Chaim bin Attar

**Chaim bin Attar** ko kuma **Hayim ben Moshe ibn Attar** (   , ; b.  - 7 ga Yuli 1743) wanda kuma aka sani da **Or ha-Ḥayyim** bayan shahararren sharhinsa akan Attauna, Talmudist da kuma Kabbalist. Ana iya cewa shi daya ne daga cikin fitattun malamai na Maroko, kuma ana girmama shi sosai a addinin Yahudanci Hassidic.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife shi a Salé, Morocco a cikin shekarar 1696, Chaim ɗan Rabbi Moshe Ben-Attar ne kuma jikan Rabbi Chaim Ben-Attar (Dattijo),wanda ya koya ilimi daga gare shi a farkon shekarunsa. Sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara tara, iyalinsa suka gudu zuwa Meknes, a ƙasar Maroko, suna tserewa wasiƙar antisemitic na gida.  Ba da daɗewa ba ya auri wata ‘yar uwarsa, mai suna Fatzunyah, mahaifinta ya goyi bayansa, ya bar shi ya yi karatun Attaura ba tare da nauyin taimakon gida ba; bai samu haihuwa da ita ba, don haka daga baya ya auri mata ta biyu mai suna Esther Bibas, wadda yake da ’ya mace tilo da ita. Yakan yi karatun tafsiri da su duk daren Juma'a sashin Attaura na mako tare da bayanin da aka rubuta kuma aka inganta shi zuwa shahararren sharhinsa 'Ko ha-Hayyim al ha-Torah'.  Lokacin da surukinsa ya mutu a shekara ta 1724, yanayin samunsa ya tsananta, kodayake nauyin tallafi ya koma ga mahaifinsa. A wannan lokacin, yana kuma gudanar da yeshiva a Salé. 

Lokacin da fari ta afkawa kasar Moroko, ya yanke shawarar barin ƙasarsa ta haihuwa, ya zauna a ƙasar Isra'ila, a lokacin wani ɓangare na Daular Usmaniyya ta Siriya. A kan hanyarsa, attajiran Yahudawa sun tsaida shi kuma suka kafa masa yeshiva a Livorno. Wannan ya kasance a cikin 1739.  Yawancin almajiransa daga baya sun zama fitattu kuma suka ba shi kuɗi don buga littafinsa *Or ha-Ḥayyim* (Harshen ). 

Chaim ya samu karbuwa sosai a duk inda ya je saboda yawan ilimi da basirarsa. Kafin ya zauna na dindindin a ƙasar Isra'ila, ya tafi Algiers inda ya ɗauki ɗalibai don yeshiva da yake shirin buɗewa a ƙasar Isra'ila. Ba da daɗewa ba ya isa tashar jiragen ruwa na Acre a ƙasar Isra'ila tare da matansa biyu da ɗalibai talatin. Duk da haka bai iya kai tsaye zuwa Urushalima ba, saboda annoba. A tsakiyar 1742 ya isa Urushalima, inda ya kafa Yeshivat Knesset Isra'ila . 

Ɗaya daga cikin almajiransa akwai Chaim Yosef David Azulai, wanda ya rubuta game da girman ubangijinsa: "Zuciyar Attar ta girgiza da Talmud; ya tumɓuke duwatsu kamar rafi maras ƙarfi, tsarkinsa na mala'ikan Ubangiji ne, ... da ya raba duka duka. alaka da al'amuran duniya." 

A ranar 7 ga Yuli, 1743, kasa da shekara guda da isowarsa Urushalima, Chaim ya rasu; ya kasance a ranar Asabar . An ce a wannan makon a Turai, Baal Shem Tov yana zaune a Seudah shlishit, kuma kafin kowa a yankin ya sami labarin mutuwar Chaim, ya ce, “An kashe hasken Yamma!”  An binne shi a makabartar Yahudawa ta Dutsen Zaitun da ke Kudus, Isra'ila.

## Ayyuka

# *Ḥefetz Hashem* (ƙarin Allah), Amsterdam, 1732—rubutu a kan littattafan Talmudic guda huɗu *Berakhot,* *Shabbat,* *Horayot,* da *Ḥullin.*
# *Ko ha-Ḥayyim* (Hasken Rayuwa), Venice, 1742 — sharhin Pentateuch bayan hanyoyin huɗu da aka sani tare da Pardes ; an sake buga shi sau da yawa. Sunansa ya dogara ne akan wannan aikin, wanda ya shahara a wurin Hasidim .
# *Peri Toar* (Beautiful Fruit), *novellae* on the *Shulchan Aruch ,* *Yoreh De'ah ,* musamman tare da sharhin Hiskiah de Silva *Peri Ḥadash,* Amsterdam, 1742; Vienna da Lemberg, 1810.
# *Rishon le-Zion,* Constantinople, 1750—wanda ya ƙunshi *litattafai* zuwa littattafan Talmudic da yawa, akan wasu sassa na *Shulḥan Arukh,* akan kalmomin Maimonides, akan *Megillot biyar,* akan Annabawa da kuma *Karin Magana .*
# A ƙarƙashin wannan take an buga shi a Polna, 1804, bayaninsa akan *Joshua ,* *Alƙalai ,* *Sama'ila ,* da *[[Annabi Ishaq|Ishaya]] .*

## Duba kuma

* Shugaban Joseph David Azulai
* Ha-Chaim Synagogue

## Manazarta

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

* Michael, Ko ha-hayyim, No. 894;
* Benjacob, *Otzar ha-Sefarim*, p.&nbsp;541;
* Luncz, a *Urushalima*, i.122 (epitaphs);
* Nacht, ''Mekor Chayim'', tarihin rayuwar Ibrananci na 'Attar, Drohobycz, 1898;
* Azulai, *Shem ha-Gedolim* ;
* Franco, *Histoire des Israélites d'Orient*
* 

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Ko haHayyim: Halittu, Al'ada, da Sufanci a cikin Tafsirin Attaura na R. Hayyim bn Attar.
* Littafin Ohr ha-Chaim a cikin fayilolin rubutu a cikin Ibrananci.