Academic Symphony Orchestra of the Lviv Philharmonic

**Makarantan wakan Symphony na Lviv National Philharmonic** yana daya daga cikin tsoffin makada na kade- kade a Ukraine. 

## Tarihi
A cikin shekara ta 1796, ɗan wasan violin kuma mai gudanarwa Józef Elsner ya ƙirƙiraro Kwalejin waka ta farko a Lviv . Ya tattaro ƙwararrun mawaƙa da ƙwararrun  ’yan Adam waɗanda suka haɗa kai da su kuma ya zama ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko a cikin birni.  A 1799, Karol Lipinski ya zama na farko violinist, concertmaster na Lviv gidan wasan kwaikwayo, kuma daga 1811 - da shugaba. Lipinsky ya fara ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta symphony. Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart, ɗan Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, ya kafa Ƙungiyar St. Cecilia a 1826, inda akwai ƙungiyar mawaƙa da kuma cibiyar rera waƙa. Ayyukan al'umma ya zama abin ƙarfafawa don samar da sababbin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun raye-rayen kiɗa da fasaha. "Society of friends of music" da aka gudanar tun shekara ta 1834 ne suka shirya kide-kide na Symphony tare da halartar kwararrun mawaka da masu son zama. A cikin 'yan shekaru, ya samu wani jami'in matsayi a karkashin sunan "Society for ci gaban music a Galicia," daga baya - "Galician Music Society" (GMT). 

Makarantan Academic Symphony Orchestra of the Lviv National Philharmonic wacce aka sanya wa suna bayan Myroslav Skoryk an kafa shi bisa hukuma a ranar 27 ga Satumba, 1902, lokacin da aka gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo na farko na sabuwar ƙungiya a cikin Count Stanislav Skarbko Theater. Tana da kujeru 1,240, babban mataki mai motsi (160 m2), sashin wasan kwaikwayo, kuma an sanye shi da hasken lantarki da dumama tsakiya. Babban jagoran ƙungiyar mawaƙa shi ne Ludvík Vítězslav Čelanský, wanda ya tattara gungun mutane 68, mafi yawansu sun kammala karatun digiri na Conservatory na Prague . Henryk Jarecki da Henryk Melcer-Szczawiński sun yi aiki kusa da shi a teburin madugu. A lokacin farkon kakar wasa, an gudanar da kide-kide fiye da 114 tare da halartar kungiyar makada.Shirye-shiryen kide-kide sun hada da kusan dukkanin wasan kwaikwayo na Ludwig van Beethoven, ƙwararrun mawaƙa na Felix Mendelssohn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Franz Schubert, Robert Schumann, Franz Liszt, Antonin Dvorak, Anton Bruckner, Camille Saint - Saens  Tchaikovsky, da kuma Richard Strauss .

Richard Strauss, Gustav Mahler, Ruggiero Leoncavallo, Mieczysław Karłowicz, da Lorenzo Perozi sun yi wasa a matsayin bakin da aka gayyato wajen masu bikin wakokin a Lviv. ƙungiyar makaɗa a ranar 5 ga Janairu, 1903. Ya jagoranci nasa abubuwan da aka tsara - waƙoƙin waƙa " Don Juan " da " Mutuwa da Canji ," da kuma Symphony №5 na Beethoven. Ranar 2 ga Afrilu, 1903, Gustav Mahler ya gudanar da taron Lviv. Shirin wasan kwaikwayo ya hada da Symphony №7 na Beethoven, " Carnival Roman " na Hector Berlioz, overture zuwa " Tannhäuser " na Richard Wagner da Symphony na Farko na Gustav Mahler . Har ila yau, na ƙarshe ya yi ƙara a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na biyu (Afrilu 4). Tare da wannan abun da ke ciki, mawaƙa kuma sun yi Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony na Bakwai, overtures, da guntu guntun wakoki daga operas " Tristan da Isolde ," "Tannhäuser," da kuma " Masu-Mawaƙa na Nuremberg " na Richard Wagner .

A watan Mayun 1903 (7 da 9 ga Mayu), Ruggero Leoncavallo ya jagoranci ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Symphony. Shirin wasan kwaikwayo ya haɗa da sashin wasannin operas " Pagliacci " da " I Medici ," "Neapolitan suite," "Old Suite" da waƙar waƙar "Seraphitus-Seraphita." Bayan kakar wasa, ƙungiyar makaɗa ta tafi yawon shakatawa zuwa Krakow, Lodz, Warsaw, da Vilnius, inda ya daina wanzuwa.

Na tsawon lokaci, Lviv Philharmonic ba shi da nasa makada. Daraktanta Leopold Litinsky ya yi ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar irin wannan rukuni daga cikin mafi kyawun mawaƙa na ƙungiyar makaɗa na soja na ƙungiyoyin sojoji na gida da yawa, waɗanda suka ci gaba da ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo na Philharmonic a 1903-1904. A cikin wadannan shekaru, yawon shakatawa Orchestras da farko yi a Lviv.

A tsakanin shekarun 1919-1939, ƙungiyar makaɗar kade-kade ta GMT Conservatory ta kasance kusan kawai ƙungiyar makaɗa ta dindindin a Lviv. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, wani babban kade-kade na kade-kade na kungiyar mawakan kasar Poland, wanda aka shirya a shekarar 1921, wanda ya kunshi mawakan kida 106, wanda aka yi a karkashin kungiyar Lviv Philharmonic da M. Türk's Concert Bureau (ta hada kan masu yin wasan kwaikwayo daga GMT da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na City). kuma yana aiki har zuwa 1924). Bronislaw Wolfstal, Adam Soltis da Alfred Stadler, Milan Zuna ne suka shirya shirye-shiryensa.

A wannan lokacin, musamman a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na 1931-1932, saboda matsalar tattalin arziki, an wargaza sassan wakoki na City Theatre. Mawakan sun shiga ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta "Ƙungiyar kiɗa da opera," sun fara ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo tare da jerin kade-kade na kade-kade.

Tare da isowar na mulkin iko na Soviet, a cikin Disamba 1939, ya zo da Resolution na Majalisar Jama'ar Commissars na Tarayyar Soviet na Disamba 19, 1939, game da kungiyar na al'adu da fasaha cibiyoyin a shida sabon kafa yammacin yankunan na Ukraine da kuma sake tsara art. cibiyoyi da cibiyoyin ilimi da Soviet jama'ar Commissar da kwamitin tsakiya na jam'iyyar kwaminis bisa ga abin da aka shirya don ƙirƙirar a Lviv jihar philharmonic jihar yankin tare da kade-kade na kade-kade, da kuma Ukrainian mawaƙa, tare da iri-iri sassa da soloists. An kafa kungiyar kade-kade ta kade-kade a karkashin kwamitin rediyo na yankin. Ƙungiyar ta fara yin aiki a ranar 20 ga Disamba, 1939 a karkashin jagorancin Isaac Pain, mai gudanarwa mai shekaru 27, wanda ya kammala digiri na Kiev Conservatory . A farkon 1940, an sake tsara wannan ƙungiyar makaɗa a cikin ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Symphony na yankin Falharmonic na Jihar Lviv. Isaac Pain ne ya jagoranta. An kuma gayyaci shugabar Lviv da mawaki Mykola Kolessa don yin aiki a ƙungiyar makaɗa. A lokacin mulkin Jamus, a cikin 1941-1944, zauren Philharmonic bai yi aiki ba. A cikin post-yaki lokaci, da kungiyar mawaƙa dole ne a sake taru, wanda ya faru da hadin gwiwa kokarin Ishaku Pain, Dionysius Khabal, Nestor Gornitsky da Mykola Kolessa . Tawagar ta koma aiki a watan Agusta 1944. Wasannin kide-kide na farko sun nuna ayyukan Stanyslav Lyudkevych, Vasyl Barvinsky, Mykola Lysenko, Stanisław Moniuszko, Camille Saint-Saens, Pyotr Tchaikovsky, da Karl Maria von Weber .

A tsakanin shekarta 1953 zuwa 1957, da kuma daga baya - a 1987-1989, shugaba na kungiyar kade - Yuriy Lutsiv. Daga 1964 zuwa 1987 Demyan Pelekhaty ya jagoranci kungiyar kade-kade ta kade-kade. Daga shekarar 1989 babban madugu na kungiyar kade-kade ya Ivan Yuzyuk, da conductors Roman Filipchuk da Yarema Kolessa. Daga baya wannan matsayi ya kasance da Aidar Torybayev, Ilya Stupel, Taras Krysa. Tun daga shekarar 2018, kungiyar makada ke yin hadin gwiwa da madugun Ba’amurke dan asalin Ukrainian Theodore Kuhar, wanda a yanzu shi ne babban bako na kungiyar makada.

A shekara ta 2006, anyi wa Lviv National Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra take da "Academic."  A cikin 2018, tare da sa hannu na wannan rukunin, a lokacin wasan kwaikwayo na marubucin Myroslav Skoryk,  Lviv Philharmonic ya sami matsayin "ƙasa". Tun watan Satumba, 2020, ana kiran waƙar Philharmonic sunan wannan mawaki na Ukrainian. Mawakan kade-kade na kungiyar kade-kade sune Mawaƙin Mawaƙi na Ukraine Marko Komonko da Mykola Gavyuk.

Mawakan Symphony na Lviv National Philharmonic na yawan halartar bukukuwan kasa da kasa. Musamman ma, bikin kasa da kasa na fasaha na kiɗa "Virtuosos," bikin kasa da kasa na kiɗa na zamani " Bambance -bambancen," Bikin Ukrainian-Polish "Gano Paderewski." Kungiyar kade-kade ta yi rangadi a kasashe da dama na duniya, ciki har da Poland, Italiya, Spain, Faransa, Switzerland, Jamus, Netherlands, da China. A cikin 'yan lokutan da suka gabata, ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta yi wasu mahimman rikodi don manyan alamun duniya, ciki har da Naxos da Brilliant Classics. 

## Hotuna

Sala koncertowa filharmonii lwowskiej2.JPG|babban yatsan yatsa | Zauren Kiɗa na Lviv Philharmonic
Foyer filharmonii lwowskiej.JPG|babban yatsa | Lviv Philharmonic Foyer
Sala koncertowa filharmonii lwowskiej1.JPG|babban yatsan yatsa | Zauren Kiɗa na Lviv Philharmonic


## Duba kuma

* Music na Ukraine
* Jerin mawakan Ukrainian
* Symphony No. 2 (Revutsky)

## Manazarta

## Sources

* Lviv National Philharmonic Orchestra na Ukraine