Hawa Abdi

**Hawa Abdi Dhiblawe**  ( Somali,  , Mayu 17, 19475 ga Agusta Shekara ta 2020) 'yar gwagwarmayar kare hakkin 'yan adam ce kuma likita. Ita ce ta kafa kuma shugabar gidauniyar Dr. Hawa Abdi (DHAF), ƙungiya mai zaman kanta.

## Shekarun farko
An haifi Abdi a Mogadishu, kuma ta zauna a kudu maso tsakiyar Somalia.  Mahaifiyarta ta rasu tana da shekara 12 a duniya. Bayan haka, Abdi ta yi ayyukan iyali, har da renon kannenta guda huɗu. Mahaifinta kwararre ne  wanda ke aiki a tashar jiragen ruwa na babban birnin. 

Domin karatun farko, Abdi ta halarci makarantar firamare, da sakandare.  A shekarar 1964, ta samu tallafin karatu daga kwamitin mata na Tarayyar Soviet. Daga baya Abdi ta karanci likitanci a Kiev Medical Institute, inda ta kammala a shekarar 1971. A shekara ta gaba, ta fara karatun shari'a a sabuwar jami'ar Somaliya da aka bude a Mogadishu. Za ta yi aikin likitanci da safe kuma ta yi aiki zuwa digirinta na shari'a a cikin lokacinta, daga ƙarshe ta sami shi a shekarar 1979.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Lokacin da Abdi tana ƴar shekara goma sha biyu, ta yi auren dole tare da wani babban mutum wanda ɗan sanda ne. Auren da aka shirya na ɗan gajeren lokaci ya ƙare bayan shekaru da yawa, kafin ta bar Somaliya zuwa Moscow sannan kuma Kiev. A cikin shekarun da ta yi a USSR, ta hadu da Aden Mohammed, wani dalibi dan kasar Somaliya.  

A 1973, Abdi ya auri Aden kuma ta haifi ɗanta na farko bayan shekaru biyu.  Sun haifi 'ya'ya uku: Deqo, Amina, da Ahmed. Ahmed ya rasu ne a wani hatsarin mota da ya rutsa da shi a shekarar 2005 a birnin Hargeysa, yayin da ya ziyarci mahaifinsa da ya rabu da Abdi.  Deqo da Amina duka sun zama likitoci. 

Abdi ta mutu a ranar 5 ga Agusta, 2020, a gidanta a Mogadishu. Ta kasance 73: ba a bayyana dalilin mutuwar ba. 

## Sana'a

### Kungiyar Cigaban Kiwon Lafiyar Karkara
A shekarar 1983, Abdi ta buɗe Ƙungiyar Raya Lafiya ta Ƙauye (RHDO) akan filayen mallakar iyali a kudancin yankin Lower Shebelle. An fara ne a matsayin asibitin daki daya wanda ke ba da sabis na likitocin haihuwa kyauta ga mata kusan 24 na karkara a kowace rana, kuma daga baya ya zama asibiti mai gadaje 400. 

Lokacin da yakin basasa ya barke a Somaliya a farkon shekarun 1990, Abdi ta tsaya a baya bisa ga umarnin kakarta, wacce ta shawarce ta da ta yi amfani da cancantarta don taimakawa masu rauni. Daga nan ta kafa sabon asibitin da makaranta ga wadanda suka rasa matsugunnai da marayu. 

An sake yiwa RHDO suna Dr. Hawa Abdi Foundation (DHAF) a cikin 2007.  A hankali ya faɗaɗa har ya haɗa da sansanin agaji, wanda a lokacin fari na 2011 ya tanadi mutane 90,000 akan kadada 1,300 da ke kewaye da asibitin Abdi.  

Shekaru biyu gabanin haka, a daidai lokacin da masu kishin Islama ke fama da tashe tashen hankula a kudancin Somaliya, mayakan sun yi wa ginin kawanya tare da yunkurin tilasta wa Abdi ta rufe shi. Ta tsaya tsayin daka, kuma 'yan tawayen sun fice cikin mako guda, sakamakon matsin lamba daga mazauna yankin, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da sauran kungiyoyin bayar da shawarwari.   Mayakan sun sake kai farmaki a yankin a watan Fabrairun 2012, lamarin da ya sa Abdi ta dakatar da ayyukan na wani dan lokaci har sai sun tashi daga karshe. 

### Dr. Hawa Abdi Foundation

Gidauniyar Dr. Hawa Abdi (DHAF) ta kasance karkashin kulawar Abdi da ’ya’yanta likitoci mata biyu, Shugaba Deqo Adan (wanda aka fi sani da Deqo Mohamed) da mataimakiyar Adan (wanda aka fi sani da Amina Mohamed),  wadanda suka bi sawun mahaifiyarsu kamar ƙwararrun ob/gyn.  Ya zuwa shekarar 2012, kungiyar tana da ma’aikata na kasa-da-kasa na ma’aikata 102, wanda wata tawaga mai mutane 150 ta hada da masu aikin sa kai, masunta da manoma. 

DHAF kungiya ce da ba ta siyasa ba wacce ba ta da alaka da kowace gwamnati, motsin siyasa, addini ko dangi. DHAF ta yanke shawarar irin ayyukan da za a yi da kuma irin agajin da za a bayar bisa la'akari da bukatun ƙauyen. DHAF kuma kungiya ce mai zaman kanta ta kudi. Ana ba da dukkanin kudaden ne ta hanyar gudummawa daga jama'a a duniya da sauran abubuwan taimako. An haramta tallafin gwamnati. Tun 1991, DHAF ta ba da sabis ga Somaliyawa waɗanda ba su da 'yanci daga danginsu. Ana ba da sabis ga mutanen Somaliya ba tare da tsada ba. 

Filin DHAF ya ƙunshi asibiti, makaranta da cibiyar abinci mai gina jiki,  kuma tana ba da matsuguni, ruwa da kula da lafiya ga galibin mata da yara.   Tun lokacin da aka kafa shi a farkon shekarun 1980, hadaddun ya yi aiki kimanin &nbsp;mutane miliyan 2. 

Ko da yake ana ba da sabis ba tare da caji ba, Abdi tana gudanar da ayyukan kamun kifi da noma da yawa a cikin harabar don koyar da abin dogaro da kai. Haka kuma asibitin ya kunshi wani dan karamin fili, inda ake noman kayan lambu da masara daga baya kuma a sayar da shi domin biyan wasu kudaden kula da ginin. 

Kudade da kayan aiki da kayan aikin jinya ana samun su ne ta hanyar kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe daga ƴan ƙasashen waje na Somaliya da kuma gudummawar gaba ɗaya ga DHAF.   Tun daga shekarar 2011, ƙungiyar ta kuma sami tallafi daga gidauniyar Mata a Duniya. 

## Kyauta
An nada Abdi a matsayin gwarzuwar shekara  *Hiiraan Online* a shekarar 2007.  Mujallar *Glamour* daga baya ta sanya mata suna da 'ya'yanta mata biyu a shekarar 2010 "Matan Mafi Girma".  Shekaru biyu bayan haka, an zabe ta don kyautar Nobel ta zaman lafiya.  Ta kuma sami lambar yabo ta Mata masu tasiri daga WITW Foundation,  BET's Social Humanitarian Award,  da John Jay Medal for Justice. 

A shekarar 2014, Abdi ta sami lambar yabo ta Roosevelt Four Freedoms Award a Middelburg, Netherlands.   An ba ta lambar yabo ta Zaman Lafiya ta Ginin Pilosio bayan shekara guda. 

Jami'ar Pennsylvania ta ba wa Abdi digirin girmamawa na Kimiyya a watan Mayu 2016.  A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu na shekara mai zuwa, Abdi ta sami digirin girmamawa na Doctor of Laws daga Jami'ar Harvard. 

## Ayyuka

*  Keeping Hope Alive: One Woman—90,000 Lives Changed. New York City: Grand Central Publishing. 2013. .

## Manazarta