Tsawar Ana na wurare masu zafi (2022)

**Guguwa mai tsananin zafi Ana** ta kasance mummunar guguwa mai zafi da ta shafi kasashen Afirka na Madagascar, Malawi da Mozambique kuma ita ce guguwa ta hudu mafi muni a shekarar 2022, bayan guguwar Pacific Tropical Tropical Megi da Tropical Storm Nalgae, da kuma guguwar Atlantic Ian. Guguwar farko mai suna na 2021-22 Kudu-maso-Yammacin Indiya lokacin guguwar guguwar, Ana ta samo asali ne daga wani yanki na convection wanda aka ayyana a matsayin Invest 93S arewa maso gabashin Madagascar.

## Tarihin yanayi
Tun daga ranar 14 ga Janairu, jagorar tsinkayar tarin dogon zango daga Tsarin Hasashen Duniya da Cibiyar Turai don Hasashen Matsakaici-Range Yanayi sun fara ba da shawarar samuwar guguwa mai zafi zuwa arewa maso gabashin tsibirin Mascarene. A 07:30 UTC a ranar 20 ga Janairu, Cibiyar Gargaɗi na Haɗin Guguwar ta ba da rahoton samuwar wani yanki na convection, wanda suka sanya shi a matsayin Invest 93S, kusan 378 nmi (700 km; 435 mi) daga Mauritius, tare da hukumar ta ba da ƙarancin damar yuwuwar cyclogenesis na wurare masu zafi a cikin sa'o'i 24 masu zuwa. Da tsakar rana, Météo-Faransa La Réunion (MFR) ta lura cewa rufaffiyar zagayawa yanzu ta kasance a arewa-maso-yammacin Saint-Brandon. Samuwar tashin hankalin ya faru ne sakamakon yawan ruwan damina. Da maraice, JTWC ta haɓaka tsarin zuwa matsakaicin dama don yuwuwar cyclogenesis na wurare masu zafi, bayan da ya lura da yanayin ƙananan matakan kewayawa (LLC). Washegari da safe, da ƙarfe 02:00 UTC, JTWC ta ba da faɗakarwa ta Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) don saka hannun jari 93S sannan kuma ta haɓaka tsarin zuwa babbar dama don yuwuwar cyclogenesis na wurare masu zafi, kamar yadda hukumar ta lura da haɓakar ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan cibiya. Daga baya a 12:00 UTC, MFR ya ayyana tsarin ƙananan matsa lamba na wurare masu zafi a matsayin yanki na yanayin damuwa, ya zama tsarin farko na kakar wasa. Sashen ya lura da zagayawa mai tsawo, wanda ya ɗan ƙaranci fiye da jiya, amma har yanzu ba a tsara shi ba. Bayan sa'o'i goma sha biyu, MFR ya inganta shi zuwa yanayin tashin hankali na wurare masu zafi, saboda sun gano cewa tsarin girgijen ya inganta. Bugu da ƙari, cibiyarta ta zama sananne sosai amma duk da haka gaba ɗaya ba ta da ma'anarta kuma tana da tsawo. Rikicin a hankali ya ƙarfafa zuwa wani tsari mai ma'ana yayin da kuma yana haɓaka raƙuman ruwan sama daban-daban, wanda ya sa MFR ta haɓaka shi zuwa yanayin zafi da ƙarfe 06:00 UTC a ranar 22 ga Janairu.

Tsakanin 08:00 UTC da 09:00 UTC, cibiyar tsarin ta ketare tsakanin Toamasina da Île Sainte-Marie a matsayin baƙin ciki na wurare masu zafi, tare da MFR ta sake rarraba tsarin a matsayin baƙin ciki na ƙasa. Saboda tsaunuka na Madagascar, tsarin ya ɗan yi rauni amma duk da haka ya yi nasarar kiyaye tsarin da aka tsara da kuma cibiyarsa mara nauyi. A 06:00 UTC washegari, MFR ta sake sanya shi a matsayin tashin hankali na wurare masu zafi bayan shigar da tashar Mozambik. Sa'o'i shida bayan haka, ta sake tsananta cikin yanayin zafi, yayin da a hankali ya inganta tsarinsa mai jujjuyawa da kuma sanyaya maɗaurarsa. Gizagizai masu ƙanƙanta sun ɓullo da wani salo na musamman mai lankwasa kusa da tsakiyar. Wannan ya faru ne bayan shigar da tashar Mozambik, inda aka sami ƙarin yanayin muhalli tare da kyakkyawar haɗuwar damina. Da karfe 15:00 UTC, JTWC ta ayyana tsarin a matsayin guguwa mai zafi kuma ta sanya shi 07S. Daga baya MFR ya inganta shi zuwa matsakaicin guguwa na wurare masu zafi kuma ya sanya masa suna Ana, ya zama guguwar farko mai suna a kakar. Ana ta ci gaba da yin karfi har zuwa karfe 08:00 UTC a wannan rana, lokacin da ta yi kasa a kusa da kudancin Angoche, Mozambique. Daga baya tsarin ya koma yamma a matsayin bakin ciki mai zurfi, ya ratsa kudancin Malawi da arewacin Zimbabwe, kuma da tsakar ranar 25 ga Janairu, ya zama raguwa a yankunan da ke makwabtaka da Zimbabwe da Zambia. Ragowar daga baya ya koma Angola kuma an lura da shi a ranar 30 ga Janairu a kusa da Namibiya da Angola.

## Tasiri
Guguwar ta haddasa asarar rayuka da dama a kasashen Madagascar, Malawi da Mozambique, yayin da ta yi mummunar barna ga ababen more rayuwa a Malawi. Ana fargabar cewa guguwar Batsirai - wacce ta afkawa kasar Madagascar a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu - za ta kawo cikas ga ayyukan agaji.

### Madagascar
Kafin ya zama guguwa mai matsakaicin matsakaici, Ana ta yi kasa a matsayin wani yanayi mai zafi a Madagascar, wanda ya haifar da ruwan sama mai yawa wanda ya haifar da zabtarewar kasa da ambaliya; ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane 58 a kasar. Kimanin mutane 55,000 sun zama marasa matsuguni kuma an tilasta wa 130,000 tserewa zuwa wuraren zama na wucin gadi.

## Manazarta