Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas

**Sa’ad bn Abi Waqqas** (Larabci: سعد بن أبي وقاص), wanda aka fi sani da **Sa’ad bn Malik**, yana daga cikin sahabban annabin musulunci. Rahotanni sun ce Saʿd shi ne mutum na bakwai da ya musulunta, wanda ya yi yana dan shekara goma sha bakwai. An san shi sosai saboda kwamandansa a yakin al-Qadisiyyah da kuma cin nasarar Farisa a 636, gwamnansa a kan Farisa, da baƙon diflomasiyyarsa zuwa China a 651.

## Tarihin Rayuwa

### Iyali
An haifi Saʿd a Makka a shekara ta 595. Mahaifinsa shine Abu Waqqas Malik ibn Uhayb ibn Abd Manaf ibn Zuhrah daga dangin Banu Zuhrah na kabilar Quraishawa. Uhayb bn Abd Manaf kawun uba ne ga Aminah bint Wahb, mahaifiyar Muhammad. Mahaifiyar Saʿd ita ce Hamnah bint Sufyan ibn Umayya ibn Abd Shams ibn Abd Manaf.

Yana dan shekara goma sha bakwai lokacin da ya musulunta. Ya haifi 'ya'ya da yawa, daga cikinsu' ya'yansa Umar da Aamir da 'yarsa A'isha sun fi shahara.

### A zamanin Muhammad 610–632

#### Martanin Mahaifiya game da musuluntar Saʿd
Yana daga cikin na farko da suka karbi Musulunci.

Sa’ad ya ruwaito:

An yi nuni da wannan a cikin ayar Alƙur'ani 31: 14-15.

#### Yaƙe -yaƙe

A cikin 614, Musulmai suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa tsaunuka na Makka don yin salla tare da Muhammadu, lokacin da ƙungiyar mushrikai suka lura da su. Sun fara cin zarafi da yakarsu. Sa`ad ya buge wani mushriki ya zubar da jininsa, wanda aka ruwaito ya zama Musulmi na farko da ya zubar da jini da sunan Musulunci.

Ya yi yaƙin Badar tare da ƙaninsa ʿUmayr. Kasancewarsa a ƙuruciyarsa kawai, an hana Umayr damar shiga yaƙi, amma bayan ya yi fama da kuka, daga baya Muhammed ya ba shi izinin yin yaƙi. Sa’ad ya koma Madina shi kadai; MayUmayr yana daya daga cikin musulmai goma sha hudu da suka mutu a yakin.

A yakin Uhudu, an zabi Saʿd a matsayin maharba tare da Zayd, Saʿīb (dan Uthman ibn Mazūn) da sauransu. Saʿd yana cikin waɗanda suka yi fafutukar kare Muhammad bayan wasu Musulmi sun bar matsayinsu. Muhammadu ya karrama shi ta hanyar ayyana shi daya daga cikin maharba mafi kyau na wancan lokacin. A lokacin yaƙin, Muhammad ya tara masa wasu kibiyoyi.

#### Hajjin bankwana
Ya kamu da rashin lafiya a lokacin Aikin Hajjin Bankwana, kuma yana da 'ya mace kawai a wannan lokacin. Sa'ad ya ce:

### A zamanin Khalifa Umar 634-644
Sa`ad Ibn Abi Waqqas, shine wanda ya gina birnin Kufa na kasar Iraqi a lokacin mulkin Umar bn Khattab.

Har ila yau, Saʿd ya yi yaƙi a ƙarƙashin umurnin Umar a kan sojojin Sassanid a Yaƙin al-Kadisiyyah da Yaƙin Nahāvand. Daga baya aka nada shi gwamnan Kufa da Nejd a lokacin halifancin Umar.

Wasu ruwayoyin sun bayyana cewa duk da cewa Umar ya sauke shi daga mukaminsa na gwamna, amma ya ba da shawarar cewa halifan da ya gaje shi ya sake saka Saʿd, tun da Umar bai sauke Saʿad ba saboda wata yaudara.

Yana daga cikin mutane shida da Umar bn Al-Khattab ya tsayar a matsayin khalifanci na uku.

### A zamanin Khalifa Usman zamanin 644-656
ThUthman ya aiwatar da shawarar marUmar kuma ya nada Saʿd a matsayin gwamnan Kufa.

Musulman kasar Sin sun saba wa Saʿd da gabatar da Musulunci a kasar Sin a shekara ta 650, a lokacin mulkin sarki Gaozong na Tang. An kuma gano wani masallaci a gundumar Lalmonirhat na Bangladesh, wanda aka ce shi ne ya gina a shekarar 648, sannan kuma a cikin gida ake kiran sunansa da sunan masallacin Abu Akkas.

### A zamanin Halifa Mu'awiyah 661-664
Ya rayu tsawon sahabbai goma masu albarka, kuma ya mutu attajiri yana da shekaru tamanin, kusan shekara ta 674. Saʿd yana cikin aljanna goma da aka yi masa alƙawarin.

## Gada
Musulman Sunni sun dauke shi a matsayin daya daga cikin goma da aka yi musu alkawarin aljanna.

Wata majiyar musulunci, Sahihul Bukhari, tana cewa: Don roƙonsa akan [lokacin Uhudu], Muhammad ya ce: "Harba, Saʿd ... iya mahaifina da mahaifina su zama fansar ku.". Ali ibn Abi Talib ne ya ruwaito wannan, wanda ya ce bai ji Muhammadu ya yi wa kowa alkawarin irin wannan fansa ba, sai ga Sa’ad.

## Manazarta