2016 California Shirin 64

Dokar Amfani da Marijuana ta Adult (**AUMA**) (Shugabanci na 64) wani shiri ne na masu jefa kuri'a na 2016 don halatta wiwi a California. Cikakken sunan shine Dokar Kulawa, Gudanarwa da Haraji na Amfani da Marijuana .  **Shirin 64** wuce tare da amincewar masu jefa kuri'a 57% kuma ya zama doka a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, 2016,   wanda ya haifar da sayar da wiwi na nishaɗi a California a watan Janairun 2018.

## Tarihi
Kasancewa ko sayar da wiwi a Amurka an haramta shi ta hanyar dokar tarayya. A shekara ta 1970, Shugaba Richard Nixon ya sanya hannu kan Dokar Kula da Magunguna, wanda ya kafa wiwi a matsayin Magungunan Schedule I, matakin mafi tsananin haramtacciyar doka. Masu jefa kuri'a sun ki amincewa da California Proposition 19 (1972), wanda ya nemi cire laifin marijuana a karkashin dokar California. A shekara ta 1976, Gwamna Jerry Brown ya sanya hannu kan Dokar Moscone, wanda ya rage hukuncin mallakar wiwi daga laifi zuwa laifi.

Masu jefa kuri'a sun wuce California Proposition 215 (1996), wanda ya sa California ta zama jiha ta farko da ta halatta wiwi na likita a Amurka. A cikin *Amurka v. Oakland Cannabis Buyers' Cooperative* (2001), Kotun Koli ta Amurka ta gano cewa masu ba da takardar magani na California har yanzu suna ƙarƙashin tuhumar aikata laifuka. A cikin Gonzales v. Raich (2005), Kotun Koli ta Amurka ta gano cewa ikon cinikayya na majalisa ya ba shi damar hana Oroville, California, mace, wacce ke bin dokar California, daga girma da cinye wiwi gaba ɗaya a cikin gidanta.

A watan Satumbar 2010, Gwamna Arnold Schwarzenegger ya sanya hannu kan dokar da ta rage mallakar wiwi daga aikata laifuka zuwa laifin farar hula. A watan Nuwamba masu jefa kuri'a sun ki amincewa da California Proposition 19 (2010), wanda zai halatta amfani da wiwi na nishaɗi, ba ya sanya haraji na jihar, kuma ya ba da damar ma'aikata su kori ma'aikaci don amfani da wiwa a wurin aiki kawai bayan ya nuna cewa ya haifar da rauni.

A cikin shekara ta 2012, masu jefa kuri'a sun wuce Washington Initiative 502 da Colorado Amendment 64, wanda ya halatta amfani da wiwi na nishaɗi a waɗancan jihohin. Sauran jihohi biyu sun biyo baya a cikin 2014, lokacin da masu jefa kuri'a suka wuce Oregon Ballot Measure 91 (2014) da Alaska Measure 2 (2014). A watan Yulin 2015, Mataimakin Gwamna Gavin Newsom, Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama ta Amurka, da Jami'ar Stanford sun fitar da rahoton karshe na Hukumar Blue Ribbon kan Manufofin Marijuana, wanda ya ba da shawarar ka'idoji don amfani da wiwi na nishaɗi a California.

A ranar 4 ga Nuwamba, 2014, an zartar da Shirin California 47. Har ila yau, wanda aka fi sani da Dokar Makwabta da Makarantu, Shirin 47 ya sanya hukunci don mallaki abubuwa masu sarrafawa a jihar California ya sauka daga laifi zuwa laifi. Wannan dokar ta sake rarraba laifuffuka masu alaƙa da mallaka a matsayin masu laifi ya ba da damar waɗanda aka yanke musu hukunci a baya su shigar da kara ga tuhumar laifuffukansu wanda ga wasu yana nufin gajeren hukunci da wasu ƙananan tuhume-tuhumen a cikin rikodin su.

## Abun ciki
A cewar Ofishin Mai Binciken Shari'a na California, matakin ya canza dokar California don halatta mallaka, noma, da sayar da wiwi. Ana ba wa mutane sama da shekaru 21 damar mallaka, noma, da sayar da wiwi; jihar ta tsara ayyukan kasuwanci da suka shafi kasuwanci don amfani da nishaɗi; harajin haraji na 15% da ƙarin $ 9.25 a kowace ounce na furen ko $ 2.75 a kowace ounces na ganye za a tattara; kuma mallaka da noma wasu kudade don amfani da mutum an halatta shi a duk fadin jihar.

Dokar Amfani da Marijuana ta Adult (AUMA) (Shugabanci na 64) tana ba da dama da dama da suka fara daga karfafa tattalin arziki na kasuwannin da masana'antu da yawa zuwa taimakon kudi na tsarin shari'ar aikata laifuka, wanda ke cike da abubuwan da suka faru da kuma jiran shari'o'in masu laifin cannabis marasa tashin hankali. Kudin da aka biya a cikin sabon Asusun Haraji na Marijuana na California zai ware kashi 60% na fitarwa ga shirye-shiryen matasa, kashi 20% ga tsaftace lalacewar muhalli, da kuma kashi 20% ga lafiyar jama'a.

## Manazarta