Kabari na Armeniya a Julfa

Kabarin Armeniya a Azerbaijan_(city)" id="mwIw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Julfa, Azerbaijan (city)">Julfa (Armenian)  wani kabari ne kusa da garin Julfa (wanda aka sani da Jugha a Armenian), a cikin yankin Nakhchivan na Azerbaijan wanda da farko ya ƙunshi kusan wuraren tunawa 10,000.  Dutsen kabarin ya kunshi dubban *Khaskars -*- dutsen giciye na musamman wanda ke da alaƙa da fasahar Kirista ta Armeniya ta zamani. Kabarin har yanzu yana tsaye a ƙarshen shekarun 1990, lokacin da gwamnatin Azerbaijan ta fara kamfen na tsarin don lalata abubuwan tunawa.

Kungiyoyin Armeniya da na kasa da kasa sun gabatar da roko da yawa, suna Allah wadai da gwamnatin Azerbaijan kuma suna kira da ta daina irin wannan aikin. A shekara ta 2006, Azerbaijan ta hana 'yan majalisar dokokin Turai yin bincike kan ikirarin, ta tuhume su da "tsayayya da rikici" ga batun kuma ta bayyana cewa za ta yarda da wakilai ne kawai idan ta ziyarci Yankin da Armeniya ta mamaye. A cikin bazara na shekara ta 2006, wani ɗan jarida daga Cibiyar War and Peace Reporting wanda ya ziyarci yankin ya ba da rahoton cewa babu alamun da ke bayyane na makabartar. A cikin wannan shekarar, hotunan da aka dauka daga Iran sun nuna cewa an juya wurin makabartar zuwa filin harbi na soja. Halakar makabartar ta bayyana ta hanyar kafofin Armeniya, da wasu kafofin da ba na Armeniya ba, a matsayin aikin Kisan kare dangi na al'adu.

Bayan nazarin da kwatanta hotunan tauraron dan adam na Julfa da aka dauka a 2003 da 2009, a watan Disamba na 2010 Ƙungiyar Amurka don Ci gaban Kimiyya ta zo ga ƙarshe cewa an rushe makabartar kuma an daidaita ta.

## Tarihi
Nakhchivan wani yanki ne wanda ke cikin Azerbaijan . Yankin Armenia ya raba shi daga sauran Azerbaijan. Yankin kuma yana da iyaka da Turkiyya da Iran. Da yake kusa da Kogin Aras, a lardin tarihi na Syunik a tsakiyar Filin Armenia, Jugha a hankali ya girma daga ƙauye zuwa birni a ƙarshen zamanin da. A cikin karni na goma sha shida, yana alfahari da yawan Armeniyawa 20,000-40,000 waɗanda suka fi shagala da kasuwanci da sana'a. Tsohon khachkars da aka samu a makabartar a Jugha, wanda ke yammacin birnin, wanda aka tsara daga ƙarni na tara zuwa na goma amma ginin su, da kuma na wasu alamun kabarin da aka yi wa ado, ya ci gaba har zuwa 1605, shekarar da Shah Abbas I na Safavid Farisa ya kafa manufofin ƙonewar ƙasa kuma ya ba da umarnin a lalata garin kuma a cire duk mazaunanta.

Baya ga dubban khachkars, Armeniyawa sun kuma gina kaburbura da yawa a cikin nau'ikan raguna, waɗanda aka yi musu ado da kayan Kirista da zane-zane. A cewar matafiyin Faransa Alexandre de Rhodes, makabarta har yanzu tana da 10,000 da aka kiyaye sosai lokacin da ya ziyarci Jugha a shekara ta 1648.  Koyaya, an lalata khachkars da yawa daga wannan lokacin zuwa gaba har zuwa inda aka ƙidaya 5,000 kawai tsaye a cikin 1903-1904.

Mai zane-zane da matafiyi na Scotland Robert Ker Porter ya bayyana makabartar a cikin littafinsa na 1821 kamar haka: 

## Halakawa

### Tarihi

Armenia ta fara gabatar da tuhuma a kan gwamnatin Azerbaijan don lalata khachkars a cikin 1998 a garin Julfa. Shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, Armenia ta goyi bayan Armeniyawa na Karabakh don yin gwagwarmaya don samun 'yancin kansu a yankin Nagorno-Karabakh a Azerbaijan, a yakin Nagorno-Carabakh na farko . Yaƙin ya ƙare a 1994 lokacin da aka sanya hannu kan tsagaita wuta tsakanin Armenia da Azerbaijan. Armeniyawa na Nagorno-Karabakh sun kafa Jamhuriyar Nagorno-Carabakh, wata ƙasa mai zaman kanta da ba a san ta ba a duniya amma a zahiri. Tun bayan karshen yakin, ƙiyayya da Armeniyawa a Azerbaijan ta karu. Sarah Pickman, a rubuce a cikin *Archaeology*, ta lura cewa asarar Nagorno-Karabakh ga Armeniyawa "ya taka rawar gani a wannan yunkurin kawar da kasancewar Armeniya ta tarihi a Nakhchivan".

A shekara ta 1998, Azerbaijan ta yi watsi da ikirarin Armenia cewa ana lalata khachkars. Arpiar Petrosyan, memba na kungiyar Armenian Architecture a Iran, da farko ya matsa da'awar bayan ya shaida kuma ya yi fim din bulldozers da ke lalata abubuwan tunawa.

Hasan Zeynalov, wakilin dindindin na Jamhuriyar Nakhchivan mai cin gashin kanta (NAR) a Baku, ya bayyana cewa zargin Armeniya "wani karya ne na Armeniyawa". Gwamnatin Azerbaijan ba ta amsa kai tsaye ga zarge-zargen ba amma ta bayyana cewa "rashin hankali ba a cikin ruhun Azerbaijan ba".  ikirarin Armenia ya haifar da bincike na duniya wanda, a cewar Ministan Al'adu na Armenia Gagik Gyurdjian, ya taimaka wajen dakatar da lalacewar na ɗan lokaci. 

Masana binciken kayan tarihi da masana kan khachkars a Nakhchivan sun bayyana cewa lokacin da suka fara ziyartar yankin a 1987, kafin rushewar Tarayyar Soviet, abubuwan tunawa sun tsaya ba tare da lalacewa ba kuma yankin da kansa yana da kusan "27,000 monasteries, majami'u, khachkares, kaburbura" da sauran kayan tarihi na al'adu.[1] A shekara ta 1998, an rage adadin khachkars zuwa 2,700.[2] Tsohon makabartar Julfa sananne ne ga kwararru cewa sun sami kusan 10,000 daga cikin wadannan dutsen khachkar da aka sassaƙa, har zuwa 2,000 daga cikinsu har yanzu suna da kyau bayan barkewar lalata a baya a wannan shafin a shekara ta 2002.[3]￼

### Sabunta da'awar a cikin 2003

A shekara ta 2003, Armeniyawa sun sabunta zanga-zangarsu, suna mai da'awar cewa Azerbaijan ta sake fara lalata abubuwan tunawa. A ranar 4 ga watan Disamba, 2002, masana tarihi da masu binciken tarihi na Armenia sun hadu kuma sun shigar da korafi kuma sun yi kira ga kungiyoyin kasa da kasa da su binciki ikirarin su. Bayanan shaidu na rushewar da ke gudana sun bayyana aikin da aka tsara. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2005, Bishop na Armenia na Tabriz, Nshan Topouzian, da sauran Armeniyawa na Iran sun rubuta ƙarin shaidar bidiyo a fadin kogin Araks, wanda ya nuna iyakar tsakanin Nakhchivan da Iran, yana mai cewa ya nuna cewa sojojin Azerbaijan sun gama lalata sauran khachkars ta hanyar amfani da sledgehammers da gatari.

## Amsa ta kasa da kasa
Gwamnatin Azerbaijan ta fuskanci zargi tun lokacin da aka fara bayyana zarge-zargen. Lokacin da aka fara gabatar da ikirarin a shekarar 1998, Hukumar Ilimi, Kimiyya da Al'adu ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNESCO) ta ba da umarnin cewa a dakatar da lalata abubuwan tunawa a Julfa. Har ila yau, korafe-korafen sun gabatar da irin wannan roko don kawo karshen aikin da Majalisar Duniya kan Tarihi da Sites (ICOMOS) ta yi.

### Azerbaijan
A mayar da martani ga zargin da Armenia da kungiyoyin kasa da kasa suka gabatar, Azerbaijan ta tabbatar da cewa Armeniyawa ba su taɓa kasancewa a cikin waɗannan yankuna ba. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2005, Zeynalov ya bayyana a wata hira da BBC cewa Armeniyawa "ba su taɓa zama a Nakhichivan ba, wanda ya kasance ƙasar Azerbaijan tun daga zamanin da ba a iya tunawa da shi ba, kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa babu makabarta da abubuwan tunawa na Armeniya kuma ba su taɓa kasancewa ba. "  Azerbaijan a maimakon haka ya yi jayayya cewa abubuwan tunawa ba na Armeniya ba ne amma na asalin Caucasian Albanian.

Game da lalacewar, a cewar Jakadan Azerbaijan a Amurka, Hafiz Pashayev, bidiyon da hotunan da aka gabatar ba su nuna ainihin mutanen ba ko nuna abin da suke lalatawa. Maimakon haka, jakadan ya tabbatar da cewa bangaren Armeniya ya fara kamfen ɗin farfaganda a kan Azerbaijan don jawo hankali daga zargin lalacewar abubuwan tunawa na Azerbaijan a Armenia. Shugaba na Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev ya kuma musanta zargin, yana kiransu "ƙaryaci da tayar da hankali".

Daga ra'ayi na tauraron dan adam na Google Earth game da shafin, ana iya ganin kalmar Azeri "Hər 2013 to to to to" a rubuce a kan tudun inda makabarta ta kasance. Wadannan kalmomi kusan ana fassara su cikin Turanci a matsayin "Duk abin da ke cikin gida".

### Tarayyar Turai
A shekara ta 2006, 'yan majalisa na Turai sun nuna rashin amincewa da gwamnatin Azerbaijan lokacin da aka hana su bincika makabartar. Hannes Swoboda, wani dan majalisa na Austrian daga jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party kuma memba na kwamitin da aka hana shi shiga yankin, ya yi sharhi cewa "Idan ba su bari mu tafi ba, muna da wata alama ce cewa wani abu mara kyau ya faru. Idan wani abu ya ɓoye muna so mu tambayi dalilin da ya sa. "  Dokta Charles Tannock, memba mai ra'ayin mazan jiya na Majalisar Tarayyar Turai don Babban London, da sauransu sun sake maimaita waɗannan ra'ayoyin kuma sun kwatanta lalacewar da Afghanistan" id="mw-g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Bamyan, Afghanistan">Bamyan" id="mw-A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Buddhas of Bamyan">Siffofin Buddha da Taliban suka lalata a Bamyan, Afghanistan a 2001 . Ya ambaci a cikin jawabin wani masanin gine-ginen Burtaniya, Steven Sim, gwani na yankin, wanda ya tabbatar da cewa bidiyon da aka harbe daga iyakar Iran gaskiya ne.

Azerbaijan ta hana Majalisar Tarayyar Turai saboda ta ce za ta karɓi wakilai ne kawai idan ta ziyarci yankin da Armeniya ke sarrafawa. "Muna tunanin cewa idan aka dauki cikakken tsari ga matsalolin da aka tayar, "in ji mai magana da yawun ma'aikatar harkokin waje ta Azerbaijan Tahir Tagizade, "zai yiwu a yi nazarin abubuwan tunawa na Kirista a yankin Azerbaijan, gami da Jamhuriyar Nakhchivan mai cin gashin kanta. "

### Majalisar Turai
Dukansu Azerbaijan da Armenia mambobi ne na Majalisar Turai. Bayan da aka jinkirta ziyarar da yawa, masu binciken Majalisar Dokokin Majalisar Turai sun shirya sabon yunkuri don 29 ga Agusta - 6 ga Satumba, 2007, karkashin jagorancin ɗan siyasan Labour na Burtaniya Edward O'Hara. Kazalika da Nakhchivan, tawagar ta shirya ziyartar Baku, Yerevan, Tbilisi, da Nagorno Karabakh. Masu binciken sun shirya ziyartar Nagorno-Karabakh ta hanyar Armenia, kuma sun shirya sufuri don sauƙaƙe wannan. Koyaya, a ranar 28 ga watan Agusta, shugaban tawagar Azerbaijan zuwa PACE ya fitar da bukatar cewa masu binciken dole ne su shiga Nagorno Karabakh ta hanyar Azerbaijan. A ranar 29 ga watan Agusta, Sakatare Janar na PACE Mateo Sorinas ya ba da sanarwar cewa dole ne a soke ziyarar, saboda wahalar samun damar Nagorno-Karabagh ta amfani da hanyar da Azerbaijan ke buƙata. Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje a Armenia ta fitar da wata sanarwa da ke cewa Azerbaijan ta dakatar da ziyarar "saboda kawai niyyar su rufe rushewar abubuwan tunawa na Armenia a Nakhijevan".

### Iran
Gwamnatin Iran ta nuna damuwa game da lalacewar abubuwan tunawa kuma ta gabatar da zanga-zanga a kan gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Nakhchivan mai cin gashin kanta (NAR).

## Dubi kuma

* Al'adun Armeniya a Azerbaijan
* Armeniyawa na Julfa
* Buddha na Bamiyan
* Lamarin Razgrad
* Jerin al'adun da aka lalata
* Mausoleum na Sidi Mahmoud Ben Amar

## Manazarta