Biofilter

**Biofiltration** wata dabara ce ta kula da gurɓata ta amfani da bioreactor wanda ke dauke da kayan rayuwa don kamawa da lalata gurɓataccen abu. Amfani na yau da kullun sun haɗa da sarrafa Ruwa mai guba, kama sunadarai masu cutarwa ko silt daga runoff na ƙasa, da microbiotic oxidation na gurbataccen iska. Za'a iya rarraba biofiltration na masana'antu a matsayin tsari na amfani da oxidation na halitta don cire kwayoyin halitta, ƙanshi, da hydrocarbons. 

## Misalan biofiltration
Misalan biofiltration sun hada da:

* Bioswales, Biostrips, biobags, bioscrubbers, Vermifilters da trickling filtersfilters masu narkewa
* Yankunan da aka gina da kuma wuraren da aka ginaYankunan ruwa na halitta
* Filters na yashi mai saurin gudu
* Ruwa na magani
* Green belts
* Ganuwar kore
* Yankunan bakin teku, gandun daji, gandun dajindazuzzuka
* Tattara halittuHaɗuwa da halittu

## Kula da gurɓataccen iska
Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi don tace iska da tsarkakewa, masu amfani da kwayoyin halitta suna amfani da microorganisms don cire gurɓataccen iska. Iska tana gudana ta hanyar gado mai cike da kaya kuma gurbataccen yana canzawa cikin wani nau'i mai laushi a saman kayan kwalliya. Microorganisms, ciki har da kwayoyin cuta da fungi suna cikin biofilm kuma suna lalata gurbataccen. Masu tacewa da masu ba da labari sun dogara da fim din da aikin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ruwan su.

Fasahar ta sami mafi girman aikace-aikace wajen magance mahaɗan da ba su da ƙanshi da mahaɗan kwayoyin halitta (VOCs). Masana'antu da ke amfani da fasahar sun haɗa da kayan abinci da kayan dabbobi, gas daga wuraren kula da Ruwa mai guba, magunguna, masana'antun kayan itace, fenti da kayan shafawa aikace-aikace da masana'antu da masana'antun resin da aikace-aikacen, da dai sauransu. Abubuwan da aka sarrafa yawanci suna gauraye VOCs da mahadi daban-daban na sulfur, gami da hydrogen sulfide. Za'a iya kula da manyan iska kuma kodayake ana buƙatar babban yanki (ƙafar ƙafa) - babban biofilter (> 200,000 acfm) na iya zama ƙasa da yawa ko fiye da filin kwallon kafa - wannan ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan matsalolin fasahar. Tun daga farkon shekarun 1990s, injiniyoyin biofilters sun samar da raguwar sawun sawun sa a kan gado na al'ada, nau'in kafofin watsa labarai na kwayoyin halitta.

Ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙalubalen aiki mafi kyau na biofilter shine kiyaye danshi mai kyau a duk tsarin. Ana yawan sanyaya iska kafin ta shiga gado tare da tsarin ban ruwa (spray), ɗakin sanyaya, bio scrubber, ko tacewar bio. Da kyau a kiyaye shi, na halitta, na kwayoyin halitta kamar peat, kayan lambu, bark ko katako na itace na iya wucewa na shekaru da yawa amma injiniya, haɗuwa da kwayoyin halitta, da kayan kwalliya na roba gabaɗaya zasu kasance da tsawo, har zuwa shekaru 10. Kamfanoni da yawa suna ba da waɗannan nau'ikan kayan kwalliya masu mallaka da tabbacin shekaru da yawa, ba a yawan ba da su tare da takin mai na al'ada ko mai laushi na katako ba.

## Maganin ruwa

An fara gabatar da Biofiltration a Ingila a cikin 1893 a matsayin matattarar matattarar ruwa don Maganin ruwa mai guba kuma tun daga lokacin an yi amfani da shi don maganin nau'ikan ruwa daban-daban. An yi amfani da maganin halittu a Turai don tace ruwa don dalilai na sha tun farkon shekarun 1900 kuma yanzu yana karɓar ƙarin sha'awa a duk duniya. Biofiltration kuma ya zama ruwan dare a cikin maganin ruwa mai guba, Kiwon kifi da sake amfani da ruwa mai launin toka, a matsayin hanyar rage maye gurbin ruwa yayin kara ingancin ruwa.

## Manazarta