Yanayin Kumamoto

Fayil:Statue_of_Hosokawa_Tadatoshi.jpg|Statue of Hosokawa Tadatoshi within Suizen-ji Jōju-en
Fayil:Hidari_mitsudomoe.svg|Mon of Miyamoto Musashi, born in Ōhara-chō province of Mimasaka
**Kumamoto (熊本市,** Kumamoto-) shine babban birnin ƙasar Japan.  Tun daga watan Yuni 1, 2019, birnin yana da ƙiyasin yawan jama'a 738,907 da yawan jama'a 1,893 a kowace km2.  Jimlar yanki shine 390.32 km2.

Babban Kumamoto  yana da yawan mutane 1,461,000, kamar yadda aka ƙidaya a shekara ta 2000. Ya zuwa 2010, Yankin Aiki na Birnin Kumamoto yana da GDP na US $ 39.8 biliyan. Ba a dauke shi wani ɓangare na babban birnin Fukuoka-Kitakyushu ba, duk da iyakar da suka raba. An sanya birnin ne a ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 2012, ta hanyar Dokar gwamnati.

### Ƙarshen zamani

#### Lokacin Shokuhō
Katō Kiyomasa, ɗan zamani na Toyotomi Hideyoshi, an sanya shi *daimyō* na rabin (tsohon) yankin gudanarwa na Figo a cikin 1588. Bayan haka, Kiyomasa ya Gidan Kumamoto Castle . Saboda yawancin sabbin kayayyaki na tsaro, an yi la'akari da Kumamoto Castle wanda ba za a iya shiga ba, kuma Kiyomasa ya ji daɗin suna a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin masu gina gidaje mafi kyau a tarihin Japan.

#### Lokacin Edo
After Kiyomasa died in 1611, his son, Tadahiro, succeeded him. In 1632, Tadahiro was removed by Tokugawa Iemitsu and replaced with the Hosokawa clan. Hosokawa Tadatoshi, the third lord of Kumamoto, was the patron of the artist and swordsman Miyamoto Musashi
Fayil:Statue_of_Hosokawa_Tadatoshi.jpg|Statue of Hosokawa Tadatoshi within Suizen-ji Jōju-en
Fayil:Hidari_mitsudomoe.svg|Mon of Miyamoto Musashi, born in Ōhara-chō province of Mimasaka


### Early modern period

#### Lokacin Meiji
An kafa hukumar gudanarwa ta yanzu ta Birnin Kumamoto a ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 1889.

#### Lokacin Showa
A ranar 1 ga Yuli, 1945, kusa da ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na II, an jefa bam a Kumamoto a wani hari na iska wanda ya lalata murabba'in mil ɗaya, wanda ya kasance 20% na yankin birnin.

### Tarihin zamani
Bayan yaƙin, malamin addinin Buddha na Japan Nichidatsu Fujii ya yanke shawarar gina Peace Pagoda a saman Dutsen Hanaoka a cikin birni don tunawa da duk waɗanda suka ɓace a yaƙi da inganta zaman lafiya. An kaddamar da shi a shekara ta 1954, shi ne na farko na sama da Pagodas na zaman lafiya 80 da Fujii da mabiyansa suka gina a duk faɗin duniya.

#### Lokacin Heisei
A ranar 1 ga Fabrairu, 1991, an haɗa garuruwan Akita, Kawachi, Tenmei, da Hokubu (dukansu daga gundumar Hōtaku) zuwa Kumamoto.  A ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 2008, an haɗa garin Tomiai (daga gundumar Shimomashiki) zuwa Kumamoto.  A ranar 23 ga Maris, 2010, an haɗa garin Jōnan (kuma daga gundumar Shimomashiki) da kuma garin Ueki (daga gundumar Kamoto) zuwa Kumamoto. . 

jerin girgizar ƙasa sun mamaye yankin tun daga ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2016, gami da girgizar kasa mai girman 7.1 da sassafe na Afrilu 16, 2016. 

### Yanayi
Kumamoto yana da yanayi mai sanyin yanayi (Köppen weather classification Cfa) tare da zafi, lokacin zafi da sanyin sanyi.  Ana samun hazo sosai a duk shekara, musamman a watan Yuni da Yuli.  Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara a Kumamoto shine 17.2 ° C (63.0 °F).  Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara shine 2,007.0 mm (79.02 in) tare da Yuni a matsayin watan da ya fi ruwa.  Yanayin zafi ya fi girma akan matsakaita a watan Agusta, a kusan 28.4 °C (83.1 °F), kuma mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin Janairu, a kusan 6.0 °C (42.8 °F).  Mafi girman zafin jiki da aka taɓa samu a Kumamoto shine 38.8 °C (101.8 °F) akan 17 Yuli 1994;  Mafi yawan zafin jiki da aka yi rikodin shine -9.2 °C (15.4 °F) a ranar 11 ga Fabrairu 1929.

### Yankin

#### Wards

; Gundumar Kumamoto

* Gyokuto
* Kashima
* Kikuchi
* Kikuyō
* Kōsa
* Kōshi
* Mashiki
* Mifune
* Tamana
* Uki
* Amfani da shi
* Yamaga

Bisa ga bayanan ƙididdigar Japan, yawan mutanen Kumamoto a cikin 2020 ya kai mutane 738,865.  Kumamoto yana gudanar da ƙididdigar jama'a tun daga 1920.

Kazufumi Ōnishi ya kasance magajin garin tun watan Disamba na shekara ta 2014. 

### Matsalar uwa mai aiki
A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2017, an tilasta wa 'yar siyasar Kumamoto Yuka Ogata barin majalisar birni saboda ta kawo jaririnta. Kafofin yada labarai na duniya sun ruwaito lamarin a matsayin misali na kalubalen da mata ke fuskanta a Japan.

## Sufuri

Filin jirgin saman Kumamoto yana kusa da Mashiki.

#### Jirgin ƙasa mai saurin gudu
A ranar 12 ga watan Maris, 2011, an kammala aikin a kan hanyar sadarwa ta shinkansen (babban jirgin kasa), inda aka kafa hanyar jirgin kasa mai saurin gudu zuwa Tokyo ta hanyar tashar Hakata ta Fukuoka.

; JR Kyushu

* Kyushu Shinkansen: **Tashar Kumamoto** -

Tashar JR Kumamoto tana ba da haɗin jirgin ƙasa zuwa babbar hanyar jirgin ƙasa ta Japan.

; JR Kyushu

* Babban Layin Kagoshima: Tabaruzaka - Ueki - Nishizato - Sōjōdaigakumae - [./Kami-&#x3C;b&#x20;id=]Kumamoto_Station" id="mwAYM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kami-Kumamoto Station">Kami-Kumamoto - Kumamoto - Nishi-Kumamoto-Kawashiri - Tomiai -
* Hōhi Babban Layin: **Kumamoto** - Heisei - Minami-Kumamoto - Suizenji_Station" id="mwAY8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Shin-Suizenji Station">Shin-Suizenji - Suizenji - Tōkai-Gakuen-mae - Tatsutaguchi - Musashizuka - Hikarinomori -

; Jirgin Ruwa na Kumamoto

* Layin Kikuchi: Kami-Kumamoto - Kankanzaka - Tashar Ikeda - Uchigoshi - Tsuboigawa-kōen - Kita-Kumamoto: Kamei - Hakenomiya - Horikawa -
* Layin Fujisaki: Kita-Kumamoto - Kurokamimachi - Fujisakigū-mae

### Hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa
Trams suna gudana zuwa wasu yankuna kusa da tsakiyar gari.

; Ofishin Sufuri na Birnin Kumamoto

### Bus
Babban tashar bas, wanda ake kira Kotsu Center, yana ba da damar zuwa wuraren da ke cikin gida da na gari.

Kamfanonin taksi da yawa na cikin gida suna aiki a yankin Kumamoto kuma su ne kawai sufuri na jama'a na sa'o'i 24 a cikin birni.

### Hanyoyi

* Hanyar Kyushu

#### Hanyoyin Kasa na Japan

* Hanyar Kasa ta Japan 3
* Hanyar Kasa ta Japan 57
* Hanyar Kasa ta Japan 208
* Hanyar Kasa ta Japan 218
* Hanyar Kasa ta Japan 219
* Hanyar Kasa ta Japan 266
* Hanyar Kasa ta Japan 387
* Hanyar Kasa ta Japan 443
* Hanyar Kasa ta Japan 445
* Hanyar Kasa ta Japan 501

### Ruwa na Ruwa

* Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Kumamoto

#### Jirgin ruwa

* Kyusyu Shosen: Kumamoto - Shimabara
* Kumamoto-Ferry: Kumamoto - Shimabara
* Jirgin Ruwa na Koriya: Kumamoto - Busan

## Ilimi

### Jami'o'i

* Jami'ar Kumamoto Gakuen
* Jami'ar Kumamoto
* Kwalejin Lutheran ta Kyūshū
* Jami'ar Kumamoto ta Prefectural
* Kwalejin Shokei
* Jami'ar Shokei Gakuin
* Jami'ar Sojo
* Jami'ar Tokai

### Gidan Kumamoto

Shahararriyar alamar birnin ita ce Gidan Kumamoto, wani babban katafaren gidan Jafananci wanda ya taɓa samun ingantaccen tsaro.  Donjon (kasuwar ta tsakiya) wani gini ne na kankare da aka gina a cikin shekarun 1970, amma gine-ginen katako da yawa daga ginin ginin ya rage.  An kai harin ne a lokacin Tawayen Satsuma kuma aka kori tare da kona shi bayan wani kewaye na kwanaki 53.  A wannan lokacin ne al’adar cin basashi (naman danyen doki) ta samo asali.  Basashi ya kasance sananne a cikin Kumamoto kuma, a ɗan ƙarami, a wasu wurare a Japan, kodayake a kwanakin nan ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin abinci mai daɗi.

A cikin ganuwar waje na Kumamoto Castle shine Hosokawa Gyobu-tei, tsohon gidan Higo *daimyō*. Wannan gidan katako na gargajiya yana da kyakkyawan lambu na Jafananci wanda ke kan filayensa.

### Shafukan addini
Na farko daga cikin pagodas na zaman lafiya da yawa a duniya an gina shi ne ta hanyar malamin addinin Buddha na Japan Nichidatsu Fujii a saman Dutsen Hanaoka tun farkon shekara ta 1947.  An kaddamar da shi a shekara ta 1954, shi ne na farko na sama da 80 da Fujii da mabiyansa suka gina a duk duniya.

Kumamoto kuma shine wurin Takahashi Inari Shrine da Fujisaki Hachimangū .

Kumamoto gida ne ga Suizen-ji Jōju-en, wani babban lambun lambun da ke makwabtaka da Temple Suizenji kusan kilomita 3 kudu maso gabashin Kumamoto Castle.  Suizenji Park kuma gida ne a filin wasa na Suizenji Municipal, inda kungiyar kwallon kafa ta birnin, Roasso Kumamoto, ke buga wasa akai-akai.  Kungiyar yanzu tana amfani da babban filin wasa na KKWing a Higashi Ward.

Miyamoto Musashi ya rayu ƙarshen rayuwarsa a Kumamoto . Kabarinsa da kogon da ya zauna a cikin shekarunsa na ƙarshe (wanda aka sani da Reigandō, ko " kogon dutse na ruhu") suna kusa da shi. Ya rubuta sanannen Go Rin no Sho (*Littafin Zobba biyar*) yayin da yake zaune a nan.

Yankin cikin gari yana da gundumar kasuwanci wacce ta ke kan guraren siyayya biyu, Shimotori da Kamitori, waɗanda ke fadada shingen birni da yawa.  Babban shagunan sashe suna nan tare da ɗimbin ɗimbin ƙananan dillalai, gidajen abinci, da mashaya.  Ana gudanar da bukukuwan gida da yawa a cikin ko kuma kusa da guraren guraren.

Wuraren al'adu sun haɗa da Gidan Tarihi na Kumamoto da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Kumamoto.

## Al'adu

### Wasanni

; Kwallon Baseball

* Hinokuni Salamanders na kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Kyusyu Asia League suna zaune ne a Kumamoto .

; Kwallon ƙafa

* Roasso Kumamoto a J.League ita ce kulob din kwallon kafa na gida.

; Kwallon kwando

* Kumamoto Volters na kwando na B.League suna zaune ne a Kumamoto.

; Kwallon volleyball

* Forest Leaves Kumamoto na Volleyball V.League (V2) suna zaune ne a Kumamoto.

Fayil:Fujisakidai_Baseball_Stadium_Kumamoto.jpg|Kumamoto Fujisakidai Baseball Stadium
Fayil:Kumamoto_kkw.JPG|Egao Kenko Stadium
Fayil:Kumamoto-pref_synthesis_gymnasium_1.jpg|Kumamoto Prefectural Gymnasium
Fayil:Kumamoto-city_synthesis_gymnasium_1.jpg|Kumamoto City Synthesis Gymnasium


#### Abubuwan wasanni
Kumamoto Castle Marathon wani taron shekara-shekara ne a Birnin Kumamoto . An kafa shi ne don tunawa da Kumamoto ya zama birni da aka tsara a shekarar 2012.  Har ila yau, birnin ya dauki bakuncin Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Maza ta 1997 da Gasar Cin kofin Duniya ta Mata ta 2019.

## Biranen 'yan uwa
Kumamoto yana da tagwaye tare da biranen da ke biyowa.

* Billings, Montana, Amurka
* Bristol, Ingila, Ingila
* Guilin, Guangxi, Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin
* Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Jamus, tun 1992 
* Montana" id="mwAqM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Helena, Montana">Helena, Montana, Amurka
* Roma, Jojiya, Amurka, tun 1995
* San Antonio, Texas, Amurka, tun 1987 
* Ulsan, Koriya ta Kudu, tun 2010
* Kaohsiung, Taiwan, tun daga 2017 

## Shahararrun mutane
 

* Mai son, mawaƙa da mawaƙa.
* Naoichi da Mutsue Inomoto Fujimori, iyayen Alberto Fujimori, Shugaban Peru na 54.
* Yuki Fukushima, ɗan wasan badminton na Japan.
* Lafcadio Hearn, marubuci, ya zauna a Kumamoto na tsawon shekaru uku, daga 1891.
* Higonoumi Naoya, mai kokawa na sumo.
* Sayaka Hirota, ɗan wasan badminton na Japan.
* Inoue Kowashi, ɗan siyasa.
* Sayuri Ishikawa, mawaƙin enka
* Yuta Iwasada, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Japan.
* Masahiko Kimura, judoka.
* Kobato Miku, mawaƙi, mai ba da guitar, mawaƙi kuma mai kirkirar ƙungiyar rock BAND-MAID .
* Noriko Kubo, yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Japan.
* Rie Kugimiya, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo.
* Yuri Masuda, mai ba da murya daga ƙungiyar m.o.v.e.
* Musashi Miyamoto, sanannen mai takobi, ya rayu kuma ya mutu a Kumamoto, 1645.
* Yuna Mizumori, ƙwararren mai kokawa
* Chisato Moritaka, mawaƙa da mawaƙa.
* Munetaka Murakami, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa
* Eiichiro Oda, mai zane-zane na manga, marubucin One Piece . 
* Akari Ogata, judo.
* Yōko Shimada, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo.
* Go Shiozaki, ƙwararren mai kokawa na Japan, a halin yanzu ya sanya hannu ga gabatarwar Pro Wrestling Noah da Shugaban Ƙungiyar Masu Wrestlers ta Noah . 
* Shōdai Naoya, mai kokawa na sumo.
* Soseki Natsume, marubuci, ya zauna a Kumamoto, 1896-1900.
* Tochihikari Masayuki, mai kokawa na sumo.
* Momoko Ueda, ƙwararren ɗan wasan golf.
* Tadako Urata, likitan ido
* Sean Michael Wilson, marubucin manga na Scotland, wanda ke zaune a Kumamoto tun shekara ta 2004, littattafansa galibi game da birnin ne.
* Kaji Yajima, malami, mai zaman lafiya, shugaban WCTU a Japan.
* Yokoi Shōnan, masanin kimiyya kuma mai gyara siyasa.
* Seiki Yoshioka, Kwararren mai kokawa na Japan
* Isao Yukisada, darektan fim.