Karuwanci a Ghana

**Yin karuwanci a cikin Ghana** haramtacce ne amma ya zama gama gari, ta yadda yawancin 'yan Ghana ba su san cewa an hana shi ba. Akwai yawon shakatawa na jima'i, karuwancin yara da fataucin mutane.. Yawan rashin aikin yi da talauci a Ghana ana tsammanin sune suka haifar da haɓaka cikin masana'antar jima'i.rk. A high percentage of sex workers are vulnerable to HIV. Rashin aikin yi shine dalilin da yasa matasa ke aikin jima'i. Yawancin masu yin jima'i suna da saukin kamuwa da cutar kanjamau.

Wasu karuwai a Ghana suna kamfen don a halatta cinikin karuwanci, kuma an tattauna.

Tsohon Firayim Minista na Ghana, Dokta Kofi Abrefa Busia, masanin kimiyyar zamantakewar jama'a na Oxford, ya rubuta labarin kan karuwanci "Rahoton bincike kan zamantakewar jama'a na Sekondi-Takoradi."

## Dubawa
An san karuwai a Ghana a cikin gida kamar *"ashawo", "toutou"* (wanda aka samo daga 'shillings biyu, pence biyu'; karuwar da ba ta da lada mai yawa) ko "*maame-i-dey*". Akwai gidajen karuwai a yawancin garuruwa, birane da tashar jiragen ruwa ta Ghana. Sau da yawa waɗannan suna cikin ɗakunan ajiya na wucin gadi ko tsofaffin ɗakunan ajiya, wasu kuma suna haɗe da sanduna. An san karuwai da ba sa aiki a gidajen karuwai ko . Mazaunan suna aiki daga gida, suna zaune a ƙofar kuma suna kiran abokan ciniki. Idan suna tare da abokin ciniki sai su rage labule a ƙofar. Kujeru gabaɗaya suna aiki a wani yanki na gari, suna ƙirƙirar ƙaramar gundumar haske. Gabaɗaya sun kasance tsoffin mata ko zawarawa.

Masu yawo sun zama mata matasa kuma suna aiki akan tituna, sanduna da otal-otal. "Matukan jirgi", galibi direbobin tasi, suna aiki a matsayin masu shiga tsakani tsakanin mata da kwastomomi a otal-otal. Yawancin lokaci suna samun kuɗi daga ɓangarorin biyu. Suna kuma taimaka wa mata su shiga otal-otal saboda yawancinsu babu matan da ke mulki. Hakanan ma'aikatan otal ɗin na iya karɓar rashawa don barin matan su shiga. 

Matan suna fuskantar tashin hankali lokaci-lokaci daga kwastomomin, ko yawanci ƙi biya. Ma'aikatan otal na iya yin amfani da su.

Tun da aka fara aikin hakar mai a shekarar 2011, karuwanci a tashar jirgin ruwa ta Takoradi ya karu sosai saboda shigowar ma'aikatan mai.

UNAIDS ta kiyasta akwai karuwai 52,000 a cikin kasar.

## Karuwancin namiji
Yawaitar yawan karuwanci a cikin Ghana ya tashi a hankali tsawon shekaru amma ba a faɗi abubuwa da yawa game da shi ba saboda yanayin da yake ɗauka. Yin karuwanci ya fi yawa a cikin yankuna masu zuwa kamar su Tesano, Adabraka, Osu, Accra da Paloma a Accra. Karuwai maza suna yin asirin a matsayin mata saboda luwadi ba laifi bane a Ghana kamar yadda tsarin mulki ya tanada. Ayyukan waɗannan karuwai galibi maza ne ke tallata su a cikin manyan aji waɗanda ke da isassun kayan aiki don yin hankali game da ayyukan jima'i. Wannan yana haifar da ƙarin haɓaka mai dacewa cikin farashin yin luwadi da 'yan luwaɗi idan aka ba da wadataccen wadatar waɗannan karuwai.

## Aiwatarwan Doka
Aiwatarwan doka tana da sauyi, kuma akwai wasu lokuta da ake takaita karuwai. Jami’an tsaro suna cin zarafin karuwai. A cikin binciken da aka yi a duk gari da birane 26, sulusin karuwai sun ba da labarin matsalolin 'yan sanda. Waɗannan sun haɗa da tsoratarwa, kwace, barazanar da hare-hare. Da yawa sun ba da rahoton cewa dole ne su yi lalata da jami'an don kauce wa hukunci.

A cikin binciken da aka gudanar a 2007 na jami'an tsaro 251, 15% sun yarda cewa sun nemi yin jima'i saboda rashin gurfanar da karuwai da aka kama.

'Yan sanda da' yan siyasa wani lokacin ana ba su cin hanci ko sanya baki don rufe ido.

## Yawon shakatawa na Jima'i
Ghana ta kafa kanta a matsayin matattarar yawon shakatawa ta jima'i daga yawon bude ido na yamma. Irin wannan yawon bude ido ya jawo hankulan mutane ta hanyar laulayi dokokin kasar game da kiyaye yara da kuma rashin bin doka. Karuwanci yara yana ƙaruwa matsala ce da girlsan mata ke da rauni da yara maza kaɗan.

## Cinikin Jima'i
An sami karuwai 'yan Vietnam a Ghana a biranen Tema da Takoradi da ke gabar teku. Wani dan jaridar Ghana mai bincike Anas Aremeyaw Anas ya gano cewa an yi fataucin matan Vietnam ne zuwa Ghana da nufin karuwanci. Wata mace ‘yar Vietnam wacce ake kira Hanh ce ta dauki karuwai‘ yan Vietnam karuwai a cikin watan Yulin 2013. Kudin da kwastomominsu suka biya a Ghana ya kai dalar Amurka 100 a cikin awa daya. Karuwai sun yi aiki daga gidan karuwai a cikin gidan baƙuwar Jang Mi a Takoradi. Shekarun matan sun kasance daga 25 zuwa 35.

Mata da 'yan mata daga China, Najeriya, Cote d'Ivoire da Burkina Faso suma ana fataucin su zuwa Ghana don karuwanci.

Ofishin Gwamnatin Amurka na Kula da Yaki da Fataucin Mutane ya sanya Ghana a matsayin kasa ta 'Tier 2'.

## Duba kuma

* Karuwanci a Afirka

## Manazarta