Kwaminisanci a Iran

**Socialism a Iran,** ko kuma socialism na Iran, akidar siyasa ce wacce ta samo asali ne a karni na 20 kuma jam'iyyun siyasa daban-daban ne ke wakilta ta a cikin kasar. Iran ta ɗan sami lokacin gurguzu na duniya ta uku a saman Jam'iyyar Tudeh, bayan da Reza Shah ya yi murabus da kuma hauhawar ɗansa, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi . Koyaya, Jam'iyyar Tudeh ba ta taɓa samun iko ba. Bayan ya kasa karbar mulki, wannan nau'in gurguzu na Duniya ta Uku ya maye gurbin Mohammad Mosaddegh, wanda ba shi da alaƙa da kishin ƙasa na Iran, wanda jam'iyyar National Front ta wakilta. Wannan motsi ya zama babban dakarun adawa da mulkin mallaka a Iran, ya kai ga iko a takaice tsakanin 1949 da 1953, kuma yana riƙe da tasirinsa har ma a cikin adawa bayan juyin mulkin Mossadegh. A ƙarshe akidar ta ba da damar tashiwar Islama da Juyin Juya Halin Iran.  Jam'iyyar Tudeh daga baya ta sauya zuwa wani nau'i na Kwaminisanci na kwaminis.

## Kungiyoyin Socialist na Iran a lokacin 1900-1979

### Jam'iyyar Democrat ta Azerbaijan
An kafa Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party a cikin 1904 ko 1905 ta hanyar 'yan gudun hijirar Iran a Transcaucasia, tare da taimakon masu juyin juya hali na gida. Jam'iyyar ta ci gaba da dangantaka ta kusa da Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Labour Party ta Rasha da Jam'idar Hemmat .  Ita ce kungiyar gurguzu ta farko a Iran. Jam'iyyar ta haɓaka haɗuwa ta musamman ta zamantakewar Turai da ra'ayoyin 'yan asalin ƙasar, yayin da kuma ba da shawara ga' yanci da kishin ƙasa. Kodayake yana sukar masu ra'ayin mazan jiya,  ya riƙe wasu imani na addini  kuma ya goyi bayan rabuwa da coci da jihar.  Haydar Khan Amo-oghli ne ya kafa jam'iyyar kuma Nariman Narimanov ne ya jagoranci.

### Jam'iyyar Socialist
A lokacin mulkin mallaka, Jam'iyyar Socialist Party da Jam'iyyar Reformers Party jam'iyyun siyasa ne na gurguzu a Qajar Iran .  An dauki Jam'iyyar Social Reformers Party a matsayin mai matsakaici idan aka kwatanta da dandamali na tattalin arziki na Jam'iyyar Democrat da Jam'iyyar Liberal Democratic Party, kodayake ta yi tsayayya da masu mallakar gidaje.

### Jam'iyyar Union da Progress
Jam'iyyar Union and Progress Party jam'iyya ce ta siyasa a lokacin mulkin Qajar Iran .  A cikin Zaben majalisar dokokin Farisa na 1909, jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru hudu kuma ta haɗa kai da Jam'iyyar Moderate Socialists a kan Jam'iyyar Democrat.

### Jam'iyyar Democrat
Jam'iyyar Democrat, wacce aka kafa a 1909 a lokacin tsarin mulki na Qajar Iran, tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan jam'iyyun majalisa guda biyu a lokacin, tare da abokin hamayyarta, Jam'iyyar Moderate Socialists .  Jam'iyyar ta bi akidar zamantakewar dimokuradiyya kuma da farko ta kasance reshe ne na Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party da ke Transcaucasia. Koyaya, ta yanke alaƙa kai tsaye da Baku kuma ta cire "Socialist" daga sunanta don yin kira ga jama'a masu ra'ayin mazan jiya, kodayake akidar ta ta kasance tana da tasiri sosai daga jam'iyyar ta asali. Jam'iyyar ta kunshi masu ilimi na tsakiya kuma sun ba da shawara don rabuwa da coci da jihar.

A shekara ta 1918, jam'iyyar ta rabu zuwa bangarori biyu: 'yan Democrat masu fafutukar sake tsarawa, karkashin jagorancin Bahar, da kuma 'yan Democrates masu adawa da sake tsarawa. Shahararrun mambobi sun hada da Hassan Taqizadeh da Haydar Khan Amo-oghli . 

### Jam'iyyar Socialist Revolutionary
An kafa shi a cikin shekarun 1900, Jam'iyyar Socialist Revolutionary Party, wanda aka fi sani da Social-Revolutionaries, jam'iyyar Social Socialist ce ta Iran da ke zaune a Baku, Caucasus Viceroyalty .  Yana daya daga cikin manyan jam'iyyun da 'yan gudun hijirar Iran suka kafa a Transcaucasia a zamanin Qajar. Jam'iyyar ta buga jaridar yaren Azerbaijan, Ekinçi ve Fe'le, wacce aka bayar sau biyu a mako kuma Hosayn Israfilbekov ne ya shirya ta.

### Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Farisa
Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Farisa, wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1917 a matsayin Jam'iyyar Adalci, jam'iyyar Kwallon Kwaminisancin Iran ce da tsoffin mambobin Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party suka kafa wadanda suka goyi bayan Bolsheviks da ke Baku. Jam'iyyar ta shiga cikin ta uku ta kasa da kasa a 1919 kuma an sake masa suna Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Iran a 1920. 

### Jam'iyyar Socialist da Jam'iyyar Reformers
A cikin shekarun 1920, Jam'iyyar Socialist ta kasance babbar jam'iyyar siyasa ta hagu a Iran. Ya ci gaba da dangantaka ta kusa da Jam'iyyar Tudeh ta Iran kuma ya shiga kungiyar United Front of Progressive Parties da Tudeh ke jagoranta a 1946, daga ƙarshe babbar ƙungiyar ta shagaltar da ita. Tushen Jam'iyyar Socialist ya kasance a cikin Jam'iyyar Democrat, ƙungiyar masu gyarawa da ke aiki a farkon karni na 20. Bayan rushewar wannan motsi, mambobin da suka riƙe bangaskiya wajen tattara ƙananan da matsakaitan aji sun sake haɗuwa a ƙarƙashin tutar Jam'iyyar Socialist a 1921. Jam'iyyar ta kasance karkashin jagorancin Sulayman Eskandari, Muhammad Musavat, da Qasim Khan Sur, tare da Muhammad Sadiq Tabatabai, memba na sanannen dangin malamai da aka dauka don rage adawa daga malamai masu ra'ayin mazan jiya. Babban jaridar jam'iyyar, Toufan (Storm), mawaki ne mai suna Mohammad Farrokhi Yazdi.

Jam'iyyar ta kafa rassa a Rasht, Qazvin, Bandar Anzali, Tabriz, Mashhad, Kerman, da Kermanshah, kodayake Tehran ta kasance babban tushe na ayyukanta. A cikin babban birnin, jam'iyyar ta kafa jaridu huɗu kuma ta kafa kungiyoyi masu alaƙa, gami da Union of Employees a Ma'aikatar Post and Telegraph, a Tenants Association, da Patriotic Women's Society. Wannan na karshe ya yi kamfen don rawar da mata ke takawa a cikin al'ummar Iran, yana inganta shirye-shirye kamar ilimi ga 'yan mata da inganta kiwon lafiya ga mata. Mohtaram Eskandari ne ya kafa shi a 1922 kuma nan da nan ya zama mai alaƙa da jam'iyyar mijinta.

Dandalin jam'iyyar ya ba da shawarar kafa daidaito a cikin al'umma, samar da hanyoyin samarwa, aiwatar da tsare-tsaren ban ruwa, gabatar da sabon matakin gwamnatin yanki, tabbatar da shari'a mai 'yanci da daidaito, tabbatar da haƙƙin 'yancin magana, 'yancin taruwa, da' yancin ƙungiyar kwadago, gudanar da zaɓen 'yanci, fadada damar samun ilimi, inganta yanayin aiki, kawo ƙarshen aikin yara, da kuma inganta sa hannun gwamnati game da rashin aikin yi. Jam'iyyar ta sami goyon baya, ta jawo hankalin mambobi 2,500 a Tehran kadai jim kadan bayan kafa ta.

Tare da Jam'iyyar Reformist, Jam'iyyar Revival da Jam'idar Kwaminisanci, Jam'idar Socialist ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin kungiyoyi huɗu da Rezā Shāh ya nemi yayin da yake neman tabbatar da kursiyin Iran.  Ya haɗu da karfi tare da Jam'iyyar Revival don samar da mafi rinjaye a cikin majalisar dokokin Iran, wanda ya ba Reza Khan (kamar yadda aka sani a lokacin) damar kafa gwamnatin sake fasalin. Koyaya, Reza Khan nan da nan ya nisanta kansa daga 'yan gurguzu, ya haɗa kai da wasu masu ra'ayin mazan jiya bayan ya watsar da shirye-shiryen jamhuriya kuma ya zaɓi ya kafa kansa a matsayin sarki. Jam'iyyar Socialist ta kasance daya daga cikin kungiyoyi kalilan a majalisa wadanda suka ki tallafawa hauhawar Reza zuwa kursiyin, suna jayayya cewa ka'idodin jamhuriya sun hana su amincewa da mulkin mallaka, duk da goyon bayan yawancin sauye-sauyen da ya yi.

Bayan hauhawar Reza Shah, an rushe Jam'iyyar Socialist a matsayin wani ɓangare na yunkurin da aka yi wa masu adawa da mulkin mallaka. An tilasta wa Eskandari ya yi ritaya daga rayuwar jama'a, kuma an shirya taron jama'a don tayar da membobin jam'iyyar da kuma kai farmaki ga dukiyoyinsu. Wani taron jama'a da 'yan sanda ke jagoranta sun rushe gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Socialist a Enzeli a kan uzuri cewa wata mace mai wasan kwaikwayo ta bayyana a kan mataki yayin wasan kwaikwayo na *Tartuff.*. A Tehran, an jajjefe kungiyar mata ta Patriotic, kuma an ƙone ɗakin karatu. Wani karamin rukuni mai suna iri ɗaya ya sake fitowa a cikin 1944 lokacin da mambobin jam'iyyar Comrades Party suka rabu da wannan rukuni saboda gazawar tallafawa ma'aikatan yajin aiki a Isfahan.

### Ƙungiyar Kwaminisanci ta Farisa
Ƙungiyar Matasan Kwaminisanci ta Farisa, wacce aka kafa a lokacin Juyin Juya Halin Gilan, kungiya ce ta matasa ta kwaminisanci da aka kafa a Qajar Iran biyo bayan rabuwa tsakanin 'yan kwaminisancin da wadanda ba kwaminisanciyar *Jangali* ba a ranar 31 ga Yulin 1920. YCL na Farisa ta shiga cikin tashin hankali da ayyukan farfaganda kuma ta shirya ayyukan makamai a kan mabiyan Kuchik Khan. An rushe kungiyar bayan da aka ci Gilan Soviet.

A cikin 1927, kungiyoyin matasa daban-daban na kwaminisanci sun haɗu don sake kafa YCL na Farisa. Ya zama wani bangare na Matasan Kwaminisanci na Duniya .  Koyaya, a cikin kaka na 1928, an dakatar da kungiyar tare da sauran kungiyoyin hagu.

### Jam'iyyar Jamhuriyar Juyin Juya Halin Iran
An kafa shi a ƙarshen 1924 ta hanyar Iran da ke zaune a ƙasashen waje a Jamus, Jam'iyyar Republican ta Juyin Juya Halin Iran Jam'iyyar siyasa ce ta hagu a Qajar Iran tare da halin sake fasalin gurguzu. Jam'iyyar ta buga dandalin ta a shekarar 1926. 

### Jam'iyyar Jungle
Mai aiki a arewacin Iran a cikin shekarun 1940, Jam'iyyar Jungle ta kasance jam'iyya Masu rabuwa, mai kishin kasa, da kuma gurguzu da 'yan tawaye masu dauke da makamai suka kafa da ke neman farfado da Jamhuriyar Socialist Soviet da aka kafa a 1921, ta amfani da jan tutar ta a matsayin alama. Wasu daga cikin tsoffin abokan Mirza Kuchik Khan ne suka goyi bayan jam'iyyar. A shekara ta 1946, Jam'iyyar Jungle ta haɗa kai da Jam'iyyar Iran, Jam'iyyar Tudeh ta Iran, Jam'iyyar Democrat ta Kurdistan ta Iran, da Jam'idar Democrat ta Azerbaijan.

### Jam'iyyar Iran
 
An kafa shi a shekara ta 1941, an bayyana Jam'iyyar Iran a matsayin "ƙashin baya na National Front", babbar ƙungiyar laima ta 'Yan kasar Iran. An kafa shi ne ta hanyar masu ilimin fasaha na Turai, jam'iyyar ta ba da shawara ga "wani nau'i na gurguzu na Faransa"  (watau, ya "yi koyi da kansa a kan" Jam'iyyar Socialist ta Faransa mai matsakaici)  kuma ya inganta dimokuradiyya ta zamantakewa,  'yan kasa masu sassaucin ra'ayi, da kuma ra'ayin addini. Matsayin gurguzu na jam'iyyar ya fi kama da na Fabian Society fiye da tsarin gurguzu ya Karl Marx. Ta mai da hankali kan ka'idodin gurguzu masu sassaucin ra'ayi da na dimokuradiyya sun sa ta bambanta da jam'iyyun hagu, kuma ba ta shiga cikin tattaunawar haƙƙin ma'aikata ba. Babban bangaren jam'iyyar ya kunshi mambobi ne daga kungiyar Injiniyoyin Iran.

A cikin Zaben majalisar dokokin Iran na 1944, biyar daga cikin shugabannin jam'iyyar - Rezazadeh Shafaq, Ghulam'Ali Farivar, AhdulHamid Zanganeh, Hussein Mu'aven, da Abdallah Mu'azemi - sun lashe kujeru, tare da Mohammad Mosaddegh, wanda ba memba ba ne amma jam'iyyar ta goyi bayansa. Jam'iyyar ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen taimakawa Mosaddegh kafa National Front, ta zama kasa ga masana'antar mai, da kuma hau mulki. Yawancin mambobi sun rike mukamin a lokacin Gwamnatin Mosaddegh.

A cikin shekarun 1950, Karim Sanjabi da Allah-Yar Saleh ne suka jagoranci jam'iyyar. An dakatar da shi bayan juyin mulkin da Birtaniya-Amurka ta goyi bayan a 1953  kuma an haramta shi a 1957 bisa ga kawancen da ta yi da Jam'iyyar Tudeh ta Iran shekaru goma da suka gabata.  An farfado da jam'iyyar a cikin 1960 kuma ta ba da gudummawa sosai ga National Front (II), wanda ya rushe a cikin 1963 kuma an tilasta masa aiki a asirce. Jam'iyyar Iran ta gudanar da taron a shekarar 1964.

Ba a san abubuwa da yawa game da ayyukan jam'iyyar tsakanin 1964 da tsakiyar shekarun 1970 ba, sai dai wasu tarurruka ba bisa ka'ida ba da musayar ra'ayoyi. A shekara ta 1977, tare da League of Socialists da Nation Party, ya taimaka wajen farfado da National Front (IV) kuma ya bukaci dawo da Ruhollah Khomeini zuwa Iran. A farkon 1979, Shapour Bakhtiar, babban sakatare na jam'iyyar, Shah ya nada shi a matsayin Firayim Minista na karshe, tare da mambobi biyu na Jam'iyyar Iran a cikin majalisar ministocinsa. Koyaya, jam'iyyar ta yi tir da yarda da Bakhtiar na mukamin, ta kore shi, kuma ta lakafta shi "mai cin amana".  Bayan 1979, Jam'iyyar Iran ba ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a fagen siyasar Iran ba kuma nan da nan aka dakatar da ita.

### Jam'iyyar Abokan
A cikin shekarun 1940, Jam'iyyar Comrades ta kasance wani ɓangare na tarin kungiyoyin siyasa da aka kafa bayan cire Rezā Shāh .  An kafa jam'iyyar ne a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1942 ta hanyar Mustafa Fateh, masanin tattalin arziki na Birtaniya wanda ke kusa da Jam'iyyar Tudeh ta Iran amma ya yi adawa da dangantakarsa da Tarayyar Soviet. Fateh, wanda ya kasance muhimmiyar mutum a cikin Kamfanin Man Fetur na Anglo-Iranian, ya shirya takardar Tudeh *Mardom* na wani lokaci kafin ya kafa nasa mujallar, Emruz va Farda .  Abbas Narraqi, wani memba mai kafa, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin mutane 53 da aka ɗaure a 1937 a kan zargin da ake yi wa makirci don jagorantar juyin juya halin kwaminisanci.

Jam'iyyar Comrades ta yi kira ga manyan manufofi guda biyu: daidaito na siyasa ga dukkan 'yan Iran da kuma mallakar hanyoyin samarwa. Ya gabatar da 'yan takara goma a Zaben 1944, dukansu sun fito ne daga ƙwararrun ƙwararru. An zabi mambobi biyu na Jam'iyyar Comrades zuwa Majlis na Iran, inda suka zauna tare da Caucus na Mutum, ƙungiyar da suka kafa tare da Jam'iyyar Iran da masu zaman kansu daban-daban, dukansu sun bi jagorancin Mohammad Mosaddegh.

Jam'iyyar ta rabu a shekara ta 1944 biyo bayan wata takaddama a Isfahan, inda rikice-rikice tsakanin ma'aikatan yajin aiki da kabilun yankin da ke da aminci ga Shah ya ɓarke a cikin zarge-zargen cewa ma'aikatan suna ƙoƙarin jagorantar juyin juya halin kwaminisanci. Jam'iyyar Comrades Party ta Majlis ta yi Allah wadai da ma'aikatan kuma ta tabbatar da amincinsu ga Shah. Koyaya, wata ƙungiya ta waje ta shiga Tudeh don tallafawa masu yajin aiki. Wannan rukuni, wanda ke kula da Emruz va Farda, ya rabu don kafa Jam'iyyar Socialist.

### Yunkurin Masu Bautar Allah
An kafa shi a 1943, Movement of God-Worshipping Socialists na ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi shida na asali na National Front .  Muhammed Nakhshab ne ya jagoranci jam'iyyar. An kafa shi ne ta hanyar haɗuwa da ƙungiyoyi biyu: ƙungiyar Nakhshab ta ɗaliban makarantar sakandare a Dar al-Fanoun da ƙungiyar Jalaleddin Ashtiyani ta kimanin ɗalibai 25 a Kwalejin Injiniya a Jami'ar Tehran. Da farko an san shi da League of Patriotic Muslims, kungiyar ta haɗu da ra'ayoyin addini, kishin ƙasa, da ra'ayin gurguzu.

An yaBA wa Nakhshab tare da kira na farko tsakanin Shi'ism da zamantakewar Turai.  Yunkurinsa ya dogara ne akan imanin cewa Islama da kwaminisanci ba su dace ba, saboda dukansu Shi'a neman cimma daidaito da adalci. An tsara ra'ayoyinsa a cikin rubutun B.A. akan dokokin ɗabi'a.

### Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party
Jam'iyyar Democrat ta Azerbaijan ta kasance jam'iyyar siyasa mai goyon bayan Soviet, mai rabuwa, da kuma Pan-Turkist wanda Jafar Pishevari ya kafa a Tabriz, Iran, a watan Satumbar 1945. 

### United Front of Progressive Parties
Daga 1946 zuwa 1948, United Front of Progressive Parties wata kungiya ce ta siyasa ta jam'iyyun hagu a Iran. Jam'iyyar Tudeh ta kwaminisanci da Jam'iyyar Iran ta gurguzu ne suka kafa ta, wadanda suka gayyaci wasu jam'iyyun su shiga cikin gwagwarmayar da ake yi wa "Ci gaban zamantakewa da 'yancin kai na kasa".   Ɗaya daga cikin manyan allunan United Front shine ya amince da Majalisar Tsakiya ta Kwadago ta United a matsayin ƙungiya ta halal ta ma'aikata a Iran.

### Jam'iyyar Unity ta Iran
Jam'iyyar Unity Party ta Iran jam'iyyar siyasa ce ta gurguzu da aka kafa bayan ta rabu da Jam'iyyar Iran biyo bayan kawancen ta da Jam'idar Tudeh ta Iran a shekara ta 1946.  A cewar Leonard Binder, jam'iyyar ta kasance cikin hadin gwiwa tare da Jam'iyyar National Union da Jam'idar Socialist a majalisa ta 14. 

### Jam'iyyar Toilers ta Al'ummar Iran
An kafa shi a ranar 16 ga Mayu 1951 da Mozzafar Baghai,   Jam'iyyar Toilers Party of the Iran Jam'iyyar siyasa ce ta zamantakewar dimokuradiyya,  da farko memba ne na National Front . Jam'iyyar ta yi alkawarin tallafawa masana'antar mai ta Iran kuma ta yi adawa da Jam'iyyar Tudeh .  Ya samu nasarar jawo hankalin mabiya da yawa tsakanin matasa masu ilimi, musamman a Jami'ar Tehran, masu gwagwarmayar Sojoji na Uku, da masu sayar da kayayyaki daga Kerman's *bazzar*. Jam'iyyar ta kuma hada da cibiyar *čāqukeš* da *čumāqdār* .  

A cikin Zaben majalisa na 1952, jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru biyu, wanda Mozzafar Baghai">Baghai da Zohari suka rike. Jam'iyyar ta rabu a 1952 game da dangantakarta da gwamnatin Mosaddegh. A karkashin jagorancin Mozzafar Baghai, Jam'iyyar Toilers ta bar National Front kuma ta yi adawa da gwamnati a bayyane. A halin yanzu, Khalil Maleki ya sake kafa rundunar ta uku a karkashin sunan Toilers Party of the Iran Nation - Third Force kuma ya ci gaba da tallafawa gwamnati.

Jam'iyyar Toilers ta kafa kawance tare da Society of Mujahed Muslims, karkashin jagorancin Ayatollah Kashani, tare da hada albarkatun su da daidaita ayyukan da suka shafi gwamnati. Jam'iyyar ta shiga cikin juyin mulkin 1953 tana kiranta "hawan kasa," amma ta yi adawa da gwamnatin soja ta Fazlollah Zahedi bayan juyin mulkin. Bayan adawarsu, an dakatar da jaridansu, kuma gwamnati ta kwace ofishin jam'iyyarsu. Jam'iyyar ta shiga cikin hutu har zuwa Zaben majalisar dokokin Iran na 1960. Ya ci gaba da aiki a 1961 kuma ya nuna goyon baya ga Ayatollah Khomeini a lokacin zanga-zangar 5 ga Yuni 1963.

A shekara ta 1971, an sake tsara jam'iyyar tare da izinin gwamnati, amma an tilasta masa dakatar da ayyukanta a shekara ta 1975 biyo bayan sanarwar jam'iyya daya a karkashin Jam'iyyar Resurgence. A shekara ta 1977, Baghai ya yi ƙoƙari ya farfado da jam'iyyar, yana bayyana aminci ga Daular Pahlavi, kodayake a matakin da aka ƙuntata. Ba da daɗewa ba aka rushe jam'iyyar bayan Juyin Juya Halin Iran na 1979. 

### Kungiyar 'yan gurguzu ta Iran
A cikin 1960, ƙungiyar Socialists of the National Movement of Iran, wanda aka fi sani da Society of Iranian Socialists, ta kafa ta masu gwagwarmaya na Uku da Khalil Maleki ke jagoranta, tare da wasu masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na kasa, mafi yawansu suna da ra'ayi game da dimokuradiyya, da wasu mambobi masu ra'ayin gurguzu na Islama. Hossein Malek, Ahmad Sayyed Javadi, da Jalal Al-e-Ahmad suna daga cikin manyan mutane da ke da alaƙa da kungiyar. Jam'iyyar, wacce ke da akidar gurguzu da ta kasa, ta shiga kungiyar Socialist International a hukumance a lokacin da aka kafa ta.

Kungiyar ta kasance memba ne na kafa National Front (II)  kuma an dauke ta "mafi girman hagu" a cikin gaba.  Bayan Juyin Juya Halin Iran, ta rabu da National Front kuma ta shiga National Democratic Front .  A cikin Zaben shugaban Iran na 1980, kungiyar ta goyi bayan dan takarar Mujahedin na Iran Massoud Rajavi . 

### Kungiyar 'yan tawaye na Fedai na Iran
An kafa shi a cikin 1963, Kungiyar Fedai Guerrillas ta Jama'ar Iran (OIPFG) kungiya ce ta 'Yan tawaye ta Marxist-Leninist wacce ta bi ajanda mai adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ta rungumi *farfaganda mai dauke da makamai* don tabbatar da gwagwarmayar juyin juya hali da ta yi da Tsarin mulkin mallaka na Iran. Kungiyar ta bi son abin duniya  kuma ta ki amincewa da sake fasalin, ta samo wahayi daga tunanin Mao Zedong, Che Guevara, da Régis Debray.  Bijan Jazani, wanda aka fi sani da "mahaifin ilimi" na kungiyar, ya ba da gudummawa ga akidar ta ta hanyar rubuta jerin takardu masu tasiri ciki har da Yaki da Kan Kan Kan Shah, Menene Mai Juyin Juya Halin Dole ne ya sani, da kuma Yadda Za a canza Yaki da Makamai zuwa Yaki da Jama'a?. Wadannan Littattafai sun biyo bayan Masoud Ahmadzadeh's Armed Struggle: Both a Strategy and a Tactic da Amir Parviz Pouyan's The Necessity of Armed Strugggle and the Rejection of the Theory of Survival . 

Fedai Guerrillas sun soki National Front da Liberation Movement, suna bayyana su a matsayin "ƙananan ƙungiyoyin takarda har yanzu suna wa'azi da begen ƙarya na canjin zaman lafiya". Da farko, kungiyar ta kuma soki Tarayyar Soviet da Jam'iyyar Tudeh, amma daga baya ta watsar da wannan matsayi saboda hadin kai tare da sansanin gurguzu.

A watan Yunin 1973, kungiyar ta haɗu da Jam'iyyar People's Democratic Front .  Koyaya, bambance-bambance na akida sun kasance tsakanin kungiyoyin biyu, yayin da Jam'iyyar People's Democratic Front ta yi tsayayya da Leninism, tana ganin shi a matsayin karkatarwa daga Marxism.

### Kungiyar 'yan juyin juya halin kwaminisanci (Marxist-Leninist)
An kafa shi a shekarar 1969, an kafa Kungiyar 'yan juyin juya halin kwaminisanci (Marxist-Leninist)  ne don adawa da mulkin Shah a Iran kuma yana aiki a cikin ƙungiyar ɗaliban Iran a gudun hijira. Kungiyar ta bi ka'idar Marxism-Leninist da Maoist kuma daga baya ta haɗu da Union of Iran Communists (Sarbedaran). 

### Kungiyar Kwaminisanci ta Iran (Sarbedaran)
**Kungiyar Kwaminisanci ta [[Iran]],** (Sarbedaran), wanda wasu suka fassara shi ba bisa ka'ida ba a matsayin Kungiyar Kwallon Kwaminisancin Iran, kungiya ce ta Maoist a Iran . An kafa UIC (S) a cikin 1976 bayan hadin gwiwar kungiyoyin Maoist da yawa da ke gudanar da ayyukan soja a cikin Iran. Kungiyar ta fara shirya don tayar da kayar baya a 1981, amma an rushe ta a shekarar 1982. 

### Peykar
An kafa shi a shekara ta 1975, Ƙungiyar Gwagwarmaya don 'Yanci na Ma'aikata, ko Peykar, wanda aka fi sani da Marxist Mojahedin, ƙungiya ce ta Marxist daga Mujahedin na Jama'ar Iran (PMoI). Mambobin ta sun rabu da PMoI don tallafawa Marxism-Leninism na duniya, maimakon zamani na Islama na Hagu na Mujahedin na Jama'a. Shugabannin kungiyar sun hada da Alireza Sepasi-Ashtiani  da Hossein Rouhani.  A farkon shekarun 1980s, Peykar ba a sake la'akari da shi ba  kuma daga baya aka hana shi ta hanyar ɗaurewa da kisa. 

### Yunkurin Musulmai Masu Gwagwarmaya
An kafa shi a shekara ta 1977, Movement of Militant Muslims kungiya ce ta siyasa ta Musulunci ta Iran karkashin jagorancin Habibollah Payman .  Kungiyar ta kasance mai juyin juya hali  kuma tana da alaƙa da Majalisar 'yan gwagwarmayar addini ta Iran.  Akidar jam'iyyar ta haɗu da gurguzu na Islama,  dimokuradiyya ta zamantakewa,  da adawa da mulkin mallaka.

### Kungiyar 'yan gwagwarmayar Kwaminisanci
An kafa shi a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1978, Union of Communist Militants (EMK) kungiya ce ta Maoist ta Iran da Mansoor Hekmat ya kafa. Kungiyar ta shiga cikin Juyin Juya Halin Iran na 1979, wanda aka yi alama da kirkirar majalisun ma'aikata (*shoras*). Saboda karuwar zalunci a Iran, kungiyar ta nemi mafaka a Kurdistan a 1981. A Kurdistan, kungiyar ta haɗu da ƙungiyar Maoist ta Kurdish, Komalah . Tare, sun kafa Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Iran (CPI) a watan Satumbar 1983. 

## Kungiyoyin Socialist na Iran bayan 1979

### Ƙungiyar 'yan tawaye ta Fedai ta Iran (1985)
Kungiyar Fadaian ta Jama'ar Iran (Majority) jam'iyyar siyasa ce ta adawa ta hagu a gudun hijira. OIPFM tana ba da shawara ga jamhuriyar Iran mai zaman kanta da kuma hambarar da gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran ta yanzu. Wani reshe ne na Kungiyar 'yan tawayen Fedai na Iran, an dauke shi babbar kungiyar Kwaminisanci a Iran daga 1980 zuwa 1991. 

### Kungiyar 'yan tawayen Fedai na Iran - Mabiyan Tsarin Mulki
An kafa shi a cikin Afrilu 1979, Fedai Guerrillas na Jama'ar Iran (IFPG), wanda aka fi sani da ƙungiyar Dehghani bayan shugabansu Ashraf Dehghani, kungiya ce ta kwaminisanci ta Iran wacce ta rabu da Ƙungiyar Fedai Guerrlas ta Jama'ar Iranian (OIPFG) a cikin 1979, ta watsar da kalmar "ƙungiya" daga sunanta. Dehghani ya rabu da OIPFG bayan ya zarge shi da karkatar da dabarun Yaƙin 'yan tawaye. Tun daga farkon kwanakin Juyin Juya Halin Iran, kungiyar ta yi iƙirarin cewa ita ce "kungiyar kwaminisanci ta gaskiya" kuma ta yi adawa da Jamhuriyar Musulunci. An ruwaito cewa, kusan kashi 30% na mambobin OIPFG sun shiga kungiyar kuma sun yi yaƙi a cikin tawaye na Kurdawa na 1979 a kan sojojin gwamnati, suna tallafawa Jam'iyyar Democrat ta Kurdistan ta Iran.  Wadanda suka tsira daga cikin kungiyar da ƙungiyoyinta sun koma Turai a cikin shekarun 1990.

### Ƙungiyar Masu Yaki da 'Yancin Ma'aikata
An kafa shi a shekara ta 1979, kungiyar 'yanci masu aiki, ko kuma Razmandegan, jam'iyyar kwaminisanci ce a Iran wacce ke adawa da layin Soviet da koyarwar 'yan tawaye.

### Ƙungiyar Fedaian (Ƙananan)
An kafa shi a cikin 1980, Ƙungiyar Fedaian (Ma'aikatar) ƙungiya ce ta Marxist-Leninist ta Iran kuma reshe ne na Ƙungiyar Feday Guerrillas na Jama'ar Iran .  Ya rabu da mafi rinjaye a kan wata takaddama, yana bin manufofin 'yan tawaye na asali na kungiyar, yana adawa da Jam'iyyar Tudeh, kuma yana dagewa kan kalubalantar Jamhuriyar Musulunci. A watan Janairun 1982, "Kungiyar Jama'ar Iran ta Fedaian-Majority Left Wing," ta shiga, karkashin jagorancin Moṣṭafā Madani, reshe na Kungiyar Jama'a ta Iran Fedaian (Major) wanda ya rabu da ƙarshen a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1980. 

### 'Yan tawayen Fedai na mutanen Iran
The Organization of Iran's Fedai Guerrillas (1985) kungiya ce ta kwaminisanci ta Iran. An kafa shi a shekarar 1985 a matsayin rabuwa daga kungiyar 'yan Iran's Fedai Guerrillas (Minority). A halin yanzu an haramta kungiyar a Iran.

### Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Iran
Jam'iyyar kwaminisanci ta Iran (CPI) jam'iyyar kwaminisanci ce ta Iran da aka kafa a ranar 2 ga Satumba 1983. Tana da reshe mai dauke da makamai, kuma membobinta galibi Kurdawa ne. CPI tana aiki a duk yankunan masana'antu na Iran.

### Ƙungiyar Jama'ar Iran (Mafi Girma)
The Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas – Followers of the Identity Platform is an Iranian communist group based in exile. It was formed in 1983 as a split from the Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (Minority).

## Manazarta