Ibn Abdul-Hakam

**Abu'l Qasim 'Abd ar-Raḥman bin 'Abdullah bin 'Abd al-Hakam** ( )  wanda aka fi sani da **Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam** ([ , 801 AD - 257 AH/ 871 AD a Fustat kusa da birnin Alkahira a yanzu  ) shi ne ɗan Sunna musulmi  masanin tarihi kuma masanin fiƙihu daga Fustat, Masar.  Ya rubuta wani aiki da aka fi sani da "Masar Masar da Arewacin Afirka da kuma al-Andalus " (    , *Futuḥ mișr wa'l-maghrib wa'l-andalus* ). Ana ɗaukar wannan aikin a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin farkon tarihin harshen Larabci na Musulunci da ya wanzu har yau.

## Rayuwa
Ibn Abd al-Hakam ya fito daga dangin Larabawa.  Mahaifin marubucin Abdullah kuma ɗan'uwansa Muhammad su ne manyan hukumomin Masar na zamaninsu (farkon ƙarni na tara) akan mazhabar Fiqhu ta Malikiyya (Shari'ar Musulunci). Bayan rasuwar mahaifin, halifa al-Wathiq ya tsananta wa dangi saboda riko da addininsu.

Ko da yake da yawa daga masana al'adun gargajiya da masana tarihi na farko, ba kasafai ake ambaton su da suna ba saboda wulakanci na iyali. A zamanin halifa al-Mutawakkil an zargi marubucin tarihi da ’yan uwansa da laifin almubazzaranci da dukiyar da ya rasu, aka daure shi, har ma daya daga cikin ‘yan’uwa ya mutu da azabtarwa.

Ibn Abd al-Hakam ya kasance, a tak’aice, ma’abocin al’adar gargajiya ne maimakon tsantsar tarihin tarihi . Ya fi sha'awar abubuwan da suka faru na tarihi wadanda suka kwatanta al'adun Musulunci na farko wadanda zai iya amfani da su wajen koyar da fiqhu.  Madogararsa littattafai ne da masana al'ada na farko suka haɗa kuma yanzu sun ɓace, kuma tushen baka kamar mahaifinsa.

## Ayyuka
Rubuce-rubucen rubuce-rubuce guda huɗu sun tsira daga aikin tarihin marubucin, dukansu ana ɗauka sun samo asali ne daga kwafi ɗaya ƙila ɗaya daga cikin ɗalibansa ya yi asali.  Biyu daga cikin waɗannan ana yi musu lakabi da *Futuḥ mişr* (    , Conquest of Egypt), daya ake kira *Futūḥ mișr wa akhbārahā* (    , Cin Masar da wasu bayanai game da shi, watau kasar), kuma mutum yana da cikakken lakabi da aka bayar a kan wannan labarin. 

Charles Torrey ne ya buga bugu mai mahimmanci na dukan rubutun Larabci, wanda a baya ya fassara sashin Arewacin Afirka zuwa Turanci. John Harris Jones ya fassara wani ɗan gajeren yanki na aikin da ya ƙunshi mamaye musulmi kawai na Spain zuwa Turanci (Göttingen, W. Fr. Kaestner, 1432, shafi.&nbsp;32-36). Wasu masana tarihi ma sun fassara sassan Sifen da Arewacin Afirka zuwa Faransanci da Sifen. Koyaya, waɗannan suna lissafin ɗan ƙaramin sashi na littafin. Yawancin aikin an keɓe shi ne ga almara tarihin kafin Musulunci na Masar, Yaƙin Musulmi na Masar, Yaƙin Musulmi na Arewacin Afirka, Matsugunan Musulmai na farko da alkalan Musulunci na farko.

Aikin nasa wani tushe ne kusan kima kamar yadda za a iya cewa shine farkon labarin Larabawa na yaƙe-yaƙe na Musulunci na ƙasashen da suke mu'amala da su. Duk da haka, tun da an rubuta shi kimanin shekaru 200 bayan abubuwan da ya bayyana, saboda haka ya haɗu da gaskiya da tatsuniyoyi na baya. 

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## Manazarta

* Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam, *Kitāb futuḥ misr wa akbārahā*, edited and with English preface by Charles Torrey ( taken Turanci *The History of the Conquests of Egypt, North Africa, and Spain* ), Yale University Press, 1922.
* Charles Torrey, "Cutar Mohammedan Masar da Arewacin Afirka a cikin shekaru 643 zuwa 705 AD" *Gudunmawa na Tarihi da Mahimmanci ga Kimiyyar Littafi Mai Tsarki* juzu'i na 1, shafi na 15.&nbsp;535-293. Jami'ar Yale Press, 1901. Fassara tare da gajeriyar gabatarwa.
* Robert Brunschvig, "Ibn 'Abdalh'akam et la conquête de l'Afrique du Nord par les Arabes." *Annales de l'Institut d'Etudes Orientale*, v. 6 (1942-44) 108-155. An sami damar sake bugawa a cikin *Al-Andalus*, 40 (1975), shafi.&nbsp;92-75.