Peter Purves Smith

**Peter Purves Smith** (26 Maris 1912) An haife shi a ranar 23 ga Yuli, 1949, **Charles Roderick Purves Smith**, mai zane ne a ƙasar Australiya. An haife shi a Melbourne, Purves Smith ya yi karatu a Makarantar Fasaha ta Zamani ta Grosvenor da ke Landan kuma a ƙarƙashin malamin fasaha mai ci gaba George Bell a Melbourne.

A lokacin da yake ɗalibi, Purves Smith ya fito a matsayin mai fasaha mai ƙarfin gwiwa. Shi ne ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na zamani na farko a Ostiraliya da ya zana zane-zane na tarihi a Ostiraliya, ciki har da masu binciken Burke da Wills, kuma yana cikin mawakan Ostiraliya na farko da suka yi hulɗa kai tsaye da ƙungiyar Surrealist ta duniya. Ya yi tafiya a faɗin Turai a ƙarshen shekarun 1930, yana zana yawancin ayyukansa mafi shahara a Paris . A shekarar 1941, mai sukar fasaha Clive Turnbull ya gano Purves Smith, William Dobell, da kuma babban abokin Purves Smith Russell Drysdale a matsayin "mawakan Ostiraliya guda uku mafi muhimmanci" a wannan lokacin. [1] Duk da haka, an dakatar da aikin fasaha na Purves Smith yayin da yake aiki a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, daga baya kuma ya yi rashin lafiya. Ya mutu a shekarar 1949, ya bar ƙaramin aiki mai tasiri.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Peter Purves Smith a ranar 26 ga Maris, 1912 a Gabashin Melbourne, ɗa na biyu kuma ɗa tilo ga masu kiwon dabbobi na Victoria, William Purves Smith da Loe Purves Smith. Zuriyar dangin a Ostiraliya ta samo asali ne daga kakan Peter Thomas Smith (1830–87), wanda ya yi ƙaura daga Darnick, Roxburghshire, a cikin Iyakokin Scotland zuwa Colony of Victoria a farkon lokacin neman zinare na Victoria a 1854. Thomas ya sami ci gaba cikin sauri, yana kafa kasuwanci daban-daban kuma yana samun kadarorin noma da manyan gidaje na ciki na Melbourne. William - kodayake yana da nisa da Thomas - ya ɗauki salon rayuwarsa na noma na karkara da kuma hutu a cikin birni. A shekarar 1905, William ya auri Laura (Loe) Chapman kuma yana noman ulu a Dwarroon, a wajen Warrnambool. Sun renon 'ya'yansu Alison (wanda aka sani da Jocelyn) da Peter a wurare daban-daban a faɗin Victoria, ba tare da sun zauna a wuri ɗaya ba har abada. Purves Smith ya halarci makarantar shiryawa a Ingila da Makarantar Grammar Geelong da ke Ostiraliya, tare da mai zane kuma abokinsa na gaba Russell Drysdale . Domin ya faranta wa mahaifinsa rai, Peter ya shiga Kwalejin Sojojin Ruwa ta Royal Australian a shekarar 1926, amma ya daina aiki bayan shekaru uku don zama jackaro kusa da Hay kusa da Kogin Murrumbidgee. William Purves Smith ya kashe kansa a ranar Kirsimeti, 1932.

Bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa, Peter ya yi tafiye-tafiye sosai a faɗin Turai. A Ingila, 1934, 'yar'uwar Purves Smith Jocelyn ta lura da sha'awarsa ta zane, kuma ta ba da shawarar ya halarci makarantar fasaha. Ya yi karatu a ƙarƙashin Iain Macnab a Makarantar Fasaha ta Zamani ta Grosvenor a 1935, sannan ya koma Ostiraliya a ƙarƙashin George Bell a Makarantar Situdiyo ta Bourke Street.  A can ya sake haɗuwa da tsohon abokin Geelong Russell Drysdale, da ɗalibin Bell Maisie Newbold, wanda ya aura a 1946 a Toorak tare da Drysdale a matsayin babban mutum. Drysdale shi ma ya kasance mai jackaro, kuma duka masu fasaha sun yi aiki tare kuma sun yi tasiri ga fasahar juna. Baya ga malamansa da Drysdale, Amedeo Modigliani, Paul Nash, Henri Rousseau, Maurice Utrillo, Christopher Wood da surrealism sun shafi abin da zai zama salon Purves Smith na musamman.  

### Ayyukan ɗalibai

Fayil:Peter_Purves_Smith_-_French_Cafe,_1936.jpg|alt=French Café, 1936, Art Gallery of South Australia| *Gidan Shagon Faransa*, 1936, Gidan Tarihi na Kudancin Ostiraliya
Fayil:Peter_Purves_Smith_-_New_York,_1936.jpg|alt=New York, 1936, Art Gallery of New South Wales| *New York*, 1936, Gidan Tarihi na New South Wales
Fayil:Purves_Smith_Lucile_1937.jpg|alt=Lucile, 1937, Queensland Art Gallery| *Lucile*, 1937, Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Queensland
Fayil:Peter_Purves_Smith_-_Nude_1937.jpg|alt=Nude, 1937, Heide Museum of Modern Art| *Nude*, 1937, Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani na Heide
Fayil:Peter_Purves_Smith_-_The_Blue_Head,_1937.jpg|alt=Blue Head, 1937, Art Gallery of South Australia| *Shuɗin Kai*, 1937, Gidan Tarihi na Kudancin Ostiraliya
Fayil:Peter_Purves_Smith_-_Ricketts_Point,_1937.jpg|alt=Ricketts Point, 1937, Art Gallery of South Australia| *Ricketts Point*, 1937, Gidan Tarihi na Kudancin Ostiraliya
Fayil:Peter_Purves_Smith_-_Topee,_1937.jpg|alt=Topee, 1937, National Gallery of Australia| *Topee*, 1937, Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa na Ostiraliya
Fayil:Peter_Purves_Smith_Burke_Wills_1937.jpg|alt=Burke and Wills (The Perish), 1937, Benalla Art Gallery| *Burke da Wills (The Perish)*, 1937, Gidan Tarihi na Benalla


## Hotunan Hotuna

Fayil:Peter_Purves_Smtih_-_Surrealist_Landscape,_1938.jpg|alt=Surrealist Landscape, 1938, National Gallery of Victoria| *Tsarin shimfidar wuri na Surrealist*, 1938, Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa na Victoria
Fayil:Peter_Purves_Smith_-_The_Pond,_1938.jpg|alt=The Pond, 1938, Ian Potter Centre| *Tafkin*, 1938, Cibiyar Ian Potter
Fayil:Peter_Purves_Smith_-_The_Diplomats,_1939.jpg|alt=The Diplomats, 1939, National Gallery of Australia| *Jami'an Diflomasiyya*, 1939, Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa na Ostiraliya


## Manazarta