Cententennial

**Cententennial light bulb** shine kwan fitila mafi daɗewa a duniya, yana ci tun 1901, kuma kusan bai taɓa mutuwa ba. Ƙwan yana a yankin *East Avenue*, Livermore, California, kuma Ma'aikatar Wuta ta Livermore-Pleasanton ke kula da shi.  Saboda daɗewar sa, kundin adana muhimman abubuwan da suka kafa tarihi na duniya wato "The Guinness Book of Records", ya taskance shi a matsayin ƙwan fitila wanda yafi kowanne daɗewa yana ci a duniya,

## Tarihi
Hasken Centennial  farko ya kasance 30-watt  (ko 60-watt ), amma yanzu yana da duhu sosai, yana fitar da haske iri ɗaya da Hasken dare na 4-watt. Chaillet, injiniyan Faransa wanda ya gabatar da takardar shaidar wannan fasahar ne ya kirkiro fitilar da aka hura da hannu, carbon-filament. An ƙera shi a Shelby, Ohio, ta Kamfanin Shelby Electric a ƙarshen shekarun 1890; da yawa kamar shi har yanzu suna nan kuma ana iya samun su suna aiki.   cewar Zylpha Bernal Beck, mahaifinta, Dennis Bernal, ya ba da gudummawar fitilar ga Sashen Wutar Lantarki a cikin 1901. Bernal ya mallaki kamfanin Livermore Power and Water Company kuma ya ba da gudummawar kwararan fitila ga tashar wuta lokacin da ya sayar da kamfanin. Wannan labarin  sami goyon baya daga masu sa kai na kashe gobara na wannan zamanin.

Shaida ta nuna cewa an rataye kwararan a akalla wurare huɗu.  rataye shi ne a cikin 1901 a cikin gidan motar bututu a kan titin L,  sannan ya koma garage a cikin garin Livermore da sashen wuta da 'yan sanda suka yi amfani da shi. Lokacin da sashen kashe gobara ya karfafa, an sake tura shi zuwa sabon zauren da aka gina wanda ke da sashen hadin kai.

An fara ankarewa da tsawon daɗewar sa a shekarar 1972 ta hanyar mai ba da rahoto Mike Dunstan. Bayan makonni na yin hira da mutanen da suka zauna a Livermore iya tsawon rayuwarsu, ya rubutun sa mai taken "Light Bulb May Be World's Oldest", wanda aka buga a cikin *Tri-Valley Herald*. Dunstan ya tuntubi Guinness Book of World Records, Ripley's Believe It or Not, da General Electric, waɗanda duk sun tabbatar da shi a matsayin fitila mafi tsawo da aka sani. Labarin ya zo ga hankalin Charles Kuralt na shirin CBS-TV On the Road tare da Charles Kuralt.

Mataimakin Shugaban Wutar Lantarki mai ritaya Tom Bramell ya rubuta tarihin kwararan fitila. An kira shi "A Million Hours of Service".

A shekara ta 1976, sashen kashe gobara ya koma tashar kashe gobara #6 tare da kwararan fitila; an yanke igiyar murfin fitila saboda tsoron cewa cire fitila na iya lalata shi. An hana shi wutar lantarki na minti 22 kawai yayin canja wurin, wanda aka yi a cikin akwati da aka tsara musamman kuma tare da cikakken tsaron wuta. Wani mai aikin lantarki yana nan don shigar da kwararan fitila a cikin janareta na gaggawa na sabon tashar wuta. Ripley's Believe It Or Not ya bayyana cewa gajeren jinkirin ba zai lalata rikodin ci gaba da konewa ba. Tun daga wannan motsi, fitila tana gudana a kai a kai a kan wutar lantarki marar katsewa; a baya kawai ya kasance daga grid na ɗan gajeren lokaci (misali mako a cikin 1937 don sabuntawa da rashin wutar lantarki).   shekara ta 2001, an yi bikin cika shekaru 100 na kwararan kwalba tare da barbecue na al'umma da kiɗa na kai tsaye.

A yammacin ranar 20 ga Mayu, 2013, jama'a sun shaida, ta hanyar kyamarar yanar gizo, cewa kwararan fitila a bayyane ya ƙone. Kashegari da safe, an kira wani mai aikin lantarki don tabbatar da matsayinsa. An ƙaddara cewa fitilar ba ta ƙone ba lokacin da aka ƙetare wutar lantarki, ta amfani da igiya mai tsawo. An gano cewa samar da wutar lantarki ba daidai ba ne. Kimanin 'o'i 9 da minti 45 sun wuce kafin a sake kafa hasken.

Kwamitin Centennial Light Bulb ne ke kula da kwararan fitila, haɗin gwiwar Sashen Wutar Lantarki na Livermore-Pleasanton, Livermore Heritage Guild, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, da Sandia National Laboratories. Ma'aikatar Wutar Lantarki ta Livermore-Pleasanton ta shirya gida da kuma kula da kwararan fitila har tsawon rayuwarta, ba tare da la'akari da tsawonta ba. Lokacin da ya fita, ba su da wani shiri don shi, kodayake *Ripley ya yi imani da shi ko a'a!*  nemi shi don gidan kayan gargajiya.

## Tallace-tallace
An lissafa kwararan a hukumance a cikin Guinness Book of World Records a matsayin "hasken da ya fi tsayi" a cikin 1972, ya maye gurbin wani kwararan a Fort Worth, Texas. An lissafa kwalban a cikin littafin don bugu 16 na gaba.  a lissafa shi ba a lokacin 1988-2006, ba tare da an ba da dalili ba, kafin ya dawo a 2007.

A cewar shugaban kashe gobara, a kowane 'yan watanni wata wata jarida za ta buga labarin a kan kwararan fitila, ta haifar da baƙi da sha'awa ta gaba ɗaya, sannan za ta koma cikin duhu na ɗan lokaci. Yawancin mujallu jaridu sun nuna labarai a kan kwararan fitila. An ziyarci kwararan fitila kuma an nuna ta da manyan Tashoshin labarai da yawa  a Amurka, gami da NBC, ABC, Fox, CBS,  WB, CNN da NPR.    sami wasiƙu da ke nuna amincewa da kuma murna da tsawon rayuwarta daga birnin Shelby, Ohio, Alameda County Board of Supervisors, California State Assembly, California State Senate,  Congresswoman Ellen Tauscher, Sanata Barbara Boxer, da Shugaba George W. Bush. nuna kwararan fitila a wani labari na MythBusters a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 2006, a cikin shirin PBS Livermore da kuma wani labari na California's Gold tare da Huell Howser, a cikin wani labari na 99% Invisible, a cikin jerin yanar gizo *17776*, da kuma mai shirya fim din Roberto Serrini a cikin jerin shafukan yanar gizo TravelClast.

## Bayanan da aka ambata