The Goose that Laid the Golden Eggs

" **Akuya da ta Sanya Ƙwai na Zinare** " ɗaya ne daga cikin Tatsuniyoyin Aesop, mai lamba 87 a cikin Perry Index, labarin da ke da wasu kamance-kance na Gabas. Wasu labarai da yawa sun ƙunshi geese waɗanda ke yin ƙwai na zinare, kodayake wasu sigar suna canza su zuwa kaji ko wasu tsuntsayen da ke yin ƙwai na zinare. Labarin ya haifar da karin maganar 'kashe akuya da ke yin ƙwai na zinare', wanda ke nufin lalata wata albarkatu mai mahimmanci, ko kuma wani aiki mara riba da kwadayi ya haifar.

## Labari da ɗabi'a
Avianus da Caxton suna ba da labarai daban-daban game da akuya da ke yin ƙwai na zinare, inda wasu nau'ikan suna da kaza,  kamar yadda yake a cikin Townsend : "Wani ɗan gida da matarsa suna da kaza da ke yin ƙwai na zinare kowace rana. Sun yi zaton cewa kaza dole ne ta ƙunshi babban dunƙule na zinare a cikinta, kuma domin su sami zinaren sai suka kashe ta. Bayan sun yi haka, sai suka ga abin mamaki cewa kaza ba ta bambanta da sauran kajin ba. Wawayen biyu, waɗanda ke fatan su zama masu arziki a lokaci guda, sun hana kansu ribar da aka tabbatar musu kowace rana." 

A cikin labaran farko, wani lokacin akwai gargaɗi game da kwadayi maimakon ɗabi'a mai rauni. Wannan haka yake a cikin tatsuniyar Jean de La Fontaine ta *La Poule aux oeufs d'or* (Fables V.13),  wanda ya fara da ra'ayin cewa 'Kwadayi yana rasa duka ta hanyar ƙoƙarin kowa don samun' kuma a ƙarshe ya yi tsokaci cewa labarin za a iya amfani da shi ga waɗanda suka zama matalauta ta hanyar ƙoƙarin isar da kansu. Sai daga baya ne ɗabi'un da aka fi ambato a yau suka fara bayyana. Waɗannan su ne 'Kwadayi yakan kai kansa' (Joseph Jacobs, 1894)  da kuma 'Much yana son ƙari kuma yana rasa duka' ( Samuel Croxall, 1722).  Abin lura kuma shine waɗannan labaran ne da aka ba da labarin akuya maimakon kaza.

Karin maganar Ingilishi "Kada a kashe akuya mai yin ƙwai na zinariya",  wani lokacin ana taƙaita ta zuwa "kashe akuya mai zinariya", ya samo asali ne daga wannan tatsuniya. Ana amfani da ita gabaɗaya don aikin da ba a gani ba wanda ke lalata ribar kadarori. Sigar labarin Caxton ta sa mai akuya ya buƙaci ya yi ƙwai biyu a rana; lokacin da ya amsa cewa ba zai iya ba, mai shi ya kashe shi.  Darasin iri ɗaya ne aka koyar ta hanyar tatsuniyar Ignacy Krasicki ta "The Farmer" daban-daban:

 
Akwai wani nau'in labarin, wanda Syntipas ya rubuta (Perry Index 58) kuma ya bayyana a cikin littafin Roger L'Estrange na 1692 wanda ya ce "Mace da Kaza Mai Kiba" (Lamari na 87): *Wata kyakkyawar mace tana da Kaza da ke kwantar mata da ƙwai kowace rana.* *Yanzu tana son kanta, cewa idan aka ba ta ƙarin Masara, za a iya kawo wannan Kazar a lokacin kwanciya sau biyu a rana. Ta gwada Gwajin; amma Kazar ta yi ƙiba, ta kuma yi watsi da kwanciya* . Sharhinsa kan wannan shi ne 'ya kamata mu sanya iyaka ga sha'awarmu, mu kuma gamsu da kanmu lokacin da muke lafiya, saboda tsoron rasa abin da muke da shi.' Wani daga cikin tatsuniyoyin Aesop tare da ɗabi'ar son ƙari da rasa komai shine *Kare da Kashi* .

## Misalan Gabas
An sami wani kwatancen Gabas a cikin *Suvannahamsa Jataka*,  wanda ya bayyana a sashe na huɗu na littafin addinin Buddha na ilimin addinin sufanci ( *Vinaya* ). A cikin wannan, uban wani iyali mai talauci ya sake haifuwa a matsayin swan mai gashin zinare kuma ya gayyace su su cire kuma su sayar da gashin fuka-fukansa guda ɗaya don su tallafa wa kansu, yana dawowa lokaci-lokaci don ya ba su damar sake yin wani. Uwar iyali mai kwadayi daga ƙarshe ta cire dukkan gashin fuka-fukan a lokaci guda, amma sai suka juya ga gashin fuka-fukan yau da kullun; lokacin da swan ta dawo da gashin fuka-fukansa, su ma ba su zama zinare ba.  Abin da aka zana a wurin shine:
 
Arewacin Indiya, a yankin Sogdiana na Farisa a da, shine sigar labarin Girkanci da aka sani. Daga cikin zane-zanen bango na ƙarni na 8 a Panjakent, a lardin Sugdh na yammacin Tajikistan, akwai wani kwamiti daga ɗaki na 1, sashe na 21, wanda ke wakiltar jerin abubuwan da ke motsawa daga dama zuwa hagu inda zai yiwu a fara gane mutumin da farko a cikin aikin duba ƙwai na zinare sannan daga baya a kashe dabbar don samun ƙarin ƙwai, kawai don fahimtar wauta na ra'ayinsa a ƙarshen jerin. Sigar labarin gida har yanzu tana ci gaba a yankin amma ta ƙare daban da babban halin daga ƙarshe ya zama sarki. 

A cikin *Mahabharata* an ba da labarin tsuntsayen daji da suka tofa zinare, kuma wani mutum ya gano su nan da nan ya shaƙe su "saboda kwadayi". 

## Amfani a cikin zane-zane
An sanya rubutun Faransanci a matsayin na huɗu na Rudolf Koumans ' *Vijf fabels van La Fontaine* don mawaƙa da ƙungiyar makaɗa ta yara (Op. 25 1968). Yassen Vodenitcharov (1964-) ya ƙirƙiri wasan opera na chamber daga labarin (2004) kuma Vladimir Cosma ya haɗa da waƙar a matsayin na tara a cikin *Eh bien. !* *Dansez maintenant* (2006), fassarar mai sauƙi ga mai ba da labari da ƙungiyar makaɗa a cikin salon foxtrot . 

Yawancin zane-zanen "The Goose that Laid the Golden Kwans" suna nuna manomi yana cikin fidda rai bayan ya gano cewa ya kashe akuya ba tare da wani dalili ba. Hakanan yana ɗaya daga cikin tatsuniyoyi da dama da aka yi amfani da su ga batutuwan siyasa ta mai zane-zanen Amurka Thomas Nast . An rubuta a cikin Harpers Weekly na Maris 16, 1878. A can hoton manomi mai ruɗani, wanda wani 'Dan Kwaminisanci' ya ba da shawara, ya yi nuni ga yajin aikin jirgin ƙasa na 1877. Manomi yana wakiltar membobin ƙungiyar kwadago masu siyasa waɗanda matarsa da 'ya'yansu ke baƙin ciki a baya.

Tambari biyu na kuɗin aikawa suma sun nuna tatsuniyar. Tatsuniyoyin yara na Burundi na 1987 sun yi amfani da hoton Gustave Doré na manomi mai baƙin ciki yana riƙe da gawar akuya da aka yanka (duba sama).  Daga baya tatsuniyar ta bayyana akan ƙimar pence 73 daga wani shirin Jersey wanda ke bikin cika shekaru 100 na Hans Christian Andersen a 2005, kodayake "Akuya da ta Sanya Ƙwai na Zinare" ba ta taɓa kasancewa a cikin labaransa ba. 

## Manazarta

* *Tatsuniyoyin Aesop*, sabuwar fassara daga VS Vernon Jones (London: W. Heinemann, 1912), shafi.&nbsp;2.