open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Anna Strutt

**Anna Strutt** malamar New Zealand ce, kuma cikakken farfesa ne na tattalin arziki a Jami'ar Waikato, ta ƙware a cikin nazarin manufofin duniya.

## Ayyukan ilimi
Strutt ya kammala digirin PhD mai taken Ci gaban Tattalin Arziki, Manufofin Ciniki da Muhalli a Indonesia a Jami'ar Adelaide a shekarar 1998.  Strutt daga nan ya shiga bangaren koyarwa na Jami'ar Waikato a shekarar 1996, ya tashi zuwa cikakken farfesa a shekarar 2019. Strutt ya kasance Shugaban Sashen Tattalin Arziki a cikin 2016-17, kuma tun daga 2019 ya kasance Daraktan Ilimi na Shirye-shiryen Asiya da Yarjejeniya a Makarantar Gudanarwa ta Waikato.

Cibiyar bincike ta Strutt a kan nazarin manufofin kasa da kasa. Tana gudanar da bincike mai yawa ta amfani da samfuran daidaitawa gaba ɗaya. Strutt yana koyarwa kan tattalin arzikin kasa da kasa, nazarin manufofin tattalin arziki, da kuma tsarin kasuwanci na duniya.

Strutt ya ba da shawara ko tuntubi kungiyoyi daban-daban na ƙasa da na duniya, gami da Cibiyar Mekong, Bankin Ci Gaban Asiya, Kungiyar Abinci da Aikin Gona ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Bankin Duniya, da Hukumar samar da Ayyuka ta Australia. Ta kasance mai ziyara a Jami'ar Adelaide, kuma mai bincike ne a Jami'an Purdue, kuma tana koyarwa a cikin gajeren karatunsu na shekara-shekara, yana rufe nazarin kasuwanci na duniya da yarjejeniyar kasuwanci ta fi dacewa. Strutt ya kasance a cikin Kwamitin Gudanar da Kasuwanci da Ci Gaban Duniya tun daga 2019, kuma mai ba da shawara ne ga Cibiyar Bincike da Horarwa ta Asiya-Pacific kan Ciniki tun daga 2020.  Ita ce mataimakiyar edita ta Journal of Global Economic Analysis . 

## Manazarta

*
Ogbonna Okechukwu Onovo

**Ogbonna Okechukwu Onovo** Listenⓘ (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1953) tsohon Sufeto Janar ne na 'Yan sanda na Najeriya (IGP), yana aiki daga watan Yulin shekara ta 2009 zuwa Satumba shekara ta 2010. An nada shi IGP a lokacin da Mike Mbama Okiro ya yi ritaya.

## Tarihi
An haifi Ogbonna Okechukwu Onovo a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 1953 a yankin karamar hukumar Nkanu na Jihar Enugu . Ya halarci Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka daga 1972 - 1976, inda ya sami B.Sc. Kimiyya ta Siyasa.

Ya shiga rundunar 'yan sanda a watan Agustan 1977 a matsayin Mataimakin Superintendent na' yan sanda kuma ya tashi a hankali a cikin matsayi, ya zama Kwamishinan' yan sanda a watan Afrilun 1997 da Mataimakin Sufeto-Janar na' yan sandan a watan Mayu 2001. Matsayinsa na farko sun kasance a Jihar Rivers, tare da matsayi na baya a Jihar Imo, Legas, Jihar Edo, Jihar Adamawa da Jihar Ogun. Tsakanin 1998 da 2000 ya kasance shugaban / babban jami'in zartarwa na Hukumar Kula da Dokokin Magunguna ta Kasa (NDLEA). An ci gaba da shi zuwa Mataimakin Sufeto Janar a ranar 14 ga Maris 2002, kuma ya yi aiki da Sufeto Janara uku (Tafa Balogun, Sunday Ehindero da Mike Okiro) a wannan rawar. Ya kasance a takaice Sufeto Janar na rundunar 'yan sanda ta Najeriya a 2007, kafin a nada Mike Okiro a matsayin IG.

## Sufeto Janar na 'yan sanda
A bikin inda ya ɗauki matsayin mukaddashin IGP a watan Yulin 2009, Ogbonna Okechukwu Onovo ya yi alkawarin ci gaba da jagorancin da magajinsa ya kafa. Ya ce "za mu tabbatar da cewa muna da al'umma mai kwanciyar hankali da aminci tare da aikata laifuka da aka kawo zuwa mafi ƙarancin ta hanyar fara sabbin dabarun yaki da aikata laphuka da kuma amfani da manyan kadarorinmu, ma'aikata ta hanyar matakan da suka dace. " A ranar 5 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2009 Majalisar 'yan sanda ta Najeriya ta tabbatar da Onovo a matsayin Sufeto Janar na' yan sanda.

A watan Agustan shekara ta 2009, Ogbonna Okechukwu Onovo ya ce za a ba da izinin mai ba da taimako ga sansanoni (ADC) da ke haɗe da gwamnoni ko masu rike da mukamai na siyasa su kwashe fiye da shekaru uku a kan wannan aikin, bayan haka dole ne su koma cikin karfi. Ya kuma sanar da kamfen don tura jami'an 'yan sanda masu tafi-da-gidanka don magance yawan sace-sacen a Jihar Anambra da duk Kudu maso Gabas.

A ƙarshen watan Yulin shekara ta 2009, mambobin ƙungiyar Boko Haram masu tsattsauran ra'ayi sun ci gaba da tashin hankali a jihohin Arewacin Najeriya guda biyar, suna kai hari kan ofisoshin 'yan sanda da yawa. A lokacin tashin hankali, an kama Mohammed Yusuf, shugaban Boko Haram, kuma ya mutu a hannun 'yan sanda, an ruwaito cewa lokacin da yake ƙoƙarin tserewa. A ranar 5 ga watan Agusta, Ogbonna Okechukwu Onovo ya kira kwamishinonin 'yan sanda guda biyar a Arewa maso Gabas don bayyana sa hannun' yan sanda a cikin mutuwar. A watan Satumbar 2009, Ogbonna Okechukwu Onovo ya ayyana 'yan sanda 20 da suka mutu suna ƙoƙarin kiyaye tsari "National Heroes" kuma sun gabatar da takardun shaida ga iyalansu a matsayin diyya.

## Manazarta
Bang Bang (channel na talabijin)

**Bang Bang** tasha ce ta talabijin ta Albaniya ga yara 'yan shekara 1-14. An ƙaddamar da ita a ranar 17 ga Disamba 2004 ta hanyar dandamalin talabijin na DigitAlb . Duk shirye-shiryen Bang Bang suna cikin harshen Albaniya ne, wanda za a iya canzawa zuwa harshen asali (na dubbing) akan waƙar sauti ta biyu. Tashar kuma tana da tsarin kimantawa, wanda aka raba zuwa ƙungiyoyi uku; Jariri (shekaru 1-5), Yara (shekaru 6-9), da Tsarawa (shekaru 11-14). 

Çufo ita ce babbar tashar 'yar uwarta, tana raba wa junan ta waƙoƙi da talla game da abubuwan da ke tafe. Yawancin waƙoƙin da aka watsa a Çufo a baya suna watsawa a Bang Bang ko akasin haka.

## Shirye-shirye

### Shirye-shirye
*Bang Bang* yana watsa shirye-shiryen zane-zane na ƙasashen waje daban-daban daga ko'ina cikin duniya, waɗanda aka yi wa lakabi da Albaniya, tare da wasu waƙoƙin asali na Albaniya waɗanda galibi DigitAlb ne suka yi. Studio Suprem ne ke kula da wannan aikin, tare da gudummawar da aka bayar a baya daga ɗakunan studio daban-daban kamar su "Jess" Discographic na AA Film Company, NGS Recording, Top Channel, Albatrade, da Albania Production (Unison). 

## Tarihin tambari
Tambarin farko da Bang Bang ya yi amfani da shi daga 2004 zuwa 2006 ya nuna jirgin ƙasa mai injin yana nuna harafin "B" da kuma karusan da ke rubuta "ANG BANG." Tambarin na biyu, wanda aka yi amfani da shi daga 2006 zuwa 2007, ya nuna wani fenti mai launin shuɗi mai ɗauke da kalmomin "BANG BANG" a ciki. Daga 2007 zuwa 2009, tambarin ya ƙunshi launuka takwas daban-daban, kowannensu yana ɗauke da harafi ɗaya na sunan, kamar "B" a fenti na farko da "A" a fenti na biyu. Tun daga 2009, tambarin ya yi amfani da haruffa takwas masu launin rawaya, kuma tashar ta gabatar da abin tunawa nata, biri da aka samar daga haruffan tashar.

## Manazarta
Elizee De Garis

**Elisha Clement "Elizee" De Garis** (17 ga Satumba 1851 - 2 ga Yulin 1948) ya kasance mai ban ruwa na Australiya.

## Farkon rayuwa
An haifi De Garis a Guernsey" id="mwCg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Saint Martin, Guernsey">Saint Martin a Guernsey a cikin Channel Islands ga masassaƙi Elisha De Garis da Mary, née Roberts. A shekara ta 1854 De Garises sun yi ƙaura zuwa Ostiraliya, suka zauna a Adelaide sannan Naracoorte. Matashi Elisha ya halarci Makarantar Kwalejin St Peter kafin ya koma Melbourne a 1872 don nazarin gine-gine. An naɗa shi a cikin Ikilisiyar Wesleyan Methodist a 1880, ya auri Elizabeth Buncle a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu 1881 kuma an naɗa shi minista a 1882 don Durham Ox da Kerang. Ya zama sananne a matsayin mai goyon bayan tsarin ban ruwa na Hugh McColl kuma an nada shi wakilin ban ruwa na Melbourne Daily Telegraph; an nada shi shugaban farko na Tragowel Plains Irrigation and Water Supply Trust kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban kungiyar ban ruwa ta tsakiya, yana gyara Australian Irrigationist kuma ya kafa Associated Australian Yeomanry.

A shekara ta 1888, De Garis ya kasance kwamishinan baje kolin duniya na Melbourne Centennial, bayan ya yi watsi da zane a shekara ta 1887 (ko da yake ya ci gaba a matsayin mai wa'azi). Ya kafa lambun kasuwa a Werribee tare da George Chaffey amma a cikin 1891 ya koma Mildura, inda ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa Australian Dried Fruits Association kuma shugaban Mildura Shire Council (1907-08). Ya koma Melbourne a 1908, ya bar ɗansa Jack don gudanar da al'amuran Mildura. An zabe shi a Majalisar Moorabbin Shire a cikin 1909, ya yi takara ba tare da nasara ba don kujerar jihar Brighton a cikin 1909 da kujerar tarayya ta Yarra a cikin 1910 don Jam'iyyar Liberal. Ya shafe lokaci a Guernsey daga 1916 zuwa 1919; matarsa ta mutu a 1918 kuma ya sake auren Mary Evaleen Waugh a ranar 23 ga Afrilu 1919 a Auburn. Ya mutu a shekara ta 1948.[1]

## Manazarta
Elaine Stratford

**Elaine Stratford** masanin ilimin al'adu da siyasa ne na Australiya, masanin kimiyya, kuma marubuciya. Ita Farfesa ce a fannin ilimin ƙasa a Makarantar ilimin ƙasa, tsarawa, da Kimiyya a Kwalejin Kimiyya da Injiniya a Jami'ar Tasmania.

Ayyukan Stratford sun mayar da hankali kan yadda mutane ke tunani game da bunƙasa da rashin jin daɗi a wuri da kuma kan motsi a kan hanyar rayuwa a cikin tarihin tarihi da na zamani.

Stratford Fellow ce ta Cibiyar Nazarin Yanayi ta Australiya daga wanda, a cikin 2021, ta sami lambar yabo mafi girma, lambar yabo ta Griffith Taylor, saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga ilimin ƙasa a Ostiraliya. Har ila yau, ita ce Fellow na Royal Society of Arts da Royal Geographical Society / Institute of British Geographers .

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Stratford a Saskatoon, Saskatchewan sannan ya zauna a Christchurch, New Zealand, da Adelaide, Canberra, da Hobart a Ostiraliya. Ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a Jami'ar Flinders, inda ta sami digiri na farko na fannin ilimin ƙasa da zane-zane a shekarar 1984, sannan ta sami digiri a fannin ilimin lissafi a shekarar 1986. Ta ci gaba da karatun digirin digirin ta a Nazarin Muhalli a Cibiyar Nazarin Muhallin Mawson a Jami'ar Adelaide daga 1992 zuwa 1995. A shekara ta 2010, ta kuma kammala Jagora na Gudanar da Ilimi na Tertiary a Cibiyar LH Martin a Jami'ar Melbourne, kuma ƙaramar litattafan ta kasance a kan rawar shugabannin sassan jami'a.

## Ayyuka
Stratford ta fara aikinta na ilimi a shekarar 1987 a matsayin mai koyarwa a fannin ilimin ƙasa a Jami'ar Flinders . Daga 1992 zuwa 1995, yayin da take aiki a kan PhD ta yi aiki a matsayin mai koyarwa a Cibiyar Mawson kuma a matsayin Mataimakin Bincike ga Farfesa na Harshe. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 1995, ta shiga Jami'ar Tasmania a matsayin malami. An inganta ta zuwa babban malami a shekara ta 2003, zuwa mataimakiyar farfesa a shekara ta 2008, da kuma farfesa a shekarar 2016. 

Stratford ya kasance Shugaban Makarantar Geography da Nazarin Muhalli a Jami'ar Tasmania daga tsakiyar 2005 zuwa ƙarshen 2013. An nada ta a matsayin Darakta mai kafa Cibiyar Peter Underwood don Amfani da Ilimi a cikin wannan ma'aikatar a cikin 2015,  kuma ta ci gaba da yin bincike tare da Cibiyar Underwood daga 2017 zuwa 2019 yayin aiki a kan ayyuka na musamman a Cibiyar Nazarin Canjin Jama'a.

## Manazarta
Márta Svéd

**Márta Svéd** (16 ga Nuwamba 1910 - 30 ga Satumba 2005) masanin lissafi ne na Hungary wanda ya kasance malamin lissafi a Jami'ar Adelaide bayan ya koma Ostiraliya a cikin shekarun 1930. Tana da shekaru 75 lokacin da ta kammala digirin digirgir a shekarar 1985. Ta rubuta littafin Journey into Geometries (1991), kuma ta lashe kyautar BH Neumann a 1994 saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga ilmantarwa a lissafi a Ostiraliya.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Márta Svéd a Hungary a ranar 16 ga Nuwamba 1910. Ta kasance a cikin aji na makarantar sakandare a Budapest kamar Esther Klein. Ta zama mai sha'awar lissafi ta hanyar *Középiskolai Matematikai Lapok* (*KöMaL*), mujallar Hungary don masu ilimin lissafi na makarantar sakandare, kuma ta hanyar shafi na warware matsalar, inda Paul Erdős ya kasance mai warwarewa na yau da kullun.

Ta dauki matsayi na uku a cikin shekara ta shekara ta gasar lissafi ta makarantar sakandare ta Hungary, a gaban Pál Turán amma a bayan mijinta na gaba, injiniyan farar hula George Svéd. Saboda takunkumin da aka sanya wa Yahudawa a Hungary a ƙarshen shekarun 1920, ɗalibai biyu ne kawai daga ajin su za su iya karatun kimiyya ko lissafi a jami'ar da ke Budapest; Márta ta ɗauki matsayin lissafi, kuma Klein ya yi karatun kimiyyar lissafi a maimakon haka.

## Rayuwa ta baya
Svéd da mijinta sun koma Ostiraliya a 1939 kuma suna da ɗa ɗaya da 'yar ɗaya. Ta zama shugabar sashen lissafi a makarantar Wilderness, makarantar sakandare mai zaman kanta ta Adelaide don 'yan mata, kuma a wannan shekarar ta taimaka wajen gano mujallar lissafi ta farko ta makarantar sakandare ta Australia.

Tsohon abokinta Klein, a halin yanzu, ta auri masanin lissafi George Szekeres kuma ta tsere daga Turai zuwa Shanghai; bayan Yaƙin Duniya na II, iyalan Szekeres da Svéd sun raba ƙaramin ɗaki a Adelaide.

## Manazarta
Aliança da Terra

**Aliança da Terra (AT)**, ko kuma **Ƙungiyar Ƙasa**, ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta ta Brazil wadda ke haɗa manoma, masu bincike, masu kare muhalli da 'yan kasuwa a masana'antar noma don haɓaka wayar da kan jama'a game da muhalli da ayyukan kula da filaye a yankin Amazon .  An kafa Alianca da Terra a shekara ta 2004 ta hannun John Cain Carter, wani makiyayi ɗan Amurka kuma matukin jirgi da ke zaune a Mato Grosso, Brazil. 

## Manazarta
Endemic Bird Area

**Yankin Tsuntsaye (EBA)** yanki ne na ƙasar da BirdLife International ta ayyana a matsayin yana da mahimmanci ga kiyaye tsuntsayen da suka dogara da wurin zama saboda yana ɗauke da matsugunin ƙayyadaddun nau'in tsuntsaye (duba ƙasa don ma'anar), wanda ke da alaƙa da su.An kafa EBA inda rarraba biyu ko fiye irin waɗannan nau'ikan kewayon kewayon suka zo juna   Amfani da wannan jagorar, an gano 218 EBAs lokacin da Birdlife International ta kafa aikinta na Diversity a 1987.   AEBA ta biyu ta ƙunshi kewayon nau'in nau'i-nau'i guda ɗaya kawai, ko yanki wanda shine kawai kewayon kiwo na nau'in ƙuntataccen kewayon.

EBAs sun ƙunshi kusan kashi 93% na ƙayyadaddun nau'in tsuntsaye na duniya, tare da tallafawa yawancin nau'ikan da suka yaɗu. Rabin nau'in kewayon suna fuskantar barazana, yayin da sauran rabin ke fuskantar haɗari musamman ga asara ko lalatar wuraren zama saboda ƙanƙantar girman jeri. Yawancin EBAs kuma suna da mahimmanci don kiyaye sauran dabbobi da na tsirrai. Ko da yake suna rufe ƙasa da kashi 5% na sararin duniya, wadatarsu ta ilimin halitta ta sa su zama manyan abubuwan da suka fi ba da fifiko ga kiyaye muhalli. Mazauni na dabi'a na yawancin EBAs shine gandun daji, musamman gandun daji na wurare masu zafi da gandun daji mai tsayi, wanda yawanci ya ƙunshi tsibirai ko tsaunuka, kuma ya bambanta da girman daga 'yan kilomita murabba'i zuwa fiye da 100,000 km2. Wasu kashi 77% na EBAs suna kwance a wurare masu zafi da wurare masu zafi."Endemic Bird Areas". BirdLife International. 

## Ƙuntataccen nau'in tsuntsaye
Ƙuntataccen nau'in tsuntsaye shine kalma da BirdLife International ta ƙirƙira tare da gano Yankunan Tsuntsaye. An bayyana shi a matsayin tsuntsun ƙasa (wato ba tsuntsun teku ba) wanda aka ƙiyasta cewa yana da nisan kiwo da bai wuce kilomita 50,000 ba tun daga 1800. Ya haɗa da tsuntsayen da suka bace waɗanda suka cancanci bisa ma'auni. Ba ya haɗa da tsuntsaye waɗanda, ko da yake sun cika ma'auni a yau, sun kasance a tarihi (tun 1800) sun fi yaduwa.[4]

## Dubi kuma

* Muhimmin Yankin Tsuntsaye * Jerin tsuntsaye masu yawa * Jerin yankunan tsuntsayen da ke da yawa a duniya * Jerin yankunan tsuntsu na biyu na duniya

## Manazarta
Cibiyar VIFF

**Cibiyar VIFF** (wadda a da **Vancouver International Film Centre** da **Vancity Theatre** ) wani gidan wasan kwaikwayo ne a Vancouver, British Columbia, Kanada, wanda ke ɗauke da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Vancity Theatre mai kujeru 175 da kuma gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Studio mai kujeru 41, da kuma ofisoshin bikin fina-finai na duniya na Vancouver .  Gidan wasan kwaikwayo yana a 1181 Seymour Street a tsakiyar birnin Vancouver, yana iya ɗaukar tarurrukan bita, wasan kwaikwayo kai tsaye, fina-finai, bidiyo, da gabatarwa ta multimedia.

Ginin, wanda Hewitt da Kwasnicky Architects suka tsara, an buɗe shi a watan Satumba na 2005, daidai lokacin bikin fina-finai na duniya na Vancouver na 2005.  A watan Disamba na wannan shekarar, gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Vancity ya ƙaddamar da shirye-shiryen sinima na tsawon shekara guda.  Gidan wasan kwaikwayo yana da ɗaukar nauyin ƙungiyar bashi ta Vancity kuma an sanya masa suna, kodayake kafin ƙaddamar da ginin, gidan wasan kwaikwayon ya makale a cikin takaddama wanda wataƙila ya yi barazana ga tallafin, ko ma ya tilasta wa VIFF ta mayar da kuɗin gudummawar Vancity ga aikin gaba ɗaya, saboda an ɗauke shi a matsayin yana cikin saɓani da manufar haƙƙin suna na hukuma ta birnin a lokacin. 

Gyaran da aka yi tsakanin 2019 da 2020, waɗanda aka kammala a lokacin bikin fina-finai na duniya na Vancouver na 2020, ya ƙara allon gida mai tsawon ƙafa 17, gidan wasan kwaikwayo mai kujeru 41, Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Lochmaddy Studio,  don ƙananan gabatarwa, sabon ɗakin gwaje-gwaje na kafofin watsa labarai don gabatar da sabbin ayyukan kafofin watsa labarai da ayyukan gaskiya na kama-da-wane, ɗakin karatu da bangon bidiyo a cikin babban ɗakin taro na hadaddun. 

Taron baje kolin zane-zane na shekara-shekara, wanda shirin zane-zanen wasannin makarantar fina-finai ta Vancouver ke daukar nauyi, yana gudana ne a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Vancity.

## Duba kuma

* Akwatin Haske na TIFF

## Manazarta
Fa'ida Onoh

Favour Ogechukwu Onoh Listenⓘ (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 2005) ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando ne Na Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin cibiyar a kungiyar Oklahoma State Cowgirls a cikin Ƙungiyar Kwalejin Kwalejin Kasa .

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Favour Ogechukwu Onoh a ranar 22 ga Nuwamba, 2005 a Jihar Enugu, Najeriya.  Ta fara buga wasan kwando a makarantar sakandare. Ita ce samfurin Discover I'm Alive Basketball Academy of Nigeria .

## Ayyuka

### Kwalejin

#### UP Yaki da Maroons
Onoh ta buga wa tawagar mata ta UP Fighting Maroons wasa a Gasar kwallon kwando ta Jami'ar Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP) a shekarar 2024. Ta taimaka wa makarantar ta kai ga Final Four a karo na farko tun 2008 kuma an kira ta Rookie of the Year don Season 86. 

Koyaya ba ta iya yin wasa a Season 87 ba saboda rauni.

#### OSU Cowgirls
Onoh ta bar Philippines bayan an dauke ta don buga wa Oklahoma State Cowgirls a cikin Ƙungiyar Kwalejin Kwalejin Amurka.

### Ƙungiyar ƙasa
Ana la'akari da Onoh don zama ɗan ƙasa a matsayin Dan ƙasar Philippines wanda zai iya ba ta damar buga wa tawagar ƙasar Philippines wasa.

## Manazarta
Tsibirin East Sister (Ontario)

**Tsibirin East Sister** tsibiri ne mai fadin hekta 15 a Ontario, Kanada, wanda ke cikin Tafkin Erie . Ba shi da yawan mutane na dogon lokaci kuma ana kula da shi a matsayin wurin ajiyar yanayi na lardin. 

Tsibirin wani ɓangare ne na Tsibirin Pelee wanda ya haɗa da Tsibirin West Sister (a Ohio, Amurka) da Tsibirin Middle Sister .

## Flora da fauna
Tsibirin ya zama gidan dajin da ke da nau'ikan tsuntsayen cormorants masu siffar ƙwallo biyu .  Ragowarsu ta yi barazana ga dajin, wani yanki na dajin Carolinian a kudancin Ontario.  Dazuzzukan tsibirin suna da rinjayen itacen hackberry da itacen kofi na Kentucky .  Nau'ikan da ba a saba gani ba a tsibirin sun haɗa da hyacinth na daji  da macijin ruwa na tafkin Erie, Nerodia sipedon insularum . 

## Manazarta
Billy Dowling

**William Edward Dowling** (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2004) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Australiya wanda kungiyar ƙwallon ƙwallonallon ƙafa ta Adelaide ta zaba a matsayin lambar 43 a cikin shirin AFL na shekara ta 2022. Ya taba buga wa Arewacin Adelaide wasa a SANFL a matakin mai son.

## Ayyukan AFL
Adelaide ta karɓi Dowling a karɓar lamba 43 a cikin shirin ƙasa na 2022 daga Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Arewacin Adelaide.

Dowling ya haskaka a cikin SANFL don Adelaide, amma ya yi ƙoƙari ya ci gaba zuwa cikin manyan bangarorin saboda ƙungiyar tsakiya mai ƙarfi na Jordan Dawson, Rory Laird, da Matt Crouch. A watan Yulin 2023, Dowling ya kara da kwangilarsa ta hanyar sanya hannu har zuwa karshen shekara ta 2026.

Bayan kyakkyawan sakamako, da kuma raunin da ya samu a hannun ɗan wasan tsakiya Matt Crouch, [undefined] An sanar da fara wasan Dowling da aka daɗe ana jira a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2024, kwana biyu kafin wasan zagaye na 13 na Adelaide da Richmond a Adelaide Oval.[1] Dowling ya fara wasa da kwallaye 17, kwallaye 1, da maki 9, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama na shida mafi girman maki a Crow na dare (a cewar AFL Fantasy) [2] a wani rashin nasara mai ban tausayi ga ƙungiyar. [3] Bayan Dan Curtin, Dowling shine Crow na biyu da ya fara buga wasa a AFL a 2024 .

## Manazarta
William Forster (alƙali)

**Sir William Edward Stanley Forster** (15 Yuni 1921 - 31 Janairu 1997) ya kasance alƙali ne na Australiya. Shi ne Babban Alkalin Kotun Koli ta Yankin Arewa na farko da ke rike da wannan mukamin daga 1979 zuwa 1985. Kafin wannan, shi ne Babban Alkalin farko (kuma kawai) daga 1977 zuwa 1979 da Babban Alkalli daga 1971 zuwa 1977, duk mukamai waɗanda suka kasance daidai.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi William Edward Stanley Forster a Sydney a ranar 15 ga Yuni 1921 kuma, bayan ya koma Adelaide a 1929, ya halarci Kwalejin St Peter, Adelaide . [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]&#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup>

Forster ta kammala karatu tare da digiri na farko na Shari'a daga Jami'ar Adelaide. 

Ya kasance a cikin Royal Australian Air Force daga 1940 zuwa 1946.

== Ayyuka ==
Forster ya kasance malami na doka da tsari da kuma dokar aikata laifuka daga 1957 zuwa 1958 a Jami'ar Adelaide.

Forster ya kasance majistare a Kotun Majistare ta Adelaide daga 1959 zuwa 1961. 

Ya kasance Mataimakin Jagora na Kotun Koli ta Kudancin Australia daga 1961 zuwa 1966, kuma Jagora daga 1966 zuwa 1971.

Ya kasance Mai Rijistar Gundumar Babban Kotun Ostiraliya daga 1966 zuwa 1971 kuma kafin hakan ya kasance Mai Rijilar Gundumar daga 1961 zuwa 1966. [yanawa da ake buƙata] <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;**'&#x5D;

### Alkalin Kotun Koli na Yankin Arewa
An nada Forster a matsayin Babban Alkalin Kotun Koli ta Yankin Arewa a ranar 28 ga Yuni 1971 kuma ya maye gurbin Mai Shari'a Blackburn wanda ya dauki nadin tare da Kotun Kolai na Yankin Babban Birnin Australia.

Bayan Cyclone Tracy ya lalata Darwin a shekara ta 1974, Mai Shari'a Forster ya tabbatar da cewa Kotun Koli ta Yankin Arewa ta cika aiki a watan Maris na shekara ta 1975.

## Sauran matsayi da ayyukan
Forster ya kasance memba na Kwamitin Dattijai a Jami'ar Adelaide daga 1967 zuwa 1971.

Ya kasance memba na Gidauniyar gidan wasan kwaikwayo ta Aboriginal daga 1972 zuwa 1975, kuma shugaban yankin Arewacin kungiyar Red Cross na Australiya daga 1973 zuwa 1985. Ya jagoranci kwamitin Gidan Tarihi da Gidan Tarihin Arewa daga 1974 zuwa 1985.

Ya shugabanci Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Arewa daga 1976 zuwa 1985, kuma ya gudanar da kwamiti a matsayin mukaddashin mai gudanarwa na Yankin Arewa daga 1976 har zuwa 1985. Ya kuma kasance Alkalin Kotun Tarayya ta Ostiraliya daga 1977 zuwa 1989.

## Manazarta
Marcus de Laune Faunce

**Marcus de Laune Faunce** (5 Disamba 1922 - 14 Yuni 2004) ya kasance likita mai ba da shawara na Canberra, shugaban Asibitin Royal Canberra.

## Ayyukan likita na farko
Faunce ta yi karatu a Adelaide" id="mwDg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="St Peter's College, Adelaide">Kwalejin St Peter, Adelaide. Bayan ya sami cancantar likita daga Jami'ar Adelaide a 1946 (ya lashe matsayi na farko a Anatomy da Physiology 1943) ya yi aiki a cikin Sojojin Kiwon Lafiya na Australiya a matsayin wani ɓangare na Sojojin Kasuwancin Burtaniya a Japan bayan yakin, kusa da Hiroshima. Bayan an sallame shi ya tashi zuwa Ingila kuma ya yi karatu a Royal Postgraduate Medical School a Asibitin Hammersmith. Ya zama Babban Mai Rijista a Asibitin Sydney a 1949 kuma ya yi aure a 1951 Marjorie Morison (an haife shi a Nowra 10 Fabrairu 1927), ɗan jarida tare da Sydney Morning Herald, Landan ya mutu a 1995. Daga 1954 har zuwa 1956 Faunce ya sami ƙarin ƙwarewar digiri na biyu a fannin maganin numfashi a Asibitin Brompton da ke London kuma daga baya ya sami Fellowships na Royal College of Physicians na London da Royal Australasian College of Phyticians. A shekara ta 1966 an zabe shi Fellow na Kwalejin Likitocin Zuciya ta Amurka (wanda Sir Harry Wunderly da Dokta Hilary Roche suka tallafa masa). Faunce da matarsa Marjorie sun koma Canberra a shekara ta 1957, inda Faunce ya kafa kansa a matsayin likita mai ba da shawara a cikin aikin sirri kuma a matsayin kwararren mai biyan albashi na ɗan lokaci tare da kamfen ɗin yaki da tarin fuka na Commonwealth.

## Hidima a Asibitin Royal Canberra
A cikin shekaru 35 da ya yi a cikin cikakken lokaci, Faunce ya zama sananne saboda kwarewarsa na bincike, saboda ƙa'idodinsa na ƙwarewa da kuma damuwarsa game da kiwon lafiya, na mutum da na zamantakewa na marasa lafiyarsa.

Mai horar da Bill Burke (yanzu likitan numfashi na Canberra) ya bayyana cewa: "Mai tsananin tashin hankali, soja a cikin tafiyarsa da kuma ɗaukarsa, [Faunce] yana iya juyawa a cikin unguwar yana fitowa zuwa ga kansa mai ƙarfi na Kanal Bogey. Ya kasance mai ilimi duk da haka koyaushe yana neman fadada iliminsa, kuma ziyararsa zuwa gefen gadon mai haƙuri har ma da mafi munin yanayi yana da tasirin warkewa da ba a samuwa a cikin magunguna ba."

An zaɓi Faunce a matsayin likitan girmamawa ga Firayim Ministoci biyar (ciki har da Gough Whitlam da Malcolm Fraser) da Gwamna-Janar shida (ciki da Sir Zelman Cowen, Sir Ninian Stephen, da The Hon. Bill Hayden).[1] Faunce shi ne likitan Firayim Minista Harold Holt a lokacin da ya ɓace a cikin raƙuman ruwa a Portsea; maganin da ya yi a wannan lokacin game da raunin kafada na Holt da kuma ƙin ba da maganin opiates da aka nuna a fim din 2008 Firayim Minista ya ɓace.[2]

## Manazarta
H. E. Fuller

**Henry Ernest Fuller** (13 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1867 - 18 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1962), wanda aka fi sani da H. E. Fuller, masanin gine-ginen Australiya ne, mai zane-zane, kuma mai sukar fasaha a Kudancin Australia.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Henry Ernest Fuller a Adelaide, ɗan Henry Robert Fuller (1825-1905), magajin garin Adelaide 1866-1869 kuma memba na gidajen majalisa biyu.

Ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Hahndorf da Kwalejin Prince Alfred. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Makarantar Design a Adelaide.

## Ayyuka

### Gine-gine
Ya yi magana da masanin gine-gine Isidor George Beaver na tsawon shekaru hudu daga 1884, kuma a lokacin da ya kammala karatunsa ya yi aiki a kamfanin Wright, Reed, & Beaver a matsayin mai zane, sannan tare da masanin zane-zane E. H. Bayer. Ya dauki shekara guda don yin karatu a Adelaide's School of Design.[1]

A shekara ta 1891 an nada shi babban mai tsarawa ga Alfred Wells. A shekara ta 1896 ya fara aiki a kan kansa, yana aiki tare da Hedley Allen Dunn a kan zane don sabon ginin YWCA (ba a karɓa ba) a shekara ta 1899, da kuma Adelaide Stock Exchange, wanda aka gina a shekara ta 1901. Daga 1911 zuwa 1913 ya kasance tare da Alfred Barham Black.

Fuller ya kuma shahara a fagen zane-zane na Adelaide. Ya kasance abokin S. A.SA Society of Arts, mai ba da kuɗi daga 1897 zuwa 1921, kuma sakatare daga 1921 zuwa 1947. Ya kasance mai sukar fasaha ga Adelaide's Advertiser, daga 1931 zuwa 1952, wanda Elizabeth Campbell ta gaje shi, wanda ya rubuta a matsayin Elizabeth Young, sunanta kafin ta auri Robert Campbell, darektan Adelaide'S National Gallery.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Ya kasance dan Anglican ne ta hanyar addini, kuma ya yi aiki a cocin a matsayin sakataren Ikilisiyar Ingila Sunday School Union, memba na majalisa da kuma kwamitin dindindin.

Ya kuma kasance sakataren Kudancin Australia na jarrabawar Kwalejin Trinity a London.

## Manazarta
Ian George

**Ian Gordon Combe George** AO (12 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1934 - 28 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2019) ya kasance bishop na Anglican na Australiya. Ya kasance na uku Archbishop na Adelaide da Metropolitan na Kudancin Australia daga 1991 zuwa 2004.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
George ya yi karatu a Kwalejin St Peter, Adelaide da Jami'ar Adelaide.

## Ayyuka
Bayan aikin da ya yi a baya a matsayin lauya, an naɗa shi firist a shekarar 1964. Ya gudanar da curacies a St Thomas's Mamaroneck da St David's Burnside;  kuma ya kasance firist mai kula a St Barbara's Woomera. Bayan wannan ya kasance malamin addini kuma malami a Tarihi a Jami'ar Western Australia. Ya kasance Dean na Brisbane daga 1973 zuwa 1981 lokacin da ya zama Archdeacon na Canberra . A shekara ta 1989, an nada shi mataimakin bishop na diocese, an tsarkake shi a ranar 28 ga Oktoba;  kuma a 1991 an fassara shi zuwa Adelaide.

George ya naɗa mata biyar zuwa firistoci a ranar 5 ga Disamba 1992 a St Peter's Cathedral a Adelaide.

An fara gane George a matsayin memba na Order of Australia (AM) a cikin girmamawar ranar Australia ta 1989. 

A cikin girmamawar ranar Australia ta 2001, an kara amincewa da George a matsayin Jami'in Order of Australia (AO) "don hidima ga Ikilisiyar Anglican, ecumenism da kuma al'umma ta hanyar shiga cikin batutuwan manufofin zamantakewa da aikin agaji na duniya."Ƙaunarsa ga 'yan gudun hijira alama ce ta aikinsa na zamantakewa, musamman a lokacin da yake Archbishop na Adelaide.

An ba George lambar yabo ta Centenary a ranar 1 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2001 saboda "hidimar da ya yi wa al'ummar Australiya ta hanyar Ikilisiyar Anglican ta Australiya".

Mai goyon bayan zane-zane, musamman zane-zane na gani, George yana son yin alaƙa tsakanin manyan jigogi na Kirista na gafara, fansa da tashin matattu da manyan mashawarta. Yawon shakatawa na Jumma'a mai kyau na Art Gallery na Kudancin Australia shine wata hanyar da ya nuna ƙaunarsa ga zane-zane.[1] Ya kasance marubuci tare da mai zane David Dridan a cikin littafin Artists of the Fleurieu (2008).

A shekara ta 2004, George ya yi murabus daga matsayin babban bishop saboda rashin kula da zarge-zargen cin zarafin jima'i. Wannan makonni 10 ne kawai kafin ya yi ritaya. Daga baya, ya yarda cewa ya kamata ya saurari firist ɗin da ya busa ƙaho a kan abin kunya na cin zarafin jima'i na Brandenburg wanda ya mamaye cocin kuma ya kashe shi aikinsa. A Royal Commission into Child Sexual Abuse a watan Janairun 2015 ya bayyana wannan a matsayin "mummunar kuskure a hukunci". 

George ya koma Melbourne bayan ya yi murabus a matsayin Babban Bishop na Adelaide. Ya kamu da bugun jini a ƙarshen 2018, kuma wani a farkon 2019. Ya mutu a Asibitin Alfred makonni biyu bayan haka, a ranar 28 ga Janairun 2019.  

## Rayuwa ta mutum
George ya auri Barbara George . 

## Manazarta
Henry Frayne (athlete)

**Henry Frayne** (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu 1990) ɗan wasan motsa jiki ne na Australiya wanda ke fafatawa a tsalle sau uku da tsalle mai tsawo. Ya cancanci gasar Olympics ta Tokyo ta 2020 kuma ya kammala a matsayi na 14 a cikin cancanta tare da nisan 7.93m, kuma bai cancanci wasan karshe ba.

Frayne yana horo a karkashin Gary Bourne wanda kuma ke horar da Mitchell Watt, Chris Noffke, Jai Taurima da Bronwyn Thompson.

## Shekaru na farko
An haifi Frayne a Kudancin Australia kuma ya girma amma a cikin 2007, yayin da yake da shekaru 16, ya bi kocinsa, Vasily Grishchenkov, kuma ya koma Melbourne. Ya riga ya kasance mai basira sau uku a farkon shekarunsa.

Frayne ya ɗaga rikodin tsalle-tsalle sau uku na ƙasa sau uku a cikin 2008 da 2009, sannan aka sanya shi na biyar a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 2008. A shekara ta 2010, ya koma Brisbane a karkashin kocin Gary Bourne, kocinsa na yanzu. A shekara ta 2011, an sanya shi na tara a tsalle sau uku a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta IAAF da tsalle na farko na mita 17.

## Nasarorin da aka samu
Frayne ya lashe lambar azurfa a tsalle mai tsawo a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta IAAF ta 2012 a Istanbul, Turkiyya.[1] Mafi kyawun Frayne a tsalle mai tsawo shine 8.34 m (2018) kuma a tsalle sau uku 17.23 m (2012). [1] Ya fafata a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 2011 inda ya kasance na 9 a wasan karshe na tsalle sau uku.[1] Frayne ya taka leda a gasar Olympics ta London ta 2012 a tsalle mai tsawo da tsalle sau uku, kuma ya cancanci gasar Olympics ta Rio ta 2016 a tsalle-tsalle mai tsaunuka, ya kammala na 7 a wasan karshe. Ya tsallake mafi kyawun 8.34 m don ya cancanci wasan karshe a Wasannin Commonwealth na 2018 a Ostiraliya, inda ya gama da lambar azurfa a bayan zakaran duniya Luvo Manyonga.

Shi dan uwan dan wasan Olympics na 1984 Bruce Frayne ne. 

Frayne ya kammala digiri na farko a fannin kasuwanci a Jami'ar Deakin.

## Manazarta
Walter Griffiths

**Walter Griffiths** (4 ga Yulin 1867 - 4 ga Satumba 1900) ɗan siyasa ne a Yankin Arewa Ostiraliya. Ya kasance memba na Majalisar Dokokin Kudancin Australia daga 1893 zuwa 1900, yana wakiltar masu jefa kuri'a na Yankin Arewa.

## Tarihi
An haife shi a Kent Town, Kudancin Ostiraliya, ɗan Frederick Griffiths, mai cinikin ƙarfe mai arziki, da matarsa Helen, mai suna Giles, Griffiths ya halarci Kwalejin St Aloysius da Adelaide" id="mwFw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="St Peter's College, Adelaide">Kwalejin Saint Peter a Adelaide. 

Lokacin da yake da shekaru goma sha biyar Griffiths ya koma Yam Creek a Yankin Arewa don yin aiki ga kawunsa William Griffiths, mai mallakar ma'adinai,  kafin ya zama abokin kasuwanci na Vaiben Louis Solomon a cikin kasuwancin ma'adanai a yankin Arewa da wuraren zinare na Yammacin Australiya, [2] ya mallaki Arewacin Yankin Times kuma ya zama fitaccen memba na Kamfanin Ma'adinai na Kalgoorlie.

Bayan rasuwar kawunsa a shekara ta 1892, Griffiths ya karɓi kasuwancin, yana riƙe da alakarsa da Solomon, wanda a cikin 1890, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mambobi biyu na gundumar Zabe ta Arewacin Yankin a Majalisar Dokokin Kudancin Australia. A Zaben Kudancin Australia na 1893 an zabi Griffiths, tare da Solomon, zuwa kujerar yankin Arewa. Yana da shekaru 25, Griffiths shine mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin House.

A matsayinsa na memba na Yankin Arewa, Griffiths ya yi tafiya mai nisa, gami da hawa doki tsakanin Maree (inda layin jirgin ƙasa daga Adelaide ya ƙare) zuwa Palmerston, da kuma ziyartar wasu yankuna masu nisa na masu jefa kuri'a ta hanyar raƙumi da doki.

Griffiths ta yi tsayayya da Shige da fice na Asiya, ta yi imanin cewa za a cire ayyukan daga mazauna yankin, da kuma 'yancin mata, suna jayayya cewa ba za a iya cire mata "daga matsayin da aka sanya ta cikin fagen siyasa ba".[4][5] Griffiths ta yi tsayayya da ikon mata a Kudancin Australia da Yankin Arewa. Yayinda dokar zaɓen ta yi nasara, an sake zabar Griffiths a cikin kwanciyar hankali a Zaben da ya biyo baya.

Da yake yana da hannu sosai a cikin batun Tarayya, Griffiths ya yi kamfen sosai a duk faɗin zinare na Yammacin Ostiraliya don shiga Commonwealth na Ostiraliya. Bayan kin amincewar Gwamnatin Yammacin Ostiraliya don gudanar da raba gardama kan Tarayya, a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1899 Griffiths ya taimaka wajen kafa Eastern Goldfields Reform League.[1] Kungiyar ta tattara sa hannu don gabatar da takarda ga Sarauniya Victoria tana neman kirkirar sabuwar jihar Australiya da ake kira Auralia, wacce za ta shiga tarayyar.[1] Griffiths ya yi tafiya zuwa Landan a farkon 1900 don gabatar da korafin kuma ya sa gwamnatin Burtaniya ta yarda da kirkirar Auralia ko tilasta Yammacin Australia ta shiga tarayya.[1]

## Manazarta
Greenprinting

**Greenprinting** yana da alaƙa da kiyaye ƙasa. Greenprinting shine ƙirƙirar yanayin kiyayewa wanda ke taimaka wa al'ummomi yin yanke shawara na kiyayewa.

Greenprinting na iya haɓaka goyon bayan jama'a da ƙarfafa abokan hulɗa don yin aiki zuwa ga burin kiyayewa. Greenprinting galibi ya ƙunshi amfani da taswirori na zamani da ƙira waɗanda aka ƙirƙira tare da software na Tsarin Bayanai na Geographic (GIS) waɗanda ke haɗa matakan sararin samaniya da bayanan alƙaluma don jagorantar ƙoƙarin sarrafa haɓaka.

## Hanyoyin hadin waje

* The Trust for Public Land

## Manazarta
Martin Allerdale Grainger

**Martin Allerdale Grainger** (17 ga Nuwamba 1874 - 15 ga Oktoba 1941) ɗan jaridar Kanada ne, mai kula da gandun daji kuma marubuci. A cikin wallafe-wallafen wallafe-walfe, an fi saninsa da littafinsa na 1908 Woodsmen of the West, wani aiki na ainihi game da masana'antar katako. Ya kasance mutum ne mai tasiri a ci gaban gandun daji a British Columbia, a matsayin marubucin farko na rahoton da ya haifar da Dokar gandun daji ta 1912, kuma a matsayin babban mai kula da gandun daji, matsayin da ya rike daga 1917 har zuwa 1920.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Grainger a Landan, Ingila, ɗa kaɗai ne na  (Henry) Allerdale Grainger (7 ga Agusta 1848 - 17 ga Disamba 1923) da matarsa Isabella, née King, wanda ya yi aure a Notting Hill a ranar 20 ga Oktoba 1872. A shekara ta 1876 sun yi hijira zuwa Adelaide, Kudancin Australia, inda Allerdale zai sami jarida kuma ya zama memba na Majalisar. Allerdale da Isabella sun rabu a 1886  kuma ita da Martin sun koma Ingila.

Yayinda yake yaro a Adelaide ya yi karatu a Kwalejin St Peter kuma bayan ya koma Ingila ya halarci Makarantar Blundell a Tiverton da Kwalejin King a Jami'ar Cambridge, inda ya yi fice a lissafi. Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Cambridge a shekara ta 1896, ya tafi Klondike kuma daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin soja tare da Roberts's Horse a cikin Boer War a 1899 - 1902. Daga nan sai Grainger ya yi tafiya zuwa arewacin British Columbia inda ya yi aiki a hakar ma'adinai, katako da aikin jarida. A cikin 1908, yayin da yake Ingila, ya rubuta Woodsmen of the West, wani labari wanda ya dogara da abubuwan da ya samu a matsayin mai katako. A shekara ta 1909, ya koma British Columbia kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin sakatare ga Royal Commission on Forestry. A wannan matsayin, ya rubuta mafi yawan rahoton da Dokar Kula da dazuzzuka (1912), wanda ya haifar da kafa Hukumar Kula da dazubbuka ta British Columbia. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Babban Forester kuma, daga 1917 zuwa 1920, a matsayin Babban Foreser na British Columbia. Daga 1920, ya gudanar da kamfani na katako.

Ya mutu a Vancouver a shekara ta 1941.

## ''Mazauna daji na Yamma''
Littafin Grainger kawai, Woodsmen of the West (1908), an rubuta shi ne don dalilai masu amfani. Shi da sabuwar matarsa, Mabel Higgs na Victoria, British Columbia, suna so su koma Kanada don rayuwa. Grainger ya yi fatan cewa littafin zai tallafa wa dawowarsu. Ya yi nasara. Labari ne na gaskiya kuma na asali game da rayuwar masu katako a Yammacin Kanada a farkon karni. A rubuce-rubuce, Grainger ya yi amfani da kwarewarsa a cikin gandun daji na bakin teku.

Sauran littafinsa shine Riding the Skyline, tarin rubuce-rubuce bayan mutuwarsa.

## Sanarwa

* Hotonsa, a cikin mai na Sir John Longstaff, yana hannun Art Gallery na Kudancin Australia.

## Bayanan littattafai

* ''Mazauna daji na Yamma'' (1908) 
* *Gudun Jirgin Sama* (1994) 

## Manazarta
Sam Stranks

**Samuel David Stranks** Farfesa ne na Optoelectronics a Sashen Injiniyan Chemical da Biotechnology a Jami'ar Cambridge kuma Fellow na Kwalejin Clare, Cambridge.

Shi ne co-kafa Swift Solar, farawa da ke zaune a San Carlos wanda ke haɓaka ƙwayoyin hasken rana masu ƙarfi. Har ila yau, shi ne wanda ya kafa Ci gaba da Ilimi, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke haɓaka kayan ilimi ga yara masu zuwa makaranta game da hanyoyin sauyin yanayi.

## Ilimi
Stranks ya kammala karatunsa na farko a fannin kimiyyar lissafi, kimiyyar kimiyyar halitta da ilmin sunadarai, lissafi da nazarin Jamusanci a Jami'ar Adelaide a 2007.

Ya gudanar da digirinsa na DPhil a fannin kimiyyar lissafi a Kwalejin St John a Jami'ar Oxford a karkashin kulawar Robin Nicholas da Michael Johnston . Takardar jarabawarsa ta digiri ta kasance mai taken "Binciken carbon nanotube-polymer blends for organic solar cell applications".

## Ayyuka da bincike
Stranks ya gudanar da shekaru biyu na bincike na postdoctoral tare da Henry Snaith a matsayin Junior Research Fellow a Kwalejin Worcester, Oxford. Daga nan sai ya ci gaba da shekaru biyu na binciken optoelectronics tare da Vladimir Bulovic a matsayin Marie Curie Fellow a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts.

Wannan binciken ya mayar da hankali kan nuna tsawon jigilar kaya a cikin halide perovskites,  yana ba da damar gine-ginen na'urar hasken rana na heterojunction, da haɓaka samfuran sake haɗuwa. Ya yi amfani da hanyoyin microscopy na multimodal don nazarin kayan nanoscale na gida, aiki,  tsari  da rashin daidaituwa  a cikin kayan perovskite.

A cikin 2017 ya kafa Optoelectronic Materials and Device Spectroscopy Group  Strankslab a Jami'ar Cambridge don bincika "dandalin gani da na'urorin lantarki masu tasowa don ƙananan farashi, aikace-aikacen lantarki masu canzawa ciki har da girbi-haske (misali photovoltaic) da hasken-emission (misali LED) 

## Kyaututtuka da girmamawa
A cikin 2018, Stranks ya sami lambar yabo da lambar yabo ta Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Henry Moseley. A cikin 2019, an ba Stranks lambar yabo ta Royal Society of Chemistry Marlow.

A cikin 2021, Stranks ya sami lambar yabo ta Cibiyar Injiniyoyin Lantarki da Injiniyoyin lantarki Stuart R. Wenham Young Professional.  An kuma ba shi lambar yabo ta Phillip Leverhulme a fannin kimiyyar lissafi  kuma ya sami lambar yabo ta Royal Society of Chemistry Energy and Environmental Science Lectureship na 2021 don "taimako ga fagen halide perovskite optoelectronics, gami da fahimtar sake haɗuwa da mai ɗaukar kaya, alaƙar tsarin aiki mai rikitarwa da aikin na'urar". 

A shekara ta 2022, an ba shi lambar yabo ta Stanisław Lem ta Binciken Turai.

## Manazarta
Conservation welfare

**Jindadin kiyayewa** wani horo ne da aka tsara wanda zai mayar da hankali kan kafa alakar da ke tsakanin kiyayewa da jin dadin dabbobi da kafa tushe wanda bangarorin biyu za su iya hada kai, a kai don cimma manufofinsu.Zai dogara ne akan ka'idodin amfani da Peter Singer kuma haka ma don kiyaye jinƙai, mayar da hankalinsa zai bambanta daga ka'idodin muhalli ta yadda ya mai da hankali kan jin daɗin kowane ɗayan dabbobi, maimakon jinsuna, yanayin muhalli ko yawan jama'a.An yi iƙirarin cewa jin daɗin kiyayewa zai bambanta da kiyayewa mai tausayi saboda fannonin biyu suna da ra'ayi daban-daban game da illolin da dabbobin daji ke fuskanta da kuma cewa yayin da jin daɗin kiyayewa zai nemi yin hulɗa tare da masana kimiyyar kiyayewa da haɗa jin daɗin dabbobi a cikin ayyukan kiyayewa na yanzu, kiyaye jinƙai na iya rasa ikon "jagoranci yanayin yanke shawara a cikin hadaddun."

## Dubi kuma

## Manazarta
Asusun Amazon

**Asusun Amazon** (a cikin harshen Portuguese : *Fundo Amazônia* ) wani shiri ne da Gwamnatin Brazil ta ƙirƙira kuma Bankin Ƙasa don Ci Gaban Tattalin Arziki da Zamantakewa (BNDES) ke kula da shi. An kafa shi a ranar 1 ga Agusta 2008, da nufin jawo hankalin gudummawa don saka hannun jari marasa biyan kuɗi a cikin ayyuka don rigakafi, sa ido, da yaƙi da sare dazuzzuka, da kuma haɓaka kiyayewa da amfani da dazuzzukan Amazon mai ɗorewa .  Bugu da ƙari, asusun yana tallafawa haɓaka tsarin sa ido da kula da sare dazuzzuka a sauran Brazil da sauran ƙasashe masu zafi.     

Ana amfani da asusun a fannoni daban-daban, ciki har da kula da dazuzzukan jama'a da wuraren kariya, kulawa, sa ido da aiwatar da muhalli, kula da dazuzzuka masu dorewa, ayyukan tattalin arziki da aka samar daga amfani da dazuzzuka mai dorewa, tsarin yanki na muhalli da tattalin arziki, tsara filaye da tsara su, kiyayewa da amfani da bambancin halittu mai dorewa, da kuma dawo da yankunan da aka sare dazuzzuka. Ayyukan da asusun ke tallafawa dole ne su dace da manufofin jama'a da jagororin da ka'idoji, ban da nuna gudummawarsu kai tsaye ko a kaikaice ga rage sare dazuzzuka da lalata dazuzzuka. Ayyukan da aka annabta a cikin ayyukan dole ne su kasance daidai da manufar da aka tsara, tare da kasafin kuɗi da kuma jadawalin aiwatar da su.  Cancanta don samun damar Asusun Amazon ana tantance shi ne bisa bin ka'idoji da ka'idoji da dama, gami da PPCDam (Tsarin Aiki don Rigakafi da Kula da Sare Dazuzzuka a Yankin Amazon na Shari'a ), ENREDD+ (Dabara ta Kasa don REDD+ ), tsare-tsaren jihohi don hana da kuma yakar sare dazuzzuka, da Manufofin Aiki na BNDES. Ayyukan da suka cancanci samun kuɗi ya kamata su ba da gudummawa kai tsaye ko a kaikaice wajen rage sare dazuzzuka a Amazon. Nau'o'in ƙungiyoyi daban-daban za su iya gabatar da ayyuka don neman kuɗi, gami da hukumomin gwamnati, ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, ƙungiyoyin haɗin gwiwa, da cibiyoyin bincike. 

Har zuwa shekarar 2018, asusun ya sami R$ 3.4&nbsp;gudummawar biliyan, inda mafi yawansu suka fito daga Norway, sai kuma Jamus da Petrobras .   Tun daga shekarar 2023, ƙasashe da dama sun sanar da bayar da gudummawa ga asusun ko kuma sha'awar bayar da gudummawa, ciki har da Jamus, Norway, Amurka, Burtaniya, Switzerland, Denmark, Faransa, Spain, Japan da sauransu.       

## Manazarta
Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Alp Arslan

Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Alp Arslan na Turkmenistan ( Turkmen  **Turkmenistanyň Alp Arslan**  milli drama teatry  ), wanda aka sani da **Alp Arslan National Youth Theater na Turkmenistan** ( Turkmen   ) har zuwa 2015,   yana kan titin Archabil na Ashgabat .  

## Tarihi
A da, gidan wasan kwaikwayo yana cikin tsohon ginin sinima.

A shekara ta 2006, gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya koma wani sabon bene mai hawa huɗu, , gini a kudancin Ashgabat . Kamfanin GAP Insaat na Turkiyya ne ya gina shi kuma aka buɗe shi a ranar 21 ga Oktoba 2006. Kudin ginin ya kai dala miliyan 17. 

## Bayani
Bangon gidan wasan kwaikwayo an yi masa ado da marmara na Italiya, an yi wa fuskar bangon ado da ginshiƙai masu tsayi da tagogi masu fenti. Ginin yana da lif guda huɗu. Gidan wasan kwaikwayo yana da dakunan wasa guda biyu masu zagaye tare da kujeru 800 da 200. Faɗin babban dandamali ya fi murabba'in mita 400. A kan filin wasan kwaikwayo da ke gaban gidan wasan kwaikwayo akwai wani abin tunawa ga sarkin Turkmen Alp Arslan .  

## Manazarta
BBC Japan

**BBC Japan** tasha ce ta talabijin mai zaman kanta wacce BBC Worldwide da kuma reshen SKY PerfecTV! na Japan Mediarc suka mallaka, wacce aka samar ta hanyar tauraron dan adam a Japan . Manufar tashar ita ce ta nuna shirye-shiryen BBC ga kasuwar Japan, amma ta fuskanci matsalolin kudi daga abokin cinikinta wanda ya kai ga rufe tashar shekara guda bayan haka.

## Tarihi
BBC ta sanar da tashar a ranar 8 ga Oktoba, 2004 don ƙaddamar da ita a ranar 1 ga Disamba.  Tashar ta ƙaddamar kamar yadda aka tsara a wannan ranar, an watsa ta a tashar tauraron dan adam ta Sky PerfecTV! 110.  Tashar ta ƙaddamar da adadi mai kyau, tare da rahotanni a BBC suna ambaton cewa masu sauraro galibi 'yan Japan ne.  A ranar 14 ga Yuni, 2005, an ƙara tashar zuwa sabis ɗin IPTV na Kamfanin Talabijin na Online. 

A ranar 20 ga Maris 2006, BBC Worldwide ta sanar da cewa tashar za ta dakatar da aiki a watan Afrilu, tana mai cewa matsalolin kuɗi a Japan Mediarc na nufin ba za su iya cika alƙawarin kwangila na rarraba hanyar sadarwar ba.  A ranar 24 ga Afrilu 2006, an sanar da ranar rufewa ta 30 ga Afrilu, kuma tashar ta rufe kamar yadda aka tsara a wannan ranar. 

## Shirye-shirye
Kasancewar BBC Japan ta kasance abokiyar hulɗar BBC Prime ta Japan, BBC Japan ta watsa shirye-shiryen da aka saba samu daga BBC Worldwide ko kuma manyan rumbun adana bayanai na BBC, da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi wasu kamfanoni kamar Granada Media . Ganin cewa BBC Japan cibiyar sadarwa ce ta kasuwanci; an gyara shirye-shiryen don dacewa da lokacin, ma'ana za a rage lokacin da ake yi na sa'a guda zuwa mintuna 42 a tashar.

Duk da cewa an yi wa wasu shirye-shiryen lakabi ko kuma an yi musu murya, yawancin abubuwan da ke cikin tashar an watsa su ne da Turanci tare da fassarar Jafananci .

* *azarta Absolutely Fabulous*
* *Angelmouse*
* *Bargain Hunt*
* *Binka*
* *Blackadder*
* *The Catherine Tate Show*
* *Casualty*
* *Changing Rooms*
* *Doctors*
* *Fawlty Towers*
* *Friends Like These*
* *Ground Force*
* *Holby City*
* *Keeping Up Appearances*
* *Miss Marple*
* *My Family*
* *Only Fools and Horses*
* *Parkinson*
* *Ready Steady Cook*
* *Red Dwarf*
* *Shooting Stars*
* *Sounds of the 60s*
* *Sounds of the 70s*
* *Top Gear*
* *Top of the Pops*
* *Tweenies*
* *The Vicar of Dibley*
* *The Weakest Link*

## Manazarta