Kungiyar The Stone Roses

**The Stone Roses** ƙungiyar mawaƙa ce ta Ingila da aka kafa a Manchester a shekarar 1983. Sun kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin majagaba na ƙungiyar Madchester a ƙarshen shekarun 1980 da farkon shekarun 1990. Kayan gargajiya da kuma shahararren rukunin sun kunshi mai ba da labari Ian Brown, mai ba da guitar John Squire, bassist Gary "Mani" Mounfield da kuma mai ba da kida Alan "Reni" Wren.

The Stone Roses sun fitar da kundi na farko a shekarar 1989. Ya kasance gagarumin nasara, ana yaba da shi sosai kuma mutane da yawa suna ɗaukarsa ɗaya daga cikin manyan kundin Burtaniya. Bayan wannan nasarar, ƙungiyar ta nemi samun riba a kan sabon sanannun da suka samu ta hanyar sanya hannu tare da babban lakabi. Koyaya, lakabin rikodin su a lokacin, Silvertone, ba zai bar su daga kwangilar su ba, wanda ya haifar da dogon yakin shari'a wanda ya ƙare tare da ƙungiyar ta sanya hannu tare da Geffen Records a 1991.

The Stone Roses sun fitar da kundi na biyu, Second Coming, a cikin 1994. Ya sami ra'ayoyi masu rikitarwa. Ba da daɗewa ba ƙungiyar ta rushe bayan sauye-sauye da yawa a duk lokacin yawon shakatawa na tallafi, wanda ya fara da Reni ya tashi a farkon 1995, Squire ya biyo baya a watan Afrilu 1996. Brown da Mani sun rushe ragowar kungiyar a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1996 bayan bayyanarsu a Bikin Karatu.

Bayan yawancin hasashen kafofin watsa labarai, Stone Roses sun sanar da sake haduwarsu a ranar 18 ga Oktoba 2011 kuma sun fara rangadin duniya a shekarar 2012, gami da wasanni uku na dawowa gida a Heaton Park, Manchester. An kuma yi shirye-shiryen yin rikodin kundi na uku, amma an saki guda biyu kawai. A watan Yunin 2012 Chris Coghill, marubucin fim din Spike Island, ya bayyana cewa ƙungiyar "tana da akalla sabbin waƙoƙi uku ko hudu da aka rubuta". A watan Yunin 2013 an saki wani shirin fim game da sake fasalin ƙungiyar, wanda Shane Meadows ya jagoranta kuma mai taken The Stone Roses: Made of Stone.

A cikin 2016 Stone Roses sun fitar da sabon kayan su na farko a cikin shekaru ashirin. Kungiyar ta ci gaba da yawon shakatawa har zuwa Yuni 2017, inda Brown ya nuna cewa ƙungiyar ta sake rabuwa. Daga baya aka tabbatar da wannan a wata hira da Squire ta 2019.

## Tarihi

### Kafa (1983-1984)
Ian Brown (da farko bassist) da guitarist John Squire, waɗanda suka san juna daga Altrincham Grammar School for Boys, sun kafa ƙungiyar Clash-inspired, The Patrol, a cikin 1980 tare da mawaƙa da guitarist Andy Couzens da kuma mawaƙa Simon Wolstencroft. Sun buga wasanni da yawa a cikin 1980 kuma sun yi rikodin faifan demo, amma zuwa ƙarshen wannan shekarar, sun yanke shawarar canza shugabanci. A lokacin wasan kwaikwayon Patrol na karshe, Brown yana da ɗanɗano na kasancewa mai gaba, yana raira waƙar Sweet ta "Block Buster!" don rufe saiti. Pete Garner, aboki kuma roadie, ya tsaya a kan bass yayin da Couzens ke so ya mai da hankali kan guitar.

A cikin 1981 membobin ƙungiyar sun rasa sha'awa. Brown ya sayar da guitar dinsa don sayen babur, kuma Wolstencroft ya shiga Johnny Marr da Andy Rourke kafin ƙungiyar Smiths Freak Party. Squire ya ci gaba da horar da guitar  yayin da yake aiki a matsayin mai ba da labari ga Cosgrove Hall a rana, yayin da Brown ya gudanar da dare na Arewa a cikin kulob din Salford. 

Squire da Couzens sun fara sabuwar ƙungiyar, Fireside Chaps, tare da bassist Gary "Mani" Mounfield, daga baya ya ɗauki mawaƙa mai suna David "Kaiser" Carty da kuma Chris Goodwin. Sun canza sunansu zuwa Waterfront (bayan fim din 1954 On the Waterfront), sautin su ya rinjayi kungiyoyin shekarun 1960 da ƙungiyoyin zamani kamar Orange Juice .   Goodwin ya tafi kafin ƙungiyar ta yi rikodin demo na farko kuma, jim kadan bayan haka, Squire ya nemi Brown ya shiga a matsayin mawaƙa. Taron da Geno Washington a wani biki a gidan Brown a Hulme, inda Washington ta gaya wa Brown cewa zai zama tauraro kuma ya kamata ya zama mawaƙi, ya shawo kan Brown ya ɗauki Squire a kan tayin sa. Brown ya shiga Waterfront a ƙarshen 1983, na ɗan lokaci yana raba murya tare da Kaiser.

Kamar yunkurin da aka yi a baya a ƙungiyoyi, Waterfront ya ɓace. A ƙarshen 1983, Couzens ya yanke shawarar sake gwadawa ta hanyar fara ƙungiyar kuma ya kusanci Brown. Sun yanke shawarar Wolstencroft (wanda ya ƙi aikin mawaƙa a cikin Smiths) a matsayin mawaƙa da Pete Garner a matsayin bassist (duk da yarda da shi cewa ba zai iya buga komai ba sai "Block Buster!"). Sun kuma yanke shawarar cewa suna buƙatar Squire a cikin ƙungiyar, kuma lokacin da ya amince da rukunin ƙungiyar an rufe shi. Bayan sun bar ƙungiyoyin da suka gabata, sun yi aiki ne kawai a kan sabon abu. Ƙuntataccen muryar Brown ya sa ya ɗauki darussan waka na makonni uku. Bayan maimaitawa na ɗan lokaci ba tare da sunan ƙungiyar ba, Squire ya zo da "The Stone Roses". Labarai da yawa daga baya sun fito suna nuna cewa an fara kiran ƙungiyar "English Rose" ko kuma cewa sunan yana da alaƙa da Rolling Stones. Wadannan labarun ba gaskiya ba ne, Brown yana bayanin cewa: "A'a, ban san inda wannan labarin Rose na Ingilishi ya fito ba. John ya yi tunanin sunan 'Stone Roses' - wani abu da bambanci, kalmomi biyu da suka saba wa juna". Kungiyar ta sake maimaitawa na watanni shida, a lokacin da Wolstencroft ke sauraro ga wasu ƙungiyoyi, kuma ya tafi ya shiga ƙungiyar Terry Hall ta Colourfield . Sun sami Goodwin ya sake shiga, amma ya kasance don maimaitawa guda ɗaya, don haka sun tallata don maye gurbin kuma sun fara sauraro, daga ƙarshe sun dauki Alan "Reni" Wren a watan Mayu 1984.

Bayan maimaitawa da rubuta waƙoƙi a lokacin rani, sun yi rikodin demo na farko a ƙarshen watan Agusta, suna yin cassettes 100 tare da zane-zane na Squire, kuma suna ƙoƙarin samun gigs. Sun buga wasan farko a matsayin Stone Roses a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 1984, suna tallafawa Pete Townshend a wani kide-kide na jarumi a Moonlight Club a London. Brown ya aika da demo tare da wasika mai zuwa: "Ina kewaye da skagheads, ina so in murkushe su. Za ku iya ba mu wasan kwaikwayo?"  'Yan jarida sun ga wasan kwaikwayon ciki har da Sounds' Garry Johnson, wanda ya shirya yin hira da ƙungiyar 'yan makonni bayan haka.  Kungiyar ta *[[Sounds (magazine)|Sauti]]* tayin gudanarwa kuma ba da daɗewa ba suka biyo baya.

Howard "Ginger" Jones, wanda kwanan nan ya bar aikinsa a matsayin darektan kuma janar manajan Haçienda, furodusa Martin Hannett da Tim Chambers sun amince da yin aiki tare da ƙungiyar a kan kundi, suna kafa Thin Line Records don *Sauti* shi. Jones ya ɗauki jagorancin ƙungiyar, kodayake sun riga sun yi irin wannan yarjejeniya tare da Caroline Reed a London. Kungiyar ta sami jaridar farko mai kyau a ƙarshen Disamba, tare da Johnson ya ba su kyauta don nasara a 1985 a cikin mujallar Sounds . Wani fasalin a kan ƙungiyar ya biyo baya a watan Janairu.h

## Manazarta