Matsi na radiation

**Tilasta Radiative** (ko **tilastawa yanayi**  ) ra'ayi ne da ake amfani da shi don ƙididdige sauyi zuwa ma'auni na makamashin da ke gudana ta sararin samaniya. Abubuwa daban-daban suna ba da gudummawa ga wannan canji na ma'aunin makamashi, kamar yawan iskar gas da iska, da canje-canje a cikin albedo da hasken rana . A cikin ƙarin fasaha na fasaha, an bayyana shi a matsayin "canji a cikin gidan yanar gizon, ƙasa da ƙasa a sama, raƙuman raɗaɗi (wanda aka bayyana a cikin W / m 2 ) saboda canji a cikin direba na waje na canjin yanayi."  Waɗannan direbobin na waje an bambanta su daga ra'ayoyi da bambance-bambancen da ke cikin tsarin yanayin yanayi, kuma suna ƙara yin tasiri ga jagora da girman rashin daidaituwa . Radiative tilastawa a duniya ana kimanta ma'ana a tropopause da kuma a saman stratosphere . Ana ƙididdige shi a cikin raka'a na watts a kowace murabba'in mita, kuma galibi ana taƙaita shi azaman matsakaita a kan jimlar saman duniya.

Duniyar da ke cikin daidaito mai haske tare da tauraron iyayenta da sauran sararin samaniya za a iya nuna su ta hanyar tilasta radiative da kuma yanayin daidaitaccen zafin duniya.

Tilasta radiative ba abu bane a ma'anar cewa kayan aiki guda ɗaya na iya auna shi da kansa. Maimakon haka ra'ayi ne na kimiyya da kuma *wani abu* wanda za'a iya kimanta ƙarfinsa daga ka'idodin kimiyyar lissafi. Masana kimiyya suna amfani da ma'auni na canje-canje a cikin sigogi na yanayi don lissafin tilasta radiative.

IPCC ta taƙaita yarjejeniyar kimiyya ta yanzu game da canje-canjen tilasta radiative kamar haka: "Tilasta radiative da mutum ya haifar na 2.72 W / m2 a cikin 2019 dangane da 1750 ya dumama tsarin yanayi. Wannan dumama yafi saboda karuwar GHG, wani ɓangare ya rage ta hanyar sanyaya saboda karuwar aerosol". 

Nauyin yanayi na iskar gas saboda aikin ɗan adam ya karu da sauri a cikin shekarun da suka gabata (tun daga kimanin shekara ta 1950). Ga carbon dioxide, karuwar kashi 50% (C / C0 = 1.5) da aka samu tun daga shekara ta 2 tun daga 1750 ya dace da canjin tilasta radiative (ΔF) na +2.17 W / m2.  Idan ba a yi la'akari da canji a cikin hanyar haɓaka hayaki ba, ninki biyu na maida hankali (C / C0 = 2) a cikin shekaru da yawa masu zuwa zai dace da canjin tilasta radiative (ΔF) na +3.71 W / m2.

Tilasta radiative na iya zama hanya mai amfani don kwatanta tasirin dumama mai girma na iskar gas daban-daban na ɗan adam a tsawon lokaci. Matsi mai karfi na iskar gas mai tsawo da kuma haɗuwa da kyau yana ƙaruwa a cikin yanayin duniya tun lokacin juyin juya halin masana'antu.[1] Carbon dioxide yana da babban tasiri a kan jimlar tilasta, yayin da methane da chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) ke taka karamin matsayi yayin da lokaci ke ci gaba.[1] Manyan iskar gas guda biyar suna da kusan kashi 96% na tilasta radiative kai tsaye ta hanyar karuwar iskar gas mai ɗorewa tun 1750. Sauran kashi 4% suna ba da gudummawa ta ƙananan iskar gas 15 .

## Ma'anar da mahimman bayanai
An ayyana *tilastawa da ƙarfi* a cikin Rahoton Ƙimar Na shida na IPCC kamar haka: "Canjin a cikin gidan yanar gizon, ƙasa da ƙasa sama, raɗaɗi mai haske (wanda aka bayyana a cikin W / m 2 ) saboda canji a cikin direba na waje na sauyin yanayi, kamar canji a cikin maida hankali na carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), maida hankali na aerosols volcanic ko fitarwa na Rana."

## Manazarta