Canjin yanayi a Guatemala

**Canjin yanayi a [[Guatemala (ƙasa)|Guatemala]]** babban lamari ne saboda ana ɗaukar Guatemala ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe 10 da suka fi fuskantar tasirin canjin yanayi. A cikin shekara ta 2010, Guatemala "ta kasance ta biyu a duniya a kan Global Climate Risk Index, wanda ke nuna matakin fallasawa da rauni ga matsanancin abubuwan da suka faru. "  Dukkanin samar da aikin gona na kasuwanci da aikin gona sun ragu, kuma ta haka ne manoma masu cin abinci sun sami wahalar samun aiki a matsayin ma'aikatan rana lokacin da amfanin gonar su ya gaza. Kimanin manoma 300,000 sun ba da rahoton asarar amfanin gona saboda fari a cikin 2018. Kimanin rabin ma'aikatan Guatemala suna cikin bangaren noma. An gano amfanin gona mara kyau saboda canjin yanayi a matsayin abin da ke haifar da ƙaura zuwa Amurka.

## Rashin iskar gas
"Guatemala ta fitar da tan miliyan 40 (MtCO2e) na iskar gas a cikin 2011, tare da canjin amfani da ƙasa da sashin gandun daji yana ba da gudummawa kashi 40 cikin dari ga hayakin gaba ɗaya. Iskar gas ta karu da kashi 38 cikin dari daga 1990 - 2011 tare da gudummawar gudummawa mai mahimmanci daga canjin amfani na ƙasa da gandun daji, makamashi da bangarorin noma. "

## Tasirin yanayi

### Yanayin zafi da sauye-sauyen yanayi
 
Wani rahoto daga tsarin kimiyyar canjin yanayi na Guatemala a cikin 2019 ya nuna cewa lokacin ruwan sama yana farawa daga baya sakamakon canjin yanayi, yana sanya manoma da 'yan asalin ƙasar a cikin al'ummomin matalauta cikin haɗarin karancin abinci sakamakon amfanin gona mara kyau.

### Tsarin halittu
Populations of Guatemala's edible giant winged leaf-cutter ant are declining. "Guatemala's *zompopos*, yellow ants, of May are now the *zompopos* of June," according to Dr. Edwin Castellanos, of the Universidad del Valle de Guatemala*.*

## Tasirin da aka yi wa mutane

### Tasirin Tattalin Arziki

#### Aikin noma
Manoma na Guatemala sun fuskanci matsanancin yanayi kamar guguwa, da kuma yanayin yanayi mara kyau tare da spikes da saukowa a cikin zafin jiki, ruwan sama mai yawa, fari, da sanyi ba zato ba tsammani. Ɗaya daga cikin amfanin gona da ya shafa dankali ne, wanda ke fama da fungus.

Yankunan yammacin Guatemala suna da saukin kamuwa da canjin yanayi, suna tasiri ga yawan mutanen da ke cikin yankin na manoma masu cin gashin kansu. Babban amfanin gona, dankali da masara, sun kasance a kan karuwar matsin lamba yayin da sanyi mai tsanani a yankin ya zama mafi yawa tun 2013. Tsuntsaye masu tsananin sanyi na iya kashe amfanin gona na tsawon lokaci guda. A ƙananan tsaunuka, sabbin kwari suna zama masu yawa kuma an rage ruwan sama 

Matsalar Tsaro na abinci da yunwa sun karu, musamman a cikin "corredor seco" (wani yanki wanda ya kai daga sassan Izabal da Baja Verapaz a arewa zuwa Santa Rosa da Jutiapa a kudu). 

Sauran amfanin gona da abin ya shafa sun haɗa da kofi  da cardamom.

### Tasirin da ke tattare da ƙaura
A cikin 2018, kashi 50% na 94,000 Guatemalans da aka fitar daga Amurka da Mexico sun fito ne daga tsaunuka na yammacin kasar da sauyin yanayi ya shafa sosai.

A cikin 2019, Palm Beach County, Florida ta ga karuwar baƙi na Guatemala daga "Dry corridor", suna neman tserewa daga yunwa da aka haifar da lokacin fari ya biyo bayan ruwan sama mai yawa wanda ya shafi amfanin gonar su.

## Manazarta