Lucille Thornburgh

**Lucille Thornburgh** (18 ga Satumba, 1908) 7 ga Nuwamba, 1998) ta kasance mai shirya ƙungiyar ma'aikata ta Amurka. Thornburgh shugabar ƙungiyar ma'aikata ce a Tennessee a lokacin yajin aikin ma'aikatan masaku na 1934 kuma ta yi aiki a Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Amurka a Knoxville na kusan shekaru talatin. Ta kuma yi edita a *Gabashin Tennessee Labor News* tsawon shekaru da yawa.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Lucille Thornburgh a ranar 18 ga Satumba, 1908, a Strawberry Plains, Tennessee .   Ta girma a nisan mil biyu daga Strawberry Plains, a Rolling Hills, Tennessee.  Tana ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'ya shida na Thomas da Harriet Swaggerty Thornburgh.  Lokacin da Lucille ke da shekaru 14, mahaifinta ya sayar da shagonsa da gonarsa na ƙauye kuma iyalin suka ƙaura zuwa Dayton, Tennessee . 

Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Rhea County kuma ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1924, shekara ɗaya kacal kafin gwajin Scopes ya sanya Dayton ta zama cibiyar watsa labarai mai zafi.  Iyalin sun ƙaura zuwa Knoxville jim kaɗan bayan kammala karatunta; sun sha wahala wajen biyan buƙatunsu, kuma Lucille ta yi aiki na tsawon watanni uku a wani masana'antar yadi da ke kusa. 

Thornburgh ta yi tafiye-tafiye a faɗin ƙasar daga 1926 zuwa 1931, tana aiki a wurare daban-daban ciki har da aikin malanta.  Ta ɗauki darussa a wata kwalejin kasuwanci ta gida da ke Denver.  A shekarar 1930 ta ƙaura zuwa Detroit, amma ta fuskanci matsaloli wajen neman aiki saboda farkon Babban Bala'in Tattalin Arziki, don haka ta koma Gabashin Tennessee. 

## Aiki da fafutuka
Thornburgh ma'aikaciyar injina ce mai lanƙwasa a Kamfanin Spinning na Cherokee, tana aiki awanni hamsin a mako akan ƙasa da dala goma a kowane mako.  "Mummunan yanayi" da ta fuskanta yayin da ma'aikaciya ke maimaita irin na sauran ma'aikatan injina masu yadi: auduga ta cika iska, kuma yanayin zafi yana danne su.  Ko da lokacin da mata suka sami ƙwarewar da ake buƙata don manyan mukamai, ba a ba su izinin cike guraben aiki na dindindin ba.  Masana'antar kuma wuri ne na wariyar launin fata: Thornburgh ta bayyana masana'antar a matsayin "farin dusar ƙanƙara."  Thornburgh da wasu ma'aikata shida sun kafa masana'antar Cherokee ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a shekarar 1933 kuma sun gabatar wa manajoji jerin koke-koke.   An kafa layin fita da fita a matsayin wani ɓangare na yajin aikin ma'aikatan masana'anta na 1934, amma yajin aikin masana'antar Cherokee ya gaza bayan makonni uku.  Thornburgh da sauran shugabannin ƙungiyar kwadago an saka su cikin jerin sunayen baƙi. 

Dokoki biyu na tarayya a farkon shekarun 1930 sun ƙarfafa ci gaban tattalin arziki kuma sun share fagen kare haƙƙin ma'aikata a Gabashin Tennessee, Dokar Hukumar Kula da Kwarin Tennessee (kafa Hukumar Kula da Kwarin Tennessee ) da Dokar Farfado da Masana'antu ta Ƙasa ta 1933. [1] Thornburgh ta sami aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin fayil na Hukumar Kula da Kwarin Tennessee (TVA), inda ta kasance ma'aikaciyar ƙwazo. [1]

Ayyukan Thornburgh na shirya ƙungiyar kwadago ta Amurka (AFL) sun sa ta zama ƙaramar mai hari a zaman sauraren ƙararraki masu adawa da gurguzu a shekarun 1940 da 1950.  An lissafa sunanta a matsayin wanda ake zargi da "ja" a zaman sauraren ƙararrakin Kwamitin Ayyukan da ba na Amurka ba na Majalisar Wakilai ta 1942.  An kuma ambaci ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ma'aikatan TVA da ake zargi da kasancewa da halayen gurguzu ko na gurguzu a lokacin da Majalisar Dattawa ke yi wa Shugaban TVA David E. Lilienthal tambayoyi.  Fayil ɗin FBI na Thornburgh ya kammala da cewa ba kwaminisanci ba ce amma tana da alaƙa da membobin Jam'iyyar Kwaminis waɗanda suma ma'aikatan TVA ne.  Ba ta shiga cikin fafutukar neman 'yan kwadago a wurin aiki ba, tana jayayya cewa TVA "za ta iya kula da kanta," amma ta yi aikin sa kai a matsayin mai shirya ma'aikatan gidan burodi da wanki a Knoxville.  An zaɓe ta a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar ƙungiyar kwadago ta Tennessee a shekarar 1937.  An ƙara wa Thornburgh girma kuma aka mayar da ita wurin TVA kusa da Wilson Dam a Alabama a shekarar 1939, amma ta koma Knoxville a shekarar 1942.  Daga baya a shekarar 1942 ta karɓi muƙamin Ma'aikatar Yaƙi a Fort Belvoir, amma ta yi murabus jim kaɗan bayan haka, ba ta son yanayin rayuwar soja. 

## Manazarta