Petra Allende

Petra Allende (29 ga Yuni, 1920 - 1 ga Afrilu, 2002) ma'aikaciyar masana'antar Puerto-Rican ce kuma magatakarda, wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin mai fafutuka a unguwar El Barrio da ke birnin New York. A shekarun 1960, ta fara aiki don soke dokokin da ke buƙatar karatu da rubutu kafin a kaɗa ƙuri'a. A shekarun 1970, ta yi yaƙin neman wuraren kula da yara ga iyaye mata masu aiki da kuma isassun tallafi ga talakawa kuma a shekarun 1980 ta mayar da hankalinta ga haƙƙin tsofaffi. An san ta da "La Alcaldesa del Barrio" (Magajin Garin Barrio [Harlem na Sifaniyanci]), titin da take zaune a Manhattan, East 111th Street, an sake mata suna Petra Allende Way a shekarar 2012.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Petra Allende-Rosario a ranar 29 ga Yuni, 1920, a Old San Juan, Puerto Rico, ga Alejandrina Rosario da Justo Allende.  Mahaifiyarta mulatto ce kuma tana aiki a matsayin mai wanki, yayin da mahaifinta ɗan Afro-Puerto Rican ne kuma ma'aikacin tashar jiragen ruwa ne.  Iyayen mahaifiyarta su ne Narcisa Coto da Demetrio Rosario kuma iyayen mahaifinta su ne Saturnina Rivera da Cirilo Allende.  Ɗaya daga cikin yara biyar, ta kammala karatunta na shekaru 8 kafin ta auri Santos Garay a ranar 24 ga Mayu, 1937. Ma'auratan sun haifi ɗa, Juan, kuma sun zauna tare da dangin Garay a Fajardo, inda Allende ke aiki a matsayin mai gida .   Auren bai yi nasara ba. Allende ta koma gidan iyayenta tare da ɗanta kuma ta sami saki. Daga baya za ta haifi ɗa na biyu, Felipe, tare da Felipe Ventegeat, kodayake ma'auratan ba su yi aure ba. 

## Aiki da fafutuka
Bayan da babbar Ventegea ta mutu a shekarar 1948,  Allende ta sami alƙawarin aiki a birnin New York. A shekarar 1949, ta ɗauki ƙaramin ɗanta, ta bar babban ɗanta, wanda ba shi da lafiya, ta yi ƙaura zuwa arewa. Da ta isa, aikin ya cika, ta bar ta ita kaɗai a wurin da ba ta jin yaren. Duk da wahalhalun da ta sha, Allende ta sami aiki a masana'antar tufafi kuma ba da daɗewa ba babban ɗanta ya haɗu da ita.  Ta shafe shekaru da yawa tana yin tufafi sannan ta yi aiki a matsayin magatakarda a Barco Press. A wannan lokacin, ta yi dangantaka da Pedro Rivera, wanda ta haifi wasu 'ya'ya biyu, Alexandra da Pedro Rivera.   Ita kuma uwa ce ga ɗan Rivera ta tsohon abokin tarayya, Felipe Ortiz, kuma ta haifi ɗa Miguel Maldonado. 

A shekarar 1964, Allende ta shiga cikin fafutukar kare hakkin al'umma, inda ta fara aiki don kawar da gwaje-gwajen karatu da rubutu, waɗanda aka yi amfani da su don danne masu kada kuri'a marasa rinjaye   da kuma shirya azuzuwan Turanci. Ta shiga cikin Shirin Ci Gaban Al'ummar Puerto Rica, wanda ya yi aiki don rage talauci a El Barrio, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa Ƙungiyar Jagorancin Puerto Rican.   Ta kuma shiga ƙungiyar mata ta ƙungiyar Latino Odd Fellows ta Spanish Harlem, wacce ke aiki don samar da tallafi ga marayu da zawarawa.  A shekarar 1966, Allende ta fara aiki a birnin a sashen albarkatun ɗan adam na Hukumar Ci Gaban Ayyukan Manpower, daga baya kuma ta Sashen Aiki na Birnin New York.  

A shekarun 1970, Allende ta zama memba na Ƙungiyar Siyasa ta Manhattan, tana koyon yadda ake yin fafutuka yadda ya kamata ta hanyar haɗa ƙarfi da sauran al'ummomi masu irin wannan buƙatu.   Ita da matan Baƙar fata 'yan Amurka sun fahimci buƙatar isasshen kulawar rana ga mata masu aiki, suna haɗa ƙarfi a ƙoƙarinsu.  Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga shirye-shiryen yaƙi da talauci na tarayya, kuma a matsayinta na shugabar Kwamitin Cibiyar Ayyuka da Yawa na Gabashin Harlem, ta yi kira ga gwamnatin birnin New York da ta haɗa ayyukan da ake da su a tsakiyar wuri don sauƙaƙe sauƙin daidaitawa ga waɗanda ke cikin buƙata.   Daga 1982, ta mayar da hankalinta ga yin aiki don kare haƙƙin dattawa musamman waɗanda suka fito daga ƙananan al'ummomi masu ƙarancin kuɗi.   Ta yi aiki a Majalisar Action for Tsofaffi na Majalisar Puerto Rican da Hispanic, Majalisar East Harlem Interagency Council, Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na New York ga Dokar Tsofaffin Amurkawa, Kwamitin Birnin New York na Ma'aikatar Tsofaffi, kuma ta yi aikin sa-kai a Cibiyar Tsofaffin 'Yan Kasa ta Gaylord White. 

A shekarar 1995, Allende ta wakilci Jihar New York a taron ƙasa kan tsufa, wanda ya ba da shawara kan ci gaba da canje-canje na tarayya ga ayyukan da suka shafi tsofaffi.  Ta ci gaba da fafutukarta da kuma aikin sa kai har zuwa mutuwarta.  An girmama Allende daga ƙungiyoyi da yawa a tsawon lokacin aikinta.  An san ta da "La Alcaldesa del Barrio" (Magajin Garin Barrio [Spanish Harlem]).   Daga cikin dukkan kyaututtukan da aka samu a rayuwarta, ta yaba da karramawar da aka samu daga Ƙungiyar Latinas ta Ƙasa.  A shekarar 1998, an ba ta Takardar Shaidar Kyau ta Jihar New York, da kuma takardar shaidar godiya daga Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa ta Silver Haired Congress. Majalisar Birnin New York ta karrama ta da lambar yabo ta Woman of Achievement Pacesetter a shekarar 2001 don Ranar Mata ta Duniya .  

## Mutuwa da gado
Allende ta mutu a ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 2002, a birnin New York, New York.  Ana ajiye takardunta a Cibiyar Nazarin 'Yan Puerto Rico a Kwalejin Hunter da ke New York.  A shekarar 2012, an sake sanya mata suna a titin East 111th Street da ke Manhattan, inda ta zauna a kai, Petra Allende Way don girmama ta. 

## Manazarta