William Ernest Cooke

**William **Ernest Cooke**** (25 ga Yulin 1863 - 7 ga Nuwamba 1947), wanda ake kira **W. Ernest Cooke** ko kuma Ernest Cooke, masanin tauraron dan adam ne na Australiya, wanda aka ba shi lambar yabo tare da wasu muhimman nasarorin kimiyya da inganta hanyoyin da aka samu a cikin Binciken taurari dan Adam da kuma lissafin tauraron dan wasa. Shi ne masanin taurari na farko na Gwamnatin Yammacin Australia kuma ya kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Perth a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi kyawun kayan aiki da kuma samar da kayan aiki na irin sa a Ostiraliya.

An haifi Cooke a Adelaide, ɗan Ebenezer Cooke, MA'aikacin gwamnati kuma ɗan siyasa daga Kudancin Australia. Ya yi karatu a Makarantar Kwalejin St Peter a Adelaide (1875-79) da Jami'ar Adelaide (BA, 1883; MA, 1889).

Cooke ya yi kyau a makaranta: a 1879 an fara sanya shi a cikin aji na farko na St Peter, tare da wucewa a Girkanci da Chemistry. Ya sanya hannu kan kundin dalibai a Jami'ar Adelaide a watan Maris na wannan shekarar, yayin da yake da shekaru 15. Bayan wani bayani mai haske daga shugabansa, ya ɗauki aikin ma'aikata a ƙarƙashin Sir Charles Todd a Adelaide Observatory a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1878. An ba shi digiri na farko a 1883 da kuma Master of Arts a 1889.

Cooke ya auri Jessie Elizabeth Greayer a Adelaide a 1887 kuma suna da 'ya'ya shida - biyar kafin su isa Yammacin Australia: Violet Ogden (1888), Lionel Ernest (1889), Rosalie (1891, ya mutu tun yana jariri), Frank Basil (1892), da Erica Carrington (1894). An haifi ɗa na shida, Maxwell Greayer a Perth a shekara ta 1898.

## Ayyuka

A cikin kimanin 1882 an nada shi a matsayin babban mataimakin, aji na biyu a Adelaide Observatory.

A tsakiyar shekarun 1890, Todd yana ba da shawara ga Firayim Minista na Yammacin Australia Sir John Forrest wanda ke son gina babban Perth Observatory a Yammacin Ostiraliya. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 1894 ya rubuta wa Forrest yana ba da shawara cewa £ 3,000 wanda aka ware a cikin kasafin kuɗi don gini ya isa kuma zai isa ya sayi kayan aiki. Todd ya zaɓi wani shafin kuma ya amince da shi yayin ziyarar mako guda zuwa Perth a watan Yulin 1895. Game da masanin taurari, Todd ya rubuta:Naɗin masanin taurari yana buƙatar la'akari sosai kuma ina farin cikin jawo hankalin ku ga Mista W. E. Cooke, MA, Mataimakin na na farko wanda zai, ina da dalili na sani, karɓi ofishin idan an ba shi. 

Mista Cooke ya yi aiki a wurin lura da shi a nan, a karkashin jagorancin na, kusan shekaru 13, kuma yana da cikakken gogewa a duk aikin Astronomical da Meteorological. Ya fi ƙwarewa a cikin lissafi kuma yana da kyakkyawan aiki a Jami'ar Adelaide .

Yana da kimanin shekaru 32 ko 33, sabili da haka a cikin cikakken ƙarfin saurayi - yana da himma sosai a cikin aikinsa, mai ɗorewa sosai, kuma yana da ƙa'ida mai girma, kuma yana ni aure.

Daga saninta na kusa game da shi, da nasarorin da ya samu na musamman zan iya rubuta da amincewa don yabon shi a matsayin mutumin da kake so. Tabbas ba za ku iya yin mafi kyau ba idan ka tafi Ingila kuma mai yiwuwa ba za ku sami mutum mai kyau ba.Forrest ne ya kafa dutsen tushe a ranar 29 ga Satumba 1896 kuma an kammala Observatory a farashin £ 6,622, fiye da ninki biyu na kimantawa, a ranar 3 ga Maris 1897. A halin yanzu an aika Cooke a kan yawon shakatawa na biranen nahiyar don nazarin ƙirar masu lura da sayen Kyau aiki. Ya ziyarci Paris, Nice, Strasbourg da Brussels, tare da ziyartar Masanin tauraron dan adam a Cape of Good Hope. Ya isa Perth a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba 1896 amma zai kasance shekaru biyu kafin a ba da izini na farko daga cikin manyan kayan kida guda biyu. A cikin wannan lokacin, ya kafa tashar meteorological ta farko a cikin filin Observatory, tare da ci gaba da yin kallo a can har zuwa 1967. Cooke ya zagaya jihar sosai, ya ziyarci arewacin Wyndham da kuma cikin gida tare da Kogin Murchison. Ya kafa sabbin tashoshin yanayi da yawa a hanya, yana horar da masu kallo na gida da kuma samar da tashoshin. An watsa bayanan yanayi daga tashoshin ƙasar sau biyu a rana zuwa Babban Ofishin Jakadancin a Perth ta hanyar telegraph. Ya kafa wasu wuraren lura da son rai waɗanda ke watsa bayanan yanayi kowane wata. Yin amfani da abubuwan lura, ya samar da taswirar yanayi na yau da kullun na farko da tsinkaye na yau da kullum, ga Perth, Goldfields da jihar. Kimanin shekara ta 1900, an samar da rahoton yanayi na gaba ɗaya, rahoton ruwan sama na musamman, taswirar isobar da tsinkaya kowace safiya kuma an buga su don kallo a Perth da Fremantle.

## Manazarta