Kisan Jayne MacDonald

**kisan Jayne MacDonald** wani lamari ne na kisan yara na Burtaniya wanda ya fara ne daga watan Yunin 1977 inda aka kashe wata yarinya mai shekaru 16 ta hanyar haɗuwa da bugawa da wuka a Chapeltown, Leeds, yayin da take tafiya gida daga wani maraice tare da abokai. An yi saurin danganta kisan da ta ga jerin kisan da wani Mai kisan gilla da aka sani da **[[Peter Sutcliffe|Yorkshire Ripper]]** ya aikata.

Kodayake masu bincike sun yi imanin cewa mai kisan MacDonald ya kai hari da / ko ya kashe akalla mata bakwai a cikin shekaru biyu kafin mutuwarta, halin nuna ƙyamar mata da jima'i na zamani tsakanin jami'an 'yan sanda da al'umma gabaɗaya sun jagoranci' yan sanda da kafofin watsa labarai su rarraba wadanda aka azabtar da Ripper a matsayin masu karuwanci da "yan mata masu kyau". Saboda haka, masu bincike sun yi imanin cewa mai aikata laifin ya yi kama da mata na takamaiman ka'idojin jima'i da laifuka - kodayake batun da aka kara, ci gaba da bincike - ya sami matsakaiciyar ɗaukar hoto a duk faɗin ƙasar.

Kisan MacDonald ya haifar da babbar fargabar jama'a kuma ya tilasta Babban Kwamishinan 'Yan sanda na Yammacin Yorkshire, Ronald Gregory, ya nada babban mai bincike a matsayin kwamandan binciken don kama mai aikata laifin.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Jayne Michelle MacDonald a Leeds a ranar 16 ga watan Agusta 1960. Ita ce ta farko cikin yara uku da aka haifa wa Wilfred da Irene (née Sutcliffe) MacDonald, tare da 'yar'uwa, Debra, an haife ta a 1961 da ɗan'uwa, Ian, an haifi ta a 1964. MacDonald tana da 'yan uwan juna biyu - tagwayen Carole da Janet - daga auren mahaifiyarta na farko. Mahaifinta ya yi aiki a British Rail kuma mahaifiyarta mai kula da gida ce. Iyalin sun kasance kusa, kuma suna zaune a cikin wani gida mai kyau a Scott Hall Avenue a cikin gundumar Chapeltown ta Leeds.

MacDonald ta girma ta zama yarinya mai kyau kuma sananniya wacce ke jin daɗin rawa kuma a wasu lokuta tana samun kuɗi a tsakiyar shekarunta ta hanyar kula da yara ko yin ayyukan gida.  Abubuwan sha'awa na farko sun haɗa da rawa, wasan motsa jiki da kiɗa; ta kasance mai sha'awar Bay City Rollers kuma, kodayake "Rollermania" ya ragu sosai a Burtaniya ta 1977, har yanzu ta kasance mai fafatawa kuma tana da hotunan da yawa na ƙungiyar da ke yin ado da bangon ɗakinta. Bugu da ƙari, ko da yake mai laushi, ƙarami, kuma kyakkyawa, a ranar haihuwarta ta goma sha shida, tana da saurayi ɗaya kawai kuma ta dakatar da dangantakar kafin ta zama ta jiki.

### Aiki
A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1977, MacDonald ta kammala karatunta a Makarantar Sakandare ta Allerton .  Ba da daɗewa ba, ta sami aiki na cikakken lokaci a matsayin mataimakiyar tallace-tallace a babban kantin sayar da kayayyaki na Grandways a kusa da Roundhay Road, inda da sauri ta zama sanannen ma'aikaci tsakanin abokan aikinta. Ta fara biyan iyayenta kashi ɗaya cikin ɗari na kuɗin da take samu a kowane mako, kodayake yawancin sauran albashinta an kashe su ne a kan tufafi. Yawancin ayyukan zamantakewar MacDonald sun faru ne a daren Asabar, lokacin da ta saba zuwa wasan motsa jiki ko zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo a Cibiyar Merrion tare da abokai.

### Yuni 1977
A Ranar Uba ta 1977, MacDonald da 'yan uwanta sun sayi kyaututtuka da yawa ga mahaifinsu, gami da kofin azurfa da aka rubuta 'Mahaifin Duniya Mafi Kyawu', wanda ya sanya a kan mantlepiece sama da ɗakin wuta. A mako mai zuwa, MacDonald ta koyi abokan aikinta sun shirya haduwa da yin hulɗa a tsakiyar birnin Leeds a wannan Asabar da yamma. Kamar yadda ba ta taɓa yin hulɗa da abokan aikinta ba a waje da lokutan aiki, ta zaɓi shiga cikinsu.

Kamar yadda aka shirya, a yammacin 25 ga Yuni 1977, MacDonald ya sadu da abokai da abokan aiki a Hofbrauhaus, mai sayar da giya na Jamusanci a Leeds. Tana sanye da rigar gashin gashin gashi mai launin shudi, gashin goge gashin gogi mai launin shuɗi da fari, jaket na rani mai tsawon kugu, da takalma masu tsayi. Mahaifinta daga baya zai tuna Jayne ya sumbace shi "cheerio" yayin da ta bar gidan iyali kuma cewa 'yarsa ta kasance "kusan tana cike da kyakkyawan fata da farin ciki na rayuwa".

## Kisan kai
A cewar abokan aiki, MacDonald ta shafe yawancin lokacinta a Hofbrauhaus tana magana da sanannun, sauraron kiɗa, da rawa. Da misalin karfe 10:30 na yamma, MacDonald da aboki, mai shekaru 18 mai suna Mark Jones, sun yi tafiya daga wurin zuwa Briggate, inda ta ba da shawarar su biyu su sayi wasu kwakwalwa. A lokacin da su biyun suka sami shagon kifi da guntu kuma sun ci sayen su, MacDonald ta rasa bas dinta na karshe a gida. Jones sai ya yi tafiya tare da MacDonald zuwa gidansa, wanda ke kusa da Asibitin Jami'ar St James, a kan alkawarin cewa idan 'yar'uwarsa ta kasance a gida, za ta "ba da [MacDonald] ɗagawa" zuwa gida.&nbsp;

Ba a ajiye motar 'yar'uwar Jones a waje da gidansa ba; saboda haka, biyun sun ci gaba da tafiya tare da Beckett Road a kan hanyar Chapeltown, inda kamfanonin biyu suka rabu a filin makaranta kusa da ƙofofin asibitin, bayan sun shirya don saduwa a mako mai zuwa. Jones daga baya zai kiyasta lokacin da su biyu suka rabu wani lokaci ne bayan 1:30 na safe.&nbsp;

MacDonald ta fara tafiya tare da Chapeltown Road, inda ta wuce mashaya ta Hayfield kafin ta juya hagu zuwa Reginald Street. Yorkshire Ripper ya kai mata hari da misalin karfe 2 na safe yayin da take tafiya ta wuce filin wasa na kasada; mai kisan ta ya buge ta sau ɗaya a bayan kwanyar ta, sannan ya ja jikinta yadudduka ashirin cikin duhu na filin wasa, inda ya kara ta a kan kai kafin ya soke ta sau ɗaya cikin baya kuma akai-akai a cikin kirji. Wanda ya kashe ta da gangan ya ja rigarta sama don fallasa cinyarta ta sama kafin ya gudu daga wurin.&nbsp;

Da karfe 9:25 na safe, yara biyu sun shiga filin wasa tsakanin Reginald Street da Reginald Terrace. Minti kaɗan bayan haka, sun gano jikin MacDonald yana kwance a fuska kusa da bango mai zubar da shara a gefen filin wasa. An gano jikinta ta hanyar abubuwan da ke cikin jakarta, kuma wani dangi ya gano ta daga baya a wannan rana.

### Binciken gawa
Masanin ilimin cututtukan gida Farfesa David Gee ne ya gudanar da jarrabawar MacDonald Bayan mutuwa. Binciken jikinta ya nuna cewa ta sami raunuka uku masu rauni a bayan kanta tare da guduma kafin mai kisan ta ya fallasa jikinta da gangan kafin ya yi masa rauni da yawa a jikinta na sama da baya, tare da raunukan kirjin da aka yi masa akai-akai ta hanyar wannan yanka, wanda ya sa diamita na waje na ɗaya daga cikin raunukan ya karu. MacDonald ba ta mutu ba har sai an yi wa wasu raunuka da yawa a jikinta. Wani kwalban gilashi da ya karye tare da maɓallin da aka haɗe an saka shi sosai a cikin ciki.  Mutuwa ta faru tsakanin tsakar dare da karfe 3 na safe.&nbsp;

Shaidar jiki a wurin aikata laifuka da kuma jikin MacDonald ya ba masu bincike damar tantance abubuwan da suka faru game da kisan MacDonald. Ruwan jini a kan titin da ke waje da ƙofar filin wasa ya nuna cewa an buge ta a kai yayin da take tafiya a kan titun Reginald, wanda ya sa ta faɗi ƙasa kafin mai kisan ta ja jikinta kusan yadudduka ashirin cikin duhu na filin wasa, inda ya buge ta a kan kai a wurin da jikinta ya kwanta, sannan ya ja ta a saman kafin ya yi mata raunuka a wuyanta, sannan ya juya jikinta da fuska a kafaɗarta.

## Haɗi zuwa Yorkshire Ripper
Raunin da aka samu a kan MacDonald da jikinsa, tare da wurin da aka kai harin, da sauri ya danganta kisan ta da jerin da wani mutum da aka sani da 'yan sanda da manema labarai a matsayin Yorkshire Ripper,  wanda ya kai hari kan akalla mata bakwai a West Yorkshire a cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata - hudu da suka mutu.  Koyaya, saboda halayen al'umma na zamani, masu bincike sun yi imanin cewa yawancin wadanda aka kashe a baya sun yi niyya ne daga mai aikata laifin saboda salon rayuwarsu. Yawancin maganganun jama'a na zamani daga manyan masu bincike da ke da hannu a cikin farautar don kama mai cin hanci bayan kisan MacDonald sun nuna imanin su cewa, kamar yadda Chapeltown ya kasance Gundumar jan haske na Leeds, mai cin hancin ya yi kuskuren gaskata MacDonald karuwa ce. 

Kamar yadda MacDonald ke da shekaru goma sha shida kawai, kwanan nan ya bar makaranta, kuma a bayyane yake ba shi da lalata ko kuma ya shiga karuwanci, mutuwarta ta haifar da kukan jama'a,  tare da korafe-korafe da suka haifar da kira ga maido da hukuncin kisa a Ingila da kuma sabuntawa daga 'yan sanda na West Yorkshire don kama mai aikata laifin. Ba da daɗewa ba, Babban Kwamishinan 'Yan sanda na Yammacin Yorkshire, Ronald Gregory, ya nada babban jami'in sa don jagorantar binciken don kama mai aikata laifin.

Gregory ya nada George Oldfield, wani mutum mai shekaru 31 da ya samu tare da 'yan sanda na West Yorkshire, don jagorantar binciken. Oldfield - sa'an nan mataimakin shugaban 'yan sanda - ya nuna sunansa a fili game da kama Yorkshire Ripper. 

### Bincike na farko
Binciken farko na 'yan sanda game da mutanen da suka kasance a kusa da titin Reginald - hanya mai cike da mutane a karshen mako - sun gano mutane ɗari uku da tamanin da suka wuce ko suka yi tafiya a kan titin a farkon sa'o'i na 26 ga Yuni. Dukkanin sai dai ashirin an gano su ko kuma sun zo gaba don kawar da kansu daga binciken 'yan sanda. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan mutane ashirin ne kawai ke tsaye shi kaɗai kusa da ƙofar filin wasa na kasada; ya kasance "mai ƙarfi" fari namiji. Bugu da kari, daya daga cikin mazaunan titin Reginald ya kuma kasance mai tsananin cewa ta ji bugun, gwagwarmaya da kuma wani mutum mai sauti na Scotland yana ihu daga kusa da filin wasa a lokacin da aka kiyasta mutuwar MacDonald. Wannan mutumin kuma ba a taɓa gano shi ba. An kuma kafa lambar wayar tarho da ba a san ta ba kuma an yada ta sosai don karfafa shawarwarin jama'a da ba a sani ba daga mutanen da ke zargin asalin mai aikata laifin. Wannan sabis na atomatik ya haifar da daruruwan jagora, kodayake babu wanda ya ambaci ainihin mai aikata laifin.

A watan Satumba, bincike game da kisan MacDonald ya ga mazaunan gidaje ɗari shida da saba'in da tara a kusa da titin Reginald da aka yi hira, tare da kusan bayanan shaidu 3,700 da aka dauka. Koyaya, masu binciken ba su kusa da kama mai aikata laifin ba kamar yadda suka kasance a farkon binciken Ripper kimanin makonni tamanin da takwas da suka gabata.

## Kama wanda ya aikata laifin
Ba a kama Yorkshire Ripper ba har sai 2 ga Janairun 1981. An kama shi ne a Broomhill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, bayan binciken 'yan sanda na yau da kullun da wani dan sanda ya yi bayan an lura da shi yana tafiya a kan hanya kuma wanda ya nuna motarsa tana da lambobin lambobi na ƙarya.

An tura shi zuwa Dewsbury washegari, mutumin, Peter Sutcliffe, ya yarda da cewa ya sace lambobin daga wani sharar gida. Daga nan aka tambaye shi dangane da shari'ar Ripper, wanda ya musanta duk wani laifi. A wannan maraice, daya daga cikin jami'an biyu da suka kama Sutcliffe ya koma wurin da aka kama shi, inda ya gano guduma da wuka da Sutcliffe ya watsar a ƙarƙashin wasu bishiyoyi a bayan tankin ajiyar mai yayin da yake yin fitsari nan da nan kafin a kama shi.

### Bayyanawa
Bayan sa'o'i da yawa na tambayoyi masu zurfi a yammacin 4 ga Janairu, Sufeto John Boyle ya sanar da Sutcliffe cewa wani jami'in ya dawo da wuka da guduma a wurin da aka kama shi da yamma. Bayan jin waɗannan wahayi, Sutcliffe ya yi shiru kamar yadda Boyle ya kara da cewa: "Ina tsammanin kuna cikin matsala, matsala mai tsanani. " A mayar da martani, Sutcliffe ta nuna cewa ya san abin da Boyle ke nunawa kafin ya bayyana cewa shi ne ainihin Yorkshire Ripper.[1] Ya yi iƙirarin cewa an sami sauƙi cewa an kama shi, ya kara da cewa da ya kashe yarinyar da ke cikin motarsa idan ba a kama shi ba.[1]￼

A cikin sa'o'i goma sha bakwai masu zuwa, Sutcliffe ya furta kisan kai goma sha uku da yunkurin kisan kai bakwai. An tuhume shi da waɗannan laifuka a ranar 5 ga Janairu. 

### Tabbatar da shi
An gurfanar da Sutcliffe a gaban Alkalin Sir Leslie Boreham a Old Bailey a watan Mayu na shekara ta 1981, wanda ake tuhuma da kisan kai goma sha uku da yunkurin kisan kai bakwai. An same shi da laifin aikata laifuka ta hanyar yanke Hukuncin mafi rinjaye na 10 zuwa 2 a ranar 22 ga Mayu. An yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai tare da shawarar cewa zai yi akalla shekaru talatin a kurkuku.

Bayan hukuncin Sutcliffe, mahaifiyar MacDonald, Irene, ta bayyana burinta cewa ba a soke hukuncin kisa a Ingila ba. Ta yi kuka cewa tana fatan Sutcliffe ya je gungumen azaba kuma yana fatan cewa wasu fursunoni za su sanya kowane minti na lokacin da yake kurkuku jahannama mai rai a gare shi.

## Manazarta