Yarjejeniyar 'Yancin Dan Adam da Dokar Hakki ta 2006

Dokar Yarjejeniyar Ƴancin Ɗan Adam da Haƙƙi ta 2006 Dokar Majalisar Dokoki ce ta jihar Victoria, Ostiraliya, wacce aka tsara don karewa da inganta' yancin ɗan adam.

Yana yin hakan ta hanyar lissafin jerin haƙƙin ɗan adam, wanda aka haɓaka daga waɗanda ke cikin Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa ta 'Yancin Bil'adama da Siyasa, tare da wasu tanadi na tilasta aiki. Dokar ta fara aiki sosai a ranar 1 ga Janairun 2008 kuma tana iya aiki ta hanyar da ta yi kama da Dokar ''Yancin ɗan adam ta Burtaniya ta 1998 ko Dokar' Yancin Kanada. 

## Game da aikin
Dokar ta kare muhimman hakkoki ashirin da daya, ciki har da:

* Hakkin amincewa da daidaito a gaban doka (sashi na 8) 
* Hakkin rayuwa (Sashe na 9) 
* Hakkin kariya daga azabtarwa da zalunci, rashin mutunci ko wulakanci (sashi na 10) 
* Hakkin samun 'yanci daga aikin tilas (Sashe na 11) 
* Hakkin 'yancin motsi (sashi na 12) 
* Hakkin sirri da suna (sashi na 13) 
* Hakkin 'yancin tunani, lamiri, addini da imani (Sashe na 14) 
* Hakkin 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki (Sashe na 15) 
* Hakkin yin taro na zaman lafiya da 'yancin yin tarayya (Sashe na 16) 
* Hakkin kare iyalai da yara (Sashe na 17) 
* Hakkin shiga cikin rayuwar jama'a (sashi na 18) 
* Hakkin al'adu (sashi na 19) 
* Hakkin dukiya (Sashe na 20) 
* Hakkin 'yanci da tsaron mutum (Sashe na 21) 
* Hakkin samun kulawa ta mutunci lokacin da aka hana 'yanci (sashi na 22) 
* 'Yancin yara a cikin tsarin aikata laifuka (sashi na 23) 
* Hakkin sauraron adalci (Sashe na 24) 
* Hakki a cikin shari'o'in aikata laifuka (Sashe na 25) 
* Hakkin kada a gwada shi ko a hukunta shi fiye da sau ɗaya (sashi na 26) 
* Dokokin aikata laifuka na baya-bayan nan (sashi na 27) 

## Tarihi
Ostiraliya ita ce kadai kasar dimokuradiyya a duniya da ba ta da Dokar 'Yancin (ko irin wannan kariya).  Don yin wani hanya don magance wannan, a cikin 2005 Babban Birnin Australiya (ACT) ya ɗauki matakai don aiwatar da Dokar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta 2004 don kare' yanci, girmamawa, daidaito da mutunci a cikin iko.

Gwamnati Ma'aikata ta Victoria, a cikin 2005 a ƙarƙashin Ma'aikatar Bracks, ta shiga cikin shawarwarin al'umma don dokar 'Yancin Dan Adam mai kama da waɗanda aka aiwatar a cikin ACT da Dokar 'Yancin dan Adam ta Burtaniya ta 1998.  Babban Lauyan Victoria Rob Hulls ya yi jayayya cewa Dokar 'Yancin Za ta "ƙarfafa dimokuradiyya kuma ta tsara haƙƙinmu a wuri ɗaya mai sauƙi".  Bayan shawarwarin al'umma, gami da shigarwa daga Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Australiya, an gabatar da dokar kuma an yi muhawara a Majalisar a ranar 2 ga Mayu 2008. Dokar Victoria ta 'Yancin Dan Adam da Hakki ta 2006 ta sami amincewar sarauta a ranar 25 ga Yuli 2006 kuma ta fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Janairun 2008.

## Ƙuntatawa da iko
Wasu sun yi imanin cewa kamar yadda ya samo asali ne a Victoria Dokar ba ta samar da kariya a waje da 'dokar' ta Victoria ba; duk wata doka ta tarayya tana da fifiko ba tare da la'akari da keta kowane haƙƙi ba. Koyaya, kundin tsarin mulki bai ba da izinin nuna bambanci tsakanin jihohi ba. Babu wani 'ƙwasar ikon jihar', kawai tarayya. Har zuwa lokacin da kundin tsarin mulki ya dace da kundin tsarin mulkin, ya shafi dukkan jihohi. Yarjejeniyar ta kuma ba da ikon Majalisar don dakatar da ko keta haƙƙoƙi a yanayi na musamman, kamar lokacin da suke fuskantar mummunar barazanar tsaro ko yanayin gaggawa.

Kotuna ba su da ikon kaddamar da dokokin da ke hanawa, amma suna iya fassara tanadin doka ta hanyar da ta dace da haƙƙin ɗan adam.

## Manazarta