open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Farin sarauta

Girman fifiko shi ne imani cewa farar fata sun fi na sauran jinsi. Imani yana goyon bayan kiyayewa da kare duk wani iko da gata da fararen fata ke da shi. Girman fata yana da tushe a cikin rukunan wariyar launin fata na kimiyya da ba a yarda da su ba kuma ya kasance mabuɗin hujja ga mulkin mallaka na Turai.

A matsayinta na akidar siyasa, tana dorawa tare da kiyaye al'adu, zamantakewa, siyasa, tarihi ko ma'aikatun farar fata da magoya bayan ba fararen fata. A baya, an aiwatar da wannan akidar ta hanyar tsarin tattalin arziki da na doka kamar cinikin bayi na Atlantic, aikin mulkin mallaka na Turai da ayyukan zamantakewa, Scramble for Africa, Jim Crow dokokin a Amurka, ayyukan Kotun Ƙasar Ƙasa a New Zealand, [4] manufofin White Ostiraliya daga 1890s zuwa tsakiyar 1970s, da Afirka ta Kudu [6]. Wannan akidar ita ma a yau tana nan a tsakanin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya.

Maɗaukakin fari yana ƙarƙashin ƙungiyoyin ƙungiyoyi na zamani waɗanda suka haɗa da farar kishin ƙasa, farar wariyar launin fata, Neo-Nazism, da ƙungiyar Identity na Kirista.[7] A cikin Amurka, fifikon farar fata yana da alaƙa da farko tare da Aryan Nations, White Aryan Resistance, da Ku Klux Klan (KKK), waɗanda kuma ana ɗaukar su a matsayin antisemitic, kodayake wannan ba lallai ba ne abin da ake buƙata. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, gidajen yanar gizo irin su Twitter (wanda aka sani da X tun Yuli 2023), Reddit, da Stormfront, sun ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka aiki da sha'awar fifikon fari.[9]

Daban-daban nau'o'i na girman girman farar fata suna da ra'ayi daban-daban game da wanda ake ganin farar fata (ko da yake misalin gabaɗaya mai haske ne, masu launin gashi, da masu launin shuɗi - halayen da aka fi sani da su a arewacin Turai kuma waɗanda ake kallon pseudoscientifically a matsayin halaye na kabilar Aryan), kuma ba dukkanin ƙungiyoyin fararen fata sun yarda a kan wanene babban abokin gaba ba. Kungiyoyi daban-daban na masu tsattsauran ra'ayi sun gano kabilanci, kabilanci, addini, da sauran abokan gaba, [10] galibi na zuriyar Saharar Afirka, 'yan asalin Amurka da Oceania, Asiya ta Gabas, Asiya ta Kudu maso Gabas, Asiya ta Kudu, Asiya ta Tsakiya, mutane da yawa, mutanen Gabas ta Tsakiya / Arewacin Afirka, Yahudawa, [11] [12] [13] mutane.[14][15][16][17]

A cikin amfani da ilimi, musamman a ka'idar kabilanci mai mahimmanci ko tsaka-tsaki, "fararen fifiko" kuma yana nufin tsarin zamantakewa wanda fararen fata ke jin daɗin fa'ida (gata) akan sauran kabilu, a matakin gamayya da daidaikun mutane, duk da daidaiton shari'a.[18][19][20][21][22

## Tarihi
Mulkin fari yana da ginshiƙan akida waɗanda suka samo asali tun ƙarni na 18 na kimiyyar wariyar launin fata, mafi girman yanayin bambancin ɗan adam wanda ya tsara dangantakar ƙasa da ƙasa da manufofin launin fata tun daga ƙarshen zamanin wayewa har zuwa ƙarshen karni na 20.

## Manazarta
Taro ba bisa ka'ida ba

Taro ba bisa ka'ida ba kalma ce ta shari'a don siffanta gungun mutane da nufin juna na dagula zaman lafiya da gangan. Idan kungiyar za ta fara wani abin tada hankali, ana kiranta da mugunyar aiki; idan aka fara tashin hankali, sai a ce tashin hankali. A Ingila, an soke laifin a 1986, amma akwai a wasu ƙasashe.

## Tarihi
Ma'anar laifin taron haram ya bayyana a cikin Dokar Laifukan Laifukan da Sir James Fitzjames Stephens ya fara shiryawa a 1878 don Majalisar Dokokin Burtaniya.[1] Yawancin hukunce-hukuncen sun yi amfani da wannan doka a matsayin tushen nasu na tsara dokar laifuka.

## Ostiraliya
A Ostiraliya, a Victoria laifi ne ga mutum ya shiga cikin taron da ba bisa ka'ida ba, ko kuma ya kasa watsewa bisa buƙata.[2] Matsakaicin hukuncin ɗaurin shekara ɗaya ne[3].

## Bangladesh
Sashi na 144 wani sashe ne na kundin tsarin laifuka, wanda ya haramta taron mutane biyar ko fiye, da gudanar da taron jama'a, da ɗaukar bindigogi kuma ana iya kiransa har tsawon wata biyu.[4][5][6]. Har ila yau, yana ba wa majistare ikon ba da oda cikakke a lokaci ɗaya a cikin gaggawa na tashin hankali ko hatsarin kama[7]. Tare da gabatar da 'yan sandan birnin Dhaka (DMP) a cikin 1976, Sashe na 144 ya daina aiki a cikin ikon birni a Bangladesh.[8]

## Kanada
Karkashin Sashe na II na Kundin Laifukan Laifukan Kanada (Laukan Laifukan Kan Jama'a) "Taro ba bisa ka'ida ba taro ne na mutane uku ko fiye waɗanda, da niyyar aiwatar da duk wata manufa ta gama gari, suna taruwa ta irin wannan hanya ko kuma su gudanar da kansu lokacin da aka taru don sa mutane a cikin matsugunin majalisa su ji tsoro, bisa dalilai masu ma'ana, cewa su (a) za su tayar da tarzoma ba tare da wata matsala ba. sauran mutane su dagula zaman lafiya cikin hargitsi[9].

## Manazarta
Cool tropics paradox

Yanayin zafi mai sanyi shine babban bambanci tsakanin ƙididdige ƙididdiga na yanayin zafi na wurare masu zafi a lokacin dumi, lokutan da babu kankara na Cretaceous da Eocene, da yanayin sanyi waɗanda wakilai suka nuna sun kasance. An warware matsalar da aka dade tana dadewa lokacin da novel proxy yanayin zafi da aka samu ya nuna yanayin zafi mai zafi a lokacin yanayin sanyi na baya. Matsalolin ƙananan gradient, watau yankuna masu zafi na polar dangane da yau, har yanzu batu ne ga yanayin yanayi na zamani.
 

## Manazarta
Keech v Metropolitan Health Service

Keech v Metropolitan Health Service wani shari'ar kotu ce da aka yanke hukunci a Kotun Tarayya ta Ostiraliya inda aka yi la'akari da keɓancewa game da ayyukan Jiha ko Yanki da ke cikin Dokar Wariya ta Zamani 2004.

## Al'amarin
Mai nema, Keech, ya ji rauni a wurin aiki yana da shekaru 66. RiskCover, kamfanin inshora na Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a, ya karɓi alhaki kuma ya biya diyya a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kula da Rauni da Rauni na Ma'aikata 1981 (WA) (Dokar WA). Dokar WA ta ba da tsare-tsare daban-daban na biyan kuɗi wanda ma'aikatan da suka ji rauni kafin su kai shekaru 64 za su sami damar biyan diyya har sai sun cika shekaru 65, kuma ma'aikatan da suka ji rauni bayan sun kai wannan shekaru za su sami damar biyan diyya na shekara guda bayan ranar da aka samu rauni.

Keech ta bayar da hujjar cewa ta hanyar biyan diyya na tsawon lokacin da Dokar WA ta tsara, Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Biritaniya ta yi mata kyau fiye da ƙaramin ma'aikaci wanda ya sami rauni a wurin aiki a daidai lokacin da ta yi. Ta kuma bayar da hujjar cewa ba a keɓance ayyukan Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Biritaniya daga Dokar Bambancin Shekaru saboda ba ta bi ka'ida kai tsaye ga Dokar WA - wato Dokar WA ta tsara kwanan wata da hakkin biyan diyya zai iya dainawa, amma bai wajabta ma'aikata su daina biyan kuɗi a wannan lokacin ba.

## Hukuncin
Siopis J yayi la'akari da cewa ba zai yuwu ba halin Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Biritaniya ya zama nuna wariya na shekaru amma ya ga bai zama dole a tantance wannan batun ba, saboda a kowane hali sun bi dokar WA kai tsaye. Mai martaba ya fassara dokar WA da cewa ta dora wa masu daukar ma'aikata biyan diyya na wani lokaci da aka kayyade kuma wanda ake kara ya bi wannan bukata kai tsaye. Don haka, aikin ma'aikaci ya keɓe daga Dokar Wariya ta Zamani.

Wannan labarin ya ƙunshi abun ciki da aka samo daga fitowar Oktoba 2011 na "Dokar Wariya ta Tarayya", wanda Hukumar Kare Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta Australiya ta samar, wacce ke da lasisi a ƙarƙashin Lasisin Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Ostiraliya.
Asusun Zuba Jari na Yanayi

An kafa asusun zuba jari na yanayi (CIF) a shekara ta 2008 a matsayin asusun sauyin yanayi na bangarori daban-daban domin ba da gudummawar ayyukan gwaji a kasashe masu tasowa bisa bukatar G8 da G20. CIF tana gudanar da tarin shirye-shirye tare da ra'ayi na taimakawa al'ummomi don yakar tasirin sauyin yanayi da kuma hanzarta tafiyar da su zuwa tattalin arziƙin ƙananan carbon.

Tariye Gbadegesin, Ba’amurke Ba’amurke, shi ne shugaban CIF na yanzu.[1] CIF yana aiki tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da gwamnatoci, kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, ƙungiyoyin jama'a, al'ummomin gida, da manyan bankunan ci gaba da yawa guda shida (MDBs).[2]

Cibiyoyin zuba jari na CIF suna kulawa da hukumar gudanarwa wanda ke ba da iko daidai ga masu ba da gudummawa da ƙasashe masu karɓa tare da bayanai daga masu sa ido na hukuma da ke wakiltar kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, ƙungiyoyin jama'a, da kuma 'yan asalin ƙasar.[3]

CIF ya ƙunshi kuɗi biyu; Asusun Fasaha Mai Tsabta da Asusun Dabarun Yanayi.

## Manazarta
Jama Hassan Khalif

**Jama Hassan Khalif** ɗan siyasan Somaliya ne kuma tsohon ministan sadarwa da fasaha. Firayim Ministan Sudan, Hamza Abdi Barre ne ya nada shi a shekarar 2022 kuma a shekarar 2024 Mohamed Adam Moalim ya maye gurbinsa. 

## haramccin Tik tok, Telegram da  1Xbet
A lokacin mulkin Jama, ya ba da umarnin haramta Tiktok, Telegram da aikace-aikacen 1Xbet. A cewarsa, haramcin ya kasance don dakile bayanan da ba daidai ba da kuma nuna abubuwan ban tsoro a yanar gizo. 

## Manazarta
Mohamed Adam Moalim

**Mohamed Adam Moalim Ali** ɗan Somaliya ne, memba ne na Majalisar Tarayya ta Somalia kuma ministan Sadarwa da Fasaha na kasar Somaliya a yanzu.

## Ilimi
Mohamed Adam Moalim Ali ya anshi digiri na biyu na Jami'ar MAHSA a Gudanar da Kasuwanci . 

## Matsayin Minista
Mohamed Adam Moalim Ali ya yi aiki a matsayin ministoci a wasu ma'aikatu kamar Ministan Dabbobi, gandun daji da iyaka da Ministan Ayyukan Jama'a, sake gine-ginan da gidaje. A ranar 17 ga Afrilu, 2024, an nada shi a matsayin Ministan Sadarwa da Fasaha. 

## Manazarta
'Yancin Dan Adam a Antigua da Barbuda

Haƙƙin ɗan adam a Antigua da Barbuda sun ƙunshi jerin haƙƙoƙin da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Antigua da Barbuda ke kiyaye shi ta doka. Bugu da kari, majalisar dokokin Antigua da Barbuda ta amince da yarjejeniyoyin kasa da kasa daban-daban da yarjejeniyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama na al'ummarta. Idan wani a Antigua da Barbuda ya yi imanin cewa an keta haƙƙinsu na tsarin mulki, za su iya ɗaukaka ƙara zuwa Babban Kotun Antigua da Barbuda.

## Daidaitawar jinsi
Antigua da Barbuda suna fuskantar manyan batutuwa tare da daidaito tsakanin jinsi. Ya zuwa watan Disamba na 2020, Antigua da Barbuda sun karɓi kashi 44.4% na tsarin doka waɗanda ke kare haƙƙin mata,  kuma ya zuwa Disamba na 2024, kashi 5.6% na kujerun da ke cikin Majalisar Wakilai  da kuma kashi 41.2% na kujerar da aka gudanar a Majalisar Dattijai da ba a zaba ba mata ne.  Mata sun tashi zuwa wasu muhimman mukamai na siyasa a Antigua da Barbuda, kamar tsohon gwamnan janar Louise Lake-Tack, masu magana da yawa na Majalisar Wakilai, da shugaban majalisar dattijai na yanzu Alincia Williams-Grant. Matar farko da aka zaba a Majalisar Wakilai ita ce Jacqui Quinn-Leandro a shekara ta 2004.  Nuna bambanci ta hanyar jima'i a Antigua da Barbuda an haramta shi ta sashi na uku na Kundin Tsarin Mulki.

## 'Yanci

### 'Yanci na' yan jarida
'Yanci na' yan jarida ba shi da tarihin da ya dace. A ranar 23 ga watan Yulin 1982 a lokacin gwamnatin V. C. Bird, jami'an 'yan sanda ashirin sun kai hari The Outlet, wata jarida mai adawa da gwamnati. Daga baya a wannan shekarar, Babban Kotun ta yanke hukuncin cewa harin bai dace da kundin tsarin mulki ba. Editan jaridar, Tim Hector, daga baya aka tuhume shi da cin mutunci saboda maganganunsa a cikin jaridar, kodayake Majalisar Privy daga baya ta yanke hukuncin cewa wannan matakin bai dace da kundin tsarin mulki ba. Ana ci gaba da kai farmaki ga manema labarai a Antigua da Barbuda, tare da Firayim Minista Gaston Browne akai-akai yana kai karar abokan adawarsa na siyasa da jaridu na adawa don ɓata suna.

### 'Yanci na addini
Gabaɗaya ana mutunta 'yancin yin addini a Antigua da Barbuda. Koyaya, gwamnatin Antigua da Barbuda Labour Party ta yanzu ta yi amfani da gabatarwar kundin tsarin mulkin Antigua da Barbuda a matsayin hujja don shigar da addini a makarantun gwamnati. Bayan jerin tashe-tashen hankula na matasa a cikin 2024, Browne ya buƙaci dukan makarantun gwamnati a ƙasar su gudanar da addu'ar Kirista na wajibi a taronsu na safe. Har ila yau, a cikin 2024, gwamnati ta kafa ranar addu'a ta kasa. Gwamnati ta nuna jajircewa ga kare Rastafarians, duk da haka.

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Hassan Moalim

**Hassan Moalim** ya kasance memba ne na majalisar dokokin tarayya na Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Somaliya yana aiki a wa'adi na biyu kuma a halin yanzu Ministan Tsarin Mulki da Adalci ne a karkashin Shugaba Hassan Sheikh Mohamud . 

## Farkon rayuwa
An haifi Hassan Moalim a Mogadishu a cikin shekarun 1970s. A yanxu shi ne shugaba kuma dan takarar shugaban kasa na Jam'iyyar Daljir . 

## Manazarta
Dr. Flavia Senkubuge

Dr.Flavia Senkubuge (an haife ta a shekara ta 1978 ko 1979) likita ce ta Afirka ta Kudu, farfesa a fannin likitancin jama'a, mai ba da shawara kan lafiyar jama'a ta duniya kuma tsohon shugaban kwalejojin likitancin Afirka ta Kudu. Tana da shekaru 39, ita ce shugabar kwalejin mafi ƙanƙanta kuma bakar fata ta farko da ta riƙe wannan matsayi.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Ta girma Senkubuge a cikin Lady Frere, sannan a cikin Transkei. Ta koma Queenstown da ke Gabashin Cape, inda ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta ’yan mata ta Queenstown don kammala karatun sakandare. A matsayinta na 1996 Eastern Cape Matric na shekara, ta sami babban girma da aka ba a yankin. 

## Bincike da aiki
Ta kammala karatun digirin digirgir a fannin lafiyar jama'a, MMed a fannin likitancin jama'a da kuma MB ChB daga Jami'ar Pretoria. Bugu da ƙari, tana da Fellowship na Kwalejin Magungunan Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Kwalejojin Magunguna na Afirka ta Kudu da MBA daga Makarantar Kasuwancin Edinburgh a Jami'ar Heriot-Watt a Burtaniya. ] Ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar Dean: Alakar masu ruwa da tsaki a fannin kiwon lafiya a tsangayar kimiyyar lafiya ta Jami'ar Pretoria.A matsayinta na shugabar hukumar ba da shawara ta Afirka ta WHO/AFRO a kan bincike da ci gaba, ta ba da shawara ga daraktan yanki na WHO/AFRO kan batutuwan da suka shafi bincike da ci gaban lafiya a Afirka.] Senkubuge ya zama shugaban taron duniya kan taba ko lafiya. A cikin 2025, Senkubuge ya zama shugaban tsangayar kimiyyar lafiya a Jami'ar Pretoria.

## Manazarta
Khaled Al-Aiser

**Khaled Ali Al-Aiser** ɗan jaridar kasar Sudan ne kuma Ministan Al'adu da Bayanai na Jamhuriyar Sudan . 

## Sana'a
Khaled Ali Al-Aiser ya yi aiki a matsayin editan labarai na jaridar London, Al Zaman. Ya kuma kasance mai gabatar da shirin "Ra'ayin Sudan" a Al Sharqiyya .  A watan Nuwamba, 2024, an zabe shi a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar rikon kwarya ta Mulki, Lieutenant Janar Abdel Fattah al-Burhan ne ya nada shi a matsayin Ministan Al'adu da Bayanai inda ya gaji Graham Abdel Qader.

## Manazarta
Jemimah Kariuki

**Jemimah Kariuki** likita ce ta Kenya da ke ƙwarewa a fannin rigakafi, lafiyar uwaye da yara. A lokacin annobar COVID19 ta shirya sabis na motar asibiti wanda ya ba mata masu juna biyu damar samun damar kula da haihuwa. An lissafa ta a matsayin daya daga cikin Mata 100 na BBC a shekarar 2020.

## Ayyuka
Kariuki likita ce mai zaman kanta a fannin ilimin haihuwa da ilimin mata a Asibitin Kasa na Kenyatta a Jami'ar Nairobi .  Ita ce ta kafa kungiyar Peace Club, wacce aka fara ne don mayar da martani ga tashin hankali bayan zaben a shekara ta 2007, da kuma kungiyar kiwon lafiya ta jama'a, wacce aka sadaukar da ita ga rigakafi da wayar da kan jama'a game da ciwon daji.i.r.

A lokacin annobar COVID19 a Kenya, a matsayin likitan haihuwa, ta lura da raguwar marasa lafiya na uwa, amma karuwar rikitarwa, musamman a lokacin sa'o'in dokar hana fita. Kenya na ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe masu yawan mace-mace ga iyaye mata da yara, wanda dokar hana fita ta haifar da karuwa, a cewar masana. Kariuki ya fahimci cewa samun damar kiwon lafiya ya jinkirta saboda iyakantaccen zaɓuɓɓukan sufuri. Da farko ta yi amfani da dandalin sada zumunta na Twitter don neman tallafi daga kungiyoyin gwamnati da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu don jigilar iyaye masu juna biyu zuwa asibiti. Wannan ra'ayin ya haifar da Wheels for Life, sabis na motar asibiti kyauta.

## Kyaututtuka
A ranar 23 ga Nuwamba 2020, Kariuki ta kasance a cikin jerin BBC na Mata 100 mafi tasiri na shekara. 

25 Mayu 2021 - Kyautar Darakta Janar na WHO don Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya 2021 don nuna godiya ga gudummawar da ta bayar wajen inganta lafiyar duniya.

## Manazarta
Atinuke Olusola Adebanji

**Atinuke Olusola Adebanji** masanin kimiyya ce ta Najeriya .  Ita ce farfesa mace ta farko a fannin kididdiga a Ghana kuma shugabar kafa Sashen Kididdiga da Kimiyya a Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah a Ghana.

Atinuke Olusola Adebanji ita ce ta uku cikin yara tara a cikin iyalinta. Ta girma a GRA, Ilorin, Jihar Kwara, Najeriya. Ta sami Ph.D. a cikin kididdiga daga Jami'ar Ibadan a shekara ta 2006, kuma ta shiga Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah a matsayin babban malami, bayan haka aka inganta ta zuwa matsayin cikakken farfesa a 2018 a Jami'ar Kwame Ncrumah ta Kimiyya da Technology (KNUST).  Tafiyarta ta ilimi ta fara ne da digiri na farko a cikin kididdiga da aka samu daga Jami'ar Ilorin a shekarar 1990. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba zuwa Jami'ar Ibadan, inda ta kammala Jagoran Kimiyya a cikin kididdiga a shekara ta 2001. Bugu da ƙari, Adebanji tana da Jagora na Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a a cikin Jama'a, Iyali, da Kiwon Lafiya daga KNUST, wanda ta samu a cikin 2016. 

## Ayyuka
Atinuke ya fara ne a matsayin masanin lissafi na II a Sashin Ciniki na Ƙasashen Waje na Ofishin Kididdiga na Tarayya, Legas kuma daga baya ya shiga UAC Nig PLC a matsayin mai horar da lissafi daga 1992 zuwa 1994. Daga nan sai ta koma ilimi, ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar malami a Sashen Lissafi a Jami'ar Aikin Gona, Abeokuta, Najeriya, daga 2003 zuwa 2005, kafin ta zama malami na II daga 2005 zuwa 2007, kuma daga baya malami na I a Sashen Kididdiga a wannan jami'ar daga 2007 zuwa 2009. Daga baya, ta shiga Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah (KNUST) a Ghana, inda ta rike mukamin Babban Malami a Sashen Lissafi daga 2009 zuwa 2013. Tun daga shekara ta 2018, ta kasance Farfesa a Sashen Lissafi a KNUST  bayan ta kasance Mataimakin Farfesa na tsawon shekaru goma.   Bugu da ƙari, Adebanji ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Bincike a Spain)" id="mwSQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Institute of Mathematical Sciences (Spain)">Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Lissafi (ICMAT)  a Spain daga Fabrairu zuwa Agusta 2017.

Ita mai ba da shawara ce ga mata a STEM kuma ita ce mai kafawa da kuma mai da hankali ga Mata a Kimiyya, Fasaha, Injiniya da Lissafi, Ghana (WiSTEMGh) .  Atinuke Adebanji shine wanda ya kafa kuma mai kula da dakin gwaje-gwaje na KNUST don Nazarin Halitta (KNUST-LISA)  is).)

## Binciken bincike
Yankunan Atinuke na sha'awar bincike da ƙwarewa sun kasance a cikin nazarin bayanai masu yawa, nazarin bayanai na rukuni, da ƙididdigar ci gaba.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Atinuke a halin yanzu yana zaune a Kumasi, Ghana kuma yana da 'yar da' ya'ya maza biyu.

## Manazarta
Hukuncin kisa a Slovenia

An soke Hukuncin kisa a Slovenia a shekarar 1989, lokacin da har yanzu tana cikin Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Socialist Socialist ta Yugoslavia (kodayake ba a soke shi a matakin tarayya ba). Lokacin da Slovenia ta samu 'yancin kai kuma ta gabatar da kundin tsarin mulkin dimokuradinta a ranar 23 ga Disamba, 1991, hukuncin kisa ya zama abin da ba ya dace da kundin tsarin mulki. A ranar 1 ga Yuli, 1994, Ka’ida ta 6 ta Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam ta fara aiki. Daga baya kuma Slovenia ta karɓi Zaɓin Na Biyu na Yarjejeniyar Duniya kan Haƙƙin Siyasa da Na Ƙungiya.

## manazarta
Mutumin ƙarshe da aka yanke masa hukuncin kisa a Slovenia shi ne Franc Rihtarič, wanda aka kashe ta hanyar harbi da bindiga a ranar 30 ga Oktoba 1959 a Maribor.

## References
Amal Habani

**Amal Khalifa Idris Habani** (Arabic; an haife ta a ranar 19,ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1974) yar jaridar kasar Sudan ce kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam. 
## Tarihi da ilimi
Bayan kammala digirinta na Farko a fannin Nazarin Media daga jami'ar khartoum dake Kasar Sudan, Habani ta yi aiki a matsayin 'yar jarida mai zaman kanta kuma mai ba da gudummawa a gidan labarai na Sudan Mai suna *Al-Taghyeer* . Ita ce jigon-kafa kungiyar 'yancin' na yan jarida masu zaman kansu ta "Sudanese Journalists Network," wacce ke zaune a Khartoum ta Kasar Sudan.  

## Yunkurin kare hakkin dan adam
Habani ta kasance kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam ce. Ita ce jigo-kafa ƙungiyar mata ta Sudan Mai Suna (No to Oppression against Women), wato kungiyace na Hana zalunci GA Mata, A wani shiri na zamantakewa da aka kafa a shekarar 2009 wanda ke kira ga ayi canji a cikin dokokin Sudan da ke nuna bambanci da kuma yin wariyya ga mata a kasar Sudan. 

## Tsanantawa da azabtarwa
Hukumomin Sudan sun tsananta wa Habani sau da yawa ta hanyoyi da dama, sun tsare ta ,tare da azabtarwa,  dangane da yadda take nuna zanga-zangar ta Kan farar hula da kuma keta 'yancin su . A shekarar  2013, an tsare ta na kwanaki a wani wuri da ba a bayyana ba, bayan ta bayyar  da bayani da ya dace ayi game da yanda Yan sanda ke meyar da martani  na zanga-zangar a Khartoum. A cikin shekarar 2017, an kama ta ne dangane da yadda ta yi magana game da shari'ar da akayi da  wata kungiya ta kare hakkin dan adam da ake zargi da "bugawa rahotanni na karya". Bayan ta ki biyan tarar kuma ta gwamaci  a ɗaure ta, an sake ta bayan kamfen ɗin da akayi na tara kudade da yake yin rubuce-rubuce game da take hakkin dan adam, an kuma kama Habani a ranar 16, ga watan Janairun , shekarar 2018 kuma daga 16 ga Janairu zuwa 18 ga Fabrairu 2023 don kasancewa a Cikin wani ɓangare na zanga-zangar jama'a game da farashin kayayyaki da rikicin karyewan  tattalin arziki da ke fuskantar Kasar Sudan. 

A ƙarshen shekarar 2023, Habani da 'ya'yanta maza sun sami mafaka daga Gidauniyar Panter ta Jamus Mai suna (Reporters without Borders) a  Kasar Berlin,Jamus, 

## Kyaututtuka da ta karba

* Habani ta Karbi kyauta a fannin kare hakkin Dan Adam kuma kin nuna zalunci GA Mata A Kasar Sudan (the Human Rights Activist Award with the No to Oppression against Women Initiative in 2014 from the EU delegation in Sudan.)
* Habani ta kuma karban lambar yabo a (recognition for her courageous opposition outside of her country): in 2014, Amnesty International awarded her the prestigious Ginetta Sagan Prize.
* In 2018 Habani was among the journalists described as "The Guardians" who were named Time Person of the Year of the United States news magazine *[[Time (magazine)|Time]]*.
* International Press Freedom Award 2018 

## Manazarta
Borno ta Kudu

**Borno ta Kudu** tana ɗaya daga cikin gundumomi uku na sanatoci a Jihar Borno, Najeriya. Da yake a kudancin jihar, gundumar ta ƙunshi  ƙananan hukumomi 9. Ƙananan hukumomin sun haɗa da: Biu, Hawul, Kwaya Kusar, Shani, Damboa, Chibok, Askira / Uba, Bay, Gwoza. Mohammed Ali Ndume shi ne sanata a halin yanzu wanda ke wakiltar gundumar, tun shekarar 2011 yake wakiltar gundumar.

## Sanatocin Borno t Kudu

## Manazarta
Awa Marie Coll-Seck

Awa Marie Coll-Seck (an haife ta a shekara ta 1951 a birnin Dakar na kasar Senegal) 'yar kasar Senegal kwararre ce kan cututtuka masu yaduwa kuma 'yar siyasa wacce ta rike mukamin ministar kiwon lafiya ta kasar Senegal daga 2001 zuwa 2003 da kuma daga 2012 zuwa 2017. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin tsohuwar Darakta na kungiyar Roll Back Malaria Partnership kuma tana cikin kwamitin gudanarwa na kungiyoyin lafiya da dama na duniya. Ita ce mai ba da gudummawar ajandar taron tattalin arzikin duniya.
## Ilimi da wallafe-wallafe

Wannan sashe na tarihin rayuwar mutum mai rai bai haɗa da wata magana ko tushe ba. Da fatan za a taimaka ta ƙara ingantaccen tushe. Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa game da mutane masu rai waɗanda ba su da tushe ko kuma ba su da kyau dole ne a cire su nan da nan.
Nemo tushe: "Awa Marie Coll-Seck" - labarai · jaridu · littattafai · masani · JSTOR (Yuli 2020) (Koyi yadda da kuma lokacin da za a cire wannan sakon)
Bayan samun digiri a fannin likitanci a shekarar 1978 daga Jami'ar Dakar, Coll-Seck ya yi aiki na kusan shekaru ashirin a matsayin kwararre kan cututtuka masu yaduwa a manyan asibitoci a Dakar, Senegal da Lyon, Faransa. A cikin 1989, an nada ta Farfesa a fannin Magunguna da Cututtuka a Jami'ar Dakar kuma Shugabar Ma'aikatan Kula da Cututtuka a Asibitin Jami'ar da ke Dakar

Coll-Seck shine marubucin wallafe-wallafen kimiyya sama da 150 da sadarwa akan batutuwa daban-daban (ciki har da zazzabin cizon sauro, kyanda, sankarau, tetanus, zazzabin typhoid, tarin fuka, HIV/AIDS da cututtukan zuciya), kuma memba ne na sama da 20 ƙwararrun al'ummomi da ƙungiyoyi.

## Sana'a
Daga 1996 zuwa 2001, Coll-Seck ya yi aiki a matsayin Darakta a shirin hadin gwiwa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan cutar kanjamau (UNAIDS) a hedkwatarsa da ke Geneva, Switzerland. Ta jagoranci Ma'aikatar Manufofin, Dabaru da Bincike, mafi girma a cikin UNAIDS wanda ya ƙunshi rukuni daban-daban na likitoci, ma'aikatan jinya, masu bincike, da sauran manufofin kasa da kasa da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun "mafi kyawun aiki" jagora don taimakawa gwamnatoci da ƙungiyoyin jama'a a haɓaka martanin ƙasa da al'umma game da cutar AIDS ta duniya. Tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da annobar yayin da yake kula da ma'aikatan UNAIDS da ke aiki a ofisoshin yankuna hudu da kuma ofisoshin matakin kasa a fadin Afirka, Asiya, Gabas da Tsakiyar Turai, da Latin Amurka da Caribbean. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin kwamishina a kwamitin babban sakataren Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Kofi Annan mai kula da cutar kanjamau da gudanar da mulki a Afirka

Daga 2001-2003, Coll Seck ya zama Ministan Lafiya da Rigakafi na Jamhuriyar Senegal.[

## Manazarta
Rahma El Siddig Mustafa

**Rahma El Siddig Gasm Elbari Mustafa**, wanda aka fi sani da **Rahma El Siddig Mustafa** ko **Rahma Mustafa**, mai fafutukar kare hakkin nakasassu ne a Sudan.

An fi saninta da kin amincewa da a caje ta ƙarin kuɗin shiga jirgin kamfanin jiragen saman Kambodiya Bassaka Air saboda ita mai amfani da keken guragu ce.

## Farkon rayuwa da asali
Rahma El Siddig Gasm Elbari Mustafa (an haife ta a cikin shekarun 1980s) yar gwagwarmayar kare hakkin nakasassu ce kuma mai wayar da kai ce a  ƙasar Sudan. An fi saninta da kalubalantar nuna wariya a tafiye-tafiyen jiragen sama da kuma jagorancinta a cikin tafiyar duniya na " accessibility and inclusion". Mustafa ta fito ne daga Sudan kuma tana amfani da keken guragu, wanda hakan ya samar da abubuwan da ta fuskanta arayuwa da kuma gwagwarmayarta wajen kare hakkin nakasassu.

## Rayuwa
A watan Satumbar , shekarar 2015, Mustafa ta fito labarai bayan an caje ta karin US $ 240 don shiga Jirgin Bassaka Air daga Siem Reap zuwa Phnom Penh saboda tana amfani da keken guragu kuma tana buƙatar taimako wajen shiga jirgin saman. Rahoton labarai na farko ya haifar da zarge-zargen da aka yi tayi tsakanin kamfanin jirgin sama da Kamfanin Gudanar da Filin Jiragen Sama na Cambodia.

Wannan zargi ya haifar da bincike daga Majalisar Ayyukan nakasassu ta Kambodiya don tantance ko akwai keta dokokin Kambodiya.

## Sana'a
A cikin shekara ta 2016, Mustafa ta kasance manajan shirin ADD International (a hukumance: Aiki kan Naƙasu da Ci gaba).  Ta kasance memba a cikin tattaunawar kwamitin Ma'aikatar Ci gaban Duniya ta Burtaniya da taron sadarwar a ranar 17 ga watan Nuwamba,shekara ta 2016. 

A cikin shekara 2018, an ba ta kyauta daga Ƙungiyar Naƙasassun Duniya ta Switzerland don karatun haƙƙin nakasassu a Cibiyar Shari'a da Manufofin Naƙassu, wani ɓangare na Jami'ar Kasar Ireland . 

A cikin shekara ta 2019, ta wakilci Ƙungiyar naƙassasu Sudan ta Mutanen da ke da nakasa ta jiki, a wani taro kan Yarjejeniyar kan 'Yancin Mutanen da ke da nakasa da Manufofin Ci Gaba.

A cikin shekara ta 2020, Mustafa ta kasance memba a taron Majalisar Tattalin Arziki da Jama'a ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Inclusive Humanitarian Action = Effective Humanitarian Act . 

## Wasu daga chikin wallafe-wallafen

* Mustafa, R & Ouertani, I, Oktoba 2021, 'Yan gudun hijirar Tigray da ke da nakasa a sansanonin Gabashin Sudan, Taimako na Musulunci 

## Manazarta
Hukuncin kisa a yankin Tekun Indiya na Burtaniya

Hukuncin kisa a Ƙasar Yankin Tekun Indiya na Burtaniya (British Indian Ocean Territory) ba a yarda da shi ba a ƙarƙashin dokar cikin gida ta ƙasar, daidai da matsayar duk sauran Yankunan kasashen waje na Burtaniya.

A ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan wata yarjejeniya ta ƙasa da ƙasa da aka kulla a shekarar 1966, yawancin mazauna Tsibirin Birtaniya na Indiya (BIOT) mambobi ne na rundunar sojin Amurka, kuma suna ƙarƙashin dokokin soja na Amurka dangane da laifukan da suka aikata, wanda ke ba da damar yanke hukuncin kisa. Sai dai yarjejeniyar ta kuma bayyana cewa: “Ba za a aiwatar da hukuncin kisa a cikin wannan yanki ta hannun hukumomin sojin Amurka ba.

Ga mutanen da suke ƙarƙashin dokar laifuka ta Tsibirin Birtaniya na Indiya  wanda galibi ya shafi masu gudanarwa da baƙi da ke cikin ruwan yankin BIOT  dokar koto *1983* ta tanada cewa, a mafi yawan lokuta kuma idan babu wata doka ta musamman a yankin da ta shafi batun, dokar BIOT za ta kasance daidai da "dokar Ingila yadda take aiki a kowane lokaci a Ingila".
## Manazarta
Hukuncin kisa a Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya

Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya ta soke hukuncin kisa, bayan Majalisar Dokoki ta kasa ta amince da kudirin soke shi a ranar 27 ga Mayu, 2022. Kafin a soke shi a cikin doka, ana ɗaukar ƙasar a matsayin "Mai Soke Hukuncin Kisa Ta Aiki." Ƙasar ta yi karshe da aiwatar da hukuncin kisa ne a watan Janairu 1981, inda aka kashe wasu maza shida da ba a bayyana sunayensu ba.

## manazarta
A shekarar 2018, Roland Achille Bangue-Betangai, Shugaban Kwamitin Kula da Dokoki na Majalisar dokokin Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, ya gabatar da kudirin doka na soke hukuncin kisa a ƙasar.. A watan Maris na shekara ta gaba, Shugaban Majalisar Dokoki, Laurent Ngon-Baba, ya kafa kwamitin haɗin gwiwa domin nazarin wannan kudiri.

## References
Siham Daoud Anglo

**Siham Daoud Anglo** (Arabic) ɗan sudan ne, kuma ɗan gwagwarmayar kare hakkin ɗan adam ne ci gaban al'umma da gina zaman lafiya.

Anglo na daga cikin mata 16 yan Sudan da aka zaba saboda kokarin da suka yi na gina zaman lafiya a Sudan, kuma an ambace su tare da mata 1000 da aka gabatar don Kyautar Nobel ta Zaman Lafiya a shekara ta 2005. Hoton bayania na Anglo na ɗaya daga cikin hotunan mata uku da ke kan bangon littafin da ke nuna mata 1000 da suka hada duniya.

A shekara ta 1987, Anglo ta dauki mataki na taimakawa mata da suka rasa muhallinsu a Sudan. Ta kafa cibiyar horo wacce ke samar da ƙwararun ma aikata mata  wurare da yawa na aiki. Ta fara aikin ne daga gidanta, wanda ya sanya wa iyalanta matsin lamba sosai. Anglo ta fara wannan aikin don tallafawa matan Nubian da suka rasa muhallinsu, mata daga wasu kabilu da iyalansu a yankin Zagalona Omduramn. An fara aikin ne ta hanyar koyar da mata yin sana'a da rinin kaya da dinki da kuma "Tie-Dye” a cikin 1994, kimanin mata 180 sun kammala horon su da sabbon sana'ar su ya samar da a matsayin matsakaici na rayuwa ga iyalansu.

Cibiyar Anglo ta taimaka wa mata da yawa a Sudan wajen yaki da jahilci.  Anglo ta shiga Nuba Mountains Women for Peace (NMWP) a shekarar 1998 matasayin jajirceciyya.

## Aiki
Anglo ta hanyar matan Sudan don zaman lafiya ta bada gudumawa gina mata kuma ta taimaka musu wajen yin kokarin gina zaman lafiya.

Ta hanyar aikin Angalo tare da mata a Cibiyar Zag Rags ta horar da mata ɗaruruwan kan sutura da sana'a don samun kudin shiga.

Maganar Anglo a taron majalisar Deir Ezzor . 

## Manazarta
Hukuncin kisa a Jamhuriyar Kongo

An soke Hukuncin kisa a Jamhuriyar Kongo a shekarar 2015. Ƙasar ta aiwatar da hukuncin kisa na ƙarshe a shekarar 1982. Kafin a soke hukuncin kisa, ana ɗaukar Jamhuriyar Kongo a matsayin “Mai Soke Hukuncin Kisa Ta Aiki.” Jamhuriyar Kongo ba ta cikin ƙasashen da suka rattaba hannu kan Ƙarin Yarjejeniyar ta Biyu ga Yarjejeniyar Duniya kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Siyasa.

## manazarta
Hajja Kashif Badri

Hajja Kashif Badri 
## Rayuwarta ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Hajja Kashif Badri kuma ta girma a Omdurman, kusa da Khartoum kuma tayi makarantar sakandarenta a Omdurman .  Ta kammala karatu gaba da sakandari a Jami'ar Khartoum a shekarar 1956 sannan ta sami  kwalin (MA) a fannin tarihi daga Jami'ar Cairo, dake Kasar Misira.

## fafutukanta
Ta girma a cikin iyali masu ilimi wanda shine ya ba mata damar jin daɗin 'yanci mai ban mamaki kuma wannan ya ƙarfafa mata gwiwa ta zama mai fafutuka da neman yancin mata. Ta yi aiki a "ma'aikatar bayanai ta jihar kuma a matsayin malama, sau da yawa ta kanyi rubutu ga manema labarai game da abubuwan da suka shafi yanci mata. "  Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin membobin kungiyar da suka kafa (tare da Fatima Talib Ismaeil) na Kungiyar Mata ta Sudan a cikin shekarar 1952,  wanda aka fara da manufar cima abu mai ƙarfi da tasiri don yiwa iyali hidima, da mata masu aiki, 'yan makaranta, da sauransu kuma musamman kan matan karkara a Kasar Sudan. A Shekarar 1956, ta kafa wata mujallar al'adu na kowane wata da ake kira *al-Qafila*, amma ba'a Jima ba ta daina bugawa.

## Ayyukanta a siyasa
Ta kasance tsohowar shugabar Majalisar Kula da Lafiyar Jama'a ta Kasar Sudan a matsayin ministan Jin dadi da walwala .  (Mijinta ma  ya rike mukamin gwamnati a matsayin tsohon Ministan Noma Ali Altoam da ɗanta, Dokta Akram Ali Altoam,  ya zama Ministan Lafiya na Sudan, bayan Juyin Juya Halin Disamba, a cikin 2019.  ) 

## Alkawarin kasa da kasa
Ta kasance Babban Sakatariyar Hukumar Kasa ta UNESCO  kuma ta kasance daya daga Cikin membobin kafa kungiyar Red Crescent ta Sudan. 

## Kadan daga ayyukanta
Sunan ta na  farko  Badri wani lokacin akan rubuta shi a Matsayin Haga .

* Badri, Haga K. *Al-ḥarakah Al-Nisāʼīyah Fī Al-Sūdān*. al-Kharṭūm: Dār Jāmiʻat al-Khanṭūm, 1984. Bugawa.
* Badri, Haga K. Ƙungiyar Mata a Sudan. New Delhi: Kamfanin Dillancin Labaran Asiya, 1986. Bugawa.
* Badri, Haga K. Kwarewata a matsayin mai bincike mata. Birnin New Delhi, 1987. Bugawa.

## References
Hukuncin kisa a Slovakia

An soke **[[Hukuncin Kisa|hukuncin kisa]]** a ƙasar Slovakia (a Slovak: Trest smrti) a shekarar 1990, kuma hukuncin da ya fi tsanani da doka ke yarda da shi yanzu shi ne ɗaurin rai da rai Kafin wannan lokaci, hukuncin kisa yana yawan faruwa a ƙasashen Czechoslovakia, Slovak State, Austria-Hungary, Daular Hungary, da kuma kusan duk wata ƙungiyar siyasa da ta taɓa wanzuwa a yankin da ake kira Slovakia a yau. Tun daga shekarar 1989, ba a yi wani hukuncin kisa a Slovakia ba, sai dai wasu kashe-kashen siyasa masu ce-ce-ku-ce da Hukumar Sirrin Slovakia ta aikata a shekarun 1990. Tun daga lokacin, babu rahotanni da ke nuna cewa gwamnati ko jami’anta sun aikata kisa ba bisa ka’ida ba ko na rashin bin doka.

## manazarta
Mutum na ƙarshe da aka yanke masa hukuncin kisa a Slovakia shi ne Štefan Svitek (mai shekara 28) daga Podbrezová, wanda ya kashe matarsa da ’ya’yansa mata biyu da gatari a shekarar 1987. An aiwatar da hukuncin kisa a kansa a ranar 8 ga Yuni, 1989 a birnin Bratislava, Czechoslovakia (a wancan lokacin).

## Ra'ayin jama'a
Wani binciken ra’ayi da aka gudanar a shekarar 2001 ya nuna cewa kashi 57% na mutane suna goyon bayan hukuncin kisa.

Wani binciken ra’ayi da hukumar MVK ta gudanar a shekarar 2005 domin jaridar SME ya nuna cewa kashi 61.7% na masu amsa tambayoyi suna goyon bayan dawo da hukuncin kisa a Slovakia.

## References
Hukuncin kisa a Togo

An soke Hukuncin kisa a ƙasar Togo a shekarar 2009.. Ƙasar ta aiwatar da hukuncin kisa na ƙarshe a shekarar 1978. Kafin a soke hukuncin kisa a doka, ana ɗaukar Togo a matsayin ƙasa mai "Soke Hukuncin Kisa Ta Aiki.

## manazarta
Togo ta rattaba hannu kan Ƙarin Yarjejeniyar ta Biyu ga Yarjejeniyar Zaɓuɓɓuka ta Biyu ga Alkawarin Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Bil'adama da Siyasa a ranar 14 ga Satumba, 2016. Har ila yau, Togo ta kada kuri’a a goyon bayan dakatar da aiwatar da hukuncin kisa da Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta yi a shekarar 2020.
Caryn Agyeman Prempeh

**Caryn Agyeman Prempeh** is a Ghanaian medical practitioner and entrepreneur. She is the founder of CERVIVA Ghana Foundation. 

## Ilimi
Caryn is the daughter of Asantehene, Otumfuo Nana Osei Tutu II King of Asante. She was named after her paternal grandmother Nana Afia Kobi Serwah Ampem II, the Late Asantehemaa.

She had her secondary education at St Rose's Senior High School, Akwatia and Headington Girls School, Oxford, (United Kingdom). She furthered to University College Of London, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology School Of Medical Science and Queen Mary University of London to study Biomedical Science, Medicine and Global Public Health respectively.

## Ayyuka
Caryn ta fara aikinta na likita a Asibitin Koyarwa na Komfo Anokye, Kumasi a cikin 2015 sannan ta koma Asibitin Soja 37. Ta kasance Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a Claron Health International da ke a yankin mazaunin filin jirgin sama a Accra - Ghana. A halin yanzu, Dr Caryn Agyeman Prempeh tana aiki a Asibitin LEKMA, karkashin Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Ghana tana neman sha'awarta ga lafiyar Jama'a (Kiwon Lafiyar Rigakafin).

A shekara ta 2011, ta kafa Cerviva Ghana, ba riba ba ce da ke samar da wayar da kan yara mata da kuma ilmantar da yara mata kan rigakafin cutar kansar mahaifa. Ita ce likitan tawagar Ghana Black Queens. 

Ita

## Haɗin waje

* Shafin Linkedin

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Sulemana Alijata

**Sulemana Alijata** (25 Agusta 1975) ɗan siyasan Ghana ne, ma'aikacin zamantakewa kuma tsohon Shugaban Gundumar / Memba na Majalisar Sissala Gabas a yankin Upper West na Ghana .   

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Alijata tana da aure (tare da yara). Ita musulma ce.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Alijata a ranar 25 ga watan Agusta 1975 a Tumu a yankin Upper West . 

Ta samu shaidar difloma a fannin ci gaban al’umma a Kwalejin Raya Karkara daga 2005 zuwa 2007. 

## Siyasa
Alijata memba ne na Majalisar Dattijai ta Kasa .  Ra'ayinta a siyasa ita ce gina da kuma karfafa mata a cikin jam'iyyar.

Ta kasance memba na kwamiti akan jinsi da yara, filaye da gandun daji. 

## Ayyuka

### Babban Darakta na Gundumar
An nada Alijata shugaban gundumar Sissala ta Yamma daga 2008 zuwa 2013. 

### Dan majalisa
Ta yi aiki a matsayin 'yar majalisa mai wakiltar Sissala ta Gabas a majalisar dokokin Ghana ta shida (2013-2017) a karkashin tutar NDC. A matakin mazaɓa, ta taimaka wajen faɗaɗa wutar lantarki ga al'ummomi, ta nemi damar samun damar ICT kuma ta yi amfani da kason asusun gama-gari don kafa ƙungiyoyin Tsarin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a da yawa (CHPS), tare da samar da kayan aiki ga cibiyoyin CHPS 4. Alijata ta yi alkawarin kashi 20 cikin 100 na albashin ta na dan majalisar wakilai don tallafa wa mata a mazabarta da cutar kansar nono tare da daukar nauyin yi wa masu fama da cutar kansar nono tiyata guda 23.

Ita mai ba da gudummawa ce ga kungiyar NGO People Action to Win Life All-round . 

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Al-Sudani (jarida)

***Al-[[Sudan]]*** (da Larabci السوداني, ma'ana The Sudanese) ita jaridar Larabci ce ta yau da kullun *<nowiki/>'a Sudan* .

## Tarihi da bayanin martaba
An kafa *Al Sudani* a cikin shekarar 1980 kuma Carnegie Endowment ya ba da yaduwar ta a 2004 a matsayin kwafin 305,000.

Hedkwatar ta tana garin Khartum . 

An bayyana *Al Sudani* a matsayin takarda wacce ke da'awar kasancewa mai zaman kanta, amma an san cewa gwamnatin kasar ce ke tallafamata. har ila yau, hukumomin Sudan sun dakatar da takarda a lokuta daban-daban kuma an kama babban editansa da wani ɗan jarida da ke rubutu don takarda a shekara ta 2006. 

## Manazarta
Ibrahim Zakaria (mai haɗin gwiwar kwadago)

**Ibrahim Zakaria** (17 Maris 1929 - 2 Nuwamba 1993) ya kasance dan kungiyar kwadago ne na kasar Sudan kuma mai fafutukar kwaminisanci.

## Rayuwarsa ta farko da aikinsa
An haifi Ibrahim zakaria a arewacin kasar Sudan a cikin dangin manoma, Zakaria ya yi karatun sa a Makarantar Fasaha ta Atbara kuma ya sami aiki a kan hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa na ƙasar. Ya shiga ƙungiyar kwadago, kuma ya kasance babba wanda ya kafa Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata a Kasar Sudan. A shekarar 1946, ya kasance daya daga membobin da suka kafa Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Sudan, yayi aiki a matsayin mai shiryawa a farko, ya kuma yi aiki da Kwamitin jam'iyyar mulkin mallaka. A shekarar 1957, Zakaria ya koma Prague, don yin aiki da Ƙungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya (WFTU), a matsayin sakataren nahiyar Afirka. Wannan yana daya daga Cikin  muhimmiyar rawa da ya taka, saboda ƙungiyoyin 'yancin kai a ƙasashe da yawa wato (WFTU) da fatan samun sabbin abokan hulda a Afirka sannan kuma su karfafa alakar su. A shekarar 1973, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kafa Ƙungiyar Kwadago ta nahiyar Afirka. A shekarar 1980, Zakaria ya zama Babban Sakatare na WFTU, kuma an nada shi a matsayin babban shugaba na dindindin a shekarar 1982. A wannan mukamin da ya rike, ya wakilci kungiyar WFTU a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da kuma Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya. A cikin shekarar 1990, Zakaria ya kuma  zama shugaban kungiyar WFTU. Zakaria ya mutu a shekarar 1993, a kasar Prague.

## Manazarta
1983 Matsalar ƙararrawar nukiliya ta Soviet

A ranar 26 ga Satumba shekara 1983, a lokacin Yaƙin Cold, tsarin gargadi na nukiliya na Soviet Oko ya ba da rahoton kaddamar da makami mai linzami guda daya tare da wasu makamai masu linzami hudu a bayansa, daga Amurka. Wadannan gargadi na harin makami mai linzami an yi zargin su da ƙararrawar ƙarya daga Stanislav Petrov, injiniya na Sojojin Tsaro na Soviet a kan aiki a cibiyar umurni na tsarin gargadi da wuri. Ya yanke shawarar jira don tabbatar da shaidar - wanda babu wanda ya isa - maimakon nan da nan ya ba da gargadi ga jerin umarni. Ana ganin wannan shawarar a matsayin wanda ya hana Yaƙin nukiliya na ramuwar gayya a kan Amurka da abokanta na NATO, wanda mai yiwuwa zai haifar da yakin nukiliya. Binciken tsarin gargadi na tauraron dan adam daga baya ya tabbatar da cewa tsarin bai yi aiki ba.

## Tarihi
Lamarin ya faru ne a lokacin da dangantakar da ke tsakanin Amurka da Tarayyar Soviet ta kasance mai tsanani. Da yake mayar da martani ga turawar Tarayyar Soviet na makaman nukiliya goma sha huɗu na SS-20 / RSD-10 na wasan kwaikwayo, kwamandan soja na NATO ya yanke shawarar sau biyu a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1979 don tura makaman nukliya 108 na Pershing II a Yammacin Turai tare da ikon kai hari kan manufofi a gabashin Ukraine, Belarus ko Lithuania a cikin minti 10 da tsawo, amma mai saurin BGM-109G Ground Launched Cruise Missile (GLCM) don kai farmaki gabas. A tsakiyar watan Fabrairun shekara  ta 1981, kuma ya ci gaba har zuwa 1983, Ayyukan tunani na Amurka sun fara. An tsara waɗannan don gwada raunin radar na Soviet da kuma nuna ikon nukiliyar Amurka. Sun haɗa da ayyukan sojan ruwa na ɓoye a cikin Barents, Norwegian, Black da Baltic Sea da kusa da gibin GIUK, da kuma zirga-zirgar jiragen saman Amurka, wani lokaci sau da yawa a mako, kai tsaye zuwa sararin samaniya na Soviet wanda ya juya kawai a lokacin ƙarshe.

Daga asusun CIA da Manyan jami'an KGB,   a watan Mayu na shekara ta 1981, sun damu da kamanceceniya ta tarihi tare da mamayewar Jamus ta 1941 da maganganun Reaganite, kuma ba tare da damar karewa a kan Pershing IIs ba, shugabannin Soviet sun yi imanin cewa Amurka tana shirin kai hari kan nukiliya ta sirri a kan USSR kuma sun fara Operation RYaN. A karkashin wannan, jami'an kasashen waje sun sa ido kan sabis da ma'aikatan fasaha waɗanda za su aiwatar da harin nukiliya don su iya ko dai su hana shi ko kuma su tabbatar da juna hallaka.,

## Manazarta
Ahmad al-Qurashi

**Ahmad al-Qurashi** ko kuma Ahmed El-Gorashy Taaha  (1942-Oktoba 1964) wanda aka fi sani da El-shaheed ko Martyr El-Gonashy, an haife shi a wani ƙauye da Ake Kira  El-Garrassa kusa da Garin El-Mannaqel, dake Jihar Al Jazirah dake Kasar Sudan, ya kasance dalibi ne a Jami'ar Khartoum wanda 'yan sanda suka kashe a watan Oktoba ta shekarar 1964, a lokacin babban tashin hankali da Rashin zaman lpy,Wanda akayi ma lakabi da (throoet October)

## Ilimi
Al-Qurashi ya fara karatun sakandaren sa a makarantar El-dlennj da ke garin El-ddlennz da ke yankin Nuba Mountains. A shekarar 1958, al-Qurashi ya kuma shiga  Makarantar Sakandare ta El-shir a garin El-fashir (makarantar sakandare  el-fashir wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1957). Ya fara karatun gaba da sakandari a  Jami'ar Khartoum dake Kasar Sudan a farkon shekarun 1960. 

## Lamarinsa Da 'yan sanda
'Yan sanda ne suka harbe Al-Qurashi, a lokacin zagaye mazaunin dalibai da rundunar 'yan sanda su kayi (gidan ɗalibai da aka sani da suna bariki saboda  kasancewar sa mazaunin Sojojin Burtaniya lokacin da Sudan take karkashin mulkin mallaka ). Al-Qurashi Gurinn zaman da ake kira da  El-Dander wanda Ka canjawa Suna zuwa El-Gorashy bayan mutuwarsa har zuwa yau (a yanzu tsohon barikin ya kasance dakunan kwana na ɗalibai tun daga shekarar 1997). Akwai wani dalibi da 'yan sanda suka kashe a gaban El-Gorashy a ranar 25 ga watan Nuwamba, shekarar 1964) sunan dalibin Babekir Hussan Abedel el- hafiz Baabekir ya kasance Dan asalin  Omdurman Wanda ya zauna a wani guri da ake kira Wad Droo.

## Manazarta
1964 Fasahar 250

1964 Textile 250 wani taron NASCAR Grand National Series ne wanda aka gudanar a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 1963, a Concord Speedway a Concord, North Carolina .

An yi zagaye 250 a kan hanya mai datti mai nisan kilomita 125 (kilomita 201) a cikin jimlar nesa. Duk da cewa an gudanar da shi a cikin shekara ta 1963, an dauki wannan tseren a matsayin tseren farko a cikin 1964 Grand National season. Lokacin wauta tsakanin shekarun 1963 da 1964 kwanaki bakwai ne kawai ba kamar makonni goma sha biyu da direbobi ke morewa a yau ba.

## cancanta

## Rahoton tseren
Bayan sa'o'i 2, minti 11, da sakan 49 na tseren tsere mai tsanani, an yanke shawarar mai nasara. Ned Jarrett (mahaifin Dale Jarrett) ya kayar da abokin hamayyarsa Joe Weatherly da sakan goma sha biyu. Saurin ya kasance mai jinkiri ta hanyar ka'idojin yau; matsakaicin saurin ya kasance 56.897 mil (91.567  a kowace awa yayin da saurin matsayi na sanda ya kasance 69.257 mil (111.458  a kowane awa. An kira Petty Enterprises "Petty Engineering Co." a farkon shekarun 1960 kuma mai motar No. 41, 42, da 43 a lokacin kakar 1964 shine Lee Petty.  An yi rikodin daidaitattun haɗuwa da ƙungiyoyin motoci da yawa na kamfanoni da masu mallakar mutum a kan rajistar tseren don wannan taron. Duk da cewa an kara kalmar kasa da kasa a cikin tseren; babu masu fafatawa na kasashen waje a wannan tseren.

Motar fasinja na Amurka na ƙarni na 21 na iya tafiya bisa doka har mil 90 (kilomita 140) akan wasu hanyoyin karkara. Wannan zai sa motocin fasinja na yau sauri fiye da motocin haja na wannan zamanin (waɗanda ya kamata su wakilci ci gaban fasahar mota). Koyaya, yawancin fasalulluka na aminci da aka karɓa a cikin waɗannan motocin hannun jari na farko za a yi amfani da su a cikin motocin fasinja waɗanda aka yi shekaru har ma da shekaru da yawa daga baya. Canjin zuwa motocin tseren da aka gina da niyya ya fara ne a farkon shekarun 1960 kuma ya faru a hankali cikin wannan shekaru goma. Canje-canjen da aka yi a wasanni a ƙarshen shekarun 1960 ya kawo ƙarshen "motocin haja" na shekarun 1950.

## Manazarta
1955 Kudancin 500

Kudancin 500 na 1955, na shida na taron, ya kasance taron NASCAR Grand National Series. An gudanar da taron ne a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 1955, a Darlington Raceway a Darlingson, South Carolina . Wannan tseren ya kai kilomita 500 a kan Hanya mai laushi. Wani fim mai mahimmanci na minti 30 na wannan tseren zai bayyana a kan saitin mai tarawa na Stock Cars na 50s & 60s - Stock Car Memories: Darlington-Southern 500; wanda aka saki a cikin 2008. 

Tashar rediyo ta gida *[[WWRK|WJMX]]* ta ba da damar jin dukan tseren. Ana yawan tashi tutar Confederate a duk sassan jihar a lokacin;  an nuna su tare da Stars da Stripes. le.n;

## Tarihi

Darlington Raceway, wanda yawancin magoya bayan NASCAR da direbobi suka ba da lakabi a matsayin "The Lady in Black" ko "The Track Too Tough to Tame" kuma an tallata shi a matsayin "NASCAR Tradition", hanya ce ta tseren da aka gina don tseren NASCAR da ke kusa da Darlington, South Carolina. Yana da na musamman, ɗan siffar kwai, mai laushi tare da iyakar tsari daban-daban. Yanayin da ake zaton ya samo asali ne daga kusanci da ƙarshen hanya zuwa tafkin minnow wanda mai shi ya ki motsawa. Waƙar ta sa ya zama ƙalubale ga ma'aikatan su saita yadda motar su ke sarrafawa ta hanyar da za ta kasance da tasiri a bangarorin biyu.

## Manazarta