Bayan Nuwayhed

**Bayan Nuwayhed** (Arabic; an haife ta a shekarar 1937 mutuwa 12 ga yuli, 2025) ƴar jaridar Palasdinawa ce, masaniyar kimiyya, Tarihi kuma memba ta Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Falasdinu (PLO). Tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan masana tarihi na Falasdinu  kuma ita ce marubuciyar littafin da ake kira *Sabra da Shatila: Satumba shekara ta dubu daya da Dari Tara da tamanin da biyu*.  Bayan Nuwayhed ya sami lambar yabo ta Kudus ta 2015 don al'adu da kirkire-kirkire a kasashen Larabawa.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
Nuwayhed was born in Jerusalem in 1937. Her mother, Jalal Salim, was a poet. Her father, Ajaj Nuwayhed, was a Lebanese origin Druze and one of the cofounder of the Arab Independence Party. She had three sisters and a brother. They lived in the Upper Baq'a neighbourhood of the city. The family had to leave Jerusalem on 26 April 1948, and she, her mother and her siblings went to Lebanon shortly after the Nakba. Later they settled in Amman, Jordan.
## Sana'a
Bayan kammala karatunsa daga École Normale Supérieure a shekarar 1956, Nuwayhed ya yi aiki a matsayin malami a makarantar Sakina Bint al-Hussein da ke Amman. A wannan lokacin, ta shiga jam'iyyar Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, wadda ka'idojinta suka dace da nata na Pan-Arabism. Tare da dokar da aka kafa a Jordan a cikin bazara na 1957, ayyukanta a cikin jam'iyyar dole ne su kasance cikin sirri. Tun da Jordan ba ta da jami'a har yanzu, ta shiga Jami'ar Damascus don karatun ilimi. Don haka, a lokacin da take yawan tafiye-tafiye zuwa Siriya, ta aika da sakonni daga gungun 'yan ta'adda' 'yan ta'adda a cikin sojojin Jordan zuwa ga gungun 'yan gwagwarmayar Ba'ath daga Jordan da sauran kasashen Larabawa da ke Damascus. A cikin 1959, mahaifinta ya yanke shawarar cewa iyalin za su ƙaura zuwa Lebanon na dindindin, inda ya mallaki wani tsohon gida a Ras al-Matn. Daga nan ta shiga Jami'ar Lebanon ta Beirut don yin karatun digiri na farko a fannin shari'a da kimiyyar siyasa. A farkon shekarun 1960, Nuwayhed ta fara aikin jarida, inda ta rubuta kasidu ga mujallar Duniya al-Mar'a (Duniyar Mata), wadda 'yar uwarta, Noura Nuwayhed Halawani ta buga, tare da Edvick Shayboub a matsayin edita. Wannan aikin ya ba ta damar saduwa da marubuta da mawaƙa na Lebanon da Larabawa da yawa, kamar Nizar Qabbani, Nazik al-Malaika, Fadwa Tuqan, Badawi al-Jabal, da Youssef al-Khal. A cikin bazara na shekarar 1960, Nuwayhed ta canza aiki ta zama edita a mujallar al-Sayyad, inda ta ci gaba da zama har zuwa 1966. A nan kuma, a ofishin mai gidanta, Said Freiha, ta hadu da mawaki Said Aql, wanda ya rubuta shafi na mako-mako ga mujallar, da kuma marubuci Emily Nasrallah, wadda ta ba da gudummawarta; da sauri su biyu suka zama abokai. Tun da juyin juya halin Aljeriya shi ne ummul haba'isin al'ummar Larabawa 'yan kishin kasa a wancan lokacin, Nuwayhed ya buga kasidu goma sha bakwai a kan wannan batu a cikin shekara guda, mafi yawansu a cikin al-Sayyad, saura kuma a cikin littafin al-Anwar na yau da kullun (wanda gidan mawallafin Sayyad ya buga). A wani bangare na aikinta a al-Sayyad, ta gudanar da hirarraki da jiga-jigan Larabawa masu ilimi da siyasa da dama, ciki har da masu ra'ayin kishin kasa na Larabawa Sati' al-Husari da Zaki al-Arsuzi, fitaccen mai fafutuka na Moroko Mahdi Ben Barka, da shugaban Aljeriya Mohamed Khider, da Ambasada Ali Kafi, wanda ya zama shugaban kasa.

## Manazarta