Claude Monet

**Claude Monet** (14 Nuwamban shekarar 1840 zuwa 5 Disamban shekarar 1926) mai zane ne na ƙasar Faransa kuma wanda ya ƙirƙiro *zanen impressionism*, wanda Kuma ake gani a matsayin jigo na zanukan zamani, musamman yanda yake ƙoƙarin zanen yanayi a yanda ya fahimce shi. A zamanin ayyukansa masu dogon tarihi, shine mafi shahara da ƙwarewa a salo *zanen impressionism -* wato falsafar zane ta hanyar fahimtar shi mai zanen ga wuri ko yanayi musamman zanen sarari (waje) da kuma yanayi ƙasa wato landscape. Kalmar "Impressionism" wato ra'ayin mai zane, ya samo asali ne daga zanensa mai suna Impression, Sunrise wanda aka gabatar a  1874 a wajen taron baje koli na Salon.   

Monet ya girma ne a garin Le Havre, Normandy, kuma ya fara sha'awar zanen waje tun daga ƙananun shekarunsa. Duk da cewa mahaifiyarsa Louise-Justine Aubrée Monet ta mara masa baya don cika burinsa na zama mai zane, mahifaisa kuwa wato Claude-Adolphe bai amince da hakan ba inda yake so ya zama ɗan kasuwa. Yana da kyakyawar alaka da mahaifiyarsa sai dai ta mutu ne a cikin watan Junairun shekarar 1857, a lokacin yana da shekaru goma sha shida a duniya, sannan aka turashi don yayi rayuwa a ƙarƙashin kulawar goggonsa attajira wacce bata taɓa haihuwa ba, Marie-Jeanne Lecadre. Daga nan ya zarce don yin karatu a jamiar Académie Suisse, kuma yayi karatu a ƙarƙashin shahararren masanin tarihin zane Charles Gleyre, kuma ya zamo abokin karatu ga Auguste Renoir. Ayyukansa na farko-farko sun haɗa da yanayin ƙasa, sassan teku, da zanen mutane wanda amma basu samu karɓuwa ba da farko. Wani muhimmin mutum a rayuwar sana'arsa shine Eugène Boudin wanda ya koya masa salon zanen yanayi. Tun daga 1883, Monet ya cigaba da rayuwa a garin Giverny, wanda ke arewacin Faransa, inda ya siya gida da kuma fili kuma ya fara manyan ayyukan zanen filaye wanda suka haɗa da zanen korama na *water-lily*.     

Burin Monet na ajiye kundin zanen yankunan Faransa ya kawo wani sabon salo na zane wanda ke ɗaukar lokutan yini daban daban da kuma wucewar yanayi. Daga cikin waɗannan zanuka na musamman da sukayi fice sun haɗa da zanen *haystacks (1890–91), zanen [[Rouen Cathedral]](1894), d*a kuma zanensa na *Water lillies* wanda ya kwashe tsawon shekaru ashiri yana yi.      

Monet ya kara shahara da fice a cikin ƙarni na 20, lokacin da ya zamo ɗaya daga cikin muhimman masu zane na duniya kuma abun kwaikwayo ga sauran ƙungiyoyin masu zane da ke tasowa.      

## Tarihin Rayuwa

### Haihuwarsa da yarintarsa
An haifi Claude Monet a ranar 14 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1840, a bene na biyar a gida mai lamba 45 da ke rue Laffitte, na garin 9th arrondissement of Paris. Shine ɗa na biyu ga mahaifansa Claude Adolphe Monet da kuma Louise Justine Aubrée Monet, dukkansu daga tsatso na biyu na mutanen Parisa. A ranar 20 ga watan Mayun shekarar 1841 ne aka masa baptiza a cocin Notre-Dame-de-Lorette, a matsayin Oscar-Claude, amma iyayensa na kiransa a sauƙaƙe da Oscar. Duk da cewa anyi masa baptiza, Monet daga bisani ya koma mara addini.

Acikin shekara ta 1845, danginsa sun koma garin  Le Havre da ke Normandie. Mahaifinsa, babban ɗan kasuwa yana so Monet ya shiga kasuwancin shigowa da kayayyaki don kasuwanci. Mahaifiyarsa kuwa ta kasance mawaƙiya ce, saboda haka ta goyo bayanshi a wajen cigaba da sana'ar zane.

A ranar 1 ga watan Afrilun shekarar 1851, ya shiga makarantar sakandare ta fasaha ta Le Havre. Ya kasance dalibi mai ƙwazo, bayan nuna ƙwarewarsa a zane, ya kasance yana yi wa abokansa zane don samun kuɗi. Yayi darasinsa na farko a wajen Jacques-François Ochard, tsohon dalibin Jacques-Louis David. Acikin shekara ta  Eugène Boudin, ya haɗud a  Eugène Boudin, wanda daga bisani ya karawa Monet ƙarfin gwiwar faɗaɗa fasaharsa, kuma ya koya masa zanen waje (*En plein air),* kuma ya rike ɗaukarsa don ziyarar wuraren zane. Monet ya ɗauki Boudin a matsayin malaminsa, "wanda ya gama masa komai" dangane da ɗaukakar da ya samu daga baya.

Mahaifiyarsa ta rasu a cikin shekarar 1857. Ya cigaba da rayuwa da mahaifinsa inda daga baya goggonsa, Marie-Jeanne Lecadre; Lecadre ta cigaba da riƙe shi.

### Paris da Aljeriya

## Manazarta