Ibtihaj Muhammad

**Ibtihaj Muhammad** (an Haife ta aranar 4 ga watan Disamba a shekarar  1985) yar shingen shinge ce ta Amurka kuma memba ce a cikin tawagar wasan wasan Amurka. An san ta da kasancewa Musulma Ba’amurke ta farko da ta fara saka gyale a lokacin da take fafatawa a gasar Olympics ta Amurka,  da kuma samun lambar yabo ta Olympics (tagulla) da ta sa.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Ibtihaj Muhammad kuma an girma a Maplewood, New Jersey, wani yanki mai nisan mil 25 (40)&nbsp;km) daga Manhattan, kuma asalinsa ne na Ba'amurke .   An haifi iyayenta a Amurka, kuma sun musulunta .   Mahaifinta, Eugene Muhammad, tsohon jami'in 'yan sanda ne na Newark, New Jersey, kuma mahaifiyarta, Denise, malama ce ta makarantar firamare ta musamman.    Ita ce ta uku ga ‘yan’uwa biyar. 

Kamar yadda addinin Musulunci ya tanada, iyayen Ibtihaj sun nema mata wani wasa da za ta shiga inda za ta iya kula da *hijabi* . 

Ibtihaj ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Columbia, makarantar sakandaren jama'a a Maplewood, ta kammala karatunsa a 2003.    Ta halarci Jami'ar Duke kuma ta kammala karatun digiri a cikin 2007 tare da digiri na farko a cikin dangantakar kasa da kasa da karatun Afirka da Afirka. 

A cewar jaridar The Telegraph, Ibtihaj Muhammad ta fara  sanya hijabi tun tana karama. A lokacin da ta girma da kuma gwagwalada neman sana'ar katanga, ta yi tunanin rike hijabin nata zai sa mata da 'yan mata a duniya za su karya  iyakoki su bi sha'awarsu ko da sanye da hijabi . 

## Aikin shinge
A Makarantar Sakandare ta Columbia, ta shiga ƙungiyar wasan wasan dai ƙwallon ƙafa tana ɗan shekara 13.   Tsohon kocinta Frank Mustilli ya sauya makamanta, daga épée zuwa sabre.  

A ƙarshen shekarar 2002, Ibtihaj ya shiga babbar gidauniyar Peter Westbrook, shirin da ke amfani da was shinge a matsayin abin hawa don haɓaka ƙwarewar rayuwa a cikin matasa daga al'ummomin da ba su da aiki. An gwagwlada gayyace ta don horarwa a ƙarƙashin Shirin Elite Athlete na Westbrook Foundation a Birnin New York . 

Ibtihaj Muhammad ta halarci Jami'ar Duke a kan tallafin gwagwala karatu. Ta kasance 'yar Amurka sau 3 kuma ta lashe gasar Olympics ta Junior ta shekarar 2005. Ibtihaj ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar gwagwalada Duke a shekara ta 2007 tare da Babban Harkokin Kasashen Duniya da Nazarin Afirka ta Amirka.  

Ibtihaj ta kasance memba a Kungiyar Kare Kade ta Amurka tun shekarar  2010. Ta, a cikin 2017, tana matsayi na 2 a Amurka da na 7 a duniya. Ita ce wacce ta lashe lambar yabo ta Babban Duniya sau 5, gami da Zakaran  Duniya na 2014 a cikin taron kungiyar. 

### Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2016
Cécilia Berder 'yar kasa Faransa ce ta doke Ibtihaj a zagaye na biyu a gasar Individual Saber ta mata a gasar  Olympics ta Rio de Janeiroah shekarar  2016 amma duk da haka ta bar Rio da lambar tagulla.    Duk da asarar da ta yi, ta ja hankalin kafofin watsa  labarai masu mahimmanci. 

An fi saninta da kasancewa mace ta farko da ta fara saka *hijabi* a lokacin da take fafatawa a gasar Olympics ta Amurka. 

Ibtihaj ta zama mace ta farko ta Musulmi-Amurka da ta sami lambar yabo a gasar Olympics.  Ta sami lambar tagulla a cikin Team Sabre, ta hanyar kayar da Italiya 45-30 a wasan lambar yabo. Wannan ya zo ne bayan da aka doke Poland 45-43, kuma ya sha kashi a hannun Rasha 42-45.

### A matsayin alama ce ta bambancin Amurka da haƙuri

Wasannin Olympics na bazara na shekarar 2016 sun faru ne a lokacin yakin neman zaben shugaban Amurka inda ake tattauna tambayoyin sulhu na musulmi, gami da game da Musulmai da aka haifa a Amurka.  Ibtihaj a bayyane yake Musulmi (saboda hijab) ya zama "ɗaya daga cikin alamomi mafi kyau game d haƙuri da Amurka za ta taɓa samu", a cewar *[[The Guardian]]* .  Koyaya, Ibtihaj ta jawo wasu zargi a  lokacin wasannin Olympics ta hanyar kwatanta Amurka a matsayin wuri mai haɗari ga Musulmai, tana mai cewa ba ta jin lafiya ba a matsayin Musulmi da ke zaune a Amurka.

## Sauran ayyukan
Yayinda take yarinya, ta lura cewa duk 'yan tsana ba su da kama da ita yayin da ta fara sa hijabi tun tana ƙarama. Daga nan ne aka yi wahayi zuwa gare ta don yanke zane da yadudduka don yin ƙananan hijabs kuma ta lulluɓe su a kusa da 'yan tsana.

A cikin shekarar ta 2014, Ibtihaj da 'yan uwanta sun ƙaddamar da kamfaninsu na tufafi,  Louella, wanda ke da niyyar kawo tufafi masu kyau zuwa kasuwar Amurka. Har ila yau, jakadan wasanni ne, tana aiki a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta Karfafa gwagwalada Mata da 'Yan Mata ta hanyar Shirin Wasanni . Ta yi tafiya zuwa kasashe daban-daban don shiga gwagwalada tattaunawa game da muhimmancin wasanni da ilimi.

A cikin shekarar 2017, a matsayin wani ɓangare na kamfen ɗin Ranar Matel ta Duniya, Mattel ta gabatar da layin  samfurin mata Barbies, gami da ɗaya a cikin Hijab; da kuma ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na farko na Barbie, wanda aka tsara bayan Ibtihaj .  Ta hanyar kirkirar hijabi Barbie, ya karfafa imanin ta cewa ya kamata 'yan mata da yara maza su ga kansu ta hanyar waɗannan kayan wasa yayin da suke darajar hada kai da bambancin.

### Bayanan littattafai
Ta kuma rubuta wasansa littattafai uku game da rayuwarta da ke girma a New Jersey da kwarewarta ta Olympics: 

* Muhammad, Ibtihaj.  (2018) Proud: Yaki na don Mafarki na Amurka. New York: Littattafan Hachette.  
* Muhammad, Ibtihaj.  (2018) (Young Readers Edition) Girma: Rayuwa da Mafarki na Amurka.[1] New York: Little, Brown da Kamfanin.   ISBN&nbsp;
* Muhammad, Ibtihaj.  (2018) *The Proudest Blue: Labarin Hijab da Iyali*.[1] New York: Little, Brown da Kamfanin.   ISBN&nbsp;

## Dubi kuma

* Mata Musulmi a wasanni
* Jerin USFA Division I National Champions

## Bayanan da aka ambata
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## Haɗin waje

* Ibtihaj Muhammada cikinƘungiyar Fencing ta Duniya
* Ibtihaj Muhammad a Amurka Fencinga cikinWayback Machine  (an adana shi a ranar 6 ga Disamba, 2016) 
* Ibtihaj MuhammadaOlympics.com
* Ibtihaj MuhammadaWasannin Olympics a Sports-Reference.com (an adana shi)