Christine Grant (masaniyar kimiyya)

**Christine Sharon Grant** injiniyan sinadarai ce 'yar Amurka wacce ita ce Shugabar Ci gaban Malamai a Jami'ar Jihar North Carolina . Bincikenta ya yi la'akari da kimiyyar saman ƙasa da muhalli. Ita ce Shugabar Cibiyar Injiniyoyi Masu Sinadarai ta Amurka a shekarar 2022.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Grant a arewacin New York .  Mahaifinta yana koyar da kiɗa, mahaifiyarta kuma tana koyar da kimiyya, kuma ta girma tana yin gwaje-gwajen kimiyya a gidanta da lambunta.  Grant ta shiga cikin Shirin Ƙara Masu Digiri a Injiniyancin Ƙananan Ƙananan Mutane (PIMEG) a General Electric, wanda ya fara gabatar da ita ga ayyukan fasaha.  Ta sami digirin farko a Jami'ar Brown, inda take cikin rukuni na biyu na ɗalibai don yin babban digiri a injiniyancin sinadarai.  A matsayinta na ɗalibi mai digiri na farko, ita ce Shugabar Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyi Baƙaƙe ta Jami'ar Brown.  Ta ƙaura zuwa Georgia Tech don karatun digiri na biyu. Ta kammala binciken digiri na uku a shekarar 1989, a lokacin da ta yi karatun cire ma'adanai masu ƙarfi daga electro-osmotic.  

## Bincike da aiki
Grant ta yi nazarin hanyoyin da ke haifar da gurɓatawa da kuma kawar da gurɓatawa. Aikinta yana bincika hanyoyin sinadarai da sufuri da ke faruwa a mahaɗin sinadarai masu ƙarfi da ruwa, kuma yana haifar da samuwar da kuma cire ma'adanai. Daga cikin yankunan masana'antu da Grant ya yi la'akari da su akwai cire sinadarai masu rai daga gilashi, cire sinadarai masu sinadarin calcium daga bakin ƙarfe da kuma ajiye man shafawa a cikin haɗakar faifai. Ta nuna cewa ana iya amfani da ƙarin abubuwa don rage lalacewa da tara man shafawa a yanayin zafi mai yawa.  Ta shiga jami'ar Jihar North Carolina a 1989. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin mata 'yan Afirka ta farko da aka naɗa cikakkiyar farfesa a fannin injiniyan sinadarai. 

## Sabis na ilimi
Grant ta himmatu wajen inganta bambancin ra'ayi da daidaito a fannin injiniyan sinadarai. An karrama ta saboda aikinta na mai ba da shawara da kuma mai koyarwa.  An nada ta a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar ci gaban malamai da shirye-shirye na musamman a Jami'ar Jihar North Carolina a shekarar 2008 kuma har yanzu tana aiki a wannan matsayin.  A cikin wannan matsayin ta fara ba da jagoranci, ta kula da shirye-shiryen fadada shiga da kuma kirkirar "Telebijin na Ci gaban Malamai", wani shiri na ci gaban kwararru ga ma'aikata.  Grant shine wanda ya kafa STEM Resilience, wata kungiya da ke neman tallafawa kungiyoyin da aka ware a fannin kimiyya, fasaha da injiniyanci. 

Grant ta riƙe mukamai daban-daban na shugabanci a Cibiyar Injiniyoyi Masu Sinadarai ta Amurka (AIChE): ita ce mace 'yar asalin Afirka ta farko da aka zaɓa a matsayin 'yar ƙungiyar jama'a kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar Kwamitin Harkokin 'Yan tsiraru da kuma kwamitin gudanarwa.  An zaɓe ta a matsayin shugabar ƙasa a 2021. 

Grant kuma darakta ne a fannin Fadada Shiga Injiniya (BPE) da kuma shirye-shiryen Kwalejoji da Jami'o'i na Baƙaƙen Tarihi - Ingantaccen Bincike (HBCU - EIR) a Gidauniyar Kimiyya ta Ƙasa (NSF). 

## Lambobin yabo da girmamawa

* Kyautar Jagoranci ta Ƙungiyar Ci Gaban Kimiyya ta Amurka  
* Kyautar Cibiyar Injiniyoyi Masu Sinadarai ta Amurka ga Masu Gabatar da Bambancin Bambanci 
* Abokin Cibiyar Injiniyoyi Masu Sinadarai ta Amurka 
* Kyautar Yankin Stanley C. na Ƙungiyar Sinadarai ta Amurka 
* Kyautar Jagoranci ta Winifred Burks-Houck daga Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Ci gaban Ƙwararrun Masana Kimiyyar Sinadarai da Injiniyoyi Masu Sinadarai (NOBChE) 
* Kyautar Jagorancin Ƙwararru ta Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Ci gaban Ƙwararrun Masana Kimiyyar Sinadarai Baƙaƙe da Injiniyoyi Masu Sinadarai 
* Kyautar Cibiyar Injiniyoyi Masu Sinadarai ta Amurka ga Masu Gabatar da Bambancin Bambanci 
* Kyautar Joseph N. Cannon ta Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Ci gaban Ƙwararrun Masana Kimiyyar Sinadarai da Injiniyoyi Baƙaƙe 
* Kyautar William W. Grimes ta Cibiyar Injiniyoyi Masu Sinadarai ta Amurka don Ingantaccen Injiniyan Sinadarai 
* An shigar da shi cikin ƙungiyar bincike ta Sigma Xi 
* Kyautar Bambance-bambancen da Majalisar Binciken Sinadarai (CCR) ta bayar 
* An zaɓe shi don shiga taron shekara-shekara na 12 na Gabar Injiniya ta Amurka ta Kwalejin Injiniya ta Ƙasa (NAE) 
* Kwalejin Injiniya ta Ƙasa - CASEE Boeing Senior Fellowship  
* Kyautar Ilimi ta Musamman ga Tsoffin Daliban Ƙasa don Digiri na Digiri na Biyu ga Ƙananan Ƙananan Masana'antu a Injiniya (GEM) 
* Kyautar Shugaban Ƙasa ta NSF don Ingantaccen Ilimi a Kimiyya, Lissafi da Jagorancin Injiniya (PAESMEM) 

## Littattafai da aka zaɓa

*  
*  
*  
* Decuir-Cunby, Jessica T.; Grant, Christine; Gregory, Bradley. (January 2013). "Exploring career trajectories for women of color in engineering: The experiences of African American and Latina engineering professors". *Journal of Women and Minorities in Science and Engineering*. **19** (3): 209–225. doi:10.1615/JWomenMinorScienEng.2013005769.

## Manazarta