Mahmudul Hasan (masanin kimiyya)

**Mahmudul Hasan** (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1950) masanin addinin Musulunci ne na Bangladesh, a halin yanzu yana rike da mukamin Shugaban Al-Haiatul Ulya Lil-Jamiatil Qawmia Bangladesh, babban bangare na gwamnati ga Madrasas na Qawmi, da kuma Shugaban Befaqul Madarisil Arabiya Bangladesh tun daga ranar 3 ga Oktoba 2020. Sau da yawa ana kiransa 'Mohius Sunnah' (Mai farfado da Sunnah) saboda rawar da ya taka wajen jagorantar Majlis-e Dawatul Haq Bangladesh, wani motsi da ke da alaƙa da shirye-shiryen sake fasalin Ashraf Ali Thanwi, kuma an san shi a matsayin malamin Sufi a cikin tsarin Thanwi ta hanyar almajiransa a ƙarƙashin Abrarul Haqqqi Ha, magajin Thanwi.  Ya kasance yana jagorantar Jamia Islama Darul Uloom Madania sama da shekaru arba'in kuma yana aiki a matsayin Shugaban Hukumar Fatwa ta Kasa, da kuma Khatib na Masallacin Gulshan na Tsakiya. Ya rubuta littafi mai suna *Burhan al-Qur'an* kuma ya rubuta wasu littattafai sama da ɗari biyu, ban da kafa *Al-Jamia*, mujallar kowane wata da aka buga a Dhaka.

## Hoton rayuwa

An haifi Hasan a ranar 5 ga Yuli, 1950, a Charkharicha, Kotwali, Mymensingh .  Iyayensa sune Ghalimuddin Ahmad da Fatema Ramjani . Ya fara karatunsa ne a madrasas da yawa, ciki har da Jamia Islamia Mymensingh, Jamia Arabia Ashraful Uloom Balia, Al Jamiatul Imdadiya, da Jamia Korania Arabia Lalbagh .  A shekara ta 1967, ya bi shawarar Shamsul Haque Faridpuri, ya yi tafiya zuwa Pakistan, inda ya shiga Jamia Uloom-ul-Islamia a shekara ta 1968. Ya kammala karatu a shekarar 1969 kuma daga baya ya sami digiri na musamman a Hadith, Fiqh, Tafsir, da wallafe-wallafen Larabci. Daga cikin masu koyar da shi akwai Yusuf Banuri, Idris Merathi, Wali Hasan Tonki, Zafar Ahmad Usmani, Salimullah Khan, da Zakariyya Kandhlawi .

Ayyukan koyarwa na Hasan ya fara ne a Jessore Railway Station Madrasa, sannan ya biyo baya da matsayi a Jamia Farooqia a Pakistan. A shekara ta 1974, ya shiga Jamia Islamia Darul Uloom Madania a matsayin Muhaddith, daga baya ya zama Sheikh al-Hadith da darektan a shekara ta 1980.  Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Khatib na Masallacin Gulshan na Tsakiya da Eidgah Society a Dhaka .  Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kafa cibiyoyin ilimi na Islama da yawa a Bangladesh, da yawa daga cikinsu suna aiki a karkashin jagorancinsa. A ranar 3 ga Oktoba, 2020, an zabe shi Shugaban kungiyar Befaqul Madarisil Arabiya Bangladesh .  Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Al-Haiatul Ulya Lil-Jamiatil Qawmia Bangladesh .  Kafin shugabancinsa, ya rike mukamin mataimakin shugaban Befaq kuma an sake zabarsa a matsayin shugaban a taron majalisar 11 a ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 2023. 

## Sauye-sauye na kasa
A shekara ta 1993, Abrarul Haq Haqqi ya sake kafa Majlis-e Dawatul Haq Bangladesh kuma ya nada Mahmudul Hasan a matsayin Amir.  Abrarul Haq Haqqi da Shah Ahmad Shafi ne suka jagoranci Hasan ta ruhaniya, kuma daga baya ya ba da jagorancin ruhaniya ga mutane 157, ciki har da Nizamuddin Shamzai, Syed Rezaul Karim, da Ubaidur Rahman Khan Nadwi .  A cikin 2018, Hasan ya nuna godiyarsa ga Firayim Minista don wucewar Dokar Madrasa ta Qawmi amma ya jaddada cewa wannan amincewa bai kamata ya daidaita ainihin dabi'u da manufofi na Madrasas na Qawmi ba. Ya kuma kasance memba na kwamitin da Gwamnatin Bangladesh ta kafa don warware rikicin cikin gida na Tablighi Jamaat .  A shekara mai zuwa, lokacin da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Cikin Gida ta ba da umarni game da wa'azin addini, ya jaddada muhimmancin isar da koyarwar Islama tare da hikima, tausayi, da daidaitawa, yana ƙin duk wani amfani da karfi ko tilastawa.

A lokacin jayayya game da gina wani mutum-mutumi na Sheikh Mujibur Rahman a cikin 2020, Hasan ya ba da shawarar gina Mujib Minar (abin tunawa) a maimakon haka. A cikin 2021, biyo bayan mutuwar daliban madrasa na Qawmi 17 a lokacin zanga-zangar adawa da Modi, ya haramta daliban madrassa da malamai daga shiga cikin ayyukan siyasa. Don aiwatar da wannan umarnin, ya kafa 'Sub-Committee na aiwatarwa' mai mambobi 15 kuma ya nemi gwamnati kada ta tsananta wa ɗaliban madrasa da malamai. A ranar 21 ga Yuni, 2021, an nada Hasan a matsayin memba na sabon kwamitin da Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta kafa. Ya kuma shiga tattaunawa tare da jami'an gwamnati don yin kira ga sake buɗe madrasas a lokacin annobar COVID-19. Lokacin da aka gabatar da wani tsari na tsara cibiyoyin addini a cikin kwamitin majalisa a ranar 30 ga watan Agusta, ya yi adawa da shi a bainar jama'a, yana jayayya cewa kafa cibiyoyin addinai bai kamata ya kasance ƙarƙashin yanayin gwamnati ba.

A ranar 4 ga watan Janairun 2024, Hasan ya kafa Hukumar Fatwa ta Kasa a Bangladesh. Ba da daɗewa ba, a ranar 13 ga Janairu, Hukumar ta ba da fatwa game da transgenderism. Bayan faduwar gwamnatin Sheikh Hasina a 2024, Hasan ya shirya taron malaman Islama don tattauna rawar da suka taka wajen sake fasalin Jima'i. Taron ya kammala da shawarwari bakwai, yana jaddada buƙatar gyare-gyaren kundin tsarin mulki daidai da ka'idodin Islama, tare da malaman da aka haɗa a cikin kwamitocin jihohi. Har ila yau, ya yi kira ga tsarin ilimi wanda ya dogara da dabi'un Islama, ban da ra'ayoyin rikice-rikice, kariya ta Shari'a don girmama Annabi da kiyaye imanin Islama, da manufofin jihar da ke nuna dabi'un mafi yawan Musulmai. An ba da shawarar kafa majalisa mai tushe a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Hasan don jagorantar al'amuran addini da zamantakewa, tare da buƙatar tsari mai haɗin kai ga kungiyoyin Islama da kuma sa hannu mafi girma ga malamai a cikin al'amarin jihar don tabbatar da cewa sauye-sauye sun dace da burin al'umma. A ranar 12 ga Oktoba, ya tattauna "Aikin Befaq a cikin Tsarin Haɗin Kai na Masanan Musulunci, " yana nuna alhakin malaman don kare bukatun yawancin Musulmai 92. Ya jaddada tabbatar da shigar Islama a cikin sauye-sauyen kundin tsarin mulki da kwamitocin gwamnati don hana duk wani matakan adawa da Islama. A ranar 4 ga watan Nuwamba, Sarjis Alam, wani muhimmin mutum a Juyin Juya Halin Yuli, ya sadu da Hasan don tattauna shirye-shiryen sake gina kasa.

## Kasancewar kasa da kasa
A ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 1991, ya yi magana game da ayyukan Musulmai wajen adana wayewar Musulunci da al'adun a wani taro na ilimi a Makka. Ya ci gaba da bayyana ka'idodin Alkur'ani a wani taro a Saudi Arabia a ranar 28 ga Mayu, 1993, kuma ya yi magana game da tasirin Islama a kan wayewar Turai a wani taro da aka yi a Madina Mahad Imani a ranar 13 ga Maris, 1998. A ranar 30 ga watan Maris, ya nuna muhimmancin ilimin Islama wajen magance tasirin al'adun kasashen waje a Cibiyar Zul Hulaifa Ubai Ibn Ka'b .  A ranar 4 ga Mayu, 1999, ya tattauna tasirin Hajji a kan al'ummar Musulmi a Madina kuma ya gabatar da gaskiyar Hanafi Madhhab a Jami'ar Musulunci ta Madina . Ya ziyarci London a 1999, inda ya kasance babban mai magana a Leicester Islamia Madrasa a ranar 22 ga watan Agusta kuma ya halarci tarurruka daban-daban na addini, gami da Ijtima na Dawatul Haq . Ya kuma yi tafiya zuwa Amurka a watan Satumbar 1999, yana ba da jawabai a Tablighi Markaz da kuma taron Islama a New Jersey. A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, ya yi magana a sanannun tarurruka, gami da Masallacin Gabashin London a cikin 2000, kuma ya yi magana game da batutuwa kamar Tasawwuf da makarantu huɗu na tunani a tarurruka daban-daban.

Kasancewarsa a taron Dawatul Haq a Qatar a watan Fabrairun 2013 ya haɗa da tattaunawa game da Dawaah na Sunnah .  A ranar 14 ga watan Agusta, 2023, ya wakilci Bangladesh a taron Musulunci na Duniya a Makka, inda ya ba da shawarar kirkirar encyclopedia a Larabci da Ingilishi don kimanta gudummawar Ulama-Mashaikhs ga Islama da al'umma. Ya yi kira ga girmamawa ga Imamai na madhhabs guda huɗu, yana adawa da zargi daga masu Gabas, kuma ya yi kira ga kawo ƙarshen watsa shirye-shiryen da ke inganta rashin yarda da Allah da Rashin addini. Bugu da ƙari, ya ba da shawarar shirya taron kasa da kasa na shekara-shekara kan "Sadarwa da Haɗin Kai" a Saudi Arabia, tare da tarurruka na gida a wasu ƙasashen Musulmai, da inganta daidaituwa ta hanyar tarurruka. Ya ba da shawarar kafa Jami'ar Musulunci da gwamnatin Saudiyya ta tallafa wa ɗaliban Qawmi Madrasa a Bangladesh da kuma amincewa da takardar shaidar Hadith ɗin su daidai da digiri na biyu don shiga kai tsaye cikin jami'o'in Saudiyya, gami da Jami'ar Islama ta Madina, bisa ga kimantawa.

## Ayyukan wallafe-wallafen

Ya kammala wani littafi mai nau'i uku mai taken Imam Abu Yusuf: Nazarin Hadith da Shari'a a karkashin kulawar Yusuf Banuri .  Maqtabatul Abrar ne ya buga sharhin Kur'ani na kundi huɗu, *Burhan al-Qur'an*. Ya ba da umarnin buga *Al Jamia*, mujallar kowane wata wacce ke dauke da labarai game da nazarin Islama. A shekara ta 2009, ya wallafa *Al-Raddul Jamil*, wani zargi game da ra'ayoyin da Ahmad Al Ghamidi, shugaban kwamitin Saudi Arabia don inganta kyawawan halaye da rigakafin mataimakin, wanda daga baya ya sake fasalin matsayinsa. A cikin aikinsa, ya rubuta littattafai sama da 200 a kan batutuwa daban-daban, ciki har da Dawatul Haq da Dawat-e Tabligh, Islama da Tunanin Siyasa na zamani, Ƙaunar Iyali na Annabi, Rayuwar Usmani, Al Burhanul Mu'iyad, Kyauta daga Abrar, Kyauta Daga Sunnah, Kyauta Mai Kyauta, Maweze Hasana, da Binciken Hanyar Daidai. An tattara jawabinsa na Larabci a cikin *Al Irshad Ila Sabilir Rashad,*  kuma ana shirya tarin fatwa na farko mai zaman kansa, *Hasanul Fatwa*, don bugawa a cikin kundi uku, wanda ke nuna abun ciki a cikin Larabci da Urdu. 

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin Deobandis

## Manazarta