Labarin kasa na Singapore

Kasar Singaphore kasa ce karama, wacce akwai mutane a tsiburinta dake birnin Kudu-maso gabacin Asia, tana nan a karshen Malayan Penninsula tsakanin  Malaysia da Indonesia. Singapore tana da fadin kasa ona kimanim .

Yankin Singapore ya kunshi manyan kasashe da sauran tsibirai. Landasar ta Singapore tana da  daga gabas zuwa yamma da  daga arewa zuwa kudu tare da  na bakin teku Wadannan alkaluman sun dogara ne akan  High Water Mark cadastral iyakokin bincikenn. Tana da yanki na musamman na tattalin arziki na    .

An raba Singapore da Indonesiya da Kogin Singapore da Malaysia daga Yankin Johor.

## Tsarin kasa

Babban yankin Singapore tsibiri ne mai kamannin lu'u-lu'u, kodayake yankinta ya hada da kananan tsibirai masu kewaye. Tsibiri mafi nisa daga nesa shine Pedra Branca. Daga cikin kananan tsibirai da yawa na Singapore, Tsibirin Jurong, Pulau Tekong, Pulau Ubin da Sentosa sune manyan. Yawancin Singapore ba su fi meter 15 sama da matakin teku ba.

Matsayi mafi girma na Singapore shine Bukit Timah Hill, tare da tsayi daga kasa na 165&nbsp;m (538&nbsp;ft) kuma ya kasance daga dutse mai kyalli, dutse . Tuddai da kwaruruka na dutsen da ke cike da arewa sun mamaye arewa maso yamma, yayin da yankin gabas ya kunshi yashi da Kasa mai faɗi. Singapore ba ta da tabkuna na halitta, amma an gina tafkuna da wuraren tara ruwa don adana tsaftataccen ruwa don samar da ruwan Singapore .

Singapore ta sake mallakar kasa da Kasa da aka samo daga tsaunukanta, da keɓewar teku, da kasashe makwabta. A sakamakon haka, yankin kasar Singapore ya girma daga 581.5&nbsp;km² a cikin shekarun 1960s zuwa 725.7&nbsp;km² a yau, kuma zai sami karuwa kaɗan saboda ginin fatar teku da shinge don magance kimar tekun da ke karuwa koyaushe.

## Yanayi

Singapore tana da na a degree daya da rabi daga arewacin kerjin, tana kwance gaba daya tsakanin daidaito na 1 da na 2 . Yankin Singapore ana sanya shi azaman yanayi na gandun dazuzzuka mai zafi ( Köppen *rabe-raben* yanayi Af), ba tare da ingantattun yanayi ba. Saboda yanayin wurin da yake da yanayin yanayin teku, yanayinta yana da yanayin zafin jiki iri iri da matsin lamba, danshi mai zafi da yawan ruwan sama. Saboda haka, kusan kusan dumi ne da danshi. Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara yana kusan  .  24 da aka taba samu a tarihi shine 512.4 (2 Disamba 1978) a Paya Lebar,  (1969) da kuma  (19 Disamba 2006). 

A yanayin wuri hovers a kusa da wani diurnal kewayon m na  da matsakaicin  . Mayu shine mafi tsananin watan shekara a Singapore, sannan Yuni zai biyo baya. Wannan saboda iska mai haske da hasken rana mai karfi a cikin wadancan watanni.  Mafi yawan zafin jiki da aka rubuta shine  a ranar 17 ga Afrilu 1983.  Mafi karancin zazzabi da aka rubuta shi ne  a cikin 14 Fabrairu 1989 a Paya Lebar. Zazzabi yakan wuce sama da  kuma zai iya kaiwa  a wasu lokuta.

Yanayin damshi yana da zangon diurnal a cikin manyan 90s da sanyin safiya zuwa kusan 60% a tsakiyar rana, amma yana ƙasa da 50% a wasu lokuta. A lokacin tsawan ruwan sama mai zafi, dangin danshi yakan kai 100%. Gaba Daya, akwai mafi yawan ruwan sama a yammacin tsibirin fiye da gabashin gabashin Singapore, sakamakon tasirin inuwar ruwan sama.

Don haka, gabashin Singapore ya fi yammacin Singapore bushe da dan zafi kadan. Wannan na iya haifar da rashin daidaiton yanayi daga wannan gefen tsibirin zuwa wancan. Wannan yana da mahimmanci a kula saboda koda karamin tsauni kamar Bukit Timah Hill na iya haifar da wannan lamarin. Duk da karamar girman Singapore, akwai yiwuwar akwai hasken rana a gefe daya yayin da ake ruwan sama a ɗaya gefen.

Karin haske kan abunda ke hana daidaituwar duk shekara gaskiya sune lokacin damina wanda ke faruwa sau biyu a kowace shekara. Na farkon shine Yankin Arewa Maso Gabas wanda yake faruwa daga tsakiyar Nuwamba zuwa farkon Maris. Na biyu shine lokacin Yammacin Kudu maso Yamma wanda yake faruwa daga Yuni zuwa Satumba. Lokaci tsakanin lokutan damina yana samun karancin ruwan sama da iska. A lokacin Yankin Arewa Maso Gabas, iskoki na arewa maso gabas suna nasara, wani lokacin sukan kai  . Akwai yanayin gajimare a watan Disamba da Janairu tare da yawan ruwan sama da rana.

Lokuta na yaduwar matsakaici zuwa ruwan sama mai karfi yana faruwa daga kwana 1 zuwa 3 a tsawance. Yana da dan bushe a cikin Fabrairu har zuwa farkon Maris duk da cewa ruwan sama har yanzu ya wuce 120mm. Hakanan galibi ana iska tare da saurin iska wani lokacin yakan kai  a cikin watannin Janairu da Fabrairu. A lokacin Yankin Kudu Maso Yamma, iskar kudu maso gabas ta mamaye. Kebewa zuwa warwatse ruwan sama yana faruwa da sanyin safiya da kuma wayewar gari. Washe gari "Sumatras"&nbsp;- layin squall wanda ya samo asali akan kusa da Sumatra&nbsp;- na kowa ne.

### Manufofin canjin yanayi
Singapore ta san cewa canjin yanayi a cikin shekarun da ke tafe zai sami babban tasiri ga tsibirin. Ya dauki matakai uku-uku game da batun - yin bincike kan yadda kasar za ta shafa a cikin takamaiman bayanai, aiwatar da matakan ragewa da dacewa da canje-canje masu zuwa. Don binciken, an kafa Cibiyar Bincike kan Yanayi ta Singapore (CCRS). 

Gwamnati ta kiyasta cewa dala biliyan 100 za a kashe sama da shekaru 100 don magance matsalar. A cikin kasafin kudin 2020 , ta ware dala biliyan 5 na farko zuwa Asusun Kare Gaban gabar Kasa da Ruwan Tsufana.  Ga yawan jama'a, zai samar da kwarin gwiwa ga masu mallaka su canza zuwa motocin lantarki (EVs), kamar ragi akan Karin Kudaden Rajista da faɗaɗa hanyar sadarwa ta cajin EV. Zuwa 2040, tana sa ran dakatar da motocin mai da dizal (injin kone ciki). Manufofin sufurin kasar na ci gaba da mai da hankali kan makomar "mota-Lite" tare da akasarin matafiya da ke amfani da jigilar jama'a (jiragen MRT, motocin safa, motocin haya) a maimakon haka. 

Singapore ita ce kasa ta farko a kudu maso gabashin Asiya da ke karbar harajin carbon, a $ 5 a kowace tan, ana amfani da ita ga manyan kamfanonin fitar da hayakin da ke samar da sama da tan 25,000 na carbon dioxide a shekara.  Don rage dogaro da kasar  kan burbushin halittu, tana gina daya daga cikin manya-manyan gonakin hasken rana a duniya a Tengeh Reservoir a Tuas, tare da karfin 60MW. 

## Yankin lokaci
Koda yake Singapore ba ta kiyaye lokacin tanadin hasken rana (DST), tana bin yankin UTC + 8, awa daya gaba da yankin don yanayin yankinsa.

## Ilimin kasa da kasa
Ana samun duwatsu marasa kyau a cikin Bukit Timah da Woodlands da tsibirin Pulau Ubin . Dutse yana yin girma daga dutsen mai walkiya. Ana kuma samun Gabbro a yankin kuma ana samun sa a wani  yanki da ake kira Little Guilin mai suna saboda kamannin ta da Guilin a Kudancin China. Wannan yankin yana cikin Bukit Gombak. Ana samun duwatsu masu bakin ciki a yammacin Singapore kuma galibi ana yinsu ne da dutsen yashi da laka . Hakanan ya hada da yankin kudu maso yamma. Ana samun duwatsun Metamorphic a yankin arewa maso gabashin Singapore da kuma kan Pulau Tekong da ke gabashin gabashin Singapore. Duwatsu galibi sun kasance ne daga ma'adini kuma sun hada da Tsarin Sajahat .

### Aikin girgizar kasa
Singapore ba ta da aminci daga aikin girgizar kasa a yankin, saboda manyan laifuka mafi kusa (Laifin Sumatran da Laifin megathrust) suna da nisan ɗaruruwan kilomita a Indonesia. Koyaya, yawan jama'a da gine-ginen suna iya kasancewa da ɗan tasiri kaɗan ta kowane aiki kamar rawar jiki, wanda baƙon abu bane, amma gabaɗaya baya cutarwa kuma an iyakance shi da kananan juzu'i ko girgiza abubuwa.

A karshen 2004, yankuna da yawa na Asiya da Afirka sun fuskanci girgizar kasa ta Tekun Indiya ta 2004 da kuma sakamakon tsunami. Singapore ta yi sa'a saboda an kiyaye ta ta hanyar yankin Sumatra, wanda ya dauki nauyin tsunami; Tasirin kan Singapore ya iyakance ga girgizar kasa da aka ji a cikin wasu manyan dogayen gine-gine na can.

## Matsayin siyasa da na mutane

Lokacin da Birtaniyya ta fara mallakar  Singapore, Birnin Singapore ya kasance a gefen kudu, kusa da bakin Kogin Singapore . Wannan yankin ya kasance Babban Yankin Singapore. Sauran tsibirin ya kasance ƙasar noma da kuma gandun daji na farko. Koyaya, tun daga 1960s gwamnati ta gina sabbin garuruwa da yawa a wasu yankuna, don haka a yau kusan tsibirin ya kasance an gina shi kuma an gina shi cikin birni, in banda 'yan kaɗan, kamar gundumar Lim Chu Kang ko kuma ƙasar da aka kwato a cikin aikin da ake ci gaba.

Hasasar tana da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi da yawa, galibi ana amfani da su don gudanarwa ko dalilai na ƙididdiga. A siyasance, an kasa Singapore zuwa gundumomin gudanarwa guda biyar, sannan kuma an kara rarraba su cikin majalisun gari wadanda galibi ke kunshe da mazabun siyasa ko fiye. Koyaya, ba kamar sauran ƙasashe ba inda ake amfani da ƙananan ƙananan hukumomi don ambaton wurare, irin wannan al'adar galibi baƙon abu ne a Singapore. Iyakokin siyasa suna canzawa tare da kowane babban zaɓe don haka, wuraren da suka rufe ba lallai bane suyi daidai da fahimtar gida na wuri. Yawancin yankuna, gundumomi da maƙwabta a cikin jihar-birni galibi suna kewaye kuma ana iya bayyana su wani lokacin ba da izininsu ba. Tsare-tsare da iyakan kidaya, wadanda ake kira wuraren tsarawa , Hukumar Bunkasa Birane ta yi amfani da ita wajen ayyana wasu gundumomi da unguwanni,  kodayake wadannan iyakokin ba lallai ne su yi daidai da yadda kowa yake fahimta ba. Duk da yake akwai iyakokin sabbin garuruwa,  akwai lokutan da za'a iya gano wasu unguwanni daban da garin da yake. Misali Tiong Bahru, galibi ana gano shi daban da garin HDB wani yanki ne na, Bukit Merah .

A matsayinta na babbar hukumar gwamnati da ke da alhakin tsara biranen Singapore, Hukumar Bunkasa Birane na neman aiwatar da ingantaccen amfani da filaye da rage kazanta tare da kiyaye hanyoyin zirga-zirga masu sauki, wadanda suka  fi damun Singapore saboda halin da take ciki na gari-gari. Tsarin Jagora na Ci gaba ga kowane yanki yanki na tsarawa 55 an sake shi cikin aikin.

Don rage cunkoson ababen hawa, an sanya farashin hanyar Lantarki (ERP) a kusa da mashigar shiga Yankin Tsakiya. A wasu sassa na Singapore ne kasa m, kuma m, kuma sukan cika da gidaje kadarori kamar daga gidaje da raya Board (HDB) ko condominiums, da na kasuwanci gundumomi suna kasa mai karfi. Koyaya, don rage damuwa akan Yankin Tsakiya, an haɓaka cibiyoyin yanki da yawa, kowannensu yana ƙunshe da gundumar kasuwanci mai mai da hankali.

Masana'antar haske ana rarraba su ne a kusa da tsibirin a matsayin filayen masana'antu kuma suna cikin gidaje, kwatankwacin HDB, kuma suna ba da izinin antsan haya ne kawai waɗanda ke samar da kusancin gurɓataccen nil, yayin da masana'antun masu nauyi ke kusa da Jurong da Jurong Island . Jerin irin wadannan kadarorin ana iya samun su anan .

Akwai hanyoyin sadarwa guda biyu zuwa jihar Johor, Malaysia. A arewa akwai hanyar hanyar dogo da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa, wanda ya haɗu da garin Johor Bahru . A yamma akwai gada ta hanya ( Tuas Second Link ), wanda ya haɗu da Johor, don zirga-zirgar hanya kawai. Haɗin haɗin yana da mahimmin haɗin haɗin tattalin arziƙi zuwa Malesiya, wanda ana iya gani azaman ƙasan bayan gari.

Hanyar hanyar (tsayin mita 1,038) Coode, Fizmaurice, Wilson da Mitchell na Westminster ne suka tsara kuma Topham, Jones & Railton Ltd na Landan suka gina. An fara shi a cikin 1909 azaman hanyar jirgin ƙasa ta hanyar Johor State Railway don haɗa Johor Bahru zuwa Singapore, sannan hedkwatar gudanarwa na bukatun Burtaniya a kudu maso gabashin Asiya. An fara aikin sashin hanya a cikin 1919 kuma an kammala shi a 1923.

Hanyar hanyar ta haifar da matsalolin muhalli, galibi tarin daskarewa a cikin Johore Strait. Wannan ya haifar da rashin jituwa da Malaysia. Singapore ta ki amincewa da shawarar Malaysia na maye gurbin hanyar da gada, kuma tun daga lokacin Malesiya ta gabatar da shawarar abin da ya zama sananne da "gadar rabin gada", tana sauka rabi don danganta ta da karamar hanyar.

Since Singapore lacks natural freshwater rivers and lakes, the primary source of domestic water is rainfall. Demand for fresh  plants around the island to help meet 

Akwai wuraren shakatawa sama da 300 da keɓaɓɓun yanayin 4 a cikin Singapore. Hakanan akwai bishiyoyi da yawa da aka dasa, kuma kusan kashi hamsin cikin 100 na ƙasar an rufe shi da ciyayi. Saboda wannan, ana  kiran Singapore da yawa 'Garden City'. 

Singapore ta kasance mai matukar rauni ga tasirin canjin yanayi ; musamman, hauhawar matakan teku na iya zama babbar barazana ga rayuwar  kasar nan ta hangen nesa. 
Wuri mafi girma

## Duba kuma

* Hanyoyin hadi tsakanin Singapore da Johor

## Bayani
 

## Hanyoyin hadin waje

* Hidimar Yanayi na Singapore
* Hasashen Yanayin Singapore
* Climatology na Singapore - Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Kasa
* CNN.com - Yanayi - Singapore
* Taswira:
** http://www.worldexecutive.com/cityguides/singapore/maps.html 
** http://www.urbanrail.net/as/sing/singapore.htm
** http://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/singapor.htm

## Manazarta