Bikin Manchu–Han

**Bikin Manchu-Han** (sassauƙan sinanci, kuma **Cikakken Manchu**) yana nufin salon dafa abinci da nau'in babban liyafa wanda ya haɗa abubuwan Manchu da Han na ƙasar Sin waɗanda aka haɓaka a daular Qing ta China (1636–1912). Ana Kuma jayayya da asalin, amma ta ƙarni na goma sha tara salon ya shahara kuma an yi koyi da shi a gidajen cin abinci na ƙarni na ashirin da ashirin da ɗaya. 

## Tarihi

### Daular Qing
Lokacin da Manchus ya karɓi ikon China a ƙarni na goma sha bakwai, sun maye gurbin masu dafa abinci a cikin gidan sarauta, waɗanda galibi daga Shandong ne, tare da masu dafa abinci na Manchu. Abincin Manchu shine babban abincin da ake bayarwa a cikin fadar har sai da sarkin Qianlong ya gayyaci mashahuran masu dafa abinci daga kudu su shiga ɗakin dafa abinci na fadar. Sabuwar salon dafa abinci ya haɗa da waɗannan abubuwan Shandong, kudanci, da Manchu, kuma ya haifar da abin da ake kira "Manchu-Chinese liyafa" ( *Man Han quanxi* ). Ba a nuna irin wannan salon liyafa ba a cikin manyan liyafa na gidan sarauta, amma ba da daɗewa ba ya zama abin sawa kuma na sha tara ya bazu zuwa birane kamar Canton da Tianjin. 

Wani labari kuma shi ne, Sarkin Kangxi ya so ya warware saɓani tsakanin Manchu da kabilar Han, don haka ya yi liyafa a lokacin bikin cikarsa shekaru 66 da haihuwa. Bikin ya ƙunshi abincin Manchu da na Han, tare da jami'ai daga ƙabilun biyu da suka halarci walimar tare. 

### Shiri
Abincin ya ƙunshi liyafa shida sama da kwana uku tare da abinci sama da 300. Gabaɗaya an ce manyan abinci 196 ne da kayan ciye -ciye 124, jimillar faranti 320 da aka zana cikin kwanaki uku. Dangane da yadda ake ƙidaya jita -jita tare da samfuran, a mafi ƙanƙanta akwai jita -jita 108.  An raba bukin cikin manyan liyafa na cikin gida da na waje; dangin sarakuna da manyan jami'ai kawai, ciki har da jami'an Han sama da matsayi na biyu, an gayyace su cikin liyafar gidan. Littafin  daga zamanin Sarkin Qianlong (1735 - 1796) yana ba da cikakken bayanin biki da jita -jita da kayan abinci.

### Abincin
An ce  cewa akwai “Abinci na Talatin da Biyu,” yana nufin ƙarin abubuwan da ake amfani da su don yin liyafa. “Abincin Abinci na Dutsen Takwas” ya haɗa da jita -jita kamar kumburin raƙumi, tafin beyar, ƙwaƙwalwar biri, leɓen biri, damisar damisa, wutsiyar karkanda, da jijiyoyin barewa. "Ƙasar Ƙasashe Takwas" ta haɗa da tsuntsaye masu daraja da namomin kaza da yawa, kuma "Abincin Teku Takwas" ya haɗa da busasshen kokwamba na teku, fin shark, gidan tsuntsaye da sauran su.

Wasu daga cikin sunayen mutum guda na jita -jita a cikin:

* Dusar ƙanƙara mai dusar ƙanƙara - ragargazar beya da sturgeon 
* Idanun Zinariya da Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙonawa - ƙyanƙyashe wake da aka ƙera cikin kaji, duck da ƙwaƙwalwar cuckoo
* Monkey King da Shark - ƙwaƙwalwar akuya
* Biri kwakwalwa
* Kwai tart
* Wurin Tofu
* Dezhou braised chicken
* Peck duck
* Shark fin soup
* Gidan tsuntsu mai cin abinci
* Dried Cucumbers
* Iya wei

### Kayan aiki
Kayan abinci, kamar na abinci, sun yi ɗimbin yawa; yawancin kayayyakin da aka finely aikata bronzeware, kuma porcelainware a cikin siffar da yawa dabbobi da aka tsara tare da sunadaran don kiyaye jita-jita dumi a ko'ina cikin gari. Gabaɗaya an fara yin samfuran Manchu, sannan kuma abincin Han ya biyo baya.

## A cikin al'adun gargajiya
An sake dawo da abincin masarautar a cikin fim ɗin *The Chinese Feast*, wanda ya ƙunshi biki na abinci 108 da aka yi a cikin abinci shida a cikin kwanaki uku. Wuraren da kansu sun haɗa da sinadarai masu ban mamaki da dabarun dafa abinci iri -iri daga kowane sashi na Masarautar China .  . Wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin *Mai Farin Ciki Bayan*, a cikin anime *Cooking Master Boy* da jerin talabijin *My Fair Princess*, da kuma a cikin babi na 106 da 142 na manga *Medaka Box* .

A zamanin zamani, ana iya amfani da kalmar 'Manhan Quanxi' ta ƙasar Sin a matsayin salon magana don wakiltar kowane biki mai girman gaske. Misali, kafofin watsa labaru daban -daban na iya kiran bikin cin abincin dare a matsayin "Manhan Quanxi", yayin da a China kuma akwai gasa dafa abinci da yawa waɗanda ke yin amfani da sunan da aka ambata,  yayin da ba musamman suna nufin ainihin ma'anar masarautar ba. biki. Hakanan ana kuma amfani da sunan sosai a cikin samfuran samfuran a masana'antar abinci, irin wannan amfani a bayyane yake azaman samfuran miya da noodles nan take ta kamfanoni daban -daban.

An nuna wani ɗan gajeren sigar sigar Cantonese na abincin sarauta a cikin *Mister Ajikko*, inda kayan zaki: Ana amfani da kayan zaki na Almond Tofu a matsayin gasa da gwani a cikin tasa: Lafiyayyen sufi a Haikalin Abinci. 

An sake yin wahayi zuwa ga abincin masarautar a *Kung Fu Panda Holiday* .

An nuna wani nau'in Japan na almara na abincin sarauta a cikin *Abinci*

*na Ƙarshe* . 

A cikin anime *Kore wa Zombi Desu ka?* (Turanci: Shin Wannan Zombie ce? ) Halayen bebe Eucliwood Hellscythe, wanda ke sadarwa ta hanyar rubuta saƙonni, yana buƙatar babban ɗan wasan ya sanya ta cin abincin dare; sannan ya bi wannan buƙatun ta hanyar neman "Bukin Masarautar Manchu."

## Kwafi
Tun a shekarar 1720 aka yi ta ƙoƙarin yin kwaikwayon *Manhan Quanxi na* asali. A ƙarshen 1980 wani abincin abinci  an kiyasta ya kashe sama da miliyan ɗaya na yen Japan .   Yawancin dabbobin da ake amfani da su a cikin abincin nau'in haɗari ne a yau.

* Man -Han Banquet - *Labarin China* (2019).

## Manazarta