George Preece

**George Augustus Preece** NZC (  - 10 Yulin shekarar 1925) jami'i ne a New Zealand's Armed Constabulary wanda ya yi fice a lokacin Yaƙin Te Kooti . An ba shi kyautar New Zealand Cross saboda ayyukan da ya yi a lokacin da aka kewaye Ngatapa .

An haifi Preece a Coromandel a New Zealand. Ya iya magana da Harshen Māori ya yi aiki a matsayin mai fassara ga kotun sannan, a lokacin Yakin Gabashin Cape, ga sojoji. Bayan barkewar Yaƙin Te Kooti a shekarar 1868, ya zama jami'in rundunar 'yan sanda kuma ya shiga cikin bin Te Kooti, jagoran addini na Māori. A shekara ta 1870 an ba shi umurni na rundunar 'yan sanda na Te Arawa Māori kuma ya jagoranci wannan na shekaru biyu masu zuwa a cikin balaguro a cikin tsaunuka masu tsawo na Urewera, yana fatan kama Te Kooti. A shekara ta 1876 ya zama majistare kuma shekaru da yawa bayan haka ya zama dan kasuwa a Palmerston North. Ya mutu a can a shekarar 1925, yana da shekaru 80. 

## Rayuwa ta farko

An haifi George Augustus Preece a shekara ta 1845 a Coromandel, New Zealand, ga James Preece, mai wa'azi a ƙasashen waje, da matarsa Mary Ann née Williams . Mahaifinsa, wanda ya isa New Zealand a shekarar 1829, ya kasance wani ɓangare na Church Missionary Society kuma yana zaune a tashoshin mishan a yankin da ke kusa da Firth na Thames. Preece ya girma a Ahikeruru kuma ya zama masani sosai a Te Reo, harshen Māori. A shekara ta 1864, ya yi aiki a kotun majistare a Wairoa a matsayin magatakarda da mai fassara.

A shekara mai zuwa, Yakin Gabashin Cape ya ɓarke. Wannan yaƙin yana ɗaya daga cikin jerin rikice-rikice a New Zealand tsakanin wasu Mutanen Māori na gida a gefe ɗaya, da sojojin mulkin mallaka da na mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya da abokansu na Māori a ɗayan. Wadannan rikice-rikicen ana kiransu gaba ɗaya New Zealand Wars .  Preece ya kasance a cikin rundunar, karkashin umurnin Colonel James Fraser, na Sojojin Tsaro na mulkin mallaka a matsayin mai fassara kuma ya yi aiki a wannan matsayin har zuwa ƙarshen yaƙin a shekarar 1866, a wannan lokacin ya koma aikin lauya.

## Yaƙin Te Kooti
A watan Yulin 1868, Te Kooti's War, wani rikici na New Zealand Wars, ya ɓarke. Te Kooti jarumi ne na Māori na Rongowhakaata *iwi* (ƙabilar) wanda a cikin 1865 ya yi yaƙi a gefen Gwamnatin New Zealand da ƙungiyar addini ta Pai Mārire a lokacin Yakin Gabashin Cape a Talauci Bay . Daga baya aka dauke shi ɗan leƙen asiri kuma an tura shi gudun hijira ba tare da shari'a ba zuwa Tsibirin Chatham tare da mayaƙan Pai Mārire 200 da iyalansu. Ya zama shugabansu kuma a watan Yulin 1868 ya tsere daga bauta tare da mabiyansa, ya sauka a Poverty Bay a watan Yunin 1868, ya haifar da abin da aka sani da Te Kooti's War.

A farkon rikici, an ba Preece izini a cikin rundunar 'yan sanda. Wannan wata hukumar tilasta bin doka ce wacce ta kafa babbar rundunar tsaro ta New Zealand a lokacin kuma wacce Kanar George Whitmore ke jagoranta. Ya shiga cikin bin Te Kooti kuma ya kasance a cikin rikice-rikice tare da sojojin Te Kooti a ƙarshen Yuli.

Bayan kisan kiyashi da Te Kooti ya yi a watan Oktoba na masu mulkin mallaka a Poverty Bay, an kara Preece zuwa mataimakin kuma an ba shi umurni na rundunar kusan 170 Ngāti Kahungunu daga Wairoa, wanda ya jagoranci don bin Te Kooti. A Makaretu, wani pā (dutse) inda Te Kooti ya sanya baya, Preece da mutanensa sun haɗa kai da ƙungiyar Ngāti Porou *kūpapa* - Māori waɗanda suka haɗa kai da Gwamnati - wanda Ropata Wahawaha ya umarce su. A ranar 3 ga watan Disamba sun kai hari kuma sun kayar da masu tsaron baya na Te Kooti. Koyaya, Te Kooti da yawancin sojojinsa sun janye ba tare da an gano su ba zuwa wani pā da ke kusa da Ngatapa .   Tare da mutanen Ropata, Preece da mayaƙansa na Wairoa sun kai hari kan Ngatapa washegari. Sun sami damar shiga kusa da pā kuma a lokacin da rana ƙananan ƙungiyoyin mayaƙa sun sami damar shiga cikinsu. A ƙarshe, sun karya rami na karewa na waje. Yayin da dare ya fadi, ƙarin ƙarfafawa sun haɗu da su amma harsashi ba shi da yawa. Ropata ya nemi a kawo wasu, amma dare ya fadi kuma babu wanda ya so ya hau cikin duhu. Ropata da Preece sun bar matsayin da sassafe washegari yayin da mutanensu suka rasa harsashi. Daga nan sai suka janye daga Ngatapa gaba ɗaya, sun gaji da tafiya da fada na kwanaki da yawa da suka gabata, kuma suka koma Tūranga.

Don ayyukansu a Ngatapa, an ba Ropata da Preece lambar yabo ta New Zealand Cross (NZC), shawarar da ta fito daga Whitmore. Kwanan nan an kafa NZC a matsayin lambar yabo ga ma'aikatan mulkin mallaka, kuma an dauke shi daidai da Victoria Cross (VC); waɗanda ke aiki a cikin 'yan bindiga na mulkin mallaka na New Zealand ba su cancanci VC sai dai idan suna ƙarƙashin umurnin jami'an Burtaniya ba.

Preece ya ci gaba da shiga cikin bin Te Kooti, wanda tare da mabiyansa da suka tsira suka gudu zuwa tsaunukan Urewera. An ɗaukaka shi zuwa kyaftin, an ba Preece umurni na rundunar 'yan sanda ta Te Arawa a watan Maris na shekara ta 1870. Sojojinsa, waɗanda aka sani da Arawa Flying Column No. 2, na ɗaya daga cikin jam'iyyun biyu da za su kasance masu aiki a cikin Urewera daga 1870 zuwa 1872. Da yake aiki daga wani tushe a Te Teko shi da mutanensa 90 sun yi sintiri a gefen yammacin Ureweras da fatan kama Te Kooti .   Sojojinsa sun harbe harbe-harbe na karshe na Yaƙe-yaƙe na New Zealand a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu 1872, lokacin da suka ga Te Kooti da wani ɓangare na mutanensa kuma suka bi su zuwa nesa zuwa kwarin Waiau. An janye Preece da mutanensa daga filin watanni uku bayan haka bayan Te Kooti ya sami mafaka a cikin King Country tare da sojojin Māori King Movement.

## Rayuwa ta baya
An ɗaukaka shi zuwa mataimakin mai bincike, Preece ya ci gaba da aiki a cikin 'yan sanda har zuwa 1876 lokacin da ya zama majistare a Ōpōtiki . Daga baya ya cika irin wannan matsayi a Napier da Christchurch . A shekara ta 1892 ya yi ritaya daga aikin shari'a kuma ya zama dan kasuwa. Ya koma Palmerston North,  inda ya mutu a ranar 10 ga Yuli 1925. Matarsa da 'ya'ya hudu ne suka mutu..

## Bayani

## Manazarta