Allan McLane

**Allan McLane** (8 ga Agusta, 1746 - 22 ga Mayu, 1829) ya kasance jami'in Sojojin Continental a lokacin Yaƙin Juyin Juya Halin Amurka . An nada shi a matsayin Marshal na farko na Amurka na Delaware a shekara ta 1789, kuma a matsayin Mai karɓar Kwastam na Port of Wilmington a shekara ta 1797. 

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Allan McLane a ranar 8 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 1746, a Philadelphia .  Mahaifinsa, ɗan kasuwa ne wanda aka haifa a Scotland, ya yi hijira daga tsibirin Coll zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 1738.

McLane ya yi tafiya zuwa Turai a matsayin saurayi daga 1767 zuwa 1769, yawon shakatawa a nahiyar kuma ya ziyarci dangi a Scotland. Daga baya, a cikin 1774, ya zauna kusa da Smyrna, Delaware, don fara kasuwancin kasuwanci.

A watan Yulin 1775, ya canza rubutun sunan danginsa zuwa McLane; a baya an rubuta shi McLean ko Maclean .  Canjin, ya rubuta, an yi shi ne don kauce wa rikicewa tare da "Scot mai ridda" na wannan sunan wanda ke aiki a cikin sojojin Burtaniya. 

## Juyin Juya Halin Amurka
McLane ya yi aiki a cikin Sojojin Continental a lokacin yakin juyin juya hali . A shekara ta 1775, ya kasance mai sa kai a yakin Great Bridge kusa da Norfolk, Virginia, inda 'yan bindiga na Virginia suka kori wani hari na Burtaniya. Ya kasance daya daga cikin jami'an Amurka na farko da suka yi zargin amincin Benedict Arnold. Ya shiga rundunar Kaisar Rodney ta Delaware a matsayin mataimakin, kuma ya yi yaƙi a yaƙe-yaƙe na Long Island, White Plains, Princeton, da Monmouth . 

Ya yi amfani da mafi yawan dukiyar da ya gaji bayan mahaifinsa ya mutu don tallafawa kamfaninsa, yana ba da biyan kuɗi da kayan aiki ga sojojin. A lokacin yakin Philadelphia, a cewar masanin tarihi Christopher Ward:

A watan Disamba na shekara ta 1777, a cikin gwagwarmaya tare da 'yan Birtaniya uku a kusa da Philadelphia, Kyaftin McLane ya kashe daya, ya ji wa wani rauni, kuma ya tilasta na uku ya gudu. Gamuwa ta zama batun zanen James Peale.

A lokacin sansanin Sojojin Continental a Valley Forge a cikin 1778, McLane ya jagoranci jam'iyyun neman abinci. Shi da mutanensa sun yanke tafiye-tafiyen Burtaniya kuma sun dauki shanu.

A watan Yulin 1779, an haɗa McLane da kamfaninsa zuwa Lee's Legion, tare da McLane don yin umurni da sojan ƙasa. McLane ya yi aiki a karkashin umurnin Manjo "Light-Horse Harry" Lee a yaƙe-yaƙe na Stony Point da Paulus Hook, amma tashin hankali tsakanin McLane da Lee ya sa Washington ta aika McLane da kamfaninsa zuwa Charleston, South Carolina, don ƙarfafa Janar Benjamin Lincoln.

Bayan da Birtaniya ta kama Charleston a watan Maris na shekara ta 1780, McLane ya zo karkashin umurnin Baron von Steuben, wanda ke taimakawa Janar Nathanael Greene a yakin Kudancin. Ya koma arewa, kuma an ba shi izini zuwa matsayi na manyan a shekara ta 1781. 

A watan Yunin shekara ta 1781, McLane ya tashi a kan *Majalisa* ta Amurka don ɗaukar sakonni daga George Washington zuwa Count Paul na Grasse, wanda ke Cap-François, Haiti, yana umurni da rundunar sojojin Faransa. Bayan ya shawo kan de Grasse ya kawo rundunarsa zuwa Chesapeake Bay, McLane ya koma New Jersey a watan Satumbar shekara ta 1781.   A kan hanya, ya umarci Marines na *Majalisa* a lokacin kama HMS Savage, jirgin yaki na Burtaniya.  

McLane ya ci gaba da aiki ta hanyar Yakin Yorktown, yana binciken motsi na sojojin Burtaniya zuwa kudu daga Birnin New York,  da kuma kama siginar sojan ruwa masu zaman kansu na Burtaniya.  Ya bar sojoji a ƙarshen shekara ta 1781. 

## Ayyukan bayan yaƙi
McLane ya kasance wakili a taron Delaware wanda ya tabbatar da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Amurka a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1787.  Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Privy, kuma a matsayin Alkalin Kotun Common Pleas ta Delaware .

George Washington ne ya nada shi a matsayin Marshal na farko na Amurka na Delaware a ranar 26 ga Satumba, 1789,  kuma ya yi aiki har sai da ya yi murabus a shekara ta 1797.  A wannan lokacin, daga Oktoba 1791 zuwa Janairu 1793, ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Kakakin Majalisar Dattijai ta 16 ta Delaware .

A shekara ta 1797, Washington ta nada McLane a matsayin Mai Karɓar Kwastam na Port of Wilmington, matsayi mai fa'ida wanda ya ba da kuɗin shiga daga kwace kayan smuggling. A matsayinsa na sananne kuma mai aminci mai aminci, McLane ya sami goyon baya mai ƙarfi daga James A. Bayard, wanda ya ba shi damar ci gaba da matsayi duk da hauhawar Thomas Jefferson zuwa shugabancin a 1801.

McLane ya ci gaba da nadinsa a karkashin shugabannin jam'iyyun siyasa guda biyu, a cikin gwamnatin Andrew Jackson, kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa mutuwarsa a ranar 22 ga Mayu, 1829, yana da shekaru 83. 

## manazarta