open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Koraniyu na Farko

Cornelius na farko (ya mutu a ranar 3 ga Afrilu, 2013)  ya kasance baƙar fata a gidan zoo na Granby a Granby, Quebec, Kanada . 

## Takaddar siyasa
Cornelius ya kasance shugaban Jam'iyyar siyasa ta tarayya ta Rhinoceros Party of Canada daga 1965 zuwa 1993. Jam'iyyar ta jawo hankalin kuri'u da yawa a zaben Kanada na 1979, 1980 da 1984, wani lokacin ma ta zo a matsayi na biyu a wasu hawa, amma ba ta taba zabar dan takara a majalisar dokokin Kanada ba.

Jam'iyyar ta samo asali ne daga Cacareco, wani rhinoceros a gidan zoo na São Paulo a Brazil, wanda ya kasance dan takara a zaben majalisar birni na 1958 tare da niyyar yin zanga-zanga game da cin hanci da rashawa na siyasa. Jami'an zaɓe ba su yarda da takarar Cacareco ba, amma daga ƙarshe ya lashe kuri'u 100,000, fiye da kowane jam'iyya a wannan zaben (wanda kuma ya kasance alama ce ta rashin halarta). A yau, ana amfani da kalmar "Voto Cacareco" (zaɓe na Cacareque) don bayyana kuri'un zanga-zangar a Brazil.

A lokacin zaben tarayya na Kanada na shekara ta 1984, jam'iyyar ta yi babban bangare na dandalin su da ke ayyana yaƙi da Belgium saboda wani halin zane-zane na Belgium, Tintin, ya kashe wani rhinoceros a daya daga cikin ayyukan farko na jerin wasan kwaikwayo.[1] Jam'iyyar ta ba da shawarar dakatar da barazanar yakin Belgium-Kanada idan Belgium ta ba da shari'ar mussels da shari'a na giya na Belgium ga Rhinoceros "Hindquarters" a Montreal (Ofishin Jakadancin Belgium a Ottawa ya wuce tare da shi). [1]

## Amurka
Gidan namun daji na Granby ya sayar da Cornelius zuwa San Diego Zoo don musayar giraffe. San Diego Zoo ya ba da rancensa ga Caldwell Zoo, inda ya haifi ɗa a ranar 6 ga Janairu, 2003.

Cornelius ya mutu a ranar 3 ga Afrilu, 2013, a Caldwell Zoo . Wani rahoto na labarai ya nuna cewa "yana fama da cutar huhu kuma cutar tarin fuka ta mycobacterium tana cikin huhu".

## Manazarta
Rhéal Fortin

**Rhéal Éloi Fortin** MP () lauya ne kuma ɗan siyasa na Kanada, wanda memba ne na House of Commons na Rivière-du-Nord .

Lauyan ne ta hanyar sana'a, shi ne shugaban Bissonnette Fortin Giroux, kamfanin lauya a Saint-Jérôme . Ya yi karatun shari'a a Jami'ar Sherbrooke . An zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Kanada a Zaben 2015 na Rivière-du-Nord a matsayin memba na Bloc Québécois, 

An nada Fortin a matsayin shugaban wucin gadi na Bloc Québécois a ranar 22 ga Oktoba, 2015 biyo bayan murabus din Gilles Duceppe a matsayin jagora bayan Duceppe ya kasa lashe kujerarsa a zaben.

Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban rikon kwarya na jam'iyyar har sai an nada shugaba na gaba, Martine Ouellet a ranar 18 ga Maris, 2017.

Fortin da wasu 'yan majalisa shida na Bloc sun yi murabus daga kungiyar Bloc don zama a matsayin' yan majalisa masu zaman kansu a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, 2018 suna ambaton rikice-rikice da jagorancin Ouellet. [1] Fortin ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar da masu adawa suka kafa, Québec debout .[2] Ya koma kungiyar Bloc Québécois a ranar 17 ga Satumba, 2018. [3]

## Tarihin rayuwa
Fortin was born in Laval-des-Rapides, Quebec. He started working when he was 18. He completed a CEGEP electrician's diploma, equivalent to junior college. He was a worker in a factory in Laval from 1977 to 1985, then left to attend university to study law. After completing his legal education, he began practising law in Saint-Jérôme in 1992.&#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Ayyukan siyasa
Ya kasance mai aiki a siyasa tun daga makarantar sakandare, lokacin da ya ba da kansa don sanya alamun ciyawa ga Parti Québécois. Ya yi takara don zaben Parti Québécois don zaben Majalisar Dokokin Quebec na Prévost, amma ya sha kashi a hannun Gilles Robert. A shekarar 2015 ya gudu don Bloc Québécois a cikin Rivière-du-Nord kuma ya lashe. Ya zama shugaban rikon kwarya na Bloc Québécois a ranar 22 ga Oktoba, 2015.  A ranar 7 ga Disamba, 2016, ya ba da sanarwar cewa ba zai nemi shugabancin dindindin na jam'iyyar a Zaben shugabanci a shekarar 2017.

He served as the BQ's critic for intergovernmental affairs, human rights, justice, and access to information in the House of Commons until February 2018, when he and six other Bloc MPs quit the caucus and formed the Groupe parlementaire québécois in protest of Martine Ouellet's leadership style. Fortin was named the group's spokesperson on March 21, 2018.

## Manazarta
Lieutenant na Quebec

A cikin siyasar Kanada, wani hafsan soja na Quebec (/lɛfˈənt/) ɗan siyasan Quebec ne wanda shugaban jam'iyyar ya zaba ya zama babban mai ba da shawara ko mai magana da yawun batutuwan da suka shafi Quebec. Wannan shi ne musamman lokacin da shugaban ya kasance mai magana da Ingilishi, kodayake shugabannin da yawa masu magana da Faransanci suna da mataimakan Quebec. Yawanci memba Dan majalisa ne ke cika shi ko aƙalla dan takara na yanzu ko tsohon dan takara. Matsayin yawanci sananne ne amma sau da yawa aikin da ba na hukuma ba ne, kuma ba shi da matsayin doka na hukuma.

## Shahararrun Lieutenants na Quebec
Wasu Lieutenants na Quebec na baya da na yanzu sun hada da:

### Mai sassaucin ra'ayi

## Manazarta
Jon Hromek

**Jonathan Hromek** ɗan siyasan Kanada ne .  Hromek ya kasance shugaban Jam'iyyar Saskatchewan United Party daga Mayu zuwa Disamba 2024, inda ya jagoranci jam'iyyar a Babban zaben Saskatchewan na 2024. Hromek kuma shi ne dan takarar zaben farko na jam'iyyar lokacin da ya tsaya takara a zaben lardin Lumsden-Morse na 2023.

## Ayyukan siyasa
Hromek ya kaddamar da aikinsa na siyasa a lokacin rani na 2023, lokacin da ya zama dan takara na farko da ya yi takarar Jam'iyyar Saskatchewan United Party (SUP), a zaben Lumsden-Morse na watan Agusta. Gudun a kan dandalin da aka mayar da hankali kan "yancin iyaye" a ilimi, Hromek ya kammala na biyu ga Blaine McLeod na Jam'iyyar Saskatchewan tare da kashi 23% na kuri'un, inda ya sami kuri'u 35 fiye da na uku New Democratic Party dan takarar. Hromek ya yi magana da kyau game da sakamakon kuma ya ba da shawarar cewa jam'iyyar za ta fi kyau a cikin cikakken yakin neman zabe.

A cikin 2023, Hromek ya ba da gudummawar $ 200,000 ga SUP ta hanyar kamfaninsa, Adonai Resources, wanda ke wakiltar kusan kashi 40% na jimlar gudummawar jam'iyyar a wannan shekarar.[undefined][2] Lokacin da aka tambaye shi game da babban gudummawa, Hromek ya bayyana cewa shi "mai imani ne cewa ka sanya kuɗin ku inda bakinka yake kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa na yi hakan. " A ranar 3 ga Oktoba, 2023, an nada Hromek mataimakin shugaban SUP. [2][1]

### Shugaba na SUP
A ranar 16 ga Mayu, 2024, an ba da sanarwar cewa wanda ya kafa jam'iyyar Nadine Wilson yana sauka a matsayin jagora, kuma an nada Hromek a matsayin sabon shugaban SUP.

A watan Oktoba, Hromek ya kaddamar da kamfen din SUP kafin Zaben lardin 2024.  Ya bayyana cewa jam'iyyar na fatan zabar akalla mambobi biyu zuwa Majalisar Dokoki.  Hromek ya gabatar da SUP a matsayin "zaɓin mai ra'ayin mazan jiya na gaskiya" ga lardin, yana mai bayyana cewa jam'iyyar za ta bi karuwar keɓancewa a cikin tsarin kiwon lafiya, sake gabatar da gwajin da aka daidaita a cikin tsarin ilimi yayin da yake sanya ƙarin iyakoki akan ilimin lafiyar jima'i, da rage harajin tallace-tallace da kuma kawar da harajin gas na lardin. Don tara kudaden shiga, Hromek ya yi alkawarin kara yawan kuɗin sarauta. Hromek ya kuma bayyana cewa jam'iyyar ta himmatu ga cire "akidar" daga makarantu, gami da "maza" da tattaunawar Rikicin yanayi. Yayinda Hromek ya yarda cewa mutane ne ke da alhakin canjin yanayi "har zuwa wani mataki," ya yi iƙirarin ƙarya cewa an 'fargadi' carbon dioxide a matsayin 'mai gurɓata'.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Hromek ya horar da shi a matsayin injiniyan man fetur, ya kammala karatu tare da Bachelors of Applied Sciences in Petroleum Engineering daga Jami'ar Regina a shekara ta 2003.  Shi ne Shugaba kuma shugaban Adonai Resources II Corporation, kamfanin bincike da samar da man fetur da iskar gas. Shi memba ne na Kungiyar Injiniyoyi da Masana Kimiyya na Saskatchewan da kuma Saskatchew Headquartered Oil Producers . 

## Manazarta
Mel Hurtig

**Mel Hurtig** OC (24 ga Yuni, 1932 - 3 ga Agusta, 2016) ya kasance mai wallafa Kanada, marubuci, mai fafutukar siyasa, kuma dan takarar siyasa. Ya kasance shugaban Edmonton Art Gallery . Ya bayyana kansa a matsayin dan kasar Kanada, yayin da ya kuma rubuta littattafai da yawa da ke sukar manufofin gwamnatin Kanada.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Hurtig a Edmonton, Alberta,  a ranar 24 ga Yuni 1932. Iyayensa baƙi ne Yahudawa: mahaifinsa daga Romania kuma mahaifiyarsa daga Rasha. Tsohon jami'in Edmonton Talmud Torah,  ya girma a Edmonton kuma ya kammala karatu daga makarantar sakandare a can. 

## Kasuwanci, mai bugawa da marubuci
A shekara ta 1956 yana da shekaru 24 ya buɗe kantin sayar da littattafai, Hurtig Books,   a kan Jasper Avenue da 103rd Street, wanda daga baya ya girma ya zama babban aikin sayar da littattafan tare da wurare uku.  Shaguna sun nuna wasan kwaikwayo, karatun shayari, ƙarfafa hulɗar jama'a, kuma ba a saba da shi ba, an ba da izinin shan kofi.

Bayan sayar da shagunansa a shekarar 1972, ya kafa Hurtig Publishers Ltd. tare da $ 30,000 a cikin kuɗin aro. Ya zama "ɗaya daga cikin kamfanonin wallafe-wallafen littattafai masu rai a Kanada".  A cikin 1980, ya fara aiki a kan The Canadian Encyclopedia, ya kashe dala miliyan 12 a kan cikakkiyar kundin encyclopedia na kasa guda uku da aka fara bugawa a cikin 1985.  Wani bugu na biyu, wanda ya ɗauki shekaru huɗu don kammalawa kuma ya kashe dala miliyan 8.5 don samarwa, ya bayyana a cikin kundi huɗu a cikin 1988. Abin mamaki ga mai bugawa, an sayar da bugu na biyu ba zato ba tsammani har zuwa kashi 55 cikin dari na ragi ta kamfanonin ƙasa, suna tayar da kasuwa.

A watan Satumbar 1990, Hurtig ya buga kundin *Junior Encyclopedia na Kanada* guda biyar, encyclopedia na farko ga matasa 'yan Kanada. Ya sayar da kamfanin ga McClelland &amp;amp; Stewart a watan Mayu 1991.

Hurtig ya kasance Jami'in Order of Canada, an ba shi digiri na Doctor of Laws daga jami'o'i shida na Kanada, kuma ya karbi kyautar Lester B. Pearson Man of the Year Peace Award . 

## Siyasa
A shekara ta 1967 Hurtig ya zama mai sha'awar siyasa lokacin da Jam'iyyar Liberal ke neman sabon shugaba saboda ritaya na Firayim Minista Pearson. Ya ƙare yana goyon bayan nasarar Ministan Shari'a Pierre Trudeau na neman jagorancin Liberal.[1] A shekara ta 1972 ya gudu a matsayin mai sassaucin ra'ayi a cikin tarayya na Edmonton West . Ya kammala na biyu ga mai rike da mukamin Progressive Conservative Marcel Lambert.[2]

## Mutuwa

## Manazarta
Bob Barker

**Robert William Barker** (12 ga Disamba, 1923 - 26 ga Agusta, 2023) ya kasance dan jarida ne na Amurka, mai gabatar da wasan kwaikwayo, kuma mai ba da shawara kan haƙƙin dabbobi. Ya dauki bakuncin shirin CBS na The Price Is Right, wasan kwaikwayo mafi tsawo a tarihin talabijin na Arewacin Amurka, daga 1972 zuwa 2007. Barker ya kuma dauki bakuncin *Gaskiya ko Sakamakon* daga 1956 zuwa 1975.

An haife shi a Darrington, Washington, a cikin yanayi mai sauƙi, Barker ya shafe mafi yawan ƙuruciyarsa a yankin Indiya na Rosebud kuma ɗan ƙasar Rosebud Sioux Tribe ne. Barker ya shiga rundunar sojan ruwa ta Amurka a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu . Ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a rediyo yayin da yake halartar kwaleji. A cikin 1950, Barker ya koma California don neman aikin watsa shirye-shirye. An ba shi shirin rediyo na kansa, The Bob Barker Show, wanda ya gudana na shekaru shida. Barker ya fara aikin wasan kwaikwayo a shekarar 1956, yana karbar bakuncin Gaskiya ko Sakamakon.

Barker ya fara karbar bakuncin The Price Is Right a shekarar 1972. Ya zama mai ba da shawara ga Hakkin dabbobi da kuma gwagwarmayar haƙƙin dabba, yana tallafawa kungiyoyi kamar United Activists for Animal Rights, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, da Sea Shepherd Conservation Society. A shekara ta 2007, Barker ya yi ritaya daga karbar bakuncin The Price Is Right bayan ya yi bikin aikinsa na shekaru 50 a talabijin. An dauke shi a matsayin gunkin al'adun gargajiya, Barker ya ci gaba da yin bayyanar lokaci-lokaci na shekaru da yawa har zuwa lokacin da ya yi ritaya har zuwa 2015.

## Rayuwa ta farko

An haifi Robert William Barker a ranar 12 ga Disamba, 1923, a Darrington, Washington, kuma ya shafe mafi yawan shekarunsa a yankin Rosebud Indian Reservation a Mission, Dakota ta Kudu. The US Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940, ya lissafa Barker a matsayin ɗan ƙasa na Rosebud Sioux Tribe, wanda ƙabilar ta tabbatar da shi a fili. Mahaifiyarsa, Matilda ("Tillie") Valandra (née Matilda Kent Tarleton), malamar makaranta ce; mahaifinsa, Byron John Barker, shi ne foreman a kan babbar layin lantarki ta jihar Washington. Kamar yadda mahaifin Barker ya kasance kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na Sioux, kuma mahaifiyarsa ba 'yar asalin ƙasar ba, Barker ta kasance Sioux ɗaya cikin takwas. Barker ya halarci makarantar sakandare a kan Rosebud Reservation inda mahaifiyarsa ta kasance malama. Barker ya taɓa cewa, "Na yi alfahari da kasancewa wani ɓangare na Indiya, saboda su mutane ne da za a yi alfahari. Kuma Sioux sun kasance manyan mayaƙan su duka. "

#### MANAZARTA
Elmer Knutson

**Elmer Stanley Knutson** (An haife shi a ranar 30 ga Oktoba, 1914 - 9 ga Agusta, 2001) ɗan kasuwa ne na Kanada, mai fafutuka kuma ɗan siyasa. Knutson ya kasance mai goyon baya sosai na kirkirar yammacin Kanada mai zaman kanta, inda yamma za ta zama mai mulki daga gwamnatin tarayya ta Kanada. An yaba masa da "whip[ping] Yammacin Turai ya shiga cikin motsi na siyasa".

## Siyasa da gwagwarmaya
Tare da zuwan Shirin Makamashi na Kasa na Kanada a cikin 1980, wanda ya ba gwamnatin tarayya ƙarin iko kan albarkatun mai da iskar gas a yammacin Kanada, ya kafa Tarayyar Yammacin Kanada (West-Fed),  wata kungiya mai zaman kanta don yaƙi da Jam'iyyar Liberal ta tarayya.  Knutson ya yi imanin cewa Dokar Westminster ta 1931, wacce ta ba da daidaito na majalisa tare da Ƙasar Ingila ga Kanada, ta kuma ba da ikon mallakar larduna, saboda larduna ba su sanya hannu kan haɗin kai ba. Masana tsarin mulki sun soki wannan ra'ayi.

Yawancin mambobin West-Fed sun bar kungiyar don shiga jam'iyyar Victoria-based Western Canada Concept (WCC) wacce, ba kamar West-Fet ba, ta gabatar da 'yan takara a zaben.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
An haifi Knutson a gonar iyali da ke Torquay, Saskatchewan. Ya yi aiki a ƙungiyoyin 'yan daba na hanya, a sansanonin katako da ma'adanai har sai da ya sami tallafin karatu na ƙwallon baseball a kwalejin Lutheran a North Dakota, Amurka. Bayan ya yi aiki a Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Royal Canadian a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, ya buɗe gareji a Saskatoon. Daga baya ya koma Edmonton don kafa kamfanin kera motocin tarakta nasa.[1] A shekarar 1969, ya kafa Derrick Dodge Chrysler, dillalin motoci, kuma ya gudanar da shi har zuwa 1976.

Knutson died at the age of 86 in Edmonton.&#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Manazarta
Colin Krieger

**Colin Rodger Krieger**  ɗan siyasa ne wanda ya kasance tsohon shugaban Jam'iyyar Maverick, jam'iyyar siyasa da ke zaune a Alberta, Kanada .

Ya yi takarar jam'iyyar Maverick a Zaben tarayya na Kanada na 2021 a Peace River - Westlock, kuma ya sami kashi 5.5% na kuri'un.

A ranar 14 ga Mayu, 2022, an zabe shi a matsayin sabon shugaban jam'iyyar.

Jam'iyyar Maverick ta yi rajista da Elections Canada a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, 2025, bayan "ya kasa samar da rahoton Kasuwancin Kasuwancin Kasa na Shekara da rahoton mai binciken na 2023," kuma Krieger ya daina zama jagora.[1]

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Ya yi aiki a matsayin direban mota, dan kwangila na filin mai da kuma mai mallakar sabis na likitancin filin mai.

## Tarihin zabe

## Manazarta
Elaine McCoy

**Elaine Jean McCoy** QC (7 ga Maris, 1946 - 29 ga Disamba, 2020) 'yar siyasar Kanada ce daga Alberta . Ta yi aiki a matsayin MLA ta Calgary daga 1986 zuwa 1993. Ta kasance memba na Majalisar Dattijai ta Kanada .

A shekara ta 2005, an nada McCoy a Majalisar Dattijai. Ta sanya kanta memba na Jam'iyyar Conservative ta Progressive duk da rushewarta shekaru biyu da suka gabata; bayan ritaya na Lowell Murray a cikin 2011, ita ce ta ƙarshe da ta rage a Majalisar Dattijai da ta zauna a matsayin mai ra'ayin Conservative. A shekara ta 2016, ta shiga kungiyar 'yan majalisar dattijai masu zaman kansu (ISG) kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara na wucin gadi. A cikin 2019, ta bar ISG kuma ta shiga Kungiyar Sanatocin Kanada.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haife ta a Brandon, Manitoba, Elaine Jean McCoy 'yar John Frederick da Jean Stewart (Bincike) McCoy ce. Ta kasance tsohuwa a Jami'ar Alberta, kuma ta gudanar da LLB (1969) da Bachelor of Arts a Turanci (1968). 

Kafin ya shiga siyasa ta lardin, McCoy ya yi aiki a matsayin babban lauya na Hukumar Makamashi da Utilities ta Alberta kuma a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Kamfanin TransAlta Utilities.

## Siyasa ta Alberta
Daga 1986 zuwa 1993, McCoy ya kasance memba na Jam'iyyar Conservative ta Alberta a Majalisar Dokoki (MLA) na Calgary-West a Majalisar Dokokin Alberta . Ta gaji Peter Lougheed a cikin hawa, wanda ta yi kamfen tare da shi a baya kuma wanda ya ba da shawarar ta gudu a cikin mazabar bayan ya yi ritaya. McCoy tana sa ran zama mai ba da baya, saboda ba ta da alaƙa da juna a cikin jam'iyyar, kuma ta yi mamakin cewa nan da nan aka nada ta a Majalisar zartarwa ta Alberta. Firayim Minista Don Getty ne ya nada ta Ministan Abokan Ciniki da Kasuwanci da Ministan da ke da alhakin Batutuwan Mata   . A matsayinsa na Minista, McCoy ne ke da alhakin kirkirar Majalisar Inshora ta Alberta, sake fasalin Hukumar Tsaro ta Alberta. Ta kuma shiga cikin haɓaka takardun shaida na ƙasashen waje ga ƙwararrun baƙi.

A shekara ta 1989, an nada McCoy a matsayin Ministan Kwadago na Alberta kuma Ministan da ke da alhakin 'Yancin Dan Adam, wanda ke da alƙawarin ofishin kula da ma'aikatan Alberta. Ta kafa Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Alberta a cikin al'ummomin Aryan wanda ke da alhakin bincike da kuma kawar da ayyukan mafi girma a lardin.[1] McCoy ya kuma haskaka game da tashin hankali a kan mata kuma ya jagoranci Lake Louise Declaration, wanda shine shirin farko na Alberta da aka tsara don yaki da tashin hankali ga mata, da kuma sanarwar farko ta Kanada a kan batun. [2][1]

## Rayuwar Sirri
McCoy ta auri Miles Patterson, lauya. Ta mutu a ranar 29 ga Disamba, 2020, a Ottawa . 

## Manazarta
Jerry Moss

**Jerome Sheldon Moss** (8 ga Mayu, 1935 - 16 ga Agusta, 2023) ya kasance babban jami'in rikodin Amurka, wanda aka fi sani da kasancewa co-kafa A&M Records, tare da mai kunna ƙaho da Jagoran ƙungiyar Herb Alpert . 

## Ayyukan kiɗa

### Matakan farko (1958-60)
Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Brooklyn tare da digiri a Turanci kuma yana aiki a cikin Sojojin Amurka, Moss ya fara aikinsa na kiɗa ta hanyar inganta "16 Candles", wanda aka buga a 1958 ga Crests a kan Coed Records.

### Rubuce-rubucen A&M (1960-99)
A shekarar 1960, ya koma California, inda ya haɗu da Herb Alpert, ya kafa Carnival Records a shekarar 1962 kuma ya gudanar da kamfanin daga wani ofishi da ke garejin Alpert. Da suka gano cewa an riga an ɗauki sunan, sai suka sanya wa sabon kamfaninsu da aka kafa suna A&M Records . [

Moss da Alpert sun amince a shekarar 1989 don sayar da A&M ga PolyGram don rahoton dala miliyan 500. Dukansu sun ci gaba da gudanar da lakabin har zuwa 1993, lokacin da suka bar saboda takaici tare da matsin lamba na PolyGram don tilasta lakabin ya dace da al'adun kamfanoni. A shekara ta 1998, Alpert da Moss sun kai karar PolyGram saboda keta ka'idar mutunci, daga ƙarshe sun daidaita don ƙarin biyan dala miliyan 200 a shekara ta 2003. &nbsp;&nbsp;1

A&M, kanta, daga baya za a haɗa ta cikin Geffen da Interscope Records, wanda zai haɗu a matsayin Interscope Geffen A&amp;amp;M Records (yanzu Interscope Capitol Labels Group) biyo bayan haɗuwa da Seagram na Disamba 1998 na PolyGram da Universal Music Group  .

### Almo Sounds (1994-2000) da kuma rayuwarsa ta baya
Alpert and Moss then expanded their Almo Sounds music publishing company to produce records as well, using it as a vehicle for Alpert's music. Almo Sounds imitates the former company culture embraced by Alpert and Moss when they started A&M.&#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup>

Moss, Herb Alpert da dan uwan Herb Steve Alpert an shigar da su cikin Rock da Roll Hall of Fame a shekara ta 2006 a cikin rukunin da ba masu wasan kwaikwayo ba.

In 2004, Moss was appointed to the California Horse Racing Board, replacing longtime television producer Alan Landsburg. Moss was a longtime horse-breeder and owner who won the 2005 Kentucky Derby with Giacomo, the first horse he had ever entered in that race,  and the 2009 Breeders' Cup Classic with Zenyatta.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;**'&#x5D; In 2011, he was inducted into the Southern California Jewish Sports Hall of Fame.

## Tarin Fasaha
An sayar da wani ɓangare na tarin fasaharsa sama da dala miliyan 60 a Christie's New York a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba 2023. 

## Rayuwa da mutuwarsa
Moss ya yi aure sau uku: aurensa da Helen Sandra Rusetos  da Ann Holbrook sun ƙare da saki.  Moss ya auri Tina Morse a cikin 2019, bayan ya yi soyayya tun 2016. Sun zauna a Bel Air, California da Maui, Hawaii.

Ya mutu ne daga dalilai na halitta a gidansa na Bel Air a ranar 16 ga watan Agusta, 2023, yana da shekaru 88. 

### MANAZARTA
Al Quie

Albert Harold "Al" Quie (/kwiː/ KWEE; Satumba 18, 1923 - Agusta 18, 2023) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne kuma manomi daga Minnesota . Quie ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka wanda ke wakiltar Gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Minnesota daga 1958 zuwa 1979 kuma a matsayin Gwamna na 35 na Minnesota daga 1979 zuwa 1983.

An dauke shi a matsayin dan jam'iyyar Republican mai matsakaici,  Ronald Reagan ya yi la'akari da Quie saboda zaɓin abokin takara na ofishin Mataimakin Shugaban Amurka a lokacin Zaben shugaban kasa na 1980. Ya kuma kasance a cikin jerin Gerald Ford na mataimakan shugaban kasa bayan murabus din Richard Nixon a shekara ta 1974.

## Rayuwa ta farko
Na uku cikin yara huɗu, an haifi Quie a ranar 18 ga Satumba, 1923, a gonar iyalinsa a Wheeling Township, Rice County, Minnesota kusa da Dennison, Minnesota, a Rice County, Minesota .  Uku daga cikin kakanninsa 'yan gudun hijira ne na Norway. Gidan gona da aka haife shi kuma ya girma ya sayi kakansa bayan ya dawo Minnesota daga fada a Yaƙin basasar Amurka. Wani manomi na ƙarni na uku, Quie ya girma a gona yana koyon hawa dawakai da shanu.

Quie ta kammala karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Northfield a Northfield, Minnesota, a shekarar 1942.  Ya yi aiki a cikin Sojojin Ruwa na Amurka a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II a matsayin matukin jirgi, ya kammala makarantar jirgin sama kamar yadda yaƙin ya ƙare. Quie bai taba ganin gwagwarmaya ba. Bayan aikin soja, ya kammala karatu daga Kwalejin St. Olaf a 1950, tare da digiri a kimiyyar siyasa. A wannan lokacin ne ya sadu da matarsa ta gaba Gretchen Hansen .  

## Ayyukan gwamnati na jihar da na kasa
Kamar kakansa, kakansa, da mahaifinsa a gabansa, Quie ya zama manomi. Wani dan jam'iyyar Republican, Quie ya gudanar da kamfen a matsayin dan takara a Majalisar Wakilai ta Minnesota a shekarar 1952, amma ya fadi. Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Dattijai ta Jihar Minnesota daga 1955 zuwa 1958, yana wakiltar tsohuwar Gundumar 18.

### Majalisa
memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka August H. Andresen ya mutu a watan Janairun 1958 kuma Quie ya gudu a cikin zaɓe don ya gaji shi a matsayin wakilin gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Minnesota. Quie ya lashe zaben Jamhuriyar Republican a wani taron jam'iyya sannan ya kayar da dan takarar Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party Eugene Foley da kuri'u 655 a zaben na musamman na Fabrairu. Ya kayar da Foley a babban zaben Nuwamba 1958 don lashe cikakken wa'adi. Quie ya kasance memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka a Majalisar Dattijai ta 91 ta Amurka, Majalisar Dattijan Amurka ta 86, Majalisar Dattijin Amurka ta 87, Majalisar Dattijen Amurka ta 88, Majalisar Dattijon Amurka ta 89, Majalisar Dattijar Amurka ta 90, Majalisar Dattizar Amurka ta 91, Majalisar Dattijo ta Amurka ta 92, Majalisar Dattifan Amurka ta 93, Majalisar Dattiyoyin Amurka ta 94, da Majalisar Dattigan Amurka ta 95.  Ya yi aiki a Kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Aikin Gona da Kwamitin Majalisar Amurka kan Ilimi da Ma'aikata.

### MANAZARTA
DJ Casper

**William Perry Jr.** (May 31, 1965 – August 7, 2023), better known as **DJ Casper** (also known as **Mr. C the Slide Man**), was an American disc jockey. Born and raised in Chicago, he was known as "Casper" due to frequently being clad in all white attire on stage. He was best known for his 2000 single "Cha Cha Slide".

## Ayyuka
PE na farko kuma kawai ya buga rikodin, "Casper Slide Pt. 1" - wanda aka fi sani da "Cha Cha Slide" - Perry ne ya kirkireshi ga dan uwansa, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin mai horar da kansa a Bally Total Fitness a shekarar 1998.  Bayan waƙar ta karu da shahara a matsayin motsa jiki na motsa jiki a Kungiyoyin motsa jiki da PE a makarantu, Casper ya kirkiro waƙar ta biyu a cikin 2000, mai taken "Casper Slide Pt. 2", wanda Elroy Smith ya karɓa a gidan rediyo na Chicago, WGCI-FM.

Waƙar ta zama abin bugawa a Birnin Chicago a shekara ta 2004, lokacin da lakabin rikodin M.O.B. na birnin ya shiga ciki, ya taimaka wa Perry ya kirkiro kundin tarawa tare da wasu masu zane-zane na Birnin Chicago don inganta rawa.  "Cha Cha Slide" daga baya Universal Records ta karbe shi kuma ya zama abin bugawa a duniya, musamman a Ingila, inda ya hau kan UK Singles Chart a watan Maris na shekara ta 2004 kuma ya zama waƙar Burtaniya ta uku mafi kyawun sayar da shekara ta 2004. 

Perry ya bayyana a matsayin DJ a cikin kakar wasa ta 6 na Orange Is the New Black, a cikin Crazy Eyes' hallucination na fursunoni da masu gadi suna rawa zuwa Cha Cha Slide .

## Rashin lafiya da mutuwa
A watan Janairun 2016, an gano Perry da Ciwon daji na koda da ciwon kansa na neuroendocrine. Bayan wani tiyata mara nasara a wannan watan, ya fara maganin chemotherapy. A wata hira a watan Yulin 2018, ya bayyana cewa yana cikin raguwa. A cikin 2019, Perry ya bayyana cewa ya doke kansa na koda da hanta kuma ya ce shi mutum ne mai canzawa, yana mai cewa "wannan shine hanyar Allah na rage ni kadan".

Perry ya mutu daga ciwon daji na koda da hanta a ranar 7 ga watan Agusta, 2023, yana da shekaru 58.  An tuna da shi a matsayin mahaliccin Cha Cha Slide a cikin tashoshin ƙasa da kuma kafofin watsa labarai na Chicago, tare da mutumin rediyo Seandale Hunley yana bayyana Perry a matsayin "hoton Chicago" kuma yana ba da shawarar Perry yana rawa da Cha Cha Slides a Sama: "Ya kasance a can Cha-Chaing yanzu, mutum. "

## Bayanan da aka yi

### Albums

* Wasanni na waje (1999) 
* *Cha-Cha Slide: Kundin Slide na asali* (2000) 
* *Casper* (2001) 

### Ma'aurata

#### MANAZARTA
Arthur Schmidt (janar)

**Arthur Schmidt** (25 ga Oktoba 1895 - 5 ga Nuwamba 1987) ya kasance jami'in soja na Jamus daga 1914 zuwa 1943. Ya kai matsayi Janar a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, kuma an fi saninsa da rawar da ya taka a matsayin shugaban ma'aikata Sojoji na shida a Yaƙin Stalingrad a cikin 1942-43, a lokacin matakai na ƙarshe wanda ya zama kwamandansa na zahiri, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen aiwatar da umarnin Hitler cewa ya tsaya tsayin daka duk da cewa Red Army ta kewaye shi. Ya kasance fursuna na yaki a Tarayyar Soviet na tsawon shekaru goma sha biyu, kuma an sake shi bayan ziyarar shugaban Jamus ta Yamma Konrad Adenauer zuwa Moscow a shekarar 1955.

## Yaƙin Duniya na I
Schmidt ya shiga soja a matsayin mai sa kai na shekara guda a ranar 10 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1914, ya kai matsayin Leutnant a ranar 8 ga watan Mayu shekara ta 1915.

## Yaƙin Duniya na II
Schmidt ya rike mukamai daban-daban a *Heer*, gami da shugaban ayyukan a Sojoji na Biyar (25 ga Agusta 1939 - 12 ga Oktoba 1939) da Sojoji na goma sha takwas (5 ga Nuwamba 1939 - 1 ga Oktoba 1940).  A ranar 25 ga Oktoba 1940 ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ma'aikata a cikin 5th Army Corps, matsayin da ya rike har zuwa 25 ga Maris 1942, lokacin da ya koma Führerreserve a Oberkommando des Heeres (OKH).  A ranar 26 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1942 an ba shi lambar yabo ta Jamus a cikin zinariya.

An nada Schmidt a matsayin shugaban ma'aikata ga Janar Friedrich Paulus a cikin Sojoji na shida a ranar 15 ga Mayu 1942, ya maye gurbin Colonel Ferdinand Heim bayan da aka kai hari kan Marshal Semyon Timoshenko a Yaƙin Kharkov na Biyu.  Masanin tarihin Burtaniya kuma marubuci Antony Beevor ya ba da bayanin Schmidt mai zuwa:

### Kewaye da Sojoji na shida a Stalingrad
Duk da bayanan Lieutenant-Colonel Niemeyer na gaskiya da mummunan ra'ayi, Schmidt ya yi watsi da haɓaka da iyawar sojojin Soviet a Stalingrad bayan nasarar Axis ta farko, rashin nasarar da shi - ba kamar Paulus ba - daga baya bai yi ƙoƙari ya nemi gafara ba. Yin watsi da umarnin Hitler na 'Führer' na 30 Yuni 1942 cewa ƙungiyoyin Axis bai kamata su yi hulɗa da maƙwabtansu ba, Schmidt ya ba da izini ga wani jami'in daga Sojoji na shida, Lieutenant Gerhard Stöck, don a ba shi rediyo kuma ya haɗu da sojojin Romania a arewa maso yammacin Stalingrad don taimakawa tare da tattara bayanan sirri. An karɓi rahotanni da yawa na ƙarya game da tarin sojojin Soviet daga ɓangaren Romania, don haka lokacin da Stöck ya yi rediyo a karfe 5 na safe a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba cewa wani hari (wanda ke nuna farkon Operation , kewayewar Soviet na sojojin Axis) yana gab da farawa, Schmidt, wanda ya yi fushi lokacin da aka damu da ƙararrawar ƙarya, ba a sanar da shi ba,  kodayake an farka shi minti ashirin bayan haka ya zama a bayyane cewa wannan ƙararrawar karya.

### MANAZARTA
Marc-Boris St-Maurice

**Marc-Boris St-Maurice** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1969)  ɗan gwagwarmaya ne, ɗan siyasa kuma mawaƙi na Kanada,  wanda ya yi kamfen na shekaru da yawa don halatta wiwi, da kuma sauƙaƙe samun damar maganin saboda dalilai na kiwon lafiya. Yana zaune a Montreal, Quebec .

 

## Ayyukan kiɗa
St-Maurice ya fara zama sananne a farkon shekarun 1990s a matsayin bassist na ƙungiyar punk Grimskunk . A lokacin ne Marc Saint-Maurice ya sami laƙabi "Boris". Ya bar ƙungiyar a cikin 1999 don mayar da hankali kan gwagwarmayarsa a cikin yunkurin halatta wiwi.

## Ayyukan siyasa
A shekara ta 1998, ya kafa Bloc Pot, jam'iyyar siyasa ta lardin Quebec wacce babban burinta shine kawar da laifi da kuma halatta wiwi. A cikin Babban zaben Quebec na wannan shekarar St-Maurice ya kasance dan takarar jam'iyyar a Mercier, ya kasance na huɗu. A shekara ta 2000, ya kirkiro jam'iyyar Bloc Pot, Jam'iyyar Marijuana, wacce ta gudanar da 'yan takara a zaben tarayya. A wannan shekarar, St-Maurice ya kasance dan takarar jam'iyyar a lokuta biyu daban-daban, na farko a cikin zaben don maye gurbin Okanagan - Coquihalla MP Jim Hart, sannan a Laurier - Sainte-Marie a cikin Babban zaben Nuwamba. Duk da yake a ƙarshe bai yi nasara ba, takarar St-Maurice a zaben tarayya na Nuwamba ya kasance sakamako mai ban mamaki ga St-Maurce da Jam'iyyar Marijuana. Ya sami nasarar samun 'yan takara na manyan jam'iyyun uku (Sabon Jam'iyyar Democrat, Progressive Conservatives, da Canadian Alliance) wani abu ne mai ban sha'awa ga ƙaramar jam'iyya. A shekara ta 2001, St-Maurice ya koma siyasar Quebec don yin takara a zaben a Jonquière, wanda ya haifar da murabus din Lucien Bouchard. A shekara ta gaba ya kasance dan takara a zaben tarayya a Saint-Léonard - Saint-Michel, ya kasance na karshe. Yunkurinsa na karshe a cikin siyasar tarayya ya zo ne a shekara ta 2004, inda ya tsaya a matsayin dan takara a LaSalle - Émard, hawa Firayim Minista na lokacin Paul Martin.

## Kungiyar tausayi da gwagwarmaya
St-Maurice ya fuskanci matsala tare da doka lokacin da yake mai sa kai na cikakken lokaci a Cibiyar Compassion, ƙungiyar da ke ba da wiwi ga marasa lafiya masu tsanani tare da takardar magani. An buɗe kulob din Montreal Compassion Club na farko, wanda ya dogara da waɗanda ke Toronto da British Columbia, a kan titin Rachel, kusa da ofishin 'yan sanda.

Bayan wani hari na 'yan sanda, an zargi St-Maurice da abokin aikinsa Alexander Neron da mallaka da fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi. Lauyoyin su sun yi kira da cewa dokar Kanada ta bar wata matsala ta doka, ta ba da damar wasu mutane su mallaki wiwi don dalilai na magani, amma ba su samar da samfurin da ake tambaya ba. Alkalin Gilles Cadieux ya dakatar da shari'ar da aka yi wa maza biyu a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2002.

## Manazarta
Jean Blaquière

**Jean Blaquière**, fasto na Pentecostal, ya kasance dan takara na Jam'iyyar Kirista ta Kanada a Zaben tarayya na Kanada na 1993, kuma ya lashe jagorancin jam'iyyar  a watan Maris na 1994 a taron Vancouver, a cikin tseren tare da wasu masu takara biyu.

Blaquière ya zaɓi ya sauka a taron na gaba a watan Nuwamba 1995 a London, Ontario, kuma Ron Gray ya gaje shi.

## Tarihin zabe

## Manazarta
Jim Hnatiuk

**Jim Hnatiuk** (19 ga watan Agustan 1950 - 18 ga watan Agusta 2018) ya kasance shugaban jam'iyyar Christian Heritage Party of Canada .  An zabe shi a wannan mukamin a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2008.

Yayinda yake matashi, ya halarci makarantar kwana da firistocin Oblate ke gudanarwa. Ya shiga Sojojin Kanada kuma ya yi aiki tare da su na tsawon shekaru 25 a Sashen Injiniyan Yaki a cikin Sojojin Canada inda ya kai matsayin Babban Jami'in 1st Class.

Ya shiga dikon majami'u daban-daban kuma ya kasance mai hidima a cocin Emmanuel Baptist . 

Hnatiuk ya shiga Jam'iyyar Tarihin Kirista a shekara ta 2002  kuma ya yi takara a matsayin dan takara na jam'iyyar a Nova Scotia a zaben tarayya na 2004, 2006 da 2008.

Ya zama mataimakin shugaban jam'iyyar a shekara ta 2005 kuma an zabe shi a matsayin jagora a taron jam'iyyar na Nuwamba 2008 a London, Ontario inda ya doke Harold Ludwig da Rod Taylor a zaben farko na taron shugabanci jam'iyyar.[1]

## Manazarta
Heather Stilwell

**Heather Stilwell** (Janairu 26, 1944 - Disamba 4, 2010) 'yar gwagwarmayar siyasa ce ta Kanada kuma tsohuwar mai kula da makaranta a Surrey, British Columbia . Mai tsayin daka na Roman Katolika, an san ta sosai da ra'ayinta na adawa da luwaɗi, zubar da ciki, da Ilimin jima'i.

Ita da mijinta Bill sun shiga cikin kirkirar Jam'iyyar Tarihin Kirista a shekarar 1984 bayan mutane da yawa sun tattauna batun irin wannan jam'iyya, wanda aka yi rajista tare da Zabe na Kanada a watan Yunin 1986.

Daga watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1993 zuwa watan Maris na shekara ta 1994 ita ce shugabar jam'iyyar ta wucin gadi kuma ta yi takara a zaben tarayya na shekara ta 1993. Ɗaya daga cikin manufofi mafi rikitarwa na Manufofin Jam'iyyar Tarihin Kirista shine Sashe na 6.4.3. wanda ya ce: "Game da jin daɗin 'yan ƙasa na wannan ƙasa, muna son sake aikata laifuka a cikin Dokar Laifuka ta Kanada kisan yara da aka haifa, karkatar da jima'i, da batsa. " Ta shiga tseren jagoranci na CHP a taron 1994, amma ta janye kuma a maimakon haka ta gudu don shugabancin jam'iyyar.

Heather Stilwell kuma ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaban zartarwa kuma shugabar jam'iyyar Family Coalition Party ta British Columbia wacce daga baya ta haɗu da Jam'iyyar Unity Party ta British Colombia . Stilwell ya yi nasara ba tare da nasara ba a zaben lardin na 2001, a matsayin dan takara a hawa Surrey-Panorama Ridge .

Ta kasance memba na kwamitin kasa kuma Mai Kula da Yammacin Yammacin kungiyar adawa da zubar da ciki Campaign Life Coalition, wanda ya yi tsayayya da abin da ta kira "yancin musamman ga masu luwadi".

She was President of the Alliance for Life, a national anti-abortion group based in Winnipeg, Manitoba and one-time President of the Surrey-Delta Pro-Life Association, the Pro-life Society of British Columbia, the Surrey-Delta Alliance For Life and the federal (Canadian) Alliance for Life. She was a member of the socially conservative lobby group REAL Women of Canada.
&#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Mutuwa
A shekara ta 2008, ta yi murabus daga hukumar makaranta lokacin da aka gano ta da ciwon nono. Ta mutu daga ciwon daji a ranar 4 ga Disamba, 2010, tana da shekaru 66. 

## Manazarta
St Michael's Grammar School

**Makarantar St Michael's Grammar makaranta** ce ta Anglican mai zaman kanta a Ostiraliya wacce ke da makarantun firamare da sakandare guda biyu, wacce ke cikin unguwar Melbourne da ke St Kilda, Victoria.

An kafa St Michael's a shekarar 1895 ta hanyar Community of the Sisters of the Church kuma yana nan a wurin da yake a asali a harabar jami'a ɗaya. Makarantar tana da alaƙa da Anglican Diocese na Melbourne kuma memba ce ta Ƙungiyar Makarantun Haɗaka (ACS) da Ƙungiyar Shugabannin Makarantu ta Ostiraliya.

Makarantar tana koyar da ɗalibai daga makarantar renon yara ta shekara 3 zuwa makarantar Victorian Certificate of Education (VCE), wanda duk ɗaliban aji 12 a St Michael's suka kammala karatunsu.

## Tarihi

### Gidauniya

A shekarar 1870, Mother Emily Ayckbowm ta kafa Community of the Sisters of the Church, sabuwar kungiyar addini ta Anglican. An gayyaci wannan umarni zuwa Ostiraliya don ci gaba da aikin ilimi ga 'yan mata, kuma St Michael's yana ɗaya daga cikin makarantu shida da aka kafa a sassa daban-daban na Ostiraliya. Sun kuma kafa makarantu a Ingila, New Zealand da Kanada . Makarantun, waɗanda aka sani da The Emily Group, suna da irin wannan tushe, waliyyi da kuma labarin kafa, duk da haka, duk sun bambanta ta hanyoyi masu mahimmanci, wanda ke wadatar da bambancin ƙungiyar. St Michael's ita ce makarantar ilimi ta haɗin gwiwa guda ɗaya tilo a cikin ƙungiyar. A ranar 23 ga Afrilu 1895, a Marlton Crescent, St Kilda, Sisters sun buɗe makarantar firamare mai zurfi: Makarantar Kwanaki ta Cocin Ingila (wanda yanzu ita ce St Michael's). [ ana buƙatar ambato ]

### ƙarni na 20
A shekarar 1972, an kafa Makarantar 'Yan Mata ta St Michael's Church of England Girls Grammar School Pty Ltd (wanda daga baya aka kafa shi bisa garanti) a shekarar 1972 don kula da Makarantar. An gabatar da ra'ayin sanya makarantar ta zama mai ilimi tare. A shekarar 1974 aka kafa wani ƙaramin kwamiti na ilimi tare, kuma Makarantar ta fara tafiyarta ta ilimi tare. A shekarar 1980, tare da naɗa sabon Shugaban Makaranta, Anthony Hewison,  an yanke shawarar shigar da yara maza a dukkan matakan makarantar, don haka ta zama cikakkiyar mai ilimi tare, da kuma fara sabunta makarantar.

## Manazarta
Tom Burpee

An zabi Henry Thomas Burpee (1885-1972) [1] a matsayin shugaban farko na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Kanada a watan Mayu 1921. William Moriarty ne ya gaje shi a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1921.[2] Kamar yadda ya fi so ya kula da aikin jama'a da kuma aikin gudanarwa, ya shirya makaranta inda baƙi za su iya koyon Turanci.[3] Ya kasance mai aiki tare da jam'iyyar har tsawon rayuwarsa kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin mambobi uku da suka kafa jam'iyyar a bikin cika shekaru hamsin a shekarar 1971.[1]

## Manazarta
George Hewison

**George Hewison** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1944) mawaƙi ne na ƙasar Kanada, ɗan ƙungiyar kwadago kuma tsohon ɗan siyasa. Ya kasance memba na dogon lokaci na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Kanada kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban sakatare jam'iyyar daga 1988 zuwa 1992. 

## Rayuwa ta farko
Mahaifin Hewison, "Jack" Hewison ya yi hijira zuwa Kanada daga Scotland kuma ya zauna a Campbell River, British Columbia, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin masunta kuma ya zama sakataren ƙungiyarsa ta gida. Ya kasance memba na kafa kungiyar hadin gwiwar Commonwealth amma ya zama mai sanyin gwiwa tare da CCF a lokacin Yaƙin Cold . Ya shiga jam'iyyar Labor-Progressive Party (kamar yadda aka sani da Jam'iyyar Kwaminis) a 1953 bayan shugabannin CCF sun goyi bayan wani hari da Hal Banks da kungiyar Seafarers International Union suka yi a kan kungiyar Hewison, United Fishermen and Allied Workers' Union. Kafin harin, an kori UFAWU daga Ma'aikatar Kasuwanci da Kwadago ta Kanada saboda jagorancin Kwaminisanci.

Hewison ya girma a Campbell River, British Columbia, yana sayar da jaridar jam'iyyar kuma ya shiga Jam'iyyar Kwaminis da ƙungiyar masunta yana da shekara 17. Ya girma a cikin iyali na kiɗa kafin talabijin kuma ya fara yin wasan kwaikwayo na jama'a lokacin da muryarsa ta canza daga soprano zuwa bass a shekarar 1960. Baya ga aikinsa da gwagwarmayarsa ta siyasa, Hewison koyaushe yana ganin kiɗa a matsayin muhimmin bangare na rayuwarsa.

## Kungiyar kwadago
A shekara ta 1965 ya zama mai shirya cikakken lokaci ga ƙungiyarsa kuma a shekara ta 1973, an zabi Hewison a matsayin wakilin kasuwanci na United Fishermen and Allied Workers Union a British Columbia,   kuma ya zama sakataren-mai ba da kuɗi na ƙungiyar a shekara ta 1977, ya kasance a cikin matsayi har zuwa 1985 lokacin da ya bar ƙungiyar ya koma Toronto don ya zama sakatarayyar aiki a Kwamitin Zartarwa na Tsakiya na Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci.

Yayinda yake jami'in ƙungiyarsa, Hewison ya wakilci masunta na yammacin gabar teku a cikin gwamnatin biyu zuwa tattaunawar gwamnati tare da Amurka kan iyakoki da batutuwan kamun kifi. Ya jagoranci masu fafutuka da yawa zuwa babban birnin lardin da na kasar. A matsayinsa na Mataimakin Shugaban Majalisar Ma'aikata ta Vancouver da Gundumar, ya fara tsayayya mai yawa ga dokokin 26 da gwamnatin British Columbia Social Credit Party ta gabatar a 1983 wanda daga baya ya zama "Operation Solidarity". A duk wannan lokacin, ya ci gaba da amfani da muryarsa da guitar a matsayin kayan aikin da ya fi so don inganta bukatun masu aiki.

## Tarihin zabe

## Manazarta
Makarantar Grammar ta Lowther Hall

**Makarantar Nahawu ta Anglican ta Lowther Hall**, wacce aka fi sani da **Lowther Hall**, makaranta ce mai zaman kanta, mai cike da jinsi ɗaya da sakandare ga 'yan mata, wacce ke Essendon, wani yanki na cikin Melbourne, Victoria, Ostiraliya.

An kafa makarantar a shekarar 1920, kuma tana da tsarin rajista ba tare da zaɓe ba kuma a halin yanzu tana kula da ɗalibai 900 daga Kindergarten zuwa Aji na 12.

Lowther Hall tana da alaƙa da Ƙungiyar Shugabannin Makarantun 'Yancin Kai ta Ostiraliya (AHISA), [1] Ƙungiyar Shugabannin Makarantun 'Yanci ta Ostiraliya (JSHAA), [2] Ƙungiyar Makarantun 'Yan Mata ta Australasia (AGSA), [3] Ƙungiyar Makarantun 'Yanci ta Victoria (AISV), [4] kuma memba ce ta kafa ƙungiyar ' Yan Matan Wasannin Victoria (GSV).[5]

## Tarihi
Lowerther Hall ya ƙunshi gine-gine da yawa, waɗanda shekarunsu suka bambanta. A tsakiyar makarantar akwai "Earlsbrae Hall", wanda ɗalibai, iyaye da ma'aikata suka fi sani da "The Mansion".  WK Noble ne ya gina shi tsawon shekaru biyu, bisa ga ƙirar da fitaccen mai zane, RA Lawson, ya yi wa mai yin giya, Collier McCracken. An kammala shi a shekarar 1890, wajen gidan yana kama da haikalin Graeco-Roman tare da ginshiƙan Corinthian. A cikin gidan akwai amfani mai yawa na katako da aka sassaka da tagogi masu launi.&#x5B; ** &#x5D;

A shekarar 1911, EW Cole, mamallakin Cole's Book Arcade, ya sayi Earlsbrae Hall.

An fara makarantar ne a shekarar 1920. Ya samo asali ne daga haɗakar Kwalejin Mata ta Blinkbonnie da Makarantar Mata ta Winstow. Sunan Lowther Hall ya fito ne daga Bishop na Melbourne, Lowther Clarke. A shekarar 1928 aka naɗa Elizabeth Kilgour Kirkhope a matsayin shugaba kuma ta jagoranci makarantar a cikin mawuyacin hali. Ta tafi ta shiga Makarantar Mata ta Lauriston a shekarar 1933 kuma a shekarar 1935 ta sayi wannan makarantar. 

## Manazarta
Makarantar 'yan mata ta Camberwell

**Makarantar Grammar 'Yan Mata ta Camberwell makaranta** ce mai zaman kanta ta koyar da yara ƙanana a Anglican, firamare da sakandare ga 'yan mata, wacce ke Canterbury, wani yanki na gabashin Melbourne, Victoria, Ostiraliya. An kafa makarantar a shekarar 1920 a zauren cocin St Mark da ke Camberwell, kuma tana maraba da ɗaliban al'adu daban-daban kuma a halin yanzu tana kula da ɗalibai 820 daga farkon koyo zuwa aji na 12.

Makarantar memba ce ta Ƙungiyar Shugabannin Makarantun 'Yancin Kai ta Ostiraliya,  Ƙungiyar Shugabannin Makarantun Matasa ta Ostiraliya,  Ƙungiyar Makarantun 'Yan Mata ta Australasia,  Ƙungiyar Makarantun 'Yancin Kai ta Victoria,  kuma memba ce ta kafa ƙungiyar ' Yan Mata ta Sport Victoria.

## Tarihi
An kafa Makarantar Grammar 'Yan Mata ta Camberwell a watan Fabrairun 1920. A ƙarƙashin jagorancin Babban Bishop na Melbourne, Henry Lowther Clarke, membobin cocin St Mark da ke Camberwell sun fara wani muhimmin aiki. A ƙarƙashin jagorancin babban limamin cocin, Hubert Brooksbank, sun kafa Makarantar St Mark's Parish.

Da dala 1,000 kacal, Brooksbank ya gina ɗakin tubali don makarantar ta yi aiki. An buɗe makarantar da ɗalibai takwas, maza da mata, kuma ta bunƙasa kuma zuwa 1925 akwai ɗalibai 70 kuma zuwa 1926 makarantar ta fi ƙarfin gidanta. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

A ƙarshen shekarar 1926, majalisar makarantar ta sayi "Torrington", wani gida da ke kusa, kan dala $7,500. Da yake gefen titunan Torrington da Woodstock, kadarorin suna cikin kyakkyawan yanayi. Filin da babban ginin suna da damar zama makaranta. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

A lokacin hutun Kirsimeti na 1926, membobin majalisar da iyalai sun yi aiki a gidan "Torrington" kuma a watan Fabrairun 1927 makarantar ta koma sabon gidanta. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

A watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1964, Makarantar 'Yan Mata ta Ormiston, makarantar 'yan mata mafi tsufa a babban yankin Ostiraliya kuma mafi tsufa a Victoria, ta amince da tayin hadewa da Makarantar Grammar 'Yan Mata ta Camberwell. A shekara mai zuwa, makarantun biyu sun hade a matsayin daya. [ ana buƙatar ambato ]

## Manazarta
Makarantar Grammar ta Camberwell

**Makarantar Grammar ta Camberwell makaranta** ce mai zaman kanta, wacce ke koyar da yara maza a firamare da sakandare na Anglican, wacce ke Canterbury, wani yanki na gabashin Melbourne, Victoria, Ostiraliya.

An kafa Makarantar Grammar Cocin Camberwell ta Ingila a kan Prospect Hill a shekarar 1886. A watan Yulin 1891 , William A. Gosman da Alfred S. Hall, [1] suka sake buɗe ta, a matsayin shugabannin makarantar. A farkon shekarunta, makarantar tana da wurare da dama a cikin da kewayen yankin Camberwell, Victoria. Ta mamaye wurin da ke kan titin Mont Albert a kan Golden Mile na Canterbury tun daga shekarar 1935.

Makarantar a halin yanzu  tana da kimanin ɗalibai 1,300. Makarantar ta kasu kashi uku; Makarantar Ƙarami (kafin shiri - Shekara ta 5), Makarantar Tsakiya (Shekara ta 6 - Shekara ta 8) da Makarantar Sakandare (Shekara ta 9 - Shekara ta 12).

## Shugabanni da manyan jami'ai
An sami jimillar shugabannin makarantu goma a Makarantar Grammar ta Camberwell tun lokacin da aka kafa makarantar a shekarar 1886. Shugaban makarantar Camberwell Grammar na yanzu ko kuma a yanzu shine Ben Jeacocke (tun daga Janairu 2025). 

## Manhaja ta Manhaja
Camberwell Grammar tana ba da Takardar Shaidar Ilimi ta Victorian (VCE) ga duk ɗaliban Aji 11 da 12,  da kuma ba wa wasu ɗalibai damar shiga wasu sassan VCE da VET 1 da 2 a Aji 10 a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirye-shiryen ci gaba.

## Manazarta
William Kashtan

**William Kashtan** (27 Yuni 1909  - 1993) ya kasance Babban sakatare na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Kanada na tsawon shekaru 23 tun daga watan Janairun 1965, watanni da yawa bayan mutuwar Leslie Morris, har sai da ya yi ritaya a shekarar 1988. Wannan jinkirin da ya samu a matsayin ya faru ne saboda adawar Tim Buck da aka yi wa nadin sa.

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haifi Kashtan a Montreal, Quebec a cikin 1909. A shekara ta 1927, yana da shekaru 18, ya shiga kungiyar Young Communist League . Shekaru biyu bayan haka, ya koma kudancin Ontario don shirya YCL a can sannan ya zama babban sakataren kungiyar a 1930. A shekara ta 1936, ya taimaka wajen gano Majalisar Matasan Kanada wacce, a mafi girma, tana da mambobi sama da 400,000.

Ya ziyarci Spain a farkon Yaƙin basasar Spain kuma a lokacin da ya dawo ya taimaka wajen shirya Battalion Mackenzie-Papineau . 

Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na II ya yi aiki a matsayin mai shirya Toronto na Jam'iyyar Labor-Progressive, kamar yadda aka san Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci daga 1943 zuwa 1959, kuma ya yi aiki daga baya a matsayin darektan masana'antu, sakataren aiki da kuma mai shirya tsakiya. 

Ya kasance dan takara na jam'iyyar Labour-Progressive Party sannan kuma Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Kanada kuma ya zama babban sakataren jam'iyyar a shekarar 1965, duk da adawar shugaban jam'iyyar kuma shugaban dogon lokaci Tim Buck.

Kashtan bai taba samun nasara a zaben House of Commons na Kanada ba, kuma ya yi ritaya a shekarar 1988. Ya kasance mai bin addinin Orthodox, mai goyon bayan Kwaminisanci na Moscow kuma ya ci gaba da tallafawa Tarayyar Soviet ta hanyar sauye-sauye daban-daban a manufofi a Kremlin. Kashtan ya yi tsayayya da Kwaminisanci na Turai a cikin shekarun 1970 lokacin da wasu Jam'iyyun Kwaminisancin da yawa a yamma suka rungume shi.

## Tarihin zabe

## Manazarta