open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Clare Polkinghorne

**Clare Elizabeth Polkinghorne** (An haife ta a ranar 1 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1989) ƴar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Australiya wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida ga ƙungiyar Damallsvenskan ta ƙasar Sweden Kristianstads DFF da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Australia . Ta zama ƴar wasan da ta fi buga kwallo a ƙasar Ostiraliya a watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2023. 

## Ayyukan kulob ɗin

### INAC Kobe Leonessa
A kakar Wasa ta Shekarar 2014, an ba da rancen Polkinghorne ga INAC Kobe Leonessa a Ƙasar Japan.

### Ƙaya ta Portland
Polkinghorne ta sanya hannu ga Portland Thorns a cikin Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Ƙasa bayan gasar cin Kofin Duniya na 2015.  Portland Thorns ta yi watsi da Polkinghorne a watan Fabrairun 2016. 

### Brisbane Roar
A ranar 7 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2017, Polkinghorne ya zama ɗan wasa na farko da Ta buga wasanni Guda  100 a W-League, dukansu an buga su ne ga Brisbane Roar .  A watan Disamba na Shekarar  2020, Polkinghorne ta sake sanya hannu tare da Brisbane Roar bayan ta kwashe lokacin hutu a Avaldsnes.

### Houston Dash (2018-2019)
A ranar 7 ga Yunin shekarar  2018, Polkinghorne Ta sanya hannu tare da Houston Dash . 

### Vittsjö GIK (2021-2023)
Polkinghorne ta sanya hannu a kulob ɗin Damallsvenskan na ƙasar Sweden Vittsjö GIK a ranar 19 ga Maris na shekarar 2021. 

### Kristianstads DFF (2024-)
A ranar 25 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2023, Polkinghorne ta shiga Kristianstads DFF don kakar Damallsvenskan ta Shekarar  2024. 

## Ayyukan ƙasa da ƙasa
Polkinghorne ta fara wakiltar tawagar ƙasar Australia a shekara ta 2006 kuma ta buga wasanni sama da guda 160, inda ta zira kwallaye 16. Ta taka leda a gasar cin Kofin Duniya na 2015  da kuma gasar cin kofin duniya ta shekara ta  2011 kuma ta kasance memba ne na tawagar da ba a yi amfani da ita ba a lokacin gasar cin kofen duniya ta shekarar 2015.

An zaɓi Polkinghorne don ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta Matildas ta Australiya wacce ta cancanci gasar Olympics ta Tokyo 2020. Matildas sun ci gaba zuwa kashi huɗu na ƙarshe tare da nasara ɗaya da kuma zana a wasan rukuni. A cikin kwata-kwata sun doke Biritaniya 4-3 bayan karin lokaci. Koyaya, sun rasa 1-0 ga Sweden a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe sannan Amurka ta doke su 4-3 a wasan tagulla.

## Ƙididdigar aiki

### Manufofin ƙasa da ƙasa

## Daraja
**Queensland Sting**

* Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Kasa: 2005 

**Brisbane Roar**

* W-League Firimiya: 2008-09, 2012-132012–13
* Gasar W-League: 2008-09, 2010-112010–11

**Ostiraliya**

* Gasar Mata ta AFF: 2008
* Kofin Asiya na Mata na AFC: 2010
* Gasar cancantar gasar Olympics ta AFC: 2016
* Gasar Kasashe: 2017
* Kofin Kasashen FFA: 2019

**Mutumin da ya fi so**

* 2012-13 Julie Dolan Medal: Mafi kyawun ɗan wasa a cikin 2012-13 W-League
* 2017-18 Julie Dolan Medal: Mafi kyawun ɗan wasa a cikin 2017-18 W-League (tare da Sam Kerr) 

## Dubi kuma

* Ostiraliya a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2020
* Jerin 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na mata tare da 100 ko fiye

## Manazarta
Ayawovi Demba Tignokpa

**Ayawovi Demba Tignokpa** 'yar siyasar ƙasar Togo ce. Ta riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi  daga shekarar 2002 zuwa 2003, sannan kuma ministar tsare-tsare da haɗin gwiwa daga watan Janairun shekarar 2019 zuwa Oktoba 2020.

## Rayuwa
Ayawovi Demba Tignokpa ita ce Ministar Tattalin Arziki, Kuɗi da kuma kamfanoni daga shekarun 2002 zuwa 2003. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta zama ministar kuɗi a ƙasar Togo. 

Demba Tignokpa ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin mataimaka uku, da kuma 'yan majalisar wakilai biyu na jamhuriyar, waɗanda aka zaɓa daga yankin Bassar a zaɓen 'yan majalisa na shekarar 2013. 

A shekarar 2015 Tignokpa ta kasance memba na kungiyar 'yan majalisar dokokin Afirka kan kimanta ci gaban ƙasa  (APNODE). 

A cikin shekara ta 2017 Tignokpa tana aiki a matsayin shugabar kwamitin asusun jama'a na Togo (Togo PAC),  kuma a matsayin shugabar kungiyar kwamitocin asusun jama'a na Afirka ta Yamma (WAAPAC). 

An shigar da Demba Tignokpa cikin majalisar ministocin Firayim Minista Komi Sélom Klassou a wani sauyi da aka sanar a ranar 25 ga watan Janairu 2019.  Ta maye gurbin Kossi Assimaidou a matsayin ministar tsare-tsare da raya ƙasa, tare da faɗaɗa ayyukan da suka haɗa da haɗin gwiwa.  A watan Fabrairun 2019 an naɗa ta na shekara 3 a matsayin shugabar tsarin haɗin gwiwar ƙasa don samun kuɗaɗen da asusun duniya ke bayarwa don yaki da cutar kanjamau, tarin fuka da zazzabin cizon sauro a Togo. Ta rasa muƙamin ta na minista a majalisar ministocin Victoire Tomégah-Dogbe a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2020, inda ma'aikatar tsare-tsare da haɗin gwiwa ta kasance ƙarƙashin shugabancin jamhuriyar.

## Manazarta
Yawa Djigbodi Tségan

**Chantal Yawa Djigbodi Tségan** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1971) 'yar siyasar ƙasar Togo ce wacce ta kasance Shugabar Majalisar Dokokin ƙasar da ba ta da tushe tsakanin shekarun Janairun shekarar 2019 da Yuni 2024.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Chantal Yawa Djigbodi Tségan an haife ta a ranar 5 ga watan Agustan shekarar 1971 a Kpélé-Agavé a Kloto.  Tana da digiri na biyu a fannin shari'a na kasuwanci daga Jami'ar Benin da ke Togo da kuma Diploma na Binciken Haraji daga Makarantar Haraji ta Clermont-Ferrand a Faransa. 

## Sana'a
Tségan mai duba haraji ce, tana aiki da Sashen Manyan Kamfanoni.   Ta kuma yi aiki a Babban Darakta na Haraji kuma a watan Oktoba 2010 ta zama shugabar ma'aikata na ma'aikatar sufuri.   

An zaɓi Tségan a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa  don wakiltar Kloto-Kpelé a watan Yuli 2013 da kuma a cikin watan Disamba 2018, lokacin da ta zama farkon mai tayar da hankali a Majalisar.    Ita memba ce a jam'iyyar Shugaba Faure Gnassingbe, Union for the Republic (UNIR) kuma ta kasance ma'ajin tun a watan Oktoba 2017.   

An zaɓi Tségan a matsayin shugabar majalisar a ranar 23 ga watan Janairun 2019 da kuri'u 88 cikin 89, kuma ita ce mace ta farko da ta riƙe muƙamin.   Sai dai kuma 'yan adawar sun soki matsayinta a matsayin wani ɓangare na yunkurin Gnassingbe na yin hoton dimokuradiyya duk da "danniya da wahala". 

A watan Disamba na 2020, Tségan ta jagoranci tawagar sa ido ta Internationale de la Francophonie da ke ba da rahoto game da babban zaɓe a Nijar, inda ta bayyana cewa an gudanar da zaɓukan "cikin lumana da kwanciyar hankali." 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Tségan tana da aure kuma tana da ’ya’ya uku. 

## Manazarta
Biyémi Brigitte Brym

**Biyémi Brigitte Brym** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1931), wacce kuma aka sani da **Biyémi Brigitte Brym-Kekeh**, lauya ce kuma 'yar  siyasar ƙasar Togo. A farkon shekarun 1960, ta zama majistare mace ta farko a ƙasar Togo. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Biyémi Brigitte Brym a Lomé, Togo, a cikin shekarar 1931.   Ta yi makarantar firamare da sakandare a Lomé a abin da zai zama Lycée Bonnecarrère. 

Kusan shekaru 1960, Brym ta fara aiki da doka kuma ta zama mace ta farko mai shari'a a Togo.    Har ila yau, ta kasance cikin alkalai na farko da suka zo daga Togo, domin a lokacin yawancin waɗanda ke aiki a ƙasar sun fito ne daga Faransa.

Daga baya ta zama mace ta farko da ta zama shugabar Majalisar Shari’a ta Kotun Koli ta Togo.  Ita kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan ministocin gwamnatin Togo mata, bayan shugaba Gnassingbe Eyadéma ya naɗa ta a matsayin sakatariyar harkokin mata a ƙarshen shekarun 1970.  

A cikin shekarar 1982, an naɗa ta kwamanda a cikin Togo Order of Mono. 

## Manazarta
Véronique Massan Osséyi

**Véronique Massan Osséyi**, wacce kuma aka sani da **Véronique Dagadzi**, (c. 1940 – 7 Maris 2010 a Paris), ta kasance majistare na ƙasar Togo, 'yar siyasa, kuma masaniya a fannin shari'a. Ta kasance mai sha'awar yanayin mata a Togo a cikin aikinta na shari'a.

Osséyi kuma ita ce matar shugaba Gnassingbe Eyadéma.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife ta a shekara ta 1940 ko 1941  a arewacin Togo.  Ita ce 'yar "Mama" Yawa Osséyi.  Ta halarci makarantar sakandare a Lomé. Daga cikin abokan karatunta akwai marubuci Koffi Gomez da majagaba na rediyon Togo Charles Ameganvi.  Daga nan Osséyi ta karanci shari'a a Faransa, na farko a Jami'ar Caen Normandy  daga baya kuma a Makarantar Shari'a ta Faransa, a cikin shekarar 1970s.  Ta samu tallafin karatu daga gwamnatin Togo a lokacin don tallafa wa karatun ta.  

Daga baya, ta zama alkaliya a Lomé  sannan kuma ta zama fitacciyar minista,  kuma ta auri Gnassingbe Eyadéma.  Dagadzi shi ma masanin shari'a ne wanda ya mayar da hankali kan batun matsayin mata a cikin al'ummar Togo.    Ita ce mahaifiyar 'ya'ya huɗu, ciki har da Mey Gnassingbe, kuma ta zama majistare a shekara ta 1972.  A lokacin aikinta, ta zama kwamandan Order of Mono da Grand Officer of the National Order of Merit. 

Ta rasu a ranar 7 ga watan Maris, 2010 a birnin Paris, kuma bayan wani vigil a Cocin Presbyterian na Lomé, an binne Osséyi a Amou Oblo  a gaban Shugaban Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa, Abass Bonfoh. 

## Manazarta
Anne-Laure Folly

**Anne-Laure Folly** (an Haife ta a ranar 31 ga watan Maris 1954) mai shirya fina-finai ne daga Togo.

## Aiki
A cikin shekarar 1994 Anne-Laure Folly ta lashe lambar azurfa a bikin Telebijin na Monte Carlo don shirinta na *[[Femmes aux yeux ouverts|Femmes aux yeux]]* (Mata da idanun sua buɗe). Wannan fim ya naƙalto mata daga Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali, da Senegal suna tattaunawa game da rayuwarsu.  Shirin ya buɗe wannan fim, na biyu, ya sa wata budurwa ta zura ido cikin kyamara tana karanta wakar:

Wakar Monique Ilboudo ta Burkina Faso ce, ɗaya daga cikin matan da aka nuna a cikin shirin.  Fim ɗin ya ba wa mata daban-daban daga Mali, Senegal, Burkina Faso da Benin damar yin magana game da yadda suke magance matsalolin da suke fuskanta. Sashe bakwai sun shafi batutuwan clitoridectomy, auren dole, HIV/AIDS, gwagwarmaya, rayuwa, tattalin arziki da siyasa. Yana nuna rashin jituwa a cikinsa wanda mata ke da alhakin rayuwa da jin daɗin iyalansu, amma ba a ba su murya kaɗan a cikin manyan yanke shawara. 

Folly's 1996 *[[Les Oubliées]]* (Matan da aka manta) shiri ne game da Angola. Bayan shekaru goma na gwagwarmayar neman 'yancin kai, yakin Angola ya ci gaba har tsawon shekaru ashirin. Fim ɗin ya yi tsokaci ne kan dalilan da suka sa mayakan, waɗanda ke da alaka da yakin sanyi, tsoma bakin Cuba da kuma mulkin wariyar launin fata na Afirka ta Kudu.  A cikin wannan fim ɗin, Folly ta sake barin mata su faɗi nasu labarin. Ta kan nuna mata daga tsakiya ko na kusa, ta tilasta wa mai kallo ya mai da hankali kan fuskokinsu maimakon jikkunansu ko kewaye, kuma ta ɗauki lokaci tana bari su su faɗi abin da za su faɗa, ta ba da mahangar mata na musamman game da rikicin.  Folly ta shiga cikin fim ɗin ta hanyar muryarta, tana ba da wani abu mai mahimmanci. Ta yarda cewa ba ta saba da Angola ba, kuma tabbas ba hukuma ba ce. 

Fim ɗinta *[[Sarah Maldoror ou la nostalgie de l'utopie]]* (1998) kyauta ce ga Sarah Maldoror, wacce ta yi fim ɗin al'ada *[[Sambizanga (fim)|Sambizanga]]* (1972). 

## Fina-finai

* 1992 *Le Gardien des Forces*. Bidiyo, minti 52, shiri ne na dakwamentiri
* 1993 *Femmes du Niger*. Bidiyo, minti 26., shiri ne na dakwamentiri 
* 1993 *L'Or du Liptako*. Bidiyo, min 13.
* 1994 *[[Femmes aux yeux ouverts|Femmes aux yeux ya mamaye]]*. Bidiyo, minti 52, shiri ne na dakwamentiri 
* 1995 *Les Amazones ya sake dawowa*. Bidiyo, minti 13, shiri ne na dakwamentiri 
* 1996 *Daga Itace zuwa Dugout/Entre l'arbe et la pirogue* . 52 min., daftarin aiki
* 1997 *[[Les Oubliées]]*. 16mm, 52 min., takardun shaida
* 1998 *[[Sarah Maldoror ou la nostalgie de l'utopie]]*. 16mm, 26 min., takardun shaida
* 1999 *Deposez les Lames* . 25 min., Documentary

## Manazarta

**Sources**
 ***
Jessie Rose-Innes

Lady Jessie Rose-Innes ( née Dods Pringle, 1 Nuwamba 1860 - 4 Yuni 1943) ma'aikaciyar jinya ce ta Afirka ta Kudu, mai fafutukar jin daɗin jama'a kuma ɗan asalin Burtaniya . Ta auri Sir James Rose-Innes, wanda ya zama Babban Alkalin Afirka ta Kudu . [1]

## Iyali
An haifi Rose-Innes a cikin 1860 a Glen Lynden kuma ta girma a yankin Bedford na Gabashin Cape . Iyayenta sune mazaunin Scotland 1820 William Dods Pringle da matarsa Harriet Pringle née Hockly.

Rose-Innes na ɗaya daga cikin mata na farko da suka halarci Jami'ar Cape Town bayan ta zama cikakkiyar cibiyar koyar da ilimi,  ta sami horo a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya da kuma lokacin Yaƙin Afirka ta Kudu, kuma ta kasance memba na Kwamitin Red Cross na Good Hope. Ta kasance mai haɗin gwiwa kuma shugabar Cibiyar Nurses ta Victoria kuma ta kasance mai aiki a Pretoria Benevolent Society, Pretoria Women's Cooperative da Ƙungiyar Kiristoci na Matasa.

## Aure
Ta auri 'yar siyasar Liberal kuma ta yi hukunci James Rose-Innes a kan 18 Oktoba 1881.   Sun san juna tun suna yara, lokacin da dangin Rose-Innes suka yi hutu a gonar dangin Pringle. Suna da ɗiya ɗaya, Dorothy Rose-Innes,  wanda aka haifa a cikin 1884, ya auri filin wasa na Jamus Count Helmuth von Moltke na Kreisau 1905,  kuma yana aiki a cikin motsi na Kimiyyar Kirista . 

## Ayyukan aiki
Rose-Innes kuma abokiyar marubuci ce, mai fafutuka kuma mai fafutuka Olive Schreiner kuma sun yi musayar wasiku a duk rayuwarsu.   

Rose-Innes ta zama mai ƙwazo a cikin yaƙin neman zaɓen mata a Afirka ta Kudu kuma ta kasance memba a Ƙungiyar Tallafawa Mata . A cikin 1914 an zabe ta shugabar reshen Cape Town na Majalisar Mata ta Kasa.  Yaƙin neman zaɓe a Afirka ta Kudu ya kasance mai sarƙaƙƙiya kuma an tsara shi ta hanyar kabilanci, aji da gwagwarmayar al'ummar ƙasar da wariyar launin fata .  Matan farar fata na Afirka ta Kudu sun yi sha'awar samun kuri'u, kuma wasu sun amince su bi tsarin wariyar launin fata na Afirka ta Kudu don yin hakan.  Rose-Innes ta yarda da yuwuwar cancantar tseren neman izinin mata a shekara ta 1926, tana mai cewa "mun sani a cikin zukatanmu ba za mu sami duk abin da muka roƙa ba, amma muna matukar damuwa da rabin burodin. ɗayan yana iya zuwa."  Dokar Haɓaka Mata, 1930 ta ba da ƙuri'a ga mata farar fata kawai. 

## Mutuwa
Rose-Innes ya mutu a shekara ta 1943.  An binne ta a makabartar Maitland, Cape Town. 

## Manazarta
Kumudini Basu

Kumudini Basu ( née Mitra, 1873-1942) marubuci ne na Bengali, mai kawo sauyi, mai fafutukar yanci kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata a Biritaniya Indiya .

## Iyali
An haifi Basu a cikin 1873 a Calcutta, West Bengal, Indiya, kuma ita ce babbar diya ga Krishna Kumar Mitra mai kishin Indiya .   Tana da 'yar'uwa mai suna Basanti Chakravorty ( née Mitra ). 

Basu ya auri 'yar kasuwa Sarat Chandra Basu-Mullik.

## Sana'a
Basu ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Calcutta . 

Basu ta yi aiki a matsayin marubuci kuma ta shirya wallafe-wallafen *Suprabhat* (1907-14), wanda ita ma ta kafa,  da *Bangalakshmi* *(1925-27)* .  Ta buga littattafai da wakoki da yawa,  ciki har da littafin *Sikher Balidan* (Haɗin Sikh).

Basu ya shiga cikin ƙungiyar ba da haɗin kai ta Indiya. 

Ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar Bharat Stree Mahamandal (Babban Da'irar Matan Indiya), wanda ke da nufin haɓaka ilimin mata .  Basu ya yi yakin neman 'yancin mata na kada kuri'a kuma yana daya daga cikin shugabannin, tare da Kamini Roy da Mrinalini Sen,  na Nigil Bangiya Nari Votadhikar Samiti (All Bengali Women's Franchise Association) wanda ya yi gwagwarmaya don zaben mata.  16 ga watan Agustan 1925, Majalisar Dokokin Bengal ta zartar da kudurin yin amfani da ikon amfani da sunan mata da kuri'u mafi rinjaye,  ta baiwa wasu matan Bengali damar yin amfani da 'yancinsu a karon farko a babban zaben Indiya na 1926 . A cikin 1935, Basu ya rubuta wa Kwamitin Lothian, wanda kuma aka sani da Kwamitin Franchise na Indiya, don raba ra'ayoyinta game da zaɓe na duniya.  Ita ce kansila ta farko da aka zaba a cikin Municipal Corporation na Calcutta. 

Duk da irin shawarar da ta ke yi na ’yancin kada kuri’a na mata, Basu na fargabar kada kada kuri’a na iya tilasta wa mata masu mutunci su hada kai da “matan da ba a so,” irin su karuwai.  Ta ba da shawarar cewa masu yin lalata su yi rajista da 'yan sanda kuma a tilasta musu yin amfani da rumfunan zabe daban-daban don kada kuri'a.

Basu ya kuma yi tir da aikin purdah a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da "lalacewar ruhi, tunani, da jiki na maza da mata." 

Ta mutu a cikin 1942 a Calcutta, West Bengal, Indiya.

## Manazarta
Mabel Malherbe

Mabel Catherine Malherbe (9 ga Agusta 1879 - 1 Fabrairu 1964) 'yar siyasa ce ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai fafutukar neman zaɓen mata. Ita ce mace ta farko magajin garin Pretoria daga 1931 zuwa 1932. Ta kuma zama mace ta farko da ta zama 'yar majalisar dokokin Afirka ta Kudu a shekarar 1934. [1] [2] [3]

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Wata zuriyar George Rex na Knysna, Mable Catherine Rex ta fara kuruciyarta a Pretoria na Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Kudu, daga baya kuma a Rustenburg, kafin ta kammala karatunta a Rondebosch a yankin Cape Colony . Bayan barkewar yakin Boer na biyu, ta shiga kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross. A lokacin da take aiki da kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross ta sadu da Kenne Nicholaas De Kock Malherbe, wanda ta aura a shekarar 1903.

Da taimakon Misis Koopmans-De Wet, ta tafi Netherlands inda ta kwashe shekaru uku tana horo a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya. A lokacin da ta koma Pretoria a 1904, ta fara gudanar da ayyukan agaji kuma ta zama fitacciyar memba a cikin ƙungiyoyi masu yawa na mata akfrikaner, ta zama mai zartarwa na ƙungiyar matan Afirka ta Kudu daga 1917.

A matsayinta na wakiliyar Majalisar Mata ta Afirka ta Kudu, Mabel Malherbe ta halarci taron mata na duniya a Geneva. A cikin 1919 ta kafa Afrikaans-Hollandse Leesunie kuma ta ƙirƙiri wata mujalla mai tasiri na kowane wata, Die Boerevrou, mujallar mata ta farko a cikin Afirkaans .

A matsayinta na macen da ta taka rawar gani a siyasa kafin mata ma su sami damar kada kuri'a, ta shiga cikin kafa reshen mata na jam'iyyar National Party a Transvaal a shekarar 1915. A tsakiyar *Nasionale Vroueparty* (Jam'iyyar National Party, reshen mata), ta yi yakin neman zaben mata . A cikin mahallin wannan zamani, matan Afirka ta Kudu farar fata ne kawai za a ba su 'yancin kada kuri'a, wanda ya faru a 1931.

An zabe ta a Majalisar Municipal na Pretoria na tsawon shekaru shida, ta zama mace ta farko a matsayin magajin gari a Afirka ta Kudu (1931-1932). A watan Yunin 1933, an zabe ta zuwa majalisar larduna ta Transvaal a matsayin wakiliyar jam'iyyar National Party. Daga baya, a cikin 1934, ta zama mace ta farko da aka zaba a majalisar dokokin Afirka ta Kudu, inda ta wakilci gundumar Wonderboom. Mai aminci ga James Barry Hertzog, ta shiga jam'iyyar United Party a lokacin hadewar jam'iyyar National Party da jam'iyyar Afirka ta Kudu . A lokacin zamanta na majalisar dokoki, ta yi gwagwarmaya ba kawai don ciyar da 'yancin mata ba, har ma da wasu da aka ware saboda matsalolin tattalin arziki.

A cikin 1939, ta bar Jam'iyyar United tare da Hertzog da sauran 'yan majalisa da ke adawa da shiga yakin. Kamar su, ta koma jam'iyyar National Party karkashin jagorancin Daniel Francois Malan na wani dan lokaci kadan, kafin ta shiga cikin kafuwar jam'iyyar Afrikaner tare da Nicolaas Havenga da wadanda har yanzu suka kasance masu biyayya ga Hertzog.

A cikin 1953, Mabel Catherine ta sami digiri na girmamawa a fannin adabi daga Jami'ar Pretoria.

## Manazarta
Ivy Claire Amoko

**Ivy Claire Amoko** 'yar wasan dara ce 'yar ƙasar Uganda. A cikin shekarar alif 2014, ta zama mace ta farko Woman Fide Master a Gabashin Afirka.  

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Amoko ga Stella Arach-Amoko da Idule Amoko.  Ta halarci makarantar Shimoni Demonstration School na firamare sannan daga baya St Joseph's Nsambya (O-level) da Nabisunsa Girls (A-level). 

## Aikin wasan dara
A shekarar 2007 ne Amoko ta fara wasan dara. 

Ta kasance wacce ta lashe lambar zinare a darasi a cikin Wasannin Jami'o'i a shekarar 2007 da 2008, tana wasa a Jami'ar Makerere. 

A shekara ta 2012, Amoko da Phiona Mutesi sun sami lambar yabo ta 'yar takara Master bayan sun ci kashi 50% da ake buƙata a wasanni tara a gasar Chess Olympic karo na 40 a Istanbul, Turkiyya. Hakan ya sanya su zama 'yan wasa mata na farko a tarihin Ches na Uganda.   

Amoko ta yi nasara a wasanta na farko a gasar Chess na tunawa da Rwabushenyi a ɓangaren mata a shekarar 2014, bayan ta lashe dukkan wasanninta takwas na gasar, inda ta ɗauki kambun daga Phiona Mutesi. 

A ƙarshen 41st Chess Olympiad a Tromsø a shekara ta 2014, Amoko ta ɗaukaka zuwa Woman Fide Master; ita ce mace ta farko da ta samu wannan matsayi a gabashin Afirka.  

A halin yanzu tana taka leda da Kireka Panthers Chess Club, a gasar Chess ta Uganda. 

## Manazarta
Paulina Hassoun

Pauline Hassoun ( Arabic ; 1895–1969) yar jarida ce kuma malamar Iraqi, wacce ita ce mace ta farko da ta samu kuma ta buga mujalla a Iraki .

## Tarihin Rayuwa

An haifi Hassoun a Daular Ottman (a yankin da ke Jordan a yanzu) a cikin 1895 ga mahaifinsa daga Mesofotamiya kuma mahaifiyar Siriya. Iyalinta sun shiga tsakanin yankunan daular Usmaniyya da a yanzu su ne Siriya, Falasdinu da Jordan, sannan kuma ta shafe wani lokaci a Masar kafin ta zauna a Bagadaza . 

A can, ta kasance memba ta kafa kungiyar farkawa ta mata. Dan uwanta shine Salim Hassoun, wanda shine mamallakin jaridar *[[Al-Alam Al-Arabi]] .*

A lokacin da aka kaddamar da Majalisar Zartaswa ta Iraki a shekara ta 1924, Paulina Hassun ta yi kira ga Majalisar cewa kada a cire mata daga shiga siyasa a sabuwar al'ummar, kuma daya daga cikin mambobin, Amjad al-Umari, ba ta yi nasara ba a shafe kalmar "namiji" daga cikin dokar zabe ta sanya mata a cikinta. 

Mai sha'awar aikin jarida, Hassoun ya kafa *Layla* a 1923 a matsayin mujallar da za ta buga "duk wani sabon abu mai amfani da ya shafi kimiyya, fasaha, adabi, zamantakewa da kuma kula da gida".  Mujallar ta yi aiki na tsawon shekaru biyu, tare da fitowa ta ƙarshe a ranar 15 ga Agusta 1925. Hassoun ya rufe shi saboda dalilai na kudi kuma tun lokacin yakin neman zaben mata ya tilasta mata barin Baghdad.   Ta tafi a watan Disamba 1925.  Mujallar ana daukarta a matsayin "jarida ta farko ta mata ta Iraki".  Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugabar makarantar 'yan mata a Bagadaza.  Ba a san komai game da rayuwarta ba kuma ta mutu a 1969. 

## Legacy
Ana daukar Hassoun a matsayin mace ta farko 'yar jarida a Iraki kuma majagaba ta mata a kasar . 

## Manazarta
Esther Opoti Dhugira

**Esther Opoti Dhugira** (9 Satumba 1962 - 18 Agusta 2001) 'yar majalisar dokokin Uganda ce kuma mace 'yar majalisa mai wakiltar Nebbi a Majalisar Dokoki ta 7 ta Uganda. A majalisar dokokin Uganda tsakanin shekarun 1994 zuwa 1995, ta wakilci gundumar Okoro a Nebbi. Dhugira tare da Winnie Byanyima da sauransu na ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa Forum for Women in Democracy (FOWODE).

## Tarihi da ilimi
Bisa ga yabon ta da Loyce Bwambale ta yi a zaman majalisa a shekara ta 2001, an haifi Dhugira ga Onenoth Opoti Jalmoi, jami'in ilimi na gundumar da Vitali Opoti a garin Kituli. 

Ta halarci makarantun firamare da dama irin su Arua Public School a shekarar 1969 sannan ta yi karatun firamare a makarantar gwamnati ta Kitgum.  Ta wuce makarantar sakandare ta Kitgum, Kwalejin Dr. Obote, da Boroboro a Lira, inda ta kammala karatunta na O-Level a shekarar 1983. 

Dhugira ta samu Diploma a fannin Ilimi a Onyama National Teachers College da ke Gulu da kuma Kwalejin Horar da Malamai ta Nkozi a shekarar 1987. 

Daga baya ta halarci Jami'ar Makerere inda ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin ilimin zamantakewa, ta kware a fannin Kimiyyar Siyasa tare da nuna son kai a fannin Gudanar da Jama'a da Psychology. 

## Sana'a
A cikin shekarar 1998, Dhugira malama ce a Erusi Senior Secondary School a Nebbi kuma daga baya ta shiga National Resistance Council (NRC) a shekarar 1989. 

An zaɓe ta a Hukumar Gudanarwa, Kinyara Sugar Works Limited a shekara ta 1991 kuma ta kasance Darakta a Hukumar Kula da Shige da Fice, daga shekarun 1994.  Ta kuma kasance memba na Hukumar Alƙawari a Cibiyar Ilimi, ITEK- Kyambogo. 

A lokacin zaɓen Majalisar Mazaɓu ta Uganda na shekarar 1994, an zaɓi Dhugira a matsayin wakiliyar don wakiltar Okoro County a Nebbi. 

Ta yi rashin nasara a zaɓen ‘yan majalisar dokoki da marigayi Anthony Ofwori Rugete a shekarar 1996. Ta sake tsayawa takara a babban zaɓen shekarar 2001 kuma ita ce wakiliyar mace Nebbi a majalisar dokokin Uganda ta 7 har zuwa rasuwarta a wannan shekarar. An maye gurbinta da Betty Odongo Pacuto.

A cikin shekarar 1995, tare da Winnie Byanyima, Solome Mukisa, Betty Akech, Loyce Bwambale, Tezira Jamwa, Margaret Zziwa, Benigna Mukiibi da Margaret Ssebagereka, Dhugira sun kafa FOWODE.  

## Rayuwa ta sirri
A ranar 18 ga watan Agusta, 2001, Dhugira ta mutu a Asibitin Mulago, inda ta shafe makonni uku tana fama da ciwon ciki. Ta rasu ta bar ‘ya’ya mata biyu. 

## Duba kuma

* Majalisar Uganda
* gundumar Nebbi

## Manazarta
Shigeri Yamataka

Shigeri Yamataka (山高しげり, Yamataka Shigeri, 1899 – 1977), wacce aka fi sani da Kaneko Shigeri kuma daga baya aka san ta da Yamataka Shigeri (wani lokaci ana kuskuren kiran ta da Shigeri Takayama), fitacciyar ‘yar gwagwarmaya ce a fagen kare haƙƙin mata a Japan. Ita ce ta kafa Kungiyar Kare Haƙƙin Mata (League for the Defense of Women's Rights).

A shekarar 1952, ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Chifuren, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙungiyoyin mata a Japan da ke da sama da miliyan shida na mambobi. Haka kuma, ta shugabanci Chifuren a matsayinta na shugaba.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Yamataka a yankin Mie .  Ta fara aikinta a Japan a matsayin 'yar jarida.  Ta yi aiki a *Kokumin Shinbun* da *Shufu no Tomo* . Tare da Fusae Ichikawa, ta haɗu da kafa Ƙungiyar Suffrage ta Mata (Ƙungiyar Suffrage League) a Japan a cikin 1924. Suna fatan ba da damar zaɓe ga mata, amma lokacin da gwamnati ta zartar da Dokar Suffrage na maza a 1924, an cire mata. Duk da haka, Ƙungiyar Mata ta Suffrage ta ci gaba da aikinta na shekaru masu yawa. 

Bayan karshen yakin duniya na biyu, Yamataka ta ci gaba da fafutukar ta na siyasa. Ta yi aiki don fansho na yaƙi da za a ba wa matan da suka mutu na tsoffin sojojin yaƙi, da kuma hakkin yara. A ranar 25 ga Agusta, 1945, Yamataka ya kafa kwamitin mata kan manufofin bayan yakin ( *Sengo Taisaku Fujin Iinkai* ). Wadanda suka kafa su sune Fusae Ichikawa, Tsuneko Akamatsu, da Natsu Kawasaki. An yi taron farko a ranar 11 ga Satumba, 1945, tare da mata sama da 70 suka halarta. Daga cikin abubuwan da kungiyar ta sanya a gaba sun hada da: maraba da sojojin da suka dawo gida, da inganta samar da abinci, da kara tanadin gidaje, samun kuri’u ga mata sama da shekaru 20, samar da ’yancin mata sama da 25, da gyara kananan hukumomi da na tsakiya, da baiwa mata damar rike ayyukan yi a ma’aikatan gwamnati. 

Lokacin da mata suka sami kuri'a a Japan a 1945, Yamataka ya yi takarar neman mukamin gwamnati kuma an zabe shi sau biyu (1962-1971) zuwa majalisar wakilai, majalisa mai girma a cikin Diet na Japan, gwamnatin tarayya.  

A cikin 1952, Yamataka ya kafa Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Mata na Yanki na Ƙasa, wanda aka sani da Chifuren, a Japan. Daga karshe ta zama shugaban kasa kuma ta ci gaba da kasancewa a wannan aikin har zuwa rasuwarta a 1977.  Chifuren kuma ya kasance mai himma wajen inganta kariyar mabukaci da tattalin arzikin gida.

Ta kasance daya daga cikin kasashen da suka rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar shirya taron tsara kundin tsarin mulkin duniya .   A sakamakon haka, a karon farko a tarihin ɗan adam, Majalisar Tsarin Mulki ta Duniya ta yi taro don tsara da kuma amince da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Tarayyar Duniya . 

## Duba kuma
 

* Feminism a Japan
* Zaɓen mata a Japan

## Manazarta
Margaret Baba Diri

**Margaret Baba Diri** (29 Yuni 1954 - 9 Janairu 2025) 'yar siyasa ce ta Uganda, malama kuma mai fafutuka.
 Ta kasance mai fama da matsalar gani kuma an fara zaɓen ta a Majalisar Dokokin Uganda a matsayin wakiliyar masu naƙasa a shekarar 1996. Kafin shiga siyasa ta yi aiki a matsayin malama a St. Charles Lwanga da ke Koboko tsakanin shekarun 1976 zuwa 1990 sannan kuma ta kasance jami’ar raya jinsi a kungiyar naƙasassu ta Uganda (NUDIPU)  tsakanin shekarun 1992 zuwa 1996.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Margaret Baba Diri a ranar 29 ga watan Yuni 1954. Ta yi Diploma a fannin Ilimi a Kwalejin Malamai ta Ƙasa ta Kyambogo. Ta kuma sami digiri na farko a fannin ilimin manya da al'umma a jami'ar Kyambogo.

## Sana'a
Margaret Baba Diri ta fara aiki a matsayin malama a St. Charles Lwanga Koboko tsakanin shekarun 1976 zuwa 1990 kuma jami'ar raya jinsi a kungiyar naƙasassu ta Uganda (NUDIPU) tsakanin shekarun 1992 zuwa 1996.
 
Daga baya ta shiga siyasa a matsayin wakiliyar naƙasassu.  Ta kasance a majalisa har sau biyar daga shekarun 1996 inda ta wakilci Koboko a matsayin 'yar majalisar mata.   Diri ta kasance mamba a kwamitin majalisar dokoki a kan kwamitoci da hukumomin jiha da kamfanonin jiha da ilimi da wasanni.

## Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa
Diri ta kasance bazawara. Ta rasu ne a ranar 9 ga watan Janairun 2025, jim kaɗan bayan tabbatar da mutuwar ɗan majalisa Muhammad Ssegirinya. Diri ta kasance tana shekaru 70.

## Manazarta
Diana Angwech

**Diana Angwech** lauya ce 'yar ƙasar Uganda.

## Ilimi
Angwech ta sami digirin digirgir daga Jami'ar Makerere. 

## Sana'a
Angwech ta fara aikinta na shari'a a masu ba da shawara na ROK. Daga baya ta yi aiki a matsayin lauya na Ofishin Jakadancin Ƙasa da Ƙasa  fiye da shekaru biyar. A halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin manajar ci gaban kasuwanci a Shonubi Musoke & Co. Advocates. 

A cikin watan Satumba 2020, an zaɓi Diana Angwech mataimakiyar shugabar ƙungiyar lauyoyi ta Uganda (ULS) ta maye gurbin Phoena Wall, wacce aka zaɓa a matsayin shugabar ULS.  Ta kuma kasance shugabar kwamitin lauyoyin matasa a karkashin majalisar zartarwa ta ULS da kuma kwamitin lauyoyin matasa a ƙarƙashin kungiyar lauyoyin gabashin Afirka.  

Angwech ita ce wacce ta kafa kuma shugabar Shirin Mentorship Alabaster.   Ita ce shugabar Abide Family Centre, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke da niyyar inganta lafiyar iyalai da ke Jinja, Uganda.  

## Manazarta
Pura Villanueva Kalaw

Purificacion "Pura" Villanueva Kalaw [1] (27 Agusta 1886 - 21 Maris 1954) ta kasance sarauniya kyakkyawa ta Filipina, mata, ɗan jarida, kuma marubuci.

## Rayuwar farko
Purificacion Garcia Villanueva an haife shi a garin Arevalo, Iloilo ga Emilio Villanueva da Emilia Garcia. An haifi mahaifiyarta a Palencia, Spain . A 1908, yana da shekaru 22, Pura Villanueva ya zama na farko "Sarauniyar Manila Carnival ." 

## Sana'a
A cikin 1906 Pura Villanueva ya shirya ƙungiyar zaɓe, Asociacion Feminista Ilonga .  Ƙoƙarin da ta yi ya haifar da dokar zaɓe ta farko da ta kai ga Majalisar Filifin a 1907.  Pura Villanueva ya rubuta wani shafi don jaridar mako-mako *El Tiempo*, kuma ta gyara shafin matar. Daga baya ta gyara sashin harshen Mutanen Espanya na *Outlook na Mata*, wallafe-wallafen neman zabe ( Trinidad Fernandez Legarda ita ce editan Turanci). Ta kasance shugabar kungiyar mata ta Manila. 

Littattafai na Pura Villanueva Kalaw sun hada da *Osmeña Daga Jarida zuwa Shugaban kasa* (1946),  *Yadda Filipina suka sami kuri'a*, *Fitattun matan Filipino*, *Anthology of Filipino Writers Writers*, *Consumer Cooperatives in Philippines*, *The Filipino Cookbook*, and *Brief History of the Filipino Flag* .  Littafin ɗan littafinta na 1918 *Condimentos Indigenas* shine "ɗayan littattafan dafa abinci na farko" da aka buga a Philippines. 

A cikin 1951, Pura Villanueva Kalaw ta sami lambar yabo ta shugaban kasa, wanda Shugaba Elpidio Quirino ya ba ta, saboda aikinta a madadin 'yancin mata a Philippines. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Pura Villanueva ta auri lauya kuma editan Teodoro Maniguiat Kalaw a 1910. 'Ya'yansu sun hada da Maria Kalaw Katigbak, 'yar majalisar dattijai, da Purita Kalaw Ledesma, mai sukar fasaha. Surukarsu Eva Estrada Kalaw ita ma sanata ce. Pura Villanueva Kalaw ta zama bazawara a 1940.

## Mutuwa
Ta rasu a ranar 21 ga Maris 1954 tana da shekaru 67. 

## Gado
'Yarta Maria Kalaw Katigbak ta buga tarihin rayuwa, *Legacy: Pura Villanueva Kalaw: Zamanta, Rayuwa, da Ayyuka 1886-1954* a 1983.  Pura V. Kalaw ya kasance daya daga cikin masu zaɓen da aka nuna a cikin nunin 2016 a Ofishin Jakadancin Philippine a Washington, DC 

Akwai makaranta a birnin Quezon mai suna Pura V. Kalaw. 

## Manazarta
Rosa Welt-Straus

Rosa Welt-Straus (1856-1938) ta kasance mai ra'ayin mazan jiya da mata. [1] An haife ta a daular Austriya, ita ce yarinya ta farko a wannan kasar da ta kammala karatun sakandare, kuma mace ta farko ‘yar kasar Austriya da ta samu digirin likitanci, sannan kuma ta kasance mace ta farko da ta zama likitan ido a Turai. [2] [3]

Ta sami digiri na likita a 1878 daga Jami'ar Bern. Leonora, da Sara.  Bayan da ita da wata 'yar'uwarta suka zo Amurka, ta yi aiki a matsayin likitan ido a asibitin ido da kuma asibitin mata da ke New York.  Ta auri dan kasuwa Louis Straus kuma ta haifi 'ya, Nellie Straus-Mochenson. A 1904, ta halarci taron farko na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Duniya a matsayin memba na tawagar Amurka. Ta ci gaba da shiga irin wannan na ɗan lokaci, kuma daga baya ta wakilci Ƙungiyar Matan Ibraniyawa don Daidaita Hakki a cikin Eretz Isra'ila a waɗannan majalisu. 

A cikin 1919 aka kafa jam'iyyar mata ta farko a cikin New Yishuv ( Ƙungiyar Matan Ibraniyawa don Daidaituwar yancin kai a Erez Isra'ila ), kuma Welt-Straus, wanda ya yi hijira zuwa can a waccan shekarar, an nada shi jagora, wanda ta ci gaba har zuwa mutuwarta.  A watan Yulin shekarar 1920 ta tafi birnin Landan domin halartar taron da aka kafa kungiyar ‘yan sahayoniya ta kasa da kasa (WIZO), kuma daga baya a wannan shekarar ta wakilci kungiyar mata ‘yan kabilar Ibraniyawa don daidaiton ‘yancin kai a kasar Isra’ila a taron kasa da kasa na ‘yan takara a birnin Geneva. Ta wakilci kawance a kan kwamitocin Matar Kasa da kasa da kasa, sun halarci dukkan taronta, kuma galibi ana hade da su a cikin manzo na ministocin kasashen da suka gudanar da taron. 

A cikin 1926 haredim, wanda ya gwammace kada ya fuskanci yiwuwar mai gabatar da kara, ya bar Majalisar Wakilai na Yishuv, kuma a wannan shekarar an yi sanarwar hukuma (wanda gwamnatin da aka ba da izini ta amince da shi a 1927) yana mai tabbatar da "daidaicin hakkoki ga mata a kowane bangare na rayuwa a cikin yishuv &#x2013; farar hula, siyasa, da tattalin arziki."  Welt-Straus ya mutu a Geneva a shekara ta 1938. 

## Kara karantawa
*Hama'avak al Ha'kol: Leidato shel Feminism Ivri* [fassara: Yaƙi don Kuri'a: Haihuwar Feminism na Ibrananci], na Farfesa Margalit Shilo na Jami'ar Bar-Ilan. 

## Manazarta
Jane Asiimwe Muhindo

**Jane Asiimwe Muhindo**, 'yar siyasar ƙasar Uganda ce kuma ma'aikacin'yar gwamnati, wanda a watan Agustan 2024, aka naɗa ta a matsayin Kwamishiniyar Birnin (RCC) na Kampala, babban birnin Uganda. Kafin haka ita ce Hakimar gundumar (RDC) na gundumar Rwampara, a cikin yankin Ankole. Ta maye gurbin Amina Lukanga wanda aka mayar da ita gundumar Mbarara, a cikin wannan matsayi. 

## Tarihi da ilimi
An haife ta a gundumar Kasese, a cikin Yankin Yammacin Uganda kamar: ƙarshen 1980s. Ita ce 'yar marigayi Sowedi Bwambale da Dorothy Kagugo.  Ta yi makarantar firamare ta Railway, Kasese sai Celak Vocational School, Kasese inda ta yi karatun sakandare. Ta yi karatu kuma ta samu Diploma a Sakandaren Kasese. 

A shekara ta 2011 ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a Jami'ar Shuhada ta Uganda a Nkozi, gundumar Mpigi. A shekarar 2018 ta yi wani ɗan gajeren kwas a fannin *Gudanarwa da aiwatar da manufofin gwamnati* a Jami'ar Makerere, A shekara ta gaba, ta kammala horon jagoranci da gudanar da mulki a *Cibiyar Shugabanci ta ƙasa Kyankwanzi*, a gundumar Kyankwanzi. 

## Sana'a
A cikin shekarar 2011, an zaɓi Muhindo a matsayin kansila na matasa a Majalisar gundumar Kasese, tana aiki a wannan matsayin har zuwa 2016. Ta kuma kasance mataimakiyar kakakin majalisar gundumar Kasese, tsakanin shekarun 2014 da 2018.  

Daga nan aka naɗa ta Hakimin gundumar Bunyangabu, tana yin wannan muƙamin har zuwa shekara ta 2021. An canza ta zuwa gundumar Bushenyi, daga baya kuma zuwa gundumar Rwampara, a cikin wannan matsayi.    

A ranar 19 ga watan Agustan 2024, shugaban ƙasar Uganda a cikin wani sauyi na RDCs ɗin sa mai suna Jane Asiimwe Muhindo a matsayin sabuwar kwamishina mazauna birnin Kampala, daga ranar. 

## Sauran la'akari
Haɓaka saurin da ta samu a cikin kwamishinar mazauni a ƙasar ana iya danganta ta da sadaukar da kai ga ayyukanta. A gundumar Bunyangabo, an ba da rahoton cewa ta sadaukar da kai da aiwatar da daidaitattun hanyoyin aiki (SOPs) da aka kafa don shawo kan cutar ta COVID-19. A gundumar Bushenyi, ta kasance mai himma wajen inganta ilimin firamare na duniya (UPE). A gundumar Rwampara, ta kasance mai himma sosai wajen magance rikice-rikicen ƙasa da tabbatar da cewa kuɗin da ake nufi don shirye-shiryen zamantakewa na gwamnati; Emyooga da Samfurin Ci Gaban Parish (PDM) ya kai ga waɗanda aka yi niyya kuma masu kula da siyasa ba sa sace su.  

## Duba kuma

* Jennifer Musisi
* Dorothy Kisaka

## Manazarta
Thuraya Al-Hafez

**Thuraya al-Hafez** ( Arabic   ; 1911–2000), yar siyasan Siriya ce wadda ta yi yaƙin neman yancin mata .

## Rayuwa
An haifi al-Hafez a Damascus a shekara ta 1911. [1] Mahaifinta shi ne dan kishin kasa Amin Lutfi al-Hafez, wanda Jemal Pasha ya kashe. [2] A shekarar 1928, bayan ta kammala karatunta a Damascus, al-Hafez ta zama daya daga cikin malaman firamare mata na farko a Syria. [3] A shekarar da ta gabata, ta kafa kungiyar farkawa ta mata ta Damascene. A cikin shekarun 1930, ta zama fitacciyar mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata, inda ta kafa kungiyar tsofaffin daliban makarantar mata na mata masu ilimi da kuma gwagwarmayar kwato mata ‘yancin kada kuri’a a zabe. [3] Al-Hafez ya kware a harsunan Faransanci da Turkanci kuma ya kasance malami a makarantun firamare da sakandare sama da shekaru hamsin. [4]

A watan Mayun 1942, al-Hafez ya jagoranci zanga-zangar da mata dari suka yi zuwa hedikwatar gwamnati a Damascus, inda dukkansu suka daga mayafi. Ta ba da jawabi inda ta yi jayayya da cewa, "ba a taɓa ambaton mayafin da muka sa ba a cikin Littafin Allah mai tsarki ko Muhammadu ba".  Har ila yau, ta ce game da zanga-zangar: "An fallasa ni ga ƙiyayya na Reactionary lass wanda ke sanya addini a matsayin tufafi, kasancewar ita ce mace ta farko da balarabe Bariya da ta fita waje tare da mata ɗari tare da yin zanga-zangar nuna adawa da ajin Reactionary da ke kai hari ga mata da lalatar ƙwai, tumatir musty ko ruwan azurfa ba tare da dalili ba, kawai saboda sun kasance sun yi wa mata ziyara ta musamman don yanke gashi ko cinma. shi, abin da ya sa masu ra'ayin su yi iƙirarin cewa suna kamanta kansu da maza." 

A 1947, ta zama mai koyar da adabin Larabci a babbar makarantar Tajheez ta Damascus, kuma a 1953 al-Hafez ya kafa dandalin Sakina. 

A shekarar 1953, al-Hafez ta zama mace ta farko da ta tsaya takarar kujerar majalisar dokokin kasar Syria.   Duk da cewa daga baya ta sha kaye, amma kokarinta na taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen cimma burinsu na daukaka matsayin mata a kasashen Larabawa. Ta yi ikirarin cewa ita kanta an tabka magudi a zaben kuma a gaskiya ta samu kashi 75% na kuri’un.

Mijin Thuraya, Munir al-Rayyes, ya mallaki takardar *Barada ta* Damascus, wadda Thuraya ta fara rubutawa a 1953. A wannan shekarar, ta kaddamar da salon adabi da na siyasa a birnin Damascus, wanda aka bude ga dukkan jinsi. Salon an yi ta ne a cikin gidanta aka sa masa suna *Muntada Sukaynah* (Salon Sukaynah)  bayan Sukayna bint al-Hussein, jikanyar Muhammadu, wadda ta shugabanci salon adabi na farko a tarihin musulmi. 

al-Hafez ya goyi bayan Gamal Abdel Nasser na Masar a lokacin da kuma bayan Jumhuriyar Larabawa . 

## Kara karantawa
Sami M. Moubayed, *Karfe da Siliki: Maza da Mata waɗanda suka Siffata Siriya 1900-2000* (Seattle: Cune Press, 2006)

## Manazarta
Maryamu Iyaye

**Marie Parent** (1853-1934) editan jarida ce ta Belgian, mai fafutuka, mai ra'ayin mata kuma mai fafutuka . Ta kafa *Alliance des femmes contre les abus de l'alcool (Alliance of Women against Alcohol Abuse* ) a 1905 da *Ligue belge des femmes rationalistes (Belgian League of Rationalist Women* ) a 1920.  Fiye da shekaru 20, ta jagoranci da kuma gyara *Jaridar des Mères* (Journal Mothers' Journal), wanda ta sami lambar yabo ta Adelson Castiau daga Royal Academy of Belgium da lambar zinare a 1910 Brussels International Exhibition . 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife shi a ranar 20 ga Disamba 1853 a Brussels, Marie Parent ita ce ɗa na bakwai kuma na ƙarshe na iyayen Jean-Jacques Florimond, mawallafi kuma mawallafi, da Marie de Vogelsang, wacce ta karɓi kasuwancin mijinta lokacin da ya mutu. [1]

Ta fara gudanar da wani gidan kwana kusa da Lake Genval tare da ɗaya daga cikin 'yan uwanta, kafin ta juya zuwa editan jarida a 1889 tare da  ga matasa masu karatu. A shekara mai zuwa, ta shiga yaƙin neman zaɓenta, ta buga ƙasida mai suna  (Rawar da Mace ta yi wajen Yaki da shaye-shaye), nasiha ga mata masu aiki da hakkin su a lokacin da suka fuskanci tashin hankali daga mazajensu. A 1899, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan mutane a cikin  (Union of Belgian Women Anti Alcoholism) wanda ya kai ga kafa cafes da gidajen cin abinci ba tare da barasa ba.  Ganin cewa zai zama da sauƙi a yi aiki ga matsakaicin amfani maimakon kauracewa, a cikin 1905 ta kafa  .  

Iyaye sun fi kowa himma a harkar mata, suna shiga gasar  (Belgian League for Women's Rights) lokacin da aka kafa ta a 1892. A cikin 1897, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin matan da suka shirya , jagorantar zama da yawa. A cikin 1905, bayan kafa , ta nufi sashen tsafta. Bayan murabus din Marie Popelin a 1912, ta kuma jagoranci  . 

Tare da sauran ƙungiyoyin mata, a cikin 1914 ta shiga cikin , kira ga duniya zabe. Iyaye na ɗaya daga cikin wakilai a taron mata masu haɗin gwiwa da aka gudanar a Paris daga 10 ga Fabrairu 1919 don haɓaka batutuwan mata don taron zaman lafiya na Paris .  A cikin 1920, ta kafa kuma ta zama shugabar  wanda ke da mambobi 20,000. 

Marie Parent ya mutu a shekara ta 1934. 

## Manazarta
Haihuwar Almeda-López

Natividad Almeda-López (8 Satumba 1892 - 22 Janairu 1977) ɗan takara ne [1] kuma lauya mace ta farko a Philippines, [2] ta wuce mashaya a 1914 kuma mace ta farko da ta kare mace a gaban kotu. [3] [4] Ita ce kuma alkali mace ta farko a kotun karamar hukumar Manila. An bayyana ta a matsayin " taswirar motsin mata ". [5]

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Ta auri Domingo López, lauya, lokacin tana shekara 30  kuma suna da yara uku, Marita, Lulu da Jake.  A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, an kwashe ta da ’ya’yanta uku daga Manila zuwa garin mijinta na Tayabas . 

## Sana'a
Almeda-López ta wuce mashaya a shekara ta 1913 amma saboda kasancewarta karama sai da ta jira shekara guda kafin ta shiga Roll of Attorneys.  Tana da shekaru 26 ta gabatar da jawabi a majalisar dokokin kasar Philippines inda ta yi muhawara kan hakkin mata.  A cikin 1919 Ofishin Shari'a ne ya ɗauke ta aiki kuma an ƙara mata girma zuwa mataimakiyar lauya a Ofishin Babban Lauya.  A cikin 1934 shugaban Manuel Quezon ya ba ta nadi na dindindin a matsayin alkali na birnin Kotun Manila, mukamin da ta yi aiki a matsayin mukamin wucin gadi na tsawon shekaru uku. 

## Girmamawa
Tun bayan rasuwarta gwamnatin Philippines ta karrama ta ta hanyoyi daban-daban. A cikin 1996 an sanya mata suna Natividad Lopez Street .  An ba ta lambobin yabo na shugaban kasa guda uku, lambar yabo ta shugaban kasa don jagorancinta a harkar mata a 1955, a 1966 ta sami karramawa saboda aikinta na 'yancin mata kuma a cikin 1968 ta sake samun lambar yabo ta Shugaban kasa 

## Duba kuma

* Lauyoyin mata na farko a duniya

## Magana
Manazarta
Léonie na Waha

Léonie Marie Laurence de Chestret de Haneffe, wanda aka fi sani da Léonie de Waha, (1836-1926) yar ƙasar Beljiyam mai magana da Faransanci ce, mai ba da agaji, malami kuma mai fafutukar Walloon . An karrama ta ne saboda taimakon da take ba wa ‘yan mata da matasa mata ilimi da kuma kafa makarantu da dakunan karatu. A cikin 1868, ta kafa Institut supérieur libre de demoiselles, makarantar sakandaren 'yan mata, a Liège, wanda yanzu ake kira Athénée Léonie de Waha . Sakamakon sha'awarta na inganta 'yancin mata, a cikin 1912 ta kafa kungiyar Union des femmes de Wallonie wadda ta jagoranci har sai da ta mutu a 1926. [1] [2]

## Rayuwar farko
An haife shi a Tilff a lardin Liège a ranar 3 ga Maris 1836, Léonie Marie Laurence de Chestret de Haneffe 'yar iyaye ce daga masu sarauta: Sanatan Belgium Hyacinthe de Chestret de Haneffe (1797-1881) da Amanda Laurence de Sélys Longchamps, 'yar'uwar Belgian-180 (180). dan siyasa Edmond de Sélys Longchamps . Bayan mutuwar mahaifiyarta a lokacin tana da shekaru biyu kacal, gwamnatoci da malamai masu zaman kansu suka rene ta a Colonster Castle . Sa’ad da take ƙarama, ta halarci Cibiyar Nazarin Demoiselles da ke Liège kuma ta yi wasu shekaru a Flanders .  A ranar 20 ga Agusta 1863, ta auri lauya Victor Louis Auguste de Waha-Baillonville wanda ta haifi 'ya, Louise Amanda. Mummunan sa'arta ya ci gaba da mutuwar 'yarta a cikin 1866 da na mijinta jim kadan bayan haka a ranar 1 ga Agusta 1867.

## Sana'a
Yanzu ta rasu, de Waha ta yanke shawarar sadaukar da rayuwarta wajen inganta 'yantar da mata da kuma kara ilimi ga 'yan mata. Bayan kafa makarantar tela a Tilff, a cikin 1868 ta kafa "Institut supérieur de demoiselles" (Makarantar Matasa ta Matasa) a Liège, tana ba da ƙwararrun malamai a cikin yanayin duniya. Malaman Katolika, Furotesta ko limaman Yahudawa ne suka ba da darussan zaɓi na addini. Daga baya makarantar ta fadada, tana buƙatar sabbin wuraren da masanin gine-gine Jean Moutschen ya tsara. Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama sananne da Lycée Léonie de Waha. 

Sakamakon sha'awarta ga tarihin gida, a farkon karni na 20 de Waha ya zama abin sha'awar Walloon Movement, wanda ya dace da manyan mutane irin su Julien Delaite da Jules Destrée . Ta goyi bayan shawarwarin raba ƙasar zuwa yankuna na Walloons, Flemings da mazaunan Brussels.  A ranar 28 ga Oktoba 1912, a tsayin sha'awar tallafawa Wallonia, de Waha ya kafa kungiyar Union des femmes de Wallonie wacce da farko ta ta'allaka ne kan karfafa mata gwiwa da su shiga cikin tallafawa al'adun yankin amma bayan karshen yakin duniya na farko ya mayar da hankali kan karin goyon baya ga 'yancin mata. Waɗannan sun haɗa da ingantaccen damar samun ilimi, zaɓen mata da dama ga mata a cikin ma'aikata. 

De Waha ta mutu cikin aminci a gidanta da ke Tilff a ranar 8 ga Yuli 1926, tana da shekara 90. 

## Manazarta
Alice Schiavoni Bosio

Alice Schiavoni Bosio (12 Maris 1871 - 24 Janairu 1931) yar ƙasar Italiya ce. Ta yi aiki a matsayin darektan mujallar Attività Femminile Sociale daga kafa ta a shekarar 1913 zuwa 1916. Haɗe da Consiglio Nazionale delle Donne Italiane (Majalisar Ƙasa ta Mata ta Italiya, CNDI), memba na Majalisar Mata ta Duniya, Schiavoni na ɗaya daga cikin mahalarta duka biyun mata a taron Hague na 1915 da taron mata na **Inter-Allied** na 1919.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Alice Bosio a ranar 12 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1871 a Florence. Ta auri likita, Schiavoni, kuma ta koma Roma, ta shiga cikin batutuwan mata. Haɗuwa da Consiglio Nazionale delle Donne Italiane (Majalisar Ƙasa ta Mata ta Italiya), Schiavoni ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan matan da suka yi aiki don cin nasarar mata, tare da Sofia Bisi-Albini, Maria Grassi Koenen, Jacinta Martini Marescotti, Maria Montessori, Virginia Nathan, Maria Pasolini Ponti, Tovinia Taver, Lavinia Devinia, Lavinia da Lavinia. 

A cikin 1913, lokacin da CNDI ta kafa wata jarida, *Attività Femminile Sociale* (Ayyukan zamantakewar mata) a matsayin jarida don yada bayanai game da kungiyoyi daban-daban da ke aiki a ko'ina cikin Italiya game da batutuwan mata, Schiavoni ya zama darekta na farko na shekaru uku na aiki.  Ba wai kawai ta gudanar da *Attività Femminile Sociale* na CNDI ba, amma a lokacin yakin duniya na, ya zama manajan *Associazione per la donna*, wanda ke gudanar da sabis na shari'a ga 'yan gudun hijira. Ta ci gaba da cewa dole ne kungiyar mata ta ci gaba da kasancewa a siyasance domin amfanar dukkan mata. A matsayin daya daga cikin shugabannin sassan CNDI, Schiavoni na ɗaya daga cikin matan Italiya da suka halarci kuma sunyi magana a 1915 International Congress of Women a Hague . 

Schiavoni na ɗaya daga cikin wakilai zuwa taron mata masu haɗin gwiwa, wanda aka yi a birnin Paris a ranar 10 ga Fabrairun 1919, a matsayin babban taron zaman lafiya na Paris . Taron ya kasance karo na farko da aka ba wa mata damar shiga a hukumance a cikin wata kungiyar yerjejeniya ta kasa da kasa, kuma Schiavoni na tare da tawagar da ta gabatar da jawabi mai cike da tarihi ga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 10 ga Afrilu.  A cikin 1921, ta gudanar da bincike tare da wasu mata masu karuwanci. Manufar su, kamar yadda aka sanar a cikin wata kasida da Schiavoni ya rubuta a *Giornale della Donna* (Jarida ta Mata) shine don sanin ko daidaita karuwanci bisa zalunci ga matan da ke cikin cinikin jima'i, ba tare da samar da isassun ka'idoji na kiwon lafiya ko sarrafawa zuwa ga mummuna ba, kamar yadda halatta cinikin bai mayar da hankali ga abokan ciniki ba. 

Schiavoni ya kasance mai aiki a cikin CNDI har zuwa mutuwarta a ranar 24 ga Janairu 1931 a Roma.   An binne ta a wani kabari na hadin gwiwa tare da Fannie Louise Bosio Bolens a makabartar Furotesta . 

## Manazarta