Tahar Zbiri

**Tahar Zbiri** (4 Afrilu 1929 – 30 Oktoba 2024) wani jami’in sojan Aljeriya ne, wanda aka fi sani da rawar da ya taka a fagen soji da ci gaban siyasar ƙasar bayan samun ‘yancin kai, musamman shigarsa a yunkurin juyin mulkin da aka yi wa gwamnatin shugaba Houari Boumédiène a shekarar 1967. 

Zbiri ya yi aiki a rundunar sojojin ƙasar Aljeriya a matsayin kanar, matsayi mafi girma da ya wanzu a zamanin gwamnatin Houari Boumédiène, shugaban ƙasa na biyu.  Zbiri ya jagoranci yunkurin juyin mulkin da bai yi nasara ba kan shugaba Houari Boumédiène a shekara ta 1967 bayan ya shiga hannun sojoji a shekarar 1965. 

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Zbiri a ranar 4 ga watan Afrilu 1929,   a Sedrata, Algeria.  

A farkon shekarun 1950, Zbiri ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban tawagar a ma’adinan Ouenza, inda ya samu gogewa sosai a harkokin hada-hadar kasuwanci ta hanyar shigarsa da Union générale des syndicats algériens (CGT) wato kungiyar kwadago ta Faransa. Tarihinsa na haɗin kai ya sa ya shiga ƙungiyar masu kishin ƙasa a ƙarƙashin Parti du Peuple Algérien –Mouvement pour le Triomphe des Libertés Democratiques (PPA-MTLD). 

A ranar 1 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1954, wato ranar da aka fara yakin samun 'yancin kai a ƙasar Aljeriya, Zbiri ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen shirya zanga-zangar ɗauke da makamai a yankin Guelma.  A cikin shekarar 1955, hukumomin mulkin mallaka na Faransa sun kama shi tare da yanke masa hukuncin kisa, amma sun sami nasarar tserewa daga kurkukun Constantine a watan Nuwamba 1955, tare da Mostefa Ben Boulaïd, wani fitaccen jagoran juyin juya hali na Aljeriya.  Bayan tserewarsa, Zbiri ya shiga Armée de Libération Nationale (ALN), reshen soja na National Liberation Front (FLN), kuma ya zama jami'in Aurès maquis. A shekara ta 1959, Zbiri ya samu matsayi mai girma, aka naɗa shi mamba a majalisar juyin juya halin Aljeriya (CNRA), inda ya kai matsayin kanar. Daga shekarun 1960 zuwa 1962, ya yi aiki a matsayin kwamandan Wilaya I (yankin Aurès), daya daga cikin muhimman yankunan soji a gwagwarmayar 'yantar da Aljeriya.  A cikin shekarar 1962, yayin da Aljeriya ta kusa samun 'yancin kai, Zbiri ya sauƙaƙe haɗakar 'yan tawaye daga Wilaya I tare da sansanin siyasa a Tlemcen, wanda ya kasance tare da Ahmed Ben Bella, wanda zai zama shugaban farko na Aljeriya mai 'yanci. 

Bayan da Aljeriya ta samu 'yancin kai, an naɗa Zbiri ya zama kwamandan yankin soji na 5 kuma ya taka rawar gani wajen sake fasalin sabuwar rundunar sojojin ƙasar Aljeriya (ANP). A shekarar 1963, Zbiri ya samu muƙamin babban hafsan hafsoshin sojojin kasa, yayin da yake riƙe da muƙamin Kanal, wanda shi ne mafi girman muƙamin soja a lokacin. A wannan lokacin, Kanar Houari Boumédiène ya riƙe muƙamin ministan tsaro.  Zbiri ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a juyin mulkin soja na shekarar 1965, wanda ya hambarar da shugaba Ahmed Ben Bella kuma ya kawo Houari Boumédiène kan mulki. Bayan juyin mulkin, Zbiri ya zama mamba na majalisar juyin juya hali, hukumar da gwamnatin Boumédiène ta kafa. 

A matsayinsa na babban mai goyon bayan gurguzu da dimokraɗiyya, Zbiri ya yanke ƙauna da alkiblar jagorancin soja. A cikin watan Disamba 1967, ya yi adawa da abin da ya gane a matsayin mayar da maquisards (mayaƙa daga yakin Aljeriya na 'yancin kai) a cikin ANP, da kuma fifikon fifiko da aka ba wa tsoffin tsoffin sojojin Faransa. Rashin gamsuwarsa da waɗannan abubuwan da ke faruwa a ƙarshe ya kai ga yunkurin juyin mulkin da ya yi wa Boumédiène daga baya a wannan watan.   Yunkurin juyin mulkin bai daɗe ba kuma a karshe bai yi nasara ba. Sojojin Boumédiène sun murkushe tawayen, kuma an tilastawa Zbiri gudu zuwa gudun hijira. 

## Bayan Rayuwa da mutuwa
Bayan juyin mulkin da bai yi nasara ba, Zbiri ya kwashe shekaru da dama yana ɓuya da gudun hijira.  Akwai taƙaitaccen bayani game da ayyukansa a wannan lokacin, kodayake an ba da rahoton cewa ya shafe lokaci a ƙasashe makwabta.  Daga karshe dai an kyale Zbiri ya koma ƙasar Aljeriya, duk da cewa tasirinsa a siyasar ƙasar ya ragu matuka bayan juyin mulkin da bai yi nasara ba. 

Shekarun da Zbiri ya yi a baya sun kasance da wani yanayi na dimuwa, domin ya kasance ba ya cikin idon jama’a, kuma bai sake taka wata muhimmiyar rawa a fagen siyasar Aljeriya ko soja ba. 

Zbiri ya mutu a Algiers a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2024, yana da shekaru 95. 

## Gado
An ɗauki Zbiri a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun mutane a tarihin ƙasar Aljeriya saboda yunkurinsa na ƙalubalantar kafa siyasa da soja a lokacin da ake samun haɗin kai ga sabuwar ƙasa mai cin gashin kanta.  Ana kallon rawar da ya taka a fagen gwagwarmayar mulki da ɓangaranci wanda ya nuna farkon shekarun da Aljeriya ta samu 'yancin kai. 

## Manazarta