Sinima a Botswana

Tarihin **Sinima na Botswana** (ko **sinima a Botswana** ) ya ƙunshi yin fim a ƙasar Botswana dake Kudancin Afirka, kafin da bayan samun ƴancin ƙasar Botswana. Fim ɗin Botswana yana kuma ɗaya daga cikin manyan gidajen sinima na Afirka wanda ya haɗa da gidajen sinima na ƙasa na Benin, Masar, Kenya, Najeriya da Afirka ta Kudu, da sauransu.

Wasu sun yi wa lakabin masana'antar fim ta Botswana "Botswood",  kwatankwacin yadda ake kiran masana'antar fina-finan Indiya "Bollywood ", ta Najeriya " Nollywood ", da kuma ta Amurka " Hollywood ".

## Tarihin farko
Dangane da masanin tarihi Neil Parsons, farkon sanannen kwafin fim ɗin da aka rubuta a Botswana ya kasance tsakanin shekarar 1906 zuwa 1907.  A cewarsa, wani kamfani na London, Ingila mallakar wani mutum mai suna Charlie Urban ya aiko da masu daukar hoto don yin rikodin shirin bidiyo game da balaguron jirgin ƙasa na Bechuanaland zuwa Victoria Falls, tafiya jirgin ƙasa wanda ya ratsa ƙasar Botswana ta yau. Daga nan sai masanin tarihin dan Adam Rudolf Pöch daga Ostiriya ya zo ya yi jerin gajerun fina-finai a cikin ƙasar Afirka, waɗanda suka haɗa sauti da launi kuma ya ƙunshi wani mutum mai shekaru sittin, Kubi . Parsons sun ɗauki Kubi a matsayin "tauraron fim na Botswana na farko". 

A cikin shekarar 1912, wani ɗan London wanda kuma aka fi sani da W. Butcher ya sami izinin tafiya zuwa Botswana ta Gabas don yin fim da jerin gwanon Bangwato ; wannan ya faru a birnin Serowe.  Daga lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Farko har zuwa Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, shirye -shiryen fina -finan Botswana sun mamaye finafinan game da mutanen yankin Botswana ta yamma da labarai game da abubuwan da ke faruwa a gabas.

An ba da rahoton cewa, Mai shirya fim na farko daga Botswana wani mutum ne mai suna Molefi Pilane,  wani ɗan gida, sarkin ƙabilanci wanda ake zargin ya yi rikodin mata suna wanka ta hanyar amfani da ƙaramin kyamarar rikodi. Wata mata da aka sani da "Miss Muichison" ta yi rikodin fina -finan da suka kai kimanin sa'o'i biyu, inda ta yi bayani dalla -dalla game da ayyukan ƙungiyar majagaba ta agaji ta Afirka ; An san sassan biyu suna rayuwa kuma kashi na uku ana zargin akwai shi a wani wuri a Botswana. 

Fim ɗin mai suna Bechuanaland Protectorate an yi shi ne a lokacin yaƙin duniya na biyu kuma yana da nasaba da sojojin APC da suka dawo gida daga Arewacin Afirka bayan sun yi nasarar dawowa Botswana. Fim ɗin ya ƙunshi sarkin ƙabilar Bathoen II .

Bill Lewis mai shirya fina-finai na Cape Town ya zo yankin Botswana a 1947 don yin fim na ziyarar sarauta a gona inda sojojin APC suka kasance.  Ba'amurke Tom Larson kuma ya zo a ƙarshen Shekarun 1940; ya yi fim na wasu shirye -shirye guda biyu, daya mai taken "Masu Rainmakers na Okavango " wanda aka saki a 1948. 

## 1950 zuwa 1960
Ɗan siyasa na gari, Shugaban farko na Botswana Seretse Khama, Baƙar fata, ya auri Ruth Williams, Farin mace daga Ingila, a cikin 1948, yana mai da hankalin Botswana ga ƙasashen duniya saboda dokokin yankin na wariyar launin fata; wannan ya sa kamfanonin shirya fina -finai da yawa suka samar da movietone reels game da ma'auratan. Kamfanonin da suka yi fim ɗin waɗannan abubuwan sun haɗa da Paramount Pictures da Labaran Duniya .  An ci gaba da samar da fina -finai game da ma'auratan da kyau bayan sun bar Botswana don yin hijira.

1953 ya ga samar da " Remmants of a Mace Race ", wanda mazaunin Molepolole Louis Knobel ya samar, wani Bature ne wanda ke aiki da Sabis ɗin Bayanai na Afirka ta Kudu . Wannan fim ɗin yayi cikakken bayanin rayuwar mutanen San dake zaune a hamadar Kalahari, wanda ya haɗa da ɓangaren Botswana. An samar da shi a ƙarƙashin sunan kamfanin "Kalahari Films" kuma ya ɗauki tsawon mintuna 17. 

" Mafarauta ", fim ɗin 1957 na Amurka John Marshall shima ya shafi mutanen da ke zaune a Kalahari, kamar yadda shirin BBC, " The Lost World of the Kalahari ", ya nuna Laurens van der Post .

Nunin Amurka " Mutual of Omaha's Wild Kingdom " shima ya zo yin fim a kusa da Botswana sau da yawa a cikin shekarun 1960. 

Botswana ta sami ƴencin kanta a 1966,  kawo sauye -sauyen siyasa, zamantakewa da al'adu a yankin, gami da yadda aka shirya fina -finai da bunƙasa a sabuwar ƙasar Afirka ta lokacin.

## Tarihin kwanan nan
A cikin 1980, John Marshall ya yi fim ɗin wani daga cikin shirye- shiryensa masu alaƙa da Botswana, "Nǃai, Labarin ǃKung Woman ", game da gwagwarmayar wani ! Matar Kung, N! Ai, wacce aka yi mata auren dole da shekara takwas ga mai maganin warkar da ƙabilanci.

Wasan barkwanci na 1981, " Dole ne Alloli Su Yi Hauka " a Botswana kuma ya zama babban abin bugawa na duniya; ya shafi wani jami'i guda uku da jerin abubuwan da ba na hukuma ba: 1988's " The Gods Must Be Crazy II " shi ma ya shahara, duka fina -finan da suka sa ɗan wasan Namibia Nǃxau ǂToma ya zama sanannen tauraron fim, yayin da " Crazy Safari " na 1991 shine farkon jerin abubuwan da ba na hukuma ba. wani kamfanin fina -finai na Hong Kong mai suna Orange Sky Golden Harvest, wanda kuma ya fito da Nǃxau ǂToma. Sauran biyun, "Mahaukaci a Hong Kong" (1993) da "Dole ne Alloli Su Kasance Masu Ban dariya A China" (1995) ba a yin fim a ƙasar Botswana.

An yi fim ɗin Disney na 2000 " Whispers: An Elephant's Tale " a Botswana, tare da tauraruwar tauraruwar Hollywood Angela Bassett. Daga baya, a lokacin 2009, an yi rikodin sassan fim ɗin Indiya na yaren Tamil na Saravanan , "Ayan " a Botswana.

Wanda aka yaba sosai " A Birtaniya ", game da labarin soyayya ta gaskiya ta Seretse Khama da Ruth Williams, an yi fim ɗin wani ɓangare tsakanin Botswana da London, Ingila kuma an sake shi a duniya a cikin 2016.

## Kamfanonin sinima
Botswana tana da kamfanonin fina -finai da fina -finai da yawa, ciki har da New Capitol Cinemas  da Gaborone Cine Center . 

## Manazarta