Ratsitatanina

**Ratsitatanina**, wanda aka fi sani da *Ratsitatane* (kimanin 1790-1822), wani fitaccen ɗan ƙasar Malagasy ne. Da farko ya yi tasiri a kotun Merina da ke tsakiyar Madagascar, ya faɗi daga kan karagar mulki saboda adawarsa da ƙawayen Sarki na Birtaniya. An kai shi ƙasar Mauritius, inda ya tsere daga kurkuku, aka kama shi aka kashe shi. Shi ɗan minista ne Andriamambavola kuma an ce ɗan uwan Sarki Radama na ɗaya ne,   kodayake masanin tarihi Pier Larson ya ƙalubalanci wannan imani, wanda ya bayyana su biyun a matsayin surukai.  Ana kyautata zaton Firayim Ministan Madagascar na farko, Andriamihaja, ɗan Ratsitatanina ne. 

## Hamayya ga Birtaniya
Ratsitatanina babban kwamandan rundunar Sarki Radama ne, kuma amintaccen mai ba Sarki shawara. Arzikinsa ya canza tun daga shekarar 1817 lokacin da gwamnan Mauritius Robert Farquhar, a wani yunƙuri na magance fataucin bayi daga Madagascar da kuma rage tasirin Faransawa, ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar abota da Radama. Wakilin Farquhar James Hastie ya zama amintaccen Sarki, wani ci gaba da ya mayar da Ratsitatanina baya, wanda ake zargin yana goyon bayan Faransawa. A matsayinsa na mai sayar da bayi, Ratsitatanina shi ma bai ji daɗin manufar Birtaniya ta hana bauta ba. Lokacin da ya tsawatar kuma ya yi barazana ga Hastie kan wani yaƙin soja da ya gaza a kan mutanen Sakalava waɗanda Radama ke yaƙi da su, Sarki ya ba da umarnin a kama Ratsitatanina.   Duk da haka, wataƙila, shawarar Radama ta kama Ratsitatanina ba ta dogara ne akan makircin da aka yi zargin na kashe wakilin Birtaniya ko Sarkin da kansa ba, amma bisa rashin yarda da tsoron Ratsitatanina da 'yan uwansa. 

## Gudun hijira zuwa Mauritius da mutuwa
An kori Ratsitatanina daga Madagascar aka aika shi zuwa Mauritius a cikin jirgin ruwa *Menai* . Ya sauka a Mauritius a ranar 3 ga Janairu 1822 kuma aka daure shi, kodayake an ba shi 'yanci.  Ya yi aiki da *sikidy* ga sauran fursunonin.  Masu mulkin Birtaniya suna da shirin ƙara tura shi zuwa tsibirin Rodrigues.  Duk da haka, Ratsitatanina ya tsere kuma daga baya aka kama shi a tsaunukan da ke bayan babban birnin Port Louis ta hannun wasu mafarauta masu zaman kansu na mafarauta waɗanda lauya kuma ɗan siyasa ɗan Faransa-Mauritius Adrien d'Épinay ya jagoranta.  Wani makirci da ba a zata ba na jagorantar tawayen bayi da masu koyon aiki da kuma kisan gillar fararen fata mazauna Port Louis an ɗauka a matsayin makircin Ratsitatanina kuma 'yan ƙasar da ke cikin tashin hankali sun yi imani da shi sosai. A cewar shaidarsa, shirin tserewa ya kasance ga jirgin ruwa da wani abokin aikinsa ya yi alƙawarin zai kai shi da tawagar bayi da masu koyon aiki na Malagasy zuwa Madagascar.  Bayan shari'a, an yanke masa kai a Plaine Verte a ranar Litinin 15 ga Afrilu 1822, yana mai natsuwa duk da cewa yana kallon wasu mutane biyu da ake zargi da hannu a lamarin sun riga shi zuwa shingen.  

## Wasannin kwaikwayo
Wani labari da ya dogara da rayuwarsa, *Ratsitatane : épisode historique de Maurice* na marubucin Mauritian Lucien Brey (lakabin Walter Edgar Acton), ya fara bayyana a matsayin feuilleton a cikin mujallun *Port-Louis Revue* (1878) da *Le voleur mauricien* (1888-1889). Wani sabon bugu na wannan littafin, wanda Vicram Ramharai ya gyara, ya bayyana a Port Louis a 2005.  Mawallafin wasan kwaikwayo na Mauritius Azize Asgarally ya rubuta wasan kwaikwayo na *Ratsitatane* (1983) a cikin Mauritian Creole . An yi la'akari da wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi na farko na Mauritius, wannan aikin yana ƙalubalantar wakilcin gargajiya na Ratsitatanina a matsayin wani mugun mutum wanda ya sace wata mace 'yar Faransa, ya yi mata fyade kuma ya tilasta ta kashe kanta, kuma a maimakon haka ya nuna ɗan siyasa mai wayo wanda ke aiki don kawar da tasirin Birtaniya daga Madagascar.  

## Manazarta