Sinima a Aljeriya

**Cinema na Aljeriya** na nufin masana'antar fina-finai da ke zaune a ƙasar Aljeriya ta arewacin Afirka.

## Zamanin mulkin mallaka
A lokacin mulkin mallaka na Faransa, fina -finai galibi kayan aikin furofaganda ne ga mulkin mallaka na Faransa.  Kodayake an yi fim a Aljeriya kuma yawan jama'ar yankin na kallo, mafi yawan fina -finan "Aljeriya" a wannan zamanin Turawa ne suka ƙirƙiro su.

Fina-finan farfagandar mulkin mallaka da kansu suna nuna hoto mara kyau na rayuwar makiyaya a cikin mazaunin, galibi suna mai da hankali kan wani ɓangare na al'adun cikin gida wanda gwamnatin ta nemi canzawa, kamar auren mata fiye da ɗaya. Misali irin wannan fim shine Albert Durec na 1928 *Le Désir* .

Shahararren fim ɗin Faransa da aka shirya ko aka shirya a Aljeriya sau da yawa yana maimaita yawancin wasannin da aka saba da su a cikin fina-finan da gwamnati ke tallafawa. Misali, L'Atlantide sanannen sanannen fim ne na 1921 na Faransanci-Belgium wanda aka yi fim a cikin tsaunukan Aurès, Djidjelli, da kuma birnin Algiers a cikin abin da ake kira Aljeriya ta Faransa.  Ko da yake ba a bayyane yake game da Aljeriya ba, fim ɗin (da kansa ya dogara da sanannen littafin) yana nuna jami'an Faransa na Ƙasashen waje guda biyu da kuma soyayyar su da sarauniyar banza ta masarautar Sahara. Ɗaya daga cikin fina-finan farko da suka shiga tare da kasancewar Faransanci a Arewacin Afirka, fim ɗin ya jaddada ba kawai soyayya da ban mamaki na harkar ba, har ma da damuwar Turawa game da rawar da suke takawa a Afirka da yuwuwar haɗarin haɗarin hulɗa tsakanin ƙabilu.  Sauran fina -finai masu irin wannan jigo sun biyo baya, ciki har da *Le Bled* (1929), *Le Grand Jeu* (1934), da *La Bandera* (1935).

An mamaye ikon Turai na hanyoyin samar da fina-finai a farkon zamanin Yaƙin Aljeriya, lokacin da wasu 'yan kishin ƙasa na Aljeriya daga National Liberation Army (ALN) suka sami kayan aikin yin fim na asali waɗanda suka yi amfani da su don ƙirƙirar gajerun shirye-shirye guda huɗu. An duba waɗannan fina -finan ta hanyar tsarin ba da gudunmawa ga masu kallo a cikin al'ummomin gurguzu masu tausayawa. Abubuwan da ke cikin su sun goyi bayan tawayen kishin ƙasa da ke ƙaruwa, gami da wurin asibitocin ALN da harin Mujahideen kan ma'adanai na Société de l'Ouenza na Faransa .

## Shigowar Sinimar Aljeriya a Shekarun 1960 da 1970
Aljeriya ta zama ƙasa mai cin gashin kanta a cikin 1962, batun da ya jawo hankali sosai tsakanin shirye-shiryen fim ɗin Aljeriya na shekarun 1960 da 1970.

Fim ɗin lokacin mulkin mallaka na Mohammed Lakhdar-Hamina *a shekarar 1967 The Winds of the Aures yana* nuna dangin manoma na karkara waɗanda mulkin mallaka da yaƙi suka lalata rayuwarsu. Makircin ya nuna mummunan halin da uwa ta bar gidanta a tsaunukan Aurès na gabashin Aljeriya don neman ɗanta, ɗan kishin ƙasa wanda ya bi sawun mahaifinsa amma sojojin Faransa suka kama shi. A alamance, fim ɗin yana amfani da dangi don wakiltar ƙaddarar al'umma: matalauta, amfani, amma fafutukar samun 'yanci.  Fim ɗin ya sami lambar yabo a bikin Fim ɗin Cannes na 1967 don Mafi Kyawun Aiki. 

A wajen Aljeriya, ɗayan shahararrun fina-finan wannan zamanin shine Yaƙin Algiers (1966), fim ɗin Aljeriya da Italiya wanda ya sami naɗin Oscar uku.

Sauran misalan silima na Aljeriya daga wannan zamanin sun haɗa da *Patrol a Gabas* (1972) ta *Amar Laskri*, *Yankin da aka haramta* (1972) na *Ahmed Lallem*, *Opium da Stick* (1970) na Ahmed Rachedi, Palme d'Or-winner *Chronicle of the Shekaru na Wuta* (1975) na Mohammed Lakhdar -Hamina, da Costa Gavras ' Oscar -winning *Z.* Wani sanannen shirin fim na Faransa da Aljeriya game da abin da ya biyo bayan yaƙin shine 1963 Peuple en marche .

Tare da kawar da mulkin mallaka da Yaƙin Aljeriya, halin da matasa na birane ke ciki shine wani jigon na kowa. Misali ɗaya na wannan taken shine *Omar Gatlato na* Merzak Allouache .

Wasu taurarin wasan barkwanci ma sun fito, ciki har da mashahurin *Rouiched*, tauraron *Hassan Terro* ko *Hassan Taxi*. Bugu da ƙari, Hadj Abderrahmane - wanda aka fi sani da suna na *Insifekta Tahar* - ya fito a cikin wasan *barkwanci na 1973 The Holiday of The Inspector Tahar* wanda Musa Haddad ya jagoranta. Shahararren wasan barkwanci na wannan lokacin shine *Carnaval fi dechra* wanda Mohamed Oukassi ya jagoranta, da fara Athmane Ariouet .

## Finafinan zamani, 1980 zuwa yanzu
Finafinan zamani a Aljeriya ya faɗi ƙasa a tsakiyar shekarun 1980, kuma manyan abubuwan samarwa sun zama ba safai ba. Wasu danganta wannan gaskiyar ga rashin son jihar ta tallafa wa fim ɗin Aljeriya. An sami nasarori kaɗan, ciki har da wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo na Mohamed Oukassi *na Carnival fi Dachra na 1994*, wanda aka yi fim da Maghrebi Larabci da bin labarin wani mutum wanda ya yi takarar magajin garin ƙauyensa (ko "dachra") kawai don ya yaudare shi da iko da neman zama shugaban kasar Aljeriya. Daraktan Daraktan Merzak Allouache *Athmane Aliouet* da " Salut Cousin! " (1996) wasu misalai biyu ne na wasan barkwanci na Aljeriya da aka samar a wannan zamanin.

Wasu nuna fim ɗin Aljeriya na zamani don kasancewa cikin yanayin sake ginawa. Yanayin kwanan nan ya kasance karuwar silima na Faransanci, sabanin fina -finai da Larabci na Aljeriya . Wasu danganta wannan ga kasuwar Faransanci wanda ke ƙarfafawa ta hanyar haɓaka ƙaura zuwa Faransa a cikin shekarun 1990. Misali, abubuwan da Franco-Aljeriya ke samarwa kamar Rachid Bouchareb a *wajen Dokar* sun gamu da gagarumar nasara (da jayayya).

Cikakken rahoton ƙididdiga kan masana'antar sinima a Aljeriya, wanda Euromed Audiovisual da European Oviservatory Observatory suka shirya a gidan yanar gizon Observatory anan 

## Manazarta