open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Mata A Algeria

A tsawon tarihin kasar **[[Aljeriya]]** a matsayin kasa mai cin gashin kanta, ana samun rikici tsakanin masu rajin kare hakkin mata da masu ra'ayin mazan jiya game da matsayin mata a kasar Aljeriya.  Dokar Iyali ta Aljeriya ta 1984 ta kafa wasu nau'ikan rashin daidaiton jinsi da wariya ga mata. An aiwatar da wasu gyare-gyare na ci gaba a cikin 2005 gyare-gyaren dokar, amma har yanzu mata ba su da daidaito a karkashin dokar Aljeriya. 

## Asali
Aljeriya kasa ce da ke arewacin Afirka a gabar tekun Bahar Rum.  Bayan tsawaita mulkin Faransa, Aljeriya ta sami 'yencin kai daga Faransa a shekara ta 1962. Yaƙin basasar Aljeriya (1991-2002) ya yi mummunan tasiri a rayuwar mata.  Kashi 99% na al’ummar Larabawa-Berber ne, haka nan kashi 99% na al’ummar musulmi ne, galibinsu ‘yan Sunna ne.  A kasar Aljeriya, kamar sauran yankunan MENA, a al'adance ana daukar mata a matsayin mai kula da gida, duk da haka, mata su ne kashi 65% na wadanda suka kammala jami'a a Aljeriya, kuma su ne suka fi kowa ilimi.  Aljeriya kuma tana da kyakkyawar al'adar girmama dangi, har ma da wasu 'yan ƙasa masu sassaucin ra'ayi.

## Manazarta
Kai Mai Girma

My Precious You (Korean) jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin ne na kasar  Koriya ta Kudu na shekara ta alif 2008. An watsa shi a kan KBS2 a ranakun Asabar zuwa Lahadi a 19:55 don aukuwa 54 tun daga ranar 4 ga Oktoban shekarar 2008. 

## Masu ba da labari

### Hannun hannu

* Hong Ah-reum a matsayin Kim Bo-ri
* Kim Sung-soo a matsayin Lee In-ho / Jun Sul
* Lee Tae-ran a matsayin Jang In-ho
* Ji Hyun-woo a matsayin Jang Shin-ho
** Park Joon-mok a matsayin matashi Shin-ho
* Song Joong-ki a matsayin Jang Jin-ho
* Yoo In-young a matsayin Baek Se-ra
* Hong Soo-ah a matsayin Baek Jae-ra
* Choi Jin-hyuk a matsayin Ha Dong-woo / Alex

### Taimako

* Shin Ki-joon a matsayin Lee Eun-oo
* Kim Soo-jung a matsayin Lee Ji-oo
* Park Joo-ah a matsayin kakar Jeon Seol
* Park In-hwan a matsayin Jang Il-nam (In Ho, mahaifin Shin-ho & Jin-ho) 
* Park Joon-gyu a matsayin Baek Joon-shik (mahaifin Jae-ra & Se-ra) 
* Park Hae-mi a matsayin Nam Joo-ri (mahaifiyar Jae-ra da Se-ra) 

### Sauran mutane

* Na Moon-hee a matsayin Song In-soon (tsohuwar matar Il-nam) 
* Choi Su-rin a matsayin Seo Young-joo (tsohuwar matar In-ho) 
* Kim San-ho a matsayin Kang Min (sauraron Young-joo) 
* Yoon Hae-young a matsayin Park Jem-ma (mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen rediyo) 
* Choi Ah-jin a matsayin Mi-ri (gopher na rediyo) 
* Choi Yoon-so a matsayin Han Yoo-jin
* Choi Seung-kyung a matsayin Chef Jung-geum
* Kwon Ki-sun a matsayin mahaifiyar In-ho
* Jang Yoo-joon a matsayin sabon mawaƙi Kim Ji-won
* Song Jong-ho a matsayin (In-ho's blind date) 
* Kim Woo-suk a matsayin Eun Woo
* Shinee (cameo, ep 9-10) 
* Oh Ji-ho a matsayin kansa (cameo, eps 7, 9, 10) 
* Tae Jin-ah a matsayin kansa (cameo, ep 1) 
* Heo Soo-kyung a matsayin kanta (cameo, ep 1) 
* Oh Min-suk a matsayin malamin Jae-ra
* Waƙar Seung-yong

## Bayani

## manazarta
Yaki A Uganda (1968 1994)

Daga shekarar 1986 zuwa 1994, kungiyoyin 'yan tawaye daban-daban sun kaddamar da yakin basasa da gwamnatin shugaba Yoweri Museveni na Uganda.  Galibin fadan dai ya faru ne a arewaci da gabashin kasar, duk da cewa yankunan yammaci da tsakiyar kasar ma abin ya shafa.  Bangarorin masu tayar da kayar baya sun hada da Uganda People's Democratic Army (UPDA), Uganda People's Army (UPA), Alice Auma's Holy Spirit Movement (HSM), da kuma Joseph Kony (wanda daga baya ya zama Lord's Resistance Army).  Wasu ƙananan ƙungiyoyin 'yan tawaye da ƙungiyoyin ɓangarorin manyan ƙungiyoyi sun gudanar da nasu kamfen;  'Yan tawayen sun sha yin arangama da juna.  Dukkanin maharan, ciki har da gwamnati, sun kai hari kan fararen hula tare da keta hakin bil'adama.  A yayin da ake gwabza fadan da ya hada dubun dubatan dakaru, gwamnatin Uganda ta samu nasarar fatattakar 'yan tawaye a hankali ko kuma ta dakushe mafi yawan bangarorin 'yan tawaye.  Ayyukan da aka yi a arewaci da gabas sun haifar da barna mai yawa tare da haddasa asarar rayuka da dama.By 1994, the HSM and UPDA had disintegrated, the UPA had been reduced to small splinter groups, and Joseph Kony and his forces were at least weakened. However, the situation in the entire region drastically shifted in that year, as outside powers intervened and began to fund insurgencies to topple Museveni. In turn, Uganda was drawn into cross-border conflicts in Zaire and Sudan. These developments resulted in a resurgence of insurgent activity in northern Uganda. Several groups which emerged during the 1986–1994 conflict, including Kony's Lord's Resistance Army, continue their insurgencies to the present day. 

## Asali
Bayan samun 'yancin kai a shekara ta 1962, Uganda ta fada karkashin gwamnatocin kama-karya, ta sha fama da rikicin tattalin arziki, kuma ta fuskanci rikice-rikicen soji da dama.  A shekarar 1979, an hambarar da shugaban kasar Uganda Idi Amin a lokacin yakin Uganda-Tanzaniya, sannan kuma tsohon shugaban kasar Milton Obote ya dawo kan mulki. Sassan sojojin Uganda na Amin da ƙungiyoyin adawa da Obote daban-daban sun kaddamar da tawaye, wanda ya haifar da yakin Bush na Uganda mai barna sosai.  

## Manazarta
Yakin Peters

**Yaƙin Peters**  ya kasance rikici da farko tsakanin sojojin Peter Par Jiek da Peter Gadet daga Yuni 2000 zuwa Agusta 2001 a cikin Unity State, Sudan.  Ko da yake su biyun shugabannin rassan gida ne na manyan kungiyoyin 'yan tawaye da ke da hannu a yakin basasar Sudan ta biyu (SPDF da SPLA, bi da bi), arangama tsakanin kwamandojin biyu hakika yaki ne na sirri.  A yayin da Par da Gadet ke fafatawa da juna, gwamnatin Sudan ta yi amfani da rikicin ‘yan tawaye a matsayin wani bangare na dabarun rarraba da mulki, da nufin raunana ‘yan tawayen gaba daya da kuma ba da damar hako mai mai daraja a jihar Unity.  A ƙarshe, Gadet da Par sun yi sulhu a lokacin da shugabanninsu suka amince da haɗa SPDF da SPLA.  

## Manazarta
Yaki A Darfur

**Yakin Darfur,** wanda kuma ake yi wa lakabi da **Land Cruiser War**, [bayanin kula 1] wani babban rikici ne na makami a yankin Darfur na kasar Sudan wanda ya fara a watan Fabrairun 2003 lokacin da kungiyoyin 'yan tawaye na Sudan Liberation Movement (SLM) da Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) suka fara yaki da gwamnatin Sudan, wadanda suka zarga da zaluntar al'ummar Darfur wadanda ba Larabawa ba.  Gwamnati ta mayar da martani kan hare-haren ta hanyar gudanar da wani gangamin kawar da kabilanci a kan wadanda ba Larabawa ba na Darfur.  Wannan ya yi sanadin mutuwar dubban daruruwan fararen hula tare da tuhumar shugaban kasar Sudan Omar al-Bashir da laifin kisan kare dangi da laifukan yaki da kuma cin zarafin bil adama da kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya ta yi. Wani bangare na rikicin ya kunshi sojojin Sudan, 'yan sanda, da Janjaweed, kungiyar 'yan tawayen Sudan wadanda akasarin mambobinta ake daukarsu aiki a tsakanin 'yan asalin Afirka Larabawa da kuma wasu tsirarun 'yan kabilar Bedouin na arewacin Rizeigat;  Yawancin sauran kungiyoyin Larabawa a Darfur sun kasance ba su da hannu. Bangaren kuma ya kunshi kungiyoyin ‘yan tawaye, musamman SLM/A da JEM, wadanda aka dauka da farko daga kabilun Musulman Fur, Zaghawa, da Masalit wadanda ba Larabawa ba. Har ila yau kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na da tawagar wanzar da zaman lafiya ta hadin gwiwa a yankin mai suna UNAMID. Duk da cewa gwamnatin Sudan ta musanta cewa tana goyon bayan kungiyar Janjaweed, amma shaidu sun tabbatar da ikirarin cewa ta ba da taimakon kudi da makamai da hada kai hare-hare na hadin gwiwa, da yawa kan fararen hula. Kiyasin adadin mutanen da suka mutu ya kai dubu dari da suka mutu, daga yaki ko yunwa da cututtuka.  Matsugunan jama'a da ƙaura na tilastawa sun tilasta wa miliyoyin mutane shiga sansanonin 'yan gudun hijira ko ketare iyaka, lamarin da ya haifar da rikicin bil adama.  Sakataren harkokin wajen Amurka Colin Powell ya bayyana lamarin a matsayin kisan kiyashi ko ayyukan kisan kare dangi. 

Gwamnatin Sudan da JEM sun rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar tsagaita bude wuta a watan Fabrairun 2010, tare da kulla yarjejeniyoyin neman zaman lafiya.  JEM ita ce ta fi samun riba daga tattaunawar kuma za ta iya ganin 'yancin cin gashin kai, kamar Sudan ta Kudu. Sai dai tattaunawar ta wargaza sakamakon zargin da sojojin Sudan suka yi na kai hare-hare da kuma kai farmaki kan wani kauye, wanda hakan ya saba wa yarjejeniyar Tolu.  Kungiyar ta JEM, kungiyar 'yan tawaye mafi girma a Darfur, ta sha alwashin kauracewa tattaunawar.

Sanarwar daftarin tsarin mulkin watan Agusta na 2019, wanda sojoji da wakilan farar hula suka rattaba hannu a lokacin juyin juya halin Sudan, na bukatar a samar da tsarin zaman lafiya da zai kai ga cimma yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya a Darfur da sauran yankunan da ake fama da rikici a Sudan a cikin watanni shida na farko na watanni 39 na mika mulki ga gwamnatin farar hula ta dimokradiyya.

An rattaba hannu kan wata cikakkiyar yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya a ranar 31 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2020 tsakanin hukumomin Sudan da wasu kungiyoyin 'yan tawaye don kawo karshen tashin hankalin da ke dauke da makamai.

## Manazarta
Matashi na Wata

***Moon Young*** ( Korean    ) fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Koriya ta Kudu a shekarar 2015 wanda Kim So-yeon ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni kuma tare da tauraro Kim Tae-ri . 

## Masu ba da labari

* Kim Tae-ri a matsayin Moon-matashi
* Jung Hyun a matsayin Hee-soo
* Park Wan-gyu a matsayin Uba
* Park Jung-sik a matsayin Kwon Hyuk-chul
* Jang Hyang-sook a matsayin mace mai tsakiya 1
* Heo Won-jeong a matsayin mace mai tsakiya 2
* Nam Bo-ra a matsayin Yeong-eun
* Lee Jin-kyeong a matsayin Malami

## Saki
An yi fim a watan Fabrairun 2013,  Moon Young ya fara fitowa a matsayin ɗan gajeren fim a bikin fina-finai na Seoul a cikin 2015, kimanin minti 43 a tsawon. 

An fitar da fim din da aka fadada, tare da lokacin gudu na minti 64, a wasan kwaikwayo a ranar 12 ga Janairu, 2017.

## manazarta
David Wasawo

Farfesa **David Peter Simon Wasawo** (sha’bakwai 17 ga Mayu shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da ishirin da uku 1923 - zuwa hudu 4 ga watan Fabrairu shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha’hudu 2014) masanin dabbobi ne na Kenya, mai kiyayewa, kuma mai kula da jami'a.  Bayan ya yi karatu a jami'ar Makerere ta kasar Uganda ya sami digirin digirgir (M.A.) a jami'ar Oxford da digirin digirgir a jami'ar Landan.  Ya koyar a Jami'ar Makerere, kuma Farfesa ne kuma shugaban tsangayar kimiyya a Jami'ar Nairobi, sannan kuma shugaban jami'ar Great Lakes ta Kisumu.Shi ne dan Afirka ta Gabas na farko da ya samu digiri a fannin kimiyya, kuma ya koyar da wasu fitattun malaman gabashin Afirka.  Abubuwan bincikensa sun haɗa da kifin marmara da tsutsotsi na oligochaete, kuma daga baya ya zama mai ba da shawara na kimiyya, darekta, kuma mai ba da shawara ga ƙungiyoyin ci gaban duniya da yawa.  An ba shi digirin girmamawa na Doctor na Kimiyya daga Jami'ar Kenyatta da Jami'ar Nairobi kuma gwamnatin Kenya ta yaba wa Dattijon Order of the Burning Spear  

## Rayuwar Farko da Ilimi
An haifi Farfesa Wasawa sha’bakwai 17 ga watan Mayu shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da ishirin da uku 1923 a Gem, gundumar Siaya, Kenya, ga iyayen Petro (Peter) Onyango Osare da Ana Omondi, dangin Luo na Kenya.

Ya shiga makarantar Maseno a shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da talatin da bakwai 1937 kuma ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Alliance daga shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da arba’in da biyu 1942 zuwa shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da arba’in da uku 1943, inda masanin lissafi Edward Carey Francis ya koyar da shi, wanda daga baya, da aka tambaye shi wanene mafi hazikin dalibi da ya taba koyarwa, sai ya amsa da "Nsa da nesa, David Wasawo" .

### Jamai'a
Farfesa Wasawa ya shiga Jami’ar Makerere ta Uganda ne a shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da arba’in da hudu 1944, wadda a lokacin ta ba da difloma ne kawai ba digiri ba.  Ya mayar da hankali kan ilmin halitta kuma ya yi fice a karatunsa, kuma shugaban makarantar Makerere ya ba Farfesa Wasawa cikakken goyon baya don halartar jami'ar Oxford da ke Ingila.  Ya sami digiri na Master of Arts a Zoology a shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da hamsin da daya 1951 ya zama dan Afirka ta gabas na farko da aka ba shi digiri a kimiyya.

## Manazarta
Como

**Como** birni ne kuma gama gari (mbardy, Italiya). Shi ne babban birnin gudanarwa na lardin Como. An kafa shi a reshen kudu maso yammacin tafkin Como mai ban sha'awa, birnin sanannen wurin yawon bude ido ne, wanda aka yi bikinsa don kyawawan shimfidar wurare, kayan tarihi, da mahimmancin al'adu. 

Babban wurinsa a gabar tafkin Como da kusancinsa da tsaunin Alps ya sanya Como ya zama sanannen wurin yawon bude ido. Garin yana da tarin tarin fasaha, wuraren addini, lambuna masu ban sha'awa, gidajen tarihi, gidajen wasan kwaikwayo, wuraren shakatawa na jama'a, da manyan fadoji, gami da gunkin Duomo, wurin zama na Diocese na Como; Basilica na Sant'Abbondio; Villa Olmo; lambunan jama'a tare da Tempio Voltiano; Teatro Sociale; da Broletto, babban zauren gari na tsakiyar gari; da Casa del Fascio na ƙarni na 20, alamar gine-ginen zamani.

Como ya kasance wurin haifuwar manyan mashahuran tarihi masu yawa, gami da mawaƙin Romawa Caecilius, wanda Catullus ya ambata a cikin karni na 1 BC, mashahuran marubutan Pliny the Elder da Pliny the Younger, Paparoma Innocent XI, masanin kimiyya na farko Alessandro Volta, Cosima Liszt da matar Wa Richards na Wat, Cosima Liszt. Sant'Elia (1888-1916), masanin gine-ginen nan gaba kuma babban jigo a cikin motsin gine-gine na zamani.

## Tarihi
Tuddan da ke kewaye da Como na zamani suna zama tun zamanin Iron Age, asalin kabilar Celtic Orobii. Waɗannan mutanen, a cewar Pliny the Elder da masana na zamani, suna da alaƙa da tsoffin Ligurians, rukuni mai kama da Celts. Har yanzu ana iya samun ragowar matsuguni a kan tsaunukan dazuzzuka a kudu maso yammacin birnin, musamman a gundumar Rebbio. Yankunan Breccia da Prestino, tare da maƙwabtan San Fermo della Battaglia da Cavallasca, suma suna nuna shaidar al'adun Golasecca, tun daga zamanin Iron. Daga baya, ƙaura na Celtic na biyu ya kawo ƙabilun Gaulish, musamman Insubres, zuwa yankin Como.

Kusan karni na farko BC, Romawa sun tabbatar da ikonsu akan yankin. Kodayake asalin mazaunin yana cikin tsaunuka, Julius Kaisar ya ba da umarnin ƙaura garin zuwa wurin da yake gefen tafkin. Ya ba da umarnin zubar da ruwa a kusa da iyakar kudancin tafkin kuma ya aiwatar da tsarin grid na Romawa na birnin da ke da katanga, tare da tituna suna haɗuwa a kusurwoyi masu kyau. Sabon garin da aka kafa, mai suna Novum Comum, an ba shi matsayin gundumomi, birni mai cin gashin kansa na Romawa. A cikin wani muhimmin binciken binciken kayan tarihi a watan Satumba na 2018, an gano ɗaruruwan tsabar zinare masu alaƙa da 474 AD a cikin ginshiƙi na tsohon gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Cressoni. Wadannan tsabar kudi, da aka yi amfani da su a lokacin mulkin sarakunan Romawa Honorius da sauransu, suna kunshe ne a cikin amphora na sabulu mai hannu biyu, yana ba da haske mai mahimmanci game da ƙarshen zamanin Roman a yankin.

## Manazarta
UEFA

**Kungiyar Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Turai**, tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi shida na nahiyar a cikin ƙwallon ƙafa. Yana kula da kwallon kafa, futsal da Kwallon rairayin bakin teku a Turai da ƙasashen Turkiyya, Azerbaijan, Georgia da Kazakhstan, da kuma ƙasashen Yammacin Asiya na Cyprus, Armenia da Isra'ila. **UEFA** ta kunshi membobin 55 na kungiyar kasa. Tun daga shekara ta 2022, saboda mamayewar Rasha a Ukraine, FIFA da UEFA sun dakatar da dukkan kungiyoyin kasar Rasha da kungiyoyi daga duk wani gasa na FIFA da UEFA.

## Tarihi
An kaddamar da UEFA a hukumance a ranar 15 ga Yuni 1954 a Basel, Switzerland, bayan shawarwari tsakanin kungiyoyin Italiya, Faransanci, da Belgium. A taron kafa, mambobi 25 sun halarci taron. Koyaya, wasu ƙungiyoyi shida waɗanda ba su kasance ba har yanzu an san su a matsayin membobin kafa, wanda ya kawo jimlar ƙungiyoyin kafa zuwa 31. UEFA ta karu zuwa mambobi sama da 50 a tsakiyar shekarun 1990, yayin da aka haifi sabbin ƙungiyoyi daga ragargajewar Tarayyar Soviet, Yugoslavia da Czechoslovakia a cikin jihohin su. Babban hedkwatar UEFA bayan kafuwarta tana cikin Paris, amma ta koma Bern a shekarar 1960. A ƙarshe, sun koma Nyon, Switzerland, a cikin 1995, suna buɗe hedkwatar kungiyar ta yanzu a shekarar 1999.

Kasancewar membobin UEFA sun dace da mafi yawanci tare da amincewa a matsayin ƙasa mai cin gashin kanta a Turai (48 daga cikin mambobi 55 sune kasashe membobin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya masu cin gashin kansu), kodayake akwai wasu banbanci. Ɗaya daga cikin membobin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (Monaco) da kuma wata ƙasa mai lura da Majalisar Dinkinobho (Vatican City) ba membobin ba ne. Wasu mambobin UEFA ba jihohi masu zaman kansu ba ne, amma suna cikin wani ɓangare na babbar ƙasa mai zaman kanta a cikin yanayin dokar kasa da kasa. Wadannan sun hada da Ingila, Arewacin Ireland, Scotland da Wales (kasashe masu zaman kansu na Burtaniya), Gibraltar (ƙasar ƙasashen waje ta Burtaniya), Tsibirin Faroe (Danish Realm), da Kosovo (jiha da ke da iyakantaccen sanarwa), duk da haka, a cikin mahallin waɗannan ƙasashe, ana gudanar da ayyukan gwamnati game da wasanni a matakin yanki tare da ƙungiyar memba ta UEFA. UEFA a baya ta ki zama memba ga waɗanda aka ɗauka a matsayin ƙasashe marasa ikon mallakar kamar Jersey.
Hira Devi Waiba

**Hira Devi Waiba** (an haife ta ne a ranar 9 Satumba 1940 - 19 Janairu 2011) ta kasance mawaƙan gargajiya na Indiya a cikin yaren Nepali kuma an yaba da ita a matsayin majagaba na waƙoƙin gargajiya na Nepali .

Waƙarta "Chura ta Hoina Astura" an ce ita ce Tamang Selo ta farko (wani nau'in kiɗa na gargajiya na Nepali) da aka taɓa yin rikodin. Hira Devi Waiba ita ce kadai mawaƙan gargajiya na Nepali da ta yanke kundin (a cikin 1974 da 1978) tare da HMV .  Ita ce kadai mai raira waƙoƙin gargajiya na Nepali tare da All India Radio . Har ila yau, ita ce mai zane-zane na farko da Music Nepal, babban gidan kiɗa a Nepal ya rubuta kuma ya fitar da kundi. Kafin wannan Music Nepal kawai ta fitar da tarin waƙoƙi da sakewa 

## Rayuwa da kiɗa
Hira Devi Waiba ta fito ne daga dangin mawaƙa daga Ambootia Tea Estate kusa da Kurseong a Yammacin Bengal kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin layin dogon ƙarni na mawaƙa da mawaƙa na gargajiya na Nepali. An haife ta ne ga iyayen Singh Man Singh Waiba (mahaifiyarta) da Tshering Dolma (mahaifa). Ta raira kusan waƙoƙin gargajiya 300 a lokacin aikinta na kiɗa wanda ya kai shekaru 40. Ta fara aikin waka ne lokacin da ta yi rikodin waƙoƙi uku a Kurseong don Rediyon Nepal a shekarar 1966. Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da labari a gidan rediyo na All India a Kurseong daga 1963 zuwa 1965.

Waƙoƙin Waiba da suka shahara sun haɗa da Phariya Lyaaidiyechan, Ora Daudi Jaanda da Ramri tah Ramri . A matsayin girmamawa ga mahaifinta, Waiba ta bude SM Waiba International Music and Dance Academy a gidanta a Kadamtala, kusa da Siliguri a cikin 2008.

## Mutuwa
Hira Waiba ta mutu a ranar 19 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2011 tana da shekaru 71 bayan ta samu rauni a cikin hadarin wuta a gidanta. Ta sami 'ya'ya biyu Navneet Aditya Waiba da Satya Aditya Waiva dukansu mawaƙa ne.

## Yarinya da ɗa haraji
A matsayin girmamawa ga Legend Hira Devi Waiba, 'ya'yanta Satya Waiba da Navneet Aditya Waiba sun sake yin rikodin kuma sun saki wasu daga cikin waƙoƙin da ta buga a cikin 2016-2017. Navneet ya raira waƙa kuma Satya ya samar kuma ya gudanar da aikin 'Ama Lai Shraddhanjali - Godiya ga Uwar', saboda haka ya kara da gadon iyali.

## Kyaututtuka
Hira Devi ta sami lambar yabo ta Mitrasen Purashkar ta Nepali Akademi na Darjeeling a 1986, da Mitrasen Smriti Puraskar ta gwamnatin Sikkim a 1996, Bhanu Academy Puraskar, da Agam Singh Giri Puraskar a 2001 da kuma Gorkha Saheed Sewa Samiti's Lifetime Achievement Award. Gwamnatin Nepal ta ba ta lambar yabo ta Gorkha Dakshina Bahu (Knighthood of Nepal), Sadhana Samman da Madhurima Phul Kumari Mahato . 

## Dubi kuma

* Navneet Aditya Waiba
* Ama Lai Shradhanjali
* Waƙoƙin Nepali
* Tamang Selo

## Manazarta
Hashaka Kabahweza Florence

**Hashaka Kabahweza Florence** 'yar siyasar ƙasar Uganda ce. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin wakilai mata a majalisar dokokin Uganda ta 8, mai wakiltar gundumar Kamwenge.  Ta koma jam’iyyar siyasa ta National Resistance Movement (NRM).

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Ta riƙe muƙamin mamba a majalisar dokokin Uganda daga lokacin majalisar dokokin Uganda na 8th na gundumar Kamwenge, daga shekarun 2006 zuwa 2011.  A babban zaɓen ƙasar Uganda na shekara ta 2011, ta rasa muƙamin a hannun Nshaija Dorothy Kabaraitsya. Ta yi yunkurin sake shiga majalisar ne a shekarar 2020 amma ta samu kuri'u 4,761 kacal a kan kuri'u 25,453 da Sylvia Bahereira ta samu, da kuri'u 37,938 da Dorothy Azeirwe Kabaritsya ta samu wacce ta samu 37,938  

Duk da rawar da ta taka a zaɓen fidda gwani, Hashaka Kabahweza ta fuskanci matsaloli a babban zaɓen shekarar 2020. Ita da tawagarta sun taɓo zarge-zargen cin hanci da rashawa a lokacin zaɓen. A cewarsu, adadin kuri’un da magatakardar gundumar NRM, Asuman Mugisha, ya bayyana, bai yi daidai da alkaluman fom ɗin shelanta da wakilanta suka sanya wa hannu ba. Wannan saɓanin ya haifar da damuwa game da ingancin zaɓen. 

Ta zama mamba a hukumar kula da layin dogo ta Uganda a shekarar 2022.   

## Manazarta
Joan Namutaawe

**Joan Namutaawe** 'yar siyasar ƙasar Uganda ce.  Ta kasance wakiliyar mata a gundumar Masaka a majalisa ta goma sha ɗaya.  A majalisar dokokin Uganda, tana aiki a kwamitin kula da ayyukan gwamnati da na ƙananan hukumomi. 

## Aikin siyasa
A ranar 27 ga watan Afrilu, 2023, Namutaawe tare da 'yan majalisar mata 10 a wajen kofar ginin majalisar kamar yadda aka kama su aka kai su ofishin 'yan sanda na birnin Kampala yayin da suke tattaki zuwa ma'aikatar harkokin cikin gida don nuna rashin amincewarsu da kama 'yan majalisar mata a faɗin ƙasar da suka je mazaɓar su domin tuntuɓar masu kaɗa kuri'a kan batutuwa daban-daban.    

## Duba kuma
Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokoki na goma sha daya na Uganda

## Manazarta
Urmila Balawant ta cancanta

**Urmila Balavant Apte** ita ce ƴar Indiya wacce ta kafa kungiyar BhartiyaStree Shakti a shekarar 1988 wacce aka sadaukar da ita ga karfafa mata. Ta sami Nari Shakti Puraskar daga Shugaba Ram Nath Kovind a cikin 2018 saboda aikinta.

## Rayuwa
Apte masanin lissafi ne wanda ya sami digiri na biyu daga Jami'ar Mumbai a lissafi. A shekara ta 1969 ta yi amfani da cancantar koyarwa da digiri na biyu don koyar da lissafi a kwalejoji daban-daban a Mumbai.

Ta kafa, Bhartiya Stree Shakti (BSS), a cikin 1988. BSS kungiya ce don karfafa mata. Kungiyar tana neman kawo karshen nuna bambanci bisa ga jinsi  da kuma karfafa mata. Yana aiki don amincewa da gudummawar mata ga al'umma da iyali.

Ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Bhartiya Stree Shakti har zuwa 1995. A wannan shekarar ta zama Sakatariyar Shirye-shiryen Indiya kuma wannan rawar ce da ta riƙe har zuwa 2014. A lokacin da ta yi tafiya a fadin gundumar ta don tallafawa wadanda ke da sha'awar kungiyar Bharatiya Stree Shakti. Jihohi goma a Indiya suna da aƙalla reshe ɗaya kuma jimillar akwai rassa 33. Daga shekara ta 2014 ta zauna a Majalisar Zartarwa ta Kasa ta BSS . 

A cikin 2018 taron kwana biyu na Bhartiya Stree Shakti don bikin shekaru talatin tun lokacin da aka kafa shi ya ja hankalin wakilai 1,000 daga ko'ina cikin Indiya.

An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nari Shakti Puraskar a ranar Mata ta Duniya a shekarar 2018.  Shugaba Kovind ne ya ba da kyautar a fadar shugaban kasa (Rastrapati Bhavan) a New Delhi tare da Firayim Minista na Indiya, Narendra Modi ma ya halarci. An girmama mutane talatin da tara ko kungiyoyi a wannan shekarar. Sun sami kyautar da kyautar $ R 100,000.

## Manazarta
Vanita Jagdeo Borade

**Vanita Jagdeo Borade** (an haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Mayu shekara ta 1975) 'yar Indiya ce mai kiyaye muhalli kuma ta kafa Gidauniyar Soyre Vanchare Multipurpose, wacce ke aiki a kare namun daji. Ta ƙware a ceton macizai kuma an san ta da "mace ta farko a Indiya". Borade ta karbi Nari Shakti Puraskar daga gwamnatin Indiya don nuna godiya ga kokarin kiyayewa.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
An haifi Vanita Jagdeo Borade a ranar 25 ga Mayu 1975.  Tana zaune tare da mijinta a Buldhana a jihar Maharashtra ta Indiya.

## Ayyuka
Borade ta koyi jin daɗi tare da namun daji yayin da aka haife ta a gona, tare da abokai waɗanda suka raba sha'awarta ga mahalli na yankin. Ta fara kama maciji mai guba tun tana 'yar shekara goma sha biyu ba tare da an taɓa cinye ta ba. Ta kafa Soyre Vanchare Multipurpose Foundation, ƙungiyar muhalli da ke mai da hankali kan hana gurɓata da kare namun daji. Bayan ya ceci maciji sama da 50,000,  An haɗa Borade a cikin Guinness World Records. Tana da tausayi sosai ga macizai, amma kuma tana da gogewa da ƙudan zuma.

Borade ta koya wa wasu yadda za a magance cizon maciji,  kuma yana da niyyar rage Ophidiophobia (tsoron maciji) ta hanyar samar da bayanai na gaskiya game da maciji: kashi goma cikin dari na macizai a Indiya suna da guba, kuma kowane asibiti yana da magungunan rigakafi kyauta. 

## Kyaututtuka da karbuwa
India Post ta amince da nasarorin Borade ta hanyar bayar da hatimi tare da hotonta.  A Ranar Mata ta Duniya ta 2022, ta sami lambar yabo ta Nari Shakti Puraskar ta 2020, babbar lambar yabo ta farar hula ga mata a Indiya, daga Shugaba Ram Nath Kovind. An san shi da "macijin maciji", an san Borade a matsayin "maciyar maciji ta farko a Indiya".  

## Manazarta
Josyline Kamateneti

**Josyline Kamateneti** 'yar siyasar ƙasar Uganda ce kuma 'yar majalisa. Ita 'yar majalisa ce mace a ƙarƙashin jam'iyyar National Resistance Movement for Ntungamo gundumar.   Ita ma mamba ce a kwamitin ilimi da wasanni. 

## Tarihin da Ilimi
An haifi Josyline a ranar 16 ga watan Afrilu 1982 a ƙauyen Nyabushenyi, ƙaramar hukumar Nyabushenyi, gundumar Ntungamo zuwa marigayi Tadeo Kanyankore- Kakiga da Norah Twinomegisha. 

Josyline ta yi karatun firamare a Nyakisa Primary School, Horny High School - Kabale da Immaculate Heart Nyakibare girls secondary  da matakin O' da A' bi da bi.  Ta kammala karatu daga jami'ar Makerere da digirin farko a fannin kasuwanci da ta kware a fannin kuɗi. 

Josyline ta yi aiki da bankin Crane kuma ta koma bankin Uganda inda ta yi aiki a matsayin akawu. 

Josyline ta auri Sande Baata-Kaketto kuma tana da ‘ya’ya 4. 

## Bayanan siyasa
Josyline Kamateneti ta tsaya takarar kujera a matsayin mace ‘yar majalisar wakilai a gundumar Ntungamo kuma ta zo ta ɗaya da kuri’u 156022, Natherine Matsiko Namara ta zo ta biyu da kuri’u 9175, Deborah Namara ta zo ta uku da kuri’u 4789 sai Sayuni Crinimh ya zo na huɗu da kuri’u 4641. 

## Manazarta
Benny Cederfeld na Simonsen

Benny Sophie Caroline Andrea Cederfeld de Simonsen née Treschow (1865-1952) yar gwagwarmayar zaman lafiya ce ta Danish. Ana tunawa da ita a matsayin memba mai tasiri na Danske Kvinders Fredskæde, reshen Danish na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Duniya don Aminci da 'Yanci (WILPF), wanda aka sani da Kvindernes Internationale Liga na Fred og Frihed (KILFF). Daga 1931 zuwa 1939, ta kasance mataimakiyar shugabar kungiyar. Ta kasance mai taka rawar gani a tarurrukan WILPF na duniya daga 1926 zuwa 1937 haka kuma mamba a kwamitinsu na kasa da kasa inda ta yi maganin 'yancin tsiraru. [1] [2]

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haife shi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1865 a Brahesborg, wani gidan da ke kusa da Assens a tsibirin Funen, Benny Sophie Caroline Andrea Treschow 'yar mai gida ce Carl Adolph Rothe Treschow (1839-1924) da Sophie Margrethe Elisabeth Rantzau (1844-1919). Ta taso ne a cikin wani fitaccen gida mai daraja, inda ta samu karatunta a gida daga wajen malamai masu zaman kansu da aka kawo daga kasashen waje. Sakamakon haka, ta sami damar yin magana da kyau cikin Faransanci, Ingilishi da Jamusanci. A cikin 1892, ta auri Hans Christian Frederik Wilhelm Cederfeld de Simonsen (1866-1938), kuma mai wadataccen ƙasa ne akan Funen. Daga nan sai ta koma gidan Erholm.

## Matsayin mai fafutukar zaman lafiya
Yaƙin Duniya na Farko ya buge shi, a cikin 1916 Cederfeld de Simonsen ya shiga ƙungiyar zaman lafiya Danske Kvinders Fredskæde, ya zama shugaban babin Funen a 1919. A cikin 1925, ta shiga cikin taron shekara-shekara na Dansk Fredsforening (DF) ko Danish Peace Society, ta tsaya tsayin daka kan sukar al'umma na KILFF. DF, wanda aka kafa a cikin 1882 ta Fredrik Bajer, ya ɗauki KILFF a matsayin abokin hamayya, yana gaskanta cewa duk kungiyoyin zaman lafiya na Danish ya kamata su shiga ƙarƙashin ikonta. Tare da Clara Tybjerg da Henriette Beenfeldt, Cederfeld de Simonsen ya ci gaba da cewa zai iya taimakawa kawai idan akwai ƙungiyoyi biyu a Denmark da ke ƙoƙarin samun zaman lafiya yayin da za su iya fadada abubuwan da suka dace. 

Cederfeld de Simonsen ya kasance mai tasiri musamman wajen ƙara zama memba na babin Funen na KILFF, wanda ya sa ta zama babbar ƙungiya ta gida mai mambobi 4,000. Kafin mamaya na Jamus a Denmark, a cikin Maris 1940 ta kasance mai tasiri musamman wajen yin hulɗa tsakanin Danske Kvinders Nationalråd (Majalisar Mata ta Denmark) da ƙungiyar matan Yahudawa ta Danish *Jødisk Kvindeforening* . Yunkurin da ta yi ya sa an kawo yara Yahudawa 320 daga tsakiyar Turai zuwa Denmark don kula da su a gidajen Danish. 

Tsayawa ta sha'awar motsin zaman lafiya har tsawon rayuwarta, Benny Cederfeld de Simonsen ya mutu a Copenhagen a ranar 16 ga Janairu 1952. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin sunayen masu fafutukar zaman lafiya

## Nassoshi
Duniyar Tsibiri

***The Island Worlds*** labari ne na Eric Kotani da John Maddox Roberts da Baen Books suka buga a cikin Shekara ta 1987.

## Taƙaitaccen makirci
*The Island Worlds* wani labari ne wanda Thor Taggart ya yi faɗa da wata jam'iyyar siyasa dake barazanar mamaye Duniya. 

## liyafar
J. Michael Caparula ya yi bitar *Duniyar Tsibiri* a cikin *Dan Wasan Sararin Sama/Fantasy Gamer* No. 82.  Caparula ya yi sharhi cewa "marubuta masu ba da labari ne masu kyau, kuma akwai abubuwa da yawa a cikin nau'ikan haruffa masu launi, rikice-rikicen siyasa, shenanigans na kamfanoni, da kuma faɗace-faɗacen sararin samaniya da sauri don yin karatu mai ban sha'awa. An ba da shawarar." 

## Sharhi

* Bita daga Trevin Matlock (1987) a Locus, #318 Yulin shekarar 1987 
* *Kliatt* 

## Manazarta
Beatrice Kiraso

**Beatrice Birungi Kiraso** 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Uganda da aka sani da shigarta a fagen siyasar Uganda da kuma kungiyar ƙasashen gabashin Afirka (EAC).  Ta yi aikin gwamnati sama da shekaru ashirin a matsayin 'yar majalisa a gundumar Kabarole, mataimakiyar babban sakataren kungiyar ƙasashen gabashin Afirka, kuma a matsayinta na malama a jami'ar Makerere  

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Kiraso a ƙauyen Kiburara, ƙaramar hukumar Hakibale, gundumar Kabarole, a Uganda. Ita ce ta farko cikin yara goma da marigayi Edison Amooti Rusoke Kiraso ya haifa.  Tafiya karatunta ta fara ne a makarantar firamare ta Kiburara, sai kuma makarantar Nyakasura ta O-Level sai kuma makarantar ’yan mata ta Kyebambe a matakin A-Level. A cikin shekarar 1981, ta halarci Jami'ar Makerere, inda ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin tattalin arziki da gudanarwar zamantakewa a shekarar 1984.  Ta kuma yi digirin digirgir a fannin harkokin gwamnati da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin Gudanar da manufofin jama'a a Jami'ar Havard. 

## Sana'a
A shekarar 1996, an zaɓi Kiraso ba tare da hamayya ba, a matsayin ‘yar majalisa mai wakiltar gundumar Kabarole, muƙamin da ta rike saboda ɗimbin ayyukan da ta yi a cikin al’umma da kuma karfafa ayyukanta.  Ta kasance 'yar majalisar dokokin Uganda kuma ta yi aiki a kwamitin kasafin kuɗi a majalisar dokokin Uganda.  Bayan shafe shekaru tara daga harkokin siyasa na zaɓe da kuma ɗan gajeren ritaya, Kiraso ta koma fagen siyasa don marawa mai fatan zama shugaban ƙasa Gen Henry Tumukunde baya. Ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a yakin neman zaɓensa, inda ta ba da shawarar "Sabunta Uganda" mai taken "Yana Yiwuwa".  

### Gudunmawa ga Al'ummar Gabashin Afirka
Kiraso ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakinyar Sakatare Janar mai kula da Tarayyar Siyasa na EAC. A lokacin da take riƙe da muƙamin, ta kammala wa'adin shekaru biyu na shekaru uku, kuma ta taka rawar gani wajen sa kaimi ga kokarin da ake yi a yankin gabashin Afirka da kuma ciyar da harkokin siyasar ƙasashen EAC gaba.  

## Martaba da tasiri
Kiraso ta jagoranci yunƙurin daidaita ƙa'idodi ga al'ummar Gabashin Afirka da kafa tsarin tarayyar siyasa na gabashin Afirka, don haka ake yiwa laƙabi da "Ƙungiyar Mama". A cikin shekarar 2016, an gayyace ta don neman muƙamin Sakatariyar Zartarwa ta Babban taron ƙasa da ƙasa kan yankin manyan tabkuna saboda ƙwarewarta a cikin lamuran yanki da warware rikice-rikice.

## Manazarta
Margaret Mbeiza Kisira

**Margaret Mbeiza Kisira** (an haife ta a ranar 18 ga watan Nuwamba 1973) 'yar otal ce ta Uganda, 'yar siyasa kuma 'yar majalisa. Ita ce wakiliyar mata ta gundumar Kaliro a majalisar dokokin Uganda.   Ita mamba ce ta National Resistance Movement  (NRM) jam'iyyar a shugabancin siyasa a Uganda  ƙarƙashin jagorancin Yoweri Kaguta Museveni shugaban jamhuriyar Uganda.  Shugaba museveni  ne ya naɗa ta a matsayin ministar harkokin tattalin arziki a shekara ta 2009. Majalisar dokokin Uganda ta hana naɗin nata.  

## Ilimi
Margaret Mbeiza ta fara karatun firamare ne daga Kaliro Church of Uganda Primary School inda ta yi jarabawar kammala firamare (PLE) a shekarar 1987, daga baya ta shiga makarantar sakandare ta Wanyange Girls don karatunta na O'level sannan ta zana jarrabawar shaidar kammala karatu ta Uganda (UCE) a shekarar 1991 daga nan ta shiga makarantar Budoni ta Uganda don samun digiri na biyu. 1998.  Daga nan ta shiga jami’ar Nkumba inda ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin yawon buɗe ido. 

## Sana'a
Margaret Mbeiza ta yi aiki a ƙarƙashin ofishin shugaban ƙasa a matsayin mai kula da gundumar Mayuge daga shekarun 2012 zuwa 2015,  ta yi aiki a matsayin 'yar majalisar wakilai ta gundumar Kaliro tsakanin shekarun 2006 zuwa 2011,   ta kuma zama kakakin ƙaramar hukumar Kamuli tsakanin shekarun 2001 zuwa 2005.  A halin yanzu ita ce mace 'yar majalisa mai wakiltar Kaliro daga shekarun 2016 zuwa yau.  A majalisa tana aiki a kwamitin kula da kayan aikin jiki.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Ba ta da aure kuma abubuwan sha'awarta sunw sauraron kiɗa da lafiya da dacewa. 

## Duba kuma

* Majalisar Uganda
* National Resistance Movement
* Gundumar Kaliro
* Frederick Ngobi Gume
* Kenneth Lubogo
* Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokoki na goma na Uganda

## Manazarta
Bernadette Cattanéo

Bernadette Cattanéo ( née Le Loarer ; 25 ga Fabrairu, 1899 - Satumba 22, 1963) ɗan ƙungiyar ƙwadagon Faransa ne kuma mai fafutukar kwaminisanci, haka kuma editan jarida kuma wanda ya kafa mujallu. Ana tunawa da ita a matsayin babban sakatare na Kwamitin Yaƙi da Fascist na Duniya . [1] Cattanéo ya kuma gudanar da ayyuka daban-daban na mahimmanci a cikin ƙungiyar Confedération générale du travail unitaire (CGTU) da Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Faransa (PCF).

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Bernadette Le Loarer a Brélévenez, Cotes-d'Armor, Fabrairu 25, 1899. Iyayenta su ne Jean Marie Le Loarer, ma'aikacin jirgin kasa, da Marie Ollivier, ƴar ƙauye marar karatu. Iyalinta masu magana ne na Breton kuma Katolika amma malami ne wanda ya tada Cattaneo ga ra'ayoyin gurguzu. Ta sami horo a matsayin mai sana'a kafin ta tafi Paris a 1919 don yin ayyuka marasa kyau. A can, ta sadu da Jean-Baptiste Cattanéo wanda, kamar ita, ma'aikaciyar kantin magani ce.

## Sana'a

A ƙarshen 1923, Cattanéo ya shiga Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Faransa,  tare da sha'awar batutuwan da suka shafi mata.  An kore ta daga aikinta a wani kantin magani saboda shirya yajin aiki tare da mijinta kuma ta sami aiki a matsayin editan jaridar *La Nouvelle Vie Ouvrière* a cikin Afrilu 1925. 

Bayan sake fasalin hukumar ta PCF, ta jagoranci sashenta na 35 kuma ta kasance mamba a hukumar mata ta jam’iyyar.  A lokaci guda, ta shiga hukumar mata ta CGTU, wanda aka nada ta sakatariya a 1929,  kuma ta shiga ofishin confederal  a cikin Nuwamba 1931.  A wannan lokacin, ta kasance a kan kwamitin edita na *L'Ouvrière* .  Ta yi tafiya a Faransa da Turai tsakanin 1925 zuwa 1936 don bin yajin aikin da kungiyar CGTU ta shirya. 

Har ila yau, Cattanéo ta kasance mai aiki a duniya tun lokacin da ta halarci taron na hudu na Profintern a ranar 5 ga Afrilu, 1928 a cikin USSR inda ta sadu da Joseph Stalin .  Ta yi tafiya sau goma sha ɗaya. Georgi Dimitrov ya sanya ta alhakin kafa Kwamitin Mata na Duniya na Yaƙi da Fascism a 1934.  A cikin wannan haɗin gwiwar ci gaba, ta kasance sakatariyar Kwamitin Haɗin gwiwar Ƙungiyoyin Mata na Duniya, inda ta wakilci PCF da CGTU  da kuma dangantaka da Gabrielle Duchêne da Maria Rabaté, kanta shugabar kwaminisanci.  Mujallar  (Women in Global Action) an halicce su ne ta wannan haɗin kuma waɗannan mata uku ne suka sarrafa su. 

Lokacin da yakin duniya na biyu ya barke, ta yi adawa da yarjejeniyar Molotov-Ribbentrop, ta bar PCF kuma a cikin marigayi 1941 ta koma Moissac a cikin Yankin Yanki na Faransa,  inda ta haɗu da matakan juriya da dama.  Ta koma Paris a watan Yuni 1944 kuma ta daina duk ayyukanta na siyasa.

## Mutuwa da gado
Bernadette Cattanéo ya mutu a La Penne-sur-Huveaune, Bouches-du-Rhône, Satumba 22, 1963. 

Humathèque ne ke riƙe da takaddunta, a kan Harabar Condorcet .  

## Magana
Ellen Hørup

Ellen Gunhilde Hørup (29 Disamba 1871 - 25 Maris ɗin shekarar1953) yar jarida ce kuma marubuci mara almara. Ta yi rubuce-rubuce da yawa a cikin harsuna da yawa ciki har da Ingilishi don tallafawa zaman lafiya, haɓakawa a cikin kula da yara, da yancin mata. Hørup ya kasance mai goyon bayan Mahatma Gandhi, yana aiki tare da shi na ɗan lokaci. [1] [2]

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife shi a Copenhagen, Hørup ya girma a cikin gida mai tsaurin ra'ayi don lokutan yayin da mahaifiyarta Emma Hørup ta ci gaba da koyarwa maimakon ta haifi 'yarta a gida yayin da mahaifinta, ɗan siyasa Viggo Hørup, ya kasance sananne ga zaman lafiya. Kodayake ta sami horo a matsayin likitan hakori, ta kammala karatun digiri a Denmark (1893) da Faransa (1894), ta yi aiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci na aikin horo.  

A cikin shekara ta 1886, ta auri lauya Vilhelm Nielsen wanda ba da daɗewa ba ya zama babban ɗan wasa a jaridar *Politiken* . Tsawon shekaru da dama, ta ci gaba da kusan ba a san ta ba, sai dai ta ƙara mata suna ta zama mace ta farko da ta zama ƴar tseren keke da tsere a Denmark. A farkon shekarunta arba'in, ta fara aiki a matsayin mai fassara, ta samar da sigar Italiyanci na tatsuniyoyi na Hans Christian Andersen . A cikin shekara ta 1912, ta buga labaranta na farko a *Tilskueren* kafin ta shiga *Politikken* a matsayin mai fassara. Sai a shekara ta 1927 ta buga farkon jerin dogon kasidu na edita a cikin takarda. Godiya ga kyakkyawar iliminta na Ingilishi, Rashanci da Italiyanci, ana tsammanin ita ce mace ta farko ta Danish wacce ta rubuta labarai kan siyasar duniya kafin yakin duniya na biyu . A cikin shekara ta 1930, ta kafa *Indiens Venner* (Friends of India) tare da wata jarida mai suna iri ɗaya, wanda ke nuna rassa na ƙungiyoyin Abokan Indiya a duniya. A cikin shekara ta 1932, ta kafa kwamitin kasa da kasa na Indiya wanda ya gudanar da taro da yawa a Geneva.

Ta kasance mai cin gashin kanta bayan mutuwar mahaifiyarta yayin da ta gaji hannun jari a cikin takardar da mahaifinta ya fara. Ci gaba da aikin mahaifinta, ta kasance mai goyon bayan Jam'iyyar Congress Party ta Indiya da Mahatma Gandhi . Tare da mai fasahar yumbura Cathinca Olsen da mawaƙin Norwegian Bokken Lasson, ta yi aiki tare da Gandhi a cikin 1920s da 1930s. 

Bayan lokacin shiru a lokacin yakin, ta sake komawa rubuce-rubucen edita a cikin 1949, tana sukar musamman rashin tsarin kula da yara a Denmark da kuma yanayin rashin gamsuwa a cikin gidajen yara.  Ta kafa gidan yara na kanta kuma ta zama memba na reshen Danish na Fédération Democratique Internationale des Femmes, wanda yanzu ake kira Danmarks Demokratiske Kvindeforbund.

## Ayyukan da aka zaɓa

* Gandhis, 1931
* Magtens Vej, 1936
* Siyasa da Krig, 1937
* Menene Krig? , 1938
* Hvordan Freden Reddes, 1939
* Der er kun en Krig, 1946
* Kapitalism, kommunisme og krig, 1949

## Duba kuma

* Jerin sunayen masu fafutukar zaman lafiya

## Manazarta
Johanne Meyer

Johanne Marie Abrahammine Meyer née Petersen (1838-1915) yar takarar Danish ce, mai son zaman lafiya da editan jarida. Majagaba memba na ƙungiyoyin mata daban-daban, daga 1889 ta yi aiki a hukumar kula da zaman lafiya ta Dansk Fredsforening kuma ta zama shugaba mai tasiri na ƙungiyar ci gaba ta Kvindelig Fremskridtsforening (KF) . Daga 1888, Meyer ta kasance editan mujallar KF ta Hvad vivil (Abin da muke so), wanda ta ba da gudummawar labarai da yawa. [1] [2]

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife shi a ranar 1 ga Yuli 1838 a Aalborg, Johanne Marie Abrahammine Petersen 'yar jami'in kwastam Lauritz Petersen (1802-1856) da Sophie Frederikke Lundberg (1799-c.1863). A cikin 1858, ta auri Emil Lauritz Meyer (1833-1917), ɗan kasuwa Bayahude wanda ya tuba zuwa Kiristanci. Bayan sun zauna a Nyborg har zuwa 1867, ma'auratan sun koma Copenhagen inda mijinta ya zama dillali mai lasisi kuma ta gudanar da wata karamar makaranta mai zaman kanta.

A cikin 1885, ta fara rubuta labarai game da kwanciyar hankali na Ingilishi don mujallar siyasa *Social-Demokraten* . Sakamakon yajin aikin da mata suka yi a masana'anta na Ruben a shekarar 1886, ta zama 'yar gurguzu mai himma, tana goyon bayan daidaiton 'yancin mata da zabe na duniya. A watan Yulin 1888 a taron matan Nordic ( *Nordiske Kvindesagsmøde* ) da aka gudanar a Copenhagen, ta yi kamfen da himma don neman 'yancin zaɓen mata .   *Kvindelig Fremskridtsforening* (KF, Women's Progressive Society) ne ta kira shi inda ta kasance shugabar daga 1889, tana bayyana manufofin ƙungiyar. Ta kuma gyara mujallar *Hvad vivil* ta ƙungiyar mata, ta zama mai ba da gudummawarta mafi inganci.

A cikin 1889, tare da Louise Nørlund da Line Luplau, ta kafa *Kvindevalgretsforeningen* (KVF) wanda aka tsara don samun 'yancin zaɓe ga mata.  Daga farkon 1890s, ta ƙara shiga cikin zaman lafiya, ta zama mataimakiyar shugabar ƙungiyar zaman lafiya ta Danish, *Fredsforeningen* .  Ta ci gaba da neman mata 'yancin zaɓe a cikin KVF da kuma ba da laccoci da yawa.  A cikin 1911, ta halarci taron Duniya na Race Congress a matsayin wakili na Societyungiyar Zaman Lafiya ta Copenhagen.  A cikin rayuwa ta baya ta zama mai yawan addini, ta kafa Theosophical Society of Denmark. 

Johanne Meyer ya mutu a gundumar Copenhagen na Frederiksberg a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu 1915. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin sunayen masu fafutukar zaman lafiya

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

*
Eva Moltesen

Eva Elisabeth Moltesen née Hällström (1871-1934) marubuciya ce ɗan Danish kuma ɗan gwagwarmayar zaman lafiya . A cikin 1896, ta koma Denmark don ci gaba da karatunta, ta auri ɗan Danish kuma ta zauna a can. Ta wallafa ayyukanta na adabi a cikin Finnish da Danish, ta gabatar da Danes zuwa ƙasarta ta Finland ta hanyar jerin laccoci kuma ta kafa Ƙungiyar Finnish a Copenhagen . Ta kuma ƙirƙiri ƙamus na Finnish-Danish da Danish-Finish. A cikin 1915, Moltensen ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa Danske Kvinders Fredskæde (Sarkin Zaman Lafiyar Mata ta Danish), sashin Danish na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Duniya don Zaman Lafiya da 'Yanci . A cikin 1918, wakiltar Venstre, ta kasance ɗan takara a zaɓen ƙasa amma ba a zabe ta ba. [1] [2]

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haife shi a Joroinen, Finland, Eva Elisabeth Hällström ita ce 'yar masanin harhada magunguna Frans Algoth Hällström (1835-1878) da Olga Elisabeth Hasintytär Nyman (1843-1912). Yayin da take ƙarami, bayan ta rasa mahaifinta da ƴan uwanta, ta ƙaura tare da mahaifiyarta zuwa Helsinki inda ta halarci Makarantar Latin na Yaren mutanen Sweden. Bayan kammala karatun ta, ta karanta ilimin dabbobi a Jami'ar Helsinki, inda ta kammala karatun digiri na biyu a 1894.

A cikin 1896, ta sami tallafin karatu wanda ya ba ta damar ci gaba da karatunta a Denmark a Askov Højskole, makarantar sakandaren jama'a . A nan ne ta sadu da mijinta don zama, masanin tarihin coci Laust Jevsen Moltesen (1865-1950). Sun yi aure a 1898 kuma sun haifi 'ya'ya hudu tare : Erik Moltesen (1899-1926), Per Algot Moltesen (1900-1980), wanda ya zama jami'in diflomasiyya, Bodil Elisabeth Relander (1901-1992) da Harald Moltesen (1905-1931). 

## Rayuwar sana'a
Ko da yake ta saba da salon rayuwar Danish, ba ta taɓa mantawa da ƙasarta ta Finland ba, tana yi wa ’yan ƙasar Denmark magana a duk faɗin ƙasar game da yadda ’yan ƙasar Rasha suka bi da ’yan Fin. A cikin 1904, ta kafa Ƙungiyar Finnish ( *Finske Forening* ) a Copenhagen. A fagen adabi, a cikin 1905 bayan ta haifi ɗanta na huɗu da na ƙarshe, ta buga kamus na Finnish-Danish da Danish-Finish da, a cikin 1910, *Fra Kalevalas lunde*, tarin labaru daga al'adun gargajiya na Finland.   Har ila yau a cikin Danish, a cikin 1920 ta kammala wani ɗan gajeren aikin tarihi a Danish mai suna *Det finske Finland* (The Finnish Finland). Ta kuma buga ayyuka da labarai game da Denmark a cikin Finnish. 

Tare da Eline Hansen, Thora Daugaard, Louise Wright da Clara Tybjerg, a cikin 1915 Moltesen ya kasance mai haɗin gwiwa na ƙungiyar zaman lafiya ta Danish Danske Kvinders Fredskæde. A cikin 1918 da kuma a cikin 1920, ta kasance 'yar takarar Venstre a zabukan majalisar wakilai amma ba a zabe ta ba. 

Moltensen ta damu ƙwarai da mutuwar ɗanta Eric a 1926. A wannan shekarar, mijinta ya zama ministan harkokin waje har zuwa 1929. Bayan haka, sai ta ƙara yin rauni, yawancin lokutanta a gida.  Ta mutu a Gentofte a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba 1934 kuma an binne ta a makabartar Gentofte. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin sunayen masu fafutukar zaman lafiya

## Manazarta
Kasar Gambiya awasannin Olympics

Gambiya ta tura 'yan wasa zuwa kowane Wasannin Olympics na bazara da aka gudanar tun 1984, duk da cewa kasar ba ta taɓa lashe Lambar yabo ta Olympics. Gambiya har yanzu ba ta fafata a gasar wasannin Olympics ta hunturu ba.

An kafa kwamitin wasannin Olympics na Gambia (GNOC) a shekarar 1972 kuma kwamitin wasannin Olympics na kasa da kasa (IOC) ya amince da shi a shekarar 1976. Kasar ta kauracewa wasanni biyu na farko da ta cancanci (1976 da 1980). Tawagarsa ta farko ta ƙunshi 'yan wasa goma, dukkansu masu tsere ne. Wakilai da suka biyo baya sun hada da 'yan kokawa (1988), mai tsalle-tsalle (1996), dan dambe (2008), judoka (2016), da kuma mai iyo (2016), amma a duk sauran shekarun da Gambiya ta wakilci masu tsere kawai.

## Kwamitin Olympics na kasa
Kwamitin Olympics na Gambia (GNOC) an kafa shi ne a shekarar 1972, amma Kwamitin Olympics na Duniya (IOC) bai amince da shi ba har zuwa 1976. GNOC yana zaune ne a Gidan Olympic, Bakau. A watan Afrilu 2014, bisa umarnin gwamnati, 'yan sanda sun kwace ginin kuma sun hana ma'aikatan GNOC shiga. A lokaci guda, Ma'aikatar Matasa da Wasanni ta sanya haramcin tafiye-tafiye ga jami'an GNOC.
Rikicin ya nuna cewa Gambiya ba ta tura 'yan wasa zuwa wasannin matasa na Afirka na 2014 a Botswana ba.
Bayan Allah wadai da IOC, an sake bude gidan Olympics a watan Agusta, amma gwamnati ta ci gaba da sarrafa damar shiga ginin. An gudanar da taron rikici a watan da ya gabata, inda aka yi barazanar dakatar da GNOC idan gwamnati ba ta guji tsoma baki ba. Duk da cewa ba a cika wa'adin farko na sake bude gidan wasannin Olympics ba, 
A ƙarshe, an warware lamarin ba tare da an ba da dakatarwar ba.

## Tarihi
### Shekarun Farkon
Gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1976 a Montreal, za ta kasance gasar farko ta Gambiya amma ta shiga kasashe 28 a a boycott (mafi yawansu ma Afirka ne). Wannan kauracewa shi ne don nuna rashin amincewa da shawarar IOC ta ba da izinin New Zealand to compete at the games, despite its rugby union team breaking the international sporting boycott of South Africa early in the year.
## Manazarta