open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Anestis Dalakouras

Anestis Dalakouras (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 1993) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Girka, tare da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙasa ta Girka . A matakin kulob din yana buga wa Olympiacos Piraeus . [1]

## Daraja

* Gasar Volleyball ta Turai ta **2014**Kungiyar Volleyball ta Turai
* Wasannin Bahar Rum na **2018**

### Kungiyar

* **Kofin Ƙalubalen CEV**
* 2022/2023, tare da Olympiacos Piraeus

**Gasar Cin Kofin Kasa**

* **2022/2023** Gasar Girka, tare da Olympiacos Praeus
* **2023/2024** Gasar Girka, tare da Olympiacos Praeus
* Gasar Girka ta **2024/2025**, tare da Olympiacos Praeus

**Kofin Kasa**

* **2023/2024** Kofin Helenic, tare da Olympiacos Praeus
* **2024/2025** Kofin Hellenic League, tare da Olympiacos Piraeus
* **2**  Hellenic Super CupKofin Girka na Girka
* **2024/2025** Kofin Helenic, tare da Olympiacos Piraeus
* **2025/2026** Kofin Hellenic League, tare da Olympiacos Piraeus

## Manazarta
John III Doukas Vatatzes

**John III Doukas Vatatzes**, Latinized a matsayin **Ducas Vatatzes** (Girkanci), shi ne Sarkin sarakuna na Nicaea daga 1221 zuwa 1254. Ɗansa, wanda aka fi sani da Theodore II Doukas Laskaris ya gaje shi.

## Rayuwa
John Doukas Vatatzes, an haife shi a shekara ta  a Didymoteicho, mai yiwuwa ne   ɗan janar Basil Vatatzes ne, wanda aka kashe a yaƙi a shekara ta 1494, da matarsa, dan uwan Sarkin sarakuna Isaac II Angelos da Alexios III Angelos.  John Doukas Vatatzes yana da 'yan'uwa maza biyu. Babbar shi ne Isaac Doukas Vatatzes (1188-1261), yayin da ƙanensa ya mutu tun yana ƙarami. Ta hanyar aurensa da Eudokia Angelina ya haifi Theodora Doukaina Vatatzaina, wanda daga baya ya auri Michael VIII Palaiologos . Ba a san sunan ɗan'uwan na tsakiya ba, amma 'yarsa ta auri *protovestiarios* Alexios Raoul.

Soja mai cin nasara daga dangin soja, John ya tashi zuwa matsayin protovestiarites lokacin da Emperor Theodore I Komnenos Laskaris ya zaba shi a shekara ta a matsayin mijin na biyu ga 'yarsa Irene Laskarina, bayan mutuwar mijinta na farko, Andronikos Palaiologos . [1] A matsayin mijin ɗan fari na Laskaris, wanda ba shi da ɗa na kansa, John na iya zama magajin sarauta, kodayake an bar batun maye gurbin a buɗe; Laskaris na iya fatan auren kansa ga Maria ta Courtenay a cikin 1219 zai samar da magajin namiji.[1] A sakamakon haka, lokacin da John III ya zama sarki a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1221, bayan mutuwar Theodore I a watan Nuwamba, dole ne ya murkushe adawa da mulkinsa daga 'yan uwan Laskaris, Alexios da Isaac. 1216[lower-alpha 1][1][1] Gwagwarmayar ta ƙare tare da Yaƙin Poimanenon a cikin 1224, inda aka ci abokan hamayyarsa duk da goyon baya daga Daular Latin ta Constantinople. Nasarar John III ta haifar da izinin yankin da Daular Latin ta yi a cikin 1225, sannan ya biyo bayan mamayar John zuwa Turai, inda ya kama Adrianople.[1]

Theodore Komnenos Doukas na Epirus da Thessalonica sun dakatar da mallakar John III na Adrianople, wanda ya kori sojojin Nicaean daga Adrianople kuma ya mamaye yawancin Thrace a cikin 1227. Kashe Theodore da Ivan Asen II na Bulgaria ya yi a cikin 1230 ya kawo karshen haɗarin da Epirus ya kawo, kuma John III ya yi kawance da Bulgaria a kan Daular Latin.

A cikin 1235 wannan haɗin gwiwa ya haifar da maido da shugabanci Bulgarian da auren tsakanin Elena ta Bulgaria da Theodore II, 'yar Ivan Asen II da ɗan John III. A wannan shekarar, Bulgarians da Nicaeans sun yi yaƙi da Daular Latin, kuma a cikin 1236 sun yi ƙoƙari su kewaye Constantinople. Daga baya, Ivan Asen II ya ɗauki manufofi masu rikitarwa, yadda ya kamata ya zama tsaka-tsaki kuma ya bar John III ga nasa kayan aiki.

## Manazarta
Nikolaos Bacharidis

Nikolaos Bacharidis (Girkanci: Νικόλαος Μπαχαρίδης; an haife shi 20 Oktoba 1976) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Girka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida.[ana yanayi hujja] [citation need]

## Ayyukan kulob din
Bacharidis "flag" ne na Panthrakikos FC. Ya kasance kyaftin na shekaru da yawa. Ya buga shekaru tara (2001-2010) a matakai shida, daga mafi ƙasƙanci na yanki har zuwa Super League Girka. Ya yi ritaya bayan karshen kakar 2009-2010.

**Ƙididdigar aiki**

## Manazarta
 

## Hanyoyin haɗi na Waje
*
*Panthraxstats
*Insports
*Guardian Football
George Chouliarakis

**George Chouliarakis** (Girkanci: ), wanda aka fi sani da **Giorgos Houliarakis**, masanin kimiyya ne kuma ɗan siyasa na Girka wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Ministan Kudi a cikin Ma'aikatar Na Biyu ta Alexis Tsipras, yana aiki a ƙarƙashin Euclid Tsakalotos . Chouliarakis ya kasance Ministan Kudi na wucin gadi a cikin gwamnatin Vassiliki Thanou-Christophilou">mai kulawa karkashin jagorancin Vassiliki Thanou-Christophilou . 

Ya jagoranci tattaunawar fasaha na kunshin ceto na uku daga Mayu zuwa Agusta 2015. A halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan tattalin arziki ga Gwamnan Bankin Girka, Yannis Stournaras . 

## Ilimi
An haifi Chouliarakis a Iasmos  kuma ya yi karatun tattalin arziki a Jami'ar Athens, kafin ya kammala digiri na biyu a Jami'an London . Daga baya ya kammala digirinsa na PhD a fannin tattalin arziki a Jami'ar Warwick . 

## Ayyukan ilimi
Chouliarakis ya koyar da tattalin arziki a Jami'ar Essex, kuma ya kasance ɗan bincike a Cibiyar Nazarin Aiki ta Jami'ar Warwick. A halin yanzu shi ne Jean Monnet Lecturer a cikin Haɗin Tattalin Arziki na Turai a Jami'ar Manchester . Har ila yau, masanin ziyara ne a Bankin Girka kuma ɗan'uwan Cibiyar Kasuwancin Yuro Area . 

Binciken bincikensa ya haɗa da tattalin arziki, Tarihin tattalin arziki, Tattalin arzikin aiki, tattalin arzobin duniya da tattalin arzikin tattalin arziki na ƙungiyoyin kuɗi.

## Ayyukan siyasa
A ƙarshen watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2015, an sake kawo Chouliarakis a matsayin babban mai tattaunawar Girka a cikin tawagar da ke tattauna ka'idojin kunshin ceto na uku. Ya maye gurbin Nicholas Theocarakis, wanda aka dauke shi abokin Yanis Varoufakis. Thomas Wieser, shugaban Kwamitin Tattalin Arziki da Kudi na EU, ya yaba da Chouliarakis a matsayin "mai tattaunawa mai basira".[1] Wasu daga cikin kafofin watsa labarai na Athens sun kira shi "mai tattaunawa marar ganuwa" saboda kasancewa sananne mai jin kunya ga kafofin watsa labarai.[2] Jaridar Wall Street ta bayyana shi a matsayin "mai magana mai ginawa". [3] A madadin haka, Yanis Varoufakis ya bayyana Chourialakis a matsayin kayan aiki ga gazawar tattaunawar farko ta Syriza, "[ya nuna] kansa da tawagarsa ba su da niyya kuma mai yiwuwa ba za su iya yin wani abu ba sai sake farfado da samfuran troika da tsinkaye". Varoufakis ya yi iƙirarin cewa Chouliarakis bai sanar da shi cewa an fara kirkirar takaddar da ke lissafin shawarwari (wanda Chouliarakes ya kawo shi kafin ma'aurata su gyara kuma daga baya suka rarraba shi) a Hukumar Tarayyar Turai. 'Yan jarida sun sami wannan lokacin da suke kallon kadarorin takardar, suna kunyatar da Varoufakis ta hanyar ba da ra'ayi cewa ya mika wuya. Varoufakis ya kuma yi iƙirarin cewa Chouliarakis ya yi watsi da sanar da shi game da lokacin da aka tsawaita biyan bashin, wanda ya sanya shi cikin mawuyacin matsayi. Ganin wadannan gazawar biyu, Varoufakis ya cire shi daga matsayinsa, ya yi imanin cewa yana cikin "rashin hankali" kuma cewa rashin amincewarsa "ba ta da kyau". [4]

## Manazarta
Marva Lee Pitchford-Jolly

**Marva Lee Pitchford-Jolly** (1937–2012) ƙwararriyar mai zane ce a fannin yumbu. An san ta da fenti, rubutu, da yumbu mai suna 'Stories Pots' wanda ke ba da labarin yadda ta girma a ƙauyen jihar Mississippi ta Amurka, da kuma wasu jigogi masu ban sha'awa. An kuma san ta da 'Abokan Zamantakewa' da kuma fuskokinta na laka a cikin sassaka na yumbu. Ta kafa taron raba albarkatun mata na mutanen Mud People's Black Women's Resource Workshop wanda, a shekarar 1987, ya rikide, tare da goyon bayan Felicia Grant Preston, ya zama Sapphire and Crystals Collective.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Pitchford-Jolly a Crenshaw, Mississippi, a ranar 11 ga Satumba, 1937, ga Mattie Louise Williams, mai gyaran gashi,  da Floyd Pitchford.  Tagwaye ne kuma ɗaya daga cikin yara takwas.  Iyayenta suna zaune a gonarsu kuma tun tana ƙarama, ta fara ƙera abubuwa daga laka bayan ruwan sama, don haka ta fara ƙwarewa a aikin yumbu na hannu tsawon rai.  Bayan mahaifiyarta ta mutu a 1948, mahaifinta ya ƙaura zuwa arewa tare da yaran don neman aiki kuma a 1951 dangin suka tafi Chicago, inda Pitchford-Jolly ta zauna har tsawon rayuwarta. 

## Ilimi da aiki
Pitchford-Jolly ta sami digirin BA a fannin Nazarin Birane a shekarar 1961 daga Jami'ar Roosevelt . [1] Ta kuma sami digirin MS a fannin Nazarin Kabilanci da Kimiyyar Siyasa a shekarar 1974 daga Jami'ar Jihar Gwamna . [2] Ta yi aiki a fannin tsara lafiya da ayyukan zamantakewa na tsawon wasu shekaru. [3] Ta halarci ajin farko na zane-zane a shekarar 1968 a Hyde Park Neighborhood Club. [4] An sallame ta a shekarar 1981 bayan an rage mata kuɗaɗen gwamnati [5] kuma ta yanke shawarar yin aikin fasaha. Bayan wasan kwaikwayo na farko da ta yi, an ba ta aikin koyarwa na zane-zane a Jami'ar Jihar Chicago inda, saboda rashin ƙwarewarta ta fasaha, ta fara koyo tare da ɗaliban. [5] [6] Daga baya ta zama Farfesa a fannin Fasaha a can. [7]

In 1986, Pitchford-Jolly was recognised as one of the Top Ten Emerging Black Chicago Artists. She featured in *Today's Chicago Woman* Magazine. She was artist-in-residence for the Lakeside Group in 1988. Later, her work was highlighted in the 2005 Chicago Woman’s Caucus for Art. In 2008, Pitchford-Jolly's pots were showcased in the 'Kindred Spirits' Exhibit at the Noyes Cultural Arts Center. She did a six-week residency, sponsored by the City of Chicago Artists Abroad program to work with potters in Zambia. She was Artist-in-Residence at New York University.

## Manazarta
Markus Farisa

**Mark Pharis** ƙwararren mai zane ne na yumbu kuma farfesa a Amurka.  Shi ne Shugaban Sashen Fasaha a Jami'ar Minnesota, inda ya kasance memba na malamai tun 1985.  Ya zuwa shekarar 2022, an naɗa shi memba na Majalisar Sana'o'in Amurka . 

## Tarihin rayuwa da zane-zane
Pharis ya yi karatun yumbu a Jami'ar Minnesota a ƙarƙashin Warren MacKenzie . Tsakanin 1971 da 1985, an ɗauki Pharis aiki a jami'o'i daban-daban, galibi a yankin Midwest na Amurka, a matsayin memba na malamai masu ziyara, maye gurbin hutu da kuma malamai na zaman bazara. A wannan lokacin, an nuna ayyukan Pharis a wasannin rukuni da na mutum biyu da kuma nunin mutum ɗaya. A shekarar 1985, Pharis ya zama farfesa a Sashen Fasaha a Jami'ar Minnesota, inda ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Sashen. 

Aikin Pharis sau da yawa yana amfani da yumbu don yin tasoshin aiki. [undefined] [1] Ayyukansa ana iya samun su a cikin tarin Gidan Tarihi na Victoria da Albert da ke Landan, Gidan Tarihi na Gardner da ke Toronto, Jami'ar Jihar Arizona da ke Tempe, Arizona, Tarin Ferguson, Cibiyar Zane-zane ta Kansas City, Tarin Woodman da ke Jami'ar Colorado Boulder, Gidan Tarihi na Everson, da Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Gundumar Los Angeles, da sauransu.

Pharis yana zaune a Roberts, Wisconsin .

## Manazarta
Polia Pillin

**Polia Pillin**, wacce aka haifa a **Sukonic** ko **Sunockin** (1 ga Satumba, 1909 - 25 ga Yuli, 1992), ta kasance mai yin ceramik ' yar asalin Poland-Amurka a ƙarni na 20. An haife ta a Częstochowa, Poland, a shekarar 1909, ta yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekarar 1924 ta zauna a Chicago, Illinois . A shekarar 1927, ta haɗu da wani baƙo ɗan ƙasar Ukraine William Pillin kuma ta auri shi. Sun zauna kusa da Albuquerque, New Mexico, daga 1936-1940; Chicago daga 1940-1948; kuma a ƙarshe Los Angeles, California, daga 1946 har zuwa mutuwarsu (William a 1985, Polia a ranar 25 ga Yuli, 1992).   

## Aiki
Polia ta yi amfani da dabarun engobe da glaze don ƙirƙirar zane-zane na tsakiyar ƙarni waɗanda aka zana a kan tukwane da aka jefa da hannu kamar tukwane, tukwane, faranti, kwano, da sauransu, tare da yawancin batutuwa da suka shafi mata, dawaki, kuliyoyi, kifi, da sauran dabbobi. [1] [2] Ta samar da mafi yawan ayyukanta daga ɗakin studio na gidanta, wanda ake kira Pillin Art Pottery Company, wanda aka kafa a garejin iyalin a Los Angeles. [3] [4] [1] Kayan ado na tukwane na Pillin galibi ana sayar da su akan $350–$4,000. [1]

## Jerin Manyan Nunin Nunin

* Ƙungiyar Fasaha ta San Francisco, 1939 
* Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, 1947, 1948 
* Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na San Francisco, 1948 
* Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Gundumar Los Angeles, 1948, 1950 
* Gidan Tarihi na Oakland, 1950 
* Bikin Baje Kolin Jihar California, 1951 (kyauta) 
* Baje kolin kayan yumbu, Gidan Tarihi na Willow a Greenwich Village, Birnin New York, Oktoba 1955 
* Nunin zanen yumbu, Circle in the Square Theatre a Greenwich Village, New York City, Oktoba 1955 
* Wanene Wanene a cikin Fasahar Amurka, 1940-1963 
* Nunin a Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Long Beach, Long Beach, California, 15 ga Nuwamba–6 ga Disamba, 1960 
* Nunin zane-zane na zane-zanen yumbu da na yumbu, Gidan Tarihi na Willow a Greenwich Village, Birnin New York, Satumba 28–Oktoba 28, 1961 

## Manazarta
Susan Peterson

**Susan Harnly Peterson** (21 ga Yuli, 1925, McPherson, Kansas – 26 ga Maris, 2009, Scottsdale, Arizona )  ƙwararriyar mai fasaha ce ta Amurka, malamar zane-zanen yumbu, marubuciya kuma farfesa.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Susan Annette Harnly a McPherson, Kansas a ranar 21 ga Yuli, 1925. A shekarar 1946 ta sami digirin farko a Kwalejin Mills da ke Oakland, California. A shekarar 1950 ta sami digirin farko a fannin zane-zane a Kwalejin Ceramics ta Jihar New York da ke Jami'ar Alfred . 

Peterson ya kafa shirye-shiryen yumbu a ƙungiyar Wichita Art Association, Chouinard Art Institute, Jami'ar Kudancin California, Makarantar Kiɗa da Fasaha ta Idyllwild, da Kwalejin Hunter . [1]

A tsawon aikinta, Peterson ta yi tafiya a faɗin Amurka don yin lacca game da yumbu da tarihin ci gabanta. Ta yi nazarin fasahar al'adun yumbu a duk faɗin duniya. Tana da sha'awar kowane fanni na tsarin ƙirƙira, sau da yawa tana ɗaukar makonni ko watanni tana lura da yadda mai fasaha ke rayuwa da aiki. Peterson ta ba da gudummawar kayan tarihinta da tarin yumbu ga Cibiyar Binciken Yumbu ta Jami'ar Jihar Arizona . 

Ita ce mai gabatar da shirin talabijin na farko na ilimi, *Wheels, Kilns, and Clay*, tare da shirye-shirye 54 waɗanda aka fara watsawa daga 1964-1965 a Los Angeles ta tashar CBS KNXT-TV Channel 2.  Daga baya, ta sake tsara shirin zuwa wani kwas na makonni 26 na karatu wanda za a iya ɗauka ta talabijin ta hanyar Kwalejin Ci gaba da Ilimi ta USC. Ana iya kammala shi don samun yabo ta hanyar kallo (misali na farko na koyo mai nisa daga kafofin watsa labarai) ko don ƙarin yabo ta hanyar halartar ƙarin tarurruka biyu na hannu da cin jarrabawa. An watsa kwas ɗin a 1968-69, 1970, da 1972. 

## Manazarta
Diana Pancioli

Diana Pancioli Kulisek, an haife ta a Detroit, Michigan, farfesa ce a fannin yumbu a Jami'ar Eastern Michigan kuma marubuciyar Extruded Ceramics wacce Sterling Publishing Co., Inc. ta wallafa a shekarar 1999. Tsohuwar shugabar Production ce a Pewabic Pottery da ke Detroit . Daga cikin ayyukanta na fasaha akwai baka na yumbu a Tashar Cibiyar People Mover Cadillac da ke Detroit. [1]

## Manazarta

*  
* Nawrocki, Dennis Alan and Thomas J. Holleman (1980). *Art in Detroit Public Places*. Wayne State University Press.

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
Duba zane-zane akan layi: http://www.dianapancioli.com
Grace Barnsley

**Emily Grace Davies** (née **Barnsley** ; 3 Oktoba 1896 &#x2013; 6 Maris 1975), wacce aka fi sani da **Grace Barnsley** ko **Grace Davies**, ƙwararren mai yin tukwane ne na Ingila.

An haifi Barnsley kusa da Cirencester, Gloucestershire . Mahaifinta shine mai ƙera gine-gine da kayan daki Sidney Barnsley, kuma ƙanenta shine mai zane Edward Barnsley . Grace ta koyi yadda ake fentin tukwane tun tana yarinya. Ita da ɗan'uwanta sun yi karatu a Makarantar Bedales sannan ta halarci Makarantar Fasaha ta Birmingham [1] Barnsley ta koyi yin ado da tukwane a tukwanen Louise da Alfred Powell kafin ta zama mai zane mai zaman kansa a Wedgwood . [2]

A shekarar 1926 ta auri Oscar Davies, wani jami'in sojan ruwa na 'yan kasuwa, kuma a shekarar 1934 suka ƙaura zuwa Rainham, Kent . Sun buɗe wani gidan shayi, inda suka kuma sayar da tukwane da Grace ta yi wa ado. 

A shekarar 1938 sun karɓi ginin tukwane na Upchurch na gida suka sake masa suna Roeginga Pottery. Roeginga shine sunan Romawa na Rainham.  Sun samar da nasu tukwane wanda Grace ta ci gaba da ƙawata shi. Duk da haka, an rufe waɗannan kasuwancin a lokacin barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu a 1939, kuma Grace ba ta sake yin fenti a fannin kasuwanci ba. 

Akwai samfuran ayyukan Grace Barnsley a gidan National Trust, Stoneywell, Leicestershire. 

## Manazarta
Kenneth Barden

**Kenneth Barden** (1924–1988) ƙwararren mai zane ne, mai zane-zanen bango, kuma mai zane a Burtaniya . Zane-zanen bango da aka yi da tayal da aka samu a waje da cikin gine-ginen gwamnati misalai ne na zane-zanen jama'a bayan yaƙi. Shi ne babban mai zane na masu ginin George Wimpey and Co. Ltd. a lokacin aikinsa.

## Aikin fasaha
Ya fi shahara da zane-zanen bango na zane-zanen jama'a bayan yaƙi.  Ya cancanci zama mai zane, inda ya zama Mataimakin Cibiyar Royal Institute of British Architects . A wani ɓangare na aikinsa, shi ne babban mai zane na masu ginin George. Wimpey and Co Ltd. 

A shekarar 1955, Hukumar Ruwa ta Hertfordshire da Essex ta ba shi aikin samar da wani zane mai kyau na yumbu a cikin wani gidan famfo da ke Sawbridgeworth wanda ke nuna hanyoyin famfo. 

A lokacin da yake aiki a George Wimpey and Co. Ltd, tare da JE Tyrrell, Babban Mataimakin Gine-gine na Majalisar Gundumar Gosport, Barden ne ke da alhakin ginin Seaward Tower da Harbour Tower, tubalan hasumiya guda biyu masu hawa goma sha shida da aka gina a shekarar 1963 a kan Esplanade da ke Gosport. An rufe saman tubalan hasumiyoyin da zane-zanen mosaic da Barden ya tsara waɗanda suka kai tsawon ƙafa 135 na gine-ginen. [1] Da farko sun kasance masu ce-ce-ku-ce amma yanzu sun zama abin jan hankali ga masu yawon buɗe ido. Carter da Co of Poole ne suka samar da tayal ɗin. [2]

Barden shi ma ya ɗauki nauyin zane-zanen bango guda biyu na yumbu a cikin wani wurin wanka na Halifax wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi daga rayuwar tafkin Burtaniya. Masu zane-zanen gundumar FH Hoyles da JL Berbiers ne suka tsara ginin kuma an buɗe shi a shekarar 1966.  Makomar waɗannan zane-zanen bango ta kasance cikin haɗari lokacin da aka gabatar da shawarar gina sabuwar cibiyar wasanni gami da wurin wanka na Halifax a shekarar 2017.  Wannan ya haɗa da rushewa, ko kuma yiwuwar amfani da ginin na 1966. An ƙi shawarar da aka bayar don a ba wa ginin matsayin gini mai kariya a shekarar 2020.  An rufe ginin a shekarar 2020 saboda annobar COVID-19 kuma ya lalace sosai sakamakon sanyi, gami da bangon zauren wanka da tayal na ciki, wanda ya haifar da rufewa na dindindin.  Zuwa shekarar 2024, an lalata ginin sosai. Zane-zanen bango na Barden har yanzu suna nan.  A watan Fabrairun 2025, Majalisar Calderdale ta sanar da cewa sakamakon wani bincike da aka yi kan bangon bangon ya nuna karaya a wasu tayal kuma duk wani yunƙuri na cire su zai haifar da ƙarin lalacewa. An gabatar da hotunan dijital na bangon bangon a matsayin hanyar haɗa wani abu daga ciki a cikin sabon ginin cibiyar nishaɗi.  Kafin daga baya a shekarar 2025, an ƙirƙiri rikodin dijital na bangon bangon kuma an shirya kammala rushe ginin kafin 2026. 

## Manazarta
Dorothy Marion Campbell

**Dorothy Marion Campbell** (11 Janairu 1911 a Hedon, Yorkshire – 3 Oktoba 2005 a East Riding na Yorkshire ) ƙwararren mai tukwane ne ɗan Ingila .

A farkon shekarar 1954, Marion ta amsa tallan Hornsea Pottery a cikin *Hull Daily Mail* na 'mai yin kayan kwalliya a cikin yumbu' kuma an gayyace ta ta yi aiki ga 'yan'uwan Rawson. Ta yi aiki daga gida, kuma ta ɗauki samfuran da ta kammala zuwa Hornsea Pottery a cikin bas.

Zane-zanenta na Hornsea, musamman siffofin Afirka da Arctic, furanni masu salo, karnuka, raƙuman raƙumi da kuliyoyi suna da matuƙar daraja daga masu tattarawa. Ana iya samun fox ɗin Arctic na 1956 [1] da fox ɗin Weasel [2] a cikin Gidan Tarihi na Ceramics na Gidan Tarihi na Victoria da Albert .

Ta zauna a East Riding na Yorkshire duk tsawon rayuwarta kuma ta rasu tana da shekaru 95.

## Manazarta
Richard Batterham

**Richard Hugh Neville Batterham** (27 Maris 1936 - 7 Satumba 2021) ƙwararren mai ginin tukwane ne ɗan ƙasar Birtaniya.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Richard Batterham a Woking kuma ya halarci Makarantar Bryanston da ke Dorset . Ya fara yin tukwane a can yana da shekaru 13. Malaminsa shi ne mai sassaka Donald Potter, wanda daga baya ya ƙulla abota ta tsawon rai. A ƙarshen shekarunsa na makaranta a 1954, Batterham ya riga ya san cewa yana son zama mai tukwane. Bayan aikinsa na soja, ya kammala koyon aiki tare da Bernard Leach a St Ives daga 1957. A can ne ya haɗu da matarsa ta gaba Dinah Dunn.  Ya kuma zama abokai da Atsuya Hamada, ɗan Shoji Hamada, wanda daga gare shi ya karɓi ƙafafun tukwane na Asiya wanda yake aiki da su tun daga lokacin. 

Bayan sun yi aure a shekarar 1959, Batterham da Dunn sun buɗe tukwanen su a Durweston, kusa da Blandford Forum (Dorset).  A shekarar 1966 an tsawaita tukwanen. Batterham ya yi aiki a can sosai har zuwa shekara 82. 

An nuna ayyukan Batterham a nune-nunen ƙasa da ƙasa da yawa,  ciki har da a Makarantar Ceramics ta Landshut, Jamus a 2008/2009. 

An fitar da wani fim na gaskiya daga cikin hotunansa mai suna *Richard Batterham, Master Potter* a shekarar 2017.  A shekarar 2019, an sake fitar da wani gajeren fim na gaskiya mai irin wannan mayar da hankali. 

Batterham ya mutu a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2021 a gidansa da ke Durweston. 

## Salo
Batterham ya yi aiki bisa ga al'adar Bernard Leach da Shoji Hamada, waɗanda daga baya aka ƙirƙiro kalmar ɗabi'a kuma hanyarsu ta samo asali ne daga ƙungiyar Mingei ta Japan. Manufar wannan motsi ita ce ƙwararren maƙeri wanda ba a san shi ba wanda ke samar da yumbu cikin sauri da sauri don amfanin yau da kullun kuma ta wannan hanyar yana ƙirƙirar fasaha ba tare da niyyar yin hakan ba. Saboda haka, Batterham ya ƙi sanya hannu kan jiragen ruwansa. Shi da kansa ya ga aikinsa galibi yana cikin al'adar Michael Cardew, ɗalibi na farko na Bernard Leach. [1]

## Manazarta
Roma Babuniak

**Roma Babuniak** (an haife ta a Ingila, 25 Maris 1952) mawaƙiya ce wacce aikinta ke da alaƙa da ƙashi  da kuma porcelain biskit mara gilashi. Tana zaune kuma tana aiki a Jamus da Faransa. Ta lashe kyaututtuka da kyaututtuka da yawa, a shekarar 1986, Gasar Ceramics ta Duniya ta 1 Mino, Japan, (Kyautar da aka ambata da girmamawa saboda nasarar da ta samu) da kuma Gasar Premio Diputacio da Valencia ta 1999; International BiennalManises, Museu de ceramik de Manises, Spain da sauransu.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Bayan kammala digirin Gidauniyar Fasaha daga Jami'ar Salford, wacce a da aka fi sani da Kwalejin Fasaha ta Salford daga 1971–73, Babuniak ta ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Sheffield Hallam wacce a da ake kira Sheffield School of Art and Design daga 1973-76 tana karatu a ƙarƙashin Farfesa Tony Franks, inda ta sami digirin farko a fannin zane-zane da sassaka, tare da Fim da Daukar Hoto a matsayin ƙarin fannoni a ƙarƙashin Farfesa Tom Ryall. 

Aikin Babuniak a matsayin ƙwararren mai fasaha ya fara ne a Arewacin Wales a shekarar 1980 lokacin da Majalisar Fasaha ta Welsh ta ba ta tallafin kuɗi don wani baje kolin kayan tarihi na kanta.  A shekarar 1981 ta ƙaura zuwa Jamus, inda take da ɗakin studio a Gmund am Tegernsee da ke Bavaria .

A shekarun 1980, an samu ci gaba da karɓuwa daga ayyukanta ta hanyar gidajen tarihi da nune-nune a Ingila, Jamus, Italiya, Faransa da kuma Japan. A shekarar 1992, Babuniak ta yi baje kolin "Encuentro"  tare da Carmen Sanchez da Lotte Reimers a Gidan Tarihi na Gonzalez Marti da ke Valencia, Spain. A shekarar 1999, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Premio Diputacio da Valencia a bikin cika shekaru biyu na duniya a Manises . A shekarar 2004, Babuniak ta sami kyautar L'Alcalaten a bikin cika shekaru biyu na duniya a L'Alcora, Spain. 

Zaɓen da aka yi a bikin baje kolin fasahar hannu na Chelsea, a Landan a shekarar 1988/89/92/95 ya sa ta haɗu da ƙungiyar British Arts Council 's Contemporary Applied Arts, wadda ta yi baje kolinta a shekarar 1994/95 da sauran masu tattarawa, ciki har da Sir John Makepeace da kuma nune-nunen kirkire-kirkire kamar a Pulbrook da Makarantar Westonbirt ta Gould da ke Landan. An sayi aikin don tarin a Gidan Tarihi na Victoria da Albert, London, kuma an baje kolin a Gidan Tarihi na Scottish da ke Edinburgh a ƙarƙashin mai kula da Amanda Game inda aka saya don Gidan Tarihi na Royal of Scotland, wanda yanzu ke ƙarƙashin kulawar Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa na Scotland . [undefined] An baje kolin ayyukan Babuniak a Mino da ke Japan, [1] inda aka yaba mata a nune-nunen ƙasa da ƙasa, da kuma a Kyoto. A shekarar 2005 an gayyace ta a matsayin mai fasaha a mazauninta zuwa Shigaki a Japan, kuma daga nan aka yi baje kolin kaɗaici, Cross-over, ƙarƙashin mai kula da Hiroshi Kawaguchi a Gidan Tarihi na Lambun Noritake da ke Nagoya .

## Manazarta
Kamfen na Estella

**Estella Campavias** (1918–1990) ƙwararriyar mai sassaka ce kuma mai gyaran yumbu ta ƙasar Birtaniya. An san ta da kayan dutse masu gilashi, kamar yadda aka nuna a Gidan Tarihi na Victoria da Albert .  

## Rayuwar farko
An haife ta a Istanbul, Campavias 'yar asalin Scotland ce da Sifaniya.  An rene ta a Turkiyya,  kuma ta yi tafiya a matsayin 'yar jami'in diflomasiyya.  Campavias, wacce ta koyar da kanta, ta fara shahara a matsayin mai yin yumbu, ta fara aikinta a shekarar 1955,  kafin ta fara zama mai sassaka a shekarun 1970. 

## Ayyuka
Zane-zanenta na zahiri suna ɗaukar siffar siffofi masu santsi, da alama suna motsi. [1] An nuna sassaken ta a Italiya, Faransa da Burtaniya. [1] Wasu daga cikin kayan aikinta: Kai (kimanin 1980), Reclining Figure (kimanin 1980) da La Joie de Vivre (1988) an nuna su, don siyarwa, a cikin Katalogin Fasaha na Wolseley Fine Arts na Zane-zane na Zamani da na Zamani. [2] A cikin 2013, an nuna wasu daga cikin ayyukanta da ba a gani a baya a bikin Glyndebourne tare da ayyukan Sean Henry da Michael Craig-Martin . [3] Roy Oppenheim ya bayyana ta a matsayin "ɗaya daga cikin masu sassaken da suka fi ban sha'awa a zamaninmu". [4] [3] An ajiye hoton Campavias, wanda Ida Kar ya ɗauka a cikin tarin National Portrait Gallery . [5]

## Manazarta
Natalie Bevan

**Natalie Alice Bevan** ( née Ackenhausen ; 22 Mayu 1909 15 ga Agusta 2007), ta kasance mai zane, mai tarihi, kuma mai tattara kaya ta Burtaniya. An kira ta, "ɗaya daga cikin mata mafi kyau da kwarjini a zamaninta". 

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haife ta Natalie Alice Ackenhausen a ranar 22 ga Mayu 1909 a 2 Pembroke Cottages, Edwardes Square, Kensington, London, babbar 'ya'ya uku ga Kurt Bernhard Heinrich Carl Ackenhausen (1878/79–1954), wani ɗan kasuwan yadi ɗan ƙasar Jamus, da matarsa, Alice Katherine Inchbold Ackenhausen, wacce aka haifa a shekarar 1964/65, mai zane-zanen littattafan yara.  A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, iyalin sun ɗauki sunan mahaifiyarta, Denny, kuma mahaifinta ya canza sunansa zuwa Court. 

## Sana'a
Mark Gertler ne ya zana ta lokacin tana da shekaru 19, wani hoton da aka yi a shekarar 1928 mai suna *Supper* . 

Ta kasance mai zane da kuma mai gyaran yumbu. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
A ranar 24 ga Agusta 1929, ta auri marubuciya kuma mai shirya shirye-shiryen rediyo da talabijin Lancelot de Giberne Sieveking (1896–1972), kuma sun haifi 'ya'ya mata biyu, mai zane Victoria Burroughs (1930–1988) da kuma mai ɗaukar hoto Anthea Sieveking (an haife ta a 1933).  An raba aurensu a 1939.

A ranar 11 ga Yuli, 1946, ta auri babban jami'in talla Bobby Bevan (1901-1974), ɗan masu zane Robert Polhill Bevan da Stanislawa de Karlowska, kuma suna zaune a Knightsbridge, London, da kuma a Boxted House da ke Boxted, Essex . [1] [2] A shekarar 1957, ta shiga cikin wani taron tattaunawa da Randolph Churchill, wanda ya ci gaba har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekarar 1968. [3] [4]

A ranar 26 ga Maris 1986, ta auri matukin jirgin ruwa kuma marubuci Samuel Barclay (1920–2000). 

## Rayuwa daga baya
Ta mutu a ranar 15 ga Agusta 2007, a Great Horkesley Manor, wani gidan kula da tsofaffi a Great Horkesley, kuma an binne ta a Cocin St Peter, Boxted, Essex . 

## Manazarta
Dora Billington

**Dora May Billington** (1890–1968) malamar Turanci ce ta tukwane, marubuciya kuma mai tukwane a studio . Aikinta ya binciko yiwuwar zane a kan tukwane . A matsayinta na shugabar sashen tukwane a Makarantar Fasaha da Sana'o'i ta Tsakiya da ke Landan (daga baya Makarantar Fasaha da Zane ta Tsakiya ), ta haɓaka ra'ayin yumbu a matsayin hanyar fasaha mai ƙarfin ƙirƙira mara iyaka. 

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haifi Dora Billington a cikin dangin masu tukwane a Stoke-on-Trent, musamman Tunstall . Daga 1905 zuwa 1910 ta halarci Makarantar Fasaha ta Tunstall sannan daga baya ta halarci Makarantar Fasaha ta Hanley, inda ta zama mataimakiyar malami a shekararta ta ƙarshe.  Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ado ga Bernard Moore, 1910-1912 sannan ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal (RCA) 1912-1916 da Makarantar Fasaha ta Slade.   A RCA ta yi karatu a sashen zane a ƙarƙashin WR Lethaby kuma Edward Johnston ya koyar da ita rubutun rubutu, Grace Christie ta koyar da aikin dinki da kuma Richard Lunn ta koyar da tukwane. Billington ya ci gaba da zama mai son dinki kuma marubuciya ce a kan yadi lokaci-lokaci. Lunn ya mutu a 1915 yana da shekaru kusan 75 kuma an nemi Billington ya karɓi ajinsa tare da John Adams (wanda daga baya ya jagoranci Poole Pottery ).  Ta koyar da tukwane a Makarantar Fasaha da Sana'o'i ta Tsakiya daga 1919 kuma ta bar RCA a 1925 lokacin da William Rothenstein ya naɗa William Staite Murray a matsayin mai koyar da tukwane. Yanayin tafiyarta har yanzu ba a fayyace shi ba. A wannan lokacin Rothenstein ya shafe shekaru biyar yana aiki, kuma duk da cewa ya goyi bayan aikin Billington, ya soki koyarwar tukwane da sauran sana'o'i a matsayin "ba su da gwaji kuma an samo su daga gare su. Babu wani ƙoƙari da aka yi akai-akai don magance fassarar duniyar zamani a cikin ƙira da aiwatarwa... aikin bincike don gano sabbin abubuwa da sabbin abubuwa, waɗanda ake iya gani a Nahiyar, da alama yana raguwa."  

A shekarar 1938 ta zama shugabar sashen a Makarantar Tsakiya, tare da taimakon Gilbert Harding Green. Koyarwarta ta jaddada muhimmancin gina hannu a matsayin matakin farko na aiki da yumbu amma ana sa ran dukkan ɗalibai su koyi yadda ake jefa ƙwallo a kan keke. Tana da ilimi mai zurfi game da fasahar gilashi da tarihin yumbu. Daga cikin ɗalibanta akwai Quentin Bell, [1] William Newland, Gordon Baldwin, Ruth Duckworth, Alan Caiger-Smith, Margaret Hine, Kenneth Clark, Ann Wynn-Reeves, Katherine Pleydell-Bouverie, Stella Rebecca Crofts, Ursula Mommens, Ray Finch da Valentinos Charalambous. [2] Ta yi ritaya daga aikinta a Makarantar Tsakiya a shekarar 1955 lokacin da Gilbert Harding Green ya zama Shugaban Sashen.

## Manazarta
Joan Brown (mai tukwane)

**Joan Brown** (ɗan Bruford; 1926 - 6 Maris 2016) ma'aikaciyar tukwane ce ta Burtaniya.  Ta kafa wurin aikin tukwanenta a shekarar 1967 a Richmond,  kuma ta yi fice a Birtaniya. An haife ta a Aberdeen kuma 'yar Gerda da Walter Bruford ce. Ta auri mai zane-zanen shimfidar wuri Michael Brown kuma ta yi aiki a kan ayyuka da dama ga masu gine-gine, ciki har da ƙirƙirar sassaka na ruwa don ƙirar lambun mijinta da ya nutse a cikin rufin Kwalejin Kiɗa ta Royal Northern da ke Manchester .   Ta kasance memba a ƙungiyar Craft Potters Association kuma ta nuna sau da yawa a cikin Shirin Kirsimeti na Royal Scottish Academy.

Ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Edinburgh (1945–49) kuma malamanta sun haɗa da John Maxwell da William Gillies . [1] Ta yi karatu a wani kwas na haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Kwalejin Fasaha ta Edinburgh da Jami'ar Edinburgh . Baya ga nazarin zane da zane, ta yi nazarin ka'idar da tarihin fasaha kuma ta sami digiri na MA daga Jami'ar Edinburgh. Daga baya ta yi karatun zane da zane a Makarantar Fasaha ta Tsakiya (yanzu Kwalejin Saint Martins ta Tsakiya ). Wannan wani ɓangare ne na wani kwas na haɗin gwiwa (1945–49) wanda ya haɗa da nazarin tarihi da ka'idar fasaha a Jami'ar Edinburgh, inda ta sami digiri na biyu, sannan ta biyo baya da darussan digiri na biyu a fannin zane da zane, na ƙarshe a Makarantar Fasaha ta Tsakiya da Sana'o'i da ke Landan (yanzu Kwalejin Fasaha ta Tsakiya da Zane ta Tsakiya).

## Manazarta
Susie Cooper

**Susan Vera Cooper** OBE (29 Oktoba 1902 - 28 Yuli 1995) ƙwararren mai zane ne na yumbu ɗan ƙasar Ingila wanda ke aiki a masana'antar tukwane ta Stoke-on-Trent daga shekarun 1920 zuwa 1980. 

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haife ta a Burslem, Staffordshire, ita ce ƙarama a cikin 'ya'ya bakwai. Tun tana ƙarama ta fara sha'awar zane, kuma ta fara karatunta na fasaha ta hanyar halartar azuzuwan dare a Makarantar Fasaha ta Burslem . A shekarar 1922 ta shiga kamfanin yin tukwane na AE Gray &amp;amp; Co. Ltd,  a matsayin wata hanya ta samun shiga Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal . Duk da haka, burinta ne ta yi watsi da shi yayin da ta yanke shawarar mai da hankali kan masana'antar tukwane a Stoke. 

A. Edward Gray ta gano baiwarta a matsayin mai zane da mai zane, kuma ba da daɗewa ba ta fara samar da zane-zanen furanni da aka zana da hannu. A shekarar 1923, AE Gray ta ƙaddamar da Gloria Lustre Range ta amfani da dabarar lustreware wadda ta taimaka wajen yin ado.  A shekarar 1929, saboda sha'awarta ta tsara siffofi na yumbu ban da kayan ado, ta rabu da surukinta Albert "Jack" Beeson don kafa kasuwancinta, a matsayin Susie Cooper Potteries.

Ta yi nasara sosai wajen ƙawata kayan da Harry Wood ya ƙirƙira har ta kafa kasuwancinta a masana'antarsa da ke Burslem a shekarun 1930. Kasuwancinta yana nan tsawon shekaru hamsin masu zuwa kuma abin mamaki a lokacin da mace ta jagorance ta. [1]

## Manazarta
Hans Coper

**Hans Coper** (8 Afrilu 1920  &#x2013; 16 Yuni 1981) ƙwararren mai zane ne na Burtaniya wanda aka haifa a Jamus. Ayyukansa galibi suna haɗuwa da na Lucie Rie saboda kusancinsu, duk da cewa ayyukansu da aka fi sani sun bambanta sosai, tare da Rie ba shi da sassaka, yayin da na Coper ya fi kama da na zahiri, amma kuma koyaushe yana aiki.  Coper koyaushe yana yin tasoshin aiki, galibi kwantena don furanni (tukwane), 'ya'yan itace (kwano), ko kyandirori (masu riƙe kyandir), gami da aiki a Coventry Cathedral da gidan taro na Jami'ar Sussex . Ya yi ƙaramin rukuni na Figures a cikin shekarun hamsin, waɗanda ba jiragen ruwa ba ne kuma ba a taɓa sayar da su ba.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Coper a Chemnitz, Jamus, kuma ya gudu zuwa Burtaniya a shekarar 1939. An tsare shi a matsayin baƙon abokin gaba, kuma an tsare shi a Kanada na tsawon shekaru biyu; bayan ya dawo Birtaniya a shekarar 1942, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ƙin yarda da aikinsa a cikin Rundunar Sojojin da ba ta Yaƙi ba .

A shekarar 1946, ba tare da wani gogewa a fannin tukwane ba, ya fara aiki a matsayin mataimaki a ɗakin studio na Lucie Rie .  Rie da Coper sun yi shayi da kofuna da miyar miya tare. Lokacin da ya tafi a shekarar 1958 don kafa ɗakin studio nasa a Digswell House da ke Hertfordshire, an riga an san shi da mai tukwane a matsayin nasa, yana gwaji da ƙarin siffofi masu ban mamaki waɗanda a lokacin ake ɗaukar su a matsayin mafiya fifiko. Saboda nasarar aikinsa, ya ci gaba da zama babban mutum a cikin ƙungiyar tukwane ta studio na ƙarni na 20. A cikin shekarun 1960 ya koyar da tukwane a Makarantar Fasaha ta Camberwell da Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal . Ya mutu a Frome, Somerset a shekarar 1981 sakamakon cutar amyotrophic lateral sclerosis .

Coper yakan yi amfani da dabarar tukwane wajen yin aikinsa, sannan ya gyara ya haɗa shi da hannu don ya cimma siffar da aka gama. Saboda haka, duk da cewa an yi shi a kan dabaran, aikinsa yana da inganci na sassaka, amma koyaushe yana aiki. Saman tukwanensa galibi suna da laushi da launi mai kama da oxides, musamman manganese oxide . Tukwanensa na musamman suna ɗaukar siffofi masu kama da juna wanda ya kira Spade, Bud, Cup, Egg, Flower and Arrow.

An nuna ayyukan Coper sosai kuma an tattara su har ma a rayuwarsa. A yau, ana samun su a cikin tarin manyan gidajen tarihi a duniya, ciki har da Gidan Tarihi na Metropolitan, Gidan Tarihi na Victoria da Albert, Gidan Tarihi na Fundatie, Cibiyar Sainsbury da ke Norwich ta Burtaniya, da kuma Gidan Tarihi na York, da kuma a cikin tarin kayan tarihi na sirri a duk duniya. Daga cikin ayyukansa da aka fi sani akwai saitin kyandirori shida masu tsawon ƙafa bakwai a kan babban bagadi a Coventry Cathedral, wanda aka ƙaddamar a 1962. 

## Manazarta
Felicity Aylieff

**Felicity Aylieff** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1954, Edlesborough, Bedfordshire, Ingila) ƙwararriyar mai zane ce ta yumbu, mai tukwane kuma mai koyarwa 'yar Birtaniya, wacce ta shahara da manyan ayyukanta na porcelain da kuma haɗin gwiwarta na dogon lokaci tare da bita na porcelain a Jingdezhen, China.  Ita Farfesa ce a fannin Ceramics & Glass a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal, London.  Ana gudanar da ayyukanta a cikin tarin kayayyaki na kamfanoni masu zaman kansu da na jama'a da dama na ƙasashen duniya, ciki har da Gidan Tarihi na Victoria da Albert, London da Gidan Tarihi na Fine Arts, Boston, Amurka. 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Bath 1972-8 (zane mai girma uku, yumbu) inda ta sami digiri na girmamawa na First Class [1] . [2] Ta kammala shekarar koyarwa ta digiri na biyu a Kwalejin Goldsmiths a 1978-79. [2] Daga 1993 zuwa 1996, ta gudanar da bincike na MPhil a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal, tana mai da hankali kan haɗa gilashi da porcelain a cikin jikin yumbu, a ƙarƙashin wani aiki mai taken The Elusive Body. [2]

## Sana'a
Bayan karatun digiri na biyu, Aylieff ta riƙe mukamai daban-daban na koyarwa: a Makarantar Bedales (1979–82), a matsayin malamar ziyara a cibiyoyi kamar Jami'ar Loughborough, Jami'ar Glasgow, Kwalejin Goldsmiths da Jami'ar Cardiff ; mataimakiyar malamar a Kwalejin Ilimi ta Bath; sannan daga 1989 zuwa 2001 a matsayin malamar cikakken lokaci a Jami'ar Bath Spa .  A shekara ta 2001 ta shiga Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal, ta zama Babbar Malama a shirin Ceramics & Glass.  An sanya ta a matsayin Fellow na Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal a 2008.  A shekara ta 2019, ta janye daga shugabancin yau da kullun don mai da hankali kan bincike da ayyukanta; tana riƙe da muƙamin Farfesa, Ceramics & Glass da Research.  Ayyukanta sun kasance a bayyane a Burtaniya da kuma na duniya a cikin nunin kai kaɗai da na rukuni.  Manyan nune-nunen sun haɗa da *Ji da Fahimta* (2002, Gidan Tarihi na Manchester City, Bath, Cumbria) , *Daga China* (One Canada Square, Canary Wharf, London) , *Aiki zuwa Girma* , *Sabon Aiki: Juyin Halitta* , da *Bayyanar da Shuɗi: Monumental Porcelain* a Gidan Tarihi na Fasahar Tsirrai na Shirley Sherwood, Lambunan Kew (2024-2025).  Adrian Sassoon, London ne ya wakilci Felicity Aylieff. 

## Manazarta
Glyn Colledge

Glyn Colledge (1922–2000) ƙwararren mai zane ne na tukwane na Ingila. Colledge ya fara aiki da Kamfanin Tukwane na Denby a watan Yulin 1938, yana karatu a Makarantar Fasaha ta Burslem a ƙarƙashin Gordon Forsyth a lokaci guda. [1] [1] Ya yi aiki a Hukumar Ceto Teku ta RAF a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu . Bayan haka Colledge ya koma Denby a matsayin mai zane mai horo, wanda mahaifinsa Albert Colledge, wanda shine darektan ƙira a tukwane ya koyar. Ya kasance ɗalibi na ɗan lokaci a sashen tukwane na Kwalejin Fasaha ta Derby daga 1946 zuwa 1956, daga baya ya zama malami na ɗan lokaci a can kuma a Kwalejin Ilimi ta Ilkeston. [1] A tukwane, Colledge ya sami ɗakin studio wanda mai zane na Austria Alice Teichtner ke amfani da shi a da. A nan ya ƙirƙiri "Glyn Ware", wanda aka siffanta shi da zane-zane na ganyen da ke biye. Domin guje wa hauhawar harajin siye akan tukwane na ado, an ba wa kayan bayanin aiki, kuma an sanya hannu kan kowace kayan ta hanyar Kwalejin don a sanya ta a matsayin tukwane na studio. [1]

Colledge ta yi ritaya da wuri daga Denby a shekarar 1983. 

## Manazarta
Joanna Constantinidis

**Joanna Constantinidis** née **Connell**, (12 Disamba 1927 - 1 Agusta 2000) ƙwararren mai ginin tukwane ne na Ingila da kuma mai zane-zanen yumbu.

## Tarihin Rayuwa

An haifi Constantinidis a York kuma ta girma a Sheffield inda ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Ecclesfield tsakanin 1939 da 1945 kafin ta karanci zane a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Sheffield har zuwa 1949.   A Sheffield an gabatar da ita ga aikin tukwane da yumbu kuma a 1951 ta zama malamar koyar da tukwane a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Chelmsford, wacce daga baya ta zama wani ɓangare na Cibiyar Ilimi Mai Girma ta Essex .  Wannan matsayin, wanda ta riƙe har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a farkon shekarar 1989, ya ba Constantinidis damar yin gwaji da haɓaka salonta da ƙwarewar fasaha.  A wani lokaci ta ƙirƙiro sabbin hanyoyin jifa, harbawa da kuma yin gilashi.  

A farkon shekarun 1950, Constantinidis ya nuna wasu misalai na gargajiya na tukwane, waɗanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare su daga kayan masana'antu da kayan kwalliya na Staffordshire, tare da Red Rose Guild da Cibiyar Sana'o'in Burtaniya amma a ƙarshen shekarun 1950, ayyukan Lucie Rie da Hans Coper suka yi tasiri a kansu suka canza salonta. [1] Tana aiki a wani situdiyo da ta kafa a Great Baddow, ta samar da ƙira masu sauƙi tare da rage kayan ado bisa ga wasu siffofi na asali. [2] Ta ƙirƙiro hanyoyi masu kyau don samar da aikin da ke jaddada tsarki da jituwa na siffa da ado. [3] A shekarun 1970, tukwanenta ya zama sassaka kuma sau da yawa ana sake yin tukwanenta sosai ta hanyar yankewa da naɗewa bayan an ƙirƙira su a kan ƙafafun tukwanenta. [1]

A cikin shekarun baya na rayuwarta, Constantinidis ta samar da dogayen silinda da kwano bisa ga layuka masu sauƙi masu kyau. A cikin shekarunta na ƙarshe, ta ƙirƙiri wasu tukwane masu kyau da kuma kayan tebur na porcelain. A farkon shekarar 2000, ta kamu da bugun jini amma ta sami damar kammala aikin baje kolin kaɗaici da aka gudanar a Gidan Tarihi na Victoria da Albert a watan Mayu na wannan shekarar.  Baya ga Gidan Tarihi na Victoria da Albert, tarin kayan jama'a da yawa suna ɗauke da misalan ayyukanta, ciki har da Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani na Ƙasa da ke Kyoto .   A shekarar 1978, Constantinidis ta lashe lambar yabo a baje kolin kayan yumbu na duniya na Premio Faenza, kuma a shekarar 1995, Jami'ar Derby ta shirya wani baje kolin ayyukanta na baya-bayan nan.  

## Manazarta
Norman Carling

**Norman Carling** (1902–1971) ƙwararren mai zane ne/mai ƙira a fannin tukwane na Ingila, wanda ya ƙirƙiri adadi mai yawa na samfuran Art Deco kuma ya shiga tukwane na Maling a 1935 daga kamfanin AJ Wilkinson, wani kamfani wanda shi ma ya ɗauki Clarice Cliff aiki. Shi ne ke da alhakin ƙirar kayan ado na Maling na shekarun 1930 mai suna *"Blossom Time"* .  Carling yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun masu ƙira da ke aiki a Maling a shekarun 1930, sauran biyun sune Miss Theo Maling da Lucien George Boullemier. 

Carling ya kuma gabatar da zane-zane masu sauƙi ga zane-zanen Maling, wanda hakan ya ba da tasirin taɓawa ga zane-zanen furanni. An yaba wa kayan zane-zanen Maling na zane-zanen fasaha saboda sheƙi mai haske. [1]

## Manazarta
Michael Casson

**Michael Casson** OBE (2 Afrilu 1925 - 12 Disamba 2003) an haife shi a Landan, ƙwararren mai zane ne na Ingila, wanda ake kira "mai girmamawa da kwarjini". 

Ya yi karatun zane-zane da aikin katako a Kwalejin Shoreditch, da kuma tukwane a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Hornsey, [1] kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar masu tukwane ta Craft Potters Association, wata ƙungiya da ta mallaki shago da gidan tarihi a tsakiyar London a shekarar 1958. [2]

A shekarar 1976, Casson ya ƙirƙiro kuma ya gabatar wa BBC wani shiri mai suna "The Craft of the Potter" wanda ya ƙunshi nunin faifai da tattaunawa game da fasahar tukwane.  An san shi da tukwane da zane-zanen studio. Ayyukansa suna cikin gidan tarihi na V&amp;amp;A na Landan. 

## Duba kuma

* Gine-ginen studio tukwane

## Manazarta
Michael Cardew

**Michael Ambrose Cardew** CBE (1901–1983), ƙwararren mai ginin tukwane ne ɗan Ingila wanda ya yi aiki a Yammacin Afirka tsawon shekaru ashirin.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Cardew a Wimbledon, Landan, ɗa na huɗu ga Arthur Cardew, ma'aikacin gwamnati, [1] da Alexandra Kitchin, 'yar fari ga George William Kitchin, [2] Chancellor na farko na Jami'ar Durham. Iyalinsa suna da gidan hutu a North Devon, inda Arthur Cardew ya tattara tukwanen ƙasa na Devon. Cardew ya fara ganin wannan tukwanen da Edwin Beer Fishley ke yi a Fremington Pottery kuma ya koyi yin tukwane a kan ƙafa daga jikan Fishley, William Fishley Holland.

Ya sami tallafin karatu don karanta littattafan Classics a Kwalejin Exeter, Oxford . Ya riga ya shagala da tukwane, ya kammala karatunsa da digiri na uku a shekarar 1923. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

== Gadar St Ives da Wenford ==
Cardew shi ne ɗan koyo na farko a Leach Pottery, St Ives, Cornwall, a shekarar 1923.  Ya yi sha'awar yin slipware tare da Bernard Leach kuma tukwanen Shoji Hamada sun yi masa tasiri. A shekarar 1926 ya bar St Ives don sake fara Girki Potteries a Winchcombe da ke Gloucestershire. Tare da taimakon tsohon babban mai jefa ƙwallo Elijah Comfort da Sidney Tustin mai shekaru goma sha huɗu, ya fara sake gina tukwanen da suka lalace. Cardew ya yi niyyar yin tukwanen tukwane a cikin al'adar slipware ta Ingila ta ƙarni na 17, masu aiki da araha ga mutanen da ke da matsakaicin kuɗi. Bayan wasu gwaje-gwaje, an yi tukwanen tukwane da yumbu na gida kuma an harba su a cikin murhun kwalba na gargajiya. Charlie Tustin ya shiga ƙungiyar a shekarar 1935, sai Ray Finch ya biyo baya a shekarar 1936, wanda ya sayi tukwanen daga Cardew a shekarar 1946 kuma ya yi aiki a can har ya mutu a shekarar 2012. Yanzu ana kiran tukwanen da Winchcombe Pottery . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

## Manazarta
Harry Garner

**Sir Harry Mason Garner** KBE CB FRAeS (3 Nuwamba 1891 - 7 Agusta 1977) ƙwararren masanin sararin samaniya ne na Burtaniya wanda kuma ya shahara a matsayin ƙwararre kan, kuma mai tattara, yumbu na gabas.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Garner yana ɗaya daga cikin maza uku maza da 'ya mace ɗaya. Babban ɗan'uwansa, William Edward (1889-1960) an haife shi a Hugglescote da ke Leicestershire kuma ya zama ƙwararre a fannin abubuwan fashewa. Ɗan'uwansa Frederic Horace (1893-1964) ya zama farfesa a fannin sinadarai. Harry ya yi karatu a Makarantar Sashen Grammar ta Market Bosworth da Kwalejin St John, Cambridge . Ya yi aiki a gwamnatin Burtaniya kan fannin sararin samaniya yana jagorantar wata ƙungiya a Felixstowe kan harkokin jiragen sama na ruwa kafin ya zama babban masanin kimiyya a Ma'aikatar Kayayyaki . 

A halin yanzu, ya zama ƙwararren masani kuma mai tattara fasahar Gabas. Ya fara ne da tattara faranti shuɗi da fari na ƙasar Sin, sannan ya rubuta kan kayan lacquer na ƙasar Sin, musamman lacquer da aka sassaka, sannan ya buga a kan waɗannan da sauran batutuwa. A shekarar 1954 ya gane cewa faranti biyu da aka sani yanzu da David Vases a matsayin faranti shuɗi da fari ɗaya tilo da aka sani a ƙarni na sha huɗu a lokacin. [1] Garner da matarsa sun ba da gudummawar kayan daki. [2] Abokin Sir Percival David ne. Dukansu sun ba da gudummawa mai yawa ga Gidan Tarihi na Burtaniya . Daga cikin tarin Garner akwai giwayen Kakiemon . [3]

## Daraja
An naɗa Harry Garner a matsayin CB a bikin tunawa da ranar haihuwar Sarki a shekarar 1948  kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta KBE a bikin tunawa da sabuwar shekara ta 1951.  Sir Harry Garner shine mutum na ƙarshe da Sarki George na VI ya ba shi lambar yabo. Ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar Royal Aeronautical Society .

## Manazarta

* GARNER, Sir Harry Mason, *Wanene Wanda*, A & C Black, 1920–2015; editan kan layi, Oxford University Press, 2014
* Sir Harry Harner (bayan rasuwarsa), *Jaridar The Times*, London, 10 ga Agusta 1977, shafi na 16