open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ciwon Asperger

**AS** syndrome (AS), wanda aka fi sani da **Asperger's** syndrome ko Asperger, lakabin bincike ne wanda aka yi amfani da shi a tarihi don bayyana rikicewar ci gaban jijiyoyi wanda ke da manyan matsaloli a cikin hulɗar zamantakewa da Sadarwa ba tare da magana ba, tare da ƙuntataccen, maimaitawa na halayyar da abubuwan da suka fi so. An haɗa **Ciwon Asperger** tare da wasu yanayi a cikin rikice-rikicen autism (ASD) kuma ba a gano shi ba a cikin ICD-11 na WHO ko DSM-5-TR na APA. An yi la'akari da shi  mafi sauƙi fiye da sauran ganewar asali waɗanda aka haɗa su cikin ASD saboda harshe da basira da ba su da kyau. 

## Rarraba
Matsayin haɗuwa tsakanin cutar Asperger da sauran nau'ikan autism, musamman abin da ake kira wani lokacin autism mai aiki ba a bayyane yake ba. Rarrabawar ASD ta kasance har zuwa wani abu ne na yadda aka gano autism, kuma bazai nuna ainihin yanayin bakan ba; matsalolin hanyoyin sun mamaye cutar Asperger a matsayin ingantaccen ganewar asali daga farko. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, a cikin shekarun 2010, an kawar da cutar Asperger, a matsayin ganewar asali daban, kuma an ninka shi cikin rikicewar autism a cikin DSM-5 da ICD-11. Kamar ganewar asali na cutar Asperger,  canjin ya kasance mai kawo rigima.  

Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) a baya ta bayyana cutar Asperger (AS) a matsayin daya daga cikin cututtukan ci gaba (PDD), wanda shine nau'ikan cututtukani na tunanin mutum waɗanda ke nunawa ta hanyar rikice-rikice na hulɗar zamantakewa da sadarwa waɗanda ke mamaye aikin mutum, da kuma ƙuntataccen sha'awa da maimaitawa. Kamar sauran yanayin ci gaban jijiyoyi, ASD yana farawa tun yana jariri ko yaro, yana da tsari mai ɗorewa ba tare da raguwa ko sake dawowa ba, kuma yana da raunin da ke haifar da canje-canje masu alaƙa da balaga a cikin tsarin kwakwalwa daban-daban.

matukar damuwa a cikin yawan mutanen da ke fama da autism. Wani binciken ya gano cewa manya da ke fama da cutar Asperger sun nuna tunanin kashe kansa sau 9 na yawan jama'a. Daga cikin mahalarta binciken autistic, kashi 66% sun sami ra'ayin kashe kansa, yayin da kashi 35% suka shirya ko yunkurin kashe kansa.

### Mu'mula da mutane
 
A Rashin nuna tausayi yana shafar fannoni na hulɗar zamantakewa ga mutanen da ke fama da cutar Asperger. Mutanen da ke fama da cutar Asperger suna fuskantar matsaloli a cikin abubuwa na asali na hulɗar zamantakewa, wanda zai iya haɗawa da gazawar haɓaka abota ko neman jin daɗi ko nasarori tare da wasu (misali, nuna wasu abubuwa masu sha'awa); rashin haɗin kai ko motsin rai; da kuma lalacewar halayen da ba na magana ba a yankuna kamar hulɗa da ido, Bayyana fuska, matsayi, da alama.re.

## Manazarta
Idris l Mizouni

**Idris El Mizouni** (an haife shi 26 Satumba 2000) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na Leyton Orient, aro daga Ipswich Town. An haife shi a Faransa, ya taba wakiltar tawagar kasar Tunisia.

## Aikin kulob

### Garin Ipswich
An haife shi a Paris, El Mizouni ya zo ta makarantar kimiyya a Ipswich. Ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin ƙwararrun sa na farko a kan 20 Disamba 2018, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekara biyu da rabi a Ipswich har zuwa 2021, tare da zaɓi na ƙarin shekara.  Ya buga wasansa na farko na kwararru a kulob din a ranar 12 ga Maris 2019, a wasan da suka tashi 1–1 da Bristol City a Ashton Gate .  El Mizouni ya buga wasanni hudu a kakar wasa ta farko a Portman Road, bayan da ya ci gaba ta kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru 18 da kuma 'yan kasa da shekaru 23 a cikin tawagar farko a cikin kakar 2018-19. Ci gaban da ya samu ya sa ya fara kiransa na farko zuwa babban tawagar Tunisia a watan Yunin 2019, wanda ya sa ya zama dan wasa na farko a tarihin kulob din da ya buga wa Tunisia wasa a matakin manya.

Ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a matsayin kwararre a ranar 4 ga Disamba 2019, inda ya zira kwallon farko a wasan da suka tashi 1 – 1 da Peterborough United a filin wasa na titin london  a gasar EFL Trophy zagaye na biyu, tare da Ipswich ta ci wasan 5 – 6 a bugun fenareti. . 

## Cambridge United (loan)
A ranar 23 ga Janairu 2020, El Mizouni ya koma ƙungiyar League Two ta Cambridge United a matsayin aro na sauran kakar 2019-20.  Ya buga wasansa na farko a kulob din a ranar 25 ga watan Janairu, inda ya bayyana a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin a sashe na biyu a wasan da suka tashi 1-1 da Morecambe .  Ya zira kwallonsa ta farko a ranar 11 ga Fabrairu, inda ya zira kwallo ta 20-free-kick a wasan da suka yi waje da Scunthorpe United da ci 0–2.  Lamunin nasa a Cambridge ya ƙare a ranar 2 ga Maris bayan daya sami rauni a gwiwa a lokacin da suka fadi a wasan su da Carlisle United ta yi da ci 1-2a ranar 29 ga Fabrairu, wanda hakan ya sa bai samu dama buga wasan ba na sauran kakar wasanni. Ya buga wasanni 7 a lokacin aro a kungiyar, inda ya zura kwallo daya. 

## Ayyukan kasa da kasa
An haifi Mizouni a Faransa kuma ya cancanci buga wa Tunisia wasa a matakin kasa da kasa ta hannun mahaifinsa. A shekarar 2018 ne aka kira shi zuwa tawagar ‘yan wasan Olympics ta Tunisia domin buga wasannin sada zumunta a shirye-shiryen tunkarar wasannin neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika na ‘yan kasa da shekaru 23 . Ya lashe wasansa na farko a wasan sada zumunci da Italiya U23 a Vicenza a ranar 15 ga Oktoba 2018. Ya zira kwallonsa ta farko ta kasa da kasa a cikin rashin nasara da ci 4–1 a Masar U23 akan 15 Nuwamba 2018. 

Ya buga wasansa na farko a duniya a wasan sada zumunci a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2019, yana zuwa a matsayin maye gurbin minti na 81 a wasan da suka doke Iraki da ci 2-0 a filin wasa na state Olympique.  Bayan buga wasansa na farko a duniya a kasarsa, ya bayyana cewa "Hakika ina alfahari da an kira ni, samun damar sanya rigar yana cika ni da alfahari da farin ciki." 

## Manazarta
Ammar Ramadan

**Ammar Ramadan**(; An haife shi 5 ga watan Janairu, Shekara ta 2001) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Siriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya mai kai hari ko winger na FC DAC 1904 Dunajská Streda a cikin Niké liga.

## Aikin kulob
Ramadan ya fara aiki ne a Jableh, sannan a matatar mai ta Baniyas dake kasar Siriya, kafin ya koma ƙungiyar Al-Khor ta ƙasar Qatar.

### Ƙungiyoyin matasa a Italiya
Ramadan ya bar Siriya zuwa Italiya a watan Oktoba shekara ta 2015, inda ya fara shiga Cimiano Calcio, sannan ya taka leda a kungiyar matasan Juventus daga shekarar 2016 zuwa 2019, inda ya haɗa kai da 'yan wasa irin su Moise Kean, Fabio Miretti da Nicolò Fagioli.

## Manazarta
Prime 9ja Online

***Prime 9ja Online*** Jarida ce ta yanar gizo ta Najeriya wacce Prime 9ja Online Media ke bugawa a jihar Edo, Najeriya mai bayar da labarai da nazari akan siyasa, kasuwanci, nishadantarwa, wasanni, da sauransu. Chima Joseph Ugo ce ta ƙaddamar da gidan yanar gizon a shekarar ta 2016 da nufin wadata 'yan Najeriya da 'yan Afirka sahihan labarai da bayanai masu inganci.

## Tarihi
Prime 9ja Online gidan yanar gizo ne na yaɗa labarai da Chima Joseph Ugo ta kafa a shekarar ta 2016, mai hedikwata a Okada, Edo, Najeriya.

A cikin watan Yuni 2022, Stamp Nigeria ta sanya Prime 9ja Online a cikin manyan jaridu 19 da ke haɓɓaka cikin sauri a Najeriya. 

A watan Maris 2023, jaridar sun ƙaddamar da sashin labarai a cikin turanci Pidgin.

## Pidgin
Baya ga wallafa labarai cikin harshen turanci, Prime 9ja Online kwanan nan sun ƙaddamar da fara wallafa labarai da Pidgin na gidan yanar gizon su, Prime 9ja Online Pidgin. Manufar ita ce ’yan Najeriya waɗanda za su iya fahimtar Turancin Pidgin fiye da Turanci na asali, su samu labarai cikin sauƙi. Wannan yunƙurin yana tabbatar da cewa suna kawo labarai zuwa ga asalin yan yankin, da ƙarin bawa mutane damar samun ingantattun labarai da bayanai masu inganci.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na Waje
*  in English language
*  in Nigerian pidgin
The Nation (Najeriya)

***The Nation*** jarida ce ta yau da kullum da ake bugawa a Legas, Najeriya. A wani bincike da aka yi a shekarar 2009 ita ce jarida ta biyu da aka fi karantawa a Najeriya, kuma an sake maimaita wannan sakamakon a cikin rahoton 2011 na ƙungiyar Masu Talla ta Najeriya (ADVANS). 

Shafin yanar gizon jaridar ya ce ya tsaya ga 'yanci, adalci da tattalin arzikin kasuwa. Masu mu'amala da jaridar sune ƴan kasuwa da ƴan siyasa, masu wadata, masu ilimi da masu hannu da shuni. An zargi jaridar da yaɗa labaran ƙarya. 

*Jaridar* na da kamfanonin buga littattafai a Legas, Abuja da Fatakwal.

Jaridar na wallafa labarai da suka shafi kasuwanci da tattalin arziki, manufofin jama'a, tsarin dimokuradiyya da cibiyoyin dimokuradiyya, wasanni, fasaha da al'adu. 

Jaridar ta zama irinta ta farko da ta samu yaduwa a fadin jihohi 36 a Najeriya cikin shekaru biyu da fara aiki. Wannan ya faru ne sakamakon fitaccen littafinta mai shafuka takwas da ta fitar a ranar Alhamis mai suna *Campuslife*, da aka sadaukar musamman ga dalibai ‘yan jarida da marubuta a fadin manyan makarantun Najeriya. Shaharar *Campuslife*, tare da marigayiya Ngozi Nwozor-Agbo a matsayin editan Littafin ta farko, ya taimaka wa jaridar ta zama sananna a faɗin Najeriya, da kuma dalibai da dama da ‘yan jarida da manema labarai da jaridar ta ba da damar rubuta mata a matsayin waɗanda suka kammala karatun digiri a yanzu sun shahara asana'o'insu daban-daban. 

A watan Afrilu 2010, Edo Ugbagwu, dan jarida da ya ba da rahoto game da shari'ar wata kotu, 'yan bindiga sun kashe shi. Ba a san dalilin ba.  

## Editoci
* Manajan Darakta / Babban Editan - Victor Ifijeh
* Edita - Adeniyi Adesina
* Mataimakin Edita - Emmanuel Oladesu
* Shugaban Hukumar Edita - Sam Omatseye
* Edita, Online - Sunday Oguntola
* Manajan Edita, Arewa Operation - Yusuf Alli
* Mataimakin Edita (Labarai) - Bunmi Ogunmodede
* Mataimakin Edita (Babban edita na Kasar) - Onyedi Ojeabor
* O'seun Ogunseitan

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na Waje
* Shafi na Musamman
Tahmasp I

**Tahmasp I** (Farisawa طهماسب يكم *Ṭahmāsb,* ko تهماسب يكم *Tahmâsb*) (An haife shi a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu 1514 - 14 ga Mayu 1576) shi ne shah na biyu na Iran Safawiyya daga shekara ta 1524 har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekara ta 1576. Shi ne babban dan Ismail I da babban matarsa, Tajlu Khanum. Da ya hau kan karagar mulki bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa a ranar 23 ga Mayun 1524, shekarun farko na mulkin Tahmasp sun yi fama da yakin basasa tsakanin shugabannin Qizilbash har zuwa shekara ta 1532, lokacin da ya tabbatar da ikonsa kuma ya fara daula ta cika. Ba da dadewa ba ya fuskanci yaki mai dorewa da Daular Usmaniyya, wanda ya kasu kashi uku, Sarkin Daular Usmaniyya, Suleiman Mai Girma, ya yi kokarin dora nasa 'yan takara a kan karagar Safawiyya.  Yaƙin ya ƙare da Aminci na Amasya a 1555, tare da Usmaniyyas sun sami ikon mallakar Iraƙi, yawancin Kurdistan, da yammacin Jojiya. Tahmasp kuma ya sami sabani da Uzbek na Bukhara akan Khorasan, tare da kai hari Herat akai-akai. A cikin 1528, yana da shekaru goma sha huɗu, ya ci Uzbek a yakin Jam ta hanyar amfani da bindigogi.

Tahmasp majibincin fasaha ne kuma ƙwararren mai zane ne da kansa. Ya gina gidan sarauta na zane-zane, masu zane-zane da mawaƙa. Daga baya a mulkinsa, ya zo ya raina mawaƙa, yana guje wa da yawa, ya kwashe su zuwa kotun Mughal ta Indiya. Shah Tahmasp sananne ne da tsantsan addini da kishi ga reshen Musulunci na Shi'a. Ya ba malamai gata da yawa kuma ya ƙyale su su shiga cikin harkokin shari’a da gudanarwa. A shekara ta 1544 ya bukaci sarkin Mughal mai gudun hijira Humayun ya koma Shi'a don neman taimakon soja don kwato karagarsa a Indiya.

An yi sabani a kan gadonsa kafin mutuwarsa. Lokacin da Tahmasp ya mutu, yakin basasa ya biyo baya, wanda ya kai ga mutuwar yawancin dangin sarki. Mulkin Tahmasp na kusan shekaru hamsin da biyu shine mafi tsayi a cikin kowane memba na Daular Safawiyya.

## Gidan Hoto

## Manazarta
Fandi Othman

**Muhammad Fandi bin Othman** (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Afrilu 1992 a Johor Bahru, Johor) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Malaysian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin hagu na ƙungiyar Malaysia Super League ta Kelantan United .

## Ayyukan kulob din
An ba Fandi gwaji sau ɗaya daga ƙungiyar Slovakian, FC ViOn Zlaté Moravce . 

A ranar 29 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2017, an ba da sanarwar cewa Fandi ya sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da kulob din Felcra na Premier League na Malaysia don 2018 Malaysia Premier League . 

### Kedah
A ranar 3 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2021 Fandi ya amince da shiga kungiyar Kedah Darul Aman ta Malaysia Super League. Ya fara buga wasan farko tare da kulob din a ranar 17 ga watan Maris, a cikin nasarar 3-1 a gida a kan Petaling Jaya City FC .

## Daraja
**Johor Darul Takzim**

* Malaysian Charity Shield: 2015 Mai cin nasara

## Duba kuma

* Harimau Muda A
* Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Malaysia

## Manazarta
Rizal Ghazali

**Mohd Rizal bin Mohd Ghazali** (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Oktoban 1992), wanda aka fi sani da Rizal, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Malaysia wanda ke **Ruwa** wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙwararru ta Malaysia a matsayin mai baya-baya amma kuma yana iya yin wasa a matsayin mai tsakiya-baya.

## Ayyukan kulob din

### Perlis
Rizal ya fara aikinsa tare da ƙungiyar matasa ta Perlis, Kofin Shugaban Perlis . A baya, an inganta shi zuwa babbar ƙungiyar Perlis a shekarar 2011 yana sanye da jersey na lamba 15. Rizal ya shafe shekaru uku tare da babbar ƙungiyar Perlis kafin ya sanya hannu tare da Kedah don kakar shekarar 2014.

### Kedah Darul Aman
A ranar 17 ga Oktobar 2013, Rizal ya sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da Kedah Darul Aman don yin wasa a kakar shekarar 2014.  yi masa rajista tare da lambar jersey 34, kafin ya sauya zuwa lambar jersey 15 daga baya. A farkon bayyanarsa tare da Kedah Darul Aman, Rizal ya taka leda a matsayin mai tsakiya. Wani wuri a cikin shekarar 2015, kocin kulob ɗin na wucin gadi, Ramon Marcote, ya sanya shi a matsayin mai baya na dama yayin da Ramon ke jin cewa Rizal ya fi kyau a wannan matsayi.  haka, ya ci gaba da aiki a matsayin babban ɗan wasan dama na kulob ɗin tun daga lokacin.

Rizal ya zira ƙwallaye a wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin Malaysia na shekarar 2016 wanda duka ƙungiyoyin biyu suka ƙare 1-1 bayan ƙarin lokaci. Kedah ta lashe 6-5 a harbi kuma ta lashe Kofin Malaysia a shekarar 2016.

## Ayyukan ƙasa da ƙasa
Rizal ya fara buga wasan farko na ƙasa da ƙasa ga tawagar ƙasar Malaysia a wasan sada zumunci na 0-0 da Singapore a ranar 7 ga watan Oktobar 2016.

## Kididdigar aiki

### Kungiyar

### Kasashen Duniya

## Daraja

### Kungiyar
**Kedah Darul Aman**

* Gasar Firimiya ta Malaysia: 2015
* Kofin FA na Malaysia: 2017, 2019
* Kofin Malaysia: 2016
* Malaysia Charity Shield: 2017

### Mutumin da ya fi so

* Mutumin wasan karshe na Kofin Malaysia: 2016
* Kyautar Mai Tsaro Mafi Kyawu: 2016

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* 
* Rizal Ghazalia National-Football-Teams.com
* Rizal Ghazalia kanInstagram
Rezal Zambery Yahya

**Rezal Zambery Yahya** (an haife shi 10 ga Oktoba 1978 a Batu Pahat, Johor) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Malaysian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan wasan tsakiya . Shi ne tsohon kocin Kelantan a Gasar Firimiya ta Malaysia .

## Ayyuka
Rezal ya taka leda a kungiyoyin matasa na Johor kafin ya fara buga wasan farko a shekarar 1997. Tare da Johor, ya lashe Kofin Malaysia FA a 1998 da kuma gasar Premier Two a 1999. Ya koma Kelantan FA a shekara ta 2001, kafin ya koma Johor shekara guda bayan haka don yin wasa tare da kungiyar Johor FC.

Ya koma Negeri Sembilan FA a shekara ta 2005. A cikin shekaru 5 da ya yi tare da tawagar, ya lashe Kofin Malaysia a shekara ta 2009 da kuma wadanda suka zo na biyu a lokuta biyu. Rezal ya sanya hannu tare da tsohuwar tawagarsa Johor FC na kakar wasa daya a shekara ta 2011, kafin ya sauya zuwa ATM FA a shekara ta 2012, inda ya lashe Gasar Firimiya ta Malaysia ta 2012 tare da su.

Ya koma Negeri Sembilan FA a shekarar 2015.

## Kididdigar gudanarwa

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* 
* Bayani a Kelate dot Net
* Yankin da ya fi dacewa
Abdul Hakim Al-Tahir

**Abdul Hakim Al-Taher** ( ; 1949 - 1 Janairu 2021) darektan gidan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Sudan.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Al-Taher a Affad, Jihar Arewa, Anglo-Masar Sudan, Masar . Ya rasa yatsun hannunsa na hagu yayin da yake aiki a masana'antar masaka a 1962. Ya yi karatun kida da wasan kwaikwayo a jami'ar kimiya da fasaha ta Sudan sannan ya kammala a shekarar 1982, sannan ya yi digiri na biyu a jami'ar Alkahira a shekarar 2000, sannan ya yi digiri na uku a jami'ar Sudan a 2008.

Wanda aka fi sani da *Kyaftin Kabo*, ana ɗaukarsa majagaba na wasan kurame a Sudan kuma ya sami lambar yabo don ƙwararrun ƙwararru na bikin kurame na Spain a 2003.

Al-Taher ya mutu daga COVID-19 a ranar 1 ga Janairun 2021, a lokacin annobar COVID-19 a Sudan. 

## Nassoshi
Abd Allah ibn Mu'awiya

**Abd Allah bn Mu'awiya bn Abd Allah al-Hashimi** ( ; ya rasu a shekara ta 747 ko 748) shi ne shugaban Alid wanda ya fara tawaye ga Khalifancin Umayyawa a Kufa daga baya Farisa a lokacin Fitina ta Uku .

## Rayuwar farko da tashi zuwa ga imamanci
Abd Allah bn Mu'awiya jikan Ali ne ga Ja'afar bn Abi Talib . Bayan wafatin jikan Ali Abu Hashim a shekara ta 703, shugabancin tafarkin Alid ya kasance babu kowa, kuma ‘yan takara da dama ne suka fafata da ita: wata jam’iyya ta ce Abu Hashim ya mayar da hakkinsa ga Abbasiyawa Muhammad bn Ali, yayin da wani bangare ke son shelanta. Abd Allah bn Amr al-Kindi a matsayin liman na gaba . Amma na karshen bai gamsu ba, aka zabi Abd Allah bn Mu’awiya a maimakon haka. 

Ibn Mu'awiya ya yi iƙirarin ba wai imamanci kaɗai ba, amma kuma, a cewar ɗan ƙasar Sweden Karl Vilhelm Zetterstéen, matsayin allahntaka. Saboda haka, mabiyansa sun rungumi ra’ayin sake reincarnation kuma suka ƙi tashin matattu . 

## Tawaye da mutuwa
A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 744 Ibn Mu'awiya da mabiyansa suka yi tawaye a Kufa, tare da wasu masu goyon bayan Alid (musamman Zaidisu ), suka mamaye birnin suka kori gwamnansa. Sai dai martanin gwamnan Iraki, Abd Allah bn Umar bn Abdil-Aziz ya yi gaggawar tafiya zuwa Kufa. Yawancin 'yan kasa sun yi watsi da tafarkin Alid, amma tawagar Zaidi sun yi yaki da jajircewa don ba wa Ibn Mu'awiya damar ficewa daga Kufa, da farko zuwa al-Mada'in daga nan zuwa Jibal . 

Duk da shan kaye da aka yi masa a Kufa, ‘yan sa kai masu adawa da gwamnatin Umayyawa sun ci gaba da tururuwa zuwa tutarsa, ciki har da ragowar Khawarijawa wadanda halifa Marwan na biyu da wasu mabiya Abbasiyawa suka yi nasara a kansu. Da yake cin gajiyar rigingimun Fitina ta Uku da juyin juya halin Abbasiyawa da ya kunno kai a Khurasan, wanda ya durkusar da gwamnatin Umayyawa, ya yi nasarar mika ikonsa a kan manyan yankunan Farisa, wadanda suka hada da mafi yawan Jibal, Ahvaz, Fars da Kerman . Ya fara zama a Isfahan sannan kuma a Istakhr . 

Daga karshe Marwan na biyu ya aika da wata runduna karkashin Amir bin Dubara domin yakar Ibn Mu'awiya. Sojojin Alid sun sha kashi a Marw al-Shadhan a shekara ta 747, kuma mulkinsa a kan Farisa ya ruguje. Ibn Mu'awiya da kansa ya yi nasarar tserewa zuwa Khurasan, inda shugaban Abbasiyawa Abu Muslim ya kashe shi. 

Wasu daga cikin mabiyansa sun ki yarda da mutuwarsa, kuma sun yi imanin cewa zai dawo a matsayin *[[mahdi]]*, ya kafa kungiyar da aka fi sani da " *[[Janahiyya]]* ". Wasu kuma wadanda ake kira “Harithites” sun yi imani da cewa ya sake dawowa cikin mutuniyar Ishaq bn Zaid bn al-Harith al-Ansari . 

## Nassoshi
* Encyclopedia Islamica 
* 

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

*
*
Jerin Gwamnonin Jahar Sokoto

Wannan jerin gwamnoni ne da gwamnonin Jihar Sakkwato da ke Najeriya, wanda aka kafa a ranar 3 ga Fabrairun 1976 lokacin da aka raba Jihar Arewa maso Yamma zuwa jihohin Neja da Sakkwato.
Rasheed Adisa Raji

**Rasheed Adisa Raji** ya kasance shugaban mulkin soja na jihar Bauchi a Najeriya daga ranar 14, ga Satumba 1994, zuwa 22, ga watan Agustan 1996, sannan kuma ya kasance jihar Sokoto daga 22, ga watan Agusta 1996, zuwa Agusta 1998 a lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Sani Abacha.

An haifi Rasheed Adisa Raji a Abeokuta cikin Jihar Ogun. A matsayinsa na gwamnan jihar Bauchi, lokacin da Raji ya yi bai samu ba. Ya tilasta duk shirye-shirye da manufofin gwamnati, kuma ya tallafa wa cibiyoyin gargajiya. Shi ne ya qaddamarwa, ginawa da kuma ba da izini ga Majalisun Dokoki, wanda galibi ake kira "Raji Quarters" a yau. 

A ranar 20, ga Afrilun shekarar 1996, gwamnatin mulkin soja ta tsige Alhaji Ibrahim Dasuki Sarkin Musulmi na 18, a hukumance.  A matsayinsa na gwamnan jihar Sokoto a shekarar 1997. Raji ya tabbatar wa magajinsa, Muhammadu Maccido cewa, “a kullum za a yi la’akari da sarakunan gargajiya a cikin tsare-tsare idan aka yi la’akari da yadda suke gudanar da harkokin mulkin jihar

A watan Satumba Na shekarar a 1997, ya ƙaddamar da Cibiyar Ci gaba da Ilimi ta Mata, Sokoto . 

A watan Satumban shekarar 2000, wani kwamitin da ke binciken kadarorin gwamnatin tarayya ya ji cewa Rasheed Raji ya mayar da wani gida biyu mallakar gwamnatin tarayya a Ikoyi, Legas zuwa kadarorinsa. Ya rushe ginin ya sake gina shi kasancewar tsohon gidan ya yi masa yawa.  A watan Nuwambar 2000, Rasheed Raji ya ayyana jam’iyyar PDP mai mulki.

## Nassoshi
Zaben Sanatan Najeriya 2023 a jihar Zamfara

Za a gudanar da zaben Majalisar Dattawan Najeriya na 2023 a Jihar Zamfara a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 2023, don zaben Sanatocin tarayya 3 daga jihar Zamfara, daya daga kowane gundumomi uku na jihar. Zaben zai zo dai-dai da zaben shugaban kasa na 2023, da kuma sauran zabukan ‘yan majalisar dattawa da na ‘yan majalisar wakilai ; tare da gudanar da zaben jihohi makonni biyu bayan haka. An gudanar da zaben firamare tsakanin 4 ga Afrilu da 9 ga Yuni 2022.
## Fage
A zabukan da suka gabata a majalisar dattawa, babu daya daga cikin ‘yan majalisar dattawa guda uku da aka dawo da su kamar yadda Kabir Garba Marafa (APC-Tsakiya) da Ahmad Sani Yerima (APC-Arewa) suka yi ritaya yayin da Tijjani Yahaya Kaura (APC-Yamma) aka soke shi tare da dukkan sauran ‘yan takarar APC na Zamfara. Da aka soke zaben, ‘yan takarar PDP da suka zo na biyu wato Hassan Muhammed Gusau (Tsakiya), Sahabi Alhaji Yaú (Arewa), da Lawali Hassan Anka (Yamma) an samu nasara a kotu. Hukuncin ya kuma soke nasarar da jam’iyyar APC ta samu a zabukan gwamnoni da na wakilai da na ‘yan majalisu kafin a baiwa jam’iyyar PDP wadanda suka zo na biyu a ofisoshi.
## Kafin zaɓe

## Manazarta
Zaben majalisar dokokin jihar Zamfara 2015

A ranar 11 ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta alif 2015 aka gudanar da zaben 'yan majalisar dokokin jihar Zamfara na shekara ta 2015, domin zaben 'yan majalisar dokokin jihar Zamfara a ƙasar Najeriya. Dukkan kujeru guda 24 ne dai aka gudanar da zaben ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar Zamfara.  

## Manazarta
Zaben majalisar dattawan Najeriya na 2011 a jihar Zamfara.

A ranar 11 ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta 2011 ne aka gudanar da zaben ‘yan majalisar dattawan Najeriya na shekarar 2011 a jihar Zamfara, domin zaben ‘yan majalisar dattawan Najeriya da za su wakilci jihar Zamfara . Kabir Garba Marafa mai wakiltar Zamfara ta tsakiya ya samu nasara a jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party wato NPP, yayin da Sahabi Ya'u mai wakiltar Zamfara ta Arewa da Ahmad Sani Yerima mai wakiltar Zamfara ta yamma duk sun samu nasara a jam'iyyar PDP.  
  
## Manazarta
Zaben majalisar dattawan Najeriya na 2007 a jihar Zamfara.

An gudanar da zaben majalisar dattawan Najeriya na shekarar 2007 a jihar Zamfara ranar 21 ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta 2007, domin zaben 'yan majalisar dattawan Najeriya da za su wakilci jihar Zamfara. Hassan Muhammed Gusau mai wakiltar Zamfara ta tsakiya, Sahabi Alhaji Yaú mai wakiltar Zamfara ta Arewa da Ahmad Sani Yerima mai wakiltar Zamfara ta yamma duk sun samu nasara a jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party.
## Bayanin zaben baya

## Bayani

## Sakamako
### Zamfara ta Tsakiya
Hassan Muhammed Gusau na jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party ne ya lashe zaɓen.
### Zamfara ta Yamma
Ahmed Sani Yerima na jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party ne ya lashe zaɓen.

### Zamfara ta Kudu
Sahabi Alhaji Yaú na jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party ne ya lashe zaɓen.

## Manazarta
Zaben majalisar dattawan Najeriya a 2003 a jihar Zamfara.

A ranar 12 ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta 2003 ne aka gudanar da zaben ‘yan majalisar dattawan kasar Najeriya na shekarar alif 2003 a jihar Zamfara, domin zaben ‘yan majalisar dattawan Najeriya da za su wakilci jihar Zamfara. Lawali Shuaibu mai wakiltar Zamfara ta Arewa, Saidu Dansadan mai wakiltar Zamfara ta tsakiya da Yushau Anka mai wakiltar Zamfara ta Yamma duk sun yi nasara a jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party wato APC.  

## Manazarta
Zaben 'yan majalisar wakilan Najeriya na 2019 a jihar Zamfara.

A ranar 23 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 2019 ne aka gudanar da zaben 'yan majalisar wakilan kasar Najeriya na shekarar alif ta shekara ta 2019 a jihar Zamfara, domin zaben 'yan majalisar wakilai da zasu wakilci jihar Zamfara a Najeriya. Jam’iyyar All Progressives Congress ta lashe dukkan kujeru amma kotun koli ta soke zaben dukkan ‘yan takarar jam’iyyar APC a zaben. Kotun ta ce jam’iyyar APC ba ta gudanar da sahihin zaben fidda gwani ba wajen tunkarar zaben. Hukuncin daya yanke da wasu alkalai biyar suka yanke cewa jam’iyyar ta APC din ba ta da dan takara mai inganci kuma ba za a iya cewa ita ce ta lashe babban zaben ba.  

## Manazarta
Shigar mahaifa

**Daure cikin mahaifa** wani rikitarwa ne na obstetrical ta yadda mahaifar da ke tasowa ta koma cikin ƙashin ƙugu bayan farkon watanni uku na ciki . 

## Dalilai
Yawancin yanayi na iya tsoma baki tare da tsarin halitta wanda zai hana mahaifar da aka dawo da ita yayin daukar ciki. Irin waɗannan yanayi sun haɗa da adhesions na pelvic, endometriosis, rashin lafiyar mahaifa, leiomyomata, da kuma ciwon pelvic . 

## Ci gaba
Lokacin da mahaifar ta koma baya, ana ganin ta koma baya; wannan yanayin na kowa ne kuma ana ɗaukar saɓanin al'ada. An kiyasta cewa kusan kashi 15% na masu juna biyu suna farawa ne a cikin mahaifar da ta koma baya. A al'ada, a cikin farkon trimester na farko, mahaifar da ke girma takan canza ba zato ba tsammani zuwa matsayi mara kyau, don haka yana ba da damar fadada mahaifar cikin ciki. Sa'an nan mahaifar mahaifa ya zama ƙasa da jikin mahaifa. Don haka, kasancewar ciki da wuri a cikin mahaifar da aka dawo ba a la'akari da matsala ba. 

A lokuta da ba kasafai mahaifar ba ta kasa jurewa, kuma ciki na ci gaba da fadada mahaifar da aka koma a cikin iyakokin ƙashin ƙugu. Da kimanin makonni 14 girman mahaifa ya cika mafi yawan ƙashin ƙugu, yana tura mahaifar mahaifa. A wannan lokaci mahaifa na iya samun tarko a ƙarƙashin sacral promontory da symphysis. Tare da ci gaba da girma mace mai ciki na iya fuskantar ƙananan ciwon ciki da ƙwanƙwasa, ciwon baya, da wahala, har ma da rashin iyawa, kamar yadda mafitsara ya tura sama kuma fitar da shi ya zama cikas. Ana iya fuskantar maƙarƙashiya. An yi kiyasin yawan wannan rikitarwa ya kai kusan 1 cikin 3,000 masu juna biyu.

## Bincike

A cikin mace mai ciki wanda ke shiga cikin uku na biyu, haɗuwa da matsalolin fitsari da ciwon ƙwanƙwasa na iya faɗakar da likita don yin la'akari da shigar da mahaifa a matsayin mai yiwuwa. A gwajin jiki, an tura cervix sama da gaba, kuma ƙashin ƙugu gaba ɗaya ya cika da tattausan jikin mahaifa mai ciki. Sonography na iya nuna koma-baya na mahaifar mahaifa, duba yiwuwar yuwuwar tayin, da kuma nuna wurin da ake tura mafitsara da wuya kuma ba za a iya fitar da shi ba. Hakanan an gano hoton maganadisu yana taimakawa wajen gano yanayin.

## Manazarta
Ignatius Ekwunife

Ignatius Ekwunife (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Afrilu shekara ta 1990 a Onitsha, Jihar Anambra ) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne, wanda ke buga wasa a Bayelsa United.

## Sana’a
Ekwunife ya fara aiki da kungiyar Ocean Boys FC kuma ya koma Zamfara United FC a shekara ta 2008  bayan shekara daya da Zamfara ya kulla yarjejeniya da Bayelsa United.  

## Manazarta
Nnaemeka Favour Ajuru

Nnaemeka Favour Ajuru // ⓘ (an haife shi 28 ga watan Satumba, shekara ta 1986) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida.
## Sana’a
Bayan farawa a Zamfara United, Ajuru ya isa Javor Ivanjica a lokacin kakar 2004-05. Daga baya aka aika shi a kan aro na tsawon kakar zuwa Metalac Gornji Milanovac, kafin ya koma Ivanjica gabanin kakar 2006-07. A cikin shekaru uku masu zuwa, Ajuru ya kafa kansa a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan wasa na yau da kullum, yana taimaka musu lashe gasar Serbian farko a 2008, tare da rikodin rashin nasara, don haka samun ci gaba zuwa Serbian SuperLiga.

A cikin watan Yuni shekara ta 2009, tare da Miroslav Vulićević, Ajuru ya koma Vojvodina a kan yarjejeniyar shekaru uku.  Ya shafe kakar wasanni hudu a kulob din, inda ya taimaka musu zuwa wasan karshe na cin kofin Serbia sau uku ( 2010, 2011, da 2013 ), amma ya kasa lashe kofin.

A watan Agusta shekara ta 2013, Ajuru ya koma kulob din Jojiya Zestafoni, ya amince da kwangilar shekaru biyu. Ya taka leda a kai a kai ga tawagar a farkon watanni shida, amma ya kasa yin wani bayyanar a kashi na biyu na 2013-14 kakar. A cikin Yuli 2014, Ajuru ya yi rashin nasara gwaji a kulob din Azerbaijan AZAL.

A watan Agusta shekara ta 2014, Ajuru ya koma Serbia kuma ya shiga tsohon kulob din Javor Ivanjica. Ya taimake su su ci nasara a mayar da su saman jirgin a lokacin dawowar sa. A gasar cin kofin Serbia na 2015–16, Ajuru ya bayyana a dukkan wasannin shida na kungiyarsa, yayin da suka yi rashin nasara a hannun Partizan a wasan karshe.
## Manazarta
Olaniyi Afonja

**Olaniyi Mikail Afonja** Listeni (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 1974), wanda aka fi sani da **Sanyeri**, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya, ɗan wasan kwaikwayon kuma mai yin fim.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haife shi a yankin Bola na garin Oyo a Jihar Oyo a matsayin ɗan farko na iyayensa, Olaniyi ya sami ilimi a makarantar firamare ta St. Michael, Òkè-èbó, Jihar Oyo da Durbar Grammar School, garin Oyo, Jihar Ono inda ya kammala karatun sakandare.

## Ayyuka
Ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo na Olaniyi ya fara ne a shekarar 1992, bayan ya shiga ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo da aboki ya gabatar masa.  shekara ta 1996, Olaniyi ya koma Jihar Legas don ci gaba da aikinsa kuma tun daga lokacin ya fito a fina-finai da yawa na Yoruba.

## Hotunan fina-finai

* *Obakeye*
* *Awero*
* *Edun Ara*
* *Jenifa*
* *Opa Kan*
* *Omo Carwash*
* *Sekere*
* *Mawe Ku*
* *Sanyeri a Landan*
* *Ibale*
* *Apaadi*
* *Olu Omo*
* *Koboko*
* *Salako Alagbe*
* *Omo Iya Meji*
* *Mama Ka Yi Kyau*
* *Osole*
* *Sanyeri Oloka*
* *Yankin Yankin Yaron Yankin*
* *Ise Awako*
* *Waheed Kolero*
* *Afoju Meta*
* *Isale Koko*
* *Sun kasance Merin*
* *Kosi Tabi ya zama ruwan dare*
* *Saworo*
* *Abuke Oshin*

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Olaniyi  auri Omolara Afonja tare da ita yana da 'ya'ya biyu.

## Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin mutanen Yoruba

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Kasuwar Igbudu

**Kasuwar Igbudu,** kasuwa ce a kan titin Warri Sapele, Warri, Jihar Delta, Najeriya.
Ita ce babbar kasuwa a Jihar Delta, Najeriya.
Ɗaya daga cikin titunan Kasuwar Igbudu ana kiranta da Hausa Kwata.

An sanya wa Kasuwar Igbudu sunan al' ummar Igbudu na masarautar Agbassa.
Kasuwar ta fara kasuwanci ne bayan Yaƙin basasar Najeriya da aka yi a Najeriya, kuma a yanzu kasuwar ta zama "ɗaya daga cikin manyan kasuwannin Warri a Jihar Delta", saboda suna sayarwa da sayen abinci da yawa da suka hada da kayan kwalliya.
An bayyana kasuwar a matsayin "kashin bayan tattalin arziki na Warri".

Ana kuma san Kasuwar Igbudu saboda wa'azin kasuwa.
A cewar Isaiah Ogedegbe, "Masu wa'azin suna cikin ko' ina a kasuwa, tare da mata masu kishin addini suna waka da rawa tare da su".

## Abubuwan da suka faru na wuta
Kasuwar Igbudu ta fuskanci tashin gobara guda biyu daban-daban wanda ya yi sanadin asarar kayayyakin da darajarsu ta kai na miliyoyin naira, a cikin wata ɗaya a watan yulin 2020, da kuma a watan Agustan 2020.

A watan Mayun, 2023, wata gobara ta sake afkuwa a Kasuwar Igbudu, kuma an ruwaito ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda gobarar ta shafa ta suma da ganin irin barnar da aka yi wa shagon.
Gobarar da ta tashi ba wai kawai ta ji tausayin Gwamnatin Jihar Delta ba ne, har ma ta samu taimako daga Gwamnatin Tarayya ta Hukumar Ba da Agajin Gaggawa ta Kasa (NEMA).
Kimanin mutane 30 da gobarar ta shafa ne aka ruwaito sun samu wasu kayayyakin gini da kayan abinci daga Gwamnatin Tarayya.
## Lokacin da aka rufe kasuwa
A ranar 30 ga watan Maris, 2020, kwanaki biyu gabanin rufe kowace kasuwa a Jihar Delta ta Ifeanyi Okowa, Shugaban Majalisar Warri ta Kudu Dr. Michael Tidi ya ce ya rufe Kasuwar Igbudu a wani yunkuri "na shawo kan yaduwar cutar Koronavirus da ake fargabar".

Sai dai ana ganin rufe kasuwar da Tidi ya yi a matsayin "kabilanci", zargin da ya musanta.
Tidi ya ce dalilin da ya sa ya rufe kasuwar kwanaki biyu da suka wuce, shi ne saboda mutane ba su bi shawarar Gwamnati ba game da nisantar da jama' a.
## Hanyoyin hadin waje
* Official Website
## Duba kuma
* Isaiah Ogedegbe
## Manazarta
Timothy Anjembe.

**Timothy Anjembe** (an haife shi ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, shekarar alif 1987 a Gboko) dan wasan kwallon kafa ne na Najeriya mai ritaya wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba.

## Sana’a
A cikin shekara ta 2005, Timothawus ya rattaba hannu tare da kungiyar Lobi Stars, inda ya zama babban dan wasa a gasar Premier ta Najeriya, babban matakin kasar Najeriya, yana da shekaru 18 kuma an dauke shi daya daga cikin mafi kyawun dan wasa a gasar. Bayan shekara guda, ya koma kungiyar Enyimba kuma ya taka leda a gasar zakarun Turai ta CAF.

Daga nan Timothawus ya tafi Vietnam don shiga Vissai Ninh Bình a 2009. An ba shi aro ga Đồng Tháp kuma ya ci hat-trick a wasansa na farko da Hoàng Anh Gia Lai. A karshen kakar wasa ta bana, an zabe shi a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi kyawun kasashen waje a gasar.  A cikin 2010, Timothawus ya shiga Hòa Phát Hà Nội.

## Manazarta
Fidelis mai ceto

Terungwa "Mai Ceton" Fidelis (an haife shi a watan Afrilu 18, shekara ta 1988) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya. Yanzu haka yana buga wa kungiyar Taraba FC a gasar Premier ta Najeriya.
## Aikin Kulub

Dan wasan gaba, ya buga wasa a kungiyoyin Najeriya da bai gaza shida ba kuma ya yi gwaji a kasashen waje a Oman, da Sudan. Ya shafe kakar wasa ta 2012 Nigeria National League season a Taraba FC bayan ya koma daga Ranchers Bees FC. Ya jagoranci matakin na biyu (Nigeria National League) da kwallaye 12 a cikin jimlar wasanni 13 wanda ya kai ga kiran kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya. Ya sanya hannu da Enyimba a watan Satumbar 2012. Ya kasance babban dan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya a tsakiyar 2013.

Ya koma Taraba a farkon kakar wasa ta 2014.

A cikin shekara ta 2015 ya koma Malta don yin wasa tare da Mosta FC; tsakiyar 2015 ya tafi rance ga Sliema Wanderers kuma ya ci Maltese FA CUP 2015/2016. A cikin 2016/2017 ya koma Għarb Rangers inda ya buga wasanni 9 yana zira kwallaye 8. Ya kare kwantiraginsa na yanzu, a ranar 15/01/2017 ya zama wakili na kyauta.
## Manazarta
Ismaila Salami Olasunkanmi

**Ismaila Salami Olasunkanmi** mai bincike ne kuma injiniya a Najeriya. Ya ƙware a cikin ergonomics da aikace-aikacen fasaha ga nazarin jikin mutum, anthropometric, ilimin lissafi, da nazarin kwayoyin halitta da suka shafi aikin jiki. Shi  dean na injiniyan injiniya kuma memba ne na al'ummar ilimi a Jami'ar Aikin Gona ta Tarayya, Abeokuta.  

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
A shekara ta 1986, Olasunkanmi ya sami difloma na ƙasa a cikin Injiniyan Injiniya daga Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro . Ya ci gaba da karatun digiri na farko na Kimiyya (BSc.) a Injiniyan Injiniya a Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo, Ile-Ife, ya kammala a shekarar 1990. [1] kammala digiri na Master of Science da Doctor of Philosophy a cikin Masana'antu da Injiniya a Jami'ar Ibadan a cikin 2000 da 2006, bi da bi.

An amince da Olasunkanmi tare da Kyautar Kyautar Dalibi ta Kasa mafi Kyawu da Kyautar Nazarin Gwamnatin Tarayya. Shi memba ne na Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Najeriya, Cibiyar Injiniyoyin Masana'antu ta Najeriya da Cibiyar Injin Injiniyoyin Injiniyoyin Naijeriya. Bugu da ƙari, shi Injiniya ne mai rijista tare da Majalisar don Gudanar da Injiniya a Najeriya. 

## Littattafan da aka zaɓa

* Ismaila, S. O., Odedoyin, O. P. & Ajisegiri, G. O. (2016): Misalai don kimanta yankin dabino na ɗalibai a wata makarantar sakandare a Abeokuta, Najeriya. Cogent Engineering  (1173777); 1-7, Taylor da Francis ne suka buga shi, Ingila.
* Udo, S. B., Adisa, A. F., Ismaila, S. O. & Adejuyigbe, S.B. (2015): Ci gaban na'urar fashewar kwayar dabino don amfani da karkara. Injiniyan Aikin Go na Duniya: CIGR Journal 17 (4); 397-406, wanda Hukumar Aikin Gida da Biosystems Injiniya ta Duniya-CIGR, Japan ta buga.
* Udo, S. B., Adejuyigbe, S.B., Ismaila, S. O. & Adisa, A. F. (2015): Binciken Ayyuka na Palm Kernel Nut Cracking Machine. Jaridar Kimiyya  Halitta, Injiniya da Fasaha, 14 (1), 111-116.
* Ismaila, S.O., Akanbi, O. G. & Olaoniye, W. (2015): Misali don yin hasashen yawan ma'aikatan Najeriya a masana'antar siminti a Itori, Jihar Ogun, Najeriya. Jaridar Duniya  Tsaro da Ergonomics 21 (4); 547-550, Taylor da Francis ne suka buga, Ingila.
* Akanabi, O. G., Ismaila, S. O. & Awodol, J. G. (2015): Hanyoyi masu yawa a cikin Tsarin Ƙungiyoyi: Misali da Aikace-aikacen Duniya na Gaskiya. Jaridar Fasaha  (2); 121-127, An buga ta Jami'ar Arewa, Croatia.

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Daular Jalairiyya

**Daular Jalairiyya** (Larabaci: الدولة الجلائرية) daular ce da sarkin Hassan mai girma ya assasa kuma ta ci gaba har kusan karni guda, tun daga shekara ta 1335 miladiyya daidai da shekara ta 756 bayan hijira har zuwa shekara ta 1432 miladiyya daidai da shekara ta 853 bayan hijira. Daular ta tashi ne bayan rugujewar daular Ilkhanid, kuma sakamakon abubuwan da suka gabata, dangin Jalayir sun sami 'yancin kai a Bagdaza. A tsawon lokaci 'yan Jalayirid sun sami damar tsallakawa tare da mamaye kasar Azarbaijan tare da shiga Tabriz babban birnin Mulkin Chobanid, kuma hakan ya kasance karkashin jagorancin sarkin Uwais I.
 

## Manazarta
Daular Uqailiyya

**Masarautar Uqailiyya** (Larabci: الدولة العقيلية, *Ad-dāulatūl ʿUqāiliyya*) ko **Daular Uqailiyya** (Larabci: السلالة العقيلية, *As-Sūlalatul ʿUqāiliyya*) Masarautar Musulunci ce ta mabiya darikar Shi'a wacce Sarki al-Uqaili Muhammad bin Al-Musayyab, wanda ake yi wa lakabi da "Iqbal ad-Dawla" (Hausawa: *Zuwan na Masarautar*) ya kafa a birnin Mosul a Iraƙi, kuma ta ci gaba da wanzuwa sama da shekaru dari, musamman tun daga shekara ta 990 miladiyya har zuwa shekara ta 1096 miladiyya, masarautar ta fadada har sai da ta kwace Kufa ta isa wajen Bagdaza. Uqaylids sun sami nasarar mamaye Aleppo kuma suka kawo karshen Masarautar Mirdasid a shekara ta 1080 bayan hijira, sannan suka ci Harran suka kawo karshen Masarautar Numayrid, karkashin jagorancin Sarki Muslim al-Uqaili, wanda ake yi wa lakabi da "Sharaf ad-Dawla" (Hausawa: *Girmamawa na Masarautar*). Sun sami damar sarrafa sauran Levant arewa, sassan arewacin Arabiya, yammacin Farisa, da kudancin Anatoliya.  

## Manazarta
Imran Khan

**Imran Ahmad Khan Niazi** (Urdu: عمران احمد خان نیازی) (an haife shi 5 Oktoba 1952) ɗan siyasan Pakistan ne. Shi ne Firayi Minista na 22 a Pakistan daga 2018 zuwa 2022. Kafin shiga siyasa Khan ya kasance ɗan wasan kurket kuma ya buga wasan Kurket na ƙasa da ƙasa tsawon shekaru 20 a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20.

## Wasan Kurket
Khan ya fara wasa ne a matsayin ɗan wasan Kurket na aji na farko a Lahore a shekarar 1968.
A lokacin karatunsa a Jami'ar Oxford, ya kuma buga wa ƙungiyar su ta *Blue's Cricket* wasa.  A cikin shekarar 1971, ya buga wasansa na farko na gwaji na ƙasa da ƙasa a Pakistan da Ingila. A cikin 1974, ya buga wasansa na farko na ƙasa da ƙasa na kwana daya da Ingila.

Khan kuma ya zama na biyu mafi sauri duk wanda ya kai alamar gudu 3000 da wickets 300.  Hakanan yana da matsakaicin matsayi na biyu mafi kyau a wasan kurket a matsayi na 6.

Khan ya zama kyaftin din Pakistan a 1982, ya zama daya daga cikin kyaftin din da suka yi nasara tare da nasara 91 a gwaje-gwaje da ODI.

## Siyasa
Khan ya zama ɗan siyasa a tsakanin shekarun 1990 ta hanyar kafa jam'iyyarsa ta siyasa mai suna *Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf* (PTI) a 1996. Ya gina wata asibitin ciwon daji, Shaukat Khanum, don tunawa da mahaifiyarsa wadda ita ma ta mutu sakamakon ciwon daji. Ya goyi bayan shugaba Pervez Musharraf daga 1999. A shekara ta 2007 ya canza ra’ayinsa sannan ya yi adawa da Musharraf.

A ranar 26 ga watan Yulin, 2018, Khan ya zama Firayi Minista duk da cewa mutane da yawa sun zargi Khan da tafka maguɗi a zaɓen. Khan ya yi rantsuwa a matsayin Firayim Minista na Pakistan a ranar 18 ga Agusta 2018.

A ranar 3 ga Afrilu, 2022, ya gaya wa Shugaba Arif Alvi ya rusa Majalisar Dokoki ta kasa bayan da wani kuduri na rashin amincewa da shi ya gaza. Duk da haka, bayan kwanaki hudu a ranar 7 ga Afrilu, daga baya Kotun Koli ta ce abin da Khan ya yi haramun ne. Ba da daɗewa ba aka zartar da wani kuduri na rashin amincewa da Khan a ranar 10 ga Afrilu, 2022 ya zama Firayim Minista na farko a Pakistan da aka cire daga ofis ta hanyar ƙuri'ar rashin amincewa.

A ranar 3 ga Nuwamba, 2022, a Wazirabad, Punjab, an harbe Khan a lokacin da yake jawabi, amma ya tsira daga yunkurin kashe shi.

A ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2023 an kama Khan saboda cin hanci da rashawa a Babbar Kotun da ke Islamabad. A ranar 30 ga Janairu, 2024, an yanke masa hukuncin daurin shekaru 10 a gidan yari saboda ya tona asirin kasa.

## Manazarta
Firai Minista

**Firai minista** laƙabi ne ga wanda ke tafiyar da siyasar ƙasa kuma shi ne shugaban gwamnati.  Tare da ƙasashen da suke da sarakuna da sarauniya (wanda aka sani da sarakuna), suna da matuƙar muhimmanci domin sune ke tafiyar da mafi yawan harkokin siyasa (sune "shugabannin gwamnati").  A cikin ƙasashen da ke da shugaban ƙasa, sune masu kula da mafi yawan siyasa (kamar yadda a cikin Jamhuriyar Ireland) ko kuma suna iya yin aiki na yau da kullun amma suna karɓar umarni daga shugaban ƙasa kamar yadda yake a Faransa.

## Ƙasashe masu Firai minista
Jerin ƙasashe masu Firai minista.
* Antigua da Barbuda (tare da  Sarki)
* Ostiraliya (tare da  Sarki)
* Azerbaijan (tare da Shugaban ƙasa)
* Barbados (tare da Shugaban Barbados)
* Belgium (tare da Sarki)
* Kanada (tare da Sarki)
* Denmark (tare da Sarki)
* Ethiopia (tare da shugaban ƙasa)
* Faransa (tare da Shugaban Faransa
* Indiya (tare da Shugaban ƙasa)
* Ireland Shugaban Ireland
* Isra'ila (tare da Shugaba)
* Italiya (tare da Shugaban ƙasa)
* Japan (tare da Sarki)
* Malaysia (tare da Sarki)
* Mauritius (tare da Shugaban ƙasa)
* Netherlands (tare da Sarki)
* New Zealand (tare da  Sarki))
* Pakistan (tare da Shugaban ƙasa)
* Romania (tare da Traian Basescu Shugaba
* Singapore (tare da Shugaba)
* Thailand (tare da Sarki)
* Trinidad da Tobago (tare da Shugaban ƙasa)
* Ukraine (tare da Shugaban kasa)
* Daular Larabawa (tare da sarki da shugaban kasa)
* Firayim Minista na Burtaniya

## Manazarta
Stanley Nwabali

**Stanley Bobbi 'Bobo' Nwabali** (an haife shi 10 Yuni 1996) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin Mai tsaron gida na kulob din Chippa United da ƙungiyar ƙwallon kafa ta ƙasar Najeriya. 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
haifi Nwabali a Jihar Rivers a cikin iyalin Kirista na Ogba, kuma ta girma a Port Harcourt. ɗauki mai tsaron gidan Jamus Manuel Neuer a matsayin abin koyi.

## Ayyukan kulob din
Cikin 2019, Nwabili ya shiga Go Round FC inda ya fara aikinsa a matsayin dan wasan gaba, kafin daga baya ya sami damar zuwa Enyimba a cikin 2020, sannan ya shiga Lobi Stars, Katsina United da Chippa United a cikin 2022.

## Ayyukan kasa da kasa
Nwabili ya sami lambar yabo ta farko ga tawagar Najeriya a shekarar 2021, a wasan sada zumunci na kasa da kasa da Mexico a Los Angeles, Amurka. 

A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2023, an kira shi zuwa gasar cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka na 2023 a Ivory Coast.  kira shi Man of the Match a wasan kusa da na karshe da ya yi da Afirka ta Kudu, yayin da ya ceci fansa biyu a cikin nasara 4-2 a lokacin harbe-harbe bayan 1-1 draw, wanda ya cancanci kasarsa zuwa karshe.

## Bayanan da aka ambata

## Haɗin waje

*
Kalar Ruwan Ƙasa

**Copper** launin ja ne mai launin ruwan kasa mai kama da tagulla.

Farkon amfani da *jan ƙarfe* a matsayin sunan launi a cikin yaran Ingilishi shine a cikin shekarar 1594.

## Bambance-bambancen jan ƙarfe

### Kodan jan ƙarfe
 
A hannun dama ana nuna koɗaɗɗin sautin jan ƙarfe wanda ake kira *jan ƙarfe* a cikin crayola crayons. Crayola ya tsara wannan launi a cikin 1903.

### Jan jan karfe
 
A dama ana nuna launin **jan ƙarfe**.

Farkon yin amfani da *jan ƙarfe* a matsayin sunan launi a cikin Ingilishi ya kasance a cikin 1590.

### dinari na jan karfe
 
A dama ana nuni da **dinari na jan karfe.**

*dinari na Copper* yana ɗaya daga cikin launuka a cikin saitin ƙarfe na musamman na Crayola crayons mai suna Silver Swirls, launukan waɗanda Crayola ya tsara su a cikin 1990.

### Copper fure
 
A dama ana nuna launin **furen jan karfe.**

Na farko da aka rubuta amfani da *furen jan ƙarfe* a matsayin sunan launi a cikin Ingilishi shine a cikin 1928.

## Copper a yanayi

; Tsire-tsire

*  Restrepia mai launin jan ƙarfe ɗan asalin ƙasar Kolombiya ne.

; Macizai

*  Copperhead macizai (irin su *Trigonocephalus contortrix*) ana kiran su don launin da aka samo a tsakanin idanunsu.

## Copper a al'ada

### Ilimin al'adu

* Wasu ƴan asalin ƙasar Amurka ana kwatanta su da *launin tagulla* ko *launin tagulla.*

### Heraldry

* Copper (heraldry) - An yi amfani da jan ƙarfe a cikin heraldry azaman tincture na ƙarfe tun ƙarshen karni na 20, ya zuwa yanzu galibi a Kanada.

### Wasanni

* Ana yi wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Zambia lakabi da *Chipolopolo*, wanda ke fassara zuwa "Copper Harsasai" kuma yawanci yana nuna launi a cikin kayan sa.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin launuka

## Manazarta
Uwais I

**Mu'izz ad-Din wa ad-Duniya** *([[Hausawa]]: Tashin addini da rayuwa)* **Sarki Sheikh Uwais bin Hasan bin Husein bin Agbugha bin Ilkah bin Jalayir al-Jalairi.** (Larabci: معز الدين والدنيا السلطان الشيخ أويس بن حسن بن حسين بن أغبغا بن إيلكا بن جلائر الجلائري) An san shi da **Uwais I** (Larabci: أويس الأول) Sunansa mafi shahara shine l,**Sheikh Uwais** (Larabci: شيخ أويس) An haife shi a shekara ta 1338 miladiyya, daidai da shekara ta 739 bayan hijira, kuma ya rasu a shekara ta 1374, daidai da shekara ta 776 bayan hijira, shi ne sarki Jalairi na biyu bayan mahaifinsa Hasan mai girma, kuma ana masa kallon wanda ya fi kowa iko kuma mafi girma a Daular Jalairiyya, kasancewar ya sami damar fadada daular a zamaninsa har ta kai kololuwar fadada daular. Iraƙi ta shaida a zamaninsa an sake farfado da kimiyya da al'adu irin wanda tun bayan Faduwar Bagdaza har zuwa lokacin mulkinsa ba a taba ganin irinsa ba. An haife shi a shekara ta 1338 miladiyya, daidai da shekara ta 739 bayan hijira a Bagdaza, babban birnin daular. Mahaifiyarsa ita ce Gimbiya Juban "Dilshad Khatun" kakansa na wajen uwa shine "Damascus Khawaja" kakan mahaifinsa kuwa Yarima "Husain Gurkan".  

## Manazarta
Jerin Daulolin Musulunci na Shi'a

Ga jerin daulolin musulmi mabiya darikar Shi'a, da suka wanzu a tsawon tarihi.

## Iraƙi da Levant

* Daular Uqailiyya
* Daular Jalairiyya

## Iran da Caucasus

* Daular Buyid
* Daular Safawiyya
* Daular Afsharid
* Daular Zand
* Daular Qajar

## Afrika

* Halifancin Fatimid

## Ƙasar Indiya

* Masarautar Golconda