Sudan ta Tarayyar Afirka

**Sudan ta Tarayyar Afirka** (Juba Arabic: الاتحاد الوطني الأفريقي السوداني Ettihad Al-Wataniy Al-Afriqiy Al-Sudani; SANU) jam'iyyar siyasa ce da Saturnino Ohure da William Deng Nhial suka kafa a shekarar 1963 a kasar Uganda. A karshen shekarun 1960, jam'iyyar ta fafata zabe a Sudan domin neman 'yancin cin gashin kai ga kudancin Sudan bisa tsarin tarayya. Bangaren jam'iyyar da ke gudun hijira ya goyi bayan cikakken 'yancin kai.

## Asalin
Bayan wani lokaci da sojoji suka karbi mulki a shekarar 1958, William Deng ya tsere zuwa gudun hijira, kamar yadda sauran 'yan siyasar kudancin kasar ciki har da Fr. Saturnino Ohure, Joseph Oduho da Alexis Bakumba. Saturnino Ohure da Joseph Oduho sun ƙaura daga Uganda zuwa Kinshasa, Zaire, inda William Deng ya haɗa su kuma suka kafa Sudan African Closed Districts National Union (SACDNU) a 1962. 'Yan gudun hijirar sun koma Kampala na Uganda a 1963 kuma sun rage sunan kungiyar zuwa Sudan African National Union (SANU). Joseph Oduho shi ne shugaban SANU na farko (1962-1964). An tsara sabon sunan don nuna haɗin kai tare da sauran ƙungiyoyin kishin ƙasa na Afirka na lokacin.

## Jam'iyyar a gudun hijira
A Kampala, SANU ta zama muryar 'yan gudun hijira 60,000 da suka tsere zuwa sansanonin Zaire da Uganda, amma sun kasa kafa siyasa a Sudan. Shugabannin SANU sun yi nasarar shirya wata fafutuka ta ‘yan daba, wato Anyanya, wacce ta fara aiki a Equatoria a shekarar 1963, inda ta kai hare-hare a ketare, kuma ta kasance mai zaman kanta daga ‘yan siyasa a Kampala.

## Kokarin dimokuradiyya
A cikin Fabrairun 1965 William Deng ya rabu da shugabannin SANU da ke gudun hijira, ya koma Sudan, wanda ya sa jam'iyyar ta rabu zuwa SANU-ciki da SANU na waje, inda Deng ya jagoranci reshe na "ciki" kuma Aggrey Jaden ya jagoranci reshe na "waje". An yi wa SANU rajista a hukumance a matsayin jam’iyyar siyasa a Sudan a wani taro a Omdurman a ranar 11 ga Afrilun 1965 wanda ya samu halartar kusan mutane 2,000. Reshen Deng na SANU da Kudancin Front, wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Stanislaus Paysama, sun fafata a zaɓen 'yan majalisa na Afrilu 1965. SANU wani karfi ne mai karfi a siyasar Sudan tsawon shekaru hudu masu zuwa, yana ba da shawarar cin gashin kan kudanci cikin tsarin tarayya. A zaben 1968, William Deng ya lashe kujerarsa da gagarumin rinjaye, amma an kashe shi a daidai lokacin da aka bayyana sakamakon.

## Bayan shekaru
Shugabannin SANU da ke gudun hijira ba su amince da tsarin sassaucin ra'ayi na Deng ba, suka kafa kungiyar 'yantar da 'yantar da jama'a ta Azania a Kampala, Uganda. Tsakanin 1965 zuwa 1967 Joseph Oduho ya kasance shugaban jam'iyyar Azania Liberation Front. A karshe ya balle da kungiyoyin da ke gudun hijira a shekarar 1971 saboda rashin jituwa da Joseph Lagu, kwamandan mayakan kungiyar ta Anyanya, wanda ke son ya mika wuya ga bangaren siyasa na kungiyar ga bangaren soja. Oduho ya himmatu ga hadin kan Kudancin Sudan, yayin da Lagu ya so ya janye zuwa cikin karamar yankin Equatoria.

Deng shi ne mahaifin Nhial Deng Nhial, ministan harkokin Sudan ta Kudu a halin yanzu. Jam’iyyar ta yi kira ga kudu da ‘yancin kai. Shugaban SANU na yanzu shine Dr. Toby Maduot. SANU tana da mambobi 4 a majalisar dokokin Sudan ta Kudu.

## Manazarta