Rigakafi Yara

**Rigakafi Allurar** ɗaya ne daga cikin mafi sauƙi kuma mafi inganci hanyoyin don kiyaye ɗanka lafiya da aminci daga wasu cututtuka masu yaɗuwa da kuma cututtuka masu haɗari. Daga lokacin da aka haifi yaron, za su fara yin allurar rigakafi kuma za su ci gaba da samun rigakafi na yau da kullum a duk lokacin ƙuruciyarsu da kuma shekarun matasa. Tabbas, tsarin rigakafin yaranku ya dogara ne akan shekarun su, kuma za mu ci gaba da kawo yaranku don duba lafiyar yara, inda za mu tabbatar da cewa sun ci gaba da kiyayewa kan allurar da suke bukata.
## Cutukan da Akeyiwa Rigakafi
* **Hepatitis B**
Hepatitis B nau'in kwayar cuta ce da ke haifar da matsalolin hanta na yau da kullun kuma yana da yuwuwar haifar da lamuran lafiya na dogon lokaci. Jaririn ku zai sami kashi na farko (cikin uku) na allurar Hep B kafin su bar asibiti bayan haihuwa. Za su sami kashi na biyu a kusa da watanni 1-2 da kashi na uku kuma na ƙarshe a watanni 4.
* **Zawo, Tetanus, da Tari**
Wannan wata alurar rigakafi ce da duk yara ke buƙatar samun kuma kamar maganin Hep B, ana ba da maganin DTaP a cikin allurai uku: a wata 2, watanni 4, da watanni 6. Yara za su buƙaci samun ƙarin allura biyu tsakanin watanni 15-18 da kuma a cikin watanni 4-6 don kiyaye rigakafi. Matasan kuma zasu samu alluara Tdap guda ɗaya tsakanin masu shekaru 11-12.
* **Cutar shan inna (Polio)**
Ana ba da maganin rigakafin cutar shan inna a cikin allurai huɗu daban-daban. Yaronku zai sami kashi na farko a cikin watanni 2, sannan kuma za su sami wani maganin a wata 4, tsakanin watanni 6-18 da sake tsakanin shekaru 4-6.
* **Pneumococcal**
Duk yara 'yan ƙasa da shekara 2 yakamata su sami maganin pneumococcal. Akwai nau'ikan rigakafin pneumococcal iri biyu: PPSV23 da PCV13. Tambayi likitan yara waɗanne alluran rigakafi ya kamata yaranku ya samu, musamman idan suna da wasu matsalolin kiwon lafiya da suka rigaya.
* **Rotavirus**
Akwai nau'ikan rigakafin rotavirus iri biyu waɗanda zasu iya kare jarirai daga wannan cuta mai haɗari. Ana ba da allurar rigakafi guda ɗaya (RV5) a cikin allurai uku: watanni 2, watanni 4, da watanni 6, yayin da sauran rigakafin (RV1) ana ba da su a cikin allurai biyu: 2 da watanni 4. Wannan ba daidaitaccen maganin allura ba ne; Ana iya yiwa yara allurar ta hanyar sanya digo a bakinsu.
* **Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)**
Wannan cuta tana da ikon yin kisa don haka yana da mahimmanci ga yara su sami rigakafin Hib. Ana buƙatar yin alluran da yawa a watanni 2, watanni 4, watanni 6, da kuma tsakanin watanni 12-15 da haihuwa don yi wa yaron cikakken rigakafin.
* **Chickenpox**
Yana da kyakkyawan ra'ayi ga duk yara 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 13 don samun maganin kurajen chickenpox (varicella). Wannan wani maganin rigakafi ne na kashi biyu, tare da allurar farko da aka yi tsakanin watanni 12-15 da kuma kashi na biyu da aka yi tsakanin shekaru 4-6. 
* **Cutar kyanda, Mumps, da Rubella (MMR)**
Wannan maganin yana buƙatar allurai daban-daban guda biyu, waɗanda ake fara gudanarwa tsakanin watanni 12-15 da kuma tsakanin 4-6 shekaru. Kuna iya zaɓar samun maganin rigakafi na biyu kafin shekaru 4-6. Muddin an karɓi kashi na biyu aƙalla kwanaki 28 kafin kashi na farko, wannan yana da kyau.
* **Hepatitis A**
Wani ciwon hanta na yau da kullun, maganin Hepatitis A yakamata a ba duk yara tsakanin watanni 12-23. Idan yaronka bai yi maganin alurar riga kafi ba, dole ne a yi masa allurar kafin ya kai shekaru 18, saboda wannan ita ce hanya mafi kyau don kare yaron daga kamuwa da wannan cutar.
* **Mura (Flu)**
Ya kamata yara masu shekaru 7 zuwa sama su yi magana da likitocin yaran mu na Chicago game da samun allurar mura ta shekara, wanda zai iya kare su da na kusa da su daga kamuwa da cutar mura.

## Manazarta