Charlotte Wilson

**Charlotte Mary Wilson** (6 ga Mayu 1854, Kemerton, Worcestershire - 28 ga Afrilu 1944, Irvington-on-Hudson, New York) 'yar Ingilishi ce kuma mai rikici wacce ta kafa jaridar Freedom a 1886 tare da Peter Kropotkin, kuma ta gyara, ta buga, kuma ta ba da kuɗi sosai a cikin shekaru goma na farko. Ta kasance edita na Freedom har zuwa 1895. 

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haife ta Charlotte Mary Martin, 'yar wani likita ne mai arziki, Robert Spencer Martin. Ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Newnham, Cambridge . Ta auri Arthur Wilson, mai sayar da kayayyaki, kuma ma'auratan suka koma London. Charlotte Wilson ta shiga Fabian Society a 1884 kuma nan da nan ta shiga kwamitin zartarwa.

A lokaci guda ta kafa wata kungiya ta nazarin siyasa ta al'ada don masu tunani 'masu ci gaba', wanda aka fi sani da Hampstead Historic Club (wanda aka fi sani le Karl Marx Society ko The Proudhon Society ). Wannan ya haɗu a farkon ƙarni na 17 tsohon gidan gona, wanda ake kira Wyldes, a gefen Hampstead Heath. Babu wani rikodin kulob din da ya tsira amma akwai nassoshi game da shi a cikin bayanan da yawa daga cikin wadanda suka halarci. A cikin tarihin Wyldes Mrs Wilson ta rubuta sunayen wasu daga cikin wadanda suka ziyarci gidan, mafi yawansu an san su da kasancewa a taron kulob din. Sun hada da Sidney Webb, George Bernard Shaw, Sydney Olivier, Annie Besant, Graham Wallas, Belfort Bax, Edward Pease, E. Nesbit, Hubert Bland, Karl Pearson, Havelock Ellis, Edward Carpenter, Frank Podmore, Ford Madox Brown, da Olive Schreiner da sauransu. Sakatariyar ita ce Emma Brooke .

Kungiyar ta fara mayar da hankali ga nazarin Das Kafinal da wata mace ta Rasha ta karanta a Faransanci, sannan daga baya ta juya zuwa Proudhon. A cikin 1889 George Bernard Shaw ya bayyana tattaunawar kulob din da kuma yadda suka zama masu zafi. Kodayake Fabian Society da Hampstead Historic Club sun ƙunshi mutane da yawa, sun kasance daban. Ra'ayoyin da kulob din ya yi muhawara sun haifar da buga Fabian Essays in Socialism a cikin 1889. Wannan ya sa Shaw ya bayyana Hampstead, da tarurruka, a matsayin 'wurin haihuwar zamantakewar al'umma ta tsakiya.' 

Wani baƙo a gidan shi ne Stepniak wanda, tare da Mrs Wilson, Karl Pearson da Wilfrid Voynich, sun kafa wata ƙungiya ta al'ada wacce daga baya aka tsara ta a matsayin The Society of Friends of Russian Freedom . Misis Wilson an yi imanin cewa ita ce abin koyi ga Gemma a cikin littafin da aka fi sayarwa The Gadfly na Ethel Voynich; yayin da E. Nesbit ya ba da bayanin gidan abinci na Mrs Wilson inda kulob din ya hadu.

Mai fafutuka mai aiki ta yi magana a taron gurguzu, gami da wanda ke Trafalgar Square a ranar 13 ga Nuwamba 1887, wanda aka sani da Bloody Sunday, wanda 'yan sanda suka rushe da tashin hankali.

A shekara ta 1886, 'yan majalisa a cikin Fabian Society sun ba da shawarar cewa an shirya shi a matsayin jam'iyyar siyasa; William Morris da Wilson sun yi adawa da motsi, amma an ci su. Daga baya ta yi murabus daga al'umma a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1887, ta ci gaba da hulɗarta da 'yan tawaye daga al'ummar.

Ta rubuta wa Karl Pearson sosai game da anarchism, Fabians, Karl Marx Society da kuma game da "Russian Society" daga 1884 zuwa 1896.

A shekara ta 1886, Wilson da Kropotkin sun kafa Freedom, wata jarida mai zaman kanta wacce ta raba jaridar William Morris tare da ita ta buga ; Wilson ya kasance editan har zuwa shekara ta 1895.  An bayyana bayanin manufar jaridar a kowane fitowar, a shafi na 2, kuma ya taƙaita ra'ayin marubutan game da anarchism:

Littafinta Work (1888) an yi kuskuren cewa Kropotkin ne na tsawon shekaru da yawa.

A cikin 2000 Freedom Press ta fitar da littafi wanda ya kunshi tarin litattafanta, wanda Nicolas Walter ya shirya.

Ko da yake ba ta taɓa musanta akidar Anarchist ba sai ta nisanta kanta daga motsi a farkon shekarun karni na ashirin. Ta koma kungiyar Fabian Society a 1907, kuma ta kafa kungiyar mata a 1908 ta shiga yakin neman zaben mata. Ta kasance fitacciyar memba na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Fabian a farkon shekarunta yayin da ta yi aiki a matsayin Babban Sakatariyarta (1908-1913) da Sakatari na Ƙungiyar Nazarin (1908-1913). Ta kuma koma cikin Kwamitin Gudanarwa na Fabian tsakanin 1911 da 1914.

## Ayyuka

* Iyali a matsayin Wani Nau'in Al'umma (1886) 

## Bayani

## Manazarta

* Charlotte Wilson, Nicholas Walter (Ed.) (2000). *Rubuce-rubucen Anarchist*. Freedom Press.   ISBN&nbsp;
* John Quail (1978). *The Slow Burning Fuse: Tarihin da ya ɓace na 'yan tawaye na Burtaniya* . Flamingo.   ISBN&nbsp;
* *Tarihin Ikklisiya*, Kemerton, Gloucestershire.
* Edward R.Pease (1916). "Tarihin Al'ummar Fabian". A.C.Fifield.

## Haɗin waje
 

* Tarihin 'Yancin Labarai
* Charlotte Wilson: Ayyukan da aka gyara, An shirya ta hanyar aiki An adana  
* Charlotte Wilson: Ayyukan da aka gyara, An shirya ta kwanan wata