Suzanne Corkin

**Suzanne Corkin** (18 ga Mayu, 1937 - 24 ga Mayu, 2016) ta kasance farfesa ce ta Amurka a fannin kimiyyar kwakwalwa a Sashen Kimiyya a MIT .  Ta kasance babbar malama a cikin ilimin neuropsychology da kimiyyar kwakwalwa. An fi saninta da bincike kan ƙwaƙwalwar ɗan adam, wanda ta yi nazari a cikin marasa lafiya tare da cutar Alzheimer, cutar Parkinson, da amnesia. Har ila yau, an san ta da nazarin H.M., mutumin da ke fama da asarar ƙwaƙwalwa wanda ta sadu da shi a 1962 kuma ta yi karatu har zuwa mutuwarsa a 2008.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Corkin Suzanne Janet Hammond a Hartford, Connecticut, ita kaɗai ce 'yar Lester da Mabelle Dowling Hammond .  Ta yi karatun ilimin halayyar dan adam a Kwalejin Smith a Massachusetts, kuma ta sami digiri na biyu a Jami'ar McGill a Montreal, Kanada, ƙarƙashin kulawar Brenda Milner. Milner ya yi nazarin wani mutum mai suna Henry Molaison, wanda ya ci gaba da rasa ƙwaƙwalwa mai tsanani sakamakon tiyata ta kwakwalwa don kamuwa da farfajiya mara sarrafawa. Corkin ya sadu da shi a 1962 kuma ya gwada ƙwaƙwalwarsa dangane da ma'anar taɓawa "Aiki na Somesthetic bayan lalacewar ƙwaƙwalwa" wanda ya zama batun PhD.

## Ayyuka
Bayan ta kammala digirinta na PhD a 1964 ta koma Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts ta Amurka (MIT), don shiga dakin gwaje-gwaje na Hans-Lukas Teuber . A shekara ta 1977, lokacin da Teuber ya mutu, Corkin ya zama darektan dakin gwaje-gwaje na neuropsychology na mutum kuma, a cikin 1981, an inganta shi kai tsaye daga matsayin Babban Masanin Kimiyya na Bincike zuwa Mataimakin Farfesa tare da aiki.

Daga wannan lokacin zuwa gaba, Corkin ya ba da umarnin Laboratory na Neuroscience, yana ba da gudummawa ga fannoni daban-daban na kimiyyar kwakwalwa. Wadannan gudummawa sun hada da ci gaba da tsara tsarin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da ake buƙata don nau'o'i daban-daban na ilmantarwa ba tare da bayyanawa ba, bayyana raunin ƙwaƙwalwan ajiya wanda ke tasowa a cikin Cutar Parkinson, Cutar Alzheimer, da gudummawa ga muhawara ta ka'idoji game da rawar da ke cikin ƙwaƙwalwarsa ta tsakiya a cikin dawo da tunanin nesa.

Corkin ta kasance mai karɓar hanyoyin neuroimaging na ɗan adam na farko kuma ta yi amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin don bayyana tushen jijiyoyin nau'ikan ƙwaƙwalwar ɗan adam daban-daban da canje-canjen da suka shafi shekaru da cututtuka a cikin hanyoyin ƙwaƙwalwa. Ta yi amfani da hanyoyin MRI na aiki da na tsari. Wasu daga cikin wallafe-wallafen karshe daga dakin gwaje-gwaje sun ba da rahoton fa'idodin tsarin magnetic resonance na multispectral don auna yawan substantia nigra da basal forebrain a cikin marasa lafiya tare da cutar Parkinson (Ziegler da Corkin, 2013; Ziegler et al., 2013).

Corkin ta ci gaba da aiki tare da mai haƙuri mai ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya H.M., yana kare asalinsa har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2008, inda aka bayyana asalinsa Henry Molaison ne.[1]Ta tattauna labarin H.M. a cikin littafinta na 2013 Permanent Present Tense .

A shekara ta 1994, Corkin na ɗaya daga cikin mata 16 a Makarantar Kimiyya a MIT waɗanda suka tsara kuma suka sanya hannu kan wasika ga Dean na Kimiyya na lokacin (yanzu Shugaban Berkeley) Robert Birgeneau, wanda ya fara kamfen don haskakawa da kalubalantar nuna bambancin jinsi a MIT.

## Littattafai da kyaututtuka
Ta wallafa fiye da 150 bincike articles kuma ta kasance marubuciya ko co- marubuciya na 10 littattafai. Ta sami kyaututtuka da yawa don bincikenta, gami da lambar yabo ta MERIT daga Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Kasa da kuma lambar yabo ta Binciken Bincike ta Baltes daga Ƙungiyar Psychological ta Amurka, Division on Aging .

## Jagora
An san Corkin sosai saboda goyon bayanta ga mata da 'yan tsiraru a kimiyya. A lokacin da take MIT, ta kasance mai ba da shawara na shekaru 17, kuma ta yi aiki a wasu cibiyoyi da kwamitocin sashen. A shekara ta 2011, ta sami lambar yabo ta Brain and Cognitive Sciences Undergraduate Advising Award a MIT.

## Rikici na labarin ''New York Times''
Wani labarin *[[New York Times]]* na 7 ga Agusta, 2016, na Luke Dittrich ta haifar da gardama lokacin da ya yi tambaya game da ka'idojin Corkin a cikin hulɗarta da Henry Molaison. Wannan rahoto ya ba da shawarar cewa Corkin ya yi ƙoƙari ya hana binciken da aka gano cewa H.M. yana da raunin lobe na gaba; bai gano dangin da ta fi kusa da H.M.- wanda ta sami izini daga gare shi ba (aikin shari'a a maimakon haka ya nada dangi mai nisa a matsayin mai ra'ayin mazan jiya); kuma ya nemi ya rage kayan asalinsa da bayanan da ba a buga ba saboda tana iya haifar da sake nazarin kammalawa a lokacin da ta yi bincike kan H.M (Wannan maganganun karshe ta ce ta D.M.

Ana ci gaba da jayayya game da labarin Dittrich. Fiye da masana kimiyyar kwakwalwa 200 sun sanya hannu kan wata wasika zuwa ga New York Times inda suka bayyana cewa labarin ya kasance mai son kai da yaudara  kuma tun daga ranar 21 ga watan Agusta, 2016, ana ci gaba da samun maganganun baya-baya da MIT da Dittrich suka fitar.  Saboda akwai sanannun tashin hankali tsakanin Dittrich da Corkin na shekaru da yawa, wasu masu bita sun kira littafin Dittrich "mai cin gashin kansa"  Duk da haka wasu sun sake nazarin littafinsa, Patient H.M.: A Story of Memory, Madness, and Family Secrets .  

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Aure da ta yi da Charles Corkin ya ƙare da kisan aure. Ta mutu daga Ciwon daji na hanta a Danvers, Massachusetts a ranar 24 ga Mayu, 2016, kwana shida bayan ranar haihuwarta ta 79. Ta sami 'ya'ya uku masu girma, Damon, J. Zachary, da Jocelyn Corkin, da jikoki bakwai.

## Manazarta