Afirka ta Faransa

**Afirka ta Faransa** ta ƙunshi duk wani tarihi na Faransa a nahiyar Afirka. Tun daga kan shigar Faransa Nahiyar da mamayar da tayi har ta kama wasu ƙasashe.

## Faransa

### Faransa Arewacin Afirka

* Masar (1798-1801)
* Faransa Aljeriya (1830-1962)
* Ƙasar Tunisiya (1881-1956)
* Kariya a Maroko (1912-1956)
* Yankin Soja na Fezzan-Ghadames (1943-1951)

### Faransa Yammacin Afirka

* Ivory Coast (1843-1960)
* Dahomey ko Faransa Dahomey (yanzu Benin ) (1883-1960)
** Mai zaman kansa na Dahomey, ƙarƙashin ma'ajin Faransa a 1889
** Porto-Novo (kariya) (1863-1865, 1882)
** Cotonou (masu tsaro) (1868)
* Sudan ta Faransa ( Mali a yanzu) (1883-1960)
** Senegambia da Niger (1902-1904)
* Guinea ko Faransanci Guinea (1891-1958)
* Muritaniya (1902-1960)
** Masarautar Adrar (masarauta) (1909)
** Masarautar Taganit Confederation's Emirate (masu kariya) (1905)
** Brakna Confederation's Emirate (masu kariya)
** Masarautar Trarza (kariya) (1902)
* Nijar (1890-1960)
** Sultanate of Damagaram ( Zinder ) (protectorate) (1899)
* Senegal (1677-1960)
* Faransa Upper Volta (yanzu Burkina Faso ) (1896-1960)
* Togoland na Faransa (1918-1960) (tsohon mulkin mallaka na Jamus, umarni ya zama mulkin mallaka na Faransa) (yanzu Togo )
* Najeriya
** The Enclaves na Forcados da Badjibo (yankin karkashin yarjejeniyar shekaru 30) (1900-1927)
** Masarautar Muri (Arewa maso Gabashin Najeriya ) (1892-1893)
* Gambia
** Albreda (1681-1857)
** Tsibirin Kunta Kinteh (1695-1697, 1702)

### Faransa Equatorial Afirka

* Chadi (1900-1960)
* Oubangui-Chari ( Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya a halin yanzu) (1905-1960)
** Dar al Kuti (mai tsaro) (1897) (a cikin 1912 Faransanci ya murkushe sultan).
** Sultanate na Bangassou (kariya) (1894)
* A halin yanzu Jamhuriyar Kongo, sai Kongo Faransa (1875-1960)
* Gabon (1839-1960)
* Faransa Kamaru (91% na Kamaru na yanzu) (1918-1960) (tsohon mulkin mallaka na Jamus, Mandate, Protectorate sannan Faransanci)
* Sao Tomé da Principe (1709)

### Gabashin Afirka da Tekun Indiya

* Madagascar (1896-1960)
** Masarautar Imerina (mai tsaro) (1896)
* Isle de France (1715-1810) (yanzu Mauritius )
* Djibouti ( Faransa Somaliland ) (Yankin Faransa na Afars da Issas) ( Faransa Somalia ) (1862-1977)
* Faransa Misira (1798-1801, 1858-1882, 1956)
* Mayotte (1841-yanzu)
* Seychelles (1756-1810)
* Chagos Archipelago (1721-1745, 1768-1814)
* Tsibirin Watsewa ( Banc du Geyser, Bassas da India, Tsibirin Europa, Tsibirin Juan de Nova, Tsibirin Glorioso, Tsibirin Tromelin )
* Comoros (1866-1975)
* Réunion (1710-yanzu)

## Magana

## Kara karantawa

* Langley, Michael. "Bizerta zuwa Bight: Faransanci a Afirka." *Tarihi A Yau.* (Oktoba 1972), shafi na 733-739. tsakanin 1798 zuwa 1900.
* Hutton, Patrick H. ed. *Kamus na Tarihi na Jamhuriyar Faransa ta Uku, 1870–1940* (2 juzu'i 1986)
* Northcutt, Wayne, ed. *Kamus na Tarihi na Jamhuriya ta huɗu da ta biyar ta Faransa, 1946–1991* (1992)
* Singh, Gurjit. "Faransa a Afirka: Ƙoƙarin kallon matasa, Gidan Ƙofar, 21 Oktoba 2021" akan layi ; Akwai a SSRN

### Dokoki da mulkin mallaka
* Aldrich, Robert. *Greater France: A History of French Overseas Expansion* (1996)
* Baumgart, Winfried. *Imperialism: The Idea and Reality of British and French Colonial Expansion, 1880–1914* (1982)
* Betts, Raymond. *Tricouleur: The French Overseas Empire* (1978), 174pp
* Betts, Raymond. *Assimilation and Association in French Colonial Theory, 1890–1914* (2005) excerpt and text search
* 
* Clayton, Anthony. *The Wars of French Decolonization* (1995)
* Cogneau, Denis, et al. "Taxation in Africa from Colonial Times to Present Evidence from former French colonies 1900-2018." (2021): online
* Conklin, Alice L. *A Mission to Civilize: The Republican Idea of Empire in France and West Africa, 1895–1930* (1997) online
* Evans, Martin. "From colonialism to post-colonialism: the French empire since Napoleon." in Martin S. Alexander, ed., *French History since Napoleon* (1999) pp: 391–415.
* Gamble, Harry. *Contesting French West Africa: Battles over Schools and the Colonial Order, 1900–1950* (U of Nebraska Press, 2017).  378 pp. online review
* Jennings, Eric T. *Imperial Heights: Dalat and the Making and Undoing of French Indochina* (2010).
* Lawrence, Adria. *Imperial rule and the politics of nationalism: anti-colonial protest in the French empire* (Cambridge UP, 2013).
* .
* Klein, Martin A. *Slavery and colonial rule in French West Africa* (Cambridge University Press, 1998)
* Manning, Patrick. *Francophone Sub-Saharan Africa 1880-1995* (Cambridge UP, 1998). 
* Neres, Philip. *French-speaking West Africa: From Colonial Status to Independence* (1962) 
* Priestley, Herbert Ingram. *France overseas: a study of modern imperialism* (1938) 464pp.
* Quinn, Frederick. *The French Overseas Empire* (2000) 
* .
* Poddar, Prem, and Lars Jensen, eds., *A historical companion to postcolonial literatures: Continental Europe and Its Empires* (Edinburgh UP, 2008), excerpt also entire text online
* 
* Priestley, Herbert Ingram. (1938) *France overseas;: A study of modern imperialism* 463pp; encyclopedic coverage as of late 1930s
* Roberts, Stephen H. *History of French Colonial Policy (1870-1925)* (2 vol 1929) vol 1 online also vol 2 online; Comprehensive scholarly history
* .
* Strother, Christian. "Waging War on Mosquitoes: Scientific Research and the Formation of Mosquito Brigades in French West Africa, 1899–1920." *Journal of the history of medicine and allied sciences* (2016): jrw005.
* Thomas, Martin. *The French Empire Between the Wars: Imperialism, Politics and Society* (2007) covers 1919–1939
* Thompson, Virginia, and Richard Adloff. *French West Africa* (Stanford UP, 1958).
* Wesseling, H.L. and Arnold J. Pomerans. *Divide and rule: The partition of Africa, 1880–1914* (Praeger, 1996.)
* Wesseling, H.L. *The European Colonial Empires: 1815–1919* (Routledge, 2015).

### Sake mallaka
* Betts, Raymond F. *Decolonization* (2nd ed. 2004)
* Betts, Raymond F. *France and Decolonisation, 1900–1960* (1991)
* Chafer, Tony. *The end of empire in French West Africa: France's successful decolonization* (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2002).
* Chamberlain, Muriel E. ed. *Longman Companion to European Decolonisation in the Twentieth Century* (Routledge, 2014)
* Clayton, Anthony. *The wars of French decolonization* (Routledge, 2014).
* Cooper, Frederick. "French Africa, 1947–48: Reform, Violence, and Uncertainty in a Colonial Situation." *Critical Inquiry*  (2014) 40#4 pp: 466–478. in JSTOR
* Ikeda, Ryo. *The Imperialism of French Decolonisation: French Policy and the Anglo-American Response in Tunisia and Morocco* (Palgrave Macmillan, 2015)
* Jansen, Jan C. & Jürgen Osterhammel. *Decolonization: A Short History* (Princeton UP, 2017). online
* Jones, Max, et al. "Decolonising imperial heroes: Britain and France." *Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History* 42#5 (2014): 787–825.
* Lawrence, Adria K. *Imperial Rule and the Politics of Nationalism:  Anti-Colonial Protest in the French Empire* (Cambridge UP, 2013) online reviews
* McDougall, James. "The Impossible Republic: The Reconquest of Algeria and the Decolonization of France, 1945–1962," *The Journal of Modern History* 89#4 (December 2017) pp 772–811 excerpt
* Rothermund, Dietmar. *Memories of Post-Imperial Nations: The Aftermath of Decolonization, 1945–2013* (2015) excerpt; Compares the impact on Great Britain, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Portugal, Italy and Japan
* Rothermund, Dietmar. *The Routledge companion to decolonization* (Routledge, 2006), comprehensive global coverage; 365pp
* Shepard, Todd. *The Invention of Decolonization: The Algerian War and the Remaking of France* (2006)
* Simpson, Alfred William Brian. *Human Rights and the End of Empire: Britain and the Genesis of the European Convention* (Oxford University Press, 2004).
* Smith, Tony. "A comparative study of French and British decolonization." *Comparative Studies in Society and History* (1978) 20#1 pp: 70–102. online 
* Smith, Tony. "The French Colonial Consensus and People's War, 1946–58." *Journal of Contemporary History* (1974): 217–247. in JSTOR
* Thomas, Martin, Bob Moore, and Lawrence J. Butler. *Crises of Empire: Decolonization and Europe's imperial states* (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2015)
* Von Albertini, Rudolf. *Decolonization: the Administration and Future of the Colonies, 1919–1960* (Doubleday, 1971), scholarly analysis of French policies, pp 265–469..

### Hotuna da tasiri akan Faransa
* Andrew, Christopher M., and Alexander Sydney Kanya-Forstner. "France, Africa, and the First World War." *Journal of African History* 19.1 (1978): 11–23.
* . online
* Andrew, C. M., and A. S. Kanya-Forstner. "The French 'Colonial Party': Its Composition, Aims and Influence, 1885-1914." *Historical Journal* 14#1 (1971): 99–128. online.
* August, Thomas G. *The Selling of the Empire: British and French Imperialist Propaganda, 1890–1940* (1985)
* Chafer, Tony, and Amanda Sackur. *Promoting the Colonial Idea: Propaganda and Visions of Empire in France* (2002) 
* .
* Conkin, Alice L. *A Mission to Civilize: The Republican Idea of Empire in France and West Africa, 1895-1930* (1997) online 
* Dobie, Madeleine. *Trading Places: Colonization & Slavery in 18th-Century French Culture* (2010)
* .
* Rosenblum, Mort. *Mission to Civilize: The French Way* (1986) online review
* Rothermund, Dietmar. *Memories of Post-Imperial Nations: The Aftermath of Decolonization, 1945–2013* (2015) excerpt; Compares the impact on Great Britain, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Portugal, Italy and Japan
* Singer, Barnett, and John Langdon. *Cultured Force: Makers and Defenders of the French Colonial Empire* (2008)
* Thomas, Martin, ed. *The French Colonial Mind, Volume 1: Mental Maps of Empire and Colonial Encounters* (France Overseas: Studies in Empire and D) (2012); *The French Colonial Mind, Volume 2: Violence, Military Encounters, and Colonialism* (2012)
### Tarihi da memoir
* Bennington, Alice. "Writing Empire? The Reception of Post-Colonial Studies in France." *Historical Journal* (2016) 59#4: 1157–1186. abstract
* .
* Lawrence, Adria K. *Imperial Rule and the Politics of Nationalism: Anti-Colonial Protest in the French Empire* (Cambridge UP, 2013) online reviews