Jerin jam'iyyun da suka shiga Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Canjin Yanayi

yarjejeniya Tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Canjin Yanayi (UNFCCC ko FCCC) yarjejeniya ce ta muhalli ta kasa da kasa da aka tattauna a Taron Majalisar Dinkinobho kan Muhalli da Ci gaba (UNCED), wanda aka fi sani da Taron Duniya, wanda aka gudanar a Rio de Janeiro daga 3 zuwa 14 Yuni 1992. Manufar yarjejeniyar ita ce "tsayar da yawan iskar gas a cikin yanayi a matakin da zai hana haɗari mai haɗari da tsarin yanayi".

Yarjejeniyar kanta ba ta sanya iyaka ba a kan hayakin iskar gas ga kasashe daban-daban kuma ba ta ƙunshi hanyoyin tilasta aiki ba. A wannan ma'anar, ana ɗaukar yarjejeniyar a matsayin ba ta da doka. Maimakon haka, yarjejeniyar ta samar da tsari don tattauna takamaiman yarjejeniyoyin kasa da kasa (wanda ake kira "protocols") wanda zai iya saita iyakoki masu ɗaurewa akan iskar gas.

An buɗe UNFCCC don sanya hannu a ranar 9 ga Mayu 1992, bayan kwamitin tattaunawa na gwamnati ya samar da rubutun Yarjejeniyar Tsarin a matsayin rahoto bayan taron da ya yi a New York daga 30 ga Afrilu zuwa 9 ga Mayu 1992. Ya fara aiki a ranar 21 ga Maris 1994. Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2022, UNFCCC tana da jam'iyyun 198.

## Jam'iyyun
Ya zuwa 2022, UNFCCC tana da jam'iyyu 198 ciki har da dukkan Kasashen membobin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, masu sa ido kan Jihar Falasdinu da Mai Tsarki, jihohin da ba membobin Majalisar Dokoki ba Niue da Tsibirin Cook, da kuma Tarayyar Turai.

## Rarraba jam'iyyun ta hanyar mahaɗin

Ana rarraba jam'iyyun UNFCCC kamar haka:

* **Ƙaddamarwa ta I**: Akwai jam'iyyun 43 a cikin UNFCCC da aka jera a Ƙaddamarwar I na taron, gami da Tarayyar Turai. Wadannan bangarorin an rarraba su a matsayin kasashe masu masana'antu (masu tasowa) da kuma "tattalin arziki a cikin canji" (EITs).  EITs 14 sune tsoffin tattalin arzikin da aka tsara a tsakiya (Soviet) na Rasha da Gabashin Turai.
* **Ƙaddamarwa ta II**: Daga cikin Jam'iyyun da aka jera a Ƙaddamarwar I na taron, 24 an kuma jera su a Ƙaddarwar II na taron, gami da Tarayyar Turai. Wadannan bangarorin sun hada da mambobin Kungiyar hadin gwiwar tattalin arziki da ci gaba (OECD). Ana buƙatar Kashi na II don samar da tallafin kuɗi da fasaha ga EITs da Kasashe masu tasowa don taimaka musu wajen rage hayakin gas (ƙaddamar da Canjin yanayi) da kuma sarrafa tasirin canjin yanayi (canjin yanayi). 
* Non-Annex I: Jam'iyyun UNFCCC da ba a jera su a cikin Annex I na yarjejeniyar galibi ƙasashe masu tasowa ne. Kasashe masu tasowa na iya ba da kansu don zama ƙasashe masu tasha lokacin da suka ci gaba sosai.
* Kasashe masu tasowa (LDCs): Kasashe 49 sune LDCs, kuma an ba su matsayi na musamman a ƙarƙashin yarjejeniyar saboda iyakantaccen ikon su don daidaitawa da tasirin canjin yanayi.

## Kungiyoyin tattaunawar jam'iyya
 
Kamar bangarorin da ke da hankali suna tara kansu a cikin bangarorin tattaunawa, waɗanda galibi suna ɗaukar matsayi na kowa. Jam'iyyun goma sha biyu ba su cikin wani toshe ba.

* G77 da China
* AOSIS (Alliance of Small Island States, sau da yawa ana kiranta SIDS, Small Island Developing States) 
* AGN (Ƙungiyar Tattaunawa ta Afirka) 
* LDCs (Ƙananan Kasashe masu tasowa) 

:* AILAC (Independent Alliance of Latin America and the Caribbean) 
:* LMDCs (Kamar Kasashen da ke Ci gaba) 
:* Ƙungiyar Larabawa

* EIG (Rukunin Aminci na Muhalli) 
* Ƙungiyar Laima
* Tarayyar Turai

### Juyin Halitta na Tarihi
Wasu daga cikin kungiyoyin sun fi na yanayin ƙasa, kamar AGN, Arab Group, ko AOSIS. THe EU tana da yanayin siyasa sosai. Kasancewa memba a cikin LDCs an bayyana ta hanyar tattalin arziki da sauran alamomi. AILAC, LMDCs, Grupo Sur suna canzawa sau da yawa, yayin da ƙungiyar EIG da Umbrella ke canzawa kadan a cikin shekaru kafin 2025.

**JUSSCANZ** (Japan, Amurka, Switzerland, Kanada, Australia, Norway da New Zealand), ko JUSCANZ, wanda shine hadin gwiwar kasashe masu tunani iri ɗaya a wasu hukumomin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, kamar UNHRC, ko UNCTAD. Tare da wani lokacin kuma Iceland, Mexico, Jamhuriyar Koriya ana gayyatar su. Kungiyoyin Umbrella da EIG sun fito ne a matsayin bambance-bambance na hadin gwiwar JUSSCANZ bayan amincewa da Yarjejeniyar Kyoto.

## Manazarta