Canjin yanayi a Brunei

Brunei tana mai rauni ga Sakamakon muhalli da yawa wanda Canjin yanayi ya kawo. Babban haɗarin sun haɗa da asarar halittu masu yawa, ƙaruwa da matakan teku, da gurɓataccen iska a cikin birane. Saboda Yanayin ƙasa da ƙananan jama'a na 470,000, Brunei tana fuskantar matsala mai tsanani ta hauhawar matakin teku. Fossil fuels kuma babban tushen makamashi ne a Brunei kuma muhimmiyar fitarwa ce ga al'ummar. Bugu da ƙari, Brunei za ta rasa fiye da kashi biyu bisa uku na ci gabanta a cikin babban samfurin cikin gida (GDP) idan sauran duniya sun sauya daga man fetur, musamman man fetur.

## Rashin fitarwa
Kasar ta ba da gudummawa ga kusan 0.0% na hayakin carbon na duniya. A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata tun daga 2021, hayakin carbon dioxide a cikin kasar ya kasance kusan tan 17,000,000 (ton mai tsawo 17,000,000; gajeren tan 19,000,000). A cikin 2035, an yi hasashen cewa kasar za ta samar da tan miliyan 30 na CO a karkashin halin da ake ciki. Gaskiyar cewa yana da kusan tan 16 na hayaki ga kowane mutum yayin da Malaysia, makwabci, yana da tan 4 kawai, yana da matukar damuwa. Koyaya, Brunei ta sami ci gaba mai mahimmanci wajen kare gandun daji, tare da kashi 44% na yankin ƙasar yanzu ya ƙunshi gandun daji masu kariya, gami da wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa guda biyu da wuraren ajiyar gandun daji 47 da Wuraren kare namun daji.

## Tasirin

### Canjin zafin jiki
Shugaban Sakatariyar Canjin Yanayi ta Brunei (BCCS) ya ba da wata sanarwa daga Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Duniya (WMO) wanda ya bayyana shekarun 2018, 2019, da 2020 sune shekaru uku mafi zafi da aka taɓa rubuta. An jaddada bukatar canjin canji don ci gaba da karuwar zafin jiki na duniya zuwa digiri 1.5 na Celsius, da kuma bukatar duniya ta cimma matsakaicin fitar da hayaki a shekara ta 2050 da kuma raguwar kashi 45% a cikin hayaki na duniya ta 2030. Kodayake ƙasar na iya kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen da ke ba da gudummawa mafi ƙanƙanta ga dumamar yanayi, duk da haka ana shafar ta ta hanyar rushewar ƙasa, ambaliyar ruwa, da gobarar daji.

Matsakaicin zafin jiki yana ƙaruwa a cikin digiri 0.25 na Celsius a kowace Shekaru goma, a cewar Sashen Yanayi na Brunei Darussalam (BDMD). A ranar 28 ga Maris 1983 ya ga Brunei ta 38 digiri Celsius mafi girma da aka rubuta mafi girman zafin jiki. Kasar ta ga gobarar daji da gandun daji da yawa a lokacin abubuwan da suka faru na El-Nino, kamar a cikin shekarun 1997-1998 da 2015-2016, wanda ke haifar da mummunan yanayin hauka.

### Ruwan sama da ambaliyar ruwa
A Brunei, ambaliyar ruwa tana faruwa a Lokacin ruwan sama (Oktoba zuwa Mayu), kodayake guguwa ba matsala ba ce saboda ƙasar ba ta cikin hanyarsu ba. Babu wani bala'in ambaliyar ruwa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Koyaya, ambaliyar ruwa mai iyaka a cikin babban birni ta haifar da ruwan sama mai tsanani. Babban birnin Bandar Seri Begawan ya sami lalacewar ambaliyar ruwa sakamakon ruwan sama a ranar 21 ga Janairun 2009, da 15 ga Janairu 2010. Cibiyar Bayanan Bala'i ta Duniya (EM-DAT) ba ta lissafa waɗannan lalacewar ba. Har yanzu ba a yi mummunar lalacewar ambaliyar ruwa ba, duk da gaskiyar cewa ruwan sama a duk lokacin ruwan sama (Oktoba zuwa Mayu) yawanci yana haifar da ambaliyar. Ambaliyar ruwa ta shafi kayan aikin sufuri, kuma yawancin wuraren zama suna kan Filayen bakin teku inda suke da sauri.

### Hawan matakin teku
Kasar tabbas tana da saukin kamuwa da rushewar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa saboda yawancin gari suna zaune kusa da teku. Akwai yiwuwar cewa matakin ruwa na Brunei zai tashi lokacin da akwai ruwan sama da ruwan sama a lokaci guda. Ambaliyar ruwa za ta haifar da wannan, musamman a yankunan da ke  ƙasar. Dangane da binciken da Sea Level Rise Task Force (SLRTF) ya yi, matakin ruwa a Brunei ya karu da kusan 5-5.5 millimeters (0.20-0.22 in) a kowace shekara. Dangane da wannan, an yi hasashen cewa matakan teku za su tashi da mita 0.44-0.45 (1 ft 5 in - 1 ft 6 in) a shekara ta 2100

## Manazarta