Jan Filip (firist)

**Jan Filip** (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Disamba 1911 a Přibyslav; ya mutu a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba 1971 a Kratonohy, kusa da Hradec Králové) ya kasance firist na Czech, likita na tauhidin, farfesa, marubuci, Esperantist, kuma lexicographer.

## Rayuwa
An haife shi a cikin iyalin Francisko Filip, mai saƙa a Přibyslav wanda ya riga ya sami wasu yara huɗu: 'yan uwan Jan Venceslao da Francisko da' yan'uwa mata Karla da Maria. Bayan shekaru hudu, an haifi wani ɗan'uwa, Karlo. Jan Filip ya yi girma a Přibyslav, inda ya halarci makarantar firamare. An yarda da shi zuwa makarantar sakandare a Prague, wanda ya gama da Abitur, inda ya sami kyakkyawan sakamako, a 1931. A Hradec Králové, ya yi karatu a makarantar tauhidi don fastoci, kuma a 1936 ya zama firist. Ya yi bikin babban taro na 'Ya'yan itace na farko a garinsu Přibyslav .

Ya fara ne a matsayin limami a Jičín . Bayan shekara guda, ya kasance mai gudanarwa a Ikklisiya na Nová Ves nad Popelkou . Shekara guda, ya kasance limami a Kutná Hora kuma a ƙarshe, ya koyar da addini, tarihi, da Latin a makarantar sakandare da makarantar malamai na shekaru shida, kuma a Kutná Hor. Ya koyar da shekara guda a makarantar sakandare a Dvůr Králové, na wani shekara a makarantar sakandaren a Jičín, kuma na wasu shekaru uku a makarantar sak sakandaren da ke Náchod.

Filip, mai baiwa mai shekaru tara, ya koyi Esperanto a 1921. A shekara ta 1925, yana da shekaru 13, ya fara rubuta babban ƙamus na Esperanto-Czech, saboda a lokacin babu wani abu na irin wannan da aka taɓa bugawa. Bayan shekaru uku ya gama tattara ƙamus, tare da taimakon ɗan'uwansa Karel Filip, kuma duk da gaskiyar cewa wasu shekaru biyu sun wuce kafin a buga shi a 1930, ya zama ƙaramin marubuci a duniya. An buga bugu na biyu a shekara ta 1947, kuma an sake bugawa a shekara ta 1987. Kalmomin Esperanto-Czech da Czech-Esperanto, wanda aka rubuta tare da ɗan'uwansa Karel, ya bayyana a Prague a 1958 tare da shafuka 550 da 450.

An buga fassarar tarin waƙoƙin gargajiya na Czech zuwa Esperanto sau biyu. A lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare a Prague, ƙungiyar Esperantists ta duniya ta ba da sanarwar gasa don mafi kyawun waka game da Budurwa Maryamu a Esperanto. Kyautar farko a cikin gasar ta kasance alama ce kawai, amma kyakkyawa: tarin fararen furanni, wanda wanda mai nasara zai sanya a ƙafafun mutum-mutumi na Budurwa Maryamu a Lourdes. Jan Filip, a lokacin matashi ne kawai daga Prague, ya lashe kyautar farko. Duk da gaskiyar cewa shi da kansa bai ziyarci Lourdes ba, saboda makarantarsa ba ta ba shi izinin ba, wakilan daga Klubo de Katolikaj Espertojantis sun sanya tarin fararen furanni a ƙafafun Budurwa Maryamu a Lourdes. Sunan Czech Esperantist Jan Filip nan da nan an san shi a duk faɗin Esperanto.

* Bělička pro pana profesora (1934, a matsayin V. M. Vlček) 
* Bílá sova (1939, kamar yadda V. M. Vlček) 
* Biely Donja (1948, tare da ɗan'uwansa Karel) 
* Cestou淘 (1945, tare da ɗan'uwansa Karel) 
* **Chrám** (1934, a matsayin V. M. Vlček) 
* Konec sveta (1933 da 1935, a matsayin V. M. Vlček) 
* **Křížek na čele** (1939, a matsayin V. M. Vlček) 
* **Květy mládí** (1934 da 1936, a matsayin V. M. Vlček) 
* **Pomněnka** (1930, a matsayin V. M. Vlček) 
* **U Jezulátka** (1941, 1943, 1991) 
* Jarabali Hulk (1948) 
* Rubuce-rubuce. Obraz z Dobri mai suna "Yari" (1932, a matsayin Václav Vlček) 
* **Sestra Anunciata** (1934, a matsayin V. M. Vlček) 
* U brány Milosrdných (1937, a matsayin V. M. Vlček) 
* **Za vznešeným** cilem (1944)