A. Oveta Fuller

**Almyra Oveta Fuller** (Agusta 31, 1955 - Nuwamba 18, 2022) farfesa ce ta farko a fannin ilimin ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma ilimin rigakafi a Makarantar Likitanci ta Jami'ar Michigan .  Ta yi aiki a matsayin darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka (ASC), malami a Shirin ASC STEM a Jami'ar Michigan (UM) da kuma farfesa mai taimako a Makarantar Nazarin Tauhidi ta Payne . Fuller ƙwararriyar masaniyar ƙwayoyin cuta ce kuma ƙwararriya ce a fannin bincike kan ƙwayar cutar Herpes simplex, da kuma HIV/AIDS . Ta yi ƙoƙari sosai don kawar da tatsuniyoyi game da cutar HIV da COVID-19.  Fuller da ƙungiyar bincikenta sun gano wani mai karɓar B5,  suna haɓaka fahimtar ƙwayar cutar Herpes simplex da ƙwayoyin da take kai hari.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Fuller a ranar 31 ga Agusta, 1955, a Mebane, North Carolina . Deborah Woods Fuller, mahaifiyarta malami ce kuma mahaifinta Herbert R. Fuller ne ke kula da gonar iyali.  Fuller ta girma kusa da Yanceyville, North Carolina .   Tun tana ƙarama, ilimin halittu ya burge ta tun tana ƙarama. Ta yi mamakin yadda kakarta ta warke da sauri daga cizon moccasin na ruwa bayan ta sha maganin hana ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda maganin gubar maciji ne. Duk da cewa cizon macijin kakarta ya taimaka mata wajen yaba wa ilimin halittu, akwai kuma malaman ilmin halittu guda biyu, Ms. Elam da Mr. Majette waɗanda suka ba ta kwarin gwiwa.  Duk da cewa mai ba ta shawara ya gaya mata cewa ba za ta yi nasara ba, ta dage ta halarci makarantar da ta fi so.  Bayan kammala karatunta a Makarantar Sakandare ta Bartlett Yancey, ta sami tallafin karatu na Aubrey Lee Brooks a Jami'ar North Carolina da ke Chapel Hill, inda ta sami digiri na farko a fannin ilmin halitta a shekarar 1977. Fuller ta ci gaba da karatunta a Jami'ar North Carolina da ke Chapel Hill don kammala karatun digirinta na uku a fannin ilmin kwayoyin halitta da kuma ilimin garkuwar jiki a shekarar 1983. 

## Aikin ilimi
A shekarar 1983, Fuller ta halarci Jami'ar Chicago don samun digiri na uku a fannin karatun digiri na uku. [1] A shekarar 1988, ta zama mataimakiyar farfesa a sashen Microbiology da Immunology a Makarantar Likitanci ta Jami'ar Michigan ; a shekarar 1995, an kara mata matsayi a matsayin farfesa mai aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar farfesa. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar farfesa a Cibiyar Lafiya ta Duniya, Shirin STEM, da Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka a Jami'ar Michigan . Ta kasance farfesa mai aiki a fannin Microbiology da Immunology a Makarantar Likitanci da kuma malamai a Shirin STEM na Nazarin Afirka a Jami'ar Michigan .

## Bincike da wallafe-wallafe
Binciken Fuller wanda ya fara a matsayin jami'ar digiri na biyu kuma ya ci gaba da yin irin waɗannan batutuwa, ya mayar da hankali kan gano hanyoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na yadda ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa ke shiga da kuma kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta.  Musamman, dakin gwaje-gwajenta yana nazarin cututtukan herpes da ƙwayoyin cuta na HIV/AIDS. Tana da sha'awar fahimtar hanyoyin shigar ƙwayoyin cuta da kamuwa da cuta da wuri, kamar hanyoyin haɗa membrane.  Lab ɗinta wani ɓangare ne na haɗin gwiwa tare da injiniyan sinadarai da masu binciken kwayoyin halitta na ɗan adam don haɓaka fasahar microchip don hanyoyin gano ƙwayoyin cuta da wuri, sauri, da araha. 

Littattafan da ta fi ambato, waɗanda suka dogara da aikinta a lokacin da take digiri na biyu a dakin gwaje-gwaje na Spear, sune:

* Fuller AO, Spear PG. Kwayoyin rigakafi na anti-glycoprotein D waɗanda ke ba da damar sha amma suna toshe kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar ƙwayar cuta ta herpes simplex 1 suna hana haɗuwar ƙwayoyin cuta na virion a saman tantanin halitta. Takardun Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Ƙasa. 1987 Agusta 1;84(15):5454-8. A cewar Google Scholar, an ambaci sau 321 
* Fuller ya taimaka wajen gano yadda kwayar cuta da ba ta da gD ba ta da alaƙa da ƙwayoyin cuta fiye da ƙwayoyin cuta da ke ɗauke da gD.
* Fuller AO, Santos RE, Spear PG. Magungunan rigakafi masu rage ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke da alaƙa da glycoprotein H na ƙwayar cutar herpes simplex suna ba da damar haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta zuwa ƙwayoyin cuta amma suna hana shiga. Journal of virology. 1989 Agusta;63(8):3435-43. A cewar Google Scholar, an ambaci sau 251 

Littattafan da ta fi ambato sun dogara ne akan aikin da ba na kanta ba, amma akan wannan batu, sune :

* Fuller AO, Lee WC. Shigar da kwayar cutar Herpes simplex nau'in 1 ta hanyar tarin hulɗar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin halitta yana buƙatar ayyuka daban-daban na gD da gH a cikin shigar ciki. Journal of virology. 1992 Agusta;66(8):5002-12. A cewar Google Scholar, an ambaci sau 198 
* Fuller AO, Lee WC. Shigar da kwayar cutar Herpes simplex nau'in 1 ta hanyar tarin hulɗar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin halitta yana buƙatar ayyuka daban-daban na gD da gH a cikin shigar ciki. Journal of virology. 1992 Agusta;66(8):5002-12. A cewar Google Scholar, an ambaci sau 171 

## Sauran ayyuka
Fuller ta yi aiki tare da shirin Trusted Messenger Intervention (TMI) don ɗaukar taimakon shugabannin addinai na gida don magance rashin daidaiton lafiya tare da mai da hankali kan gwajin HIV/AIDS, rigakafi, da magani.  Ta yi nasarar aiwatar da wannan shirin a cikin al'ummomi a Zambia da Amurka kuma kwanan nan ta gabatar da shirye-shirye a wasu ƙasashe, ciki har da Liberia inda aka mayar da hankali kan cututtuka masu yuwuwa kamar HIV/AIDS da cutar Ebola . 

Fuller fasto ce a Cocin Bethel African Methodist Episocopal da ke Adrian, Michigan.  Ta kasance mai ba da shawara kan kimiyya a Cocin AME na duniya kuma memba na malamai a Makarantar Tauhidi ta Payne, tana koyar da kwas ɗin ilmin halitta kan HIV/AIDS.

Aikin Fuller a fannin ilimin cututtuka ya ba ta damar bayar da gudummawa ga ci gaba da amincewa da alluran rigakafi bayan barkewar cutar COVID-19 a shekarar 2020. 

A shekarun 2020 da 2021 ta kasance memba a kwamitin ba da shawara kan allurar rigakafi da kayayyakin halittu na Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna .   

## Lambobin yabo da karramawa
A shekarar 1983, an ba ta lambar yabo ta National Technical Association Service Award, Anna Fund Postdoctoral Award, da kuma Thornton Professional Achievement Award. A shekarar 1987, an kuma ba ta lambar yabo ta Ford Foundation kuma a shekarar 1992 an ba ta lambar yabo ta NSF Career Advancement Award. Sauran kyaututtukan sun haɗa da Mace ta Shekara a Hulɗa da Dan Adam ta Jami'ar Michigan Task Force (1998)  hidimarta tare da lambar yabo ta Distinguished Service Award a Microbiology and Ministry daga Missions Society, AME, lambar yabo ta Robert Smith Community Service "Humanitarian Award," kuma an haskaka tarihin rayuwarta a cikin "Distinguished African American Scientists of the 20th Century" (Kessler, Kidd, and Morin, Oryx Press, Phoenix, AZ, 1996).  A shekarar 2012, ta sami kyautar Fulbright US Scholar Program. A watan Janairun 2013, ta fara bincike na tsawon watanni tara a yankin Copperbelt da ke Zambia,  wanda aikinta ya mayar da hankali kan kawo bayanan likitanci cikin al'ummomi ta hanyar shugabannin addinai na gida. A lokacin hutun hutu a shekarar 2006, Dr.Fuller ta yi tafiya zuwa ƙasashen Afirka da dama, ciki har da Botswana, Afirka ta Kudu da Zambia don taimaka wa membobin limaman coci su fahimci ilimin da ke tattare da cutar HIV da AIDS da kuma yadda za su taimaka wajen ilmantar da limamansu game da tasirin tasirin cutar AIDS a cikin al'ummominsu.  A shekarar 2022, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Regents' Award for Distinguished Public Service ta Jami'ar Michigan, wadda ke ba da lada ga ayyukan hidimar jama'a waɗanda suka shafi koyarwa da bincike, kuma suna nuna ƙwarewar ƙwararru da ilimi,  da kuma lambar yabo ta Sarah Goddard Power Award ta jami'ar, wadda ke ba da lada ga mutanen da suka bayar da gudummawa mai yawa ga inganta mata ta hanyar jagoranci, malanta ko wasu hanyoyi a rayuwarsu ta sana'a. 

Yanzu gadonta ya ci gaba da tallafawa wasu mata da *kyautar A. Ovetta Fuller,* wadda ke tallafawa ɗalibai masu tasowa waɗanda suka sadaukar da kansu don samun ci gaba a fannoni na rashin daidaiton lafiya, cututtuka masu yaɗuwa, ko ilimin ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma ilimin rigakafi. 

## Manazarta