Warda Al-Jazairia

****Warda** Mohammed Ftouki** (Arabic; 22 ga Yulin 1939 - 17 ga Mayu 2012), wanda aka fi sani da **Warda Al-Jazairia** (وردة الجزائرية, 'Rose, Aljeriya' ko 'Rose Aljeriya', mai suna [ˈwɑrdæ l (d) ʒæzæːʔɪˈrɪjjæ]), mawaƙiya ce ta Aljeriya. An san ta sosai da waƙoƙin Larabci na Masar da kiɗa. Wani lokaci ana taƙaita sunanta zuwa Warda kawai a Duniyar Larabawa.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Warda Ftouki a birnin Paris a ranar 22 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1939. Mahaifinta, Mohammed Ftouki, ɗan Aljeriya ne daga Souk Ahras, kuma mahaifiyarta 'yar Lebanon ce. Ita ce ƙarama cikin yara biyar.

Warda ta fara waka a cikin shekarun 1950. Ta fara fitowa a Tam-Tam, wani cabaret mallakar mahaifinta wanda ke kan titin Saint-Séverin, a cikin Latin Quarter; gida ne ga shahararrun taurari na kiɗa na Larabci, kamar Safia Chamia da Farid El Atrache . 

### TAM-TAM: Mataki na farko na Warda
Mahaifin Warda, Mohammed Ftouki ya buɗe   a cikin 1951. An samo sunan ne daga wani acrostic na "Tunisia - Algeria - Morocco", a lokacin da wasu cibiyoyin irin wannan suka bayyana kamar El Djazaïr, El Koutoubia, da Baghdad. Ginin ya yi nasara sosai. Farid al-Atrash ya yi aiki a can. Kazalika da Salim Al Hillali, ɗayan souk-ahrassien, wanda ya raira waƙa a can kowane dare na shekaru. Ruwa da dakunan gwaje-gwaje na mawaƙa na Larabawa na zamani, waɗannan cabarets sun kasance wuraren haɗuwa ga al'ummomin diasporic inda ra'ayoyin suka bazu; ainihin wuraren bayyana tunani. Don haka, a lokacin Yakin 'Yanci, Tam-Tam ya zama adireshin sirri na Tarayyar Faransa ta FLN, a matsayin ɓoye makamai. Lalle ne, "Le Tam-Tam" yana da alaƙa da hedikwatar MTLD, Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Freedoms, jam'iyyar siyasa don 'yancin Algeria. Cabaret din yana kusa da hedikwatar MTLD kuma yana karkashin kulawar 'yan sanda. Daga baya aka zargi Mohammed Ftouki kuma aka ɗaure shi.

Bayan an sake shi, ya tafi gudun hijira a Beirut tare da iyalinsa kuma ya ba da kansa ga horar da 'ya'yansa, musamman Warda da Messaoud, mai ba da gudummawa da mawaƙa. Dukkanin Warda da kwarewar ɗan'uwanta sun bunƙasa saboda kokarin da mahaifinsu ya yi. Mohammed Ftouki ya mutu a Alkahira a 1961 inda aka binne shi.

## Ayyuka

### Farkon aiki
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 11, Warda ta raira waƙa a cikin wani wasan kwaikwayon da Ahmed Hachlaf ya shirya, wanda aka watsa a kan Paris Inter .  A shekara ta 1950, ta yi rikodin rikodin ta na farko ga Pathé-Marconi .

A shekara ta 1956, bayan barkewar yakin Aljeriya, 'yan sanda sun gano makamai da aka nufa don FLN (Algerian National Liberation Front) a cikin cabaret na mahaifinta. An rufe ginin, kuma an kori iyalansu. Sun yi shirye-shiryen ƙaura zuwa Hamra, wani gundumar Beirut da aka sani da rayuwar dare. Koyaya, mahaifiyarta ta mutu kafin su isa.

Warda sang in Beirut's cabarets. In 1959, at a casino in Aley, she met the composer Mohammed Abdel Wahab, who taught her the art of classical singing and adapted the poet Ahmed Shawqi's qasida "Bi-Omri Kullo Habbitak" for her. This led to her introduction to the Egyptian president, Gamal Abdel Nasser, who suggested that she be cast in a pan-Arab opera and perform the song "Al Watan Al Akbar" by Mohammed Abdel Wahab.&#x5B;**&#x5D; Warda recorded it, as did other singers such as Abdel Halim Hafez and Fayza Ahmed. The Egyptian director of musicals, Helmy Rafla, signed her to a contract, enabling her to pursue a musical and film career in Egypt. She appeared in two of Rafla's films, "Almaz We Abdo El-Hamouly" and "Amirat al-Arab."

### Dakatar da aikinsa
Mahaifin Warda ya mutu a shekara ta 1961. Bayan samun 'yancin kai, ta tafi Aljeriya a karo na farko kuma ta auri wani jami'in da ya hana ta raira waƙa. Ta dauki hutu na shekaru goma daga kiɗa, a maimakon haka ta zaɓi tayar da 'ya'yanta. Tana da 'yar mai suna Widad da ɗa mai suna Riad, wanda aka sanya masa suna bayan mawaƙi Riad Al Sunbati.

### Komawa ga waka
A shekara ta 1972, bisa ga bukatar shugaban Aljeriya Houari Boumédiène, Warda ta shiga cikin bikin tunawa da shekaru 10 na 'yancin kai na Aljeriya ta hanyar yin wasan kwaikwayo a Algiers tare da ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Masar.

Bayan wannan wasan kwaikwayon, Warda da mijinta sun sake aure ta hanyar yardar juna, kuma ta yanke shawarar ci gaba da aikinta. Ta koma Masar har abada, inda ta auri mawaƙi Baligh Hamdi . Ta ji daɗin shahara sosai kuma tana da damar yin aiki tare da manyan mawaƙa na Larabawa, kamar Helmi Bakr, Riad Al Sunbati, Sadok Thraya, Mohammed Abdel Wahab, Mohammed Al-Mougi, da Sayed Mekawy. Shugaban Masar Anwar Sadat ya hana ta yin wasa a Masar saboda waƙar da ta yi, "Inkan el-Ghala Yenzad", ta yaba da shugaban Libya Muammar Gaddafi. An ɗaga haramcin ne saboda sa hannun matarsa Jehan.

A shekara ta 1979, Warda ta koma Faransa don ba da labari a Olympia . 

### Shekaru na 1990 zuwa 2000
A cikin 1990, Warda ta saki mijinta na biyu, wanda ya mutu a Paris shekaru uku bayan haka. Ayyukanta sun shiga cikin hasken rana yayin da sababbin salon kiɗa suka fito. Koyaya, ta sami damar komawa gaba saboda shahararrun wasan kwaikwayon waƙoƙin da mawaƙa Salah El-Sharnoubi ya yi, kamar "Harramt Ahebak", "Batwanes Beek", da "Ya Khsara".

Ta fara samun matsalolin kiwon lafiya, wanda ya hana ta daga mataki. A shekara ta 1996, an yi mata tiyata ta zuciya, wanda aka biyo baya da transplantation na hanta a farkon 2000s.  

A cikin 1999, an saki *Mafi Kyawun* tarin da ake kira *Nagham El-Hawa*, wanda ya ƙunshi waƙoƙin da suka fi shahara. An rubuta kundi na karshe na studio a shekara ta 2001.

Warda ta ziyarci Lebanon a cikin 2000s don yin wasan kwaikwayo a bikin Baalbeck na kasa da kasa . Ta raira waƙa a can a shekara ta 2005 kuma a shekara ta 2008, inda ta jawo hankalin masu kallo kusan 3,000. A wannan shekarar, ta yi tafiya zuwa Aljeriya kuma ta ba da kide-kide daban-daban a Djemila, a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Casif a Sidi Fredj,  da kuma bikin duniya na 4. A shekara ta 2009, Warda ta shiga cikin dare na bude bikin Pan-African na 2 a Algiers. Ta kuma yi a Maroko a lokacin 8th edition na Mawazine, inda ta raira waƙa a gaban mutane 30,000. Ɗaya daga cikin kide-kide na ƙarshe ya faru ne a Lebanon a watan Satumbar 2011. 

## Kasancewa cikin siyasa
Waƙar farko da Warda ta rubuta a cikin shekarun 1950 waƙar kishin kasa ce ta Aljeriya. Daga baya ta raira waƙoƙin da ke murna da gwagwarmaya da 'yancin kai na Aljeriya, kamar Saïdouna Ila El Djibal, Min baide (Daga nesa), Aid El Karama (The Festival of Dignity), Soummam da Biladi Ouhibouki . Kafin mutuwarta, mawaƙan ta yi bidiyon bidiyo mai taken Mazal wakfin (Har yanzu muna tsaye), tana murna da cika shekaru hamsin da samun 'yancin kai.

## Mutuwa da sakamakonsa
Warda ta mutu a ranar 17 ga Mayu 2012 a gidanta a Alkahira biyo bayan ciwon zuciya da ya faru yayin bacci. Tana da shekaru 72.[1] An dawo da jikinta zuwa ƙasarsu, Aljeriya, kuma an ba ta jana'izar jihar. An binne ta a ranar 19 ga Mayu a cikin "Shadars Square" na Kabari na El Alia a Algiers, wanda aka tanada don jarumai na kasa.[2][3]

Mutuwarta ta katse yin fim na bidiyon kiɗa don waƙar "Eyyam", wanda Mounes Khammar ya jagoranta. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2013, an gabatar da bidiyon kiɗa ga manema labarai. An saka jerin abubuwan da ke nuna mawaƙin da ya ɓace ta hanyar dijital ta amfani da fasahar motsa jiki, rotoscoping.[1] Waƙar, wacce Bilal Zain ya kirkiro kuma mawaki Mounir Bou Assaf ne ya rubuta ta, an rubuta ta ne a shekara ta 2009.[1]

## Kyauta

### Hanyar kiɗa da zuriya
Masanin kiɗa Daniel Caux ya yi la'akari da Warda ya mallaki duk halaye da ake buƙata ga mawaƙa daga duniyar Larabawa. Ya jaddada daidaito na sautin ta, ma'anar sautin da kuma iyawarta na nuances, musamman, wanda ya yi tunanin ya wadatar da ita ta raira waƙa. A cewar Caux, Warda ta yi nasara wajen hada iko da kayan lambu.

Warda na ɗaya daga cikin mawaƙa kalilan da aka sani a duk faɗin duniyar Larabawa, daga Maghreb zuwa Mashriq .  An dauke ta "diva" na waƙar Larabawa, kamar Umm Kulthum, Sabah, da Fairuz. Ayyukanta sun haɗa da waƙoƙi sama da 300. A lokacin aikinta, Warda ta sayar da miliyoyin albums.

### Kyauta
A ranar 10 ga Maris 2018, Ensemble Mazzika a Paris ta ba da yabo ga Warda a wani kide-kide a Cabaret Sauvage . 

A ranar 30 ga Nuwamba 2019, Ensemble Mazzika da mawaƙan Lebanon Ranine Chaar ne suka shirya wani kide-kide don girmama Warda a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Bataclan a Paris . 

A 2021, Cibiyar Larabawa ta Duniya a Paris ta ba da gudummawa ga "The Arab World Divas", daga cikinsu, Warda. Nunin ya nuna manyan 'yan wasan Larabawa a karni na 20, masu zane-zane, gumakan da ba su da lokaci, duk' yan wasan kwaikwayo da mawaƙa waɗanda suka shiga cikin juyin halitta na al'ummomin Larabawa bayan yaƙi kuma waɗanda suka kasance nassoshi waɗanda kowa ya bauta musu.

Warda mai dafa abinci ne, kuma bai bari ya zama Musulmi ya tsaya a hanyar amfani da ruwan inabi a dafa abinci ba. Ta gaya wa jaridar Masar *Al-Akhbar*, a gidanta da ke kallon Kogin Nilu, tana son: "Yin abinci, kula da ƙaunatattun catsina da sauraron tsoffin waƙoƙi. "

## Bambance-bambance
A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2004, a ranar cika shekaru hamsin da juyin juya halin Aljeriya, an ba Warda lambar yabo ta El-Athir na Order of National Merit .  A shekara ta 2009, an sanya ta Kwamandan Dokar Maroko ta Ouissam Alaouite bisa umarnin Sarki Mohammed VI, kuma Wali na Rabat ya ba ta makullin birnin. A shekara ta 2012, Shugaban Faransa Nicolas Sarkozy ne ya nada ta a matsayin Knight na Order of Arts and Letters . 

A cikin 2021, an haɗa mawaƙin a cikin jerin 318 Heroes of Diversity da gwamnatin Shugaba Emmanuel Macron ta nada.  Mawakin na ɗaya daga cikin maza 251 da mata 67, wakilin "bambance-bambance na yanki", waɗanda zasu iya ba da damar sunayen tituna na gaba ko gine-ginen jama'a a Faransa. Daga cikin wadanda aka zaba akwai manyan sunaye daga adabi, fasaha, siyasa da kimiyya, ciki har da Emile Zola, Guillaume Apollinaire, Dalida, Serge Gainsbourg, Léopold Sédar Senghor, Salvador Dalí, Pablo Picasso da Emir Abdel Kader.

## Hotunan fina-finai
Warda ta bayyana a fina-finai da shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa, ciki har da: 

## Manazarta