Shirley Hughes

**Winifred Shirley Hughes** CBE (16 Yulin shekarar 1927 - 25 Fabrairun shekarar 2022) marubuciya ce kuma mai zane Baturiya. Ta rubuta littattafai sama da hamsin, waɗanda aka sayar da fiye da kwafi miliyan 11.5, kuma sun kwatanta fiye da ɗari biyu. Kamar yadda na 2007,ta zauna a London.    

Hughes ta lashe lambobin yabo na 1977 da 2003 Kate Greenaway don kwatanta littafin yara na Biritaniya.A cikin 2007, wanda ta ci nasara a 1977,*Dogger*, an nada ta aikin cin nasara da jama'a suka fi so a cikin shekaru hamsin na farko.Ta lashe lambar yabo ta farko ta BookTrust a cikin 2015.  Ta kasance mai karɓar lambar yabo ta Eleanor Farjeon.Ta kasance majibincin kungiyar masu zane-zane. 

## Kuruciya
An haifi Hughes a Yammacin Kirby, sannan a cikin lardin Cheshire (yanzu a Merseyside ), a ranar 16 ga Yuli 1927.   'Yar Thomas James Hughes,mai gidan kantin sayar da kayayyaki na Liverpool TJ Hughes da matarsa Kathleen (née Dowling),ta girma a Yammacin Kirby akan Wirral. Ta tuna cewa masu fasaha irin su Arthur Rackham da W.Heath Robinson sun yi wahayi zuwa gare su tun daga ƙuruciya,  kuma daga baya ta hanyar cinema da Walker Art Gallery.   Musamman waɗanda aka fi so nata sune Edward Ardizzone,da EH Shepard waɗanda suka kwatanta *Wind a cikin Willows* da *Winnie-the-Pooh.* 

Ta ji daɗin yawan ziyartar gidan wasan kwaikwayo tare da mahaifiyarta, wanda ta ba ta ƙauna ga kallon mutane da sha'awar ƙirƙirar. 

Ta yi karatu a West Kirby Grammar School,amma Hughes ta ce ita ba ƙwararriyar ɗalibi ba ce ta ilimi,Kuma lokacin da ta kai shekaru 17,ta bar makaranta don yin nazarin zane da zane-zane a Makarantar Fasaha ta Liverpool.  A Liverpool ta gano cewa an matsa mata lamba don ta sami miji sannan kuma ba ta cimma wani abu mai yawa a rayuwarta ba. Ta yi marmarin tserewa daga waɗannan tsammanin claustrophobic,don haka ta koma Oxford don halartar Makarantar Ruskin na Zana da Fine Art. 

Bayan makarantar fasaha ta ƙaura zuwa Notting Hill, London. A cikin 1952,ta auri John Sebastian Papendiek Vulliamy, masanin gine-gine da kuma echer. Suna da 'ya'ya uku tare:dan jarida Ed Vulliamy, masanin ilimin kwayoyin halitta Tom Vulliamy,da Clara Vulliamy, wanda kuma shine mai zane-zane na yara. 

## Aiki
 
A cikin Oxford,an ƙarfafa Hughes don yin aiki a cikin tsarin littafin hoto da yin zane - zane.  Duk da haka,bayan kammala karatun ta ta yi ƙoƙarin cika burinta na zama mai zanen wasan kwaikwayo, kuma ta ɗauki aiki a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Birmingham Rep.Da sauri ta yanke shawarar cewa "Hothouse da aka rufe"na duniyar wasan kwaikwayo ba nata ba ne, don haka ta bi shawarar tsohon malaminta ta fara aiki a matsayin mai zane.  Ta fara ne da kwatanta littattafan wasu mawallafa, ciki har da *My Naughty Little Sister* ta Dorothy Edwards da *The Bell Family* ta Noel Streatfeild.   Littafin da aka buga na farko da ta rubuta kuma ta kwatanta shi ne *Lucy & Tom's Day*, wanda aka sanya shi cikin jerin labaran.  Ta ci gaba da rubuta ƙarin labarai sama da hamsin, waɗanda suka haɗa da *Dogger* (1977), jerin *Alfie* (1977), wanda ke nuna ƙaramin yaro mai suna Alfie da wani lokacin ƙanwarsa Annie-Rose, da jerin *Olly da Me* (1993).  Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Walker Art Gallery a garinsu na Liverpool ta shirya baje kolin ayyukanta a 2003,wanda daga nan ta koma gidan kayan tarihi na Ashmolean a Oxford. 

Shahararriyar littafinta mai suna *Dogger*, game da wani karen abin wasa ne wanda wani karamin yaro ya rasa, amma sai ta sake haduwa da mai shi bayan an same shi a wani siyar da kaya.Wannan littafin ta samu wahayi daga danta, Ed,Wanda ta rasa teddy da ta fi so a Holland Park. Hakanan akwai Dogger na gaske, kuma an nuna shi tare da sauran ayyukanta a baje kolin ta a London da Oxford. 

Hughes ta kwatanta littattafan yara 200 a duk tsawon aikinta,wanda ta sayar da fiye da kwafi miliyan 10.  A cikin dakunan karatu na WorldCat, takwas daga cikin ayyukanta guda goma da aka fi gudanarwa sune littattafan *Alfie* (1981 zuwa 2002). Sauran su ne *Dogger* (mutumi na biyu) da *Out and About* (1988).  Hughes ta rubuta littafinta na farko a cikin 2015,wani ɗan ƙaramin littafi mai suna *Hero akan Keke*.  Tana da shekara 84 lokacin da ta rubuta wannan. 

Hughes ta mutu a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 2022 a gidanta da ke Landan.Ta kasance 94, kuma ta yi fama da gajeriyar rashin lafiya kafin rasuwarta.   Babban kungiyar bayar da tallafin karatu ta Burtaniya, BookTrust,ta ba ta yabo, wanda ca ce sun mutu “sun” da cewa “labari masu ban sha’awa da kwatancenta, daga Dogger zuwa Alfie da Lucy da Tom, sun taba al’ummomi da yawa kuma har yanzu ana son su.Na gode,Shirley."  Michael Morpurgo, marubucin *War Horse*,ya yaba mata, tana mai cewa ta "fara karatun rayuwar miliyoyin mutane." 

## Kyaututuka
*Dogger* (1977),wanda ta rubuta kuma ta kwatanta, shine labarin farko na Hughes da aka buga a ƙasashen waje  kuma Medal na Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Kate Greenaway ta amince da shi a matsayin mafi kyawun kwatancen littafin yara na shekara ta wani batu na Burtaniya.A cikin bikin cika shekaru 70 na abokin takarar Carnegie Medal a cikin 2007,ta ba da sunan ɗayan manyan ayyuka goma na Greenaway wanda ta ci lambar yabo ta ƙungiyar ƙwararru sannan ta sanya sunan wanda aka fi so,ko "Greenaway of Greenaways" . (Jama'a sun kada kuri'a akan jerin sunayen kwamitin goma,wanda aka zaba daga ayyukan nasara 53 1955 zuwa 2005.Hughes da *Dogger* sun zabi kashi 26% na kuri'un zuwa kashi 25% na wanda zai gaje ta a matsayin wanda ta lashe lambar yabo,Janet Ahlberg da *Kowane Peach Pear Plum*.    

Hughes ta ci Greenaway na biyu (babu mai zane ta ci nasara uku) don *Ella's Big Chance* (2003), daidaitawarta na Cinderella, wanda aka saita a cikin 1920s.An buga shi a cikin Amurka azaman *Babban Chance na Ella: A Jazz-Age Cinderella* (Simon & Schuster, 2004).Har ila yau,ta kasance 'yar tseren Greenaway sau uku da aka yaba: don *Flutes da Cymbals: Poetry for the Young* (1968), tarin da Leonard Clark ta tattara; don *Mataimaka* (Bodley Head, 1975),wanda ta rubuta kuma ta kwatanta; da kuma *Lion da Unicorn* (Bodley Head, 1998),wanda ta rubuta kuma ta kwatanta (An yaba sosai).  [lower-alpha 1]

A cikin 1984, Hughes ta sami lambar yabo ta Eleanor Farjeon Award don hidima ta musamman ga adabin yara,a cikin 1999 an ba ta OBE,kuma a cikin 2000 ta zama Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature. Hakanan Jami'ar Liverpool John Moores ta ba ta Fellowship Honorary Fellowship  da Digiri na Daraja ta Jami'ar Liverpool a 2004  da Jami'ar Chester a 2012. 

Booktrust, babbar ƙungiyar bayar da agaji ta Burtaniya, ta ba Hughes lambar yabo ta nasarar rayuwarsu ta farko a cikin 2015. 

Tuni Jami'in Tsarin Mulkin Biritaniya (OBE),an nada Hughes Kwamandan Tsarin Mulkin Burtaniya (CBE) a cikin Sabuwar Shekara ta 2017 don hidima ga adabi. 

## Ayyuka

* *Molly Molly* 
* *Zafin Bathwater* 
* *hayaniya* 
* *Lokacin Da Muka Je Fakin* 
* *Duk Siffai da Girma* 
* *Launuka* 
* *Takalmi Biyu, Sabbin Takalmi* 
* The Snow Lady.
* *Fita da About* 
* *Kare* 
* *Lucy da Tom Kirsimeti* 
* *Lucy da Tom a bakin teku* 
* *Tatsuniyoyi na Titin Trotter* 
* *Jarumi akan Keke* 
* *Fatalwar Hauwa'u Kirsimeti* 
* *Zaki da Unicorn* 
* *Mataimaka* 
* *Angel Mae* 
* *Kirsimeti na Dogger* 

### Labarun Alfie

## Ayyuka na wasu marubuta,wanda Hughes ta kwatanta

* Tsatsa, Doris, *Duk Ranaku iri-iri: Labarai shida don Matasa* (Faber da Faber, 1955)
* Corrin, Sara da Stephen, *Labarun Masu Shekaru Takwas* (Faber da Faber, 1974)

## Bayanan kula




## Nassoshi


## Kara karantawa

* "Shirley Hughes", a cikin *Littattafai Don Tsayawa* (1984 Mayu), shafi.&nbsp;14-15
* Kate Moody, "A Is for Artists", in *Contact* (1984 Spring), shafi.&nbsp;24-25
* Shirley Hughes, "Kalma da Hoto", a cikin M. Fearn, ed., *Mafi Kyau kawai Ya isa: Laccocin Woodfield 1978-85* (1985)
* Elaine Moss, *Sashe na Tsarin* (1986), shafi.&nbsp;107-12
* D. Martin. "Shirley Hughes", a cikin Douglas Martin, *Layin Bayarwa: Rubuce-rubucen kan Masu zane-zane na Littattafai goma sha biyar* (Julia MacRae Littattafai, 1989), shafi.&nbsp;148-66
* Shirley Hughes, *Zane Rayuwa* (The Bodley Head, 2002)

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
 

* Shirley Hughes at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
* Julia Eccleshare, Shirley Hughes obituary, *The Guardian*, 2 March 2022
* Ella's big chance: a fairy tale retold in libraries (WorldCat catalog) —immediately, first edition
* Ella's big chance: a Jazz-Age Cinderella in libraries (WorldCat catalog) —immediately, first US edition
* Shirley Hughes at Library of Congress, with 145 library catalogue records