Attia Ashour

**Attia Abdel Salam Ashour** ( Arabic  , 13 Satumba 1924 - 17 Afrilu 2017) Farfesa ne na Masar a fannin lissafi mai zurfi a Jami'ar Alkahira . Ya kasance tsohon shugaban ƙungiyar Larabawa ta Lissafi da Lissafe  . Tsohon darektan Makarantun Ci gaba akan Ilimin Lissafi na Duniya. Ya kasance zaɓaɓɓen memba na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Duniya, memba na kafa Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Afirka, kuma mai *kula da chevalier* a Kwalejin Ƙasa ta Faransa ta Ordre ta ƙasa du Mérite .   

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Attia Ashour a ranar 13 ga Satumba, 1924 a matsayin ɗan fari na iyalin mahaifinsa a Damietta, Misira . Mahaifinsa manomi ne kuma mahaifiyarsa 'yar kasuwa ce. Ya fara makaranta yana da shekaru bakwai, kuma ya yi karatu a makarantar firamare a Damietta na tsawon shekaru hudu. Ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Fud I (Makarantar sakandare ta Abbasia) a Alkahira daga 1935. Ya kammala karatun sakandare a 1939, kuma ya sami takardar shaidar shiga jami'a a 1940. Ashour ya yanke shawarar yin karatun lissafi a Kwalejin Kimiyya a Jami'ar King Fuad I (Jami'ar Alkahira).

## Ayyuka

Ashour ya fara aikinsa nan da nan bayan ya sami B.Sc. digiri a 1944 a matsayin mataimakin digiri a Jami'ar Fuad I yanzu Jami'ar Alkahira, Misira . Ya yi aiki na shekara guda da watanni biyu kafin ya tafi London don PhD. An ba Ashour PhD a 1948 daga Kwalejin Imperial ta London saboda aikinsa a kan shigar da wutar lantarki. Rubutun nasa mai taken The Reduction of Electric Currents in Non-uniform Thin Plane Sheets and Spherical Shells, Having Special Distributions of Conductivity with Application of Geomagnetism, co-written tare da mai kula da Ph.D. Albert Price, an buga shi a wannan Disamba.    

Bayan ya dawo Masar a 1949, ya zama malami a sashen lissafi a Jami'ar Alkahira . Ya gabatar da wata takarda ga Quarterly Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics tare da buga shi a watan Janairun 1950.  Ya wuce ta hanyar matakan ilimi na Babban Malami da mataimakin Farfesa har sai ya zama cikakken Farfesa na lissafi mai amfani a Kwalejin Kimiyya, Jami'ar Alkahira a 1966 kuma ya zama farfesa mai daraja a 1984. Ya jagoranci Sashen Lissafi na Jami'ar Alkahira daga 1959-1960, 1965-1969, 1971-1976 da 1980-1984. A shekara ta 1954, ya yi aiki a matsayin masanin kimiyya mai ziyara a Kwalejin Sarauniya Mary, Jami'ar London . Ya yi haka a Cibiyar Physics, Jami'ar Bonn; Cibiyar Radium, Jami'a ta Paris; Jami'ar Exeter, Burtaniya da Sashen Physics, Jami'ar Ibadan a 1954, 1955, 1955-1956, 1962-1963 da 1972 bi da bi.

A shekara ta 1954, an ba Ashour lambar yabo ta farko ta Jamhuriyar Masar ta aji na biyar kuma ya ci gaba da lashe aji na biyu a shekara ta 1984. Ya zama Fellow na Royal Astronomical Society (RAS) a shekara ta 1954 kuma a shekara ta 1978 ya zama Associate na kasashen waje na ma'aikatar wanda shine mafi girman sanarwa da al'umma ta bayar ga masanin kimiyya na kasashen waje. Ya kasance mai riƙe da Order of Merit of Arts and Sciences na farko wanda ya faru a 1966-1986 da 1988. Ya kasance zaɓaɓɓen memba na Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta Geodesy da Geophysics (IUGG) kuma ya zama mataimakin shugaban su da shugaban su a cikin 1971 da 1975. Ya kasance memba kuma tsohon Shugaban Ƙungiyar Larabawa ta Masana lissafi da likitoci daga 1975-1977. Ya kasance Mataimakin Shugaban Ƙungiyar Lissafi ta Afirka daga 1976 -1986 kuma ya sami lambar yabo ta ƙungiyar a 1990.  A shekara ta 1985, Gwamnatin Faransa ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Chevalier dans l'Ordre de La Palme Académique kuma a wannan shekarar, an zabe shi Fellow na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Duniya da kuma Wanda ya kafa Kwalejin Fasaha ta Afirka a shekarar 1985. A shekara ta 1995, Shugaban Faransa ya ba shi lambar yabo ta Chevalier dans l'Ordre National de Mérite .   

## Mutuwa
Ashour ya mutu a ranar Litinin, 17 ga Afrilu 2017, a gidansa na Dokki a Alkahira, yana da shekaru 92. 

## Manazarta