Hanyoyin Ruwa na Burtaniya

**Hanyar Ruwa ta Burtaniya**, wacce aka fi ragewa zuwa BW, kamfani ne na doka mallakar gwamnatin Burtaniya gaba ɗaya. Ta yi aiki a matsayin hukumar kula da hanyoyin ruwa ga yawancin magudanan ruwa da kuma wasu koguna da tashoshin jiragen ruwa a Ingila, Scotland da Wales.

A ranar 2 ga Yuli, 2012, an mayar da dukkan kadarorin da alhakin British Waterways a Ingila da Wales ga sabuwar ƙungiyar agaji da aka kafa ta Canal &amp;amp; River Trust .   A Scotland, British Waterways ta ci gaba da aiki a matsayin kamfanin gwamnati mai zaman kansa a ƙarƙashin sunan ciniki na Scottish Canals .

An kafa Hukumar Kula da Hanyoyin Ruwa ta Burtaniya ne da farko sakamakon Dokar Sufuri ta 1962 kuma ta karɓi iko da kadarorin hanyoyin ruwa na cikin gida na Hukumar Sufuri ta Burtaniya a shekarar 1963. A ƙarshen shekarun da suka gabata, Ma'aikatar Muhalli, Abinci da Harkokin Karkara (DEFRA) a Ingila da Wales, da kuma Gwamnatin Scotland a Scotland sun ɗauki nauyin hanyoyin ruwa na Burtaniya. 

An kula da hanyoyin ruwan Birtaniya kuma an kula da su   na magudanan ruwa, koguna da tashoshin jiragen ruwa a cikin Burtaniya, gami da gine-gine, gine-gine da shimfidar wurare kusa da waɗannan hanyoyin ruwa. Rabin al'ummar Burtaniya suna zaune a cikin mil biyar daga magudanar ruwa ko kogi da hanyoyin ruwa na Burtaniya ke sarrafawa a da.   Baya ga hanyoyin ruwa, hanyoyin ruwa na Burtaniya sun kuma kula kuma sun mallaki gine-gine 2,555 da aka jera  gami da abubuwan tarihi guda saba'in da aka tsara .  Wasu yankuna 800 suna da takamaiman matsayi na musamman kuma wasu ɗari kuma sune Wuraren Sha'awar Kimiyya ta Musamman (SSSIs).

Ta hanyar ƙungiyar agaji ta The Waterways Trust, British Waterways ta ci gaba da adana gidan tarihi na tarihinta a wurare uku na Gidan Tarihi na National Waterways a Gloucester Docks, Stoke Bruerne da Ellesmere Port . Tun bayan da aka mayar da kadarorin da alhakin British Waterways zuwa Canal & River Trust, The Waterways Trust a Ingila da Wales ta haɗu da Canal & River Trust. Duk da haka, ta ci gaba da zama ƙungiyar agaji mai zaman kanta a Scotland. 

## Tarihi
 

### Tsarin aiki
A farkon karni na 20, hanyar sadarwa ta magudanar ruwa ta ragu saboda karuwar gasa tsakanin layin dogo da sufuri na hanya. Har zuwa shekarun 1950, ana ci gaba da jigilar kaya da sauran kayayyaki a kan magudanar ruwa, mallakar kamfanonin jirgin ƙasa ne a wancan lokacin. Lokacin da aka mayar da layukan dogo na ƙasa a shekarar 1948, an haɗa magudanar ruwa da suka mallaka cikin sabuwar Hukumar Sufuri ta Burtaniya .  Hukumar ta mayar da hankali kan ƙarfafa zirga-zirgar kasuwanci zuwa hanyoyin ruwa, amma tare da gina manyan hanyoyi a shekarun 1950, da kuma dokoki kamar Dokar Tsabtace Iska ta 1956 da ta shafi masu jigilar kwal ta amfani da hanyoyin ruwa, wannan manufar ba za a iya ci gaba da dorewa ba. Kwantiragin ƙarshe na jigilar kwal mai nisa mai kunkuntar kwal, daga Atherstone zuwa masana'antar jam ta Kearley da Tonge da ke Southall kusa da London, ya ƙare a watan Oktoba na 1970,  kodayake ruwan lemun tsami ya ci gaba da ɗaukar shi ta jirgin ruwa mai kunkuntar daga Brentford zuwa Boxmoor har zuwa 1981, kuma ya haɗu daga Thurmaston zuwa Syston daga 1976 har zuwa 1988. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Tsarin Ruwa
A matsayin wani ɓangare na alƙawarin da British Waterways ke yi na tallata hanyoyin ruwa ga masu amfani da su banda masu tuƙa kwale-kwale, BW ta kafa gidan yanar gizon Waterscape a shekara ta 2003 don zama tushen bayanai da nishaɗi na hukuma ga hanyoyin ruwa na cikin gida na Burtaniya. Gidan yanar gizon ya yi aiki tare da Hukumar Muhalli da Hukumar Broads  kuma ya rufe dukkan hanyoyin ruwa, koguna da hanyoyin ruwa a Ingila, Scotland da Wales.    

## Manazarta