Louise Gavan Duffy

**Louise Gavan Duffy** ( Irish   ; 17 ga Yuli 1884 - 12 ga Oktoba 1969) ta kasance mai ilimi, mai sha'awar harshen Irish kuma mai farfaɗo da harshen Gaelic, inda ta kafa Gaelscoil na farko a Ireland.    Ta kuma kasance mai ra'ayin mazan jiya kuma mai kishin ƙasa na Irish wanda ke nan a Ofishin Wasiku na Janar, babban hedikwata a lokacin tashin Ista na 1916.

An haifi Duffy a Nice, Faransa, cikin dangin Anglo-Australian-Irish. Mahaifinta, daga baya 'yan'uwanta, sun kasance manyan mutane a fannin siyasa da shari'a a Ireland da Ostiraliya. An rene ta a Faransa a cikin gida mai wadata da kuma al'adu mai cike da mutane inda ta fuskanci manyan mutane da ra'ayoyi na siyasa. 

Tana ɗaya daga cikin mata na farko da suka kammala karatunsu daga Jami'ar College Dublin, inda ta sami digiri na farko a fannin fasaha a shekarar 1911.  

Sha'awarta ga zaɓen mata da kuma ƙabilancin Ireland ya haifar da kusanci da waɗannan ƙungiyoyi da kuma mata masu irin wannan ra'ayi. Ta zama memba a cikin ƙungiyoyi biyu na jam'iyyar Republican ta mata masu aikin sa kai ta ƙasar, *Cumann na mBan* da *Cumann na Saoirse* .  An tura ta don ta dafa abinci ga masu juyin juya hali a lokacin tawayen Easter na Ireland a 1916. 

Yayin da take ƙara sha'awar koyon harshen Irish da ƙwarewa, daga ƙarshe ta kafa makarantar sakandare ta farko ta hanyar harshen Irish Gaelscoil a shekarar 1917.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife shi a Faransa, Louise Gavan Duffy 'yar ɗan ƙasar Ireland ce, Sir Charles Gavan Duffy, ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa *ƙungiyar The Nation* da matarsa ta uku, Louise (née Hall) daga Cheshire, Ingila.    Sakamakon ayyukansa na ɗan ƙasa, an yi ta yi wa mahaifinta shari'a akai-akai saboda cin amanar ƙasa. An zaɓe shi zuwa Westminster a shekarar 1852. Cikin takaici, ya koma Ostiraliya inda daga baya ya zama Firayim Minista na 8 na Victoria . Ya yi ritaya zuwa Faransa a shekarar 1880 inda yanayin zafi ya dace da shi.

Mahaifiyar Louise ta mutu tana da shekaru huɗu; daga baya 'yan'uwanta 'yan ƙasar Ostiraliya suka yi renon ta a Nice bayan auren mahaifinta na biyu.  

Ɗan'uwan Louise, George Gavan Duffy, ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Anglo-Irish a shekarar 1921, ɗan siyasa ne ɗan ƙasar Ireland, lauya kuma alkali. Ɗan'uwanta, Sir Frank Gavan Duffy, shi ne Babban Alkali na huɗu na Babbar Kotun Ostiraliya, yana zaune a kan benci daga 1913 zuwa 1935. Wani ɗan'uwa kuma ya yi aiki mafi yawan rayuwarsa a matsayin mai wa'azi a yankin Pondicherry na Faransa. 

### Nazarin
Ziyarar Duffy ta farko zuwa Ireland ita ce a shekarar 1903, tana da shekaru 18, lokacin da mahaifinta ya mutu aka binne shi a Makabartar Glasnevin . A lokacin ne ta fara jin ana magana da harshen Irish ; ta sami littafin nahawu a wani shagon littattafai kuma ta fara son sani, daga baya ta rubuta. [1] Mahaifinta ba mai magana da harshen Irish ba ne, kodayake kakarta a farkon shekarun 1800 ya kamata ta iya magana da kyau. [1]

Ta shafe shekaru tsakanin 1903 da 1907 tsakanin Faransa da Ingila. Ta yi kwasa-kwasan karatu ta Kwalejin Cusack da ke Landan domin ta sami damar yin karatun digiri.

Ta yanke shawarar ci gaba da karatunta a Dublin amma ba ta iya komawa ba har sai da ta sami ƙaramin gado daga kakarta a gefen gidan. Da zarar ta isa Ireland a 1907, tana da shekaru 23, ta fara karatun jami'a, tana ɗaukar zane-zane. Tana zaune a Kwalejin Mata, Dominican Convent (saboda ba a ba mata damar halartar laccoci a Jami'ar Royal ta Ireland ba ). Ta kan je lokaci-lokaci zuwa Gaeltacht don koyon Irish. Ta kammala karatun digiri a 1911 tare da digiri na farko a fannin Fasaha, daga Kwalejin Jami'a Dublin ( NUI ) ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin mata na farko da suka yi hakan.  

Ganin rashin malamai, ko da ba ta da cikakkiyar cancanta, sai ta koyar a makarantar Patrick Pearse ta St Ita ta 'yan mata a Ranelagh .     Duffy ta sake karatu tare da 'yan Dominica a titin Eccles, inda ta sami Difloma ta Koyarwa daga Jami'ar Cambridge.

### Siyasa
Duffy, wacce ke goyon bayan zaɓen mata, ta yi jawabi a wani taro a Dublin a shekarar 1912, inda ta goyi bayan kafa dokar Dokar Gida, wadda ta ƙunshi sashe don bai wa mata damar kaɗa ƙuri'a. Ta kuma shiga ƙungiyar mata masu zaman kansu ta jam'iyyar Republican ta Ireland, *Cumann na mBan*, a matsayin memba da ta kafa ta a watan Afrilun 1914, inda ta yi aiki a kwamitin wucin gadi tare da Mary Colum, a matsayin mataimakiyar sakatare.  

Ta san cewa zama mai ra'ayin mazan jiya da kuma mai ra'ayin kishin ƙasa ba lallai ba ne abu ɗaya ne, ganin cewa shigarta cikin *Cumann na mBan* yana goyon bayan kishin ƙasa ne.   Lokacin da aka rufe makarantar St Ita saboda matsalolin kuɗi a shekarar 1912, Duffy ta yi amfani da damar don kammala karatunta. Bayan ta sami takardar shaidar malamar Cambridge a shekarar 1913, ta koma UCD don yin karatu don digiri na biyu na Fasaha.  

## Manazarta