manazarta
Sundance (mai fafutuka)

**Sundance** 'yar gwagwarmayar kare hakkin bil'adama ce ta Indiya. Wataƙila an fi saninsa da kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin fitattun Indiyawan Amurka da yawa don jagorantar motsi game da amfani da Hotunan 'yan asalin Amurka a matsayin kayan wasan motsa jiki.

## Rayuwa ta farko
Sundance memba ne na mutanen Muscogee, ƙabilar 'yan asalin ƙasar Amirka waɗanda ke zaune a cikin gandun daji na kudu maso gabashin.

## Ayyuka
Sundance shi ne darektan reshen Cleveland na Ƙungiyar Indiyawan Amurka (AIM).  Cleveland AIM memba ne na reshe na Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Indiyawan Amurka ta Ƙungiyoyin Kai.

## Yunkurin fafutuka
Sundance ya kasance mai aiki sosai wajen canza sunan kungiyar Cleveland Baseball kuma akai-akai ya nuna adawarsa game da amfani da Cif Wahoo a matsayin mascot ga ƙungiyar baseball ta birnin, Cleveland Indians .   Ya nuna rashin amincewa da yadda kungiyar ta yi amfani da mascot mai rikitarwa tun shekara ta 2007. "Muna son tambarin ya tafi. Muna son sunan kungiyar ya canza, "in ji shi. "Ba za ku iya yin daya ba tare da ɗayan ba. Akwai wannan farfaganda a kusa da Cleveland cewa ta wata hanya suna girmama mu ta hanyar samun ƙungiyar da ake kira Indiyawa da tambarin Wahoo. Don haka raunin yana juyawa, iska tana canzawa. Suna jin cewa watakila tambarin Waho ba ya girmama mu, amma ta wata hanya sunan ƙungiyar kuma ba su saurari saƙon ba. "  Sundance ya kuma bayyana gardamar a bayan tarihin tarihin da ake amfani da waɗannan hotuna, da kuma ra'ayoyin da aka haifar da su sakamakon haka. "Wannan hali yana da cin zarafi, mai tsattsauran ra'ayi, wariyar launin fata da kunya, "Sundance ya gaya wa Cleveland Plain Dealer. "Yana yin ba'a game da kisan kare dangi kuma yana ba'a ga kisan kiyashi. Alamar ita ce kawai shugaban Indiya. Wannan yana nufin shi tsohon Indiya ne. Wannan yana ci gaba sama da shekaru 50. "Ina fatan ba zai ci gaba ba har tsawon 50. "

Kafin ya shiga cikin zanga-zangar a matakin kasa, Sundance ya yi aiki a kan batun a matakin gida. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya koma Oberlin, Sundance ya gano makarantar sakandare ta yankin, Oberlin High School, ta yi amfani da alamar 'yan asalin ƙasar Amirka a matsayin mascot na makarantar. Ya yi kira ga hukumar makarantar ta yankin don shawo kansu su karɓi wani mascot, duk da adawa wanda ya yi jayayya da "rashin ma'ana" mascot. Kodayake an tattauna da yawa kafin a yanke shawarar ƙarshe, a cikin 2007, makarantar ta yanke shawarar canza mascot dinta da sunan ƙungiyar, daga Oberlin Indians zuwa Oberlin Phoenix . 

## Manazarta
Haskakawa B. A halin yanzu

Gloster B. Current (1913 - 3 ga Yuli, 1997) ya kasance mataimakin babban darakta na Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Ci gaban Mutanen Launi (NAACP) da kuma Daraktan Rukunin Rukunin Ƙasa da Gudanar da Filin NAACP a lokacin Yunkurin Kare Hakkin Bil'adama. Lokaci ne na babban fadadawa da gwagwarmaya ga NAACP. Ya kuma rubuta littafi, ya kasance ƙwararren mawaƙin jazz, kuma ya kasance ministan Methodist. Matarsa ta farko ita ce Leontine Turpeau, ita ma minista ce; suna da 'ya'ya uku amma daga baya sun sake aure. A lokacin mutuwarsa, ya zauna a Hollis, Queens, tare da matarsa ta biyu Rebecca Busch Current . 

Yanzu ya zo Birnin New York daga Detroit a 1946 a kan umarnin Walter Francis White .  Cecilia Suyat Marshall ita ce sakatarensa na sirri a NAACP . An ba da takardunsa ga Jami'ar Jihar Wayne.

Ya mutu a ranar 3 ga Yuli, 1997, daga cutar sankarar jini da cutar huhu.

Roscoe Lee Browne ya nuna halin yanzu a cikin For Us the Living: The Medgar Evers Story (1983), fim game da Medgar Ever . A halin yanzu ya yi iƙirarin cewa shi ne mutum na ƙarshe da ya yi magana da Evers.

## Manazarta
Hakkin LGBTQ a Uzbekistan

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people face widespread prosecution in Uzbekistan. Same-sex sexual activity between men is illegal in Uzbekistan. The punishment is up to 3 years in prison. Uzbekistan is one of just 2 post-Soviet states in which male homosexual activity remains criminalized, along with Turkmenistan.

Ana nuna bambanci da cin zarafin jama'a ga mutanen LGBTQ, wanda ya haɗa da tashin hankali, tsangwama, tarko don manufar zamba, da barazana da amfani da tashin hankali. Duk da abin da ya faru na tashin hankali da tsoratarwa, mutanen LGBTQ gabaɗaya ba sa ba da rahoton waɗannan laifuka ga hukumomi saboda tsoron ci gaba da cin zarafi a hannayensu. Akwai rahotanni game da cin hanci da rashawa daga 'yan sanda, tsoratarwa, tsare-tsare, hare-hare da sauran cin zarafin wadanda suka nemi taimakon' yan sanda. Rashin bin 'yancin dan adam da' yan sanda suka yi ya hada da azabtarwa, da kuma mummunan duka a tsare. Hare-haren masu tsaro da tashin hankali, da sauran Laifukan ƙiyayya, gami da kisan kai, an yi niyya ne ga mutanen LGBTQ.

Gwamnatin Uzbek ta yi watsi da bukatar daukar mataki don kare 'Yan tsiraru na jima'i, tare da wani jami'in da ya bayyana cewa ko da an haramta ayyukan jima'i na jinsi ɗaya, ba za a iya kiyaye mutanen LGBTQ ba. Halin al'umma wanda ke bunkasa irin wannan aikin adawa da LGBTQ ya samo asali ne daga "tunani", tare da "addinin su, al'adu, da al'adunsu" wanda ke sa "maza da mata masu luwadi" ba a yarda da su ba a kasar, a cewar mai magana da yawun.

## Shari'a ta jima'i na jinsi ɗaya
An kafa dokoki da ke aikata laifuka na jima'i tsakanin maza a cikin Uzbek SSR a cikin 1926.  An aikata shi a cikin Uzbekistan na yanzu ta hanyar Mataki na 120 na dokar aikata laifuka ta Uzbek (1994):  

## Dokokin ɗabi'a
Mataki na 130 ya shafi rarraba kayan batsa. Wannan tanadi kuma an ƙarfafa shi a cikin 2012: 

## Dokar farfaganda ta LGBT
A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2024, Alisher Qodirov shugaban jam'iyyar Milliy Tiklanish ya ba da sanarwar cewa yana tsara dokar hana tattaunawar mutanen LGBT. Qodirov ya yi iƙirarin cewa dokar ta samo asali ne daga maganganun da 'yar Donald Trump, Ivanka Trump ta yi game da "farfagandar LGBT" a makarantu.

## Tsarin Mulki na Uzbekistan
A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2023, Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Uzbekistan da gangan ya bar "tsarin jima'i" - duk da cewa an haɗa dukkan sauran rukunoni a bayyane - kamar jinsi, launin fata, addini da ƙasa.

## Bayani na tebur

## Dubi kuma

* 'Yancin Dan Adam a Uzbekistan
* Hakkin LGBTQ a Asiya

## Manazarta
Efia Nwangaza

**Efia Nwangaza** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1951) 'yar gwagwarmayar Amurka ce kuma lauya daga Kudancin Carolina . Nwangaza ita ce dan takarar Green Party a zaben Sanata na Amurka na 2004 a Kudancin Carolina .

## Rayuwa ta farko, ilimi da aiki
Nwangaza ta girma ne a Norfolk, Virginia . Ta kammala karatu a Kwalejin Spelman, Jami'ar Haikali da Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Golden Gate .

Ta yi aiki a matsayin lauya na ma'aikata don Shirin Ayyukan Shari'a na Greenville, kuma lauya ce mai zaman kanta.

## Yunkurin fafutuka
Nwangaza ta kafa kuma tana jagorantar Cibiyar Nazarin Manufofin Afirka ta Greenville, Cibiyar Malcolm X don Ƙaddamar da Kai, da gidan rediyo na WMXP-LP. Ta shiga cikin zanga-zangar gida, jihohi da na kasa da yawa,  gami da zanga-zambe bayan kisan Michael Brown. 

Nwangaza ita ce tsohuwar shugabar kungiyar Jericho Movement for Amnesty and Freedom of US Political Prisoners,  memba ne na SNCC-Atlanta Project,  National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, da kuma Coalition to Stop Police Brutality, Not In Our Name Project da Black Alliance for Peace. 

Nwangaza ya yi aiki a kan kamfen ɗin neman biyan diyya a Taron Duniya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da wariyar launin fata na 2001. 

## Manazarta
Majalisar Kasa kan Hanyar Indiya

Majalisar Kasa kan Hanyar Indiya kungiya ce ta kare hakkin Indiya ta Amurka da aka kafa ta hanyar Dokar Zartarwa 11399 a ranar 6 ga Maris, 1968, kuma an yi gyare-gyare ta hanyar dokar Majalisar Dattijai ta Amurka a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, 1969. Manufar kungiyar ita ce ta karfafawa da kuma kula da hauhawar shirye-shiryen tarayya don amfanin jama'ar Indiyawan Amurka, auna tasirin da ci gaban irin waɗannan shirye-shirye, da kuma ba da shawarar hanyoyin inganta shirye-shiryenta don biyan bukatun jama'ar Indiyawa na Amurka. An dakatar da Majalisar a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, 1974, a karkashin tanadin sashi na 2 na dokar. 

## Haɗin waje

* Majalisar Kasa kan Hanyar Indiya

## Manazarta
Hakkin LGBTQ a Mauritania

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, da queer (LGBTQ) mutane a Mauritania suna fuskantar matsaloli masu tsanani na shari'a waɗanda ba mazaunan LGBTQ ba suka fuskanta. Dukkanin nau'ikan jima'i na maza da mata ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a Mauritania. Maza Musulmi masu luwadi a bayyane suna fuskantar dutse har zuwa mutuwa, kodayake babu wani sanannen shari'ar kisa da aka haifar da zargin luwadi a kasar; yayin da mata da suka yi jima'i da mata suna fuskantar kurkuku.

## Dokar game da jima'i na jinsi ɗaya
Shari'a a Mauritania ta dogara ne akan Shari'a .  Dangane da Mataki na 308 na Dokar Laifuka ta 1983, "Duk wani mutum musulmi da ya aikata wani abu mara kyau ko wanda ba na halitta ba tare da wani jinsi ba zai fuskanci hukuncin kisa ta hanyar dutse a jama'a" (Rajm).   A cewar Human Dignity Trust da Amnesty International, ba a sanya hukuncin kisa ba tun shekara ta 1986.   Mata suna fuskantar kurkuku tsakanin watanni uku zuwa shekaru biyu, da kuma tarar 5,000 zuwa 60,000 Mauritanian Ouguiya.

## Yanayin rayuwa
Rahoton Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka na 2011 ya gano cewa, "Babu wani hukunci na laifi a cikin shekara. Babu wata shaida game da tashin hankali na al'umma, nuna bambanci na al'adu, ko nuna bambanci ga gwamnati bisa ga jima'i. Babu kungiyoyi da ke ba da shawara game da yanayin jima'i ko haƙƙin jinsi, amma babu wani cikas na doka ga aikin irin waɗannan kungiyoyi. "  Rahotanni na Ma'azin Jiha na shekaru masu zuwa sun ba da rahoton ko dai ba da aka sani ba da umarnin doka ba

## Bayani na tebur

## Dubi kuma

* Hukuncin kisa a Mauritania
* 'Yancin Dan Adam a Mauritania
* Hukuncin kisa ga luwadi

## Manazarta
George Heriot DeReef

**George Heriot DeReef** (5 ga Satumba, 1869 - 14 ga Agusta, 1937) lauya ne na Amurka, dan takarar siyasa, shugaban kare hakkin bil'adama, kuma ɗan kasuwa a Milwaukee, Wisconsin . Ya kasance shugaban reshen Milwaukee na NAACP . 

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi DeReef a Charleston, ta Kudu Carolina ga Joseph Moulton Francis DeReef da Georgina Oldfield (née Heriot DeReef). Ya yi karatu a makarantun jama'a. a Charleston, Jami'ar Claflin, kuma ya sami A.B. daga Jami'ar Howard .  DeReef ta kammala karatu daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Howard a 1905 tare da LL. B. kuma magatakarda ga alƙalin birni Robert H. Terrell a Washington, DC, har sai ya koma Milwaukee kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin lauyoyin Afirka na Amurka a can.

DeReef ya kasance wakili a baje kolin 'yanci na' yanci a Birnin New York a shekarar 1913.  Ya jagoranci Hukumar Wisconsin zuwa Bikin Shekarar Tsaro na 'Yancin Negro a Birnin Chicago a shekarar 1915. Yana da ofishinsa na lauya a cikin Ginin Empire . 

A shekara ta 1924, ya lashe zaben fidda gwani na Jamhuriyar Republican na majalisar dokoki a gundumar Milwaukee ta shida, amma bai lashe zaben ba.

DeReef ya jagoranci babin Milwaukee na NAACP.  A cikin *Emancipation: The Making of the Black Lawyer, 1844-1944*, marubucin J. Clay Smith, Jr., ya kwatanta DeReef a matsayin "ƙarfin ci gaba a cikin al'umma" wanda "ya yi yaƙi don ci gaba da haƙƙin baƙar fata a Milwaukee." 

Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban kungiyar Columbia Building and Loan Association a Milwaukee kuma ya kasance darektan Milwaukeee Urban League . Ya zauna a 774 Hubbard Street . 

DeReef ya mutu a ranar 14 ga Agusta, 1937, a Milwaukee . 

## Manazarta