Ueda Akinari

**Ueda Akinari** or **Ueda Shūsei** (, July 25, 1734 in Osaka &#x2013; August 8, 1809 in Kyoto) was a Japanese author, scholar and *waka* poet, and a prominent literary figure in 18th-century Japan. He was an early writer in the *yomihon* genre and his two masterpieces, *Ugetsu Monogatari* ("Tales of Rain and the Moon") and *Harusame Monogatari* ("Tales of Spring Rain"), are central to the canon of Japanese literature.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife shi ga karuwan Osaka kuma mahaifin da ba a san shi ba, Ueda ta kasance cikin shekara ta hudu ta hannun wani hamshakin attajiri wanda ya rene shi cikin jin dadi kuma ya ba shi ilimi mai kyau. Tun yana yaro ya kamu da rashin lafiya mai tsanani da cutar sankarau, kuma ko da yake ya tsira, an bar shi da nakasassun yatsun hannu biyu. A lokacin rashin lafiya, iyayensa sun yi addu'a ga allahn Kashima Inari Shrine, kuma Ueda ya ji cewa wannan allahn ya shiga tsakani kuma ya ceci rayuwarsa. A cikin rayuwarsa ya kasance mai ƙarfi ga allahntaka, kuma wannan imani yana da alama yana sanar da muhimman abubuwa na wallafe-wallafensa da ƙwararrun karatunsa kamar shahararren aikinsa, tarin labaran fatalwa mai suna *Ugetsu Monogatari* . 

Ya gaji kasuwancin mai da takarda na dangin Ueda lokacin da mahaifinsa ya rasu. Sai dai shi ba hamshakin dan kasuwa ba ne, kuma ya yi asarar sana’ar a sakamakon gobara da ya yi da ita cikin rashin jin dadi tsawon shekaru goma. A wannan lokacin, ya buga labarai masu ban dariya da yawa a cikin salon *ukiyo-zōshi*, wanda a zahiri aka fassara shi da "tatsuniyoyi na duniya masu iyo".

Daukar wutar a matsayin damar barin duniyar kasuwanci, Ueda ta fara karatun likitanci a karkashin , wanda baya ga koyar da Ueda likita ya kuma koya masa labarin almara na Sinanci. A cikin 1776 ya fara aikin likitanci kuma ya buga *Ugetsu Monogatari* . Wannan aikin ya sanya Ueda tare da Takizawa Bakin a cikin fitattun marubutan *yomihon* - sabon salo wanda ke wakiltar babban canji a ayyukan karatu daga sanannen almara da ya zo gabansa. 

Baya ga almara nasa, Ueda ya shiga fagen bincike da aka fi sani da *kokugaku*, nazarin ilimin falsafa da adabin Jafananci na gargajiya. *Kokugaku* sau da yawa ana kwatanta shi ta hanyar kin tasirin kasashen waje kan al'adun Japan, musamman yaren Sinanci, Buddha da Confucianism . Ueda ya ɗauki matsayi mai zaman kansa sosai a cikin waɗannan da'irori, kuma ƙaƙƙarfan takaddamarsa mai ƙarfi tare da babban malamin ƙungiyar, Motoori Norinaga, an rubuta shi a cikin tattaunawa ta ƙarshe *[[Kagaika]]* (*呵刈葭*1787-1788). Wasu suna jayayya cewa Ueda ta kuma yi nasarar magance wannan rikici a cikin labarai kamar wadanda suka fito a *Ugetsu Monogatari* ta hanyar fara labaransa da suka ginu kan labaran kasar Sin da kuma maganganun dabi'u da tunani, sannan kuma ya gabatar da tunanin kasar Japan ta hanyar yin kira ga abubuwan da ba su dace ba da kuma sanya halayensa su ji zurfi. motsin rai (kamar yadda ya saba wa dogaro da Sinawa kan hankali ).

A cikin shekarun bayan mutuwar matarsa a shekara ta 1798 ya fuskanci makanta na wucin gadi, kuma ko da yake daga baya gani ya koma idonsa na hagu daga wannan lokacin ya zama dole ya jagoranci yawancin rubuce-rubucensa. A wannan lokacin ne ya fara aiki a kan *Yomihon* na biyu, kuma ya gama labarai biyu na farko na abin da zai zama *Harusame Monogatari* ("Tatsuniyar Ruwan Ruwa") a wajajen shekara ta 1802.  *Harusame* ya sha banban da *Ugetsu Monogatari* . A cikin wasu bambance-bambance, *Harusame* ba ya kira ga allahntaka, kuma labaran suna da tsayi sosai. Labarin mai suna *Hankai* game da wani ɗan ruffian ne wanda ba zato ba tsammani ya koma addinin Buddha kuma ya yi sauran rayuwarsa a matsayin zuhudu .

A cikin 1809, Ueda ta mutu yana da shekaru 76 a Kyoto .

## Manazartan Zamani
An tattauna Ueda Akinari a cikin Haruki Murakami 's *Killing Commendatore* . Babban jigo a cikin littafin Murakami ya ba da labarin kwarewar Akinari game da allahntaka. Labarin Akinari *Fate Over Two Generation* ya fito a wannan zamani a cikin littafin littafin Murakami.

Fim din mai shirya fina-finan Indiya AK Srikanth mai suna 'Dvija' (2022) an ce ya samu kwarin gwiwa daga aikin Ueda Akinari.

## Ayyuka

* *Ugetsu Monogatari* ("Tales of Rain da Moon") (1776)
* *Harusame Monogatari*  (*春雨物語*, *Harusame monogatari* ) (1809) 

## Duba kuma

* Kyokutei Bakin
* Zaman Edo
* *Ugetsu*

## Manazarta