Cibiyar Nazarin Makamashi

**Cibiyar Nazarin Makamashi** (IER) wata kungiya ce mai zaman kanta ta Washington, D.C. wacce ke gudanar da bincike mai zurfi da bincike kan ayyuka, ayyuka, da ka'idojin gwamnati na kasuwannin makamashi na duniya.

Ana bayyana IER sau da yawa azaman rukunin gaba don masana'antar mai. Charles Koch ne ya kafa shi da farko, yana karɓar gudummawa daga manyan kamfanoni da yawa kamar Exxon, kuma yana buga rahotanni da takaddun matsayi da ke adawa da duk wani ƙoƙarin sarrafa iskar gas. An nada Thomas Pyle, shugaban IER da reshenta na Amurka Energy Alliance (AEA), a cikin tawagar mika mulki ta Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka bayan zaben Amurka na 2016.

## Tarihi
IER ita ce ƙungiyar magada ga Cibiyar Nazarin Dan Adam-Texas, tushe da aka kafa a cikin 1984 ta mai ba da ra'ayin gargajiya-liberalism Greg Rehmke na Cibiyar Nazarin Dan Adam a Menlo Park, California, wanda ɗan kasuwan biliyan biliyan kuma mai ba da gudummawar siyasa Charles Koch ya kasance darekta. Bayan kasa biyan harajin ikon amfani da ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na jihar Texas, IHST ta yi asarar kundinta a shekarar 1989, kuma daga baya aka sake masa suna a matsayin Cibiyar Nazarin Makamashi, ko IER, a karkashin shugabancin Robert L. Bradley Jr., tsohon darektan nazarin manufofin jama'a na Enron.

IER ya fara ne ta hanyar rarraba rahotanni kwata zuwa ƙaramin amma girma jerin masu ba da gudummawa a farkon 1990s kuma a ƙarshe ya faɗaɗa ikon bugawa don haɗa da karatun da aka fi sani da jama'a. Ba sai 2001 ba lokacin da Bradley ya sami kuɗi don sanya IER ƙungiya ta cikakken lokaci. A cikin 2007, an ƙaura IER zuwa Washington, D.C. inda ta rikide ta zama cibiyar tunani mai ƙarfi da ke samar da bincike da bincike kan kasuwannin makamashi na duniya.

A cikin 2009, wata kasida a cikin mujallar Mother Jones ta ce IER tana cikin manyan ƙungiyoyin da ke tambayar wanzuwar canjin yanayi da yanayin ɗan adam.

A cikin 2016, Thomas Pyle, shugaban IER da AEA, an nada shi a cikin tawagar mika mulki ta Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka bayan zaben Amurka na 2016. A ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, ya gabatar da wata sanarwa mai taken "Abin da za a jira daga Gwamnatin Trump" wanda aka bayyana a matsayin "jerin buri na masana'antar mai". Ya yi kira da a janye daga yarjejeniyar Paris ta 2015, da soke Tsarin Wutar Lantarki mai Tsabta, buɗe filayen tarayya don cin gajiyar ci gaban kwal da mai, da kuma dawo da ka'idojin tattalin arzikin mai na CAFE.

IER memba ne na kwamitin ba da shawara na Project 2025, tarin shawarwari masu ra'ayin mazan jiya da na dama daga Gidauniyar Heritage don sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya ta Amurka da kuma karfafa ikon zartarwa idan dan takarar Republican ya lashe zaben shugaban kasa na 2024.

## Jagoranci
Shugaban Cibiyar kuma wanda ya kafa, Robert L. Bradley Jr., babban jami'i ne a Cibiyar Nazarin Tattalin Arziki da Makamashi da Sauyin yanayi a Cibiyar Harkokin Tattalin Arziki a London. Ya rubuta littattafai takwas, ciki har da Energy: The Master Resource; An Sake La'akari da Ƙararrawar Yanayi; da Edison zuwa Enron.

## Kudade
IER kungiya ce mai zaman kanta ta 501 (c) (3) kuma ana samun tallafi ta hanyar gudummawar da za a cire haraji daga daidaikun mutane, tushe da kamfanoni. IER ta sami tallafi daga Gidauniyar Brown (wanda ya fara da kamfanin gine-gine da makamashi), Searle Freedom Trust da Claude R. Lambe Charitable Foundation. Hakanan sun riga sun karɓi kuɗi daga ExxonMobil, Cibiyar Man Fetur ta Amurka, Cibiyar Kare Haƙƙin Marasa lafiya, da Makamashi na Peabody. IER ta ce ba ta nemi ko karɓar tallafin kuɗi daga gwamnati ba.

An bayyana IER a matsayin rukuni na gaba don masana'antar burbushin mai, tunda ta karɓi gudummawar kuɗi daga kamfanoni a wannan sashin.

### Kudin hannun jari American Energy Alliance
Cibiyar Nazarin Makamashi tana da hannun siyasa, Ƙungiyar Makamashi ta Amurka (AEA). Bisa ga shafin yanar gizonta, "Manufar AEA ita ce ta shiga da kuma ƙarfafa masu amfani da makamashi don ƙarfafa masu tsara manufofi don tallafawa manufofin kasuwa na kyauta.

A cikin 2009, AEA ta gudanar da tallace-tallacen talabijin da ke adawa da Dokar Tsabtace Makamashi da Tsaro na Amurka, wanda kuma aka sani da Bill Waxman-Markey, wanda ya ba da shawarar shirin cinikin hayaki don rage fitar da hayaki mai zafi don magance sauyin yanayi.

A cikin 2013, AEA ta ba da takardar koke ta kan layi ga Sakataren Harkokin Wajen Amurka John Kerry game da amincewar gwamnatin tarayya ta Amurka na tsawaita bututun Keystone XL. AEA tana goyan bayan amincewar bututun.

Hukumar ta AEA tana adawa da Kirtin Harajin Samar da Iska.

## Duba kuma
Robert P. Murphy

## Manazarta