open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Jinous Nemat Mahmoudi

**Zhinous Nemat Mahmoudi** ko **Jin(o)us Ni** (Agusta 7, 1928 - Disamba 27, 1981) ita ma'aikaciyar nazarin yanayi ce ta Iran wacce mabiyin addinin Baha'i ne kuma memba a Majalisar Ruhaniya ta kasa ta Iran. Ta tashi ne domin jagorantar hukumar kula da yanayi ta Iran. Bayan juyin juya halin Iran na 1979, zalunci da gwamnati ta amince da shi ya tsananta, inda aka kashe mijinta a 1980, sannan aka kama ta kuma aka kashe ta a 1981.

## Farkon Rayuwa

An haife Mahmoudi a shekara ta 1929 a Tehran. Daya daga cikin iyayenta malami ne, ɗayan kuma ya buga mujallar. Mujallar *Tehran Mosavar* ta samu kafuwarta kuma ta shahara a zamanin mulkin Shah na Iran.

Kimiyya da bayanai sun burge ta. Ta tsara tsarin don gwadawa tare da tattara ilimi don kiyayewa. Shirinta shine ta yi amfani da microfilm domin a adana bayanan.

A jami'a ta yi karatun physics da meteorology wanda hakan ya sa ta yi aiki a fannin hasashen yanayi. Ita ce mace ta farko a Iran masanin yanayi. Ta tashi ne ta jagoranci hukumar kula da yanayi ta kasa wadda wani bangare ne na ma'aikatar tsaron kasarta. Tana da matsayin janar. Ta dauki sha'awar 'yancin mata kuma ta jagoranci aikin Atlas wanda ke binciken yadda makamashin hasken rana zai iya aiwatarwa.

Ta auri Houshang Mahmoudi, wanda ya gabatar da shirye-shiryen yara. Su ’yan addinin Bahaushe ne kuma suna da ’ya’ya uku.

A cikin 1979 juyin juya halin ya faru kuma aka ci zarafin addinin Bahaushe da mabiyansa. Sun rasa ayyukan yi, sun zauna suna aiki a asirce da ’ya’yansu da aka kai kasashen waje don neman ilimi. Ta tashi ta zama jagora a addinin Bahaushe duk da an kashe wasu ’yan uwa. Za ta ziyarci sauran mabiya. Mijinta ya bace ba tare da dalili ba Agusta 1980. An kama ta a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1981 tare da wasu shugabannin bangaskiyarta a Majalisar Ruhaniya ta kasa. Sauran sun hada da Sirous Rowshani, Kamran Samimi, Mahmoud Majnoob, Jalal Azizi, Mehdi Amin Amin, Ezzat Forouhi da Ghodrat Rouhani. An kashe su ne ta hanyar harbe-harbe a ranar 27 ga Disamba.

Daga baya aka ba iyalanta inda kabarinta yake. An kashe mabiya addinin Bahaushe 200 har zuwa 1998 a Iran.

## Gado
A shekarar 2018, an bukaci Majalisar Wakilan Amurka da ta zartas da kudurin Majalisar (HR274) kan bikin cika shekaru 36 da rasuwar Misis Jinous Mahmoudi. Kudurin "ya yi Allah wadai da gwamnatin Iran da ake yi wa 'yan tsiraru na Bahai."

## Manazarta
Hukumar Bunkasa Fasahar Bayanai da Sadarwa ta Jihar Filato

**Hukumar Bunkasa Fasahar Bayanai da Sadarwa ta Jihar Filato (PICTDA) cibiya** ce ta jama’a a Jihar Filato wadda Dokar PICTDA ta kafa bisa tsarin manufofin ICT na kasa na **Hukumar Bunkasa Fasahar Sadarwa ta Kasa (NITDA)** Dokar shekara ta dubu biyu da bakwai 2007, a matsayin hannun aiwatar da manufofin ICT. na Ma'aikatar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Filato. Ita ce ke da alhakin samar da shirye-shiryen da suka shafi gudanar da ayyukan da suka shafi ICT a jihar Filato. PICTDA kuma tana da hurumin aiwatar da manufofin tuki ICT a jihar Filato. PICTDA kuma tana aiki ne wajen horar da ƴan ƙasa a cikin shirye-shiryen ICT daban-daban waɗanda aka tsara don cimma kyakkyawan yanayin ICT Eco a jihar Filato. Yawancin waɗannan ayyukan ana samun su ne ta hanyar shirya tarurrukan bita irin su CODE Plateau wanda ke kula da buƙatun horar da daidaikun mutane masu sha'awar ayyukan ICT, ma'aikatan gwamnati da sassan ilimi. Ya ba wa matasa guda 560 dama a jihar Filato.

## Manazarta
Rachel Pinker

**Rachel T. Pinker** farfesa ce a fannin nazarin yanayi a Jami'ar Maryland, College Park, inda ta yi aiki tun 1976.

## Ilimi
Pinker ta karɓi M.S. digiri daga Jami'ar Hebrew a 1965 da PhD daga Jami'ar Maryland, Kwalejin Kwalejin a 1976.

## Bincike
An san Pinker don bincikenta game da dusashewar duniya da haskaka duniya. Ta ce da alama duniya tana kara haske, kuma hakan na iya faruwa ne saboda haɗuwar sararin sama da kuma karancin gizagizai.

## Manazarta
María T. Martelo

**María T. Martelo** ƙwararriyar masaniyar yanayi ce ta ƙasar Venezuela.

Martelo tana aiki a Caracas a cibiyar bincike da ke haɗe zuwa Cibiyar Kula da Ruwa da Yanayin yanayi na Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Albarkatun Kasa. Matsanancin yanayi abubuwan da suka shafi aikinta ne.

Saboda binciken da ta yi, an nada Martelo a cikin Kwamitin Tsare-tsare na Gwamnati kan Canjin Yanayi. A cikin shekarar 2007, a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar Rukunin Aiki na I: Tushen Kimiyyar Jiki na Canjin Yanayi, ta shiga cikin ƙirƙirar Rahoton Ƙimar Na huɗu na IPCC. A farkon shekarar 2007 Dr. Miriam Diaz, sabuwar ma'aikaciyar gwamnatin Venezuela ta maye gurbinta a IPCC.

## Manazarta
Himba

**Himba** Wata kabilace a kasar Namibiya inda dan kabilar zai arawa abokinsa matar sa don ya kwana da ita irin yanda ma aurata sukeyi a kasar.

## Addinan Su
Kabilar ta Himba sun kasance suna bautar (Monotheistic(mukuru and ancsetor riverence).

## Manazarta

## Karin karatu

1. ^ Crandall 2000 .

2. ^ Ezzell, Carol (17 June 2001). "The Himba and the Dam" . Scientific American . 284 (6): 80–9.

3. ^ a b c Bollig, Michael (2006). Risk Management in a Hazardous Environment: A Comparative Study of two Pastoral Societies . New York: Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. pp. 167–168.

4. ^ Crandall 2000 , p. 188.

5. ^ a b Crandall 2000 , p. 47.
Helen Ekins

**Helen Ekins** (9 Nuwamba 1879 - 4 Yuni 1964) 'yar Burtaniya ce mai kula da noma kuma mai kula da ilimi wacce ke da alaƙa da Kwalejin Studley wacce ta horar da mata kan aikin gona, a Warwickshire.

## Rayuwa
An haifi Ekins a St Albans. Iyayenta sune Elizabeth Ann Childs da Arthur Edward Ekins. Mahaifinta masanin hada magunguna ne kuma tana daya daga cikin daliban farko a makarantar sakandare ta 'yan mata ta St Albans. Bayan ta bar makaranta ta yi shekaru goma da ba a saba gani ba tana sadaukar da lokacinta don noman kayan lambu da aikin sa kai don aiki. Kayan lambu sun jawo sha'awar noman noma da za su dawwama har tsawon rayuwa.

A cikin 1909 an sami moriyar juna ga kanta da Kwalejin Studley na Mata lokacin da ta zama ɗalibin cikakken lokaci na aikin gona. An kafa wannan kwaleji a cikin 1898 don horar da mata sana'o'in noma da noma. A cikin 1909 Dr Lillias Hamilton ya jagoranta wanda ya zama mai kula da shi a shekarar da ta gabata.

A 1920 ta kammala digiri na ɗan lokaci a fannin aikin gona a Jami'ar Birmingham. Hamilton ya yaba mata a matsayin "mafi cancantar... a harkar noma a Ingila". Hamilton ya yi ritaya saboda rashin lafiya bayan shekaru hudu kuma Ekins ya zama magajinta. Kwalejin ta ba da Diploma a aikin gona daga 1924 kuma wannan kwas ne na shekaru uku. A cikin 1934 kwalejin ta ba da kwas ɗin digiri na Jami'ar London wanda ya kai ga BSc a aikin gona.

Ekins za ta yi aiki a matsayin mai gadi har sai bayan yakin. A cikin 1946, Misis K.G.Woolacott, ta zama sabon mai gadi.

## Mutuwa da gado
Ekins ta mutu a Hitchin a 1964. Ta bar wasiyya mai yawa zuwa Kwalejin Karatu, amma ta rufe shekaru da yawa bayan haka. Jami'ar Karatu tana ba da kyauta kowace shekara ga babbar dalibar mata a fannin aikin gona - lambar yabo ta Helen Ekins Memorial.

## Manazarta
Ana P. Barros

**Ana Paula Barros** haifaffen Ba'amurke ce injiniyan farar hula da muhalli a halin yanzu Donald Biggar Willett Shugaban Injiniya kuma Shugaban Sashen Injiniyan Jama'a da Muhalli a Jami'ar Illinois a Urbana-Champaign kuma Zaɓaɓɓen Abokin Ƙungiyar Amirka don Ci Gaban Ci Gaba Kimiyya da Zaɓaɓɓen Abokin Ƙwararrun na Amirka. A cikin 2019 an zabe ta zuwa Kwalejin Injiniya ta Kasa don "gudumawa don fahimta da hasashen yanayin hazo da hadurran ambaliya a cikin tsaunuka". Kafin shiga Jami'ar Illinois, Farfesa Barros ita ce James L. Meriam Farfesa na Injiniya da Muhalli a Jami'ar Duke.

## Ilimi
Ta samu difloma a fannin injiniyan jama'a a Jami'ar Porto a shekarar 1985 sannan ta samu digiri na biyu a fannin injiniyan teku a shekarar 1988 sannan ta samu M.Sc a fannin injiniyan muhalli a Makarantar Kimiyya da Injiniya ta OGI a shekarar 1990 sannan ta yi Ph.D. a Civil and Environmental Engineering a Jami'ar Washington a 1993.

## Bincike
Abubuwan da take so su ne ilimin ruwa da hazo kamar tasirin ruwan sama a kan tsaunuka da ƙasa. Takardar da aka ambata mafi girma ita ce "Haɓaka zaizayar ƙasa da hazo a cikin Himalayas", wanda aka ambata sama da sau 500, a cewar Google Scholar.

## Labarai

* Barros, AP; Hodes, JL; Arulraj, M, Canjin yanayi na Decadal da ƙungiyar sararin samaniya na zurfin fari na ruwa, Wasiƙun Binciken Muhalli, vol 12 no. 10 (2017), shafi na 104005-104005
* Arulraj, M; Barros, AP, Shallow Precipitation Detection and Classification Using Multifrequency Radar Observations and Model Simulations, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, vol 34 no. 9 (2017), pp.&nbsp;1963–1983
* Fahimtar Yadda Ƙaramar Gizagizai da Fog ke Gyara Zagayowar Diurnal na Hazowar Orographic Amfani A Halin da Tauraron Dan Adam Dubawa, Hannun Nesa, vol 9 no. 9 (2017), shafi na 920-920
* Wilson, AM; Barros, AP, Orographic Land–Atmosphere Interactions and the Diurnal Cycle of Low-Level Clouds and Fog, Journal of Hydrometeorology, vol 18 no. 5 (2017), pp.&nbsp;1513–1533
* Tao, J; Barros, AP, Multi-year atmospheric forcing datasets for hydrologic modeling in regions of complex terrain – Methodology and evaluation over the Integrated Precipitation and Hydrology Experiment 2014 domain, Journal of Hydrology (2017)

## Manazarta
Jema, Ghana

**Jema** babban birnin gudanarwa ne na gundumar Kintampo-South a yankin Bono Gabas ta Ghana. Tana da ƙiyasin yawan jama'a kusan 7,868 yayin da jimlar yawan gundumar ta kai 93,600. Garin an san shi da babbar makarantar Jema. Makarantar ita ce cibiyar sake zagayowar ta biyu a gundumar.

Asibitin Gwamnati daya tilo a gundumar yana Jema. Mansie, Aoma, Anyima da Apesika, suma al’ummomin da ke gundumar suna da Cibiyoyin Lafiya. Gundumar tana da Bankin Karkara guda ɗaya, wanda shi ne hukumar bankin Kintampo. Bankin yana Jema. Noma babbar sana’a ce inda dowa, masara, rogo wasu manyan amfanin gona ne da ake nomawa da kuma tsabar kudi irin su cashew da mangwaro. Jema na da ranar kasuwa ta mako-mako a ranar Talata.

## Manazarta
Adenike Oladosu

**Adenike Titilope Oladosu** (an haife tane a shekara ta  alif 1994) 'yar gwagwarmayar sauyin yanayi ce ta Najeriya, mai rajin kare al'amuran mata kuma wacce ta fara yunkurin Fridays ta Najeriya ta gobe . Ta kware a fannin daidaito, tsaro da samar da zaman lafiya a fadin Afirka, musamman a yankin tafkin Chadi.

An gane ta a matsayin daya daga cikin matasa uku masu fafutuka bakar fata a Afirka da ke kokarin yaki da sauyin yanayi tare da Vanessa Nakate da Elizabeth Wathuti ta Greenpeace UK don watan Tarihin Bakar fata na Burtaniya kuma a cikin watan Disamba 2019, Oladosu ya halarci taron COP25 a Spain a matsayin wakilin matasan Najeriya. inda ta ba da "adireshi mai motsi" game da sauyin yanayi a Afirka da kuma yadda yake shafar rayuwa.

## Yarantaka da ilimi
Oladosu ‘yar Ogbomosho ce a jihar Oyo. Ta yi karatun farko a Sakandaren Gwamnati Gwagwalada Abuja, sannan ta wuce Jami’ar Agriculture da ke Markurdi inda ta yi digirin ta na farko a fannin Tattalin Arziki na Noma.

## Ƙaunar yanayi
Oladosu ta fara shiri don fafutukar kare yanayi bayan ta fara jami'a. Ta ga manoma da makiyaya sun fusata saboda gonakinsu na kara bushewa da sauran al’ummomin da ba su taba fuskantar ambaliyar ruwa ba, gonakinsu ya tafi. Karatun Rahoton Musamman akan Dumamar Duniya na 1.5 °C rahoton IPCC ya sa ta shiga cikin motsi na Jumma'a Don Gaba. Ta fara ba da shawarwari a cikin al'ummomi, makarantu, da wuraren jama'a don yin magana da mutane game da rikicin yanayi. Ta kara musu kwarin guiwa da su dasa bishiyu da tarbiyyantar da takwarorinsu.

A shekarar 2019, Oladosu ta kasance wadda ta samu lambar yabo ta lambar yabo ta Amnesty International a Najeriya kuma ta yi magana da shugabannin duniya a taron sauyin yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.

Ta halarci taron sauyin yanayi na 2019 a Madrid tare da Greta Thunberg inda ta ja hankalin shugabannin duniya game da yanayin Najeriya da Afirka.

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa

* Muryoyi iri-iri 22 da za su bi akan Twitter a wannan Ranar Duniya ta Amnesty International
* Jakadan 15 na cibiyar sauyin yanayin matasan Afirka

## Manazarta
Helen Hope

**Helen Hope** an haita a shekarar 1677, ta mutu a watan 19 Afrilun shekarar 1768, yar gandun daji ce ta Scotland kuma ƙirƙira Haddington ta wurin aure. Ta dasa bishiyoyi da yawa a Haddingtonshire kuma ta kirkiro Binning Wood a Tyninghame.

## Rayuwar farko.
An haifi Helen Hope ga Lady Margaret Hamilton da John Hope a Kirkliston, Linlithgowshire. Ta yi baftisma a ranar 28 ga Satumba 1677. An haifi ɗan'uwan Hope Charles a 1681, kuma daga baya ya zama ɗan'uwa kuma gwamnan Bankin Scotland. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru biyar, mahaifinta ya nutse yayin da yake tafiya tare da Duke na York (daga baya ya zama Sarki James VII na Scotland). Mahaifiyarta ta shirya aurenta da dan uwanta na farko Thomas Hamilton, 6th Earl na Haddington a 1696, a lokacin ta zama Countess na Haddington.

## Aiki.

Hope ta zauna tare da mijinta a Leslie House a Fife kuma ta haifi 'ya'ya na farko a cikin yara hudu, wanda ake kira Charles kuma yana da lakabin Lord Binning tun daga haihuwa. Charles zai zama ɗan siyasa kuma Knight Marshal na Scotland. A cikin 1700, dangi sun ƙaura zuwa gidan kakannin kakanni, Gidan Tyninghame a Haddingtonshire. Fata nan take ta so shuka bishiyu duk da rashin sha’awar mijinta da mutanen gida na farko.

Ta yanke shawarar shuka bishiyu a tsaunin Tyninghame kuma ta kira shi Binning Wood don girmama ɗanta. An dasa kadada 800 (ha) tare da nau'ikan bishiya 50. Bugu da ƙari, ta ƙirƙiri yankin jeji da koren wasan ƙwallon ƙafa daga inda aka fara tafiya 14. Mijinta ya rubuta *Short Treatise on Forest Trees* (wanda aka buga a shekara ta 1756, kuma daga baya ya sake fitowa a matsayin *Treatise on the Manner of Raising Forest Trees* a 1761), inda ya yaba da kokarin Hope.

## Mutuwa da gado.

Hope ta mutu a Edinburgh a ranar 19 ga Afrilu 1768, tana da shekaru 90. An binne ta tare da mijinta (wanda ya riga ya rasu) a Tyninghame. Wani obelisk wanda Thomas Hamilton ya gina a cikin 1856, Earl na 9 na Haddington yana ba da girma ga shukar ma'aurata.

An fasa Binning Wood a cikin 1940s a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙoƙarin yaƙi. Ƙungiyar Haɗin gwiwar Masu Lantarki na Edinburgh ta rubuta kashi 89% na itacen katako ne (oak da beech) kuma ragowar itace mai laushi, galibi Scots Pine. An yi amfani da wasu daga cikin itacen beech don kera jiragen yaki na de Havilland sauro. An sake dasa shi a cikin wani shiri wanda ya ɗauki har zuwa 1960, don kammalawa, tare da bishiyar galibi pine ne na Scots tun lokacin da ba a samun tsiron katako. Earl na Haddington ya tabbatar da tsarin 1707, na asali an bi shi kuma an yi aikin da fursunoni na Italiyanci. A cikin 2010s, wani ɓangare na itacen ya zama wurin jana'izar kore, tare da filaye guda ɗaya akan £950.

## Manazarta.
Suya

**Suya** ko **Tsire** nama ne mai yaji wanda sanannen abinci ne a yammacin Afirka. Ana kuma ci a Sudan, ana kiranta da "Agashe". Ana yin Suya ne da naman sa, rago, ko kaza. Hakanan ana amfani da kayan ciki kamar koda, hanta da zuciya. Yankakken naman ana daka shi da kayan kamshi daban-daban wadanda suka hada da gyadar Qamshi, gishiri, magi, mai da sauran kayan kamshi. sannan a barbecue, ana hadawa Suya da karin taimako na busasshen barkono da aka hada da kayan kamshi da yankakken albasa. Ana amfani da hanyoyin shirya naman halal ne, musamman a yankunan arewacin Najeriya, inda aka san rashin dacewa da haramcin abincin musulmi a shirin Suya na haddasa tarzoma. Busashen Suya ana kiransa Kilishi. Ana iya ci da Garri ko Ogi.

Babu daidaitaccen girke-girke na samar da hadadden cakuda kayan yaji da abubuwan da suka hada da suya marinade (wanda ake kira *Yaji*) da kayan yaji da aka yi amfani da su. Sinadaran na iya bambanta dangane da abubuwan da mutum yafi son amfani dasu da na yanki.

Duk da cewa Suya ta samo asali ne daga sassan Arewacin Najeriya, amma ta shiga cikin al’ummar Najeriya, tana da araha ga kowa da kowa kuma a ko’ina. An kira shi wani abu mai haɗa kai a Najeriya. Suya ya zama abincin Najeriya da yankuna daban-daban da ke ikirarin fifikon girke-girke da hanyoyin shirya su, amma irin gasasshen nama ya zama ruwan dare a yawancin kasashen yammacin Afirka.

## Manazarta
Elizabeth Wathuti

**Elizabeth Wanjiru Wathuti** (an haife ta daya ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 1995) 'yar kasar Kenya ce mai fafutukar kare muhalli kuma mai fafutukar sauyin yanayi kuma ta kafa kungiyar Green Generation Initiative, wacce ke renon matasa don son yanayi da kuma kula da muhalli tun suna karama kuma a yanzu ta dasa itatuwa 30,000 a Kenya.

A cikin 2hekarar 019, Gidauniyar Eleven Eleven Twelve ya ba ta lambar yabo ta Afirka Green Person of the Year Award kuma aka ba ta a matsayin ɗayan 100 Mafi Tasirin Matasan Afirka ta Kyautar Matasan Afirka.

## Ilimi
Wathuti ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a Jami'ar Kenyatta da Nazarin Muhalli da Ci gaban Al'umma.

## Yarantaka farko da gwagwarmayar muhalli

Wathuti ta girma ne a gundumar Nyeri, wadda ta yi suna da mafi girman gandun daji a Kenya. Ta fara dasa bishiyarta tana da shekaru bakwai sannan ta ci gaba da kafa kungiyar kula da muhalli a makarantar sakandaren ta tare da taimakon malaminta na fannin kasa, wanda ya yi tayin zama majibincin kungiyar. Ta kasance cikin jagorancin kungiyar muhalli ta Jami'ar Kenyatta (KUNEC) inda ta sami damar gudanar da ayyuka da dama; kamar dashen itatuwa, tsaftace muhalli da ilimin muhalli; duk yayin da ake ƙara wayar da kan ƙalubalen muhalli na duniya kamar sauyin yanayi.

A cikin shekarar, 2016, ta kafa Green Generation Initiative, tare da mai da hankali kan haɓaka ƙarin matasa masu sha'awar muhalli, ingantaccen muhalli da ilimin yanayi, gina juriyar yanayi da makarantun kore. Bidiyonta "The Forest is a part of Me" ya fito ne daga Global Landscapes Forum (GLF) a matsayin wani bangare na jerin ra'ayoyin matasa a cikin shimfidar wuri.

Ta kasance mai karɓar lambar yabo ta Wangari Maathai Scholarship don fitacciyar sha'awarta da himma ga kiyaye muhalli. Wathuti ita ma cikakkiyar mamba ce a kungiyar Green Belt Movement, wadda marigayiya Farfesa Wangari Maathai ya kafa wanda ita ce abin koyi da Wathuti kuma babban abin kwazo da tasiri.

A cikin shekarar, 2019 a Ranar Matasa ta Duniya, Duke da Duchess na Sussex sun karbe ta a kan abincin su na Instagram saboda aikinta na kiyaye muhalli. An kuma nuna ta a gidan yanar gizon Sarauniyar Commonwealth Trust. A wannan shekarar dai Greenpeace ta nuna ta tare da Vanessa Nakate da Oladuso Adenike a matsayin daya daga cikin matasa uku masu fafutukar ganin bakar fata a Afirka da ke kokarin ceto duniya.

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa

* (2016) na huɗu Wangari Maathai Scholarship Award
* Kyautar Gwarzon Matasan Yanayi na Green Climate Fund (2019)
* Kyautar Mutumin Green na Afirka na shekarar (2019) daga Gidauniyar Goma sha ɗaya sha ɗaya sha biyu.
* 100 Mafi Tasirin Matasa Na Afirka ta Kyautar Matasan Afirka.
* Kyautar Diana International (2019)
* Zakarun Matasan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na Afirka (2019)
* Gane Ranar Matasa ta Duniya (2019) ta Duke da Duchess na Sussex.
* Ƙungiyar Bloggers na Kenya - BAKE Awards (2018) don mafi kyawun gidan yanar gizon muhalli.

## Manazarta
Tunkiya

**Tunkiya** wata dabba ce da take rayuwa a duniya Harda nahiyar  Afirka wanda yawancin dangin ta farare ne, musamman a kasar  Hausa. Akwai ire-iren  **tunkiyoyi** da dake a kasashen duniya, kuma ko wace kasa za ka samu da irin kalar tunkiyarta, misali kamar ƙasar Indiya irin kalar tunkiyarsu daban da ta kasar Angola. Kana kuma idan ka duba na kasar Najeriya su ma daban suke da na sauran kasashen.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5840369

## Manazarta

## Amfanin Tunkiya
A nahiyar Afirka musamman ma a Najeriya ana amfani da Tunkiya a lokutan bukukuwa wata ana yankawa don cin naman, kamar Sallar Idi karama da Sallar Idi Babba ko kuma ranar suna idan an yi haihuwa. 

## Manazarta
Nono

**Nono** yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan mashahurai guda biyu waɗanda ke kan babban yankin huhu na ƙwanƙolin firamare. Duka mata da maza suna tasowa nono daga kyallen mahaifa iri ɗaya.

Nonon mata yana dauke dawani sinadari da ake kira **mammary gland**, wanda aikinsa shine samar da ɓoye  madararon nono domin shayarwa.
Nonuwan mace halitta ce wadda ta ƙunshi churin tsoka(muscler tissue), kitse (fats), kananan bututu (ducts) da jijiyoyin jini (veins). Sai dai kitse da jijiyoyi sunfi yawa a cikin sa. Wannan ne ma ya sanya cewa girman nonon mace da laushin sa ya danganta ne da yawan kitsen da yake cikin sa, shi yasa zaku ga wata mace tafi wata girman nono. 

Nonuwan mace suna fara girma ne daga lokacin da ta kai mizanin balaga (puberty) wanda yake farawa daga shekara 12 zuwa sama. Nono ya ƙunshi wasu ƙananan jakunkuna dunƙulallu (lobes) kimanin 15 zuwa 20, waɗanda su ne su ke samar wa da kuma adana ruwan nono (breast milk). 

## Ci gaban nono
Ci gaban nono yana farawa tun kafin haihuwa, lokacin da jaririn da ba a haifa ba ke fara samun kan nono da kuma farkon hanyoyin shan nono (milk ducts). A wajen ’yan mata da suka shiga balaga, ƙuruciyar nono (breast buds) na bayyana kuma su rikide zuwa naman nono (mammary tissue). Nono yana fara tashi da yin girma, sannan kuma fata mai zagaye kan nono (areola) tana yin duhu.

A tsawon rayuwa kafin mace ta shiga zaman saukar haila (menopause), nonuwa na sauyawa a kowane wata bisa tsarin haila. Wannan yana iya jawo zafi ko kumburi kafin haila, wanda ke gushewa bayan saukar jini. Ana ganin cewa girman nono da cikar ci gabansa ba su kammala sosai ba sai lokacin da mace ta ɗauki ciki kuma nononta su fara fitar da nono (madara).
Nono na iya ci gaba da samuwa a jikin maza ma, sakamakon wani yanayi da ake kira gynecomastia, inda nono ke kumbura ko girma. Haka kuma, mata masu sauya jinsi (transgender women) na iya samun ci gaban nono ta hanyar amfani da magungunan maye gurbin hormone (hormone replacement therapy – HRT).

## Manazarta
Kenneth Okonkwo

**Kenneth Okonkwo** (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga watan Nuwamba , 1968) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya, wanda aka fi sani da rawar da ya taka a fim ɗin *Living in Bondage* a matsayin Andy Okeke.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Kenneth Okonkwo a garin Nsukka na jihar Enugu. Ya kammala karatunsa na digiri a fannin harkokin kasuwanci a Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka da Masters a fannin shari'a da diflomasiya daga Jami'ar Legas, Akoka.

## Sana'a
A shekarar 2013 ya lashe lambar yabo na  African Movie Academy Award"  da girmamawa na musamman na Pillars na Nollywood.  2015 an ba shi lambar yabo ta musamman daga masu shirya lambar yabo ta City People Entertainment Awards saboda gudummawar da ya bayar wajen bunkasa nishadantarwa a Najeriya.         

## Fina-finai

## Duba kuma

* 9th Africa Movie Academy Awards

## Manazarta
Sam Dede

**Sama'ila Dedetoku** wanda aka fi sani da **Sam Dede** (an haife shi a ranar 17ga watan Nuwamban 1965) dan Nijeriya ne kuma kwararren jarumi, darekta, dan siyasa kuma malamin jami'a. Ana yi masa kallon daya daga cikin hamshakan attajirai kuma masu fada a ji a Najeriya. Ya fito a cikin fina-finai sama da 350 galibi a cikin ayyukan tallafawa a cikin ayyukan da ya shafe sama da shekaru 20. Sam Dede ya fito ne daga jihar Rivers, Najeriya. Ana yi masa lakabi da "Ebube" saboda rawar da ya taka a fim din *Issakaba*.
 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Sam Dede a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1965 a jihar Legas kuma ya koma Sapele.

## Sana'a
Ya shiga masana’antar Nollywood *a shekarar 1995 kuma ya yi fice* saboda rawar da ya taka a fim din Ijele. A cikin 2005, Dede ya lashe lambar yabo ta Afirka Movie Academy Award don Mafi kyawun Jarumi a Matsayin Taimakawa saboda rawar da ya taka a cikin fim ɗin 2004 *[[The Mayors]]* . An karrama shi da lambar yabo ta SVAFF 2014 Special Recognition Award saboda nasarar da ya samu a rayuwarsa da kuma gudummawar da ya bayar a fina-finan Najeriya. An zabe shi don lambar yabo ta Afirka Movie Academy Award don Mafi kyawun Jarumi a Matsayin Jagora a cikin 2018 saboda rawar da ya taka a cikin fim ɗin 2017 *In my country*.

An nada shi a matsayin Darakta-Janar na Hukumar Bun Kaya yawon bude ido ta Jihar Ribas wato Rivers State Tourism Development Agency a shekarar 2012 kuma ya yi aiki na wani dan karamin lokaci. Har ila yau, malami ne a Jami'ar Fatakwal yana koyar da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo masu zuwa.   Daya daga cikin dalibansa, Yul Edochie ya ci gaba da zama babban jarumi a Nollywood.  Sai dai ya ce a shekarar 2012 ba zai bar yin siyasa ba.

## zababbun fina-finai

* *Labarin Yesu Mu* (2020)
* *Miji Nagari* (2020)
* *[[The Legend of Inikpi|Labarin Inikpi]]* (2020)
* *Kamsi* (2018)
* *A Kasa Ta* (2017)
* *Lambar Batattu* (2012)
* *[[The Mayors|Magajin gari]]* (2004)
* *[[The Last Burial|Jana'izar Karshe]]* (2000)
* *Isakaba* (2000)
* *Igodo* (1999)
*  (1997)
* *Manufa zuwa Babu*
* *Dare Mafi Duhu*
* *Jini da Mai*
* *Bumper zuwa Bumper*
* *Kar Ka Taba Mutuwar Soyayya*
* *5 Manzanni*
* *A boye*
* *Ijele*
* *Toka zuwa toka*
* *Ya tafi*

 

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Gidan yanar gizon hukuma 
*   

## Manazarta
Yemi Shodimu

**Yemi Shodimu** (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga watan Janairu a shekara ta 1960) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya , mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen talabijin, darekta kuma mai shirya fina-finai.  

## Kuruciya
An haife shi a Abeokuta babban birnin jihar Ogun kudu maso yammacin Najeriya. Ya yi rayuwar kuruciyarsa ne a Abeokuta a fadar Alake na Egbaland inda ya ga al'adun Yarabawa.   Ya halarci Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo inda ya sami digiri na farko a fannin fasaha (BA) a fannin fasaha sannan ya wuce Jami'ar Legas inda ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin sadarwa (Mass communication).

## Sana'a
Ya fara aikin wasan kwaikwayo ne a shekarar, 1976, a wannan shekarar ne ya fito a wani fim mai suna *Village Head Master*. An san shi da rawar jagoran shiri da ya taka, *Ajani* in *Oleku*, fim din Tunde Kelani ya bayar da umarni.  A cikin shekara ta, 2018, an sanya shi a matsayin mai gabatar da shirin wasan kwaikwayo na satirical mai suna Isale Eko.

## Fina-finai

* *Babban Jagoran* Kauye wanda ya nuna Victor Olaotan
* *Oleku (1997)* Tunde Kelani ya shirya
* *Ti Oluwa Ni Ile*
* *Saworoide* wanda ya nuna Kunle Afolayan da Peter Fatomilola
* *Ayo ni Mofe*
* *Koseegbe*
* *Diamonds A cikin Sama* (2019)
* *Cibiyar Miracle* (2020)

## Duba sauran wasu abubuwan

* Jerin 'yan wasan Najeriya
 
## Manazarta
Juriyar yanayi

Ana iya bayyana **juriyar yanayi,** azaman daidaitawar tsarin zamantakewa da canjin yanayi. Waɗannan su ne: (1) ɗaukar damuwa da kiyaye aiki a cikin fuskantar tasirin waje da aka sanya ta hanyar canjin yanayi da (2) daidaitawa, sake tsarawa da haɓaka cikin mafi kyawun ƙa'idodi waɗanda ke haɓaka dorewar tsarin, yana barin shi mafi shiri don tasirin yanayi na gaba canji.

Tare da karuwar wayar da kan jama'a game da tasirin sauyin yanayi ta ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa, gina juriyar yanayin ya zama muhimmiyar manufa ga waɗannan cibiyoyi. Babban abin da aka fi mayar da hankali kan yunƙurin jure yanayin yanayi shine dan magance raunin yanayin da al'ummomi, jihohi da ƙasashe ke da shi dangane da sakamakon sauyin yanayi. A halin yanzu, dabarun zamantakewa, tattalin arziki, fasaha da siyasa sune tushen yunƙurin juriyar yanayin da al'umma ke aiwatarwa a kowane ma'auni. Daga ayyukan al'umma na gida zuwa yarjejeniyoyin duniya, magance juriyar yanayi na zama fifiko, kodayake ana iya cewa har yanzu ba a aiwatar da wani muhimmin bangare na ka'idar ba. Duk da haka, akwai wani yunkuri mai karfi kuma mai tasowa, wanda hukumomin gida da na kasa ke ingiza su, wanda ya ke da nufin ginawa da inganta juriyar yanayi.

## Manazarta.

## Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa

* Canjin yanayi

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Garuruwan Italiya suna fuskantar ƙalubalen yanayi.  Tasirin canjin yanayi da manufofin daidaitawa  , Legambiente da Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Kariyar Kasa da Teku
Teghalimet

**Teghalimet,** gari ne mai ƙungiya a Sidi Bel Abbès lardin a arewa maso yammacin kasar Algeria. 

## Manazarta
Kadiaba Kadiel

**Kadiaba Kadiel** (ko **Gadiaba Kadiel** ) wani ƙauye ne da ke cikin garin Nioro Cercle a yankin Kayes na yammacin ƙasar Mali.

Ƙauyen ya kunshi garuruwa guda takwas: 

* Alana Massassi
* Fossé-Kaarta
* Gadiaba Boundounké
* Gadiaba-Dialla
* Gadiaba-Kadiel
* Gadiaba M'Bomoyabé
* Gourel-Céno-Dédji
* Sanbagoré

## Manazarta
Ethel Shakespear

**Dame Ethel Mary Reader Shakespear** DBE (née **Wood**; 17 ga watan Yulin shekarar 1871 - 17 ga watan Janairu shekarar 1946) ta kasance ƙwararren masanin ilimin ƙasa Bature, ma'aikacin gwamnati kuma mai ba da taimako.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haife ta a Biddenham, Bedfordshire, 'yar wani malami. Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta Bedford da Kwalejin Newnham, Cambridge (shekarar 1891- shekarar 95), ta kammala karatun digiri a kimiyyar halitta. A cikin shekarar 1896 ta zama mataimakiyar Charles Lapworth a Kwalejin Mason (wanda daga baya ya zama Jami'ar Birmingham), kuma ta fara shirye-shiryen sanannun aikinta, *British Graptolites*, tare da abokiyar kwalejinta Gertrude Elles.

Ita ce ke da alhakin misalai na musamman. Wannan monograph ɗin zai zama daidaitaccen aikin bincike na burbushin halittu na shekaru masu yawa. Ta buga wasu ayyuka da dama kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin Fellow of the Geological Society a shekarar 1919. A cikin shekarar 1920 ta sami Medal Murchison don aikinta akan monograph.

A cikin shekarar 1906 ta sami DSc daga Jami'ar Birmingham, kuma ba da daɗewa ba ta auri Gilbert Arden Shakespear, malamin kimiyyar lissafi a jami'a wanda ta haɗu da shi a Cambridge. Yaro daya kacal suka haifa, diya, amma ta rasu tun tana karama. A lokacin yakin duniya na farko ta sadaukar da kanta wajen taimakon nakasassu masu hidima. Ta kasance sakatariyar girmamawa na Kwamitin Fansho na Birmingham kuma daga shekarar 1917 zuwa inganta shekarar 1926 ta zauna a Kwamitin Ba da Agaji na Musamman na Ma'aikatar Fansho. An nada ta Adalci na Aminci ga Birmingham a cikin shekarar 1922, ta kware kan lamuran da suka shafi yara da 'yan mata masu aiki. Ta kasance baƙon dangi ga iyayen da suka yi reno kuma ta gayyaci matalauta mata da 'yan mata da yawa su zauna a gidanta a Caldwell Hall, Upton Warren, Worcestershire.

## Girmamawa
An nada Ethel Shakespear Memba na Order of the British Empire (MBE) a cikin shekarar 1918 don aikinta na yaki da Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) a cikin yakin basasa na shekarar 1920.

## Mutuwa
Ta mutu daga ciwon daji a shekarar 1946, tana da shekaru 74.

## Manazarta
Baba Suwe

**Babatunde Omidina** (22 ga Agusta 1958 - 22 Nuwamba 2021) ɗan wasan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan wasan barkwanci wanda aka fi sani da suna **Baba Suwe**.  

## Ƙurciya
An haifi Baba Suwe a ranar 22 ga watan Agustan 1958, a unguwar Inabere a tsibirin Legas inda ya girma amma ya fito daga karamar hukumar Ikorodu ta jihar Legas, kudu maso yammacin Najeriya.

Omidina ya yi firamare a makarantar Jamaitul Islamial da ke Legas da makarantar kwana ta yara, Osogbo kafin ya wuce makarantar Adekanbi Commercial High School da ke Mile 12 a jihar Legas amma ya samu takardar shedar kammala karatun sakandare (WAEC) 
a makarantar Grammar Ifeoluwa da ke Osogbo, babban birnin jihar Osun. kudu maso yammacin Najeriya.

## Sana'a
Omidina ya fara wasan kwaikwayo ne a shekarar 1971 amma ya fito fili bayan ya fito a wani fim mai suna, *Omolasan*, wani fim da Obalende ya gabatar. Ya samu shahara bayan ya fito a cikin *Iru Esin*, wanda Olaiya Igwe ya shirya a 1997. Ya taba fitowa kuma ya shirya fina-finan Najeriya da dama kamar su *Baba Jaiye jaiye*, fim din da ya fito da Funke Akindele da Femi Adebayo, dan fitaccen jarumin nan Adebayo Salami. A shekarar 2011, hukumar yaki da fataucin miyagun kwayoyi ta kasa ta zarge shi da safarar hodar Iblis, zargin da kotun kolin Legas ta bayyana a matsayin karya da bata suna. Lauyan sa shi ne marigayi Bamidele Aturu, lauyan Najeriya kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan Adam.

## Mutuwa
Omidina ya rasu a ranar 22 ga Nuwamba 2021.

## Fina-finai

* *Ba ku*
* *Oju Oloju*
* *Baba london*
* *Ko tan si be*
* *Aso Ibora*
* *Obelomo*
* *elebolo""*
* *Larinloodu*

## Duba kuma

* Jerin mutanen Yarbawa

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

*
Clem Ohameze

**Clem Ohameze** ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya wanda ya kwashe shekaru ashirin yana wasan kwaikwayo. Clem Ohameze ya fara sana'ar wasa a 1995. Amma rawar da ya taka ya kasance a cikin 1998 lokacin da ya fito a cikin wani babban fim na kasafin kudi mai suna *ENDTIME* . Ya yi fina-finai sama da 500 a cikin shekaru 20 na aikinsa wanda ya kai 1995 zuwa yau kuma ana shirin fitowa a cikin fina-finai da yawa a cikin watanni masu zuwa. 

## Asali

An haifi Clem Ohameze a ranar 27 ga watan Yuni 1965 a Fatakwal, jihar Rivers, Nigeria. Ya halarci Kwalejin Iyali ta Holy Family/ Baptist High School don karatun sakandare. Ya ci gaba da karatu a Institute of Management Technology, Enugu, Nigeria inda ya samu takardar shaidar difloma ta kasa (Ordinary National Diploma a Mass Communication  sannan ya yi Jami'ar Fatakwal inda ya kammala karatunsa na BSc a fannin Sociology da Anthropology a 1989. Ya kuma yi karatu a Jami'ar Buckingham da ke Landan a shekarar 2010 kuma ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin Preventive and Social Medicine..

## Sana'ar fim
Ohameze mamba ne na kungiyar masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya. A takaice dai ya rabu da aiki tsakanin 2006 zuwa 2010 don biyan wasu bukatu ciki har da siyasa. Tun daga lokacin ya koma harkar fim bayan hutu. A cikin 2010, Ohameze ya fito a cikin fim ɗin da ya sami lambar yabo ta *Ije: Journey* tare da Genevieve Nnaji da Omotola Jalade Ekeinde .

## Shiga siyasa
Ohameze ya tsaya takarar neman wakilcin mazabar tarayya ta Ohaji-Egbema-Oguta a majalisar wakilai ta tarayyar Najeriya a karkashin jam’iyyar PDP a shekarar 2007. Sai dai ya yi watsi da wannan takarar saboda zargin da ake kan barazana da akai masa ga rayuwarsa. An kai wa motar sa hari, an kuma harbe dan uwan nasa a yayin da lamarin ya faru. Ohameze ya koma London, United Kingdom . Ya yi niyyar tsayawa takara a zaben 2015 mai zuwa.

 

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* 

## Manazarta
Dele Odule

**Dele Odule** (an haife shi a 23 ga watan Nuwamba, 1961) ɗan wasan fina-finan Najeriya ne kuma furodusa. An zabe shi a cikin "Best Supporting Actor ( Yoruba )" a 2014 Best of Nollywood Awards saboda rawar da ya taka a fim din *Kori Koto*.  A halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin shugaban kungiyar masu fasahar fina-finai da wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya wato Arts and Movie Practitioners Association of Nigeria. 

## Kuruciya da ilimi
An haifi Odule a garin Oru Ijebu, cikin karamar hukumar Ijebu ta Arewa ta jihar Ogun a shekarar 1961,  inda ya yi karatunsa na farko da na sakandare.  Ya mallaki takardar shedar Grade II daga Kwalejin Horar da Malamai ta Oru kafin ya wuce Jami'ar Ibadan ta Jihar Oyo inda ya karanta fannin wasan kwaikwayo.

## Sana'a
Dele ya fara wasan kwaikwayo ne daga wata kungiyar wasan kwaikwayo mai suna Oloko Theater Group karkashin jagorancin Mukaila Adebisi. Ya fito a karon farko a shekarar 1986 kafin a haska bayan ya fito a fim din mai suna *Ti Oluwa Ni Ile* .  Tun daga nan ya ci gaba da taka rawa a fina-finai sama da 200. 

## zababbun fina-finai

**[[Ti Oluwa Ni Ile]]* (1993)
**Lakunle Alagbe* (1997)
**Oduduwa* (2000)
**Afonja* (2002)
**Olorire* (2003)
**Ògédé Didùn* (2003)
**Ogbologbo* (2003)
**Suku Suku Bam Bam* (2004)
**Omo Olè* (2004)
**Iwe Akosile* (2005)
**Idajo Mi Tide* (2005)
**Eru Ife* (2005)
**Ó kojá Ofin* (2007)
**Aye Ibironke* (2007)
**Bolode O'ku* (2009)
**Aworo* (2012)
**[[The Ghost and the Tout]]* (2018)
**[[Survival of Jelili]]* (2019)
**Kakanfo* (2020)
**[[The New Patriots]]* (2020)

## Kyaututtuka da naɗi

## Duba kuma

* Jerin masu shirya fina-finan Najeriya
* Jerin mutanen Yarbawa

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* 

## Manazarta
Migraine

Migraine (UK: /ˈmiːɡreɪn/, US: /ˈmaɪ-/)   cuta ce mai rikitarwa ta jijiyoyin da ke tattare da abubuwan da suka faru na ciwon kai mai matsakaici zuwa mai tsanani, galibi suna da alaƙa da ƙishirwa, da haske da sauti.  Sauran alamun halayen na iya haɗawa da mamaki, rashin aiki na fahimta, allodynia, da dizziness. Karin ko kara alamun ciwon kai yayin motsa jiki wani fasalin bambanci ne.

Har aura kashi ɗaya bisa uku na mutanen da ke fama da ƙwarewar migraine, lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi na rikice-rikicen ji wanda aka yarda da shi ta hanyar yaduwar ɓacin rai a farkon harin migraine. Kodayake da farko an dauke shi da cuta ta ciwon kai, migraine yana da bambanci sosai a cikin gabatarwar asibiti kuma an fi tunaninsa a matsayin cuta mai ban mamaki maimakon wani bangare na asibiti. Nauyin cuta na iya kasancewa daga hare-hare masu rarrabewa zuwa cututtukan da ba su da tsanani.

Migraine an yi imanin cewa haɗuwa da abubuwan muhalli da kwayoyin halitta ne ke haifar da shi wanda ke tasiri ga tashin hankali da hana Kwayoyin jijiyoyi a cikin kwakwalwa. Maganar da aka yarda da ita ta nuna cewa raunin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa na farko yana haifar da jerin canje-canje na intracranial da extracranial, wanda ke haifar da fashewar jiki wanda ke haifar lebatarwa ga alamun migraine.
Sonja Wipf

**Sonja Wipf** (An haife ta 24 ga Fabrairu 1973, Brugg) ƙwararriyar tsirrai ce ta Switzerland wacce ke nazarin sakamakon sauyin yanayi. Ta yi aiki a WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF kuma ita ce shugabar bincike da sa ido a wuraren shakatawa na Switzerland.

## Rayuwa
Bayan kammala karatunta a Old Cantonal School Aarau, Wipf ta karanci ilimin kimiyyar halittu da muhalli a Jami'ar Zurich daga 1993 zuwa 2000. Ta kammala karatun digiri na uku game da tasirin rage dusar ƙanƙara a kan muhallin tundra a 2006 a Jami'ar.

## Aiki
Binciken da Wipf ta yi ya yi bayani ne kan illar sauyin yanayi, noma, da yawon bude ido a kan tsirran tsaunuka da arctic da kasa, da mu’amalarsu. An buga aikinta a cikin manyan mujallu na Nature da Canjin Yanayi. Tare da abokan aikinta, Wipf ta nuna saurin martani na yanayin yanayin tsaunuka zuwa canjin yanayi.

Wipf ta bayyana a cikin kafofin watsa labarai akai-akai. Dangane da matsalar sauyin yanayi, kafafen yada labarai na kasa da kasa sun ruwaito aikinta.

Tun 1 Janairu 2020 Wipf ta jagoranci Sashen Bincike da Kulawa a wuraren shakatawa na Switzerland.

## Wallafe-wallafen da aka zaɓa

* Tare da Kirista Rixen: Bita na gwaje-gwajen magudin dusar ƙanƙara a cikin yanayin yanayin Arctic da tsaunukan tundra. A cikin: Binciken Polar. 29 (1), 2010, S. 95–109.
* Tare da Christian Rixen, Markus Fischer, Bernhard Schmid, Veronika Stoeckli: Tasirin shirye-shiryen ski piste akan ciyayi mai tsayi. A cikin: Journal of Applied Ecology. 42 (2), 2005, S. 306-316.
* Tare da Veronika Stoeckli, Peter Bebi: Sauyin yanayi na hunturu a tundra mai tsayi: martanin shuka ga canje-canje a zurfin dusar ƙanƙara da lokacin narke dusar ƙanƙara. A cikin: Canjin yanayi. 94 (1–2), 2009, S. 105–121.

## Manazarta
Sunday Omobolanle

**Sunday Omobolanle** aka Papi Luwe // i, MON (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1954) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya, marubucin wasan kwaikwayo, darektan fim, kuma furodusa.

## Rayuwa ta farko da aiki
An haife shi a ranar 10 ga Janairun shekarar 1954, a Ilora, wani gari a Jihar Oyo kudu maso yammacin Najeriya. Shi ne mahaifin Sunkanmi Omobolanle, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na fim na Najeriya kuma darektan. Sunday Omobolanle ya kuma rubuta, ya ba da umarni, ya samar kuma ya fito a fina-finai da yawa na Najeriya kamar *Adun Ewuro*, fim din Najeriya na 2011 wanda ya nuna Adebayo Salami .  Don nuna godiya ga gudummawar da ya bayar ga masana'antar fina-finai ta Najeriya, Olusegun Obasanjo, tsohon shugaban Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Najeriya ya ba shi lambar yabo ta kasa, MON.

## Hotunan fina-finai

* *Ƙaunar Rayuwata (2002) *
* *Green Snake (2003) a matsayin Udenwa*
* *Olorire (2003) a matsayin Oluso*
* *Perosoko (2003) a matsayin Cif*
* *Lanleyin (2004) *
* *Eewo orun (2005) *
* *Adun ewuro (2006) *
* *Asoko ya fito (2008) *
* *Adun Ewuro (2011) *
* *Konkobilo*
* *Oba Alatise*
* *Shugaban ya tafi (2014) *
* *Rayuwar Jelili (2019) a matsayin Papi Luwe*
* *Anikulapo (2022) a matsayin Babban Oyo*

## Manazarta
Ayo Makun

**Ayodeji Richard Makun**,wanda aka fi sani da  **AY**, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya, ɗan wasan barkwanci, mai gabatar da shiri a gidan rediyo da talabijin, marubuci, furodusa kuma darektan fina-finai. An haife shi a ranar 19 ga watan,Agustan shekarar 1971, ya fito ne daga Ifon, karamar hukumar Ose a jihar Ondo. Shine mai masaukin baki AY live shows da AY comedy skits. Fim ɗinsa na farko shine, *30 Days. in Atlanta* shi ne ya shirya shi kuma Robert O. Peters ya ba da umarni kuma ya ci gaba da samun nasara. An nada shi a matsayin Jakadan zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. 

## Ilimi
Ayo Makun ya halarci Jami'ar Jihar Delta, Abraka, Jihar Delta, Najeriya. Ya kammala karatu (bayan ya shafe shekaru tara)  a 2003 a matsayin dalibin fasahar wasan kwaikwayo. AY kuma ya sami wasu kyaututtuka kamar su mafi kyawun ɗalibi a harabar (1999 da 2000); mafi kyawun nuni-biz mai tallata (2001); dalibin da ya fi yin bikin a harabar (2001) da lambar yabo ta zamantakewar mutum ta Jaycee Club (2003).

## Sana'a
Ayo Makun ya fito fage ne bayan ya zama mataimakin Alibaba Akporobome kuma manajan taron. AY ya rubuta yana tafiya "AY wire" a matsayin baƙon labari a cikin The Sun (Nigeria) da littafin Gbenga Adeyinka "Laugh Mattaz". 

## Rayuwa
Ayo Makun shi ne da na fari a cikin iyalin mutane bakwai.  Shi da matarsa Mabel sun yi aure shekaru goma sha biyu da suka wuce. 

## Rayuwa

Ayo Makun ya jagoranci kuma yayi aiki a cikin ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun sitcom na Najeriya. AY's crib tare da Alex Ekubo, Venita Akpofure, Buchi Franklin da Justice Nuagbe. Ya kuma karbi bakuncin daya daga cikin manyan wasannin barkwanci na Afirka, AY Live mai dauke da 'yan wasan barkwanci kamar Bovi, Helen Paul da sauran 'yan wasan barkwanci da dama. Ayo Makun kuma shi ne Babban Jami’in Nishadantarwa na Duniya, Najeriya. Shi ma yana da gidan kulab.  A matsayinsa na mai saka hannun jari a wasan barkwanci, ya rinjayi masu wasan barkwanci masu zuwa ta hanyar AY "Open Mic Challenge". As an investor in stand-up comedy, he has influenced upcoming comedians through his AY "Open Mic Challenge". 

## Abubuwan da suka faru
Ya kasance mai masaukin baki tare da Joselyn Dumas a 2018 Golden Movie Awards Africa da aka gudanar a Movenpick Ambassador Hotel a birnin Accra, Ghana.  

## Kyautuka

### 2008

* Dan wasan barkwanci na shekara: Diamond Awards don Barkwanci
* Dan wasan barkwanci na shekara: Matasa Favour
* Gwarzon dan wasan barkwanci: MBG Abuja Merit Awards
* Dan wasan barkwanci na shekara: National Daily Awards
* Dan wasan barkwanci na shekara: Kyautar Arsenal don Kwarewa
* Dan wasan barkwanci na shekara: Mode Men of the year Awards

### 2009

* Jakadan zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya

### 2010

* Dan wasan barkwanci na shekara: Kyautar Nishadantarwa ta Najeriya 

### 2013

* Mafi kyawun ɗan kasuwa mai ƙirƙira na shekara, (nau'in wasan ban dariya): Ƙirƙirar ƴan kasuwan Najeriya (CEAN)
* Mafi kyawun Taron AY Live: NELAS Awards 2018, United Kingdom 

## Zababbun fina-finai

## Duba kuma

* Jerin mutanen Yarbawa
* Jerin 'yan wasan barkwanci na Najeriya

## Manazarta
Kirsten Zickfeld

**Kirsten Zickfeld** ita wata kwararriyar kimiyyar yanayi ce Bajamushiya wacce a yanzu tana can Kanada. Ita mamba ce ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Kwamitin Gudanar da Sauyin Yanayi, kuma ta kasance daya daga cikin mawallafa a kan Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Duniya na 1.5 ° C (SR15).Zickfeld ya kammala Jagoran Kimiyya. Digiri a fannin kimiyyar lissafi a Jami'ar Free University of Berlin a shekara ta alif 1998, sannan digiri na uku a fannin kimiyyar lissafi a Jami'ar Potsdam a shekara ta 2004.

## Aikin bincike
Zickfeld ta kammala digirin digirgir a fannin kimiyyar lissafi a jami'ar Free University of Berlin a shekarar 1998, sannan ta yi digirin digirgir a fannin kimiyyar lissafi a jami'ar Potsdam a shekarar 2004. Bayan haka, Zickfield ta gudanar da bincike kan sauyin yanayi a Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research. Jami'ar Victoria da Cibiyar Kanada don Samar da Samfura da Bincike.

Tun daga shekara ta 2010, Zickfeld tana gudanar da bincike a matsayin farfesa a fannin kimiyyar yanayi a Jami'ar Simon Fraser, a Burnaby, British Columbia. Bincikenta ya ƙunshi bangarori daban-daban na sauyin yanayi, gami da dabarun ragewa kamar fasahohin fitar da hayaki mara kyau. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin marubutan Kanada guda biyu, kuma ɗaya daga cikin mawallafa 91, akan Rahoton Musamman kan Sauyin Yanayi (IPCC) akan dumamar yanayi na 1.5 °C (SR15).

An ambaci binciken Zickfeld sama da sau 3,800, kuma yana da h-index da i10-index na 30 da 44 bi da bi. Ta sami lambar yabo ta Shugaban kasa na shekarar 2019. don Jagoranci a Dorewa daga Jami'ar Simon Fraser.

## Littafi Mai Tsarki da aka zaɓa

* Matthews, H. Damon, Nathan P. Gillett, Peter A. Stott, da Kirsten Zickfeld. "Yawancin dumamar yanayi zuwa tarin iskar carbon." *Nature*. 2009.
* Eby, M., K. Zickfeld, A. Montenegro, D. Archer, KJ Meissner, da AJ Weaver. "Lokacin rayuwar canjin yanayi na anthropogenic: ma'auni na tsawon shekaru na yuwuwar CO2 da rikicewar yanayin zafi." *Journal of Climate*. 2009.
* Zickfeld, Kirsten, Michael Eby, H. Damon Matthews, da Andrew J. Weaver. "Shirya maƙasudin tara hayaƙi don rage haɗarin sauyin yanayi mai haɗari." *Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences*. 2009.
* Gillett, Nathan P., Vivek K. Arora, Kirsten Zickfeld, Shawn J. Marshall, da William J. Merryfield. "Ci gaba da sauyin yanayi biyo bayan dakatar da hayakin carbon dioxide gaba daya." *Nature Geoscience*. 2011.

### Rahoton da aka ƙayyade na SR15
IPCC, 2018: *Dumamar Duniya na 1.5°C. Wani rahoto na musamman na IPCC game da tasirin dumamar yanayi na 1.5°C sama da matakan masana'antu da kuma hanyoyin da ke haifar da hayaki mai gurbata yanayi a duniya, dangane da karfafa martanin duniya game da barazanar sauyin yanayi, ci gaba mai dorewa, da kuma kokarin kawar da talauci.* [V. Masson-Delmotte, P. Zhai, HO Pörtner, D. Roberts, J. Skea, PR Shukla, A. Pirani, W. Moufouma-Okia, C. Péan, R. Pidcock, S. Connors, JBR Matthews, Y. Chen , X. Zhou, MI Gomis, E. Lonnoy, T. Maycock, M. Tignor, T. Waterfield (eds.)].

## Manazarta