Salaria Kea

**Salaria Kea O'Reilly** (13 ga Yulin 1913 - 18 ga Mayu 1990) yar asalin Amurka ce kuma mai fafutukar kare wariyar launin fata wacce ta ba da gudummawa a Yaƙin basasar Spain da Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu .  A lokacin yakin basasar Spain ita ce kadai ma'aikaciyar jinya ta Afirka da ke aiki a cikin Abraham Lincoln Battalion.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Kea a ranar 13 ga Yuli, 1913 a Milledgeville, Georgia . Mahaifinta mai kula da lambu ne a Asibitin Jihar Ohio na Mahaukaci a Columbus inda wani majiyyaci ya daba masa wuka a lokacin da Salaria ke jariri. Bayan rasuwarsa, iyalan Kea sun ƙaura zuwa Akron.  Mahaifiyar Kea ta koma Georgia, ta bar Salaria a hannun manyan 'yan uwanta uku. Salaria tana son yin aikin jinya, amma manufar wariyar launin fata ta wannan lokacin ta hana wannan burin a Ohio. An tilasta mata ta ƙaura zuwa birnin New York a shekarar 1930, inda ta kammala karatun Makarantar Kula da Lafiya ta Asibitin Harlem a shekarar 1934.  A matsayinta na ɗaliba ta sami nasarar kawo ƙarshen wariyar a ɗakin cin abinci na ma'aikatan Asibitin Harlem kuma ta sami damar inganta yanayin aiki na ma'aikatan jinya 'yan Afirka-Amurka. Bayan kammala karatunta, Kea ta zauna a New York kuma ta zama babbar ma'aikaciyar jinya ta Asibitin Seaview .  A lokacin da take aiki a Seaview, ta fara alaƙa da 'yan hagu na Amurka. Wasu rahotanni sun nuna cewa daga ƙarshe ta shiga Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Amurka a shekarar 1935,  duk da haka Kea da kanta a shekarun baya ta musanta cewa ta taɓa zama memba ko ma ta san menene Kwaminis a wannan lokacin.  

## Yaƙin Basasa na Spain

A lokacin Yaƙin Italiya na Biyu da Habasha a shekarar 1935, Kea da sauran ma'aikatan jinya sun fara tara kuɗi don aika kayan agaji ga sojojin Habasha. Ta kuma yi sha'awar yin aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya a Habasha amma sarki Haile Selassie bai karɓi masu sa kai na ƙasashen waje ba. A shekarar 1936 ta nemi shiga ƙungiyar agaji ta Amurka (Amnesty Red Cross) don taimaka wa waɗanda ambaliyar ruwa ta shafa a tsakiyar Midwest, amma an ƙi ta saboda ƙabilarta.

Bayan barkewar Yaƙin Basasa na Spain a shekarar 1936, Kea ta yi lacca a faɗin Amurka don tara kuɗi don Jamhuriyar Spain ta Biyu . A wannan lokacin Kea ta sami ra'ayoyi masu ƙarfi na adawa da mulkin kama karya .  Da yake ambaton yaƙin da aka yi a Habasha a matsayin wani tasiri,  Kea ta yanke shawarar yin aikin sa kai a cikin Brigade na Ƙasa da Ƙasa a Yaƙin Basasa na Spain kuma ta shiga Ofishin Lafiya na Amurka tana aiki tare da Bataliyar Abraham Lincoln a watan Maris na 1937.  Babban abin da ya ƙarfafa wannan motsi shi ne addininta na Katolika . 

Bayan isowarta Spain, Kea ta taimaka wajen kafa asibitin filin wasa a Villa Paz kusa da babban birnin Spain Madrid .  An naɗa ta a matsayin babbar ma'aikaciyar jinya ta tiyata a wani sashe na Amurka, inda take kula da ma'aikatan jinya farar fata da kuma kula da marasa lafiya na dukkan ƙasashe, wanda da ba zai yiwu ba a Amurka. 

Sojojin Spain Nationalist sun kama Kea amma ta sami nasarar tserewa da taimakon sojojin International Brigade bayan an tsare ta na tsawon makonni shida. A Villa Paz, Kea ta haɗu da wani soja ɗan ƙasar Ireland da ya ji rauni, John O'Reilly, wanda daga baya ta auri. A farkon 1938, an mayar da Kea zuwa sassa daban-daban a Aragon, Lerida da Barcelona kuma ita kanta ta ji rauni a wani harin bam na Nationalist. Rauninta ya yi tsanani har aka mayar da ita Amurka a watan Mayu 1938. A wannan shekarar, Kea ta rubuta tarihin rayuwarta na Spain While Passing Through . An buga su a matsayin ƙasida mai suna Salaria Kea: Ma'aikaciyar Jinya 'Yar Asalin Negro a Spain ta Republican . [1] An yi wa Kea magani a matsayin shahararriya a cikin da'irar Baƙar fata da Kwaminisanci. Ta yi rangadin tare da Kwamitin Negro don Taimaka wa Spain tare da Thyra J. Edwards a watan Agusta 1938. [2]

## Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu da shekarun da suka biyo baya
A shekarar 1940, an ba John O'Reilly izinin yin ƙaura zuwa Amurka. Ba da daɗewa ba aka tura shi aikin soja a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. A farkon 1944, Kea ta fara aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya mai sa kai ga Rundunar Sojan Amurka a matsayin wani ɓangare na rukunin farko na ma'aikatan jinya 'yan Afirka ta Amurka, an ba wa Soja izinin ɗaukar ma'aikata. A Amurka, Kea da O'Reilly sun fuskanci wariyar launin fata mai tsanani. A Akron, sun fuskanci barazanar kai tsaye da lalata dukiya, kuma Kea sau da yawa tana kiran lokacinta a cikin Brigade na Ƙasa da Ƙasa a matsayin mafi kyawun kwanakin rayuwarta tun da ba su da wariya.  Bayan yaƙin, iyalan O'Reilly sun zauna a New York, inda Kea ta yi aiki a asibitoci da dama don daidaita rabuwar ma'aikata. A shekarar 1973, ma'auratan sun yi ritaya zuwa Akron inda Kea ya mutu a ranar 18 ga Mayu 1990.  An nuna Salaria a cikin shirin fim ɗin *The Good Fight: The Abraham Lincoln Brigade in the Spanish Civil War* (1984).

## Manazarta