Kamfanin haƙar ma'adanar na Nigeria

**Kamfanin Coal Corporation** (NCC) wani kamfani ne na ƙasar  Najeriya da ke da alhakin haƙar ma'adinai da sayar da gawwaiyi. Yana zaune a jihar Enugu.

## Asalin
A cikin shekarar 1909, an kuma gano gawwaiyi a jihar Enugu, Najeriya. An buɗe ma’adinan rafin Ogbete bayan shekaru shida. An kuma haɗe ayyukan ma’adinan Ogbete da sauran su a cikin kasar zuwa wani sabon  kamfani a shekarar 1950: Kamfanin Coal Corporation na Najeriya. Hukumar ta NCC ta ɗauki nauyin yin amfani da albarkatun kwal,  kuma ta riƙe madafun iko a kan hakar ma'adinan kwal da coke, samarwa da tallace-tallace har zuwa shekarar 1999. and held a monopoly on coal and coke mining, production, and sales until 1999.

## Matsalolin samarwa da raguwar kwal
Masana’antar kwal wato gawwaiyi  a Najeriya ta fuskanci matsala a shekarun 1950 lokacin da aka gano mai. Har ya zuwa wannan lokaci, hukumar kula da sufurin jiragen ƙasa ta Najeriya ta kasance kan gaba wajen yin amfani da kwal a ƙasar. Koyaya, bayan gano mai, Kamfanin Railway ya fara maye gurbin jiragensa masu kona kwal da injunan dizal . Wani ƙarin mummunan tasiri ya zo ne lokacin da Kamfanin Lantarki na Najeriya ya fara canza kayan aikin samar da wutar lantarki daga kwal zuwa dizal da kuma iskar gas. 

Yakin basasar Najeriya ya kuma yi illa ga samar da kwal; An kuma yi watsi da nakiyoyi da yawa a lokacin yaƙin. Bayan yaƙin, samar da kayayyaki ba a sake dawowa gaba ɗaya ba kuma matakan samar da kwal sun kasance marasa kuskure. Ƙoƙarin samar da injina ya ƙare ba dai-dai ba, saboda aiwatarwa da kuma kula da kayan aikin hakar ma'adinai da aka shigo da su sun kasance da wahala, kuma suna cutar da samarwa.  Bayan yakin basasa, masana'antar kwal ta Najeriya ba za ta iya komawa zuwa hakinta mafi girma a shekarun 1950 ba.

## Yau
Har yanzu dai Najeriya na da dimbin arzikin kwal, wanda kuma aka kiyasta ya kai akalla guda 2&nbsp;biliyan metric ton . Gano kwal na bituminous wanda kuma ya dace don amfani da shi wajen samar da coke don masana'antar ƙarfe da ƙarfe yana buɗe yuwuwar sabbin kasuwannin cikin gida. Tare da asarar mafi yawan masu amfani da gida, NCC ta fara fitar da gawayi zuwa Italiya da Ingila, saboda ƙarancin abun ciki na sulfur yana da kyau. 

A shekarar 1999, NCC ta kuma yi asarar hannun jarin da ta ke da shi a kan masana’antar kwal ta Najeriya, bayan  da gwamnatin Obasanjo ta bai wa kamfanoni masu zaman kansu damar fara gudanar da ayyukan noman kwal tare da haɗin gwiwar hukumar NCC, da nufin sayar da kadarorin hukumar baki ɗaya ga ‘yan kasuwa masu zaman kansu. Gwamnatin Najeriya ta shirya sayar da kashi 40% ga masu zuba jari masu zaman kansu da kashi 20% ga al’ummar Najeriya, yayin da ta rike kashi 40%. 

A shekarar 2002, aikin ya tsaya a ma'adinai da NCC ke sarrafa.  A shekara ta 2003, gwamnatin Najeriya ta bayyana shirin samar da wani kwamitin ba da shawara na fasaha wanda zai ɗauki nauyin farfaɗo da masana'antar kwal a faɗin Najeriya.

A shekarar 2004, har yanzu kwamitin fasaha bai fitar da rahoton nasu ba, kuma hukumar NCC ta samu kanta da kusan tabarbarewa. Don tara kudade, ta fara sayar da wasu kadarorin ta a wani yunƙuri na biyan bashin da ke tasowa, ciki har da albashin da ake bin ma’aikatanta.  Bugu da ƙari, gwamnatin jihar Enugu ta nuna rashin amincewarta da shirin mayar da kamfanin na NCC zuwa kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, inda kuma ta buƙaci a baiwa gwamnatin tarayya damar tuntuɓar gwamnatin tarayya kan duk wani shirin sayarwa. Additionally, the Enugu State Government protested the planned NCC privatisation and demanded the ability to consult with the Federal Government on any planned sale. 

Yayin da ake yin tsokaci a kafafen yaɗa labarai kan yiwuwar sayar da Hukumar NCC, Hukumar Kamfanonin Jama’a ta Najeriya, hukumar da ke da alhakin siyar da kamfanonin gwamnati, har yanzu ta sanya hukumar ta NCC a matsayin kadara da za a sayar a gidan yanar gizon su tun daga watan Afrilun shekarar 2008,  kuma babu rahotannin labarai har zuwa yau da ke ba da kowane bayani game da siyarwar da ake tsammani.

## Ma'adinai
Filayen kwal na tarihi waɗanda ba sa samar da kwal suna cikin rubutun, ma'adanai masu aiki suna da ƙarfi.

* Filin Kwal na Amansiodo, Jihar Enugu
* Filin Kwal na Ezinmo, Jihar Enugu
* Filin Kwal Inyi, Jihar Enugu
* *Obwetti Mine*

An kuma rufe Obwetti saboda ƙarancin samarwa a ƙarshen shekarar 1950s.

* *Ogbete Minne*, Jihar Enugu

An kuma buɗe wannan ma'adinan a cikin shekarar 1915, to amma kuma an rufe shi  an yi ambaliya a lokacin da yaƙin basasa . An kuma sake buɗe shi a shekarar 1972, kuma ya zama aikin hakar kwal mafi girma a ƙasar har zuwa lokacin da aka rufe shi.

* Ogboyoga I Coal Field, Jihar Kogi
* Filin Kwal na Ogboyoga II, Jihar Kogi
* Filin Ogwashi-Azagba Lignite, Jihar Delta
* **Filin Kwal, Okaba**, Jihar Kogi
* **Okpara Mine**, Anambra State
* **Onyeama Mine**, Jihar Enugu
* Oyeama Mine, Anambra State
* **Owupka Mine**, Jihar Benue
* *Ribadu Min*
* ' **Maiganga Mine**', Gombe State

Wannan ma'adanin ta buɗe a ƙarshen shekarar 1950s kuma tana riƙe isasshen gawayi don samar da ton ɗari biyar a rana tsawon shekaru bakwai. Tushen:   

## Manazarta