Ruth Nicholson

**Ruth Nicholson** FRCOG (2 Disamba 1884 - 18 Yuli 1963) ta kasance likitan Ingila da likitan mata wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin likita a Asibitin Mata na Scotland a Royaumont, Faransa a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na farko . Don wannan aikin an ba ta lambar yabo ta Croix de Guerre da Médaille d'Honneur des Épidémies daga Gwamnatin Faransa. Bayan yaƙin ta ƙware a cikin obstetrics da gynaecology a matsayin Malami na Clinical da Likita na Gynaecological a Jami'ar Liverpool tare da nadin masu ba da shawara a asibitocin Liverpool. Ta kasance memba na kafa Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists a 1929, an ɗaukaka ta zuwa abokiyar kwalejin a 1931.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Ruth Nicholson a Newcastle a kan Tyne, 'yar fari ta Margaret Alison Nicholson (née White) da mijinta, Rev. Ralph Nicholson (1856-1930). Mahaifinta, wanda aka haifa a Burntisland a Fife, ya zama mai kula da Ikilisiyar Ingila da farko a matsayin mai kula da St Mark's, Newcastle a kan Tyne tsakanin 1884 da 1892, mai kula da Saint Stephen's, Low Elswick, tsakanin 1892 da 1901 sannan kuma a matsayin mai ba da izini na St Stephen's. Daga 1901 zuwa 1904, ya kasance mai kula da Ikilisiyar St John, Stratford, London, sannan Vicar na St Luke, Wallsend, 1908-1912.

Bayan makaranta a Makarantar Sakandare ta Newcastle Church, ta yi karatun likitanci a Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Durham, Newcastle a kan Tyne, ta kammala karatu a 1909 a matsayin ɗalibar mace kaɗai a shekarunta.

## Farkon aiki
Bayan kammala karatunta ta yi aiki a wani asibiti na gida kafin ta koma Edinburgh, inda mahaifiyarta ta haifa, inda ta yi aiki azaman mataimakiyar Elsie Inglis, a Asibitin Edinburgh na Mata da Yara a Bruntsfield . Asibitin ya kafa ta hanyar jagorar ilimin likita ga mata, Sophia Jex-Blake. Bayan wannan ta yi aiki a asibitin mishan a Gaza, inda ta sami ƙwarewar tiyata mai mahimmanci. A lokacin barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na I Ofishin Yakin ya karɓi aikace-aikacen ta na aiki a matsayin likitan tiyata, amma babban jami'in kiwon lafiya na rukunin da ta shiga ya ki karɓar likitan mata. Ta nemi Elsie Inglis, wacce ta kafa kungiyar Asibitocin Mata na Scotland (SWH), kuma Inglis da farin ciki ta karɓi tsohon mataimakinta a matsayin likita a sashin asibitin SWH a Royaumont kusa da Paris, sashin SWH na farko da za a kafa. Ta zama ta biyu a cikin kwamandan sashin a karkashin babban jami'in kiwon lafiya Frances Ivens, tare da shi ta raba yawancin aikin tiyata. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 1918 gado a Royaumont ya karu zuwa gadaje 600. A sakamakon haka, a watan Yulin 1918 akwai shigarwa da yawa cewa gidajen wasan kwaikwayo uku sun yi aiki duk rana kuma biyu sun yi aiki dukan dare. Vera Collum ta rubuta "Ba na tsammanin likitan likita Frances Ivens ko na biyu a cikin umurni Miss Nicholson ya taɓa samun hutawa fiye da sa'o'i uku a cikin 24 a cikin wannan makonni biyu masu wahala". 

Don hidimar da ta yi wajen kula da sojojin Faransa a Royaumont, gwamnatin Faransa ta ba ta Croix de Guerre da Médaille d"Honneur des Épidémies. 

## Ayyukan bayan yaƙi

Shugabansu Frances Ivens ne ya yi wahayi zuwa gare ta, ta yanke shawarar yin aiki a fannin haihuwa da ilimin mata. Tana aiki a matsayin likita a Birkenhead, ta shirya don jarrabawar da ake bukata kuma ta zama memba mai kafa Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (MRCOG) a 1929. Bayan shawarar da Frances Ivens ta bayar an kara mata matsayi zuwa Fellow na kwalejin (FRCOG) a shekara ta 1931. [1] An nada ta a matsayin Malami na asibiti da Likita na Gynaecological a Jami'ar Liverpool a cikin 1930 a maye gurbin Frances Ivens kuma ta gudanar da nadin mai ba da shawara a asibitocin Liverpool ban da aikinta na sirri. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta zama shugabar kungiyar Obstetrics da Gynaecology ta Arewacin Ingila.[2]

## Rayuwa ta baya
Ta yi ritaya zuwa Kudancin Devon. Kamar yawancin tsoffin abokan aikinta a Royaumont ta ci gaba da halartar tarurrukan Royaumond har zuwa 1960. Zuwa ƙarshen rayuwarta tsohuwar 'yar'uwar Royaumont ce ta kula da ita. Ta mutu a Exeter a 1963 tana da shekaru 77. 

## Bikin Tunawa
An kaddamar da takardar shuɗi don tunawa da Ruth Nicholson a tsohon gidanta a 32 Kenilworth Road, Elswick, Newcastle a kan Tyne a ranar 27 ga watan Agusta 2021.

## Manazarta