Zawiya na Sidi Muhammad Ben Sliman al-Jazuli

**[[zawiya]] na Sidi Muhammad Ben Sliman al-Jazuli** (kuma **Zaouia na Sidi Ben Slimane al-Jazouli** ko **Zawiya al-Jazuliya**, a tsakanin sauran bambance-bambance) wani addini ne na Islama (zawiya) a Marrakesh, Morocco Yana kewaye da kabarin Masanin Addinin Musulmi na ƙarni na sha biyar 15th kuma Mai tsarki na Sufi Muhammad al-Jazuli (wanda aka fi sani da Imam al-Jazur, cikakken suna: *Abū 'Abdullah Muḥammad ibn Sulaymān ibn Abū Bakr al-Jazūli al-Simlālī*), wanda yake ɗaya daga cikin tsarkaka bakwai na Marrakesh.

## Tarihin tarihi
Al-Jazuli ya kasance babban mutum a tarihin Sufism na Maroko . Ya rayu a lokacin da ƙungiyoyin Sufi na cikin gida ke cika gurbin jagorancin siyasa game da mamayewar sojojin Portugal da Spain cikin ƙasar. Ya fito ne daga yankin Sous a kudancin Maroko, ya shafe lokaci mai yawa a Fes inda ya rubuta sanannen aikinsa, Dala'il al-Khayrat, kuma ya sami babban tasiri a kan zawiyawa da mabiya a duk faɗin ƙasar. : 335-36 Daga baya ya koma bakin tekun Maroko har sai ya mutu kusa da Essaouira a cikin shekara ta alifa dari hudu da sittin da biyar 1465 kuma an binne shi a ƙauyen Afoughal .  

Daga baya, Saadians na farko, waɗanda su ma daga yankin Sous, sun haɗa kansu da mabiyan al-Jazuli yayin da suka kafa nasu ikon siyasa a kudancin Morocco. Don haka, lokacin da Ahmad al-'Araj (wanda ya kafa daular Saadian) ya koma Marrakesh a cikin shekara ta alif dari biyar da ashirin da daya 1521 da sauri ya shirya don canja wurin jikin al-Jazuli a nan a cikin shekara ta alif dari biya da ashirin da uku 1523-24 tare da na mahaifinsa (wanda aka binne kusa da al-Jazur a cikin 1517). Saadians sun gina wani addini da masallaci a kusa da sabon mausoleum. : 123 

Bayan mulkin Muhammad Al-Sheikh (ɗan'uwan Ahmad, wanda ya sami nasarar kawar da shi), daular ta nisanta kanta daga almajiran Al-Jazuli. Duk da haka, al-Jazuli ya zama ɗaya daga cikin tsarkaka bakwai na Marrakesh kuma kabarinsa sanannen rufin tsayawa ne ga mahajjata zuwa birnin. Duk da yake masallacin hadaddun na iya kasancewa daga zamanin Saadian, sauran zawiya an sauya su akai-akai kuma an mayar da su tsawon shekaru, musamman a karni na sha takwas 18th. Sultán na Alaouite Moulay Isma'il ne ke da alhakin gina ɗakin mausoleum na yanzu tare da babban murfin pyramidal da kuma fadada masallacin da aka haɗe da kuma canza shi zuwa Masallacin Jumma'a. : Maɓuɓɓugar titin na hadaddun kuma ta fito ne daga wannan lokacin. An mayar da zawiya sosai ko kuma an gyara shi a karkashin Moulay Muhammad ibn Abdallah (wanda aka sanya shi gwamna na Marrakesh a shekarar alif dari bakwai da arbain da shida 1746 kuma ya yi mulki a matsayin sultan daga alif dari bakwai da hamsin da bakwai1757 zuwa 1790) kuma an gyara ya a shekara ta alif dari takwas da sittin da bakwai 1867-68 a karkashin Moulai Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahman .  : 509, 533 

## Gine-gine da shimfidar wuri

### Masallaci da mausoleum
Zawiya wani tsari ne mai rikitarwa da kayan aiki waɗanda ke ba da sabis da ayyuka da yawa. Gine-ginen su yayi kama da na sauran addinan Saadian a ƙarshen karni na 16 kamar Masallacin Mouassine da Masallacin Bab Doukkala, da kuma Zawiya na Sidi Bel Abbes. Cibiyar hadaddun ta mamaye masallaci tare da tsarin bene na rectangular wanda ya kunshi kusan farfajiyar murabba'i (*sahn*) da ɗakin addu'a na ciki wanda aka raba zuwa kashi biyar ta layuka na arches. Ba a yi wa masallacin ado sosai ba. Arewacin sahn wani farfajiyar ce wanda ke kaiwa ga ɗakin mausoleum na al-Jazuli: babban ɗakin murabba'i mafi girma fiye da tsarin da ke kewaye da shi kuma an rufe shi da murfin katako kuma, daga waje, rufin pyramidal tare da tebur kore, wanda ake gani daga titin kuma na al'ada ne na tsarin sarauta da na addini na Maroko. Nan da nan a gefen gabas na mausoleum akwai manyan ƙofofin zawiya guda biyu, kusa da maɓuɓɓugar titi da aka yi wa ado. Bayan wadannan akwai wani karamin ɗakin da ya yi aiki a matsayin makarantar Islamiyya ko makaranta. Sauran hadaddun, a gefen gabas, gidan *muqaddam* ne ke zaune, gidan kula da mahajjata, da kuma babban *midha* (gidan wankewa) tare da tafkin ruwa na tsakiya da latrines 14.

### Kabari da mausoleum na Saadian
Kafa zawiya kuma ya haifar da ci gaban wani karamin makabartar tare da gefen yammacinsa (ya rabu da ainihin ɗakin mausoleum na al-Jazuli) wanda kuma ya zama wurin binnewa na farko na daular Saadian a Marrakesh (kafin Kabarin Saadian daga baya a Kasbah). Ba da daɗewa ba bayan da Ottomans suka kashe Muhammad al-Sheikh a shekara ta alif dari biyar da hamsin da bakwai 1557, an kashe Ahmad al-'Araj (ɗan'uwansa), tare da duk magadansa maza, wanda ya ba Moulay Abdallah al-Ghalib damar samun iko ba tare da kalubalantar ba. Bayan wani lokaci mai tsawo, an binne Ahmad da 'ya'yansa maza a kusa da kabarin al-Jazuli a kan shirin masanin yankin Abu 'Amru al-Qastali al-Murrakshi .  Bisa ga rubutun kabarinsa, 'Aysha ce ke da alhakin gina kabarin da aka yi da shi, wanda aka sani da *Qubba Al-Ashraf*, a kan kabarinsa. Dutsen kabarinsa, wanda aka sassaƙa a cikin baƙar fata, ya ɓace wani lokaci bayan an san shi da sunan al-Rahman (An san shi da al-Ral) a matsayin mahaifin Ahmad, Muhammad al-Ril' .  An san shi da wani rubutun al-Rad). Tsarin mausoleum ɗaki ne mai sauƙi wanda aka yi da tubali tare da dome a kan tushe na octagonal. A ciki, bangon sama na ɗakin an yi masa ado da kayan ado na arabesque da epigraphic da aka sassaka a cikin gilashi.

## Fadada bincike

* Zawiya na Sidi Abd el-Aziz

## Manazarta