Kogin Goleta

**Kogin Goleta** yanki ne na bakin teku da ke kusa da Goleta, California, gabas da harabar Jami'ar California, Santa Barbara (UCSB). Gundumar Santa Barbara ce ke kula da wani yanki na gaɓar Goleta Bay, a matsayin Goleta Beach County Park (GBCP). Bakin tekun da kansa ɗan adam ne ya yi shi yayin da aka bazu yashi a kan wani yanki mai rairayi a cikin 1945. Tekun yanki ne na yanayi na yanayi don ƙaura daga bakin teku, gami da ƙwanƙolin dusar ƙanƙara, nau'in da ke cikin haɗari, kuma wani lokaci ana rufe shi saboda ƙoƙarin abinci.

## Abubuwa

### Slough da ciyayi
Goleta Slough wani yanki ne da ke kusa da magudanar ruwa wanda ke shiga cikin Tekun Fasifik. Slow ya kwashe kwarin Goleta da magudanar ruwa, kuma yana karɓar ruwan duk manyan raƙuman ruwa a yankin Goleta, gami da fuskar kudancin tsaunin Santa Ynez. Yawancin berms da ƙofofin igiyar ruwa waɗanda ke canza yanayin zagaya ruwa (Audubon, 2003).

Dausayin Goleta Slough ya taba rufe kusan kadada 1,150 (ha 465); duk da haka, girman na yanzu yana da kusan eka 440 (ha 180). Yawancin canjin wurin zama ya faru ne a farkon shekarun 1940, lokacin da aka faɗaɗa ƙaramin filin jirgin sama don saukar da filin jirgin sama na tashar jiragen sama na Marine Corps Santa Barbara, wanda ke kudu da estuary a yanzu Jami'ar California a harabar Santa Barbara. Bayan yakin, filin jirgin ya zama filin jirgin saman Santa Barbara Municipal. Ƙungiyoyi, irin su Saliyo Club da Audubon Society, sun damu musamman game da ciyayi da namun daji a cikin Goleta Slough da kewayenta. Asusun UCSB mai tallafin ɗalibin da ɗalibi ya yi aiki tare da Kwamitin Gudanarwa na Goleta Slough, don gudanar da ƙaramin gyare-gyaren muhalli, kamar kawar da tsire-tsire da ba na asali ba. Kwamitin Gudanarwa na Goleta Slough ya kasance mai goyan bayan shirye-shiryen Conservancy Coastal na California don babban aikin maidowa wanda zai ba da damar buɗe gwajin gwaji kafin a dawo da zagayowar ruwa, a cikin aƙalla ɗaya daga cikin tafkunan marshland. Ya sami damar samun amincewa daga Hukumar Kula da Jiragen Sama ta Tarayya don ci gaba da gwajin saboda matakin na iya shafar Filin Jirgin Sama na Santa Barbara.

### Wajan Shakatawa
Wurin shakatawan wurin shakatawa ne na rana (buɗe daga 8:00 na safe zuwa faɗuwar rana) wanda ke da teburan filaye 27, ramukan dawakai huɗu, dakuna uku, filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa da sauran abubuwan more rayuwa. Wurin shakatawa ya taɓa nuna “Windamajig”, wani sassaken zane mai motsi na iska. Abin takaici, an lalata shigarwar fasaha ta hanyar iska mai ƙarfi a cikin 2006 kuma an cire shi. Gidan shakatawa da kansa yana da kadada 29 (haki 12) babba da ƙafa 4,200 (1,300 m) na bakin teku an haɗa su cikin yankin (Kisner, 1998). Tushen, More's Landing, an fara gina shi a cikin 1874 kuma an ƙara yin gyare-gyare a ƙarshen 1920s, ta Ma'aikatar gandun daji ta tarayya (Kisner, 1998). Gidan cin abinci na bakin teku ya rufe a watan Fabrairun 2021. Wurin shakatawa ya shahara da mazauna gida da masu yawon bude ido iri daya kuma yana karbar baƙi kusan miliyan 1.5 a kowace shekara, yana mai da shi wurin shakatawa da aka fi amfani da shi a cikin tsarin Park na Santa Barbara County (SBCPD, 2003). Wurin shakatawa yana ba da wuraren ajiye motoci 580, yayin da baƙi da yawa suka isa ta mota, ta hanyar Babbar Hanya 217.

### Ma'anar yamma
An kwatanta tushen ma'anar a matsayin "mazauni na tsaka-tsakin dutse, kodayake nau'in jinsin da ke akwai akwai fiye da wadanda [aka samu a kusa da] pier pilings" (Kisner, 1998). Ruwan ruwa yana zubowa da wasu bututun da aka fallasa suna zubowa daga harabar UCSB kusa da wurin. Mafi mahimmanci, wurin dutsen da kewayen bluffs suna fama da mummunan yazawa mafi yawan lokuta masu alaƙa da abubuwan El Nino. Siffar bay yana mai da hankali kan makamashin igiyar ruwa a wurin. Saboda yazawar, gefen bluffs na sama ya zama ɗan rashin kwanciyar hankali kuma yana iya zama haɗari ga waɗanda ke tafiya a kusa.

## Tarihi
Bakin bakin teku yana jujjuyawa tare da rairayin bakin teku yayin da shekaru 40,000 na haɓaka bakin teku ya ɗaga mesa zuwa gabas da yamma. Tun daga ƙarshen karni na 19, mazauna Santa Barbara suna gyara yankin Tekun Goleta. An fara kiwo a cikin magudanar ruwa a shekara ta 1846 kuma gobara ta sa tsaunin tuddai ya lalace tare da cika sassan Goleta Slough da laka. A farkon karni na 20, masu mallakar filaye na gida sun gayyaci 'yan ƙasa don su cika bakin tekun da aka kafa wurin shakatawa na bakin teku na jiha. A halin da ake ciki, a cikin 1943 gwamnatin tarayya ta ci gaba da cika wurin a lokacin da ta mamaye tsibirin Mescalitan mai tarihi kusa da gidan don ƙirƙirar tashar jirgin sama don amfani yayin Yaƙin Duniya na II (SBCPD, 2003). A cikin shekarun 1960, an ci gaba da yin gine-gine a wuraren dausayi ciki har da wurin kula da najasa da babbar hanyar California 217, kuma an mayar da wurin shakatawa na jihar zuwa gundumar Santa Barbara.

## Manazarta