Mairéad Farrell (mai fafutukar IRA)

**Mairéad Farrell** ( Irish    ko *Mairéad Ní Fhearail* ;  3 ga Agusta 1957 - 6 ga Maris 1988) memba ce a rundunar sojojin Republican ta Ireland (IRA). An harbe ta kuma kashe ta a hannun rundunar sojin sama ta musamman a Gibraltar a lokacin Operation Flavius . 

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Farrell a Belfast, Arewacin Ireland a ranar 3 ga Agusta, 1957 ga wata iyali mai matsakaicin matsayi ba tare da wata alaƙa da jamhuriyar Irish mai fafutuka ba sai kakan da aka tsare a lokacin Yaƙin 'Yancin Kan Ireland . [1] [2] Ta girma a Yammacin Belfast kuma ta yi karatu a Makarantar Rathmore Convent, Belfast. [3] Tana da shekaru 14 Bobby Storey ya ɗauke ta aiki a cikin Shirin Ba da Lamuni na IRA . [2] Bayan ta bar makaranta tana da shekaru 18, an ɗauke ta aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar koyarwa a ofishin dillalin inshora . [ ana buƙatar ambato ]

## Ayyukan IRA, 1975–1976
A ranar 1 ga Maris 1976, gwamnatin Burtaniya ta soke matsayin Nau'i na Musamman ga fursunonin da aka yanke wa hukunci tun daga wannan ranar a ƙarƙashin dokar yaƙi da ta'addanci. A martanin da ta mayar, ƙungiyar IRA ta haifar da hare-haren bama-bamai da harbe-harbe a faɗin Arewacin Ireland; an nemi matasa membobi kamar Farrell su shiga. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup> A ranar 5 ga Afrilu 1976, tare da Kieran Doherty da Sean McDermott, ta yi ƙoƙarin dasa bam a Otal ɗin Conway da ke Dunmurry wanda sojojin Birtaniya da ke aiki na wucin gadi a Arewacin Ireland ke amfani da shi sau da yawa. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D; Jami'an rundunar 'yan sanda ta Royal Ulster (RUC) sun kama ta cikin awa ɗaya da dasa bam ɗin. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup> Wani mai ajiyar kaya na RUC ya harbe saurayinta McDermott har lahira a wani gidan haya da ke kusa. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D; McDermott da wasu mambobi biyu na sashin ayyukan IRA sun shiga wani gida, ba tare da sun san cewa gidan wani ɗan sanda ne ba. Jami'in RUC ya harbe McDermott har lahira; Doherty da wani mutum sun tsere.  

A shari'ar da ta yi, Farrell ta ƙi amincewa da kotun domin ita ce cibiyar gwamnatin Birtaniya.  An yanke mata hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru goma sha huɗu a gidan yari saboda laifukan fashewa, laifukan mallakar bindiga da kuma kasancewa cikin wata ƙungiya ba bisa ƙa'ida ba. 

## Ɗaurin Kurkuku, 1976–1986
A gidan yarin Armagh, Farrell shine babban jami'in kula da fursunonin IRA mata. 

Lokacin da ta isa Armagh, Farrell ta fara zanga-zangar neman matsayin siyasa, tare da fursunoni maza a H-Blocks na HMP Maze . Ganin cewa fursunoni mata a arewacin Ireland sun riga sun sami 'yancin sanya tufafinsu, wannan bai ƙunshi zanga-zangar bargo ba, amma ya ƙunshi ƙin yin aiki ko haɗin gwiwa da hukumomin gidan yarin.  Sun fara zanga-zangar ƙazanta a watan Fabrairun 1980; wannan yana nufin cewa fursunonin sun ƙi fita waje kuma suna shafa najasa da kayan haila a bangon ɗakunan su maimakon haɗarin kai musu hari daga masu gadi yayin da suke fita .       Bayan watanni 13, Farrell, tare da Mary Doyle da Mairead Nugent, sun fara yajin cin abinci a gidan yarin Armagh wata guda bayan da mazan Long Kesh suka fara nasu; an sanar da niyyarsu ta shiga yajin cin abinci a ranar 22 ga Nuwamba, wanda zai fara a ranar 1 ga Disamba.   A ranar 18 ga Disamba, 'Armagh Three' ta ji, a wani gidan rediyo da aka yi fasakwauri, cewa azumin maza a Long Kesh ya ƙare; duk da farin cikin da suke yi, sun yanke shawarar ci gaba da yajin aikinsu har sai wata majiya ta jam'iyyar Republican ta tabbatar da labarin. A ranar 19 ga Disamba, matan da ke cikin mawuyacin hali sun sami tabbaci kuma sun kawo ƙarshen yajin aikin yunwa bayan kwana goma sha tara.  Mummunan zanga-zangar ta ƙare a watan Maris na 1981 yayin da kamfen ɗin kare haƙƙin fursunoni ya mayar da hankali kan yajin cin abinci da Bobby Sands, shugaban fursunonin IRA a H-Blocks, ya yi. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin fursunonin H-Block/Armagh da suka tsaya takara a Jamhuriyar Ireland a Babban Zaɓen 1981, ta tsaya a Cork North-Central kuma ta samu ƙuri'u 2,751 (6.05%). 

## Gibraltar da mutuwa
Bayan an sake ta daga kurkuku a watan Oktoban 1986,  Farrell ta yi rajista a Jami'ar Queen's Belfast don kwas a fannin Kimiyyar Siyasa da Tattalin Arziki; duk da haka, ta daina don sake shiga cikin ayyukan IRA. IRA ta aika ta tare da Sean Savage da Daniel McCann zuwa yankin Burtaniya na Gibraltar da ke wajen Burtaniya don su dasa bam a cikin mota a wani yanki mai cike da jama'a. Mawakan da masu gadi na Bataliya ta 1 ta Rundunar Sojojin Royal Anglian ne suka kai harin a lokacin da ake sauya masu gadi a gaban gidan Gwamnonin, a ranar 8 ga Maris 1988. A cewar membobin IRA da aka yi wa tambayoyi, an zabi Gibraltar a matsayin wurin da za a kai hari saboda mallakar Birtaniya ce da ake takaddama a kai, kuma matakan tsaro da ake amfani da su ba su da tsauri kamar waɗanda ake amfani da su a wuraren sojojin Birtaniya a wasu wurare a lokacin saboda yakin IRA. 

Hukumar leƙen asiri ta cikin gida ta gwamnatin Burtaniya MI5 ta fahimci shirinsu, kuma an tura wani rukuni na musamman daga rundunar sojin Birtaniya zuwa Gibraltar don katse ƙungiyar IRA da kuma hana harin.  Farrell, Savage da McCann sun fuskanci sojojin fararen kaya daga rundunar sojojin sama ta musamman yayin da suke gudanar da bincike a Gibraltar kafin a kawo musu bam ɗin. An harbi Farrell sau uku a baya kuma sau ɗaya a fuska; an kashe abokan aikinta biyu a wani aiki mai suna Operation Flavius da gwamnatin Burtaniya ta yi. Wasu shaidu game da harbin sun ce an harbi Farrell da McCann yayin da suke ƙoƙarin miƙa wuya, kuma suna kwance a ƙasa suna jin rauni.  Daga baya an gano membobin IRA uku ba tare da makamai ba. Makullan motar haya da aka samu a cikin jakar hannun Farrell ya jagoranci 'Yan sandan Spain, waɗanda suka yi aiki tare da jami'an tsaron Birtaniya a Operation Flavius, zuwa gano fakiti biyar a faɗin ƙasar Spain, jimilla 84&nbsp;kilogiram na fashewar Semtex a cikin wata mota da ƙungiyar IRA ta yi niyyar tukawa zuwa Gibraltar don kai harin. Waɗannan fakitin suna da na'urorin fashewa guda huɗu daban-daban a haɗe. A kusa da wannan akwai harsasai 200 a matsayin tarkacen fashewa . Akwai na'urorin ƙidayar lokaci guda biyu, waɗanda aka yiwa alama awanni 10 mintuna 45 da awanni 11 mintuna 15 bi da bi, amma ba a haɗa su da kayan aiki ko haɗinsu ba. 

## Manazarta