Jirgin ruwa na kogi

Jirgin bindigogi na Rafi wani nau'in jirgin bindigogi ne wanda aka daidaita don ayyukan kogi. **Jirgin ruwa na kogi** suna buƙatar ƙarancin tsari don kewaya kogi. Za su kasance ɗauke da ƙananan bindigogi, ko kuma cakuda bindigogi da bindigogi. Idan sun ɗauki fiye da ɗaya, ɗayan na iya zama howitzer, don bombardment na bakin teku. Yawancin lokaci ba su da makamai. USS *San Pablo* wanda kuma aka bayyana a cikin Richard McKenna's The Sand Pebbles misali ne na wannan nau'in jirgin ruwa, yana aiki a kan Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Amurka ta Yangtze Patrol. Jiragen yaki na kogi masu ƙarfi tare da manyan bindigogi sune masu sa ido kan kogi.

## Jiragen ruwa na kogi na ƙasar Sin

Ƙasashe daban-daban na Turai, Amurka, da Japan, sun kula da jiragen ruwa na waɗannan jiragen ruwa masu zurfi da ke sintiri a kogunan ƙasar Sin. Waɗannan jiragen ruwa suna aiwatar da haƙƙin yarjejeniyar waɗancan ƙasashe a ƙarƙashin yarjejeniyar da China ta fara sanya hannu bayan da aka ci ta a lokacin Yaƙin Opium na farko da Burtaniya. Fa'idodin wutar lantarki da ƙananan ruwa sun nuna cewa sabbin jiragen Turai da farko sun fi duk wani abu da ke akwai ga Sinawa.

Ƙasashen waje sun sami izini daga China, kamar extraterritoriality ga 'ƴan ƙasarsu a China, kuma jiragen ruwa sun ƴan sanda waɗannan haƙƙoƙin.

### Birtaniya

Royal Navy (RN) gunboats, ƙidaya a matsakaita 15 a shekara a cikin ruwan kasar Sin, sun yi aiki a matsayin "jirage na tashar", an sanya su zuwa takamaiman tashar jiragen ruwa, kuma an tsara su don ayyukan kogi. RN ta ci gaba da sintiri da kuma rakawa sama da ƙasa a Yangtze da ke Shanghai har zuwa ƙarshen Yarjejeniyar Duniya a shekarar 1941. Waɗannan jiragen ruwa sun kasance wani ɓangare na tashar jiragen ruwa ta China kuma an tura jiragen ruwa na nau'o'i daban-daban kuma galibi ana motsa su zuwa da kuma daga wasu manyan koguna na duniya. Sojojin ruwa sun gina jiragen ruwa masu yawa don yakin Crimea a cikin shekarun 1850 kuma da yawa daga cikin waɗannan sun sami hanyar zuwa China Station daga baya. Yayin da aka watsar da waɗannan jiragen ruwa, an maye gurbinsu da sabon nau'in jirgin ruwa wanda aka gina shi don inshore da sabis na kogi a duniya, jiragen ruwa na Beacon- da kuma daga baya Frolic-class.

Manufar da aka gina jiragen ruwa na kogi na Insect da Fly waɗanda suka ga sabis a cikin Yakin Mesopotamiya a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Danube a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na farko an tura su zuwa China a lokacin yakin duniya na farko *Kunama* sun shiga cikin abubuwan da suka faru na lokacin mamayewar Japan a China da kuma farkon gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Pacific na Yaƙin Duniya ya Biyu.  da  sun shiga cikin Lamarin USS  . An kara Kwari a cikin 1937 ta [./&#x3C;i&#x20;id= Dragonfly-class_river_gun_boat" id="mwQw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Dragonfly-class river gun boat">Jiragen ruwa na *Dragonfly*], uku daga cikinsu, Dragonfly, Grasshopper da Scorpion sun shiga cikin fada a Malay Peninsula da Singapore.

### Amurka
Sana'ar sojojin ruwa na Amurka sun kasance na shekaru daban-daban, ƙira, girma, da amfani.  Sana'ar farko ta yi tafiye-tafiye takaitattun tafiye-tafiye tsakanin shekarar 1861 zuwa 1901 amma ba kasafai aka sanya su a sintiri na dindindin ba.  A cikin 1901 manyan jiragen ruwa guda biyu, USS Helena (ton 1290 da ma'aikatan 170) da Wilmington (ton 1570 da 212), an sanya su zuwa "Second Division" na Asiatic Squadron a matsayin sintiri na kogi na dindindin, kodayake sun yi girma sosai don sintiri a cikin ƙasa, har zuwa 1932 da 1923 mutuntawa.  A shekara ta 1903, an kama kwale-kwale na sojojin ruwan Spain da aka kama a 1898, suka fara sintiri da aka tsara don kai su gaba zuwa Chongqing.  USS Elcano, wani jirgin ruwa mai nauyin ton 620 tare da ma'aikatan jirgin 103, da USS Villalobos, wani jirgin ruwa mai nauyin tan 350 tare da mutane 50, sun yi aiki har zuwa 1928, lokacin da aka sallame su kuma suka nutse.  USS Callao (ton 240) da Quiros ('yar'uwar jirgin ruwa zuwa Villalobos) sun yi aiki har zuwa 1916 da 1923.

A shekara ta 1914, an tarwatsa wasu sana'o'in sintiri guda biyu masu nauyin ton 204, da mutum 50 na zanen Birtaniyya da aka gina a tashar jiragen ruwa na tekun Mare Island, aka tura su kasar Sin, aka sake haduwa a birnin Shanghai.  USS Palos ta yi sintiri har zuwa 1934, lokacin da ta zama tashar jirgin ruwa a Chongqing, da Monocacy har zuwa 1939. An kafa Patrol na Yangtze a hukumance a 1922 a matsayin wani bangare na Tashar jiragen ruwa na Asiya.  A shekarar 1928 ne aka kera sabbin sana'o'i guda shida a birnin Shanghai, masu girma dabam uku.  USS Guam da Tutuilla, ton 380 da ma'aikatan jirgin 60, sun sami damar tuka kogin gaba daya a duk shekara.  USS Panay da Oahu, ton 450 da wani kari na 65;  da Luzon, ton 560 da maza 82, jiragen ruwa ne na "Mayu-Satumba", suna iya sintiri gaba daya kogin kawai a cikin watanni masu yawa na ruwa.  (Jirgin 'yar'uwar Luzon, USS Mindanao ya yi aiki a bakin tekun China amma ba a cikin sintiri na kogi ba.) Ban da Panay, da jiragen saman Japan suka nutse a cikin Disamba 1937, sabbin jiragen ruwa sun yi aiki a China har zuwa ƙarshen 1941..

## Manazarta