Jeannie Rousseau

**Jeannie Yvonne Ghislaine Rousseau**, mai suna **Jeannie de Clarens**, (1 ga Afrilu 1919 - 23 ga Agusta 2017) ta kasance wakilin leken asiri na Allied a Faransa da aka mamaye a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, memba na cibiyar sadarwa ta "Druids" karkashin jagorancin  .&nbsp;

An kira ta Amniarix, ta guje wa jami'an Gestapo yayin da take tattara muhimman bayanai game da shirye-shiryen makamai masu linzami na Jamus daga bayan layin abokan gaba. Rahotanni na leken asiri, wanda aka tura zuwa London, ya kai tsaye ga hari na Burtaniya a kan Peenemünde da kuma jinkiri da rushewa a cikin shirye-shiryen V-1 da V-2, wanda ya ceci dubban rayuka a Yamma. An kama Rousseau sau biyu kuma ya kwashe lokaci a sansanoni uku. Bayan yakin, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai fassara mai zaman kanta.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haife ta a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1919 a Saint-Brieuc, Côtes-d'Armor, Jeannie Yvonne Ghislaine Rousseau 'yar Jean Rousseau ce, tsohuwar tsohuwar yakin duniya na farko kuma jami'in ma'aikatar harkokin waje ta Faransa, da matarsa Marie, mai suna Le Charpentier . Masanin harshe ne mai basira, ta kammala karatu a harsuna daga Sciences Po a 1939. Bayan barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na II, ta koma tare da iyalinta zuwa Dinard, a Ille-et-Vilaine, inda magajin gari, abokiyar iyayenta, ya nemi ta yi aiki a matsayin mai fassara don sauƙaƙe shawarwari tsakanin ayyukan yankin da hukumomin Jamus.

## Ayyukan lokacin yaƙi
Rousseau ta fara tattara bayanan sirri game da ayyukan Jamus har ma kafin ta tuntubi bayanan Allied. Ta yi aiki a majalisar kasuwanci ta Faransa a matsayin mai fassara kuma nan da nan ta zama babban ma'aikacin kungiyar, tana ganawa akai-akai da ma'aikatan kwamandan soja na Jamus. Ta kasance baƙo mai yawa tare da Jamusawa, tana tattauna batutuwan kasuwanci, kamar gunaguni game da kwacewar Nazi ko tayin sayar da su kayayyaki, kamar ƙarfe da roba. "Ina adana kwayoyi na, amma ba ni da hanyar wuce su. "   Gestapo ta kama ta a watan Janairun 1941,  amma daga baya aka sake ta saboda rashin shaidar kuma an tilasta ta barin yankin, kodayake an hana ta zama a yankin bakin teku.

A shekara ta 1941 ta koma Paris inda ta fara aiki ga wani kamfani na Paris wanda ke ba da kayan aiki ga yunkurin yaƙin Jamus, don haka ta sanya kanta a matsayin tushen bayanai masu mahimmanci ga sojojin Allied.

Ayyukanta na yau da kullun a matsayin ɗan leƙen asiri ya fara ne a shekara ta 1941, tare da haɗuwa da Georges Lamarque a cikin jirgin ƙasa na dare daga Paris zuwa Vichy .  Lamarque ta tuna Rousseau daga Jami'ar Paris, inda ta nuna baiwa a cikin harsuna, gami da Jamusanci, kuma ta kammala ta farko a cikin aji, a 1939. Ya tambaye ta ta yi masa aiki, kuma nan da nan ta yarda.

A cikin 1943, ta gabatar, a tsakanin sauran rahotanni biyu musamman masu ban mamaki game da Peenemünde. Wadannan rahotanni sun jagoranci R.V. Jones, kuma a ƙarshe, sauran gwamnatin Burtaniya da sauran Allies, kai tsaye zuwa aikin ci gaban makami mai linzami da roket da ke gudana a can. Tarin da ta yi da kuma tura wannan bayanan a cikin mawuyacin hali ya haifar, ta hanyar nazarin Jones da iyawar rinjaye a London, zuwa hare-haren iska na Burtaniya a kan Peenemünde. Kodayake sanannun kafofin da yawa ba daidai ba ne suka yi iƙirarin ko kuma sun nuna cewa rahoton Rousseau ya haifar da babban hari a kan Peenemünde a watan Agusta 17/18 1943, rahotonta bai kai R.V. Jones ba har sai bayan wannan ranar. Wadannan asusun kuma sun nuna cewa babban gudummawar da ta bayar ta shafi V-2, amma an haɗa ta da ƙungiyar V-1 ta Max Wachtel kuma rahotonta ne ya fara bayyana shafin gwajin V-1 na Wachtel a kusa da Zempin, wanda ba a yi niyya a cikin harin 17th/18th na Agusta ba.  Allies sun san game da V-2s da Peenemünde kafin rahotonta na farko. R.V. Jones ya ba da labarin cewa lokacin da ya fara tambaya game da tushen rahoton na musamman wanda da farko ya sanar da gwamnatin Burtaniya game da abin da ke faruwa a Peenemünde, duk abin da ya koya shi ne cewa ya fito ne daga "ɗaya daga cikin manyan matasan mata na ƙarni," wani ɓangare na ƙaramin cibiyar leken asiri da ke bayar da rahoto daga Faransa da aka mamaye.

Ba da daɗewa ba kafin D-Day, Gestapo ta rushe wani shiri na fitar da ita da wasu jami'ai biyu: an kama ta a La Roche-Derrien a Ranar D ga Afrilu, 1944. Ita ce ta farko da aka kama, amma duk da cewa ana kama ta ta ta gargadi abokan aikinta kuma daya ya tsere. Da farko an ɗaure ta kuma an yi mata tambayoyi a gidan yarin Jacques Cartier a Rennes, an kore ta daga Pantin a watan Agustan 1944 zuwa Ravensbrück . Daga can aka tura ta sansanin ma'aikata na Torgau inda ta shirya zanga-zanga don nuna rashin amincewa da amfani da fursunoni a cikin masana'antar harsashi. Kamar yadda Jones ya sanya shi: "Rahoton AMNIARIX suna da kyau a tarihin leken asiri, da kuma sansanoni uku - Ravensbruck, Königsberg (sansanin azabtarwa), da Torgau ba za su iya karya ta ba. "  Red Cross ta Sweden ta cece ta jim kadan kafin karshen yakin.&nbsp;

## Rayuwa bayan yaƙin

Yayinda take murmurewa a Sweden daga tarin fuka da ta kamu a lokacin da take kurkuku, Rousseau ta sadu da Henri de Clarens, wanda ya kasance a sansanonin Buchenwald da Auschwitz. Su biyu sun yi aure kuma suna da 'ya'ya biyu. De Clarens ya mutu a shekara ta 1995.

Rousseau ya yi aiki a matsayin mai fassara mai zaman kansa bayan yakin, ga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da sauran hukumomi.[1] Guje wa ganawa da manema labarai da masana tarihi, labarinta ya kasance ba a fada ba.[2] A shekara ta 1993, a matsayin Madame Jeannie de Clarens, ta amince da karɓar lambar yabo ta Hukumar leken asiri ta tsakiya.[1] Ta bayyana ƙarin bayani game da labarinta ga ɗan jarida David Ignatius a cikin 1998.[3] Sauran kyaututtuka sun hada da Legion of Honour a shekarar 1955, wanda aka kara da lambar yabo ta babban jami'in a shekarar 2009. Rousseau ya kuma sami lambar yabo ta Resistance da Croix de guerre . [1]

Rousseau ya mutu a ranar 23 ga watan Agusta 2017 a Montaigu, a Vendée, yana da shekaru 98.

## Dubi kuma

* V-1 da V-2 Ilimin

## Manazarta