Floribert Chebeya

**Floribert Chebeya Bahizire**  (13 Satumba 1963 - 2 Yuni 2010) babban mai fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama ne dan kasar Kongo a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yaba da shi a matsayin "gwanin kare hakkin dan Adam".  Mutuwarsa ta haifar da kira ga bincike daga kungiyoyi fiye da 50, ciki har da Amnesty International da Human Rights Watch,  kasashe da dama da manyan jami'an Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da dama, ciki har da Ban Ki-moon, Navi Pillay, Alan Doss da Philip Alston.

## Sana'a

An haifi Bahizire a Bukavu. Ya yi aiki daga farkon shekara ta 1990s har zuwa mutuwarsa kwatsam  a shekarar 2010, wanda har yanzu ba a gano dalilin ba. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar kare hakkin dan Adam ta Voix des Sans Voix (Voice of the Voiceless). Aikin da ya yi ya sa ‘yan sanda suka rika yi masa barazana.   A tsawon rayuwarsa Chebeya ya yi tir da gwamnatoci da masu mulki da dama, ciki har da mai mulkin kama-karya Mobutu Sese Seko, da shugaba Laurent-Désiré Kabila da ya gaje shi da kuma gwamnati mai ci a lokacin mutuwarsa.  A lokacin mutuwarsa Chebeya ya yi kamfen na kin Sarki Albert II na Belgium da ke halartar bikin cika shekaru 50 na DRC, ya shirya zanga-zangar nuna rashin amincewa da tsige Vital Kamerhee, ya kammala koke kan wadanda ke da alhakin kungiyar Bas-Congo Bundu dia. Kisan kiyashin Kongo da za a kai shi gaban kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya, yana sukar jinkirin da gwamnati ta yi wajen kafa hukumar zabe ta kasa (CENI) da kuma binciken mutuwar Aimee Kabila, wadda ta yi ikirarin cewa ita ce kanwar shugaban.

## Mutuwa

An bukaci Chebeya ya gana da Sufeto Janar na 'yan sandan Kongo, shugaban 'yan sanda na kasa, Janar John Numbi, a ranar 1 ga watan Yuni 2010.   Ba a sani ba ko wannan taron ya faru.  Chebeya ya aika wa matarsa sakon waya ya sanar da ita cewa ya isa hedikwatar ‘yan sanda da ke Kinshasa domin taron amma wannan ita ce tuntuba ta karshe da ya yi da kasashen waje.  Daga baya wasu masu wucewa ne suka same gawarsa a bayan motarsa da ke unguwar Kinshasa, tare da cire wasu tufafi.   Direban Chebeya ya bace.  An gano gashin mata da kwaroron roba tare da shi a cikin motar.  An zare wandonsa.  Ba a sami jini ko ramukan harsashi ba.  Koyaya, Chebeya yana da jini a wurare da yawa. 

## Martanin mutuwa

### Martanin Kongo
Ministan cikin gida na Kongo Adolphe Lumanu ya umarci hukumomi da su binciki wannan lamarin tare da jajantawa iyalan Chebeya. 

Shugaban ‘yan sanda a Kinshasa, Janar Jean De Dieu Oleko, ya ce ‘yan sanda za su binciki lamarin.  

Muryar Dolly Ibefo ta nemi a gudanar da bincike mai zaman kansa. 

A ranar 6 ga watan Yuni, an dakatar da shugaban 'yan sandan Kongo kuma an kama 'yan sanda uku. Ministan cikin gidan kasar Adolphe Lumanu ya bayyana a cikin wata sanarwa da aka karanta a gidan talabijin cewa, shugaba Joseph Kabila ya kuduri aniyar ganin an samar da dukkan haske, kuma domin ba da damar gudanar da binciken lami lafiya, majalisar tsaron kasar ta yanke shawarar dakatar da sufeto Janar John Numbi a matsayin wani mataki na taka tsantsan. 

### Martani na duniya
Mataimakiyar darektan Amnesty International a Afirka, Veronique Aubert, ta fitar da wata sanarwa bayan jin labarin mutuwarsa: "Mun yi mamaki kuma mun kadu da kisan gillar da aka yi na irin wannan fitaccen mai kare hakkin bil'adama."   Amnesty na son a binciki mutuwarsa.  

* Wakilan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da dama sun mayar da martani.
** Babbar jami'ar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kare hakkin bil'adama, Navi Pillay, ta ba da yabo: "Fiye da shekaru 20, Chebeya Bahizire ya tsira daga barazanar kisa, kamawa, da cin zarafi da yawa saboda aikinsa na kare hakkin bil'adama. Ya yi imani da haqqoqin ‘yan Adam, kuma ba ya jin tsoron binsa a kan kowane irin saɓani.” 
** Mai bincike na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan hukuncin kisa ba bisa ka'ida ba Philip Alston ya ba da shawarar "aiki a hukumance" yayin jawabin da ya gabatar ga kwamitin kare hakkin bil'adama na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Geneva. 
** An ba da rahoton cewa, shugaban tawagar MDD a Congo Alan Doss ya ce: "Wakilin na musamman ya yi kira ga hukumomi da su fara gudanar da bincike cikin gaggawa domin a samu cikakken haske kan wannan mutuwar". 
** Ba da jimawa ba Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Ban Ki-moon ya bukaci a gudanar da bincike mai zaman kansa kan mutuwar Chebeya, ya kuma yi alkawarin taimakawa ta kowace hanya.  
* Kungiyar Tarayyar Turai ta bukaci a gudanar da bincike mai zaman kansa kan mutuwar Chebeya. 
** Hukumomin Kongo sun ce za su ba da izinin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙasar Holland su taimaka da binciken gawar Chebeya. 
** Ministan Afirka na Burtaniya Henry Bellingham ya nemi "bincike cikakke kuma na gaskiya".  Kikaya Bin Karubi, jakadan Kongo a Birtaniya, ya shaida wa BBC a ranar 9 ga watan Yuni cewa wata kungiya mai suna Les Resistant Combattants ta dauki alhakin harin da aka kai a gidansa da ke Landan, wanda ya lalata motoci da dama tare da lalata gidansa, kuma wata kungiya ce ta kone. matakin ramuwar gayya kan mutuwar Chebeya. 
* Kungiyoyi a Jamhuriyar Congo sun yi kira da a gudanar da bincike mai zaman kansa kan mutuwar Chebeya. 
* Amurka ta bukaci a gudanar da bincike mai zaman kansa kan mutuwar Chebeya. 
* Daraktan Belgian Thierry Michel ya yi shirin shirin *L'affaire Chebeya* wanda ya ba da labarin shari'ar da abubuwan da suka faru a gabansa, inda ya lashe babbar lambar yabo a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 'yancin ɗan adam a Paris a cikin watan Maris 2012. 

## Gawawwaki
Binciken gawarwakin gawarwaki mai zaman kansa ya mayar da sakamakon "marasa cikawa". 

## Hukunce-hukunce

A watan Yunin 2011, an yanke wa wasu ‘yan sanda hudu hukuncin kisa, yayin da wani kuma aka yanke masa hukuncin daurin rai da rai bayan wata kotun soji ta same shi da laifin shiryawa da kuma kisa na Chebeya. Uku daga cikin wadanda ba su halarci kotun ba a lokacin da ake yanke hukunci - an yi imanin cewa sun yi kisan gilla. An wanke wasu ‘yan sanda uku da laifin kisan Chebeya. An shafe sa'o'i da yawa ana karanta hukuncin, inda daruruwan mutane suka fito domin sauraren hukuncin. 

Paul Mwilambwe, wanda ke kula da harkokin tsaro a harabar da aka kashe Chebeya a watan Yunin 2010, ya ce ya ga yadda aka kashe dan fafutukar a na’urar daukar hoto. Ya zargi Joseph Kabila da ba da umarnin kashe shi da kan sa. 

A ranar 22 ga watan Satumba, 2021, an fara shari'ar daukaka kara na wasu mambobin tawagar da suka kashe mai kare hakkin dan Adam da direbansa.

## Duba kuma

* Hakkin dan Adam a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo
* Reebok Kyautar Human Rights

## Manazarta