open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Zoe Mungin

**Rana Mungin** (Satumba 23, 1989 - Afrilu 27, 2020), wacce aka fi sani da **Zoe Mungin**, marubuciya ce kuma malamar Amurka. Tana aiki a kan littafinta na farko, *Sed Ministrare*, a lokacin mutuwarta.

Mungin ya mutu sakamakon COVID-19 a farkon watannin da aka fara fama da annobar COVID-19 bayan an hana shi yin gwaji da magani sau biyu. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Mungin a ranar 23 ga Satumba, 1989, kuma ya girma a unguwar Brooklyn da ke Gabashin New York . &#x5B; ** &#x5D; Ta kammala karatunta daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Bayard Rustin don Ilimin Dan Adam da Kwalejin Wellesley kafin ta yi karatun almara a Jami'ar Massachusetts, Amherst, inda ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Fasaha a 2015.  A shekarar 2014, ta buga wani labari game da wani lamari na wariyar launin fata da aka yi mata a wani taron bita.  Ɗaukar fansar da ta fuskanta bayan ta yi magana game da wannan lamari ya sa ta shigar da ƙara a hukumance ga Hukumar Yaƙi da Wariya ta Massachusetts a 2015.  

Rubuce-rubucen Mungin sun bayyana a cikin mujallun adabi *na Quarterly West*,  Black Youth Project,  da *Route Nine* .  A shekarar 2013, ta lashe kyautar AWP Intro Journals a cikin almara.  An yi hira da Mungin ta *Wellesley Underground*  da *[[Los Angeles Review na Littattafai|Los Angeles Review of Books]]*  game da gogewarta a matsayin marubuciya 'yar bakar fata a cikin shirin MFA na MFA wanda galibi fararen fata ne.

Mungin ya koyar da waƙa a Jami'ar Massachusetts, Amherst; Cibiyar Fasaha ta New Jersey ; da kuma Makarantar New School kafin ya shiga Makarantar Middle ta Bushwick Ascend a matsayin malamin nazarin zamantakewa a 2017.  

Mutuwar Mungin a shekarar 2020, da kuma labarin yadda aka hana ta samun kulawar lafiya a lokacin annobar COVID-19, ya jawo ce-ce-ku-ce a kafafen yada labarai  da kuma kukan da ke tambayar matsalolin da ke tattare da rashin samun kulawar da ta dace.   

## Manazarta
Zoe Sugg

**Zoë Elizabeth Sugg**  (an haife ta a ranar 28 ga Maris 1990),  wacce aka fi sani da sunanta na kan layi **Zoella**, ƙwararriyar 'yar jarida ce ta Ingila, 'yar kasuwa kuma marubuciya. Ta fara aikinta a matsayin mai tallata YouTube a shekarar 2009 kuma tun daga lokacin ta tara masu biyan kuɗi sama da miliyan 10.

An buga littafinta na farko mai suna *Girl Online* a watan Nuwamba na 2014 kuma ya karya tarihin tallace-tallace mafi girma a makon farko na wani marubuci a karon farko. Tun daga lokacin ta fitar da jerin littattafai guda biyu da kuma wani littafi mara almara, *Cordially Invited*, daga baya kuma ta rubuta tare da Amy McCulloch, littafin duology *The Magpie Society* .

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Zoë Elizabeth Sugg a Lacock, Wiltshire, a ranar 28 ga Maris 1990.  Tana da ƙanenta, Joe Sugg, wanda shi ma ɗan YouTube ne.  Ta halarci Makarantar Corsham da ke kusa da Corsham .    Ta sami digiri na A a fannin fasaha, daukar hoto, da yadi,  amma ba ta halarci jami'a ba saboda matsalar damuwa da kuma rashin sanin abin da take son yi a rayuwa. 

## Sana'a

### 2009–2013: Fara aiki
Sugg tana aiki a matsayin mai koyon aiki a wani kamfanin ƙirar ciki lokacin da ta ƙirƙiri shafinta na yanar gizo, "Zoella", a watan Fabrairun 2009.   Zuwa ƙarshen shekara, tana da mabiya dubu kuma   An ziyarce ta sama da mutane miliyan 540.    Shafin yanar gizo na kwalliya, kwalliya da salon rayuwa ya faɗaɗa zuwa tashar YouTube a shekara ta 2009, yayin da Sugg ke aiki a kamfanin sayar da tufafi na Burtaniya New Look .   Babban tashar Sugg, Zoella, wacce aka fara sanya mata suna "zoella280390" bayan ranar haihuwarta, galibi tana da salon zamani, kayan kwalliya, da bidiyon "mafi so" (wanda ke nuna kayayyakin da ta fi so a watan da ya gabata).   Tashar ta ta biyu, MoreZoella, tana ɗauke da yawancin bidiyo na bidiyo inda take nuna wa masu kallonta abin da take yi a zamaninta.  Ita memba ce a cibiyar sadarwar Style Haul kuma Dominic Smales ne ke wakilta a Gleam Futures.     A shekara ta 2013, *The Telegraph* ta ambaci Sugg a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin "masu tallata Twitter a Burtaniya".   A shekarar 2013, an naɗa ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin jakadun Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Kasa ta Ƙasa, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen haɓaka sabuwar hidimar matasa.   A shekara mai zuwa, an naɗa ta a matsayin "jakadiyar dijital" ta farko ga Mind, ƙungiyar agaji ta lafiyar kwakwalwa .  

## manazarta
James Dobbins (diplomat)

**James Francis Dobbins Jr.** (31 ga Mayu, 1942 - 3 ga Yuli, 2023) ya kasance jami'in diflomasiyyar Amurka wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Jakadan Amurka a Tarayyar Turai (1991-1993),  mataimakin sakataren harkokin Turai (2001), kuma wakilin musamman na Afghanistan da Pakistan (Mayu 2013-Yuli 2014). Ya kasance memba na Kwalejin diflomasiyya ta Amurka . Bugu da ƙari, Dobbins ya yi aiki a matsayin wakilin Kosovo, Bosnia, Haiti, da Somalia. A shekara ta 2001, ya jagoranci tattaunawar da ta kai ga Yarjejeniyar Bonn,   kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mukaddashin Jakadan Amurka a Afghanistan a lokacin sauyawa. Daga baya ya zama shugaban kasa da kasa da manufofin tsaro na Kamfanin RAND.  

## Ilimi
Dobbins ya kammala karatu tare da BS a harkokin kasa da kasa daga Makarantar Harkokin Waje a Jami'ar Georgetown .

## Mutuwa
Dobbins ya mutu daga matsalolin Cutar Parkinson a ranar 3 ga Yuli, 2023, yana da shekaru 81. 

## Manazarta
 

## Hanyoyin Haɗi na Waje
* "Irak: Cin nasarar Yaƙe-yaƙe marasa cin nasara", ''Harkokin Waje'', Janairu / Fabrairu 2005
* "Wane ne ya rasa Iraki?", ''Harkokin Waje'', Satumba/Oktoba 2007
* "Yaki da ta'addanci a Iraki", ''Kwamitin Ayyukan Sojoji na Majalisar Dattijai'', 2-26-09
* Kasancewa da Iraki: Tarihin Hukumar hadin gwiwa ta RAND Corporation . Daga James Dobbins, Seth G. Jones, Benjamin Runkle, Siddharth Mohandas, 2009.
* fadada Rasha: Gasar daga Ƙasa mai fa'ida Kamfanin RAND . Daga James Dobbins, Raphael S. Cohen, Nathan Chandler, Bryan Frederick, Edward Geist, Paul DeLuca, Forrest E. Morgan, Howard J. Shatz, Brent Williams, 2019.
Jimmy Nelson (mai daukar hoto)

**James Philip Nelson** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1967) ɗan Ingila ne mai ɗaukar hoto. An san shi da hotunan kabilanci da 'yan asalin ƙasar.

## Tarihi da farkon aiki
James Philip Nelson was born in 1967 in Sevenoaks, Kent. &#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup> He spent his childhood in Africa, Asia and South America, traveling around with his father, who worked as a geologist for International Shell. At the age of 7, he was sent to Stonyhurst College, a Jesuit boarding school in Lancashire, UK. When he was 16, he developed Alopecia totalis, a condition in which all the hair falls out, which was caused by a culmination of stress and a reaction to malaria medication.

A shekara ta 1985, yana da shekaru 17, ya bar makarantar kwana kuma ya fara tafiya a tsawon Tibet da ƙafa. Ya ɗauki ƙaramar kyamara a kan tafiyarsa kuma ya ɗauki hotunan tafiyarsa, wanda ya ɗauki kusan shekaru biyu. Bayan dawowa, tarin hotunan da ya dauka a cikin ƙasar da ba a iya isa ba a buga su ta hanyar Ingilishi National Geographic, zuwa yabo na duniya.

Bayan wannan tafiya, Nelson ya fara ƙarin tafiye-tafiye, yana rubuta yankuna daban-daban na yaƙi, gami da Afghanistan, Kashmir, Yugoslavia, Somalia da El Salvador, kuma ya fara aiki a matsayin ƙwararren ɗan jarida mai daukar hoto, har zuwa shekara 24.

In 1992 Nelson was commissioned by [[Shell|Shell Oil]] to produce the book "Literary Portraits of China". He travelled across the country for 30 months, together with his then wife, Ashkaine Hora Adema, who participated in the making of the book, and became the subsequent business partner of Nelson.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;**'&#x5D;

Daga 1997 zuwa gaba, Nelson ya fara aiki a fagen tallace-tallace na kasuwanci. A wannan lokacin, ya ci gaba da tattara hotuna na al'adu masu nisa da masu zaman kansu.

## ''Hotuna''

### ''Kafin Sun Fito''
In 2010, Nelson started to work on his second book, *Before they Pass Away*.&#x5B;**&#x5D;

Nelson ya ce aikin "ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi daga Edward S. Curtis da manyan hotunansa na 'yan asalin Amurka". Kamar Curtis, Nelson ya rubuta batunsa a cikin soyayya, salon da kuma sanya su, tare da manufar "sa su a kan wani tushe". Nelson ya ce ba a nufin aikin ya isar da "gaskiya ba, amma a maimakon haka fassararsa ta fasaha da bikin bambancin da kyau. "  Ƙabilun da Nelson ya ɗauka sun haɗa da kabilun Huli da Kalam na New Guinea, Tsaatan na Mongolia da Mutanen Mursi na kwarin Kogin Omo a kudancin Habasha.[his]

A cikin jawabin TED ya bayyana tsarin aiki da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin wannan aikin kuma ya bayyana cewa a wasu lokuta yana ɗaukar "watanni suna ƙoƙarin gano [waɗannan 'yan asalin ƙasar] sannan kuma makonni don samun amincewarsu da izinin ɗaukar hoto . "

Nelson ya ranta kudade don aikin daga wani dan kasar Holland, Marcel Boekhoorn .  A sakamakon aikin, an buga littafi wanda ke dauke da hotuna da matani, iyakantaccen littafin, da kuma hotunan hotunan da aka buga.

### ''Girmamawa ga bil'adama''
Charlotte Tilbury Beauty

**Charlotte Tilbury Beauty Ltd** kamfani ne na kayan kwalliya na Burtaniya wanda aka yi wa rijista a Burtaniya .  Charlotte Tilbury, wata mai fasahar kayan kwalliya ta Burtaniya ce ta kafa shi a shekarar 2013, kuma shugabar kamfanin ce.  Kamfanin yana da hedikwata a Surrey Street, London a Burtaniya.  Shugabar kamfanin a yanzu ita ce Lady Demetra Pinsent.  A shekarar 2018, Charlotte Tilbury Beauty Ltd ta sami kudaden shiga na fam miliyan 100.9. 

Kayayyakin Charlotte Tilbury suna samuwa a ƙasashe 76 kuma ana sayar da su galibi a shagunan sayar da kayayyaki don kula da kai da kuma kayan kwalliya.  Waɗannan sun haɗa da kamfanoni na ƙasashen duniya kamar Cult Beauty, Sephora, Bloomingdales, da ASOS .  Charlotte Tilbury yanzu tana samuwa akan layi kuma tana cikin shagon Ulta Beauty.  Alamar tana samuwa a shagunan sayar da kayayyaki a Kanada, Faransa, Jamus, Hong Kong, Ireland, Kuwait, Macau Sar, China, Koriya ta Kudu, Japan, Netherlands, Qatar, Spain, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, Burtaniya, Italiya da Amurka . 

## Tarihi
Charlotte Tilbury ta kafa kamfanin a watan Satumba na 2013,  tare da tarin kayayyaki 200.  Kayayyakin Charlotte Tilbury Beauty Ltd sun samu karbuwa a Amurka a shekarar 2014. 

A shekarar 2019, Charlotte Tilbury Beauty Ltd ta yi alƙawarin fam miliyan 1 ga ƙungiyar mata ta duniya, wacce Tilbury kanta jakadiya ce a gare ta. 

A ranar 23 ga Yuni 2020, kamfanin kayan kwalliya da ƙamshi na ƙasar Sipaniya Puig ya sami mafi yawan hannun jari a cikin kasuwancin akan fam biliyan 1.3 ta hanyar Prado Investments Limited, wani reshe da ke Landan.  Kafin wannan, wanda ya kafa kamfanin Charlotte Tilbury wanda aka yi tunanin yana da hannun jari tsakanin kashi 50 zuwa 75%. 

A watan Afrilun 2024, Charlotte Tilbury ta sake shiga duniyar ƙamshi, shekaru takwas bayan fitar da ƙamshinta na ƙarshe. 

### Shari'ar haƙƙin mallaka
A shekarar 2019, Islestarr Holdings Limited, wacce ta mallaki alamar Charlotte Tilbury a wancan lokacin, ta yi nasara a shari'ar keta haƙƙin mallaka da aka shigar a kan shagon sayar da kayayyaki mai rahusa na Aldi wanda ya sayar da irin wannan samfurin kamar na Tilbury's 'Filmstar Bronze and Glow', wanda aka ƙaddamar a shekarar 2013.  Karar ta yi iƙirari biyu na keta haƙƙin mallaka dangane da salon Starburst Design na marufi da **salon Powder Design** da aka lulluɓe a saman foda.   Aldi ta ƙaddamar da samfurinta a watan Yulin 2018, tare da ƙirar marufi iri ɗaya da ƙira iri ɗaya da aka lulluɓe a cikin wutar lantarki. An sayar da palet ɗin Aldi 'Broadway Shape and Glow' akan £6.99 yayin da aka sayar da palet ɗin 'Filmstar Bronze and Glow' na Charlotte Tilbury akan £39.  Aldi ta sami kimanin £140,000 daga tallace-tallacen palet ɗin su kafin a kawo ƙarar. 

Aldi ya yarda cewa ya san da tsarin Tilbury. Babbar Kotun Ingila da Wales ta yanke hukunci a takaice kan Islestarr Holdings Limited bisa ga tsarin da aka yi, sun yi kama sosai.
## manazarta
Leon Gaucherel

**Leon Gaucherel** (21 ga Mayu 1816, Paris - 7 ga Janairu 1886, Paris) ya kasance mai zane-zane na Faransa.

## Tarihin rayuwa
Ya koyi fasaha daga abokinsa tun yana yaro, Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, wanda ya bi shi zuwa Sicily daga 1836 zuwa 1837.  Babban ayyukansa na farko sune zane-zane don aikin dawo da Notre-Dame, wanda abokinsa da Jean-Baptiste Lassus suka gabatar a 1843. A shekara mai zuwa, ya fara sanin fasahar zane-zane.

A tsawon lokaci, ya tafi daga samar da zane-zane na asali zuwa yin sake fasalin ayyukan wasu masu fasaha. A shekara ta 1858, canjin ya cika kuma ya fara kirkirar zane-zane don mujallu; musamman Gazette des Beaux-Arts da Annales Archéologiques, inda ya nuna cikakkun bayanai na gine-gine. Ayyukansa a kan Gazette, tare da abokin aikinsa Léopold Flameng, sun taimaka wajen kafa sunan wannan littafin.

Ya kasance memba mai aiki na   kuma, a 1864, an ba shi suna Knight a cikin Legion of Honor .  A shekara ta 1866 ya kirkiro babban kundin rayuka don inganta zane-zane, wanda har yanzu ana ɗaukarsa ya fi sana'a fiye da fasaha. An gabatar da sabbin dabarun a cikin baje kolin Salon.

A shekara ta 1875, ya zama Darakta na Artistic na mujallar mako-mako, L'Art , wanda   ya kafa. A lokacin mulkinsa, ya dauki masu zane-zane da yawa don zama ma'aikatan dindindin. Daga cikin shahararrun shine  [fr]. Baya ga ayyukansa na kirkira, ya kuma dauki dalibai da yawa, ciki har da Victor Gustave Lhuillier, Louis Monzies, Edmond Ramus, da Adolphe Lalauze .

Gidan kayan gargajiya na fasaha da tarihi a Sainte-Menehould ya adana yawancin faranti na asali.

## Ayyukan da aka zaɓa

Fayil:Hennebont_église_par_léon_gaucherel_1.jpg|
Fayil:Le_faouët_Saint_Fiacre_jubé_lithographie.jpg|The 
Fayil:Ste-Anne-La-Palud-f1.highres.jpg|Fountain of Sainte-Anne-la-Palud, Plonévez-Porzay
Fayil:Architectural_details_of_the_roof_of_Beaune_hospital,_includ_Wellcome_V0012207.jpg|The roof of the Hospices de Beaune
Fayil:Gaucherel-Sentinel.jpg|The Sentinel(after Meissonier)


## Manazarta
Makarantar Sakandare ta Box Hill

**Makarantar Sakandare ta Box Hill** makarantar sakandare ce ta gwamnati mai haɗin gwiwa wacce ke kan kusurwar titin Middleborough da Whitehorse Road a gabashin yankin Box Hill a Melbourne, Victoria, Ostiraliya.

Tare da yin rijistar ɗalibai 1,479 (   ),  yana kula da ɗalibai daga shekara ta 7 zuwa 12. Ɗaliban aji na 10, 11 da 12 suna yin shirin VCE.

Yankin makarantar ya haɗa da unguwannin Box Hill, Box Hill South, Burwood, Burwood East, Blackburn, Blackburn North, da Blackburn South.

## Tarihi
An kafa Makarantar Sakandare ta Box Hill a shekarar 1930 a matsayin makarantar yara maza masu jinsi ɗaya, yanzu haka makarantar ta zama makaranta ta haɗin gwiwa. A tsakanin 2007-2009, Gwamnatin Jihar Victoria ta ɗauki nauyin haɓaka manyan kayan aikin, tare da kammala wasu sabbin azuzuwan a tsakiyar 2021, tare da kuma gwamnatin Jihar Victoria ta ba ta wani ƙarin dala $500,000 don gyara ma'aikata da bandakuna na ɗalibai. [1]

## Manazarta
Michel Nkuka Mbodilanga

**Michel Kuka Mboladinga**, wanda aka fi sani da **Michel Kuka**, **Michel Nkuka**, ko kuma da laƙabi **"Lumumba"** da **"Lumumba Vea"**, wani mai goyon bayan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Congo wanda aka san shi da halayensa na musamman a lokacin wasannin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar DR Congo. Tun daga shekarar 2013, ya tsaya cak a duk tsawon wasanni, yana kwaikwayon siffar mutum-mutumin Patrice Lumumba da ke Kinshasa. Ya jawo hankalin kafofin watsa labarai na duniya a lokacin gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2025 a Morocco.

## Tushen rayuwa
Kuka ɗan Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo ne kuma yana da shekaru kusan 53 a shekarar 2026. Ya kasance mai goyon bayan ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa, wacce ake yi wa laƙabi da Leopards, tsawon shekaru da yawa. A shekarar 2013, ya fara tsayawa ba tare da motsi ba yayin wasanni.

Shi memba ne na ƙungiyar magoya baya da masu zane-zane na Damisa. A cikin hirarraki, ya bayyana ayyukansa a matsayin na ƙasa da ƙasa da kuma na fasaha.

## Bayani
A lokacin wasanni, Kuka yana tsaye cak na tsawon mintuna 90, sau da yawa a kan ƙaramin dandamali. Yana ɗaga hannunsa na dama zuwa sama, yana kwaikwayon siffar mutum-mutumin Patrice Lumumba a Kinshasa.

Yawanci yana sanya suturar da ke da launukan tutar Kongo —shuɗi, rawaya, da ja. An yi masa ado da salon gyaran gashinsa da gilashinsa don ya yi kama da zamanin shekarun 1960.

A cikin hirarrakin manema labarai, Kuka ya bayyana cewa an yi shi ne don girmama Lumumba kuma yana wakiltar dabi'un mutunci, 'yanci, da ikon mallakar ƙasa.

## Yaɗa labarai
A lokacin Gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2025, kasancewar Kuka a kan rumfunan wasa ba tare da motsi ba ya jawo hankalin kafafen yada labarai na duniya. Halinsa ya bambanta da yanayin wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa na Afirka da aka saba gani.
An yada hotonsa sosai a shafukan sada zumunta, inda masu amfani da shi suka kira shi "mai goyon bayan mutum-mutumin" ko "jikan Lumumba." Yaɗa shirye-shiryen talabijin na wasannin DRC sau da yawa suna nuna shi a kan rumfunan zaɓe.

## Manufar da aka ambata
Kuka ya bayyana ayyukansa a matsayin waɗanda suka wuce tallafin ƙwallon ƙafa. A cikin hirarraki, ya kira shi "aikin ƙasa" da nufin girmama tarihin Congo da kuma ba da goyon bayan ɗabi'a ga ƙungiyar ƙasa.

Rahotannin kafofin watsa labarai sun lura da halayensa a matsayin misali na amfani da wasanni don bayyana tarihi da asalin ƙasa a Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo.

## Manazarta
James Robinson (yana gudu a baya)

**James Robinson** (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 1998) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙwallon ƙwallon kafa. Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Illinois State Redbirds kuma ya sanya hannu tare da Jacksonville Jaguars a matsayin mai ba da kyauta a cikin 2020, kuma an sayar da shi zuwa New York Jets a cikin 2022. A cikin 2020, Robinson ya karya rikodin Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Kasa (NFL) don mafi yawan yadudduka na kowane rookie da ba a tsara shi ba.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Robinson kuma ta girma a Rockford, Illinois . Ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Rockford Lutheran, inda ya buga wasan kwando da kwallon kafa. A matsayinsa na babban jami'i, ya yi tsalle 2,461 yadudduka da 44 touchdowns kuma an kira shi Class 4A All-State. Robinson ya kafa tarihin aikin IHSA tare da yadudduka 9,045 da 158 da suka yi sauri.

Robinson ya fara ne a Jami'ar Jihar Illinois a matsayin sabon shiga na gaskiya a shekarar 2016 kuma ya buga wasanni tara, ya rasa uku saboda raunin maraƙi. An yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin ajiyar ajiya kuma ya gama kakar a matsayin mai tseren Redbirds na uku, tare da yadudduka 322 da touchdowns biyu a kan taɓawa 63.

Robinson ya zama mai farawa na Jihar Illinois a matsayin mai karatun biyu a shekarar 2017 kuma da sauri ya fito a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasa a taron kwallon kafa na Missouri Valley (MVFC). Ya yi sauri don yadudduka 933 da 12 touchdowns, yana taimakawa wajen jagorantar Redbirds zuwa gasar MVFC da kuma bayyana a cikin FCS playoffs. Ayyukansa sun ba shi lambar yabo ta farko ta All-MVFC

A lokacin ƙaramin lokacinsa a cikin 2018, Robinson ya ɗaga matsayinsa na ƙasa. Ya dauki yadudduka 1,290 da 12 touchdowns, da kuma wasanni masu yawa na 100-yadi, ya kafa sunansa a matsayin daya daga cikin magoya bayan FCS mafi yawan amfani. Robinson an ba shi lambar yabo ta farko ta All-MVFC a karo na biyu a jere kuma ya sami girmamawa ta Amurka, gami da girmamawa ta farko daga Phil Steele da girmamawa na uku daga Associated Press. An kuma zaba shi a matsayin dan wasan karshe na lambar yabo ta Walter Payton . 

A matsayin babban jami'i a shekarar 2019, Robinson yana da daya daga cikin lokutan gaggawa mafi kyau a tarihin makaranta. Ya jagoranci FCS tare da yadudduka 1,899 masu gudu kuma ya kara 18 touchdowns, ya sami amincewar kungiyar farko ta FCS All-American da kuma na uku a jere na kungiyar farko ta MVFC. Robinson ya kammala aikinsa na kwaleji tare da yadudduka 4,444, na biyu mafi yawa a tarihin Jihar Illinois, kuma an dauke shi a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasan FCS da ke shiga cikin shirin NFL.

### Kididdigar kwaleji
Léon Gautier (soja)

**Léon Gautier** MBE (27 ga Oktoba 1922 - 3 ga Yuli 2023) ya kasance sojan Faransa ne a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu . 

## Tarihin rayuwa

### Rayuwa ta farko da aikin soja
An haifi Gautier a Rennes, Brittany, a Faransa, a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 1922 .  A farkon Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, yana aiki a matsayin mai horar da motoci.

Ya shiga cikin Sojojin Ruwa na Faransa 'Yanci da shekaru 17, kuma ya shiga cikin tsaron tashar jiragen ruwa ta Cherbourg da bakin Vire a Normandy a matsayin mai bindiga a kan jirgin yaki na Courbet .  Ya gudu zuwa Ƙasar Ingila kafin mamayar Nazi a Faransa. Bayan ya koyi game da Free France a 1940, ya yanke shawarar shiga Charles de Gaulle kuma ya shiga cikin fareti na 14 ga Yuli 1940 a London tare da Free French Naval Forces .  Gautier ya kuma yi aiki a kan jirgin ruwa na Gallois kuma a matsayin mai bindiga a kan jirgin ruwan *Surcouf*, wanda ke aiki a Afirka da Gabas ta Tsakiya.

Ya yi yaƙi tare da 1st Bataillon de Fusiliers Marins Commandos, karkashin jagorancin Lieutenant-Commander Philippe Kieffer, a Kongo, Siriya, da Lebanon kafin ya shiga cikin mamayewar Normandy, inda aka kashe fiye da rabin ƙungiyarsa.[1] Daga baya ya ji rauni a idonsa, wanda ya kai shi ga samun iyakantaccen shiga cikin sauran yakin.

### Bayan yakin
Bayan yaƙin, Gautier ya zama mai fafutukar zaman lafiya, yana kiran yaƙi "ƙazantarwa" wanda "ya ƙare tare da gwauraye da marayu". Ya yi aiki a matsayin mai buga kwallo a Ƙasar Ingila na tsawon shekaru bakwai, kafin ya koma Kamaru da Najeriya na wasu shekaru bakwai. Daga baya ya zauna a garin Norman na Ouistreham a shekarar 1992. Ya zama shugaban reshen Faransa na Association of Commandos .  Ya ci gaba da abota da tsohon sojan Jamus, Johannes Borner, tare da abokantakarsu ta zama batun littafin Jean-Charles Stasi.

A watan Yunin 2019, Gautier ya shiga cikin bikin cika shekaru 75 na D-Day inda ya haɗu da ɗan'uwan D-Day na Faransa Jacques Lewis . 

## Rayuwa da mutuwarsa
Gautier ya auri Dorothy Banks, wanda ya sadu da ita yayin da yake aiki a Ingila a watan Satumbar 1943, har zuwa mutuwarta a shekarar 2016.  Suna da 'ya'ya mata biyu.

Ya mutu a ranar 3 ga Yulin 2023, yana da shekaru 100, bayan an kwantar da shi a asibiti a Caen saboda kamuwa da cutar huhu. Da yake mayar da martani ga mutuwarsa, shugaban Faransa Emmanuel Macron ya bayyana Gautier kamar yadda ya "haɗa kyawawan halaye na jarumi da na mai zaman lafiya".

## Daraja
Gautier memba ne na Order of the British Empire kuma Babban Jami'in Legion of Honour .  An kuma ba shi lambar yabo ta Médaille militaire, Croix de Guerre 1939-1945 (tare da ambato 2), Medal na Resistance, Cross na Volunteer Combatant, da lambar yabo ta tunawa don aikin sa kai a Free France.
Charlotte Tilbury

**Charlotte Emma Bow Tilbury** MBE (an haife ta a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, 1973) 'yar kasuwa ce ta kwalliya kuma mai zane-zanen kayan kwalliya ta Burtaniya. Ita ce ta kafa, shugaba kuma babbar jami'ar kirkire-kirkire ta kamfanin kayan shafa da kula da fata na Charlotte Tilbury Beauty Ltd. Tilbury editan kwalliya ce mai ba da gudummawa ga mujallar British  kuma jakadiyar duniya ta Women International.  

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Tilbury a Kensington, yammacin London  a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, 1973 ga mai zane Lance Tilbury da manajan shirya fina-finai Patsy Dodd. Ita da iyayenta sun koma Ibiza, Spain lokacin tana da watanni tara.  Lokacin da take da shekaru 13, Charlotte ta koma Landan don halartar makarantar kwana ta Rudolf-Steiner da ke Sussex, inda ta fara gwada kayan shafa.  Tilbury za ta ba wa abokanta shawarwari kan kayan shafa kuma ta nuna musu launukan da za su yi kyau a kansu.  Tilbury ta halarci Makarantar Kayan shafa ta Glauca Rossi. 

## Sana'a
Tilbury ta fara aikinta na kwalliya tana taimaka wa Mary Greenwell, wadda ta taɓa haɗuwa da ita tun tana 'yar shekara 11 a Amurka.  Daga baya ta ambaci Greenwell a matsayin "mai ba da shawara mai ban mamaki." 

A watan Oktoban 2012, Tilbury ta ƙaddamar da tashar YouTube ɗinta mai suna CharlotteTilbury, da kuma wani shafin yanar gizo mai suna *Charlotte's Beauty Secrets* . A kan waɗannan, ta wallafa shawarwari game da kula da fata da kuma koyaswar kayan shafa.

A shekarar 2013, Tilbury ta ƙaddamar da alamar kwalliyarta, Charlotte Tilbury Beauty Ltd. A wani shagon Selfridges da ke Landan, tare da jerin kayayyakin kula da fata da kayan kwalliya.  Alamar ta samu nasara tun da farko, domin Tilbury ta riga ta sami mabiya da yawa daga tashar YouTube. A watan Nuwamba na 2015, babban shagon Tilbury ya buɗe a Covent Garden na London.  Yanzu ana sayar da kayayyakin a ƙasashen waje kuma ana iya samun su a shagon kayan kwalliya na Sephora,  da kuma a MECCA a Ostiraliya da New Zealand. 

Ana iya ganin ayyukan Tilbury a cikin mujallu masu daraja na salon zamani kamar *Vogue*, mujallar , *Vanity Fair*, mujallar *V*, galibi a cikin nau'in hotunan rufewa da kamfen ɗin edita.  Tilbury ta yi aiki tare da masu ɗaukar hoto ciki har da Mario Testino da Mert da Marcus, da kuma shahararrun mutane kamar Kate Moss, Kim Kardashian, Gisele Bündchen da lauya mai kare haƙƙin ɗan adam Amal Clooney .  Tilbury kuma tana aiki a Makon Fashion a New York, Milan, Paris, da London, tana aiki a matsayin darektan kayan kwalliya na samfuran kamar Prada, McQueen, Cavalli, Lanvin, da Chloe. A baya, Tilbury ta yi aiki tare da masu zane kamar Tom Ford da Burberry kan kamfen ɗin kwalliya, da kuma yin aiki a matsayin darektan kirkire-kirkire na Helena Rubinstein, da sauransu.  

## manazarta
Louise Redknapp

**Louise Elizabeth Redknapp** (née **Nurding** ; an haife ta a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba 1974), wacce aka fi sani da **Louise**, mawaƙiya ce ta Ingila, mai rawa kuma fitacciyar mai watsa labarai. Ta kasance memba na Eternal, ƙungiyar 'yan mata ta R&amp;amp;B wacce ta fara fitowa a shekarar 1993 da kundin shirye-shiryenta na *Always &amp;amp; Forever* mai siffar platinum huɗu. A shekarar 1995, ta bar ƙungiyar don yin aikinta na kaɗaici. Baya ga kiɗa, Redknapp ta gabatar da shirye-shiryen talabijin da dama kuma ta kasance alkali a sigar Burtaniya ta *So You Think You Can Dance* . Ta auri tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila Jamie Redknapp . A shekarar 2016, Redknapp ta kai ga ƙarshe a cikin jerin shirye-shirye na goma sha huɗu na BBC One 's *Strictly Come Dancing* . Tarihin Redknapp mai taken *You've Got This: And Other Things I Wish I Had Known* an fitar da shi a shekarar 2021. 

Redknapp ta fitar da kundin waƙoƙi guda biyar na studio: *Naked* (1996), *Woman in Me* (1997), *Elbow Beach* (2000) da kuma, bayan dakatarwar shekaru 17 daga yin rikodi, *Heavy Love* (2020). An fitar da kundin waƙoƙin Redknapp na *Greatest Hits* a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2023 kuma ya ƙunshi sabbin waƙoƙin da ta sake tunani a kansu da kuma sabbin waƙoƙi guda biyar. Kundin waƙoƙinta na biyar na studio, *Confessions*, an fitar da shi a watan Mayu 2025; wani waƙa da ta gabata, "Confession", an fitar da shi a watan Fabrairu 2025.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Redknapp Louise Elizabeth Nurding a Lewisham, London.  Mahaifinta magini ne kuma mahaifiyarta tana aiki a Filin Jirgin Sama na Gatwick .  Redknapp da ƙannenta biyu sun girma a Eltham, London, da Oxted, Surrey. Ta bayyana kanta a matsayin wacce ta fito daga iyali ɗaya tilo tare da mahaifiyarta. 

A lokacin da take da shekaru 11, Redknapp ta sami tallafin karatu  zuwa Kwalejin Fasaha ta Italiya Conti da ke Landan, inda ta haɗu da abokiyar aikinta ta gaba Kéllé Bryan a ranarta ta farko. 

## Sana'a
A lokacin da take wasa a kulob tana da shekaru 15, Redknapp ta haɗu da manajan kiɗan Oliver Smallman na First Avenue Management, wanda ke kafa ƙungiyar 'yan mata gaba ɗaya.   Daga baya ta gabatar da Denis ga Kéllé Bryan.   Kéllé da Redknapp, tare da 'yan'uwa mata Easther da Vernie Bennett, sun kafa ƙungiyar Eternal a 1992.  Ƙungiyar ta yi waƙar R&B, kuma ta yi rikodin waƙoƙi da dama a shekarun 1990.  Waƙar farko ta Eternal " Stay " ta shiga jadawalin Burtaniya a lamba 16 kuma ta hau zuwa lamba huɗu.  Redknapp ta bar ƙungiyar a 1995 don neman aikin kaɗaici,  a tsakiyar jita-jita marasa tushe cewa an tilasta mata ta tafi saboda wani gidan rediyo a Amurka da aka keɓe ga kiɗan baƙar fata ba zai tallata ƙungiyar da ta haɗu da launin fata ba.  Redknapp ta ce ta tafi ne saboda tana cikin baƙin ciki da kewar gida. 

## manazarta
Louise Trotter

**Louise Trotter** ƙwararriyar mai zane-zane ce 'yar ƙasar Ingila wadda ta kasance darakta mai kirkire-kirkire a kamfanin Bottega Veneta tun daga shekarar 2025. Ta taɓa yin aiki a shagunan tufafi da yawa, gidajen sayar da kayayyaki, da kuma kamfanonin kayan kwalliya.

## Rayuwar farko
An haife ta a Sunderland, a Ingila,  Trotter ta yi karatun kwalliya a Jami'ar Northumbria ta Newcastle, inda ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1991.  

## Sana'a
Trotter ya fara aiki a Whistles da ke Landan kuma an ɗaukaka shi zuwa Daraktan Kirkire-kirkire. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

Daga nan Trottee ta koma birnin New York don zama Shugabar Kayan Mata a kamfanin PVH Calvin Klein . Daga baya ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Shugabar Zane-zanen Kayan Mata a Gap,  kuma kafin ta zama Mataimakin Daraktan Ƙirƙira na SVP a wata kamfanin PVH, Tommy Hilfiger .  

Daga nan Trotter ya koma Burtaniya don ya karɓi ragamar Daraktan Kirkire-kirkire a Jigsaw . 

A shekarar 2009, Trotter ta fara aiki a matsayin Daraktan Kirkire-kirkire na Joseph, inda ta zauna fiye da shekaru 9, har zuwa 2018.  

A shekarar 2018 ta zama daraktan kirkire-kirkire na Lacoste .  

A watan Fabrairun 2023, Trotter ya karɓi jagorancin ƙirƙira na Carven  bayan ya bar Lacoste a farkon wannan shekarar. 

A ranar 12 ga Disamba 2024, Carven da Kering sun sanar da janyewarsu daga jagorancin Carven  da kuma fara aikinta na farko a matsayin daraktan kirkire-kirkire na Bottega Veneta,   tun daga Janairu 2025. 

## Manazarta
Joyce Vincent Wilson

**Joyce Vincent Wilson** (an haife ta a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 1946) mawaƙiya ce 'yar Amurka, wacce aka fi sani da wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar Tony Orlando da Dawn .  'Yar uwarta, Pamela Wilson, ita ma mawaƙiya ce.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Wilson ta fara aikinta a Detroit tana samar da waƙoƙin baya a rikodin Motown da Golden World. Ta haɗu da Telma Hopkins a wannan lokacin kuma su biyun sun samar da waƙoƙin baya a Invictus / Hot Wax Records na Holland–Dozier–Holland .

Orlando ta fitar da waƙoƙin " Candida " da " Knock Three Times ", waɗanda aka yi rikodin su tare da mawakan zaman kamar Linda November da Toni Wine suna goyon bayansa, a ƙarƙashin sunan Dawn; lokacin da waƙoƙin suka yi rijista, Orlando ta buƙaci ƙungiyar masu goyon baya don yin rangadin da yin rikodi tare. Wilson da Telma Hopkins sun shiga Orlando suna wasa a matsayin Dawn. Daga baya ƙungiyar ta sami nasu shirin talabijin mai nasara (  ), kuma Wilson ya fito a cikin waƙoƙin da suka shahara ciki har da " He Don't Love You (Like I Love You) ", " Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree " da " Say, Has Anybody See My Sweet Gypsy Rose ".

An taɓa ɗaukar Wilson a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin ƙungiyar Supremes bayan tafiyar tsohuwar memba Mary Wilson . Motown ta yanke shawarar cewa kada ƙungiyar ta ci gaba ba tare da memba na asali ba, kuma Supremes ta wargaje a shekarar 1977.  

Wilson ya rera waƙa a matsayin mawaƙiya mai goyon baya a kundin waƙoƙin Scherrie Payne da kuma kundin waƙoƙin Susaye Greene na *Partners* a shekarar 1979. 

Kamar yadda ƙungiyar The Vincent Sisters, Wilson, tare da 'yar'uwa Pamela Vincent sun ba da waƙoƙin Tony Orlando na asali, musamman a cikin Jerry Lewis Telethon . 

Wilson, abokiyar Payne, ta kuma bayar da waƙoƙin tallafi a lokacin wasanninta na kaɗa kai. A shekarar 2006, Wilson da 'yar uwarta Pamela sun ba da waƙoƙin tallafi a wani bikin cika shekaru ashirin da aka yi wa ƙungiyar Former Ladies of the Supremes (FLOS). A watan Janairun 2007, Wilson da Vincent sun ba da waƙoƙin tallafi ga Payne a wani wasan kwaikwayo a Los Angeles . A wannan shekarar, Vincent ya maye gurbin Freddi Poole a cikin FLOS don yawon shakatawa tare da Payne da Lynda Laurence, lokacin da Poole ke fama da mutuwar mahaifiyarta.  Wilson da Vincent suma sun yi wasa tare da ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta "Inspirational Voices of Free", kuma sun kasance membobin ƙungiyar Tour de 4Force mai dogon lokaci. Waɗanda suka yi wasan sun haɗa da Jim Gilstrap, Theresa Davis (na Emotions ) da Payne. 

A matsayin wani ɓangare na Tony Orlando da Dawn, an shigar da Vincent Wilson cikin ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Vocal a shekara ta 2007. 

A shekara ta 2009, Wilson ta maye gurbin Poole a FLOS, kuma ta fara fitowa a matsayin jaruma a ranar 3 ga Oktoba, 2009. 

## Manazarta
Chris R. Hansen

**Christopher R. Hansen** manajan asusun hedge ne na Amurka. A watan Maris na 2008, ya kafa Valiant Capital Management, wani asusun hedge na dogon lokaci/gajere na duniya da ke San Francisco, California wanda ke da kadarori na dala biliyan 2.7 a shekarar 2012. 

An haɗa Valiant Capital Management a cikin jerin Ma'aikatar Shari'a ta 2021 na masu siyar da gajerun kaya 20/30 da ake bincika.

## Rayuwar farko
Hansen ya girma a Seattle, Washington, bayan iyalinsa sun ƙaura zuwa can lokacin yana ɗan shekara shida. 

## Sana'a
Hansen ya yi aiki a matsayin manazarci kuma abokin tarayya a Montgomery Securities da Blue Ridge Capital da ke San Francisco.  Ya kasance Manajan Darakta a Blue Ridge na tsawon shekaru 7, daga 2001 zuwa 2008. 

Bayan ya bar Blue Ridge, Hansen ya kafa Valiant Capital, inda a halin yanzu yake shugaban ƙasa kuma manajan fayil. Ƙananan abokan hulɗa bakwai ne ke tallafa masa. 

## Sha'awar ƙwallon kwando
A watan Janairun 2013, wata ƙungiya ƙarƙashin jagorancin Hansen ta cimma yarjejeniya don siyan Sacramento Kings da kuma mayar da ƙungiyar zuwa Seattle . Amma a ranar 29 ga Afrilu, 2013, kwamitin ƙaura na NBA ya ba da shawarar cewa masu NBA su ƙi amincewa da buƙatar ƙaura da ƙungiyar, wanda dangin Maloof, masu ita a lokacin, suka gabatar a madadin Hansen.   Kwamitin Gwamnonin NBA ya ƙi sayar da Hansen da kuri'u 22-8.  

A watan Agusta na 2013, an bayyana Hansen a matsayin babban mai tallafawa kudi na kokarin neman kuri'un jama'a kan wani sabon fagen wasa a Sacramento; sabuwar fagen wasa ta kasance bukata ga NBA nan da shekarar 2017 don hayar Kings na dogon lokaci a Sacramento. 

## Manazarta
Kate Walsh

**Kate Walsh** (an haife ta a ranar 17 ga Yuni 1981)  babbar jami'ar kasuwanci ce ta Ingila kuma tsohuwar jarumar talabijin. Walsh ta jawo hankalin jama'a a watan Maris na 2009 yayin da take fitowa a matsayin 'yar takara a cikin jerin shirye-shirye na biyar na *The Apprentice* .   Daga baya ta haɗu da shirin nishaɗi na Channel 5 na yamma *kai tsaye daga Studio Five* daga 2009 zuwa 2011 da kuma shirin da ya maye gurbinsa *OK!* *TV* a 2011. 

A shekarar 2024, an naɗa Walsh a matsayin Babban Jami'in Dillalan Kayayyaki na BoConcept a Denmark .

## Rayuwa ta farko
Walsh ta girma a Staffordshire kuma ta halarci Kwalejin Fasaha ta Blake Valley . Ta kammala karatun digiri na BSc a fannin Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam da Gudanarwa daga Jami'ar Aston, Birmingham.  

## ''Ɗalibin''
A shekarar 2009, Walsh ta shiga cikin jerin 5 na *The Apprentice* inda ta fafata don neman aikin yi wa Alan Sugar . Ta kammala a matsayi na biyu a jerin 'yan wasa ga Yasmina Siadatan . 

## Aikin gabatar da talabijin
Bayan ta yi aiki a *The Apprentice*, Walsh ta dauki nauyin wani shirin kayan kwalliya na mata a *GMTV*, inda ta fito a shirye-shirye da dama. 

A watan Satumba na 2009, Walsh ta shiga Channel 5 don gabatar da shirin *kai tsaye daga Studio Five* .  Ta gabatar da shirin tare da wasu masu gabatar da shirin har zuwa lokacin da aka soke shi a watan Fabrairu na 2011.  Walsh ita ce kadai mai gabatarwa daga cikin jerin wadanda suka ci gaba da kasancewa tare da shirin tun lokacin da aka fara shi.  Walsh ta hada kai wajen gabatar da shirin nishaɗi, *OK!* *TV ,* daga 14 ga Fabrairu 2011 zuwa Agusta 2011. 

## Aikin kasuwanci
Kafin ya bayyana a The Apprentice Walsh, ya yi aiki a fannin kasuwanci, ciki har da Manajan Ci gaban Lasisi na wani kamfanin kofi. 

Bayan aikin gabatar da shirye-shiryen talabijin, Walsh ta koma aiki a masana'antar dillalai. Ta yi aiki na tsawon shekaru goma a Pandora a wurare daban-daban a ƙarshe a matsayin Babbar Mataimakiyar Shugaba Omnichannel Retail.  A watan Afrilun 2024, an naɗa Walsh a matsayin Babban Jami'in Dillalai na BoConcept . 

## manazarta
Carmen Hermosillo

**Carmen Hermosillo** (ta mutu a ranar 10 ga Agusta, 2008   ), wanda kuma aka sani da **humdog**, **wolftone**, **Montserrat Snakeankle**, **Sparrowhawk Maybe**,  ta kasance manajan al'umma / mai sharhi kan bincike,   mai rubutun makala, kuma mawaƙi . Mai ba da gudummawa ga *2GQ* (yanzu *[[New Oregon Arts & Letters]]* ), *FringeWare Review*, *wired*, da *Leonardo*, Peter Ludlow 's *High Noon on the Electronic Frontier*,  da *How to Mutate and Take Over the World*,  ta kasance mai shiga cikin al'ummomin kan layi da yawa ciki har da ɗakunan hira na farko da dandalin tattaunawa na intanet kamar The WELL, BBSs, da ayyukan da suka biyo baya kamar *Second Life* .

A shekarar 1994 ta buga wani rubutu mai tasiri a yanar gizo, "Pandora's Vox: On Community in Cyberspace", inda ta yi jayayya cewa sakamakon hanyoyin sadarwa na kwamfuta ya haifar, ba rage tsarin aiki ba, amma a zahiri ya haifar da siyar da halaye da kuma canja wurin iko da bayanai zuwa ga kamfanoni masu rikitarwa.

## Zaɓaɓɓen aiki

* "Pandora's Vox: Akan Al'umma a Intanet" (1994)  
* "Veni Redemptor: Masks na ƙarfe na Allah" (1997)
* "Tarihin Hukumar" (2004) 
* "Rashin yarda: Jima'i a cikin Wasanni" (2005)
* "Ikirarin Bawan Gore " (2006)  
* "Wasan kwaikwayo da Kwantiragin zamantakewa a Duniyar Kwamfuta" (ba a gama ba)

## Manazarta
Olivia Graeve

**Olivia Graeve** injiniya ce ta injiniya da sararin samaniya kuma farfesa ce a Jami'ar California San Diego . Haka kuma ita ce darektan Cibiyar CaliBaja don Kayan Aiki da Tsarin Juriya a UC San Diego - wata cibiyar bincike ta ƙasa da ƙasa a ɓangarorin biyu na kan iyakar California da Mexico .

## Ilimi da farkon aiki
An haifi Graeve kuma ta girma a Tijuana, babbar 'ya'ya biyar.  Ta fara zuwa Kwalejin Al'umma ta Kudu maso Yamma tsawon shekaru biyu kafin ta koma Jami'ar California San Diego, inda ta sami digirinta na farko a fannin injiniyan gine-gine a shekarar 1995.  A can, ta sami jagoranci daga Joanna McKittrick, mace ta biyu da ta shiga sashen injiniya a UC San Diego.  Daga nan ta sami digirinta na uku a fannin kimiyyar kayan aiki da injiniya daga Jami'ar California, Davis a shekarar 2001.

Bayan kammala karatun digiri, an ɗauke ta aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar farfesa a Jami'ar Nevada, Reno . A shekarar 2008, ta koma New York don zama farfesa a fannin injiniya a Jami'ar Alfred daga 2008 zuwa 2012, kafin ta koma Jami'ar California San Diego, a matsayin farfesa a Sashen Injiniyan Injiniya da Sararin Samaniya a Makarantar Injiniya ta Jacobs .

## Bincike
Graeve ita ce farfesa ta farko a fannin injiniyan Latina da aka ɗauka aiki a UC San Diego.  Shirin bincikenta ya mayar da hankali kan ƙira da sarrafa sabbin kayan aiki waɗanda suka dace da yanayi mai tsauri, kamar waɗanda aka fuskanta a sararin samaniya ko a cikin na'urorin nukiliya. Daga cikin kayan da ƙungiyar bincikenta ke aiki a kai akwai wani nau'in ƙarfe, wanda ake kira SAM2X5-630, wanda ke da juriya ga nakasa saboda tasirin da ya yi yawa.   Kayan yana da tsarin sinadarai na musamman wanda yake da roba amma yana da ƙarfi sosai, wanda hakan ke sa ya zama da amfani ga aikace-aikace kamar sulken jiki da kuma kariya ga tauraron dan adam. 

A shekarar 2008, Graeve's ta sami tallafin NSF STTR tare da haɗin gwiwar AMAD saboda aikinta kan haɓakawa da bincike kan ƙarfin tungsten da ƙarfe waɗanda ke da amfani a cikin nazarin tace hasken UV. Mayar da hankali kan kayan da ke cikin yanayi mai tsauri yana ƙarfafa nazarin kayan da za su iya jure yanayin zafi mai yawa, yawan matsin lamba, da radiation. 

## manazarta
Olivia Grosvenor, Duchess na Westminster

**Olivia Grosvenor, Duchess ta Westminster** ( *wanda* **aka** haifa a ranar 1 ga Satumba, 1992), 'yar attajiri ce 'yar Burtaniya. Bayan aurenta da Duke na 7 na Westminster a watan Yunin 2024, ta zama Duchess ta goma ta Westminster .

## Rayuwar farko da iyali
An haifi Olivia Grace Henson a ranar 1 ga Satumba, 1992 a Landan ga Rupert Cornelius Brooke Henson, ma'aikacin banki, da Caroline Belinda Frisby, zuriyar Sir Richard Hoare, wanda ya kafa bankin C. Hoare &amp;amp; Co.  Kakarta ta wajen uwa ita ce Lady Geraldine Mariana Hoare ( *wanda aka haifa a* Hervey, 1869-1955), 'yar Lord Augustus Hervey kuma jikanyar Duke na 5 na Rutland .   

Kakan kakan Henson, matar farko ta Henry Peregrine Hoare (1901–1981), Anne, Lady Ebury, ita ce mahaifiyar Francis Grosvenor, Earl na Wilton na 8, magajin da ake kyautata zaton zai gaji sarautar mijinta Henson, Marquess na Westminster . 

## Ilimi da aiki
Henson ta halarci Makarantar Dragon, wata makaranta mai zaman kanta a Oxford, kafin ta halarci Kwalejin Marlborough, wata makarantar kwana a Wiltshire, tare da Gimbiya Eugenie .  Ta kammala karatunta a Kwalejin Trinity, Dublin (TCD), tare da digiri a fannin Nazarin Hispanic da Italiyanci. 

Henson tana aiki a masana'antar abinci da abin sha mai ɗorewa.  Tun daga shekarar 2019, tana aiki a Belazu, wani kamfanin samar da abinci mai ɗa'a da ke Landan, kuma ta taɓa yin aiki a kamfanoni kamar kamfanin Daily Dose mai matse ruwan 'ya'yan itace.  

## Aure da batun
A watan Afrilun 2023, an sanar da auren Henson da Duke na 7 na Westminster .  Duke ya yi niyyar gina gidan Eaton, gidan danginsa, bayan kusan shekaru biyu yana da alaƙa da Henson.  Duke yana kusa da dangin sarautar Birtaniya ; shi ne uban Sarki Charles na III kuma uban Yarima George na Wales da Yarima Archie na Sussex . 

A shekarar 2008, Graeve's ta sami tallafin NSF STTR tare da haɗin gwiwar AMAD saboda aikinta kan haɓakawa da bincike kan ƙarfin tungsten da ƙarfe waɗanda ke da amfani a cikin nazarin tace hasken UV. Mayar da hankali kan kayan da ke cikin yanayi mai tsauri yana ƙarfafa nazarin kayan da za su iya jure yanayin zafi mai yawa, yawan matsin lamba, da radiation. [1] sun yi aure a Chester Cathedral a ranar 7 ga Yuni, 2024.  Henson ta sanya tiara mai launin lu'u-lu'u ta Grosvenor Myrtle Leaf ta 1906 daga Fabergé don bikin.   Tsarin dinki da ke kan rigar amaryarta ya haɗa da launuka masu fure da gefuna daga mayafin da kakarta Lady Geraldine Mariana Hervey ta saka a shekarar 1880 lokacin aurenta a shekarar 1898.   Yariman Wales ya yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da gidan a lokacin aurensu.  Baƙi sun haɗa da Gimbiya Eugenie da Leonora, Countess ta Lichfield .  Shugaban Chester ne ya jagoranci bikin, yayin da Bishop na Chester ya gabatar da wa'azin.   Yayin da ma'auratan suka bar cocin suna tafiya zuwa wata mota da ke jira, an samu matsala tsakanin mambobi biyu na Just Stop Oil . 

A ranar 27 ga Yuli, 2025, ta haifi 'ya mace.  

## Manazarta
Makarantar Sakandare ta Blackburn

**Makarantar** Sakandare ta Blackburn makaranta ce ta gwamnati mai haɗin gwiwa ga yara 'yan shekara 7 zuwa 12 a Blackburn North, wani yanki na Melbourne, Victoria, Ostiraliya, wanda aka kafa a 1956. Makarantar ta shahara saboda manhajar karatun kiɗa da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi karatun, musamman saboda yadda ta fara amfani da ilimin kiɗa a makarantun gwamnati.

## Tarihi
An sayi filin Makarantar Sakandare ta Blackburn daga Iyalin Pearce, waɗanda suka noma peaches da ceri. A shekarar 1955 (shekaru biyar kafin buɗewa) an bayyana wurin a matsayin "har yanzu yana cikin jihar ceri orchard",  duk da haka Lilydale Express ta ba da rahoton cewa za a ɗaukaka "Mr. Percy" daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Lilydale zuwa shugaban makarantar Blackburn. 

Shirin kiɗan kayan kida na makarantar sakandare ta Blackburn ya fara ne a shekarar 1965 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin malami Renee Maddocks da kuma shugabar makarantar Arthur Beaumont. 

## Ayyukan waje na makaranta

### Kiɗa
bukukuwa kamar bikin Monterey Jazz, [undefined] [undefined] Floriade, [2] Taron Ilimi na Ƙungiyar Duniya don Kiɗa, [3] Bikin Kiɗa na Makarantar Victorian, [4] [1] Bikin Asibitin Midwest na Shekara-shekara na 71, [5] da kuma bikin Kirsimeti na Whitehorse na gida.[6] [7]

Ta kuma fafata a bikin makada na makarantar Echuca-Moama,  Royal South Street Eisteddfod, Generations in Jazz Competition,   da kuma gasar da bikin makada na makarantar sakandare ta Ellington. 

Makarantar ta fitar da kundin waƙoƙi guda uku, ɗaya a shekarar 1977,  da biyu daga Midwest Clinic a shekarar 2017. 

## Manazarta
Dominique Woolf

**Dominique Alexis Woolf** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1978) marubuciyar abinci ce ta Ingila, 'yar kasuwa, kuma tsohuwar mawaƙiya. Tana gudanar da The Woolf's Kitchen kuma, bayan ta lashe *gasar The Great Cookbook Challenge* ta Jamie Oliver, ta buga littafin girke-girke mafi sayarwa *na Sunday Times* mai lamba 1 *Dominique's Kitchen* (2022). Sai kuma *The Asian Pantry* (2024).

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Woolf a Saudiyya ga mahaifinta ɗan Ingila da kuma mahaifiyarta ɗan Thailand, kuma ta girma a Qatar, inda mahaifinta ya koyar da Turanci, har zuwa shekara 8. Tana da gadon Sinanci a ɓangaren uwa, kuma tana da gadon Dutch da Swiss a ɓangaren uba,  kuma mahaifinta dangi ne na nesa na Virginia Woolf . 

Bayan ta yi aiki a fannin tallace-tallace da daukar ma'aikata tsawon shekaru goma, Woolf ta shiga harkar kiɗa. Ta jagoranci wata ƙungiya mai suna Wolfette   kuma ta fito a cikin waƙoƙin mawaka da dama a fannin waƙa da rubuta waƙa. Ta yi wasa a wuraren rawa kamar Glastonbury Festival .  Woolf ta yi ritaya daga kiɗa don ta ba wa iyalinta lokaci.

Bayan ta yanke shawarar fara girki a shekarar 2019, Woolf ta shiga wani kwas na Leiths School of Food and Wine ta yanar gizo da kuma wani shirin Amazon Small Business.   A watan Yunin 2020, Woolf ta kafa kasuwancinta The Woolf's Kitchen, tana sayar da miya iri-iri na gida, kayan ƙanshi, da sauran kayayyakin abinci na cikin gida. &#x5B; ** &#x5D; Tun daga shekarar 2021, ana adana kayayyakinta a shaguna kamar Selfridge's  kuma nan da shekarar 2022, The Woolf's Kitchen tana samar da kuɗin shiga na fam dubu 150 a kowace shekara.  Woolf ta kasance ta ƙarshe a gasar lambar yabo ta mata ta Enterprise Nation's Female Start-up of the Year, kuma alamarta ta sami kyaututtuka huɗu na Great Taste na 2021. 

Haka kuma a shekarar 2022, Woolfe ta lashe gasar Jamie Oliver 's Channel 4 mai taken *The Great Cookbook Challenge*, inda ta buga littafin girke-girkenta na farko mai suna *Dominique's Kitchen* ta hanyar Penguin Michael Joseph (PMJ).   *Dominique's Kitchen* ya zama lamba 1 a cikin jerin littattafan da suka fi sayarwa a jaridar *[[Sunday Times]]* . 

Woolfe ta sake haɗuwa da PMJ don buga littafin girke-girke na biyu *The Asian Pantry* a watan Yunin 2024.   An ƙaddamar da Woolf's Kitchen a Ocado a wannan kaka. 

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Sakandare ta Bayswater

**Kwalejin Sakandare ta Bayswater** kwaleji ce ta jiha da ke cikin yankin Bayswater a gabashin Melbourne, Ostiraliya.

## Game da makaranta
Shirye-shiryen manyan ɗalibai sun haɗa da Takardar Shaidar Ilimi ta Victorian (VCE), Ilimi da Horarwa na Sana'a (VET), Takardar Shaidar Koyon Aiki ta Victorian (VCAL) da kuma shiga cikin Horarwa ta Makaranta. Ana gudanar da shirye-shiryen ta hanyar shirye-shiryen haɗin gwiwa tare da wasu makarantu da kuma samar da su ta hanyar TAFE. Ana gudanar da shirye-shiryen Wasan Kwaikwayo da kuma sansanonin wasanni, tafiye-tafiye, wasanni da sauran ayyuka na musamman.[1]

Makarantar tana cikin jerin ɗaliban da suka fito daga makarantun da ba su da wakilci sosai a jami'a, don haka ɗalibai suna da damar neman takardar neman shiga ta musamman.[1]

## Shirye-shirye na musamman
Makarantar ita ce wurin da shirin Leaps and Bounds na Ma'aikatar Ilimi yake. 

Daga 2002–2005 makarantar ta shiga cikin wani aikin bikin bambancin ra'ayi. 

## Manazarta