Thomas H. Lee (masanin injiniya)

**Thomas H. Lee** ( Chinese    ; 11 ga Mayu, 1923 - 4 ga Fabrairu, 2001) injiniyan lantarki ne ɗan ƙasar Sin kuma marubuci kuma ɗan asalin Amurka. Ya yi aiki a General Electric na tsawon shekaru 30, inda ya ƙirƙiro na'urar katsewa ta injinan lantarki na farko da kuma na'urar gyara silicon a shekarun 1960. A shekarun 1980 ya yi aiki a matsayin Farfesa Philip Sporn na Sarrafa Makamashi a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts kuma ya jagoranci shirin Gudanar da Fasaha ta Makarantar MIT Sloan . An zaɓe shi memba na Kwalejin Injiniya ta Ƙasa a 1975 kuma memba na ƙasashen waje na Kwalejin Injiniya ta China a 2000. Ya kasance Fellow na IEEE kuma ya sami lambar yabo ta IEEE Haraden Pratt a 1983.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Lee a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 1923, a Shanghai, Jamhuriyar China (ROC).  Ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Chiao Tung ta Ƙasa (wanda yanzu Jami'ar Shanghai Jiao Tong ce ) a shekarar 1946 tare da digiri na BS a fannin injiniyan injiniya . Yayin da yake kwaleji, ya lashe lambar zinare ta biyu a gasar cin kofin tebur ta Pan-Asia.  Ya shiga rundunar sojojin Jamhuriyar China sannan daga baya ya shiga Janar Electric a Shanghai. 

Lee ya tafi Amurka don ci gaba da horonsa, kuma lokacin da juyin juya halin Kwaminisanci na China ya kifar da ROC a shekarar 1949, shi da matarsa sun zaɓi su zauna a Amurka. Ya sami digirin digirgir a fannin injiniyan lantarki daga Kwalejin Union (1950) da kuma digirin digirgir na uku daga Cibiyar Fasaha ta Rensselaer (1954).

## Sana'a
Lee ya yi aiki a kamfanin General Electric na tsawon shekaru 30.  A farkon shekarun 1960, ya ƙirƙiro sabon ƙarfe mai ƙarfe da bismuth wanda ya haifar da nasarar haɓaka injinan katsewa na injin, wanda aka ba shi haƙƙin mallaka na Amurka.    A cikin shekarun 1960, ya ƙirƙiro injin gyara silicon na farko wanda tun daga lokacin ya maye gurbin injin gyara mercury-arc wanda ba shi da inganci a cikin watsa wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi .  Ya mallaki haƙƙin mallaka 30 na Amurka. 

Lee ya koyar a matsayin farfesa na biyu a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Rensselaer da kuma malami a Jami'ar Pennsylvania .  A shekarar 1980, ya shiga sashen Fasaha ta Massachusetts bisa gayyatar Gerald L. Wilson, Shugaban Makarantar Injiniya. An nada shi Farfesa Philip Sporn na Sarrafa Makamashi a shekarar 1982. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Daraktan Dakin Gwaji na Tsarin Electromagnetic da Electronic kuma ya jagoranci shirin Gudanar da Fasaha na Makarantar MIT Sloan tare. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Daraktan Cibiyar Nazarin Tsarin Aiwatarwa ta Duniya a Vienna daga 1984. 

Bayan ya yi ritaya daga MIT a shekarar 1988, Lee ya kafa Cibiyar Gudanar da Inganci (CQM), tare da Alex d'Arbeloff da Ray Stata . Ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban CQM daga 1990 zuwa 1998 kuma ya zama shugaban emeritus daga baya. Joel Moses ya yaba wa Lee da taimaka wa masana'antar Amurka ta shawo kan ƙalubalen da masana'antun Japan ke fuskanta. 

A shekarar 1999, Lee ya buga littafin *Integrated Management Systems: A Practical Approach to Transforming Organizations*, wanda ya rubuta tare da Shoji Shiba da Robert Chapman Wood. Ya kuma rubuta *Energy After Math*, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan makamashi ga gwamnatin Finland. 

## Girmamawa da kuma karramawa
An zaɓe Lee a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Injiniya ta Ƙasa a shekarar 1975 saboda "jagoranci wajen fahimtar da kuma ci gaban na'urori masu ƙarfi ta hanyar kimiyyar lissafi da injiniyanci",  kuma memba na ƙasashen waje na Kwalejin Injiniya ta China a shekarar 2000.  Ya kasance ɗan ƙungiyar IEEE  kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta IEEE Haraden Pratt a shekarar 1983 "saboda hidimar da ta yi wa Cibiyar, don haɓaka Kwamitin Makamashi na IEEE, da kuma haɓaka fahimtar jama'a game da batutuwan makamashi". 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Ya auri Kin Ping Lee. Ma'auratan suna zaune a Boston kuma suna da 'ya'ya maza uku: William, Thomas Jr. da Richard, da kuma jikoki takwas. 

Lee ya mutu a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 2001, a Babban Asibitin Massachusetts da ke Boston. Yana da shekaru 77.