'Yancin Dan Adam a Georgia

Kundin Tsarin mulki na kasar ya tabbatar da haƙƙin ɗan adam a Georgia. Akwai mai kare hakkin dan adam mai zaman kansa na Georgia wanda majalisar ta zaba don tabbatar da cewa ana aiwatar da irin waɗannan hakkoki. Koyaya, Amnesty International ta yi zargin cewa,   Human Rights Watch,  Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka   da 'yan adawar Georgia  galibi ana keta waɗannan haƙƙoƙin.

Bugu da kari, kusan kashi 20% na yankin abin da ya kasance SSR ta Georgia yana cikin rikici (an gan shi kamar yadda aka shagaltar da shi a ra'ayin gwamnatin Georgia a Tbilisi, da kuma wasu ƙasashe da yawa);  akwai zarge-zargen cin zarafin ɗan adam a waɗannan yankuna na Abkhazia da Ossetia ta Kudu.

## 'Yancin' yan tsiraru
Gwamnatin Georgia ta ɗauki matakai masu kyau don kare tsirarun addinai. Tun bayan juyin juya halin Musulunci, hare-haren da ake kai wa mabambantan addinai ya ragu, kuma mahukunta sun kama wani jagoran wadannan hare-haren Basil Mkalavishvili tare da tsare shi. Firayim Minista Zurab Jvania ya kasance babban mai goyon bayan ba wa ƙungiyoyin addini damar karɓuwa daga jihar, amma ya fuskanci adawa mai yawa daga gwamnatinsa: nasa shugaban ya ce ya kamata jihar ta yi abin da za ta iya don 'kare Jojiya daga mummunan tasirin baƙi.' Duk da gyare-gyaren da ya ba wa tsirarun majami'u damar yin rajistar kansu a shekara ta 2005, cocin Orthodox na Jojiya yana da rinjaye mai yawa a Jojiya, yayin da ƙungiyoyin tsiraru ke da wuya su gina wuraren ibada.

Yarjejeniyar 2002 tsakanin G.O.C. kuma gwamnatin Jojiya tana kan aiki, wanda ke ba Cocin Orthodox na Jojiya matsayi mai gata a Jojiya, kuma ya ba ta iko a kan dukan al'amuran addini. Ikklisiya ce kaɗai ke da matsayin ba tare da biyan haraji ba, kuma galibi ana tuntuɓar ta a cikin lamuran gwamnati. Tare da kasancewa ba tare da haraji ba, Cocin Orthodox na Jojiya kuma yana samun wasu kudade daga gwamnati kuma. Babban dalilin haka shi ne, Cocin ya kasance mai himma sosai wajen raya al'adun kasar kuma kamar yadda a yawancin kasashen Gabashin Orthodox, layin da ke tsakanin al'adu da addini ya dushe.

Jojiya ta amince da Yarjejeniyar Tsare-tsare na Kariya na Ƙarƙashin Ƙasa (FCNM) a cikin 2005. Kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu "Haƙuri" sun nuna a cikin 2008 cewa yawancin batutuwa na FCPNM an kebe su daga cikakken aiwatarwa ta majalisar dokokin Jojiya. Musamman, tanade-tanade game da cikakken magana a cikin harsunan tsiraru a cikin al'amuran al'adu, ilimi da gudanarwa sun lalace, iƙirarin haƙuri. Alal misali, adadin makarantun Azarbaijan ya ragu, kuma an ba da misali da batun naɗa shugabanni a makarantun Azabaijan waɗanda ba sa jin Azabaijan.

An aiwatar da dabarun kare haƙƙin ɗan adam a cikin Maris 2023. 

## 'Yanci na faɗar albarkacin baki da na kafofin watsa labarai
'‘Yancin fadin albarkacin baki da yada labarai gaba daya ana bayar da su ne a Jojiya amma kash akwai lokutan da ba musamman a lokacin zanga-zangar Georgian ta 2007, ‘yan sandan kwantar da tarzoma sun kai hari a hedkwatar tashar Imedi, lamarin da ya kai ga harabar zanga-zangar.

A shekarar 2023, kasar ta inganta matsayinta a kididdigar 'yancin 'yan jarida ta duniya daga lamba 89 zuwa lamba 77.

## Cin zarafin fursunoni
Tsawon shekaru, kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama sun bukaci shugaba Saakashvili da gwamnatinsa da su duba irin ta'asar da ake zarginsu da aikatawa a gidajen yarin Jojiya. A shekara ta 2010 Hukumar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Turai ta ba da rahoton "Yanayin rayuwa a gidajen yari da sansanonin fursunoni na Georgia - wanda kuma aka fi sani da suna a matsayin "kayan gyaran fuska" - ba su haifar da ingantacciyar sakamako ga fursunoni ba. suna guje wa sunaye masu azabtarwa.

Ya zuwa shekara ta 2010, wadatar kula da lafiya a cikin kurkuku da sansanoni ba ta isa ba wanda ya haifar da mace-mace mai yawa a cikin kurkukun Georgia. Ana watsi da haƙƙin ɗan adam na fursunoni kawai. "  Sauran kungiyoyi da yawa sun gargadi gwamnatin Saakashvili, gami da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka a cikin 2008. 

Duk da gargaɗin da duniya ta yi wa gwamnatin Saakashvili, Jam'iyyar United National Movement Party game da 'yancin ɗan adam a gidajen yarin Jojiya, ƙungiyoyin sa ido sun ba da rahoton kaɗan ko babu wani ci gaba.

Kungiyar Tarayyar Turai ta yi kakkausar suka ga cin zarafin fursunoni tare da yin kira ga hukumomin Jojiya da su hukunta masu laifin. A cikin wata sanarwa da ta fitar, Catherine Ashton, jami'ar kula da harkokin wajen EU ta ce ta yi matukar kaduwa da faifan bidiyo masu ban mamaki na cin zarafin da aka yi wa fursunonin da ke gidan yarin Gldani. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a gudanar da bincike kan wadannan da sauran abubuwan da suka faru cikin tsanaki tare da hukunta wadanda ke da hannu a lamarin. 

Rupert Colville, mai magana da yawun ofishin kare hakkin bil'adama na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Geneva, ya bukaci Jojiya da ta "gazawa, ba tare da nuna son kai ba kuma cikin inganci" ta binciki dukkan lamuran cin zarafi tare da daukar matakai "don tabbatar da cewa an gudanar da gidajen yari da wuraren tsare mutane daidai da dokokin kasa da kasa da ka'idojin kare hakkin bil'adama".

Tambayoyin kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama a duniya sun zo ne bayan damuwar kasa da kasa game da zabukan gaskiya da adalci a Jojiya a shekara ta 2012. 

## 2013 sakin fursunonin siyasa
A ranar 13 ga Janairu, 2013 mutane 190 da Majalisar Jojiya ta ayyana fursunonin siyasa ne aka saki daga gidan yari a karkashin wata dokar afuwa da 'yan majalisar dokokin Georgian Dream suka dauki nauyin yi, wadda ta zartar a shekarar 2012 kan veto na shugaban kasar mai barin gado Mikheil Saakashvili.

## Rikicin adawa da LGBT da zanga-zangar adawa

A lokacin watan alfahari na 2021, masu gwagwarmayar LGBTQ na Georgia sun dakatar da wani shirin alfahari bayan masu zanga-zangar adawa da LGBT sun mamaye hedikwatar Tbilisi Pride kuma sun kai hari kan kimanin 'yan jarida 50. Masu zanga-zangar adawa da LGBT sun zargi 'yan jarida da cin zarafin al'adun gargajiya na Georgia. Tbilisi Pride ta zargi gwamnati da coci da karfafa "babban gwagwarmaya" a kan al'ummar lesbian, gay, bisexual, da transgender (LGBT) da kuma kasa kare haƙƙin 'yan ƙasa.

Bayan wata rana da aka yi ta nuna bacin ransu kan tashe-tashen hankula, dubban mutane ne suka taru domin nuna adawa da nuna kyama a gaban majalisar dokokin kasar Georgia, inda suka kaddamar da tutar bakan gizo a yayin da mahalarta taron ke murna da rera taken kasar Georgia.

Gabaɗaya, gwamnatin Georgia ta kama mutane 102 dangane da rikice-rikicen adawa da LGBT; 68 daga cikinsu an sake su a kan beli kuma an bar sauran a tsare har sai an yi musu shari'a. A ranar 9 ga watan Yulin 2021, Kotun Birnin Tbilisi ta musanta belin kuma ta ba da umarnin tsare ƙarin mambobi 4 na kungiyar ta'addanci kafin shari'a. A lokacin sauraron farko, alƙalin ya yanke shawarar cewa ayyukan waɗannan masu gwagwarmayar adawa da LGBT "banda kasancewa mai laifi, suna lalata kwanciyar hankali na jihar. Suna da duhu da kunya..."

## Georgia ta gabatar da lissafin don cire duk kariya ta LGBT
Wani lissafin da aka gabatar a cikin 2024 yana neman cire duk kariya ga mutanen LGBT, haramta "ma'aurata na daban," yin zama ba bisa ka'ida ba, cire duk sanarwa ga masu canza launin fata a kan takardun ainihi, da kuma haramta duk nuni na jama'a na LGBT. Majalisar dokokin Georgia ta zartar da dokar a ranar 4 ga watan Satumba. Tarayyar Turai, da kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam daban-daban sun yi Allah wadai da hukuncin.

## Yanayin tarihi
Shafin da ke biyowa yana nuna ƙididdigar Georgia tun daga 1 a cikin rahotanni na Freedom in the World, wanda Freedom House ke buga kowace shekara. Matsayi na 1 shine "kyauta"; 7, "ba kyauta ba". 1

## Dubi kuma

* Tsayar da Intanet da sa ido a Georgia
* Hakkin LGBT a Georgia (ƙasa) 
* Harin 2021 a kan Tbilisi Pride
* Shari'ar kisan kai ta Sandro Girgvliani

## Bayani

: 1. ^ Lura cewa "Shekara" tana nufin "Shekarar da aka rufe". Saboda haka bayanin shekarar da aka yi alama ta 2008 ya fito ne daga rahoton da aka buga a 2009, da sauransu.  
: 2. ^ Ya zuwa Janairu 1.  

## Bayanan da aka ambata