Louise Meriwether

**Louise Meriwether** (8 ga Mayu, 1923 - 10 ga Oktoba, 2023) marubuciya ce 'yar Amurka, marubuciya, 'yar jarida kuma mai fafutuka, haka kuma marubuciya ce a tarihin rayuwar 'yan Afirka 'yan Amurka masu muhimmanci a tarihi ga yara. An fi saninta da littafinta na farko, *Daddy Was a Number Runner* (1970), wanda ya yi amfani da tarihin rayuwarta game da girma a Harlem, birnin New York, a lokacin Matsi da kuma lokacin da aka yi bayan Harlem Renaissance .

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haife ta a Haverstraw, New York, ga Marion Lloyd Jenkins da Julia Jenkins. Bayan faduwar kasuwar hannayen jari a watan Oktoban 1929, iyayenta sun yi ƙaura zuwa arewa don neman aiki, daga South Carolina, inda mahaifinta mai zane ne kuma mai yin bulo, mahaifiyarta kuma tana aiki a matsayin mai gida. [1] Meriwether ta girma a Harlem a lokacin Babban Mawuyacin Halin Kunci, 'ya mace ɗaya tilo kuma ta uku cikin 'ya'ya biyar.

Meriwether ta kammala karatunta daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Central Commercial da ke Manhattan, sannan, yayin da take aiki a matsayin sakatare, ta yi karatu da daddare don samun digirin BA a Turanci daga Jami'ar New York .  Ta ci gaba da samun digirin MA a fannin aikin jarida a shekarar 1965 daga Jami'ar California, Los Angeles, inda ta ƙaura tare da mijinta na farko, Angelo Meriwether, malamar Los Angeles. Duk da cewa wannan auren, da kuma aurenta na biyu da Earle Howe, ya ƙare da saki, ta ci gaba da amfani da sunan Meriwether. Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto mai zaman kansa (1961–64) ga *Los Angeles Sentinel* da kuma mai sharhi kan labaran baƙar fata (1965–67) ga Universal Studios,  mace baƙar fata ta farko da aka ɗauke ta aiki a matsayin editan labarai a Hollywood .   Yayin da take zaune a Los Angeles, tana aiki tare da Watts Writers Workshop, an nemi Meriwether ta zama babban edita na wata sabuwar mujallar mata baƙaƙe mai suna *Essence* amma ta ƙi, tana mai cewa ta fi son rubuta musu labarinta mai suna "Baƙar fata, Shin Kana Sona?" wanda ya fito a matsayin labarin murfin mujallar a watan Mayun 1970. 

## Ƙungiyoyin fafutuka
Meriwether ta shafe shekaru tana da hannu a cikin ƙungiyoyi daban-daban na baƙar fata, ciki har da kafa ƙungiyar, tare da John Henrik Clarke, na ƙungiyar masu adawa da wariyar launin fata ta Black Concern (wanda asali ake kira Committee of Concerned Blacks),   Harlem Writers Guild,  da kuma (tare da Vantile Whitfield ) ƙungiyar Black Anti-Defamation Association (BADA; wanda kuma aka sani da Association to End Defamation of Black People)  wanda aka kafa don hana furodusa David L. Wolper na Twentieth Century Fox yin fim na littafin William Styron mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce na 1967 mai suna *The Confessions of Nat Turner*, wanda ya yi wa tarihin Baƙar fata-Amurka mummunar fassara.     Ta kasance mai himma a cikin ƙungiyar zaman lafiya tsawon rayuwarta. A cikin kalmominta, lokacin da aka naɗa ta a matsayin wacce ta karɓi kyautar Clara Lemlich Award for Social Activism a 2011:

## Mutuwa
Louise Meriwether ta mutu a wani gidan kula da tsofaffi a gundumar Manhattan ta New York, a ranar 10 ga Oktoba, 2023, tana da shekaru 100.   A cewar mai shirya fina-finai Cheryl Hill, wacce ta kula da ita a 'yan shekarun nan, lafiyar Meriwether ta ragu bayan ta kamu da cutar COVID-19 a shekarar 2020. 

### MANAZARTA