Lawrence Anthony

**Lawrence Anthony** (17 ga Satumba 1950 &#x2013; 2 ga Maris 2012) ɗan Afirka ta Kudu ne mai kare muhalli, mai bincike kuma marubuci. Ya daɗe yana kula da kiyaye dabbobi a wurin adana dabbobi na Thula Thula da ke Zululand, Afirka ta Kudu, kuma ya kafa Ƙungiyar Duniya, wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta, mai zaman kanta, mai kula da kiyaye muhalli ta duniya. Ya kasance memba na ƙasashen duniya na Ƙungiyar Masu Bincike ta New York kuma memba na Majalisar Ƙasa ta Ƙungiyar Ci Gaban Kimiyya ta Kudancin Afirka .

Anthony ya shahara wajen aiwatar da shirye-shiryen kiyaye muhalli masu kyau, ciki har da ceto gidan namun daji na Baghdad a lokacin da kawancen kawancen Amurka ya mamaye Iraki a shekarar 2003, da kuma tattaunawa da rundunar 'yan tawaye ta Lord's Resistance Army a Kudancin Sudan, don wayar da kan jama'a game da muhalli da kuma kare nau'ikan halittu da ke fuskantar barazanar bacewa, ciki har da Karkanda na karshe na Arewacin Fari .

Cikakkun bayanai game da ayyukan kiyaye muhallinsa sun bayyana a kafafen yada labarai na yanki da na duniya, ciki har da CNN, CBS, BBC, Al Jazeera da Sky TV, kuma an nuna su a cikin *Reader's Digest*, *Smithsonian*, *Explorers Journal*, *Africa Geographic*, *Men's Journal*, mujallar *Shape*, da mujallar *Elle* .

Anthony ya mutu sakamakon bugun zuciya yana da shekaru 61 kafin bikin cin abincin dare na kare muhalli na watan Maris na 2012 a Durban don wayar da kan jama'a game da matsalar farautar karkanda da kuma ƙaddamar da sabon littafinsa, *The Last Rhinos: My Battle to Ceton One Of the Greatest Halittu a Duniya* .  Bayan mutuwarsa, akwai rahotannin cewa wasu giwayen da ya yi aiki don ceto sun zo gidan iyalansa daidai da yadda giwaye ke yin jimamin mutuwar ɗaya daga cikinsu. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Anthony a Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu. Kakansa, wanda ma'aikacin hakar ma'adinai ne a Berwick-upon-Tweed, Ingila, ya yi ƙaura zuwa yankin a shekarun 1920 don yin aiki a ma'adinan zinare. Mahaifinsa, wanda ke gudanar da kasuwancin inshora, ya fara kafa sabbin ofisoshi a faɗin Kudancin Afirka; An haifi Anthony a yankunan karkara na Rhodesia (wanda yanzu ake kira Zimbabwe), Zambia, da Malawi, kafin ya zauna a Zululand, Afirka ta Kudu. 

Anthony ya fara aikinsa a fannin inshora, kodayake daga baya ya fara aiki a fannin bunkasa gidaje. A halin yanzu, ya fara aiki da mutanen kabilar Zulu, a tsakiyar shekarun 1990, sha'awarsa ga Afirka Bush ta zaburar da shi ya canza sana'a, lokacin da ya sayi wurin adana namun daji na Thula Thula, wanda ya bazu sama da eka 5,000 a KwaZulu-Natal ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mai kare namun daji.  Wata ƙungiyar kare namun daji ta kira shi don ya ceci wasu giwaye tara da suka tsere daga inda aka killace su kuma suka yi barna a Arewacin Mpumalanga,  kuma za a harbe su. Ya yi ƙoƙarin yin magana da uban garken ta hanyar muryarsa da kuma salon jikinsa, daga ƙarshe ya cece su aka kawo su wurin ajiyar, kuma daga baya aka san shi da "mai magana da giwa".  

A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, ya kafa ƙungiyar kiyayewa, Ƙungiyar Duniya a shekarar 2003, kuma ƙoƙarinsa ya haifar da kafa sabbin wuraren adanawa guda biyu, Royal Zulu Biosphere a Zululand da Mayibuye Namun Daji a Kwa Ximba, da nufin samar wa mutanen ƙabilar gida kuɗin shiga ta hanyar yawon buɗe ido na namun daji. 

Anthony ya auri Francoise Malby kuma yana zaune ne a wurin kiwon dabbobi na Thula Thula da ke Zululand. Yana da 'ya'ya maza biyu. Francoise Malby Anthony shi ma ya rubuta labarin aikinsu da giwaye.

Bayan mutuwarsa, wasu giwayen daji da ya taimaka wajen ceto da gyara su suka yi tafiya zuwa gidansa da kansu, suka tsaya a kusa suna jiran tsammani na tsawon kwana biyu, kafin su ɓace. 

A watan Afrilun 2012, Kwalejin Noma, Injiniya da Kimiyya ta Jami'ar KwaZulu-Natal ta ba shi lambar girmamawa ta Dakta a Kimiyya bayan rasuwarsa. 

## Gidan Zoo na Baghdad

Gidan namun daji na Baghdad shine mafi girman gidan namun daji a Gabas ta Tsakiya; duk da haka, bayan kwanaki 8 bayan mamayar 2003, lokacin da Anthony ya isa gidan namun daji bisa wani shiri na ceto na sirri, daga cikin dabbobi 700 na asali a gidan namun daji na Baghdad mutum 35 ne kawai suka tsira sakamakon harin bam a gidan namun daji, sace dabbobin don abinci, da kuma yunwar dabbobin da ke cikin keji ba tare da abinci da ruwa ba.  Anthony bai iya zuwa gidan namun daji ba tun da wuri a lokacin da yakin ya yi tsanani saboda matsalolin tsaro, sufuri da kuma matsalolin gwamnati.  Dabbobin da suka tsira sun fi zama manyan dabbobi, ciki har da beyar, kuraye, zakuna da damisa.  A cikin rudanin yakin, Anthony ya yi amfani da sojojin haya don taimakawa wajen kare gidan namun daji, kuma ya kula da dabbobin tare da taimakon wasu masu kula da gidan namun daji, yana ciyar da masu cin nama ta hanyar siyan jakuna a titunan Baghdad. Sojojin Sojojin Amurka, fararen hula na Iraki da sauran masu sa kai daban-daban ciki har da tsoffin sojojin Republican Guard sun zo don taimakawa. Daga ƙarshe L. Paul Bremer, shugaban Hukumar Kula da Yankin Haɗin Gwiwa ta lokacin, ya goyi bayan gidan namun daji kuma injiniyoyin Amurka sun taimaka wajen sake buɗe shi.  Anthony ya rubuta littafi game da ceto gidan namun daji na Baghdad a lokacin yaƙi,  kuma wani babban kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Hollywood ya sami haƙƙin fim ɗin.

Littafin Anthony na biyu, *The Elephant Whisperer*, wanda Pan Macmillan ya buga, ya ba da labarin abubuwan da suka faru da kuma dangantakarsa da garken giwayen Afirka da aka ceto.

## Littattafai
An fassara littattafan Anthony zuwa harsuna da dama. Surukinsa, Graham Spence, ya rubuta littattafansa guda uku tare. 

Littafin Anthony na farko *mai suna Babylon's Ark*, wanda Thomas Dunne Books ya buga, shine labarin gaskiya game da ceto gidan namun daji na Baghdad a lokacin yaƙi. Babylon's Ark ta lashe zaɓin Editocin Lissafi a cikin rukunin littattafan manya ga matasa, da kuma kyautar adabi ta Faransa ta 28th Prix Littéraire ta 30 millions d'amis, wacce aka fi sani da Goncourt for Animals.

Littafin Anthony na uku, *[[The Last Rhinos]]*, wanda Sidgwick &amp;amp; Jackson suka buga, shine labarin gaskiya game da shigar Anthony wajen ceto sauran karkanda 'yan Arewa masu launin fari a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo .

## Lambobin yabo da karramawa

* Memba a majalisar gudanarwa ta Ƙungiyar Ci Gaban Kimiyya ta Kudancin Afirka . 

## Manazarta