Anna Petronella van Heerden

Anna Petronella van Heerden (1887-1975), ita ce macen Afrikaner ta farko da ta cancanci zama likita. Rubuce-rubucenta, wanda ta sami digiri na uku a cikin shekarar 1923, ita ce ta farko da aka rubuta ta likitancin Afirka . Ta yi aiki a matsayin likitan mata, ta yi ritaya a 1942. Ta kuma yi aiki a rukunin likitocin Afirka ta Kudu lokacin yakin duniya na biyu.

## Ilimi da aiki
An haifi Van Heerden a ranar 26 ga Afrilu 1887 a Baitalami, Jihar Kyauta ta Orange .   Iyayenta sune Francois Willem van Heerden da Josephine Ryneva Beck Horak. Ita ce ta tsakiya tare da babban ɗan'uwa Alexander Charles da ɗan'uwana Frankie. 

Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Huguenot a Wellington da Kwalejin Victoria a Stellenbosch . Ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Amsterdam daga 1908 zuwa 1915 inda ta kammala digirin ta na likitanci.   Van Heerden ya yi aiki a matsayin mai horarwa a *Volkshuishospitaal* a Bloemfontein a cikin 1916 kuma yana da nata aikin a Harrismith daga 1917. Ta ƙware a fannin ilimin mata a Landan daga 1921 kafin ta koma Amsterdam don kammala karatun digiri na uku.  Bayan ta sami digirin digirgir a 1923 tare da kasida mai suna ** (a Turanci: Abin da ake kira adenoma na ovary ), ta koma Cape Town inda ta yi aiki a matsayin likitan mata . Van Heerden ya yi aiki a ƙungiyar likitocin Afirka ta Kudu a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu kuma a cikin 1942 ta yi ritaya daga aikinta. 

## Sauran abubuwan sha'awa

### Siyasa
Ta yi aiki a babban kwamitin jam'iyyar Cape National Party a shekarar 1924 kuma ta taka rawar gani a cikin takaddamar tutar ƙasa. Ta kuma yi yaƙin neman zaɓen mata  kuma ta kasance memba a Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Mata (WEL). 

### Archaeology
A cikin shekarar 1931 Van Heerden ya shiga cikin tona asirin a Wadi el Maghara a Dutsen Karmel a Falasdinu wanda Dorothy Garrod ya jagoranta. 

### Labarai
Van Heerden ya wallafa rubutun tarihin kansa guda biyu, *Kerssnuitsels* (1962) ( *Candle Snuffings* ) da *Die sestiende koppie* (1965) ( *Kofin na sha shida* ),   da sauran ayyukan, ciki har da: *Waarom Ek 'n Sosialis Is*  ) ( *Me ya sa nake zama Socialist Gelagre* *)* (1969) ( *Bishiyar Iyali na Iyalin Van Heerden* ) da *Dames XVII* (1969) ( *Ladies XVII* ).

Abubuwan tunawa da Van Heerden sun sami ɗan kulawar ilimi har sai bayan 2000. Tun daga nan aka yi wasu nazarce-nazarce na ayyukanta masu iyaka. Lizelle Smit ta gabatar da kasida ta masters a kan "Rubutun Rayuwar Matan Afirka ta Kudu" a cikin 2015  kuma wasu batutuwan da suka shafi Van Heerden da aka rufe a cikin wannan binciken sune: 1) dabarar da ta yi na bayanan tarihin tarihin rayuwa don isar da batutuwa masu mahimmanci ga Afrikaner-matasan lokacin; 2) yadda ta canza yanayin gabatar da al'amuran mata da kuma ainihin jima'i na 'yan madigo, musamman ma ganin cewa Afirka ta Kudu ba ta yarda da kasancewar 'yan madigo ba a yawancin rayuwar Van Heerden; da 3) sukar ta na rashin daidaiton jinsi.  

## Daga baya rayuwa
Van Heerden ta yi amfani da wasu daga cikin rayuwarta bayan ta yi ritaya tana aiki a wata gona inda take kiwon shanu. Ana yawan ganin ta a kasuwar gwanjon shanu, tana taka rawar gani, abin da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba ga wata mace a wancan lokacin a Afirka ta Kudu.   Van Heerden bai yi aure ba kuma ta mutu a Cape Town a ranar 10 ga Janairu 1975. 

## Manazarta