James Burns (mai mallakar jirgin ruwa na Australiya)

**Sir James Burns** KCMG (10 Fabrairu 1846 - 22 Agusta 1923) sanannen ɗan kasuwa ne, mai mallakar jirgin ruwa kuma mai ba da agaji a Ostiraliya. Musamman, an san shi da co-kafa Burns Philp da Kamfanin, kamfanin sufuri da kasuwanci, da kuma kafa Gidajen Presbyterian na Burnside don Yara a Arewacin Parramatta (wanda yanzu ake kira UnitingCare Burnside), ƙungiyar kula da yara da iyali.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Burns a Polmont, Scotland, ɗan ɗan kasuwa, David Burns, kuma ya yi karatu a Edinburgh" id="mwIA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="University of Edinburgh">Kwalejin Newington da Royal High School a Edinburgh. Ya yi ƙaura zuwa Queensland a 1862 kuma ya yi aiki na shekaru uku a Yammacin Queensland a matsayin jackaroo. A cikin 1865 ya kafa kantin sayar da kayayyaki na Brisbane, Burns & Scott, tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da ɗan'uwansa, kuma ya kafa shagunan farko a Gympie da kusa da One Mile Creek da Kilkivan a cikin 1867, lokacin da aka sami zinariya a can. Daga nan sai ya sayar da abubuwan da yake da su kuma ya koma Scotland a 1870 bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa. Ya ziyarci Faransa a takaice a matsayin mai kallo da mataimakin kokarin agaji bayan Paris Commune na 1871 kafin ya koma Queensland.

## Kasuwanci da sauran ayyukan
A shekara ta 1871, Burns ya koma Arewacin Queensland don kafa sabon kamfani na kasuwanci a Townsville. Daga baya ya ba da rancen Robert Philp isasshen kuɗi don ya zama abokin tarayya a cikin kamfanin. Kamfanin ya bunƙasa ta hanyar mallakar jiragen ruwa da jiragen ruwa na kasuwanci, da farko an hayar su don tabbatar da wadataccen kayayyaki tsakanin Queensland da Sydney. Wannan ya zama tushen kamfanin Queensland Steam Shipping Company Limited, daga baya ya haɗu da Burns Philp, wanda ya kasance a matsayin babban kamfanin kasuwanci a yau. Birnin ya fadada zuwa tashoshin jiragen ruwa daban-daban a Gabashin Indiya da Tsibirin Pacific, kuma kamfanin ya rama cikin ƙoƙarin kasuwanci daban-daban cikin shekarun da suka biyo baya.

Baya ga kafa Burns Philp, abubuwan da yake so na kasuwanci sun haɗa da zama shugaban (North) Queensland Insurance Co. Ltd a cikin 1886-1923, New South Wales Mortgage, Land, and Agency Co. da Solomon Islands Development Co. Ltd. Ya kuma kasance darektan Australian Mutual Provident Society, Sydney Exchange Co., Bankin North Queensland, da kuma ma'adanai daban-daban, da kuma mallakar dukiyar makiyaya ta Queensland. 

Burns ya yi aiki a kwamishinan bincike na sarauta game da gwamnatin jirgin kasa a 1906 kuma an nada shi a Majalisar Dokoki ta New South Wales a 1908.  Ya shiga rundunar Parramatta ta 1st Royal New South Wales Lancers a matsayin soja a watan Yunin 1891 kuma nan da nan aka kara shi Kyaftin, kuma ya zama Manjo a watan Janairun 1896. Daga Satumba 1897 zuwa Yuni 1903 ya umurci rundunar a matsayin Lieutenant-Colonel. An ɗaukaka shi zuwa Colonel a watan Yulin 1903 kuma ya umurci 1st Australian Light Horse Brigade har zuwa Janairu 1907, lokacin da ya yi ritaya.

Burns ya kasance shugaban kungiyar Caledonian Society na tsawon shekaru ashirin. A lokacin yakin duniya na Burns ya taimaka wajen kafa wani makirci don tabbatar da maza da suka shiga tsakani tare da masu dogaro, da kansa yana ba da gudummawar £ 2000 a shekara a lokacin yakin.

## Rayuwa ta baya
Daga shekarun 1880, Burns ya kasance a wani yanki da aka sani da Gowan Brae, arewacin Parramatta . Ya yi ritaya daga ayyukan gwamnati da kasuwanci saboda rashin lafiya a 1908, kuma ya zauna a Gowan Brae daga wannan lokacin zuwa gaba. Ba da daɗewa ba, ya kusanci Ikilisiyar Presbyterian ta Ostiraliya, yana ba da shawarar cewa su kafa gidan Presbyteriyan ga yara. A cikin 1910 ya ba da wasu kadarorin Gowan Brae, don kafa Gidajen Presbyterian don Yara (daga baya aka sake masa suna Burnside kuma a halin yanzu an san shi da UnitingCare Burnside ), kuma ya kasance shugaban kwamitin shekaru goma.  Ya zama sha'awarsa a cikin shekarun da ya yi "retirement", yayin da ya ba da gudummawa da yawa ga sababbin gidaje da yara. Kasuwancinsa da haɗin gwamnati sun tabbatar da cewa gudummawa daga wasu tushe ma suna zuwa, tare da gidaje masu suna bayan masu tallafawa kuma manyan mutane sun buɗe su a hukumance.

Burns ya ci gaba da zama a Gowan Brae har zuwa mutuwarsa kuma an binne shi a can a cikin makabartar iyali, wanda yanzu yake cikin filin Makarantun Sarki. Ya bar dukiyar ga ɗansa, James, amma ya ba da shawarar cewa, idan James bai buƙatar dukiyar ba, ya kamata a ba da ita ga (sa'an nan) Burnside Presbyterian Orphans Homes. James ya girmama wannan buƙatar, kuma an ba da dukiyar

## manazarta