Nellie Wong

**Nellie Wong** (an Haife ta 12 Satumba 1934) mawakiyar amurka ce kuma mai fafutuka don dalilan na mata da gurguzu  Wong kuma memba ce mai aiki a Jam'iyyar Ƴancin Socialist Party da Mata masu tsattsauran ra'ayi .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Wong a Oakland, California ga baƙi 'yan China. Mahaifinta ya yi hijira zuwa Oakland a shekarar 1912. Wong wata mawaƙi ce ta Ba'amurke, ɗan mata, kuma mai ra'ayin gurguzu wacce ta shirya da kuma shiga ƙungiyoyin fafutuka da ke aiki don samar da ingantacciyar yanayi ga mata, ma'aikata, da tsiraru. 

A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, dangin Wong sun yi aiki a wani kantin sayar da kayan abinci a Berkeley .  Haɗin kai na maƙwabtanta na Amurkawa na Japan ya bar babban tasiri ga ci gabanta na tunani, yana wayar da kan ta game da batutuwan wariyar launin fata da damuwa na Amurkawa Asiya . Iyalin sun karɓi $2,000 don fara gidan abinci, Babban China, a Chinatown ta Oakland, inda Wong ta yi aiki a matsayin mai hidima a lokacin ƙuruciyarta.   Ta halarci makarantar gwamnati, ta kammala karatun sakandare daga Oakland High School, kuma ta fara cikakken aiki a matsayin sakatare na Kamfanin Bethlehem Steel Corporation, matsayin da ta rike har zuwa 1982. Daga baya ta yi aiki a matsayin babban manazarci a cikin ingantaccen aiki a Jami'ar California, San Francisco (UCSF).

Yayin da take tsakiyar 30s, Wong ta fara nazarin rubuce-rubucen kirkire-kirkire a Jami'ar Jihar San Francisco (SFSU) kuma ta fara rubutawa da buga waƙoƙinta . Wong ta yaba wa abokan karatunta na mata a SFSU tare da ƙarfafa rubutun ta. Wani farfesa namiji ya taɓa gaya mata cewa ta jefar da wata waƙar fushi da ta rubuta. Wani abokin karatunsa ya ce mata, "Ba sai ki saurare shi ba!" 

Yayin da yake ɗalibi a Jami'ar Jihar San Francisco, Wong ya shiga cikin harabar Ƙungiyar Mawallafin Mata, wanda ya shirya game da batutuwa na launin fata, jima'i, da kuma aji. A cikin ƙarshen 1970s, tare da marubutan matan Amurka na Sinawa Nancy Hom, Genny Lim, Canyon Sam, Kitty Tsui da Merle Woo, Wong sun kafa tare da tsara ƙungiyar adabin mata da wasan kwaikwayon Unbound Feet.   Ƙungiyar ta yi wasan kwaikwayo a kwalejoji, jami'o'i, da cibiyoyin al'umma. A wannan lokacin ta ci karo da mambobin kungiyoyi biyu masu ra'ayin gurguzu na mata masu ra'ayin gurguzu, Matan Radical da Jam'iyyar 'Yanci ta 'Yanci, kuma a cikin 'yan shekaru sun shiga cikin sahu.

A shekarar 1983, Wong ta yi balaguron farko na mata marubutan Amurka zuwa kasar Sin, wanda kungiyar abokantakar jama'ar Amurka da Sin ta dauki nauyinsu tare da Tillie Olsen, Alice Walker, Paule Marshall .  Hakanan a cikin 1983 ta kasance babbar mai shirya kwamitin tsaro na Merle Woo. Woo, wata 'yar madigo Ba'amurke dan asalin Koriya-China, ta shigar da kara a kan tsohuwar ma'aikaciyarsu tana zargin an kore su ba bisa ka'ida ba bisa nuna wariya. Yin aiki tare da wasu Jam'iyyar 'Yancin Socialist Party da 'Yan Mata masu tsattsauran ra'ayi, Wong ya tara kudade da wayar da kan al'amarin.  An ci nasara a shari'a biyu a kan wanda ake tuhuma.

Daga 1983 zuwa 1985 Wong ya koyar da rubuce-rubucen wakoki a Kwalejin Mills a Oakland da kuma rubuce-rubucen wasan kwaikwayo a Kamfanin Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Asiya na Amurka a San Francisco. 

A cikin shekarun 1980s da 1990, Wong ta kasance babbar mai magana a yawancin tarukan ƙasa da na yanki, ciki har da mata da ra'ayoyin mata na duniya na uku, mata masu adawa da wariyar launin fata, da Ƙungiyar Nazarin Mata ta ƙasa. Ta karanta wakokinta a China, Cuba, Ostiraliya, da kuma ko'ina cikin Amurka, ta kuma halarci baje kolin da suka shafi aiki, adabin Amurkawa, da kuma wakoki. Bugu da ƙari, Wong ya koyar da karatun mata a Jami'ar Minnesota da rubuce-rubucen waƙa a Kwalejin Mills a Oakland, California.

A cikin 2019, Wong, Genny Lim da Flo Oy Wong sun fara yin wasa tare a matsayin The Last Hoisan Poets, suna gudanar da karatun wakoki na musamman a cikin Ingilishi da Hoisan-wa (wanda kuma aka sani da Taishanese, yaren Sinanci na Yue wanda ya fito daga Taishan, Guangdong) don girmama yaren mahaifiyarsu wanda ke cikin haɗarin dusashewa daga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya gabaɗaya. 

An shigar da sassan biyu daga cikin waƙoƙinta na dindindin a matsayin alluna a wuraren jama'a a Titin jirgin ƙasa na Municipal San Francisco . Ta sami kyaututtuka daga Gidauniyar Mata (San Francisco), Jami'ar California, Santa Barbara 's Asian American Faculty and Staff Association, da San Francisco -based Kearny Street Workshop, a multidisciplinary art gama . Ta yi shekaru da yawa a matsayin mai tsara yankin Bay na Jam'iyyar 'Yanci ta 'Yanci, kuma har yanzu tana aiki tare da jam'iyyar, Matan Radical, da Bay Area United Against War. A halin yanzu tana zaune a San Francisco.

## Aiki
Don bikin zagayowar ranar haihuwarta na 90th, mawaki kuma mai fafutuka Nellie Wong tarin wakoki na biyar, *Babu Komai Kamar 'Yanci*, wanda HoongHoongLookLook Press ya buga, ya haɗu da shekarun da suka gabata na aikinta na ban mamaki, tare da aikin da ya wuce 1970s zuwa yanzu (2024).  Kundin wakoki na farko na Wong, *Dreams in Harrison Railroad Park* (1977), Kelsey Street Press ne ya buga. Wannan littafi ya bi ta cikin bugu huɗu kuma shine mafi nasara fitowa a tarihin Kelsey Street Press. Sauran lakabinta sune *Mutuwar Long Steam Lady* (1986), wanda West End Press da *Sata Lokacin* (1997) suka buga. Ayyukanta sun bayyana a kusan 200 anthologies da wallafe-wallafe. 

Wong ta rubuta kai tsaye daga rayuwar aikinta; ta ce "Yawancin wakoki na sun fito ne daga wurin aiki; a nan ne na fuskanci yawan jima'i da wariyar launin fata." Sauran jigogi sun haɗa da tarihin danginta da asalin Asiya ta Asiya, game da abin da ta ce, "Na damu da tushen al'adun Asiya da kuma yadda kuma dalilin da ya sa suka zo nan [...] Abu ne da kowane dangin Asiya ya dandana." Waƙarta ta ƙunshi batutuwan mata, yaƙi da wariyar launin fata, rashin adalci a wurin aiki, da gano ainihin marubuci kuma mai fafutuka. 

A cikin 1981, Wong ya shiga tare da Mitsuye Yamada a cikin fim ɗin Documentary Mitsuye & Nellie, Mawakan Asiya na Amurka, wanda Allie Light da Irving Saraf suka samar. Fim din ya ba da labarin abubuwan da suka faru da wahalhalun da suka shafi marubuta da iyalansu. Muhimmin abin da fim din ya mayar da hankali a kai shi ne yadda yakin duniya na biyu da harin bam na Pearl Harbor ya karfafa ra'ayin rarrabuwar kawuna na Japanawa a matsayin "mummunan" Asiya, yayin da ake kallon Sinawa a matsayin "mai kyau" Asiya. "Ba za a iya faɗi ba," ɗaya daga cikin waƙoƙin Wong da ke karantawa a cikin fim ɗin, ta nuna ƙoƙarin marubucin don fahimtar dalilin da yasa ake tura maƙwabtanta na Japan zuwa sansanonin horarwa lokacin da ita da danginta, a matsayin 'yan China Ba'amurke, an ɗauki 'yan ƙasa masu kishin ƙasa.

Fim ɗin ya kuma nuna musayar ra'ayi tsakanin Wong da 'yan'uwanta, yana nuna farin ciki na 'yar uwarta, Li Keng, kuma marubuciya, [1] da ƙanwarta, Flo Oy Wong, mai zane-zane na shigarwa . Ɗan'uwanta, William Wong, ɗan jarida ne kuma marubucin Jarida mai Jarida: Watsawa daga Asiya ta Asiya .

Ana ajiye takardunta a Gidan Tarihi na Kabilanci da Al'adu da yawa na California .  A cikin 2022, ta sami lambar yabo ta Reginald Lockett Lifetime Achievement Award daga PEN Oakland .

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

### Littattafai

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### Sauran

* *When I Was Growing Up*, autobiographical poem
* *In search of the self as hero: confetti of voices on New Year's night*, (1983).  (First&nbsp;ed.). Watertown, Massachusetts: Persephone Press. pp.&nbsp;. ISBN&nbsp;.
* *For an Asian woman who says my poetry gives her a stomachache*, (1988). *The forbidden stitch: an Asian American women's anthology*. Corvalis, Oregon: Calyx. pp.&nbsp;86–87.
* *Broad shoulders*, (1989). . Boston: Beacon. pp.&nbsp;. ISBN&nbsp;.
* *Moving to her new house*, and *We go as American tourists*, (1988). *An ear to the ground: an anthology of contemporary American poets*. Athens: University of Georgia Press. pp.&nbsp;303–304.
* *A woman at the window*, (1991). *Images of women in literature* (Fifth&nbsp;ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin. pp.&nbsp;556–557.
* *So near, so far*, *My Chinese love*, *Unwritten letter*, *Reverberations*, *Give me no flowers*, *Where is my country*, *When I was growing up*, and *Away from the blue swans*, (1991). *Chinese American powerty: an anthology*. Santa Barbara, California: Asian American Voices. pp.&nbsp;202–214.
* *Socialist Feminism*, (1991). . Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. pp.&nbsp;. ISBN&nbsp;.
* *Dreams in Harrison Railroad Park*, *Can't tell*, *On thinking of photographing my fantasies*, *On Plaza Garibaldi*, and *Picnic*, (1993). . New York: Doubleday. pp.&nbsp;. ISBN&nbsp;.
* *Relining shelves* and *Toward a 44th birthday*, (1993). *No more masks! An anthology of twentieth-century American women poets, newly revised and expanded*. New York: HarperPerennial. pp.&nbsp;245–247.
* Wong, Nellie. "Praise Song for a Dead Girl." *Seeds of Fire: Contemporary Poetry of the Other U. S. A.*, edited by Jonathan Andersen. Smokestack Books, 2008. p. 155.
* *A poem of solidarity for the striking Liverpool dockers and the women and the waterfront*, *LabourNet UK*. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
* *Exploring common differences*, *Miss Saigon: money calls a racist tune*, and *You were born*, (1999). . Seattle: Red Letter Press. pp.&nbsp;–29, 73–75, 154–155. ISBN&nbsp;.
* *Can't tell*, (2000). . Berkeley ; San Francisco: Heyday ; California Historical Society. pp.&nbsp;.

## Manazarta

## Kara karantawa

* Moraga, Cherríe, da Anzalduá Gloria. *T gadarsa ta kira Rubutun Baya na ta Mata masu launi* . SUNY Press, 2015.
* *Ƙirƙirar Waƙa: Ƙididdigar Norton Na Siffofin Waƙa.* Mark Strand da Eavan Boland ne suka gyara (New York: WW Norton da Kamfanin, 2000).
* Bita na *Lokacin Sata.* Cindy Lum ya sake dubawa. *Hawai Pacific Review.* Juzu'i na 13 (1999), Jami'ar Hawaii Pacific, Honolulu, HI.
* *Ruhohin Juyin Juya Hali: Bayanan Bayani na Masu fafutuka na Asiya Pacific na Amurka,* na Dana Kawaoka, Babban Tasirin Nazarin Amurka, Yuni 1, 1998.
* *Mitsuye & Nellie, Mawakan Asiya na Amurka.* Allie Light & Irving Saraf. Mata Suna Yin Fina-Finai. 1981. 58 min.
* *Akan Matan Da Ke Cika Shekaru 60: Rungumar Zaman Cika.* Tambayoyi da daukar hoto ta Cathleen Rountree (New York: Littattafan Harmony, 1997).
* *Mata: Hotuna da Haƙiƙa, Ƙwararren Al'adu da yawa.* Edited by Amy Kesselman, Lily D. McNair, Nancy Schniedewind (Mountain View, CA:, Mayfield Publishing Company, 1995).
* *Wani Jin Jini Yazo.* Edita ta Annie Finch (Brownsville, KO: Latsa Layin Labari, 1994).
* *Littattafan Asiya ta Amirka: Ƙididdigar Littafi Mai Tsarki.* King-kok Cheung da Stan Yogi ne suka gyara. (New York: Ƙungiyar Harshen Zamani na Amirka, 1988).
* *Jagora ga Adabin Mata a Duniya.* Claire Buck (Bloomsbury Publishing, 1994) ta gyara.
* *Mata Masu Sauya Amurka, 1963-1975.* Edited by Barbara J. Love (Champaign: Jami'ar Illinois Press, 2006).

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Jagora ga Takardun Nellie Wong a Tarihin  Kabilanci da Al'adu da yawa na California