John Markoff

**John Gregory Markoff** (an haife shi a watan Oktoba 24, 1949   ) ɗan jarida ne wanda aka fi sanim aikinsa na ɗaukar fasaha a *[[New York Times|The New York Times]]* na tsawon shekaru 28 har ya yi ritaya a 2016,  da littafi da jerin labarai game da 1990s bi da kama dan gwanin kwamfuta Kevin Mitnick .  

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Markoff an haife shi a Oakland, California, kuma ya girma a Palo Alto, California .  Ya kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Whitman, Walla Walla, Washington, tare da BA a fannin zamantakewa a 1971. Bugu da ƙari, ya sami MA a fannin zamantakewa daga Jami'ar Oregon a 1976. 

Bayan ya bar makarantar digiri, ya koma California inda ya fara rubutawa don Sabis na Labaran Pacific, madadin labaran-labarai da ke San Francisco . Ya ba da kansa ga wallafe-wallafe da yawa ciki har da *The Nation*, *Mother Jones* da *Asabar Review* . A cikin 1981 ya zama wani ɓangare na ainihin ma'aikatan masana'antar kwamfuta na mako-mako *InfoWorld* . A cikin 1984 ya zama edita a *Mujallar Byte* kuma a cikin 1985 ya bar zama ɗan jarida a sashin kasuwanci na *San Francisco Examiner*, inda ya rubuta game da Silicon Valley .

A cikin 1988 ya koma New York don rubuta wa sashen kasuwanci na *New York Times* . A cikin Nuwamba 1988 ya ba da rahoton cewa Robert Tappan Morris, ɗan Jami'ar Tsaron Tsaro ta ƙasa Robert Morris, shi ne marubucin abin da za a sani da tsutsa ta Intanet .

A cikin Disamba 1993 ya rubuta wani labarin farko game da Gidan Yanar Gizo na Duniya, yana magana da shi a matsayin "taswirar abubuwan da aka binne na Zamanin Bayanai." 

### Markoff da Kevin Mitnick

A ranar 4 ga Yuli, 1994, ya rubuta labarin game da Kevin Mitnick, wanda a lokacin ya kasance mai gudu daga wasu hukumomin tilasta bin doka.  Ya sake rubuta wasu sassa da yawa yana bayanin kama Mitnick. Markoff kuma ya rubuta tare, tare da Tsutomu Shimomura, littafin *Takedown: The Pursuit and Capture of America's Most Wanted Computer Outlaw* game da korar. 

Rubutun Markoff game da Mitnick ya kasance batun zargi daga magoya bayan Mitnick da jam'iyyun da ba su da alaka da su wadanda suka ci gaba da cewa asusun Markoff ya yi karin gishiri ko ma ƙirƙira ayyukan Mitnick da nasarorin. Har ila yau, Jonathan Littman ya tuhumi Markoff da laifin rashin da'a na aikin jarida da kuma zage-zage na ainihin laifukan Mitnick.  Littman ya buga wani ƙarin labarin tausayi na lokacin Mitnick a matsayin mai gudun hijira a cikin littafinsa game da abin da ya faru, *Wasan Fugitive* . Markoff ya tsaya kan rahotonsa..

Daga baya littafin ya zama fim da aka fitar kai tsaye zuwa bidiyo a Amurka . Fim ɗin ya ci gaba da yawa, tare da Markoff da kansa ya bayyana wa *San Francisco Chronicle* a cikin 2000, "Ina tsammanin fim ɗin rashin gaskiya ne." Mitnick ya bayyana cewa ya sasanta karar da mai rabawa Miramax kan fim ɗin kan kudin da ba a bayyana ba. 

### Post-Mitnick
Bayan Mitnick, Markoff ya ci gaba da yin rubutu game da fasaha, yana mai da hankali a wasu lokuta akan hanyar sadarwar mara waya, rubuta labaran farko game da mara waya ta hanyar sadarwa mara waya, eriya-array-array, da tsarin eriya da yawa, da yawa ( MIMO ) don haɓaka Wi-Fi . Ya rufe hutun Jim Gillogly na 1999 na sassan uku na farko na CIA's Kryptos cipher http://www.und.nodak.edu/org/crypto/crypto/general.crypt.info/Kryptos/solution, kuma yana yin rubutu akai-akai game da semiconductor da supercomputers kuma. Ya rubuta kasidu biyu na farko da ke bayyana yadda Admiral John Poindexter ya koma gwamnati da kuma samar da Total Information Awareness project. Ya raba lambar yabo ta 2005 Gerald Loeb a cikin Rubutun Ƙarshe don labarin "Ƙarshen Zamani".  A cikin 2009 ya tashi daga sashin Kasuwanci / Fasaha na *New York Times* zuwa sashin Kimiyya.

Markoff ya ba da gudummawa ga shigarwar ma'aikatan *New York Times* wanda ya karɓi lambar yabo ta 2013 Pulitzer don Bayar da Bayani . Jerin labaran 10 sun bincika ayyukan kasuwanci na Apple da sauran kamfanonin fasaha.   Ya yi murabus daga matsayinsa na cikakken lokaci tare da *The New York Times* a ranar 1 ga Disamba, 2016.  Ya ci gaba da aiki a matsayin ɗan jarida mai zaman kansa ga *Times* da sauran ƙungiyoyi da masu sa kai a Gidan Tarihi na Tarihi na Kwamfuta .  Shi abokin tarayya ne na Cibiyar Stanford don Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru na Mutum. 

An yi hira da Markoff a cikin *Kun Amince da Wannan Kwamfuta?*, daftarin aiki na 2018 akan hankali na wucin gadi .

## Littattafai

* *Babban Kuɗin Babban Tech* (tare da Lennie Siegel ) (1985) 
* 
* *Ɗaukarwa: Biyewa da Kame Haramcin Kwamfuta da aka fi so a Amurka* (tare da Tsutomu Shimomura ) (1995) 
* *Abin da Dormouse ya ce : Yadda 60s Counterculture ya tsara Masana'antar Kwamfuta ta Keɓaɓɓu* (2005) 
* 
* 
* *Injin Ƙaunar Ƙaunar Alheri: Ƙaunar Ƙauna Tsakanin Mutane da Robots* (2015) 
* *Duk Duniya: Yawancin Rayuwar Stewart Brand* (Penguin Press, 2022). ISBN&nbsp; 

## Duba kuma

* *Tarihin Sirrin Hacking*, wani fim na 2001 na gaskiya wanda ke nuna Markoff

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* 
* Interview with John Markoff about *What the Dormouse Said*, April 13, 2006 (audio) at Wikimedia Commons
* Recent and archival news by John Markoff of ''The New York Times''.
* John Markoff radio interview on Tech Nation
* TED Talks: John Markoff on newspapers at TED in 2007
* Appearances on C-SPAN