Louise Mushikiwabo

**Louise Mushikiwabo** (an haife ta 22 ga watan Mayu, Shekarata 1961) ita ce ta huɗu kuma a halin yanzu Sakatariyar Janar na Ƙungiyar internationale de la Francophonie. Ta taba rike mukamin ministar harkokin wajen kasar Rwanda daga shekarar 2009 zuwa 2018.Ta kuma kasance Kakakin Gwamnati.A baya ta kasance ministar yada labarai.

A ranar 12 ga Watan Oktoba, shekarata 2018, an zabe ta na wa'adin shekaru hudu don matsayin Sakatare Janar na Kungiyar Internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) a taron Francophonie a Yerevan, Armenia.

## Rayuwar farko

An haifi Louise Mushikiwabo a ranar 22 ga watan Mayu , shekarat 1961 a Kigali, babban birnin Rwanda. Mahaifinta shi ne Bitsindinkumi, dan Tutsi daga kabilar Batsobe; Bitsindinkumi ta yi aiki a matsayin manomi, yana kula da ƙananan gidaje da kuma aiki a matsayin mai kula da kantin sayar da kofi na mulkin mallaka. Mahaifiyarta ita ce Nyiratulira, kani na farko ga masanin falsafa Abiru kuma masanin tarihi Alexis Kagame. Ta yi yarinta a Kigali. Ƙananan yara tara, 'yan uwanta sun haɗa da Lando Ndasingwa, wanda ya zama sanannen dan kasuwa kuma ɗan siyasa a Rwanda kafin a kashe shi a 1994 a lokacin kisan kare dangi na Rwanda, da Anne-Marie Kantengwa, wanda ya karbi otal din Chez Lando. Bayan rasuwarsa kuma ya yi aiki a majalisar dokokin Rwanda daga shekarata 2003 zuwa 2008.

Bayan ta kammala makarantar firamare da sakandare a Kigali, Mushikiwabo ta tafi karatu a Jami'ar Kasa ta Ruwanda (Jami'ar Ruwanda a halin yanzu), a kudancin birnin Butare, a 1981. Ta kammala jami'a a shekarar 1984, inda ta yi digiri na farko a fannin Ingilishi, sannan ta yi aiki a takaice a matsayin malamar sakandare. A cikin 1986, ta yi hijira daga Ruwanda zuwa Amurka, inda ta fara karatun digiri na biyu a cikin Harsuna da Fassara a Jami'ar Delaware, tare da Faransanci a matsayin yaren ƙwararrunta. Bayan kammala karatun ta a 1988, ta ci gaba da zama a Amurka, ta zauna a yankin Washington, DC. Ta fara aiki ne da kungiyoyi masu fafutuka, kafin ta yi aiki a African Development Bank (ADB); A matsayin wani ɓangare na rawar da ta yi tare da ADB ta zauna a Tunisiya na ɗan lokaci, kuma daga ƙarshe ta zama Daraktan Sadarwa na banki.

A cikin shekarar 2006, Mushikiwabo ta rubuta wani littafi, *Rwanda Means the Universe,* wanda Jack Kramer, ɗan jarida ɗan Amurka kuma tsohon soja ne ya rubuta shi. Littafin na ɗan littafin tarihin rayuwa ne, yana kwatanta tarihin dangin Mushikiwabo, farkon rayuwarta a Ruwanda, da abubuwan da ta faru a lokacin yin hijira zuwa Amurka. Har ila yau, ta yi bayani dalla-dalla game da kisan kiyashin da aka yi a kasar Ruwanda, ta fuskar tarihi da kuma ta fuskar Mushikwabo da ke zaune a Washington, yayin da ta samu labarin cewa an kashe 'yan uwanta da dama.

## Aikin siyasa

### Ministan Yada Labarai, 2008 &#x2013; 2009
A watan Maris din shekarar 2008 ne shugaban kasar Rwanda Paul Kagame ya gayyace Mushikiwabo da ya koma kasarta ta Rwanda da samun mukami a gwamnatinsa. An nada ta a matsayin ministar yada labarai, ta maye gurbin Laurent Nkusi. A farkon mulkinta, Mushikiwabo ita ce ke da alhakin yanke hukunci kan ko za ta dauki mataki a kan wasu kungiyoyin yada labarai na cikin gida da suka yada labaran batanci kan Kagame. Wata jarida, jaridar Kinyarwanda kullum *Umuco*, ta buga labarin kwatanta shugaban kasa da Adolf Hitler, kuma babbar majalisar 'yan jarida (HCP) ta bukaci gwamnati ta dakatar da lasisin jaridar. Nkusi ya ki amincewa da wannan bukata, kuma yayin da Mushikiwabo bai dakatar da takardar a hukumance ba, amma duk da haka ya daina bugawa a watan Oktoba 2008. Mushikiwabo gabaɗaya tana ƙarfafa abokan aikinta da su goyi bayan 'yancin aikin jarida, amma kuma ta dage wajen tabbatar da cewa kafofin watsa labaru sun bi ƙaƙƙarfan dokokin Ruwanda da ke tattare da kin kisan kiyashi. A shekara ta 2009, ta ba da sanarwar dakatar da gidan rediyon Kinyarwanda na wucin gadi da gidan rediyon Burtaniya (BBC) ke yadawa, saboda ta yi iƙirarin cewa an watsa shirye-shiryen "wanda ke ba da damar kisan kiyashi da masu adawa da kisan kiyashi kyauta"; BBC ta musanta wannan ikirari, tana mai cewa ita da gwamnati suna da tafsiri daban-daban game da kisan kiyashin.

Kazalika kasancewar ta dauki nauyin yanke shawarar ma’aikatar, Mushikiwabo ta kuma cika aikin mai magana da yawun gwamnati a lokacin da take rike da mukamin ministar yada labarai. Misali a lokacin da Rwanda ta fuskanci rikicin diflomasiyya da Jamus bayan kama shugabar tsare-tsare ta shugaba Kagame Rose Kabuye, Mushikiwabo ya yi magana da kafafen yada labarai na duniya don fayyace matsayin gwamnatin Rwanda. Ta yi amfani da basirarta na harshe, tana iya ba da bayanai a duk yarukan hukuma na Rwanda, Kinyarwanda, Faransanci da Ingilishi.

## Sauran ayyukan

* Gidauniyar Afirka ta Turai (AEF), Memba na Babban Rukunin Ƙungiyoyin Jama'a akan Harkokin Afirka da Turai (tun 2020)
* Taron Tsaro na Munich, Memba na Majalisar Shawarwari
* Gasar Cin Kofin Jinsi na Duniya (IGC), Memba

## Rayuwa ta sirri da iyali

Dan uwanta, Lando Ndasingwa, shi ne kawai ministar Tutsi a gwamnatin Habyarimana na karshe, amma an kashe shi a farkon kisan kare dangi na 1994. 'Yar uwarta, Anne-Marie Kantengwa, ta dauki nauyin kula da otal da gidan cin abinci na dan uwansu, Chez Lando, bayan kisansa. Mushikiwabo kuma 'yar autan fitaccen malami ne dan kasar Rwanda kuma limamin coci Alexis Kagame.

## Manazarta