open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Izuogu Mgbokpo

Cif **Izuogu Mgbokpo** na Amankwu,Arochukwu jarumi ne na karni na 18 a cikin kungiyar Aro Confederacy. Shi mai fataucin bayi ne kuma kwamanda wanda ya yi yakinsa mafi shahara a Ikpa Ora.Cif Izuogu da abokinsa, Cif Iheme,su ne suka kafa masarautar Arondizuogu,wadda ake kyautata zaton Cif Izuogu ne sarki na farko.An ce ya kafa garin ne da yaki kuma ya sauka a wani wuri kusa da Ikpa Ora. Ya kasance jarumi ga mutanen Aro.  

## Nassoshi
Nana Maryam

**Nana Miriam** mace ce ta almara a cikin tatsuniyoyi na masu farautar kogin Sorko,masu alaƙa da mutanen Zarma kuma an san su da kasancewa cikin mutanen farko da suka fara zama a bakin kogin a yankin Gao a cikin daular Songhai.Babban labarin da ke da Kuma alaƙa da Nana Maryamu shi ne yadda ta yi amfani da hikimarta da kuma sihiri don kayar da wata katuwar hippopotamus da ke barazana ga mazauna kogin. Bisa ga nau'i daban-daban mahaifinta shine Fara Makan ko Owadia. Farkon fassarar labarin a cikin Ingilishi ita ce sigar da Leo Frobenius ya rubuta, Masanin kidan Amurka Maud Cuney Hare ya lura da "Waƙar Nana Maryamu"a cikin 1936.

## Nassoshi
Benjamin Campbell (wakilin ofishin jakadanci)

Colony a Sierra Leone
=Gabatarwa=
**Campbell** mazaunin Colony a Sierra Leone kuma dan kasuwa  na yankin kogin Nunez, Guinea.A can ya kasance memba na Majalisar Mulkin Mallaka ta Sierra Leone don haka aka ba shi lakabin **'Mai daraja**' wato **Honourable** .A cikin shekarar 1841 an samu takardu a cikin *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segunda_Rosario Segunda Rosario]*,wani jirgin ruwa da ake zargin anyi cinikayyar bayi dashi. Wanda akai watsi dashi wa hukuncin kotun Havana Mixed Commission. Wannan ya haifar da damuwa cewa Campbell yana da hannu a cinikin bayi. Lokacin da aka binciki Campbell daga baya, ya amsa cewa ya kasance yana kasuwanci tare da Niara Bely(aka Isabela Lightbourn) tsawon shekaru goma sha shida amma dangane da halaltattun kayayyaki kamar su hauren giwa,fatu, kakin zuma, zinare da kofi.Ko da yake Misis Lightbourn ita ma ta yi cinikin bayi, amma Campbell ya musanta hannu a kai, kuma ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya sha asara na kashin kansa bayan lalatar da dukiyarsa da aka yi a kogin Nunez, saboda adawa da cinikin bayi.

An nada shi a matsayin Consul a Legas a ranar 21 ga Yuli 1853 kuma ya yi aiki a wannan mukamin har zuwa rasuwarsa a ranar 17 ga Afrilu 1859.

## Nassoshi
Tarihin mulkin mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya

Da farko,shigar Birtaniyya a Arewacin Najeriya ya shafi kasuwanci ne kuma ya shafi fadada Kamfanin *Royal Niger Company*.Yankunan cikin gida na Kamfanin Royal Niger sun bazu arewa daga inda kogin Neja da kogin Benue suka haɗe,a Dutsen Patti,Lokoja.  Kamfanin ba ya wakiltar barazana kai tsaye ga yawancin Halifancin Sokoto ko kuma yawancin jihohin Arewacin Najeriya. Hakan ya canza ne lokacin da Frederick Lugard da Taubman Goldie suka gindaya wani gagarumin shiri na daidaita al'amuran cikin gida na Najeriya tare da hada ta da sauran daular Burtaniya.

## Kariya
Frederick Lugard ya shelanta kariyar Arewacin Najeriya a Ida a Kogi a ranar 1 ga Janairu,1897.Tushen mulkin mallaka shi ne yerjejeniyar Berlin ta 1885,wadda ta bai wa Arewacin Najeriya gabaɗaya ga Biritaniya bisa tushen kariyar da take da shi a Kudancin Najeriya.Ba da jimawa ba aka yi ta fama da Daular Sakkwato mai ƙarfi.Masarautar Kabba,Kotogora da Illorin sune na farko da turawan Ingila suka mamaye.A watan Fabrairun 1903,an kama babban katangar Kano,wurin daular Kano,sannan Sokoto da sauran da yawa daga cikin khalifancinta suka biyo baya ba da jimawa ba.Ranar 13 ga Maris,1903, Babbar Shura ta Khalifancin Sakkwato ta amince da bukatar Lugard.

Lugard ya zama gwamna;tare da karancin kayan aiki,ya gudanar da yankin tare da amincewar sarakunan yankin.Ya yi mulki ne ta hanyar siyasar mulkin kai tsaye, wadda ya ɓullo da ita zuwa ƙayyadaddun ka'idar siyasa.Lugard ya bar kariyar bayan wasu shekaru,yana aiki a Hong Kong, amma daga bisani ya koma aiki a Najeriya,inda ya yanke shawarar hadewar Arewacin Najeriya da Kudancin Najeriya a 1914. Tashin hankali don samun 'yancin kai daga kariyar Kudancin Kudancin daban-daban,duk da haka,ya haifar da rarrabuwar kawuna a cikin 1940s.Kundin tsarin mulkin Richards, wanda aka amince da shi a cikin 1945, ya ba da yancin cin gashin kai ga Arewa. Wannan 'yancin cin gashin kansa daga ƙarshe ya haɗa da fagagen majalisun dokoki na dangantakar ƙasashen waje da manufofin kwastam.

## Nassoshi
Sarkin Ningi

**Masarautar Ningi** wata masarauta ce a yammacin Afirka wacce ta wanzu daga kusan shekarar 1847, zuwa 1902, lokacin da turawan Ingila suka ci ta. An kafa ta ne tun da farko bayan Tawayen Halifancin Sokoto, kungiyar masu hawan dutse wadanda ba musulmi ba wadanda a tsawon karni na 19, suka nuna matukar turjiya ga Masarautar Bauchi da Masarautar Kano da Masarautar Zazzau. Daya daga cikin shuwagabannin Ningi da suka fatattaki masarautar Kano shine Gwarsum.Daga baya sai dansa Tunsuru sai dansa Garta ya gaje shi.

## Manazarta.
Insa Nolte

**Insa Nolte** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1969 a Göttingen,Jamus) ɗan Afirka ne kuma Farfesa na Nazarin Afirka a Sashen Nazarin Afirka da Anthropology a Jami'ar Birmingham.  Ta sami digiri na farko a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Free University of Berlin (FUBerlin) sannan ta kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Birmingham tare da karatun digiri na uku akan tarihi da siyasar Ijebu-Remo (Southwest Nigeria,Ogun State ),yanki na Najeriya.Dan siyasa mai kishin kasa Obafemi Awolowo.Bayan Kirk-Greene Junior Research Fellowship a St Antony's College,Oxford,ta zama Malama a Nazarin Afirka a Jami'ar Birmingham a 2001.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen tun 2018.Binciken ta ya mayar da hankali kan tarihin Yarabawa,al'adu da siyasa.Nolte ya kasance shugaban kungiyar Nazarin Afirka ta Burtaniya daga 2016 zuwa 2018. 

## Labarai
Nolte ya buga labarai na ilimi da yawa,littattafai da surori na littattafai ciki har da 

* *Obafemi Awolowo da kuma yin Remo :siyasar gida na dan kishin Najeriya*, Edinburgh : Edinburgh University Press. Jerin: Laburaren Afirka na Duniya,40, 2009.
* Siyasar Mulkin Mallaka Da Tarihin Mallaka:Ilimin Kullum, Salo,Da Gaskiya A Garin Yarbawa.*Tarihi a Afirka*,40 (2013) :125-164.
* tare da Ogen,O.& Jones,R. (eds.),*Bayan Hakuri na Addini:Musulmi, Kiristanci & Masu Gargajiya sun hadu a Garin Afirka.* *Jerin:Addini a Sauya Afirka*,New York: James Currey, tambarin Boydell & Brewer,2017.
* tare da Olukoya Ogen: Gabatarwa, a cikin *Ra'ayoyi daga Shoreline: Al'umma, kasuwanci da addini a gabar tekun Yarbawa da Yammacin Neja Delta*,Nazarin Nazarin Yarabawa, 2(2017), 1-16, cikakken rubutu.
* Kwaikwayi da kirkira wajen kafa Musulunci a Oyo, a cikin T. Green & B. Rossi (eds. ), *Filayen ƙasa, Tushen, da Ayyukan Hankali a Tarihin Afirka.* *Tarihin Afirka*, vol. 6, Brill, shafi na 91-115, 2018.
* Boko Haram ta bayyana, *The Political Quarterly* 90 (2019), 2, 324-325.  Bita na littafi.
* 'Aƙalla na yi aure': Auren Musulmi da Kirista a kudu maso yammacin Najeriya, *Social Anthropology/Anthropologie Sociale*, 28(2020), no. 2, shafi na 434-450.
Nri-Igbo

**Nri** birni ne na Igbo a cikin Jihar Anambra,Najeriya.Ita ce wurin zama na kasa mai karfi da sarauta wacce yankunan da Ibo na Awka da Onitsha ke zaune a gabas suka yi tasiri sosai;Efik,Ibibio,zuwa kudu;Nsukka da Asaba,da Anioma zuwa yamma.A yau,Nri ya yi ikirarin cewa shi ne zuciya da asalin Igbo,amma tarihi ya nuna cewa Igbo Ukwu,wanda aka fi sani da Igbo,kuma Igbo Nkwo shine ainihin asali da farkon Igbo.

## Tarihi
Kabilar Nri ta wanzu tun daga karni na 9.Nri (wanda ya kafa dangin Nri) da Aguleri sun kasance biyu daga cikin ’ya’yan Eri (wanda ya kafa Aguleri ) kuma sun yi ƙaura zuwa yau Nri daga kwarin kogin Anambra (Omambala) (Eriaka) a Aguleri a Arewacin Igboland.An ce Nri ya gaji iko na ruhaniya daga mahaifinsa.Mutanen Nri na cikin dangin Umueri ne waɗanda suka samo asali daga Eri.Da wasu gungun mutanen da ba su da abin tunawa da kansu suka zauna da su.Yayin da yawansu ya karu sai wasu kungiyoyi suka yi kaura zuwa wasu sassan kasar igbo domin kafa nasu mazauni

### Asalin tatsuniyoyi
A cikin tatsuniyar Nri,Nri da Chukwu ya aiko domin ya yi zaman lafiya (a sasanta rigima da share abubuwan kyama) da kuma samar wa kabilar Igbo abinci (yama da koko).

## Sources

* Elizabeth Isichei, *Afirka kafin 1800* (London: Longman, 1984).
* Elizabeth Isichei, *Tarihin Mutanen Igbo* (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 1976).
* Chikodi Anunobi, *Nri Warriors of Peace* (Zenith Publishers, Janairu 2006)
* https://books.google.com/books?id=3C2tzBSAp3MC&dq=nri+igbo+ukwu&pg=PA246
* https://web.archive.org/web/20070306144329/http://www.nrikingdom.com/default.asp?id=history&mnu=hmnu
* http://essays.igbonet.com/EzeNriNriEnwelanaIIObidiegwuOnyeso/1005thIguAroNdIgbo/ 
* https://web.archive.org/web/20070614164225/http://bookwire.com/bookwire/BowkerRecommends/Nov2005/nri.htm
* http://www.chikodianunobi.com/pages/PressRoom/Conversation_w_Cyril.htm 
* http://www.kwenu.com/publications/anunobi/leadership_crises1.htm
* http://www.nrienweluana.com
Kola Muslim Animasaun

**Kola Muslim Animasaun** (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga Yuli 1939) ɗan jaridar Najeriya ne, marubuci kuma tsohon shugaban hukumar edita ta jaridar *The Vanguard*, babbar jaridar Najeriya. An ƙaddamar da littafinsa mai suna *From 1939 to the Vanguard of Moodern Journalism*, a *Nigerian Institute of International Affairs*, Lagas a watan Yuli shekarar 2012 kuma bikin ya samu halartar Cif Bola Tinubu, shugaban Najeriya, tsohon shugaban jam'iyyar APC na ƙasa, da Abiola Ajimobi, Gwamnan jihar Oyo dake kudu maso yammacin Najeriya.

## Manazarta
Al'ummar Oboghoro

**Al'ummar Oboghoro** al'ummar Itsekiri ce dake cikin karamar hukumar Warri ta Arewa a jihar Delta.Oboghoro yana cikin Najeriya.Al'ummar tagwaye ce tare da Utonlila Community.Makarantar sakandare ta Odokun ita ce sunan makarantar sakandare a cikin al'umma.Sannan tana da makarantun firamare guda biyu; Ijala primary school da kuma Edo primary school.Yana da jetty.

A duk karshen shekara, Mista Godwin Ebosa da kuma al’ummar Oboghoro ne ke gudanar da bikin Oboghoro.Wannan yana samun halartar masu fasaha na A-list a duk faɗin Najeriya tare da ƴan rawa na rukuni suma suna nishadantar da baƙi a cikin adadin kwanaki.   

## Duba kuma

* Warri

## Manazarta
Jerin sunayen Ogiso

Mutanen masarautar Benin suna kiran wani Ogiso a matsayin sarkin sama. Wannan jerin sunayen Ogisos (Sarakuna) ne masu zaman kansu na Igodomigodo,wanda zai zama daular Benin,daga kimanin 100 KZ-40 KZ zuwa 1100 CE.Haɗin kai ya dogara ne akan tunawa da Daryl Peavy na al'adun baka na mutanen Edo.  Mutanen Ogiso sun samu taimakon wasu manyan mutane bakwai da ake kira Uzama'u.A zamanin mulkin Ogisos ana kiran filayen Edo 'Igodomigodo'kuma suna da cibiyoyin gudanarwa ko manyan birane a Ugbeku wanda daga baya aka koma Ore Edo a yanzu birnin Benin.Ogiso ya baiwa kowace al’umma cin gashin kai a lokacin mulkinsu.

## Manazarta
Ntezi-Aba

**Ntezi-Aba** ƙauye ne a Abakaliki babban birnin jihar Ebonyi.  Yana a babban birnin Abakaliki,kuma an jera shi a matsayin wani gari a karkashin karamar hukumar Ebonyi ta jihar Ebonyi.Garin yana kusa da kauyukan Obiagu da Ofe-Iyiokwu na dangin Izzi.Ƙungiyoyin Igbo na Izzi suna zaune a Ntezi-Aba a halin yanzu. Duk da haka garin ya tsufa kamar Abakaliki kansa,inda aka samo asalinsa tun daga kabilar Orring,mutanen yammacin Bantu da ke magana a jihohin Ebonyi,Benue da Cross River.Majiyoyi na baka da wasu rubuce-rubuce sun nuna cewa mutanen Orring ne suka kafa garin kuma suka zauna kafin zuwan mazaunan yanzu.    

## Tarihi
Tarihin Baka na Igbo ya nuna cewa kabilar Ibo sun fara kaura daga Nri zuwa garuruwa da matsugunansu daban-daban.Littafin C C.Ugoh mai suna "The gods of Abakaliki" ya ambata cewa mutanen Orring su ne mazauna Abakaliki na asali kafin zuwan kabilar Igbo na Ezza,Izzi,Ikwo da Ngbo. Patrick Aleke ya kuma bayyana cewa mutanen Orring su ne farkon mazauna Abakaliki,kuma sun zauna a Ntezi-Aba kafin su koma matsugunan da suke yanzu. Linda Chinelo Nkamigbo a cikin bincikenta na lexical na kamanceceniya da girman rancen harshe tsakanin Korring da harshen Igbo na Abakaliki ta rubuta cewa:*“Talbot (1969) ya yi iƙirarin cewa ‘yan kabilar Oring ne suka fara zama a yankin da a yanzu suke zama tare da Igbo a kudu maso gabashin Najeriya.Ya ci gaba da tabbatar da cewa watakila Igbo sun shiga Oring daga baya amma kasancewar sun fi yawa sai suka fatattaki Orjin ta hanyar fadace-fadace.Hakan ya tilasta wa wasu daga cikin Oring neman sabbin matsuguni daga arewa da kuma kudu masu nisa tare da kabilun da ba na Igbo ba a matsayin makwabta."*Ta nakalto Eze (2007),ta kammala da cewa*“Babu shakka cewa Koring ya aro da yawa daga Ibo An lura cewa akwai wasu abubuwa na kamus da aka yi nazari a kan wannan binciken da aka yi a cikin harsunan Ibo da ke makwabtaka da su kamar Yarbanci amma ba a cikin harsunan Koring ba.Don haka yana da kyau a bayyana cewa masu jin harshen da aka karɓa su ne ainihin mazauna ƙasar yayin da masu magana da harshen masu ba da gudummawa suka zo daga baya."* Wannan alakar da ba ta dace ba tsakanin mutanen Abakaliki ta ci gaba da samar da salon rayuwa na musamman na jama'a.Bugu da kari,Abakaliki ya sanya littafai na tarihi kamar su "Mutumin Ikwo a muhallinsa,""Ngbolizhia,""Ezza People"," Amuda People,"da dai sauransu a zahiri sun nuna mutanen Orring a matsayin 'yan asalin mazauni na matsugunansu daban-daban kafin su zauna.ƙaura da ƙauyuka dangane da tarihin baka iri-iri.Har ila yau,al’ummar Orring da ke jihohin Binuwai da Kuros Riba a galibin tarihinsu,sun samo asali ne daga Abakaliki,inda suka ce duk suna zaune ne a Ntezi-Aba bayan faduwar daular Kwararafa da Okpoto (,da kuma kafin abubuwa daban-daban na tarihi waɗanda suka shafi kasancewarsu ƙauyuka.  

## Nassoshi
Obong Okon Ita

**Obong Okon Ita** wani sarkin Ibibio ne na Masarautar Ibom mai kujerar mulki a Obot Okon Ita.Masarautar tasa ta kasance tsakanin jihohin Abia na yanzu da Akwa Ibom a kudu maso gabashin Najeriya.Shi ne mahaifin Akakpokpo Okon da Akpan Okon wadanda suka yi fafutukar ganin sun sami sarautar masarautar Ibom.  

## Manazarta
Tarihin Tsohon Calabar

Wannan **lokaci ne na tsohon tarihin Calabar**,wanda ya ƙunshi muhimman al'amuran tarihi a tarihin tsohon Calabar.

## 1668-1767

## 1767-1846

## 1846-1902

## Manazarta
Rundunar Haɗin Gwiwa Ta Farar Hula

Rundunar **hadin gwiwa ta Civilian Joint Task Force** (CJTF) wani gungu ne na ‘yan bindiga da aka kafa a Maiduguri, jihar Borno, Najeriya domin taimakawa wajen fatattakar mayakan Boko Haram daga garinsu. Kungiyar ta mallaki muhimman makamai kuma tana da mambobin mata.   Kungiyar ‘yan banga tana da mayakan sa kai sama da 26,000 a arewa maso gabashin jihohin Borno da Yobe, wadanda 1,800 ne kawai ke karbar albashi ($ 50 a wata).  Rundunar ta CJTF ta yi asarar rayuka kusan 600 a rikicin, inda ta kirga duka ‘ya’yanta da suka rasa da kuma wadanda suka bata. 

Ana zargin CJTF da cin zarafi, da suka hada da yanka maza a gefen wani kabari, karkatar da abinci da aka tanada domin iyalan da ke fama da yunwa da dukan maza da kuma cin zarafin mata da 'yan mata a sansanonin. 

## Manazarta
Ode-Itsekiri

**Ode-Itsekiri** al'umma ce a karamar hukumar Warri ta Kudu a jihar Delta, Najeriya.Ana kuma kiranta Itsekiri-Olu da Big Warri.Ita ce babban birnin al'ummar Itsekiri kuma daya daga cikin al'ummomin da suka fara cin gashin kansu kafin nadin Olu Ginuwa.Ya wanzu tun kafin 1480, tare da ainihin bayanan da ba a san su ba.An yi amfani da fadar Olu da ke Ode-Itsekiri a ko da yaushe wajen yin sarautar Olu na masarautar Warri,yayin da ake binne Sarakuna a unguwar Ijala-Ikenren.   

Tun a shekarar 2006 ne gwamnatin jihar Delta ta fara aikin hanyar da za ta hada Warri da Ode-Itsekiri.Ana sa ran wannan aikin zai danganta Ode-Itsekiri da sauran al'ummomin Itsekiri na kusa da shi.

Shahararriyar wakar Megbele ta Omawumi ta nuna lokacin da ta isa Ode-Itsekiri da kwale-kwale ta je ziyarar fadar Olu.

## Geography
**Al’ummar Ode-Itsekiri** tana a unguwar Ode-Itsekiri ta Warri ta Kudu da kuma karkashin mazabar tarayya ta Warri na mazabar Tarayyar Najeriya.Al'ummar Ode-Itsekiri tana da iyaka da al'ummar Orugbo,Ajigba Community,Inorin Community,da Odogene Community.

## Kayayyakin zamantakewa
Akwai abubuwan more rayuwa na jama'a da masu zaman kansu a cikin Al'ummar Ode-Itsekiri.

### Ilimi

* Ginuwa Primary School,Ode-Itsekiri da aka kafa a 1936
* Makarantar Grammar Erejuwa II,Ode-Itsekiri

### Kayayyakin Lafiya

* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Ode-Itsekiri,Ode-Itsekiri

### Hanyoyi da Gadaje

* Gadar Ode-Itsekiri,Ode-Itsekiri

## Bikin Al'adu
Kamar sauran al'ummomin Itsekiri,al'ummar Ode-Itsekiri an san su da yawa saboda ƙayyadaddun al'adunsu. Daya daga cikin raye-rayen raye-raye na al’ummar Ode-Itsekiri ita ce Ulu Oleretse wadda mazan al’ummar yankin ne kadai ke yin rawa.

## Mulki
Al'ummar Ode-Itsekiri tana da tsarin gudanar da mulki wanda ya yi kama da yawancin sauran al'ummomin Itsekiri.Olu na Warri shine babban shugaban al'umma.Bayan haka ne majalisar dattawa,amintattun al’umma da kungiyar matasa.

## Nassoshi
Ukpe-okhue

Ny **ukpe-okhue** (Edo midika hoe "vavan'ny boloky") dia satroboninahitra nentin'ny *Iyoba* (reny mpanjakavavin'ny Oba avy any Bénin).Izy io dia miforona amin'ny harato toy ny snood misy vatohara sarobidy,mampiasa vakana cylindrical *ileke* ("mpanjaka".

Ity karazana satroboninahitra ity dia niainga,ary nanao voalohany,nataon'ny renin'ny mpanjakavavy tany am-boalohany Idia,ny vehivavy voalohany dia nomena tombontsoa hanao vakana *ileke.*

Satroka maranitra no anaran'ny vavan'ny boloky,ary mitovitovy amin'ny satroka Frijiana ny endriny ary miolaka mandroso ny teboka.

## Gallery

## References
Akpaki Dagbara II

**Akpaki Dagbara, II** shi ne sarkin jihar Bariba ta Paraku,a gabashin Benin,har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekara ta 2004.Sarautar ta kasance babu kowa har kusan shekaru takwas.'Yan takara biyu,daya da sarkin Baparapé ya zaba,dayan kuma sarkin Gbégourou,wadanda aka saba ba su ikon nada magajin wani sarki da ya rasu,suna fafatawa a kan karagar mulki.  A 2012 Akpaki Boukou Kinnin II ya tashi ya zama Sarkin Paraku.

## Duba kuma
Egba Kotan II

**Egba Kotan II** shi ne Sarkin Dassa na Yarbawa a tsakiyar Benin. Sarkin ya hau karagar mulki a ranar 3 ga watan Maris,shekarar 2002.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin sunayen sarakunan daular Yarbawa ta Dassa
* Jerin sunayen sarakunan Afirka na yanzu

## Nassoshi
Jaridar Gwamnatin Kudancin Najeriya

***Jaridar Gwamnatin Kudancin Najeriya,*** ita ce jaridar gwamnati ta Mallaka da Kare Kudancin Najeriya.An buga shi a Legas tsakanin 1907 zuwa 1913.

Ya maye gurbin *Jaridar Gwamnatin Kudancin Najeriya* kuma ta ci gaba da buga *jaridar Nigeria Gazette*.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin jaridun mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya
Izevbokun Oshodin

**Izevbokun Oshodin** (kuma Izevbokun Osodin) (c.1850-1929) ya kasance sarki a tsohuwar daular Benin a jihar Edo ta Najeriya.Ya kasance daya daga cikin masu biyayya ga laftanar Oba (sarki) Ovonramwen,mai mulkin Benin da aka yi gudun hijira wanda ya yi aiki tare da hukumomin mulkin mallaka na Birtaniyya don gudanar da abin da ya rage na tsohuwar daular Benin bayan kisan kiyashin Benin da kuma farmakin soja na baya-bayan nan a kan Benin wanda ya lalata.mafi yawan birnin a 1897. An nada shi da farko a matsayin Babban Jami'in garanti kuma memba na Majalisar  da sabon mazaunin Biritaniya ya kafa. Daga baya gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta Burtaniya ta nada shi Hakimin Gundumar Benin daga 1914-1924 sannan ya zama Hakimin birnin Benin daga 1924-1929. Ya rasu a ranar 11 ga Afrilu 1929 a garin Benin a zamanin mulkin Oba Eweka II.

Mazauni na Biritaniya   Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƴan sarakuna a Masarautar Benin waɗanda suka gina kuma suka zauna a cikin faɗoɗin fadoji waɗanda ke da alaƙa da manyan sarakunan tsohuwar  kuma sun kasance wani ɓangare na abin da ya burge masana da yawa game da gine-ginen tsohuwar Benin..Fadarsa, wacce aka gina a shekarar 1897,bayan komawar al'ada bayan yakin hukumci,har yanzu tana nan a farkon titin Sakponba kusa da filin taro na Sarki a cikin birnin Benin

## Nassoshi
International Breweries plc

**International Breweries plc** masana'antar giya ce a Najeriya. Ta fara samar da giya a cikin watan Disamba 1978 tare da ikon shigar da hectoliters 200 000 a kowace shekara, wannan ya karu zuwa 500 000 hl/a a cikin watan Disamba 1982. 

A ranar 26 ga watan Afrilu 1994 International Breweries plc ta zama kamfani mai iyaka ga jama'a kuma an jera ta a kasuwar hada-hadar hannayen jari ta Najeriya.

International Breweries plc tana da yarjejeniyar sabis na fasaha tare da Brauhaase International Management GMBH, reshen Warsteiner Group na Jamus, wanda ya mallaki kashi 72.03%. 

A ranar 1 ga watan Janairu, 2012, SABmiller ya ɗauki ikon sarrafa kayan aikin Breweries na ƙasa da ƙasa daga BGI Castel. A farkon 2022, International Breweries plc ta rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar tallafawa tare da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Najeriya ta hanyar alamar giyar Hero lager. 

## Kayayyaki

* Trophy lager (1978), a pale lager
* Betamalt (1988), abin sha maras giyar malt
* Mayor  Lager, (Yanzu ya kare)
* Trophy Black (2013), a dark lager
* Budweiser (2018)
* Hero Lager
* Eagle Lager
* Eagle Stout
* Trophy bottle 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin giya da masana'anta a Najeriya
* Beer portal 
* Companies portal 
* Nigeria portal 

## Manazarta
Esigie

**Oba Esigie** ɗan Oba Ozolua ne,wanda ya yi sarauta a kusan 1481,da matarsa ta biyu, Sarauniya Idia.Oba Esigie ya mulki tsohuwar Masarautar Benin,yanzu Benin City,Jihar Edo,Najeriya (c.1504–c.1550).  Ana gudanar da ayyukan fasaha da Esigie ya ba da izini a cikin fitattun gidajen tarihi da suka haɗa da Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha da Gidan Tarihi na Biritaniya.

Bayan mutuwar Ozolua,Esigie ne ke rike da birnin Benin,yayin da dan uwansa Arhuaran ke rike da Udo,wani gari mai tazarar  arewa maso yammacin birnin Benin,wanda kusan daidai yake da girma da tasiri.  Bayan da aka gwabza kazamin fada da Arhuaran,tare da babban taimako da goyon baya daga mahaifiyarsa Idia,Esigie ya tara sojojin Benin a Unuame da ke bakin kogin Osse inda daga nan suka kaddamar da farmaki tare da hambarar da Arhuanran. Esigie ya zama Oba na Benin kuma daga baya zai kare farmaki daga mutanen Igala.   

Esigie ya fara wata al'ada a Benin ta hanyar kawar da kashe mahaifiyar sarki,ya ba Idia lakabin Iyoba (ko *Sarauniya Sarauniya*),da kuma samar da Eguae-Iyoba (Fadar Sarauniyar Sarauniya) a ƙasan Uselu don amfani da ita.  Idia ne ya dauki nauyin gyare-gyaren al'adu da yawa wadanda har yanzu suke da karfi a tarihin al'adun Benin;Ta yi ado sosai kamar yadda mutum ya yi tafiya tare da ɗanta kuma ya jagoranci Benin zuwa nasara a yakin Idah na 1515.Lokacin da Idia ya mutu,mai kare ta da matar Esigie Elaba za su je su tallafa wa Oba har sai mutuwarsa  .

## Manazarta
Mr Nigeria

**Mista Najeriya** dan takara ne na maza wanda ke zabar wadanda za su fafata a gasar Mister World.Duk da cewa masu shiryawa da dama ne suka gudanar da su a shekarun da suka gabata,mai rike da ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na yanzu shine rukunin Silverbird wanda kuma ya tsara Mafi Kyawun Yarinya a Najeriya.

Wanda ya rike mukamin na shekarar 2018 shi ne mai karatun Pure Physics Nelson Enwerem.

## Gasa
Sharuɗɗan gasar sun haɗa da zama ɗan ƙasar Najeriya da akalla takardar shaidar WAEC,Inda adadin shekarun ya kasance 18-25.Hakanan an fi son ƙwarewar Catwalk,amma ba lallai ba ne.Kyaututtuka ga wanda ya ci nasara ya bambanta kowace shekara,amma koyaushe sun haɗa da kuɗi;Ya zuwa shekarar 2014,ya kai N1,000,000,kuma wasu da suka yi nasara ma sun samu mota. 

## matakin kasa da kasa
Duk da yake Mista Najeriya ba shi da farin jini ko daidaito kamar MBGN,wakilai daga nau'in Silverbird sun yi fice sosai fiye da takwarorinsu mata a matakin kasa da kasa,inda uku daga cikin wadanda suka yi nasara a gasar suka zo a Mister World.Babbar nasarar da ta samu har zuwa yau ita ce a cikin 2014 lokacin da Emmanuel Ikubese ya fito na farko a matsayi na biyu a Mister World 2014 a bayan dan wasan Danish Nicklas Pedersen .
N. Surendan

N. Surendran s/o K. Nagarajan (Tamil: - . Cutar "Jar'a"), wanda aka fi sani da N. Surendran, lauya ne kuma ɗan siyasa na Malaysia. Ya kasance memba na majalisar dokokin Malaysia na mazabar Padang Serai a jihar Kedah na wa'adi daya daga shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha’uku 2013 zuwa shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha’takwas 2018. Shi memba ne na Jam'iyyar Adalci ta Jama'a (PKR), wata jam'iyya ce ta hadin gwiwar Pakatan Harapan (PH).

## Rayuwa ta farko, ilimi da aikin lauya
An haifi Surendran a Kuantan, Pahang kuma ta girma a Alor Setar, Kedah . Mahaifinsa marigayi ya kasance mai kula da gidan waya, kuma yana da 'yan uwa uku. Ya sami digiri na farko a fannin shari'a daga Jami'ar London kuma an shigar da shi cikin lauyan Malaysia a shekarar 1994.

Surendran ya yi aiki a matsayin lauyan kare hakkin dan adam, yana ɗaukar shari'o'in mutuwar da aka tsare kuma yana wakiltar Hindu Rights Action Force (HINDRAF). Ya kafa Lawyers for Liberty (LFL) a cikin 2011 kuma ya zama babban memba na kungiyar.

## Siyasa
A shekara ta 2010 Anwar Ibrahim ya nada Surendran a matsayin daya daga cikin mataimakan shugaban PKR. Wannan nadin ya kasance abin mamaki: Surendran ba dan majalisa ba ne a lokacin kuma N. Gobalakrishnan, dan majalisa na Padang Serai na lokacin wanda ya rasa kuri'a don mataimakin shugaban kasa ya soki zabensa. Ya kasance a cikin mukamin har zuwa shekara ta 2014, lokacin da aka ci shi don sake zaben a cikin kuri'un jam'iyya.

A cikin babban zaben 2013, Surendran ya tsaya takarar kujerar majalisar dokokin Padang Serai na PKR. Gobalakrishnan ya lashe kujerar PKR a zaben da ya gabata, amma ya bar jam'iyyar ya zauna a kan benci ba da daɗewa ba bayan harin da ya kai wa jama'a kan nadin Surendran a matsayin mataimakin shugaban jam'iyya. Surendran ya lashe kujerar a zaben, inda ya doke wasu 'yan takara hudu ciki har da Gobalakrishnan. Surendran ya nuna mamaki, yana tafiya zuwa Padang Serai daga gidansa a Kuala Lumpur don kamfen, har zuwa talauci a yankunan karkara a can.

A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2013, an dakatar da Surendran daga majalisar na tsawon watanni shida. Majalisar da ta fi rinjaye a gwamnati ta kada kuri'a don dakatar da shi a kan batun zagi ga Kakakin Majalisar Wakilai yayin muhawara game da rushewar haikalin Hindu. A watan Yunin shekara ta 2014, Surendran ya dakatar da shi na huɗu daga majalisar a cikin muhawara game da Lynas Advanced Materials Plant. A watan Agustan shekara ta 2014, an tuhume shi sau biyu da laifin tayar da kayar baya saboda sukar juyin mulkin shugaban adawa Anwar Ibrahim a kan zargin sodomy da kuma zargin cewa Firayim Minista, Najib Razak, "yana da alhakin" gurfanar da Anwar.

PKR ta bar Surendran a matsayin dan takara a babban zaben 2018.

## Sakamakon zaben

## Manazarta

## Duba kuma

* Jerin 'yan siyasa na Malaysia na asalin Indiya
Miss University Africa 2017

**Miss University Africa 2017**, bugu na 5 na gasar Miss University Africa, an gudanar da shi ne a ranar 2 ga Disamba,2017 a Cibiyar Taro ta Duniya ta Obi Wali da ke Fatakwal. Ƴan takara daga kasashen Afirka 54 ne suka fafata domin neman kambin. Wanda ya yi nasara, Lorriane Nadal na Mauritius ya gaji Rorisang Molefe na Lesotho, a matsayin Sarauniyar Miss University Africa. Uwargidan Gwamnan Jihar Ribas,Eberechi Wike ta samu sarautar a karshen taron.

## Sakamako

## Masu gasa
'Yan takarar daga kasashen Afirka 54 sun isa jihar Rivers ne a ranar 19 ga watan Nuwamban 2017.
 

### Farawa

* ***'</img>***'

Kwamitin alkalai ne suka tantance wasan kwaikwayon na Miss University Africa 2017.Mai watsa labarai kuma dan jarida Soni Irabor ne ya jagoranci alkalan gasar,tare da Mrs.Tolulope Nazzal,Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa- Miss University Africa Organisation da jerin sauran alkalai.

## Nassoshi
Unoaku Anyadike

**Unoaku Anyadike** (an haife shi **Unoaku Temitope Anyadike** a ranar 16 ga Satumba,1994) ɗan wasan Najeriya ne kuma mai fafutukar kyan gani wanda ya samu lambar yabo a matsayin wanda ya lashe gasar 2015 na Mafi Kyawun Yarinya a Najeriya.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
An haife shi a cikin dangi matsakaita ga mahaifin Ibo da mahaifiyar Yarbawa,dukkansu malamai ne a jihar Osun,kudu maso yammacin Najeriya;Unoaku tsohuwar daliba ce a jami'ar Ibadan inda ta karanta ilimin halayyar dan adam.  

## Shafin shafi

### Yarinya Mafi Kyawun A Nigeria 2014
Unoaku ya yi takara a bugu na 2014 na Mafi Kyawun Yarinya a Najeriya mai wakiltar jihar Legas.

### Mafi Kyawun Yarinya A Najeriya 2015
A ranar 24 ga Oktoba,2015,yayin da yake wakiltar jihar Anambra,Unoaku ya samu kambin lashe kyautar 2015 na Mafi Kyawun Yarinya a Najeriya da aka gudanar a Calabar International Convention Center.Ta wakilci Najeriya a gasar Miss World 2015 da aka gudanar a kasar Sin.

### Miss Universe 2016
Ta wakilci Najeriya a gasar Miss Universe 2016 amma bata samu ba.

## Nassoshi
Olutosin Araromi

**Olutosin Araromi** (an haife shi ranar 8 ga watan Janairu a shikara na1993) ɗan Najeriya ɗan Amurkan samfurin ne kuma mai taken kyakkyawa wanda ya sami sarautar MBGN Universe 2019, kuma ya wakilci Najeriya a Miss Universe a wannan shekarar.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
An haife ta kuma ta girma a New Jersey,Amurka,tana da digiri na farko a fannin Kiwon Lafiya da Ayyukan Jama'a daga Jami'ar Jihar Montclair.

## Shafin shafi
Olutosin ta fara aikinta ne a shekarar 2015 lokacin da ta lashe gasar Miss Nigeria USA. 

## Yarinya mafi kyawu a Nigeria

## Manazarta
Esmee Brugts

**Esmee Virginia Brugts** (an haifeta ranar 28 ga watan Yuli, 2003) ƙwararriyar 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Holland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Barcelona da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Netherlands.

## Sana'ar Kungiya
Brugts ya fara buga ƙwallon ƙafa tare da yara maza yana ɗan shekara biyar ga SV Heinenoord. Ta koma FC Binnenmaas bayan shekaru takwas don yin wasa a can na tsawon shekaru hudu. An nemi ta sosai lokacin da ta sanya hannu kan kwangilarta ta farko tare da PSV tana da shekaru 16 a cikin 2020. A ranar 13 ga Agusta 2020, ta fara zama na farko don PSV a wasan share fage da Olympique Lyonnais.A cikin farkon kakar wasa a PSV ta ya buga wasanni 13 na gasar, inda ya zura kwallaye uku. A wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin mata na KNVB ta buga dukkan wasannin, inda PSV ta doke ADO Den Haag da ci 1-0. A kakar wasa ta biyu ta buga wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin mata na KNVB na 2022, ta sha kashi a hannun Ajax da ci 2–1.

## Aikin Kasa
Brugts ya taka leda a kungiyoyin matasan Netherlands da yawa. [2] [5] A ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2022, ta tattara babban babban ta na farko ga Netherlands a wasa da Brazil yayin gasar Tournoi de France ta 2022. Ta zo filin wasa ne a matsayin wacce ta maye gurbin Victoria Pelova mintuna shida kafin a kammala wasan. [12] Ta ci kwallonta ta farko ga tawagar kasar a ranar 8 ga Afrilu 2022 a wasa da Cyprus. [13] A ranar 6 ga Satumba 2022, ta zura kwallo a raga a cikin mintuna na 93 na lokacin hutun rabin lokaci a wasan da suka yi nasara da Iceland da ci 1-0, don samun tikitin shiga kasarta a matsayi na daya a rukunin C zuwa gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 2023.

A ranar 31 ga Mayu 2023, an nada ta a matsayin wani ɓangare na tawagar wucin gadi ta Netherlands don gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA. [15] Ta buga dukkan wasanni biyar na Netherlands a lokacin gasar cin kofin duniya, inda ta ci Vietnam sau biyu a wasan rukuni na karshe.

## Manazarta
Jennifer Hermoso

**Jennifer "Jenni" Hermoso Fuentes** (An haife ta ranar 9 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta alif dari tara da casa'in 1990) kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne na Sipaniya wanda ke taka leda a kulob din La Liga MX Femenil CF Pachuca da kuma kungiyar mata ta Spain. Ita ce wacce ta fi zura kwallo a raga a Barcelona da Spain, kuma ta kasance wani bangare na gasar zakarun kasarta a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 2023, inda kuma aka ba ta kyautar Azurfa.

## Rayuwarta Ta Farko
Hermoso ta girma tana buga futsal da kwallon kafa na mutum bakwai bakwai, tare da raba kungiyoyi tare da yara maza a duk lokacin kuruciyarsa. Hermoso jikanyar Antonio Hernández ce, tsohon mai tsaron gida na Atlético Madrid. Lokacin yaro, zai kai ta don kallon wasan Atlético a filin wasa na Vicente Calderón. Hermoso ta fara wasa a Atlético Madrid tana da shekara goma sha biyu tare da karfafawa daga kakanta.

## Manazarta
Illah Bunu

**Illah Bunu** birni ne, da ke a jihar Kogi a tsakiyar yammacin Najeriya.  Tafiya ce da ke da nisan mintuna 45 daga garin Kabba a jihar Kogi.   Garin yana kusa da Aiyegunle Gbede

Coordinate: 8.094284,6.080761

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
Kabba/Bunu | Yoruba People  

## Manazarta
Hero Alexandriya

**Hero Alexandriya** An,haifice shekara ta (10AD masanin ilimin lissafi ya mutu a shekara ta 75AD) tsohon injiniya girka ne hero alexandriya yayi aiki tare da iskar  gas da kuma taurari don haifar da tushen iko daya daga cikin gwajin da ya habaka jigon ruwa wanda yayi amfani da jirgen ruwa wuta dake kasa da kwandan juya ruwa zuwa turare gas ya motsa ta cikin bututu zuwa bangarori daban daban wanda ya bada wata gagarumar yaniyin da yaba da muhimmanci sosai a duniya
## Manazarta
Advanced Congress of Democrat

**Advanced Congress of Democrats (ACD)** jam'iyyar siyasa ce mai adawa a Najeriya, wacce aka kirkira kuma ta fara rijista a watan Maris 2006.A cikin Satumba 2006,a hade cikin sabuwar kafa Action Congress kaddamar a 2005.

ACD dai ta kunshi tsofaffin ‘yan jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party ne,kuma ta kasance daya daga cikin jerin gamayyar kawancen adawa da Obasanjo,tun daga kungiyar Movement for Defence of Democracy a 2005,sai kuma AC a 2006/2007. Ta rike karamar kungiya mai zaman kanta bayan zaben 2007,yayin da shugabanninta suka hade cikin AC.

Jam’iyyar dai ta samu kafa ta ne da masu adawa da shirin gyara kundin tsarin mulkin kasar wanda zai bai wa shugaba mai ci Olusegun Obasanjo damar sake tsayawa takara karo na uku,kuma tana samun goyon bayanta a yankin kudu maso yammacin Najeriya.

Mataimakin shugaban kasa na wancan lokacin Atiku Abubakar,dan Arewa wanda ya yi adawa da Obasanjo a wa'adi na uku,ana kyautata zaton zai marawa sabuwar jam'iyyar baya tun daga kafuwarta.

Jam’iyyar ACD dai ta kunshi ‘ya’yan jam’iyyar PDP ne da ba su ji dadi ba,wadanda suke ganin sun rasa madafun iko da goyon bayan magoya bayan Shugaban kasa.Kokarin da magoya bayan shugaban kasar suka yi na yin kwaskwarima ga dokar da kundin tsarin mulkin kasar ya kayyade na wa'adi biyu,wanda zai baiwa shugaba Obasanjo damar ci gaba da mulki na tsawon shekaru hudu,lamarin da ya haifar da rugujewar rikicin da ke cikin jam'iyyar.

Uku daga cikin wadanda suka kafa jam’iyyar ACD,Alhaji Lawal Kaita,Alhaji Bashir Dalhatu da Audu Ogbeh,tsoffin ‘yan siyasa ne na jam’iyyar PDP,kuma sun koka da cin zarafi da tsarewa da gwamnati ke yi tun kafuwar ACD.A  shugaban jam’iyyar ACD,Alhaji Lawal Kaita,tsohon gwamnan PDP na jihar Kaduna ya shiga hannun ‘yan sanda jim kadan bayan da jami’an ‘yan sanda suka rufe taron jam’iyyar a Dutse,jihar Jigawa.

Mataimakin shugaban kasar,wanda a baya bai nuna sha’awar tsayawa takarar shugaban kasa ba,a shekarar 2006 shi ne babban abin da wadannan tsaffin ‘yan siyasar PDP suka mayar da hankali a kai.An yi tsammanin zai zama dan takarar shugaban kasa na ACD a nan gaba.

A cikin watan Satumba na 2006,ACD ta jagoranci ƙirƙirar haɗin gwiwa tare da Alliance for Democracy,Jam'iyyar Adalci, da wasu ƙananan jam'iyyun siyasa,da kuma kafa Action Congress. Atiku Abubakar ya kasance dan takarar shugaban kasa a zaben 2007.

## Nassoshi
All Nigeria Peoples Party

**Jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party** (**ANPP**) jam'iyyar siyasa ce a Najeriya.

Karkashin jagorancin Marigayi Cif Edwin Ume-Ezeoke wanda ya kasance mataimakinta ga Janar Muhammadu Buhari a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2007.Jam'iyyar ta samu kuri'u 32.2% bayan jam'iyyar PDP mai mulki.Buhari ya kasance dan takarar jam'iyyar ANPP a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2003,inda Chuba Okadigbo a matsayin abokin takararsa ya zo na biyu kuma kusan kashi 18% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa a sakamakon zaɓen.

Jam'iyyar ANPP ta kasance jam'iyya ta gida a cikin matsanancin arewacin Najeriya,musamman saboda yawan kiraye-kirayen da ta yi tsakanin masu jefa ƙuri'a na addini.Ita ce jam'iyyar adawa mafi karfi,wacce ta mallaki jihohi bakwai daga cikin jihohi talatin da shida na ƙasar a lokaci guda.Babbar nasarar da jam'iyyar ta samu a zaɓen 2003 ita ce nasarar da ta samu na gwamna a jihar Kano inda ta kayar da jam'iyyar PDP mai mulkin ƙasar inda ta ƙarɓe iko da ɗaya daga cikin jihohin ƙasar nan mafi yawan al'umma.

Bayan zaɓen 2007,ANPP ta kalubalanci nasarar Umaru Yar'Adua da PDP,duk da cewa an sanar da ita a ranar 27 ga watan Yunin shekarar 2007 bayan tattaunawa,cewa ANPP ta amince ta shiga gwamnatin Yar'adua na haɗin kan kasa.An bayyana cewa an samu rashin jituwa tsakanin jam’iyyar ANPP game da tattaunawar. Daga nan sai Buhari ya yi tir da wannan ra’ayin a wata hira da ya yi da BBC,ya kuma nuna cewa wani bangare ne na jam’iyyar ya yanke wannan shawarar,inda ya yi zargin cewa suna neman aikin yi ne kawai.

A watan Fabrairun 2013,jam'iyyar ta hade da Action Congress of Nigeria,All Progressives Grand Alliance,da Congress for Progressive Change suka kafa jam'iyyar All Progressives Congress.

## Akidar siyasa
ANPP jam'iyyar masu ra'ayin mazan jiya ce da ke da jan hankali a tsakanin sauran masu jefa ƙuri'a na addini.Jam'iyyar ta samu karfin ta galibi daga Arewacin Najeriya.

## Tun da farko cikin jiki
Akwai wata jam’iyya mai suna a lokacin Jamhuriyya ta Biyu,wadda aka hana ta bayan juyin mulkin da sojoji suka yi a shekarar 1983 ƙarƙashin jagorancin Janar Buhari.

Jam’iyyar da ke yanzu (wanda aka kafa a 1999) suna da suna iri ɗaya,amma da kadan ko babu kamanceceniya, ko alaƙa ko alaƙa da asalin ANPP.

## Tarihin zaɓe

### Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa

## Manazarta
Harkar Matasan Borno

**Borno Youth Movement** (BYM) kungiya ce ta siyasar Najeriya da aka kafa a ranar 26 ga Yuni,1954.Matasa masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na al'adun Kanuri ne suka kafa jam'iyyar,wadanda suka fusata da tsarin gudanar da mulki a Borno,kuma suke son gyara hukumar.

Shigowar Ibrahim Imam jam'iyyar ya haifar da tashin gwauron zabi na jam'iyyar a Borno.A baya dai Ibrahim Imam ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa na babban sakataren NPC inda ya koma NEPU.Ya hade ayyukan NEPU a Borno da na kungiyar matasa.Duk da haka,kawancen da NEPU ya ci karo da duwatsu a 1958,bayan haka BYM ya kulla sabuwar yarjejeniya da Action Group.

## Nassoshi
Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Najeriya

**Jam'iyyar kwaminisanci ta [[Najeriya]]** (**NCP**) jam'iyyar kwaminisanci ce a ƙasar Najeriya . An dakatar da Jam'iyyar NCP ta ƙarƙashin Doka ta 34 na mulkin Janar Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi a shekarar 1966. 

## Manazarta
Jam'iyyar Convention People's Party of Nigeria da Kamaru

Jam'iyyar **Convention People's Party of Nigeria da Kamaru** jam'iyyar siyasa ce a Najeriya.Habib Raji Abdallah shi ne shugaban jam’iyyar,Osita C.Agwuna shi ne babban sakatare.

Jam'iyyar ta fito ne daga kwamitin juyin juya halin jama'a,tsarin gurguzu na gajeren lokaci wanda aka kafa a tsakiyar 1951.An narkar da PRC a cikin Satumba 1951,yayin da kungiyar ta wuce ta cikin rikici.Daga baya aka maye gurbin PRC da kwamitin shirye-shirye na kasa,wanda hakan ya rikide zuwa jam’iyyar Convention People’s Party of Nigeria da Kamaru.

Jam'iyyar ta yi ƙoƙari ta kulla dangantaka da Jam'iyyar Jama'ar Convention a Gold Coast,amma da alama ba ta yi nasara ba.Jam’iyyar ta bace jim kadan bayan haka.

## Nassoshi
Jam'iyyar Dimokradiyyar Najeriya da Kamaru

**Jam'iyyar Democratic Party of Nigeria and the Cameroon,** jam'iyyar siyasa ce ta Najeriya da aka kafa a watan Agusta 1958.Jam’iyyar ta kasance wani bangare ne na kwamitin kawo sauyi na NCNC karkashin jagorancin Tobi Izedonmi wanda ya yi kalubalantar shugabancin Nnamdi Azikiwe wanda bai yi nasara ba.Rikicin da ya haifar da shugabannin siyasa na jam'iyyar Ibo bai haifar da gagarumin goyon bayan tushen ciyawa ba.Duk da haka,an san jam'iyyar sosai a yankunan Orlu da Onitsha.

## Nassoshi
* KWJ Post; Zaɓen Tarayyar Najeriya na 1959: Siyasa da Gudanarwa a Tsarin Siyasa Mai Ci Gaba, Jami'ar Oxford, 1963
Jam'iyyar Dynamic

**Dynamic Party** jam'iyyar siyasa ce ta Najeriya karkashin jagorancin masanin lissafi kuma masani Chike Obi.An bude shi a Ibadan ranar 7 ga Afrilu,1951.Jam'iyyar ta rungumi Kemalism,kuma ta yi taka-tsan-tsan game da yunkurin da aka yi na samun yancin kai.

Jam’iyyar ta kasance daya daga cikin jam’iyyun da suka fara buga wani shiri mai kyau kafin samun ‘yancin kai.A cikin bayaninta,ta nemi yin takara da mahaukaciyar gaggawar neman cin gashin kai ta kungiyar Action Group,rungumar hadin gwiwa da Turawa da Amurkawa,inganta amincin kasa da inganta hanyoyin sadarwa a sassan Najeriya,tun daga Esan,Egbado da Ekiti.

Chike Obi ya takaita ra'ayinsa na Kemalism na Najeriya kamar haka

Wasu daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da jam’iyyar ta bayar sun hada da shawarwari da kafa makarantun horar da sojoji guda uku da kuma ‘cibiyar yaki da ‘yan daba.Har ila yau, ta ba da shawarar kafa Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Yamma wadda ta ƙunshi yawancin Faransanci,Birtaniya,Mutanen Espanya,da Fotigal na Afirka ta Yamma,Rukunan Yammacin Afirka 'Monroe',da kuma kawancen tsaro tare da Indiya a kan Afirka ta Kudu.

## Nassoshi
Grassroots Democratic Movement

**Grassroots Democratic Movement** (GDM) jam'iyyar siyasa ce a Najeriya wadda ta kasance daya daga cikin jam'iyyun siyasa biyar da gwamnatin Janar Sani Abacha ta amince da su shiga zaben 'yan majalisar jiha da aka gudanar a watan Disambar 1997,da kuma zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki da aka gudanar a watan Afrilun 1998..Sauran jam’iyyun da aka amince sun hada da United Nigeria Congress Party,Congress for National Consensus (CNC),Democratic Party of Nigeria (DPN) da National Center Party of Nigeria (NCPN).

Jam'iyyar Grassroots Democratic Movement karkashin jagorancin Alhaji Muhammadu Dikko Yusufu tana da bangaren hagu. A cikin watan Afrilun 1998,GDM ita ce kawai jam'iyyar da ke tunanin wasu 'yan takarar shugaban kasa a maimakon Sani Abacha. Dokta Tunji Braithwaite,lauya wanda aka kira zuwa mashaya a 1961 kuma ya kafa Nigeria Advanced Party a 1983,ya yi fatan zama dan takarar shugaban kasa na Grassroots Democratic Movement a 1999. A watan Mayun 1998,Muhammadu Dikko Yusufu,tsohon shugaban 'yan sandan Najeriya,ya kai karar jam'iyyar GDM kan zaben Abacha a matsayin dan takararta na shugaban kasa.Ya yi kira ga Abacha da ya yi murabus.

A lokacin da Janar Abdulsalami Abubakar ya gaji Sani Abacha bayan rasuwar marigayin a watan Yunin 1998,  ya rusa jam’iyyu biyar kuma ya bayyana cewa za a gudanar da zaben dimokuradiyya a cikin kwata na farko na 1999.Ya ba da shawarar kafa jam'iyyun siyasa kyauta,hukumar shari'a mai zaman kanta,masu sa ido kan zabe na kasa da kasa.

## Manazarta
Jam'iyyar Jama'ar Najeriya

**Jam'iyyar Great Nigeria People's Party** ta kasance daya daga cikin manyan jam'iyyun siyasa shida da suka tsayar da 'yan takarar zabe a jamhuriya ta biyu ta Najeriya.An kafa jam'iyyar ne a karkashin wata kungiya da ta balle daga jam'iyyar People's Nigeria,kungiyar ta kasance karkashin jagorancin Waziri Ibrahim,dan siyasa kuma dan kasuwa daga Borno.Waziri yana daya daga cikin shugabannin kungiyoyi uku da suka kafa cibiyar NPP.Asalin manufar NPP ita ce ta zarce siyasar kabilanci da inganta manufofin manyan kabilu da na kananan kabilu.Sai dai shigar Nnamdi Azikiwe NPP ya haifar da fafatawar neman mulki inda Waziri ya sha kaye.Sannan Waziri ya jagoranci wasu tsiraru a arewa da wasu ‘yan kudu suka kafa jam’iyyar Great Nigeria Peoples Party.

Duk da cewa asalin manufar shugabannin jam’iyyar ita ce ta zarce siyasar kabilanci da bangaranci,amma duk da haka karfin jam’iyyar ya kasance a yankin arewa maso gabas,tsakanin kabilar Kanuri da wasu tsirarun Arewa.

## Zabe
A zaben 1979 jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 8 na majalisar dattawa,akasari daga yankin arewa maso gabas da kusan kashi 8.4% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben majalisar dattawa.A zaben majalisar wakilai,jam'iyyar ta samu kusan kujeru 43 da kusan kashi 10% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben.A zaben shugaban kasa,dan takarar jam’iyyar Ibrahim Waziri ya samu kashi 10% na kuri’un da aka kada a zaben.

## Jam'iyyar a jamhuriya ta biyu
A lokacin zaben dai jam'iyyar ta shiga kawance da jam'iyyar Unity Party of Nigeria,kawancen ya yi tasiri a wasu zabukan jihohi da na 'yan majalisun da ko wanne jam'iyya ba a gani ba.Ko da yake jam’iyyar ba ta sukar shugabancin Shagari fiye da jam’iyyar UPN,amma duk da haka,jam’iyyar ta goyi bayan rawar da ‘yan adawa suka taka,ta kuma yi kokarin kulla kawance da wasu jam’iyyun kudancin kasar da wasu kungiyoyi a jam’iyyar PRP domin kafa wani yunkuri na ci gaba.Sai dai jam’iyyar ta fada cikin rikicin cikin gida a shekarar 1981,lokacin da wasu fitattun ‘ya’yan jam’iyyar suka fito fili suna goyon bayan babbar jam’iyyar ta Najeriya.Shugabancin jam’iyyar ya kori akasarin ‘ya’yan jam’iyyar amma rashin jituwa da ayyukan da suka biyo baya ya kara dagula al’amura a jam’iyyar.

## Nassoshi
Mikayil Faye

**Mikayil Ngor Faye** (an haifeshi ranar 14 ga watan Yuli, 2004) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Senegal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron baya ga kulob ɗin Primera Federación Barcelona Atlètic.

## Sana'a
Dan baya na tsakiya na hagu, Faye ya kasance samfurin Diambars FC Academy a Senegal tare da Bamba Dieng . Hakanan yana iya yin wasa a baya na hagu, an danganta shi da Olympique de Marseille, da Stade de Reims, kuma ya horar da Dinamo Zagreb.

## Manazarta
Kungiyar Igala

**Igala Union** ƙungiya ce ta siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta farko ta ƙasar.Tunda farko dai ƙungiyar ta kasance membobi ne daga wata kungiya mai karfi ta Igala wadanda ke tausayawa jam’iyyar Peoples Congress.Ƙungiyar ta lashe kujeru huɗu na majalisar wakilai a zaɓen 1959.

## Nassoshi

* KWJ Post;Zaɓen Tarayyar Najeriya na 1959:Siyasa da Gudanarwa a Tsarin Siyasa Mai Ci Gaba,Jami'ar Oxford,1963
Kungiyar kabilar Igbira

**Igbira Tribal Union** kungiya ce ta siyasa da wasu malamai masu ilimi daga Igbira Native Administration na Arewacin Najeriya suka kafa a karkashin George Ohikere.Kungiyar ta kasance daya daga cikin kungiyoyin da ba na Hausa-Fulani ba,wadanda ke da alaka da jam’iyyar Arewa ta Arewa a lokacin zabukan 1950.Duk da haka,an samu matsala a kawancen siyasa da NPC, a shekarar 1958-1959,inda bangarorin biyu suka gabatar da 'yan takara a zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 1959.

## Nassoshi.
Midwest Democratic Front

Jam'iyyar **Midwest Democratic Front** karamar jam'iyyar siyasa ce daga yankin Midwest na Najeriya; Ta mamaye jihohin Edo da Delta a yau. Jam’iyyar ta kasance daya daga cikin kananan jam’iyyu daban-daban da suka kulla kawance da jam’iyyu masu rinjaye a jamhuriyar Najeriya ta farko, irin su Action Group,the Northern People’s Congress, NEPU da National Council of Nigeria da Kamaru.

## Nassoshi

* Toyin Falola; Tarihin Najeriya, Jaridar Greenwood, 1999.
Babban taron jam'iyyar Republican

Jam’iyyar **National Republican Convention**,jam’iyyar siyasa ce ta Najeriya da gwamnatin Janar Ibrahim Babangida ta kafa,kuma daga karshe gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Janar Sani Abacha ta rushe a shekarar 1993.

## Daidaitawa
An dai shirya jam’iyyar ne domin ta samu ra’ayin wasu ‘yan Najeriya masu ra’ayin rikau,ta samu bunkasuwa a manyan jihohin Arewa da Jihohin Gabas na Abia da Enugu.Duk da haka,mutane da yawa sun ji cewa akwai ɗan bambanci tsakanin jam'iyyar da abokin hamayyarta,Social Democratic Party,wata gwamnati ta kirkiro jam'iyyar.Bangarorin biyu dai na karkashin kulawar gwamnatin mulkin soja ne,kuma mafi yawan ‘yan takarar shugabancin kasar sun amince da a ci gaba da shirin gyara tsarin gwamnatin Babangida.

## Tarihi
Jam’iyyar dai ta kasance babbar haduwar manyan kungiyoyi guda uku, watau Liberal Convention,da National Congress National Congress da kuma na Tarayya.A zaben fidda gwani na shugaban kasa na farko, wasu fitattun shugabannin Hausa-Fulani ne suka mamaye zaben.Adamu Ciroma,tsohon minista kuma tsohon gwamnan babban bankin kasa shine babban dan takararsa;ya tattara kusan kuri'u 270,000.Umaru Shinkafi,ya zo na biyu da kusan 250,000.

Jam'iyyar ta kasance karkashin jagorancin Tom Ikimi,masanin gine-gine daga jihar Edo.

## Manazarta
Vejalpur

**Vejalpur** birni ne a Sabon Yankin Yamma na babban birni na Ahmedabad a cikin jihar Gujarat ta Indiya.

A ƙidayar Jama'a ta Indiya ta shekarar 2001 Vejalpur tana da yawan jama'a 113,304. Maza sune kashi 52% na yawan jama'a da mata 48%. Vejalpur yana da matsakaicin adadin karatu na 80%, sama da matsakaicin ƙasa na 59.5%: ilimin maza shine 84%, kuma ilimin mata shine 77%. A Vejalpur, 11% na yawan jama'ar ƙasa da shekaru 6 ne. 

## Manazarta
Arewa Progressive Front

**Northern People's Front** wata kungiyar siyasa ce ta Najeriya wacce ta kunshi NEPU da United Middle Belt Congress.

## Nassoshi

* Robin Cohen; Aiki da Siyasa a Najeriya,1945–71