2021 Arewa maso gabashin Ingila shellfish ya mutu

Mutuwar kifin kifi na Arewa maso gabashin Ingila na 2021 jerin lokuta ne inda aka sami tarin kifi a kan rairayin bakin teku a Durham da Yorkshire Coasts a arewacin Ingila, ko dai sun mutu, ko kuma suna cikin matakai na mutuwa.

Wadannan abubuwan da suka faru sun fara faruwa a watan Oktoba 2021, tare da sake faruwa a watan Fabrairu, da Satumba 2022, tare da damuwa da aka tayar da yawan crabs, lobsters da sauran dabbobin ruwa da aka samu sun mutu. Binciken farko da Ma'aikatar Muhalli, Abinci da Harkokin Karkara (Defra) ta yi ya bayyana cewa babban fure na algae ya kashe rayuwar ruwa. Koyaya, waɗanda ke aiki a masana'antar kamun kifi da masana kimiyya masu zaman kansu, sun yi iƙirarin mutuwar ta haifar da guba ta pyridine, tasirin dredging a cikin Kogin Tees.

Binciken gwamnati na biyu, wanda aka buga a watan Janairun 2023, ya bayyana cewa babu wani algal flower ko pyridine poisoning da zai iya bayyana mutuwar a cikin irin wannan dogon lokaci, yanki mai faɗi da kuma karkatarwa mai ban mamaki a cikin crabs. Masana kimiyya sun kammala cewa cuta, "novel pathogen" ita ce "mafi yawan dalilin mutuwa".

## Abubuwan da suka faru na farko
A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2021 dubban magunguna da lobsters sun wanke a bakin kogin Tees da rairayin bakin teku a arewa maso gabashin Ingila. An fara bayar da rahoton mutuwar ne a Seaton Carew, Redcar da Seaham .  Wadanda ke aiki a masana'antar kamun kifi ta yankin sun lura da raguwar kashi 95% a cikin lobster da crab. Wani mai magana da yawun Hukumar Muhalli ya ce, "An tattara misalai na ruwa, laka, mussel da crab kuma ana aika su zuwa dakunan gwaje-gwaje don nazarin ko abin da ya faru na gurɓata zai iya taimakawa ga mutuwar dabbobi. " Cibiyar Muhalli, Kifi da Kimiyya ta Aquaculture (Cefas) dakunan gwajjoji suma suna gwada crustaceans don alamun cututtuka.  A lokacin raƙuman farko na mutuwar, Hukumar Muhalli ta bayyana cewa "babu wata shaida game da wata alaƙa da ke tattare da dabbobi masu shayarwa da tsuntsayen teku a duk faɗin Burtaniya da yankuna a bakin tekun Arewa".

Ɗaya daga cikin ka'idar cewa sabon kebul na haɗin kai daga Northumberland zuwa Norway ne ke da alhakin ya ƙi shi ta hanyar National Grid, yana cewa an ' binne igiyoyin sosai a cikin teku, an yi su da ƙarfe kuma ba za a iya karya su da namun daji ba.'  An gano filin lantarki da ke cikin igiyoyin wutar lantarki na karkashin ruwa don mesmerise launin ruwan kasa kuma haifar da canje-canje na halitta, kamar canje-canje ga yawan ƙwayoyin jini a cikin jikin 'ya'. Koyaya, a watan Nuwamba na 2021, an cire datti, ayyukan girgizar ƙasa, da igiyoyin karkashin ruwa a matsayin dalilin mutuwar da Hukumar Muhalli ta yi.

An bayar da rahoton mutuwar wasu halittu na ruwa; an dauki hoton wani matattu a kan rairayin bakin teku a Kudancin Gare, kusa da bakin Tees. Har ila yau, an wanke kifin kare da sole. An shawarci jama'a da su guji wuraren rairayin bakin teku da bakin teku da kuma kiyaye dabbobi daga matattu crustaceans. Hukumar Kula da Muhalli, Cibiyar Muhalli, Kifi da Kimiyya ta Aquaculture, Hukumar Kifi da Kula da Tsaro ta Arewa maso Gabas, Hukumar Kula da Ruwa, Majalisar Hartlepool Borough da Majalisar Redcar da Cleveland Borough, duk suna da hannu a binciken dalilin abubuwan da suka faru. A ƙarshen Nuwamba mutuwar crustacean ya bazu har zuwa kudu kamar Robin Hood's Bay kuma yana shafar kamawa a Whitby. Wasu daga cikin crabs da lobsters waɗanda suka wanke a kan rairayin bakin teku suna cikin jihohi daban-daban na mutuwa, tare da halayyar "twitching da lethargic" da aka ruwaito.

Ya zuwa watan Janairun 2022 sama da karnuka 150 sun sha wahala da amai da zawo bayan sun ziyarci rairayin bakin teku a Arewacin Yorkshire. Karnuka sun yi tafiya a kan rairayin bakin teku a Bridlington, Whitby, Robin Hood's Bay, South Gare kusa da Redcar, da Scarborough sun sha wahala. Cibiyar Kula da Dabbobi ta Small Animal (SAVSNET) ta gabatar da ka'idar cewa karnuka na iya yin kwangila da Canine Enteric Coronavirus. An sami tarin shari'o'i a cikin Leeds da Kirklees. Alan Radford, Farfesa na Bayanan Lafiya na Dabbobi a Jami'ar Liverpool, ya ce, "Binciken bayanan lokaci-lokaci da SAVSNET ta tattara daga ayyukan dabbobi ya nuna cewa a Yorkshire, matakan cututtukan sun kasance mafi girma fiye da yadda za mu yi tsammani na makonni uku - saboda haka za mu iya kiran wannan barkewar a Yorkshire. "  Ma'aikatar Abinci da Harkokin Karkara (Defra) ta ce, "Ba mu san wani alaƙa da batun dabbobi masu shuke-shuke da aka wanke a bakin teku a yankin a ƙarshen shekara ta gabata ba".

## Bincike
Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta yi watsi da gurɓataccen sinadarai a matsayin dalilin mutuwar kifi mai yawa. An kuma ki amincewa da hawan ruwa a matsayin dalilin bala'in muhalli. Manajan ayyukan Hukumar Muhalli Sarah Jennings ta ce, "Mun yi amfani da hanyoyin tantancewa na gargajiya da sababbin hanyoyin don nazarin samfurori na ruwa, turɓaya da crab neman alamun gurɓataccen sinadarai. Mun bincika sama da 1,000 masu gurɓata sinadarai amma ba mu sami wani abu da zai iya haifar da wani abu na wannan sikelin ba. "  Kamfanin Cibiyar Ci gaban Tees, waɗanda ke da alhakin hawan Tees, sun bayyana cewa "mun ci gaba da bin duk ka'idojin doka da buƙatun da ake buƙata, gami, gami da lasisi da jagora daga DEFRA da aka bayarwa da yiwuwar fitar da jagora".

Duk da yake umarnin hukuma shi ne cewa dredging ba shine dalilin mutuwar ba, masunta da yawa sun ce sun yi imanin cewa wannan shine tushen dalilin. Defra, wanda ya fara bincike a watan Disamba na 2021, ya bayyana cewa mutuwar ta kasance sakamakon furewar algal, duk da haka, wasu masana kimiyya sun tayar da batun dredging kamar yadda shellfish ke da matakan pyridine. Kungiyar Kifi ta Arewa maso Gabas (NEFC) ta ba da gudummawa ga binciken £ 30,000 da masu bincike a jami'o'in Newcastle, Durham, Hull da York suka gudanar, waɗanda suka kammala cewa matakan pyridine sun haifar da mutuwar jama'a. "Ko da yake har yanzu ba a sake dubawa ba, rahoton farko na binciken ya ce gwaje-gwaje sun gano pyridine, wanda ake amfani dashi azaman maganin rigakafin lalata a cikin kayan aikin ruwa, yana da "mai guba sosai" ga crabs "har ma a ƙananan matakan" kuma ya haifar da twitching da gurguzu kafin mutuwa kamar rahotanni na shaidu da aka yi a lokacin wankewar taro".  Defra ya ki amincewa da da da da ikirarin game da guba na pyridine. Sun kuma bayyana cewa babu wata alaƙa tsakanin mutuwar da duk wani matattu a bakin tekun Arewa maso Gabas.

## Manazarta