Ximena Cuevas

**Ximena Cuevas**(an haife shi a shekara ta 1963)ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na bidiyo na Mexico.Ayyukanta sukan bincika batutuwan zamantakewa da jinsi da ke fuskantar 'yan madigo a Mexico.Bidiyo da fina-finai na Cuevas sun nuna a Sundance, New York's Museum of Modern Art, Guggenheim Museum,

Ita ce ɗaya daga cikin masu yin bidiyo na farko a Mexico waɗanda cibiyoyin al'adu suka halatta.An nuna fina-finanta a cikin bukukuwa irin su Sundance,New York Film Festival,da jerin fina-finai na yawon shakatawa,Cinema Meexperimental.Daga cikin sanannun ayyukanta akwai shirin bidiyo na 1993 mai suna *Corazon Sangrante*.Har ila yau,ana nuna ayyukanta a cibiyoyin fasaha irin su Berkeley Art Museum,Museum of Art Museum of San Diego,Museo Universitario de Arte Contemporáneo de la Ciudad de México, New York's Guggenheim Museum da Museum of Modern Art,wanda a cikin 2001 ya kara tara daga cikinta.yana aiki zuwa tarin bidiyon su.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Ximena Cuevas a shekara ta 1963 a birnin Mexico.Ita ce 'yar ta biyu na auren Bertha Riestra.,masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam kuma mai gabatar da al'adu da José Luis Cuevas,mai zane-zane,wanda ya yi tasiri sosai a kan ilimin farko na Ximena:"a matsayin ƙarami. yaro Ina kusa da teburin zanensa,na sha'awar ganin duk waɗannan layi tare da rayuwarsu ko ta yaya(. . . )"

Bayan ta zauna tare da danginta wurare daban-daban kamar Mexico City, Cuernavaca,Paris,da New York,Cuevas ta yanke shawarar yin aiki a sinima,da farko a matsayin mataimaki sannan daga baya, ta ci gaba da aiki tare da daraktoci kamar Konstantinos Costa-Gavras,John Schlesinger,John Houston,da Arturo Ripstein.

A cikin shekarar 1979 ta fara aiki a Gidan Taskar Fina-Finai ta Cineteca Nacional a Mexico City tana gyara fina-finai ta hanyar yanke wuraren da gwamnati ta tantance. Wannan kwarewa ta sa ta sha'awar fim da hoton mai motsi.

A farkon 80s,wanda ya motsa hanyar da Pola Weiss ya buɗe,Andrea di Castro y Sarah Minter,Cuevas ya fara la'akari da cinema na gwaji yiwuwar bincikenta na fasaha,wanda ya kafa Cosa Nostra a cikin 90s tare da Rafael Curquidi, Doménico.Campelo,Eduardo Vélez, da sauransu,wannan wani nau'in"mafia ne" wanda ya yi kama da shigar da yanayin fim ba tare da mahallin ba.

Bayan hasashe a cikin Gidan Tarihi na Anthropology a cikin Satumban shekarar 1992, marubucin Jorge Ayala Blanco ya yaba wa wannan rukunin sosai kan labarinsa"Viva el Post Cine".

Wannan abubuwan da sha'awar wasan ke jagoranta sun sami sakamako mai ma'ana na yaren bidiyo na musamman.An gane aikin Cuevas a matsayin gudunmawar da ta dace ga mahallin shekaru ashirin na ƙarshe na karni na 20 da shekaru goma na farko na karni na 21st,musamman a Mexico.Sau da yawa aikinta yana yin sharhi ne kan al'adu,siyasa da al'amuran zamantakewa ta hanyar yin amfani da ban tsoro, ta binciko wannan ta fuskar mata rawar da mata ke takawa a cikin al'ummar wannan zamani.

Madigo da sanin jinsi suma jigogi ne masu maimaitawa a cikin aikinta.Bayan aikinta na zane-zane,ta kuma yi aiki a samarwa,daidaitawa,da gyarawa tare da Marcela Fernández Violante (wanda Ximena ta shirya gajeriyar De cuerpo presente,1997),Jesusa Rodriguez (Víctimas del Pecado Neoliberal,1995)da Astrid Hadaad (Las Reinas).Chulas],kuma a cikin 2015,ta hanyar gayyatar Isela Vega,don yin aiki a kan girmama aikin shekaru 40 na mawaƙa Juan Gabriel,mai ba da shawara kan al'adun gargajiyar Mexica.Tun 2011 Cuevas yana zaune a ciki da waje a cikin jihar Guerrero kuma yana da hannu sosai a ƙoƙarin kiyaye muhalli tare da kunkuru na teku.

## Aiki
An gane Cuevas a matsayin babban mai ba da gudummawa ga daukar hoto ta gwamnatin Mexico.Yawancin fina-finanta suna ba da sharhin zamantakewa kan cin hanci da rashawa da tasirinsa ga al'adu,al'umma da siyasa tare da bincika ta fuskar mata a matsayin matsayin mata a cikin al'umma.Madigo da sifofinta na al'umma suma jigo ne mai maimaitawa. 

Tun daga shekara ta 1990,bayan da ta ji takaicin yadda ake yin fina-finan gargajiya a cikin ƙasa da ƙasa,Cuevas ta sayi kyamara kuma ta fara shirya nata fina-finan.Ta sami guraben karatu daga Asusun Al'adu da Fasaha na Mexica (FONCA),*Fideicomiso para la Cultura México*(Trust for Mexico Culture),wani Eastman Kodak na Duniya mai zaman kansa mai samar da fina-finai da sauransu kuma ya gabatar da gabatarwa a gidan kayan gargajiya na Berkeley.da Taskar Fina-Finan Pasifik,Gidan Tarihi na Art Art San Diego da Guggenheim na New York da Bilbao,Spain.

Aikin Cuevas an fi saninsa da wayonsa na kimanta al'umma ta zamani da kuma fallasa rashin jituwa tsakanin al'adun zamantakewa da imani tare da gaskiyar rayuwa ta amfani da haɗin gaskiya da almara.  Ta rushe tatsuniyoyi na "yankin tsakiyar aji na Mexico", alaƙar heteronormative, ra'ayoyin kyau, ta hanyar ba'a na ba'a na hoton gargajiya nasu a cikin shahararrun al'adu.  A cikin kalmominta, faifan bidiyonta sun fallasa "rabin karya" na tunanin Mexico na gama gari. 

The Sundance Film Festival,New York's Museum of Modern Art,da Guggenheim Museum,da kuma yawon shakatawa jerin fina-finai,Meexperimental Cinema,duk sun kasance wuraren da ake nunawa na fina-finai na Cuevas.Daga cikin sanannun ayyukanta akwai shirin bidiyo na 1993 mai suna"*Corazon Sangrante"* wanda ya sami karbuwa a matsayin *Tatu de Oro*(Golden Tattoo)mafi kyawun bidiyo na kiɗa.

A cikin 2011,Cuevas ta sanar da cewa ba za ta ƙara yin fina-finai na sharhin zamantakewa ba,amma a maimakon haka tana aiki akan wani aiki a Guerrero wanda aka sadaukar don kiyaye kunkuru na teku. 

## Kyauta
Ta sami lambobin yabo da yawa, gami da Takaddun Shaida daga Bikin Fim na Duniya na Chicago na 1993,Kyautar Barbara Aronofsky Latham Memorial a 2001 da lambar yabo a matsayin Mafi kyawun Bidiyo na Gwaji daga bikin Fim na 18th San Antonio a cikin 2012.

A cikin 2001,Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani a New York ya sami tara na bidiyon Cuevas don tarin dindindin,wanda shine karo na farko da aka haɗa aikin mai fasahar bidiyo na Mexico a cikin tarin MoMA.Bidiyoyinta ashirin da hudu suna cikin tarin MoMA.

## Hotunan bidiyo da aka zaɓa

* *Las 3 muertes de Lupe* (1983-84)
* *Noche de Paz* (1989)
* *Corazón Sangrante* (1993)
* *Un Dios para Cordelia* (1995)
* *Kama* (1998)
* *Hawai* (1999)
* *Rajistar Marca* (2001)
* *Turistas* (2001-2002)
* *Planetario* (2002)

## Nunin da aka zaɓa

* 1999 - "Cinema gwaji,"Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, Spain.
* 2004 - "Ximena Cuevas da Laboratory of Life,"Jami'ar California, Berkeley Art Museum da Pacific Film Archive .
* 2014 - "FOCO: Ximena Cuevas," Centro de Cultura Digital,Mexico City.
* 2014-"Pulso alterado:Intensidades en la colección del MUAC y sus colecciones asociadas,"Museo Universitario de Arte Contemporáneo,Mexico City.
* 2016-"Bidiyo:Zubar da Lokacin Utopian,"Jami'ar Mary Washington Galleries,Fredericksburg,VA.
* 2017-2018-"Matan Radical:Art American Art,1960-1985,"Hammer Museum,Los Angeles da Brooklyn Museum,New York.

## Nassoshi

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Tarin kayan tarihi na fasaha na zamani (MoMA).
*