Jane Howard, Countess na Westmorland

**Jane Neville** ( *née* **Howard** ), **Countess ta Westmorland** (1533/37 – an binne ta a ranar 30 ga Yuni 1593), wata fitacciyar mace ce 'yar Ingila wacce ta taka rawa a tawayen Arewa a shekarar 1569 a kan Elizabeth ta ɗaya ta Ingila. 

An haifi Jane tsakanin 1533 da 1537,  kodayake mai yiwuwa ne zuwa ƙarshen ƙarshe, in ba haka ba za ta kasance shekaru tara fiye da mijinta na gaba, kasancewar ita ce ta farko ko ta biyu cikin 'ya'ya biyar na Henry Howard, Earl na Surrey da matarsa Lady Frances de Vere. Kakanninta a gefen mahaifinta sune Thomas Howard, Duke na 3 na Norfolk, da Elizabeth Stafford . Kakanninta na uwa sune John de Vere, 15th Earl na Oxford, da Elizabeth Trussell .

Jane Howard tana da 'yan'uwa maza biyu, Thomas Howard, Duke na 4 na Norfolk, da Henry Howard, 1st Earl na Northampton, da' yan'uwa mata biyu, Katherine Howard, wanda ya auri Henry Berkeley, 7th Baron Berkeley, da Margaret Howard, wanda suka auri Henry Scrope, 9th Baron Scrope na Bolton. An haifi 'yar uwar Jane Howard, Margaret, bayan kisan mahaifinta.

## Rayuwa
Mahaifin Jane Howard, Earl na Surrey, an gwada shi kuma an yanke masa hukunci kan cin amana a Guildhall a ranar 13 ga Janairun 1547, kuma an fille shi a Tower Hill a ranar 19 ga Janairu 1547. A shekara ta 1548 an sanya 'ya'yansa a hannun kawunansu, Mary FitzRoy, wanda ya nada Masanin shahadar, John Foxe, a matsayin mai koyar da su. A karkashin Foxe, Jane ta koyi Latin da Girkanci har zuwa matakin da za ta iya "tsayayya da maza masu ilimi na zamani".

Duk da cewa Foxe ne ya ilimantar da shi, wanda sanannen Furotesta ne, Jane Roman Katolika ne kamar yadda yawancin iyalinta suka kasance (mahaifinsa ya fadi daga wani bangare saboda shi Katolika ne kuma kakansa, Duke na 3 na Norfolk ya kasance fursuna a Hasumiya daga ƙarshen mulkin Henry na takwas kuma an tsare shi a duk lokacin mulkin Edward VI saboda wannan dalili, kodayake an sake shi a farkon mulkin Sarauniya Mary I ta Katolika).

Kimanin shekara ta 1563/4 Jane Howard ta auri Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland, wanda ya gaji bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu 1564.  A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1569 Westmorland ya shiga Earl na Northumberland a cikin tawaye na Arewa . Bayan nasarorin farko, Westmorland da Northumberland sun tilasta guduwa zuwa iyakar Scotland lokacin da Sarauniya Elizabeth I ta tura sojoji arewa a karkashin Earl na Sussex. Sussex ta ayyana 'yan tawaye na Westmorland da Northumberland a York a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba. Ba da daɗewa ba aka mika Northumberland ga Regent na Scotland, Earl na Moray . Koyaya Lord Kerr ya ba Westmorland mafaka a Ferniehirst Castle a Roxburghshire, kuma daga ƙarshe ya tsere ta teku a cikin 1570 zuwa Netherlands na Mutanen Espanya, inda ya kasance gudun hijira har zuwa mutuwarsa. A shekara ta 1571 an kai masa hari, kuma an rasa dukkan darajarsa. Bayan da mijinta mai kai hari, Sarauniya ta baiwa Jane fansho na £ 200 har abada.

A cikin abubuwan da suka faru kafin Tawayen Arewa a 1569, Countess ta fi mijinta muhimmanci wajen tara sojoji. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup> Tana da ilimi sosai amma wataƙila ba ta fi wayo a cikin mata ba idan ana maganar fahimtar makircin siyasa. Ita ce ta fara roƙon 'yan tawaye su tashi tsaye a kan Elizabeth, duk da haka ta yi tsammanin Sarauniya za ta yafe mata idan suka gaza. 

Countess ta yi fatan shirya auren ɗan'uwanta, Thomas Howard, Duke na 4 na Norfolk, da Maryamu, Sarauniyar Scotland, sannan ta sanya su duka a kan karagar mulkin Ingila, tare da shi, za a dawo da addinin Katolika a Ingila. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D; An kashe shi bisa laifin cin amanar ƙasa a shekara ta 1572 kuma ta zauna a gidan yari har tsawon rayuwarta. 

An binne Countess a ranar 30 ga Yuni 1593 a Kenninghall, Norfolk. 

Westmorland ta ci gaba da shiga cikin shirye-shiryen mamaye Ingila da maye gurbin Sarauniya Elizabeth da Mary, Sarauniyar Scotland . A shekara ta 1599 ya yi tunanin sake yin aure. Amaryarsa 'yar Shugaba Richardot ce. Westmorland ta mutu a ranar 16 ga Nuwamba, 1601 a Nieuwpoort, Flanders. A ranar 25 ga Yuni, 1604, an bai wa 'ya'yansa mata biyu, Katherine da Anne, fansho na maki 200 a shekara ta hannun Sarki James . Ɗan uwan Westmorland, Edmund Neville, ɗan Richard Neville tilo (wanda ya mutu a ranar 27 ga Mayu, 1590) [1] ta hannun Barbara Arden, 'yar William Arden [2] ta Park Hall, Warwickshire, ta yi nasarar mallakar ƙasar ba tare da nasara ba. [3]

## Manazarta