Sabon Gari

***Sabon Gari*** (mazaunin baƙi ko sabon gari a cikin harshen hausa ko **Sabo**, jam'i *Sabbin Garuruwa* ) yankin ne na birane da gari a Arewacin Najeriya kudu maso tsakiyar Niger da arewacin Kamaru waɗanda mazaunan su ba 'yan asalin ƙasar Hausa bane.

## Tarihi
Al'uomi  baƙi waɗanda ake ware masu unguwa daga asalin gari ko burnin da suka je l a Arewacin Najeriya da wasu yankuna na Yammacin Afirka tun kafin zuwan Turawan Ingila a kusan 1900. Kodayake wadannan mutane suna a kebe ne daga yankunan al'ummar Hausawa,amma mazaunan waɗannan al'ummomin suna ƙarƙashin ikon sarkin yankin.Wannan ya canza tsawon shekaru kasancewar banda Kano a arewacin Najeriya, Sabon Garis ya sauya zuwa na hadakar al'umomi a sauran birane. 

Zuwan turawan mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya karkashin Frederick Lugard da kuma gina sabbin layukan dogo ya haifar da kwararar ma'aikata da 'yan kasuwa daga Kudancin Najeriya.Bakin hauren, wadanda galibinsu ‘yan kabilar Ibo ne da Yarbawa, sun zauna a sababbin garuruwa ko *Sabon Garuruwa*, kamar yadda *Hausawan yankin ke kiran* wadannan sabbin garuruwan. Shelar Cantonments na 1914 ya sanya wannan tsarin na rarrabuwa.Sabon Garuruwa ya zama ajiyar 'yan ƙasar, wanda aka tanada a hukumance ga ma'aikatan gwamnati da kamfanonin kasuwanci, kuma a zahiri mazauna ba yan asalin Arewacin Najeriya ba ne. 

Turawan mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya a Arewacin Najeriya ba kai tsaye ba ne, suna barin sarakunan a kan mulki, duk da cewa suna cikin tsarin mulkin mallaka. Da farko Sarakuna ne ke kula da Sabon Garuruwa. Wannan ya canza tare da Dokar Gargajiya ta shekarar 1917,wacce ta sanya Sabon Garuruwa da mazaunansu a ƙarƙashin mulkin Burtaniya kai tsaye. An baiwa mazauna Sabon Gari 'yanci fiye da wadanda ke karkashin mulkin sarkin yankin. Misali,mazaunan Sabon Gari na iya tura wakilai zuwa kwamitin ba da shawara da ke da alhakin wata alƙarya,ko kuma su zaɓi tsakanin kotunan da ke zartar da dokar Musulmi ko ta Biritaniya. 

Sabon Garuruwa an kafa shi a duk manyan biranen Arewacin Najeriya, musamman a Kano, Kaduna da Zariya . Banda Maiduguri, wacce bata da Sabon Gari. Wani birni ko gari na Arewacin Najeriya zai ƙunshi tsohon gari a cikin ganuwar ganuwa kuma mazaunin Hausawan asalin ko Fulani. Sabon Gari zai dauki bakin haure galibi daga Kudancin Najeriya. *Tudun Wada* zai dauke mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya wadanda ba 'yan asalin yankin ba. Bature zai zauna a Yankin erasashen Turai. 

Yawancin lokaci rarrabuwa mai mahimmanci na farko zai rabu wani ɓangare. Daga karshe wani sabon Gari zai kasance mai dauke da dimbin mutane daga kowane bangare na Najeriya da kuma wasu yankuna daga Yammacin Afirka. Misali, a shekarar 1939 an wakilci kabilu daban-daban a Sabon Gari na Kaduna kamar haka: 27% na Hausa, 11% na Igbo ne, 19% na Yarabawa, 15% na Nupe ne da 28% sauran kabilun.

## Sabin Garuruwa a yau
Ko a yau Sabon Garuruwa galibi mazauna Kudancin Najeriya ne. Rikicin kabilanci tsakanin kungiyoyi daga kudanci da arewacin Najeriya na haifar da tarzoma akai-akai a Sabon Garuruwa na biranen arewacin. Tare da gabatar da Shari'a a jihohin arewacin Najeriya wasu Sabon Garuruwa tare da galibinsu mabiya addinin kirista sun zama wurin da aka haramta ayyukan hukuma kamar shan giya, caca da karuwanci.  Zinder da Maradi, su ne manyan garuruwan Hausawa biyu a cikin yankin kudu maso gabas masu jin harshen Hausa a Nijar suna riƙe da gundumomin Sabon Gari.  

## Duba kuma

* Sabon Gari, Jihar Kaduna 

## Manazarta