Siarhei Besarab

**Siarhei Besarab** masanin kimiyyar Belarus ne,   mai fafutukar farar hula,  kuma mai sadarwa na kimiyya  wanda aka sani da gudummawar da ya bayar wajen fadada kimiyya a fannonin Rediyo, tsaron nukiliya, da Kare muhalli. A matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan muryoyin da ke jawo hankalin jama'a ga cin zarafin siyasa a cikin masana kimiyya da ilimi na Belarus, Besarab ya fuskanci korar kwararru da haramta daga cibiyoyin jama'a bayan zanga-zangar Belarus ta 2020 saboda matsayinsa na siyasa. Ya ci gaba da bayar da shawararsa ta hanyar aikin jarida na kimiyya na jama'a, yana nazarin tsarin tsaro na Astravets Nuclear Power Plant da kuma magance tura Makaman nukiliya na Rasha a Belarus. Ayyukansa sun haifar da tsanantawa ta siyasa daga hukumomin Belarus, tare da tuhume-tuhume daga KGB na Belarus da suka tilasta masa ya gudu zuwa Tarayyar Turai a watan Yunin 2023, inda ya ci gaba da aiki a cikin ayyukansa na kimiyya da na jama'a.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Siarhei Besarab a shekara ta 1984 a garin Novogrudok a Yankin Grodno na yammacin Belarus .  Ya kammala karatu tare da girmamawa daga Makarantar Sakandare No. 3 a Novogrudok, inda ya lashe kyaututtuka da yawa a wasannin Olympics na yanki da na kasa a lokacin da yake makaranta. Yayinda yake makaranta, an zaɓi Besarab don girmamawa ta musamman: ya sa rigar ilimi ta Barys Kit, sanannen masanin kimiyyar roket na Belarus-Amurka. Kit ya ba da rigarsa ga gidan kayan gargajiya na yankin don karfafa wa ɗalibai rai. Wannan al'adar ta gane manyan dalibai don nasarorin da suka samu kuma ta haɗa su da gadon kimiyya na Kit.

Besarab ya sami digiri na farko na Kimiyya daga Ma'aikatar Chemistry da Fasahar Magunguna, Faculty of Chemistry, Jami'ar Jihar Belarus, inda ya gudanar da bincike kan radiation-induced free radicals a karkashin kulawar Farfesa Oleg Shadyro, babban kwararre a cikin nazarin tasirin radiation.

Ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilmin sunadarai a Jami'ar Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa ta Belarus (NASB). Alexander Tretyak, sanannen kwararre na Belarus a cikin ilmin sunadarai na gilashi da kayan gilashi masu aiki ne ke kula da bincikensa. Bayan karatunsa na biyu, Besarab ya kammala digirinsa na PhD a kimiyyar farfajiyar karkashin jagorancin masanin kimiyya Vladimir Komarov a Cibiyar Janar da Inorganic Chemistry a NASB .  Komarov an san shi a matsayin babban masanin kimiyyar Belarus kuma wanda ya kafa makarantar kimiyya ta adsorption ta kasa.

A lokacin makarantar sakandare da jami'a, Besarab ya ci gaba da sha'awar meteoritics da farautar meteorite. Ya yi aiki a matsayin masanin ilimin sunadarai a cikin ƙungiyar da ke da hannu a cikin binciken binciken meteorite na kasuwanci, inda yake da alhakin gano kayan da aka dawo da su.   Wannan kwarewar sana'a ta farko ta ba da gudummawa ga horar da kimiyya da ƙwarewar aiki.

## Ayyuka

### Binciken kimiyya
Tun daga shekara ta 2010, Besarab ya yi aiki a matsayin masanin kimiyya mai bincike a Laboratory of adsorbents and Adsorption Processes a Cibiyar Janar da Inorganic Chemistry a NASB, kuma yana mai da hankali kan kayan inorganic, masu tasiri, da sabbin abubuwan haɓaka. Mai riƙe da takardun shaida 12,   bincikensa ya kasance cikin manyan 100 a cikin kimiyyar Belarus daga 2011 zuwa 2015 kuma ya sami lambar yabo biyu a Gasar Binciken Kimiyya ta Jamhuriyar Republican (2009, 2011). A shekara ta 2016, ya lashe sashin Belarus na Skolkovo Startup Tour don na'urar tsarkake hayaki na mercury  kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka polymer hydrogels  da fasahar ƙari a cikin aikin tiyata ta zuciya a matsayin mai ba da shawara na kimiyya a Cibiyar Kimiyya da Ayyuka ta Jamhuriyar Jamhuriya. Bugu da ƙari, ya shirya hackathon na kimiyya na farko na Belarus, SciHackathon, a cikin 2017.  

### Sadarwar kimiyya

Siarhei Besarab ya ba da gudummawa sosai ga sadarwa ta kimiyya a matsayin ɗan jarida da malami. Tun daga shekara ta 2019, ya gudanar da LAB-66, babbar tashar yaduwar kimiyya ta Belarus a kan Telegram, tare da masu karatu sama da 19,000, suna mai da hankali kan ilmin sunadarai, tsaron farar hula, da kariya ta radiological. An sake buga labaran nazarin shafin yanar gizon a ko'ina a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na Belarus da Ukraine, kuma abubuwan da ke ciki sun goyi bayan aikin jarida na bincike, kamar na aikin OSINT Belarusian Hajun.

Besarab kuma tana aiki a matsayin mai sadarwa na kimiyyar yanayi, a kai a kai tana buga labaran nazari game da tasirin Canjin yanayi a Belarus da Gabashin Turai. An san shi da wayar da kan jama'a game da haɗarin da ke da alaƙa da yanayi, rashin lafiyar ababen more rayuwa, da dabarun daidaitawa a yankin. A cikin 2025, ya sami lambar yabo ta Green Award  don samar da wasu daga cikin mafi kyawun abubuwan muhalli a cikin ƙasar, gami da bincikensa game da yanayin yanayi a Belarus da kuma labaran da ke mai da hankali kan dabarun daidaitawa na gida. 

Besarab kuma tana goyon bayan madadin abinci, kamar furotin kwari, ci gaba da inganta ilimin kimiyya.

## Ayyukan jama'a da fafutukar farar hula
Siarhei Besarab ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ba da shawara game da haƙƙin jama'a da 'yancin ilimi a Belarus. A cikin 2020, ya ba da ƙaryatawar kimiyya ga zarge-zargen da aka yi wa mai fafutukar farar hula Stsiapan Latypau, yana karyata da'awar wani makirci na tilasta bin doka da guba tare da sunadarai na gona. Ya kuma ba da gudummawa ga roko da masana kimiyya na Belarus suka yi wanda ya yi Allah wadai da tashin hankali na jihar bayan zaben shugaban kasa, ayyukan da suka haifar da korarsa daga Cibiyar Janar da Inorganic Chemistry da kuma haramtacciyar kwararru. Shigar da shi a cikin jerin sunayen masana kimiyya na Belarus da aka danne ya sa masana kimiyya su buga The Scientists "Open Letter Against Repressions, wanda sama da masana 800 suka sanya hannu.

A mayar da martani ga ci gaba da cin zarafin, Besarab ya kafa Asusun Haɗin Kai na Kimiyya na Belarus  don tallafawa malaman da aka tsananta. Ya ci gaba da adawa da mamayar Rasha a Ukraine ta hanyar buga wasika a madadin masana kimiyya na Belarus, duk da rashin amincewa daga NASB. A matsayin wani ɓangare na yakin neman zabe na Until All Are Free,  ya zama mai ba da shawara  ga fursunonin siyasa Artsiom Bayarski, ɗalibin ilmin sunadarai da aka yi niyya saboda sa hannu a cikin zanga-zangar bayan zabe.

Besarab ya ci gaba da nuna batutuwan da suka shafi kimiyyar Belarus, kamar tantancewa, rashin 'yancin ilimi,  da kuma ayyukan tallafin kuɗi. Shirye-shiryen da ya yi na bayanai sun haɗa da taswirar zalunci na 'yan ƙasar Belarus  da masana kimiyya, suna samar da bincike kamar "map of Belarusian extremistism "  da kuma bayanan martaba na malaman da aka danne. Ta hanyar gwagwarmayarsa, Besarab ya kasance mai ba da shawara game da nuna gaskiya da sake fasalin manufofin kimiyya da ilimi.

## Tsanantawa ta siyasa
Besarab, wanda aka fi sani da shi a matsayin ɗan jarida na kimiyya wanda ya ƙware a cikin Rediyo, Dosimetry, tsaron tashar nukiliya, da tasirin muhalli na sharar nukiliya,[1] ya sami shahara tsakanin masu karatu masu magana da Rasha don nazarin sa na tsaron radiation. Sunansa a matsayin gwani na fasaha ya zama sananne musamman bayan ƙaddamar da Astravets Nuclear Power Plant, inda ya fito a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan masu sukar jama'a game da tsarin Tsaro na radiation na tashar..

A cikin bazara na 2023, a cikin rikice-rikicen siyasa, Shugaban Belarus Alexander Lukashenko ya ba da sanarwar shirye-shiryen kawo Makaman nukiliya na Rasha zuwa Belarus. Besarab ya amsa ta hanyar buga cikakkun bayanai  na wuraren ajiya masu yuwuwa don waɗannan makamai a shafin yanar gizonsa da kuma shiga tare da kafofin watsa labarai masu zaman kansu na Belarus don tattauna haɗarin da ke tattare da su. Wannan aikin ya sanya shi cikin rikici kai tsaye tare da hukumomin Belarus, waɗanda daga baya suka lakafta duk abubuwan da ke cikin shafin yanar gizon kimiyya a matsayin kayan tsattsauran ra'ayi.

Da yake fuskantar matsin lamba, Besarab ya zama abin da ake tuhuma da shi saboda zargin ya haifar da lahani ga jihar. KGB na Belarus ya yi masa barazanar ɗaurin kurkuku, wanda ya sa ya yanke shawarar tserewa daga kasar kuma ya nemi mafaka ta siyasa a cikin Tarayyar Turai don tabbatar da amincinsa. Baya ga tsanantawa ta shari'a, Besarab ta fuskanci kamfen ɗin lalata a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na gwamnati, gami da hare-haren masu yada labarai daga fitattun kafofin kamar Belarus A yau.

## Manazarta