Stephen Wurm

**Stephen Adolphe Wurm** (An haife shi 19 ga watan Agusta, 1922 – 24 ga watan Oktoban 2001) masanin harshen kasar Austaraliya ne, haifaffen ɗan ƙasar Hungaria.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Wurm a Budapest, yaro na biyu ga Adolphe Wurm mai magana da Jamusanci da Anna Novroczky mai magana da Hungarian. An yi masa baftisma Istvan Adolphe Wurm. Mahaifinsa ya mutu kafin a haifi Stephen.

Iyayensa biyu suna da harsuna da yawa, kuma Wurm ya nuna sha'awar harsuna tun yana ƙarami. Ya halarci makaranta a Vienna kuma ya yi tafiya zuwa dukkan sassan Turai a lokacin yaro, Wurm ya yi kusan harsuna tara a lokacin da ya kai girma, kyautar da ya gaji daga mahaifinsa, wanda ya yi magana 17. Wurm ya ci gaba da sanin akalla harsuna 50.

## Ayyuka
Wurm ya girma ba tare da wata ƙasa ba, ba zai iya ɗaukar ƙasar ko dai iyayensa ko ƙasar da yake zaune ba, Austria. Wannan ya ba shi damar kauce wa aikin soja kuma ya halarci jami'a. Ya yi nazarin Harsunan Turkic a Cibiyar Gabas ta Tsakiya a Vienna, inda ya sami digirin digirinsa a fannin ilimin harshe da ilimin zamantakewar al'umma a shekarar 1944 don yin rubutu a kan Uzbek.

A shekara ta 1946, ya auri abokin karatunsa Helen Groger-Wurm, ƙwararre a fannin ilimin Afirka. Ya koyar da ilimin harshe na Altaic a Jami'ar Vienna har zuwa 1951.

Bayan karanta wasu ayyukan Sidney Herbert Ray, Wurm ya zama mai sha'awar yarukan Papuan kuma ya fara rubutu tare da Arthur Capell, malami a ilimin harshe a Jami'ar Sydney. Wurm ya fara koyar da kansa Tok Pisin da Hiri Motu daga littattafai kuma ya ɗauki matsayi a London.

A shekara ta 1954, Wurms sun koma Ostiraliya, inda Capell ya shirya wa Wurm wani matsayi a Sashen Anthropology a Jami'ar Sydney. A shekara ta 1957, Wurms sun koma Canberra, inda Stephen ya ɗauki matsayi a matsayin Babban Fellow a cikin Makarantar Bincike ta Pacific da Nazarin Asiya (RSPAS, yanzu Makarantar Coral Bell ta Harkokin Asiya Pacific) a sabuwar Jami'ar Kasa ta Australia (ANU). A wannan shekarar, Wurms sun sami 'yancin Australiya. Tun daga wannan lokacin, babban abin da aka mayar da hankali ga binciken Wurm shine nazarin harsunan New Guinea, amma kuma ya gudanar da bincike kan Harsunan Aboriginal na Australiya da yawa.

A Jami'ar Kasa ta Australia, ya kasance Farfesa na Harshe daga 1968 zuwa 1987. 

## Daraja da karbuwa
An zabi Wurm a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Jama'a a Ostiraliya a 1976  da kuma Kwalejin Humanities ta Australiya a 1977.  An nada shi memba na Order of Australia a cikin girmamawar ranar haihuwar Sarauniya ta 1987, don "hidima ga ilimi, musamman a fagen ilimin harshe".

## Kyauta
Don girmamawa ga ilimin mutumin, mujallar Oceanic Linguistics ta lakafta wani labarin a kan Wurm "Linguist Extraordinaire".

Don nuna godiya ga gudummawar da Wurm ya bayar, an kaddamar da kyautar Stephen Wurm Graduate Prize for Pacific Linguistic Studies a shekara ta 2008. 

## Bayanan littattafai ==
** Wurm, S.A. edita. *Harsunan yankin New Guinea da nazarin harshe, Vol. 1, Harsunan Papua da yanayin harshe na New Guinea*. C-38. 1975.  ya kamata a yi amfani da shi:
** Wurm, S.A. edita. *Harsunan yankin New Guinea da nazarin harshe, Vol. 2, Harsunan Austronesian*. C-39. 1976.  ya kamata a yi amfani da shi:
** Wurm, S.A. edita. *Harsunan yankin New Guinea da nazarin harshe, Vol. 3, Harshe, al'adu, al'umma, da duniyar zamani*. C-40. 1977.  ya kamata a yi amfani da shi:
* Wurm, SA da Laycock, DC editoci. *Nazarin harshe na Pacific don girmama Arthur Capell* . C-13, xii + 1303 shafuka. Pacific Linguistics, Jami'ar Kasa ta Australia, 1970.  ya kamata a yi amfani da shi:
* Wurm, SA "Babi na 6: Iyali na Harshen Kiwaian". A cikin Franklin, K. edita, *Yanayin harshe a cikin Gundumar Gulf da yankunan da ke kusa, Papua New Guinea*. C-26:217-260. Pacific Linguistics, Jami'ar Kasa ta Australia, 1973.  ya kamata a yi amfani da shi:
* Wurm, S.A. edita. *Nazarin harshe na Australiya*. C-54, xvi + shafuka 770. Pacific Linguistics, Jami'ar Kasa ta Australia, 1979.  ya kamata a yi amfani da shi:
* Wurm, SA *Harsuna: Gabas, Yamma, da Kudancin Highlands, Yankin Papua da New Guinea*. D-4, + shafuka 1,000. Pacific Linguistics, Jami'ar Kasa ta Australia, 1961.
* Wurm, S.A. edita. *Taswirar harshe na lardunan tsaunuka*, Papua New Guinea. D-11, iv + shafuka 24. Pacific Linguistics, Jami'ar Kasa ta Australia, 1978.  ya kamata a yi amfani da shi:
* Wurm, S.A. edita. *Wasu Harsunan da ke cikin Hadari na Papua New Guinea: Kaki Ae, Musom, da Aribwatsa* . D-89, vi + shafuka 183. Pacific Linguistics, Jami'ar Kasa ta Australia, 1997.

## Manazarta