Yaki da Daular Musulunci

Wannan labarin yana magana ne game da yakin duniya da aka yi da Daular Musulunci.  Don yakin da Iraki ta yi da Daular Islama, duba Yakin Iraki (2013-2017).  Don shigar da sojojin kungiyar Islamic State a Syria, duba yakin basasar Syria.  Ga Masar, duba tawayen Sinai.

Yawancin jihohi sun fara tsoma baki a kan Daular Islama, a cikin yakin basasar Siriya da yakin Iraki (2013-2017), don mayar da martani ga ci gaban yankunan da ta samu daga hare-haren Arewacin Iraki na 2014, da yanke hukuncin kisa a duniya, cin zarafi na 'yancin ɗan adam da kuma tsoron ci gaba da rikici na yakin basasar Siriya.  A cikin shekarun baya, an kuma sami wasu ‘yan kananan matakan shiga tsakani da wasu jihohi suka yi kan kungiyoyin da ke da alaka da IS a Najeriya da Libya.  Duk waɗannan ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce sun ƙasƙantar da ƙarfin ikon Daular Islama a kusan 2019-2020.  Yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabza kazamin fada a Syria, ya zuwa shekarar 2025, an kame IS a wani karamin yanki da karfin iko.A tsakiyar watan Yunin 2014, Iran, a cewar bayanan Amurka da Birtaniya, ta fara shawagi da jiragen sama marasa matuka a kan Iraki, kuma a cewar Reuters, sojojin Iran na Iraki suna yaki da IS.  A lokaci guda kuma, Amurka ta umarci wasu tsirarun sojoji zuwa Iraki tare da fara jigilar jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu a kan Iraki.  A watan Yulin 2014, a cewar Cibiyar Nazarin Dabaru ta kasa da kasa, Iran ta aika da jirgin Sukhoi Su-25 zuwa Iraki, kuma ana zargin Hizbullah ta aike da masu horarwa da masu ba da shawara zuwa Iraki domin su taimaka wa mayakan Shi'a wajen sa ido kan harkokin IS.  A watan Agustan shekara ta 2014, Amurka da Iran daban-daban sun fara kai hare-hare ta sama kan wuraren da kungiyar IS ta ke a Iraki.  Tun a wancan lokaci kasashe 14 da ke cikin kawancen da Amurka ke jagoranta, su ma suka aiwatar da hare-hare ta sama kan kungiyar IS a Iraki da Syria.  Tun daga watan Satumba na shekarar 2014, Amurka ta fara hada kai da Saudiyya da Jordan don kai harin bama-bamai ta sama a kan mayakan IS a fadin Iraki da Siriya.

A watan Satumban shekarar 2015 ne sojojin kasar Rasha suka kaddamar da shiga tsakani na soji a kasar Siriya domin tallafawa kasar da ke kawance da Bashar al-Assad a yakin da ake yi da kungiyar IS.  Duk da cewa Moscow a hukumance ta bayyana tsoma bakinta a matsayin kamfen na yaki da IS tare da bayyana goyon bayanta ga "'yan adawar Siriya masu kishin kasa", mafi yawan hare-haren bama-bamai sun fi mayar da hankali ne kan lalata sansanonin mayakan 'yan adawar Siriya na Free Syrian Army (FSA) da Kudancin Front.  A daya hannun kuma, Amurka da kawayenta na Yamma suna adawa da gwamnatin Ba'ath saboda zarginta na daukar nauyin ayyukan ta'addanci, da murkushe juyin juya hali na Siriya da kuma amfani da makamai masu guba.  Gamayyar kawancen da Amurka ke jagoranta ta horar da, samar da kayan aiki da kuma tallafa wa mayakan sa kai na 'yan tawaye na Siriya da Kurdawa masu adawa da gwamnatin Assad a lokacin yakin da take yi da IS.  A cikin watannin da aka fara kai hare-hare ta sama, kungiyar IS ta fara rasa kasa a Iraki da Siriya. Mutuwar fararen hula daga hare-haren jiragen sama ya fara karuwa a cikin 2015 da 2016.A tsakiyar shekarar 2016, Amurka da Rasha sun shirya fara daidaita hare-haren da suke kaiwa ta sama;  duk da haka, wannan haɗin kai bai samu ba.

Ya zuwa watan Disamba na 2017, an kiyasta cewa IS ba ta mallaki wani yanki a Iraki ba, da kuma kashi 5% na yankin Syria, bayan da aka dauki tsawon lokaci ana yi. A ranar 9 ga Disamba 2017, Iraki ta ayyana nasara a yakin da ake yi da ISIL tare da bayyana cewa yakin Iraki ya kare. A ranar 23 ga watan Maris, 2019, IS ta yi galaba a kan wasu yankuna a kasar Syria, bayan da ta sha kashi a yakin Baghuz Fawqani, bayan da aka tilasta wa kungiyar shiga tawaye.  Shugaban IS, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, ya mutu a wani samame na musamman na Amurka a arewacin Siriya a watan Oktoban 2019sannan Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi ya gaje shi.  Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kiyasta a watan Agustan 2020 cewa sama da mayakan IS 10,000 ne suka rage a Syria da Iraki, musamman a matsayin masu barci.

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