open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Makarantar Sakandaren 'yan mata ta Tauheedul

Tauheedul Islam Girls' High School da Sixth Form College (**TIGHS**) makarantar sakandare ce ga 'yan mata a Beardwood, Blackburn, Ingila .  An kafa ta ne ta hanyar amincewar sadaka Tauheedul Islam Faith, Education and Community Trust  (wanda yanzu ake kira Star Academies). Yana aiki a matsayin babbar makarantar amincewa.

## Tarihi
An buɗe makarantar a matsayin makarantar mai zaman kanta a watan Satumbar 1984 tare da malamai shida da dalibai 96. Makarantar ta bayyana cewa ginin farko "ya tsufa sosai" ne a lokacin.

A shekara ta 2005, makarantar ta zama makarantar musulmi ta farko a Arewa maso Yamma. A baya ya kasance makarantar mai zaman kanta. Makarantar ta kasance nasara a teburin gasar makaranta, tare da kashi 82% na ɗalibai da suka sami GCSEs biyar ko fiye a aji C ko sama a cikin 2007, idan aka kwatanta da matsakaicin ƙasa na 46.7%.

A watan Satumbar 2013 makarantar ta koma sabon harabar a yankin Beardwood . 

A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2014 makarantar ta zama makarantar kimiyya.

## Tufafin ɗalibai da halayyar mutum
Ya zuwa watan Satumbar 2013 kashi 10% na daliban makarantar na shida suna sanye da niqabs. A cikin wannan watan, jaridar Sunday Times ta wallafa wani labari da ke nuna cewa an tilasta wa 'yan mata su sa hijabi a waje da makaranta. A mayar da martani, Mufti Hamid Patel, shugaban makarantar, ya ce "Ba daidai ba ne a ce 'an tilasta' dalibai su sa hijabi a waje da makaranta".

A ranar 17 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2014, jaridar Sunday Times ta wallafa wata kasida da ke kwatanta 'canji mai ban mamaki a makarantar 'yan mata ta Tauheedul Islam' kuma ta lissafa canje-canje da makarantar ta yi. Wadannan sun hada da ka'idojin bincike masu tsauri ga masu magana na waje, ba a buƙatar 'yan mata su sa hijabs, da kuma gayyatar masu magana da yawa daga dukkan addinai don yin magana da ɗalibansa.

## Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa
A watan Janairun shekara ta 2014, an zabi makarantar don lambar yabo ta Ayyuka zuwa Ilimi a Kyautar Musulmi ta Burtaniya.

## Rahotanni na Ofsted

* 2006 - Da kyau 
* 2010 - Mai ban mamaki
* 2012 - Mai ban mamaki
* 2014 - Mai ban mamaki
* 2022 - Mai ban mamaki

A cikin 2023, kashi 94% na dalibai sun sami "mai karfi" a cikin GCSE Turanci da Lissafi, kashi 97% na dalibai suka sami daidaitattun wucewa, kuma matsakaicin matsayi a cikin batutuwan Baccalaureate na Turanci ya kasance 7.4. 

## Sakamakon GCSE
A cikin 2024, kashi 90% na dalibai sun sami "mai karfi" a cikin GCSE Maths da Ingilishi, kuma kashi 94% sun sami "ma'auni". Matsakaicin matsayi a cikin batutuwan Baccalaureate na Turanci ya kasance 7.0.

A cikin 2024, kashi 90% na dalibai sun sami "mai karfi" a cikin GCSE Maths da Ingilishi, kuma kashi 94% sun sami "ma'auni". Matsakaicin matsayi a cikin batutuwan Baccalaureate na Turanci ya kasance 7.0.

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje
 

* 
** Makarantar 'yan mata ta Tauheedul Islama (archive) 
* Tauheedul Addinin Musulunci, Ilimi da Amincewa da Al'umma  (TIFECT)
Madinatul Uloom Al Islamiya

**Madinatul Uloom Al Islamiya** (MTU) kwalejin shiga musulunci ne a cikin gundumar Worcestershire kusa da Kidderminster, Ingila . Yana daya daga cikin makarantun tauhidi na farko na Islama ga yara maza bayan Darul Uloom Bury, dukansu biyu marigayi masanin Yusuf Motala ne ya kafa su. An kafa shafin ne a matsayin kwalejin kwana na mata a shekarar 1987 (a halin yanzu Jaamiatul Imaam Muhammad Zakaria  wanda ke zaune a Bradford) sannan aka sake kafa shi a matsayin kwaleji na yara maza a shekarar 1992.

Madinatul Uloom tana koyar da dalibai masu shekaru daga 11 zuwa 18 a sashin makaranta kuma tana da wuraren shiga da wuraren ilimi mafi girma ga masu koyo na kowane zamani.

A cikin 2015 makarantar ta fara gina sabon zauren,  wanda yanzu an kammala shi kuma ana amfani dashi don laccoci, gwaje-gwaje, ayyukan addu'a da ayyukan nishaɗi. Wannan zauren kuma yana karɓar baƙi waɗanda suka zo don halartar bikin kammala karatun shekara-shekara na masu digiri daga Madinatul Uloom da Darul Uloom Bury.

## Kalmomin
madrasa ta ƙware wajen bayar da manyan hanyoyi guda biyu na hanyoyin ilimi tare da tsarin karatun makarantar Burtaniya wanda shine shirin Hifz da shirin Alimiyyah (bisa ga dars nizami).

Shirin Alimiyyah darasi ne mai zurfi na shekaru shida wanda ke da ƙwarewa a cikin zurfin nazarin batutuwa da yawa kamar su Tafsir na Islama, Hadith, Fiqh, Shari'a, Falsafa, Tarihi, tauhidin, Larabci na gargajiya da Alkur'ani.

## Shahararrun malamai da tsofaffi

* Abu Yusuf Riyadh ul Haq

## Manazarta
Makarantar Sakandaren 'yan mata Musulmi ta Preston

Preston Muslim Girls High School wata makarantar sakandare ce da ke yankin Deepdale na Preston a cikin gundumar Ingila ta Lancashire . 

An kafa shi a cikin 1989 a matsayin makarantar Musulunci mai zaman kanta ga 'yan mata. A shekara ta 2011 ta zama makarantar taimakon sa kai da kuma wani ɓangare na bangaren da ke da tallafin jihar wanda Majalisar Birnin Preston ke gudanarwa.

GCSEs da BTECs na makarantar sakandare ta mata ta Preston a matsayin shirye-shiryen karatu ga ɗalibai. 'Yan mata a makarantar kuma suna da zaɓi don shiga cikin shirin Duke na Edinburgh. 

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na makarantar sakandare ta mata ta Preston
Sakafia Babban Makarantar Musulunci

Sakafia Islamic Senior High School (wanda aka fi sani da Sakafiya Islamic SHS ko **SAKISCO**) wata cibiyar da ta haɗu ta biyu ce da ke Ayigya a cikin Gundumar Asokore Mampong Municipal a Yankin Ashanti na Ghana   A watan Janairun 2025, shirin aquaponics na makarantar ya lashe lambar yabo ta Zayed Sustainability Prize Global High Schools Award.

## Tarihi
An kafa makarantar ne a shekara ta 2003.  Ya zuwa 2025, Mohamed Shahid shine Shugaban makarantar kuma Shugaban makarantar.

A cikin 2024, makarantar ta rasa gasar Inter-School da Kwalejin Kwallon Kafa (Boys) ta yankin Ashanti ta 2023/24 zuwa makarantar sakandare ta Kumasi Anglican . 

## Kyaututtuka da karbuwa
A cikin 2019, Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta rarraba gadaje, mattresses da kujeru ga Makarantar Sakafia da sauran cibiyoyin sake zagayowar na biyu a Ghana.

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, makarantar ta amfana daga Asusun Ci gaban Zongo .  A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2022, makarantar ta shiga cikin Kimiyyar Kimiyya da Lissafi na Kasa.

A cikin 2024, makarantar ta sake shiga cikin National Science and Maths Quiz . 

A cikin 2025, aikin aquaponics na makarantar wanda aka tsara don bincika rashin tsaro na abinci an ba shi lambar yabo ta Zayed Sustainability ta 2025 a cikin Makarantun Sakandare na Duniya - rukunin Afirka ta Kudu.   Kafin makarantar ta karbi kyautar, makarantar ta yi gasa da makarantar sakandare ta St Kizito daga Namugongo, Uganda; da kuma Kwalejin Gidauniyar Mpesa daga Kenya.

## Manazarta
Gidauniyar Harshen Italiyanci

An kafa **Gidauniyar [[Italiyanci|Harshen Italiyanci]]** (**ILF**) a ranar 3 ga Yuli, 2008, don ingantawa da tallafawa ilimin harshen Italiyanci a Amurka kuma musamman don sake dawo da shirin Advanced Placement (AP) na Kwamitin Kwalejin AP na Harshen Italiya da Al'adu. 

Margaret I. Cuomo, MD, ne suka kafa tushe, a halin yanzu shugaban ILF, da Louis A. Tallarini, shugabanta. Cuomo, tana aiki tare da mahaifiyarta, Matilda Raffa Cuomo, tsohuwar Uwargidan Shugaban Jihar New York, ta samu nasarar ba da shawara ga Kwamitin Kwalejin don haɓaka da aiwatar da shirin AP a cikin Harshe da Al'adu na Italiyanci, wanda aka ƙaddamar a shekara ta 2005, amma an dakatar da shi bayan shekara ta 2008-2009 saboda dalilai na kasafin kuɗi.

ILF ta yi aiki tare da manyan kungiyoyin masu zaman kansu na Italiyanci da Amurka da malamai da ke da sha'awar yaren Italiyanci, kamar su Ƙungiyar Malaman Italiyanci ta Amurka (AATI)  da Majalisar Amurka kan Koyar da Harsunan Kasashen Waje (ACTFL), da kuma Jamhuriyar Italiya, don wayar da kan jama'a da kudade don tallafawa aikinta. Baya ga alkawarin $ 1,500,000 da Jamhuriyar Italiya ta yi, Gidauniyar Columbus Citizens,  masu shirya bikin Columbus Day Parade na shekara-shekara na Birnin New York, sun yi alkawarin sama da $ 500,000 don tallafawa sake dawo da shirin AP Italiyanci. 

A ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 2010, Kwamitin Kwalejin ya ba da sanarwar cewa za a sake dawo da shirin AP Italiyanci tun daga farkon shekara ta 2011, tare da jarrabawar AP Italiyancin farko da aka shirya don Mayu 2012.

## Dubi kuma

* Ci gaba da sanya harshen Italiyanci da Al'adu

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

*
Makarantar yaren Hindi

Makarantu na harshen Hindi sune makarantun harshe da suka kware wajen koyar da Hindi a matsayin harshen waje ga masu magana da wasu harsuna. Akwai nau'ikan makarantu daban-daban na harshen Hindi bisa ga reshen da aka mayar da hankali, masu sauraro da aka yi niyya, hanyoyin isar da koyarwa, yanayin al'adu, da kuma darussan zaɓaɓɓu.

## Asalin

Harshen Hindi na zamani shine yare na farko ko na biyu na yawancin mutanen da ke zaune a Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Chhattisgarh, Himachal Pradesh , Chandigarh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh Haryana, da Rajasthan .  Modern Standard Hindi yana daya daga cikin Harsunan hukuma na Indiya. Makarantu na Hindi suna inganta Hindi ta hanyar koyar da yara muhimmancin Hindi a cikin tattalin arziki da yanayin ƙasa. Tun daga shekara ta 2008, an bukaci malamai na Hindi musamman a New Jersey da Connecticut don cika mukaman koyarwa da nufin gasa. An ce Hindi "... shine sabon Mandarin ..." a cikin hasken gasa ta duniya tare da China. Binciken ya gano cewa Larabci, Mandarin, Rasha, Farisa da Hindi duk mahimman harsuna ne a cikin sabon karni.

## Manyan bukukuwan
Makarantu na Hindi galibi suna bikin bukukuwan Hindu a matsayin wani ɓangare na koyarwarsu. Wasu daga cikin manyan bukukuwan kamar Diwali da Holi suna daga cikin bukukuwan da ake yi bikin tare da bukukuwa.

## Tsarin karatu
Gabaɗaya, yawancin makarantun Hindi suna da babban manufa don rufe gibin tsakanin Indiya da al'adun Amurka. ya haɗa da ƙamus da ke gane mahimman ra'ayoyi kamar sunayen dabbobi, launuka, da sassan jiki. Wannan gabaɗaya ya haɗa da ƙwarewar tattaunawa, da karatu da rubutu Sanskrit da Devanagari.

## Manazarta

## Dubi kuma

* Makarantar yaren Larabci
* Makarantar Ibrananci
* Makarantar Sinanci
Kwalejin Yanayi

Kwalejin Meteorological (気象大学校, Kishō Daigakkō) wata Cibiyar ilimi ce da ke da alaƙa da Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Japan; manufarta ita ce horar da jami'an hukumar. Tana cikin Kashiwa, Chiba . An kafa makarantar a shekara ta 1922, kuma ana hayar ta a matsayin kwaleji na shekaru hudu a 1962.

## Haɗin waje

* Shafin yanar gizon hukuma (a cikin Jafananci)
Betsy Rawls

**Elizabeth Earle Rawls** (4 ga Mayu, 1928 - 21 ga Oktoba, 2023) ƙwararriyar 'yar wasan golf ce ' yar Amurka wadda ta buga wasa a LPGA Tour . Ta lashe manyan gasa takwas da kuma wasanni 55 na LPGA Tour. Ta kasance memba na World Golf Hall of Fame .

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Rawls 'yar Robert Miller da Mary Earle Rawls ce. An haife ta a Spartanburg, South Carolina, kuma ta ƙaura zuwa Arlington, Texas, a 1940. Ta ci gaba da kammala karatunta daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Lovelady kuma ta yi rajista a Kwalejin Noma ta North Texas (wanda yanzu take UT-Arlington ) a 1946 a matsayin babbar jami'ar kimiyyar lissafi. A matsayinta na ɗalibi ta farko, shugabannin malamai da na sashen sun amince da ita a matsayin "Who's Who" a fannin kimiyyar lissafi, kuma an zaɓe ta don ƙungiyar girmamawa ta Phi Kappa Theta .  A shekara mai zuwa Rawls ta koma Jami'ar Texas da ke Austin, inda ta kammala karatunta da digiri a fannin kimiyyar lissafi a 1950. 

## Aikin mai son sha'awa
Rawls ta fara wasan golf tun tana da shekaru 17. Ta lashe gasar Texas Amateur a 1949 da 1950. Ta kuma lashe gasar Trans-National ta 1949 da kuma gasar Broadmoor Invitational ta 1950. A 1950, ta kare a matsayi na biyu a gasar US Women's Open a matsayin mai son shiga gasar. 

## Sana'ar ƙwararru
Rawls ta zama ƙwararriya a shekarar 1951 kuma ta shiga LPGA Tour . Ta lashe gasarta ta farko a wannan shekarar a gasar cin kofin mata ta Sacramento . Ta ci gaba da lashe jimillar wasanni 55 a gasar LPGA Tour, ciki har da manyan gasa takwas. [1] A shekarar 1959, ta sami lambar yabo ta LPGA Vare Trophy don matsakaicin maki mafi ƙasƙanci. Ita ce babbar mai cin nasara a gasar a shekarun 1952 da 1959 kuma ta kare a cikin manyan goma a jerin 'yan wasa jimilla sau tara. Ta jagoranci gasar a nasarori uku, 1952 da takwas, 1957 da biyar (sun yi kunnen doki da Patty Berg ), da kuma 1959 da goma.

Rawls ita ce shugabar LPGA daga 1961 zuwa 1962. A shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka ƙirƙiri LPGA Tour Hall of Fame, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda aka fara zaɓensu. LPGA ta amince da shekarar shigarta cikin Hall of Fame of Women's Golf, 1960, a matsayin shekarar shigarta cikin LPGA Tour Hall of Fame da World Golf Hall of Fame . Bayan ta yi ritaya daga gasar a 1975, ta zama darektan gasa na LPGA Tour.  Daga 1987 zuwa 2004, ita ce darektan gasa na McDonald's LPGA Championship a DuPont Country Club .  A shekarar 1996, an zaɓe ta a matsayin lambar yabo ta Bob Jones, mafi girman girmamawa da Ƙungiyar Golf ta Amurka ta ba ta saboda girmamawa ga ƙwarewar wasanni a golf. 

## Mutuwa
Rawls ya mutu a Lewes, Delaware, a ranar 21 ga Oktoba, 2023, yana da shekaru 95.  

## Nasarorin ƙwararru

### Nasarorin LPGA Tour (55)

### MANAZARTA
Glover Morrill Allen

**Glover Morrill Allen** (8 ga Fabrairu, 1879 - 14 ga Fabrairu, 1942) masanin kimiyyar dabbobi ne na Amurka. 

An haife shi a Walpole, New Hampshire, ɗan Reverend Nathaniel Glover Allen da Harriet Ann (Schouler) Allen, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Harvard . Yayin da yake ɗalibi, Allen ya buga *The Tsuntsayen Massachusetts* da *A List of the Tsuntsayen New Hampshire* .  Bayan kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1901, an naɗa shi ma'aikacin laburare a Ƙungiyar Tarihin Halitta ta Boston, kuma a shekarar 1904, ya sami digirin digirgir daga Harvard.  Daga 1924, ya yi lacca a fannin ilmin dabbobi a Harvard kuma ya riƙe muƙamin Mai Kula da Dabbobi a Gidan Tarihi na Kwatancen Dabbobi .

Ya yi tafiye-tafiye sosai, zuwa Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka, zuwa Gabas da Yammacin Afirka, da Kogin Nil, da Kwango ta Beljium a matsayin memba na Harvard Medical African Expedition mai mutum takwas (1926–1927),  da kuma Ostiraliya a matsayin memba na Harvard Australian Expedition mai mutum shida (1931–1932) tare da ɗalibinsa, Ralph Nicholson Ellis. 

Littattafansa sun haɗa da: *Jemagu: Ilimin Halitta, Halayyar Halitta da Al'adu* (1939), wanda a lokacinsa ake ɗaukarsa a matsayin babban gabatarwa ga cututtukan da ke shafar jijiyoyin jini,   *Jerin Abubuwan Dabbobin Dabbobi na Afirka,* da *Dabbobin Dabbobi na China da Mongolia* . An zaɓe shi a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka a 1915,  kuma shugaban ƙungiyar masana dabbobi ta Amurka daga 1927 zuwa 1929. 

Ana tunawa da Allen a cikin sunayen kimiyya na nau'in nau'i biyu na kadangaru: Adolfus alleni da Bachia alleni .

## Duba kuma

* Taxa mai suna Glover Morrill Allen

## Manazarta
Makarantar Musulunci ta Gabas

**Makarantar Musulunci ta Gabas** wata makarantar Musulmi ce mai zaman kanta da ke Greyville, Durban, Afirka ta Kudu
**Makarantar Musulunci ta Gabas**, wacce aka fi sani da Gabas ko O.I.S., makarantar Musulunci ce mai zaman kanta a Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, Afirka ta Kudu . An kafa shi a 1959 ta Cibiyar Ilimi ta Musulunci ta Gabas (est. 1938), yana aiki da kimanin masu koyo 1,075 daga Grade RR zuwa Grade 12, yana ba da tsarin karatun biyu a ƙarƙashin tsarin CAPS na Afirka ta Kudu. 

## Tarihi
An samo ƙasa don harabar yanzu a Greyville a cikin 1955 biyo bayan shekarun da suka gabata na kokarin al'umma game da shingen zamanin wariyar launin fata. Asalin taimakon jihar, Gabas ta sami cikakken matsayi mai zaman kanta a cikin 1998 bayan nasarar tabbatar da ikon cin gashin kanta na doka a Babban Kotun KwaZulu-Natal a cikin 1996. 

## Shirin Ilimi
Makarantar ta bi tsarin karatun kasa da bayanin manufofin kimantawa (CAPS) kuma tana shirya masu koyo don jarrabawar Babban Takardar shaidar Kasa. Gabas ta ci gaba da samun ƙimar wucewa ta 99.5%, tare da keɓewa ta 94% ta wuce tsakanin masu karatun da ke cikin manyan masu wasan kwaikwayo a KwaZulu-Natal.

## Ilimi na Musulunci
Gabas ta ba da cikakken tsarin karatun Islama wanda ya haɗa da karatun Alkur'ani, Hifdh, Tajweed, Larabci, Fiqh, Aqeedah, da Seerah tare da Salah na yau da kullun.

## Gidajen

* Labs ɗin kwamfuta na Apple guda biyu da ɗakunan karatu na e-koyon
* Cikakken kayan aikin injiniya & zane-zane (EGD) Lab
* Lab na Kimiyya na Rayuwa
* Lab na Kimiyya na Jiki
* Cibiyar watsa labarai da ɗakin karatu na makaranta
* Musallah (gidan addu'a) da ɗakunan Hifdh
* Filin wasanni na Astroturf, kotunan kwando / netball, filin wasa na Foundation Phase
* Gidan makaranta, kantin sayar da tufafi, ba da shawara da wuraren jinya

## Ayyuka na bayan makaranta
Makarantar tana ba da:

* STEM wadata: lissafi / kimiyya Olympiads, coding, robotics (Maker & Digi labs) 
* Gasar Musulunci: Karatun Alkur'ani, jarrabawa
* Wasanni: ƙwallon ƙafa, ƙwallon ƙwallon, volleyball, yin iyo; yana shiga gasar AMS-SA
* Magana da jama'a, muhawara, shirye-shiryen fadakar da al'umma 

## Gudanarwa
Cibiyar Ilimi ta Musulunci ta Gabas ce ke jagoranta, makarantar ta sami izini daga Umalusi, ta yi rajista tare da Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta lardin, kuma memba ne na Ƙungiyar Makarantu Musulmai - Afirka ta Kudu.

## Hotuna

Fayil:Orient_Islamic_School-20140122.jpg|Orient Islamic School in 2014
Fayil:Orient_Islamic_School_from_out_side-20140122-00168.jpg|Orient Islamic School from Out Side in 2014
Fayil:Orient_Islamic_School_Entrance_Exit_on_John_Zikhali_Road-20140122-00164.jpg|Orient Islamic School Entrance / Exit on John Zikhali Road in 2014
Fayil:Orient_Islamic_School_Playground_in_2014.01.24-20140124.jpg|Orient Islamic School Playground in 2014


## Dubi kuma

* Musulunci a Afirka ta Kudu
* Ilimi a Afirka ta Kudu
* Ƙungiyar Makarantu Musulmi (SA) 

## Manazarta
 

## Haɗin waje

* Shafin yanar gizon hukuma
* Shafin hukuma na AMS-SA
Jagunço

A **jagunço**, daga harshen Portugal *zarguncho* (makami na asalin Afirka, kama da gajeren lasi ko *chuzo* ), ƙungiya ce mai makamai ko mai tsaron gida, yawanci masu gonaki da "kananan sojoji" suna ɗaukar hayar su a yankunan da ke bayan Brazil, musamman a Arewa maso Gabashin Brazil.  An ɗauke su aiki ne don kare ma'aikacinsu, babban mai mallakar ƙasa, daga mahara da maƙiyan mulkin mallaka, da kuma don sarrafa bayinsu da bayin da aka ba su izinin zama . Wasu manoma sun kafa nasu rundunonin sojoji masu zaman kansu tare da wasu jagunços masu ɗauke da makamai masu yawa. Akwai kuma jagunços masu lasifika ko 'yan amshin shata, waɗanda za a iya ɗaukar su aiki don rikice-rikice na ɗan lokaci, a matsayin 'yan banga, ko don kisan kai na kwangila . Tatsuniyar gida ta ce jagunços masu idanu masu launin rawaya suna da ban tsoro da inganci musamman.

Daga baya an faɗaɗa kalmar don sanya wa kowace irin 'yar fashi ko ɗan fashi na karkara suna, kamar " cangaceiros " (wanda Lampião shine mafi shaharar misali).  An kuma yi amfani da ita a matsayin kalma mai ɓatanci ga mazauna Canudos, ƙauye da shugaban addini mai sihiri kuma Almasihu Antônio Conselheiro ya kafa a yankunan da ke bayan jihar Bahia . An lalata ƙauyen a watan Oktoba na 1897 a lokacin Yaƙin Canudos .

## Manazarta
Robert E. Allen (mai kula da sadarwa)

**Robert Eugene Allen** (Janairu 25, 1935 - Satumba 10, 2016) ɗan kasuwan sadarwa ne na Amurka.

Ya kasance shugaban AT&T tsakanin 1986 da 1988. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin babban jami'in gudanarwa kuma shugaban kamfanin daga 1988 zuwa 1997.

An haife shi a Joplin, Missouri, Allen ya girma a New Castle, Indiana . Ya kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Wabash da ke Crawfordsville, Indiana tare da digirinsa na farko a kimiyyar siyasa a 1957. A lokacin da yake ɗalibi a Wabash, an fara shi zuwa reshen Indiana Beta na ƙungiyar Phi Delta Theta . 

An zaɓe Allen a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka a 1994.  Daga 1990 ya yi aiki a hukumar PepsiCo . Ya kuma yi aiki a hukumar gudanarwa ta Mayo Clinic .  Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Majalisar Kasuwanci a 1993 da 1994. 

## Manazarta
Walter R. Allen

Walter R. Allen masanin ilimin zamantakewa ne na Amurka wanda Farfesa ne mai ƙwarewa kuma Shugaban Allan Murray Carter a fannin Ilimi Mai zurfi a Jami'ar California, Los Angeles . Bincikensa ya yi la'akari da rashin daidaito a zamantakewa, bambancin ilimi mai zurfi da kuma yanayin iyali. Shi ne ke jagorantar nazarin dogon lokaci na CHOICES wanda ke nazarin halartar jami'o'i tsakanin 'yan Afirka da Latinos. Shi memba ne na Kwalejin Ilimi ta Ƙasa .

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Allen ya girma a birnin Kansas, Missouri a lokacin wariyar launin fata.  Yana cikin iyalin soja ba tare da uba ba, kuma mahaifiyarsa tana aiki a asibiti don kula da yara takwas.  Ya ce malamansa a Makarantar Sakandare ta Manual sun zaburar da shi ya halarci jami'a.  Ya kasance dalibin digiri na farko a Kwalejin Beloit, kuma ya koma Jami'ar Chicago don binciken digiri na uku. A Chicago, Edgar G. Epps ya ba Allen jagoranci.  Binciken digiri na uku ya binciki yadda launin fata, jinsi da matsayin tattalin arziki ke shafar matasa a makarantun Kudu.  Bayan ya sami digiri na uku, ya yi shekara guda a Jami'ar Howard a matsayin farfesa mai ziyara. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup> A shekarar 1978, ya shiga jami'ar Jami'ar North Carolina da ke Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin malaman farko na Baƙar fata. 

== Bincike da aiki ==
A shekarar 1979, Allen ya shiga jami'ar Michigan . An nada shi farfesa a shekarar 1988, kafin ya koma Jami'ar California da ke Los Angeles . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D; A UCLA, an ɗaukaka shi zuwa Farfesa Mai Daraja a 2008.  Bincikensa ya yi la'akari da kwatanta launin fata, ƙabila da rashin daidaito.  Ya kafa aikin CHOICES, wani bincike na dogon lokaci kan yadda rashin daidaiton zamantakewa ke shafar zaɓin rayuwa da damammaki.  CHOICES daga ƙarshe ya zama Cibiyar Gina Ƙarfin Aiki, wadda ke tallafawa jami'o'i marasa wadata.  Allen yana jagorantar shirin Horar da Ƙasashen Bazara don Ingantaccen Bincike a Ilimi tare da Kwalejin Spelman, Jami'ar Howard da Kwalejin Morehouse . Shirin yana ba wa ɗaliban kwalejoji da jami'o'i na baƙar fata na tarihi damar yin ayyukan bincike na bazara a UCLA. 

## Lambobin yabo da girmamawa

* 2002 American Sociological Association DuBois- Johnson-Frazier Award
* 2002 Association for the Study of Higher Education Special Merit Award
* 2008 American Educational Research Association Presidential Citation
* 2016 American Educational Research Association Distinguished Career Contribution Award
* 2018 Elected to the National Academy of Education
* 2020 Dr. John Hope Franklin Award
* 2022 Elected Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Allen yana auren Cathy R. Daniels, wanda yake da 'ya'ya huɗu da jikoki bakwai. 

## Littattafai da aka zaɓa

*  
*  
*  

## Manazarta
William Allen (mai ba da labari)

**William Allen** (2 ga Janairu, 1784 &#x2013; 16 ga Yuli, 1868) marubuci ne, masanin tarihi kuma masanin ilimi ɗan Amurka. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Jami'ar Dartmouth da Kwalejin Bowdoin .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi William Allen a Pittsfield, Massachusetts a shekarar 1784.  Ya kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Harvard da ke Cambridge a shekarar 1802 kuma bayan shekaru da dama na aiki ya zama mataimakin mai kula da laburare a Harvard. Ya zama Fasto na Pittsfield a shekarar 1810; Shugaban Jami'ar Dartmouth, 1817; da Shugaban Kwalejin Bowdoin 1820-1839. Shi ne ya fi daukar nauyin kafa Makarantar Likitanci ta Maine a Kwalejin Bowdoin a shekarar 1820. Ya yi murabus a shekarar 1839, ya kuma mutu a Northampton a shekarar 1868. 

Ya shirya littafinsa *na American Biography and Historical Dictionary* (1809), littafin farko na tarihin rayuwa gabaɗaya da aka buga a Amurka. A shekara ta 1810 ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin fasto na Cocin da ke Pittsfield. An zaɓi Allen a matsayin memba na American Antiquarian Society a shekara ta 1814.  An zaɓe shi shugaban Jami'ar Dartmouth a shekara ta 1818 kuma ya ci gaba har sai da Kotun Kwalejin Dartmouth ta rushe cibiyar a shekara ta 1819. A shekara ta 1820 ya je Kwalejin Bowdoin, wacce ya shugabanci har zuwa shekara ta 1839, lokacin da ya yi murabus ya kuma sadaukar da kansa ga karatun adabi. An zaɓe shi a matsayin Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences a shekara ta 1823. 

Ya tattara kalmomi 10,000 waɗanda ba su cikin ƙamus na yau da kullun ba, kuma ya buga su a matsayin ƙarin bayani ga Webster's Dictionary . Ya rubuta Junius Unmasked, wanda a ciki ya nemi ya tabbatar da cewa Lord Sackville shine marubucin wasiƙun Junius (Boston, 1828); Zabura da Waƙoƙi (1835); Memoirs na Dr. Eleazar Wheelock da na Dr. John Codman (1853); Jawabi a Ƙarshen Ƙarni na Biyu na Mazaunin a Northampton, Massachusetts (1854); Wunnissoo, ko kuma Vale of Housatonnuck, waƙa (Boston, 1856); laccar Dudleian a Cambridge; littafin Christian Sonnets (Northampton, 1860); Waƙoƙin Nazareth da Gicciye (1866); Waƙoƙi Masu Tsarki (1867); da ƙasidu da yawa, kuma ya ba da gudummawar labarai na tarihin rayuwa ga littafin Sprague's Annals of the American Pulpit . Duba Rayuwarsa, tare da Zaɓuɓɓuka daga Wasikunsa (Philadelphia, 1847).

## Manazarta sun
Piper Laurie

**Piper Laurie** (an haife ta **Rosetta Jacobs** ; Janairu 22, 1932 - Oktoba 14, 2023) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka. An san ta da rawar da ta taka a fina-finan *The Hustler* (1961), *Carrie* (1976), da *[[Children of a Lesser God (fim)|Children of a Lesser God]]* (1986), da kuma ƙaramin shirin *The Thorn Birds* (1983). Ta taka rawar Kirsten Arnesen a cikin shirin talabijin na asali na *Days of Wine and Roses*, da kuma Catherine Martell a cikin shirin talabijin *na Twin Peaks* .

Ta sami kyaututtuka daban-daban, ciki har da kyautar Primetime Emmy Award da lambar yabo ta Golden Globe, baya ga zaɓen da aka yi na kyaututtuka uku na Academy Awards da kuma lambar yabo ta BAFTA .

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Piper Laurie a Rosetta Jacobs a Detroit, Michigan, a ranar 22 ga Janairu, 1932.  Laurie ita ce ƙarama a cikin 'ya'ya mata biyu da aka haifa wa dillalin kayan daki Alfred Jacobs da matarsa, Charlotte Sadie ( née Alperin) Jacobs. Kakannin mahaifinta baƙi ne Yahudawa daga Poland kuma kakanninta na uwa sun yi ƙaura daga Rasha.   

A cikin tarihin rayuwarta ta shekarar 2011, *Learning to Live Out Loud*, Laurie ta ce an haife ta ne a cikin ɗakin kwana ɗaya na iyalinta a Titin Tyler da ke Detroit.  Domin yaƙi da kunyarta, iyayenta suna ba ta darussan magana na mako-mako.

Mahaifiyar Laurie da kakarta sun sanya babbar 'yar'uwar Laurie a wani wurin kula da marasa lafiya saboda asma. An aika Laurie don ta ci gaba da kasancewa tare da ita.  

## Sana'a
A shekarar 1949, Jacobs ta sanya hannu kan kwangila da Universal Studios, kuma ta canza sunan allonta zuwa Piper Laurie, wanda ta yi amfani da shi daga baya. Matsayinta na musamman a fim ɗin *Louisa* (1950) tare da Ronald Reagan, wanda ta yi soyayya na ɗan lokaci kafin aurensa da Nancy Davis . A cikin tarihin rayuwarta, ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta rasa budurcinta a gare shi.  Wasu rawa da dama sun biyo baya: *Francis Goes to the Races* (1951, tare da Donald O'Connor );  *Ɗan Ali Baba* (1951, tare da Tony Curtis );  da *Ain't Misbehavin*' (1955, tare da Rory Calhoun ). 

Domin ta goge hotonta, Universal Studios ta shaida wa masu sharhi kan tsegumi cewa Laurie ta yi wanka da madara kuma ta ci furannin fure don kare fatarta mai haske.  Saboda rashin manyan rawar da ta taka a fim,  ta koma birnin New York don yin karatun wasan kwaikwayo da kuma neman aiki a kan dandamali da talabijin.  Ta fito a cikin *Twelfth Night*, wanda Hallmark Hall of Fame ya shirya,  a cikin " Days of Wine and Roses " tare da Cliff Robertson, wanda *Playhouse 90* ya gabatar a ranar 2 ga Oktoba, 1958  (a cikin fim ɗin an taka rawar Jack Lemmon da Lee Remick ),  da kuma a cikin *Winterset*, wanda *Playhouse 90* ya gabatar a shekarar 1959. 

### MANAZARTA
Keith Bradley, Baron Bradley

**Keith John Charles Bradley, Baron Bradley**, PC (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Mayu 1950) ɗan siyasa ne na Jam'iyyar Labour ta Burtaniya kuma abokin aikinsa na rayuwa . Ya kasance ɗan Majalisar Dokoki ta Labour (MP) na Manchester Withington daga 1987 zuwa 2005.

## Rayuwar farko
Ya halarci Makarantar Grammar Bishop Vesey da ke Sutton Coldfield . Ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Aston, inda ya sami digiri na DipAcct a shekarar 1970. Daga Jami'ar Manchester Polytechnic (wanda yanzu Jami'ar Manchester Metropolitan ce ), ya sami digiri na farko a fannin Kimiyyar Zamantakewa a shekarar 1976. Daga Jami'ar York, ya sami digiri na uku a shekarar 1978.

Ya yi aiki a matsayin akawu mai hayar Charles Impey & Co daga 1969 zuwa 1973. Ya kasance jami'in bincike a Sashen Gidaje na Majalisar Birnin Manchester daga 1978 zuwa 1981. Daga 1981 zuwa 1987, ya kasance Sakataren Majalisar Lafiya ta Al'umma ta Stockport.

## Aikin majalisar dokoki
An fara zaɓensa a matsayin ɗan majalisar dokoki (MP) a zaɓen gama gari na 1987, bayan ya yi aiki a matsayin kansila a Old Moat Ward (Manchester) tun 1983. Bayan zaɓen gama gari na 1997, ya zama ƙaramin minista a Ma'aikatar Tsaron Jama'a, sannan ya zama Mataimakin Babban Mai Wuya kuma Ma'ajin Gidan Sarauniya a 1998. Ya kasance ƙaramin minista a Ofishin Cikin Gida na Shari'a, Hukunci, da Gyaran Shari'a daga 2001 zuwa 2002, sannan kuma ɗan majalisar wakilai na baya kuma memba na Kwamitin Zaɓen Lafiya. Shi memba ne na Majalisar Sirri . Bradley ya rasa kujerarsa a Majalisar Dokoki lokacin da ya sha kaye da kashi sama da 17% ga ɗan takarar Liberal Democrat, John Leech, a zaɓen gama gari na 2005 .

A watan Afrilun 2006 aka sanar da cewa Keith Bradley zai zama abokin aiki na tsawon rai a cikin House of Lords, kuma ya zama **Baron Bradley**, *na Withington a Gundumar Greater Manchester* a ranar 12 ga Yuni 2006.  Lord Bradley shi ma mai ba da shawara ne na musamman ga Shugaban ƙasa kuma Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Manchester .

A watan Oktoban 2006 aka sanar da cewa an naɗa Keith Bradley a matsayin darakta mara zartarwa na Asibitin Christie . An naɗa shi Shugaban Amintaccen a watan Mayun 2011.  A watan Fabrairun 2014 ya sanar da cewa zai yi murabus daga hukumar sakamakon rashin jituwa game da yadda ake tafiyar da dakatarwar Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Lord Bradley da matarsa, Rhona Bradley, suna da 'ya'ya maza biyu (Matthew da Jonathan) da kuma 'ya mace ɗaya (Rebecca). Ya auri Rhona Ann Graham a shekarar 1987. An soki shi saboda aika Jonathan zuwa Makarantar Grammar Manchester .  An kashe 'yar'uwarsa, Sally Bradley da abokin zamanta William (Billy) Harrop a ranar Lahadi 21 ga Afrilu yayin karin kumallo a ɗaya daga cikin Otal-otal a harin bam na Easter na Sri Lanka na 2019.  

## Manazarta
M. S. Gill

**Manohar Singh Gill** jami'in gudanarwa ne na Indiya a rukunin 1958 daga Punjab wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ministan wasanni da matasa kuma ministan kididdiga na Indiya . Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Babban Kwamishinan Zaɓe na 11 a Indiya . A lokacin da yake kwamishinan zaɓe, an gabatar da kuma aiwatar da EVMs waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a karon farko a Zaɓen Indiya . 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Manohar Singh Gill a ranar 14 ga Yuni, 1936 a Punjab, ƙasar Birtaniya . Ya halarci Kwalejin St. George da ke Mussoorie don karatunsa, sannan ya kammala karatunsa na digiri na farko a Kwalejin Gwamnati ta SCD da ke Ludhiana, sannan ya kammala karatunsa na digiri na uku a Jami'ar Panjab . Ya kuma kammala karatunsa na difloma a fannin ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge .   

## Aikin gwamnati da kuma aikin siyasa
A shekarar 1958, ya shiga Hukumar Gudanarwa ta Indiya a Punjab kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugabanni a wurare daban-daban a cikin mukamai daban-daban a Punjab har zuwa 1966 lokacin da aka yanke wa Punjab hukunci don sassaka jihohi daban-daban na Himachal Pradesh da Haryana . Mukaman da ya rike sun haɗa da alkalin ƙaramar hukuma a Mahendragarh, wanda yanzu yake Haryana, da kuma mataimakin kwamishinan gundumar Lahaul-Spiti a lokacin, wacce yanzu take Himachal Pradesh. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin sakataren noma na gwamnatin Punjab daga 1985 zuwa 1987 a ƙarƙashin Amarinder Singh, wanda a lokacin shine ministan noma na Punjab. 

An naɗa Gill a matsayin Kwamishinan Zaɓe na 11 a Indiya daga 1996 zuwa 2001, inda ya maye gurbin TN Seshan . Babban nasarar da ya samu ita ce gabatar da na'urorin zaɓe na lantarki, wanda ya rage aikata laifuka a wurare da dama. [ an buƙaci ambato ] An ba shi lambar yabo ta Padma Vibhushan saboda aikinsa a wannan mukami. [1] A bikin cika shekaru 300 na Khalsa, an ba shi lambar yabo ta Nishan-e-Khalsa .

Bayan ya yi ritaya daga hukumar zaɓe, ya shiga siyasa da Majalisar Dokokin Indiya ta Ƙasa . A shekara ta 2004, jam'iyyar ta zaɓe shi don zaɓen Rajya Sabha daga Punjab.   An sake zaɓe shi a shekara ta 2010 kuma ya ci gaba da aiki a matsayin memba nata har zuwa lokacin da ya yi ritaya bayan kammala wa'adinsa a ranar 9 ga Afrilu, 2016. A wani sauye-sauye da aka yi wa majalisar ministoci a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 2008, an zaɓe shi a majalisar ministocin ƙungiyar a matsayin Ministan Jiha (Independent Charge) a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Matasa da Wasanni .  

## Mutuwa
MS Gill ta mutu a ranar 15 ga Oktoba, 2023, tana da shekaru 87.  

## Littattafan da aka rubuta
A shekarar 1972, Gill ya rubuta littafin *Himalayan Wonder: Travels in Lahaul and Spiti*, inda ya ba da labarin zamaninsa a matsayin matashin IAS.  jami'i a gundumar Lahaul-and-Spiti, sannan a Punjab.  Ya rubuta wani littafi bisa ga wannan lokacin mai taken *Tales from the Hills: Lahaul's Enduring Myths and Legends* (2014). 

### MANAZARTA
Inch Park

**Inch Park** wani wurin shakatawa ne na jama'a a birnin Hamilton, Ontario, Kanada, wanda ke cikin unguwar Mountain Inch. An buɗe wurin shakatawar a shekarar 1948, lokacin da iyalan Inch suka ba wa birnin wani ɓangare na gonar iyalinsu don amfani da ita a matsayin wurin shakatawa. 

## Suna
Kamar unguwar, an sanya wa wurin shakatawar suna don girmama Adam Inch (1857–1933) da matarsa, Jaqueline.  Inch, wani baƙo daga Scotland, ya sayi eka 100, gami da eka 18 inda wurin shakatawa yake a yanzu, a cikin 1875, lokacin yana ɗan shekara 17. Shi da matarsa sun gina gona mai wadata tare da gonakin inabi da garken kiwo. A ƙarshen 1920, ci gaban yankin ya haifar da shawarar raba gonar zuwa wuraren gini na birni. Tsarin ya lalace a lokacin Babban Tashin Hankali .  

## Wuraren wasanni
Wurin shakatawa yana da wurin waha, filin wasan tennis, lu'u-lu'u na baseball, filin wasan rugby da kuma wurin wasan kankara na cikin gida.  

A ƙarni na 21, an inganta wuraren wasanni a Inch Park don su kasance masu sauƙin isa ga mutanen da ke da nakasa. 

Wurin ninkaya yana cike da kifin kifi na bakan gizo na ɗan lokaci kafin a buɗe lokacin ninkaya, kuma ana gudanar da wasan tsere na kamun kifi na shekara-shekara ga yaran yankin.   

### Filin wasan kankara
An buɗe filin wasan tsere kan kankara na Inch Park a matsayin filin wasa na waje a ranar 18 ga Disamba, 1953. An fara gina filin wasa mai rufin gida a ranar 27 ga Maris, 1970.  A shekarar 1982, an mayar da filin wasa mai rufin gida zuwa filin wasa na cikin gida  A shekarar 1982, filin wasa ya zama filin wasa mai rufin gida mai rufewa gaba ɗaya.  An maye gurbin tsohon filin wasa da filin wasa na cikin gida na zamani a shekarar 1995. 

## Manazarta
Gidan kayan gargajiya na Labuan

**Gidan kayan tarihi na Labuan** (Malay) wani gidan kayan gargajiya ne dake kusa da Jalan Dewan a tsakiyar Labuan, Malaysia .

## Tarihi
An fara gina ginin gidan tarihi a shekarun 1950. A da ofishin gudanarwa ne na gwamnatin Birtaniya ta Arewacin Borneo . Bayan kafuwar Malaysia a shekarar 1963, an taɓa amfani da ginin a matsayin ofishin gundumar Labuan da kuma ginin ofishin Majalisar Karamar Hukumar Labuan. A shekarar 1997, an yi ayyukan gyara ginin, sannan aka yi ayyukan ƙirar ciki a shekarar 2002. An buɗe gidan tarihin a hukumance a ranar 8 ga Oktoba, 2004, yayin da Ministan Al'adu, Fasaha da Gado Rais Yatim ya buɗe gidan tarihi na uku a Labuan.  

## Gine-gine
Ginin gidan tarihi gini ne na zamanin mulkin mallaka wanda ya ƙunshi hawa biyu. 

## Nuni
Gidan tarihi yana nuna tarihi da al'adun Labuan.  A ƙasan bene, yana nuna tarihin Labuan tun kafin tarihinsa har zuwa haihuwar Labuan a matsayin yankin tarayya na Malaysia da kuma kafa Labuan a matsayin cibiyar kuɗi ta ƙasashen waje. A saman bene, yana nuna al'adu da tattalin arzikin mutanen Labuan ta sassa shida ta hanyar kayan tarihi daban-daban, kamar kayan kiɗa, makamai, tufafi da sauransu. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin gidajen tarihi a Malaysia

## Manazarta
Cherrie's tanager

**Tanager na Cherrie** ( *Ramphocelus passerinii costaricensis* ) tsuntsu ne mai matsakaicin girman passerine . Wannan tanager yana kiwon dabbobi a yankunan Pacific na Costa Rica da yammacin Panama . An san wannan tsuntsu a da suna **tanager mai launin ja**, amma an raba shi a matsayin wani nau'in daban da na Caribbean, wanda aka sake masa suna tanager na Passerini, *Ramphocelus passerinii* . Duk da cewa yawancin hukumomi sun yarda da wannan rabuwar, akwai wasu keɓancewa masu ban mamaki (misali jerin abubuwan da Howard da Moore suka lissafa ). An sake mayar da shi cikin Tanager mai launin Scarlet a shekarar 2018.

Tanager na Cherrie ya zama ruwan dare gama gari daga matakin teku zuwa  tsayi, kuma yana faruwa lokaci-lokaci har zuwa  . Wurin da aka fi so shi ne wurare masu buɗewa waɗanda suka haɗa da ƙananan girma na biyu, gefunan daji, lambuna da wuraren kiwo tare da bishiyoyi. Gidan kofin an gina shi har zuwa  tsayi a cikin itace. Ƙwai biyu masu launin shuɗi ko launin toka, waɗanda aka yi wa alama da baƙi, launin ruwan kasa ko lilac. Wannan nau'in wani lokacin yana kiwon 'ya'yan itace biyu a cikin kakar wasa.

Babban jaririn Cherrie yana da  tsayi kuma yana da nauyin  . Namijin da ya manyanta galibi baƙi ne sai dai jajayen kututture, launin azurfa da kuma jajayen iris. Macen tana da kai mai launin toka, saman zaitun, kututturen orange, fikafikai masu launin ruwan kasa da wutsiya, da kuma gefen ƙasan ocher tare da faɗin ƙirjin orange. Fuskar mace ita ce ta fi bambanta da tanger na Passerini. Marasa girman jiki suna kama da mace babba, amma suna da ƙirjin da bai kai lemu ba.

Tanagers na Cherrie suna faruwa ne a nau'i-nau'i, ƙananan ƙungiyoyi, ko kuma a matsayin wani ɓangare na nau'in gauraye da ke ciyar da garken, kuma har zuwa tsuntsaye goma sha biyu na iya zama tare a cikin dazuzzuka masu yawa da dare. Wannan nau'in yana cin ƙananan 'ya'yan itatuwa, galibi ana hadiye su gaba ɗaya, kwari da gizo-gizo .

Kiran Cherrie tanager yana da *kaifi* sosai. Waƙarsa ta ƙunshi wasu waƙoƙi masu daɗi masu haske, waɗanda aka gabatar da su cikin jimloli masu tsayi fiye da na danginta na Caribbean.

Ana kiran wannan tsuntsu da suna Cherrie's tanager domin girmama tunawa da masanin kimiyyar halittu na Amurka, mai bincike da kuma mai kasada George Cherrie.  Dr. Cherrie ya raka tsohon shugaban kasa Theodore Roosevelt a cikin shahararren binciken Kogin Shakka a shekarar 1913, a cikin kwarin Amazon na Brazil, wanda daga baya aka sanya masa suna Rio Roosevelt .

## Manazarta
Kyautar Dinaane ta Farko

**Kyautar Dinaane ta Farko ta Almara** - wacce a da ake kira **Kyautar Adabi ta Tarayyar Turai**  - kyauta ce ta adabi ta Afirka ta Kudu, wacce aka buɗe ga mazauna dindindin ko 'yan ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu da sauran ƙasashen kudancin Afirka. An fara bayar da kyautar a shekarar 2004 kuma aka sake mata suna a shekarar 2015.  Kalmar "dinaane" na nufin "bayar da labaranmu tare" a cikin Setswana. 

Wannan kyautar wani shiri ne na **Gidauniyar Adabi ta Jacana (JLF)**, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta wacce ke neman bunkasa da kuma bunkasa rubuce-rubuce masu kyau daga kudancin Afirka, tare da hadin gwiwar mawallafiyar Jacana Media da ke Johannesburg . Tallafin waje yana bawa JLF damar bugawa da yada rubuce-rubucen da ba za su yi tasiri a kasuwanci ba. 

Gasar tana karɓar ayyukan almara na farko, waɗanda ba a buga ba (littafi ko labari). Marubuta ba dole ba ne su kasance an buga wani aikin almara a hukumance kafin bayar da kyautar. Marubuta da kansu za su iya neman aiki, muddin an buga aikin a yanar gizo kawai. Duk da cewa dole ne a yi amfani da rubutun a Turanci, Jacana tana maraba da rubuce-rubuce masu ƙirƙira waɗanda ke ɗauke da yanayin Afirka da harsuna da yawa. Wanda ya yi nasara zai sami R35 000 da kwangilar bugawa daga Jacana Media.  Bugu da ƙari, ana ba da tallafin rubutun Kraak ga wanda ya shiga wanda rubutunsa ya nuna babban alƙawari. Tallafin yana da darajar R25,000 kuma an keɓe shi ne don tunawa da marubuci kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam Gerald Kraak . 

Sauran ayyukan da JLF ke gudanarwa a halin yanzu sune:

* **Kyauta da Tsarin Waƙoƙi na Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Turai ta Sol Plaatje** : An sanya wa wannan suna ne bayan marubucin Afirka ta Kudu Solomon Tshekisho Plaatje, kuma an samar da kyautar Waƙoƙi da Tsarin Waƙoƙi na Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Turai ta Sol Plaatje ta hanyar ci gaba da tallafawa daga Tarayyar Turai . Ana iya gabatar da waƙoƙi har guda uku a cikin kowace harshe na hukuma na Afirka ta Kudu, sannan a buga jerin waƙoƙin da aka rubuta a cikin wani tsari. Ana ba da kyaututtukan kuɗi na R6000, R4000 da R2000 ga wanda ya yi nasara da wanda ya zo na biyu. 
* **Anthology and Prize na Gerald Kraak** : An ƙirƙira wannan kyautar ne don girmama Gerald Kraak, kuma tana gayyatar marubuta da masu daukar hoto a faɗin Afirka su gabatar da ra'ayoyi kan batutuwan jinsi, haƙƙin ɗan adam da kuma jima'i. 

## Masu nasara

; Kyautar Dinaane ta Farko ta Almara

* 2023/2024: Lindani Mbunyuza-Memani, *An binne shi a Kirji* 
* 2022: [babu kyautar]
* 2021: [babu kyautar]
* 2020: Resoketswe Manenzhe, *Scatterlings* 
* 2019: Mubanga Kalimamukwento, *Tsuntsun Makoki* 
* 2015/2016: Tammy Baikie, *Sayar da Lebe* 

; Kyautar Adabi ta Tarayyar Turai

* 2014: Andrew Miller, *Dub Steps* 
* 2013: Penny Busetto, *Labarin Anna P, kamar yadda Ita Kanta Ta Faɗa* 
* 2011/12: Ashraf Kagee, *Tafiyar Khalil* 
* 2010: James Clelland, *Deeper than Colour* 
* 2009: Zinaid Meeran, *Saracen at the Gates* 
* 2008: Megan Voysey-Braig, *Har Sai Mun Iya Kiyaye Dabba* 
* 2007: Kopano Matlwa, *Kwakwa* 
* 2006: [babu kyautar]
* 2005: Fred Khumalo, *Bitches' Brew* ; da Gerald Kraak, *Ice in the Lungs* 
* 2004: Ishtiyaq Shukri, *The Silent Minaret* 

## Manazarta
Sashen Zouan-Hounien

**Sashen Zouan-Hounien** sashe ne na Yankin Tonkpi a Gundumar Montagnes, Ivory Coast . A shekarar 2021, yawan jama'arta ya kai 250,938 kuma mazauninta shine mazaunin Zouan-Hounien . Ƙananan gundumomin sashen sune Banneu, Bin-Houyé, Goulaleu, Téapleu, Yelleu, da Zouan-Hounien .

## Tarihi
An ƙirƙiri Sashen Zouan-Hounien a shekarar 2005 a matsayin wani yanki na mataki na biyu ta hanyar rabuwar kai daga Sashen Danané .  A lokacin ƙirƙirarsa, yana cikin Yankin Dix-Huit Montagnes.

A shekarar 2011, an gabatar da gundumomi a matsayin sabbin ƙananan hukumomi na Ivory Coast. A lokaci guda, an sake tsara yankuna kuma suka zama ƙananan hukumomi na mataki na biyu kuma dukkan sassan an mayar da su zuwa ƙananan hukumomi na mataki na uku. A wannan lokacin, Sashen Zouan-Hounien ya zama wani ɓangare na Yankin Tonkpi a Gundumar Montagnes .

## Manazarta
Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya (Masar)

**Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya** (IMC) asibiti ne na soja a birnin El Shorouk, a gundumar Alkahira, Masar . IMC tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan asibitocin kula da lafiya a Gabas ta Tsakiya .  IMC wani ɓangare ne na Sashen Kula da Lafiya na Sojojin Sama a Rundunar Sojojin Masar . IMC, asibiti ne na Masar wanda ke da ayyuka iri-iri da ƙungiya mai ƙarfi ke bayarwa. Yana cikin birnin El Shorouk a Alkahira - Titin Hamada na Ismailia a kilomita 42.  nesa da gurɓataccen birni. Rundunar Sojojin Masar ce ta kafa IMC tare da ƙwarewar Amurka da haɗin gwiwar Rundunar Injiniyoyi ta Amurka .

## Tarihi
Ya fara aiki a shekarar 2005. Asibitin IMC yana da gadaje 800, gadaje 63 na ICU da kuma dakunan tiyata 24. IMC tana daidaitawa da ka'idar kula da marasa lafiya ta duniya, ba don riba ba, tana amfani da kulawar ƙungiyar kula da marasa lafiya ta Masar da Amurka.   IMC tana ba da ayyukan kula da lafiya a Masar ga marasa lafiya na gida da na ƙasashen waje. 

## Ƙwarewa
IMC tana ba da kulawa ga fannoni daban-daban na likitanci da tiyata (masu ba da shawara da ƙwararru sama da 100). IMC tana da 'cibiyoyin ƙwarewa' sama da 10 a fannin kula da lafiya.

Manyan fannoni sun haɗa da: cibiyar ciwon daji (wadda ke ba da dukkan hanyoyin kula da cutar kansa, radiotherapy, da chemotherapy ), maganin tsofaffi (kulawa mai tsanani, kula da yara da kuma asibitin marasa lafiya), PET Scan (gano cutar kansa da wuri), ƙungiyar dashen koda (Koda, Hanta da Pancreas ), Tiyatar Zuciya, Cibiyar Kula da Yara ta Musamman & Cibiyar Kula da Yara ta Jini, Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta LG & Immunology, Cibiyar Kula da Ido (Laser, Gamma Knife,  Tiyata, Cututtukan Hankali), Gastroenterology & Endoscopy, Ilimin Jijiyoyi & Surgery, Sashen Radiology na Shiga Tsakani, Tiyatar Jijiyoyi, Ilimin Mata / Mahaifa, Sashen Urology & Urodynamics, Sashen Tiyatar filastik da sassan ENT.

## Manazarta
Makarantar Sakandare ta Chinhoyi

**Makarantar Sakandare ta Chinhoyi** (wadda a da **Makarantar Sakandare ta Sinoia ce** ) makarantar sakandare ce ta gwamnati da ke Chinhoyi, lardin Mashonaland na Yammacin Zimbabwe .  An kafa makarantar a shekarar 1960. Makarantar tana 2&nbsp;kilomita arewa da tsakiyar garin Chinhoyi a kan titin A1 zuwa Karoi da Kariba . Makarantar tana da nisan mil 122&nbsp;kilomita arewa maso yamma da Harare .

Tana da tsarin karatu tare, inda take da ɗalibai kusan 1000 a cikin aji 6: Aji na ɗaya, Aji na biyu, Aji na uku, Aji na huɗu, Aji na shida na ƙasa, da kuma Aji na shida na sama. Kimanin ɗalibai 600 ne ke karatu a aji ɗaya, sauran 400 kuma ɗaliban kwana ɗaya ne.

Akwai masaukin baƙi guda shida da ake kira bayan gidan sarauta na Burtaniya. Gidajen kwana na 'yan mata uku ana kiransu Tudor, Windsor da Angevin. Gidajen maza uku ana kiransu Stuart, Norman da Hanover. Don wasanni tsakanin gida, malaman makaranta (marasa shiga makaranta) suna fafatawa da Dendera da Rukodzi). Taken makarantar shine ***Pietas*** wanda ke nufin "yi wa al'umma hidima".

## Fitattun tsofaffin ɗalibai

* Rozalla Miller, mawaƙiya

## Duba kuma
 

* Jerin makarantu a Zimbabwe
* Jerin makarantun kwana

## Manazarta
Virginia Hesse

**Virginia Hesse** (an haife ta a ranar 31 ga Yuli 1944) ma'aikaciyar gwamnati ce kuma jami'ar diflomasiyya ta Ghana wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin jakadar Ghana a Jamhuriyar Czech daga 2017 zuwa 2021.   Ta yi amfani da mafi yawan aikinta na ƙwararru a ma'aikatar gwamnati ta Ghana. 

## Rayuwar iyali da ilimi
 
'Yar asalin Osu, Accra, Virginia Hesse memba ce daga cikin fitattun dangin Hesse . Ɗan'uwanta, Lebrecht Wilhelm Fifi Hesse (1934 - 2000) shi ne baƙar fata ɗan Afirka na farko da ya zama ƙwararren Rhodes, wanda ya yi aiki sau biyu a matsayin Darakta Janar na Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Ghana kuma memba na Hukumar Ayyukan Jama'a ta Ghana .       Ɗan'uwanta, Christian Hesse, ya yi aiki a matsayin jakadan Ghana a Tarayyar Soviet sannan daga baya ya yi aiki a Rasha a shekarun 1980 da 1990. Ta ɗaliba ce a Makarantar Achimota da Jami'ar Ghana, Legon . 

## Sana'a
Ta yi aiki a Ma'aikatar Ciniki da Masana'antu da ke Accra, a matsayin jami'ar kasuwanci da kuma sashen diflomasiyya na ma'aikatar.  Ta kasance Mataimakiyar Kwamishinan Ciniki na Ghana a Kotun St James's .  A fannin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, ta kuma yi aiki a wani kamfani na ƙasa da ƙasa na Switzerland a matsayin manajan ayyuka sannan daga baya, a masana'antar samar da ruwa da tace najasa.  Ta kuma kasance Shugabar reshen Accra na ƙungiyar agaji ta duniya mai ba da tallafi ga mata, Zonta International . 

### Aikin diflomasiyya
An rantsar da ita a matsayin jakadiyar Ghana a Jamhuriyar Czech, tare da wasu jakadu hudu, a ranar 2 ga Agusta 2017, ta hannun Nana Akufo-Addo, shugaban Ghana .   Tana kuma cikin jakadun mata 20 na Ghana da aka zaba a wannan shekarar.  A matsayinta na jakada, ta sami takardar izinin shiga Arewacin Macedonia, Romania da sauran ƙasashen Visegrád Group, Hungary da Slovakia a lokaci guda.  Ita ce kuma shugabar ƙungiyar Afirka ta Jamhuriyar Czech.  Ta kammala wa'adinta na shekaru huɗu a shekarar 2021.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Virginia Hesse tana da 'ya mace ɗaya, Gyankroma Akufo-Addo wanda mahaifinsa Nana Akufo-Addo ne.  Hesse ɗan Presbyterian ne na tsawon rayuwarsa kuma memba ne na Cocin Ebenezer Presbyterian, Osu .

## Manazarta