Nancy Reagan

Nancy Davis Reagan (an haife ta Anne Frances Robbins; 6 ga Yuli, 1921 - 6 ga Maris, 2016) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka wacce ta kasance Uwargidan shugaban Amurka daga 1981 zuwa 1989.[lower-alpha 1] Ita ce matar ta biyu ta Ronald Reagan, shugaban Amurka na 40.

An haifi Reagan a Birnin New York. Bayan iyayenta sun rabu, ta zauna a Maryland tare da kawunta da kawunta na tsawon shekaru shida. Lokacin da mahaifiyarta ta sake yin aure a 1929, sai ta koma Chicago kuma mijinta na biyu ya karbe ta. A matsayinta na Nancy Davis, ta kasance 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hollywood a cikin shekarun 1940 da 1950, tana fitowa a fina-finai kamar The Next Voice You Hear... , Dare zuwa Safiya, da kuma kwakwalwar Donovan. A shekara ta 1952, ta auri Ronald Reagan, wanda a lokacin shi ne shugaban kungiyar Screen Actors Guild. Yana da 'ya'ya biyu daga aurensa na baya ga Jane Wyman, [1] kuma shi da Nancy suna da' ya'ya biyu tare. Nancy Reagan ita ce uwargidan California lokacin da mijinta ya kasance gwamna daga 1967 zuwa 1975, kuma ta fara aiki tare da Shirin Tsofaffi na Foster .

Reagan ta zama Uwargidan Shugaban Amurka a watan Janairun 1981, bayan nasarar mijinta a Zaben shugaban kasa na 1980. Da farko a cikin wa'adinsa na farko, an soki ta musamman saboda yanke shawara don maye gurbin Fadar White House, wanda aka biya ta hanyar gudummawa masu zaman kansu, da kuma karɓar tufafi kyauta daga masu zanen kayan ado. Ta goyi bayan adawa da Amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi na nishaɗi lokacin da ta kafa kamfen ɗin wayar da kan jama'a game da miyagun kwayoyi "Just Say No", an yi la'akari da babban aikinta a matsayin Uwargidan Shugaban kasa, kodayake ta sami zargi mai yawa don nuna rashin amincewa da al'ummomin matalauta da cutar crack ta shafa. Ƙarin tattaunawa game da rawar da ta taka ya biyo baya bayan wahayi na 1988 cewa ta tuntubi wani masanin taurari don taimakawa wajen tsara jadawalin shugaban bayan yunkurin kisan mijinta a 1981. Gabaɗaya tana da tasiri mai ƙarfi ga mijinta kuma ta taka rawa a cikin wasu ma'aikatansa da yanke shawara na diflomasiyya.

Ma'auratan sun koma gidansu a Bel Air, Los Angeles, California, bayan sun bar Fadar White House. Reagan ta ba da mafi yawan lokacinta don kula da mijinta, wanda aka gano yana da Cutar Alzheimer a shekarar 1994, har zuwa mutuwarsa yana da shekaru 93 a ranar 5 ga Yuni, 2004. Reagan ta ci gaba da aiki a cikin Reagan Library da kuma siyasa, musamman don tallafawa binciken ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwa, har zuwa mutuwarta daga gazawar zuciya a shekara 94 a cikin 2016. Ta sami babban amincewa a rayuwarta ta baya saboda sadaukarwarta ga mijinta a cikin rashin lafiyarsa ta ƙarshe.

 

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Anne Frances Robbins a Manhattan a ranar 6 ga Yuli, 1921, amma a duk rayuwarta ta gaya wa wasu cewa an haife ta a 1923. Iyayenta sun yi amfani da mai sayar da mota Kenneth Robbins da kuma 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Edith Luckett. Yar wasan kwaikwayo Alla Nazimova ita ce mahaifiyarta. An ba ta suna Anne bayan kakarta, amma mahaifiyarta ta kira ta "Nancy" har sai wannan ya zama sunan da aka san ta da shi. Robbins ta rayu shekaru biyu na farko a Flushing, wani unguwa a Queens, a cikin wani gida mai hawa biyu a kan Roosevelt Avenue tsakanin tituna 149 da 150. 

Iyayen Robbins sun rabu a 1923 lokacin da mahaifiyarta ta yanke shawarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo kuma ma'auratan ba su iya yarda da inda za su zauna ba. Mahaifinta ya cire kansa daga rayuwarta, kuma mahaifiyarta ta ci gaba da aiki a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo. An sanya Robbins tare da 'yar'uwar mahaifiyarta, Virginia Galbraith, a Bethesda, Maryland, tare da kawunta da dan uwanta. Ta halarci Sidwell Friends School a Washington, DC. Robbins ta rasa mahaifiyarta yayin da take zaune tare da kawunta, kuma sun yi tafiye-tafiye zuwa New York don ta ga mahaifiyarta ta yi a kan mataki. Ta yi koyi da mahaifiyarta ta hanyar sanya kayan shafawa da kuma yin kamar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce. Iyayen Robbins sun kammala saki a shekarar 1928. Binciken rayuwarta daga baya ya mayar da hankali kan wannan yanayin iyali mara daidaituwa a matsayin dalilin da ya sa ta gudanar da aure a matsayin burin rayuwa.  

Mahaifiyar Robbins ta sake yin aure a 1929, ta ba ta mahaifinta yana da shekaru bakwai. Loyal Davis likita ce ta kwakwalwa, kuma iyalin suka koma Chicago tare inda ta kafa kyakkyawar dangantaka da mahaifinta.   Kullum za ta kira shi mahaifinta. Har ila yau, tana da ɗan'uwa amma ba ta haɓaka kyakkyawar dangantaka da shi ba. Ta halarci Makarantar 'yan mata ta Latin a Birnin Chicago, inda ta shiga cikin Drama Club,  wasan hockey, da gwamnatin dalibai. A cikin babban shekarunta, tana da rawar gani a wasan kwaikwayo na makarantar First Lady . 

Kasancewa da likitan kwakwalwa mai arziki a matsayin uba yana nufin ƙuruciya mai kyau inda Robbins ya rayu fiye da yadda yawancin Amurkawa ke rayuwa, kuma iyalin suka taru a cikin manyan al'umma. Ayyukan mahaifiyarta sun kuma nuna cewa Robbins yana da hulɗa na yau da kullun tare da sanannun 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na yau da kullum, musamman tare da abokan danginsu Katharine Hepburn, Walter Huston, da Spencer Tracy. Bangaskiyar mai ra'ayin mazan jiya ta mahaifinta ta kasance mai tasiri sosai a kan siyasarta.

## Hotunan fina-finai
 
A matsayinta na Nancy Davis, ta kuma fito da talabijin da yawa daga 1953 zuwa 1962, a matsayin baƙo a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo ko sassan jerin tarihin. Wadannan sun hada da *Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Ford* Television (bayyanar farko tare da Ronald Reagan ya zo ne a lokacin wani labari na 1953 mai taken "An haife shi na farko"), Schlitz Playhouse of Stars, gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya Zane Grey na Dick Powell (ya bayyana tare da Ronald Reich a cikin shirin 1961 "The Long Shadow"), Wagon Train, The Tall Man, da Janar Electric Theater (wanda Ronald Reagan ya shirya).

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## Ƙarin karantawa

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* Littattafan Gale. "Nancy Reagan" a cikin Gale Literature: Mawallafa na zamani (Gale, 2016) kan layi
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* Ɗan ƙaramin bayani, Laurence *Make-Believe: Labarin Nancy da Ronald Reagan* (Harper, 1983).
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* [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] "Nancy Reagan a cikin ghetto. A sararin samaniya a matsayin matsakanci tsakanin tsari da taron. " InterDisciplines. Jaridar Tarihi da Ilimin Jama'a 7.2 (2016). kan layi An adana shi  
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* H. W. Brands Reagan: The Life (2015) shafi na 743 ya ce "ta rubuta daya daga cikin mafi gaskiya kuma a wasu lokuta masu sukar kansa a tarihin siyasar Amurka na baya-bayan nan". &nbsp;
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## Haɗin waje

* Bayanan Uwargidan Shugaban kasa a WhiteHouse.gov
* Bayani a ɗakin karatu na shugaban kasa na Ronald ReaganRonald Reagan Presidential Library
* Appearancesa kanC-SPAN 
** C-SPAN.org/FirstLady/42/Nancy-Reagan.aspx" id="mwEuc" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Nancy Reagan An adana shi a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba, 2014, a  a C-SPAN's First Ladies: Influence & Image*Mata na farko: Tasiri &amp;amp; Hoto*
* Mata na farko na California An adana shi a ranar 21 ga Maris, 2016, a 
* Nancy DavisaIMDb 
* Nancy Davisa cikinCibiyar Bayanai ta Intanet ta Broadway 
* Nancy ReaganaNeman Kabari 
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