Magana da yara

**Antipedagogy** (Jamusanci: ; Tsohon Girkanci: anti-against + pais-yaro, yaro + tsufa- gubar; Burtaniya: /æntjipɛdʔɡɒdʒi/), wani lokacin ana rubuta anti-pedagogy tare da hyphen, ka'idar mahimmanci ce da ke nazarin tsarin koyarwa na gargajiya, musamman bincika aikin iyaye ko ikon ilimi a matsayin keta haƙƙin ɗan adam. Haskakawa ta **adawa da koyarwa** tana kawo hankali ga tasirin tasirin koyarwa na al'ada da kuma ba da shawara ga daidaito tsakanin tsararraki. A shekara ta 1975, Ekkehard von Braunmühl ya kafa harsashin wannan ka'idar tare da littafinsa, "Antipedagogy - Studies on the Abolition of Education".

## Bayani na gaba ɗaya
Kalmar "antipedagogy" tana nuna kusanci ko adawa da takamaiman ka'idoji da hanyoyin ilimin gargajiya da koyarwa. Wannan hangen nesa yana bincika tsarin tsarin ilimi, hanyoyin koyarwa da ilmantarwa, da kuma rawar da iko ke takawa a ilimi. Gabaɗaya, antipedagogy ya haɗa da abubuwa kamar ƙalubalanci Ikon matsayi, jaddada ilmantarwa na mutum, rushe tsarin gargajiya, yin amfani da wasu hanyoyin koyarwa, da tsayayya da daidaitaccen ilimi.

Yana da mahimmanci a gane cewa wannan ma'anar ce mai zurfi, kuma tsarin adawa da koyarwa yana nuna bambance-bambance tsakanin masu aiki da masu ra'ayi a cikin motsi. Ga wasu malamai, antipedagogy na iya bayyana a matsayin ficewar hankali daga ilimin gargajiya, yayin da ga wasu, zai iya haifar da adawa mai karfi ga tsarin da ka'idojin da aka kafa.

Ra'ayoyi daban-daban game da ilimin gargajiya da ilimi, gami da zargi mai ma'ana da halayen nihilistic, sun ki amincewa da bukatar ilimin ɗan adam da ilimin koyarwa a matsayin kimiyya ta musamman. Ana ganin ilimin gargajiya a matsayin ƙoƙari mai zalunci wanda ke watsi da 'yancin yaro, mutunci, da haƙƙoƙi, yana hana bayyana ainihin kansu. Masu ba da shawara game da adawa da koyarwa sun sadaukar da kansu don inganta 'yancin yara, inganta jituwa tsakanin ayyukansu da motsin zuciyarsu, ƙarfafa fitarwa da ciki, da kuma ba da shawara ga kawar da al'umma.

Tushen antipedagogism za a iya gano shi zuwa farkon karni na 17 lokacin da kalmar da ta shafi 'pedagogue' ta fara ɗaukar mummunan ma'anar pedantry, wanda ya samo asali daga akalla 1650s. A wannan lokacin, ya zama mai alaƙa da ɗan majalisa na Ingila Samuel Pepys, wanda ya nuna mummunan hali ga kuma ya kimanta kalmomin 'pedagogy' da 'pedagogue' ba tare da kyau ba. Ci gaban ra'ayoyin adawa da koyarwa ya kuma sami rinjaye kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga wakilan ka'idar kawar da makaranta, kamar su Ivan Illich, John Holt, Everett Reimer, Neil Postman, Viktor N. Shulgin, da sauransu. Gaskiya ta adawa da ilimin halayyar jama'a ta fito a ƙarshen shekarun 1960 da 70, wanda ke da alaƙa da masanin ilimin halayin Amurka Carl Rogers da Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Yara ta Amurka,  karkashin jagorancin George A. Miller, R. Farson, da J. Holt. Kalmar "antipedagogy" ta samo asali ne daga H. Kupffer a cikin 1974, tare da tushe na ka'idoji wanda Ekkehard von Braunmühl ya kafa a cikin littafinsa "Antipädagogik" (1975). Masu gabatarwa sun haɗa da Maria Montessori,A. S. Neill, Th. Gordon, Célestin Freinet, Ovide Decroly, da Janusz Korczak. Ya sami shahara a Jamus tare da wakilan kamar E. von Braunmühl, H. von Schoenebeck, H. Ostermeyer, W. Hinte, da C. Rochefort . Antipedagogy, a cikin nau'o'i daban-daban, ya yadu sosai, musamman a ƙasashen Turai.

## Dubi kuma

* Koyarwa
* Rashin Kimiyya
* Magungunan ƙwaƙwalwa
* Rashin hankali
* Ilimi na dimokuradiyya
* Ilimi na adawa da zalunci

## Manazarta