Geertruida na Haas-Lorentz

Geertruida Luberta "Berta" de Haas-Lorentz (20 Nuwamba 1885 - 1973) masanin kimiyyar Holland ne kuma farfesa a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Delft . Ita ce ta farko da ta yi nazarin sauye-sauyen zafi a cikin hanyoyin lantarki, tana bi da electrons a matsayin barbashi na Brownian. Sakamakon haka an dauke ta daya daga cikin masu gabatarwa na ka'idar hayaniya ta lantarki. Ita ce 'yar Hendrik Lorentz kuma dalibar digiri. Ta tafi da sunan Berta, ko Ber . 

## Rayuwa
An haifi Berta Lorentz a Leiden, Netherlands, 'yar fari ta masanin kimiyyar lissafi kuma mai lashe kyautar Nobel ta 1902 a fannin kimiyyar halitta Hendrik Lorentz da Aletta Catharina Kaiser . Berta ita ce babba cikin yara huɗu. 'Yan uwanta sune Johanna Wilhelmina (an haife ta a shekara ta 1889), Gerrit (an haifi ta a shekara de 1893, ta mutu a shekara ta 1894), da Rudolf (an haifa ta a shekara a shekara ta 1895).  A wannan lokacin da aka haife ta, mahaifinta ya kasance Farfesa a fannin kimiyyar lissafi a Jami'ar Leiden .  Mahaifiyarta, Aletta Kaiser, ta kula da yara da gida, ta yi aikin sadaka, kuma tana da hannu sosai a cikin ƙungiyar mata ta yankin.

A ranar 22 ga Disamba 1910, Berta Lorentz ta auri Wander Johannes de Haas, wanda zai zama farfesa a fannin kimiyyar gwaji a Leiden, kuma sun ci gaba da samun 'ya'ya maza biyu da mata biyu. Wasu daga cikin 'ya'yansu sun canza sunansu na karshe zuwa "Lorentz de Haas". 

Ta yi karatun kimiyyar lissafi a Jami'ar Leiden tare da mahaifinta a matsayin mai ba da shawara  kuma ta sami digiri na likita a 1912 a kan wata takarda mai taken "A kan ka'idar Motsi na Brownian da abubuwan da suka danganci" (Dutch: Over de theorie van de Brown'schen beweging en daarmede verwante vers 44). 

Bayan ta kare karatun digirin digirin ta a Leiden, De Haas-Lorentz ta koyar da kimiyyar lissafi a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Delft kuma ta fassara wasu ayyukan mahaifinta zuwa Jamusanci. Ta kuma rubuta tarihin mahaifinta.

Berta de Haas-Lorentz ta mutu a 1973 a Leiden .

## Bincike
De Haas-Lorentz na ɗaya daga cikin na farko da ya yi amfani da ka'idar Albert Einstein game da Motsi na Brownian ga wasu yankuna. A lokacin aikin rubutunta, ita ce ta farko da ta gudanar da bincike na ka'idoji game da canjin zafi na lantarki a cikin da'irorin lantarki, kafin binciken gwaji na sautin Johnson-Nyquist. Ta yi *L*'aka*R* da cewa da'irar da ke da juriya R da inductance L ya kamata ta ada*Na* makamashi E = LI2/2, inda ni ne na yanzu. Idan a*k* halin da ake ciki na zafi, *T* hanyar ka'idar daidaitawa makamashi zai kasance da alaƙa da makamashi na zafi  inda k shine ma'aunin Boltzmann kuma T shine zafin jiki. Daga Haas-Lorentz ya samu,

: \sqrt{\langle I^2\rangle}=\sqrt{ \frac{2 k T}{ L }} ,

inda bangarorin kusurwa ke nuna matsakaicin zafi.

Ita ce kuma ta farko da ta ba da shawarar sauye-sauyen zafi da ke iyakance gano radiation na lantarki.

Tare da haɗin gwiwar mijinta, ma'aurata De Haas sun nuna cewa gwaje-gwajen da James Clerk Maxwell ya gudanar sun kasa tabbatar da ra'ayin André-Marie Ampère, cewa magnetism a cikin kwayoyin halitta ya haifar da madauki na yanzu.

Ta kuma yi hasashen zurfin shiga London don superconductivity a 1925, kafin ci gaban lissafin London a 1935 . 

## Ayyukan da aka zaɓa

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* Lessen a kan theoretische строkunde: aan de Rijks-Universiteit te Leiden [Littattafai a kan kimiyyar lissafi a Jami'ar Jihar Leiden]. Fashewa.  1. 1919–1926. OCLC 805502380. - marubucin da ya ba da gudummawa 
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## Bayani

## Manazarta

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## Haɗin waje

* Daliban Ph.D. na H.A. Lorentz: 1881-1921
* Hoton De Haas-Lorentz
* Geertruida de Haas-Lorentza cikinShirin Lissafi na Lissafi