Cibiyar Kula da Carbon ta 3

**Orbiting Carbon Observatory-3** ( **OCO-3** ) kayan aikin NASA - JPL ne wanda aka tsara don auna carbon dioxide a cikin yanayin duniya . An ɗora kayan aikin akan Kayan Aikin Gwaji na Jafananci-Bayyana a kan Tashar Sararin Samaniya ta Duniya (ISS).  An shirya jigilar OCO-3 zuwa sararin samaniya ta SpaceX Dragon daga wani roka na Falcon 9 a ranar 30 ga Afrilu 2019,  amma harba ya jinkirta zuwa 3 ga Mayu, saboda matsalolin da ke tattare da tsarin wutar lantarki na tashar.  An ƙara jinkirta wannan ƙaddamarwa zuwa 4 Mayu saboda matsalolin lantarki a cikin jirgin Hakika I Still Love You (OCISLY), jirgin da aka yi amfani da shi don dawo da matakin farko na Falcon 9.  An ƙaddamar da OCO-3 azaman ɓangare na CRS-17 akan 4 ga Mayu 2019 a 06:48 UTC.  Ƙa'idar manufa ta rayuwa shine shekaru goma. 

An tattara O-3 ta amfani da kayan ajiya daga tauraron dan adam na Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2. Saboda kayan aikin OCO-3 yayi kama da kayan aikin O CO-2, ana sa ran samun irin wannan aikin tare da ma'aunin da aka yi amfani da shi don ƙididdige CO2 zuwa daidaito 1 ppm ko mafi kyau a 3 Hz.&nbsp;

## Tarihi da jerin lokuta

* 24 Fabrairu 2009 - An kaddamar da Orbiting Carbon Observatory a kan rokar Taurus XL amma ya kasa cimma burin lokacin da fairing ya kasa rabuwa da tauraron dan adam.
* 1 ga Fabrairu 2010 - Kasafin kudin Shugaban kasa na 2010 ya haɗa da kudade don ci gaba da sake tashi na maye gurbin OCO.
* Oktoba 2010 - Aikin Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 ya shiga matakin aiwatarwa.
* 2 ga Yulin 2014 - An samu nasarar kaddamar da OCO-2 daga Vandenberg Air Force Base tare da rokar Delta II.
* 2015 - An soke kudade don aikin OCO-3.
* 22 Disamba 2015 - An ba da izinin aikin OCO-3 don ci gaba. An haɗa kudade a cikin lissafin kashe kudi na 2016.  
* 16 Maris 2017 - Ba a haɗa OCO-3 a cikin kasafin kudin shugaban kasa na FY2018 da aka tsara ba.
* 23 Maris 2018 - An dawo da kudade don aikin OCO-3.
* Mayu 2018 - An yi gwajin TVAC na kayan aiki.
* 4 Mayu 2019 - An kaddamar da shi ta amfani da rokar Falcon 9 daga Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. Isarwar ta kasance wani ɓangare na SpaceX CRS-17, wanda ya haɗa da isar da STP-H6 da sake dawo da kaya.
* Bayan isowa - shigarwar Robotic a kan Exposed Facility Unit 3 (EFU 3) a kan JEM-EF.

## Tsarin kayan aiki
OCO-3 is constructed from spare equipment from the OCO-2 mission. Thus its physical characteristics are similar, but with some adaptations. A 2-axis pointing mirror was added, which will allow targeting of cities and other areas on order of  for area mapping (also called "snapshot mode"). A  resolution context camera was also added. An onboard cryocooler will maintain detector temperatures of around . Entrance optics were modified to maintain a similar ground footprint to OCO-2.

Hakazalika da OCO da OCO-2, babban ma'aunin zai kasance na haske kusa-IR na hasken rana. Na'urar gani da ido tana raba makamashin haske mai shigowa cikin sassa daban-daban na bakan na'urar lantarki (ko tsayi ko "launi"). Saboda CO  da oxygen na kwayoyin halitta suna ɗaukar haske a ƙayyadaddun tsayin raƙuman ruwa, sigina ko matakan sha a tsayi daban-daban suna ba da bayani game da adadin gas.  Ana amfani da nau'i uku da ake kira Weak CO  (kusan 1.6 μm), Strong CO  (a kusa da 2.0 μm), da Oxygen-A (kusan 0.76 μm).   Akwai abubuwa masu zaman baki 1,016 a kowace ƙungiya, kuma ana yin ma'aunai lokaci guda a cikin wurare 8 na gefe-gefe ko "ƙafafun"   ko karami, sau 3 a sakan daya.

## Amfani da bayanan da ake tsammani
Gabaɗaya ma'auni daga OCO-3 zai taimaka wajen ƙididdige tushe da nutsewar carbon dioxide daga yanayin halittu na ƙasa, teku, da kuma daga tushen ɗan adam. Saboda yanayin ISS, za a yi ma'auni a latitudes kasa da 52 °. Bayanai daga OCO-3 ana sa ran za su inganta fahimtar hayaki na duniya daga ayyukan ɗan adam, alal misali, ta amfani da ma'auni a kan birane. Kusan lura a lokaci guda daga wasu kayan aiki a cikin Tashar sararin samaniya ta kasa da kasa kamar ECOSTRESS (auna yanayin zafi na shuka) da Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation lidar (auna tsarin gandun daji) ana iya haɗa su tare da lura da OCO-3 don taimakawa inganta fahimtar yanayin duniya. Kamar OCO-2, OCO-3 zai kuma auna Solar Induced Fluorescence wanda shine tsari da ke faruwa a lokacin photosynthesis na shuka.

## Manazarta