Samun damar bayanan jama'a a Bulgaria

**Samun damar yin amfani da bayanan jama'a da ƴancin yin bayani** (FOI) suna nufin haƙƙin samun damar samun bayanan da hukumomin jama'a ke riƙe kuma aka sani da "yancin sani". Ana ɗaukar damar samun bayanan jama'a da mahimmancin mahimmanci don ingantaccen aiki na tsarin dimokuradiyya, saboda yana haɓaka lissafin gwamnatoci da jami'an jama'a, haɓaka sa hannun mutane da ba da damar shigarsu cikin ilimin rayuwar jama'a. Babban jigo na ‘yancin samun bayanan jama’a shi ne cewa bayanan da hukumomin gwamnati suke da shi a bisa ka’ida na jama’a ne kuma ana iya boye su ne kawai bisa dalilai na halal da ya kamata a yi bayani dalla-dalla a cikin doka.

Samun damar Bayanin Jama'a a Bulgaria hakki ne da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na 1991 ya tabbatar da shi. An tsara shi ta hanyar Dokar Samun Bayanin Jama'a da aka fara gabatar da ita a cikin 2000 kuma an gyara ta a cikin Disamba 2015. gyare-gyaren sun haɓaka bayyanawa mai ƙarfi, ƙarfafa buƙatun lantarki da sauƙaƙe sake amfani da bayanai, daidai da umarnin 2013/37/EU kan Sake Amfani da Bayanan Jama'a.

## Fage
A cikin 2014, an fara taron tuntuɓar jama'a game da gyare-gyaren da za a gabatar a cikin damar samun dokokin bayanai. A cikin bazara na 2014, an kafa ƙungiyar aiki a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Watsa Labaru ta Fasaha da Sadarwa tare da umarnin tsara gyare-gyare ga dokokin Bulgaria game da gabatarwar umarnin da aka bita na 2013/37/EU kan Sake amfani da Bayanin Sashin Jama'a na Majalisar Tarayyar Turai da Majalisar 26 ga Yuni 2013 da Majalisar da aka sake yin amfani da bayanan da aka gyara. ɗakunan ajiya, dakunan karatu da gidajen tarihi.

An kuma shirya yunƙurin yin kwaskwarima ga dokar Bulgaria game da samun damar yin amfani da bayanan jama'a a cikin tsarin tsarawa da tattaunawa game da Tsarin ƙasa a ƙarƙashin shirin Buɗaɗɗen Huɗin gwiwar Gwamnati.

A watan Nuwamba na 2015, Majalisar Dokokin Bulgeriya ta amince da gyare-gyare ga Dokar Samun Bayanan Jama'a don haɓaka bayyanawa da sauri, ƙarfafa buƙatun lantarki da sauƙaƙe sake amfani da bayanai.

A cewar Farfesa Georgi Lozanov, tsohon memba a majalisar kula da kafofin watsa labaru na lantarki, gabatar da dokar samun damar yin bayanai zai iya taimakawa wajen samar da fa'ida a fili ga fannin watsa labaru, musamman mallakar kafofin watsa labaru da hanyoyin samun kudade wadanda ba su da tushe a Bulgaria.

## Tsarin Shari'a

### Tsarin Mulki
Mataki na 41 na Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Bulgeriya na 1991 ya bayyana cewa, kowa na da hakkin ya nemi, karba da kuma ba da bayanai, muddin ba za a yi amfani da wannan hakkin ba don cutar da tsaron kasa, zaman lafiyar jama'a, lafiyar jama'a da kuma kyawawan dabi'u. Mataki na 41 ya bai wa ’yan kasa damar samun bayanai daga hukumomi da hukumomin gwamnati kan duk wani lamari na halaltacciyar maslahar jama’a wanda ba jiha ko wani sirrin da doka ta tanada ba kuma bai shafi haƙƙin wasu ba.

### Samun Dokar Bayanin Jama'a
A Bulgeriya samun damar samun bayanan jama'a ana tsara shi ta hanyar Dokar Samun Bayanin Jama'a da aka kafa a cikin 2000, kuma an gyara a cikin 2008 da 2015.[5] Dokar ta ba wa kowane mutum ko wata doka damar samun damar samun bayanan jama'a ta kowace hanya da cibiyoyin gwamnati da sauran hukumomin da ke ba da kuɗaɗen kuɗin gwamnati da gudanar da ayyukan jama'a.

### 2015 gyare-gyare ga dokar da ke tsara damar samun bayanan jama'a
Tsarin doka da aka gyara kan samun damar samun bayanan jama'a ya gabatar da ƙarin jerin nau'ikan bayanai waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin bayyanawa. Har ila yau, gyare-gyaren ya gabatar da wani takalifi na buga duk wani bayani da aka bayar akan buƙatun fiye da sau uku, tare da wani babban nauyi na buga bayanan kan layi na sha'awar jama'a.

gyare-gyaren kuma da nufin ƙarfafa ƙaddamar da buƙatun na lantarki, waɗanda za a iya aikawa ba tare da buƙatar sa hannun lantarki ba.

Wani sabon al’amari kuma ya shafi zato na amincewar wasu ne, ma’ana idan hukumar gwamnati ta nemi amincewar wani bangare na uku don bayyana bayanan da suka shafi shi, za a yi zaton rashin mayar da martani a cikin kwanaki 14 a matsayin amincewa kuma ya kamata a ba da bayanan gaba daya, godiya ga gyara, don haka ba a yi la’akari da bayanan da aka nema ba, kamar yadda hukumar ta yi gyara a gaban jama’a. ba da damar shiga kawai.

gyare-gyaren sun kuma gabatar da Dokar 2013/37/UE, inda aka sake sabunta umarnin farko kan Sake Amfani da Bayanan Jama'a (2003) wanda aka yi a cikin 2007 a cikin damar yin amfani da Dokar Watsa Labarai. Dangane da umarnin da aka yi wa kwaskwarima, dokar da aka gyara ta tsawaita tsarin sake amfani da ita ta hanyar haramta duk wani keɓantaccen bayani a cikin ba da haƙƙin yin amfani da duk bayanan bayanai tare tare da tanadin Umarar da ke wajabta wa kowace ƙungiyar jama'a a cikin EU don samar da daidaitaccen wadatar irin waɗannan bayanan akan daidaitattun yanayi kuma tare da farashi don samun damar samun ƙididdigewa ta hanyar gaskiya.

## Manazarta