open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Dariya

**Dariya** wata abu ce da take faruwa a jikin dan Adam kuma tana fitowa ne da taimakon wasu sassa na jiki kuma tana fitowa wajene a fili duk sanda akayita. Dariya takan faru a wasu lokuta yayin da aka yi maka cakulkuli ko kuma daga labarai masu ban nishadi, bidiyoyi da kuma tunani.

A wasu lokutan, dariya takan fito yayin da wani abu ya faru musamman a cikin yanayin farin ciki kamar shagali, murna ko hutawa. A wasu lokutan, dariya tana faruwa a wasu lokuta da dama kamar yanayin tozarci, yanayin wulakanci, da kuma mamaki da rudani. Dariya tana faruwa da jinsi kala kala walau mace ce ko kuma namiji. Haka zalika dariya tana kamawa a lokuta da dama kamar wajan karatu, shekaru, da kuma likaci na nishadi. Dadin dadawa, anayin dariya wajan wasanni kamar wasan kaukawa, wasan dara sa kuma wasan kati.

Dariya tana cikin dabu'u na mutum wadda take a kwalwar mutun saidai ana fiddata da baki ne tana taimaka ma mutun wajan nuna farin cikinsa a wajan tattaunawa, kuma alamace da mutun keyi idan ana a cikin taro

## '''Fannin lafiya'''
Hadi tsakanin dariya da kuma lafiya alakace mar misaltuwa, a wasu lokuta da dama dariyar takan zama illa idan ta cika yawa a jikin dan adam, kuma tana taimakama jiki domin karin lafiya a jiki. Dariya tana taimakawa wajan shige da fice na jini kuma takan taimaka wajan fidda nitric oxide.

## '''Tattaunawa'''
Adadin dalibai da suka karanci hanyoyin tattaunawa da kuma ittifaki sun ajiye bayanai cewa aikin da dariya keyi a wurare da dama, kamar karamar tattaunawa, tattaunawa ta neman aiki, taro da sauran tattaunawa. Anyi ajiye dukkanin abinda y faru a tattaunawar. Bincike ya nuna cewa dariya bata zuwa haka nan siddan ragadan ba tare da faruwar wani abun ba. Kuma sun gano cewa a koda yaushe kwalwar mutun takan iya tuno mashi da wani abu da zaisa kwatsam aga yayi dariya.

## Manazarta
Jami'ar Mashreq

**Jami'ar Mashreq** jami'a ce mai zaman kanta da ke Khartoum ta Arewa a Sudan . An fara shi a shekara ta 2003 a matsayin Kwalejin Al-Mashreq na Kimiyya da Fasaha, Ma'aikatar Ilimi da Binciken Kimiyya ta Sudan ta ba shi cikakken matsayin jami'a a shekara ta 2010.

Jami'ar tana ba da shirye-shiryen karatu sama da 29, gami da Medicine da Laboratory Sciences, Injiniya, Fasahar Bayanai, Media, Tattalin Arziki, da Gudanar da Kasuwanci.

Turanci shine harshen koyarwa a jami'o'in Sudan, amma tun daga farkon shekarun 1990 duk darussan sun zama Arabiya a kwalejojin Sudan; Jami'ar Mashreq tana koyarwa da Turanci da Larabci.

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Buɗaɗɗiyar Jami'ar Sudan

**Open University of [[Sudan]]** (O**US**) jami'a ce ta jama'a da ke zaune a Khartoum, Sudan wacce ke ba da karatun digiri da digiri ta hanyar Ilimi mai nisa.Jami'ar memba ce ta Tarayyar Jami'o'in Duniya ta Musulunci.

## OUS a Galance
**Ka'idar**

*Ilimi ga Duka*

**Aikin**

*Don zama jagora da kuma bambancin ma'aikata a bude, ilimi na nesa a cikin gida da kuma duniya.*

*Ra'ayi na Amurka:*

Tabbatar da asalin ƙasa da tabbatar da al'adun al'adu ta hanyar tsarin karatu da shirye-shiryen ilimi.

Koyar da sabbin ka'idojin ilimi da halayyar mutum, wanda ke inganta dabi'un dogaro da kai da ci gaba da ilmantarwa da kai da kuma inganta basira da kuma inganta tunanin mutum, jiki, kyawawan halaye da kuma kirkirar dabi'u na ruhaniya da na ɗabi'a.

Samun dimokuradiyya na ilimi ta hanyar samar da daidaitattun damar ilimi ga kowa ba tare da wani nau'i na nuna bambanci ba ta hanyar fadada ilimi mafi girma da horo don amfanin waɗanda suka rasa ilimi da kuma samar da damar neman ilimi tare da aiki.

Yaduwar ci gaba da ilimi da ilimin al'umma.

Bayar da ƙwararrun ma'aikata da horar da su, waɗanda suka isa su cika bukatun ci gaban ƙasa.

Gudummawa a ci gaba da inganta ingantaccen ilimi ta hanyar amfani da fasahar kafofin watsa labarai na zamani.

Karfafa hadin gwiwar ilimi da al'adu tare da cibiyoyin gida, yanki, da na duniya.

Gudummawa ga haskakawa da ayyukan al'adu.

Manufofin Amurka:

Don fadada damar ilimi mafi girma don mayar da martani ga karuwar bukatar zamantakewa ta hanyar rarraba shirye-shiryen ilimi da samar da sauƙin samun dama ga su.

Don ba da dama ga waɗanda suka rasa ilimi mafi girma saboda matsalolin zamantakewa, al'adu, tattalin arziki ko ƙasa.

Don bayar da horo a cikin sabis da ci gaba da ilimi ga kungiyoyi daban-daban a kasuwar aiki don biyan bukatun ci gaban sana'a don inganta ƙwarewa, aiki, da samarwa.

Don ba da ilimi ga masu koyo da ɗalibai a gidajensu.

Don fadada sa hannun bangarori daban-daban na al'umma a ci gaban gida.

Don karfafa hadin kai tsakanin ilimin jami'a na gargajiya da ODL don sauƙaƙe motsi na masu koyo a duk faɗin cibiyoyin ilimi daban-daban.

Don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai dacewa don karatun digiri da bincike na kimiyya game da bukatun al'ummomi daban-daban.

Don daidaitawa da amfani da fasahar zamani don tabbatar da ingantaccen isar da shirye-shiryen ilimi.

Don ƙarfafa alaƙa da cibiyoyin ilimi na jama'a da masu zaman kansu don taimakawa wajen magance bukatun su a cikin shirye-shiryen darussan da kuma ba da shawara ta ilimi da fasaha kamar yadda ake buƙata.

Don ƙirƙirar al'adun al'adu na horo da tabbatar da fifiko na Larabci da Ingilishi da kuma koyar da muhimmancin wasu harsuna da fassara.

Don haɗawa da rubuce-rubucen al'adu, ruhaniya da muhalli.

## Sashen

* Cibiyar Gudanar da Albarkatun Dan Adam
* MBA na kudi
* Ma'aikatar Hulɗa da Jama'a
* Rediyon Ilimi
* Tashar tauraron dan adam ta ilimi
* Sakatariyar Litattafan
* Cibiyar Gudanar da Albarkatun Dan Adam
* Cibiyar Ci Gaban Ilimi
* Cibiyar Harshen Larabci don Masu Magana da Sauran Harsuna
* Ci gaba da Ilimi
* Shirin Ilimi na Fasaha
* Aikin ilmantarwa na E-

## Manazarta
Al-Quraysh

**Al Quraysh** ita ce sura ta 106 na Alqur'ani mai kunshe da ayoyi 4. Surar ta ciro sunanta daga kalmar Kuraishawa a ayar farko.

## Ma'ana(Fassara)

**1** Ni'ima ce mai girma da kariya daga Allah, wanda cikin ikon sa ya sauyar da Quraishawa.

**2** Kuma da falalar Allah da Karewarsu, Muka sanya ayarin Quraishawa su fita amintatru da sanyi (zuwa kudu), da kuma da rani (zuwa arewa) ba tare da wani tsoro ba.

**3** Saboda haka su bauta wa (Allah) Ubangijin wannan Ɗakin (Ka'abah na Makkah).

**4** (Shi) Wanda Ya ciyar da su daga yunwa, kuma Ya amintar da su daga tsõro.

## Manazarta
Ratan Tata

**Ratan Naval Tata** (28 Disamba 1937 – 10 Oktoba 2024) ɗan kasuwa ne kuma shugaban kamfanin Tata Sons na ƙasar Indiya, wanda ya jagoranci Tata Motors ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan masana’antun motoci a duniya. An san shi saboda ƙaddamar da Tata Nano, mota mafi araha a duniya, da kuma sayen kamfanonin Jaguar da Land Rover a shekara ta 2008. Aikin Ratan Tata ya sa motocin Indiya suka ji daɗin shahara a kasuwannin duniya.

## Rayuwa ta Farko
An haifi Ratan Tata a ranar 28 ga Disamba 1937 a Bombay (yanzu Mumbai), Indiya. Ya kammala karatunsa a fannin gine-gine a Jami’ar Cornell a Amurka, kuma daga baya ya shiga kamfanin Tata Sons a shekara ta 1962. A lokacin, kamfanin Tata yana aiki a fannoni daban-daban, amma Ratan ya mai da hankali kan haɓaka masana’antar motoci.

## Tata Motors da Tata Nano
A shekara ta 1991, Ratan Tata ya zama shugaban Tata Sons, kuma ya jagoranci Tata Motors don samar da motoci masu inganci kamar Tata Indica a shekara ta 1998. A shekara ta 2008, ya ƙaddamar da Tata Nano, mota da aka tsara don zama mai araha ga iyalan Indiya masu karamin karfi. Ko da yake Nano ba ta ci nasara kamar yadda ake tsammani, ta nuna ƙudurin Tata na sa motoci su zama abin da kowa zai iya siya. A lokacin da ya ke jagoranta, Tata Motors ya sayi kamfanonin Jaguar da Land Rover daga Ford, wanda ya ƙara wa kamfanin suna a duniya.

## Tasiri
Ratan Tata ya kawo sauyi a masana’antar motoci ta Indiya ta hanyar haɓaka Tata Motors zuwa kamfani mai gasa a duniya. Motocin Tata, kamar Indica da Nano, sun taimaka wajen saukaka sufuri ga mutane da yawa. A Afrika, musamman Najeriya, motocin Tata sun zama sananne a matsayin motocin taksi da na kasuwanci saboda araha da ƙarfinsu. Haka kuma, sayen Jaguar Land Rover ya nuna cewa kamfanonin Indiya na iya jagoranci masana’antun duniya.

## Rayuwarsa ta Ƙarshe
Ratan Tata ya rasu a ranar 10 ga Oktoba 2024 a Mumbai, Indiya. Ya bar gado mai girma a masana’antar motoci da kasuwanci, kuma ana ci gaba da tunawa da shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗan kasuwa na Indiya.

## Hotuna

File:Ratan_Tata_2010s.jpg|Ratan Tata a lokacin jagorancinsa a Tata Motors
File:Tata_Nano_2008.jpg|Tata Nano, mota mafi araha da aka ƙaddamar a 2008
File:Jaguar_Land_Rover_Logo.jpg|Alamar Jaguar Land Rover, da Tata Motors ya saye a 2008


## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin Waje
* Shafin Ratan Tata a TataMotors.com
* Tarihin Tata Nano
Jami'ar Paul

**Jami'ar Paul, Awka** (PUA) tana cikin Awka, Jihar Anambra a Najeriya. Jami'ar Kirista ce mai zaman kanta. An kafa shi a cikin 2009 ta Bishops na larduna biyar na Ikilisiyar Anglican ta Gabashin Nijar don samar da horo na digiri a cikin Arts, Natural da Applied Sciences, Social Sciences da Management. Jami'ar da ke da cikakken zama tana da kimanin dalibai 400 (ana sa ran su kai 3,500) kuma sun maye gurbin Kwalejin Jami'ar St Paul wacce aka kafa a 1904 ta Church Missionary Society of the Church of England don horar da ma'aikatan coci da malamai. Kodayake, Jami'ar Paul Awka Jami'ar Mai zaman kanta ce, gwamnatin Jihar Anambra a ƙarƙashin Gwamna Peter Obi ta ba da gudummawar kuɗi da motoci don inganta kayan aikinta da ci gaba.

Jami'ar Paul tana da cibiyoyin da ke da alaƙa kamar Cibiyar Ilimin tauhidi wacce Darakta, Ven Dr Rex Kanu ke jagoranta. Farfesa Obiora Nwosu, ita ce Mataimakin Shugaban kasa yayin da Farfesa Chinyere Stella Okunna ita ce Mataimakiyar Mataimakin Mataimakin (Masana) kuma Farfesa Godwin Onu ita ce Mataimiyar Mataimakan Shugaban kasa (Administration), a matsayin Mataimakin.

Kwamitin Amintattun na farko ya kasance karkashin jagorancin tsohon Mataimakin Shugaban Najeriya, Dokta Alex Ekwueme (GCON) wanda kuma ya gina Ofisoshin Gudanarwa wanda ke da gidan Majalisar Dattijai.

## Shirye-shiryen Ilimi
Jami'ar Paul, Awka a halin yanzu tana da fannoni uku kuma waɗannan fannoni suna ba da darussan da yawa. Kwalejin sune; Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Halitta da Aikace-aikace, Kwalejin Gudanarwa da Kimiyya ta Jama'a, da Kwalejin Fasaha. Bugu da kari, tana gudanar da Cibiyar Ilimin tauhidi, wacce ta gaji daga Kwalejin Jami'ar St. Paul, kuma tana shigar da dalibai cikin JUPEB  da Ci gaba da Ilimi (CEP).

Makarantar tana ba da sabis na kantin sayar da littattafai, cyber cafe, kimiyyar kwamfuta  da cibiyar horo, da sauran ayyuka.

Jerin darussan da aka bayar da tsawon lokacin su, da kuma digiri da aka bayar an jera su a ƙasa, ta fannoni.

### Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Halitta da Aikace-aikace

### Faculty of Management and Social Sciences

### Kwalejin Fasaha

### Laburaren karatu
An kafa ɗakin karatu na Jami'ar Paul a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba 2009 don tallafawa da sauƙaƙe koyarwa, ilmantarwa, bincike da ayyukan nishaɗi na Jami'o'in Jami'ar. Laburaren ya gaji tarin tsohon Kwalejin St. Paul, Awka, wanda ke fadadawa da fadadawa yayin da Laburaren Kwalejin ya canza zuwa Laburaren Jami'ar, daidaita Kimiyya tare da karfafawa a baya akan Fasaha, Kimiyya da Gudanarwa.

Har ila yau, ɗakin karatu na Jami'ar yana da sashen E-Library. Wannan wani bangare ne na ɗakin karatu wanda ake adana tarin a cikin tsarin kafofin watsa labarai na lantarki (kamar yadda ya saba da bugawa, ko wasu kafofin watsa labarai) kuma ana iya samun su ta hanyar kwamfutoci. Wadannan ana samun su kuma suna da sauƙin samu ga ɗalibai da ma'aikatan al'ummar ilimi.

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Kali Linux

**Kali Linux** shine wata Linux distribution da aka dauki kyauta domin digital forensics da penetration testing. An taimaka da kuma kudirar da Offensive Security. Sabon software ne da ke nuni akan Debian *Testing* branch: abunda Kali ta yi amfani dashi shi ne daga Debian repositories.

Kali Linux na da takwas 600 program na penetration-testing, kamar su Armitage (wani graphical cyber attack management tool), Nmap (wani port scanner), Wireshark (wani packet analyzer), metasploit (penetration testing framework), John the Ripper (wani password cracker), sqlmap (automatic SQL injection da database takeover tool), Aircrack-ng (wani software suite don penetration-testing wireless LANs), Burp suite da OWASP ZAP web application security scanners, kawai.

An kafa da Kali Linux a wata nau'in bakar fayil (rewrite) na BackTrack, wani sabon information security testing Linux distribution daga Knoppix.

## Tarihin sigar
Mafi na farko, 1.0.0 "moto", an kai a watan Maris 2013.

A watan Nuwamba 2019, daidai jari mai yankewa an wuce da GNOME zuwa Xfce, tare da GNOME mai zira daidai na.

Ana daukar hanyar nuna daga harsunan da aka saba da kowa cikin jama'a, da kuma wani da ya sa aka kai sashen ta hanyar da ake zargi da wani daga cikin su. Ana kuma daukar hanyar nuna daga abubuwan da aka yi da suna sa da mutane wadanda suke aiki tare da su.

## Abubuwan bukatu
Kali Linux yana da abubuwan da suke da nufin zargi, duk da cewa ba su da godewa don hada-hada don shirin samun ilimin da aka samar da shi a matsayin daga cikin yadda za a samu wannan hoto.

## Manazarta
Crunchbase

**Crunchbase** is a company that provides information about businesses. Their content includes investment and funding information, individuals in leadership positions, and corporate news.

## History

Crunchbase was founded in 2007 by Michael Arrington as an outside database to track startups featured in articles on TechCrunch.

In September 2010, AOL acquired Crunchbase. 

In November 2013, AOL entered into a dispute with startup Pro Populi over the company's use of the entire Crunchbase dataset in apps that Pro Populi developed despite having distributed the data under the Creative Commons CC-BY attribution license. Pro Populi was represented by the Electronic Frontier Foundation. AOL eventually conceded that Pro Populi could continue to use the dataset but adopted the CC BY-NC license for future revisions. A snapshot of the 2013 dataset is still available for download under the CC-BY license on the Crunchbase website.

In 2014, Crunchbase added incubators and venture capital partners to the startup database.

In 2015, Crunchbase went private, separating from AOL, Verizon, and TechCrunch. Crunchbase then announced the raise of $8.5 million in funding. In 2016, the company rebranched by removing the camel casing of its name (with the "B" in "Base" now being rendered as a small letter), and launched its first product, the paid database Crunchbase Pro. In April 2017, Crunchbase announced an $18 million Series B from Mayfield Fund. At the same time, Crunchbase launched two new products – Crunchbase Enterprise and Crunchbase for Applications.

In 2018, Crunchbase launched Crunchbase Marketplace, providing subscriptions to data from third parties.
The following year, Crunchbase announced a $30 million Series C led by Omers Ventures.

## Products
Their software includes tools for investment analytics, trend analysis, web traffic review, and marketing. They also carry news regarding startups. *Crunchbase Pro* is their in-depth search tool. *Crunchbase Enterprise* is Designed for larger organizations, Crunchbase Enterprise offers enhanced features such as API access, custom data solutions, and integrations with CRM platforms.

## References

## External links
*
Hacker

A **Hacker** wani abu ne mai hali a fannin teknoloji na bayanai wanda ya zama da matsayin amfani akan mafarki da daga launin fannoni. Fari ne wanda aka tattauna a culture na zamani da hacker security  wanda ya dauki bayani game da bug ko exploits don fita ga tashin lokaci game da komputa daga tsarin kowanne mai yiwuwa. A cikin tarihin mai fari, hakkin zai iya amfani da wanda ke da ilimi na ilimin amintattu na kula da nau'oa akan mai ilimi na mai ilimi don lura wani yara ne a cikin farko na ilimi na ilimi na ilimin amintattu. Wanda yafi nuni yana da 'VPN' da (dark web) don tsakar soyyar adireshin daga lambobi don bugunsa.   Misali, mulkin duniya zai iya amfani da abubuwan da na hacking domin kafa sakamako a cikin ayyukan da suka kulla ma aikace-aikace da doka.

Hacking zai iya da nasaba mai na buƙatar kwasaƙwasa ga matsalolin ko karfinsa, ko kayan fannoni da kuma hardware mai amfani a zama (dubawa hackathon), kuma hacker culture ya dawo ga amfanin da hali ya kamata ga jama'a ta hanyar mai kai. Da farko na hacker, akwai mai kamfanin fannoni (both hardware da software) da ke da karan faduwar programming; duba hacker culture.  Da farko mai amfani da wanda ke da ilimi na mai ilimi. Idan da zai iya fito daga amintaccen amfani, wanda ke da zai iya kira don hacker ci. 

Hacking yana da dalilai daya daga cikin zancen aiki na matsawa ko aiki na mai amfani (lokacin a duba hackathon), kuma hacker culture ya dawo ga hanyoyi da suka biya amfani ga jama'a ta hanyar fannoni (lokacin da za a duba life hack).

## Kara karantawa

* Baker, Bruce D. "Sin and the Hacker Ethic: The Tragedy of Techno-Utopian Ideology in Cyberspace Business Cultures." *Journal of Religion and Business Ethics* 4.2 (2020): 1+ online .
* Hasse, Michael. Die Hacker: Strukturanalyse einer jugendlichen Subkultur  (1994)
* Himanen, Pekka. *The hacker ethic* (Random House, 2010).
* Himanen, Pekka. "19. The hacker ethic as the culture of the information age." *The Network Society* (2004): 420+ online.
* Holt, Thomas J. "Computer hacking and the hacker subculture." in *The palgrave handbook of international cybercrime and cyberdeviance* (2020): 725-742.

### Tsaron kwamfuta

* Dey, Debabrata, Atanu Lahiri, and Guoying Zhang. "Hacker behavior, network effects, and the security software market."* Journal of Management Information Systems* 29.2 (2012): 77-108. 
* 
* 
* 
* Logik Bomb: Hacker's Encyclopedia  (1997)
* Revelation: The Ultimate Beginner's Guide to Hacking & Phreaking  (1996)
* 
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### Software na kyauta/budewar tushe

* 
* 

## References
Black Hat (tsaro na kwamfuta)

**Black hat** (a.k.a. **black hat hacker** ko **blackhat**) shine hacker da ake zargin tsarin yin hakkin waya ga abubuwan da ke shirin cikin ilimin bayyana ko amincewar abubuwan, kamar da cybercrime, cyberwarfare, ko shari'a. Wa'azi su na yin tafiya daga piracy zuwa identity theft. Black hat ya fi kwararre ga *cracker*.

Manufar ya fara daga 1950s westerns, inda *bad guys* (criminals) suna bayyana su kamar yin hakkin da basu iya aiki ba da suna kuma dawo da black hats kuma *good guys* (heroes) suna kai fari ayyukan da suka zarge. A cikin haka, black hat hacking ya cikakke da white hat, wanda shi ne cikin illolin white hat wani hanyar hacking. Kuma, akwai kuma  katin yin hakkin daya (Grey hat|grey hat hacking]], wanda ya nuna mutanen da suka zarge, kuma shi kuma ya yin hacking, babu daya tare da kula da ayyukan shari'a ba.

## Bayani
Makale mai son tafiya da ita ga aikin waya, masu son yin tafiya da ita don a kira "black hat hackers". Za su iya hana malware da suka gama hada bayanai (kakanni na kalubalen da aka samu), bayanai na kuɗi ko personal information (kamar passwords ko numburun katin katin kasuwa). Bayanai na wannan yana da wani tafiya ya kasancewa a dark web. Malware zai iya yin yin hana maɓallin kompyuta ko yin yin fayilolin jifa. Wasu hackers za su kuma canza ko kashe bayanai a kan yin yin, kuma a cikin yi ba wani gaskiya ba. Lokacin da ayyukan samun bayanai ke neman abun da aka gamsu da, black hat hackers su na yin aiki tare da kungiya da ke da amfani ga ganin kudi.

## Bayani
Makale ya kai tsaye daga shekaru na 1979 tana da tsari a karshe. Lai, ya kamata wannan rashin hada da black hat hackers ya mayar da kara tsaye daga mai tafiya ga, masu karatu, ko na irin ta 1,% cikin bayani. Idan ake yin jerin, ganin ya dogara kuma.

## Tarihin

Wadannan shaharar shaharar da mafi bayyana shaharar black a rabi, Mitnick hacker Garkuwa. Vladimir Levin hacker Gwamnati.
## Manazarta
Am I Next

***Am I Next*** shine fim mai kare-kare na 2023 na Indiya a cikin  da zai gudanar da Rahat Kazmi a kan motoci na Rahat Kazmi Film Studios, da kuma Loop Pool Films da Piku Art's (Singapore). Yana ɗaukar hoto da Anushka Sen, Neelu Dogra, Pooja Dargan, Tariq Khan, Ahmer Haider. An ɗauki hanyar tsawaita ta ZEE5 a 17 ga watan Maris 2023.

## Hoton Fim
Wani tsaiko mai nuna ya kama halin yarinya na 14, lamma suka san ta ke da dakin yin ayyukan mahaifin zuciyar ta na kwararrun tsawa. Ta yar ga cin gindi, kuma akwai haddun adalci mai tsawo don nemo hukuncin da ta yi hukunta da hargitsi.

## Yin wasan kwaikwayo
* Anushka Sen a matsayin Honey 
* Neelu Dogra a matsayin Rammi, Mama na Honey
* Pankaj Khajuria a matsayin Ramandeep, Baba na Honey
* Rajeev Rana a matsayin Gopal Das, Baba na Aman 
* Pooja Dargan a matsayin Barazana Naina 
* Swaroopa Ghosh a matsayin Vaibhavi Sachdeva
* Tariq Khan a matsayin Sukhchain Singh, Ma'aurata
* Ahmer Haider a matsayin Dr. Rahul
* Satish Bhat a matsayin Aman
* Monica Aggarwal a matsayin Monica Sharma (Judge na kotun sama)
* Mir Sarwar a matsayin Judge na kotun kasa
* Kusum Tikko a matsayin Makaranta

## Saki
Fim na ZEE5 ta gudanar da Am I Next a 17 ga watan Maris 2023. Daga nan, ta samu jama'ar duniya a kan 190+ na wata.

## liyafar
Fim na samu cikakken duba daga masu neman gudummawa da kuma ya yi ƙaddamarwa a cikin bayyane. *[[The Times of India]]* ta sa yadda ta nuna fim na da ta yin rubutu. Shugaban jami'in fim Rahat Kazmi ya ce: "Fim na da dama da ni saboda labarai mai tsawo da muke. Da karatu da duba da mahaifinsu, mun sami fim mai zama da jama'a ya sa yawan wasu abin da zai zama mai haɗin gwiwa."

Shiryawa na mai shiryawa mai samar da fassara ta Am I Next na zama don Tuhin K Biswas, Rohit Bhatia, Adif Altaf, da Sukhamrit-Sachin.

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
* 
* *[https://www.zee5.com/movies/details/am-i-next/0-0-1z5323147 Am I Next]* a ZEE5

## References
Ghana Code Club

**The Ghana Code Club** wani shiri ne bayan makaranta a Ghana wanda ke koyar da yara ƙwarewar shirye-shiryen kwamfuta. Ernestina Edem Appiah ce ta kafa shirin, kuma an shirya shirin a makarantu daban-daban ta hanyar Healthy Career Initiative, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta a Ghana. Appiah ne ya kafa Cibiyar Kwarewar Kiwon Lafiya, a cikin 2007. Ghana Code Club kungiya ce ta nishaɗi ta dijital wacce ake shirya a makarantu a Ghana don yara tsakanin shekaru 8-17. Shirin ne na bayan makaranta.

Ya zuwa watan Janairun shekara  ta 2016 a Ghana, tsarin fasahar sadarwa na yanzu a Ghana bai haɗa da ayyukan ilmantarwa don fasaha ba. Kungiyar tana ƙarfafa yara su sami ƙwarewar zamani a cikin fasahar kwamfuta don taimaka musu da ayyukan gaba.[1] Wasu daga cikin ayyukan sun haɗa da koyon yadda za a ƙirƙiri shafukan yanar gizo, raye-raye da wasannin bidiyo. A watan Janairun shekara  ta 2016, shirin ya fara aiki a makarantu biyar, kuma kungiyar tana shirye don fadada zuwa mafi yawan makarantu a Ghana a cikin 2016, tare da burin ilimantar da akalla yara 20,000. [1] 

Kalubale da Ghana Code Club ke fuskanta sun haɗa da matsalolin haɗin intanet a Ghana, da kuma samun damar samun babban birnin da kayan aikin kwamfuta. A sakamakon haka, ana koyar da wani bangare mai mahimmanci na azuzuwan a kan takarda tare da bugawa.

## Tarihi

Wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaba na Ghana Code Club shine Ernestina Edem Appiah,  sha'awarta ta fara ne da wata kasida da ta karanta game da yara a Burtaniya koyon koyon koodu (shirye-shiryen kwamfuta).  Appiah na ɗaya daga cikin mata 100 na BBC.

## Manazarta
Anushka Sen

**Anushka Sen** (an haife ta a ranar 4 ga watan Agusta shekara ta 2002) ita ce jarumar talabijin ɗin Indiya da kuma samfur. Ta shahara da aikinta a cikin *[[Baalveer]]*, *[[Jhansi Ki Rani (2019 TV series)|Jhansi Ki Rani]]*, *[[Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi 11]]*, da *[[Dil Dosti Dilemma]]*.

## Rayuwa ta sirri

An haifi Sen a cikin Ranchi cikin iyalin Bengali Baidya, kuma daga baya ta koma Mumbai tare da iyalinta. Ta yi karatu a Ryan International School, Kandivali, kuma ta samu maki 89.4% a jarrabawar shiga babbar sakandare na hukumar CBSE a matsayin ɗalibar kasuwanci. Daga baya, ta karanci digiri a fannin fim a Thakur College of Science and Commerce, Mumbai.

## aiki
Sen ta fara aikinta a matsayin yarinya a shekarar 2009 tare da wasan kwaikwayo na Zee TV *[[Yahan Main Ghar Ghar Kheli]]*. A cikin wannan shekarar, an saki bidiyon kiɗa na farko *Humko hai Aasha*.

A shekarar 2012, ta zama sananniya wajen taka rawar Meher a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Sab TV *[[Baalveer]]*. A shekarar 2015, ta bayyana a fim ɗin Bollywood *[[Crazy Cukkad Family]]*.

Ta yi aiki a cikin wasannin talabijin *[[Internet Wala Love]]* da *[[Devon Ke Dev...Mahadev]]*. Ta kuma bayyana a cikin fim ɗin tarihi *Lihaaf: The Quilt*, da kuma taka rawa a cikin gajeren fim *Sammaditthi*. Ta kuma bayyana a cikin bidiyon kiɗa da dama.

An san ta da taka rawar a fim na tarihi na Manikarnika Rao wato Rani Lakshmi Bai a cikin jerin shirin shekarar 2019 ''Khoob Ladi Mardaani – Jhansi Ki Rani.''A shekarar 2020, ta kasance jarumar babban aiki a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Zee TV *[[Apna Time Bhi Aayega]]* amma ta bar bayan makonni uku.

A shekarar 2021, ta shiga shirin talabijin na gasar jarumai *[[Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi 11]]* kuma ta fita a mako na bakwai. Ta kasance jarumar da ta fi ƙarancin shekaru da ta bayyana a cikin wannan shirin.

A shekarar 2023, aka naɗa ta a matsayin jakadan girmamawa na Korean Tourism. Hakanan tana harbi na fim ɗinta na farko na Korea, mai taken *Asia*.

A shekarar 2024, ta fito a matsayin Asmara a cikin shirin matasa na Amazon Prime Video *[[Dil Dosti Dilemma]]*.

## Filmography
### Fina-finai

## Wasannin talabijin

## Kayayyakin bidiyon kiɗa

## Sakamako da bayar da lambobin yabo

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

## Farkon rayuwa
An haifi Anushka Sen a ranar 4 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2002,  a Ranchi a cikin dangin Baidya na Bengali,  kuma daga baya ta koma Mumbai tare da iyalinta. Ta yi karatu a Ryan International School, Kandivali, kuma ta ci 89.4% a jarrabawar kwamitin CBSE na makarantar sakandare a matsayin dalibi na kasuwanci. Daga baya, ta sami digiri a fannin fim a Kwalejin Kimiyya da Kasuwanci ta Thakur, Mumbai .

An haifi Anushka Sen a ranar 4 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2002,  a Ranchi a cikin dangin Baidya na Bengali,  kuma daga baya ta koma Mumbai tare da iyalinta.Tayi karatu a Ryan International School, Kandivali, kuma taci 89.4% a jarrabawar kwamitin CBSE na makarantar sakandare a matsayin dalibi na kasuwanci. Daga baya,ta sami digiri a fannin fim a Kwalejin Kimiyya da Kasuwanci ta Thakur, Mumbai .

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin waje
*
Abhishek Malhan

**Abhishek Malhan** ( an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Watan Mayu, 1997), wanda aka fi sani da **Fukra Insaan**, shi ne 'Youtuber' na Indiya, wanda ya kasance shugaban asusun kimiya a ƙasa da shahararren tallace-tallace a bayanai na YouTube da kuma shirin mai zama kamar na 'Bigg Boss OTT (Hausa Rana 2)', Play Ground Session 3 da 'Temptation Island India'.

## Rayuwar farko

Abhishek ya rasu a 24 ga Watan Mayu, 1997, a Pitam Pura, Delhi daga Vinay Malhan da Dimple Malhan. Ya kammala gudanar da ilimi daga Lancer Convent School, Delhi da kuma ya sami Bachelors of Commerce daga Delhi College of Arts and Commerce.

## aiki
A shekarar 2019, Abhishek ya shiga cikin binciken YouTube, a matsayin shawarar gudummawa kamar Mr. Beast da KSI. Shafin sa na YouTube ya bayyana tallace-tallace daga rayuwa (IRL) da tallace-tallace. Ya zama ma'aikata da CarryMinati, mai kula da WWE wrestler The Great Khali, da Puneet Superstar.

A shekarar 2023, Abhishek ya koma shirin gudanar da *Bigg Boss OTT (Hausa Rana 2)*, inda ya kasance ƙarshen yana wa daga cikin jagoranci. Haka ma ya duba da 'guest-host' a guda huɗu na shiri na 'Temptation Island India'.

## Bigg Boss OTT

A Abhishek Malhan, wanda aka fi sani da **Fukra Insaan**, shi ne YouTuber daga india, shahararren mawallafi, da kuma 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na shirin gari. Ya samu fahimtar da rashin tsakiya game da bidiyo na YouTube da kuma sha'awar a wurin wasu shirin koyar da 'Bigg Boss OTT (Hausa fasaha 2)', 'Play Ground Session 3' da 'Temptation Island India'.

A 24 ga watan Mayu, 1997, Abhishek ya kasance a Pitam Pura, Delhi. Yana da rayuwar koyar da Vinay Malhan da Dimple Malhan. Ya samu harshe a Makarantun Lancer Convent, Delhi da kuma samar da Bachelors of Commerce daga Delhi College of Arts and Commerce.

## Kasuwanci

A shekara ta 2019, Abhishek ya shiga cikin wani bayanai mai suna YouTube, a tsawon lokacin da ya fi gudunmawa daga dan koyar koyon 'Mr. Beast' da KSI. Kan shirin gari, an dora bidiyo na real life (IRL) da kuma matsalolin tashin hankali. Ya kafa ra'ayin da ya kasance da CarryMinati, jami'in ƙungiyar WWE The Great Khali, da Puneet Superstar.

A shekara ta 2023, Abhishek ya shirya matsayin jami'in shirin ''Bigg Boss OTT'' Fasaha 2, inda ya zo da kuma ya fito da gaban, kuma ya zama wani jami'in shahararre a baya a shirin kungiyar dama. Yana kaiwa ziyara game da 'Temptation Island India', a matsayin mai ziyara da jimawa a episodes hudu na shirin yabo mai jin dadin 'Temptation Island India'. Sakamakon haka, ya yi kungiyar kwararru a shirin sa'oin baki game da Netflix (India) a kan shirin YouTube su.

Kuma, shi ne yana da tarihi cikin siyasar yawan 'Chief Executive Officer (CEO)' na kungiyar Mr. Bond wanda aka fi sani da irin abubuwan da suke gudanar da kewayen sha'awa.

Abhishek ya jefa matsalolin da suka faru, don haka ya mayar da la'akari da Elvish Yadav bayan Bigg Boss OTT. Matsala ta iya da niyyar daidaita daya bayan rikicin lissafin cimma da ita ta 25 lakh na ruwan fara,

### Waƙoƙin bidiyo

## Finafinai

### Talabijin

## Manazarta
Karl Jacobs

**Karl Thomas Jacobs** (ɗan kasance 19 ga watan Julai 1998), wanda aka fi sani da **GamerBoyKarl**, shine wanda yake kasance ɗan Amurka mai yarjejeniyar Twitch streamer, YouTuber, ƙwararren lamarin, da kuma jami'ar kallon bideo. Ya ƙara matsayin kwararru ne a kan matsayin maboyar MrBeast a fannoni na kasa, kuma yayi sauti a bude bidiyo na shi, domin ba shi da shawarwari mai fata ba. Jacoƙs shine mai rarrabawa na tashin hankali na bude kan ranar ta 11 ga watan Fabrairun 2022, a wasu mutane na tsakiyar Dream SMP, wanda zai kwashe da shi a matsayin litattafan komai na Dark Horse Comics. Shi kuma ya kasance wanda ya rika sabunta cikin *Banter* shiri tare da mai kama YouTubers Sapnap da GeorgeNotFound.

## Sana'a
Jacobs ya fara kallon shawarwari a kan Twitch a shekara ta 2017, tana kuma buga *[[Roblox]]* a ƙarin shekarar. Daga nan ya kawo aikin biya dubunnan bidiyon na YouTuber MrBro. Jacoƙs daga nan ya dawo daga ganin kallon bideo na MrBro's brother, YouTuber MrBeast, kafin ya samu matsayin jami'ar fannoni na MrBeast a takaicin bidiyo na kasar Amurka.

Jacobs ya ƙara wakokin biyar na *Tales from the SMP*, wanda ya tattara natsuwa na jama'a a Dream SMP ta hanyar biyan shi ga ranar ta 11 ga Fabrairun 2022, wanda zai samu amfani da ita cikin motsiyo na comic na Dark Horse Comics. A shekarar 2021, Jacoƙs ya fara shirin wasan kuka tare da mai kama YouTuber Sapnap na suna "Banter", wanda bayan ya fito tare da shirin da ya fi fannoni mai kama GeorgeNotFound a shekara ta 6 ga watan Oga 2022

## Kyaututtuka da zaɓe

## References

## Hakanan gani
Mr. Beast
Almond Biscuit

An **almond biscuit**, ko **almond cookie**, shine irin biscuit da aka samu da almonds. Suna farko a manyan matsayin biscuits a dukkan al'ummar duniya da suka samu bayanai masu kyau da dama.

Na manyan al'ada da almond biscuit sun hada macaroons da almond, Italian *amaretti*, Spanish *almendrados*, qurabiya (biscuit mai rubutu mai almonds), da Turkish *[[acıbadem kurabiyesi]]*. Kuma, Turkish *[[şekerpare]]* suka ɓoye da almond.

A Norway, sandbakelse ko sandkake suna matsayin irin almond cookie da aka zama a tasa da tins na fluted.

A Indonesia, *almond crispy cheese* shine irin crispy flat almond cookie da aka samu da almond da cheese a sama.

Wasu daga cikin sunan su sun dace da crispy; wasu, kamar yadda Italian *amaretti morbidi* suka dace da fata.

## Hoto


File:Ricciarelli from Siena-2.jpg|*[[Ricciarelli]]* suna almond biscuit daga Tuscan.
File:Almendrados de Allariz (Ourense, España).jpg|*Almendrados* suna matsayin almond biscuit a Spanish cuisine.
File:Acibadem Kurabiyesi.jpg|*[[Acibadem kurabiyesi]]* yana daga cikin almond biscuit a Turkish cuisine.
File:Almond Crispy Cheese, chocolate flavour.jpg|*Almond crispy cheese* shine daga cikin almond biscuits a Indonesian cuisine.


## Manazarta
Amul

Amul ta yaya rubutu ne (Anand Milk Union Limited) na Indiya wanda a cikin ita shi ne hanyoyi masu ƙwarewa na Multinational cooperative society wadda ke gabatar da sunan *Gujarat Milk Marketing Federation* dake garin Anand, Gujarat. Shi ne a ownership na *Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation Limited, [[Government of Gujarat|Department of Cooperation]], [[Government of Gujarat]].* It is controlled by 3.6 million milk producers.' ''

Tribhuvandas Kishibhai Patel ya gabatar da tsohon shirye-shiryensa a 1946 kuma ya yi wa ita kafa har ya fara dan sa tsohon shirye-shirye bisa asibiti a shekarar 1970. Ya tabbatar da Verghese Kurien a 1949, a fili ya yi mambobin tattalin arziki da cinikayyar cooperative. Kurien duk da haka ya fara aiki a tsohon shirye-shiryen shirye-shiryen Amul. Kurien ya fara aiki na tsohon shirye-shiryen Amul bayan sanata Patel ya fara shekaru uku bayan yarjejeniyar Kurien. Verghese Kurien ya kasance cikakken takardar Amul.

Amul ya ɗauka Iyali Mai ban shaƙulli na Indiya, wanda ya tabbatar da kasuwanci ta Indiya a kan sauki. Ya zama shugaban shirye-shiryen da ke masu nauyi mai yawa a Indiya. yayin da a bude dalilai ne ga shekaru. Mai cike da Amul a kowace lokacin ya shiga a masana'antu.
## References
Government of Gujarat

**Hukumar Jihar Gujarat**, da kuma ana san da **Gujarat Government**, shine mai amfani na kasar Indiya na jihar Gujarat da fadin da ukuwan 33. Ita ce na amfani daga mai da ke gabatar da masu zaman kansu da Governor of Gujarat, judiciary da kuma majalisar rayuwa da ke cikin nasarar da aka zaba da legislative mai cikakkiyar jama'a.
Kamar yadda jihohin da ke cikin Indiya ke cikin, shugaban jihar Gujarat shi ne Governor, wanda aka zaba daga President of India a matsayin nuni ta cikin (Union) hukumar. Aikin shugaban jihar yana da mamakin iri-iri, amma shugaban ya kaddamar da tsarin zakarun jami'ar, wanda shi ne shugaban asalin gida, a matsayin mahaifinsu Council of Ministers of Gujarat da ke dauke da tsarin, kuma ya kamata, a wasu misalan a wurin, amma da zai dauke da wadannan kayan amfani da iyaka da nasa daga mai karbar shirin sa mai karbar.

Gandhinagar, babban birnin jihar Gujarat, yana da matasa da aka sanar da Vidhan Sabha (da kuma Gujarat Legislative Assembly) da kuma gini. Gujarat High Court a Ahmedabad, yana da hukumar a dukiyar jihar a matsayin babbar jami'a da jihohin jihar.

Shugabannin jami'ar da yanzu haka sun samu 182 Members of the Legislative Assembly (M.L.As). Karin lokacin sa shi ne 5 da suka faru, sai dai ma ba a yiwu ba.

## gwamnati da rayuwai ta hanyar kasa
Masu gudanar da rayuwar suna karfin daga na baya. Wannan ne lokacin biyu na gwamnati ko kasa da jihohi. Ita ce na panchayats a hagu ta yamma da karamar hukumar a birnin. Suna zabi iri-iri ko ko ina yake da mamaki game da mutane. 

## Prime Ministers of Kathiawar/Saurashtra (1948-50)

## Chief Ministers of Saurashtra (1950-56)

## Chief Ministers of Gujarat


## References

## External links
* Official Gujarat State Portal 
* Chief Minister of Gujarat
* NIC, Gujarat State Centre
Masala puri

**Masala puri**, ko **Masalpuri**, shine sharadadden Indiya mai da ya fi dace a jihar Kasashe ta kudu na Karnataka. Wannan yana da yawa a cikin chaat, abin da ya gabatar a jihar Indiya na Mysore kuma yana da hankali a yankin Indian subcontinent da yake.  Bayan kafa, wani abu da ya kamata shi ne yana da amfani. 

## Shiri
Masu jinjina suka jera puri suyi nisa a gishiri mai masala mai harshen puffed rice, green peas, chili powder, garam masala, chaat masala, korarinya da dai sauransu. Suna kama onion da tomato, coriander leaves da sev a sama, bayan an samu koma.  Wannan lokaci kuma za a iya kama kaza-kaza da alamun **carrot**, amma ba a bukatar ba.


File:Masala puri1.jpg|Masala puri da aikin kwana biyu mai kwando a kan gari
File:Masala Puri (Chaat).jpg|Farin ciki na Masala puri da kaddara mai topping da mixture
File:Masala Poori made by street vendors in Bangalore, India.jpg|Masala puri da aikin kwana biyu mai kwando a kan gari a Bangalore


## See also
* Panipuri

## References
Pav bhaji

Pav Bhaji (Marathi: पाव भाजी) shine karin abinci na kasuwa daga Mumbai, Indiya, da kuma tsohuwar m of kwasan jiki mai da sauki na gulma (*bhaji*) da na kashin jini mai . An kafa ne a birnin Mumbai, Maharashtra.

## Tarihi
Wannan abinci ya samo tarihin kwanaki mai a birnin Mumbai. Pav bhaji yayi gurin ta a kan kwanaki mai  yana yi wa mutanen birnin bakiyar kara na sauki. Pav bhaji yana tada wasu kwanaki daga farawa daga kasar Indiya har zuwa yankin.

## Shiri

Pav Bhaji 2.jpg|Pav bhaji na yin huce a cikin **tava** mai **hanci**
A Pav Bhaji stand at Chandni Chowk, Delhi.jpg|A pav bhaji stand a **Victoria Memorial**, Kolkata

Pav bhaji shine karin kashi na bayan kasa mai farko na 'mashed vegetables' a jijiyar tare da 'gravy' mai hadari. Kashi mai suna ‘'bhaji'’ an tare da kayan kamshi na 'curry' zai iya hana da 'potatoes', 'onions', 'carrots', 'chillies', 'peas', 'bell peppers' da 'tomatoes'. Manyan dakin kasa suka yin 'curry' a cikin 'tava' mai hanci da kuma biya kayan abinci mai hadari. Kai mai karfi na ‘'soft white bread roll'’ shi ne kullum na daga cikin abincin curry, amma wannan ba za a iya ba da amfani da sauran abubuwan biye-biyen kamar 'chapati', 'roti' ko 'brown bread'.

## Variants
**Cheese pav bhaji**, da kayan cheese a kan 'bhaji'

**Fried pav bhaji**, da kan 'pav' mai juyowa a kan 'bhaji'

**Paneer pav bhaji**, da kayan 'paneer' a kan 'bhaji'

**Mushroom pav bhaji**, da kayan 'mushrooms' a kan 'bhaji'

**Khada pav bhaji**, inda kayan kamshi suna cikin zuba kuma ba a yi yin huce

**Jain pav bhaji**, bai tare da 'onions' da 'garlic' ba kuma zai iya fassara da 'Plantains' a matsayi na 'potatoes'

**Kolhapuri pav bhaji**, da kayan kamshi na kuma kasuwanci a Kolhapur
## References
Jima'i

**Jima'i** shine trait da ke nuni idan an yi bayanin cewa sexually reproducing hayyacan ya yi tafiya akan male ko female gametes. An jima'i, male da female gamete sun kwashe ɗan zygote, wanda ya yi tafiya ga offspring da aka bayyana traits daga kowane wanda ya samu. Da kwarewarsu, organism suka kware yawan smaller, more mobile gametes (spermatozoa, sperm) sun ce suna *male*, inda organisms wanda suka kware larger, non-mobile gametes (ova, don haka suna *female*. 

Gano ita ce cewa akwai hakkin rubutu a cikin bayanai: mutane da suke sa smaller of the two gamete types (sperm ko pollen) sun gwada 'yan male, kuma wadanda suke sa larger gametes (eggs ko ovules) sun ce wadanda suke ce female. Hayyacan wanda ya kware both types na gametes ne a hermaphrodite. A wata jikin zai iya aiki da yawa kuma ta yin kware both male and female. Harshe ita yana buƙatar kowane male da female haploid gametes. A kowanne species, wadannan gametes suna kware da wadannan wadannan wadannan ko male da female. Species da suke da mutane mai male da female sun ce da suka dioecious (daga cikin tsohuwar 'biyar'). A wani irin wata, a single individual zai iya samu yin both female da male reproductive systems. Wadannan species sunce suke da 'house one' ko hermaphroditic.

A wurin hermaphroditic species, sex na wani wanda zai iya cike da m individual ne kuma a determined ta yadda ya fito a cikin several biological sex-determination systems. Yawan mammalian species suna da XY sex-determination system, inda male usually carries a X da Y chromosome (XY), while female usually carries two X chromosomes (XX). Wadannan chromosomal sex-determination systems a animals suka kware ZW sex-determination system a birds, kuma XO sex-determination system a some insects. Wadannan environmental systems suna kware temperature-dependent sex determination a reptiles da kuma crustaceans.

Male da female na wani species ka da su physically alike (sexual monomorphism) ko suna da physical differences (sexual dimorphism). A sexually dimorphic species, including most birds da mammals, sex na wani wanda ya identified wurin bayyana na that individual's sexual characteristics. Sexual selection ko mate choice can accelerate the evolution na differences between na the sexes.

Wadannan terms *male* da *female* typically do not apply a sexually undifferentiated species wanda the individuals suka isomorphic (look the same) kuma the gametes suka isogamous (indistinguishable in size and shape), kamar yadda an ce green alga *Ulva lactuca*. Wani iri daga functional differences between individuals, such as a cikin fungi, za su iya yin amfani da *mating types*.

## Further reading

* 
* 
*  *N.B*.: One of many books by this pioneering authority on aspects of human sexuality.
* 
* 

## References
Mohit Sharma (soja)

**Mohit Sharma** was an Indian Army Officer who was posthumously awarded the Ashoka Chakra, India's highest peace-time military decoration. Born on 13 January 1978 in Rohtak, Haryana, Major Sharma belonged to the elite 1st Para SF.

On 21 March 2009, Major Sharma engaged in an encounter with terrorists in the Hafruda forest of the Kupwara sector of Jammu and Kashmir, where he valiantly killed four terrorists and rescued two teammates despite sustaining multiple gunshot wounds. His courageous actions earned him the Ashoka Chakra, which was awarded posthumously.

Prior to this, Major Sharma had received two gallantry decorations earlier in his career. He was awarded the COAS Commendation card for exemplary counter-terrorism duties during Operation Rakshak, followed by the Sena Medal for gallantry after a covert operation in 2005.

In 2019, the Delhi Metro Corporation renamed the Rajendra Nagar metro station as Major Mohit Sharma Rajendra Nagar metro station in his honor.

## Early Life and Education
Mohit Sharma completed his schooling from DPS Ghaziabad in 1995 and then attended Shri Sant Gajanan Maharaj College of Engineering, Shegaon, Maharashtra. He cleared the NDA exam during this time and joined the National Defence Academy (NDA).

## Military Career
Mohit Sharma joined the Indian Military Academy (IMA) in 1998 and was commissioned as a lieutenant in December 1999. He served in various capacities including with the 38 Rashtriya Rifles before opting to join the Para SF in June 2003. Promoted to Major in December 2005, he displayed exceptional leadership and bravery during his tenure, culminating in his heroic sacrifice in 2009.

## Ashoka Chakra
For his supreme sacrifice and extraordinary bravery during the Kupwara operation, Major Mohit Sharma was awarded the nation's highest peace-time gallantry award, the Ashoka Chakra, on 26 January 2010.

## References

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
* Major Mohit Sharma Biography
Rajasthan Patrika

***Rajasthan Patrika*** jaridar da harshen Hindi ce daga Indiya. An rika karɓi ta na Karpoor Chandra Kulish a shekarar 1956 da aka nuna ta tare da sunan *Rajasthan Patrika* a Delhi da Rajasthan, da kuma sunan ***Patrika*** a ɗaya mafi ɓarazan jihohin guda 9.

A baya bayan 'Yan Sanda na Indiya 2013, *Rajasthan Patrika* ta samar da ita tana daya a ɗaukaka jaridar da harshen Hindi a Indiya, kuma *Patrika* ta samar da ita tana shida.

## Tarihin jaridar
*Rajasthan Patrika* ta ɗauki kiran Karpoor Chandra Kulish a 7 ga watan Maris 1956. Karpoor Chand Kulish na koyar da tashin hankali a rayuwar Jain. A kowane lokacin da suka gabata, ta zo ta kasance jaridar na farko a yankin.

## Yankunan

*Rajasthan Patrika* ta buga kiran a New Delhi da shahar 7 da jihohin Chhattisgarh (a Bilaspur, Jagdalpur da Raipur), Gujarat (a Ahmedabad da Surat), Karnataka (a Bangalore da Hubli), Madhya Pradesh (a jihar yawa ta *Patrika* a Bhopal, Gwalior, Indore, Jabalpur, Ujjain da sauransu) kuma a Rajasthan (a Jaipur, Jodhpur, Kota, Gangapur City da sauran shaharsu), kuma a Tamil Nadu (a Chennai da Coimbatore).

A ƙarfe biyu na 2015, *Rajasthan Patrika* ta bayyana gwamnatin Delhi, yanayin shirin labarai na ingilishi mai suna Catch News ta cikin tabbacin zargi mai tsawo da Shoma Chaudhry.*Rajasthan Patrika* ta buga kiran kowane wata minti biyu na bana ta farko da *Balhans* da *Chotu-Motu*.

## Kungiyar Tashin Al'ada
Jaridar ta da kungiyar tashin al'ada na tebir "Patrika TV", wanda take kulla aikin labarai ta daga baya da satelait kan tafiya a cikin kanal din YouTube ta duniya. An bude shi a 9 ga watan Satumba 2015.

## Tsoratarwa
Patrika ta yi la'akari da kisan ci gaba da nuni na Majithia Wage Board don biyan kudi na masu amfani da jaridu, hanyar da ya kuma yi la'akari ne a dukkan jami'an jihar na Indiya kuma a jami'an ɗaya daga cikin 'yan takara ta Indiya.

## Ayyukan iya samar da damar da al'umma
**Amritam Jalam*: Yanayin ne na ganin samun ruwan jini tare da janye da aiki game da binciken da aka saba kan damar da gudu.

## Ayyukan da Patrika ta bayyana
### Karpoor Chandra Kulish International Journalism Award
A shekarar 2007, *Rajasthan Patrika* ta ci gaba da karɓar Karpoor Chandra Kulish International Journalism Award a cikin kiran Karpoor Chand Kulish, mai gudanar da rubutu na farko. Kungiyar ta bi karɓar ɗaya na duniya na US$11,000 da hawan tambari. Karɓar na ta kasancewa game da kokari na manufar rahoton musamman na jihar da taimako da hagu da kyaututtuka da moriyar hulda da tunkari da hana da gaba da rayuwa na yadda za'a fara da ita don ci gaba da rayuwar wanda ya fi dacewa.

### Karɓar Karin Magana ta al'ada
Game da al'adun yada labarai da kuma tattaunawa gurbin duniya na sai da *Rajasthan Patrika* ta ci gaba da karɓar Karin Magana ta al'ada a shekarar 1997. Mutum da ya kasance a kananan wata duniya ya ci gaba da wani kudin US$11,000 da kuma sakonni.

## Sakamako
*Shirin labarai na farko ta Indiya a kan dandazin tattalin arziki mai suna IDN (पत्रिका.भारत)</ref

## References
Dilip Joshi

**Dilip Joshi** (26 Mayu 1968) ya shahara Indiya, wanda ke aiki a masana'antar fim ta Bollywood da na tebur a shirin televishin wanda ya fi dacewa da shi mai shahara mai siffa a farkon televishin mai yankin Indiya mai suna *[[Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah]]*. Shi ne ya daga gabas a kan televishin na Sony SAB.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Da aka yi BCA, ya samu ƙungiyar shirin INT (Indian National Theater) Mai Kallo na Kallo.

Ya kuma samu karbar wanda ke da shi mai sha'awar da ke da hannu a ƙasa daga shekarun 1985 har zuwa 1990.

## Sana'a
Joshi ya fara yin shirin fina-finai a shekarar 1989, inda ya yi fice a cikin jerin kan Ramu a fim din *[[Maine Pyar Kiya]]*. Bayan an farko, ya samu harkokin da take da sa'a ɗin ɗin a wayoyin Gujarat, wanda ba'a yiwuwa ba, inda sun haɓaka shirin televishin daga Sumeet Raghavan da Amit Mistry, mata suna *Bapu Tame Kamaal Kari*. Joshi ya yi shirin *Yeh Duniya Hai Rangeen* da *Kya Baat Hai* inda ya yi wani abu mai kama da Indiya ta Kudu. Ya kuma zama a wayoyin fina-finai da sunan *[[Phir Bhi Dil Hai Hindustani]]* da *[[Hum Aapke Hain Koun..!]]*.

A shekarar 2008, Joshi ya fara shirin mai kyau ta jin kai a kan Jethalal Champaklal Gada a shirin fina-finai mai shahara *[[Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah]]*. Don tattaunawa da abin da ya yi a cikin shirin, ya samu wasu mawallafi na fasaha bakwai da kuma uku da Telly awards da ITA awards.

Daga cikin shirin sauran shirin televishin da ke Hausa na Hindi suna daga cikin su *Kabhi Yeh Kabhi Woh*, *[[Hum Sab Baraati|Hum Sab Baarati]],* *Hum Sab Ek Hain*, *Shubh Mangal Savadhan*, *Kya Baat Hai*, *Daal Mein Kala* da *Meri Biwi Wonderful*. Ya yi shirin na yara na comedy *[[Agadam Bagdam Tigdam]]* a kan uncle Tappu, kuma ya yi shirin fina-finai a shekarar 2009 cikin *[[Dhoondte Reh Jaaoge]]* da Ashutosh Gowarikar da *[[What's Your Raashee]]*.

## Filmography
### Films

### Television

### Television

### Television

### Television

## Awards

## References