Fernando Botero

**Fernando Botero Angulo** (19 Afrilu 1932 - 15 Satumba 2023)  ƙwararren mai zane ne kuma mai sassaka ɗan ƙasar Colombia.  Salon sa na musamman, wanda aka fi sani da "Boterismo", yana nuna mutane da mutane a cikin babban girma, wanda zai iya wakiltar suka ko barkwanci na siyasa, ya danganta da aikin. An ɗauke shi a matsayin mai zane da aka fi sani kuma aka ambata daga Latin Amurka a rayuwarsa,    kuma ana iya samun fasaharsa a wurare masu matuƙar gani a duniya, kamar Park Avenue a birnin New York da kuma Champs-Élysées a birnin Paris, a lokuta daban-daban. 

Mai suna "mafi fasahar Colombian da ta fi shahara a Colombia",  Botero ya shahara a ƙasa lokacin da ya lashe kyautar farko a Salón de Artistas Colombianos a 1958. Ya fara ƙirƙirar sassaka bayan ya ƙaura zuwa Paris a 1973, inda ya sami karɓuwa a duniya ta hanyar baje kolin kayan tarihi a faɗin duniya a shekarun 1990.   Manyan gidajen tarihi na duniya, kamfanoni, da masu tattara kayayyaki masu zaman kansu suna tattara fasaharsa, wani lokacin ana sayar da ita akan miliyoyin daloli.  A 2012, ya sami kyautar Nasarar Rayuwa a Zane-zane na Zamani ta Cibiyar Zane ta Duniya . 

## Tarihin Rayuwa

### Rayuwar farko
An haifi Fernando Botero a Medellín a ranar 19 ga Afrilu, 1932.  Mahaifinsa, David Botero,  mai sayar da kaya wanda ke tafiya da dawaki, ya mutu lokacin da Fernando ke da shekaru huɗu.  Mahaifiyarsa, Flora Angulo, **** ta yi aiki a matsayin mai dinki don tallafa wa iyalin.  Wani kawu ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwarsa.  Duk da cewa an ware shi daga fasaha kamar yadda aka gabatar a gidajen tarihi da sauran cibiyoyin al'adu, Botero ya sami tasiri daga salon Baroque na majami'un mulkin mallaka da kuma rayuwar birni na Medellín yayin da yake girma. 

Botero ya sami ilimin firamare a Ateneo Antioqueño, kuma godiya ga tallafin karatu, ya ci gaba da karatun sakandare a Makarantar Jesuit ta Bolívar.  A shekara ta 1944, kawun Botero ya tura shi makarantar matadors na tsawon shekaru biyu.  Wasu daga cikin zane-zanensa na baya sun samo asali ne daga yanayin yaƙin bijimai. Ya sayar da zanensa na farko akan pesos biyu, godiya ga wani ɗan kasuwa wanda ya ba shi damar nuna shi a tagar shagonsa.   Ya yi magana da jaridar *Los Angeles Times*, a lokacin wata hira a watan Nuwamba na 2000, kuma ya bayyana cewa ya rasa kuɗin da ya samu don zanen, don haka, 'yan uwansa ba su taɓa yarda da shi ba.  Son da yake yi wa zane-zane tsirara ya haifar da matsala ga iliminsa na Roman Katolika. An kore shi daga makaranta bayan ya kare fasahar Pablo Picasso a cikin wani muƙala.  A shekara ta 1948, Botero yana da shekaru 16 an buga zane-zanensa na farko a cikin ƙarin littafin *El Colombiano* na Lahadi, ɗaya daga cikin jaridu mafi mahimmanci a Medellín. Ya yi amfani da kuɗin da aka biya shi don halartar makarantar sakandare a Liceo de Marinilla de Antioquia. 

### Sana'a
An fara nuna ayyukan Botero a shekarar 1948, a wani wasan kwaikwayo na rukuni tare da sauran masu fasaha daga yankin. [1] Daga 1949 zuwa 1950, Botero ya yi aiki a matsayin mai zane, kafin ya koma Bogotá a 1951. Matashin Botero ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai zane a jarida don tallafawa sha'awarsa ta fasaha kuma kafin ya halarci Kwalejin San Fernando. Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Pérez Miami ya sami hoton rayuwar Botero a farkon aikinsa wanda ke nuna apples, tasirin ƙungiyoyin tarihi na fasaha na Turai da masu zane-zane na ƙarni na 20. [2] Nuninsa na farko na mutum ɗaya an gudanar da shi a Galería Leo Matiz da ke Bogotá, 'yan watanni bayan isowarsa.

A shekarar 1953, Botero ya koma Paris, inda ya shafe mafi yawan lokacinsa a Louvre, yana nazarin ayyukan da ke can. Ya zauna a Florence daga 1953 zuwa 1954, yana nazarin ayyukan masters na Renaissance.  Daga baya a rayuwarsa, ya zauna mafi yawan lokaci a Paris, amma ya shafe wata ɗaya a shekara a garinsu na Medellín. Ya yi nune-nune sama da 50 a manyan biranen duniya, kuma aikinsa ya kai ga sayar da farashi da miliyoyin daloli.  A shekarar 1958, ya lashe bugu na tara na Salón de Artistas Colombianos . 

### MANAZARTA