West Ham United FC

**West Ham United Football Club** kungiya ce ta ƙwallon ƙafa da ke zaune a Stratford, Gabashin London, Ingila . Kungiyar tana fafatawa a Gasar Firimiya, babbar kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Ingila. Kungiyar tana taka leda a Filin wasa na London, bayan sun ƙaura daga tsohon gidansu, Boleyn Ground, a cikin shekarar 2016.

An kafa West Ham United a 1895 a matsayin Thames Ironworks kuma an sake gyara shi a 1900 a matsayin West Ham United . Ya koma Boleyn Ground, wanda ya kasance gidansa sama da ƙarni guda, a cikin 1904. Kungiyar ta fara fafatawa a Kudancin Kudancin da Kudancin Yammacin Kudanci kafin ta shiga Kungiyar kwallon kafa a 1919. An inganta shi zuwa saman jirgin a 1923, lokacin da kuma rasa dan wasan karshe a wasan karshe na FA Cup na farko da aka gudanar a Wembley. A shekara ta 1940, kulob din ya lashe gasar cin kofin kwallon kafa ta farko.

Kungiyar West Ham United ta lashe manyan girmamawa biyar a tarihinta. A cikin gida, ta lashe Kofin FA sau uku (1964, 1975 da 1980) kuma ta ci gaba sau biyu (1923 da 2006). A cikin wasannin Turai, kulob din ya kai manyan wasannin karshe na Turai guda uku inda ya lashe kofin Kofin Turai a shekarar 1965, inda ya kammala a matsayi na biyu a gasar a shekarar 1976, kuma ya lashe gasar ta biyu ta Kungiyar a shekarar 2023. Har ila yau, kulob din ya lashe kofin Turai guda daya ta hanyar lashe Kofin Intertoto a shekarar 1999. West Ham United na ɗaya daga cikin kungiyoyi takwas da ba su taɓa fadowa ƙasa da matakin na biyu na ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila ba, suna ciyar da 66 daga cikin lokutan league 98 a saman jirgin, har zuwa ciki har da kakar 2023-24. Matsayi mafi girma na kulob din har zuwa yau ya zo ne a 1985-86, lokacin da ya sami matsayi na uku a cikin rukunin farko na lokacin.

## Tarihi

### Asalin

An kafa farkon karɓar jiki na West Ham United a cikin shekarar 1895 a matsayin Thames Ironworks F.C., ƙungiyar aiki ta mafi girma kuma ta ƙarshe mai gina jirgi a kan Thames, Thames Ironwork da Shipbuilding Company, ta foreman da alƙalin ƙungiyar gida Dave Taylor da mai shi Arnold Hills  kuma an sanar da shi a cikin Thames Iron Works Gazette na watan Yuni a shekarar 1895. Thames Ironworks ya kasance a Leamouth Wharf a Blackwall da Canning Town a bangarorin biyu na Kogin Lea, inda Lea ta haɗu da Thames. Thames Ironworks ya gina jiragen ruwa da yawa da sauran gine-gine, wanda ya fi shahara shine . Jirgin karshe da aka gina a can shine  a cikin 1912 kuma an rufe filin ba da daɗewa ba.

Gidan gyare-gyare na Castle Shipping Line makwabci ne mai kusa da kuma ƙungiyar aikinsu, da farko an san su da Castle Swifts, za su haɗu da ƙungiyar Thames Ironworks.

Kungiyar ta taka leda ne kawai a shekara ta 1895 aƙalla, tare da ƙungiyar da ke nuna ma'aikatan aiki da yawa. Thomas Freeman ya kasance mai kashe gobara a cikin jiragen ruwa kuma Walter Parks, magatakarda ne. Johnny Stewart, Walter Tranter da James Lindsay duk sun kasance masu yin tukunyar ruwa. Sauran ma'aikata sun hada da William Chapman, George Sage da Fred Chamberlain, da kuma ɗan koyo Charlie Dove, wanda zai sami babban tasiri a makomar kulob din a baya.

### Haihuwar West Ham United (1901-1961)
West Ham United ta shiga Western League a kakar 1901  yayin da take ci gaba da taka leda a Kudancin Kudancin 1. A shekara ta 1907, West Ham ta lashe gasar zakarun Yammacin League Division 1B, sannan ta doke 'yan wasan 1A Fulham 1-0 don zama 'yan wasan Yammacin Turai. Kungiyar da aka sake haifuwa ta ci gaba da buga wasanninsu a Memorial Grounds a Plaistow (wanda Arnold Hills ya ba da kuɗin) amma ta koma filin wasa a yankin Upton Park a matsayin filin wasa na Boleyn Ground a cikin 1904. Wasan farko na West Ham a sabon gidansu ya kasance a kan abokan hamayya Millwall (su da kansu ƙungiyar Ironworks, duk da cewa ga kamfani mai hamayya) wanda ya jawo taron mutane 10,000 kuma tare da West Ham suna gudu daga masu nasara 3-0, kuma kamar yadda Daily Mirror ya rubuta a ranar 2 ga Satumba 1904, "An gamsu da yanayin da ya juya kyau bayan ruwan sama mai yawa na safiyar jiya; lokacin da suka doke Millwall da kwallaye 3 zuwa 0 a sabon shinge a Upton Park".

## Filin wasa

Har zuwa 2016, West Ham sun kasance a Boleyn Ground, wanda aka fi sani da Upton Park, a Newham, Gabashin London. Matsayin Boleyn Ground ya kai 35,016,  kuma ya kasance filin West Ham tun 1904. Kafin wannan, a cikin jiki na baya na Thames Ironworks, sun yi wasa a Hermit Road a Canning Town kuma a takaice a Browning Road a East Ham, kafin su koma Memorial Grounds a Plaistow a 1897. Sun riƙe filin wasa a lokacin da suka sauya zuwa zama West Ham United kuma sun kasance a can har tsawon shekaru hudu kafin su koma Boleyn Ground a 1904.

Tsohon shugaban Eggert Magnússon ya bayyana burinsa ga West Ham ya koma filin wasan Olympics bayan Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2012, sha'awar da shugabannin yanzu Gold da Sullivan suka sake jaddadawa lokacin da suka karɓi iko da kulob din suna mai cewa sun ji cewa mataki ne mai ma'ana ga gwamnati kamar yadda yake a cikin garin Newham.

## Manazarta