Bikin Kiɗa na Sanremo

**Bikin Kiɗa na Sanremo** (Italiyanci: Festival di Sanremo&#x5B;ˈfɛstival di sanˈrɛːmo, festiˈval -&#x5D;), a hukumance **Bikin Waƙoƙin Italiyanci** (Italiyancin: Festival della canzone Italian), shine shahararren gasar waƙoƙin gargajiya na Italiyanci da kuma bayar da kyaututtuka, wanda ake gudanarwa a kowace shekara a , Liguria, wanda  (RAI) ta shirya da watsawa Ita ce gasar kiɗa ta talabijin ta shekara-shekara mafi tsawo a duniya a matakin ƙasa (yana sa ta zama ɗaya daga cikin Shirye-shiryen talabijin mafi tsawo na duniya)  kuma ita ce tushen da wahayi ga Gasar Waƙoƙin Eurovision ta shekara- shekara-sheko   da kuma Viña del Mar International Song Festival.

Ba kamar sauran kyaututtuka a Italiya ba, bikin kiɗa na Sanremo gasa ce don sababbin waƙoƙi, ba kyauta ga nasarorin da suka gabata ba (kamar   don talabijin,   na wasan kwaikwayo na mataki, da Premio David di Donatello don fina-finai masu motsi).[it]

Zaben farko na Sanremo Music Festival, wanda aka gudanar tsakanin 29 da 31 Janairu 1951, gidan rediyo na RAI Rete Rossa ne ya watsa shi, kuma mahalarta uku kawai sune Nilla Pizzi, Achilles Togliani, da Duo Fasano .  Farawa daga 1955, duk fitowar bikin an watsa su kai tsaye ta gidan talabijin na Italiya Rai 1.

Daga 1951 zuwa 1976, an gudanar da bikin ne a Gidan caca na Sanremo, amma tun daga 1977, duk waɗannan fitowar an gudanar da su a Teatro Ariston,  sai dai a 1990, wanda aka gudanar a Nuovo Mercato dei Fiori. 

Waƙoƙin da aka zaɓa a cikin gasar suna cikin Italiyanci ko a cikin kowane Yaren yankin, kuma ana ba da waƙoƙin uku da aka fi zaɓa. Ana kuma ba da wasu kyaututtuka na musamman, gami da Kyautar Critics, wanda 'yan jarida suka kirkira a 1982 don ba da lada ga ingancin waƙar Mia Martini, kuma an sanya masa suna bayan mawaƙan a 1996, bayan mutuwarta.

Ana amfani da bikin kiɗa na Sanremo sau da yawa a matsayin hanyar zabar shigar Italiyanci don Gasar Eurovision Song . Koyaya, ba kamar sauran gasa a wasu wurare ba, kamar Melodifestivalen na Sweden, wannan manufa ce kawai ta biyu ta bikin, kuma ana ba masu cin nasara na Sanremo damar ƙin farko game da shiga Eurovision. Ya ƙaddamar da ayyukan wasu ayyukan kiɗa mafi nasara a Italiya, ciki har da Toto Cutugno,  Gigliola Cinquetti,  Laura Pausini,  Eros Ramazzotti,  Andrea Bocelli, [4] Giorgia, [4] Il Volo, [4] da Måneskin.

Tsakanin 1953 da 1971 (sai dai a 1956), a cikin 1990, da 1991,  kowane waƙa an raira shi sau biyu ta hanyar masu fasaha daban-daban, kowannensu yana amfani da tsarar mawaƙa, ba gasar mawaƙa ba. A wannan zamanin na bikin, al'ada ce cewa wani ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na ƙasar Italiya ne ya yi waƙar yayin da wani ɗan wasan baƙo na duniya ya yi wa ɗayan. Wannan ya zama hanya ga masu zane-zane da yawa na duniya don gabatar da waƙoƙinsu a kasuwar Italiya, ciki har da Louis Armstrong, Ray Charles, Stevie Wonder, Cher, Gloria Gaynor, Dionne Warwick, Jose Feliciano, Roberto Carlos, Paul Anka, Miriam Makeba, Bonnie Tyler, Shirley Bassey, Mungo Jerry, Kiss, Laura Branigan, Alla Pugacheva, da sauransu da yawa.

## Tarihi

Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, daya daga cikin shawarwari don sake farfado da tattalin arziki da sunan Sanremo shine ƙirƙirar bikin kiɗa na shekara-shekara da za a gudanar a cikin birni.

A cikin 1948 da 1949, an gudanar da bugu biyu na "" (Festival della chans italiana) a Viareggio, Tuscany, daga ra'ayin da Aldo Valleroni ya kirkira a 1947. An dakatar da gasar a shekarar 1950 saboda matsalolin kudi, amma ya zama tushen bikin kiɗa na Sanremo na gaba.

A lokacin rani na 1950, mai kula da gidan caca na Sanremo, Piero Bussetti, da kuma mai gudanar da ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta RAI, Giulio Razzi, sun sake tattauna ra'ayin, sun yanke shawarar ƙaddamar da gasa tsakanin waƙoƙin da ba a sake bugawa ba. A hukumance ana kiranta , an gudanar da fitowar farko ta wasan kwaikwayon a gidan caca na Sanremo a ranar 29, 30, da 31 ga Janairu 1951.  Rete Rossa, tashar rediyo ta biyu mafi muhimmanci ta RAI ce ta watsa zagaye na karshe na gasar. Waƙoƙi ashirin sun shiga gasar, waɗanda masu fasaha uku kawai suka yi - Nilla Pizzi, Duo Fasano, da Achilles Togliani . 

Farawa daga bugu na uku na bikin, wanda aka gudanar a 1953, kowane waƙa an yi ta da masu fasaha daban-daban guda biyu tare da ƙungiyoyi da shirye-shirye daban-daban. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, a cikin 1955, bikin ya fara fitowa a talabijin, tun lokacin da tashar RAI ta Programma Nazionale ta watsa wani ɓangare na dare na ƙarshe. An kuma watsa daren karshe na wasan kwaikwayon a Belgium, Faransa, Jamus, Netherlands, da Switzerland.

A shekara ta 1964, Gianni Ravera, wanda ya shirya bikin kiɗa na 14 na Sanremo, ya ɗan canza ka'idojin gasar, yana buƙatar kowane waƙa ya yi sau ɗaya ta ɗan wasan Italiya kuma sau ɗaya ta mawaƙin duniya,  wanda aka ba shi izinin yin waƙar a kowane yare.  An yi amfani da wannan doka a gasar ta shekara mai zuwa. Tsakanin 1967 da 1971, ba a tilasta wa masu zane-zane na kasashen waje fassara shigarwa ba, amma an ci gaba da wasan kwaikwayo sau biyu. Farawa daga 1972, kowane shigarwa ya raira waƙa da mai zane ɗaya kawai.

## Wadanda suka ci nasara

### Sashe na manyan masu zane-zane

#### Shekaru na 1950

## Manazarta