Al-Burini

**Badr al-Din al-Hasan ibn Muhammad al-[[Damascus|Dimashƙu]] al-Saffuri al-Burini** (Yuli 1556-11 Yuni 1615), wanda aka fi sani da al-Hisan al-Burani, masanin tarihin Larabawa ne kuma mawaki kuma Shafi'i lauya.

## Rayuwa
An haifi Al-Burini a tsakiyar watan Yulin shekara ta 1556 a ƙauyen Saffuriya kusa da Nazarat a cikin Galili, saboda haka *nisba* (sunanin) "al-Saffuri". Mahaifinsa Muhammad ya fito ne daga ƙauyen Nablus" id="mwGg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Burin, Nablus">Burin kusa da Nablus saboda haka *nisba* "al-Burini". A lokacin da yake da shekaru 10 ya koma Dimashƙu tare da mahaifinsa.

Al-Burini ya koyi Alkur'ani a Masallacin Manjak a unguwar Midan a lokacin da yake matashi. Bayan haka, ya sami ilimi a cikin Harshen Larabci, *Qanun* (dokar duniya) da lissafi daga Damascene *[[Ulama'u|Ulema]]* (masanan addini) a Madrasa al-Umariyya a unguwar Salihiyya. An katse karatunsa a can saboda yunwa, wanda ya sa ya koma Urushalima daga 1567 zuwa 1571. A Urushalima Muhammad ibn Abi al-Lutf ne ya koya masa. Ya koma Damascus a shekara ta 1571, ya zauna a gidan Sufi na Samisatiyya inda ya fadada iliminsa zuwa adabi, *[[Fiƙihu|fiqh]]* (jurisprudence), *[[Tafsiri|tafsir]]* (fassarar Kur'ani), da hadith. A shekara ta 1580 ya ƙware Farisa, kamar yadda marubucin Farisa Hafiz Husayn al-Karbala'i (d. 1588) ya koya masa a Aleppo ko Damascus .  Daga baya a rayuwa, ya kuma koyi Turkiyya.

Bayan kammala karatunsa, al-Burini ya zama shugaban Shafi'i *fiqh* a Masallacin Umayyad a shekara ta 1580. Kimanin lokaci guda ya fara yin wa'azi a Masallacin Sultan kuma ya zama malami a madrasas da yawa na Damascus. Dalibansa sun san shi da ƙwarewarsa, ƙwarewa da ilimin wallafe-wallafen, yayin da masana tarihi da malaman addini na lokacin suka yaba da al-Burini saboda halaye iri ɗaya, da kuma sha'awarsa ga tarihi da ilimin harshe. Gwamnoni da alƙalai na Dimashƙu sun amince kuma sun yaba da al-Burini, suna la'akari da shi a matsayin ƙwararren lauyan Shafi'i tare da hukunce-hukunce masu zaman kansu. Ya yi aiki a matsayin *kadi* (babban alƙali na Islama) na aikin Hajji na Ottoman Hajj daga Damascus zuwa Makka a cikin 1611. A ranar 11 ga Yuni 1615 ya mutu a Damascus kuma an binne shi a makabartar Bab al-Faradis .  

## Ayyukan wallafe-wallafen
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyukan al-Burini shine *Tarajim al-A'yan min Abna al-Zaman*, tarin tarihin 205 na sanannun malamai na zamani, sarakuna da masu sana'a, an kammala su a cikin 1614 bayan shekaru goma. Fadl Allah ibn Muhibb Allah ya shirya kuma ya buga aikin a cikin 1667 tare da kari. An sake buga aikin a Damascus a shekarar 1959. 

Al-Burini sau da yawa ya yi tafiya zuwa sassa daban-daban na Siriya, yana rubuta littattafai biyu game da tafiye-tafiyensa zuwa Tripoli a cikin 1599/1600 da Aleppo a *al-Rihlat al-Tarabulusiyya* da al-Richlat al-Halabiyya, bi da bi. A lokacin ziyararsa zuwa Tripoli da ƙauyukan Akkar ne shugaban da gwamna Yusuf Sayfa Pasha suka shirya shi.

Ana samun waƙoƙinsa galibi a cikin *diwan* da ke Istanbul. Wasikar da ya rubuta wa As'ad ibn Muiin al-Din al-Tibrizi al-Dimashqi tana cikin Gotha, waƙoƙinsa na *Marathi* ga Sufi Muhammad ibn Abi'l-Barakat al-Qadiri an kiyaye su a Berlin kuma ana gudanar da yawancin waƙoƙin sa a Gidan Tarihin Burtaniya a London.

Ya rubuta sharhi game da *diwan* na Ibn al-Farid a cikin 1591 da kuma sharhi game le *al-Ta'iyya al-Sughra* na ƙarshe a cikin 1593. 

## Manazarta