Mata Red Guards na yakin basasar Finland

Rukunin 'yan sanda na Red Guards na mata ne kawai suka yi aiki a Yaƙin Basasa na Finland na 1918. An kafa rukunin farko na masu tsaron mata a farkon watan Fabrairu a manyan biranen Finland. An kafa rundunonin tsaro mata sama da 15 a ƙarshen Maris 1918, tare da jimillar mata kusan 2,000 da ke aiki. Rukunin masu tsaron mata sun ƙunshi matasa ma'aikatan masana'antu, 'yan mata, da bayi. Matsakaicin shekarunsu ya kai kimanin shekaru 20, amma wasu ƙanana ne har zuwa shekaru 14. Matan sun yi aiki a rundunonin taimako a yaƙi.

Ta hanyar shiga Rundunar Jarumai ta Red Guards, mata sun fice daga matsayinsu na gargajiya a cikin al'ummar Finland kuma fararen fata, ' yan sanda masu adawa da Kwaminisanci, sun yi musu barazana. Kwamandojin Red Guards ba su da niyyar sanya mata rundunonin tsaro a yaƙi kuma galibi suna ajiye su a wurin ajiye makamai. Kusan ƙarshen yaƙin, da yawa sun ga faɗa. A lokacin Yaƙin Tampere, zauren birni shine yanki na ƙarshe na juriyar Ja; akwai tatsuniya cewa wannan saboda yayin da maza masu kare kansu ke son miƙa wuya, Jami'ar Jarumai ta Mata ta Tampere ta dage kan yaƙi har ƙarshe. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

Yaƙin Basasa na ƙasar Finland mai tsanani ya ɗauki tsawon makonni 15. An yi ta fama da kisan gillar fursunoni da fararen hula a cikin yaƙin ta'addanci. An kashe 'yan Reds sama da 10,000 a cikin harin White da ya biyo baya. Matan da aka kama waɗanda aka ɗauka a matsayin mayaƙa masu makamai galibi ana harbe su kuma wani lokacin ana yi musu fyaɗe kafin a kashe su.

## Tarihi

### Bayani

Matan ma'aikata 'yan Finland sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin al'umma tun daga ƙarshen shekarun 1800, musamman a cikin ƙungiyar zaɓen 'yan ƙasa da ƙasa wadda ta fara a shekarun 1890. Mata sun shiga cikin shirya yajin aikin tilasta yin aiki a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar da ke adawa da Rashawa ta Finland tun farkon shekarun 1900, kuma ma'aikata mata sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a yajin aikin gama gari na 1905.  Duk da cewa matan Finland sun sami 'yancin kaɗa ƙuri'a a 1906 (na biyu a duniya), matsayin zamantakewa na mata ya koma baya ga na maza; mace mai aure tana ƙarƙashin ikon mijinta kuma ba za ta iya samun aiki ba tare da izininsa ba.  Yanayin mata masu aiki ya fi muni fiye da na mata masu matsakaicin matsayi, kuma yanayin 'yan mata da bayi ya kasance mafi muni. A ƙarƙashin Dokar Bauta ta Sarki ta 1865, sun rayu a cikin yanayi kamar bayi, galibi suna fuskantar cin zarafin jima'i. Aikin yara ya kasance halal a Finland har zuwa shekarun 1920.  

Yaƙin Basasa na Finland ya kasance rikici daga 27 ga Janairu zuwa 15 ga Mayu 1918 don jagoranci da iko da Finland a lokacin sauyin ƙasar daga Babban Duchy na Daular Rasha zuwa ƙasa mai 'yanci. Rikicin ya faru ne a cikin yanayin rikicin ƙasa, siyasa, da zamantakewa wanda Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya ya haifar. An yi yaƙin basasa tsakanin ' Yan Reds, waɗanda wani ɓangare na Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party ke jagoranta, da kuma Fari, waɗanda Majalisar Dattawa mai ra'ayin mazan jiya ke jagoranta. Masu tsaron Red Guards na rundunar, galibi sun ƙunshi ma'aikatan masana'antu da manoma kuma suna iko da biranen da cibiyoyin masana'antu na kudancin Finland. Masu tsaron White Guards na rundunar sun ƙunshi manoma, tare da ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa na matsakaici da na manyan mutane, da kuma yankunan karkara na tsakiya da arewacin Finland da ke iko da su. [1] [2] [3] [4]

### Tsarin aiki

An yi amfani da rukunin farko na Mata Masu Tsaron Gado, waɗanda aka kafa a farkon watan Fabrairu a Helsinki, Vyborg da Valkeakoski, a matsayin misali ga Bataliyoyin Mata na Juyin Juya Halin Rasha na 1917. Da farko, gwamnatin Red, ma'aikatan Red Guard da ƙungiyar mata masu adawa da 'yan Social Democratic sun yi adawa da kafa rukunin mata. A ranar 13 ga Maris, gwamnatin Red Democratic ta amince da rukunin da ke akwai amma ta kawo ƙarshen kafa sabbin rukunin. Duk da haka, ba a bi umarninta sosai ba, kuma an kafa wasu sabbin rukunin a ƙarshen Maris da farkon Afrilu a manyan sassan masana'antu na Finland mai iko da Red; ban da kaɗan, ba a kafa su a yankunan karkara ba. Wasu mata suna aiki a rukunin yaƙi, wasu kuma an ba su tallafi. Matan da ke dauke da makamai sun sami ɗan gajeren horo na soja daga shugabannin Red Guard. Da farko, sun yi aikin tsaro, amma a ƙarshen Maris aka fara tura su zuwa fagen daga.  

## Manazarta