Hujjat Allah al-Baligha

***Hujjat Allah al-Baligha*** (Arabic) wani littafi ne na zamantakewar addinin Islama na ƙarni na 18 wanda Shah Waliullah Dehlawi ya rubutun. An yi la'akari da shi a matsayin babban aikinsa, aiki ne na musamman na irin sa, wanda ya haɗu da abubuwa na tarihi, falsafar, doka, tauhidin, da ilimin halayyar dan adam. Littafin yana neman bayyana ainihin manufofi da ma'anar dokokin Islama, al'adu, da al'adu ta hanyar haɗa hanyoyin asiri, masu ma'ana, da na rubutu. Shah Waliullah ya fassara Shari'a a matsayin saiti na umarnin Allah wanda ya dace da Yanayin ɗan adam da kuma fahimta. Ya kalli sake fasalin annabci a matsayin ƙoƙari na farkawa da kuma aiwatar da halin kirki da zamantakewar zamantakewa da ke cikin al'ummomin ɗan adam. Tsarin da tsarin aikin suna da kamanceceniya da al-Ghazali's The Revival of the Religious Sciences .

## Tarihi
*Hujjat Allah al-Baligha* ya buɗe da taƙaitaccen gabatarwa, sannan gabatarwa da Mabiyan sassan biyu. A cikin gabatarwar, marubucin ya jaddada muhimmancin hadith, wanda ya bayyana a matsayin tushen kimiyyar addini. Ya bayyana cewa a cikin kimiyyar Islama, mafi wuya, mai zurfi, kuma mai mahimmanci shine *hikmat al-tashri* (bincike na ainihin dalilai, hikima, da manufofi a bayan hukunce-hukuncen addini), kuma ya tabbatar da cewa fahimtar da amfani da al'amuran addini zai yiwu ne kawai ta hanyar wannan horo. Duk da yake maganganun Annabi, Abokan, da Mabi, tare da bayani a cikin ayyukan wasu malamai, suna ba da jagora kan hikmat al-tashri, akwai wasu ayyukan masu zaman kansu a kan batun. Shah Waliullah ya lura cewa samar da irin wannan aikin yana buƙatar ƙwarewar kimiyyar addini, da kuma iyawar ilimi, ikon bayyanawa, da gogewa. Bayan ya nuna shirye-shiryensa, ya ba da rahoton cewa wasu yanayi sun sa ya fara aikin, kuma, bisa ga shawarar abokinsa Muhammad Ashiq, ya fara rubuta shi. An yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta aya ta 149 na *[[Al-An'am]]*, wanda ya ƙunshi kalmar al-hujjatul-baligha (tabbacin hujja, wanda aka fassara shi azaman nuna tabbaci da isasshen jagorancin allahntaka), ya kira aikin *Hujjat Allah al-Baligha* .  Tsarin da hanyar littafin sun yi kama da The Revival of the Religious Sciences by al-Ghazali a cikin tsarin jigogi.[2]

An buga aikin sau da yawa: a cikin Bulaq Press (1284, 1286, 1294), Istanbul (1317, 1318, 1322, gami da tare da Al-Ghazali's The Revival of the Religious Sciences), Alkahira (1322, 1355), da Delhi (1953). Sayyid Sabik (Cairo) da Muhammad Sharif Sukkar (I-II, Beirut, 1410/1990) ne suka shirya shi, kodayake waɗannan bugu suna dauke da kurakurai. Rubutun da UbaiUbaidullah Sindhi sun bayyana a Lahore (1950). An fassara aikin zuwa harsuna da yawa, da farko Urdu, gami da fassarori daban-daban na Khalid A. Israili (a matsayin Ayat*Ayatullahil-Kamilah*), Abu Muhammad Abdul Haq Haqqani (Karachi), da Abdul Rahim (Lahore, ba tare da kwanan wata ba). Ali Genceli (Ankara, 1971) da Mehmet Erdogan (I-II, Istanbul, 1994), sun samar da fassarorin Turkiyya da cikakke, bi da bi. MarcMarcia Hermansen aikin zuwa Turanci a matsayin The Conclusive Argument from God (LeidLeiden). 

## Abun ciki
Sau da yawa ana kiranta misali na 'al'ummar tauhidi', littafin ya haɗa tarihi, falsafar, doka, tauhidin, da nazarin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam. Shah Waliullah ya kalli shari'a a matsayin jagororin allahntaka da suka dace da halayen ɗan adam. Ya bayyana sauye-sauyen annabci a matsayin tsari wanda za'a iya aiwatar da iyawar da ke cikin al'ummomin ɗan adam. Aikin yana nazarin alamomin gargajiya da ayyuka ta hanyar hada hanyoyin fassarar asiri, masu ma'ana, da na rubutu.

Littafin ya fara ne da gardamar Shah Waliullah cewa kowane hukunci na Allah yana da manufa. Ya bayyana cewa duka dalilai da wahayi suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar waɗannan dalilai, kuma ya kamata a yi fassarar ne kawai ta hanyar ƙwararrun malamai. An raba aikin zuwa manyan sassan biyu: ɗayan yana magana ne game da ka'idodin da ke ƙarƙashin dokokin Allah, ɗayan kuma yana magana ne akan hikimar da aka samu a cikin koyarwar Annabi.

A cikin sashi na farko, Shah Waliullah ya gabatar da ra'ayin cewa dokokin Allah suna bin tsari da manufar da za a iya kwatanta da wanda aka kiyaye a sararin samaniya. Ya tattauna dalilin da sakamako, lada da azabtarwa, da kuma alaƙar da ke tsakanin farin cikin ɗan adam, ɗabi'a, da tsarin zamantakewa. Ya kuma yi la'akari da yadda ake magance bukatun jiki da na ruhaniya a cikin jagorancin Allah.

Waliullah ya rarraba nagarta (birr) a matsayin mala'ika da mugunta (ism) a matsayin dabba. Ya jaddada Tawhid (abun Allah) a matsayin tsakiya ga nagarta da shirk (multhheism) a matsayin akasin haka. Aikin ya bayyana tunanin da ke bayan bauta, halayen allahntaka, da manyan ayyukan addini. Har ila yau, ya bayyana rawar da jagorancin annabci ke takawa wajen tsara rayuwar ɗan adam da ma'auni na sauƙi, aiki, da horo a cikin dokar Islama.

Littafin ya tattauna game da watsawa, rarrabuwa, da fassarar hadisi, da kuma bambance-bambance a cikin ra'ayoyin shari'a tsakanin malaman farko. Har ila yau, yana nazarin dalilin da ya sa Islama ta gabatar da sabbin hukunce-hukunce, gami da sake fasalin ko maye gurbin dokokin da suka gabata.

Sashe na biyu yana mai da hankali kan hikima a cikin koyarwar Annabi, yana rufe bangaskiya, bautar, ɗabi'a, da ihsan (mafi kyawun ruhaniya). Yana magana ne game da iyali, shugabanci, al'amuran tattalin arziki, da rayuwar yau da kullun. Shah Waliullah ya kammala ta hanyar sanya aikinsa a cikin al'adar ilimi mai zurfi na nazarin dalilan dokar allahntaka, yana ambaton mutane kamar al-Ghazali, Ibn Taymiyya, da Ibn Arabi.

## manazarta