open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Shaidan

**Ekwensu** Ma'abocin yaudara ne na kabilar Ibo,ruhin rudani, wanda ke aiki a matsayin Alusi (allah) na ciniki da kunkuru. Crafty a ciniki da tattaunawa.Ana kiran sa sau da yawa don jagora a cikin yanayi mai wuyar gaske.Ana ganinsa a matsayin ruhun tashin hankali da ke ingiza mutane su yi ayyukan tashin hankali. Abokin sa shine Ogbunabali.

Duk da fassarori na zamani,ba a fara ɗaukar Ekwensu a matsayin shaidan ba. Da tashin Kiristanci,’yan mishan da suka zo wakiltar Shaiɗan a matsayin Shaiɗan suka maye gurbin abubuwan da suka fi alheri na allahntaka. Turawa sun rinjayi imaninsu na nagarta da mugunta don su shawo kan Igbo cewa Shaiɗan kamar Shaiɗan ne. Burin tasirin Turawa shi ne su yi wa kabilar Ibo mulkin mallaka cikin sauki,abin da ya tilasta musu su ji tsoron wani abu. Asali,Ekwensu ya kasance ana girmama shi sosai a matsayin daya daga cikin abubuwan bautar wata na alheri.

Igbo ba su yarda da Allah ko Iblis ba,ko sama ko jahannama,ko aljanu ko mala’iku domin ba su da ra’ayi na rarraba tsakanin rundunonin nagarta da muguntaIbo na gargajiya ba sa tunanin Shaidan a matsayin karfin da ke adawa da sauran halittu.Don haka,Ekwensu wata halitta ce da galibi ake danganta ta da muguwar dabi’a amma ba muguwar ɗabi’a irin ta Shaiɗan ba.Sun yi imani da ruhohi waɗanda yanayinsu mai kyau ne ko mara kyau amma suna da abin da ’yan Adam suka sani a matsayin lahira.

Shi ne gwajin gwajin Chukwu,tare da Ani the earth goddess,da Igwe,allahn sama,sune Arusi uku mafi girma na tsohuwar kabilar Ibo.

## Duba kuma
Ogbunabali

**Ogbunabali** (Igbo&#x27; [Ya] yana kashe dare &#x27; ) shine allahn mutuwa na al'adar Igbo. Ana ɗaukar sunansa a matsayin bayanin ainihin halinsa yayin da aka ce yana kashe waɗanda aka kashe a cikin dare,waɗannan yawanci masu laifi ne ko waɗanda suka aikata haramun da ba za a iya faɗi ba.
Ichi (scarification)

**Ichi** ya kasance tabon fuska da akasarin mazan kabilar Igbo na Najeriya ke sawa.Tabo ya nuna cewa mai sawa ya wuce ta farkon farawa a cikin al'ummar *Nze na Ozo*,don haka alamar mai sawa a matsayin daukaka.Ana samun maganganun wannan al'adar a cikin kalmar **Ichie** ta zamani,wacce ke nuni da memba na wani aji na manyan sarakuna a cikin Igbo.

## Tarihi
An gano tabon ne a tsakanin maza a yankin Awka-Nri da kuma tsakanin wasu mata kalilan a yankin Awgwu da Nkanu.An ba masu saye da izinin yin aikin tsarkakewa na ƙazanta da ba da laƙabi ga mutane. Ana ɗaukar mutanen da ke da alamar fuska a matsayin mazan Nri kuma ba a cika ɗaukar su a matsayin bayi ba.Watakila wasu sassan kasar Igbo sun fara sanya Ichi a sakamakon haka.Akwai salo guda biyu;Salon Nri da ake sawa a yankunan Awka-Nri,da salon Agbaja da ake sawa a yankunan Awgwu da Nkanu. A cikin salon Nri,layin da aka sassaƙa yana gudana daga tsakiyar goshi har zuwa ƙwanƙwasa.Layi na biyu ya bi ta fuskar,daga kuncin dama zuwa hagu.An maimaita wannan don samun tsarin da ake nufi don yin koyi da hasken rana. A cikin salon Agbaja,ana ƙara da'irori da nau'ikan madauwari zuwa farkon ƙaƙa don wakiltar wata. An ba wa wakilan *eze* Nri waɗannan tabo;*mbùríchi*. Tabarbarewar ita ce hanyar Nris na girmama rana da suke bautawa kuma wani nau'i ne na tsarkakewa.

## Duba kuma

* Alamar kabilar Yarbawa

## Nassoshi
Sangare

**Sangaré** sunan mahaifi ne na asalin Fula kuma ya na iya koma wa zuwa:

* Abdoulahy Sangaré (an haife shi a shekara ta 1984) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Mauritius
* Badra Ali Sangaré (an haife shi a shekara ta 1986) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ivory Coast
* Djoumin Sangaré (an haife shi a shekara ta 1983) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Faransa
* Drissa Sangaré (an haife shi a shekara ta 1987) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Mali
* Ibrahim Sangaré (an haife shi a shekara ta 1997) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ivory Coast
* Justin Sangaré (an haife shi a shekara ta 1998), ɗan wasan Rugby League na Faransa
* Mamadi Sangare (an haife shi a shekara ta 1982) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Gini
* Mamadou Blaise Sangaré (an haife shi a shekara ta 1954), ɗan siyasan ƙasar Mali
* Nazim Sangaré (an haife shi a shekara ta 1994) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Turkiyya
* Omar Sangare (an haife shi a shekara ta 1970), ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ɗan ƙasar Poland ne
* Oumou Sangaré (an haife shi a shekara ta 1968), mawaki ɗan ƙasar Mali
* Sékou Sangaré (an haife shi a shekara ta 1974) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Mali
* Tiémoko Sangaré, ɗan siyasan Mali
Chukwu

**Chukwu** (pronunciation) shine mafi girman ruhin Igbo.A cikin harshen Igbo,Chukwu ne tushen dukkan sauran gumakan Igbo kuma shi ne ke da alhakin ba su ayyukansu daban-daban.Mutanen Igbo sun yi imanin cewa duk wani abu ya fito ne daga Chukwu,wanda ke kawo ruwan sama da ake bukata don tsiro ya girma kuma yake sarrafa komai a duniya da kuma duniyar ruhaniya.Sun yi imanin cewa Chukwu ya kasance abin bautar da ba za a iya bayyana shi ba kuma shi ne babban abin bautawa a ko'ina wanda ke tattare da komai na sararin samaniya da kuma sararin samaniya kansa.

Nazarin harshe ya nuna cewa sunan "Chukwu" wani hoto ne na kalmomin Igbo "chi" ("halitta na ruhaniya") da "ukwu" ("mai girma a girman").

## Tunanin Chukwu
A cewar 'yan kabilar Ibo,wadanda su ne mafi rinjaye a yankin kudu maso gabashin Najeriya a yau,Chineke shi ne mahaliccin duniya da duk wani abu mai kyau da ke cikinta tare da ruwan sama,bishiyoyi,da sauran tsire-tsire.Chukwu babban abin bautawa ne da rana ke wakilta. Tsohon allahntaka ba ya zama ɗan adam a cikin imani al'adar Igbo.

Yawancin Kiristocin Ibo suna kiran Allah Kirista da Chukwu. Chukwu (Chu-kwu) yayi kama da "Maɗaukaki" da "Maɗaukaki" maimakon suna kamar " Allah " wanda asalinsa na Jamusanci,yawanci yana nufin gunki a zamanin Kiristanci.Igbo sun yi imanin cewa ba zai yuwu ba dan Adam su yi tunanin girman Chukwu marar iyaka.Yawancin yarukan Igbo suna komawa ga Ubangiji da lakabi kamar "Chukwu" (Chi Ukwu), "Chineke" (Chi Na Eke),"Chukwu Okike" (Chi Ukwu Okike),"Chiokike" (Chi Okike),"Chuku" ( Chi Uku),"Ebili Ukpabi" (Ebili nu Ukpabi),da "Obasi" (Obi Alusi).

Akwai bangarori shida na Chukwu:

# Chukwu – karfi na farko da wanzuwar dukkan halittu.
# Anyanwu -ma'anar alamar rana.Rana ta bayyana komai don haka Chukwu ne tushen ilimi kuma marubucin dukkan ilimi.
# Ala–haihuwar duniya,mutanentada duniyar ruhi mai cike da alloli.
# AmadiohaAmadioh-mai kawo adalci,soyayya, zaman lafiya,da haɗin kai,kuma mahaliccin ɗan adam.
# Chi–ƙaramin allahntaka mai aiki azaman jagora na sirri,jagora na ruhaniya.
# Okike-mahaliccin dokokin da ke tafiyar da bayyane da ganuwa.

## Duba kuma

* Chukwu (sunan mahaifi)
* Ibo loa
* Al'adun Igbo
Quetta

Gari ne da yake a karkashin yankin jahar Balochistan dake a kasar Pakistan. Garin na Quetta yana daya saga cikin manyan biranen jahar ta Baluchistan.

## Manazarta
Adeyemi I Alowolodu

**Adeyemi I** ne na karshe mai cin gashin kansaEmpire .Ya yi mulki daga 1876 zuwa 1905. Tun daga shekara ta 1888 ya kasance ƙarƙashin ikon Birtaniyya tare da 'yancin kai a fili ya ƙare a 1896.Ya kasance Alaafin a tsawon shekaru 16 yakin basasar Yarabawa wanda ya gudana daga 1877-1893.

## Manazarta
Yakin Ogbomosho

**Yakin Ogbomosho** yaki ne tsakanin Masarautar Ilorin ta Daular Sakkwato da Daular Oyo ta Yarbawa a zamanin Ogele.An ba da labarin wannan yaƙin,kuma ƙwararren masanin tarihin Yarbawa,Samuel Johnson ne ya rubuta a cikin littafin The History of the Yorubas.

## Fage
Mummunan karshen Afonja Kakanfo a hannun Jama’arsa ya dade yana jiran wasu mutane masu tunani da suka yi watsi da bayanansu,kuma sun yi hasashen mafi muni ga al’umma a lokacin da bayi suka zama mallake.Mutuwar Kakanfo ta ba wa al’umma mamaki da dimuwa ta yadda mutane suka kwashe tsawon shekara guda ana dawo da su cikin hayyacinsu.Ganin yadda imanin al'ummar kasa ke rawar jiki a cikin ma'auni,sai dukkan jama'a suka hada kai don daukar fansa a kan mutuwar Afonja,yayin da a halin yanzu,Fulani maƙarƙashiya ke ƙarfafa kansu don yin rikici.Ya yi karatun Yarabawa kuma ya san yadda zai bi su. Toyeje Baale na Ogbomosho kuma kwamandan hakkin marigayi Kakanfo,ya samu mukamin Kakanfo kuma al’ummar kasa baki daya sun hada kai a matsayinsa na korar Fulani daga Ilorin.Sun yada zango ne a wani wuri da ake kira Ogele,inda dokin fulani ya same su da taimakon wani babban sarkin musulmin Yarbawa mai suna Solagberu na Oke Suna.Wani mummunan kuskuren na Solagberu.An gwabza fada mai cike da rudani inda Fulani suka ci nasara.Sun fatattaki Yarabawa tare da bin diddigin nasarar da suka samu,wanda ya haifar da ficewa ko lalata manyan garuruwan lardin Ibolo. Garuruwan da suka rage a wannan bangaren sune Ofa,Igbomina,Ilemona,Erin da wasu ‘yan kadan.’Yan gudun hijirar ba za su iya daukar irin wannan illar tasu kawai ba wadda za a iya kwacewa a cikin gaggawar jirgi,yayin da dokin Fulani ya rika shawagi a bayansu.Sun sami mafaka na ɗan lokaci a kowane birni mai katanga inda wani sarki mai ƙarfi ya kasance a wurin,wataƙila,yana jiran wani maharan ya kewaye shi.Ba za a iya kwatanta baƙin cikin da bala'in ya haifar ba.An bar tsofaffin da ba za a iya ɗaukar su ba sun lalace.Makoki na baƙin ciki na iyayen da suka rasa ƴaƴan su da dubunnan zawarawa da marayu abin baƙin ciki ne. Rashin komai, ba tare da kuɗi ko wani abu da za a iya canza shi zuwa kuɗi a cikin irin wannan gaggawa da gaggawa ba,sun kasance cikin kunci da talauci a tsakanin baƙi kuma suna iya tallafawa rayuwa kawai ta hanyar yin aiki maras kyau ta hanyar sayen itace ko ganye na sayarwa da makamantansu.
Ofinran

**Ofi random** wani sarki ne a karni na 16 na Daular Oyo a yammacin Afirka  wanda ya gaji Onigbogi a matsayin Alaafin bayan da ya tafi gudun hijira a Borgu tare da wasu 'yan kabilar Yarbawa daga Oyo.Daga nan ne aka nada Ofinran sarki a wata kasa kuma ya hada baki da rundunarsa wajen zagayawa kogin Neja kuma al’ummomin biyu sun kasance tare.

Sai dai kuma kyautatawar da aka yi wa Oyos a Borgu bai dade ba.Nan da nan aka fara tashin hankali,Ofinran da mutanensa suka yanke shawarar tafiya wani gari mai suna Kusu.A cikin rashin sa'ar da aka kore su daga gidajensu na asali,ƙila sun yi imani cewa matsalarsu ta samo asali ne saboda rashin jin daɗin da suke da shi a asali ga gunkin Ifá.

Yayin da a Kusu suka rungumi allantakar Ifá kuma suka yi kira ga wani mutum mai suna Alado da ya qaddamar da Alafin da mutanensa domin ya kawar da duk wata iska mai nasaba da rashin amincewarsu ta asali da Ifá. Har ila yau,a cewar tatsuniya ta Oyo,a cikin wannan lokaci ne aka yi bukukuwan Egungun a kasar Yarbawa.An yi zaton Limamin Egungun ya bi Yarbawa daga Borgu zuwa Kusu.

Daga baya Ofinran ya rasu kuma aka binne shi a wani fada da ke Saki.

## Nassoshi
Asibitin Koyarwa na Jami'ar Olabisi Onabanjo

**Asibitin Koyarwa na Jami'ar Olabisi Onabanjo** (OOUTH), (wanda ake kira da, Asibitin Koyarwa na Jami'ar Jihar Ogun (OSUTH), yana cikin Sagamu, Jihar Ogun, Kudu maso Yammacin Najeriya. An kafa asibitin koyarwa ne a shekarar 1986 da manufar koyar da ɗaliban likitanci daga jami’ar Olabisi Onabanjo da kuma samar da ayyukan kiwon lafiya ga ƴan asalin jihar Ogun da Najeriya baki ɗaya.

## Tarihi

An kafa OOUTH a ranar 1 ga watan Janairu, 1986, tare da haɗin gwiwar Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiyar Kwalejin Obafemi Awolowo don ba da horon likitanci ga ɗaliban da ke karantar aikin likitancin a Jami'ar Olabisi Onabanjo. Asibitin koyarwa ya kasance a tsohon asibitin jihar, Sagamu, jihar Ogun, Najeriya. Babban Daraktan kula da lafiya (CMD) na asibitin shi ne Farfesa. AAO Laditan. Majalisar gudanarwar da gwamnatin jihar ta naɗa ne ke kula da asibitin. Ya zuwa shekarar 2016, shugaban majalisar gudanarwar shine Farfesa Emmanuel O. Otolorin.

## Nassoshi
Muhammad Ashfaq

**Muhammad Ashfaq** (11 ga Nuwamba, 1946 - Yuli 3, 2005) ɗan wasan hockey ne na ƙasar Pakistan. Ya lashe kyautar lambar zinare a Gasar *Olympics* ta bazara ta 1968 a birnin Mexico. 

## Mutuwa
Ya mutu a ranar 3 ga watan Yuli 2005 a Rawalpindi, Pakistan, kuma an binne shi a maƙabartar Alif Shah, (maƙabartar gida).

## Nassoshi

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Ashfaq Ahmed at Olympedia
Alfa Apalara

**Alfa Bisiriyu Apalara** (1918-1953) wani malamin addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma ɗan ƙabilar Yarbawa daga Legas.

A farkon shekarun 1950, ya gudanar da jerin gwanon yaƙi da Dawah a Ebute Metta da Mushin tare da jigo daya na yin magana a kan kungiyoyin kabilar Yarbawa na gargajiya irin su Oro da Egungun da jawo ƙarin mabiya addinin gargajiya na Afirka zuwa Musulunci.  An kashe shi a ranar 3 ga watan Janairu, 1953 kuma har ya zuwa yau ba'a samu gawarsa ba.

## Rayuwa
An haifi Apalara a garin Itoko dake wajen garin Abeokuta, ya yi karatun Al-Qur'ani da karatun firamare kafin ya tafi Legas aikin kafinta.  A Legas, ya zauna a Mushin, unguwar da ta yi ƙaurin suna a matsayin gidan barayin titi. Yayin da yake zaune a Mushin, Apalara ya shiga cikin taskun al'amuran rayuwa a cikin unguwar.  A cikin 1945, an ɗaure shi a kan zargin sata. A shekara ta 1950, Apalara, ya fara addu'a akai-akai da azumi. Ya juya baya ga abin da ya wuce, shima ya saki matarsa don ya cire duk wani abu da ya shafi abin da ya gabata a Mushin.

A shekara ta 1950, Apalara ya ƙaddamar da yaƙin neman zaɓe. Galibi ana gudanar da yaƙin neman zaɓen ne a Ebute Metta da Mushin, yawanci a kan titi ko a mahadar tituna biyu ko uku. Apalara ya kasance ƙwararren mai wa'azi kuma ba da daɗewa ba ya tara mabiya da yawa, yawancinsu mata ne. Wa'azinsa ya mayar da hankali ne kan yin Allah wadai da ayyukan rashin adalci, da musulmi masu sanyi da kuma kungiyoyin asiri na gargajiya. Ya samu karramawa a wajen wasu daga cikin al'ummar musulmi, kuma ya samu rawani a matsayin babban mai wa'azin wani masallaci a kasar. Ya kuma kasance mai tsana sosai a cikin wa'azin da ya ke yi na yakar ƙungiyoyin asiri.

A shekarar 1951, ya fara samun saɓani da ƴan ƙungiyar asiri da masallatai a Mushin. An dauki ‘yan mintoci kadan ana takun-saka da ƴan ƙungiyar asiri da masallatan sun ja da baya. A cikin 1952, irin wannan yanayin ya faru wanda ya haifar da rikici tsakanin ƙungiyar masquerade da magoya bayan Apalara.  Bayan haka, ya sha samun barazana ga rayuwarsa akai-akai.

## Mutuwa
A watan Janairu, 1953, an gayyaci Apalara ya zo ya yi wa’azi a Oko Baba, wata unguwar da ke Ebute Metta, kuma (wurin) tungar ‘yan daba ne. Apalara ya ɗauki barazanar da ake yi wa rayuwarsa da muhimmanci kuma ya biya kudin hidimar wani dan sanda a yakin sa’addan da ya yi a Oko Baba. A ranar 3 ga Janairu, 1953 a lokacin da yake wa’azi a Oko Baba, wasu ƴan daba sun sace Apalara, dan sandan da yawancin jama’ar sa sun gudu. Wani abu ne ya buge shi, aka fara jan shi zuwa wani gida da ke kusa. Jan gawar Apalara zuwa gidan shi ne karo na karshe da wani ba ya da alaka da kisan sa ya ga Apalara.

A watan Oktoba, 1953, wata alkaliya ta yanke hukuncin kisa ta hanyar rataya ga mutane 11 da aka samu da laifin kisan kai.

## Nassoshi

## Sources
*
*
Azargagi

Azargagi dogon zare ko tsumman da aka kekketa aka Kuma kulla sukayi tsawo,mata na anfani Dashi wajen tufke ledar da suke nade kafafu da ita yayin kunsa lalle ( Amma yana da wata ma'anar ta daban).
Oliver Ogedengbe Macaulay

**Oliver Ogedengbe Macaulay** (15 Disamba 1918 - 14 Satumba 1972), wanda aka fi sani da **Oged Macaulay** ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne, ma'aikacin adana kayan tarihi, ɗan jarida, mai ba da shawara kan hulda da jama'a, kuma sakataren sirri na Oba Adeyinka Oyekan . Shi ɗan Herbert Macaulay ne.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Oged Macaulay a ranar 15 ga Disamba 1918. Duk da haka ba a san da yawa game da mahaifiyar Oged ba,  wadda ta yiwu Isabella Macaulay, gimbiya Akure, tun da yake ba a sani ba ko mahaifinsa, Herbert Macaulay, ya sake yin aure bayan ya rasa matarsa, Caroline Pratt a 1899.  Oged tsohon dalibi ne a Makarantar Grammar CMS, Legas.

## Sana'a
Oged ɗan jarida ne wanda labarinsa ya fito a cikin matukin jirgi na Afirka ta Yamma.  Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Sakataren NCNC, jam’iyyar siyasa wadda mahaifinsa, Herbert Macaulay ya kafa. Oged dai wani bangare ne na kungiyar Zikist a cikin jam’iyyar NCNC wacce ta nemi matsayi mai tsaurin ra’ayi fiye da babbar jam’iyyar NCNC. A ranar 27 ga Oktoban 1948, Osita Agwuna, mataimakin shugaban kungiyar Zikist, ya gabatar da jawabi mai taken "Kira don Juyin Juya Hali" inda aka yi kiraye-kirayen rashin biyan haraji, rashin biyayya ga jama'a, da kaurace wa kayayyakin Birtaniyya.  Gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta Biritaniya ta yi wa Zikist tuhume-tuhume da tayar da zaune tsaye, kuma Oged ya shafe shekara guda a gidan yari.

## Oged Collection a Jami'ar Ibadan
Gidan adana bayanan sirri na Oged Macaulay (The Oged Collection) a Jami'ar Ibadan ya cika *takardun Macaulay* na mahaifinsa a Sashen Africana na ɗakin karatu na Jami'ar Ibadan. Tarin Oged yana ba da haske akan tushen Herbert Macaulay da zuriyarsa. Har ila yau, ya ba da taƙaitaccen bayani kan siyasar jam’iyya bayan mutuwar Herbert Macaulay, kuma ta haɗa da kasidu kan rikice-rikicen filaye da yawa a Legas, rikicin kan iyaka a Oshogun, tarihin dangin sarakunan Legas da fitattun mutane. Yankewar jaridu daban-daban, littatafai na sirri, da wasiku ana haɗa su a cikin Tarin Oge.

## Nassoshi
Jemo

Jemo shine a matsayin kofin shan ruwa a yanzu da yar karamar kwarya akeyin sa girman sa kamar karamin kwanon Sha.matan Fulani na amfani dashi 

wajen auna nono.
Duma

Duma,Daya ce daga cikin shukokin da akeyi a kasar hausa,da ita ake Samar da Koko,masaki,ludayi,kwarya,kokob butar zuba ruwa da sauran su.gwargwadon girmanta gwargwadon anfani da za'ayi da ita.
Louis-Florent de Vallière

**Louis-Florent de Vallière** (or Devalière; 19 June 1721 – 10 April 1775) was Governor General of the French colony of Saint-Domingue,now Haiti.

## Origins

Louis Florent de Vallière was born on 19 June 1721 in Paris.
His parents were Jean Florent,Chevalier de Vallière (1667–1759)and Marguerite Martin of Quesnoy (died 1763).
His older brother was Joseph Florant,Marquis de Vallière (1717–1776).
He became Director of Artillery and Engineers in 1747.
He became a Lieutenant General of the King's Armies, Governor of the town and castle of Bergues,Lord of Parnes,Commander of the Royal and Military Order of Saint Louis.

## Gwamnan Saint-Domingue
Louis-Florent,chevalier de Vallière,ya kasance gwamnan Saint-Domingue daga1772 har zuwa mutuwarsa a ranar 10 ga Afrilu 1775 . -Jaques de Bongars.Nolivos ya bar ranar 10 ga Fabrairu 1770, kuma De la Ferronnays ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin gwamnan riko a ranar 15 ga Janairu 1772.

Ba da daɗewa ba bayan da suka hau ofis,Vallière da Montarcher sun fuskanci tambayar mulatto Marie-Victoire.Mai shuka Philippe Morisseau,wanda ya mutu a cikin 1770 ko 1771,ya bar wasiyyar da ta tanadi cewa an kashe bayinsa shida. Dan uwansa da magajinsa sun yi iƙirarin cewa a matsayinsa na magaji ne kaɗai zai iya ba da taki.Tsohon gwamnan da kuma indendant sun yi mulki a kan goyon bayansa a cikin wata doka ta 15 Fabrairu 1771. Vallière da Montarcher sun ba da wata doka da ta bayyana Marie-Victoire da 'yarta sun kasance 'yanci ta hanyar haihuwa.Tushen su shine cewa aikin baftisma na Marie-Victoire ya ba da matsayin mahaifiyarta a matsayin "kyauta".An daukaka karar hukuncin zuwa Conseil d'État a birnin Paris,wanda a ranar 22 ga Disamba 1775 ya rushe ka'idar Vallière da Montarcher,yana mai cewa masters kadai ba zai iya ba da 'yanci ga bayi ba,wanda sarki ne kawai zai iya yi.Conseil d'État.

Louis Florent de Vallière ya canza kasuwar Port-au-Prince, quadrangle,cikin lambun jama'a.Bayan wani lokaci,lambun ya gudanar da babban taro na farko na birnin, "La Comédie".A yau sararin yana mamaye da Marché Vallière,kasuwa.

Louis Florent de Vallière ya mutu a Port-au-Prince a ranar 10 ga Afrilu 1775.Reynaud de Villeverd ya zama gwamnan riko daga 12 ga Mayu zuwa 16 ga Agusta 1775,lokacin da Thérèse Charpentier,Count of Ennery ya maye gurbinsa.
Yaƙin Mugbamugba

**Yakin Mugbamugba** shine karo na biyu da Yarabawa suka yi yunkurin kwato Ilorin. Wannan yakin ya faru ne a cikin 1830s, tsakanin watan Maris, da Afrilu, a lokacin da aka shuka 'ya'yan itatuwa. An ba da labarin wannan yaƙin na tarihi, kuma sanannen masanin tarihin Yarbawa, Samuel Johnson ne ya rubuta a cikin littafin The History of the Yorubas.

## Yakin Mugbamugba
An fara yakin Mugbamugba ne lokacin da sojojin Yarbawa suka hada kai domin fatattakar Fulani daga Ilorin, suka kwato birnin Ilorin da mayar da shi ga mulkin Yarabawa na asali da mallake shi. ’Yan fulani sun kware wajen kai hare-hare, kuma sun fatattaki Yarabawa da kuma kawarsu, Monija wanda shi ne Sarkin Rabbah.Yakin Mugbamugba,shi ne yakin karshe da Alimi ya yi, domin dansa Abudusalami ne ya gaje shi, wanda shi ne Sarkin Ilorin na farko.Wannan yakin shine farkon Masarautar Ilorin,wacce ta jagoranci Gambaris (Hausawa),wadanda suka kasance mafi yawan bayi a cikin gida,kuma bayi,matsuguni na dindindin,bayan mulkin Fulani .Wani ɗan tarihin Yarbawa Samuel Johnson ne ya rubuta wannan abin da ya faru a cikin littafin The History of the Yorubas.
Mamman Bello Ali

**Mamman Bello Ali** (1958 &#x2013; 26 Janairu 2009) shi ne Sanatan Najeriya mai wakiltar Yobe ta Kudu. Ya kasance shugaban kwamitin majalisar dattijai kan asusun jama'a daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2007, sannan gwamnan jihar Yobe daga shekara ta 2007 har zuwa rasuwarsa a 2009. Har wayau ya kasance memba a jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP).  

## Rayuwarsa

An haifi Amman Ali a shekarar 1958 a Jimeta garin Adamawa, Najeriya. Mamman ya zauna ne a gidan mahaifinsa a garin Jimeta mafi rayuwarsa acan yayi, a wasu lokutan Yana tareda abokinsa Alhaji Mouktar Garba Ibrahim dan gidan Attah. Wa 'yannan sune wurare biyun da aka fi samun sa karfin wafatinsa. Mamman yayi wafati a ranar ashirin da shida na watan Janairu a shekarar 2009 lokacin da yake karban kulawan asibiti na cutar leukemia a ƙasar Florida.

### Asalin Ilimi

Mamman Bello Ali yayi karatun firamare da ta sakandiri a garin Jimeta, yaje makarantan Numan craft dake garin Gongola Mamman yaje Kaduna Polytechnic domin kammala diplomarsa ta biyu wato Higher National Diploma (HND). a shekara ta 1982, ya kuma karasa bautan ƙasa (NYSC) a nan garin Kaduna daga baya kuma ya fara aiki a Abuja, Nigeria.

## Mutuwa
Yana jinyar cutar sankarar bargo a wani asibitin Florida lokacin da ya rasu. 

## Nassoshi
Mustapha Amin

Group Captain **Mustapha A. Amin** shi ne gwamnan jihar Borno na farko a Najeriya daga watan Maris ɗin shekarar 1976 zuwa Yuli shekarar 1978 a lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Olusegun Obasanjo, bayan an kafa jihar ne a lokacin da aka raba jihar Arewa maso Gabas zuwa Bauchi, Borno, da jihohi Gongola.

Amin ya kasance Kyaftin a Rukunin Rundunar Sojojin Saman Najeriya lokacin da Majalisar Koli ta Sojoji ta naɗa shi Gwamna. A wani yunƙuri na dakatar da shiga hamada, ya sanya takunkumi kan izinin yanke bishiyu kuma ya mai da yanke bishiyoyi a matsayin laifin cinna wuta don share ƙasar.
Ya kuma yi kira da a kafa tashar jiragen ruwa da za ta yi hidima a tafkin Chadi.

## Manazarta
Mustafa Ibn Umar El-Kanemi

**Shehu Mustafa Ibn Umar El-Kanemi** (ɗan Shehu Umar Ibn Muhammad na Borno ) shi ne Shehun Borno daga shekarar alif 1974 zuwa 2009.

## Mulki
An haifi Mustapha El-Kanemi a shekarar 1924, ɗa na hudu ga Shehun Borno na 17, Sir Umar ibn Mohammed El-Kanemi, kuma ya girma a Dikwa, jihar Borno. Ya zama sakataren Walin Borno a shekarar 1945, sannan ya yi aiki a sassa daban-daban na hukumar ta ƙasa a matsayin wakilin Shehu.
A shekarar alif 1952 ya halarci Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello da ke Zaria inda ya karanci harkokin gwamnati. 

An zaɓi El-Kanemi a matsayin ɗan majalisar dokokin yankin Arewa a shekarar 1956, mai wakiltar mazaɓar Damaturu/Busari, sannan aka sake zaɓen sa a shekarar 1959. Ya kasance sakataren majalisa a yankin Arewa a lokacin jamhuriya ta farko ta Najeriya. Ya koma Maiduguri a shekarar 1966 kuma a shekarar 1970 ya zama hakimin gundumar. An naɗa shi Shehun Borno a shekarar 1974. A wani lokaci ya kasance mataimakin shugaban majalisar ƙoli ta harkokin addinin musulunci. Abubakar Ibn Umar Garbai El-Kanemi na Borno daga dangin masarautar Dikwa ne ya gaje shi.

## Footnotes

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

* Takaitaccen tarihin Mustafa Ibn Umar El-Kanemi na Borno 
* Labarin rasuwar Shehun Borno

## Daular

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Kungiyar Nazarin Kanuri
Jerin shugabannin jihohin Haiti

Wannan labarin ya lissafa **shugabannin Haiti**tun farkon juyin juya halin Haiti a 1791.An ayyana cikakken 'yancin kai na Haiti a cikin 1804.

Tsakanin 1806 zuwa 1820 Haiti ya rabu tsakanin *jihar* arewa,da aka sake masa *suna* a cikin 1811,da kuma *Jamhuriyar* kudanci.Tsakanin 1822 zuwa 1844 *Jamhuriyar Haiti* da ta sake haɗewa ta yi mulki a kan dukan tsibirin Hispaniola,a lokacin da Haiti ta mamaye Santo Domingo .

## Saint-Domingue (1791-1804)

## Daular farko ta Haiti (1804-1806)

### Masarautar Jacques I

### Jihar Haiti (1806-1811)

### Mulkin Haiti (1811-1820)

## Jamhuriyar Haiti (1820-1849)

## Daular Haiti ta biyu (1849-1859)

### Masarautar Faustin I

## Jamhuriyar Haiti (1859-1957)

*
John Whitelocke

**John Whitelocke** (1757 - 23 Oktoba 1833) hafsan Sojan Biritaniya ne.

## Aikin soja
Ya yi karatu a Makarantar Grammar Marlborough da makarantar sojoji ta Lewis Lochée a Chelsea,Whitelocke ya shiga aikin soja a shekara ta 1778 kuma ya yi aiki a Jamaica da San Domingo. An nada shi Laftanar-Gwamnan Portsmouth da Janar Janar Kwamandan Gundumar Kudu-maso-Yamma a ranar 25 ga Yuni 1799,yana ba da umarnin garrison a lokacin tsananin fargabar mamayewa a Biritaniya.A ranar 10 ga Nuwamba 1804 ya zama laftanar-janar kuma babban sufeto-janar na daukar ma'aikata,a lokacin gagarumin fadada sojojin Burtaniya.A cikin 1807 an nada shi don ba da umarnin wani balaguro don kwace Buenos Aires daga Daular Sipaniya,wanda ke cikin rudani saboda abubuwan da suka faru a Turai.Harin ya ci tura kuma Birtaniya sun mika wuya bayan sun sha asara mai yawa.Whitelocke ya gudanar da shawarwari tare da babban jami'in adawa, Santiago de Liniers,kuma ya yanke shawarar cewa matsayin Birtaniya ba zai yiwu ba,ya sanya hannu kan mika wuya kuma ya umarci sojojin Birtaniya su watsar da Montevideo kuma su koma gida daga baya a wannan shekarar.

Mutane da yawa a karkashin umurninsa da sojojin Birtaniya da jama'a sun yi watsi da wannan ci gaba da rashin jin daɗi, kuma an gabatar da marubucin a gaban kotun soja da aka yi a asibitin Royal da ke Landan a 1808.A kan dukkan tuhume-tuhumen,sai dai guda daya, an same shi da laifi kuma an kore shi daga aikin.Ya rayu a cikin ritaya har zuwa mutuwarsa a Hall Barn Park,Beaconsfield,Buckinghamshire akan 23 Oktoba 1833.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin hadi na Waje
*  Ben Hughes, *mamayewar Burtaniya na Kogin Plate 1806-1807: Yadda Aka Kaskantar da Redcoats kuma An Haife Kasa* (2014).
*  Wannan labarin yana haɗa rubutu daga ɗaba'ar yanzu a cikin
Masarautar Dikwa

**Masarautar Dikwa dai** na ɗaya daga cikin jahohin da suka gaji tsohuwar daular Bornu, jiha ce ta gargajiya a jihar Bornon Najeriya. An kafa ta ne a shekara ta 1901 a farkon lokacin mulkin mallaka bayan da aka raba daular Bornu tsakanin turawan Ingila, Faransa da Jamus.

## Tarihi
Tsohuwar Daular Bornu, ta ruguje ne a shekarar 1893 a lokacin da Shuwa Arab Rabeh Zubayr bn Fadl Allah ya karɓe mulki ya mayar da babban birnin kasar zuwa Dikwa.
Bayan Faransawa, sannan suka faɗaɗa a yammacin Afirka, suka ci Rabih da yaƙi, suka kashe shi, suka dora Shehu Sanda Kura, dan tsohuwar daular Bornu, a matsayin Shehun Borno na farko a Dikwa a shekarar 1900. A 1901 suka maye gurbinsa da ɗan uwansa Umar Abubakar Garbai, kakan Sarakunan Borno na yanzu. Bisa yarjejeniyar da aka yi tsakanin Faransawa, Jamusawa da Birtaniya, an raba tsohuwar Bornu, Dikwa ya zama wani yanki na mulkin mallaka na Kamaru. Bature ya gayyaci Umar Abubakar Garbai ya zama sarkin yankin Ingila, sannan ya koma Monguno a shekarar 1902 da farko ya koma Maiduguri.

Jamusawa sun ɗora ɗan uwan Abubakar, Shehu Sanda Mandara, a madadinsa a Dikwa. Bayan rasuwarsa a shekarar 1917 Shehu Sanda Kyarimi ya gaje shi. An mayar da Dikwa zuwa Birtaniya a shekarar 1918 bayan da Jamus ta sha kashi a yakin duniya na farko. An naɗa Shehu Masta II Kyarimi a matsayin Shehun Dikwa a shekarar 1937 tare da fadarsa da ke garin Dikwa, amma a shekarar 1942 ya koma Bama fadar gwamnatin mulkin mallaka. 

Har ya zuwa kwanan nan, Masarautar Dikwa na ɗaya daga cikin uku a Jihar Borno, sauran kuwa sun haɗa da Masarautar Borno da Masarautar Biu.
A watan Maris na shekarar 2010 Gwamnan Jihar Borno Ali Modu Sheriff ya raba tsohuwar Masarautar Dikwa zuwa sabuwar Masarautar Bama da Dikwa. Sabuwar Masarautar Dikwa ta ƙunshi ƙananan hukumomi uku, Ngala, Dikwa da Kala Balge, mai hedikwata a garin Dikwa. Masarautar Bama tana riƙe da ƙaramar hukumar Bama, kuma tana riƙe da tsohuwar fadar masarautar Dikwa a Bama. An naɗa Alhaji Abba Tor Shehu Masta II ɗan Shehu Masta II a matsayin Sarkin sabuwar Masarautar Dikwa. Mai Kyari Elkanemi, Sarkin tsohon Dikwa ya ci gaba da zama sabon Sarkin Bama.

## Masu mulki
Sarakunan Masarautar Dikwa, masu taken “Shehu”, su ne:
 

Fabrairu 1 Alhaji Abba Jato Umar b. 1968

## Kananan Hukumomi a Masarautar Dikwa
Masarautar Dikwa na da ƙananan hukumomi huɗu, da suka haɗa da:

* Bama
* Dikwa
* Ngala
* Kala-Balge

## Manazarta
Majalisar zartarwa ta Kano

**Majalisar zartaswa ta Kano,**  kungiya ce ta tsarin mulki wacce ke aiki da ikon zartarwa a sashin gudanarwar Najeriya na jihar Kano . Yakan yanke shawara ta hanyar oda a cikin majalisa. 

Ana kiran ‘yan majalisar zartarwa a bisa hukuma “Ministan Jihohi ko Kwamishinoni”, in ban da Majalisar Jamhuriya ta Uku wadda ke da “Sakatarorin Jiha”. Gwamna ko mataimakin gwamna ko babban minista ne ke jagorantar majalisar da ikon Gwamna. 

## Majalisa

## Nassoshi
Sadoluwa Dolu Lanlehin

**Sadoluwa "Dolu" Opoola Lanlehin** (an haife shi ranar 23 ga Oktoba,1987) ɗan sarki ne na Najeriya.

## Tarihin iyali
An haifi Lanlehin a kudancin birnin Lagos,Najeriya. Kakan Lanlehin,Cif SO Lanlehin, babban jigo ne a Ibadan kuma jagoran jam'iyyar Ibadan Peoples Party. Kawunsa, Olufemi Lanlehin, a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin dan majalisar dattawa na gundumar Oyo ta Kudu a majalisar dokokin Najeriya.

## Ilimi na yau da kullun
Sadoluwa Lanlehin ta halarci kwalejin Loyola Jesuit,wata fitacciyar makarantar kwana ta Jesuit a babban birnin tarayya Abuja .Ya halarci jami'a a kasar waje a jami'ar Notre Dame da ke kasar Amurka, inda ya karanta Civil Engineering.A cikin 2015,Lanlehin ya sami Master of Business Administration daga INSEAD.

## Sana'a
Lanlehin ya fara aikinsa a matsayin injiniyan injiniya.Bayan ya sami digiri na MBA,ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara a Bain &amp;amp; Company na shekaru da yawa.A halin yanzu darakta ne a Chegg jagoran dabarun dabarun.

## Jakadan Latvia
A lokacin karatun digirinsa na farko a Jami'ar Notre Dame,Lanlehin ya kulla abota ta kud da kud da Christopher Doughty,dan uwan sakataren harkokin wajen Latvia Andris Teikmanis.Lanlehin ya yi aiki don inganta dangantakar Latvia da Najeriya,kuma bayan ya ziyarci Latvia da ganawa da Teikmanis,ya taimaka wajen shirya wata tawagar kasuwanci ta Latvia zuwa Najeriya wanda ya haifar da yin alkawarin inganta dangantakar kasuwanci tsakanin kasashen biyu.

## Nassoshi
Isra'ila Bruna

Rabbi **Isra'ila na Bruna** (ישראל ברונא; 1480-1400) ɗan Moravian ne - rabbi na Jamus kuma *Posek* (mai yanke hukunci kan Dokar Yahudawa ). An kuma san shi da **Mahari Bruna**, acronym na Ibrananci don "Malamnmu, Rabbi, Isra'ila Bruna". Rabbi Bruna an fi saninsa da ɗaya daga cikin manyan hukumomin Ashkenazi da Musa Isserles ya nakalto a cikin *Shulkhan Arukh* .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Rabbi Bruna a Jamus .  Ya yi karatu a ƙarƙashin manyan malaman Ashkenazi na zamaninsa: Yakubu Weil da Isra'ila Isserlin, wanda ya naɗa shi kuma ya yi magana da shi sosai. "Shi ƙwararren ɗalibi ne, wanda ya sadaukar da kansa, jiki da rai, ga nazarin Talmud ." Sai aka zabe shi rabbi na Bruna. Bayan korar Yahudawa daga wannan birni (1454) ya zauna a Ratisbon, Bavaria, inda ya buɗe *yeshivah* .

An kwatanta rayuwarsa ta baya a matsayin "matsala da damuwa".

* Matsayinsa a Ratisbon ya haifar da cece-kuce, wanda ya raba kan al'umma. Rabbi Anschel Segal, wanda ya riga ya fara aikin *yeshivah* a wurin, yana jin ya kamata Rabbi Bruna ya buɗe *yeshivah* a wani wuri. Daga cikin mabiyan Rabbi Anschel akwai wasu da suka koma yin zanen kalmar "bidi'a" a kan kujerar Rabbi Bruna a cikin majami'a, kuma idan ya yi wa'azi, sai su gudanar da yawo. Rabbi Bruna, duk da haka, ya ɗauki hare-hare da zagi cikin tawali'u, kuma a kan mutuwar Rabbi Segal, ya sami karɓuwa a wurin dukan al'umma.
* A cikin 1474, bayan takaddama tsakanin Frederick III, Sarkin Roma Mai Tsarki da Duke Ludwig na Landsberg kan harajin da aka sanya wa al'ummar Yahudawa, Sarkin sarakuna ya daure Bruna a kurkuku don tilasta masa yin amfani da ikonsa don neman yardar Sarkin; an sake shi bayan kwana goma sha uku a gidan yari.
* Daga baya an yi barazanar kashe Rabbi Bruna da kisa bisa zargin cin mutuncin Jini, wanda tuba zuwa Kiristanci, Hans Vagol ya kawo. Al'ummar sun yi kira ga Frederick III, da kuma Sarki Ladislav na Bohemia, wanda dukansu suka bayyana Rabbi Bruna ba shi da laifi.

## Ayyuka
Rabbi Bruna ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manya-manyan hukumomin Talmudic na zamaninsa: malamai da malamai daga garuruwa da kasashe daban-daban sun aika masa da tambayoyinsu kan duk wani abu da ya shafi dokar Yahudawa. Waɗannan *martanin*, *Teshuvot Mahari Bruna*, shi ne sanannen aikinsa. Mahimmanci, sun kasance tushen *Halakha* ga Musa Isserles ' *HaMapah* - mai haske akan *Shulkhan Arukh* yana kwatanta bambance-bambance tsakanin ayyukan *Ashkenazi* da *Sephardi* . Duba kuma Tarihin Responsa: Karni na sha biyar

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Israel Bruna Ben Hayyim, jewishencyclopedia.com
* Rabbi Israel Brunna, chabad.org
* Mahari Bruna, chaburas.org
Musa Majekodunmi

Chief **Moses Adekoyejo Majekodunmi** Listen  CFR,CMG (Yoruba  ;17 ga watan Agustan shekarar 1916&#x2013;    likitan mata ne na kasar Najeriya kuma likitan mata.Ya kasance Ministan Lafiya a Jamhuriyyar Najeriya ta Farko.

A matsayinsa na Oloye na kabilar Yarbawa,ya rike mukaman sarauta na **Mayegun** na Legas da **Otun Balogun** na Kiristocin Egbaland.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Moses a garin Abeokuta a watan Agustan shekarar  1916. Ya yi karatu a Abeokuta Grammar School,St. Gregory's College,Legas,kafin ya wuce Trinity College Dublin inda ya samu digiri a fannin Anatomy and Physiology a shekarar 1936.Ya kuma sami digiri na 1st a fannin Bacteriology da Clinical Medicine a shekarar 1940.  

## Aikin likita
A kasar ireland,ya yi aiki a matsayin likita a cikin gida a Asibitin Yara na ƙasa da asibitin Rotunda daga shekarar 1941 zuwa shekarar 1942. A cikin shekarar 1943, ya shiga ma'aikatar lafiya ta gwamnatin tarayya a matsayin likita kuma ya kafa aikin likita. Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kafa Asibitin Koyarwa na Jami’ar Legas sannan ya kafa Asibitin Saint Nicholas a garin Legas,wanda aka bude a watan Maris in shekarar 1968.

## Sana'ar siyasa
An zabe shi a majalisar dattawan kasar Najeriya a shekarar 1960. An nada shi shi kadai a matsayin mai kula da yankin Yamma a watan Yunin  shekarar 1962 bayan rikicin siyasa a yankin, inda ya rike mukamin Firimiya Samuel Akintola har zuwa watan Disamba na shekarar.

Rikicin dai ya samo asali ne sakamakon fafatawar da Akintola ya yi da tsohon Firimiyan yankin Yamma kuma shugaban jam'iyyar adawa na yanzu Obafemi Awolowo,wanda ya haifar da tarzoma a zauren majalisar.Dangane da shawarar ‘yan sanda,daya daga cikin ayyukansa na farko shi ne sanya hannu kan dokar takaita tsare shugabannin bangarorin biyu.Bayan lamarin ya daidaita,Akintola ya koma ofis a ranar 1 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1963.

## Duba kuma

* Olufemi Majekodunmi

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

*
Idewu Ojulari

Oba **Idewu Ojulari** (ya rasu c 1835) yayi sarautar Oba na Legas daga 1829 zuwa misalin 1834/5. Mahaifinsa, shi ne Oba Osinlokun da ’yan'uwansa Kosoko (wanda shi ne Oba daga 1845 zuwa 1851) da kuma Opo Olu,mace mai arziki kuma mai rike da baiwa.

## Idewu Ojulari ya kashe kansa
Idewu Ojulari ya zama Oba bayan mahaifinsa Osilokun ya rasu a 1829. Duk da haka, mulkin Idewu Ojulari bai samu karbuwa ba,kuma bisa umarnin Oba na Benin,wanda mutanen Legas suka kai kara,Idewu Ojulari ya kashe kansa. Musamman ma,Legas ta kasance a karkashin Benin har zuwa lokacin mulkin Oba Kosoko wanda sojojin Birtaniya suka tumbuke a 1851. Bayan haka,Oba Akitoye da magajinsa,Oba Dosunmu,sun ki amincewa da biyan harajin shekara-shekara ga Benin. 

A cewar masanin tarihi Kristin Mann, rashin farin jinin Idewu Ojulari na iya faruwa ne sakamakon tabarbarewar tattalin arzikin da ake samu a cinikin bayi bayan shekaru masu albarka na mulkin Osinlokun.Rahotanni sun ce sarakunan Idewu sun bayyana rashin jin dadinsu ga Oba na Benin, wanda ya aika wa Idewu kokon kai,da takobi,da sakon cewa “mutanen Legas ba za su kara gane shi a matsayin Sarkinsu ba.Idewu ya gane kwanyar a matsayin gayyata don ɗaukar guba da takobi a matsayin kiran yaƙi.Idewu ya dauki zabin guba ya kashe kansa.

## Manazarta
Akakpokpo Okon

**Akakpokpo Okon** ya kasance basarake Ibibio daga Masarautar Ibom a kusa da 1690-1720.Ya kasance dan daurin auren da aka yi tsakanin sarki Obong Okon Ita da wata ‘yar kabilar Igbo daga zuriyar Eze Agwu.Akakpokpo Okon ya jagoranci juyin mulki mai nasara akan dan uwansa Akpan Okon the *Obong* (sarki) tare da goyon bayan Eze Agwu,Nnachi,da daular Nnubi a matakin karshe na yakin Aro-Ibibio.Duk da cewa juyin mulkin ya yi nasara,an kashe Akakpokpo Okon a fada.

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* http://www.aro-okigbo.com/history_of_the_aros.htm
* https://web.archive.org/web/20081121232256/http://www.aronetwork.org/others/arohistory.html
* https://www.aronewsonline.com/?p=651
Oluwole

Oba **Oluwole** (ya rasu a shekara ta 1841) yayi sarautar Oba na Legas daga shekarar 1837 zuwa 1841. Mahaifinsa shi ne Oba Adele.

## Kishiya da Kosoko
Asalin kishiyoyin Oba Oluwole da yarima Kosoko dai ya bayyana cewa ya samo asali ne a fafatawar da suka yi na neman Obaship na Legas bayan rasuwar Oba Adele. Lokacin da Oluwole ya zama Oba, ya kori 'yar'uwar Kosoko,Opo Olu daga Legas,ko da bayan masu duba sun same ta ba ta da laifin yin maita. Bayan haka kuma, bayan da Oluwole ya murkushe boren Kosoko da makami da aka fi sani da Ogun Ewe Koko ("garen yakin coco-yam"), Oluwole ya aika da kyaftin din yakinsa-Yesufu Bada-a wani aikin soja domin kwato ganima daga sansanin Kosoko.

## Mutuwa
Oluwole ya mutu a shekara ta 1841 lokacin da walƙiya ta haifar da fashewa a wurin Oba. An busa gawar Oluwole da gunduwa-gunduwa,sai dai gyalen sarautarsa da ke kawata jikinsa.

## Nassoshi
Osinlokun

Oba **Osinlokun** ko **Eshinlokun** (ya rasu 1829) ya yi sarauta a matsayin Oba na Legas daga 1821 zuwa 1829.Mahaifinsa shi ne Oba Ologun Kutere da ’yan uwansa su ne Obas Adele da Akitoye,wanda ya sa layin Ologun Kutere Obaship ya zama babba a Legas. Daga cikin yaran Osinlokun akwai Idewu Ojulari,Kosoko,da Opo Olu.

## Girmamawa
A wajajen shekarar 1820 ko 1821 Osinlokun ya damke kaninsa Oba Adele,wanda aka koka da shi kan gabatar da masarar Egun,wanda a lokacin ake ganin bai dace ba. ta hanyar daukar karagar mulki da karfin tsiya a wani juyin mulki na tashin hankali.An kai Adele gudun hijira zuwa Badagry inda ya zama shugaban garin.Yayin da yake Badagry,Adele ya yi yunkurin sake karbar sarautar Legas da karfi amma kokarinsa ya ci tura.

## Mutuwa
Osinlokun ya rasu a shekarar 1829 kuma dansa Idewu Ojulari ya gaje shi.

## Nassoshi
Owa Ataiyero

**Owa Ataiyero** shi ne babban sarki na Ijesha, ƙabilar Yarbawa, daga 1901 zuwa mutuwarsa a 1920.

A lokacin mulkinsa an gina cocin Kirista na farko kuma aka bude a shekarar 1903, an fara aikin wayar tarho na farko a shekarar 1906, sannan motocin farko sun tuka hanyoyin Ilesa a shekarar 1907. 

## Manazarta
Oyekan I

**[[Oba]] Oyekan I** (ya rasu 30 ga Satumba,1900) ya yi sarauta a matsayin Sarkin Legas daga Maris 1885-Satumba 30,1900.Ya hau karagar mulki kamar wata guda bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa Oba Dosunmu. 

## Prince Oyekan vs.Cif Apena Ajasa ya faru
A cikin shekarar 1883,Oba Dosunmu,mahaifin Oyekan ya kira taro don magance tashe-tashen hankula tsakanin Cif Apena Ajasa da Cif Taiwo Olowo duk da haka Cif Ajasa yana barazana ga Oba da sauran sarakuna.Da ya kalli matakin barazanar Apena Ajasa,yarima Oyekan ya mari Cif Ajasa ya kara da cewa kada Ajasa ya zagi Oba a Iga Idunganran (fadar Oba)Oba Dosunmu ya ki amincewa da abin da Oyekan ya yi,ya kuma la'ance shi yana mai cewa *"Yaron da ya aikata haka ya kamata a rasa"* .Cif Taiwo Olowo,abokin hamayyar Cif Apena Ajasa,ya ji dadin abin da Oyekan ya yi,kuma ya yi tir da abin da Oba Dosunmu ya yi masa yana mai cewa *"Ba za a rasa yaron ba amma zai yi tsawon rai na wadata"*

## Rushewar tasirin Obaship a lokacin mulkin Oyekan
Obaship ya ragu da kuɗi da kuma tasiri a lokacin mulkin Oyekan.Oyekan ya karɓi raguwar kuɗin shiga da gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta Burtaniya ta biya daga Fam 1,000 zuwa Fam 200 (daga ƙarshe ya tashi zuwa £400 a shekarar 1898). Oyekan kuma ba shi da goyon bayan manyan sarakuna irin su Apena Ajasa da ya yi karo da su a shekarar 1883.A karshe,rashin goyon bayan manyan sarakuna irin su Apena Ajasa ya hana Oyekan yin wasu hukunce-hukuncen shari’a da aka tanadar wa Oba Dosunmu a cikin 1861 Yarjejeniyar Cession.

## Mutuwa
Oba Oyekan ya rasu ne a ranar Talata 30 ga Satumban shekarar 1900 bayan ya yi jinya na wani lokaci.Ya yi mulki na tsawon shekaru 15 a matsayin Oba na Legas.

## Nassoshi
Olateru Olagbegi II

Oba **Sir Olateru Olagbegi II**,(Agusta 1910&#x2013; 1998), shi ne Sarkin (Olowo), na Owo,tsohon birni wanda ya taba zama babban birnin jihar Yarbawa ta Gabas a Najeriya.

An nada shi Olowo a shekarar 1941, kuma ya yi mulki na tsawon shekaru 25, kafin a sauke shi. Ficewar sa daga mulki ya samo asali ne daga rikicin yanki tsakanin shugabannin Action Group biyu:Awolowo da Samuel Ladoke Akintola. jagorance shi a cikin 1950s, kungiyar Action Group wadda aka kaddamar a fadarsa shekaru goma da suka wuce. Yakin wasiyya da aka yi tsakanin ‘yan gladiators biyu a farkon shekarun 1960, ya ga Oba Olateru yana kafa tantinsa tare da Akintola.

Duk da haka,zaɓin nasa ya haifar da tashin hankali a cikin al'ummarsa. Wani juyin mulkin da sojoji suka yi a shekarar 1966 ya samar da wata hanya ga wasu 'yan kasar Owo domin tayar da rikici da tayar da kayar baya ga Olagbegi. A shekara ta 1966 ma’aikacin soji na yankin Yamma ya kore shi daga mulki kuma ya sake dawo da shi bayan shekaru 25.

A shekarar 1993, an sake nada shi tsohon mukaminsa na Olowo bayan rasuwar sarkin da ya yi mulki. 

An ba shi jarumi a cikin girmamawar ranar haihuwar Sarauniya a 1960.

Ya rasu a watan Oktoba 1998 kuma rawani ya ba dansa Oba Folagbade Olateru Olagbegi III.

## Siyasar ikon gargajiya
Lokacin da aka fara siyasar zaɓe a yankin Yamma a shekarar 1951,Olagbegi na ɗaya daga cikin fitattun sarakunan gargajiya waɗanda ke goyon bayan ƙungiyar Action Group kuma suka shiga siyasar wancan lokacin.An kaddamar da taron jama'a na Action Group a fadarsa a 1951. A shekarar 1962,bangarori biyu suka kunno kai a cikin jam’iyyar,kungiyar Akintola karkashin jagorancin Firimiyan yankin,Ladoke Akintola da kungiyar Awolowo karkashin jagorancin tsohon Firimiya Obafemi Awolowo.Olagbegi ya goyi bayan kungiyar Akintola inda suka fafata da abokinsa Michael Ajasin,dan majalisar wakilai da kuma mafi yawan al’ummar yankin da har yanzu suke bayan AG.A yunkurinsa na karfafa goyon bayan Akintola a Owo,ya fuskanci adawa daga magoya bayan Awolowo da kuma mafi yawan mazauna Owo. Da yawa daga cikin mazauna Owo ba su goyi bayan adawar sa da korar da aka yi wa dan majalisar a Ijebu-Owo da kuma amfani da ‘yan sanda a kauyen Isho da ke kusa da su. A lokacin da sojoji suka yi juyin mulki ya katse jamhuriya ta farko,tayar da kayar baya da magoya bayan Awolowo da al’ummar Owo suka yi ya kai ga nuna tashin hankali a cikin Owo wanda ya tilasta wa Gwamnan Soja,Adekunle Fajuyi dakatar da Olowo. Olowo ya tafi gudun hijira a Ibadan.A 1968,ya koma Owo amma tsananin adawa da mulkinsa ya tilasta masa komawa gudun hijira.Daga karshe gwamna Adeyinka Adebayo ya tsige shi daga mukaminsa a shekarar 1969.

## Nassoshi
Oloyede Adeyeoba

**Oba Oloyede Adeyeoba, Akinghare ll** is the current ***Arujale Ojima*** of Okeluse,Ondo State,Nigeria.  Shi, ne sarkin gargajiya na Okeluse.Adeyeoba wani sarki ne na masarautar Okeluse,karamar hukumar, Ose a jihar Ondo.Yana da shekaru sha shida,ya gaji mahaifinsa,Marigayi Oba Akinghare I,Adeyeoba Omomogbe kan karaga a shekarar 2019.Ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare a watan Agusta 2022.

## Ilimi
A cikin 2022,Oloyede Adeyeoba ya gama karatunsa na sakandare a Greater Tomorrow International College,Arigidi,Ondo,Nigeria.  A yanzu haka yana karatun Kimiyyar Siyasa a Jami'ar Afe Babalola don yin Digiri na B.Sc.

## Zabi da nadin sarauta
Ya zama sarki a watan Fabrairun 2019,bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa.An nada shi ya gaji mahaifinsa kasancewar namiji daya tilo da mahaifinsa ya haifa,bisa ga al'adar garinsu,an nada dan sarki na farko a matsayin wanda zai gaje shi. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Akinghare ll bai yi aure ba amma yana shirin auren mace fiye da ɗaya kamar yadda al'adarsa ta tanada. 

## Nassoshi
Kogin Nun

**Kogin Nun** kogi ne a jihar Bayelsa a Najeriya. An kafa kogin Nun ne a lokacin da kogin Neja ya rabu gida biyu a Toru-Abubou, kusa da garin Agbere a karamar hukumar Sagbama a jihar Bayelsa, ya zama kogin Nun da na Forcados.

Kogin Nun ya fito daga kogin mahaifansa, Nijar, yana gudana kusan kilomita 160 (mita 100) kudu zuwa mashigin tekun Guinea a Akassa. Tsarinsa yana gudana musamman ta wuraren da aka zaunar da su da kuma fadama.

Bayan fitowar kogin Nun daga mahaifansa, Nijar, kogin Nun yana gudana kusan kilomita 160 (mita 100) kudu zuwa mashigin tekun Guinea a Akassa.

A cikin ƙarni na 19, Nun ya kasance cibiyar kasuwanci tsakanin Turai da kabilar Igbo - a Aboh. Tarihin cinikin kogin ya fara ne da cinikin bayi amma daga baya aka maye gurbinsa da fitar da dabino. Duk da haka, a farkon karni, bakin kogin ya yi zurfi sosai, ya toshe hanyar. Daga baya, 'yan kasuwa sun fara amfani da mafi yawan ruwan kogin Forcados.

Kogin Nun yana dawwama a cikin waƙar Gabriel Okara. Wakarsa mai suna “Kiran Kogin Nun”, ita ce rashin kunya ga kogin da ke ratsa gidansa.

## Gurbacewa
Gurbacewar man fetur dai na ci gaba da zama tushen kararrakin kasa da kasa da dama a yankin Niger Delta na Najeriya. Tasirin ƙananan danyen mai mai maimaitawa akan physicochemical, microbial and hydrobiological Properties na kogin Nun, tushen tushen ruwan sha, abinci da ayyukan nishaɗi ga al'ummomin yankin. An tattara samfurori daga maki shida na samfur tare da shimfiɗar ƙananan kogin Nun a kan tsawon makonni 3. Zazzabi, pH salinity, turbidity, jimlar daskararrun dakatarwa, jimlar daskararru, narkar da iskar oxygen, phosphate, nitrate, karafa masu nauyi, BTEX, PAHs da microbial da abubuwan da ke cikin plankton an tantance su don tabbatar da inganci da matakin lalacewar kogin. An kwatanta sakamakon da aka samu tare da bayanan asali daga nazarin, ƙa'idodin ƙasa da na duniya. Sakamakon ma'auni na physicochemical ya nuna gagarumin tabarbarewar ingancin kogin saboda ayyukan samar da mai. Turbidity, TDS, TSS, DO, conductivity da nauyi karafa (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni da Zn) sun kasance a cikin keta haddi na kasa da na kasa da kasa na kiwon lafiyar ruwa sha. Hakanan sun kasance mafi girma fiye da yanayin asalin kogin na farko. Har ila yau, an sami sauye-sauye masu ban mamaki a cikin phytoplankton, zooplankton da bambance-bambancen ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta saboda gurɓataccen mai a cikin yankunan da ake yin samfur.

## Abubuwan da suka faru
A ranar 27 ga Satumba 2017, Nun ta balle cikin dare tare da nutsar da gidajen zama tare da bankin ta a Yenagoa, babban birnin jihar Bayelsa.

A ranar 16 ga Nuwamba, 2019, 'yan jarida hudu da suka dawo daga rumfar zabe, suna gudanar da aikin zaben gwamna, an ceto su a lokacin da jirginsu ya kife.

## Nassoshi