Diana Liverman

**Diana Liverman** (an haife ta a watan Mayu 15, 1954, Accra, Ghana)farfesa ce ta Regents Farfesa ta Geography da Cigaba, kuma tsohuwar Darakta ta Jami'ar Arizona School of Geography, Development and Muhalli a Kwalejin Kimiyyar Zamantakewa da Halayyar a Tucson, Arizona.

Liverman tayi nazarin canjin muhalli na duniya da tasirin yanayi akan al'ummar bil'adama, gami da tasirin fari da yunwa akan al'umma, noma, tsarin abinci, da kuma jama'a masu rauni.Ta damu musamman game da matakan dai-daitawa waɗanda ke magance sauyin yanayi, abin da ke sa suyi nasara, da kuma lokacin da suka ƙirƙiri ko ƙarfafa rashin daidaituwa. Liverman tayi nazari akan yuwuwar rage illolin sauyin yanayi da kuma cimma burin cigaba mai dorewa na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya. Acikin 2010, Liverman ta karɓi lambar yabo ta Founder's Medal of the Royal Geographical Society, don "ƙarfafawa, haɓakawa da haɓɓaka fahimtar yanayin ɗan adam na canjin yanayi".

Liverman ta kasance mawallafiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙwararru(IPCC) Oktoba 8, 2018 Rahoton Musamman game da Dumamar Duniya na 1.5°C. Liverman tana ɗaya daga cikin masana kimiyya 19 a duk duniya da aka zaɓa zuwa Hukumar Duniya a 2019. Acikin 2020, an zaɓi Liverman zuwa Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta ƙasa da zuwa Cibiyar Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka.

## Ilimi
An haifi Diana Liverman ranar 15 ga Mayu, 1954, a Accra, Ghana ga iyayen Burtaniya kuma ta girma a Burtaniya. Liverman ta sami BA a fannin ilimin ƙasa daga Jami'ar College London (1976). Ta sami MA a Jami'ar Toronto, tare da nazarin kan *daidaitawar martani ga fari a Lardunan Prairie na Kanada* (1979) tare da mai ba da shawara Anne U. Whyte.

Liverman ta yi Ph.D. aiki a Jami'ar California Los Angeles (UCLA), tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da Cibiyar Nazarin Yanayin yanayi (NCAR) a Boulder, Colorado. Ta yi aiki tare da Steve Schneider daga 1982 zuwa 1985, ta sami Ph.D. a cikin labarin kasa daga UCLA a cikin 1984. Takardun karatunta shine *Amfani da samfurin kwaikwayo wajen tantance tasirin yanayi akan tsarin abinci na duniya*, tare da masu ba da shawara Werner Terjung da Stephen Schneider.

## Sana'a
Liverman ta koyar da labarin kasa a Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison inda kuma ta kasance mai alaƙa da Cibiyar Nazarin Muhalli daga 1984 zuwa 1990. Ta koyar a Jami'ar Jihar Penn daga 1990 zuwa 1996 inda ta kasance Mataimakin Darakta na Cibiyar Kimiyyar Tsarin Duniya wanda Eric Barron ya jagoranta. Ta koma Jami'ar Arizona a 1996 don zama Daraktan Nazarin Latin Amurka, tayi ritaya a 2022.

Acikin 2003 an naɗata a matsayin shugabar farko a Kimiyyar Muhalli a Jami'ar Oxford kuma ta zama Daraktan Cibiyar Canjin Muhalli, cibiyar bincike, koyarwa da wayar da kan muhalli a Jami'ar Oxford.

Acikin 2009, Liverman ta koma Jami'ar Arizona a matsayin babban darekta ta Cibiyar Muhalli tare da Jonathan Overpeck. Ta kasance a wannan matsayi har zuwa 2016. Tun daga watan Yuli 2019, Liverman ta zama darektan Makarantar Geography da Cigaba a Kwalejin Ilimin zamantakewa da halayyar ɗabi'a a Jami'ar Arizona.

Liverman ta kasance babban editan mujallar *Annual Review of Environment and Resources* daga 2009 zuwa 2015. Tayi aiki akan kwamitocin ƙasa da na ƙasa da yawa ciki har da Kwamitin Ilimin Kimiyya na Ƙasa kan Girman Mutum na Canjin Muhalli na Duniya (kujeru, 1995-1999) da Kwamitin NAS akan Zaɓuɓɓukan Yanayi na Amurka. Ta kuma jagoranci kwamitin ba da shawara na kimiyya na Cibiyar Nazarin Canjin Duniya ta Inter-American (1998-2002), Shirin Canjin Muhalli na Duniya da Tsarin Abinci (GECAFS) (2006-) da IHDP Duniya Tsarin Mulki. Aikin. Ta jagoranci tawagar mika mulki don ƙirƙirar sabon shirin bincike na duniya, Future Earth, don Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Ƙasashen Duniya waɗanda suka haɗa da ICSU, UNEP, da UNESCO.

Kashin Kuni yayi aiki a matsayin memba da membobin kwamitin don rahotanni  yawa a kan canjin yanayi a kan dumamar yanayi na 1.5 ° C.    Liverman yana ɗaya daga cikin masana kimiyya waɗanda suka "ba da gudummawa sosai" ga rahoton IPCC wanda ya kai ga bayar da lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Nobel ga IPCC a 2007.  Ta kuma bayar da rahoto game da nuna bambanci tsakanin jinsi a cikin IPCC.  

Tana aiki a kwamitin ƙungiyoyi da dama da suka haɗa da ƙwararrun dorewar al'adu da ƙirƙira Julie's Keke. 

## Scholarship
Liverman ya ba da gudummawa da yawa don fahimtar girman ɗan adam na canjin muhalli na duniya. Tallafin wallafe-wallafenta da bincikenta suna magance tasirin yanayi, rauni da daidaitawa, canjin yanayi da amincin abinci, da manufofin yanayi, raguwa da adalci musamman a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa.  Tana da sha'awa ta musamman game da yanayin siyasa na kula da muhalli a cikin Amurka, musamman a Mexico.  

Liverman yayi aiki akan tasirin fari na ɗan adam tun farkon shekarun 1980, da kuma tasirin sauyin yanayi akan tsarin abinci ta hanyar amfani da dabarun ƙirar yanayin yanayi na farko da kuma simintin amfanin gona. Bayan gano iyakokin hanyoyin yin samfuri, aikin fage a Mexico ya biyo baya, nazarin raunin haɗari ga haɗarin yanayi a ɓangaren aikin gona, da yuwuwar tasirin sauyin yanayi kan tsarin abinci. Liverman ya kuma yi nazarin illolin neoliberalism ga al'ummar Latin Amurka da tsarin muhalli a kan iyakar Amurka da Mexico. 

A cikin shekarun baya-bayan nan ta mai da hankali kan batutuwan da suka shafi kasa da kasa na manufofin sauyin yanayi da bunkasuwar sabuwar tattalin arzikin carbon, kuma ta kasance mai yawan magana da sharhi kan al'amuran yanayi na duniya.  Ita ce mawallafin rubuce-rubuce masu tasiri a kan iyakokin duniya da tsarin tsarin duniya . 

Ta kuma jagoranci manyan ayyukan bincike na haɗin gwiwa da dama, waɗanda akasari hukumomin Amurka da na Turai ne ke ba da kuɗinsu. A cikin 2011 ta kasance cikin ƙungiyar da ta yi wa Dalai Lama bayani (2011) game da sauyin yanayi.  

A duniya, Liverman ya tada wayar da kan jama'a game da mahimmancin ilimin zamantakewa don fahimtar tasirin canjin muhalli. Kungiyar Royal Geographical Society ta yabawa Liverman tare da "inganta ra'ayin cewa tasirin yanayi ya dogara da rauni kamar canjin yanayi na zahiri, kuma musamman nuna yadda canjin yanayin zamantakewa da siyasa ya canza yanayin yanayin rashin lafiyar ".  Liverman ya gudanar da wasu nazarce-nazarcen ilimi na farko na daidaitawa da ragewa, ya yi nazari kan alaƙa tsakanin arewaci na duniya da kudancin duniya, kuma ya bincika ƙalubalen ci gaba mai dorewa a cikin duniya mai canzawa. 

## Girmamawa

* 2020, Memba na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa  
* 2020, Memba na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka  
* 2017, Alexander &amp;amp; Ilse Melamid Medal, American Geographical Society 
* 2014, Guggenheim Fellowship 
* 2014, Kyautar Nasarar Shugaban Ƙasa, Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Geographers na Amurka 
* 2011, Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙasar Amirka 
* 2010, Medal ta Founder na Royal Geographical Society  
* 1991, Kyautar Mitchell don Ci gaba mai Dorewa,  Cynthia da Gidauniyar George Mitchell 

## Mabuɗin wallafe-wallafe

### Littattafai

*   (Diana Liverman, contributing author.)
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*   (Lead author, D. M. Liverman.)
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*   (Multiple editions).
*   (D. M. Liverman and others).

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## Manazarta