Gidan binnewar Afirka na Portsmouth

**Gidan binnewar Afirka na Portsmouth** wurin shakatawa ne na tunawa a kan titin Chestnut a Portsmouth, New Hampshire, Amurka. Gidan shakatawa na tunawa yana zaune a saman wani kabari na karni na 18 wanda ke dauke da kusan 'yanci da bayi na Afirka. Ita ce kawai wurin binnewar Afirka da aka tabbatar da shi a lokacin New England.

An gano shafin ne a shekara ta 2003 lokacin da ma'aikatan gine-gine suka gano wanda aka binne yayin da suke ƙoƙarin tono rami. An gano ragowar mutane takwas kuma sun ƙaddara su kasance na asalin Afirka. Daga cikin ragowar takwas, hudu maza ne, daya mace ne, daya yaro ne, sauran kuma ba a iya tantance su ba.

## Tarihi
Kodayake ba a san ainihin ranar binnewar farko a cikin Gidan binnewar Afirka ba, taswirar da suka fara zuwa 1705 sun haɗa da makabartar.[1] An daina amfani da kabarin a ƙarshen karni na 18 amma an ambaci shi a cikin wata jarida da aka rubuta a wani lokaci a tsakiyar shekarun 1800.[1] Taswirar birnin ta ci gaba da haɗawa da makabarta har zuwa 1902. Koyaya shekaru na ci gaban birni; titunan hanya, gine-ginen datti, da gine-ginin gini na ƙarni na goma sha tara da na ashirin sun haifar da rufe shafin. A shekara ta 2000, an sanya alama kusa da makabartar don nuna wurin binnewa tare da Black Heritage Trail. A shekara ta 2003 ma'aikatan kulawa sun gano ragowar mutane goma sha uku [1] yayin kulawa ta yau da kullun.[2] Bayan haka, masu binciken tarihi sun bincika mutane takwas, kuma an san wuraren kabari guda biyar, amma ba a tono su ba.[2] Masu binciken tarihi ne suka yi nazarin ragowar waɗannan mutane takwas waɗanda suka yi amfani da gwajin DNA don tabbatar da cewa sun fito ne daga asalin Afirka.[2] A shekara ta 2004, Majalisar Birnin Portsmouth ta kirkiro Kwamitin Gidan binnewar Afirka tare da manufar gano yadda za a ba da haraji mai kyau ga wurin binnewa. Bayan shekaru biyar na zane, Kwamitin Gidauniyar Afirka ya gabatar da wani tsari ga Majalisar Birnin Portsmouth kuma an amince da shi.[2] Kwamitin binnewar Afirka ne ya zaɓi Jerome Meadows don ƙirƙirar ƙirar wurin shakatawa na tunawa a cikin shekara ta 2008. [undefined] An bayyana wurin shakatawa na tunawa a ranar 23 ga Mayu, 2015 wanda kuma ya nuna ranar da aka sake binne waɗannan mutane takwas da aka gano.[4] A ƙarshe, abin tunawa ya kai sama da dala miliyan 1.1 wanda 'yan ƙasa, kamfanoni, da birnin Portsmouth da kansa suka ba da gudummawa.[4] A ranar 23 ga Mayu, 2016, birnin Portsmouth ya gudanar da bikin cika shekaru guda don wurin shakatawa na tunawa da sake binnewa.[3]￼

## Bayanan wurin tunawa
Abin tunawa yana zaune a yankin masu tafiya tsakanin titunan Jiha da Kotun kuma ya haɗa da:

* Shigarwa tare da siffar mace ta Afirka da bawa namiji na Afirka
* Layin korafi a ƙasa tare da kalmomi daga 1779 Roƙo don 'yanci ta bayi ashirin daga Portsmouth
* Marker na Bayani
* Rufin binnewa na bikin, murfin zagaye wanda ke rufe rufin karkashin kasa inda aka sake binne ragowar
* 8 Al'ummomin Al'umma
* Kayan ado na Railing tare da abubuwa na zane-zane na Kinte 

## Bayani na Shigarwa
Yankin shigarwa zuwa wurin shakatawa na tunawa yana arewa kuma babban yanki ne na rectangular na dutse tare da siffofi biyu na tagulla a kowane gefe. Da yake fuskantar Gabas, zuwa Afirka, shi ne wakilin bayi na farko da suka sauka a New England. Hoton da kansa yana da girma sosai, wakiltar ƙarfin tunani da ake buƙata bayan fuskantar cinikin bayi da tafiya daga Afirka zuwa New England. Yana sanye da wando da rigar, wanda ke nuna aikin da ake buƙata daga bayi don gina ƙauyukan mulkin mallaka. A wancan gefen dutsen, da ke fuskantar Yamma akwai mace ta Afirka. A cewar mai zane-zane na wurin shakatawa, Jerome Meadows, ita ce hoton Uwar Afirka.  Tana wakiltar asarar dangi, abokai, da 'yan uwanta da suka rabu da juna a lokacin cinikin bayi. Tana sanye da tufafin gargajiya na Yammacin Afirka da kuma kawunansu wanda zai zama ruwan dare a ƙauyenta. Dukkanin siffofin suna da hannu wanda ya kai tare da dutsen dutse don ɗayan. Hannunsu ba sa taɓawa, a maimakon haka suna da nisa. Wannan shine don wakiltar rabuwa da bayi na Afirka suka samu kuma dole ne su sami gogewa sama da shekaru 200.

## Hotuna

Fayil:Portsmouth_African_Burying_Ground_Memorial_Park_10.jpg|The Petition Line. Portsmouth African Burying Ground Memorial Park
Fayil:Portsmouth_African_Burying_Ground_Memorial_Park_03.jpg|Portsmouth African Burying Ground Memorial Park
Fayil:Portsmouth_African_Burying_Ground_Memorial_Park_11.jpg|Inscription on a Community Figure. Portsmouth African Burying Ground Memorial Park


## Manazarta