Milieudefensie

**Milieudefensie** (Dutch for "defense environnelle") kungiya ce ta muhalli ta Dutch, wacce aka kafa a ranar 6 ga watan Janairun 1971, ta ƙungiyar masana kimiyya don mayar da martani ga rahoton da Club of Rome ta bayar. [bayyanawa da ake buƙata] Ita ce reshen Dutch na Abokan Duniya. Milieudefensie na daga cikin kungiyoyi 30 na kasa da Abokan Duniya Turai ke wakilta da haɗa kai a matakin Turai. 

Manufar Milieudefensie rayuwa ce mai kyau ga duk mutanen duniya da kuma tsararraki masu zuwa. Yana mai da hankali ne akan Adalci na yanayi, musamman rarraba fa'idodi da nauyin mafita ga rikicin yanayi. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan ta mayar da hankali musamman kan lissafin kamfanoni dangane da rikicin yanayi.

Milieudefensie tana da kusan mambobi 90,000 da kuma goyon bayan mutane 175,000. Tana shiga cikin tushen goyon bayanta a cikin ayyukanta, wanda shine haɗuwa da kamfen ɗin jama'a, ayyukan shari'a da kuma siyasa.

## Milieudefensie v Shell: yanayin yanayi
A cikin , Milieudefensie ya fara karar da aka yi wa kamfanin man fetur na Shell don riƙe kamfanin da alhakin rabonsa a rikicin yanayi, da kuma buƙatar yin shirye-shiryen yanayi daidai da manufofi da aka amince da su a duniya. A cikin 2021, hukuncin alƙalin ya bayyana cewa Shell dole ne ta rage hayakin CO da kashi 45% nan da shekara ta 2030, idan aka kwatanta da adadi na 2019. Wannan ya shafi kuma don yin amfani da hayaki 3, ko hayaki wanda ya haifar da amfani da samfuran Shell.

Kafofin yada labarai na kasa da kasa sun bayyana cewa "Rashin tarihi na Shell a The Hague shine canji a cikin yaki da babban man fetur"  kuma cewa shari'ar ita ce "mafi girman canji" a cikin shari'o'in kotu da suka shafi yanayi da za su jagoranci "masu jan man fetur zuwa 'maɓallin kaiwa'".  Wannan shari'ar ta yi wahayi zuwa ga wasu karar, ciki har da daya a kan babban man fetur na Italiya Eni . 

Shell ta daukaka kara kan hukuncin kotun. An gudanar da sauraron shari'a a watan Afrilu na shekara ta  kuma kotun ta yanke hukunci a cikin ni'imar Shell a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba 2024. Alƙalai sun ga Shell ba ta da cikakken alhakin CO="true" id="mwKQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion">CO "ƙasa ta 2" da "ƙasawar 3" da masu samarwa da abokan ciniki suka haifar kuma ainihin wajibin rage waɗannan hayaki da ƙayyadadden kashi zai kasance ba zai iya ba. Alƙalai sun bayyana, cewa masu fafatawa na iya karɓar hannun jari daga Shell ta hanyar sayar da ƙarin kwal da gas a cikin tsari, wanda ba zai haifar da rage fitar da CO2 ba.

## Milieudefensie v ING Bank
A watan Janairun , Milieudefensie ya ba da sanarwa game da alhakin bankin Dutch ING. Milieudefensie ta dauki ING a matsayin Babban Bankin Duniya wanda ke da alhakin kulawa game da canjin yanayi. Ya yi jayayya cewa ING ya kamata ya dauki matakin yanayi wanda zai haifar da raguwar hayakin CO da kashi 48% nan da 2030 idan aka kwatanta da 2019. Wannan adadi ne dan kadan ya fi girma fiye da na Shell, saboda yana nuna mafi kyawun kimiyya. Shari'ar ta fi bin dabarun shari'a iri ɗaya kamar shari'ar da aka yi wa Shell. 

## Ikon mutane
Milieudefensie tana aiki tare da tushen goyon bayanta don matsawa kan manyan kamfanoni da 'yan siyasa don yin aiki bisa ga yarjejeniyar yanayi. Shirye-shiryen Milieudefensie ya dogara ne akan 'ikon mutane': lokacin da mutane da yawa ke magana don wani buƙata, zai zama ba zai yiwu ba ga kamfanoni da 'yan siyasa su yi watsi da wannan buƙata. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, yana da wasu:

* co- shirya zanga-zangar yanayi mafi girma a tarihin Dutch (a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 2023, tare da mahalarta 85,000);
* sun halarci taron masu hannun jari na manyan kamfanoni don tambayar allon ko suna da niyyar rage fitar da  da kashi 45%;
* ya shirya 'bayani don adalci na yanayi' wanda sama da mutane 80,000 suka sanya hannu.

## Ayyukan kasa da kasa
Milieudefensie tana aiki a duniya a cikin kawance guda biyu: Green Livelihoods Alliance da Fair, Green da Global alliance. Milieudefensie kuma tana neman dokoki da jagororin kasa da kasa da EU. Daga cikin wasu, sun ba da bayani game da gyaran jagororin OECD don kamfanoni masu yawa na 2023 da kuma umarnin dorewar kamfanoni na EU.

## Dubi kuma

* *Milieudefensie da sauransu Royal Dutch Shell*

## Manazarta