Linda Aiken

**Linda H. Aiken** (an haife ta a ranar 29 ga Yuli, 1943) ma'aikaciyar jinya ce kuma mai bincike 'yar Amurka wacce a halin yanzu ita ce Daraktan Kafa Cibiyar Sakamakon Lafiya da Binciken Manufofi kuma Babbar Jami'a a Cibiyar Tattalin Arzikin Lafiya ta Leonard Davis . Ita ce kuma Farfesa Claire M. Fagin a Jagoranci a Kimiyyar Jinya kuma farfesa a fannin zamantakewa a Jami'ar Pennsylvania, Philadelphia . 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi

### Rayuwa ta farko
Aiken ta girma a Gainesville, Florida, wani gari na kwaleji wanda rayuwar iyalinta ta mayar da hankali kan ayyukan Jami'ar Florida . Iyayenta biyu sun halarci Kwalejin William &amp;amp; Mary .  Wanda ya ba ta shawara shi ne Dorothy Smith, Shugabar Makarantar Aikin Jinya ta Jami'ar Florida . 

### Ilimi
Aiken ta sami digirinta na farko a fannin aikin jinya a Jami'ar Florida a shekarar 1964. Ta ci gaba da samun digiri na biyu a fannin aikin jinya a fannin tiyatar thoracic a shekarar 1966.

Da farko ta yi niyyar zama likitan asibiti kuma ta yi aiki a Asibitin Koyarwa na Shands na tsawon shekaru kaɗan kafin ta yanke shawarar komawa makaranta. Aiken ta haɗu da masana ilimin zamantakewa da yawa masu tasiri a lokacin karatunta na farko da kuma shekarun farko na aiki a matsayin likitan asibiti. 

Ta yanke shawarar komawa makaranta kuma ta sami digirin digirgir a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Jami'ar Texas da ke Austin, wacce ta ƙware a fannin ilimin kididdiga a shekarar 1973.  Ta ci gaba zuwa Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison kuma ta kammala karatun digiri na uku a fannin ilimin zamantakewa na likitanci a shekarar 1974. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Sana'a
 
Bayan kammala karatun digirinta na farko a shekarar 1974, Aiken ta fara aiki a matsayin jami'ar shirye-shirye a Gidauniyar Robert Wood Johnson . Ta yi aiki a wurare daban-daban a can, ciki har da Daraktan Bincike, Mataimakin Mataimakin Shugaba, da Mataimakin Shugaba.

A shekarar 1988, ta shiga jami'ar Pennsylvania . Ta ci gaba da koyarwa a Jami'ar Pennsylvania kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin Farfesa a fannin jagoranci na Clare M. Fagin a fannin jinya, farfesa a fannin zamantakewa, kuma Darakta a Cibiyar Sakamakon Lafiya da Binciken Manufofi. Bugu da ƙari, ita mataimakiyar Bincike ce kuma tana cikin kwamitin zartarwa a Cibiyar Nazarin Jama'a da ke Penn, haka kuma babbar jami'a ce a Cibiyar Tattalin Arzikin Lafiya ta Leonard Davis . Ta kasance farfesa mai ziyara a Katholieke Universiteit Leuven da ke Belgium tun daga lokacin kuma ta kasance farfesa mai taimako a Makarantar Jinya a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Queensland tun daga 2011.

## Bincike
Linda Aiken ta yi aiki a fannin binciken lafiya tsawon mafi yawan lokacin aikinta. Ita ce babbar jami'a a fannin dalilai da sakamakon karancin ma'aikatan jinya a Amurka da ma duniya baki daya.

Bincikenta ya mayar da hankali kan rage bambance-bambancen sakamakon lafiya a tsakanin marasa lafiya daban-daban. Ta jagoranci manyan bincike kan tasirin aikin jinya kan sakamakon lafiya na marasa lafiya, ciki har da tsofaffi marasa lafiya, marasa lafiya marasa galihu, marasa lafiya masu fama da rashin lafiya na dogon lokaci, marasa lafiya da ake yi wa tiyata daban-daban, waɗanda ke ɗauke da cutar kanjamau, da sauran abubuwa. 

Bincikenta ya mayar da hankali kan abubuwan da ke haifar da bambancin ayyukan kiwon lafiya (misali asibitoci, cibiyoyin gyaran hali, da sauransu) kan sakamakon marasa lafiya, tasirin al'adu da yanayin aiki na ƙungiyoyin kiwon lafiya kan sakamakon marasa lafiya, ma'aikata, da farashi, binciken sakamakon kiwon lafiya na ƙasashen duniya, da kuma kimanta sakamakon manufofi da shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya. 

Ita ce darakta mai haɗin gwiwa a RN4CAST, wani bincike kan ma'aikatan jinya da ingancin kula da asibitoci na ƙasashe goma sha huɗu: Turai, China, Afirka ta Kudu, da Botswana. 

Ita ce mai ba da shawara ga Hukumar Lafiya ta China, inda ta ƙirƙiri hanyar sadarwa tare da manyan makarantun jinya guda takwas na China don gudanar da bincike mai dacewa da manufofi. Ita ce kuma ta kafa kuma shugabar ƙungiyar International Hospital Outcomes Consortium, wacce ta gudanar da nazarin ƙasa a ƙasashe goma sha shida da kuma duniya baki ɗaya, kuma tana aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Birnin Kula da Lafiya na Dubai wanda ke haɓaka babban asibitin jami'a da kuma jagorantar nazarin ƙasa kan kula da asibiti a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa . 

Ta kasance ƙwararriyar mai ba da shawara kan kwamitin Firayim Ministan Burtaniya mai zaman kansa kan aikin jinya da ungozoma wanda ya buga rahoton Front Line Care (Rahoton) a shekarar 2010. 

Domin inganta lafiya a ƙasashen tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet, Aiken ta yi aiki tare da American International Health Alliance. Ta kasance shugabar yaɗa shirin Magnet Recognition Program na ƙasashen duniya wanda ya haɗa da kafa shirye-shiryen jinya guda huɗu na ƙwarewa ga asibitoci a Rasha da Armenia . 

## Lambobin yabo da girmamawa
A shekara ta 2005, Aiken ta sami kyautar AcademyHealth Distinguished Investigator Award a fannin Binciken Ayyukan Lafiya saboda bincikenta wanda ya nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin lafiyar majiyyaci da kuma isasshen aikin jinya. A shekara ta 2006, an zaɓe ta a matsayin wacce ta fara karɓar kyautar William B. Graham na Gidauniyar Baxter International don Binciken Ayyukan Lafiya, kuma a shekara ta 2003, ta sami kyautar Individual Earnest A. Codman daga Hukumar Haɗin gwiwa kan Tabbatar da Ƙungiyoyin Lafiya (JCAHO) saboda jagorancinta da kuma nuna alaƙar kula da jinya da sakamakon marasa lafiya.  An zaɓe ta a matsayin abokiyar Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka a shekara ta 1998  kuma an naɗa ta a matsayin Theodore Roosevelt Fellow na Kwalejin Siyasa da Zamantakewa ta Amurka a shekara ta 2003.  Aiken kuma shugabar Kwalejin Kula da Lafiya ta Amurka ce. Bugu da ƙari, Aiken ita ce mai karɓar digirin girmamawa shida. 

## Ayyuka masu shahara

* McHugh, M., Kelly, L., Sloane, D., Aiken, L. *Tsoro Mai Sabani, Umarnin Ma'aikatan Jinya na California Zuwa Marasa Lafiya Bai Rage Ƙwarewar Ma'aikatan Jinya a Asibitoci ba.* Harkokin Lafiya, Yuli 2011, 30(7): 1299–1306. 
* Aiken, LH *Nurses for the Future.* NEJM, Janairu 20 2011, 364(3): 196–198. 
* Naylor, M., Aiken, L., Kurtzman, E., Olds, D., Hirschman, K. *Tsawon Lokacin Kulawa: Muhimmancin Kulawa Mai Sauƙi wajen Samun Gyaran Lafiya.* Harkokin Lafiya, Afrilu 2011, 30(4): 746–754.
* Vahey, DC, Aiken, LH, Sloane, DM, Clarke, SP, Vargas, D. *Ma'aikaciyar jinya da gajiyar marasa lafiya.* Kula da Lafiya, 2004, 42(2): Suppl, II57-66.
* Rogers, AE, Hwang, WT, Scott, LD, Aiken, LH, Dinges, DF *Lokacin Aiki na Ma'aikatan Asibiti da Tsaron Marasa Lafiya.* Harkokin Lafiya, 2004, 23(4): 202–12.
* Aiken, LH *Cimma Ma'aikata Masu Alaƙa da Bangare a Kula da Lafiya.* NEJM, 2003, 348(2): 164–6.
* Aiken, L., Clarke, S., Cheung, R., Sloane, D., Silber, J. *Matakan Ilimi na Ma'aikatan Jinya na Asibiti da Mutuwar Marasa Lafiyar Tiyata.* JAMA, 2003, 290(12): 1617–23.
* Clarke, SP, Aiken, LH *Rashin Ceto.* American J of Nursing, 2003, 103(1): 42–7.
* Aiken, L., Clarke, S., Sloane, D., Sochalski, J., Silber, J. *Ma'aikatan Ma'aikatan Jinya na Asibiti da Mutuwar Marasa Lafiya.* *Koshin Ma'aikatan Jinya da Rashin Gamsuwa a Aiki.* JAMA, 2002, 288(16): 1987–93.
* Cooper, RA, Aiken, LH *Abubuwan da ɗan adam ya bayar: Ma'aikatan Kula da Lafiya da Kasuwannin Lafiya.* JHPPL, 2001, 26(5): 925–38.
* Aiken, L., Clarke, S., Sloane, D., Sochalski, J., Busse, R., Clarke, H., Giovannetti, P., Hunt, J., Rafferty, A., Shamian, J. *Rahoton Ma'aikatan Jinya Kan Kula da Asibiti a Kasashe Biyar.* Harkokin Lafiya, 2001, 20(3): 43–53.
* 

## Manazarta