Molara Ogundipe

**Omolara Ogundipe-Leslie** (27 Disamba 1940 - 18 Yuni 2019),  wanda aka fi sani da **Molara Ogundipe**, ta kasance mawaƙiyar Nijeriya, mai sukar ra'ayi, edita, mai son ilimin mata da kuma himma. Idan aka dauki daya daga cikin manyan marubuta kan ilimin mata na Afirka, nazarin jinsi da ka’idar adabi, ta kasance mai sukar zamantakewar da aka amince da ita a matsayin wata hukuma mai tasiri ga matan Afirka a tsakanin baƙar fata mata da mata a gaba ɗaya.  Ta ba da gudummawar gaɓaɓɓiyar "Ba ta jujjuya baya a kan Axanƙanin Mazancinsa ba" ga tatsuniyoyin 1984 *Sisterhood Is Global: The International Women's Movement Anthology*, wanda Robin Morgan ya shirya .  An fi yin bikin ta ne don kirkirar kalmar STIWA  ko Canjin Zamani a Afirka ciki har da Mata.

## Rayuwa
An haifi **Abiodun Omolara Ogundipe** a garin Legas na tarayyar Najeriya, daga dangin malamai da malamai. Ta halarci makarantar Sarauniya, Ede, sannan ta zama mace ta farko da ta samu digiri na farko a digirin digirgir a digar Ingilishi a Kwalejin Jami'ar Ibadan, sannan kwaleji na Jami'ar Landan .  Ta daga baya ya aikata wani digiri na uku a Narratology (ka'idar labari) daga Leiden University, daya daga cikin tsofaffin jami'oi a Turai. Ta koyar da Nazarin Ingilishi, Rubutawa, Adabin kwatanta da Jinsi daga mahangar nazarin al'adu da ci gaba a jami'oi a nahiyoyi da dama,  sannan kuma ta kasance farfesa a fannin Inglsh da Comparative Lterature a Jami'ar Fatakwal, Jihar Ribas ta Najeriya.  Ta yi fice a farkon aikinta a tsakiyar fagen fasaha na maza da ke nuna damuwa game da matsalolin da ke damun maza da mata na Afirka.

An bayyana Molara Ogundipe a matsayin wacce take kan gaba a fagen nazarin ilimin addini wanda ke faruwa a tsakanin mata na Afirka. Tana da zurfin zurfin fahimtar al'adu game da tasirin alaƙar maza da mata a zamanin mulkin mallaka da kuma Yarbawa yan mulkin mallaka a matsayin madogara ga ka'idar ",  A tsawon shekarun da suka gabata, ta kasance mai sukar zaluncin mata kuma tana jayayya cewa Matan Afirka sun fi zalunci a matsayinsu da matsayinsu na matan aure. Dangane da asalinsu da yawa, a cikin waɗanne asali waɗanda suke jin daɗin matsayi, dama, sananniya da wakilci. Ta soki halin da matan Afirka ke ciki saboda tasirin tsarin mulkin mallaka da na mulkin-mallaka wanda ya kan sanya mazajen Afirka a lokacin da suke fuskantar matsin rayuwa. Halin da suke ciki kuma ya faru ne saboda shigar da iyayen mata na Afirka da kansu.  Ita kuwa, duk da haka, sai ta dage kan fahimtar mahimmancin matsayin matan Afirka a cikin al'adunsu na mulkin mallaka da na asali don kowane tattaunawa mai amfani ko nazarin matan Afirka.

Ogundipe ya kasance a cikin jagorancin gwagwarmayar mata da nazarin jinsi a Afirka shekaru da yawa. Ita ce ta kirkiro da kuma Darakta na Gidauniyar Ilimi ta Duniya da Kwarewa, wanda aka sadaukar domin koyar da 'yan mata akida da kyawawan halaye na ra'ayin mata da daidaiton jinsi. 

Ta rayu kuma ta yi aiki a Afirka ta Yamma, inda ta kafa cibiyoyin rubutu a jami’o’i, baya ga aikin da ta yi kan adabi, jinsi da fim, a cikin gudummawar da ta bayar ga jajircewarta na ilmantarwa da tsara tsakanin al’ummomi.

Ta mutu tana da shekara 78 a Ijebu-Igbo, Jihar Ogun, Najeriya, a watan Yunin 2019.  

Ta bar hera twoanta mata biyu: Dr. (Ts'gye Maryam) Rachel Titilayo Leslie, malama ce mai ilimin addini a Afirka wacce ke rubutu kan mahimmancin gadon Afirka ga al'adun duniya, da Dr. Isis Imotara Leslie, PhD, masanin ilimin siyasa wanda ya koyar a jami'o'in Amurka da yawa. Jikokin nata su ne Askia Tristan Folajimi Leslie, wacce ta kammala karatun Injiniyan Injiniya da Kode a Jami’ar Kalifoniya , Berkeley, da Joshua Tolu Victoriano, wanda ba da jimawa ba aka nada diakon a cikin Ikklesiyar Orthodox Orthodox Church a Habasha. 

## Rubutawa
Molara Ogundipe ta kasance a cikin jagorancin ilimin mata da ilimin jinsi a Afirka tun bayan kammala karatun ta a 1963 daga Jami'ar London.  Ta yi rubuce-rubuce da yawa na ilimi da kuma wallafe-wallafe, da kuma buga littattafai na almara da kuma tarin wakoki. Aikinta yana cikin tarihin rayuwar mata: rubutun nata "Ba jujjuya wa a kan hanyar Maleness" yana a cikin almara ta 1984 *Sisterhood Is Global: The International Women Movement Anthology*, wanda Robin Morgan ya shirya .  Kuma waƙoƙin da ta rubuta suna cikin tarihin *al'aura na 'Ya'yan Afirka*, wanda Margaret Busby ta shirya . 

## Sukar
A matsayinta na malama ’yar Najeriya, mai sukar lamiri, mai ilmantarwa kuma mai fafutuka, an amince da Ogundipe a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan marubuta kan matan Afirka da na mata  . Ta yi ikirarin nuna wariyar launin fata a Afirka da ta kira "Stiwanism" (Canjin Zamani a Afirka Ciki har da Mata) a cikin littafinta mai suna *Recreating Ourselves* . Shahararriyar malama kuma masaniyar adabi, ta wallafa rubuce-rubuce da yawa na waƙoƙi da sukar adabi ban da ayyukanta waɗanda aka ambata a ƙasa.

Stiwanism ya damu da ka'idoji guda bakwai: "STIWA" 1) ya nuna adawa ga mata na Yammacin 2) ya ba da kulawa ta musamman ga matan Afirka a wannan lokacin na zamani 3) ya kawo matsayin mata na asali na asali wanda ya kasance a Afirka 4) ya yi imani da duka hada da shiga cikin canjin-siyasa da sauyawa na nahiyar Afirka 5) yayi gwagwarmaya da jikin mace, mutuncinta, kasarta, da zamantakewarta da kuma yadda take gudanar da ayyukanta a cikin tsarin tattalin arziki da tattalin arziki 6) da gangan ya kebanta da mutum da kuma kasancewarta a dunkule (watau addini, aji, da Matsayin aure) 7) ya gane cewa akwai dalilai da kuma shaidu da yawa a cikin Afirka da kuma halaye daban-daban na mutane da ke aiki ta hanyoyi daban-daban da masu sabani. 

Ogundipe a farkon aikinta ya nuna cewa marubuci na gaske mai son sanin mata ya kamata ya fahimta ko kuma bayyana yadda mace take da kyau da kuma yadda za a ba da labarin mace. Ta yi imani sosai cewa sake gano matsayin mata a cibiyoyin zamantakewar jama'a da siyasa na Najeriya shine mafi kyawun hanyar inganta wadannan cibiyoyin. An san ta a matsayin marubuciya wacce ayyukanta ke kamala da rikitarwa a rayuwar Afirka. A cikin *Sake ƙirƙirar kanmu: Matan Afirka da Sauye-sauye masu mahimmanci*, ta yi rubutu mai ban sha'awa game da mawuyacin halin rubutu a cikin yarenta na gargajiya da juriyar maza ga daidaiton jinsi.  Ta hanyar dimbin gogewar adabi da rubuce-rubuce masu yawa da suka shafi jinsi, Ogundipe ya samar da "sarkakiya mai kyau" wanda zai baiwa mata mata na Afirka damar aiwatar da sauye-sauye masu ma'ana a cikin al'amuran da suka shafi jinsi, dangi da kuma zamantakewar da za ta iya ciyar da ci gaban kasa da nahiya gaba. 

## Littattafai

* *Dinka Tsoffin Zamani da Sauran Waƙoƙi*, 1985
* *Sake ƙirƙirar kanmu: Matan Afirka da Sauye-sauye masu mahimmanci*, 1994
* (ed.) ) *Mata a matsayin ralan wasa na baka*, 1994
* (ed. tare da Carole Boyce-Davies ) *Motsa Yankin Iyaka*, Afrilu 1995 (mujalladi biyu).
* *Jinsi da batun aiki.* *Karatun "Waƙar Lawino"* . Jami'ar Leiden ta Nesa. Leiden, CNWS, 1999

## Bayanan kula

## Manazarta

* Gay Wilentz: "Bincike: Postcolonial / Postmodern: Menene Aiki (l) d?" *Kwalejin Turanci*, Vol. 56, A'a. 1 (Janairu 1994).
* Gibreel M. Kamara: "Gwagwarmayar Mata a Tattaunawa a Senegal : Mariama Ba da Sembene Ousmane ". *Jaridar Nazarin Baki*, Vol. 32, A'a. 2, Nuwamba 2001.
* Allan, Tuzyline Jita: "Nazarin littattafai, Sake ƙirƙirar kanmu: Matan Afirka da Sauye-sauye Masu Sauƙi daga Molara Ogundipe-Leslie". *Bincike a cikin wallafe-wallafen Afirka*, bazarar 1995.
* Ogundipe (aka Ogundipe-Leslie), M. *igenan asalin asali da na zamani game da batun jinsi da kuma Batutuwan da suka shafi Afirka: Tasirin ci gaban Nijeriya* . Lagos, Benin, Ibadan, Jos, Oxford, Zaria: Malthouse Limited P., 2005.

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* "Desiree Lewis ta tattauna da Molara Ogundipe , babbar masaniyar ilimin mata, mawaƙa, mai sukar adabi, mai ilmantarwa da kuma himma, game da yanayin siyasa, al'adu da ilimi".
* "Hooray ga Majagaba a Nazarin Adabin Afirka!" , *Jaridar* Liteungiyar Adabin *Afirka*, 5: 2, 179-181, DOI: 10.1080 / 21674736.2010.11690165.
* "Molara Ogundipe-Leslie", *Bayan Labari theaya* .