Abu Omar al-Baghdadi

**Hamid Dawud Mohamed Khalil al-Zawi** (      ;1959 - 18 Afrilun shekarar 2010), wanda aka sani da **Abu Hamza al-Baghdadi** da **Abu Omar al-Qurashi al-Baghdadi**   ( /ˈɑː b uː ) ˈ oʊ mɑːr _ ku l bɑːɡˈdɑːd i / _ _ _ _ (  / ) AH, -boo OH -mar ahl bahg- DAHD -ee ), shi ne shugaban kungiyar gwagwarmayar Mujahideen Shura Council    da magajinsa, Islamic State of Iraq, wadda ta yaki sojojin Amurka da kuma abokansu na Iraqi a yakin Iraqi.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Abu Omar Hamid Dawud Muhammad Khalil al-Zawi a shekara ta 1959 a kauyen Al-Zawiyah, kusa da Haditha a cikin Al-Anbar Governorate . Ya kuma fito daga Quraisha Al-Arajiyah. Ya kuma kammala makarantar ‘yan sanda a Bagadaza kuma ya kuma yi aikin ‘yan sanda a Hadiza. A shekarar 1993, an kore shi daga aikin ‘yan sanda saboda akidar Salafawa. Bayan ya bar aikin ‘yan sanda, ya yi aiki a wani shagon gyaran kayan lantarki kuma ya zama limamin masallacin al-Asaf.   

Bayan mamayar da Amurka ta yi wa Iraki a shekara ta 2003 ya kafa wata karamar kungiyarsa ta masu tayar da kayar baya tare da shiga cikin rikicin Iraki . 

A wani lokaci, an kama shi bayan da sojojin Amurka suka bincike gidansa bisa zarginsa da garkuwa da mayakan Larabawa na kasashen waje. An dauke shi zuwa tashar jirgin saman Al Asad kuma an bincika kwamfutarsa.

Ya yi mubaya'a ga Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad bayan ganawa da Abu Muhammad al-Lubnani da Abu Anas al-Shami . Ana nan Abu Omar ya tafi ta hanyar kunya 'Abu Mahmud'.

Wani sanannen abin da ya faru dangane da Abu Umar shi ne lokacin da yake tafiya daga Hadiza zuwa Bagadaza a mota tare da iyalansa. A gabansa akwai wata motar rakiyar ‘yan bindiga da ke binciken hanyar don duba ko akwai shingayen binciken ababen hawa na Amurka. Bayan motar rakiyar ta tashi, akwai shingen binciken da ya tsaya a kan titin ya tilasta masa shiga cikin birnin Hit domin dubawa. Daya daga cikin masu gadin ne ya bukaci ya nuna masa katin shaida, sannan ya gabatar da katin shaida na Al-Arajiah. Sai sojan ya yi mamaki ya zaci Abu Umar dan shi'a ne . Sai ya ce masa, Sayyid ta yaya za ka zo wurin nan, kasancewar wadannan wuraren cike suke da ’yan ta’adda, kuma idan sun san kai sai su kashe ka. Ya ce masa akwai labari daga Hadiza cewa akwai wani babban dan ta’adda da ya bar Hadiza tare da rakiyar iyalansa, kuma ya nufi gabas, kuma dole ne a binciki duk motocin. Bai binciki motar Abu Omar ba, ya shaidawa Amurkawa cewa babu bukatar a bincike shi. Abu Omar aka barshi ya bar shingen binciken.

Bayan aikin da ya yi a Anbar, an mayar da shi Bagadaza inda ya yi aiki a Majalisar Shura da Majalisar Shari'ah ta kungiyar. kunyarsa a lokacin shi ne Abu-Marwah. Ya kuma kasance mai kula da harkokin tsaro a lardin Bagadaza na wani dan lokaci. Bayan haka, ya zama gwamnan Diyala na kungiyar.

## Rikici kan ainihi
A cikin watan Yuli na shekarar 2007, kakakin sojojin Amurka Birgediya Janar Kevin Bergner, ya yi iƙirarin cewa Abu Omar al-Baghdadi ba ya wanzu, kuma a zahiri wani tsoho ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Iraqi ne ya karanta duk bayanan nasa na sauti.  

Wanda ake tsare da shi mai suna Khaled al-Mashhadani, wanda ya ayyana kansa a matsayin mai shiga tsakani ga Osama bin Laden, ya yi iƙirarin cewa al-Baghdadi wani hali ne na almara da aka kirkira don ba da fuskar Iraqi ga wata ƙungiyar da ke karkashin ikon kasashen waje.  A cikin watan Maris na shekara ta 2008, mai magana da yawun wata kungiyar masu tayar da kayar baya, Hamas-Iraq, shi ma ya yi ikirarin cewa al-Baghdadi kage ne da kungiyar Al-Qaeda ta yi don dora fuskar Iraki a kan kungiyarsu.  Sai dai daga baya jami'an sojin Amurka sun yi imanin cewa wani kwamanda na gaske ne ya mayar da *matsayin* al-Baghdadi. 

## Rahoton kama ko mutuwa
Ma'aikatar cikin gidan Iraki ta yi ikirarin cewa an kama al-Baghdadi a Bagadaza a ranar 9 ga watan Maris na shekarar 2007,  amma daga baya aka ce wanda ake magana ba shi ba ne.  A ranar 3 ga watan Mayun shekarar 2007, ma'aikatar cikin gidan Iraki ta ce sojojin Amurka da na Iraki sun kashe al-Baghdadi a arewacin Bagadaza.  A ranar 23 ga watan Afrilun shekarar 2009, AFP ta ruwaito cewa sojojin Iraki sun kama shi,  kuma a ranar 28 ga watan Afrilu gwamnatin Iraki ta fitar da hotuna don tabbatar da hakan ga masu shakka. Kungiyar Islamic State in Iraq ta musanta wannan da'awar  wanda a cewar Cibiyar SITE ta fitar da faifan al-Baghdadi yana musanta ikirarin gwamnati. Gwamnatin Iraqi ta ci gaba da dagewa cewa mutumin da aka kama shi ne Baghdadi,  amma an fitar da kaset da sakonni daga Baghdadi a cikin shekarar  2009 da 2010.  

## Mutuwa
A ranar 18 ga watan Afrilun shekarar 2010, an kashe al-Baghdadi lokacin da wani harin hadin gwiwa na sojojin Amurka da na Iraki suka kai hari a wani gida  kudu maso yammacin Tikrit . An kuma kashe ministan yakin ISI Abu Ayyub al-Masri da dan al-Baghdadi a harin tare da kama wasu 16. 

Firayim Ministan Iraki Nouri al-Maliki ya sanar da kashe al-Baghdadi da al-Masri a wani taron manema labarai a Bagadaza tare da nuna wa manema labarai hotunan gawarwakinsu. "Dakarun kasa ne suka kai harin, wadanda suka kewaye gidan, da kuma ta hanyar amfani da makamai masu linzami", in ji al-Maliki. Al-Maliki ya kara da cewa, "A yayin aikin, an kama kwamfutoci dauke da sakwannin imel da sakonni zuwa ga manyan 'yan ta'adda biyu, Osama bin Laden da [mataimakinsa] Ayman al-Zawahiri ". Kwamandan sojojin Amurka Gen. Raymond Odierno ya yaba da aikin. "Mutuwar wadannan 'yan ta'adda na iya zama mafi muni ga al-Qaida a Iraki tun farkon tashin hankalin", in ji shi. "Har yanzu da sauran aiki amma wannan wani gagarumin ci gaba ne na kawar da Iraki daga 'yan ta'adda".

Mataimakin shugaban kasar Joe Biden ya ce kashe-kashen "mai yiyuwa yin barna" ga kungiyar ta'addanci a can da kuma tabbatar da cewa jami'an tsaron Iraki na samun galaba.    A ranar 25 ga watan Afrilun shekarar 2010 ne aka wallafa wani bayani mai shafi hudu na kungiyar Da'esh ta kasar Iraki a wani shafin yanar gizo na 'yan ta'adda da safiyar Lahadin da ta gabata ta tabbatar da mutuwar al-Masri da Al-Baghdadi, yana mai cewa: "Bayan doguwar tafiya mai cike da sadaukarwa da yaki da karya da ta wakilai, mahara biyu sun sauka domin shiga kungiyar shahidai,” in ji sanarwar. "Muna shelanta cewa al'ummar musulmi sun rasa biyu daga cikin jagororin jihadi, da biyu daga cikin mutanenta, wadanda ba a san su ba a matsayin jarumai a tafarkin jihadi." Ministan sharia na ISI, Abu al-Walid Abd al-Wahhab al-Mashadani, ya ce shugabannin biyu na halartar wani taro ne a lokacin da sojojin makiya suka fafata da su tare da kai farmaki ta sama kan inda suke. 

Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi ne ya gaje shi, wanda ya zama halifan Daular Musulunci ta Iraki da Levant (ISIL). 

## Duba kuma

* Afrilu 23, 2009 'Yan kunar bakin wake na Iraki
* Abu Suleiman al-Nasar

## Manazarta


## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje