open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ruth Broe

Ruth Broe (an haife ta ne a ranar 10 ga Disamba 1911 - 19 ga Agusta 1983) ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin mata na farko da suka shiga Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Amurka kuma ɗaya daga cikin mata uku na farko da suka kai matsayin Kanar a Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa. 

A shekarar 2013, Gidauniyar Al'adun Sojojin Ruwa ta ba wa Broe kyautar Kanar Julia E. Hamblet (saboda kara fahimtar tarihin mata sojojin ruwa). 

## Rayuwa da aikin soja
An haifi Ruth Hammond a ranar 10 ga Disamba, 1911 a Monongah, West Virginia, kuma ta shiga rundunar sojojin ruwa a shekarar 1943 lokacin da rundunar sojojin ruwa ta fara karɓar mata masu ɗaukar ma'aikata. A shekarar 1951, ta auri wani sojan ruwa, Richard W. Broe a Laguna Beach, California, kuma an tura su aiki a El Toro. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Ƙungiyar Mata Masu Yaƙi ta Ƙasa daga 1972 zuwa 1974.  A shekarar 1966, ta rubuta tare da *marubutan History of the Marine Corps Reserve* . Ta yi ritaya a 1971.

## Manazarta
Marine Corps Women's Reserve Band

Ƙungiyar Mata ta Marine Corps Reserve (MCWR Band) ƙungiyar sojoji ce ta Amurka Marine Corps, wacce ta yi aiki a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu . Ƙungiyar ta kasance a sansanin Camp Lejeune kuma ta ƙunshi membobi 43.

## Tarihi

Mata sun fara shiga USMC a watan Yulin 1943 kuma mawaka sun halarci horon daukar ma'aikata kafin a shigar da su cikin ƙungiyar. Manyan mawaka huɗu daga ƙungiyar mawakan Amurka da ke Marine Barracks, Washington, DC sun isa a watan Nuwamba don taimakawa wajen horar da wannan ƙungiyar mawakan da ke tafe.  Cikin watanni 2 da rabi, ƙungiyar ta ƙaru daga mambobi 15 zuwa 37. Zuwa 1944, wasu ƙungiyoyi sun kafa a cikin ƙungiyar, ciki har da ƙungiyar mawakan Dixieland da kuma ƙungiyar rawa. Baya ga ayyukanta a Camp Lejeune, ƙungiyar MCWR ta gudanar da rangadin yawon buɗe ido uku, biyu a lokacin yaƙin da kuma ɗaya a lokacin bayan yaƙin a matsayin bikin maraba da gida. Rangadinta na farko ya kasance a shekarar 1944 kuma a cikin gida, inda ta tsaya a sansanonin USMC da ke gabashin gabar teku kamar sansani a Chicago . Rangadin ya ɗauki fiye da wata guda kuma ya ƙunshi kade-kade da dama, faretin ban sha'awa, da shirye-shiryen rediyo guda 5 kacal. A ranar 14 ga Nuwamba, 1944, ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka faru na ƙarshe ya cika tare da zamanta na *sa'ar mafarki* ta mako-mako ta hanyar watsa shirye-shiryen President's Own Marine Band.     Charlotte Plummer Owen ce ta jagoranci ƙungiyar mawakan.

## Duba kuma
 

* Ƙungiyar Mawakan Sojojin Mata ta Kanada
* Ƙungiyar Sojojin Sama ta 404
* Ƙungiyar Sojojin Sama ta 543

## Manazarta
Petronel Nieuwoudt

Petronel Nieuwoudt mai kula da namun daji ne na Afirka ta Kudu. A shekara ta 2011, ta kafa wurin kula da tsarkakewar rhinoceros a Mpumalanga, Afirka ta Kudu. Ita ce mafi girma a duniya. Ita ce kuma babban jami'in zartarwa na tushe.[1]

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haife shi a cikin 1970s a wani gona na karkara a Roedtan, Limpopo, Nieuwoudt ya halarci Jami'ar Rand Afrikaans tsakanin 1988 da 1991. Mahaifinta ya gudanar da gonar; mahaifiyarta malama ce.

## Ayyuka
Niewoudt ya shiga sashen hulɗa da jama'a na Sashin Tsaro na Kudancin Afirka a cikin 1991,  kuma daga baya ya zama kyaftin.  Ta kafa The Game Capture School, wanda ke ilimantar da mutane kan kamawa, magani da gudanar da namun daji.

Daga bisani ta kafa Cibiyar Kula da namun daji ta Sondela, a Bela-Bela, wacce ke aiki daga 2005 zuwa 2007, sannan Cibiyar Kulawa da namun daji na Tamboti, a Mookoopong, tsakanin 2007 da 2010.

A shekara ta 2011, Petronel ta koma daga Limpopo zuwa Mpumalanga, inda ta kafa Care For Wild Africa, cibiyar farfadowa ga 'yan asalin Afirka wanda ya zama mafi girman wurin tsarkakewa a duniya. Wuri mai tsarki ya sami rhinoceros marayu na farko a shekara mai zuwa. Sauran hudu sun biyo baya jim kadan bayan haka.

A cikin 2014, Gidan shakatawa na Afirka ta Kudu ya gayyaci Petronel don kafa haɗin gwiwa don taimakawa wajen ceto, farfadowa da kare dabbobin marayu. Nieuwoudt ta kaddamar da rajistar masallacinta a matsayin kungiya mai zaman kanta.

## Bayanan da aka ambata

## Haɗin waje

* "KP: Me ya sa 'mahaifiyar rhino' Petronel jarumi ce" - BBC Radio 5, 20 Mayu 2019
Insook Bhushan

**Insook Bhushan** (an haife ta a matsayin **Na In-Sook** ; Fabrairu 17, 1952) 'yar wasan tennis ce ' yar asalin Koriya ta Kudu wacce ' yar Amurka ce . Ta kasance memba a ƙungiyar mata ta Koriya ta Kudu wacce ta lashe lambar tagulla a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1971. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1973, ta takaita ga rawar da "kyaftin ɗin da ba ta taka leda ba" ta ƙungiyar mata ta Koriya ta Kudu wacce ta lashe lambar zinare. A shekarar 1974, ta yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka, inda mahaifinta ya kafa kasuwancin shigo da kaya da fitar da kaya.  A shekara mai zuwa, ta auri mai ginin Shekhar Bhushan kuma a shekarar 1980 ta zama 'yar ƙasar Amurka. 

Tsakanin 1976 da 1991, Bhushan ta mamaye gasar cin kofin kasa ta Amurka, inda ta lashe kambun gasar a gasar mata ta 'yan wasa guda 11, ta lashe kambun gasar mata sau 11, ta lashe kambun gasar mata sau 8.  A shekarar 1977, ta lashe kambun gasar mata ta 'yan wasa guda a gasar US Open. 

Bhushan ta koma mahaifarta don gasar Olympics ta 1988, inda ta fafata a gasar tseren mata ta 'yan wasa ɗaya da ta mata biyu. Ta kuma fafata a gasar tseren mata ta 'yan wasa ɗaya a gasar Olympics ta 1992 kuma ta wakilci Amurka a gasar cin kofin duniya sau 6. Ta halarci gasar Pan American Games sau 3, inda ta lashe lambobin zinare 8 (ciki har da lambobin zinare 3 a jere a gasar tseren mata) da kuma lambar azurfa 1.

Bhushan ya yi ritaya daga gasar bayan gasar Olympics ta 1992 kuma an shigar da shi cikin USATT Hall of Fame a 1993. 

Bhushan tana da digiri a fannin lissafin kuɗi daga Jami'ar Colorado Denver  kuma tana aiki a matsayin akawu a Sashen Harkokin Sojoji da Tsoffin Sojoji na Colorado .  Tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu, Austin (an haife ta a 1980) da Kevin (an haife ta a 1985).

## Manazarta
Jasna Fazlić

**Jasna Rather** ( **wanda aka haifa** a ranar 20 ga Disamba, 1970) tsohuwar 'yar wasan tennis ce ta Amurka wadda ta buga wa Yugoslavia sannan ta buga wa Amurka wasa, inda ta fafata a gasar Olympics guda huɗu: a Seoul, gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1988, gasar Olympics ta bazara ta Barcelona, gasar Olympics ta bazara ta Sydney, da gasar Olympics ta bazara ta Athens ta 2004 bi da bi. 

## Halartar wasannin Olympics
A shekarar 1988, ta lashe lambar tagulla ga Yugoslavia a tseren mata biyu tare da Gordana Perkučin . Shekaru huɗu bayan haka ta fafata a matsayin ' yar wasan Olympics mai zaman kanta . A shekarun 2000 da 2004 ta shiga gasar Amurka.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Jasna ta zauna a Zagreb tsawon lokacin yarinta da ƙuruciyarta. Daga 1992 zuwa 1997, ta auri Ilija Lupulesku . Bayan rabuwa da Lupulesku a 1996, ta yi wasa a Japan na ɗan lokaci, sannan ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka. Bayan rabuwarta ta canza sunanta bisa doka zuwa Reed. Jasna ta yi aure a ranar 20 ga Agusta, 2009 zuwa William H. Rather IV, kuma ta canza sunanta na ƙarshe zuwa Rather. Jasna da William suna da 'ya mace ɗaya, Izabel Rather.

## Koyarwa
Tun daga shekarar 2006, ita ce Babbar Kocin Wasan Tennis na Tebur a Jami'ar Texas Wesleyan . Tun lokacin da aka fara shirin wasan tennis na tebur a Jami'ar Texas Wesleyan, ƙungiyar ta dawo da kambun ƙasa na kwaleji 69 a Texas a cikin ƙungiyoyi, ƙungiyoyi marasa aure da kuma ƙungiyoyi biyu.

## Aikin wasan tennis na tebur

* 1988, 1992, 2000, 2004 Gasar Olympics
* Lambar Tagulla ta Olympics ta 1988 (Seoul Korea)
* Zakaran Turai na 1988 da 1992
* Zakaran tseren mata na Amurka na 2003 da 2005
* An shigar da shi cikin Zauren Wasannin Tennis na Teburin Amurka a watan Disamba na 2011

## Manazarta
Shizuko Hoshi

**Shizuko Hoshi** ’yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta ƙasar Japan da Amurka, daraktan wasan kwaikwayo, mai rawa da kuma mai tsara rawa. An haife ta a Japan,  ta kammala karatun digiri a Kwalejin Mata ta Tokyo da Jami'ar Kudancin California . she is a graduate of Tokyo Women's College and University of Southern California.  Ta auri jarumi Mako, wanda ya kafa darektan fasaha na East West Players a Los Angeles, kuma ta yi aiki kafada da kafada da kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na Asiya-Amurka daga 1965 zuwa 1989.

## Sana'a
Shizuko Hoshi ta isa Amurka a shekarar 1957 kuma ta yi rajista a Jami'ar Kudancin California . Hoshi ta lashe gasar US Open ta mata ta 'yan wasa marasa aure a wasan tennis a 1958 da 1959. Ta daina buga gasar bayan aurenta da Mako. 

A lokacin da take a East West Players, Hoshi ta sami kyaututtuka da yawa saboda wasan kwaikwayo, darakta da kuma rawar da ta taka, ciki har da kyautar Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Award don Fim ɗin Wakako Yamauchi 's And the Soul Shall Dance,  da kuma kyaututtukan Drama-Logue Awards don Mafi Kyawun Darakta don Hokusai Sketchbooks, Asa ga Kimashita, A Chorus Line da Mishima .  Fim ɗinta sun haɗa da Memoirs of a Geisha, Come See the Paradise da M. Butterfly .

Ta fito a fim ɗin indie, *Charlotte Sometimes* kuma ta ba da labarin fim ɗin Kai Tsaye na fim mai suna *Visas and Virtue* wanda ya lashe kyautar Academy Award. Ta kuma fito a talabijin, a shirye-shiryen kamar *Chicago Hope* da *M*A*S*H** . A shekarar 1995, Hoshi ya jagoranci shirin farko na wasan barkwanci na Japan *mai suna The Fall Guy* a Broadway da ke birnin New York .

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Hoshi ya auri Mako har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekarar 2006. Suna da 'ya'ya mata biyu (dukansu 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ne) da kuma jikoki biyu. 

## Fim ɗin fim

## Bayanan kula

## Manazarta
Magda Gál

**Magda Gál** (Sunan Aure Házi) (1907 - 1990), 'yar wasan tennis ce ta ƙasar Hungary . 

## Aikin wasan tennis na tebur
Ta lashe kyautar gasar cin kofin Teburin Duniya mai kyau kuma ta sami lambobin azurfa takwas da lambobin tagulla goma sha biyu daga Gasar Cin Kofin Teburin Duniya ta 1929 zuwa Gasar Cin Kofin Teburin Duniya ta 1936.

Gál ta gaza samun lambar zinare saboda dalilai biyu; na farko, kasancewar ta samu damar cin nasara a kan Mária Mednyánszky da Anna Sipos, waɗanda suka lashe gasar zakarun duniya sau shida, kuma na biyu, yaƙin ya kawo ƙarshen damarta ta shiga gasar a matakin duniya. Duk da haka, ta ci gaba da bugawa a Amurka.  Ta kuma lashe kofuna biyu na gasar English Open .

## Rayuwa ta sirri
An haifi Gál a cikin dangin banki a shekarar 1907 a birnin Szeged.  kuma ita ce mace tilo da ta yi takara a ƙungiyar wasan tennis ta tebur a Jami'ar Szeged . 

Ta auri abokin wasanta na ƙasa da ƙasa Tibor Házi a shekarar 1937, kuma a shekarar 1939, suka gudu zuwa Amurka don gujewa kamawar Nazi Jamus saboda asalinsu na Yahudawa, kuma suka zauna a Bethesda, Maryland . Ta rasu a shekarar 1990 tana da shekaru 83 kuma Házi ta mutu a shekarar 1999. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin 'yan wasan tennis na tebur
* Jerin 'yan wasan da suka lashe kyautar gasar Tennis ta tebur ta duniya

## Manazarta
Aliu Gafar

**Aliu Oladele Gafar** (an haife shi a ranar 2 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 1986), wanda aka fi sani sa da Esusu, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Nollywood na Najeriya, furodusa, marubuci, mai shirya fina-finai da MC (Compere).

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Aliu Gafar a ranar 2 ga Yuni 1986 a Jihar Legas, Najeriya . Shi ɗan asalin Idere ne a yankin karamar hukumar Ibarapa ta Jihar Oyo, a kudu maso yammacin Najeriya. Shi Musulmi ne na Yoruba .  Saboda rasuwar mahaifinsa tun yana ƙarami, wannan yanayin ya kusan shafar karatunsa kuma ya tilasta masa ya zauna tare da danginsa daban-daban a wurare da yawa a rayuwarsa.

## Ayyuka
Sha'awar Aliu Gafar ga harkar wasan kwaikwayo ta fara ne tun daga makaranta. Malaminsa, Mista Esuola, ya gano baiwar da yake da ita kuma ya sanya shi a wasannin kwaikwayo na makaranta. Wannan fallasar da ya fara yi wa Aliu ta taimaka masa wajen haɓaka sha'awa, sha'awa da kuma ƙarfin hali don neman aiki.

A lokacin da yake zaune tare da dangi, ya shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo na coci.

Ya fara aikinsa na wasan kwaikwayo a shekarar 2000, lokacin da ya shiga Ogboluke da Jide Are, inda ya yi horo a matsayin jarumi. Ya ƙara wa ƙwarewarsa a wasan kwaikwayo da kuma allunan fim, sannan ya ci gaba da yin wasa a kan dandamali..

Ya fito a fina-finai da yawa, ciki har da Bakwai Doors (Esusu), Jagun Jagun: The Warrior, *Lisabi,* da Her Excellency .  

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Princess Astrid of Liechtenstein

Gimbiya Astrid ta Liechtenstein (an haife ta a ranar 13 ga Satumba, 1968) 'yar kasuwa ce ta Jamus, mai tattara zane-zane, kuma mai tsara kayan cikin gida. Ta auri Yarima Alexander na Liechtenstein, ɗan uwan Hans-Adam na II, a shekara ta 2003 kuma ta zama memba na dangin Princely na Liechtenstein .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Astrid Barbara Kohl a ranar 13 ga Satumba, 1968 a Regensburg ga Theodor Kohl, wani ɗan kasuwa ɗan ƙasar Jamus, da Ingrid Schlechta, wata mai tattara kayan fasaha ta Jamus.  Mahaifinta ɗan kasuwa ne wanda ya kafa kuma ya mallaki *Theodor Kohl KG* (wanda ke tattara kamfanonin *Kohlpharma* da *Th.Kohl* ), babban mai kera ƙirar magunguna na Jamus da kuma rarraba kayan aikin magunguna. 

Ta yi karatun tattalin arziki a Sorbonne .  Bayan kammala karatunta, ta yi aiki a wani asusun kuɗi a birnin New York .  Ta koma Turai don gudanar da kamfanin mahaifinta. 

A shekarar 1993, ta haɗu da Yarima Alexander na Liechtenstein, ɗan Yarima Philipp na Liechtenstein kuma jikan Franz Joseph na II, a Gstaad .  A ranar 24 ga Janairu, 2003, ita da Yarima Alexander sun yi aure a wani biki na farar hula a Vaduz . An yi bikin aurensu na Katolika, wanda Archbishop Wolfgang Haas ya jagoranta, a ranar 8 ga Fabrairu, 2003 a Salzburg .  Astrid ta sanya rigar aure ta Jean Paul Gaultier don bikin, kuma baƙi 300 sun halarci bikin na kwana uku. 

Ta haifi 'ya mace, Theodora Alexandra Isabella Antonia Nora Marie a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, 2004.

Astrid da mijinta suna da Villa Sant'Andrea, wani tsohon gidan ibada na Benedictine mai shekaru 1,000 wanda ke kallon Tafkin Garda kusa da Verona .  Gidajensu sun haɗa da eka saba'in da biyar na filin shakatawa, wuraren shakatawa, wurin waha, coci, gonar inabi, da gonar zaitun, da kuma gonar inabi.  Iyayenta, waɗanda suka sayi gidan don Astrid, sun zauna tare da su a gidan tsawon shekaru goma sha biyu.  Astrid mai tattara fasaha ce kuma tana adana tarin faranti na Meissen da gidanta. 

Ita da mijinta suna da kamfanin Pharmathek, wani kamfanin magunguna.  Astrid mai tsara kayan ciki ce kuma ta kafa Crown Designs, wacce ke sayar da kayan cikin gida masu tsada don shagunan sayar da kayayyaki da otal-otal.  Kamfanin zane-zanenta yana aiki a Argentina, Brazil, Kanada, China, Italiya, Mexico, Rasha, Saudi Arabia, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, da Amurka. 

## Manazarta
FK Transinvest

**Futbolo klubas Transinvest**, wanda aka fi sani da **FK Transinvest**, ko kuma kawai Transinvest, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Lithuania, da ke Galinė. Kulob din yana fafatawa a gasar TOPLYGA, babban wasan kwallon kafa na Lithuania. 

Lauyoyin kungiyar kore da fari ne. Kulob din yana buga wasa a filin wasa na FK Transinvest stadionas, da ke Galinė wanda ke da karfin 1,500.

## Daraja
*  **[[A lyga]]**
**  **Zakarun gasar** (0) : 
**  Na biyu (0) : 

* **Kofin Lithuania**
**  (1) : 2023
**  (0) : 

* **Gasar Kofin**
**  (0) : 
**  (0) : 

## Matsayin Lig
;FK Transinvest (*Futbolo klubas Transinvest*)

## Diddigin bayanai

## Sauran yanar gizo
* Tashar yanar gizo
* Facebook
* [ alyga.lt]
* SOCCERWAY
* Transfermarkt
* Globalsportsarchive
The Goat and the Vine

An ƙirga **Akuya da Itacen inabi** a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Tatsuniyoyin Aesop kuma an ƙidaya shi a lamba 374 a cikin Perry Index . Akwai kuma nau'in Yammacin Asiya .

## Tatsuniya da ire-irenta
Idan akuya ta fara cin ganyen inabi da ganyen inabi, itacen inabin yana mayar da martani cewa har yanzu tana da isasshen ruwan 'ya'yan itace da zai samar da inabi, wanda daga ciki za a zuba ruwan inabin a kai lokacin da aka yanka akuyar. Tarihin farko na tatsuniya yana cikin wani epigram na Leonidas na Tarentum, wanda ya rayu a yankin kudancin Italiya da Girkawa suka mallake a ƙarni na 3 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa.  Daga baya an samo asali daga Girkanci daga Yammacin Asiya, gami da wani epigram na Evenus na Ascalon wanda ya ƙunshi kawai martanin itacen inabi  da tarin labaran tatsuniyoyi na Aphthonius na Antioch .  A wani wuri a Turai ya fara bayyana a cikin tarin tatsuniyoyi na Latin daga yankunan Jamusanci, gami da *Esopi Appologi sive Mythologi* na Sebastian Brant  da waƙoƙi 150 bisa ga tatsuniyoyi na Pantaleon Candidus (1604).  Labarin ya fara bayyana ne kawai a cikin tarin tatsuniyoyi na Turanci a ƙarni na 19.

A zamanin da, akwai wani nau'in tatsuniya daban da ta bayyana a cikin bita daban-daban na labarin Ahiqar daga ƙarni na farko AD. A cikin sigar Larabci, barewa tana cin shukar madder, wanda ke barazanar cewa za a yi amfani da ita don yin fenti ga fatar akuya lokacin da aka kashe dabbar aka kuma yi mata fatarta. Madder ko wasu masu yin tanning sun yi irin wannan barazana a cikin sigar Syriac, Armenian da Slavonic na labarin, amma akuya ko barewa da ke cikin lamarin sun amsa cewa, yayin da wannan na iya faruwa a nan gaba, don yanzu yana buƙatar biyan buƙatarta.

## Manazarta
Louise Bachofen-Burckhardt

**Louise Elisabeth Bachofen-Burckhardt** (8 ga Oktoba, 1845 - 21 ga Fabrairu, 1920) ƙwararriyar mai ba da agaji ce ta ƙasar Switzerland . An san ta da tarin fasaharta da ta gada wa Kunstmuseum Basel da ke Switzerland. Kyautarta ta 1904 ta ninka tarin Old Masters na gidan tarihi sau biyu. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Bachofen-Burckhardt a shekara ta 1845 a Daig .  Ta auri masanin ilmin ɗan adam kuma masanin ilmin dabbobi Johann Jakob Bachofen yana da shekaru 25.  Mahaifinta ya mutu sakamakon kashe kansa, mahaifiyarta ta mutu a shekara ta 1853 lokacin da take da shekaru takwas, kuma uban mijinta, wanda ya kafa Basler Kunstverein, ya mutu shekaru goma bayan haka.  Ta rasu tana da shekaru 42.  Bayan mutuwar mijinta, ta faɗaɗa tarin fasaharsa tare da taimakon masanin tarihin fasaha na Jamus Wilhelm von Bode, da nufin sauya tarin fasahar jama'a na Birnin Basel.  

A cikin shekarun da suka gabata na rayuwarta, ta tattara kusan zane-zane 300 daga ƙarshen Tsakiyar Zamani zuwa ƙarni na 20, ciki har da ayyukan masu fasaha Bartolomeo Vivarini, Jan Breughel the Elder, Hans Memling,   Hans Schäufelin  da Lucas Cranach the Elder .  Wasu daga cikin abubuwan da ta saya, kamar *Saint Jerome in Penitence* na Hans Memling, an fara jayayya a kansu amma daga baya aka amince da su a matsayin manyan ayyuka. 

A shekarar 1904, ta bayar da dukkan ayyukan ga wata gidauniya da sunan mijinta marigayi, inda Kunstmuseum Basel ita ce kaɗai mai cin gajiyarta. Rudolf Burckhardt ne ya fara tattara tarin kayanta a shekarar 1907, wanda ya bayyana ayyukan da aka yi wa gidan kayan tarihin dalla-dalla. 

## Gado
Daga shekarar 2019 zuwa 2020, Kunstmuseum Basel ta gudanar da wani baje koli na musamman don girmama Bachofen-Burckhardt, shekaru 100 bayan mutuwarta.  

## Duba kuma

* Art Basel
* Basel

## Manazarta
María Josefa Huarte Beaumont

**María Josefa Huarte Beaumont** ko **mecenas; mai taimako; Maria Josefa Huarte Beaumont** (25 ga Mayu 1927 - 8 ga Fabrairu 2015) ƙwararriyar mai tattara kayan fasaha ce ta Sipaniya kuma mai taimakon jama'a. An san ta da bayar da gudummawar tarin kayan fasaha na zamani (da gini don sanya shi) ga Jami'ar Navarra .

## Rayuwa
An haifi Beaumont a Pamplona . Mahaifinta Felix Huarte ne wanda ya yi nasara a harkar gini. Mahaifiyarta ita ce Adriana Beaumont Galduroz. Ita ce ta uku a cikin 'ya'ya huɗu. Beaumont ta shafe lokaci tana tafiya tare da mijinta kuma tana ganin fasahar zamani da ke burge ta.

Ta yanke shawarar barin tarin kayanta ga Jami'ar Navarra a shekarar 2008 kuma ta ba wa mai zane Rafael Moneo umarni ya gina mata gida. Tarin kayan fasaha guda 48 ne masu fasaha goma sha tara suka tattara. Babban abin da aka mayar da hankali a kai shi ne fasahar zamani ta geometric ta masu fasaha na Spain amma akwai keɓancewa ga wannan.  Moneo ya yi tsokaci kan yadda Beaumont bai tsoma baki a cikin zane ba amma ya goyi bayan shawarwarinsa sosai.  Moneo ya zaɓi ƙirar zane don sabon ginin don kwaikwayon tarin. Ginin wani ɓangare ne na jami'ar amma an yi niyya ya zama cibiyar al'adu ga Pamplona. 

## Mutuwa da gado

Beaumont ta mutu a garinsu, Pamplona, a shekarar 2015. A watan Janairun 2015, Sarki Felipe VI ya buɗe Gidan Tarihi na Jami'ar Navarra kuma yana ɗauke da tarin kayan da ta bayar. Waɗannan manyan tarin kayan fasaha na zamani sun haɗa da ayyukan Pablo Picasso, Mark Rothko da Wassily Kandinsky . Tarin da ta bayar ya haɗa da ba wai kawai zane-zane ba har ma da dubban hotuna na manyan masu ɗaukar hoto tun ƙarni na sha tara. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Ta auri Javier Vidal, ba su da 'ya'ya.

## Manazarta
Katarzyna Branicka

Countess **Katarzyna Potocka, wacce** aka haifa a shekara ta 1825 &#x2013; 20 ga Satumba **,** 1907, ta kasance mace mai daraja 'yar Poland kuma mai tattara zane-zane.

## Rayuwar farko da zuri'a

An haife Katarzyna a gidan Branicki, ita ce ƙaramar ɗa ga Count Wladyslaw Gregorz Branicki (1782–1843) da Countess Rosa Potocka (1780–1862), memba na dangin Potocki .

Ta hanyar kakarta ta uba, Countess Aleksandra Branicka, ta kasance jikanyar Catherine Mai Girma . 

Tana da 'yan'uwa mata biyu da 'yan'uwa maza huɗu, babban cikinsu shi ne Bafaranshe da aka yi hijira, mai kuɗi kuma mai taimakon jama'a, Count Xavier Branicki .

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Ta auri ɗan uwanta na farko, Count Adam Józef Potocki a ranar 26 ga Oktoba, 1847 a Dresden, ɗan gidan Potocki .

Ma'auratan suna da 'ya'ya bakwai, maza biyu da mata biyar:

* Countess Róża Potocka (1849-1937), ta yi aure da farko ga Count Władysław Krasiński (1844-1873); ya yi aure na biyu Count Edward Aleksander Raczyński (1847-1926)
* Artur Władysław Potocki (1850-1890), ya auri Princess Roza Zofia Lubomirska (1860-1881)
* Countess Zofia Potocka (1851-1927), ta auri Count Stefan Zamoyski.
* Countess Marie Potocka (1855-1934), ta auri Count Adam Sierakowski (1846-1912)
* Countess Wanda Potocka (1859-1878), ta mutu ba tare da aure ba
* Count Andreas Potocki (1861-1908), ya auri Countess Christina Tyszkiewicz (1866-1952)
* Countess Anna Potocka (1863-1953), ta auri Count Xaver Branicki (b. 1864)

## Rayuwa
Chopin ya sadaukar da waƙarsa ta Waltz a cikin babban littafin A-flat a gare ta. Wannan ita ce waltz ta ƙarshe da Chopin ya buga a rayuwarsa.

An ce ta kasance kyakkyawar mace kuma abin da masu zane-zane da dama suka fi so, ciki har da a shekarar 1854, mai zane-zanen Jamus, Franz Winterhalter .

## Mutuwa
Countess Katarzyna ta mutu a ranar 20 ga Satumba 1907, tana da shekaru 81, a Powiat krakowski, Małopolskie . An binne gawarta a cikin dangin Potocki crypt Cocin St. Martin da ke Krzeszowice, Poland .

## Manazarta
Marguerite Charpentier

**Marguerite Charpentier** (an haife ta ne a ranar 1 Maris 1848 - 30 Nuwamba 1904) ƙwararriyar mai gyaran gashi ce kuma mai tattara zane-zane 'yar ƙasar Faransa wacce take ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin zakarun Impressionists, musamman Pierre-Auguste Renoir .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Marguerite Louise Lemonnier a birnin Paris ga Alexandre-Gabriel Lemonnier, mai yin kayan ado na gidan sarauta, da kuma Sophie Raymonde (wanda aka haifa a Duchâtenet) a shekarar 1871. A shekarar 1871, ta auri mawallafin Georges Charpentier kuma sun haifi 'ya'ya huɗu: Georgette, Marcel, Paul, da Jeanne.

A ranakun Juma'a daga tsakiyar shekarun 1870 zuwa farkon shekarun 1890, Charpentier ta gudanar da wani salon siyasa da adabi a gidanta inda ta gayyaci marubuta, masu fasaha, mawaka, 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, da 'yan siyasa. Daga cikin waɗanda suka halarta akwai marubuta waɗanda mijinta ya wakilta, ciki har da Gustave Flaubert, Alphonse Daudet, Guy de Maupassant, Théodore de Banville, Joris-Karl Huysmans, da Émile Zola . Masu fasaha da suka zo sun haɗa da masu fasaha na gargajiya kamar Carolus-Duran da Jean-Jacques Henner zuwa masu zane-zane kamar Édouard Manet, Claude Monet, Edgar Degas, Alfred Sisley, Gustave Caillebotte, da Pierre-Auguste Renoir . Sauran baƙi sun haɗa da mai sukar fasaha Théodore Duret, mai tattara fasaha Charles Ephrussi, mawakan Camille Saint-Saëns da Jules Massenet, da kuma jaruma Sarah Bernhardt .

Charpentier da mijinta sun tara ƙaramin tarin zane-zane masu mahimmanci, galibi daga masu zane-zanen Impressionist na Faransa. A shekara ta 1875, Charpentier ta sami zane-zanen Impressionist guda uku daga Renoir, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama ɗaya daga cikin masu tattara zane-zane na farko da suka sayi ayyukan Impressionist.  Renoir ta yi zane-zanen Charpentier da iyalinta da aka ba da umarni, har ma ta bayyana kansa a wani lokaci a matsayin "mai zane na sirri" na Charpentiers.  An yaba wa hoton Charpentier da 'ya'yanta biyu na 1878 a Paris Salon 1879, kuma marubuciya Marcel Proust ta ambaci wannan zanen a cikin kundin ƙarshe na sabon zagayen littafinsa *In Search of Lost Time* . 

A farkon shekarun 1880, kamfanin buga littattafai na Georges Charpentier ya fuskanci matsalolin kuɗi kuma an tilasta wa Charpentiers sayar da wani ɓangare na tarin fasaha.

Bayan Marguerite Charpentier ta mutu a shekarar 1904 da kuma Georges a shekarar 1905, 'ya'yansu da suka rage sun yi gwanjon sauran tarin kayan tarihi. Wasu daga cikinsu yanzu suna cikin manyan gidajen tarihi, ciki har da Gidan Tarihi na Orsay da Gidan Tarihi na Metropolitan.

## Yana aiki a cikin tarin Charpentier

* Paul Cézanne, **' (1866) 
* Edouard Manet, ''Yaƙin Kearsarge da Alabama'' (1864)
* Claude Monet, **' ( *The Ice Floes*, 1880)
* Pierre-Auguste Renoir, **' (1874)
* Pierre-Auguste Renoir, **' (1876)
* Pierre-Auguste Renoir, *Mme Georges Charpentier da 'Ya'yanta* (1878)
* Pierre-Auguste Renoir, *Mme Charpentier* (c. 1876)
* Pierre-Auguste Renoir, **' (1877)
* Pierre-Auguste Renoir, **' (1878)

## Manazarta
Francine Clark

**Francine Clark** (1876–1960) 'Yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Faransa, mai tattara zane-zane, mai kiwon dawaki, kuma mai taimakon jama'a.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
An haifi Francine Juliette Modzelewska a shekarar 1876 a Faransa ga wata uwa mara aure wadda ke aiki a matsayin mai gyaran tufafi. Francine ta canza sunan mahaifiyarta na Poland Modzelewska zuwa "Clary" a lokacin ƙuruciyarta.  Francine, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo tare da shahararren ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Comédie Française, ta bayyana a kan dandamali tare da Sarah Bernhardt a lokacin aikinta. 

Francine ta auri Sterling Clark na Singer Sewing Machine a shekarar 1919. Francine tana da 'ya mace, Viviane, daga wata dangantaka ta baya wadda ta zama tushen tashin hankali a tsakanin iyalan Clark. Babu ɗaya daga cikin sauran Clarks da ya halarci bikin farar hula na Francine da Sterling da aka gudanar a Faransa. Francine ta zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka washegari bayan bikin. Clarks sun ƙaura zuwa birnin New York suka kafa mazauninsu a wani gida mai ɗakuna goma sha takwas a kan titin Park Avenue, amma sun ci gaba da raba lokacinsu tsakanin Paris da birnin New York har tsawon rayuwarsu. Francine da Sterling "sun ƙaunaci juna," wani abokinsu ya rubuta daga baya, kuma sun yi sha'awar "babban jin daɗi ba tare da nuna isa ba, abinci mai kyau da ... na Bordeaux na da.

Francine da Sterling sun yi tsere dawaki a Amurka da Turai. A shekarar 1930, sun sayi eka arba'in da biyar a Normandy don kafa gonar dawaki, ban da gina babban gonar dawaki a Upperville, Virginia . 

Francine Clark ta mutu a shekarar 1960.

## Tattara zane-zane
Tare, Clarks sun ƙirƙiri tarin zane-zane, azurfa, sassaka, faranti, zane-zane, da kwafi tare da cikakken dogaro da hukunce-hukuncen kansu da dandanonsu. Kamar mijinta, Francine tana da sha'awar tattara zane-zane, tana ba ta ra'ayoyi lokacin da ma'auratan suka haɗu da dillalai. Sterling ya kira matarsa a matsayin "dutsen da ya dace da shi wajen yin hukunci a hotuna." Ya taɓa siffanta Francine a matsayin "alkali mai kyau, wanda ya fi ni kyau a wasu lokutan, kodayake na san ta tana yin kuskure saboda kyawawan abubuwa." 

A shekarar 1950, Clarks suka kafa Cibiyar Fasaha ta Sterling da Francine Clark a matsayin wurin zama na dindindin don tarin kayansu. A lokacin ginin, Sterling da Francine sun zauna a wani gida a harabar makarantar, suna kula da duk wani abu da ya shafi ginin farko na 1955.  An fara bude gidan tarihin ga jama'a a shekarar 1955.

## Manazarta
Daisy Hellmann

**Daisy Hellmann** (1890–1977) ta kasance mai kula da zane-zane na Vienna kuma mai tattarawa wanda 'yan Nazi suka tsananta mata saboda asalinta na Yahudawa.

## Rayuwar farko
Daisy Hellmann (née Steiner, an haife ta a Vienna a ranar 22 ga Afrilu 1890; ta mutu a ranar 5 ga Janairu 1977) ta kasance memba na ɗaya daga cikin manyan iyalan masu tallata fasaha a Vienna a kwata na farko na ƙarni na 20.  Mahaifinta shine Wilhelm Steiner da mahaifiyarta Eugenie (Jenny) Steiner (Pulitzer). A cikin littafinta, *Yaƙin Was Einmal*, Sophie Lillie ta bayyana rayuwar "Yahudawan Austria masu hazaka, masu nasara tsakanin yaƙe-yaƙe, mutanen da ba tare da togiya ba sun kasance membobin al'umma masu hazaka da nasara". Ɗaya daga cikin mutanen da ta bayyana ita ce Daisy Hellmann. 

Daisy ta auri Wilhelm (Willy) Hellmann na Vienna, wani fitaccen mai zane. 'Yan Hellmann suna zaune a Rathausstraße mai lamba 17 a gundumar farko ta Vienna, ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan ƙirar cikin gida na Oskar Strnad . 

Da yawa daga cikin kayan ɗakin kwanansu an tsara su ne ta hannun wanda ya kafa Vienna Workshop, mai zane a Austria Koloman Moser, "mai zane mai ban mamaki, mai zane a fannin yumbu, azurfa, kayan ado, kayan kwalliya, kuma musamman mai zane a fannin kayan daki".

## Mai tattara zane-zane, tsananta wa Nazi da ƙaura
Mai zane Egon Schiele abokin Hellmann ne na kud da kud, wanda ya sayi ɗaya daga cikin zane-zanensa, "Landscape at Krumau" daga gare shi jim kaɗan bayan an zana shi. Aikin ya tsaya a gidan Hellmann har zuwa Oktoba 1938 lokacin da 'yan Nazi suka kwace shi aka kuma sayar da shi a Vienna a 1942. Wolfgang Gurlitt ne ya sayi zane-zanen wanda ya sayar da shi ga Neue Galerie da ke Linz a watan Janairu 1953 inda ya kasance tsawon shekaru da yawa.  Sauran Schieles a cikin tarin su sun haɗa da Kleinkind (Baby) 

Daisy Hellmann ta gudu daga Nazis, ta isa Rio de Janeiro a shekarar 1940.

Mahaifiyarta, Jenny Steiner, mai kamfanin siliki kuma fitacciyar mai tattara kayan fasaha, ita ma ta gudu daga Vienna, ta bar tarin kayan tarihi na Schieles da suka haɗa da *Houses by the Sea* (1914) waɗanda suka shiga tarin kayan tarihi na Leopold a 1955.  Steiner ta mutu a New York a 1958.

## Da'awar Diyya
A ƙarshen shekarar 2002, bayan shekaru da dama ana ta cece-kuce, Birnin Linz ya yanke shawarar mayar da zanen 'Krumau, 1916' na Egon Schiele ga magada Daisy Hellmann.     Ba a san makomar sauran tarin ba.

Gidan Tarihi na Leopold ya sasanta batun diyya da magada Jenny Steiner, ciki har da 'yar Daisy, a shekarar 2012.  

Gidauniyar Fasaha ta Jamus ta Lost Art ta lissafa buƙatun neman zane-zane guda 29 da suka kasance a cikin tarin Wilhelm da Daisy Hellmann, ma'ana iyalin suna ƙoƙarin nemo su. 

## Duba kuma

* Kisan kare dangi a Austria
* Vugesta
* Jerin da'awar diyya ga zane-zanen da 'yan Nazi suka kwace

## Manazarta
Valerie Delacorte

**Valéria Hidvéghy** ko **Valerie Pascal Delacorte** (14 Yuni 1914 - 14 Yuli 2011) yar wasan Hungary ce.

## Rayuwa
An haifi Delacorte a Budapest kuma ta karya labulen ƙarfe don ta auri furodusan fim ɗin Gabriel Pascal . An fi saninta a yau saboda tarihin rayuwarsa na 1970, *The Almajirin da Shaidansa: Gabriel Pascal da Bernard Shaw* . A cikin wata wasiƙa da ta rubuta wa editan jaridar *The New York Times* a 1995, ta rubuta cewa halin Eliza a cikin siffar gimbiya Magyar a cikin " My Fair Lady " ya samo asali ne daga mijinta na farko. 

Bayan mutuwar Pascal ta auri George T. Delacorte, Jr. a shekarar 1959, kuma tare da shi ta zama mai taimakon jama'a da kuma kare wasiƙun Pascal da gadonsa. Ta kuma wuce wannan mijin na biyu, kuma a shekarar 1991, shekaru uku bayan mutuwarsa, ta bayar da gudummawarta ta farko ta dala miliyan 1 da zane-zane biyar na Old Master ga Gidan Tarihi na Norton . Jimilla, ta bayar da gudummawar zane-zane 60 ga gidan tarihi.

Delacorte ta mutu a gidanta da ke Palm Beach Gardens .

## Fim ɗin da aka zaɓa

* *Gidan Aro* (1937)
* *Wata Yarinya Ta Fita* (1937)
* *Tokay Rhapsody* (1937)
* *Marika* (1938)
* *Barbara a Amurka* (1938)
* *Rézi Friday* (1938)
* *An Kori Magda* (1938)
* *Mijin da aka yi wa tiyatar* (1938)
* *Baƙin Lu'u-lu'u* (1938)
* *Sannu, Peter!* (1939)
* *Biyar da Arba'in* (1939)
* *Gimbiya ta Puszta* (1939)
* *<nowiki/>'Yan Hussars na Bercsenyi* (1940)
* *Ƙarshen Vereczkeys* (1940)
* *Castle a Transylvania* (1940)
* *Daren Rashin Natsuwa* (1940)
* *András* (1941)
* *Mu So Juna* (1941)
* *Ambaliyar Ruwa ta Kama* (1941)
* *Wutar Lantarki* (1941)
* *Canza Tsaro* (1942)
* *Ƙarƙashin 'yar kadet Love* (1942)
* *Sabotage* (1942)
* *Amaryar Afirka* (1944)

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Valéria Hidvéghy at IMDb
* The Disciple and His Devil: Gabriel Pascal and Bernard Shaw on google books
Elaine Dannheisser

Elaine Dannheisser (Brooklyn 1923 - 2001 Manhattan) ƙwararriyar mai tattara zane-zane ce ta zamani kuma mai jagorantar tarin zane-zane na Werner da Elaine Dannheisser. Ta kasance amintaccen gidan tarihi na Guggenheim . Bayan baje kolin tarin kayanta a 1997-98, ta bayar da mafi girman tarin zane-zane na zamani ga gidan tarihi na zane-zane na zamani .

## Ayyukan farko
A farkon rayuwarta, Elaine Dannheisser ta yi karatun zane-zane a Ƙungiyar Ɗaliban Fasaha ta New York .  Werner Dannheisser (1909–1992) da Elaine sun yi aure kuma da farko sun tattara zane-zanen Faransa kamar Pablo Picasso, Jean Dubuffet, Maurice Utrillo da Fernand Léger .

A shekarun 1980, Dannheissers sun sayar da tarin zane-zanen Faransa kuma suka fara siyan zane-zane na zamani daga gidajen tarihi na Soho da East Village .  Elaine ta zama mai sha'awar gada, tana yawan yin sa'o'i shida a rana a Beverly Bridge Club, a Lexington Avenue da 57th Street. 

## Gidauniyar Dannheisser
A shekarar 1982, ma'auratan sun kafa Gidauniyar Dannheisser, wacce ta ba da gudummawar ayyukan fasaha ga gidajen tarihi kuma ta kula da sararin murabba'in ƙafa 9,000 a kan titin Duane da ke ƙasan Manhattan don nuna fasaha da kuma zane-zane a wurin. A can sun riƙe tarin fasahar zamani mai yawa, gami da ayyukan Bruce Nauman, Brice Marden da Robert Gober .  Tare da Gidauniyar Dannheisser, Dannheissers sun mai da hankali kan ƙaramin adadi na manyan mutane daga nau'ikan sabbin fasaha da aka samar a wannan lokacin. Ɗanɗanon su ya ta'allaka ne ga fasaha mai tsanani ko ƙarfin zane mai ban mamaki, tun daga sassaka mai sauƙi na Carl Andre da Richard Serra, zane-zanen Robert Ryman masu ban sha'awa, da ayyukan fasaha na Felix Gonzalez-Torres zuwa hotunan Cindy Sherman da aka shirya. Sauran masu fasaha a cikin tarin a wani lokaci ko wani sun haɗa da Mark Innerst, Jeff Koons, Matthew Barney, Joseph Nechvatal, Bernd da Hilla Becher, Andreas Gursky, Thomas Struth, Gilbert amp; George, Dan Graham, Tom Otterness, Joseph Beuys, Tony Cragg, Katharina Fritsch, Anselm Kiefer, da Sigmar Polke . Yawancin wannan tarin kayan fasaha na zamani an ba da shi ga Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani,  kodayake MOMA ta ƙi tayin Dannheisser na 1996 na bayar da gudummawar zanen kalmomi na Christopher Wool na 1988 , wanda za a sayar a 2013 akan $26,485,000 a gidan gwanjo na Christie . 

Gidauniyar Dannheisser da ke Duane Street ta rufe a shekarar 2001 bayan mutuwar Elaine Dannheisser.

## Manazarta
Béatrice Ephrussi de Rothschild

{databox}}
**Charlotte Béatrice de Rothschild**  ; 14 Satumba 1864 &#x2013; 7 Afrilu 1934) ɗan asalin ƙasar Faransa ne, mai tattara zane-zane, kuma memba ne na fitattun iyalan banki na Rothschild na Faransa .

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Charlotte, wacce aka fi sani da Béatrice, a birnin Paris, na ƙasar Faransa, 'yar ma'aikacin banki Alphonse James de Rothschild (1827–1905) da Leonora de Rothschild (1837–1911), 'yar Lionel de Rothschild . 

## Rayuwa
Bayan aurenta, Béatrice da Maurice sun kula da gida a Monte Carlo, suna amfani da dukiyarta don yin tafiye-tafiye a duniya da kuma samun tarin zane-zane da suka haɗa da Old Masters, da sassaka, *kayan zane*, faranti masu tsada da kayan daki na gargajiya. Ta kuma ba da umarnin a yi wa *Rothschild Fabergé ƙwai* a shekarar 1902, inda ta miƙa shi ga surukarta ta gaba, Germaine Alice Halphen, a lokacin da za ta yi aure da Édouard Alphonse James de Rothschild .

A shekarar 1902, ɗan uwan mijinta, Théodore Reinach, ya fara gina wani gida irin na Girka a Beaulieu-sur-Mer a kan abin da aka fi sani da French Riviera . Baroness Ephrussi de Rothschild ta ziyarci Villa Kerylos ɗinta, ta ƙaunaci yankin kuma ta sami    wani yanki na fili a Cap Ferrat inda ta gina wani gida mai tsada irin na Venetian a Goût Rothschild . Ta cika shi da tarin kayanta da yawa kuma ta ƙirƙiri nata gidan namun daji mai zaman kansa tare da tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu ban mamaki, ciki har da flamingos, budgerigars, birai, mongooses, barewa, da barewa . 

### Baroness a cikin Adabi
Mawakin Andre de Fouquières ya rubuta: "Ina tuna fuskar Mrs. Maurice Ephrussi, née de Rothschild, fuska mai siffofi masu kyau, an yi mata ado da gashin azurfa. Kullum tana sanye da shuɗi mai kyau, tare da ribbon mai launi iri ɗaya, da ƙaramin ɗan leƙen asiri a ƙafafunta... An haife ta a cikin sararin arziki mara iyaka, amma ba a bayyane ba, sai lokacin da ta yi bukukuwa masu yawa, kuma, na tuna, musamman, wani dare na bazara, lokacin da muka sami damar gani, a cikin lambunanta, waɗanda suka ratsa daga gidanta zuwa teku, kuma suka yi wanka da hasken wata, Anna Pavlova tana rawa ga Chopin nocturnes."

## Rayuwa ta sirri
A shekarar 1883, Béatrice de Rothschild ta auri Maurice Ephrussi, wani ma'aikacin banki ɗan ƙasar Rasha, wanda aka haifa a gidan Ephrussi .   Sun saki a shekarar 1904. 

A shekarar 1934, Béatrice Ephrussi de Rothschild ta mutu tana da shekaru 69 a Hôtel d'Angleterre da ke Davos, Switzerland . An binne ta a birnin Paris a makabartar Père Lachaise .

A cikin wasiyyarta, Baroness ta ba wa sashen fasaha na Académie des Beaux na Institut de France gado na Villa Ephrussi da tarin kayan fasaharsa don amfani da su a matsayin gidan tarihi. Yanzu haka kadarorin a bude suke ga jama'a. Abokan Villa Ephrussi de Rothschild suna taimakawa wajen dawo da ayyukan fasaha.

Gidanta da ke Avenue Foch (L'hôtel Ephrussi-Rothschild a Avenue Foch 19) a Paris da Reux ( Reux castle ) ɗan uwanta ne, Guy, ya gaji. 

## Manazarta
Ella Elgar

**Ella Grace Elgar** ( née **Pharazyn** ; 1869–1945) ta kasance mai tarin kayan tarihi da fasaha a New Zealand .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Ella Grace Pharazyn a shekarar 1869 a cikin dangin mulkin mallaka mafiya arziki a Wairarapa,    Uban gidan, kakan Ella Pharazyn, shine Charles Johnson Pharazyn (1802–1903) wanda shine farkon wanda ya yi hayar fili a Palliser Bay don kiwon tumaki a 1845. 'Ya'yansa maza kuma sun zama manoman tumaki, kuma ɗaya daga cikinsu, Charles Pharazyn Junior, shine mahaifin Ella Pharazyn. Mahaifin Ella Elgar ya mutu a 1903, inda ya bar wani fili mai darajar sama da £150,000.  Yawancin rayuwar Elgars ta farko an yi ta ne a Ingila inda ta yi karatu. 

Elgar 'yar'uwar Laftanar Kanar Noel Pharazyn ce.  An kashe tagwayen 'yar'uwarta, Ida, tana da shekaru goma sha biyu a wani hatsarin jirgin ƙasa lokacin da jirgin ƙasa ya fashe daga kan layin dogo a kan Remutaka Range .  A shekara ta 1890 ta auri Charles Elgar, wani sanannen mai dawakin tsere da kuma manajan gonar mahaifinta da abokin tarayya.  Suna da 'ya mace ɗaya, Enid Awa Elgar, wadda ta auri Gilbert Claud Hamilton, ɗan Lord Claud Hamilton .

'Yarsu Enid ta mutu a shekarar 1916  sakamakon cutar tarin fuka.   Ella da Charles Elgar suna zaune a Fernside Homestead, yankin Charles  gidan da ke kusa da Featherston, New Zealand . Mutanen Elgar sun yi nishaɗi a gidansu na Fernside cikin salo mai kyau. Sun shirya cin abinci, bukukuwa, da kuma liyafa.

Elgar ta yi tafiye-tafiye akai-akai zuwa Turai, China, da Japan,  inda ta sayi tarin kayan daki da kayan daki masu inganci na gidan kayan tarihi a matsayin kayan daki na gidanta na Fernside. Bayan rasuwar Elgar, ta bar tarin da aka sani da Elgar Collection zuwa Gidan Tarihi na Dominion wanda yanzu shine Gidan Tarihi na New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa .   Elgar za ta koyi game da ɗakunan tarihi a cikin manyan gidajen tarihi a duniya, kamar Gidan Tarihi na Metropolitan ko Gidan Tarihi na Victoria da Albert, kuma ta bar wasu umarni bayyanannu kan tarin da nunin ta, da kuma kuɗi don ba da kuɗi don baje kolin. Tana son nuna tarin a Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa, a saman bene na ginin Gidan Tarihi na Dominion, a cikin ɗakuna biyu na lokacin da aka gina da gangan da ake kira Ɗakunan Elgar. Ɗakin Sarauniya Anne da Stuart, da kuma Ɗakin Georgian, za su riƙe kayayyaki daga waɗannan lokutan tarihi.   

Mijinta Charles Elgar ya mutu a lokacin cin abincin rana a filin tsere na Tauherenikau na Featherston a ranar 19 ga Afrilu, 1930. Ella Elgar ta ci gaba da zama a Fernside har zuwa Fabrairu, 1940 lokacin da ta ba da damar amfani da gida ga Red Cross 'har tsawon lokacin yaƙi' a matsayin gidan hutawa ga jami'ai da ma'aikatan Sashen New Zealand wanda daga baya aka sani da Sashen 2 na New Zealand. Ta ɗauki wani gida a titin Victoria , Christchurch, inda ta mutu a ranar 23 ga Agusta, 1945.

## Bayanan kula

## Manazarta
Elna Fonnesbech-Sandberg

**Elna Vilhelmine Fonnesbech-Sandberg** née **Riegels** (22 Maris 1892 - 6 Maris 1994) ta kasance mai tarin kayan fasaha na Denmark wanda daga baya ta zama mai zane da kanta. A ƙarshen shekarun 1929, ta tattara tarin ayyukan zamani na Denmark da Expressionist amma dole ta sayar da su lokacin da matsin lamba ya kama ta a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu . Ba da daɗewa ba, tare da ƙarfafa ta daga ƙawarta ta Asger Jorn, ta fara sabon tarin ayyukan zane-zane na matasa 'yan Denmark waɗanda suka zama membobin ƙungiyar CoBrA . Ta baje kolin su a gidanta da ke Frederiksberg wanda ya zama sanannen wurin taro ga waɗanda ke sha'awar sabbin abubuwan da ke faruwa. A shekarar 1947, Fonnesbech-Sandberg ta zama mai zane da kanta, ta shiga ƙungiyar masu zane-zane masu zane-zane da aka sani da Spiralen .   

## Rayuwar farko da iyali
An haifi Elna Vilhelmine Riegels a Copenhagen a ranar 22 ga Maris 1892, 'yar ɗan kasuwa Jacob Frederik Vilhelm Riegels (1863–1943) da matarsa Mathilde Marie Pouline née Hansson (1862–1932). An taso ta a cikin iyali mai arziki a Frederiksberg, ta yi karatun tarihin fasaha a Jami'ar Copenhagen . A watan Agusta 1918, ta auri mai sayar da shayi Torben Fonnesbech-Sandberg (1891–1974) wanda ta haifa masa ɗa Ib (1920). An raba auren a shekarar 1945. A watan Yuni 1949, ta auri mai zane Niels Jensen (wanda aka haifa a shekarar 1912).

## Sana'a
Tun tana ƙarama, Elna Riegels ta nuna sha'awar tattara zane-zane, musamman kwafi na Japan amma ta rasa sha'awar lokacin da ta fahimci ba za ta iya siyan ainihin kayan ba. Bayan ta yi nazarin tarihin zane-zane, ta mayar da hankalinta ga fasahar zamani ta fara tattara zane-zanen da wasu masu fasaha 'yan Denmark suka yi, ciki har da , Harald Giersing, Karl Isakson, Søren Hjorth Nielsen, Niels Lergaard, Vilhelm Lundstrøm, Olaf Rude, William Scharff, Jens Søndergaard da Edvard Weie .  

Bayan da kasuwancin shayi na mijinta ya fara fama da tasirin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, a shekarar 1940, an tilasta wa Fonnesbech-Sandberg sayar da tarin kayanta domin tallafawa rayuwar iyalin. Ba da daɗewa ba ta ƙulla dangantaka ta kud da kud da Asger Jorn kuma ta fara yin sabon tarin kayan da suka fi ban sha'awa, ba kawai na zane-zanen Jorn ba har ma na abokansa waɗanda suka haɗa da Else Alfelt, Ejler Bille, Egill Jacobsen da Carl-Henning Pedersen . An san su da membobin ƙungiyar CoBrA ta Denmark. 

A matsayinta na mai zane a matsayinta na mai zane, Fonnesbech-Sandberg ta sami kwarin gwiwa daga abokanta na CoBrA. Daga baya ta ƙirƙiri salon ado ta amfani da launi don cimma tasirin enamel.  

Elna Fonnesbech-Sandberg ya mutu a ranar 6 ga Maris 1994 a Gentofte . 

A shekarar 2023, an haɗa ayyukanta a cikin baje kolin *Action, Gesture, Paint: Women Artists and Global Abstraction 1940-1970* a Gidan Tarihi na Whitechapel da ke Landan. 

## Manazarta
Esther Grether

Esther Grether (wacce Kast ce, 4 ga Afrilu 1936 – 27 ga Agusta 2025) ƙwararriyar mai tattara kayan fasaha ce kuma 'yar kasuwa a Switzerland. A watan Agusta 2025, Forbes ta kiyasta cewa dukiyarta ta kai dala biliyan 2.3.

## Bayani
An haifi Esther Grether a ranar 4 ga Afrilu, 1936 a Basel.  

## Kasuwanci
Grether ta gaji kamfanin kayan kwalliya da kula da lafiya daga mijinta Hans Grether a shekarar 1975 wanda ta ci gaba da gudanar da harkokinta tare da 'ya'yanta biyu.  Ta kasance shugabar rukunin Doetsch Grether da ke Basel fiye da shekaru talatin.  Ta kasance cikin kwamitin gudanarwa na rukunin Swatch daga 1986 zuwa 2014. 

A shekarar 2013, mujallar *Forbes* ta kiyasta cewa dukiyarta da iyalinta ta kai dala biliyan 1.5. 

## Tarin zane-zane
Grether ta mallaki ɗaya daga cikin tarin kayan fasaha mafi daraja na ƙarni na 20 a duniya. An ruwaito cewa tarin kayanta ya ƙunshi abubuwa sama da 600 kuma ya haɗa da ayyukan Pablo Picasso, Paul Cézanne, Salvador Dalí, Francis Bacon, da Alberto Giacometti .  An ajiye tarin a cikin wani masana'antar buga littattafai da aka canza wanda shi ma gidanta ne.  Grether ta mallaki *Triptych na Bacon, Mayu-Yuni 1973* (ɗaya daga cikin " Black Triptychs " guda uku na Bacon  ) wanda ta saya a gwanjo a shekarar 1989 akan dala miliyan 6.3, farashin da ya fi kowane tsada na zanen Bacon a wancan lokacin. Ana kuma kyautata zaton ta mallaki wasu kayan kwalliya na Bacon guda uku daga shekarun 1970.  

A watan Disamba na shekarar 1962, godiya ga garantin banki da Hans Grether ya bayar, wanda aka tabbatar a hannun hannun jarin Doetsch Grether, ne dillalin fasaha na Basel Ernst Beyeler ya sami damar siyan tarin ayyukan Giacometti guda 70 na mai tara kaya na Amurka G. David Thompson .  Ta mutu a Basel a ranar 27 ga Agusta, 2025, tana da shekaru 89. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Ta auri Hans Grether har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekarar 1975.  Suna da 'ya'ya biyu, Hans Christoph da Susanne, waɗanda dukkansu ke da hannu a harkokin gidan. 

Ta rasu a ranar 27 ga Agusta 2025, tana da shekaru 89. 

## Manazarta
Anne Hull Grundy

**Anne Hull Grundy** (née Ullmann, 9 ga Disamba 1926 &#x2013; 7 ga Agusta 1984)  ƙwararriyar mai tattara kayan fasaha ce 'yar ƙasar Jamus kuma mai taimakon jama'a. Kyautarta ta 1978 ga Gidan Tarihi na Burtaniya ta ƙunshi wasu daga cikin mafi kyawun kayan fasaha na netsuke da na Turai da gidan tarihi ya karɓa. 

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Anne Ullmann a Nuremberg, Jamus a shekarar 1926 a cikin wani gidan banki na Yahudawa. An tilasta mata yin ƙaura bayan zuwan 'yan Nazi, iyalanta suka zauna a Northampton. Kamfanin mahaifinta Philipp Ullmann Mettoy ya shahara da kayan wasansa na ƙarfe, gami da layin motoci na Corgi . 

## Tarin abubuwa

Tana da arzikin iyali da kuma kuɗin shiga daga bankin Keyser-Ullmann kuma wannan ya ba Ulmann damar tattara zane-zane tun tana 'yar shekara 11, musamman hauren giwa, tukwane, ƙarfe da kayan ado.  

Ta auri John Hull Grundy (1926 &#x2013; 1984), masanin ilimin halittar dabbobi kuma mai zane, a shekarar 1949. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka, ta yi rauni sakamakon rashin lafiya mai tsanani ta numfashi. Sayen zane-zanenta ya ci gaba, inda dillalai masu aminci ke kawo kayan aikin zuwa gadonta na rashin lafiya. A lokuta da yawa, ta sayi ayyuka ta hanyar wasiƙa.  Hankalinta na tattarawa ya zama kayan ado na Turai da hauren giwa na Japan. 

Wani kundin kayan ado na shekarar 1976 da aka yi a Gidan Tarihi na Burtaniya ( *Ado na tsawon shekaru 7000* ) ya sa Grundy ta fahimci cewa tarin kayan tarihi ya ƙare a shekarun 1700. Ta yanke shawarar sabunta kayan tarihinta ta hanyar siyan kayan tarihi na ƙarni na 18 da 19.  A shekarar 1978 ta ba da gudummawar babban ɓangare na tarin kayan tarihinta ga Gidan Tarihi na Burtaniya. Wataƙila wannan ya ƙunshi mafi kyawun tarin kayan tarihinta domin ta ba da gudummawar kyawawan kayayyaki daban-daban ga wasu gidajen tarihi a Burtaniya, ciki har da Fitzwilliam a Cambridge, Manchester da Glasgow. Wasu daga cikin manyan kayan tarihin sun haɗa da zagayen azurfa na 1559 na Lambert Suavius don tunawa da Zaman Lafiyar Cateau-Cambrésis, da lambobin yabo na azurfa na Elizabeth I da James I na Simon de Passe . Akwai kuma zane-zane na ƙwararrun masana Italiya Pistrucci, Berini da Girometti.  Darajar gudummawar ta ta samo asali ne daga kyawawan takardu na ayyukan fasaha, musamman waɗanda daga masu sassaka da masu zane na Turai da Amurka.  Daga cikin tarin kayanta na Japan akwai *jizai okimono*, dabbobin ƙarfe masu siffar da aka yi da roba, da kuma netsuke. 

Wani wanda ya karɓi kyautar Grundy shine Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum da ke Glasgow, wanda ya sami kusan kayan ado dubu da ke nuna tarihin kayan adon Turai tsawon ƙarni biyu. Wannan ya haɗa da ƙaramin abin wuya na fitilar Aladdin na Italiya daga 1860 da 'yan kunne na fuchsia na zinariya da hauren giwa na Ingila daga 1835.

## Rayuwa daga baya
Grundy ta rubuta labarai kan fasahar ado ga ƙwararru da kuma 'yan jarida. Tsakanin 1958 da 1961 ta ba da gudummawar wani shafi na 'masu tattarawa' ga *jaridar The Times* . 

Mijin Grundy ya mutu a shekarar 1984. Ta mutu a wannan shekarar. 

## Manazarta