open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Muhammad al-Abili

**Muhammad al-Abili** (/ˈɛlˈʔæːbliː/, Larabci: , ; 1282-1356, 681-757 AH) masanin falsafa ne Musulmi daga Tlemcen . Wataƙila an fi saninsa a yau a matsayin malami da muhimmiyar tasiri na Ibn Khaldun, wanda ya yi karatun falsafar a ƙarƙashinsa na tsawon shekaru uku a Tunis.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haife shi a Tlemcen, a Aljeriya ta yanzu a cikin 1282.  Mahaifinsa Ibrahim, asalinsa daga Ávila a Al-Andalus,   soja ne a cikin sojojin Bani Zayyan . Mahaifiyarsa 'yar Qadi Muhammad ibn Ghalbun ce a Tlemcen .

Lokacin da Marinids suka mamaye Tlemcen, sai ya bar birnin. Ya yi tafiya zuwa gabas tare da malamin addinin Shi'a, daga ƙarshe ya yi aikin hajji zuwa Makka kuma ya kwashe lokaci a Karbala. Ya koma Tlemcen bayan an 'yantar da birnin kuma ya ba da kansa ga karatu. Ya yi nazarin ma'ana da 'Amfani a ƙarƙashin Ibn Al-Imam (Abi Mausa). A lokacin da za a tilasta masa aiki a matsayin gudanarwa tare da baitulmalin birnin, Al-Abili ya gudu zuwa yamma zuwa Fez, a cikin Morocco na yanzu. Da farko ya nemi mafaka tare da masanin lissafi na Yahudawa kuma ya ci gaba da ilimin lissafi a ƙarƙashin kulawarsa. A kusa da 710 AH, ya zauna a Marrakesh, inda ya sami damar karatun falsafar a ƙarƙashin babban masanin Ibn al-Banna'. Bayan mutuwar Ibn al-Banna, Al-Abili ya koyar a Fez kuma ya zama sananne, daga ƙarshe ya shiga kotun Sultan Abu al-Hassan.

Al-Abili ya zo Tunis tare da Sultan lokacin da ya ci Ifriqiya a cikin 748 H, kuma a can ne ya koyar da Ibn Khaldun. Ya mutu a Fez a cikin 757 AH, 1356 AD.

## Dubi kuma

* Yahya ibn Khaldun

## Manazarta
Ibn Marzuq

**Ibn Marzuq** (cikakken suna: Shams al-Din Abu ʿAbd Allah Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr al-ʿAjisi al-Tilimsani, wanda aka fi sani da **al-Khatib** (Mai wa'azi) ko **al-Jadd** (Kakan) ko al**'al-Rais** (Shugaba); c. 1310-1379) ya kasance sanannen *faqīh* na ƙarni na 14 daga Tlemcen (Aljeriya ta zamani).

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haife shi a kusa da 1310 a Tlemcen kuma ya yi tafiya a ƙarshen shekarunsa zuwa gabas, inda ya yi karatu tare da ƙungiyar malamai kusan 250 na shekaru goma sha biyar. Ya koma Maghreb a matsayin faqih, ko gwani a dokar Islama. Sultunan Marinid, Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Othman, ya nada Ibn Marzuq a matsayin mai wa'azi a masallacin al-ʿUbbad a asalinsa Tlemcen . 

Ibn Marzuq daga baya ya zama mai ba da shawara ga sultan, malami da sakatare kuma an ba shi muhimmiyar rawar diflomasiyya, yana tattaunawa da sarakuna a Aljeriya da Spain, inda ya kammala yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya tare da Sarkin Castile, Alphonse XI. Bayan mutuwar Abu al-Hasan, ya koma Tlemcen, inda ya shiga cikin makirci a kan sabon sultan na Marinid Abu Inan Faris, kafin ya gudu zuwa Spain, inda aka ba shi matsayin Khatib (mai ba da jawabi) a babban masallacin al-Hamra a Granada. 

An dawo da shi zuwa Fez, inda ya rike babban matsayi har sai da mummunar gazawar aikin diflomasiyya zuwa Spain ya haifar da ɗaure shi na tsawon shekaru shida. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan an sake shi a shekara ta 1358, ya koma Tunis, inda *Abu Salim Ibrahim* ya ba shi babban matsayi. Ya kasance a can har zuwa 1372, lokacin da ya yi ritaya zuwa Alkahira na shekaru bakwai na rayuwarsa don zama Grand Qadi . 

## Ayyuka
Ibn Marzuq an san shi da ayyukansa na shari'a, addini da ilimin tarihi. Daga cikin sanannun tarihinsa na 1371 na sultan na Marinid Abu al-Hasan . Littafin ya jaddada rawar da Ibn Marzuq ya taka a mulkin al-Hasan; a bayyane yake ya nemi ya haskaka nasarorin da ya samu don girman kansa. An kira shi The Correct and Fine Traditions About the Glorious Ayyuka na Maigidanmu Abu 'l-Hasan (*Musnad as-sahid al-hasan fi maʿathir mawlana Abi 'l Hasan*), littafin ya tattauna halayen sultan, kotunsa, da ayyukan da aka yi a lokacin mulkinsa.  An buga fassarar Mutanen Espanya a cikin 1977 ta Instituto Hispano-Arabe de Cultura, a matsayin El Musnad: Ayyuka masu tunawa da Abu l-Hasan, sultan de los benimerines .

Ya kuma rubuta kitâb al-imâma, ma'anar Khalifancin Musulunci da tattaunawa game da ka'idodin siyasa da gwamnati, da kuma *fahrasa* mai yawa (jerin malamai) wanda, ba a saba da shi ba, ya haɗa da mata masu ilimi.

Farfesa Mohammad S. Alrahawan ne ya fassara aikinsa *Miftah al-Wusul* zuwa Turanci kuma Peter Lang / International Academic Publishers ne ya buga shi a shekarar 2020.

## Manazarta

## Ƙarin karantawa

*
Ilene Beckerman

**Ilene Beckerman** (an haife ta a shekarar 1935) marubuciya ce 'yar Amurka, wacce ba a buga ta ba sai da ta kai shekara 60, kuma tsohuwar shugabar hukumar talla. An fi saninta da littafinta na farko mai suna *Love, Loss, and What I Wore*, wanda aka buga a shekarar 1995, wanda a shekarar 2008 ya zama wasan kwaikwayo mai nasara wanda Nora Ephron da Delia Ephron suka rubuta bisa ga littafinta.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Ilene Beckerman a shekarar 1935,  kuma ta girma a Manhattan a shekarun 1940 da 1950. 

## Sana'a
Beckerman ba ta fara aikinta na marubuciya ba sai da ta kai kusan shekaru 60, bayan ta hau kujerar mataimakiyar shugabar wata hukumar talla .   Aikin jarida ta bayyana a jaridar *[[New York Times]]*, *[[Los Angeles Times|jaridar Los Angeles Times]]*, da mujallar Ladies' Home Journal . 

A shekarar 1995, yana da shekaru 60, Beckerman ya buga littafin Love, Loss, and What I Wore, wanda Publishers Weekly ya kira "" ƙaramin tarihin rayuwa mai jan hankali ga manya ... sharhi mai ban haushi game da matsin lambar da mata ke fuskanta a koyaushe don yin kyau".

A shekarar 2011, ta buga, *The Smartest Woman I Know*, wani labari game da rayuwarta tare da kakarta, Ettie Goldberg, wacce ta zauna tare bayan rasuwar mahaifiyarta. 

## Littattafai da aka zaɓa

* *Soyayya, Rasa, da Abin da Na Saka* (1995) 
* *Mace Mafi Wayo Da Na Sani* (2011) 
* *Uwar Amarya* 
* *Gyaran Gidaje a Kyawun Gidaje na Farin Ciki* 
* *Abin da Muke Yi Don Soyayya* 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Lokacin da take da shekaru 12, mahaifiyarta ta rasu, kuma ta tafi zama a Manhattan tare da kakanninta, waɗanda ke da shagon alewa a kan titin Madison tsakanin titunan 64th da 65th. 

A shekarar 1955, tana da shekaru 20, Beckerman ta auri farfesa a fannin ilimin zamantakewa na Boston, wanda ya girme ta da shekaru 17.  Auren bai daɗe ba kuma ya ƙare da saki. Ta sake yin aure, kuma ta haifi 'ya'ya shida, ɗaya daga cikinsu ya mutu tun yana ƙarami, daga ƙarshe ya sake aure. 

Beckerman tana zaune a Bethlehem Township, New Jersey, tare da mijinta Stanley. 

## Manazarta
Sally Belfrage

**Sally Belfrage** (Oktoba 4, 1936 - Maris 14, 1994) marubuciya ce ' yar Burtaniya da aka haifa a Amurka wadda ba ta da almara a ƙarni na 20 kuma 'yar jarida ce ta ƙasashen duniya.   Rubuce-rubucenta sun ƙunshi Matsalolin Arewacin Ireland, Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama ta Amurka da tarihin rayuwarta.  A cewar labarin mutuwarta a *[[New York Times|jaridar The New York Times]]*, ta kasance 'yar jarida mai hankali da barkwanci kuma mai suka wadda ta nemi gaskiya da himma'. 

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haifi Sally Mary Caroline Belfrage a Hollywood, California, a ranar 4 ga Oktoba, 1936.  Iyayenta, Cedric Belfrage da Molly Castle, daga baya sun ƙaura zuwa New York inda ta yi karatu a Makarantar Kimiyya ta Bronx da Kwalejin Hunter .  Ta koma Ingila lokacin da aka koro iyayenta zuwa Landan a matsayin waɗanda ake zargin 'yan Kwaminisanci ne.   Bayan dawowarta ta yi rajista a Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta London .   Bayan kammala karatunta ta halarci bikin matasa da ɗalibai na duniya na 6 a Moscow, ta ziyarci China  kuma ta yi aiki a Gidan Buga Harsunan Waje, Moscow, a 1957. 

Belfrage ta zama mai fafutukar kare hakkin jama'a kuma mai yawon bude ido a duniya.  Littattafan ta sun haɗa da *The Crack: A Belfast Year* (1987, mai taken *Living with War: A Belfast Year* for United States distribution),  *Un-American Activitys: A Memoir of the Fifties* (1995),  *Freedom Summer* (1999),  *A Room in Moscow* (1958),  da *Flowers of Emptiness: Reflections on an Ashram* .  A shekarar 1969, Belfrage ta sanya hannu kan alƙawarin hana haraji na yaƙi, tare da wasu marubuta da editoci 447 na Amurka. An buga shi a cikin bugun 30 ga Janairu, 1969 na *New York Post* . 

### Mutuwa
Belfrage ta rayu mafi yawan rayuwarta a Landan, inda ta mutu a Asibitin Middlesex sakamakon cutar kansar huhu (adenocarcinoma) a shekarar 1994, tana da shekaru 57.

## Rayuwa ta sirri

### Aure da iyali
A shekarar 1965, ta auri Bernard Pomerance wanda aka fi sani da wasan kwaikwayo nasa, *The Elephant Man* .  Sun haifi 'ya'ya biyu: Eve Pomerance, daraktan shirya fina-finai, marubucin fina-finai kuma furodusa a Hollywood, da kuma Moby Pomerance, marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo kuma marubucin fina-finai.   

Ɗan'uwan Belfrage shine Nicolas Belfrage, ƙwararren masanin giya da giya.  Kawunta shine Bruce Belfrage, mai karanta labarai na BBC a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, kuma kawunta shine Bryan Powley, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo. 

## Manazarta sun
Women in Red

**Women in Red** wani shiri ne na WikiProject da aka yi niyya don magance wariya tsakanin jinsi a cikin abubuwan da ke cikin Wikipedia . Aikin ya mayar da hankali kan ƙirƙirar abubuwan da suka shafi tarihin rayuwar mata, ayyukan mata, da kuma matsalolin mata.

An sanya wa aikin suna ne bayan hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo a cikin labaran Wikipedia da ke akwai waɗanda ke nuna ja don nuna cewa har yanzu ba a ƙirƙiri labarin da aka haɗa ba. Tun lokacin da aka fara Ranar Ada Lovelace, ayyukan gyara Wikipedia sun shahara.  Bincike a waɗannan abubuwan galibi ya gano mata sanannu a cikin STEM waɗanda ba su da shafukan Wikipedia, wanda ke nuna hanyoyin haɗin ja waɗanda ke wakiltar labaran da ba su wanzu ba suna jiran ƙirƙira.

## Tarihi

An haifi 'Yan Mata a Ja ta hannun editan Wikipedia mai sa kai Roger Bamkin a shekarar 2015, wanda daga baya ya haɗu da editan sa kai Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight .  Da farko Bamkin ya ƙirƙiro suna ga aikin, "Ayyukan XX", amma ba da daɗewa ba aka canza sunan zuwa *WikiProject Women in Red* .
Bayan kammala aikin, editan sa kai Emily Temple-Wood ta sanya hannu. Ƙwarewarta ita ce ƙara wani sabon labarin Wikipedia game da wata mace mai ilimin kimiyya duk lokacin da wani ya tsangwame ta game da ƙoƙarinta na gyara aikin sa kai.  

A gasar Wikimania ta 2016, a Esino Lario, Italiya, Jimmy Wales, wanda ya kafa Wikipedia tare a 2001, ya nada Stephenson-Goodknight da Temple-Wood a matsayin kwararrun Wikipedia na Shekara, a cikin watanni 12 da suka gabata, saboda kokarinsu na cike gibin bayanai game da jinsi. 

## Hanyoyi

Mata a Red suna gudanar da gyaran Wikipedia a birane a faɗin duniya, kuma suna ci gaba da ɗaukar nauyin wani shiri na kama-da-wane.  Shirye-shiryen gyara kai-tsaye na yau da kullun suna mayar da hankali ne kan abubuwan da ake gudanarwa don horar da sabbin masu ba da gudummawa ta yadda gibin jinsi na Wikipedia zai iya ƙara zama ƙarami kuma ya haɗa da ƙarin abubuwan da ke kan mata masu daraja .  Wani buri kuma shine a ƙara yawan masu gyara mata. Kodayake Wikipedia ita ce "ƙirƙirar kyauta da kowa zai iya gyarawa", kamar yadda yake a shekarar 2015, kusan kashi 10 cikin 100 na masu gyara mata ne kawai.    

Mahalarta Mata a Ja suna taimakawa wajen tattara jerin ayyuka 150 na labaran da aka haɗa da ja domin sauƙaƙa nemowa da ƙirƙirar labaran da suka ɓace.

Ya zuwa ranar 22 ga watan Disamba, , Mata a cikin Red masu sa kai sun kara da labarai sama da 45,000, kuma yawan labaran da aka lissafa ya karu zuwa kashi 16.8 na tarihin harshen Ingilishi (daga kashi 15 cikin 100 a watan Yulin 2015). 

## Lambobin yabo da girmamawa

* Kyautar GEM-TECH ta Mata ta ITU/UN ta shekarar 2016 (nau'i: Aiwatar da Fasaha don Karfafawa Mata da Haɗa su ta Dijital) 

## Duba kuma

* Art+Feminism
* Nancy Poore

## Nassoshi
Susan Bergman

**Susan Bergman** (ɗan **Heche** ; 5 ga Mayu, 1957) Janairu 1, 2006) marubuci ne kuma masanin adabi ɗan Amurka.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Bergman a matsayin Susan Claire Heche a ranar 5 ga Mayu, 1957, a Bloomington, Indiana . Tana ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'yan Donald "Don" Joe Heche da Nancy Heche ( wanda aka haifa a Prickett).  

Bergman 'yar'uwar jarumar fim Anne Heche ce,  wacce ta kuma rubuta tarihin rayuwar mahaifinsu da kuma tarihin iyalinsu, a shekara ta 2001. 

## Rubutu
Bergman ta rubuta littafin tarihinta *mai suna Anonymity* a shekarar 1994,  wanda ya ba da labarin gano luwaɗi a shekarar 1983 da kuma rayuwar mahaifinta, Don, Kirista, daraktan mawaƙa, kuma mutumin iyali mai tsari, yayin da yake mutuwa sakamakon cutar HIV/AIDS .     *Anonymity* ya samo asali ne daga digirin digirgir na Bergman a Jami'ar Northwestern . 

A shekarar 1996, Bergman ya kasance editan wani littafi mai suna *Martyrs: Contemporary Writers on Modern Lives of Faith*,  inda marubutan zamani suka yi tunani kan rayuwar shahidai na addini da siyasa na ƙarni na 20. Bergman ya ba da gudummawar babi na gabatarwa, tunani kan yanayin shahada da abin da take koyarwa game da imani .   

Bergman kuma malami ne a Jami'ar Northwestern, Jami'ar New York, da Jami'ar Notre Dame . 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Heche ta auri mawaki Judson Bergman a shekarar 1979 kuma sun haifi 'ya'ya da dama, ciki har da mawakan Elliot Bergman da Natalie Bergman na ƙungiyar Wild Belle . 

Kamar yawancin iyalinta, Bergman Kirista ce mai wa'azin bishara tsawon rayuwarta, kuma jigogi na addini sun kasance batun da take yawan rubutawa. A shekarar 1996, Christianity Today ta sanya mata suna a cikin bayaninsu na "Up and Comers: Fifty evangelical leaders 40 and under". Duk da haka, ta bayyana cewa ba ta ɗauki kanta a matsayin ɓangare na haƙƙin Kirista ba. Ta nakalto kalmomin wata kawarta, Bergman ya ce: "Ina da ƙarfin gwiwar yin imani da cewa lokacin da Yesu ya gayyaci duk waɗanda ke aiki kuma suke da nauyi, ba ya tantance cutar kanjamau, ko ɗabi'ar zaɓe, ko tambayar ko wani ya yi saki, ko kuma ya zubar da ciki."

Watanni uku bayan mutuwar mahaifinta sakamakon matsalolin da suka shafi cutar kanjamau a ranar 3 ga Maris, 1983, tana da shekaru 45,  Ɗan'uwan Bergmans mai shekaru 18, Nathan, ya mutu a hatsarin mota lokacin da motarsa ta ɓace a lanƙwasa ta bugi itace.    Sauran danginta na kusa daga baya suka ƙaura zuwa Chicago don su kasance kusa da sauran 'yan uwansu.  

## Mutuwa
Bergman ya mutu a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2006, a Barrington, Illinois, yana da shekaru 48, bayan ya shafe shekaru uku yana fama da ciwon kwakwalwa . 

## Littattafan tarihi

### Littattafai

*  
*   (unpublished)

### Takaitattun Labarai

*   (editor)

## Majiyoyi

*  (Call Me Crazy at the Internet Archive)
** (audiobook edition, 2001) New York: Simon & Schuster Audio. ISBN&nbsp; (CD),  (cassette)
*  

## Manazarta
Abd al-Rahman al-Jadiri

**Abu Zayd Abd al-Rahman Mohammed al-Jadiri** (Arabic: عبد الرحمن الجدري) (born in Meknes, in 1375 and died in Fez, probably in 1416) was the  (time-keeper) at the Qarawiyyin Mosque.

Ya rubutun wani rubutu game da ƙaddamar da lokacin rana da dare,  (abin da aka tsara) a cikin surori 26 da ayoyi 335, mai taken  (1391/2), da kuma kalandar da ta dace da latitude na Fez, Tanbllt mii al-afliím 'ala ya/:tduthu ji ayim al-'iim . 

## Manazarta

## Tushen

* 
*
Sallar Roƙon Ruwan Sama

**Sallar Roƙon Ruwan Sama** ( Arabic   ; **, "addu'ar neman ruwan sama") sallah ce ta sunnah (addu'ar Musulunci) don neman ruwan sama daga Allah da kuma neman ruwan sama. 

## Gabatarwa
A bisa ga al'adar annabcin Musulunci, a lokacin fari mai tsawo, wani mutum ya zo wurin Muhammadu yayin da yake gabatar da Khutba (wa'azin) sallar Juma'a a masallacin Al-Masjid an-Nabawi, don yin addu'a da roƙon Allah ya sa ruwan sama ya sauka, domin mutane da shanu da gonakin inabi sun sha wahala sakamakon rashin ruwa, kuma a cikin martanin, Muhammadu ya ɗaga hannuwansa sama ya yi addu'a ga Allah ya sa ruwan sama ya sauka.  Bayan an amsa addu'arsa da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi na tsawon kwanaki, Muhammadu ya sake yin addu'a ga Allah don ruwan sama mai yawa ya tsaya. 

A wani lokaci kuma, an ce Muhammadu ya fita daga masallaci da rana tsaka ya shiga wani esplanade tare da taron magabata, ya yi addu'ar samun ruwan sama, sannan ya yi addu'a mai dauke da raka'a biyu a matsayin rukuni yayin da yake karanta Fatiha a bayyane, kamar yadda ya yi a sallar Juma'a . 

## Al'ada

A cikin al'ummomin noma na Musulmi, a lokutan bala'i kamar fari, ana roƙon *[[Liman|Imam]]* da ya ba da taimakon ruhaniya ga al'umma da fatan Allah ya sa ruwan sama ya sauka. 

## Aiki
A ranar da aka tsara don yin wannan addu'a, limamin masallacin ya jagoranci Musulmai a cikin wani al'ada na gama gari don roƙon Allah ya ba su isasshen ruwan sama don buƙatun noma da na mutane, da kuma tsaftace jiki.

Wannan ibadar addu'a tana faruwa ne a cikin wannan fili a wajen masallacin inda ake yin sallar Idi guda biyu a kowace shekara. 

## Addu'o'i a ƙasashe daban-daban
Kasashe daban-daban a faɗin duniya sun yi wannan addu'ar sau da yawa.

* Dubban masu ibada a fadin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa (UAE) sun taru a ranar 7 ga Disamba, 2024, Asabar don yin sallar ruwan sama, (Salatin Al Istisqa) bayan kiran da Shugaban Kasa Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan ya yi.  An gudanar da addu'o'in da karfe 11 na safe a masallatai da dakunan addu'o'i a duk fadin kasar, yayin da kasar ke neman albarkar ruwan sama. 
* A Saudiyya kuma an yi wannan addu'ar sau da yawa a cikin shekaru daban-daban.  Sarki Salman ya yi kira ga Musulmi a Saudiyya a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba da su yi addu'a a ranar Alhamis domin samun ruwan sama, in ji kamfanin dillancin labarai na Saudiyya. "Duk wanda ke da iko ya kamata ya yi sha'awar yin addu'ar, bisa ga al'adar Annabi Muhammadu," in ji Kotun Masarautar. 

## Nassoshi
Yahudi Hamam

**Yahudi Hamam** ( Greek   ) bandaki ne na zamanin Ottoman a Thessaloniki, Girka . Wanka yana nan a mahadar titunan Vasileos Irakleiou da Frangini, kuma an gina shi tun ƙarni na 16. Sunansa yana nufin "Bath of the Jews", domin Yahudawan Sephardi ne suka fi zama a yankin. An kuma sanya masa suna **Pazar Hamam**, saboda wurin da yake a tsakiyar kasuwar birnin.  
## Nassoshi
Abu al-Hasan al-Qabisi

Abu ʾl-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn Khalaf al-Maʿāfirī al-Qābiṣī[lower-alpha 1] (935-1012) [lower-alpha 1] ya kasance babban masanin Ifrīqiyan (uṣūlī) na Makarantar Mālikī na Shari'ar Musulunci (fiḳh). A shekara ta 996, ya gaji dan uwansa na farko Ibn Abī Zayd a matsayin jagora (Shaykh) na makarantar a al-Qayrawān (Kairouan). [1]

An haifi mahaifin Al-Qābiṣī a ƙauyen al-Maʿāfiriyyīn kusa da Kabis (Gabès) kuma mahaifiyarsa ta fito ne daga al-Qayrawān . Bisa ga al'adar baki, shi dan uwan farko ne na Ibn Abī Zayd da Muḥriz ibn Khalaf, 'ya'yan'uwan mahaifiyarsa. Ya kasance makaho.

A Afirka al-Qābiṣī ya koyar da shi daga Abu ʾl-ʿAbbās al-Ibyānī, masanin Shāfiʿī daga Tunis; Darrās al-Fāsī, wani Ashʿarī; da Ibn Masrūr al-Dabbāgh. Tare da Darrās al-Fāsī da Andalusian al-Aṣīlī, ya ci gaba da tafiya mai tsawo a gabas daga 963 har zuwa 968.  A lokacin tafiyarsa, saboda makaho ne, sahabbansa sun yi aiki a matsayin sakatarensa.

Kafin ya fara shari'a, al-Qābiṣī ya koyar da *[[Qiraʼat|qirāʾāt]]* (karya da Alkur'ani). A matsayinsa na lauya ya kasance mai bin al'ada tare da sha'awar Ashʿarī kuma yana da ra'ayi ga rubuce-rubucen Ibn al-Mawwāz . Yana da zurfin ilimin *[[Hadisi|*Hadist*]]*. Ya taimaka wajen yada ''Ṣaḥīḥ'' na al-Bukhārī, tarin ḥadīths, a arewacin Afirka kuma ya rubuta masa wani riwāya, asusun watsa shi. Sauran ayyukansa sun haɗa da tarin ḥadīths na *Muwaṭṭaʾ*, sananne a al-Andalus; wani rubutu game da halin malamai, wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta rubuce-rubucen Saḥnūn; tarin al'adun *fiḳh*; da haruffa da yawa akan komai daga fassarar Kur'ani, gine-ginen *Ribāṭ*, al-Ashʿarī da ƙaryata Bakrites (watau, Khārijites ). A lokacin da ya tsufa, an ce ya gabatar da saurayi Ibn Sharaf ga shayari.

Ikon Al-Qābiṣī da suna sun tashi bayan mutuwar Ibn Abī Zayd (996) da Ibn Shiblūn (999) kuma ya zama babban lauya a arewacin Afirka da al-Andalus. A lokacin mutuwarsa har yanzu yana koyar da dalibai tamanin. Wadanda suka gaje shi, wadanda suka ci gaba da aikinsa, sune Abū Bakr ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān da Abū Imrān al-Fāsī . Ƙarshen aikin waɗannan malaman Mālikī na al-Qayrawān shine nasarar makarantar Mālikī a Afirka yammacin Misira da kuma raguwa tsakanin Mālikī Zīrids da Shīʿa Fāṭimids.

## Bayani

## Manazarta
Ibn 'Arafa

**Ibn 'Arafa** (Arabic), an haife shi Mohammed ibn Mohammed ibn Arafa al-Warghammi, a cikin 1316 a Tunis kuma ya mutu a cikin 1401 a cikin wannan birni, ya kasance Imam na Tunisian, mafi kyawun wakilin Maliki Islama a zamanin Hafsid . 

Daga asalin Berber daga kudu maso gabashin Tunisia,  yana da ilimin doka, na harshe, na maganganu, na lissafi, da kuma magani wanda ya ba shi damar jagorantar Masallacin Al-Zaytuna da Jami'ar Ez-Zitouna na shekaru da yawa.

Mai kare Maliki Islama, bai yi jinkirin shiga rikici kai tsaye tare da Sufi da yawa na lokacinsa ba yayin da ayyukan addini da na addini da ya gani sun wuce ka'idodin Islama da fahimtar masu aminci. Ya kuma yi rikici da Ibn Khaldun wanda ya yi zargin yana da dalilai marasa addini. Khaldun, bi da bi, ya zargi Ibn Arafa da kishi da shahararsa.

A matsayinsa na masanin tauhidi, Ibn Arafa ya kasance mai tsananin gaske kuma mai tsarki, kuma mutum ne mai iko musamman a Tunisia. Ya kuma kasance marubucin littattafai da yawa kan doka, tauhidin, da tunani. Ana adana irin waɗannan littattafai a Zaytuna, a Tunisia.

A lokacin mutuwarsa a shekara ta 1401, an binne shi a Kabari na Djellaz wanda ke cikin tsohuwar medina na Tunis, wanda aka kiyaye shi a matsayin tsohuwar abin tunawa na tarihi na jihar.

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin Ash'aris da Maturidis

## Manazarta
Ali ibn Ziyad

**Ali ibn Ziyad** at-Tarabulsi al-'Absi (d. 799 AZ) (183 AH) (Arabic: علي بن زياد الطرابلسي العبسي), wanda aka fi sani da shi a cikin ilimin Islama kamar Ali ibn Zeyad ko Imam al-Tara bulsi, ya kasance lauyan Musulmi na Libya na ƙarni na 8 AZ daga Tripoli. Ibn Ziyad ya kasance muhimmin masanin farko na makarantar Maliki na shari'ar Musulunci (fiqh) kuma abokin Imam Malik. Ali ibn Ziyad ne ke da alhakin kawo Muwatta na Imam Malik zuwa Ifriqiya .  Ya mutu a shekara ta 799 AZ kuma an binne shi a cikin ragowar Kabari na Silsila a cikin kwata na Qasba na medina na Tunis (tsohon gari).

## Manazarta
Masallacin Sidi Mahrez

**[[Masallaci]] Sidi Mahrez**, wanda aka fi sani da **Masallacin Mohamed Bey El Mouradi**, masallaci ne a Tunis, Tunisiya . Tarihi ne na tarihi.

## Yanayi
Wannan masallaci yana cikin yankin Madina na birnin.

## Tarihi
Mohamed Bey El Mouradi, ɗan Mourad Bey II ne ya gina shi a cikin 1692 don girmama mai kula da Tunis Sidi Mahrez .

## Tsarinsa
Gine-ginen Ottoman yana da tasiri sosai, yana nuna kamanceceniya da Masallacin Sultan Ahmed II na Istanbul tare da tsakiya mai tsakiya tare da Cupolas da ke zaune a kusurwoyi huɗu na murabba'in zauren addu'a. An shigo da tiles na polychrome daga Iznik (Turkey) don rufe babban bangare na bango a cikin jagorancin Makka da manyan ginshiƙan da ke tallafawa tsakiya na tsakiya.

An gyara ciki na masallacin a cikin shekarun 1960.

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje
Makki ibn Abi Talib al-Qaysi

**Abū Muḥammad Makkī ibn Abī Ṭālib al-Qaysī al-Qayrawānī al-Andalusī al-Qurṭubī** masanin shari'a ne kuma, a cikin kimantawar Angelika Neuwirth, "ɗaya daga cikin farkon kuma mafi kyawun malamai a kimiyyar 化urʾān karatu [...] kuma musamman ka'idar da fasahar karatun [...] a Yammacin Musulmi".

## Rayuwa
An haifi Makkī a al-Qayrawān, a cikin Tunisia ta yanzu, a ranar 23 Shaʿbān 354 AH/25 Agusta 965 AZ. A cewar wasu kafofin, kakannin mahaifinsa Abū Ṭālib shine Ḥammūsh ibn Muḥammad, wanda shi kansa dan Mukhtār ne, amma Angelika Neuwirth ya ɗauki wannan zuriyar a matsayin mai tabbas. An san Makkī da tafiya zuwa gabas don yin karatu a Alkahira, yana mai da hankali kan ilimin harshe, *qirāʾa* (Qurʾān-karatun) da tajwīd (karin); karatunsa a can ya kawo shi cikin hulɗa da manyan malamai, gami da Abū Bakr al-Ud消息 (304-88 AH/916-98CE), da kuma mahaifin da ɗa Abu l-Ṭay ʿAbd al-Munʿim ibn Ghalbūn al-Ḥalabī (d. 389 AH/999 AZ) da Ṭāhir ibn Ghalbūn. Ya yi karatu a Alkahira a lokacin 368-74 AH (978-84 AZ); ya koma al-Qayrawān na tsawon shekaru uku (a lokacin da ya yi karatu tare da lauyoyi al-Qābisī (d. 403/1011) da Ibn Abī Zayd (d. 386/996)); ya shafe 377-79 da 382-83 AH (987-89 da 992-93 AZ) a Alkahora; sannan kuma 387-90 AH (998-1001 AZ) a Makka, inda tare da yake karatu da ḥa rubutawa. Tafiyarsa ta gida ta kai shi ta Urushalima da Alkahira.

Bayan shekaru biyu a al-Qayrawān, Makkī ya tafi al-Andalus, inda ya kwashe rabin rayuwarsa kuma inda ya samar da mafi yawan ayyukansa tamanin ko fiye. Ya isa a cikin 393 AH (1003 AZ) kuma ya fara koyar da karatun Kur'ani a Masjid al-Nukhayla a gundumar ʿAṭṭārīn ta Cordova. A cewar Angelika Neuwirth, "yafi yawa saboda shi ne cewa sabon ci gaba a cikin karatun karatu wanda ke da alaƙa da Bag̲h̲dādī *Imām al-ḳurrāʾ*, Ibn Mud̲j̲hid (d. 324/936 [...]) ya bazu nan da nan ta hanyar Aleppo da Alkahira zuwa Spain". Makkī ya rike mukamai daban-daban na addini da koyarwa a Cordova har zuwa mutuwarsa a birnin a ranar 2 Muḥarram 437 AH (21 ga Yuli 1045 AZ). 

## Ayyuka
Al-Makkī ya rubuta littattafai sama da tamanin, ciki har da *Kitab al-Tadhkira fi l-qirāʾāt*, wanda koyarwar Ṭāhir ibn Ghalbūn ta rinjayi shi; *Kitāb al-Tabṣira;* *Kitāb al-Kashf*; Kitāb Mushkil gharīb al-Qurʾān; Kitāb mushkil iʿrāb al-Qurʿān, da Kitāb al -Kashf ʿan wujūh al-ḳirāʾāt al-sabʿ . Ya rubuta cikakkiyar sharhi game da Alkur'ani; an yi imanin cewa wannan ya ɓace, amma al-Īḍāḥ li-nāsikh al-Qur'ani wa-mansūkhih, wani rubutu game da "matsalar *[[Tafsiri|tafsir]]* ta musamman ta ayoyin da aka soke". 

## Manazarta
Ahmad al-Manjur

Abu al-Abbas Ahmad bn Ali al-Manjur al-Miknasi al-Fasi (Larabci: أحمد المنجور; 1520–1587, an haife shi kuma ya rasu a Fes) malamin Maghrebi ne mai ilimin tauhidi da shari'a kuma fitaccen malami a jami'ar Qarawiyyin[1]. An san shi ya karantar da kadis a garuruwa da dama da ke kasar Maroko a yanzu. A tsakanin shekara ta 1579 zuwa 1585 ya shafe lokaci mai tsawo a Marrakesh, inda ya koyar da sarkin Saadi Ahmad al-Mansur[2]. Shi ne marubucin tafsirin tauhidi, musamman ma fahrasa (asusun aikinsa na ilimi) ya shahara sosai[3]. Shi ne mahaifin fitaccen marubuci Ahmad Ibn al-Qadi.[4][5]

## Manazarta


## Dubi kuma

* Ibn Jalal Tilimsani
* Jerin Ash'aris
Abu al-Hassan Ali ibn Mohammed al-Zarwili

**Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Abd al-Haqq al-Yalisuti az-Zarwili** (Arabic) wanda aka fi sani da **al-Sughayyir** (ya mutu 1319 a Fez) ya kasance qadi na Taza kuma daga baya qadi na Fez .  Ya fito ne daga asalin Berber. Al-Zarwili ya rubuta sharhi na kundin 12 (*Sharh al-*Mudawwana**) a kan Mudawwana ta Sahnun ibn Said kuma mutanen zamaninsa sun dauke shi "qutb" (axis na shekarunsa).

## Manazarta
Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani

**Ibn Abī Zayd** (Arabic; 922-996), cikakken **Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn Abī Zayd ʿAbda al-Raḥmān al-Nafzawī ibn Abī Jayd al-Qayrawanī**,  masanin Maliki ne daga Kairouan a Tunisiya kuma ya kasance mai goyon bayan tunanin Ash'ari  Ayyukan da aka fi sani da shi shine *Al-Risala* ko Wasika, littafi mai koyarwa wanda aka sadaukar da shi ga ilimin yara ƙanana. Ya kasance memba na kabilar Nafzawah Berber kuma yana zaune a Kairouan . Bugu da kari, ya yi aiki a matsayin Imam (shugaban ruhaniya) na daya daga cikin Masallatai 'wanda ya bi al'adar Makarantar Maliki.

## Ka'idar

Kasancewa a makarantar Ash, Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani (310-386) ya yi karatu a karkashin Abu Bakr ibn Abd al-Mu'min, wanda shi ma dalibi ne na Ibn Mujahid, dalibi ne ya zama Abu al-Hasan al-Ash. Qadi Iyad ya bayyana cewa a cikin 368, Ibn Abi Zayd ya aika da ɗalibansa biyu don su kai wasu littattafansa ga Ibn Mujahid, wanda ya nemi su, tare da cikakken izini don ba da labari (ijaza).

Ibn Abi Zayd ya yi fice wajen kare makarantar Ash Chanin a cikin wasikar da ake kira "Al-Radd Chanin al-Qadariyya wa Munaqada Risala al-Baghdadi al-Mu Chanin," a kin amincewa da hare-haren da aka yi wa Mu Chanin Ali Chanin. Al-Mayurqi ya ci gaba da ba da labarin cewa Ibn Abi Zayd ya ce: "Al-Ash__wol____wol____wol__ mutum ne sananne don karyata mutanen Innovation, Qadariyya da Jahmiyya, kuma ya riƙe Sunan. "

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin Ash'aris
* Al-Risalah al-Fiqhiyyah

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* islaam.org.uk "Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qairawani (d.386H) ", na Hassan Ahmad, daga ''Mujallar al-Jumuah'', Volume 12 Fitowa 9 (an dawo da shi Satumba 12, 2008) 
*
Makhluf al-Balbali

Makhlūf bn Ali ibn Sāliḥ al-Balbālī (Larabci: مخلوف بن علي بن صالح البلبالي; ya rasu bayan shekara ta 1533) malamin Islama ne na Arewa da Yammacin Afirka. Ya fito ne daga yankin Tabelbala. Bayan ya yi kuruciyarsa a harkar kasuwanci, ya yi karatu a Walata da Maroko, sannan ya tafi Afirka ta Yamma don koyarwa a Kano, Katsina, da Timbuktu, daga karshe ya dawo koyarwa a Marrakesh. A lokacin da yake birnin Marrakesh ya yi rashin lafiya ya koma Tabelbala ya rasu bayan shekara ta 940 bayan hijira (1533/4.) Daga cikin fatawowin da ya tsira akwai hukuncin da bayin da suka samo asali daga kasashen musulmi tabbatattu suke da hakkin 'yanci[1].

## Manazarta
Sidi Mahrez

**Sidi Mahrez ben Khalaf** ko **Abu Mohamed Mahrez ben Khalaf ben Zayn** (Arabic; 951-1022) ya kasance Wali na Tunis, masanin makarantar shari'a ta Maliki kuma Qadi . An dauke shi a matsayin mai kula da birnin Tunis.

## Rayuwa
An haife shi a Ariana ga mahaifin asalin Larabawa wanda ya gano zuriyarsa zuwa Abu Bakr .  Ya yi karatu a Kairouan sannan kuma a Fatimid-Masar kuma ya zama malamin shari'ar Maliki bayan dawowarsa. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 57, ya bar garinsu (Ariana) kuma ya shiga ɓoye a Carthage. A cikin c. 1014 ya zauna a Tunis, a cikin wani gida a Bab Souika, wanda zai zama kabarinsa kuma daga baya Masallacin Sidi Mahrez.

Ya ba da shawarar ga malaminsa Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani (922 - 996 AZ) don rubuta littafin ilimi na aqidah da fiqh, kuma an ƙaddamar da shawararsa a ƙarƙashin taken *[[Al-Risalah (Ibn Abi Zayd)|Risala fiqhiya]]* . 

## Dubi kuma

* Abu Imran al-Fasi

## Manazarta
Rummaniyeh

**Rummaniyeh** abincin Larabawa ne da aka yi da lentil da ruwan rumman . Asalinsa ya samo asali ne tun aƙalla ƙarni na 10. 

## Asalin Ma'anar
 () yana nufin grenade a cikin Larabci. Kalmar *rummaniyeh* (kuma an rubuta *rummaniyya*) tana fassara zuwa "pomegranatey".  

## Tarihi

A lokacin mulkin Abbasiyawa, ana amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu da yawa don yin miya mai tsami da miya. Abincin da aka yi da *rumman* (rumman) ana kiransa *rummaniyyat* ko kuma wani lokacin *narbajat* . 

Rummaniya ta bayyana tare da *sumāqiyya* a cikin littattafan girki da dama na Turai tsakanin ƙarni na 13 da 15, inda aka mayar da sunansa *Romaniyanci* .  Dukansu sun bayyana a cikin *Tacuinum Sanitatis*, fassarar littafin magani na likitan Abbas na ƙarni na 11, Ibn Butlan, saboda an yi imanin cewa suna da kaddarorin magani.

Rummaniyyeh ya kuma bayyana a cikin fassarar littattafan girkin Larabci na Turkiyya na Ottoman, kamar  da marubucin Ottoman  .  

*Rummaniyeh* abinci ne mai shahara a tsakanin Falasdinawa a yankunan bakin teku a birane kamar Jaffa, Ramla, da Lod . Korar Falasdinawa da ƙaura a shekarar 1948 ya shahara a tsakanin al'ummomin 'yan gudun hijira a Zirin Gaza.    A lokacin yakin Gaza, an maye gurbin ruwan rumman da sumac bayan an lalata bishiyoyin rumman a yankin.   

## Zamani
*Rummaniyeh* abinci ne mai matuƙar amfani a cikin abincin Falasɗinu, inda ake yin sa a matsayin miyar lentil, tahini, eggplant, ruwan rumman da molasses na rumman, wanda aka ɗora da faski da rumman tsaba a kai kuma ana ci da shi kamar ko da burodi. A yankin Gaza, ana dafa shi a cikin manyan tukwane na jama'a kuma ana raba shi ga 'yan uwa da maƙwabta.  Sigar Gazan kuma tana ƙara ja tahini (wanda aka yi da tsaban sesame da aka gasa) da tsaban dill  

Wasu bambance-bambancen Aleppan na kibbeh ana yin su zuwa *rummaniyeh* tare da ruwan rumman.  

## Manazarta
Shiraz da kuma

Shiraz Naval__yue____yue____yan____yue__  (an haife shi a ranar 2 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1972)   masanin kimiyyar lissafi ne kuma masanin ilimin kirtani. Shi memba ne na malamai a Sashen Physics na Theoretical a Cibiyar Nazarin Tushen Tata, Mumbai .  Kafin matsayinsa na yanzu, Pentecostal ya kasance Harvard Junior Fellow kuma daga baya mataimakin farfesa a Jami'ar Harvard.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haife shi a Mumbai, Maharashtra, Indiya, a shekarar 1972, ga uba ɗan Parsi Zoroastrian (Naval) da kuma uwa Musulma 'yar Bohra (Khadija), Minwalla ya kammala karatunsa daga Makarantar Campion, Mumbai a shekarar 1988 sannan ya kammala Kwalejin Fasaha ta Indiya Kanpur a shekarar 1995. Daga baya ya koma Jami'ar Princeton don samun digirin digirgir na uku a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Nathan Seiberg. 

## Kyaututtuka
An ba Minwalla kyautar Swarnajayanti Fellowship 2005–06 daga Ma'aikatar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Gwamnatin Indiya. An ba shi kyautar ICTP a shekarar 2010 da kuma kyautar Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar don Kimiyya da Fasaha, babbar kyautar kimiyya a Indiya, a fannin kimiyyar zahiri a shekarar 2011.

An ba shi lambar yabo ta Infosys 2013 a fagen Kimiyya ta jiki ta Gidauniyar Kimiyya ta Infosy .  An ba da kyautar New Horizons in Physics ta 2014 ta hanyar Kyautar Physics ta asali don "tallafin da ya bayar ga nazarin ka'idar kirtani da ka'idar filin lissafi; kuma musamman aikinsa kan haɗin tsakanin daidaitattun ruwa da daidaitattun Albert Einstein na daidaitattun daidaitattun ma'auni. "   A cikin 2016, Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Duniya ta ba shi Kyautar TWAS a cikin Physics.

## Shahararren gudummawa ga fagen

* Binciken masu aiki na farko akan AdS4 da AdS7
* Ayyuka uku a cikin N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills ka'idar da AdS / CFT
* Noncommutative perturbative dynamics (tare da Nathan Seiberg da Mark Van Raamsdonk) 
* solitons marasa sauyawa (tare da Andrew Strominger da Rajesh Gopakumar) 
* OM-ka'idar (tare da Nathan Seiberg, Andrew Strominger da Rajesh Gopakumar) 
* Ma'amala mai laushi a cikin p-waves
* Wasu fahimta game da tarwatsawar tachyonRashin ruwa na tachyon
* Dualities a cikin supersymmetric gauge theories, musamman Chern-Simons-matter theories
* Rubuce-rubucen ruwa-mai nauyi, haɗin tsakanin hydrodynamics da AdS / CFT.  (tare da Sayantani Bhattacharyya) 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Shiraz__yue____yue____yan____yue__ yana zaune a Mumbai tare da matarsa da 'ya'yansu biyu.

## Ayyukan da aka zaɓa

* 

## Bayanan da aka ambata

## Haɗin waje

* 
* Labaran Shiraz__wol____wol____wol__ a cikin bayanan INSPIRE-HEP
Wahida

**Wahid** ko **Waheeda** (Arabic) sunan mace ne na Larabci, nau'in mata na Wahid ko Waheed, wanda ya ke nufin na musamman".   Shahararrun mutane da aka fi sani dasu hada da:

* Um Hanadi (sunan gaskiya Wahida Mohamed al-Jumaily; an haife shi a shekara ta 1978), mayakan Iraqi kuma kwamandan
* Wahida al-Khalidi, mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata na Palasdinawa
* Waheeda Akhtar (an haife shi a shekara ta 1995), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Pakistan
* Wahida Amiri, mai kula da ɗakin karatu na Afghanistan kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata
* Wahida Clark, marubucin Amurka
* Wahida Faizi (an haife shi a shekara ta 1994), ɗan jaridar Afghanistan
* Ferdous Akhter Wahida, ɗan siyasan Bangladesh
* Wahida Dridi, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Tunisia
* Wahida Mollick Jolly, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Bangladesh
* Wahida Prism Khan (an haife shi a shekara ta 1972), likitan jirgin ruwa na Indiya
* Waheeda Naseem (1927-1996), marubuci da marubucin Pakistan
* Waheeda Rehman (an haife ta a shekara ta 1938), 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Indiya
* Syeda Wahida Sabrina (an haife ta a shekara ta 2000), 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Bangladesh

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Aminu Abdullahi Alkali

**Aminu Abdullahi Alkali** (an haife shi a ranar 3 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1961) ɗan siyasa Najeriya ne kuma tsohon Ma'aikacin gwamnati wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Gwamna na Jihar Taraba tun daga ranar 29 ga watan Mayu shekara ta 2023.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
Alkali ya fito ne daga karamar hukumar Zing a jihar Taraba. Ya fara karatunsa na farko a makarantar firamare ta St. Thomas, Zing, inda ya sami takardar shaidar barin makarantar farko a shekara ta 1974. Ya ci gaba zuwa Makarantar Sakandare ta Gwamnati, Jalingo, inda ya kammala karatun sakandare a shekara ta 1979. 

A shekara ta 1982, ya sami difloma na kasa (OND) daga Kwalejin Aikin Gona, Jalingo . Shekaru biyu bayan haka (1986), ya sami Digiri na Kasa (HND) a cikin Gudanar da Noma daga Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello (ABU), Zaria . Daga baya ya sami difloma mai zurfi a cikin Gudanar da Jama'a (1993) daga ABU-Kongo Zaria, da kuma difloma na digiri na biyu a cikin Gudun Jama'a daga Adamawa State Polytechnic a shekara ta 2009.

Ayyukan gwamnati da aiki kafin siyasa Alkali ya fara aikin gwamnati a 1979 tare da karamar hukuma ta Zing (sa'an nan kuma wani ɓangare na Jihar Gongola). A cikin shekaru, ya yi aiki a wurare daban-daban a duk yankuna goma sha shida na karamar hukuma na Jihar Taraba, ya tashi ya zama Darakta na Aikin Gona da albarkatun kasa a cikin ma'aikatar karamar hukuka ta jihar. A lokacin hidimarsa, ya shiga cikin shirye-shiryen ci gaban karkara, gami da kafa gonaki na kananan hukumomi da kungiyoyin manoma na matasa, da nufin karfafa samar da aikin gona da karfafawa a fadin jihar.

## Ayyukan siyasa
Alkali ya shiga siyasa a karkashin tutar Jam'iyyar Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). A cikin zaben gwamna na Jihar Taraba na 2023, an zaba shi a matsayin abokin takarar dan takarar gwamna Agbu Kefas . Tikitin ya lashe zaben kuma an rantsar da shi a ranar 29 ga Mayu 2023.

A matsayinsa na Mataimakin Gwamna, Alkali yana da alhakin doka a matsayin jami'in zartarwa na biyu na Jihar Taraba. An ruwaito cewa fayil dinsa ya hada da ci gaban karkara da na kasa, kula da kiwon lafiya na farko, da daidaita manufofin noma na kananan hukumomi.

Kalubale na kiwon lafiya da komawa ofis A ƙarshen 2024, an ruwaito Alkali ya tafi hutun likita a kasashen waje, wanda ya haifar da hasashe game da yiwuwar maye gurbin. Koyaya, gwamnatin jihar ta bayyana cewa ba a fara wani tsari na maye gurbin ba, kuma ta tabbatar da cewa Alkali ya kasance Mataimakin Gwamna da aka zaba. 

Ya koma babban birnin jihar, Jalingo, a watan Agustan 2025 kuma ya ci gaba da ayyukan hukuma.

## Duba kuma

* Mataimakin gwamnonin Jihar Taraba
* Majalisar zartarwa ta Jihar Taraba

## Manazarta
Obagaji

**Obagaji** wani gari ne kuma hedkwatar karamar hukumar Agatu, Jihar Benue, Najeriya.

## Yanayi / yanayin ƙasa
Daga Fabrairu 4 zuwa Afrilu 17, lokacin zafi, wanda ke da matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun wanda ya wuce 93 ° F, yana da tsawon watanni 2.4. Tare da matsakaicin 95 ° F da ƙasa na 75 ° F, Maris shine watan da ya fi zafi a shekara a Obagaji.

Lokacin sanyi na watanni 4.0, wanda ke gudana daga Yuni 22 zuwa Oktoba 24, yana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun na kasa da 86 ° F. Tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin 65 ° F da kuma sama da 88 ° F, Disamba shine watan da ya fi sanyi a shekara a Obagaji.

Kullum yana tashi a kusa da 84 ° F, da wuya ya sauka ƙasa da 81 ° F ko ya tashi sama da 87 ° F. A ranar 18 ga watan Agusta, matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun yana mafi ƙasƙanci, 84 ° F.

Rashin sauka na yau da kullun yana motsawa a kusa da 73 ° F, da wuya ya sauka ƙasa da 71 ° F ko ya tashi sama da 74 ° F. A ranar 8 ga watan Agusta, matsakaicin matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun shine 73 ° F.

A cikin Obagaji, yanayin zafi yawanci ya bambanta daga 75 ° F zuwa 95 ° F a ranar 16 ga Maris, ranar da ta fi zafi a shekara, kuma daga 64 ° F zuwa 89 ° F a mokolo 31 ga Disamba, ranar da aka fi sanyi a shekara.

## Manazarta
Ibn Khamis al-Tilimsani

**Ibn Khamis** (c. 1246-1309) ya kasance sanannen mawaki na ƙarni na 13, masanin. An haife shi a Tlemcen" id="mwBw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kingdom of Tlemcen">Zayyanid Tlemcen kuma ya yi iƙirarin zuriyar Yemen Himyarite. Ya girma ne a cikin iyali mai tawali'u. An kashe shi a Granada" id="mwCg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Emirate of Granada">Nasrid Granada . 

## Dubi kuma

* Ibn Hadiyya al-Tilmisani

## Manazarta

### Bayani

### Bayanan littattafai

*
Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Khazraji

**MuḥammAD ibn Ibrāhīm al-Khazrajī** (ya mutu 1258 AD [ ]),  wanda aka fi sani da **Ibn al-Khazrajī**,  masanin Larabawa ne kuma masanin tarihi na marigayi Ayyubid. Wani memba na Banū Khazraj kuma ɗan asalin Tlemcen, ya koyar da ḥadīth a Iskandariya. Ayyukansa, wanda ya tsira ne kawai a wani bangare, ya dogara ne da na Sibt ibn al-Jawzi. An san shi da taken *Taʾrīkh al-Dawlat al-Akrād wal-Atrāk* ("Tarihin Daular Kurdawa da Turkiyya").  An shirya shi a kowace shekara kuma a kowace shekara wani fitaccen lauya, mawaki ko makamancin haka wanda ya mutu a wannan shekarar ana yin bikin tare da labarai. A cikin sassanta masu zaman kansu, tushe ne mai mahimmanci na tarihin Ayyubid.   Ana iya samunsa a cikin rubutun Süleymaniye Kütüphanesi, MS Hekimoğlu Ali Paşa 695. 

## Littattafai

* Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi al-Fawaris Abd al-Aziz al-Ansari al-Khazraji, *Tarihin Daular Kurdawa da Turkiyya (1176-1200) *. Fassarar Turanci daga Larabci tare da bayanin Fahmy Hafez. Ph.D. rubutun, Jami'ar Melbourne, 1985.

## Bayani

## Bayanan littattafai
Mehmet Emin Tokadi

**Mehmet Emin Tokadi** (cikakken *Mehmed Emin bin Hasan bin Omar Nakkash Tokadi*; 1664-1745) ɗan ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da Aziz Mahmud Amawi ya yi. An haife shi a Tokat, a zamanin Ottoman, ya mutu a Istanbul . 

An kira shi Jemaleddin, an san shi da Abul-Amana da Abu-Mansur. Yana daya daga cikin sanannun tsarkaka Sufi na Istanbul kuma ya rubuta littattafai da yawa a Larabci, Turkiyya, da Farisa. Horarwarsa ta haɗa da hanyoyin Naqshbandi, Qadiri, Shadhili, da Shettari. Bugu da kari, ya kasance mai rubutun kalmomi kuma masanin hadisi, Muhaddith . 

Kabarinsa yana cikin Masallacin Soğukkuyu Piri Mehmed Pasha da makabartar medrese a Unkapanı, Istanbul, a kan hanyar zuwa Bozdoğan Kemeri (Roman aqueduct). 

## Manazarta
Hoca Sadeddin Efendi

**[[Khawaja|Hoca]] Sadeddin Efendi** (Ottoman_Turkish_language" id="mwDA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ottoman Turkish language" typeof="mw:Transclusion">Ottoman Turkish; 1536/1537 - 2 ga Oktoba, 1599 ) masanin addinin Musulunci ne na Ottoman, masanin tauhidi, jami'i, kuma masanin tarihi, malami ne na Sultan Murad III na gaba. Ana iya rubuta sunansa daban-daban, misali Sa*Sa'd ad-Din*'d al-Din, sa*Sa'düddin* wasu. An kuma kira shi da taken "Câmi'-ür Riyâseteyn".

Lokacin da Murad ya zama Sultan, Sadeddin ya zama mai ba shi shawara. Daga baya ya fadi daga tagomashi, amma an nada shi Shaykh al-Islām, babban iko a cikin batutuwan Islama.

Sadeddin shine marubucin Tâc Trip-Tevârîh (Tadj ut-Tewarikh, "Crown of Histories"), tarihin Daular Ottoman a cikin layi da aya.

Yana da aƙalla 'ya'ya maza biyar: Mehmed Efendi (ya mutu 1615), Esad Efendi, Mesud Efendi. 

## Littattafai

* Hoca Sadeddin Efendi, *Tâcü't-tevârih*. Abin baƙin ciki. İsmet Parmaksızoğlu, sata. 1-5, Kültür Bakanlığı, AAnkara 1974-1979 sake bugawa: 19999.  ("Sad". yana nufin S*Sadelestiren* "sauƙaƙewa") Vol. 1: Osman Gazi, Orhan Gazi, Hüdevendigar Gazi ve Yıldırım Han Devirleri. Fashewa. 2: Yıldırım Han'dan Fatih Sultan Mehmed'e. Fashewa. 3: Fatih Sultan Mehmed ve İkinci Beyazid Dönemi . Fashewa. 4: Şehzadelerin Girişimleri - Selimname ve Yavuz Sultan Selim Dönemi . Fashewa. 5: Ƙiyayya. Orijinal karton kapak政治.
** Fashewa. 1: Osman Gazi, Orhan Gazi, Hüdevendigar Gazi ve Yıldırım Han Devirleri.
** Fashewa. 2: Yıldırım Han'dan Fatih Sultan Mehmed'e.
** Fashewa. 3: Fatih Sultan Mehmed ve İkinci Beyazid Dönemi .
** Fashewa. 4: Şehzadelerin Girişimleri - Selimname ve Yavuz Sultan Selim Dönemi .
** Fashewa. 5: Ƙiyayya. Orijinal karton kapak政治.
* Saad ed-dini scriptoris turci *Annales turcici usque ad Muradem I cum textu turcico impressi.*. An fassara shi zuwa Latin, Adam F. Kollár ne ya gyara shi kuma ya rubuta shi. Vienna: 1755.
* Fassarar Bulgarian: Kalicin, Maria. Sarauniyar a kan mai ba da labari a kan Hodeja Sadin. Fassara. na Vol. 1. daga Osman Turkish; bincike da sharhi. [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] "Abaghar" ("Abagar"), 2000, 437 s,  

## Tushen
Fahreddin-i Acemi

Fahreddin-i Acemi ko Fahreddin Acemî ko Molla Fakhr al-Dīn al-’Ajamī[1] malamin Islama ne na Ottoman na ƙarni na 15 kuma Shaykh al-Islam.

Akwai karancin bayani game da rayuwar Fahreddin. Sunan da aka ba shi na iya zama Ibrahim Razi .  Ya yi karatu, watakila a ƙarƙashin Seyyid Şerif, a ƙasar Acem ko Ajam (ƙasar da ke magana da Farisa), don haka nisba **Acemî** ko **<nowiki/>'Ajamī** . 

Fahreddin ya zo daular Usmaniyya watakila a zamanin Mehmed I. A wani lokaci ya zo Bursa ya zama muid (mataimakin koyarwa) na Mehmed Şah (dan Molla Fenari) a Madrasa Sultan (madrasa na Mehmed I). Ya karbi lasisinsa na hadisi daga Burhaneddin Haydar Herevi. A wani lokaci, ya zama mufti, mai yiwuwa a zamanin mulkin Murad II, mai yiwuwa a cikin 1431 ko 1440-41 (amma bai wuce 1444 ba).[1]

A matsayinsa na mufti, an ce Fahreddin ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rage tasirin Hurufi a Daular Ottoman. Wataƙila a cikin shekara ta 1444, wani Hurufi, mai yiwuwa Ali ul Ala, da alama ya zama mai tasiri tare da Sultan Mehmed II. Lokacin da wani vizier mai suna Mahmud (watakila Kassabzade Mahmud Bey ko Grand Vezir Mahmud Paşa) ya nuna damuwarsa ga Fahreddin, sun tsara wani shiri don magance barazanar orthodoxy. Fahreddin ya ɓoye kansa a wani wuri inda Hurufi da mabiyansa za su yi magana - ko dai fadar sultan ko gidan Mahmud Pasha - don ya ji ra'ayoyinsu ga kansa. Bayan sauraron, Fahreddin ya fito daga ɓoye, ya gaya musu kuskuren su, sannan ya hukunta su da tsanani a gaban sultan. Fahreddin ya tafi Masallacin Üç Şerefeli, inda ya yi muhawara da Hurufis a gaban jama'a ko ya yi wa'azi a kansu daga Minbar na masallacin. Ya ba da fatwa yana kira ga mutuwarsu ta hanyar ƙonewa. An ce yana da sha'awar yin amfani da harshen wuta har gemu ya kama wuta.[2][3]

Wataƙila Fahreddin ya koyar a Madrasa ta Dârülhadîs da ke Edirne. Kila dalibansa sun hada da Hocazade, kuma Molla Arab na iya zama muid dinsa[1].

Fahreddin ya gina ƙaramin Masallaci (mescit) da madrasa a Edirne. Babu wani abu da ya wanzu a yanzu.

Fahreddin ya mutu watakila a cikin 1460-61, watakila a 1465-66, ko watakila a ranar 20 ga Disamba, 1468.  An binne shi a waje da mihrab na Masallacin Dârülhadîs a Edirne . 

## Manazarta
Süleyman Çelebi (mai waka)

Süleyman Çelebi (c. 1351 – 1422 CE) (lafazi: Sulaiman Chalabi), limamin babban masallacin Bursa a lokacin daular Usmaniyya, malamin sufi ne kuma marubuci wanda kawai sanannen aikinsa shi ne Wasilat al-Najat. Wanda aka fi sani da Mevlidi Sherif - Süleyman Çelebi, shi ne na farko kuma mafi shahara a cikin maulidin da Turkiyya ta rubuta kan maulidin fiyayyen halitta Annabi Muhammad. . An haifi Chalabi a wani lokaci tsakanin 1346-1351 kuma ya rasu a shekara ta 1422 Miladiyya[1].

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haife shi a zamanin Orhan Gazi . A cewar wasu kafofin, shi dan Ahmed Pasha ne, daya daga cikin viziers na Ottoman Sultan Murad I, kuma jikan Sheikh Mahmud Efendi. Kakansa, wanda aka fi sani da Mahmud Bey, jikan Sheikh Edebali ne kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka tashi zuwa Rumeriya a cikin 1338 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Süleyman Pasha, ɗan Orhan .

Ya sami ilimi mai kyau a Bursa a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa. A wannan lokacin, an ba da taken "Çelebi" ga malamai da dattawa na Dokar Mevlevi. Koyaya, babu wata shaida cewa shi Mevlevi ne. Ya ja hankalin Sultan Bayezid I tare da halin da yake da shi kuma an nada shi a matsayin imam na Babban Masallacin, wanda aka kammala gininsa a 1399. Ya rubuta sanannen aikinsa *Vesiletü'n Necat* saboda kwarewar da ya samu a lokacin wannan aikin ya rinjayi shi.

A cewar labari, Süleyman Çelebi ya yi fushi da wani mai wa'azi na Iran wanda ya ce Muhammadu bai bambanta da sauran annabawa ba kuma ya rubuta mawlid dinsa don bayyana cewa ya fi sauran annabawa. A lokacin Ottoman Interregnum, wanda ya kasance wani rauni na Daular Ottoman kuma kowane irin rikici ya kasance a cikin ƙasashen Anatolian, Süleyman Çelebi ya kasance a gefen Ahl as-Sunnah a cikin rikici tsakanin ra'ayoyin Batiniyya da Sunnis. Saboda wannan dalili, an bayyana cewa daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa aka rubuta mawlid shine don tallafawa mabiyan Ahl as-Sunnah. Ya kammala aikinsa a cikin 1409 (kimanin yana da shekaru 60). Yayinda yake rubuta aikinsa, ayyukan da ya yi nuni sun ƙaddara su zama Garibname na Âşık Pasha, **Siyer*<nowiki/>'n Nebi* na Erzurumlu Darir, Siyer na Eb'ul Hasan Bekri da *Fusus* na Muhyiddin Ibn al-Arabi.

Kabarin Süleyman Çelebi yana kan hanyar Çekirge a Bursa .

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin matani na Mawlid na Turkiyya

## Bayani

* 
* 
* 
* 

## Manazarta