Eliza Lynch

**Eliza Alice Lynch** ( Charleville, County Cork, Ireland, 19 Nuwamba 1833 – Paris, Faransa, 25 Yuli 1886) ita ce uwargidan Ireland ta Francisco Solano López, shugaban Paraguay .

An yi mata batanci a matsayin mace mafi cin mutunci a tarihin Latin Amurka, an yi mata lakabi da " mai kishin ƙasa" wadda ta yaudari *magajin* gwamnatin Paraguay, Francisco Solano López, ta mayar da shi "mai kama-karya mai jinin kama-karya." Duk da haka, duk waɗannan zarge-zargen wani ɓangare ne na yaƙin farfaganda da ƙawayen suka yi a lokacin Yaƙin Paraguay, kuma yanzu an musanta su. 

A zamanin yau, ana ɗaukarta a matsayin "Jarumar ƙasa" ta Paraguay .

## Rayuwar farko
An haife ta Eliza Alicia Lynch a Charleville, County Cork, Ireland, a lokacin wani ɓangare na Ƙasar Burtaniya da Ireland . Ita 'yar John Lynch ce, MD da Jane Clarke Lloyd, wacce ta fito daga dangin jami'an Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Royal .  Ta yi ƙaura tana da shekaru goma tare da iyalinta zuwa Paris don gujewa Babban Yunwa na Ireland. A ranar 3 ga Yuni 1850, ta auri Xavier Quatrefages, wani jami'in Faransa wanda aka tura shi Algeria ba da daɗewa ba. Ta raka shi, amma tana da shekaru goma sha takwas, saboda rashin lafiya,  ta koma Paris don zama tare da mahaifiyarta a gidan Strafford.  Ta hanyar wasu gabatarwar da aka yi mata cikin sa'a, daga baya ta shiga cikin da'irar manyan mutane da ke kewaye da Gimbiya Mathilde Bonaparte kuma ta fara ɗaukar kanta a matsayin mai ladabi cikin sauri. 

An bayyana Eliza Lynch a matsayin wacce take da siffar , gashinta mai launin zinare mai launin ruwan kasa da kuma murmushi mai tayar da hankali. A shekara ta 1854, Eliza ta haɗu da Janar Francisco Solano López, ɗan Carlos Antonio López, shugaban ƙasar Paraguay . Matashin janar ɗin, a lokacin horo tare da sojojin Faransa, ya ɗauki muradun ƙasarsa a matsayin muhimman dalilan tafiyarsa ta Turai. Duk da haka, Lynch da López za su fara dangantaka wanda ya sa ta koma tare da shi a wannan shekarar zuwa Paraguay. 

## Paraguay

Da zarar ta isa Paraguay, Eliza Lynch ta zama abokiyar zaman López, inda ta haifa masa 'ya'ya shida jimilla.  Babban cikinsu, Juan Francisco "Panchito" López an haife shi a Asunción a shekarar 1855. An haifi ɗa na ƙarshe da ta haifa wa López, Leopoldo, a shekarar 1867 a tsakiyar Yaƙin Paraguay, kuma ya mutu jim kaɗan bayan haka sakamakon ciwon mara, sakamakon mummunan yanayi a gaba.

Bayan mutuwar CA López a shekarar 1862, ya bar ɗansa FS López a matsayin magajinsa a matsayin shugaban ƙasa. Daga nan Eliza ta zama matar shugaban *ƙasa*, domin ita da López ba su taɓa yin aure ba. Eliza Lynch za ta shafe shekaru goma sha biyar masu zuwa a matsayin mace mafi ƙarfi a ƙasar. Duk da cewa ba ta taɓa yin aure da López ba, an soke aurenta da Quatrefages bisa dalilin cewa bai cika wajibcin da ya rataya a wuyanta na a yi la'akari da auren halal ba (bai sami izinin yin aure daga kwamandansa ba, kuma ba su da 'ya'ya tare). Wannan ya samu goyon bayan sake aurensa a shekarar 1857, auren da ya haifi 'ya'ya daga ciki. 

Ana iya cewa ita ce dalilin da ya sa López ta kasance mai matuƙar buri. Duk da haka, a cikin wani littafi da ta rubuta a shekarar 1876 yayin da take Buenos Aires mai taken *"Bayyanawa. Protesta que hace Elisa A. Lynch"  (Bayyanawa. Zanga-zangar da Elisa A. Lynch ta yi)* ta bayyana cewa ba ta da masaniya game da kuma ba ta tsoma baki a harkokin siyasa ba, maimakon haka ta sadaukar da lokacinta a lokacin yaƙin don taimaka wa waɗanda suka ji rauni da iyalai marasa adadi da ke bin López duk inda ya je. 

### Yaƙin Cerro Corá
Lynch ta bi López a lokacin yaƙin duka kuma ta jagoranci ƙungiyar mata da ake kira "Las Residentas", waɗanda suka ƙunshi matan sojoji, 'ya'yanta mata, da sauransu, waɗanda suka goyi bayan sojoji. A wannan matsayin ne ta fara zama a Cerro Corá a ranar 1 ga Maris 1870 lokacin da aka kashe López a ƙarshe. [1] Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan matan ita ce Ramona Martínez, wacce aka san ta da "Joan na Arc na Amurka" saboda faɗa da ƙarfafa gwiwa da take yi wa sojoji. [2]

Bayan da sojojin Brazil suka kashe López, sai suka nufi wurin fararen hula domin su kama su. Juan Francisco, babban ɗan Lynch da López, wanda aka ɗaukaka shi zuwa Kanar a lokacin yaƙin kuma yana da shekaru goma sha biyar, yana tare da ita. Jami'an Brazil sun gaya masa ya miƙa wuya, kuma bayan ya amsa "Kanar paraguayo nunca se rinde" (Kanar Paraguay ba ya miƙa wuya)  sojojin kawance suka harbe shi suka kashe shi. A wannan lokacin Lynch, bayan ta yi tsalle ta rufe gawar ɗanta, ta yi ihu " *¿Esta es la civilización que han prometido?* " ("Shin wannan wayewar da kuka yi alkawari ce?")  dangane da iƙirarin ƙawancen cewa suna da niyyar 'yantar da Paraguay daga azzalumi da kuma isar da 'yanci da wayewa ga ƙasa. Sannan ta binne López da ɗanta da hannayenta marasa komai kafin a kai su fursuna. 

## Rayuwa bayan yaƙi, da mutuwa

## Manazarta