open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Gidan Tarihin Jirgin Sama na Kudancin Australia

**Gidan Tarihin Jiragen Sama na Kudancin Ostiraliya**, wanda ke Port Adelaide, Kudancin Ostiraliya, gidan tarihi ne na jiragen sama wanda ke nuna jiragen sama, injunan jirgin sama, da rokoki masu mahimmanci ga Kudancin Ostiraliya, da kuma tarihin jiragen sama da masana'antar sararin samaniya a Ostiraliya.

## Tarihi
Asalin gidan tarihin za a iya gano shi tun daga shekarar 1984 lokacin da wata ƙungiyar masu sha'awar tarihin jiragen sama da gyaran jiragen sama suka fara shi.[1] A shekarar 1990 ya zama gidan tarihin jiragen sama na hukuma na Kudancin Ostiraliya lokacin da aka ba shi takardar shaidar wucin gadi ta Hukumar Tarihi ta Kudancin Ostiraliya. A shekara mai zuwa ta zama mai alhakin tarin jiragen sama na tarihi na Jihar.[1]

A shekarar 1996, gidan tarihi ya zama wurin tattara rokoki na gado da ke da alaƙa da Woomera Test Range a tsakanin shekarun 1950 zuwa 1980. Tarin rokoki na gado mallakar Ƙungiyar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Tsaro ce. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

Bayan sauye-sauye da dama, an kafa gidan tarihin a wurin da yake a yanzu a shekarar 2006. An ƙara wani wurin ajiye kaya na biyu a shekarar 2017 don ɗaukar tarin jiragen sama, injuna da nunin da ke da alaƙa da gidan tarihin.

## Tarin

### An nuna jiragen sama

## Manazarta
Gidan kayan gargajiya na Archaeology, Adelaide

**Gidan Tarihi na Tarihin Gargajiya** tarin koyarwa ne na Sashen Tarihi na Gargajiya, Ilimin Tarihi da Tarihin Tsoho a Jami'ar Adelaide da ke Kudancin Ostiraliya.

## Tarihin tarin

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Tun a shekarar 1910, H. Darnley Naylor,[1] Farfesa Hughes na Littattafan Gargajiya a Jami'ar Adelaide, ya yi tsammanin cewa nan gaba kuma "gidan tarihi da na gargajiya da ake buƙata sosai"[2] zai haɗa da gudummawar tsabar kuɗi na gargajiya ga jami'ar kwanan nan. An ƙara ƙarin tarin tsabar kuɗi a shekarun 1920 da 1930. Duk da haka, a shekarun 1960 ne kawai Sashen Littattafai na Gargajiya ya sami akwati da ƙaramin tarin kayan tarihi, galibi tukwane na Girka, waɗanda aka ajiye a cikin sashen. Yayin da koyarwar ilmin kayan tarihi na Girka da na Romawa ke ƙaruwa a Adelaide, haka ma tarin ya kasance. A shekarar 1979, ɗalibai da ma'aikata sun ƙirƙiri babban samfurin Athens don baje kolin na ɗan lokaci a cikin jami'ar. Zuwa shekarar 1980, tarin ya wuce matsayinsa, kuma jami'ar ta amince ta sanya shi a cikin babban ɗakin Henry Basten, a sama a cikin ginin tarihi na Mitchell da ke Arewacin Terrace. An buɗe shi ga jama'a a shekarar 1983, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Dr. Frank Sear. Ma'aikatar ta samar da ma'aikata.

Baya ga abubuwan da jami'ar ta mallaka, sabon Gidan Tarihi na Kayan Tarihi na Gargajiya  ya haɗa da abubuwan Girka da na Romawa akan lamuni na dogon lokaci daga ɗakunan ajiya na Gidan Tarihi na Kudancin Australiya da Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Kudancin Ostiraliya. Wannan haɗin gwiwa mai karimci yana ci gaba har zuwa yau. Al'ummar Girkawa a Adelaide sun daɗe suna tallafawa sashen a cikin ayyukan koyarwa da wayar da kan jama'a. Kwamitin bikin Glendi na Girka mai daɗewa  ya ba da gudummawar kusan sassaka arba'in na sassaka na Gargajiya da na Hellene daga Gwamnatin Girka.

Domin murnar buɗe gidan tarihi a shekarar 1983, Gidauniyar Jami'a ta ba da kuɗaɗen sayen kwalkwali na tagulla na Corinthian - wani nau'in da ya shahara a ƙarni na 6 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa - yayin da Farfesa AD Trendall ya ba da kyautar lekythos na Campanian na ƙarshe na Classical daga ƙungiyar Pagenstecher. An kuma ƙaddamar da "Abokan Gidan Tarihi" a lokacin buɗe gidan, don tallafawa shirin wayar da kan jama'a game da ilmin kayan tarihi na gargajiya, da kuma tara kuɗi don ƙarin sayayya. Wata dama ta bayyana kanta a shekara mai zuwa, lokacin da tarin kayan tarihin marigayi Arthur Dannatt ya shigo kasuwa a Adelaide. Tare da goyon bayan Abokai, an ƙara tarin kayan tarihinsa gaba ɗaya a gidan tarihi. Ta yin hakan, gidan tarihin ya faɗaɗa yanayin al'adunsa, domin Dannatt ya sami ƙananan abubuwa na Girka, Etruscan da Romawa, har ma da abubuwa daga Masar da Mesopotamia.

## Manazarta
.
Tsohon Gidan Gwamnati, Kudancin Australia

**Tsohon Gidan Gwamnati** gini ne mai tarihi da ke cikin Belair National Park, Kudancin Ostiraliya, kuma shine wurin zama na farko na mataimakin sarauta na Kudancin Ostiraliya a lokacin bazara na Gwamnan Kudancin Ostiraliya daga 1860 zuwa 1880,  kuma gwamnoni Richard Graves MacDonnell (1855–62), Dominick Daly (1862-68) da William Jervois (1877–80) sun yi amfani da shi.  An gina shi da dutse mai yashi na gida, tare da tubalin ja don mutanen da suka zo daga tubalin Blackwood, da kuma rufin katako na asali. An ruwaito cewa wurin wanka na cikin gida na gidan shine na farko a yankin.

## Tarihi

### Gonar Gwamnati
Cikin shekaru kaɗan bayan zaman lafiya a Kudancin Ostiraliya, gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta yanke shawarar kafa "Gonar Gwamnati" don manufar tayar da dawaki da bijimai, da kuma samar da ciyawa da abinci. Yankin da aka zaɓa shine saman Kogin Sturt ; Baya ga dacewarsa a matsayin gonaki, gwamna George Gawler ya yi tunanin yankin zai dace da kafa wurin zama na lokacin rani. A watan Yulin 1840, a cikin wata ciniki mara tsari, an bincika sassa goma sha uku na , da kuma an sayi ƙasar  mai wahalar noma a gabas. An yi zargin cewa an biya ta da takardar alkawari ta sirri, maimakon ta hanyar gwamnati. Bugu da ƙari, takardar sayarwar ba ta ambaci sassa uku daga cikin eka 80 ba, ko kuma babban ɓangaren ƙasar mai wahalar noma. Lokacin da aka maye gurbin Gawler da George Grey a watan Mayu na 1841, kuɗin yankin yana cikin bashi mai yawa.

A matsayin wani mataki na tara kuɗi, an bayar da sabuwar gonar don sayarwa ga jama'a. Duk da haka, da sanin cewa mallakar ƙasar abin shakku ne, gwamnati ta soke siyarwar. Abin mamaki, mallakar ƙasar da gwamnati ke zargin an yi wa wannan ƙasar ta tabbatar da cewa ta kasance mallakar jama'a.[1] An rarraba sassan gonar biyar mafi yammacin yamma (wani ɓangare na sassa goma na asali) a matsayin tallafin ƙasa a 1844. An haɓaka su a matsayin gonaki, gonakin inabi da lambunan kasuwa, daga ƙarshe suka zama yankunan Glenalta da Monalta a cikin bunƙasar gidaje na tsakiyar ƙarni na 20. Wannan siyarwar ta bar Gonar Gwamnati kusan gwargwadon yadda take a yanzu, kamar Belair National Park, har zuwa yau.

## Manazarta
Cibiyar Al'adu ta Aboriginal ta Tanduna

**Cibiyar Al'adu ta Aboriginal ta Tandanya**, wacce aka fi sani da **Tandanya**, wani gidan tarihi ne na fasaha da wasan kwaikwayo da ke kan titin Grenfell da ke Adelaide, Kudancin Ostiraliya. Tana da ƙwarewa wajen tallata fasahar 'yan asalin Ostiraliya, gami da fasahar gani, kiɗa, da bayar da labarai, kuma an yi amfani da ita a matsayin wurin yin wasan kwaikwayo na Adelaide Fringe. Ita ce cibiyar al'adu mafi tsufa mallakar 'yan asalin ƙasar kuma tana gudanar da ita a Ostiraliya. An rufe ta don gyaran gine-gine tun daga watan Mayu na 2023 kuma ana sa ran sake buɗe ta a watan Fabrairu na 2026.

## Suna
Cibiyar ta samo asali ne daga *Tarndanya*,  sunan mutanen Aboriginal na Kaurna don tsakiyar birnin Adelaide da yankin wuraren shakatawa, ma'ana "wurin jan kangaroo ".

## Tarihi
Tandanya ita ce cibiyar al'adu mafi tsufa mallakar 'yan asalin ƙasar kuma wacce 'yan asalin ƙasar ke gudanarwa a Ostiraliya, an buɗe ta a shekarar 1989. Nunin farko ya nuna zane-zane a kan siliki da mata daga Utopia a Yankin Arewa suka ƙirƙira, mai taken *Utopia — Labarin Hotuna*.

Tun daga lokacin ta dauki nauyin baje kolin kayayyaki da abubuwan da suka faru iri-iri, ciki har da wasannin kwaikwayo na Adelaide Fringe da kuma kaddamar da yakin neman zaben ' Yan Asalin Kasa na 'Yan Majalisa na Yes' a watan Fabrairun 2023.

### Gine-gine
An gina shi a tsohon Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Grenfell Street (daga baya kwalejin TAFE [1] ) a ƙarshen gabashin titin Grenfell a tsakiyar birnin Adelaide,[2] da kuma hedikwatar ofishin Kamfanin Hasken Lantarki da Ƙarfin Motsi na Kudancin Australia. Ginin asali ya samo asali ne daga 1901, amma an gyara shi sosai kuma an sake gina shi a 1912-13, [1] gami da facade irin na Palladian.[3] An jera ginin a cikin Rijistar Gado ta SA a watan Nuwamba 1984. [4] Akwai "Allon Injiniya na Tarihi" a kan wani bene na ƙasa kusa da gabashin kusurwar arewa maso gabas na ginin, wanda Cibiyar Injiniya, Ostiraliya, Hukumar Kula da Wutar Lantarki ta Kudancin Ostiraliya da Majalisar Birnin Adelaide suka keɓe a ranar 6 ga Afrilu 1995.[5]

## Manazarta
Gidan Tarihin Ruwa na Kudancin Australia

**Gidan Tarihin Maritime na Kudancin Ostiraliya** gidan tarihi ne na gwamnatin jiha, wani ɓangare na Asusun Tarihi na Kudancin Ostiraliya. An buɗe gidan tarihin a shekarar 1986 a cikin tarin gine-ginen tarihi a tsakiyar Port Adelaide, wurin tarihi na farko na Kudancin Ostiraliya.

## Bayani

Gidan kayan tarihi yana gabatar da baje kolin kayan tarihi a cikin wasu shagunan dutse guda biyu da ke makwabtaka da juna, waɗanda aka gina a shekarun 1850. Yana ba wa baƙi damar hawa hasumiyar fitilar Port Adelaide wadda aka gina a shekarar 1869 kuma a farko tana tsaye a ƙofar Kogin Port. Ana ba da jiragen ruwa ga ƙungiyoyin makaranta a cikin harba jiragen ruwa *na Archie Badenoch* (wanda aka gina a 1942) kuma lokaci-lokaci ga jama'a a cikin tururin *Yelta* (wanda aka gina a 1949). Gidan kayan tarihi yana gabatar da wani shiri mai aiki na canza nune-nunen, yawon shakatawa na gidan kayan tarihi da kuma Tashar keɓewa ta Torrens Island, wasannin hutu, shirye-shiryen makarantu da abubuwan da suka faru ciki har da cin abincin dare na tarihi, kiɗa da wasan kwaikwayo. Yana da suna a matsayin gidan kayan tarihi mai hulɗa wanda ke isar da shirye-shirye masu ban sha'awa.

A shekarar 2016, gidan tarihi ya karbi bakuncin bikin baje kolin balaguron ƙasa na shekaru biyu daga Museum d'Histoire Naturelle du Havre, inda aka yi bikin zagayowar tafiyar mai binciken Faransa Nicolas Baudin a shekarar 1800-1804, wanda ya haɗa da taswirar gabar tekun kudancin Ostiraliya, da kuma ganawarsa da Matthew Flinders a Encounter Bay da ke Kudancin Ostiraliya ta yanzu.  

## Jiragen ruwa
Gidan Tarihi na Maritime yana ba da jiragen ruwa guda biyu: Yelta mai jan tururi da jirgin ruwan aikin ruwa Archie Badenoch. An gina Yelta a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Cockatoo Island a shekarar 1949 kuma an sanya masa injin tururi wanda aka gina don corvette amma ya rage lokacin da yaƙin ya ƙare. Masana'antar Birkenhead ta GMH ce ta gina Archie Badenoch a shekarar 1942 don Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Royal Australia kuma daga baya aka yi amfani da shi azaman harba 'yan sanda na Kudancin Ostiraliya. Jiragen da suka fi tsufa a cikin tarin su ne Annie Watt mai ketch na katako wanda aka gina a shekarar 1870 da kuma Nelcebee mai cinikin ƙarfe wanda aka jigilar daga Scotland a sassa daban-daban kuma aka harba a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Inner Harbor ta Port Adelaide a shekarar 1883. Dukansu an adana su a kan tsayayyen wuri. Tarin ya haɗa da jiragen ruwa na gasar Sir James Hardy, masu yanke kamun kifi da kuma wani jirgin ruwa mai kifin ruwa.
Fayil:Yelta.JPG|alt=The steam tug Yelta| Jirgin tururi *Yelta*
Fayil:Archie_Badenoch.JPG|alt=The Archie Badenoch| *Archie Badenoch*
Fayil:Nelcebee.JPG|alt=The ketch Nelcebee| Ketch *Nelcebee*
Fayil:Steam_tug_Fearless.JPG|alt=The steam tug Fearless| Jawowar tururi *Fearless*


## Manazarta

*
Gidan Tarihin Tea Tree Gully

**Gidan Tarihi na Tea Tree Gully**, wanda a da yake **Otal ɗin Highercombe,** gidan tarihi ne na tarihi na gida da ke Tea Tree Gully, Kudancin Ostiraliya. Ma'aikatan sa-kai na Reshen Tea Tree Gully na National Trust of South Ostiraliya ne ke kula da shi kuma ke kula da shi. Gidan Tarihi yana magana ne game da tarihin yankin Tea Tree Gully (Steventon) na Kudancin Ostiraliya. An kafa babban ginin a matsayin Otal ɗin Highercombe a 1854, sannan ya yi aiki a matsayin Ofishin Wasiƙa da Tashar Telegraph daga Mayu 1880 kuma an mayar da shi gidan tarihi a 1965 don ceton ginin.

Gidan tarihi yana ba da abubuwan tarihi na yau da kullun a ranar Lahadi tare da jigogi daban-daban a cikin shekara, tare da yawon shakatawa na makaranta da na rukuni. Yawon shakatawa na fatalwa wani lokacin yana gudana da daddare.

An amince da gidan tarihin a cikin shirin Gidajen Tarihi da Tarin Kayayyaki (MaC) na Asusun Tarihi na Kudancin Ostiraliya.

## Tarihi

### Otal ɗin Highercombe
An gina Otal ɗin Highercombe a shekarar 1854. Wanda ya fara ba da lasisin shi ne William Haines, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Magatakardar Gundumar Majalisar Tea Tree Gully na tsawon shekaru 37 kuma ɗan Majalisar Dokoki na tsawon shekaru 6. Gwamnatin Jiha ta sayi ginin a shekarar 1879 [1] kuma an yi amfani da shi daga 1880 zuwa 1963 a matsayin ofishin gidan waya da na'urar sadarwa. A wannan lokacin an yi amfani da wani ɓangare na ginin a matsayin ajin makaranta da kuma masauki ga iyalan Shugabannin Makarantu da na Masu Gidan Waya.[2] Daga 1963 zuwa 1967 Majalisar Tea Tree Gully ta yi amfani da shi a matsayin ofis da ɗakin karatu.

## Manazarta
Circe mai kishi

***Circe Invidiosa*** zane ne na John William Waterhouse wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1892. Wannan shine zane na biyu da ya yi, bayan *Circe ya miƙa Kofin ga Ulysses* (1891), na halin tatsuniyoyi na gargajiya Circe. Wannan zane na tatsuniyoyi ya dogara ne akan labarin Ovid a cikin *Metamorphoses*, inda Circe ya mayar da Scylla dodon teku, kawai saboda Glaucus ya raina ci gaban soyayyar mai sihiri da fatan samun soyayyar Scylla. Daga baya Waterhouse ya koma kan batun Circe a karo na uku tare da *The Wirceress* (1911). *Circe Invidiosa* wani ɓangare ne na tarin Gidan Tarihi na Kudancin Ostiraliya, wanda kuma ya mallaki littafin Waterhouse na 1883 *The Favourites of the Emperor Honorius*. 

## Bayani
Tatsuniyar Circe, Glaucus, da Scylla ta samo asali ne daga Littafi na XIV na *Metamorphoses* . Takamammen yanayin da Waterhouse ya kafa wannan zanen ya faru ne a layuka na 52-65 na babban waƙar:

Sigar Waterhouse ta nuna Circe tana shawagi a kan ruwan da ke cikin kwarin, tana zuba guba mai haske kore a cikin tafkin da ke ƙasa. A ƙarƙashin ƙafafunta, "siffofi masu haushi" na Scylla sun riga sun yi ta yawo a cikin zurfin da ke ƙasa; canjin yana kan hanya. Ba siffar ɗan adam ta Scylla ko siffar dodonta aka fi mayar da hankali a nan ba. Maimakon haka, ikon fuskar Circe da kishinta da ake iya gani ne ke jagorantar wannan yanayi, yayin da launuka masu haske ke yawo a jikin siffarta.

## Manazarta
A Fitar da Kai!

Zane ne mai suna ***A Break Away!*** wanda wani mai zane ɗan ƙasar Australiya Tom Roberts ya zana a shekarar 1891 .

## Bayani

Zanen ya nuna taron tumaki masu ƙishirwa da ke tattaki zuwa wani madatsar ruwa. Wani makiyayi a kan doki yana ƙoƙarin juya taron kafin su nutse ko su murƙushe junansu don sha'awarsu ta sha.[1] Zanen, wanda shine "alamar fasaha ta Australiya", wani ɓangare ne na jerin ayyukan Roberts waɗanda "ke ɗaukar abin da ya kasance ruhin asalin ƙasa."[1]

Roberts ya zana aikin a Corowa. Zanen ya nuna lokacin fari, tare da ƙarancin ciyawa da ƙasa ta tashi kamar ƙura. Aikin da kansa yana nuna lokutan farko na masana'antar kiwo, waɗanda suka kusa ƙarewa a shekarun 1890. Arthur Streeton ya tuna shekaru bayan haka: "Don zana wannan babban aikin [ *Hutu!* ], Roberts ya yi tafiya na tsawon makonni shida tare da makiyaya." 

## Tarihin nuni da asalinsa
Zanen ya kasance wani ɓangare na Nunin Fasaha na Australiya na 1898 a Landan, babban baje kolin fasaha na farko na Australiya a duniya.

*Hutu!* yanzu wani ɓangare ne na tarin Gidan Tarihi na Kudancin Ostiraliya wanda aka saya a 1899. An haɗa shi a cikin littafin Quintessence Editions Ltd. na 2007 *mai taken Zane-zane 1001 Dole ne Ku Gani Kafin Ku Mutu*. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin zane-zanen Tom Roberts

## Manazarta
Wadanda Sarkin sarakuna Honorius ya fi so

***Zane-zanen da Sarki Honorius ya fi so*** wani zane ne da John William Waterhouse ya kammala a shekarar 1883. Zanen ya nuna Honorius yana ciyar da tsuntsayen da ke kan kafet a gabansa; launukan duhu na kafet da tufafinsa suna bayyana sarari. An raba shi da tsuntsayen da kansiloli suna neman kulawarsa, kuma tare da mai hidimar suna sanye da launuka masu haske.

*Abubuwan da Sarki Honorius ya fi so* wani ɓangare ne na tarin Gidan Tarihi na Kudancin Ostiraliya, wanda kuma ya mallaki Gidan Tarihi na Waterhouse na 1892 *[[Circe mai kishi|Circe Invidiosa]]*. 

An naɗa Honorius Sarkin Yamma yana ɗan shekara 10, bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa Theodosius na ɗaya. A lokacin mulkinsa, daga 393 zuwa 423, ƙabilun ƙasashen waje sun mamaye yankin Daular Roma ta Yamma kuma 'yan Visigoth sun kwace birnin Roma. Ana ɗaukar Honorius a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin sarakunan Roma mafi rauni kuma ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka jawo wa daular rugujewa. Waterhouse yana nuna masa a nan tare da sha'awarsa da ya fi so a lokacin ƙuruciya, maimakon ya kula da harkokin gwamnati cikin gaggawa, kuma yana iya nufin wani labari na apocryphal, wanda Procopius ya ambata a cikin littafinsa na Tarihin Yaƙe-yaƙe inda, da jin labarin cewa Roma ta "lalace", Honorius ya fara mamaki, yana tunanin cewa labarin yana nufin wani kaza da ya fi so wanda ya sanya wa suna "Roma".

## Manazarta
Lokaci huɗu na Rana (Joseph Vernet)

Jerin ***Zane-zanen Four Times of the Day*** jerin zane-zane ne guda huɗu da ke nuna sau huɗu na yini: ***Safiya***, ***Tsakar rana***, ***Maraice***, da ***Dare*** ta mai zane-zanen shimfidar wuri na Faransa Claude Joseph Vernet (1714–1789).   

An zana su a shekarar 1757 a birnin Paris, kuma Gidan Tarihi na Kudancin Ostiraliya, Adelaide ne ke riƙe da su.    Zane-zanen sun ƙunshi wurare huɗu daban-daban da ke nuna safe, tsakar rana, yamma da dare, jerin zane-zane da wasu mawaka na wannan lokacin suka ƙirƙira, ciki har da Vernet da Philip James de Loutherbourg.

## Mai zane
An yi la'akari da Claude Joseph Vernet a matsayin babban mai zane-zanen Faransa a lokacinsa a fannin zane-zanen teku da kuma zane-zanen shimfidar wuri. Ya fito ne daga dangin masu zane-zanen Faransa : shi ɗan mai zane ne na ado, kuma ɗansa Antoine-Charles-Horace Vernet, Carle Vernet (1758-1836), da jikansa Horace Vernet (1789-1863) an san su da masu zane-zanen soja. Vernet ya zauna a Italiya na tsawon shekaru 20, daga shekara ta 1734 zuwa 1753, inda yake da mai zane a Rome . Salonsa ya sami tasiri daga masu zane-zane na Italiya na ƙarni na 17 Claude Lorrain da Salvator Rosa. An yi bikin shimfidar wurare da musamman yanayin teku saboda halayen soyayyarsu. Bayan dawowarsa Faransa, sarkin Faransa Louis XV ya ba shi izinin yin zane-zanen teku a kusa da 1753. Wannan an yi shi ne don nuna jerin tashoshin jiragen ruwa, waɗanda daga cikinsu aka yi zane-zane 15. Aikin ya ɗauki kimanin shekaru 10, kuma har zuwa 1765 ya yi yawo a Faransa yana zana hotunan teku, daga ƙarshe ya bar aikin da ba a gama ba.[1] [2] [3]

## Zane-zane
A cikin jerin zane-zane guda huɗu, hoton farko mai taken Morning . Zane yana nuna wani yanayi na safe mai hazo tare da masunta da jirgin ruwansu. Na biyu, mai taken Midday yana nuna guguwar da ba a zata ba. Zane-zanen Maraice yana nuna mata suna wanka da wanke tufafinsu. Wasan ƙarshe yana nuna wani mashigar dutse, inda masunta ke busar da tarunsu yayin da wasu ke taruwa a kusa da wuta. Hotunan da aka nuna a cikin zane-zanen sune wuraren da Vernet ya fi so waɗanda ya zana a wurare daban-daban a tsawon aikinsa.[1] [2]
Fayil:Claude-Joseph_Vernet_-_The_four_times_of_day-_Morning_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|alt=The four times of day: Morning| Sau huɗu na rana: Safiya
Fayil:Claude-Joseph_Vernet_-_The_four_times_of_day-_Midday_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|alt=The four times of day: Midday| Lokutan yini huɗu: Tsakar rana
Fayil:Claude-Joseph_Vernet_-_The_four_times_of_day-_Evening_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|alt=The four times of day: Evening| Lokutan yini huɗu: Maraice
Fayil:Claude-Joseph_Vernet_-_The_four_times_of_day-_Night_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|alt=The four times of day: Night| Lokutan yini huɗu: Dare


## Manazarta
Hutun hutu a Mentone

***Hutu a Mentone*** wani zane ne da Charles Conder, wani babban memba na ƙungiyar Heidelberg School, wanda aka fi sani da Ostiraliya, ya zana a shekarar 1888. Yana nuna mutanen da ke yin ayyukan bakin teku a rana mai rana a Mentone Beach, a yankin Mentone na Melbourne.

An yi bikin zanen ne saboda kama zafi da hasken rana mai haske wanda ya kebanta da Ostiraliya . An kuma san shi da barkwanci da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na gani, An bayyana *hutu a Mentone* a matsayin "wani sharhi mai ban dariya game da sauya yanayi zuwa fasaha ta hanyar salo, ado, da zane". 

## Bayani
A watan Oktoban 1888, Conder, mai shekaru 20, ya ƙaura zuwa Melbourne daga Sydney . Conder ya haɗu da mai zane Tom Roberts da ke zaune a Melbourne a Sydney a shekarar da ta gabata, sannan kuma a lokacin Ista na 1888, inda suka yi zane mai kyau tare a Coogee Beach. A Melbourne, Conder ya fara zama a ɗakin studio na Roberts' Grosvenor Chambers kuma A Holiday at Mentone ita ce zanensa na farko a sabuwar birnin, wanda aka kammala cikin 'yan makonni da isa can.[1]

A lokacin bazara na 1886–87 a Mentone, Roberts da Frederick McCubbin sun kafa "sansanin masu fasaha" kuma, kamar yadda aka sani, sun haɗu a karon farko da matashin Arthur Streeton, yana zane *a* bakin teku. Waɗannan masu fasaha uku, tare da Conder, sun zama membobin abin da aka sani da ƙungiyar Makarantar Heidelberg, wadda aka fi sani da impressionism ta Australiya.

## Liyafar maraba da gado

An fara nuna zanen a baje kolin bazara na ƙungiyar masu fasaha ta Victorian a watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1888, wata guda bayan da Conder ya isa Melbourne. Da yake bitar shirin, *[[Argus (Melbourne)|jaridar The Argus]]* ta lura cewa: "Charles Conder wani matashi ne mai fasaha wanda ya faɗa ƙarƙashin sihirin masu ra'ayin Faransa." 

## Manazarta
Dakatar da Cin zarafin Kowa

Stop Abuse For Everyone (**SAFE**) kungiya ce ta tashin hankali ta cikin gida da aka fara a shekarar 1996. An kafa shi a Oregon" id="mwIw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon, kuma yanzu yana zaune ne daga Bakersfield, California. Dakatar da Cin zarafi Ga Kowane Mutum yana ba da shawara ga abin da suke kira "mahimmanci" na tashin hankali na gida. Sun bayyana cewa mayar da hankali ne ga kungiyoyin da "rashin sabis", kamar maza, gay, lesbian, da masu canza launin fata, da tsofaffi.

SAFE ta yi iƙirarin cewa maza sun fi shan wahala ta hanyar cin zarafin jiki fiye da mata kuma "maza ma sun kasance wadanda ke fama da tashin hankali na tunani da kuma kula da lafiyar jima'i ko haihuwa fiye da mata".

## Muhimmancinsa
Stop Abuse For Everyone kungiya ce da ke ikirarin bayar da shawarwari game da halin da ake ciki na maza da aka yi wa zalunci da sauran kungiyoyin tashin hankali na cikin gida, kamar wadanda ke fama da LGBT.

SAFE ta bayyana a taron kasa kan tashin hankali na cikin gida, ɗaukar kafofin watsa labarai, da kuma lobbies ga hukumomin gwamnati a Amurka.

Jade Rubick ne ya kafa SAFE a cikin 1996, kuma ya zama kungiya mai zaman kanta a cikin 2001 tare da masu haɗin gwiwa Phil Cook da Stanley Green. 

## Ƙungiyoyin Al'umma
SAFE kungiya ce ta kasa. Ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin al'umma da yawa da ke aiki don faɗaɗa SAFE ga al'umma ita ce Mata a cikin Matsala (WID), cibiyar cin zarafin gida da aka amince da ita, mai takardar shaidar jihar, cikakken sabis a Broward County, Florida.￼

## Manazarta
Wuri Mai Tsarki ga Iyalai

Sanctuary for Families kungiya ce mai zaman kanta da ke Birnin New York da aka sadaukar don taimakawa wadanda ke fama da tashin hankali na gida da yaransu. An kafa shi a cikin shekara ta 1984, ayyukansa sun haɗa da shiga tsakani na rikici, gaggawa da mafaka na wucin gadi, taimakon shari'a da wakilci, shawarwarin manya da yara, da kuma kula da kulawa na dogon lokaci. Sanctuary for Families kuma yana da hannu a cikin horo mai zurfi, wayar da kan jama'a, da shirye-shiryen bayar da shawarwari.

## Kulawar jama'a
Sanctuary for Families yana karɓar karbuwa daga ofishin magajin gari na Birnin New York da ofishin Lauyan Gundumar. Ayyukanta na shari'a na pro bono sun ja hankalin bayanai a cikin labaru game da gwagwarmayar shari'a ta mata waɗanda suka bar dangantaka mai cin zarafi.

A cikin Nicholson v. Williams Sanctuary for Families da kamfanin lauya na jama'a Lansner & Kubitschek sun wakilci karar da aka samu a kan Gwamnatin Kula da Ayyukan Yara ta birnin. Kotun ta yanke hukunci game da aikin ACS na kawo ayyukan sakaci na yara a kan uwaye da kuma cire yara daga kulawarsu bisa ga cewa sun "ba da izinin" yaransu su shaida tashin hankali na gida ko kuma sun "shiga" cikin tashin hankali na cikin gida kawai ta hanyar zama wanda aka azabtar da shi.

A shekara ta 2007, ya kasance daga cikin  fasaha da sabis na zamantakewa na Birnin New York sama da 530 don karɓar wani ɓangare na tallafin dala miliyan 20 (~ $ 29.1 miliyan a 2024) daga Kamfanin Carnegie, wanda ya yiwu ta hanyar gudummawar magajin garin New York Michael Bloomberg.

Wata mai fafutukar siyasa ta Instagram, Emily Amick, ta fara aikinta a kungiyar da ba ta da riba kuma a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin lauya game da kare hakkin dan adam.

## Manazarta
Miss Collins

***Miss Collins*** zane ne na zane- zane na 1924 wanda mai zane-zanen Australiya William Beckwith McInnes ya zana. Zanen ya nuna Miss Gladys Neville Collins, 'yar JT Collins, lauya, mai zane-zanen Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Victoria, kuma amintaccen Laburaren Jama'a, Gidajen Tarihi da Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa na Victoria.

An ba wa zanen kyautar Archibald ta 1924.

The painting was acquired by the Art Gallery of South Australia in 1930 through the Morgan Thomas Bequest Fund and remains part of its collection.[1]

## Manazarta
Shirin Iyalai Masu Zaman Lafiya

**Shirin Iyalai Masu Zaman Lafiya** (**PFP**) yana daga cikin kungiyoyin Musulmai na farko da ke aiki don kawo karshen tashin hankali na cikin gida a cikin iyalai da al'ummomin Musulmai. Kungiyar kasa da aka kafa a Arewacin Virginia a cikin 2000, suna ba da bita na wayar da kan jama'a ga shugabannin al'ummar musulmi da membobin, da kuma horar da al'adu ga masu sana'a da ke aiki da Musulmai.

## Tushen
Sharifa Alkhateeb (1946-2004) ne ya kafa PFP a cikin shekara ta 2000. Alkhateeb ta kasance majagaba wacce ta shafe shekaru 40 tana ba da shawara ga haƙƙin ɗan adam na Musulmai a Amurka, da kuma haƙƙin mata Musulmai musamman. Ta yi aiki a madadin Musulmai da ke fama da tashin hankali na gida, kuma ta yi aiki tare da shugabannin Musulmai da al'ummomi a duk faɗin ƙasar daga 2000-2004 tana gudanar da bita don wayar da kan jama'a. A shekara ta 1993 ta gudanar da binciken kasa na farko game da yaduwar tashin hankali na jiki tsakanin Musulmai a Amurka, wanda ya nuna cewa kashi 10% na Musulmai suna fuskantar cin zarafin jiki, adadi wanda ya dace da kididdigar ƙasa da sauran ƙungiyoyin bangaskiya. Ƙaunar da take yi wahayi zuwa ga masu gwagwarmayar Musulmi su zama masu aiki a cikin al'ummominsu, wanda ya haifar da ci gaban kungiyoyin tashin hankali na cikin gida da albarkatun wadanda aka azabtar a cikin al-ummomin Musulmai da yawa.

## Ayyuka da wallafe-wallafen yanzu
PFP ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin tashin hankali na gida na Musulmi na farko don haɓaka albarkatun ilimi waɗanda aka tsara musamman don masu sauraron Musulmi. A shekara ta 2007 sun buga littafi na farko da aka gyara game da tashin hankali na gida tsakanin Musulmai, Change From Within: Diverse Perspectives on Domestic Violence in Muslim Communities. Sun kuma hada kai da samar da shirin farko game da tashin hankali na gida tsakanin Musulmai tare da Cibiyar FaithTrust, Garments for One: Ending Domestic Violence in Muslim Families . Co-Director yana aiki a kan ƙungiyar jagoranci ta Cibiyar FaithTrust .￼

## Dubi kuma

* Musulunci da tashin hankali na cikin gida
* Gidauniyar AHA, kungiyar da aka sadaukar da ita ga 'yancin mata Musulmi

## Manazarta
 
## Haɗin waje

* Shafin yanar gizon Iyalin Zaman Lafiya
* Labari: Musulmi Mata Magana Cin zarafin Elayne Clift
Ofishin Jihar New York don Rigakafin Rikicin Cikin Gida

**Ofishin Jihar New York don Rigakafin [[Rikicin cikin gida a Amurka|Rikicin cikin gida]]** hukuma ce ta Gwamnatin jihar New York a cikin Sashen Zartarwa  wanda aka kirkira a 1992 don taimakawa mazaunan jihar New York su magance tashin hankali na cikin gida a rayuwarsu da na abokansu, dangi, maƙwabta, da sanannunsu a jihar.  Daraktan zartarwa na yanzu shine Kelli Owens . 

Ofishin ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen aiwatar da dokar maƙurewa ta jihar a cikin 2010 wanda ke rarraba niyyar kashewa tare da wannan hanyar cutarwa a matsayin Laifi: Idan mai laifi ya saki hannunsa a cikin wani lokaci, yawanci babu wata shaida da ta faru. Darakta mai zartarwa Amy Barash ta bayyana a shekarar 2013, lokacin da aka tambaye ta game da ci gaba har zuwa lokacin: "Yawan kisan kai ya ragu a cikin shekaru ashirin da biyar da suka gabata.... Yawancin ci gaban shari'a ya faru ne saboda Dokar Tarayya ta Cin zarafin Mata.[1]￼

## Daraktoci masu gudanarwa

* Kelli Owens, 2019-yanzu 
* Gwen Wright, 2012-2019
* Amy Barasch, 2007-12 

## Manazarta
Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Maza da ke Yaki da Jima'i

Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Maza da Jima'i (NOMAS) ƙungiya ce ta Amurka wacce ta fara a cikin shekarun 1970s a matsayin mai ba da gudummawa ga ƙungiyar mata ta biyu ta lokacin. A shekara ta 1982, kungiyar, wacce ake kira M&M (Maza da Maza), ta zabi majalisa ta farko "don samar da jagoranci ga ƙungiyar maza masu adawa da jima'i. "  A shekara ta 1990, kungiyar ta karɓi sunanta na yanzu.

A cewar shafin yanar gizon, "NOMAS tana ba da shawarar hangen nesa wanda ke goyon bayan mata, mai tabbatar da gay, mai adawa da wariyar launin fata, wanda aka sadaukar don inganta rayuwar maza, kuma ya himmatu ga adalci a kan batutuwan zamantakewa da suka hada da aji, Shekaru, Addini, da iyawar jiki. " [1] Kungiyar wani bangare ne na Motsi na maza wanda ya haɗa da 'yancin maza, motsi na mata, motsi mai suna kiyayewa. [2]￼

## Ka'idoji
NOMAS ta yi imanin cewa "maza za su iya rayuwa a matsayin mutane masu farin ciki da gamsuwa ta hanyar kalubalantar tsoffin ka'idojin namiji waɗanda ke nuna zaton namiji ya fi girma. "  "Muna yaba da tallafawa fahimta da canje-canje masu kyau na zamantakewa waɗanda mata suka haifar wa mata da maza. Muna adawa da irin wannan rashin adalci ga mata kamar Kisan mata, tattalin arziki da nuna bambanci na shari'a, fyade, tashin hankali na gida, cin zarafin jima'i, da sauransu da yawa".Ɗaya daga cikin damuwa mafi karfi da zurfi na yawancin maza na Amurka shine tsoron da suke da shi game da luwaɗi. Wannan homophobia yana ba da gudummawa kai tsaye ga rashin adalci da yawa da gay, lesbian da bisexual suka fuskanta, kuma yana da ƙuntatawa ga maza masu jima'i.Rashin adalci na wariyar launin fata, wanda kamar jima'i ya raba bil'adama zuwa kungiyoyi marasa daidaito da ke warewa, yana da matukar damuwa a gare mu. Nuna wariyar launin fata ya taɓa mu duka kuma ya kasance tushen farko na rashin daidaito da zalunci a cikin al'ummarmu. NOMAS ta himmatu ga bincika da kalubalantar wariyar launin fata a cikin kungiyoyinmu, al'ummominmu, da kanmu. Mun kuma yarda cewa mutane da yawa suna zalunci a yau saboda aji, Shekaru, Addini da yanayin jiki. Mun yi imanin cewa irin wannan rashin adalci yana da alaƙa da jima'i, tare da ainihin tushen rarraba iko. Manufarmu ita ce canza ba kawai kanmu da sauran mutane ba har ma da cibiyoyin da ke haifar da rashin daidaito.

## Manazarta
Katie Allen (ɗan siyasa)

**Katrina Jane Allen**24 ga watan  Fabrairu 1966 - 23 ga watan Disamba 2025) ta kasance mai binciken kiwon lafiya kuma 'yar siyasa a Australia. Ta kasance memba na Majalisar Wakilai daga shekara ta 2019 zuwa 2022, tana wakiltar kujerar Higgins a Victoria don Jam'iyyar Liberal . Kafin aikinta na siyasa ta kasance likitan yara da likitan gastroenterologist a Asibitin Yara na Royal a Melbourne kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin darakta na Cibiyar Binciken Abinci da Allergy a Cibiyar Bindindin ta Yara ta Murdoch.
## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Allen a ranar 24 ga watan Fabrairu a shekarar ta 1966 a Albury, New South Wales . Ta girma a kasar New South Wales kuma ta tafi makarantar kwana a Melbourne Girls Grammar . 
An haifi mahaifin Allen a tsibirin Ocean a cikin mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya na Gilbert da Ellice Islands (Kiribati na yanzu). Ta rike 'yancin Burtaniya ta hanyar zuriya har zuwa Maris 2019 lokacin da ta yi watsi da shi don yin takarar majalisa.Mahaifiyarta ita ce sakatariyar reshen Albury na Jam'iyyar Liberal. Mahaifiyarta tana ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun iyalai masu yin ruwan inabi a Ostiraliya, tare da ƙarni shida suna yin ruwan inapi a yankin Rutherglen.
## Rayuwa da mutuwarsa
Allen tana da 'ya'ya hudu tare da mijinta Malcolm . Sun zauna a Toorak, Victoria, a shekara ta 2004.
A ranar 8 ga Mayu 2025, bayan da ba ta yi nasara ba a takarar masu jefa kuri'a na Chisholm a Zaben tarayya a makon da ya gabata, Allen ta sanar da cewa an gano ta da cholangiocarcinoma, ciwon daji na bututun bile. An gano Allen a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2023, amma ya zaɓi kada ya bayyana shi yayin da yake yakin neman zabe don komawa majalisa.
Allen ya mutu daga cholangiocarcinoma a Melbourne, Australia a ranar 23 ga Disamba 2025 yana da shekaru 59.

## Manazarta
Babban Makarantar 'Yan Mata ta St. Francis

**Makarantar Sakandare ta 'Yan Mata ta Saint Francis ta Assisi** ita ce makarantar sakandare ta 'yan mata kaɗai da ke Jirapa a Yankin Yammacin Ghana .

## Tarihi
Cocin Katolika na Roman Katolika ne ya kafa ta a ƙarƙashin ikon marigayi Rt. Rev. Gabriel Chapagne, na Missionaries of Africa, Bishop na Tamale na lokacin da kuma marigayi Cardinal Peter Porekuu Dery a matsayin waɗanda suka kafa ta tare da haɗin gwiwar Sisters of the Franciscan Missionaries of Mary (FMM), wata cocin addini na mata na duniya a shekarar 1959 a matsayin makarantar sakandare ta farko ta 'yan mata a Arewacin Ghana.  A halin yanzu yawan ɗalibai ya kai kusan 1200. Tana kan titin Wa-Hamile Trunk, kimanin kilomita 2 daga babban garin Jirapa . St. Francis na Assisi, Jirapa makarantar kwana ce ta 'yan mata. Ɗaliban sun fito daga kowane yanki na Ghana. Wannan makarantar sakandare ta Katolika ta 'yan mata tana da makarantar 'yan'uwa: Makarantar Sakandare ta St. Francis a Sacramento, California, Amurka. Taken: Ad Veritatem per Caritatem wanda ke nufin "Gaskiya Ta Hanyar Sadaka"

## Nasara
Ana ƙirga Makarantar Sakandare ta 'Yan Mata ta St. Francis a matsayin rukuni na "A" na makarantu a Ghana waɗanda ke da babban matakin ilimi da aiki tuƙuru tsakanin ɗalibai da ma'aikatan aiki. 

## Manazarta
Mark Branson

**Mark Branson** (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1968, Colchester, Ingila) masanin kasuwar kudi ne na Burtaniya da Switzerland kuma tsohon manajan banki. Ya kasance Shugaban Hukumar Kula da Kudi ta Tarayya Jamus tun daga 1 ga Agusta 2021 kuma ya kasance Darakta na Hukumar Kula da Kasuwancin Kasuwancin Switzerland (FINMA) daga 2014 zuwa 2021.

## Rayuwa

### Ilimi
Branson ta yi karatun lissafi da Nazarin Gudanarwa (M.A.) a Kwalejin Triniti, Jami'ar Cambridge, daga 1986 zuwa 1990, kuma ta sami digiri na biyu a Binciken Ayyuka (M.Sc.) a Jami'ar Lancaster . 

### Manajan Bankin
Da farko, Branson ya yi aiki ga babban bankin Switzerland Credit Suisse, da sauran abubuwa a matsayin gudanarwa a Landan. Tsakanin 1997 da 2009 ya rike mukamai daban-daban tare da UBS, wani babban bankin Switzerland, gami da Union Bank of Switzerland (UBS) shugaban sadarwa daga 2001 zuwa 2005. Daga 2006 zuwa 2008, ya rike mukamin Shugaba na UBS Securities Japan Ltd. kuma ya kasance shugaban kasar a Japan. Kwanan nan, ya kasance CFO na UBS's Wealth Management da Swiss Bank kasuwanci division a Zurich, wanda ke da alhakin kudi da kuma kula da haɗari.

### Hukumar Kula da Kasuwancin Kasuwanci ta Switzerland
Branson ya shiga Hukumar Kula da Kasuwancin Kudi ta Switzerland (FINMA) a ranar 1 ga Janairun 2010 a matsayin Shugaban Sashen Bankin kuma memba na kwamitin zartarwa. A matsayinsa na Shugaban Sashen Bankin, yana da alhakin lasisi da kula da dukkan bankunan Switzerland da dillalan tsaro. An nada shi mataimakin darektan FINMA a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 2013. Ya hau mulki a matsayin Darakta na FINMA a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 2014. Ya gaji tsohon Darakta Patrick Raaflaub, wanda ya bar FINMA ba zato ba tsammani. An soki nadin Branson a matsayin darektan hukumar kula da kudi ta Switzerland saboda ya kasance shugaban UBS a Japan a lokacin da ake amfani da kudaden shiga na Japan "TIBOR".   A can ne ke da alhakin banki na saka hannun jari, kasuwancin tsaro da kuma kula da kadarori da kuma kulawar dukiya. A sakamakon magudi da kuma "Liber scandal" bi da bi, Bankin UBS ya biya tarar Yuro biliyan 2.5 da Yuro biliyar 1.2. Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ta yi watsi da tarar Yuro biliyan 2.5 saboda UBS ta taimaka wajen bayyana magudi.   A matsayinsa na darektan FINMA, Branson ya kasance shugaban kwamitin rikicin kudi na kasa kuma memba ne na kwamitin ba da shawara "Cibiyar Kudi ta gaba". A ranar 1 ga Nuwamba 2017, ya kuma zama Shugaban Ƙungiyar Gudanar da Ƙaddamarwa (ReSG) na Hukumar Kula da Kudi (FSB) kuma ta haka ne memba na Kwamitin Gudanarwa. Ya kuma wakilci Switzerland a matsayin memba na Ƙungiyar Gwamnonin Babban Bankin da Shugabannin Kulawa (GHOS).  Ya bar FINMA a ƙarshen Mayu 2021.

### Hukumar Kula da Kudi ta Tarayya
Ministan Kudi na Jamus Olaf Scholz (SPD) ya sanar a ranar 22 ga Maris 2021 cewa Branson zai gaji Felix Hufeld, tsohon Shugaban Hukumar Kula da Kudi ta Tarayya (BaFin), a ranar 1 ga Agusta 2021 a baya-bayan nan. Branson ya hau mulki a ranar 1 ga watan Agusta 2021. Shi memba ne na Kwamitin Tabbatar da Kudi (AFS) kuma yana ci gaba da jagorantar Ƙungiyar Gudanar da Ƙuduri (ReSG) na Kwamitin Kula da Tabbatar da Kuɗi (FSB). 

## manazarta
ABC1 (Tarihin talabijin na Burtaniya da Irish)

**ABC1** tashar talabijin ce mallakar sashin Disney-ABC Television Group na Kamfanin Walt Disney, wacce masu kallo ke samu a Burtaniya da Ireland . ABC1 ta yi amfani da alamar kamfanin sadarwa na Amurka mallakar Disney, ABC .

Tashar tana da shirye-shiryen nishaɗi gabaɗaya tare da shirye-shirye daga tashar iyaye ta Amurka, ban da shirin Playhouse Disney na safe na ƙarshen mako, wanda aka yi niyya ga yara kuma an watsa shi a Tashar Disney a Amurka.  

## Tarihi
An fara ƙaddamar da tashar ABC1 ne kawai a kan dandamalin talabijin na dijital na Burtaniya Freeview a ranar 27 ga Satumba, 2004, amma tana watsa shirye-shirye ne kawai kowace rana daga ƙarfe 6 na safe zuwa 6 na yamma  tare da tsammanin daga ƙarshe za a watsa shirye-shirye 24/7 nan da 2010. Tashar ba ta samuwa a Freeview a Wales ba saboda S4C ta ɗauki sararin samaniyar multiplex A. Tashar ba ta da talla a cikin watanni na farko don ƙarfafa masu kallo.   A watan Disamba na 2004, an faɗaɗa ta a kan sabis na kebul na dijital na Telewest,  kuma a ranar 14 ga Disamba a kan sabis na kebul na dijital na NTL. 

A watan Maris na 2005, ABC1 ta karɓi tallanta ta farko daga Procter and Gamble .  Ba kamar sauran tashoshi a Burtaniya da Ireland ba, waɗanda ke da tallace-tallace gabaɗaya a kowane minti 15, hutun tallan ABC1 ya yi kama da tashoshi a Amurka, inda ake gudanar da tallace-tallace kai tsaye bayan jerin taken wasan kwaikwayo da kuma kafin ƙarshen wasan kwaikwayo, ba tare da wani hutun talla ba yayin wasan kwaikwayo ko tsakanin shirye-shiryen. Haka kuma a shekarar 2005, Sky ta fara ɗaukar tashar.  A lokacin bazara na 2006, an ƙara wani toshe na Playhouse Disney zuwa jadawalin da safe. 

An sanar da cewa ABC1 za ta rufe, saboda Disney ta yanke shawarar mayar da hankali kan sauran tashoshinta da kuma rashin samun damar yin amfani da su a Freeview UK.  Duk da cewa an shirya rufe su a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 2007, ABC1 ta dakatar da watsa shirye-shirye da wuri a duk dandamalin talabijin na Burtaniya da Ireland da tsakar rana a ranar 26 ga Satumba, 2007 bayan shekaru uku da aka yi a shirye-shiryen. An cire tashar daga EPGs nan da nan bayan haka.

A ranar 30 ga Oktoba 2007, an maye gurbin tsohon filin Sky EPG na tashar da Playhouse Disney +, sabis na canza lokaci na mintuna 25 na Playhouse Disney.

## Manazarta
Nick Bruty

**Nicholas Anthony Bruty** (wanda aka fi sani da ***Nick Bruty) *** ɗan Wasan bidiyo ne na Birtaniya kuma ɗan kasuwa, wanda aka sani da aiki a wasannin bidiyo kamar Earthworm Jim, Earthworm jim 2, da *MDK* .

## Tarihin rayuwa

### Farkon aiki
An haifi Bruty a shekarar 1969, a Longfield, Kent,  kuma an girma kuma ya yi karatu a Livingston, Scotland.  Ya fara shiga wasannin bidiyo lokacin da yake dan shekara 15, yana aiki a kamfanin SoftStone tare da abokinsa David Quinn, ya kammala wasu ayyukan kafin SoftStone ya fadi a shekarar 1984

A shekara ta 1987, Bruty ya shiga Probe Software, inda ya sadu da wani sanannen masana'antu: David Perry . Tare sun kafa ƙungiya, tare da Bruty a matsayin mai zane da Perry a matsayin mai tsarawa, suna yin wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya kamar Trantor: The Last Stormtrooper, Savage, Overlord da *Dan Dare 3*. A shekara ta 1992, Perry da Bruty dukansu sun shiga ƙungiyar Amurka ta Wasannin Virgin, inda suka yi aiki a kan Global Gladiators, Cool Spot, *Aladdin* da The Jungle Book .

### Nishaɗi Mai Haskakawa
A shekara ta 1993, David Perry ya kafa Shiny Entertainment a California, kuma Bruty, tare da wasu mambobin Virgin Games, sun biyo bayan kammala *Littafin Jungle*. Yayinda yake a Shiny, Bruty ya jagoranci jagorancin fasaha a kan masu ba da gudummawa na Earthworm Jim da sakamakonsa. A cikin Special Edition na Earthworm Jim, an sanya sunan matakin "Big Bruty" bayan shi.

Shiny ya samar da mai harbi *MDK* a shekarar 1997. Bruty ne ke da alhakin ra'ayin wasan da kansa, haruffa, da kuma salon sa na ban dariya.

### Dakin studio na Planet Moon
Bayan *MDK*, Bruty ya bar Shiny  kuma ya kafa kamfanin wasan bidiyo Planet Moon Studios tare da wasu tsoffin ma'aikatan Shiny Tim Williams da Scott Guest. Kamfanin ya sanya *Giants: Citizen Kabuto*, Armed and Dangerous (wanda *MDK* ya rinjayi) da Infected. A cikin 2011, Planet Moon ya rufe, kuma ma'aikatan kamfanin sun sami masu haɓaka wasannin kan layi Bigpoint Games.

### Wasannin Rocket na Rogue
A watan Maris na shekara ta 2011 Bruty da tsohon mai tsara shirye-shiryen Planet Moon Studios Richard Sun sun kafa sabon kamfanin wasa: Rogue Rocket Games . A watan Maris na shekara ta 2014, Bruty da Rogue Rocket Games sun sanar da First Wonder, wani ruhaniya mai zuwa ga *Giants: Citizen Kabuto* . Sun fara kamfen na Kickstarter a ranar 25 ga Satumba, 2015;  duk da haka kamfen ɗin bai cika burinsa na kudade ba kuma an soke aikin. 

## Manazarta
Chobe (mazabar Botwana)

**Chobe** mazabar 'yan majalisa ce a gundumar Chobe wadda aka kafa a shekarar 2002. Tun daga shekarar 2024, Simasiku Mapulanga na jam'iyyar Botswana Congress Party ya wakilci yankin a Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa ta Botswana . 

## Bayanan mazabar
An ƙirƙiri mazabar a shekarar 2002, inda aka raba Maun/Chobe zuwa mazabu uku ( Maun West, Maun East da Chobe). Tun lokacin da aka kafa ta, Chobe ta fi kaɗa ƙuri'a ga 'yan takarar BDP, sai dai a shekarar 2009, lokacin da ta kaɗa ƙuri'a ga BCP . Tana da alaƙa da Gundumar Chobe kuma ta ƙunshi ƙauyuka masu zuwa: 

# Kasane
# Lesoma
# Mabele
# Muchenje
# Pandamatenga
# Kachikau
# Kavimba
# Satau
# Parakarungu
# Kazungula

## 'Yan Majalisar Dokoki
**Maɓalli:** BDP BCP

## Sakamakon zaɓe

### Zaɓen 2024

### Zaɓen 2019

### Zaɓen 2014

### Zaɓen 2009

### Zaɓen 2004

## Manazarta
Cibiyar Fasaha ta Taipei

**Cibiyar Fasaha ta 'Yan Kwando ta Taipei** ( **PACT** ; traditional Chinese      ) cibiyar fasaha ce a gundumar Songshan, Taipei, Taiwan.

## Tarihi
A shekarar 1998, Lin Ching-fu, shugaban Gidauniyar Fasaha da Al'adu ta Taiyuan, ya ba da gudummawar tarin kayan tsana da ya tara tsawon shekaru ga Gwamnatin Birnin Taipei .   Daga nan sai Ma'aikatar Harkokin Al'adu ta gwamnatin birnin ta tsara cibiyar.  Daga ƙarshe aka buɗe cibiyar a ranar 7 ga Agusta 2004. 

## Gine-gine
An raba tsakiyar cibiyar zuwa yankuna huɗu, waɗanda su ne 'yan tsana na safar hannu, 'yan tsana na igiya, 'yan tsana na inuwa da wasannin hulɗa. 

## Ayyuka
Cibiyar tana gudanar da wasannin kwaikwayo na 'yar tsana da kuma azuzuwan koyarwa na 'yar tsana, gami da taron bita na yin 'yar tsana.   

## Sufuri
Cibiyar tana da nisan tafiya kudu maso yamma da Tashar Nanjing Sanmin ta Taipei Metro .

## Duba kuma

* Jerin wuraren shakatawa na masu yawon bude ido a Taiwan

## Manazarta
Robert Carswell, Baron Carswell

**Robert Douglas Carswell, Baron Carswell**, PC KC, (28 ga Yuni 1934 - 4 ga Mayu 2023) lauya ne kuma alkali ɗan Birtaniya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Alkali na Arewacin Ireland kuma Ubangijin Ɗalibi a Al'ada .

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Ɗan Alan Carswell da matarsa Nance Corlett, Robert Carswell ya yi karatu a Royal Belfast Academic Institution da Kwalejin Pembroke, Oxford inda ya sami digirin BA a fannin Classics and Law a shekarar 1956 (daga baya ya koma MA ). Shekaru biyu bayan haka ya kammala karatunsa daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Chicago tare da Likitan Shari'a .

## Aikin shari'a
An kira Carswell zuwa mashaya a shekarar 1957 kuma ya ɗauki siliki a shekarar 1971. 

Carswell ya kasance Lauya ga Babban Lauyan Arewacin Ireland a shekarun 1969 da 1971, kuma Babban Lauyan Karamar Hukuma a Arewacin Ireland daga 1979 zuwa 1984. A shekarar 1984, ya zama Alkali a Babbar Kotun Shari'a ta Arewacin Ireland, mukamin da ya rike har zuwa 1992. Ya kasance Alkalin Daukaka Kara a Kotun Koli ta Shari'a a Arewacin Ireland daga 1992 zuwa 1997 da kuma Babban Alkalin Alkalai na Arewacin Ireland daga 1997 zuwa 2004. An nada Lord Carswell Lauyan Sarauniya a 1971.

An ba Carswell lambar yabo ta gwarzo a shekarar 1988 kuma ya zama Mai Ba da Shawara na Sirri a shekarar 1993. An naɗa shi Lord of Appeal in Ordinary  a matsayin **Baron Carswell**, na Killeen a Gundumar Down a ranar 12 ga Janairu, 2004.   Ya zauna a Majalisar Dattawa a matsayin mai bin doka har zuwa lokacin da ya yi ritaya daga zama memba na Majalisar a ranar 29 ga Oktoba, 2019. 

Daga 2009 zuwa 2010, Lord Carswell ya jagoranci wani bincike kan ayyukan Jami'an Sarauta na Jersey ( Mai Shari'a, Mataimakin Mai Shari'a, Babban Lauya da Babban Lauya), inda ya gabatar da wani rahoto da ke ba da shawarar yin gyare-gyare ga Jihohin Jersey a ranar 6 ga Disamba, 2010.

## Aure da yara
Carswell ya auri Romayne Winifred Ferris a shekarar 1961; suna da 'ya'ya mata biyu. An naɗa Lady Carswell a matsayin Lieutenant na Belfast a shekarar 2000.

## Mutuwa
Lord Carswell ya mutu a ranar 4 ga Mayu 2023 yana da shekaru 88. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin 'Yan Majalisar Iyali na Arewacin Ireland

## Manazarta
Ruwa a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Auckland

**Auckland Harbour Crossing**, wanda kuma ake kira **Sovereign Harbour Crossing** bayan kamfanin da ke daukar nauyin gasar, wani taron ninkaya /tseren teku ne na shekara-shekara a Auckland, New Zealand. Ya ƙunshi  yin iyo a kan Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Waitematā, tare da hanyar da ke tafiya daga wurare kamar Stanley Bay ko Bayswater a Gabar Teku ta Arewa zuwa ƙarshen Viaduct Basin a yankin kasuwanci na tsakiyar Auckland . Masu shiga dole ne su kammala tseren cikin ƙasa da mintuna 105,  amma masu fafatawa da suka yi nasara galibi suna ɗaukar ƙasa da mintuna 30 don nisan,  kodayake kwararar ruwa da yanayin raƙuman ruwa na iya canza matsakaicin lokaci kaɗan.

An fara gudanar da gasar ne a shekarar 2004 tare da kimanin masu shiga 500,  kuma tun daga shekarar 2009, ta jawo hankalin masu ninkaya sama da 1,400. Mai daukar nauyin sanya suna shine Sovereign, wani kamfanin inshora na New Zealand wanda ke daukar nauyin jerin wasannin ninkaya na 'Ocean Swim'. 

Tseren, yayin da masu tsaron rai da jiragen ruwa na tsaro ke halarta, kuma ana kula da shi don a dakatar da zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa a tashar jiragen ruwa na tsawon lokaci, ba tare da wata haɗari ba, kuma an sami mace-mace biyu tsakanin masu fafatawa, sau ɗaya a shekara ta 2005 (wanda ake zargin bugun zuciya),  da kuma sau ɗaya a shekara ta 2009.  Taron ya jawo hankalin masu iyo masu son shiga da kuma ƙwararrun 'yan wasa. Wasu shahararrun mutane sun kuma shiga, kamar Rodney Hide, wanda duk da haka sau biyu bai yi nasara a ƙoƙarinsa na kammala gasar ba. 

## Manazarta