Ian Wilmut

**Sir Ian Wilmut** (7 ga Yulin 1944 - 10 ga Satumba 2023) masanin ilimin embryologist ne na Ingila kuma shugaban Cibiyar Scottish don Magunguna mai Regenerative  a Jami'ar Edinburgh .  Shi ne shugaban ƙungiyar bincike wanda a cikin 1996 ya fara kwayar da dabba mai shayarwa daga wani babban tantanin halitta, ɗan rago na Dorset na Finland mai suna Dolly.

An nada Wilmut OBE a cikin 1999 don hidimomi ga ci gaban embryo  kuma an ba shi lambar yabo a cikin 2008 New Year Honours .  Shi, Keith Campbell da Shinya Yamanaka sun sami lambar yabo ta Shaw ta 2008 don Medicine da Life Sciences don aikin su kan bambancin sel a cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Wilmut a Hampton Lucy, Warwickshire, Ingila, a ranar 7 ga Yulin 1944.  Mahaifin Wilmut, Leonard Wilmut, malamin lissafi ne wanda ke fama da Ciwon sukari na tsawon shekaru hamsin, wanda daga ƙarshe ya sa ya makance. Ƙaramin Wilmut ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Boys a Scarborough, inda mahaifinsa ya koyar. Sha'awarsa ta farko ita ce ta fara aikin sojan ruwa, amma bai iya yin hakan ba saboda makantaccen launi. Yayinda yake makaranta, Wilmut ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin gona a karshen mako, wanda ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ya yi karatun Aikin noma a Jami'ar Nottingham .  

A cikin 1966, Wilmut ya shafe makonni takwas yana aiki a dakin gwaje-gwaje na Christopher Polge, wanda aka yaba da haɓaka fasahar cryopreservation a cikin 1949.[1] A shekara mai zuwa Wilmut ya shiga dakin gwaje-gwaje na Polge don yin digiri na Doctor of Philosophy a Jami'ar Cambridge, daga inda ya kammala karatu a 1971 tare da rubutun kan ajiyar maniyyi.[2] A wannan lokacin ya kasance dalibi na digiri na biyu a Kwalejin Darwin

## Ayyuka da bincike
Bayan kammala karatunsa na PhD, ya shiga cikin bincike da ke mai da hankali kan gametes da embryogenesis, gami da aiki a Cibiyar Roslin . 

Wilmut was the leader of the research group that in 1996 first cloned a mammal, a lamb named Dolly. She died of a respiratory disease in 2003. In 2008 Wilmut announced that he would abandon the technique of somatic cell nuclear transfer by which Dolly was created in favour of an alternative technique developed by Shinya Yamanaka. This method has been used in mice to derive pluripotent stem cells from differentiated adult skin cells, thus circumventing the need to generate embryonic stem cells. Wilmut believed that this method holds greater potential for the treatment of degenerative conditions such as Parkinson's disease and to treat stroke and heart attack patients.

Wilmut ya jagoranci tawagar da ta kirkiro Dolly, amma a shekara ta 2006 ya yarda da abokin aikinsa Keith Campbell  ya cancanci "kashi 66" na kirkirar da ta sa haihuwar Dolly ta yiwu, kuma cewa sanarwa "Ban kirkiro Dolley ba" daidai ne. Matsayinsa na sa ido ya dace da matsayin Babban mai bincike wanda Wilmut ke da shi a lokacin da aka halicci Dolly.

## Mutuwa
Wilmut died from complications of Parkinson's disease on 10 September 2023, aged 79.

## Kyaututtuka da girmamawa
A shekara ta 1998 ya sami lambar yabo ta Lord Lloyd na Kilgerran  da lambar yabo ta Golden Plate na Kwalejin Achievement ta Amurka. 

An nada Wilmut a matsayin Jami'in Order of the British Empire (OBE) a cikin girmamawar ranar haihuwar 1999 "don hidimomi ga Ci gaban Embryo"  kuma Fellow na Royal Society (FRS) a shekara ta 2002.  Ya kuma kasance zaɓaɓɓen Fellow na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kiwon Lafiya a 1999  kuma Fellow na Royal Society na Edinburgh a 2000.  An zabe shi memba na EMBO a shekara ta 2003.  A wannan shekarar, an ba shi Kyautar Ernst Schering . 

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