open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Siga

**Siga** tashar tashar Berber ce da ta Roma da ke kusa da abin da ake kira Ain Témouchent, Aljeriya. A karkashin Daular Roma, wani yanki ne na yammacin Mauretania Caesariensis, mai iyaka da Mauretania Tingitana.

## Tarihi
Siga babbar tashar ruwa ce ta Bahar Rum a tsohuwar Masarautar Numidia. Ya kasance a bakin iyakar yammacin yankin Masaesyli, kabilar Berber. Abokan adawar su na gargajiya sune ƙungiyar Berber na Maesulians, waɗanda ke mulkin yankin gabas.

Tsabar Siga tare da almara na Punic šyg'n
A lokacin Yakin Tsanani na Biyu, Sarki Syphax na Masaesyli ya hada kai da Jamhuriyar Romawa da sojojin da Scipio Africanus ke jagoranta, yayin da Maesuliyawa da Masinissa ke mulki suka goyi bayan Carthage. Tare da shan kashi da kama Syphax da Masinisa ya yi, ƙabilu na yamma sun ci nasara a hankali kuma a hankali suka shiga cikin daular haɗin kai a ƙarƙashin mulkinsa. Magadansa sun haƙa tsabar kudi a Siga tare da rubutun Punic, wanda sunan sa ya bayyana a matsayin Shigan (𐤔𐤉𐤂𐤏𐤍, šygʿn).

## Manazarta
Yakin basasa na Sierra Leone

**Yakin basasa na Sierra Leone**, dai a shekarar farko na yakin, RUF ta karbe iko da yankuna da dama a gabashi da kudancin Saliyo, wadanda ke da arzikin lu'u-lu'u. Rashin ingantaccen martani da gwamnati ta yi game da RUF da kuma rushewar samar da lu'u-lu'u na gwamnati ya haifar da juyin mulkin da sojoji suka yi a watan Afrilun shekarar 1992, wanda Hukumar Mulki ta Kasa (NPRC) ta shirya.

A karshen shekarar 1993, sojojin Saliyo (SLA) sun yi nasarar fatattakar 'yan tawayen RUF zuwa kan iyakar Laberiya, amma RUF ta murmure, aka ci gaba da gwabza fada. A watan  Maris shekara ta alif 1995, Babban Sakamako (EO), wani kamfani mai zaman kansa na Afirka ta Kudu, an ɗauki hayar don korar RUF. Saliyo ta kafa zaɓaɓɓun gwamnatin farar hula a watan Maris shekara ta 1996, kuma RUF mai ja da baya ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya ta Abidjan. A karkashin matsin lamba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, gwamnati ta dakatar da kwangilar da ta kulla da EO kafin a aiwatar da yarjejeniyar, kuma an sake samun tashin hankali.

## Manazarta
Bernard Rwehururu

**Bernard Rwehururu** (c. 1941 - 26 Fabrairu 2015) hafsan shi sojan kasar Uganda ne kuma marubuci. Ya yi aiki da sojojin Uganda daban-daban daga 1965 zuwa 2013, ciki har da gwamnatocin Milton Obote, Idi Amin, Tito Okello, da Yoweri Museveni. Bayan da ya fara karatu ya zama limamin Katolika, Rwehururu ya zama soja don tallafa wa iyalinsa da kuɗi. A yakin Uganda-Tanzaniya na 1978-79, ya zama kwamandan bataliyar sojojin Uganda kuma ya yi fadace-fadace da dama. Tare da sauran ragowar sojojin Uganda, ya koma gudun hijira a shekara ta 1979 daga bisani ya zama wani bangare na kungiyar 'yan tawaye da ke yunkurin hambarar da gwamnatin ƙasar Uganda. A shekarar 1985, sojojinta sun hambarar da sabuwar gwamnatin Uganda; Daga baya Rwehururu ya dawo daga gudun hijira kuma ya shiga rundunar sojojin 'yantar da kasa ta Uganda (UNLA). A cikin shekara mai zuwa, an kuma hambarar da gwamnatin da ke samun goyon bayan UNLA, inda Rwehururu ya zama wani bangare na sojojin adawa na kasa (NRA). Ya kai matsayin NRA da wanda ya gaje ta, Rundunar Sojojin Uganda (UPDF), cikin shekaru masu zuwa. A cikin 2002, ya rubuta tarihin kansa, mai suna Cross to the Gun, wanda ya yi cikakken bayanin kwarewarsa a cikin sojojin Uganda daban-daban, musamman lokacin 1971-79.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Bernard Rwehururu ga Nathan Kyamwonyo a Ruhoko, karamar hukumar Rugarama, gundumar Ntungamo. Iyayensa Kiristoci ne na Furotesta, amma ya ƙi su su koma Katolika sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara 15. Da farko, Rwehururu ya so ya zama firist kuma ya soma karatun firist.

Bayan kammala karatun sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Kitabi Minor Seminary a gundumar Bushenyi, Rwehururu ya fahimci cewa dole ne ya sami kuɗi don biyan kuɗin makaranta ga ’yan’uwansa maza da mata. Idan ya ci gaba da karatunsa ya zama firist, zai iya samun kuɗi kawai bayan shekara bakwai; A sakamakon haka, ya yi watsi da karatunsa kuma ya shiga aikin soja na Uganda (UA) a 1965. Da farko, ya halarci kwas na watanni hudu a Jinja. Bayan ya kammala kwas a Jinja, an tura shi aikin horaswa a Indiya. Ya sauke karatu daga Kwalejin Soja ta Indiya. Bayan ya dawo Uganda, ya yi aiki a Garin Moroto.

## Manazarta
Siha (Kibongoto)

Siha ko Masarautar Siha kuma wani lokaci ana kiranta da Kibongoto (Kwamangi wa Siha a cikin Kichagga), (Ufalme wa Siha a cikin Swahili) jihar Chagga ce mai tarihi mai tarihi wacce ke cikin gundumar Machame Kaskazini na zamani a gundumar Hai na yankin Kilimanjaro a Tanzaniya. Siha yana yamma da tudun Ushira akan Dutsen Kilimanjaro. Kalmar Mangi tana nufin sarki a Kichagga. An san masarautar da Mangi Ngalami wanda aka rataye shi tare da wasu Shugabannin jahohin Chagga guda 18 ciki har da Mangi Meli, ta mulkin mallaka na Jamus a 1900.

## Manazarta
Odette Nyiramilimo

**Odette Nyiramilimo** (an haife ta a shekarar 1956) likita ce kuma yar majalisar dattawa ta ƙasar Rwanda. Ta yi aiki a matsayin ministar harkokin zamantakewa a gwamnatin Paul Kagame daga watan Maris 2000 zuwa na Oktoban 2003.

## Farkon rayuwa
Nyiramilimo, yar kabilar Tutsi ce, an haifeta a Kinunu, lardin Gisenyi a 1956. Ita ce ta goma sha bakwai a cikin ‘ya’yan mahaifinta goma sha takwas, wadda matarsa ta biyu ta haifa.

## Ilimi
A shekarar 1981 ta kammala karatu a fannin likita a Jami'ar Kasa ta Ruwanda da ke Butare.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Lokacin da take yar shekara uku an kashe 'yan uwanta da yawa a gwagwarmayar mulki bayan samun 'yancin kai. Ta fuskanci ƙuruciya mai ban mamaki, gami da fuskantar korar ta daga makaranta saboda ita yar kabilar Tutsi ce.

Daga baya ta auri **Jean-Baptiste Gasasira**, kuma likita ne, su biyun daga baya sun kafa wata sana'a mai zaman kanta ta haihuwa da kuma aikin likitancin yara a Kigali mai suna *Le Bon Samaritain* (" Good Samaritan ")

An ba da labarin tarihin rayuwarta mai tsawo a cikin littafin Philip Gourevitch  *Wish to Inform You That Tomorrow We Will Be Killed With Our Families* .

Tana da ‘ya’ya 3; Clement Uwajeneza (an haife shi 1980), Ariane Inkesha (an haife shi 1982) da Patrick Cyusa Kinyange (an haife shi a shekara ta 1987)

## Sana'a
Ta yi aiki a asibitin Kibuye.

Ta yi aiki a matsayin ministar harkokin zamantakewa a gwamnatin Rwanda daga watan Maris 2000 zuwa Oktoban 2003.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin hadi na waje
*Frontline: The Triumph of Evil, Excerpt of program mentioning Nyiramilimo extensively
Sahrawi nationality law

**Dokokin zama dan kasa na Sahrawi** (wanda kuma ake yi da Romaniya a matsayin Saharawi) dokar ce ta Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Larabawa ta saharawi (SADR) ta kasance wacce ke tafiyar da kasa da zama dan kasa. **SADR** ta kasance kasa ce da aka amince da ita wacce ke da'awar ikon mallakar yankin yammacin Sahara, amma wani yanki ne kawai ke gudanar da ita. Kungiyar SADR kuma tana kula da sansanonin 'yan gudun hijira na Sahrawi.

Lokacin da Spain ta bar Saharar Sipaniya, babu wata yarjejeniya da ƙasashen duniya suka amince da su waɗanda suka ayyana sharuɗɗan mika mulki zuwa sabuwar ƙasa. An shafe kusan shekaru hamsin ana takaddama kan ikon mallakar SADR da Maroko, wadanda suka yi yakin buda baki har zuwa shekarar 1991 kuma suka shiga wani takaitaccen yaki tun shekarar 2020.

Duk da yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yi a shekara ta 1991 wanda ya hada da daidaita batun gadon mulki ta hanyar kuri'ar raba gardama da bangarorin da ke rikici da juna suka amince da shi, har yanzu ba a warware batun shari'ar yankin ba tun da har yanzu ba a gudanar da zaben raba gardama ba.Don haka, Maroko, wadda Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ke kallon gwamnatinta ta yammacin Sahara a matsayin mamaya, ba ta da hurumin bayar da izinin zama dan kasa ko zama dan kasa ga al'ummar Sahrawi. Don haka, saboda al'ummar Yammacin Sahara ba su iya gudanar da kuri'ar raba gardama kan 'yancin kai ta hanyar da dokokin kasa da kasa suka amince da su ba, ba za a iya dora musu dokar kasa ta kasar Morocco ko ta wata kasa mai cin gashin kanta ba. A daya bangaren kuma, kungiyar SADR ba ta taba zartar da wata doka ta hakika ta kasa ba wacce za ta tafiyar da batun neman dan kasa ko zama dan kasa ga al'ummar Sahrawi.

Don haka, Sahrawis da ba sa rayuwa a ƙarƙashin ikon SADR ba za su iya samun 'yancin zama ɗan ƙasa ba kawai ta hanyar zama ɗan ƙasa na wata ƙasa. A karkashin dokokin kasa da kasa, sauran mutanen Sahrawi suna cikin wani yanayi na rashin kasa a doka.
## Aikin dokokin kasa da kasa
A karkashin dokokin kasa da kasa, abubuwa hudu da ke da hannu a cikin maye su ne 1) yanki da aka ayyana, tare da 2) yawan jama'a na dindindin, da 3) gwamnatin da ke da 4) mai iya kulla yarjejeniya da wasu jihohi.Yawanci, ka'idar uti possidetis juris, wacce ta riki cewa ya kamata jihohin da suka gaje su su rike mutuncin iyakokin da suka gabace shi, wanda ke karfafa manufofin mika mulki na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kuma galibi ana amfani da su a Afirka.
## Manazarta
Yaki akan iyakar Afirka ta Kudu

Yaƙin kan iyaka ta Afirka ta Kudu, wanda kuma aka fi sani da * Yaƙin 'Yancin Namibiya' *, kuma wani lokaci ana nuna shi a yankin Afirka ta Kudu a matsayin * Yaƙin Bush na Angola *, ya kasance  Rikicin asymmetric wanda ya faru a Namibiya (sai South West Africa), Zambia, da Angola daga 26 ga Agusta 1966 zuwa 21 ga Maris 1990. An yi yakin. tsakanin South African Defence Force (SADF) da People's Liberation Army of Namibia (PLAN), wani reshe mai dauke da makamai na South West African People's Organisation (SWAPO). Yaƙin kan iyaka na Afirka ta Kudu yana da alaƙa da Yaƙin Bassa na Angola.

Bayan shekaru da yawa na koke na rashin nasara ta hanyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Kotun Kasa da Kasa na samun 'yancin kai daga ƙasar  Namibiya daga Afrika ta Kudu, SWAPO ta kafa shirin a 1962 tare da taimakon kayan aiki daga Soviet Union, China, da kuma jahohin Afirka masu tausayi irin su Tanzaniya, Ghana, da Algeria.
An gwabza fada tsakanin PLAN da jami'an tsaron Afirka ta Kudu a watan Agustan 1966. Tsakanin 1975 zuwa 1988 SADF ta kai hare-hare na yau da kullun zuwa Angola da Zambiya don kawar da tsarin shirin na PLAN.
Har ila yau, ta tura ƙwararrun ƙungiyoyin yaƙi da ta'addanci kamar *Koevoet* da Bataliya 32, waɗanda aka horar da su don gudanar da bincike na waje da kuma bin diddigin ƙungiyoyin 'yan ta'adda.
## Sunaye
An yi amfani da sunaye iri-iri kan rikicin da ba a bayyana ba a Afirka ta Kudu a Angola da [Namibiya]] (sai Afirka ta Kudu ta Kudu) daga tsakiyar 1960s zuwa karshen 1980s. Kalmar "Yakin kan iyakar Afirka ta Kudu" ya kasance yana nuni da yakin sojan da kungiyar People's Liberation Army of Namibia (PLAN) ta kaddamar, wanda ya dauki nau'i na zagon kasa da tada kayar baya, da kuma hare-haren waje da Afirka ta Kudu ta kaddamar. Sojoji a sansanonin PLAN da ake zargi a cikin Angola ko Zambia, wani lokaci suna haɗa da manyan yaƙi na al'ada da People's Armed Forces of Liberation of Angola (FAPLA) da kawayenta Cuba.

## Manazarta
Patricie Uwase

**Patricie Uwase** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1989) injiniya ce kuma yar siyasar ƙasar Rwanda wadda a halin yanzu take aiki a matsayin Ministar ƙasa a ma'aikatar samar da ababen more rayuwa ta gwamnatin Rwanda. A baya, ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar hukumar Rwandair kuma babban sakatare na ma'aikatar ababen more rayuwa ta Rwanda.  

## Ilimi
Ta yi digirin digirgir a fannin injiniyan farar hula daga tsohuwar Cibiyar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kigali (tsohon suna KIST) a Ruwanda, kuma ta yi Jagorar Kimiyya a fannin Injiniya ta Jami'ar California, Berkeley  

## Manazarta
Phocas Nikwigize

**Phocas Nikwigize** (23 ga watan Agusta 1919 - 30 Nuwamba 1996) bishop ne a Cocin Roman Katolika, kuma ɗan kasar Ruwanda ne.

Nikwigize an haife shi a Muhango, Rwanda, kuma an naɗa shi firist a ranar 25 ga watan Yuli 1948. An nada shi bishop na Diocese na Ruhengeri hakazalika an nada shi bishop a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba 1968. Nikiwigize ya ci gaba da kasancewa a wannan mukamin har sai da ya yi ritaya a ranar 5 ga watan Janairun 1996.

A ranar 27 ga watan Nuwamba 1996, ya tafi don sake shiga kasar Ruwanda tare da masu wa’azi a mishan lokacin da wasu sojojin Kishin Ruwanda suka kama shi kuma aka yi imanin an kashe shi a ranar 30 ga watan Nuwamba 1996.

## Duba kuma
*Diocese of Ruhengeri

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin hadin na waje
* Catholic Hierarchy
René Sibomana

**René Sibomana** ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Kwamishinan Ƙungiyar des Scouts du Rwanda. A cikin shekarar 1990, an ba shi *Wolf Bronze Bronze* na 211, shine kawai bambanci na Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Scout ta Duniya, wanda Kwamitin Scout na Duniya ya ba shi don ayyuka na musamman ga duniya a fannin Scouting. 

## Manazarta
Emmanuel Ndahiro

**Emmanuel Ndahiro** sojan Rwanda ne. Ya kasance shugaban hukumar leken asirin kasar Rwanda har zuwa shekarar 2011.      

## Manazarta
Ranyawany

**Rwandanya** Yarima ne kuma ɗa na biyar ga Mwami Yuhi IV Gahindiro na Masarautar Ruwanda wanda ya rayu a ƙarni na 19. Ɗansa shi ne Kannanga, mahaifin fitattun sarakunan Tutuba da Kanyemera. 

## Manazarta
Sahaba el-Rehmania

**Sahaba el-Rehmania** (Larabci: صحابة الرحمانية; m. c. 1528 / 934–5 AH) matar sarkin ƙasar Morocco na daular Sadiya Mohammed al-Shaykh kuma mahaifiyar Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik. Kasancewar ta samu hazaƙa a fannin diflomasiyya, ta rike mukamin jagorar siyasa a tsawon rayuwarta. Ta kasance jakadiya a daular Usmaniyya a kotun Sultan Murad III.
## Tarihin rayuwa
Sahaba ta fito daga ƙabilar Rahamna, kabilar Hassan
Kabilarta tana da alaƙa da Sadiyawa kuma, a cikin shekarar alif 1525, sun shiga cikin harin da aka kai wa sansanin ƙasar Fotugal na Santa Cruz, a Agadir. Ta auri Mohammed al-Shaykh a shekara ta 1528.

## Manazarta
Abincin Nijar

**Abincin [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]]** ya zana abincin gargajiya na Afirka. Ana amfani da kayan kamshi iri-iri da abinci sun haɗa da gasasshen nama, kayan lambu na zamani, salati, da miya iri-iri. Yawancin abinci a Nijar ana farawa ne da saladi kala-kala da aka yi da kayan marmari. Ganyen zogale sun fi so ga salatin.

Abincin Nijar na yau da kullun ya ƙunshi sitaci ( shinkafa da ta fi shahara) haɗe da miya ko miya. Sitaci da ake ci galibi gero ne da shinkafa. Kayan abinci masu mahimmanci sun haɗa da gero, shinkafa, rogo, dawa, masara da wake.   An ajiye Couscous don lokuta na musamman. Porridge, dumplings alkama, da *beignets* wasu daga cikin shahararrun kayan ciye-ciye ne a Nijar.  Abincin da aka fi so shine jollof rice. 

Noman tsiro a Nijar ya dogara sosai kan ruwan sama don samar da ruwan sha ga shuke-shuke, kuma fari ya yi illa ga noman Nijar a baya, lamarin da ke barazana ga wadatar abinci a cikin gida

Shayi sanannen abin sha ne a Nijar. 

## Kayan yaji
Wasu matafiya Larabawa ne suka kawowa Nijar wasu kayan kamshi, sun haɗa da ginger, nutmeg, kirfa, saffron, da kuma ɗanɗano .   Ana kuma amfani da kayan yaji mai zafi a cikin abincin Nijar.  Wani lokaci ana amfani da kayan yaji don marinate nama don ƙara dandano.

## Abincin gama gari

* Jollof shinkafa
* Dambou, tasa da aka yi da hatsi da ganyen zogale
* Moringa, an shirya shi da ganyen "bishiyar gandu", kwas ɗin da furanni waɗanda su ma ana iya ci.
* Stews da miya
* Gero porridge
* Miyan dabino

## Abincin gama gari

 
Fayil:Niger_kilishi.JPG|alt=Kilishi in Niger| *[[Kilishi]]* a Nijar
Fayil:Hirsekoerner.jpg|alt=Millet grains| hatsin gero
Fayil:Fryingplantains10-28-06.jpg|alt=Fried plantain| Soyayyen plantain
Fayil:Sorghum.wild-India-Tamil_word27.1.jpg|alt=Sorghum grains| hatsin dawa


## Magana

## Common foods

 
Fayil:Niger_kilishi.JPG|alt=Kilishi in Niger| *[[Kilishi]]* a Nijar
Fayil:Hirsekoerner.jpg|alt=Millet grains| hatsin gero
Fayil:Fryingplantains10-28-06.jpg|alt=Fried plantain| Soyayyen agada
Fayil:Sorghum.wild-India-Tamil_word27.1.jpg|alt=Sorghum grains| hatsin dawa
Facu

**Fakou** wanda aka fi sani da **Fakou Foye** ko **Fakoye**, miyar gargajiya ce ta al'ummar Songhai da Abzinawa a Nijar da arewacin Mali.  Wannan miya mai duhu, mai kauri dan kadan, ana yin ta ne daga ganyen jute a kimiyance da ake kira Corchorus olitorius, wanda aka fi sani da Mulukhiyah a Arewacin Afirka da *Ayoyo* a Ghana .

## Sinadaran
Fakou yawanci ana ado da rago ko naman sa, tare da ma'anar sinadaren shine ganyen jute.  Zabin mai na gargajiya da ake amfani da shi shine man shanu (“ *Hawji* ” a Songhai )

## Shiri
Don yin miya na Fakou, ganyen jute yana jujjuya su zama busasshen abu mara kyau. Mahimman sinadaran sun haɗa da Kabé (Mousse Renne), Cumin foda, barkono ja, barkono Penja baki da fari ("fêfê" a cikin Songhai), barkono Selim, soumbala, busasshen ƙananan kifi, manna dabino, kirfa foda, koren anise, nutmeg, da saniya. man shanu. Kayan yaji yana dacewa da zaɓi na sirri. Shirye-shiryen ya haɗa da ƙara ruwa a cikin tukunya, haɗa kayan abinci, tafasa cakuda, sannan gabatar da Corète potagère. 

Ana yawan yi wa Fakou hidima da shinkafa.

## Daban-daban halaye
Fakou sauce na dafa abinci yana da alama da man da ake iya gani a saman lokacin dafa abinci, yana haɓaka dandano da ingancin tasa.  

## Magana
Tropical Rainforest

## Trophical Rainforest
Ya kasance wani yanki na dajin Amazon a ƙasar Brazil. Ruwan sama na kudu na Kudancin Amurka suna dauke da mafi girman bambancin halittu a duniya. 

Wurin dazuzzukan na wurare masu zafi (koren duhu) da dazuzzukan dazuzzukan na duniya.

Yankunan yanayin dajin na wurare masu zafi (Af).
Dazuzzukan  na wurare masu zafi suna da yawa kuma  dazuzzuka masu yawan gaske suna samun ruwan sama tsakanin 10° arewa da kudancin Equator. Su yanki ne na biome gandun daji na wurare masu zafi wanda ke faruwa kusan a cikin 28 ° latitudes (a cikin yanki mai ban tsoro tsakanin Tropic of Cancer da Tropic na Capricorn). Dazuzzukan dazuzzukan wurare masu zafi nau'in daji ne na wurare masu zafi, wanda ya haɗa da dazuzzukan dazuzzukan wurare masu yawa na yanayi.[3Dazuzzuka na gaskiya yakan faru ne a yanayin dazuzzukan na wurare masu zafi inda babu lokacin rani; duk watanni suna da matsakaicin hazo na akalla 60 mm (2.4 in). Dazuzzukan wurare masu zafi na yanayi tare da damina mai zafi ko yanayin savanna wani lokaci ana haɗa su cikin ma'anar mafi faɗi.

## Manazarta
Hassan Ameen

**Hassan Ameen** (Arabic: حسن أمين)(an haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 1985) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Emirati. A halin yanzu yana taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan hagu na baya.

## Manazarta

## HanyoyinHaɗin waje

*
Banku

**Banku da Tilapia** abinci ne na gargajiya daga kasar Ghana, kuma ana matukar son sa musamman a kudancin kasar. Banku wani nau'in abinci ne da ake yi da masara da ciyawa ko kuma shinkafa. Ana daka masarar sannan a gauraya ta da ruwa a bar ta ta kwana domin ta tsufa ko ta tsuma, bayan haka sai a dafa ta cikin tukunya har sai ta yi kauri sosai kuma ta zama tauri. Tilapia kuwa kifi ne da aka soya ko aka gasa tare da kayan kamshi irin su tafarnuwa, albasa, tumatir, da barkono. Ana ci banku tare da tilapia, kuma ana iya ci da miya mai daddawa wadda aka hada da kayan lambu ko barkono mai zafi.

## Yadda ake dafa Banku
# **Garin Masara** A niƙa masara da kyau har sai ta zama gari mai kyau.
# A hada garin masarar da ruwa sannan a barshi ya juƙu na tsawon kwanaki 1 zuwa 2 don ya yi fermenting.
# **Dafa Garin**A sa a tukunya sannan a dafa shi da ruwa me zafi mai tsanani har sai ya yi kauri.
# **Suya ko Gasawa** A soya ko a gasa kifin Tilapia tare da kayan kamshi kamar tafarnuwa, albasa, da tumatir da citta da barkono.

## Mahimmancin Banku da Tilafiya
Banku da Tilapia abinci ne mai matukar muhimmanci a al’adun Ghana.  Yana da alaka da taron dangi da al’adun yammacin Afirka, kuma ana ci musamman a lokutan bukukuwa ko lokutan hutu tare da iyali da abokai.Banku na dauke da sinadarin carbohydrate daga masara wanda ke samar da kuzari, yayin da kifin tilapia yake samar da protein wanda ke da matukar muhimmanci ga lafiyar  jiki.

## Manazarta
Papás por conveniencia

***Papás por conveniencia*** jerin shirin fim ne na talabijin na Mexico wanda Rosy Ocampo ya samar don Televisa. Tauraro na José Ron da Ariadne Díaz. An fara jerin shirye-shiryen a ranar 21 ga Oktoba 2024 akan Las Estrellas.

## Yan wasa

* Ariadne Díaz a matsayin Aidé Mosqueda
* José Ron a matsayin Constantino "Tino" Guevara
* Ferdinando Valencia a matsayin Guzmán Muriel
* África Zavala a matsayin Federica
* Daniela Luján a matsayin Clara Luz Monroy
* Martín Ricca a matsayin Rudolf
* María Chacón a matsayin Alicia "Lichita" Chagoyan
* Miguel Martínez a matsayin Chano Chamorro
* Horacio Pancheri a matsayin Dámaso Rivera
* Lambda García a matsayin Facundo Topete
* Sherlyn González a matsayin Silvana Cruz Muriel
* Imanol Landeta a matsayin Felipe
* Leticia Perdigón a matsayin Bertha
* Ernesto Laguardia a matsayin Jason
* Cecilia Gabriela a matsayin Pura
* Adriana Fonseca a matsayin Paulina
* María Perroni Garza a matsayin Sofía "Chofis" Chamorro Chagoyán
* Joaquín Bondoni a matsayin Sergio "Checo" Chamorro Chagoyán
* Jonathan Becerra a matsayin El Calacas
* Victoria Viera a matsayin Circe Guevara Mosqueda 
* Emilio Beltrán a matsayin Ulises Guevara Mosqueda 
* Camila Núñez a matsayin Scarlet Topete Mosqueda
* Tania Nicole a matsayin Lila Guevara
* Juan Pablo Velasco a matsayin Emiliano Guevara
* Constantino Alonso a matsayin Pipe
* Mateo Saavedra a matsayin Jesús "Chuchito" Chamorro Chagoyán
* Sandra Sánchez Cantú
* Lalo Zayas a matsayin Augusto
* José Remis a matsayin Igor
* Simone Mateos
* Ximena Tello
* Natalia Álvarez
* Iván Caraza
* Lukas Urkijo

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin hadi na waje

*
Mathilde Mukantabana

**Mathilde Mukantaba** (an haife ta a shekarar 1958) 'yar siyasa ce kuma jami'ar diflomasiyya ta kasar Rwanda da aka haifa a Butare, a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jakadiyar Rwanda a Amurka kuma ba jakadan ba a Mexico, Brazil, da Argentina, Amman tana jakadancin a kasashen. Ita ce Shugaba kuma tana daya daga cikin wadanda suka-kafa kungiya Mai zaman kanta, ta Friends of Rwanda Association (F.O.R.A.). 

## Manazarta
Nick Tsaroulla

**Nicholas Andrew Tsaroulla** (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1999) kwararren  ɗan wasan  ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda yake buga kwallo   a matsayin dan wasan gefe na kungiyar  County . An haife shi a Ingila, ya wakilci Cyprus a matakin yan kwallo  matasa.

## Ayyukan kulob dinsa

### Shekaru na farko
Tsaroulla ya fara aikinsa tare da Whetstone Wanderers kuma ya koma makarantar Tottenham Hotspur yana da shekaru 12.  Tsaroulla ya sami nasarar aiki tare da yan kasa da shekaru 18 (ya lashe Kofin Koriya ta Kudu na 2014 da Kofin IMG na 2016) , amma saboda  hadarin mota da yasaka ya sha wahala a watan Yulin 2017 ya sa aka sakeshi a karshe  kakar 2017-18. Daga baya ya kwashe shekara guda yana gyara lafiyarsa.

## Brentford
A ranar 9 ga Mayu 2019, Tsaroulla ya shiga brentford a kan kyauta  kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekara guda, tare da zaɓi na ƙarin shekara. Ya buga wasanni 31 na a lokacin kakar wasa daya da kulob din. Ya fara fitowa a fagen wasa na farko a matsayin wanda yayi chanj  a inda suka samu nasarar 2-0 ta a kan kungiyar  Ipswich Town a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba 2020 kuma ya fara buga wasan farko a 1-1 tare da colchester united wata daya bayan haka.

## Crawley Town
Bayan horo na makonni shida tare da Crawley Town, Tsaroulla ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekara guda tare da kulob din  a ranar 10 ga Oktoba 2020, tare da zaɓi na kara cike wata yarjejeniyar. Tsaroulla ya ci kwallayensa  na farko a matsayin babban dan wasa  a fitowarsa ta bakwai a nasarar da suka samu  3-0 FA Cup a zagaye na uku a kan kungiyar Premier League a ranar 10 ga Janairun 2021.  A hirar da akayi dashi bayan wasan, Tsaroulla ya kusayin kuka, yana mai cewa "ya fita daga cikin kwanakin kunci ". Bayan ya zira kwallo sau ɗaya a cikin wasanni 21 daya buga  a cikin yakin neman shiga cikin  teburin wasanni na shekakrar 2020-21,   ya lashe lambar yabo ta Young Player of the Season da Goal of the Season.

A ranar 11 ga Mayu 2021, ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da zaɓi na ƙarin shekara. Zai yi bayyanarsa ta 100 ga kulob din a cikin asarar 3-1 ga Notts County. 

## Notts County
A ranar 19 ga Yuni 2024, ya shiga Notts County kan kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da zaɓi na shekara ta uku.

## Ayyukan kasa da kasa
A shekarar  2019, Cyprus sun saka  Tsaroulla a matakin  yan kasa da shekara 21. 

## Kididdigar aiki

## Manazarta
Armani Little

**Armani George Little** (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga Afrilun shekarar 1997) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan wasan tsakiya  na ƙungiyar gillingham ta EFL League Two

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Little a Portsmouth . 

## Ayyukansa

### Southampton
ya kasance yana a  ƙungiyar southampton  tun yana dan shekaru 12,  Little ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar carre ɗinsa  ta farko tare da Southington a ranar 21 ga Afrilu 2015.  Southampton ta sake shi a lokacin rani na shekara ta 2018.

## Oxford United
A ranar 20 ga Yunin shekarar 2018, Little ya shiga oxford united  kan kwangilar shekara guda. A ranar 17 ga watan Agustan 2018, ya shiga Woking kan rancen wata daya. Ya fara bugawa Oxford wasa a ranar 18 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2018 a cikin nasarar 3-0 na EFL Trophy a gida ga Tottenham Hotspur na yan kasa da shekara 23.

Ya fara buga wasan farko a Oxford a ranar 26 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2018, ya zo a matsayin mai maye gurbin minti na 71 a cikin nasara 1-0 a gida ga Southend United,  kafin ya shiga woking a aro har zuwa ƙarshen kakar a ranar 4 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2019. Kafin kwangilarsa ta kare a Oxford, Little ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar kwangila tare da kungiyar  torquay unted  ta National League.

## Torquay United
Little ya fara bugawa Torquay wasa a ranar 3 ga watan Agusta 2019, inda ya buga cikakken minti 90 a nasarar da suka samu a gida 2-1 a kan kungiyar  Boreham Wood . 

## Forest Green Rovers
A ranar 8 ga watan Yunin 2022, Little ya amince da yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu don shiga sabuwar ƙungiyar Forest Green Rovers ta League One .  A ranar 12 ga watan Janairun 2023, Little ya shiga kungiyar wimbledon  ta League Two a kan aro har zuwa ƙarshen kakar.

## AFC Wimbledon
A ranar 6 ga watan Yulin 2023, Little ya sanya hannu har abada ga Wimbledon  bayan nasarar samun rance. Ya zira kwallaye na farko a Wimbledon a kan Tranmere Rovers a ranar 30 ga Satumba 2023.

## Gillingham
A ranar 31 ga Mayu 2024, gillingham ya sanar da sanya hannu kan Armani Little.

## Ƙididdigar aiki

# ^ Jump up to:***a*** ***b*** ***c*** ***d*** ***e*** Appeara

## Manazarta
Waitomokia

**Waitomokia** (kuma **Moerangi**,  **Gabriel Hill** ko Mount Gabriel) dutsen wuta ne a cikin Filin dutsen wuta na Auckland . Crater na  m (2,000  mai faɗin tuff na Waitomokia ya ƙunshi ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta guda uku har zuwa   , ɗaya tare da crater, waɗanda aka tono a cikin shekarun 1950.

## Ilimin ƙasa
Dutsen ya fashe kimanin shekaru 20,300 da suka gabata, bisa ga samfurori na ash da aka samu a Pūkaki Lagoon . [1] Dutsen ya ƙunshi rami mai fashewa, tare da ƙananan ƙwayoyi uku da ke kewaye da zoben tuff na mita 15-25.[1] Cones, kowannensu kusan mita 30 a tsawo, an samar da su ne ta hanyar fashewar fashewa daga hanyoyi uku a tsakiyar rami. Yankunan gabas guda biyu sun kasance conical, yayin da tudun kudu maso yamma ya kuma kasance spatter cone tare da zurfin rami mai zurfi 18.[1] Bayan fashewar farko, rami ya zama ruwan sha.[1]....

## Tarihin ɗan adam
Tāmaki Māori ne ya ba tafkin crater da tafkin sunan Waitomokia ("Ruwa da ke shiga cikin Duniya"), yayin da ake kira cones uku Moerangi . Dutsen mai fitattun wuta, tare da Māngere Lagoon, Crater Hill, Kohuora, Pukaki Lagoon da Robertson Hill, yana ɗaya daga cikin siffofin dutsen mai fitilun da ake kira Nga Tapuwae a Mataoho ("The Sacred Footprints of Mataoho"), yana nufin allahn da ke da hannu a cikin halittar su. Yankunan biyu na conical sune wurin pā (dutse), kuma bangarorin sun kasance tare da kūmara rua (gidan ajiyar dankali mai zaki). 

Lokacin da mazauna Turai suka isa yankin Māngere, sun ba da sunan dutsen mai fitattun wuta Dutsen Jibra'ilu, bayan wani mazaunin farko. An yi amfani da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin shekarun 1950 don gina Manukau Sewage Purification Works (yanzu Māngere Wastewater Treatment Plant) kusa da dutsen mai fitattun wuta. A ƙarshen rabin karni na 20, an yi amfani da ƙasar don ɗakunan kiwifruit, noman furanni da lambu. A shekara ta 2005, ƙasar ta zama wurin Villa Maria Estates, gonar inabi da a baya an kafa hedikwatar ta a arewa maso gabas tare da Kirkbride Road. Ana amfani da rami a wasu lokuta don kide-kide na kasa'a a lokacin rani,  kuma ya kasance wurin kide-kiide na Bic Runga, Tim Finn, Topp Twins, Jack Johnson da National.  

## Manazarta

* City of Volcanoes: A geology of Auckland - Searle, Ernest J.; Mayhill, R.D.; Longman Paul, 1981. An buga shi da farko a shekarar 1964.   ISBN .&nbsp;
* *Dutsen wuta na Auckland: Jagoran filin*. Hayward, B.W.; Auckland University Press, 2019, shafi na 335  . 

## Haɗin waje

* Hoton 1899 na Waitomokia yana nuna ƙwayoyinsa guda uku
* Ra'ayi na 1930 na Waitomokia
* Hotunan sama na Waitomokia
Amaranthus thunbergii

***Amaranthus thunbergii***, wanda aka fi sani da **Thunberg's amaranthus**  ko **Thunberg's pigweed**,  wani nau'in ganye kuma yana samuwa a Afirka.

Ana amfani da ganyen azaman domin ɗanɗano ko kayan lambu masu ganye.
## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* PROTAbase on ''Amaranthus thunbergii''  

## Manazarta
Babute

**Babute** Abinci ne na yankin nahiyar Afirka, yadda ya kamata wani nau'i ne naman (meatloaf), wanda ya samo asali ne daga yankin *Babute* na Kongo wanda ke ɗauke da naman sa, curry foda da apricots.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin dishes na Afirka

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Astray Recipes: Babute 

## Manazarta
Harira

**Harira** (*al-Harira*) miyar gargajiya ce ta Arewacin Afirka da aka shirya a Maroko  da Aljeriya.   Harira na Aljeriya ya sha bamban da harira na Moroko a cikin cewa harira ta Aljeriya ba ta ɗauke da lentil. Ta shahara a matsayin mai farawa amma kuma ana ci da kansa azaman abun ciye-ciye mai sauƙi. Akwai bambance-bambancen da yawa kuma galibi ana yin ta a cikin Ramadan, kodayake ana iya yin ta a duk shekara. 

Har ila yau, tana cikin abincin Maghrebi, inda ake ƙara ruwan lemun tsami da kwai don ƙara ɗanɗano na miya. Kamar Musulmai, waɗanda a al'adance suna da miya mai cikawa don abincin Iftar, Yahudawa suna yin azumi da ita a lokacin Yom Kippur.

## Asali
A cewar masanin tarihin abinci na Yahudawa Gil Marks, Harira ta samo asali ne daga Al-Andalus. 

## Shiri

Girke-girke na Harira ta ƙunshi abubuwa masu zuwa, kuma tana iya bambanta dangane da yankuna:

* *Tadouira* - cakuda mai kauri da aka yi daga gari da ruwa da kuma wani lokacin gwangwani tumatir, wanda aka ƙara a ƙarshen tsarin dafa abinci. 
* Tumatir 
* Lentils
* Chickpeas
* Fava wake
* Albasa
* Shinkafa
* Dukan ƙwai
* Ƙananan adadin nama: (naman sa, rago ko kaza)
* Cokali ɗaya ko biyu na man zaitun.

Samfurin, yawanci rago, yana da kyau tare da kirfa, ginger, turmeric ko wani wakili mai launi kamar saffron, da sabbin ganye irin su cilantro da faski. 

Hakanan za'a iya ƙara ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami a lokacin hidima. Miyar tana da daɗi idan an bar ta ta huta dare ɗaya. 

Yawancin lokaci ana ba da shi tare da ƙwai da aka tafasa a yayyafa shi da gishiri da cumin, dabino da sauran busassun 'ya'yan itatuwa da aka fi so kamar ɓaure, kayan zaki na zuma na gargajiya da sauran gurasa na musamman na gida ko crepes.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin jita-jita na Afirka
* Abincin Moroccan
* Abincin Aljeriya
* Maghrebi abinci
* Jerin miya

## Manazarta
Eghajira

**Eghajira** wani abin sha ne mai zaki da kauri da ake yi da hatsi da 'ya'yan itace, wanda Abzinawa ke sha a lokuta na musamman. Akan ci shi da ladle. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin porridges

## Manazarta
Derssa

**Derssa** ( ) sanannen kayan abinci ne a cikin abincin Aljeriya,  wanda yawanci ana yin ta da tafarnuwa, cumin, flakes barkono da kuma jan barkono, da man zaitun.  Ana yawan amfani da ita tare da gasassun nama ko gasasshen nama, sannan kuma ana amfani da ita azaman marinade da nama ko kayan lambu kafin a dafa abinci. Tana da nau'i-nau'i iri-iri kuma galibi ana amfani da ita don ƙara ɗanɗano a cikin dishes daban-daban, Hakanan ana iya amfani da ita azaman miya da ake ci da biredi ko kayan lambu, ko azaman shimfidawa ga sandwiches ko nannade.  

Ainihin girke-girke na derssa na iya bambanta daga yanki zuwa yanki ko ma daga gida zuwa gida, tare da wasu bambance-bambancen da suka haɗa da ƙarin kayan aiki irin su coriander, ruwan lemun tsami, ko man tumatir.  Duk da haka, mahimman abubuwan da ke tattare da tafarnuwa, cumin, flakes na chili, da man zaitun yawanci suna cikin mafi yawan nau'ikan kayan abinci.

An san Derssa don ƙaƙƙarfan ɗanɗanon ta, kuma tana da mahimmanci a yawancin gidajen ƙasar Aljeriya. Wani lokaci ana rubuta ta da “dersa” ko “dersah”, kuma ana kiranta da “harissa” a wasu yankuna. Duk da haka, bai kamata a ruɗe shi da miya mai zafi na Arewacin Afirka wanda ake kira harissa, wanda aka yi da abubuwa daban-daban kamar gasasshen barkono ja, tafarnuwa, da kayan yaji. 

A cikin kayan abinci na Aljeriya, ana yin derssa ne ta hanyar niƙa ko niƙa tafarnuwa da cumin da turmi da ƙwanƙwasa ko kuma a cikin injin sarrafa abinci, sannan a haɗa a cikin jajayen barkono  da man zaitun har sai an sami daidaito irin na man zaitun. Ana barin derssa don zama na tsawon sa'o'i da yawa ko na dare don ba da damar dandano su narke tare kafin a ba da su. Bugu da ƙari ga ainihin kayan abinci na tafarnuwa, cumin, flakes na chili, da man zaitun, wasu bambancin derssa na iya haɗawa da wasu kayan yaji ko kayan abinci kamar su paprika, coriander, ruwan lemun tsami,  ko manna tumatir. Madaidaicin girke-girke na derssa na iya bambanta dangane da fifiko na sirri ko al'adun yanki. 

## Manazarta
Cow lung

**Cow lung**  wani nau'in nama ne da ake amfani da shi a cikin abinci dabam-dabam kuma a matsayin tushen surfactants na huhu. A ƙasar Peru ana kiranta da suna *bofe*, a Najeriya kuma ana kiranta da *Fùkù*. A Indonesia, Paru goreng (soyayyen huhu) sanannen nau'in abinci ne na Padang, kuma ana iya yin Nasi kuning da huhu.

A fannin likitanci, dabbobin da aka samo su sun haɗa da Beractants Alveofact da aka ciro daga ruwan lavage na huhu da kuma Survanta da aka ciro daga huhun saniya tare da ƙarin DPPC, palmitic acid da tripalmitin.

Defibrotide wani nau'in acid deoxyribonucleic acid ne (mai ɗaure ɗaya) wanda aka samu daga huhu na saniya.

## Manazarta
Celosia trigyna

***Celosia trigyna*** wani nau'in shuka ne wanda aka fi sani da **woolflower** don furanni masu ban sha'awa.

## Bayani
*Celosia trigyna* na iya girma har zuwa 1 m (3 feet) a tsawo kuma ana ɗaukarsa ciyawa a wasu yankuna na duniya inda aka gabatar da shi. Ana iya shuka shi daga iri.

## Amfani
A lokacin fari, an yi amfani da woolflower azaman tushen abinci. Ana dafa ganyen kamar kabeji, kuma ana kiransa da . 

Ana kuma ci a matsayin kayan lambu a Afirka.

## Manazarta
Burukutu

**Burukutu** abin sha ne na barasa, wanda aka yi shi daga hatsin masarar Guinea (*[[Dawa|Sorghum bicolor]]*) da gero (*Pennisetum glaucum*).  Ana yawan samar da barasa a ƙasashen Afirka masu zafi kamar Najeriya, Togo, Kenya, Habasha da Burundi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan sha na gargajiya da na gida. Ana amfani da ita a Arewacin Guinea savanna yankin Najeriya, Ghana, Togo, da Jamhuriyar Benin. 

## Samarwa
Samar da Burukutu yana da matakai da yawa dangane da ƙasar Afirka musamman ko yankunan ƙabilu, amma an san matakai biyar na asali sun yi daidai. (Daniyel, 2022). Matakan asali guda biyar sun haɗa da: steeping, malting, mashing, fermentation, da maturation.  Ana fara samar da ƙwayar cuta ta hanyar cizon sauro, wanda ya haɗa da canza masarar Gine ko hatsin gero zuwa malt kuma wannan yana faruwa a kan bene na malting.  Ana yin wannan tsari ne ta hanyar tsalle-tsalle, wanda ya haɗa da jiƙa da hatsi a cikin ruwa na akalla kwanaki uku don ba da damar hatsin ya sha danshi kuma ya fara toho.  Lokacin da hatsin ya sami isasshen danshi, sai a tura shi zuwa filin ciyawa, inda ake jujjuya shi akai-akai har tsawon kwanaki biyar yayin da yake bushe da iska.  Ana biye da wannan hanya ta niƙawa inda ake niƙa hatsin da aka fi sani da " Bill ɗin hatsi " (malted grain) da ruwa da aka sani da "giya" da kuma ɗumamawa da cakudawa.  Wannan tsari yana ba da damar enzymes a cikin lissafin hatsi don lalata sitaci a cikin hatsi zuwa sukari (maltose) don samar da wort.  Ana ba da izinin samfurin don yin taki ta amfani da nau'in naman gwari na sukari na yisti kuma yana ba da izinin balaga na kwanaki 2 ko 48. 

A Najeriya musamman a jihar Kebbi, ana amfani da masara ta Guinea maimakon gero ko dawa a wasu wurare saboda daɗin ɗanɗano da kauri. Malting yana ci gaba kuma an kasa masara. An haɗa masarar ƙasa da ruwa kuma an haɗa maganin. Ana barin maganin don yin taki na kwana ɗaya ko biyu dangane da yadda ake la'akari da kaddarorin organoleptic da tsarin fermentation. Ana dafa masarar da aka haɗe a zuba a cikin wani kwano idan ta huce. Za'a iya ƙara haɗe-haɗe kamar Garri amma ana ƙara wani ɓangare na wani nau'in masarar ƙasa da ake kira greul don gabatar da nau'in daji daga masara maras kyau da ba da ɗanɗano. Ganye da dafaffen masarar da aka dafa ana haɗa su wuri ɗaya a sake tafasawa. Ana sanyaya Burukutu, washegari kuma a ba abokan ciniki. Gabaɗaya, aikin samar da Burukutu yana ɗaukar kwanaki 7 don haka masu sana'a na gida suna da tsarin batch fermentation don ci gaba da haɓakar masu amfani da su a Arewa (Daniel, 2022).
 

## Duba kuma

* Umqombothi, Chibuku da Munkoyo ko ' Ibwatu ' a Zambiya.

## Manazarta
Chapman (drink)

**Chapman** abin sha ne marar giya, yawanci ja ne a launi. Sau da yawa ana kiransa da abinshan da ba na giya ba, ana yin shi ne a al'adance tare da cakuda Fanta, Sprite, Cucumber, Lemon, Grenadine da Angostura bitters kuma a al'adance ana yin sa a cikin babban mug tare da kankara da ƴan yankan kokwamba.   Ana bayyana shi a matsayin abin sha da aka fi so a Najeriya kuma ko da yake ana sha ba tare da barasa ba, ana iya shayar da shi tare da alamar vodka ko rum. 

## Tarihi
An yi imanin cewa haɗaɗɗiyar giyar ta samo asali ne a wata mashaya ta gida a Ikoyi Club, Legas, Najeriya.  Samuel Alamutu wani mashaya ne a kulob ɗin ƙasar ne ya kirkiro wannan abin sha wanda aka buƙaci ya yi wani abu na musamman ga abokin cinikin da yake so mai suna Chapman.

## Sinadaran da bambancin
Chapman tabbas shine shahararren abin sha da aka fi so a Najeriya kuma ana ba da shi a mashaya, kulob-kulob, gidajen cin abinci da kuma lokuta na musamman a ƙasar kuma yana karuwa a faɗin yammacin Afirka. 

### Sauran sinadaran
Chapman ya yi fice a matsayin abin sha a cikin ƙasar, wanda galibi ana jin daɗinsa a taruka daban-daban. Wannan haɗaɗɗiyar giyar, wanda aka fi sani da Chapman ko shapman, abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare a shagulgulan Najeriya. Ba kamar takwaransa na ba-giya ba, mocktail, Chapman ya faɗi cikin rukunin haɗaɗɗiyar giyar saboda haɗawar Angostura aromatic bitters. Ya ƙunshi carbonated orange da lemun tsami ko lemun tsami sha, grenadine syrup, 'ya'yan itace juices, kankara cubes, da sauran kayan ado, wannan musamman concoction ne mai haskakawa a wurin taro. 

Duk da yake babu tsarin girke-girke da aka yarda da shi, abin sha na Chapman koyaushe zai haɗa da bitters, lemun tsami, lemun tsami da kokwamba.  
Fayil:Chapman_drink.jpg
Fayil:Fanta_Chapman.jpg


## Manazarta
Kamfanin Kwalabe na Seven-Up

**Kamfanin Kwalabe na Seven-Up** kamfani ne na kera kayan shaye-shaye mai hedikwata a Legas, Najeriya. A baya an nakalto hannun jarinsa a kasuwar hada-hadar hannayen jari ta Najeriya amma bayan siyan fitattun hannayen jarin jama'a ta hannun jarin dangin wanda ya kafa, ya zama na sirri. Seven-Up Bottling Company Ltd na ɗaya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin kera kayayyaki a Najeriya, inda yake samar da kuma rarraba wasu abubuwan sha da al'ummar ƙasar ke so, kamar; Pepsi, 7Up, Mirinda, Teem, Mountain Dew, H2oH! , Lipton Ice Tea, Supa Komando Energy Drink da Aquafina premium ruwan sha.

SBC tana da masana'antar kwalba guda tara tare da na'urorin masana'antu na zamani waɗanda ke da dabaru daban-daban a yankuna daban-daban na ƙasar. 

## Tarihi
Samar da samfurin sa na farko, 7 Up ya fara ranar 1 ga watan Oktoba, 1960.  Wannan kamfani ya kasance ƙwaƙƙwaran dangin El-Khalil daga Lebanon. Uban gidan ya kafa kamfanin sufuri a Najeriya sannan ya yanke shawarar nutsewa cikin kasuwar kayan shaye-shaye don yin gogayya da Kamfanin Leventis na Najeriya Bottling Company (NBC). A cikin shekara ta1960s, kamfanin ya gabatar da wani nau'i na samfurori masu ban sha'awa ciki har da Howdy, Crush, Howdy Tonic Water, da Howdy Ginger Ale. Kasuwar farko ta kamfanin tana tsakiyar Yamma ne da Yammacin Najeriya saboda wurin da masana'anta suke a Ijora, Legas. Don wayar da kan jama'a da gogayya da NBC, sun rarraba kiosks na waje ga ƴan kasuwa.

A cikin shekarar 1970s, bayan gwamnati ta fitar da dokar zama 'yan asalin ƙasar, dangin El-Khalil sun sayar da kasuwancin su na sufuri kuma suka mai da hankali kan kasuwancin kwalba. Shi dai Faysal El-Khalil wanda ya jagoranci kamfanin sufurin ya koma Seven-Up daga baya ya zama manajan darakta. Yayin da ƙarfin siyayyar masu amfani ya karu, kamfanin ya fara wani shirin faɗadawa a farkon buƙatun man Najeriya a shekarun 1970. An gina sabuwar masana'anta a Oregun sannan aka yi ɗaya a Ibadan sannan a Aba. Yunkurin da kamfanin ke yi na ganin an samu ci gaba a faɗin ƙasar ya sa aka gina masana’antu a Kano, Kaduna, Enugu, Benin da Ilorin.  Yawancin shirye-shiryen faɗaɗasa an ba su kuɗi ne da bashi.

A halin yanzu, kamfanin yana sayar da 7-Up, Pepsi, Mirinda, Teem, Supa Komando da Mountain Dew. 

## Talla
Seven-Up da aka haɓaka a ƙarshen 1980s yana da tsarin daidaita tsarin da gwamnati ta ɗauka ya haifar da haɓaka farashin. Tallace-tallacen sun haɗa da ƙayyadaddun kyaututtuka da aka zana a ƙarƙashin kambin kwalabe.  Masu cin kasuwa za su iya cin nasarar kuɗi, motoci ko wasu kayan kyauta yayin talla. Duk da haka, rashin nasarar cin nasara bai yi kyau ba kuma hakan wani lokaci yana haifar da koma baya daga sassan al'umma. 

Seven-Up yana da tarihin ɗaukar nauyin wasanni a Najeriya. Kamfanin yana tallafawa makarantar horar da ƙwallon ƙafa ta matasa. 

Kamfanin ya kuma gabatar da 35cl da 50cl kwalabe na Pepsi. 

## Duba kuma

* Kamfanin Bottleling na Najeriya

## Manazarta
Shinkafar Banga

**Banga Rice** abinci ne na gargajiya na Najeriya wanda ake shirya shi da 'ya'yan dabino kamar a cikin miya na dabino.    Ana yawan cin abincinsa a tsakanin al'ummar Urhobo na kudancin Najeriya. Banga shine ruwan 'ya'yan itace da ake ciro daga 'ya'yan itacen dabino. Ana kiranta da shinkafar Banga bayan an dafa ruwan da aka ciro daga cikin dabino da farar shinkafa da aka daka.

Mutanen Urhobo  ba sa ƙara kayan yaji na musamman kamar; Taiko, Benetientien, da Rogoje zuwa shinkafar Banga  lokacin da suke shirya tasa kamar yadda sukeyi lokacin shirya miya ta Banga.

## Sunadarai;

* Shinkafa
* Dabino
* Kayan yaji cubes
* Gishiri
* Crayfish
* Danyen barkono
* Albasa 
* Ocimum kyauta (na zaɓi)

## Duba kuma

* Jollof shinkafa
* Shinkafa da wake
* Soyayyen shinkafa
* shinkafa kwakwa

## Manazarta
Muhammad Bashir (mai iyo)

**Muhammad Bashir** (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga watan Mayun shekarar 1935) tsohon ɗan wasan ruwa ne na ƙasar Pakistan. Ya yi gasa a tseren mita 200 na maza a gasar Olympics ta Shekarar 1952.
## Manazarta
Tiger nut drink

**Abin sha na Tiger nut**, wanda aka fi sani da horchata de chufa a Spain da kunu aya ko ofio a Najeriya, abin sha ne na Najeriya da ake yi da da aya.   Kuma ana kiranta da kunun aya.    

Manyan sinadaran da ake amfani da su wajen yin abin sha sune Aya goro, dabino da kwakwa. Cinnamon, kofi, vanilla essence, sukari da zuma kuma ana kara su don ba da dandano na musamman da kuma adana sabo na abin sha.   Abin sha a dabi'a ba shi da kiwo, mara alkama, da vegan. 

Ana cire chaff daga cikin aya da aka haɗe. Ana ba da abin sha mai sanyi kuma dole ne a sha a cikin kwanaki 3 idan an sanya shi cikin firiji.  

## Duba kuma

* Abincin Hausawa
* Horchata
* Zobo abin sha
* Nonon shuka

## Manazarta
Usi (abinci)

**Usi**, wanda kuma ake kira da **sitaci**, abincin sitaci ne na al'ummar Urhobo Isoko na Najeriya.   An samo sitacin daga rogo (manioca). 

## Manazarta
Ozoz Sokoh

**Ozoz Sokoh** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1976) marubuciya 'yar Najeriya ce, masaniya a fannin tarihin abinci, mai haɓaka girke-girke, kuma masaniya a ilimin ɗan adam.    Ta shirya abubuwan da ke kewaye da hanyoyin abinci na Najeriya, gami da Ranar Jollof ta Duniya ta farko a cikin shekara ta 2017.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Sokoh a cikin shekarar 1976 a Warri,  a kudancin gabar tekun Najeriya. Ta halarci Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo a Ile-Ife, Nigeria na tsawon shekaru 3, ta karanta Urban and Regional Planning,  kuma ta bari a shekarar 1997. Ta koma ƙasar Ingila inda ta sami digiri a fannin Geology a Jami'ar Liverpool.  A lokacin da take a Burtaniya, ta fara dafa abincin Najeriya don ta ji kusa da gida.  A cewar Sokoh, ta kirkiro girkinta na farko a shekarar 1998 a lokacin da take zaune da kuma zuwa makaranta a Burtaniya. 

## Sana'a
Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Liverpool, Sokoh ta yi aiki a matsayin masaniya a fannin ilimin ƙasa. Ta fara shafin yanar gizon dafa abinci, Kitchen Butterfly, kuma ta rubuta game da abincin Najeriya yayin da take rayuwa kuma tana aiki a Netherlands daga 2007 zuwa 2011.   &#x5B; ** &#x5D; Ta ci gaba da girke-girke. 

Bayan ta dawo Najeriya a shekarar 2011, ta fara bincike kan abubuwan da suka saba da su a Najeriya da kuma amfaninsu ta fuskar ilimin halin ɗan Adam.    Ta yi bincike tare da gabatar da wani shiri akan burodin Agege, wanda ke da mahimmanci a Najeriya, don ' Ga 'yan Afirka'. 

A cikin shekarar 2018 Sokoh ta ƙirƙiri Feast Afrique, tarin littattafai na kan layi wanda ya shafi tarihin dafa abinci na Afirka ta Yamma da ƙasashen waje.     Wannan tarin ya ƙunshi ɗakin karatu na dijital na 240+ Afirka ta Yamma da albarkatun dafa abinci da wallafe-wallafe.   Ta yi bincike kuma ta yi rubuce-rubuce game da alaƙar da ke tsakanin abinci na Afirka ta Yamma da kuma abincin al'ummomin da suka tsunduma cikin cinikin bayi. 

Ta shirya Ranar Jollof ta Duniya ta farko a cikin shekarar 2017.  An gudanar da bikin ne domin murnar Jollof rice, abincin da ya zama ruwan dare a yammacin Afirka kuma abincin da aka fi sani da yankin a duk duniya.  Ta ƙirƙiro abubuwan 'Ku Ci Littafin', tana murnar abincin Afirka daga rubuce-rubucen Afirka ta hanyar ƙirƙirar jita-jita a bukukuwan adabi da fasaha.   Ita ce mai shirya taron tsara tsarin abinci na Abori, wanda aka gudanar a Alliance Française, Legas a shekarar 2019 kuma ta gabatar da nune-nunen abinci, tattaunawa da kasuwar manoma. 

A cikin shekarar 2020, yayin da mai kula da Hasashen, Sokoh ta samar da *bakin teku zuwa gabar teku*, wani shirin gaskiya game da yaɗuwar abinci na Afirka ta Yamma ta cikin ƙasashen waje.  

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Tun daga shekarar 2021 Sokoh ta zauna a Ontario, Kanada.   Tana da yara. 

## Manazarta
Snail pepper soup

**Miyan barkonon katantan**wa abinci ce ta gida a yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Ana shirya ta da Afirka giant katantanwa shine babban sashi. Miyar ta shahara a yankin Neja-Delta da kuma jama'ar yankin na sama na jihar Cross River. 

## Dubawa
Ana cire slime daga katantanwa ta amfani da lemun tsami, gishiri, Garri ko Alum. Sauran sinadaran sun haɗa da barkono, garin uziza, ganyen kamshi, ehuru da ganyen Utazi.  Miyar tana da tsada a lokacin rani tunda katantanwa suna sha'awar yayin da suke da yawa a lokacin damina. Ana adana katantanwa da aka dafa ta hanyar shan taba ko bushewar rana tun lokacin shiryayye-rayen gajere ne. 

## Sauran abinci
Ana cin miyan katantanwa da shinkafa ko masara. Hakanan za'a iya cinye shi azaman abincin da aka haɗa da abubuwan sha. 

## Duba kuma

* Frejon
* Miyan dabino

## Manazarta