Hakkin LGBTQ a Qatar

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, da Queer (LGBTQ) mutane a Qatar suna fuskantar tsanantawa ta Shari'a. Ayyukan jima'i tsakanin maza da tsakanin mata ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a Qatar, tare da azabtarwa ga Musulmai da wadanda ba Musulmai ba har zuwa shekaru uku a kurkuku. Ga Musulmai da aka yanke musu hukunci a kotunan shari'a, hukuncin kisa na shari'a don luwadi yana yiwuwa, kodayake ba a taɓa ɗora shi ba. Cin zarafi kamar duka da azabtarwa, da kuma tilasta "maganiyar juyawa" 'yan sanda da sauran hukumomi sun yi amfani da su.

Halin al'adu da ya fi yawa a Qatar yana kallon luwadi da kuma giciye mara kyau. Gwamnatin Qatar ba ta amince da auren jinsi ɗaya ko Haɗin gwiwar jama'a ba, kuma ba ta ba da izinin mutane a Qatar su yi kamfen don haƙƙin LGBT.

A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2008 dan wasan Burtaniya George Michael ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a wani kide-kide mai nasara a Qatar,  wanda ya sanya shi dan wasan gay na farko da ya fara yin wasan kwaikwayo a Qatar. 

A ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 2024, an kama wani dan kasar Burtaniya da Mexico a Qatar bayan ya fadi ga wani bayanan karya na Grindr da 'yan sanda ke jagoranta. A cewar ɗan'uwansa, an hana shi damar samun lauya kuma an tilasta masa sanya hannu kan takardu a Larabci ba tare da mai fassara ya taimaka masa ba. Ya kuma bayyana cewa an hana mutumin samun damar yin amfani da magungunan antiretroviral da yake bukata don ya iya rayuwa tare da kwayar cutar kanjamau.

A cikin shekarata 2016 da 2019, 2022 da shekarar 2025, Qatar ta kada kuri'a a kan kwararren kwararren Majalisar Dinkin Duniya mai zaman kansa kan yanayin jima'i da kuma asalin jinsi a Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkinobho. 

## Shari'a na jima'i na jinsi ɗaya
An haramta luwadi a cikin Qatar mai iko da Burtaniya ta hanyar Dokar Shari'ar Indiya ta hanyar Dokar Majalisar ta shekarar 1938.  : 30 An maye gurbin wannan da Mataki na 171 a 1956, sannan kuma bayan samun 'yancin kai, Mataki na 171, an maye gurbinsa da Mataki ya 201 na Dokar Shari'a ta Qatar ta 1971. : Tun daga shekara ta 2004, Mataki na 296 na Dokar Shari'a ta yanzu (Dokar 11/2004)  ta tanadi ɗaurin kurkuku tsakanin shekara ɗaya zuwa uku don sodomy. Wannan ba shi da tsanani fiye da dokar 1971 wacce ta tsara har zuwa shekaru biyar a kurkuku ga maza da mata da aka gano su masu luwadi ne (hukuncin ayyukan jima'i maimakon azabtarwa don yanayin jima'i). Hukuncin mutuwa na cikin gida ga jinsi ɗaya ya shafi Musulmai ne kawai saboda jima'i na waje ba tare da la'akari da jinsi na mahalarta ba ana hukunta shi da mutuwa kuma saboda ma'aurata na jinsi ɗaya ba za su iya yin aure ba. Koyaya, babu wata shaida cewa an yi amfani da hukuncin kisa don dangantakar jima'i da ke faruwa tsakanin manya a waje da sararin da hukumomi ke kula da su.

A shekara ta 1998, an yanke wa wani dan kasar Amurka da ya ziyarci Qatar hukuncin watanni shida a kurkuku da bulala 90 saboda aikin ɗan luwaɗi. A cikin shekarun 1990s, Hukumar Kula da Ayyuka ta kasashen waje ta Philippines ta sanar da ma'aikatan Philippines cewa an haramta ma'aikatan gay a Qatar. Wannan ya kasance ne don mayar da martani ga kamawa da yawa da kuma korar ma'aikatan Philippines a Qatar saboda luwadi.

A cikin shekarata 2016, an kama tauraron Instagram na Poland Sarki Luxy a Qatar saboda zargin kasancewa ɗan luwaɗi. Ya kwashe watanni biyu a tsare kafin a sake shi. Ofishin jakadancin Poland ya yi ikirarin cewa an kama shi ne saboda cin hanci da rashawa.

## Sanar da dangantakar jinsi ɗaya
Dokokin Qatari game da aure, kisan aure da sauran al'amuran iyali suna da tasiri daga dabi'un gargajiya na Islama. Saboda haka, zama tare ba bisa ka'ida ba ne kuma babu wata sanarwa ta doka a Qatar don auren jinsi ɗaya, haɗin kai na gari ko haɗin kai na gida.

## 'Yancin Transgender
A Qatar, ana iya kama mutanen da ke da alaƙa da juna saboda laifin "yana nuna bambancin jinsi". Irin waɗannan mutane galibi ana ɗaukar su "sun keta ɗabi'ar jama'a" ko kuma sun keta dokokin "kariya ta al'umma" kuma, saboda haka, 'yan sanda na iya tsare su har zuwa watanni shida ba tare da shari'a ko caji ba, akan wannan zargi. Yayinda aka tsare su, hukumomi suna ƙoƙari su tilasta bin ka'idojin zamantakewar maza da mata ta hanyar buƙatar cire jiki, kamar cirewar nono ta hanyar tiyata. Ana buƙatar fursunoni su halarci "magani" na juyawa bayan an sake su, bisa ga bayanan da BBC ta karɓa. Hukumomin Qatari "sun ƙi" rahotanni da matan da suka yi da suka ba da cikakken bayani game da abubuwan da suka faru.

## Rikici na gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta shekarar 2022
A shekara ta 2010, jim kadan bayan An zaɓi Qatar don karbar bakuncin Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2022, an tambayi Shugaba Sepp Blatter game da gaskiyar siyasa ga 'yan luwadi a Qatar, kuma ya amsa cewa magoya bayan kwallon kafa na luwadi a kasar Qatar "ya kamata su guji duk wani aikin jima'i". Bayan an soki shi saboda wannan magana, Blatter ya kara da cewa: "Ba mu so mu nuna bambanci. Abin da muke so mu yi shi ne bude wannan wasan ga kowa, kuma bude shi ga dukkan al'adu, kuma wannan shine abin da muke yi a shekarar 2022.

A shekara ta 2011, wani memba na majalisar dokokin Holland na jam'iyyar Freedom Party (PVV) ya ba da shawarar cewa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Holland ta yi wasa a cikin ruwan hoda, maimakon launin ƙasa, orange, don nuna rashin amincewa da halin da ake ciki na haƙƙin ɗan luwaɗi a Qatar. 

A shekara ta 2013, shugaban kungiyar Qatar ta gasar cin kofin duniya, Hassan Al-Thawadi, ya ce kowa yana da maraba a taron, muddin sun guji nuna soyayya ga jama'a. "Nuni na soyayya a fili ba wani ɓangare ne na al'adunmu da al'adunsu ba", in ji shi. A cikin shekarata  2013, Kuwait ta ba da shawarar hana 'yan kasashen waje masu luwadi  daga shiga kowace ƙasa ta Majalisar hadin kan Gulf, kuma GCC ta amince da tattauna shi.  Koyaya, GCC ta koma baya, watakila saboda damuwa game da tasirin da Qatar ta yi a gasar cin kofin duniya ta shekarar 2022.

## Manazarta