Abd al-Hamid Kishk

**Abdal-Hamid Kishk** (; March 10, 1933 – December 6, 1996) ya kasance mai wa'azi ne Masar, masanin addinin Musulunci, mai fafutuka, kuma marubuci. Ya kammala karatunsa ne a jami'ar Al-Azhar da ke birnin Alkahira, kuma ya yi fice wajen raha da wa'azi da litattafai na addini da kuma tsayuwar daka wajen yakar zalunci da zalunci a duniya..

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Abdal-Hamid Kishk a shekara ta 1933 a Shubra Khit, wani karamin ƙauye kusa da Alexandria, Misira . Mahaifinsa ya mutu kafin Abd al-Hamid ya kai shekarun fara zuwa makaranta. Ya shiga ɗaya daga cikin makarantun Azhar kuma yana da shekaru 8 ya haddace Alkur'ani. A wannan lokacin ne ya kamu da rashin lafiya wanda tayi sanadiyyan rasa ganin shi. Koyaya ma, maimakon ya samu rauni, asarar idanunsa ya ƙarfafa shi ya ƙara koyo kuma ya ci gaba. Ya kammala karatu a matsayin malami daga bangaren Usoul al Din a Azhar kuma an nada shi a matsayin Imam, yana ba da khutbas  a duk faɗin Masar.

A wuraren shekara ta 1964 ya ɗauki minbarin Masallaci 'Ain al-Hayat a Alkahira a matsayin dandalinsa. Mai gwamnatin Masar, an daure shi a shekarar ta 1965 na tsawon shekaru biyu da rabi. "Mafi girman shahararsa" an ce ya kasance "tsakanin 1967 da farkon shekarun 1980," lokacin da taron mutane 10,000 za su halarci wa'azinsa na Jumma'a a kai a kai a wani masallaci a gundumar Kobry Al Koba a Alkahira. Wani masanin Faransa ya lura cewa:A cikin shekaru na ƙarshe na shugabancin Sadat, ba zai yiwu a yi tafiya a kan titunan Alkahira ba tare da jin muryar [Kishk] ba. Shigar da taksi kuma direban yana sauraron daya daga cikin wa'azin Sheikh Kishk da aka rubuta. Suna sauraron Kishk a Alkahira, a Casablanca, da kuma a gundumar Marseilles ta Arewacin Afirka. Wata mujallar da Saudiyya ta tallafawa ta ba shi suna "Saudi star" saboda haka "Saudi" ne. Babu wanda ke ba da umarnin muryoyin muryarsa marasa misaltuwa, al'adun Musulmi na gaba ɗaya, iyawarsa mai ban mamaki don ingantawa, da kuma jin daɗinsa na sukar gwamnatocin rashin aminci, mulkin kama karya na soja, yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya tare da Isra'ila, ko haɗin gwiwar al-Azhar. Ya kasance sananne sosai har Ma'aikatar Waqf ta gina abubuwan haɗe-haɗe da yawa ga masallacin don karɓar taron jama'a na Jumma'a. A cikin ssjekara ta1981, duk da haka, har ma waɗannan ba su isa ba don kare kimanin mutane 10,000 da ke halarta a kai a kai.Masu sauraron Kishk sun yawaita a duk faɗin duniyar Larabawa tare da rarraba fiye da 2,000 na wa'azinsa a cikin cassettes na sauti.

An sake kama shi a shekara ta 1981 jim kadan kafin kisan Sadat, amma Shugaba Hosni Mubarak na Masar ya sake shi a 1982 a karkashin yanayin cewa ya kawo karshen aikinsa a matsayin mai fafutukar jama'a. An ci gaba da samun kaset dinsa a ko'ina bayan haka, amma Masallaci da ke Alkahira inda ya yi wa'azi ya zama cibiyar kiwon lafiya ta jama'a.

## Bangaskiya da ayyukan siyasa
A matsayinsa na mai wa'azi a Masallaci 'Ain al-Hayat ya yi Allah wadai da yanayin zamantakewa a Misira da kuma murkushewar Ƙungiyar Islama. Wannan bai hana shi samun hanyar ruhaniya ta rayuwa ba, wani abu da jawabinsa ke nunawa. Ya kasance mai adawa a ƙarƙashin mulkin Nasser, ya ki amincewa da hukuncin kisa na Sayyid Qutb ko tabbatar da jituwa tsakanin Islama da zamantakewa. Kafofin yada labarai na hukuma sun kaurace masa a karkashin mulkin Anwar Sadat (1970-1981), amma an rarraba kaset na wa'azinsa a ko'ina cikin Masar da duniyar Larabawa. Kishk yana da ra'ayoyin siyasa da ke adawa da tsarin mulki na zamani, kuma ya jaddada ibada ta sirri da ta sirri a cikin jawabinsa.

### Dokar Aure
Kishk ya kai farmaki ga masu zaman kansu na Masar don "kawar da" "dokar mutum" (*al-ahwal al-shakhsiyya*). Wannan yana nufin wucewar doka (44/1979) game da dangantakar aure wanda ke buƙatar maza su sanar da matansu idan sun auri wata mace. "A karkashin sabuwar doka, idan matar farko ta ki amincewa, nan da nan za ta iya samun saki kuma za ta adana haƙƙin zama a gidan mijinta har sai 'ya'yansu sun kai shekarun balaga. Ofishin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Jama'a da kwamishinan Al-Azhar ne suka tsara wannan dokar, kuma ta tayar da fushin" na Kishk da sauran sheikhs, waɗanda suka riƙe cewa "yaƙi da shari'a".

### Jihad mafi girma
A cewar Kishk, mafi girman jihadi gwagwarmaya ce mai ci gaba da nufin ƙasƙantar da yanayin mutum da kuma daidaita kansa ga ka'idodin Allah. Tushen ci gaban ɗabi'a ne na mutum, samar da gwagwarmayar ibada da taimakon jama'a, inganta adalci da wadata a cikin al'umma, yayin da yake yaki da jahilci, rashin adalci da zalunci. A sakamakon wannan babbar jihadi, in ji Kishk, Islama "ta warkar da waɗancan al'ummomin da ke bin jagoranta kuma an gina su a kan lamirin da aka farka da kuma zukatan da aka haskaka da hasken imani".

### Luwadi
Kishk ya ce akwai hukunci ga Ayyukan luwadi da aka tsara a cikin Alkur'ani, game da hadith da ya ambaci shi kamar yadda ba a tabbatar da shi ba. Bai amince da irin waɗannan ayyukan ba.

### Naguib Mahfouz
Kishk ya rubuta "Matsayinmu ga Yara na Alley", yana kai farmaki ga littafin mai rikitarwa na marubucin Masar Naguib Mahfouz don "rashin amincewa da imani mai tsarki na Musulmi" da kuma "sanya allahntaka guda ɗaya da kwaminisanci da jari-hujja na kimiyya".Mahfouz ya lashe kyautar Nobel ta 1988 don wallafe-wallafen,  (Larabci daya tilo da aka ba da wannan kyautar)  amma yawancin masu wa'azi (kamar Omar Abdul-Rahman) sun farfado da shi,  don ɗayan "mafi kyawun ayyukansa", (*Yaran Gebelawi*).">[12]

## Littattafai
A waje da shahararsa saboda kwarewarsa na magana shi ne kuma marubucin kusan littattafai 30 a al'adun Islama.

## Manazarta