Sheila Ortiz Taylor

**Sheila Ortiz Taylor** (an haife ta a ranar 25 ga Satumba, 1939) marubuciya ce 'yar ƙasar Mexico-Amurka, mawaƙiya, marubuciya, mai sukar rubuce-rubuce, kuma tsohuwar farfesa ce wacce aka haifa a Los Angeles, California.  Ita 'yar Chicana ce kuma ta rubuta littattafai da yawa kamar *Faultline* (1982), *Spring Forward/Fall Back* (1985), *Southbound* (1990), da *Coachella* (1998).  Ortiz Taylor ta fara rubuta waƙoƙi a makarantar sakandare wanda ya samo asali ne daga ƙaunar iyalinta ga fasaha da bayyana ra'ayi. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
An haifi Ortiz Taylor a ranar 25 ga Satumba, 1939, a Los Angeles, California, inda mahaifiyarta, goggonta, da kakarta suka rene ta tare da 'yar uwarta, Sandra Ortiz Taylor.  Iyayenta sune Jack Santay Ortiz, wani mutum ɗan ƙasar Texan daga asalin Irish da Mexico, da Juanita Loretta Ortiz Taylor, wanda asalin Mexico ne.  Iyalin Ortiz Taylor sun rungumi rawar da ba ta dace da jinsi ba. Ortiz Taylor ta sami kwarin gwiwa wajen rubutu da waƙa a makarantar sakandare saboda ƙaunar da iyalinta ke yi wa fasaha a matsayin hanyar bayyana ra'ayi. Rubuce-rubucen Ortiz Taylor sun samo asali ne daga rayuwarta ta sirri, kuma sau da yawa tana amfani da rubutunta don bayyana ji da motsin zuciyarta. Ortiz Taylor da 'yar uwarta, Sandra Ortiz Taylor, mahaifiyarsu ta tallafa musu a cikin sha'awarsu ta mutum ɗaya ko da lokacin da suka ƙi sha'awar mata ta gargajiya kamar kayan shafa, riguna, 'yan tsana, da sauransu.  Kakar Ortiz Taylor ta taimaka mata ta hango adabi da girki a matsayin masu alaƙa. Goggonta, Julia da Thelma, sun shiga cikin ayyukan jinsi da ayyukan da aka keɓe ga maza, wanda hakan ya zaburar da ita game da matsayin jinsi da zaɓin aiki.  Tsarin iyali na Ortiz Taylor wanda ba a saba gani ba ya ba ta kwarin gwiwa ta bi fasaha da adabi a matsayin hanyar bayyana abubuwan da ta fuskanta da kuma ra'ayinta na duniya bayan ta girma a cikin gidan 'yan asalin Mexico-Amurkawa .  Bugu da ƙari, duka Sheila Ortiz Taylor da Sandra Ortiz Taylor sun yi aiki a kan *Imaginary Parents* (1996) a matsayin ƙoƙarin haɗin gwiwa don ƙirƙirar tarihin rayuwar iyali na girma. 

Bayan kammala karatun sakandare, Ortiz Taylor ta yi rajista a Jami'ar California, Los Angeles (UCLA) a matsayin babbar jami'ar Turanci tare da ƙaramin ɗalibi ɗan ƙasar Sipaniya; duk da haka, ba ta kammala karatun digiri na farko ba sai a shekarar 1963.

A shekarar 1958, ta yi aure ta koma Iowa, inda ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatare kuma mataimakiyar ma'aikaciyar jinya ga yara masu nakasa.  Ba da daɗewa ba, ta saki mijinta amma ba ta iya komawa jiharta ba saboda buƙatu da ƙuntatawa game da rikicin kula da 'ya'yansu da tsohon mijinta.  Tsohon mijinta ya yi imanin cewa ba ta cancanci renon 'ya'yansu ba saboda sha'awar jima'i kuma Ortiz Taylor dole ne ya ga likitan ilimin halayyar ɗan adam. 

A shekarar 1960, ta koma Los Angeles ta sake yin rajista a UCLA, inda ta lashe gasar Mabel Wilson Richards Fellowship. A shekarar 1961 Ortiz-Taylor ta koma Jami'ar Jihar California, Northridge, kuma ta kammala karatunta da girmamawa da kuma digirin farko a Turanci a shekarar 1963 kuma aka nada ta a matsayin ɗalibi mai ƙwarewa a Harshe da Adabi.  Bayan ta shafe lokacin bazara a Turai, Ortiz Taylor ta koma UCLA inda ta sami digirin digiri na biyu a shekarar 1964 da kuma digirin digirgir a shekarar 1972. 

Lokacin da Ortiz Taylor ta fara rubuta *Faultline* (1982), da farko ta sami kwarin gwiwa daga rayuwarta, wanda ya shafi tsohon mijinta da kuma gaskiyar cewa 'ya'yansu za su girma a gidan 'yan madigo. Ana yaba mata sosai a aikinta kuma ana amfani da ita a matsayin wurin tunawa a cikin nazarin Chicano game da jinsi da jima'i.  Yawancin ayyukanta sun kasance a matsayin marubuciya, amma kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin farfesa a Turanci.  An dauki *Faultline* a matsayin littafin farko na 'yan madigo na Chicana da aka buga.  Wannan yanayin danganta abubuwan da ta fuskanta da littattafanta ya kasance a cikin littafinta, *Southbound* inda ta fadada asalin ƙabilarta da al'adun Chicano. 

## Manazarta