open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Pierre-Aimé Millet

**Pierre-Aimé Millet de la Turtaudière** (1783 a Angers - 1873) masanin halitta ne na Faransa.

Ya kasance Sakatare Janar na Société d'Agriculture d'Angers.

## Ayyuka
Rashin jerin sunayen

* 1813: Mollusks na ƙasa da na ruwa, an lura da su a cikin Ma'aikatar Maine da Loire. shafi na i.xi [= 1-11], 1-82, 1 allon. Fushi.  (Pavie) 
* 1854 Palaeontologie de Maine et Loire: wanda ya haɗa da lura da kuma nunawa na tsarin geological daban-daban na sashen Maine da Loire, binciken duwatsu, ma'adanai da burbushin da suka shafi kowannensu Angers:Impr. na Cosnier da Lachèse Online a nan A kan layi a nan
* 1870. Faune des invertebrés de Maine et Loire wanda ya hada da sashi na biyu, na uku da na huɗu na mulkin dabbobi ko Sashe na biyu na Faune de Maine-et-Loire, Tome na farko. E. Barassé imp. -lib. , Angers: shafi na 371. 
* 1872. *Dabbobi marasa kafa na Maine da Loire*. Ɗaya daga cikin na biyu. [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] Angers, shafi na 394.

Dubi kuma jerin WorldCat a kan layi a nan

## Manazarta

* Anonymous, 1867 [Millet de Turtaudiere, P. A.] Annuaire Inst. *Tabbacin. , Paris* 9 (2) 524-531 bibliography
* [Hasiya] [Millet de Turtaudiere, P. A.] *Soc. [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] Maine da Loire, Angers* 30 1-6
* Constantin, R., 1992 Tunawa da Coléopteristes na Faransa. Bull. haɗin kai Assoc. Col. reg. Paris, Paris (Suppl. 14): 1-92 62 faranti
* [Mayi da aka yi amfani da shi a wannan talifin]  * (A. Fauvel), Caen*; Paris 2: 122 
* Gaedecke, R. da Groll, E. K. (Hrsg.): Biografien der Entomologen der Welt: Datenbank. Fassara ta 4.15: Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, 2010 http://www.sdei.de/biographies/
Mansing Rongpi

**Mansing Rongpi**  (an haife shi 7 ga Oktoba 1958) ɗan siyasan Majalisar Dokokin Indiya ne daga Assam.

An fara zabarsa a Majalisar Dokokin Assam a shekara ta 2006 daga Baithalangso a matsayin dan takara na Majalisar Dokokin Indiya, kuma an sake zabarsa ne a shekara ta 2011 da 2016. Daga baya a cikin 2016, bayan ya fice zuwa BJP ya sami nasarar riƙe kujerarsa a zaben da ya biyo baya. Rongpi bai tsaya takara a Zaben Majalisar Dokokin Assam na 2021 ba.

## Manazarta
Marcelo Birck

**Marcelo de Campos Velho Birck** (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 1965) mawaƙi ne kuma marubucin waƙoƙi na Brazil, mawaƙi, mai shirya waƙoƙoƙi da kuma guitarist, wanda aka fi sani da aikinsa tare da ƙungiyar mawaƙa mai tasiri Graforreia Xilarmônica . 

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Birck a Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, a ranar 13 ga watan Agusta, 1965. Shi dan dan uwan marubuci ne kuma darektan gidan wasan kwaikwayo Carlos Augusto de Campos Velho (wanda aka fi sani da Jota Pingo) da kuma fim da kuma dan wasan talabijin Paulo César Pereio,  kuma mahaifiyarsa, Rosa Maria de Campos velho, ita ce darektan Teatro de Arena de Porto Alegre. Da yake yana da sha'awar kiɗa da zane-zane tun yana saurayi, Birck daga baya ya kammala karatu a fannin kiɗa daga Jami'ar Tarayya ta Rio Grande do Sul, sannan ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin Ilimin kiɗa a Jami'ar Goiás ta Tarayya.

A shekarar 1983, tare da ƙaninsa Alexandre Birck, ɗan wasan guitar na gaba Luís "Tchê" Gomes da kuma ɗan wasan bass na Os Cascavelletes Frank Jorge, Marcelo ya kafa ƙungiyar Prisão de Ventre mai gajeren lokaci, wadda ta ɗauki tsawon shekaru biyu kacal.   A shekarar 1987, ya sake haɗuwa da ɗan'uwansa da Jorge don kafa ƙungiyar, tare da Carlo Pianta, ƙungiyar ƙungiyar asiri ta Graforreia Xilarmônica . Bayan fitar da kundin waƙoƙi guda biyu masu suna, *Coisa de Louco II* (1995) da *Chapinhas de Ouro* (1998), sun rabu a shekarar 2000, amma sun sake haɗuwa bayan hutun shekaru 5.

## Bayanan da aka yi

### Tare da Graforreia Xilarmônica

: *Don cikakken jerin, duba Graforreia Xilarmônica#Discography*

### Tare da Aristotle na Hananiya Jr.

### Tare da Os Atonais

### Kawai

### Bayyanar baƙi

; Jupiter Apple

* 1997:  (shirye-shiryen orchestral a cikin "Ni da Minha Ex") 
* 1999: Plastic Soda (gitar lantarki da shirye-shirye a cikin "The True Love of the Spider") 

; Rogério Skylab

* 2009: *Skylab IX* (kalmomin, ƙarin murya da guitar na lantarki a cikin "Samba de una Nota Só ao Contrário") 

## Manazarta
Isaac Rice (mai wasan ƙwallon ƙafa)

**Isaac Kaempfe Rice** (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 2000) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila da ya yi ritaya wanda ya yi wasa a matsayin mai tsaron gida. Yanzu shi ne mataimakin kocin ci gaban matasa a Lincoln City.

## Ayyuka
A ranar 19 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2018, Rice ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko tare da Sheffield Laraba. Rice ya fara bugawa Sheffield ranar Laraba a gasar cin Kofin FA 2-0 a kan Exeter City FC a ranar 9 ga watan Janairun 2021. A ranar 12 ga Mayu 2021, an ba da sanarwar cewa za a saki Rice a ƙarshen kwangilarsa.

A ranar 19 ga watan Agustan 2021, ya sanya hannu a Gainsborough Triniti bayan wani ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da Newark inda ya kuma bayyana a gasar cin Kofin FA.

## Kididdigar aiki

## Manazarta
Laura Lexx

**Laura Lexx** (an haife ta a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1986) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma marubuciya daga Somerset .

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
Laura Lexx ta girma ne a Taunton, inda mahaifiyarta ta kasance malamar makarantar firamare kafin ta yi ritaya a shekarar 2023. Ta halarci Makarantar Bishop Fox  kafin ta yi karatun wasan kwaikwayo a Jami'ar Kent daga 2005 zuwa 2009, ta kammala karatu tare da digiri na biyu. Lexx ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a lokacin da yake aiki a matsayin mai inganta injiniyar bincike kafin ya juya zuwa wasan kwaikwayo na cikakken lokaci a cikin 2015 . 

## Ayyuka
Laura ta yi *Tyrannosaurus Lexx* a bikin Edinburgh Festival Fringe a shekarar 2016 kuma ta kasance ta karshe a 2016 Amused Moose Comedy Awards. Bayanan Lexx ya tashi a cikin 2016 lokacin da ta yi watsi da wani mai lalata da mata ya zama sananne a kan layi. An zabi Lexx don Mafi Kyawun Compere a 2016  da 2017 Chortle Awards. Hotonta na Edinburgh na 2018, Trying, ya tattauna yunkurin da ta yi na fara iyali da kuma tasirin da ta samu a lafiyar hankalinta. Ta yi fatan cewa gaskiyarta za ta taimaka wajen kawar da zargi game da waɗannan batutuwan.

Laura ta lashe kyautar Best Performer a cikin Comedian's Choice Awards kuma ta kasance a saman 10 na Funniest Joke of the Fringe 2018. An canja wasan kwaikwayon daga bikin Edinburgh don samun nasara a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Soho na London. An kira wasan kwaikwayon Lexx na Edinburgh na 2019 *Knee Jerk* kuma ya shafi batutuwan siyasa da suka shafi sakamakon zaben raba gardama na 2016 na Tarayyar Turai ta Burtaniya. Lexx ya lashe lambar yabo ta Comedians' Choice a 2019 Chortle Awards.

Fitowarta a talabijin sun hada da Roast Battle,  Hypothetical, Live at the Apollo da Mock the Week.  Lexx ya sauka da yarjejeniyar littafi bayan jerin tweets a lokacin kullewar Cutar COVID-19 yana tunanin rayuwa tare da manajan Liverpool FC Jürgen Klopp ya fara yaduwa a kan layi, yana tara ra'ayoyi sama da miliyan 5.6. An fadada ra'ayin a cikin littafin Klopp Actually: (Imaginary) Life with Football's Most Sensible Heartthrob, wanda aka saki a cikin kaka 2020. Kamfanin, Two Roads, ya kuma sayi haƙƙin labarin na biyu, Pivot, wani labari game da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata, wanda suka saki a cikin 2022. Wannan ya haifar da bayyanar baƙi a kan The Football Ramble  da The *Anfield Wrap* podcasts .  Sauran bayyanar kwasfan fayiloli sun haɗa da  da Sarah Millican's Standard Issue podcast.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Lexx ta auri ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Tom Livingstone a Somerset a cikin 2015. Ta goyi bayan Green Party.

## Manazarta
Liquid Sex Decay

**Liquid Sex Decay** wani bangare ne na masana'antu da ke Charlotte, North Carolina . Duo ɗin ya samo asali ne daga David York (a matsayin D. York) da guitarist Scott Morgan (a matsayin Sid), waɗanda a baya suke cikin ƙungiyar Apparatus. Sun fara ne tare da cikakken kundin studio na Liquid Sex Decay a cikin 1997 kafin su rabu.

## Tarihi
Liquid Sex Decay an kafa ta ne daga mawaƙa Scott Morgan da David York daga ƙungiyar Apparatus, wanda ya rushe a cikin 1995. Kungiyar ta fitar da kundi na farko mai taken kanta a shekarar 1997 a kan MJ-12 Records kuma masu sukar sun dauki kundin a matsayin bin diddigin kai tsaye ga *[[Kayan aiki]]* 1995. Duo ɗin suna so su ci gaba da yin gwaji da haɗakar yanayi, fasaha, masana'antu da kiɗa na lantarki yayin da suke motsawa daga sauti mai rinjaye na guitar. Daga baya a wannan shekarar ƙungiyar ta fitar da murfin Angelo Badalamenti zuwa *[[Twin Peaks]]* a kan kundin masu fasaha daban-daban TV Terror: Felching a Dead Horse ta Re-Constriction Records.

## Bayanan da aka yi
**Kundin studio**

* *Rashin Rashin Jima'i* (1997, MJ-12) 

## Manazarta
Carl Carlton

**Carl Carlton** (Mayu 21, 1952 - Disamba 13, 2025) ya kasance dan Amurka ne na R&B, rai, kuma marubucin waƙoƙin funk, wanda aka fi sani da waƙoƙinsa "Everlasting Love" da "She's a Bad Mama Jama (She's Built, She's Stacked) ".
## Tarihi
An haifi Carlton a Detroit, Michigan, a ranar 21 ga Mayu, 1952.Ya fara aikinsa a tsakiyar shekarun 1960 a matsayin "Little" Carlton. Yana da dabarar tallace-tallace don samun dama a kan wasu kamanceceniya da Stevie Wonder, wanda ya rubuta a ƙarƙashin sunan "Little Stevie Wonder" a farkon shekarun 1960. Rubuce-rubucensa na farko sun kasance don Lando Records, wanda ya rubuta wasu ƙananan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin gida, ciki har da "Don't You Need a Boy Like Me". 

A shekara ta 1968, Don D. Robey ya sanya hannu kan Carlton zuwa lakabin Back Beat Record, wanda Robey ya fara a shekara ta 1957. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan sanya hannu tare da lakabin, Carlton ya koma Houston, Texas, don ya kasance kusa da sabon lakabinsa.
## Rayuwa da mutuwa daga baya
Carlton ya sha wahala daga rikitarwa na bugun jini a cikin 2019. Ya mutu a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 2025, yana da shekaru 73.
#### MANAZARTA
Ng proye Thị Khanh

**Ng proye Thị Khanh** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1976) masanin muhalli ne na Vietnam wanda shine babban darektan, kuma wanda ya kafa, Cibiyar Green Innovation and Development (GreenID) a Vietnam. Khanh  shi ne kuma mai kula da shawarwari na Vietnam Rivers Network (VRN).

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Khanh a shekara ta 1976 a Bắc Am, wani ƙauye a Lardin Bắc Giang .  Ta kammala karatu daga Cibiyar Harkokin Kasashen Duniya (Học cru Quan Quốcqin) a Hanoi . 

## Yunkurin kare muhalli
Tun daga shekara ta 2008, ta kasance mai kula da kokarin bayar da shawarwari na Vietnam Rivers Network (VRN), inda ta fara aiki kan iyakance gurɓataccen ruwa daga ayyukan hakar ma'adinai, sannan ta fadada girmamawa don hada da sauran hanyoyin gurɓata da manufofin makamashi na dabarun. A shekara ta 2011, ta kafa Cibiyar Innovation da Ci Gaban Green (GreenID), ƙungiyar kimiyya da fasaha wacce ke ƙwarewa wajen bincike da samar da mafita mai ɗorewa ga al'umma, kuma tana shiga cikin shawarwari da ba da shawarwari a fannonin tsara makamashi, makamashi mai sabuntawa, canjin yanayi, rage amfani da makamashi na burbushin halittu da samar da ruwa mai tsabta. Khanh ya kasance mai lura da Vietnam a Taron Canjin Yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 2015.

## Kamawa
A ranar 9 ga watan Fabrairun 2022, ofishin Tsaro na Jama'ar Vietnam a Hanoi ya yanke shawarar gurfanar da kuma kama Khanh saboda zargin kauce wa haraji a karkashin Mataki na 200 na Dokar Shari'a. Bayan shari'ar a Kotun Jama'ar Hanoi a ranar 17 ga Yuni, an yanke wa Khanh hukuncin shekaru biyu a kurkuku. Kafin a kama shi kuma a yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku, Khanh ya yi magana game da shirin fadada wutar lantarki a Vietnam. Shari'ar Khanh, kamar sauran masu gwagwarmayar yanayi, ta haifar da shakku game da jajircewar gwamnatin Firayim Minista Pham Minh Chinh na yanke amfani da kwal. Har ila yau, an kama ta da sauran masu fafutuka da kuma yin hadari don kawo cikas ga yarjejeniyar da aka yi niyyar sauya kasar ta tara mafi yawan masu amfani da kwal daga kwal.

### Halin da aka yi game da kama Khanh
A ranar 19 ga Yuni 2022, a wani taron manema labarai, mai magana da yawun Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka Ned Price ya fitar da wata sanarwa da ke kira ga sakin Khanh da sauran masu gwagwarmayar yanayi. A ranar 20 ga watan Yuni, Cibiyar Ayyukan Yanayi ta yi Allah wadai da hukuncin da aka yi wa Khanh a Vietnam, kuma ta yi kira da a saki ita da sauran masu fafutukar farar hula da gwamnatin Vietnam ta tsare. Michael Sutton, babban darakta na Goldman Environmental Prize, ya kira Vietnam don ta sake ta kuma ya bayyana cewa tuhumar da aka yi mata wani bangare ne na yunkurin rufe murkushe masu gwagwarmayar yanayi a Vietnam.

## Manazarta
Hikari Senju (mai bincike)

**Hikari Senju** ɗan kasuwa ne na Jafananci-Amurka, wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaba na kamfanin Omneky na wucin gadi (AI).  

## Tarihin rayuwa
Hikari Senju ya girma ne a Westchester, New York .  Mahaifinsa mai zane ne na *Nihonga* na Japan, Hiroshi Senju . Senju ya yi karatun kimiyyar kwamfuta tare da mai da hankali kan AI da ilmantarwa na inji a Jami'ar Harvard, inda ya sami digiri a shekarar 2015. A lokacin karatunsa, ya kuma yi rajista don darussan a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts (MIT).

Yayinda yake karatu a Harvard, Senju ya kafa fasahar fasahar ilimi Quickhelp, dandamali da aka tsara don samar da ayyukan koyarwa da ake buƙata. Yup.com daga baya ta sayi Quickhelp a cikin 2017, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Ci gaba har zuwa 2018. 

A cikin 2018, Senju ya kafa Omneky, dandalin AI mai samarwa wanda ke zaune a San Francisco, California.  Kamfanin yana amfani da ilmantarwa na inji da manyan samfuran harshe (LLMs) don samarwa da inganta kamfen ɗin talla.

A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2024, Kamfanin Kasuwanci na Duniya ya amince da Hikari Senju a matsayin daya daga cikin shugabannin kasuwanci masu hangen nesa da za a kalli a shekara ta 2024.

## Manazarta
Sunan farko: Carmen

***Sunan farko: ''Carmen**** (Faransanci: Prénom Carmen) fim ne na Faransa na 1983 wanda Jean-Luc Godard ya jagoranta. An samo asali ne daga wasan kwaikwayo na Bizet Carmen, Anne-Marie Miéville ce ta rubuta fim din kuma Alain Sarde ne ya samar da shi, da taurari Maruschka Detmers da Jacques Bonnaffé. Fim din ya lashe kyautar Zaki na Zinariya a bikin Fim na Duniya na Venice na 40 kuma yana da shigarwa 395,462 a Faransa.

== Makirci ==
Carmen, a cikin murya tare da harbe-harbe na birni da teku, ta gabatar da kanta a matsayin "yarinyar da bai kamata a kira Carmen ba. " A wani wuri wani kirtani na kirtani yana maimaita kirtani kirtani. Jeannot mai ban sha'awa (wanda Godard ya buga) yana zaune a cikin asibiti inda likita ya yi barazanar fitar da shi idan bai fara nuna alamun rashin lafiya na gaske ba. Carmen ta zo ziyarce shi, kuma an bayyana cewa shi mai yin fim ne kuma kawunta mai lalata. Bayan samun kawunta Jeannot ya ba ta rancen gidansa na bakin teku, Carmen da wasu sun yi ƙoƙari su yi fashi da banki.

A lokacin rikice-rikice na fashi, Carmen ta fuskanci Joseph, mai tsaron banki mara kyau, kuma nan da nan su biyu sun fada cikin soyayya. Kwararrun kirtani suna ci gaba da maimaitawa, suna canza yanayin fashi, da kuma akasin haka. Haɗin labarin shine cewa ɗaya daga cikin membobin ƙungiyar shine Claire, wanda aka kafa a baya a cikin fim ɗin a matsayin mai sha'awar soyayya ga Joseph.

Carmen da Joseph sun koma gidan Uncle Jeannot, inda Carmen ta tuna da haɗuwa da dangi tun tana yarinya. Carmen ta gaya wa Joseph, ta nakalto daga *Carmen Jones'': "idan ina son ka, wannan shine ƙarshen ku. "An kama Joseph kuma an gurfanar da shi a gaban shari'a, kuma Carmen ta tsere tare da Fred, shugaban ƙungiyarta. A cikin flashback, Carmen ta bayyana wa Joseph cewa an yi fashi ne don tallafawa wani babban aikin, satar "babban masana'anta" ko 'yarsa, tare da fim din karya wanda Uncle Jeannot ya jagoranta don samar da murfin, makircin da John Dillinger ya yi. An wanke Joseph tare da taimakon mai kare jama'a da goyon bayan halin kirki na Claire.

## Masu ba da labari

* Maruschka Detmers a matsayin Carmen X
* Jacques Bonnaffé a matsayin Joseph Bonnaffed
* Myriem Roussel a matsayin Claire
*   a matsayin mai dafa abinci
* Hippolyte Girardot a matsayin Fred

Isabelle Adjani da farko an jefa ta a cikin rawar da take takawa, amma ta bar saitin bayan 'yan kwanaki na yin fim don kasancewa tare da mahaifinta mai mutuwa. Shirin Alain Sarde ne wanda ya kawo Maruschka Detmers, yarinya 'yar shekara 20 mai shekaru, ga hankalin Godard, kawai daga cikin aji na wasan kwaikwayo kuma ba tare da wani kwarewar fim a bayanta ba. Godard ta yarda, ta shawo kan duka ta hanyar cikakkiyar nau'in jiki don ba da rai ga Carmen mai sha'awa da baƙin ciki, da kuma sauƙin da ta fuskanta, a lokacin sauraro, yanayin tsirara a gaban namiji.

## Manazarta
A padlas

***A padlas*** ( [ɒ ˈpɒdlaːʃ]; Turanci: The ) kiɗa ne na Hungary tare da kiɗa ta Gábor Presser da kalmomin Dusán Sztevanovity . Har ila yau, wasan kwaikwayon ya ƙunshi ƙarin rubutu na Péter Horváth. An fara shi ne a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Comedy, Budapest a ranar 29 ga watan Janairun 1988, wanda László Marton ya jagoranta. Baya ga ci gaba da samun nasara a can, an kuma yi shi a wasu gidajen wasan kwaikwayo na Hungary da yawa, da kuma wasu ƙasashe. Wasan kwaikwayon ya ba da labarin fashi, na matasa biyu da ke soyayya, da kuma fatalwowi huɗu da ke neman sauran duniya.

## Tarihi
Gábor Presser da Dusán Stevanovity sun rubuta *A padlás* a lokacin bazara na 1986 a gidansu na hutu da ke Zsennye . Sun je can ne don rubuta sabbin waƙoƙi don shirin talabijin na yara da kuma sabon kundin waƙoƙin ɗan'uwan Sztevanovity, Zorán Sztevanovity, waɗanda ba a gama su ba a lokacin. Daga baya Presser ya yi iƙirarin cewa an rubuta rawar Rádiós ne da farko don Attila Kaszás .  Yayin da suke aiki a kan waƙar, mahaifiyar Zsuzsa Radnóti (wadda ta taimaka musu) sau da yawa tana dafa musu Plum Dumplings na Hungary ( Hung : szilvás gombóc), wanda ya zama tushen rubuta ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun waƙoƙin waƙar, *Szilvásgombóc* .  Karatun ya kasance a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba 1987.  Daraktan shine László Marton wanda ya yi aiki tare da marubutan biyu. Péter Horváth, wanda aka haɗa a cikin samarwa bisa shawarar Marton, ya taimaka wajen samar da sassan prosaic. 

## Bayani game da shi

### Ayyuka na I
Wasan ya fara ne da isowar fatalwowi huɗu (Kölyök [yaro], Meglökő [mai kisa kurma], Herceg [sarki], Lámpás [wani karami]) zuwa ɗakin. Lámpás ya yi shakkar idan shi ne wurin da Révész, mai jirgin ruwa ya kamata ya isa ya kawo su ga tauraron "kyakkyawan har abada", amma Herceg ya tabbata cewa yana da gaskiya (Itt Jenin [Nyitány]) [A nan Muna (Overture) ]. Sun yi ƙoƙari su kira Révész sau biyu (Ég és föld között) [Tsakanin Duniya da Sama]. Yayinda Lámpás da Herceg ke jayayya, Meglökő ya lura da Barrabás yana zuwa daga ƙofar dormer tare da agogo. Sun yi tunanin cewa shi Révész ne, amma nan da nan suka fahimci cewa ba su da kyau saboda ba zai iya ganinsu kuma sun san cewa shi ɗan fashi ne da ake nema.

### Ayyuka na II
A farkon Dokar II, zaku iya jin sanarwar 'yan sanda: akwai minti goma da ya rage kafin su mamaye ɗakin. Süni ya yi ƙoƙari ya ja hankalin Rádiós ba tare da nasara ba (Nem полеnak a csillagok) [Stars Are Silent]. Rádiós ya fahimci cewa tashar antenna ba ta yi daidai ba amma lokacin da ya yi ƙoƙari ya hau rufin, 'yan sanda sun fara harbi. Süni ya bar ɗakin. Fantasma da Révész sun zo da ra'ayin kawo Rádiós tare da su zuwa duniyar da ta gabata. Rádiós ya ki tayin saboda aikinsa da mafarkai a nan a Duniya (Fényév kuwidaya).

## Manazarta
John Arnup

**John Douglas Arnup**, OC (Mayu 24, 1911 - Oktoba 5, 2005) ya kasance Alƙali ne na Kanada a Kotun daukaka kara ta Ontario, wanda aka fi sani da ya fara taimakon shari'a na duniya a Ontario .

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haife shi a Toronto, Ontario, ɗan Jesse H. Arnup (1881-1965), ministan Methodist wanda ya kasance Moderator na United Church of Canada daga 1945 zuwa 1946, da kuma Ella Maud Leeson (1883-1966). Ya halarci Cibiyar Kwalejin Oakwood a Toronto, sannan ya sami digiri na farko na Arts daga Kwalejin Victoria a Jami'ar Toronto a 1932. Ya sami digiri na farko na shari'a daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Osgoode Hall a 1935. An kira shi zuwa kotun Ontario a 1935.

## Ayyuka
An kira Arnup mai ba da shawara ga Sarki a cikin 1950 kuma ya yi aiki tare da Mason, Foulds, Davidson, Carter & Kellock (yanzu WeirFoulds LLP). Ya zama daya daga cikin manyan masu gabatar da kara a kotunan Ontario, kuma an nada shi mai ba da shawara ga Sarki a shekarar 1950. A shekara ta 1968 ya sami gagarumin nasara a kan wani sanannen mai shari'a, John Robinette, a cikin shari'ar Texas Gulf Sulphur ta tsawon shekaru hudu, a lokacin shari'ar farar hula mafi tsawo a tarihin shari'ar Kanada. Bertha Wilson, daga baya alƙali na Kotun Koli ta Kanada, ta bayyana shi a matsayin "mafi kyawun lauyoyin Ontario guda biyu da ke fuskantar juna a ƙarƙashin ido mai zurfi na alƙalin da ya fi dacewa, " George Alexander Gale . 

A shekara ta 1949 Arnup ya taka rawar gani wajen sake tsara ilimin shari'a a Ontario a shekara ta 1949, kuma ya kasance bencher (memba na kwamitin) na Law Society of Upper Canada daga 1951 zuwa 1970. A matsayinsa na mai ba da kuɗi (shugaban) na ƙungiyar lauyoyi 1964-66, ya jagoranci ci gaban shirin farko na Ontario na taimakon shari'a da aka biya kuma ya sauƙaƙa ƙaurawar Osgoode Hall Law School daga Law Society zuwa Jami'ar York. 

A cikin 1970 Mai Shari'a Gale, a lokacin Babban Mai Shari'ar Ontario, yana neman karfafa Kotun daukaka kara ta Ontario ta hanyar daukar manyan masu ba da shawara, farawa da Arnup. "Idan zan iya samun ka, zan iya samun kowa," Gale ya gaya wa Arnup, kuma Arnup ya yarda da alƙawari. Har zuwa lokacin da ya yi ritaya a shekarar 1985, ya kasance wani ɓangare na abin da ya girma ya zama ɗayan kotunan daukaka kara mafi daraja a Kanada.

A shekara ta 1988, an buga littafinsa Middleton: The Beloved Judge, tarihin tsohon alƙali na Kotun Koli na Ontario William Middleton.

A shekara ta 1989, an sanya shi Jami'in Order of Canada "saboda gudummawar da ya bayar ga Ikilisiyarsa, ga ilimin shari'a a Lardin Ontario da kuma aikinsa a ci gaban Osgoode Hall Law School".

**Mutuwa**

Arnup ya mutu a ranar 5 ga Oktoba, 2005, a Toronto Kanada . Yana da rashin lafiya tun ranar 1 ga Oktoba. Yana da shekara 94.

## Manazarta
Eddie Murphy Delirious

Eddie Murphy Delirious ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na musamman na gidan talabijin na Amurka wanda Bruce Gowers ya jagoranta, wanda Eddie Murphy ya rubuta kuma ya fito da shi. Shirin ya zama na TV na Musamman ga HBO a ranar 15 ga Oktoba, 1983. Minti 70 na musamman shine fasalin farko na Murphy kuma wanda ya riga ya fito da wasan kwaikwayo a 1987, *Eddie Murphy Raw* . An kuma saki Delirious a matsayin kundi a ranar 24 ga Oktoba, 1983, mai taken Eddie Murphy: Comedian, wanda ya lashe kyautar Comedy mafi kyau a Grammy Awards ta 1984.

## Bayani na gaba ɗaya
Ba kamar ayyukansa a ranar Asabar Night Live ba, aikin Murphy ya kasance mai laushi sosai, yana cewa kalmar *fuck* sau 230, kuma *shit* sau 171. An yi rikodin wasan kwaikwayon a DAR Constitution Hall a Washington, DC a ranar 17-18, 1983.

Kafin wasan kwaikwayon ya fara, The BusBoys sun yi " (The Boys Are) Back in Town" a kan wani hoton da ya gabata na Murphy yana tafiya  da ma'aikatansa. Bayan wannan ya ƙare, an gabatar da Murphy, godiya ga BusBoys don aikin buɗewa, kuma ya fara nasa.

Daga cikin batutuwan da Murphy ke magana da su shine abin da motocin ice cream ke da shi a kan yara. Da zarar an sayi ice cream, za su raira waƙa da rawa a gaban yara waɗanda ba za su iya saya ba. Kalmomin "The Ice Cream Man is coming!" daga wannan ɓangaren rapper Raekwon ne ya samo asali a cikin 1995 guda "Ice Cream". Sauran batutuwan da yake magana a kai su ne jam'iyyun iyali (wasan kwaikwayo na cookout wanda ke nuna wani ɗan adam mai kama da ɗan adam ga surukinsa da kawunsa wanda ke kunna dukan bayan gida a cikin ƙoƙari na yin aiki da grill) horo na iyaye (mahaifiyarsa masu jefa takalma), Michael Jackson, James Brown, Stevie Wonder, wariyar launin fata, Reaganomics, 'Yan luwadi (ciki har da aikin da ke nuna "The Honeymooners" Ralph Kramden da Ed Norton a matsayin masoya mata iri ɗaya), Cutar kanjamau, da Marian Anderson. Bayan aikinsa na yau da kullun, bidiyon ya ƙare tare da Murphy da ma'aikatansa suna tafiya zuwa ɗakinsa yayin da ƙididdigar ke gudana.

## Karɓar baƙi
Wannan na musamman ya sami bita mai kyau kuma 'yan wasan kwaikwayo sun ambaci shi a matsayin aiki mai mahimmanci. Shafin yanar gizon Rotten Tomatoes ya ba shi amincewar kashi 83% bisa ga sake dubawa 6, tare da matsakaicin darajar 7.5/10. Koyaya, an soki shi saboda kasancewa mai adawa da ɗan luwaɗi.

"Lokacin da na yi Delirious," Murphy ya yi tunani a shekarar 1989, "Na sami duk wannan flak saboda kayan da na yi sun yi ƙazanta. Gaskiya ita ce, ba ta da wani wuri kamar yadda ake yi a yanzu. Ina jin kamar tsohuwar mutumin da ke kallon Sam Kinison ko Andrew Dice Clay."

## Manazarta
Yunkurin muhalli a Ostiraliya

Farawa a matsayin motsi na kiyayewa, motsi na muhalli a Ostiraliya shine na farko a duniya don zama motsi na siyasa. Ostiraliya ita ce gida ga United Tasmania Group, jam'iyyar kore ta farko a duniya.

Ƙungiyoyin muhalli suna wakiltar ƙungiyoyi masu yawa a wasu lokuta ana kiransu ƙungiyoyin da ba na gwamnati ba (NGOs). Wadannan suna wanzu a kan ma'auni na gida, na ƙasa, da na duniya. Kungiyoyin kare muhalli sun bambanta sosai a cikin ra'ayoyin siyasa da kuma adadin da suke neman rinjayar Manufofin muhalli a Ostiraliya da sauran wurare. Yunkurin muhalli a yau ya kunshi manyan kungiyoyin kasa da kuma kananan kungiyoyi masu yawa da ke da damuwa a cikin gida. Har ila yau, akwai Ƙungiyoyin kula da ƙasa 5,000 a cikin jihohi shida da yankuna biyu. Sauran Batutuwan muhalli a cikin iyakar motsi sun haɗa da kariya ta gandun daji, Canjin yanayi da adawa da ayyukan nukiliya.

## Matsayin motsi
A matakin siyasa, kungiyar da ta fi tasiri ita ce Australian Greens . A cikin 'yan shekarun nan Greens a wasu lokuta sun riƙe ma'auni na iko a Majalisar Dattijan Australiya. Yankunan da suka fi mayar da hankali sune Landcare, kiyayewa a Ostiraliya, makamashi mai tsabta da kuma yunkurin yaki da nukiliya na Ostiraliya. Kungiyoyin muhalli mafi girma kuma masu tasiri da aiki a Ostiraliya sune Asusun Kula da namun daji na Duniya, The Wilderness Society, Greenpeace, da Gidauniyar Kula da Muhalli ta Australia. Tare da zanga-zangar jama'a, an sanya haramcin kungiyoyin kwadago kan fitar da uranium da ayyukan rushewa da aka gudanar a tashar jiragen ruwa da sauran wurare. Har ila yau, akwai adadi mai yawa na ƙananan ƙungiyoyin kiyayewa da bayar da shawarwari. Kungiyoyi da yawa suna da hannu a cikin sayen aiki don kiyayewa a matsayin amintattu ko alkawura masu zaman kansu don kare ƙasa mai kula da muhalli daga amfani mara kyau. Mafi girma daga cikin wadannan, dangane da jimlar yankin ƙasa, shine Bush Heritage Australia .

## Tarihi
Mutanen Turai na farko na Ostiraliya ba su da wata damuwa game da yanayin nahiyar kuma farkon mayar da hankali shine amfani da albarkatun da yawa da kuma canza yanayin zuwa yanayin da ba shi da ƙiyayya da kuma yanayin Turai don sa mazauna su ji daɗi a gida.

### Masana ilimin halitta na farko
Masana ilimin halitta na farko sun isa Ostiraliya da wuri. Joseph Banks, masanin ilimin shuke-shuke da masanin halitta, ya kasance memba na Tafiyar farko ta James Cook da First Fleet .

Duk da wasu muhimman abubuwan da masu binciken shuke-shuke kamar Joseph Maiden suka gano ba shekaru da yawa ba kuma tare da saurin lalacewar mazaunin asali da haɓaka fahimtar yanayin asalin da kungiyoyin farko da aka shirya suka fara samarwa. An kafa kungiyar Field Naturalists Club of Victoria a cikin 1880, jim kadan bayan haka ne New South Wales Naturalists Club da Field Naturalists Society of South Australia suka biyo baya. An kafa irin wannan kungiya a Tasmania a cikin 1904.

### Gidan shakatawa na farko na kasa
Tunanin kiyaye ƙasa ya fara ne a 1879, lokacin da aka ayyana Royal National Park a Sydney. A baya ya kasance wurin shakatawa; duk da haka, ya bi jagorancin Yellowstone National Park a Amurka a matsayin wurin shakatawa.

## Manazarta
Druanne White

**Druanne Dykes White** (an haife ta a shekara ta ) lauya ce ta Amurka da ke zaune a Kudancin Carolina. Ta kasance mai gabatar da kara a jihar sama da shekaru 11, sannan aka zabe ta zuwa wa'adin shekaru hudu a matsayin lauya na goma na shari'a, tana aiki daga 2000 zuwa 2004. Tun daga wannan lokacin ta koma aiki mai zaman kanta.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
White ta sami digiri na farko a Jami'ar Furman, kuma ta sami digiri a Jami'an Kudancin Carolina School of Law .

## Ayyuka
Bayan makarantar lauya, White ya yi aiki a cikin Marines Corps na Amurka a matsayin Alkalin Babban Lauyan Janar na 'yan shekaru. An hayar ta a matsayin mai gabatar da kara na jihar, tana aiki a wannan mukamin sama da shekaru 11. A shekara ta 1999, an zabe ta a matsayin lauya (kimanin Lauyan gundumar) na Gundumar Shari'a ta goma, inda ta yi aiki na shekaru hudu (2000-2004).

A lokacin da take mai gabatar da kara, White ta zama daya daga cikin manyan masana kan shari'ar kisan kai a Amurka. An gayyace ta don yin shaida a matsayin gwani mai shaida ga kwamitin shari'a na Majalisar Dattijan Amurka a ranar 10 ga Yuni, 2002. Ta ba da shaida a cikin al'amarin "Rage Hadarin Kashewa da Mai Laifi: Rahoton Hukumar Gwamnan Illinois kan Hukuncin Kashewa", tare da wasu masana a fagen, gami da marubucin Scott Turow, Donald Hubert, da Farfesa Larry Marshall (Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Arewa maso Yamma).

## Lauyan Tsaro
Bayan da ta rasa takarar sake zaben a matsayin mai ba da shawara na goma ga mai kalubalantar Chrissy Adams, White ta bude aikinta na lauya. A matsayinta na lauya mai karewa, White ta taimaka wajen samun 'yanci a cikin shari'o'i biyu na mata da ake zargi da kisan kai, suna jayayya da cewa suna aiki ne don kare kansu.

### Afrilu McCullough
An tuhumi McCullough da harbi da kashe saurayinta mai shekaru 32, Scotty Fowler, a watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2005. Ta yi iƙirarin cewa yana da tarihin aikata ta'addanci a cikin gida. Kotun ta wanke McCullough, ta gamsu da gardamar White cewa Fowler ta yi wa abokin ciniki cin zarafinta kuma McCullough ya kashe shi don kare kansa.h

## Manazarta
Nick Reynoldson

**Nick Reynoldson** Mai wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma marubuci na Kanada. 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Reynoldson Mai wasan kwaikwayo ne wanda aka haife shi kuma ya girma a Scarborough, Ontario . 

Mujallar Exclaim ta kira shi "wani abu ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Toronto" a lokacin da yake New-Faces Showcase a JFL 42.  Batutuwan wasan kwaikwayo na Reynoldson sun haɗa da asalin launin fata, soyayya, dabbobi da rayuwar ruwa.

Reynoldson ya fara ne da wasan kwaikwayo a lokacin makarantar sakandare, bayan an ba shi CD na Def Comedy Jam.

## Ayyuka
A Arewacin Amurka, Reynoldson ya yi a kwalejoji, kungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo, da jami'o'i kuma an nuna shi a talabijin na kasa ciki har da Just For Laughs Festival,  Kevin Hart's LOL Network, JFL42 New-Faces, Winnipeg Comedy Festival, NXNE, da sauransu.

Bayan yawon shakatawa a Kungiyar Ayyukan Campus ta Kanada a cikin 2013, an zabi Reynoldson a matsayin COCA Comedian of the Year.

A lokacin rani na shekara ta 2016, Reynoldson ya lashe gasar cin kofin shekara-shekara ta Absolute Comedy mai suna Prove You're a Headliner .  Reynoldson ya sanya na farko daga cikin masu hamayya tara ta hanyar kuri'un masu sauraro don wasanni 11 a jere. A shekara mai zuwa, Reynoldson ya yi fim kuma ya fara wasan kwaikwayo na Amurka a kan Kevin Hart's Laugh Out Loud Network, cibiyar sadarwar bidiyo mai ban dariya daga mai wasan kwaikwayo Kevin Hart da Lionsgate Films.

## Sauran Kasuwanci
Reynoldson yana ba da gudummawa ga kwasfan fayiloli na kwando na mako-mako (lokacin da yake cikin kakar) Talking Raptors  a kan SoundCloud, ESPN's Raptors Republic, da Spotify tare da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma magoya bayan Toronto Raptors Barry Taylor.

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada
* Rubuce-rubucen Comedy

## Manazarta
Nazarin dorewa

**Nazarin dorewa** wani fanni ne na ilimi daban-daban wanda ke nazarin ƙa'idodi da ayyukan dorewa da ci gaba mai ɗorewa. Manhajar karatu galibi tana haɗa yanayin ƙasa, noma, manufofin muhalli, ɗabi'a, muhalli, gine-ginen shimfidar wuri, tsare-tsaren birane da yankuna, tattalin arziki, kula da albarkatun ƙasa, zamantakewa, da ilimin ɗan adam. 

Jami'o'i da yawa suna ba da shirye-shiryen digiri a cikin karatun dorewa don shirya masu digiri don matsayi a cikin kula da muhalli, ci gaban manufofi, da ayyukan kasuwanci masu ɗorewa.

## Tarihi

### Asalin nazarin dorewa
Ka'idodin dorewa na farko sun fito ne don mayar da martani ga yawan amfani da albarkatu a lokacin juyin juya halin masana'antu, lokacin da ba a tsara hakar kwal, mai, da baƙin ƙarfe ba ya haifar da lalacewar muhalli. Kungiyoyin kiyayewa irin su National Audubon Society (wanda aka kafa a 1886) da Sierra Club (wanda aka gina a 1892) suna da niyyar kare namun daji da wuraren daji, kuma Dokar Lacey ta 1900 ta zama dokar kare namun daji ta farko a Amurka.

A farkon karni na ashirin, masu ba da shawara ciki har da Gene Stratton-Porter sun inganta adanawa, kuma ci gaban kimiyya na George Washington Carver da Marie Curie sun rinjayi ayyukan da suka dace a aikin gona da makamashi. Shugaba Theodore Roosevelt ya kafa wuraren shakatawa da wuraren ajiya da yawa, yana kare sama da kadada miliyan 230 da kuma wayar da kan jama'a game da kiyayewa.

### Ci gaban filin
Taron Duniya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 1992 a Rio ya haifar da Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Majalisar Dinkinobho kan Canjin Yanayi, wanda ya sanar da manufofin rage fitarwa na Kyoto na 1997. Duk da yake Amurka ba ta tabbatar da Kyoto ba kuma wasu kasashe sun kasa cika alkawura, waɗannan yarjejeniyoyin sun kafa tsarin hadin gwiwar duniya. A cikin 2015, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da manufofi goma sha bakwai na ci gaba mai ɗorewa tare da manufofinai don 2030.

Masu bincike a ƙarshen ƙarni na ashirin da farkon ƙarni na ɗari ɗaya sun ba da shawarar cewa kimantawa na ɗorewa ya haɗa da tattalin arziki, muhalli, zamantakewa, da girman ma'aikata; la'akari da hangen nesa na dogon lokaci da kariya; shiga masu ruwa da tsaki; kuma magance daidaito tsakanin tsararraki.

## Manazarta
Muhalli na New Zealand

**yanayin [[New Zealand]]** yana da alamun tsire-tsire da Dabbobi waɗanda suka samo asali ne daga sauran duniya. Manyan tsibirai na New Zealand sun mamaye halittu guda biyu, masu matsakaici da masu zafi, masu rikitarwa da manyan tsaunuka sama da layin bishiyoyi. Har ila yau, akwai ƙananan tsibirai da yawa waɗanda suka kai ga subantarctic. Tsarin yanayi na yau da kullun yana kawo ruwan sama mai yawa a yammacin kasar. Ruwa na yankin New Zealand ya rufe yanki mafi girma fiye da ƙasarsa kuma ya shimfiɗa a kan shelf na nahiyar da kuma tsaunuka masu zurfi a Kudancin Tekun Pacific, Tekun Tasman da Tekun Kudancin.

## Yanayi na zahiri

### Rashin jituwa na halitta

New Zealand tana da rikice-rikice na halitta da yawa ga mahallinta wanda nau'o'in da ke cikin yankin suka samo asali don jurewa. Wadannan sun hada da abubuwan da suka faru a cikin gida tare da gajeren lokacin dawowa kamar rushewar ƙasa, ambaliyar ruwa, el nino da gobara (da wuya kafin isowar mutane).  Abubuwan da suka faru na dogon lokaci kamar manyan fashewa da mafi girman glacial sun kuma shafi rarraba nau'in jinsuna a New Zealand.

### Ƙasa
Ƙasa ta New Zealand tana shafar dutse, yanayi, ciyayi da lokacin da ya ci gaba, A tsakiyar tsibirin Arewa duwatsun dutsen dutsen dutse na felsic ba su da abubuwa (kamar cobalt) da shuke-shuke ke buƙata,  yayin da duwatsun ultramafic masu ban sha'awa na tsibirin Kudancin suna da wadata sosai a cikin abubuwan da ake buƙata ana amfani da su azaman taki.  Yanayin zafi na Arewacin Arewa Arewa ya fi sauri yana haifar da ƙasa mai zurfi. A cikin Fiordland da irin wannan yanayin da ke da ruwa mai tsawo ya rage lokacin da aka kafa ƙasa.

### Yanayi
Babban yanayin ƙasa da ke tasiri ga yanayin New Zealand shine latitude mai matsakaici, tare da iskõki na yamma; yanayin teku; da duwatsu, musamman Kudancin Alps. Yanayi sun bambanta sosai a fadin yankuna daga matsanancin rigar a Yammacin Yamma Tsibirin Kudancin zuwa kusan tsaka-tsaki a Otago" id="mwVw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Central Otago">Tsakiyar Otago da Mackenzie Basin na cikin Canterbury da subtropical a Northland. Mafi girma da mafi ƙarancin tarihi sune  ° C (108.32 ° F) a Rangiora, Canterbury da -25.6 ° C (-14.08 ° F) A Ranfurly, Otago.

## Tsarin halittu da muhalli

### dazuzzuka

Gidajen daji na New Zealand (ko "bishi") an raba su zuwa gandun daji na matsakaici (broadleaf) da gandun daji, an gabatar da gandun dajin pine kuma sun rufe babban ɓangare na ƙasar. Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsalle na asali suna da matukar wuya, tare da nau'o'i 11 kawai da suka rasa dukkan ganye a cikin hunturu, babu wani daga cikinsu da ke samar da bishiyoyi na yau da kullun. dazuzzukan beech sun fi yawa a cikin tsaunuka masu tsawo da yanayin sanyi, yayin da gandun daji masu matsakaici suka mamaye wasu wurare. Gidajen da ke da matsakaici suna da bambancin halittu mafi girma a wani bangare a cikin rufin da tsire-tsire. Ya zama ruwan dare ga gandun daji na New Zealand a matsayin gandun daji musamman a Yankunan ruwan sama na yamma.

## Manazarta
Philip Williamson (masanin tarihi)

**Philip Williamson** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1953) masanin tarihin Burtaniya ne. 

Williamson ya girma a Leicestershire, kuma ya halarci Makarantar Bosworth da Kwalejin Al'umma (tsohon Makarantar Dixie Grammar) a Desford .  Ya yi karatun tarihi a Peterhouse, Cambridge, a karkashin Maurice Cowling, kuma an dauke shi daya daga cikin mambobin Makarantar tarihi ta Peterhouse. Yanzu shi ne farfesa mai daraja na tarihin Burtaniya na zamani a Jami'ar Durham.

## Ayyuka

### Mawallafin

* *Rikicin Kasa da Gwamnatin Kasa. Siyasa ta Burtaniya, Tattalin Arziki da Daular 1926-1932* (Cambridge University Press, 1992).
* *Stanley Baldwin. Jagoranci na Conservative da Darajar Kasa* (Cambridge University Press, 1999).

### Edita

* Sabuntawa na Siyasa mai ra'ayin mazan jiya. The Diaries and Letters of William Bridgeman 1904-1935 (The Historians' Press, 1988).
* (tare da Edward Baldwin), Baldwin Papers . Wani dan majalisa mai ra'ayin mazan jiya 1908-1947 (Cambridge University Press, 2004).
* (tare da Natalie Mears, Alasdair Raffe & Stephen Taylor), *Addu'o'in Kasa: Bauta ta Musamman tun lokacin Juyin Juya Halin . * Volume 1: Addu'o'i na Musamman, Fasts da Godiya a cikin Tsibirin Burtaniya, 1533-1688 (Church of England Record Society, 2013).
* (tare da Alasdair Raffe, Stephen Taylor & Natalie Mears), *Addu'o'in Kasa: Bauta ta Musamman tun lokacin Juyin Juya Halin . * Volume 2: Janar Fasts, Godiya da Addu'o'i na Musamman a cikin Tsibirin Burtaniya, 1689-1870 (Church of England Record Society, 2017).
Tarin Baƙi 1983-1995

Immortal Collection 1983-1995 wani kundi ne na tarawa ta Signal Aout 42, wanda aka saki a 1995 ta hanyar Out of Line . 

## Karɓar baƙi
Aiding & Abetting ya ba da shawarar tarihin ga masu sauraron The Sisters of Mercy kuma ya ce "Tarin tarin fasaha mai zurfi" kuma "tare da bayyane goth overtones da aka haɗu da wani nau'i mai zurfi na techno (kamar FLA mai saurin ji a wasu lokuta), Signal Aout 42 ya fi kyau lokacin da yake mai da hankali kan kiɗa kuma ba ya fitar da murya.  Wani mai sukar a maɓallin jariri ya yaba da kundin kuma ya ce ya fi dacewa da kayan da yawa don kiyayewa da yawa don yin amfani da shi "yawar murya".
 

## Ma'aikata
An daidaita shi daga Immortal Collection 1983-1995 liner notes.

**Alamar Agusta 42**

* Bruno Van Garsse - mai gabatarwa&nbsp;mai samarwa
* Jacky Meurisse - samar da zartarwa, rikodin&nbsp;
* Michel Nachtergaele - mai gabatarwa&nbsp;

* M.D.D.V. - zane&nbsp;

## Tarihin saki

## Manazarta
William Sharington

**Sir William Sharington** (an haife shi a kusa da shekara ta 1495, ya mutu kafin 6 ga Yulin 1553) ɗan ƙasar Ingila ne kuma ɗan kasuwa, ɗan majalisa ne a lokacin Henry na takwas, maigidan da kuma mai cin hanci da rashawa na Bristol Mint, memba na majalisa, Mai makirci, kuma Babban Sheriff na Wiltshire .

## Rayuwa ta farko
Sharington shi ne ɗan fari na Thomas Sharington, wani mutumin Cranworth a Norfolk, da matarsa Katherine, 'yar kuma magajiyar William Pyrton na Little Bentley, Essex .  A Farko rayuwarsa, an san Sharington da ziyartar Italiya, a lokacin da ya ci gaba da sha'awar fasaha. Mahaifin Sharington ya bar shi gidan Swathing a Fransham a cikin Launditch ɗari na Norfolk ta hanyar wasiyya mai kwanan wata 15 Oktoba 1519, kuma Sharington ya sayar da shi a cikin 1532. Gidan ya zo ga kakan Sharington Henry Sharington, wanda yake mai kula da Bishop na Ely, lokacin da ya auri Elizabeth, 'yar kuma magajiyar Edmund de Swathing . 

## Ayyuka
Ayyukan farko na Sharington ba su da tabbas. Ya auri Ursula, 'yar John Bourchier, Lord Berners, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Kasuwanci, kuma abokin Sharington ne. A shekara ta 1538, ya kasance a cikin hidimar Sir Francis Bryan, wanda soja ne kuma jami'in diflomasiyya, don haka ya zama abokin Thomas Seymour, wanda shi ma yake cikin hidimar Bryan. Seymour na ɗaya daga cikin 'yan uwan Jane Seymour, wanda a cikin 1536 ya zama sarauniya ta uku ta Sarki Henry na takwas. A shekara ta 1539, an nada Sharington a matsayin shafi na rigunan sarki, kuma a shekara ta 1540 an inganta shi zuwa Groom of the Robes . Sarkin ya amince da shi, kuma a cikin 1541 an sanya shi shafi na ɗakin sirri kuma a cikin 542 ango na ɗakin. Har ila yau, a cikin 1542, an nada shi mai kula da Castle Rising, a cikin gidansa na Norfolk. A shekara ta 1544, ya shiga gidan Sarauniya Catherine Parr . 

   A shekara ta 1540, bayan rushewar masallatai, Sharington ya biya £ 783 don Lacock Abbey a Wiltshire, nan da nan ya fara canza shi zuwa gidan masu zaman kansu, inda ya nuna kyakkyawan dandano. Ya riƙe yawancin masana'antar gidan na zamani, ya kara da hasumiya mai hawa uku, tsaunuka masu tsayi na Renaissance, da kuma farfajiyar mai ɗorewa, yayin da yake rushe coci. Hutton, a cikin Highways da Byways a Wiltshire, ya yi sharhi:

## manazarta
Shigar da Dan Adam

Penetrate the Satanic Citizen wani kundin tarin Leæther Strip ne wanda Re-Constriction Records ya fitar a watan Oktoba 1992. Tare da Fit for Flogging, kundin ya kunshi mafi yawan sakonnin Leæther Strip kafin Solitary Confinement.

 

## Ma'aikata
An daidaita shi daga Penetrate the Satanic Citizen liner notes.

* Claus Larsen - jagorar murya, shirye-shirye, samarwa, gauraya&nbsp;

## Tarihin saki

## Manazarta
Peter Skinner

**Peter William Skinner** (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Yuni 1959 a Oxford) tsohon dan siyasa ne na Jam'iyyar Labour Party na Burtaniya. Ya kasance memba na Majalisar Tarayyar Turai (MEP) daga 1994 har zuwa 2014, na farko ga mazabar Kent West daga 1994 zuwa 1999, sannan daga 1999 ga Kudu maso Gabashin Ingila, bayan sake fasalin a Zaben Turai ya haifar da mazabar mambobi da yawa bisa ga yankunan Burtaniya. A ranar 31 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2016, an same Skinner da laifin cin hanci da rashawa yayin da yake dan majalisa,  kuma daga baya aka daure shi na tsawon shekaru 4. 

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Peter Skinner a Oxford a ranar 1 ga Yuni 1959. Ya yi karatu a makarantar sakandare ta zamani ta St. Josephs RC a Orpington, Kent, ya halarci Jami'ar Bradford tsakanin 1979 da 1982 inda ya sami BSc a Tattalin Arziki da Siyasa. Tsakanin 1986-7 ya gudanar da karatun digiri na biyu a fannin alakar masana'antu a Jami'ar Warwick, kuma a 1991 ya kammala digiri na biyu na digiri a fannin ilimi a Jami'an Coventry . Skinner ya kuma sami ƙwarewar ƙwararru a cikin Gudanarwa daga Jami'ar Greenwich . 

## Ayyukan sana'a
Skinner ya kasance mai ba da shawara ga manema labarai kuma daga baya malami ne a fannin Tattalin Arziki da Kasuwanci a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Arewa maso Yammacin Kent da Jami'ar Greenwich kafin a zabe shi a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai.

## memba na Majalisar Tarayyar Turai
A shekara ta 1994, an zabi Skinner a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai a matsayin memba na Majalisar Tarayyaa (MEP) na Kent West, mazabar siyasa a cikin Ingila. A shekara ta 1999, an sake zabarsa a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai, a matsayin dan majalisa na Yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Ingila.  An sake zabarsa a shekara ta 2004 da 2009, kafin ya tsaya a Zaben Majalisar Tarayyar Turai na 2014. Anneliese Dodds ne ya gaje shi.

## Kudin zamba da hukunci
A shekara ta 2015, an tuhumi Skinner da: laifuka biyu na yin kayan aiki na ƙarya; laifuka ɗaya na zamba; da kuma laifuka guda ɗaya na lissafin ƙarya tsakanin 2004 da 2009. A cikin shari'arsa ta gaba a Kotun Crown ta Kuduwark, juriya ta ji cewa ya yi ikirarin kusan £ 100,000 don ma'aikatan tallafi a cikin shekaru biyar. A cikin shaidar, an yi zargin cewa Skinner ya biya £ 10,000 a wata ga matarsa daga Disamba 2007 har zuwa Yuli 2009, wanda ya ba shi damar neman tallafin sakatare ko na majalisa. An kuma yi zargin cewa ya kirkiro wasika ta karya, don biyan £ 5000 don aikin da mahaifinsa ya gudanar. A cikin kare kansa, Skinner ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya rikice game da dokoki, kuma ya zargi rashin bayanan da Majalisar Tarayyar Turai ta ba shi. A ranar 31 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2016, an sami Skinner da laifi na: ƙididdigar yin kayan aiki na ƙarya; ƙididdigari ɗaya na zamba; da ƙididdigare ɗaya na lissafin ƙarya. An yi gargadi cewa zai fuskanci hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku, a ranar 29 ga Afrilu 2016 an daure shi na tsawon shekaru 4.

## Manazarta
Ernies

**Ernies** sun kasance ƙungiyar rock / punk ta Amurka daga Richmond, Virginia .  Sun fito da kundi biyu a kan lakabi mai zaman kansa kafin su sanya hannu ga Mojo Records kuma su saki kundi na uku mai suna *Meson Ray* .

## Tarihi
An kafa Ernies a cikin 1994  ta dalibai huɗu na Jami'ar Commonwealth ta Virginia: Will Hummel, Tom Martin, Matt Goves, da Hayes Smith . Hayes ya fi dacewa da ilimin kiɗa, koyon saxophone da bassoon, kuma Matt ya fi dacewa a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na kiɗa, yana mai da hankali kan murya. Will ya yi karatun Turanci, kuma Masu zamani na farkon karni na 20 sun rinjaye shi musamman.

Ernies sun fitar da kundi na farko mai taken kansu a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 1995. Wannan kundin ya ƙunshi ɓangaren ƙaho guda uku wanda ya ƙunshi Steve Bider a kan saxophone, Stefan Demetriadis a kan trombone, da Hayes Smith a kan saxófon baritone. A shekara ta 1995, bassist Mike Hughes ya shiga ƙungiyar.

### Mojo Records da baya
Chris Bondi ya shiga ƙungiyar a cikin 1997, yana wasa da masu juyawa da theremin. Yayinda yake wasa a Los Angeles yayin yawon shakatawa a fadin Amurka, wani mai gudanarwa ya gano Ernies kuma ya sanya hannu ga Mojo Records. An saki *Meson Ray* a kan Mojo Records a ranar 20 ga Afrilu, 1999. Tare da trombonist Stefan Demetriadis ba ya cikin ƙungiyar, ɓangaren ƙaho kawai da ya rage don wannan fitowar shine Hayes Smith a kan saxophones iri-iri.

Wani remix na waƙar "Motivate" ya bayyana a lokacin wani yanayi a cikin fim din BASEketball . Wannan sigar waƙar ta kuma bayyana a kan sauti na BASEketball, wanda Mojo Records ya fitar.

Waƙar "Here and Now" ta fito a cikin wasan bidiyo *[[Tony Hawk's Pro Skater|na Tony Hawk's Pro Skater]]* a shekarar 1999,    kuma an nuna ta a tallace-tallace daban-daban na talabijin, ciki har da tallan shirin talabijin na Amurka ** ,  shirin talabijin na Australiya *[[Dangerous (TV series)|mai hatsari]]* ,  da kuma tirelar fim ɗin *[[Cowboy Bebop: The Movie|Cowboy Bebop: Fim ɗin]]* (Knockin' on Heaven's Door) na Amurka a shekara ta 2003.  Sony kuma ta yi amfani da waƙar don tallace-tallace da yawa a cikin shago da DVD suna tallata Blu-ray.

## Mambobin ƙungiyar

### Layin karshe

* Will Hummel - murya, guitar (1994-2001, 2013) 
* Matt Goves - drums (1994-2001, 2013) 
* Hayes Smith - saxophone, muryoyin goyon baya (1994-2001, 2013) 
* Mike Hughes - guitar (1995-1996) bass, murya (1996-2001, 2013) 
* Chris Bondi - masu juyawa, theremin (1997-2001, 2013) (ya mutu 2020)

### Tsoffin mambobin

* Stefan Demetriadis - trombone (1994-1999) 
* Steve Bider (1994-1995) 
* Brian Knight
* Damian Holton
* Dave Warren
* Tom Hummel
* Tom Martin (1994-1996) 
* Jeff Fuquay
* Jimmy McAvoy
* Heath ya ɓace
* Derek Dorsey

## Bayanan da aka yi

### Albums

## Manazarta