Alexa Canady

**Alexa Irene Canady** (an haife ta a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba, 1950) tsohuwar likitar jijiyoyin kwakwalwa ce ta Amurka, malamar likitanci, kuma mai fafutukar kare lafiyar jama'a. Ita ce mace 'yar asalin Afirka ta farko a Amurka da ta sami takardar shaidar hukumar kula da cututtukan jijiyoyin kwakwalwa.  A shekarar 1987, an nada ta a matsayin shugabar tiyatar jijiyoyin kwakwalwa a Asibitin Yara na Michigan, inda ta yi aiki har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a shekarar 2001.  Baya ga aikin tiyatar da ta fara, Canady kuma farfesa ce a Jami'ar Jihar Wayne kuma tare da haɗin gwiwar masu haɓaka tsarin hana siphon shunt don maganin hydrocephalus. 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Alexa Irene Canady a Lansing, Michigan a shekarar 1950 ga Clinton Canady Jr., likitan haƙori, tsohuwar tsohuwar soja a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, kuma ta kammala karatunta a Jami'ar Fisk da Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Meharry . Mahaifiyarta, Elizabeth Hortense Canady, malami ce kuma shugabar kare haƙƙin jama'a wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Ƙasa ta 18 ta Delta Sigma Theta Sorority kuma ta taimaka wajen kafa Gidauniyar Bincike da Ilimi ta Delta.  Iyaye biyu sun jaddada mahimmancin juriya, ladabi, da ilimi, dabi'un da suka dasa wa Alexa da ƙanenta, Clint Canady III. 

Duk da fuskantar wariyar launin fata a lokacin karatunta na farko, Canady ta yi fice a fannin ilimi kuma ta kammala karatunta da girmamawa daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Lansing Everett a shekarar 1967, inda aka karrama ta a matsayin dalibar Nasara ta Ƙasa. 

Ta yi rajista a Jami'ar Michigan  kuma da farko ta yi karatun digiri a fannin lissafi amma daga baya ta koma fannin ilmin dabbobi bayan wani lokaci na rashin tabbas game da alkiblar karatunta.  A shekarar 1971, ta sami digirin farko na Kimiyya kuma ta zama memba na Delta Sigma Theta .  A lokacin kwaleji, shiga cikin shirin bazara na ɗaliban tsiraru a fannin likitanci ya taimaka wajen ƙarfafa shawararta ta neman aikin likita. 

Canady ta kammala karatun digiri na farko tare da MD daga Makarantar Likitanci ta Jami'ar Michigan a shekarar 1975 kuma an shigar da ita cikin Alpha Omega Alpha, ƙungiyar girmamawa ta likitanci ta ƙasa.  

## Sana'a

Bayan ta sami digirin digirgir, Canady ta fara karatun digiri na biyu da aikin tiyata a Asibitin Yale-New Haven daga 1975 zuwa 1976. Da farko, Canady ta fuskanci wahala wajen samun damar yin aikin tiyata.  Duk da fuskantar wariyar launin fata - gami da korar ta daga wasu a matsayin "kunshin damar daidai gwargwado" - ta sami girmamawa daga abokan aikinta kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu horon asibiti. 

Ta ci gaba da kammala karatunta na tiyatar jijiyoyi a Jami'ar Minnesota a shekarar 1981, inda ta zama mace 'yar asalin Amurka ta farko da ta fara horo kuma ta cancanci shiga fannin tiyatar jijiyoyi. 

Canady ta fara aikinta na ƙwararru a Asibitin Henry Ford da ke Detroit kafin ta shiga Asibitin Yara na Michigan, inda ta kafa tarihi. A shekarar 1984, ta zama mace 'yar asalin Amurka ta farko da ta samu takardar shaidar aikin tiyatar jijiyoyi. A shekarar 1987, an naɗa ta shugabar tiyatar jijiyoyi a Asibitin Yara, mukamin da ta riƙe har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a shekarar 2001. 

Bayan ta yi ritaya a shekara ta 2001 ta koma Florida, Canady ta sami buƙatar likitan tiyatar jijiyoyin yara a Asibitin Sacred Heart na Pensacola, wanda babu ko ɗaya. Saboda haka, Canady ta fito daga ritaya ta taimaka wajen haɓaka sashen tiyatar jijiyoyin yara a Asibitin Sacred Heart na Pensacola har sai da aka kammala shi a shekara ta 2012, lokacin da ta yi ritaya a hukumance. 

Baya ga ayyukanta na asibiti, Canady ta yi aiki a matsayin farfesa a fannin tiyatar jijiyoyi a Jami'ar Jihar Wayne,  inda ta taimaka wajen horar da sabbin likitocin tiyatar jijiyoyi da kuma ba da gudummawa ga binciken tiyatar jijiyoyi na yara da ci gaban ilimi.

## Bincike da kirkire-kirkire
Aikin binciken Canady ya mayar da hankali kan lahani na kashin baya da aka haifa, hydrocephalus, ciwace-ciwacen kwakwalwa, da raunin kai.  Ita ce mai ƙirƙira tsarin hana siphon da za a iya tsarawa wanda aka tsara don magance hydrocephalus,  yanayin da yawan ruwan cerebrospinal ke taruwa a cikin ventricles na kwakwalwa. Na'urar ta ba da damar daidaita matsin lamba ba tare da ƙarin tiyata ba kuma ta taimaka wajen rage matsalolin da ke tattare da yawan magudanar ruwa. Ya haɗa da hanyoyin hana siphon da fasalulluka na shirye-shirye waɗanda suka ba da damar kula da ruwan cerebrospinal mafi aminci da keɓaɓɓu ga marasa lafiya na yara. 

An ba da izinin mallakar na'urar a shekarar 2000 kuma aka ba ta ga Jami'ar Jihar Wayne,  inda Canady ta yi aiki a matsayin farfesa kuma shugabar sashen tiyatar jijiyoyin yara. 

## Tunani
Waɗannan kalamai masu zuwa sun ƙunshi muhimman jigogi daga tunani da hirarrakin Dr. Canady, kamar yadda aka samu a cikin tarihin rayuwarta ta Cibiyar Lafiya ta Ƙasa :

## Gado da tasiri
Aikin Dr. Canady a matsayin mace 'yar asalin Amurka ta farko da ta fara aikin tiyatar kwakwalwa ya taimaka wajen ƙara gani da wakilci a fannonin tiyatar jijiyoyi da ilimin likitanci .  Nasarorin da ta samu sun magance bambance-bambancen launin fata da jinsi na dogon lokaci, suna ƙarfafa ƙananan tsiraru da ba su da wakilci sosai su shiga aikin likitanci, musamman fannonin tiyata .  A cikin aikinta a fannin tiyatar jijiyoyi na yara, ta ba da fifiko ga kulawa mai mayar da hankali kan marasa lafiya kuma ta tallafa wa horar da ɗaliban likitanci da mazauna wurin.  

## Ritaya da kuma shekarun baya
Bayan ta yi ritaya daga shugabancinta a Detroit a shekarar 2001, Canady ta koma Pensacola, Florida tare da mijinta, tsohon soja a rundunar sojojin ruwa. Duk da cewa da farko ta yi niyyar yin ritaya gaba daya, karancin likitocin jijiyoyin yara a yankin ya sa ta shiga cikin ma'aikatan Asibitin Sacred Heart (Pensacola) na ɗan lokaci. Ta ci gaba da ba da kulawa har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya gaba daya a shekarar 2012.

Da take tunani game da aikinta, Canady ta lura cewa bayan ta janye daga aikin likitanci ne ta fara fahimtar tasirin nasarorin da ta samu ga mata da kuma 'yan Afirka da ke kallonta a matsayin wadda ta fi kowa iya jagoranci.

## A cikin al'adun jama'a

Alexa I. Canady ta shahara a cikin shirin buɗe ƙofofin karatu na ƙasa na Laburaren Magunguna *: Zamantakewa na ƙwararrun likitocin Afirka ta Amurka* . 

## Lambobin yabo da girmamawa

## Jagoranci, membobinsu, da kuma sanin ƙwarewa

## Littattafai da aka zaɓa

## Tsarin lokaci
**Tatsuniya**
   

## Duba kuma

* Likitan jijiyoyin yara
* Mata 'yan Afirka-Amurka a fannin likitanci
* Delta Sigma Theta
* *Ƙofofin Buɗewa: Likitocin Likitan Baƙar fata na Zamani na Amurka*
** LaSalle D. Leffall Jr.
** Charles R. Drew
** Rosalyn P. Scott
** Nunin hukuma - Laburaren Magunguna na Ƙasa na Amurka

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

## Manazarta