Pedro L. Alonso

**Pedro L. Alonso** (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Maris, 1959, a Madrid, Spain ), likita ne, masanin cututtuka,  kuma mai bincike kan cututtukan da ke shafar al'ummomin da ke fama da rauni. Dangane da tsarin da aka tsara, aikinsa ya fi mayar da hankali kan zazzabin cizon sauro, kodayake ya kuma yi nazarin wasu cututtuka masu yaduwa. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Daraktan Shirin Zazzabin Cizon Sauro na Duniya a Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya tsakanin 2014 da 2022, kuma a halin yanzu Farfesa ne na Lafiya ta Duniya a Kwalejin Likitanci da Kimiyyar Lafiya-Asibiti, a Jami'ar Barcelona .

## Ilimi da sana'ar ƙwararru
Pedro Alonso ya kammala karatunsa na sakandare a Kwalejin Duniya ta Atlantic .   Bayan ya sami digirinsa na likitanci a Jami'ar Madrid mai zaman kanta a shekarar 1984, Pedro L. Alonso ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin cututtukan da suka shafi cututtuka masu yaduwa a Makarantar Tsafta da Magungunan wurare masu zafi ta London . Daga nan ya sami digiri na uku a fannin likitanci a Jami'ar Barcelona . Shi ma kwararre ne a fannin Magungunan Al'umma da Lafiyar Jama'a ta Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Spain.

Aikinsa na ƙwararru ya fara ne a ƙasar Gambiya a shekarun 1980. An binciko ingancin gawarwakin mutane da aka yi wa magani da maganin kwari (ITNs) sannan aka yi nazari kan kimiyya kan ingancin gawarwakin da aka yi wa magani da maganin kwari (ITNs) a matsayin kayan aikin rigakafi kan cutar maleriya. A lokacin, amfanin irin waɗannan gidajen sauro ya kasance abin cece-kuce, kuma wallafa sabbin sakamako a cikin *The Lancet*  ya kasance mai matuƙar muhimmanci ga ƙaddamar da bincike na gaba da ke tabbatar da kimantawa ta farko. Dangane da wannan shaidar, WHO ta ba da shawarar amfani da ITNs a matsayin kayan aikin sarrafa vector, a matsayin ginshiƙi a yaƙi da maleriya. An kiyasta cewa shirye-shiryen rarrabawa na ITNs masu yawa na iya ɗaukar alhakin kashi 69% na miliyan 663 na kamuwa da cutar maleriya da aka hana a ƙasashen Saharar Afirka tsakanin 2001 da 2015. 

Bayan ɗan gajeren zama a Instituto de Parasitología "López Neyra", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, da ke Granada, Spain, Pedro L. Alonso ya zauna a Barcelona a shekarar 1991 don jagorantar Sashen Cututtuka da Nazarin Halittu a Asibitin Asibiti, wata cibiya da zai ci gaba da kasancewa tare da ita tsawon fiye da shekaru 20 kuma inda ya ƙirƙiri kuma ya jagoranci Cibiyar Lafiya ta Duniya - irinta ta farko a wani asibitin jami'a na Spain.

A lokacin da yake Barcelona, ya haɓaka haɗin gwiwarsa na farko a ƙasashen duniya, musamman tare da Cibiyar Lafiya ta Ifakara ( Tanzaniya ), inda tare da Dr. Marcel Tanner, ya yi aiki a fannin tantance allurar rigakafin zazzabin cizon sauro SPf66. Tare da haɗin gwiwar Dr. Clara Menéndez, Pedro L. Alonso ya faɗaɗa fagen bincikensa don haɗawa da rigakafin zazzabin cizon sauro ga yara 'yan ƙasa da shekara 1, kimanta sabbin dabarun yaƙi da zazzabin cizon sauro kamar magani na lokaci-lokaci ga yara da mata masu juna biyu, asalin cutar rashin jini, da kuma nazarin ƙarin abubuwan da ke haifar da mutuwa da cututtuka a cikin yaran Afirka, gami da cututtukan numfashi mai tsanani da gudawa.

Tare da goyon bayan Asibitin Asibiti da Jami'ar Barcelona, ya kafa Cibiyar Binciken Lafiya ta Duniya ta Barcelona (CRESIB) a shekarar 2006. A cikin wannan cibiyar ya yi ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukansa, gudunmawar da ya bayar ga ci gaban asibiti da kuma kimanta tasirin sabuwar allurar rigakafin zazzabin cizon sauro: RTS,S. Tare da haɗin gwiwar Cibiyar Binciken Lafiya ta Manhiça da ke Mozambique, ya aiwatar da shaidu biyu na ra'ayi waɗanda suka tabbatar da ingancin allurar a karon farko ga jarirai  da yara 'yan shekara 1-4.  Waɗannan sakamakon sun buɗe ƙofa ga kimantawa daga baya da kuma gwajin asibiti na Mataki na 3 da aka gudanar a cibiyoyin bincike na Afirka 11. A ƙarshe, wannan allurar ta sami kimantawa mai kyau daga Hukumar Magunguna ta Turai, a cikin 2015,  yayin da manyan kwamitocin ƙwararru a WHO suka ba da shawarar a fara amfani da ita, tun daga shekarar 2018, a cikin shirye-shiryen gwaji a ƙasashen Afirka uku. 

Baya ga ayyukansa na bincike a fannin kimiyya, Pedro L. Alonso ya sadaukar da kai sosai wajen sauƙaƙe ci gaban ƙwarewar bincike a Afirka, da kuma horar da sabbin masana kimiyya a Spain da kuma ƙasashe masu tasowa. Ya jagoranci rubuce-rubucen digirin digirgir guda 24 a fannoni daban-daban, kama daga ilimin halittu na asali, ilimin cututtuka, kimanta sabbin hanyoyin shiga tsakani ko haɓaka magunguna da alluran rigakafi don cututtukan numfashi da gudawa, HIV, tarin fuka da maleriya .

Dangane da ƙirƙirar cibiyoyi, harsashin Cibiyar Bincike ta Lafiya ta Manhiça (CISM) a Mozambique yana da matuƙar muhimmanci. An ƙaddamar da CISM a shekarar 1996 dangane da yarjejeniyoyin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Mozambique da Spain, CISM tana karɓar kuɗi daga Hukumar Haɗin Kan Ƙasashen Duniya ta Spain. Pedro L. Alonso shine darektan kimiyya na CISM daga 1996 zuwa 2008, shekarar da aka keta ikon mallakar cibiyar zuwa wata cibiya ta Mozambique gaba ɗaya: *Fundaçao Manhiça* . Tsawon shekaru da dama, CISM ta kasance ita kaɗai cibiyar Afirka da ke da tsarin sa ido kan alƙaluma kuma ta fara nazarin asibiti a Afirka. An ba CISM lambar yabo a shekarar 2008 tare da lambar yabo ta Príncipe de Asturias don Haɗin Kan Ƙasashen Duniya, tare da wasu cibiyoyi uku na Afirka.

Wannan aikin ya haifar da kafa Cibiyar Lafiya ta Duniya ta Barcelona (ISGlobal), wanda shi ma ya yi aiki a matsayin babban darakta na farko. ISGlobal tana da niyyar karya mummunan da'irar talauci da cututtuka tare da hanyar haɗin gwiwa wacce ke fitar da ilimi da aiwatar da shi ta fannoni kamar Horarwa, Manufofi, da Ci Gaban Duniya. A matakin ƙasa da ƙasa, Pedro L. Alonso ya shiga, tare da Dr. Fred Binka, wajen ƙirƙirar Haɗin gwiwar Gwaji na Asibiti na Turai da Ƙasashen Masu tasowa, wani aiki na haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ƙasashen Turai da Afirka da nufin haɓakawa da ba da kuɗaɗen haɓaka sabbin kayan aiki don yaƙi da zazzabin cizon sauro, tarin fuka da HIV.

Sakamakon wani sauyi da ya sanya kawar da cutar maleriya a matsayin wani abu da al'ummar duniya suka cimma matsaya a kai, Pedro L. Alonso ya jagoranci, tare da Dr. Marcel Tanner, shirin Bincike na Kawar da Maleriya (malERA) wanda ya ayyana bincike da buƙatun ci gaba na gaba don kawar da cutar maleriya. An buga sakamakon maleERA a cikin 2011  a cikin PLoS Medicine kuma ya haifar da ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar kimiyya ta Kawar da Maleriya (MESA). 

Tsakanin Oktoba 2014 da Maris 2022, Pedro L. Alonso shi ne Daraktan Shirin Zazzabin Maleriya na Duniya a WHO, kuma shi ne ke da alhakin daidaita ƙoƙarin da ake yi na shawo kan cutar zazzabin cizon sauro da kuma kafa ƙa'idodi, jagororin fasaha da manufofi don tallafawa ƙasashen da wannan cuta ta shafa.

Bayan fannin zazzabin cizon sauro, Pedro L. Alonso, Ciro de Quadros, da Christopher Elias sun jagoranci Kwamitin da ya ƙirƙiro Tsarin Aiwatar da Allurar Rigakafi na Duniya, wanda Majalisar Lafiya ta Duniya ta amince da shi a shekarar 2012. Dr. Alonso ya kasance memba na kwamitocin ƙwararru da dama a WHO, Tarayyar Turai, Magunguna don Cutar Malaria Venture, TDR ko Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Spain, da sauransu.

## Matsayin da ake ciki a yanzu
Pedro L. Alonso a halin yanzu Farfesa ne na Lafiya ta Duniya a Kwalejin Likitanci da Kimiyyar Lafiya-Asibiti, a Jami'ar Barcelona .

## Littattafai da kyaututtuka
Pedro L. Alonso yana cikin jerin "manyan marubuta 20" da aka fi ambato a fannin zazzabin cizon sauro  kuma yana cikin jerin mutane 50 mafi tasiri a fannin allurar rigakafi. 

A tsawon aikinsa, ya buga labarai sama da 350 kuma ya sami kyaututtuka, daga cikin kyaututtukan, Grand Cross of the Civil Order of Health (Ma'aikatar Lafiya, Spain), Red Cross da Red Crescent Golden Medal (Barcelona, Spain), Josep Trueta medal ( Generalitat of Catalonia, Spain), Balmis Award (Ma'aikatar Tsaro, Spain), Ronald Ross Medal ( London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK), BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award (Spain), da kuma Carlos IV (Royal National Academy of Medicine, Spain). Shi memba ne na Duniya na Ƙungiyar Magungunan Tropical and Hygiene ta Amurka .

Tun 2008, Pedro L. Alonso Farfesa ne na Kiwon Lafiyar Duniya a Jami'ar Barcelona kuma ya ba shi Doctor Honoris Causa ta Universidad Europea de Madrid da Universidad Rey Juan Carlos

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Pedro L. Alonso yana auren Clara Menéndez, wata ƙwararriyar mai bincike kan cutar zazzabin cizon sauro a lokacin daukar ciki. Suna da 'ya'ya uku, Yara, Miguel da Sofía.

## Manazarta