Dokar 'Yancin Dan Adam (Nunavut)

***Dokar 'Yancin Dan Adam*** (Faransanci: Loi sur les droits de la personne) doka ce da Nunavut" id="mwEQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Legislative Assembly of Nunavut">Majalisar dokoki ta yankin Nunavut ta zartar, wanda ke cikin Yankunan arewacin Kanada . Dokar ta yi kama da dokokin kare hakkin dan adam da Majalisar dokokin Kanada da larduna da sauran yankuna suka zartar, amma ta musamman ce ta hanyar haɗa koyarwar Inuit ta gargajiya, wanda aka sani da Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit, a matsayin jagorar ka'idar dokar. Dokar ta kuma yi daidai da Yarjejeniyar Nunavut Land Claims. Dokar ta kawo karshen matsayin Nunavut a matsayin kadai iko a Kanada a wannan lokacin ba tare da kariya ga haƙƙin ɗan adam ga mazauna gay, lesbian da bisexual ba.

## Tarihin doka

Kafin 1999, Nunavut yanki ne na gabashin Yankin Arewa maso Yamma. A ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 1999, *Dokar Nunavut* ta tarayya ta fara aiki, ta kirkiro sabon yankin Nunavut, ya rabu da Yankin Arewa maso Yamma. A karkashin wannan dokar tarayya, dokokin Yankin Arewa maso Yamma sun ci gaba da aiki a Nunavut, har sai Majalisar Dokokin Nunavut ta canza su. Wannan yana nufin cewa Dokar Ayyuka Masu Kyau na Yankin Arewa maso Yamma, wani nau'i mai iyakantaccen tsarin haƙƙin ɗan adam, ya ci gaba da aiki a Nunavut, kuma Majalisar Dokokin Nunavut ce kawai za ta iya canza shi.

Firayim Minista Paul Okalik ya gabatar da lissafin don aiwatar da *Dokar 'Yancin Dan Adam* a Majalisar Dokoki a ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 2002, yana ba da tushen gwamnatinsa don dokar da aka gabatar. Ya bayyana cewa a wannan lokacin, * ta Kanada* ta shafi al'amuran da ke cikin Nunavut. Ta hanyar aiwatar da Dokar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Nunavut, dokokin tarayya ba za su sake amfani da su ba, ana maye gurbin su da dokar Nunavut, kuma mutanen Nunavut za su sami karamin gwamnati. Kudin ya wuce karatu na uku a Majalisar a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba, 2003, ta hanyar kuri'un 10-8,  kuma ya sami amincewa daga Piita Irniq, Kwamishinan Nunavut, a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba. 

Wasu tanadi na dokar da ake buƙata don kafa tsarin gudanarwa na sabon tsarin sun fara aiki ne bisa amincewa, yayin da sauran dokar suka fara aiki bayan shekara guda, a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba, 2004. Dokar ta soke Dokar Kwarewar Kwarewar Arewa maso Yamma, har zuwa lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi a Nunavut. Hakanan, *Dokar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Kanada* yanzu ta rage aikace-aikace a cikin Nunavut, kuma ba ta shafi batutuwan da dokar yankin ta shafi ba.

## Shirye-shiryen aikin

### Tsarin gaba ɗaya
Ayyukan sun fara ne da sashi na gaba ɗaya:

Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit kalma ce da ke nufin "Inuit gargajiya ilimin", "Inuut gargajiya cibiyoyin" ko "Inuite gargajiya fasahar", kuma wani lokacin ana taƙaita shi a matsayin "IQ". Ciki har da IQ a matsayin jagora na *Dokar 'Yancin Dan Adam* alama ce ta musamman ta' yancin dan adam a Nunavut, ba a samu a cikin wasu dokokin kare hakkin dan adam a Kanada ba.

Dokar ta bayyana a bayyane cewa ba ta shafar duk wani kariya da aka tsara a cikin Yarjejeniyar Nunavut Land Claims,  wanda shine tsarin da ke tsara dangantakar da ke tsakanin mutane da yankin Nunavut, da gwamnatin tarayya. A cikin gabatarwarsa ga Majalisar Dokoki, Okalik ya bayyana wannan batu a bayyane: "Wannan shine don ingantawa da kuma kare abin da aka riga aka haɗa a cikin Yarjejeniyar Da'awar Ƙasar Nunavut. ... Wannan yana kare haƙƙin Inuit da aka tsara a cikin Yarinyar Da'awar Nunavut. Ba zai tilasta ko toshe duk wani haƙƙin asalin ƙasar ko yarjejeniya na Inuit ba. "

Hakazalika, dokar ta ba da cewa babu wani abu a ciki da ya soke ko ya rage daga yarjejeniya ko haƙƙin 'yan asalin da aka kare ta sashi na 35 na Dokar Kundin Tsarin Mulki, 1982. 

Dokar ta ba da cewa gabaɗaya tana da fifiko a kan duk sauran dokokin Nunavut, kuma tana ɗaure gwamnatin Nunavut kanta. Irin wannan sashi ya tabbatar da cewa *Dokar 'Yancin Dan Adam* kusan tsarin mulki ne, saboda burinta shine kare ainihin' yancin mutane.

### Dalilan nuna bambanci da aka haramta
Dokar ta tsara jerin abubuwan da aka haramta na nuna bambanci:

* tseren
* Launi
* kakanninmu
* Asalin kabilanci
* zama ɗan ƙasa
* wurin asali
* ka'idar
* Addini
* Shekaru
* nakasa
* jima'i
* Jima'i
* Matsayin aure
* Matsayin iyali
* ciki
* Hanyar samun kudin shiga ta doka
* hukunci wanda aka ba da gafara.

Wadannan dalilai na nuna bambanci da aka haramta suna amfani da su a cikin ayyukan yau da kullun, kamar aiki, gidaje, zama memba a cikin kungiyoyi, da wallafe-wallafe kamar tallace-tallace na aiki. Dokar ta kuma sa ya zama haramtacce a tsananta wa wani mutum bisa irin wannan dalili ko buga duk wani abu da ke nuna nuna nuna nuna bambanci ko nuna bambanci ga mutum ko aji na mutane.

### Matsi

Kotun Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Nunavut ce ke aiwatar da dokar, wacce ke cikin Coral Harbour .  Ma'aikatar yanki ce ke nada mambobin Kotun don yin aiki na shekaru hudu kowannensu. Ma'aikatar na iya sabunta sharuɗɗa, ba tare da iyakar sharuɗɗa ba. 

Duk wanda ya yi imanin cewa gwamnati ko wani bangare mai zaman kansa sun keta hakkinsu a karkashin dokar na iya gabatar da sanarwa ga Kotun a cikin shekaru biyu na duk wani abin da ake zargi da keta dokar. Kotun tana da iko mai yawa don bincika da neman warware rikicin ta hanyar sulhu. Idan ba za a iya warware batun ba, Kotun na iya gudanar da sauraro. Idan ya kammala cewa an tabbatar da korafin, Kotun tana da iko mai yawa kuma tana iya ba da umarni a kan wata jam'iyya da ta karya dokar. Irin waɗannan umarni suna ɗaurewa ga mutum kamar yadda umarnin kotu suke.

Jam'iyyar da ba ta gamsu da shawarar kotun ba za ta iya daukaka kara a Kotun Nunavut.

## Rikici game da jima'i
*Dokar 'Yancin Dan Adam* da aka gabatar ta jawo zargi daga masu ci gaba da masu ra'ayin mazan jiya kafin wucewa. Masu ci gaba sun yi takaici cewa lissafin, ba kamar irin wannan doka a Yankin Arewa maso Yamma ba, bai amince da asalin jinsi a matsayin wuri mai kariya ba. Ƙarin MLAs masu ra'ayin mazan jiya, a gefe guda, sun yi ƙoƙari su cire nassoshi game da yanayin jima'i a matsayin tushen kariya a cikin lissafin.

A daren da aka zartar da lissafin a cikin doka, Patterk Netser, memba na Nanulik, ya koma ya buga kalmomin "tsarin jima'i" daga jerin abubuwan da aka kare, saboda yawancin mambobi suna da damuwa cewa lissafin zai ba da gudummawa ga karɓar auren jinsi ɗaya a Nunavut. A cewar Firayim Minista Okalik, idan wannan yunkuri ya wuce, gwamnatin tarayya ba za ta ba da Kotun Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Nunavut damar yin hukunci da rikice-rikice ba; kariya ga ɗan luwaɗi, lesbian da bisexual Nunavummiut wani yanayi ne na gwamnati da ke ba da wannan ikon. Masu adawa da wannan motsi sun yi jayayya cewa irin wannan mataki zai saba wa sashi na 15 na * 'Yancin Kanada da' Yanci*. Sun yi magana game da hukuncin Vriend na Kotun Koli ta Kanada, inda Kotun Kolai ta karanta kariya daga nuna bambanci bisa tushen jima'i a cikin irin wannan dokar Alberta. Kotun ta yanke hukuncin cewa watsar da yanayin jima'i daga cikakkiyar dokar kare hakkin dan adam zai zama nuna bambanci, sabanin Yarjejeniyar. Shirin ya gaza a Majalisar Dokoki a daren da aka zartar da lissafin tare da shida a cikin ni'ima, tara a adawa da daya ya guje.

Kashegari bayan wucewar dokar, mai magana da yawun Iqaluit Pride & Friends of Pride, kungiyar kare hakkin LGBTQ, ta nuna takaici cewa Dokar ba ta haɗa da wani nassi game da asalin jinsi don kare mutanen da suka canza launin fata daga nuna bambanci ba. Duk da yake kungiyar ta yarda cewa kotuna sun riga sun amince da mutanen da ke canza launin fata kamar yadda aka kare su daga nuna bambanci a karkashin jima'i, mai magana da yawun ta nuna irin wannan dokar da aka kafa a Yankin Arewa maso Yamma wanda ke magana game da asalin jinsi a matsayin abin koyi.

## Dubi kuma

* Hakkin LGBTQ a Kanada
* Al'adun Inuit

## Manazarta