Batutuwan muhalli a Kenya

**Batutuwan muhalli a Kenya** sun haɗa da sare daji, Rushewar ƙasa, hamada, karancin ruwa da lalacewar ingancin ruwa, ambaliyar ruwa, farauta, da gurɓataccen gida da masana'antu.

## Ma'adanai na ruwa
Albarkatun ruwa a Kenya na fuskantar matsin lamba daga sinadarai na noma da sharar birane da masana'antu, da kuma amfani da wutar lantarki ta ruwa. Karancin ruwa da ake tsammani matsala ce mai yuwuwa a nan gaba. Misali daftarin da kogin Omo ya yi da madatsar ruwa ta Gilgel Gibe III tare da shirin yin amfani da kashi 30 zuwa 50 na ruwa wajen noman sukari zai haifar da matsalolin muhalli. Kusan kashi 50% na karfin ruwan tafkin Turkana zai rasa. Idan da ba a yi shirin noman noman sukari ba, dam din da kansa zai iya yin tasiri mai kyau ga muhalli, saboda rashin samar da wutar lantarki da dam din ya yi.

Rashin ingancin ruwa a Kenya yana da matsaloli a cikin tabkuna, (ciki har da kamuwa da ruwa a cikin Tafkin Victoria), sun ba da gudummawa ga raguwa mai yawa a cikin fitar da kamun kifi da nau'in kifi masu haɗari.

## Yin farautar dabbobi
 

Akwai nau'o'in namun daji iri-iri a Kenya, wadanda matsugunansu ke fuskantar barazanar cin zarafi na ci gaban bil'adama da halaka. A yankunan karkarar Kenya, mafarauta na daya daga cikin manyan barazana ga dabbobin da ke cikin hadari. Michael Weriche wanda aka fi sani da Man Rhino, ya ba da gudummawa sosai ga kiyaye namun daji a farkon Kenya. Werikh ya yi tafiyar dubban kilomitoci kuma ya tara miliyoyin daloli don tallafawa ayyukan kiyaye farin karkanda. Blue Wildebeest a halin yanzu yana da yawa, amma kamar sauran nau'ikan da ke cikin haɗari suna jin matsin lamba na rage mazaunin. Dabbobin daji da ke fuskantar barazanar farauta da farautar ganima sun hada da zakuna, giwaye, barewa, da karkanda. A watan Fabrairun 2020, mafarauta a Kenya sun kashe farar raƙuma biyu. Yanzu akwai namiji daya kawai, fararen giraffe da ya rage a duniya. Sauran nau'o'in da ke cikin haɗari a Kenya sun haɗa da Kogin Tana Mangabey, Black Rhino, Hirola, Sable Antelope, da Roan Antelope.

### Dokoki, ka'idoji, da hanawa
A lokacin mulkin mallaka na Kenya (1895-1963), masu mulkin mallaka da Burtaniya sun kalli farautar giwa da rhino a matsayin wasanni masu daraja. Bayan samun 'yancin kai Kenya ta ga raguwar fiye da rabin yawan giwaye a lokacin 1970 zuwa 1977,  duk da cewa kasar ta haramta farautar giwa a 1973. A shekara ta 1977, an haramta duk farautar dabbobi a Kenya. An kafa Hukumar Kula da namun daji ta Kenya a shekarar 1989. Kamfanin jihar ya amsa ga manyan matakan farauta, rashin tsaro a wuraren kiyayewa da wuraren shakatawa na namun daji, da rashin inganci da rashin jin daɗi a cikin sashen wasan Kenya. An aiwatar da haramcin kasa da kasa kan cinikin hauren giwa ta hanyar Yarjejeniyar kan Ciniki ta Duniya a cikin Dabbobi masu haɗari na Wild Fauna da Flora (CITES).  Wannan dokar ta ba da gudummawa ga raguwa mai mahimmanci amma na wucin gadi a cikin farautar giwa, wanda ya sauƙaƙa farfado da yawan jama'a. Yin farautar dabbobi da fataucin dabbobi sun sake fitowa a cikin 2000s saboda karuwar buƙatun hauren giwa da ƙahonin rhino, suna haifar da barazanar halaka a nan gaba. Ofishin Kula da namun daji na Kenya yana aiki tare da hukumomin tilasta bin doka na Kenya. Koyaya, wasu suna jayayya cewa bai kamata a warware ƙoƙarin kiyayewa ta hanyar abin da ake kira green militarization ba,  inda ƙoƙarin kiyayewa da manufofi ke taimakawa ta hanyar karuwar 'yan sanda da aikata laifuka. A gefe guda, akwai yiwuwar yanayi wanda ya zama dole a yi amfani da soja. A kowane hali, malamai da masu tsara manufofi suna da sha'awar la'akari da tasirin manufofin wanke kore a cikin kiyayewa da soja.

Konewar Ivory Coast wani lamari ne na jama'a da ke nufin hana farautar dabbobi. Kenya ce ta farko da ta kona hauren giwa a shekarar 1989, sannan ta lalata adadi mafi yawa a shekarar 2016 (ton 105). 

## Manazarta