open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Jam'iyyar Kasa ta Queensland

Jam'iyyar **National Party of Australia - Queensland** ( **NPA-Q** ), wadda aka fi sani da **Queensland Nationals**, **National Party of Queensland** ko kuma kawai **<nowiki/>'yan ƙasa**, ita ce reshen Queensland na National Party of Australia (NPA) har zuwa 2008. Kafin 1974, an san shi da **National Party** . An dai rushe jam'iyyar ne a shekara ta 2008, lokacin da ta hade da reshen Queensland na jam'iyyar Liberal Party ta Ostiraliya don kafa jam'iyyar Liberal National Party of Queensland (LNP).

## Tarihi
An kafa ta a cikin 1915 ta Ƙungiyar Manoman Queensland (QFU) kuma tana aiki a matsayin reshen jihar na Jam'iyyar National Party of Australia, da farko ta nemi wakiltar bukatun manoma amma bayan lokaci ya zama jam'iyyar siyasa mai ra'ayin mazan jiya a jihar, wanda ya haifar da muhawara mai yawa game da dangantaka da sauran jam'iyyun masu ra'ayin mazan jiya da jerin haɗe-haɗe da ba da daɗewa ba.

Daga 1924 zuwa gaba, ita ce babban abokin tarayya a cikin haɗin gwiwar dama ta tsakiya tare da Jam'iyyar Liberal Party da magabata, a cikin koma baya ga al'amuran al'ada a matakin tarayya da sauran Australia. Ƙungiya mai sassaucin ra'ayi ta ƙasa-ƙasa ta sami mulki a shekara ta 1957 kuma ta yi mulki har zuwa lokacin da masu sassaucin ra'ayi suka balle a 1983; ‘Yan Kasa sun ci gaba da gudanar da mulkin kansu har zuwa lokacin da aka sha kaye a shekarar 1989.

## Manazarta
Jam'iyyar Kasar (Kudancin Australia)

**Jam'iyyar Ƙasa** ƙungiya ce ta siyasa a Kudancin Ostiraliya a farkon ƙarni na 20. An kafa ta ne daga kungiyar manoma da mazauna a watan Satumba 1917 don wakiltar muradun kungiyar a majalisa.  Jam'iyyar ta amince da 'yan takara bakwai a zaben 1918, inda aka zaba biyu. A shekarun farko, ana bayyana wakilansu a matsayin wakilan kungiyar manoma da mazauna ko kuma reshen majalisar wakilai na kungiyar manoma da mazauna, amma a wasu majiyoyin ana kiransu jam’iyyar kasar, jam’iyyar kasa mai zaman kanta ko kuma membobi masu zaman kansu. An karɓi sunan Jam'iyyar Ƙasa a hukumance bayan zaɓen 1921 .  Ƙasa ta ƙarshe ta haɗu da Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Liberal don ƙirƙirar Liberal and Country League (LCL) a cikin 1932. A matsayin wani ɓangare na yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwa, shugaban jam'iyyar ƙasar Archie Cameron ya ba da kujerar tarayya na Barker, kuma a ƙarshe ya zama shugaban tarayya na jam'iyyar a 1939. Duk da winding-up na Country Party a matakin jiha, da tarayya Country Party kasance aiki a cikin South Australia jam'iyyar har zuwa 19 jam'iyyar ta Kudu Australia.

Jam'iyyar Ƙasa mai zaman kanta, yanzu Nationals South Australia, an tayar da ita a cikin 1962.

## Manazarta
Jam'iyyar Tasmanian National Party

**Tasmanian Nationals**, bisa hukuma rajista a matsayin **The National Party of Australia – Tasmania**, su ne gida affiliate na National Party of Ostiraliya a jihar Tasmania Ostiraliya .

Jam'iyyar tana da tarihi a Tasmania tun daga 1922, kuma a baya ta yi amfani da sunayen **Jam'iyyar Kasa**, **Jam'iyyar Tsakiya**, da **Jam'iyyar Kasa ta Kasa** . Ta samu karancin nasarar zabe kuma ta narke ko kuma ta bace a lokuta da dama, wani lokacin ma shekaru da dama.  An sake kafa jam'iyyar a cikin 2018 na ɗan lokaci, bayan Sanata mai zaman kansa Steve Martin ya zama ɗan majalisa na farko a jam'iyyar a majalisar tarayya tun 1920s. An sake yi wa jam’iyyar rajista tare da Hukumar Zaɓe ta Tasmania a cikin Janairu 2025. 

## Tarihi

### Samuwar da shekarun farko
Babu wata kungiyar Jam'iyyar Kasa ta Jiha da ta wanzu a Tasmania kafin 1922, kodayake a zaben tarayya na 1919 tsohon dan majalisar Norman Cameron ya nemi sake samun Sashen Wilmot a matsayin dan takarar Kasa.  A cikin 1920, membobin Majalisar Wakilan Australiya da aka zaɓa daga wasu jam'iyyun ƙasar sun taru don kafa Jam'iyyar Ƙasa, tare da MP Tasmanian William McWilliams mai dadewa, mamba mai zaman kansa na Division of Franklin, yana taimakawa wajen kafa jam'iyyar kuma ya zama shugabanta na farko. Llewellyn Atkinson, mamba na Wilmot ya shiga jam'iyyar. An maye gurbin McWilliams a matsayin shugaba a 1921 kuma ya sha kaye a zaben 1922, amma Jam'iyyar Ƙasa ta sami Darwin tare da Joshua Whitsitt . 

## Manazarta
Kungiyar Manoma ta Victoria

**Ƙungiyar Manoman Victoria** (VFU) ƙungiya ce ta manoma da masu samarwa na farko da aka kafa a 1914 a cikin jihar Victoria ta Ostiraliya. Ko da yake da farko an kafa shi a matsayin "cikakkiyar wanda ba ta siyasa ba",  VFU ta zama jam'iyyar siyasa a cikin 1916, kuma ta gabatar da 'yan takara don zaben jihar 1917 da kuma zabukan da suka biyo baya. A cikin shekarun baya ta yi amfani da sunayen **Jam'iyyar Ƙasa ta Victoria**, sannan **United Country Party** kuma yanzu ita ce Jam'iyyar National Ostiraliya - Victoria . A zaben 1917, saboda goyon bayan VFU ya tattara ne a cikin kujerun karkara, ya lashe kujeru hudu daga cikin kujeru 11 na Majalisar Dokokin Victorian da ta fafata, inda ya samu kusan kashi 6% na kuri'un da aka kada a fadin jihar. A shekarar 1918 kuma ta samu nasarar zama ta farko a majalisar tarayya, bayan da aka gabatar da zaben fidda gwani. A zaben jihar na 1920 kuri'ar VFU ta karu zuwa kashi 8% sannan adadin kujeru zuwa 13, wanda hakan ya baiwa VFU ma'aunin karfin iko a majalisar dokokin jihar.

VFU ta kasance farkon Jam'iyyar Ƙasa a Victoria, wadda ta haɗu da wasu jam'iyyun jihohi don zama Jam'iyyar Ƙasa ta Tarayya, daga baya Jam'iyyar National Ostiraliya .

## Shawara da samuwar

An ba da shawarar kafa Ƙungiyar a cikin taron manoma da yawa a Otal ɗin Thorburn a Woodend a ranar 18 Afrilu 1914.  taron sun yi ittifaki a kan wasu kudurori dangane da kafa kungiyar: 

## Manazarta
Jam'iyyar Kasa ta Yammacin Australia

**Jam'iyyar National Western Australia**, wacce aka fi sani da **National Party of Australia (WA) Inc**, kuma wacce aka yiwa lakabi da **Nationals WA**, jam'iyyar siyasa ce a Yammacin Ostiraliya .  Yana da alaƙa da National Party of Ostiraliya, amma yana kula da tsari daban-daban da ainihi. Tsakanin shekarar 2021 zuwa 2025, 'yan kasar su ne manyan jam'iyyar adawa da jam'iyyar WA Liberal Party a majalisar dokokin jihar .

An kafa shi a cikin 1913 a matsayin **Jam'iyyar Ƙasa ta Yammacin Ostiraliya** don wakiltar muradun manoma da makiyaya, ita ce jam'iyyar agrarian ta farko a Ostiraliya don yin takara tare da lashe kujeru a zaben jihar 1914 . Tun daga wannan lokacin, ta ci gaba da rike kujeru a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar da Majalisar Dokoki, musamman a yankin Wheatbelt na jihar, kuma tsawon shekaru, ta kuma rike kujerun tarayya.

## Manazarta
Ƙungiyar hadin gwiwa ta Commonwealth

**Ƙungiyar Haɗin kai ta Commonwealth** ( **CCF** ; French  , **FCC** ) jam'iyyar gurguzu ce ta mulkin demokraɗiyya ta tarayya  kuma jam'iyyar siyasa ta zamantakewar demokraɗiyya  a Kanada. An kafa CCF a cikin 1932 a Calgary, Alberta, ta hanyar yawan gurguzu, agrarian, haɗin gwiwar, da ƙungiyoyin ma'aikata,  da League for Social Reconstruction . A cikin 1944, CCF ta kafa ɗaya daga cikin gwamnatocin zamantakewa-demokraɗiyya na farko a Arewacin Amirka lokacin da aka zaɓe ta don kafa gwamnatin lardi a Saskatchewan . 

A shekarar 1961, jam'iyyar New Democratic Party (NDP) ta maye gurbin CCF.

## Tarihi
Jam'iyyar ta ci zabe mai mahimmanci a York ta Kudu a ranar 8 ga Fabrairun 1942, kuma a cikin wannan tsari ya hana jagoran Conservative, tsohon Firayim Minista Arthur Meighen, shiga House of Commons.

* Jerin labarai game da membobin CCF/NDP
* Jerin labarai game da membobin British Columbia CCF/NDP
* Jerin labarai game da membobin Alberta CCF/NDP
* Jerin labarai game da membobin Saskatchewan CCF/NDP
* Jerin labarai game da membobin Manitoba CCF/NDP
* Jerin labarai game da membobin CCF/NDP na Ontario
* Jerin labarai game da membobin Newfoundland da Labrador CCF/NDP
* Jerin labarai game da membobin Nova Scotia CCF/NDP
* Jerin labarai game da membobin Yukon NDP
* Jam'iyyar Labour (Kanada)
* Sabuwar Jam'iyyar Democrat
* United Farmers
* Canadian Labor Congress
* *Alkama Takarda*

## Manazarta

### Littafi Mai Tsarki
Ƙungiyar hadin gwiwa ta Commonwealth (Manitoba)

**Ƙungiyar haɗin gwiwar Commonwealth (Manitoba)** (CCF), wanda aka sani da sunan **Manitoba CCF**, reshe ne na lardi na jam'iyyar Kanada ta ƙasa da suna iri ɗaya. Jam'iyyar CCF ta kasa ita ce babbar jam'iyyar dimokuradiyya a Kanada daga shekarun 1930 zuwa farkon shekarun 1960, lokacin da ta hade da kungiyar kwadago ta zama sabuwar Jam'iyyar Democrat . Manitoba CCF, wanda aka kirkira a 1932, ya taka rawa iri ɗaya a matakin lardi.

## Tarihi

### Asalin da kalubalen farko

Tun da farko karamar kungiya ce, kuma mambobin jam'iyyar Labour mai zaman kanta ta sami goyon baya,  wacce ta wanzu a lardin tun 1920.  An kawo ILP da CCF cikin kawance a cikin 1933, duk da rashin jin dadi daga wasu a cikin tsohuwar jam'iyyar.  ita ce babbar jam'iyyar dimokuradiyya ta zamantakewa a Manitoba kafin kafuwar CCF. Yana da ingantaccen tushe na tallafi a Winnipeg, amma ba shi da wata ƙungiya a cikin karkara. An kafa CCF ne domin kawo kungiyoyin kwadago da noma cikin sansanin siyasa guda. Wasu 'yan kungiyar ta ILP suna ganin hakan yana lalata mutuncin jam'iyyarsu. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Manazarta
Dangantakar Brazil da Trinidad da Tobago

Dangantakar Brazil-Trinidad da Tobago dangantaka ce tsakanin Brazil da Trinidad da Tobago. Trinidad da Tobago suna da ofishin jakadanci a Brasília  kuma Brazil tana da ofishin Jakadanci a Port of Spain . 

## Tarihi
A cikin 1942, an kirkiro Mataimakin Ofishin Jakadancin a matsayin mataki na farko zuwa ga dangantakar Brazil da Trinidad. A shekara ta 1965, an kirkiro Ofishin Jakadancin Brazil a Port of Spain, inda aka kafa dangantakar hukuma tsakanin kasashen guda biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Patrick Manning ya ziyarci Brasilia don sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyoyi 4 ciki har da fahimtar makamashi. A shekara ta 2009, Shugaba Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva da Ministan Harkokin Waje Celso Amorim sun ziyarci Trinidad da Tobago don taron koli na Amurka. Shuwagabannin zartarwa na Trinidad da Brazil sun ci gaba da ziyartar kasashen juna a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata suna inganta kyakkyawar dangantaka.

## Kasuwanci
A cikin 2017, Trinidad da Tobago sun shigo da kayayyaki na dala miliyan 205 .  A cikin shekara ta 2012, cinikayya ta kasance a dala biliyan 1, babban fitarwa tsakanin kasashe biyu shine kayayyakin man fetur da mai. T&T ta aika da masu fasaha zuwa Brazil don horar da samar da abinci.

## Wasanni
'Yan wasan kwallon kafa na Brazil da yawa sun buga wa kungiyoyin Trinidad kamar William Oliveira da Gefferson da Silva Goulart.

## Dubi kuma
* Dangantakar kasashen waje ta Brazil
* Dangantakar kasashen waje ta Trinidad da Tobago
* Dora Vasconcellos
* Surujrattan Rambachan

## Bayani da manazarta
Jerin ayyukan diflomasiyya a Saint Vincent da Grenadines

A halin yanzu, Saint Vincent da babban birnin Grenadines na Kingstown suna da ofisoshin jakadanci 5 / manyan kwamitoci. Sauran ƙasashe da yawa suna da wakilan girmamawa don samar da ayyukan gaggawa ga 'yan ƙasa.

## Ofisoshin Jakadancin / Babban Kwamitin
**Kingstown**

## Ofisoshin jakadancin da ba na zama ba / manyan kwamitocin
* Dangantakar kasashen waje ta Saint Vincent da Grenadines
* Jerin ayyukan diflomasiyya na Saint Vincent da Grenadines

## Manazarta
Jarlath Udoudo Umoh

Database Ciniki bayi na Trans-Atlantic**Jarlath Udoudo Umoh** farfesa ne a fannin kiwon dabbobi a Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello . Shi ɗan'uwa Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Najeriya ne, wanda aka zaba a cikin Kwalejin Kwalejin a Babban Taron shekara-shekara da aka gudanar a watan Janairun 2015.  Ya kasance na 11 (Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello daga Mayu 2009 zuwa Disamba 2009. Masanin kimiyya ne wanda ta hanyar bincikensa kan yaduwar kwayar cutar rabies a cikin kyallen takarda, ya haɓaka amfani da biopsy na fata don ganewar cutar rabies in vitro a cikin 1983.

## Iyali da rayuwar farko
Umoh ya fito ne daga yankin Ikot Ekpene na jihar Akwa Ibom . Ya auri Farfesa (Mrs.) Veronica Umoh kuma an albarkaci auren tare da yara 5.

## Ilimi
Umoh ya sami takardar shaidar makarantar Afirka ta Yamma (Division I, 1964) daga makarantar sakandare ta St. Columbanus, Ikwen, Ikot Ekpene . Ya sami takardar shaidar makarantar sakandare ta Cambridge a 1966 daga Kwalejin St. Patrick, Calabar . Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello ta ba da lambar yabo ta Umoh Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) a shekara ta 1974. Ya sami Jagoran Kimiyya a Lafiya ta Jama'a (MSPH,1977) da Dokta na Falsafa (Ph.D. 1980) daga Jami'ar Missouri, Columbia Missouri, Amurka.

## Manazarta
Abderrachid Tabbi

**Abderrachid Tabbi** (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Disamba 1960) ya kasance Ministan Shari'a da Mai Tsaro na Kasar Aljeriya daga 7 ga watan Yulin shekarar 2021 zuwa 18 ga watan Nuwamba 2024.  

## Ilimi
Tabbi ya samu Diploma a shekarar (1983) daga École nationale d'administration . 

## Ayyuka
Tabbi ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ma'aikata a Ma'aikatar Tsohon Sojoji Mai suna (Moudjahidines) da kuma Ma'aikatu. Bugu da ƙari, ya kasance mai gabatar da kara a kotun El Harrach kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Sakatare a Kotun Shari'a ta Bouira .  A cikin shekarar 2019, an nada Tabbi a matsayin shugaban farko na Kotun Koli.  

Tun daga 8 ga Satumba 2021, Tabbi ya kasance Ministan Shari'a da Mai Tsaro na hatimi. 

## Manazarta
Belkacem Zeghmati

**Belkacem Zeghmati** (an haife shi a ranar 2 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1957) ya kasance ɗan siyasan Kasar Aljeriya ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Shari'a da Mai Tsaro na hatimi daga shekarar 2019 zuwa 2021.

## Manazarta
Mohamed Adami

**Mohamed Adami** ya kasance Ministan shari'a ne na Kasar Aljeriya a cikin gwamnatin Mokdad Sifi ta shekarar 1995.

## Manazarta
Joshua Gee

**Joshua Gee** (1667-1730) dan kasuwan Biritaniya ne, dan talla ne kuma marubuci a fannin tattalin arziki wanda ya fi mai da hankali kan kasuwanci.

Gee sananne ne da littafinsa mai suna The Trade and Navigation of Great Britain consider'd wanda aka fara bugawa a London, 1729, kuma yana da bugu 20 a duk duniya.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Joshua Gee a shekara ta 1667 mai yiwuwa a Landan. Mahaifinsa, John Gee (1635–1704) na Moyvoughley, ɗan Quaker ne daga Yorkshire.[1] Babu wani bayani dangane da iliminsa. 

## Dan kasuwa
A Landan, yana dan shekara 27, Gee ya zama kwararren Kamfanin Kayayyakin Kaya ta hanyar siya (ba tare da yin aikin koyo ba) kuma dan ƴanci a London. A shekara ta 1700 ya riga ya yi ciniki tare da yankunan Amurka.

A cikin 1715, Gee da Augustine Washington sun kafa Kamfanin Principio. Ƙungiya ta ƙwararrun masanan ƙarfe na Biritaniya, 'yan kasuwa, da ƴan jari hujja ne suka goyi bayansa. Principio ya samar da bakin karfe na alade da bakin ƙarfe a cikin lardin Maryland da lardin Virginia don siyarwa a Ingila.[3] A shekara ta 1723 Gee da abokan aikinsa sun mallaki ko sarrafa fiye da eka 12,000 na fili a Arewacin Amurka mai dauke da ma'adinan ƙarfe.

A cikin 1708, Gee da wasu mutane takwas sun ba William Penn jinginar gida a gidansa na Colony of Pennsylvania don samun kuɗi don biyan bashi. Bugu da kari, ya kasance mai ba da shawara akai-akai ga hukumar ciniki da shuka.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
A cikin 1697, Gee ya auri Sarah Hart (1673/4–1704), 'yar tela a taron Peel Quaker.[1] Suna da 'ya'ya biyar, William (b. da d. 1696), Joshua (1697-1777), Yahaya (1699-1719?), Maryamu (1701-1702), da Sarah (1703-1740).[1].

A cikin 1706, shekaru biyu bayan Saratu ta mutu, Gee ya auri Anna Osgood (d. 1730), gwauruwar Salem Osgood kuma surukar John Osgood, ɗan kasuwan siliki da lilin Quaker. Anna tana da 'ya'ya mata biyu daga aurenta na baya, Rebecca (1695-1783) da Anne (b. 1699). Sun kara da ‘ya’ya hudu; Sama’ila (1707–1746), Elizabeth (b. 1708), Osgood (b. 1710), da Maryamu (b. 1713).[1].

Gee ya mutu a cikin 1730 a wurin wanka a Hampstead, Ingila
Ahmed El-Zend

**Ahmed El-Zend** (Arabic: أحمد الزند) ya kasance me shari'a ne a ministirin Shari'a na Kasar masar an NADA Shi a matsayin Ministan Shari'an Kasar Masar a Rana 20 GA watan Maris, shekarar 2015.

An haifi El-Zend CJ a Tanta a shekarar 1946 kuma ya zama mai gabatar Da yawa bayan kammala karatunsa ya sami digiri a fannin shari'ar Islama  daga Jami'ar Al-Azhar, Faculty of Sharia and Law a shekarar 1970. An zabi girmamawarsa da ya zama shugaban Kungiyar Alƙalai ta kasar Masar a shekarar 2009 kuma ya rike wannan mukamin har sai da ya zama Ministan Shari'a na Masar.

## Bayanan da aka ambata


## Inda Aka Samu Bayyanan da Aka ambata

**Ahmed El-Zend** (Arabic: أحمد الزند) ya kasance me shari'a ne a ministirin Shari'a na Kasar masar an NADA Shi a matsayin Ministan Shari'an Kasar Masar a Rana 20 GA watan Maris,na shekarar 2015.

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Joseph Utsev

**Joseph Utsev** ɗan siyasan Kasar  Najeriya ne wanda ya fito ne daga Karamar Hukumar Buruku ta Jihar Benue dake Najeriya . Wanda a yanzu shi ne Ministan albarkatun ruwa da kuma tsabtace Najeriya.

## Rayuwarsa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Utsev a ranar 2 ga watan Disambar shekarar 1980 a Jihar Benue, Najeriya . Ya kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Aikin Gona ta Tarayya, dake Makurdi inda ya sami digiri na farko a fannin Injiniyanci, ya  kammala karatu tare da girmamawa na biyu wato  "Upper Division" a shekarar 2004.  Ya kuma sami digiri na biyu ,da kuma digiri na uku wato PhD a fannin albarkatun ruwa da injiniyan muhalli daga Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka a cikin shekarun 2007 zuwa  2011.

## Rayuwarsa na aiki
Shugaba Bola Tinubu ne ya nada Utsev a matsayin ministan albarkatun ruwa da tsabta, a jamhuriyar Tarayyar Najeriya. Joseph Utsev yakasance malami ne kuma farfesa.

A cikin shekarar 2017, ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin kwamishinan Ma'aikatar Ruwa da kulla da  Muhalli na Jihar Benue . 

A cikin shekarar 2024, Ƙungiyar Kare Ruwa ta Afirka wato  (AWCP) ta amince da Utsev saboda jagorancinsa wajen sarrafa albarkatun ruwa, tabbatar da rarraba daidaito, da inganta ayyukan masu ɗorewa.

## Manazarta
Adel Younis

**Adel Younis** (ya mutu a ranar 25 ga watan Afrilu 1976) ya kasance lauyan Kasar  Masar. Ya jagoranci kotun a Alexandria  kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin babban alƙali na Kotun Cessation a Alkahira.  Daga nan aka nada shi a matsayin shugaban Kotun Koli ta Daukaka kara a Alkahira. A shekarar 1969,kuma Shugaba Gamal Abdel Nasser ya cire Younis daga ofishin tare da wasu alƙalai 200 saboda zargin da suke yi wa gwamnatin.

An nada Younis a matsayin Ministan shari'a a ranar 16 ga watan Afrilu, 1975 zuwa majalisar ministocin da Firayim Minista Mamdouh Salem ke jagoranta.  Younis ya mutu a ranar 25 ga watan Afrilu 1976 yayin da yake aiki a Wanan mukamin. Ahmed Talat ne ya gaje shi a matsayin ministan shari'a a ranar 2 ga watan Mayu.

## Manazarta
Pakhshan Azizi

**Pakhshan Azizi (Persian: پخشان عزیزی; Kurdish Sorani: په‌خشان عه‌زیزی; an haife ta 7 ga Agusta 1984 a Mahabad, Iran) [1] yar yakin da kare haƙƙin ɗan adam Kurdawa-Iran ne a halin yanzu an san ta a matsayin fursunonin siyasa a Iran. A watan Yulin 2024, an yanke mata hukuncin kisa bisa zargin "taurin kai da makami ga jihar". An kuma daure ta na shekaru hudu a gidan yari saboda zargin alaka da kungiyar Kurdistan Free Life Party (PJAK). Wakilan ta na shari'a sun musanta wadannan zarge-zarge**

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Pakhshan Azizi a ranar 7 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1984, a cikin dangin Kurdawa da ke zaune a Mahabad, Iran .  Ta halarci kuma ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Allameh Tabataba'i da ke Tehran tare da digiri a aikin zamantakewa. A ranar 16 ga Nuwamba 2009, yayin da yake halartar jami'a, Azizi ya yi zanga-zanga tare da sauran ɗaliban Kurdawa game da hukuncin kisa na siyasa a Kurdistan. An kama ta kuma tsare ta saboda shiga cikin zanga-zangar. Bayan an sake shi a kan beli a ranar 19 ga Maris 2010 bayan watanni hudu na tsare, Azizi ya koma Yankin Kurdistan na Iraki. A cikin 2015, Azizi ta fara aiki a arewa maso gabashin Siriya a matsayin ma'aikaciyar zamantakewa, tana tallafawa 'yan gudun hijira da wadanda ke fama da Jihar Musulunci.

## Amsa da tallafi
A ranar 16 ga watan Yulin 2024, Coalition For Women in Journalism ta fitar da wata sanarwa ta hadin kai tare da Azizi, inda ta yi Allah wadai da kama ta da kuma kula da ita a tsare. A ranar 24 ga watan Yulin 2024, washegari bayan da aka sanar da Azizi game da hukuncin da aka yanke mata, fursunonin siyasa a gidan yarin Evin sun shirya zaman kansu don nuna rashin amincewa da hukuncin mutuwar Azizi. A ranar 9 ga Satumba 2024, Cibiyar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam a Iran ta fitar da wata sanarwa ta hadin gwiwa tare da wasu kungiyoyi ashirin da biyar na kare hakkin dan adam da ke kira ga Iran da ta soke hukuncin mutuwar Azizi. Sauran masu sanya hannu kan sanarwar sun hada da Hengaw Organization for Human Rights, United4Iran, Justice for Iran, da Iran Human Rights (IHRNGO).  Kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta Amnesty International ta kaddamar da kamfen a madadin Azizi a ranar 30 ga Satumba 2024. Kungiyar ta wallafa wata wasika da aka yi wa Gholamhossein Mohseni Ejei, Babban Alkalin Iran, yana ƙarfafa mutane su rubuta nasu roƙo a madadin Azizi ko amfani da wasikar samfurin. Kwamitin Mata na Majalisar Tsayayya ta Kasa ta Iran ya fitar da wata sanarwa da ke Allah wadai da hukuncin mutuwar Azizi a ranar 8 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2025.

## manazarta
Wendi Andriano

**Wendi Elizabeth Andriano** (née Ochoa; an haife ta a ranar 6 ga watan Agusta, 1970)  mace ce ta Amurka wacce aka yanke mata hukuncin kisa a shekara ta 2000 na kisan mijinta mai fama da rashin lafiya, Joe . Ita fursuna ce a kan layin mutuwa a Arizona kuma an tsare ta a Lumley Unit a cikin gidan yarin Jihar Arizona - Perryville . Lambar fursunoni ita ce #191593.

## Tarihi
A watan Janairun 1994, ta auri Joseph Andriano . Ba da daɗewa ba a cikin auren, Joe ya yi rashin lafiya. Bayan da aka yi kuskuren ganewar asali, an gano Joe da cutar adenoid cystic carcinoma a shekarar 1998. A wannan lokacin, rashin lafiyarsa ta zama mai tsanani. Joe ya yi ƙoƙari ya yi amfani da cikakkun magunguna don rashin lafiyarsa, amma a shekara ta 2000 ya koma ga maganin chemotherapy. A wannan lokacin, Wendi ta haifi 'ya'ya biyu kuma tana aiki a matsayin manajan gida, amma ta fara fushi da karuwar nauyinta. Ta fara zuwa mashaya akai-akai kuma tana da al'amuran. Ita da mijinta sun nemi aboki ya zama mijinta a lokacin tsarin inshorar rayuwa, kodayake ba a taɓa sayen inshora ba.

## Laifi
farkon safiya na 8 ga Oktoba, 2000, Wendi Andriano ta buge mijinta mai shekaru 33 Joe har ya mutu tare da kujerar mashaya kuma ta soke shi a wuyansa da wuka mai inci 13 a cikin gidan ma'auratan a Ahwatukee, Arizona. Binciken jikinsa ya nuna cewa ya ci gaba da bugawa 23 a kwanyar, kuma an sami alamun sodium azide a cikin tsarinsa.

## Shari'a da sakamakonsa
Shekaru hudu bayan laifin, a ranar 23 ga watan Agusta, 2004, an fara shari'ar kisan Wendi Andriano. Ko da yake ba ta da wani rikodin aikata laifuka na baya,  ta fuskanci hukuncin kisa saboda laifinta. Masu gabatar da kara sun bayyana cewa dalilin da ya sa Wendi ta kashe mijinta kudi ne. An gabatar da shaida game da yadda Wendi ta yi ƙoƙari ta kafa tsarin inshorar rai a kan mijinta mai fama da rashin lafiya. Bugu da kari, masu gabatar da kara sun yi zargin cewa an jarabce ta da yiwuwar samun riba mai yawa daga karar rashin aikin likita da aka shigar a kan likitocin Joe. Sun yi ƙoƙari su tabbatar da cewa Wendi ta yi amfani da maganin ƙwayoyin cuta, sodium azide, don guba da mijinta don bayyana kamar mutuwar Joe ta kasance sakamakon ciwon zuciya. A lokacin shari'ar, Wendi ta ba da shaida a cikin kare kanta. Kwanaki tara a kan tsayawa, ta ba da shaida cewa mijinta ya yi mata duka. Ta kuma bayyana cewa mijinta Joe ya tashi cikin fushi bayan ta gaya masa game da al'amarin ta. Ta ce akwai gwagwarmaya da wuka. Duk da shaidarta mai ban mamaki, a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba, 2004, juriyar Wendi ta same ta da laifin kisan kai na farko. Wata daya bayan haka aka yanke mata hukunci. Saboda mummunan, zalunci, da lalata na laifin, kuma saboda laifin ya kasance saboda kudi, an yanke mata hukuncin kisa ta hanyar allurar kisa a ranar 22 ga Disamba, 2004. 

## manazarta
Noah Yusuf

Farfesa Noah Yusuf malamin kimiyya ne a Kasar Najeriya, kuma farfesa ne a fannin ilimin zamantakewa da kuma kula da rikice-rikice. Ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban Jami'ar AL-Hikmah na biyar na Jihar Ilorin, Jihar Kwara, daga watan Yuli 2020 zuwa watan Yuli 2025.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Yusuf a ranar 26 ga watan Yuni 1964, a Legas, Yankin kudu maso yamma, Birtaniya Najeriya dake Jihar Legas, Najeriya. Ya halarci Makarantar Firamare ta Community L.E.A, a makarantar Okeya-Ipo da Omupo Grammar. Ya samu  takardar shaidar kammala makarantar sakandare (HSC) a Makarantar Nazarin asali a tsohuwar Kwalejin Fasaha ta Jihar Kwara (Wanda yanzu take amsa sunan Kwara State Polytechnic) a jihar Ilorin. Ya sami B.sc. fannin  Sociology daga Jami'ar Ibadan a 1986, kuma daga baya ya kammala M.SC. a cikin shekarar 1990 da Ph.D. a cikin shekarar 2003 dukka a  wannan jami'a. Rubutun digirinsa ya dogara ne akan binciken da aka yi game da sa hannun ma'aikaci a cikin yanke shawara na gudanarwa a wuraren aiki na Najeriya.

## Ayyuka
Yusuf ya fara aikinsa na ilimi a Jami'ar Ilorin a shekarar 1992, kuma ya zama farfesa a fannin zamantakewar masana'antu a shekarar 2012. Jawabinsa na farko a shekarar 2014 ya kasance mai taken, "Aiki, Al'adu da kuma Al'umma: Haɗin kai wanda ke nuna rayuwarmu ta yau da kullum". Ya yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Pease da Strategic wato (CPSS)  a Jami'ar Ilorin daga shekarar 2017  har zuwa lokacin da aka nada shi a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban kasa, inda aka lura da shi an inganta matsayin cibiyar. A matsayinsa na Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Al-Hikmah na biyar daga shekarar 2020 zuwa shekarar 

2025, Yusuf ya kula da kafa makarantar likita kuma ya aiwatar da dijital.

## Bincike da bugawa
Binciken da yake sha'awarsa ya haɗa da ilimin zamantakewar masana'antu, alaƙar masana'antu da zaman lafiya da kuma rikice-rikice. A zuwa watan Yulin shekarar 2020, ya wallafa da yawa kuma ya rike mukamai na edita ga mujallu daban-daban, gami da Lapai Sociology Review da The Journal of Peace, Security and Development . 

## Kyauta da Daraja
An kuma sanya shi abokin ƙungiyar zaman lafiya da aiki a cikin shekarar 2018

## Manazarta
Abdelkader Messahel

**Abdelkader Messahel**  (an haife shi a ranar 11 ga watan Yulin shekarar 1949) ya kasance tsohon ɗan jaridar Aljeriya ne kuma Ministan Harkokin Waje na Aljeriya a tsakanin shekarar 2017 da kuma shekarar 2019. 

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

*
Peter Cirillo

**Laftanar Janar Peter Cerillo Swaka** Ya kasance ɗan siyasan Sudan ta Kudu ne kuma tsohon kwamandan ƙungiyar Anyanya kuma gwamnan Yankin Equatoria a cikin shekarun 1980. 

A matsayinsa na tsohon Jami'in kurkuku dake Khartoum, Janar Cirillo ya shiga kungiyar Anyanya a shekarar 1965 biyo bayan kisan kiyashi na mutanen Kudancin da suka yin karatu a garin Yambio . 

Ya yi aiki a matsayi da matsayi daban-daban a cikin Anyanya, Sudan_Armed_Forces" id="mwHQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Sudanese Armed Forces">Sojojin Sudan, SPLA kuma a matsayin Gwamnan Greater Equatoria a lokacin Sudan.

## Mutuwarsa
Janar Peter Cerillo, da wanda babban ɗan'uwa ne ga shugaban 'yan tawaye na National Salvation Front, Thomas Cerilo, ya mutu ne a Nairobi Kenya a watan Oktobar 2019 bayan ya yi yaƙi da lafiyarsa na dogon lokaci. Dan marigayi ya ba da rahoton ga Eye Radio cewa an gano mahaifinsa da Ciwon sukari (High Blood Sugar) da Hawan jini wato  (High blood pressure).

## Manazarta
Yacine Oualid

**Yacine El-Mahdi Oualid** (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga watan Yuni, 1993) shi ne Ministan Noma na Kasar Aljeriya.

## Ilimi
Qualid Yana da Dokta na Medicine a shekarar (2018) daga Jami'ar Sidi Bel Abbès . 

## Ayyuka
Oualid ya kafa kamfanin Smart Solutions Hosting a cikin shekarar 2016 . 

An nada Oualid a matsayin Mataimakin Minista ga Firayim Minista wanda ke kula da Tattalin Arziki, Farawa da Micro-kasuwanci a shekarar 2020.

Tun daga 9 ga watan Satumbar 2022, Oualid ya kasance Ministan Tattalin Arziki, Farawa da kuma Micro-kasuwanci.

Har ya zuwa Nuwamba 19, 2024, an nada Yacine Oualid a matsayin Ministan Horar da Kwarewa da kuma  Ilimi. 

## Manazarta
Aristolochia goldieana

***Aristolochia goldieana*** wani nau'in shuka ne a cikin dangin Aristolochiaceae . Ana samunsa a Benin, Kamaru, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Tsibirin Gulf of Guinea, Ivory Coast, Laberiya, Najeriya, da Saliyo. Gidansa na halitta shine gandun daji mai laushi na subtropical ko mai laushi. An yi barazanar lalacewar mazaunin.

## Manazarta
Michael Roberto Kenyi

**Michael Roberto Kenyi** ɗan siyasan Kasar Sudan ta Kudu ne. Ya zuwa shekarar 2011, shi ne Ministan Noma da Kayan daji na Tsakiyar Equatoria .  Ayyukansa a halin yanzu sun mai da hankali ne a kan kalubalen da manoma ke fuskanta a yankin Equatoria, da kuma tasirin taimakon jin kai a yankin.

## See also

* Siyasar  Sudan ta Kudu
## See also

* Siyasar Sudan ta Kudu
## Manazarta
Yahia Boukhari

**Yahia Boukhari** (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga watan Yunin  1953) shi ne Sakatare Janar na gwamnatin Aljeriya. An nada shi a matsayin Sakatare a ranar 2 ga watan Janairun 2020.

## Manazarta
Hain, Ghana

**Hain** al'umma ce a cikin Gundumar Jirapa a yankin Upper West na Ghana .  Mazaunan Hain suna bikin Tinmaale . 

## Cibiyoyin

* Kamfanin Baalayele 
* Ofishin 'yan sanda na Hain  
* Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Kasa, Hain 
* Makarantun Firamare na Majalisar Gundumar Hain 
* Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Hain 

## Manazarta
Basma Azouar

**Basma Azouar** (an haife ta a ranar 16 ga watan Maris na shekarar 1983) ita ce Ministan Kasar Aljeriya na Dangantaka da Majalisar Dokoki . An nada ta a Matsayin minista a ranar 7 ga watan Yulin shekarar 2021.  

Azouar tana da digiri na farko a fannin kimiyyar shari'a dakuma gudanarwa, da kuma  Diploma na Nazarin Ci gaba da kuma Jagora a cikin samu  'Yancin Dan Adam.

## Manazarta
Richard H. Moss

**Richard H. Moss** masanin kimiyyar yanayi ne kuma tsohon shugaban kwamitin ba da shawara don ci gaba da kima na yanayi na ƙasa .  A cikin wannan rawar, yana da alhakin tallafawa wallafa *Rahoton Musamman na Kimiyyar Yanayi* da Ƙididdigar Yanayi na Ƙasa na Hudu . 

Moss a baya ya kasance Mataimakin Shugaban kasa kuma Manajan Darakta na Canjin Yanayi a Asusun Kula da Kayan daji na Duniya kuma Babban Darakta don Makamashi da Yanayi a Gidauniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.  Moss ya kasance memba na IPCC tun 1993.

## Manazarta
Fayçal Bentaleb

**Fayçal Bentaleb** (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga watan Yulin, shekarar 1973, a Constantine, Aljeriya) shi ne Ministan Ayyuka, da kuma Tsaron Jama'a na KasarAljeriya. An nada shi a matsayin minista a ranar 16 ga watan Maris 2023.

## Ilimi
Bentaleb ta samu digirinta na farko a fannin Dokoki , a shekarar  (2001) daga Jami'ar Algiers 1.

## Inda Aka Samu Bayanan da aka ambata
Martha Agbani

**Martha Agbani** 'yar gwagwarmayar kare muhalli ce a Najeriya. Ita ce darakta mai kafa Cibiyar Ci gaban Al'umma ta Lokiaka, wacce ke ba da shawara ga haƙƙin 'yan asalin ƙasar Ogoni mata manoma.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Agbani ne a Khana, Najeriya .  Mahaifiyarta 'yar gwagwarmaya ce wacce ta yi zanga-zanga a kan kamfanin mai na Shell a cikin shekarun 1990. Yayinda take matashiya, ta kasance daliba a Bori City,  kuma daga ƙarshe ta halarci Kenule Beeson Saro-Wiwa Polytechnic . 

## Ayyuka
Bayan kisan Ken Saro-Wiwa a 1995 da mutuwar mahaifiyarta a 2001, Agbani ta shiga Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People a 2003. 

Bayan zubar da mai sau biyu a cikin 2008 wanda ya lalata gandun daji da wuraren kamun kifi a Bodo, Najeriya, Shell ta amince da biyan garin kusan dala miliyan 83.5 da sake dasa mangroves. Agbani ya fara shuka mangroves don siyarwa ga Shell kuma,  a cikin 2009, ya kafa Cibiyar Ci gaban Al'umma ta Lokiaka, kungiya mai zaman kanta wacce ke da niyyar tallafawa manoma mata na Ogoni don kula da yanayin halitta.  A cewar jaridar kan layi ta Najeriya *[[TheCable]]*, kungiyar tana sayar da mangroves ga kamfanonin mai a kusan kusan 500 - S. 1,000 (US $ 0.33 - US $ 0.66) ga kowane shuka.

## Manazarta
Gidan shakatawa na Landmark

**Landmark Leisure Beach** bakin teku ne da ke Legas, Jihar Legas Najeriya. Yana a lambobi 3 & 4 Water Corporation Road, VI, Legas.   rairayin bakin teku a buɗe ga jama'a kowace rana. Ta dauki ma'aikatan ceton rai da ake biya wadanda suke kula da bakin tekun kuma sun ceto mutane da dama daga nutsewa. 

## Kayan kide-kide
Ana gudanar da kide-kide da yawa a Landmark Leisure Beach, musamman a watan Disamba. A ranar 30 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2021, mawaƙin Najeriya Wizkid ya yi a bakin rairayin bakin teku. Kamfanin Toro Entertainment Company ne ya shirya wasan kwaikwayon.

## Rushewa
A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2024, gwamnatin tarayya ta Najeriya ta hanyar Ministan Ayyuka, Eng. Dave Umahi ya ba da sanarwar gina babbar hanyar Legas-Calabar mai nisan kilomita 700 wanda zai kai daga Jihar Legas zuwa Calabar a Jihar Cross River. 

Wannan sanarwar ta haifar da rushewar ababen more rayuwa da kadarori a kan hanyar babbar hanyar da aka tsara. An rushe wani ɓangare na Landmark Beach a cikin rikice-rikice da ke kewaye da ginin babbar hanyar kilomita 700.

## Manazarta
Ajaraneola

***Ajaraneola*** wani jinsi ne na gizo-gizo tsalle na Afirka wanda ya ƙunshi nau'i biyu, ***Ajaraneola mastigophora*** da ***Ajaraneola pajakwandy*** . Sunan jinsin ya samo asali ne daga sunan allahn daji, Aja, a daya daga cikin harsunan Najeriya, Yarbanci . An fara bayyana asalin halittar a cikin 2011 daga samfuran *Ajaraneola mastigophora* da aka samu a Najeriya. An fara bayyana nau'in nau'in na biyu a cikin 2021 daga misalan da aka samu a Uganda. Masu gizo-gizo suna da matsakaicin girma kuma suna da sifa mai kama da bulala .

## Tarihi da kuma asali
Lokacin da Wanda Wesołowska da Anthony Russell-Smith suka fara bayyanawa a cikin 2011, an sanya *Ajaraneola* a cikin iyali Salticidae. Sunan gizo-gizo yana tunatar da kalmomi biyu, ɗaya a cikin Yoruba, yaren kudancin Najeriya, ɗayan kuma a cikin Latin. Sashe na farko na sunan, Aja, allahiyar Yoruba ce ta gandun daji. Sashe na biyu ya samo asali ne daga kalmar Latin araneola, ma'ana ƙaramin gizo-gizo.

A cikin 2015, Wayne Maddison ya sanya jinsin a cikin ƙabilar Thiratoscirtina bisa ga rarrabawar embolus wanda yake rabawa da wasu jinsuna kamar *Cembalea* .  Bodner & Maddison ne suka fara bayyana ƙabilar a cikin 2012 kuma suka sanya ta cikin ƙabilar Thiratoscirtinae . 

## Nau'o'in
Nau'in nau'in jinsin shine *Ajaraneola mastigophora* .  Asalinsu, jinsin ya kasance monotypic har sai an ƙara *Ajaraneola pajakwandy* a cikin 2021. 

### Ajaraneola mastigophora
Wanda Wesołowska da Anthony Russell-Smith ne suka fara bayyana *Ajaraneola mastigophora* a cikin 2011. Kungiyar ta gano duka namiji holotype da mace paratype. Sunan yana tunatar da Latin don mai ɗauke da bulala, kuma yana da alaƙa da dogon embolus.

### Ajaraneola da ake kira
Tamás Szűts da Wayne Maddison ne suka fara gano Ajaraneola a shekarar 2021.  Sunan ya samo asali ne daga kalmomi biyu, pająk Wandy, wanda, idan aka juya, za'a iya fassara gizo-gizo na Wanda, bayan Wanda Wesołowska. Kungiyar ta zaɓi sunan "ta amince da gudummawar da ta bayar ga gizo-gizo mai tsalle-tsalle na Afrotropical da kuma lissafin thiratoscirtine".

## Bayyanawa
*Ajaraneola* gizo-gizo ne mai matsakaicin girman tsayi mai tsayin ƙafafu biyu na gaba.  Gabaɗaya yana da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, tare da babban carapace, wanda yake m a yanayin *Ajaraneola mastigophora* kuma mafi quadrangular a cikin *Ajaraneola pajakwandy* . Carapace yawanci  dogo.  Ciki yawanci  tsawo kuma an rufe shi da gajeren gashi. Yana iya samun abin kwaikwaya akan sa na launin toka.  An bambanta namiji daga sauran gizo-gizo masu tsalle ta hanyar rabuwa a cikin ɓangaren taurara na kwan fitila da kuma embolus mai tsayi da zare.  Mace tana da babban tsari mai kama da vesicle a tsakiyar tsakiyar ɗigon jini wanda ke da alama na musamman. 

## Rarraba
Misali na farko na jinsin, na nau'in *Ajaraneola mastigophora*, an samo shi a Obudu Plateau a jihar Cross River, Nigeria.  Daga baya, an gano nau'in *Ajaraneola pajakwandy* a cikin Bwindi Impenetrable National Park a gundumar Rukungiri, Uganda. Don haka jinsin yana da kewayon da ya haɗa da Najeriya da Uganda. 

## Manazarta
Neaetha maxima

***Neaetha maxima*** wani nau'in gizo-gizo ne na tsalle a cikin nau'in *Neaetha* da ke zaune a Ivory Coast da Najeriya. Wanda Wesołowska & Anthony Russell-Smith ne suka fara bayyana shi a cikin 2011 bisa wani holotype da aka samu kusa da Ibadan . Mace ce kawai aka kwatanta. gizo-gizo yawanci babba ne, sama da  tsawo, wanda ke nunawa a cikin sunan jinsin. Za a iya fassara sunan asalin sabon al'amari. Yana da carapace mai haske mai launin ruwan kasa da rawaya-fari ciki, tare da kafafun orange-launin ruwan kasa. Epigyne yana da aljihun tsakiya na musamman da faffadan ducts.

## Tarihin lissafi
**Neaetha* maxima* wani nau'in gizo-gizo ne mai tsalle wanda Wanda Wesołowska da Anthony Russell-Smith suka fara bayyanawa a cikin 2011. An ba da shi ga jinsin Neaetha, wanda Eugène Simon ne ya fara tasowa a 1884. An sanya sunan jinsin ne don kalmomin Helenanci guda biyu, néos, wanda ke nau'o'in sabon, da théa, wanda za'a iya fassara shi. An sanya sunan jinsin ne saboda girman gizo-gizo. Wesołowska da Russell-Smith sun yi hasashen cewa jinsin na iya zama daidai da jinsin *[[Hyllus tuberculatus]]* . 

Dabbobi a cikin jinsin suna da wuyar rarrabewa, wanda ya haifar da Barbara Patoleta da Marek Żabka suna ba da shawarar cewa fahimtar dangantakar da ke tsakanin jinsuna daban-daban yana buƙatar nazarin kwayoyin halitta maimakon halayen jiki. Binciken Nazarin DNA da Wayne Maddison da Marshall Hedin suka gudanar sun gano cewa jinsin yana da alaƙa da jinsin *Salticus*. Har ila yau, yana da kamanceceniya da *Carrhotus* da *Hasariyu*, a tsakanin sauran nau'ikan gizo-gizo masu tsalle. An sanya jinsin a cikin kabilar Harmochirina a cikin kabili Plexippini ta Maddison a cikin 2015.  Wadannan an sanya su ga Ƙungiya Saltafresia. Ƙungiyar ta kasu kashi biyu zuwa harmochirines da pellenines, kuma an rarraba jinsin ga rukuni na ƙarshe, wanda ke da alamar rayuwa a kan ƙasa mai haske. A cikin 2016, Jerzy Prószyński ya ba da jinsin ga ƙungiyar Harmochirines. 

## Bayyanawa
An bayyana mace ce kawai. gizo-gizo yana da girma, fiye da sau uku ya fi girma fiye da sauran nau'o'in  jinsin kamar *[[Neaetha catula]]*, tare da tsawon sama da   in). cephalothorax yana da tsawon   in) da faɗin   in), yayin  yana da tsawon   in) da   in) faɗin. Yana da launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa tare da babban cephalon, tare da rabi da aka ɗauka tare da filin ido mai duhu. Fararen gashi da aka warwatsa a gefen kwarangwal. Abun ciki na ovoid ya fi ƙanƙanta kuma ya fi haske, launin rawaya-farin launi tare da alamar launin toka mai launin toka da ake gani. Clypeus da Chelicerae suna da launin ruwan kasa. spinnerets suna da launin toka kuma ƙafafun suna da launin orange-brown. epigine yana da aljihu na tsakiya na musamman da kuma manyan hanyoyin jima'i.

## Rarraba da mazaunin
Neaetha irreperta tana zaune a Ivory Coast da Najeriya. An samo holotype na jinsin a bakin kogin kusa da Ibadan a Najeriya a cikin 2011, bisa ga samfurin da aka samo a cikin 1974. An faɗaɗa rarraba nau'in don haɗawa da Ivory Coast a cikin 2022, bisa ga misalai da aka samu kusa da Kogin Bandama a cikin 1975. 

### Manazarta
Kristie Ebi

Database Ciniki bayi na Trans-Atlantic**Kristie L. Ebi** masanin ilimin cututtukan cututtuka ne na Amurka wanda babban abin da ya fi mayar da hankali shi ne tasirin dumamar yanayi a kan lafiyar ɗan adam. Ita farfesa ce a fannin kiwon lafiya na Duniya da muhalli da kimiyyar kiwon lafiya a Sashen Kiwon Lafiya na Duniya a Jami'ar Washington . 

Ebi ita ce ta kafa kuma tsohon darakta (2014-2019) na Cibiyar Lafiya da Muhalli ta Duniya (CHanGE) a Makarantar Lafiya ta Jama'a ta Jami'ar Washington . 

## Ilimi
Ebi ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Jihar Michigan tare da digiri na farko a fannin kimiyyar halittu a shekarar 1972.  A shekara ta 1976, ta kammala digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin guba a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts .  Daga nan sai ta tafi Jami'ar Michigan inda ta sami Jagora na Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a (1983) da PhD (1985) a fannin yaduwar cututtuka. Daga nan sai ta yi shekaru biyu tana yin bincike na digiri a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya da Magungunan Tropical ta London.

## Ayyuka da bincike
Binciken Ebi yana mai da hankali kan haɗarin kiwon lafiya na Canjin yanayi da canjin yanayi, gami da abubuwan da suka faru, damuwa ta zafi, amincin abinci ba cututtukan da ke yaduwa ba, da dabarun daidaitawa don magance waɗannan haɗarin a cikin mahalli tare da abubuwan damuwa da yawa.

## Manazarta
Abinci na yanayi

**Abinci na yanayi** yana nufin lokutan shekara lokacin da girbi ko dandano na wani nau'in abinci da aka ba shi yana da girma. Wannan yawanci shine lokacin da aka girbe abu, tare da wasu banbanci; misali shine dankali mai zaki wanda aka fi cinyewa makonni da yawa bayan girbi. Abinci na yanayi yana rage hayakin iskar gas wanda ya haifar da amfani da abinci kuma yana da mahimmanci a cikin abincin carbon. Abinci na macrobiotic yana jaddada cin abinci da aka shuka a cikin gida wanda ke cikin yanayi.

## Tarihi
An kafa abincin yanayi na Koriya a kan yanayin yanayi na halitta inda canje-canje a rayuwar noma da yanayi huɗu suka kasance a bayyane, kuma sun bambanta dangane da gazawar, wanda ke da tasiri daga yanayin ƙasa daban-daban. Sabanin haka, abincin bazara ya kunshi green beans radish, lettuces, chicories, aubergine, carot, cucumber, gherkins, watercress, marrow, courgettes, da shinkafa. Naman da ke tare da waɗannan kayan lambu ya kunshi galibi kaji, tsutsa da kayan naman sa. 'Ya'yan itace da aka yi amfani da su sun hada da 'ya'yan itacen kamar lemun tsami, lemun tsayi, nectarines, mulberry, cherries, plums, apricot, inabi, pomegranates, watermelon, pears, apple, da melon. A halin yanzu, abin sha ya haɗa da syrups da jams. 'Ya'yan itace pastels, lemun tsami, rose, jasmine, ginger da fennel.

A cikin kaka, abinci sun haɗa da kabewa, cauliflower, karoshi, celery, gourd, alkama, sha'ir, millet, turnips, parsnips, albasa, acorns, peanuts, pulses, da man zaitun. Abin sha ya haɗa da ganye masu ƙanshi da furanni masu mahimmanci.

## Tasirin yanayi
Amfani da abinci bisa ga wadatar sa na yanayi na iya rage hayakin iskar gas wanda ya haifar da amfani da abinci (milin abinci). Dangane da binciken 2021 da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta goyi bayan, fiye da kashi ɗaya bisa uku na hayakin gas na duniya ya fito ne daga samar da abinci, sarrafawa, da marufi.

## Gidan abinci na yanayi

Fayil:Hwajeon_Cooking_10.jpg|*Hwajeon* (flower cakes), made in spring using rhododendron petals
Fayil:022_Polish_cuisine,_soup_in_Poland_-_botwinka_soup_made_from_beetroot_leaves_and_root_vegetables,_served_with_egg.jpg|*Botwinka*, beet leaves soup typical for late spring in Polish cuisine
Fayil:Gazpacho_(4826276524).jpg|*[[Gazpacho]]*, a summer soup made of raw blended vegetables and served cold
Fayil:Com.JPG|*Cốm* (green rice), a dish traditionally associated with autumn 
Fayil:Glühwein_Weinnachtsmarkt_OS.JPG|*Glühwein* (mulled wine), a hot wine drink made in winter


## Dubi kuma

* Abinci mai jinkiri

## Manazarta
Ba da shawara

**Ba da [[Shawara]]** ita ce mai hanawa da aka yi amfani da ita akan Kunshin abinci. Ana amfani da wannan magana azaman takardar doka mai kyau tare da hoto na samfurin. Hoton yana ƙoƙari ya nuna abincin mai ƙerawa a hanya mafi kyau ko mai ɗanɗano, wani lokacin ya haɗa da wasu abinci waɗanda kunshin ba ya ƙunshe da su. Misali, lakabin a kan akwati na hatsi na iya nuna hoton kwano na hatsi cike da wannan hatsi, madara da kayan ado na 'ya'yan itace, kunshin cuku na cream na iya nuna bagel tare da wannan cuku na cuku a ciki, ko kwalba na mustard na iya nuna hoto na kare mai zafi a cikin burodi tare da mustard a ciki. Shawarwarin ba da sabis na iya nuna girman ba da abinci da aka yi amfani da shi, amma kamar yadda sau da yawa ana nuna mafi girma a matsayin wani ɓangare na tallan abu. A matsayin mai nunawa, shawarar hidima tana aiki ne don cire duk wani wajibi na doka daga bangaren mai ƙera don samar da sauran abubuwan da aka zana tare da samfurin su.

Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi tare da girke-girke na dafa abinci, shawarwari ne daga marubucin a matsayin hanyar da za a ba da abincin.

## Haɗin waje

*
Abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su (aikin abinci)

Kayan aiki na yau da kullun shine kalmar Fasahar abinci, lokacin da masana'antun suka sayi a cikin daidaitattun sashi za su yi amfani da samfurin da aka riga aka yi a cikin samar da abincin su. Suna taimakawa samfuran su kasance iri ɗaya a cikin daidaito, suna da sauri kuma suna da sauƙin amfani a cikin samar da kayayyakin abinci. Wasu misalai sune cubes na kayan aiki da aka riga aka yi, marzipan, icing, kayan da aka shirya.

## Amfani da shi
Masana'antu suna amfani da daidaitattun kayan aiki yayin da suke adana lokaci kuma wani lokacin suna da ƙarancin kuɗi kuma yana taimakawa tare da daidaito a cikin samfuran. Idan mai ƙerawa ya yi amfani da daidaitattun sashi daga wani mai ba da sabis yana da mahimmanci cewa mai ƙera shi ya samar da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadadden don ɓangaren ya cika ƙa'idodin da mai ƙera ya saita.

### Fa'idodi

* Yana adana lokacin shiri.
* Matakai kaɗan a cikin tsarin samarwa
* Ƙananan ƙoƙari da ƙwarewa da ma'aikatan ke buƙata
* Ƙananan kayan aiki da kayan aiki da ake buƙata
* Kyakkyawan inganci
* Yana adana kuɗi daga kowane bangare
* Ana iya saya da yawa
* Kyakkyawan daidaito
* Shirye-shiryen abinci yana da tsabta

### Rashin fa'idodi

* Dole ne ya dogara da wasu masana'antun don samar da kayayyaki
* Sabbin sinadaran na iya ɗanɗano mafi kyau
* Zai iya buƙatar yanayin ajiya na musamman
* Ba abin dogaro ba ne fiye da yin hakan da kanka
* Kudin da za a yi
* Ba za ta iya sarrafa darajar abinci mai gina jiki na samfurin ba
* Akwai haɗarin kamuwa da cuta.
* Fasahar abinci ta GCSE

## Manazarta
Jerin matan Ghana Twenty20 International cricketers

Wannan **jerin sunayen 'yan wasan cricket na duniya mata Ashirin20 ne** . A Women's Twenty20 International (WT20I) wasa ne na wasan kurket na duniya tsakanin ƙungiyoyin wakilai biyu. Ana buga T20I a ƙarƙashin dokokin wasan kurket Twenty20 . A cikin Afrilu 2018, Majalisar Cricket ta Duniya (ICC) ta ba da cikakkiyar matsayi na kasa da kasa zuwa wasannin mata Twenty20 da aka buga tsakanin bangarorin membobi daga 1 ga Yuli 2018 zuwa gaba.  Matan Ghana sun buga wasansu na farko na WT20I a ranar 28 ga Maris 2022 da Rwanda yayin gasar Gayyatar Mata ta T20I ta Najeriya a Legas .

An shirya jerin ne a cikin tsari wanda kowane mai kunnawa ya lashe lambar yabo ta farko ta Twenty20. Inda fiye da 'yan wasa daya suka lashe lambar yabo ta farko ta Twenty20 a cikin wannan wasan, an jera waɗannan' yan wasan a cikin haruffa ta hanyar sunan mahaifi.

## Maɓalli

## 'Yan wasa
*Kididdigar daidai ce daga ranar 31 ga Maris 2023.*

## Manazarta
Jerin jakadun Peru zuwa Trinidad da Tobago

Jakadan a Port of Spain an ba shi izini ga ƙasashe makwabta, kamar Guyana, membobin CARICOM, da Barbados, Saint Lucia da Saint Vincent da Grenadines.  Peru a baya tana kula da ofishin jakadancin a Kingston, Jamaica, amma ta rufe shi a cikin 2008, tare da sauran ofisoshin jakadancin.

Jakadan Peru na musamman kuma mai cikakken iko a Jamhuriyar Trinidad da Tobago shi ne wakilin hukuma na Jamhuriyar Peru a Jamhuryar Trinidad da Tbago .

Kasashen biyu sun kafa dangantaka a shekarar 1968 kuma sun kiyaye su tun daga lokacin. An buɗe ofishin jakadancin Peruvian a Port of Spain a cikin shekarun 1990. An rufe shi a wani lokaci amma an sake buɗe shi a cikin 2014.

## Jerin wakilan
 

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin jakadun Peru zuwa Jamaica
* Jerin jakadun Peru zuwa Venezuela

## Bayani
a Abunda aka bayanna a baya a caracas
b  Ma,anoni
• Antigua and Barbuda
• Bahamas
• Dominica

## Manazarta