Gadalla Gubara

**Gadalla Gubara** (    , 1920–2008) ɗan ƙasar Sudan ne mai ɗaukar hoto, mai shirya fim, darekta kuma mai daukar hoto . Fiye da biyar da suka gabata, ya fitar da fiye da 50 na Kundaye da uku alama fina-finan. Ya kasance majagaba na fina-finan Afirka, kasancewar ya kasance wanda ya kafa kungiyar masu shirya fina-finai ta Pan-African FEPACI da kuma bikin Fim na FESPACO (Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso).  Diyarsa, Sara Gubara, wadda ta kammala digiri a Cibiyar Cinema da ke birnin Alkahira na kasar Masar, ta taimaka masa da ayyukansa na fina-finai a baya, bayan da ya rasa idonsa. Ana ganin ta a matsayin mace ta farko da ta zama daraktar fim a Sudan.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Gubara a Khartoum, Sudan a 1920. Mahaifinsa manomi ne, kuma daga cikin dangin Muhammad Ahmad . A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, ya yi aiki a matsayin jami'i a cikin Royal Corps of Signals a arewacin Afirka. A nan, dakarun aka tare da Mulkin mallaka Film Unit, wanda kariya fina-finai kamar *Desert Nasara*, *Our Afirka Sojoji a Active Service,* kuma *Tare Our Afirka Sojojin a yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya* domin sojojin. Wannan shi ne karon farko da Gubara ya fara haskawa a fim, wanda ya kai shi neman horo bayan yakin, yayin da yake zaune a Landan da Cyprus . 

Bayan horon da ya yi, sashen fina-finai na Burtaniya ya ba shi umarnin komawa ƙasar Sudan da yin fina-finan ilimantarwa game da shirin noman kasar da za a nuna wa mazauna yankin a fadin kasar. Yayin da ake yin haka, Gubara ya kuma nuna fina-finan barkwanci da dama ga mazauna karkara.

## Sana'a

Gubara kuma yana daya daga cikin masu ɗaukar hoto na farko a Sudan, inda ya dauki misali da daga tutar sabuwar kasar a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1956.   A cikin marigayi karramawa, an gabatar da wasu daga cikin hotunansa a cikin 2015 a wurin nunin baya-bayan nan  *Makarantar Khartoum: yin motsin fasahar zamani a Sudan (1945-present)*' ta Gidauniyar Fasaha ta Sharjah, UAE. 

A cikin 1955, Gubara ta shirya fim ɗin kala na farko na Afirka, *Song of Khartoum*, gudummawa ga nau'ikan fina-finai game da biranen avant-garde. Shekaru bayan samun 'yancin kai a shekara ta 1956 sun kasance da yanayi na farkawa ta siyasa da al'adu a Sudan. Gubara ya zama babban mai shirya fina-finai na sabuwar rukunin fina-finan Sudan da aka kafa a ƙarƙashin ma’aikatar al’adu da yada labarai. A cikin wannan lokacin, ya rubuta abubuwan da suka faru da yawa da kuma rayuwar yau da kullun tare da kyamararsa: ganawar gwamnati da shugaban Masar Gamal Abdel Nasser na Masar ko Sarkin Habasha Haile Selassi a ziyarar aiki, rayuwar dare na Khartoum, gina layin dogo, masana'antu da madatsun ruwa.  A ƙarshen 1950s, ya sami kyauta don ci gaba da karatun fim a Jami'ar Kudancin California, kuma an nada shi a matsayin darektan sashin fina-finai na Sudan bayan ya dawo a 1962. 

Da yake son ya shirya nasa fina-finai, kuma mafi yawan fina-finai, ya bar sashen fina-finan Sudan, ya kafa gidan shirya fina-finai na farko na Sudan, Studio Gad, a 1974.  Fim ɗinsa na farko na *Tajouj labari ne mai ban sha'awa game da rashin jin dadin soyayyar wasu masu neman auren jarumar*, wanda aka shirya a ƙauyukan gabashin Sudan, kuma jarumi Salah bn Albadya ya fito.  *Tajouj ya* lashe lambar yabo ta Nefertiti, kyautar fim mafi girma a Masar, a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Alkahira a 1982, kuma ya sami kyaututtuka a bikin fina-finai a Alexandria, Ouagadougou, Tehran, Addis Ababa, Berlin, Moscow, Cannes da Carthage. 

A cikin 1984, Gubara ya buga wani gajeren fim mai cikakken bayani mai suna *<nowiki/>'Viva Sara* '. Ya ba da labarin 'yarsa Sara, wacce duk da nakasar jikinta da ta yi fama da cutar shan inna tun tana ƙarama, ta zama ƴar ƙasar Sudan ta farko a gasar ƙasa da ƙasa ta masu ninkaya tsakanin tsibirin Capri da birnin Naples na Italiya. 

Gubara yana aiki yana da shekaru tamanin da takwas. Ya rasa idonsa yana da shekaru 80 a duniya, a lokacin da gwamnati ta kwace ɗakinsa, amma ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukansa na fim na karshe, inda ‘yarsa Sara Gubara ta taimaka masa.  A shekara ta 2006, ya sami lambar yabo ta 'Award for Excellence' saboda aikinsa a Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka .  Da yake karin haske da watakila zamaninsa da ya fi fice, marubuci dan kasar Sudan Omar Zaki ya rubuta: “Fina-finan Gubara na shekarun 1960 zuwa 70 sun dauki abin da mutane da yawa ke kira da “Zaman Zinare na Sudan” lokacin da “Khartoum ita ce Beirut...ko kuma Paris. Afirka". A lokacin, Khartoum birni ne na al'adu da yawa da ke da majami'u masu yawa na Katolika, Furotesta, 'yan Koftik, da Habasha, da kuma al'ummomi daban-daban - Yahudawa, Armeniya, Siriya, Girkanci, Labanan, da Sabiya. Wannan ya zo gaskiya tare da abubuwan tunawa da Gubara na babban birnin: "Khartoum birni ne mai buɗe ido, yana da nau'ikan nishaɗi iri-iri, yana da wuraren shakatawa na dare. Mutane na iya yin wasa kyauta, suna iya rawa. . . Amma a lokacin da shari’a ta fara da Nimeiry, Khartoum ta zama kamar garin Musulunci.” 

A cikin 2008, mai shirya fina-finai na Faransa Frédérique Cifuentes ya yi wani fim na gaskiya game da Gubara, wanda ake kira Cinema a Sudan: Tattaunawa da Gadalla Gubara  Tsakanin 2014 da 2016, babban ɓangaren fina-finan Gubara ya kasance digitized ta *Arsenal - Cibiyar Fim da Fasahar Bidiyo * a Berlin, Jamus,  kuma an sake nunawa ga masu sauraro a Sudan har ma da ƙasashen waje. 

## Fina-finai (fim ɗin fasali)

* *Tajuj* (1977)
* *Barakat Al-Sheikh* (1998)
* *Les misérables*, karɓuwa na labari na Victor Hugo (2006) 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Cinema a Sudan: Tattaunawa da Gadalla Gubara (Takardar Labarai game da rayuwarsa da aikinsa)
* TED magana ta Sara Gubara game da rayuwarta da haɗin gwiwa tare da mahaifinta (A cikin Larabci tare da fassarar Turanci)
*   
* Studio Gad - Bayani da gajerun fina-finan gaskiya  na Gubara, daga Khartoum a cikin 1970s
* Rahoton bidiyo akan fim din Gubara na karshe na ''Les miserables'', wanda ya fara da karfe 8:00 a kashi na 2 na bidiyon.
* Short video, tare da Gubara yana magana akan rayuwarsa da aikinsa
* Hotunan Gubara daga rumbun adana bayanai na elnour.org