Floria Pinkney

**Floria Pinkney** (1903 - bayan Mayu 1984) ta kasance ma'aikaciyar tufafi bakar fata mace mai tasowa kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a kuma shugaba daga Brooklyn, New York . Ita ce mace ' yar asalin Amurka ta farko da ta riƙe matsayin jagoranci a matsayin mai shiryawa a cikin Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Tufafin Mata ta Duniya (ILGWU) .  A matsayinta na mai yin tufafi na gargajiya, Pinkney ta shiga harkar tufafi a tsawon rayuwarta.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi

Iyayen Pinkney dukkansu 'yan asalin Florida ne kuma sun yi ƙaura zuwa Connecticut a farkon ƙarni. Mahaifiyar Pinkney mai sana'ar dinki ce.  An haifi Pinkney a Connecticut a 1903. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haihuwar Pinkney, mahaifiyarta da mijinta ya mutu ta ƙaura da iyalin zuwa Brooklyn. Kafin ta yi aiki a masana'antar dinki, Pinkney ta halarci Makarantar Ciniki ta 'Yan Mata ta Manhattan. A can, an koya mata ƙwarewa ciki har da makanikan dinki, dabarun dinki, da ƙwarewar ilimi kamar rubutu.  A 1925, Pinkney ta sami tallafin karatu zuwa Kwalejin Aiki ta Brookwood, wacce Asusun Ba da Agajin Jama'a na Amurka (AFPS) ya ɗauki nauyinta, wanda aka fi sani da Garland Fund, wanda ke tallafawa manufofin siyasa masu tsauri. Ta kuma sami tallafin karatu daga NAACP.  Karatun da AFPS ta bayar ya bai wa Pinkney damar ƙara koyo game da tsari sannan daga baya ta yi amfani da shi don taimaka wa ma'aikata baƙaƙe su yi nasara a masana'antar dinki da yaƙi da wariya.  An tsawaita tallafin karatunta a Brookwood shekaru biyu saboda nasarar karatunta, kuma an amince da Pinkney a matsayin mai magana a aji a lokacin kammala karatun.  Bayan kammala karatunta, Pinkney ta zama mace bakar fata ta farko da ta kammala karatunta daga Kwalejin Aikin Brookwood.  Pinkney ta kuma yi karatu a Makarantar Koyon Aikin Mata ta Bryn Mawr, inda ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin ɗaliban Bakar fata biyar na farko da aka karɓa  da Kwalejin Jama'a ta Duniya da ke Denmark .  A shekarar 1930, Pinkney ta sami lambar yabo daga Makarantar Aikin Jama'a ta New York don yin tallafin karatu na watanni 6 a Jami'ar Copenhagen. Wannan tallafin karatu ya mayar da hankali kan ayyukan da ake yi a Denmark a fannin ilimin manya da ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa. 

A shekarar 1984, Pinkney ta halarci taron sake haɗuwa da Makarantar Koyon Ma'aikata ta Bryn Mawr ta bazara . 

## Ƙungiyoyin fafutuka
Pinkney ta shiga ƙungiyar ma'aikatan tufafi ta mata ta duniya (ILGWU) a shekarun 1920 kuma an gano ta cikin sauri a matsayin shugaba mai kyau. Ta yi aiki shekaru da yawa kafin ta halarci Kwalejin Ma'aikata ta Brockwood. Bayan kammala karatunta, ta koma masana'antar da aka naɗa ta cikin gaggawa a matsayin shugaba. [1] Daga cikin sauran mukamai, Pinkney ta yi aiki a matsayin Mai Shiryawa na Musamman ga ILGWU a 1929. [2] Pinkney ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin shirin ILGWU na Satumba 1929 don ɗaukar ma'aikatan tufafi baƙaƙe. Ta yi magana tare da A. Philip Randolph, wanda ke jagorantar Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters da Mataimakin Shugaban ILGWU Julius Hochman a St. Luke's da ke Harlem. [1] Randolph ya amince da Pinkney a matsayin mai shirya ILGWU, yana kiranta "mace mai ƙwarewa". [3] Ta yi aiki a wajen yankin tufafi kuma tana aiki a cikin al'ummomin Harlem da Brooklyn. [4]

## Manazarta