Nina Browne

**Nina Eliza Browne** (6 ga Oktoba, 1860 - 1954) ta kasance mai kula da ɗakin karatu kuma mai adana bayanai na Amurka. Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da ɗakin karatu a Jami'ar Harvard da Boston Athenæum, mai rajista a Ƙungiyar Laburaren Amirka, kuma mai adana bayanai a Kwalejin Smith . Ta kirkiro tsarin caji, wanda aka sani da Browne Issue System, don ɗakunan karatu a shekara ta 1895. Ta kasance memba, sakatariya, kuma memba na kwamitin wallafe-wallafen American Library Association, kuma ta kasance memba na Massachusetts Library Association .

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Nina Eliza Browne  ko Nina Elizabeth,  a Erving, Massachusetts a ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 1860.Iyayenta sune Charles Theodore Browne da Nancy S. Chapman Browne .  Ta zauna a Boston kuma ta kasance ba ta da aure.

## Ilimi

Browne ta sami digiri na farko a shekara ta 1882 da kuma digiri na biyu a shekara ta 1881 daga Kwalejin Smith kuma, bisa ga shawarar abokin aji, ya halarci Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta Kwalejin Columbia. Browne da abokan aji arba'in da uku sun yi karatu a ƙarƙashin Melvil Dewey a cikin shekaru biyu da ya koyar a Columbia. An koyar da ajin a cikin ɗakin ajiya na dā, saboda ba a yarda mata su shiga ɗakunan ajiya ba.

Kodayake shirin Columbia bai ba da digiri ba a farkon shekarunsa, a cikin 1889 Dewey (mai kula da ɗakin karatu na Jihar New York a lokacin) ya sami nasarar yin korafi a madadin ɗalibansa. Bayan kammala gwaje-gwaje goma sha shida, rubutun batutuwa, da kuma rubutun, an ba Browne da wani dalibi digiri na farko na Kimiyya na Laburaren daga Jami'ar Jihar New York a 1891. 

## Ayyuka

### Farkon aiki

Browne tana da ɗan gajeren aiki a matsayin malami, tsakanin kammala karatunta daga Smith da karatunta a Columbia. Ta kasance mataimakiyar mai kula da ɗakin karatu a ɗakin karatu na Jami'ar Columbia a 1888 zuwa 1889. Shekaru uku masu zuwa ta yi aiki a ɗakin karatu na Jihar New York. Ta yi aiki a Ofishin Laburaren a Boston har zuwa 1896. An bayyana aikinta a can kamar haka, "An yi lissafin da aka yi a Ofishin Laburaren, inda babu isasshen tarin littattafai, an hana shi da wannan rashin, amma don daidaito da hanzari na aikin duk yabo saboda kuzari da sha'awar Miss Nina E. Browne, na Ofishin Labiraren" 

### Tsarin Bayani na Browne
A shekara ta 1895,  ta kirkiro tsarin caji na littafin ɗakin karatu,  wanda ake kira tsarin ba da rancen katin Browne, ko Browne Issue System.  A shekara ta 1897, ta ba da jawabi ga Ƙungiyar Laburaren Amirka mai taken, Classification, catalogs, da kayan aikin laburaren zamani. Ta kasance mai magana a ƙarshen Maris 1901 a Taron Bi-State na Pennsylvania Library Club da New Jersey Library Association . Batun shine amfani da katunan da aka buga tare don ɗakunan karatu. An yanke shawarar cewa wannan zai zama mafi amfani da tsada ga manyan ɗakunan karatu. A wannan lokacin, amfani da katunan ɗakin karatu na gwaji ne.

### Ci gaba da aiki

Ta kasance co-edita tare da William Coolidge Lane na A.L.A Portrait Index, wanda aka buga a 1906. Yana da jerin hotuna da aka buga a cikin littattafai da littattafai. A shekarar da ta gabata, ta wallafa A Bibliography of Nathaniel Hawthorne .  Browne ya kuma kirkiro Katalog na Jami'ai, Graduates, da Nongraduates na Kwalejin Smith . 

Ta kasance mataimakiyar mai kula da ɗakin karatu a Jami'ar Harvard, tun daga 1911,  kuma a Boston Athenaeum . 

Ayyukan Browne a matsayin mai adana bayanai ya fara ne a 1921, lokacin da Kwalejin Smith ta hayar ta a matsayin mai ajiya na farko na Kwalejin KwalejinSmith .  Browne ta kasance mai aiki a cikin Ƙungiyar Alumna, kuma kayan daga lokacin da take daliba (wanda mahaifiyarta ta ceci) sun zama tushen tarin farko. Kodayake an fara hayar ta da ido ga bikin cika shekaru 50 na kwalejin a 1925, ta kasance a matsayinta bayan taron. Ta zama makanta, wanda ya sa ta yi ritaya a shekarar 1937. Browne ya kasance mai karfi mai ba da shawara ga tarihin, yana tabbatar da muhimmancinsa da buƙatar sararin samaniya don tarin. Margaret Storrs Grierson ta shiga cikin rawar mai adana bayanai a kwaleji a shekara ta 1940.  

## Mutuwa
Browne tana zaune a Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts a Gidan Ikilisiyar Triniti, lokacin da ta mutu a shekara ta 1954, tana da shekaru 94. 

## Ƙungiyoyin ɗakin karatu
Browne ta kasance memba na Massachusetts Library Club, yanzu Massachusetts Library Association, kuma ya ƙarfafa wasu masu ɗakin karatu su yi ba da gudummawa ga al'ummomi don tantance abubuwan da suke so. Misali, a shekara ta 1896, ta ba da shawarar tuntuɓar shugabannin kungiyoyin kwadago don sanin waɗanne littattafan membobinsu da sauran mutane a cikin al'umma zasu iya jin daɗin karatu. An ce game da wannan ƙoƙari, "Babu wani abu da ake buƙata fiye da yin masu sana'a kuma shugabannin kungiyoyin kwadago sun yi imanin cewa ɗakin karatu ya wanzu don amfanin su, kuma sun sa su yi amfani da shi don sanar da kansu game da batutuwan tattalin arziki da duk tambayoyin yau".

Ta kasance mataimakiyar sakatare sannan kuma sakatare na Ƙungiyar Laburaren Amirka na shekaru da yawa, tun daga 1889, kuma tana cikin kwamitin bugawa, don wa'adin da zai ƙare a shekara ta 1914. Browne ya kasance mai rajista na ALA daga 1889 ko 1909. A shekara ta 1909, ta halarci taron ALA guda 20, wanda aka gudanar a birane a ko'ina cikin Amurka da kuma taron kasa da kasa guda biyu a London.

## Daraja
A cikin 1930, Kwalejin Smith ta ba Browne lambar yabo ta Doctorate of Letters . 

## Manazarta