Ƙungiyar Kula da Lafiyar Yara ta Amurka

The Child Welfare League of America (**CWLA**) kungiya ce ta sadaka ta 501 (c) (3) wacce ke daidaita kokarin jin daɗin yara a Amurka,  kuma tana ba da tallafi kai tsaye ga hukumomin da ke yiwa yara da iyalai hidima.  Ra'ayin kungiyar shine "cewa kowane yaro zai girma a cikin iyali mai aminci, mai ƙauna, da kwanciyar hankali,"  kuma babban manufarsa ita ce "Yana da Yara a matsayin Babban Farko na Kasa".   CWLA tana gudanar da kwararru a fagen ayyukan yara. A matsayinta na kungiya ta kasa tana neman kare yara, da kuma isar da ayyuka ga yara. Ita ce kungiyar kula da lafiyar yara mafi tsufa a Amurka.

## Tarihi
ity.A cikin 1909. Shugaban Amurka Theodore Roosevelt ya kira taron yayin da aka yi a kan kula da yara masu dogaro. A karo na farko, wannan ya haɗu da masu ba da shawara game da jin dadin yara daga ko'ina cikin Amurka. A cikin 1915, Carl Christian Carstens, babban jami'in Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, ya gabatar da rahoto a taron National Conference of Charities and Correction (NCCC) a Baltimore, yana ba da cikakken bayani game da bukatar hadin kai tsakanin kungiyoyin jin dadin yara, buƙatar tsara al'umma, da buƙatar ƙa'idodin kula da yara. Wannan ya haifar da kirkirar Ofishin Musayar Bayanai tsakanin Hukumomin Taimako na Yara (BEI) a karkashin tallafi da kudade na Gidauniyar Russell Sage. A cikin 1917, BEI ya zama ƙungiya mai zaman kanta mai zaman kanta. Bayan jerin tarurruka na kasa, BEI ta nemi ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar ƙasa ta dindindin ga dukkan fannoni na jin dadin yara. Tare da taimakon kudi na Asusun Commonwealth an shirya CWLA a cikin 1920  tare da Carl Carstens a matsayin Shugaba, kuma a hukumance ya fara aiki a ranar 2 ga Janairu, 1921 a Birnin New York.

Duk da yake an kafa shi ne a matsayin tarayyar kungiyoyi masu ba da sabis na sittin da biyar, Carstens, daga cikin fitattun shugabannin kula da lafiyar yara na kasa kuma abokin adawar marayu, ya yi amfani da shi a matsayin karfi don ci gaban ka'idoji, musamman game da sanya yara da tallafi.

A shekara ta 1985, CWLA ta ƙaura hedkwatarta daga Birnin New York zuwa Washington, DC. A shekara ta 2008, kungiyar ta gabatar da Rep. Chaka Fattah a cikin Majalisa ta Amurka wanda zai haifar da Taron Fadar White House kan Yara da Matasa na 2010;  duk da haka, lissafin bai wuce ba. 

### Shirin Kula da Indiya
Daga 1958 zuwa 1967, CCWLA ta gudanar da aikin karɓar Indiya tare da Ofishin Harkokin Indiya na Ma'aikatar Cikin Gida ta Amurka. Manufarta ita ce sanya 'yan asalin ƙasar Amirka, da farko daga gidaje matalauta, tare da manyan iyalai na Amurka. Margaret Atwood da sauransu sun soki shi  a matsayin " satar 'ya'yan asalin ƙasar", kodayake an cire yawancin yara daga kulawar iyayensu ta hanyar shari'a,  The Child Welfare League of America ya ci gaba da taimakawa wajen karɓar yaran' yan asalin Amurka har ma bayan 1967 lokacin da aka ƙare shirin.  A shekara ta 1978, sauraron majalisa ya gano cewa "rabuwa da yara Indiya daga iyalansu shine watakila mafi munin al'amari da lalacewa na rayuwar Indiyawan Amurka a yau".  Wannan ya haifar da Dokar Kula da Yara ta Indiya.  A watan Yunin shekara ta 2001, Babban Darakta na Kungiyar Kula da Lafiyar Yara Shay Bilchik ya nemi gafara a hukumance ga Shirin Kula da Indiya yana cewa "Ba tare da la'akari da yadda aka yi niyya da kuma yadda wannan ya kasance a cikin al'ada a lokacin, ba daidai ba ne; yana da rauni; kuma ya nuna wani nau'in nuna bambanci wanda ke nuna jin kunya".

## Littattafan da aka zaɓa

* Child Welfare (jarida, 1948-yanz 
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## Manazarta