open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Nila Banton Smith

**Nila Banton Smith** (1889 &#x2013; 1976) Malama ce, marubuciya, shugaba kuma ƙwararriya a fannin koyarwar karatu. Ta buga littattafai da takardu da yawa kan wannan batu tun daga shekarar 1922.   Ita ce farfesa a Jami'ar New York.  Ta kasance mai goyon bayan "ƙwarewar harshe" da kuma "dukkanin kalma" hanyoyin karatu.  

## Aiki
Smith ta koyar da makarantun gwamnati a Detroit.  Don karatun digirinta na digiri a Jami'ar Columbia ta rubuta *An Historical Analysis of American Reading Instruction*; a cikin shekarar 1934 Silver Burdett ne ya buga wannan a matsayin *An Historical Analysis of American Reading Instruction*, littafi ne game da tarihin ilimin karatu a Amurka. 

Smith shi ne shugaban Ƙungiyar Karatu ta Duniya.  Ta koyar da shekaru da yawa a Makarantar Koyarwar Kolumbia ta Lincoln Teachers College.  Daga baya ta zama darektan Cibiyar Karatu a Jami'ar New York.  Smith tayi nazari kuma ta rubuta game da hanyoyi daban-daban don karantarwa da koyarwa. 

Smith ta wallafa jagorar karatu a cikin shekarar 1957 mai suna *Speed Reading Made Easy*". An sake fitar da shi sau da yawa har zuwa kusan shekarar 1987. Littafin ya ƙunshi shawarwari game da kalmomi masu mahimmanci, nazarin sakin layi, nau'in labarin da skimming. Wannan aikin farko ya kasance jagora mai amfani ga yadda ake karantawa da kyau. Ta wallafa *Read Fast* a kan wannan batu. 

## Martaba
An sake fitar da bugu na musamman na *An Historical Analysis of American Reading Instruction* a cikin shekarar 2002 wanda ya ba da haske game da binciken tarihi da Smith ta yi. Ya ƙunshi sabon babi na ƙarshe kan Umarnin Karatun Amurka tun a shekarar 1967 wanda P. David Pearson ya rubuta.

Ƙungiyar Karatu ta Duniya tana ba da tallafi biyu a cikin sunan Smith. Ɗaya shine lambar yabo don girmama malaman sakandare ko na sakandare waɗanda suka fassara ka'idar da bincike a aikace. Kyauta ta biyu ita ce don tallafawa memba na Ƙungiyar Karatu ta Duniya da ke aiki akan aikin yaɗawa ga al'ummar ilimi.

Tarin Tarihi na Nila Banton Smith a cikin Karatu a Jami'ar Hofstra ya ƙunshi dubban misalan kayan koyarwa a lokuta daban-daban na tarihi.

## Wallafe-wallafen da aka zaɓa
* 

*

*

* N. Smith, *Speed Reading Made Easy*, Warner Books Printing, 1987.

*

*

## Manazarta
The Library Project

**The Library Project** ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta wacce ke ba da gudummawar littattafai da ɗakunan karatu ga makarantun da ke ƙarƙashin tallafin kuɗi da gidajen marayu a China da Vietnam. An kafa shirin Laburaren ne bisa ka'idar cewa ilimi shine canji kuma mabuɗin wargaza yanayin talauci a ƙasashe masu tasowa. Shirin Laburaren yana sa jama'ar gari su shiga hannu ta hanyar tura littattafai da wayar da kan jama'a, da haɗin gwiwa tare da ƙungiyoyin agaji da kamfanoni. Tun daga shekarar 2006, aikin Laburare ya kafa ɗakunan karatu sama da 600 tare da ba da gudummawar littattafai sama da 350,000 na gida da na Ingilishi ga makarantun firamare na karkara da gidajen marayu a duk faɗin ƙasar Sin da Vietnam tare da wasu 350 da aka shirya kammalawa a shekarar 2012.

## Shirye-shirye
Shirin Laburaren yana da shirye-shirye daban-daban guda uku. Ana siyan duk littattafai a cikin ƙasa ta hanyar mutum mai karimci ko gudummawar kamfani ko kuma ana samun su ta hanyar tukwici na tushen littafin.

Shirin Makarantar Elementary  Kowace makarantar firamare tana karɓar littattafan yara masu harsuna biyu, teburi da kujeru, fenti da fosta.

Shirin Gidan Marayu - Kowane ƙaramin gidan marayu yana karɓar littattafan yara masu harsuna biyu, teburi da kujeru, fenti da fosta da wasanni da tabarmi.

Shirin Girgizar Kasa na 2008 - Aikin Laburaren ya samar da littattafai da ɗakunan karatu ga makarantun firamare da gidajen marayu a Lardunan Sichaan da Shanxi yayin da aka sake gina su a sakamakon mummunar girgizar ƙasa da aka yi a shekarar 2008.

## Sakamako

* Samar da damar samun littattafai ga yara sama da 200,000
* Ba da gudummawar littattafai sama da 350,000 na Ingilishi da na gida na yara, kundin sani da littattafan tunani.
* Ƙirƙirar ɗakunan karatu
* Kafa ɗakunan karatu sama da 600 a makarantun firamare na karkara da gidajen marayu a larduna 21 a duk faɗin ƙasar Sin da Vietnam.

## Wurare
Shirin Laburaren yana aiki a wasu yankuna masu nisa na ƙasar Sin. TLP ta kafa ɗakunan karatu a larduna 21 a duk faɗin ƙasar Sin tare da mai da hankali na musamman kan lardunan Sichuan, Anhui da Shaaxi  A shekarar 2013, TLP ta faɗaɗa ayyukanta a cikin Vietnam.

Wasu yankuna da larduna shirin Laburaren yana aiki:

* Lardin Anhui: Fuyang, Hefei
* Beijing
* Chongqing
* Lardin Guangdong: Heyuan, Qingyuan
* Lardin Guizhou: Guiyang
* Lardin Hubei: Wuhan, Xiangfan
* Lardin Mongoliya ta ciki: Erdos, Huhhot
* Lardin Jiangsu: Wuxi
* Lardin Jilin: Changchun
* Lardin Liaoning: Dalian, Dandong, Shenyang
* Lardin Ningxia: Yinchuan
* Lardin Shaanxi: Xi'an, Baoji, Ankang, Yanan, Weinan, Hanzhong, Xianyang
* Lardin Shandong: Jinan, Linyi, Dongying
* Shanghai
* Lardin Shanxi: Taiyuan
* Lardin Sichuan: Chengdu, Guanghan, Guangyuan
* Lardin Xinjiang: Urmuqi
* Lardin Yunnan: Kunming

## Manazarta
Ƙungiyar Jamaican ta Ci gaban Ilimi

*Ƙungiyar Jama'a don Ci gaban Karatu da ilimi*, wacce aka kafa a cikin shekarar 1974, ƙungiya ce ta gwamnati a Jamaica, yanki ne na Hukumar Kula da Karatu ta Amirka.  Tana da takamaiman manufofi game da haɓaka ƙimar karatu a Jamaica. 

## Manazarta
Indigenous Literacy Foundation

**Indigenous Literacy Foundation** (**ILF**) kungiya ce ta Australiya da ba ta riba ba wacce aka kafa ta a cikin shekarar 2011 wacce ke aiki don magance matsalolin ilimi da yara da matasa na Australiya ke fuskanta ta hanyar samar da damar yin amfani da littattafai da shirye-shiryen karatu da rubutu.

An kafa ILF a cikin shekarar 2011, tana karɓan aiki daga Cibiyar Ilimi ta Indigenous (ILP) wacce aka danganta da Gidauniyar Fred Hollows. A cikin shekarar 2010 ILP ta tara $ 607,000.  Juliet Rogers, tsohon Shugaba na Murdoch Books, ita ce kujera ta farko. 

Abokan ILF, kamar na 2021,  sune Quentin Bryce AD CVO (wanda aka naɗa a watan Fabrairu 2015)  da Yuni Oscar AO (wanda aka naɗa a watan Satumba 2019). 

Jakadun rayuwa na ILF sun haɗa da Justine Clarke, Andy Griffiths, Kate Grenville, Anita Heiss, Alison Lester, David Malouf da Josh Pyke. 

A cikin watan Satumba 2021 Karen Williams, wanda ya kasance memba na ILP kuma babban darektan ILF, ya sauka  kuma Ben Bowen ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa, tare da Mike Milnes ya naɗa Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa. 

ILF ta lashe lambar yabo ta Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award a cikin shekarar 2024.  Tana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda Ostiraliya da aka zaɓa don wannan lambar yabo a cikin shekarun 2021 da 2022.  

## Ranar Karatun Yan Asali
Kowace shekara ILF tana shiryawa da haɓaka Ranar Karatun ƴan asalin ƙasar, wanda ake gudanarwa ranar Laraba a farkon makon watan Satumba. 

## Manazarta
Haiti Reads

**Haiti Reads** wata ƙaramar ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta  a Amurka wacce ke ba da tallafin ilimi ga al'ummomin Haiti. An kafa ta a cikin shekarar 2007 ta Jeanette Alfred, tana cikin Chicago, Illinois,  kuma a halin yanzu tana da ƙungiyoyin sa kai a San Diego, California; Chicago, Illinois; da Port-au-Prince, Haiti. 

Manufarta ita ce samar da littattafai ga yara da manya a Haiti, ba tare da la’akari da iliminsu ko matsayinsu na kuɗi ba, da kuma kafa cibiyoyi a duk faɗin ƙasar waɗanda ke ba da albarkatun ilimi ga malamai da ba da isassun horo na koyarwa. Baya ga shirya malamai, Haiti Reads na da niyyar ba da horo ga mutanen da ba su da aiki a cikin al'umma.

Bayar da littattafai a cikin harsuna daban-daban ciki har da Haitian Creole da Faransanci, Haiti Reads sau ɗaya mallakar da sarrafa Bibliyotèk 54, ɗakin karatu na al'umma (a cikin Carrefour Quest, Port-au-Prince, Haiti). Da farko dai ɗakin karatun yana cikin Delmas 24 har zuwa shekara ta 2009, amma ya koma bayan girgizar ƙasa na watan Janairu 2010 lokacin da ginin ya lalace.  Daga nan ɗakin karatu ya ƙaura zuwa wasu wurare kaɗan, kuma, kwanan nan, ya raba ginin tare da makarantar horar da kwamfuta tare da izinin mai shi. Abin takaici, mai shi ya yi asarar amfani da gininsa saboda takaddamar kadarori a cikin iyalinsa, kuma Haiti Reads ba ta sake sarrafa Bibliyotèk 54.

Madadin haka, ana iya samun duka tarin littattafan Karatun Haiti a yanzu a makarantu da yawa a cikin yankin Port-au-Prince, gami da: Ecole de la Saint Famille - Ecole Elementaire, rue Chavannes, Petionville; Ecole de la Saint Famille - Ecole Secondaire, rue Chavannes, Pationville; Agape PAP Cibiyar Wasikar Mishan ta Laburaren, Delmas 79, Delmas; College de la Restauration Ilimi (CRED), Rte de Desca, Te Sale, Cabaret; Ecole Fils Aime - Ecole Elementaire, Guitton de Cabaret; Ecole Fils Aime - Kwalejin Sakandare, Guitton de Cabaret; Alexander da Myrtle Chabot Memorial Library, Holiness Mission, Pationville; Cibiyar Mixte la Bergenrie du Savoir (IMBS), Rue Stenio Vincent, Petionville; da Ecole Professionel Odrere Sanon, rue Stenio Vincent, Petionville.

Membobin ma'aikatan sa kai na yanzu sun haɗa da: Jeanette Alfred, Founder da Shugaba; Bobbi Weaver, Mataimakin Shugaba kuma Mashawarcin Laburare; Gerald Alfred, Malamin Kiɗa da Mai Gudanarwa don Kicks don Haiti; Jean Baptiste Franzy, Sa-kai da Mai shi/Darekta Peinture Sabis na Haiti; Jean Erik, Sa kai; Zaza Francois, Kash-Kash Gallery Supervisor/Maigida; da Peter Dalce, Mai shi / Darakta na Zola Tech.

*My Dog Lucy* shine littafi na farko da Jeanette Alfred ya buga, tare da kuɗaɗen shiga Haiti Reads.

## Shirye-shirye
Tare da ba da littattafai ga al'ummar da ɗakin ɗakin karatu yake, Haiti Reads tana ba da koyarwar CPR  kuma tana ba da albarkatu don koyon Haitian Creole. 

## Manazarta
Muheeba Farida Dankaka

**Muheeba Farida Dankaka** OON hamshakin dan kasuwa ne kuma shugaban hukumar kula da dabi’u ta tarayya a Najeriya.  Shugaban kasa Muhammadu Buhari ne ya nada ta a shekarar 2020 kuma majalisar dattawa ta tabbatar da ita a shekarar.  A baya ta taba rike mukamin shugabar kungiyar ‘yan kasuwa da ma’adinai da noma ta jihar Kaduna (KADCCIMMA).

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
Farida 'yar asalin Offa ce, jihar kwara Najeriya ta halarci makarantar St. Claires Grammar School, Offa, jihar kwara don jarrabawar takardar shaidar makarantar Afirka ta Yamma (WASCE) da Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello, Zaria don difloma a Inshora da digiri na biyu a Gudanar da Kasuwanci a 1981 da 1989 bi da bi.

## Ayyukan kasuwanci
Ita ce Darakta na Ijehu Oil and Gas Limited da ke cikin Jihar Kaduna .  Ita ce Shugaba na Farida Business Venture Limited . 

## Rashin jituwa

* **Yin fashi da aiki** a shekarar 2023 an yi zargin sayar da guraben ayyukan MDA da kwamishinonin suka yi a lokacin kwamitin wucin gadi na majalisar wakilai da ke binciken MDAs da jami’an parastatal da manyan makarantu karkashin jagorancin Hon.  Yusuf Gagdi, kwamishinonin sun yi ikirarin Hukumar Kula da Laifukan Tattalin Arziki da Kudi (EFCC) don dakatar da takardar da aka rubuta a kanta game da fashi da aikin.
* **Takardar shaidar karya** Mayu 23, 2023 wata kungiya ta jama'a (CSO), Youth and Leadership Initiatives ta yi zargin cewa shugaban Hukumar Halin Tarayya ya gabatar da bayanan karya ga shugaban Muhammadu Buhari da Majalisar Dokoki don tabbatar da shugabancin hukumar.
* A ranar 26 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2021 Dankaka ta karyata zargin da ake yi mata na karya takardar shaidar da wata kungiya a karkashin jagorancin Youth and Leadership Initiative Group (LYGEL), tana mai da'awar cewa zargin da aka ambata karya ne kuma ba shi da kyau kuma ya yi imanin cewa zargin karya ne, abin ƙyama ne kuma yana da matukar damuwa ta hanyar dalilai na ɓoye.

## Kyaututtuka da karbuwa

* Darajar Kasa ta Order of the Niger (OON) IN 2012 wanda shugaban Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Najeriya ya bayar.
* Kyautar girmamawa ta Dokta na Falsafa ta Jami'ar Pacific Western, Amurka.

## 1Bayanan da aka ambata
Federation of Children's Book Groups

**Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Littattafai na Yara** ( **FCBG** ) wata ƙungiya ce ta ƙasa a Birtaniya wacce ke inganta littattafan yara da kuma karantarwa don jin daɗi ga kowane shekarun yara, tun daga jarirai zuwa matasa. Ƙungiyoyin masu aikin sa kai ne ke tafiyar da su masu sha'awar tallafawa yara da littattafansu, duka a matakin ƙasa, ta hanyar zartarwa, da kuma matakin gida, ta hanyar ƙungiyoyi na gida, tare da goyon bayan ɗaiɗaikun mutane da ƙwararrun membobin. Tarayyar tana hulɗa da mawallafa, ɗakunan karatu, makarantu da sauran ƙungiyoyi masu sha'awar ilimi, karatu da matasa.

Tarayyar ta mallaki kuma tana daidaita lambar yabo ta yara, lambar yabo ta Burtaniya ɗaya tilo ta ƙasa da aka zaɓa ta yara gaba ɗaya, wanda aka fi sani da lambar yabo ta Red House Children's Award. 

Tarayyar na inganta National Share-a-Story Month (kowane watan Mayu) da Ranar National Non-Fiction Day (kowace Nuwamba). Tana gudanar da taron shekara-shekara a kowace bazara (tare da taimakon ƙungiyoyin gida) da kuma taron yanki na rana ɗaya daban-daban. Tarayyar ta kan buga litattafai na yara masu shekaru daban-daban, da kuma fitar da wasiƙun labarai sau uku a shekara, da bayar da shawarwari na gaba ɗaya da bayanai kan littattafan yara da karatu don jin daɗi.

A cikin shekarar 2011, Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Littattafai na Yara ta lashe lambar yabo ta Eleanor Farjeon don hidimar ban mamaki ga duniyar littattafan yara na Birtaniya. 

## Tarihi
Anne Wood, mai samar da talabijin na yara na Birtaniya, da kuma mahaliccin Teletubbies, ya kafa Rukunin Littafin farko don inganta sha'awar da game da littafin yara a cikin shekarar 1965. Ba da daɗewa ba an ƙirƙiri ƙarin ƙungiyoyi kuma an ƙirƙiri Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Littattafai na Yara a cikin shekarar 1968.  Yawancin ƙungiyoyi na asali na gida suna ci gaba da kasancewa, kodayake sababbin ƙungiyoyi suna tasowa kowace shekara.

## Ruƙunin Littattafai na Gida
A halin yanzu akwai ruƙunin Littattafai sama da 25 daban-daban a cikin Ingila, Scotland da Wales. Kowace ƙungiya ta bambanta amma yawanci ƙungiyar gida tana riƙe

* Taro na manya don tattauna littattafan yara.
* Abubuwan da suka faru tare da masu magana masu ziyara, gami da marubuta da masu zane-zane.
* Ayyuka don yara kamar ba da labari da nunin littattafai.

## Manazarta
Centre for Family Literacy

**Cibiyar Ilimin Iyali** ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta a Edmonton, Alberta, Kanada.     

## Tarihi
Cibiyar Ilimin Iyali ta fara ne a cikin shekarar 1980 a ƙarƙashin sunan Prospects Adult Literary Association.  A cikin shekarar 1987, ƙungiyar ta taimaka wajen gano Masu Gudanar da Karatu na Alberta, ƙungiyar haɓaka ƙwararru a lardin. A farkon shekarun 1990s, ƙungiyar ta fara gwajin shirye-shiryen karatun iyali baya ga shirye-shiryen karatun manya.  A cikin shekarar 2005, Jaridar Edmonton ta ruwaito cewa Cibiyar Ilimin Iyali ta kasance mai karɓar lambar yabo ta Kanada Post Literary Award "saboda jagorancin al'umma."  A cikin shekarar 2016, Cibiyar Ilimin Iyali ta haɓaka ƙa'idar wayar hannu don fahimtar karatun yara. 

A cikin tarihinta, Cibiyar Ilimin Iyali ta amfana daga adadin masu tara kuɗi.  

## Manufa da hangen nesa
Kamar yadda yake a gidan yanar gizon ƙungiyar, Cibiyar Ilimin Iyali ta bayyana cewa manufarta ita ce "gina, haɓakawa, da haɓaka ilimin karatu tare da iyalai da al'ummomi." Cibiyar Ilimin Iyali ta bayyana hangen nesanta a matsayin "lafiya, al'umma mai ilimi inda kowa zai iya ba da gudummawa da nasara." 

## Manazarta
Gombe State Polytechnic

**Gombe State Polytechnic**, wata makarantar kimiyya ce da ke Bajoga Funakaye LGA na Jihar Gombe, Najeriya . 

 

## Tarihi
An kafa makarantar ne daga shawarar da gwamnatin jihar ta yanke, wanda ya yi daidai da shawarar kwamitin ilimi, a ranar 27 ga Satumba, 2012.   An fara makarantar polytechnic da dalibai 256, kuma tana ba da Diploma na Pre-National Diploma da Kuma National Diploma a cikin kwasa-kwasan a matakin digiri . 

An kafa makarantar ne don rufe gibin ilimi a jihar, kuma ana sa ran haɗa ilimi na ilimi, fasaha da sana'a a matsayin ma'auni don ci gaban jihar.

## Makarantu
Polytechnic yana da makarantu masu zuwa: 

* Makarantar Injiniya da Fasahar Injiniya
* Makarantar Kimiyya da Fasaha
* Makarantar Nazarin Gudanarwa
* Makarantar Nazarin Gabaɗaya

## Darussan

* Lissafin kuɗi
* Gudanar da Kasuwanci da Gudanarwa
* Gudanar da Fasahar Ofishin
* Gudanar da Jama'a

## Rector
[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] Aliyu Muhammad Gadam

## Manazarta
Cibiyar Faransa ta Najeriya

**Cibiyar Faransanci a Najeriya** (a Faransanci: Institut français du Nigéria) (IFN) wani bangare ne na kungiyar duniya ta Instituts français (Faransa Institutes). Cibiyar Abuja ita ce kawai a cikin ƙasar Najeriya.

## Matsayin ilmantarwa
Babban burin cibiyar shine samar da darussan Faransanci, darussa da jarrabawa ga yara, ɗalibai da ƙwararru. 

Wannan cibiyar tana ƙidaya sama da dalibai 2000 a kowace shekara, daga bangarori daban-daban. IFN kuma an amince da ita don isar da takaddun shaida na harshe na duniya kamar: DELF, DALF, TCF, DELF Prim, DELF Junior da TCF Quebec. 

## Ayyukan al'adu
Cibiyar al'adu ta cibiya tana shiga cikin fage na fasaha na gida da na ƙasa, ta hanyar shirya ɗaruruwan al'adu a kowace shekara, bisa gida, yanki ko ƙasa. Har ila yau, tana shiga cikin abubuwan da suka faru na waje, a cikin haɓaka dangantakar abokantaka tsakanin Faransa da sauran ƙasashen Faransanci da Najeriya. Baya ga waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru, cibiyar tana ba da azuzuwan yau da kullun a cikin: piano, guitar, rera waƙa, rawa da wasan kwaikwayo da darussan fasaha na gani.

## Bayani na gaba ɗaya
IFN tana da mafaka ga Cibiyar watsa labarai da ɗakin karatu tare da takardun francophone sama da 1000 da masu sauraro suka samu, da kuma 'culturethèque' na kan layi (littafan al'adu na kan layi) wanda ke ba da ƙarin dubban takardu.

## Manazarta
Victor AD

***'Victor AD***' (an haife shi a ranar 2 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1993), wanda aka fi sani da Victor AD, mawaƙi ne kuma marubucin waƙa Na Najeriya.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Victor Eugenie Adere a Kirikiri, Apapa, Jihar Legas, inda ya girma tare da iyalinsa. Shi ne na biyu a cikin yara huɗu. Ya halarci Makarantar Tarihi ta Duniya a Legas da Makarantar Sakandare ta Ekpan a Uvwie, yankin Warri. Ya kammala karatu a makarantar Auchi Polytechnic a jihar Edo, inda ya yi karatun injiniyan lantarki a shekarar 2017.

## Ayyuka
Victor ya fara aikin kiɗa a farkon shekara ta 2014. Ya yi aiki tare da masu samarwa kamar Kulboybeat, Kizzybeatz, ID Clef, da Mr Nolimitz . Sakamakon kiɗa na farko na Victor AD shine "Jowo"; waƙar ta zama taken waƙa ga Rediyo Continental . 

A cikin 2017, Victor AD ya fitar da wakar "No Idea". Bidiyo na kiɗa don waƙar, wanda aka harbe shi kuma ya ba da umarni ta Cinema House Images a ƙarshen 2018, tashoshin talabijin a Najeriya sun amince da shi.

A ranar 17 ga Yuni 2018, Victor AD ya fitar da wakar "Wetin We Gain",  kuma kamfanin gudanarwa na Longitude Promotions ne ya gano ta a shekarar 2018.  Bidiyo na kiɗa na "Wetin We Gain" ya sami ra'ayoyi sama da miliyan 7 a YouTube.

## Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa

* Soundcity MVP Awards Festival: Zaɓin Mai sauraro, 2018
* SSMA: Mafi kyawun Pop Single da Mafi Kyawun Sabon Dokar, 2018 
* WEA: Waƙar Street na Shekara da Mai Kyautar Na gaba, 2018
* Kyautar Mujallar Jama'a ta Birni: Dokar Alkawari ta Shekara, 2018; Pop Artiste na Shekara, 2019 
* Ghana ta sadu da Naija: Kyautar Kyauta, 2018
* Ghana 3Music Awards: Dokar Afirka mafi kyau, 2019
* The Headies: Mafi kyawun Pop Single da Song of the Year gabatarwa don "Wetin We Gain", 2019; Mai gabatarwa na gaba, 2019 

## Bayanan da aka yi

### Waƙoƙi

## Manazarta
Nana Akwasi Agyeman

**Barima Nana Akwasi Agyeman** ma'aikacin gwamnati ne dan kasar Ghana kuma memba a gidan Asante Royal wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Magajin Garin Kumasi wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban  Darakta (MCE) ɗa Majalisar Kumasi na cikin garin  .   An fi saninsa da ***Okumkom***, a zahiri yana nufin  .       Shi ne magajin garin Kumasi mafi dadewa yayi aiki sama da shekaru 20 a matsayin magajin gari.   Ya rasu yana da shekaru 86.  Ya kasance fitaccen memba na National Democratic Congress . 

## Farkon rayuwar iyali
An haifi Agyeman a cikin iyalin Oyoko Royal kuma ya kasance memba na iyalin Asante Royal har zuwa mutuwarsa. [1] An bayar da rahoton cewa ya kasance a cikin matsayi na pole tsakanin waɗanda aka ƙaddamar da su zama Asantehene a duka 1970 da 1999, amma a ƙarshe ba a zaba shi ba.[2][3]

## Ayyuka da siyasa
Agyeman ya yi aiki a matsayin Magajin garin Kumasi kuma shugaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Kumasi a lokacin Babban Kwamitin Soja na marigayi Shugaban Jiha Ignatius Kutu Acheampong a shekarar 1977.  Ya ci gaba a wannan matsayi ta hanyar shugabancin Hilla Limann a 1979 zuwa 1981 kuma a zamanin Jerry John Rawlings har sai Maxwell Kofi Jumah ya maye gurbinsa a watan Janairun 2001.

Ya kasance memba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Democrat kuma an dauke shi a matsayin babban aboki na Jerry John Rawlings .  Yayinda yake aiki a matsayin Magajin garin Kumasi a cikin shekarun 1990, Jerry John Rawlings ne ya nada shi ya zama Mataimakin Ministan Kimiyya da Muhalli. Agyeman ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin wakili na musamman a kwanakin da ya gabata a bangaren jama'a ga Jerry John Rawlings yayin da yake cikin gwamnati.

## Mutuwa da binnewa
Agyeman ya mutu a ranar 14 ga watan Janairun 2020 a asibitin Koyarwa na Komfo Anokye a Kumasi bayan rashin lafiya. An yi jana'izarsa da jana'izarta daga 24 ga Fabrairu zuwa 27 ga Fabrairun 2020 kuma Asantehene, Otumfuo Osei Tutu ne ya jagoranci shi a fadar Manhyia a matsayin Agyeman sarauta. 'Yan siyasa, ma'aikatan gwamnati da manyan mutane a Ghana sun halarci jana'izar ciki har da tsoffin shugabanni; Jerry John Rawlings da matarsa Nana Konadu Agyeman-Rawlings, John Kufuor da John Dramani Mahama. Shugaba Nana Akufo-Addo da mataimakin shugabansa Bawumia suma sun kasance a wurin.

## Dubi kuma

## Manazarta
Jerin ƙasashe ta hanyar ƙwarewa

**Wannan jerin ƙasashe ne ta hanyar yawan** karatu da rubutu.

Adadin mutanen da suka kai shekaru 15 da sama da haka a duniya shine 86.3%. Adadin ilimin duniya ga dukkan maza shine 90.0%, kuma adadin ga dukkan mata shine 82.7%. Adadin ya bambanta a duk faɗin duniya, tare da Kasashe masu tasowa suna da kashi 99.2% (2013), Kudancin da Yammacin Asiya suna da kashi 70.2% (2015), da kuma yankin Sahara na Afirka a 64.0% (2015).  Fiye da kashi 75% na manya marasa karatu miliyan 781 a duniya suna samuwa a Kudancin Asiya, Yammacin Asiya, da Afirka ta kudu da Sahara, kuma mata suna wakiltar kusan kashi biyu bisa uku na dukkan manya marasa karatu a duniya.

## Jerin kasashe membobin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta hanyar shekaru da bambancin jinsi

Bayanan da UNESCO ta buga ta amfani da ma'anoni masu zuwa: 

*"*"* *yana nuna "Literance a cikin ƙasa ko yanki" ko "Ilimi a cikin ƙasa to yanki" hanyoyin haɗi.*

*"*"* *yana nuna "Literance a cikin ƙasa ko yanki" ko "Ilimi a cikin ƙasa to yanki" hanyoyin haɗi.*

## Jerin sauran jihohi da yankuna

## Dubi kuma

* Ranar Koyarwa ta Duniya
* Ilimi na tilas
* Jerin jihohin Indiya da yankunan hadin gwiwa ta hanyar yawan karatu da rubutu
* Jerin jihohin Brazil ta hanyar yawan karatu da rubutu
* Shirin Nazarin Dalibai na Duniya, wanda ke mai da hankali kan kasashe masu tasowa
* Shirin Binciken Kasa da Kasa na Kwarewar Matasa
* Ci gaba a Nazarin Karatu na Duniya

## Manazarta
Jerin jihohin Mexico ta hanyar yawan karatu da rubutu

Wadannan sune jerin adadin masu karatu da rubutu ta jihohin Mexico a shekarar 2020.

## Jihohin Mexico

## Manazarta
Abokan hulɗa

AmigaOS iyali ne na tsarin Aboki na asali na Amiga da AmigaOne. Commodore International ne ya fara kirkireshi kuma ya gabatar da shi tare da ƙaddamar da Amiga na farko, Amiga 1000, a cikin 1985. Siffofin farko na AmigaOS sun buƙaci jerin Motorola 68000 na microprocessors na 16-bit da 32-bit. Daga baya, bayan mutuwar Commodore, Haage & Partner (AmigaOS 3.5 da 3.9) sannan kuma Hyperion Entertainment (AmigaO 4.0-4.1) ne suka haɓaka su. Ana buƙatar microprocessor na PowerPC don fitowar AmigaOS 4-na baya-bayan nan.

AmigaOS tsarin aiki ne mai amfani guda ɗaya wanda ya dogara da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin aiki da yawa, wanda ake kira Exec .  Ya haɗa da wani abstraction na kayan aikin Amiga, tsarin aiki na faifai da ake kira *AmigaDOS*, tsarin API na taga da ake kira Intuition, da kuma Yanayin tebur  da kuma Manajan fayil da ake kira Workbench.

MorphOS da AROS Research Operating System sune aiwatarwa na zamani na asalin AmigaOS waɗanda suka dace da shi.

## Yanayin Shari'a
Abubuwan ilimi na Amiga sun ragargaje tsakanin Amiga Inc., Cloanto (mai kirkirar Amiga Forever), da Hyperion Entertainment (mai haɓaka Amiga OS 4.x). Hakkin mallaka don ayyukan da aka kirkira har zuwa 1993 mallakar Cloanto ne.

A shekara ta 2001, Amiga Inc. ta yi kwangila da ci gaban AmigaOS 4 ga Hyperion Entertainment, kuma a cikin sasantawa a shekara ta 2009 sun ba Hyperion lasisi na musamman, na dindindin, na duniya ga AmigaOS 3.1 don haɓaka da tallata AmigaOS 3 da sassan da suka biyo baya.

## Bambance-bambance na AmigaOS
Tun lokacin da aka saki AmigaOS 4 a hukumance a shekara ta 2004, akwai nau'ikan Amiga OS guda biyu a lokaci guda:

### Amiga sanye take da masu sarrafa PowerPC daban-daban
Bambancin AmigaOS 4 daga 2006 da duk nau'ikan bin diddigin v4.x da kamfanin software na Belgium Hyperion Entertainment ya haɓaka a matsayin aikin kwangila na Amiga Incorporated a wannan lokacin, na musamman ne don Amiga-kwamfutar gargajiya da aka sanye take da microprocessor-accelerators, waɗanda dole ne su dogara ne akan tsarin PowerPC kawai.

Abin da ake kira Turbo-cards a matsayin CPU-accelerators (tare da kawai mafi girman agogo processors na wannan asalin CPU-type, Amiga da aka samo asali) ko kuma mafi ci gaba iri iri-iri na Motorola's m68k-line, ba su isa su gudanar da AmigaOS 4, kamar yadda a zahiri yana buƙatar PowerPC-tushen don aiki. AmigaOS 4 don haka PPC-kawai ne.&nbsp;&nbsp;

### Amiga sanye take da kayan aiki daban-daban na m68k
Tsohon OS-line na Amiga OS na gargajiya har zuwa fitowar hukuma ta ƙarshe ta Amiga OS v3.1 ta Commodore International kanta (gami da sake sakewa na Amiga Os v3.1 a cikin 1996 ta hanyar mai riƙe da haƙƙin mallaka na Commodore, haƙƙoƙi masu alaƙa da alamun kasuwanci masu alaƙa; Jamusanci Escom AG da 'yarta kamfanin Amiga Technologies GmbH), ayyukan da aka ba da lasisi daga kamfanin software na Jamusanci Haage & Partner kamar AmigaOS a cikin 1999 da 3.9 a cikin 2000 da kuma A3600, A368k, A1 (a) gabaɗaya don ainihin A3 000), da aka tsarawa, A3 000)     

## Manazarta
Babban Jubilee Karanta

**Babban Jubilee Read** kamfen ne na 2022 don inganta karatu don jin daɗi da kuma yin bikin Platinum Jubilee na Elizabeth II . Jerin littattafai 70 da marubuta na Commonwealth suka yi, 10 daga kowane shekaru goma na mulkin Elizabeth II, wani kwamitin masana ne suka zaba kuma BBC da Hukumar Karatu ta sanar da su a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2022.

## Tsarin Zaɓin
An tattara jerin sunayen farko daga shawarwarin masu karatu, kuma kwamitin masu karatu, masu sayar da littattafai da "masu ƙwarewar adabi" sun zaɓi sunayen sarauta 70, da nufin "don shiga duk masu karatu cikin ganowa da bikin manyan littattafai". Aikin ya sami tallafi daga Majalisar Fasaha kuma yana da goyon baya daga Litattafan da suka Haɗe  da Ƙungiyar Masu Siyar da Littattafai. 

Masu shirya suna fatan cewa aikin zai "yi murna da farin ciki na karatu da ikon da yake da shi don haɗa mutane a duk faɗin ƙasar da tsakanin ƙasashe". Goma sha tara daga cikin littattafan sune masu lashe Kyautar Booker. Yawancin littattafan litattafai ne da aka rubuta a Turanci, amma akwai kuma tarin shayari kamar Mutuwar Naturalist da tarin gajerun labarai ciki har da The Boat, yayin da aka buga One Moonlit Night a cikin Welsh kamar Un Nos Ola Leuad, Le Procès-Verbal da Our Lady of the Nile sun kasance asali a Faransanci, kuma *Shuggie Bain* yana cikin Turanci amma tare da tattaunawa a cikin Scots.

## Jerin
BBC ce ta buga jerin a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2022.

### Kasashen Commonwealth ta yawan littattafai
Inda aka ba marubuci kasashe biyu na asali a cikin jerin da ke sama, an ba da 0.5 ga kowace ƙasa.

## Rashin aiki da sauran batutuwa
Masu sharhi sun tattauna abubuwan da suka faru da yawa: J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings (wanda aka sanya lamba 1 a cikin 2003 The Big Read); J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter books;  Terry Pratchett's Discworld series;  Philip Pullman's Dark Materials trilogy,  Doris Lessing's The Golden Notebook;  da kuma aikin Dick Francis, wanda aka ruwaito yana daya daga cikin marubutan da Sarauniya ta fi so.  An bayyana hada marubucin Arewacin Irish Seamus Heaney da gaskiyar cewa lokacin da ya rubuta Death of a Naturalist yana zaune a Burtaniya kuma wani mai wallafa Ingilishi ya buga shi; Heaney ya bayyana a matsayin dan kasar Irish kuma a baya ya ki amincewa da hada shi a cikin The Penguin Book of Contemporary British Poetry .  

A cikin The Telegraph, Allison Pearson ya kira shi "'Za ku dauki maganin ku kuma kamar shi' irin jerin sunayen da mutanen da suka ji tsoro cewa ba su da bambanci sosai".  Hakazalika, a cikin *Labarin*, David Herman ya koka: "Idan kuna son Hornblower ko James Bond, mayu da hobbits, manyan wallafe-wallafen yara, shahararrun shayari ko wasan kwaikwayo, The Big Jubilee Read ba ya damu. Abin da yake kula da shi ne Bayan mulkin mallaka, ba-farar fata. 

## Manazarta
Babban Karanta

**Babban Karanta** wani bincike ne kan littattafan da BBC ta gudanar a Burtaniya a shekara ta 2003, lokacin da aka karɓi kuri'u sama da kashi uku cikin huɗu na miliyan ɗaya daga jama'ar Burtaniya don neman littafin da aka fi so a ƙasar. Binciken shekara-shekara shine mafi girman gwajin ɗanɗano na karatun jama'a har zuwa yau,  kuma ya ƙare tare da shirye-shirye da yawa da shahararrun mutane suka shirya da ke ba da shawarar littattafan da suka fi so.

## Manufar
BBC ta fara Big Read tare da burin gano "Littafin Ƙasar da aka fi so" ta hanyar kuri'un mai kallo ta hanyar Yanar gizo, SMS, da tarho. Nunin ya jawo gardama saboda karɓar hanyar da ake zargi da sha'awa ga wallafe-wallafen, amma magoya baya sun yaba da shi don wayar da kan jama'a game da karatu. Jama'ar Burtaniya sun jefa kuri'a da farko ga duk wani labari da suke so. Daga wannan, an tsara jerin 200, tare da mafi girma 21 sannan aka gabatar don ƙarin jefa kuri'a, akan tanadin cewa littafi daya ne kawai ga kowane marubuci aka ba da izini a saman 21. Kamar yadda zaben ya dogara ne akan litattafai, wasan kwaikwayon William Shakespeare ba su kasance wani ɓangare na binciken ba.

## Marubutan da ke da litattafai da yawa a cikin jerin

; Littattafai da yawa a cikin Top 50

A matakin farko, duk litattafan Harry Potter guda huɗu da J. K. Rowling ya rubuta sun kasance daga cikin shugabannin 25. Haka kuma litattafan duniya ta tsakiya na J. R. R. Tolkien. Mataki na biyu ya ƙunshi littattafai 21 daga marubuta daban-daban: saman 25 tare da Rowling wanda aka wakilta kawai ta hanyar ta huɗu, Goblet of Fire, da Tolkien kawai ta The Lord of the Rings. Wadannan litattafai guda biyu a ƙarshe sun kasance na biyar kuma na farko; sauran shugabannin farko na Rowling da Tolkien sun jagoranci ma-rans a cikin matsayi 22-25.

; Littattafai da yawa a cikin Top 100

* Hudu: J. K. Rowling
* Uku: Jane Austen, Charles Dickens
* Biyu: Thomas Hardy, George Orwell, JRR TolkienJ. R. R. Tolkien

; Littattafai da yawa a cikin Top 200

* Biyar: Charles Dickens, Terry Pratchett
* Hudu: Roald Dahl, J. K. Rowling, Jacqueline Wilson
* Uku: Jane Austen
* Biyu: Thomas Hardy, Gabriel García Márquez, George Orwell, John Steinbeck, JRR Tolkien, Leo Tolstoy

; Littattafai da yawa a cikin Top 25

* Goma sha biyar: Terry Pratchett
* Goma sha huɗu: Jacqueline Wilson
* Tara: Roald Dahl
* Bakwai: Charles Dickens
* Hudu: Thomas Hardy, J. K. Rowling
* Uku: Jane Austen, Anthony Horowitz, Stephen King, John Steinbeck
* Biyu: George Eliot, John Irving, Gabriel García Márquez, George Orwell, JRR Tolkien, Leo Tolstoy

## Manazarta
Babban Karanta (Bulgaria)

**The Big Read** (Bulgarian: Голямото четене, trans. *Golyamoto Chetene*) wani bincike ne da gidan talabijin na Bulgarian ya fara, wanda burin shi ne neman littafin da aka fi so na Bulgarians. Dangane da kamfen ɗin BBC na 2003, *Golyamoto Chetene* ya fara ne a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2008  kuma ya ƙare a ranar 25 ga Maris 2009 tare da sanarwar mai nasara. Jama'ar Bulgarian da farko sun jefa kuri'a ga duk wani littafi da suke so. Dangane da waɗannan kuri'un an tsara jerin manyan littattafai 100. Littattafai 12 da suka jagoranci jerin an gabatar da su don ƙarin jefa kuri'a, wanda dole ne ya tantance wanda ya ci nasara.

## Tushen goma sha biyu

## Wadanda suka ci nasara ta hanyar ƙasa

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na "Big Read - Bulgaria"
Bioliteracy

**Bioliteracy** shine ikon fahimtar da shiga cikin batutuwan halittu. Ana amfani da manufar musamman a cikin mahallin biotechnology da biodiversity.

## Bayyanawa
A cikin yanayin biotechnology, ana ɗaukar bioliteracy da mahimmanci don inganta masana'antar biotechnology da ci gaban samfuran injiniyan halittu. An kuma bayyana shi a matsayin "ma'anar shigar da mutane, ma'aikata, ko ƙungiyoyi tare da fahimta da ta'aziyya tare da ilmin halitta da biotechnology. "  Amfani a cikin mahallin bambancin halittu ya ɗan bambanta, yana mai da hankali kan inganta wayar da kan jama'a game da kwayoyin halitta daban-daban tare da burin kiyayewa. 

Shirye-shiryen Kimiyya ta ɗan ƙasa, kamar iNaturalist, ana ɗaukar su hanyoyin da suka dace don haɓaka bioliteracy, yana sa ɗalibai su shiga tare da lura da yanayi kai tsaye.

## Manazarta
Sophie Maxwell

Sophie Maxwell (9 ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta 1950)
Yar siyasar Amurka ce. Tsohuwar memba ce a Hukumar Kula da Sufuri ta San Francisco, mai wakiltar gundumar 10.
## Rayuwar farko
Maxwell ya rayu a gundumar Bayview a San Francisco, California na ƙarshe[yaushe?] shekaru ashirin.

Kafin zabenta, Maxwell ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin lantarki ga Amtrak.
## Sana'ar siyasa

## Manazarta
Littattafan da ke Girma

**Littattafan da ke Girma** dandamali ne na ilimi na kan layi wanda ke da hedikwata a Birnin New York wanda ke ba da littattafan dijital da aka tsara don daidaitawa da ƙwarewar masu karatu. Yin amfani da tsarin gudanar da ilmantarwa, mutane biyu da ke karanta wannan taken na iya ganin kalmomi daban-daban, jerin ra'ayoyi, ko zane-zane, dangane da bayanan ilmantarwa na mutum. Aikace-aikacen yana mai da hankali musamman kan bukatun matasa, matasa, da manya da ke da ƙarancin karatu da rubutu.

Littattafan da ke Girma sun kafa ta Daniel Fountenberry, tsohon malami kuma mai kula da labarai, a cikin 2012. An fara san aikin ne da sunan Borne Digital kuma an ƙaddamar da shi a fili a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, 2013, a Taron Kayan aiki don Canji a Taron Buga  Sauran masu haɗin gwiwa sun haɗa da Jason Buhle, masanin kimiyyar kwakwalwa.  An kaddamar da kamfen ɗin Kickstarter a watan Janairun 2014 don hanzarta kudade ga Littattafan da ke Girma.

## Karɓar baƙi

### Samun tallafi
Tun lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da samfurin a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2014, littattafan da ke girma sun yi amfani da su sama da dalibai 1,000 da malamai a kusan makarantu 30.

### Kyaututtuka
Littattafan da ke Girma an kira su 'Mafi Kyawun Farawa' ta membobin International Society for Technology in Education a cikin 2017  kuma sun sami lambar yabo ta 2014 Verizon Powerful Answers Award a Ilimi  da kuma 2014 National School Board Association's Innovation Showcase. 

### Bincike
A ranar 11 ga Fabrairu, 2014, *EdTech Digest* ya nuna Littattafan da ke Girma a cikin "Kayan aiki mai sanyi", yana mai cewa: "Ya riga ya zama ɗan fashewa a cikin duniyar wallafe-wallafen kuma yanzu kawai yana saitawa don shiga cikin ɗakunan ajiya a duk faɗin ƙasar. "Labarin ya lura da ci gaban Littattafan Da ke Girma akan Kickstarter  da ɗaukar hoto akan MSNBC da CNN .  

## Dubi kuma

* Tattalin Arziki
* Karatun karatu da rubutu

## Manazarta
Deborah Brandt

**Deborah L. Brandt** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1951) ta kasance ƴar Amurka ce kuma farfesa ce ta Turanci a Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison .

## Ilimi da kyaututtuka
Brandt ta sami B.A. daga Jami'ar Rutgers a 1974 da Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Indiana Bloomington a 1983, bayan haka ta yi aiki a Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison har sai da ta yi ritaya a 2010.  Kodayake ta wallafa fiye da labarai goma sha biyu da surori na littattafai, an san ta da Literacy in American Lives,  wanda ta lashe kyaututtuka uku: Kyautar Mina P. Shaughnessy ta Modern Language Association (2002), Kyautar Grawemeyer (2003), da Taron kan Kwalejin Kwalejin da Kyautar Kyautar Kyauta (2003). Rubutun ta Literacy as Involvement: Ayyukan Marubutan, Masu Karatu, da Matani (Kudancin Illinois UP, 1990) sun lashe lambar yabo ta David H. Russell ta 1992 don Bincike Mai Girma daga Majalisar Malaman Ingilishi ta Kasa. 

An ba Brandt kyauta biyu, ɗaya tare da Majalisar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Amirka a 1986 kuma ɗayan tare da Majalisar Bincike ta Kasa a 1998, wanda ta kasance Masanin Ziyarci a Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Amurka.  Brandt ita ce ta lashe lambar yabo ta 2017 a Taron Kwalejin Kwalejin (CCCC). 

## Bincike
Binciken Brandt yana mai da hankali kan yanayin zamantakewa na yawan karatu da rubutu; da kuma manyan karfi na tsari wanda ke tsara damar mutum zuwa karatu da rubutu.

A cikin Literacy in American Lives Brandt "ya bayyana yadda tsararraki na Amurka suka fahimci ma'ana kuma suka jimre da karuwar matsin lamba don inganta ikon su na karatu da rubutu. "  Ta hanyar nazarin tarihin karatu da rubutu na daruruwan Amurkawa daga kowane bangare na rayuwa, Brandt ya rubuta tasirin da sauye-sauyen tattalin arziki, siyasa, da zamantakewa da al'adu a cikin al'ummar Amurka suka yi akan samun karatu da rubutu da amfani, daga shekarun 1900 zuwa yau. A cikin wannan rubutun, ta gabatar da ra'ayin "Masu tallafawa Karatu da rubutu,"; ta rubuta: "Masu ba da tallafi, kamar yadda na zo in yi tunani game da su, duk wani wakili ne, na gida ko nesa, kankare ko abstract, wanda ke ba da damar, tallafawa, koyarwa, ko samfurin, da kuma ɗaukar, tsarawa, hana karatu da rubutu - da kuma amfani da shi ta hanyar manufar tallafawa, Brandt yana jayayya da kulawa ga wasu da kuma ya ba da ikon zamantakewa da tattalin arziki da kuma hana shi damar yin amfani da wasu.

## Ayyukan jama'a
Gidauniyar tunawa da John Simon Guggenheim ta ce "an ji tasirin aikinta fiye da iyakokin harabar Jami'ar Wisconsin".

Brandt ya yi aiki a matsayin abokin bincike a Cibiyar Bincike ta Kasa kan Ilimin Ingilishi da Nasarar (1996-2002), mai ba da shawara ga Nazarin Ƙasa na Nazarin Matasa (2005-07), kuma tare da Shirin Rubuce-rubuce na Kasa. Kokarinta na ci gaba don tallafawa adalci na zamantakewa da damar ilimi a cikin Madison, al'ummar Wisconsin an amince da ita ta NAACP ta WEB DuBois Advocate Award (2001) da kuma gabatarwa biyu daga Madison Urban League don Martin Luther King Humanitarian Award na birnin don aikinta tare da ɗaliban makarantar sakandare ta Madison. 

## Manazarta
Ilimi na kwamfuta

**Ilimin lissafi** kalma ce da ake amfani da ita don bayyana ikon da za a iya amfani da tunanin lissafi da wayar da kan jama'a game da kewayon, iyaka da iyakokin dabarun lissafi. Ya bambanta da ikon yin lissafin lissafi da hannu, a maimakon haka yana tsammanin cewa kwamfutoci za su yi ainihin lissafi.

Wani jagora na ilimin lissafi, Conrad Wolfram ya bayyana bambancin kamar yadda "Ilimin lissafi da aka koyar a duniya a yau bai dace da yadda ake amfani da shi a cikin duniyar gaskiya ba. Fasahar lissafi ta fi samuwa fiye da kowane lokaci, amma babu wani tsarin karatu a duniya da ya ɗauka cewa wanzu. Maimakon haka, an mayar da hankali kan injiniyoyin lissafi na hannu, maimakon ainihin lissafi na duniya".  Andrea diSessa ya bayyana cewa "kwamfutoci na iya canza ilmantarwa". 

## Tasirin
Wolfram has argued that "to achieve stable societies, because enfranchisement requires a good level of computational literacy" and has argued for the introduction of computational literacy qualifications.  Sharin Jacob of the University of California says that "Today’s students will enter a workforce that is powerfully shaped by computing. To be successful in a changing economy, students must learn to think algorithmically and computationally" 

Ayyuka a Cibiyar Ci gaban Ilimi sun nuna nasarar bunkasa ilimin lissafi a matakin makarantar sakandare.

## Dubi kuma

* Tunanin lissafi
* Karatun karatu da rubutu

## Manazarta
Kalmomi acikin launi

Kalmomi a Launi wata hanya ce ta ilimin karatu da Caleb Gattegno ya ƙirƙira.] Kalmomi a Launi sun fara bayyana a cikin 1962, an buga su lokaci guda a cikin Burtaniya da Amurka. An buga juzu'in daga baya a cikin Faransanci (Faransanci: Lecture en Couleurs) da Mutanen Espanya (Spanish: Letras en Launi).

Kalmomi a Launi tsarin sauti ne na roba wanda ke amfani da launi don nuna halayen sautin haruffa. An daidaita tsarin don yin amfani da yara kurame,  da kuma yara masu dyslexia. Kalmomi a Launi ɗaya ne daga cikin tsare-tsare masu yawa da aka taimaka masu launi, waɗanda ke biye da Karatun Labarun Launi, Tsarin Waƙoƙin Launi da Lambar Launin Turanci.
## Manazarta
Rashin jituwa

***Untangling*** hoto ne mai launi wanda mai ɗaukar hoto na ƙasar Kanada Jeff Wall ya ƙirƙira a shekarar 1994. Hoto ne da aka tsara, kamar yawancin hotunansa, wanda ke nuna wani yanayi da ke faruwa a wani ɗakin aiki na ƙasa inda, a gaba, makaniki yana ƙoƙarin buɗe babban tarin igiya. Hoton yana nuna launin cibachrome, kuma an nuna shi a cikin akwatin haske. 

## Bayani da bincike
Wall sau da yawa yana samun kwarin gwiwa daga zane da sinima, da sauran hanyoyin sadarwa, don ƙirƙirar hotunansa na shirye-shirye. An shirya wannan a cikin wani situdiyo, inda aka sake ƙirƙirar shi kamar yadda aka saba a ɗakin aiki na ginshiki, inda 'yan wasa biyu ke kwaikwayon makaniki da kuma wanda zai iya zama abokin ciniki. Ana ganin makaniki yana zaune a hagu a kan tarin bututun roba. Yana sanye da kayan makaniki kuma yana fara aiki cikin haƙuri na kwance babban tarin igiya, kwance a ƙasa, a gabansa. Fuskarsa ta nuna yawan aiki da lokacin da har yanzu yake da shi. A bango akwai ɗakunan ajiya guda biyu tare da abubuwa da yawa, galibi suna da alaƙa da makaniki, kuma a hagu, an ga wani mutum yana kallo da kyau, wataƙila yana neman wani abu, alhali a bayyane yake bai san aikin mutumin a gaba ba.[1]

Robert Nelson, mai sukar fasaha, ya faɗi game da hoton: "Nails ɗin suna yaɗuwa a gaba cikin wani abin ɗaurewa mai girgiza, suna tunawa da tsohuwar ƙungiyar sassaka ta Laocoön. / Alamar wannan abin da aka yi amfani da shi da kuma iskar murabus a cikin mutumin da ke fuskantar ƙalubalen ya sa alama mai ƙarfi ta rashin yiwuwa, ko aikin da ke ɓata rai na gane shi. Hoton ya fassara ayyukan Hercules zuwa wani abu na tunani, inda suke sa kuzarinmu - ko rashinsa - ya zama bayyananne." 

## Tarin jama'a
Akwai kwafin wannan hoton a National Gallery of Victoria, da ke Melbourne, da kuma Kunstmuseum Wolfsburg .   An yi zargin cewa dala AU 1,000,000 ne suka sayi kwafin da aka ajiye a National Gallery of Victoria a shekarar 2006, amma sayarwa ce ta sirri kuma ba a tabbatar da ainihin farashinsa ba. 

## Manazarta
Gombe Bulls

**Gombe Bulls** kungiya ce ta kwararru masu yin ƙwallon Kwando Na Najeriya da ke Jihar Gombe . Kungiyar ta fafata a Gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya . 

## Tarihi
Kungiyar ta halarci gasar cin kofin zakarun kulob-kulob na Afirka ta FIBA ​​na shekarar 2017, wanda shi ne karon farko da kungiyar ta buga gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka.  Bulls sun gama 11th tare da rikodin 2-5.

A shekara ta 2018, Gombe ta lashe lambar yabo ta farko ta Gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya bayan da ta doke Kwara Falcons a wasan karshe.

## Daraja
**[[Bauchi Nets BC|Gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya]]**

* **Zakarun (1):** 2018 
** Masu tsere (1): 2017

## A cikin gasa na Afirka
**Kofin Zakarun Kungiyoyin Afirka na FIBA** (1 bayyanar) 

:: 2017 - Zagaye na Farko

## Shahararrun 'yan wasa
 

* John Idu
* Abdulwahad Yakubu

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Tarihin Bayani na Dijital

**Taskar Dijital na Labarun Rubuce-rubuce** (DALN) rumbun adana bayanan jama'a ne na kan layi na labarun rubutu na sirri. DALN yana tattara labaran da suka jeri a cikin tsari da kuma tsarin tsarawa don haɗawa da al'ada da na al'ada na binciken kai kamar rubutun bidiyo, zane-zane da rubuce-rubucen rubuce-rubuce.  A cikin 2005, Cynthia Selfe, H.&nbsp;Lewis Ulman, da Scott DeWitt a Jami'ar Jihar Ohio sun fara haɓaka DALN tare da manufar ƙirƙira da adana tarin labarun sirri iri-iri.  Yayin da yawancin masu ziyartar rukunin yanar gizon sun fito daga Amurka, DALN ta haɓaka masu sauraro a duniya, kuma  , akwai sama da 8,000 gabatarwa daga ƙasashe na shida na nahiyoyi bakwai. 

## Asalin
Manufar asali ta DALN, kamar yadda masu kirkirarta suka bayyana, ita ce ƙirƙirar tarin labaran karatu da rubutu don manufar binciken karatu da rubutu. Tare da asalin bincike na rubuce-rubuce, masu kirkirarsa sun nemi kama ci gaban labarun, don kalubalanci sanannun ma'anoni na karatu da rubutu, da kuma ƙirƙirar hanya mai ƙarfi ga abokan aiki, masu karatu da masu bincike don hulɗa. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan an aiwatar da DALN a cikin darussan karatun rubuce-rubuce, tare da niyyar inganta karatu da rubutu ta hanyar bincike na mutum.

## Dubi kuma

* Nazarin abun da ke ciki

## Manazarta
Rashin wutar lantarki

**Babur ɗin jan-ja mai amfani da wutar lantarki** babur ne mai amfani da wutar lantarki da ake amfani da shi don tseren jan-ja .

Masu jan wutar lantarki sun tsufa da sabbin ci gaba a fasahar batir da motoci. Injinan lantarki da ƙwayoyin lithium ke amfani da su na iya samar da rabon wutar lantarki zuwa nauyi kamar na injinan mai masu aiki. Tseren ja yana ɗaukar kimanin daƙiƙa goma don haka ƙarfin baturi ba matsala ba ne. Yawancin kekunan ja da motocin ja (motoci) suna fafatawa da azuzuwan Top Fuel . An jera bayanan tseren ja da wutar lantarki a NEDRA . 

## Batir
Kekunan jan-raga na lantarki suna amfani da ƙwayoyin lithium-ion ko nickel-metal hydride saboda yawan kuzarinsu wanda ke nufin ba su da yawa don ɗauka. Bugu da ƙari, ana buƙatar ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta idan aka kwatanta da mota saboda "nauyin" kekuna da mai hawa ya fi sauƙi. Nauyin yau da kullun:  mai hawa,  babur ban da nauyin batirin.

## Duba kuma

* Gasar jan lantarki
* Ƙungiyar Killacycle Killacycle lantarki Dragbike

## Nassoshi

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* http://projectblackswan.wikispaces.com/ 
* http://www.killacycle.com/
* http://www.nedra.com/
* https://www.truecousins.dk/edragracing/index.html
Ilimi na jiki

**Ilimi na jiki** shine ikon motsawa tare da ƙwarewa da amincewa a cikin ayyuka daban-daban na jiki a cikin mahalli da yawa waɗanda ke amfana da ci gaban lafiya na dukan mutum.

Muhimmancin ilimin jiki don jin daɗin rayuwa gaba ɗaya:

# Jama'a
# Kyakkyawan
# Gasar
# Rayuwa

Kasancewa da iya shiga cikin ilimin jiki yana ba da damar mutum ya bincika motsin kansa kuma ya fi dacewa da aiki da ci gaba.

Abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci game da ilimin jiki sune:

* kowa zai iya zama mai karatu da rubutu kamar yadda ya dace da kyautar kowane mutum
* Tafiyar karatu da rubutu ta kowa ta musamman ce
* ilimin jiki yana da mahimmanci kuma yana da mahimmanci a kowane mataki da shekarun rayuwa
* a cikin zuciyar manufar shine motsawa da sadaukarwa don yin aiki
* halin ya nuna ta hanyar son kasancewa mai aiki, wanda aka haifa daga jin daɗi da gamsuwa da mutane ke fuskanta a cikin shiga

Ana ganin ilimin jiki a matsayin ƙwarewar da ke samuwa kuma ana iya cimma ta ga kowa. Ya ƙunshi abubuwan da suka faru iri-iri kuma yana tasowa daga ranar da aka haife mu duka. Ci gaba daban-daban a cikin ilimin jiki sun nuna mahimman fannoni na iya yin aiki tare da amincewa da ƙwarewa yayin da yake yin ilimin jiki aiki da ci gaba na yau da kullun.

## Tarihi

### Margaret Whitehead
A cikin 1993, Dokta Margaret Whitehead ta gabatar da manufar ilimin jiki a Ƙungiyar Ilimi ta Duniya da Wasanni ga 'yan mata da mata a Melbourne, Australia.  Daga wannan binciken, an haɓaka manufar da ma'anar ilimin jiki. Bugu da kari, tasirin ilimin jiki shine burin dukkan tsarin an tsara shi.

Tsarin Margaret Whitehead ya samo asali ne daga:

# Kasancewa da iya motsawa da kuma ba da gudummawa ga ingancin rayuwa a cikin al'adun da muke rayuwa tare yayin da muke la'akari da iyawarmu ta jiki
# Amfani da motsi da amincewa a cikin yanayin ƙalubalen jiki don daidaitawa da tsammanin.
# Fahimtar sadarwa ba tare da magana ba da kuma ikon bayyana kanka
# Ikon ganowa da sadarwa tare da abubuwan da ke shafar aikin mutum, da kuma fahimtar tsarin kiwon lafiya a fannonin motsa jiki, bacci, da abinci mai gina jiki

### Sauran Tushen Falsafa
An samo asali ne a cikin Gibs & Sartre a cikin shekara ta 2006, wannan ka'idar falsafar tana kallon ilimin jiki a matsayin godiya ga mutum a matsayin cikakkiyar kallon jiki a matsayin abu - an cire shi daga ainihin mutum. Wannan ka'idar ya kamata ta kalli koyar da mutane daga ma'anar mai koyo maimakon aiki daga farkon koyar da aiki.

#### [[Imanin wanzuwa|Rayuwa]]
Levins, Lewotin, da Burkitt ne suka kafa shi, wannan ra'ayi na falsafa yana kallon yadda ya kamata a ga ilmantarwa a matsayin hulɗa tare da yanayi da saituna tare da wasu mutane. Yanayin bukatun dangane da ƙalubale da numfashi ya kamata ya dace da ƙwarewar mutum..
## Manazarta