Binciken Lafiya na Ingila

**OBinciken Lafiya na [[Ingila]]** (HSE) bincike ne na kididdiga wanda ake gudanarwa a kowace shekara don tattara bayanai game da kiwon lafiya da halayyar da ke da alaƙa da kiwon lafiyar mutanen da ke zaune a Gidaje masu zaman kansu a Ingila.

## Tarihi
An kafa HSE a cikin 1991 don samar da bayanai game da salon rayuwa da zaɓin halayyar tare da manufar inganta manufofin kiwon lafiya na ƙasa. Daga 1991 zuwa 1994, Ofishin Ƙididdigar Jama'a da Bincike ne ya gudanar da binciken wanda yanzu yana cikin Ofishin Ƙidaya na Kasa (ONS). Wannan ya canza a cikin 1994 kuma binciken yanzu ana gudanar da shi ta hanyar hadin gwiwa na Cibiyar Nazarin Jama'a ta Kasa (NatCen) da Sashen Epidemiology da Lafiya ta Jama'a a Kwalejin Jami'ar London.[1]

HSE ta ƙunshi ainihin tambayoyin da suka suka shafi  canzawa sai don sabuntawa don canje-canjen manufofi, misali.  Ƙarin tambayoyi akan e-cigare.  Ana haɗa waɗannan mahimman tambayoyin akai-akai, misali.  kowace shekara, kowace shekara biyu, kowace shekara 3 dangane da buƙata.  Bugu da ƙari, a cikin shekaru, HSE ya haɗa da ƙarin nau'ikan tambayoyi a lokuta daban-daban don ba da damar sa ido na canji.  Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'o'in tambayoyin wasu ƙungiyoyi ne kamar ma'aikatun gwamnati da ƙungiyoyin agaji.  Ana maimaita waɗannan ƙarin samfuran a cikin tazara masu dacewa don tabbatar da ci gaba da kuma sa ido kan canji.  Ana tattara bayanai ta hanyar binciken hira da ziyarar ma'aikaciyar jinya.  Binciken tambayoyin yana ɗaukar kusan mintuna 60 kuma ya haɗa da tsayi da auna nauyi idan ɗan takara ya yarda.  Ana amfani da ziyarar nas don tattara bayanai kan magunguna da kuma tattara ƙarin bayanan gwajin lafiya, kamar fitsari, ɗiya ko samfuran jini, ma'aunin hawan jini ko wasu matakan, ya danganta da batutuwan da aka mayar da hankali a wannan shekarar.

Tun daga shekara ta 1991, batutuwa masu zuwa sun kasance a cikin mayar da hankali ga HSE:

• 1993 Cutar zuciya

• 1995 Asthma, hatsari da nakasa

• 1996 Asthma, hatsarori da matakan kiwon lafiya na musamman

• 1997 Yara da matasa

• 1998 Cutar zuciya

• 1999 Ƙungiyoyin kabilanci

• 2000 Tsofaffi da warewar jama'a

• 2001 Cututtukan numfashi da yanayin atopic, nakasa da haɗari marasa mutuwa

• 2002 Yara da matasa (shekaru 0-24) 

• 2003 Cutar zuciya

• 2004 Ƙungiyoyin ƙabilu

• 2006 Cutar zuciya [2]

• 2007 CVD da abubuwan haɗari ga manya, kiba da abubuwan haɗarin yara

• 2008 Ayyukan jiki da motsa jiki

• 2009 Lafiya da salon rayuwa, cutar koda

• 2010 Lafiyar numfashi, cutar koda, lafiyar jima'i, jin daɗi

• 2011 Lafiya, kula da jama'a da salon rayuwa, jin daɗi

• 2012 Ayyukan jiki da motsa jiki

• 2013 Kula da Jama'a

• 2014 Kula da jama'a, ji, lafiyar hankali, tsarawa don kula da jama'aa

• 2015 Kula da jama'a, motsa jiki da kuma lafiya (yara) 

• 2016 Kula da jama'a, cutar hanta, motsa jiki da lafiya (manyan), cutar koda

• 2017 Cutar zuciya da caca

• 2018 Wasanni da lafiyar numfashi

• 2019 Rashin cin abinci lafiyar hakora kowane abu da aiki

Daga 1991 zuwa 1995 an ƙuntata HSE ga manya masu shekaru 16 da sama amma hakan ya canza a 1995 lokacin da aka haɗa yara masu shekaru 2-15 a cikin binciken. Tun daga shekara ta 2001, an cire ƙuntatawa na shekaru gaba ɗaya sai dai ga batutuwan da ke da niyya ga wasu jama'a.[3]

## Hanyar da kuma iyaka
Ana amfani da binciken don bin ƙididdige adadin mutanen Ingila waɗanda ke da yanayin kiwon lafiya, da kuma yawan haɗarin haɗari da halayen da ke da alaƙa na  wasu yanayin kiwon lafiya.  Binciken yana ba da bayanai na yau da kullun waɗanda ba za a iya samu daga wasu tushe ba.  Ana amfani da wannan bayanan don haskaka al'amurran da suka dace don tsara manufofi, don tallafawa yanke shawara, da kuma saka idanu da kimanta manufofin kiwon lafiya [6, 7].

Ga wasu kididdigar kamar tsawo, nauyi, kiba da kiba, shan sigari, kiwon lafiya na gaba ɗaya, rashin lafiya mai tsawo da bayanan rashin lafiya mai tsanani daga shekarun 1990 zuwa gaba an buga su a cikin teburin yanayi. Sauran teburin yanayi, misali hauhawar jini ta rufe lokacin 2003-2019.

Akwai tambayoyi da batutuwa da yawa da jerin binciken suka shafi kuma wasu tambayoyin ba a bayar da rahoton su a cikin wallafe-wallafen kowace shekara ba.

## Sakamakon binciken
Ana buga manyan binciken HSE a kowace shekara a matsayin rahoto ta NHS Digital

## Sake amfani da bayanai
Bayan kammala kowane binciken shekara-shekara ana kirkirar bayanan da ba a bayyana ba don bincike na biyu. Ana karɓar aikace-aikacen samun dama daga membobin tsakiya da ƙananan hukumomi, ilimi mafi girma / ci gaba da agaji, don ba don koyarwa da bincike ba. Bayanai da ƙarin bayanan binciken suna samuwa don saukewa a http://ukdataservice.ac.uk/.

## Bayanan da aka ambata