Masarautar

Fayil:Hafsid1400.png|Ifriqiya under the Hafsids
Fayil:EthniesSénégal.jpg|Trarza (upper left)
Fayil:Map_of_Cyrenaica.png|Cyrenaica in Libya
**masarautar** yanki ne wanda sarkin (emir: Ameer أمير - Turanci: Yarima) ke mulki,  lakabin da sarakuna ko manyan masu mulki a Duniyar Musulmi ke amfani da shi. Daga ra'ayi na tarihi, masarautar ƙungiya ce ta siyasa da addini da ta fi ƙanƙanta a cikin KHalifa. Ana iya ɗaukarsa daidai da shugabanci a cikin abubuwan da ba Musulmi ba.

A halin yanzu a duniya, akwai masarauta uku waɗanda ke da kasashe masu zaman kansu (Afghanistan, Kuwait, da Qatar) da kuma jihar da ta ƙunshi tarayyar masarauta bakwai (Damarkin Larabawa). Yawancin masarautun da suka kasance masu zaman kansu a duniya yanzu suna cikin manyan jihohi.

## Magana
A  asalin, **masarautar** ko **Amirate** (Arabic: إمارة **', jam'i:  **') inganci ne, mutunci, ofis, ko ikon yanki na kowane sarkin (sarki, kwamandan, gwamna, da dai sauransu). A cikin Turanci, ana kiran kalmar /ˈɛmərət, -ɪər-, -ɪt, -eɪt/ ko //ɪˈmɪərət/,-ɪt, iˈ-/ a cikin Turanci na Burtaniya da //ˈɛmərət// ko /ɪˈmɪɪərət/ a cikin Ingilishi na Amurka.

## Nau'o'in

### Masarauta
Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa jiha ce ta tarayya wacce ta kunshi masarautun tarayya guda bakwai, kowannensu ana gudanar da shi ta hanyar sarkin gado, waɗannan bakwai suna samar da Kwalejin zaɓe ga shugaban tarayya da Firayim Minista.

Kamar yadda yawancin masarautun suka ɓace, an haɗa su a cikin babbar jiha ta zamani, ko kuma sun canza salon sarakunansu, misali zuwa Maliki (Larabci don "sarki") ko Sultan, irin waɗannan jihohin masarautar gaskiya sun zama da wuya.

### Yankuna
Bugu da ƙari, a cikin Larabci ana iya amfani da kalmar gabaɗaya don nufin kowane lardin ƙasar da memba na rukunin masu mulki ke gudanarwa, musamman na memba (yawanci ana kiransa sarkin) na dangin sarauta, kamar yadda yake a cikin gwamnatocin Saudi Arabiya.

## Jerin masarautun yanzu

* (tun daga 15 ga Agusta 2021) 
* (tun daga 14 ga Mayu 1961) 
* (tun daga 3 ga Satumba 1971) 
* (tun daga 2 ga Disamba 1971) 
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## Jerin tsoffin masarautun da aka haɗa
Waɗannan su ne masarautun da ko dai sun daina wanzuwa, ba a gane su ba kuma ba su da iko na gaske, ko kuma an haɗa su cikin wata ƙasa kuma an kiyaye su a matsayin "jihohin gargajiya". An shirya su ta wurin wuri kuma a cikin tsari na ranar shugaban farko da ake kira "emir".

### Afirka

#### Arewacin Afirka

* Masarautar Nekor, yankin Rif na Morocco na zamani 710-1019
* Masarautar Ifriqiya, Aghlabid Ifriqiia a cikin Tunisiya ta zamani, Aljeriya, Sicily, Morocco, da Libya 800-909
* Masarautar Tunis, Hafsid Ifriqiya a cikin Tunisiya ta zamani, Aljeriya, da Libya 1229-1574
* Zab Emirate, Aljeriya ta zamani a kusa da 1400 (gajeren rayuwa) 
* Masarautar Trarza, ta zamani kudu maso yammacin Mauritania 1640s-1910s
* Masarautar Cyrenaica, gabashin Libya na zamani 1949-1951 (ya zama Masarautar Libya) 

Fayil:FederationOfSouthArabiaMap.jpg|Beihan and Dhala in South Arabia
Fayil:First_Saudi_State_Big.png|Diriyah
Fayil:Second_Saudi_State_Big.png|Nejd
Fayil:Alrasheed_hail_english.png|Jabal Shammar
Fayil:Sa_mapa6.png|Asir at its height
Fayil:LocationBahrain.svg|Bahrain
Fayil:Saudi_Arabia_-_province_locator_template.png|Saudi Arabian emirate divisions


#### Yankin Afirka da ke kudu da Sahara

##### Habasha

* Masarautar Harar, gabashin Habasha 1647-1887

##### Ghana

* Zabarma Emirate, arewa maso gabashin Ghana 1860s-1897

##### Nijar

* Masarautar Say, kudu maso yammacin Nijar karni na 19- (haɗe) 

##### Najeriya

* Masarautar Fika, arewa maso gabashin Najeriya karni na 15- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Gwandu, arewa maso yammacin Najeriya karni na 15 zuwa 2005 (haɗe sannan aka tsige shi) 
* Masarautar Kebbi, arewa maso yammacin Najeriya 1516- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Borgu, yammacin tsakiyar Najeriya, an kafa ta ne daga Masarautar Bussa 1730-1954 da Masarautar Kaiama 1912-54, hadin kai 1954- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Gumel, arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya 1749- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Yauri, arewa maso yammacin Najeriya 1799- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Gombe, arewa maso gabashin Najeriya 1804- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Kano, arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya 1805- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Bauchi, arewa maso gabashin Najeriya 1805- (haɗe) 
* Daura Emirate, arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya daga 1805- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Katsina, arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya 1806- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Katagum, arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya 1807- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Zaria, arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya 1808- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Potiskum, arewa maso gabashin Najeriya 1809- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Adamawa, gabashin Najeriya da kuma a baya zuwa yammacin Kamaru 1809- (haɗe inda aka adana) 
* Masarautar Ilorin, kudu maso yammacin Najeriya 1817- (haɗe) 
* Muri Emirate, gabashin tsakiyar Najeriya 1817- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Kazaure, arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya 1819- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Lapai, tsakiyar Najeriya 1825- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Suleja, tsakiyar Najeriya 1828- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Agaie, yammacin tsakiyar Najeriya 1832- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Bida, yammacin tsakiyar Najeriya 1856- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Kontagora, arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya 1858- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Borno, arewa maso gabashin Najeriya 1900- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Dikwa, arewa maso gabashin Najeriya 1901- (haɗe) 
* Masarautar Biu, arewa maso gabashin Najeriya 1920- (haɗe) 

### Asiya

#### Arabiya

* Masarautar Makka, Yammacin Arabiya 967-1916
* Masarautar Uyunid, yankin Arabiya na zamani 1076-1253
* Masarautar Jabrids, Gabas da Tsakiyar Arabiya 1417-1524
* Masarautar Al-Uyaynah ta tsakiya 1446-1760
* Masarautar Bani Khalid, Gabashin Arabiya 1669-1796
* Masarautar Beihan, kudancin Yemen na zamani 1680-1967
* Masarautar Diriyah, galibi a Saudi Arabia ta zamani da Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa 1727-1818
* Masarautar Nejd, tsakiya da gabashin Arabiya 1818-91
* Masarautar Dhala, kudancin Yemen na zamani farkon karni na 19 zuwa 1967
* Masarautar Jabal Shammar, arewa maso tsakiyar Arabiya 1836-1921
* Masarautar Nejd da Hasa, tsakiyar Arabiya 1902-21
* Masarautar Idrisid ta Asir, Jizan a kudu maso yammacin Saudi Arabia 1906-34
* Masarautar Bahrain, 1971-2002 (kafin ta kasance a ƙarƙashin Hakim (mai mulki) ; bayan a ƙarƙashin malik (sarki) ) 
* Saudi Arabia">Masarautar Saudi Arabia, larduna goma sha uku na Saudi Arabia

Fayil:Bukhara1850.png|Bukhara
Fayil:Kashgar Prefecture in China.svg|Khotan in modern China


#### Asiya ta Tsakiya

* Masarautar Bukhara, Uzbekistan ta zamani 1785-1920
* Masarautar Khotan, 1933 arewa maso yammacin China, ta haɗu da Jamhuriyar Turkestan ta Gabas ta Farko

Fayil:LocationAfghanistan.svg|Emirate of Afghanistan


#### Kudancin Asiya

* Afghanistan" id="mwAVc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Emirate of Afghanistan">Masarautar Afghanistan, Afghanistan 1823-1929
* Afghanistan_(1996–2001)" id="mwAVo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (1996–2001)">Masarautar Musulunci ta Afghanistan (1996-2001) , lokacin farko na mulkin Taliban a Afghanistan (wanda aka hambarar) 
* Masarautar Musulunci ta Kunar, kudancin Afghanistan 1991-1991
* Masarautar Multan
* Masarautar Habbarid

Fayil:LocationAfghanistan.svg|Emirate of Afghanistan


#### Gabas ta Tsakiya

* Masarautar Mosul (duba jerin sarakuna don ƙarin), Iraki ta zamani 905-1096, 1127-1222, 1254-1383, 1758-1918
* Masarautar Melitene, tsakiyar Turkiyya ta zamani a tsakiyar karni na tara zuwa 934
* Masarautar Amida, Gabashin Turkiyya na zamani 983-1085
* Masarautar Karaman, kudu maso tsakiyar Anatolia 1250-1487
* Masarautar Aydin, jihar da ta kunshi Oghuz Turks a Turkiyya ta zamani daga farkon karni na 14 zuwa 1390
* Masarautar Dulkadir, Turkiyya ta zamani 1337-1522
* Masarautar Erzincan, ƙarni na 14-15
* Masarautar Ramazan, Turkiyya ta zamani 1352-1608
* Lebanon" id="mwAYU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Emirate of Mount Lebanon">Masarautar Dutsen Lebanon, Lebanon ta zamani 1516-1842
* Timur_Emirates" id="mwAYg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Timurid Emirates">Masarautar Timurid, daular Timur da ƙananan masarautun da suka bar bayan faduwar Daular Timurid a Gabas ta Tsakiya, 1526-c.1550
* Masarautar Soran, arewacin Iraki na zamani 1816-35
* Az Zubayr, gari a cikin Gwamnatin Basra, Iraki a cikin karni na 16
* Jordan" id="mwAZI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Emirate of Transjordan">Masarautar Transjordan, Jordan ta zamani 1921-46
* Masarautar Musulunci ta Byara, Yankin Kurdistan na zamani, Iraki, 2001-2003

Fayil:Anatolia1300.png|Ottoman emirate in 1300, labeled 'Osman'
Fayil:Timurid_Dynasty_821_-_873_(AH).png|Timurid Emirate under the leadership of Timur
Fayil:PalestineAndTransjordan.png|Transjordan


### Turai

#### Caucasus

* Masarautar Armenia, Caucasus 637-884
* Masarautar Darband, Dagestan 869-1075
* Masarautar Tbilisi, Georgia ta zamani 736-1080, a cikin suna zuwa 1122
* Masarautar Arewacin Caucasus, Chechnya da Dagestan a cikin Caucasus 1919-1920
* Caucasus_Emirate" id="mwAb0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Caucasus Emirate">Masarautar Caucasus, Caucasus 2007-2017 (ba a san shi ba) 

Fayil:Shaddadid.gif|Darband, Azerbaijan
Fayil:81ArabAbbasidPeriod750-885.gif|Armenia


#### Iberia

* Masarautar Córdoba, Spain ta zamani da Portugal 756-929 (sunan ya canza zuwa Khalifa a cikin 929) 
* Masarautar Badajoz, Portugal ta zamani da yammacin Spain 1009-1151
* Almería" id="mwAdQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="List of Emirs of Almería">Masarautar Almería, yankin Almería da Cartagena a cikin Spain ta zamani kuma a kan 1013-1091
* Jerez de la Frontera">Masarautar Jerez, garuruwan Jerez de la Frontera da Arcos de la Frontera a kudancin Spain na zamani 1145-1147
* Masarautar Granada, kudancin Spain na zamani 1228-1492

Fayil:Coras_del_Emirato_de_Córdoba.png|Córdoba
Fayil:Location_map_Taifa_of_Badajoz.svg|Badajoz
Fayil:Reino_de_Granada.svg|Granada


#### Yankin Bahar Rum

* Masarautar tsibirin Karita, tsibirin Krata, Girka ta zamani, 824 ko 827/828 zuwa 961
* Bari" id="mwAfY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Emirate of Bari">Masarautar Bari, birnin Bari a kudancin Italiya 847-871
* Masarautar Malta, 870-1091
* Sicily" id="mwAfs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Emirate of Sicily">Masarautar Sicily, Sicily 965-1072
* Masarautar Qatansáar, birnin Catanzaro a kudancin Italiya 903-1050

Fayil:Periferia_Kritis.png|Crete within modern Greece
Fayil:Italy_1000_AD.svg|Sicily (at bottom)


## Dubi kuma

* Halifa
* Sultanate
* Khanate

## Manazarta