Markos Vafeiadis

**Markos Vafeiadis** (wanda aka fi rubuta shi a matsayin **Vafiadis** da Vafiades; Girkanci; (1906-01-28)  - (1992-02-22) )   ya kasance jagora na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Girka (KKE) a lokacin Girka Resistance da Girka Civil War. 

## Rayuwa kafin yaƙin

An haifi Vafiedis a Tosya, Daular Ottoman a 1906 kodayake wasu kafofin sun ce an haife shi a Şenkaya, Erzurum a Turkiyya ta yanzu. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 17, bayan musayar yawan jama'a tsakanin Girka da Turkiyya na 1923, Vafeiadis ya tafi Thessaloniki da Kavala a matsayin ɗan gudun hijira. Daga 1928, ya yi aiki a Thessaloniki a matsayin memba na Ƙungiyar Kwaminisanci ta Girka (OKNE). A shekara ta 1932, an daure shi kuma an tura shi gudun hijira ta cikin gida saboda aikinsa na siyasa. Bayan an sake shi a watan Oktoba 1933, ya yi aiki a matsayin malami na jam'iyya a yankuna da yawa na Girka.

A farkon mulkin kama-Karita na Ioannis Metaxas (4th na Agusta) an sake tura shi gudun hijira zuwa tsibirin Ai Stratis, amma ya sami nasarar tserewa cikin ƙasa da wata ɗaya. Daga baya, ya yi aiki a cikin ƙungiyar ɓoye-ɓoye ta jam'iyyar a tsibirin Crete kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin tayar da kayar baya na Chania a kan mulkin kama-karya (Yuli 28, 1938). Bayan murkushewar tashin hankali, sai ya tafi Athens inda aka kama shi. An tsare shi a kurkuku a Akronafplia kuma an tura shi gudun hijira zuwa tsibirin Gavdos .

## Tsayayya da Yaƙin basasa
A watan Mayu na shekara ta 1941, a farkon mamayar Nazi ta Jamus a Girka, shi, tare da sauran fursunonin soja na Girka, sun tsere daga tsibirin Gavdos kuma sun fara abin da zai zama aikin karkashin kasa na asali game da mamayar Jamus, da farko a tsibirin Krita, daga baya a Athens, Thessaloniki kuma a ƙarshe duk Makidoniya. A shekara ta 1942, an zabe shi a cikin Kwamitin Tsakiya na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Girka kuma an nada shi mai kula da reshen Makidoniya na Sojojin 'Yancin Jama'ar Girka (ELAS). A watan Mayu 1944, an zabe shi a matsayin wakilin Thessaloniki a Taron kasa da aka gudanar a ƙauyen Koryschades a Evrytania, amma bai iya halarta ba. A ranar 30 ga Oktoba 1944, bayan janyewar sojojin Jamus, da kuma biyo bayan yaƙe-yaƙe da Battalions na Tsaro, ya shiga a matsayin mai 'yanci a Thessaloniki tare da mutanensa na ELAS.[1]

A watan Nuwamba 1944, sojojinsa sun 'yantar da Makidoniya ta Tsakiya kuma sun taimaka wajen ceton dubban Yahudawa na Girka daga haɗari mai zuwa daga mulkin Nazi mai fita. A watan Fabrairun 1946, Markos Vafeiadis bai yarda da Nikos Zachariadis ba, babban sakataren KKE, wanda ke son ƙirƙirar rundunar kwaminisanci. Vafeiadis ya yi imanin cewa sojojin gwamnatin Girka sun yi karfi sosai, kuma mafi kyawun zaɓi ga KKE gwagwarmayar 'yan tawaye ce.

Koyaya, a watan Yulin 1946, Zachariadis ya nada shi a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar 'Yan tawaye ta kwaminisanci. A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1946, lokacin da aka kafa Janar Command of the Democratic Army of Greece (DSE), Vafeiadis ya zama shugabanta, kuma a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1947 an nada shi Firayim Minista da Ministan Yakin Gwamnatin Democrat ta wucin gadi.

A lokacin matakai na ƙarshe na Yaƙin basasa rashin jituwa da Zachariadis game da batutuwan koyarwar soja ya haifar da cire shi daga jagoranci (Agusta 1948) kuma daga baya daga dukkan ofisoshin (Janairu 1949). A watan Oktoba 1950, an kore shi daga Jam'iyyar Kwaminis, yayin da yake gudun hijira a Tarayyar Soviet, inda ya tsere bayan rushewar DSE.

## Manazarta