Gargaɗin sanyi na iska

**Gargadin sanyin iska** wata sanarwa ce mai haɗari mai haɗari da aka bayar a baya daga ofisoshin hasashen gida na National Weather Service (NWS) a Amurka da kuma Ma'aikatar Yanayi na Muhalli da Canjin Yanayi Kanada (ECCC) lokacin da aka yi hasashen yanayin sanyin iska zai kai darajar ƙarancin isa ga mazauna da matafiya su zama masu saurin kamuwa da yanayin sanyi mai haɗari ko yanayin rashin lafiya da ke da alaƙa da mutuwa. asarar zafi. A duka Kanada da Amurka, an maye gurbin "gargadin sanyin iska" da " **gargaɗin sanyi mai tsanani** ."

Matsanancin sanyin iska wanda ya haɗu da sharuɗɗan faɗakarwar sanyi na iska na iya haifar da raguwa mai yawa a cikin zafin jiki, kuma ya haifar da lalacewar sanyi ga fata da aka fallasa da sauran nama a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (farawa cikin ɗan mintuna 10 zuwa 15 a lokuta masu tsanani). An shawarci mutanen da ke cikin yankin da aka yi gargadin su guji fita waje sai dai idan sun gudanar da tafiye-tafiyen da ya dace; idan za a fita waje, ya kamata a ƙara yin taka tsantsan game da yiwuwar tasowa hypothermia da sanyi ta hanyar sanya sutura masu yawa (kamar rigar hunturu mai kauri, gyale da dogon rigar ciki, baya ga yadudduka na kayan waje) da kuma hula (misali, hular saƙa da za a iya amfani da ita don rufe kunnuwa) da safar hannu. 

A cikin Amurka, ainihin ma'anar ya bambanta daga jiha zuwa jiha ko tsakanin yankunan gargadi na gundumar Weather Service (tare da mafi girman ma'auni a cikin Upper Midwest da Alaska, da kuma mafi ƙasƙanci a cikin Florida Peninsula ), kuma ana amfani da gargadi don bayyana yanayi mafi tsanani fiye da shawarwarin sanyi na iska .  Idan ana tsammanin tsananin sanyin iska zai haifar da sanyi ko mutuwa da sauri, to ana iya ƙara ingantaccen kalmomi tare da kalmomin musamman yanayi mai haɗari ga rubutun; ba kasafai ake fitar da wannan ba. Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Ƙasa a Twin Cities/Chanhassen ita ce ofishi na farko da ya fara yin hakan a ranar 5 ga Janairun shekarar 2014. 

A ranar 8 ga Afrilun shekarar 2014, Muhalli na Kanada ya maye gurbin Gargaɗi na Ciwon Sanyi tare da Babban Gargaɗi na Sanyi . Har yanzu ana yin gargadin ne bisa yanayin yanayin da wani yanki ke ciki. A cikin tsohuwar tsarin, an ba da gargaɗin sanyin iska don Kudancin Ontario da Atlantika Kanada lokacin da sanyin iska ya faɗi zuwa  . Wannan yana nufin cewa idan zafin jiki ya kasance  ba tare da iska ba ba a ba da gargaɗi ba. A karkashin sabon tsarin ana ba da gargadin matsananciyar sanyi bisa ko dai yanayin zafi ko sanyin iska kasancewar wani ƙima na akalla sa'o'i biyu. Ma'auni sun bambanta daga  a kudu zuwa  a sassa na Arctic .  

A Amurka, an kawar da "kallon sanyin iska" da "gargadin sanyin iska" don goyon bayan tsarin suna "mai sauƙaƙa", tare da "gargadin sanyi na iska" ya zama "gargadi mai tsananin sanyi."

## Misali Gargaɗi na Ƙaunar Iska
Mai zuwa wani misali ne na Gargaɗi na Iska mai sanyi wanda ofishin Sabis ɗin Yanayi na Ƙasa a Burlington, Vermont ya bayar a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu, 2023. 
```
983 
WWUS41 KBTV 012017
WSWBTV

URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Burlington VT
317 PM EST Wed Feb 1 2023

NYZ026>031-034-035-087-VTZ001>011-016>021-021000-
/O.UPG.KBTV.WC.A.0001.230203T0600Z-230205T0000Z/
/O.NEW.KBTV.WC.W.0001.230203T0600Z-230204T1800Z/
Northern St. Lawrence-Northern Franklin-Eastern Clinton-
Southeastern St. Lawrence-Southern Franklin-Western Clinton-
Western Essex-Eastern Essex-Southwestern St. Lawrence-Grand Isle-
Western Franklin-Orleans-Essex-Western Chittenden-Lamoille-
Caledonia-Washington-Western Addison-Orange-Western Rutland-
Eastern Franklin-Eastern Chittenden-Eastern Addison-
Eastern Rutland-Western Windsor-Eastern Windsor-
Including the cities of Massena, Norfolk, Fort Covington, Malone,
Champlain, Plattsburgh, South Colton, Star Lake, Saranac Lake, 
Tupper Lake, Dannemora, Ellenburg, Lake Placid, Newcomb, 
Port Henry, Ticonderoga, Ogdensburg, Potsdam, Gouverneur, 
Alburgh, South Hero, St. Albans, Swanton, Derby, Newport, 
Island Pond, Lunenburg, Burlington, Shelburne, Johnson, Stowe, 
Hardwick, St. Johnsbury, Montpelier, Waitsfield, Middlebury, 
Vergennes, Bradford, Randolph, Fair Haven, Rutland, 
Enosburg Falls, Richford, Richmond, Underhill, Bristol, Ripton, 
East Wallingford, Killington, Bethel, Ludlow, Springfield, 
and White River Junction
317 PM EST Wed Feb 1 2023

...WIND CHILL WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM FRIDAY TO 1 PM EST
SATURDAY...

* WHAT...Dangerously cold wind chills expected. Wind chills as 
 low as 30 to 45 below zero.

* WHERE...All of northern New York and Vermont.

* WHEN...From 1 AM Friday to 1 PM EST Saturday.

* IMPACTS...The dangerously cold wind chills could cause frostbite
 on exposed skin in as little as 10 minutes.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...The lowest wind chills will occur Friday 
 into early Saturday morning.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Have a plan for extreme cold conditions. Prepare your car for cold
weather and ensure your home has sufficient heat. During the
event, cover exposed skin and wear multiple layers of loose- 
fitting, light weight, and warm clothing.


&&

$$

For more information from the National Weather Service visit
http://weather.gov/btv/winter
```


## Samfuran PDS Gargaɗi Mai sanyin Iska
Mai zuwa misali ne na wani yanayi mai haɗari musamman Gargaɗi na iska mai sanyi wanda ofishin Sabis ɗin Yanayi na ƙasa ya bayar a Chanhassen, Minnesota . 
```
WWUS43 KMPX 050957
WSWMPX

URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
357 AM CST SUN JAN 5 2014

...HISTORIC AND LIFE-THREATENING COLD AIR HAS ARRIVED...
...THIS IS A PARTICULARLY DANGEROUS SITUATION...

.THE COLDEST AIRMASS SINCE 1996 CONTINUES TO MOVE SOUTHEAST OUT
OF CANADA AND INTO MINNESOTA AND WISCONSIN. WIND CHILL VALUES WILL
RANGE BETWEEN 30 AND 45 BELOW TODAY AND CONTINUE TO FALL THROUGH
MONDAY MORNING. AIR TEMPERATURES TONIGHT WILL DROP INTO THE 20S
AND 30S BELOW ZERO. GUSTY WEST OR NORTHWEST WINDS COMBINED WITH
THESE EXTREMELY COLD TEMPERATURES WILL PRODUCE WIND CHILLS OF 50 
TO 65 BELOW ZERO LATE TONIGHT AND EARLY MONDAY.

WIND CHILLS COLDER THAN 50 BELOW CAN CAUSE EXPOSED FLESH TO
FREEZE IN ONLY 5 MINUTES. A WIND CHILL WARNING IS IN EFFECT FOR
CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN MINNESOTA AND WEST CENTRAL WISCONSIN THROUGH
NOON TUESDAY.

THE GUSTY WINDS WILL ALSO BRING AREAS OF BLOWING SNOW TO MUCH OF
THE AREA TODAY AND TONIGHT. WHERE GUSTS REACH 35 TO 45 MPH OVER
WESTERN AND SOUTHERN MINNESOTA...VISIBILITIES MAY OCCASIONALLY BE
REDUCED TO LESS THAN A HALF MILE IN NEAR BLIZZARD CONDITIONS. THIS
WILL BRING AN ADDITIONAL LEVEL OF DANGER TO ANYONE STRANDED.

MNZ041-047-048-054>057-064-065-067-073>075-082>085-091>093-052115-
/O.CON.KMPX.WC.W.0001.000000T0000Z-140107T1800Z/
DOUGLAS-STEVENS-POPE-LAC QUI PARLE-SWIFT-CHIPPEWA-KANDIYOHI-
YELLOW MEDICINE-RENVILLE-SIBLEY-REDWOOD-BROWN-NICOLLET-WATONWAN-
BLUE EARTH-WASECA-STEELE-MARTIN-FARIBAULT-FREEBORN-
INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...ALEXANDRIA...MORRIS...GLENWOOD...
MADISON...BENSON...MONTEVIDEO...WILLMAR...GRANITE FALLS...
OLIVIA...GAYLORD...REDWOOD FALLS...NEW ULM...ST. PETER...
ST. JAMES...MANKATO...WASECA...OWATONNA...FAIRMONT...BLUE EARTH...
ALBERT LEA
357 AM CST SUN JAN 5 2014

...WIND CHILL WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON CST TUESDAY...

A WIND CHILL WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON CST TUESDAY. 

* THIS IS A PARTICULARLY DANGEROUS SITUATION!

* WIND CHILL VALUES: 35 TO 65 BELOW...WITH THE COLDEST READINGS
 TONIGHT AND MONDAY MORNING.

* IMPACTS: EXPOSED FLESH WILL FREEZE IN 10 MINUTES WITH WIND
 CHILLS OF 35 BELOW...AND IN 5 MINUTES WITH WIND CHILLS OF 50
 BELOW OR COLDER.

* OTHER IMPACTS...WINDS GUSTING BETWEEN 35 AND 45 MPH THIS
 AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT WILL LEAD TO BLOWING SNOW WITH
 VISIBILITIES OCCASIONALLY DROPPING TO 1/2 MILE OR LESS IN NEAR
 BLIZZARD CONDITIONS. SHOULD YOUR VEHICLE BECOME STRANDED...YOUR
 LIFE WILL BE AT RISK. CONSIDER POSTPONING ALL TRAVEL.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A WIND CHILL WARNING MEANS THE COMBINATION OF VERY COLD AIR AND
STRONG WINDS WILL CREATE DANGEROUSLY LOW WIND CHILL VALUES. THIS
WILL RESULT IN FROST BITE AND LEAD TO HYPOTHERMIA OR DEATH IF
PRECAUTIONS ARE NOT TAKEN.

&&

$$

MNZ042>045-049>053-058>063-066-068>070-076>078-WIZ014>016-023>028-
052115-
/O.CON.KMPX.WC.W.0001.000000T0000Z-140107T1800Z/
TODD-MORRISON-MILLE LACS-KANABEC-STEARNS-BENTON-SHERBURNE-ISANTI-
CHISAGO-MEEKER-WRIGHT-HENNEPIN-ANOKA-RAMSEY-WASHINGTON-MCLEOD-
CARVER-SCOTT-DAKOTA-LE SUEUR-RICE-GOODHUE-POLK-BARRON-RUSK-
ST. CROIX-PIERCE-DUNN-PEPIN-CHIPPEWA-EAU CLAIRE-
INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...LONG PRAIRIE...LITTLE FALLS...
PRINCETON...MORA...ST. CLOUD...FOLEY...ELK RIVER...CAMBRIDGE...
CENTER CITY...LITCHFIELD...MONTICELLO...MINNEAPOLIS...BLAINE...
ST. PAUL...STILLWATER...HUTCHINSON...CHASKA...SHAKOPEE...
BURNSVILLE...LE SUEUR...FARIBAULT...RED WING...AMERY...
BALSAM LAKE...RICE LAKE...BARRON...LADYSMITH...HUDSON...
NEW RICHMOND...RIVER FALLS...PRESCOTT...MENOMONIE...BOYCEVILLE...
DURAND...PEPIN...CHIPPEWA FALLS...BLOOMER...EAU CLAIRE...ALTOONA
357 AM CST SUN JAN 5 2014

...WIND CHILL WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON CST TUESDAY...

A WIND CHILL WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON CST TUESDAY. 

* THIS IS A PARTICULARLY DANGEROUS SITUATION!

* WIND CHILL VALUES: 35 TO 65 BELOW...WITH THE COLDEST READINGS
 TONIGHT AND MONDAY MORNING.

* IMPACTS: EXPOSED FLESH WILL FREEZE IN 10 MINUTES WITH WIND
 CHILLS OF 35 BELOW...AND IN 5 MINUTES WITH WIND CHILLS OF 50
 BELOW OR COLDER.

* OTHER IMPACTS...AREAS OF BLOWING SNOW ARE POSSIBLE AS WINDS GUST
 AS HIGH AS 35 MPH THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A WIND CHILL WARNING MEANS THE COMBINATION OF VERY COLD AIR AND
STRONG WINDS WILL CREATE DANGEROUSLY LOW WIND CHILL VALUES. THIS
WILL RESULT IN FROST BITE AND LEAD TO HYPOTHERMIA OR DEATH IF
PRECAUTIONS ARE NOT TAKEN.

&&

$$

BORGHOFF
```


## Oktoba 2024 Sabuntawa
A cikin Oktoba 2024, NWS ta aiwatar da canje-canje ga sanyin iska da gargaɗin daskarewa, agogon hannu, da shawarwari (WWAs) a zaman wani ɓangare na "yunƙurin Sauƙaƙe Hatsari." Manufar waɗannan canje-canjen sunan WWA, bisa ga NWS, shine "sauƙaƙe ɗimbin samfuran hasashen yanayin sanyi don inganta saƙon haɗari na hunturu da kuma samar da mafi kyawun tallafin yanke shawara." Canje-canjen sun haɗa da:  

**Matsanancin Ƙarfafa Sanyi da Sake suna**

* An sake masa suna Wind Chill Watch zuwa Ƙwallon Ƙirar sanyi
* An sake sauya suna Gargadin sanyin iska zuwa Gargaɗi Mai Girma
* An sake sauya suna na Shawarar sanyin iska zuwa Shawarar Yanayin Sanyi

**Daskare Ƙarfafawa**

* Hard Freeze Watch an haɗa shi zuwa Daskare Watch
* Gargadin daskare mai ƙarfi ya haɗa zuwa Gargadin Daskare

*Ofisoshin NWS na gida har yanzu za su ƙayyade ƙa'idodin da ke tafiyar da samar da irin waɗannan WWAs.*

## Manazarta