Hanyar Tattalin Arziki ta Gabas

**Hanyar tattalin arziki ta Gabas** (**ECEC**) ita ce hanyar tattalin arziki ta farko ta Indiya, tana rufe kilomita 2500 na bakin tekun Indiya, da za a bunkasa tare da taimakon Bankin Ci Gaban Asiya (ADB) . ADB za ta saka hannun jari na dala miliyan 500 a ci gaban ababen more rayuwa na aikin. Tun daga ƙarshen 2013, ADB tana tallafawa karatu a kan hanyoyin sufuri a Indiya. Mataki na 1 na ECEC shine Visakhapatnam-Chennai Industrial Corridor (VCIC) wanda kwamitin ADB ya amince da shi a watan Oktoba 2016. ECEC da ke gudana a duk gabar gabashin Indiya daga Kolkata zuwa Kanyakumari, hanya ce ta teku ta yanki wacce za ta iya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen hada manyan kasuwar cikin gida, da kuma hada tattalin arzikin Indiya tare da sarkar darajar duniya ta kudu maso gabas da Gabashin Asiya. Zai taka muhimmiyar rawa a yakin neman zabe na Gwamnatin Indiya (GoI) Make in India kuma yana tallafawa dabarun masana'antu da ke karkashin shirin Sagar Mala da Dokar Gabas ta Gabas ta hanyar haɗa kamfanonin cikin gida tare da cibiyoyin samar da duniya na Gabas da Kudu maso Gabas.&nbsp;

ECEC ya shimfiɗa kusan kilomita 2,500 tare da gabar gabashin Indiya - daga Kolkata a arewa zuwa Kanyakumari a kudu - ta ratsa jihohi huɗu na West Bengal, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh da Tamil Nadu.

ECEC ta ƙunshi cibiyoyin ayyukan tattalin arziki da yawa, wanda ke rufe ba kawai masu wadataccen albarkatu ba har ma da yankuna mafi talauci. Haɗakar da yankuna masu raguwa tare da ɗakunan masana'antu masu girma da aka kafa sosai zai taimaka wajen samar da damar aiki ga matalauta. Don karfafa ayyukan tattalin arziki a wasu tarin da ke tasowa da rarraba ci gaba a cikin yankin, ingantaccen sufuri mai yawa ya zama dole. Kasancewar masana'antar bayanai da sadarwa mai ƙarfi (ICT) a Kolkata, Visakhapatnam, Hyderabad, da Chennai na iya ba da tallafi ga cibiyar sadarwa ta ECEC; samar da dandamali don ci gaban ƙwarewa a wasu fannoni masu alaƙa; da sauƙaƙe aiwatar da tsarin e-gwamnati don kiyayewa, saka idanu, da kimanta ayyukan ci gaban hanya.

Ya haɗu da Raipur-Visakhapatnam Economic Corridor a Visakhapatnam .

## Tarihi
Indiya ta sami saurin canji na tsari da ci gaban tattalin arziki mai ƙarfi a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Ya fito ne a matsayin daya daga cikin tattalin arzikin da ke bunkasa da sauri a duniya a cikin raguwar tattalin arzikin duniya na yanzu. Tare da rabon jama'a wanda ke kawo babbar riba ta tattalin arziki, babbar kasuwar cikin gida, da kuma damar da za a iya haɗawa da tattalin arzikin duniya, Indiya tana da damar matsawa zuwa hanyar ci gaba mafi girma. Don ci gaba da wannan ƙarfin, dole ne ya ci gaba da ƙirƙirar damar tattalin arziki ga babban ma'aikatansa, wanda ke ƙaruwa da kusan miliyan 12 a shekara. Ɗaya daga cikin ƙalubalen manufofi na gaggawa shine ƙirƙirar ayyukan da suka fi dacewa da biyan kuɗi a bangaren masana'antu, wanda ke ba da gudummawa kusan 17% ga babban samfurin cikin gida (GDP) da 21-29% a Gabas da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya. Har ila yau, Indiya tana da iyakantaccen shiga cikin GVCs tare da GVC Participation Index na 43% a cikin 2011, ƙasa da takwarorinta a Asiya ciki har da Koriya ta Kudu (62%), Malaysia (60%), da, Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin (48%).

Don ci gaba a kan hanyar Ci gaba mai ɗorewa, Indiya za ta buƙaci ƙarin saka hannun jari a cikin ababen more rayuwa, sake fasalin ka'idoji, ci gaban ƙwarewa da sabunta fasahar zamani, da kirkire-kirkire a cikin kuɗi. Manufar da ta dace ita ce ta ba da damar kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, wanda ya kasance tushen kafa babban birnin Indiya da samar da aiki, don cika damar ci gabanta.

## Dabarun ci gaban tattalin arziki
Ci gaban hanyar tattalin arziki (ECD) wata hanya ce da ke haɗa masana'antu, ababen more rayuwa, dabaru, da kuma birni ta hanyar masana'antu da ke da alaƙa da cibiyoyin birane da ƙofofin duniya ta hanyar ingantaccen hanyar sufuri ta multimodal. Dabarun ECD masu nasara suna buƙatar ingantattun ababen more rayuwa da tsarin manufofi wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen masana'antu, yana jan hankalin saka hannun jari a bangaren masana'antu. Cibiyoyin birane a cikin gangaren ba kawai manyan kasuwanni ne na kayan masana'antu da shigo da su ba, har ma da tushen aiki, fasaha, ilimi, da kirkire-kirkire.

GoI a halin yanzu tana gina manyan hanyoyin masana'antu a duk faɗin ƙasar. Tare da ECEC, an gano wasu ayyukan masana'antu guda hudu (Delhi-Mumbai, Chennai-Bengaluru, Bengaluru-Mumbau, da Amritsar Kolkata), an tsara su, kuma GoI ta kaddamar da su. Wadannan hanyoyin suna yadawa a duk faɗin Indiya, tare da mayar da hankali kan ci gaba mai mahimmanci don samar da ci gaba ga masana'antu da tsara birane.

## Babban girman ECEC

### Masana'antu da ke karkashin tashar jiragen ruwa
Tashoshin jiragen ruwa sune tushe na cinikayya ta duniya da ci gaban tattalin arzikin duniya, tare da jigilar jiragen ruwa yanzu kusan kashi 85% na bukatun duniya. Tsawon bakin teku na ECEC da kuma wurin dabarun suna ba da damar haɓaka ƙofofin ƙasa da ƙasa da yawa don haɗa Indiya da sarkar ƙimar duniya.

ECEC za ta karfafa shirin Sagarmala na gwamnati, wanda ke neman bunkasa ƙarfin tattalin arzikin Indiya a bakin tekun ta hanyar canza tashar jiragen ruwa, masana'antu a kusa da bakin tekun, da kuma kayan aikin da ke cikin gida. ECEC, tare da babbar hanyar sadarwar tashar jiragen ruwa da masana'antar jiragen ruwa mai tasowa, tana shirye don taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunkasa cibiyoyin jiragen ruwa.

### Cibiyar sadarwa
Ingantawa ga mahimman kayan aiki masu inganci zai rage farashin ma'amala ga kasuwanci, don haka ya haifar da karuwar saka hannun jari masu zaman kansu, ci gaban masana'antu, da ci gaban tattalin arziki. Haɗakar da masana'antu zuwa GVCs da ke Gabas da kudu maso gabashin Asiya suna buƙatar ababen more rayuwa na duniya, dabaru, da wuraren rarrabawa. Inganta hanyoyin sadarwa na hanya da na dogo da haɓaka haɗin gefen da ke haɗuwa zai motsa ayyukan tattalin arziki a cikin ɗakunan da ke akwai da masu tasowa kuma ya inganta gasa a cikin ECEC. Hakanan zai samar da lokaci-da tsada-tsada haɗin kai tsakanin hinterlands da ECEC, da kuma tabbatar da amintaccen kayan samar da wutar lantarki ga masana'antu ta hanyar kara ƙarfin samar da wutar wutar lantarki da ƙarfafa hanyar watsawa.

## Dubi kuma

* Amritsar Delhi Kolkata Masana'antu
* Bankin Ci Gaban Asiya
* Chennai Bangalore Masana'antu
* Shirin Masana'antu na Delhi Mumbai
* Hanyar tattalin arziki ta Mumbai-Bangalore
* Kungiyar Kudancin Asiya don Haɗin Kai na Yankin
* Kudancin Asiya Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziki
* Hanyar Masana'antu ta Visakhapatnam-Chennai
* Hanyar Tattalin Arziki ta Gabas (India) 

## Manazarta