Nana Konadu Agyeman Rawlings

**Nana Konadu Agyeman-Rawlings** (an haife ta 17 Nuwamban shekarar 1948) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar Ghana wacce ta kasance Uwargidan Shugaban Ghana daga 4 Yuni 1979 zuwa 24 Satumba 1979 da kuma daga 31 Disamba 1981 zuwa 7 ga Janairu 2001. duka biyu a karkashin Shugaba Jerry John Rawlings. A shekarar 2016 ta zama mace ta farko da ta tsaya takarar shugabancin kasar Ghana.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Nana Konadu Agyeman a ranar 17 ga Nuwamban shekarar 1948, ga J.O.T. Agyeman da matarsa. Ta halarci makarantar Ghana International School. Daga baya ta koma makarantar Achimota, inda ta hadu da Jerry John Rawlings. Ta ci gaba da karatun Art and Textiles a Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha. Ta kuma kasance shugabar dalibai a zaurenta, Africa Hall. A shekara ta 1975 ta sami takardar shaidar difloma ta cikin gida daga Kwalejin Fasaha ta London.

Ta ci gaba da karatunta a cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, inda ta sami takardar shaidar difloma a cikin manyan jami'an gudanarwa daga Cibiyar Gudanarwa da Samar da Aikin Gana a 1979 da takardar shaidar ci gaba daga Cibiyar Gudanarwa da Gudanar da Jama'a ta Ghana a 1991. Ta kuma yi kwasa-kwasan. a Jami'ar Johns Hopkins, Cibiyar Nazarin Siyasa, Baltimore, MD, takardar shaidar shirin abokan tarayya a cikin ayyukan agaji da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu.

Wa'adin farko na Agyeman-Rawlings a matsayin uwargidan shugaban kasa ya zo ne bayan mijinta ya zama shugaban kasa na soja na dan lokaci a shekarar 1979. Ya koma kan karagar mulki a shekarar 1981, kuma, bayan an zabe shi a matsayin shugaban farar hula a 1992, ya ci gaba da mulki har zuwa 2001. Ta kasance shugabar kungiyar mata ta 31 ga watan Disamba a shekarar 1982. An zabe ta a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar jam’iyyar ta ta farko a shekarar 2009 a karo na biyu na jam’iyyarta ta National Democratic Congress (NDC) tana mulki karkashin shugaba John Atta Mills. Ba ta yi nasara ba ta kalubalanci Atta Mills a matsayin dan takarar jam'iyyar a babban taron jam'iyyar a 2011.

## Aikin rayuwa
A cikin wata sanarwa da ofishin jakadancin Ghana ya fitar, uwargidan tsohon shugaban kasar Nana Konadu Agyeman Rawlings ta bayyana cewa, "Burina shi ne na ga 'yantar da mata a kowane mataki na ci gaba don ba su damar ba da gudummawa da cin gajiyar ci gaban zamantakewa da tattalin arziki da siyasa. kasa.... Dole ne a amince da muhimmiyar rawar da mata ke takawa wajen samar da zaman lafiya a cikin iyali, kasa da duniya baki ɗaya, don yin haka, dole ne a ba su karfin siyasa don samar musu da isassun kalubalen da ke tattare da tantancewa da tantance hanyoyin magance su. domin ci gaban al’umma”.

Wannan ita ce manufar 31 ga watan Disamba wadda Nana Konadu Agyeman Rawlings ta kasance shugabar kungiyar. Ta bayyana shi a matsayin "Kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na ci gaba mai fa'ida wanda ke da burin cimma wadannan manufofin ta hanyar hada kan mata masu inganci." Bugu da kari, yunkurinta - miliyan biyu mai karfi - ya kafa makarantun gaba da sakandare sama da 870 a Ghana kuma ta yi aiki tukuru don tada sha'awar ci gaban yara da tsarin iyali.

Uwargidan tsohon shugaban kasar Ghana ta ce za ta ci gaba da aiki a harkar mata ko da a ce mijinta ba shugaban kasa ba ne. Mijinta ya jagoranci juyin mulkin da sojoji suka yi a shekarar 1981, kodayake ba a kafa shi a matsayin shugaban kasa ba sai shekara ta gaba. Kasar ta samu nasarar komawa mulkin farar hula a shekarar 1992 tare da gudanar da zabe cikin 'yanci. A yayin da ta kira uwargidan shugaban kasar "wani bangare na juyin juya hali a tattalin arzikin Ghana," Baltimore Afro-American ya ba da rahoton cewa mata su ne mafi yawan ma'aikata a Ghana, kuma suna son su kasance a tsakiya a cikin sake fasalin kasar. "Kafin 31 ga Disamba, 1981, ba su da wani tasiri a cikin doka ko siyasa - har ma da dokokin da suka shafe su." Ƙungiya ce ta asali, inda mata ke sayar da filayensu, tufafi, da kayan ado don samun kuɗi.

## Hakkokin mata
A farkon shekarun 1980, wasu mata kalilan ne suka tunkare ta suna son kafa kungiyar mata amma bayan wasu ‘yan tarurruka, kadan ya faru. Ta ce bayan da ta tambayi matan abin da suke son yi a kungiyance, "A bayyane yake cewa sai mun fara da abubuwan da za su samu kudi don ci gaban al'ummarsu a fannin zamantakewa, yawancin matan suna son abubuwa kamar ruwa." Kungiyar ta koya wa matan Ghana yadda ake samun kudin shiga da kuma tanadin kudade don ayyukan al'umma. Ya kuma ƙara musu kwarin guiwa da su kasance cikin tsarin yanke shawara a kauyukansu, tare da bayyana manufofin kiwon lafiya da ilimi. Ya ba da shirin karatun manya don koya musu karatu da rubutu-mafi yawan mata ba za su iya ba. An kuma hana auren wuri a tsakanin yara mata kuma an gabatar da shirye-shirye akan abinci mai gina jiki da rigakafi. A cikin shekarar 1991, ta hanyar ƙoƙarin Nana Konadu, Ghana ce ƙasa ta farko da ta amince da Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'Yancin Yara.

Ta hanyar motsi, Mrs. Rawlings ta kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen amincewa da "Dokar Ci Gaban Mulki," wadda ta dace ga wanda ya tsira daga mutuwa ba tare da wasiyya ba. A al'adance, matan Ghana ba su da 'yancin gado ko kaɗan bayan mutuwar mazajensu. Sabuwar dokar ta ba da ma'auni na gado.

Kungiyar Misis Rawlings ta kuma koya wa matan kauye shiga harkar zabe. "A zahiri mun yi ta su ne kawai har sai da suka gane, kash, ba ma son daya daga cikin wadannan mutanen da ke zaune a wajen yankunanmu ya zo ya tsaya a yankunanmu a zabe," in ji ta a Africa Report. “Yanzu mata da yawa suna cikin kwamitoci a kauyuka da gundumominsu, wasu kuma suna shugabantar kwamitocin.... Zan iya cewa mun yi tasiri sosai, kuma ina iya ganin girman kai da kuma kusantar girman kai. matan, cewa a yanzu mun sami damar keta wannan katangar mai kauri." A shekarar 1992, an zabi mata 19 a zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki.

Da take nuni da fannin kudi a matsayin daya daga cikin matsalolinsu, Misis Rawlings ta shaidawa Africa Report cewa: “Mafi yawan ofisoshin jakadancin kasashen yamma sun ce mu ƙungiya ce kawai ta siyasa kuma ba sa daukar lokaci don saurare. Ya dauki lokaci mai yawa kawai don samun jama'a su gane.... Da zarar mata suka shiga siyasa, duniya za ta yi kyau, domin ba mu tunanin yaƙe-yaƙe da wanda zai kera makamai da wanda zai kashe na gaba, muna so mu kafa. haɗin gwiwa, hanyar sadarwa, da kuma sa duniya ta zama wurin zama mafi kyau." mace ce mai ƙwazo da kwarjini.

## Yawon shakatawa na Amurka na 1995
A shekarar 1995, uwargidan shugaban Ghana ta yi tafiya tare da mijinta zuwa birane, ciki har da New York, Chicago, Atlanta, Washington, D.C., Houston, Detroit, Lincoln, Pennsylvania, da Los Angeles, tare da kokarin karfafa zuba jari da kasuwanci da Ghana. Mijinta ne shugaban kasar Ghana na farko da ya tafi rangadi a fadin kasar Amurka.

Uwargidan shugaban kasar Ghana ta yi makonni biyar a Amurka tana halartar wani shirin abokantaka a fannin jin kai da kuma kungiyoyin sa-kai a Cibiyar Nazarin Siyasa ta Jami'ar Johns Hopkins da ke Baltimore, inda ta samu takardar shaidar bayan kammala karatun ta. , wanda kuma ya haɗa da dabarun tara kuɗi, manufofin haraji, da kuma kwas kan ƙungiyar al'umma. Wannan ya kasance a cikin 1994. A cikin 1995 ita da mijinta sun sami digiri na girmamawa a Jami'ar Lincoln a Lincoln, Pennsylvania.

## Burin shugaban kasa
A shekarar 2016 ta zama mace ta farko da ta tsaya takarar shugabancin kasar Ghana. An caje ta a matsayin "Hillary Clinton" ta Afirka. Da ta zama shugabar Ghana mace ta farko da ta yi nasara da sabuwar jam'iyyarta a shekarar 2016. Ta samu kashi 0.16% na kuri'un da aka kada. Ta mika fom din tsayawa takararta domin jagorantar jam’iyyarta ta NDP a zaben 2020 da za a yi a watan Oktoba na wannan shekarar. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Nana Konadu ta auri Rawlings a shekarar 1977. Sun haifi ɗansu na farko, Zanetor, a 1978. Rawlings ya kasance jami'in sojan sama a lokacin. Wasu 'ya'ya mata biyu da ɗa guda sun biyo baya: Yaa Asantewaa, Amina da Kimati. Ta rasa mijinta ne a watan Nuwamba 2020, lokacin da zaben ya rage kasa da wata guda. Ta yi kasa a gwiwa a yakin neman zabenta amma ba ta janye takararta ba.

## Manazarta