Obi Egbuna

**Obi Benue Egbuna** (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli na shekara ta alif ɗari tara da talatin da takwas (1938) A Chris, ya mutu a ranar 18 ga watan Janairu shekara ta dubu biyu da sha huɗu ( 2014) ya bada gudun mawa a Nijeriya a bangarori daban daban kamar -wallafai wallafai, marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo sannan dan siyasar da aka sani ga manyan Universal Launin ta Association (UCPA) da kuma kasancewa memba na Burtaniya Black damisa Movement na shekarar (1968-72) a lokacin shekarun da ya rayu a Ingila, tsakanin shekarar (1961 zuwa 1973). Egbuna ya buga rubutu da yawa akan Marxist - Black Power, gami da *Rushe Wannan Haikali: Muryar Baƙar Ƙarfi a Biritaniya* a shekarar(1971) da *The ABC of Black Power Thought a shekarar* (1973).

## Tarihin Rayuwa

### Shekarun farko da ilimi
An haifi Egbuna a Ozubulu, a Jihar Anambra, Najeriya. Ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Iowa da Jami'ar Howard, Washington, DC, inda ya koma a shekarar 1961 zuwa Ingila, inda ya zauna har zuwa shekarar 1973.

### Harkokin siyasa a Burtaniya
A Landan, Egbuna memba ne na wata ƙungiya da ake kira Kwamitin Ƙungiyoyin Afirka waɗanda ke da asali a cikin Ƙungiyar Ɗaliban Afirka ta Yamma, kuma waɗanda suka shirya ziyarar Malcolm X a shekarar 1965 a Biritaniya.   Egbuna ya halarci abubuwan da kungiyar masu fasahar Caribbean suka shirya,  kuma a cikin shekara ta 1966 an yi wasansa na *Wind Versus Polygamy* a Bikin Duniya na Negro Arts a Dakar, Senegal,  inda Pan African Players da Negro Theater Workshop ( wanda aka kafa a London da Pearl Connor ) ya wakilci Ingila.  Ya zama majagaba na motsi na Black Power a Biritaniya,  kafa Ƙungiyar Jama'a Masu Launi ta Duniya (UCPA) - "ƙungiyar Black Power ta farko da aka bayyana a Burtaniya a watan Agusta a shekara ta 1967, bayan ziyarar Stokely Carmichael " - da magana a babban gangamin yaki da Vietnam a watan Oktoban wannan shekarar.  Egbuna ya kuma halarci Jami'ar Antiuniversity ta London .  

A watan Agusta a shekarar 2020, Egbuna ta dan, Obi Egbuna Jr, ya yi magana candidly zuwa Bryan Knight ta *gaya A abokai* podcast game da mahaifinsa siyasa fafatukar da kuma yaki da wariyar launin fata a cikin kasar Birtaniya na shekarar 1960 da kuma shekara ta 1970s. 

Kasancewar Marxism ya rinjayi shi sosai, Egbuna ya jaddada mahimmancin gwagwarmayar ƙasa da ƙasa da jari -hujja, a zaman wani ɓangare na gwagwarmayar duniya da zalunci na launin fata. A cikin wani jawabi daga shekarar 1967 a dandalin Trafalgar, London, Egbuna ya bayyana cewa: "Black Power yana nufin kawai cewa baƙar fata na wannan duniyar ta fita don kawar da zaluncin 'yan jari hujja ga baƙar fata a duk inda ta kasance ta kowace hanya."  A ranar 10 ga watan Nuwamba a shekara ta 1967, ya ƙaddamar da *Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfi*, wanda Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Ƙwararrun Jama'a ta Duniya ta buga. A matsayin mai magana da yawun kungiyar, ya yi ikirarin cewa sun dauki mambo bi 778 a Landan cikin makonni bakwai da suka gabata.  A shekara ta 1968 Egbuna ya buga wata ƙasida mai taken *Ƙarfin Ƙarfi ko Mutuwa* . 

Egbuna ya kuma ga motsi na ɗaliban gurguzu da na kwaminisanci na shekarar 1960 a matsayin matsala ga Black Power . Kodayake akida ta kafu a cikin irin wannan al'adar ta Markisanci, amma ya ga ƙungiyoyin ɗalibai a matsayin "ƙungiyoyin gurguzu" waɗanda ke ba da umarni daga "jigon cewa kawai sun karanta kuma za su iya fahimtar Marx".  Wannan raunin hankali ya kasance, a cewar Egbuna, "yana yin babbar illa ga abin da suke ikirarin ɗaukaka" ta hanyar yin watsi da launin fata a matsayin babban dalilin zaluntar ma'aikatan baƙar fata:Babu wanda ke cikin hankalinsa na jayayya cewa gaskiyar cewa ma'aikacin Farin farar fata ne ga cin amanar 'yan jari hujja, da kuma Baƙin Aiki. Amma daidai gwargwado shine gaskiyar cewa ana amfani da Farin ma'aikacin ne kawai saboda ma'aikaci ne, ba don fari bane, yayin da akasin haka, ana zaluntar Baƙin Ma'aikaci, ba wai saboda ma'aikaci bane kawai, amma kuma saboda Baƙi ne. A cikin shekara ta 1960, masu tausayawa Black Power da yawa sun bar ƙungiyoyin ɗaliban su na gurguzu da na kwaminisanci sannan daga baya suka fara nasu ƙungiyoyin Black Power na Marxist -orientated Black Power Alliance, kamar Black Socialist Alliance.

Sakamakon dokar dangantakar launin fata na shekarar 1965, ingiza rikicin kabilanci ya zama doka a cikin Burtaniya. An ci tarar membobin UCPA na Egbuna da yawa a karkashin wannan aikin. Egbuna a wancan shekarar an daure shi bisa zargin yin barazanar kashe 'yan sanda da wasu' yan siyasa. 

### Shekarun baya
Littafin labari na ƙarshe na Egbuna, *The Madness of Didi*, an buga shi a 1980. Ya mutu a Washington, DC, a ranar 18 ga Janairun 2014, yana da shekaru 75, kuma an yi jana'izar rayuwarsa da aikinsa ranar Asabar, 1 ga Maris, 2014, a Babban Masallacin Rankin, Jami'ar Howard, Washington, DC. 

Takaddun Egbuna ana gudanar da su a Cibiyar Bincike a Al'adun Baƙar fata, Manufofin Rubutu, Rumbun Littattafai da Rare Books Division, a Makarantar Jama'a ta New York. 

## Littafin tarihin

## Duba kuma

* Ƙarfin Ƙarfi
* Markisanci

## Kara karantawa

* Sivanadan, A., *Yunwa dabam* -dabam - Rubuce -rubuce akan Baƙuncin Resistance, London: Pluto Press, 1982)
* "Sharhi: Maganar 'Kogin Jini' na Enoch Powell", *Daily Telegraph*, 6 ga watan Nuwamba a shekara ta (2007).
* Bunce, RER, da Paul Field, "Obi B. Egbuna, CLR James da Haihuwar Ƙarfin Ƙarfi a Biritaniya: Baƙin Rini a Biritaniya 1967 - 72", *Tarihin Biritaniya na ƙarni na ashirin*, ga watan Satumba a shekara ta (2011) Vol. 22, fitowa ta 3, p.&nbsp;391.

## Manazarta