2024 Wutar daji ta Brazil

A shekarar 2024, gobarar daji guda 62,131 da Hukumar Kula da Wutar Daji ta Duniya (GWIS) ta gano ta kona kimanin  na filayen dausayi a yankin Pantanal na Brazil a Mato Grosso do Sul, da gandun dajin Amazon .  A cewar bayanan tauraron dan adam daga Cibiyar Nazarin Sararin Samaniya ta Brazil, adadin gobara daga farkon 2024 zuwa 10 ga Yuni ya nuna karuwar 935% idan aka kwatanta da daidai wannan lokacin a 2023 tare da rahotannin gobara 1,315 idan aka kwatanta da gobara 127 a 2023.  

## Fage
Masana kimiyyar yanayi sun lura cewa lokacin gobarar daji ta Brazil ta 2024 ta fara tun da wuri fiye da lokutan da aka saba farawa a watan Yuli, kuma ya fi zafi a wannan shekara saboda raguwar ruwan sama a wasu yankuna da ke haifar da tsawan lokaci.  Shugaban Brazil Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva ya yi alkawarin dakatar da sare itatuwa ba bisa ka'ida ba a cikin Amazon nan da 2030 don taimakawa rage tasirin dumamar yanayi. 

## Gobarar daji
A ranar 1 ga Yuli, bayanan tauraron dan adam da aka tattara sun nuna cewa aƙalla gobarar daji 13,489 ta faru tun farkon shekara, mafi yawan gobarar daji a farkon rabin shekara a cikin shekaru 20, kuma ta haura 61% daga 2023. Kakakin Greenpeace na Brazil Romulo Batista ya bayyana cewa dumamar yanayi da raguwar ruwan sama sun haifar da bushewa da bushewa don haka ya zama mafi saurin yaduwa. 

### Para
A ranar 27 ga watan Agusta, gwamnan Pará, Helder Barbalho, ya ayyana dokar ta baci tare da haramta amfani da wuta a duk fadin jihar saboda gobarar da ke shafar garuruwa a fadin jihar. Dokar ta tanadi haramcin amfani da wuta, ciki har da tsaftacewa da sarrafa wuraren, a ko'ina cikin Pará, na tsawon kwanaki 180, tare da yiwuwar tsawaita tsawon lokaci guda. 

### Pantanal
A cikin macaroni biyun farko na watan Yuni, gobara 2,639 ta kone  na yankin dausayi na Pantanal, wanda ya ninka adadin gobara mafi girma a yankin a watan Yuni idan aka kwatanta da kowace shekara.  Adadin ya haura sama da hekta  ta 9 ga Yuli, yana ƙone sama da 4% na  na dausayi. An kona manyan wuraren da ke dauke da ciyayi mai kauri da namun daji a cikin "kafet na farar ash" tare da tarkace da ke tashi da fadowa a kusa da wuraren da abin ya shafa. Tsananin zafin da kuma kewayowar wutar dajin ya ta'azzara ne sakamakon iska mai karfi da ke kadawa mai nisan kilomita 40 a cikin sa'a guda.  Fitattun gobarar ta yi barazana ga yawancin dabbobin daji da suka haɗa da anteaters, jaguars, tapirs, caimans, da anacondas. An yi rikodin gobarar daji 3,538 a yankin har zuwa ranar 1 ga Yuli, sama da kashi 40% idan aka kwatanta da 2020, shekarar da aka fi samun gobarar daji a yankin. Kokarin kashe gobarar ya kasance mai sarkakiya sakamakon iska mai karfin gaske da kuma yanayin dausayin da ya sanya shiga da tafiya cikin wahala.  

Hayaki daga gobarar daji ya sa asibitoci da dama a Corumbá cika da wadanda suka kamu da shakar hayaki da alamun numfashi, wanda ke shafar yara <5 shekaru) da manyan mutane sama da 65 mafi muni. Masu aikin ceton dabbobi sun ce an kashe daruruwan dabbobi sakamakon shakar hayaki da kone-kone, wadanda suka hada da kwadi, macizai, birai, da jaguar. 

A ranar 31 ga Agusta, IBAMA ta ci tarar kamfanoni biyu fiye da R$ 100 saboda wata gagarumar gobara a Pantanal da ma'aikatan kula da su suka yi a kan layin dogo a Corumbá. Gobarar wacce ta fara a ranar 16 ga watan Agusta kuma aka shawo kanta a ranar 23 ga watan Agusta, ta lalata fiye da  na ciyayi tare da shafar kadarorin karkara 12 a yankin Porto Esperança. An ci tarar kamfanin da ke da alhakin layin dogo R dalar Amurka miliyan 50 saboda lalacewar muhalli da kuma R$ 7.5 miliyan saboda gazawa wajen biyan lasisin muhalli, yayin da aka ci tarar kamfanin da ke waje dala miliyan 50. 

A ranar 7 ga Satumba, IBAMA ta ba da izinin aika masu kashe gobara zuwa Bolivia don yaƙar gobarar dajin da ke haifar da haɗari ga Pantanal. 

### Cerrado
An samu gobarar daji 13,229 a Cerrado a farkon rabin shekara. Wutar da aka yi ta yaɗu ta sa sararin samaniyar ya cika da hayaƙi tare da juya launin ja, a cewar mazauna yankin. 

### Sao Paulo

A karshen watan Agusta, gobarar daji sakamakon tsawan lokaci na fari da iska mai karfin gaske ta shafi birane talatin a jihar São Paulo, ko dai ta shafe su kai tsaye ko kuma tana ci kusa da su. Sakamakon haka, akalla mutane biyu ne suka mutu a wata masana’antar masana’antu da ke Urupês a lokacin da suke kokarin shawo kan wutar dajin da ke kusa da su. 

A ranar 24 ga Agusta 2024, an dakatar da wasanni biyu na ƙwallon ƙafa bayan wata doka ta birni. Gobarar da ta afkawa birnin Ribeirão Preto da yankin da ke da nasaba da fari da tsananin zafi ya haifar da dakatar da wasannin Copa Paulista da Série B do Brasileiro da aka shirya gudanarwa a cikin wannan wata a birnin. 

A ranar 25 ga watan Agustan 2024, gwamnan São Paulo Tarcísio de Freitas ya tabbatar da kama wasu mutane biyu da ake zargi da hannu a hare-haren kunar bakin wake a cikin cikin birnin São Paulo tun farkon rundunar da ke yaki da yaduwar wuta a jihar. A cewar Babban Jami'in, an kama wani wanda ake zargi a yankin São José do Rio Preto a ranar 24 ga wannan watan kuma an tsare wani a ranar 25 a Batatais, duka a cikin jihar São Paulo. Mutumin da aka kama a rana ta 25, wani makanike ne mai shekaru 42, wanda ‘yan sandan soji na jihar São Paulo suka kama a lokacin da yake cinna wuta a wani dajin da ke kusa da yankin Batatais da ke tsakiyar kasar bayan an boye sunansa. An kwace masa kwalbar mai da wuta da wayarsa. An kai shi ofishin ‘yan sanda domin bayar da sanarwa. Kamar yadda binciken da aka gudanar a wurin ya nuna, a cikin bidiyon da aka gano a na’urar, mutumin ya yi bikin gagarumar gobara a yankin. 

A ranar 26 ga watan Agusta, a cikin wata hira da shirin *CBN São Paulo*, wanda gidan rediyon CBN ya watsa, Tarcísio ya bayyana cewa daya daga cikin mutanen da aka kama da hannu a gobarar da ta tashi a Batatais, a cikin cikin birnin São Paulo, "ya bayyana kansa a matsayin memba na *Babban Jami'in Tsaro na Farko* ". Sakatariyar tsaron jihar ta ruwaito cewa wanda ya aikata laifin ya shaidawa ‘yan sanda cewa yana cikin kungiyar masu aikata laifuka .  A wannan rana, an kama wasu mutane hudu a Batatais, Guaraci, São José do Rio Preto da Jales bisa zargin shiga cikin gobarar da ta tashi a cikin São Paulo.  

A ranar 27 ga Agusta, an kama wani mutum mai shekaru 32 a kan zargin cinna wuta a wani yanki mai dazuzzuka a kan bankunan Archimedes Lammoglia Highway ( SP-075 ), a Salto . 

A daren ranar 28 ga watan Agusta, rundunar ‘yan sandan soji ta jihar São Paulo ta kama wasu mutane biyu da ake zargi da kona wani yanki na ciyayi a gefen babbar hanyar Fábio Talarico, a kasar Faransa .  

A dunkule, an kama mutane 20 da suka fara tashin gobarar daji a jihar São Paulo tun bayan da aka tsare wanda ya aikata laifin na farko a ranar 24 ga watan Agusta.  

### Rio de Janeiro
A ranar 13 ga Satumba, an kama wani mutum bayan an kama shi yana cinna wuta a wani yanki mai dazuka a Vassouras, a kudancin Rio de Janeiro . Haka kuma, gobara ta kama mafi tsufa quilombo na jihar, a cikin Valença . 

A ranar 14 ga Satumba, sakataren muhalli na jihar Bernardo Rossi ya sanar da rufe dukkan wuraren shakatawa na Rio de Janeiro saboda gobara a fadin jihar. 

### Gundumar Tarayya
A safiyar ranar 15 ga Satumba, gobarar daji ta fara bazuwa a cikin yankin National Park na Brasília, wanda aka fi sani da Park Water Park. A farkon maraice, shugaban ICMBio, Mauro Pires, ya ce gobarar laifi ce. A cewarsa, gobarar ta fara ne a Granja do Torto kuma ta ci gaba da zuwa dajin Brasília. 

## Martani
A cikin watan Afrilu, hukumomin jihar Mato Grosso do Sul sun ayyana dokar ta-baci ta muhalli saboda karancin ruwan sama da ke kawo cikas ga ambaliyar ruwa da aka saba yi a lokutan yanayi, lamarin da ke kara ta'azzara yanayin gobarar daji a yankuna da dama na yankin. 

Daga nan ne gwamnatin jihar Mato Grosso do Sul za ta fitar da sanarwar gaggawa a ranar 24 ga watan Yuni. Gwamnatin tarayya ta Brazil ta kara yawan aikin da take yi na mayar da martani ga gobarar daji, yayin da sojojin saman Brazil suka rage  na ruwa a Yuli 6-7. Ma'aikacin kashe gobara Cabo Sena ya ruwaito cewa, gobarar daji za ta rinka tashi cikin sa'o'i 24 bayan kashe ta. An rarraba takardun rigakafin gobara ga fararen hula na yankin da gobarar ta tashi, inda kwararru da 'yan kasar da dama suka bukaci gwamnatin Brazil ta kara saka hannun jari a fannin ilimin rigakafin gobara. 

A watan Agustan 2024, gwamnatin Bolivia ta nemi Brazil da ta tallafa musu wajen yakar gobarar dazuzzuka. A yankin Pantanal da ke kan iyaka tsakanin kasashen, a baya-bayan nan ne gobara ta kama Serra do Amolar. An aika da buƙatar taimako ga Hukumar Haɗin gwiwar Brazil (ABC) kuma Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Brazil tana kimantawa. 

## Manazarta