Guguwar Geomagnetic

**guguwar geomagnetic**, Rana aka fi sani da **guguwar magnetic**, rikice-rikice ne na wucin gadi na Magnetosphere na Duniya wanda ke motsawa ta hanyar hulɗa tsakanin magnetosphere da manyan Plasma da tsarin filin magnetic wanda ya samo asali a kan ko kusa da Sun.

Tsarin da ke samar da guguwar geomagnetic sun hada da fitar da ma'auni na interplanetary coronal mass (CME) da kuma yankunan hulɗa (CIR). Tsohon sau da yawa ya samo asali ne daga yankuna masu aiki na hasken rana, yayin da ƙarshen ya samo asali a kan iyaka tsakanin raƙuman ruwa masu saurin gudu na iskar hasken rana. Yawan guguwar geomagnetic yana ƙaruwa kuma yana raguwa tare da sake zagayowar sunspot. A lokacin hasken rana, guguwar geomagnetic tana faruwa sau da yawa, tare da mafi yawan da CMEs ke jagoranta.

Lokacin da waɗannan tsarin suka isa Duniya, karuwar matsin iska na rana da farko yana matsa magnetosphere. Filin magnetic na iskar rana yana hulɗa tare da filin magnetic na Duniya kuma yana canja wurin ƙarin makamashi cikin magnetosphere. Dukkanin hulɗar suna haifar da karuwa a cikin motsi na plasma ta hanyar magnetosphere (wanda ke motsawa ta hanyar karuwar filayen lantarki a cikin magnetosphere) da kuma karuwa a halin lantarki a cikin magnétosphere da ionosphere. A lokacin babban bangare na guguwar geomagnetic, wutar lantarki a cikin magnetosphere yana haifar da ƙarfin magnetic wanda ke tura iyakar tsakanin magnetosphere da iskar rana.

Abubuwan da ke faruwa a sararin samaniya da yawa suna da alaƙa da guguwar geomagnetic. Wadannan sun hada da abubuwan da suka faru na hasken rana (SEP) , abubuwan da suka haifar da wutar lantarki (GIC), Guguwar ionospheric da rikice-rikice waɗanda ke haifar da scintillation na rediyo da radar, rushewar kewayawa ta hanyar compass na magnetic da nuni na auroral a ƙananan latitudes na magnetic fiye da na al'ada.

Mafi girman guguwar geomagnetic da aka rubuta, Carrington Event a watan Satumbar 1859, ya saukar da wasu sassan cibiyar sadarwa ta Amurka da aka kirkira kwanan nan, ya fara gobara da kuma masu amfani da telegraph masu ban tsoro. A shekara ta 1989, guguwar geomagnetic ta ba da wutar lantarki ga ƙasa wanda ya rushe rarraba wutar lantarki a ko'ina cikin Quebec  kuma ya haifar da aurorae har zuwa kudu kamar Texas. 

## Ma'anar
A geomagnetic storm is defined by changes in the Dst (disturbance – storm time) index. The Dst index estimates the globally averaged change of the horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic field at the magnetic equator based on measurements from a few magnetometer stations. Dst is computed once per hour and reported in near-real-time. During quiet times, Dst is between +20 and −20 nano-Tesla (nT).&#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup>

Guguwar geomagnetic tana da matakai uku: na farko, babba da dawowa. Mataki na farko yana nunawa ta Dst (ko bangaren minti daya SYM-H) yana ƙaruwa da 20 zuwa 50 nT a cikin minti da yawa. Mataki na farko kuma ana kiransa farkon guguwa kwatsam (SSC). Koyaya, ba duk guguwar geomagnetic ba ne ke da matakin farko kuma ba duk karuwar kwatsam a cikin Dst ko SYM-H ba ne ke biye da guguwargewar geomagnetiki. Babban matakin guguwar geomagnetic an bayyana shi ta hanyar Dst raguwa zuwa ƙasa da -50 nT. Zaɓin -50 nT don bayyana guguwa yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci. Mafi ƙarancin darajar a lokacin guguwa zai kasance tsakanin -50 da kusan -600 nT. Tsawon babban matakin yawanci sa'o'i 2-8. Mataki na dawowa shine lokacin da Dst ya canza daga mafi ƙarancin darajarsa zuwa darajar lokacinsa. Mataki na farfadowa na iya zama ɗan gajeren sa'o'i 8 ko tsawon kwanaki 7.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

Girman guguwar geomagnetic an rarraba shi a matsayin matsakaici (−50 nT > mafi ƙarancin Dst > −100 nT), mai ƙarfi (−100 nT > Mafi ƙarancin dst > −250 nT) ko babban guguwa (ƙananan Dst < −250 nt). &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

== Auna ƙarfin ==
An bayar da rahoton tsananin guguwar geomagnetic a hanyoyi daban-daban, gami da:

* K-index
* Lissafi na A
* G-scale da US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ta yi amfani da shi, wanda ke kimanta guguwar daga G1 zuwa G5 (watau G1, G2, G3, G4, G5 a cikin tsari), inda G1 shine mafi rauni a cikin guguwar (daidai da darajar Kp na 5), kuma G5 shine mafi karfi (daidaici darajar KP na 9). 

== Tarihin ka'idar ==
A cikin 1930, Sydney Chapman da Vincenzo C. A. Ferraro sun rubuta wani labarin, A New Theory of Magnetic Storms, wanda ya nemi bayyana lamarin. Sun yi jayayya cewa duk lokacin da [[Rana]] ta fitar da hasken rana tana fitar da girgije na Plasma, wanda yanzu aka sani da coronal mass ejection. Sun yi iƙirarin cewa wannan plasma yana tafiya a cikin sauri don ya kai Duniya a cikin kwanaki 113, kodayake yanzu mun san wannan tafiya tana ɗaukar kwanaki 1 zuwa 5. Sun rubuta cewa girgije sa'an nan kuma yana matse filin magnetic na Duniya kuma ta haka ne ya kara wannan filin a farfajiyar Duniya. Ayyukan Chapman da Ferraro sun samo asali ne daga, a tsakanin wasu, Kristian Birkeland, wanda ya yi amfani da bututun cathode-ray da aka gano kwanan nan don nuna cewa hasken ya karkatar zuwa ga sanduna wani magnetic sphere. Ya yi la'akari da cewa irin wannan abu ne ke da alhakin [[Aurora|auroras]], yana bayyana dalilin da ya sa suke da yawa a yankunan polar.

== Abubuwan da suka faru ==
 
Binciken kimiyya na farko game da tasirin guguwar geomagnetic ya faru a farkon karni na 19: daga Mayu 1806 har zuwa Yuni 1807, Alexander von Humboldt ya rubuta ɗaukar compass na magnetic a Berlin. A ranar 21 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1806, ya lura cewa compass dinsa ya zama mara kyau a lokacin wani abu mai haske.

A ranar 1-2 ga Satumba, 1859, babbar guguwar geomagnetic da aka rubuta ta faru. Daga ranar 28 ga watan Agusta har zuwa ranar 2 ga watan Satumba, shekara ta 1859, an lura da hasken rana da yawa a Rana, tare da hasken da ya fi girma a ranar 1 ga Satumba. Ana kiran wannan guguwar hasken rana ta 1859 ko Carrington Event . Ana iya ɗauka cewa an kaddamar da babban yaduwar coronal daga Rana kuma ya kai Duniya cikin sa'o'i goma sha takwas - tafiya da ke ɗaukar kwanaki uku zuwa huɗu. An rage filin da ke kwance da 1600 nT kamar yadda aka rubuta ta Colaba Observatory. An kiyasta cewa Dst zai kasance kusan -1760 nT. [[Aurora|Wutar waya]] a Amurka da Turai sun sami karuwar ƙarfin lantarki (emf), a wasu lokuta har ma da isar da girgizar ƙasa ga masu aiki da telegraph da kunna wuta. An ga Aurorae har zuwa kudu kamar [[Hawaii]], Mexico, Cuba da Italiya - abubuwan da ke bayyane ne kawai a yankunan polar. Ice cores ya nuna shaidar cewa abubuwan da suka faru na irin wannan tsananin suna sake dawowa a matsakaicin matsakaicin kusan sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 500.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Tun daga shekara ta 1859, guguwa marasa tsanani sun faru, musamman aurora na Nuwamba 17, 1882 da guguwar geomagnetic ta Mayu 1921, duka tare da rushewar sabis na telegraph da fara gobara, da kuma 1960, lokacin da aka ruwaito rushewar rediyo.

A farkon watan Agusta 1972, jerin flares da guguwar hasken rana sun kai kololuwa tare da flare da aka kiyasta a kusa da X20 wanda ke samar da zirga-zirgar CME mafi sauri da aka taɓa yin rikodin da kuma guguwar geomagnetic da proton mai tsanani wanda ya rushe hanyoyin sadarwa na lantarki da sadarwa na ƙasa, da kuma tauraron dan adam (akalla daya ya zama ba ya aiki ba tare da aiki ba), kuma ya fashe ma'adanai masu yawa na Amurka a Arewacin [[Vietnam]].

Guguwar geomagnetic ta Maris 1989 ta haifar da rushewar wutar lantarki ta Hydro-Québec a cikin seconds yayin da kayan kariya suka yi tuntuɓe a cikin jerin abubuwan da suka faru. Mutane miliyan shida sun bar ba tare da wutar lantarki ba har tsawon sa'o'i tara. Guguwar ta haifar da auroras har zuwa kudu kamar [[Texas]] da [[Florida]]. Guguwar da ta haifar da wannan taron ta kasance sakamakon tarin coronal da aka fitar daga Sun a ranar 9 ga Maris, 1989.  Mafi ƙarancin Dst ya kasance -589 nT.&nbsp;

A ranar 14 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2000, wani fitila na X5 ya fashe (wanda aka sani da Taron Ranar Bastille) kuma an kaddamar da taro kai tsaye a Duniya. Wani babban guguwa na geomagnetic ya faru a ranar 15 zuwa 17 ga Yuli; mafi ƙarancin ƙididdigar Dst ya kasance -301 nT. Duk da ƙarfin guguwar, ba a bayar da rahoton gazawar rarraba wutar lantarki ba. Voyager 1 da Voyager 2 sun lura da taron Ranar Bastille,  don haka shine mafi nisa a cikin Tsarin Hasken rana wanda aka lura da guguwar hasken rana.&nbsp;

Manyan flare goma sha bakwai sun fashe a Rana tsakanin 19 ga Oktoba da 5 ga Nuwamba 2003, gami da watakila mafi tsananin flare da aka taɓa auna akan firikwensin GOES XRS - babban flare na X28,  wanda ya haifar da matsanancin hasken rediyo, a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba. Wadannan flares suna da alaƙa da abubuwan da suka faru na CME waɗanda suka haifar da guguwa uku na geomagnetic tsakanin 29 ga Oktoba da 2 ga Nuwamba, a lokacin da aka fara guguwa ta biyu da ta uku kafin lokacin guguwar da ta gabata ya warke. Mafi ƙarancin ƙimar Dst sun kasance -151, -353 da -383 nT. Wani guguwa a cikin wannan jerin ya faru a ranar 4-5 ga Nuwamba tare da mafi ƙarancin Dst na -69 nT. Guguwar geomagnetic ta ƙarshe ta kasance mai rauni fiye da guguwar da ta gabata, saboda yankin da ke aiki a kan Rana ya juya bayan meridian inda ɓangaren tsakiya na CME ya kirkira yayin taron flare ya wuce zuwa gefen Duniya. Dukan jerin sun zama sanannun Halloween Solar Storm .  Tsarin Ƙara Yankin (WAAS) wanda Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Tarayya (FAA) ke sarrafawa ya kasance a kan layi na kimanin awanni 30 saboda guguwar. Satellite din ADEOS-2 na [[Japan]] ya lalace sosai kuma an katse aikin wasu tauraron dan adam da yawa saboda guguwar.&nbsp;&nbsp;

== Ma'amala da hanyoyin duniya ==

Iska ta hasken rana tana ɗauke da filin magnetic na Sun. Wannan filin zai sami ko dai Arewa ko Kudu. Idan iskar hasken rana tana da fashewar kuzari, yin kwangila da fadada magnetosphere, ko kuma idan iskar haskakawa ta kudu, ana iya sa ran guguwar geomagnetic. Yankin kudu yana haifar da sake haɗuwa da magnetic na magnetopause na yau da kullun, da sauri yana yin amfani da magnetic da makamashi a cikin magnetosphere na Duniya.

A lokacin guguwar geomagnetic, Layer na F na ionosphere ya zama mara daidaituwa, raguwa, har ma ya ɓace. A yankunan arewa da kudancin duniya, ana iya lura da [[Aurora|auroras]].

== Kayan kida ==
Magnetometers suna sa ido kan yankin auroral da yankin equatorial. Ana amfani da nau'ikan [[Radar]] guda biyu, yaduwar da ba ta dace ba, don bincika ionosphere na auroral. Ta hanyar sauko da sigina daga rashin daidaito na ionospheric, wanda ke motsawa tare da layin filin, mutum na iya gano motsi kuma ya ƙaddara convection na magnetospheric.

Kayan aikin sararin samaniya sun hada da:

*

Kwamfutoci sun ba da damar hada shekarun da suka gabata na abubuwan lura da magnetic da kuma cire matsakaicin alamu na wutar lantarki da matsakaicin martani ga bambancin duniya. Har ila yau, suna gudanar da kwaikwayon magnetosphere na duniya da martani, ta hanyar warware daidaitattun [[magnetohydrodynamics]] (MHD) a kan grid na lambobi. Dole ne a kara tsawo masu dacewa don rufe magnetosphere na ciki, inda ake buƙatar la'akari da raguwar magnetic da gudanarwar ionospheric. A yankuna masu iyaka, kai tsaye da ke da alaƙa da iskar hasken rana, ana iya samun nasarar yin amfani da anomalies na ionospheric, har ma a lokacin guguwar geomagnetic. A ƙananan ma'auni (wanda za'a iya kwatanta shi da digiri na latitude / longitude) sakamakon yana da wuyar fassara, kuma ana buƙatar wasu zato game da rashin tabbas mai ƙarfi.

== Tasirin ==
An ba da shawarar cewa guguwar geomagnetic a kan sikelin guguwar hasken rana ta 1859 a yau za ta haifar da biliyoyin daloli ko ma tiriliyoyin daloli na lalacewar tauraron dan adam, wutar lantarki da sadarwa ta rediyo, kuma zai iya haifar da kashe wutar lantarki a kan babban sikelin da ba za a iya gyara shi ba har makonni, watanni, ko ma shekaru. Irin wannan kashe wutar lantarki kwatsam na iya yin barazana ga samar da abinci.

==== Rukunin lantarki ====
Lokacin da filayen maganadisu ke motsawa a kusa da madugu kamar waya, ana haifar da motsi na geomagnetically a cikin madubin.  Wannan yana faruwa akan babban sikeli yayin guguwar geomagnetic (irin wannan tsarin kuma ya rinjayi layukan tarho da telegraph kafin fiber optics, duba sama) akan duk dogon layin watsawa.  Dogayen layukan watsa (kilomita masu yawa a tsayi) don haka suna fuskantar lalacewa ta wannan tasirin.  Musamman ma, wannan ya haɗa da masu aiki a China, Arewacin Amurka, da Ostiraliya, musamman a cikin manyan layukan da ba su da ƙarfi na zamani.  Grid na Turai ya ƙunshi galibin gajerun hanyoyin watsawa, waɗanda ba su da lahani ga lalacewa..

Kusan kai tsaye) raƙuman ruwa da aka haifar a cikin waɗannan layin daga guguwar geomagnetic suna da lahani ga kayan watsa satar lantarki, musamman masu canzawa - suna haifar da tsananin core, ƙuntata ayyukansu (kazalika da yin tuntuɓe na'urorin tsaro daban-daban), da kuma haifar da coils da ƙwayoyin don zafi. A cikin matsanancin yanayi, wannan zafi na iya kashewa ko lalata su, har ma da haifar da amsawar sarkar da za ta iya ɗaukar masu canzawa. Yawancin janareto suna haɗawa da grid ta hanyar masu canzawa, suna ware su daga raƙuman da aka haifar a kan grid, suna sa su da ƙarancin lalacewa saboda halin yanzu da aka haifar da shi. Koyaya, mai canzawa wanda ke ƙarƙashin wannan zai yi aiki azaman nauyin da ba daidai ba ga janareta, yana haifar da jerin abubuwan da ba su da kyau a cikin stator kuma saboda haka dumama rotor.

Wani binciken da kamfanin Metatech ya yi a shekara ta 2008 ya kammala cewa guguwa mai ƙarfin da ya dace da na 1921 zai lalata fiye da masu canzawa 300 kuma ya bar mutane sama da miliyan 130 ba tare da wutar lantarki ba a Amurka, wanda ya kashe dala tiriliyan da yawa. Ana muhawara game da girman rushewar, tare da wasu shaidu na majalisa da ke nuna yiwuwar katsewa ba tare da iyaka ba har sai za a iya maye gurbin ko gyara masu canzawa. Wadannan tsinkaye sun saba wa rahoton Kamfanin Amincewa da Lantarki na Arewacin Amurka wanda ya kammala cewa guguwar geomagnetic za ta haifar da rashin daidaituwa na wucin gadi amma babu lalacewar masu canza wutar lantarki. Rahoton ya nuna cewa rushewar grid na Quebec da aka ambata a ko'ina ba ta haifar da masu canzawa ba amma ta hanyar kusan lokaci guda na ragowar sauye-sauye bakwai. A cikin 2016, Hukumar Kula da Makamashi ta Tarayya Amurka ta karɓi ƙa'idodin NEARC don gwajin kayan aiki don kayan aikin lantarki. Ana buƙatar aiwatar da duk wani haɓakawa da ake buƙata don karewa daga tasirin guguwar geomagnetic a cikin shekaru huɗu, kuma ƙa'idodin sun ba da umarnin ƙarin bincike.

Baya ga masu canzawa da ke cikin haɗari ga tasirin guguwar geomagnetic, kamfanonin wutar lantarki na iya shafar su ta hanyar guguwargewar geomagnet. Misali, masu ba da sabis na Intanet na iya sauka a lokacin guguwar geomagnetic (kuma / ko kasancewa ba sa aiki da daɗewa). Kamfanonin wutar lantarki na iya samun kayan aikin da ke buƙatar haɗin Intanet don aiki, don haka a lokacin da mai ba da sabis na Intanet ya sauka, wutar lantarki ma bazai rarraba ba.

Ta hanyar karɓar faɗakarwar guguwar geomagnetic da gargadi (misali ta Cibiyar Tsinkaya ta Yanayi; ta hanyar tauraron dan adam na Yanayi kamar SOHO ko ACE), kamfanonin wutar lantarki na iya rage lalacewar kayan watsa wutar lantarki, ta hanyar cire masu canzawa na ɗan lokaci ko ta hanyar haifar da kashe wutar lantarki na ɗan lokaci. Matakan rigakafi ma sun wanzu, gami da hana shigowar GICs cikin grid ta hanyar haɗin tsaka-tsaki zuwa ƙasa.

==== Sadarwa ====
Tsarukan sadarwar mitar mitoci (3-30 MHz) suna amfani da ionosphere don nuna siginar rediyo a nesa mai nisa.  Guguwar Ionospheric na iya shafar sadarwa ta rediyo a duk latitudes.  Wasu mitoci suna ɗauka wasu kuma suna nunawa, wanda ke haifar da saurin jujjuyawar sigina da hanyoyin yaɗawa marasa tsammanin.  Talabijin da tashoshin rediyo na kasuwanci ba su da tasiri sosai daga ayyukan hasken rana, amma ƙasa-da-iska, jirgin ruwa zuwa gaɓa, watsa shirye-shiryen gajeriyar igiyar ruwa da rediyo mai son (mafi yawancin makada da ke ƙasa da 30 MHz) galibi ana rushe su.  Ma'aikatan rediyo masu amfani da makada na HF sun dogara da hasken rana da faɗakarwar geomagnetic don kiyaye hanyoyin sadarwar su suna aiki

Ganewar soja ko tsarin faɗakarwa na farko da ke aiki a cikin kewayon mitoci masu yawa kuma ayyukan hasken rana yana shafar su.  Radar sama-sama yana yin sigina daga ionosphere don sa ido kan harba jiragen sama da makamai masu linzami daga nesa mai nisa.  A lokacin guguwar geomagnetic, wannan tsarin na iya samun cikas sosai ta hanyar damun rediyo.  Hakanan wasu na'urori masu gano jirgin ruwa suna amfani da sa hannu na maganadisu na jiragen ruwa a matsayin shigarwa ɗaya ga tsarin gano su.  Guguwar Geomagnetic na iya rufewa da karkatar da waɗannan sigina.

The Federal Aviation Administration routinely receives alerts of solar radio bursts so that they can recognize communication problems and avoid unnecessary maintenance. When an aircraft and a ground station are aligned with the Sun, high levels of noise can occur on air-control radio frequencies.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;**'&#x5D; This can also happen on UHF and SHF satellite communications, when an Earth station, a satellite and the Sun are in alignment. In order to prevent unnecessary maintenance on satellite communications systems aboard aircraft AirSatOne provides a live feed for geophysical events from NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center. allows users to view observed and predicted space storms. Geophysical Alerts are important to flight crews and maintenance personnel to determine if any upcoming activity or history has or will have an effect on satellite communications, GPS navigation and HF Communications.

Layukan telegraph a da guguwar geomagnetic ta shafa.  Tashoshin telegraph sun yi amfani da waya mai tsayi guda ɗaya don layin bayanan, yana shimfiɗa tsawon mil da yawa, ta yin amfani da ƙasa azaman waya mai dawowa da ciyar da wutar DC daga baturi;  wannan ya sa su (tare da layukan wutar lantarki da aka ambata a ƙasa) sun kasance masu saurin kamuwa da sauyin yanayi da yanayin zobe ya haifar.  Wutar lantarki/na halin yanzu da guguwar geomagnetic ta haifar zai iya rage siginar, lokacin da aka cire shi daga polarity na baturi, ko zuwa ga sigina masu ƙarfi da ƙima idan aka ƙara su;  wasu masu aiki sun koyi cire haɗin baturin kuma sun dogara da abin da aka haifar a matsayin tushen wutar lantarki.  A cikin matsanancin yanayi, ƙarfin da aka jawo yana da girma da yawa a gefen karɓar wuta ya fashe, ko kuma masu aiki sun sami girgizar wutar lantarki.  Guguwar Geomagnetic tana kuma shafar layukan tarho masu tsayi, gami da igiyoyin karkashin teku sai dai in fiber optic ne.

Lalacewar tauraron dan adam na sadarwa na iya rushe tarho, talabijin, rediyo da hanyoyin Intanet. Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa ta ruwaito a cikin 2008 game da yiwuwar abubuwan da suka faru na yaduwar rushewa a cikin 2012-2013 mafi girman hasken rana. Babban guguwar rana na iya haifar da babbar matsalar Intanet ta duniya. Wani binciken ya bayyana matakan ragewa da banbanci - kamar Cibiyoyin sadarwa mai amfani, aikace-aikacen tsara-da-tsara da ke da alaƙa da sabbin ladabi - kuma yana nazarin ƙarfin kayan aikin Intanet na yanzu.

#### Tsarin kewayawa
Tsarin tauraron dan adam kewayawa na duniya (GNSS), da sauran tsarin kewayawa kamar LORAN da OMEGA da ba a gama ba yanzu suna da mummunar tasiri lokacin da ayyukan hasken rana ya rushe siginar su.  Tsarin OMEGA ya ƙunshi masu watsawa guda takwas waɗanda ke cikin duniya.  Jiragen sama da jiragen ruwa sun yi amfani da sigina masu ƙarancin mitar mitoci daga waɗannan masu watsawa don tantance matsayinsu.  A lokacin abubuwan da suka faru na hasken rana da guguwar geomagnetic, tsarin ya ba wa masu tafiyar da bayanai waɗanda basu da inganci har mil da yawa.  Idan an faɗakar da masu zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa cewa wani lamari na proton ko guguwar geomagnetic yana ci gaba, da sun canza zuwa tsarin ajiya.

Ana shafar siginar GNSS lokacin da aikin hasken rana ke haifar da bambance-bambance na kwatsam a cikin yawan ionosphere, yana haifar da siginar tauraron dan adam don haskakawa (kamar tauraron mai haske). Ana nazarin scintillation na siginar tauraron dan adam a lokacin rikice-rikicen ionospheric a HAARP yayin gwaje-gwajen gyaran ionospherical. An kuma yi nazarin shi a Cibiyar Rediyo ta Jicamarca .

Wata fasaha da ake amfani da ita don ƙyale masu karɓar GNSS su ci gaba da aiki a gaban wasu sigina masu ruɗani ita ce Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM), wanda GPS ke amfani dashi.  Koyaya, RAIM an ƙaddara akan tsammanin cewa yawancin taurarin GPS suna aiki da kyau, don haka ba shi da amfani sosai lokacin da tasirin duniya gabaɗaya ya ruɗe kamar guguwar geomagnetic.  Ko da RAIM ya gano asarar mutunci a waɗannan lokuta, ƙila ba zai iya samar da sigina mai amfani, abin dogaro ba.

#### Satellites
Guguwar Geomagnetic da ƙarar hasken ultraviolet hayaki mai zafi yanayin saman duniya, yana haifar da faɗaɗawa.  Iska mai zafi yana tashi, kuma yawan da ke kewayen tauraron dan adam ya kai kusan kilomita 1,000 (600 mi) yana ƙaruwa sosai.  Wannan yana haifar da ƙarar ja, yana haifar da tauraron dan adam don jinkiri kuma ya canza kewayawa kaɗan.  Tauraron dan adam maras nauyi wanda ba a maimaita haɓakawa zuwa mafi girma na kewayawa a hankali suna faɗuwa kuma a ƙarshe suna ƙonewa.  Rushewar Skylab a 1979 misali ne na jirgin da ke sake shiga sararin duniya da wuri sakamakon ayyukan hasken rana sama da da ake tsammani.  A lokacin babbar guguwar geomagnetic ta Maris 1989, an cire hudu daga cikin tauraron dan adam na jiragen ruwa na Navy na Amurka har zuwa mako guda, Hukumar Kula da Sararin Samaniya ta Amurka ta sanya sabbin abubuwan da suka shafi sama da 1000 abubuwan da abin ya shafa, kuma tauraron dan Adam Maximum na Ofishin Jakadancin ya fadi daga kewayawa a watan Disamba a wannan shekarar.

Rashin lafiyar tauraron dan adam ya dogara da matsayinsu. Kudancin Atlantic Anomaly wuri ne mai haɗari ga tauraron dan adam don wucewa, saboda filin geomagnetic mai rauni a ƙasa mai ƙarancin duniya.

#### Jirgin ruwa
Filin geomagnetic da ke saurin canzawa na iya samar da raƙuman ruwa a cikin bututun mai. Wannan na iya haifar da matsaloli da yawa ga injiniyoyin bututun mai. Mita na kwararar bututun mai na iya watsa bayanan kwararar kuskure kuma za'a iya ƙara yawan lalatawar bututun mai sosai.

### Hadarin radiation ga mutane
Yanayin duniya da magnetosphere suna ba da isasshen kariya a matakin ƙasa, amma 'yan sama jannati suna fuskantar yuwuwar guba ta radiation.  Shigar da barbashi masu ƙarfi cikin sel masu rai na iya haifar da lalacewar chromosome, ciwon daji da sauran matsalolin lafiya.  Manyan allurai na iya zama m nan da nan.  Protons na hasken rana tare da kuzari sama da 30 MeV suna da haɗari musamman.&nbsp;

Abubuwan da suka faru na proton na rana na iya samar da radiation mai girma a cikin jirgin sama da ke tashi a tsawo. Kodayake waɗannan haɗarin ƙananan ne, ana iya fallasa Ma'aikatan jirgin sama akai-akai, kuma saka idanu kan abubuwan da suka faru na hasken rana ta hanyar hasken tauraron dan adam yana ba da damar saka idanu da kimantawa, kuma a ƙarshe hanyoyin jirgin sama da tsawo don daidaita su don rage yawan abin da aka sha.

Inganta matakin ƙasa, wanda aka fi sani da abubuwan da suka faru a matakin ƙasa ko GLEs, suna faruwa lokacin da wani taron hasken rana ya ƙunshi barbashi tare da isasshen makamashi don samun tasiri a matakin ƙasa, galibi ana gano su azaman karuwa a yawan Neutron da aka auna a matakin ƙasa. Wadannan abubuwan da suka faru an nuna suna da tasiri a kan radiation, amma ba su kara haɗarin ciwon daji sosai ba.

### Dabbobi
Akwai babban amma mai rikitarwa na wallafe-wallafen kimiyya game da alaƙa tsakanin guguwar geomagnetic da lafiyar ɗan adam. Wannan ya fara ne da takardun Rasha, kuma masana kimiyya na Yammacin Turai sun yi nazarin batun. Ka'idoji game da dalilin sun haɗa da shigar cryptochrome, melatonin, pineal gland, da circadian rhythm.

Wasu masana kimiyya sun ba da shawarar cewa guguwar rana tana haifar da whales zuwa bakin teku da kansu. Wasu sun yi hasashen cewa dabbobi masu ƙaura waɗanda ke amfani da Magnetoreception don kewayawa, kamar tsuntsaye da ƙudan zuma, na iya shafar su.