Ƙaho na Tutankhamun

**ƙaho na Tutankhamun** ƙaho ne da aka samo a cikin ɗakin binnewar Daular Fir'auna Tutankhamen na goma sha takwas. Ƙaho, ɗaya na azurfa da ɗaya na tagulla ko jan ƙarfe, ana ɗaukar su mafi tsufa a duniya, kuma kawai sanannun misalai daga tsohuwar Misira.

Howard Carter ne ya gano ƙaho a 1922 yayin tonowa Kabarin Tutankhamun. An gano ƙaho na tagulla a cikin ɗakin kabarin a cikin babban akwati wanda ke dauke da abubuwa daban-daban na soja da sandunan tafiya. Daga baya aka sami ƙaho na azurfa a cikin ɗakin binnewa. Dukansu an zana su sosai, tare da hotuna masu ado na alloli Ra-Horakhty, Ptah, da Amun. An zana kararrawar ƙaho na azurfa tare da ƙuƙwalwar sepals da calices waɗanda ke wakiltar furen lotus da praenomen da nomen na sarki. Ana iya yin ƙaho na tagulla da jan ƙarfe; ba a riga an bincika ƙarfe ba. Irin wannan ƙaho yana nunawa a cikin zane-zanen bango na Masar waɗanda yawanci, kodayake ba koyaushe ba, suna da alaƙa da al'amuran soja.

An yi shiru sama da shekaru 3,000, an busa ƙaho a gaban masu sauraro na kai tsaye na kimanin masu sauraro miliyan 150 ta hanyar watsa shirye-shiryen BBC na duniya da aka watsa a ranar 16 ga Afrilu 1939. James Tappern na Prince Albert's Own 11th Royal Hussars regiment ne ya buga ƙaho. An sake yin rikodin a Rediyon BBC tun daga baya (a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2023) a kan Breakfast .   Rex Keating, wanda ya gabatar da watsa shirye-shiryen 1939, daga baya ya yi iƙirarin cewa a lokacin maimaitawa, ƙaho na azurfa ya fashe, kuma Alfred Lucas, memba na ƙungiyar Carter wanda ya dawo da abubuwan da aka gano, ya damu sosai cewa yana buƙatar zuwa asibiti. Saboda raunin su, ba zai yiwu a sake buga ƙaho a kowane gyare-gyare na kiɗa ba.

Wataƙila an buga kayan kida a kan bayanin kula guda ɗaya don siginar soja; daga cikin bayanan kula uku da masu ƙaho na zamani suka fita daga kayan aiki, ɗayan yana da ƙarancin inganci, ɗayan shine sautin da aka saba amfani da shi, kuma na ƙarshe ya sanya matsin lamba sosai a kan kayan aikin don lalata shi.

## Girma, ƙerawa da aiki
Ƙaho na azurfa yana da tsawon 2 in (57.2 , ƙaho na tagulla / jan ƙarfe kusan  in (7.6  ya fi guntu. 

Tubes din su suna kusa da &#x2044;2 in (1.3  a diamita a ƙarshen baki, yana ƙaruwa zuwa kusan 1 in (2.5 cm) kafin ya ƙone zuwa 4 in (10.2 cm) a ƙarshen. Ana ƙarfafa ƙarshen baki da zobba kuma suna da girma ta hanyar ƙa'idodin zamani - wanda zai sa ƙaho ya yi wuya a kunna; Tappern yana buƙatar ƙara murfin zamani (tare da kunshe don yin shi ya dace) kafin bakinsa .

Jeremy Montagu ya bincika ƙaho na tagulla dalla-dalla a cikin shekarun 1970s. Ya ƙunshi sassan biyu. Jikin da ke da ɗan ƙarfe ya fito ne daga takardar jan ƙarfe tsakanin 0.2 da 0.25 mm kauri. &nbsp;An haɗa shi da "ƙwarewar haɗin gwiwa ... mai santsi zuwa cikakkiyar ƙarshe", duk da haka "mai ɗan wahala" a ciki, yana nuna cewa (kamar yadda ake tsammani a cikin kayan aikin bikin) bayyanar ta fi ƙima fiye da aikin sauti. Kararrawa tana da wani abu daban, mai laushi: wani nau'i mai kama da zinariya, tsakanin 0.1 da 0.13 mm kauri. &nbsp;Ba tare da sutura mai ganuwa ba, mai yiwuwa "ya ƙone har sai zinariya ta gudana tare". Ring mai kauri na 3.25 mm wanda ke samar da bakinsa mai yiwuwa kuma an yi shi da electrum. &nbsp;A bayyane yake ba a gyara zobe a jikin ba, Montagu ya yi zargin cewa kodayake yana yiwuwa a samar da bayanin kula uku a kan kayan aiki, ba za a yi amfani da bayanin kula mafi girma ba; ban da kasancewa ƙoƙari don samarwa, ginin ƙaho ba zai iya jure shi ba. Mafi ƙanƙanta bayanin kula ba ya kaiwa nesa, wanda ke jagorantar Montagu don yin la'akari da cewa kawai an yi amfani da bayanin kula na tsakiya a cikin lambar siginar rhythmic.

## Da'awar ikon sihiri
Ƙaho na tagulla yana daga cikin abubuwan da aka sace daga Gidan Tarihi na Masar a Alkahira a lokacin fashi da tashin hankali na Masar na 2011. Ya koma gidan kayan gargajiya bayan 'yan makonni. A cewar *Al-Ahram*, bayan dawowarsa Hala Hassan, mai kula da tarin Tutankhamun a Gidan Tarihin Masar, ya yi iƙirarin cewa yana da"ikon sihiri" da kuma cewa "duk lokacin da wani ya hura shi, yaƙi yana faruwa". A lokacin rubuce-rubuce da daukar hoto, daya daga cikin ma'aikatan gidan kayan gargajiya ya hura a ciki, kuma juyin juya hali ya ɓarke mako guda bayan haka. Haka kuma ya faru a baya tare da yakin 1967 da kuma kafin yakin Gulf na 1991, lokacin da dalibi ke yin cikakken bincike kan tarin Tutankhamun. "
Fayil:Trompette_d'argent_et_sa_sourdine_en_bois_du_tombeau_de_Toutânkhamon.jpg|Silver and gold-plated trumpet and its wooden mute
Fayil:Trompette_d'argent_et_sa_sourdine_en_bois_du_tombeau_de_Toutânkhamon_2.jpg|Same objects


## Manazarta