Nauyin kaya

**Load ɗin tushe**  (kuma **baseload** ) shine ƙaramin matakin buƙata akan grid na lantarki na tsawon lokaci, misali, sati ɗaya. Ana iya biyan wannan buƙatar ta hanyar *tsire-tsire* masu ban sha'awa,  tsararrakin da za a iya aikawa,  ko ta hanyar tarin ƙananan hanyoyin samar da makamashi,  dangane da wace hanya ce mafi kyawun haɗin farashi, samuwa da aminci a kowace kasuwa ta musamman. . Sauran buƙatu, dabam-dabam a cikin yini ɗaya, suna saduwa da tsararrakin da za a iya aikawa waɗanda za a iya jujjuya su ko ƙasa da sauri, kamar lodin abubuwan da ke biye da wutar lantarki, kololuwar wutar lantarki, ko ajiyar makamashi .

Tsire-tsire masu amfani da wutar lantarki waɗanda ba sa canza wutar lantarki da sauri, kamar wasu manyan tashoshin kwal ko nukiliya, galibi ana kiransu tashoshin wutar lantarki. A cikin karni na 20 mafi yawan ko duk buƙatun nauyin tushe an sadu da su tare da tashoshin wutar lantarki,  yayin da sabon ƙarfin da ke kewaye da sabuntawa sau da yawa yana amfani da ƙarni mai sauƙi. 

## Bayyanawa
Masu aiki da grid suna ɗaukar dogon lokaci da gajeren lokaci don samar da wutar lantarki a lokuta daban-daban da daidaita wadata da buƙata a kai a kai. Cikakken gyare-gyare an san su da matsalar sadaukarwar raka'a a cikin samar da wutar lantarki.

Duk da yake a tarihi manyan tashoshin wutar lantarki sun yi amfani da tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki marasa canji don saduwa da nauyin tushe, babu takamaiman buƙatun fasaha don wannan ya zama haka. Za'a iya saduwa da nauyin tushe ta hanyar isasshen adadin hanyoyin samar da wutar lantarki da kuma tsara mai aikawa.

Tsire-tsire masu amfani da wutar lantarki na iya zama kwal, nukiliya, tsire-tsalle masu haɗuwa, wanda zai iya ɗaukar kwanaki da yawa don farawa da rufewa,  hydroelectric, geothermal,  biogas, biomass, hasken rana tare da ajiya da jujjuyawar wutar lantarki ta teku.

Halin da ake so na aikawa ya shafi wasu shuke-shuke na gas da hydroelectricity. Masu aiki da grid kuma suna amfani da *curtailment* don rufe shuke-shuke daga grid lokacin da ba a buƙatar makamashi ba.

## Tattalin Arziki

Masu aiki da grid suna neman tayin don neman mafi arha tushen wutar lantarki a cikin gajeren lokaci da na dogon lokaci.

Tsire-tsire na nukiliya da na kwal suna da tsada sosai, babban nauyin kayan aiki  amma ƙananan farashi.  A gefe guda, janareto masu yawa, kamar iskar gas, suna da ƙananan farashi, ƙananan kayan aiki da manyan farashi.

Wasu tashoshin wutar lantarki na kwal da na nukiliya ba sa canza samarwa don daidaita buƙatun amfani da wutar lantarki tunda wani lokacin yana da tattalin arziki don sarrafa su a matakan samarwa na yau da kullun, kuma ba duk tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki ba ne aka tsara su. IEA ta ba da shawarar cewa tashoshin wutar lantarki na kwal bai kamata su gudana a matsayin baseload ba, saboda hakan Yana fitar da carbon dioxide mai yawa, wanda ke haifar da canjin yanayi. Wasu tashoshin wutar lantarki na nukiliya, kamar waɗanda a Faransa, suna iya amfani da su azaman kaya bayan tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki kuma suna canza fitar da su, har zuwa wani mataki, don taimakawa wajen biyan buƙatu daban-daban. 

Some combined-cycle plants usually fuelled by gas, can provide baseload power,as well as being able to be cost-effectively cycled up and down to match more rapid fluctuations in consumption.

A cewar babban jami'in zartarwa na National Grid plc Steve Holliday a cikin 2015, da sauransu, baseload ya zama "ya wuce gona da iri".   A shekara ta 2019, Steve Holliday ya bar matsayinsa na Shugaba na National Grid plc kuma ya ci gaba da yin rikodin cewa, "Yana da wahala a yi tunanin cewa nukiliya ba ta da muhimmiyar rawa da za ta taka" 

## manazarta
 

* Abinda zai iya aiki
* Gudanar da bukatar makamashi
* Adana makamashi na grid
* Daidaitawar nauyi (ƙarfin lantarki) 
* Gidan yanar gizo mai hankali
* Load bayan tashar wutar lantarki
* Tashar wutar lantarki mai girma

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Base Load Power Plants - Tushen Wutar Lantarki - Kashe
* Kudin da aka kashe na samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar Fasaha - Kashe
* Littafin Ayyukan Makamashi da Tattalin Arziki (.doc) - An Kashe