Scipio Vaughan

**Scipio Vaughan** (1784 – 1840) ɗan Ba’amurke ɗan kasuwa ne kuma bawawanda ya zaburar da motsin " komawa Afirka " a tsakanin wasu zuriyarsa don haɗa tushensu a Afirka,musamman Yarbawa na Yammacin Afirka a farkon 19th.karni.Bayan samun 'yancinsa,ya shafe ƙarshen rayuwarsa a Amurka kuma ya fara motsi tare da danginsa na kusa a lokacinsa na ƙarshe.Yawancin zuriyar Scipio sun watse a cikin nahiyoyi uku inda galibinsu suke rayuwa ko kuma suke rayuwa,banda taron dangi na lokaci-lokaci,wanda ya haɗa da mutane daga Najeriya,Saliyo,Laberiya,Ghana da Tanzaniya a Afirka;Jamaica da Barbados a cikin Caribbean;Amurka da Kanada a Arewacin Amirka; da Ingila a Turai.

## Rayuwar farko da aiki
An haifi Scipio a matsayin Omoba a shekarar 1784 a masarautar Owu ta Abeokuta a kasar Yarbawa.’Yan kasuwan bayi na Turawa ne suka kama shi a shekara ta 1805 aka ɗauke shi tare da sauran bayi da aka kama zuwa Kasuwar bayi ta Velekete da ke Badagry, ɗaya daga cikin tashar bayi ta Najeriya,daga nan aka tura shi cikin jirgin bayi zuwa Amurka kuma aka ɗauke shi zuwa ƙasa.zuwa Camden,kimanin mil 30 arewa maso gabashin Columbia, South Carolina zuwa Charleston, South Carolina, Amurka.A can aka sayar da shi a matsayin bawa ga wani farar fata, Wiley Vaughan kuma aka kawo shi ya zauna a Camden.Kamar yadda al’adar nan ta ke, ya dauki sunan ubangidansa ban da sunansa da aka ba shi; Scipio, kamar yadda *Scipio Vaughan*.Scipio ya ƙware sosai a matsayin ɗan kasuwan ƙarfe wanda ya kafa suna a yankin a matsayin ƙwararren ƙwararren masani don aikin sa na kera ƙofofin ƙarfe da shinge.Sakamakon kyaututtukansa na musamman,ubangidansa Wiley Vaughan ya daraja shi har ya ba shi ’yancinsa,da kayan aikinsa, da dala ɗari kamar yadda aka faɗa a cikin wasiyyarsa bayan mutuwarsa.A cikin 1827,Scipio Vaughan ya zama mutum mai 'yanci kuma ya kasance ɗaya har tsawon rayuwarsa.

## Aure da yara
A 1815,Scipio ya auri Maria Theresa Louisa Matilda Conway.'Yar asalin Amurkawa,ita ce 'yar Bonds Conway ta biyu. An haifi Bonds Conway a Virginia,ya zo Camden daga Virginia a matsayin bawan jikin Maigidansa Peter Conway. Shi ne kuma baƙar fata na farko na Camden kuma ɗan kasuwa mai nasara kuma mai mallakar filaye.Scipio Vaughan da Maria Theresa Louisa Matilda Conway sun haifa kuma sun yi renon yara 9; 'ya'ya mata 7 da maza 2.An haife su duka a Kudancin Carolina,wato: Burrell Churchill Vaughan a cikin 1816;Elizabeth Margaret Hall a shekara ta 1818; Kitty Ann Hammond a cikin 1820; Nancy Carter Vaughan a shekara ta 1822; Sarah Ann Vaughan a shekara ta 1825; James Churchill Vaughan a shekara ta 1828; Harriet Amanda a cikin 1829; Maria Virginia Vaughan a 1832 da Mary Elizabeth Vaughan Mac Laughlin a 1838.A farkon 1800s,Conway ya zama mai cin nasara mai mallakar ƙasa a Camden.Ɗaya daga cikin kadarorinsa sun haɗa da "ƙananan gidan irin na Charleston,"wanda aka mayar da shi zuwa tsohuwar yanayinsa.

## Harkar "Back-to-Africa", zuriya da gado
A kan mutuwarsa a shekara ta 1840,Scipio ya gaya wa 'ya'yansa su koma ƙasarsa ta Yarabawa a Afirka.Zai yiwu Scipio ya ƙudura don sake mayar da sakamakon cinikin bayi na Atlantika,ta hanyar wasu daga cikin danginsa ta hanyar sake gina tushensu a Afirka don dawo da wasu daga cikin mutuncinsu,girman kai,dukiya,iko da tsaro.Don biyan bukatar mahaifinsu na ƙarshe,James Churchill Vaughan,ɗan shekara 24 a lokacin,da ƙanensa Burrell Vaughan, sun yi rajista tare da {ungiyar Mulkin Mallaka ta Amirka a matsayin ƙaura zuwa Laberiya.Sun bar Camden a cikin 1852 a ƙoƙarin tserewa daga dokokin zalunci akan maza masu launi kuma suka tashi zuwa Laberiya a 1853.A can,sun fara sabuwar rayuwa kuma ba da daɗewa ba James Churchill Vaughan ya zama sananne.

Sai dai bayan isa kasar Laberiya, ba su dade da sasantawa ba.Sun zauna a wurin na tsawon shekaru biyu kafin su karɓi aikin yi don su tafi tare da Thomas Jefferson Bowen, Mai Wa’azin Mulki na Kudancin Baftisma da matarsa zuwa Ƙasar Yarbawa a 1855 don yaɗa addinin Baptist. Sun zo Najeriya a 1854  kuma sun isa Ijaye don yin aikin gini a 1855.A lokacin mummunan yakin Ibadan-Ijaye, James an kama shi.Ya tsere,ya fake a Abeokuta kuma ya yi aikin harbin soja.Bayan an kori mishan daga Abeokuta a shekara ta 1867, shi da wasu Kiristoci 'yan gudun hijira suka sake zama a Legas,inda ya gina sana'ar kayan masarufi kuma ya rene iyalinsa.Ya zama daya daga cikin jiga-jigan Legas,kuma ya kasance hamshakin mai kudi da wadata.Ya kuma jagoranci tawaye ga turawan mishan,a cikin 1880s,yana taimakawa wajen kafa cocin Ebenezer Baptist Church,cocin 'yan asali na farko da mai zaman kanta a yammacin Afirka a 1888,wanda ke a 50a,Campbell Street,Lagos Island.

## Manazarta