Tenerife

**Tenerife** Tenerife (/ ˌtɛnəˈriːf/ TEN-ə-REEF; Mutanen Espanya: [teneˈɾife] ⓘ; Teneriffe da aka rubuta) shine mafi girma kuma mafi yawan jama'a a tsibirin Canary. Gida ce ga kashi 42.9% na yawan jama'ar tsibirin. Tare da fadin fili mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,034.38 (785.48 sq mi) da yawan mazaunan 948,815 tun daga watan Janairun 2023, shi ma tsibirin mafi yawan jama'a na Spain da na *Macaronesia.*

Kimanin 'yan yawon bude ido miliyan biyar ne ke ziyartar Tenerife a kowace shekara, abin da ya sa ya zama tsibirin da aka fi ziyarta a cikin tsibiran. Yana daya daga cikin mahimman wuraren yawon bude ido a Spain da duniya, yana karbar bakuncin daya daga cikin manyan bukukuwan duniya, wato Carnival na Santa Cruz de Tenerife.

Babban birnin tsibirin, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, kuma shine wurin zama na majalisar tsibirin (cabildo insular). Wannan birni da Las Palmas de Gran Canaria su ne babban birni na al'ummar tsibirin Canary mai cin gashin kanta. Garuruwan biyu duka gida ne na cibiyoyin gwamnati, kamar ofisoshin shugaban kasa da ma'aikatun. Wannan shi ne tsarin tun 1927, lokacin da Crown ya ba da umurni. (Bayan yanki na 1833 na Spain, har zuwa 1927, Santa Cruz de Tenerife shine kadai babban birnin tsibirin Canary). Santa Cruz ya ƙunshi Auditorio de Tenerife na zamani, alamar gine-ginen tsibirin Canary.

Tsibirin gida ne ga Jami'ar La Laguna. An kafa shi a cikin 1792 a San Cristobal de La Laguna, ita ce babbar jami'a a cikin Canaries. Birnin La Laguna wuri ne na Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO. Shi ne birni na biyu mafi yawan jama'a a tsibirin, kuma na uku mafi yawan jama'a a cikin tsibiran. Ita ce babban birnin tsibirin Canary kafin Santa Cruz ya maye gurbinsa a 1833. Filin jirgin sama biyu na Tenerife ne; Filin jirgin saman Tenerife North da Filin jirgin saman Tenerife South. Gidan shakatawa na Teide, wanda ke tsakiyar tsibirin, shi ma cibiyar UNESCO ce ta Tarihin Duniya. Ya haɗa da Dutsen Teide, wanda ke da tsayi mafi girma a Spain, kuma mafi tsayi a tsakanin dukkan tsibiran da ke Tekun Atlantika. Kuma shi ne dutsen mai aman wuta na uku mafi girma a duniya, idan aka auna shi daga tushe[16]. Wani fasalin yanki na tsibirin, Macizo de Anaga (massif), an sanya shi a matsayin UNESCO Biosphere Reserve tun 2015. Tenerife kuma yana da mafi girma yawan nau'in endemic a Turai.

## Asali(Toponymy)
Wataƙila sunan 'Tenerife' ya fito ne daga Tamazight, amma babu yarjejeniya kan ingantaccen fassararsa. 'Yan asalin tsibirin, Guanche Berbers, suna kiran tsibirin a matsayin Achinet ko Chenet a cikin yarensu (ana samun nau'ikan rubutun kalmomi a cikin adabi). A cewar Pliny ƙaramin, Sarkin Berber Juba II ya aika da balaguro zuwa tsibirin Canary da Madeira; ya sanyawa tsibirin Canary suna don karnuka masu ban tsoro (canaria) a tsibirin.[19] Juba II da tsohuwar Romawa da ake kira tsibirin Tenerife Nivaria, daga kalmar Latin nix (nsg.; gsg. nivis, npl. nives), ma'ana "dusar ƙanƙara", bayan dusar ƙanƙara da aka lulluɓe kololuwar Dutsen Teide. Daga baya taswirorin da suka kasance a ƙarni na 14 da 15, waɗanda masu yin taswira irin su Bontier da Le Verrier suka zana, da ake kira tsibirin Isla del Infierno, ("Tsibirin Jahannama"), saboda tsautsayi na dutsen Teide da sauran ayyukan volcanic.

Kodayake sunan da Benahoaritas ('yan asalin La Palma) suka ba wa tsibirin ya samo asali ne daga kalmomin teni ("dutse") da kuma ife ("farar fata"), bayan da Mutanen Espanya suka mamaye tsibirin.

Sunan ya canza ta hanyar fasahar sautin Mutanen Espanya: an ƙara harafin "r" don haɗa kalmomin biyu, yana samar da kalmar Tenerife guda ɗaya. Koyaya, a cikin tarihi, an gabatar da wasu bayanan asalin sunan tsibirin. Misali, ’yan tarihi na ƙarni na 17 Juan Núñez de la Peña da Tomás Arias Marín de Cubas, da sauransu, sun ba da shawarar cewa ’yan asalin ƙasar za su iya ba wa tsibirin sunan shahararren sarkin Guanche, Tinerfe, wanda ake wa laƙabi da “Babban”, wanda ya mulki Tenerife. kafin Castile ya mamaye tsibirin Canary.

## Tarihi
Sanannen mazaunin ɗan adam a cikin tsibiran, tun daga kusan 200 KZ, Berbers da aka sani da Guanches suka kafa. Koyaya, Kogon Guanches a cikin gundumar arewacin Icod de los Vinos ya ba da mafi kyawun tarihin tsibiran Canary, tare da kwanakin kusan karni na shida KZ.

Dangane da fasaha, ana iya sanya Guanches a cikin mutanen zamanin dutse, kodayake masana galibi suna watsi da wannan rabe-rabe saboda shubuharsa. Al’adar Guanche ta samu ci gaba ta fuskar al’adu, mai yiyuwa ne saboda abubuwan al’adun Berber da aka shigo da su daga Arewacin Afirka, amma ba su samu ci gaba a fannin fasaha ba saboda karancin albarkatun kasa, musamman ma’adanai da za su ba da damar hakar karafa da kuma yin aiki. Babban aikin shine tattara abinci daga yanayi; ko da yake an sami ƙarin kamun kifi da tarin kifin da wasu ayyukan noma.
## Manazarta