Robert L. Owen

**Robert Latham Owen Jr.** (Fabrairu 2, 1856 - Yuli 19, 1947) ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin Sanatocin Amurka biyu na farko daga Oklahoma . Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Dattijai tsakanin 1907 da 1925.

An haife shi a cikin yanayi mai wadata a cikin antebellum Lynchburg, Virginia, ɗan shugaban kamfanin jirgin ƙasa, Owen ya sha wahala ta hanyar Tsoro na 1873 kuma mahaifinsa ya mutu yayin da yake matashi.

Owen, wanda Cherokee ne a gefen mahaifiyarsa, ya amsa ta hanyar zuwa yamma zuwa Yankin Indiya, inda ya gina sabuwar rayuwa a matsayin, bi da bi, malamin makaranta da ke aiki tare da marayu na Cherokee; lauya, mai gudanarwa da ɗan jarida; wakilin Indiya na tarayya; kuma wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban farko na bankin al'umma. Daga cikin nasarorin da suka kawo shi ga sanarwa ta jama'a, kuma ya taimaka wajen shirya hanyar da za a zabe shi zuwa Majalisar Dattijan Amurka a 1907 lokacin da Oklahoma (haɗe da tsohon yankin Indiya) ya sami zama jihar, shine nasararsa a matsayin lauya a 1906 wajen lashe babban shari'ar kotu a madadin Cherokees na Gabas da ke neman diyya daga Gwamnatin Amurka don ƙasashen gabashin da Cherokees suka rasa a lokacin da aka cire Indiya.

## Farkon rayuwar iyali
An haifi Owen a Lynchburg, Virginia, a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu, 1856, ƙarami cikin 'ya'ya maza biyu na Confederate Col. Robert L. Owen Sr. (1825-1873), injiniyan farar hula kuma tsohon mai binciken ƙasa wanda ya zama shugaban Virginia da Tennessee Railroad, da matarsa Narcissa Clark Chisholm Owen (Cherokee Nation ). Iyalinsa sun halarci Ikilisiyar Episcopal a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa.

Kakannin mahaifin Owen sun yi hijira daga Wales, kuma dangin suna da rikodin hidimar jama'a a matsayin likitoci da malamai. Kakansa, Dokta William Owen, da kawunsa, Dokta John Otway Owen Sr. (1820-1892), dukansu suna aiki da likita a Lynchburg, kuma wannan na ƙarshe ya yi aiki a matsayin babban likita mai kula da asibitoci talatin a Lynchbourg (wanda ya zama babban asibitin lokacin yaƙi) a duk lokacin yakin basasa. Mahaifinsa Robert Latham Owen Sr. ya yi aiki a Majalisar Dattijan Jihar Virginia bayan yakin basasar Amurka .

A lokacin yarinyar Owen, iyalin sun zauna a gidan da aka fi sani da shi na Lynchburg, Point of Honor . Owen ya halarci makarantu masu zaman kansu a Lynchburg da Baltimore, Maryland . 

## Ayyukan farko a Oklahoma
A kan shawarar Col. William Penn Adair, aboki na iyali, tsohon Colonel Confederate kuma jagora daga cikin Cherokees, Owen ya koma a 1879 zuwa Salina a Yankin Indiya (yanzu Salina, Oklahoma), inda aka karbe shi a matsayin ɗan ƙasa na Cherokee Nation. Ya yi aiki daga 1879 zuwa 1880 a matsayin babban malami na gidan marayu na Cherokee .  Mahaifiyarsa ta bi shi a 1880 kuma ta koyar da kiɗa na shekaru da yawa a Cibiyar Nazarin Mata ta Cherokee . 

Owen ya karanta doka kuma an shigar da shi cikin kotun a 1880. Daga 1881 zuwa 1884, ya yi aiki a matsayin sakataren kwamitin ilimi na Cherokee Nation,  kuma ya yi aiki kan sake tsara tsarin makarantar Cherokee. A layi daya, ya yi aiki a 1882, 1883, da 1884 a matsayin shugaban baje kolin Indiya na Duniya a Muskogee), baje kolin da aka gudanar a yankin Indiya a lokacin. Ya kasance mai mallakar kuma editan jaridar "Indian Chieftain",  wanda ke zaune a Vinita na yanzu, Oklahoma, a 1884.  A shekara ta 1885, tare da dan jam'iyyar Democrat a Fadar White House, Owen ya kaddamar da kamfen ɗin da ya ci nasara wanda ya ga an nada shi a matsayin Wakilin Indiya na tarayya don abin da ake kira Ƙungiyoyin Civilized guda biyar,  wanda wani dalibi ya bayyana a cikin aikinsa a matsayin "mafi mahimmancin matsayi da za a gudanar a Yankin Indiya". Ba tare da tsarin kotu ba, Owen ya inganta amfani da sasantawa na tilas don warware dubban shari'o'in farar hula tsakanin 1885 da 1889, lokacin da ya taimaka wajen kafa Kotun Amurka ta farko a yankin Indiya. Mahaifiyarsa ta yi aiki a matsayin mai masaukin baki har zuwa aurensa a ranar Sabuwar Shekara ta 1889 ga Daisy Deane Hester .  Ma'auratan suna da 'yar daya, Dorothea, an haife ta a shekara ta 1894.

## Manazarta