Yaƙe-yaƙe na Bambari (2020-2021)

Tsakanin Disamba 7, 2020 da Fabrairu 18, 2021, rikice-rikice ya ɓarke tsakanin hadin gwiwar Union for Peace a Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya (UPC) da Sojojin Afirka ta Tsakiya (FACA) a ciki da kewayen Bambari, Jamhuriwar Afirka ta Tsayi. 'Yan tawayen UPC sun kwace birnin a ranar 22 ga watan Disamba, suna hana mazauna yin zabe a babban zaben Afirka ta Tsakiya. A watan Fabrairun 2021, sojojin Wagner da FACA sun kai hari kan Bambari, inda suka kashe fararen hula da yawa kuma suka kori dubban mutane.

## Tarihi
A cikin 2019, masu kula da zaman lafiya na MINUSCA daga Portugal, Bangladesh, da Nepal sun mallaki Bambari. Kungiyar 'yan tawaye ta UPC An kai hari kan birnin sama da mako guda, amma ba ta iya kama shi ba. Gwamnatin Afirka ta Tsakiya ta ci gaba da rike birnin har zuwa ƙarshen 2020, kodayake mayakan UPC har yanzu suna da kasancewar a yankunan da ke kewaye da Bambari. Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kira Bambari a matsayin "ba tare da makamai ba" bayan rikice-rikicen da aka yi a shekarar 2017. UNICEF ta fara sake dawo da kayan taimako a yankunan da aka warts a kasar, gami da Bambari a watan Nuwamba 2020, kafin yakin.

## Yaƙi

### Akpé kwanton bauna da kuma UPC
Harin farko a kan Bambari daga UPC ya fara ne da misalin karfe 5 na yamma a ranar 7 ga watan Disamba a unguwar Akpé a yammacin Bambari. Wani sintiri na FACA ya wuce ta cikin unguwar lokacin da harbe-harbe ya fito daga mayakan UPC da ke harba manyan makamai. Rikicin ya bazu zuwa unguwar Bornou da ke kusa, tare da wani mazaunin Bornou yana mai bayyana cewa harbe-harbe ya koma ga makamai masu sauƙi. Yawancin mazauna unguwar sun tsere daga gidajensu a lokacin harbin bindiga, kuma sun dawo washegari. Yaƙin ya tsaya daga baya a yammacin Disamba 7, kuma ba a san ko FACA ko UPC sun fara harba ba.

A cikin dare tsakanin Disamba 8 da 9, mayakan UPC sun kafa kansu a Bambari. A karkashin jagorancin Ali Darassa, mayakan UPC sun isa Bambari a kan manyan motoci da babura daga Bokolobo da Bria, kuma sun ci gaba da isa daga baya da dare daga wasu ƙauyuka. A halin yanzu, sojojin FACA sun karfafa matsayinsu a wasu wurare a cikin birni kuma sun kara yawan masu sintiri a unguwa. Masu biyan kuɗi na Wagner Group sun isa Bambari don taimakawa FACA.

### Yaƙi na farko da kuma kamawar UPC na Bambari
Bayan makonni na kwanciyar hankali, rikice-rikice ya ɓarke a Bambari a tsakar dare a ranar 21 ga Disamba. Harbin ya tsaya a takaice, amma ya ci gaba tsakanin 3am da 5am. An sanya 'yan tawayen UPC a unguwar Adji, Bornou, da Élevage, kuma sun kasance a can suna shirin yaƙi na akalla sa'o'i ashirin da hudu. Da karfe 10 na safe a ranar 22 ga watan Disamba, UPC ta kai hari kan wani sansanin 'yan sanda na FACA a tsakiyar garin sannan ta kai hari ofishin 'yan sanda ya Bambari. Mazauna Bambari sun bayyana cewa akwai mummunar lalacewa a tsakiyar gari, kuma birnin yana "girgiza" daga yawan bindigogi.

Yakin da aka yi a cikin birni ya dauki sa'o'i uku kafin sojoji na FACA, ma'aikatan kwangila na Wagner, da masu kiyaye zaman lafiya na MINUSCA suka tsere daga birnin zuwa Sibut ta hanyar ƙauyen Grimari da ke karkashin ikon UPC. MINUSCA ta bayyana cewa a cikin yakin, an "farka" 'yan sanda da ofishin' yan sanda kuma UPC ta shiga gidaje da ke kusa da su kuma ta sace su. Da yammacin ranar 22 ga watan Disamba, UPC ta kwace iko da Bambari. Magajin garin Bambari Abel Matchipata ya bayyana cewa FACA na jiran ƙarfafawa, kuma UPC ce ke sarrafa Bambari sosai.

### Sakamakon kamawar UPC
Ma'aikatan gwamnatin Afirka ta tsakiya da masu tausayi sun gudu zuwa sansanin MINUSCA a Bambari a lokacin da UPC ta kama garin, amma sun fara komawa gidajensu yayin da ƙura ta daidaita kuma ta dawo da kwanciyar hankali. Gwamnatin Afirka ta Tsakiya ta kuma nemi masu kiyaye zaman lafiya na MINUSCA na Portugal da su yi yaƙi da 'yan tawaye na UPC waɗanda suka bi FACA da Wagner da suka janye, kuma suna kan hanyar zuwa Sibut. Kwamandan UPC Ali Darassa ya ziyarci Bambari a ranar 26 ga watan Disamba, kwana daya kafin Babban zaben Afirka ta Tsakiya na 2020-21. Masu sharhi sun ba da shawarar cewa ziyarar Darassa zuwa birnin wani yunkuri ne na samun kuri'un mazaunan Bambari ga UPC.

Tsakanin karfe 5 na safe da 6 na safe a ranar 27 ga watan Disamba, ranar zaben, mayakan UPC sun harbe bindiga a Bambari don matsawa fararen hula kada su shiga cikin zaben. An rufe tashoshin zabe a Bambari a wannan rana. A ƙarshen watan Disamba, sojojin Wagner sun kashe direban likitocin Sans Frontieres da fasinjoji uku saboda rashin tsayawa a wurin dubawa.

### Yaƙi na biyu da sake kamawa ta FACA da Wagner
A ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, sojojin FACA da Wagner sun rushe wani wurin dubawa na UPC a Kombele, kilomita goma daga Bambari. Mayakan UPC da ke zaune a Bambari sun fara kai farmaki don sake kama masu garkuwa da UPC guda biyu, amma FACA ta yi amfani da wannan kai farmaki wajen kama sansanin UPC a Bambari, ta tilasta mayakan su gudu daga wani ɓangare na birnin. Wani mazaunin Bambari ya bayyana cewa yayin da birnin ya kwanta, mazauna suna jin tsoron zagaye na biyu na tashin hankali.

Sojojin FACA da Wagner sun kai hari Bambari tsakanin Fabrairu 15 da 16 don sake kwace birnin daga UPC.  Yaƙin ya fara ne da yamma a ranar 15 ga Fabrairu tare da harbe-harbe a unguwanni da ake zargi da UPC. Sojojin Rasha sun kuma yi amfani da akalla jirgi mai saukar ungulu guda ɗaya. Ɗaya daga cikin mazaunan Bambari ya bayyana cewa ita da wasu fararen hula da yawa sun gudu zuwa masallacin al-Taqwa don aminci. Sojojin Wagner sun shiga masallacin kuma sun fara harbi ba tare da nuna bambanci ba a kan fararen hula, har ma da wadanda ke da hannayensu. Wani wanda ya tsira daga kisan kiyashi na masallaci ya bayyana cewa an harbe mutane hudu nan da nan, kuma shi da wasu sun tsere kan bango zuwa cikin daji yayin da sojoji na FACA suka riga sun mallaki asibitin. Har ila yau, jirgin saman Rasha ya harbe fararen hula a kan titi da gidaje, yana harbi ba tare da nuna bambanci ba a kan unguwanni.

Kimanin mutane ashirin da daya ne aka kashe a kisan kiyashin masallacin al-Taqwa, kuma bidiyon daya ya nuna gawawwaki goma sha huɗu. Wasu kafofin na cikin gida sun bayyana cewa mayakan UPC guda biyu suna cikin masallacin, amma wadanda suka tsira sun bayyana cewa babu wanda ya tsira. A asibitin yankin Bambari, Médecins Sans Frontières sun ba da sanarwar cewa mutane talatin da shida sun isa asibitin tare da raunin a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu. A wannan lokacin, Wagner da FACA suna cikin iko da Bambari. MSF ta kuma bayyana cewa a lokacin yakin, FACA da Wagner sun kai hari asibitin.

Gwamnatin Afirka ta Tsakiya ta bayyana cewa sun "yantar" Bambari a ranar 17 ga Fabrairu. Koyaya, Red Cross ta bayyana cewa har yanzu ana ci gaba da fada a Bambari a tsakiya da unguwanni masu nisa, tare da mazauna da yawa suna guduwa daga gidajensu. A wannan lokacin, gawarwakin fararen hula da yawa suna kwance a titunan birnin daga babban fada kwanaki da yawa da suka gabata, kuma har yanzu ba a san adadin fararen hula ba.

## Sakamakon haka
Bambari ya kasance mai natsuwa bayan Wagner da FACA sun sake kama birnin. A watan Maris na 2021, mazaunan Bambari sun bayyana cewa 'yan kwangila na Wagner suna matsawa mazaunan musulmai - mafi yawan Bambari - kuma za su tsananta musu kuma su kai musu hari idan Musulmai suna kusa ko suna aiki a ma'adinin zinare na Ndassima. Sojojin Wagner sun kuma kashe wani shugaban yankin wanda ake zargi da jin tausayi ga UPC.

Sojojin Wagner da FACA sun rushe sansanin 'yan gudun hijira na Elevage a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2021, inda suka kori mutane 8,500. Kwanaki biyu da suka gabata, ƙananan rikice-rikice sun ɓarke tsakanin UPC da Wagner da FACA, inda suka kashe fararen hula biyu da soja na FACA. Yawancin mazauna sun bar komai bayan an rushe sansanin, kuma ruwan sama mai yawa da rashin kowane irin mafaka, tsabta, ko sauro ya sa ya zama da wahala a sake fara gini.

## Bayanan da aka ambata