Yaƙe-yaƙe na Woyowoyanko

**Yakin Woyowoyanko** wasu sojoji ne guda biyu da aka yi a kusa da kogin Woyowoyanko a watan Afrilun 1883, a lokacin yake-yake tsakanin Faransa da Daular Wassulu ta Samori Ture a yammacin Afirka.

## Tarihi
Rikicin farko tsakanin Faransa da Samori Ture ya fara ne a farkon shekara ta 1882, bayan da sojojin Samori suka kewaye ƙauyen Kiniéran. Da yake wannan ƙauyen yana da alaƙa da ƙauyen Kita mai goyon bayan Faransa, inda Faransawa ke da sansanin soji, mazauna cikinta sun aika da buƙatar taimako ga sojojin Faransa da ke Kita.  Da yake ƙin yin yaƙi da shugaban yaƙi ba tare da umarni ba, kwamandan sansanin Faransa, Kyaftin Monségur, ya aika da manzo zuwa Samori, a yunƙurin shawo kansa ya ɗaga kewayen. Duk da haka, Samori ya sanya wakilin Faransa a kurkuku, matakin da ya sa Kanar Borgnis-Desbordes ya shiga cikin ramuwar gayya ga Wassulu. Tare da ginshiƙi na maza 220, Borgnis-Desbordes ya shiga cikin rikici da yawa tare da sojojin Wassulu a cikin watan Fabrairu 1882. 

A ranar 22 ga watan Nuwamba, 1882, wani ruƙunin sojojin Faransa 542 a ƙarƙashin Kanar Borgnis-Desbordes ya bar sansanin Faransa na Kayes don mamaye ƙauyen Bamako.  Wannan ƙauyen da ke da dubban mazauna yankin yana da mahimmanci a yankin, kuma Borgnis-Desbordes ya so ya kafa sansanin Faransa na dindindin a wannan wurin kafin ya faɗa hannun sojojin Samori. Tafiya a hankali, ginshiƙi ya isa wurin Kita na Faransa a ranar 16 ga watan Disamba. Ruƙunin ya bar Kita a ranar 7 ga watan Janairu, kuma, bayan fafatawa a Daba a ranar 16 ga watan Janairu, ya isa Bamako a safiyar ranar 1 ga watan Fabrairu 1883. 

Ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba Faransawa suka fara gina sansanin soji a Bamako kuma suka fara gina layin wayar da ke haɗa shi da Kayes. A watan Maris na shekarar 1883, halin da ake ciki ya kasance mai tsanani ga Faransa, saboda rashin lafiya da rikice-rikice sun bar su da kimanin mutane 450 da suka dace don yaki daga farkon sojojin 542. 

## Yakin Woyowoyanko na Farko
 
A cikin watan Maris 1883, ɗan'uwan Samori Fabu Ture (wanda kuma ake kira *Keme Brema* ko *Keme Bourama*), a shugaban mayakan Wassulu kusan 3,000, ya lalata ƙauyuka masu goyon bayan Faransa da yawa a kusa da Bamako, kuma ya lalata layin wayar da Faransa ta kafa. 

A ranar 30 ga watan Maris, an aike da wani tawaga ƙarƙashin Kyaftin Piétri zuwa wajen Guinina, inda mayakan Wassulu suka kai hari kan layin wayar.  Lokacin da ya isa can a ranar 1 ga watan Fabrairu, Piétri bai ga alamun abokan gaba ba, amma wasu da suka tsira daga ƙauyen Sibi, waɗanda mayaka Wassulu suka lalata, sun gaya masa kasancewar Wassulu kusa da ƙauyen Kalasa. Piétri da mutanensa sun shafe mako mai zuwa suna gwabzawa da ƙananan bukukuwan Wassulu a yankin, kafin daga bisani su dawo Bamako a ranar 9 ga watan Afrilu. 

A safiyar ranar 2 ga watan Afrilu, Kanar Borgnis-Desbordes ya jagoranci wani kakkarfan mutum 242 don kai hari a wurin da dakarun Wassulu suka yi sansani, a gaɓar kogin Woyowoyanko, mai tazarar kilomita kaɗan daga Bamako.  Borgnis-Desbordes, yana fatan samun nasara cikin sauri tare da kai hari, ya ba da umarnin kai hari na gaba. , Bayan haye kogin, da farko kamfanin Captain Fournier na tirailleur na Senegal ya yi nasarar korar layukan abokan gaba, amma a ƙarshe Faransawa sun yi gefe a ɓangarorin biyu kuma sun ƙare har sai sun ja da baya a wancan gefen kogin. 

Da tsakar rana, ganin cewa mutanensa sun gaji da ƙishirwa da zafi, Kanar Borgnis-Desbordes ya yanke shawarar komawa Bamako maimakon yin wani hari. Kodayake asarar su ta kasance mai sauƙi, wannan haɗin gwiwa ya kasance kasawa ga Faransa, waɗanda mayaƙan Wassulu suka duba harin. 

## Yakin Woyowoyanko na biyu
A mako mai zuwa, dukkan sojojin biyu sun ci gaba da rike matsayinsu, inda sojojin dawakin Wassulu na Fabu suka kai farmaki kan Bamako lokaci-lokaci.  A ranar 9 ga watan Afrilu, tawagar Kyaftin Piétri sun dawo Bamako. Da ya ga cewa mutanen Piétri sun samu isasshen hutu, Kanar Borgnis-Desbordes ya yanke shawarar sake yunkurin kai wani hari a kogin Woyowoyanko, tare da rundunarsa da a yanzu ta kirga sojoji 371 da kuma wani ɓangaren bindigu. 

A ranar 12 ga watan Afrilu da wayewar gari, Faransawa sun tashi daga Bamako suka nufi sansanin Wassulu. A wannan karon Borgnis-Desbordes bai yi ƙoƙarin kai hari na gaba ba, kuma a maimakon haka ya zaɓi wani lulluɓi, ya aika da mai tsaronsa ta wata ƙazantar da ba ta da kyau don juya wuraren Wassulu. 

Yunkurin ya yi nasara, kuma ba da daɗewa ba sojojin Wassulu suka watse cikin ruɗani, tare da ɗaruruwan mayaka ne kawai suka ci gaba da fafatawa don rage ci gaban Faransa.  A sansanin Wassulu da aka yi watsi da su, Faransawa sun sami abinci mai yawa, wanda ya zo musu da kyau saboda rashin wadataccen kayan abinci ya sa su fama da yunwa a cikin watan da ya gabata. 

Rashin dawakinsu da ya hana Faransa cin galaba a kan abokan gaba, hasarar da Wassulu suka yi ya kasance da sauki duk da rashin nasarar da suka samu. 

## Martaba

Duk da kasancewarsa na ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma ba shi da wata dabara, nasarar da aka samu a ranar 2 ga watan Afrilun 1883 ta kasance muhimmiyar al'adu a ƙasar Mali, inda ake kallonta a matsayin wata alama ta tsayin daka na adawa da mulkin mallaka na Faransa.

Ko da yake anachronistic, kamar yadda Samori da mayaƙansa kuma ake ganin su a matsayin azzalumai na ƙasashen waje da mutanen ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 na Mali, waɗanda suka ƙi su saboda zaluncin da ba a taɓa gani ba da kuma bautar da jama'a na gida,  wannan ra'ayi ya sami karɓuwa mai yawa a zamanin zamani, kamar yadda fushi ga mulkin mallaka na Faransa da Pan-Ppendori ya jagoranci akidar mulkin mallaka na Mali. an tabbatar da shi kuma ya zo aka gane shi a matsayin gwarzo na ƙasa. 

A shekara ta 2001, gwamnatin Mali ta ƙirƙira "Parc des Sofas" a kan wurin da ake yaƙin, don tunawa da mayaka na Wassulu. An kafa wani katon mutum-mutumi da ke nuna kujerar sojan Samori.

## Manazarta