Fadar Otal Ɗin Taj Mahal

**Fadar Taj Mahal** gado ce, tauraro biyar, otal mai alfarma a yankin Colaba na Mumbai, Maharashtra, Indiya, kusa da Ƙofar Indiya .  An gina shi a cikin salon Tarurrukan Saracenic, an buɗe shi a cikin shekara ta 1903 azaman **otal ɗin Taj Mahal**  kuma a tarihi sau da yawa ana san shi da sunan "Taj". Ana kiran otal ɗin sunan Taj Mahal, wanda ke cikin birnin Agra kusan kilomita  daga Mumbai. An ɗauke shi ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun otal a Gabas tun lokacin British Raj . Otal din na ɗaya daga cikin manyan wuraren da aka kai hari a Mumbai a shekarar 2008 .

Wani ɓangare na Taj Hotels Resorts da Palaces, otel din yana da dakuna guda 560 da 44 suites kuma ana la'akari da alamar ƙungiyar; yana ɗaukar ma'aikata 1,600. Otal din dai ya ƙunshi gine-gine daban-daban guda biyu: Fadar Taj Mahal da Hasumiyar, waɗanda tarihi da tsarin gine-gine suka bambanta da juna (An gina fadar Taj Mahal a shekara ta 1903; An buɗe Hasumiyar a shekara ta 1972).

Otal din yana da dogon tarihi, wanda ya karɓi manyan baƙi da dama, tun daga shugabanni zuwa shugabannin masana'antu da kuma nuna taurarin kasuwanci.  

## Tarihi

### Shekarun farko

**Otal din Taj Mahal** Jamsetji Tata ne ya ba da umarni kuma ya buɗe kofofinsa ga baƙi a ranar 16 ga Disambar shekara ta 1903.

Wani labari da aka yi ta maimaitawa game da dalilin gina otal ɗin shine an hana Tata shiga otal ɗin Watson, kamar yadda aka keɓe shi ga Turawa. Duk da haka, marubuci Charles Allen ya ƙalubalanci ingancin wannan, wanda ya rubuta cewa Tata ba zai damu da irin wannan ba har ya kai ga gina sabon otel. Madadin haka, Allen ya rubuta, an gina Taj ne bisa ga buƙatar editan *The Times of India* wanda ya ji ana buƙatar otal "cancantar Bombay" kuma a matsayin "kyauta ga birnin da yake ƙauna" ta Tata. 

Asalin gine-ginen Indiya sune Sitaram Khanderao Vaidya da DN Mirza, kuma injiniyan Ingilishi WA Chambers ya kammala aikin. Maginin shi ne Khansaheb Sorabji Ruttonji Contractor, wanda kuma ya kera shi kuma ya gina sanannen matakalansa na iyo. Kudin ginin £250,000 (£127 miliyan a farashin 2008). 

Asali, babbar hanyar shiga ita ce gefen da ke fuskantar ƙasa, inda a yanzu tafkin ke zaune. 

A lokacin yakin duniya na daya, otal din Taj Mahal ya koma asibitin sojoji mai gadaje 600.

Tsakanin shekara ta 1915 zuwa shekara ta 1919, an ci gaba da aiki a Apollo Bundar, don kwato ƙasar bayan otal ɗin da aka gina Ƙofar Indiya a shekara ta 1924. Ƙofar Indiya ba da jimawa ba ta zama babban abin da ke da muhimmanci a Bombay.

Abokan ciniki na asali sun kasance Turawa, Maharajas da jiga-jigan zamantakewa. Shahararrun mutane da yawa a duniya daga kowane fanni sun zauna a can, daga Somerset Maugham da Duke Ellington zuwa Lord Mountbatten da Bill Clinton .

Lokacin da aka bude shi a shekara ta 1903, otal din Taj Mahal shi ne na farko a Indiya da ya samu: wutar lantarki, magoya bayan Amurka, lif na Jamus, da baho na Turkiyya da masu sayar da abinci na Ingilishi. Daga baya, kuma tana da mashaya lasisin farko na birni, gidan cin abinci na Indiya na farko duk rana, da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na farko na Indiya, Blow Up.  Da farko a cikin 1903, yana cajin Rs 13 don ɗakuna tare da magoya baya da ɗakunan wanka, da Rs 20 tare da cikakken allo. A lokacin yakin duniya na daya otal din ya koma asibitin sojoji mai gadaje 600.

Ratanbai Petit, matar ta biyu ga wanda ya kafa Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, ta zauna a otel a lokacin kwanakin karshe a 1929; 'Yar uwarta, Sylla Tata, ta haifa a cikin dangin Tata, magina da masu otal. 

A shekara ta 1966 otal ɗin Taj Mahal ya zama wanda aka yi watsi da shi kuma ya rushe, watakila sakamakon rasa abokan cinikin Burtaniya bayan 'yancin kai na Indiya .  Otal din Taj Mahal gida ne ga fitaccen mawakin Jazz Micky Correa, "Sultan of Swing" daga 1936-1960.  

### Faɗaɗawa

An ba da ikon gudanar da otal ɗin Taj Mahal zuwa sashin otal na Inter-Continental na Pan Am a cikin 1972 kuma an sake masa suna **Taj Mahal Inter-Continental**, tare da sabon reshen hasumiya ya buɗe a wannan shekarar.  Wanda aka fi sani da shi a yau da Hasumiyar Taj Mahal,  Daraius Batliwala da Rustom Patell ne suka tsara shi tare, tare da babban mai da hankali daga baya.  Hakanan a cikin 1970s, Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces an shirya su. Kamfanin ya gina sabbin kadarori kuma ya mai da manyan fadoji zuwa otal-otal na gado. A cikin 1980, sarkar ta fadada zuwa ketare. Yarjejeniyar ikon mallakar kamfani tare da Inter-Continental ta ƙare a cikin shekara ta 1995 kuma otal ɗin ya sake zama otal ɗin Taj Mahal.

A cikin shekara ta 2003, don girmama otal ɗin ƙarni, an sake masa suna **The Taj Mahal Palace & Tower** . 

Otal din ya samu karbuwa sosai a duniya a shekarar 2008 yayin harin ta'addanci kuma an sake bude shi bayan an gyara shi sosai.

### 2008 harin Mumbai

Lashkar-e-Taiba, wani gungun 'yan ta'adda da suka kai hari a wurare da yawa,  ne suka zaba musamman Otal din Taj Mahal Palace Hotel, domin ya zama "ya kai hari ga alamar dukiya da ci gaban Indiya".  An kai harin ne a otal din a ranar 26 ga watan Nuwamban 2008, inda aka yi barna, ciki har da rugujewar rufin otal din a cikin sa'o'i masu zuwa.  An yi garkuwa da mutane a lokacin hare-haren, kuma an kashe akalla mutane 167, ciki har da baki da dama. Wadanda suka jikkata akasari ‘yan kasar Indiya ne, ko da yake an kebe baki ‘yan kasashen yamma da ke dauke da fasfo na kasashen waje.  Komandojin Indiya sun kashe 'yan ta'addan da suka yi wa shingen shinge a otal din, domin kawo karshen fadan na kwanaki uku a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamba.  Akalla 31 sun mutu a Taj . Kimanin mutane 450 ne ke zama a Fadar Taj Mahal da Otal a lokacin da aka kama.  An shirya harin ne ta hanyar amfani da bayanan da David Headley, Ba’amurke ɗan Pakistan, wanda ya zauna a otal ɗin sau da yawa.

Ba da daɗewa ba bayan (30 ga Nuwamba), shugaban Tata Ratan Tata ya ce a cikin wata hira da Fareed Zakaria na CNN cewa sun sami riga-kafi game da hare-haren kuma an dauki wasu matakai. Wataƙila an sassauta waɗannan kafin harin, amma a kowane hali jami'an sun yi watsi da su cikin sauƙi. 

An sake buɗe sassan Taj Mahal Palace da otal ɗin Hasum a ranar 21 ga Disamba, 2008. An ɗauki watanni da yawa kafin a sake gina mashahurin sashin gado na Otal ɗin Taj Mahal Palace. 

Hillary Clinton ta ziyarci Mumbai a watan Yulin 2009, da nufin zurfafa dangantakar Indiya - Amurka kuma ta zauna a otal din Taj; ta kuma halarci taron tunawa. "Ina so in aika da sakon cewa ni da kaina da kasarmu muna cikin tausayawa da kuma goyon bayan ma'aikata da kuma baki na Taj da suka rasa rayukansu ... tare da mutanen Mumbai."  A ranar 15 ga Agusta, 2010, Ranar 'Yancin Indiya, an sake buɗe fadar Taj Mahal bayan an gyara. Kudin gyaran otal ya zuwa yanzu ya kai Rupee biliyan 1.75. An dawo da reshen fadar kuma yana ba da sabbin sabis na otal. 

A cikin Maris 2010, yayin da aikin sabuntawa ya kusa ƙarewa, otal ɗin ya watsar da kalmar "Tower" daga sunansa kuma ya zama **fadar Taj Mahal** . 

A ranar 6 ga Nuwamban 2010, Shugaban Amurka Barack Obama ya zama shugaban kasa na farko da ya zauna a fadar Taj Mahal bayan hare-haren. A cikin wani jawabi daga filin otal din, Obama ya ce "Taj ya kasance alamar karfi da juriyar al'ummar Indiya."  An nuna harin da aka kai otal din a cikin fim din 2018 *Hotel Mumbai* .

### Tarihi na baya-bayan nan
A shekara ta 2017, da Taj Mahal Palace Hotel samu wani image alamar kasuwanci,  na farko gini a kasar don m ilimi-dukiya-dama kariya ga ta gine-gine da zane .   

## A cikin kafofin watsa labarai

*  
* Otal din shine saitin farko na littafin *dare a Bombay* (1940) na marubucin Ba'amurke Louis Bromfield .
* Har ila yau, an ambace shi a cikin gajeren labari na "Sahab Bahadur" na marubuci dan Indiya Sultan Rashed Mirza, Farhat Ullah Baaaig, da kuma a cikin novel *Delinquent Chacha* na Ved Mehta .
* An nuna shi a matsayin wurin mafarki ga ɗan makaranta don ziyarta a cikin fim ɗin Marathi *Taryanche Bait* .
* Michael Palin ya kwana a cikin kashi na 4 na Michael Palin: Around the World a cikin kwanaki 80 .
* Otal din shine saitin fim din 2015 *Taj Mahal* .
* Otal din shine saitin fim din 2018 *Hotel Mumbai* game da hare-haren, tare da Dev Patel da Armie Hammer .
* Hotel Grand Palace wani suna ne na Hotel Taj Mahal  . Mutane sun yi amfani da wannan sunan a matsayin fassarar fassarar Taj Mahal ta Hindi, musamman ta marubuta. Marubuta irin su Jeffrey Archer sun yi amfani da wannan kalmar a cikin littattafansu.
* Otal ɗin ya kasance batun tashi da saukar jiragen sama na BBC guda huɗu akan jerin shirye-shiryen shirin bango wanda ya fara a watan Agusta 2014, mai suna *Hotel India* . 
* A hotel wani harbi wuri domin Christopher Nolan ' film *Tenet*, saki a watan Agusta 2020. 

## Hotuna

File:Main Dome of Taj Mahal Palace Hotel.jpg|Dome na tsohon reshe na otal
File:The Taj Mahal Palace Hotel (Night View).jpg|Duban yamma na otal din
File:View of the Taj Hotel, Colaba.jpg
File:Gateway of India, Hotel Taj and ,Oberoi Hotels, Mumbai, Mahrashtra, India.jpg|Duban otal ɗin tare da Ƙofar Indiya, kamar yadda aka gani daga Tekun Arabiya
File:Taj Mahal Hotel, Bombay postcard (1908).jpg|A hotel, 1908


## Duba kuma

* Leopold Kafe
* Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus
* Oberoi Trident

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* "Otal mafi tsada a Indiya" 
* 

## Manazarta