Batutuwan muhalli a Portugal

Portugal ƙasa ce mai bakin teku a yammacin Turai, da ke ƙarshen yammacin Yankin Iberian, da ke kan iyakar Spain (a kan iyakokinta na arewa da gabashin: jimlar kilomita 1,215 (755 ). Yankin Portuguese kuma ya haɗa da jerin tsibirai a cikin Tekun Atlantika (Azores da Madeira), waɗanda tsibirai ne masu mahimmanci tare da Arewacin Atlantic. Kudancin kudu ba shi da nisa da Strait of Gibraltar, wanda ke haifar da Bahar Rum. Gabaɗaya, ƙasar ta mamaye yanki na  kilomita 92,090 (35,560 sq  wanda murabba'i kilomita 91,470 (35,320 sq  ƙasa ne kuma  kilomita 620 (240 sq  ruwa.

Duk da wadannan ma'anoni, iyakar Portugal da Spain ta kasance rikici na yanki wanda ba a warware shi ba tsakanin kasashen biyu. Portugal ba ta amince da iyakar tsakanin Caia da Ribeira de Cuncos River deltas ba, tun farkon mamayar Olivenza ta 1801 ta Spain. Wannan yankin, ko da yake a karkashin mulkin mallaka na Mutanen Espanya, ya kasance wani ɓangare na Portugal, saboda haka babu iyaka da aka amince da ita a wannan yanki.

## Jiki

Portugal tana kan iyakar yammacin yankin Iberian da tsaunuka, wanda ya raba Tekun Bahar Rum daga Tekun Atlantika. Tana kan iyakar Atlantic na wannan tudu kuma koguna da yawa da suka samo asali ne daga Spain sun haye ta. Yawancin waɗannan koguna suna gudana daga gabas zuwa yamma a cikin Tekun Atlantika; daga arewa zuwa kudu, manyan koguna sune Minho, Douro, Mondego, Tagus da Guadiana.

### Yankin bakin teku

Yankin nahiyar Portuguese yana da yanki na  kilomita 28,000 (11,000 sq , kodayake faɗin sa ya bambanta daga kilomita 150 (93  a arewa zuwa kilomita 25 (16  a kudu. Yana da karfin gwiwa ta hanyar zurfin koguna da ci gaba da manyan koguna. Estremadura Spur ya raba Iberian Abyssal da Tagus Abyssal Plains, yayin da gangaren nahiyar ke kewaye da tsaunuka na teku da kuma iyaka da sanannen Bankin Gorringe a kudu. A halin yanzu, gwamnatin Portugal ta yi ikirarin iko zuwa zurfin teku na mita 200 (660 , ko zuwa zurfin amfani.

Yankin tekun Portugal yana da yawa; ban da kimanin kilomita 943 (586  tare da tekun nahiyar Portugal, tsibirin Azores (kilomita 667) da Madeira (kilominta 250) da farko suna kewaye da bakin tekun dutse. Yawancin waɗannan shimfidar wurare suna canzawa tsakanin tsaunuka masu tsawo da rairayin bakin teku masu kyau; yankin Algarve an san shi da rairayar bakin teku masu yashi da suka shahara tare da masu yawon bude ido, yayin da a lokaci guda bakin tekun da ke kusa da Cape St. Vincent sananne ne ga tsaunuka da hanawa. Wani fasalin ban sha'awa na bakin tekun Portugal shine Ria Formosa tare da wasu tsibirai masu yashi da yanayi mai laushi da jin daɗi wanda ke da dumi, amma ba mai zafi ba, lokacin rani da kuma hunturu mai laushi.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Sabanin haka, bakin tekun Ria de Aveiro (kusa da Aveiro, wanda ake kira "The Portuguese Venice") an kafa shi ne ta hanyar Delta kusan kilomita 45 (28 tsawo tare da matsakaicin faɗin kilomita 11 (6.8 , mai wadata da kifi da tsuntsayen teku. Manyan tashoshi huɗu suna gudana ta tsibirai da tsibirai a bakin kogin Vouga, Antuã, Boco, da Fontão. Tun daga karni na 16, wannan tsari na ƙananan tuddai sun zama tafki, wanda ya ba da damar samarwa da samar da gishiri. Har ila yau, Romawa sun gane shi, wanda sojojinsa suka fitar da gishiri - sannan kuma hanya mai daraja - zuwa Roma.

Azores suna cike da rairayin bakin teku masu launin fata da duwatsu; kawai a matsayin banbanci akwai rairayin rairayin kankara (kamar tsibirin Santa Maria a Almagreira). Tsibirin Porto Santo yana da ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan rairayin bakin teku a Portugal, wanda ke cikin tsibirin Madeira .

Ma'aunin ruwa  tekun Portugal sun gano 1-1.5 millimeters (0.039-0.059 in) a cikin matakan teku, wanda ke haifar da manyan koguna da wuraren da ke cikin wasu manyan koguna su cika.

Sakamakon abubuwan mallakar teku da kuma dogon bakin teku, Portugal tana da Keɓantaccen Yankin Tattalin Arziki na    . Wannan shi ne na uku mafi girma na EEZ na duk ƙasashe na Tarayyar Turai kuma na 20 a duniya. Wannan yankin teku, wanda Portugal ke aiwatar da haƙƙin yanki na musamman kan binciken tattalin arziki da amfani da albarkatun ruwa, ya kewaye yanki mai girman  (an raba kamar: Nahiyar Portugal 327,667&nbsp;km 2, Tsibirin Azores 953,633&nbsp;km 2, Tsibirin Madeira 446,108&nbsp;km2 ku ).

## Manazarta