Pandelani Nefolovhodwe

**[[Panduleni Nekundi|Pandelani]] [[Jeremy Toljan|Jeremia]] Nefolovhodwe** (an haife shi 2 Fabrairu 1947) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne kuma tsohon ɗan gwagwarmayar yaƙi da wariyar launin fata wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban ƙungiyar jama'ar Azaniya (AZAPO) daga shekarun 1992 zuwa 2010. Ya wakilci jam’iyyar a majalisar wakilai ta ƙasa  daga shekarar 2002 zuwa 2009 kuma ya taɓa zama shugaban jam’iyyar daga shekarun 1990 zuwa 1992.

A lokacin wariyar launin fata, Nefolovhodwe ya kasance babban memba na kungiyar Black Consciousness, musamman a Jami'ar Arewa a Turfloop. Ya kasance shugaban ƙungiyar ɗaliban Afirka ta Kudu (SASO) na ƙasa a shekarar 1974, lokacin da aka tuhume shi da wasu mutane takwas a ƙarƙashin dokar ta'addanci a shari'ar SASO tara. An ɗaure shi a tsibirin Robben daga shekarun 1976 zuwa 1982 kuma bayan an sake shi ya shiga harkar hada-hadar kungiya, ciki har da mamban kafa ƙungiyar kwadago ta ƙasa.

## Rayuwar farko da gwagwarmaya
An haifi Nefolovhodwe a ranar 2 ga watan Fabrairun 1947 a ƙauyen Folovhodwe a tsohuwar Transvaal ta Arewa.  Ya halarci Jami'ar Arewa, inda aka zaɓe shi a matsayin majalisar wakilan ɗalibai a shekarar 1971. Ya kasance mai fafutuka a siyasance a cikin ƙungiyar Black Consciousness kuma ya shiga cikin zanga-zangar ɗalibai a Turfloop a shekara ta 1972, wanda ya kai ga fitar da shi daga jami'a.  A cikin shekarar 1972-73, ya yi aiki a matsayin jami'in jindaɗi a Musina Copper Mine sannan ya zama mataimakin malami a Venda har sai da aka mayar da shi Jami'ar Arewa. 

### Gwaji da yanke hukunci
A shekara ta 1974, an zabi Nefolovhodwe a matsayin shugaban majalisar wakilan dalibai kuma a matsayin shugaban kasa na kungiyar Black Consciousness-aligned South African Students' Organisation (SASO). A watan Satumba na wannan shekarar, ya shiga cikin shirin taron tarihi na SASO a Durban,  kuma yana daya daga cikin shugabannin SASO da yawa da Ofishin Tsaro ya kama bayan haka.  Shi da wasu takwas an tuhume su da keta Dokar Ta'addanci kuma an san su da SASO Nine. Bayan shari'ar da aka yi wa jama'a sosai a Kotun Koli ta Pretoria, an yanke musu duka tara a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1976.  An yanke wa Nefolovhodwe hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru shida, wanda ya yi aiki a Tsibirin Robben.  

### Ƙungiyoyi da AZAPO
Bayan an sake shi a cikin shekarar 1982, Nefolovhodwe ya ci gaba da fafutukarsa na siyasa kuma ya shiga Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Ma'adinai da Gine-gine na Black Allied Black Consciousness; an zaɓe shi a matsayin babban sakatare a shekarar 1984.  Ya kuma kasance memba na kafa kungiyar kwadago ta ƙasa  a shekarar 1986 kuma an zaɓe shi mataimakin babban sakatare na farko.   Ya kuma shiga kungiyar jama’ar Azaniya (AZAPO) sannan ya zama shugaban AZAPO daga shekarun 1990 zuwa 1992, inda ya zama mataimakin shugaban AZAPO. 

A lokaci guda ya kasance mai kula da karatun aiki a Cibiyar Ci gaban Jama'a ta Ubuntu daga shekarun 1988 zuwa 1994.  Har ila yau, ya kammala karatun digiri na farko na Kimiyya daga Jami'ar Afirka ta Kudu da kuma Jagoran Harkokin Kasuwanci daga Jami'ar De Montfort. 

## Aikin siyasa bayan wariyar launin fata
Nefolovhodwe ya kasance mataimakin shugaban AZAPO daga shekarun 1992 har zuwa 2010, amma bayan juyin mulkin demokraɗiyya  ya yi aiki a ci gaba da kuma kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, yana shugabantar kungiyar Imbumba har zuwa shekara ta 2001.   Ya kasance mai fafutukar ganin an sake fasalin ƙasa a Afirka ta Kudu. 

A watan Fabrairun 2002, AZAPO ta sanar da cewa za a rantsar da Nefolovhodwe a kujerar jam'iyyar a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa , 'yar majalisar wakilai ta Afirka ta Kudu. Ya maye gurbin shugaban AZAPO Mosibudi Mangena wanda ya yi murabus daga majalisar bayan an naɗa shi mataimakin ministan ilimi.  An sake zaɓar Nefolovhodwe zuwa cikakken wa'adi a majalisar a babban zaben shekara ta 2004 .  A lokacin wa'adin majalisa da ya biyo baya, ya kuma yi aiki a Majalisar Pan-African. 

Ya miƙa kujerar ɗan majalisa a babban zaɓen shekarar 2009 kuma ya miƙa ofishinsa a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kungiyar AZAPO a watan Maris 2010.  Sai dai kuma a takaice ya sake komawa fagen siyasar sa a lokacin zaɓen shekarar 2019, inda bai yi nasara ba a cikin jerin sunayen AZAPO na zaɓen majalisar wakilai ta ƙasa.  A watan Mayun 2016, an naɗa shi wa'adin shekaru huɗu a matsayin shugaban majalisar almajiransa, sannan aka sake fasalinsa a matsayin Jami'ar Limpopo.  Ya kuma kasance memba na Majalisar Gidan kayan tarihi na Robben Island. 

## Manazarta