Dokar Magance Dumamar Duniya ta 2006

**Dokar dumamar yanayi ta 2006**, ko Majalisar Dokokin (AB) 32, wata doka ce ta jihar California da ke yaki da dumamar yanayi ta hanyar kafa wani cikakken shiri na rage hayakin iskar gas daga dukkan tushe a fadin jihar. AB32 ya kasance tare da Mawallafin Fran Pavley (D-Agoura Hills) da Kakakin Majalisar California Fabian Nunez (D-Los Angeles) kuma Gwamna Arnold Schwarzenegger ya sanya hannu a kan doka a ranar 27 ga Satumba, 2006.

A ranar 1 ga Yuni, 2005, Gwamna Schwarzenegger ya rattaba hannu kan wani umarni na zartarwa wanda aka fi sani da Executive Order S-3-05,  wanda ya kafa manufofin fitar da iskar gas ga jihar. Dokar zartarwa ta bukaci California ta rage fitar da iskar gas zuwa matakan 2000 zuwa 2010, zuwa matakan 1990 ta 2020, da 80% kasa da matakan 1990 ta 2050. Duk da haka, don aiwatar da wannan ma'auni, Hukumar Kula da Albarkatun Jiragen Sama ta California (CARB) tana buƙatar izini daga majalisa. Majalisar dokokin jihar California ta zartar da dokar magance dumamar yanayi don magance wannan batu kuma ta baiwa CARB ikon aiwatar da shirin.

AB 32 yana buƙatar Hukumar Kula da Albarkatun Jiragen Sama ta California (CARB ko ARB) don ƙirƙirar ƙa'idodi da hanyoyin kasuwa don rage hayakin iskar gas na jihar zuwa matakan 1990 nan da shekarar 2020, raguwar kashi 30% a duk faɗin jihar, [3] tare da iyakoki na wajibi wanda ya fara a cikin 2012 don mahimman abubuwan fitar da hayaki. Kudirin ya kuma baiwa Gwamnan damar dakatar da fitar da hayaki har na tsawon shekara guda idan aka samu matsala ta gaggawa ko kuma tabarbarewar tattalin arziki.

California ce ke jagorantar Amurka a matsayin ingantaccen makamashi da kariyar muhalli, amma kuma ita ce ta 12 mafi girma na iskar carbon a duniya An bayyana fitar da iskar gas na Greenhouse a cikin lissafin don haɗa duk abubuwan da ke biyowa: carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride, hydrofluorocarbons da perfluorocarbons. Waɗannan iskar gas iri ɗaya ne da aka jera a cikin Annex A na yarjejeniyar Kyoto.

## Abubuwan bukatu
AB 32 ya haɗa da takamaiman buƙatu da yawa na Hukumar Albarkatun Jirgin California:

Shirya da kuma amince da wani tsari mai ma'ana don cimma matsakaicin yuwuwar da kuma ragi mai inganci a cikin tushen iskar gas ko rugujewa nan da 2020. Tsarin da aka tsara, wanda Hukumar ARB ta amince da shi Disamba 12, 2008, yana ba da ƙayyadaddun ayyuka don rage iskar gas a California. Shirin da aka amince da shi ya nuna yadda za a samu wannan raguwar fitar da iskar gas daga mahimmin tushen iskar gas ta hanyar ka'idoji, hanyoyin kasuwa da sauran ayyuka.

Gano matakin gurɓataccen iskar gas a duk faɗin jihar a cikin 1990 don yin aiki a matsayin iyakacin fitar da hayaki da za a samu nan da shekarar 2020. A cikin Disamba 2007, Hukumar ta amince da 2020 ƙayyadaddun iskar gas na 2020 na metric tons miliyan 427 na carbon dioxide kwatankwacin iskar gas, duk da haka wannan iyaka daga baya an sake duba shi zuwa 431 miliyan hanyoyin da aka sabunta ta hanyar metricth zuwa 431 miliyan IPCC. Rahoton kimantawa.

Ƙarfafa ƙa'idar da ke buƙatar bayar da rahoto na wajibi game da hayaki mai gurbata yanayi. A cikin Disamba 2007, Hukumar ta amince da wani ƙa'ida da ke buƙatar manyan hanyoyin masana'antu don bayar da rahoto da kuma tabbatar da hayaƙi mai gurbata yanayi. Ka'idar bayar da rahoto tana aiki azaman ƙwaƙƙwaran ginshiƙi don tantance hayaƙin iskar gas da kuma bin diddigin canje-canjen matakan da ake fitarwa a gaba. A cikin 2011, Hukumar ta amince da ka'idojin tafiya da kasuwanci. Shirin yawo da kasuwanci ya kunshi manyan hanyoyin samar da hayaki na GHG a cikin Jiha kamar matatun mai, tashoshin wutar lantarki, wuraren masana'antu, da man sufuri. Shirin tafiya-da-ciniki ya haɗa da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan iskar hayaƙi wanda zai ragu cikin lokaci. Jiha za ta rarraba alawus-alawus, waɗanda ke da izinin ciniki, daidai da hayaƙin da aka bari a ƙarƙashin hular. Maɓuɓɓugan da ke ƙarƙashin hular za su buƙaci sallamar alawus-alawus da biya daidai da fitar da su a ƙarshen kowane lokacin yarda.

Gano da ɗaukar ka'idoji don ayyukan farko masu hankali waɗanda za a iya aiwatar da su a kan ko kafin Janairu 1, 2010. Hukumar ta gano matakan aiwatar da matakin farko guda tara da suka haɗa da ƙa'idodin da suka shafi wuraren ajiyar ƙasa, man ababen hawa, firiji a cikin motoci, matsin taya, ayyukan tashar jiragen ruwa da sauran hanyoyin a cikin 2007 waɗanda suka haɗa da wutar lantarki ta jirgin ruwa a tashoshin jiragen ruwa da rage yawan samfuran masu amfani da GWP.

Tabbatar cewa raguwa na son rai da wuri ya karɓi lada mai dacewa a cikin aiwatar da AB 32

Tara Kwamitin Ba da Shawarar Adalci na Muhalli (EJAC) don ba da shawara ga hukumar game da haɓaka Tsarin Tsara da duk wani abin da ya dace wajen aiwatar da AB 32. Hukumar ta EJAC ta gana sau 12 tun farkon 2007, tare da ba da tsokaci game da matakan da aka tsara na farko da kuma haɓaka tsarin aiwatarwa, tare da gabatar da sharhi da shawarwari game da shirin cikawa a cikin Oktoba 2008 tare da ABC208. ana aiwatar da shi.

## Manazarta