Ka'idar yarda da amfani da fasaha

**ka'idar karɓa da amfani da fasaha** (**UTAUT**) samfurin karɓar fasaha ne wanda Venkatesh da sauransu suka tsara a cikin "Amfani da fasahar bayanai: Zuwa ga ra'ayi mai haɗin kai" a cikin mahallin ƙungiya. UTAUT tana da niyyar bayyana niyyar mai amfani don amfani da tsarin bayanai da halayyar amfani da ke biyowa. Ka'idar ta nuna cewa akwai mahimman abubuwa huɗu: 1) tsammanin aiki, 2) tsammanin ƙoƙari, 3) Tasirin zamantakewa, da 4) sauƙaƙe yanayi.

Na farko uku sune masu ƙayyade kai tsaye na niyyar amfani da halayyar, kuma na huɗu shine mai ƙayyadewa kai tsaye na halayyar mai amfani. Jima'i, shekaru, gogewa, da son rai na amfani ana sanya su don daidaita tasirin mahimman abubuwa huɗu akan niyyar amfani da halayyar. An haɓaka ka'idar ta hanyar bita da karfafa abubuwan da aka gina na samfuran takwas waɗanda binciken da ya gabata ya yi amfani da su don bayyana halayyar amfani da tsarin bayanai (ka'idar aiki mai ma'ana, Tsarin karɓar fasaha, samfurin motsawa, ka'idar halayyar da aka tsara, ka'idodin halayyar / tsarin karɓar fasahar, samfurin amfani da Kwamfuta ta mutum, watsa ka'idar sababbin abubuwa, da ka'idar fahimta ta zamantakewa). Tabbatar da Venkatesh et al. (2003) na UTAUT a cikin binciken da aka yi a baya sun gano cewa yana da kashi 70% na bambancin da ke cikin niyyar amfani da shi (BI) da kuma kusan 50% a cikin amfani.[1]

Venkatesh, Thong, da Xu (2012), sun fadada ka'idar haɗin kai na karɓa da amfani da fasaha (UTAUT) ga mahallin mabukaci wanda aka fi sani da UTAUT2 ta hanyar haɗa sabbin abubuwa uku cikin UTAUT: motsawar jin daɗi, darajar farashi, da al'ada.

## Aikace-aikacen

* Koivumäki et al. sun yi amfani da UTAUT don nazarin ra'ayoyin mutane 243 a arewacin Finland game da ayyukan hannu da fasaha kuma sun gano cewa lokacin da aka yi amfani da na'urorin bai shafi ra'ayoyen mabukaci ba, amma saba da na'ura da ƙwarewar mai amfani ya yi tasiri.
* Eckhardt et al. sun yi amfani da UTAUT don nazarin tasirin zamantakewa na kungiyoyin masu magana a wurin aiki (mafi girma, abokan aiki) akan niyyar karɓar fasaha a cikin kamfanoni 152 na Jamus kuma sun sami babban tasirin tasirin zamantakewa daga masu magana a wuraren aiki akan karɓar fasahar bayanai.
* Curtis et al. sun yi amfani da UTAUT don karɓar kafofin sada zumunta ta ƙungiyoyin ba da riba 409 na Amurka. Ba a taɓa amfani da UTAUT ba don amfani da kafofin sada zumunta a cikin alaƙar jama'a. Sun gano cewa kungiyoyi da aka ayyana sassan hulɗa da jama'a sun fi dacewa da amfani da fasahar kafofin watsa labarai kuma su yi amfani da su don cimma burinsu na ƙungiya. Mata sun dauki kafofin sada zumunta a matsayin masu fa'ida, kuma maza sun nuna ƙarin amincewa wajen amfani da kafofin sada zumunci.
* Verhoeven et al. sun yi amfani da UTAUT don nazarin mitar amfani da kwamfuta a cikin ɗaliban jami'a 714 a Belgium kuma sun gano cewa UTAUT yana da amfani wajen bayyana bambancin mitar amfani na kwamfuta da bambance-bambance a cikin ƙwarewar fasaha da sadarwa a makarantar sakandare da jami'a.
* Welch et al. sun yi amfani da UTAUT don nazarin abubuwan da ke ba da gudummawa ga karɓar ilmantarwa na Mobile tsakanin ma'aikatan gidan kayan gargajiya 118 a Ingila. Ba a yi amfani da UTAUT a baya ba don amfani da shigar da ilimi na lokaci-lokaci don ci gaba da ilimin fasaha a cikin sashin gidan kayan gargajiya. Sun gano cewa UTAUT yana da amfani wajen bayyana abubuwan da ke tattare da karɓar ilmantarwa ta hannu.
* Williams, Rana, da Dwivedi (2015), sun gudanar da bita na tsari na labaran 174 waɗanda suka yi amfani da ka'idar karɓa da amfani da fasaha (UTAUT ).

## Rashin amincewa

* Bagozzi ya soki samfurin da kariyar da ta biyo baya, yana mai cewa "UTAUT kyakkyawar ma'ana ce kuma mai tunani," amma yana gabatar da samfurin tare da masu canji masu zaman kansu 41 don yin hasashen niyya da akalla masu canji 8 masu zaman kansu don yin hasashe, " kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga nazarin fasahar tallafi "ya kai matakin rikici. "Ya ba da shawarar a maimakon haka ka'idar da ta haɗa da "ƙananan ilimi da yawa" don bayyana yanke shawara. 
* Van Raaij da Schepers sun soki UTAUT kamar yadda ba shi da kyau fiye da Model Acceptance Technology da TAM2 na baya saboda ana samun babban  ne kawai yayin daidaita mahimman dangantaka tare da masu canji huɗu. Sun kuma kira rukuni da lakabin abubuwa da gine-gine matsala saboda an haɗa abubuwa daban-daban don nuna tsarin tunani guda ɗaya.
* Li ya ba da shawarar cewa yin amfani da masu daidaitawa don cimma babban  a cikin UTAUT ba lallai ba ne kuma ba shi da amfani don fahimtar tallafin fasahar ƙungiya, kuma ya nuna cewa ana iya samun ikon tsinkaya mai kyau ko da tare da samfuran sauƙi lokacin da aka yi amfani da hanyoyin tantancewa na farko. Sakamakon yana ba da haske don ƙirar bincike na ƙungiya a ƙarƙashin saitunan kasuwanci masu amfani.
* Dwivedi, Y. K., Rana, N. P., Jeyaraj, A., et al. (2019), sun sake nazarin ka'idar Haɗin Kai da Amfani da Fasaha (UTAUT) ta hanyar haɗuwa da meta-analysis da tsarin daidaitawa (MASEM). Sun soki masu gudanar da UTAUT bazai dace da duk mahallin ba, don haɗawa da hanyar da ta ɓace daga sauƙaƙe yanayi zuwa niyyar halayyar, da kuma ƙaddamar da halaye masu canji kamar halin da aka watsar a cikin samfurin UTAUT na asali.

## Dubi kuma

* Misali mai amfani mai laushi

## Manazarta