Tsarin Rage Gurbacewar Carbon

**Tsarin rage gurɓacewar Carbon** (ko CPRS) wani shiri ne na cinikin hayaki-da-ciniki don iskar gas na ɗan adam da gwamnatin Rudd ta gabatar, a matsayin wani ɓangare na manufofinta na canjin yanayi, wanda ya kasance saboda farawa a Ostiraliya a cikin 2010. Ya nuna babban canji a manufofin makamashi na Ostiraliya. An fara tsara manufofin ne a cikin watan Afrilun 2007, lokacin da Jam’iyyar Labour ta Tarayya ke adawa, kuma Jihohi shida da ke karkashin Jam’iyyar Labour suka ba da umarnin yin nazari mai zaman kansa kan manufofin makamashi, Garnaut Climate Change Review, wanda ya buga rahotanni da dama. Bayan Labour ta lashe zaben tarayya na 2007 kuma ta kafa gwamnati, ta buga Green Paper kan sauyin yanayi don tattaunawa da sharhi. Baitul malin tarayya sannan ta tsara wasu tasirin kuɗi da tattalin arziki na shirin CPRS.

Gwamnatin Rudd ta buga White Paper na ƙarshe a ranar 15 ga Disamba 2008, kuma ta sanar da cewa an yi niyyar aiwatar da dokar a watan Yuli 2010; amma dokar ta CPRS (aka ETS) ta kasa samun adadin a Majalisar Dattawa kuma sau biyu an ki amincewa da ita ta haifar da rugujewar zabe sau biyu. Muhawarar siyasa mai daci a tsakanin 'yan adawar kawancen ya ga madugun 'yan adawa Malcolm Turnbull ya rasa shugabancin a hannun Tony Abbott mai adawa da CPRS. Gwamnatin Rudd ba ta kira zabe ba kuma a cikin Afrilu 2010, Rudd ya jinkirta shirye-shiryen CPRS.

Bayan zaben tarayya na 2010, gwamnatin Gillard ta sami damar yin amfani da kayan aikin Carbon Pricing Mechanism a matsayin wani ɓangare na Kunshin Tsabtace Tsabtace Tsabtace Tsabtace Mahimmanci (CEF) a cikin 2011, kuma ya zama mai tasiri a kan 1 Yuli 2012. Duk da haka, bayan zaɓen tarayya na 2013 an sami canji a cikin gwamnati, kuma gwamnatin Abbott ta soke kunshin CEF a kan Yuli 14. Saboda yawan rashin tabbas na manufofin da ke kewaye da tsarin, ƙungiyoyi a Ostiraliya sun mayar da martani ta hanyar da ba na yau da kullun ba kuma an hana su yin duk wani babban saka hannun jari a fasahar rage fitar da hayaki yayin aikin shirin.

## Tarihi
A shekarar zabe ta 2007, gwamnatin hadin gwiwa karkashin jagorancin Liberal da kuma jam'iyyar adawa ta Labour sun yi alkawarin bullo da cinikin carbon. Jagoran 'yan adawa Rudd ya ba da umarnin bitar Canjin Yanayi na Garnaut akan 30 Afrilu 2007, yayin da Firayim Minista John Howard ya ba da sanarwar shirin nasa na tsarin kasuwancin carbon akan 4 Yuni 2007,  bayan rahoton ƙarshe na Ƙungiyar Taskungiyar Taimakon Firayim Minista kan Kasuwancin Fira. Labour ta lashe zaben ranar 24 ga Nuwamba 2007.

## Koren Takarda
Daftarin Rahoton Garnaut, wanda aka fitar a ranar 4 ga Yuli, 2008, ɗaya ne kawai daga cikin abubuwan da yawa a cikin tsarin tsara manufofi. Gwamnatin Kwadago ta kuma fitar da "Green Paper" a ranar 16 ga Yuli 2008 wanda ya bayyana tsarin da aka yi niyya na tsarin ciniki na carbon.

Tsarin Rage Gubawar Carbon, wata hanya ce ta tushen kasuwa game da gurbatar iskar gas, da za a aiwatar a cikin 2010 (Sashen Canjin Yanayi, 2008, 9). Babban abin da ke damun gwamnatin Ostiraliya shi ne samun ƙirar irin wannan tsarin daidai, ta yadda za ta dace da tsarin manufofin tattalin arziki da aka haɗa, kuma da ta kasance daidai da dabarun kasuwanci na Gwamnati (Sashen Canjin Yanayi, 2008, 10).

Makasudin Tsarin Rage Gurbacewar Carbon shine don cimma burin rage hayakin Ostiraliya a cikin mafi sassauƙa kuma mai inganci; don tallafawa tasiri mai tasiri a duniya game da sauyin yanayi; da kuma ba da taimako na wucin gadi ga gidaje da kamfanoni da abin ya shafa (Sashen Canjin Yanayi, 2008, 14).

Tushen tsarin rage gurɓataccen gurɓataccen Carbon ya kasance tsari ne da tsarin kasuwanci, kuma hanya ce ta ƙayyadaddun gurɓataccen gurɓataccen iska, tare da ba wa ɗaiɗaikun jama'a da ƴan kasuwa kwarin gwiwa don rage hayakinsu (Sashen Sauyin yanayi, 2008, 11). Gwamnatin Ostiraliya za ta saita iyaka kan hayakin carbon, daidai da dogon buri na rage hayakin Australiya da kashi 60 cikin ɗari idan aka kwatanta da matakan 2000 nan da 2050 (Sashen Canjin Yanayi, 2008, 11).

## Manazarta