Anne Michaels

**Anne Michaels** (an haife ta a ranar 15 ga Afrilu 1958) mawaƙiya ce kuma marubuciya 'yar ƙasar Kanada wacce aka fassara kuma aka buga ayyukanta a ƙasashe sama da 45. Littattafanta sun sami kyaututtuka da dama na duniya, ciki har da Kyautar Orange, Kyautar Guardian Fiction, Kyautar Lannan don Fiction da Kyautar Waƙoƙi ta Commonwealth don Amurka. Ita ce mai karɓar digiri na girmamawa, Guggenheim Fellowship da sauran kyaututtuka da yawa. An zaɓe ta don Kyautar Gwamna Janar, Kyautar Griffin Poetry, sau biyu an zaɓe ta don Kyautar Giller kuma sau biyu an zaɓe ta don Kyautar Adabi ta Dublin ta Duniya . Michaels ta lashe Kyautar Vine ta 2019 don *Infinite Gradation*, kundinta na farko na ba-almara. Michaels ta kasance wacce ta lashe kyautar mawaƙiya ta Toronto, Ontario, Kanada daga 2016 zuwa 2019, kuma wataƙila an fi saninta da littafinta *[[Fugitive Pieces|na Fugitive Pieces]]*, wanda aka daidaita shi don allo a 2007. Michaels ta lashe Kyautar Giller ta 2024 saboda littafinta da aka yi wa lakabi *[[Held (novel)|da Held]] .* 

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Anne Michaels a Toronto, Ontario, a shekarar 1958. Ta halarci Kwalejin Vaughan Road sannan daga baya ta halarci Jami'ar Toronto, inda take memba a sashen Turanci.

## Sana'a
Da tarin waƙoƙinta guda biyu na farko, *The Weight of Oranges* and *Miner's Pond*, Michaels ta sami karbuwa a matsayin marubuciya wacce ke daidaita daidaiton fasaha da zurfin tunani da kuma ɗan adam.  Ta sami kyautar Commonwealth Poetry Prize for the Americas da Canadian Marubuta's Association Award, kuma ta kasance ta ƙarshe a gasar Gómìnà Janar's Award da Trillium Award, Michaels ta tabbatar da matsayinta a cikin fitattun mawakan Kanada a farkon aikinta. 

Bayan nasararta ta farko a waƙar, Michaels ta sami kanta "tana ƙara yin tsalle-tsalle akai-akai a kan iyakokinta. [Ta] tana matsa lamba kan tsari gwargwadon iyawarta a cikin dogayen waƙoƙi, tana ƙoƙarin yin alaƙa a kan babban sikelin. [Ta] miƙa waƙoƙi gwargwadon yadda za ta iya dangane da tsayi." Littafinta na farko, *Fugitive Pieces* (1996), ya ba wa Michaels damar yin aiki mai faɗi tare da tambayoyi masu rikitarwa da suka shafi tarihi, asali, wuri, da baƙin ciki: "hanyar haɗa abubuwa; na samun hotuna da alamun da ke haɗuwa tsakanin shafi na 100 da shafi na 303. Ya [ba ta] damar kawo masu karatu a hankali, ta hanyar zaren da yawa gwargwadon iyawarta]." 

Tare da *Fugitive Pieces*, Michaels ta kafa tushen jigo na ayyukanta na gaba, tana bincika alaƙar da ke tsakanin tarihi da tunawa, da kuma yadda mu, a matsayinmu na mutane, muke tunawa. Ta kuma ƙaddamar da tunaninta kan "abin da soyayya ke sa mu iya, da abin da ba za mu iya ba," da kuma fahimtar da ke cike da rudani cewa "babu abin da mutum ba zai yi wa wani ba; babu abin da mutum ba zai yi wa wani ba." Ta fuskanci mummunan yaƙi, tashin hankali, katsewar wuri, da asara ta hanyar rubutunta, Michaels "tana tafiya tare da mai karatu ta cikin ƙasa mai haɗari a fannin falsafa, ɗabi'a da motsin rai" kuma ta ƙi bugawa sai dai idan za ta iya "kai mai karatu da kanta zuwa ɗayan gefen."  Ta rubuta: "Ba ma buƙatar maimaita shaidar tashin hankali ko tsoro - wani lamari guda ɗaya yana gamsar da mu - amma muna buƙatar shaida akai-akai, game da ƙarfi, iko, isa, da kuma sakamakon soyayya."

Labarin wani da ya tsira daga kisan gillar da aka yi *masa,* wanda ke ƙoƙarin neman hanyar komawa duniya, ya ci gaba da samun yabo daga ƙasashen duniya, inda ya lashe kyautar Orange Prize for Fiction, kyautar Guardian Fiction, kyautar Lannan Literary Award for Fiction, kyautar Trillium Book Award, kyautar Littattafai ta Farko a Kanada, kyautar Birnin Toronto Book Award, kyautar Heritage Toronto Award of Merit, kyautar Martin da Beatrice Fischer, kyautar Harold Ribalow, kyautar Giuseppe Acerbi Literary Award da kuma kyautar Jewish Quarterly-Wingate Prize.

Yayin da take aiki a kan littafinta na biyu, *The Winter Vault*, Michaels ta fitar da *Skin Divers*, tarin waƙoƙinta na uku kuma na ƙarshe cikin littattafai uku, waɗanda suka fara da *The Weight of Oranges* da *Miner's Pond.* An yi nufin dukkan ukun su yi magana da juna, kuma daga baya aka buga su a cikin *Poems* (2000) *.* An san ta da salon waƙarta, a cikin waƙoƙinta da rubutunta, Michaels ta rubuta cewa "[waƙa] kyakkyawan tsari ne ga marubuci: yana sa ka san cewa ko da kana da shafuka huɗu ko ɗari biyar da za ka yi wasa da su, bai kamata ka ɓatar da kalma ɗaya ba." 

A wannan lokacin, Michaels ta fara rubutu don dandamali. Haɗin gwiwa da John Berger ya haifar da haɓaka *Vanishing Points* (2005), wani babban tunani kan layin dogo, soyayya da asara, wanda Simon McBurney ya jagoranta, Complicite ya shirya kuma an gabatar da shi a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi na Jamus a cikin King's Cross.  Daga baya an buga wannan aikin a matsayin *Railtracks* (2011). Ta kuma ba da gudummawar waƙoƙin waƙa ga mawakin Kanada Omar Daniel mai suna *The Passion of Lavinia Andronicus* (2005), wanda ya ba da sabon salo ga mutumin da ke tsakiyar ɗaya daga cikin wasannin kwaikwayo mafi ban tsoro na Shakespeare a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Hilliard Ensemble da Tafelmusik Chamber Choir. 

Michaels ba za ta buga *The Winter Vault* ba har sai a shekarar 2009, shekaru goma sha uku bayan fitowar *Fugitive Pieces* wanda, haka nan, ya ɗauki kusan shekaru goma kafin ya rubuta. Kamar *Fugitive Pieces,* littafinta na biyu ya yi la'akari sosai da "dangantaka mai rikitarwa tsakanin manyan abubuwan tarihi da abubuwan da suka faru na cikin gida; alaƙar da ke tsakanin baƙin ciki na tarihi da baƙin cikin mutum; yadda muke tunawa a ɓoye, da kuma yadda muke tunawa - da kuma tunawa - a bainar jama'a, tare. Kowace al'umma, kowace ƙasa, tana fuskantar wannan tambayar kuma tana amsa ta ta hanyarta, bisa ga buƙatunta."

Haɗa abubuwan tarihi guda uku - rushewa da sake gina Haikalin Abu Simbel na Masar; gina Tekun St. Lawrence a Kanada da nutsewar garuruwa, ƙauyuka da kaburbura; da sake gina Warsaw bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu - littafin ya yi la'akari da ko haikalin, wanda aka raba dutse da dutse aka sake ginawa, haikalin iri ɗaya ne; kogi mai shinge, kogi ɗaya; birni da aka sake ginawa, birni ɗaya; da kuma ko za a iya gyara da sake gina zuciyar bayan wani babban rashi na mutum. *Wurin ajiyar hunturu* ya ci gaba da samun yabo daga ƙasashen duniya kuma ya kasance ɗan wasan ƙarshe na Kyautar Scotiabank Giller, Kyautar Littattafai ta Trillium da Kyautar Commonwealth, kuma an daɗe ana sanya shi cikin jerin waɗanda za su sami Kyautar Adabi ta Dublin ta Duniya.

A shekarar 2011, Michaels ta ba da gudummawa ga wasan kwaikwayo na Sixty- Six Theatre na tsawon awanni 24 na *Sixty-Six Books* don bikin cika shekaru 400 da kafa King James Bible, wanda ya ba wa marubutan wasan kwaikwayo 66, mawaka, mawakan waƙa, da marubutan littattafai - na dukkan addinai da babu ɗaya, daga ƙasashe sama da goma sha biyu da kuma nahiyoyi biyar - damar mayar da martani ga wasu daga cikin tsoffin labaran da aka taɓa bayarwa.  Daga baya an rubuta gudummawarta, "The Crossing," a cikin *Sixty-Six Books: 21st Century Writers Speak to the King James Bible* (2011) *.* An kuma yi wani ɓangare daga "The Crossing" a Westminster Abbey 's King James Bible Service for Her Majesty The Queen, His Royal Highness The Duke of Edinburgh da His Royal Highness The Prince of Wales. 

Michaels ta koma ga waƙa tare da fitar da waƙarta mai tsawon littafi, *Correspondences* (2013), wani salon tarihi da na sirri a cikin tsarin accordion wanda za a iya karantawa gaba ko baya. Tare da haɗin gwiwa da mai zane Bernice Eisenstein, *Correspondences* ta maye gurbin waƙa da hotunan marubuta da masu tunani na ƙarni na 20 waɗanda Michaels ya girmama. Aikin ya ci gaba da karɓar kyautar littafi ta Helen da Stan Vine kuma an zaɓi ta a cikin jerin waɗanda za su shiga cikin kyautar Griffin Poetry Prize. 

A watan Oktoba na 2015, Michaels ta fara aikinta a matsayin wacce ta lashe kyautar mawaƙiya a Toronto, inda ta maye gurbin George Elliott Clarke .  Aikinta na kashin kanta shine ta samar da dandamali ga harsuna da yawa na Toronto: "Ta yaya za mu samar da sarari ga duk waɗannan adabi waɗanda suka zo mana cikin babban girma, wadata mai yawa? Muna buƙatar 'yan Toronto su kawo al'adunsu, su kawo mana mawakansu, don mu sami damar shiga wannan babban ɗakin karatu na duniya."  2015 kuma ya ga fitowar littafin yara na farko na Michaels, *The Adventures of Miss Petitfour*, tare da bibiyarsa, *The Further Adventures of Miss Petitfour*, wanda aka fitar a 2022.

A shekarar 2017, an buga sabon tarin waƙoƙi, *All We Saw,* da kuma sabon aikin ba labari ba, *Infinite Gradation* (tare da kalmomin da mawaƙi Gareth Evans ya rubuta bayan haka). An zaɓi littattafan biyu don kyaututtukan Vine na 2019 don Adabin Yahudawa na Kanada a cikin Waƙoƙi da Rukunin Ba na Almara ba bi da bi.  *Infinite Gradation* ya lashe kyautar Ba na Almara ba. 

Michaels ta buga littafinta na uku, *Held*, a watan Nuwamba na 2023. An saka ta cikin jerin sunayen waɗanda za su fafata a gasar Booker Prize ta 2024,  kuma ta lashe kyautar Giller Prize ta 2024. 

A shekarar 2023, an zaɓe ta a matsayin Marubuciyar Rukunin Adabi na Duniya na Royal Society of Literature 

## Manazarta