open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Lafiya ta Queensland

**Makarantar Kimiyyar Lafiya ta Queensland** (QAHS) makarantar sakandare ce ta gwamnati mai zaɓin shiga ta musamman wacce ke kan Gold Coast a Queensland, Ostiraliya. QAHS tana ba da Shirin Difloma na Baccalaureate na Duniya ga ɗalibai a aji 11 da 12, kuma a buɗe take ga ɗaliban aji 10, waɗanda ke nazarin shirin shiri don IBDP.  Makarantar tana da nufin jawo hankalin ɗaliban da ke son shiga masana'antar kimiyya, likitanci da kiwon lafiya,  kuma a buɗe take ga 'mafi kyawun ɗaliban makarantar sakandare' na jihar kawai. 

A shekarar 2017, Ingantacciyar Ilimi ta sanya Kwalejin Kimiyyar Lafiya ta Queensland a matsayin makaranta ta 1 a jihar Queensland bisa ga sakamakon OP/IBD.

## Tarihi
A ranar 17 ga Afrilu, 2005, Firayim Ministan Queensland na wancan lokacin, Peter Beattie ya sanar da ƙirƙirar Kwalejin Queensland "a matsayin wani sabon shiri na ilimi ga ɗaliban makarantar sakandare masu samun babban ci gaba". 

An fara bude QAHS a ranar Talata 29 ga Janairu a daidai lokacin da ake shirin fara shekarar makaranta ta 2008 a Ostiraliya. Washegari, an gudanar da bikin budewa a hukumance a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na lakca na makarantar, [1] wanda shugabar gidauniyar Leanne Nixon, mataimakiyar shugabar gidauniyar Jane Sleeman, da manyan baki ciki har da Firayim Ministan Queensland na yanzu Anna Bligh da Ministan Ilimi Rod Welford suka halarta.

## Shiga Ɗalibi
Kwalejin Kimiyyar Lafiya ta Queensland a halin yanzu tana ba da damar shiga ga ɗaliban Aji 9 waɗanda ke shirin shiga Aji 10. 

Shiga ɗalibai zuwa QAHS tsari ne mai matakai biyu. Da farko, ɗalibai suna kammala jarrabawar shiga, wanda galibi ana gudanar da shi tsakanin watan Yuni da Agusta a wurare a faɗin Queensland. Ana iya yin buƙatun shiga jarrabawar musamman a wajen waɗannan wuraren jarrabawar ga mutanen da ke zaune a yankunan karkara ko biranen da ke wajen Queensland. Daga nan ɗaliban da suka yi nasara za su ci gaba da yin hira da ma'aikatan Education Queensland. ɗaliban da suka yi nasara a hirar za su sami gayyata don halartar Kwalejin.

A duk tsawon shekara, ana amfani da kamfen ɗin talla ta hanyar lantarki, kamar na sufuri na jama'a, da kuma ta hanyar dijital, kamar ta rediyo da intanet, don jawo hankalin ɗaliban da ke son shiga Kwalejin a shekara mai zuwa.

## Manazarta
Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Robina

**Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Robina** wata makarantar sakandare ce ta gwamnati mai zaman kanta wacce ke da hedikwata a Robina, a kan Gold Coast a Queensland, Ostiraliya. Makarantar tana da jimillar ɗalibai sama da 1500 da suka yi rajista, tare da ƙidayar ɗalibai 1530 a hukumance a shekarar 2024.

Tun daga shekarar 2020, Benjamin Weeks ne ke riƙe da matsayin shugaban makaranta a yanzu. Makarantar ta kuma ƙunshi mataimakan shugabanni huɗu, manajan kasuwanci ɗaya, shugabannin sassa goma sha huɗu, jami'an jagoranci biyu, masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam na wucin gadi ɗaya, ma'aikacin zamantakewa ɗaya, ma'aikacin jinya ɗaya a makaranta, jami'in 'yan sanda ɗaya a makaranta, limamin makaranta ɗaya da kuma masu tsara matakai uku. 

## Manhaja ta Manhaja

### Shirye-shirye na musamman
Shirye-shiryen musamman da ake da su ga ɗalibai a Makarantar Sakandare ta Robina State sun haɗa da:

* Shirin Inganta Ilimi (wanda kuma aka sani da 'Shirin Kingfisher')
* Shirin Al'umma - Aiki - Sabis (CAS)
* Ƙungiyar Rawa/Kwalejin
* Nutsewa a Jafananci
* Kwalejin Wasanni ta Robina
** Kwalejin Wasan Ƙwallon Baseball
** Kwalejin Futsal/Kwallon ƙafa
** Kwalejin Wasanni ta Janar
** Kwalejin Golf
** Kwalejin Wasannin Netball
** Kwalejin Triathlon 

### Turanci
Turanci muhimmin darasi ne a cikin manhajar karatu ta Aji 7-10. Dalibai a Aji 8 da Aji 9 suna yin ko dai Turancin Tsakiya ko Tsawaita Turanci. Darussan Turanci da ake samu ga ɗalibai a Aji 11 da Aji 12 sun haɗa da darussa na Gabaɗaya na Turanci, Turanci a matsayin Harshe Mai Ƙarin Bayani, Adabi da Tsawaita Turanci da Adabi ( Aji 12 kawai), da kuma darasin da ake amfani da shi na Turanci Mai Muhimmanci.  

### Lissafi
Lissafi muhimmin darasi ne a cikin manhajar karatu ta Aji 7-10. Dalibai a Aji 8 da 9 suna yin ko dai Matsakaici na Lissafi ko Matsakaici na Lissafi, yayin da ɗalibai a Aji 10 suna yin ɗaya daga cikin darussan Matsakaici na Lissafi, Matsakaici na Tsawaita ko Matsakaici na Tushen Lissafi. Darussan lissafi da ɗalibai ke samu a Aji 10, 11 da 12 sun haɗa da darussan Matsakaici na Janar, Hanyoyin Lissafi da Matsakaici na Musamman, da kuma darasin Matsakaici na Musamman.  

### Ilimin ɗan adam
muhimman darussa na Tarihi da Geography a cikin manhajar karatu ta Shekara ta 7-10. Darussan Ilimin Dan Adam na Zaɓaɓɓu da ɗalibai ke da su a Shekara ta 9 sun haɗa da darussa na Kasuwanci na Ilimin Kasuwanci da Zane-zane na Dijital. Darussan Ilimin Dan Adam na Zaɓaɓɓu da ɗalibai ke da su a Shekara ta 10 sun haɗa da Kasuwanci da Takaddun Shaidar I a cikin Ƙwarewa don Hanyoyin Sana'a (FSK10213). Darussan Ilimin Dan Adam da ɗalibai ke da su a Shekara ta 11 da 12 sun haɗa da darussa na Gabaɗaya na Lissafi, Tarihin Tsoho, Kasuwanci, Tattalin Arziki, Yanayin Ƙasa, Nazarin Shari'a da Tarihin Zamani, da kuma darasin Yawon Bude Ido.[1] [2] [3]

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Lutheran ta St Andrews

**Kwalejin St Andrews Lutheran** makaranta ce mai zaman kanta wacce ke Lutheran, makarantar sakandare, da sakandare a Tallebudgera a kan Gold Coast a Queensland, Ostiraliya.

## Tarihi
Bayan nasarar Kwalejin Trinity Lutheran da ke Ashmore, Queensland, Cocin Lutheran na Ostiraliya ya fara shirin kafa makarantar Lutheran don yin hidima a ƙarshen kudancin Gold Coast, Ostiraliya a ƙarshen shekarun 1980.

Makarantar tana cikin Tallebudgera, Queensland kuma a halin yanzu tana da ɗalibai sama da 1300.

An buɗe makarantar don koyarwa a watan Fabrairun 1993. 

Tun lokacin da aka buɗe makarantar, ta faɗaɗa daga aji ɗaya na azuzuwan da za a iya sauke su, zuwa manyan tubalan koyo guda goma. Tana sauƙaƙe wasanni uku (da kuma cibiyar da ke da manufofi da yawa a cikin gida) da filin wasan ƙwallon kwando. Tana da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don tallafawa fasahar wasan kwaikwayo, wani yanki na koyo na waje (COLA) kuma a cikin 2022 an buɗe Cibiyar Masana'antu ta Kirkire-kirkire. A shekarar 2023, makarantar ta yi bikin cika shekaru 30 da kafuwa tare da ayyuka da yawa a duk tsawon shekara.

A shekarar 2021, an gudanar da bincike a makarantar saboda fargabar wata kungiyar masu cutar kansa.[1] Ba a sami wata shaida ta wata kungiyar masu cutar kansa ba, duk da haka wasu iyaye sun yi kira da a ci gaba da bincike, kuma suka janye dalibansu daga kwalejin. A shekarar 2023, an gano cewa shugaban makarantar David Bliss yana da cutar kansar pancreas kuma ya yi ritaya a watan Yunin 2024.

Makarantar tana hidimar azuzuwan makaranta kafin zuwa aji na 12. Tana da alaƙa da makarantar 'yan'uwa mata da Makarantar Sakandare ta Osaka Business Frontier, a Osaka, Japan,  da kuma Gymnasium Nord, a Frankfurt, Jamus.

## Manazarta
Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Palm Beach

**Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Palm Beach, Currumbin,** wata makaranta ce ta gwamnati mai zaman kanta, mai zaman kanta, wacce ke cikin yankin Gold Coast na Palm Beach, a Queensland, Ostiraliya.  Ma'aikatar Ilimi ce ke gudanar da ita, tare da ɗalibai 2,649 da ma'aikatan koyarwa 198, tun daga shekarar 2023. Makarantar tana hidimar ɗalibai daga shekara ta 7 zuwa shekara ta 12. 

## Tarihi
An buɗe makarantar a ranar 24 ga Janairu 1972  ko kuma 1 ga Fabrairu 1972.

A watan Agusta na shekarar 1973, an sanar da gina tubalan 'H'; an bayyana cewa zai kunshi 'azuzuwa shida, dakin ma'aikata, dakin ajiye kaya, shago, da kuma ƙarin bayan gida.' [1] An ce kudinsa ya kai dala $149,162 a lokacin.[1]

A shekarar 1974, Ministan Ayyuka da Gidaje a lokacin, Mista Hodges, ya sanar da gina wani ginin kimiyya a makarantar, wanda zai ci dala $160,121 a lokacin. 

An ware dala $49,000 ga makarantar don sanya tankunan ruwa don ban ruwa a harabar makarantar a shekarar 2006. An kiyasta cewa aikin zai adana lita miliyan ashirin da biyu na ruwa kowace shekara.

## Shirye-shiryen ƙwarewa

### Ingantaccen Ilimi
An kafa ingantaccen Ilimi a shekarar 2001, musamman ga ɗaliban da ke son cimma mafi kyawun karatunsu na ilimi. Ɗaliban da suka shiga suna nazarin manhajar da aka gyara don ƙara inganta ci gabansu zuwa makarantar sakandare.

## Manazarta
Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Nerang

**Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Nerang** (NSHS) makarantar sakandare ce ta gwamnati, mai haɗin gwiwa, wacce ke cikin garin Nerang na Gold Coast ( Queensland, Ostiraliya ).  Ma'aikatar Ilimi ce ke gudanar da makarantar kuma tana cikin Sashe na 5 na majalisar birnin Gold Coast.

## Tarihi
An buɗe makarantar a ranar 28 ga Janairu 1986. 

A shekarar 2021, Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Nerang ta sanya na'urorin hasken rana guda 484 kuma an fara amfani da su. [1] Wannan jarin da aka zuba na dala $310,000 [1] wani bangare ne na shirin "Advancing Clean Energy Schools" (ACES) na Queensland wanda aka kammala a shekarar 2022, wanda ya ga an sanya jimillar na'urorin hasken rana guda 200,000 a kan rufin gidaje a makarantu 912 a fadin jihar.[2]

## Alƙaluma

### Rijistar ɗalibai
Ya zuwa shekarar 2024, makarantar tana da ma'aikatan koyarwa 89 da kuma ma'aikata 45 da ba sa koyarwa,  waɗanda ke yi wa ɗalibai hidima daga shekara ta 7 zuwa shekara ta 12.

A shekarar 2023, an ruwaito cewa Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Nerang tana da matsakaicin adadin ɗaliban da za su iya shiga makarantar, wato ɗalibai 1,295,  tare da ɗalibai 1,008 da suka yi rajista. Yanayin shigar makarantu (adadin watan Agusta) ya kasance:

## Manazarta
TAFE Queensland Gold Coast

An kafa **TAFE Queensland Gold Coast** daga Cibiyar Tafe ta Gold Coast (ko GCIT) a shekarar 2013 a ranar 1 ga Yuli. Ƙungiyar koyar da sana'o'i da horo (VET) tana kula da yankin Gold Coast na Queensland, Ostiraliya, tare da cibiyoyin karatu shida a yankunan karkara ciki har da Southport, Coomera, Ashmore da Coolangatta da Robina.

Tun daga ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2017, an haɗa TAFE Queensland Gold Coast da sauran ƙungiyoyi biyar na horo na yanki masu rijista na TAFE Queensland (RTOs) don samar da RTO guda ɗaya. TAFE Queensland Gold Coast ba ta wanzu a matsayin RTO daban ba.[1]

## Wuraren harabar jami'a

* Ashmore
* Coolangatta
* Coomera
* Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Coomera
* Robina
* Southport

## Duba kuma

* TAFE Queenslands

## Manazarta
Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Miami

**Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Miami** makaranta ce ta sakandare da ke wajen Miami a birnin Gold Coast, Queensland, Ostiraliya). A halin yanzu ita ce makarantar jiha ta biyu mafi tsufa a Gold Coast, ta biyu a cikin shekaru bayan Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Southport (wanda aka kafa a 1955).

Masu kula da ƙasar da Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Miami ke zaune su ne ƙungiyar yaren Yugambeh na ƙasar Bundjalung.

An fara kiranta da Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar South Coast District, Miami High a hukumance a watan Afrilun 1963.[1] Ba da daɗewa ba aka san ta da Miami High kuma, bayan shekaru da yawa, aka amince da sunan da ya fi ƙanƙanta a hukumance.[1] An gina ta ne don biyan buƙatun yawan jama'a da ke ƙaruwa cikin sauri a Gold Coast . [1] A lokacin, makarantun sakandare na gwamnati guda ɗaya tilo sune Makarantar Sakandare ta Southport da Makarantar Sakandare ta Tweed River, kimanin 35 kilometres (22 mi) a gefe, tare da wurin Miami High kusa da tsakiyar hanya tsakanin su biyun a kan babbar hanyar Gold Coast a ƙarshen arewa na Miami.[1]

## Kayayyakin more rayuwa

### Ginawa na Farko
Wurin da aka zaɓa ya gabatar da ƙalubale da dama na gini saboda rabin kudancin ƙasan dausayi ne, rabin arewa kuma yana kan gangaren Nobby's Headland, wani babban schist mai girman kusan 50.&nbsp;tsayinsa a mafi tsayi. An fuskanci ƙalubalen ta hanyar amfani da sauƙi wajen fasa gangaren da kuma zubar da tarkacen a cikin dausayi, amma sakamakon asarar ƙasa gaba ɗaya wanda ya haifar da matsaloli masu ɗorewa tsawon shekaru.

Gina shi a shekarun sittin ya kasance baya ga buƙatun ɗalibai saboda dalilai uku: 

A shekarun 1965 da 1966, an ga wuraren da aka buɗe a makarantun ƙasa da ƙasa, waɗanda aka yi niyya don kariya daga rana da ruwan sama, an mayar da su azuzuwan wucin gadi da kuma wasu gine-gine masu rauni waɗanda aka sanya su a matsayin wasu azuzuwan wucin gadi. Duk da cewa suna da ɗan lokaci kaɗan, har yanzu ana amfani da yawancin waɗannan gine-ginen shekaru ashirin bayan haka.

## Manazarta
R. Michael Alvarez

**Ramon Michael Alvarez** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1964)  farfesa ne a fannin kimiyyar siyasa a Cibiyar Fasaha ta California (Caltech), haka kuma shi ne daraktan ƙungiyar Voting Technology Project, wani shiri na haɗin gwiwa na Cibiyar Fasaha ta Caltech-Massachusetts .

## Ilimi
Alvarez ya sami digirinsa na BA *magna cum laude* daga Kwalejin Carleton a shekarar 1986, da kuma digirinsa na MA da kuma digirin digirgir daga Jami'ar Duke a shekarar 1990 da 1992, bi da bi, duk a fannin kimiyyar siyasa . 

## Sana'a
Alvarez ya yi aiki a matsayin Robert S. Rankin Malamin Siyasar Amurka a Duke na tsawon shekara guda (1991–92), bayan haka ya shiga Caltech a shekarar 1992 a matsayin mataimakin farfesa na kimiyyar siyasa. A watan Fabrairun 2002, ya zama cikakken farfesa a Caltech.

## Daraja da kyaututtuka
A shekara ta 2002, Alvarez ya sami kyautar ƙwararren malami daga Sashen Zaɓe, Ra'ayin Jama'a, da Ɗabi'ar Zaɓe na Ƙungiyar Kimiyyar Siyasa ta Amurka .  A shekara ta 2004, Alvarez yana ɗaya daga cikin mutane 50 da suka karɓi kyautar " Scientific American 50 ".  An sanya masa suna a cikin rukunin kwamfuta na "50 Award", tare da Ted Selker .  An naɗa shi memba na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka a shekara ta 2018. 

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Lutheran ta Trinity (Queensland)

**Kwalejin Trinity Lutheran kwaleji** ce mai zaman kanta, wacce ke da alaƙa da Kirista, tana da ilimi tare, shirye-shirye, da kuma koyon farko, na shekaru na ƙarami, na tsakiya da na sakandare a Ashmore, Gold Coast, Ostiraliya.

## Tarihi
A watan Janairun 1981, Eddie da Lila MacKenzie, Ben Stephan, da Jack da Irene Strohmeyer suka buɗe Makarantar Firamare ta Trinity Lutheran. Makarantar ta fara da ɗalibai 75, tare da azuzuwan farko a Zauren Cocin Trinity Lutheran, Southport.

A shekarar 1987, an buɗe Kwalejin Trinity Lutheran ta Shekaru 8 zuwa 12 a harabar Ashmore Road a shekarar 1987.

A shekara ta 2002, makarantun biyu sun haɗu suka kafa Kwalejin Trinity Lutheran wadda ke ba da ilimi daga shirin zuwa aji na 12.

A shekarar 2013, an kafa Cibiyar Koyon Farko a harabar Makarantar Matasa ta Cotlew Street.

## Tsarin makaranta

### Harabar makarantu
Kwalejin Trinity Lutheran kwaleji ce guda ɗaya, wadda ta ƙunshi makarantu uku a faɗin harabar jami'o'i biyu. Harabar Makarantar Early Learning da Junior Year tana kusa da kusurwar babban harabar Trinity ta Ashmore Road. Harabar Makarantar Junior Year tana gudana daga ajin Shirye-shirye zuwa Aji na 5. Harabar Makarantar Middle Year tana daga Aji na 6 zuwa Aji na 9, kuma harabar Makarantar Senior Year tana daga Aji na 10 zuwa 12.[ ana buƙatar ambato ]

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Jihar Upper Coomera

**Kwalejin Jihar Upper Coomera** (UCSC) makaranta ce ta gwamnati, wacce ke da alaƙa da juna, wacce ke cikin yankin Coomera a Queensland, Ostiraliya.  Ma'aikatar Ilimi ce ke gudanar da ita, kuma tun daga shekarar 2023, tana da ɗalibai 1,834 da ma'aikatan koyarwa 150. Makarantar tana ɗaukar ɗalibai daga shirin zuwa aji na 12,   a ƙananan makarantu 3: Makarantar Chisholm Junior, Makarantar Tsakiya ta Jakaara da Makarantar Sakandare ta Fensham. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Tarihi
An kafa makarantar a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2003.

A shekarar 2011, an ce cin zarafin launin fata a makarantar ya 'wuce gona da iri', inda aka yi kulle-kulle sau 5-6 a cikin shekaru 3 da suka gabata saboda matsalar. [1] Duk da haka, darektan yankin na Ma'aikatar Ilimi a lokacin, Glen Hoppner, ya bayyana cewa makarantar ba ta da matsalolin launin fata.[1]

A shekarar 2013, makarantar ta shiga wani shiri na Australiya mai suna 'Day for Daniel' ta hanyar sanya kayan ja don girmama tunawa da Daniel Morcombe ; an kuma yi wani "Walk for Daniel".

An kulle makarantar ne bayan an yi barazana ga makarantar ta hanyar shafukan sada zumunta a shekarar 2018, wanda ake kyautata zaton ɗalibi ɗan aji 7 da aji 9 ne;  duk da haka, an bayyana daga baya cewa ba ɗaliba ba ce, amma mace mai shekaru 36 ce, wacce aka tuhume ta da laifin lamarin.

## Karin ilimi
Makarantar tana ba da waɗannan shirye-shiryen na musamman: 

* Kwalejin Fasaha ta Kirkire-kirkire,
* Kwalejin STEM,
* Kwalejin Wasanni,
* Shirin 'Taurari na Gaba'.

## Manazarta
Edoardo Amaldi

**Edoardo Amaldi** (5 ga Satumba 1908 - 5 ga Disamba 1989) masanin kimiyyar lissafi ne na Italiya. Ya ƙirƙiro kalmar " neutrino " a cikin tattaunawa da Enrico Fermi inda ya bambanta ta da " neutron " mai nauyi. An bayyana shi a matsayin "ɗaya daga cikin manyan masana kimiyyar nukiliya na ƙarni na ashirin."  Ya kasance cikin ƙungiyar zaman lafiya ta hana nukiliya . 

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haifi Amaldi a Carpaneto Piacentino, ɗan Ugo Amaldi, farfesa a fannin lissafi a Jami'ar Padua, da Luisa Basini.    

Amaldi ya kammala karatunsa a ƙarƙashin kulawar Enrico Fermi kuma shine babban abokin aikinsa har zuwa 1938, lokacin da Fermi ya bar Italiya zuwa Amurka. A shekarar 1939, an tura Amaldi cikin rundunar sojojin Italiya ta Royal Italian Army kuma ya koma fannin kimiyyar lissafi a shekarar 1941.

Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Amaldi ya riƙe shugabancin "Janar Ilimin Lissafi" a Jami'ar Sapienza ta Rome, ya sake gina makarantar kimiyyar lissafi ta bayan Fermi, kuma shi ne wanda ya kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyyar Nukiliya ta Italiya da kuma ESRO . Shi ne babban sakataren CERN a farkon lokacin da ayyukansa har yanzu ba su da wani tasiri, kafin kafawar hukuma ta watan Satumba na 1954.     Ya fara aikin neman raƙuman nauyi a Turai.

Babban sakamakon kimiyya da ya samu ya kasance akan neutrons masu jinkirin shiga cikin ƙungiyar Fermi, da kuma shaidar halakar antiproton tare da dabarun emulsion, wanda ya kasance na zamani ga samar da shi a cikin na'urorin haɓaka aiki ta Emilio Segrè da abokan haɗin gwiwa. Amaldi ya yi rubutu tare da littattafai kusan 200 na kimiyya waɗanda suka haɗa da na'urorin nazarin atomic da na nukiliya zuwa na'urar nazarin ƙwayoyin cuta ta farko da kuma ƙarfin gwaji, da kuma littattafan karatu na makarantun sakandare da jami'o'i. Ya kuma rubuta littattafan tarihi-kimiyya; misali, tarihin rayuwarsa ta abokinsa Ettore Majorana wanda ya ɓace a ɓoye. An zaɓe shi a matsayin memba na girmamawa na ƙasashen waje na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Soviet a 1958,  memba na Ƙasashen Duniya na Ƙungiyar Falsafa ta Amurka a 1961,  da kuma Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka da Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Ƙasa ta Amurka a 1962.   A 1963 ya zama memba na ƙasashen waje na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Royal Netherlands .  A ranar 25 ga Afrilu 1968, an zaɓe shi a matsayin memba na ƙasashen waje na Royal Society . 

Amaldi ya mutu ba zato ba tsammani a ranar 5 ga Disamba 1989, har yanzu yana cikin cikakken aiki, yayin da yake shugaban Kwalejin Accademia dei Lincei, wacce ya kasance memba tun 1948.

Motar Canja wurin Aiki ta Uku ta Hukumar Sararin Samaniya ta Turai ta ɗauke shi,  haka kuma wani murabba'i a wurin CERN da ke Meyrin .

## Duba kuma

* Via Panisperna boys
* I ragazzi di via Panisperna (fim)
* Makamashin Nukiliya a Italiya

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Varsity

**Kwalejin Varsity** makaranta ce ta firamare da sakandare a Varsity Lakes ( Queensland, Ostiraliya ).

## Kayayyakin more rayuwa
A ranar 25 ga Yuli, 2001, Hon Peter Beattie ( Firayim Ministan Queensland ) ya bude mataki na 1 na makarantar a hukumance. A ranar 13 ga Agusta, 2002, Anna Bligh ( Ministar Ilimi ta Queensland ) ta bude mataki na 2 na makarantar a hukumance, wani aiki da ya ci dala miliyan 18 (kudin Jiha da na Tarayya). A shekarar 2002, makarantar ta bude harabar sakandare, wacce a lokacin ake kira "Makarantar Tsakiya ta Kwalejin Varsity".

A ranar 3 ga Afrilu, 2004, Sanata George Brandis ya buɗe Cibiyar Wasannin Manyan Makarantu, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Wasan Kwaikwayo da kuma ginin Babban Koyarwa na Makarantar a hukumance. [1] A shekarar 2005, an gina gadar ƙafa ta "Tafkin Orr", wadda ta haɗa harabar jami'o'in biyu.[1] A shekarar 2010, Hon John-Paul Langbroek ya buɗe Cibiyar Koyarwa ta Manyan Makarantu (SLC), wacce aka fi sani da "Cibiyar Harsuna da Al'adu ta Sin", a hukumance. [1] A shekarar 2015, an buɗe Cibiyar Koyarwa ta Matasa a hukumance.[1]

A shekarar 2019, an gina filin wasanni na waje mai amfani da yawa (wanda aka sani da "The Hanger"), a harabar makarantar sakandare.

## Jagorancin makaranta
A shekarar 2001, a shekarar buɗe makarantar, Mista Micheal Roberts shi ne Shugabar Makarantar Shirye-shirye, ita kuma Misis Julie Grantham ita ce Shugabar Kwalejin.  Tun daga lokacin, makarantar tana da shugabanni da yawa:

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Zuciya Mai Tsarki, Sabuwar Birni

**Kwalejin Sacred Heart** makaranta ce ta Katolika a New Town, Tasmania, wacce ke da ɗalibai 940. Makarantun suna hidimar ɗalibai daga makarantar renon yara zuwa aji na 10.

## Tarihi
An kafa Kwalejin Sacred Heart a shekarar 1888. Tsakanin 1888 da 1908, malaman addinin Katolika masu himma ne suka gudanar da Makarantar Sacred Heart, daga cikinsu akwai Ethel Saye, wacce daga baya ta shahara ga tsararraki da yawa a matsayin Sr. M Josephine, Babbar Mai Kula da Jariri. A shekarar 1908, ' Yan'uwa Mata na St. Joseph sun zo New Town don ɗaukar nauyin makarantar, wacce a lokacin ake kira Makarantar Sacred Heart Parish. Sr. M Gabriel Reidy shine shugaban addini na farko. Adadin ɗaliban da ke halartar makarantar ya ƙaru sosai yayin da aka faɗaɗa birnin Hobart zuwa yankunan arewacin birnin.

A shekarar 1938, an sayi cibiyar horarwa, ko kuma cibiyar novitiate ga ɗaliban 'yan'uwa mata. Ginin, wanda a lokacin ake kira "Restormel" yanzu shine Ginin Quinlan, kuma makarantar sakandare ce ke zaune a wurin. A shekarun 1970, an faɗaɗa shi da ƙarin azuzuwa a sassan firamare da sakandare, ɗakunan karatu, dakunan gwaje-gwajen kimiyya da kayan more rayuwa na ɗalibai da ma'aikata. An gina filayen wasanni a Titin Giblin. A shekarar 1971, an kafa Hukumar Ba da Shawara kan Kuɗi a matsayin Hukumar Gudanarwa. A shekarar 1987, an yi wa kundin tsarin mulki kwaskwarima kuma a shekarar 1989 aka kafa kwalejin don bin umarnin Gwamnatin Commonwealth. Yanzu haka Kwamitin Daraktocin 'Yan'uwa Mata na St. Joseph ne ke gudanar da kwalejin wanda Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta Kwalejin ta ba da shawara.

Sake fasalin ilimin Katolika a kudancin Tasmania ya sa aka fara koyar da yara tare a makarantar sakandare a shekarar 1994, kuma an mayar da azuzuwan aji 11 da 12 zuwa Kwalejin Guilford Young . A shekarar 1995, makarantar ta fara makarantar firamare mai matakai biyu da kuma makarantar renon yara.

## Manazarta
Makarantar Kirista ta Calvin (Kingston, Tasmania)

**Makarantar Kirista ta Calvin** makaranta ce ta Kiristoci ta Kindergarten zuwa Aji 12, wacce ke da nisan kilomita 12 kudu da Hobart a Kingston, Tasmania, Ostiraliya.

Yana cikin Makarantar Kirista ta Tasmania,  cibiyar sadarwa ta makarantu huɗu a kusa da Hobart. Wata ƙungiya ce ke da kuma kula da ita, wacce membobinta iyaye ne da kuma iyayen ɗalibai na baya. Duk da cewa membobin Cocin Kirista na Ostiraliya ne suka fara kuma suka tallafa mata, Cocin ba shi da wani tasiri mai iko, kuma al'ummar makarantar yanzu ta haɗa da iyalai da yawa daga wasu asalin Kirista.

Makarantar Kirista ta Calvin ita ce makaranta ta farko da iyaye Kiristoci ke kula da ita a Ostiraliya, [1] an kafa ta a shekarar 1962 ta hannun membobin al'ummar Dutch Reformed da ke zaune a Kingston da kewaye. Wadanda suka kafa makarantar rukuni ne na iyaye Kiristoci waɗanda suke da sha'awar ilmantar da 'ya'yansu a cikin yanayi mai al'adun Kristi. An gina harabar makarantar ba tare da wani tallafi na gwamnati ba, tare da yawancin ma'aikatan gini iyayen ɗalibai na gaba, waɗanda suka ba da lokacinsu da albarkatunsu don kafa makarantar. [2] An sanya wa Makarantar Kirista ta Calvin suna ne bayan mai gyara addinin Protestant John Calvin.

Taron tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara da makarantar ke gudanarwa a watan Satumba, shine bikin Oliebollen, wanda al'ummar yankin ke halarta sosai.

## Makarantun 'yan'uwa mata

* Makarantar Kirista ta Emmanuel (1979)
* Makarantar Kirista ta Channel (1988)
* Makarantar Kiristocin Arewa (1992)

## Wasanni
Makarantar Kirista ta Calvin memba ce ta Ƙungiyar Wasanni ta Makarantun 'Yancin Kai ta Tasmania (SATIS).

## Duba kuma

* Jerin makarantu a Tasmania
* Ilimi a Tasmania

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Katolika ta St James

**Kwalejin Katolika ta St James** makaranta ce mai zaman kanta ta Roman Katolika wacce ke da makarantu na kwana ɗaya da na sakandare, wacce ke cikin unguwar Hobart da ke Cygnet, Tasmania, Ostiraliya. Kwalejin tana ba da ilimin Katolika ga yara daga makarantar renon yara zuwa aji na 10.

## Bayani
A shekarar 1896, saboda sha'awar ilimin Katolika a yankin Cygnet, Sisters of St. Joseph sun kafa Makarantar St Mary's Convent. A shekarar 1944, 'Yan'uwan Kirista sun kafa Kwalejin Noma ta Lourdes Hill don samar da makarantar sakandare ga yara maza. A wannan lokacin, 'Yan'uwa maza a Lourdes Hill sun koyar da yara maza daga aji na 4.

A shekarar 1961, 'Yan'uwa maza da mata suka fara koyar da azuzuwan sakandare. Lourdes Hill ta haɗu da Makarantar Convent ta St Mary don kafa Makarantar St. James a shekarar 1962. 'Yan'uwa mata sun koyar da ƙananan yara maza da mata. A shekarar 1976, Makarantar St. James da Kwalejin Noma ta Lourdes Hill suka zama sanannun Kwalejin Katolika ta St. James.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin makarantun Katolika a Tasmania
* Ilimi a Tasmania

## Manazarta
Makarantar Jihar William Duncan

**Makarantar William Duncan State School** (WDSS) makarantar firamare ce ta gwamnati wacce ke cikin unguwar Birnin Gold Coast ta Highland Park, Queensland, Ostiraliya.  Ma'aikatar Ilimi ce ke gudanar da ita, tare da ɗalibai 570 da ma'aikatan koyarwa 45, tun daga shekarar 2023. Makarantar tana hidimar ɗalibai daga shirin zuwa aji na 6,   kuma an sanya mata suna bayan William Duncan, ɗaya daga cikin fararen fata na farko da suka fara zama a yankin Nerang.

## Tarihi
An buɗe makarantar a ranar 27 ga Janairu 1987,   kafin a sanya wa gidan da yake a lokacin suna, wanda aka sanya wa suna a hukumance a matsayin unguwa a shekarar 2003.

A shekara ta 2010, makarantar ta gabatar da wata doka ta makaranta wadda ta haramta wa ɗalibai runguma, wadda aka karɓe ta da mummunan sakamako, ana zarginta da yin siyasa ba tare da wani dalili ba, har ma an kwatanta ta da taken yaƙi da shan miyagun ƙwayoyi 'Ruguza ba kwayoyi ba ne'. An soke ta jim kaɗan bayan haka, saboda sukar da aka yi mata.

A shekara mai zuwa, a shekarar 2011, makarantar ta gabatar da wata doka ta makaranta, wadda ta haramta wa ɗalibai naɗe hannun riga, wanda ba a yi masa maraba da kyau ba. Ba a san ko an soke wannan doka ba.

## Ranar yanzu
Makarantar ta ƙirƙiri sabuwar taken baya ga ɗayan taken, "Makarantar Haɗaka ta Kyau". Sun kuma ƙirƙiro wani sabon shiri mai suna "Cibiyar Ingantaccen Kiɗa" (CME) (wanda aka kafa a 2014). Wannan shirin musamman ga ɗaliban da suka mayar da hankali kan kiɗa ne. Akwai azuzuwan CME na musamman ga waɗannan ɗaliban. Suna da tsarin koyo mai kyau tare da ginin da aka gina kwanan nan (wanda aka kammala a ƙarshen 2011) wanda ya haɗa da kicin, dakin gwaje-gwaje na kimiyya, sabon ɗakin karatu, dakin gwaje-gwaje na kwamfuta, bayan gida, da ɗakunan taro.

## Kayan aiki
A cikin wannan makarantar akwai tubalan bandaki guda biyu na 'yan mata da maza, tubalan bandaki guda ɗaya na 'yan mata da maza, ɗakin karatu na malamai, ɗakin karatu na ɗalibai, ɗakin kimiyya, kicin, ƙaramin oval, babban oval, filin wasa na yara (2), filin wasa na manya da kuma filayen wasanni masu amfani da yawa. Kowane aji yana da allon fari mai hulɗa. A cikin darussa da yawa na ICT, suna amfani da iPad don taimaka musu su yi bincike kan abubuwa don darussan su. Hakanan ana koya musu wasu mahimman maɓallan koyo da bincike.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin makarantu a Gold Coast, Queensland

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Katolika ta St Aloysius

**Kwalejin Katolika ta St Aloysius** makaranta ce ta kwana ɗaya da ta Roman Katolika mai zaman kanta wacce ke da cibiyoyin karatun Roman Katolika guda biyu, tare da harabar makarantar a Kingston Beach da Huntingfield, a kudancin Tasmania. Kwalejin tana ba da ilimi ga yara daga Kindergarten zuwa Aji 4 a harabar Kingston Beach da kuma Aji 5 zuwa Aji 10 a harabar Huntingfield.

## Harabar makarantu
**Kingston Beach**

Harabar makarantar Kinder zuwa Grade 4 tana kan wani yanki  a Kingston Beach, kusa da babban birnin Tasmania, Hobart . Kusa da harabar makarantar Kingston akwai Cocin Parish, Christ the Priest, wanda ke biyan bukatun kwalejin da kuma al'umma baki daya.

**Huntingfield**

Harabar makarantar aji 5 zuwa 8 tana Huntingfield kuma an gina ta ne a tsakanin shekarun 2008 zuwa 2012 bayan da Archbishop Adrian Doyle ya amince da shawarar makarantar na fadada zuwa Makarantar Tsakiya/Sakandare a shekarar 2007. [ ana buƙatar ambato ]

## Duba kuma

* Jerin makarantun Katolika a Tasmania
* Ilimi a Tasmania

## Manazarta
Kwalejin St Virgil

**Kwalejin St Virgil** makaranta ce mai zaman kanta ta Katolika ta firamare da sakandare ga yara maza, wacce ke kan harabar jami'o'i biyu a Austins Ferry da Hobart, Tasmania, Ostiraliya . An kafa Kwalejin a shekarar 1911 ta Ƙungiyar 'Yan'uwa Kirista, kuma tana da tsarin yin rajista ba tare da zaɓe ba kuma tana ɗaukar kimanin ɗalibai 680, daga Kindergarten zuwa Aji na 12, tare da ɗalibai 120 a harabar makarantar firamare da kuma ɗalibai 480 a harabar makarantar sakandare. 

St Virgil's tana da alaƙa da Ƙungiyar Shugabannin Makarantu ta Matasa ta Ostiraliya (JSHAA),  Ƙungiyar Shugabannin Makarantu Masu Zaman Kansu ta Ostiraliya (AHISA),  kuma memba ne na Ƙungiyar Wasanni ta Makarantu Masu Zaman Kansu na Tasmanian (SATIS). Babban Dakin Hulɗa na Hobart ne ke kula da makarantar, Ofishin Ilimi na Katolika na Tasmanian, kuma makarantar memba ce ta Edmund Rice Education Australia.

## Tarihi
An buɗe Kwalejin St Virgil a hukumance a ranar 22 ga Janairu 1911 ta hannun 'Yan'uwan Kirista. Leo Doyle shine ɗalibi na farko da ya shiga kwalejin. A lokacin ginin kwalejin makarantar kwana ce ga yara maza da ke titin Barrack, Hobart. An rufe sashen kwana na kwalejin a shekarar 1970 kuma tun daga lokacin Kwalejin St Virgil ta kasance makarantar kwana kawai.

A shekarar 1962, an buɗe wani harabar jami'a a Austins Ferry,  wanda ke ba da azuzuwan sakandare na farko (Aji 7-9) a kan wani fili mai fadin hekta 30 a gefen kogi. A shekarar 1991, an ƙara rafuka uku na Aji 10. 2012 ya nuna bikin shekaru 50 na harabar jami'ar.

Daga nan harabar Barrack Street ta faɗaɗa ga ɗalibai daga Aji 7-12 har zuwa 1994 lokacin da, a ƙarƙashin Tsarin Sake Tsarin Makarantun Sakandare na Kudancin, harabar makarantar ba ta sake karɓar rajistar Aji 7 ba. A ƙarshen 1994, Aji 8, 11 da 12 sun daina aiki a harabar Barrack Street, kuma an mayar da dukkan ajin sakandare zuwa harabar Austins Ferry. Wannan ya ba da damar kafa Kwalejin Guilford Young (Aji 11 da 12) a wurin Barrack Street. Aji 9 da 10 har yanzu suna gudana a 1995, kuma Aji 10 ne kawai aka bayar a 1996.

Bayan shekarar 1996, Kwalejin St Virgil ta daina gudanar da kowane darasi a harabar Barrack Street. Tun daga lokacin, ana koyar da 'yan aji 7-10 a harabar Austins Ferry, kuma saboda dakatar da Aji 11-12, ɗalibai da yawa sun koma sabuwar Kwalejin Guilford Young don shekarun farko na karatunsu na jami'a.

A watan Agusta na shekarar 1995, an ba da izinin Makarantar St Peter ta zama Makarantar Sakandare ta Kwalejin St Virgil daga shekarar 1996 zuwa gaba. Yanzu haka Makarantar Sakandare tana ɗaukar yara maza daga aji 3 zuwa 6 kuma tana aiki a tsohon wurin Makarantar St Peter da ke titin Patrick.

## Manazarta
Kwalejin St Mary, Hobart

**Kwalejin St Mary** ta kasance makarantar Katolika ta yara daga aji 12 zuwa aji 12, makarantar kwana ga 'yan mata, wacce ke gefen arewacin birnin Hobart, Tasmania, Ostiraliya.

Duk da cewa galibi makarantar 'yan mata ce, makarantar St Mary's tana karɓar yara maza da mata har zuwa aji na 2, kuma a halin yanzu tana ɗaukar kimanin ɗalibai 900 daga makarantar renon yara zuwa aji na 12. Tana nan a filin cocin St Mary's, kusa da harabar makarantar renon yara ta Kwalejin St Virgil . Yaran da ke zuwa makarantar renon yara ta St Mary's don renon yara zuwa aji na 2 galibi suna komawa harabar makarantar renon yara ta Kwalejin St Virgil da ke kusa da gidan.

Kwalejin St Mary memba ce ta ƙungiyar Makarantun 'Yan Mata ta Ostiraliya.  A shekara ta 2008, Kwalejin St Mary ta yi bikin cika shekaru 140 da haihuwa a matsayin makarantar Presentation Sisters. Taken bikin na wannan shekarar shine "Kwalejin St Mary. Abin alfahari. Makomar da ta fi ƙarfi".

## Tarihi
An kafa kwalejin ne ta hannun Presentation Sisters a shekarar 1868, kuma duk da cewa ɗaliban ba sa koyarwa ne kawai daga 'yan'uwansu mata na wannan cocin, har yanzu suna gudanar da kwalejin. Da farko akwai makarantu biyu a harabar makarantar ta yanzu - St Columba's (makarantar firamare kyauta ga al'umma mafi talauci) da kuma Mt St Mary's. Daga ƙarshe aka haɗa su biyun. Asalin gidan sufi da ɗakunan makaranta har yanzu suna nan a wurin har yanzu.

Duk da cewa makarantar 'yan mata ce kawai, har zuwa lokacin da aka buɗe Kwalejin St Virgil a shekarar 1911, kwalejin ta kuma kula da yara maza a manyan makarantu. Kwalejin ta koyar da shirye-shirye zuwa aji 12 ne kawai har zuwa 1996, lokacin da aka buɗe makarantar yara. Har zuwa shekarun 1990, shugabar kwalejin koyaushe tana cikin ƙungiyar, amma ta ƙarshe daga cikin 'yan'uwan da suka zama Shugaba ita ce Sister Barbara Amott. Sister Barbara malamar makaranta ce kuma ta kasance memba mai himma a Kwalejin St Mary tsawon shekaru da yawa, kuma ta kasance Shugabar makaranta a lokuta da dama. Shugabar makarantar a yanzu ita ce Damien Messer.

## Manazarta
Anandiben Patel

**Anandiben Mafatbhai Patel** (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba 1941)   ɗan siyasan Indiya ne wanda ke aiki a matsayin Gwamnan Uttar Pradesh na 20 kuma na yanzu tun daga 2019. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin gwamnan Madhya Pradesh na 17 daga 2020 zuwa 2021 kuma a matsayin Gwamna na Chhattisgarh daga 2018 zuwa 2019. Ta yi aiki a matsayin ta farko kuma har zuwa yau, ita kadai ce Gujarat" id="mwGg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Chief Minister of Gujarat">Babban Minista Gujarat. Ita ce kuma mace ta biyu a matsayin Gwamna na Uttar Pradesh bayan Sarojini Naidu kuma ita ce gwamnan da ta fi dadewa a jihar. Ta kasance memba na Jam'iyyar Bharatiya Janata (BJP) tun 1987. Ta kasance Ministan Ilimi na Ma'aikatar daga 2002 zuwa 2007.

Ta kasance Ministan Minista na Hanyar da Gine-gine, Haraji, Ci gaban Birane da Gidajen Birane, Gudanar da Bala'o'i da Ayyukan Babban Birni a Gwamnatin Gujarat daga 2007 zuwa 2014. 

A ranar 19 ga watan Janairun 2018, ta zama Gwamna na Madhya Pradesh wanda ya maye gurbin Om Prakash Kohli wanda ke riƙe da ƙarin caji tun watan Satumbar 2016. 

## Rayuwa ta farko

### Haihuwar

### Ilimi

#### Makarantar
Ta koma makarantar sakandare ta N.M. don karatun sakandare wanda ke da 'yan mata uku kawai. Ta shiga kwaleji don karatun BSc (Bachelor of Science) a shekarar 1960. An ba ta lambar yabo ta "Veer Bala" a Mehsana saboda nasarorin da ta samu a wasanni. 

### Malami
Patel ta yi aiki a matsayin malama a Mohiniba Kanya Vidyalaya, Ahmedabad a 1967 ko 1970, inda ta koyar da kimiyya da lissafi ga ɗaliban sakandare. Daga baya, ta zama shugabar makarantar.

## Ayyukan siyasa

### Ƙarfin zuciya
Shigar da Patel cikin siyasa ya fara ne da hatsari a lokacin wani biki na makaranta a 1987, lokacin da ta yi tsalle a cikin tafkin Sardar Sarovar don ceton 'yan mata biyu da ke nitsewa yayin wani biki na makarantar, wanda ta sami lambar yabo ta shugaban kasa.[1] A kan rinjayar da Keshubhai Patel da Narendra Modi, ta shiga BJP a matsayin Shugaban Gujarat Pradesh Mahila Morcha a shekarar 1987. [2]

### Rashin tsuntsaye da sabis
A shekara ta 1992, ta shiga cikin Ekta Yatra daga Kanyakumari zuwa Srinagar tare da shugaban BJP Murli Manohar Joshi . 

### A matsayinta na memba na majalisar dokoki
An zabi Patel a Rajya Sabha daga Gujarat a shekarar 1994.
Kwalejin Guilford Young

**Kwalejin Guilford Young kwaleji** ce ta sakandare ta Roman Katolika, wacce ke da harabar makarantar a unguwannin Glenorchy da Hobart City da ke Tasmania, Ostiraliya. Kwalejin tana ba da ilimi ga ɗalibai a aji na 11 da na 12, tana ba da fiye da kwasa-kwasan Tasmanian Certificate of Education (TCE), da kwasa-kwasan horo da horo na gaba da sakandare da na sana'a (VET). An sanya wa kwalejin suna don girmama Sir Guilford Young wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Bishop na takwas na Hobart daga 1955 zuwa 1988.

## Tarihi
An kafa Kwalejin Guilford Young a shekarar 1994 kuma an buɗe ta ga ɗalibai a shekarar 1995, bayan da Archdiocese na Hobart, 'Yan'uwan Kirista, 'Yan'uwan Dominican, Salesians na Don Bosco, 'Yan'uwan Sadaka da 'Yan'uwan Saint Joseph suka kafa ta. An kafa kwalejin ne bayan sake fasalin tsarin ilimin Katolika a kudancin Tasmania wanda ya sa wasu makarantun sakandare na Katolika suka miƙa azuzuwan sakandare nasu (Shekaru 11 da 12) don ƙirƙirar kwalejin sakandare ɗaya.

## Kwalejoji masu alaƙa
Kwalejojin Katolika da ke da alaƙa da GYC sune: Kwalejin Sacred Heart, Sabon Gari ; Kwalejin Mount Carmel, Sandy Bay ; Kwalejin St Virgil, Austin Ferry ; Kwalejin Dominic, Glenorchy ; Kwalejin Katolika ta MacKillop, Mornington ; Kwalejin Katolika ta St James, Cygnet ; da Kwalejin Katolika ta St Aloysius, Huntingfield.

## Takardar shaidar kwaleji
Takardar shaidar shiga Jami'a ta ƙunshi:

* Giciyen Akbishop
* Littafin Linjila
* Kalmar Allah
* Wutar da ke wakiltar Kristi, Hasken duniya.

## Harabar Glenorchy
Harabar Glenorchy tana cikin titin Bowden, Glenorchy. Harabar faffadan gida ce, tare da Dutsen Wellington a matsayin bango. Harabar tana kewaye da Ofishin Gudanarwa na Tsakiya wanda ke ɗauke da gudanarwa ga kwalejin da kuma gudanarwar harabar. Azuzuwa, kanti, chapel, ɗakunan ma'aikata, ɗakin karatu, shagon kayan makaranta da ofisoshi suna cikin gine-gine da dama. Cibiyar Bosco tana ɗauke da wurin motsa jiki, wasan kwaikwayo da kiɗa yayin da gidan Houghton da ke kusa yake da al'umma mai mutane biyu na Benedictine. Nan kusa akwai sabuwar Cibiyar Horar da Kasuwanci ta Kwalejojin Kudancin, da kuma wuraren da za a yi darussan da suka haɗa da fasaha, abinci da ɗaukar hoto.

Harabar Glenorchy kuma gida ce ga Cibiyar Fasaha ta Don Bosco, wadda cibiyarta ke da wurin wasan kwaikwayo mai kujeru 600. Sauran kwalejojin Katolika a Hobart da kewaye da kuma ɗimbin ƙungiyoyin al'umma suna amfani da wurin.

## Manazarta
Kwalejin MacKillop, Mornington

**Kwalejin Katolika ta MacKillop** kwaleji ce mai zaman kanta ta Roman Katolika wacce ke da alaƙa da juna tsakanin shekaru 7 zuwa 12 a unguwar Hobart da ke Mornington, Tasmania, Ostiraliya.  An sanya mata suna don girmama ƙwararren malamin Australiya, malamar coci kuma wacce ta kafa Cibiyar ' Yan'uwa Mata ta St Joseph na Zuciya Mai Tsarki, Mary MacKillop . Kwalejin kuma tana da alaƙa da ' Yan'uwan Kirista waɗanda Edmund Rice ya kafa.  MacKillop da Rice sune manyan hanyoyin samun wahayi ga al'ummar makarantar. Kwalejin Katolika ta MacKillop ita ce kaɗai kwalejin sakandare ta Katolika da ke kula da gabashin gabar Hobart. An naɗa Brendan Gill, shugaban Kwalejin Katolika ta Mackillop a yanzu, bayan ya yi aiki a matsayin Mukaddashin Shugaba. Brendan Gill kuma an san shi da Al'ummar Mackillop a matsayin 'Mutumin Mutane.'

Kwalejin memba ce ta Ƙungiyar Wasanni ta Makarantun 'Yancin Kai na Tasmania. 

## Tarihi
Kwalejin Katolika ta MacKillop wani ɓangare ne na sake fasalin ilimin Katolika a Archdiocese na Hobart a farkon shekarun 1990, kodayake an fara motsi don kafa makarantar sakandare ta Katolika a gabashin gabar Hobart a shekarun 1960.[1] A shekarar 1993, Cocin Katolika ta sayi wurin da gine-ginen Makarantar Firamare ta Mornington, wacce ta daina aiki a matsayin makarantar firamare ta jiha a ƙarshen 1992. An buɗe MacKillop a wurin a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 1994, tare da ɗalibai 59. Zuwa shekarar 2009, yawan masu rajista ya karu zuwa sama da ɗalibai 500.[2] A cikin shekaru 10 na farko na aikin makarantar, an aiwatar da shirin gini mai tsari, inda aka kammala mataki na takwas a 2004.[2]

## Manazarta
Victor Fuchs

**Victor Robert Fuchs** (Janairu 31, 1924 - Satumba 16, 2023) masanin tattalin arziki ne na Amurka. An san shi da littafinsa na 1975 *mai suna Who Shall Live?,* wanda ya yi cikakken bayani game da illolin hauhawar farashin kula da lafiya a Amurka .

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Fuchs a Bronx . Iyayensa baƙi ne daga Austria.  Ƙaninsa, Lawrence Fuchs, ya ci gaba da zama farfesa a fannin nazarin Amurka a Jami'ar Brandeis . 

Fuchs ya yi aiki a rundunar sojin Amurka a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, kuma ya yi karatun gudanar da harkokin kasuwanci a matsayin ɗalibi na farko a Jami'ar New York . Da farko ya yi aiki a harkar mahaifinsa a matsayin mai sayar da kayan gashi, kafin ya koma makaranta, inda ya sami digirin digirgir a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Columbia a shekarar 1954.

## Sana'a
Bayan koyarwa a NYU da Columbia, Fuchs ya zama farfesa a Jami'ar Stanford a shekarar 1978.   Ya kasance mataimakin bincike a Ofishin Bincike na Tattalin Arziki na Ƙasa kuma shine daraktan FRESH-Thinking Project da CASBS a Jami'ar Stanford.  An zaɓe shi a Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka a shekarar 1982  da kuma Ƙungiyar Falsafa ta Amurka a shekarar 1990. A shekarar 1995, a wannan shekarar da ya karɓi matsayin *emeritus* a Stanford, ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Amurka .  A shekarar 2001, ya sami kyautar John R. Commons, wadda ƙungiyar girmamawa ta tattalin arziki Omicron Delta Epsilon ta ba shi. 

A shekarar 1975, Fuchs ya buga littafin " *Who Shall Live?* *Health, Economics, and Social Choice"*, wanda ya tattauna karuwar kashe kudi kan kiwon lafiya a Amurka, da kuma yadda ba ya da alaka da ingantaccen kiwon lafiya gaba daya. *[[New York Times|Jaridar New York Times]]* ta ce ya zama "karin karatu da ake bukata tsakanin likitoci, masana tattalin arziki da duk wanda ke da sha'awar batun kula da lafiyar Amurka".  Ya sabunta littafin a tsawon rayuwarsa, inda bugu na karshe da ya yi aiki a kai ya fara bugawa a watan Oktoba na 2023, wata bayan mutuwarsa. 

### Matsakaicin talauci
An yaba wa Fuchs da gabatar da ƙimar talauci, wanda aka ƙididdige a matsayin ƙaramin ɓangare na membobin al'umma waɗanda ke samun ƙasa da kashi 50% na matsakaicin kuɗin shiga.  

### Kwatanta kiwon lafiya a Kanada da Amurka
A shekarar 1990, Fuchs ya buga wata takarda tare da James S. Hahn, mai taken *Yaya Kanada Take Yi?* *- Kwatanta Kuɗin da Ake Kashewa don Ayyukan Likitoci a Amurka da Kanada* . Ya tattauna bambance-bambancen da ke cikin tsarin kashe kuɗin kula da lafiya na Kanada da Amurka, sannan ya tattauna dalilin da ya sa kashe kuɗin kula da lafiya ya fi yawa a Amurka. Fuchs da Hahn sun gano cewa mafi girman kashe kuɗin Amurka ya dogara ne akan kashi 234 cikin ɗari na ƙarin kuɗaɗen ayyuka fiye da Kanada duk da cewa akwai likitoci da yawa ga kowane mutum a Kanada. Wannan ya nuna cewa ra'ayin da aka saba da shi game da adana kuɗi ta hanyar samar da ƙananan ayyuka ƙarya ne kuma tsarin inshora, kasancewar tsarin biyan kuɗi ɗaya, shine abin da ya ba shi fa'ida. 

#### MANAZARTA
Renu Devi

**Renu Devi** (an haife ta a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba 1959) 'yar siyasar Indiya ce wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Babban Minista na 7 na Bihar daga 16 ga Nuwamba 2020 zuwa 9 ga Agusta 2022. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin Ministan albarkatun dabbobi da kifi a majalisar ministocin Nitish ta 9.

Ta zama mataimakiyar mataimakiyar Ministan Indiya ta biyar daga Bihar a shekarar 2020.  Tsohuwar mataimakiyar shugaban Jam'iyyar Bharatiya Janata, a halin yanzu memba ce ta Majalisar Dokokin Bihar kuma tsohuwar mataimaki ce ta jam'iyyar National Democratic Alliance.

Ta auri wani mai binciken inshora na Kolkata mai suna Durga Prasad a shekarar 1973.  Koyaya, mutuwar mijinta kwatsam a cikin shekaru bakwai na aure ya sa ta koma Bettiah, garin mahaifiyarta, kuma ta bi shi a matsayin *karmabhoomi*. Ita iyaye ce guda ɗaya tare da yara biyu.

## Ayyukan siyasa
Mahaifiyar Renu Devi tana da alaƙa da Sangh Parivar, wanda aka ce ya rinjayi ta sosai. Renu Devi kuma ta kasance wani ɓangare na Durga Vahini, reshen mata na Vishwa Hindu Parishad . 

Ta fara aikinta na siyasa ta hanyar fafutukar zamantakewa a 1981, daga baya ta shiga BJP Mahila Morcha ko reshen mata na BJP a shekarar 1988. A shekara mai zuwa, an ba ta alhakin jagorantar reshe a yankin Champaran. An ci gaba da zabar ta a matsayin shugaban reshe na jihar na wa'adi biyu, a 1993 da 1996. 

Kodayake ba ta yi nasara ba a takarar zaben ta na farko a shekarar 1995 daga kujerar Majalisar Nautan, ta yi nasara wajen zabe ta sau hudu daga Bettiah (2000-2015; 2020-yanzu), wani bangare na gundumar West Champaran, zuwa Majalisar Dokokin Bihar. Ta sha kashi a zaben 2015 ga dan takarar Mahagathbandhan wanda ta sake dawo da kujerar a shekarar 2020.

Ta yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Wasanni, Fasaha da Al'adu a Gwamnatin Jihar Bihar tsakanin 2005 da 2009. Ta kuma kasance mataimakiyar shugaban kasa na BJP tsakanin 2014 da 2020, kuma Amit Shah ya zaba ta a matsayin memba na Kwamitin Ayyuka na Kasa na jam'iyyar.  An karɓi nadin ta a shekarar 2020 a matsayin Mataimakin Babban Ministan Bihar.  

## Manazarta
Pamula Pushpa Sreevani

**Pamula Pushpa Sreevani** 'yar siyasar Indiya ce wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar Babban Minista ta 8 kuma Ministan Ma'aikatar Kula da Lafiyar Ƙabilar Andhra Pradesh daga 8 ga Yuni 2019 zuwa 7 ga Afrilu 2022. Ita memba ce ta Majalisar Dokokin Andhra Pradesh daga Mazabar Kurupam . Ita memba ce ta Jam'iyyar YSR Congress . 

A cikin zaben Majalisar Dokokin Andhra Pradesh na 2014, ta sami kuri'u 55,435 (42.3%). Ta samu karin kuri'u 74,527 (53.7%) a zaben 2019. [1]

A watan Yunin 2019, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin Mataimakin Babban Ministoci biyar na Andhra Pradesh a cikin majalisar ministocin Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy kuma an ba ta mukamin Ministan Lafiyar Ƙabilar.[undefined][1][2]

Bidiyo ta na TikTok a kan YS Jagan ya bazu.

## Tarihin zabe

### 2014

## Manazarta
Pravati Parida

**Pravati Parida** (an haife ta 12 ga Mayu 1966) 'yar siyasar Indiya ce daga Odisha . Ta zama mace ta farko kuma Mataimakin Babban Minista na 5 na Odisha a karkashin Mohan Majhi daga 2024. Ita ce kuma Ministan Mata da Ci gaban Yara, Ofishin Jakadancin Shakti, da Yawon Bude Ido. Ita 'yar MLA ce daga mazabar Majalisar Nimapara a Gundumar Puri wacce ke wakiltar Jam'iyyar Bharatiya Janata . Ta lashe Zaben Majalisar Dokokin Odisha na 2024 .  

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
Parida ta fito ne daga Nimapara . Ta auri Shyam Sundar Nayak, tsohon ma'aikacin gwamnati. Ta kammala LLB a Jami'ar Utkal a 1995 kuma ta shiga matsayin lauya a Babban Kotun Odisha, a wannan shekarar na ɗan lokaci. Daga baya, ta kuma yi MA a cikin Gudanar da Jama'a a shekara ta 2005, kuma daga Jami'ar Utkal.

## Ayyuka
Parida ta lashe mazabar Majalisar Nimapara da ke wakiltar Jam'iyyar Bharatiya Janata  a Zaben Majalisar Dokokin Odisha na 2024. Ta samu kuri'u 95,430 kuma ta doke Dilip Kumar Nayak na Biju Janata Dal da ƙarancin kuri'u 4,588 .

A ranar 12 ga Yuni 2024, ta yi rantsuwa a matsayin Mataimakin Babban Ministan Odisha tare da Kanak Vardhan Singh Deo da Mohan Charan Majhi a matsayin babban minista a Janata Maidan, Bhubaneswar . Gwamna Raghubar Das ya yi rantsuwarsu. Firayim Minista Narendra Modi, Ministan Cikin Gida Amit Shah, Ministan Tsaro Rajnath Singh, tare da manyan ministocin jihohi 10 da BJP ke mulki sun kasance.[undefined][undefined] [undefined] [3] [1] Ta zama mataimakiyar mace ta farko ta CM ta Odisha.[2]

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Dominic

**Kwalejin Dominic** makarantar kwana ce ta Roman Katolika, wacce ke da alaƙa da Katolika, wacce ke Glenorchy, wani yanki na Hobart, Tasmania, Ostiraliya.

Kwalejin Dominic tana kula da ɗalibai daga Kindergarten zuwa Aji 10.

## Tarihi
Kwalejin ta samo asali ne daga Saleians na Don Bosco da 'Yan'uwan Dominican. An kafa Kwalejin Dominic a shekarar 1973 kuma ita ce Kwalejin Katolika ta farko da ke koyar da yara a Tasmania. An haɗa harabar babbar makarantar da sauran Kwalejojin Sakandare na Katolika a shekarar 1995 don kafa Kwalejin Guilford Young. A shekarar 2009, Dominic ta buɗe cibiyar koyon yara da kula da su a harabar jami'ar.

## Jagorancin ɗalibai
Kyaftinan Ilimi: Yaɗa muhimmancin koyo a ko'ina cikin kwalejin ta hanyar tabbatar da cewa dukkan ɗalibai suna koyo gwargwadon iyawarsu. Waɗannan shugabannin kuma suna samun taimako daga mai kula da gidansu. Kwalejin sakandare da makarantar firamare suma suna da kyaftin namiji da mace ɗaya da kuma mataimakin kyaftin namiji da mace ɗaya. Waɗannan mukamai na kyaftin ɗalibai ne ke riƙe da su a aji na 6 ko shekara ta 10. Dole ne kyaftin ɗin su riƙe ƙa'idodin makarantar kuma su wakilci makarantar a duk inda suke. Kowane shugaba na kowane iri yana samun taye da alama don girmamawa ga matsayinsa a makarantar.

## Manazarta