open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Anastasia Halaby

**Anastasia "Asiya" Halaby** (1909-12 Fabrairu 1998) 'Yar ƙasar Falasɗinawa ce mai yin dinki, jami'ar leƙen asiri da fassara, mai binciken kayan tarihi da kuma mai fafutuka. Ita 'yar'uwar mai zane ce Sophie Halaby kuma ƙarama a cikin yara uku. A lokacin mamayar Falasɗinu a lokacin Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida, Halaby ta fara aiki don yin tasiri ga rayuwar ɗaruruwan mata da kuma adana kayan aikin dinki na Falasɗinu . Ana yaba mata da ayyukanta na adanawa da bayar da gudummawa ga rayuwar Falasɗinawa bayan kafa ƙasar Isra'ila.  A ƙarshe, Asiya ta zama 'yar'uwa mai himma a siyasance, yayin da 'yar'uwarta, Sophie, mai zane.  

## Shekarun farko
An haifi Asia Halaby ga mahaifin wani Bafalasdine Kirista, Jiryes (George) Nicola Halaby, da kuma mahaifiyar Rasha Orthodox, Olga Akimovna Khudobasheva.   Iyayenta sun haɗu ne lokacin da mahaifinta yake karatu a Rasha a Kwalejin Tauhidi ta Kyiv, kuma suka koma tsakanin Urushalima da Kyiv har zuwa lokacin da suka zauna a Urushalima a 1917. Tun tana ƙarama, Halaby ta girma a Kiev, amma bayan hare-haren Baƙar Teku a 1914 da Daular Ottoman da Sojojin Ruwan Jamus suka kai a tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Rasha, tare da fara Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, iyalan sun gudu saboda tsoron cewa Olga za ta fuskanci zalunci. Bayan dawowar su Falasɗinu, iyalan sun zauna a Musrara, wata unguwa mai arziki a Sabon Birnin Urushalima.  Iyalin Halaby suna cikin waɗanda suka yi karatu mai zurfi: mahaifinta mai son Cocin Rasha ne, kuma mahaifiyarta malami ce.  Halaby tana da 'yan'uwa biyu, kuma a rayuwa ta gaba za ta rayu kuma ta yi aiki tare da 'yar uwarta Sophie wacce sananniyar mai fasaha ce mace-Palasdinawa wacce ta share fagen masu fasaha na gaba da kuma adawa da mamayar Isra'ila.  

## Ilimi
Halaby ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta 'Yan Matan Ingila, (wanda daga baya aka fi sani da Kwalejin 'Yan Matan Urushalima). [1] [2] Iyalin, kasancewarsu masu ilimi, sun daraja ilimi kuma sun bi yawancin al'ummar Urushalima wajen tura 'ya'yansu mata zuwa makarantar don su iya Turanci sosai, su sami damar shiga manyan makarantu, da kuma shirya wa duniya mai cike da dunkulewa. [1]

Ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1926. 

## Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu da kuma bayan Yaƙin Duniya
A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu Asiya ta fara aiki tare da gwamnatin Birtaniya, wanda zai ƙare a 1948.  Ta kasance memba a reshen mata na Rundunar Sojojin Burtaniya ta Auxiliary Territorial Services, tana mai da hankali kan ayyukan leƙen asiri a wajen Alkahira . Kasancewarta mai iya magana da harsuna da dama na yanki da na Turai, Larabci, Ibrananci, Faransanci, da Ingilishi, Halaby ta yi aiki a matsayin mai fassara.  

Bayan yaƙin, ƙaruwar hare-haren ta'addanci na Sihiyona, musamman harin bam da aka kai a Otal ɗin King David a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 1946, ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar Nadia Wahbe, 'yar uwar Sophie da Asia Halaby, da kuma wasu mutane casa'in da ɗaya da aka kashe. 

Masanin tarihi Ellen Fleichmann ta kuma yaba wa Halaby da cewa ta yi aiki a cikin ƙungiyar Larabawa, a matsayin jami'in hulɗa tsakanin Rundunar Sojojin Jordan da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a shekarar 1948. 

## Manazarta
Mary Railton

Brigadier **Dame Mary Railton**, DBE (28 ga Mayu 1906 - 12 ga Nuwamba 1992) babbar jami'ar sojojin Burtaniya ce. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Rundunar Sojojin Mata (WRAC) daga 1954 zuwa 1957, kuma Mataimakiyar Kwamandan Gudanarwa daga 1961 zuwa 1967. Ta shiga Rundunar Agajin Gaggawa ta Ma'aikatan Jinya ta Farko a matsayin direba a 1938, kuma a lokacin da aka fara Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ta kasance Kofur a cikin Hukumar Kula da Yankin Taimako (ATS) ta gabaci WRAC: ita ce daraktan WRAC na farko da ta yi aiki a sauran mukamai .    

Daga 4 ga Satumba 1954 zuwa 2 ga Oktoba 1957, ta kasance mataimakiyar girmamawa ga Sarauniya (ADC). [1] [2] A cikin bikin tunawa da ranar haihuwar Sarauniya ta 1956, an naɗa ta Kwamandan Dame na Order of the British Empire (DBE). [3]

## Manazarta
Jean Rivett-Drake

Brigadier **Dame Jean Elizabeth Rivett-Drake**, DBE , DL (1909 – 8 ga Agusta 1999) babbar jami'ar sojojin Birtaniya ce kuma 'yar siyasa. Ta yi aiki a matsayin darakta a rundunar sojojin mata tsakanin 1961 da 1964. Bayan ta yi ritaya daga aikin soja, ta shiga harkokin siyasa na gida kuma aka zaɓe ta a Majalisar Gundumar Hove (1966–1984) daga baya kuma ta zama Majalisar Gundumar East Sussex (1973–1977). Ta kasance Magajin Garin Hove daga 1977 zuwa 1978; ita ce mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan muƙamin.  

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Rivett-Drake a shekarar 1909 ga Bertram Gregory Drake da Dora Rivett-Drake.   Mahaifinta jami'in rundunar sojojin ruwa ne na Royal Naval Reserve wanda ya yi aiki a yakin duniya na farko kuma ya kai matsayin kwamanda .  

## Aikin soja
Rivett-Drake ta shiga Rundunar Sojojin Burtaniya don yin aiki a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu . An tura ta aiki a cikin Rundunar Sojojin Auxiliary Territorial (ATS) a matsayin wani ɓangare na biyu (watau laftanar na biyu ) a ranar 15 ga Afrilu 1942.  Ta ci gaba da aiki a ATS bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ya ƙare. A shekarar 1946, an ambaci ƙaramin Kwamanda (na wucin gadi) Rivett-Drake a cikin aika-aika "don girmama jarumtaka da manyan ayyuka a Arewa maso Yammacin Turai ".  A cikin bikin tunawa da ranar haihuwa ta 1947, an naɗa Babban Kwamanda (na wucin gadi) Rivett-Drake a matsayin Memba na Order of the British Empire (MBE). 

A shekarar 1949, ta koma ƙungiyar sojojin mata ta Royal Corps (WRAC) da aka kafa tare da matsayin subaltern (watau laftanar ) da kuma matsayi na gaba daga 13 ga Yuli 1934. [1] [2] A ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 1949, an ɗaukaka shi zuwa ƙaramin kwamandan soja (watau kyaftin ) tare da matsayi na gaba a wannan matsayi daga 13 ga Yuli 1938, [3] [4] sannan kuma aka ɗaukaka shi zuwa babban kwamandan soja (watau manyan sojoji ) tare da matsayi na gaba daga 13 ga Yuli 1945. [5] [2] An ɗaukaka ta zuwa laftanar kanar a ranar 2 ga Afrilu 1956, [6] da kuma kanar a ranar 27 ga Mayu 1957. [7]

Rivett-Drake ita ce darakta a rundunar sojojin mata daga 1961 zuwa 1964. A lokacin wannan naɗin, ta kuma kasance mataimakiyar girmamawa ga Sarauniya Elizabeth ta Biyu (HonADC). 

## Manazarta
Audrey Williamson

**Audrey Doreen Swayne Williamson** ( *daga baya Mitchell*  ) (28 Satumba 1926 &#x2013; 29 Afrilu 2010)  ɗan wasa ne ɗan Birtaniya wanda ya fafata musamman a tseren mita 200 kuma ya fafata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1948 .

## Tarihin Rayuwa

Williamson ya zo na uku bayan Sylvia Cheeseman a tseren mita 200 a gasar WAAA ta 1948.   

Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka, ta fafata a gasar Burtaniya a Gasar Olympics ta 1948, wadda aka gudanar a Landan, inda ta lashe lambar azurfa a tseren mita 200. [1] Lambar azurfa da ta samu a tseren mita 200 a Gasar Olympics ta kasance mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayo ga 'yar wasa mace 'yar Birtaniya.

## Manazarta
Judy Montagu

**Judith Venetia** " **Judy** " **Montagu** (6 ga Fabrairu 1923 - 8 ga Nuwamba 1972) wata 'yar asalin Ingila ce wacce abokiyar Gimbiya Margaret ce, Countess ta Snowdon . 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Montagu a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, 1923. A shari'ance, 'yar ɗan siyasan Birtaniya ce kuma Sakataren Harkokin Waje na Indiya Edwin Montagu . Duk da haka, tana iya kasancewa sakamakon wata alaƙa tsakanin mahaifiyarta, Venetia Stanley, mai son jama'a, da William Ward, Earl na 3 na Dudley . 

A ɓangaren mahaifinta, ita jikanyar fitaccen ma'aikacin banki ne na Birtaniya, Samuel Montagu, Baron Swaythling na 1, da Lady Elizabeth Cavendish.   A ɓangaren mahaifiyarta, ita jikanyar Edward Stanley ce, Baron Stanley na 4 na Alderley da Mary Katherine Bell. 

A watan Satumba na shekarar 1941, a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Montagu ta shiga Rundunar Sojojin Auxiliary Territorial (ATS) tare da 'yar uwarta Mary Churchill . An naɗa ta a matsayin ƙaramar rundunar soja ta biyu (daidai da matsayin Laftanar na biyu a Rundunar Sojojin Burtaniya) a ranar 4 ga Disamba, 1942. [1] An tura ta zuwa wani wurin da ake harba bindigogi kusa da Enfield a matsayin wani ɓangare na Rundunar Sojojin Sama ta 132 (Mai Haɗawa) Mai Kare Jiragen Sama, Royal Artillery, bayan ta nemi a yi amfani da bama-bamai masu kama da juna. [2] [3]

Montagu abokiyar Gimbiya Margaret ce, Countess of Snowdon kuma 'yar'uwar Sarauniya Elizabeth ta Biyu . Sun yi hutu tare a Italiya. Gimbiya Margaret ta bayyana sha'awarta ta soyayya ga Anthony Armstrong-Jones a Montagu, wanda da zai ɓoye sirrin Margaret a gare ta kuma nesanta ta da manema labarai. 

A shekarun 1950, Montagu ya ƙaura zuwa Rome ya zauna a Isola Tiberina .  Ta auri Milton Gendel a shekarar 1962. Suna da 'ya mace, Anna, wacce uwarta Gimbiya Margaret, Countess ta Snowdon ce .  Ta mutu sakamakon bugun jini ko bugun zuciya a shekarar 1972, tana da shekaru 49.   An binne ta a Cornwell Manor da ke Oxfordshire . 

## Manazarta
Eileen Nolan

Birgediya **Eileen Joan Nolan** CB (19 ga Yuni 1920 - 29 ga Disamba 2005) tsohuwar darakta ce ta ƙungiyar sojojin mata (WRAC).

## Shekarun farko
An haifi Eileen Joan Nolan a Bournville, kusa da Birmingham . Mahaifinta tsohon soja ne a Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, wanda daga baya Cadbury 's ta ɗauke shi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan fasaha. Ta halarci Makarantar King's Norton Grammar School a kan tallafin karatu. A shekarar 1942, ta shiga Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS) kuma aka tura ta zuwa Halifax, Yorkshire . A mafi yawan lokacin yaƙin, ta ci gaba da zama a reshen horo na ATS. A farkon 1945 ta shiga Sashen Horar da Jami'an Cadet kuma ta sami aikinta; ta zaɓi ta ci gaba da zama a soja, ta zama jami'ar aiki a Soja, sannan ta kai matsayin Brigadier . [1]

## Mukaman da aka riƙe

* Ƙaramin kwamandan (Kyaftin a Bataliya ta 12 ta Kamfanin "B", Prince's Gate, Kensington; 1946)
* Kyaftin Q (reshen kwata), Ofishin Yaƙi, wanda ke da alhakin jigilar kaya zuwa da kuma daga Gabas ta Tsakiya
* Major, WRAC (a Tripoli, Libya ; 1957)
* Rubutun gida, WRAC (1963; Stanmore )
* Sashen horar da jami'ai, WRAC (a Camberley )
* Laftanar Kanar, WRAC (1967; an tura ta zuwa Singapore, inda ta jagoranci WRAC; kuma ta shafi Malaysia, Hong Kong, Saigon da Bangkok )
* Kwalejin WRAC (1981; Sandhurst ; ɗaliban jami'a mata sun fara zama a shekarar 1984, wani muhimmin mataki na haɗa mata cikin rundunar sojoji ta yau da kullun)

## Ritaya
Nolan ya yi ritaya a matsayin darakta a shekarar 1977 kuma aka naɗa shi a matsayin Abokin Aikin Order of the Bath .

## Mutuwa
Eileen Nolan ta mutu a ranar 29 ga Disamba 2005, tana da shekaru 85 a Crowthorne, Berkshire, duk da cewa ba a sanar da mutuwarta ba sai a watan Fabrairu 2006. Ba ta taɓa yin aure ba.

## Manazarta
Leslie Whateley

**Dame Leslie Violet Lucy Evelyn Whateley**, DBE , TD (née **Wood** ; sunan aure na farko **Balfour** ; 28 Janairu 1899 - 4 Yuli 1987) Darakta ne na Hukumar Kula da Yankuna ta Auxiliary (ATS) a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu . 

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haife ta a ranar 28 ga Janairun 1899, 'yar Kanar Evelyn FitzGerald Michell Wood da Lilian (wanda aka haifa a matsayin Hutton). Ita jikanyar Field Marshal Sir Evelyn Wood ce .  

## Sana'a
Whateley ta shiga Hukumar Kula da Yankuna ta Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS) a shekarar 1938 kuma ta zama ƙaramar jami'a bayan ta samu horo a Chelsea Barracks . Ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Darakta na ATS daga Satumba 1941. [1] Ta kasance Darakta a Ƙungiyar Duniya ta Masu Shirya Mata da 'Yan Scouts daga 1951 zuwa 1964.

A shekarar 1948, Hutchinson Publishing da ke Melbourne ta buga rubuce-rubucenta mai taken *As thoughts survive*, wani littafi mai taken gabatarwar Gimbiya Royal ta wancan lokacin . 

## Aure
Ta auri William John Balfour, a ranar 8 ga Yuli, 1922. An raba auren ta hanyar saki a shekarar 1939. Ta auri Shugaban Rundunar Sojojin Harry Raymond Whateley a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 1939. Duk auren ba su da 'ya'ya. 

## Daraja

* 1951: Kayan Ado na Yankuna (TD) don dogon aiki a wuraren ajiyar kaya. 
* 1963: Kyautar Silver Fish, babbar kyautar manya ta ƙungiyar Girl Guide 
* 1965: *Bronze Wolf*, babbar kyauta ta Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar 'Yan Scout ta Duniya, wadda Kwamitin 'Yan Scout na Duniya ya ba shi saboda ayyukan da ya yi wa Ƙungiyar 'Yan Scout ta Duniya 

## Manazarta
Mary Soames

**Mary Soames, Baroness Soames** ( née Spencer Churchill ; 15 ga Satumba, 1922 31 ga Mayu 2014) marubuciya ce 'yar Ingila. Ita ce ƙarama daga cikin 'ya'yan Winston Churchill da matarsa, Clementine,  ta yi aiki a ƙungiyoyin jama'a ciki har da Red Cross da kuma Hukumar Sa-kai ta Mata daga 1939 zuwa 1941, kuma ta shiga Hukumar Kula da Yankuna ta Auxiliary a 1941. Ita ce matar ɗan siyasan Conservative Christopher Soames .

## Tarihin Rayuwa

An haifi Mary Spencer Churchill a Landan, a cikin makon da mahaifinta, Winston Churchill, ya sayi Chartwell, wani gidan ƙauye a Kent; an rene ta a can, tana halartar makarantun yankin. [1] Ta yi aiki a Red Cross da Hukumar Sa-kai ta Mata daga 1939 zuwa 1941, kuma ta shiga Sabis na Ƙasashen Taimako a 1941 [1] inda ta yi aiki a London, Belgium da Jamus a cikin batura masu haɗaka na jiragen sama, inda ta kai matsayin Ƙaramin Kwamanda (daidai da Kyaftin ). Ta raka mahaifinta a matsayin mataimaki a wasu tafiye-tafiyensa na ƙasashen waje, ciki har da tafiyarsa bayan VE zuwa Potsdam, inda ya haɗu da Harry S. Truman da Joseph Stalin . A 1945, an naɗa ta Memba na Daular Burtaniya (MBE), don girmama ayyukan soja masu kyau. [2]

Ta yi wa ƙungiyoyi da dama hidima, kamar Ƙungiyar Churchill ta Duniya, a matsayin Mai Taimako; Rundunar Sojojin Coci da Gidajen Churchill; kuma ta jagoranci Kwamitin Amintattu na Royal National Theatre tsakanin 1989 da 1995.  Ta kasance Mai Taimakon Asusun Taimako na Ƙasa ga Tsofaffi .

Ta raka mijinta, Christopher Soames, a matsayin jakada da/ko Gwamna a ƙasashen waje: zuwa Paris (a lokacin 1968-1972) inda ta zauna a Hotel de Charost, da kuma Rhodesia .

A shekarar 1980, an ɗaukaka Lady Soames zuwa Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) saboda hidimarta ga jama'a, musamman a Rhodesia. 

A shekarar 1992, Soames ta fito a cikin *Faifan Desert Island* na BBC Radio 4. Littafin da ta zaɓa shine *Memoirs from Beyond the Grave* na Chateaubriand kuma kayan alatu nata shine samar da sigari masu kyau na Havana .  Ta zaɓi wani motsi daga Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony a matsayin rikodin da ta fi so, wanda ya jawo mata farin cikin komawa ƙauyen, mace mai himma a cikin ƙauye.

A ranar 29 ga Afrilu, 2002 ta ci abinci tare da Sarauniya a Downing Street a matsayin wani ɓangare na bikin zagayowar zagayowar ranar 'yanci ta Golden Jubilee', tare da Firayim Minista Tony Blair, da tsoffin firayim minista huɗu da suka rage a lokacin, da kuma wasu dangin sauran firayim minista da suka mutu. 

An naɗa ta a matsayin ' Yar'uwar 'Yar'uwar Order of the Garter (LG) a ranar 23 ga Afrilu 2005,  kuma an saka ta a ranar 13 ga Yuni a Windsor Castle .  Ta yi amfani da alamar da mahaifinta, Winston Churchill, ya saka, wanda aka naɗa shi Knight Companion of the Order of the Garter a shekarar 1953. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Manazarta
Joy Tamblin

Air Commodore **Pamela Joy Tamblin** CB (11 Janairu 1926 &#x2013; 8 Maris 2015  ) babbar jami'a ce a rundunar sojin sama ta Royal Air Force . Ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta a rundunar sojin sama ta mata daga 1976 zuwa 1980. 

## Aikin soja
A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Tamblin ta yi aiki a Sashen Taimako na Yankuna . Ta yi aiki a Bletchley Park tsakanin 1943 da 1945. 

Ta shiga rundunar sojojin sama ta mata a shekarar 1951.  Ta yi aiki a reshen ilimi daga 1951 zuwa 1955, da kuma reshen gudanarwa daga 1955 zuwa 1976. Ta kasance kwamandan tashar jiragen ruwa na RAF Spitalgate daga 1971 zuwa 1974.  Ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na rundunar sojojin sama ta mata daga 1976 zuwa 1980, inda ta maye gurbin Molly Allott . 

Tamblin ta yanke shawarar yin karatu a Jami'ar Durham, wanda hakan ya haifar da digirin girmamawa na biyu a fannin "Geography and Economics". An yanke wannan shawara ne bayan da aka "sami Tamblin a matsayin Kofur". Ba da daɗewa ba, Tamblin ta gudanar da cibiyar ilimi sannan ta ci gaba da aiki a reshen gudanarwa a shekarar 1955, wanda ya haifar da "ma'aikata da gudanarwa gaba ɗaya". A shekarar 1951, ta shiga RAF kuma ta fara horo na tsawon makonni 12 don zama jami'i. Tamblin ta haɓaka ƙwarewarta a matsayin "mai yin hira, mai tsara shirye-shirye da kuma mai magana da yawun jama'a kuma ta ƙara da cewa ta koyi yadda ake sarrafa asusun ajiya". Tamblin tana da ayyuka daban-daban, wanda har yanzu yanayi ne da ba kasafai ake samun mace a ciki ba, har ma a yau. Shafin . Cornish da Devon Post. An adana daga ainihin a ranar 20 ga Fabrairu 2020 . An dawo da shi a ranar 8 ga Maris 2018 .

## Daraja
A bikin tunawa da ranar haihuwar Sarauniya ta shekarar 1980, an naɗa Tamblin a matsayin Abokin Umarnin Bath (CB). 

## Mutuwa
Joy Tamblin ta rasu a ranar 8 ga Maris, 2015 a Cornwall, tana da shekaru 89, bayan mijinta, Douglas, ya riga ta rasu.  

## Manazarta
Betty Harvie Anderson

**Margaret Betty Harvie Anderson, Baroness Skrimshire ta Quarter**, OBE , Kwamfuta , TD , DL (12 ga Agusta 1913 – 7 ga Nuwamba 1979) 'yar siyasa ce ta Jam'iyyar Conservative ta Burtaniya. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta zama Mataimakiyar Shugabar Majalisar Wakilai, wadda ta yi aiki daga 1970 zuwa 1973.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Harvie Anderson a Glasgow a ranar 12 ga Agusta 1913 ga Thomas Alexander Harvie Anderson da matarsa, Margaret Agnes "Nessie" Harvie Anderson (wanda aka haifa a Shearer).   Ta yi karatu a Makarantar St Leonards, wata makaranta mai zaman kanta a St Andrews . 

### Aikin soja
A shekarar 1938, ta shiga rundunar sojojin Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS).  An tura ta aiki a ATS a matsayin kwamandan kamfani (wanda yake daidai da kyaftin ) a ranar 21 ga Disamba 1938.  Lokacin da ATS ta sake tsara kuma aka ba ta cikakken matsayin soja a shekarar 1941, an naɗa ta a matsayin ƙaramin soja na biyu (wanda yake daidai da babban laftanar na biyu ) a ranar 30 ga Mayu. 

Ta yi aiki tukuru a rundunar sojojin sama ta Amurka a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, ciki har da tura ta zuwa River Forth a lokacin hare-haren jiragen sama na Jamus.  Daga 1942 zuwa 1943, ta kasance babbar kwamanda (daidai da matsayi da babban soja ) na rundunar sojojin sama ta Hadakar Jiragen Sama.  A ƙarshe an naɗa ta a matsayin babbar kwamanda (daidai da laftanar kanar ) na rundunar sojojin sama ta hadakar jiragen sama . Ta riƙe muƙamin har sai da ta bar ATS a 1946. 

## Aikin siyasa
A watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1945, an zaɓi Harvie Anderson a Majalisar Gundumar Stirlingshire . A shekarar 1953, ta zama shugabar ƙungiyar Moderate Group . 

Harvie Anderson ta tsaya takarar majalisar dokoki ta West Stirlingshire a shekarun 1950 da 1951 da kuma a Sowerby a shekarar 1955.  An naɗa ta a matsayin Jami'in Order of the British Empire (OBE) a shekarar 1956. 

Ta kasance 'yar majalisa (MP) mai wakiltar Renfrewshire East daga 1959 zuwa 1979. Duk da cewa Betty Boothroyd ita ce mace ta farko da ta zama shugabar majalisar wakilai, Harvie Anderson ita ce mace ta farko da ta zauna a kujerar shugaban majalisar wakilai a matsayin mataimakiyar shugaban majalisar wakilai (Mataimakiyar shugaban hanyoyi da hanyoyi) daga 1970 zuwa 1973. [1] A shekarun 1970, Harvie Anderson ta taimaka wajen sauya manufofin jam'iyyar Conservative game da mulkin mallaka na Scotland wanda ta dauka a matsayin barazana ga makomar Burtaniya. [2] Ta yi ritaya a matsayin 'yar majalisa a 1979. [3]

An bai wa Harvie Anderson matsayi na tsawon rai a bikin tunawa da ranar haihuwa ta 1979.  Ta karɓi sarautar **Baroness Skrimshire ta Quarter**, ta Dunipace a Gundumar Falkirk, wadda ta ƙunshi sunan mijinta da kuma kadarorin da ta mallaka a Scotland. 

A ranar 7 ga Nuwamba 1979, cikin mako guda da gabatar da ita ga Majalisar Sarakuna, ta mutu ba zato ba tsammani bayan ta kamu da cutar asma .  

## Rayuwa ta sirri
A ranar 5 ga Mayu 1960, Harvie Anderson ta auri John Francis Penrose Skrimshire, likita kuma ƙwararren likitan zuciya. Ba su da 'ya'ya. 

## Manazarta
Inna Sissoko Cissé

**Moussoumakan "Inna" Sissoko Cissé**, (née Sissoko, 11 ga watan Disamba, 1933 a Macina, Mali), 'yar siyasa ce ta ƙasar Mali, ma'aikaciyar jinya, kuma ma'aikaciyar jin daɗin jama'a  wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin Sakatariyar Harkokin Jama'a na Ƙasa  (*sekatare d'Etat aux Affaires sociales*) daga shekarun 1968 zuwa 1972. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta zama memba a gwamnatin Mali. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Inna Sissoko a cikin iyalin malamai. Ta yi makaranta a Ségou da Bamako. A shekarar 1953, ta fara aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar malamar makaranta. Daga nan ta yi karatun aikin jinya daga shekarun 1957 zuwa 1959 a Dakar. A shekarar 1959, ta koma Paris ta yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar zamantakewa har zuwa shekara ta 1962, sannan ta zama malamar aikin zamantakewa. Ta halarci Jami'ar Paris kuma ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1967 da digiri a fannin kimiyyar zamantakewa.

Duk da cewa Sissoko ba ta cikin jam'iyyar da ke mulki ba, Sudan Union–African Democratic Rally,  an zaɓe ta a matsayin Sakatariyar Harkokin Waje ta Harkokin Jama'a bayan juyin mulkin Mali na shekarar 1968, wanda ya sanya ta zama mace ta farko a cikin gwamnati a Mali.  Ta riƙe wannan matsayin har zuwa shekara ta 1972, lokacin da Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta karɓi ragamar gudanar da harkokin zamantakewa.  Tun daga shekarar 1985, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Ma'aikatar Kwadago da Ayyukan Jama'a (*ministère du Travail et de la Fonction publique*). 

A shekarar 1971, ta ƙaddamar da kamfen ɗin farko na Mali don ilimin jima'i da tsarin iyali. Sakamakon haka, gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Moussa Traoré ta kawo ƙarshen haramcin hana ɗaukar ciki a zamanin mulkin mallaka; Mali ita ce ƙasa ta farko da ke amfani da Faransanci a Afirka da ta ɗauki wannan matakin. Sissoko ta kasance mai fafutukar kare ƙungiyoyin mata, kuma ta goyi bayan kafa Ƙungiyar Mata ta Ƙasa ta Mali (*l'Association nationale des femmes du Mali*) a shekarar 1974.

Inna Sissoko Musulma ce. Ta rabu da Farfesa Django Cissé. Ta ɗauki 'ya'ya. Sissoko ita ce mace ta farko da aka naɗa a matsayin Babbar Jami'ar Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Mali. 

## Manazarta
Mary Tyrwhitt

Brigadier **Dame Mary Joan Caroline Tyrwhitt**, DBE , TD (22 Disamba 1903 - 18 Maris 1997) jami'ar sojojin Birtaniya ce. Ita ce darakta ta ƙarshe ta Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS) kuma darakta ta farko ta Women's Royal Army Corps (WRAC) lokacin da aka kafa ta a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 1949.

Mahaifinta shine Admiral na rundunar sojojin ruwa Sir Reginald Tyrwhitt, Baronet na 1st, wani jami'in rundunar sojojin ruwa ta Royal Navy . [1] [2]

## Mutuwa
Birgediya Dame Mary Tyrwhitt ta rasu a shekarar 1997, tana da shekaru 93, ba ta yi aure ba.

## Manazarta
Elaine Crowley (marubuci)

**Elaine Crowley** (an haife ta **Helena Bridget Rowland** ; 30 ga Mayu 1927 - 8 ga Fabrairu 2011)  marubuciya ce 'yar ƙasar Ireland.

An haifi Crowley a yankin Liberties na Dublin a shekarar 1927 ga uba ɗan asalin Brighton kuma mahaifiyar ɗan Ireland. Mahaifinta ya mutu sakamakon tarin fuka a shekarar 1942. Daga ƙarshe ta bar Ireland a ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ta shiga Sabis na Yankin Taimako (ATS) - wani reshe na rundunar sojojin Burtaniya wanda mata ke aiki gaba ɗaya. Ta yi yawancin rayuwarta ta girma a Wales . 

## Ayyuka
An fi saninta da littattafanta na Dreams of Other Days, The Young Wives and a Family Cursed, waɗanda aka rubuta a shekarunta na ƙarshe. Ta rubuta tarihin rayuwarta ta yarinta, A Dublin Girl: Growing Up in the 1930s (1996). [1]

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Crowley ta zauna a Port Talbot tare da mijinta; ma'auratan suna da 'ya'ya shida, jikoki goma sha takwas, da kuma babban dangi. Ta mutu a Swansea a ranar 8 ga Fabrairu 2011, tana da shekaru 83, sakamakon wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba. 

## Manazarta
Jenny Auld

**Janet Montgomery Jardine Auld** (1921 &#x2013; 16 ga Fabrairu 2017), wacce aka fi sani da **Jenny Auld**, 'yar siyasa ce ' yar Scotland .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife ta a Glasgow, Auld 'yar Mary Auld ce, wata fitacciyar jigo a Jam'iyyar Labour ta Scotland . Ta halarci Makarantar Nazari ta 'Yan Mata ta Hutchesons, sannan ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Glasgow . Ta yi aiki a Sashen Taimako a Yankin Auxiliary a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, inda ta kai matsayin sajent. [1] [2]

Auld ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Labour ta Scotland a Ayr a babban zaɓen Burtaniya na 1951, inda ya zo na biyu, da ƙuri'u 15,702. 

Daga baya ta yi horo a matsayin malamar makaranta, tana aiki a Makarantar Sakandare ta Duncanrig daga 1957, sannan ta koma East Kilbride .

Ta yi fafutukar ganin an mayar da Gabashin Kilbride ƙaramin birni, wanda aka cimma a shekarar 1963. An ba ta majalisar gari, inda aka zaɓi Auld, ta zama babbar Bailie ta farko. Daga 1966 zuwa 1972, ta yi aiki a kamfanin ci gaban garin, kuma a 1993 ta zama mace ɗaya tilo da aka mayar 'yantacciyar gari.

Ta yi aiki na tsawon lokaci a matsayin shugabar jam'iyyar Labour ta Scotland. 

## Manazarta
Alwata Ichata Sahi

**Alwata Ichata Sahi** (an haife ta a ranar 27 ga watan Maris, 1961) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Mali.

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haifi Sahi a ranar 27 ga watan Maris, 1961 a Gao.

Alwata Ichata Sahi, malamar makaranta ce ta hanyar horo, tare da digiri a fannin falsafa da digiri na biyu a Turanci, ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar ma'aikata a Ma'aikatar Gidaje, Harkokin Filaye da Tsarin Birane. An naɗa Alwata Ichata Sahi a matsayin Ministar Iyali da Haɓaka Mata da Yara a ranar 25 ga watan Nuwamba a Gwamnatin Cheick Modibo Diarra. An sake naɗa ta a wannan matsayi a gwamnatin haɗin kan ƙasa ta Cheick Modibo Diarra a wa'adin mulkinsa na gaba. 

A shekarar 2013, kafin babban zaɓen Mali a watan Yuli, Alwata Ichata Sahi ta ƙaddamar da wani kamfen don sauƙaƙe shigar da mata cikin tsarin zaɓe. An tallata ta da taken "Mace: Ita ce Babbar 'Yancin Ku na Zaɓe", kuma ƙungiyar Mata ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta goyi bayan kamfen ɗin. Ya fara ne a yankuna biyu na Mali kafin ya bazu zuwa sauran sassan ƙasar, inda ya haɗa da mata da matasa sama da 5000.

Alwata Ichata Sahi ta wakilci gwamnatinta a shekarar 2013 don karɓar kayan aikin kaciyar mata daga Asusun Yawan Jama'a na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNFPA) don tallafawa 'yan matan da abin ya shafa a Mali bayan tawayen makamai a arewacin ƙasar wanda ya fara a shekarar 2012. 
 

## Manazarta
Fanta Siby

**Fanta Siby** (an haife ta a shekarar 1962) likita ce 'yar ƙasar Mali kuma tsohuwar Ministar Lafiya da Ci gaban Jama'a.  

Ta sami digiri a fannin likitanci a Jami'ar Bamako a shekarar 1990. 

An naɗa ta Ministar Lafiya da Ci Gaban Jama'a a ranar 5 ga watan Oktoba 2020,  kuma  ta maye gurbinta a ranar 11 ga watan Yunin shekarar 2021.  

## Manazarta
N'Diaye Ramatoulaye Diallo

**N'Diaye Ramatoulaye Diallo** 'yar siyasa ce kuma 'yar kasuwa 'yar ƙasar Mali. Ta kasance Ministar Sana'o'i, Yawon Buɗe Ido da Al'adu a Mali daga shekarun 2014 zuwa 2020. 

Ita 'yar Diallo Lalla Sy ce, wani ɗan siyasa ɗan ƙasar Mali, tsohon Ministan Aiki da Ayyukan Jama'a. 

## Aiki
Ta fara aiki a kamfanoni masu zaman kansu inda a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa hukumar hulɗa da jama'a ta farko (tun daga shekarar 1998),  tana bai wa da shawara da goyon bayan ci gaban kamfanoni masu zaman kansu da dama tare da sanya alamar kirkire-kirkire a kan manyan abubuwan da suka faru a duniya waɗanda suka nuna yanayin ƙasar Mali tsakanin shekarun 2000 da 2010. Tashin hankalinta na siyasa ya samo asali ne daga kokarin da ake yi na jan hankalin 'yan ƙasa don shiga cikin kaɗa ƙuri'a, musamman a lokacin da ake fama da rashin amincewa da jama'a, rashin amincewa da manyan 'yan siyasa, da kuma rashin jin daɗin jama'ar Mali. Daga baya ta shiga fagen siyasa kuma, a shekarar 2013, ta zama mataimakiyar darakta a yakin neman zaben shugaban ƙasa ga Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta, wanda a lokacin ya wakilci fatan canji da ikon mallakar ƙasa. An naɗa ta a matsayin Ministan Ayyukan hannu, Yawon Buɗe Ido da Al'adu, ta tsara kuma ta aiwatar da wani babban shiri mai taken Timbuktu Renaissance kuma ta zartar da doka ta farko kan kadarorin ilimi, wanda ke nuna matsayin masu fasaha da 'yancinsu na rayuwa. Ta kuma kaddamar da wani shiri na sabunta bukukuwa a Mali.  Ta ƙaddamar da shirin Mirii Blon a shekarar 2019 domin tattara masu ruwa da tsaki a al'adu da kuma samar da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin masu ruwa da tsaki a fagen da kuma taimakawa wajen bunƙasa al'adu a Mali.  A matakin duniya, ita ce kuma ta ƙaddamar da Barometer na Shugabancin Al'adu na Afirka na farko, wani kayan aiki da ke da nufin aiwatar da Yarjejeniyar Farfaɗowar Al'adu ta Tarayyar Afirka. Ta kasance Mai Ba da Shawara ta Musamman ga Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa Dubai Expo 2020 ga Afirka da ƙasashen Faransa.  A halin yanzu ita ce ta kafa kuma Shugabar Gidauniyar GGWoA.

## Ilimi
Bayan kammala karatunta a shekarar 1993, ta sami digirin farko na Fasaha ta Duniya a Sadarwa da Talla daga Jami'ar Barry da ke Miami a shekarar 1996, sannan ta sami digiri na biyu a Talla da Talla daga Jami'ar Columbus a shekarar 1998.  Tana kuma da digiri na biyu a fannin gudanar da dabaru da kuma ilimin tattalin arziki daga Makarantar Yaƙin Tattalin Arziki ta Paris.  

## Karramawa
A watan Afrilun 2017, sabuwar gwamnatin Mali ta sake naɗa ta a matsayin Ministar Al'adu, tana ambaton nasarorin da ta samu a baya, ciki har da daidaita ma'aikata a cikin sashenta da kuma aiwatar da yarjejeniyar amincewa da nufin bai wa masu fasaha damar samun rayuwa mai kyau daga haƙƙin mallaka.  An karrama ta a matsayin Jami'in Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Mali ta Ƙasa, Kwamandan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Ƙasa ta Faransa kuma ta sami lambar yabo ta tunawa da bikin cika shekaru 70 da kafuwar UNESCO. 

## Manazarta
Maty Mint Hamady

**Maty Mint Hamady** (an haife ta a shekarar 1967) ƙwararriyar masaniya ce a fannin tattalin arziki  kuma 'yar siyasa a Mauritania wacce ta kasance Magajiyar Garin Nouakchott, babban birnin Mauritania kuma birni mafi girma, tun daga shekarar 2014. A da, ta kasance Ministar Ayyukan Jama'a, Kwadago da Zamantakewa na Gudanarwa daga shekarun 2011 zuwa 2013.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Hamady a shekarar 1967 a Ayoun el Atrous kuma ta girma a cikin iyali mai himma a siyasa. Tana karatun sakandare a Nouakchott, ta sami digirin farko a shekarar 1986. Ta ci gaba da karatunta a Mauritania kuma ta yi karatun tattalin arziki, inda ta sami digirin farko a shekarar 1988 a Jami'ar Nouakchott. Ta ƙware a fannin tattalin arzikin jama'a kuma ta sami digirin MA a shekarar 1990. 

## Aiki
A shekarar 1991, Hamady ta fara aiki a gundumar Nouakchott a sashen Gudanar da Kuɗi. Ta zama shugabar sashen ƙidayar haraji a shekarar 1993, kuma a shekarar 1997 aka ɗaukaka ta zuwa shugabar sashen hulɗa da ƙasashen waje.  A shekarar 1999, Hamady ta zama mai binciken kuɗi na Kotun Masu Bincike. Ta shiga Ma'aikatar Ciniki da Masana'antu a shekarar 2006 da Babban Bankin. Ta yi aiki na tsawon shekaru biyu a matsayin Daraktar Gasar Ciniki, Kare Masu Amfani da Zamba a Ma'aikatar sannan daga baya ta zama memba na Majalisar Manufofin Kuɗi ta Babban Bankin Mauritania a shekarar 2007. A shekarar 2009, Hamady ta zama mataimakiyar darakta ta SONIMEX, wani kamfanin shigo da kaya da fitarwa. A shekara mai zuwa aka naɗa ta Kwamishinan Tallafawa Zuba Jari.  Ta gudanar da taro na masu zuba jari na Qatar da Iran kuma ta ba ta taimako don cimma ayyukan saka hannun jarinsu. 

An naɗa ta a matsayin Ministar Ayyukan Jama'a, Aiki da Zamantakewa na Gudanarwa a watan Maris na shekara ta 2011. A watan Agusta na shekarar 2011, gwamnati ta ƙara mafi ƙarancin albashi daga 21,000 zuwa 30,000 UM.  Ta yi aiki a matsayin minista har zuwa watan Disamba na 2013. 

A ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairu, 2014, an zaɓi Hamady a matsayin Magajiyar Garin Nouakchott, inda ta zama magajiyar gari mace ta farko a tarihin birnin (amma ba a tarihin Mauritania ba). Ta kayar da Mohamed Ould Elhacen daga jam'iyyar masu tsattsauran ra'ayi ta Tewassoul. "Zaɓena saƙo ne na musamman ga matan Mauritania," in ji ta.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Tana da aure kuma tana da 'ya'ya uku.  Hamady tana jin Larabci da Faransanci. 

## Manazarta
N'Deye Tabar Fall

**N'Deye Tabar Fall **'yar siyasa ce ta ƙasar Mauritania. Tana ɗaya daga cikin mata uku da shugaba Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya ya naɗa a majalisar ministoci a shekarar 1987, tana mai son "gyara kurakuran shugabanci da yawa da aka yi a baya".   Ta zama sakatare janar na ma'aikatar lafiya da harkokin jama'a; Khadijatou Bint Ahmed an naɗa ta ministar ma'adinai da masana'antu, inda ta zama mace ta farko da ta riƙe muƙamin minista a tarihin ƙasar, yayin da aka naɗa Lalla Mariam Bint Moulaye Idriss mataimakiyar darakta a majalisar ministocin shugaban ƙasa. 

## Manazarta
Mary Marre

**Mary, Lady Marre** an haife ta **(Romola) Mary Gilling** (25 Afrilu 1920 - 6 Maris 2005) ma'aikaciyar sa kai ce ta Burtaniya kuma ma'aikaciyar gwamnati. Ta jagoranci Kwamitin Marre wanda ya binciki makomar sana'ar lauya. Sakamakon da ya samu ya haifar da Dokar Kotu da Ayyukan Shari'a a shekarar 1990.

## Rayuwa
An haifi Marre a Chelmsford . Iyayenta su ne Romola Marjorie (an haife ta Angier) da Aubrey John Gilling. Ita ce 'ya'yansu na farko a cikin 'ya'yansu huɗu. Mahaifinta yana kula da banki. Ta je Makarantar Sakandare ta 'Yan Mata ta Chelmsford County kafin ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Bedford . 

Ta yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a Ma'aikatar Lafiya  kafin ta shiga Hukumar Kula da Ayyukan Jinya ta Ƙasa a 1942. Ta yi aure a ranar Kirsimeti a 1943 kuma za ta yi aikin sa kai a cikin 'yan shekaru masu zuwa yayin da ita da Alan Marre ke da 'ya'ya. Ta jagoranci lokacin da ta fara gudanar da Ofishin Ba da Shawara ga Jama'a na West Hampstead a 1962. A 1974 ta hau kujerar Majalisar Kula da Ayyukan Jinya ta London kuma ta riƙe wannan matsayin na tsawon shekaru goma. A lokacin an sake wa ƙungiyar suna Majalisar Kula da Ayyukan Jinya ta London . 

Muhawara a bainar jama'a game da rawar da lauyoyi ke takawa ta haifar da kwamitin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Ƙungiyar Lauyoyi da Lauyoyi an kafa shi don tattauna makomar sana'ar lauya. [1] An kafa kwamitin a watan Afrilun 1986 kuma ya gabatar da rahotonsa a watan Yulin 1988. [2] Kwamitin bai cimma matsaya ɗaya ba - inda membobin lauyoyi da shida daga cikin mambobi bakwai masu zaman kansu suka ba da shawarar tsawaita haƙƙin lauyoyi na masu sauraro ga Kotun Crown, tare da wakilan Lauyoyi da memba mai zaman kansa ɗaya suka ƙi amincewa kuma suka haɗa da Bayanin Rashin Amincewa ga rahoton ƙarshe wanda ya lalata sakamakonsa. [1] Duk da haka, an san ƙungiyar da Kwamitin Marre wanda babban sakamakonsa na A Time For Change [3] ya haifar da Dokar Kotuna da Ayyukan Shari'a a 1990. [4]

Marre ta mutu a St Andrews a shekarar 2005 sakamakon cututtukan zuciya. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Ta auri Alan Marre wanda ta haɗu da shi yayin da suke aiki a Ma'aikatar Lafiya . Za su haifi 'ya'ya biyu namiji da mace. Daga baya zai zama Ombudsman. Bayan ya mutu a shekarar 1990 sakamakon cutar kansa  ita da alkalin da ya yi ritaya Alan Lipfriend suka zauna tare har zuwa lokacin da ya mutu a shekarar 1996.

## Manazarta
Vivien Alcock

**Vivien Alcock** (23 Satumba 1924 – 11 Oktoba 2003) marubuciya ce ta Turanci a littattafan yara. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haifi Alcock a Worthing, wanda yanzu haka yake a West Sussex, Ingila, kuma iyalinta sun ƙaura zuwa Devizes a Wiltshire lokacin tana da shekara goma. Ita ce ƙarama a cikin 'yan'uwa mata uku waɗanda suka sadaukar da kansu ga karatu, zane, da bayar da labarai.  Alcock ta yi karatu a Makarantar Zane ta Ruskin ta Jami'ar Oxford har zuwa 1942, lokacin da ta bar shirin don shiga reshen mata na Sojojin Burtaniya ( Auxiliary Territorial Service ).  

Alcock da Leon Garfield sun haɗu ne a lokacin da take tuka motocin daukar marasa lafiya a Belgium. Sun yi aure suka kuma ɗauki 'ya mace, mai suna Jane bayan Jane Austen . Garfield ya zama marubuciyar yara mai nasara a shekarun 1960.

Littafinta na farko da aka buga shi ne The Haunting of Cassie Palmer, daga Methuen a shekarar 1980 lokacin tana da shekaru 56. Ta biyo bayan The Haunting tare da The Stonewalkers (1981) da kuma wasu kimanin ashirin. The Cuckoo Sister (1985) da The Monster Garden (1988) su ne ayyukanta guda biyu da aka fi amfani da su kamar yadda ɗakunan karatu na WorldCat suka tsara.

## Lambobin yabo da girmamawa

* Mafi kyawun littafin almara na kimiyya/fantasy, *Muryar Matasa Masu Ba da Shawara*, 1988, *Lambun Dodanni*
* Lambar Carnegie, jerin sunayen 'yan takara, *Jarabawar Anna Cotman*
* Littattafai Masu Muhimmanci Ga Yara, Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Amurka: 1985 *Matafiya ta Dare*, 1986 ' *Yar'uwar Cuckoo*, 1988 *Lambun Dodanni*
* Jerin Girmamawa na Littafin Kaho, *Mujallar Littafin Kaho* : 1985 *Matafiya Dare*
* Littattafan ƙaho Mafi kyawun Littattafai na Shekara: 1989 *Lambun Dodanni*, 1993 *Wani Irin Barawo*

## Manazarta
Stella Levy

**Stella Levy** ( Hebrew   ; 1924 - 19 Yuli 1999) soja ne kuma ɗan siyasan Isra'ila.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife ta a Siriya a shekarar 1924, Levy ta yi ƙaura zuwa Falasɗinu ta Dole a shekarar 1929.  Ta halarci Makarantar Ibrananci ta Reali da ke Haifa sannan daga baya ta yi karatun ilimin halayyar ɗan adam a Jami'ar Haifa da kuma kimiyyar siyasa da fasaha a Jami'ar Tel Aviv . 

Levy ta shiga Haganah a lokacin ƙuruciyarta kuma a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ta yi aiki a Rundunar Sadarwa ta Sojojin Burtaniya tsakanin 1942 da 1946.  Bayan samun ' yancin kai na Isra'ila a 1948, ta kammala horon farko na jami'an IDF, kuma ta jagoranci rundunar mata ta rundunar Carmel Brigade tsakanin 1948 da 1949.  Ta kammala kwas ɗin kwamandojin bataliyar a 1949 kuma a 1951 ta zama shugabar rundunar mata a rundunar Arewa .  Daga 1964 zuwa 1970 ta yi aiki a matsayin kwamandan rundunar mata.  Tsakanin 1970 da 1974 ta yi aiki a matsayin jakadar soja zuwa Amurka, kafin a sauke ta daga mukamin kanar a 1974. 

A shekarar 1974 ta taimaka wajen kafa sashin ' yan sandan Isra'ila na Civil Guard kuma ta yi aiki a ciki har zuwa 1976. [1] A shekara mai zuwa ta shiga Democratic Movement for Change . [1] Ta kasance ta goma sha bakwai a jerin jam'iyyar a zaben Knesset na 1977, [2] amma jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 15 kacal. Duk da haka, ta shiga Knesset a ranar 20 ga Fabrairu 1981 a matsayin madadin Stef Wertheimer, [3] kuma ta zaɓi shiga ƙungiyar Shinui (Movement of Change ta rabu zuwa jam'iyyu da dama a 1978). [1] An sanya ta na biyar a jerin Shinui don zaɓen Yuni 1981, [4] amma jam'iyyar ta sami kujeru biyu kacal. Ta ci gaba da aiki a jam'iyyar kuma ta kasance ta goma sha ɗaya a jerin jam'iyyar don zaɓen 1984. [5]

Siyasar waje Levy kuma memba ce a Kwamitin Zartarwa na Zionist kuma tana cikin kwamitin gudanarwa na reshen Isra'ila na Majalisar Yahudawa ta Duniya .  Ta mutu a watan Yulin 1999. 

## Manazarta
Messouda Mint Baham

**Messouda**  ko **Messaouda**  **Mint Baham** (an haife ta a shekarar 1964 a Mederdra) 'yar siyasa ce ta ƙasar Mauritania. Ta kasance Ministar Ci Gaban Karkara a shekarun 2008–2009.   kuma an sake zaɓen ta a majalisar dokoki a shekara ta 2018, ga jam'iyyar Al Islah.  A watan Oktoban 2019, an zaɓe ta a matsayin sakatariya ta farko na Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa. 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

*  *Interview*
Penelope Jessel

**Dame Penelope Jessel** DBE ( née a Blackwell; 2 ga Janairu 1920 - 2 ga Disamba 1996) 'yar siyasa ce ta Jam'iyyar Liberal ta Burtaniya .

## Bayani
An haife ta **Penelope Blackwell**, 'yar mawallafi Sir Basil Blackwell da Marion Christine Soans. Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Dragon, Oxford, Makarantar St Leonards, St Andrews, Fife, Kwalejin Somerville, Oxford inda ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Fasaha da Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta London .  A shekarar 1940 ta auri ɗan jarida Robert George Jessel. Sun haifi 'ya'ya maza biyu, 'yan jarida David Jessel da Stephen Jessel . Mijinta ya mutu a shekarar 1954. An naɗa ta a matsayin mace don ayyukan siyasa a matsayin wani ɓangare na bikin karramawa na Sabuwar Shekara ta 1987. 

## Sana'ar ƙwararru
Daga 1940 zuwa 1941 Jessel ta yi aiki a Oxford House, London. Ta shiga cikin Auxiliary Territorial Service, tana aiki daga 1941 zuwa 1943. Ta kasance malamar Kwalejin William Temple daga 1956 zuwa 1962. A 1965 ta buga *Owen na Uppingham* . Ta yi aiki a matsayin malamar koyarwa a Kwalejin Plater, a Oxford daga 1968 zuwa 1984. 

## Aikin siyasa
Jessel ta kasance 'yar takarar Liberal a sashin Hall Green na Birmingham a babban zaɓen 1964. Ta kuma fafata a zaɓen maye gurbin Birmingham Hall Green na 1965. Ta kasance 'yar takarar Liberal a sashin Banbury na Oxfordshire a babban zaɓen 1966. Ta kasance 'yar takarar Liberal a sashin Petersfield na Hampshire a babban zaɓen 1970. Ta kasance 'yar takarar Liberal a sashin Wellingborough na Northamptonshire a duka zaɓen 1974. Ba ta sake tsayawa takarar majalisar dokoki ba. [1] Ta kasance Shugabar Ƙungiyar Mata ta Liberal daga 1970 zuwa 1972. Ta kasance Shugabar Ƙungiyar Jama'a ta Oxford . Ta kasance Shugabar Amintattu, na Cibiyar John Stuart Mill . Ta yi aiki a matsayin Jami'ar Ƙasa da Ƙasa, na Jam'iyyar Liberal daga 1985 zuwa 1988. [2]

### Tarihin zaɓe

## Manazarta
Mariam Mint Ahmed Aicha

**Mariam Mint Ahmed Aicha** 'yar siyasa ce ta ƙasar Mauritania. A wasu lokutan ana kiranta da **Mariam Mint Ahmed Aiche** ko **Mariam bint Ahmed Aiche**. Daga shekarun 1992 zuwa 1994, ta yi aiki a matsayin Ministar Harkokin Mata; daga shekarun 1994 zuwa 1995 ita ce Sakatariyar Harkokin Mata. An haife ta kuma ta girma a Boutilimit, Mauritania.

Ita ce shugabar *ƙungiyar Mauritanienne pour la Promotion de la Famille* (AMPF) wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1990, wacce ta fi mayar da hankali kan wayar da kan jama'a da shugabannin siyasa da addinai na ƙasar game da fa'idodin tsarin iyali na mutum da na tattalin arziki, da kuma haɓaka samar da ingantattun ayyukan kiwon lafiya na jima'i da haihuwa.

## Manazarta
Stella Moray

**Stella Moray** (29 ga Yuli 1923 - 6 ga Agusta 2006) jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Ingila wadda ta fito a kan dandamali, fina-finai da talabijin a cikin wasan kwaikwayo, barkwanci da wasannin opera.  

Ba kasafai take kan gaba a kan dandamali ba, amma ta kasance mai tsayawa tsayin daka da kuma mai karatu, kuma lokacin da ta karɓi ragamar mulki, ba ta ba ta kunya ba. A farkon shekarun 1980 ta yi fice a matsayin *Miss Hannigan* a cikin waƙar *Annie* a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Victoria Palace da ke Landan, inda ta karɓi ragamar daga abokinta, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Sheila Hancock .

Fina-finanta na talabijin sun haɗa da shirye-shiryen Burtaniya kamar *Coronation Street*, *Crossroads*, *The Bill*, *Midsomer Murders* da *George da Mildred* . Fim ɗinta na ƙarshe a talabijin, tana da shekaru 81, ya kasance a watan Afrilun 2005 lokacin da aka zaɓe ta a wani shiri na wasan kwaikwayo na laifuka na BBC *, Judge John Deed* . Ta kuma fito a matsayin mahaifiyar Richard Beckinsale a cikin sigar fim ɗin *The Lovers* na 1973.

An haife ta ne a **Stella Ellen Morris** a Ladywood, Birmingham, Warwickshire, kuma ta yi karatu a yankin. Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ya kawo cikas ga burinta na yin aiki a gidan wasan kwaikwayo, kuma ta shiga ATS .

A lokacin da take aiki a Donnington da ke Shropshire, Stella ta fito a wasannin kade-kade na sansani a matsayin mawaƙiya a cikin ƙungiyar rawa ta Ordnance Corps kuma furodusa George Black ya gan ta; ta yi rangadin Gabas ta Tsakiya da ta Nisa .

A watan Maris na shekarar 1949, ta fara fitowa a matsayin *Annie Ogle-Eyes* a cikin *bikin baje kolin Belinda* a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Saville . Ta ci gaba da fitowa a cikin fim ɗin Frank Loesser mai suna *The Most Happy Fella* at the Coliseum, kuma a shekarar 1962 ta koma gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Savoy don ta fito a cikin fim ɗin Noël Coward mai suna *Sail Away*, inda ita ma ta tsaya a matsayin tauraruwar, Elaine Stritch, a cikin fim ɗin Mimi Paragon.

A shekarar 1966, aikinta ya lalace lokacin da wani shiri na *Funny Girl*, wanda Barbra Streisand ta fito a matsayin *Mrs. Meeker*, ya ƙare ba zato ba tsammani a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Prince of Wales, watanni uku bayan abin da ya kamata ya zama dogon lokaci. Ta koma West End a shekarar 1974 don ta taka rawar mai tsaron gidan karuwai Madame Blanche a cikin waƙar Julian More, *Bordello*, a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Queen's .

Stella Moray ba ta taɓa yin aure ba. Ta mutu tana da shekaru 83, sakamakon wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.

## Manazarta
Zoë Maynard

**Zoë Ruth Davis, Lady Maynard** ( née Cumberbatch; 1926 - 10 Disamba 2018) ta kasance muhimmiyar mace a Bahamas da aka san ta da haɓaka haƙƙin mata .

## Rayuwar farko
A shekarar 1926, iyayenta, likitan tiyata Roland Cumberbatch da mawakiya Meta Davis Cumberbatch, sun ƙaura daga Trinidad zuwa Bahamas lokacin da mahaifinta ya karɓi muƙami daga Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Colonial Medical Service .  An haife ta Zoë Ruth Davis Cumberbatch a wannan shekarar. 

## Aikin soja
A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu Maynard, wacce har yanzu matashiya ce, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai zaman kansa a Hukumar Kula da Yankuna ta Auxiliary Territorial kuma ta yi aiki a Jamaica .   Tana da ayyuka da yawa, ciki har da sadarwa.  A lokacin rasuwarta a shekarar 2018 an ruwaito cewa ita ce mace ta ƙarshe da ta rayu daga Bahamas. 

## Aiki da iyali
A ranar 17 ga Janairu 1947, bayan shekara ɗaya da ƙarewar yaƙin, ta auri Clement T. Maynard, ɗan wani mai gini kuma mai ra'ayin mazan jiya.  An horar da shi a matsayin ƙwararren masanin fasaha na likitanci, ya ci gaba da zama ɗan siyasa kuma daga ƙarshe mataimakin firayim minista.  Maynard da mijinta suna da 'ya'ya biyar: Julian (ya mutu a shekara ta 1995),  Peter, Allyson, David da Clement III. (Mijinta kuma yana da 'ya mace ɗaya daga wata dangantaka ta baya.)  'Yarsu Allyson za ta ci gaba da zama babban lauyan ƙasar.

Na wani lokaci, Maynard ta yi aiki da Kamfanin British Overseas Airways Corporation .  Arthur Foulkes ya tuna cewa ita da mijinta sun yi amfani da damar tafiye-tafiye da aikinta ya bayar don siyan littattafai ga abokan aikinsu a cikin ƙungiyar ci gaba.  (Littattafan marubuta masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Yammacin Indiya kamar CLR James, Frantz Fanon da George Padmore ba su da sauƙin samu a yankin.)  Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin sakatare janar na Filin Jirgin Sama, Jirgin Sama da Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Allied. 

Ta kasance mai goyon bayan ƙungiyar ci gaba da kare haƙƙin mata, ta yi aiki kafada da kafada da surukarta, Georgianna Kathleen Symonette, a lokacin zanga-zangar zaɓe. [1] A watan Janairun 1968, shekara guda bayan da aka fara zaɓen mijinta a majalisar dattawa, Maynard ta zama mace ta farko da ta yi rijista don aikin alkalai a Bahamas. [1] [2] Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin sakatare na reshen mata na jam'iyyar Progressive Liberal Party . [1]

A shekarar 1989, an naɗa Clement Maynard a matsayin ɗalibi na farko a fannin Knight Bachelor, yayin da Mrs. Maynard ta zama Lady Zoë Maynard. 

## Rayuwa daga baya
Bayan mutuwar mijinta a shekara ta 2009, Maynard ta fara nazarin tukwane da fenti.  An nuna ayyukanta a cikin shirye-shiryen rukuni kamar "The F Factor: Female Artists of The Bahamas". 

Maynard ta mutu a ranar 10 ga Disamba, 2018 tana da shekaru 92.   A cikin wani jawabi da ya yi, shugaban 'yan adawa Philip Davis ya kira ta "mai fafutukar 'yanci, musamman don kare hakkin mata da kuma a fannin fasaha." 

## Manazarta
Linda McCullough Thew

**Linda McCullough Thew** ( *wacce aka fi sani da* Summers, 13 ga Afrilu 1918 - 25 ga Disamba 2013) marubuciya ce 'yar Birtaniya . Ta rubuta gajerun labarai da littattafai sannan ta shirya shirye-shirye na talabijin da rediyo. An fi saninta da tarihin rayuwarta a garin Ashington, *The Pit Village and the Store*, wanda daga baya aka yi wasan kwaikwayo a talabijin na Burtaniya.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi McCullough Thew a Ashington .  Ta bar makaranta tana da shekara 14 don yin aiki a shagon ƙauye a Ashington, Northumberland (wanda aka ambata a cikin *The Pit Village da Store* ). A shekarun 1930 ne ta fara aiki kuma ita ce mace ta farko da ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiya a wannan shagon haɗin gwiwa . 

A shekarar 1942, ta shiga ATS inda ta yi aiki a kan radar hana jiragen sama.  Ta koma Hukumar Ilimi ta Sojoji sannan ta ɗauki kwas ɗin horar da malamai a Newcastle .  McCullough Thew "ya fara koyar da jima'i a makarantu" kuma ya shirya shirye-shirye na talabijin da rediyo game da alaƙar ɗan adam a tsakiyar shekarun 1960.  Bayan aikin koyarwa ta zama marubuciya ta cikakken lokaci. Tashar 4 ta nuna fim ɗin *The Pit Village and the Store* kuma an watsa shi a 1987. 

McCullough Thew ta mutu a East Riding Residential Care Home da ke Morpeth a ranar Kirsimeti, 2013.  An ba da gudummawar kayayyakin da ta tattara daga tarihinta, ciki har da abubuwan tunawa na Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ga Gidan Tarihi na Woodhorn. 

## Aiki
Labarin tarihin rayuwar McCullough Thew game da Ƙungiyar Haɗin Kan Ashington an ɗauke shi a matsayin wani bincike mai mahimmanci game da ƙungiyar haɗin kan a Ingila ta Nicole Robertson. [1] Tarihin Labour ya kira Ƙungiyar Pit da Shagon "littafin tunawa da rayuwa mai ƙauna a Ashington." [2]

## Littattafai

* *Ƙauyen Rami da Shago: Hoton Ma'aikatar Haƙar Ma'adinai ta* Pluto (31 Oktoba 1985) 
* *Daga Shago zuwa War* Pluto Press (Nuwamba 1987) 
* *Waƙar Bears don Rawa zuwa* Bridge Studios (Oktoba 1992) 
* *Rayuwata a Rayuwata, Vol. 2* Emma Goldman (ed. Linda McCullough Thew), 1988, 

## Manazarta