Bayanin Wikipedia

* **Aikin Tunani** &#x2013; tarin bayanai, yawanci na wani nau'in takamaiman, an tattara su a cikin littafi don sauƙin fahimta. Wato, ana nufin a sami bayanin da sauri lokacin da ake buƙata. Yawancin lokaci ana kiran ayyukan tunani don takamaiman bayanai, maimakon a karanta su daga farko zuwa ƙarshe. Salon rubutun da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin waɗannan ayyukan yana da bayanai; marubutan suna guje wa amfani da mutum na farko, kuma suna jaddada gaskiya.
** **[[Insakulofidiya|Kundin Tarihi]]** &#x2013; nau'in aikin tunani ko tarin bayanai wanda ke ɗauke da cikakken taƙaitaccen bayani daga dukkan rassan ilimi ko wani reshe na ilimi.  Kundin Tarihi an raba shi zuwa labarai ko shigarwa, waɗanda galibi ana samun su ta hanyar haruffa ta sunan labarin.  Shigarwar Kundin Tarihi ta fi tsayi da cikakkun bayanai fiye da waɗanda ke cikin yawancin ƙamus. 
*** Kundin bayanai na kan layi &#x2013; babban rumbun adana bayanai masu amfani, wanda ake iya samu ta hanyar Yanar Gizo ta Duniya.
* **Bayanan Bayani** &#x2013; tarin bayanai da aka tsara. Ana tsara bayanan ne don yin kwaikwayon fannoni na gaskiya ta hanyar da ke tallafawa hanyoyin da ke buƙatar bayanai. Misali, yin kwaikwayon samuwar ɗakuna a cikin otal-otal ta hanyar da ke tallafawa neman otal mai guraben aiki.
** Taskar bayanai ta yanar gizo &#x2013; bayanai da ake iya samu daga hanyar sadarwa, gami da daga Intanet (kamar akan shafin yanar gizo).
* **Yanar Gizo** &#x2013; tarin shafukan yanar gizo masu alaƙa waɗanda ke ɗauke da hotuna, bidiyo, ko wasu kadarorin dijital. Ana ɗaukar gidan yanar gizo a kan aƙalla sabar yanar gizo ɗaya, wanda ake iya samu ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa kamar Intanet ko hanyar sadarwa ta gida mai zaman kanta ta hanyar adireshin Intanet da aka sani da Uniform Resource Locator. Duk gidajen yanar gizo da ake iya samu ta hanyar jama'a sun ƙunshi Yanar Gizo na Duniya.
** Wiki &#x2013; gidan yanar gizo wanda ke ba da damar ƙirƙira da gyara duk wani adadin shafukan yanar gizo masu alaƙa ta hanyar burauzar yanar gizo ta amfani da yaren alamar rubutu mai sauƙi ko editan rubutu na WYSIWYG.    Wiki galibi ana amfani da shi ta hanyar software na wiki kuma galibi ana haɓaka su kuma ana amfani da su tare da masu amfani da yawa. Misalan sun haɗa da gidajen yanar gizo na al'umma, hanyoyin shiga kamfanoni, tsarin sarrafa ilimi, da ayyukan bayanin kula. Hakanan ana iya amfani da software ɗin don yin bayanin kula na sirri.
* **Al'umma** &#x2013; ƙungiyar hulɗa da mutane tare da haɗin kai na zamantakewa, waɗanda za su iya raba dabi'u iri ɗaya.
** Al'ummar aiki &#x2013; al'umma inda mahalarta ke ƙoƙarin haɗin gwiwa don kawo sauyi.
** Al'ummar da ke da sha'awa &#x2013; al'ummar mutanen da ke da sha'awa ko sha'awa iri ɗaya. Waɗannan mutanen suna musayar ra'ayoyi da tunani game da sha'awar da aka bayar, amma ƙila ba su san (ko kula) da komai game da juna a wajen wannan fanni ba. Abin da aka fi so a Wikipedia shine ilimi.
** Al'umma mai manufa &#x2013; al'umma da ke biyan buƙata mai aiki, tana daidaita hanyar memba na ɗan lokaci da ke kewaye da wani aiki da aka bayar. Misali, bincika wani batu akan Wikipedia.org, siyan mota akan autobytel.com, ko masu tattara kayan tarihi akan icollector.com ko mutum ɗaya.
** Al'umma ta Intanet &#x2013; hanyar sadarwar zamantakewa ta mutane waɗanda ke hulɗa ta hanyar wasu kafofin watsa labarai, waɗanda ke iya ketare iyakokin ƙasa da siyasa don cimma muradun juna ko manufofi.
*** Al'umma ta yanar gizo &#x2013; al'umma ta kama-da-wane wacce ke wanzuwa akan layi kuma membobinta suna ba da damar wanzuwar ta ta hanyar shiga cikin al'adar zama memba. Al'umma ta kan layi na iya ɗaukar nau'in tsarin bayanai inda kowa zai iya buga abun ciki, kamar tsarin allon sanarwa ko wanda mutane ƙayyadadden adadin zasu iya fara rubutu, kamar Blogs.
**** Al'ummar Wiki &#x2013; masu amfani, musamman masu gyara, na wani takamaiman wiki.

## Aiwatar da Wikipedia

* **Tsarin Wikipedia**
** Jerin Wikipedias - Ana aiwatar da Wikipedia a cikin harsuna da yawa. Ya zuwa watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2018, akwai Wikipedias 304, daga cikinsu 294 suna aiki.
** Alamar Wikipedia - duniyar da ba a gama ba da aka gina daga jigsaw pieces, tare da wasu ɓangarorin da suka ɓace a saman, an rubuta su da glyphs daga tsarin rubutu daban-daban.
** Labarai - rubuce-rubucen da aka buga a cikin bugawa ko matsakaiciyar lantarki. Kowane Wikipedia an raba shi zuwa labarai da yawa, tare da kowane labarin yana mai da hankali kan wani batu.
* **Gudanar da abun ciki** a kan Wikipedia - matakai don tattarawa, sarrafawa, da kuma buga bayanai a kan Wikipedia Deletionism da inclusionism a cikin Wikipedia - adawa da falsafancin editocin Wikipedia game da iyakar da ta dace na encyclopedia, da kuma batun da ya dace don a haɗa shi a matsayin labarin encyclopedia ko a " share shi".[2] Sanarwa a cikin Turanci Wikipedia - ma'auni da aka yi amfani da shi don ƙayyade batutuwan da suka cancanci labarin encyclopedia. Yana ƙoƙari ya tantance ko wani batu ya " sami isasshen kulawa ta duniya gabaɗaya kuma a cikin wani lokaci"  kamar yadda aka tabbatar da shi ta hanyar ɗaukar hoto mai mahimmanci a cikin tushen tushen da aka dogara da su waɗanda ke da 'yanci daga batun. [3][4] Amincewa da Wikipedia - Wikipedia yana buɗewa ga gyaran da ba a sani ba da haɗin gwiwa, don haka kimantawa game da amincinsa yawanci ya haɗa da jarrabawar yadda aka cire bayanan ƙarya ko yaudara da sauri. Wani binciken farko da masu binciken IBM suka gudanar a shekara ta 2003, shekaru biyu bayan kafa Wikipedia, sun gano cewa "ana gyara lalata da sauri - da sauri cewa yawancin masu amfani ba za su taba ganin tasirin sa ba"  kuma sun kammala cewa Wikipedia tana da "ƙwarewar warkar da kai mai ban mamaki". [5][6] Vandalism a kan Wikipedia - aikin gyara aikin a cikin mummunar hanyar da ke rushewa da gangan. Vandalism ya haɗa da ƙari, cirewa, ko wasu gyare-gyare na rubutu ko wasu kayan da ke da ban dariya, mara ma'ana, yaudara, spam ko inganta batun, ko kuma wannan yana da mummunan hali, wulakanci, ko kuma yana da ƙasƙantar da yanayi. Akwai matakai daban-daban da Wikipedia ta dauka don hana ko rage yawan lalata.
** Deletionism da inclusionism a cikin Wikipedia - adawa da falsafancin editocin Wikipedia game da iyakar da ta dace na encyclopedia, da kuma batun da ya dace don batun da za a haɗa shi a matsayin labarin encyclopedia ko a " share shi".
** Sanarwa a cikin Turanci Wikipedia - ma'auni da aka yi amfani da shi don ƙayyade batutuwan da suka cancanci labarin encyclopedia. Yana ƙoƙari ya tantance ko wani batu ya " sami isasshen kulawa ta duniya gabaɗaya kuma a cikin wani lokaci"  kamar yadda aka tabbatar da shi ta hanyar ɗaukar hoto mai mahimmanci a cikin tushen tushen da aka dogara da su waɗanda ke da 'yanci daga batun. 
** Amincewa da Wikipedia - Wikipedia yana buɗewa ga gyaran da ba a sani ba da haɗin gwiwa, don haka kimantawa game da amincinsa yawanci ya haɗa da jarrabawar yadda aka cire bayanan ƙarya ko yaudara da sauri. Wani binciken farko da masu binciken IBM suka gudanar a shekara ta 2003, shekaru biyu bayan kafa Wikipedia, sun gano cewa "ana gyara lalata da sauri - da sauri cewa yawancin masu amfani ba za su taba ganin tasirin sa ba"  kuma sun kammala cewa Wikipedia tana da "ƙwarewar warkar da kai mai ban mamaki". 
** Vandalism a kan Wikipedia - aikin gyara aikin a cikin mummunar hanyar da ke rushewa da gangan. Vandalism ya haɗa da ƙari, cirewa, ko wasu gyare-gyare na rubutu ko wasu kayan da ke da ban dariya, mara ma'ana, yaudara, spam ko inganta batun, ko kuma wannan yana da mummunan hali, wulakanci, ko kuma yana da ƙasƙantar da yanayi. Akwai matakai daban-daban da Wikipedia ta dauka don hana ko rage yawan lalata.
* **Fasahar kwamfuta** wacce ke sa Wikipedia ta yi aiki: Sabobin da aka girka a Ashburn, Virginia (Amurka) Kwamfutocin kayan aiki - na'urorin da za a iya tsara su don aiwatar da saiti na lissafi ko aiki na atomatik. Kwamfuta da ake amfani da ita don karɓar bakuncin software na uwar garken ana kiranta "server". Yana ɗaukar sabobin da yawa don samar da Wikipedia ga duniya. Wadannan sabobin suna gudanar da Gidauniyar WikiMedia.[7] Software - Wikipedia yana da ikon software mai zuwa akan kwamfutocin WikiMedia Foundation (saboyin). Yana ɗaukar duk waɗannan don yin shafukan Wikipedia a kan World Wide Web: Tsarin aiki da aka yi amfani da shi akan sabobin Gidauniyar WikiMedia: Ubuntu Server - ana amfani da shi a duk sabobin Wikipedia sai dai waɗanda aka yi amfani dashi don adana fayil ɗin hoto Solaris - ana amfani dashi akan sabobin adana fayiloli na hoto na Wikipedia MediaWiki - babban aikace-aikacen yanar gizo wanda ke sa Wikipedia ya yi aiki. Aikace-aikacen software ne na yanar gizo wanda Gidauniyar Wikimedia (WMF) ta haɓaka, wanda aka rubuta a cikin PHP, wanda ake amfani dashi don gudanar da duk ayyukan WMF, gami da Wikipedia. Sauran wikis da yawa a duniya suma suna amfani da shi. Adana abun ciki - abun ciki na Wikipedia (littafansa da sauran shafuka) ana adana su a cikin bayanan MariaDB. [8] WikiMedia Foundation's wikis an haɗa su cikin ɗakunan, kuma kowane ɗakunan suna aiki da sabobin MariaDB da yawa, a cikin tsari ɗaya. Ana rarraba ajiyar abu - abubuwan da aka rarraba su ne kayan aikin software waɗanda aka tsara don aiki tare, amma suna zaune a cikin kwamfutoci da yawa da aka haɗa ta hanyar cibiyar sadarwa. Wani abu yana aika saƙo ga wani abu a cikin na'ura mai nisa don yin wani aiki. Ceph - dandalin ajiya na software kyauta da budewa wanda ke ba da ajiyar abu.[9] Swift - kantin sayar da kayan da aka rarraba kuma mai daidaituwa. Sabobin wakilai - suna aiki a matsayin matsakaici don buƙatun daga abokan ciniki da ke neman albarkatu daga wasu sabobin. Abokin ciniki yana haɗi zuwa uwar garken wakili, yana neman wasu sabis, kamar fayil, haɗi, shafin yanar gizo, ko wasu albarkatun da ke samuwa daga uwar garke daban kuma uwar garkuwar wakili tana kimanta buƙatun a matsayin hanyar sauƙaƙewa da sarrafa rikitarwa. An kirkiro wakilai don ƙara tsari da encapsulation ga tsarin da aka rarraba. A yau, mafi yawan wakilai sune wakilai na yanar gizo, suna sauƙaƙe samun damar yin amfani da abun ciki a kan Yanar Gizo ta Duniya. Sabobin wakilai da aka yi amfani da su don Wikipedia sune: Don ba da sabis ga shafukan HTML - Squid da Varnish masu ba da sabis a gaban Apache HTTP Server. Apache yana aiwatar da buƙatun ta hanyar HTTP, yarjejeniyar cibiyar sadarwa ta asali da aka yi amfani da ita don rarraba bayanai akan Yanar Gizo ta Duniya. Don ba da fayilolin hoto - Squid da Varnish masu ba da sabis a gaban Sun Java System Web Server DNS wakilai - WikiMedia Foundation's DNS wakilai sabobin suna gudanar da PowerDNS. Shirin uwar garken DNS ne wanda ke gudana a ƙarƙashin Unix (ciki har da Ubuntu). DNS yana tsaye ne don "tsarin sunan yankin". Daidaitawa - tsari na rarraba saiti na ayyuka a kan saiti na albarkatu. Linux Virtual Server (LVS) - Wikipedia yana amfani da LVS akan sabobin kayan masarufi don ɗaukar-daidaita buƙatun da ke shigowa. Ana kuma amfani da LVS azaman ma'auni na ciki don rarraba buƙatun MediaWiki da Lucene na baya. PyBal - Tsarin kansa na Gidauniyar Wikimedia don saka idanu da gazawar baya. Caching Memcached - Wikipedia yana amfani da Memcached don caching na tambayoyin bayanai da sakamakon lissafi. Don cikakken bincike - Wikipedia yana amfani da Lucene, tare da ƙaddamarwa mai yawa wanda Robert Stojnic ya ba da gudummawa. Fayilolin daidaitawa na Wikimedia  Kafa Wikipedia akan kwamfuta ta gida Sauke bayanan Wikipedia (duk rubutun labarin) Shigar da MediaWiki (software wanda ke gudanar da Wikipedia) [10]
** **Kayan aiki**
*** Kwamfutoci - na'urorin da za a iya tsara su don aiwatar da tsarin lissafi ko aiki na ma'ana ta atomatik. Kwamfuta da ake amfani da ita don karɓar bakuncin software na uwar garken ana kiranta "server". Yana ɗaukar sabobin da yawa don samar da Wikipedia ga duniya. Wadannan sabobin suna gudanar da Gidauniyar WikiMedia.
** **Software** - Wikipedia yana da ikon software mai zuwa akan kwamfutocin WikiMedia Foundation (saboyin). Yana ɗaukar duk waɗannan don yin shafukan Wikipedia a kan World Wide Web: Tsarin aiki da aka yi amfani da shi akan sabobin Gidauniyar WikiMedia: Ubuntu Server - ana amfani da shi a duk sabobin Wikipedia sai dai waɗanda aka yi amfani dashi don adana fayil ɗin hoto Solaris - ana amfani dashi akan sabobin adana fayiloli na hoto na Wikipedia MediaWiki - babban aikace-aikacen yanar gizo wanda ke sa Wikipedia ya yi aiki. Aikace-aikacen software ne na yanar gizo wanda Gidauniyar Wikimedia (WMF) ta haɓaka, wanda aka rubuta a cikin PHP, wanda ake amfani dashi don gudanar da duk ayyukan WMF, gami da Wikipedia. Sauran wikis da yawa a duniya suma suna amfani da shi. Adana abun ciki - abun ciki na Wikipedia (littafansa da sauran shafuka) ana adana su a cikin bayanan MariaDB. [8] WikiMedia Foundation's wikis an haɗa su cikin ɗakunan, kuma kowane ɗakunan suna aiki da sabobin MariaDB da yawa, a cikin tsari ɗaya. Ana rarraba ajiyar abu - abubuwan da aka rarraba su ne kayan aikin software waɗanda aka tsara don aiki tare, amma suna zaune a cikin kwamfutoci da yawa da aka haɗa ta hanyar cibiyar sadarwa. Wani abu yana aika saƙo ga wani abu a cikin na'ura mai nisa don yin wani aiki. Ceph - dandalin ajiya na software kyauta da budewa wanda ke ba da ajiyar abu.[9] Swift - kantin sayar da kayan da aka rarraba kuma mai daidaituwa. Sabobin wakilai - suna aiki a matsayin matsakaici don buƙatun daga abokan ciniki da ke neman albarkatu daga wasu sabobin. Abokin ciniki yana haɗi zuwa uwar garken wakili, yana neman wasu sabis, kamar fayil, haɗi, shafin yanar gizo, ko wasu albarkatun da ke samuwa daga uwar garke daban kuma uwar garkuwar wakili tana kimanta buƙatun a matsayin hanyar sauƙaƙewa da sarrafa rikitarwa. An kirkiro wakilai don ƙara tsari da encapsulation ga tsarin da aka rarraba. A yau, mafi yawan wakilai sune wakilai na yanar gizo, suna sauƙaƙe samun damar yin amfani da abun ciki a kan Yanar Gizo ta Duniya. Sabobin wakilai da aka yi amfani da su don Wikipedia sune: Don ba da sabis ga shafukan HTML - Squid da Varnish masu ba da sabis a gaban Apache HTTP Server. Apache yana aiwatar da buƙatun ta hanyar HTTP, yarjejeniyar cibiyar sadarwa ta asali da aka yi amfani da ita don rarraba bayanai akan Yanar Gizo ta Duniya. Don ba da fayilolin hoto - Squid da Varnish masu ba da sabis a gaban Sun Java System Web Server DNS wakilai - WikiMedia Foundation's DNS wakilai sabobin suna gudanar da PowerDNS. Shirin uwar garken DNS ne wanda ke gudana a ƙarƙashin Unix (ciki har da Ubuntu). DNS yana tsaye ne don "tsarin sunan yankin". Daidaitawa - tsari na rarraba saiti na ayyuka a kan saiti na albarkatu. Linux Virtual Server (LVS) - Wikipedia yana amfani da LVS akan sabobin kayan masarufi don ɗaukar-daidaita buƙatun da ke shigowa. Ana kuma amfani da LVS azaman ma'auni na ciki don rarraba buƙatun MediaWiki da Lucene na baya. PyBal - Tsarin kansa na Gidauniyar Wikimedia don saka idanu da gazawar baya. Caching Memcached - Wikipedia yana amfani da Memcached don caching na tambayoyin bayanai da sakamakon lissafi. Don cikakken bincike - Wikipedia yana amfani da Lucene, tare da ƙaddamarwa mai yawa wanda Robert Stojnic ya ba da gudummawa. Fayilolin tsari na Wikimedia [10]
*** Tsarin aiki da aka yi amfani da shi a kan sabobin Gidauniyar WikiMedia: Ubuntu Server - ana amfani da shi akan duk sabobin Wikipedia sai dai waɗanda aka yi amfani dasu don adana fayil ɗin hoto Solaris - ana amfani dashi akan sabobin adana fayiloli na hoto na Wikipedia
**** Ubuntu Server - ana amfani dashi akan dukkan sabobin Wikipedia sai dai wadanda aka yi amfani da su don adana fayil ɗin hoto
**** Solaris - an yi amfani da shi a kan sabobin ajiyar fayil ɗin hoto na Wikipedia
*** MediaWiki - babban aikace-aikacen yanar gizo wanda ke sa Wikipedia ya yi aiki. Aikace-aikacen software ne na yanar gizo wanda Gidauniyar Wikimedia (WMF) ta haɓaka, wanda aka rubuta a cikin PHP, wanda ake amfani dashi don gudanar da duk ayyukan WMF, gami da Wikipedia. Sauran wikis da yawa a duniya suma suna amfani da shi.
*** Adana abun ciki - abun ciki na Wikipedia (littafansa da sauran shafuka) ana adana su a cikin bayanan MariaDB.  WikiMedia Foundation's wikis an haɗa su cikin ɗakunan, kuma kowane ɗakunan suna aiki da sabobin MariaDB da yawa, a cikin tsari ɗaya.
*** Ana rarraba ajiyar abu - abubuwan da aka rarraba su ne kayan aikin software waɗanda aka tsara don aiki tare, amma suna zaune a cikin kwamfutoci da yawa da aka haɗa ta hanyar cibiyar sadarwa. Wani abu yana aika saƙo ga wani abu a cikin na'ura mai nisa don yin wani aiki. Ceph - dandalin ajiya na software kyauta da budewa wanda ke ba da ajiyar abu.[9] Swift - kantin sayar da kayan da aka rarraba kuma mai daidaituwa.
**** Ceph - dandalin ajiya na software kyauta da budewa wanda ke ba da ajiyar abu.
**** Swift - kantin sayar da kayan da aka rarraba kuma mai daidaituwa.
*** Sabobin wakilai - suna aiki a matsayin matsakaici don buƙatun daga abokan ciniki da ke neman albarkatu daga wasu sabobin. Abokin ciniki yana haɗi zuwa uwar garken wakili, yana neman wasu sabis, kamar fayil, haɗi, shafin yanar gizo, ko wasu albarkatun da ke samuwa daga uwar garke daban kuma uwar garkuwar wakili tana kimanta buƙatun a matsayin hanyar sauƙaƙewa da sarrafa rikitarwa. An kirkiro wakilai don ƙara tsari da encapsulation ga tsarin da aka rarraba. A yau, mafi yawan wakilai sune wakilai na yanar gizo, suna sauƙaƙe samun damar yin amfani da abun ciki a kan Yanar Gizo ta Duniya. Sabobin wakilai da aka yi amfani da su don Wikipedia sune: Don ba da sabis ga shafukan HTML - Squid da Varnish masu ba da sabis a gaban Apache HTTP Server. Apache yana aiwatar da buƙatun ta hanyar HTTP, yarjejeniyar cibiyar sadarwa ta asali da aka yi amfani da ita don rarraba bayanai akan Yanar Gizo ta Duniya. Don ba da fayilolin hoto - Squid da Varnish masu ba da sabis a gaban Sun Java System Web Server DNS wakilai - WikiMedia Foundation's DNS wakilai sabobin suna gudanar da PowerDNS. Shirin uwar garken DNS ne wanda ke gudana a ƙarƙashin Unix (ciki har da Ubuntu). DNS yana tsaye ne don "tsarin sunan yankin". Daidaitawa - tsari na rarraba saiti na ayyuka a kan saiti na albarkatu. Linux Virtual Server (LVS) - Wikipedia yana amfani da LVS akan sabobin kayan masarufi don ɗaukar-daidaita buƙatun da ke shigowa. Ana kuma amfani da LVS azaman ma'auni na ciki don rarraba buƙatun MediaWiki da Lucene na baya. PyBal - Tsarin kansa na Gidauniyar Wikimedia don saka idanu da gazawar baya.
**** Don ba da shafuka na HTML - Squid da Varnish suna ɓoye sabobin wakilai a gaban Apache HTTP Server. Apache yana aiwatar da buƙatun ta hanyar HTTP, yarjejeniyar cibiyar sadarwa ta asali da aka yi amfani da ita don rarraba bayanai akan Yanar Gizo ta Duniya.
**** Don ba da fayilolin hoto - Squid da Varnish masu ba da sabis a gaban Sun Java System Web ServerSabon Yanar Gizo na Sun Java
**** Masu ba da shawara na DNS - Sabobin ba da shawara ta DNS na Gidauniyar WikiMedia suna gudanar da PowerDNS. Shirin uwar garken DNS ne wanda ke gudana a ƙarƙashin Unix (ciki har da Ubuntu). DNS yana tsaye ne don "tsarin sunan yankin".
**** Daidaitawa - tsari na rarraba saiti na ayyuka a kan saiti na albarkatun. Linux Virtual Server (LVS) - Wikipedia yana amfani da LVS akan sabobin kayan masarufi don ɗaukar-daidaita buƙatun da ke shigowa. Ana kuma amfani da LVS azaman ma'auni na ciki don rarraba buƙatun MediaWiki da Lucene na baya. PyBal - Tsarin kansa na Gidauniyar Wikimedia don saka idanu da gazawar baya.
***** Linux Virtual Server (LVS) - Wikipedia yana amfani da LVS akan sabobin kayan masarufi don ɗaukar-daidaita buƙatun da ke shigowa. Ana kuma amfani da LVS azaman ma'auni na ciki don rarraba buƙatun MediaWiki da Lucene na baya.
***** [//wikitech.wikimedia.org/view/PyBal PyBal] - Tsarin kansa na Gidauniyar Wikimedia don saka idanu da gazawar baya.
*** Caching 
**** Memcached - Wikipedia yana amfani da Memcached don caching na tambayoyin bayanai da sakamakon lissafi.
*** Don cikakken bincike - Wikipedia yana amfani da Lucene, tare da ƙaddamarwa mai yawa wanda Robert Stojnic ya ba da gudummawa.
*** Fayilolin tsari na Wikimedia 
** **Kafa** Wikipedia a kan kwamfuta ta gida Sauke bayanan Wikipedia (duk rubutun labarin) Shigar da MediaWiki (software da ke gudanar da Wikipedia) 
*** Sauke bayanan Wikipedia (duk rubutun labarin) 
***  (software wanda ke gudanar da Wikipedia) 

### Al'ummar Wikipedia

* **[[Al'ummar Wikipedia]]** &#x2013; hanyar sadarwa mai sassauci ta masu sa kai, wacce wani lokacin ake kira "Wikipedians", waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kundin adireshi na kan layi, Wikipedia. Akwai wani tsari wanda ake zaɓar wasu editoci don a ba su iko mafi girma daga wasu membobin al'umma.
** Kwamitin Sulhu (ArbCom) &#x2013; kwamitin editoci da al'ummar Wikipedia suka zaɓa waɗanda ke zartar da hukunce-hukuncen da suka shafi takaddama tsakanin editocin kundin adireshi na kan layi.  Yana aiki a matsayin kotun ƙarshe ta sasantawa tsakanin editoci. 
** *The Signpost* &#x2013; jarida ta yanar gizo da aka rubuta ta hanyar al'umma da kuma wacce aka shirya ta hanyar al'umma, wacce ke ba da labarai, abubuwan da suka faru da rahotannin da suka shafi ayyukan Wikipedia da Gidauniyar Wikimedia.

## Duba Wikipedia ba tare da layi ba

* Kiwix &#x2013; burauzar yanar gizo kyauta kuma mai buɗewa wacce Emmanuel Engelhart da Renaud Gaudin suka ƙirƙira a shekarar 2007. An fara ƙaddamar da ita ne don ba da damar shiga Wikipedia ta intanet, amma tun daga lokacin ta faɗaɗa zuwa ga wasu ayyuka daga gidauniyar Wikimedia da kuma rubuce-rubucen jama'a daga Project Gutenberg .
* XOWA &#x2013; manhajar bude tushen da aka rubuta musamman a Java ta hanyar masu haɓaka ba tare da suna ba, an yi ta ne don masu amfani waɗanda ke son gudanar da kwafin Wikipedia nasu, ko duk wani Wiki mai jituwa ba tare da haɗin intanet ba. XOWA ya dace da Microsoft Windows, OSX, Linux da Android.

## Yaɗuwar Wikipedia

* Yaɗuwa &#x2013; tsari da kasuwa ke karɓar sabon ra'ayi ko sabon samfuri. Yawan yaɗuwa shine saurin da sabon ra'ayin ya yaɗu daga mai amfani ɗaya zuwa na gaba. A fannin tattalin arziki, ana kiransa da "canjin fasaha".
* Yaɗuwar sabbin abubuwa &#x2013; tsari da ake isar da sabbin abubuwa ta wasu hanyoyi a tsawon lokaci tsakanin membobin tsarin zamantakewa.
* Jerin Wikipedia &#x2013; Wikipedia ta bazu ko'ina a duniya, kuma ana samunta ga mutane a cikin harsunansu na asali. Ya zuwa watan Yunin 2023, akwai Wikipedia 320.

### Shafukan yanar gizo da ke amfani da Wikipedia

* Books LLC &#x2013; yana buga takardu da takardu da aka buga a kan buƙata da kuma tattarawa na rubuce-rubucen Turanci da takardu daga tushen ilimi na buɗe kamar Wikipedia. 
* DBpedia &#x2013; aikin da ke da nufin fitar da abubuwan da aka tsara daga bayanan da aka ƙirƙira a cikin aikin Wikipedia .
* Wikipediavision &#x2013; shafin da ke nunawa a cikin rabin lokaci na ainihi inda gyare-gyare marasa suna zuwa Wikipedia suka samo asali daga. 

#### Shafukan yanar gizo da ke kwaikwayon Wikipedia

* Answers.com
* Bing
* Facebook
* Reference.com
* TheFreeDictionary.com
* Wapedia

#### Kundin bayanai da aka samo daga Wikipedia

* Littattafai LLC
* Buga VDM
* Veropedia
* WikiPilipinas
* WikiReader

#### Barkwanci na Wikipedia

* Bigipedia &#x2013; wani shirin barkwanci da BBC Radio 4 ta watsa a watan Yulin 2009, wanda aka sanya a wani gidan yanar gizo wanda aka yi wa barkwanci da Wikipedia. Wasu daga cikin zane-zanen sun samo asali ne daga Wikipedia da labaranta. 
* Encyclopedia Dramatica &#x2013; wata al'umma ta yanar gizo da ta mayar da hankali kan wiki wanda ke aiki a matsayin "taskar troll ". 
* La Frikipedia &#x2013; fassarar harshen Spain na Wikipedia .
* Stupidedia &#x2013; wani wiki na Jamusanci wanda ke ɗauke da labarai masu jigo da barkwanci. 
* Uncyclopedia &#x2013; gidan yanar gizo mai barkwanci wanda ke yin barkwanci da Wikipedia. An kafa shi a shekarar 2005  a matsayin wiki na asali da aka yi amfani da shi a harshen Ingilishi, a halin yanzu aikin ya ƙunshi harsuna sama da 75. Sigar Ingilishi tana da shafuka sama da 30,000 na abun ciki, na biyu bayan Brazil/Portuguese. 

### Kafofin watsa labarai masu alaƙa da Wikipedia

* Shafin Farko na Wikipedia &#x2013; jarida ta yanar gizo da aka rubuta ta hanyar al'umma da kuma wacce aka shirya ta hanyar al'umma, wacce ke ba da labarai, abubuwan da suka faru da rahotannin da suka shafi ayyukan Wikipedia da Gidauniyar Wikimedia.

#### Littattafai game da Wikipedia

* *Ilimi na gama gari?: Tarihin Wikipedia*
* *Ƙungiyar Masu Son Aure*
* *Haɗin gwiwar Imani da Allah*
* *Yadda Wikipedia Ke Aiki*
* *La révolution Wikipedia*
* *Wikipedia: Sabuwar Al'umma ta Aiki?*
* *Juyin Juya Halin Wikipedia: Yadda Tarin Baƙi Suka Kirkiro Mafi Kyawun Kundin Tarihi na Duniya*
* *Wikipedia - Littafin Jagorar da Ya Rasa*
* *Duniya da Wikipedia: Yadda Muke Gyara Gaskiya*
* *[[:ko:위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전|위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전]]* (Wikipedia, The Free encyclopedia) - Mawallafin Wikipedian Koriya ta Ju wan Jin, Chul Jeong, Chul Ryu ne suka gyara.

#### Fina-finai game da Wikipedia

* Jerin fina-finai game da Wikipedia

### Manhajar ɓangare na uku da ke da alaƙa da Wikipedia

* DBpedia (daga "DB" don "bayanan bayanai") &#x2013; rumbun adana bayanai da aka gina daga abubuwan da aka tsara na Wikipedia, gami da akwatunan bayanai. An samar da shi kyauta akan Yanar Gizo ta Duniya. DBpedia yana bawa masu amfani damar yin tambayoyi game da alaƙa da kaddarorin da ke da alaƙa da albarkatun Wikipedia, gami da hanyoyin haɗi zuwa wasu bayanan bayanai masu alaƙa.
* Kiwix &#x2013; shiri kyauta da ake amfani da shi don duba Wikipedia ba tare da intanet ba (ba tare da haɗin intanet ba). Ana yin wannan ta hanyar karanta abubuwan da ke cikin aikin da aka adana a cikin fayil ɗin tsarin ZIM, wanda ke ɗauke da abubuwan da aka matse na Wikipedia. An tsara Kiwix don kwamfutoci marasa damar shiga Intanet, musamman kwamfutoci a makarantu a Duniya ta Uku, inda sabis ɗin Intanet ba shi da yawa.
* WikiTaxonomy &#x2013; tsarin azuzuwan da misalai ( ontology ) wanda aka samar ta atomatik daga tsarin rukuni na Wikipedia.
* YAGO (Wani Babban Ilimin Kimiyya) &#x2013; tushen ilimi da aka gina a Cibiyar Kimiyyar Kwamfuta ta Max Planck da ke Saarbrücken. Ana cire shi ta atomatik daga Wikipedia da sauran tushe. Ya haɗa da ilimi game da abubuwa sama da miliyan 10 kuma ya ƙunshi bayanai sama da miliyan 120 game da waɗannan abubuwa.

#### Manhajojin wayar hannu

* QRpedia &#x2013; tsarin yanar gizo na wayar hannu wanda ke amfani da lambobin QR don isar da labaran Wikipedia ga masu amfani, a cikin harshen da suka fi so.    Sabar QRpedia tana amfani da API na Wikipedia  don tantance ko akwai sigar labarin Wikipedia da aka ƙayyade a cikin harshen da na'urar ke amfani da shi, kuma idan haka ne, tana mayar da shi cikin tsari mai dacewa da wayar hannu. Idan babu sigar labarin da ake samu a cikin harshen da aka fi so, to sabar QRpedia tana yin bincike don taken labarin akan Wikipedia na harshen da ya dace, kuma tana dawo da sakamakon.
* WikiNodes &#x2013; manhaja ce ta Apple iPad don bincika Wikipedia ta amfani da hanyar bishiya mai siffar radial don ganin yadda labarai da ƙananan sassan labarai ke da alaƙa. Jerin abubuwa ne na gani (labarai ko sassan wani labarin), waɗanda suka bazu akan allo, a matsayin gizo-gizo na gumaka. 

#### Shirye-shiryen nazarin aminci

* Wiki-Watch &#x2013; kayan aikin nazarin shafi kyauta wanda ke tantance ingancin labaran Wikipedia ta atomatik cikin Ingilishi da Jamusanci. Yana samar da maki na kimantawa na matakai biyar wanda ya dace da kimantawarsa ta inganci. 
* Wikibu &#x2013; yana tantance ingancin labaran Wikipedia na Jamusanci .   An tsara shi ne da farko don amfani a makarantu don inganta ilimin bayanai . 
* WikiTrust &#x2013; yana tantance sahihancin abun ciki da kuma suna na marubuta na labaran wiki ta amfani da algorithm mai sarrafa kansa. WikiTrust wani plugin ne na sabar da ke amfani da dandamalin MediaWiki, kamar Wikipedia.

## Ka'idojin Wikipedia na gabaɗaya

* Wikipedia_iOS_apps" id="mwAgw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Wikipedia iOS apps">Aikace-aikacen Wikipedia iOS - ƙungiyoyi da yawa a cikin Motsi na Wikimedia ciki har da Gidauniyar Wikimedia suna buga Aikace-aikacen wayar hannu na hukuma don samun damar shiga Wikipedia.
* Henryk Batuta hoax - yaudara da aka yi a kan Wikipedia na Poland a cikin wani labarin game da Henryk Batu (an haife shi Izaak Apfelbaum), mai juyin juya halin gurguzu da kuma Kwaminisanci na Poland. Labarin karya ya ce an haifi Batuta a Odessa a 1898 kuma ya shiga cikin yakin basasar Rasha. An kirkiro labarin ne a ranar 8 ga Nuwamba, 2004, kuma an fallasa shi a matsayin yaudara watanni 15 bayan haka lokacin da a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu, 2006, an jera shi don sharewa.
* Bomis - tsohon kamfanin dot-com wanda Jimmy Wales da Tim Shell suka kafa a 1996. Babban kasuwancinsa shine sayar da talla a kan tashar bincike ta Bomis.com, da kuma samar da tallafi ga ayyukan encyclopedia kyauta Nupedia da Wikipedia.
* Rashin jituwa na gyaran sha'awa a kan Wikipedia - lokacin da editoci ke amfani da Wikipedia don inganta bukatun matsayinsu na waje ko dangantaka.
* Deletionpedia - wani shafin yanar gizo wanda ke dauke da labaran da aka sharewa daga wiki na Turanci.
* Dimokuradiyya na ilimi - samun ilimi da yaduwar ilimi tsakanin yawancin jama'a.
* wiki" title="Enciclopedia Libre Universal en Español">Enciclopedia Libre Universal a cikin Mutanen Espanya - encyclopedia na yanar gizo na Harshen Mutanen Espanyaencyclopedia na kan layi
* Rikici na Essjay - abin da ya faru wanda Ryan Jordan, editan Wikipedia wanda ya yi amfani da sunan mai amfani "Essjay", ya gabatar da kansa a matsayin farfesa na addini.
* Gene Wiki - wani aiki a cikin Wikipedia wanda ke da niyyar bayyana alaƙar da ayyukan dukkan kwayoyin halitta ɗan adam.
* Péter Gervai - wanda ya kafa Wikipedia na Hungary kuma shugaban Wikimedia Hungary.
* Good Faith Collaboration - littafi na 2010 na Joseph M. Reagle Jr. wanda ke hulɗa da batun Wikipedia da Al'ummar Wikipedia.
* Gidauniyar Tsaro ta Intanet da Wikipedia - Kungiyar masu sa ido ta Burtaniya waɗanda suka sanya abubuwan da ke cikin Wikipedia ta Turanci da suka shafi kundin studio na Scorpions' na 1976 Virgin Killer .
* Interpedia - wani tsari na farko don haɗin gwiwar Intanet.
* Rick Jelliffe - ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Australiya kuma mai fafutukar daidaitawa.
* Garkuwa da David Rohde - ɗan jarida na The New York Times wanda mambobin Taliban suka sace shi a watan Nuwamba 2008.
* Alan Mcilwraith - tsohon ma'aikacin cibiyar kira na Scotland daga Glasgow wanda jaridar tabloid ta fallasa shi a matsayin mai yaudarar soja bayan ya mutu a matsayin jami'in Sojojin Burtaniya.
* National Portrait Gallery da Wikimedia Foundation copyright jayayya - lauyoyi da ke wakiltar National Portrait Museum of London (NPG) sun aika da wasika ta imel gargadi game da yiwuwar matakin shari'a don zargin keta haƙƙin mallaka ga Derrick Coetzee, edita.
* Sakamakon cibiyar sadarwa - abin da darajar ko amfani mai amfani ya samo daga abu ko sabis ya dogara da yawan masu amfani da samfuran da suka dace.
* Nupedia - encyclopedia na kan layi wanda masu sa kai suka gina.
* Edward Owens (hoax) - wani tarihi yaudara da dalibai a Jami'ar George Mason suka kirkira a 2008 a matsayin aikin aji don "Lying About the Past".
* Simon Pulsifer - mai ba da gudummawa ga Kanada ga Wikipedia na Turanci.
* QRpedia - ƙirar harsuna da yawa da wayar hannu zuwa Wikipedia.
* La révolution Wikipédia - binciken marubuta da yawa na Wikipedia yana mai da hankali kan amincin encyclopedia na kan layi.
* WikiScanner - wani bayanan da za'a iya bincikawa a fili wanda ya haɗa Wikipedia#Anonymity_of_editors" id="mwAoE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Community of Wikipedia">gyare-gyaren da ba a san su ba a Wikipedia zuwa kungiyoyin da waɗannan gyare-shiryen suka samo asali.
* Wikipedia" id="mwAoQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="The Truth According to Wikipedia">Gaskiya Bisa ga Wikipedia - wani shirin Holland game da Wikipedia .
* Gaskiya a cikin Lamba? - fim din Amurka na shekara ta 2010.
* Universal Edit Button - tsawo mai bincike wanda ke ba da alamar wiki" title="Pencil">fensir mai kore a cikin adireshin mashaya na yanar gizo wanda ke nuna cewa shafin yanar gizo akan Yanar Gizo ta Duniya (yawanci wiki) ana iya gyara shi.
* Ma'aikatan Majalisa ta Amurka suna gyarawa zuwa Wikipedia - suna gyarawa ga encyclopedia na kan layi Wikipedia ta ma'aikatan Ma'aikatar Amurka.
* Abinda mai amfani ya samar - kowane nau'in abun da masu amfani suka sanya a dandamali na tara abun ciki na kan layi.
* Wolfgang Werlé da Manfred Lauber - 'yan uwan Jamus waɗanda aka yanke musu hukunci kan kisan gillar 1990 na ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Walter Sedlmayr .
* Wiki - wani nau'i na wallafe-wallafen hypertext na kan layi wanda masu sauraronsa ke gyarawa da sarrafawa kai tsaye ta hanyar burauzar yanar gizo.
* Wikidumper.org - shafin yanar gizon da marubucin Clifford A. Pickover ya kirkira tare da manufar yin rikodin hoto na dindindin na "mafi kyawun Wikipedia ya ƙi".
* Rikici game da tarihin Wikipedia - tarihin rikice-rikice na Wikipedia tun daga shekara ta 2001.
* Wikipedia CD Selection - an buga tarin labaran Wikipedia a kan faifan gani.
* Binciken Wikipedia - wani dandalin tattaunawa na Intanet da shafin yanar gizo don tattauna ayyukan Gidauniyar Wikimedia.
* Wikipedia a cikin al'adu - nassoshi ga Wikipedia a cikin shahararren al'adu.

## Siyasar Wikipedia

* Tace-tashen Wikipedia
* Gyaran Cocin Kimiyyar Kimiyya akan Wikipedia
* Wakilan Kamfanoni don Hulɗar Wikipedia Mai Da'a
* Wikipedia don Gado na Duniya

## Tarihin Wikipedia
Tarihin Wikipedia – An ƙaddamar da Wikipedia a hukumance a ranar 15 ga Janairu 2001 ta Jimmy Wales da Larry Sanger, ta amfani da ra'ayi da fasahar wiki da Ward Cunningham ya fara. Da farko, an ƙirƙiri Wikipedia don ƙara wa Nupedia, wani aikin kundin adireshi na kan layi wanda ƙwararru kawai suka gyara, ta hanyar samar da ƙarin rubuce-rubuce da ra'ayoyi don shi. Wikipedia ta wuce Nupedia cikin sauri, ta zama aiki na duniya a cikin harsuna da yawa kuma ta zaburar da ayyuka daban-daban na tunani.

* Nupedia &#x2013; magabacin Wikipedia. Nupedia wani kundin bayanai ne na yanar gizo na harshen Turanci wanda ya daɗe daga Maris 2000  har zuwa Satumba 2003. Masana ne suka rubuta labaranta kuma aka ba su lasisin abun ciki kyauta. Jimmy Wales ne ya kafa shi kuma Bomis ne ya ba shi goyon baya, tare da Larry Sanger a matsayin babban edita.
* Wayback Machine &#x2013; kapsul ɗin lokaci na dijital wanda ƙungiyar agaji ta Intanet Archive ta ƙirƙira, wacce ke San Francisco, California . Sabis ɗin yana bawa masu amfani damar ganin nau'ikan shafukan yanar gizo da aka adana (gami da Wikipedia) a tsawon lokaci, wanda Archive ke kira "ma'aunin girma uku". Intanet Archive ta sayi yankin waybackmachine.org don rukunin yanar gizon su. A halin yanzu tana cikin gwajin beta.
** Wikipedia akan Injin Wayback
* Wadanda suka kafa Wikipedia
** Larry Sanger &#x2013; babban mai shirya Wikipedia (2001–2002). Ya ci gaba da kafa Citizendium .  
** Jimmy Wales &#x2013; wanda a tarihi aka ambata a matsayin wanda ya kafa Wikipedia, kodayake ya musanta nadin "haɗin gwiwa", yana mai ayyana kansa a matsayin wanda ya kafa Wikipedia.
* Nazarin ilimi game da Wikipedia &#x2013; A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an gudanar **da bincike da dama game da Wikipedia** a cikin wallafe-wallafen da aka yi nazari a kansu . Ana iya raba wannan binciken zuwa rukuni biyu. Na farko ya yi nazari kan samarwa da amincin abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshi, yayin da na biyu ya binciki fannoni na zamantakewa, kamar amfani da gudanarwa. Irin waɗannan nazarin suna da matuƙar sauƙi saboda gaskiyar cewa ana iya sauke bayanan Wikipedia ba tare da buƙatar neman taimakon mai shafin ba. 
* Gyaran da Aka Yi Wa Alama &#x2013; wani ƙarin software ne ga manhajar wiki ta MediaWiki wadda ke ba da damar daidaita gyare-gyaren da za a yi wa shafukan Wiki. Gidauniyar Wikimedia ce ta ƙirƙiro ta don amfani da ita a Wikipedia da makamantan wikis ɗin da aka shirya a kan sabar ta. A ranar 14 ga Yuni, 2010, Wikipedia ta Ingilishi ta fara gwaji na tsawon watanni 2 na wani fasali makamancin haka da aka sani da canje-canjen da ke jiran a yi .  A watan Mayu na 2011, an cire wannan fasalin ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba daga duk wani labari, bayan tattaunawa tsakanin editocin Wikipedia na Ingilishi. 

### Ayyukan da aka yi wahayi zuwa ga Wikipedia

* Citizendium &#x2013; wani shafin yanar gizo ne da ke ba da ilimi kyauta inda marubuta ke amfani da sunayensu na gaske da aka tabbatar.
* Conservapedia &#x2013; wani aikin wiki ne mai harshen Turanci wanda aka rubuta daga mahangar masu ra'ayin mazan jiya ta Amurka.
* Grokipedia &#x2013; wani aikin kundin bayanai ne da Elon Musk ya fara wanda aka yi niyya a madadin Wikipedia. 
* Infogalactic &#x2013; an yi nufin ya kasance ba a yi zargin cewa yana da son kai a siyasance, na hagu, ko kuma "daidai a siyasance" fiye da Wikipedia, da kuma ba da damar yin rubuce-rubuce ko kalamai waɗanda ba za a yarda da su a Wikipedia ba saboda matsaloli da manufofin Wikipedia kan majiyoyi masu inganci, ko kuma saboda zargin son kai da editocin Wikipedia ke yi.
* Knol &#x2013; wani aiki ne na Google wanda ke da nufin haɗa labaran da masu amfani suka rubuta kan batutuwa daban-daban.
* Scholarpedia &#x2013; wani kundin bayanai ne na intanet mai harshen Turanci wanda ke da fasaloli da aka saba da su tare da mujallu na ilimi na kan layi waɗanda ke da nufin samun abun ciki mai inganci.
* Uncyclopedia &#x2013; wani gidan yanar gizo ne mai barkwanci wanda ke yin barkwanci da Wikipedia. Tambarin sa, wani "dankalin turawa mai ban mamaki", yana yin barkwanci da tambarin wasanin gwada ilimi na duniya na Wikipedia, kuma yana sanya kansa "littafin da ba shi da abun ciki", wanda shine barkwanci na taken Wikipedia, "littafin kyauta". Aikin ya ƙunshi harsuna sama da 75. Sigar Turanci tana da kusan shafuka 30,000 na abun ciki, na biyu bayan Fotigal kawai.

## Wikipedia a cikin al'adu
 

* A fannin fasaha da nishaɗi
* Lamarin Stephen Colbert
* Wikiracing &#x2013; wasa ta amfani da kundin adireshi na kan layi na Wikipedia wanda ke mai da hankali kan ratsa hanyoyin haɗi daga shafi ɗaya zuwa wani.  Matsakaicin adadin hanyoyin haɗin da ke raba kowace shafi biyu na Wikipedia shine 3.67. 

## Mutane masu alaƙa da Wikipedia

* Jimmy Wales &#x2013; wanda a tarihi aka ambata a matsayin wanda ya kafa Wikipedia, kodayake ya musanta nadin "haɗin gwiwa", yana mai ayyana kansa a matsayin wanda ya kafa Wikipedia.
* Larry Sanger &#x2013; babban mai shirya Wikipedia (2001–2002). Ya ci gaba da kafa Citizendium .   Shi ma mai sukar Wikipedia ne.
* Andrew Lih &#x2013; tsohon mai ba da gudummawa a Wikipedia,  kuma a shekarar 2009 ya buga littafin *The Wikipedia Revolution: How a Bunch of Nobodies Created the World's Greatest Encyclopedia* . An yi hira da Lih a cikin wallafe-wallafe daban-daban, ciki har da *Salon.com*  da kuma shafin yanar gizo na *[[New York Times|The New York Times]]* Freakonomics,  a matsayin ƙwararre a Wikipedia.

### Masu Sukar Wikipedia
 

* Murat Bardakçı - a gidan talabijin na Turkiyya, ya bayyana cewa ya kamata a dakatar da Wikipedia.
* Nicholas G. Carr - a cikin rubutun blog dinsa na 2005 mai taken "The Amorality of Web 2.0," ya soki ingancin ayyukan bayanai na Yanar gizo 2.0 masu sa kai kamar Wikipedia da blogosphere kuma ya yi jayayya cewa suna iya samun mummunar tasiri a kan al'umma ta hanyar kawar da hanyoyin da suka fi tsada.
* Jorge Cauz - shugaban Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.. A watan Yulin shekara ta 2006, a wata hira da aka yi da shi a cikin The New Yorker, ya bayyana cewa Wikipedia za ta "ƙasa cikin wani abu mai banƙyama, wanda ba a dogara da shi ba, kuma, sau da yawa, labaran da ba a iya karantawa" kuma cewa "Wikipedia ga Britannica kamar yadda American Idol yake ga Makarantar Juilliard" 
* Conservapedia   - aikin wiki na harshen Ingilishi wanda aka fara a shekara ta 2006 ta hanyar malamin makarantar gida da lauya Andy Schlafly, ɗan mai fafutukar ra'ayin mazan jiya Phyllis Schlafly  don magance abin da ya kira son zuciya na Wikipedia. 
** Andrew Schlafly - lauya ne na Amurka kuma mai fafutukar Kirista mai ra'ayin mazan jiya.
* Gay Nigger Association of America - kungiyar masu adawa da rubutun ra'ayin yanar gizo. A kan Wikipedia, membobin kungiyar sun kirkiro shafi game da kansu, yayin da suke bin kowane doka na Wikipedia don amfani da tsarin akan kanta.
* Aaron Klein - mai sharhi kan siyasa mai ra'ayin mazan jiya na Amurka da Isra'ila kuma babban mai ba da shawara ga Firayim Minista Benjamin Netanyahu .
* Jaron Lanier - masanin kimiyyar kwamfuta na Amurka, 
* Robert McHenry - masanin ilimin lissafi na Amurka wanda ya yi aiki a Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.">Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., ya zama babban editan Encyclopædia Britannica .
* Patrick Nielsen Hayden - edita almara na kimiyya na Amurka wanda ya ba da gudummawa ga littattafai da mujallu da yawa, gami da The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (2nd edition, 1993).
* Andrew Orlowski - tsohon babban editan labarai da ra'ayi na IT The Register . 
* Robert L. Park - farfesa ne na kimiyyar lissafi a Jami'ar Maryland, College Park, kuma tsohon darektan bayanan jama'a a ofishin Washington na American Physical Society . 
* Jason Scott Sadofsky - mahalicci, mai shi kuma mai kula da textfiles.com, shafin yanar gizon da ke adana fayiloli daga Tsarin allon labarai na tarihi.
* John Seigenthaler - ɗan jarida Amurka kuma ɗan siyasa, wanda aka sani da fitaccen mai kare haƙƙin Kwaskwarimar Farko.
* Lawrence Solomon - marubucin Kanada kan muhalli kuma babban darakta na Energy Probe .
* Sam Vaknin - marubucin Isra'ila kuma farfesa a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam.
* Wikipedia Review - wani dandalin tattaunawa na Intanet da blog don tattaunawar ayyukan Gidauniyar Wikimedia, musamman abun ciki da rikice-rikice na Wikipedia.

## Gidauniyar Wikipedia da ƙungiyoyi

* Gidauniyar Wikimedia &#x2013; ƙungiya mai zaman kanta da ke San Francisco, California, wacce aka kafa don mallakar da kuma sarrafa alamun kasuwanci da sabar Wikipedia da sauran ayyukanta.
* Ayyukan Wiki

## Ayyukan 'yar'uwar Wikipedia

*  Commons – ma'ajiyar hotuna, sauti da sauran fayilolin kafofin watsa labarai kyauta akan layi, wanda Gidauniyar Wikimedia ta shirya.
*   &#x2013; gidan MediaWiki (software da ke gudanar da Wikipedia), kuma inda ake haɓaka shi.
*  Meta-Wiki &#x2013; babban shafin yanar gizo don daidaita duk ayyukan Wikimedia.
*  Wikibooks – Wiki wanda Gidauniyar Wikimedia ta dauki nauyin shiryawa don ƙirƙirar littattafan karatu kyauta da rubuce-rubuce masu bayanin abubuwan da kowa zai iya gyarawa.
*  Wikidata &#x2013; tushen ilimi kyauta kuma buɗe wanda mutane da injina za su iya karantawa da gyarawa.
*  Wikinews – tushen labarai kyauta wiki da kuma wani aiki na Gidauniyar Wikimedia wanda ke aiki ta hanyar aikin jarida na haɗin gwiwa.
*  Wikiquote – tarin ambato daga fitattun mutane, littattafai, fina-finai da karin magana, tare da halayen da suka dace.
*  Wikisource – ɗakin karatu na dijital na kan layi na tushen rubutu kyauta akan wiki, wanda Gidauniyar Wikimedia ke gudanarwa.
*  Wikispecies – aikin yanar gizo da aka gina bisa wiki wanda Gidauniyar Wikimedia ta tallafa. Manufarta ita ce ƙirƙirar cikakken kundin abubuwan da aka tsara kyauta na dukkan nau'ikan halittu kuma an yi shi ne ga masana kimiyya, maimakon ga jama'a.
*  Wikiversity - Aikin Gidauniyar Wikimedia wanda ke tallafawa al'ummomin ilmantarwa, kayan aikin ilmantarwa, da ayyukan da suka biyo baya.
*  Wikivoyage &#x2013; jagorar tafiye-tafiye kyauta ta yanar gizo don wuraren tafiye-tafiye da batutuwan tafiye-tafiye da marubutan sa kai suka rubuta.
*  Wiktionary – aikin da aka yi a harsuna da yawa, wanda aka gina a yanar gizo don ƙirƙirar ƙamus na abun ciki kyauta, wanda ake samu a harsuna 158, wanda Gidauniyar Wikimedia ke gudanarwa.

## Wikipedia ta harshe
 

## Nassoshi