Leonora O'Reilly

**Leonora O'Reilly** (16 ga Fabrairu, 1870 - 3 ga Afrilu, 1927) 'Yar Amurka ce mai rajin kare hakkin mata, mai rajin kare hakkin mata, kuma mai shirya kungiyar kwadago . An haifi O'Reilly a jihar New York, ta girma a Lower East Side na Manhattan a birnin New York. An haife ta a cikin iyali masu aiki kuma ta bar makaranta tana da shekaru 11 don fara aiki a matsayin mai dinki. Iyayen Leonora O'Reilly 'yan asalin Ireland ne da suka tsere wa Babban Yunwa ; mahaifinta, John, firinta ne kuma mai sayar da kayan abinci kuma ya mutu yayin da Leonora ke da shekaru ɗaya, wanda ya tilasta wa mahaifiyarta, Winifred Rooney O'Reilly, yin aiki na tsawon sa'o'i a matsayin mai sayar da tufafi don tallafawa Leonora da ƙanenta. 

O'Reilly ta yi aiki daga 1903 zuwa 1915 a matsayin mai shiryawa da kuma mai daukar ma'aikata ga Ƙungiyar Ƙwadago ta Mata (WTUL). A titunan New York, O'Reilly ta yi jawabi a bainar jama'a don gyaran ma'aikata da kuma zaɓen mata; ƙwarewarta ta ba ta damar wakiltar mata a 1911 a Kwamitin Majalisar Dattawa kan Zaɓen 'Yan Takara na New York da kuma a ɗakunan taro daban-daban na jama'a. 

## Rayuwar kai da ta iyali

### Rayuwar iyali
Leonora O'Reilly 'yar John O'Reilly ce, wani firinta kuma memba na ƙungiyar Knights of Labour, da Winifred (Rooney) O'Reilly, wani mai gyaran tufafi ɗan asalin ƙasar Ireland. John O'Reilly ya mutu lokacin da Leonora ke da shekara ɗaya.  Bayan rasuwarsa, Winifred O'Reilly ta kula da kanta da yaron ta hanyar dinki da ɗaukar masu gyaran gida.

O'Reilly ta raka mahaifiyarta zuwa taruka a Cooper Union kuma abokin mahaifinta, Victor Drury, ya taimaka mata wajen fahimtar Giuseppe Mazzini, ɗan ƙasar Italiya mai kishin ƙasa. O'Reilly ta kasance cikin waɗanda suka yi tasiri a cikinta, firist mai tsattsauran ra'ayi na Katolika kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a, Fr. Edward McGlynn da kuma ɗan adawa Peter Kropotkin .

Leonora da Winifred O'Reilly duk sun zama mazauna Brooklyn .

A shekarar 1907, Leonora O'Reilly, wacce ba ta taɓa yin aure ba, ta ɗauki ɗa, Alice. Alice ta mutu a shekarar 1911. 

### Rayuwa ta sirri
A lokacin da take da shekaru 16, O'Reilly ta shiga ƙungiyar Comte Synthetic Circle, wata ƙungiyar da ke koyar da kanta a yankin Lower East Side na Manhattan. Ta wannan rukunin, O'Reilly ta haɗu da mai ba ta shawara, Victor Drury . Drury ƙwararriyar masaniya ce 'yar asalin Faransa, mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ma'aikata, kuma mai tsattsauran ra'ayi; ya gabatar da O'Reilly ga littattafai da yawa waɗanda suka taimaka mata wajen biyan rashin iliminta na yau da kullun. 

A shekara ta 1898, Leonora O'Reilly ta ɗauki darussan fasaha a Cibiyar Pratt da ke New York inda ta kammala karatunta a shekara ta 1900.  Wani attajiri mai taimakon jama'a a Boston mai suna ya tallafa mata a wannan da sauran ayyukan, wanda a shekara ta 1897 ya ba O'Reilly albashin shekara-shekara, wanda ya ba ta damar barin aikin albashi don gudanar da ayyukan yi na cikakken lokaci. A shekara ta 1909, O'Reilly ta shiga cikin Yaƙin Shirtwaist na New York, Juyin Juya Halin 20,000. A wani ɓangare na martanin da ta yi tunanin cin amanar mata masu kuɗi ne da magoya bayan ma'aikatan Shirwaist suka yi, a shekara ta 1910, O'Reilly ta zama memba na Jam'iyyar Gurguzu ta New York . 

Duk da haka, ta ci gaba da kasancewa mai goyon bayan haƙƙin mata da kuma zaɓen mata. A shekarar 1912, O'Reilly ta kafa ƙungiyar masu karɓar albashi ta Wage Earners Suffrage League, "reshen masana'antu" na ƙungiyar mata masu neman 'yancin kai, kuma ta yi kira da a ƙara samun albashi mai kyau wanda mata masu matsakaicin matsayi da yawa ba za su iya goyon baya ba. O'Reilly tana da shirin 'daidaitaccen albashi don daidaiton aiki' don ƙungiyar bayan sun yi kuskure a ƙoƙarinsu. [1] O'Reilly ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar masu karɓar albashi ta Wage Earner's Suffrage League daga 1911 zuwa 1912. A cikin wannan matsayin ta yi aiki a matsayin mai bincike na sa kai ga ƙungiyar Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire ta 1911.

A shekarar 1912, an naɗa O'Reilly a matsayin Shugabar Kwamitin Masana'antu na Jam'iyyar Mata Masu Zaɓen Fice ta Birnin New York. 

An yi wa O'Reilly laƙabi da 'mai tayar da zaune tsaye,' ta yi aiki don ƙarfafa muryar ma'aikata mata, maimakon tallafawa muradun su a kan dandamalin jama'a kawai. Lokacin da take magana game da ma'aikatan mata da aka hana su 'yancin aiki, sau da yawa tana kiran su da 'mata masu hankali' da 'mata masu tunani' saboda haka ne O'Reilly ta ɗauke su, duk da ƙa'idodin zamantakewa na ubanni waɗanda a lokacin ba su yi wa mata tunani mai kyau ba.  An bayyana wannan a cikin jawaban ta, amma musamman a cikin jawabin ta na 1896 mai taken "Ƙungiya" inda ta mai da hankali sosai kan samar wa rukunin ma'aikata marasa gata yanayin sanin aji a kan manyan masana'antu, wanda O'Reilly ta ji ya yi amfani da aikinsu mai wahala. 

## Manazarta