Winnie Kgware

**Winnie Motlalepula Kgware** (1917 - 1998) 'yar gwagwarmayar yaƙi da nuna wariyar launin fata ce ta Afirka ta Kudu a cikin ƙungiyar Black Consciousness Movement (BCM). An zaɓe ta a matsayin shugabar farko na taron jama'ar Black People's Convention (BPC), ƙungiyar da ke da alaƙa da BCM a cikin shekarar 1972.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Winnie Kgware a Thaba 'Nchu a cikin Orange Free State a cikin shekarar 1917. Ta girma a cikin rarrabuwar ƙabilu ta 'Yanci, kafin a kafa wariyar launin fata ta hanyar wariyar nuna launin fata, ta kasance mai son siyasa kuma ta karfafa matasa su kasance masu himma a cikin tsarin siyasa.  Bisa kiran nata, matasan sun kafa reshen ƙungiyar ɗalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu tare da kafa majalisar wakilan makaranta (SRC) a makarantar sakandare ta Hwiti, inda aka zaɓi ɗan gwagwarmaya Peter Mokaba a matsayin shugaban SRC. Sakamakon haka, lokacin tana 'yar shekara 15 kacal, Kgware ta ɗauki Peter Mokaba ya shiga harkar ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Daga baya aka kore Mokaba daga makarantar sakandare ta Hwiti saboda shigansa a gwagwarmayar kwato ‘yanci. Bayan ya kammala matric ɗinsa a matsayin ɗan takara mai zaman kansa, ba shi da kuɗin da zai ci gaba da karatun jami'a, don haka ya zaɓi ya koyar da ilimin lissafi da kimiyya a wata makarantar gida. Kgware ya shiga tsakani ya kuma taimaka ma takwararta ta siyasa da kuɗi don yin karatu a jami’a, inda ya yi karatun digiri na farko a fannin fasahar kwamfuta.

## Rayuwar Siyasa
Kgware (a lokacin har yanzu Winnie Monyatsi) ta samu horo a matsayin malama kuma daga baya ta auri Farfesa WM Kgware, wanda aka naɗa shi bakar fata na farko rector a Jami'ar Arewa (Turfloop), inda ta zauna. Da harabar makarantar ta kasance zuciyar ra'ayoyin Black Conscious, Kgware ta shiga cikin tallafawa ɗalibai a zanga-zangar da suka yi na hana gwamnati ta hana harabar makarantar.  Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukanta na farko shi ne shirya ƙungiyar addu'a ta Methodist don saba wa umarnin da ya haramta wa ɗalibai yin ibada a harabar. Bayan wannan kuma, ta ba da arziƙi ga ƙungiyar ɗalibai, kuma ta ba da damar a yi amfani da ita da gidan mijinta a matsayin wurin taron jama'a na *Jami'ar Christian Movement* (UCM), kungiyar da aka hana shiga harabar a lokacin. Ba tare da la’akari da tazarar shekarun da ke tsakaninta da ’yan uwanta masu fafutuka ba, ta taka rawar gani wajen kaddamar da kungiyar ɗalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (SASO) a shekarar 1968, bayan ficewarta daga UCM, saboda rashin gamsuwar da masu fafutuka na baƙaƙen fata (ciki har da Steve Biko ) suka yi tare da kwamitin zartarwa na ƙasa baki ɗaya na UCM.  A shekara ta 1972, taron jama'ar Black People's Convention (BPC) ya yi taron ƙasa na farko a Hammanskraal daga ranar 16 zuwa 17 ga watan Disamba, tare da wakilai sama da 1400 da suka halarci taron da ke wakiltar ƙungiyoyi 154. A waccan taron, Winnie Kgware, Madibeng Mokoditoa, Sipho Buthelezi, Mosubudi Mangena da Saths Cooper sun zama shugaban kasa, mataimakin shugabannin, sakatare-janar, mai tsara ƙasa da kuma jami’in hulɗa da jama’a, bi da bi, waɗanda suka zama kwamitin zartarwa na ƙasa na BPC, wata ƙungiya ta Black Consciousness Movement a lokacin, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Steve Biko.  A ranar 19 ga watan Oktoban 1977, 'yan makonni bayan kisan Steve Biko a hannun 'yan sanda, gwamnatin Afirka ta Kudu ta haramtawa ƙungiyoyi 18 masu alaka da BCM, tare da BPC daga cikin waɗannan. Wani lamari da ya fito fili a cikin hoton Kgware na kudurinta na mayar da tsarin wariyar launin fata ba zai iya mulki ba a shekarar 1977 lokacin da jami'an tsaro suka tsayar da masu zanga-zangar bas zuwa jana'izar Steve Biko a Ginsberg, a wajen garin King Williams. Kgware, mai shekaru 66 a lokacin, ta kaucewa ‘yan sanda, inda ta bi ta hanyar hawa hawa zuwa garin Sarki Williams domin halartar jana’izar Biko. Wasu daga cikin manyan matan da Kgware ta jagoranta kuma suka yi aiki tare da su a cikin Black Consciousness Movement sun haɗa da Mamphela Ramphele, Deborah Matshoba, Oshadi Mangena, da Nomsizi Kraai. Bayan tsawon rayuwar koyarwa da aikin fafutuka, Kgware ta mutu a shekara ta 1998 a gida a Arewa maso Yamma-Bophuthatswana.

## Yabo
A cikin shekarar 1998, Cibiyar Umtapo a Durban, wacce ke ikirarin cewa an yi wahayi zuwa ga falsafar Black Consciousness kuma an kafa shi don tunawa da BCM da shugaban AZAPO Strini Moodley, ta ba da lambar yabo ta Steve Biko ga Kgware don sanin rawar da ta taka a gwagwarmayar 'yanci. Daga baya, a cikin shekarar 2003, sannan Shugaba Thabo Mbeki ya ba Winnie Kgware, odar Luthuli bayan mutuntawa don kyakkyawan jagoranci da sadaukar da kai ga manufofin dimokuraɗiyya, rashin wariyar launin fata, zaman lafiya da adalci.

## Duba kuma

* Tarihin Afrika ta Kudu Online
* Black Consciousness Movement

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Fadar Shugaban Kasa 
* Steve Biko Foundation

## Manazarta