Hukumar Zabe ta Malaysia

Hukumar Zabe ta Malay (Malay; Jawi), ta rage SPR ko EC, kwamiti ne da aka kafa don tabbatar da ayyukan adalci da adalci wajen gudanar da Zabe a Malaysia. Hukumar ta fada ƙarƙashin ikon Sashen Firayim Minista. 

## Tarihi
An kafa Hukumar Zabe (EC) a ranar 4 ga Satumba 1957, a karkashin Mataki na 114 na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Malaysia, wanda ya ba ta damar gudanar da zabe ga Dewan Rakyat da majalisun jihohi.

A lokacin da aka kafa ta, EC kawai ta kunshi shugaban da mambobi biyu - Datuk Dr Mustafa Albakri Hassan tare da Lee Ewe Boon da Ditt Singh.

An kuma kafa sakatariyar don cika ayyukan hukumar da aiwatar da shawararta, tare da sakatare da ya zama babban mai gudanarwa. Sakataren EC na farko shi ne H. Cassidy .

Bayan kafa Malaysia a 1963 da kuma hada Sabah da Sarawak, an kara wani memba don wakiltar jihohin biyu a kan juyawa. Datuk Abang Marzuki Nor daga Sarawak shine memba na farko da aka nada.

Wani gyare-gyare ga Mataki na 114 da aka yi a 1981 ya ba da sabon mukamin mataimakin shugaban, kuma Abdul Rahman Abdul Hassan shine na farko da ya rike wannan mukamin.

A yau, EC tana da shugaban, mataimakin shugaban da mambobi biyar, dukansu Yang di-Pertuan Agong ne ya nada su bayan tuntubar Taron Shugabannin.

## Dokar Tsarin Mulki
A karkashin Mataki na 114, an ba da ikon " gudanar da zabe ga Majalisar Wakilai (Dewan Rakyat, ƙananan Majalisar dokoki) da Majalisar Dokoki ta Jihohi". A karkashin Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Tarayyar Malaya mai zaman kanta, Hukumar ta kunshi shugaban daya da mambobi biyu, amma bayan Malaya ta haɗu da Arewacin Borneo, Sarawak da Singapore don samar da Malaysia, an fadada membobin hukumar ta hanyar gyaran kundin tsarin mulki don samar da ƙarin memba daga Sabah ko Sarawak. Wani gyare-gyare na 1981 ga Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya kara wani memba kuma ya kirkiro mukamin mataimakin shugaban.[1]

Yang di-Pertuan Agong (Sarki) ne ke nada mambobin hukumar, wanda dole ne ya tuntubi Taron Sarakuna kuma ya nada Hukumar da ke da amincewar jama'a. Kodayake Kundin Tsarin Mulki bai buƙaci tuntuɓar Firayim Minista a wannan bangaren ba, an yi jayayya cewa a ƙarƙashin Mataki na 40 na Kundin Tsarin Tsarin Mulki, Sarki ba zai iya yin aiki da kansa ba sai dai idan an bayyana shi a bayyane; a duk sauran lokuta, dole ne ya yarda da shawarar Firayim Ministan, kuma saboda haka ana yin nadin ga hukumar tare da shawarar Firaminista. Mambobin Hukumar sun yi ritaya suna da shekaru 65.

## Ayyuka
Baya ga tsara zaɓe, ayyukan EC sun haɗa da sake nazarin iyakokin mazabar majalisa da jihohi, gudanar da zaɓe da gudanar da ayyukan rajista.

Har ila yau, yana tattara bayanai game da sabbin yankuna masu tasowa don tabbatar da wakilci mai kyau na masu jefa kuri'a a kowane mazabar, yana inganta wayar da kan jama'a game da yadda yake da muhimmanci a jefa kuri'u kuma ya sake duba jerin sunayen waɗanda suka mutu ko kuma an hana su.

A ranar zabe, za a kafa membobin EC da jami'ai a cibiyar zabe a duk faɗin ƙasar don kula da aikin.

## Rashin jituwa
An zargi EC da kasancewa da rabin zuciya a cikin sake fasalin zabe kuma a cikin 2012, an zargi shugaban da mataimakin shugaban da kasancewa mambobi ne na jam'iyyar da ke mulki. Dukkanin mutanen da aka yarda sun kasance mambobi a wani lokaci, amma mataimakin shugaban daga baya ya janye shigarwar kuma ya yi tir da shi a matsayin ƙoƙari na lalata EC.

A lokacin Babban Zabe na 14 na Malaysia a ranar 9 ga Mayu 2018, an zargi EC da ba da izinin manyan ayyukan Gerrymandering da malapportionment daga gwamnatin da ke kan mulki. An kuma tsawata shi saboda tsarin ƙididdigar kuri'a shine mafi tsawo a tarihin Malaysia, tare da sakamakon har yanzu ana gudana bayan karfe 4 na safe washegari (10 Mayu 2018, GMT +8:00). An kuma zargi EC da yin ranar zabe a ranar mako maimakon karshen mako. A halin yanzu ya musanta cewa ya yi ƙoƙari ya dakatar da Malaysians na kasashen waje don yin zabe.

## Manazarta