Kamfanin Jigilar Kaya Na Martinair

**Martinair** (na shari'a *Martinair Holland NV* ) Jirgin saman jigilar kaya ne na Holland wanda ke da hedikwata kuma yana zaune a filin jirgin saman Amsterdam Schiphol kuma reshen Air France-KLM . An kafa kamfanin jirgin saman a shekara ta alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da hamsin da takwas (1958) ta Martin Schröder. Tun daga shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha ɗaya 2011, Martinair yana aiki gaba ɗaya azaman jirgin sama mai ɗaukar kaya tare da shirye-shiryen sabis zuwa wurare ashirin 20  a duk duniya da ƙarin jiragen haya. Kafin wannan lokacin, sannan yana jigilar fasinjoji.

## Tarihi

### Shekarun farko

An kafa kamfanin jirgin sama a ranar ashirin da huɗu 24 ga Mayu, shekarar alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da hamsin da takwas (1958) a matsayin **Martin's Air Charter** (MAC), ta Martin Schröder da John Block, tare da jirgin sama daya, de Havilland Dove, da ma'aikata biyar.  A cikin shekarata alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da sittin da uku (1963) Mista Schröder ya sayar da kashi arba'in da tara (49%) na kamfanin zuwa masu hannun jarin kamfanin jigilar kaya guda huɗu lashi goma sha biyu da ɗigo ashirin da biyar (12.25% kowanne, waɗannan ƙarshe sun haɗa kamar Nedlloyd ). Daga baya KLM zai sayi kaso hamsin 50+% wanda Mista Schröder ya mallaka, yana siyan shi.

An canza sunan Kamfanin zuwa **Martinair Holland** a cikin shekarata alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da sittin da shida (1966). Kyakkyawan haɓaka ya zo a cikin  shekarar alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da sittin da bakwai (1967) tare da buɗe kasuwancin zuwa Amurka . Martinair ya zama mai amfani da jet a cikin shekarata alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da saba'in da ɗaya (1971). 

A cikin shekarata alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da casa'in da ɗaya (1991), an gabatar da jirgin farko mai suna *Martinair Cargo*, kuma an jefar da *Holland* daga dukkan jiragen. A cikin shekarar alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da casa'in da shida (1996), Martinair ya sayi hannun jari na kaso arba'in 40% na mai ɗaukar kaya ta Colombian TAMPA Cargo, wanda ke cikin Medellín, wanda ya ƙaru zuwa kaso hamsin da takwas (58%) a cikin shekarata alif dubu biyu da uku (2003). An sayar da rabon TAMPA a watan Fabrairun shekarar alif dubu biyu da takwas (2008) zuwa Avianca, wani kamfani na Colombia.

Shugaban Martinair kuma Shugaba Martin Schröder, wanda ya karɓi lambar yabo ta *Tony Jannus* a shekarar alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da casa'in da biyar (1995) don gudummawar da ya bayar ga zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na kasuwanci, ya yi ritaya a cikin shekarar alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da casa'in da takwas (1998) daga ayyukan yau da kullum. Hakanan a waccan shekarar, Hukumar Tarayyar Turai a Brussels ta ki amincewa da tayin KLM na siyan hannun jarin Nedlloyd, wanda zai sa KLM ya zama mai shi kadai.

An kawo McDonnell Douglas MD-11 na farko a cikin Disamba shekarar alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da casa'in da huɗu (1994). A cikin shekaru uku masu zuwa, an kai wasu sabbin MD-11 guda shida zuwa Martinair. A cikin jimlar McDonnell Douglas MD-11CFs guda huɗu (ɗaukakin jigilar kaya) da cikakkun manyan motoci biyu an isar da su.   Martinair shine ya ƙaddamar da abokin ciniki na jigilar kaya mai canzawa. A cikin shekarar alif dubu biyu da huɗu (2004) an ƙara wani MD-11F a cikin jiragen ruwa, wannan a baya mallakar Swissair ne, sannan ya koma cikakken jigilar kaya.  Daga shekarar alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da casa'in da biyar (1995) zuwa (2006) an sake tsara wasu daga cikin MD-11 masu iya canzawa don jigilar fasinjoji a cikin kololuwar fasinja a lokacin bazara. An daidaita tsarin fasinja tare da kujeru ɗari uku da casa'in 390.  Bayan shekara ta alif dubu biyu da shida 2006 buƙatar ta ragu kuma Martinair baya buƙatar ƙarin kujeru kuma.

### Ci gaba tun daga 2000s
A cikin 2006 Martinair ya sayi Boeing 747-400s guda huɗu daga Jirgin saman Singapore . An mayar da waɗannan jiragen fasinja zuwa masu ɗaukar kaya don maye gurbin tsohon Boeing 747-200Fs .

A cikin Yuni 2007, Martinair ya sanar da cewa yana son mai hannun jari guda ɗaya, zai fi dacewa KLM, kuma a cikin 2008 an sami izini daga Hukumar Turai. Canja wurin sauran hannun jari ya faru ne a ranar 31 ga Disamba 2008.  A cikin Nuwamba 2007, Martinair ya daina ayyukansa na ɗan gajeren lokaci don mai da hankali kan ayyukansa na jigilar kayayyaki da jiragen da ke tsakanin nahiyoyi.

A cikin 2009 uku daga cikin 747s an adana su saboda matsalar tattalin arziki. A cikin Satumba 2010, an ba da sanarwar sake fasalin wanda zai haɗa da barin duk ayyukan fasinja daga Nuwamba 2011, wanda KLM za ta karbe shi a wani ɓangare, da barin sabis na kaya kawai.  A watan Nuwambar 2010, Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ta ci tarar Martinair Yuro miliyan 29.5, bayan wani bincike kan kayyade farashin. 

A ƙarshen 2010, an yi hayar biyu daga cikin 747-400s zuwa Air Cargo Jamus .   Sauran 747 (PH-MPS) sun dawo aiki a watan Mayu shekarata 2011 tare da tsarin launi mara taken, saboda Martinair bai tabbatar ba tukuna ko jirgin zai ci gaba da aiki a gare su. 

A cikin Oktoba 2011, Martinair ya daina sabis na fasinja, wanda yake aiki tun lokacin da aka kafa shi a cikin 1958. Martinair yana da sabis na fasinja a ko'ina cikin Turai, Amurka, Asiya, da Afirka daga Amsterdam . Jirgin fasinja na karshe ya faru ne a ranar 31 ga Oktoba, shekarar 2011, ya bar shi a matsayin jigilar kaya har zuwa yau. 

A cikin Maris 2015, Air France-KLM sun ba da sanarwar aniyar rage ayyukansu na jigilar kayayyaki. Saboda haka, duk Martinair's McDonnell Douglas MD-11Fs an cire su ta 2016 ba tare da maye gurbinsu ba. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya yanke ayyuka 330 saboda raguwar. 

## Harkokin kamfanoni

Martinair yana da babban ofishinsa a Ginin TransPort, Schiphol East,  a filin jirgin saman Amsterdam Schiphol, Haarlemmermeer, Netherlands .  Martinair ya koma babban ofishinsa na yanzu a ranar Juma'a 4 ga Yuni 2010.  Ginin TransPort, wanda Schiphol Real Estate ya haɓaka, gidaje biyu Martinair da Transavia,  waɗanda suka koma cikin TransPort a ranar 3 ga Mayu 2010. 

Gina ginin, wanda ke da  na sararin samaniya, ya fara a ranar 17 ga Maris Na shekarar 2009. Kungiyar Schiphol da kamfanin gine-ginen *Paul de Ruiter* ne suka tsara ginin, yayin da De Vries da Verburg, wani kamfani na Stolwijk, suka gina ginin.  Majalisar Gine-gine ta Yaren mutanen Holland ta ba da takardar shedar farko ta Tsarin Binciken Ƙaddamar da Muhalli (BREEAM-NL) ga Schiphol Real Estate don gina Ginin TransPort.  A cikin 2011 Majalisar Gina Green ta Amurka ta ba TransPort takardar shedar Jagoranci a Makamashi da Tsarin Muhalli (LEED).  Wurin ajiye motoci yana ƙarƙashin ginin TransPort, tare da filin ajiye motoci ta hanyar biyan kuɗi. 

Kamfanin jirgin sama a baya ya mamaye Cibiyar Schiphol ( Dutch   ) a filin jirgin sama na Schiphol.     Bayan Martinair ya koma cikin sabon ginin, Martinair ya sayar da tsohon ofishinsa zuwa filin jirgin sama. 

In addition to its headquarters at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, Martinair operates offices around the globe. The first international office has been opened in Hong Kong in 1975. *Martinair USA*, later *Martinair Americas* Originally operated in New York City, but the USA operations office moved to Boca Raton, Florida, in the Miami Metropolitan Area in 1993. This office moved again and is currently located in Doral, Florida, in the Miami area. This office is located in the Doral Corporate Center One.

### Kamfanoni
Kwalejin Jirgin Martinair  makarantar horar da jirgin sama ce wacce ke da tushe a filin jirgin sama na Lelystad don horar da matukan jirgi masu zaman kansu da horar da matukan jirgin sama. An tura shi zuwa Filin jirgin saman Groningen a cikin bazara na shekarata 2020 yayin cutar ta Corona don haɗa shi da KLM Flight Academy . A lokacin da suka ƙaura zuwa Groningen, MFA tana sarrafa rundunar Socata TB-10 guda huɗu (PH-MLO, PH-MLQ, PH-MLR da PH-MLS masu rijista), Socata TB-20s biyu (PH-MLK da PH masu rijista). -MLL)  da Diamond guda ɗaya DA-42NG Twin Star Platinum (PH-MFA mai rijista), wanda aka ƙara a cikin 2011.  An bayar da ƙarin horo ta hanyar na'urar kwaikwayo ta Alsim 200 FNPT-II MCC.

Bugu da ƙari, Martinair yana aiki da Cibiyar Jet na Yanki, cibiyar sabis na fasaha don kula da jirgin sama. 

## Wuraren
Tun daga watan Mayun 2020, Martinair yana gudanar da ayyukan jigilar kayayyaki zuwa wurare 16  da ƙarin haya. Kamfanin ya ƙare ƙarin ayyukan fasinja a cikin Oktoba 2011 bayan shekaru 53 na sabis.

## Jirgin ruwa

### Jirgin ruwa na yanzu

Tun daga Oktoban shekarar 2021, jirgin ruwan Martinair ya ƙunshi jiragen sama masu zuwa: 

Ana yin aiki tare tare da ƙarin jiragen jigilar kaya a ƙarƙashin alamar Air France-KLM Cargo, wanda Martinair ke shiga. 

### Tsaffin jiragen ruwa
A baya Martinair ya yi amfani da jiragen sama masu hada-hada:

## Hatsari da hadura

* A ranar 4 ga Disamba shekarata 1974, Jirgin Martinair 138, Douglas DC-8, yana aiki a madadin Garuda Indonesia, ya tashi zuwa gefen wani dutse yayin da yake kan hanyarsa ta sauka a Colombo, Sri Lanka . Dukkan fasinjoji 191 da ma'aikatan da ke cikin jirgin sun mutu. 
* A ranar 21 ga Disamba, shekarar 1992, jirgin Martinair mai lamba 495, McDonnell Douglas DC-10, ya yi hatsari a lokacin da ya sauka a filin jirgin Faro, Portugal, inda ya kashe mutane 56 (ciki har da ma'aikatan jirgin biyu) daga cikin 340 da ke cikinsa.  Dalilin hadarin shine microburst -induced iskar iska a hade tare da kurakuran ma'aikatan da suka hada da ci gaba da tsarin da ba a daidaita ba da kuma zumunta na kyaftin.
* A ranar 30 ga Agusta, 2013 wani jirgin Martinair Cargo MD-11 a wani jirgin kasa da kasa daga filin jirgin saman Rafael Hernandez a Aguadilla, Puerto Rico, zuwa Filin jirgin saman Stansted na London a London, Ingila, ya gamu da barna sosai bayan da wata gobara ta tashi a kan injin lamba daya a yayin da yake tashi. Yayin da babu wani rauni a cikin ma'aikatan jirgin, jirgin ya samu lalacewa a kan injin guda daya, naceles da tsarin. An soke tashin jirgin. 
* A ranar 8 ga Yuli, 2019, Martinair PH-CKA, Boeing 747-400, jirgin Boeing 747-400 da ke aiki a matsayin Jirgin sama mai lamba 8372 daga OR Tambo International Airport zuwa Filin jirgin saman Robert Gabriel Mugabe da ke Harare, Zimbabwe ya rasa wani bangare na wani bangare a lokacin da yake kan hanyarsa ta karshe ta sauka a filin jirgin. Jirgin ya sauka lafiya, kuma daga karshe aka gyara shi a kasa. 
* A ranar 14 ga Janairu, 2020, jami'an kwastam sun kai farmaki jirgin Martinair mai lamba 6912 Boeing 747-400 a filin jirgin sama na Ministro Pistarini da ke Ezeiza, Buenos Aires, Argentina, wanda ya gano 84.&nbsp;kilogiram na hodar iblis da aka boye tsakanin pallets na kaya.  

## Manazarta

### ambato

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