open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Wasannin gargajiya na Cuba

Cuba tana da wasannin gargajiya da dama. 

## Wasannin gargajiya

### Bolas
Bolas ya ƙunshi mahalarta su yi harbin marmara domin su kusanci juna gwargwadon iyawa. 

### Domino na Cuba
Dominoes na ƙasar Cuba wasa ne da ƙungiyoyi biyu na 'yan wasa biyu ke yi, inda manufarsu ita ce su kai wani matsayi ta amfani da dominoes ɗinsu da sauri.

### El quemado
Wasan yayi kama da wasan dodgeball .  

### Wasannin motsa jiki
Wannan wasan wani nau'in ƙwallon ƙafa ne na titi wanda ƙungiyoyi biyu masu 'yan wasa uku ke bugawa. 

## Wasannin jemage-da-ball

### Cuatro esquinas

Cuatro esquinas (transl. four corners) is a variation of baseball in which the only equipment used is a rubber ball. Players hit the ball using their hands and then attempt to run around the four corners of a square to score, with gameplay being similar to baseball. Baseball5 is an internationally played sport invented by the World Baseball Softball Confederation which is partially based on this game.

### Taco na Juego
El juego del taco (wasan fassara wanda ya ƙunshi jemage) wasa ne mai kama da wasan baseball da wasan kurket na titi . 

## Manazarta
Nancy Gathungu

**Nancy Gathungu** ita ce Odita Janar ta ƙasar Kenya, wacce ta riƙe muƙamin a watan Yunin 2020.   Ta maye gurbin Edward Ouko wanda ya yi ritaya a watan Agustan 2019.  Ta taɓa neman zama Odita Janar a ƙarƙashin kundin tsarin mulkin shekarar 2010.  Nancy Gathungu ta yi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta 'Yan Mata ta Moi, Nairobi]].

## Aiki
Gathungu ma'aikaciyar gwamnati ce, ta shiga ofishin Auditor Janar a shekarar 1993 kuma an inganta ta zuwa muƙamin Darakta Quality Assurance, Ofishin Auditor General.  A lokacin naɗin, ta kasance 'yar takarar PhD ta Strategic Management a Jami'ar Aikin Gona da Fasaha ta Jomo Kenyatta.  Digiri na baya sun haɗa da MBA a cikin Gudanar da Dabarun da digiri na farko na kasuwanci (Zaɓin Lissafi). 

A lokacin da ya hau mulki a shekarar 2020, Gathungu tana da darajar Ksh30.89 miliyan.

## Manyan binciken kuɗi
A watan Maris na 2021, Nancy Gathungu ta kula da wani rahoto da ke nuna cewa rabin kasafin kuɗin KSh biliyan 18.5 na ƙidayar jama'a da gidaje na Kenya ba za a iya lissafa shi ba. 

## Manazarta
Guanniu

**Guanniu** ( simplified Chinese      ),  wanda kuma aka sani da yaƙin shanu na ƙasar Sin  ko faɗan shanu na irin na ƙasar Sin,  wani nau'i ne na gasar kokawa da shanu da ake gudanarwa a Jiaxing, lardin Zhejiang, ƙasar Sin . Ana kuma kiranta da yaƙin shanu na Hui ( ).  domin ya samo asali ne daga mutanen Hui .  Kalmar *guan* tana nufin jifa, faɗuwa, ko jifa,  kuma *niu* tana nufin shanu, don haka *guanniu* tana fassara a zahiri a matsayin 'kokawa da bijimi'. 

Guanniu ya fara ne a Daular Yuan kuma ya samo asali ne a Jiaxing, Zhejiang, tsakanin mutanen Hui. Mutanen yankin za su gwada ƙarfi su a kan bijimai masu nauyin kilo 400 kg (880 lb) (880 . Masu fafatawa dole ne su tilasta bijimi a ƙasa da hannayensu a cikin minti uku.[2] Ba kamar salon Yakin bijimai na Mutanen Espanya ba, wanda ya ƙare da kashe bijimi, guanniu a al'ada ya ƙare lokacin da aka jefa bijimi.

A ranar 23 ga Mayu, 2011, Jiaxing Guanniui ( ) an saka shi a cikin Jerin Gado na Al'adu Masu Ganuwa na Ƙasa na China. 

## Tarihi
A bisa al'adar Hui, tun da daɗewa a wani matsugunin Hui mai iyalai kusan dubu, suna yanka ɗaruruwan shanu kowace shekara a lokacin Idin Al-Adha .  Duk lokacin da aka yanka shanun, ana kiwon su tare, yara ƙanana huɗu ko biyar kuma ƙanana masu ƙarfi suna aiki tare da igiya da sanduna don ɗaure shanun. Wani lokaci, lokacin da aka ɗaure babban bijimi, wani saurayi ya ji rauni sakamakon bijimin kuma ya mutu jim kaɗan bayan haka, wanda ya haifar da baƙin ciki a ƙauyen.  A shekara mai zuwa, lokacin da aka yi bikin Idin Al-Adha, wani saurayi ya kayar da bijimin ba tare da taimakon wasu ba. Mutanen ƙauyen sun cika da yabo game da wannan kuma sun yaɗa labarinsa sosai.  A ƙarƙashin rinjayarsa, kowace shekara a Idin Al-Adha, samari da yawa suna zuwa don jefa bijimin ɗaya bayan ɗaya. Suna fara taron guanniu na shekara-shekara da mutanen Hui ke yi a Idin Al-Adha. 

A cewar bayanan tarihi na Jiaxing,  guanniu ya samo asali ne a lokacin daular Song da Yuan .  Asali dai aikin gargajiya ne na mutanen Hui a kasar Sin. 

## Wasanni da gasa
A shekarun 1920 da 1930, masu fasahar yaƙi sun yi gasa a gasar guanniu don ciyar da iyalansu, yawanci suna yin gasa a wuraren nishaɗi.  A shekarar 1982, ɗan wasan China Han Haihua ( ) ya kawo guanniu ga masu sauraro a gida da waje a karon farko a Wasannin Gargajiya na Ƙasa na Biyu na Ƙananan Kabilu na Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin. 

A watan Yuni na shekarar 2012, gasar gayyata ta kasar Sin ta Guanniu ta farko () an gudanar da shi ne a gundumar Nanhu da ke birnin Jiaxing . 

## Duba kuma

* Savika - Betsileo al'adar kokawa
* Bull wrestling § Gabas da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya, bijimi da bijimi

## Manazarta
Florence Bore

**Florence Chepngetich Koskey Bore** 'yar siyasa ce ta ƙasar Kenya daga jam'iyyar United Democratic Alliance (Kenya) wacce ta kasance tsohuwar Ministar Kwadago da Kare Jama'a tun daga shekarar 2022.  An kore ta daga muƙamin ta na Majalisar Ministocin a ranar 11 ga watan Yuli, 2024, lokacin da Shugaba Ruto ya kori dukkan ministocin majalisar ministocin ƙasar.  A baya ta yi aiki a matsayin Sakataren Majalisar Ministocin.  An zaɓe ta a matsayin wakiliyar mace ta Gundumar Kericho a babban zaɓen Kenya na shekarar 2017. 

## Manazarta
Deborah Mlongo Barasa

**Deborah Mlongo Barasa**, wacce kuma **Debra Mulongo Barasa ce** (**wacce aka fi sani da Mlongo**), ƙwararriyar masaniyar cututtukan da ke yaɗuwa a ƙasar Kenya ce, kuma ƙwararriya a fannin cututtuka masu yaɗuwa kuma 'yar siyasa. Ta kasance sakatariyar majalisar ministocin lafiya a majalisar ministocin Kenya, daga watan Agusta na shekarar 2024 zuwa ranar 1 ga watan Afrilu na 2025. Kafin haka, ta kasance mai ba da shawara kan cututtuka masu yaɗuwa a Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, wacce ke Nairobi, Kenya. 

## Tarihi da ilimi
Ita 'yar ƙasar Kenya ce. Ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 2006, daga Jami'ar Nairobi (UoN), tare da digirin farko a fannin likitanci da digirin farko na tiyata. Daga baya, ta sami digirin farko na likitanci a fannin likitancin ciki, shi ma daga UoN. Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2024, tana karatun digirin farko na kimiyya a fannin cututtuka masu yaɗuwa, daga Makarantar Tsabtace Muhalli da Magungunan Yankuna na Tsakiyar Duniya ta London. 

## Aiki

### Kafin siyasa
A cibiyar WHO da ke Nairobi, Kenya, ta kafa shirye-shiryen cututtuka masu yaɗuwa a Gabashin da Kudancin Afirka kuma "ta tallafa wa ƙasashe membobinta wajen tsara da aiwatar da tsare-tsaren ayyuka na ƙasa, ban da bayar da jagorar fasaha kan manufofi da jagororin duniya". Ƙwarewarta ta haɗa da maganin cikin gida, cututtuka masu yaɗuwa, rigakafin cututtuka masu yaɗuwa da waɗanda ba sa yaɗuwa.  Na ɗan lokaci ta yi aiki a matsayin likita na cikin gida a *Asibitin The Mater Misericordiae*, a Yankin Masana'antu na Nairobi da kuma matsayin mai ba da shawara kan aikin likitanci a CHANF Community Health Services, wanda ke Kitengela, Gundumar Kajiado. 

; Aikin siyasa

A ranar 19 ga watan Yuli, 2024, mako guda bayan korar dukkan ministocinsa, William Ruto, shugaban ƙasar Kenya, ya naɗa sabbin sakatarorin majalisar ministoci 11. An naɗa Deborah Mlongo Barasa a matsayin sakatariyar majalisar ministocin lafiya. Bayan amincewar kwamitin tantancewa a Majalisar Dokoki, ta maye gurbin tsohuwar Sakatariyar Majalisar Dokokin Lafiya, Susan Nakhumicha Wafula.    An rantsar da Mlongo Barasa a matsayin Sakataren Majalisar Ministoci kan Lafiya a ranar Alhamis, 8 ga watan Agusta, 2024,  muƙamin da ta riƙe har zuwa ranar 1 ga watan Afrilu, 2025.  An maye gurbinta da Aden Duale a ma'aikatar lafiya kuma aka naɗa ta a matsayin Sakataren Majalisar Ministoci kan Muhalli, Sauyin Yanayi da Gandun Daji.   Daga baya a shekarar 2025 ta kasance Sakatariyar Majalisar Ministoci, Ma'aikatar Muhalli, Sauyin Yanayi da Gandun Daji lokacin da ita da Jane Makori suka haɗu da tawagar China. 

## Manazarta
Soipan Tuya

Hon. **Soipan Tuya** ita ce Sakatariyar Majalisar Tsaron ƙasar Kenya, bayan da Shugaban Ƙasa Dr. William Ruto ya rantsar da ita a ranar 8 ga watan Agusta, 2024. Kafin wannan muƙamin, Hon. Tuya ta yi aiki a matsayin Sakatariyar Majalisar Muhalli, Sauyin Yanayi, da Gandun Daji, inda ta bayar da gudummawa mai yawa ga ajandar ayyukan muhalli da yanayi na ƙasar Kenya.

A matsayinta na yanzu a Ma'aikatar Tsaro, Hon. Tuya ce ke da alhakin tsara da aiwatar da manufofin Tsaro. Tana ba da alkiblar dabaru don tabbatar da cewa Ma'aikatar ta aiwatar da aikinta yadda ya kamata. Wannan ya haɗa da tsara, gabatarwa, da kuma bayyana abubuwan da Majalisar Ministoci ta tanada, takardu na zaman majalisa, da sauran batutuwan manufofi da suka fito daga Ma'aikatar. A matsayinta na babbar mai bai wa Shugaban ƙasa shawara kan harkokin tsaro, tana aiki a matsayin babbar hanyar haɗi tsakanin Ma'aikatar da Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa da Majalisar Dattawa, tana ba da rahotanni da amsoshi akai-akai kan batutuwan tsaron ƙasa da tsaro.

## Ilimi

## Aikin siyasa
Tuiya ta yi aiki a matsayin wakiliyar mata na gundumar Narok daga shekarun 2013 zuwa 2022. 

## Iyali
Tuya 'yar tsohon ɗan majalisar dokokin Narok ta Kudu ne, Samson Ole Tuiya. 

## Manazarta
Raychelle Omamo

**Raychelle Awuor Omamo** (an haife ta a watan Yulin 1962) lauya ce kuma masaniya a fannin diflomasiyya 'yar ƙasar Kenya kuma tsohuwar Ministar Majalisar Ministoci. Ita lauya ce a Babbar Kotun Kenya. Daga shekarun 2020 zuwa 2022, ta kasance Ministar Harkokin Waje ta Kenya.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Omamo 'ya ce ga marigayi ministan majalisar ministoci William Odongo Omamo. Ta yi karatun lauya a Jami'ar Kent da ke Canterbury, Birtaniya.

## Farkon aiki
Omamo ta fara aikinta a matsayin lauya a fannin shari'a kuma ita ce mace ta farko da ta zama Shugabar Ƙungiyar Lauyoyi ta Kenya daga shekarun 2001 zuwa 2003 bayan ta zama memba a Majalisar. An ba ta matsayi da gata na Babban Lauya a shekarar 2012. Ta kasance memba a Ƙungiyar Aiki kan Kafa Hukumar Adalci da Sulhu ta Gaskiya ta Kenya. 

Omamo ita ce jakadiyar Kenya ta farko a Faransa wacce aka amince da ita a Spain, Portugal, Holy See da Serbia, sannan kuma wakiliyar ƙasar Kenya ta dindindin a UNESCO.

## Aikin siyasa
Omamo ta yi aiki a matsayin Sakatariyar Majalisar Ministoci na Harkokin Waje.  A da, ta yi aiki a matsayin Sakatariyar Majalisar Ministoci na tsawon shekaru 7 a gwamnatin Uhuru Kenyatta, mace ta farko a ƙasar da ta riƙe wannan muƙami.   Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin Mukaddashin Sakataren Majalisar Ministoci na Ma'aikata da Ayyukan Jin Daɗin Jama'a a shekarar 2014.

A cikin shekarar 2022, an zabi Omamo a matsayin 'yar takarar Kenya don cin nasarar Gilbert Houngbo a matsayin shugabar Asusun Duniya na Ci gaban Aikin Gona (IFAD);   daga ƙarshe ta rasa akan Alvaro Lario.

## Podcast
An ƙaddamar da shirin Omamo na podcast-The Power Panel Podcast  a shekarar 2024 a ƙarƙashin inuwar ƙungiyarta Bird Song Africa Productions Limited.

Kamfanin Bird Song Africa Productions Limited ya sadaukar da kansa ga faɗaɗa muryoyin mata 'yan Afirka masu fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata domin rabawa, ƙarfafa gwiwa da kuma ƙarfafa tsarar shugabannin mata na Afirka masu zuwa.

## Sauran ayyuka

* Taron Tsaro na Munich, Memba na Majalisar Ba da Shawara (tun daga shekarar 2023) 
* Amref Flying Doctors, Memba na Hukumar Gudanarwa* Amref Flying Doctors, Member of the Board of Directors

## Duba kuma

* Faith Odhiambo
* Kalpana Rawal
* Nancy Baraza
* Philomena Mwilu

## Manazarta
Dorcas Oduor

**Dorcas Agik Odhong Oduor** (an haife ta a ranar 12 ga watan Nuwamba 1965) lauya ce 'yar ƙasar Kenya wacce a shekarar 2024 ta zama babbar lauya mace ta farko a ƙasar.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Dorcas Agik Odhong Oduor a ranar 12 ga watan Nuwamba, 1965 a Gundumar Nakuru.  Ta kammala karatun sakandare a Makarantar Sakandare ta 'Yan Mata ta Lwak a shekarar 1983.

Oduor ta kammala karatun digirin lauya a shekarar 1990, sannan ta kammala karatun digiri na biyu a Makarantar Shari'a ta Kenya a shekarar 1991.  An shigar da ita a matsayin lauya a shekarar 1992 a matsayin mai kare babbar kotu.  Tana kuma da digiri na biyu a fannin Gudanar da Rikice-rikice na Duniya daga Jami'ar Nairobi.  

## Aiki
Oduor ta yi aiki a matsayin lauya tsawon shekaru talatin, tana aiki a Ofishin Shari'a na Jiha da Ofishin Daraktan Lauyoyi na Jama'a.  Ta kasance Sakatariyar Lauyoyin Jama'a har zuwa shekara ta 2024. 

Oduor ta kasance shugabar kwamitin bita kan hauka da rashin hankali (masu taɓin hankali na laifuka), mataimakiyar mai ba da shawara a kwamitin bincike kan rikicin filaye na Akiwumi, kwamitin Bosire kan lamarin Goldenberg da kuma kwamitin Kiruki kan 'yan'uwan Artur, sakataren haɗin gwiwa na kwamitin gyaran 'yan sanda (Ransley Commission), shugaban kwamitin kula da taɓin hankali na laifuka (a madadin babban lauya), kuma memba na kwamitin aiki na ƙasa kan safarar kuɗi da kuma kuɗaɗen 'yan ta'adda. 

Manyan shari'o'in da ta gurfanar sun haɗa da shari'ar zamba da aka shigar kan Mataimakiyar Alkalin Alkalai Philomena Mwilu da kuma shari'ar kisan kai da aka yi wa jami'in 'yan sanda Edward Kirui daga rikicin bayan zaɓe na shekarun 2007-2008 a Kisumu. 

Shugaba Uhuru Kenyatta ya bai wa Oduor muƙamin Babbar Lauya a ranar 20 ga watan Yuli, 2020. 

Shugaba William Ruto ya naɗa Oduor a ranar 30 ga Yuli 2024, a wani sauye-sauye da majalisar ministoci ta yi bayan cire tsohon Babban Lauyan Gwamnati Justin Muturi kan zanga-zangar Dokar Kuɗi ta Kenya.  Majalisar Dokokin Kenya ta amince da ita a ranar 14 ga watan Agusta 2024  kuma Ruto ya rantsar da ita a Fadar Gwamnati da ke Nairobi a ranar 20 ga watan Agusta.  Ta ce za ta yi wa tsarin shari'ar laifuka kwaskwarima ta hanyar magance jinkirin shari'o'in kotu da kuma ba da shawarwari kan shari'a ga gwamnati kan lokaci. 

## Lambobin yabo da girmamawa

* Elder of the Burning Spear 
* Memba na Order of the Golden Warrior 
* Takardar Muƙami da Girmama Babban Lauya 

## Wallafe-wallafe

* 
* 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Oduor bazawara ce kuma tana da 'ya'ya biyar.  A wani ɓangare na tsarin tantance ta a shekarar 2024, ta bayyana cewa dukiyar iyalinta ta kai Ksh miliyan 85 (dala Amurka $833,000). 

## Manazarta
Susan Nakhumicha Wafula

**Susan Nakhumicha Wafula** (nee: **Susan Nakhumicha**) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Kenya, tsohuwar sakatariyar majalisar ministocin lafiya da kuma ƙwararriyar sashen samar da kayayyaki a majalisar ministocin Kenya. Bayan takardar shaidar KMTC, tana da digiri na farko a fannin Sayayya da Kula da Muhalli daga JKUAT. Kafin haka, ta kula da sashen samar da kayayyaki na Shirin Duniya na Bincike da Horarwa a Jami'ar California, San Francisco (UCSF). 

## Tarihi da ilimi
Majiyoyin yanar gizo masu inganci na Kenya sun ba da rahoton cewa an haife ta ne a garin Kitale, a gundumar Trans-Nzoia. 

Bayan ta kammala karatun firamare da sakandare, an shigar da ita Kwalejin Horar da Likitoci ta Kenya (KMTC), inda ta kammala karatun digiri a fannin harhaɗa magunguna. Daga nan ta yi rajista a Cibiyar Gudanarwa ta Kenya (KIM), inda ta sami takardar shaidar difloma a fannin Gudanar da Lafiya.

A shekarar 2012 ta yi ikirarin cewa an shigar da ita Jami'ar Noma da Fasaha ta Jomo Kenyatta (JKUAT) inda ta sami digiri na farko a fannin Sayayya da Gudanarwa sannan ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Gudanar da Kayayyaki. Duk waɗannan ba za a iya tantance su ba, har da digiri a fannin kantin magani ta yanar gizo wanda ta yi ikirarin cewa ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Ege, Turkiyya, amma Jami'ar ta musanta ikirarin ta hanyar tabbatar wa jama'a cewa ba sa bayar da kwasa-kwasan digiri ta yanar gizo.

## Aiki

### Kafin siyasa
Na wani lokaci, ta yi aiki a *Mission for Essential Drugs and Supplies* (MEDS), wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta ta Katolika a Kenya. Ta kuma yi aiki a Asibitin Mata na Nairobi a matsayin manajan sayayya da jigilar kayayyaki. A farkon aikinta, ta yi aiki a matsayin ƙwararriya masaniyar fasahar magunguna mai kula da reshen AAR Healthcare Kisumu. A lokacin da aka naɗa ta a matsayin Sakatariyar Majalisar Ministoci ta Lafiya, ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Sashen Kayayyaki a Cibiyar Kimiyyar Lafiya ta Duniya ta Jami'ar California, San Francisco.  

### Aikin siyasa
A shekarar 2022, ta shiga harkokin siyasa a Kenya. Ta tsaya takarar kujerar mazaɓar mata ta Trans-Nzoia a jam'iyyar Ford Kenya. Ta sha kaye a hannun mai ci, Lillian Chebet Siyoi Walubengo ta jam'iyyar United Democratic Alliance (Kenya).   

## Manazarta
Julia Wilmotte Henshaw

**Julia Wilmotte Henshaw** (8 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1869 - 19 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta 1937) ta kasance masanin ilimin tsire-tsire na Kanada, masanin ilimin ƙasa, marubuciya, kuma mai fafutukar siyasa wanda ya yi aiki tare da Red Cross a yakin duniya na . 

## Rayuwa ta farko

An haifi Henshaw **Julia Wilmotte Henderson** (wasu kafofin suna rubuta shi Willmothe) a 1869 a Durham, Ingila. Tana ɗaya daga cikin yara takwas. Ta yi karatu a Faransa da Jamus kafin ta koma Kanada a cikin shekara ta 1890.  Wani lokaci ana kiranta da kuskure tare da gano furen moccasin (kuma pink lady's slipper) (*Cypripedium acaule*),  wanda aka sani da kimiyya tun 1789 kuma an san shi daga Dutsen Rocky na Kanada tun aƙalla 1897, saboda rashin fahimtar sanarwa "The Pink Lady's Slipper yana da matukar wuya a cikin Dutsen Rocky wanda na ɗauki gano shi a cikin shekara ta 1903 a matsayin nasarar da aka yi a wannan yankin, Hens (Yunin 1887)  An haifi ɗansu kaɗai, Doris, a ranar 20 ga Satumba, 1889, kuma ya mutu a shekara ta 1974. Sun koma British Columbia a cikin 1890.  Ta mutu daga matsalar zuciya. Doris ta auri Grant Morden . 

## Yaƙin Duniya na I
Henshaw ya yi tafiya zuwa Faransa kusa da farkon yakin duniya na, kuma ya dawo don ba da jawabai don goyon bayan kwaskwarima da kuma tara kuɗi don ayyukan ambulanci a can.[1] Ta yi magana musamman ga masu sauraron mata, wasu daga cikinsu an ba su damar jefa kuri'a ta hanyar Dokar Zabe ta Yakin 1917, sabili da haka yin zabe a kan batun neman izini.[1] Da farko a 1915, ta yi aiki a cikin Royal Army Medical Corps a matsayin direban motar asibiti a matsayin wani ɓangare na British Red Cross Society . [1] Saboda ƙarfin hali da ta yi wajen kwashe sojoji da jagoranci, kuma duk da cewa ba ta da horo na likita, an kara ta zuwa matsayin kyaftin. Ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaban kungiyar Canadian Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire . Don jaruntakarta an ba ta lambar yabo ta Croix de Guerre tare da Star na Zinariya don "cirewa da farfado da mazauna a ƙarƙashin harsashi da bama-bamai na sama tare da sadaukarwa da ƙarfin hali wanda ya cancanci yabo mafi girma. " [1] Mijinta ya kasance mai daukar ma'aikata na soja a Vancouver. [2] A lokacin yakin ta yi wasu tafiye-tafiye zuwa Kanada don yin jawabai da ke tallafawa kokarin yaki da kuma kwaskwarima, gami da yin kira ga mata da ke da damar jefa kuri'a don tallafawa kwaskwarimar, duk da haka ta kuma yi jawabai game da ba mata damar jefa kuriʼa. Mutanen Kanada ne suka sallame ta amma daga bisani ta yi aiki tare da Red Cross na Faransa daga Maris zuwa Nuwamba 1918. [1]

## Sauran ayyukan
Henshaw ya zana taswirar ciki na tsibirin Vancouver a lokacin 1910-1911. Royal Geographical Society ta sanya ta Fellow a shekarar 1911. Ta kuma rubuta wa jaridu biyu a Vancouver .  A shekara ta 1914, ita da mijinta sune mutane na farko da suka tuka mota a fadin Dutsen Rocky.

## Littattafai
Henshaw ya rubuta wadannan littattafai:

* Hypnotized (1889), wanda ake kira "Littafi na Shekara" na Kanada, ta amfani da sunanta Julian Durham 
* *Me ya sa ba ƙaunatacciya ba?*  (1901), ta amfani da sunanta Julian Durham 
*  
*  
*  

## Manazarta
Marie Hackin

**Marie Parmentier**, mai suna **Marie Hackin**, (1905-1941) masanin ilimin kimiyyar tarihi ne kuma memba ne na Resistance wanda ya yi aiki tare da mijinta Joseph Hackin, wanda shi ma masanin ilimin kimiyya ne, masanin ilimin harshe, kuma memba ne ya Resistance. Mahaifin Marie Hackin ya fito ne daga Luxembourg .  Ta mutu a shekara ta 1941 lokacin da take cikin jirgin ruwa na teku da ke ƙoƙarin tafiya daga Liverpool zuwa Tekun Atlantika a kan hanyar zuwa Afirka, lokacin da Jirgin ruwa na Jamus ya nutse.

## Ayyukan da aka zaɓa
tare da Joseph Hackin: Shafin binciken kayan tarihi na Bamyan. Jagoran Baƙo Fitowa da Tarihi, Paris 1934. Jamusanci: Bamian. Führer zu den buddhistischen Höhlenklöstern und Kolossalstatuen . Littafin nan "Fasahar" da aka buga a birnin Paris 1939.

## Tushen
zane-zane na Asiya da Faransa. Nunin da aka shirya a cikin Yarjejeniyar Al'adu ta Franco-Luxembourg an yi shi tare da taimakon Gidan Tarihi na Guimet, Paris. Gidan Tarihi da Fasaha Gidan Tarihin Jiha - Luxembourg. Nunin daga 11 ga Nuwamba 1987 zuwa 3 ga Janairu 1988, Luxembourg. Gidan Tarihi da Fasaha, Luxembourg 1987.

## Manazarta
Sheila Hibben

Cecile Craik Hibben[1] (1888–1964), wacce aka fi sani da Sheila Hibben, 'yar jaridar abinci ce ta Amurka. Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai sukar abinci na farko a jaridar The New Yorker, tana aiki a mujallar tsawon shekaru 20. Ta kuma rubuta littattafan girki da dama.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haife ta Cecile Craik  a 1888, a Montgomery, Alabama, kuma ta girma a Italiya da Faransa. Ta yi aiki a yakin duniya na a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya, kuma ta sami Croix de Guerre .  Ta auri Paxton Hibben a 1916 a Athens, kuma ma'auratan sun shafe shekaru da yawa a Turai.

Lokacin da aka hayar ta a 1934, ta zama mai sukar abinci na farko na The New Yorker. Ta yi aiki a can na tsawon shekaru 20, tana nazarin abinci da abin sha a cikin "Markets and Menus", tare da rubuta wani shafi da ake kira "About the House". Ta kasance mai ba da gudummawa na lokaci-lokaci ga *Vogue*, House Beautiful, da Harper's Bazaar . Bayan rasuwar mijinta a 1928, Hibben ta fara rubutu saboda bukata, ta wallafa littattafai da yawa, ciki har da The National Cookbook (1932), Good Food for Bad Stomachs (1951), American Regional Cookery (1946), da A Kitchen Manual (1941). Wataƙila aikin da aka fi sani da ita shine The National Cookbook, wanda ya zama mafi kyawun sayarwa kuma ya taimaka mata ta sami hayar The New Yorker .  Good Food for Bad Stomachs an rubuta shi ne bisa buƙatar Harold Ross, babban editan The New Yorker, wanda ke fama da cututtukan cututtuka.

A lokacin mutuwarta a shekara ta 1964, Hibben ta rubuta fiye da labaran 350 don The New Yorker . [1] Baya ga rubuce-rubuce, ta ba Rex Stout menus don litattafan Nero Wolfe da labaru.[1] A cikin littafin abinci na Nero Wolfe, wanda Viking Press ta fara buga a 1973, Stout ya rubuta, "Dukkanin jita-jita a cikin Too Many Cooks an dafa su sau biyu - wasu sau uku ko fiye - da ni da marigayi Sheila Hibben ... ita ƙaunatacciyata ce kuma mai daraja". [1] A cikin 1934, an kawo Hibben zuwa Fadar White House don ba da shawara ga ma'aikatan game da shirye-shiryen abinci.[2] Ta mutu a shekara ta 1964.[1]

## Manazarta
Louise Hurrell

M. Louise Hurrell (6 ga Agusta, 1871 - 8 ga Agusta), likita ce ta Amurka kuma memba ne na Asibitocin Mata na Amurka a Yaƙin Duniya na I.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi M. Louise Harrell a ranar 6 ga Agusta, 1871, a Fort Erie, Ontario, ga Agnes da Alfred B. Hurrell . Mahaifinta ya kasance mai kula da kaya kuma yana da babban kantin sayar da kayayyaki a Fort Erie . A lokacin da take da shekaru hudu, ta kamu da nakasa ta jariri. Daga baya ta zama 'yar asalin Amurka bayan ta koma Buffalo, New York.   Ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Buffalo School of Medicine a 1902 tare da Dokta na Medicine .  Ta yi aikin digiri a Mayo Clinic a Rochester, Minnesota, da kuma Jami'ar London. Ta yi aiki a asibitin jarirai na Athol Spring . 

## Ayyuka

Bayan aikinta, Hurrell ta yi aiki da likita tare da kawunta Dr. Thomas Gilchrist Alling na Buffalo na tsawon watanni 18. Daga nan sai ta yi aikin likita a ofisoshi a Ginin Fasaha na Kiwon Lafiya a Rochester, New York .  Ta tafi Faransa a watan Agustan 1918 don shiga Asibitin Mata na Amurka, Unit 1 a lokacin yakin duniya na farko. Rukunin ya yi aiki mai zaman kansa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma a karkashin izinin gwamnatin Faransa. An fara samun rukunin ne a Château Neuftiers, kudu da Château-Thierry. Ta zama shugabar ƙungiyar a watan Nuwamba 1918. Asibitin sau da yawa zai kula da 'yan gudun hijira daga yaƙi waɗanda ke fama da cututtuka kamar diphtheria da typhoid. Bayan armistice, an tura asibitin zuwa Luzancy. A karkashin jagorancinta, ta tabbatar da cewa asibitin ba zai tsoma baki da aikin likitan farar hula ba. A lokacin rani na 1919, ta koma Blérancourt kuma ta kafa asibitin alfarwa a can. Bayan yakin, ta koma yin aikin likita a Rochester. Daga baya ta yi ritaya a shekara ta 1941.  

Hurrell ya kasance memba na Monroe County Medical Society, Medical Society of the State of New York da American Medical Association . [1] A watan Yunin 1916, an zabe ta a matsayin mataimakiyar shugaban kasa ta biyar na ƙungiyar tsofaffi na sashen kiwon lafiya na Jami'ar Buffalo.[2] Ta wallafa littafin The Doctors's Duffel Bag a cikin 1920, wanda ke game da abubuwan da ta samu a yakin duniya na a Faransa.[3]

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Hurrell ya zauna a East Avenue a Rochester, New York .  Bayan ta yi ritaya, ta koma wani gidan katako kusa da Woodstock, New York, tare da abokinta Jarretta K. Seger, malami a Jami'ar Jihar New York a Geneseo . Sun zauna a Zena, New York, kuma daga baya suka koma Florida.

Hurrell ta mutu a ranar 8 ga watan Agusta, 1958, a gidanta a DeBary, Florida. An binne ta a Saugerties, New York . 

## Kyauta
Don hidimar da ta yi a yakin duniya na, an ba Hurrell lambar yabo ta Croix de Guerre tare da Palm . Don gudummawar da ta bayar wajen yaki da typhoid, ita ce kadai memba na ƙungiyar ta da aka ba da lambar yabo ta Epidemics tare da Palm. Gwamnatin Faransa ta sanya ta a matsayin 'yar ƙasa mai daraja ta Faransa. A shekara ta 1952, kungiyar likitanci ta Jihar New York ta girmama ta shekaru hamsin na hidima.

## Manazarta
Nyiva Mwendwa

**Winfred Nyiva Mwendwa** 'yar siyasa ce ta Kenya. Ita ce mace ta farko 'yar ƙasar Kenya da ta yi aiki a matsayin minista a majalisar ministoci.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta 'Yan Mata ta Alliance,  kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin malaman farko na ƙabilar Afirka da aka tura zuwa Makarantar Sakandare ta Kenya a tsakiyar shekarun 1960, tana koyar da Kimiyyar Cikin Gida. An zaɓe ta a matsayin 'yar majalisar mazaɓar Kitui ta Yamma sau uku, a shekarar 1974 da 1992 tana wakiltar KANU da kuma a shekarar 2002 tana wakiltar NARC.  A zaɓen 2007 ta tsaya takarar kujerar a tikitin takarar ODM-Kenya, amma ta sha kaye a hannun Charles Mutisya Nyamai.  An zaɓe ta mace ta farko da ta wakilci gundumar Kitui a zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Kitui a shekarar 2013 bisa tikitin Wiper Democratic Movement-Kenya (WDM-K).  A shekarar 2016, ta sanar da niyyarta ta yi ritaya daga siyasa mai aiki shekaru 40 tun lokacin da ta fara aiki. 

## Rayuwar siyasa
An naɗa Mwendwa a matsayin Ministan Al'adu da Ayyukan Jama'a a ranar 9 ga watan Mayu, 1995, inda ta zama minista mace ta farko a Kenya. 

Ta jawo rashin jin daɗin ƙasa a shekarar 1995 lokacin da ta yi tafiya zuwa taron mata a Beijing a shekarar 1995 kuma ta ɗauki mai gyaran gashi a matsayin wani ɓangare na tawagarta. Mwendwa da kanta ta kare shawarar ta hanyar cewa kasancewarta shugabar wakilai, dole ne ta kula da kamanninta.

Mijinta Kitili Maluki Mwendwa ya kasance babban alƙali kuma ɗan siyasa na Kenya. Kitili Mwendwa ya mutu a hatsarin mota a shekarar 1985. Ya kasance a lokacin MP na Kitui West, ɗan'uwansa Kyale Mwendwa ya karɓi kujerarsa a zaɓen da ya biyo baya. Wani ɗan'uwansa, Eliud Ngala Mwendwa shi ma tsohon ministan Kenya ne.

Tana zaune a ƙauyen Matinyani a gundumar Kitui. Nyiva Mwendwa tana da 'ya'ya biyu, Kavinya da Maluki.

## Kyaututtuka
An ba ta lambar yabo ta The Order of the Golden Heart of Kenya ,  Aji na Biyu, Elder of the Golden Heart (EGH)

## Manazarta
Eva Bjøreng

**Eva Bjøreng** (an haife ta a ranar 23 ga Janairu 1953) ƙwararriyar ƙungiyar ƙwadago ce ta ƙasar Norway.

An haife ta ne a Notodden . Ta fara aikinta a banki, ta zama wakilin ƙungiyar a Kreditkassen kuma ta zama jagora a cikin Ƙungiyar Sashen Kudi ta Norway. Daga 1993 zuwa 1996 ta jagoranci Confederation of Vocational Unions, kuma daga 1996 zuwa 1998 ta kasance darektan horo a cikin wannan kungiyar. Ta kasance darektan bayanai a cikin Kungiyar Baƙi ta Norway daga 1998 zuwa 2001, kuma sakatare-janar na Taimako na Jama'ar Norway daga 2001. [1]

## Manazarta
'Matšepo Ramakoae

**Ramakoae** (née **Molise**; an haife ta a ranar 3 ga watan Maris 1954) 'yar siyasa ce ta Mosotho. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Ministar Harkokin Waje da Hulɗar Ƙasashen Waje daga watan Mayu 2020 zuwa watan Oktoba 2022. Ita ce 'yar majalisa daga mazaɓar Matsieng mai lamba 45. Ramakoae ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Ministan Kuɗi daga shekarun 2012 zuwa 2015.

## Rayuwar farko da aiki
An haifi 'Matšepo Molise a ranar 3 ga watan Maris, 1954 a Morija a matsayin 'ya'ya na biyu cikin 'ya'ya tara na James Koko Molise da 'Mamolise Molise.  Mahaifinta yana aiki a matsayin mai hakar ma'adinai a Afirka ta Kudu, yayin da mahaifiyarta kuma ma'aikaciyar gida ce ta masu wa'azin Faransa. Molise ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Lesotho da ke Maseru. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan kammala makaranta, ta yi aure ta karɓi sunan mijinta. 

Ta fara aikinta na ƙwararru a matsayin ma'aikaciyar gwamnati. Ta sami digiri a fannin lissafin kuɗi sannan ta ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Ƙasa ta Lesotho, inda ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin kasuwanci a shekarar 1981.  Tun daga lokacin, ta yi aiki a ofishin Firayim Minista. A lokaci guda, ta halarci kwasa-kwasan gudanarwa a Burtaniya da Sweden. A shekarar 1991, ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin nazarin manufofi a Netherlands. A wannan lokacin, ta rabu da mijinta.  Bayan dawowarta daga Netherlands, an naɗa ta a ofishin Odita Janar inda ta yi aiki a sashen binciken ayyuka. A shekarar 1999, ta fara aiki a matsayin babbar sakatare a sabuwar Ma'aikatar Tsaro. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta yi aiki a sashen kuma ita ce ke da alhakin kasafin kuɗi. 

## Aikin siyasa
A shekara ta 2006, Ramakoae ta shiga sabuwar ƙungiyar All Basotho Convention. Ta bar aikin gwamnati ta kuma tsaya takara a ABC a mazaɓar Matsieng a zaɓen 2007. Ta sha kaye a hannun ɗan takarar Lesotho Congress for Democracy. Daga nan ta fara aiki a matsayin manomiya kuma ta gudanar da hidimar abinci.  A fannin siyasa, ta kasance mai himma a matakin farko na ABC.

A zaɓen 2012, ta sake tsayawa takara a mazaɓar Matsieng. Ta yi nasara a wannan karon kuma aka rantsar da ita a matsayin 'yar majalisar dokoki ta ƙasa. Firayim Minista Thomas Thabane ya naɗa ta Mataimakin Ministan Kuɗi a majalisar ministocinsa ta farko.  Gwamnatin haɗin gwiwa ta ruguje a shekarar 2015 kuma an zaɓe ta a zaɓen gama gari da ya biyo baya. Ta sha kaye a zaɓen 'yar majalisa, amma ta lashe zaɓen mazaɓar a zaɓen gama gari na 2017.  An zaɓe ta don ta jagoranci kwamitin majalisar dokoki kan harkokin mata. 

A farkon shekarar 2020, Thabane ta fuskanci matsin lamba na yin murabus daga muƙamin Firayim Minista saboda zargin da ake masa na hannu a kisan tsohuwar matarsa.  An dauki Ramakoae a matsayin mai fafatawa mai karfi, amma daga ƙarshe ba a zaɓi shi ba yayin da jam'iyyar ta zaɓi Ministan Kuɗi Moeketsi Majoro don ya gaje Thabane.  An rantsar da Majoro a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu. Ya naɗa ta Ministan Harkokin Waje da Hulɗa da Ƙasashen Waje a majalisar ministocinsa. Ta hau mulki a ranar 21 ga watan Mayu.  Ramakoae ita ce mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan muƙami.

## Manazarta
Olubanke King Akerele

**Olubanke King Akerele** (an haife ta a ranar 11 ga watan Mayu, 1946) 'yar siyasa ce kuma jami'ar diflomasiyya ta ƙasar Liberia wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin Ministar Harkokin Waje a majalisar ministocin Ellen Johnson Sirleaf daga watan Oktoba 2007 har zuwa murabus ɗinta a ranar 3 ga watan Nuwamba 2010. Ita jika ce ga Charles DB King, shugaban ƙasar Liberia na 17.

Akerele ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Ibadan da ke Najeriya kuma ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Brandeis da ke Massachusetts, Amurka. Ta sami digiri na farko a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Northeastern a fannin tattalin arziki, sannan ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Columbia a fannin tattalin arziki. Akerele ta kuma kammala shekararta ta farko a Jami'ar Liberia a Makarantar Shari'a ta Louis Arthur Grimes. Daga baya ta yi aiki na tsawon shekaru sama da 20 a Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya.

Bayan an zaɓi Sirleaf a matsayin shugaba a shekarar 2005, an naɗa Akerele a matsayin Ministar Kasuwanci da Masana'antu. Bayan an yi gyaran fuska a majalisar ministoci a shekarar 2007, ta maye gurbin tsohon jami'in diflomasiyya George Wallace a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Waje. A ranar 3 ga watan Nuwamba, 2010, Sirleaf ta kori dukkan majalisar ministocinta, ciki har da Akerele. Ta yi murabus a wannan rana. Bayan naɗin Toga G. McIntosh a matsayin magajin Akerele, Sirleaf ta bayyana cewa Akerele ta yi murabus ne domin a yi mata magani saboda wata rashin lafiya da ba a bayyana ba.

## Majiyoyi

* "Shugaban Liberia ya yi wa majalisar ministocin kasar garambawul" a ranar 24 ga watan Agusta 2007, IOL.co.za
* "Shugaba Sirleaf Ta Kira Sabbin Ministocin Da Aka Sake Ginawa 'Mutanen Da Suka Dace Da Aikin'" a ranar 4 ga watan Disamba 2010, emansion.gov.lr

## Manazarta
Inger Lise Blyverket

**Inger Lise Blyverket** (an haife ta a ranar 2 ga Maris 1969) ma'aikaciyar gwamnati ce ta ƙasar Norway, kuma darekta-janar na Majalisar Masu Amfani da Kaya ta ƙasar Norway .

Ta fito daga Groruddalen da ke Oslo . A farkon shekarun 20 ta gano cewa 'yar madigo ce, daga baya ta zama mataimakiyar shugabar Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta 'Yan Madigo, 'Yan Luwadi, 'Yan Madigo Biyu da Mutane Masu Canza Jinsi (wanda yanzu ita ce Ƙungiyar Yaren mutanen Norway don Bambancin Jima'i da Jinsi). Bayan kammala karatunta na malanta, ta yi aiki a matsayin malamar makarantar sakandare, kafin ta zama mai fafutukar neman aiki ga malamai a Ƙungiyar Ilimi . [1] [2] Daga nan ta zama darektan tattaunawa a ƙungiyar ma'aikata ta Enterprise Federation of Norway . A shekarar 2019, ta zama darekta-janar na Majalisar Masu Amfani ta Norway . [3]

## Manazarta
Konstanse Marie Alvær

**Konstanse Marie Alvær** (an haife ta a ranar 22 ga Yuli 2002) 'yar siyasa ce ta ƙasar Norway kuma mataimakiyar memba a Storting . Ta kasance memba a Jam'iyyar Labour, kuma ta wakilci Telemark tun daga watan Oktoba 2025. 

An haifi Alvær a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2002 kuma ta fito ne daga Porsgrunn .   Ita mataimakiya ce a wani gidan kula da tsofaffi a Bamble .  Ita ce wakilin matasa na Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Ƙananan Hukumomi da na Ƙasa ta Norway (  ) a cikin Telemark .  

Alvær ta shiga jam'iyyar Labour tun lokacin da ta shiga reshen matasa, Ƙungiyar Matasan Ma'aikata (AUF), a watan Oktoban 2018. [1] [2] Ta riƙe mukamai daban-daban a Jam'iyyar Labour da AUF. [2] Ita memba ce a Majalisar Gundumar Telemark . [2] [3] Ita ce 'yar takara ta huɗu a Jam'iyyar Labour a Telemark a zaɓen 'yan majalisa na 2025 amma jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru biyu kacal a mazabar. [4] Ta zama mataimakiyar wakili ta biyu a jam'iyyar ( Vararepresentant ) a mazabar. [5] Ta shiga Majalisar Wakilai a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 2025 a matsayin madadin Ministar Yara da Iyalai Lene Vågslid na dindindin. [6] [7]

## Manazarta
Hanna Bergstrøm

**Hanna Marie K. Bergstrøm**, wacce **aka** haifa a shekarar 1885 - 1948, 'yar ƙasar Norway ce kuma 'yar siyasa a jam'iyyar Kwaminis .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife ta a Stockholm kuma ta kafa ƙungiyar ƙwadago a Malmö a shekarar 1906, [1] amma ta yi ƙaura zuwa Norway da Oslo . Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ɗinki, kuma tana aiki a ƙungiyar ƙwadago ta Syerskenes forening / Konfeksjonsarbeidernes forening Ta shiga Jam'iyyar Kwaminis a shekarar 1925, ta jagoranci kwamitin mata kuma ta zama memba a hukumar siyasa a shekarar 1929. Ta tsaya takarar zaɓen 'yan majalisa a shekarun 1927, 1930 da 1933. [2] Yayin da take jagorantar zaɓen a zaɓen 1930, ita ce kaɗai mace mafi girma a zaɓe uku na farko da Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta fafata (1924, 1927, 1930). [1] Ta kuma kasance memba a kwamitin gudanarwa na ƙungiyar ƙwadago Skredderforbundet daga 1928, amma an cire shi a 1931. [1]

A lokacin da Jamus ta mamaye Norway a shekarar 1942, an tsare ta a sansanin 'yan gudun hijira na Bredtveit daga 17 ga Agusta zuwa 14 ga Disamba 1944.  Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ta tsaya takarar zaɓe a 1945. Ta mutu bayan shekaru uku. 

## Manazarta
Inger Lise Husøy

**Inger Lise Husøy** (an haife ta a ranar 30 ga Janairu 1957) 'yar ƙasar Norway ce kuma 'yar siyasa a jam'iyyar Labour ta ƙasar Norway .

An haife ta a Grytten Municipality (wanda a yanzu ake kira Rauma Municipality ), a matsayin 'yar Gunnar Husøy da Karin Nord. Ta yi karatun firamare da sakandare a Åndalsnes, sannan ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Borgund da kwalejoji daban-daban a ƙarshen shekarun 1970 da farkon shekarun 1980. Ta yi aiki a jaridar *Verdens Gang* daga 1980 zuwa 1984, daga baya kuma ta zama mai ba da shawara ga Cibiyar Nazarin Aiki da Jama'a ta Fafo daga 1986 zuwa 1987 da Cibiyar Nazarin Masu Amfani ta Ƙasa daga 1987 zuwa 1991. 

A tsakanin, daga 1984 zuwa 1986, ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatare na Jam'iyyar Labour a Oslo . Ta kasance mataimakiyar majalisar birnin Oslo daga 1987 zuwa 1991, kuma ta yi aiki a kwamitin gudanarwa na reshen jam'iyyar na gida daga 1988 zuwa 1998. Ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar wakiliya a Majalisar Dokokin Norway daga Oslo a lokacin wa'adin 1989–1993 da 1993–1997. Ta yi taro akai-akai a Majalisar a watan Nuwamba 1991 (ta maye gurbin memba na majalisar Bjørn Tore Godal ) da kuma daga 1993 zuwa 1997 (ta maye gurbin membobin majalisar Thorbjørn Berntsen da Jens Stoltenberg ). Daga nan ta yi aiki a matsayin wakili na yau da kullun a tsawon wa'adi ɗaya, kasancewarta memba na Kwamitin Tsare-tsare kan Bincike da Harkokin Tsarin Mulki . 

Ta kuma kasance memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na Oslo faglige samorg daga 1991 zuwa 2007, memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na ƙasa na Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Gwamnati ta Norway daga 1995 zuwa 1999 kuma shugabar kwamitin ƙasa da ƙasa a reshen Oslo na Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Kwadago ta Norway daga 1997 zuwa 2007. Daga 2001 zuwa 2007, ta kuma yi karatu daban-daban a Kwalejin Jami'ar Oslo, Makarantar Gudanarwa ta Norway da Jami'ar Oslo . Ta shugabanci reshen Jam'iyyar Labour a Gamle Oslo daga 2000 zuwa 2003. Ta kuma shiga cikin haɗin kai da aikin zaman lafiya, a matsayin memba na kwamitin gudanarwa da Fellesutvalget na Palestine daga 2001 zuwa 2006 da kuma shugabar gundumar Nei til Atomvåpen daga 2002 zuwa 2003. Daga 2006 zuwa 2013 ta yi aiki a matsayin manaja na Kwamitin Burma na Norway . [1]

Ita ma'aikaciyar 'yan kasuwa ce kuma ɗan siyasa Kleiv Fiskvik . 

## Manazarta
Hanna Adolfsen

**Hanna Adolfsen** (1872–1926) 'yar siyasa ce ta ƙasar Norway wadda ta kasance mai himma a cikin ƙungiyar mata. Daga 1920 zuwa 1923, ta jagoranci Ƙungiyar Mata ta Jam'iyyar Labour ta ƙasar Norway ( *Arbeiderpartiets kvindeforbund* ), inda ta ɗauki matsayi mafi tsauri fiye da magabatanta Gunhild Ziener da Martha Tynæs ta hanyar goyon bayan mulkin kama-karya na proletariat da kuma zamantakewa daidai da yanayin da ake ciki a Moscow . 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Asalinsu daga Røyken ne, Adolfsen ta fara aiki a ƙungiyar masu ɗinki a Christiania inda ta yi aiki a matsayin shugaba da kuma ma'aji. A shekarar 1917, ta zama sakatariya ga Ƙungiyar Masu ɗinki ta Norway ( Norsk Skrædderforbund ), inda aka naɗa ta a matsayin ma'aji a shekarar 1920. Baya ga zama memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na Kvinnenes kontor (Ofishin Mata) tun lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 1909, ta yi aiki a majalisar birnin Oslo inda ta yi aiki a asibitoci da kula da jin daɗin jama'a. An zaɓe Adolfsen a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar mata ta jam'iyyar Labour bayan wata fafatawa mai ban mamaki da tsohon shugabanta Gunhild Ziener wanda ba shi da tsattsauran ra'ayi. A ƙarƙashin jagorancinta, membobin ƙungiyar sun ragu daga kimanin 4,000 zuwa 3,000 amma daga baya suka fara ƙaruwa. Sakamakon matsin lamba daga Moscow, a babban taron ƙasa na 1923, Tarayyar ta zama wani ɓangare na Jam'iyyar Labour kanta inda aka san ta da Arbeiderpartiets kvinnesekretariat (Sakatariyar Mata ta Jam'iyyar Labour). Thina Thorleifsen ce ta fara jagorantar ta. [1]

Hanna Adolfsen ta mutu sakamakon rashin lafiya a shekarar 1926. 

## Manazarta
Agnete Haaland

**Agnete Gullestad Haaland** (an haife ta a ranar 10 ga Maris 1960) ’yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta ƙasar Norway, shugabar ƙungiya kuma daraktan wasan kwaikwayo. Ta kasance darakta a Den Nationale Scene daga 2012 zuwa 2019.

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haife ta a Bergen a ranar 10 ga Maris 1960,  kuma 'yar jaruma ce Anne Gullestad .  Tana auren mai shirya fina-finai kuma 'yar jarida  . 

Daga 2000 zuwa 2011 ta shugabanci ƙungiyar 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo ta Norway . An naɗa ta daraktan wasan kwaikwayo a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Bergen Den Nationale Scene daga 2012. [1]

## Manazarta
Mirell Høyer-Berntsen

**Mirell Høyer-Berntsen** 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Norway a jam'iyyar Socialist Left Party .  Ta kasance memba a Storting tun daga shekarar 2025. 

Ita ƙwararriyar ƙwararriyar ƙungiyar kwadago ce. [1]

## Manazarta
Kitty Bugge

**Kitty Bugge** (1878–1938) ta kasance shugabar ƙungiyar mata ta ƙasar Norway kuma shugabar ƙungiyar. Ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin mata ta ƙasar Norway daga 1935 zuwa 1936. Bugge ta kuma kafa ƙungiyar mata masu aiki da wayar tarho ta ƙasa kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar ta farko daga 1914 zuwa 1919 da kuma daga 1921 zuwa 1933. Ta kasance memba a kwamitin gudanarwa na ƙungiyar ma'aikatan jiha daga 1923 zuwa 1930. Bugge 'yar'uwarta ce ga fitacciyar lauya, lauya kuma jami'ar diflomasiyya Anna Bugge . [1] [2]

## Manazarta
Jin Jin Godiya

**Aud Solveig Gustad**, wanda aka haifa a shekara ta 1917, **Lund Olsen** (1 ga Mayu 1917 – 30 ga Afrilu 2000) ɗan ƙungiyar kwadago ne kuma ɗan siyasa na jam'iyyun gurguzu da gurguzu na hagu .

An haife ta a Trondheim a matsayin 'yar ma'aikaciyar ma'aikaciya Jens Valdemar Lund Olsen (1894–1970) da kuma mai tsafta Jenny Oline Emilie Hansen (1896–1966). Ta kasance mai himma a cikin ƙungiyar majagaba ta kwaminisanci ta Norway daga 1930, kuma daga 1935 zuwa 1939 ta kasance mai himma a Ƙungiyar 'Yan Kwaminisanci ta Matasa ta Norway . Ta kammala karatun sakandare a Makarantar Cathedral ta Trondheim a 1937 kuma ta fara aiki a matsayin 'yar jarida a *Ny Tid* a wannan shekarar. Bayan ta yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar waya daga 1938 zuwa 1944 ta koma *Ny Tid* a 1945. Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ya ƙare, kuma ta yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a kwamitin mata na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis .  

A shekarar 1939 ta auri ma'aikaciyar aiki Helge Kristian Gustad.  Ta bar aiki na tsawon shekaru, amma an ɗauke ta aiki a matsayin mai karɓar baƙi a Phoenix Hotell a shekarar 1951. A shekarar 1955 ta ci gaba da zama mai kula da harkokin kuɗi a Bladcentralen . A nan aka zaɓe ta a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar ma'aikata ta gida ( Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata a Kasuwanci da Ofisoshi ) a shekarar 1961. Daga 1969 zuwa 1970 ta canza aiki zuwa mataimakiya a Makarantar Zamantakewa, kuma ta shugabanci reshen Trondheim na ƙungiyar mata masu ci gaba ta Norsk Kvinneforbund . Daga 1970 zuwa 1977 ta kasance sakatare a Ƙungiyar Majinyata ta Zuciya da Huhu ta Norway a yankuna daban-daban. 

A zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na ƙasar Norway na shekarar 1971, an zaɓe ta Gustad a matsayin mataimakiyar majalisar birnin Trondheim; kuma cikakken memba a shekarar 1975. A halin yanzu ta zama mataimakiyar wakiliya a Majalisar Dokokin Norway daga Sør-Trøndelag, wadda aka zaɓa a shekarar 1973. Bayan ƙasa da shekaru biyu, wakilin da aka zaɓa Kai Øverland ya rasu kuma Gustad ya maye gurbinsa. Ya sami kujera a Kwamitin Tsare-tsare kan Harkokin Jama'a . 

A shekarar 1977 ta janye daga harkokin siyasa don komawa Oslo ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin sakatare a Ƙungiyar Masu Jinya da Zuciya ta Norway a duk faɗin ƙasar. Daga 1984 zuwa 1991 ta kasance memba a kwamitin gudanarwa na Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Nakasassu ta Norway . Duk da haka, ta yi aiki a matsayin memba na kwamitin ƙasa na Jam'iyyar Socialist Left Party daga 1979 zuwa 1981 kuma memba a kwamitinsu kan manufofin zamantakewa daga 1979 zuwa 1983. Ta kuma kasance mataimakiyar memba a kwamitin gudanarwa na Postverket daga 1977 zuwa 1981. [1]

## Manazarta
Mette Nord

**Mette Nord** (an haife ta a ranar 14 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1959) 'yar kungiyar kwadago ce ta Norway kuma 'yar siyasa ce ta Jam'iyyar Labour Party .

Ta fito daga Porsgrunn . [1] Ma'aikaciyar jinya ce ta aiki, kuma ta zama shugabar reshen Telemark na Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Lafiya da Kula da Jama'a ta Norway . Lokacin da wannan ƙungiyar ƙwadago ta haɗu a 2003 don kafa Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Ƙananan Hukumomi da na Gabaɗaya ta Norway, ta zama mataimakiyar shugabar reshen Telemark. An zaɓe ta a matsayin memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na ƙasa a 2005, mataimakiyar shugaba a 2009 [2] kuma shugaba a 2013. [1] Ta sauka daga muƙamin a watan Oktoba na 2025. [3] Nord kuma ta kasance shugabar Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Jama'a ta Turai daga 2019 zuwa 2024. [4]

An zaɓe ta a matsayin mataimakiyar wakiliya a Majalisar Dokokin Norway daga Telemark a 2005 da 2009, inda ta yi wa'adi biyu. Daga Disamba 2012 zuwa Satumba 2013 ta yi aiki a matsayin Sakatare na Jiha a Ofishin Firayim Minista a matsayin wani ɓangare na Majalisar Ministoci ta Biyu ta Stoltenberg . 

## Manazarta
Ingeborg Moen Borgerud

**Ingeborg Moen Borgerud** (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1949) lauya ne na ƙasar Norway, ɗan kasuwa kuma tsohon ɗan siyasa na Jam'iyyar Labour Party .

## Sana'a
An haife ta a Porsgrunn . A farkon aikinta, ta yi aiki a gundumar Akershus, ma'aikatar shari'a da 'yan sanda ta Norway, kotun shari'a ta Oslo, da kuma ƙarƙashin Ombudsman na Majalisar Dokoki ta Norway . Daga nan ta zama mataimakiyar shugabar sashen shari'a a ƙungiyar kwadago ta Norway .  A watan Satumba na 1992, an naɗa ta a matsayin Sakatare na Jiha a Ma'aikatar Shari'a da 'Yan sanda, a Majalisar Ministoci ta Uku ta Brundtland . Ta ci gaba da aiki har zuwa 1996.  

Ta riƙe mukamai da dama na jama'a. A shekarar 1987 an naɗa ta a matsayin memba na *Klagenemnda saboda likestilling* .  Ita ce mataimakiyar shugabar Asusun Garanti na Bankunan Ajiyar Kuɗi na Norway .  Ta bayar da gudummawa ga kwamitocin jama'a waɗanda ke samar da Rahoton Hukuma na Norway . Ta jagoranci kwamitocin da suka gabatar da Rahoton Hukuma na Norway na 2003:2 kan wariya da kuma 2004:5 kan yanayin aiki.  Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Kwadago ta Norway ta yi suka ga rahoton kwamitinta kan yanayin aiki a matsayin wanda ke adawa da ma'aikata na yau da kullun.  Ta kuma kasance memba a cikin kwamitocin da suka gabatar da Rahoton Hukuma na Norway na 1994:19 game da banki da kuɗi, da kuma 1994:20 (game da diyya ga rauni na mutum, 2001:32 (game da shari'o'in farar hula da 2001:33 game da sulhu, an sanya wa kwamitin suna a 1999).  Ita kuma memba ce a Kwamitin Keɓewa, wanda ke aiki da keɓewa tsakanin aikin mutum a siyasa da sabuwar sana'a a wasu fannoni. 

Ta zama mataimakiyar memba na kwamitin NSB (Norwegian State Railways) a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2000. [1] Ta ci gaba zuwa mataimakiyar shugaban a watan Yunin 2001, lokacin da Gunn Wærsted ya bar kwamitin.[2] A watan Satumbar shekara ta 2003 ta ci gaba zuwa mukaddashin shugabanci lokacin da Olav Fjell ya bar hukumar.[3] A watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2004, ta fara aiki a taron masu hannun jari na musamman.[1] Ta kuma kasance shugabar Hukumar Kotun Kasa ta Norway na shekaru da yawa.[4] Ta zama memba na kwamitin Norsk Eiendomsinvision a shekara ta 2006, kuma shugabar Eidsiva Energi a shekara ta 2008. [5][6]

A matsayinta na lauya, tana aiki a kamfanin Arntzen de Besche . Ta kasance lauya ta Ingunn Yssen a lokacin Abin kunya na Valla a shekara ta 2007.  Ta kuma wakilci daya daga cikin likitocin asibiti a cikin Shari'ar Ali Farah. A shekara ta 2007, ta rubuta littafin *Arbeidsrett. * . Særlig omstilling i plai sektor, wanda aka saki a kan Universitetsforlaget . 

## Manazarta
Christl Kvam

**Christl Kvam** (an haife ta a ranar 2 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1962)  ma'aikaciyar jinya ce ta ƙasar Norway, masanin tattalin arziki, mai ba da agaji, shugaban ƙungiyoyi, ma'aikacin gwamnati kuma ɗan siyasa. 

Kvam ya girma ne a Oslo. Ta fara kammala karatun jinya daga Ullevål sykepleierskole a Oslo . Daga nan sai ta fara karatun tattalin arziki, kuma ta kammala karatu daga Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta Norway a shekarar 1992. A cikin shekaru goma ta ɗauki mukamai daban-daban a cikin kula da lafiya, kuma ta kasance memba na kwamitin a kamfanoni da kungiyoyi daban-daban.[1]

Daga 2002 zuwa 2008 ta shugabanci Cibiyar ƙungiyar kwadago, Federation of Norwegian Professional Associations . Daga nan ta kasance darakta na yanki na Confederation of Norwegian Enterprise, kuma an nada ta Gwamnan gundumar Oppland a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2015 an nada ta a majalisar ministocin Solberg a matsayin Sakatariyar Jiha a Ma'aikatar Ayyuka da Harkokin Jama'a.

## Manazarta