Ethel MacDonald

**Camelia Ethel MacDonald** (24 Fabrairu 1909 - 1 Disamba 1960) ta kasance ' yar Scotland mai tsattsauran ra'ayi, mai fafutuka, kuma mai watsa shirye-shiryen Yaƙin Basasa na Spain a 1937 a gidan rediyo mai goyon bayan Republican da mai adawa da farkisanci na Barcelona.

## Shekarun farko
An haifi Camelia Ethel McDonald a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu, 1909 a Bellshill, Scotland, ga Andrew McDonald, mai zane-zanen koci, da Daisy Watts.  'Yar asalin North Lanarkshire,    Ethel MacDonald, 'yar shekara biyar cikin yara tara,  ta bar gida tana da shekaru 16, ta shiga Jam'iyyar Labour mai zaman kanta (ILP)  kuma ta yi aiki a wurare daban-daban. A shekarar 1925  ta haɗu da Guy Aldred kuma, tare da shi, ta zama mai fafutukar siyasa a cikin Tarayyar Kwaminisanci masu adawa da Majalisar Dokoki (APCF). A shekarar 1933 ta karɓi gayyatarsa ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatarensa,  kuma ta haɗu da shi a cikin kafa Ƙungiyar Haɗin Kan Jama'a ta Amurka (USM) a watan Yunin 1934  .  A wannan lokacin ta ƙware a Faransanci da Jamusanci . 

## Yaƙin Basasa na Spain
A watan Nuwamba na 1936  MacDonald ta yi tafiya zuwa Barcelona tare da abokin aikin Guy Aldred, Jenny Patrick, don wakiltar da kuma nuna goyon bayan ƙungiyar 'yan gurguzu ta Scotland ga ƙungiyar 'yan Republican a Yaƙin Basasa na Spain . A watan Janairun 1937  ta fara watsa rahotannin Turanci na yau da kullun game da yaƙin da aka yi da gidan rediyon 'yan gurguzu na Barcelona wanda Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Ƙasa (CNT) ke gudanarwa. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

A cikin wannan farmakin da ya biyo bayan abubuwan da suka faru a watan Mayun 1937, ta taimaka wa 'yan tawayen da 'yan sandan sirri na Kwaminisanci ke nema, sannan ta yi amfani da wasiƙun kurkuku da abinci ga abokan hamayyar da hukumomin yankin ke riƙe da su.  Ta hanyar ayyukanta na taimaka wa 'yan tawayen da suka tsere daga Spain, ta shahara a jaridun Burtaniya a matsayin "Scotts Scarlet Pimpernel ".  Tsakanin Yuli da Nuwamba 1937, ta kasance mace ta ƙasa a jaridu, tare da rahotanni da tambayoyi na yau da kullun game da inda take da ayyukanta. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

### Mutuwar Bob Smillie
A ranar 12 ga Yuni 1937, Bob Smillie, wanda memba ne na Jam'iyyar Labour mai zaman kanta wacce ke fafatawa da sojojin POUM na jam'iyyar Republican, ya mutu yayin da 'yan sandan Valencia ke tsare da shi. 'Yan sanda sun ce mutuwarsa ta faru ne sakamakon ciwon ciki, amma jita-jita ta yaɗu a ko'ina cikin Valencia cewa an doke shi har lahira. MacDonald ta fara ba da rahoton abubuwan da suka faru a rediyo da kuma a cikin jaridu. Wannan ya haifar da kama ta. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

Daga ƙarshe MacDonald ta tsere daga tsarewa ta bar Spain gaba ɗaya, ta koma Glasgow a watan Nuwamba 1937. [1] A kan hanya ta yi tafiya ta Paris da Amsterdam, inda ta yi Allah wadai da ayyukan 'yan gurguzu a Spain. Ta ci gaba da tattaunawa a bainar jama'a kan shari'ar Bob Smillie, amma David Murray, memba na Jam'iyyar Labour mai zaman kanta wanda shi ma ya je Spain, ya yi jayayya kan labarinta a Burtaniya. Murray ya dage cewa Smillie ya mutu sakamakon ciwon peritonitis, kuma an yi imani da shi gaba ɗaya har sai da George Orwell ya koma Landan a 1938 kuma ya fara yin Allah wadai da ayyukan 'yan gurguzu a Spain. Georges Kopp, wanda shi ne kwamandan Smillie a Spain, shi ma ya dawo ya goyi bayan ra'ayin cewa an kashe Smillie. [2]

== Shekarun da suka biyo baya da mutuwa ==
Bayan dawowarta daga Spain, Ethel MacDonald ta yi aiki kafada da kafada da Guy Aldred, Jenny Patrick, John Taylor Caldwell da sauran masu tsattsauran ra'ayi a Glasgow a wani kamfanin buga littattafai mai ''suna The Strickland Press'', wanda ke buga mujallu na yau da kullun na ƙungiyar USM, ''The Word'' . Sun ci gaba da ayyukansu har zuwa [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] da kuma ƙungiyar zaman lafiya ta shekarun 1950, inda aka ɗauki MacDonald a matsayin manaja, mai kula da littattafai da kuma firintar ''The Strickland Press'' . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

Ita da Guy Aldred sun ba da gudummawar takardunsu ga ɗakin karatu na Mitchell da ke Glasgow. Tarin ya ƙunshi kusan abubuwa 500 da suka ƙunshi jaridun Sipaniya, wasiƙun labarai, takardun labarai, fosta, fosta, ƙasidu da hotuna da aka bayar ƙarƙashin jagorancin CNT da Iberian Anarchist Federation a tsakanin 1936-1938. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

An gano cewa Ethel MacDonald tana da [[Sclerosis da yawa|cutar sclerosis mai yawa]] a watan Fabrairun 1958 kuma ta rasa ikon magana. Cikin shekaru uku ta mutu a Asibitin Knightswood da ke Glasgow tana da shekaru 51. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

## Manazarta