Ambaliyar ruwa ta Arewacin Indiya ta 2023

Ruwan sama mai yawa a Lokacin ruwan sama na 2023 ya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa mai tsanani da rushewar ƙasa a duk faɗin Arewacin Indiya, da farko ya shafi mazauna Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Chandigarh, Uttarakhand, Jammu da Kashmir, Haryana, Rajasthan da Delhi.  

Hawan ruwan sama, tare da rikice-rikicen yamma ya haifar da ruwan sama mafi girma a cikin shekarun da suka gabata a wasu sassan yankin, wanda ya haifar da koguna da ke kusa da su, tare da ambaliyar ruwa da rushewar ƙasa suna wanke motoci, lalata gadoji da hanyoyi, da kuma rushe wutar lantarki.

A watan Yulin, akalla mutane 105 a fadin Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh da Delhi, an kashe su a cikin makonni biyu na ruwan sama da ambaliyar ruwa, tare da dubban wasu da aka kwashe zuwa sansanonin agaji. Ambaliyar ta haifar da rufe makarantu, rushewar zirga-zirga da ayyukan jirgin kasa a sassa daban-daban na Arewacin Indiya.

Wani lokaci na ruwan sama mai tsanani ya ci gaba a watan Agusta, kuma akalla mutane 71 sun mutu a Himachal Pradesh, yayin da wasu 10 suka mutu a Uttarakhand.

## Tarihi
Lokacin ruwan sama na Kudancin Asiya, wanda ke faruwa daga Yuni zuwa Satumba, yawanci yana kawo kusan 80% na ruwan sama na shekara-shekara zuwa yankin.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, Indiya ta ga yanayin yanayi mai tsanani, tare da lokacin damina ya zama mafi rikice-rikice kuma ba abin dogaro ba ne a tsawon lokaci. Wannan lokacin ruwan sama mai yawa ya faru ne a kusa da sawun wani gagarumin zafi wanda kuma ya shafi yawancin arewacin Indiya. Duk da yake dalilai daban-daban suna taimakawa ga ambaliyar ruwa, masana suna nuna Canjin yanayi a matsayin babban direba na karuwar abubuwan da suka faru na ruwan sama mai yawa.

## Yankunan da abin ya shafa
Jihohin Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, da Rajasthan sun sami ruwa mai yawa saboda ruwan sama mai yawa.

### Himachal Pradesh
Jihar Himachal Pradesh ita ce ta fi fama da bala'in, inda a kalla mutane 330 suka mutu, 38 suka bace, sama da 100 kuma suka jikkata yayin ambaliyar ruwa tun daga ranar 1 ga Afrilu.   Sama da hanyoyi 1,000 ne aka toshe a jihar sakamakon rugujewar layukan wutar lantarki da sauran ababen more rayuwa da suka lalace.  ** An kwashe kusan masu yawon bude ido 70,000 daga jihar, kamar yadda Babban Ministan Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu ya ruwaito.  Tawagogin sojojin Indiya ne suka jagoranci ayyukan ceto . Gundumomi da dama sun sami cikakkiyar ruwan sama na tsawon wata guda a cikin kwana guda. A garin Manali, ambaliyar ruwan ta yi awon gaba da tituna, lamarin da ya sa masu yawon bude ido da motocinsu suka makale. 

A karshen mako na mako na biyu na watan Agusta, ƙarin ruwan sama mai yawa ya buge Shimla, ya haifar da rushewar ƙasa kuma ya lalata haikalin, gidaje, da gine-gine, kuma ya kashe akalla mutane 57. An danganta tsananin ruwan sama ga Canjin yanayi. Rushewar ƙasa ta wanke hanyoyi da yawa, gami da Himalayan Expressway, da kuma sassan Kalka-Shimla Railway. Ƙarin ambaliyar ruwa da rushewar ƙasa sun kashe jimlar mutane 71. Babban rushewar ƙasa ya lalata hanyoyi da gine-gine a garin Shimla.

Gabaɗaya, tun lokacin da ruwan sama ya faru a ranar 24 ga Yuni, an ba da rahoton abubuwan da suka faru 170 na girgije ko rushewa kuma gidaje 9,600 sun lalace a Himachal Pradesh. Babban Minista Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu ya bayyana cewa asarar daga ambaliyar ruwa ta 2023 sun kai rupees 10,000, kuma kayan aikin da suka lalace zai dauki shekara guda don gyarawa.

### Punjab
A ranar 9 ga Yuli, 2023, an ba da sanarwar faɗakarwa a gundumomi daban-daban na Punjab saboda ruwan sama da ba kakkautawa.  Akwai tulin tituna masu cike da ruwa kuma motoci da yawa sun nutse cikin ruwa.   Lamarin ya ta'azzara a Patiala da Dera Bassi yayin da filayen suka mamaye.  Hanyoyi da yawa sun shiga, suna kawo cikas ga cunkoson ababen hawa. Ruwan sama bai nuna alamun raguwa ba, domin an shafe kwanaki uku ana tafka ruwan sama kamar da bakin kwarya. A ranar 10 ga Yuli 2023, an ba da umarnin rufe dukkan makarantu, wanda aka sake buɗewa a ranar 17 ga Yuli.   

### Delhi
Babban birnin Delhi ya ga sama da millimeters 153 (6.0 in) ruwan sama a ranar 9 ga Yulin 2023, yana nuna mafi girman ruwan sama a rana ɗaya a watan Yuli  sama da shekaru 40. Hukumomi sun dauki matakai don sake komawa mutane da yawa da ke zaune kusa da bakin kogin Yamuna zuwa wurare masu aminci. Bugu da kari, an shawarci mazauna a wasu yankuna masu saukin kamuwa da cutar da su yi shirye-shiryen da suka dace don yiwuwar kwashewa. Gudun zirga-zirga a fadin gada mai mahimmanci da ke ratsa kogi ya lalace, kuma an rufe makarantu. Ambaliyar ruwa a babban birnin ya haifar da akalla mutuwar mutum daya.

Kogin Yamuna ya karya alamar ruwa mai girma, wanda ya tsaya sama da shekaru 45. Yanayin ya shafi manyan yankuna, gami da titin da ke waje da gidan Cif Minista Arvind Kejriwal da kuma babbar hanya zuwa Connaught Place, sanannen cibiyar kasuwanci. Babban Minista Kejriwal ya bukaci gwamnatin tarayya da ta tsara sakin ruwa daga Hathnikund Barrage a Haryana, wanda ya ba da gudummawa ga kumburawar kogin Yamuna. Ruwan ruwa na kogin Yamuna ya haifar da ruwa da ke kewaye da Red Fort.

An ba da mafaka ga mutane dubu goma sha shida a cikin alfarwan agaji da gwamnatin Delhi ta shirya. Gwamnan jihar ya taru tare da Hukumar Kula da Bala'o'i ta Delhi don tattauna halin da ake ciki na ambaliyar. Kejriwal ya ambaci cewa za a ba da shawara ga ofisoshin masu zaman kansu don ƙarfafa aiki mai nisa. Saboda yanayin ambaliyar ruwa, an rufe masana'antun tsabtace ruwa guda uku a Delhi na ɗan lokaci. A sakamakon haka, an raba ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, an hana motoci masu nauyi, ban da waɗanda ke aiki da ayyuka masu mahimmanci, shiga Delhi.

### Kashmir
Saboda lalacewar babbar hanyar ƙasa, an dakatar da aikin hajji na Amarnath Yatra. A sakamakon haka, dubban mahajjata sun makale a yankunan da ke kusa. Akalla mutane hudu ne aka kashe a jihar.

### Haryana
A karo na farko a tarihi, an sanya Haryana a ƙarƙashin gargadi na ambaliyar ruwa. Manoma suna shirin rasa har zuwa 30% na amfanin shinkafa.

### Uttarakhand
Ruwan sama mai yawa a tsakiyar watan Agusta ya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa wanda ya kashe mutane goma a Uttarakhand, ciki har da yaro da iyayensa. An kashe jimlar mutane 75 a duk fadin jihar tsakanin Afrilu da Agusta.

### Uttar Pradesh
Akalla mutane 12 sun mutu a Uttar Pradesh yayin ambaliyar ruwa a watan Yuli.

## Manazarta