Joyce Dinkins

**Joyce Elizabeth Dinkins** (née **Burrows**; 22 ga Disamba, 1930 - 10 ga Oktoba, 2020) 'yar fafutuka ce ta kare haƙƙin yara a Amurka, mai ba da shawara kan karatu da ilimi, ma’aikaciyar gwamnati, kuma matar tsohon magajin garin birnin New York, David Dinkins. Ita ce ta zama uwargidan farko na birnin New York daga 1990 zuwa 1993, inda ta kasance uwargida ta farko ‘yar Afirka Ba’amurke a tarihin birnin.”

## Tarihin rayuwa

### Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Dinkins Joyce Elizabeth Burrows a Manhattan a ranar 22 ga Disamba, 1930.  Tana ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'ya mata biyu na iyalinta, tare da' yar'uwarta, Gloria . Mahaifiyarta, Elaine (née Nelthrop) Burrows, 'yar kasuwa ce, yayin da mahaifinta, Daniel L. Burrows, mai sayar da giya ne kuma dillalin ƙasa. Iyalinta sun ƙaura daga Manhattan zuwa Yonkers, New York, lokacin da take ɗalibar makarantar firamare, amma da sauri ta koma Harlem kusan shekara guda bayan haka saboda nuna bambancin launin fata a Yonkers. Dinkins da 'yar'uwarta, wadanda su ne kawai daliban baƙar fata a makarantarsu ta Yonkers, sun jimre da zargi na launin fata a wannan lokacin. A shekara ta 1989, Dinkins ya yi magana game da abubuwan da suka faru a wata hira da Newsday, "Yana sa ka san cewa wariyar launin fata ya wanzu. Kafin wannan, ba mu taɓa haɗuwa da wani abu ba har zuwa wannan matakin. "

Daniel Burrows ya zama daya daga cikin baƙar fata na farko da aka zaba a Birnin New York da Jihar New York. An fara zabarsa a matsayin shugaban gundumar Democrat a Manhattan, kafin a zabe shi a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar New York a 1939.  Daniel Burrows daga baya ya zama mai ba da shawara kan siyasa kuma mai ba da shawarar surukinsa, David Dinkins.

Joyce Burrows ta kammala karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta George Washington da ke Washington Heights. Daga nan ta halarci Jami'ar Howard a Washington DC, inda ta sami digiri na farko a fannin zamantakewa a shekara ta 1953. A Howard, Joyce ta shiga ƙungiyar Delta Sigma Theta kuma ta zama Sarauniya mai zuwa gida. Burrows ta sadu da mijinta na gaba, David Dinkins, yayin da suke dalibai a Jami'ar Howard. Ma'auratan sun yi aure a watan Agustan 1953, jim kadan bayan kammala karatunta.

Komawa a New York, Joyce Dinkins da farko ta shirya ta zama ma'aikaciyar zamantakewa, amma ta jinkirta shirye-shiryen aikinta da zarar 'ya'yanta, David N. Dinkins Jr. da Donna Dinkins, sun isa makarantar firamare. Ta kuma kula da mahaifiyarta, wacce aka gano tana da cutar sclerosis mai yawa. Maimakon haka, Dinkins ta sami aiki a cikin lissafi da aikin gwamnati, yayin da mijinta ya bi aikin shari'a da siyasa. Ta kuma yi yakin neman zabe ga mijinta a lokacin yakin neman zaben shugaban Manhattan Borough da Magajin garin New York a cikin shekarun 1980.

### Uwargidan Shugaban Birnin New York
A shekara ta 1989, lokacin da aka zabi David Dinkins a matsayin magajin gari na Birnin New York, Joyce Dinkins shine mai kula da harkokin birni na Ma'aikatar Haraji da Kudi ta Jihar New York. Ta yi ritaya jim kadan kafin a rantsar da mijinta a matsayin magajin gari don mayar da hankali kan rawar da ta taka a matsayin uwargidan shugaban kasa.

Joyce Dinkins ta yi aiki a matsayin Uwargidan Shugaban Birnin New York daga 1990 har zuwa 1993 a lokacin da Magajin garin Dinkins ya kasance a ofis. David Dinkins shine magajin gari na farko na baƙar fata, yayin da Joyce Dinkins ta zama uwargidan Afirka ta farko a tarihi. Bugu da ƙari, Joyce Dinkins ita ce matar magajin gari ta farko kuma Uwargidan Shugaban kasa tun lokacin da Mary Beame ta bar mukamin a 1978, a matsayin wanda ya riga David Dinkins, Ed Koch, ya kasance baƙo na rayuwa. Dinkins ta yarda da sabon rawar da ta taka, ta lura a cikin wata hira ta 1989 cewa "Ainihin har zuwa wannan lokacin a rayuwata na kasance mutum ne mai zaman kansa. Koyaya, na fahimci cewa hakan ba zai yiwu ba. Don haka zan daidaita a lokaci saboda ina son mutane. "   Ta ɗauki kanta a matsayin abokin mijinta, maimakon mai ba da shawara, tana cewa, "Ina ba da ra'ayina. Ba zan iya cewa koyaushe yana karɓar su ba."

Jaridar *[[New York Times]]* ta lura cewa rawar da Dinkins ke takawa a matsayin uwargidan shugaban birnin ya sanya ta "a matsayin misali ga miliyoyin 'yan Afirka na Afirka. "  Dinkins ta yi amfani da matsayinta don inganta dalilai da yawa, gami da karatu da rubutu da shirye-shiryen ilimi, haƙƙin yara, da kuma hana cin zarafin yara. Ta fi aiki a batutuwan da suka shafi ilimi. Dinkins ya kirkiro shirin karatu da rubutu na "Karanta shine Nishaɗi" ga ɗaliban makarantar jama'a a cikin 1990. Dinkins ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar girmamawa ta Kwamitin Majalisa kan Cin zarafin Yara. Ta kuma jagoranci kamfen ɗin sabis na jama'a na gari da ake kira "Ranar Farko ta Komawa zuwa Makaranta".

### Rayuwa ta baya
Magajin garin Dinkins ya sake rasa zaben a 1993 kuma ya bar ofis bayan wa'adi daya, amma Joyce Dinkins ya ci gaba da aiki a kungiyoyin jama'a da ilimi. Ta shiga kwamitin daraktocin WNET (tafiyar talabijin ta New York City PBS), New York Urban League, Big Brothers Big Sisters of New York City, Historic House Trust, da Early Stages Theater .  Cibiyar Nazarin Al'adun Baƙi ta Schomburg a Harlem ta kuma kafa sabon tarin littattafan yara, wanda aka kira Joyce B. Dinkins Children's Collection don girmama ta.  

Joyce Dinkins ta mutu a gidanta a unguwar Lenox Hill na Upper East Side, Manhattan, a ranar 10 ga Oktoba, 2020, tana da shekaru 89. Mijinta mai shekaru 67, tsohon magajin gari David Dinkins, ya mutu sama da wata daya bayan haka a ranar 23 ga Nuwamba, 2020.  Dinkins ta bar 'ya'yanta biyu, David N. Dinkins Jr. da Donna Dinkins Hoggard, da jikoki biyu. Dinkins sun kasance mambobi ne na Ikilisiyar Intercession, cocin Episcopal a Upper Manhattan.

## Bayanan da aka ambata