Neptune

**Neptune** ita ce duniya ta takwas daga Rana kuma mafi nisa da aka sani a cikin tsarin hasken rana￼￼. Ita ce duniya ta huɗu mafi girma a cikin Tsarin Rana ta hanyar diamita, duniya mafi girma ta uku, kuma mafi girman ƙaton duniya . Yana da girma sau 17&nbsp;  na Duniya, (ya ninka duniya day 17 a girma) kuma dan kadan ya fi girma fiye da Uranus na kusa. Neptune ya fi Uranus girma kuma ya fi ƙanƙanta da jiki saboda girmansa yana haifar da matsewar yanayi. Ana kiransa ɗaya daga cikin manyan taurarin ƙanƙara guda biyu na tsarin hasken rana (ɗayan kuma Uranus). Da yake an haɗa shi da iskar gas da ruwaye, ba shi da ingantaccen “sabo mai ƙarfi”. Duniya tana kewaya rana sau ɗaya a kowace 164.8&nbsp;shekaru a matsakaicin nisa na   . Ana kiran ta da sunan gunkin Romawa na teku kuma yana da alamar astronomical , wakiltar Neptune's trident . 

Neptune ba a iya gani ga idon da ba a taimaka ba kuma ita ce kawai duniyar da ke cikin Tsarin Rana wanda aka samo ta hanyar tsinkayar lissafi maimakon ta hanyar lura da hankali . Canje-canjen da ba zato ba tsammani a cikin kewayar Uranus ya sa Alexis Bouvard ya yi hasashe cewa kewayawarta na fuskantar rugujewar nauyi ta wata duniyar da ba a sani ba. Bayan mutuwar Bouvard, an annabta matsayin Neptune daga abubuwan lura, da kansa, ta John Couch Adams da Urbain Le Verrier . Daga baya an ga Neptune tare da na'urar hangen nesa a ranar 23&nbsp;Satumba 1846  ta Johann Galle a cikin matakin matsayi da Le Verrier ya annabta. An gano wata mafi girma, Triton, jim kadan bayan haka, kodayake babu daya daga cikin ragowar 13 na duniya.&nbsp;Sanannun watannin ana samun su ta telescopically har zuwa 20th&nbsp;karni. Tazarar da duniyar ta ke da ita yana ba ta ƙaramin girma da za a iya gani, wanda hakan ya sa ta zama ƙalubale wajen yin nazari da na'urorin hangen nesa na duniya. *Voyager* ya ziyarci Neptune*nbsp;2*, lokacin da ya tashi ta duniya akan 25&nbsp;Agusta 1989; *Voyager&nbsp;2* ya rage kawai kumbon da ya ziyarci Neptune.   Zuwan na'urar hangen nesa ta Hubble da manyan na'urorin hangen nesa na tushen ƙasa tare da na'urori masu daidaitawa sun ba da izini kwanan nan don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai daga nesa.

Kamar Jupiter da Saturn, yanayin Neptune ya ƙunshi farko na hydrogen da helium, tare da burbushin hydrocarbons da yiwuwar nitrogen, ko da yake ya ƙunshi mafi girma rabo na *kankara* kamar ruwa, ammonia da methane . Duk da haka, kama da Uranus, cikinsa da farko ya ƙunshi *kankara* da *dutse* ;  Uranus da Neptune galibi ana ɗaukarsu " Kattai masu ƙanƙara " don jaddada wannan bambanci.  Tare da watsawar Rayleigh, burbushin methane a cikin manyan yankuna a wani bangare na lissafin bayyanar shudin duniya.  Sabbin bayanai daga Gemini observatory sun nuna launin shudi ya fi wanda ke kan Uranus saboda tsananin hazo na yanayin Neptune mafi aiki.  

Ya bambanta da yanayin yanayi mai karfi na Uranus, wanda zai iya zama ba tare da nunawa ba na dogon lokaci, yanayin Neptune yana da  yanayi na aiki da kuma ganuwa. A lokacin da Voyager 2 ya tashi a cikin 1989, kudancin duniya yana da Babban Dark Spot (Bakin dugo) wanda ya dace da Babban Red Spot (Jan digo) a kan Jupiter. A cikin 2018, an gano sabon babban wuri mai duhu da karamin wuri mai duhu kuma an yi nazari. Wadannan yanayin yanayi suna motsawa ta iska mai karfi na kowane duniyar da ke cikin tsarin hasken rana, har zuwa  km / h (580 m / s; 1,300 .  Saboda babban nisan da  tsakanin Sun, yanayin waje na Neptune yana daya daga cikin wurare mafi sanyi a cikin Tsarin Hasken rana, tare da yanayin zafi a saman girgije yana kusa da  K (-218 ° C; - F). Yanayin zafi a tsakiyar duniya kusan  K (5,100 ° C; 9,300 ° F). Neptune yana da tsarin zobe mai rauni da raguwa (wanda ake kira "arcs"), wanda aka gano a 1984 kuma Voyager 2 ta tabbatar da shi.

Neptune itace dubiya ta takwas a cikin jerin tsarin duniyoyi da kuma yanayi na sararin samaniya Wanda yake a tsare a jerin samuwar yanayin duniya Wanda ya samo asalin Tun farkon duniya Wanda har yanxu baa iya hakaito wa ba kuma babu Wanda yakeda cikkaken tarihi wanda ilimi bai taskance ba ganin cewa dama lailai shi harkar ilimin sararin samaniya da yayanayin duniya ba abu bane sabo Kamar yadda Muke dauka a Fannin ilimjn  duniya

## Tarihi

## Manazarta

 Galileo Galilei na iya kasancewa mutum na farko da ya ga NeptuneUrbain Le Verrier ya fi samun nasarar hango matsayin NeptuneLe Verrier ya nemi Johann Gottfried Galle ya nemi NeptuneJohn Couch Adams da kansa ya lissafa matsayin Neptune