Roberto Calderoli

Roberto Calderoli (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 1956) ɗan siyasan Italiya ne kuma memba na Majalisar Dattijai ta Jamhuriyar . Ya kasance Minista ba tare da fayil ba don sauƙaƙe majalisa a cikin majalisar ministocin Berlusconi IV . A baya ya yi aiki a matsayin Minista ba tare da fayil ba don gyare-gyare da juyin juya hali a cikin majalisar ministocin Berlusconi II (tun daga 20 Yuni 2004) da kuma majalisar ministoci ta Berlusconi III (har zuwa 18 Fabrairu 2006, lokacin da ya yi murabus bayan gardama). Wani jagora ne na Lega Nord, an dauke shi a matsayin wakiltar bangaren dama na bangaren siyasa.[1] Yana aiki a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Yankin dama Kasuwanci a cikin Ma'aikatar Meloni tun 2022.

Calderoli sau da yawa cibiyar rikice-rikicen jama'a ce, yawanci saboda wariyar launin fata, wariyar launinariya, ko maganganun jama'a masu banƙyama. A watan Yulin 2013, Calderoli ya zagi Ministan baƙar fata na farko na Italiya, Italo-Congolese Cécile Kyenge, yana cewa: "Duk lokacin da na ga Ministan Kyenge, ba zan iya taimakawa ba sai dai in yi tunanin orangutan" 

## Ayyuka
Dan asalin Bergamo kuma likitan hakora kamar yawancin danginsa, Calderoli ya fara kwarewarsa ta siyasa tare da Lega Lombarda, wanda ya kasance shugaban kungiyar tarayyar Arewa, wanda ya zama shugaban kasa a 1993 kuma sakataren kasa tsakanin 1995 da 2002.

Tsakanin 1990 da 1995, ya zauna a cikin majalisar gari a Bergamo, kuma tun daga 2002 ya kasance mai kula da sakatariyar kasa ta Kungiyar Arewa. Ya kasance dan majalisa a Majalisar Wakilai tsakanin 1992 da 2001, a matsayin wakilin kungiyar Northern League-Padania, kuma na ɗan lokaci ya kasance shugaban Hukumar Harkokin Jama'a.

A cikin babban zaben Italiya na shekara ta 2001, an zabe shi a Majalisar Dattijai ta Italiya a cikin mazabar Albino ta farko da ta wuce. Daga nan ya zama mataimakin shugaban majalisar dattijai har zuwa watan Yulin shekara ta 2004, lokacin da aka nada shi Ministan gyare-gyare na ma'aikata a madadin Umberto Bossi, shugaban kungiyar Northern League na dogon lokaci wanda ya sha wahala mai tsanani kuma bai iya yin aikinsa ba. A lokacin mulkinsa, ya kuma rubuta sabuwar dokar zabe bisa ga wakilci mai daidaituwa tare da mafi rinjaye maimakon tsarin jefa kuri'a, wanda aka fara gabatar da shi a Italiya a 1994 ta hanyar raba gardama. Sakamakon haka, Calderoli da kansa ya soki dokar zabe da ya rubuta ta hanyar bayyana shi una porcata (a zahiri, "abu ne na alade"). 

Calderoli a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin sakataren Lega per Salvini Premier . 

## Sabuwar dokar zabe (2005)
An kafa sabuwar dokar zabe a shekara ta 2005 a karkashin Calderoli's rapporteurship, sannan aka kira ta Calderole Law, kuma wani nau'i ne na wakilci mai daidaituwa. Wata jam'iyya ta gabatar da jerin sunanta kuma tana iya shiga wasu jam'iyyun a cikin kawance. Kungiyar hadin gwiwa wacce ke karɓar yawa ta atomatik ta lashe akalla kujeru 26. Da yake girmama wannan yanayin, ana raba kujerun tsakanin hadin gwiwa, sannan kuma zuwa jerin jam'iyyun, ta amfani da babbar hanyar da ta rage tare da Hare Quota. Don karɓar kujeru, jam'iyya dole ne ta shawo kan shingen kashi 8% na kuri'un idan ta yi takara a tseren guda, ko kuma kashi 3% na kuri'u idan ta gudana cikin kawance. Canjin dokar zabe ya nemi Union of Christian and Center Democrats, kuma a ƙarshe Berlusconi ya amince da shi, kodayake an soki shi (ciki har da masanin kimiyyar siyasa Giovanni Sartori) saboda dawowarsa ga daidaito da lokacinsa, kasa da shekara guda kafin babban zabe. Calderoli da kansa ya bayyana dokar zabe a matsayin porcata - al'amarin naman alade.

## Rikicin zane-zane
A lokacin rikicin kasa da kasa da aka haifar da bugawa na zane-zane na Jyllands-Posten Muhammad, Calderoli ya yi maganganu a ranar 8 ga Fabrairu 2006 wanda ya yarda da amfani da karfi a kan Musulmai kuma ya nemi Paparoma Benedict XVI ya shiga tsakani don samar da "haɗin kai", yana mai da hankali ga yaƙe-yaƙe na Lepanto da Vienna.

A ranar 15 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2006, ya sanar da cewa zai sa T-shirt tare da zane-zanen Muhammadu. Daga baya a wannan maraice, bayan da aka watsa labarai a gidan talabijin na jihar Rai Uno, a lokacin wata hira ta kai tsaye ya ce: "Ina sanye da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan T-shirts har yanzu", kuma nan da nan ya buɗe rigarsa, yana nuna T-shirt tare da caricature a kansa. Kodayake manema labarai sun ba da rahoton cewa yana ɗaya daga cikin zane-zanen *Jyllands-Posten*, a zahiri zane-zanensa ne da aka buga a shafin gaba na France-Soir a cikin fitowar 1 ga Fabrairu 2006, a ranar da wannan jaridar ta buga zane-zancen Jyllands na Posten. A zahiri, Calderoli bai nuna ɗaya daga cikin zane-zane da ya haifar da rikicin duniya ba.

An buga taron ne a ko'ina a Libya (tsohuwar mulkin mallaka na Italiya), kuma kimanin mutane 1,000 sun taru don zanga-zanga kuma sun fara jefa duwatsu da kwalabe zuwa ofishin jakadancin Italiya a Benghazi wanda suka ƙone. A cikin rikice-rikice da 'yan sanda, akalla mutane goma sha ɗaya sun mutu kuma ashirin da biyar sun ji rauni.

Daga baya, Silvio Berlusconi ya nemi Calderoli ya yi murabus saboda aikinsa ya saba wa tsarin siyasa na gwamnati; a wata hira da aka yi da jaridar Italiya *La Repubblica*, Calderole ya bayyana cewa ba zai yi murabes ba. Daga bisani ya ba da gudummawa ga matsin lamba mai yawa da ke fitowa daga dukkan jam'iyyun (da rashin goyon baya a kansa), kuma ya yi murabus a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu 2006.  

## Manazarta