Luton Town FC

**Kungiyar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ta Luton Town** kungiya ce ta ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa daga garin Luton, Bedfordshire, Ingila . Kungiyar a halin yanzu tana fafatawa a gasar EFL League One, matakin na uku na Tsarin gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila. Ana kiran kungiyar "The Hatters", Kungiyar Luton sun buga wasanninsu na gida a Kenilworth Road tun 1905.

Garin Luton ya shiga Kungiyar kwallon kafa kafin kakar 1897-98 amma ya bar ba da daɗewa ba a cikin 1900 saboda matsalolin kudi. Kungiyar ba ta sake shiga League ba sai 1920. Kungiyar Luton ta fafata a rukunin farko a karo na farko a lokacin kakar 1955-56 kuma ta fafata da babban wasan karshe a karo na biyu da kungiyar Nottingham Forest a wasan karshe na FA Cup na 1959. Daga nan aka sake komawa kulob din daga rukunin farko a ƙarshen kakar 1959-60, kuma an sake komawa sau biyu a cikin shekaru biyar, yana wasa a cikin rukuni na huɗu daga kakar 1965-66, kafin ya koma rukuni na farko na kakar 1974-75 don kakar wasa ɗaya.

A ƙarshen kakar 1981-82, kulob din ya lashe gasar ta biyu kuma ya sami ci gaba zuwa gasar ta farko. Shekaru da yawa bayan haka, Luton ta doke kungiyar Arsenal 3-2 a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kwallon kafa ta 1988 kuma ta kasance a cikin rukunin farko har zuwa lokacin da aka sake shi a ƙarshen kakar 1991-92.

Tsakanin 2007 da 2009, matsalolin kudi sun sa kulob din ya fadi daga matakin na biyu na kwallon kafa na Ingila zuwa na biyar a cikin lokutan da suka biyo baya. Na karshe daga cikin wadannan relegations, a cikin 2008-09 kakar, ya biyo bayan wani 30 maki ragewa saboda kudi irregularities. Luton ya shafe shekaru biyar a wasan kwallon kafa ba na League ba kafin ya lashe Gasar Firimiya a kakar 2013-14, inda ya sami ci gaba a cikin Football League. An ci gaba da Luton daga League Two da League One a cikin lokutan da suka biyo baya a cikin 2017-18 da 2018-19 kafin a ci gaba da shi zuwa Premier League a ƙarshen wasannin Championship na 2023. Bayan ya kwashe kakar wasa daya a gasar Firimiya, Luton ya ga sauye-sauye biyu, yana ganin suna wasa a kakar wasa ta 2025-26 ta League One.

## Tarihi
 

### Kafa da zaben zuwa Kudancin Kudancin (1885-1890)
An kafa kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Luton Town a ranar 11 ga Afrilu 1885.  Kafin kafa ta, akwai wasu kungiyoyin kwallon kafa da yawa a garin, wadanda suka fi shahara sune Luton Wanderers da Luton Excelsior. Wani dan wasan kulob din Wanderers, George Deacon, ya zo da ra'ayin kulob din 'Town' wanda zai hada da dukkan 'yan wasa mafi kyau a Luton. Sakataren Wanderers Herbert Spratley ya kama ra'ayin Deacon kuma ya shirya taron sirri a ranar 13 ga Janairun 1885 a makarantar St Matthew a High Town, kusa da tashar jirgin kasa. Kwamitin Wanderers ya yanke shawarar sake sunan kulob din Luton Town - wanda al'umma ba ta karɓa da kyau ba. Jaridu na cikin gida sun kira kulob din **'Luton Town** (late Wanderers) '. Lokacin da George Deacon da John Charles Lomax suka shirya taron jama'a tare da manufar kafa 'Luton Town Football Club', Spratley ya nuna rashin amincewa, yana mai cewa an riga an sami kulob din Luton Town; kuma yanayin ya kasance mai wahala lokacin da taron ya taru a zauren gari a ranar 11 ga Afrilu 1885. Taron, wanda yawancin masu son kwallon kafa a garin suka halarta, sun ji labarin taron sirri na Spratley na Janairu kuma sun jefa kuri'a a kan rashin amincewarsa. Shirin kafa 'Luton Town Football Club', wanda GH Small ya gabatar kuma EH Lomax ya goyi bayan, an dauki nauyinsa. An zabi kwamitin kulob din ta hanyar jefa kuri'a kuma an amince da launuka na tawagar su zama ruwan hoda da shuɗi mai duhu.

Da farko an kafa shi a filin Excelsior, Dallow Lane, kungiyar Luton Town ya fara biyan kuɗi ga wasu 'yan wasa a cikin 1890. A shekara mai zuwa, Luton ya zama kulob na farko a kudancin Ingila don zama cikakkiyar ƙwararru. Kungiyar ta kasance memba ne na kafa Kudancin Kudancin a kakar 1894-95 kuma ta gama a matsayin masu cin gaba a cikin shekaru biyu na farko. Daga nan sai ya bar don taimakawa wajen kafa United League kuma ya zo na biyu a kakar wasa ta farko kafin ya shiga Football League (sa'an nan kuma ya fi zama a arewa da tsakiyar Ingila)  don kakar 1897-98,  a lokaci guda yana motsawa zuwa sabon ƙasa, Dunstable Road .  Kungiyar ta ci gaba da shiga tawagar zuwa United League na wasu lokutan biyu, ta lashe taken a kakar 1897-98.   Rashin halarta, albashi mai yawa, ban da babban tafiye-tafiye da farashin masauki wanda ya haifar da nisan Luton daga arewacin tsakiyar gasar kwallon kafa ya gurgunta kulob din kudi;  ya zama mai tsada sosai don yin gasa a wannan gasar. Saboda haka an shirya komawa Kudancin Kudancin don kakar 1900-01.  

### Farkon karni na 20 (1900-1950)
Luton ya koma cikin filin su na yanzu, Kenilworth Road, a cikin 1905 bayan ya kwashe shekaru takwas a Dunstable Road. Kyaftin kuma hagu na hagu Bob Hawkes ya zama dan wasan kasa da kasa na farko na Luton lokacin da aka zaba shi ya buga wa Ingila wasa da Ireland a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 1907.  Wani talauci na shekara ta 1911-12 ya ga Luton ya koma Kudancin Kudancin; kulob din ya sami ci gaba bayan shekaru biyu. Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na farko ya ɓarke, Luton ya shiga cikin The London Combination a lokacin kakar 1915-16, kuma daga baya ya cika kowane kakar da Wasannin sada zumunci. Wani babban dan wasa na lokacin shine Ernie Simms, mai gaba. Simms ya zama mara inganci bayan ya ji rauni A gaban Italiya,   amma ya warke ya sake dawo da matsayinsa a cikin tawagar Luton kuma ya zira kwallaye 40 a lokacin kakar 1916-17.

### Nasara a karkashin Duncan da raguwa (1950-1965)
A farkon shekarun 1950, daya daga cikin manyan bangarorin Luton  ya fito ne a karkashin manajan, Dally Duncan .  Kungiyar ta hada da Gordon Turner, wanda ya ci gaba da zama babban mai zira kwallaye na Luton,  Bob Morton, wanda ke riƙe da rikodin mafi yawan wasanni na kulob din  da Syd Owen, dan kasar Ingila.  A wannan lokacin, bangarorin Luton sun kuma nuna masu tsaron gida biyu na Ingila, Ron Baynham da Bernard Streten,   da kuma 'yan wasan Irish Seamus Dunne,  Tom Aherne da George Cummins.   Wannan tawagar ta kai ga Sashe na Farko a karo na farko a ƙarshen kakar 1955-56, bayan ta gama a matsayi na biyu a bayan kulob din Birmingham City a bambancin burin. Shekaru 'yan nasara sun biyo baya, ciki har da wasan karshe na FA Cup a kan Nottingham Forest a kakar 1958-59  inda aka zabi Owen a matsayin FWA Footballer of the Year .  Koyaya, an sake komawa kulob din a kakar wasa mai zuwa kuma, a kakar 1964-65, yana wasa a cikin Sashe na huɗu.

### Komawa zuwa matakin farko da nasarar ƙarshen ƙarni (1965-1992)
A cikin salon kulob din yo-yo, Luton zai dawo. Tawaga da suka hada da Bruce Rioch, John Moore da Graham Faransa sun lashe gasar zakarun rukuni na hudu a kakar 1967–68 karkashin jagorancin tsohon dan wasa Allan Brown ;  bayan shekaru biyu burin Malcolm Macdonald ya taimaka musu zuwa wani cigaba,  yayin da dan wasan barkwanci Eric Morecambe ya zama darektan kulob din.  Luton Town ya ci nasarar komawa rukunin farko a ƙarshen kakar 1973–74, amma an sake shi a kakar wasa ta gaba ta hanyar keɓe.   Tsohon dan wasan Luton David Pleat an nada shi manaja a cikin 1978, kuma zuwa lokacin 1982-83 kungiyar ta dawo cikin matakin farko.  Ƙungiyar da Pleat ta tara a Kenilworth Road ta kasance sananne a lokacin don yawan 'yan wasan Black da ya haɗa da; a lokacin da yawancin 'yan wasan Ingila sun kasance fararen fata, sau da yawa Luton tana ba da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun baƙi. 'Yan wasa masu hazaka irin su Ricky Hill, Brian Stein da Emeka Nwajiobi sun ba da gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga nasarar kulob din a wannan lokacin,  ya sa ta taru "tarin tarihin baƙar fata fiye da kowane a cikin ƙasar", a cikin kalmomin ɗan jarida Gavin Willacy. 

### Maimaitawa da faɗuwa zuwa wadanda ba League ba (1992-2009)
An sake komawa kulob din daga saman rukuni a ƙarshen kakar 1991-92,  kuma ya nutse zuwa mataki na uku Shekaru huɗu bayan haka.  Luton ya kasance a cikin rukuni na uku na rukuni na biyu har zuwa lokacin da aka sake shi a ƙarshen kakar 2000-01. A karkashin jagorancin Joe Kinnear, wanda ya isa tsakiyar kakar da ta gabata,  kungiyar ta sami ci gaba daga mataki na huɗu a ƙoƙari na farko. "Mai rikici"  mai shi John Gurney ya rushe kulob din a shekara ta 2003,  ya dakatar da kwangilar Kinnear a lokacin da ya isa a watan Mayu;  Gurney ya maye gurbin Kinnear da Mike Newell kafin ya bar Luton yayin da kulob din ya shiga gwamnati. Kungiyar Newell ta gama a matsayin zakara na gasar kwallon kafa ta uku a 2004-05.  

### Ba a buga gasar Premier ba (2009-2024)
Ragewa yana nufin cewa kakar 2009-10 ta ga Luton tana wasa a cikin Taron Firimiya, gasar da kulob din bai taba shiga ba. Kungiyar ba ta yi nasara ba a buga wasan kwaikwayo na gabatarwa sau uku a cikin yanayi huɗu a lokacin da suke a matsayin kulob din da ba na League ba, suna daukar ma'aikata daban-daban guda biyar. A zagaye na huɗu na gasar cin kofin FA ta 2012-13, Luton ta lashe gasar cin kofen Premier League ta ƙungiyar Norwich City 1-0 kuma, ta yin hakan, ta zama tawagar farko da ba ta League ba da ta doke wata kungiya daga babbar ƙungiyar Ingila tun 1989. 

### Rashin baya-baya zuwa League One (2024-yanzu)
A ranar 3 ga Mayu 2025, sakewa na biyu a jere ya mayar da Luton a League One bayan ya rasa 5-3 a ranar karshe ga West Bromwich Albion .  Duk da tara maki 49 da daidaita jimlar Hull City, bambancin burinsu ya haifar da su kammala 22nd.

## Manazarta