Lily Young

Lily Young wata fitacciyar farfesa ce a fannin ilimin microbiology a Rutgers New Brunswick .  Ta kuma kasance memba na majalisar gudanarwa a Jami'ar Rutgers . Ita ce shugabar Rutgers New Brunswick .  Ita memba ce ta Cibiyar Biotechnology don Aikin Gona da Muhalli (Cibiyar Biotech) kuma tana da nadin ilimi a Sashen Kimiyya na Muhalli.

Shekaru 5 ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Dean na Shirye-shiryen Digiri a Makarantar kuma ita ce shugabar Sashen Kimiyya na Muhalli.

## Ilimi
Lily Young ta sami digiri na farko a fannin ilimin microbiology a Jami'ar Cornell a shekarar 1965 da kuma digiri na biyu a shekarar 1967, kuma a fannin microbiology. Ta yi digirinta na PhD a ilmin halitta na muhalli a dakin gwaje-gwaje na Ralph Mitchell  a Jami'ar Harvard, inda ta sami digiri a shekarar 1972.

## Ayyukan sana'a

* 1972-1980: Mataimakin Farfesa, Shirin Injiniyan Muhalli, Sashen Injiniyanci, Jami'ar Stanford, Stanford, California.
* 1980-1989: Mataimakin Farfesa na Bincike, Sashen Magungunan Muhalli da Sashen Microbiology, alƙawari na hadin gwiwa, Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar New York.
* 1990-1992: Farfesa na Bincike, Sashen Magungunan Muhalli da Sashen Microbiology, alƙawari na hadin gwiwa, Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar New York.
* 1992- yanzu: Farfesa, Cibiyar Nazarin Kwayoyin Aikin Gona da Sashen Kimiyya na Muhalli, Kwalejin Cook, Jami'ar Rutgers, New Brunswick, NJ.
* 1998-yanzu: Farfesa II (mai daraja), Rutgers Univ.
* 1998-2003: Mataimakin Dean na Nazarin Digiri (na ɗan lokaci), Kwalejin Cook, Jami'ar Rutgers.
* 2001-2008: Shugaban Sashen Kimiyya na Muhalli, Jami'ar Rutgers
* 2009-yanzu: Dean, Shirye-shiryen Kasa da Kasa, Jami'ar Rutgers

## Bincike
Binciken Young yana mai da hankali kan microorganisms na anaerobic waɗanda ke lalata sunadarai masu gurɓataccen kwayoyin halitta kamar su pesticides da benzene, Toluene da xylene (BTX-compounds) daga man fetur da sauran mahaɗan man fetur kamar naphthalene, phenanthrene da hexadecane. Microorganisms a cikin muhalli suna aiwatar da halayen oxidation da ragewa, wato, oxidation na gurɓataccen kwayoyin halitta haɗe da rage masu karɓar lantarki na inorganic. Hanyar da waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta (musamman denitrifiers, iron reducers, sulfidogens da methanogens, bi da bi) ke lalata gurbataccen ya bambanta da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin iska saboda ba za su iya amfani da iskar oxygen don kunna ƙwayoyin hydrocarbon ba.

Ya bambanta da mutane, waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta ba su dogara da iskar oxygen a matsayin mai karɓar lantarki don numfashi na salula, amma suna amfani da kwayoyin kamar nitrate, baƙin ƙarfe, sulfate da carbonate. A lokacin bincikenta na farko a cikin Shirin Injiniyan Muhalli a Jami'ar Stanford ƙungiyoyinta sune na farko da suka tabbatar da anaerobic oxidation na goma sha ɗaya masu ƙanshi lignin zuwa methane ta hanyar kwayoyin muhalli.

A cikin 1994, littafin Young game da Degradation of toluene da m-xylene da kuma sauyawar o-xylene ta hanyar lalata al'adun wadata.  (Appl Environ Microbiol 57:450-454) an lura da shi a matsayin daya daga cikin takardu 10 da aka fi ambaton su a fagen ilimin muhalli da kimiyyar muhalli. A Rutgers, Young ta fadada aikinta don bincika al'ummomin anaerobic daga NY-NJ Harbor don lalata alkanes da polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Babban burin bincike shine ƙayyade ilmin sunadarai na hanyoyin anaerobic na naphthalene, methylnaphthalene da phenanthrene. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin masu bincike na farko da suka yi amfani da isotope mai ɗorewa da ake kira mahadi don fassara hanyar kai farmaki na hydrocarbons ta anaerobes.

Ta hanyar fahimtar hanyoyin lalacewar anaerobic, ƙungiyar Young ta haɓaka hanyoyin ingantawa ko haɓaka ƙimar halitta ta lalacewar halittu a cikin muhalli. Wannan ya haifar da ci gaban alamun biochemical da biomolecular don kimantawa na intrinsic biodegradation da ke faruwa a cikin wahalar samun ruwa mai zurfi.

Dangane da sha'awarta ga matakai na microbial a cikin muhalli, aikin kwanan nan ya kuma mayar da hankali kan ikon microorganisms na muhalli don yin shayarwa ko rage karafa masu haɗari kamar arsenic. Ta hanyar ikon su na canza yanayin oxidation na ions na ƙarfe microorganisms na iya shafar makoma da jigilar ƙarfe a cikin wuraren zama na ruwa kamar rafi da ruwa.

## Kyaututtuka
Lily Young ta sami kyaututtuka masu zuwa: 

* 1992: An zabe shi a matsayin Fellow na Kwalejin Microbiology ta AmurkaKwalejin Kwalejin Microbiology ta Amurka
* 1994: An zabe shi a matsayin Fellow na Ƙungiyar Amurka don Ci gaban Kimiyya (AAAS).
* 2001: Kyautar Kwarewar Bincike, Kwalejin Cook, Tashar Gwajin Aikin Gona ta NJ, Jami'ar Rutgers.
* 2001: Kyautar Kwarewar Bincike, Kwamitin Amintattun, Jami'ar Rutgers.
* 2002: American Society for Microbiology National Procter &amp;amp; Gamble Award in Applied and Environmental Microbiology, "Anaerobic processes in the Environment and the Biodegradation of Hydrocarbons and Related Compounds", ya ba da lacca. Kyauta mafi girma a wannan fagen.
* 2004: Frank H. Parker Distinguished Lecture, Dept. Cibiyar Injiniya da Muhalli, Jami'ar Vanderbilt, Nashville, TN.
* 2015: Kyautar 'Rashin fahimtar gaskiyar' daga ɗalibanta. Bayan ta ce karatun ba shi da tsada kuma 'ba zai iya zama fiye da wata daya ba ga iyayinka' lokacin da take samun $ 300,000 a shekara.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Lilly Young ta auri Wise Young, farfesa a fannin kimiyyar kwakwalwa a Cibiyar Kimiyya ta W.M. Keck a Jami'ar Rutgers .  Suna da 'ya'ya biyu da suka girma, Talia da Jesse.

## Manazarta