Sharif Sheikh Ahmed

**Sharif Sheikh Ahmed** ( Somali,    ; An haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Yuli shekara ta alif 1964,ɗan siyasan ƙasar Somaliya ne wanda ya zama shugaban ƙasar Somaliya daga shekarar 2009 zuwa shekarar 2012. Shi ne wanda ya assasa kuma shugaban jam'iyyar siyasa ta Himilo Qaran sannan kuma shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban dandalin jam'iyyun na kasa ( Somali   ) Somaliya. Shi ne shugaban majalisar 'yan takarar shugaban kasar Somaliya.

## Rayuwar farko da aiki

### Ilimi
An haife shi a ranar 25 ga Yulin 1964 a garin Mahaday da ke kudancin yankin Shabel ta tsakiya inda ya sami ilimin koyarwar addinin Musulunci da harshen Larabci da kuma haddar kur'ani tun yana yaro. Ya fara karatunsa a Cibiyar Sheikh Sufi, wacce ke da alaka da Jami'ar Azhar ta Masar. Ya yi karatu a jami'o'in Libya da Sudan a tsakiyar shekarun 1990, inda ya sami digiri na farko a fannin shari'a da shari'ar Musulunci. Saboda haka, addini tarbiyyar da kuma ilimi a yarda da shi ya yi nasara da mahaifinsa a matsayin ruhaniya shugaban na Idrisiyya Order of masu zumunci a Somalia. Sharif ya kammala karatunsa a Jami'ar Boston a cikin Janairu 2012.

### Aikin doka
A shekara ta 2000 ne Sharif ya tafi Somalia a daidai lokacin da Somalia ke karkashin ikon shugabannin yaki, kuma abokai ba za su iya ziyartar juna a Mogadishu saboda rarrabuwar kawuna da rashin yarda da juna. Rikicin yakin basasa ya bayyana a ko'ina a Somaliya kuma Sharif yana da burin ceto kasarsa da al'ummarsa. Ya kafa Hukumar Al Shuruuq, cibiyar al'adu da al'adu da kuma kungiyar samari a Mogadishu wanda ya sauƙaƙa hulɗar zamantakewa ga matasan Somaliya waɗanda ba su taɓa ketare iyakokin da sarakunan yaƙi suka yi ba. A sakamakon haka, mazauna Mogadishu sun fara ketare layi inda abokai, abokan makaranta, da dattawa za su iya haduwa su bayyana ra'ayoyinsu a hanya mai kyau. Sharif ya zama lauyan yanki na lardinsa na tsakiyar Shabelle, inda aka zabe shi shugaban wata kotun lardi a Jawhar tsakanin 2001 da 2002. 

Kungiyoyin da ke dauke da makamai a babban birnin Somaliya wadanda suka yi amfani da wargajewar gwamnatin tsakiyar kasar ne ke da alhakin yin garkuwa da mutane marasa adadi. An kafa kotun ne ta hanyar yakin neman zabe wanda Sharif ya jagoranci ganin an sako wani yaro da aka sace. Kotun ta samu nasarar ganin an sako yaron da wasu da aka sace da kuma motocin da aka sace. Kotun ta ci gaba da murkushe ta'addancin gungun 'yan bindiga da masu fada a ji wanda ya zama ruwan dare a babban birnin kasar. Bayan haka, dukkanin kotunan Islama guda biyar suka hade, aka zabi Sharif wanda a kodayaushe ake ganinsa a matsayin mai sassaucin ra'ayi na kungiyar kotunan Musulunci, ya zama shugaba. 

Somaliya ta riga ta fara samun sauye-sauyen siyasa da tattalin arziki cikin gaggawa a karkashin watanni shida na farko na shugabancin kasar. An kawar da sarakunan yaƙi da tasirinsu daga birnin tare da taimakon jama'a wanda ya sa a karon farko cikin shekaru goma sha shida aka sake buɗe filin jirgin saman Mogadishu da tashar jiragen ruwa na Mogadishu. Manyan jami'an Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun kira wannan lokaci a matsayin 'Zaman Zinare' a tarihin siyasar Somaliya.  

A lokacin gwamnatin rikon kwarya da aka kafa a Mbagathi, na Nairobi a shekara ta 2004, ta kasance kasa mai rauni wadda ta rabu kuma tana da rauni. Sojojin Habasha sun mamaye Somaliya suna ikirarin cewa suna kokarin taimakawa gwamnatin rikon kwarya ne tare da hambarar da kungiyar hadin kan kotunan Islama. Sharif ya gana da jakadan Amurka a Kenya domin tattaunawa game da hadin gwiwa da gwamnatin rikon kwarya, inda daga nan sai ya tafi kasar Yemen inda ya gana da wasu tsoffin mambobin kotunan Islama.  

### Sana'ar siyasa kafin shugaban kasa
A matsayinsa na jagoran 'yan adawa Shariff, tsohon shugaban kotunan Islama, yana neman hedkwatar kafa sabuwar jam'iyyar siyasa, Alliance for the Re-liberation of Somalia. A cikin watan Satumban 2007 kusan wakilai 500 ne suka taru a birnin Asmara na kasar Eritriya, ciki har da masu kishin Islama, da 'yan majalisar dokoki, da kungiyoyin farar hula da na kasashen waje, suka kuma amince da tsarin mulki. A ranar 9 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2008 ne jam'iyyar Sharif ta Alliance for 'yan kwato Somaliya ta rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da gwamnatin rikon kwarya a kasar Djibouti mai suna Yarjejeniyar Djibouti. 

## Shugaban kasar Somaliya
Gwamnatin Sharif ta yi nasarar kawo gwamnatin tarayyar Somaliya ta hanyar rikon kwarya bayan rugujewar gwamnatin da ta shude a shekara ta 1991.

An yaba wa gwamnatinsa wajen inganta kundin tsarin mulkin Somaliya da kuma kafa muhimman cibiyoyi kamar ‘yan sanda da sojoji da kuma bangaren shari’a. Ya kafa rundunar sojojin kasar Somaliya, ya bude babbar tashar ruwa ta Mogadishu sannan ya sake bude babban bankin kasar. 

A ƙarƙashin jagorancin Sharif, gwamnatin rikon kwarya ta yi nasarar fatattakar kungiyar Al Shabaab daga babban birnin ƙasar da kewaye, inda ta samar da tsaro, zaman lafiya da sulhu a cikin tsaka mai wuya. 

### Zaben Shugaban Kasa 2009
Bayan lashe zaɓen da aka yi a safiyar ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2009, an rantsar da shugaba Sharif a safiyar yau a otal din Kempinski da ke Djibouti.  Sharif ya lashi takobin kafa gwamnati mai fa'ida, sannan kuma ya gayyaci dukkanin kungiyoyin da ke dauke da makamai a cikin wannan kasa ta kahon Afirka da ke fama da yaki da su shiga yunkurin sulhu da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ke daukar nauyi. Ahmedou Ould-Abdallah, wakilin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na musamman a Somaliya, ya yaba da zaben shugaban kasa da aka yi cikin gaskiya. A cikin wata sanarwa da Ould-Abdallah ya fitar, ya ce "A karshe muna ganin ci gaba daga aiki tukuru da dukkan bangarorin ke yi na samar da majalisar dokoki mai hade da juna." 

### Taron kungiyar kasashen Larabawa
A watan Maris din shekarar 2009, Sharif ya halarci taron kasashen Larabawa a Bagdad, domin samun goyon bayan yaki da kungiyar Al-Shabaab, da samar da tsaro, zaman lafiya da sulhu. 

### Taron manema labarai tare da Hillary Clinton
A ranar 6 ga watan Agustan shekarar 2009, Sharif da Sakatariyar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, Hillary Clinton, sun gudanar da taron manema labarai na hadin gwiwa a birnin Nairobi na kasar Kenya, inda suka tattauna kan kalubalen da Somaliya ke fuskanta, da kuma yiwuwar samun zaman lafiya, da kwanciyar hankali da sulhu ga Somaliyawa. 

### Cibiyar Dabaru da Nazarin Ƙasashen Duniya
A ranar 30 ga Satumba, 2009, Cibiyar Dabaru da Nazarin Kasa da Kasa (CSIS) a Washington ta dauki nauyin taron shugabanni tare da Sharif kan Somaliya don inganta zaman lafiya ta hanyar hada kai tsakanin kasa da kasa. 

### Jawabin da aka yi a hedkwatar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke New York
A ranar 10 ga watan Oktoban shekara ta 2009, Sharif ya gabatar da jawabi a wajen babban taron majalisar dinkin duniya karo na 64 a hedkwatar MDD dake birnin New York, kan inganta zaman lafiya, da tsaro, da sulhu da kuma isar da kayayyakin jin kai. 

### Taron Istanbul na Somaliya na 2010
A watan Mayun shekara ta 2010, a taron Istanbul kan Somaliya, babban sakataren MDD Ban Ki-moon ya bayyana cewa, dama ce kawai ta samar da zaman lafiya a Somaliya, ita ce goyon bayan gwamnatin Shariff. Ya bayyana goyon bayansa na musamman ga Sharif da kansa, yana mai cewa yana bukatar ya hau mulki da kuma karfafa shugabancinsa. 

### Jawabin a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya
A ranar 25 ga Satumban shekara ta 2010, jawabin Sharif a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya shafi inganta zaman lafiyar yanki, tsaro da sake gina kasar Somaliya. 

### Nada Farmajo a matsayin Firayim Minista
Sharif ya nada tsohon sakataren farko na ofishin jakadancin Somaliya a Washington, Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, a matsayin sabon firaministan Somaliya a watan Oktoban 2010 bayan murabus din Omar Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke.  Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya Ban Ki-Moon ya fitar da wata sanarwa inda ya yaba wa shugabannin Somaliyan kan yadda suka cimma matsaya kan tsare-tsare da suka taimaka wajen tabbatar da sabon firaministan na gaskiya da tuntubar juna. 

### Ƙungiyar Al-Shabaab ta janye daga Mogadishu

A ranar 6 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2011, Sharif ya sanar da cewa sojojinsa sun fatattaki 'yan tawaye masu kishin Islama da ke fafutukar hambarar da gwamnatinsa da ke samun goyon bayan kasashen yammacin Turai bayan da kungiyar Al Shabaab ta fara janye mayakan daga Mogadishu babban birnin ƙasar. 

### Kampala Accord
 
Yarjejeniyar Kampala ta kasance yarjejeniya ce da aka yi a Kampala, Uganda bisa ga kundin tsarin mulkin rikon kwarya na Jamhuriyar Somaliya don kawowa da kawo karshen rikon gwamnatin rikon kwarya a ranar 20 ga watan Agustan 2011. Shugaban gwamnatin rikon kwarya Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, Hon Sharif Hassan Sheikh Aden, shugaban majalisar rikon kwarya, Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, shugaban kasar Uganda, da Dr Augustine Mahiga, ne suka sanya hannu a ranar 9 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2011. Wakilin Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya. 

### Ziyarar AMISOM
A watan Satumban 2011, Sharif ya ziyarci dakarun wanzar da zaman lafiya na Burundi da ke aiki a kasarsa domin nuna goyon bayansu ga rundunar wanzar da zaman lafiya ta Tarayyar Afirka a Somaliya (AMISOM)."Na zo ne domin in kai ziyara ga dakarun wanzar da zaman lafiya na AMISOM da kuma sojojin Somaliya," shugaban ya fadawa manema labarai kafin ya koma Villa Somalia bayan kammala tarurruka. “Manufar ita ce gano yadda sojoji ke aiki da kuma yadda suke a shirye don taimakawa al’ummar Somaliya da gwamnati. Kamar yadda kuke gani a shirye suke da gaske kuma suna da kwarin gwiwa wajen kawo karshen matsalolin da suka shafi al'ummar Somaliya. Sojojin biyu suna da kyakkyawar alaka ta aiki, kuma muna fatan hadin gwiwarsu zai haifar da nasara ga kasarmu da kawar da makiya." 

### Operation Linda Nchi
Operation Linda Nchi ("Kare ƙasar"; Swahili: Linda Nchi) shine sunan aikin haɗin gwiwa na soja tsakanin sojojin Kenya da na Somaliya wanda aka fara a ranar 16 ga Watan Oktoban shekara ta 2011, lokacin da sojoji daga Kenya suka tsallaka kan iyaka zuwa rikici. Yankunan kudancin Somaliya.

### Tattaunawar Kampala
A watan Nuwamban 2011, Sharif ya gana da takwaransa na Uganda Yoweri Museveni, inda suka tattauna batun tsaro a Somaliya da kuma yankin gabashin Afirka. Sharif ya samu rakiyar ministoci da ‘yan majalisa da dama. 

### Taron Garoowe
A watan Fabrairun 2012, Sharif da wasu jami'an gwamnatin Somaliya sun gana a garin Garowe da ke arewa maso gabashin kasar, domin tattaunawa kan shirye-shiryen siyasa bayan mika mulki. Bayan tattaunawa mai zurfi da ya samu halartar masu ruwa da tsaki na yankin da kuma masu sa ido na kasa da kasa, taron ya kare ne da wata yarjejeniya tsakanin shugaban kasa, firaminista Abdiweli Mohamed Ali, shugaban majalisar dokoki Sharif Hassan Sheikh Adan, shugaban Puntland Abdirahman Mohamed Farole, shugaban Galmudug Mohamed Ahmed Alin da Ahlu Sunna Wakilin Waljama’a, Khalif Abdulkadir Noor ya tanadi cewa: a) za a kafa sabuwar majalisar wakilai mai wakilai 225, wadda za ta zama ‘yar majalisa da ta sama mai wakilai 54; b) Kashi 30% na Majalisar Zartarwar Kasa (NCA) an ware mata ne; c) Za a nada shugaban kasa ta hanyar zaben tsarin mulki; d) Shugaban kasa ne ke zabar Firayim Minista sannan ya nada majalisar ministocinsa.  

### Taron London kan Somaliya
Sharif yayi magana a taron London kan Somalia a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu 2012. Sharif ya ce: "Ga dukkan ku da kuka yi iya kokarinku don ganin an kawo karshen wahalhalun da al'ummar Somalia ke ciki, muna so mu ce mun yaba da wannan gagarumin kokari." Sakatariyar harkokin wajen Amurka Hillary Clinton, da Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Ban Ki-moon da wakilai daga gwamnatoci sama da 40 sun halarci taron London kan Somaliya, domin tattauna batun sake gina Somaliya da magance matsalar fashin teku, ta'addanci da yunwa. 

### Taron Istanbul na 2012 kan Somaliya
A ranar 1 ga watan Yunin 2012, Sharif da Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Ban Ki-moon sun halarci taron Istanbul kan Somaliya don inganta kokarin sake gina duniya da kuma mara baya ga kokarin tabbatar da zaman lafiya. 

### Sabon tsarin mulki

A ranar 23 ga watan Yunin 2012, gwamnatin tarayyar Somaliya da shugabannin yankuna sun sake yin taro inda suka amince da daftarin tsarin mulki bayan kwanaki da dama na tattaunawa. A ranar 1 ga watan Agusta ne majalisar dokokin kasar ta amince da sabon kundin tsarin mulkin kasar, inda kashi 96% suka kada kuri'a, kashi 2% suka ki amincewa da shi, sannan kashi 2% suka ki kada kuri'a. 

### Dubai Charter
An gudanar da taron yaki da fashi da makami a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa na biyu a Madinat Jumeirah a Dubai a ranakun 27-28 ga watan Yuni. Ta samu halartar wakilai sama da 400 da suka haɗa da ministocin harkokin waje, hukumar kula da ruwa ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, da shugabannin masana'antu, kungiyoyin jin kai da masana ilimi. Sharif na gwamnatin rikon kwaryar Somaliya ne ya gabatar da jawabi mai mahimmanci a taron. An kammala taron tare da kira mai karfi na "sakamakon hanya" kan 'yan fashin teku da suka hada da gwamnatocin kasashe, kungiyoyin kasa da kasa da kuma masana'antar ruwa ta duniya.

A ranar 28 ga watan Yunin 2012, Sharif ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwa tare da Ahmed Mahamoud Siilaanyo, shugaban yankin 'yan awaren Somaliland a arewa maso yammacin Somaliya. Yarjejeniyar wadda ake yiwa lakabi da Yarjejeniya ta Dubai, ta bukaci a kara samun hadin kai tsakanin sassan siyasa daban-daban na Somalia, kuma wani bangare ne na kokarin sulhuntawa na kasa da kasa baki daya a tsakanin dukkan bangarorin Somaliyan. Shuwagabannin yankunan Puntland da Galmudug masu cin gashin kansu da kuma karamin ministan harkokin wajen Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa sun halarci rattaba hannun. 

### Zaɓen Shugaban Ƙasa na 2012
Shigar da Sharif ya yi a zaben shugaban kasa da kuma amincewa da sakamakon shan kaye da aka yi masa na nuni da zuwan dimokradiyyar Somalia. An yaba masa bisa yadda aka mika mulki cikin lumana. Wannan shi ne karon farko da aka shaida irin wannan aika aika a Somaliya cikin shekaru arba'in. 

## Bayan shugaban ƙasa (2012  yanzu)
Ana kiran Sharif da sunan 'Uban Somalia na Zamani' saboda nasarorin da ya samu a wa'adin shugabancinsa.  

### Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2017

A zaben shugaban ƙasa na shekara ta 2017, Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, wanda Sharif ya nada a matsayin firaminista, ya gaji Hassan Sheikh Mohamud a matsayin shugaban Somalie. A zagaye na biyu kuma na karshe na kuri'un 'yan majalisar, Sharif ya samu kuri'u 45 yayin da Mohamed ya samu kuri'u 185. 

### Himilo Qaran

Sharif ya kafa jam'iyyar Himilo Qaran ne a watan Disambar shekara ta 2018 gabanin zaben 2020. A cikin shekara ta 2019 Himilo Qaran ya shiga dandalin jam'iyyun kasa kawancen jam'iyyun siyasar Somaliya. A watan Oktoban shekara ta 2019 Himilo Qaran ya shiga kawancen jam'iyyun siyasar Somaliya, dandalin jam'iyyun ƙasa.

### Dandalin Jam'iyyun Kasa

A watan Satumban 2019 Sharif ya kafa Forum for National Parties kawance na jam'iyyun siyasa shida da suka hada da nasa jam'iyyar Himilo Qaran da UPD wadda ita ce jam'iyyar magajinsa Hassan Sheikh Mohamud. Kawancen FNP ya hada kan shugabannin kasar domin yin aiki tare domin warware matsalolin siyasa da tsaro na Somaliya. 

Tun da aka kafa FNP ta yi yakin neman zabe kan batutuwa daban-daban da suka hada da taimakon jin kai, tattaunawa da FGS da kuma tsarin zaben Somaliya.

### Majalisar 'Yan Takarar Shugaban Ƙasa
A watan Nuwamban shekarar 2020 aka zabi Sharif a matsayin shugaban majalisar 'yan takarar shugaban kasa, wadda ta taka rawar gani wajen rike gwamnatin Somalia kan yadda za a gudanar da zabe mai zuwa. Jam’iyyar CPC ta dukufa wajen warware batutuwan da suka hada da batun tsaro da tabarbarewar zabe a zaben 2021.

### Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2021

A watan Janairun shekara ta 2019 Sharif ya bayyana aniyarsa ta tsayawa takarar shugaban kasa a 2021 bisa tikitin jam'iyyarsa ta siyasa Himilo Qaran  A yayin da gungun 'yan takarar shugaban kasa 14 suka hadu a Mogadishu don taron kwanaki shida a watan Nuwamba 2020 Majalisar 'Yan takarar Shugaban kasa ta kasance. Aka kafa kuma aka zabi Sharif a matsayin shugaba. 

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa

### Fellowship, Jami'ar Boston
Sharif ya ci moriyar haɗin gwiwar tsohon-Shugabannin-In-Residence wanda Jami'ar Boston da ke Massachusetts, Amurka ta fara. Cibiyar Archives da Cibiyar Nazarin Shugabancin Afirka (APARC) ce ke gudanar da karatun. Tana daukar nauyin shirye-shirye da suka hada da muhawara kan manufofin jama'a don fadada ilimin sarkakiya da albarkatu a Afirka. 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Sharif Sheikh Ahmed shafin Twitter
* Sharif Sheikh Ahmad Facebook'ta
* Yarjejeniyar Djibouti
* Kampala Accord