John J. Mack

**John J. Mack** (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1944) babban mai ba da shawara ne ga kamfanin saka hannun jari na Kohlberg Kravis Roberts kuma tsohon Shugaba kuma shugaban hukumar gudanarwa a Morgan Stanley, kamfanin saka hannun jari da dillalan da ke New York .  

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Mack a Mooresville, North Carolina, ɗan Alice (née Azouri) da Charles Mack. Asalin sunan dangin mahaifin Mack shine Makhoul; ya zo Amurka daga Lebanon yana ɗan shekara 12, bayan kakan Mack, wanda ya isa Tsibirin Ellis a shekarar 1909. 

Iyalin sun zauna a North Carolina . Mahaifin Mack yana gudanar da wani kantin sayar da kayayyaki, tufafi, da kuma shagon sayar da kayayyaki na yau da kullun mai suna John Mack & Son a Mooresville, North Carolina .  Kasuwancin ya mamaye Ginin John Mack daga 1937 zuwa 1990.  Mack shine ƙarami cikin 'ya'ya maza shida. Iyalin Katolika ne. 

A shekarar 1968, Mack ya kammala karatunsa a Jami'ar Duke, inda ya samu gurbin karatu a fannin ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya yi karatun digiri a fannin tarihi. Aikin farko da Mack ya yi a fannin kuɗi shi ne magatakarda a wani ƙaramin gidan dillali a lokacin da yake ƙarami a Duke, bayan da ƙashin bayansa ya karye ya sa bai samu damar ci gaba da karatunsa na ƙwallon ƙafa ba. 

## Sana'a

### Morgan Stanley
Mack ya yi aiki a kamfanoni da dama a kusa da Wall Street kafin ya fara aikinsa a Morgan Stanley a shekarar 1972 a matsayin mai sayar da kayayyaki, kuma tun daga lokacin ya yi aiki a kamfanin tsawon kusan shekaru talatin. Daga nan ya hau kan karagar mulki zuwa matsayin da ke kara daukar nauyi, daga karshe Mack ya jagoranci Sashen Haraji Mai Kaya na Kamfanin na Duniya daga 1985 zuwa 1992.  A shekarar 1987, ya zama memba na kwamitin gudanarwa. A watan Maris na 1992, ya dauki nauyin ayyukan Morgan Stanley na yau da kullun a matsayin shugaban kwamitin gudanarwa. An nada shi shugaban Morgan Stanley a watan Yunin 1993. Mack ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaba, babban jami'in gudanarwa kuma darakta na Morgan Stanley Dean Witter & Co. daga watan Mayun 1997 lokacin da aka kafa kamfanin ta hanyar hadewar Morgan Stanley da Dean Witter, manyan kamfanonin ayyukan kudi guda biyu a duniya. 

A shekara ta 2001, Mack ya bar Morgan Stanley bayan gwagwarmayar iko da Phil Purcell ; Purcell ya zama Shugaba na Morgan Stanley bayan haɗakar Morgan Stanley da Dean Witter a shekarar 1997, wanda Purcell ya riga ya zama Shugaba.

### Credit Suisse
Watanni shida bayan haka, a watan Yunin 2001, an ɗauki Mack a matsayin Shugaba na Credit Suisse, wanda a lokacin aka fi sani da Credit Suisse First Boston (CSFB).  Lokacin da Mack ya yi aiki a Credit Suisse ya kasance cike da gyare-gyare da kuma matsalolin bin ƙa'idodi da Frank Quattrone 's Technology Group suka haifar. 

### Morgan Stanley rage
A ranar 30 ga Yuni, 2005, Mack ya koma hannun Morgan Stanley a matsayin babban jami'in gudanarwa kuma shugaban kwamitin gudanarwa, inda ya maye gurbin Purcell.   An san Mack da daidaita kamfanin da kuma sake ƙarfafa al'adunsa da ikon mallakar abokan ciniki,  duk da koma bayan tattalin arziki. 

Mack ya sanar da yin ritayarsa a matsayin babban jami'in gudanarwa a ranar 10 ga Satumba, 2009, wanda ya fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2010.  A shekarar 2011, Mack ya yi ritaya daga Morgan Stanley  bayan fiye da shekaru 30 a matsayin ma'aikacin banki na saka hannun jari.  Tsohon shugaban ƙasa James P. Gorman ya gaje shi a matsayin Shugaba.

### Kohlberg Kravis Roberts
A shekarar 2012, Mack ya shiga Kohlberg Kravis Roberts a matsayin babban mai ba da shawara.  

### Rosneft
A shekarar 2013, Mack ya shiga Rosneft, kamfanin mai mallakar gwamnatin Rasha, wanda ke da hannun jarin BP na kusan kashi 20%. A shekarar 2014, ya sanar da barin aikinsa,  jim kaɗan bayan da shugaban kamfanin Igor Sechin ya sanya masa takunkumi daga Amurka. An bayar da dalilai daban-daban na barin aikinsa; Mack ya ce kwangilarsa ta kasance shekara ɗaya kacal, yayin da mai magana da yawun Rosneft ya ce ya yanke shawarar barin saboda dalilai na kashin kansa.

## Zarge-zargen ciniki na cikin gida
A shekara ta 2006, tsohon mai binciken SEC Gary J. Aguirre ya zargi Mack da laifin ciniki na cikin gida .   A ranar 5 ga Oktoba, 2006, SEC ta ba da shawarar kada a dauki mataki kan Mack. A ƙarshen Nuwamba 2006, an sanar da Mack da Pequot cewa an rufe binciken kuma ba za a ɗauki wani mataki a kansu ba.

## Diyya
A lokacin da yake shugaban kamfanin Morgan Stanley a shekarar 2006, Mack ya sami jimillar diyya ta $41,399,010, wanda ya haɗa da albashin asali na $800,000, hannun jari da aka bayar na $36,179,923, da zaɓuɓɓukan da aka bayar na $4,019,934. 

A shekarar 2008, ya sami jimillar diyya ta $1,235,097, wanda ya haɗa da albashin asali na $800,000 da sauran diyya ta $435,097. Bai karɓi kuɗi, hannun jari, ko zaɓuɓɓuka ba. 

A shekarar 2014, Mack ya kare yawan kuɗaɗen da ake biya wa manyan shugabannin kamfanoni, [1] yana cewa a gidan talabijin na Bloomberg cewa tattaunawar biyan diyya tana da kyau, amma shugabannin kamfanoni suna samun kuɗin.

## Rikicin kuɗi na 2008
Mack ya jagoranci kamfanin a lokacin rikicin kuɗi na 2008,  gina matsayin jarinsa da kuma kula da yadda kamfanin ya koma kamfanin riƙe da bankuna. Domin daidaita kamfanin, ya ƙulla ƙawance mai mahimmanci da China Investment Corporation da Mitsubishi UFJ Group kuma ya shiga haɗin gwiwa da Smith Barney, inda a wancan lokacin ya kafa kamfanin sarrafa dukiya mafi girma a duniya. A lokacin rikicin, Sakataren Baitulmalin Amurka Hank Paulson da shugaban Bankin Tarayya Ben Bernanke sun shawarci Mack da ya sayar da Morgan Stanley. Ya bayyana cewa a lokacin tattaunawar yana fuskantar matsin lamba mai yawa daga shugaban Bankin Tarayya na New York, Tim Geithner, don ya sayar ko haɗa Morgan Stanley ga ɗaya daga cikin masu fafatawa da shi kamar JP Morgan .  Mack ya ga wannan a matsayin wanda ya saɓa wa muradun masu hannun jari da ma'aikata na Morgan Stanley, kamar mutuwar Bear Stearns a sayar da JP Morgan da aka yi masa kan dala 2 a kowace hannun jari, (daga baya an sake duba yarjejeniyar zuwa dala 10 a kowace hannun jari), kuma ya dage kan neman wasu hanyoyin samun kuɗi. 

## Membobin hukumar

* Asibitin Presbyterian na New York : Shugabar Emeriti, Kwamitin Amintattu - Ya shiga 1992 
* Jami'ar Duke : Kwamitin Amintattu
* Asibitin Jami'ar Jami'ar Columbia: memba na kwamitin gudanarwa
* Asibitin Jami'a na Jami'ar Cornell: memba na kwamitin gudanarwa
* IMG : darakta
* Gidauniyar Iyali ta Bloomberg : memba na kwamitin gudanarwa 
* Majalisar Kasuwanci: memba
* Zagaye na Kasuwanci : memba
* Kamfanin Zuba Jari na China : Majalisar Ba da Shawara ta Duniya
* Magajin Garin Beijing : Majalisar Ba da Shawara Kan Shugabannin Kasuwanci Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa
* Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Singapore : Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na Ƙasa da Ƙasa
* Haɗin gwiwa ga Birnin New York : kwamitin zartarwa, darekta
* Nuwamba 2011: Rev Worldwide: kwamitin gudanarwa 
* 2012: Ƙungiyar Ba da Lamuni : memba na kwamitin gudanarwa 

## Taimakon jama'a
Mack ya bayar da gudummawa ga ƙungiyoyi daban-daban ta hanyar Gidauniyar Christy da John Mack, wacce aka fi sani da Gidauniyar CJ Mack:

* 1999: Jami'ar Duke : dala miliyan 10 don tallafawa ayyuka daban-daban 
* 2004: Jami'ar Duke : dala miliyan 10 don tallafawa ilimin likitanci na haɗin gwiwa 
* 2005: Gidauniyar Kwalejin Sojojin Ruwa ta Amurka : Tallafin tallafawa Shirin Malami na Admiral Frank Bowman
* 2007: Jami'ar Shaw : dala miliyan 5 don tallafawa tallafin karatu na ilimi ga wannan kwaleji ta baƙar fata ta tarihi 

Mack ya kasance a kwamitin amintattu na Asibitin NewYork-Presbyterian tun daga shekarar 1992.  Ya kasance shugaban kwamitin na tsawon shekaru 5 kuma ya kasance muhimmin bangare na samar da kudade da gina Asibitin Yara na NYP Morgan Stanley, asibitin yara daya tilo da ke birnin New York.

## A cikin kafofin watsa labarai
Mack ya sami laƙabin "Mack the Knife" saboda ƙwarewarsa ta rage farashi yayin da yake kula da sashen samun kuɗi na dindindin a Morgan Stanley, kuma ya cika buƙatunsa na lissafin kuɗi a CSFB, inda ya rage ayyuka 10,000 kuma ya mayar da bankin ga riba.

An nuna Mack a fim ɗin HBO *mai suna Too Big to Fail* wanda Tony Shalhoub ya shirya, sannan kuma a fim ɗin BBC mai suna *The Last Days of Lehman Brothers* wanda Henry Goodman ya shirya. An kuma yi cikakken bayani game da aikinsa a cikin wani littafi da Patricia Beard ta rubuta a shekarar 2007, *mai suna Blue Blood and Mutiny: The Fight for the Soul of Morgan Stanley* . Shirin fim na 2010 *mai suna Plunder: The Crime of Our Time* wanda Danny Schechter ya shirya, ya fara da zanga-zanga a wajen gidansa, wadda mutanen da suka rasa gidajensu a lokacin koma bayan tattalin arziki suka yi . 

Tarihin Mack da kuma tarihin rayuwarsa, "Up Close and All in: Life Lessons from a Wall Street Warrior," Simon & Schuster ne suka buga shi a watan Oktoban 2022. 

## Hira da aka zaɓa

* Mack, John. " Lakcar Jagoranci ta Wharton: John Mack akan Ceton Morgan Stanley, Cikin Bunker. " *Ilimi a Wharton.* Jami'ar Pennsylvania. 14 ga Oktoba, 2009. 
* Mack, John da Hank Paulson . " Cikakken hirar Mack, Paulson. *CNN Money.* Makarantar Kasuwanci ta NYU. Maris 2010.
* Rose, Charlie . " Zhou Wenzhong; John Mack, Shugaba, Morgan Stanley; Kenneth Roth kan 'Yancin Dan Adam a China; Girmama Reynolds Price. " *Charlie Rose .* Janairu 20, 2011. Hira ta fara da ƙarfe 25:30.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Mack ya auri Christy Mack (wanda aka haifa a matsayin King). Suna da 'ya'ya uku. Ɗansa Stephen ya fito fili a matsayin ɗan luwaɗi. 

## Manazarta