Masarautar Libya

**Masarautar Libya** (  Daular Libya&#x27; ; Italian), wanda aka fi sani da **Burtaniya ta Libya** daga 1951 zuwa 1963, masarauta ce ta tsarin mulki a Arewacin Afirka wacce ta wanzu bayan samun 'yancin kai a ranar 24 ga watan Disamba 1951 kuma ta ci gaba har zuwa juyin mulki a ranar 1 ga watan Satumba 1969. Juyin mulkin da Muammar Gaddafi ya jagoranta ya hambarar da sarki Idris tare da kafa Jamhuriyar Larabawa ta Libiya.

## Tarihi

### Tsarin Mulki
Karkashin tsarin mulkin watan Oktoba na shekarar 1951, masarautar gwamnatin tarayya ta Libya ta kasance karkashin jagorancin Sarki Idris a matsayin shugaban kasa, tare da maye gurbin mazajensa da aka nada (Art. 44 da 45 na kundin tsarin mulkin 1951).   Babban iko na siyasa ya kasance tare da sarki. Bangaren zartaswa na gwamnati ya ƙunshi Firayim Minista da Majalisar Ministoci da sarki ya naɗa amma kuma yana da alhakin Majalisar Wakilai, Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa ta biyu. Majalisar dattijai, ko kuma ta babba, ta ƙunshi wakilai takwas daga kowace larduna uku. Rabin Sanatocin Sarki ne ya nada su, wanda kuma ke da damar yin watsi da dokar da kuma rusa majalisar wakilai. An gudanar da ‘yancin cin gashin kan kananan hukumomi a larduna ta hanyar gwamnatocin larduna da ‘yan majalisa. Tripoli da Benghazi sun yi aiki a madadin babban birnin ƙasar.

An tsara kundin tsarin mulkin ne a karkashin inuwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, kuma ana ganin ya kunshi muhimman hanyoyin kare hakkin dan Adam.   A ƙarshe, takardar ta kafa wata na'ura ta cibiyoyi waɗanda ke haɓaka gaskiya da kariya daga taron ikon dimokraɗiyya.   Musamman, Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya tsara hanyoyin da za a tabbatar da yin la'akari da ayyukan jama'a da daidaiton dukkan 'yan kasar Libya a gaban doka.    A lokacin da aka samar da ita, an karbe ta a matsayin abin koyi mai kyau da tunani mai kyau na kyakkyawan shugabanci da daidaiton iko ga yankin. 

### Ci gaban siyasa

Abubuwa da dama, wadanda suka samo asali daga tarihin Libya, sun shafi ci gaban siyasa na sabuwar kasar da ta samu 'yancin kai. Sun yi nuni da mabanbantan ra'ayoyin siyasa na larduna da kuma shubuhar da ke tattare da masarautar Libiya. Na farko, bayan babban zaben Libya na farko, a 1952, wanda aka gudanar a ranar 19 ga watan  Fabrairu, an soke jam'iyyun siyasa. Jam'iyyar National Congress Party, wadda ta yi yakin neman zaben gwamnatin tarayya, ta sha kaye a duk fadin kasar. An haramta wa jam’iyyar, sannan aka kori Bashir Sa’adawi. Na biyu, dangantakar larduna ta ci gaba da kasancewa mafi muhimmanci fiye da na kasa, kuma gwamnatocin tarayya da na larduna sun kasance suna jayayya game da bangarorin da suke da iko. Matsala ta uku ta samo asali ne daga rashin magaji kai tsaye. Don magance wannan lamarin, Idris a shekarar 1953 ya nada kaninsa mai shekaru sittin a duniya ya gaje shi. Lokacin da magajin na asali ya mutu, sarkin ya naɗa ɗan wansa, Yarima Hasan ar Rida, wanda zai gaje shi.

Lokacin da gungun matasa hafsoshi da sojoji suka kwace mulki a karkashin jagorancin Muammar Gaddafi a ranar 1 ga watan Satumban 1969, Yarima mai jiran gado, wanda a lokacin yana mulkin kasar a madadin Sarki Idris ya kasance a gidan yari na tsawon shekaru biyu, daga bisani kuma aka mayar da shi saniyar ware a wadannan watanni. shekara bakwai a tsare.   Da'irar Gaddafi ta wulakanta shi a bainar jama'a, ya yi fama da bugun jini wanda ya kai shi neman magani a Burtaniya a shekarar 1988. Daga nan ya yi tafiya zuwa Turai tare da dansa na biyu, Yarima Mohammed El Hassan El Rida El Senussi, kuma ya rasu a shekarar 1992 a Landan tare da iyalansa.  A ranar 18 ga watan Yunin 1992, aka karanta wasiyyar karshe ta Yarima mai jiran gado a wani taron manema labarai a gaban manema labarai da na ‘ya’yansa biyar, aka nada Yarima Mohammed a matsayin halastaccen magajin sarautar Libya.    

## Manazarta