Maida Springer Kemp

**Maida Springer Kemp** ( née Stewart ; 12 ga Mayu, 1910 - 29 ga Maris, 2005) ta kasance mai tsara ayyukan kwadago ta Amurka wacce ta yi aiki sosai a masana'antar tufafi don inganta matsayin aiki ga maza da mata a Amurka ta hanyar Local Union 22. An kuma san ta da aikinta mai yawa a Afirka a AFL–CIO . Ana yi mata lakabi da "Mama Maida", ta shawarci sabbin ƙungiyoyin kwadago, ta kafa shirye-shiryen ilimi da horo, da kuma yin hulɗa tsakanin shugabannin ma'aikata na Amurka da Afirka. A shekarar 1945, ta yi tafiya zuwa Ingila a wata tafiya ta musayar aiki, da kuma lura da yanayin Birtaniya da yaƙi ya daidaita, za ta zama ɗaya daga cikin mace 'yar Afirka ta farko da ta wakilci ma'aikatan Amurka a ƙasashen waje. Ta kuma kasance mai himma a cikin ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin jama'a, kuma ta yi fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata a duk faɗin duniya. Ta kasance mai himma sosai a cikin waɗannan ƙungiyoyin tsawon mafi yawan rayuwarta.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Springer Maida Stewart a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 1910, a Panama, ga Harold da Adina Stewart. Mahaifinta baƙo ne ɗan ƙasar Barbadi wanda ke aiki a kan aikin Panama Canal .   Tana da shekaru bakwai, ta ƙaura tare da iyalinta zuwa Harlem, New York, inda ta halarci Makarantar Katolika ta St. Mark. Iyayenta sun sake su jim kaɗan bayan haka, kuma mahaifiyarta mai himma a siyasa ta rene ta. Gidan Stewart wuri ne na taruwa ga masu fafutuka da membobin ƙungiyar inganta al'adun Negro ta Universal Negro (UNIA), waɗanda labaran abubuwan da suka faru da su game da wariyar launin fata suka yi tasiri mai ɗorewa ga Springer. Henrietta Vinton Davis, wacce ta kafa UNIA, ta kasance abin ƙarfafa gwiwa a matsayinta na mace mai fafutuka. 

Springer ta halarci Makarantar Horarwa da Masana'antu ta Matasa Masu Launi a Bordentown, New Jersey, tsakanin 1923 da 1926, inda Lester Granger da William H. Hastie suka koyar da ita.  Ta auri Owen Springer a 1927. Ma'auratan sun ji wahalhalun da suka sha a lokacin Babban Mawuyacin Halin Kunci ; an haifi ɗanta Eric Springer a 1929. Aikin Owen Springer a matsayin ƙwararren ma'aikacin kayan aikin haƙori ya yi jinkiri sosai kuma albashinsa ya ragu. Daga nan Maida Springer ta yanke shawarar fara aiki a masana'antar tufafi. 

## Sana'a

A shekarar 1933, ta haɗu da A. Philip Randolph, wanda ya zama aboki kuma mai ba da shawara na tsawon rai. A wannan shekarar ta shiga ƙungiyar masu gyaran tufafi ta Local 22 ta ƙungiyar ma'aikatan tufafi ta duniya (ILGWU). Haɗin gwiwar Local 22 ya haɗa da Jay Lovestone .  Chris Zimmerman ya ga mahimmancin samun tagomashi tare da sauran ƙungiyoyin mutane. A matsayinsa na manajan Local 22, ya taimaka wa Springer ya tashi a cikin ƙungiyar.  Haɗin gwiwar Springer da sabon shugaban ƙungiyar David Dubinsky da aka zaɓa ya fara wani sauyi wanda zai tsara rundunar ma'aikata ta Amurka zuwa yadda take a yau. Franklin D. Roosevelt da Dokar Farfaɗo da Masana'antu ta Ƙasa sun ba wa masu goyon bayan ƙungiyar ƙarin sarari don haɓaka da yaɗa saƙonsu. ILGWU ta shiga yajin aiki a shekarar 1933 don neman ingantattun yanayi da albashi. Dubinsky da abokan aikinsa sun yi fafutuka don samun mafi ƙarancin albashi da kuma makonnin aiki na sa'o'i. Membobin ƙungiyar sun haura zuwa kusan membobi 200,000 a ƙarshen 1934. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

A lokacin 1934–1942, Springer ta kasance ma'aikaciya mai aiki tukuru a Local 22. Ba wai kawai ta shiga cikin hukumomin zartarwa da na ilimi ba, har ma ta kasance wakiliyar shago kuma tana ganawa da shugabannin masana'antu kuma tana daidaita farashi don yin adalci ga ma'aikata. [1] Ta ɗauki darussan da Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Amurka (AFL), Cibiyar Ci gaban Jama'a ta Wellesley, da Makarantar Ma'aikata ta Hudson Shore ke bayarwa. [2] Daga baya ta zama wakilin shago na ILGWU, kuma daga ƙarshe ta hau kan mukamin kwamitin zartarwa da kwamitin ilimi. [3] Baya ga batutuwan ma'aikata, Local 22 ta shiga cikin ayyukan kare haƙƙin jama'a a cikin al'ummar Harlem. [4]

## Manazarta