Sauyin yanayi na Bahamas

Bahamas rukuni ne na tsibiran kusan 700 da cays a yammacin Tekun Atlantika, wanda tsakanin 30 zuwa 40 ne kawai ke zaune.  Mafi girma daga cikin tsibiran shine Tsibirin Andros, dake arewacin Cuba da nisan kilomita 200 (120 mi) kudu maso gabashin Florida.  Tsibirin Bimini suna arewa maso yamma.  A Arewa shine tsibirin Grand Bahama, gida ga birni na biyu mafi girma a ƙasar, Freeport.  Tsibirin Great Abaco yana gabas.  A kudu mai nisa akwai tsibirin Great Inagua, tsibiri na biyu mafi girma a kasar.  Sauran fitattun tsibiran sun haɗa da Eleuthera, Cat Island, Tsibirin San Salvador, Acklins, Tsibirin Crooked, da Mayaguana.  Nassau babban birni ne kuma birni mafi girma, yana kan New Providence.  Tsibirin suna da yanayi na wurare masu zafi na savannah, wanda kogin Gulf ya daidaita.  Jimlar girman murabba'in kilomita 13,878 (5,358 sq mi).  Saboda yawancin tsibiran da ke yaɗuwa tana da yanki na Musamman na Tattalin Arziki na Musamman na 41 na murabba'in kilomita 654,715 (252,787 sq mi).

Tsibirin sune tsinkaye na Bahama Banks guda biyu na teku - Little Bahama Bank da Babban Bahama Bank. Matsayi mafi girma shine kawai mita 63 (207 feet) sama da matakin teku a tsibirin Cat; tsibirin New Providence, inda babban birnin Nassau yake, ya kai matsakaicin tsawo na mita talatin da bakwai kawai. Ƙasar a kan Bahamas tana da tushe na burbushin murjani, amma yawancin dutsen dutse ne mai laushi; dutsen ya samo asali ne daga rushewar coral reefs da shells. Ƙasar da farko tana da dutse ko kuma mangrove maras kyau. Ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta sun rufe yawancin yankin. Ana samun Pineyards a kan tsibirai huɗu na arewa: Grand Bahama, Great Abaco, New Providence, da Andros .  A wasu tsibirai na kudanci, ƙananan katako na wurare masu zafi suna bunƙasa. Kodayake wasu ƙasa suna da kyau sosai, kuma suna da ƙanƙanta sosai. Ana samun tabkuna kaɗan ne kawai da kogi ɗaya, wanda ke tsibirin Andros, a cikin Bahamas.

## Yanayi

Yanayin tsibirin Bahama galibi savanna ne na wurare masu zafi, tare da yanayi guda biyu, lokacin zafi da sanyi (lokacin datti) da bushewar hunturu (lokacin bushewa).

A lokacin rigar, wanda ya kai daga Mayu zuwa Oktoba, yanayin ya mamaye iska mai zafi, mai laushi na wurare masu zafi  yayin da Bermuda High ke kawo kwararar kudu maso gabas daga wurare masu zafi. Yanayin zafi na yau da kullun yana cikin  ° C (87.8 ° F), tare da yanayin zafi a cikin 75-77 ° F (23.9-25.0 ° C), yana haifar da yanayin zafi da tsibirin sultry. Takaitaccen tsawa amma mai ƙarfi ya zama ruwan dare tare da tsawa da walƙiya. A lokacin rigar, guguwa na wurare masu zafi da raunin wurare masu zafi na iya taimakawa ga ruwan sama na yanayi.

A cikin lokacin rani, wanda ya tashi daga Nuwamba zuwa Afrilu, babban koma baya na wurare masu zafi, da haɗuwa da bushewar iskar kasuwancin arewa maso gabas da ɓangarorin yamma na lokaci-lokaci suna saukowa daga yankin Arewacin Amurka suna tasiri ga Bahamas.  Rana, yanayin bushewa yana mamaye Bahamas a lokacin rani, kuma a wasu lokuta yanayin fari na iya yin tasiri ga noma da noma.  Babban yanayin zafi a lokacin rani yana cikin kewayon 25 ° C (77.0 °F).

Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara yana da matsakaicin 132 centimeters (52 in) kuma yawanci ana mai da hankali ne  Mayu-Yuni da Satumba-Oktoba. Ruwan sama sau da yawa yana faruwa a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, mai ƙarfi sosai, amma gajeren tsawa tare da iska mai ƙarfi, sannan ya koma sararin samaniya.

Iska tana yawan zuwa gabas a ko'ina cikin shekara amma tana yawan zama arewa maso gabas daga Oktoba zuwa Afrilu da kudu maso gabas ካብ Mayu zuwa Satumba. Wadannan iskõki ba sa wuce kilomita ashirin da hudu a kowace awa sai dai a lokacin guguwa. Kodayake lokacin guguwa a hukumance yana faruwa daga Yuni zuwa Nuwamba, yawancin guguwa ne a cikin Bahamas suna faruwa tsakanin Yuli da Oktoba. Guguwar da ta fi karfi a kasar ita ce Guguwar Andrew a shekarar 1992, har sai Guguwar Dorian ta fadi a shekarar 2019. An kiyasta lalacewar a dala miliyan 250 kuma galibi ya shafi kayan aikin gona.

Guguwar da ta fi kamari a Bahamas ita ce guguwar Dorian a shekarar 2019, tare da yin rikodin iskar da ta kai kilomita 355 a cikin sa'a (221 mph).  Mutane 84 ne suka mutu (74 daga cikinsu sun fito ne daga Bahamas), kuma an yi mummunar barna a gine-gine, gidaje, da jiragen ruwa, kuma wani lokaci an lalata su.  Ƙididdiga na farko na lalacewa yana cikin kewayon dalar Amurka biliyan 7.

### Canjin yanayi
Canjin yanayi Canjin yanayi yana haifar da karuwar zafin jiki a cikin Bahamas.  Matsakaicin zafin jiki ya karu da kusan 0.5 °C tun daga shekarar 1960. Adadin yawan zafin jiki ya bambanta a kan lokaci, tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na Yuli kwanan nan yana ƙaruwa akan ƙimar 2.6 °C a cikin shekaru 100.  IPCC tana tsammanin matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekaru 20 na duniya zai wuce +1.5 °C a farkon 2030s..&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

Ana sa ran Bahamas za ta shafar hauhawar matakin teku saboda akalla kashi 80% na jimlar ƙasar tana ƙasa da mita 10 a tsawo. A matsayin karamin tsibirin da ke tasowa, Bahamas tana da rauni ga barkewar cututtuka, kuma canjin yanayi na iya shafar yanayin barkewar cututtukan cututtuka da yaduwar cututtaka.

Kodayake hayakin iskar gas na kasar yana da ɗan ƙarami (2.94 miliyan ton na iskar gas da aka fitar a cikin 2023),  Bahamas ta dogara da man fetur da aka shigo da shi don samar da makamashi.  Gwamnati na shirin kara karfin Hasken rana zuwa kashi 30% na jimlar samar da makamashi na kasar nan da shekara ta 2033. Bahamas ta yi alkawarin rage hayakin ta da kashi 30% nan da shekara ta 2030, idan an sami tallafin kasa da kasa.

## Yanayin ƙasa

### Wurin da yake

Tekun Atlantika, tsibirai masu sarkar a Tekun Atlantika ta Arewa, kudu maso gabashin Florida, arewa maso gabashin Cuba da arewa maso yammacin Tsibirin Turks da Caicos.

**Yanayin ƙasa (babban birnin [[Nassau]]):** 25°4′N 77°20′W

### Yankin

* jimlar: 13,880 km2&nbsp;

: *kwatanta gundumar da duniya:* 161

* ƙasa: murabba'in mil 3865; 10,010 km2&nbsp;
* ruwa: 3,870 km2&nbsp;

#### Yankin kwatankwacin

* Kwatanta Australia: sau 6 ya fi girma fiye da Babban Birnin Australiya
* Kwatanta Kanada: dan kadan fiye da sau biyu girman Tsibirin Prince Edward
* Poland kwatankwacin: dan kadan karami fiye da Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
* Kwatanta United Kingdom: dan kadan karami fiye da Arewacin Ireland
* Kwatanta Amurka: dan kadan karami fiye da Connecticut
* Kwatanta Faransa: dan kadan ya fi Île-de-France girmaTsibirin Faransa
* Kwatanta Philippines: dan kadan ya fi girma fiye da Yankin Ilocos
* Kwatanta Jamus: dan kadan karami fiye da Schleswig-Holstein
* Kasar Rasha: dan kadan karami fiye da Jamhuriyar Karachay-Cherkess
* Idan aka kwatanta da Indonesia: dan kadan karami fiye da Arewacin Sulawesi
* Idan aka kwatanta da Ivory Coast: dan kadan karami fiye da Gundumar Comoé

### Ƙasar

#### Albarkatun halitta

* gishiri, dutse, katako, ƙasar nomaƙasa mai noma

#### Amfani da ƙasa

* ƙasar noma: 0.8%
* amfanin gona na dindindin: 0.04%
* wasu: 98.8% (2012) 

#### Yankin bakin teku

* 
* Wani bincike na nesa na duniya na baya-bayan nan ya ba da shawarar cewa akwai 1,354 km2 na filayen ruwa a cikin Bahamas, yana mai da shi ƙasa ta 24 dangane da yankin filayen ruwa.&nbsp;

#### Yankin teku

* 

#### Yankin

* Yankin ya kunshi tsawo, shimfidar murjani tare da wasu ƙananan tuddai.

#### Abubuwa masu tsanani

* Yankin arewacin - Walker's Cay, Tsibirin Abaco
* Yankin kudu - Matthew Town Babban tsibirin Inagua
* Yammacin Yamma - Elbow Cays, Bimini
* Yankin gabas - Tsibirin Mayaguana
* Matsayi mafi ƙasƙanci - Tekun Atlantika 0 m
* Matsayi mafi tsawo - Dutsen Alvernia: 63 m
* Matsayi mafi kusa da Cuba - Cay Lobos 22.5 km (14 mi) &nbsp;&nbsp;

#### Ƙasar da ake ban ruwa

* 10 km2 (2003) &nbsp;

#### Jimlar albarkatun ruwa masu sabuntawa

* 0.02 km3 (2011) &nbsp;

A matsayinta na Tsibirin tsibirai, Bahamas ta ƙunshi tsibirai da yawa, rairayin bakin teku, ƙuƙwalwa, ramuka masu launin shudi, da sauran siffofi. Dutsen da ya fi tsayi shine Dutsen Alvernia, a kawai 207 feet sama da matakin teku. Shahararrun ruwa sun hada da Dean's Blue Hole, Lake Rosa, da Kogin Goose. Bahamas kuma tana dauke da koguna da yawa.

### Muhalli

#### dazuzzuka
A cikin gandun daji na Bahamas yana da kusan 51% na jimlar yankin ƙasa, daidai da hekta 509,860 (ha) na gandun daji a cikin 2020, wanda bai canza ba daga 1990. A cikin 2020, gandun daji mai sabuntawa ya rufe hekta 509,860 (ha) kuma gandun daji da aka dasa ya rufe hekita 0 (ha). Daga cikin gandun daji mai sabuntawa na halitta an ruwaito 0% a matsayin gandun daji na farko (wanda ya ƙunshi nau'ikan bishiyoyi na asali ba tare da alamun bayyanar ayyukan ɗan adam ba) kuma kusan 0% na yankin gandun daji an samo shi a cikin wuraren da aka kiyaye. A shekara ta 2015, an ruwaito kashi 80% na yankin gandun daji a ƙarƙashin mallakar jama'a, kashi 20% mallakar masu zaman kansu da 0% tare da mallakar da aka jera a matsayin wani ko ba a sani ba.

#### Haɗarin Halitta

* Guguwa da sauran guguwa na wurare masu zafi waɗanda ke haifar da ambaliyar ruwa da lalacewar iska

#### Muhalli - Batutuwan yanzu

* Rushewar coral reef
* Rashin sharar gida

#### Muhalli - Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa
Jam'iyyar da ke cikin waɗannan yarjejeniyoyi:

* Biodiversity, Canjin Yanayi, Canjin Canjin Yanayin Yanayi-Yarjejeniyar Kyoto, Yaduwa, Dabbobi masu haɗari, Kashewa masu haɗari.

#### Yanayin ƙasa - bayanin kula

* Bahamas tana kusa da Amurka da Cuba (Cay Confites zuwa mil 14).
* Bahamas babban tsibiri ne wanda ke zaune a tsibirai 30.

## Manazarta