Albert Bates

**Albert Kealiinui Bates** (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1947) memba ne na ƙungiyoyin al'umma da ƙungiyoyin Ecovillage. Lauyan lauya, marubuci kuma malami, ya kasance darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Fasaha ta Duniya  tun daga 1984 da Cibiyar Horar da Ecovillage a The Farm a Summertown, Tennessee, tun daga 1994.

Bates ya kasance mazaunin The Farm tun shekara ta 1972. Tsohon lauya, ya yi jayayya da shari'o'in muhalli da na kare hakkin bil'adama a gaban Kotun Koli ta Amurka kuma ya tsara Dokokin majalisa da yawa a lokacin aikin lauya na shekaru 26. Mai riƙe da takardun shaida da yawa, Bates ya kirkiro jerin photovoltaic da mota mai amfani da hasken rana da aka nuna a baje kolin duniya na 1982. Ya yi aiki a kwamitin gudanarwa na Plenty International na tsawon shekaru 18, yana mai da hankali kan aikin taimako da ci gaba tare da 'yan asalin ƙasar, haƙƙin ɗan adam da muhalli. Wani likitan likita na gaggawa (EMT), ya kasance memba ne na kafa The Farm Ambulance Service . Ya kuma kasance mai lasisi mai ba da lasisi ga Amateur Radio.

## Rayuwa da aiki

Bates ya fara zama sananne a cikin shekara ta 1978 lokacin da ya kai karar rufe dukkan tsarin man fetur na nukiliya na Amurka daga ma'adinai zuwa wuraren ajiyar sharar gida. Shari'ar, wacce ta tafi Kotun Koli ta Amurka sau hudu kuma daga baya aka bayyana ta a cikin wani labarin bita na doka  da littattafai biyu, ba ta yi nasara ba amma ta tayar da tambayoyi masu wahala game da tasirin kiwon lafiya na makamashi na nukiliya da kuma tasirin ɗabi'a - da kuma tasirin 'yanci na jama'a - na rawar da tarayya ke takawa wajen inganta tura wutar lantarki yayin da yake aiki sosai da kuma ɓoye tasirin lafiyar jama'a.

Bates ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin motsi na ecovillage a matsayin daya daga cikin masu shirya Global Ecovillage Network (GEN), kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban GEN na kwamitin (daga 2002 zuwa 2003) da kuma shugaban (daga 2003 zuwa 2004). Ya kuma kasance babban mai shirya Cibiyar Ecovillage ta Amurka kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugabanta (daga 1996 zuwa 2003). A shekara ta 1994 ya kafa Cibiyar Horar da Ecovillage, "dukkanin kwarewar nutsewa na rayuwa ta ecovillage".  Ya koyar da darussan a cikin ƙira mai ɗorewa, gine-gine na halitta, permaculture da fasahar nan gaba ga ɗalibai daga kasashe sama da 50.

Bates's Climate in Crisis (1990) shi ne littafi na farko da aka buga a yanar gizo (takarda mai rufi) ta amfani da samfurin da aka sake amfani da shi 100% ba tare da cire laka ko tawada ba. Tun daga wannan lokacin, yana dasa gandun daji mai zaman kansa don hana carbon dioxide da kuma hayakin gas mai guba daga tafiye-tafiye, kasuwanci da ayyukan kansa. A kadada 40 a karkashin gauraye-age, gauraye-species, gudanar da yanayi-resilient, da farko ana sarrafa shi don ayyukan muhalli, wannan gandun daji yanzu a kowace shekara yana shuka kansa yayin da yake fadada.

## Kyaututtuka
A cikin 1980, Bates ya raba cikin lambar yabo ta farko ta Right Livelihood Award a matsayin wani ɓangare na kwamitin zartarwa na Plenty International . A shekara ta 2012, ya sami lambar yabo ta Gaia daga Gaia Trust na Denmark saboda kokarin da ya yi na inganta yunkurin ecovillage. An ba shi suna 2024 EcoHero of the Year ta ƙungiyar California Permaculture.

## Ayyukan da aka buga
Bates marubucin littattafai ne da yawa game da doka, makamashi, tarihi da muhalli, gami da:

## Manazarta