open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Hanyar Ring ta Ibadan

Hanyar Ring ta Ibadan, babbar hanya ce ta birni a cikin garin Ibadan, Jihar Oyo, Najeriya, tana da kusan kilomita 35 (22 miles). Tana aiki azaman hanyar sufuri, tana sauƙaƙe haɗin cikin birni da tsakanin birane.

## Tarihi

### Ci gaban farko
Asalin hanyar Ring Road ta Ibadan za a iya cewa ta samo asali ne tun farkon shekara ta 1960, wani lokaci na zurfin birane a Bayan samun 'yancin kai a Najeriya. Da yake amincewa da bukatar ababen more rayuwa na zamani don tallafawa yawan jama'a da tattalin arzikin Ibadan, Gwamnatin Najeriya ta fara aiki mai ban sha'awa na gina tsarin hanya mai zagaye da ke kewaye da gundumar kasuwanci ta tsakiya.

Ginin ya fara ne a shekara ta 1960, tare da hanyar da aka haɓaka a matakai masu ci gaba, kowannensu an tsara shi don karɓar buƙatun faɗaɗa birni. A cikin shekara ta 1963, an ƙaddamar da titin Ibadan Ring Road a hukumance.

### Matakan faɗaɗawa
A cikin tarihinta, titin Ibadan Ring Road ya sami faɗaɗawa da gyare-gyare da yawa don magance ƙaruwar zirga-zirga da ci gaban birane.

A ƙarshen shekarar 1970s, hanyar ta sami faɗaɗawa, ta canza zuwa hanyoyi biyu waɗanda suka inganta yawan zirga-zirga.

Tsayar da dabarun flyovers da musayar sun inganta aminci da rage tarwatsawa. Shahararren daga cikin waɗannan ƙari sune Cocoa House Interchange da Mokola Flyover . 

Ƙoƙarin da ake ci gaba tana mai da hankali kan inganta hanyar, shigar da tsarin kula da zirga-zirga na zamani, ingantaccen haske, da ingantaccen yanayin hanya.

## Bayani game da hanya
Hanyar Ibadan Ring Road ta kewaye gundumomin tsakiya na birnin, tana aiki a matsayin muhimmiyar hanyar haɗi tsakanin manyan unguwanni. Ta samo asali ne daga Iwo Road Interchange a arewa maso yamma, ya ƙare a Ibadan-Ife Road a kudu maso gabas. Wannan hanyar da aka kiyaye da kyau ta ratsa yankunan da ke da yawan jama'a, tana haɗa unguwanni masu mahimmanci kamar Mokola, Dugbe, da Bodija.

Hanyar tana da hanyoyi da yawa, matsakaici masu kyau, da kuma ingantaccen hasken titi, wanda ke nuna ƙa'idojin ababen more rayuwa na birane na Najeriya.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin Haɗin waje

* Gwamnatin Jihar Oyo
Olubiyi Fadeyi

**Olubiyi Fadeyi-Ajagunla** ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne, ɗan majalisar dattawa ta 10 daga gundumar Osun ta tsakiya. Ɗan jam’iyyar PDP Fadeyi ya doke kakakin majalisar dattawan Najeriya mai ci Sanata Ajibola Basiru na jam’iyyar All Progressives Congress. Fadeyi, wanda ya kafa gidauniyar Ajagunla, gidauniya mai zaman kanta.

## Siyasa
Fadeyi na jam'iyyar PDP ya lashe kujerar Sanatan Osun ta tsakiya a zaɓen da aka gudanar a ranar 25 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 2023 bayan ya samu ƙuri'u 134,229 inda ya doke Sanata mai ci kuma kakakin majalisar dattawa ta 9, Ajibola Bashir na jam'iyyar APC wanda ya samu ƙuri'u 117,609.

## Manazarta
Doddoya/Scent leaves

***Ocimum gratissimum***, wanda kuma aka sani da **basil clove**, **Basil na Afirka**,  kuma a cikin Hawaii a matsayin **Basil daji**,  nau'in Basil ne. Asalinsa ne a Afirka, Madagascar, kudancin Asiya, da Bismarck Archipelago, kuma an samo asali a Polynesia, Hawaii, Mexico, Panama, West Indies, Brazil, da Bolivia . 

## Sauran sunaye

* **Ebe-amwonkho** in Edo
* **Tchayo** in Fon
* **Dogosui** in Ewe
* **Efirin** in Yoruba 
* **Tamwṍtswã́gi** in Nupe
* **Ajuntita** in Ikwerre
* **Nchanwu** in Igbo 
* **Kpan-sroh** in Irigwe
* **Añyeba** in Igala
* **Daidoya** in Hausa 
* **Nchuanwu kuma Arimu** a cikin harshen Igbo
* **Ntong** in Ibibio, Efik
* **Kunudiri** in Kirikeni Okuein
* **Nunum** in Akan
* **Nunu Bush** in Jamaica (daga yaren Akan)
* **Yerba di holé** in Papiamento
* **Fobazen** in Haiti
* **Kamshi ya fita** a Najeriya (daidaitaccen fassarar Turancin Najeriya ) da kuma a cikin kasashen Afirka
* **Mujaja** in Uganda
* **Vaayinta (వాయింట)** in Telugu
* **Maduruthala** in Sri Lanka මදුරුතලා
* **Kattutulasi**​
* **Bai yeera** in Thai ใบยี่หร่า
* **Rehani** in Georgian რეჰანი
* **Van Tulsi (વન તુલસી)** in Gujarati
* **Tomka leaf** in chittagoneon Bangla
* **Awromangnrin** in Baoulé
* **Kungurekwu u tamen** in Tiv
* **Demakese (Demakese)** in Ethiopia 

### Amfani
A Najeriya ana amfani da hutun kamshi wajen yin miya ta barkono, shinkafa gida, wake, plantain, ko da miya na yau da kullun, da sauran kayan abinci.

## Ciwon iri
Da alama iri suna buƙatar hasken rana mai ƙarfi don tsiro, ko da yake an sami germination har ma a lokacin rani na Burtaniya. 

## Mahalli na phytochemical
Abubuwan phytochemicals da ke cikin *Ocimum gratissimum* sun ƙunshi polyphenols kamar Gallic acid, Rosmanol, rosmarinic acid, flavonoids kamar Nepetrin, Quercetin, Rutin ,

Catechin, da kuma alkaloids da terpenoids . Naringin, uteolin, Apigenin, Nepetoidin, Nevadensin, Hymenoxin, Salvigenin, Apigenin, 7,4,'-dimethyl ether, Basilimoside, 2alpha, 3 beta-Dihydroxyolean- 12en-28-oic acid, Methyl acetate, Oleanolic 

## Pharmacology na ruwan 'ya'ya da muhimmanci mai
Mahimmin mai na *Ocimum gratissimum* ya ƙunshi eugenol kuma yana nuna wasu shaidun ayyukan ƙwayoyin cuta.     Mahimmin mai yana da yuwuwar amfani da shi azaman mai kiyaye abinci,  kuma yana da guba ga *Leishmania* . 

## Maganin kwari
*O. gratissimum* yana korar thrips *Thrips tabaci*, haka ma maganin kwari mai amfani a sauran amfanin gona. 

## Manazarta
Association Solidarité Féminine

Association Solidarité Féminine (**ASF**) kungiya ce mai zaman kanta wacce take fafutukar kare hakkin ɗan Adam adam wacce Aïcha Chenna ta kafa a Casablanca, Morocco a shekarar 1985. Kungiyar tana taimaka wa mata marasa aure samun kwarewar aiki ta hanyar horar da su a gidan cin abinci na kungiyar, kantin sayar da abinci, da *hammam*.

## Tarihi
A cikin shekarar 1985, an ƙirƙiri ASF a Casablanca, Maroko.

A cikin shekarar 1988, cibiyar farko ta ƙungiyar ta buɗe ƙofofinta a Tizi Ouasli. Ech-Chenna ta sami lambar yabo ta girmamawa ta Sarki Mohammed VI a cikin shekara ta 2000, sai kuma kyautar Elisabeth Norgall a shekarar 2005, *lambar yabo ta Opus*, da lambar yabo ta *Dona d'el Ano* a shekarar 2009.  

A cikin shekarar 2013, an kuma karrama Ech-Chenna tare da Légion d'honneur, ana kiranta da Knight na Jamhuriyar Faransa.  .

Kungiyar  kuma mamba ce ta Oyoune Nissaiya, kungiyar sa ido kan cin zarafin mata ta Morocco.

## Duba kuma

* Dandalin ilimi
* Maroko portal
* Cibiyar Horar da Mata ta Amal da Gidan Abinci na Moroko
* Mace na talauci a Maroko
* Mata a Maroko
* Jerin kungiyoyin mata

## Manazarta
Gifaataa

**Gifaataa** bikin al'adu ne da al'ummar Wolayta ke yi a yankin Kudancin ƙasar Habasha.  Ana yin wannan biki kowace shekara a watan Satumba.  A cikin wannan biki, Wolayta ta ƙarɓi sabuwar shekara kuma ta sallami tsohuwar.  Gifaataa yana nufin, "farko," kuma ana ɗaukarsa gada daga tsoho zuwa sabo, duhu zuwa haske. A lokacin Gifaataa, Wolayta suna rawa kuma suna jin daɗin abincin al'ada. Muhimmancin Gifaata shi ne a kawar da al’amuran da suka gabata a fara wartsakewa, sulhunta rigingimun da suka faru a baya da kuma karfafa dangantakar iyali da al’umma gabaɗaya. 

## Tarihi
Masana kidayar jama’a ne suka gayyaci masu ba da shawara kan masarautar zuwa fadar, lokacin da tsohuwar shekara ke kara kusantowa.  Sannan masu baiwa sarki shawara kan fita da daddare don tantance tushen zagayowar wata, sassa huɗu na wata: watau (poo'uwa, xumaa, xeeruwa, Goobanaa) su zo da alamomin shekara, su kiyaye cikar watan. zagayowar wata a sanar da sarki da mashawartansa.  Bayan sun gaya wa sarki ainihin ranar, sai su koma gida suna ba da lada, kuma za a faɗa wa jama’a yadda sarki ya zo bikin ta hanyar shela a kasuwa da taron jama’a.

## Manazarta
Lattice Energy

A cikin ilimin sanin sinadarai, makamashin lattice shine canjin kuzari bayan samuwar mole guda ɗaya na fili na ionic crystalline daga abubuwan da ke cikinsa, waɗanda aka ɗauka suna cikin yanayin gas. Ma'auni ne na rundunonin haɗin kai waɗanda ke ɗaure daskararrun ionic. Girman makamashin lattice yana haɗe da wasu kaddarorin jiki da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da narkewa, taurin kai, da rashin ƙarfi. Tun da gabaɗaya ba za a iya auna shi kai tsaye ba, yawancin kuzarin da aka yi amfani da shi ana cire shi daga bayanan gwaji ta hanyar zagayowar Haihuwa-Haber.h

## Theoretical treatments

## Makamashin Lattice da Makamashin Enthalpy
Tunanin makamashin lattice an fara amfani da shi ne ga samuwar mahadi tare da sifofi kamar rocksalt (NaCl) da sphalerite (ZnS) inda ions ke mamaye rukunin yanar gizo na simmetry na crystal. A cikin yanayin NaCl, makamashin lattice shine canjin makamashi na amsawa

Na+ (g) + Cl− (g) → NaCl (s)

wanda ya kai -786 kJ/mol.

Wasu litattafan ilmin sinadarai da kuma Littafin Jagoran Chemistry da Physics na CRC da aka fi amfani da shi  suna ayyana makamashin lattice tare da kishiyar alamar, watau a matsayin makamashin da ake buƙata don juyar da kristal zuwa ions na iskar gas mara iyaka a cikin sarari, tsari na endothermic. Bayan wannan al'ada, makamashin lattice na NaCl zai kasance +786 kJ/mol. Ana amfani da duk ƙa'idodin alamomin biyu ko'ina.

Dangantakar da ke tsakanin makamashin lattice da lattice enthalpy a matsi P￼ an bayar da ita ta wannan ma'auni mai zuwa:

￼,

inda ΔUlattice shine makamashin lettice (watau canjin makamashi na cikin gida), ΔHlattice shine enthalpy na lattice, da ΔVm Tun da ƙarar ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ya yi ƙanƙanta da na iskar gas, ΔVm<0￼. Samar da lattice crystal daga ions a cikin sarari dole ne ya rage kuzarin cikin gida saboda ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfin da abin ya shafa, don haka ΔUlattice <0￼. Kalmar -PΔVm yana da inganci amma yana da ɗan ƙarami a ƙananan matsi, don haka ƙimar enthalpy ɗin lattice shima mara kyau ne (kuma exothermic).

## Ka,idojin Kula
Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na fili na ionic ya dogara da ƙarfi akan cajin ions waɗanda suka ƙunshi ƙarfi, waɗanda dole ne su jawo hankalin juna ko tunkuɗe juna ta hanyar Dokar Coulomb. Fiye da wayo, dangi da cikakkun girman ions suna tasiri ΔHlattice￼. Har ila yau, sojojin tarwatsawa na London suna wanzu tsakanin ions kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga makamashin lattice ta hanyar tasirin polarization. Don mahadi na ionic da aka yi da cations na kwayoyin halitta da/ko anions, ana iya samun ma'amalar ion-dipole da dipole-dipole idan ko dai kwayoyin suna da lokacin dipole na kwayoyin halitta. Jiyya na ka'idar da aka bayyana a ƙasa an mayar da hankali ne akan mahadi da aka yi da cations na atomic da anions, da kuma sakaci da gudummawar da ake bayarwa ga makamashin ciki na lattice daga girgizar lattice mai thermalized.

## Manazarta
Taralily

**Taralily**  wani gagarumin bikin girbin shinkafa ne na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a tsibirin Madagascar. 
 
## Manazarta
Bikin Lusata

**Bikin Lusata** biki ne na shekara-shekara ga dukkanin al'ummar ƙabilar Mafwe na Namibiya da na kusa.  Ƙabilar Mafwe na ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙabilu a yankin Caprivi. Suna jin ChiFwe. Bikin na bikin al'adun gargajiya, yana tunawa da abubuwan da suka gabata, da kuma sa ido kan gaba. Yana faruwa kowace shekara a cikin makon ƙarshe na watan Satumba. Sunan bikin yana nuni ne da sandar giwa da aka lullube da ita.

Yawancin mutane daga kowane ƙauyuka na Caprivi suna zuwa bikin ta hanyar rawa da liyafa. Kullum ana yin shi a ƙauyen da sarki ya sauƙa a ƙauyen Chinchimani, 6&nbsp;km daga Katima Mulilo. Sarkin ya shawarci al’ummarsa kan yadda za a rage aikata laifuka a cikin al’umma, yankin da ma ƙasa baki ɗaya. Sarkin Mafwe shine George Simasiku Mamili kuma sunan Mamili sunan sarauta ne na sarakunan Mafwe. Induna Silalo da Ngambela na kotun gargajiya ne ke kula da bikin. Sarkin ya kasance yana sanya tufafin gargajiya kamar fatar damisa da sauran fatun dabbobi.

Yawancin Mafwe suna yin bikin Lusata kamar 'yan Zambia tun daga Zambia kuma Lusata ita ce sandan sarki wanda a al'adance ya haɗa mutane. Gwamnatin Namibiya ta kasance tana taimakawa da sufuri don ɗaukar mutane daga ƙauyuka masu nisa kamar Malengalenga, Linyanti, da sauransu. Yawancin sarakuna suna halartar wannan bikin. Yawancin sarakuna daga Zambia da Botswana su zo su ga yadda Mafwe ke rayuwa. Kafin sarki na yanzu Lusata yana ƙauyen Mulenenyi Linyanti. Kafin tsohon shugaban Mamili Bebi ya tafi Dernmark.

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Bikin Lusata yana jan hankalin dubban  artsHub, An dawo da shi 2012/10/19.
* Namibiya: Dubban jama'a ne suka yi tururuwa zuwa bikin Lusata na George Sanzila, 2 ga Oktoba, 2012, An dawo da shi 19 ga Oktoba 2012. 

## Manazarta
Wendell Pierce

**Wendell Edward Pierce** (haihuwa: 8 ga Disamba 1962) dan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Amurka kuma dan kasuwa.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Wendell Pierce a New Orleans a jahar Louisiana. Daya ne daga cikin yara uku na malamin makaranta kuma daya daga cikin sojojin da sukayi yakin duniya na biyu da aka girmama Wanda yayi aiki a matsayin injiniya mai Kula da abubuwan.

## Manazarta
Bikin Olufuko

**Olufuko** (daga kalmar Oshiwambo ma'ana bikin aure) biki ne na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a Outapi, Namibiya. Sam Nujoma, tsohon shugaban ƙasar Namibiya wanda ya kafa jamhuriyar Namibiya ne ya buɗe shi a hukumance a ranar 23 ga watan Agusta 2012.  Outapi birni ne, da ke a yankin Omusati a ƙasar Namibiya.

Olufuko tsari ne da ake shirya 'yan mata masu shekaru 15 zuwa 20 don zama mace.  Ma’ana ana koyar da su yadda ake gudanar da ayyukan gargajiya a gida, kamar bugun omahangu, girki, noma da fahimtar matsayin maza da mata a cikin al’umma da kuma tasirin cutar kanjamau, STDs da sauran cututtuka a cikin al’umma. Bayan Olufuko, ana sa ran matan aure za su koma makaranta su gama makaranta kuma ba za su yi aure nan da nan ba kamar yadda ake yi a zamanin da. Masu jawabai da dama a wajen buɗe taron na Olufuko sun yi amfani da wannan dama wajen jan hankalin dukkan ‘yan matan da su koma makaranta kuma babu wata ɗaya daga cikin ‘yan matan da aka taɓa mikawa wani namiji domin ya yi aure bayan bikin kaddamarwar. Mutanen ƙasa da shekaru 16 ana ɗaukarsu ƙanana a ƙarƙashin tsarin mulkin Namibiya.

## Makasudai
Daga cikin wasu, makasudin bikin sun haɗa da:

# Sanarwa, ilimantarwa da nishadantarwa tare da manufar godiya da haɓaka asalin al'ada da al'adu.
# Ƙirƙirar damar yawon buɗe ido.
# Haɓaka manufar haɗin kai a tsakanin jama'arsu.
# Ƙirƙirar wayar da kan jama'a a cikin yankin ta hanyar al'adu, fasaha da ayyukan noma.
# Kiyaye da haɓaka al'adu da al'ada.
# Ƙarfafa tattalin arziƙin gida da na yanki.

## Manazarta
Ionic Crystal

A cikin ilimin sanin sinadarai, kristal ionic wani crystalline nau'i ne na mahadi na ionic. Su ne ƙaƙƙarfan da suka ƙunshi ions  haɗaɗɗe tare ta hanyar jan hankalin su na lantarki zuwa lattice na yau da kullun. Misalan irin waɗannan lu'ulu'u sune alkali halides, gami da potassium fluoride (KF), potassium chloride (KCl), potassium bromide (KBr), potassium iodide (KI), sodium fluoride (NaF). Sodium chloride (NaCl) yana da haɗin kai 6:6. Kaddarorin NaCl suna nuna hulɗa mai karfi da ke tsakanin ions. Yana da kyakkyawar jagorar wutar lantarki lokacin narkakkar, amma maras kyau sosai a cikin m yanayi. Lokacin da aka haɗa ions ta wayar hannu suna ɗaukar caji ta ruwa. Ana siffanta su da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi na infrared radiation kuma suna da jiragen da suke mannewa cikin sauƙi. Daidaitaccen tsari na ions a cikin lattice na ionic ya bambanta gwargwadon girman ions a cikin m.

## Manazarta
Waterleaf

A cikin **[[botany]]**, **leaf** na iya nufin:

* Duk wani shuka na halittar *Hydrophyllum*
* Duk wani shuka wanda memba ne na dangin ruwa, Hydrophylloideae
* *Talinum fruticosum*, kayan lambu na ganye na dangin Talinaceae

A cikin **[[Karatun zanen gine-gine|gine-gine]]**, **waterleaf** yana nufin:

* Waterleaf (ginin gine-gine), kayan ado na sassaka da aka yi amfani da su akan manyan ginshiƙai a ƙarshen karni na goma sha biyu na gine-ginen Romanesque
Amy Acker

**Amy Louise Acker** (haihuwa: 5 ga Disamba 1976) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Amy Louise Acker a Dallas dake jahar Texas kuma ta girma a nan, mahaifiyarta mazauniyar gida ce mahaifinta kuma lauya ne.  

## Manazarta
Doddoya

**Doddoya** ganye ne wanda a turanci ake kira Sent leaf/Clove Basil ganye ne mai daɗi da aka sani da ƙamshi da ɗanɗano. Ana noman shi a sassa daban-daban na Najeriya kuma ana daraja shi saboda amfanin magunguna da abinci mai gina jiki. Ganyen kamshi (Ocimum Gratissimum) yana da sunaye iri-iri kamar Nnchanwu (Igbo), Efinrin (Yoruba), da Doddoya (Hausa),Kafur(Kanuri), Ntong (Efik), da Aramogbo (Edo). Ana yawan amfani da ganyen kamshi wajen shirya nau'ika na miyar Abin I Daba daban kamar Baƙar miyar da miyar Banga. Har ila yau yana ba da rai ga barkono na Najeriya, kamar wannan miya barkono na kaza ko miyar naman akuya.

## Manazarta
Rachael Harris

**Rachael Harris** (haihuwa: 12 ga Janairu 1968) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka kuma yar Chamama. 
 
## Manazarta
David Costabile

**David Costabile** (/ˈkɒstəbəl/; haihuwa: 9 ga Janairu 1967) dan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Amurka.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Costabile a Washington D.C kuma iyayenshi yan asalin Italiya ne.  

## Manazarta
Stephen Macht

**Stephen Robert Macht** (haihuwa: 1 ga Mayu 1942) dan wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin da kuma fim na Amurka.
## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Macht a Philadelphia dake jahar Pennsylvania, iyayenshi yahudawa ne, mahaifiyarta Janette, mahaifinshi kuma Jerome Irving Macht. 

## Manazarta
Karkashi

Ana amfani da ganyen **Kàrkashi** ayi miyar **karkashi** mai suna Miyar  karkashi, abincin da ake amfani da shi a Arewacin Najeriya musamman Hausawa. Ganyen Karkashi yayi kama da miyar ganyen Yarbawa da ake so da ake kira Ewedu.

## Amfanin  Ganyen Karkashi
1. Haɓaka samar da haemoglobin da jajayen ƙwayoyin jini. 

2.Ana amfani da ganyen Karkashi da aka daure a matsayin maganin ciwon kunama 

3.Yana maganin ciwon 

4. Ana amfani da ita don magance cututtukan fungal da ke shafar fatar Kan Kai na mutum kai mai suna tinea capitis. 

5.Ana amfani dashi azaman shamfu na gashi don dandruffs. 

6.Saboda magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta, an yi imanin karkashi yana taimakawa wajen magance cutar kyanda da kyanda. 

7. Yana saukaka haihuwa 

8. Karkashi yana inganta haihuwa, yana kara kwai da kuma kara sha'awa. 

9. Karkashi yana maganin gudawa da zawo 

10. Yana taimakawa narkewar abinci

11. Yana kara lafiyar kwakwalwa. 

13. Karkashi ga gashi: Karkashi yana da matukar amfani ga gashi domin yana taimakawa ci gaban gashi, yana magance ciwon kai, da kuma kawar da dandruff.

14. Miyan Karkashi tana da tsarin Keto kuma ana iya karawa a tsarin rage kiba na Najeriya 

15. Miyan karkashi yana rage hawan jini kuma yana da karancin Glycemic Index. Yana da kyau ga masu ciwon sukari. 

16. Yana taimakawa hangen nesa 

17. Inganta lafiyar fata 

18. Karkashi yana da amfani wajen rage kiba. Ba a samu rahoton illar illa ba har zuwa yanzu karkashi.

## Abubuwan Amfani na Abinci na karkashi
Calories: 233

iron

Phosphorus

calcium

Zinc

Copper

Vitamin A, E, C, K

Magnesium

Manganese

Low carbs

moderate proteins

## Sanannun Sunayen karkashi
Botanical name: Sesamum radiatum

English: benniseed 

Yoruba: ewe-atura 

Hausa: karkashi

Tiv/Idoma: beni

Tarok: Izhin

English name of karkashi soup: Sesame leaf soup

## Manazarta
Bikin Umatu

**Bikin Umatu** na ɗaya daga cikin manyan bukukuwa guda shida da ake gudanarwa a Onitsha Ado N'Idu duk shekara. Sauran sune Ajachi, Owuwaji, Ofala, Osisi-Ite da Ife-Jioku. Ana bikin Umatu ne lokacin da aka nomi masara ta farko.  Jama’a suna ganawa da Sarki (Obi) da shugabannin jajayen hulunansa (Ndiche) domin nuna farin ciki da albarkar noman masara. 

## Tarihi
Bikin Umatu ya samo asali ne daga Exodus 23:16: "Ku yi bikin girbi lokacin da kuka fara girbi amfanin gonarku. Ku yi bikin Gida a cikin kaka, lokacin da kuka tattara 'ya'yan itace daga gonar inabi da gonarku. "Tare da abubuwan da aka samo daga Littafi Mai-Tsarki, Sarki da shugabannin Red Cap ɗin sa za su yi rawa ga  don yin bikin da ke kewaye da Ime-Obi (Fadar Sarki). Wannan rawa yawanci yana da matsayi, daga ƙasa zuwa saman. Onowu Iyasele (Firai Minista na gargajiya) shine babban shugaban da ke rawa a gaban Obi na Onitsha.

## Biki
Babban abin al'ajabi na Umatu shine  (abincin masara), wanda ake haɗawa da  (miyan zana) da majalisar ministocinta na bin Iba. Ana ba da  a cikin kwano na asali da ake kira  .  Sauran abubuwan sha da aka yi a Ime Obi lokacin Umatu sune , , da  .

Lokacin da Obi ya karɓi , ya yanke ya raba tare da duk wanda ke wurin, yana farawa da jagororinsa na Red Cap. Ana kuma yanka awaki da tsuntsaye don yin ko dai  ko miyar  (miyan zana). Daga nan sai jama’a da sauran al’ummar yankin baki ɗaya su yi addu’ar Allah ya ba su lafiya.

Umatu na da matukar muhimmanci ga al’ummar Onicha masu noma a wancan lokacin, kamar yadda wata tsohuwar magana ta nuna, , ma’ana gonakin da za ku iya tsintar dawa, na nuni da cewa noman doya ta gabato (Bikin Sabuwar Doya). 

Bikin Umatu ya kwashe kwanaki 16 ana fara shi da bikin Obi na Onitsha. Daga nan sai Eze-Idi da Ikpala Isi da Umueze Chima da Ikpoko Akwukwo Ogili suka shiga bukukuwan kwana huɗu kamar haka; ranar ƙarshe ta kasance alama ta hanyar share kwantena kayan lambu da fakiti. 

Bikin Umatu a Onitsha a shekarar 2020 an shirya shi ne bisa ka'idojin aminci da ka'idojin Covid-19.

## Manazarta
In the City (South African festival)

A cikin The City wani bikin kiɗa ne na Afirka ta Kudu, na rana ɗaya  wanda ke faruwa a kowace shekara a Johannesburg a Mary Fitzgerald Square. 

## Tarihi
A cikin The City an fara shi ne a cikin shekarar 2012 ta hanyar Seed Experiences, wannan kamfani da ke da alhakin Birnin Cape Town Rocking The Daisies.  Saboda haka, duka bukukuwan sun raba abubuwan da suka faru tun lokacin da aka fara In The City a shekarar 2012   kuma fitowar shekara ta farko ta ɗauki bakuncin Bloc Party a matsayin aikinta na ƙasa da ƙasa. A In The City 2012 an ɗauke shi babbar nasara yayin da ya sayar da dukkan tikitin sa.

Kamfanin sadarwa na Afirka ta Kudu Vodacom   ne ke ɗaukar nauyin bikin kuma ya amince da shi wanda ya sa ake kiran bikin *"Vodacom In The City*"  da *"Vodacom Unlimited In The City*". 

## Wallafa ta baya
Tebur mai zuwa yana nuna shekara, kwanan wata da manyan masu yin wasan kowace shekara na In The City.

## Duba kuma

* Ayyukan Kiɗa
* Kidan Afirka ta Kudu
* RAMFest
* Fen
* Misty Waters

## Manazarta
Bikin Fim na Joburg

**Bikin Fim na Joburg** ( **JFF** ) bikin fina-finai ne na duniya na shekara-shekara da aka gudanar a wurare daban-daban a Johannesburg, Gauteng, Afirka ta Kudu.

## Tarihi
An kafa bikin Fim na Joburg a cikin shekarar 2016.  Saboda cutar ta COVID-19, an tsallake bugu na 2021 da 2022.  An gudanar da bugu na 5 daga watan Janairu 31 - Fabrairu 5, 2023. 

## Bayani
Joburg Film Festival (JFF) bikin fina-finai ne na duniya na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a wurare daban-daban a Johannesburg ("Joburg"), Gauteng, Afirka ta Kudu.    Kamfanin watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin na tauraron ɗan Adam  na Afirka ta Kudu MultiChoice ne ke goyon bayan bikin.   

## Shirin
Bikin yana nuna jadawalin nunin fina-finai, shirin masana'antu tare da tattaunawar panel, tattaunawa da darajoji, shirin matasa na ilimi, taron zamantakewa, da kasuwar abun ciki na kasuwanci JBX. 

## Kyautattuka
Kyaututtukan da aka sanar a 2025 sune Mafi kyawun Fim, Mafi kyawun Fim na Afirka, Mafi kyawun Documentary da Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Joburg (masu shirya fina-finai na Joburg ne kawai suka cancanci wannan kyautar). 

## Wadanda suka ci kyaututtukan baya

* Hoton mai zaman kansa 2023 - Cloud and the Man (Manikbabur Megh) na Abhinandan Banerjee - Fiction minti 97.

## Manazarta
Daular

**Daular sarauta** ita ce jerin masu mulki daga iyali ɗaya,  yawanci a cikin tsarin tsarin sarauta, amma wani lokacin kuma yana bayyana a cikin jumhuriya . Hakanan ana iya kiran daular a matsayin " **gida** ", " **iyali** " ko " **dangi** ", da sauransu.

Masana tarihi sun tsara tarihin jihohi da wayewa da yawa, irin su Iran Tsohuwar (3200-539 BC), Tsohuwar Masar (3100-30 BC), da tsohuwar daular China (2070 BC - AD 1912), ta hanyar amfani da tsarin daular da suka biyo baya. Don haka, ana iya amfani da kalmar “daular” don iyakance zamanin da iyali suka yi sarauta.

Kafin karni na 18, yawancin dauloli a ko'ina cikin duniya an yi la'akari da su bisa ga al'ada, kamar waɗanda ke bin dokar Salic na Faransa . A cikin siyasar da aka ba da izini, gado ta hanyar diya yakan kafa sabuwar daular a cikin sunan dangin mijinta. Wannan ya canza a duk sauran masarautu na Turai, inda dokokin maye gurbinsu da tarurruka suka ci gaba da yin suna *de jure* ta hanyar mace.

Siyasar dimokuradiyya ta ragu a tsawon lokaci, saboda raguwar sarauta a matsayin tsarin gwamnati, haɓakar dimokuradiyya, da raguwa a cikin dimokuradiyya na zaɓaɓɓun membobin da suka fito daga iyalai. 

## Kalmomi
Kalmar "daular" (daga Greek   , *dynasteía* "iko", "Ubangiji", daga *dynástes* "mai mulki")  wani lokaci ana amfani da shi ba bisa ka'ida ba ga mutanen da ba masu mulki ba amma, alal misali, 'yan uwa ne masu tasiri da iko a wasu wurare, kamar jerin masu mallakar babban kamfani, ko kowane iyali da ke da gado, kamar daular mawaƙa ko ƴan wasan kwaikwayo. Har ila yau, ana ba da shi ga mutanen da ba su da dangantaka, kamar manyan mawaƙa na makaranta ɗaya ko jerin sunayen kungiyoyi daban-daban na ƙungiyar wasanni guda ɗaya. 

Iyalin dynastic ko zuriya za a iya sanin su da "gida mai daraja",  wanda za a iya sawa a matsayin " sarauta ", " sarauta ", " sarauta ", " ducal ", " comital " ko " baronial ", dangane da shugaba ko na yanzu suna da membobinsa, amma ana kiransa sau da yawa ta hanyar ƙara sunan bayan haka, kamar a cikin " House of Habsburg ".

### Ma'anarsa

Wani lokaci ana kiran wani mai mulki daga daular a matsayin "daular", amma kuma ana amfani da wannan kalmar don kwatanta duk wani memba na iyali mai mulki wanda ke da 'yancin yin nasara a kan karaga . Misali, Sarki Edward na VIII ya daina zama daular House of Windsor bayan saukarsa.

A cikin nassoshi na tarihi da na masarautu game da iyalai masu mulki a baya, “daular” ɗan iyali ne wanda da zai sami haƙƙin gado, dokokin masarauta har yanzu suna aiki. Misali, bayan kisan gillar da aka yi wa Archduke Franz Ferdinand na Ostiriya a shekara ta 1914 da matarsa, an ketare dansu Maximilian, Duke na Hohenberg, don sarautar Austro-Hungary domin shi ba daular Habsburg ba ne. Ko bayan da aka soke sarautar Austriya, Duke Maximilian da zuriyarsa ba su yi la'akari da cewa sarakunan Austriya ba ne masu gaskiya ba, kuma ba su da'awar wannan matsayi.

## Manazarta
Machoi Glacier

**Glacier Machoi** yana da tsawon kilomita 9 a cikin yankin Himalayan a Jammu da Kashmir da Ladakh, Indiya.

## Tarihin kasa
Tana da nisan kilomita 30 yamma daga Drass, Ladakh, Indiya da kilomita 8 gabas daga Sonamarg a gefen kudu na NH 1D a Zojila. Yana kwance a matsakaicin tsayin mita 4800.
Mafi girman kololuwa mai suna bayan glacier shine Machoi Peak wanda ke gefen gabas na glacier, a tsayin mita 5458. Dusar kankara ita ce tushen kogin Sind wanda ke gudana zuwa yamma, da kogin Dras wanda ke gudana zuwa gabas.
Machoi, like many other Himalayan glaciers has been melting at alarming rates due to Global warming.

## Manazarta
Bikin Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Hammamet

**Hammamet International Festival**  biki ne na kaɗe-kaɗe da fasaha na shekara-shekara a birnin Hammamet da ke gaba  da teku a ƙasar Tunisiya.  An kafa shi a cikin shekarar 1964 kuma ana gudanar da shi a watan Yuli da watan Agusta a cikin filin wasan amphitheater  mai kujeru 1000 da ke kallon Tekun Hammamet.  Ma'aikatar Al'adu ce ta shirya shi wannan bikin na shekar shrkara, wanda ke gudana da kuma naɗa darekta. Tun daga shekarar 2014, Cibiyar da bikin suna ƙarƙashin jagorancin Kamel Ferjani. A cikin shekarar 1980s, Ute Lemper, Mikis Theodorakis, Miriam Makeba sun bayyana, kuma kwanan nan, Victoria Abril, Emir Kusturica, Tina Arena, Anouar iBrahem, Raouf Ben Yaghlane, Leila Hjaiej da ƙungiyar rap na Farasa IAM4 sun bayyana.

## Manazarta
Haserich

**Haserich** wani  ne - wata karamar hukuma ce ta , karamar hukuka - a cikin gundumar Cochem-Zell a Rhineland-Palatinate, Jamus . Yana cikin  na Zell, wanda wurin zama yake a cikin garin Zell an der Mosel .

## Yanayin ƙasa
Garin yana cikin Hunsrück a cikin kwarin da ya nutse na Flaumbach kusa da Bundesstraße 421.

## Tarihi
A cikin shekara ta 1504, Haserich ya sami ambaton rubuce-rubuce na farko. A ranar 20 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1690, a lokacin Yaƙin Shekaru Tara (wanda aka sani a Jamus da *Pfälzischer Erbfolgekrieg*, ko War of the Palatine Succession), sojojin Faransa sun kwace Haserich, kuma an ƙone shi. Counts na Sponheim sun rike ikon kotun a cikin *Hasericher Pflege* (kimanin "Haserich haɓaka") har zuwa shekara ta 1788. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Haserich ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1815 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. A karkashin Verwaltungsvereinfachungsgesetz ("Dokar Sauƙaƙe Gudanarwa") na 18 ga Yulin 1970, tare da tasiri daga 7 ga Nuwamba 1970, an haɗa karamar hukumar cikin  na Zell .

## Siyasa

### Majalisar birni
Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 6 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaɓa ta hanyar kuri'un da suka fi yawa a zaɓen birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yunin shekara ta 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban.

## Al'adu da yawon shakatawa
Waɗannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments:

* Chapel na Saint Michael (*Kapelle St. Michael*) - Coci da ba shi da iyaka, 1932
* Hauptstraße 7 - *Quereinhaus* (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi); ginin katako, wani ɓangare mai ƙarfi, karni na 17 ko 18, yana ɗauke da shekara ta 1784 (sabuntawa) 

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari (a cikin Jamusanci)
Ƙungiyar Kanada don Binciken HIV

**Ƙungiyar Kanada don Binciken HIV** (CAHR) ƙungiya ce da ke wakiltar bincike na cutar HIV/AIDS (kanjamau) a Kanada ko ta mutanen kasar Kanada. CAHR ta haɗa da duk masu bincike da dukkan nau'o'in hanyoyin kimiyya game da cutar HIV da AIDS (kanjamau), don manufar rigakafinta mafi kyau da magani kuma a ƙarshe don kawar da shi da magani. Ladabi da CAHR ke wakilta sun haɗa da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, ilimin cututtuka / lafiyar jama'a da kimiyyar zamantakewa.

Kimanin mutanen Kanada 65,000 suna rayuwa tare da kamuwa da cutar HIV (ciki har da AIDS) a cikin shekarar 2008. Bincike a fannin cutar kanjamau yana da matukar muhimmanci wajen yakar cutar, saboda ana samun sabbin cututtuka kusan 2,300 zuwa 4,300 a kowace shekara a kasar ta Kanada.

## Ƙudiri
Manufar CAHR ita ce inganta ingantaccen bincike a kan HIV; haɓaka haɗin gwiwa da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin al'ummomin bincike na HIV, gami da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, cututtukan cututtukan cuta & lafiyar jama'a, da kimiyyar zamantakewa; inganta ilimi da haɓaka sababbin masu bincike; da kuma samar da murya guda ɗaya ga masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau na Kanada da kuma haɗar da masu ruwa da tsaki daban-daban (al'umma, masana'antu, gwamnati, ƙungiyoyin sa-kai da dai sauransu) a cikin tattaunawa mai gudana da musayar ilimi don tabbatar da cewa binciken cutar HIV ya ci gaba da biyan bukatunsu.

## Majalisa
Majalisar CAHR ta kasu kashi biyu: Majalisar Zartarwa da Membobin Majalisa.

Shugaban kasa, tsohon shugaban kasa, zababben shugaban kasa, ma'aji da babban darakta.

Membobin majalisar sun haɗa da sakataren CAHR da wakilai daga al'umma, kimiyyar zamantakewa, kimiyyar asali, asibiti da annoba & lafiyar jama'a. Shugaban CAHR na yanzu shine Dr. Jonathan Angel. Shugabannin da suka gabata sun hada da Martin Schechter, Catherine Hankins, Mark Wainberg, Michael O'Shaughnessy, Michel Alary, Ken Rosenthal, Liviana Calzavara, Ted Myers da William Cameron.

## Taron Kanada kan HIV/AIDS
Babban taron CAHR shine taron Kanada na shekara-shekara kan HIV/AIDS. Wannan taro shi ne wurin da masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau a Kanada ke gabatar da sakamakon ayyukansu tare da yin ayyukan musayar ilimi tare da takwarorinsu da kuma masu bincike a wasu fannoni da kuma al'ummar HIV/AIDS. Taron yawanci yana farawa ne da lacca mai suna Mark Wainberg, jagora a Binciken Kanjamau na Kanada. Malamin shekarar 2011 Mark Wainberg shine James Orbinski. Ana gudanar da taron kowace bazara kuma wurin ya bambanta kowace shekara.

## Manazarta
Tellig

**Tellig** wani *Ortsgemeinde* ne - wata ƙaramar hukuma ce ta *Verbandsgemeinde*, karamar hukuka - a cikin gundumar Cochem-Zell a Rhineland-Palatinate, Jamus . Yana cikin  na Zell, wanda wurin zama yake a cikin garin Zell an der Mosel .

## Yanayin ƙasa
Garin yana cikin arewacin Hunsrück kimanin kilomita 5 daga kogin Moselle, kusa da Bundesstraße 421.&nbsp;

## Tarihi
A cikin shekara ta 1275, Tellig ya fara ambaton rubuce-rubuce a matsayin *Tellich* . Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Tellig ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin shekara ta 1815 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . A ma'adinin *Theodor bei Tellig* a farkon karni na 20, an yi aiki da ma'adanai na gubar da zinc. Ginin Althaus kusa da Tellig an gina shi ne a cikin shekara ta 1937 ta *Reichsarbeitsdienst* (RAD). Tun daga shekara ta 1946, Tellig ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. A ƙarƙashin Verwaltungsvereinfachungsgesetz ("Dokar Sauƙaƙe Gudanarwa") na 18 ga Yulin 1970, tare da tasiri daga 7 ga Nuwamba 1970, an haɗa karamar hukumar cikin  na Zell .

## Siyasa

### Majalisar birni
Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 6 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar ƙuri'un da suka fi yawa a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yunin shekara ta 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugabar.

### Mai girma
Magajin garin Tellig shine Sabine Liesegang-Zirwes, kuma mataimakanta sune Christof Daubner da Ralf Dillenburger . 

### Alamar makamai
Ana iya bayyana makamai na gari kamar haka: Vert wani fess countercomony na goma gules da argent tsakanin, a cikin shugaban, Papal Tiara da mitre da aka sanya hannu tare da gicciye a fess, kuma mai ba da izini daga tushe zaki mai tsayi da aka yi kambi, duk Or

## Al'adu da yawon shakatawa

### Gine-gine
Waɗannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments:

* Cocin Katolika na Saint Cornelius da Saint Cyprian (Kirche St. Cornelius und Cyprianus), Hauptstraße 16 - cocin zauren Gothic Revival guda uku, 1862-1865, masanin gine-gine Vincenz Statz, Cologne; campanile, 1933; duk wani hadaddun tare da rectory da barn
* Hauptstraße - maɓuɓɓugar basalt, alama a shekara ta 1720
* A Hauptstraße 16 - shagon Ikklisiya; gini mai laushi tare da windows, karni na 15, bangon gwiwoyi na katako, ƙofar da aka yi alama 1706; duk rikitarwa tare da coci da rectory
* Hauptstraße 17 - tsohon rectory; gini mai laushi, tsakiyar karni na 19; duk wani hadaddun tare da coci da shago 

## Tattalin arziki da ababen more rayuwa

### Sufuri
Tellig yana kudu da Bundesstraße 421 wanda za'a iya isa garin Zell, wanda ke kwance kusan kilomita 10, da kuma tashar jirgin ƙasa ta *Bullay (DB) * a kan layin jirgin ƙasa na Koblenz-Trier, kilomita 15.&nbsp;&nbsp;

## Manazarta
Bikin Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Sahara

**Bikin ƙasa da ƙasa na Sahara** biki ne na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a birnin Douz na ƙasar Tunisiya.

## Tarihi
Bikin, wanda ake kira *bikin Raƙumi*, ya fara ne a shekara ta 1910 lokacin da Tunisiya ke ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin shekarar 1967 ta ɗauki matsayinta na zamani bisa ga nufin Habib Bourguiba, shugaban Tunisiya na farko na sabuwar jamhuriya, ya zama bikin mafi daɗewa kuma mafi shahara a ƙasar. M'hammed Marzougui, wanda ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa don faɗakar da mutane da kuma jin daɗin rayuwar makiyaya da al'adun gargajiya, shi ne ya fi ɗaukar nauyin kafa bikin. Tun daga wannan lokacin, a kowace shekara a ƙarshen watan Disamba na tsawon kwanaki huɗu, dubban mutane, galibi daga ko'ina cikin Tunisiya da sauran ƙasashen Maghrebien, ke yin tururuwa zuwa Douz.

## Biki
Bayan bikin buɗe taron, manyan abubuwan sun faru ne a filin wasa na H'naiech da ke gaban hamada da ke kewaye da tantunan Bedouin. Marathon raƙumi, *fantasia* - dawakan Larabawa masu ƙwanƙwasa mahaya masu tsoro, auren Badawiyya, karnukan farautar hamada na *sloughi* - kama zomaye sune manyan abubuwan.

Da yamma, ƙungiyoyin ƙasashen da suka ziyarta suna yin waƙoƙi da raye-raye. Babban taron shine gasar waƙar da mawaƙin hamada Abdellatif Belgacem ke gudanarwa. 

Bikin ya zama muhimmin taron yaɗa labarai da yawon bude ido da masu ɗaukar hoto da 'yan jarida daga ko'ina cikin duniya suka biyo baya.

## Manazarta
File Under Miscellaneous (fim)

**Fim din File Under Miscellaneous** ɗan gajeren fim ne na Kanada na 2010, wanda Jeff Barnaby ya rubuta, ya ba da umarni, gyara, kuma ya haɗa shi.[1] Fim ɗin almara na kimiyyar dystopian, yana tauraro Glen Gould a matsayin mutumin Mi'kmaq wanda ya gaji da fuskantar wariyar launin fata na anti-First Nations, kuma an yi masa tiyata mai ban tsoro don zama fari.

Fim ɗin da aka fara a 2010 Toronto International Film Festival, kuma ya sami lambar yabo ta Genie Award for Best Live Action Short Drama a 31st Genie Awards.

## Manazarta
Sbeitla's Spring Festival

**Bikin Sbeitla's Spring International Festival** (Larabci: ***مهرجان ربيع سبيطلة الدولي*** ), biki ne na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a Sbeitla, Tunisiya, tun shekara ta 2000. Abubuwan da suka faru suna faruwa ne a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na zamanin Romawa na Sbeitla kuma bikin ya ƙunshi kayatattun wasannin gargajiya da kasidu daga Tunisiya, da ƙasashen Larabawa da Turai.   

## Manazarta
Bernadette Swinnerton

**Bernadette Swinnerton** tsohon ɗan tseren keke ne na Ingilishi. Ta zo na biyu a tseren titin World Championship na 1969 a Czechoslovakia, 1m 10s bayan Audrey McElmury.

## Hawan Keke
Baya ga lambar azurfa a gasar cin kofin duniya ta UCI Road a shekarar 1969 ta lashe gasar tseren guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle ta Burtaniya hudu a gasar tsere. Ta kuma kasance zakaran tseren ciyawa na kasa a 1968, 1970, 1971.

## Ahali
An haifi Bernardette Swinnerton a Fenton, Stoke-on-Trent a lokacin 1951, ɗan fari a cikin yara bakwai. Iyalin Swinnerton dangin keke ne, Swinnerton Cycles an kafa shi a cikin 1915, a Victoria Road, Fenton, Stoke-on-Trent. Roy Swinnerton (1925-2013 kuma zakaran ciyawa na kasa a 1956) da matarsa Doris (née Salt) sun karbi shagon a shekarar 1956 kuma suka kafa kungiyar wasan keke mai suna Stoke ACCS a lokacin 1970.

Brotheran uwan Bernadette Paul ya kasance zakaran tseren Burtaniya sau uku, 'yar uwarta Catherine ta kasance zakaran tseren kan titin Burtaniya sau biyu, Margaret, Mark da Bernard duk 'yan wasan Burtaniya ne kuma Frances kuma ta yi takara a kulob din.

## Aiki
Bernardette Swinnerton ta yi ritaya bayan shekaru 40 na koyarwa, inda ta shafe shekaru 17 na ƙarshe na aikinta a matsayin shugabar makaranta a Blythe Bridge, Stoke-on-Trent. Tana da ‘ya’ya 3 da jikoki 4.

## Manazarta
Bikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Carthage

The **Carthage Theater Days** ko **Journées Théâtrales de Carthage** ("Carthage Theater days")   bikin wasan kwaikwayo ne wanda gwamnatin Tunisiya ta shirya wanda aka fara a shekarar 1983. Da yake faruwa a kowace shekara biyu, wannan bikin wasan kwaikwayo ya canza tare da bikin Fim na Carthage.

## Manazarta
Imbalu

**Imbalu** bikin kaciyar jama'a ne da al'ummar Bamasaba na Uganda ke yi. Yana faruwa a wurin al'adun Mutoto (wanda ake kira Mutoto cultural ground) kusa da Mbale a gabashin Uganda.  Yawanci yana aiki a cikin wata na 8 na kowace shekara. Ana kyautata zaton ƙasa ce wurin da aka yi wa Mugishu (Mumasaba) na farko kaciya. Wannan al'amari na al'umma yana da raye-raye da abinci. An inganta bikin sosai a matsayin wurin yawon buɗe ido, kuma dubun dubatar mutane ne suka halarta.   Imbalu shine farkon fara samar da yara maza zuwa balaga kuma a kowace shekara, ɗaruruwan yara maza masu shekaru 16 zuwa sama suna cancantar shiga Imbalu.  A cikin shekarar 2022, kimanin yara maza 6,000 ne suka fara zama balagaggu yayin bikin al'adu da ke faruwa kowace shekara.  Wannan shi ne saboda bikin bai faru ba tun a shekarar 2020 lokacin da Uganda ta kulle saboda ɓarkewar cutar ta COVID-19. 

Tsohuwar al’adar ta bayyana tare da haɗa kan al’ummar yankin Bugisu da suka haɗa da Bamasaba na gundumomin Mbale, Manafwa, Bulambuli, Sironko da Bududa.  Domin an yi imani da cewa zuriyar Masaba ne. 

## Duba kuma

* Mutane da sunan Gisu
* Kaciya a Afirka
* Dominica Dipio

## Manazarta
Shimunenga

**Shimunenga** biki ne na mutanen Ba-Ila na Maala a gundumar Namwala, kasar Zambia. 

Ana yin bikin ne a ƙarshen mako na cikakken wata a watan Satumba ko Oktoba. Sunan ta ne bayan fitaccen jarumi Shimunenga, wanda ya yi nasara a yakin da aka yi da ɗan uwansa. 

Da sanyin safiyar ranar farko, mutane suna taruwa a hubbaren Shimunenga, domin rera wakokin gargajiya. Haka kuma ana gudanar da tattakin al'adu na mata da 'yan mata a cikin kayan gargajiya, sannan kuma ana gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo na raye-rayen gargajiya.

Washegari da safe, ana busar ganga da kuma dabbobi zuwa bakin wannan kogin, inda ake baje kolin shanu kamar yadda aka saba. Shanun da za su fara ketare kogin su ne na mai kula da haramin. Hakan ya biyo bayan zanga-zangar farautar zaki da kamun kifi. An yi bikin ne da wakokin gargajiya na girmamawa da yabo ga ruhin kakannin Shimunenga. Ana ci gaba da shagulgulan biki a ƙauyen tare da ramuka na barasa na gargajiya a wurare daban-daban

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Namwala Cultural and Traditional Trust 

## Manazarta
Bikin fina-finai na Hotuna na Duniya na Mata

**Bikin fina-finai na Hotuna na Duniya na Mata** ( ***IIFF*** ) bikin fina-finai ne a duniya na shekara-shekara da aka kafa a shekarar 2002 a Harare na Zimbabwe. Shi ne bikin fina-finai na mata ɗaya tilo a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara.

Marubuciya kuma mai shirya fina-finai 'yar ƙasar Zimbabwe Tsitsi Dangarembga ta kafa IIFF domin nuna murnar nasarorin da mata masu shirya fina-finai suka samu, tare da sauya wakilcin mata a fim.  Dangarembga da mata masu shirya fina-finai na Zimbabwe ne ke gudanar da bikin, kuma a yanzu ana gudanar da shi duk shekara a watan Nuwamba, inda ake nuna fina-finai a Harare, Bulawayo da Chimanimani.

An gudanar da bikin IIFF karo na 16 a watan Agustan 2017 a matsayin bikin haɗin gwiwa tare da haɗin gwiwar bikin fina-finai na ƙasa da ƙasa karo na 19 na Zimbabwe.   Taken taron IIFF karo na 17, wanda aka gudanar a babban ɗakin kallo na ƙasar Zimbabwe a watan Agustan shekarar 2018, shi ne 'Reach Out'. Film ɗin budewa shine *She is King*. Sauran fina-finan da aka haska sun haɗa da *Mukanya*, *shugabar mata*, *da matsin lamba*, *wani ya tafa min* da kuma *sautin shiru*.

## Manazarta
Akoko (gidan cin abinci)

**Akoko** gidan cin abinci ne na yammacin Afirka mai lambar yabo ta Michelin Star a London.    

Gidan cin abinci na farko ya jagoranci tsohon MasterChef: The Professionals semi-finalist William Chilila, wanda ya tashi a matsayin shugaban chef a watan Fabrairun 2021.  Ayo Adeyemi ne ya maye gurbinsa.

Iyalan Adeyemi da Akokomi Dukansu Yarabawa ne kuma asalinsu sun fito ne daga Najeriya, kuma Adeyemi ya ba da misali da abinci da kayan abinci na Najeriya, Ghana, Senegal da Gambiya suna tasiri wajen dafa shi. 

## liyafa
An bawa Akoko lambar yabo ta Michelin Star a karon farko a cikin 2024. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin gidajen cin abinci na Afirka
* Jerin gidajen cin abinci masu tauraro na Michelin a cikin Babban London

## Manazarta
Chishuru

**Chishuru** gidan cin abinci ne na Afirka mai lambar yabo ta Michelin-Star a London, United Kingdom. 

Chishuru ya fara ne a matsayin gidan cin abinci na wata uku a unguwar Brixton na London, kafin ya koma wurinsa na dindindin a unguwar Fitzrovia. 

## liyafa
An ba wa gidan abincin suna *Time Out mafi kyawun gidan abinci na London* na shekara ta 2022.  Tare da lambar yabo ta Michelin Star ta Chishuru a cikin shekarar 2024, maigidan kuma shugaban Chef Adejoké Bakare ta zama bakar fata ta farko da ta samu wannan karramawa a Burtaniya.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin gidajen cin abinci na Afirka
* Jerin gidajen cin abinci masu tauraro na Michelin a cikin Babban London

## Manazarta
Yankin Ƙauyen Baghestan (Ƙasar Bavanat)

**Yankin Ƙauyen Baghestan (Ƙasar Bavanat)** (Farisi: دهستان باغستان) yana cikin tsakiyar gundumar Bavanat, lardin Fars, Iran. Babban birninta shine ƙauyen Jeshniya.

## Alƙaluma

## '''Adadi'''
A lokacin ƙidayar jama'a ta shekara ta 2006, yawan mazauna karkara ya kai 4,200 a cikin gidaje 1,078. Akwai mazauna 3,913 a cikin gidaje 1,116 a wannan ƙidayar ta 2011. Ƙididdigar 2016 ta auna yawan mutanen gundumar a matsayin 4,410 a cikin gidaje 1,401. Mafi yawan ƙauyuka 47 shine Fakhrabad, mai mutane 1,082.

## Kalli kuma
Fotal din iran

## Manazarta
Reshika Udugampola

**Reshika Amali Udugampola** (an haife shi 13 Nuwamba 1993) tsohon ɗan wasan ninkaya ne kuma mai kula da wasanni. Har ila yau, ita ce sakatariyar kwamitin wasannin Olympics ta kasa na Hukumar 'yan wasa ta Sri Lanka kuma tana aiki a cikin karamin kwamiti na tallace-tallace na kwamitin Olympics na kasa da kasa.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Reshika a Colombo, Lardin Yamma. Da farko ta halarci Kwalejin Southlands, Galle yayin da iyayenta biyu ke aiki a Galle. Daga baya ta koma Kwalejin Gateway, Colombo bayan danginta sun ƙaura daga Galle zuwa Colombo.[5]

## Aiki
Reshika ya fara ninkaya yana da shekaru takwas a shekara ta 2003 a Galle. Ta bi sha'awar wasan ninkaya irin ta 'yar uwarta. An bayyana cewa Likitoci sun shawarci ‘yar uwarta da ta rika yin iyo a matsayin maganin cutar asma. Tun daga wannan lokacin, Reshika kuma ta shiga aikin ninkaya tare da 'yar uwarta.

Ta lashe kambunta na farko na kasa a shekara ta 2010 a tseren tseren mita 100 na mata a gasar ninkaya ta kasa kuma Manoj Abeysinghe ne ya horar da ta wanda ya yi tasiri a Reshika ta kai matsayin Olympic. Ta yi takara a gasar malam buɗe ido na mita 50 na mata a gasar ninkaya ta duniya ta 2010.[6] Ta wakilci Sri Lanka a gasar cin kofin ruwa ta duniya a shekarar 2011 kuma ita ce mace daya tilo da ta fafata a gasar daga Sri Lanka. A lokacin gasar ruwa ta duniya a shekarar 2011, ta fafata a gasar tseren mita 100 na mata da kuma a cikin wasannin malam buɗe ido na mita 50.

Ta wakilci Sri Lanka a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 wanda kuma shine farkonta kuma kawai fitowarta a gasar Olympics mai wakiltar Sri Lanka. A lokacin gasar Olympics ta London ta 2012, ta shiga gasar tseren mita 100 na mata, inda ta kare a matsayi na 44 gaba daya a cikin zafi, ta kasa samun tikitin zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe. Kafin gasar Olympics, ta yi tafiya zuwa Ostiraliya kuma ta sami horo na musamman na shekara guda a Nunawadig Aquatic Club a Melbourne.

Bayan ta fafata a gasar Olympics ta 2012, an nada ta a matsayin sakatariyar hukumar wasannin motsa jiki ta NOCSL. An zabe ta ga kwamitin tallace-tallace na IOC daga yankin Kudancin Asiya. A cikin Oktoba 2020, an nada ta a cikin karamin kwamiti na tallace-tallace na kwamitin wasannin Olympics. Har ila yau, a halin yanzu ita ce cikakken ɗan kasuwa mai haɗe da wani kamfani na IT na duniya.

## Manazarta
Jack Rose

**Jack Joseph Rose** (an haife shi ranar 31 ga watan Janairu, 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United  ta Kasa.

### West Bromwich Albion
Rose ya fara aikinsa tare da kungiyar West Bromwich Albion, ya fara ci gaba  ta hanyar tsarin matasa kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a watan Yunin 2013.  A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, Rose ta sanya hannu ga kungiyar Accrington Stanley  a kan rancen wata daya bayan raunin da ya samu a wasansu da Aaron chapman da Jesse Joronen  ya fara buga wasa a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba a gasar cin kofin FA da Notts County,   .  Ya fara buga wasan kwallon kafa a ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba a  wasansu da Carlisle united  

Rose ya sanya hannu ga kungiyar Crawley Town a watan Maris na shekara ta 2016 a kan aro domin ida  sauran kakar. Ya buga wasanni biyar a kulob din. An saki Rose daga West Brom a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2017.

## Southampton
Rose ya koma Southampton a watan Agustan 2017 a kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda  kuma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu a watan Yunin 2018.  Ya shiga kungiyar walsali  a kan yarjejeniyar aro na tsawon lokaci a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2019. 

## Walsall
A watan Satumbar 2020, Rose ya sanya hannu kan kwangila ta dindindin a Walsall .  An saki Rose a ƙarshen kakar 2021-22.

## Sutton United
A ranar 1 ga Yulin 2022, Rose ya shiga kungiyar sutton United   ta League Two bayan ya baro kungiyar  Walsall .  A ranar 1 ga watan Agustan 2024, Rose ta shiga kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Arewacin Premier League Division One  a kan yarjejeniyar aro na tsawon lokaci.

## Kididdigar aiki

## Manazarta