Nwafor Orizu

Yarima **Abyssinia Akweke Nwafor Orizu** (17 ga Yulin 1914 - 1999). Ɗan Nijeriya ne dan asalin ƙabilar Igbo. Shugaban Majalisar Dattawa daga 16 Nuwamba 1960 zuwa 15 Janairu 1966, a lokacin da Nijeriya farko Jamhuriyar. Orizu shi ma muƙaddashin Shugaban Najeriya ne daga karshen 1965 har zuwa juyin mulkin soja na Janairu 1966. Ya kasance dan gidan sarautar Nnewi. Yayan sa Igwe Kenneth Onyeneke Orizu III shine Igwe na yanzu (Sarki) na Masarautar Nnewi. Nwafor Orizu Kwalejin Ilimi a Nsugbe, Jihar Anambra, an sa masa suna.  

## Bayan Fage
An haifi Orizu a cikin 1914 a gidan masarauta na Nnewi, Jihar Anambra, a kudu maso gabashin Najeriya, ɗan Eze Ugbonyamba, Igwe Orizu I. Orizu ya tafi Amurka a 1939, ya sami digiri a gwamnati a Jami'ar Jihar Ohio da MA digiri a Jami'ar Columbia .  Ya kasance mai ba da shawara game da "kwance", shimfidar tsarin ilimin Amurka, sabanin kunkuntar "tsarin" Biritaniya, kuma ya sami laƙabin "Orizontal", wasa a kan sunansa da ambaton tattaunawar da yake yi game da taken. . Kamar yadda aka tattauna a cikin littafinsa na 1944, *Ba tare da Haushi ba*, ya kasance mai kishin gabatar da tsarin Amurka ga Najeriya. Ya kafa Americanungiyar Amurka ta Ilimin Afirka (ACAE), wacce ta sami ƙididdigar karatun ɗumbin yawa daga asalin Amurka don amfanin ɗaliban Afirka. 

Wajen 1949, Orizu ya sayi makarantar sakandare ta Enitona da gidan buga takardu na Enitona daga mai tallafawa akan for 500 kawai, wanda ya ara. Wani magoyin bayan ya sayar masa da motar alfarma akan shirin biyan kudi. Ya kafa jaridar da aka fi sani da *The West Africa Examiner* kuma ya zama manajan darakta, yayin da MCK Ajuluchukwu ya kasance edita. Orizu ya je Enugu ne domin jajantawa masu hakar ma’adinan bayan harbin masu hakar ma’adinai 21 a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba 1949. Mai yiyuwa ne a cikin martani ga wata magana mai zafi da ya yi a wurin, hukumomin mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya sun yanke masa hukuncin shekaru bakwai a kurkuku kan zargin karkatar da kudaden kungiyar ACAE. Amma daga baya Roy Wilkins, shugaban ACAE a Amurka, ya rubuta wasika zuwa ga Nnamdi Azikiwe ("Zik") yana wanke Dr Nwafor Orizu daga duk wata rashin kuɗi. 

## Hukuncin gidan yari
A watan Satumbar 1953, wani alkalin kotun majistare a Najeriya ya yanke wa Orizu hukunci kan tuhume-tuhume bakwai na zamba da satar kuɗaɗen da aka yi niyyarsu don karatun ɗaliban a jami'o'in Amurka.  Daga baya aka yanke masa hukuncin shekaru bakwai a kurkuku.

## Harkar siyasa
Orizu ya yi nasarar cin zabe a matsayin ɗan takara mai zaman kansa don wakiltar Onitsha Division, kuma ya zama babban bulala a Majalisar Dokokin Gabas. Daga baya ya shiga tare da sauran ƴan takara masu zaman kansu don kafa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC). Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen taimaka wa Zik zama firaminista na Yankin Gabas, ta yin amfani da tasirinsa a cikin NCNC don shawo kan Farfesa Eyo Ita ya yi murabus a matsayin Firayim Minista na Yankin. Zik ya nada Orizu karamin Minista. 

Lokacin da Najeriya ta sami 'yanci a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1960, Orizu ya zama Shugaban Majalisar Dattawan Najeriya. 

## Juyin mulkin soja
Shugaban Najeriya, Nnamdi Azikiwe ya bar ƙasar a ƙarshen 1965 da farko zuwa Turai, sannan a kan jirgin ruwa zuwa Caribbean. A karkashin dokar, Orizu ya zama Shugaban riko a lokacin da baya nan kuma yana da dukkan ƙarfin Shugaban.

Wani rukuni na wasu matasa hafsoshin soja da Manjo Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu ya jagoranta sun kaddamar da juyin mulki a ranar 16 ga Janairun 1966 . Sojojin sun hanzarta dakile tawayen amma sun karbi mulki a lokacin da ya tabbata cewa an kawar da manyan 'yan siyasa, ciki har da Firayim Minista Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, Firimiyan yankin Arewa Sir Ahmadu Bello da Firimiyan Yammacin Cif, Cif Samuel Ladoke Akintola . Orizu ya gabatar da shirye-shirye a duk fadin kasar, bayan ya yiwa Dakta Nnamdi Azikiwe bayani ta wayar tarho kan shawarar da majalisar ministocin ta yanke, inda ya sanar da shawarar da majalisar ta yanke na "son rai" na mika mulki ga sojojin kasar. Daga nan Manjo Janar Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi ya yi nasa tallan, yana karɓar "gayyatar". A ranar 17 ga Janairu, Manjo Janar Ironsi ya kafa Majalisar Koli ta Soja a Legas kuma ya dakatar da tsarin mulki yadda ya kamata. 

## Daga baya aiki
Bayan juyin mulkin, Orizu ya dushe daga fagen siyasa amma ya ci gaba da kasancewa cikin ilimi. Kafin yakin basasa ya kafa makarantar sakandare, makarantar sakandaren Najeriya, a Nnewi. Ya ci gaba da kasancewa mallakinta har sai da gwamnatin jihar ta karbe dukkanin makarantun bayan fatattakar Biafra. Bayan haka ya ci gaba a matsayin malami kuma malami, yana buga littattafai da dama.  Hakanan, tsakanin 1974 zuwa 1975, gwamnatin rusasshiyar jihar Gabas ta Tsakiya, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Dakta Ukpabi Asika, ta nada shi Shugaban Hukumar Kula da Malamai ta Jihar a Enugu.

## Manazarta