Mary Fleming

**[[Mary Fleming]]** (/ˈflɛmɪŋ/; kuma an rubuta *Marie Flemyng*; 1542-fl. 1584) wata mace ce mai daraja ta Scotland kuma abokiyar yarinya kuma dan uwan Maryamu, Sarauniyar Scots . Ita da wasu mata uku masu jiran (Mary Livingston, Mary Beaton da Mary Seton) an san su da "The Four Marys". Yarinyar James IV na Scotland, ta auri sanannen sakatare sarauniya, Sir William Maitland na Lethington .

## Rayuwa
Mary Fleming ita ce ƙaramar yar Malcolm Fleming, 3rd Lord Fleming, da Lady Janet Stewart . An haife ta a shekara ta 1542, shekarar da Ingilishi suka kama mahaifinta a Yaƙin Solway Moss . Mahaifiyarta 'yar James IV na Scotland ce. Lady Fleming ta zama mai kula da jariri sarauniya, wanda aka haifa a shekara ta 1542, kuma gwauruwar sarauniya, Maryamu ta Guise, ta zaɓi 'yar Lady Fleming Mary ta zama ɗaya daga cikin abokai huɗu ga yarinyar sarauniya. Mary Fleming da Mary, Sarauniyar Scotland, sun kasance 'yan uwan farko.

### [[Arran, Saskatchewan|A Faransa]]
A shekara ta 1548, Mary Fleming mai shekaru biyar da mahaifiyarta sun bi Maryamu, Sarauniyar Scots, zuwa kotun Sarki Henry na biyu na Faransa, inda aka haifi yarinyar sarauniya. Mahaifin Mary Fleming ya mutu a shekarar da ta gabata a Yaƙin Pinkie, mahaifiyarta tana da alaƙa da sarkin Faransa, wanda samfurinsa shine ɗa, Henri d'Angoulême, wanda aka haifa a kusa da 1551.

A shekara ta 1554, Maryamu, Sarauniyar Scots ta buga Delphic Sibyl kuma Mary Fleming ita ce Sibyl ta Erythraean a cikin abin rufe fuska da aka yi a Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, wanda Mellin de Saint-Gelais ya rubuta.

### [[Scotland mai kirkirar abubuwa|Scotland]]
Maryamu, Sarauniya ta Scots, da sahabbansa sun koma Scotland a shekara ta 1561 bayan mutuwar Francis II na Faransa. Jami'in diflomasiyyar Ingila Thomas Randolph ya rubuta cewa Mary Fleming ta ta'azantar da sarauniya lokacin da ta damu da gano mawaki na Faransa Chastelard da ke ɓoye a cikin ɗakin gadonta. Bayan samun "wani baƙin ciki na tunani", sarauniya ta dauki Maryamu ta zama "abokiyar zaman kanta".

On 26 May 1562 the four women attended Mary at the ceremony of the opening of the Parliament of Scotland. Thomas Randolph described the procession of "four virgins, maydes, Maries, damoyselles of honor, or the Queen's mignions, cawle [call] them as please your honor, but a fayerrer [fairer] syghte was never seen".

 A Ranar goma sha biyu ta bikin Kirsimeti a watan Janairun 1564, Mary Fleming ta taka rawar sarauniya ta Bean. Thomas Randolph ya shiga cikin rawa, kuma ya bayyana kayan ado:"Sarauniyar Bean ta kasance a wannan rana a cikin rigar tufafin azurfa; kanta, wuyanta, kafadu, sauran jikinta duka sun kasance da duwatsu, don haka ba za a sami mafi yawa a cikin gidanmu na lu'u-lu'u ba. Sarauniyar kanta a wannan rana ta bayyana a cikin launuka fari da baƙi, babu lu'u ko zinariya game da ita a wannan rana, amma zobe da na kawo ta daga (Sarauniya Elizabeth) rataye a ƙirjinta, tare da lace na baki da fari a wuyanta ba. "A ranar 19 ga Satumba 1564, William Kirkcaldy na Grange ya rubuta cewa Sakataren Sarauta, William Maitland, yana nuna sha'awar Mary Fleming: "Ba na shakka amma kun fahimce ni a yanzu, cewa matar sakatarenmu ta kusa mutuwa, kuma shi mai neman Mrs Fleming ne, wanda ya dace da shi, kamar yadda na zama Paparoma!" 

Mary Beaton da Mary Fleming an ba su riguna masu laushi na Jamusanci ko petticoats a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1564, wanda aka bayyana a Faransanci a matsayin "pellison d'Allemaingne" guda biyu.

## Aure zuwa Maitland

Mary Fleming ta auri sakataren sarauta, Sir William Maitland na Lethington, wanda ya girme ta da shekaru da yawa. An gudanar da bikin ne a Stirling Castle a ranar 6 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1567.  Jamie Reid-Baxter ya ba da shawarar cewa wasan kwaikwayo na Scots Renaissance *Philotus*, game da wani ɗan shekara takwas mai lalata da ke neman aure ga yarinya matashiya, ana iya yin sa ne a lokacin bikin auren Maitland-Fleming.

The following evidence may suggest that the marriage was successful despite rumors that they were unhappy and that Mary wished to murder her husband:

# The wedding occurred after a three-year courtship that weathered ambivalent relations between Maitland and Mary, Queen of Scots, to whom Mary Fleming was a lady-in-waiting and had been since the age of five.
# Maitland was so infatuated with Mary Fleming that he wrote to William Cecil about it.&#x5B;**&#x5D;
# The courtship was the talk of both the Scottish and English courts.

## [[Yaƙin basasa na Marian]]
Lokacin da aka daure Maryamu a Lochleven Castle, Maitland da Mary Fleming sun aiko mata da lu'u-lu'u na zinariya wanda ke nuna zaki da linzamin kwamfuta na tatsuniyar Aesop. Wannan alama ce da ke nuna yiwuwar tserewa, da kuma ci gaba da tallafa mata, linzamin kwamfuta zai iya 'yantar da zaki ta hanyar cinye maɓallin net. Maryamu ta sa lu'u-lu'u a gidan sarauta kuma Marie Courcelles, ɗaya daga cikin matanta ta ba da bayanin kuma ta ce kyauta ce daga Fleming. Maryamu ta ajiye wannan lu'u-lu'u tare da ita a Ingila har zuwa mutuwarta.

Mary Fleming da mijinta sun kasance a Edinburgh Castle a shekara ta 1573 lokacin da magoya bayan Maryamu, Sarauniyar Scots suka gudanar da shi a kan sojojin Ingila da ke tallafawa gwamnatin James VI na Scotland. An kama ta tare da mijinta lokacin da gidan ya mika wuya a ranar 28 ga Mayu 1573. An mika ta ga Regent Morton kuma ta kasance fursuna a Gidan Robert Gourlay.  An fitar da mijinta daga gidan sarauta a kan gado saboda bai iya tsayawa ko tafiya ba. Ya mutu a Leith a ranar 9 ga Yuni 1573 kafin a yi masa shari'a a hannun William Drury.

Mary Fleming ta rubuta wa William Cecil a ranar 21 ga Yuni tana rokon cewa jikin mijinta, "wanda lokacin da yake da rai ba a kare shi a cikin hidimar hyaeness ba, zai iya yanzu bayan mutuwarsa, ba shi da kunya ko kunya". A sakamakon haka, Sarauniya Elizabeth ta nemi Regent Morton ya kare jikin, wanda ya yi.

A ranar 29 ga Yuni 1573, kuma a ranar 15 ga Yuli, an umarce ta da ta dawo da sarkar ko wuyan rubies da lu'u-lu'u da take da shi wanda ya kasance na Maryamu, sarauniya ta Scots.   Wannan yanki ya kasance alkawarin kuɗi da aka ba William Kirkcaldy na Grange, kyaftin din Edinburgh Castle .  An bayyana wannan yanki a matsayin "a coin of rubeis tare da goma sha biyu merkis na lu'u-lu'u da rubeis da ane merk tare da twa rubys a cikin 1578. 

## [[Rayuwa]] ta baya
Mary Fleming ba ta karɓi maido da dukiyar Lethington ba har zuwa 1581 ko 1582 ta hanyar kyautar Sarki James VI,  ta sami farfadowa a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 1584 ga kanta da ɗanta. An ba ta damar amfanin dukiyar da Maitland ya ba ta, Bolton a Gabashin Lothian.

Tana da 'ya'ya biyu, yaro James, wanda daga baya ya zama Katolika kuma ya zauna a Faransa da Belgium a gudun hijira, da kuma 'yar Margaret, wacce ta auri Robert Ker, 1st Earl of Roxburghe . A shekara ta 1581, Maryamu, sarauniyar Scots ta nemi Elizabeth I ta ba Fleming amintaccen hali don ta iya ziyartar sarauniyar Scotland da aka tsare. Babu wata shaida da ta nuna cewa Mary Fleming ta tafi. Takardun karshe da aka danganta mata sune wasikar da ta aika wa William Cecil da wasika ga 'yar'uwarta tana tattauna wasu mummunan ra'ayoyin da suka kasance tsakanin Fleming da surukinta Coldingham.

Ta yi aure na biyu, George Meldrum na Fyvie . 

## [[A cikin al'adun gargajiya]]
A cikin fim din 2007 Elizabeth: The Golden Age, uwargidan Mary Stuart mai suna Annette Fleming, wanda Susan Lynch ta buga, yana nuni ne ga Mary Fleming.

A cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na CW na 2013-2017, halin Lady Lola Fleming, wanda Anna Popplewell ta buga, ya dogara ne akan Mary Fleming .

A cikin fim din 2018 Mary Queen of Scots, Mary Fleming ta fito ne daga actress Maria-Victoria Dragus .

Lady Mary Fleming ta fito fili a cikin littafin 1820 The *Abbot* na Walter Scott, inda ta raba da Mary Stewart a kurkuku a Lochleven Castle kuma ta tsere daga ciki.

## Manazarta