open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Abubakar Saleh Michika

**Abubakar Saleh Michika** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1941 - ya mutu a ranar 10 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2018) ya kasance gwamnan farar hula na Najeriya na jihar Adamawa, Nijeriya daga ranar 2 ga watan Janairun shekara ta1992 zuwa ranar 17 ga watan Nuwamban shekara ta 1993. Ya kasance memba na National Republican Convention (NRC) mai mulki. Yayi aiki tare da Bankin Burtaniya na Yammacin Afirka a shekara ta 1966, sannan yayi aiki a kamfanin John Holt kafin ya shiga siyasa.

An haife shi a Michika, hedkwatar Michika karamar (karamar Hukumar), a cikin garin da yanzu akafi sani a matsayin jihar Adamawa a arewa maso gabashin Najeriya. Ya halarci makarantar firamarensa da ta Sakandare a Yola Middle School (wacce a yanzu ake kira da Janar Murtala Mohammed College Yola) sannan ya yi karatun sakandare a Makarantar don karatun Arabiyya. Ya auri mata huɗu da ’ya’ya 38, maza 17 mata 21, jikoki 105, da jikoki huɗu, dukkansu daga matansa huɗu; Hajiya Daudu, Mairama, Aisha da Nana Saleh Michika.  Saleh Michika ya haifar da ce-ce-ku-ce lokacin da yake cewa a shekara ta 1992 zai yarda ya koma kasar Kamaru da ke makwabtaka da ita idan har sojoji suka yi juyin mulki a Najeriya. Shekaru goma sha huɗu bayan haka, ya yi wata sanarwa mai rikitarwa cewa mafita ga matsalolin cin hanci da rashawa da rashin shugabanci a cikin ƙasa zai zama rikici, haɗakar da sojoji da farar hula, tare da shugaban soja na ƙasa. 

Mutum mai son aiwatar da aiki, kafin zaben shekara ta 1993 ya ki ganawa da Bashir Tofa, dan takarar shugaban kasa na jam’iyyarsa ta NRC, amma ya taimaka lokacin da MKO Abiola, dan takarar jam’iyyar adawa ta Social Democratic Party (SDP) ya zo jiharsa.  Sai dai kuma, a watan Yulin shekara ta 1993, bayan da gwamnatin Ibrahim Babangida ta soke zaben shugaban ƙasa na Abiola, ya ce "Mafi yawan yadda ni kaina na yaba da Moshood Abiola a matsayina na mutum daya, ra'ayin shugaban kudanci ba shi da gaskiya". 

A watan Janairun  shekara ta 2002, Michika ya bayyana mambobin Majalisar Dokokin a matsayin jami’an cin hanci da rashawa waɗanda ba ya girmama su, kuma ya yi gargadin hatsarin wani juyin mulkin soja.  A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2002, Saleh Michika ya kasance babban dan takara don zama dan takarar All Nigeria People Party (ANPP) na gwamnan Adamawa. 

A shekara ta 2005, Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo ya nada shi a matsayin shugaban kwamitin gudanarwa na kwalejin kimiyya da fasaha ta tarayya, Mubi.

A watan Mayun  shekara ta 2006, wasu da ake zargin ’yan fashi ne suka kashe wani kofur din dan sanda a gidansa. Sai dai kwamishinan ‘yan sandan jihar, Alhaji Muhammad Sambo, ya ce harin ba yunkurin kisan kai ba ne. 'Yan fashin sun so kawai su kwace bindigar kofur din. 

Saleh Michika ya yi ritaya daga siyasa mai aiki. Ya mutu bayan gajeriyar rashin lafiya a ranar 10 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2018. 

## Siyasa

## Manazarta
Kamfanin Siminti na Dangote Plc

**Dangote Cement Plc** wani kamfanin hada siminti ne da yake hada-hadar kasuwancin kasa da kasa wanda ke da hedikwata a Legas. Kamfanin ya tsunduma cikin kerawa da shiryawa da shigo da shi da kwalliya da rarraba siminti da kuma kayayyakin da suka danganci hakan a Kasar Najeriya kuma yana da shuke-shuke ko kuma tashar shigo da kayayyaki a wasu kasashen  Afirka guda 9.

## Tarihi
Dangote Siminti Plc ya kasance ana kiransa **Obajana Cement Plc** kuma ya canza suna zuwa Dangote Cement Plc a watan Yulin shekara ta 2010. Obajana Cement Plc an kafa shi a cikin shekara ta 1992. Dangote siminti Plc reshe ne na Dangote Industries Limited kuma shi ne kamfani mafi girma da ake kasuwanci a kasuwar hada-hadar hannayen jari ta Najeriya.

Kamfanin Siminti na Dangote da aka lissafa a kasuwar hada-hadar hannayen jari ta Najeriya a watan Oktoba a shekarar 2010 kuma ya zuwa ranar 13 ga watan Agustan, shekara ta 2014 ya samar da kashi 20% na jimillar kasuwar hada-hadar hannayen jari ta Najeriya. 

Aliko Dangote ya saka hannun jari dala biliyan 6.5 a kamfanin tsakanin shekara ta 2007 da shekara ta 2012. Siminti ya kai kimanin kashi 80&nbsp; cikin Dari (100%) na yawan kasuwancin rukunin Dangote ya zuwa shekara ta  2011.

## Ayyuka
Kamfanin Siminti na Dangote da ke Obajana, Kogi, shi ne mafi girma a yankin Saharar Afirka tare da samar da tan miliyan 10.25 a kowace shekara a kan layuka uku da kuma karin tan miliyan 3 a kowace shekara a halin yanzu ana gina shi. A shekara ta 2012, kamfanin ya bude $ 1&nbsp;kamfanin siminti biliyan a Ibese, Ogun. Ginin yana iya samar da 6&nbsp;miliyan metric tan na siminti a kowace shekara, yana haɓaka jimillar abin da kamfanin ke samarwa da 40&nbsp;kashi a lokacin. Kamfanin Sinoma ne na kamfanin gine-gine da injiniya na kasar Sin ya kafa kamfanin, kuma yana wakiltar daya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin da ba na mai ba a Najeriya. Ginin kamfanin a Gboko, Benue yana da tan miliyan 3 a kowace shekara tare da haɓaka zuwa tan miliyan 4 a kowace shekara da aka tsara a shekara ta 2013.

An buɗe wata shuka a cikin Senegal tare da wata shuka a Tanzania a cikin shekara ta 2015.

## Duba kuma

* Aliko Dangote
* Rukunin Dangote

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Kamfanin kamfanin siminti na Dangote 
* Siminti na Dangote  a rukunin gidan yanar gizon Rukunin Dangote.
* Siminti na Dangote a Bloomberg .
* Siminti Dangote a Kasuwancin Kasuwanci .
* Kamfanin Dangote  a Kamfanin Reuters .
* Siminti na Dangote a Jaridar Financial Times .
* Siminti na Dangote a Forbes Global 2000 .
Keji

**Keji** wani ɗan abu ne wanda kafinta ke haɗawa wanda yanada raga acikin shi. A taƙaice dai keji abin kiyon kaji a ciki, shi ne ake killace su musamman idan basuda yawa. 

## Manazarta
Sussuka

**Sussuka** sana'a ce wadda akeyi a ƙauyuka ko kuma muce a zamanin da, wanda yanzu an samu cigaba na tekanoloji da ya kawo injina masu yin wannan aiki na sussuka. Sussuka da casa, duk kusan abu ɗaya ne, sai dai ita sussuka zangarniya hatsi ake bugu, ita kuma casa misali kamar casa wake, masara da dai makamantansu. Menene sussuka kuma suwaye keyinta dame ake yinta? Sune muhimman abubuwa uku da zamu tattauna akai. 

Sussuka na nufin cire ƙwayar hatsi ko kuma amfanin gona daga cikin ɓawon shi ko kuma zangarniya ta hanyar amfani da turmi da taɓarya yayi bugu ko kuma casawa, misali sussuka gero, dawa, masara da sauran su. Mafi akasari mata ne akafi sani da sana'a sussuka, wato (sussukau) musamman tsofaffi, duk da kuma cewa wani lokacin maza suma sunayin sussuka amma ba kamar yadda mata keyi da turmi da taɓarya su maza suna samun kulki ne wato sanda mai kauri sai abaza zangarniya hatsi a falali ko a kan wata Shimfiɗa wadda aka tanada don yin sussuka/Bugu. 
Anayin sussuka ne da turmi da taɓarya 
Sannan kuma akan ware filin ne a can gefen gari don yin sussuka da bugun dawa ko gero ko kuma bayan gida a zamanin da. Ana kiran wajen da ake sussuka da (masussuki/masussuka) kamar yadda ya gabata ana amfani da turmi da taɓarya, sai kwarya da faifai don shiƙa hatsi da kuma rairaya yayin da aka gama sussuka, ita shiƙa anayinta bayan an kammala sussuka don fitar da hatsi daga wannan ƙaiƙayin nashi ko kuma kwalfa, Ko kwasa.

## Manazarta
Juju

**Juju** ko **ju-ju** (        )   ne mai tarin abun wasa, camfi, ilimi, riguna, sana'a, sato da sinadarai, sata da kuma kamar yadda yake da kowa a Afrika ta Yamma musamman mutanen Najeriya da Kamaru  A lokaci da aka amfani da su bin addinan gargajiya.

A dunkule ma'anar kalmar "juju" ana iya amfani da ita don koma zuwa kayan sihiri masu ma'amala da sa'a. 

## Tarihi

Kalmar "juju" ta fito ne dangane da Firist-Sarakuna na garuruwan Afirka ta Yamma, wanda ake jin daɗin wadatar biranen.  Sir James George Frazer ne yake rikodin wannan a cikin Folk-Lore (Vol. XXVI. ) Yana bugawa, karkashin taken A Firist-King in Nigeria, hanyar sadarwa da aka karba daga Mr. PA Talbot, Hakimin Gundumar a S. Nigeria. Marubucin ya ce babban Ju-Ju na Elele, wani gari a cikin NW na gundumar Degema, Firist-Sarki ne, wanda aka zaɓa na tsawon shekaru bakwai. "Duk wadatar garin, musamman albarkar gonar, abin birgewa, da gadon aure, yana da nasaba da rayuwarsa. Kamata ya fada da rashin lafiya, shi entailed iyali na Gana da kabari bala'i a kan mazaunan. " 

## Ayyuka
Juju wani sihiri ne na mutane a Afirka ta Yamma, a cikin juju akwai ra'ayoyi iri-iri. Juju laya da tsafe-tsafe za a iya amfani da su don haifar da mummunan juju ko mai kyau, wanda yake daidai da ko dai mara kyau ko sa'a. Juju tsafi iya at sau yi amfani da Larabci matani rubuta ta Musulunci da shugabannin addini .  "Mutumin juju" shine duk wani mutum wanda al'adun gargajiya suka bincika kuma ya kware sosai a magungunan gargajiya. 

A wasu lokuta ana amfani da Juju don aiwatar da yarjejeniya ko tabbatar da bin ƙa'idodi. A cikin yanayi na yau da kullun, mai sihiri da ke yin sihiri yana buƙatar biyan kuɗi don wannan sabis ɗin. 

## Manazarta
Owhrode

**Owhrode** wani gari ne da ke cikin Karamar Hukumar Udu a Jihar Delta, Nijeriya.

A ƙarshen shekara ta 2016, Owhrode da sauran al'ummomin Udu sun shiga rikicin kan iyaka tare da al'ummomin Ughievwen da ke kananan hukumomin Udu da Ughelli ta Kudu. 

Kungiyar tsagerun Niger Delta Greenland Justice Mandate sun dauki alhakin kai hari kan bututun iskar gas a yankin Owhrode a ranar 19, ga watan Agustan, shekara ta 2016.
 

## Manazarta.
Iyali

**Iyali** ko **Dangi** ko **Ahali:** Rukuni ne na mutane waɗanda, a mafi yawan lokuta suke rayuwa tare. Suna gudanar da aiyukan su a tare, suna cin abinci a tare kuma suna taimakon juna a ɓangarori daban-daban. Membobinta suna da alaƙa da asali (kamar  Uwa, Uba, ko ɗan'uwa da 'yar'uwa) ko kuma suna da alaƙa da juna, Misali ta hanyar Aure. Dama al'adu, da membobin wani iyali da wannan ko a kama mahaifi. Iyali sun fara ne daga kan miji da mata.

Iyali bisa ga koyarwar Katolika ana bi da su a cikin labarai da yawa na Catechism na Cocin Katolika wanda ya fara daga labarin 2201. 

Iyali wata ƙaramar Al'uma ce. Rayuwar iyali ta fi zama ta sirri da kusanci da rayuwar waje da ta jama'a. Amma a yawancin ƙasashe akwai dokoki a kanta. Misali, akwai takura wa yin aure a cikin iyali kuma an hana yin jima'i da dangi, musamman ma yara.

## Nau'in dangi
Nau'o'in iyali guda uku sune: ƙaramin dangin da dangin masu yawa da kuma zama mahaifi ba tare da rayuwa da aure ba.

# **Ƙaramin Iyali:** Ya ƙunshi mahaifi da mahaifiya da kuma ƴaƴan sune waɗaanda suke rayuwa tare.
# **Babban Iyali:** Shine iyali wanda ya ƙunshi uba da Matan sa da ƙannen uba da yayyen uba da ƴaƴansu da jikoki da kakanni da ma tattaɓa kunne waɗanda suke zaune a gida ɗaya. Ana yin irin wannan iyali A cikin ƙasashe da yawa ciki har da China, Pakistan da Indiya, dangi ko dangi masu haɗin gwiwa bisa al'ada suna rayuwa tare.

Dukansu "ƙaramin iyali" da "babban iyali" duk ana kiransu da "dangi na kusa".

Iyalan Foster sune dangi inda yaro ke zama tare kuma yake kulawa da mutanen da ba iyayen sa ba.

## '''Kusanci'''
Wasu dangi suna da kusanci da juna. Consanguinity hanya ce ta auna wannan kusancin.

## Manazarta
Makkah Masjid, Hyderabad

**Masallacin** Makka ko **Masallacin Makka, masallaci** ne na jama'a a cikin Hyderabad, Indiya . Yana daya daga cikin manya-manyan masallatai a India masu daukar Kimanin mutum 20,000. An gina masallacin ne a tsakanin ƙarni na 16 da na 17, kuma shi alama ce da ke da kariya daga jihar wacce take a tsakiyar tsohon garin Hyderabad, kusa da wuraren tarihi na Charminar, Fadar Chowmahalla da Laad Bazaar .

Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, sarki na biyar a masarautar Qutb Shahi, ya ba da bulo da za a yi daga kasar da aka kawo daga Makka, wurin da ya fi kowane addini musulunci, kuma ya yi amfani da su wajen gina tsakiyar masallacin, don haka ya ba masallacin da sunanta. Ita ce ta kafa cibiyar da Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah ya shirya garin . 

## Tarihi da gini
An gina Masallacin Makka a lokacin mulkin Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, Qutb Shahi Sultan na biyar na Golconda (yanzu Hyderabad). Hanyoyi guda uku  An sassaka daga dutse guda ɗaya, wanda ya ɗauki shekaru biyar ana sassaka shi. Fiye da ma'aikata 8,000 ne aka ba aikin gina masallacin. Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah da kansa ya aza harsashin ginin kuma ya gina ta. An yi watsi da ginin bayan mutuwar Sarki.

Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, ɗan asalin Kasar Faransa, mai bincike, a cikin littafin balaguronsa ya lura cewa:"Kimanin shekaru 50 kenan da fara gina wata kyakkyawar dabi'a a garin wanda zai kasance mafi girma a duk Indiya idan aka kammala shi. Girman dutsen shine batun cikawa ta musamman, kuma na wani ginshiƙi, wanda shine wurin addu'arsa, babban dutse ne wanda yake da girman gaske wanda suka kwashe shekaru biyar suna sassaka shi, kuma maza 500 zuwa 600 suna aiki koyaushe a kan aikinta. Ya buƙaci ƙarin lokaci don mirgine shi don isar da shi ta inda suka kawo shi cikin pagoda; kuma uda sun dauki shanu g1400 da za su zana ” 

Nizams na Hyderabad (ban da na farko da na ƙarshe) ana binne su a harabar masallacin.

A ranar 18 ga watan Mayun shekara ta 2007, wani bam ya fashe a cikin Masallacin Makka lokacin da ake sallar Juma'a, ya kashe a kalla mutane goma sha uku tare da jikkata wasu da dama.  

## Kabbarori
Kofar farfajiyar ɗayan ɗayan fasali ne na masallaci wanda yake da murabba'i mai kusurwa huɗu, kibiya, da kuma shimfidawa wanda ke ɗauke da kabarin marmara na sarakunan daular Asaf Jahi. Wannan tsari an kirkireshi ne a lokacin mulkin sarakunan Asaf Jah. Tana dauke da kaburburan dukkan shuwagabannin Asaf Jahi banda na *1* da na *karshe Nizam,* Mir Osman Ali Khan, wanda aka binne shi a Masallacin Judi daura da Fadar Sarki Kothi.

A kowane karshen wannan wurin hutun na Asaf Jahi akwai wasu bangarori masu kusurwa huɗu tare da minaret guda huɗu kowanne. Wadannan minarets suna da baranda masu kyau da madauwari tare da ƙananan ganuwar ado da baka. A saman su akwai wata faranti mai jujjuya murabba'i wanda sauran minarets suke hawa sama har sai da aka kama shi ta hanyar dome da spire.

## Manazarta
Baha Abu al-Ata

**Baha Abu al-Ata** ( Arabic   ;  Nuwamba 1977 - 12 Nuwamba 2019) ya kasance shugaban ƙungiyar Islamic Jihad a Palestine (PIJ).  A ranar 12 ga Nuwamban shekarar 2019, Dakarun tsaron Isra'ila (IDF) sun kashe Abu al-Ata da matarsa a wani hari da aka kai musu, wasu 'ya'yansu huɗu da makwabcinsu kuma an ruwaito sun jikkata.  Kashe-kashen ya haifar da rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da Falasdinawa .   Khalil Bathani ya zama sabon shugaban PIJ. 

## Al-Quds Brigades
An haifi Al-Ata a ranar 25 ga Nuwamban shekarar 1977 a Shuja'iyya . Ya shiga Al-Quds Brigades, wani reshe mai ɗauke da makamai na Harkar Jihad Islami a Palastinu, a cikin 1990,  daga baya ya zama shugaban kungiyar.   Rundunar tsaron Isra'ila (IDF) ta ce, kafin mutuwarsa, Abu al-Ata ya ba da umurni ga yunkurin PIJ a arewacin yankin Zirin Gaza,  kuma yana da alhakin hare-haren da aka kai wa Isra'ila a cikin shekara ta 2019, kamar makamai masu linzami zuwa birnin Sderot na Isra'ila a watan Agusta, da kuma birnin Ashdod a watan Satumba. A cewar IDF, Abu al-Ata ya shirya kai wasu hare-hare a nan gaba.  

## Mutuwa
A ranar 12 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 2019, IDF ta kashe Abu al-Ata a wani harin da ta kai ta sama. Aikin ya dogara ne akan takamaiman bayanan sirri da Shin Bet ya bayar.  An fara arangama tsakanin Gaza da Isra'ila bayan mutuwarsa  . 

## Manazarta
WorldCat Identities (identifier)

**WorldCat katalogi** ne na kungiya wanda ke daukar tarin dakunan karatu na 15,600 a cikin kasashe 107  wadanda ke shiga cikin hadin gwiwa na OCLC na duniya. OCLC, Inc. ne ke sarrafa shi  The biyan kudin shiga memba dakunan karatu tare tsare WorldCat ta database, a duniya, most bibliographic database .  Bayanai sun hada da sauran hanyoyin samun bayanai baya ga tarin dakin karatu na membobi.  OCLC ta samar da WorldCat kanta kyauta ga dakunan karatu, amma kundin shine tushe don sauran ayyukan sabis na OCLC (kamar rarraba albarkatu da kulawar tarawa). WorldCat masu amfani da laburare suna amfani dashi don adanawa da bincike da kuma ga jama'a.

## Tarihi
An kafa OCLC a shekarar 1967 karkashin jagorancin Fred Kilgour .  A waccan shekarar, OCLC ta fara habaka fasahar kundin kungiya wanda daga baya zata rikide zuwa WorldCat; an kara bayanan kasida na farko a shekarar 1971.  

### 2003
A shekarar 2003, OCLC ta fara shirin gwaji na "Open WorldCat", ta hanyar yin takaitattun bayanai daga wani rukuni na WorldCat da ake samu don hadin gwiwar shafukan yanar gizo da masu sayar da litattafai, don kara samun damar shiga cikin tarin dakunan karatun mambobin membobinsu.  

### 2005

A cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2005, ma'aikatan fasaha na OCLC sun fara aikin wiki, WikiD, yana ba masu karatu damar ƙara sharhi da kuma tsarin filin da ke da alaƙa da kowane rikodin WorldCat.  Daga baya an dakatar da WikiD, kodayake daga baya WorldCat ta haɗa abubuwan da aka samar da masu amfani ta wasu hanyoyin.  

### 2006
A cikin 2006, ya zama mai yiwuwa ga kowa ya bincika WorldCat kai tsaye a budewar gidan yanar gizon ta,  ba wai kawai ta hanyar yin amfani da tsarin ba da izini na farko ba inda aka samo shi a yanar gizo don yin rajistar dakunan karatu sama da shekaru goma da suka gabata.  Zabubbuka don Karin binciken bincike na WorldCat sun kasance akwai ta hanyar kebabbiyar hanyar bincike ta farko. 

A shekara ta 2007, WorldCat Identities sun fara samar da shafuka don "ainihi" miliyan 20, wadanda metadata ne game da sunaye - galibi marubuta da mutanen da suke taken taken da aka buga. 

A cikin 2017, OCLC's WorldCat Search API an hada shi cikin kayan aikin kira na  na Wikipedia, yana bawa editocin Wikipedia damar kawo tushe daga WorldCat cikin sauƙi.   Farawa daga 2017, OCLC da Taskar Intanet sun yi aiki tare don yin adana bayanan Taskar Intanet na littattafan lambobi a cikin WorldCat.Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2020, WorldCat ta kunshi kusan bayanan kundin tarihi na miliyan 500 a cikin harsuna 483, wakiltar sama da biliyan 3 na kayan dakunan karatu na zahiri da dijital,  da kuma bayanan WorldCat na mutane (wanda aka hako daga WorldCat) sun hada da mutane sama da miliyan 100. 

Ana ba da gudummawar dakunan karatu ga WorldCat ta hanyar komputa na Connexion, wanda aka gabatar a cikin 2001; wacce ta gabace ta, Fasfo din OCLC, an daina amfani da ita a watan Mayun 2005. 

## Duba nan kuma

* Copac
* Aikace-aikacen da Aka Yi amfani da shi na Fassara (FAST)
* Jerin bayanan ilimi da injunan bincike
* Bude Library

## Manazarta
Gadar kogin Niger

**Gadar Kogin Neja** da ke Onitsha (wanda aka fi sani da Gadar Onitsha), Jihar Anambra, Nijeriya ta hadu kudu maso gabashin Nijeriya da yammacin Nijeriya a kan Kogin Neja . Wanda  a Asaba a jihar Delta, Najeriya.

## Tarihi
Karatun mai yiwuwa da kuma yin la'akari da yadda za'a iya gina gada a hayin Kogin Niger daga Asaba zuwa Onitsha wanda Netherlands engineering Consultants Hague, Holland (NEDECO) suka gudanar a cikin shekarun 1950,  Tsakanin 1964 da 1965, katafaren kamfanin gine-ginen faransa, Dumez, ya gina gadar Neja, don hada Onitsha da Asaba a cikin jihohin Anambara da Delta a yanzu a kan kudin da aka kiyasta na £ 6.75 miliyan. An kammala ginin gadar a watan Disambar shekara ta alib 1965. 

Bayan an kammala, gada ya kasance kafa takwas da dari hudu da ashirin (8 × 420&nbsp;ft.) Tare da hanyar mota mai kafa 36-tsakiyar truss da kuma tafiya mai tafiya a bangarorin biyu na hanyar motar. Firayim Minista na lokacin Marigayi Alhaji Tafawa Balewa ne ya ba da umarnin kuma aka bude shi don zirga-zirga a watan Disambar shekara ta alib 1965. Kaddamar da gadar shi ne aiki na karshe na Firayim Minista kafin a kashe shi a ranar 15 ga Janairun shekara ta alib 1966. 

A lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya na shekarar alib 1967 - 1970, a kokarin dakatar da ci gaban sojojin Najeriya, sojojin da suka dawo daga Biafra sun lalata Gadar Niger da ke Onitsha, inda suka yiwa 'yan Najeriya tarko a wancan gefen kogin. A lokacin gwamnatin Shugaba Goodluck Ebele Jonathan, an gyara gadar ta hanyar sauya sau biyu a karshen Onitsha na gadar da ta lalace a lokacin yakin basasa da beli mai kafa goma sha hudu, a kan kudin da aka kiyasta ya kai fam miliyan 1.5. 

## Hanyoyin hadin waje

* Bidiyon Gadar Neja (Youtube.com)

## Manazarta
Mata a musulunchi

**Mata a musulunci** Suna da matukar daraja da kima a musulunci. wannan ne ya sa har (Allah SWT) ya saukar da Surah guda acikin littafi mai tsarki AlQur'ani wacce ta yi bayani dangane da sha'anin mata wato ; SURATUN-NISAA'I ma'ana:  surar da ke magana kan sha'anin mata.

## Tarihi
Kafin zuwan musulunchi mata sun kasance basu da wata kima a wajen mutane Kuma basu da wani 'yanci. Kafin zuwan musulunchi mutane suna kyamar mata matuka wannan ne yasa mutum baya son a haifar mishi jaririya mace idan an haifeta zai je ya haka rami ya binne ta da ranta. Kuma dai a wancen lokacin mata basu da wani hakki face yanda aka yi da su, basu da rabon gado saidai ma a gajesu Kamar wasu dawaki.

Da zuwan musulunchi mata suka Sami 'yanci suka zama 'yan gata ababan girmamawa  ta yanda Allah ya dora nauyin kula da su daya hada da Ciyarwa,muhalli,Tufatarwa,kare lafiya, ilimantarwa, kyautatawa, da dai sauransu a kan mazaje. Musulunchi ya ba mata dukkan hakkin daya kamata a ba su hadi da kyautatawa  ba tare da tozarta rayuwarsu ba. Musulunchi ya dora nauyin kula da mace a kan iyayenta lokacin da take karama, daga lokacin da ta girma ta yi aure to nauyin ya koma kan mijin daya aureta, da zaran Kuma ta tsufa to dole ne 'ya'yanta da mijinta su kula da rayuwarta. Musulunchi ya ba mata damar su gaji duniyar da iyayensu ko mazajensu suka mutu suka bari Kamar yanda addinin musulunchi ya tsara.  Babu wani addini da ya girmama mata Kamar musulunchi domin kuwa shi ne addinin daya daukewa mata dukkan wahal-halun rayuwa na Neman abinci ko abinda Ya yi kama da haka, ya dora nauyin a kan maza su kuma mata aka ba su damar su zauna su huta Mike kafa a yi musu komai.
## Hotuna

Hijabis - 2017 (37019672366).jpg|Ƴan mata sanye da hujabi
File:Celebrating_Sanctuary_2011_-_04_(5860337217).jpg |Wata sanye da Hijabi


## Manazarta
Gigi Ugulava

**Giorgi "Gigi" Ugulava** (Jojiya: გიგი უგულავა) (an haife shi a 15 ga Agusta, 1975) ɗan siyasan Georgia ne kuma tsohon Magajin garin Tbilisi (2005–2013). Ya kasance daya daga cikin tsoffin shugabannin jam'iyyar United National Movement (UNM) kuma tsohon na hannun daman tsohon Shugaban Georgia Mikheil Saakashvili. A 10 ga Fabrairu 2020, an yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 3 a kurkuku. Koyaya, a ranar 15 ga Mayu, Shugaba Salome Zourabichvili ya yiwa Ugulava afuwa.
 

## Manazarta
Sandra Roelofs

**Sandra Elisabeth Roelofs – Saakashvili** (kuma an rubuta shi Saakasjvili; Jojiya; sɑndrɑ ɛlizɑbɛt rulɔfsi saːk'ɑʃvili], lafazin Yukren: [ˈsɑndrɐ elisɐˈbɛt ˈrulofs saːkɐʃˈwili]; an haife shi a 23 Disamba 1968) 'yar gwagwarmaya ce kuma' yar difilomasiyya 'yar asalin Dutch-Georgia ce daga 2004 zuwa 2013, lokacin da mijinta Mikheil Saakashvili na kasar.
 

## Manazarta
Akaki Tsereteli

**Akaki Tsereteli** wanda galibi ake kiransa da suna **Akaki**, (dan kasar Georgia: აკაკი წერეთელი) (1840-1915), ya kasance shahararren mawaki dan kasar Georgia kuma dan gwagwarmayar kwatar 'yanci na kasa.

## Haihuwa
An haife shi a ƙauyen Skhvitori, yankin Imereti na yammacin Georgia a ranar 9 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1840, ga wani mashahurin dan asalin Georgia. Mahaifinsa shi ne Yarima Rostom Tsereteli, mahaifiyarsa, Gimbiya Ekaterine, 'yar Ivane Abashidze kuma jika ga Sarki Solomon I na Imereti.

A bin tsohuwar al'adar iyali, Tsereteli ya yi shekarun yarinta yana zama tare da dangin manoma a ƙauyen Savane. Nannies na baƙauye ne suka rene shi, duk waɗannan sun sa shi jin tausayin rayuwar manoma a Georgia. Ya sauke karatu daga Kutaisi Classical Gymnasium a 1852 da Jami'ar Saint Petersburg Faculty of Oriental Languages ​​a 1863. Tsereteli babban amini ne ga Ilia Chavchavadze, shugaban matasa masu ci gaba na Georgia. Generationaramar ƙabilar Joorjiyawa a cikin shekarun 1860s, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Chavchavdze da Tsereteli, sun yi zanga-zangar adawa da tsarin Tsarist tare da yin kamfen don farfaɗo da al'adu da ƙudurin 'yan Georgia.

## Marubuci
Marubuci ne na ɗaruruwan waƙoƙin kishin ƙasa, na tarihi, na waƙoƙi da na ban dariya, da kuma labaran ban dariya da kuma littafin tarihin rayuwa. Tsereteli ya kasance mai aiki a ayyukan ilimi, aikin jarida da kuma wasan kwaikwayo.

## Shahara
Shahararren waƙar gargajiya ta Georgia ɗan ƙasa Suliko ya dogara ne da kalmomin Tsereteli. Ya mutu a Janairu 26, 1915, kuma an binne shi a Mtatsminda Pantheon da ke Tbilisi. Da samun ɗa, wasan opera na Rasha ya ba da labarin Alexey Tsereteli. Wata babbar hanyar titi a cikin garin Tbilisi ana kiranta da sunan sa, kamar yadda ɗayan tashar tashar jirgin ta Tbilisi yake.

## Manazarta
Kogin Hadejia

**Kogin Haɗejia** ( Hausa : ) kogi ne dake a jihar Jigawa a arewacin Najeriya kuma yanki nena Kogin Yobe (Ko Madugu Yobe).  Daga cikin garuruwa da biranen da suke kwance ko kusa da bankunan akwai Hadejia  da Nguru. Lalacewar kogin da nufin noman rani ya haifar da raguwar yawan ruwa a yankin dausayin Hadejia-Nguru,  wanda kogin yake yi tare da Tafkin Nguru. A yanzu haka kogin Hadejia yana ƙarƙashin kashi 80% na madatsun ruwa na Tiga Dam da Challawa da ke jihar Kano .

## Manazarta.
Levan Khabeishvili

**Levan Khabeishvili** (an haife shi ranar 7 ga watan Mayu, 1987). Ɗan siyasan Georgia ne kuma tsohon memba na Majalisar Birnin Tbilisi. Memba na Haɗaɗɗiyar Kungiyar Kasa. Memba a majalisar Georgia.

## Ayyuka
A cikin 2012-2013 ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Kwararre a cikin Gudanar da Shugaba Mikheil Saakashvili, a cikin 2013-2014 ya rike mukamin Mataimakin Shugaban Kula da Ayyukan Jama'a da Al'adu na Municipal Service na Tbilisi City Hall.

A cikin 2017, an zaɓe shi memba na Majalisar Birnin Tbilisi.

## Siyasa
A zaɓen majalisar dokoki na shekarar 2020, ya kasance dan takarar na gama gari na wasu jam’iyyun adawa a yankin Samgori. Ya samu kashi 39.14% na kuri'un (27,506) kuma ya zo zagaye na biyu. Ya ƙi tsayawa a zagaye na biyu kuma ya shiga majalisar a cikin jerin jam'iyyun (gaba ɗaya tare da 'yan adawa, yana faɗin magudin zaɓe). A hukumance, ya kasance memba na majalisar Georgia na taro na 10 tun 2020, bisa ga jerin sunayen jam'iyyun, kungiyar zaben: "Hadin Kan Kasa - Hadin Kan '' rearfi yana cikin Unityaya"

## Manazarta
Hukumar Kula da Zirga-Zirgar Ababen hawa ta Kano (KAROTA)

**Hukumar** zirga-zirgar ababen hawa ta kano hukuma ce ta gwamnatin jihar Kano wacce aka kafa ta don sauya tsarin sufurin jihar da tabbatar da tsarin  zirga-zirgar ababen hawa a cikin jihar Kano tare da rage hatsarurruka akan hanya.   

## Tarihi
Hukumar kula da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa ta Kano (KAROTA) ko (AR5) hukuma ce ta kula da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa wacce tsohon Gwamnan Jihar Kano, Rabiu Kwankwaso ya kafa a shekara ta 2012 domin tsabtace hanyoyin ta hanyar tabbatar da masu amfani da hanyoyi a cikin jihar ta Kano sun bi doka.   

## Manazarta
Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Neja

**Majalisar dokokin jihar Neja** ita ce bangaren da ke tsara dokokin gwamnatin jihar Neja ta Najeriya.   Majalisar dokoki ce mai mambobi guda 27 da aka zaba daga kananan hukumomi guda 25 na jihar.An kayyade kananan hukumomin da ke da yawan mabukata a mazabu biyu don ba da wakilci dai-dai. Wannan ya sanya yawan 'yan majalisar a majalisar dokokin jihar Neja sunkai guda 27.

Ayyukan yau da kullun na Majalisar sune ƙirƙirar sabbin dokoki, gyara ko soke dokokin da ke akwai da kuma kula da zartarwa.     An zabi membobin majalisar na tsawon shekaru hudu tare da 'yan majalisar tarayya (majalisar dattijai da ta wakilai). Majalisar jihar tana yin taro sau uku a mako (Talata, Laraba da Alhamis) don yin cikakken zama a harabar majalisar a cikin babban birnin jihar, Minna . Ana gudanar da kwamitoci da ayyukan kulawa kamar yadda membobin suka yanke. 

Honarabul Abdullahi Wuse da Bako Kassim Alfa a matsayin kakakin majalisa da mataimakin kakakin majalisar.  Bako Kasim wanda aka zaba tare da kakakin majalisar a ranar daya ya sauka daga matsayinsa na mataimakin kakakin majalisar tare da wani dalili da ba a bayyana ba, sannan an zabi Jibrin Baba na mazabar Lavun a matsayin mataimakin kakakin majalisar.

## Jerin wakilai

* Ahmed Marafa, mai wakiltar Chanchaga
* Abdullahi Wuse, mai wakiltar Tafa, Shugaban Majalisar
* Bako Kassim Alfa,mai wakiltar Bida I
* Jibrin Ndagi Baba,mai wakiltar Lavun, mataimakin kakakin majalisar
* Abdullahi Mohammed Kagara (APC), mai wakiltar Raffi,magatakarda,
* Mohammed Bashir Lokogoma, mai wakiltar Wushishi.
* Hussaini Ibrahim (APC),mai wakiltar Agaie
* Isah Ibrahim (APC),shugaban masu rinjaye, mai wakiltar Rijau
* Musa Alhaji Sule (APC),mai wakiltar Katcha, Babban Bulala
* Mohammed Abba Bala (APC),mai wakiltar Borgu.

## Manazarta
Jami'ar Jihar Adamawa

**Jami'ar Jihar Adamawa** tana cikin birnin Mubi, a gundumar mazabar Arewacin Jihar Adamawa, Nijeriya. An kafa ta a cikin shekara ta 2002 a bisa Dokar Jami'ar Jihar ta Adamawa mai lamba 10 na shekara ta 2001. Taken jami'a shine "Tabbatar da cigaba da habakar Jihar a cikin sauri". 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Tashar Yanar gizon Jami'ar Jihar Adamawa
Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Adamawa

**Majalisar dokoki ta jihar Adamawa** ita ce bangaren kafa dokokin gwamnatin jihar 
 Adamawa.   Majalisar dokoki ce mai mambobi  guda 25 da aka zaba daga kananan hukumomi guda 21 (Mazabar Jihohi). An kayyade kananan hukumomin da ke da yawan mabukata a mazabu biyu don ba da wakilci dai-dai. Wannan ya sanya adadin 'yan majalisa a majalisar dokokin jihar ta Adamawa guda  25.

## Aikin majalisar
Ayyukan yau da kullun na Majalisar sune ƙirƙirar sabbin dokoki, gyara ko soke dokokin da ke akwai da kuma kula da zartarwa.   An zabi membobin majalisar na tsawon shekaru hudu tare da 'yan majalisar tarayya (majalisar dattijai da ta wakilai). Majalisar jihar tana yin taro sau uku a mako (Talata, Laraba da Alhamis) a cikin majalisar a cikin babban birnin jihar, Yola.

Kakakin majalisar dokokin jihar ta Adamawa na 7 shine Iya Abbas.  Jam'iyyar Democratic Party (PDP) itace jam'iyya mafi rinjaye da mambobi guda 13 yayin da All Progressive Congress ke da kujeru  gyda 11 African Democratic Congress tana da guda  1 yana saka su a cikin marasa rinjaye.  

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Adamawa

**Makarantar Kimiyya ta Fasaha ta Adamawa** babbar makarantar koyarwa ce a Numan, Jihar Adamawa, Nijeriya. An kafa ta a cikin shekara ta 1991 ta hanyar haɗin Kwalejin Nazarin Yola da Cibiyar Raya Ma'aikata Numan. Sabuwar fasahar kere-kere ta samar da shirye-shiryen difloma na kasa a Kimiyyar Kwamfuta, Kididdiga, Akawu, Nazarin Kasuwanci da Nazarin Sakatariya.  Kwalejin kimiyya, wanda jihar ke gudanarwa, Hukumar Kula da Ilimin Fasaha ce ta amince da ita. 

 
A shekara ta 2007 makarantar kere-kere ta dauki ma'aikata guda 200 wadanda suka dace da daidaitattun al'adu da addinai. Bayan sun kwashe shekaru biyu ba tare da biyan su albashi ba kungiyar ta gurfanar da gwamnatin jihar a gaban kotu inda ta nemi a biya ta albashi da alawus. A watan Disambar shekara ta 2009 babban alkalin da ke sauraron karar ya ba da shawarar cewa wadanda ke azabtarwa da cin zarafi kan malaman ya kamata su daina.  A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta  2008 wani kwamitin da ke nazarin kwalejin ya fitar da wani rahoto mai tsauri tare da yin kira ga Gwamna Murtala Nyako da ya dauki matakin bayar da belin cibiyar daga matsalar tabarbarewar ilimi. Kwamitin ya lura da cewa kwalejin tana da shirye-shirye uku da aka amince da su a cikin 33 da ta bayar, kuma ta bayyana "rashin kulawa, rashin kwanciyar hankali" a tsakanin ma'aikatan da kuma "fahimtar kabilanci da nuna son kai."  A watan Disambar shekara ta  2009 ne gwamnatin jihar ta ba da izinin kashe Naira miliyan 20.1 a harabar dakin karatun da gidan malamai da kuma katange makarantar, wanda aka yi watsi da shi tun shekara ta 2001. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin ilimin fasaha a Najeriya

## Manazarta
Satar Mutane a Kaduna

**Satar Kaduna** ta faru ne a ranar 11 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2021, lokacin da aka sace a kalla dalibai guda 30 a jihar Kaduna, Najeriya, yayin wani hari da wasu ‘yan bindiga dauke da makamai suka kai kan Kwalejin Gandun Daji ta Tarayya.    Wannan shi ne karo na uku da ake satar mutane a Najeriya daga wata makarantar ilimi a shekara ta 2021, kuma na hudu kenan tun daga watan Disambar shekara ta 2020, wanda ke zuwa makonni biyu bayan sace Zamfara wanda ya haifar da sace dalibai mata guda 279.

## Satar mutane
Harin ya afku ne da karfe 9:30 na dare agogon kasar a ranar 11 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2021 a Kwalejin Koyon Gandun Daji ta Tarayya da ke Mando, Jihar Kaduna.  Kwalejin ta kasance a wajen garin Kaduna kusa da barikin sojoji na makarantar horar da sojoji.    "Bandan fashi da makami" sun shiga makarantar ta hanyar yin rami a bangon kewayen gidan.  Mazauna yankin sun ba da rahoton jin karar harbe-harbe, amma sun dauka daga horo ne a makarantar sojoji. 

A cewar mafi yawan majiyai, ma’aikata da ɗalibai sun aika kiran gaggawa a cikin harabar jami’ar  kuma mambobin rukunin farko na Sojojin Najeriya, waɗanda ke zaune a makarantar kwalejin sojoji da ke kusa da su, sun sa maharan cikin faɗa.    Sun sami damar tseratar da ma'aikata da daliban guda 180 wadanda tun farko aka yi garkuwa da su washegari.   Wasu daliban sun sami damar kaucewa kamawa ta hanyar buya a karkashin gadajensu, tunda akwai wutar lantarki.  Daliban da ke halartar kwalejin sun wuce shekaru 17 da haihuwa kuma sun haɗu da jinsi.  Wasu daga cikin wadanda aka kubutar din sun ji rauni kuma an dauke su don kula da lafiya a wani sansanin sojoji da ke kusa.  Kimanin manyan motoci 20 mallakar sojojin Najeriya aka gani a tsaitsaye a wajen makarantar. Kimanin ɗalibai 30 ba a ba da lissafin su ba.  

An fara aikin ceto a kokarin dawo da daliban da aka samu nasarar sace su. An rawaitocewa watakila wadanda suke garkuwan suna cikin dajin Rugu na kusa, wanda ya mamaye sama da jihohi uku na Najeriya.

## Duba kuma

* Satar mutane a Najeriya
* Kagara satar mutane
* Kankara satar mutane
* Satar Zamfara

## Manazarta
Garkuwa da Mutane a Jami'ar Greenfield

**Garkuwa da mutane a Jami'ar Greenfield,** ya faru ne a ranar 20 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 2021, lokacin da aka sace aƙalla ɗalibai da ma'aikata guda 23 a ƙauyen Kasarami, da ke karamar Hukumar Chikun, a Jihar Kaduna, Nijeriya. Yayin wani hari da wasu da ake zargin 'yan fashi da makami ne suka kai a Jami'ar Greenfield . Wannan shi ne karo na hudu da ake satar mutane daga wata makarantar ilimi a shekara ta 2021, kuma na biyar kenan tun daga watan Disambar shekara ta 2020, wanda ke zuwa makonni biyar da kwanaki shida bayan sace Afaka, inda aka sace dalibai guda 39.

## Bayan Fage
Harin ya faru ne da karfe 8:15 na dare agogon yankin a ranar 20 ga watan  Afrilun shekara ta 2021 a Jami'ar Greenfield . Hukumomin ‘yan sanda sun tabbatar da satar kuma sun ce wadanda ake zargin’ yan fashi da makami ne suka kutsa kai cikin makarantar suka yi awon gaba da daliban, yayin da suka kashe wani ma’aikaci guda. Masu garkuwan sun nemi fan miliyan 800 na fansa.  

## Kisa
A ranar 23 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 2021, masu garkuwar sun kashe dalibai uku a hannunsu. An gano gawarwakin daliban da suka mutu a kauyen Kwanan Bature, wani wuri kusa da jami’ar. 

A ranar 26 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 2021, an kashe wasu daliban jami'ar da aka sace.

## Duba kuma

* Satar Mutane a Najeriya
* Afaka satar mutane
* Kagara satar mutane
* Kankara satar mutane
* Makurdi satar mutane
* Satar Zamfara

## Manazarta
Kogin Katsina Ala

**Katsina Ala** (ko Katsina-Ala) kogi ne a tsakiyar Nijeriya, wanda ke tsakiyar yankinsa na Tsakiya . yana aiki a matsayin babbar mashigar Kogin Benuwai a Nijeriya. Tushen kogin an same shi ne a tsaunukan Bamenda da ke arewa maso yammacin Kamaru. Yana gudana  arewa maso yamma a Kamaru, ya tsallaka kan iyakar Najeriya da Kamaru zuwa Najeriya. 

## Wuri
Ana samun kogin Katsina Ala galibi a jihar Benuwe ta Najeriya, bayan ya tsallaka kan iyaka tsakanin Najeriya da Kamaru, kafin ya zubar da abin da ke cikinsa zuwa Kogin Benuwai.

## Garuruwa
Katsina-Ala babban birni ne kuma babban gari na karamar hukumar Katsina Ala a jihar Benuwai, Najeriya. Ana samun sa a bakin kogin Katsina Ala tare da ƙauyuka da yawa a kan hanyar. Tana da babbar kasuwa da ke ci a kowane Alhamis ɗin mako.

## Manazarta
Daily Nigerian

**Daily Nijeriya** Kamfanin jarida ne a Nijeriya jarida bugu kamfanin tushen yana a Abuja tana wallafa labaranta a harshen Turanci sannan da kuma Harshen-Hausa.       

## Tarihi

An kafa *Daily Nigerian* a ranar 6 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2016.  Kamfanin ya shahara sosai bayan wallafa wasu shirye-shiryen bidiyo mai cike da cece-kuce wanda ke nuna wani Gwamnan Najeriya, Abdullahi Umar Ganduje na jihar Kano yana karɓar cin hancin dala miliyan 5 a watan Oktoban shekara ta 2018.    

## Ma'aikata
A Edita a Cif Jaafar Jaafar  ya tsofaffin] aliban na Jami'ar Bayero, Kano da kuma ( London School of Public Relations  ). Jaafar ya fara aikinsa ne da Aminiya tsakanin shekara ta 2007 zuwa shekara ta 2011, ya bar ɗakin labarai bayan naɗa shi a matsayin Mataimaki na Musamman kan Harkokin Yaɗa Labarai da Hulda da Jama’a ga Gwamnan Kano Rabi’u Kwankwaso tsakanin shekara ta 2011 zuwa shekara ta  2015. ya shiga jaridar Premium Times ya bar shekara guda bayan kafa kamfanin Daily Nigerian. a cikin shekara ta  2016, shi marubuci ne na *jaridar Daily Daily*, da *jaridar Blueprint* da kuma *jaridar Nigerian Tribune* .  

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Tashar Yanar Gizo
Mtavari Arkhi

**Mtvari Arkhi** (wanda aka fassara shi zuwa Babban Channel) tashar telebijin ce mai zaman kanta a Georgia. An kafa shi a ranar 17 ga Agusta, 2019, ya fara watsa shirye-shirye a ranar 9 ga Satumba, 2019. Babban daraktan tashar Talabijin din Nika Gvaramia ne. Mafi yawa daga cikin rukunin tashar gidan talabijin sun hada da mutanen da suka bar Rustavi 2. Ana watsa shi a duk fadin Georgia, duka a cikin iska da kuma ta hanyar tauraron dan adam, ta hanyar masu amfani da waya da talabijin na IP.
Al-Zamakhshari

**Abū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd bn Umar al-Zamakhsharī** (  ), wanda aka sani da **al-Zamakhsharī**, ko **Jar Allāh** ("maƙwabcin Allah") (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga watan  Maris na shekara ta 1075 &#x2013; ya mutu a ranar 12 ga watan Yuni na shekara ta 1144), ya kasance malamin addinin musulunci ne,  Dan  asalin Kasar  Farisa.     Ya kasance babban malamin fikihu a Hanafiyya, Mu'tazile ne shi kuma masanin tauhidi, sannan gwani a kan ilimin  larabci.  Shaharar Al-Zamakhshari a matsayin malami ya ta'allaka ne a kan *tafsirinsa* (tafsiri) a cikin tafsirinsa na Kur'ani, *Al-Kashshaaf*.  Wannan nazarin ilimin falsafa na ayar Kur'ani ya haifar da takaddama dangane da fassarar Muʿtazilanci.   

## Rayuwa
An haifi Al-Zamakhsharī a cikin , Khwarezmia, a ranar 18 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1075.  Ya yi karatu a Bukhara da Samarkand, kafin ya yi tafiya zuwa Bagadaza,  Ya kasance masanin kimiyyar harshen larabci kuma yana adawa da tafiyar Shu'ubiyya. Ya yi rubutu da farko cikin Larabci, wani lokaci a cikin harshen Farisanci, kuma ya dogara ne da ƙididdigar MS a cikin *Muqaddimat al-adab*, babban ƙamus ɗinsa, ana jin cewa shi ɗan asalin kabilar tsohuwar Khwarezmian ne shi (duba ƙasa). Bayan da ya rasa ƙafa zuwa sanyi, ya ɗauki sanarwa ba da sanarwa cewa yankewar ba zato ba tsammani, kuma ba doka ta tanadar doka ba.  Al-Zamakhsharī ya sami *laƙabin* "Jar-Allāh" ("makwabcin Allah") tsawon shekarun da ya yi a Makka kafin daga bisani ya koma Khwarezm, ( Turkmenistan ta yanzu ). Al-Zamakhsharī ya mutu a cikin babban birnin Gurgānj a ranar 12 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1144 AD (Litinin, jajibirin ranar 8 ga watan Zulhijja, shekara ta 538 AH).

## Ayyukan da Aka Zaɓa
Daga cikin sama da lakabi hamsin da aka lasafta shi akwai irinsu:

* *Al-Kashshaaf* (  ); 'Mai bayyanawa'; wani classic aikin Mu'tazilite  *tafsirin* ( Alkur'ani tafsirin) wanda tsirar a kan 80 sharhin da daga baya Kur'ani malamai.   
* *Taqweem ul-Lisan*
* *Rabi al-Abrar* 
* Asās al-Balāghah (  ); Kamus na harshen larabci / kamus.   
* *Fasul al-Akhbar* 
* *Fraiz Dar-ilm Fariz* 
* *Fastdar-Nahr* 
* *Muajjam al-Hadud* 
* *Manha Darusul* 
* *Diwan-ul-Tamsil* 
* *Sawaer-ul-Islam* 
* *Muqaddimat al-Adab* (  ); Larabci - kamus na Persia  
* *Kitab al-Amkinah wa al-Jibal wa al-Miyah* (  ); Labarin kasa .
* *Mufaṣṣal Anmuzaj* (  ); akan *naḥw* : Nahawun larabci.  
* *Al-Kalim al-Nawābigh* (  )  (Lat. Fassarar. 'Anthologia sententiarum arabicarum') 

### ''Muqaddimat al-adab'' da yaren Khwaresmian
Al-Zamakhshari na kamus din larabci-Persian, *Muqaddimat al-adab* shi ne tushen farko don bincike da adana wannan lalataccen yare na kasar Kwaresmian (ko Chorasmian) na Iran, wanda ya rayu da farko a cikin dunkulallen haske a cikin rubutun hannu guda (na ca. 596 / 1200).  Sauran rubuce-rubucen wannan aikin su ma suna dauke da sheki.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin masana kimiyyar Iran
* Malaman Musulunci

## Manazarta

Har ila yau:

* Fordham.edu
Robert Doisneau

**Robert Doisneau** (an haifeshi ranar 14 ga watan Afrilu, 1912 a Gentill, Ya mutu 1 ga watan Afrilu, 1994 a Montrouge). Mai daukar hoto ɗan Faransa ne Yana tare da Willy Ronis, Édouard Boubat, Izis, Émile Savitry da Albert Monier ɗaya daga cikin manyan wakilai na yanzu na ɗaukar hoto ɗan adam ɗan Faransa kuma ɗayan mashahuran masu ɗaukar hoto na karni na XX.  

## Manazarta
Abdulkadir Dan Bawa

**Abdulkadir Dan Bawa** shi ne Sarkin Fulani na 8 a jihar à Ilorin. Ya gaji mahaifinsa, Shuaib Bawa a matsayin Sarki a shekara ta 1919. An nada Bawa a matsayin Sarki bisa shawarar mai rikon kwarya na Ilorin, Kenneth Elphinstone. Ya yi sarauta daga shekara ta 1920 zuwa  shekara ta 1959, kuma ya ga yawancin sauye-sauyen tsarin mulki da aka fara bayan kafuwar Najeriya a  shekara ta 1914.

## Rayuwa
An ba da sanarwar shawarar Bawa game da Masarauta ba da daɗewa ba bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a Nuwamban shekara ta 1919, Hugh Clifford ne ya ɗora shi a ƙa'ida a watan Fabrairun shekara. ta 1920. Mulkinsa ya fara ne a lokacin da yake mulkin kai tsaye kuma saboda haka ya kasance shugaban hukumar 'yan asalin Ilorin. Mulkinsa ya yi dai-dai da gina manyan tituna a cikin garin Ilorin, gami da hanyoyin da suka hada masarautar Ilorin zuwa Lafiaji, Jebba da Kogin Neja . 

A  shekara ta 1935, majalisar masarautar Ilorin ta sami rikici wanda zanga-zangar Mogaji Aare, Baloguns da Baba Isale suka fara, wadanda dukkaninsu sarakuna ne masu martaba a garin. Membobin majalisar gargajiyar suna zanga-zangar nuna rashin yarda da ikonsu da wasu masu fada a ji da kuma ma'aikatan Gudanarwar 'Yan Nasa. Manyan shugabannin sun kaurace wa fadar na 'yan watanni har sai da mai mulkin mallaka ya sasanta rikicin. A cikin shekara ta 1956, wani rukuni da sunan Ilorin Talaka Parapo ya zama mashahuri a cikin gwamnatin Hukumar Native. Asali kungiya ce ta siyasa da kuma harkokin kasuwanci wacce wasu 'yan kasuwa ke jagoranta kamar su Sule Maito, dillalin shanu, da Busari Isale Oja, wani dan kasuwa. Kungiyar ta harzuka saboda ganin wuce gona da iri da Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Kasa ta yi, kamar sanya kudin ruwa a garin Ilorin. Bayan rashin amincewar ta daga jagorancin kasa na yankin Arewa wanda ya mamaye NPC, kungiyar ta hada kai da kungiyar Yammacin yankin mai suna Action Group sannan daga baya ta lashe manyan zabuka ga gwamnatin Native Authority a 1956. Kungiyar ta ci gaba da aiwatar da wasu canje-canje a tsarin hukumar, tare da sallamar masu biyayya ga masarautar gargajiya. Koyaya, shawarar da aka yanke don yin tunanin haɗewa tare da yankin Yammaci ya haifar da ƙauracewar membobin da ba Yarbawa ba a cikin ƙungiyar kuma ikon ƙungiyar ya ƙi. 

## Manazarta
Saoi O'Connor

**Saoi O'Connor** (an haife shi a shekara ta 2003) ɗan gwagwarmaya ne na ɗan ƙasar Ireland, wanda ya fara Juma'a don yajin aikin nan gaba a Cork, Ireland a cikin Janairu 2019.

## Karfafawar yanayi
Saoi O'Connor ya fara Juma'a don yajin aikin nan gaba a garin Cork a ranar 11 ga Janairun 2019 a wajen Cork City Hall wanda ke dauke da fosta wanda ke cewa "Sarki Ba shi da Tufafi". O'Connor yayi fitowar su ta farko ta kafofin yada labarai yana da shekaru 3 a matsayin wani bangare na kamfen din cinikayya na adalci a lokacin St Patrick's Day. O'Connor ya bar ilimi na yau da kullun a Skibbereen Community School don ɗaukar karatun gida don ba su damar yin kamfen na cikakken lokaci. A watan Fabrairun 2019, O'Connor ya yi tattaki zuwa Majalisar Tarayyar Turai a Strasbourg don haɗuwa da takwarorinsa 'yan gwagwarmaya game da muhawarar yanayi.

O'Connor yana ɗaya daga cikin wakilai 157 zuwa Majalisar Matasa ta 2019 RTÉ akan Yanayi, kuma ya halarci taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Canjin Yanayi a Madrid a shekarar. A watan Disambar 2019, O'Connor aka ba shi Fitaccen Mutum a bikin karrama Cork Environmental Forum's Awards. A yayin bikin, sun yi tsokaci kan yadda kadan ya canza game da manufar canjin yanayi tun lokacin da suka fara yajin aikin nasu. Jumma'a don kungiyar Cork na gaba, wanda O'Connor memba ne, suma sun sami yabo daga dandalin.

Saboda annobar COVID-19, an dakatar da yajin aikin a-mutum a farkon 2020, amma O'Connor ya sake dawo da su a watan Yulin 2020. A watan Disambar shekarar 2020 O'Connor yana daga cikin rukunin kungiyoyin mata 9 da masu fafutuka marasa binary wadanda suka buga wasika zuwa ga shugabannin duniya kan Labarin Gidauniyar Thomson Reuters, mai taken "Kamar yadda yarjejeniyar Paris kan Canjin Yanayi ta nuna shekaru biyar, aikin gaggawa kan yanayi ana bukatar barazana yanzu". Groupungiyar ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta haɗa da Mitzi Jonelle Tan, Belyndar Rikimani, Leonie Bremer, Laura Muñoz, Fatou Jeng, Disha Ravi, Hilda Flavia Nakabuye da Sofía Hernández Salazar.

O'Connor ya rubuta wata kasida ga Jaridar The Irish Times a watan Janairun 2021 wanda ke yin tunani a kan matsalolin shiryawa don jarabawar Sakandire a lokacin annobar. O'Connor yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka ba da gudummawa ga tarihin, Empty House, wanda Alice Kinsella da Nessa O'Mahony suka shirya kuma sun haɗa da gudummawa daga Rick O'Shea da Paula Meehan. Don Ranar Duniya ta 2021, O'Connor yana ɗaya daga cikin masu shirya Juma'a don taron Ireland na gaba, wanda ya yi kira ga Ministan Ayyuka na Yanayi Eamon Ryan ya ɗauki mataki nan da nan kan canjin yanayi.

## Bayani
Kamfanin Jirgin Saman Skyline a Najeriya

**Skyline** wani kamfanin jirgin sama ne da ke jihar Legas, Najeriya da ke jigilar fasinjoji na cikin gida daga Filin jirgin saman Fatakwal. An kafa shi a watan Maris na shekara ta 1999 kuma ya fara aiki a cikin watan Yunin shekara ta 1999.  kamfanin jirgin sama ya daina wanzuwa a cikin shekara ta 2003.

## Rundunar soja
Jirgin saman Skyline ya ƙunshi jirgin sama 3 canadair dhc 7.

## Manazarta
Isabelle Axelsson

**Isabelle Axelsson** (an haife ta a shekara ta 2000/2001) ba 'yar asalin Sweden ce mai fafutuka daga Stockholm

Axelsson ta kasance mai gwagwarmaya da shirya Juma'a don Gabatar Sweden tun Disamba 2018. A ƙarshen Janairu 2020, ta halarci Taron Tattalin Arziƙi na Duniya a Davos tare da wasu masu gwagwarmayar yanayi, waɗanda suka hada da Greta Thunberg, Luisa Neubauer, Loukina Tille da Vanessa Nakate.

Ita ce mai ba da gudummawa ga wani littafi mai suna "Gemeinsam für die Zukunft - Juma'a Don Gaban und Masana Kimiyya Don Gaba: Vom Stockholmer Schulstreik zur weltweiten Klimabewegung". A cikin littafin, ta ba da gudummawa tare da bayanai daga cikin ranakun Juma'a don Makomar, don ba wa mai karatu hangen nesa daga wani a tsakanin Juma'a don Makoma.

## Manazarta


## Hanyoyin haɗin waje
*
Yakubu Dogara

**Yakubu Dogara** CFR (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga watan Satumban shekara ta alif dari tara da sittin da bakwai 1967). Ya kasan ce ɗan Najeriya kuma ɗan siyasa. Ya kasance lauya yayinda daga bisani ya zama sipika a majalisar tarayyan Najeriya na goma sha hudu (14) daga shekara ta 2015-2019. Da farko Dogara ya kasance ɗan jam'iyyar PDP a matsayin ɗan majalisa mai wakiltar mazaɓar Bogoro/Dass/Tafawa Balewa ta Jihar Bauchi. Daga bisani ya koma jamiyyar All Progressives Congress (APC). 

## Rayuwa
An haifi Dogara daga ahalin  Yakubu Ganawuri da Saratu Yakubu dogara a shekara ta alif 1967,ranar 26 ga watan Disamba.

Ya fara makarantar Firamare aji 6 a Gwarangah primary School a shekara ta alif 1976. A wancan ƙaramar hukumar Tafawa Balewa na jihar Bauchi.

## Karatu
Dogara Yayi Makarantar Firamare Gwarangah Primary School, Tafawa Balewa L.G.A  a jihar Bauchi. A Shekarar 1975. Daga bisani yayi Bauchi Teachers College a Shekarar 1982. Inda ya tafi jamiar Jos, Plateau State, inda ya samu digirinsa na lauya. A shekara ta alif 1992. Daga shekara ta alif 1992 zuwa 1993 yayi makarantar samun shaidan zama lauya a jihar legas.

An kirashi zuwa Bar a shekara ta alif 1993. Inda daga baya yayi mastas dinsa a Robert Gordon University Aberdeen Scotland.

## Manazarta