Helen Belyea

**Helen Reynolds Belyea**, OC FRSC (Fabrairu 11, 1913 - Mayu 20, 1986), ƙwararriyar ilimin ƙasa ce ta Kanada wacce aka fi sani da bincikenta, a Yammacin Kanada, na Tsarin Devonian, lokacin yanayin ƙasa na zamanin Paleozoic.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi.
An haife Belyea a Saint John, New Brunswick, ga dangi da asalin Huguenot na Faransa.

Belyea ta sami digirinta na farko da na biyu a fannin Geology daga Jami'ar Dalhousie a Nova Scotia; ta samu digirin digirgir (Ph.D). daga Jami'ar Northwestern a Evanston, Illinois. Kundin karatun digirinta mai suna "The Geology of Musquach Area, New Brunswick." Kafin ta ba da kanta ga ilimin ƙasa, Belyea ta yi aiki a matsayin malamin makarantar sakandare kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin laftanar a Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Royal Canadian.

## Bincike da aiki.
A cikin shekarar 1945, Binciken Geological na Kanada ya ɗauki Belyea don zama masanin fasaha amma bayan ƴan shekaru, a cikin shekara ta 1947, an ba ta sabon aiki a matsayin masanin ilimin ƙasa. A wannan shekarar, a cikin watan Fabrairu an hambarar da mai a Leduc, Alberta. Shekaru uku bayan haka a cikin 1950, an aika Belyea don sa ido kan gano mai, wanda ya sa ta zama mace ta farko da ta fara aiki a fannin binciken ƙasa na Kanada tare da maza kawai. Bayan da aka bugi mai a Leduc, Alberta, Cibiyar Nazarin Yanayin Kasa ta buɗe ofis a Calgary, lokacin da aka aika Belyea don sa ido kan binciken. Wannan ofishin daga ƙarshe ya haifar da ƙirƙirar, a cikin 1967, na Cibiyar Sedimentary and Petroleum Geology.

Belyea ta rubuta fiye da 30 takardun kimiyya. Takardar ta ta farko, akan dangantakar facies da jerin reef-off-reef a cikin babban Devonian, an buga shi a cikin *Geological Survey of Canada* a shekarar 1952. An san ta mafi kyau don ba da gudummawa ga ƙarar akan "Tarihin Geological na Western Canada," wanda aka sani. kamar "Atlas." A cikin "The Atlas", ta buga taswirori da rubutu ga dukan yankin Devonian bisa ga aikinta a ƙarshen shekara ta 1950s, akan binciken ƙasa wanda ya tsara yankunan Kudu maso Yamma. Ta ba da gudummawa ta musamman a yankin yammacin Hay River da kuma kudancin Mackenzie, kuma iliminta game da ilimin geology na yanki ya taimaka wajen samar da haɗin gwiwar duwatsun Devonian na yankin.

An lura da Belyea saboda gudummawar da ta bayar a fannin ilmin kasa a Alberta, inda ta shafe shekaru 35, tare da Binciken Geological na Kanada. Kyautar da ta samu sun haɗa da lambar yabo ta Barlow Memorial don takardarta, "Rarrabawa da Lithology of Organic Carbonate Unit of Upper Fairholme Group, Alberta", wanda aka bayar a shekarar 1958. Ita ce mace ta farko da aka karrama ta wannan hanya. An zabe ta a matsayin 'yar'uwar Royal Society of Canada a cikin 1962, kuma an mai da ita mamba mai girma na kungiyar Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin masana kimiyyar ƙasa guda biyu da aka aika don buɗe ofishin Calgary kuma ita kaɗai ce macen da ta yi aikin fage a wurin. A cikin 1976, an nada ta Jami'ar Order of Canada.

## Rayuwa ta sirri.
Belyea ta kuma kasance mai ƙwazo a hawan dutse, gudun kankara, tafiya, da hawan doki. Dawaki ce kuma ta hau dokinta zuwa yawon shakatawa da yawa. Ta hau dutsen Alberta, British Columbia da yankin Great Slave Lake. Ta kasance memba na Ƙungiyar Cigaban Arts ta Calgary, Ƙungiyar Mata ta Calgary Philharmonic kuma mataimakiyar darektan Calgary Zoological Society. Ta yi balaguro sosai, musamman a Faransa. A wani balaguron da ta yi a Faransa ta ba da laccoci da yawa.

Belyea ta kasance tambari ga duniyar mata a fannin ilimin ƙasa. Duk da cewa ita kanta ba ta kasance mai goyon bayan mata ba, amma ta nuna a cikin ayyukanta cewa ita mace ce mai girma kuma mai bi da girmamawa. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta fara aiki da maza kafin shekarun 1970. Mutane sun yi tunanin, a cikin karni na 19, cewa ya kamata mata su kasance a gida dafa abinci da tsaftacewa ga iyalansu, amma Belyea ya kasance mai ba da shawara don son yin aiki a filin. Ta zama mace ta farko da ta fara aiki a fannin nazarin fage, inda ta tabbatar wa kowa da kowa cewa mata suna da ƙarfi da za su iya ɗaukar samfura masu nauyi a cikin ƙasa mara kyau.

Ta mutu a Calgary a ranar 20, ga Mayu, 1986, tana da shekaru 73.

## Manazarta.

## Bayanan kula

* Fleming, Iris. "Rocks are Her Forte." *Geosciences*. Fall 1975, pp.&nbsp;12–14.
* McLaren, Digby J. "Helen Belyea 1913-1986." *Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada*. Ser. 5, vol. 2. 1987, pp.&nbsp;198–201.
* Ogilvie, Marilyn, and Harvey, Joy, editors. *The Biographical Dictionary of Women in Science.* Vol. 1. New York: Routledge, 2000, pp.&nbsp;110–111.