Bitrus Sinks

Peter Sinks wani rami ne na halitta a arewacin Utah wanda yake daya daga cikin wurare masu sanyi a cikin Amurka.

Peter Sinks yana da  sama da matakin teku, a cikin Dutsen Kogin Bear kusan  arewa maso gabas na Logan, a cikin dajin Wasatch-Cache . Saboda jujjuyawar yanayin zafi da ke kama iskan sanyin dare, yana samar da mafi ƙarancin yanayin zafi a cikin ƙasar Amurka. Ko da a lokacin rani, kasan ramin ba kasafai yake tafiya kwanaki hudu a jere ba tare da daskarewa ba. Yana da sanyi sosai a kusa da kasan ramin da bishiyoyi suka kasa girma. &#x5B;&#x5D;

## Ilimin ƙasa
Peter Sinks yana cikin tsaunukan Bear River na Arewacin Utah . Ya ƙunshi da farko na dutse da dolomite, ruwan da ke gudana ta hanyar tsarin ruwa na ƙasa na tsaunuka yana lalata ɓangarorin kayan don ƙirƙirar koguna ta hanyar narkar da kayan a cikin duwatsun carbonate. Da zarar waɗannan ramuka sun kai girmansa, ƙasa da ke sama za ta rushe a cikinsu don ƙirƙirar sinkholes da sauran yanayin karst.

Peter Sinks ya ƙunshi ɓacin rai biyu da aka kafa ta wannan hanyar. Sauran sinkholes guda uku, Kudu, Tsakiya, da Arewa, suna gabashin Peter Sinks tare da Hanyar Amurka ta 89 da ke gudana ta Arewacin Sink. Rushewar waɗannan sinks ya inganta ta wurin kasancewar fashewa. Holocene seismicity da faulting a cikin Bear River Range yana da alaƙa da ƙaurawar Yellowstone hotspot da ke ƙarƙashin Yellowstone National Park, wanda ke arewacin yankin, galibi a Wyoming.

## Yanayi
Peter Sinks, yana zaune a tsawo na ƙafa 8,164 (2,488 , wani rami ne na dutse mai laushi (doline) kusan rabin mil (0.80  a fadin kuma ba shi da hanyar kwarin don zubar da ruwa ko iska. Yana daya daga cikin wuraren sanyi a cikin Amurka mai kusa.

A cikin kwanciyar hankali, dare marar gajimare, wannan tudun ruwa mai tsayi yana watsa zafin rana cikin hanzari zuwa sararin samaniya. Sanyi, iska mai yawa sannan zata iya zamewa ƙasa zuwa bene na kwandon shara a tsarin da aka sani da haɗa ruwan sanyi. A sakamakon haka, ƙananan zafin jiki na iya faruwa, musamman ma a farkon yanayin arctic a lokacin hunturu. A cewar Köppen yanayin rarrabuwa, yana da yanayi na subalpine na nahiyar,  taƙaice *Dsc*, ko da yake na musamman halaye na wannan yanayi ya hana daya daga cikin hallmark fasali na yanayi, daji daji, wanda, kamar yadda Köppen ya kafa tsarin da ke kewaye da rarraba ciyayi, ya nuna cewa Peter Sinks ya shimfiɗa iyakar tsarin.

### Rashin sanyi mai tsanani
A ranar 1 ga Fabrairu, 1985, an rubuta zafin jiki na -69.3 ° F (-56.3 ° C) a can, Rogers Pass (Montana)">mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki da aka rubuta a Utah, kuma mafi ƙaranci zafin jiki wanda aka taɓa rubuta a cikin Amurka. Mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki da aka rubuta ya kasance -69.7 ° F ko -56.5 ° C a Rogers Pass, Montana, a cikin 1954. 

Dalibi na Jami'ar Jihar Utah Zane Stephens ne ya gano muhimmancin yanayin Peter Sinks a shekarar 1983.  Stephens, tare da Cibiyar Yanayi ta Utah, sun sanya kayan auna a cikin kwarin a cikin hunturu na 1984. A ranar 1 ga Fabrairu, 1985, Peter Sinks ya sauka zuwa -69.3 ° F (-56.3 ° C), yayin da wani kwarin da ke kusa, Middle Sink, wanda ke da nisan mil 3 (4.8  zuwa arewa maso gabas, ya sauka til -64 ° F (−53.3 ° C). Stephens ya shiga cikin Middle Sink tare da Burns Israelsen don yin rikodin zafin jiki da kansa. Daga nan sai ya tashi zuwa Peter Sinks a cikin tashar talabijin ta KUTV tare da masanin watsa shirye-shirye Mark Eubank. masanin yanayin yanayi na jihar Gayle Bingham ya yi tafiya zuwa yankin kuma ya tabbatar da zafin jiki. An dawo da ma'aunin barasa da ake amfani da shi kuma an aika shi zuwa Ofishin Ka'idoji a Washington, DC, don tabbatar da zafin jiki.

Tun daga shekara ta 1985, Stephens da Tim Wright sun yi nazarin Peter Sinks da Middle Sink sosai tare da amfani da kayan aikin yanayi na Campbell Scientific. A ranar 29 ga Janairu, 2002, kuma a ranar 30 ga Janairu، 2023, zafin jiki ya sauka zuwa -62 ° F (-52.2 ° C) a Tsakiyar Sink. Babban binciken Stephens da Wright shine canjin zafin jiki ta hanyar juyawa a waɗannan shafuka. Wadannan kwari suna aiki kamar madatsar ruwa da ke kama iska mai sanyi, tare da mafi sanyi na iska da ke sauka a kasan kwarin. Stephens da Wright sun gano cewa yanayin zafi tsakanin iska mai sanyi "lake" da iska mai dumi sama da kwarin na iya bambanta da kusan  ° F (39 ° C).

## Manazarta