Alice Shalvi

**Alice Shalvi** (Ibraniyawa: ; 16 ga Oktoba 1926 - 2 ga Oktoba 2023) farfesa ce kuma malama a Isra'ila. Ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a ci gaban ilimin Yahudawa ga 'yan mata da inganta matsayin mata.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Alice Hildegard Margulies (daga baya Shalvi) a Essen, Jamus, ga dangin Yahudawa na Orthodox. Iyayenta, Benzion da Perl Margulies, sun kasance masu bin addinin Zionists. Alice ita ce ƙarama cikin yara biyu. Iyalin suna da kasuwancin lilin da kayan gida.

A 1933, ba da daɗewa ba bayan da Hitler ya hau mulki a Jamus, an bincika gidan dangin, wanda ya sa suka koma London a watan Mayu na shekara ta 1934.  A Landan, mahaifin Shalvi da ɗan'uwansa sun shigo da agogo da kayan ado. Lokacin da Blitz ya fara, sun koma Aylesbury, kilomita 50 a arewacin London, kuma sun zauna a cikin wani karamin gida a Waddesdon, wanda ya kasance wani ɓangare na dukiyar James Rothschild.

Iyalin sun gina masana'anta a can don na'urorin daidaita makamai waɗanda suka kafa su ta hanyar kuɗi. A shekara ta 1944, Shalvi ta yi karatun wallafe-wallafen Ingilishi a Jami'ar Cambridge . A shekara ta 1946, an tura ta zuwa Taron Zionist na 22 a Basel a matsayin wakilin ɗaliban Yahudawa na Burtaniya.

A shekara ta 1949, bayan kammala digiri a aikin zamantakewa a Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta London, Shalvi ya yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila, ya ƙaura a Urushalima. Ta zama memba a sashen Ingilishi na Jami'ar Ibrananci ta Urushalima, kuma ta sami digirinta na PhD a can a shekarar 1962.

A watan Mayu 1950 ta sadu da Moshe Shelkowitz (daga baya Shalvi), sabon baƙo daga Birnin New York, wanda ta auri a watan Oktoba na wannan shekarar. Suna da 'ya'ya shida: Joel (an haife shi a shekara ta 1952), Micha (an haifee a shekara ta 1954), Ditza (an haifi shi a shekara de 1957), Hephzibah (an haifu shi a shekara a shekara ta 1960), Benzion (an haifa a shekara ta 1963) da Pnina (an haif.[1]

Moshe Shalvi ya mutu a ranar 6 ga Yulin 2013.  Alice Shalvi ta mutu a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 2023, tana da shekaru 96. 

## Ayyukan ilimi da na jama'a
Shalvi ya jagoranci sassan wallafe-wallafen Ingilishi a Yaƙi'ar Ibrananci ta Urushalima da Jami'ar Ben-Gurion ta Negev . Ita ce ta kafa Pelech, makarantar gwaji ga 'yan mata masu addini waɗanda ba su koyar da Talmud ba  (1975-1990), da kuma ƙungiyar Ohalim na ƙungiyoyin maƙwabta (1973-1979); ita ma ta kasance darakta mai kafa (daga baya shugabar) na Cibiyar Mata ta Isra'ila (1984-2000). A wannan matsayi, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu ba da shawara ga mata a Isra'ila, suna haɓaka shirin da ke rufe yawancin nau'ikan nuna bambanci da rashin amfani da mata ke fuskanta a cikin al'ummar Isra'ila. Wani muhimmin burin aikinta shine samun karɓar gudummawar mata na Isra'ila a duk sassan da kuma a duk matakan sojojin, tunda aikin soja yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwar tattalin arziki, siyasa, da zamantakewa ta Isra'ila. A cikin shekarun 1990s ta kafa Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya don 'Yancin Agunah. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Cibiyar Schechter na tsawon shekaru hudu. Shalvi ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin memba na kwamitin ba da shawara na Cibiyar Tunawa da Mata  A cikin 2018 ta wallafa wani labari mai taken Never A Native . 

## Kyaututtuka da karbuwa

* A shekara ta 1989, Shalvi ta sami lambar yabo ta Emil Grunzweig Human Rights Award, a matsayin wanda ya kafa Cibiyar Mata ta Isra'ila.
* A shekara ta 2000, Jami'ar Brown ta ba ta lambar yabo ta Doctor of Humane Letters . 
* A shekara ta 2007, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Isra'ila saboda nasarorin da ta samu a rayuwarta da kuma gudummawa ta musamman ga al'umma da Jihar Isra'ila.
* A shekara ta 2009, ta kasance mai karɓar (tare da Rabbi Arik Ascherman) na Kyautar Leibowitz, mai suna don tunawa da Yeshayahu Leibowitz wanda kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta Yesh Din ta gabatar don fafutukar jama'a a cikin ruhun koyarwar siyasa da falsafar Leibowitz.
* Shalvi ya kasance memba na kwamitin Cibiyar Nazarin Isra'ila / Falasdinu.
* A cikin 2017, an girmama ta da lambar yabo ta Sylvan Adams Nefesh B'Nefesh Bonei Zion Prize Lifetime Achievement Award . 
* A cikin 2018, an ba ta lambar yabo ta littafin Yahudawa ta kasa don Nazarin Mata don littafinta Never a Native . 

## Ayyukan da aka buga

* *Mata Yahudawa: Cikakken Tarihin Tarihi*
* *Nazarin harshen Ingilishi da adabi*, 1966
* Dangantakar ra'ayoyin Renaissance na girmamawa ga wasan kwaikwayo na Shakespeare, 1972
* Ba ɗan asalin ƙasar ba, 2018

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin masu karɓar kyautar Isra'ila
* Mata na Yahudawa
* Mata a Isra'ila

## Manazarta