Mary Barra

Mary Teresa Barra (née Makela; an haife ta ranar 24 ga Disamba, 1961) wata 'yar kasuwa ce Ba'amurkiya wadda ta kasance shugabar kwamitin [1] kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa (CEO) na General Motors tun ranar 15 ga Janairu, 2014.[2] Ita ce mace ta farko da ta zama shugaba (CEO) a cikin manyan kamfanonin masana'antar motoci guda uku 'Big Three'.[3][4][5] A watan Disamba na 2013, GM ta naɗa ta don ta maye gurbin Daniel Akerson a matsayin CEO.[3] Kafin a naɗa ta CEO, Barra ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaba mai kula da ci gaban samfuran duniya, saye, da sarkar samar da kayayyaki.[3][4]

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Barra a Royal Oak, Michigan ga iyayen zuriyar Finnish. Kakanta, Viktor Mäkelä, ya koma Amurka kuma ya auri Maria Luoma, baƙo ɗan Finland daga Teuva. Sun zauna a Mountain Iron, Minnesota, kuma suna da 'ya'ya biyu, ciki har da ɗa mai suna Reino,  mai suna Ray. Mahaifin Barra, Ray, ya auri wata 'yar asalin Finland mai suna Eva Pyykkönen. An haifi Maryamu a shekara ta 1961.

## Ilimi
Barra ta kammala karatu daga Cibiyar General Motors (yanzu Jami'ar Kettering) a shekarar 1985, inda ta sami digiri na farko a fannin Injiniyan lantarki. An shigar da Barra cikin ƙungiyar girmamawa ta injiniya Tau Beta Pi  (MI Zeta class of 1985) da ƙungiyar girmamawa IEEE-Eta Kappa Nu (Theta Epsilon chapter 1983) yayin da yake Jami'ar Kettering. Daga nan sai ta halarci Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Stanford a kan wata kungiya ta GM, ta sami digiri na Master of Business Administration a shekarar 1990.

## Ayyuka

### Janar Motar
Barra ta fara aiki ga General Motors a 1980 a matsayin daliba mai haɗin gwiwa lokacin da take da shekaru 18. Ayyukanta sun kasance bincika bangarorin fender da kuma bincika hotuna, kuma ta yi amfani da wannan aikin don biyan kuɗin karatun koleji. Daga baya ta rike mukamai daban-daban na injiniya da gudanarwa, gami da gudanar da tashar Detroit / Hamtramck Assembly.

Lokacin da Barra ta zama shugabar zartarwa ta General Motors a watan Janairun 2014, ta zama mace ta farko da ta zama shugaban kamfanin kera motoci.

A cikin shekara ta farko a matsayin Shugaba, General Motors ta ba da bayanan tsaro 84 da suka shafi motoci sama da miliyan 30. An kira Barra a gaban Majalisar Dattijai don yin shaida game da tunatarwa da mutuwar da aka danganta da canjin wutar lantarki mara kyau. Barra da General Motors sun kuma zo karkashin zargin biyan kyaututtuka don kyautata Shugaba da kuma hoton kamfanin a wannan lokacin. Tunatarwar ta haifar da kirkirar sabbin manufofi da ke ƙarfafa ma'aikata su bayar da rahoton matsalolin da suka fuskanta a ƙoƙarin canza al'adun kamfanin.

A matsayinsa na Shugaba, Barra ya ba da umarnin GM zuwa cikin motoci marasa direba da wutar lantarki ta hanyar saye ciki har da Strobe, farawa a cikin fasahar Ba tare da direba ba.

A cikin 2017, Barra ita ce mafi yawan albashi na Detroit Three, tare da jimlar albashi na dala miliyan 21.96. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2018, Barra ta ba da sanarwar rufe shuke-shuke biyar na Arewacin Amurka da kuma sallamawa ma'aikata 14,000. Shugaba Donald Trump ya soki shawarar da ta yanke, wanda ya yi barazanar cire tallafin gwamnati na kamfanin a matsayin martani.

Da yake amsa tambayar mai hannun jari a watan Yunin 2022 game da sake dawo da rabon a GM, Barra ya ce kamfanin yana da "mahimmanci" don "hanzarta shirye-shiryenmu na EV" da kuma bayar da EVs kawai a shekara ta 2035.

### Kwamitoci da majalisun
Barra memba ne na kwamitin daraktocin Janar Dynamics. Tana aiki a cikin kwamitin daraktocin kungiyar tattalin arziki ta Detroit da makarantar Detroit Country Day School .   Ita memba ce ta Kwamitin Amintattun Jami'ar Stanford, Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na Kasuwanci na Stanford, da Kwamitin Amincewa na Jami'ar Duke .  

A watan Agustan 2017, an zabe ta a cikin kwamitin Disney. Ita ce mutum na 12 da aka zaba a wannan kwamitin, kuma mace ta huɗu.

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2022 Sakataren Tsaro na Kasa Alejandro Mayorkas ne ya nada ta a Majalisar Ba da Shawara ta Tsaro ta Cikin Gida. 

## Kyaututtuka da girmamawa
An lissafa Barra a matsayin na 35 a jerin mata masu iko na Forbes a cikin 2013, yana tashi a matsayi zuwa na huɗu mafi iko a cikin 2018. 

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2014, ta gabatar da jawabin gabatarwa ga harabar Ann Arbor ta Jami'ar Michigan a Filin wasa na Michigan kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa. A cikin 2018, ta sami digiri na girmamawa daga Jami'ar Duke kuma a cikin 2022 ta gabatar da adireshin farawa na makarantar.

Barra ta kasance ta farko a cikin jerin mata masu iko na Fortune a shekarar 2015, daga na biyu a shekarar da ta gabata.

Ta kasance a matsayi na farko a cikin Fortune's Most Powerful Women of 2017  da kuma Number 5 a cikin Forbes World's 100 Most Powerful Mata List a wannan shekarar. 

A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2014, an nuna Barra a kan murfin Time's "Mutanen 100 Mafi Muhimmanci a Duniya".

A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2016, Barra ya shiga wani taron kasuwanci wanda aka zaba a lokacin shugaban kasar Donald Trump ya tara don samar da shawarwari na dabarun da manufofi kan batutuwan tattalin arziki. Koyaya, ta bar taron a cikin 2017, biyo bayan martani na Trump ga zanga-zangar Charlottesville.

An girmama Barra a 2023 Arthur W. Page Center Awards  inda ta sami lambar yabo ta Larry Foster don Aminci a Sadarwar Jama'a.

An zabi Barra a Kwalejin Injiniya ta Kasa a watan Fabrairun 2018.  A watan Satumbar 2018, an ba Barra lambar yabo ta Yale Chief Executive Leadership Institute's Legend in Leadership Award . 

A cikin binciken shekara-shekara na Institutional Investor na manyan masu gudanarwa, 2019 All-America Executive Team, Barra ta sami matsayi na farko a cikin motoci da sassan mota.

An zaɓi Barra don ƙaddamar da Forbes 50 Sama da 50, wanda ya ƙunshi 'yan kasuwa, shugabannin, masana kimiyya da masu kirkirar da suka wuce shekaru 50. A cikin 2021, an haɗa ta a cikin Time 100, jerin shekara-shekara na Time na mutane 100 mafi tasiri a duniya. 

Forbes ta sanya Barra a matsayin mace ta tara mafi iko a duniya a 2023 kuma ta biyar a 2024 . Har ila yau, a cikin 2023, an shigar da ita cikin Hall of Fame na Automotive . 

A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2024, mujallar Fortune ta kira Barra mace mafi iko a kasuwanci a cikin matsayi na shekara-shekara na manyan mata 100 a kasuwanci.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Barra is married to consultant Tony Barra, whom she met while studying at Kettering University, and has two children and two dogs. They live in Northville, a suburb of Detroit. She also owns an apartment in Downtown Detroit.

Ta ba da sunan Chevrolet Camaro da Pontiac Firebird a matsayin motocin da ta fi so. Barra na iya magana da ɗan Finnish.

## Bayanan da aka ambata

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