Ejike Obumneme Aghanya

**Ejike Ebenezer Obumneme Aghanya** (an haife shi ranar 27 ga watan Nuwamba, 1932 ya mutu ranar 3 ga watan Yuli shekara ta 2020  ) jam'in soja ne kuma injiniyan lantarki wanda ya yi aiki a Sojojin Najeriya da Sojojin Biyafara, ya yi ritaya a matsayin kanal. An zarge shi da hannu a juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966 an kama shi kuma an daure shi ba tare da an gurfanar da shi ba har zuwa lokacin barkewar yakin basasar Najeriya inda ya yi aiki a bangaren Biafra, yana rike da muhimman mukamai a cikin Sojojin Biyafara. Shi ne shugaban Hukumar Bincike da Samar da Biyafara (RAP) wacce ta kera bama -bamai, rokoki, makamai masu linzami (wanda ake kira Ogbunigwe ), da alburusai, motoci masu sulke, na’urorin sadarwa da matatun man fetur da sauransu ga Sojojin Biyafara.  Daga baya ya kasance Shugaban Ma’aikata na Kungiyar Biyafara ta ‘Yan Fighters (BOFF) wanda shi ne yakar ‘ yan sintiri da sashin ayyuka na musamman na Sojojin Biyafara.  Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Kwamandan Bataliya, Kwamandan Injiniya na Injiniya na 44 da Injiniya Battalion Sojojin Biafra sannan daga baya Kwamandan Birged na 58 Brigade na 12 Infantry Division Biafra Army lokacin yakin.

## Ilimi
Aghanya ya yi karatunsa na firamare a makarantar firamare ta St Cyprian daga Fatakwal bayan haka ya halarci Okram Grammar School Okrika, Nigeria ya kammala a shekarar 1953. Digiri na farko ya kasance injiniyan lantarki daga Kwalejin Fasaha ta Yaba a shekara ta 1957. Ya tafi karatun digiri na biyu a Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta London, daga baya ya koma Kwalejin Fasaha ta Southampton wanda ya kammala karatun injiniyan lantarki da lantarki a shekarar 1960. Daga nan ya shiga hidimar watsa labarai ta Najeriya inda ya zama shugaban kungiyar ma'aikatan yada labarai ta Najeriya. 

## Aikin soja
A 1962 Aghanya ya kasance na biyu ga Sojojin Najeriya. Ya sami horon sojoji na asali a Kwalejin Horar da Sojojin Najeriya (NMTC) Kaduna sannan ya ci gaba da halartar kwasa-kwasai da horo na musamman a Makarantar Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (REME) karkashin Manjo Janar Denis Redman a Arborfield Garrison, United Kingdom daga 1962-1963. . An nada shi aikin Soja a ranar 2 ga Maris 1963 tare da lambar aikin N/349 da mukamin kyaftin. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamandan Kwamanda na Sojojin Najeriya Injiniyoyin Injiniya da Injiniya (NAEME) Kaduna daga 1963-1964. a shekarar 1964 an kara masa girma zuwa Manjo kuma yayi aiki a matsayin Kwamandan Kwamandan Sojojin Najeriya na Injiniyan Injiniya da Injiniya (NAEME) hedkwatar Soja ta Legas ya zama dan Najeriya na farko da ya fara rike wannan mukami, ya karbi ragamar mulki daga hannun kwamandan kwamandan Ingila na karshe Manjo Whittle. 

Bayan juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966, an cafke Aghanya a ranar 18 ga watan Janairun 1966 tare da Laftanar Kanal Victor Banjo da ake zargi da yunkurin kashe shugaban sojoji Manjo Janar Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi .   An tsare Aghanya ba tare da an gurfanar da shi a gidan yarin Kirikiri Maximum Security Prison tare da wasu da ake zargin suna da hannu a juyin mulkin ba. Daga baya aka mayar da shi Enugu sannan daga baya ya koma gidan yari na Abakaliki.  Idan za a iya tunawa, wadanda ke da hannu dumu -dumu cikin tsare -tsare da aiwatar da juyin mulkin kamar Manjo Adewale Ademoyega sun tabbatar da cewa babu laifi Aghanya da Banjo a cikin tarihin su.  Bayan juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966 inda aka kashe Aguyi Ironsi, an saki Aghanya daga gidan yari a watan Maris na 1967 bisa umarnin gwamnan yankin Gabas na lokacin, Kanal (daga baya Janar) Odumegwu Ojukwu, ya bijirewa umarnin sabon shugaban kasa Kanal (daga baya Janar) Yakubu Gowon .  A martaninsa Gowon ya sanar da sakin Aghanya da wasu bayan gaskiya. 

### Bincike da Samarwa (RAP)
At the outbreak of hostilities in July 1967 that marked the beginning of the Nigerian Biafran war, Aghanya was commissioned into the Biafran Army with the rank of Colonel and appointed Commanding Officer of the 44th Electrical and Mechanical Engineer Battalion Biafran Army by the then Chief of Staff Biafran Army, Brigadier Hillary Njoku. A few weeks into the conflict he was further appointed as head of the Biafran Agency for Research and Production (RAP) by General Ojukwu. In this position Aghanya was in charge of coordinating Biafran scientists, engineers and raw materials in a concerted effort at boosting the industrial production of war relevant materials for the Biafran government. Under his leadership, various scientific work groups were created to achieve specific goals. Priorities were weapons, ammunition and fuel. To this end he set up and supervised among others: A karkashin umurninsa na RAP, munanan makamai na Biafra Ogbunigwe wadanda suka hada da nakiyoyi masu sarrafa kansu, abubuwan fashewa, da makamai masu linzami da Jamhuriyar Biafra ta kera. A cewar ikirarin gwamnatin Biyafara a wancan lokacin, RAP ta samar da makami mai linzami (Piom-Piom) shi ne makamin roka na farko da aka kera shi gaba daya, ya ci gaba, aka samar da shi kuma aka harba shi a Afirka.

Aghanya ya kasance mai kula da kula da ƙungiyoyin kimiyya daban -daban da ya kafa, samowa da wadatar da kayan da ake buƙata don samarwa tare da rarraba kayan da aka gama ga sojojin. Ya kasance mai kula da gwajin samfur, tare da horar da sojoji a amfani da makamai iri -iri, bamabamai, gurneti da makamai masu linzami. Don haka ne ya ƙirƙiro ƙungiyoyin Ogbunigwe daban -daban waɗanda aka rarraba su a cikin salon rundunar kashe gobara zuwa fannonin yaƙi daban -daban yayin da buƙata ta taso. Da farko an tura shi Bonny don ya taimaka ya kare Fatakwal daga ci gaba da runduna ta 3 ta Commando Commandole na Benjamin Adekunle tare da Biyafara ya kera ma’adanai, baturan bakin ruwa da makamai masu linzami, daga baya aka tura shi da sojojinsa na Ogbunigwe zuwa Onitsha ta Janar Ojukwu don kare wannan birni. Hare -hare daga Murtala Mohammed Sashi na Biyu. Aghanya ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kare Onitsha.   Aghanya da sojojinsa na Ogbunigwe sun kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kare garuruwan Aba, Ikot Ekpene, Umuahia da Owerri . 

### Kungiyar masu fafutukar kafa kasar Biafra (BOFF)
Bayan faduwar wasu manyan yankunan Biyafara kamar Enugu, Abakaliki, Calabar, Ikot-Ekpene da Fatakwal, sai ta kara fitowa fili cewa Biafra ba za ta iya kare kanta ba ta hanyar amfani da dakaru kawai. Don haka Aghanya ya tuntubi Janar Ojukwu da sabon Shugaban Hafsoshin Sojojin Biyafara, Manjo Janar Madiebo, tare da shawarar kafa rundunar ‘yan ta’adda da karfin rarraba, wanda zai yi aiki a bayan abokan gaba musamman a yankunan Biyafara da sojojin Najeriya suka mamaye. Rundunar za ta kunshi fararen hula, ciki har da mata, wadanda bayan da aka horar da su kan yin zagon kasa da amfani da abubuwan da ake amfani da su na RAP za su kutsa a bayan layin abokan gaba. An bai wa Aghanya aikin kafawa, ba da kayan aiki da horas da rundunar mayaƙan wanda aka sanya wa suna Biafran Organization of Freedom Fighters (BOFF). Har ila yau ana kiranta "Rangers", ra'ayin da ke bayan wannan rarrabuwa an ɗan yi wahayi zuwa gare shi kuma a hankali ya dogara da abin koyi na Vietnam Cong.  Ya samu wata tawagar kasar Afrika ta Kudu malamai a karkashin Kanar Jan Breytenbach don horar da BOFF sojoji a ɓarna da gangan da kuma counterinsurgency .    An sanya Aghanya a matsayin kwamandan kwamandan wannan sabon reshe na rundunar sojojin mai taken Babban Hafsan Sojoji.   Membobin ma'aikatansa sun hada da Chinua Achebe, Dr Ukwu I. Ukwu da Dr Okonjo (mahaifin Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala )  Hedikwatar sashin BOFF tana Umuahia . 

Dangane da manufofi, manufofi da tsarin BOFF, Ezenwa-Ohaeto ya nakalto Aghanya kamar haka:

BOFF ita ce babbar rundunar fada da Biafra baya ga sojoji na yau da kullun.  A watan Afrilun 1968 sun cimma wani ɗan gajere amma abin ban mamaki ta hanyar sake kwato Asaba daga runduna ta biyu ta Sojojin Najeriya, tare da toshe hanyoyin kai tsaye a ƙetaren Kogin Neja . Sun kuma hana Rundunar Sojojin Najeriya ta biyu hada kai da Runduna ta farko da ke Hedikwatar ta a Enugu ta hanyar toshe hanyar Onitsha zuwa Enugu yadda ya kamata har zuwa karshen yakin. Ya zuwa watan Satumbar 1968 suna gudanar da ayyuka da yawa a bayan layin abokan gaba, a yankin Mid-Western da sauran yankunan Biafra da aka mamaye.  Ya zuwa watan Yunin 1969, ayyukan masu fafutukar kafa kasar Biafra sun yi yawa a yankin Yammacin Yammacin Turai har sai da aka tura Bataliyar Sojojin Najeriya guda shida zuwa yankin a kokarin duba barazanar.  Hukumar BOFF a karkashin Aghanya ta kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kwato Owerri a shekarar 1969. 

## Rayuwar masu zaman kansu
Aghanya ta auri Miss Comfort Ifeoma Modebelu a ranar 19 ga Mayu 1962 a Birmingham, United Kingdom. Ya kasance abokin aiki, kuma memba na kungiyar Injiniyoyin Najeriya (FNSE), memba na Majalisar Injiniyoyin Rajista na Najeriya (COREN), kuma memba na Cibiyar Injiniyoyin Lantarki da Rediyo ta Burtaniya .  Bayan yaƙin, Aghanya ya kafa kamfanin injiniya mai zaman kansa mai suna NICON Engineering Company kuma shine farkon wanda ya ƙera ƙira da ƙeta da kuma samar da fitilun zirga -zirga a Najeriya.   Ya kasance mamba na masu rike da sarautun gargajiya na kabilar Igbo Nze na Ozo mai rike da mukamin Ochiagha-Udo na Amawbia, wanda ya kafa kungiyar Ohanaeze Ndigbo, kuma mamba a jam'iyyar Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). 

## Bayanan kula
 

## Manazarta

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* Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Chinua Achebe : Tarihin Rayuwa (1997) James Currey. ISBN&nbsp;
* Gbulie, Ben (1981). Manyan Masarautu biyar na Najeriya: Juyin Juya Halin 15 ga Janairun 1966, Asusun Farko Na Farko. Mawallafin Ilimin Afirka (Nig).
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* Njoku, Hillary (1987). Bala'i ba tare da jarumai ba : yakin Najeriya da Biafra. Girma ta Hudu. ISBN&nbsp;
* Siollun, Max (2009). Man fetur, siyasa da tashin hankali : Al'adun juyin mulkin sojan Najeriya (1966-1976). Algora Pub