Taron canjin yanayi na yau da kullun

**Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan sauyin yanayi na 2023** ko taron bangarorin UNFCCC, wanda aka fi sani da COP28, shi ne taron sauyin yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya karo na 28, wanda aka gudanar daga 30 ga Nuwamba zuwa 13 ga Disamba a Expo City, Dubai, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa. An gudanar da taron na COP a kowace shekara (sai dai shekara ta 2020 saboda cutar ta COVID-19) tun daga yarjejeniyar sauyin yanayi ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta farko a 1992. An yi taron ne don gwamnatoci su amince da manufofin da za su iyakance hauhawar zafin duniya da daidaitawa ga tasirin da ke tattare da sauyin yanayi.

Tun da farko an shirya kammala taron ne a ranar 12 ga watan Disamba, amma sai da aka tsawaita shi sakamakon kin amincewar Saudiyya kan yarjejeniyar karshe. A ranar 13 ga Disamba, shugaban taron, Sultan Al Jaber ya sanar da cewa an cimma yarjejeniyar sulhu ta karshe tsakanin kasashen da abin ya shafa. Yarjejeniyar ta sa dukkan kasashen da suka rattaba hannu kan kauracewa makamashin carbon "bisa adalci, tsari da daidaito" don dakile munanan illolin da sauyin yanayi ke haifarwa, da kuma kaiwa ga sifiri nan da shekara ta 2050. Yarjejeniyar ta duniya, wacce ake kira da Yarjejeniyar UAE, ita ce ta farko a tarihin taron kolin na COP da aka bayyana karara game da bukatar kau da kai daga kowane nau'in albarkatun mai, amma har yanzu ana sukar da ake yi masa saboda rashin kwakkwaran kuduri na ko dai kawar da man fetur ko kuma kasa-kasa. Kasashen Sin da Indiya ba su sanya hannu kan alkawarin ninka yawan makamashin da suke samu na makamashin da ake sabunta su ba, kuma sun himmatu wajen samar da wutar lantarki a maimakon haka.

Taron dai ya sha suka sosai saboda shugabanta Sultan Al Jaber da ke da cece-kuce, da kuma kasar da ta karbi bakuncinta, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, wadda ta yi suna da rashin sanin yanayin muhalli da rawar da take takawa a matsayin babbar mai samar da makamashin burbushin halittu. Al Jaber shi ne Shugaba na Kamfanin Mai na Abu Dhabi (ADNOC), wanda ke haifar da damuwa game da rikice-rikice na sha'awa. Da'awar Greenwashing na Al Jaber a kan Wikipedia, Twitter da Matsakaici;[9] gazawar doka ta soki kamfanonin Emirati a cikin UAE; da ake zargin ADNOC damar samun damar yin amfani da imel na taro a boye; da gayyatar shugaban Syria Bashar Al-Assad duk sun nuna damuwa game da amincin taron. Al Jaber ya bayyana gabanin fara taron cewa, “babu wata kimiya” da ke bayan kawar da burbushin mai wajen cimma matsaya 1.5. kuma wasu takardu da aka fallasa sun bayyana sun nuna cewa Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa na shirin yin amfani da taron wajen kulla sabuwar yarjejeniyar mai da sauran kasashe. Al Jaber ya yi iƙirarin cewa an yi kuskuren fassara kalamansa game da kawar da albarkatun mai kuma ya musanta wannan zargi, yana mai cewa UAE ba ta buƙatar shugabancin COP don kulla yarjejeniyar kasuwanci..

## Fage

### Garin mai masaukin baki
Taron sauyin yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya taro ne na shekara-shekara na dukkan kasashen da suka rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar sauyin yanayi ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 1994. Ana gudanar da shi a kowace shekara, tare da kasashen da suka karbi bakuncinsu suna jujjuyawa a tsakanin mambobinta na yanzu. A farkon 2021, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa tayi tayin karbar bakuncin taron na 2023. An zabi Dubai a matsayin mai masaukin baki a watan Nuwamba na wannan shekarar. Wannan shi ne karo na uku da memba na OPEC ke karbar bakuncinta bayan Qatar a 2012 da Indonesia a 2007.

Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa na daya daga cikin kasashen da ke fama da matsalar yanayi a duniya, saboda tsananin zafi da danshi. Matsakaicin zafinsa na iska ya ƙaru da 1.27 ° C (2.29 ° F) tsakanin 1990 da 2022.[20] Tekun Bahar Maliya da Tekun Fasha sun ƙetare amintattun ma'aunin zafin jiki da yawa sau da yawa.[21] Sauran tasirin da ake samu a yankin sune guguwar kura akai-akai, hawan teku da fari. Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta kuduri aniyar rage fitar da iskar Carbon zuwa sifili nan da shekarar 2050; gwamnatin Gabas ta Tsakiya ta farko da ta yi irin wannan alkawari. Hakanan ita ce ƙasa ta farko a yankin da ta rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Paris a ranar 21 ga Satumba 2016. Kasar ta zuba dala biliyan 50 don samar da makamashi mai tsafta a duniya kuma ta yi alkawarin karin dala biliyan 50 nan da shekarar 2030.

## liyafar
Zabin da UAE ta yi a matsayin kasar mai masaukin baki ya fuskanci suka daga yawancin masana kimiyyar yanayi da masu fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama a duniya, kasancewar kasar ce kan gaba wajen samar da mai kuma kasa ce mai mulki ba tare da 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki ba. Masu shirya Masarautar sun gargadi masu magana da kada su soki Musulunci ko gwamnatin Masarautar, kamfanoni ko daidaikun mutane. Human Rights Watch ta bukaci gwamnatoci da su yi amfani da damar da za su tura Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa don sassauta "mamaki a sararin samaniya da kuma kiyaye hakki" da kuma kawo karshen zalunci da masu rajin kare hakkin bil'adama kamar Ahmed Mansoor. A ranar 1 ga Agusta 2023, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta ƙyale masu fafutukar kare muhalli su “taru cikin lumana” a taron kuma sun yi alƙawarin samar musu da sarari don "ji muryoyinsu", duk da dokokin da suka haramta zanga-zangar da ba ta da izini.

## Manazarta