Gidan Tarihin Yara na Indianapolis

na Indiya" id="mwFQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis shine gidan kayan gargajiya na Yara mafi girma a duniya. Tana a 3000 North Meridian Street, Indianapolis, Indiana a cikin unguwar United Northwest Area na birnin. Gidan kayan gargajiya ya sami amincewar American Alliance of Museums . Yana da murabba'in ƙafa 472,900 (43,933.85 m2) tare da bene biyar na dakunan baje kolin, kuma yana karɓar baƙi sama da miliyan ɗaya a kowace shekara. Tarin kayan tarihi sama da 130,000 da abubuwan baje kolin sun kasu kashi biyu: Arts & Humanities da Natural Sciences. Daga cikin nune-nunen akwai simulated Cretaceous da Jurassic dinosaur habitats, a carousel, a tururi locomotive, da gilashin gilashi sculpture Fireworks of Glass Tower and Ceiling. Ma'aikatar kayan gargajiya ita ce ilmantarwa ta iyali; an tsara mafi yawan nune-nunen don yin hulɗa.

An kafa shi a Shekara ta  1925 ta Mary Stewart Carey tare da taimakon shugabannin jama'a da kungiyoyi na Indianapolis, ita ce ta huɗu mafi tsufa a irin wannan ma'aikata a duniya. Shafin na yanzu ya zama gida ga gidan kayan gargajiya a 1946; an gina ginin na yanzu a Shekarar 1976 kuma yana da manyan fadadawa huɗu tun daga lokacin. Gidan kayan gargajiya yana karbar bakuncin dubban ayyuka a kowace shekara, gami da wasan kwaikwayo a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Lilly, azuzuwan da bita ga yara a makaranta, nune-nunen tafiya, da abubuwan tara kuɗi. Tare da kasafin kudin 2008 na dala miliyan 28.7, yana da ma'aikata 400 da masu sa kai 1,500. An tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali ta kudi ta hanyar babban kyautar da aka fara kafawa a cikin shekarun 1960 kuma kwamitin amintattu ne ke jagoranta. A watan Mayu 2021, gidan kayan gargajiya ya sanar da Jennifer Pace Robinson, tsohuwar tsohuwar gidan kayan gargajiya mai shekaru 29, a matsayin sabon shugabanta da Shugaba.

## Tarihi

Gidan Tarihin Yara na Indianapolis an kafa shi ne a cikin 1925 ta hanyar Mary Stewart Carey, mai arziki mai kula da jama'a wanda ya mallaki Kamfanin Stewart-Carey Glass. An yi wahayi zuwa gare ta don ƙirƙirar gidan kayan gargajiya bayan ziyarar 1924 zuwa Gidan Tarihin Yara na Brooklyn .  Carey ya fara kamfen don fara gidan kayan gargajiya na yara a Indianapolis kuma ya nemi taimakon wasu shugabannin jama'a na gida da kuma kungiyar malamai masu ci gaba. Tare da goyon bayansu, gidan kayan gargajiya ya buɗe a cikin gidan karusa na The Propylaeum, kulob din jama'a na gida. An kafa kwamitin amintattu don gudanar da gidan kayan gargajiya kuma an zabi Carey a matsayin shugabanta na farko. Yaran makaranta ne suka kirkiro abubuwan da aka nuna na farko kuma suka ba da gudummawa. Carey ta nemi mafi girma kuma bayan sauye-sauye biyu, a ƙarshe ta sami gidan kayan gargajiya a cikin gidanta a kan titin Meridian a 1926. A wannan shekarar ne aka hayar mai kula da farko, Arthur Carr. Carr ya shirya samfurori na Carey a cikin nune-nunen kuma ya gudanar da gidan kayan gargajiya. Abubuwan da aka nuna na dindindin na farko sune ruwa, Jafananci, majagaba, ilimin kimiyyar tarihi, da yanayi. A cikin shekarun 1940, an hayar ma'aikata mafi girma kuma Carr ya zama darektan bayan mutuwar Carey a 1938. Gidan kayan gargajiya ya fara ba da jagora ga yara masu zuwa makaranta, ya shirya nune-nunen tafiye-tafiye waɗanda aka tura zuwa makarantun yankin, kuma ya fara karɓar bakuncin abubuwan da suka faru don tara kuɗi. An ba wa mambobin farko belin Seahorse don nuna su a matsayin mambobin Matasa.

A shekara ta 1942, Carr ya yi ritaya daga gidan kayan gargajiya kuma Grace Golden ya zama sabon darektan. Golden ya nemi kara fadada gidan kayan gargajiya kuma ya sami nasarar neman tallafi daga Gidauniyar Indianapolis, Lilly Endowment, da membobin Iyalin Lilly. Ta kuma sami tallafin kamfanoni da yawa. Sabon kudaden shiga sun ba da damar gidan kayan gargajiya ya sayi ginin kansa, tsohon gida a kan titin North Meridian. Golden kuma ya fara rarraba abubuwan da aka nuna a gidan kayan gargajiya, maimakon dogaro da gudummawar gida. Ta samu nasarar kirkirar haɗin gwiwa tare da wasu gidajen tarihi waɗanda suka ba da rance na kayan tarihi na 'yan asalin Amurka a 1947 da kuma tashar kwarangwal na dinosaur a 1949. An ba da mummy Wenuhotep a kan rance na dindindin daga Jami'ar Chicago a shekarar 1959, an ba da gudummawar gidan katako na ƙarni na sha tara a shekarar 1961, kuma an kara Hall of Man a shekarar 1962. An kirkiro sabbin nune-nunen dindindin da yawa a lokacin da take aiki, tana mai da hankali kan rayuwar majagaba, kimiyyar halitta, da ethnography. Golden kuma ya kafa shirin Junior Docent, ya kirkiro shirye-shiryen talabijin guda biyu na mako-mako don watsa shirye-shirye na gida, kuma ya fara shirin ayyukan fassara.

A shekara ta 1964, Golden ya yi murabus kuma Mildred Compton ya gaje shi a matsayin darektan. Compton ya kasance darektan har zuwa 1982. Ta kirkiro shirye-shiryen kudi na farko na dogon lokaci don gidan kayan gargajiya ta hanyar kafa kyauta kuma ta fara kamfen ɗin talla don gudummawa da haɓaka halarta. An inganta gidan kayan gargajiya don taimakawa shi samun izini daga Ƙungiyar Gidajen Tarihi ta Amurka ta hanyar daidaitawa da tsara abubuwan da aka nuna da kuma ɗakunan ajiya da aiwatar da dabarun kiyayewa. An sami sabbin nune-nunen dindindin a lokacin mulkin Compton ciki har da Gidan Kimiyya na Jiki a 1967, Reuben Wells Steam Engine a 1968, da Model Train Gallery a 1970. 

Wani yunkuri na tara kudade da aka gudanar a 1973 ya tara dala miliyan 8.7 kuma ya ba da izinin gina ginin gidan kayan gargajiya na yanzu. An rushe tsohon gidan kayan gargajiya kuma an gina sabon a shafinsa. An kammala shi a shekara ta 1976, sabon gidan kayan gargajiya yana da wuraren kiyayewa da ajiya na zamani, ɗakunan ajiya, gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Ruth Allison Lilly mai kujeru 350, da kuma babban wurin baje kolin bene biyar. An kara sabbin nune-nunen da abubuwan jan hankali don babban buɗewa, gami da carousel, kogo mai kama da shi, da kwarangwal na mastodon.

Peter Sterling ya zama darektan a 1982 kuma ya ci gaba da bin manufofin ci gaba ga gidan kayan gargajiya. An kara gidan cin abinci da ɗakin lambu na waje a cikin 1983, kuma a cikin 1984, Frank da Theresa Caplan sun ba da gudummawar tarin kayan gargajiya na Caplan na abubuwa 50,000, kusan ninka yawan abubuwan da gidan kayan gargajiya ke da su. Har ila yau, gidan kayan gargajiya ya gudanar da dala miliyan 14, fadada matakai da yawa wanda ya haɗa da gina cibiyar maraba da ƙofar atrium (wanda aka kammala a 1983), planetarium, da ƙarin zauren baje kolin, wanda aka kammala a 1988. Masanin gine-ginen Indianapolis Evans Woollen III ya tsara ƙarin atrium mai hawa huɗu. Wani tallafi daga Lilly Endowment ya ba da kuɗin gina Cibiyar Bincike ta Eli Lilly a cikin 1990. 

A shekara ta 1992, gidan kayan gargajiya yana karbar bakuncin shirye-shirye da ayyuka 4,000 a kowace shekara kuma yana da halartar shekara-shekara na masu tallafawa 835,000. Ya dauki ma'aikata na cikakken lokaci 165, ma'aikata 227 na ɗan lokaci, da masu sa kai 850. Kudin shiga a shekarar 1992 ya kai dala miliyan 12.4.

A shekara ta 1996, an gina gidan wasan kwaikwayo  girman kujeru 310 da ake kira CineDome kusa da gidan kayan gargajiya. A shekara ta , gidan kayan gargajiya ya kara da garage mai sararin samaniya 950 kuma an canza CineDome zuwa Dinosphere, wanda aka gina a ciki da kewayen tsohon CineDome. An sake fadada Cibiyar Maraba da ita a cikin 2009 yana ƙara jimlar girman gidan kayan gargajiya zuwa murabba'in ƙafa 472,900 (43,930 m2). 

Shugaban gidan kayan gargajiya na yanzu kuma Shugaba, Jennifer Pace Robinson, an hayar da shi a cikin 2021,  ya maye gurbin Jeffrey H. Patchen, wanda aka hayar da su a 1999, bayan ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Jami'in Shirin a Gidan Tarihi na J. Paul Getty. 

## Ayyuka

A shekara ta 2008, ma'aikatar tana da kudaden shiga na dala miliyan 26.37 da kuma kudaden da aka kashe na dala miliyan 26,369, tare da sama da rabin kudaden shiga da aka ba da su ta hanyar kayan gargajiya. Gidan yana da baƙi sama da miliyan ɗaya a cikin shekara ta 2008. Tafiye-tafiye daga makarantu 775 sun kawo sama da dalibai 83,000 zuwa gidan kayan gargajiya a lokacin 2008. A shekara ta 2010, gidan kayan gargajiya yana da bangarori 400 da ma'aikata na cikakken lokaci. Bugu da ƙari, mutane 1,500 suna ba da gudummawa sama da sa'o'i 65,000 na aikin sa kai a kowace shekara.

Gidan kayan gargajiya yana da hawa biyar na dakunan baje kolin a cikin babban ginin. Akwai ƙananan gine-gine da yawa a kusa da babban ginin ciki har da Dinosphere, gidan wasan kwaikwayo, da ku wurin shakatawa na waje. Gabaɗaya, gidan kayan gargajiya yana da murabba'in ƙafa 47,900 (43,933.85 m2) na sararin ƙasa. Gidan kayan gargajiya yana da tarin kayan tarihi sama da 130,000, an raba su zuwa yankuna biyu: Arts & Humanities da Kimiyya ta Halitta.

Don kula da canji na yau da kullun a cikin nune-nunen, ana mai da hankali sosai kan bincike da ci gaba. Ana tuntuɓar masana a fagen a kai a kai don tantance abubuwan da aka nuna da kuma bayar da shawarwari ga sababbin. Gidan kayan gargajiya *Yaro* daukar ma'aikata da yawa wadanda ke jagororin a fagen karatunsu. Saboda jagorancinsa da sababbin abubuwa, gidan kayan gargajiya shine jagora a duniya a fagen sa. Mujallar Child and Parents dukansu sun sanya gidan kayan gargajiya a matsayin mafi kyawun gidan kayan gargajiya na yara a Amurka. "An dauki ma'aikatar a matsayin ma'auni na zinariya na gidajen tarihi ga yara. "  New York Times ta ambaci shi a matsayin misali na ma'aunin al'adu wanda ke tabbatar da wayar da kan jama'a game da bukatar karɓar baƙi tare da Batutuwan ji an gina shi daga farkon ƙirar nune-nunen. 

Gidan kayan gargajiya ya yi amfani da Wikipedian a cikin Gidan zama, wanda aka nada a watan Agustan 2011,  kuma yana da wasu lambobin QRpedia da aka buga don baƙi su karanta labaran Wikipedia game da abubuwa a cikin tarin, waɗanda aka fassara cikin yaren da suka fi so.  Lambobin QRpedia suna cikin All Aboard! nuni wanda ke jagorantar masu amfani zuwa labarin Wikipedia na Injin tururi na Reuben Wells,  kuma a cikin nuni na Carousel Wishes and Dreams, wanda ke da alaƙa da labarin Broad Ripple Park Carousel. 

## Abubuwan da aka nuna

Babban matakala na gidan kayan gargajiya babban matakala ne wanda ke bawa baƙi damar samun dama ga dukkan matakai biyar na gidan kayan tarihi ta hanyar masu tafiya, keken guragu, da masu tafiya. A shekara ta 2006, mai zane-zane na gilashi Dale Chihuly ya shigar da siffar gilashi mai hawa huɗu a cikin tsakiya na tsakiya na babban tsakiya. Ana kiran hoton Fireworks of Glass Tower and Ceiling kuma yana tare da nune-nunen hanyoyin busa gilashin Chihuly.

### Ƙananan matakin
National Geographic: Treasures of the Earth nune-nunen, wanda ya hada da yankuna uku, yana kan Ƙananan Ƙasa na gidan kayan gargajiya kuma an fara buɗe shi a ranar 11 ga Yuni, 2011. Ɗaya daga cikin yankuna ya ƙunshi kayan tarihi na Masar da aka gabatar a cikin kwatankwacin kabarin Seti I. Wani yanki yana da binciken archaeological inda aka gano kayan tarihi game da Ying Zheng, Sarkin sarakuna na farko na kasar Sin. Yankin na uku yana nuna ilimin kimiyyar ruwa ta hanyar jirgin ruwa na Jamhuriyar Dominica na Kyaftin Kidd da bindigogi daga ciki. A baya akwai dakin gwaje-gwaje mai aiki.

Gidan baje kolin Beyond Spaceship Earth ya buɗe a cikin 2016 kuma game da fasaha da rayuwar yau da kullun na tashoshin sararin samaniya na NASA, da kuma nuna Indiana Astronaut Wall of Fame . 

Gidan "All Aboard!" yana da injin tururi mai nauyin kilo 15,000 wanda Reuben Wells ya tsara a 1868 don cin nasarar Madison Hill na Indiana. Injin yana haɗe da motar kayan aikin Pennsylvania Railroad a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya na "All Aboard!" Gallery.

Ƙananan matakin kuma yana karɓar bakuncin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Lilly . 

### Babban bene
A kan babban bene / matakin ƙasa, gidan kayan gargajiya yana da Cibiyar Maraba da Girma tare da siffofin Brachiosaur masu girma da matasa da ke hawa zuwa gaba. Wadannan siffofi suna da daidaito ga ilimin halittu na yanzu kuma Gary Staab ne ya kirkiresu kuma Brian Cooley ne ya fentin su wanda ya kirkirar siffofi na sauropod waɗanda ke fadowa daga Dinosphere. A waje da gidan kayan gargajiya a wannan matakin akwai abubuwan al'ajabi guda bakwai na lambun duniya, lambun ruwan sama mai kore, wurin ajiye motoci, da kuma filin ajiye motoci mai girma don karɓar manyan jam'iyyun baƙi kamar makarantu a kan tafiye-tafiye.

Wani wuri mai mahimmanci na matakin ƙasa na gidan kayan gargajiya shine agogon ruwa mafi girma a Arewacin Amurka, wanda masanin kimiyyar Faransa da mai zane Bernard Gitton ya kirkira. Babban bene ya ƙunshi kantin kayan wasa na gidan kayan gargajiya da kotun abinci. Cibiyar masu sa kai, tebur mai kula da gida, da ɗakunan bikin ranar haihuwar suma suna kan wannan matakin.

### Fasali na biyu

Har ila yau, gidan kayan gargajiya ya ƙunshi reshe  murabba'in mita 3,000 ( m2) na ɗakin karatu na jama'a na Indianapolis da ake kira *InfoZone* .  A lokacin fadadawa na baya-bayan nan a shekara ta 2009, an tura wannan sarari zuwa bene na biyu a waje da sararin sama wanda ke haɗa garage zuwa babban ginin.

Mataki na biyu yana karɓar bakuncin yawancin nune-nunen wucin gadi na gidan kayan gargajiya. Abinda kawai ke nunawa a kan matakin shine tashar "Take Me There". Nunin "Take Me There" yana da abubuwan da ke ciki suna canzawa lokaci-lokaci tare da al'adu daban-daban da aka wakilta a sararin samaniya kowane shekaru hudu zuwa biyar. A shekara ta 2009, an nuna nune-nunen "Take Me There: Egypt". "Take Me There: China" da "Take Me there: Greece" tun daga wannan lokacin sun ɗauki matsayinta, a watan Mayu 2014 da Yuni 2019 bi da bi. "Take Me There: Peru" za ta buɗe a ranar 12 ga Yuli, 2025.  Har ila yau, a kan wannan bene akwai ƙananan kayan aiki da ke nuna ɗakuna daban-daban da kayan ado. Yankunan da za a iya canzawa guda uku an san su da Gidan baje kolin na Musamman kuma suna da gajeren nune-nunen da ke juyawa.

An buɗe shi a watan Yulin 2012, "Labarai daga Al'ummarmu" nuni ne wanda ya haɗa da kayan tarihi waɗanda ke kwatanta labarun daga membobin al'umma waɗanda aka nuna a cikin sararin nune-nunen. Baƙi na iya zama a nuni na allon taɓawa kuma su zaɓi labarun da suke so su saurare ko karanta. Akwai shafin yanar gizon da ke da alaƙa wanda ke raba labarun da aka nuna, ban da wasu.

### Fasali na uku
Mataki na uku yana nuna "The Power of Children: Making a Difference", nune-nunen dindindin wanda ke nuna labarun Anne Frank, Ruby Bridges, Ryan White, da Malala Yousafzai, da tasirin da waɗannan yara suka yi a duniya. Manufar ikon yara shine ƙirƙirar yanayin tallafi inda mutane zasu iya bincikawa da tattauna batutuwan da suka shafi nuna bambanci da nuna bambanci kuma su nemi mafita ga waɗannan matsalolin. Tarihin da ya dace, ana sake gina mahalli masu nutsewa don nuna wurin da kowane ɗayan yara ya shafe rayuwarsu. An tsara masu fassara na mutum na farko, gidan wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa, da kayan tarihi don sauƙaƙe fahimtar jama'a game da rayuwar Frank, Bridges, White, da Yousafzai. Gidan yana da sauti, hasken wuta mai ban mamaki, ƙididdiga, hulɗa, da hotunan motsi don jawo baƙi cikin nune-nunen.

Nunin na biyu a bene na uku shine Playscape, wurin ilmantarwa da wasa da aka tsara don yara masu shekaru 5 da ƙanƙanta. Da farko an buɗe shi a cikin 1981, gidan kayan gargajiya ya gudanar da babban gyare-gyare na Playscape a cikin 2013. Gidan da aka gyara ya haɗa da inganta abubuwa da yawa daga nune-nunen da suka gabata, kamar babban yankin sandbox, kwarewar **'Wasanni'','' ruwa, da kuma yankin da aka tsara don kananan yara 2 da ƙarami.

=== Fasali na huɗu ===
Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun abubuwan jan hankali na gidan kayan gargajiya shine Broad Ripple Park Carousel a cikin Carousel Wishes and Dreams gallery a bene na huɗu. Dentzel ne ya kirkiro karosel din, wanda aka kafa shi ne a cikin White City Amusement Park a cikin abin da ke yanzu Broad Ripple Park a cikin 1917 kuma an dawo da shi kuma an sake shigar da shi a cikin wannan gidan kayan gargajiya a cikin 1973. Ita ce mafi girma daga cikin kayan tarihi na gidan kayan gargajiya. Carrousel alama ce ta Tarihi ta Kasa. Ana ba da kiɗa ta hanyar Wurlitzer style # 146 B Military Band Organ.

Mataki na huɗu yana da Ayyukan Kimiyya (wanda aka fi sani da Science Spectrum), nune-nunen da aka sadaukar don bincika kimiyyar halitta da kimiyyar jiki ta hanyar ayyukan gini. Yara na iya gina jiragen ruwa na kayan wasa don yin iyo a kan hanyar ruwa, yin wasa a cikin yankin gini, gina baka, hawa bango na dutse, yawo ta hanyar bututu, lura da tafkin rayuwa, da shiga wasu ayyukan. A cikin Ayyukan Kimiyya shine Biotech Lab, wanda ke karɓar bakuncin abubuwan yau da kullun da ke mai da hankali kan makomar DNA da ilmin sunadarai da SciencePort wanda ke mai daɗi kan ilmin halitta.

=== Yanayin halittu ===


Dinosphere yana da alaƙa da babban gidan kayan gargajiya a kan Ƙananan Mataki (ta hanyar All Aboard), Mataki na Ɗaya (kusa da kotun abinci da manyan ƙofofin ƙofar), da Mataki na Biyu (ta hanyar Mann Properties Gallery of Dinosaur Imagery). Dinosphere ta kasance gidan wasan kwaikwayo na CineDome. Dinosphere yana da ƙwarewar sauti da haske wanda ke kwaikwayon rana a ƙarshen zamanin Cretaceous shekaru miliyan 65 da suka gabata. Cibiyar sararin nune-nunen ta haɗa da wuraren burbushin halittu guda uku. Baƙi na iya yin binciken burbushin halittu a cikin Dig Site, taɓa burbushin ''Tyrannosaurus rex'' na ainihi a cikin Paleo Prep Lab, yin magana da masanan burbushin burbushin tarihi na ainihi, jin daɗin wasannin sada zumunci na iyali da ayyukan ilmantarwa na allo, da kuma duba burbushin dinosaur na ainihi da yawa daga lokacin Cretaceous akan nuni. Dinosphere yana daya daga cikin manyan nune-nunen burbushin dinosaur na yara da na iyali a Amurka. Nunin ya ƙunshi nau'ikan dinosaur da yawa ciki har da ''Hypacrosaurus'', ''Prenoceratops'', ''Tyrannosaurus rex'', ''Triceratops''. Yawancin halittu masu zaman kansu ba dinosaur ba kuma an nuna su, gami da ''Didelphodon'', ''Sarcosuchus'' (super croc), da ''Pteranodon''.

Daga Fabrairu 2021 zuwa Maris 2022, gidan kayan gargajiya ya rufe Dinosphere don gyare-gyare a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin Mission Jurassic. Aikin dala miliyan 27.5 ya kawo sabbin nune-nunen biyu game da lokacin Jurassic zuwa matakin sama na nune-nun, daya daga cikin dinosaur na sauropod da na dabbobi masu rarrafe na ruwa kamar ''Baptanodon'' da ''Plioplatecarpus'' .  A lokacin wucin gadi, yawancin burbushin suna nunawa a wasu wurare a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya.

=== Kwarewar Wasanni ta waje ===
An buɗe shi a cikin 2018, nune-nunen yana ba da ayyukan wasanni daban-daban ga iyalai masu ziyara. Yankunan cikin gida sun haɗa da tashar zane-zane na wasanni da nune-nunen al'adun wasanni. Yankunan waje sun haɗa da kwando, kwallon kafa, wasan tennis, hockey, wasan baseball, ƙwallon ƙafa, golf, waƙoƙin tseren ƙafafu biyu, gidan itace, da kuma hanyar gudu / tafiya da ke kewaye da nune-nunen waje.

=== Abubuwan da ake nunawa a yanzu ===

* POP na Amurka
* Ikon Yara
* Labarai daga Al'ummarmu
* Yanayin halittu
* Bayan Jirgin Sama Duniya
* Ayyukan Kimiyya
* Wutar wuta ta Gilashi
* Ƙananan Ayyuka
* National Geographic: Dukiyoyin Duniya
* Wasanni
* Carousel Wishes & Dreams
* Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Lilly
* Dukan Ku shiga!
* Ka kai ni can: Peru

== Dubi kuma ==
 

* Gidan Schnull-Rauch
* Jerin gidajen tarihi a Indiana
* Jerin gidajen tarihi na yara a Amurka
* Jerin abubuwan jan hankali da abubuwan da suka faru a Indianapolis

== Manazarta ==
**Bayani'''

*  
*  
*  
*  

## Haɗin waje