Louise Labé

**Louise Charlin Perrin Labé** (  - 25 ga Afrilu 1566), wanda aka kuma san shi da **La Belle Cordière** ("Mai Yin Rope Mai Kyau") bayan aikin mahaifinta, mawakiyar Faransa ce daga Lyon .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Louise Labé a Lyon, cikin iyalin masu yin igiya, likitocin fiɗa, da masu yanka nama. Mahaifinta, Pierre Charly, ya yi nasara a fannin yin igiya, wanda ya fara kasuwanci a kan rue de l'Arbre sec, a gindin Dutsen Saint Sébastien da ke Lyon. Lokacin da matarsa ta farko ta mutu a shekara ta 1515, ya auri Etiennette Roybet, kuma ya haifi 'ya'ya biyar: Barthélemy, Francois, Mathieu, Claudine, da Louise. Ana kyautata zaton an haifi Louise Labé a wani lokaci tsakanin auren mahaifinta a shekara ta 1516 da mutuwar mahaifiyarta a shekara ta 1523.

Bayanai sun nuna cewa mahaifin Labé, duk da cewa yana da tawali'u, daga ƙarshe ya sami wani matsayi a cikin al'umma. Misali, a shekara ta 1534, an kira shi a gaban Assemblée de Consuls na birnin Lyon don amincewa da kuma shiga cikin kafa hukumar agaji ga talakawa.

A wani lokaci, wataƙila a makarantar sufaye, Labé ya sami ilimin harsunan waje (Girkanci, Latin, Italiyanci, da Sifaniyanci) da kiɗa, musamman ma waƙoƙin laƙa.

A lokacin da take ƙarama, an yaba mata a matsayin wata mace mai ban mamaki kuma mai harbin doki. Masu rubuta tarihin rayuwarta na farko sun kira ta "la belle Amazone" kuma sun ba da rahoton cewa ta sanya tufafin maza kuma ta yi yaƙi a matsayin jarumi a kan doki a cikin jerin sojojin Dauphin (daga baya Henry II ) a lokacin da aka kewaye Perpignan .  An kuma ce ta halarci wasannin tsere na gasa da aka yi a Lyon don girmama ziyarar Henry II.

Tsakanin 1543 da 1545 ta auri Ennemond Perrin, wanda shi ma wani mai yin igiya ne a Lyon, auren da aka yi bisa wasiyyar mahaifinta, kuma wanda ya kafa magajin kasuwancin kera igiya da yake da hannu a ciki. Dole ne kasuwancin ya kasance mai wadata, tun lokacin da ma'auratan suka sayi gidan gari mai babban lambu a 1551, da kuma, a 1557, wani katafaren gida a Parcieux-en-Dombes kusa da Lyon.

Lyon ita ce cibiyar al'adu ta Faransa a rabin farko na karni na sha shida  kuma Labé ta dauki nauyin wani salon adabi wanda ya haɗa da shahararrun mawakan Lyonnais da masu ra'ayin ɗan adam, ciki har da Maurice Scève, Clement Marot, Claude de Taillemont, Pontus de Tyard, da Pernette du Guillet .

Mawakin nan Olivier de Magny, wanda ke ratsa Lyon a kan hanyarsa ta zuwa Roma, ya kamu da soyayya da Labé, kuma wataƙila shi ne batun waƙoƙin soyayyarta.  Magny's *Odes* ya ƙunshi wata waƙa ( *A Sire Aymon* ) wadda ta yi wa mijin Labé ba'a da raina shi (wanda ya mutu kafin 1557).

Wataƙila an yi wahayi zuwa gare ta ne daga littafin Pernette du Guillet na tarin waƙoƙin soyayya a shekarar 1545 bayan mutuwarta, Labé ta fara rubuta waƙoƙinta. A ranar 13 ga Maris, 1555, Labé ta sami gata daga Henry II da ke kare haƙƙinta na musamman na buga ayyukanta na tsawon shekaru 5. An buga *waƙoƙinta* a shekarar 1555, ta hanyar fitacciyar mawallafin Lyonnais Jean de Tournes . Baya ga rubuce-rubucenta, kundin ya ƙunshi waƙoƙi ashirin da huɗu don girmama ta, waɗanda mazan zamaninta suka rubuta kuma aka yi wa lakabi da  ("Rubuce-rubucen mawaka daban-daban, don yabon Louise Labé na Lyons"). Marubutan waɗannan waƙoƙin yabo (ba duka za a iya gane su da inganci ba) sun haɗa da Maurice Scève, Pontus de Tyard, Claude de Taillemont, Clément Marot, Olivier de Magny, Jean-Antoine de Baïf, Mellin de Saint-Gelais, Antoine du Moulin, da Antoine Fumee . Abokan zamanta suna kwatanta ta da Sappho kuma suna yaba wa Labé a matsayin Gidan Tarihi na Goma.

Muhawara kan ko Labé ta kasance mai ladabi ko ba ta kasance ba ta fara ne a ƙarni na sha shida, kuma ta ci gaba har zuwa yau. A shekara ta 1557, an buga wata waƙar shahararriya kan ɗabi'ar La Cordière mai ban tsoro a Lyon. A shekara ta 1560, Jean Calvin ta yi magana game da rigarta ta haɗin gwiwa kuma ta kira ta da plebeia metrix ko karuwa ta gama gari. Masana sun yi nazari sosai kan matsayin da za su bi irin waɗannan kalamai da aka buga a cikin wani yanki na farfagandar addini ta wani marubuci wanda aka bayyana sautinsa a matsayin mugunta da ban tsoro, kuma haka nan ma ana tambayar ko ta yaya masanin tarihi Paradin, wanda ya rubuta a shekara ta 1573, yana nufin rashin son kai a rubuce "Tana da fuska fiye da mutum, wadda ba ta da wani abu idan aka kwatanta da ruhinta wanda yake da tsarki, mai tsarki, mai waka kuma mai irin wannan ilimin da ba a saba gani ba wanda da alama Allah ne ya halicce ta don mu yi mamakin hakan a matsayin wani abu mai ban mamaki."

A shekara ta 1564, annobar ta barke a Lyon, inda ta kashe wasu abokan Labé. A shekara ta 1565, tana fama da rashin lafiya, ta yi ritaya zuwa gidan abokin aikinta Thomas Fortin, wani ma'aikacin banki daga Florence, wanda ya shaida wasiyyarta (wani takarda da ke nan). Ta mutu a can a shekara ta 1566, kuma aka binne ta a gidanta na ƙasar kusa da Parcieux-en-Dombes, a wajen Lyon.

Muhawara kan ko ta kasance mai ladabi ko a'a da sauran fannoni na rayuwarta ba koyaushe suke jan hankalin masu suka waɗanda suka mai da hankali kan rubuce-rubucenta ba, musamman ma ayarta.

## Manazarta