Hanyar Dabarun Gudanar da Kemikal ta Duniya

**Hanyar Dabarun Gudanar ta Kemikal ta Duniya** (SAICM) Tsari ne na manufofin duniya don haɓaka ingantaccen sarrafa sinadarai. Sakatariyar SAICM  tana gudanar da Shirin Muhalli na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.

*“Samar da ingantaccen tsarin sarrafa sinadarai yana da matukar muhimmanci idan ana son samun ci gaba mai dorewa, gami da kawar da talauci da cututtuka, inganta lafiyar dan Adam da muhalli da daukaka da kiyaye zaman rayuwa a kasashe a dukkan matakai na ci gaba. "* -Dubai, 2006. 

Taron kasa da kasa kan sarrafa sinadarai a Dubai, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, ta karbe shi a ranar 6 ga watan Fabrairu 2006. Taron farko na taron da tsarin samar da dabarun dabarun sarrafa sinadarai na kasa da kasa an gudanar da shi ne tare da Shirin Muhalli na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UN muhalli), Shirin Tsare-tsaren Tsara don Gudanar da Sauti na Sinadarai (IOMC  ). da Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙididdiga akan Kariyar Sinadarai (IFCS  ).

Tsarin Dabarun na goyon bayan cimma burin da aka amince da su a taron kolin duniya na 2002 na Johannesburg kan ci gaba mai dorewa na tabbatar da cewa, nan da shekara ta 2020, za a samar da sinadarai da amfani da su ta hanyoyin da za su rage illa ga muhalli da lafiyar dan Adam. Ya yarda da mahimman gudummawar sinadarai a cikin al'ummomi da tattalin arziƙin yanzu, tare da sanin yuwuwar barazanar ci gaba mai dorewa idan ba a sarrafa sinadarai da kyau ba. 

(Tun daga ranar 12 ga watan Yuni 2015) Mahimman hanyoyin dabarun dabara  sun haɗa da gwamnatoci 175, ƙungiyoyin sa-kai 85, gami da ɗimbin wakilai daga masana'antu da ƙungiyoyin jama'a.

## Dabarun Siyasa Overarching
An bayyana alkawuran SAICM ta hanyar Sanarwa ta Dubai, Dabarun Manufofin Mahimmanci da Tsarin Ayyuka na Duniya.

### Iyaka
Hanyar Dabarun tana da iyaka  wanda ya haɗa da:

a. Muhalli, tattalin arziki, zamantakewa, kiwon lafiya da kuma aiki al'amurran aminci sunadarai,

b. Sinadaran noma da masana'antu, da nufin haɓaka ci gaba mai dorewa da kuma rufe sinadarai a kowane mataki na rayuwarsu, gami da samfuran.

### Makasudai
Babban makasudin  na Hanyar Dabarun su ne:

A. Rage haɗari

B. Ilimi da bayanai

C. Mulki

D. Ƙimar ƙarfi da haɗin gwiwar fasaha

E. Illegal international traffic

## Quick Start Programme
Shirin Saurin Farawa (QSP) shiri ne a ƙarƙashin SAICM don tallafawa farkon ba da damar haɓaka ƙarfin aiki da ayyukan aiwatarwa a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa, ƙasashe mafi ƙanƙanci, ƙananan tsibiran ƙasashe masu tasowa da ƙasashe masu tattalin arziƙin canji. QSP ya ƙunshi asusun amincewa na son rai, iyakataccen lokaci, wanda Shirin Muhalli na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ke gudanarwa, da ƙungiyoyin jama'a, ƙungiyoyin biyu da sauran nau'ikan haɗin gwiwa. Takaddun Asusun Tallafawa na QSP ya ƙunshi ayyuka 184 da aka amince da su a cikin ƙasashe 108, waɗanda 54 daga cikinsu sune ƙasashe mafi ƙanƙanta ko ƙasashe masu tasowa na Tsibiri, don kusan dala miliyan 37. 

## Taron kasa da kasa kan sarrafa sinadarai
Taron kasa da kasa kan sarrafa sinadarai (ICCM) yana yin bita na lokaci-lokaci na SAICM. An gudanar da zama na farko (ICCM 1) a Dubai, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, daga 4-6 Fabrairu 2006, an kammala shi kuma an karɓi SAICM.

An gudanar da zama na biyu (ICCM 2) a Geneva, Switzerland, 11-15 A watan Mayu 2009 kuma an gudanar da nazari na farko na lokaci-lokaci na aiwatar da SAICM.

An gudanar da zama na uku (ICCM 3) a Nairobi, Kenya, 17-21 A watan Satumba 2012 kuma ya sake nazarin ci gaba a cikin aiwatar da SAICM tare da bayanai masu ma'ana akan alamun 20 na ci gaba da aka karɓa a ICCM2, ya magance batutuwan manufofi masu tasowa kuma sun karbi Dabarun Sashin Lafiya. 

An gudanar da zama na hudu (ICCM 4) a birnin Geneva na kasar Switzerland, daga ranar 28 ga watan Satumba zuwa 2 ga watan Oktoba, 2015. Gabaɗaya  da jagora don cimma burin 2020 shine sakamakon dabarun  ICCM4, wanda ke kafa matakin aiwatarwa zuwa 2020. ICCM4 kuma an sake duba aiwatar da al'amurran da suka shafi manufofin da suka kunno kai da sauran al'amurran da suka shafi damuwa, an yi la'akari da Manufofin Ci gaba mai Dorewa, sun tattauna ingantaccen sarrafa sinadarai da sharar gida fiye da 2020, kuma sun sake nazarin ayyukan da aka tsara.

ICCM4, ta hanyar ƙuduri IV/4, ya ƙaddamar da wani tsari na tsaka-tsaki don shirya shawarwari game da Tsarin Dabarun da sarrafa sauti na sinadarai da sharar gida fiye da 2020.  Taron farko na tsarin tsaka-tsaki yana la'akari da Hanyar Dabarun da sarrafa sautin sinadarai da sharar gida bayan 2020 an gudanar da shi a Brasilia, Brazil, daga 7 zuwa 9 ga watan Fabrairu 2017. 

An shirya zama na biyar na taron kasa da kasa kan sarrafa sinadarai a Bonn, Jamus, 25 - 29 Satumba 2023.

## Matsalolin Siyasa masu tasowa da sauran al'amurran da suka shafi damuwa
ICCM tana ba da dandali don yin kira ga matakin da ya dace kan al'amuran manufofi masu tasowa (EPI) yayin da suka taso da kuma samar da yarjejeniya kan abubuwan da suka fi dacewa don aiwatar da haɗin gwiwa. Ya zuwa yanzu, an zartar da kudurori kan batutuwa kamar haka:

A. Lead in paint   

B. Chemical a cikin samfura 

C. Abu mai haɗari a cikin tsarin rayuwar samfuran lantarki da na lantarki 

D. Nanotechnology da ƙera nanomaterials 

E. Magungunan Endocrine masu ɓarna 

F. Gurbatattun Magunguna Na Muhalli 

An yarda da wasu batutuwan damuwa:

G. Sinadaran da aka lalata 

H. Magungunan Kwari masu Hatsari 

## Manazarta