Roberts Zīle

**Roberts Zīle** (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 1958) masanin tattalin arziki ne kuma ɗan siyasa kuma Mataimakin Shugaban Majalisar Tarayyar Turai na Latvia)" iƘungiyar Ƙasa, Jam'iyyar siyasa mai ra'ayin mazan jiya mai ra'ayi a Latvian. A karo na bakwai na Majalisar Tarayyar Turai, yana aiki a cikin ƙungiyar Conservatives da Reformists ta Turai;  shi memba ne na European Conservatives and Reformists Group Executive kuma memba ne na Ofishin kungiyar.  Ya kasance tsohon mataimakin shugaban kungiyar Union for a Europe of Nations.

## Tarihi
An haifi Zīle a Riga a ranar 20 ga Yuni 1958 kuma ya sami ilimin farko a makarantar sakandare ta 25 ta Riga. Bayan kammala karatunsa a shekara ta 1976, Zīle ya ci gaba da karatunsa a Jami'ar Latvia, Faculty of Economics, wanda ya kai ga digiri na farko a fannin tattalin arziki a 1981. A shekara ta 1983, Zīle ya fara karatun ɗan lokaci a Cibiyar Aikin Gona da Tattalin Arziki ta Latvia. A lokacin tsakanin 1992 da 1994, Zīle ya yi aiki a Jami'ar Jihar Iowa a Amurka, a Jami'in Brandon a Kanada, da kuma Jami'ar La Trobe a Ostiraliya. A ƙarshe, a cikin 1997 Zīle ya sami digiri na biyu na tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Aikin Gona ta Latvia . 

## Farkon aiki
Zīle ya fara aikinsa a 1980 a matsayin editan gidan wallafe-wallafen "Avots". Daga 1982 har zuwa 1986 Zīle ya kasance abokin bincike, daga baya aka nada shi a matsayin shugaban sashin, a Cibiyar Tattalin Arziki]] ta Jihar Latvia. Daga 1989 zuwa 1993, Zīle ya kasance editan sashen Kwamitin Latvia .

A shekara ta 1994, Zīle ya yi takara a zaben Riga City Council daga jerin jam'iyyar "For Fatherland and Freedom". Bayan ya zama mataimakin Majalisar Birnin Riga, ya zama mataimaki ga Ilmārs Dāliņš, memba na 5th Saeima (Majalisar Latvia). A shekara ta 1995, an zabi Zīle da kansa a cikin Saeima na 6 daga jerin "For Fatherland and Freedom". Ya yi aiki a can a matsayin memba na kwamitin Harkokin Turai da kwamitin kasafin kudi da kudi. Daga baya, Zīle ya zama shugaban kwamitin kasafin kudi da kudi.

A watan Fabrairun 1997, Zīle ya zama Ministan Kudi na Latvia a karkashin Firayim Minista Andris Šóēle .  An tsawaita matsayin daga Yuli 1997 zuwa Nuwamba 1998 a cikin gwamnatin Guntars Krasts . A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1998, an zabi Zīle a cikin Saeima na 7 daga jerin sunayen "For Fatherland and Freedom" / LNNK (TB / LN NK) da aka kafa kwanan nan. A cikin Saeima na 7, Zīle ya ci gaba da aikinsa a kwamitin Harkokin Turai da kwamitin Kasafin Kudi da Kudi. Zīle ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Musamman don hadin gwiwa tare da cibiyoyin hada-hadar kudi na kasa da kasa a gwamnatin Vilis Krištopans daga Nuwamba 1998 zuwa Yuli 1999,  a cikin gwamnatin Andris Šóēle daga Yuli 1999 zuwa Mayu 2000,  kuma a cikin gwamnatinAndris Bērziņš daga Mayu 2000 zuwa Yuli 2002. A watan Janairun 2000, Zīle ya yi murabus daga kujerarsa a Saeima saboda sabon dokar da ta hana rike mukamai na Minista da memba na Saeima a lokaci guda.

A shekara ta 2002, an zabi Zīle zuwa Saeima ta 8 daga jerin TB / LNNK . A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2002, Zīle ya yi murabus daga majalisar, saboda an tabbatar da shi a matsayin Ministan Sufuri a gwamnatin Einars Repše . Zīle ya rike wannan mukamin har zuwa Maris 2004. 

A watan Yulin 2006, TB / LNNK ta zabi Zīle a matsayin dan takara ga matsayin Firayim Minista. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2006, an zaπbe shi shugaban TB / LNNK . A watan Yulin 2011, a kan kirkirar sabuwar ƙungiyar jam'iyyun siyasa National Alliance "All for Latvia!" - "For Fatherland and Freedom / LNNK", Zīle ya zama co-shugaban kungiyar daga bangaren TB / LN NK. A watan Agustan shekara ta 2011, ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa a matsayin co-shugaba, yana mai da hankali kan abubuwan da suka faru a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai kuma ya yi imanin cewa ya kamata shugabannin National Alliance su kasance a Latvia.

## Ayyukan siyasa a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai
A karo na shida na Majalisar Tarayyar Turai, Zīle ya tsaya takara a zaben Majalisar Tarayyaa na 2004 a matsayin wakilin TB / LNNK . A sakamakon haka, an zabe shi a watan Yunin 2004 kuma ya zama memba na Majalisar Tarayyar Turai (MEP). A matsayinsa na MEP, Zīle ya shiga Ƙungiyar siyasa ta Union for Europe of the Nations, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasa. Zīle ya yi aiki a kwamitin sufuri da yawon bude ido, kwamitin masana'antu, bincike da makamashi, da kuma wakilin hulɗa da Ostiraliya.

A zaben Majalisar Tarayyar Turai na shekara ta 2009, Zīle ita ce babbar 'yar takara ta For Fatherland and Freedom / LNNK. An zabe shi kuma ya zama MEP a watan Yunin 2009. Saboda tashiwar jam'iyyun da yawa, an dakatar da kungiyar Union for Europe of the Nations. Zīle daga baya ya shiga ƙungiyar Conservative ta Burtaniya da aka fara ta European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR), waɗanda manyan mambobinsu suka haɗa da Jam'iyyar Conservative ta Birtaniya, Jam'iyyar Civic Democratic Party da Jam'idar Shari'a da Adalci ta Poland. Shi memba ne na European Conservatives and Reformists Group Executive . Zīle a halin yanzu yana aiki a Kwamitin sufuri da yawon bude ido na Majalisar Tarayyar Turai, Delegation for Relations with the People's Republic of China, kuma, a matsayin mataimaki, a kwamitin Harkokin Tattalin Arziki da Kudi. Ya kuma kasance mai aiki a cikin Kwamitin Musamman na wucin gadi kan Rikicin Kudi da Tattalin Arziki, wanda aka kirkira a shekara ta 2009.

Halitta ECR ta kawo TB / LNNK da Zīle cikin hasken kafofin watsa labarai na siyasa a Burtaniya. 'Yan siyasa na hagu na Burtaniya ciki har da Sakataren Harkokin Waje da Commonwealth, David Miliband da Denis MacShane sun soki ayyukan da ra'ayoyin Zīle da jam'iyyarsa. Miliband ya rubuta game da TB / LNNK "mambobin sa sun halarci bukukuwan tunawa da Waffen-SS". A cikin martani, Sakataren Harkokin Waje na Shadow William Hague ya bukaci a nemi gafara ga TB / LNNK da gwamnatin Latvia daga Miliband, yana bayyana maganganunsa a matsayin sake amfani da "Farfagandar Soviet ta ƙarya" kuma yana lura da cewa "mafi yawan jam'iyyun da suka kafa Gwamnatin Latvia ta yanzu ciki har da jam'iyyar Firayim Minista, sun halarci bikin tunawa da Latvians da suka yi yaƙi a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu". Zīle da kansa ya rubuta martani a cikin jaridar Guardian ta hagu: "Ina alfahari da sabuwar ƙungiyar Conservatives da Reformists ta Turai da muka kafa a majalisar dokokin Turai. Tushenta yana da ƙarfi, kuma yawan baƙin ciki da laka da 'yan jarida na hagu da abokan adawar cikin gida suka jefa, mafi haɗin kai da ƙuduri mun zama ".

## Ayyukan ilimi
A lokacin aikinsa, Zīle ya wakilci Latvia a cikin ayyukan kimiyya na kasa da kasa daban-daban, gami da shirye-shiryen da FAO, OECD da Shirin ACE na Hukumar Tarayyar Turai suka haɓaka. Ya wallafa labarai da takardun bincike kan hakkokin mallaka da batutuwan manufofin noma a Amurka, Australia, Norway, Finland, Hungary, Slovakia da Jamus.

## Ayyukan siyasa da zamantakewa
Zīle ya fara ayyukansa na siyasa a matsayin memba na 18th Nuwamba Association, Latvian Citizen's Congress da Union "For Fatherland and Freedom". A lokaci guda, ya kuma kasance mai aiki a cikin Popular Front of Latvia . Yana daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa kungiyar tattalin arziki ta 2010, wacce aka ƙaddamar a shekarar 1994. An kirkiro kungiyar ne don bunkasa tattalin arzikin kasa da kuma ilimantar da jama'a kan batutuwan tattalin arziki. An san ƙungiyar sosai saboda alaƙar da take da ita da kyautar Spīdola . A halin yanzu, Zīle memba ne na kwamitin kungiyar.

Zīle ya kasance memba na kwamitin "Foundation for the Development of Public Ideas - Think!" ("Domā!") tun 2012. Manufar tushe ita ce bayarwa da gabatar da sababbin ra'ayoyi don rayuwar siyasa, tattalin arziki da zamantakewa a Latvia da EU, bisa ga dabi'un masu ra'ayin mazan jiya na ƙasa. Zile ya gudanar ko kuma ya gudanar da taro uku da aka shirya ta tushe - kan rashin aikin yi da ingancin rayuwar matasa na Latvia a watan Mayu 2012, kan dabi'u masu ra'ayin mazan jiya a duniyar zamani a watan Oktoba 2012, da kuma direbobin bangaren makamashi a cikin Baltic.

Zīle ya halarci laccoci da yawa na baƙi a jami'o'i a Latvia kan batutuwan da suka shafi tattalin arziki da siyasa na Tarayyar Turai, da kuma tarurruka daban-daban kan batutuwar tattalin arziki da makamashi a Majalisar Tarayyar Tarayyar Yuropa.

Kafin zaben Saeima na 9 Zīle ya haɓaka babban shirin sake fasalin tattalin arziki (wani lokacin ana kiransa shirin Zīle), wanda aka tsara don hana rikicin ƙasa da ke tasowa da kuma ƙirƙirar tsarin haraji na zamantakewa a Latvia, wanda za a daidaita shi zuwa saka hannun jari mai amfani.

A cikin Majalisar Tarayyar Turai, ajanda na yanzu na Zīle yana mai da hankali kan batutuwan da suka shafi manufofin sufuri na EU, musamman aikin jirgin kasa na "Rail Baltica"; shawo kan rikicin tattalin arziki; shugabancin tattalin arziki na EU da warware batutuwan banki; makamashi, musamman tabbatar da 'yancin kai na makamashi na ƙasashen Baltic daga Rasha.

A cikin harkokin cikin gida na Latvia, Zīle yana ci gaba da ayyukan da aka mayar da hankali kan tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na tattalin arziki na dogon lokaci da sake fasalin tsarin haraji. Manufarsa ita ce ta hana kirkirar sabon banki da kuma dukiya bisa ga ayyukan da ba mazauna ba, da kuma rage nauyin haraji akan ma'aikata, musamman ma iyalai masu karamin karfi da iyalai masu yara. Ya kuma ba da shawarar karuwar haraji a kan ribar jari da kudaden shiga daga ayyukan hasashe tare da dukiya, da kuma kira ga taimakon gwamnati don samun zama ga sababbin iyalai.

## Manazarta