Felicia Kentridge

**Felicia, Lady Kentridge** (née **Geffen**; 7 Agusta 1930 - 7 Yuni 2015) lauya ce ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai fafutukar yaki da nuna wariyar launin fata wacce ta kafa Cibiyar Albarkatun Shari'a ta Afirka ta Kudu (LRC) a cikin shekarar 1979.  LRC ta wakilci baƙaƙen fata 'yan Afirka ta Kudu masu adawa da mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata tare da soke dokokin nuna wariya da dama; Kentridge ta shiga cikin wasu hukunce-hukuncen shari'a na Cibiyar.  Kentridge da mijinta, fitaccen lauya Sydney Kentridge, sun ci gaba da kasancewa tare da LRC bayan ƙarshen wariyar mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata, kodayake sun koma Ingila na dindindin a cikin shekarar 1980s.  A cikin shekarunta na baya, Kentridge ta ɗauki zane-zane, kuma ɗanta William Kentridge ya zama sanannen mai fasaha. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa

### Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Felicia, Lady Kentridge Felicia Nahoma Geffen a Johannesburg a cikin shekarar 1930, 'yar ƙaramar dangin shari'ar Yahudawa; mahaifiyarta ita ce mace ta farko a Afirka ta Kudu.  Felicia ta yi karatun shari'a a Jami'ar Cape Town sannan daga baya Jami'ar Witwatersrand, ta sami LLB daga karshen a 1953.  A cikin 1952, yayin da har yanzu tana karatu, ta auri Sydney Kentridge, lauya wanda ya ci gaba da kare Nelson Mandela da sauran manyan masu adawa da wariyar launin fata a cikin Treason Trial na shekarar 1956.  

### Gwagwarmayar adawa da nuna wariyar launin fata
Felicia da Sydney Kentridge duk sun kasance masu adawa da mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata, kuma Felicia ta nemi soke tushen doka na wariya da wariya a Afirka ta Kudu. A farkon shekarun 1970, ta ziyarci Amurka don nazarin ayyukan cibiyoyin shari'a na jama'a, kuma an yi wahayi zuwa ga samun irin wannan asibitin shari'a ga matalautan Afirka ta Kudu a shekarar 1973.   A cikin shekarar 1979, a karkashin jagorancin lauyoyin kare hakkin jama'a na Amurka Jack Greenberg da Michael Meltsner, ita da wasu manyan lauyoyi masu adawa da wariyar launin fata, ciki har da mijinta Sydney da Arthur Chaskalson, sun kafa Cibiyar Albarkatun Shari'a (wanda aka tsara a kan NAACP Legal Defence and Educational Fund, wanda Greenberg ya kasance darektan-baƙar fata na Afirka) don yakin neman adalci da adalci.   Kentridge ya yi tafiya zuwa ƙasashen waje don tattara tallafi ga LRC, kuma ya sami nasarar samun kuɗi daga cibiyoyi irin su Carnegie, Ford da Gidauniyar Rockefeller.  Ta gudanar da harkokin gudanarwa na LRC, kuma ta ba da gudummawa ga wasu muhimman nasarorin da ta samu a shari'a, tare da taimakawa wajen soke dokokin nuna wariya irin su tsarin ba da izinin baƙar fata na Afirka ta Kudu.  

A farkon shekara ta 1980s, Kentridge da mijinta sun ƙaura zuwa London, kodayake ta ci gaba da tafiya zuwa Afirka ta Kudu akai-akai don taimakawa LRC.  Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar Legal Resources Trust, kuma ta taimaka wajen kafa ayyukan ayyukan shari'a na Afirka ta Kudu da Ilimin Shari'a da kuma Ƙungiyar Taimakon Shari'a ta Burtaniya, wacce daga baya ta zama wani ɓangare na Canon Collins Education and Legal Assistance Trust.  Bayan kawo karshen mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata a cikin shekarar 1994, Kentridge ya ci gaba da kasancewa tare da LRC, wanda ke ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan shari'a na buƙatun jama'a har zuwa yau.  Majalisar Lauyoyin Afirka ta Kudu ta ba da lambar yabo ta shekara-shekara mai suna a cikin girmamawar Kentridge, lambar yabo ta Sydney da Felicia Kentridge, don ƙwarewa a cikin dokokin sha'awar jama'a. 

### Bayan rayuwa da mutuwa
A cikin shekarunta na baya, Kentridge ta zama mai zane, tana aiki mafi yawa a cikin ruwa.  A ƙarshe an gano ta da ciwon gurguwar ƙwayar cuta, wanda a ƙarshe ya sa ta gurgunce. Ta mutu a gida a Maida Vale, London, a watan Yuni 2015. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
A cikin shekarar 1952, Geffen ya auri Sydney Kentridge (yanzu Sir Sydney), lauya ɗan Afirka ta Kudu kuma alkali na Kotun Tsarin Mulki sau ɗaya, wanda ya tsira daga gare ta. A lokacin da ta rasu a shekarar 2015, ta haifi ‘ya’ya huɗu, jikoki tara da kuma jikoki ɗaya.  Babban ɗanta, William, ɗan Afirka ta Kudu mai fasaha ne, mai magana da jama'a kuma mai shirya fina-finai. 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

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* Legal Resources Centre official website