Ursula Bellugi

**Ursula Bellugi** (Fabrairu 21, 1931 - Afrilu 17, 2022) masanin kimiyyar kwakwalwa ce ta Amurka. Ta kasance Farfesa Emerita kuma darakta na Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience a Cibiyar Salk a La Jolla, California .  An san ta da bincike kan tushen jijiyoyin jiki na Harshen Kurame na Amurka da wakilcin harshe a cikin mutanen da ke fama da cutar Williams.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Bellugi a Jena, Jamus. Mahaifinta shi ne Maximilian Herzberger, masanin kimiyyar lissafi da lissafi a Jami'ar Jena . Ya kasance Bayahude kuma ya rasa aikinsa a lokacin Reich na Uku. Albert Einstein ya taimaka masa ya yi hijira zuwa Rochester, NY, inda ya zama shugaban dakin gwaje-gwaje na binciken gani na kamfanin Kodak. Ta yi karatun ilimin halayyar dan adam kuma ta sami B.A. daga Kwalejin Antakiya a 1952 da Ed.[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9]D. daga Jami'ar Harvard a shekarar 1967. 

## Ayyuka
A shekara ta 1968 ta koma California, tana aiki a Cibiyar Salk . Da farko a shekara ta 1970 ta kasance Darakta na Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience .  tun daga shekara ta 1977 ta kasance farfesa a Jami'ar California, San Diego kuma bayan 1995 a Jami'an Jihar San Diego . Ta kasance abokiyar Cibiyar Sloan don Theoretical Neurobiology a Cibiyar Salk . 

## Bincike
A bayyane yake, ta gudanar da bincike kan tushen ilimin halitta na harshe. Fiye da haka, ta yi nazarin tushen neurological na Harshen Kurame na Amurka sosai, kuma aikinta ya haifar da gano cewa gefen hagu na kwakwalwar ɗan adam ya zama na musamman ga harshe, ko ana magana ko sanya hannu, nuna alama mai ban mamaki na filastik na neuronal.

Ta kuma bincika iyawar harshe na mutane da ke fama da cutar Williams, cuta mai rikitarwa wanda ke barin harshe, ganewar fuska da ƙwarewar zamantakewa da aka kiyaye su sosai idan aka kwatanta da rashin isasshen ƙwarewa a wasu ƙwarewar fahimta. Binciken tushen halittu na wannan cuta yana ba da sabbin dama don fahimtar yadda tsarin kwakwalwa da aiki ke da alaƙa da iyawar fahimta.

## Daraja da bambanci
An san Bellugi da kyaututtuka da yawa, gami da Kyautar Kyautar Kimiyya ta Musamman daga Ƙungiyar Psychological ta Amirka (1992).  A shekara ta 2007 an zabe ta a matsayin abokiyar kungiyar American Association for the Advancement of Science,  kuma a shekara ta 2008 an zabe ta memba na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa.  Ta kuma kasance a cikin kwamitin ba da shawara na Cibiyar Nazarin Kurma da Sauran Cututtukan Sadarwa ta Kasa.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
A cikin 1954 Bellugi ya auri dan wasan Italiya Piero Bellugi .  &#x3A;&#x200A;48&#x200A;, wanda ta sake shi a lokacin da yake Cambridge.  Ta gudanar da yawancin bincikenta tare da haɗin gwiwar mijinta na biyu Edward Klima, masanin ilimin harshe wanda kuma ya ƙware a cikin nazarin Harshen Kurame na Amurka a Jami'ar California San Diego (UCSD).  Ta haifi 'ya'ya biyu, David da Rob. 

Ta mutu a ranar 17 ga Afrilu, 2022, a La Jolla, California . 

## Littattafai

### Littattafai

# *Alamun Harshe.* [Hasiya] An samo asali ne daga asalin Amurka. - Paperback Edition, 1988; - An sake bugawa, 1995.  (Lambar daga Ƙungiyar Masu Buga na Amirka don Mafi Kyawun Littafin a cikin Kimiyya ta Halin).
# *Harshen da aka sanya hannu da magana: Ƙuntatawa na Biological akan Harshe.* Bellugi, U., & Studdert-Kennedy, M. Dahlem Konferenzen. Weinheim / Deerfield Beach, FL: Verlag Chemie, 1980.
# *Abin da Hannun ke Bayyanawa game da Brain.* [Hasiya] An samo asali ne daga littafin nan.
# *Harshe, tsari da kwakwalwa. Halin da ke faruwa a cikin Neurosciences.* 10, 380–388.   (An sake bugawa a cikin M.H. Johnson, (Ed.), Ci gaban kwakwalwa da fahimta.  London: Blackwell).
# *Alamar ilimin jijiyoyin jiki na harshe.* Bellugi, U., & Hickok, G. Washington, DC: Library of Congress.
# *Alamun aphasia.* A cikin F. Boller & J. Grafman (Eds.), Handbook of neuropsychology, (2nd ed pp 38-50). Hickok, G., & Bellugi, U. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier Science Publishers.
# *Gudanar da hankali, kwakwalwa da kwayoyin halitta: Shaida daga cutar Williams.* Halin da ke cikin Neurosciences, 5, 197-208. [Hasiya] An samo asali ne daga Ibrananci da aka yi amfani da ita a lokacin da aka samo asali ne a lokacin da ake amfani da ita.
# *Tafiya daga fahimta zuwa kwakwalwa zuwa kwayar halitta: Sabbin ra'ayoyi daga Williams Syndrome .* [Hasiya] An samo asali ne daga Ibrananci da aka yi amfani da shi a wannan talifin.
# *Tasiri, halayyar zamantakewa da kwakwalwa a cikin cutar Williams.* Jagoranci na yanzu a cikin Kimiyya ta Halitta. [Hasiya] An samo asali ne daga yaren Girka.
# *Ciwon Williams: Tsarin neurogenetic na halayyar ɗan adam. *A cikin Encyclopedia of the Human Genome . [Hasiya] An samo asali ne daga Ibrananci da aka yi amfani da su a lokacin da aka samo asali ne a lokacin da ake amfani da su.

### Littattafan da aka zaɓa

# [Hasiya] An samo asali ne daga Ibrananci da aka yi amfani da ita a lokacin da aka samo asali ne a lokacin da ake amfani da ita. "A human neurodevelopmental model for Williams syndrome". *Halitta*.
# [Hasiya] An samo asali ne daga Ibrananci da aka yi amfani da ita. Fahimtar motsin rai a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na kiɗa a cikin matasa tare da rikicewar Autism. [Hasiya]  (PMCID: PMC2963682) PubMed

## Manazarta