open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ladera Heights, California

Ladera Heights wani yanki ne da ba a haɗa shi da wani tsari ba kuma an tsara shi don ƙidayar jama'a a Gundumar Los Angeles, California, Amurka. Yawan jama'ar ya kai 6,634 a ƙidayar jama'a ta 2020. [4] Culver City tana yamma, unguwar Baldwin Hills a arewa, al'ummar View Park-Windsor Hills a gabas, unguwar Westchester a kudu da kudu maso yamma da kuma birnin Inglewood a kudu maso gabas. Tare da matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na gida na $132,824, Ladera Heights tana matsayi na uku a cikin al'ummomin baƙar fata goma mafiya arziki a Amurka.

## Tarihi
gyara

Ladera Heights ta samo asali ne a alamar 1940 tare da dokar "Old Ladera". A kimiyya 1960, an gina gidaje na musamman a "New Ladera". Shahrarrun masu ginin gine-gine sun da Valentine da Gallant. Robert Earl, wanda ya tsara gidaje da yawa na Valentine, ya ci gaba da gina manyan gidaje na gyara daloli a duk faɗin California da kuma wasu hasken. Mayarbtan Fox Hills sun kunna filin wasan golf tare da tuddai masu birgima wadanda suka koma Wooster Avenue. Valentine ya gina Robert Earl ya tsara gidaje a Wooster wanda ke kallon filin wasan golf na Fox Hills.

Dan wasan baseball iya Frank Robinson da sauran 'yan wasan wasanni sun fara ƙaura zuwa Ladera Heights a farkon farkon 1970.[5] Shahararu da yawa sun zauna a Ladera Heights shekaru shekaru, ciki har da Peter Vidmar, Vanessa Williams, Chris Darden, Chris Strait, Lisa Leslie, Olympia Scott, Ken Norton, Arron Afflalo, Tyler, The Creator, Michael Cooper da Byron Scott.[6] An san Ladera Heights a matsayin wurin zama ga 'yan Afirka masu arziki.[7][8]

## yanayin
gyara

A cewar yankeidayar Jama'a ta Amurka, CDP tana da faɗin murabba'in mil 3.0 (kilomita 7.8), duk suna ƙasa.

yawan yankin yana cikin mahaifiyar Los Angeles mara tsari, tare da hoton sashe a unguwar Ladera, Los Angeles, a cikin birnin Los Angeles.[9]

An raba Ladera Heights zuwa sassa uku, yanayin aka sani da "Upper Ladera," "Lower Ladera" da "Old Ladera". Upper Ladera ya haɗa da gidaje a rayuwar Slauson a tsakanin La Cienega Boulevard da Shenandoah Avenue, yayin da Lower Ladera (mafi girma daga cikin biyun) ya kayan gida a cikin Slauson a tsakanin Wooster da La Cienega. Old Ladera yankin yanki ne da ke nasara La Cienega da kuma kudu da Slauson. Paul Ladera, wadda ke Lower Ladera a yamma da La Cienega Boulevard, tana jima da shaguna da wuraren cin abinci da dama na gida.

## Manazarta
Paul-Louis Arslanian

**Paul-Louis Arslanian** ma'aikacin gwamnati ne na Faransa, tsohon shugaban na Ofishin Bincike da Bincike na Tsaron Jiragen Sama na Faransa (1995-2009). Arslanian jami'i ne na ƙungiyar 'Legion of Honour', ya kammala karatunsa a École Polytechnique (aji na 1965) da kuma École Nationale de l'Aviation Civile (aji na 1970).

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Arslanian ya fara aikinsa a matsayin injiniyan jiragen sama na farar hula a Darakta Janar na Jiragen Sama, sai kuma Babban Jami'in Kula da Jiragen Sama da Yanayi (IGACEM). Ya zama shugaban[6] na Ofishin Bincike da Bincike na Tsaron Jiragen Sama na farar hula a 1995. Jean-Paul Troadec ya gaje shi a 2009.

## Littafi Mai Tsarki
National Academy of Air and Space da Lucien Robineau, *Les français du ciel, ƙamus historique*, Le Cherche midi, Yuni 2005, 782 p. (), shafi. 38, Arslanian, Paul-Louis

## Manazarta
Charley Attali

**Charley Shalom Attali** (Ibrananci: צ'רלי שלום אטאלי; wani lokacin ana kuskuren rubuta shi a matsayin Charles Chalom Attali; 1930–2006) injiniyan jiragen sama ne ɗan ƙasar Aljeriya wanda aka haifa a Faransa da Isra'ila.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Attali a Constantine, Algeria ga dangin Yahudawa. Bayan kammala karatun sakandare yana da shekaru 16 bayan ya tsallake wani mataki, an tura shi karatu a École nationale de l'aviation civile a Faransa, inda ya yi fice kuma ya kammala karatun injiniya.

## Farkon aikinsa
Bayan kammala karatunsa a 1952, Attali ya fara aiki a Sud Aviation, kafin daga baya ya yi aiki a SEREB kan ƙirƙirar makamai masu linzami masu linzami. Yayin da yake SEREB, shugaban Faransa Charles de Gaulle ya naɗa Attali don jagorantar aikin Diamant. Saboda nasarar Diamant, an ba Attali lambar yabo ta Legion of Honor a 1965 ta Charles de Gaulle. Bayan aikin Diamant, an naɗa Attali a matsayin mai kula da rawar da Faransa ke takawa a cikin rokar Europa-1.

## Manazarta
Michel Bernard (administrator)

**Michel Bernard** (An haifeshi ranar 1 ga Maris 1943) a Bourges, ya kammala karatunsa a École Polytechnique (promotion 1964) da kuma École nationale de l'aviation civile (promotion 1967), shi ne shugaban hukumar Agence nationale pour l'emploi daga 1995 zuwa 2005.

## Ayyuka
Michel Bernard ya yi aiki a fannin gudanarwa da kamfanonin gwamnati na Faransa.

Ya fara aikinsa a shekarar 1969 a sashen fasaha na kewayawa ta iska (sashen fasaha na kewayawa ta iska) sannan ya zama shugaban cibiyar en route de la navigation aérienne Nord (North en route air navigation center) a shekarar 1978.

An nada shi Darakta Janar na Air France a shekarar 1993.

A wannan lokacin, ya kasance darektan albarkatun ɗan adam a Snecma, darektan Air France kuma Shugaban Air Inter daga Nuwamba 1993 zuwa Maris 1995, lokacin da ya yi murabus, yana sukar "kariya mai kama da baya" wanda aka haɗa da ƙungiyoyin kwadago.

Shi ne shugaban ANPE daga 1995 zuwa 2005 (wanda ya gada shi Michel Bon ne kuma magajinsa Christian Charpy).

Tun daga Oktoba 1995, Michel Bernard shine shugaban kwamitin gudanarwa na Fonds d'aide et de soutien pour l'intégration et la lutte contre les discriminations (Aid aid and support for connection and yãƙi da wariya).

Michel Bernard shine Shugaban ƙungiyar "cultures du coeur" ("hearth culture") wadda ke aiki don yaƙi da wariya ta zamantakewa ta hanyar haɓaka damar shiga al'adu da wasanni.

## Littafi Mai Tsarki
Académie nationale de l'air et de l'espace da Lucien Robineau, Les français du ciel, ƙamus historique, Le Cherche midi, Juin 2005, 782 p. (), shafi. 61, Bernard, Michel

## Manazarta
Alan Chan

**Alan Chan Heng Loon** PJG PPA(E) PPA(P) (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu 1953)[citation needed] tsohon ma'aikacin gwamnati ne na Singapore. Shi ne tsohon babban jami'in gudanarwa na Singapore Press Holdings.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Chan ga iyali masu magana da harsuna biyu. Ya yi karatu a Makarantar Haig Boys, Raffles Institution da Kwalejin Ƙasa ta Matasa. An ba shi tallafin karatu na Shugaban Ƙasa da tallafin karatu na Gwamnatin Faransa, kuma ya kammala karatunsa da digirin Dip Ingenieur daga Ecole Nationale de L'Aviation Civile a 1978. Daga baya ya tafi INSEAD ya sami digirin MBA a 1983.

## Sana'a
Bayan karatu a Faransa, Chan ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin gwamnati a ƙarƙashin ma'aikatun gwamnatin Singapore daban-daban. Chan ya yi aiki a matsayin Daraktan Ma'aikata na Ma'aikatar Tsaro. A 1994 Chan ya yi nasarar neman zama Babban Sakataren Sirri na Babban Minista Lee Kuan Yew (kamar yadda yake a lokacin). Bayan haka, an naɗa Chan a matsayin Mataimakin Sakatare a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje. Da yake ya yi tsauri wajen tilasta wa waɗanda ke ƙarƙashinsa su yi magana da harshen Sinanci yadda ya kamata, ya sanya tarar senti goma ga duk wanda ya yi amfani da kalmomin Turanci a tattaunawarsu ta Sinanci. Ya hau matsayin Sakataren Dindindin na Ma'aikatar Sadarwa da Bayanai da Ma'aikatar Sufuri kafin ya yi ritaya daga aikin gwamnati ya shiga Singapore Press Holdings (SPH). Gabaɗaya, aikinsa na jami'in gwamnati ya ɗauki kimanin shekaru 25. Ya zama Shugaban Rukunin Kamfanin Yaɗa Labarai na SPH da ke Singapore a watan Yulin 2002, a watan Janairun 2003 ne ya zama babban jami'in gudanarwa na kamfanin. Shi ma yana cikin kwamitin gudanarwa.Chan ya yi ritaya daga SPH a ranar 1 ga Satumba, 2017. An naɗa shi Shugaban Hukumar Sufurin Ƙasa a ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 2016. An sanya Chan a cikin jerin "Masu Rafflesians 100 Masu Wahayi" kuma Guan Heng Tan ya bayyana shi a matsayin "Masu Rafflesians 100 da suka ketare iyakoki da yawa" a shekarar 2008. Chan ya ba da gudummawar wani kasida mai taken "My Tryst With Chinese" don littafin Lee Kuan Yew na 2012, Kalubalen Rayuwata: Tafiya Mai Harsuna Biyu na Singapore. INSEAD ta zaɓe shi a 2009 a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin "Tsoffin ɗalibai 50 waɗanda suka canza duniya".

## Rayuwar Kansa
Chan yana da aure da 'ya'ya biyu, namiji da mace. Chan yana da manyan 'yan'uwa uku. Ɗan'uwansa Heng Wing shine Jakadan Thailand, kuma ɗaya daga cikin 'yan'uwansa mata, Heng Chee shine Jakadan Amurka.

## Kyaututtuka da kayan ado

* Lambar yabo ta Sabis, a 2012.
* Lambar Gudanarwa ta Jama'a (Zinare), a 2002.
* Lambar Gudanarwa ta Jama'a (Zinare).

## Manazarta
Olivier Chansou

An haifi **Olivier Chansou** a shekarar 1965, kuma ma'aikacin gwamnati ne na Faransa. Tun daga ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 2017, shi ne darakta-janar na École nationale de l'aviation civile (jami'ar sufurin jiragen sama ta Faransa).

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Ya kammala karatunsa daga ENAC (IÉNAC L85) kuma yana da digiri na biyu a fannin fasahar sadarwa da kuma daidaitawa, ya fara aikinsa a Darakta-Janar na Hukumar Kula da Jiragen Sama a matsayin Shugaban Sashen Kayan Aiki a «STNA» (Sabis na Fasaha na Navigation na Jiragen Sama) a Paris daga 1990 zuwa 1995. Shi ne mataimakin sashen kayan aiki na ainihin lokaci daga 1995 zuwa 1998, sannan mataimakin Shugaban ofishin ma'aikatan fasaha a «DSNA» (Daraktan Ayyukan Navigation na Jiragen Sama) daga 1998 zuwa 2002, kuma a ƙarshe Shugaban Sashen Tsarin da Hanyoyi a Daraktan Ayyukan Navigation na Jiragen Sama daga 2002 zuwa 2006.

Shugaban cibiyar kula da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama ta Bordeaux (2006-2009) kuma ma'aikaci Mataimakin Darakta na DGAC (2009-2012), Olivier Chansou yana kula da sassa huɗu na DSNA Kudu maso Yamma (Bordeaux) daga 2012 zuwa 2017.

A ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 2017, Shugaban Faransa Emmanuel Macron ya naɗa shi, ya maye gurbin Marc Houalla.

## Manazarta
Solenn Colléter

**Solenn Colléter** marubuciya ce 'yar ƙasar Faransa da aka haifa a birnin Paris a shekarar 1974.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Ta kammala karatunta a jami'ar École nationale de l'aviation civile (jami'ar kula da harkokin jiragen sama ta Faransa, ajin 1993), injiniya ce a fannin sararin samaniya a Toulouse kuma tana zaune a wani yanki a sashen Aude. Ita ce marubucin *Je suis morte et je n'ai rien appris* (I Am Dead and I Learned Nothing, Albin Michel), wani littafi game da hazing a cikin karatun jami'a.

## Littafin Littafi
Solenn Colléter, *Lettres de sang sur la côte sauvage* (Wasikun Jini a Tekun Daji), Alain Bargain, 2005, 541 p. ()

Solenn Colléter, *Je suis morte et je n'ai rien appris* (Ni Matattu ne kuma Ban Koyi Komai), Albin Michel, 2007, 359 shafi na ()

## Manazarta
Johan de Liefde

Johan Evertsen de Liefde (kimanin 1619 - 21 ga Agusta 1673) kwamandan sojojin ruwa ne na ƙasar Holland wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin Admiral na Holland da Yammacin Frisia a cikin Admiralty na Rotterdam.Babban ɗan'uwansa, Cornelis de Liefde, shi ma kwamandan sojojin ruwa ne. An kashe Johan a yaƙin Texel.

## Aikin sojan ruwa
An haifi De Liefde a Rotterdam, wataƙila a 1619. A ranar 16 ga Yuni 1644, ya zama kyaftin tare da Admiralty of the Maze da ke Rotterdam.[2] A wannan shekarar ya yi tafiya tare da rundunar sojojin ruwan Holland da ke Bahar Rum suna yaƙi da Barbary corsairs; jirgin ruwansa ya ɗauki corsair. Ba da daɗewa ba, De Liefde ya ɗauki jirgin ruwan Dunkirkers.

**Yaƙin Anglo-Holland na Farko**
A lokacin Yaƙin Anglo-Holland na Farko, De Liefde a shekara ta 1652 ya sake ɗaukar aiki, da farko a matsayin kyaftin na Jonas, jirgin ruwan rundunar gundumar birnin, sannan daga baya a matsayin kwamandan jirgin ruwan admiral Dordrecht. A yaƙin Dungeness, De Liefde ya yi aiki a matsayin ƙaramin kwamandan rundunar soja ta wucin gadi, ko kwamandan, a ƙarƙashin Johan Evertsen, lokacin da Michiel de Ruyter ya maye gurbin Witte de With a lokacin da ƙarshen bai yi ba.

De Liefde, har yanzu yana cikin matsayin kyaftin, shi ma yana wurin agajin Gdańsk a cikin jirgin Hollandia a shekara ta 1656. A ranar 4 ga Nuwamba 1657, yayin da wani ɓangare na rundunar Laftanar Admiral Jacob van Wassenaer Obdam suka toshe Lisbon, De Liefde ya kama wani jirgin ruwan sukari na Portugal da ya dawo daga Brazil, inda ya sami dukiya mai yawa. A shekara ta 1658, ya yi yaƙi a yaƙin Sound da Swedes, a kan Dordrecht.

## Manazarta
Nowa Grobla

Nowa Grobla [ˈnɔva ˈɡrɔbla] ƙauye ne a gundumar gudanarwa ta Gmina Oleszyce, a cikin gundumar Lubaczów, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, a kudu maso gabashin Poland.[1] Tana da nisan kilomita 12 (mil 7) kudu da Oleszyce, kilomita 14 (mil 9) kudu maso yamma da Lubaczów, da kuma kilomita 72 (mil 45) gabas da babban birnin yankin Rzeszów.

## Manazarta
Ƙananan mutane

Mutane ƙanana ƙungiya ce da ta kasu kashi uku: Mujallar lp Online, kayan ado na lp, da kuma Asusun Shari'a na ƙananan mutane.[1] An kafa ƙungiyar ne ta hanyar ƙungiyar mawakan rock Switchfoot. A ƙarshen Oktoba 2007, ƙungiyar ta sanar a shafin asusun YouTube cewa sun ƙirƙiri "rikodin lp" don taimakawa wajen ƙara hangen nesa na ƙananan mutane.

An fara Mujallar lp Online a shekarar 2005.[2] Tana taimakawa wajen jawo hankali ga ayyukan da masu fasaha, marubuta, da mawaƙa suka ƙirƙira, da kuma gabatar da batutuwan zamantakewa a duk duniya. Mujallar tana fitowa a duk shekara. Tufafin ƙananan mutane suna tattara ayyukan masu fasaha. Ana sayar da su azaman riguna, bugu, sitika, da maɓallai. Duk ribar tana zuwa ga Asusun Shari'a na Ƙananan mutane. Tare da haɗin gwiwar Geneva Global, Asusun Shari'a na Ƙananan mutane, wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta, tana amfani da kuɗin da aka samu daga riguna da bugu da aka sayar don taimakawa al'ummomin Duniya ta Uku.

Misali shine haɗin gwiwarsu da Kuyasa Kids, wacce ƙungiya ce ta mawaƙa a Afirka wadda ta ƙunshi yara waɗanda cutar HIV/AIDS ta kashe su marayu. Switchfoot ya taimaka musu wajen ƙirƙirar CD wanda kuma ake sayar da shi ta hanyar mutanen ƙananan haruffa.[4] Kuɗin za su tafi ne don ilimin yara. Jon Foreman ya kuma rubuta "The Shadow Proves the Sunshine" a matsayin martani ga aikinsu da Kuyasa Kids. Ƙananan haruffa sun kuma tattara gudummawa tare da The Salvation Army don waɗanda guguwar Katrina ta shafa.[5] Tim Foreman ya bayyana:

"A matsayinmu na ƙungiyar mawakan rock, ba mu da cikakken tunani game da canza duniya da hannu ɗaya, amma mun san cewa mutane suna sauraron abin da za mu faɗa ... don haka muna son amfani da dandamalin da aka ba mu don yin canji."[4]

"Mu ɗan adam ne: kyakkyawa kuma mun lalace. Muna son mu yi karo. Muna da sha'awa. Muna tunani da ƙarfi. Mu ne ƙananan haruffa. Ku shiga tare da mu kamar yadda muke mafarki."[6] -Chad Butler

## Manazarta
Haruka Aikawa

Haruka Aikawa (相川 春香, Aikawa Haruka; an haife ta a ranar 18 ga Afrilu, 1994) ƙwararriyar 'yar wasan Shogi ce ta mata a Japan wadda take matsayi na 1-dan.

## Tsohuwar rayuwarta, ɗalibar koyon Shogi mai son karatu da kuma horarwa a ƙungiyar motsa jiki
gyara

An haifi Aikawa a Suginami, Tokyo a ranar 18 ga Afrilu, 1994. Ta koyi yadda ake buga Shogi daga mahaifinta lokacin da take da kimanin shekara bakwai.[2]

A watan Agusta na 2007, ta kammala a matsayi na biyu a rukunin 'yan mata na gasar Shogi ta 28 ta All Japan Junior High School Invitational Students [ja] a matsayin ɗalibar makarantar sakandare,[3] kuma Hukumar Ilimi ta Suginami City ta karrama ta sakamakon haka.[4]

A kaka ta 2008, Ailkawa ta shiga ƙungiyar ƙwararrun mata ta ƙwararru a ƙarƙashin jagorancin ƙwararren shogi Terutaka Yasue [ja], amma an mayar da ita ƙungiyar horo ta aji D2 a watan Afrilun 2009 bayan da JSA ta kawo ƙarshen tsarin ƙungiyar ƙwararrun mata ta ƙwararru a ƙarshen Maris 2009.[2] An ɗaukaka Aikawa zuwa ƙungiyar horarwa ta aji C1 a watan Mayun 2011, wanda ya ba ta damar neman a ɗaukaka ta zuwa matsayin 'yar wasan shogi na wucin gadi na mata da kuma matsayin 3-kyū.[5][6] Aikawa ta miƙa buƙatarta ga JSA, wadda ta sanar a watan Agusta cewa za a ba ta matsayi da matsayin ƙwararru na wucin gadi na mata a hukumance a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 2011.[2]

## Manazarta
Fusako Ajiki

Fusako Ajiki (安食 総子, Ajiki Fusako; an haife ta a ranar 2 ga Mayu, 1974) ƙwararriyar 'yar wasan shogi ce ta Japan wadda ta yi ritaya wadda ta kai matsayin ɗan wasa na 2.

## Shagi na ƙwararru na mata
gyara

A ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 2022, ƙungiyar Shogi ta Japan ta sanar da cewa Ajiki ta cika sharuɗɗan yin ritaya ta dole amma har yanzu ba a tantance ranar da za ta fara yin ritaya ba.[2] A ranar 11 ga Yuli, 2022, Ajiki ta sha kashi a hannun Ayaka Ōshima a zagaye na ƙarshe na ɓangaren Aji D na Gasar Hakurei [ja]. JSA ta sanar washegari cewa ritayarta ta zama hukuma bayan wannan rashin nasara.[3]

## Tarihin Talla
gyara

Tarihin Talla na Ajiki kamar haka:[4]

2-kyū: Afrilu 1, 1998

1-kyū: Afrilu 1, 2002

1-dan: Afrilu 1, 2003

Rita: Yuli 11, 2022

2-dan: Afrilu 1, 2023

Lura: Duk matsayi matsayi ne na ƙwararru na mata.

## Manazarta
Chikara Akutsu

Chikara Akutsu (阿久津 主税, Akutsu Chikara; an haife shi a watan Yuni 24, 1982) ƙwararren ɗan wasan shogi ɗan Jafananci ne mai lamba 8-dan.

## Shogi ƙwararre
gyara

Tarihin talla

gyara

Tarihin tallan Akutsu kamar haka:[2]

6-kyū: 1994

1-dan: 1997

4-dan: 1 ga Oktoba, 1999

5-dan: 2 ga Yuli, 2004

6-dan: 3 ga Agusta, 2007

7-dan: 1 ga Afrilu, 2009

8-dan: 13 ga Fabrairu, 2014

Lakabi da sauran zakarun

gyara

Kodayake Akutsu bai fito a babban wasan cin kofin ba, ya lashe kofuna biyu marasa babban kofi a lokacin aikinsa: gasar cin kofin Asahi ta 2 [ja] (2008) da gasar cin kofin Ginga ta 17 (2009).[3]

## Lambobi da girmamawa
gyara

Akutsu ya sami Lambobin yabo na Shogi na shekara-shekara na Japan Shogi Association don "Mafi kyawun Sabon ɗan wasa" a 2004, "Kashi Mafi Kyau na Nasara" a 2006, da kuma kyautar "Mafi yawan Wasannin da aka Lashe a Jere" a 2009.[4]

Kudin kyaututtuka na ƙarshen shekara da matsayin kuɗin wasanni

gyara

Akutsu ya kammala a cikin "Manyan 10" na ƙimar kuɗin kyaututtuka na ƙarshen shekara da ƙimar kuɗin wasanni na JSA [ja] sau ɗaya kawai a lokacin aikinsa. Ya sami jimillar JPY 25,700,000 zuwa matsayi na tara a 2009.[5]

## Manazarta
Jean-Baptiste Djebbari

**Jean-Baptiste Djebbari** (lafazin Faransanci: [ʒɑ̃ batist dʒɛbaʁi]; ko Djebbari-Bonnet; an haife shi a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu 1982) matukin jirgin sama ne na Faransa kuma ɗan siyasa na La République En Marche! (LREM).

An naɗa Djebarri a matsayin Sakataren Sufuri a ranar 3 ga Satumba 2019 a ƙarƙashin Firayim Minista Édouard Philippe. An ɗaga matsayinsa zuwa Minista Delegate a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Ministan Muhalli Barbara Pompili a ranar 6 ga Yuni 2020, lokacin da sabon Firayim Minista Jean Castex da aka naɗa ya gabatar da gwamnatinsa. Daga 2017 zuwa 2019, Djebbari ya kasance memba na Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa, inda ya wakilci mazaba ta 2 ta sashen Haute-Vienne.

## Rayuwa da Ilimi na Farko
An haifi Djebbari a Melun, Seine-et-Marne, ɗan uba ɗan asalin Aljeriya kuma matar gida. Ya kammala karatunsa a fannin horar da jiragen sama na École nationale de l'aviation civile a shekarar 2005, a fannin horar da kwararru kan harkokin sufuri da kuma harkokin sufuri.

## Aikin siyasa
A majalisar dokoki, Djebbari ya yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da kungiyar LREM a kwamitin ci gaba mai dorewa da tsare-tsare na yankuna daga shekarar 2017 zuwa 2019. A wannan matsayin, shi ne mai gabatar da rahoto kan kudirin 2018 kan gyaran SNCF. Daga watan Janairu zuwa Satumba 2019, daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin daya daga cikin masu magana da yawun kungiyarsa ta majalisar dokoki a karkashin jagorancin shugabanta Gilles Le Gendre.

A watan Satumba na shekarar 2019, Djebbari ya shiga gwamnatin Firayim Minista Édouard Philippe kuma aka nada shi Sakataren Harkokin Sufuri a Ma'aikatar Lafiyar Dan Adam, karkashin jagorancin Élisabeth Borne. A farkon wa'adin aikinsa, ya jagoranci kokarin da bai yi nasara ba na ceto kamfanin jirgin saman Faransa Aigle Azur har sai da kotun kasuwanci ta ki amincewa da tayin ceto na kudi. Daga baya ya jagoranci ƙoƙarin gabatar da dokar ƙasa ta 2021 wadda ta haramta jiragen sama na cikin gida waɗanda za a iya maye gurbinsu da tafiyar jirgin ƙasa ta ƙasa da sa'o'i biyu da rabi.

A cikin jam'iyyarsa ta LREM, Djebbari ya kasance mai kula da ba wa shugaban Stanislas Guerini shawara kan kuɗaɗen kamfen kafin zaɓen shugaban ƙasar Faransa na 2022.

## Matsayin siyasa
A watan Yulin 2019, Djebbari ya kaɗa ƙuri'a don amincewa da Faransa na Yarjejeniyar Tattalin Arziki da Ciniki ta Tarayyar Turai (CETA) da Kanada.

Bayan kisan Samuel Paty a shekarar 2020, Djebbari ya ce "ya fi goyon bayan" amfani da fasahar leƙen asiri ta wucin gadi don yaƙi da ta'addanci a hanyoyin sufuri na jama'a idan an mutunta haƙƙin sirrin mutane.[13][14]

## Manazarta
Takashi Abe

Takashi Abe (阿部 隆, Abe Takashi; an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Agusta, 1967) ƙwararren ɗan wasan shogi ne na ƙasar Japan wanda aka sanya shi a matsayi na 9-dan.

## Rayuwar farko da koyon aiki
gyara

An haifi Takashi Abe a yankin Osaka a ranar 25 ga Agusta, 1967. Duk da cewa an ce Abe ya fi sha'awar "yakyū" fiye da shogi a lokacin yana ƙarami,[2] ya shiga makarantar koyon aiki ta ƙungiyar shogi ta Japan a matsayin 6-kyū a ƙarƙashin jagorancin ƙwararren shogi Kaishū Tanaka [ja] a lokacin shekararsa ta biyu a makarantar sakandare a watan Disamba 1981.[2][3] Abe ya ci gaba da sauri ta hanyar makarantar koyon aiki,[2] an ɗaukaka shi zuwa matsayin 1-dan a shekarar 1983 sannan ya sami cikakken matsayin ƙwararru da kuma matsayin 4-dan a watan Yuni 1985, shekaru 3 da watanni 7 kacal bayan ya zama ɗan koyo.[2][3]

## Ƙwararren Shogi
gyara

A shekarar 1986, Abe ya shiga wani wasa na musamman na wasanni uku da Yoshiharu Habu mai suna ""Young Prodigy 3-game Clash" (天才少年激突三番勝負, Tensai Shōnen Gekitotsu Sanban Shōbu), wanda wani aiki ne na musamman da ya haɗa ƙwararren matashi mai hazaka daga Yammacin Japan (Abe mai shekaru 17) da ƙwararren matashi mai hazaka daga Gabashin Japan (Habu mai shekaru 15). Duk da cewa Abe ya sha kashi a wasan, wasansa ya sami yabo mai yawa tare da ƙwararren Hirobumi Serizawa [ja] har ma yana cewa Abe ya fi Habu hazaka.[2]

Kambun Shogi na farko na Abe a matsayin ƙwararre ya zo ne a shekarar 1993 lokacin da ya doke Hiroki Nakata wasanni 3 zuwa 2 don lashe gasar All Nihon Pro ta 12 [ja].[2][4]

Bayyanar Abe kawai a babban wasan cin kofin har zuwa yau ta zo ne a cikin A shekarar 2002 lokacin da ya kalubalanci Habu don lashe gasar Ryūō ta 15. Abe ya ci gaba da fafatawar lashe gasar ta hanyar doke abokin hamayyarsa na All Nihon Pro Nakata na 12 da maki 2 zuwa 1, inda ya lashe gasar share fagen shiga gasar zakarun Turai ta 2. A wasan da suka fafata da Habu, Abe ya sha kashi a wasanni biyu na farko kafin ya lashe wasanni uku na gaba, inda ya jagoranci wasanni 3 da maki 2. Duk da haka, Habu ya ci nasara a wasanni 6 da 7 don kare kambunsa.[5]

A ranar 31 ga Agusta, 2007, Abe ya doke Keita Inoue a wasan Meijin Class B1, inda ya zama kwararre na shogi na 34 da ya lashe wasanni 600 na hukuma.[6]

Abe ya zama kwararre na 22 da ya lashe wasanni 800 na hukuma lokacin da ya doke Yasuaki Murayama a wasan zagaye na 68 na gasar Ōza a ranar 30 ga Janairu, 2020. An ba shi kyautar "Shogi Honor Fighting-spirit Award [ja]" sakamakon haka, kuma ya zama dan wasa na farko da ya lashe kyautar. yayin da har yanzu take matsayi na 8-dan.[7]

## Manazarta
Gérard Feldzer

**Gérard Paul Alain Feldzer** (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu 1944) mai ba da shawara ne kuma mai tallata jiragen sama. Tsohon matukin jirgin sama ne na Faransa, Shugaban Comité régional de tourisme d'Île-de-France (Kwamitin Yanki na Yawon Bude Ido na Île-de-France) tun daga watan Mayu 2010, kuma Mataimakin Shugaban Ports de Paris (Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Paris).

Ya kuma kasance Mai Ba da Shawara kan Yankin Île-de-France don Turai Écologie tun daga Maris 2010 kuma babban abokin Nicolas Hulot ne.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Gérard Feldzer a shekarar 1944 a Aurec-sur-Loire. Ya fara aikinsa a matsayin matukin jirgin sama a Air Algérie (1973–1974) kuma ya koma Aéropostale inda ya yi jiragen dare daga 1974-1976. A Air France, ya kasance matukin jirgi a Sud Aviation Caravelle, Boeing 707 da jiragen 747, Kyaftin (1989–1992) sannan Kyaftin Instructor (1992–2004) a kan Airbus A310, A340 da A330.

A shekarar 1985, ya nemi aikin ɗan sama jannati a CNES kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin goma da suka yi nasara a gasar.

Ya zama Shugaban Aéro-Club de France tsakanin 1995 da 2005. Shekarun ɗari na ƙungiyar sun faru ne a lokacin shugabancinsa, kuma ya shirya babban baje kolin jiragen sama a Paris a Champs-Élysées don murnar bikin.

Tsakanin 2005 da Agusta 2010, Gérard Feldzer shine shugaban Musée de l'Air (Gidan Tarihi na Jiragen Sama da Sararin Samaniya na Faransa) a Le Bourget. Ya yi zane-zane da ƙirƙira da yawa a can, ciki har da "Planet Pilote" ("Planet pilot"), baje kolin sararin samaniya na farko a duniya wanda aka yi niyya ga yara 'yan shekara 6-12.

Ya haɗu da kafa Zebunet (ƙungiyar ba da lamuni ga manoma matalauta a ƙasashen kudu ) a shekara ta 2001 kuma ya kasance Mataimakin Shugabanta tun daga lokacin. Ya kuma kafa shirin "Les ailes de la ville", wanda ke ba da horo da haɗin kai ga matasa mazauna yankunan karkara ta hanyar gyara da gina jiragen sama. A matsayinsa na wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaban ƙungiyar "Sufuri Passion", ya shirya tarurrukansu na shekara-shekara, nune-nunen da abubuwan da suka faru kan tattalin arziki tun 2005.

A ranar 1 ga Janairu 2012, ya zama Jami'in Légion d'honneur.

## Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai

### Radio
Feldzer ya yi wani shiri na rediyo na mako-mako a France Info tun 2009. Shirye-shiryen baya-bayan nan sun haɗa da Circulez! il y a le monde à voir (Matsar! akwai duniya a gani)).[10]

### jerin talabijan
Feldzer ya rubuta kuma ya jagoranci jerin masu zuwa:

* Le Bar de l'escadrille (Faransa 2, 1985)
* Un tikitin zuba l'espace (Faransa 2, 1990)
* Les allumes du sport (Canal+ 1992)

kuma suka rubuta jerin jigilar Transportez-moi a cikin 2011, wanda aka watsa akan LCP TV a cikin 2012.

## Manazarta
Franck Goldnadel

**Franck Goldnadel** (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Agusta 1969) ma'aikacin gwamnati ne na Faransa kuma tsohon darektan filin jirgin saman Paris-Charles de Gaulle.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Ya kammala karatunsa daga École nationale de l'aviation civile (French civil aviation academy, promotion 1990), ya fara aikinsa a shekarar 1993 a sashen sufurin jiragen sama na ENAC inda yake aiki akan shirye-shiryen horarwa na Airbus. Daga 1994 zuwa 1997, ya kasance manajan kasuwanci na Alyzia Airport Services, reshen Aéroports de Paris don ayyukan kula da ƙasa. Ya shiga Aéroports de Paris a 1997 inda ya zama darektan filin jirgin saman Paris-Orly sannan ya zama shugaban Terminal 2 a filin jirgin saman Paris-Charles de Gaulle. A ranar 1 ga Maris 2011 an nada Goldnadel darektan filin jirgin saman Charles de Gaulle. Ya bar mukaminsa a watan Fabrairun 2018, wanda Marc Houlla ya maye gurbinsa.

## Kyauta

* Jami'in Ordre na kasa du Mérite tun daga 14 Nuwamba 2016. An haife shi ranar 24 ga Yuni 2009

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

* Académie nationale de l'air et de l'espace da Lucien Robineau, Les français du ciel, ƙamus historique, Le Cherche midi, Yuni 2005, 782 p. ()

## Manazarta
Lionel Guérin

**Lionel Guérin** (lafazin Faransanci: [ljɔnɛl ɡeʁɛ̃]) Babban jami'in gudanarwa ne kuma ɗan siyasa ɗan ƙasar Faransa.

## Tarihin Rayuwa

### Horarwa
Lionel Guérin injiniyan sararin samaniya ne wanda ya kammala karatunsa daga École nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique kuma ya kammala karatunsa daga École nationale de l'aérotechnique civile.

### Sana'a a kasuwanci
Injiniya ne mai digiri, an ɗauke shi aiki a matsayin Daraktan fasaha a Turai Aéro Service wanda ke da alhakin kula da jiragen sama. Bayan horonsa a ÉNAC, ya zama matukin jirgin sama a kamfanonin jiragen sama na Uni Air, Air Inter da Air France. A kamfanin jirgin sama na ƙasar Faransa, ya zama Kyaftin Airbus A320, malamin jirgin sama kuma mai alhakin ƙa'idodin aiki, kafin ya ƙirƙiri kamfanin jirgin sama na yankin Airlinair. Tun daga watan Fabrairun 2007, shi ma Shugaban Transavia France ne.

A watan Satumba na 2011, ana sa ran zai zama shugaban Air France[6] kuma magajin Pierre-Henri Gourgeon. Wanda Jean-Cyril Spinetta ke goyon baya, daga ƙarshe ba a riƙe shi don amfanin Alexandre de Juniac ba.

### Ayyukan Siyasa
Tun daga 2003, Lionel Guérin shine Shugaban Fédération nationale de l'aviation marchande da Chambre syndicale du transport aérien. Shi ma memba ne na kwamitin gudanarwa na Conseil supérieur de l'aviation marchande. Daga 2006 zuwa 2011, shi ne mai ba da shawara a Banque de France na Creteil.

Lionel Guerin kuma mai fafutukar kare muhalli ne, yana son aku kuma yana tallafawa harkokin sufurin jiragen sama mai dorewa.

### Rayuwar Kansa
Lionel Guérin yana da aure kuma yana da 'ya'ya biyu.

## Kyauta
Knight of the Légion d'honneur.

Jami'in Hukumar Kula da Kyaututtuka ta Faransa

## Littattafan Littafi
Lambar Bayani-Matukin Jirgin Sama 612, Paris, Info-Pilote, Maris 2007

## Manazarta
Yves Lambert

**Yves Maurice Lambert** (4 ga Yuni 1936 - 27 ga Maris 2021) injiniyan jiragen sama ne na Faransa. Ya kasance Darakta Janar na Eurocontrol daga 1994 zuwa 2000.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Ya kammala karatunsa a École Polytechnique (1956) da kuma École nationale de l'aviation civile (Jami'ar jiragen sama ta Faransa, gabatarwa 1959), Lambert ya fara aikinsa a matsayin shugaban sashen fasaha na jiragen sama na Aljeriya (1961). Bayan haka, ya zama darektan kungiyar kare lafiyar jiragen sama ta Organisation de gestion et de sécurité a Aljeriya (1965–1968).

A shekarar 1972, an nada shi wakilin Faransa a Kungiyar Jiragen Sama ta Duniya. Ya zama Sakatare Janar na ICAO a shekarar 1976, mukamin da ya rike har zuwa 1988. Ya koma Faransa ya zama darektan zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na Direction de la navigation aérienne wanda yanzu ake kira Direction des Services de la navigation aérienne har zuwa 1993.

A 1994, an zabe shi Darakta Janar na Eurocontrol, mukamin da ya rike har ya yi ritaya a 2000.

Yves Lambert ya kasance memba na Académie de l'air et de l'espace da Royal Aeronautical Society. Lambert ya mutu a Paris, Faransa a ranar 27 ga Maris 2021, yana da shekaru 84.

## Kyauta

* Jami’in Kungiyar ta Honourable
* Kwamandan Ordre na kasa du Mérite
* Médaille de l'Aéronautique

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

* Académie nationale de l'air et de l'espace da Lucien Robineau, Les français du ciel, ƙamus historique, Le Cherche midi, Yuni 2005, 782 p. (), shafi. 304, LAMBERT, Yves

## Manazarta
Mark Houalla

**Marc Émile Fouad Houalla** (an haife shi ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, 1961) ma'aikacin gwamnati ne na Faransa. Daga 28 ga Nuwamba, 2008 zuwa Oktoba, 2017, shi ne darakta-janar na École nationale de l'aviation civile (jami'ar sufurin jiragen sama ta Faransa). Daga Nuwamba, 2017 zuwa Fabrairu, 2018, shi ne Manajan Darakta na Filin Jirgin Sama na Paris-Orly. A watan Fabrairu, 2018, an nada shi Mataimakin Babban Jami'i, Babban Jami'in Filin Jirgin Sama na Paris-Charles de Gaulle.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Ya kammala karatunsa daga ENAC (IENAC L82) kuma yana da MBA daga HEC Paris (1990), ya fara aikinsa a 1985 a matsayin injiniya a sashen sufurin jiragen sama na Kanada. A shekarar 1987 ya zama manajan ayyuka a sashen fasaha na jiragen sama a birnin Paris a shekarar 1992 sannan ya zama shugaban sashen fasaha da kudi na sashen service d'exploitation de la formation aéronautique a birnin Paris da Muret. A wannan lokacin, ya kuma zama malamin kula da gudanarwa a ESCP Turai da HEC Paris.

A shekarar 1996, ya shiga SOFREAVIA a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan tattalin arziki da kudi. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, ya koma DGAC a matsayin manajan ayyuka a Toulouse.

Daga 2003 zuwa 2006 ya zama darektan filin jirgin saman Marseille Provence. A shekarar 2006, ya zama darektan SEFA kafin a nada shi a matsayin shugaban sashen kula da jiragen sama na École nationale de l'aviation civile. Daga Nuwamba 2017 zuwa Fabrairu 2018, ya kasance Manajan Darakta na Filin Jirgin Sama na Paris-Orly kuma Shugaban Tsoffin Tsoffin Jami'o'in ENAC. A cikin Fabrairu 2018, ya zama Babban Jami'in Filin Jirgin Sama na Paris-Charles de Gaulle.

A cikin Satumba 2013, Marc Houlla ya zama Chevalier (Knight) na National Order of Merite.

Tun daga Maris 2018, shi ne kuma shugaban tsofaffin ɗaliban ENAC.

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

* Académie nationale de l'air et de l'espace da Lucien Robineau, Les français du ciel, ƙamus historique, Le Cherche midi, Yuni 2005, 782 p. ()

## Manazarta
Hamza Ben Driss Ottmani

**Hamza Ben Driss Ottmani** (10 ga Mayu 1940 - 30 ga Mayu 2012) injiniya ne, masanin tattalin arziki kuma marubuci ɗan ƙasar Morocco.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Injinistan sararin samaniya ya kammala karatunsa daga École nationale de l'aviation civile (jami'ar sufurin jiragen sama ta Faransa; gabatarwa 1963) kuma masanin tattalin arziki ya kammala karatunsa daga ENSAE ParisTech (gabatarwa 1973), Ottmani ya riƙe manyan mukamai a gwamnatin ƙasar Morocco, musamman a Sashen Ayyukan Jama'a da Sufuri. Ya kasance Daraktan Tsare-tsaren Sufuri na dogon lokaci, kafin ya zama Sakatare Janar na Ma'aikatar Sufuri. Ya kuma kasance memba na kafa «ƙungiyar tsaro, ci gaba da haɓaka birnin Essaouira» ("ƙungiyar tsaro, ci gaba da haɓaka birnin Essaouira").

## Rubutu
Ayyukan adabi na Ottmani sun fi mayar da hankali ne kan garinsu na asali, Essaouira, wanda ya saba ambatonsa da tsohon sunansa Mogador.

Littafinsa na farko, "Une cité sous les alizés" ("birni a ƙarƙashin iskar ciniki"), wani bincike ne na tarihi game da Mogador-Essaouira tun kafin tarihi zuwa Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Sannan ya koma ga almara, amma yana riƙe da tushe mai ƙarfi na tarihi.

A cikin "Si Mogador m'était contée" ("idan Mogador zai iya magana"), tsohon mai ba da labari, Lalla Aïcha, ya farfaɗo da labarai ashirin daga tarihin birnin da aka yi watsi da shi."Le Soldat qui venait de Mogador" ("Sojan da ya zo daga Mogador") ya ba da labarin tafiyar zuwa Makka na Si Taieb El Ech Chiadmi Maskali, tun 1912; saurayin ya yi kusan shekaru goma sha biyu a Libya kuma yana cikin yaƙin ƴan ta'adda ta Senussi a kan mulkin mallaka na Italiya. "Le Fils du Soleil" ("Ɗan Rana") wani labari ne na tarihi wanda ke ba da labarin ban mamaki na Mustapha Zemmouri, wanda aka fi sani da sunan Estevanico, ɗan ƙasar Morocco daga yankin Azemmour, wanda wani mutumin Spain ya sace zuwa Amurka kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka fara gano Arizona da New Mexico.

## Kyaututtuka
An ba Ottmani kyautar "Société de Géographie humaine de Paris" ("human geography society of Paris) tare da "prix René-Caillié" ("René-Caillié kyauta") a 1997. Littafinsa "Le Fils du Soleil" ("Ɗan Rana") ya sami "Prix du Maroc du livre" ("Morocco book greeting") a 2006 a cikin rukunin rubuce-rubucen kirkire-kirkire. Tarihin rayuwarsa na Si Kaddour Benghabrit an zaɓe shi don "Prix Grand Atlas" a 2011.

## Manazarta
Teruichi Aono

Teruichi Aono (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1953) ɗan wasan shogi ne na Japan mai ritaya daga Yaizu, Shizuoka.

Shogi na ƙwararru

gyara

A watan Fabrairun 2024, Aono ya zama ɗan wasa na 26 da ya lashe wasanni 800 na hukuma a matsayin ƙwararre kuma an ba shi "Shogi Honor Fighting-Spirit Award" sakamakon haka. Yana da shekaru 71, shine mafi tsufa da ya taɓa cimma wannan sakamakon, amma kuma shi ne, na farko da ya yi hakan yayin da yake da kashi na nasara ƙasa da kashi 50 cikin ɗari (bayanan aikinsa bayan wasan shine nasara 800 da rashin nasara 895) a lokacin.

A watan Afrilun 2024, JSA ta sanar da cewa Aono ya cika sharuɗɗan yin ritaya na tilas ga 'yan wasan "Free Class" kuma cewa ritayarsa za ta zama ta hukuma bayan kammala wasansa na ƙarshe na kakar wasan shogi ta 2024–2025. Ritayar Aono ta fara aiki a ranar 13 ga Yuni, 2024, bayan rashin nasarar da ya yi wa Masaki Izumi a wasan rukuni na 37 na Ryūō.[5] Aono ya kammala aikinsa da rikodin nasarori 800 da rashin nasara 899, wanda ya kai kashi 0.471 cikin ɗari.[6]

## Tarihin talla
Tarihin talla na Aono kamar haka:[

Bene 4:

Daki 1:

Doka 4: Afrilu 1,

5-doka: Afrilu 1,

6-doka: Afrilu 1,

7-doka: Afrilu 1,

8-doka: Afrilu 1,

9: Agusta 5,

Rita: Yuni 13,

## Manazarta
Louis Pailhas

André Sarreméjean

**Louis Pailhas** (lafazin Faransanci: [lwi pajas]; 2 Maris 1926 - 6 Fabrairu 2021) ma'aikacin gwamnati ne na Faransa. Daga Disamba 1967 zuwa 1982, ya kasance darekta-janar na École nationale de l'aviation civile (Jami'ar farar hula ta Faransa).

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Pailhas a Foix. Bayan karatun sakandare a Lycée Pierre-de-Fermat a Toulouse da classe préparatoire aux grandes écoles a lycée Louis-le-Grand a Paris, ya sauke karatu daga École Polytechnique (X 46) da École nationale de l'aviation civile (IAC 49). Ya fara aikinsa a matsayin injiniyan jiragen sama na farar hula a Maroko daga 1951 zuwa 1956 sannan kuma ya zama shugaban kwamitin gudanarwa na sashen kula da jiragen sama na Orly har zuwa 1959. A wannan shekarar aka nada shi darektan cibiyar kula da jiragen sama ta Orly, mukamin da ya rike har zuwa 1965. Mataimakin Darakta (1965) na École nationale de l'aviation civile, an nada shi daraktan jami'ar a watan Disamba na 1967, na farko da ya rike wannan mukamin a Toulouse. Ya yi murabus a watan Janairun 1982. Bayan haka, an nada shi daraktan kula da jiragen sama na Ma'aikatar Lafiyar Dan Adam, Ci Gaba Mai Dorewa, Sufuri da Gidaje. Ya yi ritaya a 1990.

A shekarar 1998, ya zama mataimakin Magajin Gari Dominique Baudis na birnin Toulouse sannan kuma mataimakin Magajin Gari na kimiyya, jiragen sama da ayyukan sararin samaniya a 2001.

Daga 16 Maris 2008 zuwa 15 Maris 2014, ya kasance kansila na Bouilh-Devant.

Louis Pailhas ya mutu a Muret a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, 2021, kwana ashirin da huɗu ya cika shekaru 95 da haihuwa.

Louis Pailhas ya kasance memba na Académie de l'air et de l'espace.

## Kyauta

* Ordre na kasa du Mérite
* Legion of Honor
* Médaille de l'Aéronautique

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

* Académie nationale de l'air et de l'espace da Lucien Robineau, Les français du ciel, ƙamus historique, Le Cherche midi, Yuni 2005, 782 p. ()
Mirai Aoshima

Mirai Aoshima (青嶋 未来, Aoshima Mirai; an haife shi a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 1995) ƙwararren ɗan wasan shogi ne na ƙasar Japan wanda ke da matsayi na 7-dan, kuma ɗan wasan dara ne mai taken FIDE Master.

A farkon rayuwarsa, ƙwararren ɗan wasan shogi kuma ƙwararren mai koyon aiki

gyara

An haifi Mirai Aoshima a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 1995, a Mishima, Shizuoka. Ya koyi yadda ake buga shogi lokacin da yake ɗan shekara shida daga littafin shogi da mahaifinsa ya saya masa.[2] A matsayinsa na ɗalibi na makarantar firamare, ya wakilci Tokyo a Gasar Kwalejin Firamare ta All Japan ta Kurashiki Ōshō [ja] a 2003 da 2005, inda ya kammala a matsayi na tara a kowane lokaci.[3][4]

Aoshima ya shiga makarantar koyon aiki ta ƙungiyar shogi ta Japan a matsayin 6-kyū a ƙarƙashin jagorancin ƙwararren ɗan wasan shogi Terutaka Yasue [ja] a 2005.[2] An ɗaukaka shi zuwa matsayin ɗan wasan 3 a shekarar 2012 sannan ya sami cikakken matsayin ƙwararru da kuma matsayin ɗan wasan 4 bayan ya zo na farko a gasar 3-dan ta 56 tare da rikodin nasarori 16 da rashin nasara 2.[2][5]

## Shogi ƙwararre
gyara

Tarihin talla

gyara

* Tarihin tallan Aoshima kamar haka:[6]
* 6-kyū: Satumba 2005
* 3-dan: Oktoba 2012
* 4-dan: Afrilu 1, 2015
* 5-dan: Maris 3, 2016
* 6-dan: Yuni 16, 2020
* 7-dan: Fabrairu 5, 2025
* Kyauta da girmamawa
* gyara

Aoshima ta sami kyaututtukan Shogi na shekara-shekara na Japan Shogi Association don "Kashi Mafi Kyau na Nasara" da "Yawancin Wasannin da Aka Ci a Jere" na 2016.[7][8]

## Darasi
gyara

Aoshima ƙwararren FIDE ne[9] tare da mafi girman ƙimar FIDE na 2385 har zuwa watan Agusta 2024.[10] A shekarar 2019, ya lashe gasar Tokyo Chess Championship[11] da kuma gasar Japan Chess Championship.[12]

## Manazarta
Kōzō Arimori

Kōzō Arimori (有森 浩三, Arimori Kōzō; Fabrairu 13, 1963) ɗan wasan shogi ne na Japan mai ritaya wanda ya kai matsayin ɗan shekara 8.

## Farkon rayuwa da Karatu
An haifi Arimori a Okayama, Yankin Okayama a ranar 13 ga Fabrairu, 1963. A matsayinsa na ɗalibi na makarantar sakandare, ya lashe Gasar Meijin ta Ɗalibi na Makarantar Sakandare ta 2 [ja] a shekarar 1977,[2] kuma a wannan shekarar aka karɓe shi a makarantar koyon aiki ta Ƙungiyar Shogi ta Japan a matsayin ƙwararren mai koyon aiki 5-kyū a ƙarƙashin kulawar ƙwararren mai koyon aiki Michio Ariyoshi.[1] Arimori ya sami matsayin ƙwararren mai koyon aiki 1-dan a shekarar 1979 kuma an ba shi cikakken matsayin ƙwararru da kuma matsayin ɗan shekara 4 a watan Maris 1983.[3]

## Ƙwararren Shogi
A watan Maris na 2007, Arimori ya bayyana aniyarsa ga Ƙungiyar Shogi ta Japan don zama ɗan wasan Free Class tun daga watan Afrilu na 2007.[4]

A ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 2025, JSA ta sanar da cewa Arimori ya cika sharuɗɗan yin ritaya na dole ga 'yan wasan "Free Class" kuma ritayarsa za ta zama ta hukuma bayan kammala wasansa na ƙarshe da aka tsara na kakar shogi ta 2025–2024.[5] Ritayar Arimori ta zama ta hukuma bayan ta sha kashi a hannun Yūya Saitō a ranar 15 ga Mayu, 2025, a wasan Ryūō na rukuni na 6 na 38.[6] Ya kammala aikinsa da rikodin nasarori 544 da rashin nasara 539, wanda ya kai kashi 0.502.[7]

## Manazarta
Michio Ariyoshi

Michio Ariyoshi (有吉 道夫, Ariyoshi Michio; Yuli 27, 1935 - Satumba 27, 2022) ƙwararren ɗan wasan shogi ne na Jafananci wanda ya sami matsayi na 9-dan.[2][3] Ya rubuta littafin Tsume shogi mai suna "Tsume shogi 121 sen(詰将棋121選)"

## Shogi ƙwararre

Tarihin talla

* gyara
* Tarihin talla ga Ariyoshi kamar haka:[5]
* 1951: 3-kyū
* 1953: 1-dan
* 1955, 15 ga Mayu: 4-dan
* 1957, 1 ga Afrilu: 5-dan
* 1958, 1 ga Afrilu: 6-dan
* 1960, 1 ga Afrilu: 7-dan
* 1965, 1 ga Afrilu: 8-dan
* 1979, 1 ga Afrilu: 9-dan
* 2010, 24 ga Mayu: Mai ritaya
* Lakabi da sauran zakarun

Ariyoshi ya bayyana a manyan wasannin cin kofin jimilla sau tara kuma ya lashe babban kofi daya. Ya lashe babban kofi na 21 na Kisei a 1972 saboda babban kofi daya tilo da ya lashe.[6] Baya ga babban kofi daya da ya lashe, Ariyoshi ya lashe wasu gasar cin kofin shogi takwas a lokacin aikinsa.[7]

## Mutuwa
Ariyoshi ya mutu a ranar 27 ga Satumba, 2022, yana da shekaru 87. Ya mutu a asibiti saboda ciwon huhu.[1]

## Manazarta
Robert Redeker

**Robert Redeker** marubuci ne kuma malamin falsafa ɗan ƙasar Faransa. Yana koyarwa a makarantar sakandare ta Pierre-Paul-Riquet, a Saint-Orens-de-Gameville, da kuma École Nationale de l'Aviation Civile. A halin yanzu yana ɓoye a ƙarƙashin kariyar 'yan sanda.

A ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2006, 'yan kwanaki kafin watan Musulunci na Ramadan, ya rubuta wani rubutu na ra'ayi ga Le Figaro, wata jarida ta Faransa mai ra'ayin mazan jiya da ta yi fice, wadda ta cire labarin daga rumbun adana bayanai na jama'a. A cikinsa, ya kai hari ga Musulunci da Muhammad, yana rubutawa: "Shugaban yaƙi marar tausayi, mai fashi, mai yanka Yahudawa da kuma mata da yawa, haka aka bayyana Muhammad ta hanyar Kur'ani." Ya kira Alƙur'ani "littafin tashin hankali mai ban mamaki", ya ƙara da cewa: "Yesu uban ƙauna ne, Muhammadu uban ƙiyayya ne."An haramta fitowar Le Figaro ta wannan rana a Masar da Tunisiya. Bayan haka, Redeker ya sami barazanar kisa daban-daban da suka samo asali daga wani gidan yanar gizo na Musulunci (inda aka yanke masa hukuncin kisa; sun saka adireshinsa da hoton gidansa). Ya nema kuma an ba shi kariya daga 'yan sanda. An kama wani mutum saboda wani wasiƙar ƙiyayya da ya aika wa Redeker.

A ranar 3 ga Oktoba, 2006, wata ƙungiyar masana Faransa masu shahara ta buga "appel en faveur de Robert Redeker" (ƙarin goyon bayan Robert Redeker) a Le Monde, daga cikinsu akwai Elisabeth Badinter, Alain Finkielkraut, André Glucksmann, Claude Lanzmann (tare da ma'aikatan edita na "Les Temps Modernes") da Bernard-Henri Lévy. Suna ganin 'yancinsu na asali yana cikin haɗari ta hanyar wasu 'yan tsattsauran ra'ayi a ƙarƙashin riyawar dokokin addini, kuma suna sukar yadda Turai ke guje wa "tsoratarwa" don kada ta fusata waɗanda ake zargi da zama masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na ƙasashen waje. Duk da haka, yawancin martanin "na hukuma" sun kasance masu adawa da tsohon malamin falsafa - ciki har da 'Le Monde' na Faransa wanda "ya bayyana rubutun Redeker a matsayin "mai wuce gona da iri, mai ɓatarwa, da cin mutunci."

## Manazarta
Jean-Paul Troadec

**Jean-Paul Troadec** (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Oktoba, 1948 a Saint-Renan, Finistère, Faransa) injiniyan sararin samaniya ne na Faransa kuma ma'aikacin gwamnati. Shi ne tsohon Shugaban Ofishin Faransa na Enquêtes et d'Analyses pour la Sécurité de l'Aviation Civile, ofishin binciken haɗarin jiragen sama na ƙasar.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Troadec ya kammala karatunsa daga École polytechnique (X 67) da École nationale de l'aviation civile (IAC 70) kuma ya fara aikinsa a shekarar 1972 a matsayin injiniya a ofishin ba da takardar shaida na Direction générale de l'aviation civile. A shekarar 1975, ya zama shugaban sashen "injiniya da bincike". A shekarar 1980, ya koma sashen "amincewa da kayan aiki, gurɓatawa da auna hayaniya" kafin ya zama shugaban sashen injin Airbus da CFM56. Daga 1985 zuwa 1993, ya kasance shugaban sashen zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na Service d'exploitation de la formation aéronautique. A 1993, an nada shi shugaban sashen zirga-zirgar jiragen sama. Daga nan, har zuwa 2002, ya kasance shugaban sashen albarkatun ɗan adam. A 2002, ya shiga Ma'aikatar Lafiyar Muhalli, Ci gaba Mai Dorewa, Sufuri da Gidaje ta gwamnatin Faransa.

An nada shi a matsayin Shugaban Hukumar Sécurité de l'Aviation Civile a 2009, inda ya maye gurbin Paul-Louis Arslanian.

## cancantar Jirgin sama

* Lasin parachute na soja
* Rating Instrument Lasin matukin jirgi na kasuwanci (injin da yawa)

## Kyauta

* Chevalier na Légion d'honneur
* Jami'in Ordre na kasa du Mérite
* Médaille de l'Aéronautique

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

* Académie nationale de l'air et de l'espace da Lucien Robineau, Les français du ciel, ƙamus historique, Le Cherche midi, Yuni 2005, 782 p. ()

## Manazarta
Kazuo Azuma

Kazuo Azuma (東 和男, Azuma Kazuo; Agusta 17, 1955) ɗan wasan shogi ne mai ritaya na ƙasar Japan wanda ya kai matsayin ɗan shekara 8.[2] Shi tsohon babban daraktan gudanarwa ne na ƙungiyar Shogi ta Japan.

## Shogi ƙwararre
A ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 2021, JSA ta buga a shafinta na yanar gizo cewa Azuma zai yi ritaya bayan kammala wasansa na ƙarshe da aka tsara don kakar wasa ta shogi ta Afrilu 2021 - Maris 2022 saboda ya kai shekarun yin ritaya na dole na shekaru 65 ga 'yan wasan Free Class.[3] Ritayarsa ta fara aiki a ranar 17 ga Mayu, 2021, bayan ya sha kaye a wasansa na 34 na gasar Ryūō ta rukuni na 6 a zagaye na farko da ya yi da Yūsei Koga.[4][5] Ya kammala da tarihin aikinsa na nasarori 479 da rashin nasara 681, wanda ya kai kashi 0.413.

Tarihin Talla

gyara

Tarihin Talla na Azuma kamar haka:[6]

6-kyū: 1971

1-dan: 1974

4-dan: 16 ga Yuli, 1976

5-dan: 1 ga Afrilu, 1980

6-dan: 1 ga Afrilu, 1984

7-dan: 18 ga Disamba, 1992

8-dan: 1 ga Afrilu, 2015

Ya yi ritaya: 17 ga Mayu, 2021

Kyauta da girmamawa

gyara

Azuma ta sami kyautar "Shekaru 25 na Sabis" ta JSA don amincewa da kasancewa ƙwararre mai himma tsawon shekaru ashirin da biyar a 2001.[7]

## Daraktan JSA
gyara

Azuma ta yi aiki a kwamitin gudanarwa na Japan Shogi Association a lokuta da dama. Ya fara aiki a matsayin darakta daga 1995 zuwa 2004,[8] sannan kuma a matsayin manajan darakta daga 2005 zuwa 2006[8] da kuma daga 2011 zuwa 2017.[9][10][11]

A watan Fabrairun 2017, Azuma yana daya daga cikin mambobin kwamitin JSA guda biyu da suka tsira daga kuri'ar kin amincewa da aka kada a wani taron gaggawa na membobin JSA a matsayin wani bangare na rikicin da ya biyo bayan takaddamar da ta shafi masu kalubalantar Ryūō na 29.[12][13] A wata mai zuwa, hukumar JSA ta daukaka shi zuwa babban darakta a wani taro na musamman;[14][15] ya yi aiki a wannan matsayin har zuwa karshen watan Mayun 2017, amma ya yanke shawarar kin mika sunansa a matsayin dan takarar sake tsayawa takara a matsayin memba na kwamitin a taron babban taron JSA na 68 a ranar 29 ga Mayu, 2017.[16]

## Manazarta