Ama Ata Aidoo

**Ama Ata Aidoo**, née **Christina Ama Aidoo** (an haife ta a ranar 23 ga watan Maris, 1942) ita marubuciya ce, 'yar ƙasar Ghana kuma mai ilimi. Ta kasance Ministan Ilimi a karkashin gwamnatin Jerry Rawlings. A shekarar 2000, ta kafa gidauniyar Mbaasem don ingantawa da tallafawa aikin marubutan mata na Afirka.

## Rayuwar farko
An haife Aidoo a ranar 23 ga watan Maris din shekarar 1942 a Saltpond a yankin tsakiyar Ghana. Wasu kafofin da suka hada da Megan Behrent, Jami'ar Brown, da *Africa Who's Who* sun bayyana cewa an haife ta a ranar 31 Maris 1940. Tana da ɗan'uwan tagwaye, Kwame Ata.

Ta girma a gidan sarauta na Fante, 'yar Nana Yaw Fama, shugaban Abeadzi Kyiakor, da Maame Abasema. Ta girma ne a lokacin sake tsarin mulkin mallaka na Birtaniyya wanda ke faruwa a mahaifarta. Neocolonialists suka kashe kakanta, wanda ya jawo hankalin mahaifinta kan mahimmancin ilmantar da yara da dangin kauyen kan tarihi da abubuwan da suka faru a zamanin. Wannan ya sa ya buɗe makarantar farko a ƙauyensu kuma ya rinjayi Aidoo don zuwa makarantar sakandaren Wesley, inda ta yanke shawarar farko cewa tana son zama marubuci.

## Ilimi
Aidoo ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta Wesley a Cape Coast, daga 1961 zuwa 1964. Bayan kammala makarantar sakandare, ta yi rajista a Jami'ar Gana, Legon inda ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Turanci sannan kuma ta rubuta wasanninta na farko, *The Dilemma of a Ghost*, a shekarar 1964. Longman ne ya buga wannan wasan a shekara mai zuwa, wanda ya sanya Aidoo ta zama mace ta farko da ta fara buga wasan Afirka.

## Aiki
An nada Ama a matsayin Ministan Ilimi a karkashin Provisional National Defence Council a shekarar 1982. Ta yi murabus bayan watanni 18, tare da sanin cewa ba za ta iya cimma burin ta na samar da ilimi a kasar ta Ghana ba tare da yardar kowa ba. Ta nuna matsayin matan Afirka a cikin rayuwar zamani. Ta yi niyyar cewa shugabannin 'yan kwanan nan sun tura manufar kishin kasa a matsayin wata hanya ta sanya mutane cikin zalunci. Ta yi Allah wadai da wadancan 'yan Afirka masu ilimi wadanda ke da'awar son kasarsu amma fa'idodin kasashen da suka ci gaba sun yaudare su. Ta yi imani da wata takamaiman asalin Afirka, wanda take kallo daga yanayin mace.

Ta yi aiki a Amurka, inda ta yi abokantaka a cikin rubuce-rubuce na kirki a Jami'ar Stanford, California. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar bincike a Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka, Jami'ar Ghana, kuma a matsayinta na malami a Turanci a Jami'ar Cape Coast, daga ƙarshe ta tashi zuwa matsayin farfesa.

Ta kuma kwashe lokaci mai tsawo tana koyarwa da zama a ƙasashen waje na tsawon watanni. Ta rayu a Amurka, Burtaniya, Jamus da Zimbabwe.

A Landan a 1986, ta gabatar da karatun Walter Rodney Visions na Afirka wanda ƙungiyar masu tallafawa gidan wallafa Bogle-L'Ouverture ta shirya. Aidoo ta koyar da darussan Turanci daban-daban a Kwalejin Hamilton a Clinton New York, a farkon tsakiyar shekarun 1990. A yanzu haka farfesa ce mai ziyara a Sashen Nazarin Afirka na Jami'ar Brown.

Aidoo ta kasance mai ba da lambar yabo ta Etisalat don Littattafai (tare da Dele Olojede, Ellah Wakatama Allfrey, Margaret Busby, Sarah Ladipo Manyika da Zakes Mda), waɗanda aka kirkira a cikin 2013 a matsayin dandamali ga marubutan Afirka na littattafan almara. Ta samu kyautar malanta ta Fulbright a shekarar 1988 da kuma lambar yabo ta 'yan jaridu ta Mbari.

## Fim
Ita ce batun wani fim na 2014, *[[The Art of Ama Ata Aidoo]]*, wanda Yaba Badoe ya yi.

## Rubuce-rubuce
Wasan kwaikwayon na Aidoo sun hada da *The Dilemma of a Ghost*, wanda aka samar a Legon a 1964 (wanda aka fara bugawa a 1965) da Pittsburgh a 1988, da *Anowa*, wanda aka buga a 1971 kuma aka buga a London a 1991.

Ayyukanta na almara musamman suna magance tashin hankali tsakanin ra'ayoyin Yammaci da na Afirka. Littafin tarihinta na farko, *Our Sister Killjoy*, an buga ta a 1977 kuma ta kasance ɗayan shahararrun ayyukanta. Yawancin masu ba da tallafin Aidoo mata ne wadanda ke yin watsi da matsayin mata na zamani, kamar yadda a cikin wasanta *Anowa*. Littafin tarihinta ya sami lambar yabo ta 1992 Commonwealth Writer's Prize for Best Book (Afirka). Ita kuma cikakkiyar mawaƙi ce - tarin nata *Someone Talking to Sometime* ya lashe kyautar Nelson Mandela don Poetry a 1987 - kuma ta rubuta littattafan yara da yawa.

Ta ba da gudummawar yanki "Don zama mace" zuwa littafin tarihin 1984 *Sisterhood Is Global: The International Women's Movement Anthology*, edita by Robin Morgan. Labarinta "Two Sisters" ya bayyana a cikin 1992 anthology *Daughters of Africa*, editan Margaret Busby.

A shekara ta 2000 ta kafa gidauniyar Mbaasem, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta dake Ghana tare da manufar "taimakawa ci gaba da dorewar marubutan matan Afirka da fasaharsu", wadda take tafiyar da ita tare da 'yarta Kinna Likimani  da kwamitin gudanarwa.

Aidoo ita ce edita na Tarihin *African Love Stories* na 2006. A shekarar 2012, ta bullo da Diplomatic Pounds & Other Stories tattara bayanai na gajerun labarai da kuma wani wanda tarin litattafai ne daga shahararrun marubutan a kasar Ghana, Afirka da kuma kasashen waje na Afirka.

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa
Kyautar Aidoo ta samu sun haɗa da lambar yabo ta 1992 Commonwealth Writers' Prize for Best Book (Africa) don sabon littafinta *Changes*.

Kyautar littafin Aidoo-Snyder, wanda ƙungiyar mata ta ƙungiyar nazarin Afirka ta bayar don wani fitaccen littafi da wata mata ta buga wanda ke ba da fifiko ga abubuwan da matan Afirka suka yi, an ba su suna don girmama Ama Ata Aidoo da Margaret C. Snyder, wacce ita ce ta kafa. darektan UNIFEM. 

An ƙaddamar da shi a cikin Maris 2017, Cibiyar Ama Ata Aidoo don Ƙirƙirar Rubuce-rubuce (Aidoo Centre), karkashin kulawar Kojo Yankah School of Communications Studies a African University College of Communications (AUCC) a Adabraka, Accra, an ba ta suna a matsayin girmamawa — cibiyar irinta ta farko a yammacin Afirka, tare da Nii Ayikwei Parkes a matsayin darekta.

## Ayyukan da aka zaɓa

* *The Dilemma of a Ghost* (play), Accra: Longman, 1965. New York: Macmillan, 1971.
* *Anowa* (wasa dangane da almara na kasar Ghana), London: Longman, 1970. New York: Humanities Press, 1970.
* *No Sweetness Here: A Collection of Short Stories*, Longman, 1970.
* *Our Sister Killjoy: or Reflections from a Black-eyed Squint* (labari), Longman, 1977.
* *Someone Talking to Sometime* (a poetry collection), Harare: College Press, 1986.
* *The Eagle and the Chickens and Other Stories* (ga yara), Tana Press, 1986.
* *Birds and Other Poems*, Harare: College Press, 1987.
* *An Angry Letter in January* (wakoki), Dangaroo Press, 1992.
* *Changes: a Love Story* (labari), The Women's Press, 1991.
* *The Girl Who Can and Other Stories*, Heinemann African Writers Series, 1997.
* *Diplomatic Pounds & Other Stories*, Ayebia Clarke Publishing, 2012.

### A matsayin edita

* *African Love Stories: An Anthology*, *African Love Stories: An Anthology*, Ayebia Clarke Publishing, 2006.

## Ci gaba da karatu

* Aditya Misra, "Death in Surprise: Gender and Power Dynamics in Ama Ata Aidoo's Anowa". *Journal of Drama Studies*, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2012, pp.&nbsp;81–91.
* Anne V. Adams (ed.), *Essays in Honour of Ama Ata Aidoo at 70: A Reader in African Cultural Studies*. Ayebia Clarke Publishing, 2012.
* Ada Uzoamaka Azodo and G. Wilentz, *Emerging Perspectives on Ama Ata Aidoo*, Africa Research & Publications, 1999.
* Vincent O. Odamtten, *The Art of Ama Ata Aidoo: Polylectics and Reading Against Neocolonialism*. University Press of Florida, 1994.
* Esther Pujolràs-Noguer, *An African (Auto)biography. Ama Ata Aidoo's Literary Quest: Strangeness, nation and tradition*, Lap Lambert Academic Publishing, 2012.
* Nafeesah Allen, "Negotiating with the Diaspora: an Interview with Ama Ata Aidoo", *Scholar & Feminist Online*, 2009.

## Manazarta