Sarah E. Anderson

**Sarah Elizabeth Nelson Anderson** (Janairu 30, 1853 - Disamba 22, 1900) ta kasance memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Utah . Shekara guda kawai kafin zaben ta, a shekara ta 1895, The Ogden Daily Standard ta bayyana ta a matsayin "ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun mata a Ogden City da Weber County. " Labarin ya kuma ambaci ƙarfinta, na tunani da na jiki. Ta kalubalanci Charles Tyree, mai rajista na Odgen City, wanda ya ki yin rajista da ita a matsayin mai jefa kuri'a saboda Dokar Edmunds-Tucker . An kai gardamar ta Kotun Koli ta yankin, inda ta rasa. Wannan bai canza sha'awarta ta samun murya a cikin gwamnati ba. A shekara ta 1896 ta shiga Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Utah ta biyu a matsayin daya daga cikin mata uku da za a zaba a can. A lokacin da take aiki ta kasance Shugabar Kwamitin Majalisar kan Lafiyar Jama'a. Ta rubuta takardun kudi, babu wani daga cikinsu da ya zama doka.

## Rayuwar farko da iyali
An haifi Anderson a ranar 30 ga Janairu, 1853, a gundumar Weber, Utah, ga iyayenta David Nelson da Sarah Brown. A lokacin rasuwarta an saka sunayen 'yan'uwa maza biyu masu suna CA Nelson da Wm. L. Wilson da kuma ɗan'uwansu JH Nelson da 'yar'uwarsu Mrs. HL Griffin. 

Tana da shekaru 17, ta auri Dr. Porter L. Anderson kuma ta haifi 'ya'ya biyar tare da shi har zuwa mutuwarsa a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1888.   Ta kasance bazawara bayan shekaru 18 na aure,  an bar ta ta haifi 'ya'ya biyar. Sunayensu kamar haka; Lee Anderson, Mrs. Alta Anderson Costello, Dewey Anderson, Miss Maud da Florence.  A cikin wani labarin da ya fito a cikin *Salt Lake Tribune,* an ruwaito cewa rayuwarta a gida tare da 'ya'yanta ta mamaye mafi yawan lokacinta. 

## Aikin siyasa

### Yarjejeniyar 'yancin mata
Shekara guda kafin mutuwar mijinta, Majalisa ta zartar da Dokar Edmunds-Tucker, wadda daga cikin ƙuntatawa da yawa kuma ta hana mata ' yancin yin zaɓe. A shekarar 1894, Majalisa ta zartar da Dokar Mai Ba da Dama, ta ba Utah damar gabatar da buƙatar zama jiha, ta amince da kundin tsarin mulki, da kuma zaɓar jami'an jiha. Sashe na 4 na Dokar Mai Ba da Dama bai fayyace cewa an hana mata 'yancin kaɗa ƙuri'a don amincewa da kundin tsarin mulkin jihar ba; ta yi amfani da kalmar "masu zaɓen da suka cancanta na jihar da aka gabatar." A baya a Sashe na 2, ya fi bayyana a fili wajen ambaton cancantar da ya kamata a yi amfani da ita don ƙuri'ar amincewa kamar yadda aka yi da zaɓen wakilai, tare da sanya maza a cikin jerin waɗanda suka cancanta. Bugu da ƙari, Sashe na 19 ya bayyana cewa za a iya zaɓen jami'an gwamnatin jiha a lokacin ƙuri'ar amincewa kuma bai ambaci wata cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a ba. Wace cancanta ake buƙata ta zo cikin tambaya kuma mata suka fara neman a yi musu rijista don kaɗa ƙuri'a. Hukumar Utah, wacce ƙungiya ce da gwamnatin tarayya ta naɗa, an ba ta aikin yin jerin sunayen masu zaɓe da suka yi rijista. Ba tare da son fassara dokar ba kuma su fuskanci suka, sun ba da shawarar a lissafa dukkan mata a cikin jerin sunayen daban domin a iya korar su cikin sauƙi idan ana buƙata. Duk da haka, Hukumar Utah a ƙarshe ba ta yanke wannan shawara ba saboda a ranar 6 ga Agusta, 1895, Anderson ta yi amfani da wannan tushe don zuwa wurin mataimakin magatakarda na yankin Charles Tyree don yin rijista a matsayin mai zaɓe. Tyree ta ƙi amincewa da ƙararta. Ta yi nasarar ƙalubalantar wannan ƙin yin rijistar ta a matsayin mai zaɓe ta hanyar jayayya kan shari'arta a Kotun Gunduma.  

Alkali HW Smith ya yanke hukunci a kanta, inda ya ba mata damar kaɗa ƙuri'a don amincewa da su da kuma jami'an gwamnati. Lauyoyi da dama masu daraja sun taimaka mata wajen samun nasara, ciki har da Franklin S. Richards, Samuel R. Thurman, da HP Henderson. Tyree, tare da taimakon lauya mai suna Arthur Brown, ta ɗaukaka ƙara zuwa Kotun Ƙoli ta yankin, inda Anderson ya sha kaye a ƙarshe.   Alƙalai biyu daga cikin uku sun amince cewa Dokar Ƙarfafawa ba ta bai wa mata damar kada ƙuri'a ta amincewa da sabon kundin tsarin mulkin jihar ko ga jami'an jihar ba, kuma Anderson ta sha kaye a shari'arta. Alkali William H. King ya bayar da ra'ayin da bai dace ba.  Mata da yawa sun janye daga siyasa sakamakon hukuncin Kotun Ƙoli, amma Anderson ya ci gaba. Sabon kundin tsarin mulkin Utah ya ƙunshi iyakokin da ke ba wa mata damar samun 'yancin cin gashin kansu. 

### Mai yin doka
Anderson za ta zama ɗaya daga cikin mata na farko da aka zaɓa zuwa majalisar dokoki ta Utah a lokacin zaɓen 1896.  A lokacin da take kan mulki, ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar Kwamitin Lafiyar Jama'a na Majalisar Wakilai, kodayake kaɗan daga cikin kudurorinta sun amince da su.  Ta rubuta kudurori biyu, HB 39 da HB 26. HB 39 ya shafi jami'an 'yan sanda da kwamishinonin kashe gobara. Ba a san ƙarin cikakkun bayanai game da HB 39 ba. Wannan kudiri ya mutu ne saboda mummunan rahoto a kwamitin. HB 26 yana da manufar koyar da sakamakon shan miyagun ƙwayoyi da miyagun ƙwayoyi a makarantu. An kuma soke wannan kudiri, amma an tsara wani kudiri na madadin tare da irin waɗannan tanade-tanaden a cikin dokokin jihar. 

### Abubuwan da ake so a siyasa
Anderson ta himmatu wajen ganin daidaito tsakanin jinsi da mata ya dore. Wata abokiyar aikinta a majalisar dokoki, SA Kenner, ta lura cewa tana da ƙuduri kuma sha'awarta ta siyasa ta kasance mai ƙarfi, tana da tunani da kuma a hankali. A wannan lokacin a lokacin siyasar Anderson, damuwa game da mata da ke shiga siyasa ita ce za su rasa abin da aka sani da fara'a ta mata. Haka kuma, da yake magana game da Anderson da kuma yadda ake tsammanin zai kawar da waɗannan fargabar, ya ce, "Duk da haka ba ta rasa kwanciyar hankalinta mai daɗi da mace ba."  Wani labarin da aka rubuta a cikin *Salt Lake Tribune* a shekarar 1897 ya bayyana ta a matsayin mai karatu sosai kuma mai cikakken bayani game da abubuwan da ke faruwa a yanzu da kuma damuwa.

## Rayuwa daga baya
Anderson ta rasu a ranar 22 ga Disamba, 1900, bayan ta yi rashin lafiya na tsawon makonni uku. Ana sa ran za ta warke gaba ɗaya, sannan kwatsam ta ƙara rauni, ta mutu jim kaɗan bayan haka, 'ya'yanta mata Maud da Florence suna tsakanin shekaru 16 zuwa 18 lokacin da Sarah ta rasu. Jaridar Ogden Standard ta ruwaito rasuwarta, ta kuma ce "Mrs. Sarah Elizabeth Anderson tana ɗaya daga cikin mata mafi shahara da shahara a Ogden City da Weber County. Rayuwarta ta kasance shaida ɗaya mai girma game da nagarta da darajar kanta a matsayinta na mace, mata da uwa; ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin abokai mafi daraja da gaskiya." 

## Nassoshi