open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Juma Khan

**Juma Khan** dan kabilar Baloch ne mai kula da miyagun ƙwayoyi daga Lardin Nimruz na kudancin Afghanistan . 

Juma Khan ya kasance mai safarar miyagun ƙwayoyi na lardin Baloch daga Lardin Nimruz a kudu maso yammacin Afghanistan a cikin shekarun 1990. Ba zato ba tsammani ya tashi zuwa matsayi na kasa bayan mamayar da Amurka ta kai Afghanistan. Sojojin Amurka sun tsare shi a takaice bayan faduwar Taliban a shekara ta 2001 kuma an sake shi, duk da cewa jami'an Amurka sun san cewa yana da hannu a fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi. Bayan an sake shi, ya kama iko da garin Bahramcha a cikin Chagai Hills a kan iyakar Pakistan-Iran-Afghanistan a ƙarshen 2001 kuma ya juya shi zuwa cibiyar safarar miyagun ƙwayoyi da bindiga da ke gudana zuwa Pakistan da Iran.

An sanya kungiyarsa a matsayin Narcotics Kingpin a karkashin SDN ta Ofishin Kula da Kasashen Waje na Ma'aikatar Baitulmalin Amurka, tare da adiresoshin a Pakistan da Afghanistan.

A shekara ta 2008, an tsare shi saboda dalilan da ba a sani ba a Indonesia kuma an kai shi New York. An sake shi a hankali a ranar 20 ga Afrilu, 2018, ba tare da wani tuhuma ko shari'a ba. Ba a bayar da wani bayani na hukuma ba.

## Dubi kuma

* Bashir Noorzai

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* "Yaƙin factional da aka ruwaito a arewa maso yammacin Afghanistan" Deutsche Presse-Agentur Maris 26, 2003. *Lexis-Nexis* Satumba 10, 2003
* "Gwamnatin Afghanistan ta binciki kashe-kashen da aka yi a arewa maso yamma" Agence France Presse Mayu 1, 2003. *Lexis Nexis* Satumba 10, 2003
* "Taliban tsohon gwamnan da aka gudanar a Afghanistan" Afrilu 6, 2003. *Labaran* Satumba 10, 2003
Ghulan Mohammed Hotak

**Ghulan Mohammed Hotak** dan Taliban ne na Afghanistan .

## Rayuwa
Daily Telegraph da *Washington Post* sun buga bayanan da suka ficewar Hotak daga Taliban zuwa Gwamnatin Afghanistan ta wucin gadi.

A lokacin da yake da Kotun Binciken Yanayin Yaki da Kwamitin Binciken Gudanarwa na Guantanamo Gholam Ruhani ya shaida cewa ya yi imanin Hotak yana taimakawa leken asirin Amurka a ranar 9 ga Disamba, 2001, ranar da aka kama shi. Ruhani ya shaida cewa mai yin burodi wanda shagonsa ke kusa da shi ya saba da Hotak, kuma ya ba da shawarar ya kira Ruhani ya zama mai fassara tsakanin Hotak, wani shugaban 'yan bindiga mai suna Abdul Haq Wasiq, da Amurkawa.

Hotak was reported captured on July 17, 2004. Hotak was reported to have switched allegiance to the Taliban when they started to rise to power in the early 1990s, and to have changed allegiance again to Hamid Karzai as the Taliban fell.  Hotak was honored at a ceremony on May 5, 2004 to celebrate the surrender of hundreds of weapons.

An kama Hotak a Wardak, tare da ɗan'uwansa da ɗan'uwansa, *"saboda suna da alaƙa da Taliban"*.

Hotak an ruwaito cewa ya yi kira ga gwamnatin Karzai don ya ba da lada ga ficewarsa daga Taliban tare da Gwamnan lardinsa.  An bayar da rahoton cewa magoya bayansa 700 sun yi zanga-zanga a babban birnin lardin don nuna rashin amincewa da kama shi.

Tashar talabijin ta Afghanistan Ariana ta bayyana Hotak a matsayin "babban kwamandan Taliban".

## Manazarta
Madrasatul Islah

**Madrasatul Islah** wata cibiyar ilmantarwa ce ta gargajiya ta Islama kuma sanannen cibiyar nazarin gabas da Islama a Sarai Mir  a Gundumar Azamgarh ta Uttar Pradesh .  Mawlana Muhammad Shafi ne ya fara shi a cikin 1908 tare da halartar fitattun malamai da makarantun addini na yankin. An kafa madrassa tare da tsarin karatu da akidar daban-daban fiye da na Darul Uloom Deoband da Darul U loom Nadwatul Ulama .  Shibli Nomani da Hamiduddin Farahi ana daukar su a matsayin manyan gine-ginen wannan madrasa.

## Farawa
Asghar Hussain Deobandi ne ya kafa harsashin madrassa a cikin 1908.  Hamiduddin Farahi shine babban mai gudanarwa na farko. Amin Ahsan Islahi ya ci gaba da koyarwa a madrassa har zuwa shekara ta 1943. [8]

## Hanyar da ake amfani da ita
Madrasa ta karɓi salon koyarwa na karanta rubutun Alkur'ani kai tsaye tare da ƙarancin dogaro da sharhi.[9] Wani labarin jarida a cikin 2009 ya nuna cewa madrasa, tare da wasu da yawa, sun gabatar da "tsarin zamani, mai ci gaba".

## Shahararrun ɗalibai
Madrassa ta samar da wasu sanannun malaman Islama:

* Mohammad Najatuallah Siddiqi
* Abdul Azim Islahi
* Amin Ahsan Islahi [8]
* Wahiduddin Khan
* Ishtiyaq Ahmad Zilli
* Sadruddin Islahi
* Akhtar Muslimi
* Muhammad Yusuf Islahi

## Kyauta

* 2003, Matsayin Madrasatul Islah Azamgarh a ci gaban karatun Larabci, rubutun PhD na Arshad Azmi, Jami'ar Musulmi ta Aligarh . 

## Dubi kuma

* Darul Uloom Deoband
* Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Kasa ta Shibli

**Kwalejin Kasa ta Shibli** wata cibiyar ilimi ce da ke Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh, Indiya . An kafa shi a 1883 ta hanyar masanin tarihi, masanin ilimi, da mai gyara zamantakewa Allama Shibli Nomani, ya fara ne a matsayin "Makarantar Kasa" kuma tun daga lokacin ya zama sanannen cibiyar ilimi mafi girma a gabashin Uttar Pradesh.

Ana ɗaukar ɗakin karatu na Kwalejin Shibli ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma a Asiya. Ƙarfin kwalejin kusan dubu goma ne tare da kusan adadin ɗalibai maza da mata.

## Tarihi
Shibli ya kasance malami kuma na dogon lokaci abokin tarayya da mai ba da shawara ga Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, wanda ya kafa Jami'ar Musulmi ta Aligarh, Indiya.

Shibli ya kafa kwalejin a 1883, tare da manufar ingantawa da inganta al'ummar musulmi.

An inganta wannan makarantar ta kasa zuwa makarantar tsakiya a 1887, sannan zuwa makarantar sakandare a 1895. Ya zama kwaleji na tsakiya a 1942 kuma an ba shi matsayin kwaleji a 1946.

## Haɗin kai
Kwalejin tana da alaƙa da Jami'ar Maharaja Suhel Dev (MSDU), Azamgarh, kuma Hukumar Gudanar da Jami'o'i (UGC) ta amince da ita a matsayin cibiyar 'yan tsiraru Musulmi. 

## Darussan
Yana ba da shirye-shiryen digiri, digiri na biyu, da digiri na biyu a fannoni da yawa, gami da zane-zane, kimiyya, kasuwanci, doka, da ilimi.

## Sashen kwalejin
**Kwalejin kimiyya**

Ma'aikatar Botany, Ma'aunin Chemistry, Ma'aikatan Lissafi, Ma'aikata na Physics, Ma'aikacin Zoology, Ma'amala ta Masana'antu, Ma'Aikatar Bicohemistry, Sashen Microbiology, Ma-Aikatar Biotechnology, Ma'adanar Geology, Ma Ma'auratan Kididdiga. "Sashen Kimiyya na Kwamfuta"

**Kwalejin Fasaha**

Ma'aikatar Ingilishi, Ma'abiyar Geography, Ma'Aikatar Hindi, Ma'aikata, Ma'aikatan Ilimin Halitta, Ma'amala ta Urdu, Ma'aqar Larabci, Ma'aikacin Tsaro da Nazarin dabarun, Ma'adanar Tattalin Arziki, Ma'anar Tarihi, Ma'ajiyar Siyasa, Ma'ummar Ilimi, Ma' Aiki.

**Kwalejin Kasuwanci**

Ma'aikatar Kasuwanci, Ma'abiyar Gudanar da Kasuwanci

**Kwalejin Shari'a**

Ma'aikatar Shari'a

**Ma'aikatar Ilimi**

Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Malamai (B.Ed.) 

**Kwalejin Kwamfuta**

Ma'aikatar Kimiyya da Aikace-aikacen Kwamfuta

## Laburaren karatu
Ana ɗaukar ɗakin karatu na Kwalejin Shibli ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma a Asiya. Yana da kusan rubuce-rubucen hannu 750 da aka rubuta. Bugu da ƙari, yana da ayyuka kamar 'Al-Arawah' da 'Sirre Akbar' ta 'yar Jahangir, Jahan Ara, da kuma sanannun nassoshin Hindu kamar Upanishads da fassarar Farisa na Mahabharata . 

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Shafin yanar gizon hukuma
Kwalejin Darul Musannefin Shibli

Darul Musannefin Shibli Academy wata makarantar bincike ce da ke Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh, Indiya. Manufarta ita ce ta ƙara ainihin wallafe-wallafen Tarihi a cikin Urdu don mutane su sami sauƙin samun tarihi. An fara shi ne a matsayin Darul Musannefin amma daga baya an sanya masa suna bayan Shibli Nomani .   *Ma'arif* ita ce littafinta na hukuma.

## Tarihi
Wani masanin addinin Sunni Shibli Nomani ne ya kafa shi, a watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1914. Nomani ya kasa kafa Kwalejin a Lucknow, an kafa ta ne a Azamgarh a gonar mango ta Nomani. An kafa shi a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba 1914, kwanaki 3 bayan mutuwar Nomani ta Maulana Hamiduddin Farahi . Wadanda suka kafa sun hada da Maulana Sayyid Sulaiman Nadvi, Maulana Abdus Salam Nadvi da Maulana Masood Ali Nadvi . 

A watan Fabrairun 2016, makarantar ta ki bayar da tallafin rupees lakh biyar daga Gwamnatin Uttar Pradesh, tana mai bayyana cewa bai dace da ma'aikatar Musulunci ba.

## Masu bincike

* Moinuddin Ahmad Nadwi
* Abdul Salam Nadwi
* Sulaiman Nadvi
* Ryasat Ali Nadvi
* Syed Abu Zafar Nadvi
* Sabahuddin Abdur Rahman
* Najeeb Ashraf Nadvi
* Dokta Muhammad Uzair
* Saeed Ansari
* Abdussalam Qadwai
* Haji Mueenuddin
* Mujeebullah Nadvi

## Manazarta
Tammy Garcia

**Tammy Garcia** ƙwararriyar mai sassaka ce kuma mai zane-zanen yumbu ta Amurka. Garcia ta fassara siffofin tukwane da gumakan Pueblo zuwa sassaka da aka yi da tagulla da sauran hanyoyin sadarwa.

## Rayuwa ta farko
Tammy Garcia ta fito ne daga dogon jerin masu fasaha na Santa Clara Pueblo. Kaka-kaka-kaka-kaka-ta Sara Fina Tafoya ma'aikaciyar tukwane ce. [1] Kaka-kaka-kaka-ta, Margaret Tafoya, shahararriyar matukin tukwane ce a farkon karni na 20, tare da 'yar uwarta Christina Naranjo. [2] Zuriyoyi na masu tukwane a cikin dangin da suka biyo baya sun haɗa da Mary Cain, da Linda Cain, mahaifiyar Garcia. [ ana buƙatar ambato ]

## Sana'a
 Garcia is a member of the Santa Clara Pueblo, and was living in Taos, New Mexico.

## Kyaututtuka
Tana da shekaru 21, an ba ta lambar yabo ta farko a bikin Gallup Intertribal Ceremonials, wanda shine lambar yabo ta farko daga cikin kyaututtuka da ta samu.  Tun daga shekarar 1999, Garcia ta yi fice zuwa tagulla, kuma yanzu ta ƙera sassaka na yumbu da tagulla.

## Manazarta
Ya ce Rahmatullah Hashemi

Sayed Rahmatullah Hashemi (Pashto) tsohon wakilin Masarautar Musulunci ce ta Afghanistan . Daga baya ya halarci Jami'ar Yale a matsayin dalibi wanda ba shi da digiri, amma an ki amincewa da aikace-aikacensa na shirin digiri na farko bayan da aka hukunta shi daga masu ra'ayin mazan jiya na Amurka.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Rahmatullah a shekara ta 1978 a Afghanistan, ga iyayen Pashtun. A tsakiyar shekarun 1980, iyalinsa suka koma Pakistan. Rahmatullah ya girma ne a Pakistan kuma ya yi karatu a tsarin makarantar Pakistan.  Makarantarsa ta ragu, amma ya fito da ƙwarewa a Turanci da Pashto, Farisa, da Urdu.

A shekara ta 1994, Rahmatullah ya yi aiki a matsayin mai aiki da kwamfuta da Mai fassara a ofishin yanki na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Afghanistan a Kandahar . An nada shi a matsayin diflomasiyya a Ofishin Jakadancin Afghanistan a Islamabad, Pakistan a shekarar 1998. A wannan matsayin, ya yi tafiya a duniya a matsayin wakilin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Afghanistan na gwamnatin Taliban. Lokacin da aka dakatar da manyan shugabannin Taliban daga tafiye-tafiye na kasashen waje, Rahmatullah ya yi aiki a matsayin wakilin gwamnatin a ziyarar kasashen waje.

## Tattaunawar halartar Yale
A shekara ta 2004, wani aboki na Amurka, Mike Hoover - mai daukar hoto na CBS wanda ya dauki nauyin tafiyarsa ta 2001 - ya ba da shawarar neman shiga kwaleji a Amurka. A shekara ta 2005, an shigar da Rahmatullah a Yale a matsayin dalibi mara digiri. A shekara ta 2006, ra'ayi mai ra'ayin mazan jiya ya tashi yana adawa da Rahmatullah yana karatu a Jami'ar Yale kuma yana tambayar kasancewarsa a Amurka.

Ya zuwa watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2006, Yale ta wallafa wadannan sharuddan a shafin yanar gizon ta:

: *Yale ta ba da damar Mista Hashemi ya ɗauki darussan don ƙwarewar kwaleji a cikin shirin ɗan lokaci wanda ba ya ba da digiri na Yale. Muna fatan darussansa za su taimaka masa ya fahimci yanayin rikice-rikice a duniya. A cewar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje, an ba Ramatullah Hashemi biza ta Amurka a cikin 2004 da 2005, da farko a kan biza ta yawon bude ido sannan a cikin 2005 a kan biza na dalibi. An bi hanyoyin da aka tilasta, wanda, a cikin yanayinsa, ya haɗa da dubawa ta hanyar tsarin amincewa da tsaro. Dukkanin hukumomin sun wanke shi. "*

Wani binciken da ba na kimiyya ba ne na baya-bayan nan da Yale Herald - jaridar mako-mako ta dalibai - wanda dalibai 2,000 suka amsa, sun kammala cewa kashi 50% na Yale sun goyi bayan yarda da Hashmi kuma kusan kashi 25% sun yi adawa da shi.

A watan Yulin shekara ta 2006, an hana Rahmatullah shiga Shirin Dalibai na Eli Whitney, shirin bayar da digiri na Yale ga ɗaliban da ba na gargajiya ba.

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Rubuce-rubuce
* Sayed Rahmatullah Hashemia kanCharlie Rose
* 
* "Kana da Mail (Daga Yale ne): Wani jami'in jami'a ya kira masu sukar Taliban "da jinkiri" yayin da jami'ar ke riƙe da shiru mai tsauri", Wall Street Journal, 13 Maris 2006
* Ivory Tower Stonewall: Wani wanda ya tsira daga 9/11 ya nemi Yale ta bayyana dalilin da ya sa ya shigar da Taliban Man, Wall Street Journal, 3 Afrilu 2006
Craig Kessler

Craig Kessler ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan Amurka kuma kwamishina na 10 a LPGA, matsayin da ya fara a watan Yulin 2025. Kafin hakan, ya yi aiki a matsayin babban jami'in gudanarwa na PGA of America . Ya halarci Jami'ar Georgetown kuma ya sami digiri na MBA daga Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Harvard .  Ya kuma riƙe muƙamai a matsayin Shugaba na Buff City Soap, Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa na TopGolf, da kuma abokin hulɗa a KKR & Co. da Providence Equity .

## Manazarta
Alice Cling

**Alice Williams Cling** ( Navajo, an haife ta a ranar 21 ga Maris, 1946)  ƙwararriyar mai yin tukwane ce ta 'yan asalin Amurka kuma mai yin tukwane, wadda aka sani da ƙirƙirar tukwane masu kyau da kirkire-kirkire waɗanda ke da launuka ja, shunayya, launin ruwan kasa da baƙi waɗanda ke da launuka masu kyau da sheƙi, suna kawo sauyi ga ayyukan fasaha.   Masu suka sun yi jayayya cewa ita ce mafi mahimmancin mai yin tukwane na Navajo na shekaru 25 da suka gabata.  

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Cling a Cow Springs, Arizona, a yankin Tonalea na ƙasar Navajo .  

A shekarar 1966, Cling ya kammala karatunsa daga Makarantar Intermountain Indian School da ke Brigham City, Utah .  

## Sana'a
Cling ta koyi sana'ar tukwane daga mahaifiyarta, Rose Williams, da kuma kakanta, Grace Barlow . An ƙirƙiri tukwanen ne daga yumbu da aka samu kusa da yankin Black Mesa a Gundumomin Apache-Navajo a Arizona, sannan a yi amfani da itacen juniper wajen harba su a waje, tare da tsarin harba su yana ƙara launin yumbun. [1] Cling da mahaifiyarta da goggonta su ne suka ɗauki nauyin farfaɗo da tukwanen gargajiya na Navajo. [2]

Cling ma'aikaciyar tukwane ce mai na'urar yin tukwane, kuma ita ce ma'aikaciyar tukwane ta farko ta Navajo da ta yi amfani da dutse mai santsi don goge tukwanenta maimakon masarar gargajiya.   Ana ɗaukar tukwanenta a matsayin wanda ba shi da amfani, wanda hakan ya nuna babban sauyi daga aiki zuwa fasaha.  

## Manazarta
Nikolaos Nikolopoulos

**Nikolaos Nikolopoulos** (Girkanci: ; an haife shi a shekara ta 1958) ɗan siyasan Girka ne. Ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na majalisar dokokin Girka daga 2009 zuwa 2019 kuma a baya daga 1989 zuwa 2007. Ya taɓa zama a matsayin Mai zaman kansa, bayan ya bar Helenawa masu zaman kansu.

## Rayuwa da ilimi
Nikolaso Nikolopoulos ya yi karatun siyasa a Jami'ar Panteion sannan ya biyo bayan tauhidin zamantakewa a Jami'an Athens . Daga baya ya kammala MBA a fannin tattalin arziki da gudanarwa kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin banki. Ya auri Anastasia Manolopoulou tare da 'ya'ya uku.

An fara zabar Nikolopoulos a matsayin memba na majalisa a shekarar 1989 wakiltar Achaea don Sabon Dimokuradiyya . Ya yi aiki a wannan matsayi har zuwa 2007. An sake zabarsa a shekarar 2009. A lokacin tattaunawar game da shiga Cyprus zuwa Tarayyar Turai ya yi aiki a Kwamitin Ministocin Girka da Cyprus don shiga Cyprus zuwa EU. Daga 21 ga Yuni 2012 har zuwa 12 ga Yuli 2012, ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Ministan Kwadago, Tsaron Jama'a da Welfare Girka a cikin sabuwar gwamnatin hadin gwiwar Dimokuradiyya-PASOK-DIMAR . Ya yi murabus Akaya rashin jituwa kuma daga baya aka cire shi daga Kungiyar Majalisar Dokoki ta Sabon Dimokuradiyya sannan ya zauna tare da 'yan majalisa masu zaman kansu. Ya shiga jam'iyyar Independent Greeks a shekarar 2014 [1] An cire shi daga kungiyar 'yan majalisa ta Greeks masu zaman kansu a watan Nuwamba 2015.

## Rikici
Nikolopoulos ya ja hankalin duniya bayan ya yi amfani da shi ga Firayim Minista na Luxembourg, Xavier Bettel bayan Bettel ya sanar da alkawarinsa ga abokin aikinsa na jinsi ɗaya. Nikolopoulos ya wallafa wa Bettel a shafinta na Twitter "FROM EUROPE OF NATION STATES... TO A EUROPE DE FARGGOT MATES!!! Firayim Minista na Luxembourg ya shiga cikin ƙaunataccen!!"  Bettel ya amsa wa shafinsa na Twitter yana cewa "Sannu, na ji kuna so ka gaya mini wani abu, amma ban yi magana ba. Ya ga Girka da Luxembourg kuma ya bayyana cewa dangantakarsa da ya "karɓi" da saƙon daga Netherlands.

## Manazarta
Kashewar Ghulam Nabi

**Ghulam Nabi** ya kasance dan bindiga ne na Pakistan da ke da hannu tare da Taliban kuma ya yi yaƙi da kungiyar Northern Alliance mai goyon bayan Amurka a Afghanistan a lokacin yakin da Amurka ke jagoranta a Afghanistan .

Wani bidiyon da kamfanin dillancin labarai na Associated Press ya samu a ranar 20 ga Afrilu 2007 ya nuna wani saurayi, yana neman kusan shekaru 12, yana yanke kan wani mutumin da aka bayyana a matsayin Nabi. A cewar rahoton AP, "A ci gaba da harbi 21⁄2minti sa'an nan kuma ya nuna wanda aka azabtar yana kwance a gefensa a kan wani yanki na rushewar ƙasa. Wani mutum yana riƙe da Nabi da gemu yayin da yaron, yana sanye da jaket na soja da fararen sneakers, ya yanke a cikin makogwaro. Sauran maza da yara maza suna kira "Allahu akbar! " - "Allah yana da girma! " - yayin da jini ya tashi daga raunin. Fim din, wanda aka rufe shi da nasheeds, sannan ya nuna yaron yana hacking da yanka wuyan mutumin har sai an yanke kansa. "

Sam Zarifi na Human Rights Watch ya yi Allah wadai da yanke kansa kuma ya kira shi "sabon ƙasa", kuma Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Pakistan ta yi Allah wadain da shi. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]&#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Haɗin waje

* ''Bidiyo a Pakistan ya nuna saurayi mai tsafta kansa saboda zargin cin amanar shugaban Taliban''
Antonios Kalamogdartis

**Antonios Kalamogdartis** (Girkanci: Αντώνιος Καλαμογδάρτης, 1810-1856) ya kasance shugaban juyin juya halin Girka kuma ɗan siyasa wanda aka zaba shi sau da yawa.

An haife shi a shekara ta 1810 a Patras . Ya ci gaba da karatunsa kuma ya fara koyon Faransanci da Italiyanci. An sanya shi cikin rundunar soja ta Favieros . Ya yi yaƙi da yawa kuma ya bambanta shi a cikin kewaye da Acropolis a Athens. Ya kasance lauya a majalisar kasa tsakanin 1843 da 1844.

An ba shi shawara a cikin 1854 kuma ya yi yaƙi da Turks don 'yancin Epirus inda ya ji rauni kuma ya ji rauni. Daga baya ya gafarta wa kansa kuma yafi zuwa Nafplio kuma daga baya zuwa Patras. Ya fassara waƙoƙi da yawa daga Faransanci da Italiyanci kuma ya kasance wallafe-wallafen waka. Yana da aiki a yankin waje a yankin Chalkomata a cikin wannan kuma yana da sunan hamada na Chalkomata .

## Manazarta
Elizabeth Updike Cobblah

**Elizabeth Updike Cobblah** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1955)  malamar fasaha ce ta Amurka kuma mai zane-zanen yumbu, mai zane, da kuma mai zane a Massachusetts. Ita ce babban ɗa ga marubuci John Updike, kuma ita ce abin koyi ga wasu daga cikin halayensa. Tana da aure da Tete Cobblah.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Elizabeth Pennington Updike a shekarar 1955 a Ingila yayin da mahaifinta, John Updike, da mahaifiyarta, Mary Pennington (Updike) Weatherall, ke karatu a Makarantar Zane ta Jami'ar Oxford . John Updike ya rubuta "Waƙar Ranar Haihuwa ta Maris" game da haihuwar Cobblah. [1] Tun tana jaririya ta koma birnin New York tare da iyayenta yayin da mahaifinta ya rubuta wa jaridar The New Yorker . [2] Daga nan iyalan suka ƙaura zuwa Ipswich, Massachusetts, inda ta shafe mafi yawan yarintarta tare da ƙannenta uku, ciki har da marubuci David Updike . [2] Ta kammala karatunta daga Makarantar Pingree, Jami'ar Jihar Salem sannan ta kammala Makarantar Zane ta Rhode Island da ke Providence, inda ta haɗu da mijinta, Tete Cobblah, ɗan asalin Ghana . Suna da 'ya'ya maza biyu. [3]

## Manazarta
Dimitrios Maximos

**Dimitrios E. Maximos** (Girkanci; 6 ga Yulin 1873 [1] - 17 ga Oktoba 1955)  ya kasance ɗan bankin Girka kuma ɗan siyasa. Ya yi aiki a takaice a matsayin Firayim Minista na Girka bayan Yaƙin Duniya na II . 

## Rayuwa
An haifi Maximos a ranar 6 ga Yuli 1873 a Patras . [1] Ya fara aikinsa a banki a shekara ta 1891 kuma ya yi aiki a Babban Bankin Girka. A cikin 1920 Maximos ya zama gwamnan bankin kafin ya yi murabus a cikin 1922. [1] Tsakanin 1933 da 1935, ya zama Ministan Harkokin Waje na gwamnatin Panagis Tsaldaris . Ya kasance Firayim Minista na Girka a shekarar 1947. [2]

Gidansa a tsakiyar Athens, Maximos Mansion, yana aiki tun 1982 a matsayin wurin zama na Firayim Minista na Girka.

## Manazarta
Andreas Michalakopoulos

**Andreas Michalakopoulos** (Girkanci; 17 ga Mayu 1876, [1] Patras - 7 ga Maris 1938, Athens) ya kasance wani muhimmin dan siyasa mai sassaucin ra'ayi a lokacin yakin basasa wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Firayim Minista na Girka daga 7 ga Oktoba 1924 zuwa 26 ga Yuni 1925, ranar da sojojin Girka suka hambarar da gwamnatin karkashin jagorancin Janar Theodoros Pangalos, wanda ya tilasta wa Shugaba Pavlos Kountouriotis ya kori gwamnati kuma ya nada Pangalos a matsayin sabon Firayim Ministan. 

Michalakopoulos ya kasance babban memba na Jam'iyyar Liberal kuma abokin tarayya na wanda ya kafa ta, ɗan ƙasar Girka Eleftherios Venizelos, sama da shekaru 20. Tare da Venizelos ya shiga cikin tattaunawar yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa ta Sèvres da Lausanne, kuma ya sanya hannu a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Waje Yarjejeniyar Abokantaka ta Girka da Turkiyya (wanda aka fi sani da Yarjejeniyar Ankara) a ranar 30 ga Oktoba 1930.

Ya rike muhimman mukamai a gwamnatoci da yawa karkashin jagorancin Eleftherios Venizelos, Alexandros Zaimis da Konstantinos Tsaldaris; Ministan Harkokin Waje (1928-1933), Ministan Tattalin Arziki (1912-1916), Ministan Noma (1917-1918, 1920), Ministan Harshen Soja (1918).

Opposed to the military dictatorship of Ioannis Metaxas, he was sent to political exile on Paros in 1936, which resulted in his death in 1938.&#x5B;**&#x5D;

An binne shi a Kabari na farko na Athens .

## Dubi kuma

* Abin da ya faru a Petrich
* Kwamandan Knight na girmamawa na Order of the British EmpireUmurnin Daular Burtaniya

## Manazarta
Takis Papageorgopoulos

Panagiotis "Takis" Papageorgopoulos (Girkanci: Τάκης Παπαγεωργόπουλος; 1934 - 23 ga Oktoba 2015) ya kasance janar na Sojojin Girka wanda ya kasance babban mutum a cikin abin da ake kiraASPIDA . [1]

Bayan maido da dimokuradiyya a Girka, ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na majalisar dokoki na PASOK daga 1977 har zuwa 1985 kuma daga 1986 har zuwa 1989. 

## Manazarta
Andreas Papagiannakopoulos

**Andreas Papagiannakopoulos** (Girkanci: , 1845-1911) ya kasance alƙali kuma ɗan siyasa na Kalavryta da Achaea .

An haife shi a Leivartzi kuma ya koma Patras tun yana ƙarami. Ya yi karatun shari'a kuma ya shiga aikin jarida, ya buga jaridu *[[Pelopas (newspaper)|Pelopas]]* da *[[Toxotis (newspaper)|Toxotis]]* a 1876. Ya zama jami'in 'yan sanda na gari a 1883 amma an kore shi shekara guda bayan haka.

An zabe shi a matsayin memba na majalisar dokokin Hellenic na Kalavryta a 1885 kuma ya ci gaba daga 1887 har zuwa 1910 don yankin Achaea. Ya yi ƙoƙari a zabe shi a matsayin magajin gari na Patras amma ba tare da nasara ba.

Ya mutu a ranar 12 ga Janairu, 1911, a Athens a asibitin Evangelismos . Loukas Roufos ne ya karanta jawabin jana'izarsa.

## Dubi kuma

* Siyasa ta Girka

## Manazarta

* *Patrinologimata*, volume II, Nikos Politis, Peri Technon, Patras 2004,
Angelos Roufos

**Angelos Roufos** (Girkanci: , an haife shi a shekara ta 1852) ɗan siyasa Girka ne daga Akaya .

An haife shi a cikin kimanin shekara ta 1852 a Patras ga Benizelos Roufos, zuriyar dangi na siyasa na gida. An zabe shi sau uku a majalisar dokokin Girka. A shekara ta 1899, ya tsaya takara a matsayin magajin gari na Patras amma ya rasa saboda kuri'un iyali sun raba tsakanin shi da ɗan'uwansa Athanasios Kanakaris-Roufos .

## Manazarta
Stavroula Antonakou

Stavroula Antonakou (an haife ta a ranar 2 ga Mayu 1982) 'yar wasan polo na ruwa ce ta Girka da ta yi ritaya, tana wasa a matsayin direban, Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya (a 2011 a Shanghai) tare da ƙungiyar polo na ruwa ta Girka.[1][2] Ta kasance wani ɓangare na tawagar a Gasar Zakarun Turai, gami da a Gasar Cin Kofin Turai ta Mata ta 2008, 2010 da 2012.[3]

A matakin kulob din, ta buga wa Olympiacos da Ethnikos wasa, ta zama kyaftin a kungiyoyin biyu.

## Ayyukan siyasa
A matsayinsa na memba na jam'iyyar siyasa ta The River, an zabi Antonakou a matsayin memba na majalisar dokokin Hellenic na Piraeus A a Zaben Janairu 2015.

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin zakarun duniya a wasan polo na mata
* Jerin wadanda suka lashe lambar yabo a gasar cin kofin duniya a wasan polo na ruwa

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Thodoris Dritsas

**Thodoris Dritsas** (Girkanci; an haife shi a ranar 23 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1947) ɗan siyasan Girka ne. A matsayinsa na memba na jam'iyyar Siriya, ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Shipping da Island Policy da kuma Mataimakin Ministan Shifing da Aegean a cikin majalisun farko da Alexis Tsipras">na biyu na Alexis Tsipras. Tsohon memba na Majalisar Hellenic, an shirya shi don sake karɓar kujerar a Piraeus A' bayan murabus din Tsipras, ya zama memba na goma sha biyu wanda ke wakiltar Nea Aristera (NA).

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Dritsas a Piraeus a shekarar 1947. Ya kai shekara ta digiri a karatun Shari'a a Jami'ar Athens .   A shekara ta 1972, ya shiga kasuwancin iyali na kantin magani a matsayin mai haɗin gwiwa. A lokacin mulkin kama-karya na soja na 21 ga Afrilu, Dritsas ya kasance mai aiki a cikin tashin hankali na adawa da gwamnati. Bayan da aka dawo da dimokuradiyya a 1975, ya kasance mai aiki a cikin kungiyar Socialist Revolution ta bayan majalisa. 

## Siyasa ta cikin gida
Dritsas ya kasance dan takarar magajin gari na Piraeus a zaben 1998, 2002, 2006, da 2014, yana jagorantar kawancen siyasa da ake kira "Port of Anguish". Daga 2002 zuwa 2007 ya yi aiki a Majalisar Majalisa ta Piraeus . 

## Siyasa ta kasa
An fara zabar Dritsas a matsayin memba na majalisar dokokin Hellenic (MP) a zaben majalisar dokoki na 2007, yana tsaye a Piraeus . 

Bayan nasarar da Syriza ta samu a babban zaben watan Janairun 2015, an nada Dritsas a matsayin Mataimakin Ministan Jirgin Ruwa da Aegean. Bayan ya ɗauki ayyukan ministoci, ya ba da sanarwar "hanzarin sokewa" na ikon mallakar Piraeus Port Authority (aka OLP), ya kara da cewa "za a kiyaye halin jama'a na tashar jiragen ruwa. OLP sayar da tashar jiragen sama ta tsaya a nan".

Bayan nasarar da Syriza ta samu a zaben majalisar dokoki na watan Satumbar 2015, an nada Dritsas a matsayin Ministan Jirgin Ruwa da Manufofin Tsibirin a sabuwar gwamnati.[1] A wannan matsayin, a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2016, Dritsas ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar tare da gwamnatin kasar Sin inda gwamnatin Syriza ta sayar da hannun jari a cikin Hukumar Kula da Tashar Piraeus ga ƙungiyar jigilar kayayyaki ta kasar Sin.[2]

Bayan murabus din Alexis Tsipras daga majalisa a ranar 6 ga Oktoba 2025, Dritsas shine dan takara na gaba a layi don kujerar majalisa a Piraeus A' '.  Koyaya, Dritsas tun daga lokacin ya bar SYRIZA kuma ya shiga Nea Aristera (NA).  Dritsas ya gaya *Zuwa Vima* cewa yana da niyyar ɗaukar kujerar Tsipras, ma'ana zai zama dan majalisa na goma sha biyu na NA.  

## Rikici na yajin aikin yunwa
A ranar 8 ga watan Janairun 2021, Dimitris Koufodinas, tsohon dan kungiyar da aka tsare a kurkuku na 17 ga watan Nuwamba, ya fara yajin aikin yunwa yana neman a sauya shi daga "kotu mai tsaron gida" a Domokos, a tsakiyar Girka, zuwa gidan yarin Korydallos a Athens. A watan Maris na 2021, Dritsas, yana magana da gidan rediyo na Piraeus, ya nuna goyon bayansa ga yajin aikin yunwa na Koufodinas, yana mai cewa:

## Manazarta
Maria Giannakaki

**Maria Georgiou Giannakaki** (Girkanci: ; an haife ta 6 ga Mayu 1969) 'yar siyasa ce ta Girka, tsohuwar 'yar jam'iyyar Democrat kuma tsohuwar sakatare janar a Ma'aikatar Shari'a, Bayyanawa da 'Yancin Dan Adam .

## Tarihi da aikin siyasa
An haife ta ne a Piraeus, kusa da Athens a ranar 6 ga Mayu 1969 kuma ta girma a Nice. Ta yi karatun Classics da Kimiyya ta Siyasa a Jami'ar Athens kuma ta kammala karatu a Paris.

Ta kasance memba na kafa jam'iyyar Democratic Left kuma memba na kwamitin tsakiya na jam'iyyar. An zabe shi dan majalisa tare da Jam'iyyar Democrat a zaben Mayu da Yuni 2012. 

A cikin zaɓen yanki na 2014 ta kasance 'yar takara ga Majalisar Yankin Attica tare da haɗuwa da "Intervention for Attica - Democratic Ecological Movement", wanda Democratic Left da Ecologist Greens suka goyi bayan. An zabe ta a matsayin wakilin yanki tare da kuri'u 28,601 da 1.76%.

A karo na 4 na Jam'iyyar Democrat Left a watan Yunin 2015 ta kasance dan takarar shugaban kasa na jam'iyyar. Ta zo ta biyu a bayan Thanasis Theocharopoulos inda ta samu kuri'u 40.84% da 241. 

Ta bar Jam'iyyar Democrat a watan Agustan 2015 saboda rashin jituwa da shawarar jam'iyyar ta yanke na jefa kuri'a tare da PASOK.

Tun daga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2016 ta kasance Babban Sakatare na Bayyanawa da 'Yancin Dan Adam a Ma'aikatar Shari'a, Bayyanawa le'Yancin Dan adam.

A watan Yunin 2017, a matsayinta na Sakatare Janar na Bayyanawa da 'Yancin Dan Adam, ta tsara gyare-gyare ga Dokokin 187 da 187A (Dokar kan "Kungiyoyin Laifuka" da "Tromonomos"). An yi ƙoƙari a zartar da wannan gyare-gyare ta hanyar gyare- gyare-rikice ga lissafin da ba shi da mahimmanci ga Dokar Shari'a, yayin da aka soki shi a matsayin ƙoƙari na aikata laifuka ga maganganun jama'a.[undefined] An janye wannan gyare-gyare na ɗan lokaci don ƙarin aiki.[1]

## Manazarta
Oliver Haarmann

**Carl Ludwig Oliver Haarmann** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1967) wani mai ba da kuɗi ne na hannun jari na Jamus, kuma abokin tarayya ne na Searchlight Capital Partners .   Shi ɗan tsiraru ne mai mallakar New York Islanders . 

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Oliver Haarmann a watan Satumba na shekarar 1967.   Ya sami digirin farko a tarihi da hulda da kasashen duniya daga Jami'ar Brown a shekarar 1990, sannan ya sami digirin MBA daga Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Harvard a shekarar 1996. 

## Sana'a
Haarmann babban darakta ne kuma abokin tarayya a Kohlberg Kravis Roberts (KKR).   A watan Yunin 2007, *Jaridar Daily Telegraph* ta ruwaito cewa ɗaya daga cikin KKR (wanda a lokacin ya karɓi ragamar Alliance Boots ) abokan hulɗa takwas da ke London (ba Haarmann ba) ne kawai ke da haraji a Burtaniya. 

An kafa Searchlight Capital a shekarar 2010 ta hannun Eric Zinterhofer, Haarmann, da Erol Uzumeri, abokan haɗin gwiwarta.  

Haarmann darakta ne a Ocean Outdoor  da kuma Hunter Boot . 

Shi amintaccen gidauniyar Surgo ne,  da kuma IntoUniversity . 

Shi ne mamallakin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta New York Islanders. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Haarmann ya auri wata 'yar kasuwa mai zaman kanta mai suna Mala Gaonkar . Suna da 'ya'ya maza biyu.

Tun daga watan Yulin 2024, yana soyayya da jarumar fim Reese Witherspoon . 

## Manazarta
Katherine Choy

**Katherine Choy** (1927–1958) ƙwararriyar mai fasaha ce 'yar Amurka, wacce aka san ta da aikinta na tukwane da yumbu. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife ta a cikin iyali mai arziki a Hong Kong a shekarar 1927, kuma ta girma a Shanghai. [1] A shekarar 1946, Choy ta je karatu a Amurka, da farko a Kwalejin Wesleyan da ke Macon, Georgia. [2] A shekarar 1948, ta koma Kwalejin Mills don zama kusa da iyalinta a California, inda ta sami digirin farko a shekarar 1950 da digirin masters a shekarar 1951. [2] [3] A shekarar 1952, ta zama shugabar sashen yumbu a Kwalejin Newcomb da ke Jami'ar Tulane da ke New Orleans. A shekarar 1957, ta fara Cibiyar Fasaha ta Clay a Port Chester, NY . [1] [4] [5] Choy ta mutu sakamakon ciwon huhu tana da shekaru 29. [6]

A al'adance ana jefa kayan yumbunta a kan keken amma ta yi gwaji da zane mai ƙarfi da kuma wani salo na musamman.  Tukwanen farko sun sami kwarin gwiwa daga al'adun yumbu na Asiya; amma daga ƙarshe ta koma ga sabbin dabaru na zamani, wanda ya bambanta ta da takwarorinta.  Ayyukan Choy suna cikin tarin Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum,  da Metropolitan Museum of Art . 

## Manazarta
Ilias Kasidiaris

**Ilias Kasidiaris** (Greek: Ηλίας Π. Κασιδιάρης; born 29 November 1980) is a Greek politician and founder of the political party National Party – Greeks, which was formerly known as Greeks for the Fatherland.  He was a member of the Hellenic Parliament, and a convicted leader of the former leaders of the now disbanded criminal organisation Golden Dawn. In October 2020, he was convicted of directing a criminal organization and sentenced to 13.5 years in prison, in which he pleads his innocence, and his supporters claim is a silencing of the opposition by Greek Premier Kyriakos Mitsotakis.

## Farkon rayuwar mutum
An haifi Ilias Kasidiaris a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba 1980 a Keratsini, Girka. 

A lokacin hidimar soja, ya yi aiki a cikin 1st Raider / Paratrooper Brigade kuma musamman a cikin 35th Commando Battalion a Cyprus. Yana da digiri a fannin noma tare da ƙwarewa a fannin sunadarai na abinci daga Jami'ar Aikin Gona ta Athens . 

## Ayyukan siyasa
A wata hira da Nikos Evangelatos ya gudanar a gidan talabijin na Skai TV watan Mayu na shekara ta 2012, Kasidiaris ya ki hukunta shugaban Nazi Adolf Hitler, yana mai cewa "za a hukunta rawar da ya taka a tarihi a lokaci". Ya sake jaddada matsayinsa game da baƙi a Girka.

Kasidiaris ya nakalto The Protocols of the Elders of Zion a cikin jawabin 23 ga Oktoba 2012 ga majalisa. Da yake kare kansa a cikin tattaunawar ko ya ɗaga kariya ta majalisa game da harin da ya kai wa Kanelli, ya nakalto nassin, "Domin lalata darajar jaruntaka za mu tura su don shari'a a cikin rukunin sata, kisan kai da kowane irin laifi mai banƙyama da lalata. " [undefined] Kasidiaris, da kuma abokan aikinsa biyu na Golden Dawn, an soke kariya ta majalisar ta hanyar kuri'ar majalisa. [1]

A tsakiyar shekara ta 2013, yayin da yake cikin majalisar dokokin Hellenic, Kasidiaris ya ce shi da sauran mambobin majalisa sun kasance Masu musanta Holocaust.

## Manazarta
Deborah Clashin

**Deborah Clashin** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1969), wacce aka fi sani da **Debbie Clashin**, ƙwararren mai yin tukwane ne a Hopi-Tewa Taba Clan. 

## Zane-zane
Clashen ta fara nuna ayyukanta a gasar juried a Gidan Tarihi na Arewacin Arizona da ke Flagstaff a lokacin bikin nunin Hopi na shekara-shekara. Ta sami ribbon Matsayi na 1st a wannan wasan kwaikwayon kuma tana jin cewa girmamawa ce ta ga malamarta, Dianna Tahbo . Ta shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Piki a wasan kwaikwayo na SWAIA Santa Fe Indian Market a shekarar 2015, wanda hakan ya ba ta damar zama ta 1st Place don Utilitarian Pottery.

Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa na 'Yan Asalin Amurka, [1] Gidan Tarihi na Fralin, [2] Gidan Tarihi na Nelson-Atkins, [3] Gidan Tarihi na Maxwell na Anthropology, [4] Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis [5] da Gidan Tarihi na Seattle . [6] Manyan kyaututtuka sun haɗa da Kyautar Tunawa da Kasuwar Santa Fe ta Indiya Helen Naha don Kamfanin Pottery na Hopi. [7]

## Manazarta
Sokratis Kosmidis

**Sokratis Kosmidis** (Girkanci: ; an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba 1943) lauya ne kuma ma'aikacin gwamnati wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Sakatariyar Ma'aikatar da kuma memba na Majalisar Hellenic .

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Sokratis Kosmidis a Piraeus, ƙarami ne cikin yara uku da aka haifa wa Ioannis Kosmidus, mai yin takalma, da matarsa, Eleni (née Lolosidou). Ya yi karatun Shari'a a Jami'ar Kasa da Kapodistrian ta Athens . Ya auri Domniki Kosmidou, kuma yana da 'ya'ya biyu, Ioanna da Nikolaos . A halin yanzu yana zaune a Voula .

## Ayyukan shari'a
Sokratis Kosmidis ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya na tsawon shekaru 25, tsakanin 1968 da 1993. A wannan lokacin, Kosmidis ya yi aiki a cikin wadannan mukamai a garinsu na Piraeus: Daga 1975 zuwa 1978, ya kasance darektan kuma marubucin jaridar 'Piraeus Echoes' (Girkanci: ); Tsakanin 1984 da 1987, ya zauna a cikin kwamitin daraktocin kungiyar lauyoyin Piraeus; Daga 1982 zuwa 1989, ya kasance shugaban wakilin inshora na teku da kuma asusun ma'aikaci.

Bayan shekaru biyu da ya yi a matsayin Babban Sakatariyar Ma'aikatar Kasuwanci, daga 1993-1995, Kosmidis ya koma aikin lauya na 'yan watanni, kafin ya yi ritaya daga shari'a gaba ɗaya.

## Ayyukan gwamnati
Bayan zaben 1993, Ministan Kasuwanci Costas Simitis ya nada Kosmidis a matsayin Babban Sakatariyar Ma'aikatar Kasuwanci. Ya rike wannan mukamin na tsawon shekaru biyu, kafin ya koma aikin lauya. Bayan ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya na wasu 'yan watanni, an sake daukar shi, a wannan lokacin ya zama Babban Sakatariyar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Jama'a. Bayan watanni bakwai, duk da haka, sabon Firayim Minista Costas Simitis ya nada shi Babban Sakatariyar Gwamnati, matsayin da ya rike na tsawon shekaru takwas. 

## Manazarta
Charles Count

**Charles Counts** (1934–2000) ɗan ƙasar Amurka ne mai tukwane, mai zane, mai zane a masana'antar yadi, mai gyaran gashi, malami, marubuci, kuma mai fafutuka. Counts ya yi aiki don kiyaye fasahar ƙasarsa ta Appalachia, daga baya ya koma Najeriya inda ya koyar har zuwa mutuwarsa.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Counts a Lynch, Kentucky .  Kakanni Charles wasu daga cikin farkon mazauna Russell County, Virginia ne, waɗanda suka fito daga John & Mary Counts na Glade Hollow, VA 1789. Iyayensa su ne Arthur Richard Counts da Erma Colley Counts.  Ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Oak Ridge, Tennessee a 1944.  Counts ya kammala karatunsa daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Oak Ridge a 1952 kuma ya kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Berea, Kentucky.  Tun daga 1893 Kwalejin Berea ta tallafa wa sana'o'in gargajiya na Appalachian kuma tana kula da bita waɗanda ke koyar da fasaha da samar da kayan sana'a.  Dalibai suna da damar yin nazarin fasaha, koyon dabarun gargajiya da kuma samun kuɗin karatunsu.  Counts ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin tukwane da saka a Jami'ar Kudancin Illinois, Carbondale, a 1957,  sannan ya yi karatu a ƙarƙashin ƙwararren tukwane da Bauhaus ya horar, Marguerite Wildenhain a Pond Farm a Guerneville, California.  Ya kuma yi aiki mai zurfi a fannin fasahar yumbu a Jami'ar Kudancin California a ƙarƙashin Carlton Ball da Susan Peterson. 

## Farkon aikina
Bayan shekaru biyu a rundunar sojin Amurka, [1] Counts ya koma yankin Oak Ridge, Tennessee a shekarar 1959 ya kuma buɗe tukwane a Beaver Ridge . [2] A shekarar 1963, Counts ya ƙaura da aikinsa zuwa Lookout Mountain, Georgia. [3] Wani ƙaramin mazaunin masu fasaha ya taso a New Salem Community kusa da Rising Fawn, Georgia. [4] Ƙungiyar masu fasaha ta samar da wurin da masu tattarawa suka fi mayar da hankali kuma suka ba da gudummawa ga nasarar tattalin arziki na masu fasaha da masu sana'a da ke zaune a yankin. An shirya wani taron shekara-shekara, Plum Nelly Clothesline Crafts Fair, a Rising Fawn ta hanyar wani mai yin bugu a cikin al'ummar mai zane. Charles Counts ya sami tallafin tarayya don shirin koyon yumbu ga mutanen yankin a ɗakin su, The Pottery Shop. Wannan shiga cikin al'umma ya haifar da haɗin gwiwa da ƙungiyar masu yin barguna na gargajiya na gida, The Rising Fawn Quilters. [5] Masana tarihi sun yi nuni da cewa yumbu da saka tare da Motsin Komawa Ƙasa na shekarun 60 da 70 sun yi tasiri sosai kan ci gaban barguna na studio. [6]

## Manazarta
Abu Bakr al-Nasr

**Abu Bakr al-Nasr**, mai suna L'Égyptien, ɗan jihadi ne na Masar wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin sarkin ƙungiyar jihadi ta Mali Al-Mourabitoun daga kafuwarta a 2013 har zuwa mutuwarsa a 2014.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi al-Nasr a Misira a ranar da ba a sani ba. Ya shiga cikin yakin da aka yaƙi a Afghanistan yana yaƙi da Taliban. A shekara ta 2011, ya gudu zuwa Libya lokacin da Yaƙin basasar Libya ya ɓarke kuma ya kafa sansanin horo ga al-Qaeda a Benghazi .  al-Nasr ya sadu da Mokhtar Belmokhtar a farkon shekara ta 2011 a Libya, an dauke shi zuwa arewacin Mali tare da shi inda Belmokhtar ya kasance shugaban wani katiba na Al-Qaeda a cikin Maghreb na Musulunci. A ƙarshen 2012, al-Nasr ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsara rikicin garkuwa na In Amenas wanda ya faru a watan Janairun 2013 a Aljeriya.

A ranar 22 ga watan Agusta, 2013, Ahmed al-Tilemsi da Belmokhtar sun ba da sanarwar haɗuwa tsakanin Movement for Oneness da Jihad a Yammacin Afirka (MOJWA) da ƙungiyar Blood Signatories. Sun ba da jagorancin sabon rukuni, wanda ake kira Al-Mourabitoun, ga wani mutum da ba a san sunansa ba.

Sojojin Faransa ne suka kashe al-Nasr tsakanin Afrilu 10 da 11, 2014, kudu da Timetrine .  A cewar hukumomin Mali, an kashe al-Nasr a wannan dare a cikin harbi da sojojin Faransa, wanda ya bar masu jihadi bakwai sun mutu. Sojojin Faransa sun tabbatar a watan Mayu cewa al-Nasr shine shugaban al-Mourabitoun, wanda ba a san shi ba a baya. Hukumomi sun yi zargin cewa an zabi al-Nasr don jagorantar motsi saboda asalinsa a cikin ƙungiyoyin jihadi na duniya, da kuma ikirarinsa na sanin sarkin al-Qaeda Ayman al-Zawahiri. Daga baya, al-Nasr na iya zama matsakanci tsakanin Belmokhtar da al-Zawahiri.

## Manazarta
Arthur da Hilda Coriz

**Arthur da Hilda Coriz** ma'aikatan tukwane ne na 'yan asalin Amurka daga Santo Domingo Pueblo (wanda yanzu ake kira Kewa Pueblo ), New Mexico, Amurka .  Sun sanya hannu kan tukwanen su a matsayin "Arthur da Hilda Coriz."

## Tarihin farko
Hilda Coriz (wacce aka haifa a Hilda Tenorio; 1949–2007) 'yar'uwa ce ga Robert Tenorio, wanda ya lashe kyautar tukwane, kuma ta fara yin tukwane da ƙarfafa gwiwa daga ɗan'uwanta.

Arthur Coriz (1948–1998) ya fara koyo game da tukwane a shekarar 1975, bayan ya kalli matarsa Hilda da ɗan'uwanta Robert. 

## Sana'a
Lokacin da suka fara aiki, Arthur da Hilda za su yi tukwane yayin da Robert zai yi zane-zanen ado da kuma yin zane. Cikin shekaru biyu, Arthur ya fara zane tukwane don kansa da matarsa Hilda. Daga ƙarshe suka zama masu aikin tukwane na cikakken lokaci, inda suka lashe kyaututtuka da dama a Kasuwar Indiya ta Santa Fe tsakanin 1983-1998. Sun halarci nune-nunen a Kasuwar Indiya ta Santa Fe da kuma Nunin Fasaha da Sana'o'i na Arewacin Indiya guda takwas na Pueblos .

Ma'auratan Coriz sun yi tukwane ta amfani da hanyoyin gargajiya na masu tukwane na Santo Domingo. Sun yi amfani da yumbu na halitta kawai da shukar kudan zuma ta Dutsen Rocky, wacce aka fi sani da alayyafo na daji, da zuma don yin fenti baƙi. Tare suka yi tukwane na gargajiya na polychrome, kwano, kwano na kullu, da kuma kantuna. Tsarin Arthur da Hilda da suka fi so sun haɗa da tsuntsaye, gajimare, furanni da dabbobi kamar barewa da tumakin babban ƙaho . Sun sanya hannu kan tukwanensu a matsayin "Arthur da Hilda Coriz."

## Manazarta

* Peaster, Lillian - Iyalan Pottery na Pueblo. Bugu na 2. 2003.
* Schaaf, Gregory - Kamfanin Pottery na Kudancin Pueblo: Tarihin Rayuwar Mawaki 2,000. 2002.
* Trimble, Stephen - Tattaunawa da yumbu: Fasahar Tukwane ta Pueblo. 1987.
Mary Elizabeth Cook

**Mary Elizabeth Cook**, wacce aka fi sani da **Mae** ko **May Elizabeth Cook**, 'yar Amurka ce da aka fi sani da ayyukanta na sassaka da na yumbu.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Cook a Chillicothe, Ohio, ga Anna Sappington Cook da William Alexander Cook. Mahaifinta mai kuɗi ne kuma shugaban banki, kuma an ƙarfafa Cook ta bi sha'awarta ga fasaha da kiɗa. 

Sau da yawa tana yin zane-zane da sassaka abubuwa da mutanen da ta ga suna da ban sha'awa, kuma ta shafe lokaci mai tsawo tana yin zane da launi. Baya ga fasaharta ta ƙware wajen buga piano kuma tana da shekaru 10 tana yin waƙoƙin duet tare da likitan danginta, wanda ya buga goge. 

Mahaifin Cook ya mutu lokacin da take da shekaru 6, kuma iyalinta suka ƙaura zuwa Columbus, Ohio. 

## Sana'a

### Zane-zane
A farkon shekarun 1900, Cook ta koyar da sassaka a Makarantar Fasaha ta Columbus . A lokaci guda, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai tsara littattafai da mai tsarawa a Roseville Pottery, kodayake babu wani rikodin da ya rage wanda ya nuna layukan tukwane da ta shiga ko tsawon lokacin da ta yi aiki da kamfanin. [1]

A shekarar 1910, tana da shekaru 46, ta yi rajista a Jami'ar Jihar Ohio kuma ita ce mace ta farko da ta yi karatu a kwas ɗin injiniyan yumbu na Edward Orton Jr., duk da haka ba a ba ta digiri ba saboda jinsi. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris, Faransa, kuma ta yi karatun sassaka a ƙarƙashin Paul Wayland Bartlett . 

## Manazarta
Kenneth W. Freeman

**Kenneth W. Freeman** tsohon shugaban kasuwanci ne kuma shugaban jami'a na Amurka. A da shi ne Shugaba na Quest Diagnostics da Masonite International . Daga watan Agusta na 2023 zuwa Yuli na 2024, ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riƙo na Jami'ar Boston . 

## Sana'a

### Kasuwanci
Ya kammala karatunsa a Jami'ar Bucknell da Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Harvard, Freeman ya fara aikinsa da Corning Glass Works a shekarar 1972. Ya riƙe muƙamai da dama na lissafi, iko, da kuɗi a kamfanin.  Ya yi aiki har zuwa matsayin mai kula da kamfanoni kuma a shekarar 1985, aka ba shi ƙarin muƙamin mataimakin shugaban ƙasa.  Shekaru biyu bayan haka aka naɗa shi babban mataimakin shugaban ƙasa.  A shekarar 1990 aka naɗa shi babban jami'in gudanarwa na Corning Asahi Video.  A shekarar 1993 aka naɗa shi jami'in bambancin ra'ayi na Corning wanda ke kula da ɗaukar 'yan tsiraru da sauran batutuwan ma'aikata. 

A shekarar 1995, an naɗa Freeman a matsayin shugaban kamfanin Corning Clinical Labs kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa.  A ranar 31 ga Disamba, 1996, an kafa kamfanin Corning Clinical Labs zuwa wani kamfani mai zaman kansa da aka sani da Quest Diagnostics .  Ya ci gaba da kasancewa tare da kamfanin har zuwa 2004, lokacin da Surya Mohapatra ya gaje shi. 

A shekarar 2005, ya shiga Kohlberg Kravis Roberts a matsayin babban darakta.  Ya kuma yi aiki a kwamitin kula da harkokin kamfanin, wanda ke kula da harkokin kamfanin.  An nada shi shugaba kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na Masonite International bayan da kamfanin KKR ya sayi kamfanin. A shekarar 2006 ya zama shugaban zartarwa na Accellent Inc. 

### Ilimi
A shekara ta 2010, Freeman ya zama farfesa Allen Questrom kuma shugaban makarantar gudanarwa ta Jami'ar Boston . Daga baya ya ƙare aikinsa a matsayin shugaban jami'a, amma ya ci gaba da aiki a matsayin shugaban jami'a kuma farfesa a fannin aiki a Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Questrom .

Daga Afrilu 2020 zuwa Agusta 2021, Freeman ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban riƙo na Jami'ar Boston kan albarkatun ɗan adam, kuma daga 2021 zuwa 2022 ya kasance mataimakin shugaban riƙo na ƙasa kuma mataimakin shugaban shirye-shirye na kan layi. A ranar 1 ga Agusta, 2023, ya zama shugaban riƙo na Jami'ar Boston, bayan ritayar shugaban ƙasa Robert Brown .  Daga baya a wannan shekarar, an sanar da cewa Melissa Gilliam za ta gaje shi a matsayin shugaba a watan Yuli 2024. 

Freeman ya kasance memba na kwamitin amintattu na Jami'ar Bucknell tsawon shekaru 18 kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaba daga 2009 zuwa 2018.  A shekarar 2018, ya bayar da gudummawar dala miliyan 25 ga sabuwar Kwalejin Gudanarwa ta Bucknell, wacce aka sake wa suna Kwalejin Gudanarwa ta Kenneth W. Freeman. Wannan shine karo na farko a tarihin jami'ar da aka sanya wa kwaleji suna bayan mutum. 

## Manazarta
Annette Corcoran

**Annette Corcoran** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1930) ƙwararriyar mai fasaha 'yar Amurka ce wacce aka haifa a Inglewood, California . Ta sami digirin BA daga Jami'ar California, Berkeley a shekara ta 1952, sannan ta ci gaba da karatun digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Jihar California, Long Beach, Jami'ar Jihar Polytechnic ta California, Kwalejin Saddleback, da Kwalejin Marin . 

Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai zane-zane na tsawon shekaru 15 kafin ta koma ga yin zane-zanen yumbu. [1] Daga nan ta yi shekaru 25 tana yin tukwanen shayi na yumbu. Duk da cewa asalinsu suna aiki, sun rikide zuwa ayyukan fasaha marasa amfani. [2]

*Anhinga*, a cikin tarin Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Honolulu, ta kasance kamar tukunyar shayinta, wacce galibi ke haɗa tsuntsaye cikin ƙirar. An yi ta ne da faranti da aka gina da hannu, tana amfani da gilashin ƙasa da gilashi mai yawa .  Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Everson (Syracuse, New York), Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Honolulu, Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Gundumar Los Angeles, da Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Ƙasa (Baltimore, Maryland), Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Philadelphia, da Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Racine (Racine, Wisconsin) suna cikin tarin jama'a da Annette Corcoran ke gudanarwa.  

## Majiyoyi

* Corcoran, Annette, *Annette Corcoran, Tsuntsaye da Tukwanen Shayi, 1987 - 1996*, Gidan Tarihi na Dorothy Weiss, 1996

## Manazarta
Abdul Salam (mai shari'a)

**Abdul Salam** ya kasance Alƙali Kotun Koli na Masarautar Musulunci ta Afghanistan a lokacin mulkin Taliban na shekarun 1990. 

## Manazarta