Canjin yanayi a Alberta

Canjin yanayi a Alberta yana shafar mahalli da masana'antu daban-daban, gami da noma.

## Rashin iskar gas
Ya zuwa shekara ta 2008, bangaren wutar lantarki na Alberta shine mafi yawan carbon a cikin dukkan larduna da yankuna na Kanada, tare da jimlar fitarwa na tan miliyan 55.9 na CO2 daidai a shekara ta 2008, wanda ya kai kashi 47% na duk fitarwa na Kanada a cikin bangaren samar da wutar lantarki da zafi. [sabuntawa da buƙatu]

A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2015, Firayim Minista Rachel Notley ta bayyana shirye-shiryen kara harajin carbon na lardin zuwa $ 20 a kowace tan a shekara ta 2017, yana karawa zuwa $ 30 a kowace tan ta shekara ta 2018. Wannan canjin manufofi ya zo ne saboda kin amincewa da bututun Keystone XL, wanda firaministan ya kwatanta da "kick in the teeth". Sabbin manufofin yanayi na lardin sun hada da fitar da tashoshin wutar lantarki da ke amfani da kwal a shekara ta 2030, da kuma rage hayaki na methane da kashi 45% a shekara ta 2025.

## Tasirin canjin yanayi

### Ruwa
Za a rage samar da ruwa saboda raguwar dusar ƙanƙara a cikin duwatsu.

## Amsa
Alberta yana da kafa "Shirin Ayyukan Canjin Yanayi",  wanda aka saki a cikin 2008. Ƙimar Ƙirar Gas na Ƙirar Gas a Alberta ta sanya shi ikon farko a Arewacin Amirka don samun farashin carbon a cikin 2007.   kuma an sabunta shi zuwa 2017 tare da ƙara yawan stringency. Yana buƙatar "manyan hayaƙi na ƙarshe", wanda aka ayyana azaman wuraren da ke fitar da sama da 100,000&nbsp;t CO 2 eq a kowace shekara, don biyan buƙatun raguwar haɓakar hayaƙi wanda ke ƙaruwa akan lokaci kuma yana ƙaruwa a 12% a cikin 2015, 15% a cikin 2016 da 20% a cikin 2017. Kayan aiki suna da zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don yarda. Za su iya yin ragi a haƙiƙa, biyan kuɗi cikin Asusun Kula da Canjin Yanayi da Watsawa (CCEMF), siyan ƙididdigewa daga wasu manyan masu fitar da hayaki na ƙarshe ko siyan ƙididdigewa daga waɗanda ba manyan iskoki na ƙarshe ba ta hanyar ƙididdigewa.  Ƙwararru game da tsarin da aka yi da ƙarfi ga farashin carbon sun haɗa da gaskiyar cewa babu wani ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙira. Fa'idodin tsarin tushen ƙarfi sun haɗa da gaskiyar cewa yayin koma bayan tattalin arziki, raguwar ƙarfin carbon zai kasance daidai da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙalubale, yayin da madaidaicin madaidaicin yakan zama cikin sauƙi, ba shi da mahimmanci kuma ba sa aiki don rage hayaƙi. An kuma soki Alberta da cewa manufofinta sun yi rauni matuka, kuma matakan da aka dauka ba za su iya cimma burinsu ba. A cikin 2015, sabuwar gwamnatin da aka zaba ta yi niyyar sake duba dabarun sauyin yanayi.  

### Shari'a

#### Dokar Gudanar da fitarwa da Dokar Tsayayya da Yanayi
 
A karkashin Dokar Gudanar da Wutar Lantarki da Dokar Resilience na Yanayi, ana buƙatar kamfanoni, waɗanda suka wuce wasu ƙididdigar fitar da hayaki, don biyan kuɗin carbon.

A cikin 2023, an yi wa Dokar gyare-gyare don sauƙaƙe shi da kuma cire wani tsohon tanadi don tsawaita tabbacin bashi.

A cikin 2023, an gabatar da tuhume-tuhume 25 a karo na farko a karkashin Dokar, a kan wani kamfanin carbon offset, bisa ga cewa kasuwancin ya ba da bayanan karya da suka shafi carbon offsets. Daga baya aka ci tarar ma'aikaci $ 10,000.

#### Dokar Harajin Man Fetur
 
Dokar Harajin Man Fetur ta aiwatar da harajin man fetur na $ 0.09 a kowace lita akan man fetur, dizal, kerosene, biodiesel da aka sayar a Alberta da kuma $ 0.02 a kowace lita carbon haraji akan man fetun jirgin sama.

Alberta tana da mafi ƙarancin harajin man fetur a kan man fetur ta hanyar iko a Kanada a shekara ta 2008.  Babu wani ƙuntatawa a kan tushen ethanol don harajin ya yi amfani da shi, ba kamar sauran larduna ba.

A cikin 2022, Firayim Minista na Alberta ya ba da sanarwar cewa Gwamnati za ta dakatar da karbar harajin man fetur, don rage farashin rayuwa.

#### Dokar Kasuwancin Carbon da Adanawa
 
Dokar Kashewa da Adana Kudin Carbon ta ba da $ 2,000,000 na kudade don kama carbon da ci gaban adanawa. Dokar ta ba da kuɗin $ 223,000,000 don Alberta Carbon Trunk Line, wanda shine mafi girman aikin kama carbon da adanawa a duniya a lokacin ginin.

An soki Dokar saboda mummunar tasirin da take da shi ga 'yan asalin ƙasar.

#### Dokar Aiwatar da Shugabancin Yanayi
 
Jam'iyyar New Democratic Party ta Alberta ta aiwatar da harajin carbon gaba ɗaya.

A lokacin, gwamnatin NDP ta bayyana cewa 'yan adawar Wildrose Party ba su yi imani da canjin yanayi da mutum ya yi ba, suna mai lura da hakan. Angela Pitt, memba na majalisar dokoki, ya kira "unicorn farts" kuma Jam'iyyar Wildrose ba ta taɓa tsara wani shiri na rage hayakin gas ba.  Mai sukar kudi Derek Fildebrandt ya bayyana "fargitsi" game da canjin yanayi.  Kodayake shugaban Jam'iyyar Wildrose ya ki amincewa da wannan, kuma ya ce jam'iyyar ta yi imani da canjin yanayi da mutum ya yi.

Dokar ta ba da ragi ga yawancin 'yan ƙasa.

A cikin 2016, dubban mutane sun yi zanga-zanga game da harajin carbon.

Farashin farko na harajin carbon ya kasance $ 20 a kowace tan.

**Dokar da za ta soke harajin carbon**
 
Jam'iyyar United Conservative Party ta yi alkawarin soke wasu fannoni na harajin carbon na lardin a Zaben lardin Alberta na 2019.  Kaddamar da harajin carbon ya kuma haifar da shakku game da yadda za a tallafa wa ayyukan kamar Energy Efficiency Alberta.

Dokar ta soke harajin carbon na lardin.

Daga baya ga wucewar dokar, ya zama mai yiwuwa ga gwamnatin Kanada ta sanya harajin carbon na tarayya, wanda bai sami amincewar majalisa ba tukuna.

#### Alberta Sovereignty A cikin Dokar Kanada ta Tarayyar
A karkashin Alberta Sovereignty A cikin Dokar United Canada, gwamnatin Alberta ta ba da shawarar cewa ba za ta bi dokar fitar da hayaki ta tarayya ba, wanda aka soki shi kamar yadda zai iya zama ba bisa ka'ida ba. An gabatar da yunkurin yin amfani da Dokar a hukumance ga ƙimar fitar da hayaki ta tarayya a cikin 2023.

An soki amfani da Dokar a matsayin ba da daɗewa ba saboda ya faru kafin a saki ka'idojin tarayya.

## Manazarta