Yankunan rayuwa na Peru

Lokacin da Mutanen Espanya suka isa, sun raba Peru zuwa manyan yankuna uku: yankin bakin teku (11.6% na Peru), wanda ke da iyaka da Tekun Pacific; tsaunuka (28.1% na Peru), waɗanda ke kan tsaunuka na Andean, da kuma daji, wanda ke kan Amazon Jungle (Yanayin Peru). Amma Javier Pulgar Vidal (es), masanin ilimin ƙasa wanda ya yi nazarin gaskiyar yanayin rayuwa na yankin Peruvian na dogon lokaci, ya ba da shawarar kirkirar yankuna takwas na halitta. A shekara ta 1941, ya gabatar da rubutunsa "Las Ocho Regiones Naturales del Perú" a Babban Taron III na Cibiyar Nazarin Yanayi da Tarihi ta Pan-Amurka.

Wadannan yankuna takwas na Peru sune:

* Chala ko Coast (subtropical bushe da tropical savanna) 
* Yungas
** Kogin Yunga
** Loma-Vegetation
* Quechua
* Suni ko Jalca
* Puna
* Janca
* Rupa - Rupa ko Highland Jungle
* Omagua ko Lowland Jungle

## Misali: Andes 10°S

:: *Dubi kuma Altitudinal zonationYankin tsawo*

### Fassarar gargajiya, gefen Amazon

* Matsayin teku An kiyasta 22 - 24 ° C (75 ° F), amma sanyi Humboldt Current yana haifar da hazo a gefen bakin teku
** An kiyasta 22 - 24 ° C (75 ° F), amma sanyi Humboldt Current yana haifar da hazo a gefen tekun
* Tierra caliente (Ƙasa mai tsawo, mai zafi) har zuwa 2,500 ft (kimanin 750 m - 1,000 m). 
** Amfanin gona: Cocoa, Banana, Sugarcane, Manioc, Sweet Potatoes, Yams. 
* Tierra templada (Ƙasa mai zafi, subtropical) har zuwa 6,000 ft (kimanin 1,850 m - 2,000 m) Watan da ya fi zafi yana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na ƙasa da 22 ° C ko 72 ° F. Amfanin gona: Kofi, Taba, Masara, Coca, Peruvian Pepper (Schinus molle), Avocado, Guave (Psidium guajava), Cherimoya, Plum, 'ya'yan itatuwa na Citrus.&nbsp;
** Watan da ya fi zafi yana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na ƙasa da 22 ° C ko 72 ° F.
** Amfanin gona: Kofi, Taba, Masara, Coca, Peruvian Pepper (Schinus molle), Avocado, Guave (*[[Gwaiba|Psidium guajava]]*), Cherimoya, Plum, 'ya'yan itatuwa na Citrus.
* Tierra fría (*[[Tierra fría|Ƙasa mai sanyi]]*, matsakaici) ƙasa da 12,000 ft (kimanin 3,600 m, itace) Watan da ya fi zafi yana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na ƙasa da 18 ° C ko 64 ° F. Amfanin gona: Potato, Masara, Squash, Passionfruit, Papaya, Peach, Alkama, Rye, da Barley. Kiwon shanu.&nbsp;
** Watan da ya fi zafi yana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na ƙasa da 18 ° C ko 64 ° F.
** Amfanin gona: Potato, Masara, Squash, Passionfruit, Papaya, Peach, Alkama, Rye, da Barley. Kiwon shanu.
* Tierra helada (ƙasa mai sanyi) sama da 12,000 ft (kimanin 3,600 m) Ma'anar bishiyar Coniferae: watan da ya fi zafi yana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na ƙasa da 10 ° C ko 50 ° F). Shuke-shuke sama da layin itace: Quinoa, Cañigua, Mashua, Oca, Tarhui, Broad beans da Ulluco. Kiwon tumaki, Llamas da Alpacas. Biome na Duniya Nau'in 10: Yankin tsaunuka da wuraren da ba su da kyau&nbsp;
** Ma'anar bishiyar Coniferae: watan da ya fi zafi yana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na ƙasa da 10 ° C ko 50 ° F).
** Shuke-shuke sama da layin itace: Quinoa, Cañigua, Mashua, Oca, Tarhui, Broad beans da Ulluco. Kiwon Tumaki, Llamas da Alpacas.
** Biome na Duniya Nau'in 10: Yankin tsaunuka da wuraren da ba su da kyauYankunan ciyawa da shrublands
* Tierra Nevada (Janca), sama da layin dusar ƙanƙara, 15,000 ft (kimanin 4,500 m - 5,000 m) Da zafi fiye da -1 ° C a kan duwatsu ko kawai da zafi fiye da -3 ° C a saman dusar ƙara, matsakaicin zafin shekara-shekara).[1][2][3][4][5]&nbsp;
** Kawai zafi fiye da -1 ° C a kan duwatsu ko kawai zafi fiye da -3 ° C a saman dusar ƙanƙara, matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara).

### Fassarar Javier Pulgar Vidal
Masanin ilimin ƙasa na Peruvian Javier Pulgar Vidal ya raba Peru zuwa yankuna 8 (a al'ada, shi ne costa, sierra da selva):

Taswirar daga Jamhuriyar Peru - Cibiyar Nazarin Kasa

* Chala (Yamma, Tekun Pacific) 0- 500 m
* Omagua (Lowland jungle ko Selva baja, Amazonic rainforest) 80-400 m
* Rupa-Rupa (Dashi mai tsaunuka, Babban daji) 400- 1,000 m
* Yungas (Aymaran don "Warm Lands", Cloud forest) Loma-Vegetation (West, "Yunga bakin teku" a arewacin Peru) 450- 600 m Fluvial Yungas (East, "Yung fluvial") 1,000- 2,300 m
** Loma-Vegetation (Yamma, "Yunga bakin teku" a arewacin Peru) 450- 600 m
** Kogin Yungas (Gabas, "Yunga kogin") 1,000- 2,300 m
* Quechua (Gabas, Kwarin Sama) 2,300-3,500 m
* Suni (ko Jalca ko Sallqa ma, tsaunuka masu tsawo da tsaunuka) 3,500- 4,100 m
* Puna (ma'anar "babban dutse") 4,100- 4,800 m
* Janca (ma'anar fari) sama da 4,800 m, permafrost, duwatsu, dusar ƙanƙara da kankara 

### Bayani

* Biomes & Ecoregions da ke kusa: 

**Kudancin zafi da na subtropical mai laushi**

* Yungas na Bolivia
* Yungas na Peru
* Kudancin yammacin Amazon da ke da ruwan sama

**Yankunan ciyawa da shrublands**

* Tsakiyar Andean bushe puna
* Tsakiyar Andean puna
* Tsakiyar Andean wet puna

**Yankin hamada da shrublands**

* Dajin Atacama
* Sechura Desert

### Bayani na gaba ɗaya - gefen Amazon

* Bakin Kogin Amazon, Tekun Atlantika Belém, Brazil, 24 m, matsakaicin zafin shekara-shekara 26.0 ° C Gurupa várzea (NT0126) [1] Manaus, Brazil, 72 m, matsakaiciyar zafin shekara 26.6 ° C Monte Alegre várzea (NT0141) [2] Purus várzea (NL0156) [3]
** Belém, Brazil, 24 m, matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara 26.0 ° C
** Gurupa várzea (NT0126) 
** Manaus, Brazil, 72 m, matsakaicin zafin shekara-shekara 26.6 ° C
** Monte Alegre várzea (NT0141) 
** Purus várzea (NT0156) 
* Colombia - Peru - iyakar Brazil Leticia, Colombia, 84 m, matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara 25.8 ° C Tierra Caliente ko gandun daji na Tropical Omagua ko Selva baja (Kudancin Yammacin Amazon - NT0166)  Iquitos, Peru, 126 m, matsakaiciyar zafin jiki ta shekara-sheko 26.2 ° C Rupa-Rupa ko Selva alta (Iquitos várzea - NT0128)  Yunga fluvial (fiye 5 ° C sanyi fiye da Peruan Tropics) Peruvian Yungas (NT0153) [6] Quechua fiye da 10 ° C Tropics, Peruvian colder[4][5]
** Leticia, Colombia, 84 m, matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara 25.8 ° C
** *Tierra Caliente* ko gandun daji na Tropical Omagua ko Selva baja (Kudancin Yammacin Amazon - NT0166)  Iquitos, Peru, 126 m, matsakaicin zafin shekara 26.2 ° C Rupa-Rupa ko Selva alta (Iquitos várzea - NT0128) [4][5]
*** Omagua ko Selva baja (Kudancin Yammacin Amazon mai laushi - NT0166) 
*** Iquitos, Peru, 126 m, matsakaicin zafin shekara-shekara 26.2 ° C
*** Rupa-Rupa ko Selva alta (Iquitos várzea - NT0128) 
** Yunga fluvial (fiye da 5 ° C sanyi fiye da Peruan Tropics) Peruvian Yungas (NT0153) [6]
*** Yungas na Peru (NT0153) 
** Quechua (High valleys, fiye da 10 ° C sanyi fiye da Peruan Tropics) 
* Layin itace
** *Ƙasar Gishiri*
*** Suni (dutse) 
* Hanyar Dutsen
** Puna (dutse na dutse) Tsakiyar Andean wet puna (NT1003)  Tsakiyar Andes puna (NT102) [7][8]
*** Tsakiyar Andean wet puna (NT1003) 
*** Tsakiyar Andean puna (NT1002) 
** "Andean-Alpine hamada"
* Layin dusar ƙanƙara
** Tierra Nevada ko Janca
* Mafi girma

#### Kimanin yanayin zafi - Rarrabawar nahiyar
Bayani:

* Yankin, tsawo (m); yawan ruwan sama na shekara-shekara (mm); yawan zafin jiki na shekara- shekara-sheko (°C);
* Peruvian Highland Rainforest (yanayin zafi), Cloud forest (yanayin yanayi na subtropical) da kuma Temperate forest (yanayi na zafi);
* Bayani na Cusco, kimanta yawan zafin jiki na shekara-shekara (°C, Lowland Rainforest ko Selva baja yana samun ruwan sama da yawa, don haka ya fi hazo, don haka yana da sanyi);
* Bayanan layin dusar ƙanƙara, Humboldt sanyi na yanzu / tasirin yanayi na Pacific, an kiyasta yawan zafin shekara-shekara (° C).  Cuzco, Peru; 3,249 m; yawan zafin shekara-shekara 12.5 ° C; yawan ruwan sama na shekara-sheko 736 mm. Lima, Peru; 30 m; yawan yawan zafin jiki na shekara- shekara 19.2 ° C (tasirin hazo); yawan ruwan sama 15 mm.
** Cuzco, Peru; 3,249 m; yawan zafin shekara-shekara 12.5 ° C; yawan ruwan sama na shekara-sheko 736 mm.&nbsp;&nbsp;
** Lima, Peru; 30 m; yawan zafin shekara-shekara 19.2 ° C (tasirin hazo); yawan ruwan sama na shekara-sheko 15 mm.&nbsp;&nbsp;

## Misali: Yankin Kallawaya, Bolivia
Yankin tsawo: Yankin Kallawaya, a kusa da Charazani, Bolivia (ƙasar zuwa Peru). 

* **Gilashin ƙanƙara**
** Girma: 5,900- 5,200 m, Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara: ƙasa da 0 °C, Aikin gona: babu&nbsp;&nbsp;
* **Babban Dutsen** Desert, *Werneria ciliolata* a kan tsawo Girma: 5,200-5,000 m, Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara: ƙasa da 0 ° C - 0 ° C, Aikin gona: babu.
** Tsayi: 5,200-5,000 m, Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara: ƙasa da 0 ° C - 0 ° C, Aikin gona: babu.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
* **Yankin ciyawa**
** **Calamagrostis minima Steppe**, Hawan: 5,000- 4,600 m, Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara: 0- 3.5 °C, Aikin noma: alpacas, lamas.
*** Tsayi: 5,000- 4,600 m, Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara: 0- 3.5 °C, Aikin noma: alpacas, lamas.&nbsp;&nbsp;
** Pycnophyllum Steppe, Hawan: 4,600- 4,300 m, Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara: 3.5- 7.5 °C, Aikin noma: alpacas, lamas.
*** Tsayi: 4,600- 4,300 m, Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara: 3.5- 7.5 °C, Noma: alpacas, lamas.&nbsp;&nbsp;
** A__ssw____ssw____sw____ssw____ssy____sw__ Grassland, Elevation: 4,300- 3,900 m, Annual average temperature: 7.5- 10.0 °C, noma: alpacas, lamas, aladu; noma: bitter potatoes, (oca), (oat); Fallow land: fiye da 8 years.
*** Tsayi: 4,300- 3,900 m, Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara: 7.5- 10.0 °C, Aikin noma: alpacas, lamas, aladu; Aikin noma - dankali mai zaki, (oca), (oat); Ƙasar da ba ta da kyau: fiye da shekaru 8.&nbsp;&nbsp;
* **Yankin shuke-shuke**
** Satureja Shrub (gidan yamma), ***Baccharis pentandii'' Shrub''', tare da ***Berberis*** (gidan gabas), Hawan: 3,900- 3,600 m, Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara: 10.0- 11.5 °C, Noma: tumaki; Noma: dankali, oca, ulluco, sha'ir; Fallow land: shekaru 3 zuwa 4.
*** Tsayi: 3,900- 3,600 m, Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara: 10.0- 11.5 °C, Noma: tumaki; Noma: [[Dankalin turawa|dankali]], oca, Ulluco, [[sha'ir]]; Ƙasar Fallow: shekaru 3 zuwa 4.&nbsp;&nbsp;
** ***Mutisia* Shrub*' (gidan yamma), ***Baccharis pentlandii'' Shrub''', tare da ***Siphocampylus*** (eastslope), Hawan: 3,600- 2,700 m, Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara: 11.5- 16.5 ° C, Noma: tumaki, shanu; Aikin gona: alkama (sha'ir), wake, wake, masara har zuwa 3,500 m tare da juyawa.
*** Girma: 3,600- 2,700 m, Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara: 11.5- 16.5 °C, Noma: tumaki, shanu; Noma: alkama ([[sha'ir]]), wake, [[wake]], [[masara]] har zuwa 3,500 m tare da juyawa.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
** ***Kaunia longipetiolata* Shrub*', Hawan: 3,200- 2,700 m, Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara: 13.5- 16.5 °C, Noma: shanu; Aikin gona: masara, alkama, wake, dankali na bazara, amfani da taki, babu juyawa na amfanin gona.
*** Girma: 3,200- 2,700 m, Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara: 13.5- 16.5 °C, Noma: masara, alkama, wake, dankali na bazara, amfani da taki, babu juyawa na amfanin gona.&nbsp;&nbsp;
** Highland Rainforest, Elevation: kasa da 2,700 m, Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara: sama da 17.0 °C, Aikin gona: shanu; Aikin gona, 'ya'yan itatuwa na wurare masu zafi, orange, kofi, coca a kusa da 2,000 m.[1]
*** Girma: ƙasa da 2,700 m, Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara: sama da 17.0 °C, Noma: 'ya'yan itatuwa na wurare masu zafi, orange, kofi, coca a kusa da 2,000 m.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

## Gidan wasan kwaikwayo

Fayil:Peru_veg_1970.png|Vegetation of Peru
Fayil:Amazonriverbasin_basemap.png|Amazon basin
Fayil:Lake-Titicaca-Jacques-Nicolas-Bellin-1758.jpg|Watershed around Lake Titicaca, Arequipa, Puno and Cusco
Fayil:Peru_Provinces_Costa_Sierra_Selva.png|Costa - Sierra - Selva
Fayil:Peru_-_HotSprings.jpg|Rupa-Rupa - High Rain forest
Fayil:Yungas03.jpg|Mist forest (2,500 m)
Fayil:ValleColca_lou.jpg|Quechua
Fayil:Urubamba_valley1.jpg|Sacred Valley of the Incas between Písac and Ollantaytambo (2002)
Fayil:Yungas01.jpg|Mountain slope (4,000 m)
Fayil:Laguna_Conococha.jpg|Lake Quñuqqucha (4,050 m)
Fayil:Lama_guanicoe_in_Parque_Nacional_Torres_del_Paine_in_Patagonia,_Chile.jpg|Puna with shrubs
Fayil:Parinacota_volcano.jpg|Lauca National Park - Parinacota volcano
Fayil:Peru_-_Apurímac_River_Altiplano1.jpg|Region of Ayacucho, Peru, 1986 - Puna
Fayil:Ayacucho_Region_Peru_-_Altiplano2.jpg|Region of Ayacucho, Peru, 1986 - Puna
Fayil:Qoyllur_Rit'i_dancers.jpg|Quyllur Rit'i, glacier and alpine desert - 2007
Fayil:Taulliraju.JPG|Huáscarán National Park; Cordillera Blanca; Tawllirahu (5,830 m); North of Lima


## Manazarta