Ruth Blair

**Ruth Blair** (Maris 17, 1889 - Yuli 24, 1974)  ta kasance mai kula da ɗakin karatu na Amurka kuma mai adana bayanai a jihar Georgia ta Amurka. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta kasance masanin tarihin jihar Georgia kuma sakatariyar zartarwa ta farko ta Atlanta Historical Society .  Ta taimaka wajen shirya kungiyar Society of American Archivists a 1936. An kira ta Atlanta's Woman of the Year a shekarar 1955,  an kira ta "ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu adana bayanai a Amurka". 

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Ruth Blair a Douglas County, Jojiya a ranar 17 ga Maris, 1889,  ga Hiram Columbus Blair da Nancy Ann Blair (née Mozley). An haifi mahaifinta a shekara ta 1836 kuma ya yi aiki a cikin Sojojin Confederate; an haifi mahaifiyarta a shekara de 1851. Tana da 'yan uwa biyu, Lillian da Hiram Jr.
 Mahaifinta manomi ne mai cin nasara kuma ya wakilci Douglas County a cikin Babban Taron Georgia.  Mahaifinta ma ya yi aure sau ɗaya a baya, kuma saboda haka tana da 'yan uwa takwas ciki har da Daniel Webster Blair, wanda ya kasance babban alƙali na kotu.

Bayan rasuwar mahaifinta a 1901,  iyalin suka koma Lithia Springs, Jojiya. Blair ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta Austell da Kwalejin Cox kuma an kuma koyar da ita a matsayin mai zaman kansa  na tsawon shekaru biyu. Ta kuma dauki darussan dare a aikin jarida daga farfesa na Makarantar Fasaha ta Georgia da kuma darussan wasiƙa a Turanci, tarihi da fasaha daga Jami'ar Emory.

## Ayyuka
Blair ta fara aikinta na farko tare da jihar Georgia a matsayin mataimakiyar mai kula da ɗakin karatu na Jihar Georgia a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu, 1916. Ba ta da horo na yau da kullun a matsayin mai kula da ɗakin karatu, don haka ta koyi kan aikin a ƙarƙashin mace ta farko mai kula da gidan karatu na jihar Georgia, Maud Barker Cobb .An ɗaukaka ta zuwa mai kula da ɗakin karatu na majalisa a watan Satumbar 1918. Ta yi aiki a ɗakin karatu na jihar na shekaru da yawa, amma dole ne ta yi murabus a ƙarshen 1919 saboda cututtukan mutum da na iyali.

### Ma'aikatar Tarihi da Tarihi ta Georgia
A ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1921, ta ci gaba da aikinta a sabuwar sashen Tarihi da Tarihi na Georgia a matsayin sakatare a karkashin Lucian Lamar Knight. Knight ya bayyana ta a matsayin "mai iya taimaka masa" da kuma "mai bincike mai horar da shi tare da kyauta ta musamman ga ƙungiya". Knight ya shirya wa Blair ya kwashe mako guda a tarihin jihar a Boston a watan Yunin 1922 don nazarin hanyoyin su.

A shekara ta 1924, yayin da wa'adinsa na shekaru shida ya ƙare, Knight ya ki sake zaben da Hukumar Tarihin Georgia ta yi saboda rashin lafiya. Knight "ya ba da shawarar sosai" Blair a matsayin magajinsa. Ta fuskanci gasa daga wasu 'yan takara biyu: Mildred Lewis Rutherford da malami Charles M. Neel . Blair ya yi nasara da kuri'un bakwai zuwa uku. A ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1925 ta gaji Knight a matsayin darektan sashen kuma a matsayin masanin tarihin jihar Georgia,  mace ta farko da ta yi hakan. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin mata kalilan, ciki har da Marie Bankhead Owen da Margaret Cross Norton, waɗanda suka sami irin wannan matsayi a Amurka har zuwa wannan ranar. Kundin *Tsarin Mulki na Atlanta* ya yaba da nadin ta a matsayin girmamawa da aka biya wa matan Georgia da kuma sanar da "shekarun mace".

Ita ce ke da alhakin tattara Ofishin Jakadancin Georgia na 1925 zuwa 1931.  Ta kuma shirya kuma ta buga wasu wallafe-wallafe ta hanyar sashen. Koyaya, a lokacin wa'adin ta na biyu saurin bugawa ya ragu saboda rashin kuɗi.

Yankin da aka ba sashen a Jihar Georgia Capitol an iyakance shi. Kodayake an faɗaɗa shi a 1925, Blair ta yi kamfen don wuri mafi kyau ga sashen da tarin sa. Ta hanyar haɗin kai ta sami gudummawar  na tsohon Amos G. Rhodes a kan titin Peachtree zuwa jihar don wannan dalili. Gidan dutse mai ɗakuna ashirin yana dauke da tagogi na gilashi wanda aka keɓe ga Confederacy. An sake sunan ginin Rhodes Memorial Hall, kuma jihar ta amince da kyautar a shekarar 1929.

Ɗaya daga cikin sharuɗɗan canja wurin shine cewa koyaushe ana zama a gida. Blair ta cika wannan buƙata ta hanyar ƙaura cikin gida tare da ɗan'uwanta Hiram. An bude shi ne a ranar 10 ga Mayu, 1930. Biyu daga cikin ɗakuna na gidan an sadaukar da su ga al'ummomin tarihi da kishin ƙasa ciki har da Atlanta Historical Society, United Daughters of the Confederacy, da Daughters na 1812, da sauransu. An gudanar da abubuwan bude gida na yau da kullun waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yada aikin sashen kuma a wasu lokuta suna tara ƙarin kuɗi don aikinta.

A watan Agustan 1929, Babban Taron Georgia ya yi kira ga kowane yanki na jihar da ya nada masanin tarihi don tattara tarihin gundumarsu don cika shekaru 200 na jihar a 1932. Blair ya yi aiki tare da masana tarihi na gundumar don horar da su da kuma ba su shawara.

A watan Mayu 1933, Blair ita ce kadai mace a cikin kwamitin mambobi 21 da Joseph Henry Beale ya kirkira don shirya Kungiyar Tarihin Shari'a ta Amurka. A watan Maris na shekara ta 1936 ta kasance daya daga cikin mata biyu a kwamitin mambobi 10 don shirya Society of American Archivists (SAA). An zabe ta daya daga cikin 'yan majalisa biyar na wannan sabuwar kungiyar da aka kafa.

A cikin 1935, tare da wasu sanannun mata goma, ciki har da Martha McChesney Berry, Annie Jump Cannon, Caroline Pafford Miller, da Florence Sabin,  Jami'ar Oglethorpe ta ba ta lambar yabo ta Master of Public Service. 

A lokacin wa'adin ta na biyu a matsayin masanin tarihin jihar, barazanar rage kasafin kuɗi da sake tsara sashen ya tilasta Blair ta yi kira ga 'yancin sashen ta a babban birnin kuma ta nemi taimakon kungiyoyin waje. Ta yi nasara, amma ta yanke shawarar cewa ba ta da makoma a sashen. Blair ta bar aikinta a matsayin Masanin Tarihin Jiha a ƙarshen 1936, bayan wa'adin shekaru shida,  kuma Louise Frederick Hays ta gaje ta.

A lokacin wa'adin ta biyu, Blair ta shirya hanya ga wasu mata, gami da Mary G. Bryan, wacce ta fara ne a matsayin mataimakin Blair amma ta zama mai adana bayanai a shekarar 1951 kuma ita ce shugaban kasa na goma sha biyar na SAA.

### Cibiyar Tarihi ta Atlanta
Blair ya kasance memba ne na kafa  kuma sakatare-mai ba da kuɗi na Atlanta Historical Society tun daga lokacin da aka kafa shi a 1926.  A waɗancan kwanakin an shirya shi "a cikin jama'a". A ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1937, ta zama babban sakatare na farko  na kungiyar Atlanta,  tana gudanar da ita a matsayin ma'aikaci na cikakken lokaci.

An yi niyyar hayar ta za ta ƙarfafa kungiyar. Ɗaya daga cikin canje-canje na farko shine bayar da littafin su Atlanta Historical Journal akai-akai. An gudanar da tafiye-tafiye na tara kuɗi, kuma an yi shirye-shirye don kungiyar ta sami gini na dindindin a maimakon ofisoshin da suka hayar a baya. Blair ya fara kula da babban tarin rubuce-rubuce da kayan tarihi  wanda daga baya za a nuna shi a Cibiyar Tarihin Atlanta.

A shekara ta 1942, ta taimaka wajen shirya bikin cika shekaru 100 na Marthasville (sunan asali na Atlanta), gami da tsara tsarin tunawa da kofuna na kofi don wannan lokacin.

A shekara ta 1946, kungiyar ta sayi tsohon gidan Willis B. Jones (wanda Neel Reid ya tsara), kuma Blair ya sake kula da motsi na kungiyar zuwa tsohon gida a kan titin Peachtree. Wannan gidan yana dauke da dakuna 10 kuma yana da isasshen wuri don tarin al'umma. An buɗe sabon hedkwatar a hukumance a ranar 19 ga Afrilu, 1947.

 

A shekara ta 1955, Blair har yanzu yana kula da lokacin da kungiyar ta kai mambobi 1,000 da aka biya,  daga mambobi 44 a farkon kwanakin.  Ta cimma wannan ba tare da mataimaki ba har zuwa 1955.

Blair ta yi ritaya a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1956 kuma Allen P. Julian ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kungiyar Atlanta Historical Society.

## Rayuwa da mutuwarsa
A shekara ta 1919, ta shiga cikin 'yancin mata, yayin da Atlanta ta ba mata damar yin zabe a zaben fidda gwani na gari a wannan shekarar. A watan Mayu ta kasance daya daga cikin mata 400 na farko da suka yi rajista don samun cancanta don yin zabe. Daga baya ta halarci tarurrukan League of Women Voters na gida tare da dan uwanta, Mrs. Sanford Gay .

Blair ta kasance memba na Daughters of the American Revolution  kuma mai kula da Georgia Historical Society . 

Blair ta yi tafiya sosai, ya ziyarci Burtaniya a 1928, gami da Ireland, Wales, da Scotland. Ta kuma yi tafiya zuwa Kanada, Cuba, Bermuda, Mexico da ƙasashe da yawa na Amurka ta tsakiya.

Blair bai taba yin aure ba. Ta mutu a watan Yulin 1974 kuma an binne ta a Austell, Jojiya, kusa da inda ta girma.

## Littattafai

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## Manazarta