Ali Jalali

**Ali Ahmad Jalali** (Pashto / US">Dari) ɗan siyasan Afghanistan ne, diflomasiyya, kuma masanin kimiyya. Jalali ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan cikin gida daga Janairu 2003 zuwa Satumba 2005. Ya kuma kasance fitaccen farfesa a Cibiyar Nazarin dabarun Kudancin Asiya ta Tsakiya (NESA) a Jami'ar Tsaro ta Kasa a Washington, DC .  A watan Agustan 2021, a cikin rushewar gwamnatin Afghanistan da ke da goyon bayan Amurka, an yi jita-jita cewa Jalali zai zama shugaban gwamnatin Afghanistan ta wucin gadi da ke karkashin ikon Taliban,  wanda ya musanta a Twitter a matsayin "labaran karya". 

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Jalali a Kabul, Afghanistan a 1940, ɗan marigayi Farfesa G. Jelani Jalali . Ya kasance cikin siyasa da kafofin watsa labarai ga Dari yawan rayuwarsa. A baya ya yi aiki tare da Muryar Amurka  sama da shekaru 20 yana rufe Afghanistan, Kudancin da Asiya ta Tsakiya, da Gabas ta Tsakiya.

## Ayyuka

### Soja da siyasa
Jalali tsohon kwamandan ne a cikin Sojojin Kasa na Afghanistan kuma ya kasance babban mai tsara soja tare da juriyar Afghanistan bayan mamayar Soviet a Afghanistan . Ya halarci manyan kwalejoji da ma'aikata a Afghanistan, Amurka, Ingila, da Rasha, kuma ya ba da lacca a ko'ina.

A matsayinsa na Ministan Cikin Gida na Afghanistan bayan Taliban, ya kirkiro rundunar da aka horar da 'yan sanda 50,000 na Afghanistan (ANP) da' yan sanda 12,000 na kan iyaka don yin aiki yadda ya kamata a kan miyagun ƙwayoyi, yaki da ta'addanci, da kuma binciken aikata laifuka don yaki da aikata laifukan da aka tsara da kuma ƙetare kan iyaka ba bisa ka'ida ba. Ya samu nasarar jagorantar ayyukan kasar don kare babban majalisa na kundin tsarin mulki (Loya Jirga) a shekara ta 2003, rajistar masu jefa kuri'a a duk fadin kasar da kuma alamar zaben shugaban kasa na shekara ta 2004, da kuma zaben majalisar dokoki a shekara ta 2005.

Kafin ya hau matsayin minista a Kabul, Jalali ya yi aiki a matsayin mai watsa shirye-shirye a Muryar Amurka a Washington, DC daga 1982 zuwa 2003. A wannan lokacin, ya ba da umarnin watsa shirye-shirye a cikin Pashto, Dari, yarukan Farisa zuwa Afghanistan, Iran da Asiya ta Tsakiya. A matsayinsa na ɗan jarida, ya rufe yakin da aka yi a Afghanistan daga 1982 zuwa 1993 da kuma tsohuwar Soviet ta Asiya ta Tsakiya daga 1993 zuwa 2000 kuma ya yi tafiya sosai a fadin yankin.

A lokacin aikin soja a cikin sojojin Afghanistan (1961-81), Jalali ya yi aiki a matsayin kwamandan, ma'aikata da kuma mukamai na ilimi tare da matsayi na karshe na kolonel. Ya halarci manyan cibiyoyin ilimi a Afghanistan, Amurka, Ingila da Rasha.

Dan Amurka ne tun 1987, Jalali ya bar aikinsa a matsayin mai watsa shirye-shirye na VOA don ya zama Ministan Cikin Gida na Afghanistan. Jalali ya maye gurbin Taj Mohammad Wardak a watan Janairun shekara ta 2003.

A watan Janairun shekara ta 2009 wani labarin da Ahmad Majidyar na Cibiyar Kasuwancin Amurka ya wallafa ya hada da Jalali a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan takara goma sha biyar a zaben shugabancin Afghanistan na shekara ta 2009.  Koyaya, bisa ga Babi na Uku, Mataki na sittin da biyu na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Afghanistan ɗan ƙasar Afghanistan zai zama shugaban Afghanistan. Tun da Afghanistan ba ta sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniyar zama 'yan ƙasa biyu ba, zai zama dole a gare shi ya yi watsi da zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka kuma ya sami' yan asalin Afghanistan kafin ya nemi ofishin. Jalali bai kammala wadannan matakai ba, kuma ba a lissafa shi a cikin kuri'a a watan Agusta 2009.

### Mawallafin

Wani sanannen masanin soja da siyasa, Jalali yana da ƙwarewar ilimi, gudanarwa, aikin jarida da rubuce-rubuce. Marubucin da aka buga a cikin harsuna uku (Turanci, Pashto, Dari), Jalali shine marubucin littattafai da labarai da yawa game da batutuwan siyasa, soja da tsaro a Afghanistan, Iran da Asiya ta Tsakiya ciki har da batutuwar da suka shafi ƙungiyoyin Islama a yankin. Ana buga ayyukansa a Amurka, Burtaniya, Afghanistan, Pakistan, da Iran.

Ya rubuta da yawa game da Sojojin Afghanistan don mujallu na ilimi da kafofin watsa labarai, ban da bayar da rahoto game da Afghanistan da Asiya ta Tsakiya don VOA kusan kusan shekaru ashirin.

Jalali shine marubucin littattafai da yawa, gami da tarihin soja na uku na Afghanistan . Littafinsa na baya-bayan nan, The Other Side of the Mountain (2002), wanda aka rubuta tare da Lester Grau, bita ne na nazarin yakin Mujahedin tare da sojojin Soviet a Afghanistan daga 1979 zuwa 1989.

Jalali ya rubuta wani zargi mai tasiri a cikin bazara na 2002 game da rawar da sojojin Amurka ke takawa a Afghanistan, yana jayayya cewa yadda Amurka ta yi amfani da shugabannin gida a yakin da aka yi da ta'addanci "ya kara karfin shugabannin yaƙi kuma ya karfafa su kalubalanci hukumomin tsakiya. " Daga baya ya sauƙaƙe zargi amma ya nuna cewa 'yan bindiga na cikin gida har yanzu suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen aiki tare da sojojin Amurka.

Shi mai sharhi ne akai-akai kan tsaro da ci gaba na Afghanistan da na yanki a manyan cibiyoyin talabijin na Amurka (ciki har da CNN, ABC, NBC, MSNBC, FOX News, PBS, NPR) da kuma Australian National TV (ABC) da Canadian CBC.

An kuma buga labaran Jalali da maganganun a cikin The New York Times, The Washington Post, Christian Science Monitor da sauran manyan takardu na Amurka da Turai. Yawancin labaransa na ilimi an buga su ne ta hanyar Parameters, babban mujallar kwararru na Sojojin Amurka, daga 2001 zuwa 2010.

### Koyarwa
Jalali ya koyar a cibiyoyin ilimi na Afghanistan da Amurka kuma ya ba da lacca sosai a Kwalejin Yakin Sojojin Amurka, Makarantar Sakandare ta Sojan Ruwa ta Amurka, Monterey, California, Kwalejin Kwamandan da Janar, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, da Kwalejin Ma'aikatan Sojojin Burtaniya, Camberley, Ingila.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Jalali ta auri Homaira Jalali kuma ma'auratan suna da ɗa da 'yar.

## Kyaututtuka

* Babban lambar yabo ta Jihar Afghanistan "Wazir Akbar Khan" 2005
* Kyautar Kyautattun Ayyuka ta Afghanistan, Kundin Tsarin Mulki Loya Jirga 2004,
* Kyautar Sojojin Afghanistan Baryal 1-Gold 1968,
* Kyautar Sojojin Afghanistan Baryal 2-Silver 1964,
* Kyautar Sojojin Afghanistan Baryal 3-Bronze 1961,
* Sojojin Afghanistan Wartia (Ayyuka Masu Kyau) Medal- Bronze 1967,
* Sojojin Afghanistan Wartia (Ayyuka Masu Kyau) Medal- Azurfa 1977,
* Kyautar Ayyukan Gwamnatin Amurka ta 2003
* Ofishin Jakadancin Tarayyar Amurka na shekaru 15, 20, da 25 a 1997, 2003 da 2011,
* Kyaututtuka huɗu na VOA mai ɗorewa 1984-1990,
* Goma sha ɗaya na VOA Excellence a cikin Kyaututtuka na Shirye-shirye 1985-1992,

## Littattafai

### Littattafai da surori na littattafai

* *Tarihin Soja na Afghanistan daga Babban Wasan zuwa Yakin Duniya kan Ta'addanci* Jami'ar Kansas, Maris 2017,
* *Sojojin Tsaro da Tsaro na Afghanistan a cikin Canji*, USIP, Washington DC, Mayu 2016,
* Laifin Kasuwanci da ƙalubalen hadin gwiwar yanki - littafi Babi a cikin "Ƙalubalen Tsaro na Ƙasashen Asiya," Routledge India, Yuni 2015. Littafin tarin litattafai ne da ke bincika yadda batutuwan da ba na gargajiya ba za su iya bayyana a matsayin ƙalubalen tsaro, da kuma rawar da jihar da sojoji ke takawa wajen magance waɗannan.
* Yakin da ba a saba gani ba na kabilun Pashtun a Yakin Mughal a ƙarni na 16 da 17, Kabul, Fabrairu 2012,
* Monograph: Afghanistan - Kalubale na Canjin zuwa Zaman Lafiya, Cibiyar Nazarin Dabarun Masarautar da Bincike (ECSSR), Abu Dhabi, Disamba 2012,
* Kalubale na Canjin Tsaro a Afghanistan - Babi na Littafin, Jami'ar Kasa ta Singapore, Yuli 2012
* The Other Side of the Mountain, wanda aka rubuta tare da Lester Grau, US Marine Corps 1998, Barnes da Nobles 2001, Cass Publishers 2002. Sauran masu bugawa da yawa. Binciken bincike ne na yakin Mujahedin tare da sojojin Soviet a Afghanistan daga 1979 zuwa 1989, 2002, 2011,
* Makomar Sojojin Tsaro a Afghanistan. Babi na littafi a cikin "The Future of Afghanistan," Cibiyar Zaman Lafiya ta Amurka (USIP). Janairu 2009,
* Ƙalubalen sake samun ƙarfi a Afghanistan. Wani babi na littafi a cikin "Tsaron Asiya" ta Cibiyar Tsaro da Nazarin Dabarun (IDSA), New Delhi, Indiya, Fabrairu 2009,
* Gwagwarmaya da Narcotics a Afghanistan. "Babi na littafi a Cibiyar Nazarin Dabarun Kasa (INSS) "Binciken Tsaro na Duniya," Jami'ar Tsaro ta Kasa. Oktoba 2008,
* Afghanistan: Ƙalubalen Ginin Jiha. Wani babi na littafi a cikin "Afghanistan: canji a karkashin barazana," Geoffrey Hayes, edita, da Mark Sedra, edita a Wilfrid Laurier University Press, Agusta 2008,
* Afghanistan: Kyautar Yaƙi da Ƙalubalen Zaman Lafiya.2006. Wani babi na littafi a cikin "Building a New Afghanistan," na Robert I. Rotberg ed. Brookings Institution Press da Gidauniyar Zaman Lafiya ta Duniya, 2006,
* Zaɓuɓɓukan Ayyuka na Ustad G. Jilani Jalali, Gabatarwa da Ed. [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 5]
* The Voroshilov Lectures, wanda aka fassara daga bayanan lacca daga Kwalejin Janar na Soviet kuma aka shirya shi a cikin kundi uku, NDU Press, 1989, 1990, 1992,
* A Historical Perspective on Iran-Afghan Relationship, wani babi a cikin littafin da ake kira "Iran and Eurasia" wanda Ali Mohammadi ya shirya, Ithaca Press, London, 2000
* Theory of Combat, Cibiyar Rikicin Soja, 1989, Ya shiga a matsayin memba na Cibiyar a rubuce-rubuce na fahimtar ka'idoji game da yanayin tsarin yaƙi a matsayin tushen samfurin da ci gaban kwaikwayon.
* Rayuwa da Lokaci na Sojan gargajiya na Afghanistan Khushal Khan, a cikin Pashto, Kabul, 1978,
* Nazarin Afghanistan Tarihi daga Ra'ayi na Soja, kundi biyu, MOD Press, Kabul, 1967. Cikakken binciken siyasa da dabarun a tarihin soja na Afghanistan (shafi 1100) 
* War and Diplomacy, littafi na babi 12 game da amfani da ikon soja a cikin alaƙar kasa da kasa (shafuka 450). Ya dogara ne akan laccoci da na bayar a matsayin farfesa a Cibiyar diflomasiyya (Kolejin Yaƙi), Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje, Kabul, 1974-1978,
* "Tsarin Soja a cikin Yakin Ƙayyadaddun", a Dari, Kabul, 1971,
* Littafin rubutu a kan ƙananan raka'a Tactics (ƙungiya, kamfani), a Dari, Kabul, 1968,
* Littafin rubutu a kan manyan raka'a Tactics (Battalion, Regiment, Division), a Dari, Kabul, 1976,
* Shafuka na Tarihin Afghanistan: Tarin shirye-shiryen rediyo 150 don Rediyon Afghanistan, Kabul, 1969-1975,
* Shirye-shiryen Horar da Sojoji don Sojoji da Tankun raka'a (CPX, Field Exercise da Wargames), Kabul, 1972,

### Labaran da aka buga kwanan nan

* Yankin Afghanistan na fata ya fashe, The Hill, Congress Blog, da Nuwamba 18, 2015,
* "Sabunta Yarjejeniyar Jama'a ta Afghanistan", IPI Global Observatory, Disamba 8, 2015,
* "Gwamnatin hadin kan kasa ta Afghanistan", wani Takaitaccen Taron Zaman Lafiya a USIP (Disamba 2014) kan tattauna kalubalen da Gwamnatin hadin kai ta Afghanistan ke fuskanta,
* Canjin Sashin Tsaro a Afghanistan-Achevements and Setbacks, wanda Jaridar Ayyukan Zaman Lafiya ta Duniya (JIPO) ta buga, Maris 2012,
* Ƙungiyoyin da ba na Jiha ba - Ƙalubalen da Dama, wanda aka buga ta Musamman na Jaridar Red Cross ta Duniya, Geneva, bazara 2011,
* Bayani game da hutun gidan yarin Kandahar (Casuce-Casuce da Rashin amincewar jama'a), wanda aka buga a shafin ra'ayi na New York Times a ranar 26 ga Afrilu, 2010.
* "Afghanistan in Transition," wanda aka buga a cikin fitowar kaka ta 2010 na Parameters wanda ke samuwa akan layi.
* Bayani game da Binciken dabarun Amurka don Afghanistan a shafin ra'ayi na New York Times a ranar 16 ga Disamba, 2010.
* Abin da za a yi tsammani daga Janar Petraeus, New York Times, Yuni 24, 2010
* Afghanistan: Magani na dogon lokaci da gajerun hanyoyi masu haɗari, Prism Quarterly (NDU), wanda aka buga a watan Satumbar 2010
* Zabe Mai kyau ne a Afghanistan Zai yiwu, New York Times, Oktoba 21, 2009
* Shin lokaci ya yi da za a tattauna da Taliban, New York Times, Satumba 1, 2009
* Afghanistan: A Long Hot Summer da A Call for Change, Far Eastern Economic Review, Yuli / Agusta 2009 fitowar
* Nasara a Afghanistan, Parameters, fitowar bazara ta 2009, Carlisle Barracks, Penn, Amurka, Mayu 2009
* Yadda za a ci nasara a Afghanistan, OP-ED, The Washington Times, Maris 1, 2009
* Afghanistan: Sake samun Momentum, Parameters, hunturu 2007-2008 fitowar, Carlisle Barracks, Penn, Amurka, Janairu 2008
* Sojojin tafiye-tafiye: Fasahar Fasaha ta Kashe - Yakin Maiwand . 2006. An rubuta shi tare da Lester W. Grau . Wani babi na littafi a cikin "Sojojin Burtaniya 1815-1914,) Harold E. Raugh Jr. Ed. Ashgate Publishing Limited, Ingila, Amurka. 2006
* Yaki da opium a Afghanistan. 2006. An rubuta shi tare da Robert B. Oakley da Zoe Hunter . Taron dabarun No. 224, Cibiyar Nazarin dabarun kasa, Jami'ar Tsaro ta Kasa, Nuwamba 2006, Washington DC
* An haramta cin zarafin kan iyaka: Yakin Spetsnaz a cikin Pakistan a lokacin Soviet-Afghan, Jaridar Nazarin Sojojin Slavic, Disamba 2006
* Shekaru biyar bayan haka Afghanistan ta biya bashin watsi. Baltimore Sun, 8 ga Oktoba, 2006. Har ila yau, wasu manyan takardu da yawa a duk faɗin ƙasar da Khalij Times sun buga shi. Labarin ya sake nazarin shekaru biyar da suka gabata kuma ya ba da shawarwari kan hanyoyin inganta yanayin tsaro a Afghanistan.
* Ginin Kasar a kan Kasuwanci. 2006. Jaridar Washington Post, 28 ga Mayu, 2006
* Makomar Afghanistan, Parameters, fitowar bazara ta 2006, Carlisle Barracks, Penn, Amurka, Fabrairu 2006
* Afghanistan a cikin 2002: Yakin samun zaman lafiya, Binciken Asiya, Jami'ar Berkeley, Ca. Janairu 2003
* Demobilizing War machines: Making Peace last, takarda da aka gabatar kuma aka buga ta taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Rebuilding Societies Emerging from Conflict (Satumba 9-11, 2002) 
* Sake gina Sojojin Kasa na Afghanistan, Parameters, Amurka. Kwalejin Yakin Soja, Autumn, 2002
* Afghanistan: Kasancewar Siyasa da Tsaro, Jami'ar Georgetown, Cibiyar Fahimtar Musulmi da Kirista, bazara 2002
* Haɗin gwiwar dabarun Rasha da Iran, Parameters, US. Kwalejin Yaƙi na Sojoji, Winter 2001
* Cikakken Binciken Soja na Yakin Maiwand (Pashto), Kungiyar Al'adu ta Afghanistan, Peshawar, 2000
* Sojojin Bincike: Fasahar Fasaha ta Kashe - Yakin Maiwand, "Binciken Sojojin Amurka, Mayu-Yuni 2001
* Afghanistan: Anatomy na rikici mai ci gaba, Parameters, US. Kwalejin Yaƙi ta Soja, bazara 2001
* Kamfen don koguna: yaƙe-yaƙe na Zhawar a cikin yaƙin Soviet-Afghan - yaƙin koguna: yakin Zhawar yayin yaƙin Soviet a Afghanistan, Journal of Slavic military studies (the), 2001, vol. 14 No. 3, shafi na 69-92 Yaƙin Zhawar ya nuna rashin isasshen dabarun sojojin biyu.  &nbsp;
* Iran-Tsakiyar Asiya: Tunawa da baya da Duba zuwa Makomar, Tsakiyar Asiya Monitor, No. 4, 2001
* Musulunci a matsayin Ƙarfin Siyasa a Asiya ta Tsakiya: Tasirin Iran, Tsakiyar Asiya Monitor, No. 2, 1999
* Kashmir: Flashpoint ko Tsaro Valve? Daga Mista Lester W. Grau Ofishin Nazarin Sojojin Kasashen Waje, Fort Leavenworth, KS. Kuma Mista Ali A. Jalali. An buga wannan labarin a baya a cikin Military Review Yuli-Agusta 1999.
* Night Stalkers da Mean Streets: 'Yan tawayen birni na Afghanistan, na Mista Ali A. Jalali da Mista Lester W. Grau, Ofishin Nazarin Sojojin Kasashen Waje, Fort Leavenworth, KS. An buga wannan labarin a baya a cikin Infantry Janairu-Afrilu 1999.
* Shin 'yan Taliban sun yi bushewa? Taliban-A Model for "Islamicising" Asiya ta Tsakiya? The Cyber-Caravan, Jami'ar Johns Hopkins, vol. 1, No. 4, Maris 6, 1999
* Yakin karkashin kasa: Blasting na Stereophonic, Rats na Ramin da Yakin Soviet-Afghan - Lester Grau da Ali Ahmad Jalali . Labarin injiniya Nuwamba 1998
* Rarraba Tsarin Jiha a Afghanistan, a Farisa, Mehragan (Jaridar Iran), bazara 1998
* Rikicin Daraja da Sha'awa a Afghanistan, Cibiyar Siyasa ta Duniya, Washington DC 1995
* Batutuwan Gaskiya a Asiya ta Tsakiya (1994), Cibiyar Siyasa ta Duniya, Washington DC 1994
* Cibiyar Sojojin Rasha a cikin Canji, Cibiyar Siyasa ta Duniya, Washington DC 1993
* Abubuwan dabarun da Ayyuka na mamayewar Soviet na Afghanistan, Taron Kasa da Kasa kan Sojoji Masu Saurin Ruwa, Seattle, 1985
* Haɗin gwiwar dabarun Amurka da Kazakhstan: Wani shirin fim na tsawon sa'a da aka buga kuma aka watsa ta VOA a cikin harsuna da yawa, 1994
* Dangantakar Jama'a da Sojoji a cikin Dimokuradiyya: Wani shirin sa'a daya da aka buga kuma aka watsa ta VOA a cikin harsuna da yawa, 1995
* Hakkin mallaka na hankali: Jerin rahotanni guda bakwai da VOA ta buga kuma ta watsa su a cikin harsuna da yawa, 1995
* Poppies Along the Silk Road: Wani shirin fim na sa'a daya da aka buga kuma aka watsa ta VOA a cikin harsuna da yawa, 1995
* Afghanistan- The War of the Neighbors: Wani shirin sa'a daya da VOA ta buga kuma aka watsa shi a cikin harsuna da yawa, 1996 Fiye da rahotanni 400 da nazarin labarai a Turanci akan Iran, Afghanistan da Asiya ta Tsakiya da aka buga da kuma watsawa ta Muryar Amurka
* Fiye da 450 na rahotanni na nazari (Turanci) don VOA akan ci gaban siyasa, tattalin arziki da zamantakewa a Asiya ta Tsakiya da Caucasus, 1993-2001
* An buga daruruwan labaran Dari / Pashto da fasalulluka a Afghanistan (yawanci a cikin Jaridar Soja) ko watsa shirye-shirye a Rediyon Afghanistan tsakanin 1965 da 1978

### Takardun da rahotanni

* Fiye da takardun ilimi da manufofi 100 da jawabai da aka gabatar a tarurruka, taro da taro a Amurka, Turai, Indiya, Pakistan da Japan, 1995-yanzu

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Profile: Ali Ahmad Jalali[usurped]