Yakin Somaliya 2006-2009

**Yakin Somalia 2006-2009**
Harin da Habasha ta yi wa Somaliya, wanda kuma aka fi sani da mamayar Habasha na Somaliya  ko kuma shigar Habasha a yakin basasar Somaliya, wani rikici ne na makamai wanda ya kasance daga ƙarshen 2006 zuwa farkon 2009. Ya fara ne lokacin da dakarun soja daga Habasha, goyon bayan {asar Amirka, ta mamaye Somaliya, don korar Kotunan Islama (ICU) da kuma kafa gwamnatin wucin gadi (TFG). Rikicin ya ci gaba bayan mamayewar ne a lokacin da tawaye na adawa da Habasha ya kunno kai da sauri.

Shigar sojojin Habasha ya fara ne a matsayin mayar da martani ga karuwar ikon kotunan Islama, wadda ta yi aiki a matsayin gwamnati na gaskiya a yawancin kudancin Somalia a karshen shekara ta 2006. Domin karfafa raunanan 'yan tawayen Habasha da ke samun goyon bayan DFKM, dakaru daga rundunar tsaron kasar Habasha. (ENDF) ya fara tura Somaliya a watan Yunin 2006. Bayan watanni shida a cikin watan Disambar 2006 hadaddiyar kungiyar ENDF/TFG, tare da wata rundunar sojan Amurka ta boye, ta kaddamar da wani hari. cikakken mamayewa domin kifar da kotunan Musulunci. Tsarin kungiyar ICU ya wargaje, sojojin ENDF/TFG sun shiga Mogadishu a cikin kwanakin karshe na Disamba. A farkon shekara ta 2007 an fara and tayar da kayar baya, wanda ya ta'allaka ne a kan sa-kai na hadakar masu biyayya ga kotunan Islama, masu aikin sa kai, 'yan sa-kai, da kungiyoyin 'yan kishin Islama daban-daban, wadanda daga karshe Al-Shabaab ta dauki muhimmin aiki. A daidai wannan lokaci ne kungiyar tarayyar Afrika AU ta kafa rundunar wanzar da zaman lafiya ta AMISOM, inda ta aike da dubban sojoji zuwa kasar Somaliya domin karfafa wa dakarun gwamnatin wucin gadi da kuma ENDF da aka yi wa kawanya. Kungiyar 'yan tawayen Somaliya (ARS), wacce ta gaji ICU, ta kara tunzura 'yan tawayen Islama da shiga yakin.

A cikin shekaru biyun da suka biyo baya, ENDF, da gwamnatin rikon kwarya da kuma AMISOM, sun yi kaurin suna wajen gwagwarmayar gwagwarmayar tada kayar baya, wanda ya kai ga gudun hijirar kusan mutane miliyan daya daga Mogadishu. Masu fashin teku a gabar tekun Somalia, wadanda a baya ICU suka murkushe su, ya yawaita sosai. A karshen 2007, sojojin ENDF sun durkushe kuma suna fuskantar yakin gaba da yawa ba tare da fatan samun nasara ba. Yayin da aka gwabza kazamin fada a Mogadishu, mahara sun kaddamar da hare-hare a kudanci da tsakiyar kasar Somaliya a karshen shekara ta 2007 da 2008, inda suka sake kwato yankunan da ICU ta bata a baya. A shekara ta 2008, Al-Shabaab ta fara karbe iko da wasu muhimman yankuna na kudancin Somaliya tare da fara gudanar da mulki a karon farko Mamaya na sojojin Habasha ya lalace,kuma ya zuwa kaka 2008, fiye da kashi 80% na yankin da ICU ta yi hasarar a lokacin mamayewa ne 'yan tawaye suka sake kwacewa. Ya zuwa watan Nuwamba, 'yan tawayen sun yi nasara sosai. A watan Disamba na 2008, gwamnatin wucin gadi tana da iko a wasu sassan Mogadishu da birnin Baidoa kawai.A wannan watan ne shugaban gwamnatin rikon kwarya Abdullahi Yusuf ya yi murabus bayan da ya bayyana cewa ya rasa iko da kasar Somaliya saboda ‘yan tawaye. Gwamnatin Habasha da ke marawa baya ta kasance mai rauni kuma tana da rarrabuwar kawuna, saboda rauninta bai canza ba daga jiharta kafin mamayewar.

A ƙarshen 2008, an haɗa ARS cikin gwamnatin wucin gadi a yunƙurin dakatar da tashe tashen hankula da kafa gwamnatin dimokuradiyya mai wakilci. A watan Janairun 2009, an zabi tsohon shugaban kotunan Islama Sharif Sheikh Ahmed a matsayin shugaban kasar Somaliya. A wannan watan ne kungiyar ta ENDF ta janye daga Mogadishu da Somalia, inda ta yi shelar nasara tare da ikirarin kawar da barazanar Musulunci. A lokacin janyewar, duk yankunan da ICU suka rasa a cikin cikakken ma'auni na Disamba 2006 da Janairu 2007, 'yan tawayen Islama sun kwato su,  ciki har da yawancin Mogadishu. Shekaru da dama a cikin yakin basasa na yanzu, Habasha ta sake shiga tare da shiga cikin AMISOM a shekara ta 2014 don magance ci gaban Al-Shabaab.

## Manazarta