Fadar Heliopolis

**Fadar Heliopolis** (Larabci: قصر رئاسة الجمهورية, Kasr Riasat Al Gomhouria, "Fadar Fadar Shugabancin Jamhuriyar" ko قصر الاتحادية Kasr Al Ittihadia, "Fadar Fadar Shugaban kasa, Fadar Shugaban kasa ta Masar") tana daya daga cikin manyan wuraren zama na Masar, da fadar shugaban kasa. Fadar Montaza da fadar Ras El Tin, don ofishin zartarwa na Shugaban Masar. Tana cikin unguwar Heliopolis, arewa maso gabashin tsakiyar birnin Alkahira da gabashin kogin Nilu a kasar Masar. An gina shi ne a matsayin babban otal na Heliopolis Palace a cikin 1910. Yanzu an yi amfani da shi don amfani da Shugaban Masar.

## Tarihi

### Otal din Heliopolis Palace (1910-1958)

An gina fadar ne da farko a matsayin *Otal din Heliopolis Palace* mai tsada a cikin hamada daga 1908 zuwa 1910, yayin da ci gaban sabon unguwar ya fara a kusa da shi, ta Kamfanin Heliopolis Oases Company ke ci gaba. Ernest Jaspar ne ya tsara otal ɗin a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban aikin Heliopolis wanda Édouard Empain ke yi.

An sanar da shi a matsayin otal mafi kyau a Afirka da Gabas ta Tsakiya, Otal din Heliopolis Palace ya zama, saboda babban gine-ginensa, wuri na musamman ga baƙi ciki har da sarakunan kasashen waje da manyan 'yan kasuwa na duniya. Baƙi sun haɗa da Milton S. Hershey da Sarki Albert I da Sarauniya Elisabeth na Belgium .

A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na farko, an canza Otal din Heliopolis Palace zuwa Asibitin soja na sojojin Australiya. Asibitin ya dauki dalibai da nuns daga Collège du Sacré-Cœur da ke kusa. Asibitin yana daya daga cikin mafi girma kuma mafi girma a cikin kamfen ɗin kuma an kira shi a cikin manema labarai na Australiya a matsayin "asibitin a cikin fadar".  Ya yi amfani da ambulances kuma yana da gadaje da alfarwa da aka jera mil a kan hanya, yana sa ya iya kula da dubban sojojin Commonwealth a lokaci guda. 

### Na wucin gadi (1958-1980)
A shekara ta 1958, gwamnatin Masar ta sayi otal ɗin kuma ta rufe shi. An yi amfani da shi don zama ofisoshin gwamnati. A watan Janairun 1972, ginin ya zama hedkwatar Tarayyar Jamhuriyar Larabawa, gajeren ƙungiyar siyasa tsakanin Masar, Libya da Siriya, wanda ya ba shi sunan Larabci na yanzu na  ** ("Fadar Tarayya").

### Gidan sarauta na shugaban kasa

A cikin shekarun 1980s, bayan babban gyare-gyare da sake farfadowa, ginin ya zama fadar shugaban kasar Masar da hedkwatar gwamnatin sabon shugaban, Hosni Mubarak. A yau watakila yana daya daga cikin fadar shugaban kasa da aka ƙuntata game da samun dama. An kewaye shi da lambuna masu sauƙi.

A ranar 4 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2012, masu zanga-zangar da ke adawa da sanarwar kundin tsarin mulki ta Morsi na 2012 sun yi karo da magoya bayan Morsi (musamman mambobin Muslim Brotherhood) washegari bayan sun kai musu hari. Rikicin ya haifar da akalla mutuwar mutane 10 ga bangarorin biyu, daruruwan raunin da kuma sa hannun jami'an tsaro, musamman ma Jami'an Tsaro da Sojojin Tsaro na Tsakiya. An dawo da tsari a ranar 6 ga watan Disamba.

## Gine-gine
Otal din mai mahimmanci ya tsara shi ne ta hanyar gine-ginen Belgium Ernest Jaspar. Ya gabatar da salon gine-ginen Heliopolis na gida, haɗin gwiwar Farisa, Moorish Revival, Musulunci, da gine-ginin Neoclassical na Turai. Kamfanonin kwangila Leon Rolin & Co. da Padova, Dentamaro & Ferro ne suka gina shi, manyan 'yan kwangila biyu a Misira a lokacin. Siemens & Schuepert na Berlin sun sanya gidan yanar gizon otal ɗin na igiyoyin lantarki da shigarwa. Kayan aiki sun kasance daidai da ka'idojin zamani na zamaninsu. Ayyukan otal ɗin suna ƙarƙashin gudanarwar Faransa.

Tsarin gine-ginen Heliopolis, wanda ke da alhakin gine-gine masu ban sha'awa da yawa a cikin Heliopolis. Otal din yana da dakuna 400, ciki har da gidaje masu zaman kansu 55. Bayan zauren liyafar Moorish Revival an yi wa ɗakuna biyu na jama'a ado sosai a cikin salon Louis XIV da Louis XV. Bayan waɗannan shine Babban Gidan, wurin cin abinci na jama'a na farko tare da kyawawan kyawawan kyaun.

Gidan Babban Gidan, mai ban tsoro ga baƙi, ya auna mita 55 (180  daga bene zuwa rufin. Alexander Marcel na Cibiyar Faransanci ne ya tsara ɗakin gine-ginen  mita 589 (6,340 sq , kuma Georges-Louis Claude ne ya yi masa ado. ginshiƙai ashirin da biyu na marmara na Italiya sun kewaye bene har zuwa rufin rufi. An rufe zauren da Kafet na Farisa mai kyau kuma yana da manyan bangarorin bango da kuma murfin marmara mai yawa. A gefe ɗaya na Hal na Tsakiya shine Grillroom da ke zaune baƙi 150, kuma a ɗayan kuma shine zauren billar, tare da teburin billar Burtaniya na Thurston guda biyu da kuma Faransanci 'marasa farashi'. Gidajen biki masu zaman kansu sun kasance babba kuma suna da kyau.

An ba da umarnin kayan mahogany daga Maple na Landan. Fitila, fitila, da fitilu na 'Halin Gabas ta Gabas' da aka yi a Damascus, an rataye su a ko'ina, an dakatar da su kamar alamun Stalactite. Gidan da ke sama yana dauke da karatun katako da ɗakunan katin da Krieger na Paris ya bayar. Gidan da wuraren ma'aikata sun kasance babba sosai har aka shigar da hanyar jirgin kasa mai ma'auni wanda ke gudana a tsawon otal ɗin, yana wucewa ta ofisoshi, ɗakunan abinci, ɗakunan ajiya, ɗakunan adanawa da ma'aikatan.

## Dubi kuma

* Heliopolis na Dā
* Heliopolis na zamani
* Sabuwar Birnin Heliopolis
* Fadar Koubbeh
* Jirgin kasa na Alkahira da Kamfanin Heliopolis Oases

## Manazarta