Kay Moonsamy

**Kesval Moonsamy** (5 Yuli 1926 - 21 Yuni 2017) ɗan ƙungiyar ƙwadagon Afirka ta Kudu ne, ɗan siyasa kuma mai fafutukar yaƙi da nuna wariyar launin fata. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin mutane 156 da ake tuhuma a cikin 1956 Treason Trial. Ya tafi gudun hijira a shekarar 1965 kuma ya koma Afirka ta Kudu a shekarar 1991. An zaɓi Moonsamy a matsayin ma'ajin jam'iyyar gurguzu ta Afirka ta Kudu a shekarar 1997 kuma ya zama ɗan majalisar dokokin Afirka ta ƙasa  daga shekarun 1999 zuwa 2009.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Kesval Moonsamy ne a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin 1926 a birnin Durban, a wancan lokaci na Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu. Sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara 14, ya zama ma’aikacin masana’anta don ya taimaka wa iyalinsa.  Ba da daɗewa ba ya shiga ƙungiyar ƙwadago kuma tun yana ɗan shekara 19, ya zama shugaban ƙungiyar ma’aikatan Natal Box, Broom da Brush.  Moonsamy ya kuma zama memba na jam'iyyar gurguzu ta Afirka ta Kudu lokacin yana ɗan shekara 18 kuma bayan shekaru 5 ya samu zaɓe a kwamitin Durban na jam'iyyar. 

A daidai wannan lokacin, Moonsamy ya kuma shiga cikin Natal Indian Congress (NIC). Ya goyi bayan jagorancin Monty Naicker na ɓangaren ci gaba na ƙungiyar kuma yana cikin kafa "majalisar yaki da nuna wariyar launin fata" mai adawa da ƙungiyar Kajee-Pather mai ra'ayin mazan jiya da ke neman mayar da hankali kawai kan batutuwan 'yan Afirka ta Kudu na Indiya kuma ba su da alaka da jam'iyyar African National Congress (ANC). Moonsamy na cikin shirin ɗaukar ma'aikata wanda ya ɗauki masu ci gaba 30,000 zuwa ƙungiyar wanda hakan ya haifar da nasarar da ƙungiyar ta samu kan ƙungiyar Kajee-Pather.  Daga nan NIC ta haɗa kan Majalisar Indiya ta Transvaal wajen daidaita kamfen na gwagwarmaya a shekarar 1946 game da rarrabuwar kawuna. Moonsamy da wasu masu zanga-zangar 25,000 sun yi tattaki daga dandalin Red Square zuwa wani fili da ba kowa a mahaɗar Gale Street da Umbilo Road a Durban a ranar 13 ga watan Yunin 1946, wanda ya sabawa dokar mallakar filaye na Asiya da dokar wakilcin Indiya ta 1946 wacce ta haramta wa Indiyawa sayen filaye daga wasu yankunan da ba na Indiya ba. An kama Moonsamy a ranar cikarsa shekaru 20 da haihuwa kuma aka yanke masa hukuncin watanni huɗu a gidan yari na Durban.

## Gwagwarmaya yaƙi da nuna wariyar launin fata
Jam'iyyar National Party of Africa ta Kudu ta hau ƙaragar mulki bayan nasarar da suka samu a babban zaɓen ƙasar na shekarar 1948 kuma ta fara kafa tsarin mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata. Bayan zartar da dokar hana gurguzu ta 1950 wacce ta haramta jam'iyyar gurguzu ta Afirka ta Kudu, Moonsamy ya fara aiki da tsarin jam'iyyar na ƙarƙashin ƙasa. 

A cikin shekarar 1956, an kama Moonsamy da wasu shugabannin 155 na Congress Movement kuma aka tuhume su da cin amanar ƙasa. Shari'ar da aka fi sani da Trial Treason ta ƙare a shekarar 1961 tare da wanke duk waɗanda ake tuhuma.  Moonsamy ya shafe lokacinsa a ƙarƙashin ƙasa yana bin yanayin gaggawa a cikin shekarar 1960. A watan Mayun 1961, shi ne wanda ya shirya zanga-zangar ta ƙasa ta kwanaki uku. An ba Moonsamy umarnin haramtawa a shekarar 1963 kuma an kama shi bayan wata guda bayan ya karya ta. 

Duk da cewa ba a ba wa 'yan Indiyawan Afirka ta Kudu izinin zama membobin jam'iyyar ANC ba, Moonsamy ya tafi gudun hijira a shekarar 1965 bisa buƙatar jam'iyyar. Ya bar matarsa Kendhri da yara a baya. Sai kawai ya sake ganinsu a Swaziland a cikin shekarar 1980, shekaru goma sha biyar bayan ya tafi gudun hijira.  Bayan ya bar Afirka ta Kudu a ranar 29 ga watan Yuni 1965,  ya zauna a Botswana na tsawon shekaru uku kafin ya je hedkwatar jam'iyyar ANC a Lusaka a Zambia inda ya taimaka wajen shirya taron jam'iyyar Morogoro na shekarar 1969 a Morogoro, Tanzania, inda aka buɗe mambobin jam'iyyar ga 'yan Afirka ta Kudu na kowane jinsi. 

Moonsamy ya zama babban wakilin ANC a shekarar 1978 kuma daga baya ya tafi New Delhi. A cikin shekarar 1983, an zaɓe shi babban ma'ajin kungiyar kwadago ta Afirka ta Kudu (SACTU), muƙamin da ya riƙe har zuwa shekara ta 1987.  Ya zama shugaban ƙarshe na SACTU a shekarar 1989.  Yayin da yake Tanzaniya, Moonsamy ya taimaka wajen tsara Kwalejin 'Yanci ta Solomon Mahlangu. Ya koma Afirka ta Kudu a shekarar 1991. 

## Bayan mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata
An zaɓi Moonsamy a matsayin ma'ajin jam'iyyar gurguzu ta Afirka ta Kudu a shekarar 1997.  Bayan murabus ɗin Limpho Hani a matsayin 'yar majalisar dokokin ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu a watan Agustan shekarar 1999, an zaɓi Moonsamy domin ta hau kujerar ta a majalisar.  Ya ci gaba da zama ɗan majalisa har zuwa shekara ta 2009. 

An ba Moonsamy lambar yabo ta Luthuli a cikin tagulla a cikin shekarar 2015.  

A cikin watan Yuni 2016, Moonsamy da abokin gwagwarmaya a shekarar 1946 Passive Resistance, Swaminathan Gounden, sun taru a Red Square a Durban wanda yanzu shine Nichol Square Parkade. Dandalin shine babban wurin taron siyasa a shekarun 1940 da 1950. 

## Mutuwa
Moonsamy ya mutu a ranar 21 ga watan Yuni 2017. Yana da shekaru 90 a lokacin mutuwarsa.  Matarsa ta rasu a shekara ta 2011.  Shugaba Jacob Zuma ya ayyana jana'izar Moonsamy na musamman na lardin, sannan ya ba da umarnin a daga tutar ƙasar  a dukkan tashoshin tuta da ke KwaZulu-Natal a ranar jana'izar sa.  An yi jana'izarsa a ranar 24 ga watan Yuni 2017 a Clare Estate Crematorium. 

## Manazarta