Natalie Zahle

**Ida Charlotte Natalie Zahle** (11 Yuni 1827 - 11 Agusta 1913) ta kasance malamin gyara na Danish kuma ta fara ilimin mata. Ta kafa Makarantar N. Zahle a 1851. 

## Rayuwa
Iyayenta sune mai kula da Roskilde Ernst Sophus Wilhelm Zahle (1797-1837) da Vilhelmine Catharina Louise Böttger (1802-37). Bayan mutuwar iyayenta a 1837, ta zauna da farko tare da iyayen mahaifiyarta sannan kuma a matsayin jariri na farfesa da masanin ilimin dabbobi Daniel Frederik Eschricht (1798-1863) da matarsa. Ta yi karatu a makarantar 'yan mata ta Døtreskolen a shekara ta 1791 a Copenhagen, kuma ta tallafa wa kanta a matsayin mai kula da gida.

A shekara ta 1849, ta zama daliba a sabuwar makarantar koyar da mata da aka kafa Den Schule Dannelsesanstalt for Damer . Annestine Beyer (1795-1884) ce ke gudanar da shi, ita ce makarantar farko a Denmark don ba mata ilimin ilimi na sana'a. Bayan kammala karatunta daga wannan makarantar a 1851, ta bude makarantar 'yan mata ta farko.[1]

### Ayyuka
A shekara ta 1852, ta kafa Makarantar N. Zahle (N. Zahles Skole). Makarantar ta ta zama sanannen ma'aikatar ilimi ta farko. An san ta da mutum mai tsari sosai, ta faɗaɗa makarantar daga ɗalibai 25 a 1852 zuwa 200 a 1862, kuma an san ta da zaɓin malamai. Mutane da yawa sanannun mutane malamai ne ko dalibai a can. Ta yi amfani da malamai mata marasa ilimi da malamain maza masu ilimi, ta haɗu da ra'ayin mahaifiyar a matsayin malami mafi muhimmanci da makarantar a matsayin gida, tare da ra'ayoyin zamani na malamai masu cancanta da makarantar a matsayinta na ma'aikatar ilimi mai ladabi, kuma an dauke ta da kyakkyawan daidaituwa tsakanin waɗannan ra'ayoyi biyu masu sabawa na zamani, wanda aka dauka a matsayin babban nasara. Ta kuma haɗu da ra'ayi na gargajiya cewa ya kamata a fi ilmantar da mata don a kammala su da kayan ado ta hanyar ilimi a cikin zane-zane, tare da ra'ayin ci gaba cewa su, da maza, ya kamata a ilimantar da su don su kasance masu aiki, masu aiki tuƙuru, masu kirkira da masu ƙwarewa masu ƙarfi, ta hanyar ilimantar da Su su zama duka biyu.

Hanyar da ta yi na ƙirƙirar daidaitattun haɗuwa ta hanyar al'ada da dabi'u masu ci gaba an kira ta dabarun ta biyu. Wannan kuma ya kasance tare da matsayinta a kan wasu batutuwan mata. Ta ki zabar tsakanin bambancin mata da daidaito mata kuma ta dage kan duka biyu a layi daya. Yawancin ƙarni na farko na mata majagaba a cikin fannoni daban-daban da masu fafutukar kare hakkin mata, ciki har da Anna Hude, Ida Falbe-Hansen, Lis Jacobsen, Ingrid Jespersen, Erna Juel-Hansen da Theodora Lang a wani lokaci sun kasance ɗalibanta.

An dauki Zahle a matsayin majagaba a cikin ƙungiyar mata, kodayake ba ta taɓa yin gwagwarmayar kare hakkin mata a cikin jama'a ba tare da ayyukan iliminta ba. Har zuwa shekara ta 1900, gwamnatin Denmark ba ta shiga cikin ilimin mata ba, kuma Natalie Zahle ta kasance babban mai kirkiro wajen sake fasalin ilimin mata a Denmark a cikin karni na 19. A makarantar ta, ana ba mata ilimin firamare a matsayin yara, sannan kuma suka koma makarantar sakandare a matsayin shiri don karatun jami'a (wanda ya zama samuwa a 1875), don ɗaukar darussan kyauta, ko kuma a ilimantar da su a matsayin malamai. Ta fara makaranta ga malamai mata a 1851, makarantar firamare ta yara a 1852, darussan kyauta a 1861, ilimin jiki a 1864, makarantar kiɗa a 1869, dakin motsa jiki (makarantar)  (wanda ake bukata bayan an buɗe jami'o'i ga mata a Denmark a 1875) a 1877, ta gudanar da Studentereksamen (a matsayin makarantar 'yan mata ta farko a Denmark) daga 1885, kula da kiwon lafiya a 1880, makarantar gwamnati a 1894. 

## Daraja
An ba ta lambar yabo ta Merit a zinariya (Fortjenstmedaljen i guld) a shekara ta 1891.

Gidan tunawa da Natalie Zahle yana cikin Ørsted Park a Copenhagen, kusa da makarantar da ta kafa a 1862. Yana da tagulla, mutum-mutumi na dutse wanda aka tsara Danish sculptor Ludvig Brandstrup (1861-1935) an gina shi a lokacin 1916.

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Gidan yanar gizon N. Zahles Gymnasium