Black First Land

**Black First Land First** ( **BLF** ) ƙungiya ce ta siyasa kuma jam'iyyar siyasa a Afirka ta Kudu . Andile Mngxitama ne ya kafa shi a cikin 2015 bayan korar sa daga kungiyar 'Yancin Tattalin Arziki (EFF), karkashin jagorancin Julius Malema .

Babban manufar Mngxitama ita ce 'ƙwace ba tare da biyan diyya' na filayen mallakar fararen fata ba, wanda ya bayyana cewa an sace kai tsaye daga 'yan Afirka. A kan wannan batu, ya zargi EFF da sayar da shi ga ANC, wanda ya ɗauka a matsayin abokantaka ga sha'awar kasuwanci. BLF ta kasance tana goyon bayan tsohon shugaban Afirka ta Kudu Jacob Zuma, sannan kuma ta nuna goyon baya ga dangin Gupta masu tasiri . An zargi wasu daga cikin mambobinta da yin barazana ga ‘yan jarida masu bincike.

A farkon-2019, Freedom Front Plus (FF+) ta yi kira da a soke BLF. Hukumar zabe mai zaman kanta (IEC) a hukumance ta soke [1] rajistar jam’iyya a ranar 15 ga Yuli, 2019, sakamakon karya dokar zabe, wadda ta haramta kayyade yawan zama ‘ya’yan jam’iyya saboda kabilanci. [2] [3] Kotun zabe ta yi watsi da karar da BLF ta shigar a watan Nuwamba 2019 tare da tabbatar da hukuncin da aka yanke a baya cewa ba za a iya yiwa kungiyar rajista a matsayin jam’iyyar siyasa ba.

A watan Nuwambar 2019, kungiyar ta yanke shawarar yin gyara ga kundin tsarin mulkinta domin baiwa farar fata damar zama mambobin kungiyar.  A wata hira da aka yi da shi kwanaki kadan, Zanele Lwana na kungiyar ya caccaki kafafen yada labarai da cewa "da gangan suke ba da labarin rashin gaskiya kan abin da ya faru" a taron. Ya bayyana cewa gyaran da ake zargin an yi wa kundin tsarin mulkin BLF don ba da damar farar fata karya ne domin shugaban BLF Andile Mngxitama ya tabbatar da cewa "har yanzu ba a yarda da farar fata a cikin jam'iyyar"  Mataimakin shugaban kungiyar ya ce dalilin ya fi ba da damar shigar ta a IEC maimakon maraba da fararen fata.

A cikin Nuwamba 2020, IEC ta sake yin rajistar BLF a matsayin jam'iyyar siyasa.

A cikin Janairu 2024, shugaban jam'iyyar Andile Mngxitama ya sanar da cewa ya shiga uMkhonto weSizwe, ko da yake ya bayyana cewa BLF ba za ta gushe ba, kuma yarjejeniyar zabe ce. 

## Tarihi
Andile Mngxitama ya kasance dan majalisar dokokin EFF bayan da jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 25 a babban zaben shekarar 2014, zaben farko da EFF ta taba yi bayan kafuwarta a shekarar da ta gabata. Mngxitama bai ji daɗin shugabancin EFF ba bayan taron zaɓe na farko a watan Disamba 2014. Ya zargi shugabancin EFF, musamman wanda ya kafa Julius Malema, da "dabi'u iri daya da ANC ", jam'iyyar da aka kori Malema daga cikin 2012.   Wadannan tuhume-tuhumen dai sun haifar da baraka a cikin hukumar ta EFF, rikicin da ya kara kamari a cikin watan Fabrairun 2015 lokacin da bangarorin biyu suka yi "zama" bayan zargin da Malema ya yi da jam'iyyar ANC don taimakawa Mngxitama da magoya bayansa ficewa daga majalisar.  An kori Mngxitama da biyu daga cikin abokansa, Mpho Ramakatsa da Khanyisile Litchfield-Tshabalala a watan Afrilu. 

Mngxitama ya damu da wannan ci gaban, kuma ya yi Allah wadai da EFF da kasancewa "sifar ANC mai cike da ruwa".  Babban rashin jituwar siyasarsa shine watsi da EFF na ra'ayinsa na sake fasalin ƙasa, "ka'idar kwacewa ba tare da biyan diyya" na filayen mallakar fararen fata ba. Wannan ko da yaushe ya kasance muhimmin batu ga Mngxitama, wanda ya bayyana ra'ayinsa ba tare da wata fa'ida ba a lokacin da yake rike da mukamin kwamitin majalisar dokoki kan raya karkara da sake fasalin kasa.  Ya zargi Malema da "sayar da" kan batun, tare da lakafta masa "mai bita".  Wannan yunƙurin da aka bayyana na sake fasalin ƙasa zai zama wurin siyar da bayanin baƙar fata na farko. 

A shekarar 2016-2017, bayan da ta zargi EFF da cewa tana da dabi'u iri daya da jam'iyyar ANC mai mulki, BLF ta fito ta goyi bayan tsohon shugaban ANC da kuma shugaban kasar Afirka ta Kudu Jacob Zuma, wanda ya fuskanci tuhume-tuhumen cin hanci da rashawa. BLF ta kuma nuna goyon bayanta ga iyalan Gupta da ke da cece-kuce, wadanda ake zargi da " kama " kasar Afirka ta Kudu ta hanyar mu'amalarsu da Zuma.   An yi tambayoyi zuwa nawa ne Guptas ke ba da tallafin Andile Mngxitama da BLF, da kuma ko Guptas sun yi niyyar amfani da BLF don tada rikicin kabilanci don su janye hankalinsu daga ayyukansu masu tayar da hankali.   

A watan Agustan 2017, Mngxitama ya shawarci Bankin Reserve na Afirka ta Kudu da ya kwace gonakin farar fata tare da fara kafa bankin baki. 

A cikin Yuli 2017, imel ɗin ya bayyana yana nuna cewa Mngxitama ya karɓi umarni daga dangin Gupta da kamfanin PR mai kwangila Bell Pottinger .   Daga baya kungiyar Hulda da Jama'a da Sadarwa ta Biritaniya ta dakatar da Bell Pottinger saboda "amfani da haifar da rarrabuwar kabilanci a Afirka ta Kudu" na tsawon shekaru biyar. 

## Manufofi
A cikin "Kira na juyin juya hali" wanda aka saki a ranar 13 ga Agusta 2015, BLF ta lura cewa, "[w] ba tare da kasa ba babu 'yanci ko mutunci. Muna son Ƙasa ta Farko saboda ita ce tushen 'yancinmu, ainihin mu, jin daɗinmu na ruhaniya, ci gaban tattalin arzikinmu da al'adunmu. An sace ƙasar 'yan Afirka kuma wannan sata ya sa mu zama marasa ƙasa a cikin ƙasarmu tare da dukan yankunanmu. a karkashin kasa da kuma sararin sama duka namu ne!

Wanda ya kafa Mngxitama ya kuma bayyana karara cewa BLF tana da manufar da ake kira "Lambar mu'amala da masu satar gida da sayar da kayayyaki".   Wannan ka'ida ce mai maki goma da aka nuna a matsayin jagora ga 'yan jam'iyyar don kare bakar fata da suka sha bamban da wadanda ake kai wa hari daga mulkin farar fata . 

Tambarin motsi na Black First Land First (BLF) shine Tsuntsun Sankofa, wanda ya zama wani ɓangare na dunƙule baki, tare da tushe yana samar da alkalami na marmaro. Tsuntsun Sankofa alama ce ta fahimtar mutanen da ke gwagwarmayar neman 'yanci ta hanyar karfin darussan tarihi na juyin juya hali. Dangane da haka, tsuntsun Sankofa, yana waiwaya, sai ya yi gaba da kwai a bakinsa. Ƙunƙarar dunƙule baƙar fata yana nuna alamar Ƙarfin Baƙar fata, kuma alƙalamin marmaro yana nuna mahimmancin ka'idar juyin juya hali a matsayin jagorar aiki a cikin gwagwarmayar juyin juya hali.  A tsakiyar reshen Sankofa akwai jajayen tauraro mai nuni biyar. Jajayen tauraro mai kaifin baki biyar na nuni da tsarin gurguzu da kuma jinin bakaken fata wadanda aka rasa rayukansu ta hanyar kyamar baki na mulkin farar fata. Bugu da ƙari, maki biyar na tauraron suna wakiltar nahiyoyi biyar kuma don haka ra'ayi na kasa da kasa don neman cikakken 'yanci na dukan mutanen duniya da ake zalunta. Da'irar tana da launin kore don nuna alamar ƙasar da duk ma'adanai da ke ƙarƙashinta waɗanda dole ne a mayar wa mutane. Da'irar kanta, tare da jajayen iyakoki na waje da baƙi na ciki, suna aiki don kare mutanen da ke cikin juyin juya hali.

## Tsarin
Bisa ga Kundin Tsarin Mulki,  BLF tana aiki a ƙarƙashin tsarin ƙungiyoyin jam'iyyar Lenin da aka fi sani da tsarin mulkin demokraɗiyya .  Akwai manyan gabobin jam’iyyar guda 4, wanda aka tsara a cikin manyan mukamai masu zuwa: 

# Imbizo na kasa da ke zabar kwamitin gudanarwa na kasa
# Imbizo na lardin da ke zabar Kwamitin Gudanar da Lardi
# Yankin Imbizo wanda ke zabar Kwamitin Gudanarwa na Yanki
# Babban reshe na Biennial Imbizo wanda ke zaɓe Kwamitin Gudanarwa na Reshe

Majalisar Imbizo ta kasa, a matsayinta na babbar hukuma mai mulki, za ta yi taro akalla sau daya a kowace shekara 5. Ita ce ke da alhakin zaben mambobin Kwamitin Gudanarwa na kasa (NCC) ciki har da Sakatare Janar.  Wannan yayi kama da alakar da ke tsakanin Jam'iyyar Congress da Kwamitin Tsakiya a Jam'iyyun Marxist-Leninist. Kundin tsarin mulki na BLF ya tanadi kashi 50% na kujerun hukumar ta NCC da kuma kwamitinta na kwamitin tsakiya (CC), mata ne suka mamaye su.  Ƙananan matakin Imbizos da kwamitocin Gudanarwa suna aiki iri ɗaya. 

## Akida
Mngxitama ya bayyana cewa jiga-jigan akidun jam'iyyar sune Black Consciousness da Pan-Africanism tare da tsarin shugabancin Sankarist .   BLF ta bayyana kanta a matsayin "kungiyar vanguard".  Jam'iyyar ta yi imanin cewa, babu wani juyin juya hali da zai iya faruwa ba tare da tada hankalin al'umma a kan makiya ba, ta yadda za a warware sabanin da ke tsakaninsu ta hanyar yunkurin juyin juya hali da kansa. Jam’iyyar ta yi rajista da Hukumar Zabe Mai Zaman Kanta  kuma ta tsaya takara a zaben 2019 amma ba ta samu wakilci a majalisa ko na larduna ba. An soke rajistar jam’iyyar ne a ranar 15 ga Yuli, 2019.  

## Rigingimu

### Barazanar yan siyasa
A watan Yulin 2017 an zargi wani dan kungiyar BLF da musgunawa tare da aika barazanar kisa ga dan majalisar ANC Makhosi Khoza sakamakon sukar da Khoza ya yi wa shugaba Zuma. Khoza na daga cikin 'yan majalisar dokokin jam'iyyar ANC da ke kira ga sauran 'yan majalisar da su kada kuri'a da lamirinsu domin kada kuri'ar rashin amincewa da shugaba Jacob Zuma . A wasu jerin sakonnin ta wayar tarho, an bukaci Khoza da ya kada kuri'ar kin amincewa da kudirin kin amincewa da shugaba Jacob Zuma ko kuma ya mutu. Barazana ta ta'azzara ga yaran Khoza kuma an shaida wa Khoza cewa tana da kwanaki 21 ta rayu.   Wanda ya kafa Mngxitama ya musanta zargin kuma ya bayar da hujjar cewa Khoza yana da ƙarfi kuma bai dace ba, haka kuma Khoza baƙar fata ne kuma BLF ba za ta taɓa yin barazana ga baƙar fata ba.  Mngxitama ya ci gaba da cewa dole ne a samu wani bature a cikin wannan barazanar.  

BLF sun kaddamar da nasu bincike kan zargin da ake yi wa Makhosi Khoza. BLF ta bayar da hujjar cewa Daily Maverick wata jarida ce ta farar fata wacce ta kera labarin don kara martabar Makhosi Khoza a bainar jama'a domin samun sauki a jam'iyyar da ta balle daga ANC. 

### Cin zarafin 'yan jarida

#### Ferial Haffajee
Mngxitama yana da hannu a yakin lalata da tsohon editan *Huffington Post* Ferial Haffajee . Hotuna daban-daban na Haffajee sun fito fili tare da magudin hoto mai son nuna Haffajee a ayyuka daban-daban tare da dan kasuwa na Afirka ta Kudu Johann Rupert. Dakarun asusun Twitter na bogi da aka fi sani da "Paid Twitter" sun sake wallafa hotunan tare da yada hotunan a shafukan sada zumunta. Bayanan ainihin bayanan da aka samu suna yada hotunan sune shugaban BLF Andile Mngxitama, Mzwanele Manyi na gidauniyar Decolonization da Pinky Khoabane na Ra'ayin Uncensored. Tun a wancan lokaci an danganta wannan kamfen din Twitter da aka biya da wani kamfani na PR mai suna Bell Pottinger, wanda dangin Gupta ke daukar aiki don yada labaran karya da kuma bata sunan ‘yan jarida da ke nuna adawa da shugaba Zuma ko iyalan Gupta.  'Yar'uwar BLF, Black Opinion, tun daga lokacin sun nuna rashin jin dadin su da Haffajee, suna masu cewa ita bakar fata ce mai sassaucin ra'ayi mai goyon bayan farar fata. 

#### Peter Bruce da Tim Cohen
Tiso Blackstar editan Peter Bruce da editan *Ranar Kasuwanci* Tim Cohen sun tsorata da cin zarafi daga membobin BLF bayan buga labarin game da dangin Gupta .   Hukumar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam ta Afirka ta Kudu (SAHRC) ta bayyana damuwarta kan yadda BLF ke tursasa ‘yan jarida tare da bayar da misali da kundin tsarin mulkin Afirka ta Kudu sashe na 15 da 16 da ke magana kan ‘yancin yin jarida da ‘yancin bin addini da ra’ayi.   Kungiyar Editocin Afirka ta Kudu (SANEF) ta nemi a gaggauta hukunta ‘yan kungiyar BLF daga cin zarafin ‘yan jarida da kuma tsoratar da su. SANEF ta kuma baiwa BLF damar tabbatar da cewa ba za su kara tsoratar da ‘yan jarida ba. BLF, duk da haka, ya ƙi  kuma ya fitar da wata sanarwa inda suka jera wasu 'yan jarida farar fata waɗanda suka nuna cewa za su kasance na gaba a jerin sunayensu.  Daga cikin sauran bangarorin da suka bayyana damuwarsu har da gidauniyar Ahmed Kathrada, wacce ta yi Allah wadai da jerin sunayen da BLF ta yi niyya. 

Bayan da kungiyar ta SANEF ta kai su kotu, BLF, ta hannun kungiyarsu ta Black Opinion, sun zargi SANEF da kasancewa ’yan jarida farar fata masu wariyar launin fata da kuma poodle na fararen fata. BLF ta kuma zargi ’yan jaridar da ba farar fata ba, wadanda ke cikin shari’ar kotun SANEF a matsayin ‘masu zaman gida’ wadanda ke fama da matsalar tantance su. BLF ta bayyana cewa za su dauki mataki ne kawai a kan ‘yan jarida farar fata wadanda ke cikin wani bangare na shari’ar kotun.  

#### Mika Reddy

### Ra'ayi kan sauyin yanayi

### Kalaman ƙiyayya
A cikin Disamba 2018, a mayar da martani ga kalaman da Johann Rupert ya yi don tallafawa masana'antar taksi ta Afirka ta Kudu, Mngxitama ya tabbatar a taron BLF cewa "Ga kowane mutum daya da masana'antar taksi ke kashewa, za mu kashe fararen fata biyar",  yana haifar da taken BLF " *1: 5* ".  Mngxitama ya ci gaba da cewa, "Ku kashe daya daga cikinmu, za mu kashe ku biyar, za mu kashe 'ya'yansu, mu kashe matansu, za mu kashe duk abin da muka samu a kan hanyarmu."  Mutane da yawa sun soki kalaman, ciki har da Majalisar Wakilan Afirka ta Afirka, tare da mai magana da yawun ANC ya yi iƙirarin cewa "maganganun [Mngxitama] a fili suna haifar da tashin hankali a Afirka ta Kudu" kuma ya bukaci Hukumar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam ta Afirka ta Kudu ta gudanar da bincike.  Ita ma jam'iyyar Congress of People and Democratic Alliance ta soki wadannan kalamai tare da shigar da kara kan Mngxitama da laifin tada zaune tsaye. An kuma dakatar da shafin Twitter na Mngxitama a sakamakon haka.  A mayar da martani, mataimakin shugaban BLF, Zanele Lwana, ya mayar da martani cewa Mngxitama ya yi tsokaci ne ta fuskar kare kai da kuma "Zunubi daya tilo da shugaban BLF ya aikata shi ne kare bakaken fata. 

A cikin Maris 2022 Kotun Daidaitawa ta Afirka ta Kudu ta umarci membobin BLF Lindsay Maasdorp da Zwelakhe Dubasi su biya R200,000 a matsayin diyya kuma su ba da uzuri ga jama'a don "bikin [mummunan mutuwar]"  na yara huɗu a kan kafofin watsa labarun a cikin maganganun da aka yanke hukuncin zama kalaman ƙiyayya.  Yara hudu, wadanda dukkansu fararen fata ne, sun mutu lokacin da wata hanya ta rugujewa a makarantar sakandare ta Driehoek, VanderbijlPark . 

### Ka'idojin makirci
An soki BLF saboda amincewa da ka'idodin makirci da yawa, gami da "guntuwar rigakafin rigakafin Bill Gates Covid da 5G magnetising shirme". 

## Sakamakon zabe

### Zaben kasa

|-
! Election
! Total votes
! Share of vote
! Seats 
! +/–
! Government
|-
! 2019
| 19,796
| 0.11%
| 
| –
| 
|}
! rowspan=2 | Election
! colspan=2 | Eastern Cape
! colspan=2 | Free State
! colspan=2 | Gauteng
! colspan=2 | Kwazulu-Natal
! colspan=2 | Limpopo
! colspan=2 | Mpumalanga
! colspan=2 | North-West
! colspan=2 | Northern Cape
! colspan=2 | Western Cape
|-
! % !! Seats
! % !! Seats
! % !! Seats
! % !! Seats
! % !! Seats
! % !! Seats
! % !! Seats
! % !! Seats
! % !! Seats
|-
! 2019
| - || -
| - || -
| 0.13% || 0/73
| 0.16% || 0/80
| - || -
| 0.09% || 0/30
| 0.07% || 0/33
| - || -
| - || -
|}

### Zaben kananan hukumomi

## Bayanan kula