Kisan kiyashin Moura

Sojojin Mali da sojojin haya na Rasha daga Ƙungiyar Wagner ne suka gudanar da **Kisan kiyashi a garin Moura** tsakanin 27 da 31 Maris 2022, a tsakiyar garin Moura na Mali, Yankin Mopti da ke rikici da Al-Qaeda a Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin na Maghreb na Musulunci. Fiye da fararen hula 300. An zarge su da kashe su, a cewar Hukumar Kula da Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Amurka.  

## Tarihi
Tun daga watan Janairun 2012, Mali ta shiga cikin yakin basasa tsakanin masu tayar da kayar baya na Islama da Gwamnatin Mali. Faransa ta shiga rikici a shekara mai zuwa, amma ta sanar da niyyar su na rage yawan sojojin Faransa a hankali kuma su janye su daga kasar. Mali tun daga lokacin ta nemi wasu hanyoyin da za ta sami taimakon kasashen waje, kuma an ruwaito ta sami taimako daga wani kamfani mai zaman kansa na soja na Rasha da ake kira Wagner Group, wanda sojojin Mali da Rasha suka nace cewa sun kasance a can don yin aiki a matsayin Masu ba da shawara na soja kawai. Human Rights Watch ta rubuta aƙalla shari'o'i 71 na fararen hula da jami'an tsaro suka kashe daga Disamba 2021 zuwa Maris 2022. Ayyukan Islama sun kuma haifar da damuwa, tare da ɗan jaridar Faransa24 Wassim Nasr yana ba da shawarar kisan kiyashi a wani ɓangare ne na ramuwar gayya ga hare-haren da aka kai a ƙauyen Dogofry, Ségou da membobin kungiyar Islama Macina Liberation Front suka yi.

An kwatanta garin Moura musamman da kasancewa a ƙarƙashin "kusan iko" na masu jihadi, musamman Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin, wanda yake wani ɓangare na Al-Qaeda a cikin Maghreb na Musulunci  kuma ya aiwatar da dokar shari'a a kan mazauna ƙauyuka.  A cikin 2022 an ga Muhammed Kufa, shugaban AQIM na biyu, a cikin birni.

## Kisan kiyashi
An fara aikin ne a ranar 27 ga watan Maris lokacin da sojojin gwamnati suka shiga garin Moura .  Jiragen saman soja sun sauka kusa da kasuwar garin, sojoji sun fita kuma sun kusanci wani rukuni na kimanin 'yan jihadi 30, wadanda suka harbe su, suka kashe akalla sojoji biyu (watakila daga kungiyar Wagner) da kuma wadanda ba a san adadin gwamnati ba. Sojojin Mali sun mayar da wuta, inda suka kashe mutane da yawa. Fararen hula da yawa sun ga lamarin ya bayyana kuma sun yi ƙoƙari su gudu, amma wani helikofta ya biyo baya wanda ya yi kama da harbi da gangan ga fararen hula masu gudu.

A cewar shaidu, sojojin Mali da fararen sojoji sun ci gaba da tura kansu a fadin garin, suna toshe hanyoyin fita da kuma kashe duk wanda ya yi ƙoƙarin tserewa. Sojojin tsaro sun tsare kuma sun yi wa daruruwan fararen hula tambayoyi, sau da yawa suna kwace kayansu, gami da wayoyin su. Mutanen da suka ki a tara su an harbe su a wurin da fararen mercenaries. Daga nan aka tura wadanda aka tsare zuwa bakin kogin inda aka tattara su cikin rukuni na 4, 6, ko 10 sannan aka kashe su gaba daya.  Wadanda suka tsira sun gaya wa Reuters cewa an tilasta wa mambobin kungiyoyin Bobo da Bellah su tono kaburbura.

Shaidu ba su yarda da dalilan da ya sa aka ware maza don kisa ba, tare da wasu suna tabbatar da cewa maza da ke sanye da gemu da tufafin gargajiya na Islama sun fi dacewa da su saboda irin wannan bayyanarsu ga Islama. Sauran sun gaya wa Human Rights Watch cewa an yi wa mutanen da aka kashe niyya ne saboda asalin kabilansu na Fulani.

Aikin ya ƙare a ranar 31 ga watan Maris. Wani shaida ya gaya wa Human Rights Watch cewa ya ji wani jami'in gwamnati ya gaya wa wani ta hanyar walkie-talkie zuwa "Ka daina kashe mutane, bari su tafi", kuma kashe-kashen ya tsaya. Akalla mazauna uku sun ce sojoji sun ba da jawabi bayan haka inda suka nemi gafara saboda kisan kiyashi.

A cewar rahotanni, kimanin sojoji 100 da ke magana da wani harshe ba tare da Faransanci ba sun shiga cikin kewaye. Mazauna ƙauyen sun yi imanin cewa su 'yan kasuwa ne na Rasha daga Ƙungiyar Wagner yayin da suka ji labaru game da sa hannunsu a cikin rikici a farkon shekarar. Yawancin waɗannan ma'aikatan an zarge su da yin tambayoyi, azabtarwa da kisan fararen hula.

## Sakamakon haka
A ranar 1 ga Afrilu, gwamnatin Mali ta sanar da cewa ta gama aikin soja na kwana tara da ke kewaye da yankin Moura kuma an kashe 'yan ta'adda sama da 203.

Sakamakon kafofin sada zumunta da ke nuna cewa an yi kisan kiyashi a cikin birni ya bazu cikin sauri a cikin ƙasar, wanda ya haifar da gardama. A ranar 5 ga Afrilu, Human Rights Watch ta fitar da babban rahoto wanda ya ba da cikakken bayani game da kewayewar, wanda ya bayyana cewa sojojin Mali sun kashe fararen hula sama da 300 a cikin abin da ta kira "mafi munin zalunci" a tarihin Yaƙin Mali.

Rahoton ya jawo hankalin kasa da kasa, kuma kisan kiyashi ya sami hukunci daga Ofishin Harkokin Waje na Tarayya Jamus,  Faransa,  Cibiyar Jama'a a Rikicin (CIVIC),  Jami'in Tarayyar Turai Josep Borrell,  Harkokin Duniya Kanada,  da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka.

Jami'in Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Alioune Tine ya nemi a gudanar da bincike kan lamarin a ranar 6 ga Afrilu.  Gwamnatin Mali ta bude bincike washegari, wanda wakilan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suka taya murna a Mali. A ranar 20 ga Afrilu Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta nuna damuwa cewa Mali ba ta bari masu bincike su shiga Moura.

Christine Lambrecht, Ministan Tsaro na Jamus, ta gaya wa manema labarai a ranar 9 ga Afrilu tana da shakku mai yawa game da shiga kasar ta cikin rikici yayin da "tambayar ta taso game da ko wannan [tsarin soja na Jamus] zai iya jituwa da dabi'unmu, musamman idan dole ne mu shaida ta'addanci kamar a Moura. " [1] Annalena Baerbock, Ministan Harkokin Waje, ta nuna irin wannan damuwa.

A ranar 8 ga Afrilu Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Rasha ta taya murna da ayyukan Mali, ta bayyana rahotanni game da kisan kiyashi a matsayin "rashin fahimta". A wannan rana, Faransa ta tsara wani tsari a Majalisar Tsaro ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don bincika zargin da ake yi a lokacin yakin, wanda Rasha da China suka ƙi a kan dalilin cewa ba ya dace a bude bincike har sai sojojin Mali sun sanar da shi.

A ƙarshen watan Afrilu Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin, ko GSIM, ya ce ya kama wani mayaƙin Wagner Group. GSIM ta yi Allah wadai da kisan kiyashi.

A ranar 12 ga Mayu 2023, Ofishin Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 'Yancin Dan Adam (OHCHR) ya buga wani rahoto game da kisan kiyashi wanda ya kasance sakamakon aikin gano gaskiyar da Sashen 'Yancin Mutum na MINUSMA ya dauka.

## Bayanan da aka ambata