Neliska Ann Briscoe

**Neliska Ann Briscoe** (Afrilu 7, 1914 - Agusta 25, 1994) 'yar rawa ce ta Amurka, shugabar ƙungiyar makada ta jazz, kuma 'yar kasuwa.

## Bayani
'Yar Eddie Briscoe, mai gyaran nama, da Neliska Thomas, mai dafa abinci kuma mai kula da gida daga Mexico, an haife ta a New Orleans, Louisiana . Tana da 'yan'uwa biyu maza da mata da kuma 'yar'uwa ɗaya da ta mutu tana ƙarama.  Aikin Briscoe a matsayin mai nishadantarwa ya fara ne tun tana ɗan shekara tara lokacin da ta yi wasa a wani kulob inda kawunta, Escaliere Thomas, ke aiki na ɗan lokaci da yamma. An yi mata laƙabi da "Baby" (wani lokacin "Babe"), wanda ta ci gaba da riƙewa a cikin aikinta na nishaɗi tun tana babba.

## Farkon aikina
Tun tana ƙarama, Briscoe ta yi wasa a New Orleans a St. Bernard Alley Cabaret a matsayin mai rawa a wasan kwaikwayo a bene inda ita kaɗai ce ke yin wasan kwaikwayo. Briscoe, wacce take a kan dandamali, ta ci gaba da yin rawa a matsayin mai rawa a wasan kwaikwayo a New Orleans kamar Astoria, Entertainers, da Owl a farkon shekarunta na ƙuruciya, waɗanda galibi ake ambata a cikin jaridu a matsayin babban abin jan hankali na wasan kwaikwayo a cikin gidajen rawa. 

A watan Fabrairun 1931, lokacin tana da shekaru 17, Briscoe ta koma birnin New York don neman aikin rawa. An ɗauke ta aiki a Small's Paradise Club .

Ta rasa aiki na tsawon akalla makonni da dama a lokacin da take murmurewa. A shekarar 1933, ta koma ƙasarta ta asali wato New Orleans don ta shahara sosai a fagen jazz na gida har ta sami lakabin "Mai Jin Daɗin New Orleans." Mai kunna piano Joe Robichaux ya ɗauke ta aiki don jagorantar ƙungiyarsa, New Orleans Rhythm Boys, ƙungiyar da ta ƙunshi mambobi har goma sha biyar, ciki har da mata uku: Briscoe, Joan Lunceford (mawaƙiya), da Ann Cooper (ƙaho). Ta yi sanye da abin da ya zama alamarta ta tuxedo, Briscoe ta yi aiki a matsayin mai rawa ta tap, tana nishadantar da jama'a a gaban ƙungiyar Robichaux a lokacin da kuma tsakanin shirye-shiryen kiɗa.

Briscoe ta yi aiki tare da Robichaux kusan shekaru biyar kafin ta shiga wata ƙungiya, Harlem Playgirls, a farkon 1938. Wannan ƙungiyar mawaƙa 'yan Afirka-Amurka ta mata ta yi yawon buɗe ido a ƙasar inda ta sami yabo da yabo daga jama'a . Daga 1938 zuwa 1940, Briscoe, sanye da tuxedo da sandar hannu, ta jagoranci ƙungiyar lokacin da ta yi wasa a Apollo Theatre da ke birnin New York a ranar Godiya a 1938 da kuma a ƙananan wurare a Frederick, Maryland ; Cleveland, Ohio ; Youngstown, Ohio; da Jackson, Tennessee . Harlem Playgirls sun yi wasanni da yawa a Tick Tock Tavern da ke New Orleans. A wannan lokacin, Briscoe ba wai kawai ta kasance "jagora" ga ƙungiyar ba, har ma ta kasance shugabar ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta gaske.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Bayan tafiyarta ta shekaru biyu tare da Harlem Playgirls, Briscoe ta koma New Orleans, inda ta haɗu da wani matukin jirgin ruwa mai suna David "Val" Mouton. A lokacin da ta kai kololuwar nasararta, ta bar aikinta a harkar wasan kwaikwayo don ta auri Mouton a shekarar 1942. Sun haifi 'ya'ya mata biyu, Avon ("Vonnie") da Debra, da ɗa ɗaya Hodges. Briscoe, mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin zaɓe, ta zama mai rijistar zaɓe a New Orleans a shekarar 1948.

Briscoe ta saki mijinta a shekarar 1950 saboda cin zarafin gida. Bayan rabuwar auren, ita da 'ya'yanta mata sun zauna tare da mahaifiyarta a titin North Tonti da ke New Orleans, kuma Briscoe ta zama 'yar kasuwa mai nasara. Ta yi karatun kwalliya, ta gudanar da shagon kyauta mai suna Avon da Debra's Gift Shop bayan 'ya'yanta mata, ta mallaki ƙaramin gidan cin abinci, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai dinki, tana yin rigunan ƙwallo ga Mardi Gras. 

A shekarar 1957, Briscoe ta auri Clarence Casimire, wanda ta sani tun tana ƙarama. Ɗan'uwan Briscoe, Joseph Mitchell, shi ne ya yi bikin auren a Cocin Baptist na Christian Mission da ya kafa tare a New Orleans. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan aurensu, ma'auratan sun ƙaura zuwa Cleveland tare da 'ya'yan Briscoe da 'yar Casimire daga auren da suka yi a baya. Sun haifi ɗa ɗaya. Duk da ritayarta daga dandamali, Briscoe ta ci gaba da yin waka. Ta fara koyon saxophone a shekarunta na sittin, ta rabu a ranar haihuwarta ta saba'in da biyar, sannan ta yi rawa a ranar haihuwarta ta tamanin.

A shekarar 1994, an kwantar da Briscoe a asibiti sakamakon ciwon ƙashi a Asibitin St. Alexis da ke Cleveland. Wata mai kula da mata a asibitin ta shaida wa ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'yan Briscoe cewa Briscoe "ta yi magana game da zama shahararriyar mai rawa... game da sanya tuxedo na satin da kuma jagorantar ƙungiyar makaɗa. Mai kula da mata ta ƙara da sauri cewa tabbas morphine ne".  Ta mutu watanni huɗu bayan cikarta shekaru 80, a ranar 25 ga Agusta, 1994.

## Lambobin yabo da girmamawa
A shekara ta 2004, an haɗa Briscoe a cikin wani baje kolin kayan tarihi na Matan Jazz a wurin shakatawa na Jazz na Tarihi na Kasa da ke New Orleans. Domin tunawa da cika shekaru goma da rasuwarta, 'ya'yanta mata sun kafa Asusun Tallafin Karatu na Jarirai Briscoe a Jami'ar Tulane . 

## Manazarta