Corneille Ewango

**Corneille EN Ewango** Kwararre ne dan kasar Kwango, kuma shi ne ke da alhakin shirin tsiro na Okapi Faunal Reserve a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo daga 1996 zuwa 2003. An ba shi lambar yabo ta muhalli ta Goldman a cikin 2005 saboda ƙoƙarin da ya yi na kare gandun daji na Okapi a cikin dajin *Ituri Rain* dajin a lokacin yakin basasar Kongo. Wurin ajiyar gida ne ga mutanen Mbuti, kuma yana dauke da dabbobi irin su okapis (ba a sami wani wuri ba), giwaye da nau'ikan firamare 13. Ewango ya gano nau'ikan lianas 270 da nau'ikan bishiyoyi 600 a yankin.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Ewango ya taso ne a cikin dangin sojoji, mafarauta, da masunta, kuma ya kwashe shekarunsa na farko yana taimaka wa iyalinsa ta hanyar tattara haƙar giwaye da naman dabbobin da mahaifinsa da kawunsa suka kashe. Corneille ya so shiga jami'a, kuma ya fara farautar giwaye don biyan hanyarsa ta makaranta.

Da farko ya so ya zama likita, don ya yi hidima a kauyensu, inda babu tsarin kiwon lafiya na zamani. Amma bayan da aka ki amincewa da bukatarsa na karatun likitanci har sau uku, sai ya fara karatun ilmin halitta a jami'ar Kisangani, inda ya kara karatunsa tare da horar da kungiyar kare namun daji. Da farko manufarsa ita ce kawai ya nuna lokaci yayin da yake jiran karatun likitanci. A cikin shekaru uku, duk da haka, ya zama mai sha'awar ilimin tsirrai da kiyayewa. Ya sami digiri na Kimiyya a cikin 1995, kuma an ɗauke shi aiki a matsayin masanin ilimin halittu da herbarium ta Cibiyar de Formation et de Recherche en Conservation Forestière (CEFRECOF), kusa da gandun daji na Ituri.   

Ewango ya ba da labarin yadda yake daɗa sha’awar yanayi kamar haka: “Congo, ƙasata, tana da gandun daji mafi girma a Afirka, wataƙila na biyu mafi girma a duniya. An haife ni a wani daji, kuma lokacin da nake girma na taimaka wa kawuna, wanda mafarauci ne. Hakan yana da kyau, domin ya haɓaka sha'awar kare gandun daji da tsire-tsire. Lokacin da na je jami'a, na yanke shawarar cewa zan so in yi wani abu da ya shafi ilimin halittu, saboda na ji cewa tsire-tsire suna da kyau sosai. Sa’ad da nake nazarin tsire-tsire, ina ji kamar ina magana da wata irin rayuwa ta allahntaka, kamar ina magana da wanda ba ya magana.”

## Yakin Basasa
A lokacin yakin basasa a Jamhuriyar Dimokaradiyyar Kwango daga 1996 zuwa 2003, Ewango ne ke da alhakin shirin samar da tsirrai a gandun dajin Okapi. A tsawon yakin, manyan ma’aikata da yawa sun gudu daga wurin ajiyar, har sai da Ewango ne kawai babban ma’aikacin da ya rage. Ya zauna a wurin a duk lokacin rikicin, inda ya ɓoye tarin tsirran ganyen da ba safai ba, kwamfutoci, littattafansa, bayanansa, da sauran abubuwan da ke cikin bishiyoyi tare da kare dabbobi da tsire-tsire daga ɓarna, mafarauta, da masu hakar ma'adinai da masu yankan haram.

“Lokacin da yaƙi ya ɓarke,” in ji Ewango daga baya, “abokan aiki na suna barin yankin, amma na ce, tarihi na yana nan. Na ji kamar barin yana nufin barin komai, barin rayuwata da aikina - aikin da nake yi yana da alaƙa da rayuwata. Don haka na ce, ina tsammanin zan zauna in kula da tawagar filin, in ga abin da zai faru da herbarium. Idan da na je wani wuri, da ban je ƙasara ta haihuwa ba -- ƙasara tana nan. Na fi son in mutu a nan, na fi son mutane su san abin da na mutu dominsa.”

Ya yi kasada da ransa ta hanyar fuskantar jami’an soji game da wasu haramtattun ayyuka na kare muhalli da sojoji ke aiwatarwa. "Na yi bayanin da kyau cewa suna lalata komai, kuma na gaya musu cewa samun wurin da aka ba su kariya zai kara musu suna a wajen [kasa]," in ji daga baya. “Wani lokaci mun zama abokai, amma wani lokacin sukan ci gaba da ayyukansu. Abin da na kasa gane shi ne, sun kashe giwa a kauyen, kusa da gidan namun daji. Na yi fushi sosai - na ce kuna wasa, wane irin ’yanci ne ko dimokuradiyya kuke fafutuka idan ba ku da doka, idan kuna lalata komai? Na ce, ai kace kana kashe danka kana cinye shi, kace baka da al'ada. Sun ga cewa na himmatu sosai, kuma da gaske nake.”

A wani lokaci ya zama dole ya tsere cikin daji tsawon watanni uku don ceton rayuwarsa. Tare da taimakon mutanen yankin, ya yi nasarar ajiye okapi goma sha hudu a gidan Zoo na Ipulu. Duk da ƙalubalen lokacin yaƙi, haka kuma, ya ci gaba da yin bincike, inda ya gano wasu sabbin nau'ikan bishiyoyi 600 da sabbin nau'ikan lianas 270.

Daga baya Ewango ya shaida wa BBC cewa a lokacin yakin "Na ji tsoro amma ba ni da wani zabi" in ban da na kare ajiyar daga "sojojin da ba su san komai ba na kiyayewa." John Hart na Kungiyar Kare namun daji ya tabbatar da cewa "Idan babu wanda ya kula da ajiyar babu abin da ya rage."

## Karin ilimi
Lokacin da yakin basasa ya ƙare a shekara ta 2002, ajiyar ya ci gaba da kasancewa, abin da ya ba mutane da yawa mamaki. A wani bangare sakamakon kokarin Ewango, an kama wasu mafarauta ko kuma a kwashe su, kuma an hana hako ma'adinai a wurin. Dangane da hidimar da ya yi wa ajiyar, da yawa daga cikin abokan aikin Ewango na duniya sun dage cewa a nemo masa hanyar da zai ci gaba da karatu. Sakamakon haka, a cikin Agusta 2003 an ba shi haɗin gwiwar Asusun Asusun Christiansen don yin karatu a Sashen Nazarin Halitta a Jami'ar Missouri a St. Louis. Ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin halittu masu zafi a can a 2006.    

Dokta Patrick Osborne na Jami’ar Missouri ya ce sashensa ya “yi farin ciki da samun Corneille a shirinmu na kammala digiri. Shi ƙwararren masanin kimiyya ne kuma mai kwazo mai kiyayewa—mutane kaɗan ne za su iya da'awar cewa sun saka rayuwarsu a kan layi don kiyayewa, amma Corneille na ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan mutanen. " 

Daga baya Ewango ya halarci Jami'ar Wageningen da ke Netherlands, inda ya tsunduma cikin bincike game da nau'ikan liana daban-daban kusan 300 kuma an ba shi digiri na uku a cikin Nuwamba 2010.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* GoldmanPrize.com - 2005 Mai karɓar Kyautar Muhalli na Goldman

Hanyar yaɗa labarai 

* Corneille Ewango at TED 
** "A hero of the Congo forest" (TEDGlobal 2007)