Masallacin Juma'a na Ahmedabad

**Masallacin Juma** (**Masallacin Juma'a** a zahiri), wanda kuma aka sani da **Masallacin Juma'a)** masallaci ne na Juma'a, wanda ke a Ahmedabad, a jihar Gujarat, Indiya. An gina shi a shekara ta 1424 a zamanin mulkin Ahmad Shah na ɗaya . Rubutun da ke kan babban mihrab yana tunawa da buɗe masallacin a shekara ta 827, a ranar 1 ga Sarar, ko Janairu 4, ta Sultan Ahmad Shah I.  Masallacin yana cikin tsohon birnin da aka gina da katanga, kuma yana wajen yankin Bhadra Fort.  Tsohon birnin da aka gina da katanga an raba shi zuwa sassa daban-daban ko kuma yankuna daban-daban, kuma Masallacin Jami' yana kan titin Gandhi. A gefen kudu na hanyar, masallacin yana da ɗan nisa daga Teen Darwaza ko Ƙofar Tripolia.  Ginin wani abin tunawa ne na Muhimmancin Ƙasa . 

Masallacin Jama shine ginin masallaci na biyar da aka gina a zamanin mulkin Ahmed Shah na ɗaya.  Masallatai na baya ko dai suna da girman da ya dace ko kuma an yi su ne don amfanin kansu.  Masallacin Jama ya kasance akasin magabatansa gaba ɗaya domin babban gini ne mai girma. Ginin masallacin yana da babban farfajiyar da aka shimfida wadda za a iya shiga ta hanyoyi uku daban-daban.  Filin yana da tankin alwala a tsakiya.  Gefen yamma na ginin shine gidan sallah. Duk masallacin yana da alamar abin da aka sani da tsarin gine-gine na Gujarat .

## Wuri
Masallacin Juma'a na Ahmedabad wataƙila shine babban masallaci a yankin Indiya da aka gina a wannan lokacin.   Yana tsakiyar tsohon birnin da aka gina da katanga .  Bangon arewa na masallacin yana kan hanyar tafiya. An tsara shi a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban shiri da Sultan Ahmed Shah I ke so, masallacin yana arewacin titin tafiya wanda ke gudana daga Maidan-i Shah a ƙofar da baka uku, Teen Darwaza .  Mutum yana shiga masallacin daga arewa ta amfani da matakala. A gabashin masallacin akwai Badshah-ka-Hazira, wanda aka fi sani da Kabarin Ahmad Shah . Wannan shine kabarin Ahmad Shah I, ɗansa, da jikansa. Kabarin ya yi amfani da salon gine-gine iri ɗaya kamar Masallacin Jama duk da cewa an fara shi bayan kammala masallacin.   Wasu fasalulluka na gine-gine iri ɗaya sun haɗa da amfani da kusurwoyi da yawa, kotunan da aka rufe da ginshiƙai, da bangon allo da aka huda.  Duk da cewa kabarin bai yi amfani da wani sabon fasalin gine-gine ba, shi ne irinsa na farko a Ahmedabad.  Kusa akwai kaburburan sarauniya da sauran matan Sultan Ahmad Shah na I, wanda ake kira Rani no Hajiro ko Hazira . Wannan kabarin ya yi amfani da salon gine-gine iri ɗaya da Kabarin Ahmad Shah . 

## Tarihi

A cikin 'yan kwanan nan Shekaru , jami'an yankin sun sha wahala wajen daidaita yanayin asalin masallacin, yayin da kuma kula da tsarin don haka har yanzu yana da amfani ga jama'a.  Kwamitin Waqf na Musulmin Sunni ya maye gurbin benen dutse na farko na farfajiyar masallacin da benen marmara.  An sake gyara hawaj (tanki) da ke tsakiyar farfajiyar masallacin, wanda masu ibada ke amfani da shi don yin aikin Wudu kafin sallah.  An sanya firam ɗin ƙarfe a kan tagogi.  Ƙungiyar Kula da Kayan Tarihi ta Indiya ta shigar da ƙararraki da yawa a kotu kan membobin Kwamitin Waqf na Musulmin Sunni da mazauna yankin saboda karya Dokar Kayayyakin Tarihi da Gawawwakin Wuraren Tarihi.  Kwamitin Waqf na Musulmin Sunni ya ce, "'ASI ba ta da albarkatu ko niyyar da za ta iya dakatar da rugujewar. Yawancin waɗannan abubuwan tarihi, musamman masallatai, har yanzu ana amfani da su. Idan ASI ta kasa gyara wani abin tarihi da ya ruguje, nauyin yin aikin ya hau kanmu. Ba za mu iya guje wa samar da kayan more rayuwa na yau da kullun ga mutanen da suka zo yin addu'a ba" game da ikirarin da ASI ta yi. 

## Gine-gine
An kafa Ahmedabad a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu, 1411, nesa da mulkin Musulmi a Delhi . Wannan ya ba Ahmedabad damar haɓaka salon gine-ginen lardinta.  Tsarin gine-ginen lardin Ahmedabad ana kiransa salon Gujarat, daidai da sunan lardin.  Tsarin gine-ginen Gujarat, don haka salon gine-ginen Ahmedabad, cakuda abubuwan gine-ginen haikalin Indo-Islamic da na Hindu na gargajiya ne.  Duk da cewa salon Gujarat ya bunƙasa a ƙarni na 15 da kuma bayan haka, salon Māru-Gurjara, daga ƙarni na 11 zuwa 13, ya kasance misali ga salon gine-ginen Musulunci na Gujarat tun lokacin da Musulunci ya kasance a Gujarat ƙarni ɗaya kafin Ahmed Shah na I ya hau mulki ya kafa Ahmedabad.  Masallatai na farko a Gujarat a lokacin zamanin kafin Ahmed Shah an ƙirƙira su ne daga kayan haikalin da aka kwace waɗanda aka mayar da su gine-gine masu kama da masallaci.

Masallacin Jama yana ɗaya daga cikin misalan gine-gine da yawa na salon Gujarat a Ahmedabad. Abubuwan tarihi a cikin tsohon birnin da kewaye sun faɗi cikin rukuni biyu. Nau'i na farko yana da alaƙa da Ahmad Shah na ɗaya a rabin farko na ƙarni na 15, na biyu kuma yana da alaƙa da Mahmud Begada a rabin na biyu na ƙarni na 15 da kuma bayan haka.  An gina shi da dutse mai launin rawaya, ginin masallacin yana kan babban farfajiya mai kusurwa huɗu  tsayi da Faɗin  . Ɗaya yana shiga farfajiyar ta hanyar shiga uku: kudu, gabas, da arewa.   Ɗaya a tsakiyar kowane gefe. Babban ƙofar shiga ita ce ƙofar shiga da ke fuskantar kudu; ƙofar shiga mai baranda ta gabas tana kaiwa ga wani shinge, kabarin Sultan Ahmad Shah I.  An yi wa farfajiyar ado da wani katanga a ɓangarori uku, ɗakin addu'a yana gefen yamma.  A tsakiyar farfajiyar akwai kwano mai kusurwa huɗu don yin wanka. 

Shigar ƙofar shiga masallacin kudu tana da girma kuma ginshiƙai ne da aka gina a kanta, waɗanda aka sake amfani da su daga haikalin Hindu ko Jain. An gina barandar da matakai goma sha biyu a kowane gefe. An gina ta da rufin da a da yake da kumfa wanda ya ruguje tun daga lokacin. 

A cikin gine-ginensa na Indo-Musulmi, masallacin ya kuma ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa masu alaƙa waɗanda ba lallai ne su bayyana ga mai kallo ba: wasu daga cikin tsakiyar kumbon an sassaka su kamar furannin lotus, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da kumbon da aka saba da su na gidajen ibada na Jain ; kuma wasu daga cikin ginshiƙan an sassaka su da siffar kararrawa da aka rataye a kan sarka, dangane da kararrawa da galibi ake rataye su a gidajen ibada na Hindu.  

### Zauren addu'a

Ɗakin addu'ar yana da kusurwa huɗu kuma an rufe shi da kumbo goma sha biyar.  Rufin ɗakin addu'ar an shirya shi a matakai uku.  Babban ɗakin addu'ar yana da ginshiƙai kusan 260 da aka saita sosai waɗanda ke tallafawa rufin, tare da kumbonsa 15, wanda hakan ya sa yawo a cikin zauren ya zama kyakkyawan tsari na haske da inuwa.   Farfajiyar da aka buɗe, wacce aka yi da farin marmara, an yi mata fenti da babban labule da aka zana da rubutun Larabci, kuma tana da tanki don yin wanka a tsakiya.    Masallacin da katangar an gina su ne da dutse mai launin rawaya kuma an sassaka su da cikakkun bayanai masu rikitarwa waɗanda masallatan wannan lokacin suka san da su. Babban ɗakin addu'ar an raba shi zuwa kumbo goma sha biyar, ko layuka uku na kumbon murabba'i biyar, kowannensu yana da kumbo don haka jimlar kumbon 15 ne.  Kumbon cupola da ke tsakiya ya fi sauran tsayi.  Babban ɗakin addu'ar yana da tsayin hawa uku. 

Masallacin yana da jimillar mihrabi guda biyar waɗanda suka yi daidai da manyan wuraren ibada guda biyar da aka ambata a sama na babban zauren addu'a. Mihrabi guda biyar suna gudana a gefen bangon Qibla . Bangon Qibla yana fuskantar yamma  kuma an yi masa ado da marmara mai launi tare da mihrabinsa.  Farin wata mai launin marmara yana nuna wurin da limamin ya jagoranci addu'a.  An sanya allon dutse da aka huda ('Jalis') tsakanin ginshiƙai biyu na manyan hanyoyin.

### Minarets
Babban ƙofar shiga an yi mata tsari da ginshiƙai biyu. Su ne ragowar minarets guda biyu ('minarets masu girgiza') waɗanda girgizar ƙasa ta lalata a shekarun 1819 da 1956.   A cikin girgizar ƙasa ta 1819, an rage manyan minarets zuwa rabin tsayinsu kuma an san su da "minarets masu girgiza".  Girgizar ƙasa ta 1956 ta lalata sauran "minarets masu girgiza". 

## Gidan Hotuna

Fayil:Prayer_Hall_at_Jama_Mosque,_Ahmedabad_-_Gujarat_DSC001.jpg|alt=The prayer room| Ɗakin addu'a
Fayil:Jama_Masjid,_Ahmedabad_04.jpg|alt=Detail of a minaret| Cikakkun bayanai game da minaret
Fayil:Jama_Masjid,_Ahmedabad_13.jpg|alt=A mihrab in the mosque| Mihrab a cikin masallaci
Fayil:Jama_Masjid,Ahmedabad_1.JPG|alt=Pillars in periphery of Jama Masjid| Ginshiƙai a gefen Masallacin Jama
Fayil:Jama_Masjid,_Ahmedabad_14.jpg|alt=The basin for ablutions| Kwano don yin wanka


## Manazarta