Oleta Crain

**Oleta Lawanda Crain** (Satumba 8, 1913 - Nuwamba 7, 2007)  jami'ar soja ce 'yar asalin Amurka, ma'aikaciyar gwamnatin tarayya, kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata baƙar fata da kuma rashin raba su . Daga cikin mata 300 a duk faɗin ƙasar da suka shiga horon jami'ai a rundunar sojojin Amurka a 1943, tana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan Afirka Amurka uku. Ta yi aiki a rundunar sojin sama ta Amurka na tsawon shekaru 20, ta yi ritaya da matsayin babbar jami'a. A 1964 ta fara aiki a Ma'aikatar Kwadago ta Amurka a Washington, DC, ta zama shugabar yanki ta Ofishin Mata da ke Denver, Colorado, a 1984. Ta yi tafiye-tafiye kuma ta yi magana sosai ga mata game da haƙƙin aiki, albashi, da damar aiki. Ta sami kyaututtuka da girmamawa da yawa, kuma an shigar da ita cikin Zauren Shahararrun Mata na Colorado a 1988.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Oleta Lawanda Crain ga V. Paula Crain a Earlsboro, Oklahoma, kuma ta girma a Wewoka .  Ta kammala karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Douglass kuma ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Langston na tsawon shekaru uku, amma ta sami digiri na farko a kimiyyar zamantakewa daga Jami'ar Lincoln da ke Jefferson City, Missouri .  Daga baya ta sami digiri na farko a harkokin kasuwanci daga Jami'ar Maryland da ke Heidelberg, Jamus.

Ta dauki darussan a Makarantar Gwamnati ta John F. Kennedy a Jami'ar Harvard, Jami'ar Cambridge a Ingila, da Jami'ar Vienna School of International Relations a Austria. Bayan ta shiga aikin gwamnati, ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin gudanar da gwamnati a Jami'ar Arewa maso Gabas .  

## Ayyukan soja

A farkon shekarun 1940 Crain ya koyar da wasan motsa jiki da tarihi a wata makarantar da aka ware a Hugo, Oklahoma .   Ta yanke shawarar ƙaura zuwa Colorado don neman aiki mafi kyau kuma a cikin 1942 ta sami aiki a gidan wanka na Denver Ordnance Plant. An yi wahayi zuwa gare ta don shiga bayan ta ga wata takarda ta Sojojin Mata da ke kira ga mata su shiga ƙungiyoyin soja don taimakawa kokarin yaƙi. Bayan shiga, duk da haka, ta koyi cewa ba sa neman mata baƙi. Crain ya kammala horo na asali sannan ya yi amfani da shi ga horar da jami'ai. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin mata baƙar fata uku daga cikin mata 300 a duk faɗin ƙasar da suka shiga horo na jami'a a shekara ta 1943.  

An ci gaba da Crain zuwa corporal a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1942 kuma zuwa shugaban kamfanin na ƙungiyar Afirka ta Amirka a watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1943. [1] A watan Satumba, an sallame ta daga rundunar mata ta mata don ta iya shiga aiki na yau da kullun a cikin rundunar mata a matsayin Lieutenant na biyu na Air Force . [1]

Crain tana fuskantar nuna bambancin launin fata a cikin sojoji. Misali, a matsayin jami'ai a horo, ba a yarda mata baƙar fata su yi barci a cikin barikin da fararen mata suke yi, amma an ajiye su a cikin ɗakuna masu zaman kansu. Kuma ba a ba su izinin amfani da ruwan sama a lokaci guda kamar fararen fata ba. Lokacin da Crain za ta dauki kamfaninta na Afirka zuwa tafkin yin iyo don motsa jiki na mako-mako, galibi ana sanar da su cewa "an canza jadawalin". Idan sun yi iyo, za a tsabtace tafkin washegari. Crain sau da yawa yana yin ba'a game da nuna bambanci, yana gaya wa ɗan jarida wanda ke zuwa yin hira da ita, "Ginin yana da masu ɗagawa biyu. Ni yana bayan".

## Manazarta