Mary MacSwiney

**Mary MacSwiney** (lafazi: 'MacSweeney'; Irish   ; 27 Maris 1872 - 8 Maris 1942) yar gwagwarmayar Republican ne kuma yar siyasa yar ƙasar Ireland, haka kuma malami. 

An tura MacSwiney cikin hasken ƙasa da na duniya a cikin 1920 lokacin da ɗan'uwanta Terence MacSwineay, a lokacin Ubangiji Magajin garin Cork, ya shiga yajin aikin yunwa don nuna rashin amincewa da manufofin Burtaniya a Ireland. Maryamu, tare da surukarta Muriel MacSwiney sun kasance masu lura da Terence a kowace rana kuma sun zama masu magana da yawun yakin. Terence MacSwiney zai mutu a watan Oktoba 1920, kuma daga wannan lokacin Mary MacSwineay ta yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da gadonsa, ta zama mai tsattsauran ra'ayi da himma mai ba da shawara ga Jamhuriyar Irish. 

Bayan yawon shakatawa na watanni bakwai na Amurka a cikin 1921 inda ita da Muriel suka gabatar da bayanan ƙungiyar 'yancin kai ta Irish, an zabi Mary a Dáil Éireann a cikin yakin neman' yancin Irish. A lokacin muhawara game da Yarjejeniyar Anglo-Irish, yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da aka gabatar tsakanin Burtaniya da Irish, MacSwiney yana daga cikin masu ba da shawara game da shi. A lokacin yakin basasar Irish da ya biyo baya, MacSwiney ta goyi bayan Anti-Treaty IRA kuma an ɗaure ta saboda hakan, wanda ya haifar da shiga yajin aikin yunwa sau biyu.

Bayan rabuwa da Sinn Féin / Fianna Fáil a 1926, ta zama mataimakiyar shugaban Sinn Féin a 1927.  Yayin da Sinn Féin da 'yan jam'iyyar Republican masu tsattsauran ra'ayi suka kara zama masu tsattstsauran ra-ci-dolli a cikin shekaru goma bayan rabuwa, MacSwiney ya mayar da martani ta hanyar amincewa da tashin hankali da IRA ta yi. Zuwa ƙarshen rayuwarta, ta amince da jagorancin zamanin yakin duniya na biyu na IRA a ƙarƙashin Seán Russell, wanda zai ci gaba da aiwatar da "S-Plan", kamfen ɗin bama-bamai na Arewacin Ireland da Ingila da aka tsara don raunana Burtaniya a fuskar Jamus.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haife ta ne a Landan ga mahaifin Irish da mahaifiyar Ingila, ta koma Ireland tare da iyalinta tana da shekaru shida kuma ta yi karatu a Cork" id="mwKg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="St. Angela's College, Cork">Makarantar St Angela a Cork. Mahaifinta ya kasance mai kishin kasa na Irish kuma ya ba da waɗannan dabi'u ga dukan 'ya'yansa, gami da Maryamu.

A lokacin yarinta, mummunar kamuwa da cuta a kafa ta haifar da asarar ƙafa, wanda dole ne a yanke shi, kuma ya jinkirta karatunta.

A lokacin da take da shekaru ashirin, ta sami matsayi na koyarwa a wata makaranta mai zaman kanta a Ingila. Bayan ta sami rance daga kungiyar taimakon dalibai a Ireland, ta yi karatu don difloma ta koyarwa a Jami'ar Cambridge,  wanda aka tanada wa maza. Ta yi aiki a Hillside Convent, Farnborough, kuma ta yi la'akari da zama nun, ta fara karatun shekara guda tare da Oblates na St Benedict, Ventnor .

Bayan rasuwar mahaifiyarta a 1904, ta koma Cork don kula da ƙananan danginta kuma ta dauki matsayi a St Angela's inda ta kasance dalibi. Ta halarci taron farko na Munster Women's Franchise League, ta zama memba na kwamitin. Ta yi tsayayya da fafutuka a cikin ƙungiyar Irish suffrage, kuma ra'ayinta na kasa ya haifar da fushi ga sauran mambobi.

## Siyasa

### Shigarwa cikin Suffragette da siyasar Jamhuriyar Republican
Ta halarci taron farko na Munster Women's Franchise League, ta zama memba na kwamitin. Ta yi tsayayya da fafutuka a cikin ƙungiyar Irish suffrage, kuma ra'ayinta na kasa ya haifar da fushi ga wasu mambobi.

An rinjayi ta dan uwanta Terence MacSwiney mai tsayin daka na jamhuriya ta Irish, ta shiga Gaelic League da Inghinidhe a hÉireann . 

Bayan dan uwanta Terence da Tomás MacCurtain sun kafa reshen Cork na Irish Volunteers, Maryamu ta kafa reshen Bork na Cumann na mBan a shekara ta 1914, wani mataki wanda ya haifar da barin Munster Women's Franchise League. A wannan shekarar MacSwiney ya yi tir da mulkin Burtaniya a babban taron su a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1914.

A lokacin Easter Rising na 1916, akwai rikice-rikice a Cork City game da ko ya kamata masu sa kai su taru ko a'a, saboda umarni masu rikitarwa. Ba tare da sanin abin da za su yi ba, Terence MacSwiney da sauran masu sa kai sun tsaya a cikin Hall na masu sa kai a cikin birni, inda hukumomin Burtaniya suka kama su. Maryamu, wacce ke gudanar da sakonni ga masu sa kai, ta yi ƙoƙari ta koma koyarwa a St Angela's amma ita ma an kama ta daga baya a cikin makon yayin aji.[1] Bayan haka an kore ta daga matsayinta na koyarwa saboda ayyukanta na jamhuriya. Bayan watanni da yawa, bayan da aka sake ta daga kurkuku, ita da 'yar'uwarta Annie sun sake kafa Scoil Íte, makarantar 'yar'uwa ga Makarantar St. Enda ta Patrick Pearse, Gaelscoil da za ta shiga har tsawon rayuwarta.[2]

A shekara ta 1917 an zabi MacSwiney a matsayin zartarwa ta kasa na sabon tsarin Cumann na mBan, wanda ke nuna karuwar matsayi a bangaren mata na ƙungiyar Republican.

### Mutuwar Terence MacSwiney, ya zama TD

## Manazarta