open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Indra Nooyi

**Indra Nooyi** (née Krishnamurthy; an haife ta Oktoba 28, 1955) ƴar kasuwan Ba’amurkiya ƴar asalin Indiya ce wadda ya kasance shugaba kuma babbar jami'ar zartarwa (Shugaba) ta PepsiCo daga 2006 zuwa 2018.

Nooyi ta ci gaba da kasancewa cikin manyan mata 100 na duniya. A cikin 2014, an sanya ta a lamba 13 akan jerin Forbes, kuma mace ta biyu mafi ƙarfi akan jerin Fortune a cikin 2015 da 2017. Ta zauna a kan allon Amazon da Majalisar Cricket ta Duniya, a tsakanin sauran kungiyoyi.

## Rayuwar Baya
An haifi Nooyi a ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 1955, a cikin dangin Tamil Brahmin a Madras (yanzu ana kiranta Chennai), Tamil Nadu, Indiya. Nooyi ta yi karatun ta a Holy Angels Anglo Indian Higher Secondary School a T. Nagar.

Mahaifiyar Nooyi ta kasance mai yin gida. Yayin da ita kanta ba ta yi karatun boko ba, mahaifiyarta ta tsara dabarun yin wasanni a lokacin abincin dare ga 'ya'yanta mata. Lokacin da Nooyi da 'yar uwarta suna tsakanin shekaru takwas zuwa 11, mahaifiyarsu ta umarce su da su rubuta jawabi game da abin da za su yi idan sun rike mukamai kamar shugaban kasa ko Firayim Minista. Idan Nooyi ta gaza a wani aiki, kakan mahaifinta (alkali) zai sa ta rubuta, "Ba zan yi uzuri ba" sau 200 akan takarda.

## Karatu
Yayin da take kammala karatunta, Nooyi ta buga guitar a cikin makada, kuma ta yi fice a wasan cricket. Nooyi ya sami digiri na farko a fannin physics, chemistry da mathematics daga Madras Christian College na Jami'ar Madras a 1975, da Diploma na Shirye-shiryen Digiri na gaba daga Cibiyar Gudanarwa ta Indiya a Calcutta a 1976.

A cikin 1978, an shigar da Nooyi a Makarantar Gudanarwa ta Yale kuma ta koma Amurka, inda ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin sarrafa jama'a da masu zaman kansu a 1980.

## Aiki
Nooyi ta fara aikinta a Indiya tare da matsayin manajan samfur a Johnson & Johnson da kamfanin masaku Beardsell Ltd. Yayin da take halartar Makarantar Gudanarwa ta Yale, Nooyi ta kammala horon bazara tare da Booz Allen Hamilton. A cikin 1980, Nooyi ya shiga Ƙungiyar Masu Ba da Shawara ta Boston (BCG) a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan dabarun, sannan ya yi aiki a Motorola a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasa kuma Daraktan Dabarun Kamfanoni da Tsare-tsare, sannan ya yi aiki a Asea Brown Boveri.

## Manazarta
Ansarul Islam (Sahel)

**Ansarul Islam** kungiya ce mai fafutukar Islama da ke aiki a Burkina Faso da Mali . Boureima Dicko ne ya kafa shi, wanda aka fi sani da Ibrahim Malam Dicko, kuma ita ce ƙungiyar Jihadi ta farko a Burkina Faso. Kungiyar tana aiki tare da Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin (JNIM). 

## Tarihi
Kungiyar ta sanar da wanzuwarta a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2016 a cikin wata sanarwa da ke da'awar alhakin wani hari a Nassoumbou .  Ibrahim Malam Dicko ne ya kafa shi kuma ya jagoranci shi har zuwa mutuwarsa a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2017 daga dalilai na halitta.

Kungiyar ta dauki alhakin hare-hare da yawa. Wadannan sun hada da harin da aka kai a ofisoshin 'yan sanda guda biyu a Tongomayel da Baraboulé a watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2017 da kuma harin da ya kai wani kauye a Soum a watan Maris na shekara ta 2017

A ranar 30 ga  Oktoba shekarar 2020, Sojojin Faransa sun kashe kimanin 'yan jihad a kan babura na kungiyar Ansarul Islam a Mali, kusa da iyakar Burkina Faso. An kuma kwace makamai da kayan aiki.

## Manazarta
Katiba Macina

**Katibat Macina,** kuma aka sani da **Macina Liberation Movement**  ko **Macina Liberation Front** (MLF, French   ), kungiya ce ta masu kishin Islama da ke aiki a Mali .  Kungiyar Ansar Dine ce. 

## OkAsalin da membobin
A watan Maris na shekara ta 2012, an kori shugaban kasar Mali Amadou Toumani Touré a wani juyin mulki saboda yadda yake gudanar da tashin hankali a Arewacin Mali. A sakamakon rashin kwanciyar hankali da ya biyo baya, manyan biranen arewacin Mali guda uku - Kidal, Gao da Timbuktu - sun mamaye cakuda Musulmai da Tuareg Nationalists. A watan Yulin, tsoffin abokansu sun kori Tuareg, kuma yankin ya zama ya mamaye kungiyoyin Jihadist: Al-Qaeda a cikin Maghreb na Musulunci (AQIM), Ansar Dine, da Movement for Unity and Jihad in West Africa (MUJAO). 

A watan Janairun 2013, 'yan Islama sun kwace garin Konna a tsakiyar Mali, bayan gwagwarmaya mai tsanani da sojojin Mali. Sojojin Faransa ne suka kore su kwanaki bayan haka,  farkon shiga tsakani na soja da aka sani da Operation Serval . Koyaya, wasu mayakan sun sami damar komawa mafaka a cikin duwatsu ko hamada kuma su sake haɗuwa. Tsoffin sojan kabilanci na Fulani na rikici sun kasance ainihin kungiyar. Fulani suna kusa da kashi 9 cikin 100 na yawan mutanen Mali, amma suna da rinjaye a Yankin Mopti, wanda shine cibiyar Jihar Musulunci ta Macina da Fulani ke jagoranta a karni na 19.

## Tarihi
Katiba Macina ta fara zama sananne a watan Janairun 2015, lokacin da ta dauki alhakin hare-hare a tsakiya da kudancin Mali. Shugaban kungiyar shine Amadou Kouffa, wani marabout wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin kwamandan mayakan Islama a Yaƙin Konna na 2013.

Kungiyar ce ke da alhakin hare-haren da aka kai wa masu zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, sojojin Faransa da sojojin gwamnatin Mali, da kuma fararen hula.

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2017, Amadou Kouffa ya bayyana a cikin bidiyon, tare da shugabannin reshen Saharan na AIM, Al-Mourabitoun da Ansar Dine, inda aka sanar da cewa suna haɗakar kungiyoyinsu cikin ƙungiyar da ake kira Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin . 

Sojojin Faransa ne suka kashe Kouffa a watan Nuwamba 2018.  A watan Fabrairun 2019, duk da haka, Faransa 24 ta ba da rahoton cewa ta sami bidiyon minti 19 wanda ya bayyana don nuna shi da rai.

## Haɗin kai tare da wasu kungiyoyi
A ranar 10 ga watan Janairun 2020, an yi rikice-rikicen makamai tsakanin mambobin Amadou Koufa masu aminci da wasu masu adawa kusa da garin Dogo a cikin Katiba Macina. Abubuwa da yawa na rashin jituwa sun haifar da wata ƙungiya ta masu adawa da Mamadou Mobbo don sukar Amadou Kouffa saboda rashin kula da albarkatun ƙasa. An kashe mayakan biyu na Katiba Macina sakamakon wadannan rikice-rikice.

Mamadou Mobbo yana daya daga cikin wadanda suka taimaka wa Amadou Koufa don halatta yakin da ya yi a Macina, yankin da Koufa ba asalinsa ba ne.

A cikin bidiyon da aka buga a ƙarshen Janairu, ƙungiyar mayakan da Mamadou Mobbo ke jagoranta sun sauya sheka ta hanyar yin alkawarin biyayya ga Jihar Islama da Khalifancinta Abu Ibrahim al-Hachimi al-Qourachi, don haka suna neman amincewa da Jihar Islami.

## Manazarta
Ganda Iso

**Ganda Iso**, ko **Ganda Izo**, ma'ana "Ya'yan Ƙasa", kungiya ce ta sojoji da ta fito a Arewacin Mali a farkon karni na 21 kuma ta kasance mai aiki a lokacin Rikicin Arewacin Mali, wanda ya fara a watan Janairun 2012.

## Kafawa

An kafa ƙungiyar Ganda Koy a watan Mayu na shekara ta 1994, ta hanyar Seydou Cissé, a matsayin martani ga tashin hankali tsakanin Tuaregs da kabilun baƙar fata na Yankin Gao, a arewacin Mali. An tattara mayakan Ganda Koy daga cikin mutanen Songhai, Bambara, Fulani, Bozo da Tuareg-Bella. 

Ganda Koy nan da nan ta ki amincewa da "Kwamitin Kasa" don Zaman Lafiya da aka sanya hannu a watan Afrilun 1992. Daga nan sai motsi ya rungumi akidar wariyar launin fata mai adawa da Turawa, don mayar da martani ga abin da ya fahimta a matsayin zalunci na Tuareg.

Ganda Koy daga baya ya canza zuwa Ganda Iso, wanda ake gani a matsayin magajinsa kai tsaye.

## Rikicin Tuareg
A cikin 1994, ayyukan Ganda Koy sun kai mutuwar mutane 60-300.

A shekara ta 2008, wani shugaban soja na Ganda Iso, Sergeant Amadou Diallo, ya gudanar da "kisan kiyashi mai zurfi" inda aka kashe fararen hula hudu na Tuareg. Wannan ya haifar da rabuwa tsakanin Diallo da jagorancin farar hula na motsi.

An ruwaito cewa an kashe Amadou Diallo a Ansongo, a cikin yakin da aka yi da 'yan tawayen MNLA a ranar 25 ga Maris 2012. 

A ranar 1 ga Satumba 2012, garin Douentza, a Yankin Mopti, har zuwa lokacin da Ganda Iso ke sarrafawa, Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa (MUJAO) ta kama shi ba tare da tashin hankali ba.

## Manazarta
Padmasree Warrior

**Padmasree Warrior** (an haife ta Yellepeddi Padmasree) yar kasuwa ce Ba-Amurkiya ƴar kasuwa kuma shugabar fasaha. An san ta da matsayinta na jagoranci a kamfanonin fasaha kamar Cisco inda ta yi aiki a matsayin CTO na tsawon shekaru bakwai, kuma a Motorola inda ta kasance CTO na tsawon shekaru biyar. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugabar kamfanin Nio USA, mai kera motocin lantarki. A halin yanzu, ita ce ta kafa kuma Shugaba na Fable, dandalin karatun da aka tsara wanda aka mayar da hankali kan lafiyar kwakwalwa. Hakanan tana aiki a kwamitin gudanarwa na Microsoft da Spotify.

A cikin 2014, an jera ta a matsayin ɗayan mace 100 mafi ƙarfi a duniya ta Forbes. A cikin 2018 kuma an nuna ta a cikin "Manyan Matan 50 na Amurka a Fasaha" ta Forbes.

## Rayuwar baya
An haifi Yellepeddi Padmasree a cikin dangin Telugu a Vijayawada na Andhra Pradesh, Indiya. Ta tafi makaranta a Makarantar Montessori na Yara da Kwalejin Maris Stella da ke Vijayawada. Warrior ya sami digiri na farko a injiniyan sinadarai daga IIT Delhi a cikin 1982. Ta yi digiri na biyu a fannin injiniyan sinadarai daga Jami'ar Cornell.

## Aiki

### Motorola
Warrior ya shiga Motorola a cikin 1984 A tsawon shekaru 23 da ta yi a kamfanin ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Kamfanin kuma babban manajan Motorola's Energy Systems Group, da Mataimakin Shugaban Kamfanin da Babban Jami'in Fasaha a Sashin Samfuran Samfuran. Nan da nan kafin ta zama Motorola's CTO, ta yi aiki a matsayin babban manajan Thinkbeam, samfurin Motorola, a Tempe, Arizona. Lokacin da aka kira Motorola's CTO a cikin Janairu 2003, Warrior ya zama babban mataimakiyar shugaban kasa kuma a cikin 2005 an ƙara mata girma zuwa mataimakiyar shugabar zartarwa.

## Manazarta
Ofishin Mata na Zimbabwe

**Ofishin Mata na Zimbabwe** (**ZWB**) ƙungiya ce ta mata ta a ƙasar Zimbabwe da aka kafa a shekarar 1978.

## Asali
ZWB ta fara ne a matsayin ƙoƙari ga malamai baƙar fata na yankin Rhodesian, masu gwagwarmaya da 'yan kasuwa domin "wayar da kan mata a ƙasar, musamman mata baƙar fata". Don tserewa daga tantancewa daga yankin Rhodesian Front, kungiyar ZWB ta yi amfani da majami'u a matsayin wuraren taro, suna nuna ayyukansu a matsayin ƙungiyoyin addu'a. Bayan samun 'yancin kai, an wallafa wani binciken da suka yi game da ra'ayoyin mata a matsayin littafi Mai sunan; We Carry A Heavy Load. A matsayinta na reshe na Ƙungiyar Manoma ta Kasa ta Zimbabwe, Ofishin Mata ya ɗauki nauyin bita da kuma horar da Mata manoma.

## Wallafe-wallafe
* *Black Women in Zimbabwe*. Harare, June 1980
* Kate McCalman, *We Carry a Heavy Load: Rural Women in Zimbabwe Speak Out*. Harare: Zimbabwe Women's Bureau, 1981
* *We Carry a Heavy Load, Part II*. Harare: Zimbabwe Women's Bureau, 1992

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin hadi na waje
* Zimbabwe Women's Bureau website
Al-Mulathameen

**Al-Mulathameen Brigade** (Brigade of the Masked Ones) kungiya ce ta 'yan ta'adda da ke aiki a Arewa da Yammacin Afirka wacce Mokhtar  ya kafa kuma ya jagoranci wacce a baya ta kasance memba na Al-Qaeda a cikin Maghreb ta Musulunci. A cikin 2013 Al-Mulathameen ya haɗu da Movement for Oneness and Jihad a Yammacin Afirka don kafa Al-Mourabitoun. A cikin 2017 Al-Mourabitoun ya haɗu da reshen Sahara na Al-Qaeda a cikin Maghreb na Musulunci, Ansar Dine, da Macina Liberation Front don kafa Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin.

## Manazarta
Ansar al-Sharia (Mali)

**Ansar al-Sharia ([[Mali]]) ** (Masu goyon baya Dokar Musulunci) kungiya ce mai tsattsauran ra'ayi na addinin Musulunci da ke aiki a yankin Azawad na Mali. 

## Tarihi
Bayan tashin hankali na Azawad a shekarar 2012, yankin arewacin Mali ta sami 'yancin kai daga gwamnatin tsakiya ta Mali, tare da yankunan da dama da kungiyoyin Islama suka karbe su ciki har da Ansar Dine, Movement for Oneness da Jihad a Yammacin Afirka da Al-Qaeda a cikin Maghreb na Islama.

A ranar 9 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2012, wata kungiya ta Musulmai ta Mali a birnin Gao ta ba da sanarwar kirkirar sabuwar kungiya da ake kira Ansar al-Sharia, sunan ya zamo sunan da kungiyoyin da yawa suke amfani da shi a kasashe Musulmai ciki har da Yemen, Libya da Tunisia.

Yawancin shugabannin kungiyar sun fito ne daga dangin Larabawa na Berabiches daga Timbuktu; wasu daga cikin iyalai na wannan kabilar an ruwaito suna da dangantaka ta hanyar aure tare da bangarorin Al-Qaeda a cikin Maghreb na Musulunci. Tsarin kabilanci na wannan rukuni na da alaka da na Ansaruddin mai rinjaye na Tuareg. 

Kamar dai sauran kungiyoyin Ansar al-Sharia, reshen na Mali ya danganta bisa ga wasu ka'idoji, kamar adawa da dimokuradiyya ta yamma, akidar Jihadi na Salafawa da burin kafa Masarautar Musulunci. Ba a kafa shi tare da samar da taimako da wa'azin addini wanda ya kasance na sauran rassan Ansar al-Sharia ba.

Bayan shigar Faransa a shekarar 2013 a arewacin Mali, kungiyoyin Jihadi da ke gudana a yankin sun sauya zuwa yakin tawaye; duk da haka, ba a alakanta Ansar al-Sharia da shiga kowanne daga cikin. yakin ba.

## Manazarta
Thomas Matthew

**Thomas Matthew Champion** (an haife shi ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, 1986) tsohon dan wasan kwallon kafa ne na Ingila wanda ya buga wa kungiyar lewes wasa na ƙarshe.

## Sanaarsa
### Shekarun Farko
An haife shi a Landan, Champion ya fara aikinsa na a matsayin ƙwararren dan wasa  tare da Barnet, bayan ya buga wa matasan Watford wasa. A cikin Fabrairu 2005, ya koma kungiyar  Wealdstone a kan aro na wata guda. Champion daga baya ya koma ga kungiyar  Bees, sannan ya koma  Bishop's Stortford a watan Yuli.

## Dartford
A cikin bazara ta shekarar 2010, bayan ya fito  a wasu lokuta a wasan  Bishop's Stortford, Champion ya koma kungiyar  Dartford. Ya kasance mai taka rawa akai-akai, kume mai kasancewa a koyaushe lokacin  kamfen na tallata Babban Taronsu, ya fito a cikin wasanni 39. 

## Cambridge United
A ranar 8 ga Mayu 2013 Champion ya shiga kungiyar  Cambridge United, tare da abokin wasansa Dartford Tom Bonner.  Ya fito a duk wasannin lig a kakar wasa ta shekarar, inda ya taimakawa kulob din komawa League Two. A ranar 8 ga Agusta 2014 Champion ya buga wasan farko na Cambridge a gasar League Two, wanda ya fara da yin nasara  1-0 da Plymouth Argyle.

## Barnet
Champion ya koma kungiyar  Barnet akan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu a watan Mayu 2015. Ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a kungiyar a wasan da suka yi nasara da ci 2-0 a wasan zagayen farko na gasar cin kofin FA da Blackpool.

## Boreham Wood
Chamion ya shiga kungiyar boreham wood a watan janairun  2017. 

## Woking
A ranar 8 ga Yuni 2021, Champion ya shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa, yana kan yarjejeniyar shekara ɗaya. A ranar 21 ga Agusta 2021, Champion ya fara wasansa na farko a Woking yayin nasarar da suka yi  da Wealdstone da ci 2–1, inda ya chanj Max Kretzschmar a cikin minti na 74. Ya ci gaba da buga wasa sau talatin da takwas a duk gasa kafin ya tafi a karshen kwantiraginsa a watan Yuli 2022.

## Kididdigar Sana'a

## Manazarta
Jerin mata masu koyarwa 'yan Najeriya

Wannan jerin sunayen mata masu koyarwa a Najeriya. Mai koyarwa shine mutum wanda ke aiki a matsayin malami ko mai bincike a jami'a ko wata cibiyar ilimi mafi girma.  

## Mata masu koyarwa 'yan Najeriya

* Funke Abimbola 
* Beatrice Aboyade
* Ayoka Olufunmilayo Adebambo
* Catherine Obianuju Acholonu
* Oluranti Adebule
* Maggie Aderin-Pocock
* Olanike Adeyemo
* Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie
* Tomilayo Adekanye
* Deborah Ajakaiye
* Beatrice Aboyade
* Jadesola Akande 
* Dora Akunyili 
* Sarah Alade 
* Tejumade Alakija 
* Grace Alele-Williams 
* Zaynab Alkali 
* Sefi Atta 
* Bolanle Awe 
* Ayo Ayoola-Amale 
* Adejoke Ayoola 
* Uche Azikiwe 

* Olubola Babalola
* Doris Bozimo
* Grace Ebun Delano 

* Comfort Ekpo 
* Buchi Emecheta 
* Chinwe Nwogo Ezeani

* Adeyinka Gladys Falusi 

* Adenike Grange 

* Francisca Oboh Ikuenobe 

* Jackie Kay 

* Sarah Ladipo Manyika 
* Amina J. Mohammed 

* Eucharia Oluchi Nwaichi 
* Flora Nwapa 

* Chinwe Obaji 
* Aize Obayan  
* Jumoke Oduwole 
* Molara Ogundipe
* Adetowun Ogunsheye
* Kathleen Adebola Okikiolu 
* Victoria Okojie 
* Nnenna Okore 
* Chinyere Stella Okunna
* Smaranda Olarinde
* Ibiyemi Olatunji-Bello
* Olufunmilayo Olopade 
* Ifeoma Mabel Onyemelukwe
* Adenike Osofisan 
* Felicity Okpete Ovai
* Oyèrónkẹ́ Oyěwùmí

* Babalola Chinedum Peace 

* Omowunmi Sadik 
* Arinola Olasumbo Sanya 
* Zulu Sofola 
* Margaret Adebisi Sowunmi
* Olaitan Soyannwo 

* Grace Oladunni Taylor

 

## Manazarta
Susan Grey Akers

**Susan Grey Akers** (April 3, 1889 – January 30, 1984) ta kasance ma'aikaciyar laburare 'yar Amurka kuma mace ta farko da ta rike mukamin deen a Jami'ar North Carolina. 
## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Akers a Richmond, Kentucky, ga iyaye Clara Elizabeth Harris da James Tazewell Akers, farfesa harshe ce a Jami'ar Kentucky.  Ta sami digiri na farko a harshen Latin da Girkanci daga Jami'ar Kentucky a 1909, bayan haka ta koyar da Latin na shekara ɗaya a makarantar sakandare a Kentucky, sanan 'yan aji biyar da shida a Birmingham, Alabama na tsawon shekara daya.  A cikin 1911, ta fara aiki a laburare na jama'a a Louisville, Kentucky, ta ci gaba da zuwa Makarantar Laburare a Jami'ar Wisconsin a 1913, inda ta yi abota da darekta Mary Imogene Hazeltine.

Bayan ta sami takardar shedar zama ma’aikaciyar laburare kuma mataimakiyar mai kula da kwalejin Wellesley a Sashen Tsabta da Ilimin Jiki inda ta sake tsarawa da sabunta tsarin tattara kasidu.  A lokacin bazara, ta yi aiki a Laburaren Jama'a na New York tana aikin shirya kasidu.  A cikin shekarar 1927, ta rubuta *Salon Shirya ƙasidu cikin Sauƙi* wanda aka buga har sau bakwai, tare da kowane sabon bugu yana nuna sabbin hanyoyin koyarwa, na tsawon rayuwarta.

Ta shiga Makarantar Laburare ta 'Yan Jami'a a Jami'ar Chicago a 1927 inda ta yi karatu a karkashin Harriet E. Howe da Douglas Waples. Binciken ta ya nuna sha'awarta ga shirya kasida da kuma damuwarta cewa yawancin masu kula da dakunan karatu suna tunanin cewa ba ta da kyau, ta zama ta farko wadda ta ba da shawarar yin cikakken bayani game da littattafai da ba dole ba, sai dai inda ya dace.  Ta kammala karatun digirinta na uku a shekarar 1932

## Takardu

## Takardun Susan Gray Akers, 1899-1984, tarin ana ajiye su a cikin ɗakin karatu na Musamman na Louis Round Wilson a Jami'ar North Carolina.  Kimanin abubuwansa 1,200 wani yanki ne na Tarin Tarihi na Kudancin.

## Manazarta
Tavneet Suri

**Tavneet Suri** masaniya ce a fannin tattalin arziki  na ci gaban Kenya a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin Louis E. Seley Farfesa na Ilimin Tattalin Arziƙi a Makarantar Gudanarwa ta MIT Sloan.  Ta kasance memba na kwamitin zartarwa na Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab,  kuma abokiyar binciken malamai a Ofishin Binciken Tattalin Arziki na Ƙasa.  Binciken nata ya mayar da hankali kan karɓuwar fasaha da amfani da shi a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara.  

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Bayan ta girma a Kenya,  Suri ta sami BA a fannin tattalin arziki daga Kwalejin Trinity, Cambridge, da MA da PhD daga Jami'ar Yale.   A Yale, ta kasance ɗaliba na Michael Boozer da Christopher Udry, kuma ta sami lambar yabo ta George Trimis don Bambance-bambance a fannin Dissertation. 

A cikin shekara ta 2006, Suri ta shiga sashen gudanarwa na MIT Sloan School of Management a matsayin mataimakiyar farfesa.  Ta shiga cikin J-PAL ta hanyar aiki tare da Rachel Glennerster a Saliyo, daga bisani ta tashi ta zama darektar kimiyya na kungiyar na Afirka. 

Dangane da bincikenta, Suri ita ce edita na Bita na Tattalin Arziki da Ƙididdiga da kuma shugabar J-PAL Digital Agricultural Innovations and Services Initiative.  Tana da alaƙa da Ofishin Bincike na Tattalin Arziƙi na Ƙasa da Ofishin Bincike da Nazarin Tattalin Arziki na Ci gaba. 

## Bincike
Binciken Suri da farko yana mai da hankali ne kan ɗauka da yaɗa sabbin fasahohi a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa. Ta ba da kulawa ta musamman ga ɗaukar sabbin abubuwa a harkar noma da kuma biyan kuɗin wayar hannu.  

### Kuɗin Wayar hannu
Suri ta kuma ba da hankalinta ga kuɗin wayar hannu, tana nazarin rarrabuwar kawuna a cikin gidajen Kenya na samun damar shiga wakilan M-Pesa don yin nazarin tasirin tsarin kan sarrafa haɗari, talauci, da cin abinci. Sun gano cewa kuɗin wayar hannu yana sauƙaƙe musayar haɗari, tare da sauƙin aikawa tsakanin membobin gida.  A dunkule, sun yi kiyasin cewa shirin na fitar da gidaje 194,000 na ƙasar Kenya daga kangin talauci, wanda ya rage kashi 2%.  

## Manazarta
Sara Blakely

**Sara Treleaven Blakely**  (an haife ta a watan Fabrairu 27, 1971) yar kasuwa ce ta Amurka kuma mai ba da taimako. Ita ce ta kafa Spanx, wani kamfani na suturar tufafi na Amurka tare da wando da leggings, wanda aka kafa a Atlanta, Georgia. A cikin 2012, an saka sunan Blakely a cikin jerin "Lokaci 100" na mujallar Time na shekara-shekara na mutane 100 mafi tasiri a duniya. A cikin 2014, an jera ta a matsayin mace ta 93 mafi ƙarfi a duniya ta Forbes.

## Rayuwar Baya da Karatu
An haifi Blakely a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 1971, a Clearwater, Florida. Ita ce 'yar Ellen (née Ford), mai zane-zane, kuma lauyan gwaji, John Blakely. Tana da ɗan'uwa, mai fasaha Ford Blakely. Ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta Clearwater kuma ta sauke karatu daga Jami'ar Jihar Florida tare da digiri na sadarwa, inda ta kasance memba na Delta Delta sorority.

Bayan ɗan gajeren zamanta a Disney, Blakely ta karɓi aiki tare da kamfanin samar da ofishi Danka, inda ta siyar da injin fax gida-gida. Ta yi nasara sosai a tallace-tallace kuma an ƙara ta zuwa mai horar da tallace-tallace ta ƙasa tana da shekara 25. An tilasta mata sanya pantyhose a cikin yanayi mai zafi na Florida saboda rawar da ta taka, Blakely ba ta son bayyanar ƙafar da aka ɗaure yayin da take sanye da buɗaɗɗen takalmi amma tana son yadda samfurin sarrafa saman ya kawar da layin panty kuma ya sa jikinta ya yi ƙarfi. Don halartar wani biki mai zaman kansa, ta yi gwaji ta hanyar yanke ƙafafu na pantyhose ɗinta yayin da take sanye su a ƙarƙashin sabon ƙwanƙwasa kuma ta gano cewa pantyhose ɗin ya ci gaba da naɗe kafafunta, amma kuma ta sami sakamakon da ake so.

## Ajiya
A shekara 27, Blakely ta ƙaura zuwa Atlanta, Georgia, kuma yayin da take aiki a Danka, ta kashe shekaru biyu masu zuwa da ajiyar $5,000 (daidai da $9,300 a cikin 2023) tana bincike da haɓaka tunaninta.

## Manazarta
Vivian Onano

**Vivian Onano** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1991) 'yar gwagwarmaya ce ta Afirka kuma 'yar kasuwan zamantakewa daga ƙasar Kenya wacce ke ba da shawarar ilimin 'ya'ya mata da kawo ƙarshen auren yara a Afirka. Ita ce ta kafa kuma darekta na Leading Light Initiative, kungiyar da ke da nufin kawar da talauci ta hanyar samar da damammaki da ya dace da matasa, mata, da naƙasassu.    

## Ilimi
Vivian ta ci gaba da karatunta a Kwalejin Carthage a Kenosha, Wisconsin  inda ta sami digiri kuma ta ci gaba da karatunta ta hanyar samun Jagoran Harkokin Jama'a daga Sciences Po a Paris.  Ilimin iliminta ya ba ta ilimi da ƙwarewar da ake bukata don magance ƙalubale masu rikitarwa na zamantakewa da ci gaba.  

## Sana'a
An naɗa Vivian mai ba da shawara ga Matasa ga Ƙungiyar  Mata ta Duniya ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya daga shekarun 2014 zuwa 2016. A cikin shekara ta 2019, an naɗa ta a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga matasa ga Rahoton Kula da Ilimi na Duniya na UNESCO,    Ita mamba ce a Majalisar Matasa ta Matasa ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya, mai ba da shawara ga Concordia Afirka, kuma mataimakiyar Shugabar Global. Asusun ƙarfafa Matasa.  

Kwarewarta ta kai ga yin magana da jama'a kan muhimman batutuwan duniya kamar ilimi, daidaiton jinsi, ƙarfafa matasa, da ci gaban ƙasa da ƙasa. Ta gabatar da jawabai masu tasiri a Babban Taron Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya, Dandalin Ba da Agajin Gaggawa na Duniya, Taron Shekara-shekara na Afreximbank, Dandalin Duniya na Reykjavik, Dandalin Kasuwancin Afirka, Dandalin Yankunan Mata na Afirka na Forbes, Babban Taron Innovation na Duniya don Ilimi, Taron Concordia, Dandalin EurAfrican da kuma Clinton Global Initiative. .        Har ila yau, Vivian ta raba ra'ayoyinta ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen da aka buga a cikin shahararrun kafofin watsa labaru a duniya.  

Gudunmawar da ta bayar sun taka rawar gani wajen zaburar da ra'ayoyin matasa a lokacin da aka tsara manufofin ci gaba mai ɗorewa a shekarar 2015. Ta riƙe muƙamai a matsayin mamba memba a DUKE Corporate Education, hukumar gudanarwa na Nutrition International, hukumar gudanarwa na Flying Kites, da kuma memba na African Women Leadership Network. An karrama ta a matsayin 2024 Matashiya ta Jagoranci na Cibiyar Duniya ta Nizami Ganjavi a Azerbaijan.   

## Karramawa
An karrama ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mutane 100 da suka fi tasiri a zuriyar Afirka 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 40 a shekarar 2022, kuma a shekarar 2016 ta fito a cikin New African Woman Magazine's "30 Under 30 Faces Changing Africa Now." Har ila yau, Forbes Woman Africa ta bayyana ta a matsayin "One to watch.    

## Kyauta
An bata kyautar 2017 Sabuwar Matar Afurka Mai Girma 

2016 MTV "An Sake Tunanin Afirka" Kyautar Matasa.  

2015 Misis Michelle Obama lambar yabo ta "Bari 'yan mata su koya" ta MORE Magazine. 

## Manazarta
Zeinabou Mindaoudou Souley

**Zeinabou Mindaoudou Souley** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1964) ƙwararriyace a fannin kimiyyar lissafi 'yar Nijar. Ita ce ke jagorantar kungiyar da ke tattara bayanan da suka wajaba don duba ko an yi gwajin fashewar makamin nukiliya a matsayin wani ɓangare na sa ido kan hana yaɗuwar makaman nukiliya ga kungiyar Yarjejeniyar hana gwajin Nukiliya a Vienna.

## Rayuwa
An haifi Souley a shekara ta 1964 kuma ta sami digiri na farko a Jami'ar Setif a Aljeriya. Ta yi karatun digiri na biyu a fannin sadarwa na gani da lantarki a Jami'ar Limoges kuma an ba ta takardar shaidar digirin kimiyyar lissafi daga Jami'ar Paris13. 

A shekarar 2011 ta fara karantarwa na tsawon shekaru goma a jami'ar Abdou Moumouni dake Yamai. A shekarar 2014 ta zama shugabar hukumar kula da makamashin nukiliya ta Nijar. Kungiyarta ta yi aiki da tashoshin da suka gano gwajin fashewar nukiliya a Nijar.  Nijar ta kafa hukumar kula da makamashin Nukiliya ta kuma zartas da duk wata dokar nukiliya da ta kunshi. 

A shekarar 2018 ta shiga wani taron mata da kimiyya a Nijar inda aka ba da kyaututtuka. Matar shugaban ƙasa Hadjia Aïssata Issoufou Mahamadou, Kadi Alzouma da Djamila Ferdjani. 

A shekarar 2018 an amince da cewa Nijar na cikin matakin farko na fara shirin samar da makamashin nukiliya, amma bisa gayyatar da gwamnati ta yi mata, hukumar kula da makamashin nukiliya ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta gabatar da rahoton kimanta ci gaban da Nijar ta samu kan batutuwa 19 ga ministar makamashi Amina Moumouni. Souley yai kasance shugabar hukumar kula da makamashin nukiliya ta Nijar. 

Ta bar Babban Hukumar Kula da Makamashin Nukiliya ta Nijar a cikin shekara ta 2021 kuma a cikin watan Maris 2021 ta zama Darakta a Cibiyar Kula da Bayanai ta Duniya a Kungiyar Yarjejeniyar Hana gwajin Nukiliya a Vienna. 

A cikin shekara ta 2022 ta ziyarci ƙungiyoyin ƙwararrun Amurka. Ta je Germantown a Maryland don ganin kamfanin da ke samar da hanyar sadarwar bayanai kafin ta ziyarci wani kamfani a Chantilly, Virginia wanda ke gudanar da tashoshin sa ido guda goma sha ɗaya da ke amfani da wasu na'urori masu dacewa da suka haɗa da seismic da kuma gano radionuclides. 

## Manazarta
Nana Wanjau

**Nana Wanjau** 'yar ƙasar Kenya ce mai ba da agaji/taimako da aka fi sani da aikinta a matsayin shugabar kungiyar Rotary Club na Nairobi East da kuma kafa wata kungiya mai zaman kanta ta Power Woman International da ke aiki don taimakawa matan da mazansu suka mutu a Kenya.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Wanjau a ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, 1979,  mahaifin ta ɗan Kenya ne da mahaifiyarta 'yar Tanzaniya.  Tun tana ƙarama, kakarta ta girma a Bukoba, Tanzania. Lokacin da kakanta ya rasu al’ummar sun tilasta wa kakarta barin unguwar saboda matsayin kakarta na takaba.  Bayan ta kammala karatun sakandare, Wanjau ta tafi wurin mahaifiyarta a Lusaka, Zambia. Mahaifiyarta, likita ce, ta sa ta shiga kwalejin likitanci da karatun likitanci. Wanjau ta halarci shirin na tsawon shekara 1 kafin ta bar kwaleji.  Daga baya, ta koma Ivory Coast inda mahaifinta yake, tana da shekaru 21, aikin mahaifinta ya dawo da shi gida, don haka Nana ta zo Kenya ta zauna. 

## Sana'a
Nana Wanjau ta fara aiki a fasahar sadarwa, amma sai ta zama uwar gida.  Ta zama mai sha'awar aikin agaji bayan ta kalli mahaifiyarta da ke gudanar da wani asibiti a Zambia.  Ta shiga kungiyar Rotary a shekarar 2005, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar kungiyar Rotary Club na Nairobi East, Kenya tsawon shekara ɗaya, daga shekarun 2015 har zuwa 2016.    A cikin wannan lokacin ta yi aiki don faɗaɗa ɗakunan karatu a Korogocho,  kuma ta shiga ƙungiyar mutanen da suka hau Dutsen Kilimanjaro don tara kuɗi da bada agaji. 

A cikin watan Janairu 2023, an naɗa ta a matsayin shugaba a Commonwealth Business Women Africa,  kuma a cikin wannan rawar ta yi aiki don haɓaka ilimin dijital ga 'yan mata.  A shekarar 2022 Nana Wanjau ta yi magana game da rawar da kungiyar ke takawa wajen inganta daidaiton jinsi ga mata a Afirka.  Tun daga shekarar 2023, ta kasance babbar jami'ar jinsi a Rukunin Kasuwancin Pan African. 

Bayan ta kammala wa'adinta na shugabar kungiyar Rotary, ta fara aikin Power Women International, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke taimaka wa gwauraye a Kenya.   Kungiyar ta taimaka wa zawarawa su kasance a cikin al’ummarsu ta hanyar gina gidaje da bayar da horo, buƙatar da Wanjau ta gane saboda kwarewarta tun tana ƙarama kuma ta kara bunƙasa a tattaunawar da Wanjau ke yi da matan da mazansu suka mutu. 

Ta kuma kafa Branding Beyond Borders (cibiyar sadarwa don ƙwararru daban-daban), da kuma Saltaway Investments Ltd, wani kamfani na gidaje a Kenya.  

## Girmamawa da kyaututtuka
Wanjau ita ce ta lashe lambar yabo ta shugabancin mata ta Gabashin Afirka ta shekarar 2019.   

## Manazarta
Diane von Fürstenberg

**Diane von Fürstenberg** (an haife ta Diane Simone Michele Halfin; 31 Disamba 1946) mai zanen kayan kwalliyar Belgium ce wacce aka fi sani da suturar ta.  Ta fara yin fice a cikin 1969 lokacin da ta yi aure a gidan sarautar Fürstenberg na Jamus, a matsayin matar Yarima Egon von Fürstenberg. Bayan rabuwar su a 1972 da saki a 1983, ta ci gaba da amfani da sunan danginsa.

Kamfaninta na kayan sawa, Diane von Furstenberg (DvF), yana samuwa a cikin ƙasashe sama da 70 da shaguna masu zaman kansu 45 a duk duniya, tare da hedkwatar kamfanin da otal ɗin flagship dake cikin gundumar Meatpacking na Manhattan.

Ita ce tsohuwar shugabar majalisar masu zanen kaya ta Amurka (CFDA), matsayin da ta rike daga shekarar 2006 zuwa 2019; a cikin 2014 an jera shi a matsayin mace ta 68th mafi ƙarfi a duniya ta Forbes; kuma a cikin An haɗa 2015 a cikin Time 100, a matsayin alama, ta mujallar Time. A cikin 2016, an ba ta digirin girmamawa daga Sabuwar Makaranta. A cikin 2019, an shigar da ita cikin babban dakin taron mata na kasa.

## Shekarun Baya
An haifi Fürstenberg Diane Simone Michele Halfin a Brussels, Belgium, ga iyayen Yahudawa. Mahaifinta, haifaffen Bessarabian Leon (Lipa) Halfin, ya yi ƙaura zuwa Belgium a cikin 1929 daga Chişinău, Masarautar Romania (daga baya Moldova) kuma daga baya ya nemi mafaka daga Nazis a Switzerland. Mahaifiyarta haifaffiyar kasar Girka ce Liliane Nahmias, daga Thessaloniki, wanda ya tsira daga Holocaust, wanda Nazis suka kama shi da farko yayin da ta kasance memba na Resistance a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu. An kai Nahmias da farko zuwa Auschwitz, sannan aka tura ta zuwa Ravensbrück, inda aka ‘yantar da ita watanni 18 kafin haihuwar Fürstenburg. Mai nauyin kilo 44 kawai, likitoci sun gaya wa mahaifiyarta cewa kada ta haifi 'ya'ya, cewa za ta iya mutuwa a lokacin haihuwa, kuma jaririnta ba zai kasance daidai ba. Fürstenberg ta yi magana dalla-dalla game da tasirin mahaifiyarta a rayuwarta, inda ta yaba mata da koya mata cewa "Tsoro ba zabi bane."

Fürstenberg ta halarci makarantar kwana a Oxfordshire. Ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Complutense ta Madrid kafin ta koma Jami'ar Geneva don karantar tattalin arziƙi. Daga nan ta koma Paris kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar wakilin mai daukar hoto Albert Koski. Ta bar Paris zuwa Italiya don ta koyo tare da masana'anta Angelo Ferretti a masana'anta, inda ta koyi game da yanke, launi da masana'anta. A nan ne ta kera da samar da rigunan rigar siliki na farko.

## Aiki da muƙami
Shekara guda da yin aure, Fürstenberg ta fara zayyana kayan mata: “A daidai lokacin da na san cewa zan zama matar Egon, sai na yanke shawarar yin sana’a. Bayan da Fürstenbergs suka rabu a cikin 1973, Egon kuma ya zama mai zanen kaya. Bayan ta koma New York, ta sadu da babbar editan Vogue Diana Vreeland, wacce ta ayyana zanen nata "da gaske". Ta sa aka jera sunanta a kalandar fashion don makon Fashion na New York, don haka aka ƙirƙiri kasuwancinta.[4] Ta ƙaura zuwa wani ƙasa a Connecticut ta suna Cloudwalk, kuma ta zauna a can tun.

## Manazarta
Donna Karan

**Donna Karan** (/ ˈkærən/ KARR-ən; haifaffiyar Donna Ivy Faske), kuma aka sani da DK, ƙwararriyar mai tufafice ƴar Amurka ce kuma mahaliccin Donna Karan New York da alamun tufafin DKNY.

## Rayuwar baya da karatu
An haifi Karan dagamahaifiyar ta Helen "Queenie" Faske (née Rabinowitz) da mahaifin ta Gabriel "Gabby" Faske (an haife shi Faskowitz) a unguwar Forest Hills na gundumar Queens, New York City. Bayahude. Mahaifiyar Karan ta kasance abin koyi kuma ta yi aiki a dakin nunin zanen Chester Weinberg. Mahaifinta tela ne kuma mai haberdasher wanda ya mutu lokacin da Donna ke da shekara uku.

Karan da 'yar uwarta Gail mahaifiyarsu ta rene su a Woodmere, a cikin Garuruwa Biyar na gundumar Nassau, New York. A makarantar sakandare, Karan ta wuce yawancin lokacinta a sashen fasaha. Ta sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Hewlett a 1966, sannan ta tafi Makarantar Zane ta Parsons.

## Aiki
Bayan barin kwaleji, Karan ya yi aiki ga Anne Klein, a ƙarshe ya zama shugabar ƙungiyar ƙirar Anne Klein, inda ta kasance har zuwa 1984, lokacin da ta ƙaddamar da lakabin Donna Karan.

Karan ta fara aikinta a matsayin mataimakiyar zane tare da Anne Klein a ƙarshen 1960s, inda aka ƙara mata girma zuwa abokiyar ƙira a cikin 1971. A matsayin mataimakiyar Klein, Karan ta kasance ɗan takara a cikin Yaƙin Versailles Fashion Show a ranar 28 ga Nuwamba, 1973. Lokacin da Klein da kanta. ta mutu a shekara ta 1974, Takihyo Corporation ta Japan ta zama sabon mai kuma Karan, tare da tsohon abokin karatunta. kuma abokin Louis Dell'Olio, ya zama shugaban mai tsara gidan. A cikin 1984, Karan ya bar Anne Klein kuma, tare da mijinta na lokacin Stephan Weiss da Takihyo Corporation, sun fara kasuwancin nasu "don tsara tufafin zamani ga mutanen zamani". Ta nuna tarin tufafin mata na farko a 1985.

Karan ta shahara da layinta na 'Essentials', da farko tana bayar da guda bakwai masu sauki a hade a jikin rigar jiki wanda duk za'a iya hadawa da juna, sannan ta kirkiro rigar rigar gaba daya da First Collection a shekarar 1985. Karan ya dage akan cewa zata zana kaya kawai. kamar rigunan riga da rigunan rigar rigar lycra da za ta sa kanta.

## Manazarta
Vera Wang

**Vera Ellen Wang** (Sinanci: 王薇薇; pinyin: Wáng Wēiwēi; an haife ta a watan Yuni 27, 1949) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka. Wang da farko ta bi sana'a a wasan tseren ƙanƙara kafin ta koma salo. Ta yi aiki da Vogue da Ralph Lauren kafin ta ƙaddamar da nata kantin kayan amarya a 1990.

Wang ta sami karbuwa a duniya saboda zanen suturar aurenta. Manyan jarumai da dama ne suka sa rigarta. Ta faɗaɗa alamarta ta haɗa da kayan sawa, kayan haɗi, kamshi, da kayan gida. A cikin Disamba na 2024, Wang ta sayar da alamar sunan ta bayan shekaru 35 a cikin kasuwanci ga WHP Global.

## Rayuwar baya
An haifi Vera Ellen Wang a watan Yuni 27, 1949, a cikin Birnin New York ga iyayen kasar Sin da suka yi hijira zuwa Amurka a tsakiyar 1940s. Mahaifiyarta, Florence Wu (Wu Chifang), ta yi aiki a matsayin mai fassara na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, yayin da mahaifinta, Cheng Ching Wang (Wang Chengqing), wanda ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Yanjing da MIT, ya mallaki kamfanin magani, ta kuma rike mukamai kamar haka: Darakta, Kamfanin Man Fetur na Singapore Pte. Ltd., Shugaban & Shugaban, Oceanic Petroleum Corporation, Shugaban & Shugaban, Oceanic Petroleum (Asia) Corporation, Shugaban & Shugaban taron koli Group of Companies (yanzu US Summit Company), Shugaban Vera Wang Group 1990-1998. Wang tana da ɗan'uwa ɗaya, Kenneth, wanda memba ne na MIT Corporation, kwamitin amintattu wanda ke mulkin Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts.

## Aiki
An dauki Wang aiki don zama edita a Vogue nan da nan bayan kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Sarah Lawrence, wanda ya sa ta zama edita mafi ƙaranci a waccan mujalla. Ta zauna a Vogue tsawon shekaru 17, ta bar a 1987 don shiga Ralph Lauren, wanda ta yi aiki na tsawon shekaru biyu. Tana da shekaru 40, ta yi murabus kuma ta zama mai tsara suturar amarya mai zaman kanta.

Wang ta yi rigunan aure ga manyan mutane kamar Hayley Williams, Ariana Grande, Vanessa Hudgens, Chelsea Clinton, Karenna Gore, Ivanka Trump, Campbell Brown, Alicia Keys, Mariah Carey, Victoria Beckham, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Avril Lavigne, Hilary Duff, Khloe Kardashian, da Kim Kardashian. Wang ta fara zama kamar yadda aka fi saninta da kyawawan rigunan aure. Michelle Obama ta sanya suturar maraice ta Wang.

Hotunan skaters waɗanda suka sa tufafin da Wang ta tsara a wasannin Olympics na lokacin hunturu sun haɗa da Nancy Kerrigan (1992 da 1994), Michelle Kwan (1998 da 2002), Evan Lysacek (2010), da Nathan Chen (2018 da 2022). An shigar da Wang cikin babban dakin wasan motsa jiki na Amurka a shekara ta 2009 saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga wasanni a matsayin mai zanen kaya. Ta tsara kayan aikin da ’yan wasan Philadelphia Eagles Cheerleaders ke sawa.

## Rayuwar gida
A cikin Yuni 1989, Wang ya auri mai saka hannun jari Arthur P. Becker a cikin bikin Baftisma da addinin Yahudawa. Suna da 'ya'ya mata guda biyu, dukkansu an karbe su. A cikin Yuli 2012, ma'auratan sun ba da sanarwar rabuwarsu.

## Manazarta
Tyra Banks

**Tyra Lynne Banks** (an haife ta Disamba 4, 1973), kuma aka sani da BanX, haifaffiyar Amurka ce, mai gabatarwa, marubuciya, kuma yar wasan kwaikwayo. An haife ta a Inglewood, California, ta fara aikinta a matsayin abin koyi tun tana da shekaru 15 kuma ita ce mace Baƙar fata ta farko da aka fito a cikin fasfo na GQ da Batun Wasannin Swimsuit, wanda ta bayyana sau uku. Banks ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƴan ƙirar Baƙi don cimma matsayin Supermodel. Ta kasance Mala'ikan Sirrin Victoria daga 1997 zuwa 2005. A farkon shekarun 2000, Banks tana ɗaya daga cikin samfuran duniya masu samun kuɗi.

Banks ta fara aiki a talabijin a cikin sitcom The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air (1993) kuma ta fara fitowa fim dinta a cikin wasan kwaikwayo mafi girma (1995). A cikin 2000, tana da manyan ayyukan fina-finai, kamar Hauwa'u a cikin Girman Rayuwar Channel na Disney da Zoe a cikin akwatin akwatin buga Coyote Ugly. Banks tana da ƙaramin matsayi a cikin fim ɗin wasanni na soyayya Love & Kwando (2000), fim ɗin ban tsoro Halloween: tashin matattu (2002), da kuma a cikin jerin talabijin Gossip Girl (2009) da Glee (2013).

## Shekarun baya da karatu
Tyra Lynne Banks  an haife ts a Inglewood, California, a ranar 4 ga Disamba, 1973. Mahaifiyarta, Carolyn London (yanzu London-Johnson), mai daukar hoto ce ta likita, kuma mahaifinta, Donald Banks, mashawarcin kwamfuta ne. Tana da ɗan'uwa, Devin, wanda ya girmi shekaru biyar. A cikin 1979, lokacin da Banks ke da shekaru shida, iyayenta sun sake su. Banks ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta John Burroughs kuma t kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1991 daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Zuciya a Los Angeles. Banks ta ce yayin da take girma, an yi mata ba'a saboda bayyanarta kuma an dauke ta a matsayin "mummunan duckling"; lokacin da Banks ke da shekaru 11, ta girma inci uku kuma ta rasa kilo 30 a cikin watanni uku. A kan Model na gaba na Amurka, Bankuna sun tattauna sakamakon gwajin DNA na asali na Ancestry.com wanda ya ba ta sakamakon "79% na Afirka, 14% na Biritaniya, da 6% 'Yan asalin Amurka". A cikin wata hira, ta kara da cewa ita ma "1% Finnish ce", tana mai cewa: "Ni 14% Bature ne, 6% Ba'amurke ne, 1% Finnish, da sauran sauran Afirka." A cikin Fabrairu 2012, Banks ta kammala kwas na mako tara a Jami'ar Harvard's Owner/Shugaban Gudanar da tsarin tsawaita karatun digiri.

## Tallafawa
Banks ta kafa shirin TZONE, wanda ke da nufin jagoranci da haɓaka ƙwarewar rayuwa. Ta kuma kafa makarantar Tyra Banks Scholarship, asusun da ke da nufin samarwa 'yan matan Amurkawa 'yan Afirka damar halartar almajiranta, Immaculate Heart High School. A cikin 2005, TZONE ya rikide daga sansanin zuwa sadaka ta jama'a, Tyra Banks TZONE.

## Manazarta
Ncumisa Kondlo

**Ncumisa Chwayita Kondlo** (an haife ta ne a ranar 27 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1958 - ta mutu a ranar 24 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2008) ƴar siyasa ce kuma ƴar gwagwarmaya ta Afirka ta Kudu. Ta kasance mamba a majalisar wakilan Afirka kuma mataimakiyar shugabar kuma mamba a kwamitin tsakiya na jam'iyyar gurguzu ta Afirka ta Kudu . 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Kondlo a ranar 27 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1958. Ta halarci Jami'ar Fort Hare da Jami'ar Rhodes . 

Ta kasance mai fafutuka ta siyasa wacce ta rayu cikin tsarin mulkin wariyar launin fata kuma ta ga, da idon basira, yanayin rayuwa mara kyau na 'yan kasarta. 

Jerin wasu kungiyoyin da ta shiga ciki sun haɗa da jam'iyyar African National Congress (ANC), jam'iyyar gurguzu ta Afrika ta kudu, kungiyar daliban Azaniya, da kuma kungiyar matasan Afirka ta Kudu .  

Kondlo ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Majalisar Zartarwa (MEC) mai kula da walwala a gwamnatin lardin Gabashin Cape.

Ta mutu a ranar 24 ga Maris 2008. A lokacin rasuwarta ita ce shugabar jam'iyyar ANC a majalisar dokokin kasar. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Afirka ta Kudu da suka mutu a kan mukamansu

## Manazarta
John Gomomo

**Phumzile John Gomomo** (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1945 - ya mutu a ranar 22 ga watan janairu na shekarar 2008) ɗan ƙungiyar tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu ne kuma ɗan gwagwarmaya.

## Fage da aiki
An haifi Phumzile John Gomomo a gona a Adelaide a ranar 25 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 1945, ɗaya daga cikin yara bakwai da marigayi Ndabeni (Mnzotho) da Nonga Stofile (Mpondo) suka haifa. Ya yi karatun firamare a Ntlaka Lower Primary School da Marry Mount High School. Ya bar makaranta a mataki na 6 (aji 8) saboda rashin yali, kuma daga baya ya kammala karatunsa ta hanyar kwasa-kwasan wasiƙa. Gomomo ya gudanar da ayyukan masana'antu da yawa a Uitenhage. A shekarar 1977, ya shiga ƙungiyar ma’aikatan motoci ta United, wadda daga baya ta haɗe da wasu ƙungiyoyin suka zama ƙungiyar ma’aikatan motoci da haɗin gwiwa ta ƙasa (NAAWU).

Yana aiki a Volkswagen a matsayin mai walda lokacin da ya zama shugaban kwamitin kula da shagunan masana'antar, inda ya jagoranci yajin aikin da aka yi a shekarar 1980 da 1982. An zaɓe shi shugaban shiyya na kungiyar ƙwadago ta Afirka ta Kudu me suna (FOSATU), wadda NAAWU ke da alaƙa da ita. A cikin shekarar 1986 ya kasance cikin tawagar Congress of African Trade Unions (COSATU) tawagar da suka gana da African National Congress (ANC) a Lusaka, kuma a shekarar 1989 ya sake kasancewa a cikin wata ƙungiya me suna COSATU da ta yi wa Nelson Mandela bayani a kurkuku.

Ya kasance memba na kwamitin kafa COSATU a shekarar 1985,   kuma ya kasance shugaban wannan kungiyar daga shekarar 1991 zuwa shekarar 1999.

## Mutuwa
Gomomo ya mutu a cikin shekara ta 2008 a Adelaide kuma an binne shi a can. Jana'izar sa ya samu halartar shugaban jam'iyyar ANC na lokacin Jacob Zuma da kuma shugaban Afirka ta Kudu na lokacin Thabo Mbeki da sauran manyan baki.

## Manazarta
Karlie Kloss

**Karlie Elizabeth Kloss** (an haife ta watan Agusta 3, 1992) ƴar Amurka ce. Ta kasance Mala'ikan Sirrin Victoria daga 2013 har zuwa 2015, lokacin da ta yi murabus don yin karatu a Jami'ar New York. Ya zuwa 2019, Kloss ta bayyana akan murfin Vogue 40 na duniya.

Baya ga yin samfuri, Kloss tana da sha'awar fasaha. Ta kafa sansanin "Kode with Klossy", wanda ke da nufin samun 'yan mata matasa masu sha'awar filayen STEM. A cikin 2019, ta zama mai masaukin baki na gasa ta gaskiya jerin talabijin Project Runway. Ta sanya hannu tare da manyan hukumomin ƙirar ƙira da yawa a duk lokacin aikinta, gami da Elite Model Management, Gudanarwa na gaba, IMG Models, da Societyungiyar.

## Rayuwar baya da karatu
An haifi Karlie Elizabeth Kloss a watan Agusta 3, 1992, a Chicago, Illinois zuwa Tracy Kloss (née Fares), darektar fasaha mai zaman kanta, da Kurt Kloss, likitan gaggawa. Tana da 'yan'uwa mata guda uku:  wata babbar 'yar'uwa mai suna Kristine da kanne mata tagwaye masu suna Kimberly da Kariann. Ta ƙaura zuwa St. Louis, Missouri, tare da danginta a cikin 1994. A cikin 2013, dangin sun ƙaura zuwa Goshen, New York don tallafa mata aikin ƙirar ƙira.

Kloss ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta Webster Groves a Webster Groves, Missouri, inda ta kasance mai fara'a a lokacin sabuwar shekararta kuma ta kammala karatunta a 2011. A cikin Satumba 2015, ta shiga cikin Gallatin School of Dividualized Study a Jami'ar New York.

## Aikin tallan kayan ƙawa

### 2006–2010: Farko da ci gaban ƙirar ƙira
An gano Kloss a wurin nunin titin jirgin sama na gida a cikin 2005. A cikin 2006, tana da shekaru 14, ta gabatar da mai daukar hoto David Leslie Anthony a cikin murfin bango da yada edita mai taken "Kusan Shahararriya," don fitowar Yuni na Mujallar Scene. Elite Model Management Chicago ta aika da zanen hawayenta zuwa ofishinsu na New York, wanda ya sanya mata hannu.

Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan ƙirar ta na farko shine harbi ga Kids Abercrombie na Bruce Weber. A cikin Janairu 2008, ta bar Elite Model Management kuma ta sanya hannu tare da Gudanarwa na gaba. Ta yi tafiya 31 runways a New York Fashion Week, tafiya a matsayin keɓaɓɓen don Calvin Klein, rufewa don Marc Jacobs, buɗewa ga Carolina Herrera, kuma ta mamaye wuraren biyu a Doo.Ri. Bayan New York, ta yi wasan nunin 20 a Milan da 13 a cikin Paris don tarin faɗuwar 2008, jimlar nunin 64 a cikin kakar wasa ɗaya.

## Manazarta
Ashley Graham

**Ashley Graham Ervin** (an haife ta Oktoba 30, 1987) ƴar Amurka ce kuma mai gabatar da talabijin. Graham ta fara fitowa a kan bangon Labarin Wasannin Wasanni na Wasanni a cikin 2016. Bayan shekara guda, ta buga littafinta na farko, Sabon Model: Abin da Amincewa, Kyau, da Ƙarfin Gaske Kama, wanda ke ba da gudummawar shawararta a cikin ƙimar jiki. da motsin hadawa.

## Shekarun baya
An haifi Graham a ranar 30 ga Oktoba, 1987 a matsayin babbar 'yar'uwa mata uku. Lokacin da take makarantar sakandare, ita da danginta sun ƙaura zuwa Lincoln, Nebraska. Ta halarci makarantar Middle Scott daga 1999 zuwa 2002 da makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln Southwest daga 2002 zuwa 2005. Tun tana matashiya, an gano ta tana da ADHD da dyslexia.

A cikin 2000, hukumar I & I ta leko Graham yayin sayayya a Oak View Mall a Omaha, Nebraska.

## Aiki
Graham ta fara yin ƙira tana ɗan shekara 12. A cikin 2001, ta sanya hannu tare da Wilhelmina Models bayan halartar taron samfuri. A cikin 2003, ta koma Ford Models. A lokacin aikinta na farko, ta fito a mujallar YM. A cikin Afrilu 2007, Sally Singer na Mujallar Vogue ce ta bayyana ta. Ta bayyana a cikin fitowar Oktoba 2009 na editan Glamour "Wadannan Jikunan suna Kyawawa a Kowane Girma", tare da ƙarin samfuran Kate Dillon Levin, Amy Lemons, Lizzie Miller, Crystal Renn, Jennie Runk, da Anansa Sims. A cikin 2010, Graham ta bayyana a cikin wata rigima. Lane Bryant TV talla. Kasuwancin ta sami ra'ayoyi sama da 800,000 akan YouTube kuma gidajen labarai sun rufe su kamar The Huffington Post da New York Post. A ranar 31 ga Mayu, 2010, ta bayyana a Nunin Daren Yau tare da Jay Leno don magance takaddamar. Ta tsara don irin waɗannan masu zane-zane na duniya kamar Prabal Gurung, Michael Kors, Love Mag, Dolce da Gabbana, H&M, Tommy Hilfiger, Rag & Bone, da Christian Siriano.

## Rayuwar gida
Graham ta shiga aikin mishan a Afirka ta Kudu tare da Themba Foundation.

A cikin 2023, ta ba da gudummawa ga yakin neman zaben shugaban kasa na Robert F. Kennedy Jr. 2024.

Ta sadu da mijinta, Justin Ervin, mai daukar hoto, a coci a 2009; sun yi aure shekara mai zuwa. A watan Agusta 2019, Graham da Ervin sun ba da sanarwar cewa suna tsammanin ɗansu na farko.

## Manazarta