Martha Stewart

**Martha Helen Stewart** (née Kostyra, Polish: [kɔˈstɨra]; an haife ta a ranar 3 ga watan Agusta, 1941) mace ce a fannin kasuwanci ta Amurka, marubuciya, kuma mai shirye-shirye a talbijin. A matsayinta na wanda ya kafa Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia, yana mai da hankali kan gida da karɓar baƙi,  ta sami nasara ta hanyar kasuwancin kasuwanci iri-iri, wanda ya haɗa da bugawa, watsa shirye-shirye, siyarwa da Kasuwancin e-commerce. Ta rubuta littattafai masu yawa da aka fi sayarwa, ita ce mai wallafa mujallar Martha Stewart Living kuma ta dauki bakuncin shirye-shiryen talabijin guda biyu: Martha Stewart Living, wanda ya gudana daga 1993 zuwa 2004, da kuma The Martha Stewart Show, wanda ya faru daga 2005 zuwa 2012.

An yanke wa Stewart hukunci kan tuhumar aikata laifuka da suka shafi shari'ar cinikin hannun jari ta ImClone; ta yi watanni biyar a kurkukun tarayya saboda zamba kuma an sake ta a watan Maris na shekara ta 2005. An yi hasashe cewa lamarin zai kawo karshen mulkin watsa labarai,  amma a shekara ta 2005, Stewart ta fara kamfen na dawowa,  kuma kamfaninta ya koma riba a shekara ta 2006. Stewart ta koma kwamitin daraktocin Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia a cikin 2011  kuma ta sake zama shugabar kamfanin da ta sanya masa suna a cikin 2012.  Kamfanin Sequential Brands ne ya sayi kamfanin a shekarar 2015.  Sequential Brands Group ta amince a watan Afrilun 2019 don sayar da Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia, gami da alamar Emeril, ga Marquee Brands don dala miliyan 175 tare da ƙarin biyan kuɗi.

A cikin 2023, yana da shekaru 81, Stewart ta zama mace mafi tsufa da ta bayyana a bangon mujallar Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue. A cikin 2024, ta kasance batun wani shirin Netflix mai taken Martha wanda R. J. Cutler ya jagoranta.

An haifi Martha Stewart a Jersey City, New Jersey, a ranar 3 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 1941. Ita ce ta biyu cikin yara shida  da aka haifa wa iyayenta Martha (née Ruszkowski; 1914-2007) da Edward Kostyra (1912-1979) kuma ta fito ne daga al'adun Poland.   Iyayenta malamai ne, tare da mahaifinta daga baya ya zama mai sayar da magunguna. Lokacin da Stewart ke da shekaru uku, iyalin suka koma Nutley, New Jersey. Ta karɓi sunan "Grace" don sunanta na Katolika.

Lokacin da Stewart ke da shekaru 10, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da yara na lokaci-lokaci ga 'ya'yan Mickey Mantle, Yogi Berra, da Gil McDougald, duk' yan wasan New York Yankees. Mickey da Merlyn Mantle suna da 'ya'ya maza huɗu, waɗanda Stewart ke kallo kuma ta shirya musu bukukuwan ranar haihuwar. Ta kuma fara yin samfurin. A shekara ta 15, an nuna Stewart a cikin tallan talabijin na Unilever .  Ta ci gaba da bayyana a cikin tallace-tallace na talabijin da mujallu, gami da ɗaya daga cikin "Smokers za su fi so su yi yaƙi fiye da sauyawa!" tallace-tace na sigari. A lokacin shekarunta na kwaleji, ta kara da kuɗin tallafin ta hanyar "ayyukan samfurin a $ 15 / awa - wanda shine kudi mai yawa a wannan lokacin. "  Daga cikin kamfanonin da ta tsara shi ne Chanel. 

Mahaifiyar Stewart ta koya mata yadda ake dafa abinci da sutura. Daga baya, ta koyi hanyoyin yin kwalliya da adanawa lokacin da ta ziyarci gidan kakanninta a Buffalo, New York. Mahaifinta yana da sha'awar aikin lambu kuma ya ba da yawancin iliminsa da ƙwarewarsa ga 'yarsa. Stewart ta kuma kasance mai aiki a cikin ayyukan da yawa na waje, kamar jaridar makarantar da kulob din fasaha.

Stewart ta kammala karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Nutley .  Ta halarci Kwalejin Barnard ta Jami'ar Columbia, da farko tana shirin zuwa manyan sunadarai, amma ta sauya zuwa fasaha, tarihi, kuma daga baya Tarihin gine-gine. Don taimakawa wajen biyan kuɗin karatun koleji, ta yi samfurin kayan ado ga Chanel. A wannan lokacin, ta sadu da Andrew Stewart, wanda ya kammala digiri na shari'a a Yale Law School .  Sun yi aure a watan Yulin 1961.   Ta koma Barnard shekara guda bayan bikin aurensu don kammala karatu tare da manyan digiri biyu a tarihin tarihi da tarihin gine-gine.

## Ayyuka
A shekara ta 1967, Martha Stewart ta fara aiki na biyu a matsayin mai sayar da kayayyaki, sana'ar surukinta. A halin yanzu, Andrew Stewart ya kafa gidan wallafe-wallafen kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban zartarwa na wasu da yawa. Andrew da Martha Stewart sun koma Westport, Connecticut, inda suka sayi kuma suka mayar da gidan gona na 1805 a kan Turkey Hill Road wanda daga baya zai zama abin koyi ga gidan talabijin na Martha Stewart Living. A lokacin aikin, Stewart ta panache don maidowa da yin ado ya zama bayyananne.

A shekara ta 1976, Stewart ta fara kasuwancin abinci a cikin ginshiki tare da abokiyarta daga kwanakin da take aiki, Norma Collier . Kasuwancin da sauri ya yi nasara amma ya yi fushi lokacin da Collier ya yi zargin cewa Stewart yana da wahala a yi aiki tare, kuma yana karɓar ayyukan abinci a gefe. Ba da daɗewa ba Stewart ya sayi ɓangaren Collier na kasuwancin. An kuma hayar Stewart a matsayin manajan kantin sayar da abinci mai kyau, Kasuwancin Kasuwanci, amma bayan rashin jituwa da masu mallakar a ƙaramin kantin sayarwar an tilasta mata fita kuma ta buɗe kantin sayar ta.
 
Andrew ya zama shugaban shahararren mai wallafawa na Birnin New York Harry N. Abrams, Inc.  A shekara ta 1977, shi ne ke da alhakin sakin fitowar harshen Ingilishi na jerin The Secret Book of Gnomes, na marubutan Holland Wil Huygen da Rien Poortvliet, wanda da sauri ya zama nasara kuma ya kasance a cikin jerin masu sayarwa na New York Times .  Ya kwangila da kamfanin Stewart don biyan kuɗin bikin fitar da littafin, inda aka gabatar da Stewart ga Alan Mirken, shugaban Crown Publishing Group .   Mirken ya burge ta da baiwar Stewart a matsayin mai dafa abinci da mai masaukin baki kuma daga baya ya tuntube ta don haɓaka Littafin dafa abinci, wanda ke nuna girke-girke da hotuna daga jam'iyyun da Stewart ta shirya. Sakamakon shi ne littafinta na farko, Entertaining (Disamba 13, 1982),  wanda Elizabeth Hawes ta rubuta. 

Bayan nasarar *Nishaɗi*, Stewart ya sake fitar da littattafai da yawa a ƙarƙashin Clarkson Potter bugu bugu, ciki har da *Martha Stewart's Quick Cook* (1983), *Martha Stewart's Hors d'Oeuvres* (1984), *Martha Stewart's Pies & Tarts* (1985), *Weddings* (1987) kuma ghost ta Elizabeth *Plan (* wch) (1988), *Sirrin Martha Stewart don Nishaɗi* (1988), *Martha Stewart's Quick Cook Menus* (1988), da *Martha Stewart's Kirsimeti* (1989), da sauransu. A wannan lokacin, ta kuma rubuta ginshiƙan jaridu da dama, labaran mujallu, da sauran nau'o'i a kan aikin gida, kuma sun yi nunin talabijin da yawa a kan shirye-shirye irin su *The Oprah Winfrey Show* da *Larry King Live* .  

Andrew da Martha Stewart sun rabu a 1987 kuma sun sake aure a 1990.

## Manazarta