William McGavin

**William McGavin** ko **M'Gavin** (1773-1832) ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan ƙasar Scotland kuma mai jayayya da addini.

## Rayuwa
An haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1773 a Darnlaw, a cikin Ikklisiya na Auchinleck, Ayrshire, shi ne ɗan na uku na James M'Gavin, manomi, da Mary M'Millan, 'yar manomi ta Muir-Kirk, a cikin wannan yankin; gonar Darnlaw ta James Boswell ce. A shekara ta 1783 mahaifinsa ya koma Paisley. Kusan gaba ɗaya ya sami ilimi, McGavin a cikin 1785 ya zama ɗan koyo ga mai saƙa, amma a cikin 1790 ya shiga hidimar John Neilson, sannan mai buga littattafai da mai sayar da littattafai na Paisley. A cikin shekaru uku da ya kasance a can ya yi karatun harshen Ingilishi da abun da ke ciki.

A shekara ta 1793 McGavin ya tafi ya taimaka wa ɗan'uwansa a gudanar da makaranta, wanda ba da daɗewa ba aka ba shi alhakin kawai. Kimanin shekara ta 1796 ya kafa karamin kasuwanci a Paisley, amma bai yi nasara ba. A watan Janairun 1799 ya yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da littattafai ga David Lamb, wani dan kasuwa na auduga na Amurka a Glasgow; wanda ya yi aiki da 'ya'yansa maza biyu a matsayin mai koyarwa. A cikin 1803, a lokacin da Lamb ya dawo Amurka, gudanar da kasuwancin ya zo hannunsa, kuma a kan mutuwar Lamb ya shiga cikin 1813 cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da ɗansa.

McGavin ya kasance a cikin Ikilisiyar Antiburgher, kuma ya kasance memba na ikilisiyar James Ramsay, wanda ya shiga game da 1800, kuma daga baya ya taimaka wajen kafa coci mai zaman kansa, wani lokaci yana wa'azi a gare shi. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1804 an naɗa shi a matsayin co-fasto na Ramsay a kai a kai. Ya janye daga fasto a 1807.  Daga nan sai ya shiga ikilisiyar Greville Ewing .  Ya kuma zama mai wa'azi mai ba da izini da kuma darektan ƙungiyoyin addini a Glasgow.

Kasuwancinsa ya tabbatar da rashin riba, McGavin ya ɗauki a cikin 1822 hukumar Glasgow ta Bankin Linen na Burtaniya. Ya mutu a ranar 23 ga watan Agusta 1832. An gina abubuwan tunawa da shi a cikin Glasgow Necropolis, da kuma Auchinleck . 

## Ayyuka
McGavin daga 1818 zuwa 1822 ya ba da gudummawa ga Glasgow Chronicle jerin wasiku a kan manyan batutuwan jayayya tsakanin majami'u na Roman da Reformed a ƙarƙashin taken "The Protestant". William Eusebius Andrews ya amsa ta hanyar fara takarda ta mako-mako, The Catholic Vindicator, don amsawa ga "The Protestant", amma ya ba da shi bayan shekara guda. A cikin littafin The Protestant ya cika kundi huɗu, kuma ya wuce ta cikin bugu shida. Sanarwar da ke ciki dangane da gina ɗakin sujada na Roman Katolika a Glasgow ya haifar da wani mataki na tsegumi a madadin firist a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1821, kuma an ba da lalacewa a kan McGavin. Wani biyan kuɗi na jama'a don tada shi ya haifar da wadata.

McGavin ya kuma rubuta a cikin Glasgow Chronicle game da ka'idodin Robert Owen (1823), da kuma ra'ayoyin da William Cobbett ya gabatar a cikin **Tarihin Juyin Juya Halin* Furotesta* (1825); an buga jerin wasikun biyu daban. Ya shiga cikin gardamar Apocrypha ta 1825. A cikin 1826 ya buga wani bugu na Tarihin Juyin Juya Halin John Knox, kuma daga baya ya kare ra'ayoyin da aka bayyana a lokacin a cikin Christian Herald (1827-9), a ƙarƙashin taken Cibiyoyin Ikilisiya da aka yi la'akari, a cikin jerin Wasiku ga Alkawari (wanda aka sake bugawa a matsayin littafi). Ya jagoranci fitowar John Howie's Biographia Scoticana a cikin 1827 (sauran bugu, 1833-4, 1846, 1858), kuma ya rubuta rubutun gabatarwa ga John Brown na Whitburn's Memorials of the Nonconformist Ministers of the Seventeenth Century (1832), ban da warƙoƙi da littattafai ga matasa. Ayyukansa na bayan mutuwarsa, tare da tarihin, an bayar da su a cikin kundi biyu a cikin 1834.

## manazarta