Paul Löbe

**Paul Gustav Emil Löbe** (14 Disamba 1875 - 3 Agusta 1967) ɗan siyasan Jamus ne na Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), memba kuma shugaban Reichstag na Jamhuriyar Weimar, kuma memba na Bundestag na Jamus ta Yamma . Ya mutu a Bonn a shekarar 1967.

## Yaron yaro a lokacin yakin duniya na
Löbe ya kasance memba na SPD tun daga shekara ta 1895. A shekara ta 1898 ya kafa kungiyar SPD ta Ilmenau a Thuringia . A shekara ta 1899 ya zama shugaban SPD a gundumar tsakiyar Silesia wanda ya hada da Breslau kuma an zabe shi a gwamnatin birnin Breslau a shekara ta 1904.

Tsakanin hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku guda biyu na watanni da yawa, Löbe ya yi alkawarin aure ga Clara Schaller (1879-1964), 'yar asalin Liegnitz, kuma ya auri ta a shekara ta 1901. Suna da ɗa ɗaya. Saboda cutar huhu da ta hana shi yin rubutu, Löbe bai shiga yakin duniya na ba.

## Jamhuriyar Weimar

Tsakanin 1904 da 1919 Löbe ya kasance a cikin majalisar birni ta Breslau kuma daga 1915 zuwa 1920 memba na majalisar dokokin lardin () na Silesia . A lokacin Juyin Juya Halin Jamus na 1918-1919 Löbe ya ki shiga Majalisar Wakilai ta Jama'a, kungiya ta wucin gadi a karkashin Friedrich Ebert (SPD) wacce ta jagoranci kasar a lokacin watanni masu rikitarwa bayan yakin, saboda ya ji kansa "har yanzu bai isa ya shirya irin wannan aikin ba". A cikin zaben Janairu 1919, na farko a Jamus tare da cikakken izini ga mata da maza, an zabi Löbe a Majalisar Dokokin Weimar, ƙungiyar 'yan majalisa da ta rubuta kundin tsarin mulkin Jamhuriyar Weimar kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin Reichstag na wucin gadi na Jamus. A watan Yunin 1919 ya zama daya daga cikin mataimakan shugaban majalisa. Ya kasance memba na Reichstag daga Jamhuriyar Weimar ta farko da ke zaune a 1920 har zuwa 1933. A shekara ta 1921 ya kuma zama memba na Majalisar Jiha ta Prussian (). Daga 1920 zuwa 1924 (lokacin zabe na farko) kuma daga 1925 zuwa 1932 (lokacin zaben na uku zuwa na biyar) ya kasance shugaban Reichstag, matsayin da ke da alhakin kiyayewa da shirya mulkin kai na Reichstag. A cikin 1919 da 1920 ya yi ƙoƙari ya cimma fahimtar juna tare da ɓangaren matsakaici na Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (USPD), mai adawa da yaƙi kuma mafi kusantar hagu na SPD wanda ya rabu a 1917; ya koma SPD a 1922. Bayan Ebert ya mutu a 1925, Löbe ya ki amincewa da tayin jam'iyyarsa na tsaya takara a matsayin dan takarar SPD a Zaben shugaban kasa da mai ra'ayin mazan jiya Paul von Hindenburg wanda ya lashe a zagaye na biyu. Löbe ya ga matsayinsa ya kasance a cikin majalisa. Daga 1932 zuwa 1933 (lokacin zabe na 7) ya kasance mataimakin shugaban Reichstag.

A cikin aikinsa a matsayin shugaban Reichstag, musamman bayan Oktoba 1930, Löbe ya fuskanci rikice-rikice sau da yawa a lokacin zaman Reichstag، mafi yawansu sun fito ne daga Nazis da Jam'iyyar Kwaminis (KPD). Löbe ya sadu da ƙalubalen tare da cakuda haƙuri da tsananin aiwatar da tsari a kan mataimakan mutum.

A madadin SPD, ya yi magana don amincewa da karɓar Poland. A shekara ta 1927 ya tafi Warsaw da Lodz don tattaunawa da 'yan siyasa na Poland. Ya gaya musu cewa bai kamata kasashen biyu su sake yin yaƙi da juna a siyasa ba amma ya kamata su hada kai a tattalin arziki. Ya ba da shawarar tattaunawa kan batutuwan kan iyaka da ake jayayya da su wanda Reich na Jamus zai iya ba da yarjejeniyar kasuwanci. A Lodz, duk da haka, inda aka gayyaci Löbe zuwa bikin tunawa da 'yan jam'iyyar Social Democrats na yankin, 'yan kasar Poland sun nuna adawa da ziyararsa. Har ila yau, mutanen da ke cikin jagorancin Warsaw da ya yi magana da su ba su amsa shawararsa ba. Bayan tafiyar ya koka game da rashin son yin sulhu a bangaren Poland.

Yayin da fasahar rediyo ta ci gaba, tambayar yadda ya kamata a watsa shirye-shiryen Reichstag a rediyo ta taso sau da yawa. A cikin jawabinsa na rediyo na 12 Yuni 1930, Löbe ya ba da shawarar jinkirta "sake watsa shirye-shirye na musamman masu muhimmanci" wanda duk masu magana da jam'iyya za su bayyana kusan tsawon lokaci ɗaya, amma mafi yawan Majalisar Dattawa ta Reichstag, jikin da ke hulɗa da batutuwan tsari, sun yi adawa da shi.

A lokacin Weimar Löbe ya kasance mai aiki a cikin kungiyoyi da yawa a waje da majalisa. Daga 1921 zuwa 1933 ya kasance shugaban kungiyar Austro-German People's League, wanda ya ba da shawarar haɗa Austria da Jamusanci.[1] Ya kasance tare da 'yan siyasa kamar Firayim Minista na Faransa Aristide Briand, shugaban Czech Edvard Beneš, Austrian Ignaz Seipel da kuma shugaban Jamus ta Yamma Konrad Adenauer a cikin Tarayyar Turai, wanda aka kafa a 1922. Löbe ya kasance shugaban reshen Jamus na wani lokaci. Ya kasance memba na Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold (Reich banner black-red-gold), ƙungiyar jam'iyyun da aka kafa a 1924 don kare dimokuradiyya ta majalisa a Jamhuriyar Weimar . A cikin 1932 da 1933 ya kasance editan jaridar SPD ta Vorwärts .

## Manazarta