Cibiyar Nazarin Ruwa da Yanayi ta Kasa

**Cibiyar Nazarin Ruwa da Ruwa ta Kasa** ko **NIWA** ( Māori   ), Cibiyar Bincike ce ta Crown Research ta New Zealand . An kafa ta a shekarar 1992, NIWA tana gudanar da bincike a fannoni daban-daban na kimiyyar muhalli . Haka kuma tana kula da cibiyoyin sa ido kan muhalli na ƙasa da ƙasa, a wasu lokuta, muhimman cibiyoyin sa ido kan muhalli na duniya, bayanai, da tarin bayanai.

Ya zuwa 2019, NIWA tana da ma'aikata 697 da suka bazu a cikin shafuka 14 a New Zealand da ɗaya a Perth, Australia. Babban ofishinta yana cikin Auckland, tare da ofisoshin yanki a Hamilton, Wellington, Christchurch, Nelson, da Lauder (Central Otago). Har ila yau, yana da ƙananan ƙungiyoyin filin, waɗanda suka fi mayar da hankali kan ilimin ruwa, waɗanda aka kafa a Bream Bay, Lake Tekapo, Rotorua, Napier, Whanganui, Greymouth, Alexandra, da Dunedin. NIWA tana kula da jiragen ruwa kusan 30 don bincike na ruwa, ruwa, da yanayi.

A ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2025, NIWA ta zama Kimiyyar Duniya a New Zealand a cikin haɗin gwiwa da Kimiyyar GNS, kuma ana ɗaukarta a matsayin Ƙungiyar Bincike ta Jama'a . 

## Tarihi
An kafa NIWA a matsayin ƙungiya mai zaman kanta a shekarar 1992 a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin gwamnati na sake fasalin ɓangaren kimiyya na New Zealand.  A da, tana cikin Sabis na Yanayi na Ma'aikatar Sufuri amma an raba ta zuwa wata ƙungiya mai suna Crown wacce ke mai da hankali kan yanayin yanayi na dogon lokaci da sauyin yanayi.  

Ma'aikatan gidauniyarta sun fito ne galibi daga tsohuwar Sashen Binciken Kimiyya da Masana'antu (DSIR) da kuma Sabis na Yanayi na Ma'aikatar Sufuri. Ɗaya daga cikin sassan DSIR da aka ɗauka shine Cibiyar Nazarin Teku ta NZ . Sashen Binciken Kamun Kifi na tsohuwar Ma'aikatar Noma da Kamun Kifi ya shiga NIWA a shekarar 1995. 

A halin yanzu an tsara NIWA a matsayin kamfanin da ke da iyaka da alhakin ɗaukar nauyi  a ƙarƙashin Dokar Cibiyoyin Bincike na Crown na 1992 

Yawancin kudaden shigar NIWA suna fitowa ne daga kudaden bincike masu rikitarwa da kuma ayyukan ba da shawara na kasuwanci.  , NIWA tana da kuɗin shiga na dala miliyan 123.8 da kuma kadarorinta na dala miliyan 103.6. 

A ranar 26 ga Satumba, 2024, Ministar Kimiyya, kirkire-kirkire da Fasaha, Judith Collins, ta sanar da cewa NIWA za ta sayi MetService .  

A ranar 14 ga Mayu, 2025, Ministan Kimiyya, kirkire-kirkire da Fasaha, Shane Reti, ya tabbatar da cewa za a haɗa NIWA cikin sabuwar Ƙungiyar Bincike ta Jama'a mai suna Cibiyar Kimiyyar Duniya ta New Zealand . 

### Bayanin manufa
"Manufar NIWA ita ce gudanar da manyan kimiyyar muhalli don ba da damar gudanar da albarkatun ƙasa mai ɗorewa ga New Zealand da kuma duniya." 

### Kyaututtuka
A shekarar 2007, masana kimiyyar yanayi 12 na NIWA - Greg Bodeker, Matt Dunn, Rod Henderson, Darren King, Keith Lassey, Dave Lowe, Brett Mullan, Kath O'Shaughnessy, Guy Penny, James Renwick, Jim Salinger da David Wratt - sun raba kyautar zaman lafiya ta Nobel tare da sauran masu ba da gudummawa ga Kwamitin Gudanarwa kan Sauyin Yanayi . 

## Wuraren bincike
Cibiyoyin bincike na NIWA sun haɗa da:

* Dakin gwaje-gwaje na iskar gas wanda ke amfani da chromatography na gas da mass spectrometry don tantance abun da ke cikin iskar gas da isotopes ɗinsu a cikin samfuran iska da ruwa, da kuma nazarin isotopes na abu mai tauri.
* Dakin gwaje-gwaje na ecotoxicology don tantance tasirin gurɓatattun abubuwa - kamar ƙarfe mai nauyi, magungunan kashe kwari, da sharar gida - akan halittun ruwa.
* Wuraren binciken kiwon kamun kifi a Bream Bay da ke Northland da kuma Mahanga Bay, Wellington.
* Dakin gwaje-gwajen bincike na sararin samaniya da ke Lauder, Central Otago, New Zealand.
* Bugu da ƙari, NIWA kuma tana aiki (tare da haɗin gwiwar Antarctica New Zealand ) wani kayan aikin ji na yanayi a wuri da kuma na nesa a Arrival Heights, Ross Island, Antarctica.

## Manazarta