Alaa Salah

Alaa Salah (an haife ta a ranar 9 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1997) ta sami hankalin kafofin watsa labarai saboda hoton da take tsaye a saman mota a lokacin juyin juya halin 2018-2019 a Sudan, wanda daga baya aka kirkiro shi "juyin juya halin mata. " [1] Ita ma memba ce ta hanyar sadarwar mata ta Sudan da ake kira MANSAM, wacce ta sanya hannu kan sanarwar 'Yanci da Canji da ke kira don cire Omar al-Bashir a watan Janairun shekara ta 2019.[2]

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi

An haifi Alaa Salah a Khartoum, babban birnin Sudan, a cikin iyali mai matsakaicin matsayi wanda ba shi da himma a siyasa. Salah ita ce ta huɗu cikin 'ya'ya takwas, kuma mahaifiyarta ƙwararriyar mai zane ce a fannin kayan ado wadda ta ƙware a *gidan gargajiya na Sudan,* wato tufafin da Salah za ta saka daga baya a cikin sanannen hotonta.  Mahaifinta yana gudanar da harkokin gini, Salah kuma ya halarci Jami'ar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Sudan, inda ya karanta aikin gona da injiniya.  

## Bayani
A watan Disamba na 2018, an fara zanga-zanga da dama kan mulkin Omar al-Bashir na shekaru 30. Da farko ya hau mulki a shekarar 1989 ta hanyar juyin mulkin soja. Zanga-zangar ta yi kira da a samar da sabbin shugabanni da gyare-gyare ga tattalin arziki.  A karkashin gwamnatin, an haramta kungiyoyin kwadago, kuma an tilasta wa kungiyoyin farar hula da yawa yin aiki a karkashin kasa. A duk tsawon mulkin, an yi yunƙurin cire shi; mafi girma kafin 2018 shine zanga-zangar 2013.  Duk da haka, a wannan lokacin an takaita damar shiga intanet kuma an yi zargin cewa an kashe daruruwan masu zanga-zanga.   Tashin hankalin da ya fi shahara kwanan nan shine zanga-zangar 2018, wacce aka kunna saboda tsadar rayuwa, inda hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ya kusa kusan kashi 70%.  Zanga-zangar ta kara ta'azzara a watan Fabrairu na 2019 kuma an ayyana dokar ta-baci ta tsawon shekara guda. An yi arangama da jami'an tsaro da amfani da hayaki mai sa hawaye kan masu zanga-zanga. 

### Matsayin mata
A lokacin mulkin al-Bashir, dokokin Sudan kamar Dokar Laifuka ta 1991 sun kasance masu aiki, wanda ya ba 'yan sanda damar kama mutane saboda "yin shigar banza," wanda ƙungiyoyi kamar Amnesty International suka yi suka a kansa saboda nuna wariya ga mata ba bisa ƙa'ida ba.  An kuma yi amfani da hukunce-hukunce kamar jifa har lahira kan laifuka kamar zina.  A shekarar 2016, wasu ƙungiyoyi sun kiyasta cewa an yanke wa mata 'yan Sudan 15,000 hukuncin bulala.  A cikin zanga-zangar 2018, kashi 60-70% na masu zanga-zangar mata ne. Wannan ya sa aka tsare mata masu fafutuka sama da ɗari a watan Disamba kuma ya sa mutane da yawa suka kira wannan motsi a matsayin "juyin juya halin mata."  

## Hoton
A ranar 8 ga Afrilu, 2019, Lana H. Haroun ta ɗauki hoton Alaa Salah.  Hoton, wanda ya nuna Salah tsaye a kan mota a cikin farin *tabarmar gida* da 'yan kunne na zinare masu siffar wata da ke kewaye da jama'a, ya jawo hankalin kafofin watsa labarai na duniya kuma ya sa aka kira ta "Statue of Liberty" ko "mace sanye da fararen kaya." Haroun ta bayyana cewa burinta shine ta jawo hankali ga buƙatun mutanen Sudan, ba kawai hoton kanta ba.  Salah ta tsaya a kan mota tana ambaton ra'ayoyin mawaƙin Sudan Azhari Mohamed Ali game da Dokar Tsarin Jama'a, wanda ya sami karbuwa. Farin tabarmar tufafi ne da ke da alaƙa da mata masu zaman kansu a cikin al'ummar Sudan, kamar malamai da ma'aikatan jinya. Wasu ma suna ganin tabarmar tana da alaƙa da mata masu fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata na Sudan a shekarun 1940 da 1950, kamar Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim, mace ta farko 'yar majalisa a majalisar dokokin Sudan.  A farkon Maris 2019, an ɗauki farin launi ga mata masu zanga-zanga a Jami'ar Ahfad don Mata .  Hoton, tare da 'yan kunne na gargajiya, ya kuma sa mutane su yi amfani da kalmar Kandake wajen ambaton Sarauniyar Nubian.  An rubuta hoton a matsayin Kandake na Juyin Juya Halin Sudan . 

A cikin sa'o'i kafin a ɗauki hoton, Salah ta bayyana cewa tana tare da ƙungiyar mata tana waƙa, sannan mutane suka fara kewaye su. Bayan wannan ranar, tana fama da ciwon makogwaro saboda ihu da karanta waƙoƙi. [1] A shafin Twitter, ta sami munanan maganganu da barazanar kisa bayan hoton ya yaɗu. Duk da haka, ta ci gaba da nuna rashin amincewa, tana cewa "Ba zan durƙusa ba. Ba za a iya danne muryata ba." [2]

## Ƙungiyoyin fafutuka

Salah ta bayyana cewa wayar da kan jama'a game da siyasa ta ƙaru a lokacin da take tafiya a jami'a kowace rana, inda ta shaida maƙwabtanta suna fama da wahalar samun kayan masarufi kamar abinci da magani. A gare ta, yaƙin kawo ƙarshen mulkin Omar al-Bashir na shekaru 30 shi ma yana da alaƙa da yaƙin neman mutane su biya musu buƙatunsu na asali.  Salah ta sami ƙwarewar yin magana a bainar jama'a ta hanyar gabatar da gabatarwa a jami'a.  Ko bayan juyin juya halin, magoya bayan Salah sun yi amfani da hoton Salah ta intanet don tallafawa wasu dalilai. Mutane a yanar gizo sun yi amfani da hoton Salah mai launin shuɗi, a lokacin zanga-zangar #BlueforSudan da kuma bayan zanga-zangar.  Bayan hoton da aka watsa a yanar gizo, Salah ta daina zuwa jami'a don mai da hankali kan fafutuka kuma ta ci gaba da fafutukar neman ƙarin mata a majalisar dokoki. Ta yi hakan ta hanyar ƙungiyar MANSAM, wacce ke fafutukar samun wakilcin mata kashi 50% a cikin tsarin zaman lafiya. A kaka ta 2019 Salah ta ba da sanarwa a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don yin fafutukar neman hakan.   Ta rubuta tare da wani littafi mai suna *The Song of the Revolt -The Sudanese Uprising Told by Icon,* tare da Martin Roux wanda aka buga a shekarar 2021.  A shekarar 2023, ta lashe kyautar Hillary Rodham Clinton daga Clinton da Georgetown Institute for Women, Peace and Security.  Zitto Kabwe, wani ɗan siyasa ɗan ƙasar Tanzaniya ya sanya wa ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'yansa Alaa-Angelika suna tare da ita don girmama fafutukar Salah da kuma kwarin gwiwarsa ga 'yan mata.

## Bayan haka
An kama Al-Bashir kuma Awad Ibn Ouf, ministan tsaro ya ayyana dokar ta-baci ta watanni uku. Juyin mulkin soja ya cire shi a ranar 11 ga Afrilu, 2019, wanda masu fafutuka suka yi adawa da shi saboda bukatarsu ta cewa sabuwar gwamnatin ba za ta iya hada kowa daga gwamnatin da ta gabata ba. Salah ya ji kamar gwamnati ta "yaudare" mutane.  Gwamnatin rikon kwarya a watan Nuwamba na 2019 ta canza Dokar Laifuka ta kuma cire dokokin tsarin jama'a na jihar. Duk da haka, don tattaunawar da aka yi a kaka ta 2019, mata biyu ne kawai aka wakilta, kuma akwai iyakacin adadin mata a Majalisar Tsakiya. An kafa kungiyoyin mata bayan juyin juya halin, kamar ƙungiyar Noon da Civil and Political Sudan Coalition (MANSAM). Waɗannan ƙungiyoyin suna fafutukar daidaiton jinsi da ci gaba da "juyin juya halin mata."  

## Manazarta