Hetty Green

**Henrietta "Hetty" Howland Robinson Green** (21 ga Nuwamba, 1834 - 3 ga Yuli, 1916)  'yar kasuwa ce kuma mai kuɗi da aka fi sani da "mace mafi arziki a Amurka" a zamanin Gilded Age . Waɗanda suka san ta sosai sun kira ta da " **Sarauniyar Wall Street** " saboda sha'awarta ta ba da rance cikin 'yanci da kuma riba mai ma'ana ga masu kuɗi da gwamnatocin birane a lokacin firgici na kuɗi.  Tsarin da ta yi na musamman a irin waɗannan lokutan ya ba ta damar tara dukiya a matsayin mai kuɗi a lokacin da kusan dukkan manyan masu kuɗi maza ne. 

A matsayinta na mai zuba jari mai nasara, tare da ofishin Wall Street, ba ta saba zama mace a duniyar maza ba. Ba tare da son shiga cikin manyan al'umma na birnin New York ba, ko kuma haɗin gwiwar kasuwanci, ta kasance mai yawan jama'a kuma mai son saka hannun jari, amma ta kasance majagaba a fannin saka hannun jari mai daraja . Sha'awarta ta yin lamuni mai rahusa (tare da ajiyar kuɗinta mai kyau) maimakon bankunan da suka durƙushe a lokacin Tsoron 1907 ya taimaka wajen ceto Wall Street, Birnin New York, da tattalin arzikin Amurka.  Duk da haka, a lokacin bazawararta, an gan ta a matsayin mai yawan rowa, duk da launin baƙi, wani lokacin ana kiranta da " **Mayya ta Wall Street** ", kuma daga baya *[[Guinness World Records|Littafin Guinness na Tarihin Duniya]]* ya sanya mata suna "mafi girman rowa" na ɗan lokaci. Labarun da aka fi ambato sun haɗa da ƙin siyan tufafi masu tsada ko biyan kuɗin ruwan zafi, da kuma ɗabi'arta ta sanya riga ɗaya da aka maye gurbinta kawai lokacin da ta tsufa. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup> Binciken da aka yi daga baya ya nuna ta a matsayin wacce ba ta da wani amfani, amma galibi ta yi daidai da yawan masu arziki na Zamanin Gilded, da kuma tsammanin zamani ga mata, musamman na ajinta.

== Haihuwa da shekarun farko ==

=== Yaro a farkon ƙuruciya ===
An haifi Henrietta ("Hetty") Howland Robinson a shekara ta 1834 a New Bedford, Massachusetts, 'yar Edward Mott Robinson da Abby Howland, dangin kifaye mafi arziki a birnin. 'Yan uwanta Quakers ne waɗanda suka mallaki babban jirgin ruwan kifin kifi kuma sun ci gajiyar cinikin China .  Tana da ƙanenta wanda ya mutu tun yana jariri. 

Tana da shekaru biyu, an tura Green ta zauna tare da kakanta, Gideon Howland, da Goggonta Sylvia. Green za ta karanta bayanan hannun jari da rahotannin kasuwanci ga kakanta kuma ta ɗauki wasu daga cikin hanyoyin kasuwancinsa. Tana da shekaru 10, ta shiga makarantar kwana ta Eliza Wing da ke Sandwich, Massachusetts . Mahaifin Green ya zama shugaban kamfanin kifin Isaac Howland bayan mutuwar Gideon, kuma ta fara kwaikwayon ayyukan kasuwancin mahaifinta. Saboda tasirin Gideon da na mahaifinta, kuma wataƙila saboda mahaifiyarta tana rashin lafiya koyaushe, tana kusa da mahaifinta kuma tana karanta masa takardun kuɗi tun tana ɗan shekara shida. Green ta koyi karanta littattafai da cinikayyar kayayyaki . Lokacin da take da shekaru 13, Green ta zama mai kula da littattafai na iyali.  Ta raka mahaifinta zuwa gidajen ƙidaya, ɗakunan ajiya, 'yan kasuwar kayayyaki, da dillalan hannun jari. Da yamma, ta karanta masa labarai.  

=== Balaga a farkon girma ===
A ƙarshen shekarunta na samartaka, Green ta halarci makarantun kwana da dama da kuma makarantun kammala karatunta, kamar Friends Academy da kuma makarantar kammala karatun Anna Cabot Lowell . A lokaci guda, ta taimaka wa mahaifinta wajen gudanar da harkokin kasuwancin iyali. Babban abin da ya haɗa ta a tsawon wannan lokacin rayuwarta shi ne kin amincewa da ƙa'idodin zamantakewa da aka kafa wa mata a lokacin - musamman magadan arziki. Green ba ta damu da kamanninta ba, ta fi son saka tsofaffin tufafi, kuma ta yi watsi da tsarin haihuwa na yau da kullun da 'yan mata ke yi. Halin Green ya ɓata wa mahaifiyarta da Goggo Sylvia rai saboda suna tsoron abin da makomar za ta kasance ga magadan arziki wanda ke jin kamar yana gida a tashar jiragen ruwa ta New Bedford fiye da yin mu'amala da membobin ajinta. 

Lokacin da Green ta cika shekara 20, Goggonta Sylvia ta matsa mata ta nemi miji. Cikin rashin son rai, Green ta koma New York don zama tare da wani ɗan uwan mahaifiyarta, Henry Grinnell . A lokacin da take New York, ta yi cuɗanya da manyan mutanen New York kuma ta halarci bukukuwa da yawa masu tsada amma ba ta nuna sha'awar neman miji ba. Madadin haka, ta ɓatar da mafi yawan lokacinta tana sauraron maza yayin da suke tattaunawa kan sabbin wasannin kwaikwayo na Wall Street. 'Yan uwanta sun yi fushi lokacin da ta dawo New Bedford watanni da yawa da wuri ba tare da neman aure ba. Mahaifinta shi kaɗai ne wanda bai iya riƙe farin cikinsa ba lokacin da ya ji cewa Green ta kashe dala 200 kacal daga cikin kasafin kuɗinta na dala 1,200, tana saka sauran a cikin lamuni mai inganci.  

=== Balaga da aure ===
Cikin shekaru kaɗan bayan dawowarta New Bedford, mahaifin Green ya bar harkar kifin kifi ya koma birnin New York. Ficewarsa ta kasance cikin lokaci mai kyau, domin amfani da man fetur kusan ya kawar da buƙatar man kifi a cikin 'yan shekaru. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D; Green ta shafe shekaru shida masu zuwa tana zirga-zirga tsakanin birnin New York da New Bedford. Babban abin da ta sa a New York shi ne taimaka wa mahaifinta da sabbin kasuwanci da ayyukan saka hannun jari, yayin da fifikonta a New Bedford shi ne takura wa Goggonta Sylvia don tabbatar da cewa ita kaɗai ce za ta amfana da wasiyyarta. Faɗace-faɗace da ake yi game da wasiyyar Goggonta Sylvia ya haifar da faɗan kotu mai ɗorewa, wanda ya dame Green har tsawon rayuwarta. Mahaifiyar Green, Abby Robinson, ta mutu a ranar 21 ga Fabrairu, 1860, amma kadarorinta na dala 100,000 sun tafi ga mijinta, sai dai dala 8,000 ( equivalent to $280,000 a shekarar 2024 ) gidan Green. 

A lokacin da take zaune a birnin New York, Hetty ta haɗu da mijinta na gaba, Edward Henry Green na Vermont . Lokacin da yake da shekaru 44, Edward abokin tarayya ne a Russell Sturgis &amp;amp; Company kuma ya zama miloniya a cikin harkokin kasuwancinsa a Gabas Mai Nisa. Mahaifinta ya ƙarfafa aurensu amma tare da ƙa'ida bayyananniya cewa Green ba za ta gaji kuɗin Hetty ba. Musamman ma, wasiyyar ta bayyana cewa za ta kasance "babu bashi, iko ko tsoma baki daga irin wannan mijin."  Ganin cewa gadon Hetty ya kasance lafiya, mahaifinta ya ƙarfafa auren, domin yana damuwa da raguwar lafiyarsa da kuma ikon Hetty na gudanar da harkokin iyali a lokacin da ba ya nan. 

A watan Mayu na shekarar 1865, Hetty da Edward suka sanar da aurensu, amma ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka, mahaifin Hetty da Goggo Sylvia suka mutu. Duk da cewa Hetty ita ce babbar mai cin gajiyar gidajen biyu, yawancin kadarorin an sanya su cikin aminci, wanda hakan ya ba Hetty damar samun kuɗin shiga kawai. An kiyasta kadarorin Robinson sun kai dala miliyan 6, amma duk banda dala miliyan 1 an sanya su cikin amintaccen asusun ajiya wanda ya ba Hetty damar samun kuɗin shiga kawai. Sylvia Howland ta ba da rabin kadarorinta na dala miliyan 2 ga ƙungiyoyin agaji da ƙungiyoyi a garin New Bedford; sauran kuma an sanya su cikin amintaccen asusun ajiya ga Hetty, amma kuma ba tare da ikon mallakar babban asusun ba. Wannan ya fusata Hetty saboda ta yi imanin cewa za ta iya saka hannun jarin kadarorin yadda ya kamata kuma a farashi mai rahusa - ikirarin da ta tabbatar daga baya ba tare da wata shakka ba.  

Green ta fusata musamman da wasiyyar Sylvia, kuma ta fara shari'ar kotu da ke kalubalantar sahihancinta. Wanda ya aiwatar da wasiyyar Howland, Thomas Mandell, ya yi watsi da ikirarin Hetty na cewa ƙarin bayani game da wasiyyar ya ba ta kusan dukkan kadarorin. Mandell ta yi iƙirarin cewa ƙarin bayani na jabu ne, kuma an ƙalubalantarsa a kotu. Shari'ar, *Robinson v. Mandell*, ta kasance abin lura a matsayin misali na farko na amfani da lissafi na shari'a . A ƙarshe an yanke hukunci kan Robinson bayan da kotun ta yanke hukuncin cewa ƙarin bayani da sa hannun jabu ne.  Hetty ta yanke hukunci kan ƙaramin kashi na kadarorin (kimanin $600,000), wanda aka sanya a cikin amintaccen gida.

Saboda gajiyar da aka yi musu, kuma suna damuwa game da ƙoƙarin da 'yan uwan Hetty suka yi na gurfanar da ita a gaban kuliya bisa ga hukuncin da aka yanke wa *Robinson da Mandell*, ma'auratan sun ƙaura zuwa ƙasashen waje zuwa Landan, inda suka zauna a Otal ɗin Langham . 'Yan Greens sun bar Amurka zuwa Landan jim kaɗan bayan aurensu a ranar 11 ga Yuli, 1867. 'Ya'yansu biyu, Edward Howland Robinson Green (wanda ake kira Ned) da Harriet Sylvia Ann Howland Green Wilks (wanda ake kira Sylvia), an haife su a Landan: Ned a ranar 23 ga Agusta, 1868, da Sylvia a ranar 7 ga Janairu, 1871.   

## Aikin saka hannun jari
Green ta bi wata dabarar saka hannun jari ta daban, a cikin kalamanta, "Ina saye ne lokacin da abubuwa suka yi ƙasa kuma babu wanda yake son su. Ina ajiye su har sai sun tashi kuma mutane suna haukatar da samun su. Wannan, ina ganin, sirrin duk wani kasuwanci mai nasara." Green ta saka hannun jari daga asusun amintaccen mahaifinta, ta sake saka hannun jari kamar yadda mahaifinta ya yi, a cikin takardun yarjejeniyar Yaƙin Basasa, wanda ya biya babban riba a zinare, wanda hannun jarin jirgin ƙasa ya ƙara. Ribar da ta samu a shekara ta farko a Landan ta kai dala $1.25.&nbsp;miliyan, kuma mafi yawan abin da ta samu a rana shine dala 200,000. Green ta ci gaba da cewa, "Ina da yakinin shiga ƙasa da kuma fita sama. Ina son siyan hannun jari na jirgin ƙasa ko jinginar gida. Idan na ga abu mai kyau yana tafiya arha saboda babu wanda yake so, sai na sayi da yawa daga ciki na kuma cire shi." Tsarin saka hannun jarinta wataƙila za a iya kwatanta shi da matsayin " saya ƙasa, siyar da babban ". Rangwamen Hetty, waɗanda aka saya a lokacin Yaƙin Basasa, sun ƙaru a darajar lokacin da Majalisa ta zartar da doka a 1875 suna goyon bayansu da zinare. Kamar yadda Hetty ta faɗa game da falsafar saka hannun jarinta, "Kafin in yanke shawara kan saka hannun jari, ina neman kowane irin bayani game da shi."  

Lokacin da iyalan Green suka koma Amurka a watan Oktoban 1873, bayan da Edward ya sha kashi a Wall Street, sai suka zauna a garin Edward na Bellows Falls, Vermont. Hetty ta yi jayayya da mahaifiyar Edward har sai da ta mutu a shekarar 1875. A wannan shekarar, Hetty ta biya kuɗin asarar da Edward ya yi da Bankin London da San Francisco, wanda shi ne ɗaya daga cikin daraktocin. Hetty ta sake tserar da Edward a shekarar 1884.  

Bayan rugujewar gidan kuɗi na John J. Cisco & Son a shekarar 1885, wanda Edward abokin tarayya ne, an bayyana cewa Edward yana da bashin dala $700,000. Dala $500,000 ta Hetty Green ta wakilci kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na kadarorin bankin. Bankin ya ƙi ba ta damar canja wurin dala $26 ɗinta.&nbsp;hannun jari, shaidu, jinginar gida, da takardu ga Bankin Ƙasa na Chemical har sai an biya bashin Edward. A ƙarshe, Hetty ta yi canja wurin ta biya bashin mijinta, amma ba ta taɓa yafe wa Edward ba.  

Green ta kafa ofishi a Bankin Sinadarai amma ta ci gaba da zama a gidajen kwana, gidaje, ko otal-otal. A lokacin ana kiranta da "Sarauniyar Titin Wall."  Falsafar jarin da ta saka, a cikin kalamanta, ta haɗa da, "A fannin kasuwanci gabaɗaya, kada ku rufe ciniki har sai kun yi tunani a kai cikin dare ɗaya." Ta kuma yi tunani, "Na yi imani cewa wajibi ne kowace mace ta koyi kula da harkokin kasuwancinta," kuma "Ya kamata a renon yarinya domin ta iya biyan bukatunta..." "Ko mai kuɗi ne ko talaka, ya kamata budurwa ta san yadda asusun banki ke aiki, ta fahimci tsarin jinginar gida da takardun lamuni, kuma ta san darajar riba da kuma yadda take taruwa."  

Tsoron 1907 ya ba Green dama ta nuna ƙwarewar saka hannun jari da ta tara tsawon shekaru da dama. Ba kamar yawancin masu ba da kuɗi na Wall Street ba, Green ta annabta fargabar tun kafin isowarta. Ta bayyana hasashenta, tana mai cewa, "Na ga wannan yanayi yana tasowa shekaru uku da suka gabata, kuma ina kan gani kamar ina hasashen hakan. Na ce masu kuɗi suna gab da faɗawa, kuma 'tsoro' ba makawa ne."  Shekaru da yawa kafin tashin hankalin, Green ta tara babban kuɗi. Lokacin da tashin hankalin ya zo a watan Oktoba na 1907, Green ta ba da rance ga masu ba da kuɗi da Birnin New York don shawo kan rikicin. Ita ce kuma mace ɗaya tilo da aka gayyata zuwa taron tattaunawa mai mahimmanci tare da J. Pierpont Morgan da manyan shugabannin bankuna a lokacin da rikicin ya yi tsanani. 

### Dabarun saka hannun jari
Green ta gudanar da mafi yawan harkokinta a ofisoshin  a birnin New York, kewaye da akwatuna da jakunkuna cike da takardu; ba ta son biyan kuɗin haya na ofishinta. Wataƙila saboda rigarta ta yau da kullun (saboda yawan kuɗi, amma wataƙila yana da alaƙa da tarbiyyar Quaker), an ba ta laƙabi da "Mayya ta Wall Street".  

Green mace ce mai nasara a harkokin kasuwanci wadda ta fi yin kasuwanci a fannin gidaje, ta zuba jari a fannin layin dogo da ma'adinai, sannan ta ba da rancen kuɗi yayin da take neman jinginar gidaje da dama. Birnin New York ya zo Green don neman rancen kuɗi don ci gaba da tafiyar da birnin a lokuta da dama, musamman a lokacin Tashin Hankali na 1907 ; ta rubuta ceki na $1.1.&nbsp;miliyan kuma ta karɓi kuɗinta a cikin takardun kuɗin shiga na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Tana mai da hankali kan cikakkun bayanai, tana yin tafiya ta dubban mil ita kaɗai—a zamanin da mata kaɗan ne za su yi ƙarfin halin tafiya ba tare da rakiya ba—don karɓar bashin da ya kai dala ɗari.

Ken Fisher ya yi bayani game da Green a cikin littafinsa na 2007 *mai suna 100 Minds That Made the Market* .  Fisher ya yi jayayya cewa duk da rashin kyawunta, Green ta fi yawancin masu zuba jari a cikin shekarunta na farko a Wall Street. Green ta fahimci ƙarfin ribar da ke tattare da ita, kuma mai da hankali kan ribar kashi 6% a kowace shekara da kuma rayuwa mai rahusa ya sa dukiyarta ta fi dorewa fiye da irin Jesse Livermore waɗanda suka sami kuɗi mai yawa akai-akai akan yarjejeniyoyi masu tsada amma kuma suka fatara ta hanyar kashe kuɗi mai yawa da saka hannun jari masu haɗari.

## Suna

### Kasuwancin hannu
Zamanin Gilded Age wani zamani ne da aka san shi da yawan kashe kuɗi wajen sayen kayan masarufi, kuma tana cikin 'yan tsirarun masu zuba jari da suka ƙi shiga. Hakika, an san ta da yin sakaci ko rowa da kuɗinta.  'Yan jarida na lokacinta galibi suna gabatar da riƙonta a matsayin shaida na roƙonta, alhali kuwa hakan ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a dabarun saka hannun jarinta. Misalan labaran da ba su dace ba a kafofin watsa labarai sun haɗa da rahotannin cewa ba ta taɓa kunna zafi ko amfani da ruwan zafi ba. An kuma san ta da sanya riga baƙar fata ɗaya da ba za ta maye gurbinta ba har sai ta tsufa sosai. Bugu da ƙari, an ruwaito cewa ta umurci rigar wankin ta da ta wanke mafi ƙazanta na rigunanta (ƙafafun) kawai don adana kuɗi akan sabulu. Babban zargi mafi tsanani, duk da haka, shine ta yi sakaci da kula da ƙafar ɗanta da ta ji rauni, wanda daga ƙarshe ya haifar da yanke ƙafa. Shaidar da aka ambata ita ce ƙin biyan kuɗin ziyarar likita ɗaya. Duk da haka, akwai shaidu masu yawa da ke nuna cewa Green ta kashe kuɗi mai yawa don kula da ɗanta. Wannan ya haɗa da ziyartar ƙwararru da yawa, da kuma ƙaura zuwa gidanta na ɗan lokaci don ta kula da shi.  

Ra'ayin Green game da harkokin kuɗi ya bambanta sosai da na jama'a. Akwai shaida cewa yadda take kula da harkokin kuɗi ta samo asali ne daga mahaifinta, wanda shi ma mai saka hannun jari ne mai nasara. Ta taɓa bayyana yadda take kula da harkokin kuɗi ta hanyar ba da bayanin da mahaifinta ya bayar bayan ya ƙi sigari mai tsada da aka ba shi, "Ina shan sigari mai cent huɗu kuma ina son su. Idan na sha sigari mafi kyau, zan iya rasa sha'awar waɗanda nake ganin sun fi dacewa da ni yanzu." 

Ribar Green ta kuma nuna yadda ta girma a Quaker, wanda ya nuna fifikon suturar da ba ta da tsada a tsakanin sauran halaye. Lokacin da wani ɗan jarida ya yi tambaya game da dalilin da ya sa ta ɓatar da ɗan lokaci kaɗan a lokacin ziyarar wani otal mai tsada, ta amsa da cewa "Saurayi, ni Quaker ce, kuma ina ƙoƙarin rayuwa bisa ga ƙa'idodin wannan addinin. Shi ya sa nake yin ado a sarari kuma ina rayuwa a hankali. Babu wani irin rayuwa da zai faranta mini rai." A ƙarshe, ribar Green ta kasance mai mahimmanci ga dabarun saka hannun jarinta, domin ta ba ta damar siyan kadarori cikin kwanciyar hankali a tsakiyar fargabar kuɗi saboda ta shirya ta don rayuwa da ƙarancin kuɗi.

### Hoton kafofin watsa labarai
Sau da yawa ana nuna Green a matsayin abin da ba shi da kyau a kafofin watsa labarai. Duk da haka dabarun saka hannun jarinta sun guji dabarun da masu hasashe na Wall Street kamar Daniel Drew, Jay Gould, da Jim Fisk ke amfani da su. Ta taɓa yin tsokaci kan wannan kuskuren fahimta:Ya zama... cewa rayuwata an rubuta min a Wall Street ne ta hanyar mutanen da, ina tsammanin, ba sa son sanin ko da ɗaya daga cikin ainihin Hetty Green. Ni da gaske nake; don haka suna ɗaukar ni a matsayin marar tausayi. Ina bin hanyar kaina, ba na ɗaukar abokin tarayya, ba na ɗaukar alhakin dukiyar wani, don haka ni Madame Isma'il ce, mai adawa da kowane mutum. Ta kasance mai taimakon jama'a a ɓoye, tana guje wa hankalin manema labarai, tana cewa, "Na yi imani da taimakon jama'a a ɓoye." Green kuma ta yi suna a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya mai inganci, tana kula da 'ya'yanta da tsoffin maƙwabtanta. Waƙar da ta fi so ita ce "My Symphony" ta William Henry Channing, wadda ta fara da "Don rayuwa mai daɗi da ƙananan hanyoyi..." :184,219,224–226

Duk da ƙarfin ɗabi'unta idan aka kwatanta da takwarorinta, Green ta shiga ƙamus na Amurka ta ƙarni da kalmar da aka fi sani da "Ba ni da Hetty idan na yi kama da kore." O. Henry ya yi amfani da wannan jumla a cikin labarinsa na shekarun 1890s mai suna " Ɗakin Sama ", inda wata matashiya, wacce ke yin shawarwari kan hayar ɗaki a cikin gidan ɗaki mallakar wata tsohuwa mai mugunta, tana son bayyana a sarari cewa ba ta da wadata kamar yadda take bayyana ba kuma ba ta da wayo. 

## Rayuwa daga baya
A lokacin da yake saurayi, Ned Green ya ƙaura daga mahaifiyarsa don kula da kadarorin iyalin a Chicago, daga baya kuma, Texas. A tsakiyar shekaru, ya koma New York; mahaifiyarsa ta zauna a watanninta na ƙarshe tare da shi. 

'Yar Green Sylvia ta zauna tare da mahaifiyarta har zuwa shekarunta talatin. Green ta ƙi amincewa da duk waɗanda suka nemi auren 'yarta, tana zargin cewa suna neman arzikinta. Daga ƙarshe Sylvia ta auri Matthew Astor Wilks a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu, 1909, bayan sun shafe shekaru biyu suna soyayya. Wilks, wanda ƙaramin magajin dukiyar Astor ne, ya shiga auren da dala $2.&nbsp;miliyoyin nasa, wanda ya isa ya tabbatar wa Green cewa ba mai haƙa zinare ba ne. Duk da haka, ta tilasta masa ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar aure kafin aure wanda ya kawar da haƙƙinsa na gadon dukiyar Sylvia. 

Lokacin da 'ya'yanta manya suka bar gida, Green ta yi ta ƙaura akai-akai a cikin ƙananan gidaje a Brooklyn Heights kuma bayan 1898, a Hoboken, New Jersey,  galibi don guje wa harajin kadarori na New York, kodayake ta ba da rancen kuɗi ga birnin a farashi mai ma'ana. Daga nan ta kan yi tafiya akai-akai zuwa ofishinta a Bankin Sinadarai da ke Broadway. Zuwa 1905, Green ita ce babbar mai ba da lamuni a New York.  Jita-jita marasa tushe sun yi ikirarin cewa ta ci hatsi, ƙwai, da albasa ne kawai, ba tare da dumamawa ba don kada ta ƙara kuɗin mai. 

A lokacin tsufanta, Green ta kamu da ciwon hernia, amma ta ƙi yin tiyata, ta fi son amfani da sanda don rage kumburin. Daga ƙarshe ta mayar da ofishinta zuwa Bankin National Park, lokacin da ta yi tunanin an ba ta guba a Bankin Chemical, abin da ya sa ta ji tsoro a mafi yawan rayuwarta. :276,282–283

## Manazarta