Rebecca Stott

**Rebecca Stott** (an haife ta a shekarar 1964) marubuciya ce kuma mai watsa shirye-shirye 'yar Birtaniya, kuma har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya daga koyarwa a shekarar 2021, Farfesa ce a fannin Adabi da Rubuce-rubuce Masu Kirkire-kirkire a Jami'ar East Anglia . An zaɓe ta a matsayin memba na Royal Society of Literature a shekarar 2021. 

Ita ce marubuciyar littattafai goma sha biyar waɗanda suka haɗa da littattafai uku, tarihin rayuwar Charles Darwin da kuma tarihin magabata na Darwin na shekaru 2,200. Littafinta na biyu mafi kwanan nan *, In the Days of Rain* (2017), littafin tarihin rayuwarta wanda ke ba da labarin lokacin yarintarta a cikin ƙungiyar 'Yan'uwa ta Musamman, ya lashe kyautar Costa Book Award ta 2017 a cikin rukunin Tarihin Rayuwa.

Tana watsa shirye-shirye akai-akai a shirin BBC Radio 4 *mai suna A Point of View* . Tana da yara uku manya. 

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Stott a Cambridge a shekarar 1964, ƙarni na huɗu na iyalinta da aka haifa a cikin ' Yan'uwa na Musamman, wani reshe mai ra'ayin wariya na ' Yan'uwan Plymouth mai membobi kusan 45,000 a duk duniya.  'Yan'uwa, waɗanda tun daga lokacin suka sake suna kansu Cocin Kirista na 'Yan'uwan Plymouth, suna neman rayuwa daban da sauran duniya saboda sun yi imanin cewa Shaiɗan ne ke mulkinta.  A lokacin shekarun 1960, lokacin da Stott ke girma, ƙungiyar ta hana membobinta amfani da jaridu, talabijin, sinima, rediyo, jami'o'i, agogon hannu da kyamarori.  Ya buƙaci mata su kasance masu biyayya ga mazajensu gaba ɗaya kuma su mallaki kowane fanni na rayuwar membobi. 

Iyalan Stott sun bar ƙungiyar a shekarun 1970 bayan wata badakalar jima'i da ta shafi shugaban duniya, Man of God, ta raba ƙungiyar, kuma lokacin da iyalinta suka rabu suka shiga sabuwar ƙungiyar da ta rabu.  Sun bar ƙungiyar 'Yan'uwa gaba ɗaya a shekarar 1972. 

## Ilimi da aiki
Stott ta sami tallafin karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta Brighton da Hove a shekarar 1976.   Daga nan ta karanci Turanci da Tarihin Fasaha a Jami'ar York, sannan ta karanci Digiri na Biyu da Digiri na uku a York.   Ta koyar a Jami'ar York, Jami'ar Leeds, sannan Jami'ar Anglia Ruskin da ke Cambridge kafin a nada ta shugaba a Jami'ar East Anglia da ke Norwich. Ita malamar da ke da alaƙa da ita a Sashen Tarihi da Falsafar Kimiyya a Jami'ar Cambridge . &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

== Almara ==
An zaɓi littafin Stott na farko, ''Ghostwalk'' (2007) don lambar yabo ta Jelf Group First Novel Award da kuma kyautar Best First Novel Award ta Marubuta .  An kira Lydia Brooke ta zama marubucin fatalwa na wani littafi kan alchemy na Sir [[Isaac Newton]] . Brooke ya yi zargin cewa mutuwar marubucin littafin, masanin tarihi na Cambridge Elizabeth Vogelsang, na iya danganta da jerin kisan gillar da aka yi a ƙarni na sha bakwai da ba a warware ba. Littafin, wanda aka haɗa shi da almara da ba almara ba, ya haɗa labaran ƙarni na sha bakwai game da annoba, yin gilashi, alchemy da ka'idojin gani tare da wani makirci na zamani wanda ya shafi kamfen [[Kimiyyar kwantom|na kimiyyar lissafi]] da haƙƙin dabbobi . Mai sharhi na ''[[New York Times]]'' ya kira shi "Mai ban sha'awa . . ''Ghostwalk'' yana da ikon ilimi mai ban mamaki da walƙiya mai ban mamaki" kuma ya kwatanta shi da ayyukan Borges da [[Edgar Allan Poe]] .  ''The Independent'' a cikin 2012 ya zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun littattafan fatalwa goma. 

Littafin Stott na biyu, ''The Coral Thief'', wanda aka rubuta a shekarar 1815 bayan Napoleon Faransa, labari ne mai ban sha'awa wanda ke bincika addini, hankali, da ka'idar juyin halitta yayin da jaruminta, ɗalibi a fannin likitanci, ya shiga cikin satar lu'u-lu'u mai ban mamaki. An shirya shi a cikin ''littafin'' Radio Four a lokacin kwanciya barci a watan Janairun 2010.  Kate Williams a cikin ''Financial Times'' ta bayyana shi a matsayin "wani labari mai ban sha'awa na ilimi, littafi mai ratsa ɗan adam da kuma bayyana Paris a fili bayan shan kayen Bonaparte". 

An buga littafin Stott na uku, ''Dark Earth'', a Amurka da Birtaniya a watan Yunin 2022. An kafa shi a ƙarni na shida a birnin Londinium na Romawa da ya lalace. Lokacin da 'yan'uwa mata, Isla da Blue, waɗanda ke gudu daga mayaƙan yaƙi na gida, suka nemi mafaka a cikin birnin da aka yi watsi da shi kuma suka sami al'ummar mata 'yan gudun hijira a can, dole ne su yi fafutuka don rayuwarsu lokacin da mayaƙan yaƙi suka bi diddigin su. ''Jaridar The Observer'' ta kira shi: "sabo kuma mai kyau, littafi wanda ke sake ba da labarin wani lokaci na tarihin ƙasarmu wanda ya ratsa tsakanin tarihi da tatsuniyoyi." 

== Abubuwan da ba su da alaƙa da ƙirƙira ==
Kafin shekarar 2003, Stott ya buga littattafan ilimi, ciki har da littattafai kan Tennyson, Elizabeth Barrett Browning (tare da Simon Avery) da sauran fannoni na [[Zamanin Victorian|al'adun Victorian]] . Tun daga shekarar 2003, ta buga littattafai na ƙirƙira marasa almara waɗanda ke bincika iyakokin adabi, tarihin ilimi da tarihin kimiyya.  ''Darwin and the Barnacle'' ( Faber, 2003) ya ba da labarin yadda Darwin ya shagala da karya tatsuniya ta wani nau'in barnacle mara kyau da ya samu a cikin wani bakin teku a Kudancin Chile, wanda hakan ya sa ya kammala wani babban aiki na barnacle taxonomy yayin da aikinsa na juyin juya hali kan zaɓin yanayi ya kasance a kulle a cikin aljihun tebur. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

A shekarar 2012 ta buga wani littafi game da tarihin juyin halitta kafin Darwin. An buga littafin *"Ghosts Darwin: The Secret History of Evolution"* a Burtaniya ta Bloomsbury Publishing, kuma a Amurka ta Spiegel da Grau a watan Mayu na 2012. Littafin ya bayyana a cikin New York Times 100 Notable Books of 2012. 

## Memoir
A watan Yunin 2017, Stott ya buga littafin "In the Days of Rain", wani tarihin iyali game da girma a cikin ƙungiyar 'Yan'uwa Masu Zaman Kansu, wata ƙungiya da yanzu ke kiran kansu Cocin Kirista na Plymouth Brothers, wata ƙungiyar Kirista mai tsattsauran ra'ayi ta ɓoye da kuma 'yan aware. Ta lashe kyaututtukan Costa Book Awards na 2017 a cikin rukunin Tarihin Rayuwa.  Francis Spufford, marubucin Golden Hill, ya bayyana shi a matsayin "Littafi mai ban mamaki, mai ban mamaki, mai ban tsoro", kuma Mark Mills, marubucin The Savage Garden, a matsayin "Gaskiya mai girma: babban, kyakkyawa, mai mugunta, da kuma kyakkyawan aiki. Labari mai tasiri ga ɗan adam wanda kuma ya shafi zuciyar duhun ko mu wanene da kuma yadda duniya ke aiki". Mai sharhin jaridar Times ya bayyana shi a matsayin "mai tausayi da fushi" da kuma "wani babban nasara".

Ba da daɗewa ba bayan an buga littafin *"In the Days of Rain"*, Massimo Introvigne, masanin ilimin zamantakewa na Turin kuma darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Sabbin Addinai (CESNUR) ya yi nazari sosai a cikin littafin tarihin a cikin mujallar ƙungiyarsa da aka buga da kanta CESNUR. Introvigne da ƙungiyarsa sun yi jayayya cewa ƙungiyoyi kamar Shaidun Jehobah, Cocin Kirista na Plymouth Brothers da Scientologists ba ƙungiyoyi ba ne amma maimakon haka 'sabbin addinai' ne waɗanda ake cin zarafi kuma dole ne a kare su. Introvigne, wanda sau da yawa ya kare ƙungiyoyin asiri a wuraren shari'a a matsayin ƙwararren shaida,  ya yi jayayya cewa wanke kwakwalwa tatsuniya ce.   Sharhin Introvigne wanda ya fi mayar da hankali kan " *In the Days of Rain"* ya bayyana nan da nan a gidan yanar gizon Cocin Kirista na Plymouth a matsayin shaida cewa an 'ɓata tarihin'. Duk da binciken tarihi na Stott, amfani da babban rumbun adana kayan 'yan uwa na sirri na mahaifinta da kuma shaidarsa mai yawa, da kuma hirarrakin da ta yi da shaidu da dama, Introvigne ya yi tambaya game da ingancin labarin Stott, yana mai cewa ta bar ƙungiyar 'yan uwa ta musamman tana da shekaru bakwai. Ya kuma zarge ta da dogaro da "littattafan da ke adawa da 'yan uwa".  Introvigne ya ambaci 'kurakurai', yana mai bayyana labarin Stott game da 'karya burodi' na ƙungiyar a matsayin wani nau'i na canza addini da kuma ruɗani tsakanin mutanen Littafi Mai Tsarki Ayuba da Jonah a matsayin 'babban rashin daidaito na tauhidi'.  Duk da yadda Stott ya yi amfani da labaran shaidu da yawa, Introvigne, bisa ga bayanan hukuma na 'yan uwa, ya kuma ƙalubalanci sahihancin zarge-zargen da aka yi wa shugaban 'yan uwa James Taylor Jr., yana mai ambaton janyewa daga shari'a da sasantawa a kotu a Netherlands waɗanda suka gano cewa manyan zarge-zargen an 'ƙirƙira su'. 

## Zaɓaɓɓun ayyuka

* *Ƙirƙirar Marigayiyar Fitacciyar Matar Victorian*, 1992
* *Tennyson*, 1996
* *Elizabeth Barrett Browning* (tare da Simon Avery), 2003
* *Oyster*, 2003
* *Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na gilashi: Matar da ta kawo teku zuwa birni*, 2003
* *Darwin da Barnacle*, 2003
* *Waƙa ta Ghostwalk*, 2007
* *Barawon Murjani*, 2009
* *Fatalwar Darwin: Sirrin Tarihin Juyin Halitta*, 2012
* *A Kwanakin Ruwan Sama*, 2017
* *Duniya Mai Duhu*, 2022

## Manazarta