Rayehe Mozafarian

**Rayehe Mozafarian** (An haife ta a shekarar 1986) 'yar Iran ce mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata da yara, marubuciya, kuma mai shirya fina-finai. Wacce ta kafa kungiyar Stop FGM Iran Group da Woman and Zoorkhaneh, ta shahara da bincike da kuma wayar da kan mata game da kaciyar mata a Iran da kuma kalubalantar hukumar wasanni ta Zoorkhaneh ta ƙasar da ta hana mata shiga tsohon wasanni na Iran Pahlevani da na zorkhaneh.

Mozafarian ta rubuta littafai da dama, musamman *Reza da Tradition*, waɗanda suka yi nazari kan ɓangarori daban-daban na kaciyar mata, da kuma *Zobe: Duban Auren Yara a Iran* wanda ya mayar da hankali kan auren yara a Iran da kuma musabbabin lamarin. Ta kuma ba da umarni tare da samar da fina-finan gaskiya da yawa. Takardun shirinta na 2022 game da ciwo na Usher, *Halittar* ta sami lambar yabo ta lambar yabo ta TV na shekara-shekara na shida a Iran.

## Rayuwa da aiki

An haifi Rayehe Mozafarian a cikin shekarar 1986 a Shiraz, Iran.    Bayan ta sami digiri a fannin injiniyan gine-gine a shekarar 2008 daga Jami'ar Islama Azad reshen Shiraz, ta ci gaba da karatunta kuma ta kammala a shekarar 2011 a Jami'ar Shiraz inda ta samu digiri a fannin zamantakewa da ci gaban jama'a.

Bayan karatunta da bincike game da kaciyar mata, musamman a tsibirin Qeshm, Mozafarian ta fara rubuta littafinta na farko, *تیغ و سنت* (transl. Reza da Al'ada ). Roshangarn ne ya buga bugu na farko na littafin a cikin shekarar 2013. Littafin ya kunshi babi bakwai ne, inda ya yi nazari kan ɓangarori daban-daban na kaciyar mata, da suka haɗa da fannin kimiyya da likitanci, da kuma rikice-rikice na tunani, ɗaiɗaikun mutane da zamantakewa da sakamakonsa.     Wani sanannen littafi da aka rubuta Mozafarian, *حلقه، نگاهی به ازدواج کودکان در ایران* (transl. Zobe: Duban Auren Yara a Iran), an buga shi a cikin shekarar 2016. Ya mayar da hankali ne kan auren yara a Iran da musabbabin lamarin.   A cikin shekarar 2021, ta buga wani littafi a cikin wannan filin, mai suna *گره: ازدواج زودهنگام در ایران* (transl. Knot: Auren farko a Iran). 

Har ila yau Mozafarian ta ba da umarni da kuma samar da fina-finai da yawa na rubuce-rubuce a cikin aikin nan, ciki har da *Goma arba'in da ɗaya* game da auren yara, *Red snapper* game da kaciyar mata, *The Pit Edge* game da kasancewar mata a cikin pahlevani da zorkhaneh rituals, da kuma *The Creation* game da Usher Syndrome.   An zaɓi *Ƙirƙirar* don Takardun Takaddar Tsawon  Lokaci a Kyautar Takardun Tallafi na Shekara-shekara na Shida a Iran. 

## Gwagwarmaya
Mozafarian ta yi bincike game da kaciyar mata (FMG) a Iran kuma an san ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu fafutukar yaki da wannan lamari a ƙasar.  A cewar bincikenta, tsibirin Qeshm ne ya fi kowacce yawan adadin FMG a Iran, saboda kashi 83% na mata sun yi kaciya.   Mozafarian ta kuma ziyarci Shahindokht Molaverdi, mataimakin shugaban ƙasa kan harkokin mata da iyali na Iran, yana mai gargadi game da wanzuwar wani mummunan nau'i na FGM, wanda ake kira infibulation a wasu sassan lardin Khuzestan.  Duk da cewa FMG a Iran yana faruwa ne saboda akidar gargajiya ba addini da dokokin Musulunci ba,  Binciken da Mozafariya ta yi da wayar da kan jama'a ya haifar da fatawa daga Faqīh Ahlus-Sunnah game da kaciyar mata a watan Oktoban 2019.  A sakamakon haka, duk da rashin wani takamaiman shiri na mata ko yara da ke cikin haɗari ko takamaiman doka da ta saba wa FMG, fatawar ta zama "tayi tasiri sosai wajen sauya tsarin" a FMG.  A cikin shekarar 2015, Mozafarian ta kafa Dakatar da FGM Iran (Mataki zuwa Matakin Dakatar da Kaciyar Mata a Iran),    wanda shine dandalin farko na musamman don hana yaɗuwar wannan al'ada a Iran.  A wannan shekarar, ɗan ƙasar Mozafari kuma mai fafutuka Parvin Zabihi ya bayyana yadda FGM ke da alaka da addini da al'ummar uba a bikin bayar da lambar yabo ta New York Festival International Radio Programme. 

Mozafarian, wacce ke gudanar da tsohuwar wasanni ta Iran Pahlevani da ibadar zoorkhaneh ita kadai kuma ita ce 'yar wasa ta Iran ta farko a wannan fanni,  kuma ta yi kamfen tare da yin aiki don kalubalantar Hukumar Wasannin Zoorkhaneh ta Iran bisa doka don hana mata shiga ayyukan wasannin motsa jiki, kamar yadda ta ke. "ba shi da matsayin addini". A cikin shekarar 2020, wani faifan bidiyo na Mozafarian da abokan wasanta da suke gudanar da wasan ya bazu a intanet, wanda ya haifar da tofin Allah tsine daga 'yan wasa maza da kungiyoyin addini, waɗanda suka yi imanin "maza ne kawai ya kamata a bar su su yi wasanni".   *Aftab Yazd* ya yi wata hira da Mozafarian inda ya nuna adawa da ’yan ta’addan da suka zauna suka yi wa tarayya hari, inda suka yi Allah-wadai da mata masu gudanar da wasanni. Dangane da masu zanga-zangar da ke cewa "Zourkhaneh wuri ne mai tsarki ba wurin mata ba", Mozafarian ta bayyana cewa "Zourkhaneh bai fi ɗakin Allah da masallaci ba" kuma "ba a taɓa hana mata zuwa wurare masu tsarki ba."    Tsohuwar shugabar kungiyar wasanni ta Musulunci ta kasar Iran Faezeh Hashemi Rafsanjani ta shawarci Mozafarian da ta yi la'akari da yin amfani da dandalinta a shafukan sada zumunta domin yin tir da haramcin: "Abin da za a iya yi shi ne yaɗa labarai a shafukan sada zumunta da yin magana a kai, tare da raya shi. Kada ku bari ya mutu."  Mozafarian kuma ta kafa kamfen na mace da Zoorkhaneh. 

Baya ga kokarin da take yi na kare hakkin mata a Iran, Mozafarian mai fafutukar kare hakkin yara ne, ta wayar da kan jama'a game da auren ƙananan yara da yin amfani da yara wajen talla a ƙasar. Ko da yake gwamnatin Iran ta rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar kare hakkin yara, wanda ya yi la'akari da duk mutanen da ke ƙasa da shekaru 18 yara ne kuma bisa ga wannan yarjejeniya, an haramta auren yara 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 18, auren yara yana wanzu a Iran. Mozafarian ta yi nazari kan dalilan da suka haifar da cewa dole ne "yaron ya yi aure ta hanyar yanke hukunci da kuma yanke hukunci" saboda "talauci na tattalin arziki da al'adu na iyalai", da kuma yara masu kula da "kawar da matsalolin iyali kamar su jaraba da talauci.". Mozafarian ta kuma bayyana cewa: "Wasu iyalai suna tilasta wa waɗannan yara ƙanana yin aure da wuri domin su hana 'ya'yansu sanin al'amuran jima'i ko jefa su cikin hadari a dangantakarsu kafin aure."

## Littattafai
Jerin ya dace da shi daga kundin damar jama'a na kan layi.

* *Reza & Al'ada* (2013)
* *bangon Gilashi* (2014)
* *Wani mutumi mai suna Shiraz* (2014)
* *Zobe: Kalli Auren Yara A Iran* (2016)
* *Kalli dalilin da yasa aka daina kaciyar mata a Iran* (2017)
* *Knot: Auren farko a Iran* (2021)
* *Goma, Arba'in da ɗaya: Duban Auren Yara a Iran Bisa Tarihi, Takardu da Ƙididdiga* (2022)

## Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa

## Duba kuma

* Kaciyar mata
* Jerin sunayen matan Iran
* Jerin sunayen masu fafutukar kare hakkin mata
* Hakkokin mata a Iran

## Manazarta