Georgina Mace

**Dame Georgina Mary Mace**, DBE, FRS  (12 ga Yulin 1953 - 19 ga Satumba 2020)   ta kasance masanin ilimin muhalli na Burtaniya kuma masanin kimiyyar kiyayewa. Ta kasance Farfesa a fannin halittu da halittu a Kwalejin Jami'ar London, kuma a baya Farfesa a Kimiyyar Kare Muhalli da Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Muhalli ta Halitta (NERC) Cibiyar Nazaren Halitta, Kwalejin Imperial London (2006-2012)  da Daraktocin Kimiyya a Zoological Society of London (2000-2006).   

## Ilimi
Georgina Mace was born in Lewisham borough of London. Her father was Dr. Bill Mace, a rheumatologist, and her mother was Josephine Mace, a nurse. and educated at the City of London School for Girls before studying at the University of Liverpool where she was awarded a Bachelor of Science degree in 1976. She was awarded a PhD on the evolutionary ecology of small mammals in 1979 from the University of Sussex for research supervised by Paul H. Harvey.&#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Bincike da aiki
Binciken da take so yafi shafi auna yanayin da sakamakon asarar halittu da canjin yanayin halittu. Ta fara aikinta a Cibiyar Smithsonian don nazarin tasirin inbreeding a cikin tarin dabbobi. Mace ya ci gaba da wannan aikin kuma ya ci gaba leken asiri game da yanayin muhalli ta hanyar nazarin yawan jama'a a cikin gidajen namun daji. Mace ya yi sharhi cewa "Yana da ban sha'awa don ba da gudummawar kimiyya ga kiyayewa" [1]

Ta kasance Shugabar Ƙungiyar Muhalli ta Burtaniya,  Shugabar Society for Conservation Biology, memba na Kwamitin Kimiyya na Diversitas . Mace ya kasance editan Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society (Series B, Biological Sciences) daga 2008 zuwa 2010.

A shekara ta 2000, Mace ta zama Darakta na Kimiyya a Cibiyar Zoology a London, a lokacin da ta taimaka wajen bunkasa ka'idojin lissafin jinsuna a cikin IUCN, mafi yawan kayan aiki game da matsayin kiyayewa na kiyaye jinsuna duniya wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kula da bambancin halittu na duniya da kuma IUCN ke sarrafawa. Kafin waɗannan canje-canje, Red List ya dogara ne akan gabatarwa daga masana maimakon bayanai, canje-canjen da Mace da abokan aikinta suka haifar sun ɗauki shekaru 10 don IUCN ta aiwatar da su. Yawancin wallafe-wallafen Red List na Yankin yanzu suna ƙara dogara ne akan ma'auni iri ɗaya, wanda ke da alaƙa da canjin yanayi da sauran abubuwan muhalli wajen ƙayyade barazanar halaka. Tun daga shekara ta 2002 ita da abokan aikinta sun yi aiki don kafa hanyoyin kimanta bambancin halittu da Ayyukan yanayin halittu da take bayarwa, da canje-canje a cikin bambancin halittukan halittu waɗanda aka auna su ta hanyar Red List Index.

Mace ya kuma shiga cikin sassan halittu masu yawa na "Millennium Ecosystem Assessment" wanda aka gudanar daga 2002 zuwa 2005. Mace ya bayyana cewa "duk shaidar da ta gabata ita ce lokacin da al'ummomi suka sanya hankalinsu don warware matsala, za su iya yin hakan gaba ɗaya".

A shekara ta 2006, Mace ya zama darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Muhalli ta Kwalejin Imperial a Silwood Park. Bayan 2012 Mace ya yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Biodiversity da Muhalli (CBER)  a Kwalejin Jami'ar London. Ta kuma kasance Edita ce ta Ilimi ta PLOS Biology, mujallar budewa ta yanar gizo kuma tana tallafawa manufofin budewa ga wallafe-wallafen kimiyya.

A cikin 2018, an nada Mace a matsayin memba na Kwamitin Adaptation na Kwamitin Canjin yanayi, yana ba da shawara ga Burtaniya da gwamnatoci game da ci gaban da aka yi a shirye-shiryen da daidaitawa da tasirin canjin yanayi.

## Daraja da kyaututtuka
An nada Mace a matsayin Jami'in Order of the British Empire (OBE) a shekarar 1998,  Kwamandan Order of the Birtaniya Empire (CBE) a shekarar 2007 don hidimomi ga kimiyyar muhalli, da Dame Kwamandan Order na British Empire (DBE) a cikin 2016 New Year Honours don hidimomin kimiyya. 

An zabi Mace a matsayin Fellow na Royal Society (FRS) a shekara ta 2002.  A watan Yulin 2007 an ba ta lambar yabo ta Doctor of Science daga Jami'ar Sussex saboda aikinta a kan bambancin halittu,  sannan kuma wani Doctorate Honoris Causa, daga Jami'an Lausanne, Switzerland, a cikin 2018. Ita ce ta lashe Kyautar Cosmos ta Duniya ta 2007. A shekara ta 2011 ta sami lambar yabo ta Ernst Haeckel ta Tarayyar Muhalli ta Turai. A cikin 2016 Mace ya lashe kyautar Dr A.H. Heineken don Kimiyya ta Muhalli.  A shekara ta 2016 an kuma ba ta lambar yabo, tare da Sandra Knapp, lambar yabo ta Linnean ta Linnean Society 

Ta sami lambar yabo ta Shugaban kasa daga British Ecological Society,  da kuma 2018 BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award a cikin rukunin Ecology da Conservation Biology, tare da Gretchen Daily, don haɓaka mahimman kayan aiki da ke sauƙaƙe manufofin kimiyya "don yaki da asarar jinsuna".

An sanya wa tsohuwar shinkafa *Megalomys georginae* daga Barbados suna bayan ta.

## Manazarta