Muhammad Zarqtuni

**Muhammad Zarqtuni** (1927-Yuni 18, shekarar alif 1954) ɗan asalin ƙasar Maroko kuma ɗan kishin ƙasa ne wanda aka haifa a Casablanca, Maroko. Ya kasance mai fafutuka a cikin kungiyar 'yan kishin ƙasa ta Moroko kuma ana ɗaukarsa wata alama ce ta juriyar/tawayen Moroko ga 'yan mulkin mallaka na Faransa. 

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Muhammad Zarqtuni a Madina ta Casablanca a shekarar alif 1927. Mahaifiyarsa ita ce Khudooj Bint Reis ta Fes, mahaifinsa shi ne *muqqadim* na Hamdushiya Zawiya, inda Muhammad Zarqtuni ya koyi karatu da rubutu.   Ba da daɗewa ba ya shiga makarantar Abdellaoui, makarantar koyon hadisi a cikin hanyar sadarwar makarantu masu zaman kansu daga tsarin Faransanci, wanda masu kishin ƙasa na Moroccan ke gudanarwa a farkon shekarar alif 1940s. 

Tsakanin shekarun 15 zuwa 16, ya yanke shawarar cewa yana son ’yancin kai na kuɗi, don haka ya bar makaranta don yin aiki.  Duk da haka, bai bar karatunsa ba; ya karanta kafofin watsa labarai na Yamma a cikin harshen Faransanci—musamman masu tsarin siyasa—da kuma kafofin watsa labarai na Gabas da aka rubuta da Larabci.  Ta hanyar waɗannan karatuttukan, ya bayyana abubuwan da ke faruwa a kusa da shi a Maroko, a cikin Magrib, a cikin Larabawa, da kuma duniya, kuma ya bunƙasa fahimtar yanayinsa.  Wannan ci gaban ya faru ne a cikin wani yanayi na siyasa da na tarihi, wato na bayan yakin duniya na biyu da guguwar yunkurin kawar da mulkin mallaka a Afirka da ya biyo baya, kuma ko shakka babu waɗannan abubuwan sun yi tasiri sosai a kansa. 

## Daga wasanni zuwa gwagwarmaya
Mai sha'awar ƙwallon ƙafa, Zarqtuni ya taka leda a Mawludiat Bou Tawiil Club (  ) a shekara ta alif 1948 kuma ya ɗauki matasan madina aiki. An naɗa shi manajan gasar zakarun kungiyoyin da ke wakiltar unguwanni daban-daban a Casablanca. Wasu kungiyoyin wasanni, irin su Free Soccer League, waɗanda suka shirya gasar zakarun unguwanni, suna da kishin ƙasa. Daga wannan gasar, manyan masu kishin ƙasa da yawa, irin su Abdeslam Bennani ( fr ), Abderrahman el-Youssoufi, Abderrahman Belmejdoub ( fr ), da sauransu sun tashi. 

Zarqtuni ya zama ɗan leƙen asiri, kuma ta haka ne ya haɗa shi da jam'iyyar Istiqlal. Ya yi aiki a hukumar kula da dabaru na jam’iyyar da kuma hukumar shirya abubuwan da jam’iyyar ta gudanar a Casablanca.

## Ayyukan gwagwarmaya
Bayan gano iyakokin farar hula, gwagwarmaya na siyasa ga Janar Alphonse Juin da gwamnatinsa, ya kafa, tare da abokansa ciki har da Abbas Messaâdi, sel na farko na ɓoye na gwagwarmaya na birane na Morocco.  Faɗaɗa waɗannan sel a duk faɗin birni, cikin sauri ya kulla dangantaka da sauran hanyoyin sadarwa na birane.  Ya shirya tarurrukan horo kan sarrafa makamai kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin kungiyar Resistance Organisation, tare da Abderrahmane Senhaji. 

### safarar makamai
An gudanar da ayyuka da dama. Zarqtuni ya shirya ayyukan safarar makamai zuwa Marrakesh. 

### Ayyukan Babban Kasuwa
Dangane da cin zarafi da gwamnatin Faransa ta yi wa ‘yan mulkin mallaka gaba ɗaya, da kuma korar Sultan Muhammad V tare da tilasta masa gudun hijira a ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta alif 1953 ( Eid al-Adha) musamman, Muhammad Zarqtuni ya kai hari a Babban Kasuwar Casablanca ( .) a ranar 24 ga watan Disamba, 1953 (Jama'ar Kirsimeti).  Ya kai hari kan muradun Faransa, ya ɗana bam a kasuwa da karfe 10:00 na safe, kuma fashewar ta yi sanadin mutuwar mutane 19.

Ya tsallake rijiya da baya ne daga harbin da aka yi masa bayan an kai masa farmaki, amma dakarun kare hakkin Faransa sun kama shi jim kaɗan bayan haka. Ranar 18 ga watan Yuni, 1954, yayin da yake kurkuku, ya kashe kansa ta hanyar haɗiye kwamfutar hannu na cyanide. Samun bayanai masu mahimmanci da mahimmanci, Zarqtuni baya son yin kasadar bada duk wani sirri a ƙarƙashin azabtarwa wanda zai iya cin amanar ƙasarsa. Ana yi masa kallon gwarzon ƙasa a Maroko, kuma a matsayin alamar gwagwarmayar gwagwarmaya.  Ɗaya daga cikin manyan titunan Casablanca, *Boulevard Zerqtouni*, ana kiransa da sunansa.

## Iyali
Muhammad Zarqtuni ya auri Sa’adiya Alami, wacce ita ma ‘yar gwagwarmayar kishin ƙasa ce kuma mai gwagwarmaya. An haife ta a Fes a shekara ta 1936.  Khaddouj Zarqtuni 'yar'uwar Muhammad ce kuma ta shiga cikin gwagwarmayar a Casablanca.

## Duba kuma

* Kariyar Faransa a Maroko
* Rahal Meskini
* 
* Moroccan Nationalist Movement

## Manazarta