Zayd ibn Thabit

**Zaid bin Thabit** (    ) Ya sirri magatakarda na Musulunci Annabi Muhammad, (S A W) kuma ya kasance daga ansar (mataimaka). Ya shiga cikin rundunar sojojin musulmi yana da shekara 19. Bayan wucewar Muhammad, an umurce shi da ya tattara Al-Qur'ani zuwa cikin juzu'i guda daya daga rubuce-rubuce da maganganun baka. Ya kasance shahararren masani kan Al-Qur'ani kuma ya dauki lokaci mai yawa yana karanta shi.

## Rayuwa
Lokacin da Zaayd yake dan shekara 6 mahaifinsa ya mutu a yakin Bu'ath . Zayd yana dan shekara 11 lokacin da ya nemi izinin shiga yakin Badar . Tun yana karami bai wuce shekaru 15 ba, Muhammad bai bashi damar yin hakan ba sai ya mayar dashi. Daga nan ya yanke shawarar kokarin samun tagomashi a wurin Muhammadu ta hanyar koyon Alqur'ani . Daga baya aka nada shi ya rubuta wasika zuwa ga wadanda ba musulmai ba sannan ya tattara ya adana bayanan ayoyin Kur'ani. Zayd yana daga cikin wadanda Muhammad ya zaba don rubuta ayoyin Alqur'ani. Ya kasance yana amfani da mafi yawan lokacinsa wajen karatun Alqur'ani kuma yana ci gaba da koyon ayoyin Alqur'ani kamar yadda Muhammad yake karanta su. Daga baya Zayd ya ba da kansa don yin yaƙi lokacin yana ɗan shekara 19. A wannan karon ya samu karbuwa a sahun rundunar musulmai. Lokacin Zayd na fada ya zo ne shekaru tara bayan kafuwar al'umar Musulmi a Madina.

Zayd yana da rawar da ya taka wajen  rubuta ayoyin Alqur'ani wadanda Musulmai suka yi imanin cewa an aiko wa Muhammadu ne daga Allah ta hanyar Mala'ika Jibrail .

Bayan mutuwar Muhammad, Zayd, wanda a wannan lokacin ya zama ƙwararre a cikin Alƙur'ani, an ba shi aikin tantancewa da tattara wahayin Alƙur'ani na baki da rubutu a cikin ƙarami ɗaya. Wannan yunƙurin ya kasance kan manufofin Halifa Abubakar, musamman bayan yaƙe-yaƙe na Ridda, da kuma yaƙin Yamamah musamman, inda SAHABBAI 25 waɗanda suka haddace Al-Qur'ani suka yi shahada. Umar ya shawo kan Abubakar cewa ya kamata a tattara Alqur'ani a rubutu daya. A lokacin mulkin Abubakar a matsayin khalifa, an ba shi aikin tattara ayoyin Al-Kur'ani daga dukkanin al'ummomin Musulmi. Daga karshe Zayd ya amshi aikin kuma, a cewarsa, ya fara gano kayan karatun Al-Qur'ani tare da tara su daga takardun fata, sipula, wuraren dabinon dabino da kuma tunanin mutane. Lokacin da Zaid ya gama aikinsa, sai ya bar mayafin da aka shirya tare da Abubakar. Kafin ya mutu, Abubakar ya bar mayafin tare da Umar wanda shi kuma ya bar ta tare da 'yarsa Hafsah. Hafsah, Ummu Salamah da Aishah matan Muhammadu ne wadanda suka haddace Alqurani.

Ta haka ne Zayd bn Thabit ya zama daya daga cikin manyan hukumomi a kan Alqurani. Umar bn Khattab ya taba yin jawabi ga musulmai yana cewa: "Ya ku mutane, duk wanda yake son tambaya game da Alqur'ani, to ya je wurin Zaidu bn Thabit".

## Zamanin Annabi Muhammad (S A W): 610 &#x2013; 632
Zayd yana da rawar rubuta ayoyin Alqur'ani wadanda aka aiko wa Muhammadu daga Allah ta hanyar Mala'ika Jibra'il .

## Zamanin Abu Bakr: 632 &#x2013; 634
Bayan rasuwar Muhammad, Zayd wanda ya zama masani kan ilimin Kur'ani, an ba shi aikin tantancewa da tattara wahayin Alƙur'ani na baki da rubutu a cikin ƙarami guda. Wannan yunƙurin ya kasance a kan ajandar Halifa Abu Bakr, musamman bayan *yaƙe-yaƙe na Riddah* (yaƙe-yaƙe na ridda), da kuma yaƙin Yamamah musamman, wanda yawancin mahardatan Al-Qur'ani (kusan 450) suka halaka. Umar ya shawo kan Abubakar cewa ya kamata a tattara Alqurani a rubutu daya.

A lokacin mulkin Abubakar a matsayin khalifa, an ba shi aikin tattara ayoyin Al-Qur'ani daga duk kasar Larabawa. Daga karshe Zayd ya yarda da aikin kuma, a cewarsa, "ya fara gano kayan karatun Al-Qur'ani da tattara shi daga takardun fata, sipula, wuraren dabinon dabino da kuma tunanin mutane (wadanda suka san shi da zuciya)".

Lokacin da Zaid ya gama aikinsa, sai ya bar suhuf din da aka shirya tare da Abubakar. Kafin ya mutu, Abubakar ya bar suhuf tare da Umar wanda shi kuma ya bar ta tare da 'yarsa Hafsah. Hafsah, Ummu Salamah, da Aishah matan Muhammadu ne wadanda suka haddace Alkur'ani.

## Zamanin Umar: 634 &#x2013; 644
Ta haka ne Zayd bn Thabit ya zama daya daga cikin manyan hukumomi a kan Alqurani. Umar bn Khattab ya taba yin jawabi ga musulmai yana cewa: "Ya ku mutane, duk wanda yake son tambaya game da Alqurani, to ya je wurin Zaidu bn Thabit".

## Zamanin Uthman: 644 &#x2013; 656
A lokacin Uthman, wanda a wannan lokacin ne Musulunci ya yadu a wurare da dama, bambancin karatun Alqurani a cikin yarukan daban-daban na yaren Larabci ya fito fili. Wani rukuni na sahabbai, karkashin jagorancin Huzaifa bn al-Yaman, wanda a lokacin yake aiki a Iraki, suka zo wurin Uthman suka bukace shi da *"ya ceci al'ummar musulmi kafin su yi sabani game da Alqurani"* .

Uthman ya samo rubutun Alqurani daga Hafsah kuma ya sake kiran babban shugaban, Zayd bn Thabit, da wasu sahabbai don yin kwafinsa.  An sanya Zayd a matsayin mai kula da aikin. Salon yaren larabci da ake amfani da shi shine na ƙabilar Quraishawa. Saboda haka wannan salon an nanata shi akan sauran.

Zaid da sauran Sahabbai sun shirya kwafi biyar. Ofayan waɗannan an aika su zuwa kowane lardin Musulmi tare da umarnin cewa a kona duk sauran kayan karatun Al-Kur'ani, walau na yanki ko na cikakke. Lokacin da aka yi kwafi na yau da kullun kuma aka samu sosai ga al'ummar musulmai a ko'ina, to duk sauran abubuwan an kona su ne da son rai daga al'umman musulmai da kansu. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don kawar da bambancin ra'ayi ko bambancin yare daga daidaitaccen matanin Alqurani. Halifa Usmanu ya ajiye wa kansa kwafi ya mayar da asalin rubutun zuwa Hafsah .

## Mutuwa
Ibn Al-Musayyib ya ce: “Na halarci jana’izar Zaid bin Thabit. Bayan an binne shi, sai ibn Abbas ya ce, 'Ya ku mutane! Duk wanda yake son sanin yadda ilimi yake barin mu to ya sani cewa kamar wannan ne ilimi yake barin shi. Na rantse da Allah ilimi mai yawa ya bar mu a yau. "

## Duba kuma

* Zayd (suna)
* Thabit (suna)
* Sunni game da Sahabbai
* Muadh bin Jabal

## Manazarta

[Sahih Bukhari, #4987]