open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Maria Helena Taipo

**Maria Helena Taipo** (an haife ta a ranar 12 ga watan Agusta 1961) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Mozambique wacce ta kasance Ministar Aiki tsawon shekaru goma kuma ta kasance gwamnar lardin Sofala tun daga shekarar 2015.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Taipo a ranar 12 ga watan Agusta, 1961 a ƙauyen Chihilo, gundumar Malema, Lardin Nampula. Ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1979 sannan ta kammala digirin farko a fannin kimiyyar ilimi a Jami'ar Katolika ta Mozambique a shekarar 2000. A shekarar 2004, ta kammala digiri na biyu a fannin gudanar da ilimi.

## Aiki
Taipo memba ce ta ƙungiyar 'Yantar da Mozambique kuma Shugaba Armando Guebuza ya naɗa ta Ministar Kwadago a shekarar 2005,  kuma an sake naɗa ta bayan zaɓen shekara ta 2009.  

Bayan zaɓen shugaban ƙasa a shekarar 2014, Filipe Nyusi bai ci gaba da riƙe Taipo a cikin majalisar ministoci ba, amma a ranar 19 ga watan Janairu 2015 ya naɗa ta gwamna a lardin Sofala.    A shekarar 2015, a lokacin wani rikici tsakanin 'yan sanda da ƙungiyoyin 'yan adawa na ƙasar Mozambique a Beira, Taipo ta shiga tsakani don tabbatar da cewa tashin hankali ba zai haifar da rikici da makamai ba.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Shafin gwamnati na Sofala
Zainap Gashaeva

**Zainap Gashaeva** ( Russian   ; an haife ta a shekarar 1953) ƙwararriyar mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ce ta Chechnya. An san ta da rubuta laifukan yaƙi da suka faru a lokacin yaƙe-yaƙen Chechnya, wanda ta sami kyaututtuka da dama.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Gashaeva a shekarar 1953 a Jamhuriyar gurguzu ta Soviet ta Kazakhstan, cikin dangin Chechen da aka ƙaura daga Chechnya a lokacin da aka tilasta wa mutanen Nakh komawa Tsakiyar Asiya a shekarar 1944. Tun tana ƙarama, an ba Gashaeva laƙabin "Khokha", ma'ana " kurciya " a Chechen .   Ba ta san abin da ya sa iyalinta suka ƙaura zuwa Kazakhstan ba sai an gaya musu game da kisan gillar Khaibakh, inda sojojin Soviet suka kashe sama da ƙauye 700 a ƙauyen Khaybakha na Chechen.  Mahaifin Gashaeva ya mutu yana da shekaru 12, kuma ba da daɗewa ba dangin suka koma Grozny, babban birnin Chechnya. Gashaeva ta yi karatun tattalin arziki a jami'a kafin ta yi aure ta zama uwar 'ya'ya huɗu, ta zauna a Moscow, babban birnin Rasha .  

A shekarar 1994, bayan barkewar Yaƙin Chechen na Farko, Gashaeva ta koma Grozny, inda ta fara ɗaukar hotuna da rikodin laifukan yaƙi da aka aikata a Chechnya. Ta zama memba na Ƙungiyar Matan Arewa, kuma a shekarar 1995 ta shirya wani gangamin zaman lafiya daga Moscow zuwa Grozny. A shekarar 1997, Gashaeva ta kafa ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ta Echo of War, wadda ke neman mutanen da suka ɓace kuma ta ba da taimako ga yaran da yaƙin ya shafa marayu.  

A shekarar 1999, bayan fara Yaƙin Chechen na Biyu, Gashaeva ta ci gaba da aikinta na kare haƙƙin ɗan adam.  A lokacin yaƙin, hukumomin Rasha sun zarge ta da alaƙa da 'yan ta'addar Chechen. A shekarar 2010, Gashaeva ta tsere daga Rasha, inda ta sami mafaka a Switzerland .  

A shekarar 2005, Gashaeva ta yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da PeaceWomen a fadin duniya na Rasha da Belarus, wanda ke da nufin haɓaka ayyukan mata masu fafutukar zaman lafiya. 

A shekarar 2011, hotunan da Gashaeva ya ɗauka sun ƙunshi fiye da rabin kayan da aka haɗa a cikin Taskar Tarihi ta Chechen, wani rumbun adana bidiyo da reshen Switzerland na Society for Threatened Peoples ya ƙirƙira a shekarar 2011. [1] [2] Taskar tana da nufin taimakawa wajen binciken laifukan yaƙi da aka aikata a yaƙe-yaƙen Chechen waɗanda ba a hukunta su ba. An fitar da hotunan daga Rasha zuwa Bern, inda aka mayar da su na dijital. [3] [4]

## Ganewa
A shekarar 2002, an nada Gashaeva a matsayin wacce ta lashe kyautar Swiss Foundation for Freedom and Human Rights. Ta sami kyautar Lev Kopelev a shekarar 2005 da kuma kyautar Ida Somazzi a shekarar 2011.    

A shekarar 2005, daraktan Switzerland Eric Bergkraut ya yi wani shirin gaskiya game da Gashaeva mai suna *Khokha: Kurciya daga Chechnya* .  

## Manazarta
Hadijat Gatayeva

**Hadijat Gatayeva** (wanda kuma aka fi sani da **Hadizhat Gataeva** ko **Khadijad Gataeva** ) 'yar fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama ce ta Musulmi ' yar Chechnya wadda tare da mijinta Malik suka kula da wasu marayun yaƙi na Grozny . Yawanci ana kiranta da **Hadijat** .

Gatayeva da 'ya'yanta suna ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka yi magana a fim ɗin shirin gaskiya na shekarar 2005 mai suna *The 3 Rooms of Melancholia* ( *[[:fi:Melancholian 3 huonetta|Melancholian 3 huonetta]]* ) wanda Pirjo Honkasalo ya shirya, wanda tun daga lokacin yake ci gaba da hulɗa da ita. Hadijat kuma ita ce mai taken " mala'ika " a cikin littafin " *Angel of Grozny: Orphans of a Forgotten War"* na Åsne Seierstad .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Gatayeva, wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin ƙaramar ma'aikaciyar jinya ga sojojin 'yan aware a Yaƙin Chechen na Farko, ta buɗe gidan marayu na wucin gadi ga yaran da ke kan tituna a shekarar 1996. Bayan fara Yaƙin Chechen na Biyu a shekarar 1999, na tsawon lokaci ta kula da gidan marayunta a wani sansanin 'yan gudun hijira a jamhuriyar Ingushetia da ke makwabtaka da ita; an tilasta mata komawa Grozny da aka lalata bayan an katse wutar lantarki da ruwa daga sansanin bayan hawan Murat Zyazikov a shekarar 2002.

Daga ƙarshe, ta ƙaura daga Rasha zuwa Kaunas da ke Lithuania . A ranar 16 ga Oktoba 2008, an ruwaito cewa Gatayeva ta "ɓace" bayan da 'yan sandan Lithuania suka kama ta da mijinta a Kaunas bisa tuhumar da ba a fayyace ba. 

A ranar 7 ga Janairun 2010, 'yan sandan Finland suka kama Gatayeva da mijinta. An kama su ne bisa ga sammacin kama su na Turai daga Lithuania. Kafin kama su, Gatayeva da mijinta sun nemi mafakar siyasa a Finland . An ba da mafakar siyasa ga hukumomin Lithuania a watan Mayun 2012.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Marayun Grozny da yaƙi ya taurare suna ƙoƙarin sake zama yara, *The Globe and Mail*, 1996
* Yaran Grozny na Yaƙi suna fatan samun Kwanaki Masu Kyau, Reuters, 26 Disamba 1997
* Marayu na Yaƙi Ɗaya Yanzu Suna Fuskantar Wani, *Jaridar Washington Post*, 6 ga Oktoba, 1999
* Marayu da aka yi wa yaƙin Chechen sun cika da kyauta, *Toronto Star*, 5 ga Mayu, 2002
* Marubuciya Asne Seierstad ta shiga jahannama tare da mala'ikan Grozny, *Jaridar Sunday Times*, Maris 2, 2008
* Yaran Grozny da suka ɓace, *Jaridar The Sydney Morning Herald*, Maris 22, 2008
* Mafaka ga marayun da guguwar Chechen ta Rasha ta shafa, *Jaridar Independent*, Maris 28, 2008
* Shaida ga tsoro, *The Post*, 20 ga Afrilu, 2008
Zarema Muzhakhoyeva

**Zarema Muzhakhoyeva** (kuma an fassara shi da **Muzhikhoeva** ; Russian   An haife ta a shekarar 1980) mace ce 'yar Ingush kuma wacce za ta zama *shahidka* ( mace mai kunar bakin wake ) wacce ta mika wuya ga 'yan sandan Moscow a ranar 9 ga Yuli, 2003, maimakon ta tarwatsa kanta. Kafin a tura ta zuwa Moscow, Muzhakhoyeva ta kuma kasa cimma wani aiki na kai hari kan wata bas tare da ma'aikatan rundunar sojin saman Rasha a Mozdok, Arewacin Ossetia, kuma ta zauna a gidan Nur-Pashi Kulayev a Ingushetia.   

Daga baya, an kashe wani kwararre kan zubar da bama-bamai na FSB, Manjo Georgy Trofimov, yayin da yake kokarin rage na'urorin Muzhakhoyeva.

An saka Muzhakhoyeva a gidan yarin Lefortovo mai tsaro sosai kuma ta yarda ta zama mai ba da labari ga FSB; daga baya, ta kuma yi hira da kafofin watsa labarai na Rasha da dama. Duk da cikakken hadin gwiwarta da FSB, wanda ya haifar da kamawa da kashe 'yan Riyad-us Saliheen da dama a Moscow da Chechnya, ƙaramar shekarunta, da kuma rashin tarihin aikata laifuka a baya, a watan Afrilun 2004 an same ta da laifin dukkan tuhume-tuhume, ciki har da ta'addanci, kuma an yanke mata hukuncin shekaru 20 a sansanin kurkuku bisa buƙatar masu yanke hukunci, wanda ba a sami wani dalili mai gamsarwa ba a shari'arta. An kuma yi watsi da daukaka karar da ta shigar zuwa Kotun Koli ta Rasha . [1] [2]

Daga baya Muzhakhoyeva ta shaida wa wata jaridar Rasha cewa ta koma ga ta'addanci bayan da aka kashe mijinta a wata takaddama ta kasuwanci kuma ta sace kayan ado daga kakanninta kuma 'yan uwanta suka daskarar da ita. 

## Manazarta
Elena Milashina

**Elena Valeryevna Milashina** ( Russian     ; an haife ta a shekarar 1977)   'yar jaridar bincike ce ta Rasha a *Novaya Gazeta .* Ta sami kyaututtuka da yawa saboda aikinta.

An yi wa Milashina barazana da kai mata hari sau da yawa saboda aikinta tsawon fiye da shekaru goma. A shekarar 2023, an yi mata mummunan duka yayin da take bayar da rahoto kan shari'a a Chechnya .

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Elena Milashina a shekarar 1977. A tsakanin 1994–95, ta shiga shirin musayar FLEX ; wannan ya taimaka mata ta ƙara shiga Jami'ar Jihar Moscow . 

## Sana'a
A shekarar 1997, Milashina ta fara aiki a matsayin 'yar jarida kuma 'yar jarida a *Novaya Gazeta*, yayin da take karatu a lokaci guda. Ɗaya daga cikin masu ba ta shawara ita ce Anna Politkovskaya . A shekarar 2001 ta kammala karatunta a Faculty of Journalism na Jami'ar Jihar Moscow .

Bangarorin da suka fi jan hankalin Milashina sun haɗa da cin hanci da rashawa, take haƙƙin ɗan adam a Arewacin Caucasus da Chechnya, musamman binciken mamayar makarantar Beslan a shekarar 2004, kisan gillar da aka yi wa Anna Politkovskaya a shekarar 2006, rikicin 2008 a Kudancin Ossetia, da kuma sacewa da kisan gillar Natalya Estemirova a shekarar 2009.  Ta kuma bayar da rahoto game da ayyukan tsarkake masu adawa da luwadi a Chechnya .  

Ta ci gaba da binciken da abokiyar aikinta Anna Politkovskaya, wacce aka kashe a Moscow a shekarar 2006, ta fara, da kuma bincikenta mai zaman kanta kan abubuwan da suka faru a Arewacin Caucasus . 

## Hare-hare da barazana
Da sanyin safiyar ranar 5 ga Afrilu, 2012, Milashina, tare da kawarta Ella Asoyan, wasu mahara biyu da ba a san ko su waye ba sun kai hari a unguwar Balashikha da ke Moscow . 

A lokacin da suka ziyarci Grozny, Chechnya a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, 2020, don halartar shari'a, Milashina da lauyar kare hakkin dan adam Marina Dubrovina sun fuskanci hari kuma sun sha kashi daga wasu mata da ba a san ko su waye ba a harabar otal ɗin Kontinental. 

*Novaya Gazeta* ta ruwaito a ranar 8 ga Fabrairu, 2022 cewa an tilasta wa Milashina barin Rasha saboda barazanar da ake yi mata.  

A watan Yulin 2023, an kwantar da Milashina da Alexander Nemov, lauyan Zarema Musayeva, wanda Milashina ke kula da shari'arsa, a asibiti bayan da aka ruwaito cewa wata kungiya mai dauke da makamai ta kai musu hari a Chechnya. [1] [2] Maharan sun kuma aske kan Milashina suka rufe shi da fenti kore, wanda aka sani da harin Zelyonka, yayin da suke gaya mata ta tafi kada ta rubuta wani labari, a cewar kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta Memorial . [1] [2] An kai Milashina da Nemov ta jirgin sama zuwa Moscow, inda aka kwantar da Milashina da rauni a kwakwalwa, da karaya da dama a hannu da kuma raunuka. [3] [4] [5]

## Lambobin yabo da girmamawa

*  a cikin rukunin 'Yan Jarida na Bincike don jerin kayan aiki game da jirgin ruwan ƙarƙashin ruwa na Rasha  (K-141)  
* Kyautar Alison Des Forges ta Human Rights Watch ta Human Rights Watch don fafutukar da ba ta misaltuwa (2009)  
* Ƙungiyar 'Yan Jarida ta Knight-Wallace (2009-2010)
* Kyautar Jarumtakar Mata ta Duniya (2013) 
* Kyautar Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai Kyauta (2016) 

## Manazarta
Selma Ashipala-Musavyi

**Selma Ashipala-Musavyi** (an haife ta a ranar 16 ga watan Yuni 1960) jami'ar diflomasiyya ce ta Namibia wacce take aiki a matsayin ministar hulɗa da ƙasashen duniya da cinikayya, haka kuma memba ce a Majalisar Dokokin Kasar Namibia tun daga ranar 21 ga watan Maris 2025 a matsayin memba na Jam'iyyar SWAPO.  

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Selma Ashipala-Musavyi a ranar 16 ga watan Yuni, 1960 a garin Walvis Bay da ke bakin teku a yankin Erongo, Namibia. Ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin karatun diflomasiyya daga Jami'ar Keele.

## Aiki
A watan Maris na shekarar 2020, an naɗa ta a matsayin babbar kwamishina a Ghana, matsayin da ta riƙe har zuwa lokacin da aka naɗa ta minista a ranar 21 ga watan Maris 2025. Ashipala-Musavyi ta yi ritaya daga aikin gwamnati a shekarar 2020 bayan ta shiga ma'aikatar harkokin waje a shekarar 1990 a matsayin mataimakiyar darakta. Babban abin da ya fi burge ta a aikin gwamnati shi ne naɗinta a watan Yunin 2013 a matsayin mace ta farko da aka naɗa a lokacin a matsayin sakatariya na dindindin a ma'aikatar harkokin waje. A matsayinta na sakatariya na dindindin, ta jagoranci manyan taruka a SADC da SADC Organ kan siyasa, tsaro, da tsaro. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugabar kwamitin ba da shawara kan makamai na babban sakataren Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya kan makamai. Ta riƙe muƙamai da dama na jakadu, ciki har da jakadiya a Austria da babban kwamishiniya a Najeriya, da sauransu.

## Manazarta
Priscilla Beukes

**Priscilla Beukes** 'yar siyasa ce ta ƙasar  Namibia. An zaɓe ta a matsayin 'yar majalisar dokokin ƙasar Namibia a shekarar 2010. Daga baya aka naɗa ta a matsayin mataimakiyar ministar harkokin gidaje da makamashi, inda Jerry Ekandjo ke jagorantar ma'aikatar. Beukes a da ita ce magajiyar garin Mariental, yankin Hardap. 

## Manazarta
Zarema Sadulayeva

**Zarema Sadulayeva** ( Russian:  , 1974 – 10 ga Agusta 2009) ta kasance mai fafutukar kare yara ta Rasha kuma shugabar ƙungiyar agaji ta Let's Save the Generation, wacce ke Chechnya .  An same ta da mijinta, Alik Djabrailov (11 ga Agusta 1976 – 10 ga Agusta 2009),  an kashe su a watan Agusta 2009. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Ita ce shugabar ƙungiyar agaji ta "Let's Save the Generation" ta Chechnya.  Ƙungiyar agajin ta tana aiki tare da Unicef don taimaka wa yaran Chechen da tashin hankalin da ya mamaye yankin Caucasus tun daga shekarun 1990.  Ƙungiyar agajin tana ba da shawarwari kan tunani da taimakon jiki ga marayu, yara nakasassu da sauran waɗanda yaƙin da aka yi da 'yan awaren Chechen ya shafa. 

Sadulayeva da Djabrailov, waɗanda suma suka yi aiki a cikin ƙungiyar agaji, sun yi aure a shekarar 2009.  Ba a bayyana ko ɗaya daga cikinsu a matsayin mai himma a siyasa ba. 

## Sace mutane, mutuwa, da kuma abubuwan da suka biyo baya
An sace Sadulayeva da Djabrailov a ofishin ƙungiyar agajin ne ta hannun wasu 'yan bindiga sanye da kayan kariya a ranar 9 ga Agusta, 2009. [1] [2] An same su duka a cikin motar Djabrailov da aka harba har lahira a ranar 10 ga Agusta, 2009, a Chernorechye, wani yanki na Grozny . [1]

Mutuwar Zarema Sadulayeva ta biyo bayan irin wannan sace-sacen da aka yi wa mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam Natalia Estemirova a Chechnya a watan Yulin 2009. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin Sace-sacen Mutane
* Jerin shari'o'in mutanen da suka ɓace da aka warware

## Manazarta
Evelyn ǃNawases-Taeyele

**Evelyn ǃNawases-Taeyele** (an haife ta a ranar 1 ga watan Yuni 1976 a Leonardville da ke yankin Omaheke) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Namibia. Ta kasance 'yar majalisa a Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa tun a shekarar 2005 kuma tana aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar ministar raya birane da karkara (Namibia).    A cikin aikinta na majalisa, tana aiki a matsayin shugabar harkokin kundin tsarin mulki da shari'a da kuma mataimakiyar bulala.  ǃNawases-Taeyele tana aiki a matsayin memba na kwamitin tsakiya na Jam'iyyar SWAPO.

## Manazarta
Nina Yefimova

**Nina Yefimova** (kimanin 1971 — 9 ga Mayu, 1996, Rasha, Chechnya, Grozny ) 'yar jarida ce ga *Vozrozhdeniye* ("Revival"), wata jarida ta Rasha da ke Grozny, babban birnin Chechen . Ita ce 'yar jarida ta 18 da aka kashe a Chechnya tun lokacin da fada ya tsananta a watan Disamba na 1994. 

A ranar 9 ga Mayu, 1996, an gano Nina Yefimova, mai shekaru 25, a mace sakamakon harbin bindiga a bayan kai. An kuma kashe mahaifiyarta mai shekaru 73, bayan an sace su duka daga gidansu da ke wajen Grozny. An gano gawar Yefimova washegari da safe a gundumar Leninsky da ke Grozny, yayin da aka gano mahaifiyarta a daren ranar a wani masana'antar abinci da aka yi da gwangwani a Grozny. 

'Yan jarida a Grozny da Moscow sun yi imanin cewa kisan nata yana da alaƙa da labaran da ta buga game da laifuka a Chechnya. Wani jami'in tsaro na yankin wanda ya ƙi ba wa 'yan jarida sunansa ya yi iƙirarin cewa an aikata kisan "saboda dalilai na sirri." Jaridar Yefimova ta bayyana a matsayin "mai zaman kanta" ta Glasnost Defence Foundation, wata ƙungiyar masu sa ido kan kafofin watsa labarai ta Moscow. A wannan lokacin, dukkan kafofin watsa labarai a Chechnya suna ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Doku Zavgayev da Moscow ta kafa. [1] [2]

## Duba kuma

* Nadezhda Chaikova
* Anna Politkovskaya

## Manazarta
Faustina Caley

**Faustina Namutenya Caley** (an haife ta a ranar 17 ga watan Nuwamba 1956) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Namibia. Caley, memba ce a SWAPO, ta shiga majalisar dokoki a shekarar 2015 kuma an naɗa ta mataimakiyar Ministan Ilimi, Fasaha da Al'adu daga shekarun 2020 zuwa r6 21 ga watan Maris 2025.

## Rayuwar farko da kuma aikin ƙwararru
An haifi Faustina Caley a ranar 17 ga watan Nuwamba, 1956, a Ruurumwe, Kavango West, kuma ta girma a Sarusungu wanda yanzu ake kira Kaisosi, a Kavango East. Ta fara makarantar firamare a yankin Kavango kuma ta kammala aji 12 a Makarantar Sakandare ta Rundu. Caley ta halarci Kwalejin Horarwa ta Augustineum kuma ta kammala karatunta da takardar shaidar ma'aikaciyar zamantakewa a shekarar 1979. Ta yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar zamantakewa na gwamnati har zuwa shekara ta 1983. 

A shekarar 1990, ta zama shugabar riƙo ta makarantar sakandare ta Dr Romanus Kampungu da ke Rundu. Daga shekarun 1991, Caley ta yi aiki a Ma'aikatar Ilimi a muƙamai daban-daban har zuwa shekara ta 2014, inda ta kai matsayin daraktar ilimi na yankin Otjozondjupa. A lokaci guda kuma ta sami digiri na uku daban-daban, difloma a fannin ilimin firamare daga Jami'ar Namibia (1997), digiri na farko a fannin Falsafa daga Jami'ar Hull, Burtaniya (1998), digiri na biyu a fannin Ilimi (M.Ed) daga Jami'ar Manchester (1999), da kuma difloma ta gaba a fannin Nazarin Gudanarwa daga MANCOSA, Afirka ta Kudu (2003). 

## Aikin siyasa
Caley ta zama memba na Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa ta SWAPO a shekarar 2015  kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar kwamitin majalisar dokoki kan fasahar sadarwa da kirkire-kirkire.   A lokacin majalisar dokoki na 2020-2025, an naɗa ta mataimakiyar ministar Ilimi na Asali, Fasaha da Al'adu.

## Manazarta
Irina Yanina

Yanina ( Russian  **Ири́на Ю́рьевна Я́нина** ; 27 Nuwamba 1966 - 31 Agusta 1999) ma'aikaciyar jinya ce ta Rasha, sajan likita kuma Jarumi na Tarayyar Rasha .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Irina Yanina a garin Taldy-Kurgan, Jamhuriyar gurguzu ta Soviet ta Kazakhstan . Bayan kammala karatunta daga makarantar likitanci, Irina Yanina ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar ma'aikaciyar jinya da kuma ma'aikaciyar jinya a wani asibitin tarin fuka da kuma a wani asibitin haihuwa . 

## Aikin soja
A shekarar 1995 ta shiga cikin Rundunar Sojojin Cikin Gida ta Rasha ta Ma'aikatar Harkokin Cikin Gida (Rasha) . Ta yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya a wani kamfanin likitanci na rundunar sojoji ta 22 a garin Kalach-na-Donu . A lokacin Yaƙin Chechen na Farko Irina ta yi rangadin aiki sau biyu a yankin da rikici ya faru. A lokacin Yaƙin Chechen na Biyu, an tura rundunarta zuwa Dagestan a watan Yulin 1999. 

### Mutuwa
A ranar 31 ga watan Agusta na shekarar 1999, Sajant Yanina tana tare da wata ƙungiyar da ke ba da taimako ga sojojin da suka ji rauni a lokacin yaƙin da ake yi da ƙauyen Karamakhi . Ta ba da taimakon lafiya ga sojoji 15 da suka ji rauni a cikin hatsarin. Bugu da ƙari, ta shiga yaƙin APC a ƙarƙashin ruwan wuta mai ƙarfi na maƙiya har sau uku kuma ta sami nasarar ceto sojoji ashirin da takwas na rundunar sojin ƙasa. 

Lokacin da take ƙoƙarin isa ga waɗanda suka ji rauni a karo na huɗu, abokan gaba sun koma dabarun kai hari. Irina Yanina ta shirya jigilar waɗanda suka ji rauni kuma ta rufe aikin da bindiga mai harba bindiga. Yayin da jam'iyyar APC ɗinsu ke ƙaura daga yankin, an buge ta da gurneti mai harsasai aka kunna wuta. Sajant Yanina ta yi nasarar taimaka wa waɗanda suka ji rauni su fito daga motar da ke ƙonewa, amma ba ta iya barin ta da kanta ba kuma ta mutu a cikin wutar. Saboda jarumtarta, an ƙara Sajant Yanina cikin jerin waɗanda za su yi aikin. [1]

## Duba kuma

* Jerin Jarumai Mata na Tarayyar Rasha

## Manazarta
White Tights

**Farin Tights**, **Farin Pantyhose** ko **Farin Hannun jari**  ( Russian  ,  ; Lithuanian   ; Latvian   ; Estonian   ) wani tatsuniyar birni ce ta Rasha game da sojojin haya mata masu harbi da ke fafatawa da sojojin Rasha a rikice-rikice daban-daban na makamai tun daga ƙarshen shekarun 1980.  Tatsuniyar ta bayyana waɗannan mata a matsayin 'yan wasa masu launin fari kamar na Amazon waɗanda suka zama 'yan ƙasa masu adawa da Rasha. Yawancinsu sun fito ne daga ƙasashen Baltic, amma bambancin tatsuniyar daga baya ya bambanta ƙabilar masu harbi da bindiga, ciki har da matan Ukraine da Rasha a tsakaninsu. Sunan "White Tights" ya samo asali ne daga rigar wasanni ta hunturu mai launin fari da waɗannan masu harbi da bindiga ke sakawa kuma an fara ƙirƙira shi a lokacin Yaƙin Nagorno-Karabakh na Farko .  

## Asalin
An fara bayar da rahoton wannan lamari a ƙarshen shekarun 1980, inda ake ta rade-radin cewa mata ' yan gudun hijirar Baltic ba su da tsari a yakin Soviet-Afghanistan .  Akwai kuma tatsuniyoyi game da su da suka shiga yakin Transnistria, amma marubuciyar Rasha Yulia Shum ta yi jayayya cewa babu wata shaida game da hakan kuma cewa waɗannan jita-jita sun bayyana a matsayin sakamakon kamfen na farfaganda. 

Ya fara bayyana a kafafen yada labarai na harshen Ingilishi ne kawai tare da Yaƙin Chechen na Farko da na Biyu bayan Soviet.    An yi ƙoƙarin danganta zargin kasancewar "White Tights" a Jamhuriyar Chechen ta Ichkeria, ba wai kawai da rundunonin soji na musamman da hukumomin leƙen asiri na ƙasashen Baltic ba, har ma da kyakkyawar alaƙar da shugaban Chechen Dzhokhar Dudayev ke da ita da Gwamnatin Estonia da ɗan siyasan Lithuania Vytautas Landsbergis .  Sergey Yastrzhembsky, Sakataren Yaɗa Labarai na Kremlin a farkon Yaƙin Chechen na Biyu, ya yi jayayya cewa mata 'yan bindigar Baltic sun wanzu bisa ga shaidar da aka samu daga leƙen asirin soja na GRU, waɗanda "ba sa yin kuskure". Gwamnatin Estonia ta nemi shaidar da ke bayan ikirarin kuma ta aika da takardun diflomasiyya sau biyu zuwa Rasha ba tare da samun amsa a hukumance ba. 

## Rikice-rikice daga baya

### Yaƙin Rasha da Georgia
A watan Nuwamba na 2008, Alexander Bastrykin, shugaban Kwamitin Bincike na Babban Mai Shari'a na Rasha, ya ba da shawarar cewa sojojin haya daga ƙasashen Baltic suna cikin waɗanda aka sani sun shiga ɓangaren Georgian a lokacin Yaƙin Russo-Georgian, [1] [2] ciki har da wata mace mai harbin bindiga daga Latvia. [3] [4] Akwai rahotannin masu harbin bindiga daga wasu ƙasashe; [1] waɗannan rahotannin sun tayar da jita-jitar cewa "White Tights" suna aiki a Caucasus . [4] [5] [6] Kakakin Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Latvia, Airis Rikveilis, ya musanta kalaman Bastrykin kamar haka: "Mun yi tunanin cewa fatalwar 'White Tights' ta mutu a cikin jaridun Rasha, amma yanzu mun ga cewa har yanzu tana yawo a Rasha." [7]

### Yaƙin Rasha da Ukraine
A ranar 2 ga Mayu, 2014, Sergey Golyandin, wakilin jaridar Rasha LifeNews a Ukraine, ya ba da rahoton wasu bayanai marasa tushe game da mata 'yan bindigar Baltic da ke fafatawa da sojojin da ke goyon bayan Rasha a lokacin da aka yi wa Sloviansk kawanya :

## Manazarta
Yvonne Dausab

**Yvonne Dausab** lauya ce kuma 'yar siyasa 'yar ƙasar Namibia wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin Ministar Shari'a na ƙasar Namibia daga ranar 21 ga watan Maris 2020 zuwa ranar 21 ga watan Maris 2025.

## Rayuwar farko da aiki
Dausab ta girma a Katutura, wani yanki na daban ga Baƙar fata a Windhoek. Ta kammala Makarantar Sakandare ta A Shipena a matsayin babbar yarinya. Dausab ta kammala makarantar sakandare ba da daɗewa ba bayan samun 'yancin kai na Namibia, kuma ta ci gaba da karatun digiri na farko a fannin Shari'a da LLB a Jami'ar Western Cape da kuma digiri na LL.M. tare da ƙwarewa a fannin 'Yancin Ɗan Adam da Dimokuraɗiyya ta Afirka a Jami'ar Pretoria godiya ga guraben karatu daban-daban. 

An shigar da Dausab a matsayin lauya a Babbar Kotun Namibia a watan Afrilun 2000 tana da shekaru 25.  Daga nan ta yi aiki a fannin kare hakkin ɗan adam a wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta ta Afirka da ke Lusaka, Zambia na tsawon shekaru biyar kafin ta koma Namibia ta kuma shiga wata ƙungiyar lauyoyi masu zaman kansu. A shekarar 2007, Dausab ta shiga Jami'ar Namibia a matsayin malamar shari'a ta ɗan lokaci. A shekarar 2009, ta sami muƙamin malama kuma daga baya aka naɗa ta mataimakiyar shugabar jami'a. 

## Aikin siyasa
Dausab ta bar jami'a a shekarar 2015 lokacin da aka naɗa ta shugabar Hukumar Gyaran Dokoki da Ci Gaban Ƙasa   a shekarar 2015 ta hannun shugaban ƙasar Namibia Hage Geingob.  A watan Maris a shekarar 2020, an naɗa ta Ministar Shari'a, inda ta maye gurbin Sacky Shanghala. 

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Shafin Twitter na hukuma

## Manazarta
Natalia ǀGoagoses

**Natalia ǀGoagoses** (an haife ta a ranar 21 ga watan Janairu 1962) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Namibia kuma a yanzu haka ita ce Gwamnar Yankin Erongo. Ta kasance memba a Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa ta SWAPO tun daga shekarar 2020. A watan Afrilun 2021, an naɗa Goagoses a matsayin mataimakiyar Ministan Ci gaban Birane da Karkara, kuma a watan Satumba na 2023, an mayar da ita Ministar Ilimi Mai Girma, Horarwa da Kirkire-kirkire, kuma a matsayin mataimakiyar minista.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Goagoses a Outjo a ranar 21 ga watan Janairu 1962.  Tana da digirin farko a fannin ilimi (B. Ed.) da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin ilimi (M. Ed.). Ta yi aiki a matsayin malamar makaranta, mai duba ilimi, daraktar ilimi, kuma, daga shekarun 2013, shugabar Majalisar Yankin Erongo.   A watan Janairun 2020, an naɗa ta Mataimakiyar Shugabar Majalisar Gado ta Ƙasa. 

A watan Maris na shekarar 2020, Shugaba Hage Geingob ya naɗa Goagoses a matsayin memba na Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa wanda ba ya jefa ƙuri'a.  A ranar 21 ga watan Afrilu 2021, an naɗa ta mataimakiyar minista a Ma'aikatar Ci gaban Birane da Karkara lokacin da magajin ta Derek Klazen ya koma Ma'aikatar Kifi a matsayin minista.   A ranar 12 ga watan Satumba 2023, a cikin wani sauye-sauye a majalisar ministoci, ǀGoagoses an naɗa ta Mataimakiyar Ministan Ilimi Mai Girma, Horarwa da Kirkire-kirkire. 

An rushe Ministan Ilimi Mai Girma lokacin da shugaba Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah ya hau mulki a watan Maris na 2025.  A ranar 1 ga watan Yuli na 2025, an naɗa Goagoses Gwamnar Yankin Erongo.

## Manazarta
Katrina Hanse-Himarwa

**Katrina Hanse-Himarwa** (22 Janairu 1967 - 14 Yuli 2024) 'yar siyasa ce ta Namibia. Mamba ce a jam'iyyar SWAPO, ta yi aiki a matsayin Ministar Ilimi, Fasaha da Al'adu daga ranar 21 ga watan Maris 2015 zuwa ranar 9 ga watan Yuli 2019, ta yi murabus kwana guda bayan an same ta da laifin cin hanci da rashawa.

## Aiki
An haifi Hanse-Himarwa a ranar 22 ga watan Janairu 1967 a Hoachanas. Ta fara aiki a matsayin malamar makaranta a shekarar 1987 daga baya ta zama shugabar sashen kuma shugabar makaranta. Ta yi karatun digiri na farko a fannin ilimin firamare (BETD) a shekarar 1995 da kuma digiri na farko a fannin fasahar gudanar da ilimi da ta samu a shekarar 1999. Ta fara aiki a matsayin malamar makaranta kuma shugabar makaranta a shekarar 1987. 

## Aikin siyasa
Bayan ta lashe zaɓen mazaɓar Mariental Rural a zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na 2004 a jam'iyyar SWAPO, an naɗa ta gwamnan yankin Hardap, muƙamin da ta riƙe har zuwa shekara ta 2015.  Hanse-Himarwa tana ɗaya daga cikin mutane takwas da aka naɗa a matsayin shugaban ƙasa a Majalisar Dokoki ta 6 ta Namibia a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar da ba ta da ƙuri'a.  Shugaba Hage Geingob ta naɗa ta ministar Ilimi, Fasaha da Al'adu a ranar 21 ga watan Maris 2015.

A watan Yulin 2019, an same Hanse-Himarwa da laifin cin hanci da rashawa da kuma yin ƙarya a ƙarƙashin rantsuwa. Alkaliya Christie Liebenberg a Babbar Kotun Windhoek ta gano cewa ta yi amfani da ofishinta don gamsar da kanta yayin da take aiki a matsayin gwamnan Yankin Hardap don cire sunayen da aka lissafa a cikin wani aikin gidaje na ƙasa don fifita ɗaya daga cikin danginta. Lauya, Sisa Namandje, ta wakilce ta, wacce ba ta nan a lokacin yanke hukuncin. 

Kwana ɗaya bayan yanke hukunci a ranar 9 ga watan Yuli, 2019, Hanse-Himarwa ta yi murabus daga muƙamin ta na ministar ilimi.  Martin Andjaba ya gaje ta a matsayin mukaddashi saboda zaɓen majalisar dokoki na gaba ya rage watanni kalilan.   An yanke wa Hanse-Himarwa hukuncin tarar N$ 50,000 a ranar 31 ga watan Yuli, 2019 a Babbar Kotun Windhoek, inda ta zama mamba ta uku a Jam'iyyar SWAPO tun bayan da aka yanke wa Tobie Aupindi da Marina Kandumbu hukunci. Ta ci gaba da riƙe kujerarta a majalisar dokoki.

## Mutuwa
Hanse-Himarwa ta mutu sakamakon cutar kansa a ranar 14 ga watan Yuli, 2024, tana da shekaru 57.   Ta sami jana'izar hukuma daga Shugaba Nangolo Mbumba kuma an binne ta a Mariental.  

## Karramawa
An ba Hanse-Himarwa lambar yabo mafi girma a Namibia: Aji na Farko a Ranar Jarumai ta shekarar 2014.

## Manazarta
Fuskar Azurfa

***Thin Silver Thread*** (ru. " *Тонкая серебристая нить* ") tarin labarai ne guda 33 na shekarar 2015 na Polina Zherebtsova . Yana nuna rayuwar fararen hula a Grozny a lokacin yakin Chechen . An ƙirƙiri tarin tsakanin 2005 da 2015. Waɗannan labaran sun fahimci rayuwa a lokacin yaƙe-yaƙe kuma suna nuna abin da Zherebtsova ta gani kuma ta fuskanta a Jamhuriyar Chechen .  Cibiyar Sakharov da ke Moscow ta dauki nauyin ƙaddamar da littafin a ranar 13 ga Nuwamba, 2015. 

A cewar *Fontanka.ru*, an saka littafin a cikin "Manyan Littattafai 10 na Kaka na 2015". 

## Salo da nau'in
Shaidun takardu sune tushen waɗannan. Masu suka sun bayyana cewa yana cimma burin ilmantar da tsara mai zuwa. Labarun sun haɗa da sihiri, abubuwan da ba a bayyana ba da kuma tafiye-tafiyen mafarki.

Kowanne labari ya ci gaba da na baya. Labarun an haɗa su cikin rubutu ɗaya mai ci gaba. Jaruman suna yawo daga labari ɗaya zuwa na gaba, kamar takwarorinsu na gaske. Marubuciyar ta bayyana cewa ba ta canza sunayen waɗanda aka kashe ba, don adana tunawa da su. [1]

## Sharhi
Akwai sauyi a salon rubutun. Maimakon shaidar wanzuwa - harshe mai laushi, kamar daga samfurin rubutun yaran Soviet. Babu wanda ya taɓa rubuta game da yakin Chechen ta wannan hanyar; koyaushe muna ganin wasu kisan gilla da tashin hankali da ke tafe wanda kwakwalwarmu ta tace. *Thin Silver Thread* ba labari ne na yara ba; muna fuskantar tsoro daga gashi, yana tsirowa ta cikin ciyawar da ke wurin da aka binne ƙungiyar a cikin lambu, fiye da duk wani rahoto daga Andrei Babitsky.

## Bugawa
Labarin *Little Angel* ya lashe gasar kasa da kasa ta Janusz Korczak a birnin Kudus a shekarar 2006. 

An buga ƙarin labarai biyu *"Zayna"* da "Mita biyu murabba'i" waɗanda za su kasance ɓangare na tarin a cikin mujallar Moscow Medvedj a cikin 2014.

## Haruffa
Wata yarinya mai suna Polina.

Mahaifiyarta ita ce Elena.

Maƙwabtansu a lokacin yaƙi: Sultan, Maryam, Idris, Nina, Nastasia, Rumisa, Ramzan, Zayna, Fatima, Vera, Madina da sauransu.

## Manazarta
Christine ǁHoebes

**Christine ǁHoebes** 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Namibia wacce a yanzu haka take aiki a matsayin babbar mai ba da shawara kan shugaban ƙasa a Fadar Shugabancin Namibia daga watan Mayun 2025. 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi ǁHoebes a Okombahe amma ta girma a Witvlei. Ta yi makaranta a Witvlei, Gobabis da Windhoek, sannan ta kammala Difloma ta Malaman Ilimi na Farko a Kwalejin Ilimi ta Windhoek a shekarar 2001.  tana  karatun digiri na nesa a Jami'ar Afirka ta Kudu da Jami'ar Namibia. 

## Aikin siyasa
ǁHoebes ta shiga siyasa tana da shekaru 23 lokacin da ta zama kansila a Witvlei. An zaɓe ta a matsayin shugabar majalisar ƙauyen kuma a lokacin ita ce magajiyar gari mafi ƙaranci a Namibia. 

ǁHoebes ta shiga majalisar ministoci a shekarar 2015 a matsayin mataimakiyar ministan harkokin shugaban ƙasa.  A wani sauye-sauye da aka yi wa majalisar ministoci a watan Fabrairun 2018, an mayar da Hoebes daga harkokin shugaban ƙasa zuwa harkokin ƙasashen waje, kuma an sake mayar da ita mataimakiyar minista.  A ranar 21 ga watan Maris 2020-21 ga watan Maris 2025, an naɗa ta ministar harkokin shugaban ƙasa.

## Manazarta
Katarina Nipertz

**Katarina Erikintytär Nipertz** (ta mutu a shekara ta 1487) ta kasance mace mai daraja 'yar ƙasar Sweden kuma mai riƙe da gidan sarautar Raseborg Castle, Sweden (yanzu Finland ). 

Ta auri Ivar Axelsson till Lillö, mai riƙe da gidan sarauta na Raseborg. Bayan rasuwarsa a shekara ta 1483, ta karɓi iko da gidan sarauta da gidan sarauta. A shekara ta 1487, mai riƙe da gidan sarauta na Sten Sture the Elder ya naɗa sabon mai riƙe da gidan sarauta na Raseborg kuma ya aika da sojoji can don su mamaye gidan sarautar, kuma ta kare shi tsawon makonni da yawa. 'Yarta Margareta Laurensdotter Tott ta auri Kristiern Bengtsson (Oxenstierna) ƙarama (1475–1520) wacce ta zama ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda abin ya shafa a harin zubar jini na Stockholm a watan Nuwamba 1520. [1] [2]

## Manazarta
Brita Olofsdotter

**Brita Olofsdotter** (ta mutu a shekara ta 1569 CE), ta kasance soja 'yar ƙasar Finland a rundunar sojojin dawaki ta Sweden .    Ita ce wacce aka tabbatar da ita a matsayin soja mace ta farko a Sweden,  kuma ita ce misali na farko da aka tabbatar a Sweden na abubuwan da suka faru a tarihi na mata suna kwaikwayon maza don samun damar shiga ayyukan da aka haramta wa jinsinsu.

Olofsdotter 'yar ƙasar Finland ce kuma gwauruwar Nils Simonsson ce. [1] Ta yi shigar maza kuma ta shiga soja a lokacin Yaƙin Livonian, inda ta yi aiki a cikin sojojin dawaki kuma aka kashe ta a yaƙi. A ranar 16 ga Yuni 1569, John na Uku na Sweden ya umarci Gabriel Christiensson da ya binciki lamarin, kuma ya ba da umarnin a biya sauran albashinta ga iyalinta.

## Manazarta
Annika Svahn

**Annika Svahn** (kuma **Swahn** ;  fl. 1714) fursunan yaƙi ne na ƙasar Finland a lokacin Yaƙin Arewa . Ita 'yar wani babban malami ce, kuma wataƙila ta zama wacce aka fi sani da cin zarafin da fararen hula suka sha a Finland a lokacin mamayar Rasha da aka fi sani da Babban Fushin .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Annika Svahn 'yar limamin coci ce a Joutseno, Benjamin Swahn. Bayan mutuwar mahaifinta a shekarar 1701, lokacin da take ƙarama, an bar mahaifiyarta ta ci gaba da zama a gidan limamin coci a matsayin mai kula da gidan magajin mahaifinta, kuma ta yi aiki a can a matsayin mai hidima. A tsakiyar lokacin rani na 1710, Svahn ta faɗa cikin cinikin bayi a lokacin Babban Fushi ; wasu sojojin Rasha sun sace ta tsirara daga saunarta kuma suka kawo ta a matsayin baiwa zuwa Saint Petersburg . A Saint Petersburg, ita da wasu mata 'yan Finland biyu, an ba su horon soja. A shekarar 1713, an sake yi mata baftisma a cikin addinin gargajiya na Rasha a matsayin Uliana. An ba ta kayan doki, kuma tare da sauran mata 'yan Finland masu irin wannan tarihi, an umarce ta da ta je Finland don taimakawa sojojin Rasha wajen cin nasarar Finland. An raunata ta da harsashi a cinyarta a wajen Porvoo (Borgå) a shekarar 1714. A wannan shekarar, an ba ta aikin yin aiki a matsayin manzo ga 'yan Rasha. Ta yi niyyar yin ƙaura, amma sojojin Sweden sun kama ta a kan hanyarta. Ta yi ikirarinta ga hukumomin sojojin Sweden, waɗanda suka rubuta hakan. Ba a san abin da ya same ta ba bayan haka.

## Gado
Wani shirin opera da talabijin ya ba ta matsayi mai ban mamaki. 

## Duba kuma

* Kustaa Lillbäck
* Lovisa von Burghausen
* Afrosinya

## Manazarta
Lucia Iipumbu

**Lucia Magano Iipumbu** (an haife ta a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwamba 1975 a Onamenga kusa da Elim) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Namibia. 'Yar majalisar SWAPO ce, ta shiga majalisar dokoki a shekarar 2015 kuma nan take aka naɗa ta a matsayin mataimakiyar ministar tattalin arziki da tsare-tsare ta ƙasa.  Bayan sake fasalin majalisar ministoci a watan Fabrairun 2018, ta sauya muƙamai da Piet van der Walt kuma ta zama mataimakiyar ministar masana'antu, ciniki da ci gaban ƙananan hukumomi.  A watan Maris na shekarar 2020, an ɗaukaka ta zuwa minista.  A ranar 20 ga watan Maris, 2025, Iipumbu ta zama Ministar Harkokin Cikin Gida, Shige da Fice, Tsaro da Tsaro. 

Iipumbu memba ce ta kwamitin tsakiya na SWAPO da kuma ofishin siyasa. 

Iipumbu tana da digiri na farko da digiri na biyu a fannin Gudanar da Jama'a daga Jami'ar Namibia. Kafin ta zama 'yar siyasa ta cikakken lokaci, ta yi aiki a muƙamai da dama na gudanarwa a Asusun Fansho na Hukumomin Gwamnati (GIPF). 

## Manazarta
Bernadette Jagger

**Bernadette Maria Jagger** (an haife ta a ranar 26 ga watan Fabrairu 1958) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Namibia. Ita memba ce a SWAPO kuma an naɗa ta a Kwamitin Tsakiya na jam'iyyar a shekarar 2012. A shekarar 2015 ta sami kujera a majalisar dokoki.  A cikin wani sauye-sauye da aka yi wa majalisar ministoci a watan Fabrairu 2018, an naɗa ta Mataimakiyar Ministan Muhalli da Yawon Buɗe Ido, inda ta maye gurbin Tommy Nambahu. 

Jagger malamar makaranta ce ta sana'a. Tana da takaddun shaida a fannin ilimin firamare na ƙasa da na sama daga Kwalejin Horarwa ta Sohnge da Jami'ar Namibia, bi da bi, kuma ta tashi daga matsayin malamar makaranta a shekarar 1976, mataimakiyar shugabar makaranta a shekarar 1992, zuwa Daraktar Ilimi na Yankin Kunene a shekarar 2012. Jagger ta kuma sami takardar shaidar kammala karatun digiri na biyu a fannin Koyar da Harshen Turanci da Gudanarwa daga Jami'ar Warwick, da kuma digiri na farko a fannin Falsafa a Ilimi daga Jami'ar Exeter. 

Jagger babbar kansila ce ta al'ummar *Riemvasmakers*, dangin mutanen Nama.

## Manazarta
Itah Kandji-Murangi

**Itah Kandji-Murangi** 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Namibia. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Ministar Ilimi Mai Girma, Horarwa da Kirkire-kirkire ta ƙasar Namibia daga ranar 21 ga watan Maris 2015 zuwa ranar 21 ga watan Maris 2025. 

A cikin shekarar 2019 Kandji-Murangi ta shiga cikin gwagwarmayar iko tare da Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Namibia kan wanda ya kamata ya ɗauki matsayin shugaban da ya kafa, Tjama Tjivikua. Shiga da ita ya haifar da murabus ɗin shugaban kwamitin Esi Schimming-Chase.

## Manazarta
Gaudentia Krohne

**Gaudentia Kröhne** (an haife ta a ranar 3 ga watan Yuli 1972) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Namibia daga Ƙungiyar Jama'ar Afirka ta Kudu maso Yammacin Afirka (SWAPO).  A Majalisar Dokokin Namibia,   tana aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar ministar masana'antu, ma'adanai da makamashi.  Ta girma cikin talauci a Tses.  Ta taɓa zama magajiyar garin Keetmanshoop daga shekarun 2015 zuwa 2020, kuma ta sake zama kansila ta yau da kullum a gundumar har zuwa watan Maris 2025.  

## Duba kuma

* Jerin 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Namibia karo na 8

## Manazarta
Emma Kantema-Gaomas

**Dr. Emma Kantema** (an haife ta a ranar 16 ga watan Agusta 1978) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Namibia wacce a halin yanzu take aiki a matsayin Ministar Jinsi da Jin Daɗin Yara ta Jamhuriyar Namibia tun daga ranar 21 ga watan Maris 2025. Ta kasance 'yar Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa ta SWAPO tun daga shekarar 2020. Daga ranar 21 ga watan Maris 2020 zuwa ranar 21 ga watan Maris 2025, ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Ministar Wasanni, Matasa da Hidima ta Ƙasa. 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Dr Emma Kantema a Rupara, Kavango. Ita ce babbar 'ya'ya mata biyar kuma ta yi karatunta a makarantarsu ta gida, kafin ta koma Windhoek, sannan ta yi digiri a fannin Gudanar da Albarkatun Ƙasa a Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Namibia.  Tana da digirin digirgir a fannin Gudanar da Kasuwanci daga Jami'ar Namibia. Tana kuma da digirin digirgir a fannin Gudanar da Kasuwanci. 

## Aikin siyasa
A watan Maris a shekarar 2020, Shugaba Hage Geingob ya naɗa Kantema-Gaomas a matsayin Mataimakiyar Ministan Wasanni, Matasa da Hidima ta Ƙasa. A lokaci guda kuma, Shugaban ƙasa ya naɗa ta mataimakiya ta hanyar doka a Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa, wanda hakan ya ba ta damar zama memba na gwamnati. Ita memba ce a Kwamitin Tsakiya na jam'iyyar SWAPO.  

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Dr Kantema tana da aure da mijinta Bryan Gaomab kuma suna da 'ya'ya maza biyu. 

## Manazarta
Silvia Makgone

**Silvia Gonaone Makgone** (an haife ta a ranar 6 ga watan Satumba, 1963, a Aminuis) 'yar siyasa ce kuma malama a Namibia wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar ministan ci gaban birane da karkara. 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Makgone tana da digiri biyar na farko a fannin ilimi da albarkatun ɗan adam, daga cikinsu akwai digiri na farko a fannin fasaha da kuma digiri na farko a fannin ilimi.

Ta yi aiki a matsayin malamar makaranta a Makarantar Sakandare ta Mokganedi Tlhabanello da ke Drimiopsis a Yankin Omaheke daga shekarun 1987 kuma an ɗaukaka ta zuwa shugabar Makarantar Haɗin Mokaleng RC a shekarar 1996. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugabar wasu makarantu.

## Aiki
A shekarar 2010, Makgone ta zama 'yar majalisar dokoki bisa tikitin shiga SWAPO.

A watan Fabrairun 2013, bayan rasuwar Abraham Iyambo, an naɗa ta mataimakiyar ministan ilimi. Makgone ta maye gurbin David Namwandi wanda aka ɗaukaka zuwa minista.

## Manazarta
Françoise de Cezelli

**Françoise de Cezelly** (1558 – 16 Oktoba 1615) jarumar yakin Faransa ce a lokacin Yaƙin Addini na Faransa. Ta shahara a lokacin da sojojin Spain da ke da alaƙa da ƙungiyar Katolika suka kewaye ƙauyen Leucate a shekara ta 1590, bayan da maƙiya suka kama mijinta, gwamnan, suka kuma kashe shi.

## Rayuwa
An haife ta a shekara ta 1558 a Montpellier . Ita 'yar darektan Ofishin Kuɗi na Montpellier ce kuma 'yar uwar gwamnan Leucate .  A ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 1577 ta auri Jean de Boursiez, seigneur de Pantnaut de Barri, wanda ta haifi 'ya'ya biyar da shi: Hercule, Anne-Françoise, Antoine, Paul da Frances.

Bayan yaƙin 1590, Sarki Henry na Huɗu ya naɗa Françoise gwamnan Leucate har sai da ɗanta Hercule ya girma. Ta mutu a Montpellier a shekara ta 1614, tana da shekaru 56, kuma an binne ta kusa da mijinta a cocin St. Anne na Cocin St. Paul na Narbonne .

A shekarar 1899, an gina wani mutum-mutumin tagulla na tagulla da mai sassaka Paul Ducuing ya gina a Place de la République da ke Leucate, yana riƙe da makullan ƙauyen. A watan Mayu na 1942, gwamnatin Vichy ta ba da umarnin a sauke mutum-mutumin, sannan a aika da tagullar zuwa Jamus . Lokacin da aka ɗaga mutum-mutumin a kan babbar mota, hannun da ke riƙe da makullan ya karye. Har yanzu ana ajiye shi a cikin zauren gari. An kafa sabon mutum-mutumi a ranar 17 ga Agusta, 1975. [1]

Ɗanta Hercule ya yi nasarar kare sansanin soja na Leucate a lokacin yaƙin Leucate a shekara ta 1637.

## Manazarta
Ruth Masake

**Ruth (Ruthy) Masake** (an haife ta a ranar 19 ga watan Disamba 1979) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Namibia daga jam'iyyar SWAPO.  Ta kasance 'yar majalisar dokokin ƙasar Namibia tun daga shekarar 2025.

Masake ita ce Mataimakiyar Ministan Noma, Kamun Kifi, Ruwa da Sauya Ƙasa a Majalisar Ministocin ƙasar Namibia. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Namibia karo na 8

## Manazarta
Wasannin gargajiya na Nepal

Nepal tana da wasannin gargajiya da yawa waɗanda suka yi kama da sauran wasannin gargajiya na Kudancin Asiya .  Yawancin waɗannan wasannin an yi su ne a lokacin bukukuwan al'adun gida,  amma yanzu suna ɓacewa saboda tasirin fasaha da kuma haɗin kan duniya. 

## Tarihi
Dandi biyo da kabaddi, waɗanda aka ɗauke su a matsayin wasannin ƙasa na hukuma har zuwa kwanan nan, har yanzu suna da farin jini a yankunan karkara. Duk da ƙoƙari, ba a cimma daidaito da haɓaka dandi biyo ba, yayin da kabaddi, a matsayinsa na ƙwararren wasa, har yanzu yana cikin ƙuruciyarsa a Nepal. Bagh-chal, wani tsohon wasan allo wanda ake tsammanin ya samo asali ne daga Nepal, ana iya buga shi akan allunan da aka zana alli, tare da duwatsu, kuma har yanzu yana da shahara a yau. Ludo, macizai da tsani da carrom shahararrun abubuwan sha'awa ne. Ana kuma buga wasan dara . An ayyana ƙwallon raga a matsayin wasan ƙasa na Nepal a cikin 2017. Wasannin yara masu shahara sun haɗa da nau'ikan tag, knucklebones, hopscotch, Duck, duck, goose da lagori, yayin da marbles, top, hoop rolling da gully cricket suma sun shahara a tsakanin yara maza. Madaurin roba, ko kuma madaurin masu tsaron gida da aka yanke daga bututu a cikin tayoyin kekuna, suna yin kayan wasanni masu amfani da yawa ga yaran Nepal, waɗanda za a iya haɗa su ko a ɗaure su tare, kuma ana amfani da su don yin wasan dodgeball, gadon kyanwa, jianzi da wasannin tsalle-tsalle iri-iri.

## Wasannin gargajiya

### Dandi biyo

### Gucci
Wannan wasan (wanda aka fi sani da marmara) ya ƙunshi mahalarta suna buga marmara da yatsunsu da fatan tura marmara na abokan hamayya a wajen filin wasa.  

### Bhurung
A Nepal, ana kiran saman da ake juyawa da *bhurung* ko *lattu* .  

### Dhyakki
Dhyakki (ko piya ) wani nau'i ne na wasan hopscotch inda 'yan wasa dole ne su motsa dutse a fadin filin wasa yayin da suke tsalle ta cikinsa.

## Wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa

### Chungi
Ko da yake wannan wasan yana da wasu sunaye a ƙasashen da ke makwabtaka da shi, galibi ana kiransa da duwatsu bakwai a Nepal. 

## Bambance-bambancen tag

### Kabaddi
Kabaddi (wanda kuma aka sani da *Kapardi* a yankin)  yana raguwa a Nepal a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. 

### Kho kho
An kafa ƙungiyar Nepal Kho Kho a ƙarshen shekarun 1990, kuma ana fafatawa da wannan wasan a wasannin ƙasa na ƙasar. Nepal ta kare a matsayin ta biyu a gasar cin kofin duniya ta Kho Kho ta farko a shekarar 2025. 

## Wasannin allo

### Bagh-chal

## Abubuwan da suka faru na dabbobi

### Faɗar Bijimi

### Polo na giwa

## Bayanan kula

## Manazarta
Catherine Ségurane

**Catherine Ségurane** ( *Catarina Ségurana* a cikin yaren Niçard na Provençal ) jaruma ce ta birnin Nice, Faransa wadda aka ce ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen dakile mamayar birnin da mayaƙan Turkiyya da ke kawance da Francis na ɗaya suka yi, a lokacin mamayar Faransa da Ottoman a Nice, a lokacin bazara na 1543. 

## Tatsuniya
A lokacin, Nice wani ɓangare ne na Savoy, mai zaman kanta daga Faransa, kuma ba ta da sojoji da za ta kare ta. Yawancin labaran sun nuna cewa Catherine Ségurane, wata mai wanki ce ta yau da kullun, tana jagorantar mutanen garin zuwa yaƙi. Tatsuniyar ta ce ta kayar da mai ɗaukar kaya da mai dukanta ta kuma ɗauki tutarsa.

## Tarihi
Ba a taɓa tabbatar da wanzuwar Catherine ba tukuna, kuma aikinta na jarumtaka wataƙila labari ne kawai ko kuma an yi ta ƙara gishiri; Jean Badat, wani masanin tarihi wanda ya shaida mamayar, bai ambaci shigarta cikin tsaron ba. Karewar da aka tabbatar a tarihi a Nice ta haɗa da lalata wata babbar gada da kuma isowar rundunar da Charles III na Savoy ya tara.

Duk da haka, tatsuniyar Catherine Ségurane ta burge tunanin mutanen yankin. Louis Andrioli ya rubuta wata waka mai ban sha'awa game da ita a shekarar 1808, kuma Jean-Baptiste Toselli ne ya rubuta wani wasan kwaikwayo da aka keɓe ga labarinta a shekarar 1878. A shekarar 1923, an gina wani abin tunawa ga Catherine kusa da inda ake tsammanin ta yi fice.

## Tunawa
A Nice, ana bikin Ranar Catherine Segurane kowace shekara, tare da Ranar St. Catherine a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba.

## Manazarta
Renée Bordereau

**Renée Bordereau** (1770 a Soulaines-sur-Aubance – 1822 a Vezins, Maine-et-Loire ), wacce aka yi wa lakabi da *The Angevin*, sojan Faransa ce. Ta bi mahaifinta, ta ɓoye kanta a matsayin mutum, ta kuma yi yaƙi a matsayin mai tsaron Royalist a cikin sojojin Charles Melchior Artus de Bonchamps a lokacin tawayen Vendéan da aka yi wa juyin juya halin Faransa, kuma ta shiga cikin dukkan yaƙe-yaƙen yaƙin.

## Rayuwar farko
An haife ta ne a cikin dangin manoma a kudancin Angers, Faransa . Wataƙila ta yi fasa-kwauri a lokacin ƙuruciyarta, tana ɗauke da gishirin da ba bisa ƙa'ida ba tsakanin Maine da Brittany . 

Mahaifinta yana cikin tarzomar juyin juya hali, sakamakon haka, masu juyin juya hali suka kashe shi daga baya a watan Disamba na 1793. 

## Sana'a
Ta shiga rundunar 'yan tawaye sanye da kayan soja. Ana kyautata zaton ta kashe kimanin sojojin juyin juya hali 20, Bleues, ciki har da yanke wuyan kawunta wanda ɗan jam'iyyar Republican ne. [1] Wata runduna da ta jagoranta ta jefa sojojin Republican 600 daga tsaunukan Roche-de-Mûrs a cikin kwamin Mûrs-Erigné, kudu da garin Angers, Pays de la Loire, cikin kogin Louet da ke ƙasa.

Majiyoyi masu zaman kansu sun tabbatar da ingancinta a matsayin soja, ciki har da Madame de La Rochejaquelein, wacce ta ba da rahoton cewa "Tana da tsayi na yau da kullun kuma tana da muni sosai. Wata rana a Cholet, sun nuna mini ita. 'Duba wannan sojan da ke da hannayen riga daban da rigarsa. Wannan yarinya ce da ke yaƙi kamar zaki.'... An yi bikin jarumtakarta mai ban mamaki a duk faɗin rundunar." 

Game da ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ta fuskanta, Bordereau ta rubuta:

## Manazarta