Muziki wa dansi

**Muziki wa dansi** (a cikin Swahili : "kiɗan rawa"), ko kuma kawai **dansi**, nau'in kiɗa ne na Tanzaniya, wanda aka samo daga rumba na Congo da rumba na Congo . Wani lokaci ana kiransa **jazz na Swahili** saboda yawancin waƙoƙin dansi suna cikin Swahili, kuma "jazz" kalma ce ta laima da ake amfani da ita a Tsakiya da Gabashin Afirka don nufin soukous, highlife, da sauran waƙoƙin rawa da manyan ƙungiyoyi. Haka kuma ana iya kiran Muziki wa dansi da **rumba na Tanzaniya**, kamar yadda "rumba na Afirka" wani suna ne na soukous. 

Muziki wa dansi ya fara ne a shekarun 1930 a yankin Dar es Salaam (inda yawancin ƙungiyoyin Dansi suka fito), kuma har yanzu yana da farin jini a Tanzaniya, kodayake sabbin tsararraki sun fi son sauraron bongo flava ko wasu nau'ikan waƙoƙin pop . Shahararrun ƙungiyoyin Dansi sun haɗa da DDC Mlimani Park, International Orchestra Safari Sound, Juwata Jazz, Maquis Original, Super Matimila, da Vijana Jazz .  

## Tarihi
A cikin shekarun farko na karni na 20, ƙungiyoyin soukous daga Belgium Congo da French Congo sun fara shahara a Gabashin Afirka . Wannan sha'awar ta kawo ƙungiyoyin rawa, musamman a manyan biranen kamar Nairobi da Dar es Salaam, inda ƙungiyoyin ke yin wasa kai tsaye kwana 7 a mako. Yayin da wasu daga cikin waɗannan ƙungiyoyin suka fito daga Zaire, ƙungiyoyin gida sun fito a Kenya, Tanzania da wasu wurare kuma suka fara haɓaka haɗakar soukous.  A Dar, wasu daga cikin ƙungiyoyin da suka fara "rumba na Tanzanian" sune Dar es Salaam Jazz Band (wanda aka kafa a 1932), Morogoro Jazz da Tabora Jazz . Waɗannan ƙungiyoyin farko galibi manyan ƙungiyoyi ne bisa ga tagulla da ganguna . 

Bayan da Tanzaniya ta sami 'yancin kai (a shekarar 1961), gwamnatin Julius Nyerere ta gabatar da tsarin tallafawa, inda sassan gwamnati ko wasu cibiyoyin ƙasa za su sami tallafin kuɗi daga ƙungiyoyin mawaka. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙungiyoyin dansi na wannan zamanin ita ce Ƙungiyar Jazz ta NUTA, wadda aka sanya wa suna bayan mai tallafa mata, Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Tanzania . A lokaci guda, ƙungiyoyin mawaka a hankali suka zama masu kula da su kamar kamfanonin riba; ƙungiyar ta mallaki kayan kida, kuma mawaka ma'aikata ne, ko dai a kan albashi ko albashi. Ƙungiyar Jazz ta NUTA tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin mawaka na farko da suka rungumi wannan tsarin; ba da daɗewa ba wasu da yawa suka biyo baya, gami da manyan ƙungiyoyi kamar Orchestra Maquis Original, DDC Mlimani Park Orchestra, Tancut Alimasi da Vijana Jazz .  Sakamakon haka, mawaka masu hazaka galibi suna canzawa tsakanin ƙungiyoyi zuwa mafi kyawun mai bayarwa, har sai sun tara isassun kuɗi don fara ƙungiyar su. Mawaka kamar Muhiddin Maalin da Hassani Bitchuka sun rubuta waƙoƙi masu kyau ga kusan dukkan manyan ƙungiyoyin mawaka na zamaninsu. Akasin haka, ƙungiyar mawaka ta fi "alama" fiye da kowace ƙungiya ta musamman ta mawaka; Wasu ƙungiyoyin mawaka sun ci gaba da yin wasa har tsawon shekaru 50, yayin da membobinsu ke zuwa suna tafiya. 

Waƙar Dansi ta bunƙasa a shekarun 1960, 1970 da 1980, inda ƙungiyoyi kamar Orchestra Safari Sound, Orchestra Maquis Original, International Orchestra Safari Sound da DDC Mlimani Park Orchestra ke fafutukar samun tagomashin masu sauraro. A zahiri gasa ta kasance wata manufa mai dacewa wajen haɓaka dansi. Bukukuwan kiɗa galibi suna cikin nau'in gasa, kuma kowace ƙungiya yawanci tana da magoya bayanta, galibi a wurin da ƙungiyoyin wasanni ke taruwa.   Haka kuma, ƙungiyar sau da yawa tana da "makiyinta", wato, babban mai fafatawa da ita; misali, yanayin dansi a shekarun 1970 ya kasance yana da alaƙa da hamayya tsakanin Orchestra Maquis Original da Orchestra Safari Sound, wanda daga baya aka maye gurbinsa da wanda ke tsakanin International Orchestra Safari Sound da Mlimani Park. 

*Mitindo* (a Swahili, "salo") muhimmin abu ne a cikin fafatawar da ke tsakanin ƙungiyoyin dansi. Kowace ƙungiya yawanci tana ƙirƙirar salonta ( *mtindo* ), wanda aka tsara don ya zama mai jan hankali ga masu kallo kuma ya bambanta da ƙungiyar. Mitindo galibi ana danganta shi da, kuma galibi ana sanya masa suna bayan wani salon rawa na musamman; misali, sunan mtindo *ogelea piga mbizi* na Orchestra Maquis yana nufin "nutsewa da iyo", kamar yadda ake tsammanin masu rawa su motsa hannayensu kamar suna nutsewa. Ƙungiyoyi sau da yawa suna canza mtindo ɗinsu lokacin da ya fara fita daga salo. Wasu mawaƙa da mawaƙa an san su musamman a matsayin "masu yin mtindo". 

Mitindo kuma yana da mahimmanci a gano ƙungiyar ba tare da la'akari da wanda ke taka rawa a cikin wannan ƙungiyar ba. Idan mawaƙi ya sauya daga wannan ƙungiyar zuwa wani, zai canza salon sa don ya nuna sabuwar ƙungiyar mtindo. Kuma, mawakan dansi da aka fi yabawa za su iya canza salon su cikin sauƙi idan an buƙata.

Bayan lokaci, kiɗan Dansi ya canza, wanda wani ɓangare ya shafi juyin halittar kiɗan Turai da Amurka . Mawakan a shekarun 1960 da 1970 galibi suna da gitar lantarki da gitar bass ta lantarki; a shekarun 1980 madannai sun zama ruwan dare, kuma daga baya mawakan sun yi amfani da na'urorin haɗa sauti da na'urorin ganguna (kamar yadda lamarin yake da Vijana Jazz ). Sautin mawakan Dansi na baya-bayan nan kamar Gari Kubwa, Tokyo Ngma da Atomic Advantage a zahiri suna dogara ne da madannai. 

## Manyan ƙungiyoyin mawaka

## Duba kuma

* Waƙar Tanzaniya
* Kyaututtukan Kiɗa na Tanzaniya

## Manazarta