Yanayin Shanghai

Yanayin Shanghai yana kusa da wurin  Kogin Yangtze Delta a gabar gabashin kasar Sin da kusanci da Tekun Pacific ta hanyar Tekun Gabashin China. Birnin yana tsakiyar Kogin Huangpu, wani yanki na Kogin Yangtze, kuma ya shimfiɗa zuwa waje a kowane bangare, tare da unguwanni da garuruwan tauraron dan adam da ke kaiwa gabas zuwa Tekun Gabashin China, arewa da yamma zuwa lardin Jiangsu, da kudu zuwa lardin Zhejiang a kan Hangzhou Bay.

Mafi yawan yankin ƙasar Shanghai yana da faɗi, ban da wasu tuddai a kusurwar kudu maso yamma, saboda wurin da yake a filin ruwa na kogin Yangtze. Birnin yana da koguna da tabkuna da yawa kuma an san shi da albarkatun ruwa masu yawa, kuma godiya ga bakin teku, wurin da ke gefen kogi da yanayin zafi wanda ke tabbatar da ruwa mara kankara, yana ba da sauƙin shiga cikin kasar Sin, wanda ya haifar da Shanghai ta zama tashar jiragen ruwa mafi girma a duniya.

### Wurin da yake
Shanghai tana tsakiyar gabar gabashin kasar Sin, kusa da bakin Kogin Yangtze, kasancewar tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan biranen yankin Yangtze River Delta kuma ɗaya daga cikin biranen bakin teku a kasar Sin. Yana da iyaka da Kogin Yangtze zuwa arewa, Tekun Gabashin China zuwa gabas, Hangzhou Bay zuwa kudu, da lardunan Jiangsu da Zhejiang zuwa yamma. Birnin yana da kusan daidai da Beijing da Hong Kong, kuma yana cikin 31°12′N 121°30′E / 31.200°N 121.500°E / 31.-200; 121.500, kusan daidai da latitude kamar San Diego, New Orleans, Bermuda, Marrakech, Alkahira, Urushalima, da Lahore. Biranen da ke cikin kasar Sin da ke kan kusan wannan tsawon sun hada da Fuxin, Jinzhou, Dalian, Yantai, Ningbo, da Taizhou (Zhejiang). Garin yana kusa da arewacin Taipei da Manila.

* Latitude: 30° 42' zuwa 31° 52' N
* Longitude: 120 ° 52' zuwa 121 ° 58' E

### Yankin

* **Direct-administered municipality**:
** *Total:* 
** *Land:* 
** *Water:* 

; Yankin kwatankwacin
:* Kwatanta Australia: kusan ⁠1/11⁠ girman Tasmania 
:* Kwatanta Kanada: kusan 1 / 10⁠ ya fi girma fiye da Tsibirin Prince Edward 
:* Kwatanta Amurka: dan kadan karami fiye da Delaware
:* Kwatanta EU: kusan 2 ⁠1/2⁠ sau girman Luxembourg ko dan kadan fiye da 1/5⁠ girman Belgium  

### Hanyoyin ruwa
Shanghai ta ƙunshi  (33.0  na koguna da rafi kuma tana cikin yankin Tafkin Tai. Suzhou Creek yana da tsawon kilomita  (78  kuma yana da matsakaicin faɗin mita 70 zuwa , yayin da Kogin Huangpu yana da tsawon  (50 mi) kuma kusan mita 400 ne.

Ci gaban Shanghai na tashar Jiragen ruwa mai zurfi na Yangshan a Zhejiang ya zama dole ta hanyar karuwar girman jiragen ruwa amma kuma da yaduwar Yangtze, wanda ya ragu zuwa ƙasa da mita 20 (66  har zuwa kilomita 45 (70  daga Hengsha.

### Tsibirin
 
Gundumar birnin Shanghai tana kula da tsibiran da ke kewayen yankinta, ciki har da mafi yawan tsibirin Chongming (kilomita murabba'in 1,267 (sq mi)), tsibiri na biyu mafi girma na babban yankin Sin.  Chongming, Changxing (kilomita murabba'in 88.54 (34.19 sq ), da Hengsha (kilomita murabba'in 55.74 (21.52 sq mi)) sun ƙunshi tsibiran Shanghai da ke zama na dindindin, yayin da tsibiran 19 da ba kowa a cikin birnin sun rufe murabba'in murabba'in 226.27, da fadin murabba'in kilomita 87.3.  na kilomita 309 (192 mi).

Galibin tsibiran na Shanghai ƙananan tsibiran da ba a taɓa gani ba ne (Samfuri:Linktext) da aka yi ta hanyar ɗimbin ɗimbin ɗimbin ɗimbin tsibiran da kogin Yangtze ya yi.  An kafa manyan tsibiran (Samfuri:Linktext) na Chongming, Changxing, da Hengsha a gundumar Chongming ta wannan hanya, haka kuma shoals na Jiuduansha (kilomita murabba'in 114.6 (44.2 sq mi)) daga Pudong.  An haɓaka faɗaɗa yanayin waɗannan tsibiran ta hanyar ayyukan sake ginawa, tare da Chongming fiye da ninki biyu cikin girman tsakanin 1950 da 2010.[1]  Ba kamar tsibiran gundumar Chongming ba, an fadada Jiuduansha kuma an kiyaye shi a matsayin wurin da ba kowa a cikinsa don daidaita wuraren dausayin da aka lalata ta hanyar ƙirƙirar filin jirgin sama na Pudong.  Yana da muhimmin wuri na haifuwa ga al'ummar kaguwa mai gashi na Shanghai,] da kuma sauran nau'in ruwa da na ruwa.  Wasu tsibiran da ke cikin Hangzhou Bay daura da gundumar Jinshan tsibirai ne masu duwatsu (kuma Samfuri:Linktext).  Dajinshan, Xiaojinshan, da Fushan sune wuraren ajiyar yanayi na birni.[8]  Kololuwar Dajinshan ita ce wuri mafi girma a cikin gundumar Shanghai, mai tsayin mita 103.4 (339 ft).

Shanghai ba ta gudanar da tsibirin Greater da Lesser Yangshan, shafin tashar jiragen ruwa ta Yangshan Deep-Water Port na Shanghai. Maimakon haka, na Lardin Zhejiang ne, duk da cewa an haɗa shi ta hanyar Donghai Bridge zuwa Pudong. Hakazalika, shawo kan Chongming na Jiangsu's Yonglongsha shoal ya samar da wani tsawo amma kunkuntar yanki na wannan lardin a bakin tekun arewa.

## Yanayi

Shanghai tana da yanayi mai zafi (Köppen climate classification *Cfa*) kuma tana fuskantar yanayi daban-daban guda huɗu. A cikin hunturu, iska mai sanyi na arewa daga Siberia na iya haifar da yanayin zafi na dare ya sauka ƙasa da daskarewa, kuma kodayake ba a haɗa shi da dusar ƙanƙara ba, birnin na iya karɓar kwana ɗaya ko biyu na dusar ƙara a kowace shekara. Sabanin haka, kuma duk da kasancewa mafi girman lokacin yawon bude ido, lokacin rani a Shanghai yana da zafi sosai kuma yana da danshi, tare da ruwan sama na lokaci-lokaci ko tsawa mai ban tsoro. Har ila yau, birnin yana iya fuskantar guguwa, babu wani daga cikinsu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan da ya haifar da mummunar lalacewa. Lokacin da ya fi dacewa shine bazara, kodayake yana canzawa, da kaka, wanda yawanci yana da rana kuma ya bushe.

**Kididdigar yanayi na 2013:**

* Matsakaicin zafin shekara-shekara:    
* Mafi girman zafin iska da aka rubuta:  ° C (103.8 ° F) 
* Mafi ƙarancin zafin iska da aka rubuta: -4.2   
* Sa'o'i na shekara-shekara na hasken rana: 1,885.9
* Rashin ruwa:   in) 
* Ruwan sama:   in) 
* Kwanakin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara: 111
* Lokacin sanyi: kwanaki 259

## Yanayin birni
Babban birnin Shanghai yana da yankin kogin Huangpu: Puxi, a gefen yamma, cibiyar tarihi ce ta birnin, kuma ta hada da gundumomin Yangpu, Hongkou, Putuo, Changning, Xuhui, Jing'an, da Huangpu.  Pudong yana gefen gabas kuma shine wurin da ake samun ci gaba cikin sauri na Shanghai, gami da sabon shaharar sararin samaniyarta da yankin kudi na Lujiazui.

Gundumomin waje, ko unguwanni, suna kewaye da birnin da ya dace, kuma sune Baoshan, Minhang, Jiading, Jinshan, Songjiang, Qingpu, Fengxian, da yankunan karkara na gabashin da kudancin Pudong.

Chongming ita ce kawai gundumar Shanghai a yanzu kuma tana arewacin yankin Shanghai a kan tsibirai uku da aka zauna a cikin kogin Yangtze: Chongming, Changxing, da Hengsha . Gundumar tarihi sun hada da Nanhui da Chuansha .

Sanin jama'a game da muhalli yana ƙaruwa, kuma birni yana saka hannun jari a cikin ayyukan kare muhalli da yawa. Ana sa ran kammala tsaftace Suzhou Creek na shekaru 10, wanda ke gudana ta tsakiyar gari,  kuma gwamnati tana ba da ƙarfafawa ga kamfanonin sufuri don saka hannun jari a cikin bas din taksi na LPG. Rashin gurɓata iska a Shanghai yana da ƙarancin idan aka kwatanta da sauran biranen kasar Sin kamar Beijing, amma saurin ci gaba a cikin shekarun da suka gabata yana nufin har yanzu yana da girma a kan ka'idojin duniya, kwatankwacin Los Angeles.

## Taswira da hotunan tauraron dan adam

Fayil:Schanghai MKL Bd. 14 1890 (128627524).jpg|German map of Shanghai in 1890
Fayil:Shanghai_1933.jpg|US Army 1933 map
Fayil:Shanghai_121.48207E_31.23701N.jpg|False-color satellite image
Fayil:Txu-oclc-10552568-nh51-2.jpg|SHANG-HAI, EAST (1952)
Fayil:Map_of_Shanghai,_1950s.jpg|SHANG-HAI (SHANGHAI) AND VICINITY
Fayil:Urban-Rural_Population_and_Land_Area_Estimates,_v2,_2010_Shanghai,_China_(13874137394).jpg|Population density and elevation above sea level