Arman Loni

**Mohammad Ibrahim **Arman Loni**** (Pashto: محمد ابراهیم ارمان لوڼی), wanda aka fi sani da Arman Loni (ko Arman Luni), malamin Pakistan ne na adabin Pashto, mawaki, kuma daya daga cikin jagororin kafa kungiyar Pashtun Tahafuz Movement (PTM).  Arman ya mutu a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu 2019 bayan rikici da 'yan sanda, wanda ya biyo bayan shiga cikin zanga-zangar da ya yi a waje da Loralai Press Club.

Masu gwagwarmayar PTM, ciki har da Arman da 'yar'uwarsa Wranga Loni, ne suka shirya zaman na kwana huɗu, don nuna rashin amincewa da Harin Loralai na 2019, inda 'yan sanda takwas da farar hula daya suka kashe su a ranar 29 ga Janairu, 2019 .  Iyalinsa da masu fafutukar PTM sun ce yayin da 'yan sanda suka kai masa hari da sauran masu fafutuka, wani dan sanda ya buge Arman a kai da bindiga, wanda ya sa ya fadi. Koyaya, a cewar mai magana da yawun 'yan sanda, mutuwar ta haifar da ciwon zuciya bayan rikice-rikice tsakanin masu zanga-zangar da' yan sanda. Ya mutu a asibiti. Rahotanni bayan mutuwarsa sun nuna cewa babu alamun azabtarwa a jikinsa amma akwai jini a cikin kwakwalwarsa. A cikin kwamitin majalisa, sanatoci Farhatullah Babar da Muhammad Ali Saif sun goyi bayan ikirarin da dangin Arman suka yi kuma sun ce bisa ga bayanan su, bayan mutuwar sun lura da wasu alamomi masu mahimmanci a cikin kwakwalwarsa, suna nuna cewa raunin kai ya haifar da wasu jini a cikin kwakwalwa wanda ya haifar da mutuwarsa. Mohsin Dawar, dan majalisa kuma shugaban PTM, ya ce an gabatar da aikace-aikacen gabatar da Rahoton bayani na farko (FIR) don kisan kai a kan babban mataimakin mai kula da 'yan sanda (ASP) Attaur Rehman Tareen, jami'in Sojojin Sama na Pakistan da ya yi ritaya. 'Yan sanda, duk da haka, sun ki gabatar da FIR, wanda Shireen Mazari, Ministan Kare Hakkin Dan Adam na tarayya ya soki. A ranar 3 ga Fabrairu, Babban Ministan Balochistan Jam Kamal Khan ya lura da mutuwar Arman kuma ya nemi rahoto na hukuma daga kwamishinan Zhob Division cikin awanni 48.

A ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, jam'iyyar Pashtunkhwa Milli Awami Party (PMAP) da sauran jam'iyyun siyasa masu kawance sun yi wani yajin aikin 'rufewa' a Balochistan don nuna adawa da kisan. Har ila yau PTM ta gudanar da zanga-zangar nuna adawa da kisan, inda mahukuntan Pakistan suka kama da yawa daga cikin masu fafutuka, ciki har da Gulalai Ismail da Abdullah Nanyal. Kamen dai ya sha suka sosai, ciki har da yin Allah wadai daga shugaban kasar Afghanistan Ashraf Ghani da jam'iyyar Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP). Amnesty International da Human Rights Watch sun yi kira ga jami'an Pakistan da su binciki mutuwar a fili, inda tsohon ya kuma yi kira ga hukumomi da su gaggauta sakin 'yan gwagwarmayar PTM da aka kama saboda zanga-zangar adawa da kisan. A ranar 14 ga Maris, 2022, Pashtun National Jirga da ke Bannu, ta bukaci kwamitin shari’a da mai shari’a Qazi Faez Isa ya jagoranta, ya binciki mutuwar Arman, tare da bayyana rahoton ga jama’a.

## Rayuwa da ilimi
Arman ya kasance ɗan ƙaramin dangi ne daga Sanjawi a gundumar Ziarat na Balochistan, Pakistan. Shi dan kabilar Loni Durrani ne na Pashtuns, kuma mahaifinsa direba ne. Arman ya kasance mai sha'awar kwallon kafa. Yana da 'ya'ya mata uku, Mina, Awesta, da Hila. Ƙaramar 'yar'uwarsa, Wranga Loni, ita ma mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam ce kuma marubuciya.

Arman ya kasance ɗan ƙaramin dangi ne daga Sanjawi a gundumar Ziarat na Balochistan, Pakistan. Shi dan kabilar Loni Durrani ne na Pashtuns, kuma mahaifinsa direba ne. Arman ya kasance mai sha'awar kwallon kafa. Yana da 'ya'ya mata uku, Mina, Awesta, da Hila. Arman ya yi karatunsa na farko a Sanjawi kuma ya kammala digirinsa na biyu a Pashto a Jami'ar Balochistan, Quetta. Yayin da yake ci gaba da karatunsa, Arman ya kuma fara aiki na lokaci-lokaci a matsayin magatakarda a ma'adinan kwal, da kuma na ɗan lokaci a matsayin tela, don tallafa wa danginsa da kuɗi.

Duk da matsalolin tattalin arziki, Arman ya fara shiga cikin ayyukan siyasa na Jam'iyyar Pashtunkhwa Milli Awami kuma ya zama Mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam a lokacin rayuwarsa ta dalibi. Daga baya, Arman kuma ya yi karatun digirinsa na Master of Falsafa. Ya rubuta kasida a kan "amfani da misalai a cikin adabin gargajiya na Pashto a kan abokan mulkin mallaka," batun da ya yi kama da tunaninsa na siyasa.

## Ayyuka da gwagwarmayar siyasa
Bayan digiri na biyu, Arman ya samu nasarar wuce gwajin Hukumar Kula da Ayyukan Jama'a ta Balochistan a shekarar 2012 kuma ya zama malami na wallafe-wallafen Pashto a Kwalejin Digiri Quetta .  Shi ne wanda ya kafa "Pashtun Progressive Writers" (Pashtun progressive Writers), wata kungiya da ke da niyyar kula da sabuwar tsara ta marubutan Pashtun.

Arman ya kasance memba mai ƙwazo na Jam'iyyar Pashtunkhwa Milli Awami Party (PMAP) da reshen ɗalibanta, Ƙungiyar ɗalibai na Pashtunkhwa (PSO), tun rayuwarsa ɗalibi. Shi da kanwarsa, Wranga Loni, sun shiga kungiyar Pashtun Tahafuz Movement (PTM, "Pashtun Protection Movement") da zarar ta bulla a watan Fabrairun 2018. Dukansu Arman da Wranga Loni sun taka rawar gani wajen shirya taron jama'a na PTM, yawanci suna tafiya zuwa wurin taron mako daya kafin hakan don taimakawa wajen gudanar da yakin wayar da kan jama'a a tsakanin mazauna yankin. A wurin tarukan, Wranga galibi yana ba da jawabai daga mataki amma Arman ya fi son kasancewa a bayan fage. Hukumomin tilasta bin doka na Pakistan da dattawan kabilun da ke goyon bayan gwamnati sun yi wa iyalinsa barazana saboda ayyukansu a cikin Pashtun Tahafuz Movement. Shugaban kabilar Loni ya gargadi Arman ya dakatar da ayyukansa kuma ya gaya masa cewa hukumomin ba za su yarda da shi ba. Sakamakon haka, an tilasta wa iyalin Arman ƙaura daga Sanjawi zuwa Killa Saifullah, garin Nawab Ayaz Jogezai, shugaban kabilar Pashtun wanda ya ba su mafaka. Arman daga nan ya sauya kansa daga Kwalejin Degree Quetta zuwa Kwalejin Killa Saifullah don zama tare da iyalinsa.

An kama Arman ne a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 2018, a gaban taron jama'a na PTM a Karachi, amma ya ci gaba da fafutukarsa kai tsaye bayan an sake shi. A ranar 30 ga Janairu, 2019, kwanaki uku kacal kafin mutuwarsa, Arman ya shirya zaman dirshan a Karachi don nuna adawa da kama wani dan gwagwarmayar PTM Alamzaib Mahsud, wanda aka kama a ranar 21 ga Janairu, 2019 bayan taron PTM na biyu a Karachi. Bayan zaman Karachi, Arman ya yi tafiya zuwa Loralai don zama na ƙarshe na rayuwarsa.

## Mutuwa
A lokacin mutuwarsa a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu, 2019, an dakatar da zaman kwana hudu a Loralai da masu fafutuka na PTM suka gudanar don nuna adawa da harin Loralai na 2019, kuma bayan tattaunawa da gwamnati, masu zanga-zangar sun watse cikin lumana. Lokacin da Arman ke shan shayi da yamma bayan an gama muzaharar, abokansa suka ce masa ‘yan sanda na nemansa.  A cewar wasu shaidun gani da ido, mataimakin Sufeton ‘yan sanda (ASP) Attaur Rehman Tareen, Laftanar jirgin saman Pakistan mai ritaya, na da hannu a harin, wanda ya fara far wa Arman da gindin bindigarsa da zarar ya gan shi. Cikin tsawa daya daga cikin 'yan sandan nasa ya ce, "Baka san yadda za a buga ba," Tareen ya yi wa wuyansa mummunan bugun da ya yi sanadin fadowa Arman a kasa. Har ila yau, dangin Arman sun zargi 'yan sanda da hana shi isa asibiti a kan lokaci, da kuma hana masu gwagwarmayar PTM ziyartar Arman a asibitin har sai ya mutu.

'Rundunar ‘yan sandan ta ki bayar da rahoton farko (FIR) kuma mai magana da yawun ‘yan sandan ya ce ba a yi wa Arman dukan tsiya ba amma ya mutu ne sakamakon bugun zuciya sakamakon arangama tsakanin masu zanga-zangar da ‘yan sanda.

A ranar 5 ga Maris, 2019, zaunannen kwamitin kula da hakkin dan Adam a Majalisar Dattawan Pakistan ya yi Allah-wadai da ‘yan sanda saboda kin gabatar da rahoton farko (FIR) kan mutuwar Arman. Kwamitin ya umurci ‘yan sandan da su shigar da kara a gaban kotu tare da kaddamar da bincike kan jami’an ‘yan sandan da ake zargi.

### Addu'o'in jana'izar
A yammacin ranar 3 ga watan Fabrairu ne aka gudanar da sallar jana'izar Arman a garin Killa Saifullah. Gwamnatin Pakistan ta haramtawa shugabannin PTM Manzoor Pashteen, Ali Wazir, da Mohsin Dawar shiga Balochistan don yin sallar jana'izar Arman, amma duk da haka sun yi nasarar tafiya zuwa Killa Saifullah tare da halartar sallar jana'izar. Sai dai gwamnati ta umarce su da su fice daga Balochistan cikin dare. Wannan mataki dai Sanata Farhatullah Babar na jam'iyyar Pakistan Peoples Party yayi Allah wadai da shi.

A yayin bikin jana'izar a Killa Saifullah, Manzoor Pashteen, Wranga Loni, da Nawab Ayaz Jogezai sun gabatar da jawabai ga jama'a. Pashteen ya ce: "Sun kashe matasanmu, sun fille kawunanmu, sun lalata gidajenmu, sun ci mutuncin iyayenmu mata da mata, har yanzu suna korar matasanmu, har ta kai ga sun hana mu halartar jana'izar mu. A irin wannan yanayi, idan kun toshe duk wani zabi da hanyoyin da za mu bi don yin shawarwari, za mu sami hanyar da za mu bi, sannan kuma za mu nuna muku ikon Pashtuns. 

A cikin labarinsa na ra'ayi ga The New York Times, Pashteen ya rubuta cewa a kan hanyarsu ta dawowa daga Killa Saifullah bayan sun halarci jana'izar, jami'an tsaro sun harbe motar da ke dauke da kansa, Ali Wazir, da Mohsin Dawar, amma da sa'a ba su ji rauni ba. Sanata na Jam'iyyar Pashtunkhwa Milli Awami Usman Kakar da Ministan kare hakkin dan adam Shireen Mazari sun yi Allah wadai da lamarin harin.

Absentee funeral prayers were performed for Arman in many cities and towns of Afghanistan, Pakistan, and other countries, including Jalalabad, Asadabad, Khost, Peshawar, Dera Ismail Khan,  and Karachi  on February 3, Kabul, Kandahar, Gardez, Sharana, Puli Alam, and Zhob on February 4, Mazar-i-Sharif, Herat, Ghazni, Qalati Ghilji, Bannu, and Barikot (Swat) on February 5, and Kunduz on February 7. In Bamyan, a protest gathering for Arman was held on February 14 in front of the Buddhas of Bamyan to condemn his murder.

### Bincike
Ko da yake iyalan Arman sun ce ‘yan sanda sun buge shi, ‘yan sanda sun yi ikirarin cewa ya mutu ne sakamakon bugun zuciya da ya samu sakamakon arangama tsakanin masu zanga-zangar da ‘yan sanda.

Binciken farko da Saleem Abro, babban jami’in kula da lafiya na asibitin Quetta’s Civil Sandeman ya gudanar a gaban masana kiwon lafiya 10, ya ce babu alamun azabtarwa a jikin Arman. Saleem Abro da Likitan ‘yan sanda Ayesha Faiz a lokacin da suke zantawa da manema labarai, sun ce an aika da jinin kwakwalwar Arman, da zuciyarsa da kuma jikin sa zuwa dakin binciken bincike da ke birnin Lahore domin gano musabbabin mutuwar. Sun kara da cewa, “Mun sami gudan jini a cikin kwakwalwarsa, yayin da fuskar marigayin ta zama shudi."

### Halin da aka yi

#### Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam
Fiye da masu fafutuka 20 na kungiyar Pashtun Tahafuz da suka hada da Gulalai Ismail da Abdullah Ngyal, gwamnatin Pakistan ta kame a yayin zanga-zangar adawa da kisan Arman. Rabia Mehmood, mai bincike a yankin Kudancin Asiya a Amnesty International, ta bayyana cewa: "Waɗannan masu zanga-zangar dole ne a saki su nan da nan ba tare da wani sharadi ba. Su fursunonin lamiri ne kuma ba su yi wani abu ba face yin amfani da yancinsu na lumana da halal na yin zanga-zangar adawa da take haƙƙin ɗan adam da yin kira da a kawo ƙarshensu. Abin mamaki ne yadda hukumomin Pakistan suka yi amfani da irin waɗannan manyan hanyoyi kamar yadda manyan jami'an gwamnati suka yarda cewa dole ne PTM ya yi magana game da cin mutuncin PTM. Wannan matakin ya biyo bayan mummunar mutuwar Arman Luni, daya daga cikin masu fafutuka na PTM.

Brad Adams, babban darektan kungiyar kare hakkin bil'adama ta Human Rights Watch na Asiya, ya ce: "Ya kamata jami'an Pakistan su amince da bambancin kasar a matsayin karfi ba rauni ba. Ya kamata gwamnati ta saurara tare da shigar da damuwar al'ummomin kasar da dama tare da ba da damar bayyana rashin amincewa cikin lumana. Da farko dai, ya kamata hukumomi su tabbatar da cewa binciken mutuwar Arman Luni ya kasance mai tasiri kuma a bayyane yake. "

#### Gwamnatin Afghanistan
A yayin da yake Allah wadai da kisan Arman da kuma murkushe masu fafutuka na PTM, Ashraf Ghani shugaban kasar Afganistan ya wallafa a shafinsa na Twitter cewa: "Gwamnatin Afghanistan ta damu matuka game da tashin hankalin da ake yi kan masu zanga-zangar lumana da masu fafutuka a Khyber Pakhtunkhwa da Balochistan." Ya ci gaba da cewa: "Mun yi imanin cewa nauyi ne da ya rataya a wuyan kowace gwamnati ta tallafa wa ayyukan jama'a da suka tashi tsaye wajen yakar ta'addanci da tsattsauran ra'ayi da ke addabar yankinmu da kuma tsaro na gama gari."

Koyaya, Mujib Rahman Rahimi, mai magana da yawun Babban Darakta na Afghanistan Abdullah Abdullah, ya soki Ashraf Ghani kuma ya kira maganganunsa tsangwama a cikin al'amuran wata ƙasa. Rahimi ya ce batutuwan da ke kewaye da PTM "al'amuran cikin gida ne na Pakistan. Afghanistan ba ta cikin matsayi wanda zai tsoma baki cikin al'amuran wasu. Muna da matsaloli da batutuwa da yawa a cikin ƙasarmu kuma ya fi kyau a magance su da farko. "  Shah Mehmood Qureshi, ministan harkokin waje na tarayya na Pakistan, ya ki amincewa da tweet din Ghani kuma ya kira shi "babban tsangwama" a cikin harkokin cikin harkokin ciki na Pakistan A gefe guda, Amrullah Saleh, tsohon ministan cikin gida na Afghanistan wanda ya yi murabus don shiga tawagar Ghani a Zaben shugaban kasa mai zuwa, ya yaba wa Ghani kuma ya yi kira ga jama'ar Afghanistan da su nuna "hadin kai tare da masu fafutukar farar hula masu zaman lafiya a Khyber Pakhtunkhwa da Baluchistan".  Da yake amsawa ga zargin da Shah Mehmood Qureshi ya yi, Saleh ya ce: "Mun [Afghanistan] kasance a ƙarshen ta'addanci kuma Taliban sun aika da babbar tweet a can".

#### Jam'iyyun adawa a Pakistan
Shugaban jam'iyyar Pakistan Peoples Party Bilawal Bhutto Zardari ya yi kira da a gudanar da bincike mai zaman kansa da gaskiya kan "kisan kisa" na Arman.

Dangane da yajin aikin 'rufewa' da aka yi a Balochistan a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, Sanatan Pashtunkhwa Milli Awami, Sanata Usman Kakar, ya ce a cikin jawabinsa ga masu zaman makoki: "Wannan yankin gaba daya yana cikin fushi. "

## Dubi kuma

* Kisan Naqeebullah Mehsud
* Tahir Dawar

## Bayanan da aka ambata