open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Dawud dan Kanem

**Dawud** ya kasance Yan kishiya suke shida Kanem sarki Idris a karni na 14 a Kanem Borno. Bayan mutuwar Idris, gwagwarmayar neman kanbun sarautan ta fara. An zabi Dawud a matsayin Mai a kan abokan hamayyarsa, wato 'ya'yan Idris kenan. Wannan ya sa yaran sun nuna rashin jin dadi su da kuma adawarsu, saboda hakan nema suka yi ikirarin yaki da Dawud da magoya bayansa; wannan ya haifar da rikice-rikicen a tsakanin Idrisus da Daouds tsawon karni. An yi imanin cewa rikicin nema ya raunana daular Sefuwa kuma ya sa daular tayi rauni daga duk wasu hare-hare da ake kawowa daga waje.

## Diddigin bayanai
Abdullah II dan Kanem

**Abdullahi II** Kaday ya kasance dan uwan Ibrahim Nikale ne, ya gaji Nikale ne bayan Nikale ya rasa madafun iko a gwagwarmayar sa da yakeyi dan neman ma Yerima shugaban arewa. Shi ne kuma sarkinda ya dawo da gadon sarauta ta hanyar gadon uba, wanda akeyi tin a baya ga Sarakunan Sefuwa.   

## Manazarta
Ahmad (sarkin Kanem Bornu)

**Ahmad Alimi,** shine shugaban masarautar (Bornu) a karshen karni na sha takwas da farkon karni na sha tara. A karshen mulkinsa, mutanen (Fulani) da ke cikin Daularsa sun amsa kiran tawaye wanda (Usman Dan Fodio) yake  jagoranta a yammaci. Alimi ya zabura tunda ai Bornu ta kasance daular Musulunci ce. Ya fara magana ne da (Muhammed Bello) da (Usman) ta hanyar wasika, daga karshe ya bar wa dansa rikon kwarya a shekara ta 1808. A lokacin ya kasance mai rauni ne kuma makaho. Ya mutu bayan 'yan watanni kadan da aukuwan haka. 

## Manazarta
Ali II na Bornu

**Alhaji Ali** (kuma **Ali dan Umar** ) shi ne Mai (Sarki) na daular Bornu, a yanzu kasashen Afirka ne na Chadi, Najeriya, da Nijar, suke sashin Daular, daga 1639 zuwa kusan 1680. Ali ya gaje mahaifinsa Umar a shekara ta 1639 kuma ya samu doguwar sarauta. A farkon shekarun mulkinsa, ana yi wa daular barazanar kutsen hari daga makwabta, sune yan Tuareg a arewa da Kwararafa a kudu. Ya sami damar rike duka runduna biyun a filin daga, daga karshe ya ci su da yaki a 1668. Bayan nasarar sa, ya karfafa mulkinsa, ta hanyar kula da muhimman hanyoyin kasuwancin Saharan, da kuma sake koyar da addinin Islama a daular. Ana tuna shi da irin taka rawarsa, da ya gina masallatai guda hudu da kuma yin hajji guda uku a gari mai tsarki Makka . 
 

## Manazarta
 

* HJ Fisher. "Sahara da Sudan ta Tsakiya" a cikin *Tarihin Kambik na Afirka: Daga c.1600 zuwa c.1790* . Richard Gray, JD Fage, Roland Anthony Oliver, eds. Jami'ar Cambridge, (1975)
Dunama I

Mai ko Sarki **Dunama** ya kasance Shugaban hada kan daular sayfawa a lokacin farkon karni na goma sha biyui. Shine farkon Mai da ya fara zuwa aikin hajji a kasa ma tsarki Makka . 

## Tunani
Gerald S. Graham, Thomas Hodgkin; Ra'ayoyin Najeriya: Tarihin Anthology na Tarihi 

## Manazarta
Dunama IX Lefiami

**Dunama Lefiami** Shi ne Sarkin daular Kanem-Bornu, wacce take a yanzu a yankin Najeriya, Kamaru da Chadi a farkon karni na sha tara. 

## Rayuwa
Dunama ya gaji mahaifinsa, ya kasance tsoho kuma ya makance, shine wanda ya jajirce a cikin  Jihadin Fulani har ya sa aka kama Ngazargamu . Mai Dunama ya nemi goyon bayan Muhammad al-Amin al-Kanemi, don su taimaki Fulani a yaki na gaba da gaba, ya amsa kiransa, Bayan angama yaki Dunama ya bashi Bayi da kayan masarufi, bayan anci Goni Mukhtar da yaki. a shekarar 1809 an sake karbar Ngazarmu, manyan mutanen sun tilasta Dunama da ya gudu, sai aka nada kawunsa a matsayin sarki Muhammad Ngileruma Mai. A 1813 yan fada sun gaji da Ngileruma, sai suka dawo da Dunama a matsayin Mai, amman duk da haka saida aka kashe Dunama  a yaki bayan ya jagoranci yakin tawaye  ga masarautar el-Kanemi a 1819 ko 1820  

## Diddigin bayanai
Hummay

**Hummay** **(Umme,** **Houmé** ko **Hume)** shi ne Sarki Musulmi na farko, kuma *mai a cikin* Daular Sefuwa cikin Daular-Borno daga 1085-1097, ya maye gurbin  Daular Sefuwa- Duguwa.    

## Daula
Daular da ya kafa, ya kafata ne dan ta rayu har zuwa 1846. Sarautarsa tana da muhimmiyar sakamako saboda yaduwar addinin Islama a lokacin mulkinsa. Wannan ya fusata wasu yan Daular, hakan nema yasa Zaghawa suka bar Daular suka nufi gabas. 

## Duba kuma

* Chronology of the Sefuwa  (Kanem-Bornu) 
* Daular Sayfawa 
* Masarautar Kanem

## Karin Karatu

* Barkindo, Bawuro, "Yankunan farko na Tsakiyar Sudan: Kanem, Borno da wasu makwabtansu zuwa 1500 AD", cikin: J. Ajayi und M. Crowder (ed.), *Tarihin Yammacin Afirka*, vol. Ni, 3. ed. Harlow 1985, 225-254. 
* Lange, Dierk: "Yankin Chadi a matsayin tsallake-tsallake ne ", a cikin: M. Elfasi (ed.), *Babban Tarihin Afirka*, vol. III, UNESCO, London 1988, p. &nbsp; 436-460. 
* Palmer, Richmond: *Bornu Sahara da Sudan*, London 1936 (fassarar Ingilishi na *D Englishwān*, pp. &nbsp; 89–95). 

## Manazarta
Ibrahim IV na Bornu

**Ibrahim IV ya** kasance ana yi masa take da Sarkin Musulmi na Kanuri na Bornu daga 1820-1846. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin da suka gabata daga daular Sefawa. 

## Rarrabewa akan gaba
Mahaifin Ibrahim, kuma tsohon mai mulkin Bornu, ya yi kira ga El-Kanemi, malamin Islama kuma Jarumi, da ya taimaka ma shi ya yaki Fulani da shugabansu Goni Mukhtar. Su biyun sun sami damar kawar da Fulani daga galibin Bornu. Ayayin gwagwarmayan El-Kanemi ya yi karfi, kuma ya kasance barazana ga gidan sarauta na Sefawa, wanda Ibrahim da mahaifinsa suka kafa, Dunama Daga baya aka kashe Dunama a wani yunkurin kashe El-Kanemi. Dan shi, Ibrahim ya gaje shi. El Kanem kuma akayi rashin sa'a ya mutu a shekara ta 1837, dansa Umar ya gaje shi. Shahararrun sarakunan biyu suna son mamaye madafun iko, har suka dinga yake yake a tsakanin Yan Kanemi da Yan Sefawa. Ibrahim yayi shirin  kashe Umar ta hanyar kiran dakaru na waje daga Wadai karkashin umarnin Sarkin Musulmi . Koyaya akayi  Umar ya gano shirin, kafin lokacin kuma ya kashe Ibrahim kafin ya gudu daga Bornu. Haka,aka ci gaba da kai hari kan daular Sefawa.
Filin jirgin saman Addis Abeba

**Filin jirgin saman Addis Abeba** ko **filin jirgin saman Bole** shi ne babban filin jirgin saman dake birnin Addis Abeba, babban birnin ƙasar Habasha ko Etiyopiya.
Ethiopian Airlines

**Ethiopian Airlines (EAL)** kamfanin sufurin jirgin sama ne mai mazauni a birnin Addis Abeba, a ƙasar Habasha, kuma kamfanin ya kasance mallakin gwamnatin kasar. An kafa kamfanin a ranar 21 ga watan Disemban 1945 kuma ya fara aiki a a ranar 8 ga watan Aprelun 1946, sannan ya fadada zuwa sufuri tsakanin kasa da kasa a shekarar 1951. Kamfanin ta fara ba da hannun jari a shekarar 1965 kuma an sauya masa suna daga *Ethiopian Air Lines* zuwa *Ethiopian Airlines*.

Filin jirgin saman ya kasance mem

ba na  International Air Transport Association tun daga 1959 da kuma Kungiyar Filayen Jirgin Sama na Afurka a 1968. Kamfanin memba ne na Star Alliance, tun lokacin da suka shiga kungiyar a cikin watan  Disemban shekara ta 2011. Inkiyar filin jirgin itace **New Spirit of Africa' Ethiopian's hub,'' kuma [[Hedikwatar Tsaro ta Najeriya|hedikwatar]] ta na nan a [[Filin jirgin saman Addis Abeba]], a babban birnin Addis Ababa, inda take sufurin fasinjoji 125 - 20 daga cikinsu a [[Tsakanin tsararraki|tsakanin]] kasa, 44 kuma jigilar kayayyaki. Filin jirgin yana da manyan rassa a [[Togo]] da [[Malawi]]. Filin [[jirgin]] ta Ethiopia itace mafi girma a Afurka ta fuskar jigilar fasinjoji, wuraren sauka, girman jirage da kuma kudaden shiga. Filin jirgin har wayau shine na hudu a duniya [[dangane]] da yawa wuraren sauka a fadin duniya. 

Yana da jiragen sama 117, daga kamfanonin [[Airbus]], [[Boeing]] da [[De Havilland Canada]].

== Tarihi ==

**1940s: Da farko'''

Bayan samun yancin kan kasar habasha wato Ethopia, Mai daraja  Haile Selassie I ya nemi taimakon Amurka, Burtaniya da faransa akan su taimake shi ya gina babban kamfanin jirgin sama a matsayin sabon cigaban da zai iya samam al'ummar kasar shi Awani rahoto da BBC suka fitar sun yayi wannan yunkuri ne na gina babban kamfanin jirgin sama a kasar domin tsame kasar daga halin talauci A cikin shekarar 1945, Gwamatin Ethopia ta fara hadin gwaiwa da kamfanonin manyan jiragen sama. A ranar 8 ga watan 1945, TWA ta rattaba hannu a yarjejeniya 

## Manazarta
Turkish Airlines

**Turkish Airlines** kamfanin zirga-zirgar jirgin sama ne mai mazauni a birnin Istanbul, a ƙasar Turkiya. An kafa kamfanin a shekarar ta 1933. Yana da jiragen sama 344, daga kamfanonin Airbus da Boein.
 

## Manazarta
Singapore Airlines

**Singapore Airlines** kamfanin zirga-zirgar jirgin sama ne mai mazauni a birnin Singafora, a ƙasar Singafora. An kafa kamfanin a shekarar alif 1947. Yana da jiragen sama 127, daga kamfanonin Airbus, da Boeing.

## Hoto

File:SIA_Destinations.png  |Taswirar kasashen da kamfanin jirgin ke zirga-zirga a launin Ja
File:SIA_Hop-on_bus.JPG|Bas ta ayyukan kamfanin
File:Singapore Airlines Airbus A380 woah!.jpg
File:Boeing 747-412, Singapore Airlines AN0123335.jpg
File:SIA777.JPG
File:Singapore Airlines Boeing 777-300ER (9V-SWJ) at Tokyo Narita International Airport.jpg
File:Singapore Airlines A380 interior economy.jpg
File:Singapore Airlines inflight meal.jpg
Qatar Airways

**Qatar Airways** kamfanin zirga-zirgar jirgin sama ne mai mazauni a birnin Doha, a ƙasar Qatar. An kafa kamfanin a shekarar 1993. Yana da jiragen sama 230, daga kamfanonin Airbus da Boeing.
United Airlines

**United Airlines** kamfanin zirga-zirgar jirgin sama ne mai mazauni a birnin Chicago, a ƙasar Tarayyar Amurka. An kafa kamfanin a shekarar 1926. Yana da jirage sama 1356 (United Airlines: 784; United Express: 572), daga kamfanonin Airbus da Boeing.

## Manazarta
Delta Air Lines

**Delta Air Lines** Kamfanin zirga-zirgar jirgin sama ne mai mazauni a birnin Atlanta, a ƙasar Tarayyar Amurka. An kafa kamfanin a shekarar ta alif 1925. Yana kuma da jiragen sama 916, daga kamfanonin Airbus, Boeing da McDonnell Douglas. 
  
 
## Manazarta
Southwest Airlines

**Southwest Airlines** kamfanin zirga-zirgar jirgin sama ne mai mazauni a birnin Dallas, a ƙasar Tarayyar Amurka. An kafa kamfanin a shekarar 1925. Yana da jiragen sama 753, daga kamfanin Boeing. 

## Hotuna

File:Southwest_airlines_hq_from_north_2009-06-22.jpg|Hedkwatar kamfanin
File:BWIA-BTerminal.JPG|BWIA-BTerminal


## Manazarta
China Southern Airlines

**China Southern Airlines** kamfanin zirga-zirgar jirgin sama ne mai mazauni a birnin Guangzhou, a ƙasar Sin. An kafa kamfanin a shekarar 1988. Yana da jiragen sama 616, daga kamfanonin Airbus, Boeing, Comac da Embraer.
China Eastern Airlines

**China Eastern Airlines** kamfanin zirga-zirgar jirgin sama ne mai mazauni a birnin Shanghai, a ƙasar Sin. An kafa kamfanin a shekara ta 1988. Yana da jiragen sama 552, daga kamfanonin Airbus, Boeing. da Comac.
All Nippon Airways

**All Nippon Airways** kamfanin zirga-zirgar jirgin sama ne mai mazauni a birnin Tokyo, a ƙasar Japan. An kafa kamfanin a shekarar 1952. Yana da jiragen sama 238, daga kamfanonin Airbus, Boeing da Mitsubishi.

Kamfanin All Nippon Airways yanada hedikwatarsa a tsakiyar birnin Shiodome cikin shiodome yankin gundumar minato a garin tokyo.  Kamfanin yana gudanarda ayyukansa a cikin gida da wajen kasar japan, a watan mach na shekarar 2016 kamfanin yanada kimanin ma'aikata 20,000.

## Manazarta
Ryanair

**Ryanair** kamfanin zirga-zirgar jirgin sama ne mai mazauni a birnin Dublin, a ƙasar Ayilan. An kafa kamfanin a shekarar 1984. Yana da jiragen sama 419, daga kamfanin Boeing.

## Manazarta
Ƙamus

**Ƙamus** turanci *dictionary*, kuma akan kira shi da suna **littafin kalmomi**, kundi ne na tarin  kalmomi a Jere, a cikin harshe ko harsuna daban-daban, ana kuma jera kalmomin ne a   tsarin zuwan baƙaƙe, ƙamus na dauke da bayanai na ma'anoni, anfani, etymologies, furucci, fassarori, na kalmomin dake cikin harshe da sauran su. ko kuma ƙamus kan zama wani littafi ne dake ƙunshe da kalmomin dake cikin wata harshe da kuma irin su daga wata harshen, wanda ake kira da turanci lexicon. It is a lexicographical reference that shows inter-relationships among the data.

Akwai babban muhimmin banbanci da akayi tsakanin ƙamus na gama gari wanda ake kira da *general* da kuma ƙamus mai muhimmanci wato *specialized dictionary*. Shi ƙamus mai muhimmanci yana ɗauke ne da kalmomi da suka keɓanci wani fanni na ilimi kawai, bawai yana ɗauke da dukkanin kalmomin harshe bane. Su kuma kalman da ake amfani da su wurin fayyace kowane ma'ana na kalmomin ana kiran sune da suna *terms* bawai kalmomi ba wato *words*. Har wayau akwai wasu nau'ukan ƙamus, waɗanda ke da tsarin su daban, misali, ƙamus mai harsuna biyu *bilingual (translation) dictionary*, ƙamus mai bada ma'anoni iri  ɗaya *dictionary of synonym* (thesaurus), da kuma ƙamus da ake kira *rhyming dictionary* da turanci.

Akwai kuma banbanci tsakanin ƙamus *prescriptive* da *descriptive*; na farkon na nufin yin bayani akan abunda ake gani shine ingantacce a wurin amfani da harshe inda na biyun ke nufin yin bayani akan abunda shine ake amfani da kalmomi da su zahiri.

An samu cewa farkon samun amfani da ƙamus ya faro run a lokacin Sumer, amma yawan cin ƙamus ɗin lokacin na ma'anar harsuna ne, (wato *bilingual dictionaries*).
## Hotuna

File:W%C3%B6rterbuch_de-ro.JPG|Kamus
File:Dict_German-AGreek_small.jpg|Wani karamin Kamus
 

## Manazarta
Emirates

**Emirates** kamfanin zirga-zirgar jirgin sama ne mai mazauni a birnin Dubai, a ƙasar Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa. An kafa kamfanin a shekarar 1985. Yana da jiragen sama 256, daga kamfanin Airbus da Boeing.
Abu Dhabi (birni)

**Abu Dhabi**, da Larabci *أَبُو ظَبِي‎*, birni ne dake a masarautar Abu Dhabi, a ƙasar Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa. Shi ne babban birnin masarautar Abu Dhabi kuma da babban birnin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2018, akwai jimilar mutane 1,450,000. An gina birnin Abu Dhabi a ƙarshen karni na sha takwas bayan haifuwan annabi Issa.

## Hotuna

File:Emirates_National_Auto_Museum_(4185554414).jpg|Emirates National Auto Museum
File:Abu_Dhabi_-_Sakhboot_Mosque_-_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_Sakhboot_-_panoramio.jpg|Masallacin Sakhboot, Abu Dhabi
File:Jubail_island.jpg|Gadar tsibirin Jubail
File:Yas_Island.jpg|Tsibirin Yes
File:Sweihan_Desert.jpg|Saharar Sweigham
File:Saadiyat_Island,_Abu_Dhabi,_United_Arab_Emirates,_uae,_Travelvlogus,_Travel_To_The_World,.jpg|Tsibirin Saadiyat, Abu Dhabi Kasuwanci ta Duniya, Abu Dhabi
File:Abu_Dhabi_Skyline_UAE_Flag.jpg|Dogayen gine-gine na Abu Dhabi, da tutar UAE a can sama
File:British_Embassy_in_Abu_Dhabi_01_977.JPG|Ofishin Jakadancin Burtaniya a Abu Dhabi
File:Abu_Dhabi_downtown,_United_Arab_Emirates.jpg|Abu Dhabi downtown, United Arab Emirates


## Manazarta
Sharjah (birni)

**Sharjah **, da Larabci *ٱلشَّارقَة‎‎*, birni ne dake a masarautar Sharjah, a ƙasar Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa.Shi ne babban birnin masarautar Sharjah. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2015, akwai jimillar mutane 1,400,000.An gina birnin Sharjah a karni na sha takwas bayan haihuwan annabi Issa.

## Hotuna

File:Sharjah_City_-_panoramio_(8).jpg|Birnin Sharjah
File:Al_nad_park_sharjah.jpg|Wurin shakatawa na Al nad, Sharjah
File:Al_Zahraa_Street_-_panoramio.jpg|Titin Al Zahraa, Sharjah
File:Al_Muntazah_-_Sharjah_-_United_Arab_Emirates_-_panoramio.jpg|Wani wuri dab da Teku a birnin
File:Al_Abar_-_Sharjah_-_United_Arab_Emirates_-_panoramio.jpg|Wani titin birnin 
File:Al_Qudra_Lake_Dubai.jpg|Tafkin Al Qudra
File:Al_Noor_Island_view.png|Tsibirin Al Noor, Sharjah 
File:Sharjah_International_Airport_-_panoramio_(1).jpg|Filin jirgin Sama na Sharjah
File:Sharjah_Park.jpg|Sharjah Park


## Manazarta
Filin jirgin saman Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson

**Filin jirgin saman Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson** (da Turanci *Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport*) shi ne babban filin jirgin saman dake birnin Atlanta, babban birnin jihar Georgia, a ƙasar Tarayyar Amurka. 
 

## Manazarta
Filin jirgin saman Beijing Capital

**Filin jirgin saman Beijing Capital** shi ne babban filin jirgin saman dake birnin Beijing, babban birnin ƙasar Sin.
Tammy Abraham

**Kevin Oghenetega Tamaraebi Bakumo-Abraham** (an haife shi 2 Oktoba 1997), anfi sanin sa da **Tammy Abraham**, shi ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne, wanda ke buga wa ƙungiyar wasan ƙasar ingila amatsayin mai wasan gaba *striker* da kuma ƙungiyar Kulub ta Chelsea.

Tammy yayayyan akademi ɗin Chelsea ne, Abraham ya fara buga wasansa na kwararru ne a 2016 sannan yaje aro a kulub ɗin Bristol City. Anan ne, ya samu cigaba da nasarori da dama, inda aka bayyana shi amatsayin, "*Young Player of the Season"* wato Gwarzon ɗan'wasa Matashi na shekara da kuma kyautar wanda yafi cin ƙwallaye, haka yazamar dashi ɗan wasan daya fara samun irin wannan nasara acikin shekara ɗaya. Ya kuma ƙara zuwa wani aro a ƙungiyar Swansea City sai dai ƙungiyar bata jima ba, ta koma baya, in da fit a daga fafatawa a gasar Premier League. Ya koma Aston Villa a shekarar 2018 inda ya zama ɗanwasa na farko tun 1977 daya ci adadin ƙwallaye 25 acikin kakan wasa ɗaya ma ƙungiyar.

Abraham ya wakilci ƙasar under-18 level, inda ya kasance daga cikin yan'wasan 2017 UEFA European Under-21 Championship a ƙasar Poland. Ya fara buga wasan sa na kwararru a ƙasar a watan Nuwanban shekara ta 2017.

## Manazarta
Hailemariam Desalegn

**Hailemariam Desalegn** (harshen Amhara: ኃይለማሪያም ደሳለኝ ቦሼ) ɗan siyasan Habasha ne. An haife shi a shekara ta 1965 a Boloso Sore, Habasha. Hailemariam Desalegn firaministan kasar Habasha ne daga watan Agusta a shekara ta 2012 (bayan Meles Zenawi) zuwa watan Afrilu a shekara ta 2018 (kafin Abiy Ahmed).
Afua Kobi

**Afua Kobi** (fl. 1834–1884) ta kasance yar *asantehemaa* na Daular Ashanti.

Afua Kobi, Yar Asante ta kasance sarauniya a cikin Daular Asante wanda a yanzu yake yankin kasar Ghana.  
 

## Manazarta
Abiy Ahmed

**Abiy Ahmed Ali** (harshen Amhara: ዐቢይ አህመድ አሊ; harshen Oromo: Abiyyii Ahimad Alii) ɗan siyasan Habasha ne. An haife shi a shekara ta 1976 a Beshasha, Habasha. Abiy Ahmed firaministan kasar Habasha ne daga Afrilu 2018 (bayan Hailemariam Desalegn). A watan Oktoban 2021, an rantsar da Abiy Ahmed a hukumance a wa’adin shekaru 5 na biyu.
 

## Manazarta
Meles Zenawi

**Meles Zenawi** (harshen Amhara: መለስ ዜናዊ አስረስ) ɗan siyasan Habasha ne. An haife shi a shekara ta 1955 a Adwa, Habasha. Meles Zenawi firaministan kasar Habasha ne daga watan Agusta a shekara ta 1995 (bayan Tamrat Layne) zuwa watan Agusta a shekara ta 2012 (kafin Hailemariam Desalegn).
Cyril Ramaphosa

**Cyril Ramaphosa** (lafazi: [siril ramafosa]) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne. An haife shi a shekara ta 1952 a Soweto, Afirka ta Kudu. Cyril Ramaphosa shugaban kasar Afirka ta Kudu ne daga watan Fabrairu a shekara ta 2018 (bayan Jacob Zuma).
Fikayo Tomori

**Oluwafikayomi Oluwadamilola "Fikayo" Tomori** (an Haife shi a 19 Disamba 1997) ya kasance kwararren ɗanwasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne,wanda ke buga wasa a ƙungiyar kulub din Chelsea.Ya wakilci ƙasar Canada da England a matakan wasan matasa.

## Matakin wasa
### Chelsea
#### 2005–16: Matakin matasa

Tomori ya fara wasa a Chelsea a matakin under-8 level inda ya kai ga har zuwa matakin akademy. Ya kasance daga cikin matasan Chelsea waɗanda suka lashe gasar UEFA Youth League har sau biyu a jere kuma da lashe FA Youth Cup a 2015 da 2016.

A 11 Mayu 2016, Tomori an sanya shi a cikin yan wasan na benci na Kulub din Chelsea tare da abokin wasansa, kamar Tammy Abraham da Kasey Palmer, a wasan da Chelsea ta buga 1–1 da Liverpool. Duk da haka, bai sami damar buga wasa na biyu ba a Anfield. A 15 Mayu 2016, A wasan Chelsea na karshen kakar 2015/16, Tomori ya samu daman buga wasa da sukayi 1–1 da Premier League champions Leicester City, inda ya canji Branislav Ivanović a minti na 60th. Tomori ya samu shiga cikin waɗanda suka je ƙasar Tarayyar Amurka dan yin wasannin gabanin kaka, amma bai samu ya buga wasa ko ɗaya ba Tamuri ya koma kungiyan AC Milan a matsayin aro inda har yanzu Yana buga Wasa a chan. A 1 Augusta 2016, Tomori ya sanya hannu a kwantaragi na shekara huɗu a 2016–17. A 12 Augusta 2016, Tomori ya sanya riga lamba 33 gabanin fara kakar shekarar wanda canji ne daga 43 da ya fara sawa da farko.
 

## Manazarta
Mohamed Morsi

**Mohamed Morsi,** ɗan siyasan Misra ne. An haife shi a ranar 8 ga watan augosta shekara ta 1951 a El Adwah, Misra. Mohamed Morsi, shugaban ƙasar Misra ne daga watan Yuni a shekara ta 2012 (bayan Hosni Mubarak) zuwa watan Agusta a shekara ta 2013 (kafin Abdel Fattah el-Sisi).
Hosni Mubarak

**Hosni Mubarak** ɗan siyasan Misra ne. An haife shi a ranar 4 ga watan mayu  shekara ta 1928 a Kafr-El Meselha, Misra. Hosni Mubarak shugaban ƙasar Misra ne daga watan Oktoba a shekara ta 1981 (bayan Anwar Sadat) zuwa watan Fabrairu a shekara ta 2011 (kafin Mohamed Morsi).

## Manazarta
Gamal Abdel Nasser

**Gamal Abdel Nasser** ɗan siyasan Misra ne. An haife shi a shekara ta alif 1918, a Aliskandariya, Misra; ya mutu a shekara ta alif 1970, a Kairo, Misra. Gamal Abdel Nasser shugaban ƙasar Misra ne daga watan Yuni, a shekara ta alif 1956, (bayan Mohammed Naguib) zuwa watan Satumba, a shekara ta alif 1970, (kafin Anwar Sadat).
Filin jirgin saman Shanghai Pudong

**Filin jirgin saman Shanghai Pudong** shi ne babban filin jirgin sama, dake birnin Shanghai, a ƙasar Sin. 

## Manazarta
Filin jirgin saman Guangzhou Baiyun

**Filin jirgin saman Guangzhou Baiyun** shi ne babban filin jirgin saman dake birnin Guangzhou, a ƙasar Sin.
Sarauniya Maria II Zaccaria

**Sarauniya Maria II Zaccaria** a qarni na (14th-har izuwa karni na 1404), ta kasance Sarauniya ta Achaia, kuma a cikin daular titular.  

Ta kasance yar Centurione I Zaccaria, Sarkin Veligosti–Damala da kuma Chalandritsa. ta gaji mijinta mai suna Pedro de San Superano a shekarar 1402 a matsayin waziriyar danta. A shekarar 1404, ta bama dan dan uwanta ragamar mai suna Centurione II Zaccaria.  

## Manazarta

* http://www.guide2womenleaders.com/womeninpower/Womeninpower1400.htm
Aderonke Kale

**Aderonke Kale** ta kasance likitan mahaukata, itace ta farko a wannan fannin data fara zama manjo janar a rundunan sojojin Najeriya.

     

 

Aderonke Kale tanada yaro a shekarar 1975, mai suna Yemi Kale. 

Kale Yoruba.

## Manazarta
Daurama

**Daurama** ko **Magajiya Daurama** (ƙarni na 9) ta kasance mai mulkin mutanen Hausa wacce ita ce ta kasance Kabara ta ƙarshe a tarihin Daura. Ana ce mata Kabaran Daura. Masu bada labaran gargajiya suna tunata ne a matsayin Sarauniya  ne, Uwa ta Daular Hausawa dake Arewacin Najeriya a yankin Nijar (kasa) da kuma Najeriya. Labarin Magajiya Daurama ana bayar da shi ne a labaran jarumtaka na jarumi Bayajidda.

Magajiya Daurama tayi mulki a garin da ake ƙira ko ake cewa Daura.  

An saka wa  garin sunanta Daura  wanda yanzun Daura masarauta ce mai zaman kanta a Jihar Katsina, Najeriya tsohon birni ne a asalin babban birnin masarautar bayan da Daurama ta ɗauke shi daga garin ta mai da shi sabon birnin Daura, wanda aka sama garin sunanta.

## Manazarta
Zulu Sofola

**Nwazuluwa Onuekwuke "Zulu" Sofola** (22 ga watan Junairu zuwa 1935 – 5 Satumba 1995), Itace mace ta farko yar Najeriya mai rubuta dirama kuma yar dirama. Sofola kuma malamar jami'a ce kuma mace ta farko da tazama farfesa a farnin al'adu na Afrika.
 
## Manazarta
Maitatsine

**Mohammed Marwa** (mutuwa 1980), an kuma fi sanin shi da lakabinsa wato **Maitatsine**, ya kasance Malamin musulunci ne sai dai ba Malamin kirki ba wanda baiyi amfani da Ilimin shi ba, a Najeriya *Maitatsine* da da Hausa ma'ana wanda aka tsine mawa Masu bin sa ana kiransu da Ƴan Tatsine.

## ''Asalinta da tushenta''
Asalin shi dan Marwa a arewacin Kamaru. bayan ya yi karatu sai ya dawo Kano, Nigeria a kimanin shekara ta 1945,     .   Anyi ƙiyasin aƙalla mutum 1,000 ne suka rasa rayukansu a Yola da sauran sassan arewacin Najeriya ya kuma yi dalilin mituwar mutane kusan 60,000 sun rasa matsugunin su.

## Duba wannan
*Boko Haram
*Ta'addancin addinai a Najeriya
*Musulunci a Najeriya

## Hikaya
* Allan Christelow, Abdalla Uba Adamu: Art. "Mai Tatsine" in John L. Esposito (ed.): *A cikin Oxford Encyclopedia na duniyar [[Musulunci]].* 6 Bde. Oxford 2009. Bd. III, S. 459-462.

## Manazarta

## Diddigin bayanai na waje
*BBC World Service - Witness:  Maitatsine - original broadcast 27 December 2012
*The 1982 Maitatsine uprisings in Nigeria: a note
*What We Can Learn From the Maitatsine History (Tunde Leye’s Friday Thoughts), by Demola T. Olarewaju - Jun 14, 2013
*Radical Islam in the Lake Chad Basin, 1805-2009: From the Jihad to Boko Haram , Written by S. U. Fwatshak,
* MAITATSINE BLOODBATH; NIGERIA'S RELIGIOUS TERROR OF THE 80'S (PHOTOS + VIDEO) . Saturday, December 28, 2013. 
* Boko Haram: History, Ideas and Revolt. By Shehu Sani,  Newsdiaryonline  Wed Aug 3,2011.
Mulhidanci

**Mulhidanci** daya **Mulhidi** jam'i **Mulhidai**,asalin kalmar daga harshen Larabci ta samo asali daga الالحاد،ma'ana kauracewa daga yin imani da abun bauta ko mahalicci da yin bara'a ga addinai.  Mutumin da ya kauracewa addinai ko imani da wani abin bauta (wanda ake gani da wanda ba'a gani) ana kiransa da mulhidi.

## Hotuna

File:Professor_Richard_Dawkins_-_March_2005.jpg|Farfesa Richard Dawkins daya daga cikin sanannen Mulhidi, na karni na 21
File:AtheismLogo.svg|Tambarin Mulhidanci
 

## Manazarta
Bucephalus

**Bucephalus** or **Bucephalas**, Ya kasance shahararran Doki na Alakszandira,dokin yayi matukar shahara ta yanda saida jinsa da ganinsa ya rastsa kowacce nahiyar duniya gaba daya.   an ruwaito cewa Bucephalus ya rasa ransa bayan wani yaki da akayi mai suna Yakin Hydaspes a 326&nbsp;BC, a wani yanki wanda a yau yankin yana cikin garinPunjab, Pakistan wato Pakistan, kuma an birne shi a Jalalpur Sharif a wajan garin Jhelum a cikin Punjab, Pakistan wato Pakistan. 

Sunan dokin ya samo asali ne daga kan gatari a yaran su.

## Natsuwa akan Bucephalus
 

Wani mai saida doki mai suna Philonicus wanda a ke ma lakabi da Thessalian ya bama sarki  King Philip II baban Alakszandira, damar samun Bucephalus in har yaci gasan iya kama Bucephalus akan kudi Dala (kimanin $182,000 na shekrar 2017 dollars) da aka auna da kudin su nada.saboda mai dokon yace babu wanda zai iya kama linzamin dokin, kuma in har kayi kokarin yin hakan zai baka kudin da dokin, in kuma  ka kasa to zaka ba shi adadin wancan kudin, Sarki Philip baida sha'awar gasan.

An bama Alakszandira dama sai ya bama kowa mamaki, yayi ma dokin fito mai sanyi, sai dokin ya juya ya kalla rana, hikiman Alakszandira shine dan dokin kada ya ga inuwarsa, sai ya kama linzamin dokin ya natsar da shi,     .
## Hotuna

File:Alexander_entering_Italy_with_his_followers.jpg|Alexander bisa dokin na Shiga kasar Italiya tare da Mabiyansa
File:Alexander_and_Bucephalus..gif|Alexander bisa dokin


## Diddigin bayanai
Philonicus

***Philonicus*** shine dan kasuwa mai saida dawaki wanda ya saka dokinsa mai suna Bucephalus ga Alakszandira, kuma Alakszandira  yayi nasaran samun dokin   

## Manazarta
Yusuf Alkaradawi

**Yusuf al-Qaradawi** (; ko kuma *Yusuf al-Qardawi*; An haifeshi ne a ranar 9 ga watan  satumban shekarar 1926 - 26 Satumba 2022) ɗan ƙasar Egypt ne kuma malamin Addinin Musulunci amman yana zaune ne a Doha, wato ƙasar Qatar, kuma shine shugaban ƙungiyar *International Union of Muslim Scholars*. ya ƙarfafa ma Hassan al Banna, Abul A'la Maududi da kuma Naeem Siddiqui. ya shahara ne akan aikin sa da yake yi mai suna "الشريعة والحياة", *al-Sharīʿa wa al-Ḥayāh* ma'ana ("Shari'a da kuma Rayuwa"), wanda ake nunawa a tashan sadarwa na Al Jazeera, wanda ke da kimanin mutane masu kallo sama da miliyan 40 zuwa 60 a faɗin duniya. Kuma an san shi da Islam Online, yanar gizo wacce ya taima ka a shekarar 1997 kuma shine shugabanta.

## Karatu

Alkardawi ya wallafa littattafai fiye da 120, haɗe da *[[The Lawful and the Prohibited in Islam]]* da kuma Musulunci.

## Manazarta
Rashanci

**Rashanci** (Da turanci *Russian*) harshe ne dake da asalin sa daga kasar Rasha kuma ya yadu ne a duniya sakamakon shaharar da mutanen Rasha keda shi.
## Hotuna

File:Cyrillic_alternates.svg|Haruffan yaren rashanci 
File:Afiŝoj ĉe lingvolernejo (Tjumeno) 02.jpg|Samfurin rubutun yaren 


## Manazarta
Jomo Kenyatta

**Jomo Kenyatta** ɗan siyasan ƙasar Kenya ne. An haife shi a shekara ta alif dari takwas da casa'in da bakwai 1897 a Gatandu, Kenya (a lokacin mulkin mallakan Birtaniya); ya mutu a *shekara* ta 1978 a birnin Mombasa. Jomo Kenyatta shi ne Firaministan ƙasar *Kenya* na farko, daga watan Yuni a shekara ta 1963 zuwa watan Disamba a shekara ta 1964, shine shugaban ƙasar *Kenya* na farko ne daga watan Disamba a shekara ta 1964 zuwa watan Agusta a shekara ta 1978 (kafin Daniel arap Moi). 
## Manazarta
Kisumu

**Kisumu** birni ne, da ke a kan tafkin Victoria, a lardin Kisumu, a ƙasar Kenya. Shi ne babban birnin lardin Kisumu. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2018, akwai jimilar mutane 1,268,000. An gina Kisumu a shekara ta 1901 bayan haihuwar Annabi Issa.

## Hotuna

File:Ahero_Rice_Fields_(5354665401).jpg|Gonar Shinkafa ta Ahero, Kisumu
File:Boatman_Titus.jpg|Wani mai Kwale-kwale a Kisumu
File:Ferry_Jetty,_Kisumu,_Kenya_-_panoramio.jpg|Ferry Jetty, Kisumu, Kenya
File:Jomo_Kenyatta_Stadium.jpg|Filin wasan kwallo na Jomo, Kisumu
File:Kisumu_City.jpg|Birnin Kisumu
File:Kisumu_Clock_tower.JPG|Hasumiyar Agogo, Kisumu
File:Kisumu_Night.jpg|Birnin da dare
File:Kisumu_town_hall.jpg|Dakin taro na birnin
File:Kisumu.jpg|Kisumu ma daya daga cikin manyan biranen ƙasar 
File:Watu_offices_Kisumu.jpg|Ofishin Watu, Kisumu
File:Kisumu_Airport_Terminus_2016.jpg|Filin jirgin Sama na Kisumu, Kenya
Mwanza

**Mwanza** birni ne, da ke a yankin Dar es Salaam, a ƙasar Tanzaniya. Shi ne babban birnin yankin Mwanza. Mwanza ya na da yawan jama'a 700,000, bisa ga ƙidayar 2012. An gina birnin Mwanza a shekara ta 1892. 
 

## Manazarta
Nampula

**Nampula** birni ne, da ke a ƙasar Mozambik. Shi ne babban birnin yankin Nampula. Nampula ya na da yawan jama'a 743,125, bisa ga ƙidayar 2017. An gina birnin Nampula a shekara ta 1919.

## Hotuna

File:Vista_frontal_do_Museu_Nacional_de_Ectnologia_de_Mocambique_1.jpg|National Museum of Ectnology of Mozambique
File:Instituto_Politecnico_Isamico_de_Mocambique_1.jpg|Isamico Polytechnic Institute of Mocambique
File:Elei%C3%A7%C3%B5es_aut%C3%A1rquicas_em_Mo%C3%A7ambique,_2018.jpg|Zaben kananan hukumomi a birnin, 2018
File:MZ-Nampula.png|Taswirar kasar na nuna birnin a launin Ja 
File:NampulaConselho.jpg|Birnin
File:Street_vendors_in_Nampula,_Mozambique,_VOA.jpg|Masu sayar da abubuwa a bakin titi a Nampula, Mozambique
File:EPC_de_Mutomote.jpg|EPC de Mutomote
File:Mozambique_school.jpg|Wata makaranta a birnin 
File:Nampula_provincial_hospital,_Mozambique.jpg|Asibitin lardin Nampula, Mozambique
File:NampulaNighttime.jpg|Birnin da dare
File:Nampula_Airport,_2007.jpg|Filin jirgin Sama na Nampula
Beira

**Beira:** Birni ne, da ke a ƙasar Mozambik. Shi ne babban birnin yankin Sofala. Beira ya na da yawan jama'a 533,825, bisa ga ƙidayar 2017. An gina birnin Beira a shekara ta 1890, a tarihin mulkin mallakan Portugal.

## Hotuna

File:Beira_center_2000.jpg|Beira
File:TT_CMZ-AF-GT_E_2-1_10_44_-_Internacional_Hotel.jpg|Otal na birnin
File:Conselho_Municipal_da_Beira,_Mo%C3%A7ambique.jpg|Beira Municipal Council, Mozambique.
File:Beira_Airport_DF-SD-01-01511.jpg|Filin jirgin Sama na birnin Beira 
 

## Manazarta
Bulawayo

**Bulawayo** (lafazi : /bulawayo/) birni ne, da ke a ƙasar Zimbabwe. Shi ne babban birnin yankin Bulawayo. Bulawayo yana da yawan jama'a 1,200,337, bisa ga jimillar 2016. An gina birnin Bulawayo a shekara ta 1840.

## Hotuna

File:The_National_Archives_UK_-_CO_1069-101-1.jpg|The National Archives UK - CO 1069-101-1
File:Bulavayo_22032005.jpg|Birnin
File:ZW_Bulawayo_High_Court.JPG|Kotun koli ta Bulawayo
File:Aerial_view_of_Solusi_Adventist_University.jpg|Jami'ar Solusi
Bulawayo, Rhodesia -- 1976.jpg|Bulawayo, Rhodesia, 1976
Government House, Bulawayo.jpg|Government House, Bulawayo
Rhodes statue Bula Museum.jpg|Mutum-mutumin Rhodes, Gidan tarihi na Bula
Bulawayo city park.jpg|Bulawayo city park
Bulawayo Nkomo Str.jpg|Bulawayo Nkomo Str
Garden in suburban Bulawayo.jpg|Lambu a suburban, Bulawayo
Bouaké

**Bouaké** (lafazi: /bwake/) birni ne, da ke a ƙasar Côte d'Ivoire. Shi ne babban birnin lardin Vallée du Bandama (Kwarin Bandama). Bouaké ya na da yawan jama'a 536,189, bisa ga jimillar ta shekarar 2014. An gina birnin Bouaké a shekara ta 1899.
Gansa kuka

**Gansa Kuka** wani tsiro ne dake fitowa a guri mai danshin gaske, wuri mai ruwa da kuma sanyi-sanyi.

     
 

## Diddigin bayanai
Kasashen tsakiyar Asiya l

**Ƙasashen tsakiyar Asiya** Ƙasashe ne a cikin Nahiyar Asiya ta Tsakiya, Karshen sunaye ƙasashen ya kare da "Tan" ma'anar sa kuwa shine Kasa a harshen yaran Parisa   
kasashen sune:- 
#Kazakystan .
#Kyrgystan .
# Tajikistan .
#Turkmenistan.
#Uzbekistan

## Manazarta.
Farisa

**Farisa** ƙabila ce ta kasar Iran wacce ta ƙunshi fiye da rabin jama'ar Iran.  Suna da tsarin al'adu iri ɗaya kuma su ne 'yan asalin harshen Farisa    da kuma harsunan da ke da alaƙa da Farisa. 

Asalin Farisawa sun kasance tsoffin mutanen Iran ne waɗanda suka yi ƙaura zuwa yankin Farisa (daidai da lardin Fars na Iran na zamani) a ƙarni na 9 KZ.   Tare da abokan zamansu, sun kafa kuma sun mulka wasu manyan dauloli na duniya   waɗanda aka san su sosai saboda tasirinsu na al'adu, siyasa da zamantakewa, wanda ya mamaye yawancin yankuna da yawan jama'a na zamanin da duniya.  A tarihance, mutanen Farisa sun ba da gudummawa sosai ga fasaha da kimiyya. Adabin Farisa na ɗaya daga cikin fitattun al'adun adabi na duniya. 

A cikin kalmomi na zamani, mutanen Afghanistan, Tajikistan, da Uzbekistan waɗanda suke jin harshen Farisa ana kiransu da suna *Tajik*, tare da tsoffin ƙasashen biyu suna da yarukan Farisa da aka fi sani da Dari da Tajiki, bi da bi; alhãli kuwa waɗanda ke cikin Caucasus (musamman a Jamhuriyar Azerbaijan da Dagestan, Rasha ), duk da cewa suna da yawa, ana kiran su da *Tats*.   A tarihance, duk da haka, an yi amfani da kalmomin *Tajik* da *Tat* daidai gwargwado kuma tare da *Farisa* .  Yawancin fitattun mutanen Farisa sun fito ne daga wajen iyakokin Iran na yau - zuwa arewa maso gabas a Afganistan da Asiya ta Tsakiya, kuma zuwa ƙaramin yanki a cikin Caucasus zuwa wasu tsirarun yankuna a yankin arewa maso yamma.   A cikin mahallin tarihi, musamman a harshen Ingilishi, ana iya siffanta "Persian" da (sau da yawa a matsayin asalin ƙasa) don mamaye duk wasu batutuwa na tsohuwar masarautar Farisa, ba tare da la'akari da asalinsu ba.

## Ethnonym

### Asalin Kalma
Kalmar *Farisa*, ma'ana "daga Persia", ya samo asali daga  Latin , ta samo asali daga Girkanci  (  ),  wani nau'i na Hellenized na Tsohon Farisa  (  ), wanda ya rikide zuwa  (  ) a cikin Farisa na zamani.  A cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki, musamman a cikin littattafan Daniyel, Esther, Ezra, da Nehemya, an ba da shi a matsayin  (  ).

Ilimin al'adun gargajiya na Girka ta haɗa sunan zuwa Perseus, almara na tatsuniyar Girkanci. Herodotus ya ba da wannan labari,  daga wani baƙo mai suna Perses, wanda Farisa suka ɗauki sunan daga gare shi. Haka zalika, Farisawa da kansu sun san wannan labarin,  kamar yadda Xerxes I yayi ƙoƙari ya yi amfani da shi don ya haifar da Argives a lokacin da ya mamaye Girka, amma a ƙarshe ya gaza cin nasara.
## Hotuna

File:Dinar_of_Narseh_-_The_second_crown.jpg|Dinari Ko Kwandalayen kudi na mutanen Kabilar a lokacin baya
File:LOGOPE-CDR.jpg|Tambarin Ƙabilar
 

## Manazarta
Rikicin Kashmir

Rikicin Jammu da Kashmir (Indiyanci: कश्मीर विवाद, Urdu: مسئلہ کشمیر‎) takaddama ce ta yanki a tsakanin kasashen Indiya da Pakistan. Indiya tana ayyana dukkan yankin da nata ne. A yanzu kuma tana da iko da kashi 43% na yankin, wanda ya hada da yankin Kashmir, Ladakh da kuma Siachen Glacier. Yayinda itakuma kasar Pakistan take da iko da kaso 45% na yankunan Jammu da Kashmir, wanda suka hada da yankunan Azad ta Kashmir da kuma yankunan arewacin Gilgit da Baltistan. Pakistan tace yakamata yayi zaben raba gardama a Kashmir domin tabbatar da samun ra'ayin jama'ar yankin akan kodai ya kasance a Pakistan ko Indiya ko kuma yasamu gashin kan sa. 

## Tarihin rikicin Kashmir

Rikicin ya fara ne lokacin da ake neman bangarewar kasar Indiya a (1947-47). A watan Oktoba 20, 1947, kabilu daban daban suka kokanta da mamayar da kasar Pakistan ke yi a yankunan Kashmir. Da farko dai Maharaja na Jammu da Kashmir ya fara yakar hakan amma ranar 27 ga Oktoba yayi korafi ga babban gwamna na mulkin mallaka wato Louis Mountbatten. Wanda ya amince da hakan, bayan an saka hannu a kan takardun tallafawa Indiya wajen korar sojojin Pakistan ne sai sojojin Indiya suka shiga yankunan na Jammu da Kashmir da umarnin cewa a dakatar da kowanne irin ayyuka na Pakistan a yankunan. Haka kuma Indiya ta kai al'amarin ga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Kuma dai ita Majalisar Dinkin Duniyar ta yi kira ga Pakistan data gaggauta da barin yankunan amma kuma ita Pakistan din taki amincewa.
A 1947-8 Indiya da Pakistan suka yi yaki karon farko a tsakanin su akan Jammu da Kashmir.

## Ruwa
Wani karin dalilin da ya kawo rikicin na Jammu da Kashmir kuma shine Ruwa. Mafiya yawancin kogunan yankunan suna farawa ne daga Kashmir. Wasu daga cikin suna suna haduwa ne a babbar madatsa ta Kogin Indus, kamar su kogunan Jhelum da Chenab. Sune suke wucewa su shiga kasar Pakistan kuma mutane nayin amfani da shi wajen noman rani. Sauran kogunan kamar na Ravi, kogin Beas da na Sutlej suna shiga zuwa arewacin Indiya.

Wani kari daga dalilin haddasuwar rikicin shine Iyaka a 1947, Indiya ce ke iko da mafiya yawancin filayen noman ranin mutanen Pakistan. Kuma kasar ta Pakistan tana fargabar watarana Indiya kan dates hanyoyin ruwan da suka faro daga yankunan da Indiya ke da iko a Kashmir. Wannan kuma kan cutar da tattalin arzikin Pakistan. Anyi yarjejeniya ta ruwan Indus wadda aka sama hannu a 1960 domin daidaita rabon Ruwa.

### Halin yanzu

A yau Kashmir ta kasu kamar haka:

Jamhuriyyar Indiya na iko da yankin Jammu da Kashmir. Wanda ya hada da yankunan Jammu, Kashmir da Ladakh. Pakistan na daukar hakan da yankin da Indiya ke da iko a Kashmir. Yankunan Arewacin Azad Jammu da Kashmir Pakistan ce ke tafiyar da ikon su. Islamabad na kiran su da yankunan Kashmir wanda Pakistan ke da iko. Indiya kuwa na kiran su da yankunan Kashmir da Pakistan ta mamaye.

Yankin da ake kira Aksai Chin kuma kasar Sin ce keda iko da shi. Sannan kuma Sin din tana da iko da yankunan da ta karba daga hannun Pakistan, suna kiran su da Karokoram.

## Manazarta
Antatika

**Antarctica** Antatika, shi ne yankin duniya na bakwai kuma na ƙarshe da a ka gano, bayan Afirka, yankin ya nada matuƙar sanyi kuma da matuƙar iska ta yadda kwata-kwata ba'a samu mutane 'yan asalin wajen ba, sai dabbobi da tsuntsaye da kuma gansa kuka, shi ne yankin duniya wanda yafi kowanne daidaiton kasa. Sanyin yankin ya kai degiri −89.2 °C zuwa (−128.6 °F) kai harma fiye da haka, kusan −94.7&nbsp;°C (−135.8&nbsp;°F an auna hakan ne daga sararin samaniya).

Antatika shi ne yankin nahiya a duniya na ƙarshe da'aka gano, sai a shekarar (1820) bayan wani mai yawon buɗe ido ɗan ƙasar Rasha yayi balaguro zuwa yankin]] mai suna Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen da Mikhail Lazarev a wani jirgin ruwa


File: 061212-nordkapp.jpg
File:Fryxellsee Opt.jpg
File:Mount Erebus Aerial 2.jpg
File:Aurore australe - Aurora australis.jpg


## Rayuwa

Nahiyar Antatika turawa sun mallake yankin. meaning "opposite to the Arctic", "opposite to the north".Amma sun saka dokar hana diban ma'adanan kasar wajen, mafi yawan abu masu rai a Nahiyar tsuntsayen teku ne mai suna Panju

## Canjin suna
Asali ana kiran yankin ne da suna Terra Australis sai daga baya aka maida shi Antatika Amma an fara kiran sunan ne a shekarar (1890s).

## Tarihi da kuma bincike
Masu fili da ƙasa a Antatika sun haɗa da Birtaniya da Japan da kuma Amurka

### Dabbobi

## Diddigin bayani

## Diddigin bayanai na waje

* High resolution map (2018) – Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica 
* 
* British Services Antarctic Expedition 2012 
* Antarctic Treaty Secretariat, *de facto* government
* British Antarctic Survey (BAS)
* U.S. Antarctic Program Portal
* Australian Antarctic Division
* Portals on the World – Antarctica from the Library of Congress
* NASA's LIMA (Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica) (USGS mirror)
* The Antarctic Sun  (Online newspaper of the U.S. Antarctic Program)
* Antarctica and New Zealand (NZHistory.net.nz)
* Journey to Antarctica in 1959
* Listen to Ernest Shackleton describing his 1908 South Pole Expedition
* Map of Antarctican subglacial lakes
* Video: The Bedrock Beneath Antarctica
* Slang used in Antarctica
Tekun Atalanta

**Tekun Atalanta** shi ne Teku na biyu da kuma yafi kowanne Teku girma a duniya, yana da kimanin girman . Tekun ya ci kimanin *tazarar* kashi 20 a cikin 100 na fadin Duniya. 

## Hotuna

File:Atalanta.jpg|**Tekun Atalanta**
File:Atlantic_Ocean_surface.jpg|Mid-Atlantic Ridge daga Pole ta Arewa zuwa Pole ta Kudu
File:Saint_Lawrence_Gap,_Christ_Church-15.jpg|Duba tekun Atlantika daga kudu maso gabashin gabar da birnin, Barbados.
Fayil:"Atlanta" (Confederate Ram) on James River after capture (4267033696).jpg|kogin Atlanta kenam


## Manazarta
FIFA

**Hukumar kwallan kafa ta Duniya**  ko kuma (**FIFA**) sun kasance kungiya ce bata neman kudi ba na Duniya, wanda suke kula da kuma al'amuran sha'anin Kwallon kafa na Duniya gaba ɗaya. Kuma sun kasan ce suna kula da Kwallon kafa da kuma Kwallan Yashi . an kafata ne a shekara ta alif 1904.

Ƙungiyar ta kore wasu daga cikin masu mata aiki a sakamakon cin hanci da rashawa da suke karba, sun hada da Sepp Blatter da kuma Michel Platini. 

## Diddigin bayanai
Yammacin Asiya

**Yammacin Asiya**, **Asiya ta Yamma**,**Kudu maso Yamma da Asiya** shine yankin yammaci na nahiyar Asiya. Ana takaitawa ace yammacin Asiya, amma ana iya fadadawa wajen fadin Gabas ta Tsakiya, anan kuma akan hada ne harda dukkannin yankunan kasar Misira da kuma yankin Turkiyya Turai. 

Adadin yawan mutane a yankin yammacin Asiya an kiyasta zai kai miliyan 300 a kiyasin da akayi na shekarar 2015.

## Tarihi

A farkon karni na 19 ana amfani da Kalmar *yammacin asiya* ne wajen bambancewa tsakanin yanayin muhallai na nahiyar Asiya da kuma bambance tsakanin iyakoki na kasashen da suka shafi yankin. Amma dai dukda haka ana daukar yankin a matsayin wani bamgare na nahiyar Asiya..

## Tattalin Arziki
Yanayin hanyoyin samun tattalin arziki a yammacin Asiya ya bambanta,amma ana samun saurin habakar tattalin arziki kwarai a yankin.Kasar Turkiyya ce kan gaba wajen karfin tattalin arziki a yammacin Asiya sai kasar Saudiyya ke biye da ita a matsayin ta biyu da kuma kasar Iran.Man fetur shine babban tattalin arziki a yankin, India Samar da rabin man fetur da duniya me da shi yake a yankin, sannan kuma kashi 40% na iskar gas ta duniya ma na a yankin..

## Kasashen
Kasashen yammacin Asiya sune;

*Abkhazia
*Armeniya
*Azerbaijan
*Baharain
*Cyprus
*Georgia
*Iraq
*Iran
*Isra'ila
*Jordan
*Kuwait
*Lebanon
*Oman
*Falasdinu
*Qatar
*Saudiyya
*Syria
*Turkiyya
*Daular Larabawa
*Yemen

Sannan kuma akan kara da Misira.
## Alkaluma

Kidayar jumullar mutane a yankin yammacin Asiya ya kai miliyan 272 a 2008, akwai hasahen adadin ka iya kaiwa miliyan 370 zuwa shekarar 2030 a wani kiyasi na *Maddison* (kididdigar ta hada da yankin Caucus da kuma kasar Cyprus. Wannan ya kunshi karin hauhawar haihuwar mutane Akan kaso 1.4% a shekara shekara.

Mutane a yammacin Asiya sunkai kaso 4% na mutanen Duniya, sun fara ne daga miliyan 39 a farkon karin na 20, ko a kalla kaso 2% na mutanen duniya.

Kasa mafi yawan jama'a a yankin yammacin Asiya itace kasar Turkiyya sai kuma Iran, wadanda dukkansu mutanen su sun kai miliyan 79, masu biye masu ta fuskar yawan jama'a kuma sune kasashen Saudi Arebiya da Iraƙi masu adadin mutane sama da miliyan 33.

Larabawa dai aka fi sani a yankin yammacin Asiya, sai kuma Farisawa, Turkawa, sannan harsunan yankin sune Larabci, Farisa, Turkanci, wadanda kowanne nada masu amfani da su Sama da mutane miliyan 70, akwai wasu kananan kabilu wadanda suka hada da Kurdawa, Azabaijawa,  Yahudawa.
Sauran kabilu marasa rinjaye sun hada da  Assiriyawa, Chaldiyawa, Druze, Mandawa, Maronitawa, Shabakawa, Lur da Yazidawa.
## Hotuna

File:Nubian_Ibex_in_Negev.JPG|Nau'in Akuyar daga Negav da ke a yankin
File:C%C3%A8dre_du_Liban_Barouk_2005.jpg|Wani yankin a yankin yammacin Asiya


## Manazarta
Yahudawa

**Yahudanci; kalmar** *Yahudawa* *[[jam'i]]* ce, *[[tilo]]* kuma ana cewa **Yahudu** sune mabiya addinin Yahudanci na Annabi Musa, yawancin su suna Yaren Ibrananci ne wanda suke da rinjaye a kasar Isra'ila, Falasdinu da kuma Amurka, ana kiran su da *[[Yahudawa]]* ne saboda addininsu na da asali da Annabi Yusuf izuwa ga baban sa annabi Yakub.

Yawancin *[[Yahudawa]]* suna cikin yankin Nahiyar Asiya ne.

## Manazarta.
Jam'i

**Jam'i** asali kalmar Larabci ne, aka aro ta a ka sata a yaran Hausa, (Aran Kalma), a Hausance tana nufin Abubuwa da yawa da ya fara daga biyu zuwa sama.in kuma daya ne to ana cewa Tilo. misali: Kalmar **Kwai**Tilo ce, Jam'in kuma ana cewa **Kwai-kwaye** ko kuma **Kwayaye.**

## Diddign bayani

## Manazarta
Tilo

**Tilo** Cikakkiyar kalmar Hausa ce, Hausawa na cewa Tilo ne idan abu ya kuma kasance kwara-ɗaya tal, idan kuma sunada yawa daga biyu zuwa sama suna kiranshi da kuma Jam'i, misali: Kalmar **Kwai** Tilo ce, Jam'i n ta kuma ana cewa **Kwai-kwaye** ko kuma **Kwayaye.**

## Diddign bayani
Hijira daga Afirka zuwa Turai

**Mazauna [[Afirka]] a [[Turai]]** jama'a ne da aka haifa a Afirka da suke da zama a kasashen Turai.

## Tarihi

Tun shekarar Alif ɗari tara da sittin (1960), hanyan da yan Afirka ke bi zuwa Turai itace ƙasar Moroko, Aljeriya, da ƙasar Libiya, Tunisiya da ƙasar Misra, wanda hakan ya haifar da ƙarin jama'a da suka fito daga Afirks a ƙasashen Turai a ƙarni na Ashirin.

A shekarar 1973 lokacin da aka samu masalar man fetur ta duniya, aka sanata dokokin shiga da fita turai 1973 oil crisis. Ba wai anyi a kan bane domin dakele shiga turai ta Arewacin Afirka, face, a inganta zama na dindin a turai. A wanna lokaci, yawancin hijiran da ake samu daga kasashe Maghreb ne zuwa Faransa, Netherlands, Belgium da kasar Ƙamus. A rabin shekarar 1980, an samu yawan mutanen da suka yi hijira daga kasashen yamma zuwa Spain da Italiya saboda bukatar masu aiki   

## Manazarta
Gwamnonin Najeriya

Wannan shine teburin dake nuna jerin **gwamnonin** Nijeriya na yanzu. Anayin zaben gwamnonin a Najeriya na tsawon lokacin  da yakai shekaru hudu, kuma sukan yi zango biyu ne kawai. Sannan Gwamnatin tarayya  ce kadai keda alhakin nada Ministoci a Birnin Taraiya.

## Cancanta ko dacewa

Kafin mutum ya cancanci zama gwamna a Najeriya tofa dole ne sai ya zama haifaffen kasar, sannan sai ya kai shekaru 35, kuma sai yana da jam'iyyar siyasa.  Kundin mulkin kasar ya ka'ide ma gwamna tsawon zaman sa a matsayin gwamna na Zango biyu ne kawai,  (shekara hudu kowanne Zango).

## Gwamnoni

A yanzu akwai Gwamnonin a jahohin Najeriya 36

* Jan'iyyar people Democratic Party (PDP) nada jiha 17.

* Jam'iyyar All Progressive Congress (APC) nada jiha 18.

* Jam'iyyar All Progressive Grand Alliance (APGA) nada jiha 1.

## Manazarta