Zartarwar Majalisar dinkin duniya akan hakkin kananan manoma

**Zartarwa akan Haƙƙin** manoma (**UNDROP** ), a hukumance *sanarwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ce game da haƙƙin ƙananan manoma da sauran mutanen da ke aiki a yankunan karkara*, wani ƙuduri ne na UNGA kan haƙƙin ɗan adam tare da "fahimtar duniya", Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta sanya shi cikin tsarin ta a shekara ta 2018. 

## Tarihi.

### Asali
A cikin shekara ta 2008, La Via Campesina ne ya ƙaddamar da ***sanarwar 'yancin manoma - Mata da maza***  wanda, tare da goyon baya daga sauran ƙungiyoyin jama'a, ya gabatar da shi ga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sashin Yancin Dan Adam.

Daga nan ne aka yi amfani da wannan rubutaccen tsarin a matsayin tushe tsakanin shekara ta 2009, zuwa 2019, don tattaunawa da rubutun sanarwar UNDROP ta ƙarshe. Tattaunawar ta sami goyon bayan kungiyoyin al'ummomi irin su La Via Campesina, FIAN International, ko kuma  Europe–Third World Centre  (CETIM), har ma da kungiyoyin masana kimiyya irin su Ƙungiyar kananan manoma na Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights, da Wakilan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Musamman da dama. 

### Hakkokin manoma.
Manufar *haƙƙin ƙauye ya* ginu akan ***haƙƙin  ƙananan manoma da*** aka amince da su, da dai sauransu, a cikin Yarjejeniyar kuma Shuka ta FAO da kuma Yarjejeniyar Bambancin Halittu.

### Tattaunawar rubutu

#### Kafin a fara tattaunawar

#### Kaddamar.
Tattaunawar, wadda Bolivia ta jagoranta da farko,  Kwamitin Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam ne na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ne ya kaddamar da shi kuma a karshe Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da shi.

#### Majalisar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam.
A ranar 28, ga Satumba 2018, an gabatar da daftarin kuduri A/HRC/39/L.16, ga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke kare hakkin dan adama, wanda Algeria, Bolivia, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Masar, Haiti, Kenya, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Philippines suka goyi bayan, Afirka ta Kudu, Togo, Venezuela da kuma kasar Falasdinu.

Daga baya an amince da shi tare da kuri'u 33, na amincewa, kasashe 11, kuma suka ki amincewa ( Belgium, Brazil, Croatia, Jamus, Iceland, Japan, Jamhuriyar Koriya, Slovakia, Slovenia da Spain) da 3, da (Australia, Hungary da Ingila) a matsayin kudurin HRC. 39/12. 

#### Kwamitin Na Uku Majalisar.
A ranar 24,ga watan Oktoba, kwamitin na uku na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta gudanar da wani taron hadin gwiwa tsakanin gwamnatocin kasashen waje, don tattauna daftarin UNDROP, inda wakilan Bolivia, Indonesia, Tarayyar Turai, Cuba da Afirka ta Kudu suka yi tsokaci. An gabatar da daftarin kuduri (A/C.3/73/L.30) ga kwamitin na uku na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 8 ga watan Nuwamba ta hanyar wakilin Bolivia tare da mai ba da gudummawa daga Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mongolia, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Portugal, Afirka ta Kudu da kuma Venezuela . 

A ranar 19, ga watan Nuwamba, daftarin ya sami goyon baya daga Benin, Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka, Chadi, Jamhuriyar Dominican, Masar, Eritrea, Guinea, Indonesia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Laberiya, Mali, Nijar, Najeriya, Pakistan, Saint Kitts da Nevis . Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saliyo, Somalia, Sudan ta Kudu, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia da Zimbabwe . Daga baya aka gabatar da shi don kada kuri'a, wanda sakamakon ya kasance mai inganci: tare da kuri'u 119, da suka amince, kuri'u 7, suka nuna adawa (Australia, Hungary, Isra'ila, New Zealand, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States of America) da 49, suka ki. 

#### Babban majalisi Na tsarin na 73.
A babban taronta karo na 55, a ranar 17, ga watan Disamba 2018, zama na saba'in da uku na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya zartas da kuduri mai lamba 73/165,   mai kunshe da UNDROP a matsayin kari, wanda gabatarwa ke karantawa:*Majalisar Dinkin Duniya,*

 *Da yake maraba da amincewar da Hukumar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam ta yi, a cikin kudurinta mai lamba 39/12 na 28 ga Satumba 2018,1 na sanarwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan hakkin manoma da sauran mutanen da ke aiki a yankunan karkara.*

# *Ya amince da sanarwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da Hakkokin Makiyaya da sauran mutanen da ke aiki a yankunan karkara, kamar yadda yake kunshe a cikin makala ga wannan kuduri;*
# *Yana gayyatar gwamnatoci, hukumomi da kungiyoyi na tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati don yada sanarwar da kuma inganta girmamawa da fahimtar duniya;*
# *Ya bukaci Sakatare-Janar ya hada da rubutun sanarwar a cikin bugu na gaba na Hakkokin Dan Adam: Tarin Kayayyakin Duniya.*
Kafin amincewa da hakan, wakilin Switzerland (daya daga cikin ƴan ƙasashen da ba su ci gaba ba) ya bayyana game da UNDROP cewa "yana neman taƙaita haƙƙin manoma a cikin takarda guda don ƙara wayar da kan jama'a game da halin da suke ciki. Alamar siyasa ce mai matukar muhimmanci.” 

**Kasashen da suka kada kuri'ar amincewa** sun hada da Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Antigua da Barbuda, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brunei Darussalam, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Central Central Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, Chad, Chile, Comoros, Kongo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Koriya ta Arewa, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, Djibouti, Dominika, Jamhuriyar Dominican, Ecuador, Masar, El Salvador, Eritrea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Qatar, Moldova, Rwanda, Saint Kitts da Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent da Gre nadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Saliyo, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Afirka ta Kudu, Sudan ta Kudu, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Tanzania, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Viet Nam, Yemen, Zambia da Zimbabwe .

Musamman, kasar Austiraliya, Guatemala, Hungary, Isra'ila, New Zealand, Sweden, Burtaniya da Amurka **sun kada kuri'ar kin amincewa da sanarwar** .

**Kasashen da suka nuna rashin amincewa a zaben su ne** Albania, Andorra, Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cameroon, Canada, Colombia, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, Faransa, Jojiya, Jamus, Girka, Honduras, Iceland, Ireland, Italiya, Japan, Kiribati, Latvia, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Malta, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Palau, Poland, Koriya ta Kudu, Romania, Rasha, Samoa, San Marino, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Arewacin Macedonia, Turkiyya, Tuvalu, Ukraine, da Vanuatu.

## Abubuwan da ke ciki.

### Tsokaci
Gabatarwar tana tunawa da jerin kayan aikin haƙƙin ɗan adam, musamman:

* Yarjejeniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya,
* Yarjejeniyar Hakkokin Dan Adam ta Duniya.
* Yarjejeniyar kawar da duk wani nau'i na wariyar launin fata ,
* Alkawari akan Hakkokin Tattalin Arziki, zamantakewa da Al'adu ,
* Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin Bil Adama da Siyasa,
* Yarjejeniyar kawar da duk wani nau'i na nuna wariya ga mata .
* Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin Yara,
* Yarjejeniyar Kare Hakkokin Baƙi.
* abubuwan da suka dace na Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya,
* Sanarwa kan Haƙƙin Ci Gaba,
* Sanarwa kan Haqqoqin ‘Yan Qasa.

Har ila yau, gabatarwar ta ambaci ajanda na 2030 don ci gaba mai dorewa, da kuma dokokin duniya masu dacewa, kamar:

* Yarjejeniyar Shuka (ITPGRFA),
* Yarjejeniyar Bambancin Halittu.
* da Yarjejeniyar da suka taso daga Amfani da su,
* Sharuɗɗan Sa-kai na FAO game da Alhaki na Gudanar da Mulkin Filaye, Kamun Kifi da Dazuzzuka a cikin Tsarin Tsarin Abinci na Ƙasa,
* Sharuɗɗan Sa-kai na FAO don Samar da Dorewa Kananan Kamun Kifi a cikin Tsarin Abinci da Kawar da Talauci.
* Sharuɗɗan Sa-kai na FAO don Tallafawa Ci gaban Ci gaban Haƙƙin Samun Isasshen Abinci a cikin Tsarin Tsarin Abinci na Ƙasa ,

### Mukalai na 1, 2, 27 da 28: tanadi na gaba ɗaya
Mukalai na 1 ya bayyana mahimman ra'ayoyi, Labari na 2, da 28, sun mayar da hankali kan babban wajibcin ƙasashe, sashe na 27, kuma ya lissafa nauyin da ke kan tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da sauran ƙungiyoyin gwamnatoci .

### Mukala na 3: daidaito.
Mukala na 3, ya gabatar da manufar daidaito da rashin nuna bambanci tsakanin manoma da sauran mutanen da ke aiki a yankunan karkara.

### Mukala na 4: mata.
Mataki na 4, na tunawa da babbar rawar da mata ke takawa a yankunan karkara, kuma ya yi kira da a daina nuna wariya ga mata, daidaita daidaiton jinsi, da shigar mata da shigar da su a kowane mataki.

### Mukala na 5 da 18: hakkin yanayi.
Mataki na 5, ya mayar da hankali ne kan 'yancin manoma na samun albarkatun kasa, ciki har da albarkatun halittu, da kuma jin dadin hanyoyin ci gaba, musamman ma ci gaba mai dorewa . Mataki na 18, ya cika ta ta hanyar ba da takamaiman haƙƙoƙin zuwa tsaftataccen muhalli, aminci da lafiya ga duk mutanen da ke aiki da rayuwa a yankunan karkara.

### Mukala na 6, 7, 8 da 9: 'yanci da 'yancin ɗan adam da na siyasa.
Wannan bangare na sanarwar yana magana ne akan ' yancin rayuwa, tsaron mutane da kuma 'yancin walwala, 'yancin tunani, ra'ayi da bayyana ra'ayi, da kuma 'yancin ƙungiyoyi

### Mukala na 10, 11 da 12: Adalci.
Mataki na 10, 11, da 12, sun mayar da hankali ne kan 'yancin shiga, 'yancin samun bayanai, da 'yancin yin shari'a, ciki har da samun adalci, cudanya cikin aminci, da kuma hakkin yin magani da ramuwa idan aka keta haƙƙin manoma. .

### Mukala na 13, 14 da 16: hakkokin aiki.
Waɗannan matakai biyu suna magana game da haƙƙin yin aiki da haƙƙin yin aiki a cikin yanayi mai aminci da lafiya, tare da yanayin aiki da ya dace. Mataki na 16, ya kasance mai dacewa, kuma yana mai da hankali kan 'yancin samun kudin shiga mai kyau, 'yancin zabar da kula da rayuwar mutum, da hanyoyin samar da abin da aka zaba.

### Mukala na 15: ikon mallakar abinci.
Mataki na 15, ya binciko ɗaya daga cikin manyan buƙatun ƙungiyoyin manoma a cikin shekaru: ' yancin abinci, amincin abinci da ikon mallakar abinci .

### Mukala na 17: hakkin sauka

### Mukala na 19: hakkin iri/shuka

### Mukala na ashirin da 20: haƙƙin rayayyun halittu

### Mukala na ashirin da daya: hakkin ruwa da tsaftataccen tsarin ruwa

### Mukala na 22 da 23: 'yancin samun lafiya da tsaro
Wannan sashin yana ginawa akan haƙƙin kowa don jin daɗin mafi girman ma'auni na lafiyar jiki da ta hankali ( *haƙƙin lafiya* ), kuma ya haɗa da takamaiman abubuwa kamar batun maganin gargajiya .

### Mataki na ashirin da hudu: hakkin gidaje

### Mukala na ashirin da biyar: haƙƙin ilimi

### Mukala na ashirin da shida: 'yancin al'adu, ilimin gargajiya da maganganun gargajiya
Wannan sashin yana mai da hankali kan al'amuran zamantakewa da al'adu, musamman ilimin gargajiya da al'adun gargajiya .

## Duba kuma.

### Hanyoyin haɗin ciki

* Haƙƙin ɗan adam.
* Majalisar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.
* Hakkin ƴan asalin ƙasar
* Haƙƙin abinci
* Yarjejeniyar Shuka ta FAO (ITPGRFA)
* Motsin manoma.
* Ta hanyar Campesina.
* Shekaru Goma na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Noman Iyali.

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje.

* **[https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1650694 Sanarwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Hakkokin Makiyaya da sauran mutanen da ke aiki a yankunan karkara]** kamar yadda babban taron ya amince da shi, 17, Disamba 2019, a cikin kuduri mai lamba 73/165.
* Sigar da aka kwatanta  ta Via Campesina ta buga
* Bayyana Haƙƙin Ƙauye - Mata da Maza. ''Mazaunan Duniya suna buƙatar Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin Makiyaya ta Duniya'' , shawara ta farko ta Via Campesina

### Bayanan kula da manazarta.