René Gómez Manzano

**René na Jesús Gómez Manzano** (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga watan Disamba 1943  a Havana) ɗan adawa ne na Cuba wanda aka sani da rubutun sa "The Homeland Belongs to All", wanda ya rubuta tare da Marta Beatriz Roque, Vladimiro Roca, da Felix Bonne, da kuma maimaita ɗaurin kurkuku da gwamnatin Cuba. Amnesty International ta kira shi fursuna na lamiri sau uku.

## Tarihi
An haifi Gomez Manzano a Havana, Cuba . Lokacin da yake da shekaru goma sha ɗaya, iyayensa sun tura shi karatu a yankin Appalachian Mountains na Amurka. Bayan kammala karatun sakandare, Manzano ya shiga Jami'ar Havana don nazarin doka. Koyaya, an yanke karatunsa a Cuba saboda Juyin Juya Halin Cuba . Daga nan ya sami tallafin karatu a Jami'ar Patrice Lumumba ta Moscow, inda ya yi karatun Shari'ar Kasa da Kasa kuma ya kammala karatu tare da digiri na shari'a a shekarar 1966.  A sakamakon tafiye-tafiyensa, yana da ƙwarewa a cikin Mutanen Espanya, Rasha, Turanci, da Faransanci. Shi Roman Katolika ne kuma mai son wasan chess.

Lauyan karewa, ya shiga ƙungiyar masu adawa lokacin da ya fara kare fursunonin siyasa a ƙarshen shekarun 1980.  Ya zama co-kafa Corriente Agramontista a cikin 1990, ƙungiyar lauyoyi da ke son shigar da kara a kan jihar don tilasta ta cika dokokinta.

A ranar 6 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1994, an kama shi kuma an tsare shi a cikin abin da Amnesty International ta kira "a bayyane tarin sanannun masu sukar gwamnati da masu fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam"; kungiyar ta sanya shi fursuna na lamiri.

Shekaru da yawa, Gomez Manzano ta auri 'yar'uwarta mai adawa kuma 'yar jarida mai zaman kanta Ana Margarita Perdigón Brito har sai da ta yanke shawarar barin Cuba tare da 'yarta kuma ta nemi gudun hijira a Amurka a shekarar 2012. 

## 'Rukunin Hudu'
A cikin 1997, Gomez Manzano, Marta Beatriz Roque, Vladimiro Roca, da Felix Bonne sun kafa Kungiyar Aiki ta Cikin Gida. Daga nan sai suka buga wata takarda mai taken "The Homeland Belongs to All," wanda ya tattauna halin da ake ciki na haƙƙin ɗan adam na Cuba kuma ya yi kira ga sauye-sauyen siyasa da tattalin arziki. Sun kuma yi kira ga kauracewa zaben a cikin tsarin jam'iyya daya na Cuba da kuma masu saka hannun jari don kauce wa Cuba,  suna ba da taron labarai da yawa don tattauna damuwarsu. 

An kama Gomez Manzano da sauran mambobin kungiyar a ranar 16 ga Yulin 1997.  An tsare su huɗun na tsawon watanni 19 sannan aka yi musu shari'a don tayar da kayar baya a watan Maris na shekara ta 1999  a cikin shari'ar kwana daya da aka rufe wa manema labarai na kasashen waje.  An yanke wa Gomez Manzano hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru huɗu. Wadanda ake tuhuma sun zama sanannun "Rukunin Hudu". Amurka, Kanada, Tarayyar Turai da Vatican duk sun yi kira da a sake shi. Amnesty International ta sake bayyana fursunonin lamiri guda huɗu, "an tsare su ne kawai don yin amfani da hakkinsu na 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki da tarayya cikin lumana", kuma ta yi kira da a sake su nan take.

An saki Gomez Manzano da wuri ba tare da bayani ba a ranar 24 ga Mayu 2000, bayan ya yi kasa da shekaru uku a kurkuku. Sauran mambobin rukuni na hudu an sake su a lokaci guda. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2000, hudu sun buga wani rubutun, mai taken "Social Facets", yayin da Shugaba Fidel Castro ya halarci taron koli a Panama. Rubutun ya bayyana cewa an tsara ilimin Cuban ne don koyar da yara, cewa yara da yawa ba su da abinci mai gina jiki daga karancin abinci, kuma an ba wa ba da dama ga baƙi a Cuba - kamar motoci, kwamfutoci, da wayoyin salula - cewa talakawa ba su da. 

## Manazarta