open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ƙungiyar hana cin zarafi ta (FTRF)

**Ƙungiyar hana cin zarafi** (FTRF) ƙungiya ce ta Amurka mai hana cin zarafi mai zaman kanta, wacce Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Amurka ta kafa a cikin shekarar 1969.  Ƙungiya ta yi aiki a ƙalubalen da ke tushen Gyaran Farko don cire littafin daga ɗakunan karatu, sannan da kuma aikin sa ido. Baya ga aikinta na shari'a, FTRF tana yin shawarwari da wayar da kan jama'a, kamar daukar nauyin bikin shekara-shekara na " Makon Littattafai da aka haramta ".

## Tarihi
An kafa FTRF a cikin shekarata 1969 ta membobin Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Amirka, ciki har da Judith Krug da Alexander Allain .  An kafa kungiyar ne a matsayin "Martanin Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Amirka game da sha'awar membobinta na samun isassun hanyoyin tallafawa da kuma kare ma'aikatan ɗakin karatu waɗanda mukamansu ke cikin haɗari saboda tsayin daka ga raguwa na Gyaran Farko; da kuma kafa misali na shari'a don 'yancin karantawa. a madadin dukkan mutane". 

An kafa FTRF tare da ofishin ALA na 'Yancin Hankali maimakon a matsayin wani yanki na daban saboda aikin da ALA ta riga ta ke yi don kare Gyaran Farko da 'yancin tunani. Kuma A lokacin da ake shirin gina gidauniyar da kuma shirya ta, Allain ya bayyana damuwarsa a cikin wata wasika da ya aike wa Daraktar Ofishin ‘Yancin Hankali, Judith Krug, cewa ‘yan kungiyar ALA za su manta da abin da ALA ta yi, kuma suna ci gaba da yi don ‘yancin kai na hankali ta hanyar lullube kansu a cikin wannan. Kuma sabuwar laima na taimako da taimako a cikin FTRF.  Allain yana jin cewa yakamata a sami rugujewar ƙungiyoyin biyu domin mayar da hankali ya kasance a kan ƴancin hankali kuma a yi aiki da su cikin jituwa. 

Allain ya kuma ji cewa wajen kafa FTRF tare da ALA, Gidauniyar za ta iya cin gajiyar wasu fa'ida da alakar da ALA ke da su.  Ya kuma ba da shawarar kiyaye manufofi a tsakanin kungiyoyin biyu saboda imaninsa da kyakkyawan aiki da ALA ke yi; ya cigaba da damuwa da ALA wajen samar da wannan gidauniya kuma baya son mambobi su ga gidauniyar a matsayin wacce zata maye gurbinsa sai dai kari. 

Yarjejeniyar kungiya ta bayyana dalilai guda hudu don Foundation, ciki har da: Haɓaka da kare 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki da 'yan jarida;

 Kare haƙƙin jama'a na samun bayanai da kayan da aka adana a ɗakunan karatu na ƙasar; Haƙƙin kiyaye ɗakunan karatu na watsa duk kayan da ke cikin tarin su; kuma.

 Taimakawa dakunan karatu da ƴan ɗakin karatu don kare haƙƙin Gyaran Farko ta hanyar samar musu da lauyoyin doka ko hanyoyin tabbatar da shi.Ƙungiyar tana aiki ta hanyar ƙararraki, ilimin mabukaci, da bayar da kyauta ga wasu mutane da ƙungiyoyi masu aiki akan irin wannan ayyuka. 

## Duba wasu abubuwan

* Litattafai na littafai a Amurka
* Jerin littattafan da aka fi fuskantar ƙalubale a cikin Amurka
* Ayyukan Littattafan tashin hankali

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* FTRF gidan yanar gizon
Abigail Ashley

**Abigail Ashley** mai gabatar da shirin gidan talabijin ce 'yar Ghana, mai gabatar da rediyo, mai bayar da shawara kan harkokin kiwon lafiya kuma shugabar ayyukan gidauniyar Behind My Smiles - kungiya mai zaman kanta (NGO) mai mai da hankali kan lafiyar koda. Ita ce kuma marubuciyar littafin "A Decade of My Life" Behind My Smiles.

Ashley ita ce mai gabatarwa kuma mai gabatar da shirin "My Health, My Life" a United Television Ghana. A cikin 2017 an zabe ta a matsayin "50 Matasa Mafi Tasiri a Ghana".

## Rayuwa ta sirri
An gano ta kuma ta tsira daga cutar koda bayan an ba ta shekaru 5 ta rayu. An yi mata aikin dashen koda.

## Kyaututtuka
An karrama ta a bugu na 9 na lambar yabo ta 3G a Bronx a New York a Amurka. An ba ta lambar yabo ne saboda gudunmawar da ta bayar ga daidaikun mutane da kuma yakin da ta yi kan rayuwa cikin koshin lafiya.

## Manazarta
Jerin Sunayen Mazaɓu na Ƙaramar Hukumar Kura

Kamaramar Hukumar kura ta jahar kano Tana da Mazaɓu guda goma (10) a karkashinta.

Ga jerinsu kamar haka;
# Dalili
# Dan Hassan
# Dukawa
# Karfi
# Kosawa
# Kurinsumau
# Rigar Duka
# Tanawa
# Sarkin Kura.

## Manazarta
Abena Amoah

**Abena Amoah** tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan mata masu zuba jari a Ghana da masu ba da shawara kan harkokin kudi. A ranar 15 ga Yuli, 2020, an nada ta a matsayin mataimakiyar Manajan Darakta a kasuwar hada-hadar hannayen jari ta Ghana. A cikin wannan matsayi Ms. Amoah tana da alhakin gudanar da ayyukan musayar kudade tare da taimaka wa manajan darakta wajen ma'anar da aiwatar da dabarun kamfanoni da tsare-tsare na Exchange. Kafin wannan nadin, Abena ita ce babban jami'in gudanarwa na Baobab Advisors, kamfanin ba da shawara kan harkokin kudi da ta kafa. Amoah ta yi aiki a hukumar Wapic Insurance Limited (Ghana), Bankin Access Limited (Ghana) da Asusun Raya Mata na Afirka. Ta sami lambar yabo ta Newmont Gold Ghana Highest Award for Excellence a National Youth Excellence Awards a 2006. Kuma an jera ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ƴan kasuwa mata 100 mafi fice a Ghana a 2016. Abena Amoah ya zama sabon manajan daraktan hada-hadar hannayen jari na Ghana.https://www.financialafrik.com/2022/10/18/abena-amoah-nouvelle-directrice-generale-de-la-bourse-du-ghana/.

## Ilimi
Abena Amoah ta sauke karatu daga Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Jami'ar Ghana tare da yin digiri na farko a fannin Gudanarwa. Ta yi karatun sakandare a St Roses Senior High School a hannun Sisters Solamen Ott da Simon Zeta na Jamus Dominican Nuns a Akwatia, Gabas ta Gabas, Ghana.

## Aiki
Amoah ta yanke shawarar kafa Boabab Advisors bayan shekaru tana aiki a matsayin dillalan hannun jari kuma shugabar sashin hada-hadar kudi da hada-hadar kudi a Renaissance Capital a Ghana. Ta yi aiki a matsayin darekta a kan hukumomi da yawa ciki har da na Ghana Stock Exchange, Ghana Venture Capital Trust Fund, Pioneer Aluminium, NewWorld Renaissance Securities, Strategic African Securities, da Ghana Securities Industry Association. A ranar 15 ga Yuli, 2020, an nada ta a matsayin mataimakiyar Manajan Darakta na hada-hadar hannayen jari ta Ghana.

## Nasarorin da aka samu

* Ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta a kasuwar hada-hadar hannayen jari ta Ghana
* Tana aiki a kwamitin kula da asusun bunkasa matan Afirka a matsayin Darakta kuma shugabar kwamitin kudi
* Ta kasance Gwamna kan Kyautar Kyautar Millennium a cikin 2005

## Manazarta
Ranar ƴancin yin aure

**Ranar 'yancin yin aure** ta ƙasa biki ne wanda ba na hukuma ba a ƙasa Amurka wanda ake gudanarwa a kowace shekara a ranar 12 ga Fabrairu don haɓaka auren jinsi . Lambda Legal ne ya kafa wannan biki a shekarar 1998, a wani kamfani mai fafutukar kare hakkin 'yan luwadi da ke Washington, DC . 

Mafi shahara a cikin  ‘Yancin Ƙasa don Ranar Aure ita ce ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, shekarata 2004, lokacin da, bin umarnin magajin garin San Francisco Gavin Newsom da magatakardar gundumarsa, birnin da gundumar San Francisco suka fara ba da lasisin aure ga ma’auratan. A ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, Newsom ya nemi ofishin magatakarda da ya yi canje-canje kan "fuskoki da takaddun da aka yi amfani da su don nema a ba da lasisin aure… don samar da [su] ba tare da nuna bambanci ba." 

Ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, ranar haihuwar Ibrahim Lincoln, rana ce da mutane za su yi tunanin soyayya da daidaito. Yawancin mutanen LGBTQ+ suna son yin aure a wannan rana don tunawa da soyayyar su, kwanaki biyu kacal da ranar soyayya . Kuma ranar tana iya nuna "Tying the Knot" ta hanyar ɗaure ƙulli a kusa da bishiyoyi, fitilu, alamu, ko kuma wani wuri da za a iya gani cikin sauƙi. 

## Duba wasu abubuwan

* 'Yancin Aure
* Evan Wolfson

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Yau ce Ranar Daurin Aure – Kar a ce “Auren Luwadi”!, Evan Wolfson, *Huffington Post*, Fabrairu 12, 2008.
* Sanarwar Ofishin Magajin Garin San Francisco
Gloria Amon Nikoi

**Gloria Adwoa Amon Nikoi**, née **Addae** (an haife shi 6 ga watan Yuni a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da ashirin da bakwai1927A.C - 10 Nuwamba 2010) ta kasance jami'ar diflomasiyya ta Ghana wacce ta yi ministar harkokin waje a 1979 a karkashin gwamnatin Sojojin Sojan Kasa (AFRC). Ita ce mace 'yar Ghana ta farko da ta rike wannan matsayi.

## Aiki
Ta halarci Kwalejin Achimota. Nikoi ta kasance mataimakiyar shugabar jakada a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya daga 1969 zuwa 1974. Daga baya Gloria Nikoi ta yi aiki a matsayin babbar jami'a a ma'aikatar harkokin wajen Ghana.

Bayan juyin mulkin da sojoji suka yi a ranar 4 ga watan Yunin 1979 wanda ya hambarar da gwamnatin majalisar koli ta soja, an nada ta ministar harkokin waje na tsawon watanni hudu a cikin gwamnatin juyin juya hali ta sojojin kasar (AFRC) ta jirgin Laftanar Jerry Rawlings. Wannan ya kare ne a ranar 24 ga Satumba, 1979, lokacin da aka kaddamar da Jamhuriyya ta Uku karkashin gwamnatin Dr. Hilla Limann ta Jama'ar Jama'a ta kasa.

Gloria Nikoi ta zama shugabar bankin gidaje da gine-gine na kasar Ghana a shekarar 1981. Ta kuma taba zama darakta a African Development Bank (AfDB). Ta zama shugabar farko ta majalisar kasuwar hada-hadar hannayen jari ta Ghana lokacin da aka kaddamar da ita a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba, 1990.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Ta yi aure da Amon Nikoi, tsohon Gwamnan Bankin Ghana kuma ministar kudi, wadda ta haifi ‘ya’ya uku tare da su.

## Mutuwa da jana'iza
Ta mutu saboda dalilai na halitta a Washington, D.C. a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba 2010 tana da shekaru 83. An gudanar da jana'izar ta a Cocin Accra Ridge, inda ta kasance 'yar majalisa.

## Manazarta
Nana Aba Appiah Amfo

**Nana Aba Appiah Amfo** (an haife ta 30 Satumba 1971) ƴar ilimin harshe ɗan Ghana ce, shugabar jami'a kuma mataimakiyar shugabar jami'ar Ghana ta yanzu. Har zuwa lokacin da aka nada ta, ta kasance Pro Vice-Chancellor for Academic and Students Affairs a Jami'ar Ghana da ke yammacin Afirka.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haife ta a Kumasi, Nana Aba Appiah Amfo ta yi karatun farko a Makarantar Firamare ta Jami’a (KNUST Basic School), Makarantar Firamare ta Services a Takoradi da Goldfields School Complex a Tarkwa. Amfo ta halarci Makarantar Holy Child don karatunta na O' Level sannan ta halarci Makarantar Sakandaren Mata ta Archbishop Porter don matakin A' dinta. Ta wuce Jami'ar Ghana don samun digiri na farko a Faransanci da Harsuna. Ta kammala Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Norwegian a Trondheim, Norway a 2001 tare da digiri na MPhil a fannin ilimin harsuna kuma ta sami digiri na PhD a 2007 daga wannan jami'a a fannin harshe.

## Aiki
Amfo ta fara aiki a matsayin malama a Sashen Nazarin Harsuna a Jami’ar Ghana a shekarar 2001. Bayan ta tashi ne don ci gaba da karatu a Norway, ta koma Ghana ta ci gaba da koyarwa a Jami’ar Ghana. A shekarar 2007 ne ta samu karin girma zuwa babbar jami’a, a shekarar da ta samu digirin digirgir. Ta zama abokiyar farfesa a 2011, kuma Farfesa a 2017. An zabe ta mamba na kwamitin zartarwa na Fédération Internationale des Langues et Littératures Modernes. Nana Aba Amfo ta yi aiki a matsayin Pro Mataimakin Shugaban Harkokin Ilimi da Dalibai a Jami'ar Ghana daga Nuwamba 2019 zuwa Yuli 2021. A cikin Yuli 2021, an nada ta a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa. Ta sami horo na ƙwararrun gudanarwa daga Jami'ar Kimiyyar Kimiyya, Jamus, INSEAD da Makarantar Kasuwancin Harvard. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Sashen Harsuna (2013–14) da kuma Shugaban Makarantar Harsuna. Amfo yana aiki a kwamitin ba da shawara na Coalition of People Against Sexual and Gender-Based Violence and Harmful Practices (CoPASH) a ƙarƙashin inuwar UNFPA.

### Membobi da haɗin gwiwa

* Memba, Society of Communication, Medicine and Ethics
* International Pragmatics Association ('yar Afrika na farko da ta zama memban kwamitin shawarwari a tarihin kungiyar)
* West African Linguistics Society
* Linguistics Association of Ghana (Shugaban kasa, 2010–2014)
* Yar'uwa Gidauniyar, African Humanities Program of the American Council of Learned Societies
* Yar'uwa, German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)
* Kwararrun Commonwealth. 

## Bincike
Bukatun binciken Amfo ya kasance game da  ƙayyadaddun ilimin harshe na Pragmatics.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Tare da mijinta, Frank Amfo, suna da yara uku, Yoofi, Maame Araba da Efua Benyiwa.

## Manazarta
Susanna Al-Hassan

**Susanna Al-Hassan** ko **Susan Alhassan** (27 Nuwamba 1927 – 17 Janairu 1997) marubuciya ce kuma ‘yar siyasa ’yar Ghana, wacce a shekarar 1961 ta zama mace ta farko a Ghana da aka nada minista. Ita ce mace ta farko a Afirka da ta taba rike mukamin minista kuma ta zama ‘yar majalisa a mazabar majalisar dokokin yankin Arewa a lokacin tsakanin 1960 zuwa 1966. Ta kuma rubuta littattafan yara da dama.

## Rayuwar farko

Al-Hassan an haife ta a garin Tamale kuma ta yi karatu a makarantar Achimota. Daga 1955 zuwa 1960 ta kasance shugabar makarantar sakandare ta 'yan mata ta Bolgatanga. Ita ce mahaifiyar tsohuwar mai ba da labari ta GTV Selma Ramatu Alhassan wacce daga baya ta zama Selma Valcourt, Victor Alhassan na Sky Petroleum, Kassem Alhassan da Tihiiru Alhassan.

## Aiki
Al-Hassan wadda ta ci gajiyar kudirin dokar wakilcin jama’a a shekarar 1960, an dawo da ita ba tare da hamayya ba a matsayinta na ‘yar majalisa mai wakiltar yankin Arewa a watan Yunin 1960. Ta rike mukamai daban-daban na minista, wasu sun yi na tsawon lokaci, wasu kuma aka hade su. ko fadada. Daga 1961 zuwa 1963 ta kasance mataimakiyar ministar ilimi a gwamnatin Nkrumah ta jamhuriya. Daga 1963 zuwa 1966, da kuma a 1967, ta zama ministar harkokin zamantakewa. A tsakanin wannan lokacin a cikin 1965, Nkrumah ya nada ta a matsayin ministar jin dadin jama'a da ci gaban al'umma.

A game da yaki da karuwanci a arewacin Ghana, a cikin shekarun 1960, gwamnatin CPP ta tsunduma cikin yakin neman ilimi mai yawa wanda ya jaddada danganta karuwanci da "mummunan al'umma", "makiya" da "'yan Salibiyya", tsakanin tsofaffi da mutanen da ba su iya karatu ba. Al-Hassan ta tabbatar cewa, matsalar ta ta'allaka ne da "yawan lalata da lalata a tsakanin matasanmu musamman 'yan mata 'yan makaranta da 'yan mata masu aiki" wadanda suke tafiya zuwa Tamale don aiki ko makaranta.

## Mutuwa
Al-Hassan ta mutu a ranar 17 ga Janairun 1997. A shekarar 2007, an yi mata bikin cika shekaru 50 da haihuwa.

## Ayyuka

* *Issa and Amina*, 1963
* *Asana and the magic calabash*, Longman, 1963. Republished, 1998
* *Two tales*, 1966
* *The river that became a lake : the building of the Volta Dam*, 1979
* *The river that became a lake: The story of the Volta river project*, 1979
* *Voices of wisdom*, 1994
* 'The Role of Women in Politics in Ghana', *Feminist Perspectives*, Ottawa: MATCH International Centre, 1994, 9–18.

## Manazarta
Obuobia Darko-Opoku

**Obuobia Darko-Opoku** 'yar siyasar Ghana ce, 'yar jarida kuma mai bayar da agaji. Tsohuwar ‘yar takarar majalisar wakilai ce a jam’iyyar National Democratic Congress a Weija-Gbawe.

## Aiki
Ta kasance tana gudanar da shirin safe na TV Africa mai suna yar wasan kwaikwayo Nikki Samonas da Khadijat. Ita ce mai masaukin baki don *Pause for three minutes*, wasan kwaikwayo mai motsa rai wanda aka zaba don lambar yabo ta jerin L.E.A.D a cikin 2017.

## Tallafawa
Darko-Opoku ta kafa gidauniyar Obuobia, kungiya ce mai zaman kanta wacce ke ba da tallafi ga mata da mazabarta. Ta gidauniyarta ta bayar da tallafi daban-daban ga al’ummar Musulmi da mazabar Weija Gbawe da kuma karamar hukumar Ga ta Kudu.

## Siyasa
A lokacin babban zabukan 2012 da 2016, ta tsaya takarar kujerar majalisar dokokin Weija-Gbawe kuma ta sha kaye. A shekarar 2019, jam’iyyar National Democratic Congress ta nada ta a matsayin mataimakiyar daraktar sadarwar jam’iyyar ta kasa. Kuma ita ce tsohuwar mataimakiyar Babban Darakta na Hukumar Kula da Yankunan Yada Labarai ta Ghana

## Manazarta
Marietta Brew Appiah-Oppong

**Marietta Brew Appiah-Oppong** (an haife ta a Tema), 'yar Ghana ce mai aikin shari'a kuma tsohuwar babban lauyan Ghana kuma ministar shari'a ta Ghana. Shugaba Mahama ne ya nada ta a shekarar, 2013. Ita ce mace ta biyu da ke rike da wannan mukami a kasar, ta farko ita ce Mrs. Betty Mould-Iddrisu. Zamanta a matsayin babban mai shigar da kara na Ghana ya kare ne a ranar 6 ga watan Janairun shekara ta,  2017. An nada ta a matsayin kotun sasantawa ta kungiyar 'yan kasuwa ta duniya daga ranar 1 ga watan Yulin shekara ta, 2018 na tsawon shekaru uku. Ita memba ce Majalisar Daraja ta Gana Association of Restructuring and Insolvency Advisors (GARIA).

## Ilimi

Marietta ta fara karatun ta a Makarantar Iyaye ta Tema. Ta yi karatun sakandire a St Roses Senior High (Akwatia) inda ta yi karatun ta na yau da kullun (O level) da Advanced Level Certificate (A level). Daga nan ta samu digirin ta na digiri na uku (LLB) daga Jami’ar Ghana da ke Legon da kuma takardar shaidar sana’arta ta aikin lauya daga Makarantar Koyon Aikin Shari’a ta Ghana, (Makola). Daga nan ta tafi Cibiyar Nazarin Zamantakewa ta Hague da ke Netherlands don samun Digiri.

## Aiki

Marietta ta kasance lauya mai aiki tsawon shekaru ashirin da suka gabata inda ta fara aikinta a Fugar and Co. law firm. Daga nan ta koma zama babban abokin tarayya a kamfanin lauyoyi na Lithur Brew and Co. Ita mamba ce Majalisar Daraja ta Ghana Association of Restructuring and Insolvency Advisors (GARIA).

## Siyasa
Ta kasance mamba a hukumar bincike ta Ghana @50 sannan kuma mamba ce a hukumar kogin Volta (VRA) da marigayi shugaban kasa John Atta-Mills ya nada a shekarar, 2009. An nada Marietta Brew Appiah-Oppong a matsayin babban mai shigar da kara na Ghana. kuma ministan shari'a na Ghana na tsohon shugaban kasa John Dramani Mahama daga watan Fabrairu shekara ta,  2013 zuwa 6 ga watan Janairu shekara ta, 2017.

## Ƙungiyar Kasuwanci ta Duniya

A cikin watan Yuni shekara ta, 2018, an nada ta don yin aiki na shekaru 3 a Kotun Hulɗar Kasuwanci ta Duniya na tsawon shekaru uku tsakanin 1 ga watan Yuli shekara ta, 2018 zuwa 30 ga watan Yuni shekara ta, 2021. An yanke shawarar nada ta a ranar 21 ga watan Yuni shekara ta,  2018. , a taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na ICC a birnin Paris.

## Manazarta
Akua Sakyiwaa Ahenkorah

**Akua Sakyiwaa Ahenkorah** jami'ar diflomasiyyar Ghana ce wacce ta yi aiki da hulda da kasashen waje na Ghana a fannoni daban-daban kuma a halin yanzu tana matsayin jakadiyar Ghana a Malaysia. Ita ce mataimakiyar mace ta farko daga Ghana zuwa Malaysia.

## Aiki
An nada Ahenkorah tare da rantsar a matsayin Jakadiyar Ghana a Malaysia a watan Janairun 2018 ta Shugaba Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo. Shugaban ya dora mata alhakin tabbatar da kiyaye da martabar Ghana yayin da take kokarin zurfafa tattalin arziki da alakar kasashen Ghana da Malaysia da kuma kokarin jawo hannun jari da masu zuba jari kai tsaye zuwa Ghana.

## Manazarta
Jerin Sunayen Mazaɓu na Ƙaramar Hukumar Kibiya

Karamar Hukumar kibiya ta jahar kano tana da Mazaɓu guda goma (10) a karkashinta.

Ga jerinsu sunayen su kamar haka;

# Durba
# Fammar
# Fassi
# Kadigawa
# Kahu
# Kibiya i
# Kibiya ii
# Nariya
# Tarai
# Unguwar gai.

## Manazarta
Ƴancin koyo

**<nowiki/>'Yancin Koyo** (FTL) shiri ne na ilimi na jaha a Michigan yana taimakawa makarantu ƙirƙirar ko samun  babban aiki, yanayin ilmantarwa na ɗalibi ta hanyar samarwa kowane ɗalibi da malami damar aiki kai tsaye, Sannan daidaitaccen samun damar zuwa koyo aiki a ƙarni na 21.

An fara shirin ne a cikin shekarar 2002 lokacin da Majalisar Dokokin Michigan da gwamna suka sadaukar da kudade na jihohi da tarayya (Title II, D) zuwa Matakin Nuna Shirin. Ganin kyakkyawan sakamako na farko, jihar ta fadada shirin a cikin shekarata 2004. Michigan ta ware sama da dala miliyan 30 a cikin asusun tarayya da na jiha don haɗa sama da ɗalibai 23,000 a gundumomin makarantu 100 da gine-gine 191 - galibi makarantun tsakiya.

* **<nowiki/>'Yancin koyo** kuma shine *"'yancin masu ilmantarwa."* Akwai babban mai tunani, Leo Tolstoy, kuma ya rubuta:

## Burin farko na FTL

# Haɓaka karatun ɗalibi da nasara a cikin mahimman darussan ilimi tare da ba da fifiko kan haɓaka ilimi da ƙwarewar da Kuma ake buƙata don kafa ƙungiyar ma'aikata ta ƙarni na 21 a Michigan.
# Bayar da damar samun daidaiton damar ilimi a duk faɗin jihar ta hanyar samun damar yin amfani da fasaha a ko'ina.
# Haɓaka ingantaccen amfani da fasahar mara waya ta hanyar ci gaban ƙwararru na tsari ga malamai, masu gudanarwa da ma'aikata.
# Karfafawa iyaye da masu kulawa da kayan aikin da za su ƙara shiga cikin ilimin ɗansu.
# Taimakawa sabbin sauye-sauyen tsari a makarantun shiga da raba mafi kyawun ayyuka tsakanin mahalarta Shirin.

FTL tana ba da horo da albarkatun da ake buƙata don canza makarantu-kuma hakan yana yin haka. Sannan Ƙwararren ƙima kuma cikakke yana auna tasirin shirin don haɗa darussan da aka koya da mafi kyawun ayyuka - ana samun sakamako na farko akan gidan yanar gizon 'Yanci don Koyo.

## Burin ilimi a cikin al'umma mai 'yanci

* Ikon yin aiki a cikin 'yanci,  al'ummar dimokuradiyya a matsayin cikakkun masu shiga cikin al'amuran al'umma; al'ummar da kowane ɗan ƙasa, ba tare da la'akari da shekaru, launi, addini, ko imani ba,sannan  yana nuna cikakkiyar girmamawa ga kowa, yana ɗaukar duk mutane daidai da kowane al'amari.
* Ikon yin tunani da ƙirƙira da saduwa da sababbin ƙalubale yayin da suke tasowa. 
* Ci gaban yaro ya zama babba mai alhaki a cikin al'umma. 
* Domin su kasance masu sassaucin ra'ayi a cikin tunaninsu [ya'yan], su kasance da tabbaci kan iyawarsu ta yanke shawara kuma sama da duka su ji alhakin rayuwarsu da na al'ummarsu. 

## Duba wasu abubuwan

* Sudbury Model na makarantun dimokuradiyya

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* 'Yancin Koyo Shafin gida 
* Hale ga Shirin 
* Daliban Dake Dauka 
* Hanyar da ta ɓace
* Shafin gida na Makarantar Sudbury Valley
Jerin Sunayen Mazaɓu na Ƙaramar Hukumar Bunkure

Karamar Hukumar Bunkure dake jahar kano Tana da Mazaɓu guda goma (10) a karkashinta.
Ga jerin sunayen su kamar haka;

# Barkum
# Bono
# Bunkure
# Chirin
# Gafan
# Gurjiya
# Gwamma
# Kulluwa
# Kumurya
# Sanda.

## Manazarta
Nikoletta Samonas

**Nikoletta Samonas** (an haife ta biyar 5 ga watan Satumba  shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da tamanin da biyar 1985) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ƴar Ghana kuma ƴar wasan kwaikwayo ce mai zaman kanta. An san ta da **Nikki Samonas** a masana'antar nishaɗi kuma ta yi rawar gani a cikin fina-finai da yawa. Ita tsohuwar daliba ce a makarantar Holy Child High School da kuma Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah.

## Ilimi
Samonas ta yi karatun ta na asali a DEKS (Discipline, Excellence, Kindness, Service) International School a Tema kuma ta ci gaba da zuwa Holy Child High School don babbar makarantarta inda ta karanta fasahar gani.

Daga nan ta ci gaba da karatunta na sakandare a Jami’ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah sannan ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin fasahar sadarwa.

## Aiki
Ta yi aiki a gidajen shirye-shiryen TV daban-daban kamar CharterHouse wanda ta dauki nauyin *Rythmz*, Farm House Production wanda ta dauki nauyin shirin *African Movie Review Show* kuma ta dauki nauyin *Breakfast Live*, shirin talabijin na safe a TV Africa.

## Ayyukan jakadanci

Nikki Samonas ita ce jakadan UNHCR na farko na Ghana tare da Kwame Annom. Ta kuma yi rawar gani a matsayin Babban Mai Tasiri a cikin kamfen na LuQuLuQu na UNHCR.

## Mai Gudanar da Taron

* Nikki Samonas a Kyautar Zaɓin Mata na Afirka.
* Mai watsa shiri na shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha tara 2019 Women's Choice Awards
* Mai masaukin baki na shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha tara 2019 Golden Movie Awards Africa
* Mai watsa shiri na shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha tara 2019 Glitz Style Awards

## Filmography

* *Don Caritas*
* *Beyonce 1*
* *Beyonce 2*
* *War of Roses*
* *Desperate Measure*
* *Red Label*
* *Love and Bullets*
* *DNA Test*
* *Potato Potahto*
* *40 and Single*
* *V Republic* 
* *The Will 1*
* *The Will 2*

## Girmamawa
An karrama ta ne daga 3G Awards 2019 a New York saboda gudunmawar da ta bayar ga masana'antar fina-finai da nishaɗi ta Ghana.

## Manazarta
Jerin Sunayen Mazaɓu na Ƙaramar Hukumar Takai

Karamar Hukumar Takai ta jahar Kano tana da mazabu goma (10)a karkashinta, ga jerin sunayensu kamar haka.

# Bagwaro,
# Durbunde,
# Fajewa,
# Falali,
# Faruruwa,
# Kachako,
# Karfi,
# Kuka,
# Takai,
# Zuga,

## Manazarta
Jerin Sunayen Mazaɓu na Ƙaramar Hukumar Sumaila

Karamar Hukumar sumaila ta jahar kano tanada mazabu goma sha daya (11) a karkashinta ga jerin sunayensu kamar haka.

# Gala,
# Gani,
# Garfa,
# Gediya,
# Kanawa,
# Magami,
# Masu,
# Rimi,
# Rumo,
# Sitti,
# Sumaila,

## Manazarta
Afia Pokua

**Afia Pokua** (kuma aka sani da **Vim Lady**) yar jarida ce ta Ghana kuma shugabar shirye-shirye a kungiyar Duk da Media Group, mai aiki da Peace FM, Okay FM, Neat FM da Hello FM a Kumasi.

## Ilimi
Afia ta yi makarantar sakandare ta Labone don karatun sakandare. Daga nan ta wuce Cibiyar Nazarin Jarida ta Ghana da Cibiyar Gudanarwa da Gudanarwa ta Ghana don yin digiri na farko a fannin shari'a.

## Aiki
Ita ce tsohuwar editan Adom FM, reshen Multimedia Group Limited. Shekaru 7 da suka wuce, Afia ta yi yunkurin barin Mulitimedia bayan wata rashin fahimta da ta samu da hukumar.

A watan Oktoban 2019, ta yi murabus daga Multimedia Group kuma ta shiga UTV, gidan talabijin na tauraron dan adam mallakin kungiyar Duk da Media Group A halin yanzu, **Afia Pokuaa** ita ce mai masaukin baki *Egyaso Gyaso*, shahararren shirin nazarin labarai da ake watsawa a Okay FM ranakun Litinin da Juma'a tsakanin karfe 7 na yamma 9:30pm. Ta kuma dauki nauyin shirya shirin safe na UTV mai suna *Adekye Nsroma*.

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa
Kyautar Masu Gabatarwar Mata ta Rediyo da Talabijin na shekarar 2019-2020.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
A cikin Mayu 2020, Afia Pokua ta bayyana a karon farko cewa tana da ɗa, wanda ke cikin matasa.

## Aikin sa kai
A cikin 2018, ta kafa ma'aikatar SugarDem, ƙungiyar masu fafutukar daidaiton jinsi da aka kafa don daidaitawa da Ma'aikatar PepperDem da ke ba da shawara ga mata don haɓaka ƙaƙƙarfan alaƙa da maza.

## Manazarta
Jerin Sunayen Mazaɓu na Ƙaramar Hukumar Rogo

Karamar hukumar Rogo, a jahar kano tanada mazabu goma (10) a ƙarkashinta ga jerin sunayensu kamar Haka.

# Beli,
# Falgore,
# Fulatan,
# Gwangwan,
# Jajaye,
# Rogo,
# ruma,
# Rogo sabon gari,
# Ruwan bago,
# Zarewa,
# Zoza,

## Manazarta
Jerin Sunayen Mazaɓu na Ƙaramar Hukumar Gwarzo

Ƙaramar hukumar Gwarzo ta jahar kano tana da mazabu goma (10) a karkashinta.
#Getso,
#Gwarzo,
#Jama'a,
#Kara,
#Kutama,
#Lakwaya,
#Madadi,
#Mainika,
#Sabon birni,
#Unguwar tudu,

## Manazarta
Jerin Sunayen Mazaɓu na Ƙaramar Hukumar Kabo

Karamar Hukumar Kabo dake jahar Kano a nigeria tanada mazaɓu goma (10) a karkashinta ga jerinsu kamar haka.

* Dugabau
* Durun
* Gammo
* Garo
* Godiya
* Gude
* Hauwade
* Kabo
* Kanwa
* Masanawa

## Manazarta
BoomBox (Gungun mawakan Ukraine)

**Boombox** (kuma: БумБокс, Bumboks) mawakan casu ne (rock) na kasar Ukraine kuma ƙungiyar pop wanda mawaki  ya kafa a shekara ta 2004 da  na guitar. A cikin Afrilu shekarar dubu biyu da biyar 2005 ƙungiyar ta fitar da kundi na farko, wanda kawai ya ɗauki awanni 19 don yin rikodin. 

Suna gudanar da waƙoƙinsu galibi a Ukraine, amma waƙoƙin cikin Rashanci da Ingilishi kuma suna fitowa a cikin albam ɗinsu da ƙwararru. Sun yi nasara a birane da yawa a cikin ƙasar, ciki har da: Lviv, Odessa, Kovel, Uzhhorod, kuma kwanan nan a Kyiv a farkon 2022. Ƙungiyar ta kuma yi wasan kwaikwayo na duniya, a cikin Turai, Amurka, da Canada. A cikin 2015 sun gudanar da balaguron cika shekaru goma a Arewacin Amurka. 

Tun lokacin da Russia ta mamaye Crimea a shekara ta 2014 ƙungiyar ta daina yin wasan kwaikwayo a Russia.  Bayan fara mamayewar 2022 na Rasha a Ukraine, babban mawaki Andriy Khlyvnyuk na ɗaya daga cikin manyan mashahuran Ukrain da suka shiga yaƙi da Russia.

Dan wasa Andrii Khlyvniuk ya yi waƙar jama'ar Ukrainian " Oh, mai fure a cikin makiyaya ". Mawakin The Kiffness domin ya goyi bayan Ukraine yayi remix.  

## Wakoki

* Меломанія (Melomania) (2005)
* Iyali Бізнес (Kasuwancin Iyali) (2006)
* III (2008)
* Всё включено (An haɗa duka) (2010)
* Середній Вiк (Tsakiya) (2011)
* Термінал Б (Terminal B) (2013)
* Голий Король (Karkin Tsirara) (2017)
* Таємний код. Рубікон, Частина 1 (2019)
* Таємний код Рубікон, Ч. 2 (2019)

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Boombox akan last.fm
Akosua Addai Amoo

**Akosua Addai Amoo** (an haifeta ranar 4 ga watan Disamba 1990) mai gabatar da wasannin ce a Ghana , kuma mai ba da rahoto kuma mai gabatarwa, wacce ta taba yin aiki a Metro TV Ghana. Akosua Addai Amoo ita ma ta kasance mai gabatar da shirin wasanni a *Sports World* ta Metro TV. A halin yanzu ita 'yar jarida ce mai zaman kanta.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi

An haifi Akosua a ranar 4 ga watan Disamba 1990 a Accra babban birnin Ghana. Ta halarci Kiddy Gram Montessori kuma na firamare da karamar sakandare Alsyd Academy. Bayan jarrabawar da ta yi na shedar ilimi ta asali ta sami gurbin shiga makarantar sakandare ta 'yan mata ta Wesley. Akosua tana da digiri na farko a fannin kimiyyar siyasa daga Jami'ar Ghana. 

## Aiki

### 2010–2017, Metro TV
Akosua ta fara aikin watsa shirye-shiryen wasanni tun tana da shekaru 19 a shekara ta 2010 kafin ta samu gurbin shiga Jami'ar Ghana. Ta shiga cikin gidan telebijin na Metro kuma ta kasance mataimakiyar samarwa ga TV ta 2010 FIFA World Cup. Akosua ta fara fitowa a talabijin a matsayin mai sharhi a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA U-20 a watan Yuli.

Lokacin da ta kammala Jami'ar Ghana a 2014, Akosua ta yi aiki a gidan talabijin na Metro na tsawon shekara guda a matsayin ma'aikaciyar bautar kasa a sashin wasanni. Ayyukanta a wurin aiki sun haɗa da gabatar da Labaran wasanni a kullum, shirya wasannin motsa jiki da kuma ba da labarin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na mata a Ghana. Bayan hidimar Akosua ta sami aiki ta Metro TV. Ta dauki nauyin shirin *Sports World* na Gidan Talabijin na Metro TV wanda ke sake duba labaran wasanni na yau da kullun tare da haskaka labaran Mata a Wasanni. A cikin 2017 Amoo ya yi murabus daga tashar da ke Labone.

### 2017- Mai zaman kansa
Akosua ta yi aiki don haɓaka wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na mata a Ghana kuma tana yin wasan mako-mako don buga gasar lig ɗin mata da ba ta da kyau a wurin. Marubuciya ce ta wasanni tare da labaran da aka buga a wasu kantunan kan layi ciki har da tashar ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya Goal.com.

A shekarar 2019, ta kasance daya daga cikin 'yan jarida bakwai da kungiyar 'yan jaridu ta kasa da kasa (AIPS) ta zaba, don horar da su da kuma daukar nauyin wasannin Afirka na 2019 a Rabat.

## Manazarta
Jerin Sunayen Mazaɓu na Ƙaramar Hukumar Ƙaraye

Karamar Hukumar karaye dake jahar kano tanada mazabu guda goma (10) a karkashinta ga jerin sunayensu.

# Aura,
# Kafin dafga,
# Karaye,
# Kurugu,
# Kwanyawa,
# Tudun kaya,
# Turawa,
# Unguwar hajji,
# Yammedi,
# Yola.

## Manazarta
Empress Gifty

**Empress Gifty** (tsohuwar **Empress Gifty Osei**) ita 'yar Ghana ce mawaƙin bishara kuma fashionista. Ita ce Mawallafin Bishara ta farko a Ghana da ta buga Mabiya Miliyan 1 a Instagram.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Empress ga dangin Oppong da Annan duka daga Yankin Tsakiya da Yammacin Ghana. Ta fara karatun firamare a Mantey Din Primary School da Oninku Junior Secondary School duk a Tema. Ta ci gaba da makarantar fashion a Tema bayan ta kammala ta bude makarantarta ta fashion a Tema inda ta horar da dalibai a kan salon da salon rayuwa.

## Aikin kiɗa
Empress Gifty tana da haɗin gwiwa tare da Opanka da Zaza Mohkheti daga Afirka ta Kudu. She has hit songs like *Aseda*, *Fefeefe*, *Epikye*, *Adensiedie*, *Adom*, *Jesus Over do*, *Jesus be too much*, *Odiyompo* and *Eye Woa*.

An ba ta lambar yabo ta gwarzon shekara a cikin 2018 National Gospel Music Awards. A cikin 2019 ta jagoranci jerin sunayen 'yan takara a cikin Maranatha Global Worship Music Awards da aka gudanar a Kenya.

Ta lashe VGMA Linjila na Shekarar da Album na Year a 2012, kuma ta ci 4syte Bisharar Bidiyo na Shekara a 2021.

Tana karbar *The Resurrection Effect Concert*  kowace shekara.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Ta auri dan siyasar Ghana, Hopeson Adorye tana da 'ya'ya biyu.

## Discography
*Aseda* - 2007

*Feefeefe* - 2012

*Jesús be too much* - 2014

*Ebenezar* - 2017

*Jesus over do* - 2020

*Odiyompo* - 2021

*Eye woaa* - 2021

## Manazarta
Dyki Tantsi

***Dyki tantsi*** ( a harshen Ukraine: Дикі танці; fassara. raye-rayen daji) shine kundin albam na hudu na studiyo na mawaƙin Ukraine - mawaƙi kuma marubucin waka Ruslana. An sake shi a ranar 10 ga Yuni, 2003. Wasu daga cikin waƙoƙin da aka nuna a cikin wannan kundin ana kuma yi *r<a href="./Wild%20Dances%20(album)" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Wild Dances (album)" class="cx-link" data-linkid="90">Wild Dances</a>*, bayan da ta ci gasar Eurovision ta 2004 .

## Jerin Waƙoƙi

**A harshen Rashanci**

**A harshen Czech**

**A harshen Eurobonus** 

## Tarihin sakewa

## A zayyane

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Sharhin Album

## Manazarta
Jennifer Cudjoe

**Jennifer Cudjoe** (an haife ta 7 Maris shekarar alif dari tara da casa'in da hudu miladiyya 1994) kwararriyar 'yar wasan kwallon kafa ce ta Ghana wacce ke buga wasan tsakiya a NJ/NY Gotham FC a cikin Gasar kwallon kafa ta Mata ta kasa (NWSL).

## Aikin kulob

### Sky Blue FC
Cudjoe ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragi na dan gajeren lokaci tare da Sky Blue FC don 2020 NWSL Challenge Cup. Ta fara wasanta na NWSL a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2020.

Racing Louisville FC ne ya zaɓi Cudjoe a cikin 2020 NWSL Expansion Draft, amma ba da daɗewa ba Sky Blue ya dawo da ita cikin ciniki.

## Girmamawa
Guda daya 

* Gwarzon Kwallon Mata na Ghana: 2015

## Manazarta
Eney

**Eney** wasu gungun mawakan rock ne na Ukraine wanda sukayi nasu wakokin. An ba kungiyar suna bayan sanannen jarumi, Aeneas, daga ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan gaske na Ivan Kotlyarevsky .

## Tarihi
A lokacin 1960s dalibai daga makarantar kiɗa ta musamman ta Kievan sun kafa ƙungiya mai suna bayan mawakin Ukraine Mykola Lysenko. Da farko sun buga fassarori na musamman na waƙoƙin gargajiya na Ukrainian. Daga baya membobinta sun fallasa ga ƙarshen ayyukan The Beatles kuma sun fara sake tsara ayyukan Bach da Khachaturian . A cikin 1971 ƙungiyar ta rabu yayin da Petrynenko da Blinov suka bar ta don ƙirƙirar sabon rukunin da ake kira *Dzvony* . Ƙungiyar ta fara gwaji a cikin sababbin nau'o'in: blues da rai. A 1972 band da kuma music inda aka dakatar a cikin Tarayyar Soviet da labeled "bourgeois-na kasa". A sakamakon haka, an lalata duk bayanan da aka yi da rikodin. Bayan haka, ƙungiyar ta shiga ƙarƙashin ƙasa har zuwa 1974. Membobin sai sun haɗu tare da *Dzvony* a cikin sabon tarin kayan aikin murya na *Kayan Ado* . Bayan an karɓi ƙungiyar zuwa *Ukr-kontsert* ta canza suna zuwa *Hrono*. A cikin 1977 rukunin ya zama sananne da *Eney* kuma. Bayan wani lokaci, Kungiyar *Eney ta* rabu kuma membobinsa ko dai sun shiga ƙungiyoyi daban-daban ko kuma sun koma wakokin solo. Petrynenko daga baya ya kirkiro nasa gungun watau Hrono.

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Takaitaccen bayani 

## Manazarta
Tin Sontsia

**Tin Sontsia** ( harshen Ukraine, Wani lokacin ana fassara shi da **Sun Shadow** ) ƙungiyar ƙarfe ce ta mutanen Ukrainian daga Kyiv, kodayake kiɗan su yana ƙunshe da abubuwa na ƙarfe na simphonic, haka nan. Da farko salon band din yana kusa da madadin dutsen, amma a cikin 2003 sun zo wani abin da ake kira " Cossack rock". Kusan duk waƙoƙin suna cikin Ukrainian ban da waƙoƙin Belarushiyanci biyu. Ƙungiyar ta halarci bukukuwa da yawa waɗanda mafi girma daga cikinsu su ne Basovišča da Zakhid . An san su da yawon shakatawa da yawa da kuma tallafawa sojojin Ukraine da ke yaki a yankin ATO . Waƙar su "Kozaky" ita ce waƙar da ba ta aiki ba ta ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ukraine a lokacin gasar cin kofin UEFA Euro 2016. Waƙar iri ɗaya tana aiki azaman intro don ƙwararren ɗan dambe Oleksandr Usyk.      

## Membobi

; Membobin yanzu

* Serhiy Vasyliuk (ruwan gubar, gitar acoustic)
* Ivan Luzan (bandura)
* Mykola Luzan (guitar, waƙa)
* Volodymyr Khavruk (ganguna)
* Ruslan Mikaelyan (guitar)
* Ivan Hryhoriak (bass)

## Wakoki

; Albam

* 2002 - *Святість Віри* ( **Tsarkin Imani**, Sviatist Viry, Demo)
* 2005 - *За Межею* ( **Beyond the Bound**, Za Mezheiu, Demo)
* 2005 - *Над Диким Полем* ( **Sama da filin daji**, Nad Dykym Polem)
* 2007 - *Полум'яна Рута* ( **Flaming Rue**, Polumiyana Ruta)
* 2011 - *Танець Серця* ( **Rawar Zuciya**, Tanets Sertsia)
* 2014 - *Грім В Ковальні Бога* ( **Thunder In the Blacksmith of God**, Hrim V Kovalni Boha)
* 2016 - *Буремний Край* ( Ƙasar **tawaye**, Buremnyi Krai)
* 2018 - *Зачарований Світ* ( **Duniya** mai ban sha'awa, Zacharovani Svit)
* 2020 - *На Небесних Конях* ( **On Heveanly Horses**, Na Nebesnykh Koniakh)

; Ayyuka gefe da na solo

* 2005 - *Зачарований Світ* ( **Duniya** mai ban sha'awa, Zacharovani Svit)
* 2010 - *Сховане обличя* ( **Hidden Face**, Skhovane Oblychchia)

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* 
*   
* Karshe.fm
* Tin Sontsia  
* Hira da Serhiy Vasylyuk akan "Radio Liberty Ukraine" 
* Hira da Serhiy Vasylyuk a cikin "Ukrayina Moloda"
Ofishin kula da muhalli Bureau

Ofishin Kula da **Muhalli** Bureau (China) ita ce hukumar zartaswa ta gwamnatin Hong Kong da ke da alhakin raya manufofin kiyaye muhalli, da Kuma makamashi, sauyin yanayi, cigaba mai ɗorewa, kiyaye yanayi; aiwatar da dokokin muhalli. Wannan kuma ya haɗa da sa ido kan ingancin muhalli, ingancin makamashi, sarrafa sharar gida, haɓaka makamashi mai sabuntawa ko canzawa, sa ido kan sashin wutar lantarki a Hong Kong  

Sakataren muhalli ne ke kula da ofishin.

## Sassan da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa
Hukumomin jama'a masu zuwa ne ofishin ke kula da su: 

* Sashen Kare Muhalli
* Makamashi da Reshen Ci gaba mai dorewa

## Duba wasu abubuwan

* Ayyukan Ladabi na Hong Kong

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* http://www.enb.gov.hk/
Muhalli da birane a asiya

**Muhalli da Birane a [[Asiya]]** wata jarida ce da aka yi bitar takwarorinsu wanda ke ba da bayanai a fagagen birane, matsugunan mutane da muhalli a duk faɗin Asiya. Ana kuma buga ta sau biyu a shekara ta SAGE Publications tare da haɗin gwiwar Cibiyar Kula da Birane ta ƙasa . Masu sauraron ua sun haɗa da masu bincike, masana ilimi, masu tsara manufofi, ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu (NGOs), masu fafutuka da ɗalibai musamman a yankin Asiya.

## Abstracting da indexing
*Muhalli da Ƙarfafa Birane Asiya* an ƙazantar da ita kuma an yi mata lissafi a cikin:

* Littafin Littafi Mai Tsarki na Ƙasashen Duniya na Kimiyyar zamantakewa
* SCOPUS
* DeepDyve
* Yaren mutanen Holland-KB
* Pro-Quest -RSP
* EBSCO
* Rahoton da aka ƙayyade na OCLC
* ICI
* J- Gate

## Manazarta
* http://www.niua.org/environment-and-urbanization-asia 

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
* 
* Shafin gida
Jerin Sunayen Mazaɓu na Ƙaramar Hukumar Dawakin Kudu

Karamar Hukumar Dawakin Kudu Ta jahar kano tana da Mazaɓu goma sha Biyar (15) a karkashinta.

Ga jerin sunayen su kamar haka;

# Dabar kwari,
# Danbagiwa,
# Dawaki,
# Dawakiji,
# Dosan,
# Gano,
# Gurjiya,
# Jido,
# Tamburawa,
# Tsakuwa,
# Unguwar duniya,
# Yanbarau,
# Yankatsari,
# Yargaya,
# Zogarawa,
 
## Manazarta
Jerin Sunayen Mazaɓu na Ƙaramar Hukumar Garun Malam

Karamar Hukumar Garun Malam ta jahar kano tana da Mazaɓu goma (10) a karkashinta.

Ga jerin sunayen su kamar haka;

# Chiromawa,
# Dorawar sallau,
# Fankurun,
# Garun babba,
# Garun malam,
# Jobawa,
# Kadawa,
# Makwaro.
# Yada kwari,
# Yalwan yadakwari.

## Manazarta
Kayayei

**Kayayei** ko **Kaya Yei** kalmar Ghana ce ga 'yar dako ko mai ɗaukar kaya. Yawancin waɗannan mata sun yi ƙaura daga ƙauyuka zuwa kowane birni na Ghana don neman aiki. Gabaɗaya suna ɗaukar nauyinsu a kawunansu.

## Etymology
Kalmar *kayayei* (maɗaukaki, *kaya yoo*) wani fili ne da aka kafa daga harsuna biyu da ake magana a Ghana. *Kaya* na nufin "kaya, kaya, kaya ko kaya" a yaren Hausa, *yei* kuma yana nufin "mata ko mata" a yaren Ga. Mutanen Kumasi suna kiran ’yan ɗora a matsayin *paa o paa*.

## Matsayi
*Kaya* sun kasance ma'aikatan hannu koyaushe. Suna jigilar kayayyaki zuwa kasuwanni, musamman kayan noma. Yawanci, *Kaya* suna ɗaukar kayansu a cikin babban kwanon rufi da aka ɗora a kawunansu, ta yin amfani da ɗanyen zane a matsayin maƙalli.

## Sharuɗɗa
*Kaya Yei* har yanzu yana aiki a kasuwanni a Ghana a yau, sau da yawa a cikin yanayi mara kyau kuma yana da karancin kudin shiga. Lokaci-lokaci, ana kawo *Kaya* cikin gidaje masu zaman kansu don yin ayyukan gida, inda za su sami ƙarin kuɗi kaɗan. *Kaya* galibi suna wucewa, kuma galibi ba tare da tsaftar muhalli ba. Asalin tsafta da yanayin abinci ma ba su da kyau. A cikin manyan biranen kamar Accra & Kumasi, *Kaya* galibi bakin haure ne daga yankuna masu nisa wadanda suka zo biranen neman ingantacciyar damar aiki.

A watan Mayun 2016, ministar kula da jinsi da yara da walwalar jama’a Nana Oye Lithur ta tabbatar da cewa sama da *kayayei* 1,000 daga kasuwannin Agbogbloshie da Mallam Atta da ke birnin Accra an yi musu rajista bisa tsarin inshorar lafiya na kasa, don taimaka musu wajen samar da ayyukan yi na asali. A cikin kasafin shekara ta 2017, Ministan Kudi Ken Ofori-Atta ya cire kayayei daga biyan kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗen kasuwa zuwa majalisu daban-daban.

## Manazarta
Jerin Sunayen Mazaɓu na Ƙaramar Hukumar Garko

Karamar Hukumar Garko ta jahar kano tana da Mazaɓu goma (10) a karkashinta.

# Dal,
# Garin ali,
# Garko,
# Gurjiya,
# Kafin malamai,
# Katumari,
# Kwas,
# Raba,
# Sarina,
# Zakarawa.

## Manazarta
Ama Bame Busia

**Ama Bame Busia** 'yar siyasan Ghana ne kuma tsohon mamba ce a majalisar dokokin ƙasar. Ita ce kanwar marigayi Kofi Abrefa Busia, tsohon firaministan Ghana.

## Ilimi
Busia ta yi karatun firamare a makarantar Wenchi Methodist da Makarantar Middle Girls's School da ke Kumasi. Ta sami horo a matsayin malami a Kwalejin Horar da Komenda. A 1959, ta tafi gudun hijira a Landan tare da dan uwanta, Kofi Abrefa Busia kuma a nan ta yi karatun Institutional Management and Catering a Regent Street Polytechnic.

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa
Kwanan nan ne aka karrama ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu jajircewa a Ghana a fannin siyasa.

## Manazarta
Jerin Sunayen Mazaɓu na Ƙaramar Hukumar Ajingi

Karamar Hukumar Ajingi dake jahar kano tanada mazabu goma (10) ga jerin sunayensu kamar haka.

# Ajingi
# Balare
# Chula
# Dabin kanawa
# Dundun
# Gafasa
# Gurduba
# Kunkurawa
# Toranke
# Ungawar bai.

## Manazarta
Nana Oye Lithur

**Nana Oye Lithur** yar Ghana ce kuma barista kuma 'yar siyasa. Ta kasance ministar kula da jinsi, yara da kare zamantakewa a Ghana daga shekara ta, 2013 zuwa 2017, wanda shugaba John Mahama ya nada bayan babban zaben Ghana. Ita mamba ce ta National Democratic Congress.

## Tarihin rayuwa
Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Cocin Ridge da Wesley Girls' High School. Ta sami digiri na farko a fannin shari'a a Jami'ar Ghana, Legon, da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin shari'a, 'yancin ɗan adam da dimokraɗiyya a Afirka daga Jami'ar Pretoria, Afirka ta Kudu.

Ta rike mukaman babban darektan cibiyar kare hakkin bil adama da kuma mai kula da yankin (Ofishin Afirka) na kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta Commonwealth. Ta yi aiki a matsayin memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya akan Zubar da ciki da kuma mamba mai ba da shawara na Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya kan Gane Haƙƙin Haihuwa.

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa
* Wanda ta karɓi lambar yabo ta Jagorancin Bawan Afirka na (2011)
* Kyautar Gwarzon Haƙƙin Mata na (2012)
* Matan Afirka ta Yamma a Kyautar Jagoranci don Tasiri Mai Girma

## Manazarta
Jerin Sunayen Mazaɓu na Ƙaramar Hukumar Albasu

Karamar Hukumar Albasu ta jahar kano ta naɗa mazaɓu goma da take Shugabanta

# Albasu central
# Bataiya
# Chamarana
# Daho
# Fanda
# Faragai
# Gagarame
# Hungu
# Saya-saya
# Tsangaya.

## Manazarta
Jerin Sunayen Mazaɓu na Ƙaramar Hukumar Ɓagwai

Karamar Hukumar Bagwai Ta jahar kano tanada mazabu goma (10) data ke Shugabanta Gasu kamar Haka.
# Ɓagwai,
# Dangada,
# Gadanya,
# Gogori,
# Kiyawa,
# Kwajali,
# Rimin dako,
# Romo,
# Sare-sare,
# Wuro baga.

## Manazarta
Guna

**Guna** wata abace da ake shuka acikinta ana shuka hatsi da dama a cikinta, misali kamar;
# Masara
# Dawa
# Gero
# Shinkafa dadai sauransu
 

## Manazarta
Haƙƙin ƴan adam a duniyar na'ura mai ƙwaƙwalwa

**Haƙƙoƙin ɗan adam a cikin sararin yanar gizo** sabon abu ne kuma yanki ne na doka wanda ba a bayyana shi ba. Hukumar kare haƙƙin bil'adama ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ( UNHRC ) ta bayyana cewa ƴancin faɗin albarkacin baki da bayanai a ƙarƙashin doka ta (19 )( 2 ) na yarjejeniyar ƙasa da ƙasa kan ƴancin jama'a da siyasa ( ICCPR ) sun haɗa da ƴancin karɓa da sadar da bayanai, da ra'ayoyi ta hanyar Intanet. [1]

Wani muhimmin zance shine Mataki na 19( **3** ) na ICCPR, wanda ya tanadi cewa:Yin amfani da haƙƙin da aka bayar a sakin layi na biyu na wannan labarin yana ɗauke da ayyuka da ayyuka na musamman. Don haka ana iya fuskantar wasu ƙuntatawa, amma waɗannan za su kasance kawai waɗanda doka ta tanadar kuma sun zama dole:

## Manazarta
Kungiyar rawa na P. Virsky na kasar Ukraine

**Kungiyar rawa na P. Virsky na kasar Ukraine** ( Ukraine; Har ila yau ana kiransa da **Virsky** ) wani kamfani ne na raye-raye na kasar Ukraine wanda da ke kasar Ukraine, Kungiyar tayi fice matuka dangane da wasannin raye-rayen ta. An kafa gungu a cikin 1937 ta Pavlo Virsky da Mykola Bolotov, kuma Virsky ya jagorance shi har mutuwarsa a 1975. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Virsky ya yi wa sojoji a gaba. A shekara ta 1980, Myroslav Vantukh, wanda ya kasance almajiri na Virsky, ya mamaye jagorancin fasaha na kamfanin. Manufar Virsky ita ce ƙirƙirar raye-rayen da suka shafi al'adun raye-rayen Ukrainian tarihi da kuma raye-rayen da ke da sabbin abubuwa da ci gaba.

## Repertoire
 

### Wakoki daga Pavlo Virsky

* *My Z Ukraine* ( English:   )
* *Povzunets* ( English:   ), wani rawa mai ban dariya na Cossack
* *Oi, Pid Vishneiu* ( English:   )
* *Zaporozchi*, National Ukrainian rawa na Cossacks
* *Vyshyvalnytsi* ( English:   )
* *Moriaky* ( English:   )
* *Hopak*

### Wakoki daga Myroslav Vantukh

* *Carpathians*
* *Rawar Tambourine*
* *Shekarun Matasa*
* *Cikin Aminci Da Zaman Lafiya*
* *Rasha Suite*
* *Ukraino, My Ukraino* ( English:   )
* *Tsygansky*, rawar Gypsy
* *Volynsk Patterns*
* *Kozachok*

## Duba kuma

* Jerin kungiyoyin wasan raye-rayen jama'a

## Manazarta

* Official Yanar Gizo na Ukrainian National Folk Dance gungu mai suna Bayan P.Virsky
* Labarin Labari akan Virsky da aka  Archived  
* Labari na mako-mako na Ukrainian
Gidan shirye-shirye na Kyiv Academic Young Theatre

**Kyiv National Academic Molodyy Theater** ( Ukraine ) gidan wasan kwaikwayo ne na matasa a Kyiv a Ukraine. An kafa shi a cikin shekara ta 1979 kuma an buɗe shi a ranar 14 ga watan Disamban 1979. Wasan kwaikwayo da aka fara yi a gidan ya faru a Afrilu 26, 1980. Daga 1985 har zuwa yau, gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya mamaye wani gida a kan titin Prorizna, gida na 17, wanda a cikin shekaru daban-daban yana dauke da ginin kulob din jami'ai, Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Matasa (Lesya Kurbasa), cinema "Komsomolets na Ukraine".

## Tarihi
An kafa gidan wasan kwaikwayo a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 1979, lokacin da taron farko na kungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ya faru. Wasan kwaikwayo na farko na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na matasa ya faru a ranar 26 ga Afrilu, 1980.

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Gidan yanar gizon hukuma

## Manazarta
Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Les Kurbas

An kafa **gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Les Kurbas Lviv**  a shekarar ta alif 1988)  ta Volodymyr Kuchynsky da ƙungiyar matasa 'yan wasan kwaikwayo waɗanda, kamar fitaccen darektan dan kasae Ukraine Les Kurbas da abokan aikinsa a shekarar 1918, sun ji buƙatar ƙirƙirar gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Oleg Mikhailovich Tsyona ya kasance darektan fasaha na gidan wasan kwaikwayo tun shekarar 2019.

## Asali
Tun lokacin da aka kafa shi, gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Les Kurbas ya habaka zuwa ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun kungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo, duka a Ukraine da kasashen waje. Ayyuka a gidan wasan kwaikwayo ciki har da: "Garden of Unthawed Sculptures"  na Lina Kostenko ; "Mai godiya Hirudus" da "Narcissus" na Hryhoriy Skovoroda ; "Tsakanin Sojojin Biyu" na Volodymyr Vynnychenko ; "A cikin Filin Jini," "Johanna, Hirudus wife,"  da "Apocrypha" na Lesia Ukrainka ; "Mafarkai" da "Zabavy dlya Fausta" na Fyodor Dostoevsky ; "Yabo ga Eros" da "Silenus Alcibiadis" na Plato ; "Marco La'ananne ko Gabas ta Tsakiya" na Vasyl Stus ; da " Jiran Godot " na Samuel Beckett sun cancanci wakilcin Ukraine kuma sun sami mafi darajan girmamawa a bukukuwan wasan kwaikwayo na duniya da yawa. 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

*