Isie Smuts

Sybella "Isie" Margaretha Smuts (née Krige, wanda aka fi sani da Ouma Smuts; 22 ga Disamba 1870 - 25 ga Fabrairu 1954) ita ce Uwargidan Shugaban kasa ta biyu ta Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu, kuma malama ce, manomi, mai shirya sadaka da kuma mai rubutun littattafai. Ta girma a cikin mulkin mallaka na Cape na Burtaniya kuma ta cancanci zama malama a shekara ta 1891. Ta koyar da shekaru shida kafin ta auri Jan Smuts, wanda daga baya ya zama Firayim Minista na biyu na Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu . Ta kasance mai goyon bayan Afrikaner na kasa da nufin 'yanci daga mulkin Burtaniya. Smuts daga ƙarshe ta goyi bayan ƙoƙarin mijinta na kawo sulhu ga al'ummomin Dutch da Ingilishi da kuma kirkirar ƙungiyar masu cin gashin kansu. A lokacin Yaƙin Boer na Biyu (1899-1902) da Yaƙin Duniya na I ta ba da kayan kulawa ga fursunoni da sojoji. Lokacin da yaƙin ya ƙare, ta kasance mai aiki a cikin Suid-Afrikaanse Vrouefederasie (Ƙungiyar Mata ta Afirka ta Kudu), sabis na jin dadin jama'a ga gwauraye da marayu.

A cikin 1909, ma'auratan sun zauna a gonar Doornkloof (wanda aka sani a Turanci da The Big House) a Garin Irene a wajen Pretoria . Ta haifi 'ya'yansu shida da suka tsira a can kuma a lokacin da mijinta ya kasance mai tsawo a kan al'amuran jihar, ita ce babban mai kula da gonar. A daren da iyalin suka yi ritaya, ta yanke labarai daga kafofin watsa labarai da aka rubuta game da Jan kuma ta shirya su cikin litattafai. Smuts ta fi son kasancewa a waje da jama'a kuma ba ta shiga tare da mijinta a kowane matsayi na hukuma har sai wa'adinsa na biyu a matsayin Firayim Minista ya fara a 1939. Daga nan sai ta zama jagora a cikin Jam'iyyar Mata ta United, mai alaƙa da Jam'iyyar United Party of South Africa . A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, ta zama sananniya. Ta yi magana game da fascism kuma ta goyi bayan kirkirar Tarayyar Demokradiyyar Mata ta Duniya, kungiyar da ke da niyyar hana yaki da inganta haƙƙin mata. Ta shiga cikin watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo kuma ta rubuta labarai don neman goyon baya ga kokarin yaki, ta bi mijinta a kan yawon shakatawa na sojoji, ta kawo kayan kula da sojoji, kuma ta rubuta musu wasiƙu.

A shekara ta 1940, Smuts ya kafa kuma ya jagoranci Asusun Kyauta da Ta'aziyya, wanda ya tara kuɗi don samar da kayan wanka, kayan wasanni, da rediyo. A lokacin yakin, asusun ya tara sama da fam miliyan daya. Ayyukanta na yaki sun sanya ta zama gunkin kuma ta zama sananniya a matsayin mahaifiyar (ko Ouma, kakarta) ta Afirka ta Kudu. Ta sami digirin digirin digirgir na girmamawa daga Jami'ar Witwatersrand a 1943 kuma a 1952 Kungiyar Mata ta Jami'ar Afirka ta Kudu ta kirkiro tallafin bincike mai ɗauke da sunanta. Lokacin da Smuts ta mutu a shekara ta 1954, an ba da gudummawar takardunta da tarin littattafai ga Tarihin Jihar Afirka ta Kudu. Kwafin Microfilm na Smuts Archive, wanda ya haɗa da bayanan Jan, ana ajiye su a Jami'o'in Cambridge da Cape Town. Gwamnatin Afirka ta Kudu ta sanya gonar Doornkloof a matsayin abin tunawa na kasa a shekarar 1969. An sanya wa wata titi a Pretoria suna don girmama ta.

## Rayuwa ta farko, ilimi da iyali

Sybella Margaretha Krige, wanda aka fi sani da Isie, an haife ta ne a ranar 22 ga watan Disamba 1870 a Stellenbosch, a cikin mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya, ga Susanna Johanna (née Schabort) da Jacob Daniël "Japie" Krige .   Susanna, wanda aka fi sani da Sanie, ta fito ne daga Johann Christoffel Schabort, likita wanda ya bar aiki tare da Kamfanin Dutch East India don yin ƙaura zuwa Cape a cikin 1714.  Ya yi aikin likita har zuwa shekara ta 1745 kuma ya kafa gonakin ruwan inabi guda biyu kusa da Durbanville .   Japie manomi ne na ruwan inabi da madara kuma ɗan'uwan Willem Krige, wanda ɗansa Christman Joel Krige ya ci gaba da aiki a matsayin kakakin Majalisar Jama'a ta Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu. [Lura 1] Yawancin dangin Krige 'yan siyasa ne. Piet Retief, shugaba na Voortrekker da ke cikin Babban Trek, wanda mayaƙan Zulu suka kashe a lokacin tafiyarsa, shi ne babban kawun Japie. Iyalin sun kasance Afrikaners na asalin Dutch da Huguenot, kuma suna adawa da mulkin Burtaniya. Krige ita ce ta biyu cikin 'yan uwa goma sha ɗaya, kodayake tara ne kawai za su tsira. Iyalin sun zauna a cikin gidan salon Dutch a kan Kogin Eerste a ƙarshen Dorp Street. Iyayenta sun karfafa Krige ta yi karatu, kuma an san ta da bookworm. Tana da kyau a harsuna kuma tana jin daɗin karatun wallafe-wallafen Ingilishi, Faransanci da Jamusanci da shayari. Ta kuma buga piano kuma tana jin daɗin raira waƙa.

Krige ya halarci   a Stellenbosch .   Lokacin da take da shekaru goma sha biyar, Jan Smuts, ɗan manomi daga Riebeek West, kusa da Malmesbury, ya koma gidan W. Ackermann, maƙwabci kuma aboki na iyalin Krige. Jan ya kasance dalibi ne mai tsanani a Kwalejin Victoria,   kuma biyun sun hadu yayin da suke tafiya zuwa makaranta. Sun haɓaka al'adar cewa Jan zai bi Krige zuwa makaranta da safe kuma ya koma gida da rana. Su biyu suna da abubuwa da yawa iri ɗaya: dukansu suna jin kunya kuma suna ajiya, dukansu suna more tafiya da tattauna adabi da botany, kuma suna son raira waƙa tare. Jan har ma ya koya mata a Helenanci. Krige ya so ya zama likita amma yanayin kudi na iyali bai ba da damar yin karatu na dogon lokaci ba. Maimakon haka, bayan ta wuce jarrabawar shiga a 1887 don Kwalejin Victoria,  Krige ta kammala karatu a 1891 kuma ta fara koyarwa a makarantar karkara,   inda ta sami £ 5 a wata. Jan ta kammala karatu a fannin kimiyya da adabi a shekara ta 1891 kuma an ba ta kyautar Ebden Scholarship don karatun doka a Jami'ar Cambridge .  Yayinda yake kasashen waje, sun rubuta wa juna a kai a kai. Ya wuce jarrabawar lauya a Ingila a shekara ta 1894, kuma bayan ya ƙi tayin zama farfesa, ya koma Cape Colony.

Da yake ya kasa kafa aikin shari'a mai nasara a yankin Cape Colony, a cikin 1896 Jan ya koma yankin Transvaal. Ya yi tafiye-tafiye don ziyartar iyayensa da Krige, kuma a ranar 30 ga Afrilu 1897 a Stellenbosch, shi da Krige sun yi aure. Nan da nan suka tafi don komawa Johannesburg kuma suka kafa gidansu a kan titin Twist. A ranar 5 ga Maris 1898, Smuts ta haifi tagwayen da ba su da haihuwa, Koosie da Jossie, waɗanda suka rayu ƙasa da wata ɗaya. A cikin watanni uku, ma'auratan sun koma Pretoria, lokacin da Jan ya zama Lauyan Jihar Transvaal. Suna da wani ɗa, Jacobus Abraham (wanda aka sani da Koosie), a ranar 16 ga Afrilu 1899,   kuma kafin ƙarshen shekara, Smuts ta buga A Century of Wrong, fassarar Turanci na aikin mijinta *Een Eeuw van Onrecht*. [Lura 2] Littafin ya ba da labarin rashin adalci da Boers suka fuskanta a hannun Birtaniya. A cikin makonni, Yaƙin Boer na Biyu ya ɓarke kuma Jan na ɗaya daga cikin masu kare Pretoria lokacin da Burtaniya ta kama shi a watan Yunin 1900. Jan daga baya ya tafi gaba. A ranar 14 ga watan Agusta ɗansu ya mutu. Bayan mutuwar ɗanta, 'yan Burtaniya sun aika Smuts, ƙanwarta da aboki zuwa Pietermaritzburg, a cikin Colony na Natal . Duk da sha'awar da za a gudanar da ita tare da wasu mata a sansanin da ke kusa, Smuts da jam'iyyarta sun zauna a cikin gida. Sau da yawa suna ziyartar sansanin don ta'azantar da fursunoni da kawo musu abubuwan da suka yi. A cikin 1902, a ƙarshen yaƙin ma'auratan sun sake haɗuwa a Pretoria  kuma a shekara ta 1914 suna da 'ya'ya shida. 

## Matar ɗan siyasa

A ƙarshen yaƙin, Yarjejeniyar Vereeniging ta kafa mafi girman Burtaniya, ta kawo duk White South Africans a ƙarƙashin ikon Crown. Yarjejeniyar ta tabbatar da cewa Turanci zai zama harshen gudanarwa na hukuma kuma shine kawai harshen da ake amfani da shi a makarantu. Har ila yau, ya ba da cewa a nan gaba za a ba da izinin mulkin mallaka na Transvaal da Orange River su mallaki kansu, amma ba su da wani tanadi ga 'yan asalin ƙasar su jefa kuri'a har sai sun zama masu mulkin kansu. [Lura 3] Ko da yake Jan ya yi aiki don kawo karshen rikici da kawo sulhu ga mazauna Burtaniya da Afrikaner, Smuts ya kasance mai adawa da Birtaniya. Ta ji tsoron cewa za a bi da Dutch ba daidai ba a ƙarƙashin mulkin Burtaniya kuma a cewar marubucin Helen Bradford, Smuts ya fi son hallaka fiye da capitulation. Jan ya ki karɓar matsayi a Majalisar Dokoki ta Transvaal kuma tare da wasu sun ci gaba da matsawa don cikakken ikon cin gashin kansu. A shekara ta 1906, ya tafi Ingila don ƙoƙarin shawo kan 'yan majalisa na Burtaniya da su ba da ikon cin gashin kansu da sake duba hanyar ba da izinin mutane masu mallakar su jefa kuri'a. Ya yi nasara wajen jayayya da kambin dokokin jefa kuri'a, kuma a watan Disamba an ba da izinin zaɓe ga duk mutanen Turai masu shekaru ashirin da ɗaya. Ba a yarda da wadanda ba Turawa ba ko mata su jefa kuri'a ba. Zaben a shekara mai zuwa ya haifar da sabuwar gwamnati tare da Jan yana aiki a matsayin Sakataren mulkin mallaka. A shekara ta 1908, duk yankuna uku na Burtaniya - Cape, Orange River, da Transvaal - sun sami ikon cin gashin kansu, kuma a cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa an ci gaba da tattaunawa don kafa Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu. An kaddamar da Tarayyar a ranar 31 ga Mayu 1910,  kuma ya haɗa da yankuna uku da Natal Colony.   Tare da kirkirar Tarayyar, ƙiyayya ta Smuts ga Birtaniya ta ragu yayin da ta fahimci cewa yankuna biyu na Dutch na Orange Free State da Transvaal za su daidaita Tarayyar tare da yankuna biyu nke Burtaniya na Cape da Natal.

Bayan an kirkiro Tarayyar, wani lokaci na rikice-rikicen zamantakewa da tattalin arziki ya biyo baya. Smuts ta amince da manufofin mijinta a fili a kokarin rage ra'ayin cewa yana adawa da manufofin Afrikaner na kasa. Masanin tarihi Suryakanthie Chetty ya bayyana cewa an san Smuts da "" (Aunty Isie) kuma an fi ganinsa a matsayin mace mai magana da sauƙi, mai tawali'u, sabanin wani mazaunin gari mai ƙwarewa. Ta zama mai aiki a cikin aikin jin dadin   (Kungiyar Mata ta Afirka ta Kudu),  wata kungiya da Annie Botha da Georgiana Solomon suka kafa a 1904 don taimakawa matalauta da marayu na yaki.   A cikin 1909, ma'auratan sun koma gona a Garin Irene, a wajen Pretoria, wanda ya rufe kadada 4,000 (1,600 , inda Jan ya sake komawa tsohon zauren soja kuma ya gyara shi a cikin gidan da aka sani da Doornkloof (kuma a Turanci The Big House). An yi gidan ne da tin don hana tururuwa rushe shi, kuma ya kasance mai ladabi idan aka kwatanta da mazaunan sauran 'yan siyasa. Ya ƙunshi babban ɗakin karatu na kusan litattafai 6,000 a cikin "Afrikaans, Dutch, English, Faransanci, Jamusanci, Ibrananci, Latin, da Girkanci", a kan batutuwa iri-iri, gami da botany, ɗabi'a, juyin halitta, da falsafar. Lokacin da majalisar ta kasance a zaman, Jan ya zauna a Groote Schuur, kusa da Cape Town, amma Smuts ya kasance a Doornkloof, ya fi son kauce wa siyasa kuma ya kasance a bango. Tsawon rashin Jan yana nufin cewa ita ce mutum na farko da ke kula da ayyukan noma da kuma kula da ƙudan zuma. Doornkloof shine inda suka haifi 'ya'yansu, Susanna Johanner (14 Agusta 1903, wanda aka fi sani da Santa), Catharina Petronella (3 Disamba 1904, wanda ake kira Cato), Jacob Daniel (17 Yuli 1906 - 10 Oktoba 1948, wanda aka fi suna Japie), Sybella Margaretha (27 Yuli 1908, wanda ake kira Sylma), Jan Christian (15 Agusta 1912, wanda aka fi saninsa da Jannie), Louis Anne de la Rey (1 Nuwamba 1914,   'yar da ake kira Louis Botha da Koos de la Rey, da kuma 'yar karɓa Kathleen de Villiers. Baya ga gudanar da gidan, Smuts ta shirya tarin labaran da aka rubuta game da Jan. Ayyukanta na scrapbooking sau da yawa suna faruwa da dare bayan iyalin sun yi ritaya. Ta kuma magance wasikar ƙiyayya da ake karɓa a kai a kai a gona daga yawancin Afrikaners waɗanda suka ji cewa Jan ya ci amanar mutanensa ta hanyar sulhunta da Birtaniya.

## Halin mutum
An san Smuts da kasancewa mai tsada sosai, ba ta taɓa mallakar tufafi fiye da uku a kowane lokaci a duk rayuwarta ba. Ta fi son zama tsirara, kawai tana sanye da takalma lokacin da take halartar wata ƙungiya ko a Cape Town a wani aikin majalisa. An san ta da gaskiya da ban dariya,   wasikar ta ta nuna cewa tana da "mai rai, mai basira, da ɗan adam", a cewar Keith Hancock da Jean van der Poel, masana tarihi waɗanda suka tattara bayanan tarihin iyali.  Ita da Jan yawanci suna magana da Afrikaans ga juna, kuma wasiƙun da suka yi wa juna da yaransu a duk rayuwarsu an rubuta su da Afrikaans, sai dai a lokacin Boer War lokacin da suka rubuta a Turanci, watakila don kauce wa tantancewa. Jan yana da al'adar ƙirƙirar abota da kwarkwasa tare da wasu mata, kuma ya yarda cewa ya sami mata masu ban sha'awa fiye da maza. Masanin Rhodes kuma ɗan jarida Piet Beukes, wanda ya buga The Romantic Smuts: Women and Love in his Life (1992) ya kammala cewa matarsa koyaushe "abin da ya fi soyayya" kuma cewa an rubuta "wasikun soyayya" kawai ga matarsa. Jan ya musanta cewa duk wani daga cikin sauran dangantakarsa na jima'i ne. Smuts ba ta bayyana ra'ayinta game da abokantaka ba. Gabaɗaya, ta guji tallace-tallace,  tana jaddada cewa mijinta shine muhimmin mutum na tarihi. 

Smuts bai damu ba kuma ya fi son zama na al'ada yayin ba da karimci ga baƙi. Ba ta sha'awar manyan al'umma ko shahara ba, kuma kodayake ta yi wa manyan mutane da yawa nishaɗi, ta maraba da su da yardar rai ba tare da wata faɗakarwa ba. Misali, a tsakiyar shekara ta 1941 Yarima Frederika ta Girka ta nemi mafaka a Afirka ta Kudu bayan mamayar Nazi a Girka. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan isowarta, Smuts sun gayyace ta da mijinta Yarima Paul, iyyarsu zuwa abincin rana a Libertas, gidan Jan a Pretoria. Bayan 'yan makonni, Jan ya sanar da cewa jam'iyyar za ta isa wannan rana don shayi a Doornkloof. Smuts da 'ya'yanta mata sun yi ƙoƙari su daidaita gidan gona kuma sun ɓoye wasu daga cikin rikice-rikice a ƙarƙashin kayan ɗaki a cikin ƙaramin ɗakin zama. Baƙi sun isa kuma don saukar da kowa an motsa kayan ɗaki, suna fallasa sirrin su. Ba tare da rikici ba, Smuts ya sami damar gudanar da wata liyafar shayi mai nasara. Hakazalika a 1947 lokacin da George VI, Sarauniya Elizabeth, da 'ya'yansu mata Princess Elizabeth da Margaret suka zo daga Burtaniya zuwa Afirka ta Kudu, Smuts ta bayyana cewa ba ta da lafiya sosai don tafiya zuwa Cape Town. Amsar sarauniyar ita ce za su zo ziyara a Doornkloof.

## Ayyukan agaji na yaki (1914-1945)
Lokacin da Yaƙin Duniya na ya ɓarke a shekara ta 1914, Jan, wanda ke aiki a matsayin Ministan Tsaro, ya kira rundunonin masu sa kai da membobin Sojojin Tsaro na Tarayyar a cikin mako guda bayan sanarwar yaki ta Burtaniya. Kodayake akwai adawa da shiga Afirka ta Kudu a wani yakin Burtaniya, Louis Botha, Firayim Minista na farko na Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu da Jan sun shirya sojoji don saduwa da kiran Burtaniya don mamaye Jamus ta Kudu maso Yammacin Afirka. A shekara ta 1915, Jan ya tafi kuma ya shiga cikin yakin, sannan ya shafe shekaru biyu da rabi a Ingila, kuma yana tafiya zuwa Masar, Italiya, da Switzerland don tsara yakin ko bincika zaɓuɓɓukan zaman lafiya ga sashen yaƙi na Burtaniya. Smuts ya rubuta masa akai-akai don ya sanar da shi game da abubuwan da suka faru a Afirka ta Kudu. Ta kuma ziyarci sojoji da suka ji rauni a asibitoci da ke kusa da Pretoria, ta kawo musu kayan kulawa. Lokacin da yaƙin ya ƙare, Jan ya koma gida kuma a cikin 1919 ya zama Firayim Minista na biyu na Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu. Bayan ya rasa ofishin a 1924, ya zama Shugaban Jam'iyyar adawa,  ya yi aiki har zuwa 1933, lokacin da ya zama mataimakin Firayim Minista.  A shekara ta 1939, hadin gwiwar da ke son Afirka ta Kudu ta goyi bayan abokan hulɗa ta lashe zaben kuma an sake sanya shi a matsayin Firayim Minista. Jan ta zo ofis a matsayin jagora na United Party  kuma Smuts ta zama jagora na mataimakan mata, wanda aka sani da United Party . 

A lokacin da Jan ya fara wa'adinsa na biyu a matsayin Firayim Minista, mata a Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu sun sami damar jefa kuri'a. An mika kuri'ar ga mata a cikin 1930 a matsayin hanyar fadada masu jefa kuri'a na White, maimakon sakamakon tashin hankali don daidaiton jinsi. Smuts ya goyi bayan ba da izinin mata, idan ba ta tsoma baki da matsayinsu na uwaye waɗanda aikinsu yake a gida ba. Ta kasance mai ra'ayin mazan jiya kuma ta yi imanin cewa matsayi na launin fata da zamantakewa ya zama dole don kiyaye tsari. Goyon bayan manufofin wariyar launin fata, halinta ga 'yan Afirka ta Kudu ya kasance mai ban sha'awa kuma ta bi da ma'aikatanta kamar yara ne. Mijinta ya yi niyyar sanya Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu "mahaifiyar fararen wayewa a nahiyar".  Ra'ayoyin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya na Smuts sun kai ga shiga mata da baƙi lokacin da aka kira su don tallafawa yunkurin yaki a yakin duniya na biyu. Babu wani rukuni da aka ba da izinin yin aiki a matsayin mayakan, kuma duka kungiyoyin biyu sun iyakance ga matsayi na tallafi. Lokacin da yaƙin ya ɓarke, wani ɓangaren Fascist mai tsattsauran ra'ayi na al'ummar White Afrikaner ya sami masu goyon baya waɗanda suka ji tausayi ga akidar Jam'iyyar Nazi game da girman launin fata na mutanen Jamus. Lokacin da Ossewabrandwag, ƙungiyar 'yan kasa ta dama, ta soja, ta Afrikaner ta shiga cikin zanga-zangar da ayyukan sabuntawa, Smuts ya jaddada bukatar kasar ta haɗa kai a yaƙin da aka yi da fascism. A shekara ta 1945, ta aika da wasika ta goyon baya ga matan da suka kafa Tarayyar Demokradiyyar Mata ta Duniya, kungiyar adawa da fascist da niyyar hana yaki da inganta 'Yancin mata.

Smuts ya zama mutum ne a lokacin yakin. Ita da Jan an nuna su ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai a matsayin mahaifiyar kasar. A cikin watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo, ma'auratan sun ƙaddamar da 'asusun zinariya', aikin da ya karfafa bayar da kayan ado na zinariya don tallafawa kokarin yaki. A shekara ta 1940, ta kafa kuma ta jagoranci Asusun Kyauta da Ta'aziyya, wani shiri da aka yi aiki a matakin kasa don tara kudade don kokarin yaki. A shekara ta 1942, an tattara £ 158,000, kuma a ƙarshen yaƙin asusun ya tara sama da fam miliyan ɗaya. Asusun ya rarraba abubuwa kamar kayan wasanni da rediyo don ba ma'aikata ta'aziyya daga gida da wani abu da za su yi lokacin da ba sa fada. Smuts da kansa ya yi sutura da jaka, ya rubuta labarai ga The Women's Auxiliary, ya ba da jawabai, kuma ya tafi yawon shakatawa na sojoji tare da Jan. A daya daga cikin irin wannan tafiya a Misira a 1942, ta ziyarci sojoji a sansanonin su da asibiti kuma ta kula da isar da fakiti zuwa gare su. Ta shirya shayi kuma ta zuba shi ga ma'aikatan kanta. Ta kuma rubuta musu wasiƙu ga ƙaunatattun su. Ta yi kamfen don jin daɗin fursunonin yaƙi kuma ta shiga cikin ƙaddamar da Asusun Yakin Gwamna-Janar. A lokacin yakin, Smuts ya zama gunkin, musamman ga sojoji da ke yaƙi a ƙasashen waje, kuma an san shi da ƙauna kamar "ouma" (kakar). A shekara ta 1941, Jan ta sa wata mace mai zane-zane ta Afirka ta Kudu ta kirkiro wani bus na Smuts don tunawa da nasararta a matsayin mutum na jama'a. Yayinda suke a Misira, mai zane na Ingila Simon Elwes ya zana hotuna na ma'auratan. Jan ya ayyana hoton Elwes na matarsa a matsayin babban abu. A shekara ta 1943, Jami'ar Witwatersrand ta girmama aikinta na yaki, wanda ya ba ta digirin digirgir na girmamawa a falsafar. A shekara mai zuwa, don girmama ranar haihuwarta ta 74, manyan mutane daga Burtaniya, Afirka ta Kudu, da Amurka sun dauki bakuncin kamfen,  Ouma's Birthday Appeal, wanda ya haɗa da watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo daga fitattun mutane,  kuma ya tara kusan £ 200,000. A shekara ta 1946, marubucin Welsh Tom Macdonald, ya rubuta *Ouma Smuts: Uwargidan Shugaban Afirka ta Kudu*, bisa ga ganawa da Smuts da sauran takardu.

## Shekaru na baya, mutuwa da gado
Yaƙin ya haifar da canjin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki a Afirka ta Kudu yayin da masana'antu suka fadada don samar da lokacin yaƙi. An yi amfani da ma'aikatan baƙar fata da fari a cikin masana'antun, wanda ke nufin cewa manufofin rarrabewa na baya ba su da ƙarfi. A karo na farko, yawancin baƙi sun koma cikin birane, sun fi yawan mutanen birane. A shekara ta 1943, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Afirka ta gabatar da Jan tare da buƙatar cikakken haƙƙin ɗan ƙasa da ikon baƙi su shiga cikin shugabancin ƙasar. Bai amsa ba  kuma rashin amincewa da zanga-zangar daga Blacks ya ci gaba. Lokacin da yaƙin ya ƙare ya yarda cewa ci gaban tattalin arziki ya buƙaci ma'aikatan baƙar fata kuma ana buƙatar magance ƙaura zuwa biranen, kodayake bai yarda ya ba ba baƙar fata haƙƙin siyasa ba. Jam'iyyar Herenigde Nasionale ta dauki akasin haka, tana jayayya cewa ya kamata a mayar da baƙi zuwa ƙauyuka kuma a raba su cikin al'ummomin gargajiya. A cikin zaɓen 1948, an ci jam'iyyar United Party, Jan ya rasa ofishinsa kuma masu jefa kuri'a na Afirka ta Kudu sun kawo Jam'iyyar Herenigde Nasionale zuwa mulki. Nasararsu ta kawo tare da shi tsarin wariyar launin fata. Jan ya yi ritaya zuwa Doornkloof, inda ya mutu a 1950. Smuts ta sami girmamawa a 1952 daga Kungiyar Mata ta Jami'o'i ta Afirka ta Kudu, ta samar da tallafin bincike a cikin sunanta. Ta mutu a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu 1954 a Doornkloof kuma an ƙone ta. An yada tokarta a fadin gonakin su.

Bayan mutuwarta, daidai da sharuddan nufinta, an ba da takardun hukuma da na sirri, ban da wasiƙunta ga Jan wanda ta lalata, ga Tarihin Jiha a Pretoria. Wadannan kuma sun hada da wasu takardun Jan, amma ba takardun da ta lalata a matsayin matakan tsaro ba kafin kewayewar Burtaniya na Pretoria a cikin Yaƙin Boer. An ajiye takardun Jan na ɗan lokaci a ɗakin karatu na Jagger a Jami'ar Cape Town don a shirya tarin, a tsara shi, kuma a kara shi da gudummawar wasiku daga mutanen da ya rubuta musu, kamar yadda Jan bai yi kwafin wasikar da ya fito ba. An kafa Smuts Archive Trust don kula da tarin, haɗa su cikin ɗakunan ajiya guda ɗaya kuma su samar da adana su a cikin Tarihin Jiha. An shirya kwafin microfilm guda biyu na kayan kuma an ajiye su a Jami'o'in Cambridge da Cape Town. Wasikar Smuts tare da marubucin Afirka ta Kudu Olive Schreiner, wanda aka rubuta tsakanin 1899 da 1917, an haɗa shi a cikin aikin Olive Schreener Letters Online, wanda farfesa Liz Stanley na Jami'ar Edinburgh ya shirya. Wasiƙunsu galibi suna mai da hankali kan kokarin taimakon yaki bayan Yaƙin Boer, kodayake suna kuma bayyana dangantakarsu da bambance-bambance na siyasa.

Shekaru shida bayan mutuwar Smuts wani mai haɓakawa ya yi ƙoƙari ya sayi Doornkloof don juya shi cikin asibiti. Don hana asarar shafin tarihi, lauyan Pretoria Guy Brathwaite ya sayi gidan da 25 morgen na ƙasa (kimanin kadada 50 (20 ), daga Kitty, gwauruwar ɗan fari na Smuts Japie, don £ 7,000. Taron tsoffin ma'aikata a wani taro, Brathwaite ya ba da shawarar kafa Gidauniyar Janar Smuts War Veterans don adana dukiyar a matsayin abin tunawa. An mayar da gidan kuma an yi shirye-shirye don dasa bishiyoyi da shrubs na asali a kan dukiyar don ƙirƙirar wurin shakatawa na yanayi, adana samfurori na botanical a cikin lambunan daji da Smuts ya tsara. A shekara ta 1969, Gwamnatin Afirka ta Kudu ta ayyana dukiyar a matsayin Tarihin Kasa. Isie Smuts Street a Constantia Park, Pretoria, an sanya masa suna ne don girmama ta.

A cewar Chetty, binciken rayuwar Smuts ya ba da fahimtar canje-canjen da ke gudana a Afirka ta Kudu wanda ya haifar da yaƙe-yaƙe uku da suka faru a farkon rabin karni na ashirin. Rayuwarta tana wakiltar ra'ayi mai ra'ayin mazan jiya game da matsayin mata da uwaye, da kuma sadaukarwarsu ga al'ummar. Juyin halitta na Smuts daga mai goyon bayan kishin kasa na Afrikaner don tallafawa Birtaniya da kuma fahimtar wata al'umma da aka gina ta 'yan Holland da' yan Burtaniya White sun bambanta da babban ɓangaren Afrikaners waɗanda ba su iya karɓar sulhu da Birtaniya ba. Halin da take yi wa 'yan Afirka ta Kudu ya sabawa bukatun yawancin jama'a waɗanda suka fara neman amincewar siyasa. Yaƙin Duniya na biyu ya haifar da sauye-sauyen zamantakewa da tattalin arziki a Afirka ta Kudu wanda ya kawo bukatun Afrikaner da Black Afirka ta Kudu zuwa ga kai, wanda ya haifar da mulkin wariyar launin fata.

## Bayani
.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:27em}body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:22.5em}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=upper-alpha]{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=upper-roman]{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=lower-alpha]{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=lower-greek]{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=lower-roman]{list-style-type:lower-roman}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-upper-alpha .references{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-upper-roman .references{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-lower-alpha .references{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-lower-greek .references{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-lower-roman .references{list-style-type:lower-roman}

## Bayanan da aka ambata

### Bayani

### Bayanan littattafai