David Pownall

**David Pownall** FRSL (19 Mayun shekarar 1938 - 21 Nuwamba 2022) marubucin wasan kwaikwayo ne ɗan Biritaniya kuma ƙwararren mai wasan kwaikwayo na rediyo wanda aka yi a duniya, kuma an fassara marubuci zuwa harsuna da yawa.

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haifi David Pownall a Liverpool a ranar 19 ga Mayun shekarar 1938.   Ya sauke karatu daga Jami'ar Keele a 1960.&#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

Pownall yayi aiki a matsayin jami'in ma'aikata tare da [[Ford|Kamfanin Motoci na Ford]], Dagenham, Essex, daga 1960-63.</link>A cikin 1963, Pownall ya koma [[Zambiya|Zambia]] don ɗaukar matsayi a matsayin manajan ma'aikata a Anglo American PLC kuma ya zauna <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">**' &#x5B; &#x5D; aiki a can har zuwa 1969; yana da wasan kwaikwayo da yawa da aka yi a can.

Komawa Ingila don rubuta cikakken lokaci, ya zama marubuci mazaunin rukunin yawon shakatawa na ƙarni, daga 1970-72. Ya kasance marubuci mazaunin Duke's Playhouse, Lancaster, daga 1972 – 75, kuma yana da wasan kwaikwayo da yawa waɗanda suka yi.**' &#x5B; &#x5D;</sup> da tunani game da wurin, da kuma tunani a kan wasan kwaikwayo na [[William Shakespeare|Shakespeare]] .

Pownall ya taimaka ya samo gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Paines Plow, wanda ya samo asali a Coventry, inda ya kasance marubucin mazaunin daga 1975-80.</link>A cikin 1977, wasansa ''Richard III, Sashe na Biyu'' <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">**' &#x5D; &#x5B; Plough ya fara samarwa, an ɗauke shi zuwa bikin Edinburgh Fringe .

Da yake da sha'awar kiɗa, ya rubuta wasan kwaikwayo da yawa da suka danganci ƙalubale na mawaƙa, duka dangane da ƙerawa na mutum, kuma, a cikin *Jagoran Class* (1983), yana aiki a cikin yanayin siyasa na zalunci na Tarayyar Soviet a ƙarƙashin Joseph Stalin .

.Pownall ya rubuta wasan kwaikwayo don rediyo, da kuma kayan aikin yara da ɗaliban kwaleji. Gidan yanar gizon Sutton Elms ya lissafa kwanakin wasanni 75 da gidan rediyon BBC ya watsa tsakanin 1972 da 2018

A matsayin marubuci, aikin farko na Pownall, irin su *The Raing Tree War* (1974) da kuma *dokin Afirka* na gaba (1975) littattafan ban dariya ne a cikin yanayin Evelyn Waugh . Daga nan kuma sai abubuwan ban mamaki na tarihi suka zo kamar su *White Cutter* (1988), *Catalog of Men* (1999) da *The Ruling Passion* (2008). 

Ya mutu a ranar 22 ga Nuwamban shekarar 2022, yana da shekaru 84.  Matarsa Alex ta tsira da shi; Suna da ɗa, Max. Pownall kuma yana da 'ya'ya maza biyu daga auren baya, Gareth da Tom. 

## Legacy da girmamawa

* Darakta Doctorate na Wasiƙa daga Jami'ar Keele ;  kuma
* An zaɓe shi Fellow na Royal Society of Literature a 1976, don litattafai masu alaƙa *da Yaƙin Bishiyar Ruwa* da *Dokin Afirka*
* Edinburgh Festival Fringe Awards don *Kiɗa don Kisa Ta* (1976) da *Richard III Sashe na Biyu* (1977).
* 1981 John Whiting Award for *Beef* (1981), wasan rediyo.&#x5B; ** &#x5D;
* *New York Theatre Yearbook* : Mafi kyawun Wasan Wasan Waje akan Broadway, da Kyautar Darakta na Matsayin London don *Livingstone da Sechele* (1985). 
* 1980s - Kyautar Desk ɗin Wasan kwaikwayo na Los Angeles da nadin Wasanni da na 'yan wasa don Mafi kyawun Wasa: *Jagorar Class* 
* Giles Cooper Awards na wasan kwaikwayo na rediyo guda biyu, da Sony Zinariya da lambar yabo ta Sony Azurfa guda biyu. 

## Ayyukan da aka zaɓa
Kwanan watan da aka samar: 

* *All the World Should Be Taxed* (1971)
* *As We Lie* (1969, Zambia)
* *An Audience Called Edouard* (1978, pub. London: Faber and Faber, 1979)
* *Babbage* (2013)
* *Barricade* (1978)
* *Beauty and the Beast* (1973)
* *Beef* (1981, one-act radio play); in *Best Radio Plays of 1981*, London: Methuen Publishing, 1982)
* *Black Star* (1987, pub. in *Plays Two*, London: Oberon Books)
* *Buck Ruxton* (1975; pub. in *The Lancaster Plays*, London: Oberon Books, 2006)
* *Crates on Barrels* (1974, pub. in *Plays for One Person*, London: Oberon Books, 1997)
* *Death of a Faun* (1991)
* *Dreams and Censorship* (2010, BBC7 radio play)
* *Dinner Dance* (1991)
* *The Dream of Chief Crazy Horse* (1973, play for children; pub. London: Faber and Faber, 1975)
* *The Edge* (1987)
* *Elgar’s Rondo* (1993, pub. in *The Composer Plays*, London: Oberon Books, 1993)
* *Elgar’s Third* (1994, BBC Radio 3 radio play; pub. in *The Composer Plays*, London: Oberon, 1993)
* *Facade* (radio play, 2002)
* *Flos* (1982) Radio Play published in *Radio Plays: Oberon* (Modern Playwrights) by David Pownall (Paperback – 21 May 1998)
* *Gaunt* (1973, pub. in *The Lancaster Plays*, London: Oberon Books, 2006)
* *Getting the Picture* 1998, London: Oberon Books, 1998)
* *The Hot Hello* (1981)
* *How Does the Cukoo Learn to Fly?* (1970)
* *How to Grow a Guerrilla* (1971)
* *The Human Cartoon Show* (1974)
* *Innocent Screams* (2009, London: Oberon Books, 2009)
* *King John's Jewel* (1987)
* *Ladybird, Ladybird* (1986)
* *The Last of the Wizards* (1970)
* *Later* (1979, pub. in *Plays for One Person*, London: Oberon Books, 1997)
* *Lile Jimmy Williamson* (1975, pub. in *The Lancaster Plays*, London: Oberon Books, 2006)
* *Lions and Lambs* (1973)
* *[[Livingstone and Sechele]]* (1978)
* *[[Master Class (Pownall)|Master Class]]* (1983 - Re: Shostakovich, Prokofiev and Joseph Stalin; London: Faber and Faber, 1983)
* *Motocar* (1977; London: Faber and Faber, 1979)
* *Music to Murder By* (1976; London: Faber and Faber, 1978)
* *My Father's House* (1991, pub. in *Plays Two*, London: Oberon Books)
* *Nijinsky: Death of a Faun* (1991, London: Oberon Books, 1997)
* *Ploughboy Monday* (1985), radio play
* *[[Pride and Prejudice (play)|Pride and Prejudice]]* (1983)
* *The Pro* (1975)
* *Q* (1965, Zambia)
* *Richard III, Part Two* (1977, Edinburgh Fringe Festival; London, Faber and Faber, 1979)
* *Rousseau's Tale* (1990, *Plays for One Person*, London: Oberon Books, 1997)
* *Seconds at the Fight for Madrid* (1978)
* *A Tale of Two Town Halls* (1976, pub. in *The Lancaster Plays*, London: Oberon Books, 2006)
* *The Viewing* (1987, pub. in *Plays Two*, London: Oberon Books)

## Manazarta

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

* *Masu wasan kwaikwayo na zamani*, pp.&nbsp;439-440. St. James Press, 1988.
* *Sukar Adabin Zamani*, Juzu'i na 10, shafi.&nbsp;418-420. Gale, 1979.
* *Kamus na Tarihin Adabi*, Juzu'i na 14, Sashe na 2, shafi.&nbsp;592-597. Gale, 1983.

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Gidan rediyon David Pownall yana wasa, gidan yanar gizon Diversity