Abdul Rahman Hassan Azzam

**Abdul Rahman Hassan Azzam** ( Arabic   ; 8 Maris 1893 - 2 Yuni 1976), wanda aka fi sani da **Azzam Pasha**, jami'in diflomasiyya ne kuma ɗan siyasa na Masar .  Shi ne Sakatare Janar na farko na Ƙungiyar Larabawa, daga 22 Maris 1945 zuwa Satumba 1952. 

Azzam kuma yana da dogon aiki a matsayin Jakadan da kuma dan majalisa. Ya kasance dan kasar Masar, daya daga cikin manyan masu goyon bayan manufofin Larabawa, kuma ya yi adawa da raba Falasdinu.

## Iyali da rayuwar farko
Mahaifin Abd al-Rahman Azzam, Hassan Bey, an haife shi ne a cikin dangin Larabawa na sama wanda ya zama sananne a farkon rabin karni na sha tara a Shubak al-Gharbi, ƙauyen da ke kusa da Helwan (kudancin Alkahira).  Kakansa, Salim Ali Azzam, yana ɗaya daga cikin Larabawa na farko da ya zama darektan lardin Giza na kudanci; mahaifinsa, Hassan Salim Azzam, ya kasance mai aiki a cikin hukumomin gudanarwa da yawa. Mahaifiyar Azzam, Nabiha, ita ma ta fito ne daga dangi mai daraja. Mahaifinta, Khalaf al-Saudi, mai mallakar ƙasa ne kuma Shaykh kuma dangin mahaifiyarta sun fito ne daga kabilun da yawa na yankin Larabawa.

A cewar mai ba da labari Ralph Coury, malamai da sauransu sun kammala cewa asalin "Peninsular" na Azzam ya bayyana tunaninsa na asalin Larabawa. Tun a farkon 1923, wani jami'in Burtaniya ya rubuta: "Iyalin Azzam, duk da cewa sun zauna a Misira na wasu tsararraki, sun fito ne daga tsoffin kayan Larabawa, kuma koyaushe suna manne wa al'adun Larabawa da manufofin rayuwa", ya kara da cewa, "a kimanta halin Abdul Rahman, ba za a taɓa mantawa da jinin Larabawa ba. "  Koyaya, Coury ya rubuta cewa Azzams sun kasance gaba ɗaya a daidaita su cikin rayuwar ƙauye kuma ba su ga kansu kamar yadda suka bambanta da Masarawa ba. Azzam ya taɓa cewa, "Ba a kawo mu da masaniya mai ƙarfi game da zuriyar Bedouin ba. Mu Larabawa ne saboda mu 'ya'ya maza' ne ko 'ya' ya bambanta da Turks, amma an yi amfani da kalmar 'Arabiya' don haka ga Bedouin kuma ba za mu yi amfani da ita ga juna ba".

### Yaronta da ilimi
Abd al-Rahman Azzam, na takwas cikin yara goma sha biyu, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Maris 1893, a Shubak al-Gharbi . Iyalinsa sun kasance *Fellahin dhwati* ("masu sanannun manoma"), wanda matsayinsu ya ƙayyade ta ƙasa, dukiya, da ikon siyasa. Gidan Azzam sau da yawa yana cikin gida ga tarurruka na ƙauyen ƙauyen, kuma ya ci gaba da sha'awar siyasa tun yana ƙarami. A cewar ɗan'uwansa, Abd al-Aziz Azzam, Azzam "an haife shi dan siyasa" ne wanda zai tsaya a saman matakala tun yana yaro kuma ya ba da jawabin siyasa ga 'yan uwansa.

A cikin 1903, iyalin Azzam sun koma Helwan don sauƙaƙe halartar Hassan Bey a taron gwamnati a cikin birni. Effendis waɗanda suka kasance baƙi masu yawa zuwa Shubak yanzu sun zama maƙwabta, kuma abota da ta haɓaka cikin sauri tsakanin yara effendi da Azzam ya sa ya nace ya halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya (*ibtidaiyyah*) maimakon Azhar. Azzam ya kasance a Helwan ta hanyar makarantar sakandare kuma, bayan kammala karatunsa, ya yanke shawarar karatun likita. Game da shawarar da ya yanke, ya ce: "Ina so in kasance mai aiki a siyasa kuma na yi tunanin cewa zan iya yin aikin likita a duk inda Landan gwagwarmayar zata iya haifar. "  A cikin 1912 Azzam ya bar Masar zuwa London, inda ya shiga makarantar likitan asibitin St. Thomas.

### Rikici game da "yaƙin hallaka"
Wata rana bayan Misira_Declaration_of_Independence" id="mw9w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Israeli Declaration of Independence">Sanarwar 'yancin Isra'ila (14 ga Mayu 1948), sojoji da masu sa kai daga Siriya, Iraki, Masar da Transjordan sun shiga Falasdinu kuma sun shiga dubban Palasdinawa. Wannan ya nuna farkon Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na 1948.  Azzam ya ruwaito ya ce a wannan rana (ko a ranar da yaƙin ya faru), "Wannan zai zama yaƙin hallaka da kuma kisan kiyashi mai mahimmanci wanda za a yi magana game da shi kamar kisan kiyashin Mongoliya da Crusades. " An yawanci ambaton wannan ƙa'idar a taron manema labarai a Alkahira, wanda BBC ta watsa (a wasu sassan).  A cikin 1961, wani marubucin Masar ya kira wannan ƙa'idar "cikakken ba tare da mahallin ba": "Azzam a zahiri ya ce yana tsoron cewa idan za a kori mutanen Falasdinu da karfi kuma a kan duk haƙƙin da za a yi, bala'i da za a iya kwatanta da mamayewar Mongol da Crusades bazai iya gujewa ba ... Maganawa ga Crusaders da Mongols ya bayyana ra'ayin masu mamaye Zionist na kasashen waje da yawancin Larabawa suka raba.

## manazarta