Pauline Mele

Mataimakin **Paul Paul M. Mele** (an haife ta ranar 25 ga watan Janairu, 1963) a Traralgon, Victoria. A yanzu haka tana ma'aikatar bunkasa tattalin arziki, ayyuka, sufuri da albarkatu, Victoria. Mele ne Australian da ake dasu ecologist kwarewa a aikin gona da kasa na hatsi samar yankuna. Bukatunta suna cikin habaka kyakkyawar fahimtar al'ummomin kananan kwayoyin cuta wadanda ke tallafawa tsarin tsire-tsire da tsarin samar da dabbobi kuma mafi mahimmanci, yadda manajojin kasa za su iya adanawa da habaka wadannan ayyukan ta amfani da dabarun gudanarwa daban-daban.

## Farkon aiki
A shekara ta 2006, Mele ita ce mace ta farko da aka baiwa lambar yabo ta Babban Jami'in Bincike ta Land da Ruwa a kasar Australiya kuma ta gudanar da bita a kan nazarin ilimin halittu na kasa don samar da sabon yarjejeniya don binciko dukiyar kasar Australiya ta 'boye', kasar biota. A yin haka sai ta ba da shawara:

* Zabubbuka don ingantaccen tsarin don saka hannun jari a cikin ilimin kirar kasa.
* Tsarin aiki wanda ke hada ilimin ilimin kirar kasa a cikin ilimi da aikace-aikacen sa ido wadanda ke da tasirin yankin kasar Australiya.
* Emparfafawa al'umma wacce zata iya yanke shawara mai kyau game da kula da albarkatun kasa.
* Tsarin aiki wanda ke hada ilimin kimiyyar kasa cikin yanke shawara game da manufofin kasa mai dorewa da aiyukan halittu.

A wannan shekarar, Mele ta sami nasarar cin gagarumar saka hannun jari ta Victoria don hada hannu da Cibiyar J. Craig Venter don nazarin kananan kwayoyin cuta a cikin kasa mai mahimmancin noma da kuma tsarin narkewar abinci. Wannan shine karo na farko a Kasar Ostiraliya da aka tsara DNA na al'ummomin da ke cikin kananan kwayoyin cuta don bayyana kwayoyin microbes da ba a taba gani ba. Mele a halin yanzu bunkasa a National Kasar gona Biology Initiative for da Australian Hatsi Research and Development Corporation da kuma wani bangare ne na wata tawagar cewa an Taswirar kasar gona rabe-raben fadin wani bambancin kewayon Australian kasa biomes .

## Bincike
Binciken Mele ya fi mayar da hankali kan kananan kwayoyin cuta wadanda aka samo tare da tsire-tsire. Abinda ta fi mayar da hankali ga ayyukanta galibi a cikin ƙasa daban-daban da ke karkashin amfanin gona da makiyaya ko kuma a cikin yankin nan da nan kewaye da tushen shukar ( rhizosphere ). Abinda take sha'awa shine fahimtar yadda tsarin kwayoyin halittar da ake samu a wadannan matsugunai ke aiki don inganta aikin tsirrai ko dai ta hanyar inganta hanyoyin samun abinci mai gina jiki (galibi Nitrogen ) ko kuma ta hanyar kare su daga cututtukan da ke haifar da ƙasa. Hadadden wadannan microhabitats ya bada garantin amfani da fasahohi masu karfi kuma zuwan hanyoyin DNA ya kawo sauyi a kan karatu irin wadannan, ta yadda kungiyar Mele ta dogara ne kacokam kan fitar da kwayoyin halittar microbes don samar da alamun yadda Gudanar da aikin gona yana tasiri kan aikin kananan kwayoyin cuta da kuma yadda masu mallakar kasa za su iya yin amfani da yanayin kasa don karfafa al'ummomin kananan kwayoyin cuta. Ana iya ganin Mele da kungiyarta suna tafiya zuwa yankunan shukokin kudu a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje na hannu wanda ke ba da damar sarrafa samfuran yanar gizo, muhimmiyar bukata don daukar kwayoyin kwayoyin cuta masu ban sha'awa kamar yadda suke a filin. Mele da abokan aikin ta a yanzu fadada su nazarin Australia- fadi a wani farko kokari rarraba da map da bambancin da kasa da ake dasu al'ummomi samu a zamanin da da kuma sosai weathered kasa, yin amfani da DNA jerawa halarci. Mele ta yi imanin cewa, ba a fahimci mahimmancin kimiyyar halittar ƙasa a cikin tsarin noman zamani ba amma yana ba da babbar dama ta shawo kan ƙuntatawar samarwa. Ta kuma yi imanin cewa hadadden hadin gwiwar hadin gwiwar yin amfani da kwarewar masarufi da ilimin da ya gabata ita ce kawai hanyar da za a cimma nasarar wadatar amfanin gona da ake buƙata.

## Manazarta