Makarantar Gunston Hall

**Makarantar Gunston Hall** makaranta ce ta kammala karatun mata masu zaman kansu ta Amurka da ke Washington, DC. Beverley Randolph Mason da matarsa ne suka kafa ta a shekarar 1892. An rufe makarantar a shekarar 1942 saboda Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu .

## Tarihi
Beverley Randolph Mason da matarsa, Elizabeth Harrison Nelson, sun kafa **Makarantar 'Yan Mata ta Gunston Hall** a shekarar 1892.   Sun kafa makarantar ne saboda ba su gamsu da damar ilimi ga 'yan mata a Washington DC a lokacin ba.  An sanya mata suna ne saboda Gunston Hall, gidan tarihi na George Mason, kakan kakan Beverly Mason.  

Manufar Makarantar Gunston Hall ita ce "horar da ɗalibai su zama masu ƙwarewa a fannin tunani, masu ƙoshin lafiya, masu daidaita zamantakewa da kuma ba su imani na asali ga Allah wanda zai ƙarfafa su kuma ya tallafa musu a duk rayuwarsu".  Daliban farko na makarantar su ne 'ya'yan Mason da yara daga unguwarsu.   Masons sun kasance shugabannin makarantar tare.  Mason ya riga ya koyar a Kwalejin Soja ta Amurka da ke West Point kuma malamin lissafi ne kuma malamin Latin a Cibiyar Norwood. 

Da farko, an fara gudanar da Makarantar Gunston Hall daga gidan Mason da ke lamba 3017 O Street a unguwar Georgetown da ke Washington, DC   A shekarar 1900, makarantar ta koma Thomas Circle, kafin ta koma 1904 Florida Avenue NW a shekarar 1906 inda aka cire ta har sai da aka rufe ta.     Wurin na ƙarshe yana da ƙarin sararin aji da masauki ga ɗaliban kwana.  A shekarar 1905, Makarantar Gunston Hall tana da malamai takwas na zama da malamai goma sha biyu masu ziyara.  Ana jigilar ɗaliban kwana ta hanyar jigilar kaya ta sirri da makarantar ta bayar. 

A shekarar karatu ta 1911-1912, makarantar tana da ɗalibai hamsin da malamai 27.  Ƙananan ɗalibanta suna sanya rigunan matuƙa masu launin ulu, safa baƙaƙe, da takalma baƙi masu maɓalli; tsofaffin ɗaliban suna sanya riguna masu kyau da rigunan siliki.  Kudin makaranta da abinci sun kasance daga $750 zuwa $800 a shekara, ya danganta da ɗakin. [  Dole ne ɗalibai su samar da kayan makaranta guda biyu da kuma napkin abincin dare guda goma sha biyu don amfani da su.  Ƙarin kuɗin ya haɗa da $2 don amfani da filin wasan tennis da $25 don amfani da piano don motsa jiki na yau da kullun. 

Beverly Mason ta mutu a watan Afrilun 1910.  Josephine Mason, 'yar waɗanda suka kafa makarantar, ta koyar a Makarantar Gunston Hall bayan kammala karatunta daga kwaleji da kuma kafin aurenta a 1916.   Ɗan'uwanta, Richard Nelson Mason, shi ma ya koyar a makarantar, ya yi aiki a matsayin manajan kasuwanci, kuma daga baya ya zama shugaban makarantar har sai da ya mutu a 1940.   A shekarar 1927, Makarantar Gunston Hall ita ce makaranta ta biyu mafi tsufa a Washington, DC  Shugaban makarantar ita ce Mary L. Gildersleeve.  Makarantar ta fara sabon shirin kafin ilimi a 1927, inda ta samar da azuzuwan makarantar kwana ga ɗaliban aji na farko zuwa na takwas. 

A shekarun 1930, Gunston Hall ta kasance "ɗaya daga cikin mafi girman 'makarantar al'adu' ga 'yan mata a Amurka".  A watan Yunin 1942, mai jawabi na kammala karatun makarantar shine Harry S. Truman, wanda 'yarsa Margaret ta kammala karatunta.  Jawabin Sanatan na wancan lokacin wani ɓangare ne na bikin cika shekaru 50 na makarantar.  Duk da haka, an rufe makarantar Gunston Hall a shekarar 1942 saboda ƙarancin malamai, sakamakon Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu .  

Bayan rufe makarantar, Josephine Mason Easley, wacce mijinta ya rasu kwanan nan, ta koma can; gidanta ya ci gaba da kasancewa har sai da ta mutu a shekarar 1962. 

### Sake kafawa
Easley da 'yan'uwanta mata uku sun riƙe takardar izinin makarantar na tsawon shekaru ashirin.  A shekarar 1961, Cocin Pohick da ke Lorton, Virginia ta fara ƙoƙarin gyara Makarantar Gunston Hall a gidanta da ke Gunston Neck, Virginia.   Kafin ta mutu, Easley ta shiga cikin wannan ƙoƙarin kuma ta mayar da takardar izinin makarantar zuwa Cocin Pohick.  

An buɗe makarantar Gunston Hall da aka sake ginawa a Virginia a shekarar 1962 kuma ta koyar da ɗaliban aji na kindergarten har zuwa aji biyar.   An ɗauki hayar mai zane Milton L. Grigg don tsara sabon gini ga makarantar.  Duk da haka, makarantar ta rufe a shekarar 1966 bayan da membobin Cocin Pohick suka nuna rashin sha'awar aikin. 

An mayar da takardar izinin makarantar zuwa wata makaranta mai zaman kanta da ke Springfield, Virginia wadda Cocin Episcopal na St. Christopher ke gudanarwa.  A Springfield, makarantar tana koyar da yara ƙanana har zuwa aji shida.  An rufe makarantar Springfield a shekarar 1978 bayan ta rasa hayar ta. 

A shekarar 1979, Makarantar Gunston Hall ta zama asusun tallafi na gidauniya da ilimi, wanda Helen da John Wharton Hazard suka kafa don taimaka wa ɗalibai mabukata masu nakasa ta ilimi.  Haɗarin ya kasance yana da hannu wajen gyara Makarantar Gunston Hall da ke Lorton; John shine shugaban makarantar, kuma Helen ita ce shugabar makarantar.   

## Harabar jami'a

Da farko, Makarantar Gunston Hall tana cikin wani gida mai zaman kansa a 3017 O Street a unguwar Georgetown da ke Washington, DC   An gina wannan babban gidan a farkon karni na 19 a matsayin gidan Commodore Stephen Cassin .  Makarantar ta fuskanci Temple Heights, wani gida mai fadin eka 18. 

Daga 1900 zuwa 1906, makarantar tana kan Thomas Circle a mahadar titin Massachusetts da titin 14th.   Ya haɗa da gidaje biyu da ke makwabtaka da kuma ginin ɗaki na kusurwa.  

Da farkon Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, makarantar ta daidaita manhajar karatunta.  An ƙarfafa ɗalibai su ɗauki rubutu, gajeriyar hanya, da kuma tattalin arziki na gida .  Duk da haka, har yanzu ana koyar da fasaha, girki, adabi, da kiɗa. Bugu da ƙari, makarantar ta ƙara horo kan ƙirar cikin gida a watan Satumba na 1942. 

## Manazarta