open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Jean Kapata

**Jean Kapata** (an haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Disamba 1960) 'yar siyasa ce ta ƙasar Zambia kuma tsohuwar Ministar Ƙasa da Albarkatun Ƙasa. 

## Aiki
Kapata ta yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya  kafin a zaɓe ta don wakiltar mazaɓar Mandevu a zaɓen shekara ta 2006 na ƙungiyar Patriotic Front. An sake zaɓen ta a shekarar 2011 da 2016.  

Kapata ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Ministan Ci gaban Al'umma, Lafiyar Iyaye da Yara. A ranar 2 ga watan Oktoba, 2009, an kama ta tare da wasu 'yan majalisar Patriotic Front guda tara bayan sun yi zanga-zangar neman a wanke tsohon shugaban ƙasa Frederick Chiluba da babbar ƙara da busa mota. An sake su a ranar 7 ga watan Oktoba. 

A shekarar 2014, Shugaba Michael Sata ya naɗa Kapata a matsayin Ministar Yawon Buɗe Ido da Fasaha.  A ƙarƙashin mulkinta, an ɗage haramcin farautar manyan kuliyoyi a Zambia.   Dangane da martanin da kafofin watsa labarai na duniya suka mayar game da kisan Cecil zaki a Zimbabwe maƙwabcin, Kapata ya ce, "Yammaci sun fi damuwa da jin daɗin zaki a Zimbabwe fiye da na 'yan Afirka da kansu."  

Kapata ta kasance memba a tawagar Zambia a zaman Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya na 60 na Kwamitin Matsayin Mata a watan Maris a 2016.  Kafin zaɓen watan Agusta na 2016, Kapata ta fuskanci barazanar kisa kuma wasu mutane ɗauke da makamai sun kai wa direbanta hari suna neman sanin inda take.  'Yar takarar MMD a mazaɓarta, Mary Phiri, ta zargi Kapata da aika mutane su kai wa tawagar yakin neman zaɓenta hari.  A ranar 27 ga watan Satumba, 2016, ta zama Ministar Kasa, Albarkatun Kasa da Kare Muhalli.  Ita ce kuma Shugabar Zaɓe ta Jam'iyyar Patriotic Front.  

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Kapata tana da aure kuma uwa ce kuma kaka.  A shekarar 2013, Uwargidan Shugaban Ƙasa  Christine Kaseba ce ta jagoranci ɗaurin auren 'yar Kapata. 

## Manazarta
Rita Aragon

**LaRita A. "Rita" Aragon** (an haife ta a ranar 3 ga Disamba, 1947) tsohuwar janar ce mai ritaya daga rundunar sojojin sama ta Amurka mai taurari biyu wacce ta yi aiki kwanan nan a matsayin Sakataren Harkokin Tsoffin Sojoji na 4 a Oklahoma . Matsayinta na ƙarshe na aikin soja shine mataimakiyar rundunar sojojin sama ga Mataimakin Babban Hafsan Sojoji da Ma'aikata. Ta yi ritaya a shekarar 2006.

Aragon ita ce mace ta farko da ta riƙe mukamin Sakatare na VA. A matsayinta na sakatare, Aragon tana aiki a matsayin babbar mai ba Gwamna Mary Fallin shawara kan al'amura da suka shafi manufofi da ayyukan Ma'aikatar Harkokin Tsoffin Sojoji ta Oklahoma .

## Aikin soja
Rita Aragon ta sami digirinta na farko a fannin ilimi daga Kwalejin Jihar Tsakiya da ke Edmond, Oklahoma, a shekarar 1970. Ta kuma sami digiri na biyu a fannin jagoranci da ba da shawara daga wannan cibiyar a shekarar 1979.

Aragon ta shiga rundunar sojojin sama ta Oklahoma a ranar 9 ga Satumba, 1979, a matsayin ma'aikacin jirgin sama a rundunar sojojin sama ta 219 da ke aiki a Oklahoma City, Oklahoma . Ta sami aikinta ta hanyar Kwalejin Kimiyyar Soja da ke Knoxville, Tennessee, a watan Oktoba na 1981. Ta koma rundunar sojojin sama ta 219 a matsayin jami'in gudanarwa. A watan Fabrairu na 1989, Kyaftin Aragon ta zama kwamanda mace ta farko a tarihin rundunar sojojin sama ta Oklahoma lokacin da ta karbi ragamar jagorancin rundunar sojojin sama ta 137 a sansanin sojojin sama na Will Rogers World . Ta zama mace ta farko da ta rike mukamin birgediya janar a tarihin rundunar sojojin sama ta Amurka a matsayin kwamanda kuma mataimakiyar janar na rundunar sojojin sama ta Oklahoma a watan Maris na 2003. A matsayinta na mataimakiyar janar na rundunar sojin sama, Janar Aragon ya ba da rahoton cewa an tura ta ga Janar na Oklahoma .

A lokacin da take aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar janar mai kula da harkokin kuɗi, an naɗa Janar Aragon a matsayin mataimakiyar rundunar sojin sama ta ƙasa ga Mataimakin Sakataren rundunar sojin sama kan harkokin kuɗi da kuma mai kula da harkokin kuɗi . Ta yi aiki a wannan matsayi daga 2003 zuwa 2005. A shekarar 2006, an naɗa Janar Aragon a matsayin mataimakiyar rundunar sojin sama ta ƙasa ga Mataimakin Babban Hafsan Hafsoshin Sojojin Sama . A wannan matsayin, Janar Aragon ya kula da manufofi da tsare-tsare da suka shafi dukkan sassan kula da sojoji da fararen hula na rundunar sojin sama.

## Manazarta
Sandy Adams

**Sandra Adams**  (an haife ta a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 1956) 'yar siyasa ce kuma tsohuwar rundunar sojojin sama ta Amurka wadda ta yi aiki a matsayin wakilin Amurka a Florida's 24th congressional district daga 2011 zuwa 2013. 'Yar jam'iyyar Republican ce, ta taba yin aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Florida daga 2002 zuwa 2010. A shekarar 2012, an kayar da ita a takararta ta sake tsayawa takara bayan an sake mayar da ita gunduma ta 7 .

## Rayuwar farko, ilimi da aiki
An haifi Adams a Wyandotte, Michigan a shekarar 1956, ta koma Florida a shekarar 1964. Ta yi aiki a rundunar sojin sama ta Amurka . A shekarar 1985 ta zama mai bincike a ofishin 'yan sanda na Orange County . A cikin shekaru biyu da suka biyo baya, Adams ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Wakilan Majalisar Dokoki ta Orange County kuma a halin yanzu ita ce Shugabar Wakilan Majalisar Dokoki ta Seminole County. A shekarar 2000, ta kammala karatun digiri a Kwalejin Columbia da digirin farko a fannin Gudanar da Shari'a.

## Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Florida

An fara zaɓen Adams a Majalisar Florida a shekarar 2002. A cikin shekaru biyu na farko, ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Wakilan Majalisar Dokoki ta Gundumar Seminole. Adams ita ce Shugabar Kwamitin Rage Kuɗaɗen Shari'a da Laifuka, Mataimakin Shugabar Majalisar Manufofin Shari'a/Laifuka, Mataimakin Shugabar Kwamitin Manufofin Tsaron Jama'a/Tsaron Gida, kuma Mataimakiyar Shugabar Kwamitin Zaɓaɓɓu kan Bitar Yarjejeniyar Amincewa 

## Majalisar Wakilan Amurka

### Zaɓe

; 2010

Adams ta ƙalubalanci Suzanne Kosmas, 'yar Democrat mai ci a yanzu, a matsayin Florida's 24th congressional district . Ta shigar da takardu don tsayawa takara a 2009. [1] Ta kayar da Karen Diebel, Tom Garcia, Deon Long da Craig S. Miller a zaɓen fidda gwani na jam'iyyar Republican. Tsohuwar Gwamnan Alaska kuma 'yar takarar mataimakiyar shugaban ƙasa a 2008 Sarah Palin ta goyi bayanta. A ranar zaɓe, Adams ya kayar da Kosmas, kashi 60%–40%.

## Manazarta
Zuwan Evans

**Venida Evans** ' yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta talabijin, fina-finai, dandamali da kuma kasuwanci a Amurka. Wataƙila an fi sanin Evans ga masu kallo saboda rawar da ta taka a matsayin " The Muse " a cikin jerin tallace-tallacen talabijin na IKEA a Amurka tun daga shekarar 2008.  

## Rayuwa ta sirri
An haifi Evans a Ypsilanti, Michigan, amma ya girma a Detroit .  Mahaifinta (wanda aka haifa a ranar 10 ga Afrilu, 1912) yana da shekaru 97 a watan Afrilun 2009, yayin da mahaifiyarta ta rasu. 

Evans ta kammala karatunta daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Kudu maso Yamma a Detroit.  Daga baya ta halarci Jami'ar Fisk da ke Nashville, Tennessee .  Evans ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin memba na Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Amurka . 

## Sana'a
Evans ta ƙaura daga garinsu na Detroit zuwa birnin New York a shekarar 1972 don ci gaba da aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo . [1] Ta ɗauki aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da wasan kwaikwayo a Broadway a matsayin "aikin tsira" don biyan kuɗinta yayin da take ci gaba da aikin wasan kwaikwayo a lokaci guda. [1] Evans ta ci gaba da aikinta har zuwa 1999, lokacin da ta fara aikin fim na cikakken lokaci. [1] A cikin wata hira da ta yi da The Detroit News a shekarar 2009, Evans ta bayyana cewa za ta koma aikinta na baya idan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo ya tsaya tana cewa, "Har yanzu na san yadda ake cewa 'Sau biyar a sama da kujeru shida a sama." [1]

Fina-finan Evans na baya-bayan nan sun haɗa da ƙaramin rawar da ta taka a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya a fim ɗin 1981, *Only When I Laugh* . Ta kuma fito a fim ɗin Merchant Ivory Productions na 1998, *Side Streets* da kuma a cikin shirye-shirye da dama na shirin NBC mai suna *Law &amp;amp; Order* and *Law &amp;amp; Order: Special Victims Unit* . Sauran fina-finan talabijin sun haɗa da *Third Watch* da *New York Undercover* .

### Aikin da aka yi kwanan nan
Venida Evans ta fara bayyana a jerin tallace-tallacen IKEA tun daga shekarar 2008 a matsayin wata tsohuwa da ba a iya gani, wacce aka fi sani da "The Muse."  Deutsch New York, kamfanin talla wanda ke da alhakin tallace-tallacen IKEA a Amurka ne ya ƙirƙiri tallace-tallacen.  Yayin da wasu masu kallon talabijin suka yi tunanin cewa Evans fatalwa ce a cikin kamfen ɗin tallan IKEA, shugabannin zartarwa a Deutsch New York sun yi tunanin halinta a matsayin " tauraro ."  Peter Nicholson, babban jami'in kirkire-kirkire na Deutsch New York, ya bayyana ra'ayin tauraro wanda Evans ke takawa a cikin tallace-tallacen yana cewa, "Ita ce muryar hankali da goyon baya da kuma sanin dalilin da yasa ka sayi kayan Ikea mai kyau. Tana da wannan ingancin Mary Poppins a gare ni." 

Masu suka da masu kallo sun lura da Evans da kamfen ɗin tallan IKEA. An kwatanta tallace-tallacen a hanyoyi daban-daban a matsayin " abin mamaki " da "abin tsoro."  Marubuciyar *labarai ta Philadelphia Daily News* Ellen Gray ta kwatanta "Muse" na Evans na IKEA da "Muse" na Bruce Willis a cikin *The Sixth Sense* .  Evans ta ce ba ta yi niyyar halinta a cikin tallace-tallacen ya zama abin tsoro ba. 

## Manazarta
Elizabeth Jacobson

**Elizabeth Nicole** " **Liz** " **Jacobson** (26 ga Maris, 1984) Satumba 28, 2005) ta kasance ma'aikacin jirgin saman Amurka wanda aka kashe a fagen daga a yakin Iraki a 2005. Ta kasance mamba a cikin Rundunar Tsaron Sojojin Sama ta Amurka, ita ce ma'aikaciyar jirgin saman Amurka ta farko da aka kashe a bakin aiki don tallafawa Operation Iraqi Freedom kuma ma'aikaciyar tsaron rundunar sojin sama ta farko da aka kashe a rikicin tun bayan yakin Vietnam . 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Jacobson kuma ta girma a Florida.  Ta zauna a yankin Riviera Beach kuma ta halarci makarantun sakandare na Palm Beach Gardens da Gold Coast.  Elizabeth ta zauna tare da iyayenta, David M Jacobson da Marianne Earhart, a California har sai da ta kai shekara 15 lokacin da ta koma ta zauna tare da kakanninta, Cos Cosimano da Sondra Millman, Riviera Beach, Florida sannan ta shiga Rundunar Sojan Sama.

## Sana'a

Jacobson ta shiga aikin soja a shekarar 2003, kuma ya kammala horon sojoji da na tsaro na asali a Texas a shekarar 2004.

A ranar 28 ga Satumba, 2005, yayin da Jacobson ke tsaron ayarin motocin da suka fito daga sansanin Bucca, Iraq, motar da take ciki ta buge da wani abu mai fashewa kusa da garin Safwan na Iraqi. Fashewar ta kashe ta da sajent Steve Morin Jr., mai shekaru 34, daga Arlington, Texas . [1] Soja na uku wanda ke kula da makamin hasumiyar motar ya ji rauni amma ya tsira daga harin.

A lokacin mutuwarta, an tura ta cikin rundunar tsaro ta 17  a sansanin sojojin sama na Goodfellow, Texas  kuma aka tura ta zuwa Iraki a matsayin wani ɓangare na rundunar tsaro ta 586 ta sojojin sama. Jacobson ya kasance cikin rundunar sojin sama na tsawon shekaru biyu kuma an tura shi zuwa Iraki fiye da watanni uku.

An binne Jacobson a Lambunan Tunawa da Lawn na Forest da ke Pompano Beach, Florida . 

## Manazarta
Jane Straughan

**Jane Sincell Straughan** (Agusta 24, 1913 - Maris 12, 2007) ta kasance matukin jirgin sama 'yar Amurka da aka sani da gudummawarta a matsayin Matan Jirgin Sama daga 1942 zuwa 1944. Ta ci gaba da kasancewa mai himma a fannin sufurin jiragen sama a tsawon rayuwarta, tana aiki a Hukumar Kula da Jiragen Sama ta Farar Hula da kuma zama kyaftin a Rundunar Sojojin Sama.

## Yaro
An haifi Jane Sincell Straughan a ranar 24 ga Agusta, 1913, a Washington, DC. Ita ce 'yar Charles William Sincell da Wilhelmina Sincell. 

Lokacin da take da shekaru biyu, mahaifiyar Straughan ta rasu, kuma aka bar Charles William Sincell ya kula da iyalin, wanda ya haɗa da ita da 'yan'uwanta maza biyu. Duk yarintarta ta yi a Washington, DC. Sha'awarta ta tashi sama ta taso ne bayan ta yi soyayya da mijinta na gaba, Al Straughan, amma banda mijinta, ta ce, "Iyalin sun yi tunanin na ɗan haukace. Ba su yi tunanin cewa kyakkyawan ra'ayi ba ne." 

## Ilimi
Straughan ta kammala karatunta a Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya, kuma tana cikin shekarunta na ashirin lokacin da ta koyi tukin jirginta na farko a Filin Jirgin Sama na Queen's Chapel da ke Hyattsville, Maryland.  Daga nan Straughan ta sami lasisin tukin jirgin sama a shekarar 1938, daga baya ta shiga ƙungiyar mata masu tashi a Washington, DC, wanda aka sani da Ninety-Nines. A shekarar 1942, an nemi Straughan da membobin Ninety-Nines su shiga ajin Mata Masu Aikin Sojan Sama (WASP) na 43-W-1 a Houston, Texas.  Bayan kammala karatun da aka tsara, Straughan ta kammala karatunta daga wannan ajin a ranar 24 ga Afrilu, 1943. Daga nan aka tura ta zuwa sansanin sojin sama na farko, New Castle Army Air da ke Wilmington, Delaware inda ta zauna har sai da aka kashe WASP a ranar 20 ga Disamba, 1944. 

## Aure da iyali
Sha'awar Jane Straughan game da tashi da jirgin sama ta fara ne lokacin da ta fara soyayya da mijinta na gaba, Alfred W. Straughan. Sun yi soyayya a lokacin Babban Mawuyacin Halin Kunci kuma a ranar 12 ga Yuni, 1937, sun yi aure. Tunda soyayyarsu da aurensu sun kasance ne a lokacin Matsalar Kunci, dole ne su yanke shawara kan nawa za su kashe wajen koyon tashi da jirgin sama. Dole ne Straughans su yanke shawara. "Babu ɗayanmu da zai iya tashi da jirgin sama. Ina so in adana kuɗi don ƙaramin gida. Mun yi yarjejeniya. Zan yi tafiya ni kaɗai kuma idan ban son tashi da jirgin sama ba, za mu sayi gida. Na yi tafiya ni kaɗai a 1938, kuma muka sayi Cub." Straughan da mijinta suna da 'ya'ya maza tagwaye, John W. "Jack" Straughan da Charles W. "Bill" Straughan.

## Manazarta
Tonya Anderson

**Tonya Peterson Anderson** (an haife ta a ranar 16 ga Yuli, 1969) fasto ce kuma 'yar siyasa 'yar Amurka wacce ke aiki a Majalisar Dattawan Jihar Georgia . Ta taba yin aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Georgia, daga 2013 zuwa 2015. Ita 'yar jam'iyyar Democrat ce.

Ta sami digirin farko a fannin kimiyya, gudanar da kasuwanci da kuma gudanarwa daga Jami'ar Jihar Alabama a shekarar 1992 da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin Allahntaka daga Kwalejin Luther Rice da Seminary a shekarar 2008. 

Anderson ta kasance 'yar takarar Gundumar 43 ta Majalisar Dattawan Jihar Georgia a zaben 2016. Ta ci gaba zuwa zaɓen zagaye na biyu da Dee Dawkins-Haigler . Anderson ya jagoranci Dawkins-Haigler a ƙidayar ƙuri'u a hukumance da 0.12&nbsp;Kashi (kuri'u 4,276 zuwa kuri'u 4,266), wanda hakan ya sa Sakataren Harkokin Wajen Georgia Brian Kemp ya ba da umarnin a sake kidaya kuri'u .  Kidaya kuri'u ya tabbatar da nasarar Anderson a kan Dawkins-Haigler da kuri'u 10. 

Anderson ta kayar da shugabar jam'iyyar Republican Janice Frey Van Ness . Matan biyu sun fafata a zagaye na biyu na zaben Disamba 2015, wanda ya haifar da nasara mai tsauri ga Van Ness. An rantsar da Anderson a Majalisar Dattawan Jiha a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 2017. Kafin ya yi aiki a majalisar dokoki, Anderson ya yi aiki a matsayin magajin garin Lithonia . Anderson ya yi aiki a Rundunar Sojojin Sama . [1] Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Kwamitin Majalisar Dokoki ta Mata ta Georgia. [2]

## Manazarta
Therese Slone-Baker

**Therese Mary Slone-Baker** ( née **Slone** ; 11 ga Oktoba, 1917 - 10 ga Fabrairu, 2013) jami'in rundunar sojin saman Amurka ce .

## Sabis na soja
Slone, wacce ta fito daga zuriyar farko ta Amurka, ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatare, a Hukumar Tsaron Jama'a da Hukumar Kula da Jiragen Ruwa ta Amurka, kafin ta shiga Rundunar Sojojin Mata a watannin da ke raguwa na Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu . A cikin Rundunar Soja, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Manton S. Eddy, ta ƙirƙiro shirye-shiryen ɗaukar ma'aikata tare da haɗin gwiwar Rundunar Sojojin Amurka . 

## Shekarun tsakanin hidima
Bayan ta fita daga aikin soja a shekarar 1946 a matsayin sajent na fasaha, ta shafe shekaru marasa daɗi a matsayin farar hula kafin ta koma aikin soja.  A shekarar 1951,  ta sami kwamiti kai tsaye a matsayin laftanar na biyu a rundunar sojin saman Amurka . 

Tsakanin 1953 da 1956, ta yi aiki a matsayin farar hula a sansanin sojojin sama na Edwards . 

## Sabis na Rundunar Sojan Sama
An tuna ta da aikinta a shekarar 1956,  ta fara aikinta na Sojan Sama a matsayin mai daukar ma'aikata ga Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Mata ; tana daukar ma'aikata a harabar jami'o'i a duk fadin Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Louisiana, da New Mexico.  Ta kuma yi aiki a Jamus bayan yakin duniya na biyu  da kuma a sansanin sojojin sama na Lackland . 

A matsayin kyaftin a shekarar 1960, ta ci gaba da aikinta na daukar ma'aikata a Ohio, tana tsara sabbin hanyoyi don jawo hankalin ƙarin ma'aikata. 

A watan Yunin 1966, bayan rangadin ƙasashen waje a sansanin sojojin sama na Ramstein, an ƙara mata matsayi zuwa babbar jami'a . 

Ta yi ritaya daga rundunar sojin sama a shekarar 1972, a matsayin Laftanar Kanar . 

## Shekarun da suka biyo baya
A watan Agusta na 1975, Slone ta auri Thomas Baker, ta haka ta zama Slone-Baker;  a cikin kalamanta, "Ban yi aure ba sai bayan na yi ritaya saboda burina shine samar wa kaina tsaro kuma kada in dogara ga wani. Ni mai taurin kai ne haka." 

A shekarun 1980 da 1990, Slone-Baker ta fara himma wajen tallata tunawa da tsoffin sojoji mata a rundunar sojin Amurka . Musamman ma, ta yi kira ga Mata a cikin Rundunar Soja don Tunawa da Amurka ; [1] ta hanyar tunatar da tsoffin sojoji mata su yi rijista don bikin tunawa. Ta lura cewa a wasu lokutan mata kan yi wahala a bi diddiginsu bayan sun bar aikin saboda canjin suna, saboda aure, don haka yin rijistar kansu yana da mahimmanci. [2]

Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar mata ta ayyukan ƙasashen waje . 

Daga ƙarshe ya zauna a San Antonio, Slone-Baker ya mutu a can a watan Fabrairun 2013. 

## Manazarta
Claire D. jiya

**Claire D. Ayer** (an haife ta a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 1948)  tsohon ɗan Democrat ne a Majalisar Dattawan Jihar Vermont, yana wakiltar Gundumar Majalisar Dattawa ta Addison mai mambobi biyu.

An fara zaɓen Claire D. Ayer a Majalisar Dattawan Jihar Vermont a shekarar 2002, kuma an sake zaɓenta a shekarar 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014 da 2016. Ayer ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar rinjaye a Majalisar Dattawan Vermont, kuma a baya ta yi aiki a matsayin mai tsawatarwa a rinjaye .  Ita ce kuma shugabar Kwamitin Lafiya da Jin Daɗi na Majalisar Dattawa a halin yanzu.  Ba ta sake tsayawa takara a shekarar 2018 ba, kuma Ruth Hardy ta gaje ta.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Ayer a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 1948, a Quincy, Massachusetts, kuma ta yi yarinta a Charlotte, Vermont . [ an buƙata ambato ] Bayan ta kammala karatun sakandare a Makarantar Sakandare ta Champlain Valley Union da ke Hinesburg, ta halarci Makarantar Koyon Aikin Jinya ta Jeanne Mance da ke Burlington, inda ta zama ma'aikaciyar jinya mai rijista a shekarar 1969. [1] Ta kuma sami digirin BA a fannin nazarin muhalli daga Kwalejin Middlebury a shekarar 1992. [1]

Ta auri likita, Dr. Alan Ayer, wanda ya mutu a shekarar 2015.  Sun zauna a Weybridge, Vermont a shekarar 1979, bayan sun shafe shekaru huɗu a rundunar sojin sama .  Ayer yana da 'ya'ya uku manya kuma a halin yanzu yana zaune a Addison, Vermont. 

Ayer tana aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya a wata likitar kula da mata masu juna biyu (OB-GYN) a Middlebury, Vermont . &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Rayuwar jama'a
Ayer ya yi aiki a mukamai kamar haka:

* Memba Hukumar Daraktoci : Gundumar Kula da Albarkatun Kasa ta Otter Creek (1992 -).
* Memba a Majalisar Dattawan Jihar Vermont (2003 -).
* Memba a Kwamitin Amintattu, Jami'ar Vermont (2005 -).
* Memba a Hukumar Makarantar Weybridge .
* Memba a kwamitin gudanarwa na Middlebury Area Land Trust .
* Memba na Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Weybridge .
* Memba na Kwamitin Tallafin Tekun Tafkin Champlain .

## Manazarta
Abi Mai Jirgin Sama

**Elle Abigail "Abi" Boatman** 'yar siyasa ce 'yar Amurka wacce 'yar Democrat ce a Majalisar Wakilai ta Kansas tun daga shekarar 2026. Shugabannin yankin ne suka fara zabar Boatman don cike gurbin da babu kowa a watan Janairun 2026 lokacin da aka zabi magajinsa Silas Miller a Majalisar Dattawan Kansas .  Tana wakiltar gundumar 86 a kudu maso gabashin Wichita . 

Boatman ta yi aiki a rundunar sojin sama ta Amurka a matsayin makanikan jiragen sama, ciki har da shugaban ma'aikatan jirgin C-130 . Ta yi aiki daga 2001 har zuwa lokacin da aka sallame ta bayan ta fito a matsayin mai canza jinsi a 2011. 

A zaman 2025-2026, Boatman tana aiki a kwamitocin Ilimi, Noma da Albarkatun Ƙasa, Tsoffin Sojoji da Sojoji, da Cibiyoyin Kuɗi da Fansho. [1]

## Duba kuma
Jerin sunayen masu riƙe da mukamai na gwamnati masu canza jinsi a Amurka

## Manazarta
Kelly Curtis (mai tsere a kwarangwal)

**Kelly Curtis** (an haife ta a ranar 25 ga Janairu, 1989) 'yar tseren kwarangwal ce 'yar Amurka wadda ta fafata a gasar Olympics ta hunturu ta 2022 da kuma gasar Olympics ta hunturu ta 2026 a cikin kwarangwal .  A wasannin 2022 da aka yi a Beijing, ta zama mace bakar fata ta farko da ta wakilci Amurka a wasanni a gasar Olympics.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An rene ta a cikin dangin 'yan wasa a Princeton, New Jersey, mahaifinta ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa a Kwalejin Springfield kuma New York Jets ta zaɓe shi a gasar NFL ta 1971, yayin da 'yan uwanta suka haɗa da wani ɗan'uwa wanda ya yi kokawa a Jami'ar Princeton da wani wanda ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa a Kwalejin Springfield da Jami'ar Princeton.   Curtis ya kammala karatunsa daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Princeton a 2007, inda ta fafata a ƙwallon kwando, da kuma a wasannin tsalle-tsalle na dogon zango, inda ta tashi a wasannin don fafatawa a wasannin a taron zakarun jihar. 

Bayan kammala karatun digiri na biyu a Makarantar Lawrenceville, ta halarci Jami'ar Tulane kafin ta canza sheka bayan shekaru biyu a makarantar.  Ta yi rajista a matsayin ɗalibi a Kwalejin Springfield a shekararta ta farko, ta fafata a gasar heptathlon, inda ta lashe gasar Penn Relays ta 2011, inda ta lashe gasar New England Division III Indoor Championship a heptathlon a shekarun biyu a Springfield kuma ta kare a matsayi na biyar a matsayin babbar daliba a gasar NCAA.  A Jami'ar St. Lawrence, ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin jagoranci a fannin ilimi kuma ta kasance mataimakiyar kocin tsere. 

## Ƙwaƙwalwa
Yayin da take ɗaliba a kwaleji a Springfield, wata mai horar da ƙarfi da motsa jiki ta ba da shawarar cewa tana da ƙwarewar da ake buƙata kuma ya kamata ta gwada a wani taron haɗin gwiwa da Ƙungiyar Bobsled da Skeleton ta Amurka ke gudanarwa ga waɗanda za su iya shiga gasar.  Masu horar da ita sun yi tunanin cewa tana da ƙwarewa irin ta Erin Pac, tsohuwar 'yar wasan Springfield heptlete wacce ta lashe lambar tagulla a gasar bobsled mata biyu a gasar Olympics ta hunturu ta 2010. 

Da farko ta yi niyyar shiga gasar bobsled, amma ta yanke shawarar komawa ga skeleton a shekarar 2013 bayan ta ga yadda ake gudanar da tseren a gaban filin tseren kankara a gudun 90 miles per hour (140 km/h) . Curtis ta shiga Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Amurka a shekarar 2020, inda ta fafata a matsayin wani ɓangare na Shirin 'Yan Wasa na Duniya na Rundunar Sojan Sama. Tana zaune a sansanin sojojin sama na Aviano da ke Italiya, tana aiki tare da Rundunar Sadarwa ta 31 a matsayin ƙwararren masanin sarrafa ilimi; wurin yana da nisan 90 miles (140 km) daga Cortina d'Ampezzo ta ba ta damar yin atisaye a kan titunan yankin da kuma a wuraren wasanni a duk faɗin Turai. [1]

## Manazarta
Anna Westerholm

**Anna Westerholm**, jakadiya ce, ƙwararriyar ma'aikatar harkokin waje, shugabar ofishin jakadanci, jami'ar diflomasiyya kuma jakadar Sweden a Najeriya .    A tsawon aikinta, ta sami gogewa a yankuna da suka haɗa da Gabashin Turai, Caucasus, da Rasha, kuma a halin yanzu tana aiki a Najeriya da Kamaru ta hanyar naɗinta a matsayin jakada.  A shekarar 2025, ta sake komawa bakin aikinta a Abuja a hukumance a matsayin jakadar Sweden a Najeriya. 

## Ilimi
Anna Westerholm ta kammala digiri na farko da digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Uppsala da ke Sweden . A can, ta sami digiri na farko a Kimiyya ta Jama'a da Nazarin Rasha da kuma digiri na biyu a Kimiyya na Jama'a / Nazarin Ci Gaban da Harkokin Gabashin Turai. Ta kuma yi karatu a Rasha a shekarar 1992, inda ta sami difloma a cikin harshen Rasha.

## Ayyuka da Ayyuka
A matsayinta na jami'ar diflomasiyya, Westerholm ta yi aiki a matsayin Jakadan Sweden na hadin gwiwar Gabas daga 2016 zuwa 2022, a lokacin da ta kuma yi aiki a kasada da Mataimakin Shugaban Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje (MFA). Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai sharhi kan leken asiri da ke mai da hankali kan Caucasus da Asiya ta Tsakiya kuma ta rike mukamai da yawa tare da Kungiyar Tsaro da Haɗin Kai a Turai (OSCE) a Estonia, Georgia, da Jamhuriyar Moldova . 

Kwarewarta ba ta iyakance ga diflomasiyya ba, kamar yadda ta yi aiki a kan allon. Tun lokacin da ta ɗauki matsayinta na jakadan Sweden a Najeriya, ta yi kira ga haɗin gwiwar Nordic-Nigerian da za ta iya inganta tsarin halittu na dogon lokaci don kirkire-kirkire da canjin dijital. A cikin 2026, ta jagoranci tawagar Nordic zuwa bikin Enugu Tech  tare da Consul-General na Denmark.  

A watan Janairun 2026, Westerholm ya jagoranci tawagar da ta ziyarci lakabin rikodin Najeriya Chocolate City .  A watan Fabrairun 2026, ta ziyarci Jami'ar Najeriya. Ziyarar ta yi daidai da goyon bayan Sweden ga Cibiyar Binciken Manufofin Muhalli da Muhalli da Muhalli don Ci Gaban (REPRC-EfD).  

Ta yi imanin cewa daidaito tsakanin mata shine ginshiƙi na Dimokuradiyya, cewa muryoyin mata dole ne su fassara zuwa iko da yanke shawara, kuma cewa tashin hankali a kan mata yana yin shiru ga hukumar su.

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin ayyukan diflomasiyya na Sweden
* Dangantakar kasashen waje ta Sweden

## Manazarta
Marcelyn A. Atwood

**Marcelyn Adkins "Marcy" Atwood** wani Kanar ne na Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Amurka (USAF) mai ritaya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da jiragen ruwa a cikin KC-135 Stratotankers, Cibiyar Ayyukan Jiragen Sama ta Kasa ta E-4B, da kuma jirgin sama na RC-135 Rivet Joint a cikin shekaru 24 na aikin USAF. Ita ce kuma mace ta farko da ta jagoranci rundunar horar da jiragen sama kuma jami'ar Sojan Sama ta farko da ta jagoranci rundunar sojojin ruwa.

## Sana'a
Bayan ta halarci Jami'ar Oregon kuma ta sami digiri na farko a fannin ilimin kiɗa a watan Mayun 1978, Marcelyn Atwood ta shiga USAF a watan Oktoban 1980 kuma ta shiga horon masu kula da jiragen sama a sansanin sojojin sama na Randolph da ke wajen San Antonio, Texas .  A ranar 21 ga Maris 1997, ta zama mace ta farko da ta jagoranci rundunar horar da jiragen sama da kuma jami'ar sojojin sama ta farko da ta jagoranci rundunar sojojin ruwa a NAS Pensacola, Florida, lokacin da ta karɓi ragamar rundunar horar da sojojin ruwa ta Amurka 10 wacce ta horar da jiragen ruwa na ruwa da na sama.  Ta ci gaba da zama kwamanda har zuwa 27 ga Maris 1998.  A ranar 27 ga Oktoba 1999, an naɗa Atwood a matsayin kanal, matsayin da za ta yi ritaya.  A shekarar 2003, an tura Atwood don tallafawa Operation Iraqi Freedom kuma ita ce kwamandar ƙungiyar 398th Air Expeditionary Group yayin da take da hedikwata a Souda Bay, Crete .  Matsayinta na ƙarshe shine a matsayin kwamandan Operations Group na 55 a Offutt AFB kusa da Omaha, Nebraska, kafin ta yi ritaya a watan Agusta 2005. 

## Ritaya
Bayan barin rundunar sojin sama, Atwood ta shafe kusan shekaru biyu a kamfanin kwangilar tsaro na Science Applications International Corporation tana ba da shawarwari kan tsare-tsare na dabarun tsaro ga Hedikwatar Rundunar Sojan Sama da kuma Kungiyar Hadin Gwiwa ta Kayar da Na'urar Fashewa. A shekarar 2007, ta shiga wani kamfani wanda ke ba da ayyukan injiniyan fasahar bayanai.  A shekarar 2008, ta taimaka wajen kafa kamfanin lauyoyi na kare laifuka na soja na Puckett da Faraj, PC, wanda ita ce manajan kasuwanci.  A shekarar 2010, Atwood ta kafa Kamfanin Crisp Atwood Group, LLC, wani kamfanin ayyuka na sirri.

Ita ma memba ce a kwamitin gudanarwa na Count US In, wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta, mai zaman kanta, mai zaman kanta, mai ra'ayin mazan jiya, wadda ke aiki don tabbatar da cewa ba a hana masu jefa ƙuri'a a rundunar sojojin Amurka 'yancin yin zaɓe ba. [1] Atwood ta auri mijinta Marty Adkins tun daga shekarar 1988.

## Manazarta
Bal-musette

**Bal-musette** wani salon kiɗa da rawa ne na Faransa wanda ya fara shahara a birnin Paris a shekarun 1880. Duk da cewa ya fara ne da bagpipe a matsayin babban kayan kida, daga ƙarshe an maye gurbin wannan kayan kida da accordion, inda aka yi amfani da nau'ikan waltzes, polkas, da sauran salon rawa iri-iri.

## Tarihi
Auvergnats sun zauna da yawa a gundumomi na 5, 11, da 12 ( *arrondissements* ) na Paris a lokacin ƙarni na 19, suna buɗe gidajen cin abinci da mashaya inda masu kallo ke rawa da bourrée tare da rakiyar cabrette (wani bagpip mai busa ƙaho da ake kira " musette ") kuma sau da yawa vielle à roue ( hurdy-gurdy ). Mawakan Faransa da baƙi na Italiya waɗanda suka buga accordion sun ɗauki salon kuma sun kafa kansu a mashayar Auvergnat musamman a gundumar 19.  

Lokacin da Italiyawa suka fara gabatar da sabbin waƙoƙi kamar waltz da polka a cikin salon kiɗan gargajiya kuma suka fara buga shi a kan accordion mai haɗaka da aka gabatar kwanan nan, rikici ya taso, kuma salon Italiyanci da Auvergnat sun rabu. A ƙarshen ƙarni na 19, akwai nau'ikan wuraren wasan *bals-musette* guda uku:

* *Bal des familles* - Auvergnat
* *bal musette populaires* - Italiyanci
* *guinche* ko *bal de barrière* - wuraren shakatawa masu ban sha'awa da ke zuwa daga masu ƙarancin rayuwa da waɗanda ake kira bohemians .

Sau da yawa, 'yan manyan attajiran Faransa suna zuwa waɗannan wurare suna neman farin ciki daga talakawa da waɗanda aka zalunta. Wasu cibiyoyi ma sun gudanar da hare-haren 'yan sanda na ba'a don amfanin masu biyan kuɗinsu. Masu wasan kwaikwayo na wannan zamanin sun haɗa da Antoine Bouscatel, Émile Vacher, Martin Cayla, Charles Péguri, da Gus Viseur .

Siffofin rawa na Musette sun samo asali ne daga mutanen da ke neman matakai masu sauƙi, sauri da kuma na sha'awa, da kuma siffofi waɗanda ba sa buƙatar babban zauren. "Siffofin Musette" waɗanda suka kafa kansu a matsayin bambance-bambancen rawa na yau sun haɗa da:

* tango - musette
* paso -musette
* valse -musette, tare da wani nau'i na musamman da ake kira *la toupie* (" saman "), inda masu rawa ke kusa sosai kuma suna juyawa akai-akai.

An kuma bayyana wani rawa ta musette ta asali, wadda aka sani da java .

Shiga cikin mafi yawan wasannin balls kyauta ne, amma masu rawa sun sayi alamun rawa a teburin kuɗi. Waɗannan alamun an yi su ne da ƙarfe a siffofi daban-daban, tare da buga sunan zauren a gefe ɗaya. A tsakiyar rawar, daraktan bal ya yi tafiya tsakanin ma'auratan da jaka kuma masu rawa suka mayar da alamar. 

A shekarun 1930, waƙar jazz ta Gypsy, wani nau'in kiɗan swing mai ƙarfi, ta yi amfani da salon musette. A shekarar 1945, bal-musette ya zama salon rawa mafi shahara a Faransa kuma manyan taurarinta sun shahara a faɗin ƙasar. Shahararsa ta ragu sosai tun daga shekarar 1960. Farfaɗowar bals ya fara, musamman a manyan birane, kuma salon musette na zamani yana ƙara bayyana.

## Manazarta

## Littattafan tarihi

* Amandine Dewaele (1995), *Les origines du bal musette*, Paris 8e: Mémoire de maîtrise d'anthropologie.
* Roger Chenault (1995), *La danse musette*, Courbevoie: Mawallafin edition.

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

*  web site of Jo Privat, a French musette accordion player
Harshen Pimenteira

Pimenteira wani yaren Cariban ne wanda ba a tabbatar da shi ba, wanda aka fi magana a Piauí, Brazil. Sunan 'Pimenteira' sunan Portuguese ne wanda aka danganta da yaren, kuma ba a san asalin sunan ba. An tabbatar da shi a cikin jerin kalmomin da Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius ya rubuta kuma an buga shi a 1863. 

## Manazarta
Firamare

Protocaiman wani nau'in caimanine ne na crocodylian da aka fara bayyanawa a cikin 2018. An gano nau'in nau'in Protocaiman peligrensis a cikin Salamanca Formation na Argentina, kuma ya zauna a Patagonia a lokacin zamanin Paleocene. holotype shine samfurin MLP 80-X-10-1, wanda shine bangare na kwanyar.

## Manazarta
Harshen Pauxiána

**Pauixiana** (Pawishiana) wani yaren Cariban ne wanda aka taɓa magana a Kogin Catrimani  a cikin jihar Roraima ta Brazil, wanda ke da alaƙa da Paravilhana. 

## Kalmomin kalmomi
An samo kalmomin da ke biyowa daga wani labarin 1932 game da mutanen Ōarōamë tare da jerin kalmomin da ke tattare da Pauxiána .

## Manazarta
Harsunan Pekodian

**Harsunan Pekodian** wani rukuni ne na dangin yaren Caribbean. Ana magana da harsunan a jihohin Mato Grosso da Pará na Brazil kuma sun zama reshe mafi kudancin Cariban.

Meira da Chousou-Polydouri (2015) sunyi la'akari da cewa Pekodian ya fito ne daga ƙaurawar Cariban da ta zo daga arewa, yayin da bambancin harsunan Cariban ya fi mayar da hankali a arewacin Kudancin Amurka.

Kalmar *Pekodian* an kirkireshi ne a shekara ta 2005 ta hanyar Sérgio Meira da Bruna Franchetto bisa ga kalmar da aka samo don 'mace' da aka samo a cikin waɗannan harsuna, bi da bi Bakairi *Pekodo* da Ikpeng *petkom*, amma ba a samo su a cikin ɗayan harsunan Cariban ba idan aka kwatanta da su.

## Harsuna
Harsunan Pekodian sune:

* Bakairi
* Ikpeng
* Daga Arára
* Yarumá (Suyá) 
* Amonap (Kuikuro-Kalapalo, Matipuhy) 

## Rarrabawar ciki
Carvalho ya rarraba harsunan Pekodian kamar haka.

Kalmar *Kampot* ta samo asali ne daga Carvalho (2020) daga ƙamus na ƙamus *kampot 'wuta' wanda ke bayyana tarin yaren.

## Canjin sauti
Ana raba sauye-sauyen sauti da yawa tsakanin Bakairí da Ikpeng: 

## Kalmomin aro
Harsunan Pekodian suna da kalmomi daban-daban daga harsunan da ba na Caribbean ba, gami da yarukan Juruna da Arawak.

Pekodian na iya rinjayar Bororoan da sauran iyalai na yaren da ba na Caribbean ba.

## Manazarta
Harshen Purukotó

**Purukotó** (Purucotó) wani yaren Cariban ne wanda ba a tabbatar da shi sosai ba. Kaufman (2007) ya sanya shi a cikin reshen Pemong . 

## Manazarta
Harshen Tamanaku

Gilij ne ya buga jerin kalmomin farko na Tamanaku a cikin shekara ta 1780, daga zamansa na shekaru 20 tsakanin Tamanku wanda ya fara a kusa da shekara ta 1750. 

## Fasahar sauti

Tsayawa na iya yin murya da allophones na [b d ɡ]. Allophones na /p, n, r/ sun haɗa da [β h ɲ l].

### Sautin sautin

## Manqzarta
Tiverikoto language

**Tiverikoto** (Tivericoto, Tiverighotto) wani yaren Cariban ne wanda ba a tabbatar da shi sosai ba. Terrence Kaufman ya sanya shi tare da Yao a cikin ƙungiyar Yao,   amma rarrabawarsa ta wuce gona da iri. A yau, an haɗa shi da Wayana a cikin reshen Guiana Carib . 

## Kalmomin kalmomi

## Manazarta
Harsunan Taranoan

**Harsunan Taranoan** wani rukuni ne na dangin yaren Caribbean. Ana magana da harsuna a Brazil, Suriname, da Colombia.

## Harsuna
Harsunan Taranoan bisa ga Sérgio Meira (2006) sune: :

Tare da kusan masu magana 2,000, Tiriyó shine kawai yaren da ba ya kusa da halaka. Akuriyó da Karihona kowannensu yana da tsofaffin masu magana da suka rage. An kuma ambaci harsuna biyu na Taranoan, Pauxi da Patagón da ba a san su sosai ba.

## Manazarta
Harshen Yao (Cariban)

**Yao** (Jaoi, Yaoi, Yaio, "Anacaioury") yare ne na Caribbean wanda ake magana a Trinidad da Guiana ta Faransa har zuwa lokacin da ya ƙare a Karni na 17. An tabbatar da yaren a cikin jerin kalmomi guda 1640 da Joannes de Laet ya rubuta. An yi tunanin cewa mutanen Yao sun yi ƙaura daga Orinoco zuwa tsibirin watakila ƙarni daya da suka gabata, bayan Kaliña .  Sunan 'Anacaioury' shine na shugabannin da yawa da suka haɗu da su sama da ƙarni ɗaya ko haka.

## Rarraba
Yao ba shi da tabbacin da za a rarraba shi a cikin Cariban tare da amincewa, kodayake Terrence Kaufman ya haɗa shi da Tiverikoto.

## Kalmomin kalmomi
Wasu daga cikin kalmomin da aka tabbatar sune:  ko *Noene* 'wata',__zul____zul____zul__ 'haske', *Chirika* 'taurari', pepeïte 'iska', *kenape* 'ruwa', *soye* 'duniya', *parona* 'teku', o*uapoto* 'wuta', *Aroua* 'jaguar', *amma* 'dog' (daga Mutanen Espanya). 

## Manazarta
Yaren Yukpa

**Yukpa** (Yuco, Yucpa, Yuko, Yupa) yare ne na Caribbean, wanda mutane 3,000 ke magana a Jihar Zulia a Venezuela da 3,000 a fadin iyaka a Colombia. An kuma san shi da Carib Motilón, Macoíta, Northern Motilón.

Río Casacará (Iroka) da Río Maracas sune manyan yaruka, kuma sun bambanta sosai don yiwuwar a dauke su harsuna daban-daban. Har ila yau Caño Padilla-La Laguna. Harsunan Venezuelan, Yrapa da Río Negro, sun fi kusa da Río Maracas fiye da Río Casacará. 

Kyakkyawan da Japrería, ɗayan yaren Yupka, kaɗan ne.

## Fasahar sauti

* Sauti /p, m/ na iya zama velarized kamar [pɣ, mɣ] lokacin da a gaban wasula /e, a/ .
* /j/ na iya samun allophone na [X] a cikin bambancin kyauta, da kuma [ç] lokacin da ke gaban consonants.
* A retroflex na iya faruwa a lokaci guda a wurin /tʂ/ ko /ʂ/ a cikin yaren Sokorpa.
* A cikin yarukan La Paz da Menkwe, ƙayyadaddun retroflex ba sa faruwa, don haka ana jin /ʂ/ a matsayin [ʃ] a cikin yarukan biyu, kuma ana jin /tʂ/ a cikin yaren La Paz, da kuma [ts] a cikin harshen Menkwe.[x]
* Sauti na hanci /m, n/ ya zama mara murya lokacin da ya wuce rashin murya.

## Manazarta
Barbacoan languages

***'Barbacoana***' (kuma **Barbakóan**, **Barbacoano**, Barbacaana) iyali ne na harshe da ake magana a Colombia da Ecuador .

## Dangantakar asali
Harsunan Barbacoan na iya kasancewa da alaƙa da Ƙasa-linkid="81" href="./Páez_language" id="mwDw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Páez language">Harshen Páez. Barbacoan sau da yawa ana danganta shi da yarukan Paezan (ciki har da Páez); duk da haka, Curnow (1998) ya nuna yawan wannan shawarar ya dogara ne akan kuskuren fassarar tsohuwar takardar Douay (1888).  (Dubi: Harsunan Paezan.) 

Sauran manyan rukuni da suka shafi Barbacoan sun hada da Macro-Paesan "ƙungiya", Macro-Chibchan stock, da Chibchan-Paezan stock.

## Tattaunawar harshe
Jolkesky (2016) ya lura cewa akwai kamanceceniya da iyalan yaren Atakame, Cholon-Hibito, Kechua, Mochika, Paez, Tukano, Umbra, da Chibchan (musamman tsakanin rassan Guaymí da Kudancin Barbacoan) saboda hulɗa.

## Harsuna
Pasto, Muellama, Coconuco, Totoró da Caranqui yanzu sun ƙare.

Pasto da Muellama galibi ana rarraba su a matsayin Barbacoan, amma shaidar yanzu ba ta da ƙarfi kuma ta cancanci ƙarin kulawa. Muellama na iya kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin yaruka da suka tsira na ƙarshe na Pasto (duka sun ƙare, an maye gurbin su da Mutanen Espanya) - An san Muellama ne kawai ta hanyar ɗan gajeren jerin kalmomin da aka rubuta a karni na 19. Kalmomin Muellama suna kama da Awa Pit na zamani. Harshen Cañari-Puruhá sun fi ƙarancin tabbaci, kuma yayin da ake sanya su a cikin dangin Chimuan, Adelaar (2004:397) yana tunanin cewa watakila sun kasance Barbacoan.

Harshen Coconucan an Ƙasa haɗa su da Barbacoan ta hanyar Daniel Brinton a cikin 1891. Koyaya, wani bugawa na gaba na Henri Beuchat da Paul Rivet sun sanya Coconucan tare da dangin Paezan (wanda ya haɗa da Páez da Paniquita) saboda jerin kalmomin "Moguex" masu yaudara. Kalmomin "Moguex" sun zama cakuda harsunan Páez da Guambiano (Curnow 1998). Wannan ƙamus ya haifar da kuskuren rarrabuwa ta Greenberg (1956, 1987), Loukotka (1968), Kaufman (1990, 1994), da Campbell (1997), da sauransu. Kodayake Páez na iya kasancewa da alaƙa da iyalin Barbacoan, ra'ayi mai ra'ayin mazan jiya yana ɗaukar Páez a matsayin yare mai zaman kansa yana jiran ƙarin bincike. Guambiano ya fi kama da sauran yarukan Barbacoan fiye da Páez, kuma ta haka ne Key (1979), Curnow et al. (1998), Gordon (2005), da Campbell (2012)  sun sanya Coconucan a ƙarƙashin Barbacoin. Wani lokaci ana ɗaukar Totoró a matsayin yaren Guambiano maimakon yare daban, kuma, hakika, Adelaar & Muysken (2004) sun bayyana cewa Guambiano-Totoró-Coconuco ya fi dacewa a matsayin yare ɗaya.

### Loukotka (1968)
Da ke ƙasa akwai cikakken jerin nau'ikan yaren Barbacoan da Loukotka ya lissafa (1968), gami da sunayen nau'ikan da ba a tabbatar da su ba.

## manazarta
Harshe na Awa Pit

Awa Pit, wanda aka fi sani da ***Cuaiquer*** (Coaiquer, **Cuayquer**, **Kwaiker**, **Kwayquer**, da dai sauransu), yare ne na Barbacoan. UNESCO ta rarraba Awa Pit a matsayin harshe mai haɗari sosai. Harshen Awa Pit yana da tsarin batun-abu-kalma kuma ya karɓi Rubutun Latin. A cikin harshe, Awa Pit yana amfani da tsarin halayen halayen / rarraba na kalmomin aikatau don alamar mutum.

## Masu magana da halaye
Harshen Awa Pit yana da kusan masu magana dubu 21, galibi suna zaune a kan gangaren Pacific na Colombian na Andes, tare da kusan dubu a yankin da ke kusa da Ecuador. Ana magana da yaren Awa Pit kaɗan a kowace shekara. A cikin binciken da aka yi a shekara ta 2008 akwai kimanin masu magana da Awa Pit 12,000, amma tun daga shekara ta 2011 akwai kimanin masu karatu 2,100 da suka rage a lardunan arewacin Ecuador. Yawancin matan Awa suna da yare ɗaya ga yaren Awa Pit, yayin da wasu maza zasu iya magana da Mutanen Espanya da Awa Pit kuma kaɗan daga cikin waɗannan masu magana da Awa Pit zasu iya karantawa da rubuta harshen. Karatun karatu da rubutu tsakanin masu magana da Awa bai kai 1% ba a cikin yarensu kuma ba tare da 5% ba a cikin harshen Mutanen Espanya na biyu. Mutanen Awa galibi manoma ne. Amfanin gonarsu sun hada da shuke-shuke, masara, sukari, da wake. Yawancin Awa ba sa zaune kusa da juna, suna zaune a cikin ƙauyuka da aka warwatsa sau da yawa kilomita 2-3 a nesa, kuma sau da yawa suna motsawa dangane da lokacin shuka da girbi.

## Fasahar sauti
Abubuwan da ke cikin Awa Pit sune kamar haka:  

### Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

* Wasu yaruka na iya samun sautunan retroflex /ʂ/, /tʂ/
* Ana lura da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta kamar [pː, t̪ː, kː].
* [ɲ] shine babban sauti na jerin sassan /nj/
* A cikin matsayi na ƙarshe, akwai abubuwan da suka faru guda biyu ga kowane ma'anar tsayawa; wanda ba a sake shi ba, ko kuma bayan hanci [pm, t̪n̪, kŋ].

## manazarta
Harshen Wajumará

Wayumara wani yaren Cariban ne da ba a tabbatar da shi ba. Kaufman (2007) ya sanya shi a cikin reshen Makiritare a matsayin dangi na kusa da Ye'kuana,   amma rarrabawarsa ta wuce gona da iri.  Glottolog ya haɗa yaren a cikin reshen Guianan Carib, bayan Girard (1971),  a cikin rukuni tare da Ye'kuana. 

## Manazarta
Harshen Waimiri-Atroarí

**Harshen Waimiri Atroari** yare ne na Cariban da mutanen WaimiriAtroari ke magana. Yawan jama'a na yanzu shine 2,009,  kuma suna da ƙauyuka 19 da suka bazu tare da kogunan Camanau / Curiau, Alalaii, Jauaperi, da Rio Branquinho.  Ana magana da yaren a arewacin Jihar Amazonas da kudancin jihar Roraima .  Mutanen suna kiran kansu Kinja kuma suna kiran yarensu Kinja Iara 'harshen mutane'.  Harshen yana da wasu sunaye da yawa kamar, Atroahy, Atroachí, Atroarí, Atroaí, Atrawari, Atruahi, Atruahí, Ki'nya, Krishaná, Waimirí, Waimiri-atroarí, Yawaperí. Wannan harshe yana da alama yana da isasshen yaduwa kamar yadda duk membobin al'umma ke magana da shi kuma shine babban yaren da ake amfani da shi don karatu da rubutu.

## Rarraba
Waimiri Atroari na cikin dangin yaren Carib, wanda ke tsakiyar Arewacin Kudancin Amurka. Harsunan Carib a arewacin Brazil suna da kama da juna, yayin da Waimiri-Atroari ya bambanta. Ana iya rarraba Carib zuwa ƙungiyoyi uku: Arewa maso Yammacin Amazon, yankin Guiana da Upper Xingu Basin . Waimiri Atroari da alama ta fada cikin rukuni na biyu, yankin Guiana.

## Takardun
Jerin kalmomin João Barbosa Rodrigues da alama shine na farko da ya rubuta harshen a 1885 kuma yana nufin mutane a matsayin "Crichanas". Bayan ƙarni guda, a cikin 1985, ma'aurata masu wa'azi na Katolika [waɗanda?] daga Majalisar Ma'aikatan Wa'azi na asali sun haɓaka shawarar sauti da haruffa. Shekara guda bayan haka, a cikin 1986, wasu ma'aurata masu wa'azi a ƙasashen waje [waɗanda?] daga Ofishin Jakadancin Bishara na Amazonian (MEVA), sun kirkiro ingantaccen rubutun.  

Da alama Ana Carla Bruno ce ta yi cikakken bayani na farko. Ta fitar da wata takarda a shekara ta 2003 a kan bayanin harshe na harshen Waimiri-Atroari . Ta bayyana sosai ilimin sauti, ilimin halitta, ƙamus, da haɗin harshe. Bugu da kari, ta ci gaba da ba da cikakken bayani game da nau'in Waimiri-Atroari a cikin ƙarin ayyukan. A shekara ta 2004, ta wallafa wata takarda game da reduplication a cikin harshe. Shekaru biyu masu zuwa, ta ba da cikakken bayani game da tsarin wakilin (2005)  da kuma gine-ginen da ke haifar da shi (2006).  Sa'an nan, a cikin 2008 da 2009, ta ci gaba da nazarin siffofin syntactic na Alamar shari'a; tsarin magana, sashe da tsari na kalma. Kwanan nan, ta bincika darajar nazarin harshe don inganta farfado da harshe ta hanyar nazarin tsarin syllable a cikin orthography da ilimi na Waimiri-Atroari (2010). 

## manazarta
Harshen Cañari

**Cañari** ko Cañar wani harshe ne da ba a tabbatar da shi ba na kwarin Kogin Marañón a Ecuador **Canja** yake da wahala a rarraba, ban da kasancewa da alaƙa da Puruhá, kodayake yana iya kasancewa Chimuan ko Barbacoan.  (Dubi Harsunan Cañari-Puruhá.) Ita ce asalin yaren Mutanen Cañari kafin a maye gurbin ta da Kichwa kuma daga baya Mutanen Espanya.

## Fasahar sauti
Maganar da aka bayar a ƙasa ta fito ne daga Howard (2010). 

### Fonotactics
Ya bambanta da sauran harsunan yankin, Cañari a bayyane ya ba da izini game da ƙayyadaddun 10 a cikin matsayi na coda; /k/, /g/~/x/, /n/, /t/, /d/, /s/, /y/, /w/, /l/, da /ɾ/, kama da Guambiano da Pit Awa.

### Gidan Cañari a cikin Cañar Quichua

#### Howard (2010)
Wasu abubuwa masu mahimmanci da aka samo a cikin Cañar Quichua da aka tattara daga tushe daban-daban  da kuma aikin gona an ba da su a ƙasa. A cikin ginshiƙai daga tushe, alamar ƙari tana nuna cewa tana nan, yayin da alamar raguwa ke nuna rashin kasancewar.

## manazarta
Harsunan Cañari-Puruhá

**Cañari** (Cañar, Kanyari) da **Puruhá** (Puruguay, Puruwá) harsuna ne guda biyu da ba a tabbatar da su ba na Kogin Marañón a Ecuador waɗanda suke da wuyar rarraba su. Puruhá ba a tabbatar da shi sosai ba, kuma an san Cañari da farko daga sunayen wurare. Loukotka (1968) ya nuna cewa suna da alaƙa da Mochica (Yunga) a cikin dangin da ake kira Chimuan,  Kaufman (1994),  amma Adelaar (2004:397) yana tunanin cewa sun fi dacewa da yarukan Barbacoan.  (Dubi harsuna da ba su da kyau na Kogin Marañón.) 

## Iri-iri
Cañari da Puruhá sune manyan nau'o'i guda biyu: 

*  - yaren da ya ƙare na Lardin Cañar, Ecuador
*  / **Puruguai** - yaren da ba a taɓa magana a Lardin Chimborazo da Lardin Bolívar, Ecuador

Sauran nau'ikan "Northern Chimú" da Loukotka (1968) ya lissafa a ƙasa. Dukansu ba su da shaida sai dai Huancavilca da Manabí.

* **Ayauaca** - yaren da ba a taɓa magana a kwanakin Conquest a kan Kogin Quiros da kewayen birnin Ayauaca, Sashen Piura; yanzu Quechuanized.
* Calva - yaren da ba a taɓa magana a Lardin Loja, Ecuador, arewacin kabilar Ayahuaca.
* **Tumbi** / **Tumbez** - sau ɗaya ana magana a Kogin Tumbes da Kogin Naranjal, sashen Tumbes, Peru.
* **Puná** / **Lapuna** - sau ɗaya ana magana da  Tsibirin Puná, Ecuador.  (Mutane na Puná) [es]
* Colonche - sau ɗaya ana magana a kan kogi mai suna, Lardin Guayas, Ecuador.
* **Chanduy** - sau ɗaya ana magana da shi a cikin Sierra Chanduy, Lardin Guayas, Ecuador.
* **Tacame** / Atacamez - sau ɗaya ana magana da shi a bakin tekun Pacific na Lardin Esmeralda.
* **Chongon** - sau ɗaya ana magana da shi a Kogin Chongón, lardin Guayas.
* Coaque - yaren da ba a taɓa magana a bakin tekun Ecuador daga Galera zuwa bakin Kogin Jama.
* **Manabí** / **Manta** - harshen da ya ƙare na Lardin Manabí . 
* **Huancavilca** - yaren da ba a taɓa magana a Lardin Guayas a kusa da Guayaquil da kuma Kogin Daule da Kogin Yaguachi . 

## Manazarta
Harshen Caranqui

**Caranqui** ko Cara (Kara) wani tsoho ne, mai yiwuwa Harshen Barbacoan na Ecuador .  An maye gurbin Caranqui da Quechua, watakila ya tsira har zuwa ƙarshen karni na 18. Da alama hakan ya rinjayi Imbabura Quechua. Akwai kamanceceniya tsakanin Caranqui da yarukan Barbacoan Pasto da Tsafiki, don haka ana rarraba Caranqui a matsayin Barbacoen, amma shaidar ba ta da tabbas saboda takardun da ba su da kyau.

## Manazarta
Harshen Guambiano

****Guambiano**, wanda kuma ake kira **Misak**, **Namuy Wam**, **Nam Trik** ko **Moguex''' yare ne na Barbacoan da ake magana a kudu maso yammacin Colombia, a cikin Sashen Cauca ta Guambianos, wanda aka kiyasta yawan jama'arsa a mutane 20,782.

## Rarraba
Guambiano, tare da kuma Totoró da Harshen Coconuco da ya daɗe, sun zama rukuni na musamman na yaruka Barbacoan. Sau da yawa, ana ɗaukar waɗannan harsuna a matsayin yaren yaren Coconucan ɗaya.

A cikin iyalin Barbacoan, yarukan Coconucan da Awa Pit sun zama reshen arewacinsa.

## Fasahar sauti
Tebur masu zuwa suna nuna alamun Guambiano.

### Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

## Rubutun samfurin
Da ke ƙasa akwai Addu'ar Ubangiji da aka fassara zuwa Guambiano . 

## Manazarta