Babban ƙaura na Arctic

**Matsugunin Babban Arctic**  ya faru ne a lokacin Yaƙin Cold a cikin 1950s, lokacin da 92 Inuit, wani lokacin ana kiranta **High Arctic Exiles**,  gwamnatin Kanada ta tura shi ƙarƙashin Firayim Minista Louis St. Laurent zuwa Babban Arctic .  

An yi la'akari da ƙaura da tilastawa gwamnatin Kanada aiwatar da ita don tabbatar da ikonta a cikin Arctic Archipelago (wanda ya kasance ƙarƙashin da'awar yankunan da ake jayayya ) ta hanyar amfani da " **sandunan tuta na ɗan adam** ".  Inuit da aka kora sun sha wahala sosai a cikin shekarun farko bayan tafiyar.

## Tarihi
A watan Agusta 1953, iyalai bakwai ko takwas daga Inukjuak, Nunavik (arewacin Quebec ) (wanda aka sani da Port Harrison) an kai su Grise Fiord a kudancin Ellesmere Island kuma zuwa Resolute a tsibirin Cornwallis .    Ƙungiyar ta haɗa da dangin marubuci Markoosie Patsauq .  Iyalan, waɗanda ke karɓar biyan kuɗi, an yi musu alkawarin kyautata rayuwa da damar farauta a cikin sabbin al'ummomi a cikin Babban Arctic.  An haɗa su da iyalai uku waɗanda aka ɗauka daga mafi yawan al'ummar Arewa na Pond Inlet (a cikin Yankin Arewa maso Yamma a lokacin, yanzu ɓangaren Nunavut ) waɗanda manufarsu ita ce koyar da ƙwarewar Inukjuak Inuit don rayuwa a cikin Babban Arctic.  

An dauki Inuit akan jirgin sintiri na Gabashin Arctic CGS CD Howe zuwa yankuna a tsibirin Cornwallis da Ellesmere (Resolute da Grise Fiord), duka manyan tsibiran bakarare a cikin maƙiyi na iyakacin duniya.  Yayin da iyalan suke cikin jirgin sun fahimci cewa ba za su zauna tare ba amma za a bar su a wurare uku daban-daban. 

Masu ƙaura sun haɗa da Inuit wanda aka nuna a cikin fim ɗin Robert J. Flaherty na *Nanook na Arewa* (1922), wanda aka rubuta kafin ƙaura. 

### Motsi
An yi la'akari da ƙaura da tilastawa matsuguni a matsayin abin da ya motsa shi ta hanyar sha'awar ƙarfafa ikon Kanada a cikin Arctic Archipelago ta hanyar samar da matsuguni a yankin.   A cikin *Ƙaddamarwa zuwa Babban Arctic*, Alan R. Marcus ya ba da shawarar cewa ƙaura na Inuit ba kawai ya zama gwaji ba, amma a matsayin amsa ga "matsalar Eskimo ."  Gwamnatin tarayya ta jaddada cewa "matsalar Eskimo" tana da nasaba da rashin son Inuit na barin hanyoyin su na makiyaya a yankunan da ake zaton sun yi yawa kuma sun yi nisa don ba da cikakkun bayanai game da rashin talauci na lokacin farauta da yunwa a cikin yankin Inukjuak sakamakon kai tsaye sakamakon yawan jama'a. Duk da haka, gwamnatin tarayya ta san yankin da ake magana a kai yana cikin tsaka mai wuya saboda ƙarshen zagaye na fox na shekaru hudu. 

Gwamnatin Kanada ta yi iƙirarin cewa iyalai masu sa kai sun amince su shiga cikin wani shiri na rage wuraren da ake ganin an fi samun yawan jama’a da farauta a Arewacin Quebec, don rage dogaro da walwala, da kuma ci gaba da rayuwa .   

Ƙarni biyu a kan, kalmar *The Relocated* ya kasance mai ban sha'awa. 

## A cikin kafafen yada labarai
Carvers Looty Pijamini (na Grise Fiord ) da marigayi Simeonie Amagoalik (na Resolute ) sun ba da izini ta hanyar Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated don gina wani abin tunawa don tunawa da Inuit wanda ya yi sadaukarwa sosai sakamakon komawar Gwamnati na 1953 da 1955. Pijamini's a cikin abin tunawa, wanda aka gina a cikin wani matashi mai suna Gripicor. husky, tare da matar da ke kallon waje zuwa ga Resolute Bay . Abin tunawa na Amagoalik, wanda ke cikin Resolute, yana nuna wani mutum shi kaɗai yana kallon Grise Fiord. An yi hakan ne don a nuna iyalai da suka rabu, da kuma nuna masu marmarin sake ganin juna. Pijamini ya ce da gan-gan ya sa su zama masu hazaka saboda ƙaura ba abin farin ciki ba ne. An kaddamar da abin tunawa a watan Satumba na 2010, kuma ya sami yabo daga Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Kanada .  

Matsar da Babban Arctic shine batun fim ɗin Zacharias Kunuk na *Exile* . Isuma ne ya shirya fim ɗin,  wanda kuma ya fito da *Atanarjuat: Mai Saurin Runner*, fim ɗin fasalin farko da aka taɓa rubutawa, ba da umarni kuma gabaɗaya a cikin Inuktitut . 

Matsar da Babban Arctic shine batun fim ɗin *Broken Promises - Babban Matsala ta Arctic* ta Patricia Tassinari ( Hukumar Fina-Finan Kanada (NFB), 1995).  Matsar kuma shine batun shirin fim na Marquise Lepage (NFB, 2008), *Martha ta Arewa (Martha qui vient du froid)* . Wannan fim din yana ba da labarin Martha Flaherty, jikanyar Robert J. Flaherty, wanda aka sake komawa a 5, tare da danginta, daga Inukjuak zuwa Grise Fiord (Ellesmere Island).  Daga baya Lepage ya fitar da jerin jerin gidan yanar gizo na 2013 *Iqqaumavara*, yana ba da labarun wasu mutanen da abin ya shafa. 

## Manazarta