open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Asa Festival

**Asa Festival**, wanda ake kira Agere a yankin, wani biki ne da ake gudanarwa a Ikorodu, Jihar Legas, Najeriya, wanda ke tallata gadon al’adar tafin-arara (stilt-walking) da wannan yanki ya shahara da ita. Ikorodu Division Rebirth Foundation (IREP) ke shirya bikin, tare da goyon bayan shugabannin al’umma, ciki har da Ayangburen na Ikorodu, Oba Kabiru Shotobi. Bikin yana kunshe da nunin al’adu iri-iri, ciki har da gabatar da littafin “Asa Arokolo”, wanda ke bayyana tarihin da muhimmancinsa.

Bikin ya ta'allaka ne akan Asa masquerade, wanda ya haɗa da masu wasan kwaikwayo suna tafiya a kan tsaunuka masu tsawo yayin da suke yin rawa da wasan kwaikwayo. An yi amfani da wannan a tarihi don nishaɗin jama'a, bukukuwan ruhaniya kuma a matsayin alama ce ta asalin al'umma. An fara gudanar da bikin ne a shekarar 2017, kuma Gwamnatin Jihar Legas ta amince da shi a wannan shekarar a matsayin daya daga cikin bukukuwan al'adu na shekara-shekara. IREP tana karkashin jagorancin Shugaban Mafi rinjaye na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Legas kuma wakilin mazabar Ikorodu I Sanai Agunbiade . 

## Manazarta
Ìṣẹ̀ṣe Day

**Ìṣẹ̀ṣe** **Day** (ko **Isese Day**) bikin al'adu da addini ne na shekara-shekara wanda masu bin Addinin gargajiya na Yoruba ke kiyayewa, da farko a kudu maso yammacin Najeriya. An sadaukar da ranar don girmama alloli na Yoruba da Orishas, da kuma adana al'adun mutanen Yoruba.

Kalmar Ìṣẹ̀ṣe na nufin “al’ada” a harshen Yarbanci. An kafa ranar Ìṣẹ̀ṣe a hukumance domin gane muhimmancinta da kuma kare da fito da bukatar ci gaba da adana al’adun Yarbawa a wannan zamani na yau. An fara ayyana bikin a matsayin hutun jama'a a Jihar Osun a watan Agustan 2014, a karkashin gwamnatin Gwamna Rauf Aregbesola. Tun daga wannan lokacin, wasu jihohin kudu maso yamma kamar su Lgas, Ogun, da Oyo  sun amince da ranar 20 ga watan Agusta a matsayin Ranar Isese, sau da yawa suna bayyana shi ranar da ba ta da aiki ga ma'aikatan gwamnati.  

An amince da ranar a hukumance a matsayin hutu na jama’a a wasu jihohin kudu maso yammacin Najeriya, kuma ana rufe ofisoshin gwamnati domin bai wa masu bin addinin damar yin bukukuwan ranar.

## Manazarta
Azeez Ladipo

**Azeez Ladipo**, an haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Maris, shekara ta 1987, ya kasance ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne daga Najeriya wanda ya buga wa  Ƙungiyar Rugby ta Ƙasar Najeriya (Stallions) a gasa da yawa tsakanin 2005 da 2019.

## Rayuwa da aiki
Azeez Ladipo mai wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma yana tashi rabin. Yayinda yake matashi, ya fara buga wa kungiyar Rugby Club ta Najeriya, Racing Rugby Club,   da Cowrie Rugby Club.  Daga baya, ya buga wa kungiyar Chicago Blaze Rugby Club a Amurka 

Azeez ya zaɓi ya mai da hankali kan kasuwanci da gudanar da wasanni bayan ya yi ritaya daga wasan rugby, kuma a cikin 2022 an nada shi Janar Manajan  na Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Rugby ta Najeriya (NRFF).

## Ƙarin karantawa
An haife shi kuma ya girma a Najeriya, Ladipo ya buga wasan rugby a matakin U14 na kungiyar Rugby ta Legas, inda Sir Martin Crawford, Yinka Marinho,  da Tunde Akerele suka horar da shi.  Daga baya, a matsayin matashi, ya ci gaba ta hanyar matsayi kuma ya fara bugawa kasarsa wasa a gasar cin kofin duniya ta Rugby ta 2005 da Senegal a Dakar da Kamaru a Legas. Kafin ya zauna a takaice tare da Chicago Blaze Rugby Club a Amurka, ya shiga Racing Rugby Club A 2005 da Cowrie Rugby Club

Shi ne kyaftin din tawagar kasa ta 7s da 15s na tsawon lokaci (2013-2019).  A shekara ta 2006, ya taimaka wa Najeriya ta lashe gasar Super 16 ta hanyar zira kwallaye 12 a wasan karshe, wanda ya taimaka musu su damu da wata kungiya mai karbar bakuncin, Togo, 12-11 kuma su cancanci shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka 1C (Confederation of Africa Rugby 3rd Division).  Ƙarin girmamawa sun haɗa da lashe farantin Dubai Sevens,  lashe gasar zakarun Legas da yawa,  da kuma gasar zakarar National League,  lashe gasar zarrawar Independence Rugby Sevens da yawa,  da kuma lashe lambobin zinare a bikin Wasannin Kasa, da sauransu.

An nada Ladipo a cikin Kwamitin Wasannin Wasannin Olympics na Najeriya a watan Yulin 2023. 

Yana da digiri na farko a cikin Gudanar da Jama'a daga Jami'ar Jihar Legas

## Manazarta
Nia Jones

**Nia Jones** (an haife ta a ranar 6 ga Afrilu 1992) ta kasance 'yar wasa ce wacce ta wakilci Wales a duniya a duka wasan kwallon kafa da kwallon kafa. Ta lashe lambar yabo ta FAW Young Player of the Year a shekarar 2011. An zabi ta ne don mujallar SportingWales da UWIC Rising Star Award a shekarar 2013.  A halin yanzu tana taka leda a kungiyar Firimiya ta Adran Swansea City .

## Farkon rayuwar mutum
An haifi Jones a Wrexham .  Bayan ta halarci makaranta a Ysgol Maes Garmon daga baya ta yi karatun Wasanni da PE a Jami'ar Wales Institute, Cardiff . 

## Ayyukan kwallon kafa na yanar gizo
Jones yana buga Netball a matsayin ko dai kare raga ko kare reshe. Ta fara aikinta a Mold Netball Club, kuma ta jagoranci kungiyoyin Welsh na kasa da shekaru 17 da kasa da shekaru 21. Ta kuma buga wa Manchester Thunder Youth da Junior Dragons wasa. Ta kuma kasance Co-Captain na Wales Senior Team . 

Ta kasance kyaftin din Celtic Dragons a kakar Super League ta 2019. 

A lokacin kakar 2021-2022 ta zama kyaftin din Celtic Dragons, kafin ta koma buga wa Leeds Rhinos wasa a kakar 2022-2023. A kakar 2023-2024 ta koma Cardiff Dragons  (wanda aka sake masa suna daga Celtic Dragons a watan Agustan 2023). 

Jones ya buga wa Welsh Feathers wasa, kuma ya kasance memba na tawagar a 2013 Netball Europe Open Championship inda suka lashe zinare. Ta kuma kasance daga cikin Team Wales a wasannin Commonwealth na 2014 da 2018. A shekara ta 2015, ba a zaba ta ba don ƙungiyar Netball World Cup saboda rikice-rikice tsakanin horar da netball da wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na duniya. A shekara ta 2017, an zaba ta don Celtic Flames, tana wasa a gasar Super Cup ta Duniya.

Ta kasance kyaftin din Welsh Feathers a lokacin gasar cin kofin duniya ta Netball ta 2023, wanda aka shirya a Afirka ta Kudu. 

A shekara ta 2024, bayan da Cardiff Dragons ta kasa sabunta kwantiraginta na kakar 2024-2025, ta yanke shawarar kada ta yi gwaji ga Welsh National Team, kuma daga baya ta sanar da ritayar ta daga wasan netball.

## Ayyukan kwallon kafa
Jones ta fara aikinta a Northop Hall Girls, kuma ta buga wa Wales wasa a matakin kasa da shekara 17, kasa da shekara 19 da kasa da shekara 21 kafin ta zira kwallaye a karon farko tana da shekaru 18, a matsayin mai maye gurbin a nasarar 8-1 a kan Bulgaria a shekarar 2010. 

Ta buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kulob din Cardiff City, kafin ta koma Reading a FAWSL a watan Yulin 2015.  Ta bar Reading lokacin da kwangilarta ta kare a shekarar 2016.Ta kuma buga wasanni da yawa a matakin kasa da kasa na Wales. Tun daga shekara ta 2018, Jones ya kasance masanin yau da kullun kuma mai ba da shawara a wasannin Welsh International a madadin BBC Sport Wales, bayan ya halarci gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA a Qatar.

A ranar 5 ga Satumba 2024, Jones ya sanya hannu a kulob din Adran Premier Swansea City a kan kwangilar kwararru don kakar wasa mai zuwa.

## Manazarta
Zac Williams (ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Welsh)

**Michael Isaac "Zac" Williams** (an haife shi 27 Maris 2004) ya kasance ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Welsh wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida na ƙungiyar Kilmarnock ta Scottish Premier League a aro daga ƙungiyar Crewe Alexandra ta EFL League Two . Shi dan wasan Wales ne na kasa da shekaru 21.

## Ayyukan kulob din

### Crewe Alexandra
Ya fara bugawa Crewe, yana da shekaru 17, a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba 2021 a wasan rukuni na EFL Trophy da Wolverhampton Wanderers 'yan kasa da shekara 21 a Gresty Road,  kafin ya fara bugawa a wasan da ya biyo baya, 2-0 a Bolton Wanderèrs.  Ya fara wasan farko a wasan Crewe na gaba, ya taimaka wa kungiyar zuwa nasarar 2-0 a kan Gillingham a Gresty Road a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba 2021,  sannan ya ji daɗin wasanni a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan wasan tsakiya na farko na Crewe har sai ya yi rashin lafiya a watan Janairun 2022. Ya koma aikin tawagar farko, ya zo a matsayin mai maye gurbin Travis Johnson a kan Portsmouth a Gresty Road, a ranar 8 ga Maris 2022.

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2022, Williams ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangila a Crewe .  Bayan wasanni 19 na farko a kakar wasa mai zuwa, Williams ya sha wahala daga tsagewa wanda da farko an yi tunanin zai iya mulkinsa daga aiki don sauran kakar. Koyaya, ya koma tawagar farko a ranar 29 ga Afrilu 2023, yana yin maye gurbin a nasarar Crewe ta 2-1 a kan Swindon Town a Gresty Road .  Williams ya zira kwallaye na farko na Crewe, a wasan 2-2 da ya yi da Swindon a County Ground, a ranar 12 ga watan Agusta 2023.

A farkon 2024, Williams ya rasa jerin wasanni bayan ya samu rauni a idon kafa wanda ke buƙatar magani mai tsawo. Ya koma horo na yau da kullun a ƙarshen Fabrairu 2024. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2024, Crewe ya haifar da wani sashi don tsawaita kwangilar Williams, 

A watan Yulin 2025 Crewe ya ba Williams sabon kwangila, wanda bai yarda da shi nan da nan ba. A watan Agustan shekara ta 2025 ya amince da sabon yarjejeniya tare da Crewe amma nan da nan ya tafi aro ga kungiyar Firimiya ta Scotland Kilmarnock . 

#### Kilmarnock (an ba da rancen)
A ranar 12 ga watan Agustan 2025, Williams ya koma Kilmarnock kan aro don kakar 2025-26. Ya fara bugawa Kilmarnock wasa a ranar 14 ga Satumba 2025 a wasan da aka yi da Celtic 2-1 a gasar Firimiya ta Scotland.

## Ayyukan kasa da kasa
Bayan ya lashe kwallo a kasa da shekaru 15 da 16, ya zama kyaftin din tawagar a karshen, ya buga wa Wales 'yan kasa da shekaru 18 a watan Maris na 2021 a kan Ingila kafin ya lashe kwalolo na biyu a kan wannan adawa a watan Satumba na wannan shekarar.

An kira Williams zuwa tawagar 'yan kasa da shekaru 19 ta Wales don gasar cin kofin Turai ta kasa da shekaru-19 ta 2022 da Georgia, Norway da Kosovo, kuma ya buga wasanni da suka gabata a watan Oktoba 2021.  Ya ci gaba da buga wasanni uku na kasa da shekaru 19, yana wasa a matsayin kyaftin din da Hungary  da Jamhuriyar Ireland,  kuma, bayan ya zo a matsayin mai maye gurbin Gibraltar,  a cikin 2023 UEFA European Under-19 Championship qualifiers a ranar 21, 24 da 27 ga Satumba 2022 bi da bi.

## Manazarta
Yin farautar tiger a Indiya

**Yin farautar tiger a [[Indiya]]** babbar barazana ce ga rayuwar tigers a India. Kusan damisar daji 3,000 sun tsira daga 100,000 a farkon karni na 20. Wannan raguwar ta samo asali ne sakamakon kashe damisa da ’yan mulkin mallaka da na Indiya suka yi, a lokacin mulkin Raj na Biritaniya, wanda ya ci gaba da bin ’yancin kan Indiya. Yawancin sauran samfurori 1,700 sune tigers na Bengal na Indiya. An fara yaba da aikin Tiger a matsayin babban nasara har sai an gano cewa ƙididdigar tiger ta farko ta kasance mai tsanani.

Yawancin sassan tiger sun ƙare a kasar Sin. inda fata ɗaya zai iya siyarwa don Rs. miliyan 6.5.

Adadin da aka yanke wa masu farauta kusan kashi huɗu ne.

## Sansar Chand
Mai farauta Sansar Chand ya yarda yana sayar da fatun tiger 470 da fatun damisa 2,130 ga abokan ciniki huɗu daga Nepal da Tibet. An kira shi "mai mulki wanda ke gudanar da babbar ƙungiyar cinikin namun daji a ƙasar". Ya kasance a cikin kasuwanci ba tare da kama shi ba har tsawon shekaru 40. Ya gudanar da kasuwancinsa daga Sadar Bazar na Delhi. An kira shi "Veerappan na Arewa".

An zarge shi da kawar da dukan Sariska Tiger Reserve tiger a shekara ta 2005 

A cikin 1991, wata ƙungiya da aka kama a Sawai Madhopur a Rajasthan ta amsa cewa sun yi masa farautar damisa 15 zuwa 18 sama da shekaru biyu. A watan Janairun 2005, wani hari da aka kai a yankin Chand's godown a Patel Nagar ya bayyana fatun damisa guda biyu, fatun damisa 28, damisa doki 14, kilogiram uku na farantan damisa, muƙamuƙi damisa 10 da 60 kg na damisa da tafukan damisa. A shekarar 1988, 'yan sanda sun kwace fatun maciji 25,800 daga hannunsa. Chand's wife Rani and son Akash were also arrested for wildlife trafficking. An kama Chand a yankin Patel Nagar New Delhi. 'Yan sandan Delhi sun kama shi bayan sun samu labarin cewa ya saba siyan jarida Rajasthan Patrika.&#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Dubi kuma

* Tiger # farauta ta kasuwanci da maganin gargajiya
* Gidan shakatawa na Gir Forest
* Yin farauta a Indiya

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Michael Raynes

**Michael Bernard Raynes** (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ya yi wasa a matsayin mai tsakiya.

## Ayyuka
An haife shi a Wythenshawe, Greater Manchester, Raynes ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mai horo a Stockport County .  Ya fara bugawa a wasan FA Cup na biyu na 2-1 a Swansea City a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2004, watanni biyu bayan ranar haihuwarsa ta 17, kuma ya zama na yau da kullun a cikin tawagar farko a lokacin rabi na biyu na kakar 2004-05. A ƙarshen kakar 2007-08, ya buga wasanni sama da 90 a gasar zakarun Turai da kofin Stockport. Ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangila a watan Janairun 2008, inda ya ci gaba da kasancewa a Stockport har zuwa 2010. 

Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru 2 + 1⁄2 tare da Scunthorpe United a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 2010, don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba. 

Ya shiga Rotherham United amma kulob din ya sanya shi a cikin watan Mayu na shekara ta 2012,  kuma ya bar shi da yardar juna daga baya a wannan watan. 

Ya sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da Oxford United a ranar 11 ga Yulin 2012. 

A ƙarshen kakar 2014-15 Mansfield Town ta saki Raynes bayan ya buga wasanni kaɗan ga kulob din tun lokacin da ya shiga a watan Janairun 2015.  Koyaya, bai kasance wakilin kyauta ba har sai a ranar 20 ga Mayu 2015 Raynes ya sanya hannu ta Carlisle United ta hanyar kocin Keith Curle kan kwangilar shekara guda. Raynes ya rushe gida a cikin nasara 3-2 a gida a kan masu gwagwarmayar League Two Yeovil Town a watan Oktoba.

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2017, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da Crewe Alexandra, bayan ya ƙi sabon tayin a Brunton Park .  Da yake wasa da Carlisle a ranar 23 ga Satumba 2017, Raynes ya ba da fansa kuma ya zira kwallaye yayin da tsohon tawagarsa ta ci 5-0. A ranar 17 ga Oktoba 2017, ya zira kwallaye na farko ga Crewe, a Gresty Road a kan Notts County,  amma an kore shi a wasan da ya biyo baya, Accrington Stanley ya ci shi. 

A watan Janairun 2019, bayan wasanni shida na farko a kakar wasa ta biyu a Crewe, Hartlepool United ta sanya hannu a kan aro har zuwa karshen kakar. Raynes ya buga wasanni uku kawai bayan Hartlepool bayan ya mutu sakamakon rauni bayan 1-1 draw tare da Leyton Orient a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 2019. A ƙarshen kakar 2018-19, Crewe ta saki Raynes,  kuma bayan ya yi isasshen burgewa a cikin ɗan gajeren rancensa, ya sanya hannu ga Hartlepool na dindindin a ranar 23 ga Mayu 2019.  An saki Raynes a ƙarshen kakar 2019-20.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Ya sauke karatu daga Jami'ar Metropolitan a watan Yuli 2016 tare da digiri na farko a Kimiyyar Wasanni.

## Manazarta
Thariode

*Thariode fim ne na shirin fim na harshen Malayalam na 2021 wanda Nirmal Baby Varghese ya jagoranta game da tarihin hakar zinare a Thariyode da tasirinsa ga muhalli. Fim din ya mayar da hankali kan sauran wuraren hakar gwal na Malabar a karni na 19*. Fim din ya hada da ganawa da mutane kamar su masana tarihi K. K. N. Kurup, Mundakkayam Gopi, O K Johnny, da sauran 'yan asalin ƙasar. Fim din da Baby Chaithanya ya samar kuma Aliyar ya ba da labari.

## Makirci
Thariode, ya ba da labarin hakar zinariya a Thariyode, ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin biranen Yankin Malabar, doguwar bakin teku a kudu maso yammacin Yankin Indiya. Fim din kuma ya nuna tarihin hakar zinariya a wasu yankuna na Malabar (Thalappuzha, Devala, Nilagiri, Nilambur da Chaliyar)  a lokacin karni na 19. Fim din ya yi nazari kan tasirin da hakar gwal - har yanzu daya daga cikin masana'antu mafi ƙazanta a duniya - ya haifar da ci gaban ƙasa, rayuwar gida da kuma tasirin muhalli ga yanayi da ƙasa. Fim din ya kuma yi bayani kan yuwuwar hakar zinare a garin Thariode a halin yanzu, wanda aka kwashe domin samar da tafki na madatsar ruwan Banasura Sagar.

## Sauti
Mawallafin asalin asalin ya ƙunshi mawaƙin Burtaniya Owain Hoskins . 

## Saki
Fim din ya fara yawo a dandalin OTT na Amurka Diverse Cinema daga 11 Yuni 2022. An fara yawo a kan Amazon Prime Video daga 23 ga Satumba 2022. Hakanan yana samuwa don yawo a kan Plex TV .  An ɗora fim din a ranar 29 ga Satumba 2024 a tashar YouTube ta Casablanca Film Factory.

## Kyaututtuka da yabo

### Kyaututtuka

### Zaɓin hukuma na bikin fina-finai

## Sakewa
A ranar 28 ga Yuni 2019, darekta Nirmal ya ba da sanarwar almara na Thariode, wanda ke yin tauraron dan wasan Bature-Birtaniya Bill Hutchens.Sake yin fim ɗin mai taken "Thariode: The Lost City", sannan kuma taurari Roger Ward, Luing Andrews, Alexx O'Nell, Courtney Sanello, Amelie Leroy, da Brendan Byrne a cikin ayyukan tallafawa.

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin fina-finai na Indiya
* Jerin fina-finai

## Bayanan da aka ambata

## Haɗin waje

*
Joel Taylor (mai wasan ƙwallon ƙafa)

**Joel Paul Antonio Taylor** (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1996) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin hagu na kulob din Hednesford Town na Premier League .

## Ayyuka

### Birnin Stoke
Taylor ya fara aikinsa a Stoke City inda ya ci gaba ta hanyar Kwalejin su kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar kwararru a shekarar 2014.  Taylor ya shiga kungiyar Rochdale ta League One a kan aro a watan Janairun 2017. Ya fara buga wasan kwallon kafa a ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairun 2017 a kan Bristol Rovers .  Stoke ta sake shi a ƙarshen kakar 2016-17. 

### Kidderminster
Taylor ya shiga Kidderminster Harriers a watan Yunin 2017. A ranar 4 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2018, an ba da rancen Taylor ga Garin Halesowen har zuwa 5 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2019.  Daga baya aka tsawaita yarjejeniyar har wata daya. Ya koma Kidderminster a ranar 8 ga Fabrairu 2019. 

### Chester
A ranar 21 ga Mayu 2019, Chester ya tabbatar da sanya hannu kan Taylor kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda.

### Chesterfield
A ranar 8 ga watan Disamba 2020, Taylor ta shiga Chesterfield don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba. Ya fara bugawa daga baya a wannan rana, a cikin nasara 1-0 a kan Sutton United.

### Gundumar Notts
A ranar 13 ga watan Yulin 2021, Taylor ta shiga kungiyar Chesterfield ta Notts County kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu, ta sanya hannu kan kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba.

A ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 2022, Taylor ta shiga Dagenham & Redbridge kan yarjejeniyar aro na watanni biyu.

A ranar 13 ga Maris 2023, Taylor ya bar Notts County bayan an dakatar da kwangilarsa ta hanyar yardar juna.

### Wealdstone
The day after his release from Notts County, Taylor joined National League play-off hopefuls Wealdstone. Taylor was released by Wealdstone at the end of the 2022-2023 season.

### Chester
A ranar 30 ga Mayu 2023, an ba da sanarwar cewa Taylor za ta koma Chester kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda.

### Birnin Hednesford
A ranar 27 ga Mayu 2024, Taylor ta shiga kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Arewacin Premier League Division One West . 

## Daraja
**Birnin Hednesford**

* Wasanni na Arewacin Premier League Division One West: 2025 

## Kididdigar aiki

## Manazarta
Harshen Sorabe

ko **Tsoro-be** (سُرَبِ, furcin Malagasy: [suˈrabe]) abjad ne wanda ya dogara da Larabci, wanda aka yi amfani da shi don fassara Harshen Malagasy (na dangin harshen Malayo-Polynesian) da kuma yaren Antemoro Malagasy, wanda ya fara daga karni na 15. 

## Tarihi
Masu bincike har yanzu suna yin la'akari game da asalin haruffa na Sorabe. "Sorabe" a zahiri yana nufin "babban rubuce-rubuce" daga Larabci "sura" (rubuce-rufe) da Malagasy "zama" (babban). Wannan ƙungiya na iya nuna kasancewar tsarin rubuce-rubuce na baya tare da ƙananan haruffa na asalin Sanskrit da aka yi amfani da su a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya kamar yadda aka tabbatar a wasu kalmomin Malagasy.

A al'ada, masu bincike sun yi hasashen cewa an gabatar da wannan tsarin rubutu ta hanyar hulɗar kasuwanci na Malagasy tare da Musulmai Larabawa. Koyaya, binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya yi iƙirarin cewa Musulmai na Javanese ne suka gabatar da wannan tsarin rubutu. Akwai kamanceceniya mai ban mamaki tsakanin "Sorabe" da "Pegon script", wanda shine bambancin Javanese na rubutun Larabci.

Tsofaffin litattafai ɗari biyu da aka rubuta a cikin haruffan Sorabe sun wanzu har wa yau, kodayake mafi tsufan rubutun hannu ba a riga an rubuta shi ba kafin ƙarni na 17.  Waɗancan "Sorabe" an ɗaure su da fata kuma an sanya wa rubutun sunayen launin fata. Yawancin rubutun sun ƙunshi dabarun sihiri, amma akwai kuma wasu rubutun tarihi game da asalin wasu kabilun kudu maso gabashin tsibirin Madagascar . Wadannan asali sun samo asali ne daga Makka ko kuma Annabi Muhammad ko da yake ba a ga aikin Musulunci a cikin nassosi ba.

## Harshen haruffa
Pegon yana amfani da haruffa na asali na Rubutun Larabci. Ba kamar harsuna da yawa da suka karɓi rubutun Larabci ba, ba a ƙirƙiri sabbin haruffa a cikin rubutun Sorabe don yin shi ya dace da ilimin sauti na Malagasy. Koyaya, don a zahiri ya dace da ilimin sauti na Malagasy, an yi amfani da wasu hanyoyi guda biyu a cikin rubuce-rubuce.

Da farko, an yi amfani da shadda diacritic, wanda aikinsa na asali a cikin Larabci shine gemination, a matsayin hanyar bayyana kusanci na ma'anar pre-nasal, [ndr] da [tr] ana bayyana su azaman sauti mai sauti [r] (رّ),  [mp] ana bayyana shi da sauti mai sauti (f] (ّ ː ː ]][f]  

Wata  ita ce amfani da haruffa Larabci a hanyoyi daban-daban daga sau Larabci. Misali, yayin da harafin Larabci Ṭāʾ an daidaita shi da maɓallin da ke ƙasa don wakiltar [t], harafin tāʼ (ت), yawanci yana da sauti [t], ana amfani da shi don sautunan [ts]. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da harafin ʿayn (), yawanci yana da sautin ƙashi ko sautin ƙwayoyin cuta [ʔ / ː] dangane da harshe, don wakiltar sautin hanci na murya [ŋ] (ng). Ya cancanci a ambaci cewa a cikin rubutun Pegon da Jawi na Duniyar Malay, ana wakiltar wannan sauti tare da wasikar ʿayn, an gyara shi da dots 3 (ڠ)     

Kamar rubutun Pegon (a tarihi, ba a cikin tarurruka na zamani ba) daga Indonesia da Rubutun Ajami daga Afirka, kawai ana wakiltar su da haruffa, amma duk wasula an rubuta su, a cikin nau'ikan diacritics na Larabci. Ba tare da alamomi ba, karatun daidai ba zai yiwu ba. Misali, kalmar او na iya nufin tuber (اُوِ , ƙwai) ko "wasu waɗanda suka zo" (اَوِ , avy).

## Manazarta
Nathan Wigg

**Nathan Marlow Wigg** (an haife shi 27 Satumba 1974) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Welsh. Ya fara sana'arsa ta sana'a tare da Cardiff City, inda ya buga wasanni sama da hamsin a gasar kwallon kafa ta kulob din, kafin ya buga wa kungiyoyi da yawa da ba na league ba da kuma Welsh Premier League.

## Ayyuka
An haife shi a Newport, Wigg ya fara aikinsa a cikin tsarin matasa na Cwmbrân Town kafin ya shiga Cardiff City bayan ya burge kocin Eddie Mayu. Ya fara aikinsa na farko a lokacin 2-2 tare da Brighton & Hove Albion a watan Agustan 1993 a matsayin mai maye gurbin Derek Brazil. Ya ci gaba da buga wasanni sama da 50 a gasar kwallon kafa ta Cardiff kafin a sake shi a shekarar 1996.

Bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da Merthyr Tydfil,  Wigg ya shiga ƙungiyar Dundalk na Irish wanda Eddie May ya sarrafa.  Duk da haka, Mayu ya bar kulob din kafin farkon kakar 1997-98 kuma Jim McLaughlin ya maye gurbinsa.  Bayan kasa da watanni uku tare da Dundalk, ya bar kulob din a watan Nuwamba 1997 bayan an soke kwangilarsa ta hanyar yarda da juna.  A maimakon haka ya koma Wales kuma ya buga sauran kakar wasa tare da kungiyar Premier League ta Welsh Ebbw Vale kafin ya shiga kulob na National Forest Green Rovers a 1998.  Ya shafe kakar wasa daya tare da Forest Green, ya buga wasanni 41 a duk gasa kuma ya kai wasan karshe na Kofin FA .  

Bayan ya kwashe kakar 1999-2000 a Gloucester City,  ya koma Cwmbrân Town a cikin Welsh Premier League inda ya kwashe yanayi uku kafin ya yi wasa tare da Port Talbot Town da Llanelli.  A shekara ta 2008, Wigg ya yi ritaya daga kwallon kafa bayan ya sha wahala daga ci gaba da raunin gwiwa da maraƙin a lokacin da yake tare da Risca United. Bayan da aka yi masa binciken kafa, an bayyana gwiwar Wigg kamar yadda "zai iya kasancewa cikin hadarin mota". Ya zauna tare da Risca a matsayin mataimakin manajan Jeff Eckhardt .

## Manazarta
Grant Smith (ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, an haife shi a shekara ta 1993)

**Grant Ashley Smith** (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta 1993) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin Mai tsaron gida na ƙungiyar Bromley ta EFL League Two .

## Ayyuka
Smith ya fara aikinsa yana wasa a cikin tsarin matasa na Eldon Celtic kafin ya shiga makarantar Karatu a 2007, kafin ya koma Fulham.  Bayan ya kwashe shekaru biyu tare da Fulham, Smith ya shiga ƙungiyar ci gaba a Brighton & Hove Albion a watan Satumbar 2012, ya amince da tsawaita kwangilar shekara guda a watan Mayu 2013.  Ya shiga Bognor Regis Town a watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2014. A watan Mayu 2014 Brighton & Hove Albion ne suka sake shi. Ya shiga Hayes &amp;amp; Yeading United a watan Satumbar 2014,  kafin ya koma Farnborough wata daya bayan haka.  Koyaya, bayan bayyanar sau uku kawai, Smith ya koma Hayes & Yeading United a ƙarshen Oktoba 

A kakar 2015-16 ya ga karo na biyu tare da Bognor Regis Town inda ya kasance a cikin nasarar kulob din wanda ya hada da gudu zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe na FA Trophy; Kokarin Smith ya gan shi mai suna Fans' Player of the Year amma nisan tafiya daga gidansa na Reading ya gan shi ya zaba ya bar kulob din a ƙarshen kakar  kuma ya shiga Boreham Wood,  

Smith ya sanya hannu ga Lincoln City a watan Yunin 2018. Ya fara aikinsa na farko a ranar 14 ga watan Agusta 2018, a gasar cin Kofin EFL. Ya sanya hannu kan aro ga Maidstone United a watan Oktoba 2018,  amma an tuno da shi a ranar 4 ga Disamba 2018.  A ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2020 ya koma Boreham Wood a kan aro don sauran kakar 2019/20. A ranar 28 ga Mayu 2020, an sanar da cewa Smith zai bar kulob din a ƙarshen kwangilarsa ta yanzu.

A ranar 24 ga Oktoba 2020, Smith ya shiga Wealdstone .  Kasa da wata daya bayan haka aka saki Smith yayin da Wealdstone ya yi ƙoƙari ya daidaita littattafan a lokacin annobar COVID-19. 

A watan Janairun 2021, Smith ya sanya hannu a kan 'yar'uwarsa ta National League Chesterfield .  Asalinsa ne kawai a kan kwangilar gajeren lokaci, Smith ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar tsawaitawa a watan Afrilu na 2021 wanda zai ci gaba da kasancewa a kulob din har zuwa lokacin rani na 2022. Smith ya bar kulob din ta hanyar yardar juna a ranar 18 ga Yuni 2021.

A ranar 23 ga watan Yunin 2021, Smith ya shiga kungiyar Yeovil Town ta National League kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda. Smith ya haifar da tsawaita kwantiraginsa a ƙarshen kakar 2021-22. A ƙarshen kakar 2022-23, Yeovil ya saki Smith bayan da kulob din ya koma baya daga National League . 

A ranar 4 ga Yulin 2023, Smith ya koma Kungiyar Kasa tare da Bromley .  A ranar 5 ga Mayu 2024, ya ceci hukuncin kisa biyu yayin da Bromley ya ci Solihull Moors a kan hukuncin kisa don samun ci gaba zuwa Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Ingila a karo na farko a tarihin kulob din.

## Kididdigar aiki

## Manazarta
Doxycycline

**Doxycycline** maganin rigakafi ne da ake amfani da shi wajen magance cututtukan da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta da wasu kwayar cuta. Ana amfani dashi don magance cutar huhu ta ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin daji, cututtukan chlamydia, Cutar Lyme ta farko, kwalara, typhus, da syphilis. Hakanan ana amfani dashi don hana zazzabin cizon sauro kuma a hade tare da quinine, don magance zazzabin sauro. Ana iya shan Doxycycline ta baki ko ta hanyar allura a cikin jijiya.

Sakamakon cututtuka na yau da kullun sun haɗa da zawo, ƙishirwa, amai, da ƙaruwar haɗarin ƙonewa. Akwai damuwa a cikin farkon watanni uku na ciki ko a cikin yara ƙanana na iya haifar da lalacewar hakora na dindindin. Kodayake a cikin yara wannan ba ya faruwa tare da allurai na al'ada. Amfani da shi yayin shayarwa mai yiwuwa ne lafiya. Doxycycline maganin rigakafi ne mai yawa, na ajin tetracycline. Kamar sauran wakilai na wannan aji, ko dai yana jinkirta ko kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar hana samar da furotin. Yana kashe zazzabin cizon sauro ta hanyar yin niyya ga wani plastid organelle, apicoplast.

An ba da izinin Doxycycline a shekara ta 1957 kuma ya shiga amfani da kasuwanci a shekara ta 1967.   Yana cikin Jerin Magunguna Masu Muhimmanci na Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya. Doxycycline yana samuwa a matsayin magani na yau da kullun kuma gabaɗaya ba shi da tsada. Kudin da aka kashe a kasashe masu tasowa yana tsakanin US $ 0.01 da US $ 0.04 a kowace kwayar cuta. A Amurka, kwanaki goma na magani yana da tsada mai yawa na kimanin US $ 3.40 tun daga shekarar 2019. Koyaya, a cikin 2014, saboda matsalolin samarwa, ana sayar da shi kusan US $ 60-200 don wannan adadin. A cikin 2017, ita ce magani na 113 da aka fi rubuta a Amurka, tare da fiye da magunguna miliyan shida.

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Eric Edem Agbana

**Eric Edem Agbana** ɗan siyasan ƙasar Ghana ne kuma ɗan majalisa (MP) mai wakiltar Ketu ta Arewa tun ranar 7 ga Janairun shekarar 2025.  

## Sana'a
Ya kuma fara aikinsa na jagoranci a matsayin shugaban majalisar wakilai ta ɗalibai (SRC) na Jami'ar Ghana a shekarar 2013. 

Ya kuma kasance mataimakin mai shirya matasa na ƙasa na National Democratic Congress kafin gabatar da ƙudirinsa na tsayawa takarar kujerar a Ketu ta Arewa.  Ya lashe zaɓen fidda gwani na mazaɓar Ketu ta Arewa da ƙuri'a a watan Mayu shekarar 2023.  Shi mamba ne a kwamitin ilimi kuma memba a kwamitin asusun gwamnati. 

## Manazarta
Abdul Qayyum Khan Jatoi

**Abdul Qayyum Khan Jatoi** ɗan siyasan Pakistan ne wanda ya kasance memba na Majalisar Dokokin Pakistan daga 2002 zuwa 2013.

Shi ne shugaban kabilar Jatoi

## Harkokin siyasa
Ya shiga Jam'iyyar Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) a cikin shekarun 1990.

An Zaɓe shi a Majalisar Dokokin Ƙasa ta Pakistan daga Mazaɓar NA-180 (Muzaffargarh-V)  a matsayin ɗan takarar PPP a Babban Zaɓen Pakistan na 2002. Ya samu kuri'u 69,653 kuma ya ci Sardar Ashiq Hussain . A cikin wannan Zaɓen, ya tsaya takarar kujerar Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa daga Mazaɓar NA-179 (Muzaffargarh-IV)  a matsayin ɗan takarar PPP amma bai yi nasara ba. Ya samu kuri'u 38,589 kuma ya rasa kujerar ga Syed Basit Sultan Bukhari . 

A shekara ta 2005, ya zama nazim na gundumar Muzaffargarh . 

An sake zaɓarsa a Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa daga Mazaɓar NA-180 (Muzaffargarh-V) a matsayin ɗan takarar PPP a Babban Zaɓen Pakistan na 2008. Ya samu kuri'u 68,270 kuma ya ci Sardar Ashiq Hussai . A cikin wannan Zaɓen, an Zaɓe shi a Majalisar lardin Punjab daga Mazaɓar PP-258 (Muzaffargarh-VIII)  a matsayin ɗan takarar PPP. Ya samu kuri'u 26,756 kuma Aoun Raza Gopang ya ci nasara. Ya bar kujerar Majalisar Punjab. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2008, an shigar da shi cikin majalisar ministocin tarayya na Firayim Minista Yousaf Raza Gillani kuma an sanya shi Ministan Tsaro na Tarayya. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Tsaro har zuwa lokacin da ya yi murabus a shekara ta 2010.

Ya yi takara a matsayin ɗan majalisa na Ƙasa daga Mazaɓar NA-180 (Muzaffargarh-V) a matsayin ɗan takarar PPP a Babban Zaɓen Pakistan na 2013 amma bai yi nasara ba. Ya samu kuri'u 41,548 kuma ya rasa kujerar ga Sardar Ashiq Hussain . 

A watan Yunin 2018, ya bar jam'iyyar PPP.

## Manazarta
Dopamine

**Dopamine**, wanda ake siyarwa a ƙarƙashin sunan **Intropin** da sauransu, magani ne da aka fi amfani da shi wajen magance matsin jini, jinkirin bugun zuciya wanda ke haifar da alamomi, kuma, idan ba a samun epinephrine ba, dakatarwar zuciya. A cikin jarirai da aka haifa ya ci gaba da zama magani da aka fi so don ƙarancin hawan jini. A cikin yara ana fi son epinephrine ko norepinephrine yayin da a cikin manya ana fi son norepinefrine don ƙananan hawan jini. Ana ba da shi ta hanyar jijiyan jini ko intraosseously a matsayin ci gaba da ruwa. Tasirin yawanci yakan fara ne a cikin minti biyar. Ana ƙara yawan su don yin tasiri.

Sakamakon cututtuka na yau da kullun sun haɗa da kara aikin koda, bugun zuciya mara kyau, ciwon kirji, amai, ciwon kai, ko damuwa. Idan ya shiga cikin nama mai laushi a kusa da jijiya gida mutuwa na iya faruwa. Ana iya ba da maganin phentolamine don ƙoƙarin rage wannan haɗarin. Ba a san ko dopamine yana da aminci don amfani da shi a lokacin daukar ciki ko shayarwa ba. A ƙananan allurai dopamine galibi yana haifar da Masu karɓar dopamine da masu karɓa na β1-adrenergic yayin da a manyan allurai yana aiki ta hanyar Masu karɓar α-adrenergic.

An fara hada Dopamine a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje a cikin 1910 ta hanyar George Barger da James Ewens a Ingila. Yana cikin Jerin Magunguna Masu Muhimmanci na Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya. Kudin da aka kashe a kasashe masu tasowa na akwati na 400mg yana tsakanin $ 0.28 da $ 0.60 (USD) tun daga shekarar 2014. &nbsp;A cikin ilimin lissafin ɗan adam Neurotransmitter)" id="mwcw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Dopamine (neurotransmitter)">dopamine ne neurotransmitter da kuma hormone.

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Littafin Tattaunawar Larabci-Farisa-Hellenanci-Serbian

## Tarihi
**An halicci aikin a Sublime Porte** . Babu takamaiman shekarar da aka buga, amma ana ganin cewa an ƙirƙiri littafin ne a lokacin da buƙatun Sarkin Musulmi Mehmed na biyu da 'ya'yansa maza. 

## Ra'ayi
Taken da aka buga a shafi na farko na wannan ƙamus shine "Lugat-i farisî, arabi ve rûmî ve sirb", wanda a fassara yake nufin "Kamus ɗin Larabci-Farisiya-Greek-Serbian". Ya ƙunshi rubuce-rubucen hannu guda biyu waɗanda aka ajiye a yau a ɗakin karatu na gidan kayan tarihi na Hagia Sophia da ke Istanbul . Duk da manyan kamanceceniya, ba su kasance iri ɗaya ba, musamman ma sashin Slavic na rubutu yana da bambanci sosai a cikinsu, saboda masu fassara su na cikin yaruka daban-daban guda biyu; A daya shi ne Shtokavian-Ijekavian, da kuma a cikin sauran shi ne Shtokavian-Ekavian . [1]

Asalin rubutun littafin da larabci yake . Kowane layi na Larabci yana biye da fassararsa zuwa Persian, Girkanci da Serbia . An rubuta rubutun Larabci da baki mai ƙarfi, a ƙasansa, da ƙananan haruffa, cikin Farisa, ja, Girkanci da kore da Serbian da lemu. Cikakken rubutun an rubuta shi cikin rubutun Larabci ( Aljamiado ). 

An tsara littafin karatun ne ta hanyar tattaunawa tsakanin mutane biyu, inda tambayoyi da amsoshi suka saba. 

Rubutun littafin ya kasu kashi-kashi kamar: ciniki, wajibcin yara zuwa ga iyayensu da malamansu, karatun Alqur'ani, ziyartar masallaci, tambayoyi game da asali da kuma zama na interlocutor, yanayi, aiki a gonar inabi, aiki a cikin gonaki. 

## Manazarta
Joss Labadie

**Joss Christopher Labadie** (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1990) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan wasan tsakiya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Premier League .

## Ayyuka

### Farkon aiki
An haife shi a Croydon, Labadie ya fara aikin kwallon kafa tare da West Bromwich Albion . Ya shiga makarantarsu a shekara ta 2006 bayan an hango shi yana wasa a Kwalejin Wasanni ta Barking Abbey kuma an gayyace shi don gwaji. A cikin kakar 2007-08, ya buga wasanni 19 ga Ƙungiyar ajiya Albion, inda ya zira kwallaye sau uku. Wannan ya ba shi kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a lokacin rani na shekara ta 2008, a kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda tare da zaɓi na kakar wasa ta biyu.&nbsp;

Kafin ya sami damar shiga cikin ƙungiyar farko ta Albion, an tura shi aro zuwa kungiyar League Two ta Shrewsbury Town a ranar 1 ga Janairun 2009.  Ya buga wa Shrewsbury wasa kwana biyu bayan haka a wasan league da Bradford City a Valley Parade, a wasan da ya ƙare 0-0. Daga baya ya karye ƙafarsa a horo kuma ya koma West Brom kasa da mako guda bayan ya bar kulob din. Ya koma Shrewsbury a kan rance wata na farko a ranar 3 ga watan Agusta. Ya fara fitowa a kakar 2009-10 a cikin nasarar 3-1 a kan Burton Albion, a lokacin da ya zira kwallaye kyauta daga yadudduka 30. Bayan ya tsawaita rancensa har zuwa Janairu, Labadie ya zira kwallaye a ranar 12 ga Satumba 2009, a cikin nasarar 2-0 a kan Crewe Alexandra. Bayan ya kara karin kwallaye uku a kan Northampton Town, Cheltenham Town da Morecambe, inda aka kore shi a lokacin wasan, Labadie ya koma West Brom a watan Nuwamba, tare da kocin Shrewsbury Paul Simpson yana cewa, "Na yi takaici da halin da yake ciki na baya-bayan nan".&nbsp;

Daga baya a wannan shekarar, Labadie ya sake samun rance a League Two, a wannan lokacin tare da Cheltenham Town .  Ya fara wasan farko na Cheltenham Town a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba 2009, inda ya fara dukkan wasan, a cikin asarar 1-0 a kan Morecambe. Kadan daga cikin wasannin farko sun jagoranci Labadie don a tsawaita rancensa a lokuta biyu, har zuwa Fabrairu. Ya buga wasanni goma sha ɗaya a kungiyar kafin ya koma kulob din iyayensa a watan Fabrairu.

West Brom ta saki Labadie a ranar 14 ga Mayu 2010. 

A ranar 22 ga Mayu 2025, Labadie ya shiga sabuwar kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Arewa.

## Kididdigar aiki

## Manazarta
Asas al-Balagha

**Asās al-Balāghah** ("The Foundation of Eloquence")  thesaurus ne kuma ƙamus na magana ta alama ( *Ilm al-Bayan* ), reshe ne a cikin lafazin larabci wanda Al-Zamakhshari ya rubuta.   Zamakhshari ya rubuta aikin, a wani bangare, don daidaita abin da yake kallo a matsayin mu'ujiza na Kur'ani da ra'ayinsa na tauhidi. 

Sanannen kamar farkon ƙamus na Larabci cikakke na haruffa, [1] kuma ƙari ga abin da ke cikin misalan Zamakhshari ya haɗa da ma'anoninsa na zahiri. [2] Tsarin Zamakhshari ya jera kalmomi a cikin jeri na haruffa bisa ga ɓangaren farko na baƙaƙe masu tsattsauran ra'ayi zuwa na ƙarshe. Ya keɓance sifofi masu sarƙaƙƙiya da waɗanda ba safai ba, irin su quadrilaterals da quntilaterals. [3] Manufar Zamakhshari ita ce lissafta ma’anoni na zahiri da na zahiri na kalmomin Larabci, kuma ya yi amfani da misalai daga Alkur’ani da hadisi ga duka biyun. [3] Ya ɗauki kalmomi kusan a matsayin rayayyun halittu waɗanda aka ba da rai ta yadda ake amfani da su a cikin magana. [4]

## Manazarta
Al Qanat

**Al Qanat** ( mai zaman kanta a cikin Ingilishi) kafar yada labarai ce ta intanet wacce ke zaune a Beirut, Lebanon. [1] Yana ba da labarai na masu kallo a cikin Larabci kawai.

## Manazarta
Al-Maktaba al-Shamela

**Al-Maktaba al-Shamela** ( Arabic         ) ko kuma ba da jimawa ba **Shamila Library** shine software na kwamfuta da gidan yanar gizo na Larabci na dijital wanda aka fara ƙaddamar da shi a cikin Afrilu 2005. Masu amfani za su iya karanta littattafai sama da ɗari da aka ƙirƙira a cikin harshen Larabci. An kuma sanya ɗakin karatu na dijital ya zama aikace-aikace don na'urorin Android da iOS .

## Tarihi
An fito da sigar farko ta Al-Maktaba Al-Shamela a watan Afrilun 2005 ba tare da ikon masu amfani da su don loda littafai na dijital zuwa ɗakin karatu ba. [1] An dade ana kiransa da Al-Mawsu'at Al-Shamela ( The Comprehensive Encyclopedia ) kuma wani memba ne na dandalin intanet wanda aka sadaukar domin mabiya addinin Ahlul-Hadith . [2] Sa'an nan a cikin Janairu 2006, wani sabon sabuntawa ya fito da damar share littattafai ko ƙara zuwa dakunan karatu. A cikin 2008, an ƙara fasali don sauƙin yin kwafin littattafai zuwa tsarin dijital. [1]

An ƙaddamar da gidan yanar gizon hukuma na Al-Maktaba Al-Shamela a cikin 2012, don masu amfani waɗanda ke da niyyar karanta littattafai ba tare da zazzage komai a na'urorinsu ba.   A daidai wannan lokacin, an fitar da tashar jiragen ruwa ta wayar hannu don na'urorin Android da iOS . Gidan yanar gizon ya sami goyon baya daga jami'an gwamnatin Riyadh a cikin 2012 kuma.  

## Siffofin gidan yanar gizon
Ana iya karanta littattafan da aka ƙirƙira kuma a kwafi wasu ɓangarorin daga cikinsu akan layi, ba tare da buƙatar zazzage wani ƙarin software ba.   Gidan yanar gizon kuma yana da aikin bincike kamar yadda marubucin wani littafi ya rubuta.   Bayanin kowane littafi kuma zai kasance yana da bayanin marubucin, mawallafi, wurin da kuma shekarar da aka buga, da kuma mai nuna ko shafukan littafin sun yi daidai da sigar asali na hardcopy. Misali, rubutun al-Iklil da aka gani a nan yana da alamar cewa shafukan suna cikin tsari amma ba a daidaita su kamar yadda aka buga ba; yayin da littafin al-Awa’il da aka gani a nan yana da nuni da cewa lambobin shafi suna cikin tsari kuma sun yi daidai da ainihin bugu na littafin. 

## Abubuwan da ke ciki
Duk littattafan da ke cikin Al-Maktaba Al-Shamela suna cikin harshen Larabci .   Babban manufar gidan yanar gizon ita ce samar da masu bincike da ɗaliban ilimin abubuwan da suke buƙata don amfanin kansu.   Akwai littafai game da Musulunci da kuma wasu littafai da suka shafi al'adun Larabci, tarihi, wakoki da wakoki. 

## Manazarta
Kalmomin da Kalmomin Alkur'ani

An fara buga ***ƙamus da ƙamus na Kur'ani*** a cikin 1873 ta John Penrice . Karamin jagorar magana ce mai kunshe da shafuka 180. Ya kunshi bayanai dalla-dalla kan sassan magana da ma'anonin kalmomin kur'ani .

## Dubawa
Kamus da ƙamus na Kur'ani jagora ne na Larabci/Ingilishi wanda ke ba da bayanai kan magana da ma'anar kalmomi a cikin Alqur'ani. Har ila yau, aikin yana kunshe da nassosi da ke bayani kan layukan Musulunci da abubuwan ibada, domin kara wa nassin karin haske. [1] Yayin rubuta rubutun Penrice ya ga Gustav Flügel's Concordantiae Corani arabicae a matsayin "angaren takarda" don aikinsa. [2]

Per El-Said Badawi, aikin shine irinsa na farko kuma "na dogon lokaci shine kadai".  Shawkat Toorawa ya ɗauki littafin a matsayin majagaba, wanda ya lura cewa har yanzu yana da amfani. 

Ba a san shi ba game da marubucin fiye da marubucin *ƙamus da ƙamus na Kur'ani*, tare da Toorawa yana bayyana cewa shi Majiɓinci ne na Rayayye a Diocese na Norwich. 

## Tarihin bugawa
An fara buga *ƙamus da ƙamus na Kur'ani* a cikin 1873 kuma an sake buga shi akai-akai. Wasu kamfanonin da suka sake buga aikin sun haɗa da littafin 1988 na Adam Publishers & Distributors,  da kuma littafin 2006 na Ayyukan Ilimi na Asiya, wanda ya sake sake fasalin rubutun ya haɗa da lambar ayar gargajiya. 

## liyafar
A cikin 1874, shekara guda bayan buga littafin,  ta sake nazarin littafin, tana mai cewa "abin takaici ne cewa ƙamus irin wannan, wanda ya bayyana yana da halaye da yawa waɗanda suka haɗu don samar da taimako mai amfani ga masu farawa, ya kamata a lalata shi da zato na plagiarism", a fili daga *[[Littafin Larabci da Ingilishi|Larabci-Ingilishi Lexicon]]* na Edward William Lane .  An sake sake buga 1971 ta Peter F. Abboud a cikin *Jarida ta Gabas ta Tsakiya*, wanda ya lura cewa an tsara littafin don al'ummomin da suka gabata, amma har yanzu zai kasance "aboki mai amfani da amfani" ga ɗalibai.  Hakazalika, Clifford Edmund Bosworth 's bita a cikin *Journal of Semitic Studies* ya bayyana cewa yayin da littafin ya taimaka wa dalibai, don "larabci mai tsanani, duk da haka, darajar littafin kadan ne".  Ya nuna cewa littafin yana da "cancantar a sake buga shi muddin babu wani abu makamancin haka ko mafi kyau da ya bayyana tun". 

## Manazarta
Ain al-Yaqeen

***Ain al Yaqiin*** ( *Zuciyar Al'amari* a Turanci) Mujallar Larabci ce da ake bugawa mako-mako, tana mai da hankali kan batutuwan siyasa .

## Bayanan martaba
*Ain al Yaqiin* kuma yana da bugu na Turanci .  Ana buga shi akan layi.  Ana kallon mujallar a matsayin bugu na gwamnati  ko kuma a matsayin mujallar siyasa ta mako-mako mai cikakken iko. 

## Abubuwan da ke ciki
Bayan da aka bayyana cewa wani dan gidan sarautar ya ba wa daya daga cikin maharan kudaden da suka kai harin na ranar 11 ga Satumba, a fakaice, Yarima Nayef a wata makala da aka buga a mujallar mako-mako ta Ingilishi a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamba 2002 ya yi ikirarin cewa Yahudawa ne suka kai harin . [1]

## Duba kuma

* Jerin mujallu a Saudiyya

## Manazarta
Labaran Amoni

***Ammon*** (a cikin Larabci عمون) kuma aka fi sani da ***Ammon News*** kamfanin dillancin labarai ne mai zaman kansa kuma madadin labarai da ke Amman, Jordan.  Ita ce jarida ta farko ta yanar gizo a kasar. Hukumar tana da gidajen yanar gizo na Larabci da Ingilishi. Sunan hukumar, *Ammon*, yana nufin tsohon sunan Amman, babban birnin Jordan. 

## Tarihi da bayanin martaba
An ƙaddamar da *Ammon News* a cikin 2006 ta Sameer Al Hayari da Bassel Elkour, kasancewa jaridar farko ta kan layi ta Jordan.   

Alhyari shine babban editan tashar labarai.  Dr.Ahmad alhyari shine manajan editan *Ammon News* .  Yana kuma ba da gudummawa ga gidan yanar gizon a cikin harkokin majalisa.  Hukumar da ke gudana daga cafe a Amman ta bayyana kanta a matsayin murya ga "mafi yawan shiru".   Yana ba da labarai waɗanda ba a buga su a cikin kafofin watsa labarai ta hanyar tashoshin labarai na Larabci da Turanci.  

A cewar Forbes, Ammon News shine gidan yanar gizo na farko kuma mafi yawan ziyarta a cikin kasashen Larabawa kuma daya daga cikin manyan kafofin watsa labarai 5 a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Hakanan, dangane da bayanan Alexa na 2010 Ammon News yana da masu karatu na 38%, wanda ya mai da shi gidan yanar gizon da aka fi ziyarta a Jordan. [1] Tun daga 2011 shine gidan yanar gizon da ya fi shahara a cikin ƙasar tare da baƙi 250,000 na yau da kullun bisa ga Alexa. [2] Shi ne gidan yanar gizo na biyar da aka fi ziyarta a duniyar Larabawa a cikin 2012. [3] A cikin wani binciken kasuwa da Ipsos ta gudanar a watan Maris na 2012 an tabbatar da cewa Ammon News na cikin manyan gidajen yanar gizo 3 da aka fi ziyarta a kasar.

## Hare-hare da tubalan
A cikin Fabrairun 2011, gidan yanar gizon *Ammon News* ya kasance naƙasasshe bayan buga wata sanarwa daga manyan ƙabilun Jordan 36 waɗanda suka yi kira da a yi gyare-gyaren demokradiyya da tattalin arziki a Jordan.  Bugu da kari, wasu da ba a san ko su waye ba suma sun kai hari ga masu tashar labarai a daidai wannan ranar.  Randa Habib, tsohuwar 'yar jarida, ta buga labarai a cikin wani shafi a cikin Turanci da Larabci ta tashoshin *Ammon News* har zuwa Yuni 2011 lokacin da gwamnatin Jordan ta aiwatar da matsin lamba dangane da bayanin da aka ambata a sama.  Game da kutse Bassel Elkour ya yi zargin cewa jami'an leken asirin Jordan ne suka aikata shi.  Hukumomin Jordan sun musanta ikirarin nasa. 

Gwamnatin Jordan ta toshe gidan yanar gizon, na wani dan lokaci, a watan Yunin 2013 lokacin da ta ki bin sabuwar dokar 'yan jarida domin nuna adawa da shi. 

## Manazarta
Labaran ARA

**ARA News** ( Arabic Sabis ɗin labarai ne na yanar gizo wanda aka mayar da hankali kan sakamakon yaƙi a Siriya da Iraki . Ko da yake daraktan ya bayyana shi a matsayin kamfanin dillancin labarai na Kurdawa, shafin ya fara ne a matsayin sabis na labarai na Larabci kawai kuma as of Janairu 2016 , har yanzu ana buga shi a cikin harsunan Larabci da Ingilishi kawai, kuma ya daina bugawa a kusa da Agusta 2017.

Wasu dillalan labarai sun yi nuni da *labaran ARA* ɗaruruwan lokuta, kuma sau dubbai a cikin kafofin watsa labarun.   *ARA News* ta sami goyan bayan Free Press Unlimited, ƙungiyar ci gaban kafofin watsa labarai da ke Amsterdam, Netherlands. 

## Mallaka, ainihi da aminci
*Labarin ARA* memba ne na Yarjejeniya Ta Tsakanin Kafafen Yada Labarai na Siriya. 

Ba a buga ikon mallakar *Labaran ARA ba* . Wanda ya kafa kuma babban edita shine Adib Abdulmajid,  ɗan Kurdawan Siriya wanda ya tsere daga Siriya bayan ya shiga ayyukan tabbatar da dimokraɗiyya, kuma ya nemi mafaka a Netherlands .  Ana kiran masu rahoto da editocin *ARA News* . Yawancin ma'aikatan Kurdawa ne, wasu Larabawa ne. 

*ARA News* ya sami goyan bayan Free Press Limited, wanda bayanin manufarsa shine "Mutane sun cancanci sani." Free Press Unlimited yayi ikirarin yin aiki don tabbatar da cewa labarai da bayanai sun kasance kuma suna samuwa ga mutane a duk faɗin duniya, musamman a ƙasashen da babu 'yancin ɗan jarida. Free Press Unlimited yana da ayyukan watsa labarai a kusan ƙasashe 40 na duniya. 

## Suna
*ARA* gajarta ce ta Kurdawa *Ajansa Rojnamevaniya Azad*, ma'ana "Hukumar Jarida Mai Zaman Kanta".  Sunan Larabci ( Arabic   ) fassarar *ARA ce* mai sauƙi.

## Tarihi
Adib Abdulmajid ne ya kafa *ARA News* a cikin 2013, sunan yankin yanar gizon yana rajista a cikin Afrilu 2013,   buga rahotannin *labarai* na farko a watan Yuni 2013. yanki.  

Tare da manufar haɓaka aikin jarida na ƙwararru a Siriya, a cikin 2014 Free Press Unlimited ya ba da horo ga editoci, manajojin labarai da masu ba da rahoto daga *ARA News* . 

A cikin 2015 *ARA News* ya zama ɗaya daga cikin masu rattaba hannu na 20 na farko na Yarjejeniya ta Haɗin Kan Watsa Labarun Siriya, " ƙawancen manyan ƙungiyoyin watsa labaru na Siriya masu zaman kansu da suka himmatu ga mafi girman matsayin aikin jarida da 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki" wanda aka kafa a ƙarƙashin tallafin Hukumar Haɗin gwiwar Ci gaban Duniya ta Sweden .  

## Manazarta