LGBTQ people in Nigeria

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, da queer (LGBTQ)  mutane a Najeriya suna fuskantar manyan kalubale. Dokar ta hana Hakkin LGBTQ a Najeriya, tare da ƙuntatawa mai tsanani akan haƙƙin LGBT Q a Arewacin Najeriya. Duk da haka, al’ummar LGBTQ, waɗanda ake kiyasta su kai tsakanin mutane miliyan 15 zuwa 20, suna ci gaba da gudanar da al’adunsu a ɓoye, musamman a Kudancin Najeriya.  

## Yawan jama'a
Kimanin yawan masu luwadi a kasar ya kasance daga miliyan goma sha biyar zuwa ashirin.   Bincike ya gano cewa yawancin 'yan Najeriya na LGBTQ sun nuna kansu a matsayin Kirista, a cikin ƙungiyoyi irin su Anglicanism . 

## Hakki
Ayyukan jima'i na jinsi guda suna aikata laifuka a duk faɗin Najeriya a ƙarƙashin dokoki daban-daban, gami da ka'idojin tarayya da jihohi. Hukunce-hukunce sun kasance daga ɗaurin kurkuku zuwa hukuncin kisa a wasu jihohin arewacin da dokar Shari'a ke mulki.

### Dokokin Tarayya

* A kudancin Najeriya, Dokar Laifuka ta haramta aikata laifuka tsakanin maza tare da hukunci har zuwa shekaru 14 a kurkuku. Ana iya hukunta mummunar lalata tsakanin maza har zuwa shekaru 3 a kurkuku.
* A arewacin Najeriya, Dokar Shari'a ta haramta "dangantaka ta jiki game da tsari na yanayi" ga maza da mata, wanda za'a iya hukunta shi har zuwa shekaru 14 a kurkuku, tarar, ko duka biyun.

### Shari'a a cikin Jihohin Arewa

* Jihohi goma sha biyu na Arewa suna aiwatar da dokokin laifuka na Shari’a, waɗanda ake amfani da su ga Musulmai da kuma waɗanda suka amince a yi musu shari’a a kotun Shari’a.
* Akan hukunta livir da madigo ƙwarai da gaske, tare da hukuncin da ya ƙunshi daga bulala 100 zuwa hucin dutse har mutu, gwargwadon matsayin aure da kuma yankin da abin ya faru.
* An bayyana madigo a matsayin aikace-aikacen sha’awa ko motsa sha’awa tsakanin mata, kuma hukuncinsa a yawancin jihohi shi ne ɗaurin kurkuku ko bulala, yayin da a Kano da Katsina ake iya yanke hukuncin kisa

* Sanya kaya ko kwaikwayon halayen jinsi na kishiya yana ɗauke da hukunci a wasu jihohi. Misali, a Kano ana iya yanke hukuncin zuwa shekara ɗaya a kurkuku ko tara ga maza da suka sanya kaya ko suka yi halaye na mata.
* A kira mutum “barawo mai yawo” ko “barawo mai yawo marar gyaruwa” saboda aikata hulɗar jinsi ɗaya ko sanya kaya na kishiya na iya haifar da hukunci na ɗaurin kurkuku, bulala, ko biyan tara.

## Tarihi

### Tarihin Farko
A cikin al'adun Hausa na Islama, a yankunan da suka hada da arewacin Najeriya, ƴan daudu maza ne da ke da halayen mata.

### Shekaru na 1970
Shirye-shiryen LGBTQ a Najeriya ya samo asali ne daga akalla shekarun 1970. Har zuwa 1999, lokacin da mulkin soja a Najeriya ya ƙare, shirya LGBTQ ba ta mai da hankali kan haƙƙin siyasa ba, saboda ƙarin ƙuntatawa kan shirya siyasa da aiki.

An kafa reshen Najeriya na farko na Ikilisiyar Jama'a ta LGBTQ a 1974 a Jihar Imo.  A shekara ta 1976, ministan farko na ikilisiya, Methodist Sylvanus Maduka, shine ministan farko wanda ba fari ba ne da aka naɗa a cikin MCC.  Ba a san yawan mambobin cocin ba, idan akwai, sun kasance gay ko lesbian, amma jagorancin ikilisiya sun buga don tallafawa haƙƙin LGBTQ.

Har ila yau, a cikin shekarun 1970s, Area Scatter ya kasance mai yin wasan kwaikwayo da mawaƙa a Gabashin Najeriya.

### 1980s-1990s
A shekara ta 1989, an kafa kungiyar 'yan asalin Najeriya a Legas. Kungiyar zamantakewar maza masu luwadi ta yi niyyar samar da ilimin rigakafin cutar kanjamau, kuma ta yi aiki don tallafawa LGBTQ Najeriya a kasashen waje a Ingila. Taron da aka yi a hukumance ya ga iyakantaccen halarta, amma jam'iyyun ta ga mafi girma, tare da taron 1991 da ke da masu halarta 1,500. Bayan Legas, kungiyar ta kafa rassan jihohi da yawa, gami da Kaduna, tare da tarurruka a Zaria.

Komawa ga mulkin dimokuradiyya a Najeriya a 1999 ya kuma kawo kungiyoyi da yawa da ke neman magance matsalar HIV / AIDS da samar da kiwon lafiya. Alliance Rights Nigeria, wanda aka kafa a 1999, ya gudanar da tarurruka na sirri ga membobinta masu luwadi kuma ya shirya laccoci na jama'a "da ke mai da hankali kan cutar kanjamau, STDs, da jima'i mai aminci".

### Shekaru na 2000
A shekara ta 2004, darektan shirye-shiryen Alliance Rights Nigeria, Bisi Alimi, ya fito a fili a kan sanannen shirin NTA New Dawn tare da Funmi .  Ya zuwa Mayu 2004, Alliance Rights Nigeria ita ce kawai kungiyar LGBTQ a kasar "tare da kasancewar jama'a". Kungiyar daga baya ta yi haɗin gwiwa tare da Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Najeriya a cikin 2007, a kan binciken kula da kwayoyin cuta da halayyar HIV / STI (IBBSS). 

A farkon shekarun 2000s kuma sun ga kungiyoyin addinai na LGBTQ, kamar su Changing Attitude Nigeria, wanda Davis Mac-Iyalla ya kafa a shekara ta 2005, da kuma MCC-haɗe House of Rainbow, wanda Jide Macaulay ya kafa a 2006.  Kungiyar 'yar House of Rainbow, Daughters of Jezebel, ta yi aiki don tallafawa lesbians.

A tsakiyar 2000s, kungiyoyi sun fara shirya don tallafawa haƙƙin LGBTQ, kamar su Coalition for the Defense of Sexual Rights in Nigeria (wanda aka kafa 2005) da The Initiative For Equal Rights .  Wannan shirya jama'a ya fallasa masu gwagwarmaya ga fashewar tashin hankali na homophobic da kuma fitowa a cikin manema labarai na Najeriya. Daga tsakiyar 2000s zuwa gaba, masu gwagwarmaya sun kara amfani da kafofin sada zumunta don tsara siyasa.

## Al'adu

Yawancin 'yan Najeriya na LGBTQ suna amfani da lakabin 'Queer', saboda tasirin doka na kasancewa gay ko lesbian.

Duk da dokokin zalunci da halayen jama'a, akwai al'adun LGBTQ na karkashin kasa, musamman a Legas da kewayenta. Yawancin mazauna LGBTQ na Legas sun sami sarari mai mahimmanci a cikin Week Fashion na Legas, wanda ya rungumi salon da ba su dace da jinsi ba, kodayake taron ya kasance a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba shekaru da yawa don rage wannan halin. Wasu alamun hada-hadar sun zaɓi gudanar da nune-nunen sirri na tarin su.

Birnin ya kasance gida ga wurin biki tun farkon 2000s;  don kare masu halarta, an saki cikakkun bayanai game da taron ne kawai ba da daɗewa ba. Masu shirya jam'iyyar LGBTQ na iya yin haɗin gwiwa tare da kamfanonin tsaro masu zaman kansu don tabbatar da lafiyar masu halartar jam'iyya. Girman kai a Legas, wani taron shekara-shekara da aka gudanar tun 2021, ya haɗa da wasan kwaikwayo na ballroom.

Yawancin 'yan Najeriya na LGBTQ suna amfani da kafofin sada zumunta don haɗi da raba abubuwan da suka faru da ra'ayoyinsu.

### Littattafan da ba na almara ba

* Rayuwar Manyan Maza: Rayuwa da Ƙauna a matsayin Mutumin Gay na Afirka (2017) na Chike Frankie Edozien 
* Ta kira Ni Mace: Mata Masu Magana na Najeriya (2018), tarin tambayoyin da aka yi da 'yan matan Najeriya 25 
* Embracing My Shadow (2021) na Unoma Azuah, littafin tunawa na farko na 'yan mata na kasar 

### Littattafai

* *Yin tafiya tare da inuwa* (2005) na Jude Dibia 
* *A ƙarƙashin itatuwan Udala* (2015) na Chinelo Okparanta
* Pet (2019) na Akwaeke Emezi
* *[[The Death of Vivek Oji (littafi)|Mutuwar Vivek Oji]]* (2020) ta Akwaeke Emezi
* *[[Vagabonds! (Littafi))|Masu yawo!]]*  (2022) na Eloghosa Osunde
* *Sa'an nan kuma Ya rera Lullaby* (2023) na Ani Kayode Somtochukwu 
*  (2024) ta Chukwuebuka Ibeh

### Fim din

* We Don't Live Here Anymore (2018), fim din wasan kwaikwayo wanda Tope Oshin ya jagoranta kuma The Initiative For Equal Rights ya tallafawaShirin Don Hakki Daidaitawa
* A karkashin Rainbow (2018), fim din Pamela Adie 
* Walking with Shadows (2019), daidaitawa da littafin 
* *[[Ife|Ifé]]* (2020), gajeren fim na Pamela Adie
* The Legend of the Underground (2021), fim din Amurka
* Dukkanin Launuka na Duniya Tsakanin Black da White (2023), fim din wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya
* 14 Years And a Day (2023), fim din wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na Uyaiedu Ikpe-Etim da Ayo Lawson 

### Mujallu

* A Nasty Boy, mujallar kayan ado da aka kafa a cikin 2017 

## Ra'ayoyin Jama'a
Shugabannin Pentecostal a cikin Najeriya suna "yi wa'azi da sauri game da luwadi".

Makarantu da jami'o'i a Najeriya suna inganta jima'i na tilas. Daliban LGBTQ galibi suna fuskantar "ƙin yarda, zalunci, da zalunci" daga duka dangin da hukumomin makaranta, tare da fitar da wasu daga makarantu da jami'o'i. Nazarin ya kuma sami mummunan hali ga al'ummar LGBTQ tsakanin jaridu, masu karatu, da ma'aikatan zamantakewa a Najeriya.

Wasu kungiyoyi a Najeriya suna ƙoƙarin taimakawa mutanen LGBTQ, kamar Ikilisiyar Metropolitan Community . Haɗin kai da waɗannan ƙungiyoyi na iya sanya mutane cikin haɗarin tashin hankali ko cin zarafi.

## Masu neman mafaka
Tsayar da Dokar hana auren jinsi guda a Najeriya ba wai kawai ta haramta auren jinsi guda ba har ma ta haramta bayar da shawarwari na LGBTQ, tarurruka, da kuma nuna soyayya ga jama'a. Wannan dokar ta tilasta wa 'yan Najeriya da yawa na LGBTQ neman mafaka a kasashen waje, gami da Amurka. Masu neman mafaka galibi suna ambaton tsoron tashin hankali, ostracism, da tasirin shari'a a karkashin dokokin duniya da Shari'a. Masu fafutuka sun kuma jaddada muhimmiyar tasirin kiwon lafiya da tattalin arziki na dokar, saboda tana hana samun damar yin amfani da ayyukan Rigakafin cutar kanjamau kuma tana tilasta wa mutane da abokan LGBTQ su bar aikinsu a cikin kiwon lafiya na al'umma da ilimi.

Kungiyoyi irin su Housing Works a Brooklyn suna ba da muhimmiyar tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTQ daga Najeriya, suna taimakawa tare da wakilcin shari'a, gidaje, da kuma samun damar kula da lafiya. Masu neman mafaka suna fuskantar kalubale har ma bayan sun tsere daga Najeriya, gami da raunin ƙaura, kunya ga al'umma, da damuwa ga dangin da ke cikin haɗari a gida. Ga wasu, damar rayuwa a bayyane ta ragu ta hanyar ci gaba da tsoron da ake yi niyya ko fallasa ƙaunatattun su ga lahani.

## Manazarta