Grace Christie

**Anna Grace Ida Christie** (1872–1953) ƙwararriyar mai dinki ce 'yar ƙasar Ingila, malamar kuma masaniyar tarihi kan dinki wadda ta buga cikakken aiki kan opus anglicanum a shekarar 1938, inda ta tattara duk wani misali da aka sani. "Ana ɗaukarta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mutane mafi tasiri a farkon ƙarni na ashirin dangane da ci gaban nazarin dinki da dinki a Birtaniya da sauran wurare." 

## Rayuwa da aiki

### Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Anna Grace Ida Christie (wacce aka haifa a Chadburn) a Poplar, London, a shekarar 1872, 'yar Reverend James Chadburn, wani limamin Congregationalist da matarsa, Grace Tetley. Babban ɗan'uwanta George (1870–1950) mai zane ne kuma memba na ƙungiyar ma'aikatan fasaha, wata ƙungiya da ke da alaƙa da ƙungiyar fasaha da sana'o'i . Maud (1868–1957), babbar 'yar'uwa, likita ce wadda ta haɗu ta kafa Asibitin Mata da Yara na Kudancin London . 

Grace, kamar yadda ta fi so a san ta, ta yi karatu a Hatton Hall, Wellingborough, kuma an ruwaito cewa ta yi karatun zane a Makarantar Fasaha ta Slade . A shekarar 1900 tana karatun dinki a Makarantar Fasaha ta Tsakiya lokacin da aka yaba mata a lokacin wani bita na wani baje kolin ɗalibai a can. A shekara mai zuwa ta auri Archibald H. Christie (1871–1945), wani mai zane kuma mai zane wanda ya koyar da zane a makarantar. Daga baya ya zama mai duba makarantun fasaha na Majalisar Gundumar London a ƙarƙashin William Lethaby, wanda ya kafa Makarantar Fasaha ta Tsakiya a 1896, ya kafa ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Fasaha, kuma fitaccen memba ne na Ƙungiyar Fasaha da Fasaha. Ma'auratan suna da ɗa ɗaya, Robert Noel, a watan Disamba na 1903. 

A shekara ta 1901, an naɗa Grace Christie a matsayin malami a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal (RCA) a fannin dinki da saka tambari a ƙarƙashin Leathaby, wacce ta zama farfesa ta farko a fannin zane a can a wannan shekarar. A shekara ta 1906, Christie ta buga *Saƙa da Tapestry* a matsayin wani ɓangare na *Jerin Hannun Hannu na Fasaha* na Lethaby. Ita da mijinta sun nuna ayyukansu a baje kolin da Ƙungiyar Fasaha da Sana'o'i ta ɗauki nauyin gudanarwa tsakanin 1903 da 1916. Christie ta yi ritaya daga RCA a shekara ta 1921 kuma an nuna mata aikinta da na ɗalibanta a Gidan Tarihi na Victoria da Albert a shekara mai zuwa a matsayin wani ɓangare na baje kolin *Sana'o'in Burtaniya* wanda Cibiyar Fasaha ta Masana'antu ta Burtaniya ta shirya. Baje kolin farko na Ƙungiyar Masu Saƙa a shekara ta 1923 ya ƙunshi misalan ɗinkin Christie.

### Rubutu da gyarawa na farko
AF Kendrick, Mai Kula da Sashen Yadi a Gidan Tarihi na Victoria da Albert, ta gabatar da wani babban baje koli kan Aikin Saƙa na Turanci a shekarar 1905 wanda ya yi tasiri sosai ga alkiblar aikin Christie da bincikenta a nan gaba. Ta gyara kuma ta ba da gudummawar kasidu ga wani littafi mai dogon lokaci, Embroidery, a cikin 1908-1909, wanda ya ɗauki bugu shida. Duk da cewa ta ba da gudummawar mafi yawan kasidu ga mujallar, sauran masu ba da gudummawa sun haɗa da mijinta, Lethaby, Kendrick, Walter Crane, da William St John Hope, duk suna da alaƙa da Motsin Fasaha da Sana'o'i. Saƙa ta ci gaba da mai da hankali kan Fasaha da Sana'o'i kan aiki tare da bayanai kan fannoni na fasaha na aikin allura yayin da kuma ta shafi aikin ɗinki na tarihi, gami da kasidu biyu kan opus anglicanum na Louis de Farcy ban da nata.

A tsakanin 1911–1913, Christie ta buga katuna shida masu launuka na zane-zanen samfuri, *The Sampler Series* . A shekara mai zuwa ta buga wata mujalla mai suna *Needle and Thread*, wadda ta shafi zane-zane 'sabbin' da kuma bayanai na tarihi game da dinki, amma an buga fitowa huɗu kacal kafin a dakatar da buga su kafin farkon Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya a watan Agusta 1914. 

## Ambato