Fataucin mutane a Habasha

A shekara ta 2009 Habasha ta kasance ƙasa mai tushe ga maza, mata, da yara da ke fuskantar fataucin mutane, musamman yanayin tilasta aiki da tilasta karuwanci. An tilasta 'yan mata daga yankunan karkara na Habasha zuwa bautar gida kuma, sau da yawa, Cin zarafin jima'i na kasuwanci, yayin da aka tilasta wa yara maza aiki a cikin zane-zane na gargajiya, hakar zinariya, noma, kiwo, da sayar da titi. An tilasta wa 'yan matan Habasha zuwa bautar gida a waje da Habasha, da farko a Djibouti da Sudan, yayin da aka tilasta wa' yan Habasha aiki a Dji bouti a matsayin mataimakan shago da yara maza.

Mata daga dukkan sassan Habasha suna fuskantar bautar cikin gida ba tare da son rai ba a duk Gabas ta Tsakiya da Sudan, kuma da yawa suna wucewa ta Djibouti, Masar, Libya, Somalia, ko Yemen yayin da suke ƙaura zuwa wuraren aiki. Mata na Habasha a Gabas ta Tsakiya suna fuskantar mummunar cin zarafi, gami da cin zarafin jiki da jima'i, hana albashi, hana barci, tsare, ɗaurewa, da kisan kai. Mutane da yawa suna cikin damuwa da Rashin lafiya na hankali; wasu suna kashe kansa. Ana cin zarafin wasu mata a kasuwancin jima'i bayan sun isa inda suke, musamman a gidajen karuwai da kusa da filayen mai a Sudan.

Ƙananan ƙwararrun maza na Habasha suna ƙaura zuwa Saudi Arabia, Jihohin Larabawa na Tekun Farisa, da sauran ƙasashen Afirka, inda ake tilasta musu aiki. A cikin shekara, Ofishin Tsaro da Gudanarwa na Yankin Somaliya ya kara daukar ma'aikata ga Sojoji 'yan sanda na Musamman da' yan bindiga na gida. An ruwaito cewa sojojin da gwamnati ke tallafawa da kungiyoyin masu tayar da kayar baya a cikin Degehabur da Fiq Zones sun dauki yara ba bisa ka'ida ba, kodayake ba za a iya tabbatar da waɗannan zarge-zargen ba.

Gwamnatin Habasha ba ta cika cikakkun ka'idoji don kawar da fataucin mutane ba; duk da haka, tana yin kokari sosai don yin hakan. Gwamnati ta sami ci gaba a cikin shekarar da ta gabata wajen magance fataucin kasa da kasa ta hanyar kara yawan kokarin tilasta bin doka. Saboda wani bangare na kafa Sashen Cinikin Dan Adam da Narcotics a cikin Sashin Binciken Laifuka na 'Yan Sanda na Tarayya, an kara jaddada bincike da gurfanar da laifukan fataucin kasa da kasa, kodayake ci gaba da rashin bincike da gurbin laifukan cinikin ciki ya kasance damuwa. Gwamnati ta ci gaba da kokarin ta na samar da taimako ga wadanda ke fama da fataucin yara da aka gano a babban birnin.

Ofishin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka don Kulawa da Yaki da Cin Hanci da Kasuwanci a cikin Mutane ya sanya Habasha a cikin "Tier 2" a cikin 2017  da 2023 . 

Kasar ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar TIP ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 2000 a watan Yunin 2012.

A cikin 2023, Ƙididdigar Laifuka ta Ƙungiya ta ba Habasha kashi 8 cikin 10 don fataucin mutane, tana mai lura da cewa yakin Habasha da Tigray da sauran rikice-rikicen makamai sun iyakance aikin gwamnati na hana fataucin kuma sun kara yawan mutanen da ke cikin ƙasa.

Wani rahoto mai zaman kansa a cikin 2023 ya lura cewa Horn of Africa (musamman Djibouti) babban wurin wucewa ne ga Habashawa da ake fataucin su zuwa Saudi Arabia, tare da matsakaicin mutane 12,000 da ke tafiya a cikin ƙasar kowane wata.

## Shari'a (2009)
Kodayake gwamnatin Habasha ta kara kokarin da take yi na gurfanar da kuma azabtar da masu aikata laifukan fataucin kasa da kasa, gurfanarwar shari'ar fataucin cikin gida ba ta wanzu ba. Mataki na 635 na Dokar Laifuka ta Habasha (Cuwanci a cikin Mata da Yara) ya aikata laifuka na fataucin jima'i kuma ya ba da horo wanda bai wuce shekaru biyar ba. Mataki na 596 (Bautar) da 597 (Hotunan Mata da Yara) sun haramta Bautar da fataucin ma'aikata, kuma sun ba da horo na shekaru biyar zuwa 20 na ɗaurin kurkuku.

## Karewa (2009)
.Kodayake gwamnati ba ta da albarkatun da za su ba da taimako kai tsaye ga wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane ko kuma su ba da kuɗin kungiyoyin ba da agaji don samar da kulawar wadanda aka azabtar, 'yan sanda sun yi amfani da hanyoyin gano wadanda aka azabta da su da kuma hanyoyin turawa a cikin babban birnin, a kai a kai suna tura wadanda aka gano yara ga kungiyoyin ba tare da agaji ba don kulawa. A cikin shekara, Rukunin Kare Yara (CPUs) - haɗin gwiwar 'yan sanda-NGO da ƙungiyoyin turawa da ke aiki a kowane ɗayan' yan sanda 10 na Addis Ababa - sun ceci yara kuma sun tura yara zuwa CPU na goma sha ɗaya a Tashar bas ta tsakiya, wanda aka sadaukar da shi ne kawai don ganowa da samun kulawa ga yara masu fataucin mutane.

## Rigakafi (2009)
Kokarin Habasha na hana fataucin kasa da kasa ya karu, yayin da matakan da za a kara wayar da kan jama'a game da fataucin cikin gida sun kasance marasa mahimmanci. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2009, Ma'aikatar Ayyuka da Harkokin Jama'a (MOLSA) ta tara rundunar Inter-Ministerial Task Force on Trafficking a karo na farko a cikin sama da shekaru biyu. A sakamakon haka, MOLSA da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje sun dauki bakuncin "Taron Kasa kan Cinikin Dan Adam da Shige da Fice Ba bisa ka'ida ba" a watan Maris na shekara ta 2010, wanda ya gudanar da rubuce-rubucen shirin aiki na kasa. Gwamnati ta ci gaba da hana 'yan ƙasa daga tafiya zuwa Lebanon, Siriya, da Qatar don dalilai na aiki.

A watan Yulin shekara ta 2009, gwamnati ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar aiki ta biyu tare da Gwamnatin Kuwait, wanda ya hada da tanadi don kara hadin gwiwar tilasta bin doka da fataucin mutane; yarjejeniyar za ta zama mai ɗaurewa da zarar Majalisar Wakilai ta Jama'a ta zartar da ita, wanda Shugaban ya sanya hannu, kuma aka buga ta a cikin Gazette. Tsakanin Yuli da Disamba 2009, masu ba da shawara guda biyu na MOLSA sun ba da ma'aikata masu ƙaura 5,355 tare da zaman shiryawa na sa'o'i uku kafin tashi game da haɗarin ƙaurawar ma'aikata da yanayin ƙasashe masu karɓa; ba a samun bayanai a farkon rabin shekara ba. MOLSA kuma ta yi haɗin gwiwa tare da IOM don kafa bayanan bayanai don bin diddigin hukumomin daukar ma'aikata da aka ba su izinin aika ma'aikata zuwa kasashen waje, da kuma korafe-korafen ma'aikata.

## Manazarta