open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Lusala

***Lusala*** fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Kenya na 2019 wanda Silas Miami, Wanjeri Gakuru da Oprah Oyugi suka rubuta, kuma Mugambi Nthiga ne ya ba da umarni a karon farko na darakta. Tauraron fim din Brian Ogola, Alyce Wangari, Stycie Waweru, Mkamzee Mwatela da Alan Oyugi a cikin manyan matsayi. Fim din ya samo asali ne daga rayuwar wani saurayi mai shekaru 22 Lusala, wanda aka kama tsakanin matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwarsa da ƙaunar ɗan'uwansa. Fim din  fara fitowa a Kenya a ranar 6 ga Yuni 2019 a lokacin bikin fina-finai na NBO kuma an nuna shi a wasu bukukuwan fina-fakka na kasa da kasa.

## Ƴan wasa

* Brian Ogola a matsayin Lusala
* Alyce Wangari a matsayin Joma
* Stycie Waweru a matsayin Bakhita
* Mkamzee Mwatela a matsayin Beatrice
* Alan Oyugi a matsayin Onesmus
* Eddy Kimani a matsayin Max
* Charlie Karumi a matsayin mai daukar hoto
* Githinji mai kyau
* Gitura Kamau a matsayin mai tuhuma

## Bayani game da shi
Lusala, wani saurayi wanda aka ceto daga mahaifinsa mai shaye-shaye kuma ya koma tare da dangi mai arziki a babban birnin Kenya, Nairobi. Kakansa Onesmus da kawunsa Beatrice sun karbe shi daga yankunan karkara na Kenya kimanin shekaru goma sha biyu da suka gabata. Sun yi renonsa tare da 'yarsu guda Joma. Da zarar Beatrice ta fahimci ƙaunar 'yar'uwar Lusala ga Joma, sai ta nemi mijinta ya jagoranta Lusala don fara rayuwa da kansa. Ba da daɗewa ba Lusala ya sami aiki kuma ya koma wani gida a Nairobi kusa da wurin aikinsa tare da taimakon kawunsa. Abubuwa sun juya  sauri yayin da ƙanwar Lusala Bakhita wacce ke cikin makarantar kwana ta ƙidaya filin da Lusala ke zaune.

## Fitarwa
Daraktan fim din  fara zama darektan ta hanyar wannan aikin, ya koma Kenya bayan ya shiga Film Academy Baden-Württemberg na ɗan gajeren lokaci na watanni biyar. Kamfanin samar  fina-finai na Jamus One Fine Day Films da Ginger Ink Films Africa ne suka hada kai.  Ma'aikatar Tarayyar Jamus ta Harkokin Tattalin Arziki da Ci Gaban ta kuma ba da kuɗin aikin.

## Saki
fara fitar da fim din ne a ranar 6 ga Yuni 2019 a karo na 3 na bikin fina-finai na Nairobi kuma an buɗe shi ga bita mai kyau daga masu sukar. An kuma zaɓi fim ɗin don a fara nuna shi a wasu bukukuwan fina-finai.  kuma gabatar da shi a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Rotterdam a ranar 27 ga watan Janairun 2020 kuma an gabatar da shi ne a bikin fina'a na Göteborg a Sweden a ranar 31 ga watan Janairu 2020.

kuma nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film Festival a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2020 kuma an zaba shi don a fara gabatar da shi a bikin fim na Montreal International Black Film Festival da aka yi a watan Satumbar 2020.    kuma nuna fim din a bikin fina-finai na Durban na shekarar 2020.  kuma watsa shi ta hanyar Showmax a ranar 17 ga Disamba 2020.

## Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa
Fim din ya kuma sami kyaututtuka da gabatarwa da yawa a bukukuwan fina-finai na kasa da kasa.  watan Nuwamba 2020, fim din ya lashe kyautar Rimbaud a bikin Les Rimbaud du Cinéma wanda aka gudanar a mafi tsufa a duniya a Faransa.

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* LusalaaIMDb
Uhlanga the Mark

Uhlanga the Mark wanda aka fi sani da Uhlanga: The Mark fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Afirka ta Kudu na 2012 wanda aka samar, wanda marubucin da ya lashe lambar yabo Ndaba Ka Ngwane ya jagoranta a karon farko na darakta.  Tauraron fim din Sbo  Poet, Thuli Mhlongo da kuma DJ Linda Sibiya wanda ya lashe lambar yabo a karon farko a matsayin jagora. Khulekani Zondi ne ya zira kwallaye na fim din wanda kuma ya kula da fim da gyare-gyare. Taken fim din ya dogara ne akan tashin hankali da talauci a yankunan karkara a Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani. An yi fim din ne tare da kasafin kuɗi kuma an sake shi a ranar 15 ga Yulin 2012.  sami yabo mai mahimmanci daga masu sukar saboda rubutun sa, tasirin gani da fim. An kuma gabatar da fim din a bukukuwan fina-finai da yawa na kasa da kasa a Afirka ta Kudu, Burtaniya, Italiya da Jamus. Fim din  lashe kyaututtuka da gabatarwa da yawa a bukukuwan fina-finai na kasa da kasa.

## Ƴan Wasa

* Sbo Da Poet a matsayin Khaba Mkhize
* Thuli Mhlongo a matsayin Nokuthula Khumalo
* Linda Sibiya a matsayin Mandla Thabete
* Nomfundo Dubazana a matsayin Prudence Ngwenya

## Bayani game da fim
Fim din ya bayyana labarin game da wani yaro dan shekara tara wanda rayuwarsa ta zama bala'i bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa.

## Labarin fim
Khaba Mkhize (Sbo Da Poet) ƙaramin yaro ne tare da mahaifiyarsa da 'yan uwanta mata, waɗanda dole ne su gaggauta zuwa sabon gidan da aka gina bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa. An zalunta shi kuma an nuna masa wariya a makaranta, Khaba ta sami wata yarjejeniya da ba za a iya tsammani ba tare da Nokuthula Khumalo (Thuli Mhlango), yarinya mai shekaru 17 daga rijiyar yin iyali wanda a zahiri ke ɓoye sirrin kansa mai duhu. Mandla Thabete (Linda Sibiya) ya fara ne a kasa daga jerin abinci a matsayin manomi mai biyan kuɗi mai ƙarancin sukari wanda ya rasa aikinsa amma ya nuna ƙarfinsa ta hanyar magance matsalolin da yake fuskanta.  rana, dukkan matasa uku sun hadu tare kuma sun kafa kawance.

## Karɓuwa mai mahimmanci
An zaɓi fim ɗin a matsayin fim na buɗewa a bikin fina-finai na Afirka a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2012. An nuna fim din a bikin fina-finai na Durban na 2012 a ranar 31 ga Mayu kuma an fara fitar da shi a Burtaniya, Italiya da Jamus a watan Oktoba na 2012. 

An kuma nuna fim din a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Glasgow a ranar 28 ga Oktoba 2012. 

## Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa
An zabi fim din a cikin rukuni biyar a 2013 Africa Movie Academy Awards kuma ya lashe kyautar mafi kyawun Cinematography . Bugu da kari, fim din ya lashe kyaututtuka biyar a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Zanzibar na 2012 ciki har da lambar yabo ta Golden Dhow, lambar yabo ta Ousmane Sembene, lambar yabo na Verona da lambar yabo na kasa da Kasa ta Signis . 

## Manazarta
The Marshal of Finland

***Marshal of Finland*** fim ne na Finnish-Kenyan wanda ya danganci rayuwar Marshal Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim . Yleisradio ce ta samar da fim din tare da hadin gwiwar Savane Productions da Filmistuudio Kalevipojad . Wani dan kasar Kenya Gilbert Lukalia ne ya ba da umarnin. Fim din ya fara fitowa ne a bikin fina-finai na Helsinki International Love & Anarchy a ranar 28 ga Satumba 2012.

## Labarin fim
Labarin fim din ya mayar da hankali kan rayuwar sirri ta Mannerheim daga 1905&#x2D;. Yana ba da labari game da auren da ya gaza tare da Anastasia Arapova, da kuma soyayya da Kitty Linder bayan Yaƙin basasar Finland . A cewar Gilbert Lukalian, "Labari ne na duniya game da mutumin da ke da wahalar sulhunta rayuwar iyali da aiki".

## Ƴan wasa

* Telley Savalas Otieno a matsayin Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim
* Beatrice Wangui a matsayin Anastasia Arapova

## Fitarwa
A cikin hunturu na 2012 Yle ta ba da rahoton fim din Mannerheim mai zuwa, wanda zai zama samar da kasa da kasa. Bayanan fim din da ake yin fim a wata kasa ta waje sun zama sananne ga jama'a, kafin Yle ta sami lokacin shirya taron manema labarai a ranar 16 ga Agusta, 2012.

Erkko Lyytinen ya sami ra'ayin fim din a Kenya daga wani mai gabatar da fim din Estonia Ken Saan . Saan ya tambayi daga Lyytinen idan yana da wani aikin da za a iya yin fim a Kenya. A cewar Lyytinen, bangaren Saan a samarwa babban nasara ne na fim din. Wani rukuni na aiki na Kenya ne ya rubuta rubutun. Yle ta ba marubutan abubuwan da suka dace, amma kungiyar ta kirkiro hoton Mannerheim da kansu. Da farko fim din zai zama fim din yaki, amma ya zama fim din tarihin rayuwa, saboda yana da wuyar harba wuraren yaƙi a mummunan yanayi.

An harbe fim din a kusa da Nairobi a watan Mayu da Yuni. An zabi Gilbert Lukalia ya zama darektan fim din a cikin sa'o'i 12 kawai kafin fara yin fim. Sun kuma yi wani shirin fim na kashi shida na yin fim din da ake kira Operation Mannerheim, wanda ya kai kimanin € 100,000-150,000, duk da cewa fim din da kansa ya kai € 20,000 kawai.

## Karɓuwa

### Stir kafin gabatarwa
Fim din ya haifar da muhawara har ma kafin a buga shi. Kafofin yada labarai na Finland sun tayar da tashin hankali game da wani dan wasan baƙar fata da ke yin Mannerheim. Mai gabatarwa Markus Selin ya ce fim din "spoofing" ne, kuma darektan Matti Kassila ya yi mamakin dalilin da ya sa Yle ta ba da lasisi don bayanin. Jörn Donner ya yi imanin cewa fim din "ƙaryaci ne", kuma ya ce Yle na kokarin samun kudi a kan sunan Marshal.

## Haɗin waje

*   
*
The Wound (film)

***Raunin*** (Xhosa:    Fim  na wasan kwaikwayo na Afirka ta Kudu na 2017 wanda John Trengove ya jagoranta.  nuna shi a gasar cin kofin fina-finai ta duniya a bikin fina-fukkuna na Sundance na 2017 da kuma sashin Panorama na bikin fina-fukki na duniya na Berlin na 67.Fim din  buɗe bikin fina-finai na LGBT na Tel Aviv na 2017.  zaba shi a matsayin shigarwar Afirka ta Kudu don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen Waje a 90th Academy Awards,  yana yin gajeren jerin Disamba.

## Labarin fim
Labarin  bi hanyar dangantaka tsakanin maza biyu a cikin mahallin al'adar farawar Xhosa na Ulwaluko .  Xolani, ma'aikacin ma'aikata, ya haɗu da mazajen al'ummarsa a bikin shekara-shekara a tsaunuka na Gabashin Cape. Baya ga aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga masu farawa, Xolani yana sa ran taron yayin da yake ba shi damar sake kafa dangantakar jima'i da soyayya da Vija. Lokacin da aka sanya Xolani ya zama mai ba da shawara ga Kwanda, wani saurayi daga Johannesburg, nan da nan ya fahimci cewa Kwanda ma ɗan luwaɗi ne, kuma nan da nan Kwanda ya fahimci yanayin dangantakar da ke tsakanin Vija da Xolani.  da daɗewa ba tashin hankali ya fito tsakanin ukun.

## Ƴan Wasa

* Nakhane a matsayin Xolani
* Bongile Mantsai a matsayin Vija
* Niza Jay Ncoyini a matsayin Kwanda
* Siphosethu "Seth Singer" Ngcetane a matsayin Nkosi
* Loyiso Lloyd N Ngqayana a matsayin Vija's Initiate
* Sibabalwe Esbie Ngqayana a matsayin Zuko
* Halalisani Bradley Cebekhulu a matsayin Lukas
* Inga Qwede a matsayin Ncedo

## Fitarwa
Wahayi zuwa  The Wound ya zo ne bayan darektan John Trengove ya karanta A Man Who is Not a Man, wani labari na Thando Mgqolozana a kan batun bikin farawa na Xhosa. Trengove  so ya kalubalanci ra'ayin cewa luwadi samfurin al'adun yamma ne wanda ya haifar da barazana ga al'adun gargajiya na Afirka. Fim din  sami tallafi daga Gidauniyar Fim da Bidiyo ta Kasa.  tuntubi masana al'adu don tabbatar da sahihancin kayan.

## Karɓuwa
A kan mai tarawa na Rotten Tomatoes, fim din yana da amincewar amincewa na 89%, bisa ga sake dubawa 44 tare da matsakaicin matsayi na 7.3/10. Shafin yanar gizon ya karanta, "The Wound yana amfani da rikitarwa, labarin da ya dace a matsayin ingantaccen bincike na tunani game da ƙarfin ɗan adam. "  Metacritic ya ba fim ɗin matsakaicin matsakaicin maki 80 daga 100, bisa ga masu sukar 14, yana nuna " sake dubawa mai kyau". 

### Yabo
*Inseba* ta sami kyaututtuka 19 a bukukuwa 44 a duk duniya; ta sami kyaututtukan fina-finai da talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu (SAFTA) guda takwas kuma ta lashe biyar ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim, Mafi Kyawun Actor a cikin Fim, mafi Kyawun Aiki a cikin Gudanarwa a cikin Finai, da Mafi Kyawu a cikin Gyara a cikin F fim ɗin Fim  kuma an jera shi a cikin Oscar a cikin Mafi Kyawun Harshen Harshen Harshe

## Manazarta
Barney Barnato (TV series)

Barney Barnato wani karamin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin ne wanda ya danganci rayuwar mashahurin ma'adinai na lu'u-lu'u na Burtaniya Barney Barnato . An samar da shi a Afirka ta Kudu, Jamus ta Yamma, da Ingila.  fara nuna shi a talabijin a Afirka ta Kudu ta Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Afirka ta Kudu a ranar 9 ga Afrilu 1990. 

## Labarin fim
Wani matashi kuma matalauta Barney Barnato ya yi hijira daga Ingila zuwa Afirka ta Kudu a 1870. A can ne ya fara aiki a wasan motsa jiki kuma ya ƙaunaci kuma daga baya ya auri Fanny. Barnato mai martaba yana amfani da basirarsa ta kasuwanci don kafa kansa a cikin duniyar kasuwanci ta hakar lu'u-lu'u da kasuwanci a Kimberley. Sau da yawa yana ƙetare hanyoyi tare da Cecil Rhodes mai girman kai. A wannan lokacin ya zama daya daga cikin masu arziki a Daular Burtaniya. Dole ne ya kare kansa da dukiyarsa daga masu fafatawa da yawa. Lokacin da Barnato ya yi adawa da Rhodes (yanzu Firayim Minista na Cape Colony) a kokarinsa na fara yaƙi da Jamhuriyar Boer Barnato ya zama wanda aka azabtar da wani makirci da ya shafi daya daga cikin 'yan uwansa. Jerin  ƙare tare da Barnato da aka jefa a cikin jirgin ruwa kuma an nuna mutuwarsa ga jama'a a matsayin kashe kansa.

## Ƴan Wasa

* Sean Taylor a matsayin Barney Barnato
* Graham Hopkins a matsayin Cecil John Rhodes
* Vinette Ebrahim a matsayin Fanny Bees
* Richard Cox a matsayin Harry Barnato
* Amadeus August a matsayin Schneider
* Manfred Seipold a matsayin Mista Sonnenberg
* Claudia Demarmels a matsayin Mrs. Schneider
* Fiona Ramsay a matsayin Lily

## Manazarta
Traitors (fim)

Verraaiers (Turanci: Traitors) fim ne na Afirka ta Kudu na harshen Afrikaans wanda aka saki a shekarar 2013. Ya bayyana abin da ya faru a lokacin yakin Boer.

Paul Eilers shine darektan fim din. Gys de Villiers, Vilje Maritz da Andrew Thompson suna taka muhimmiyar rawa.

## Bayani game da fim

Wani jami'in Boer, ya yanke shawarar komawa gida don kare iyalinsa maimakon ci gaba da yin yaƙi a yaƙi. Wannan  shawara ya haifar da shi da 'ya'yansa maza da cin amana.  ila yau, ana amfani da almara na "Praying Mantis Bug" (Afrikaans: "Bidsprinkaan" / "Hotnotsgod") a cikin fim din a matsayin alamar ceto.   imani na gida, wannan kwari yana kawo sa'a mai kyau. Ƙarshen fim din yana da ban sha'awa.

## Duba kuma

* Boers
* 'Yan Afirka

## Bayanan littattafai

* Verraaiers (Traitors), Spling, Ranar Samun dama: 16 ga Mayu 2022
* Fim din Afirka ta Kudu a mafi zurfi, Bizcommunity, Daniel Dercksen, 22 Fabrairu 2013
* Kalubalanci Jarumin Boer na Tarihi Archetype a cikin Anglo-Boer War Short Films, Anna-Marie Jansen van Vuuren Jami'ar Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, IAFOR Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 3 - Fitowa 2 - Autumn 2018

## Manazarta
Mohammed Usman (General)

Manjo Janar **Mohammed Takuti Usman** hafsan sojan Najeriya ne, wanda shi ne Kwamandan runduna ta 81 ta sojojin Najeriya .

Ya kasance Kwamandan Rundunar Sojojin Najeriya daga Shekara ta 2019 zuwa shekara ta 2023, wanda shugaban ƙasa Muhammadu Buhari ya naɗa a ranar 4 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2019 domin maye gurbin kwamandan mai barin gado Birgediya Janar Umar Tama Musa.

Usman ya taɓa rike mukamin kwamandan Guards Brigade kuma Adjutant Commanding Officer na bataliya ta 177, ya rike shugaban ma’aikata a Brigade na kwamandoji uku a matsayin Kanar na tsawon shekaru huɗu.  

Ya kasance Shugaban Hulɗa da Sojoji a Hedikwatar Sojoji da ke Abuja kafin ya zama Kwamanda na 36 na Brigade na Guards.

## Manazarta
Yaren Day

**Day** yaren Adamawa ne na kudancin Chadi, mutane 50,000 ko fiye da haka suke magana a kudu maso gabas da Sarh . *Ethnologue* ya bayar da rahoton cewa yarukansa suna fahimtar juna, amma Blench (2004) ya lissafa *Ndanga, Njira, Yani, Takawa* a matsayin yare daban-daban.

wallafe-wallafen Pierre Nougayrol da bayanin filin Rana daga shekarun 1970 sun ƙunshi kusan duk abubuwan da ake da su akan Yaren Ranar.   

Güldemann (2018) ya lura cewa Rana tana da ƴan sifofi da sifofi da ƙamus waɗanda suka yi kama da Nijar da Kongo, don haka ba za a iya tantance su da tabbaci ba.

## Fassarar sauti

Akwai sautuna guda uku: babba, ƙananan, da tsakiya. 

## Lexicon
Wasu sunayen kifi a cikin Rana: 

Sauran sunayen dabbobi:

* kòŋní ʔólò ( *Pila wernei* ), a gastropod

 Sunayen shuka a Rana: 

## Nassoshi
Harsunan Bambuki

Harsunan **Bambukic** a.k.a. **Trans-Benue** ko **Yungur–Jen** sun samar da reshe na wucin gadi na harsunan Savanna na wucin gadi, wani ragi na reshen Waja–Jen na tsohuwar dangin harsunan Adamawa (G7, G9, G10). Ana magana da su a arewa maso gabashin Najeriya . Güldemann bai yarda da haɗin kai ba (2018). 

Bennett (1983) ya kuma ba da shawarar ƙungiyar *Trans-Benue* da ta ƙunshi Burak-Jen (watau Bikwin-Jen ), Yungur (watau Bena-Mboi ) da ƙungiyoyin Rukunin Tula - Longuda . 

## Harsuna
Blench (2006) ƙungiyoyin Yungur (G7), Bikwin–Jen (G9), da Longuda (G10) harsuna tare a cikin wani babban ci gaba na harshen Gur – Adamawa . 

* **Bikwin – Jen**
** **Jen** : Dza (Jen), Mingang Doso, Tha, Joole
** **Bikwin** : Burak – Loo, Mághdì, Mak, Moo (Gomu) – Leelau (Bikwin) – Kyak (Bambuka)
* *[[Harshen Longuda|Longuda]]*
* **Yungur** (Bəna–Mboi)
** Kan (Libo)
** Mboi (Gəna, Banga, Handa)
** *Yungur–Roba* : Lala-Roba, Voro, Bəna

Kleinewillinghöfer (1996) ya lura da alaƙar harsunan Bikwin, waɗanda Greenberg ba su sani ba, tare da harsunan Jen. Ƙididdigar ƙasa tana bin Blench (2004). 

An yi tunanin harsunan Waja na wannan rukuni ne, amma yanzu an sanya su da harshen Kam . (Duba harsunan Adamawa .)

## Nassoshi

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Bikwin-Jen (Aikin Harsunan Adamawa)
* Ɓəna-Mboi (Yungur) group (Adamawa Languages Project)
* Bena-Yungur  (AdaGram)
Of Skin and Men

***Of Skin and Men*** () fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya da aka shirya shi a shekarar 2017 na Franco-Tunisiya wanda Mehdi Ben Atia ya ba da umarni kuma David Mathieu-Mahias da Mani Mortazavi suka shirya.  Fim ɗin ya haɗa da Hafsia Herzi tare da Raouf Ben Amor, Haythem Achour, da Sondos Belhassen a matsayin masu tallafawa.   Fim ɗin ya biyo bayan tatsuniyar matashiya Amel wacce ta yi kokarin samun ta'aziyya a daukar hoto bayan mutuwar mijinta ba zato ba tsammani, ta hanyar zabar baki daga kan tituna.  

An ɗauki fim ɗin ne a birnin Tunis na ƙasar Tunisia. Fim ɗin ya yi na farko a ranar 21 ga watan Fabrairu 2018 a Faransa.  Fim ɗin ya sami ra'ayi dabam-dabam daga masu suka.   A cikin shekarar 2017 a Warsaw International Film Festival, an zaɓi fim ɗin don lambar yabo ta Grand Prix a Gasar Duniya.

## 'Yan wasa

* Hafsia Herzi a matsayin Amel
* Raouf Ben Amor a matsayin Taïeb
* Haythem Achour a matsayin Sami, masoyin hankali na Amel
* Sondos Belhassen a matsayin Souad, matar Taïeb
* Karim Ait M'Hand a matsayin Rabah, matashin plebeen  Amel ne ya dauki hotonsa
* Oumayma Ben Hafsia a matsayin Kaouther
* Rochdi Belgasmi a matsayin Aïssa, saurayin Kaouther
* Abdelhamid Nawara a matsayin Mouldi, mai gyaran gashi da Amel ya ɗauki hoto
* Nasreddine Ben Maati a matsayin Kaïs
* Férid Boughedir a matsayin Moustapha
* Nawel Ben Kraiem a matsayin Lilia
* Ghanem Zrelli
* Samia Rhaiem
* Djaouida Vaughan

## Manazarta
Harsunan Bikwin-Jen

Harsunan **Bikwin-Jen** ko kuma kawai harsunan **Jen** sun zama reshe na dangin Adamawa . Ana magana da su a cikin da kewayen Karim Lamido LGA (a arewacin karamar hukumar Jalingo ) a jihar Taraba da sauran jihohin da ke kusa da gabashin Najeriya .

Mai yiwuwa Bikwin-Jen ba lallai ba ne ya zama ƙungiya mai haɗin kai. Saboda bambancin ciki na Bikwin-Jen, Guldemann (2018) ya nuna cewa Bikwin da Jen na iya kafa ƙungiyoyi daban-daban.

## Rabewa
Norton & Othaniel (2020) da Norton (2019) suna nufin Bikwin – Jen kawai kamar **Jen** . Kleinewillinghöfer (2015) yana amfani da sunan **Bikwin–Jen** .

### Kleinewillinghöfer (2015)
Kleinewillinghöfer (2015) ya rarraba ƙungiyar Bikwin-Jen kamar haka a cikin gidan yanar gizon Ayyukan Harsunan Adamawa. 

; Bikwin-Jen

* Bikwin
** Burak-Loo
*** Burak [ɓʋʋrak]
*** Loo [shʋŋɔ]
** Mak-Tal
*** Mak (LeeMak)
**** Panya
**** Zoo
*** Makwadi (Tala)
** Bikwin (daidai)
*** Leelau (Munga Leelau)
*** Mutum (Gomu)
*** Kyak (Bambuka)
* Jen (Janjo)
** Dza
*** Dza (bambance-bambancen gida)
*** Joole, Jaule
** Munga Doso
** Ta [A]

### Norton & Othaniel (2020)
Rarraba harsunan Jen ta Norton & Othaniel (2020): 
 
Sunayen yare, lambobin ISO, da sunan kansa na harsunan Jen (Norton & Othaniel 2020): 

Norton & Othaniel (2020) kuma sun sake gina kalmomi sama da 250 don Proto-Jen. 

### Norton (2019)
Rarraba Jen cluster bisa ga Norton (2019): 

* Jen
* Burka, Lo
* Magdi, LeeMak
* Kyak-Moo-LeeLau (Munga LeeLau)
* Tha (Joole Manga)
* Doso-Dza (Munga Doso; Dza-Joole)

Bambance-bambancen harshe waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyar Jen bisa ga Norton (2019): 

; Jen tari

* Burak
* Loo of Galdemaru and Waamura
* Magdi (Tala)
* Mak (LeeMak) na Panya da Zoo
* Kyãk (Bambuka)
* Mu (Gomu)
* LeeLau (Munga LeeLau)
* Munga Doso
* Dza (Jenjo) dan Joole
* Tha (Joole Manga)

## Sunaye da wurare
A ƙasa akwai jerin sunayen harshe, yawan jama'a, da wurare daga Blench (2019). 

## Nassoshi

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Bikwin-Jen (Aikin Harsunan Adamawa)
* Ɓəna-Mboi (Yungur) group (Adamawa Languages Project)
* Bena-Yungur  (AdaGram)
Harsunan Tula-Waja

Harsunan **Tula – Waja**, ko **Tula–Wiyaa** reshe ne na harsunan Savanna na wucin gadi, mafi kusa da Kam (Nyingwom), wanda ake magana a arewa maso gabashin Najeriya. Ana magana da su ne a yankin kudu maso gabashin jihar Gombe da sauran jihohin da ke makwabtaka da su.

An yi musu lakabi da "G1" a cikin shawarwarin dangin harshen Adamawa na Joseph Greenberg sannan daga baya aka sanya su a reshen Waja-Jen na wannan iyali.

Guldemann (2018) ya lura da bambance-bambancen ƙamus na ciki a cikin Tula-Waja, a wani ɓangare sakamakon tabo ta ƙara haɓaka canjin ƙamus.  Kodayake an rasa azuzuwan suna a Dadiya, Maa, da Yebu, Waja da Tula suna riƙe da tsarin ajin suna.  Kleinewillinghöfer (1996) kuma ya lura da kamanceceniya da yawa tsakanin harsunan Tula–Waja da Central Gur,  ra'ayi da Bennett (1983) da Bennett & Sterk (1977) suka raba.  

## Harsuna

* **Awak** : Awak (Yebu), Kamo
* **Cham–Mona** : Dijim-Bwilim, Tso
* *Dadiya*
* **Tula** : Bangwinji, Tula, Waja

## Rabewa
Ulrich Kleinewillinghöfer (2014), a cikin gidan yanar gizon Ayyukan Harsunan Adamawa, ya rarraba harsunan Tula–Waja kamar haka. Kleinewillinghöfer ya ɗauki Tso da Cham a matsayin rassan da suka bambanta a baya. Kleinewillinghöfer yana ɗaukar Waja a matsayin reshe na musamman, kodayake ainihin matsayinsa a cikin Tula-Waja har yanzu bai tabbata ba. 

; Tula – Waja

* Core Tula Group
** Tula
*** Kutule
**** Wani
**** Baule
*** Yiri (Yili)
** Dadiya (yanayin gida)
** Bangwinji
*** Kallo
*** Na'aba
* Yebu ( Awak ) (bambance-bambancen gida)
* Ma ( Kamo, Kamu)
* Cham
** Dijim of Kindiyo
** Bwilim (na Mɔna da Loojaa)
* Tso (Lotsu-Piri)
** Tso na Swaabou
** Tso na Bərbou
*** Tso na Gusubo
*** Tso na Luuzo
* Waja
** Waja of Wɩɩ (Wajan Kasa) (na gida variants)
** Waja of Deri (Wajan Dutse) (biyu variants)

## Sunaye da wurare
A ƙasa akwai jerin sunayen harshe, yawan jama'a, da wurare daga Blench (2019). 

## Nassoshi

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Harsunan Tula-Wiyaa - Blench
* Tula-Waja - Aikin Harsunan Adamawa
** Tula-Waja comparative wordlist (Swadesh 100)
** Tula-Waja karin magana da lambobi
Harshen Zumaya

**Zumaya** wani yaren Chadic ne wanda ya ƙare wanda aka taɓa magana a Kamaru.  san shi ne kawai daga 'yan kalmomi da aka rubuta daga mai magana na ƙarshe. Wataƙila  bambanta a cikin reshen Masa na Chadic.

Babu sanannun masu magana; ana tunanin amfani da harshen ya koma Fulfulde.

## Rarrabawa
Kimanin kalmomi 10 na Zumaya ne aka rubuta daga abin da watakila shi ne mai magana na ƙarshe na wannan harshe na Daniel Barreteau. Harshen na ƙungiyar Masa ne. An samo masu magana na ƙarshe a Ouro-Lamordé, akan hanyar zuwa Bogo (Ouro-Zangui canton, Maroua commune, sashen Diamaré, Yankin Arewa mai Nisa). 

## Manazarta
Red Satin

***Red Satin*** wanda kuma aka fi sani da ***Satin Rouge*** ( ) fim ne da aka shirya shi a shekarar 2002 na Tunusiya yana mai  da hankali ne a game da wasan kwaikwayo na mata a harshen Larabci wanda Raja Amari ta rubuta kuma ta ba da umarni kan fasalin fim ɗinta na farko.  Fim ɗin ya haɗa da ‘yar wasan ƙasar Falasɗinu Hiam Abbass da Hend El Fahem a matsayin jagorori. Ya bayyana labarin wata mata bazawara da ta rikiɗe sosai daga uwar gida zuwa ’yar rawa mai lalata.  Fim ɗin ya sami fitowa a matsayin wasan kwaikwayo a ranar 24 ga Afrilu 2002 kuma an buɗe shi don sake dubawa masu gauraya.   Fim ɗin ya samu kyautuka da naɗe-naɗe da dama a bukukuwan fina-finai na ƙasa da ƙasa. 

## 'Yan wasa

* Hiam Abbass a matsayin Lilia
* Hend El Fahem a matsayin Salma
* Zinedine Soualem a matsayin Caberet Patron
* Selma Kouchy
* Faouzia Badr a matsayin makwabciyar Lilia
* Nadra Lamloum a matsayin Hela
* Maher Kamoun a matsayin Chokri
* Monia Hichri a matsayin Folla

## Takaitaccen bayani
Bayan mutuwar mijinta, rayuwar bazawara Lilia (Hiam Abbass) ta ta'allaka ne ga yarta Salma (Hend El Fahem). Yayin da take neman Salma da daddare sai ga Lilia ta fara samun sauyi a lokacin da ta fara shakku kan budurwar ’yar tata na kulla wata alaka ta sirri da Chokri (Maher Kamoun), wani mashawarcin darbouka a ajin rawa Salma. Don neman ƙarin bayani, Lilia ta yanke shawarar bin Chokri wata rana. A kan kubuta ta, ta bi shi zuwa wurin aikinsa na biyu, kulob ɗin cabaret. Bayan ta shawo kan firgicinta na farko, Lilia ta zama mai sha'awar raye-raye da kiɗan ganga. Matan sun sha bamban da Lilia sosai yayin da suke sanye da kaya kala-kala, suna nuna tsaka-tsaki, suna rawa cikin yanayin sha'awa, suna buga ganga. Bayan abokantaka da babban ɗan wasan rawa, Folla (Monia Hichri), Lilia ta gamsu ta fara rawa a kulob ɗin cabaret. Yayin da Lilia ta fara rawa da daddare, a lokaci guda ta fara soyayya da Chokri, wanda har yanzu bai san cewa Lilia mahaifiyar Salma ba ce. Lokacin da Chokri ya ƙare al'amarinsa da Lilia, ta yi baƙin ciki. Daga baya ta gano Salma ta nemi Chokri ya gana da ita da Chokri, ganin dangantakarsa da Salma tana kara tsanani.

## Kyaututtuka da zaɓe

## Manazarta
Harshen Animere

**Animere** (wani lokacin Anyimere ko Kunda, ƙarshen shine sunan wuri) yare ne da ake magana a Ghana, a cikin ƙauyukan Kecheibe da Kunda na mutanen Benimbere . Yana da alaƙa da Kebu ko Akebu na Togo. Dukansu harsunan tsaunukan Ghana ne na Togo (GTM), wanda Heine ya rarraba a matsayin membobin ƙungiyar Ka-Togo (1968). Kamar sauran harsunan GTM, Animere yare ne na suna.

Animere harshe ne da ke cikin hatsarin da ba a ba da shi ga yara ba; Yawan masu magana ya kai kusan 30 (Blench 2006).  Tuni a cikin 1965 Adele, wani yaren GTM, shine yaren da ya mamaye matasa a yankin Animere, kuma tsofaffi ne kawai suka yi magana da Animere a tsakanin su, wanda ya jagoranci Heine (1968) yana tsammanin cewa 'harshen zai ƙare a cikin 'yan kaɗan. shekarun da suka gabata'.  Ilimin Twi, babban yaren yanki, kuma ya yadu a tsakanin Benimbere.

## Bayanan kafa

## Nassoshi

* Bodomo, Adams B. (1996) 'Akan Harshe Da Ci Gaba A Afirka: Shari'ar Ghana', *[[Nordic Journal of African Studies]]*, 5, 2, 31-51.
* Heine, Bernd (1968) *Die Verbreitung und Gliedering der Togorestsprachen* (Kölner Beiträge zur Afrikanistik juzu'i na 1). Sunan mahaifi: Druckerei Wienand.
* Seidel, A., (1898) "Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Sprachen a Togo." Aufgrund der von Dr. Rudolf Plehn und anderen gesammelten Materialien bearbeitet. Zeitschrift für Afrikanischer und Oceanischer Sprachen.
* Sommer, Gabriele (1992) 'Bincike kan mutuwar harshe a Afirka', a cikin Brenzinger, Matthias (ed.) *Mutuwar Harshe: Factual and Theoretical Exploration with Special Reference to East Africa* . Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter, shafi.&nbsp;301-417.

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Bayanin Animere akan UNESCO-CI
* Taskar ELAR na Takardun Animere, Ghana (Kwa, Niger-Congo): Nazarin matukin jirgi
Yaren Kwah

**Kwah** ( **Kwa** ), wanda kuma aka fi sani da **Ba,a** ( *Bàː*  ), yaren Niger–Congo ne na rashin tabbas; da yawan bincikensa, zai bayyana mabanbanta. Joseph Greenberg ya ƙidaya ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin harsunan Bambuki na dangin Adamawa . Boyd (1989) ya sanya reshensa a cikin Waja–Jen. Kleinewillinghöfer (1996) ya cire shi daga Waja–Jen a matsayin reshen Adamawa ( yola )mai zaman kansa. Lokacin da Blench (2008) ya rabu Adamawa, Kwah ya zama reshe mai zaman kansa na wucin gadi na babban dangin Savannas .

Blench (2019) ya lissafa wuraren Ba,a a matsayin garuruwan Gyakan da Kwa (wanda ke kusa da Munga) a karamar hukumar Numan, jihar Adamawa, Najeriya. Wani mai jin Ba'a (mai ɗaya) shine *raBáà* (sg.), kuma fiye da ɗaya zai zama *Báà* (pl.); masu magana suna kiran yaren da *nyaa Báà* .  Nau'in Baa a kowane garuruwan biyu sun bambanta da farko a fannin sauti. 

Addinin gargajiya na Baa yana da manyan alloli guda biyu, Gbandima da Kassimin.

## Kara karantawa

* Möller Nwadigo, Mirjam. 2016. Aikin daftarin aiki na Baa, yaren Najeriya . London: SOAS, Taskar Harsuna masu Karewa.

## Nassoshi

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Ba (Kwa) . Aikin Harsunan Adamawa.
* Baa , ta Mirjam Möller Nwadigo. AdaGram.
* Tarin ELAR: Takardun aikin Baa, yaren Najeriya wanda Mirjam Möller Nwadigo ya ajiye
Harsunan Bena-Mboi

Harsunan **Bena–Mboi** (Ɓəna–Mboi) a.k.a. **Yungur** ya zama reshe na dangin Adamawa . Ana magana da su a tsakiyar jihar Adamawa, gabashin Najeriya, kusa da gabashin karamar hukumar Lafia .

Idiatov & van de Velde (2019) sun rarraba harsunan Bena–Mboi a matsayin Benue-Congo . 

## Rabewa
A cikin gidan yanar gizon Ayyukan Harsunan Adamawa, Kleinewillinghöfer (2011) ya rarraba ƙungiyar Ɓəna-Mboi ko Yungur kamar haka. 

; Ɓəna-Mboi (Yungur)

* Ɓəna
** Ɓəna Yungur
*** Ɓəna Yungur
*** Voro
** Ɓəna Lala
*** Ɓəna Lala of Yang
*** Ɓəna Lala of Bodwai (Bodɛ)
**** Robma
**** (Robma na) Dingai
* Mboi (Gəna)
** Mboi na Livo; Mboi na Gulungo
** Mboi na Haanda; Mboi of Banga
* Kan (Libo)

## Sunaye da wurare
A ƙasa akwai jerin sunayen harshe, yawan jama'a, da wurare daga Blench (2019). 

## Manazarta
A Tale of Love and Desire

**Tale of Love and Desire** (  ***Une histoire d'amour et*** de desir) fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Tunisiya da aka shirya shi a shekarar 2021 wanda Leyla Bouzid ta jagoranta kuma Sandra da Fonseca da Olivier Père suka shirya.   Fim ɗin ya haɗa da Sami Outalbali da  a cikin jagoranci yayin da Diong-Kéba Tacu, Aurélia Petit, Mahia Zrouki da Bellamine Abdelmalek suka ba da gudummawar tallafi.  

Fim ɗin ya ta'allaka ne a kan wata soyayyar Larabawa mai ban sha'awa tsakanin Ahmed, ɗan shekara 18, Bafaranshe ɗan asalin Aljeriya, da Farah, yarinya 'yar Tunisiya.   

Fim ɗin ya fara fitowa a ranar 1 ga watan Satumba 2021. Fim ɗin ya sami kyakkyawan sharhi daga masu suka.  An zaɓi fim ɗin a cikin gasa na hukuma a matsayin Mafi kyawun fim da kuma na Golden Stallion na Yennenga don Mafi kyawun fim. 

## 'Yan wasa

* Sami Outalbali a matsayin Ahmed Ouannas
* Zbeida Belhajamor a matsayin Farah Kalel
* Diong-Kéba Tacu a matsayin Saidou
* Aurélia Petit a matsayin Farfesa Anne Morel
* Mahia Zrouki a matsayin Dalila
* Bellamine Abdelmalek a matsayin Karim
* Mathilde Lamusse a matsayin Léa
* Samir El Hakim a matsayin Hakim
* Khemissa Zarouel a matsayin Faouzia
* Sofia Lesaffre a matsayin Malika
* Baptiste Carrion-Weiss a matsayin Damien
* Charles Poitevin a matsayin Garçon rue Mouffetard
* Omar Khasb a matsayin Garçon bagarre cité
* Zaineb Bouzid a matsayin Chiraz

## liyafa
A Faransa, fim ɗin ya kai 4/5 akan AlloCiné daga bita 25 na manema labarai.  A bisa review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes , wanda categorizes reviews a matsayin tabbatacce ko korau kawai, fim ɗin yana da wani yarda rating na 100% lasafta bisa 6 masu suka da sharhi. Idan aka kwatanta, tare da ƙididdige ra'ayoyin iri ɗaya ta amfani da ma'aunin ƙididdiga masu nauyi, ƙimar ƙimar ita ce 6.0/10.

## Manazarta
Harshen Kwanka

**Kwanka**, ko **Kwang** (Kwaŋ), yare ne na yaren Plateau a Najeriya.

Kwang ko Vaghat shine babban iri-iri. Sauran sune Ya ( *Tiyaa* ) da Bijim.

Ana ganin Vaghat da bambanci da Kadung. Fahimtar juna tsakanin Vaghat/Kadung, Ya da Bijim yayi kadan. Kadung da Bijim sun fi kusanci da juna, yayin da Yaa ya fi bambanta. 

Kwang and Ya are endonyms, with loconyms Kadun and Kwanka for Kwang and Boi for Ya.

## Rarrabuwa
Babban ƙauye su ne Càmpàk, Kwànkà, Làrkà, Bùkòʃì, Wùyà, Gileŋ, Kùmbùl, Kaduŋ, Wùʃìmà, ɗə̀kdèy, Kwándarì, Rɔ̀k, Jàrkàn, Dùfyàm, Mícìji, da sauransu. Suna cikin karamar hukumar Pankshin da karamar hukumar Mangu, jihar Filato . Harsunan da ke kewaye sune Mwaghavul, Ngas, Pyem, da Fulatanci . 

### Vaghat
Asalinsu Vaghat na zaune ne a kauyukan tsaunukan Tafawa Balewa da karamar hukumar Bogoro a kudu maso yammacin jihar Bauchi . 

* Akusha
* Anjere (babu zama)
* Aruti
* Dala
* Goŋzi
* Gwoɓi (ba a zaune). Akwai kogon da aka ajiye kwanyar kakannin kakannin Vaghat.
* Kaduk (babu zama)
* Kudal (tsakiyar ƙauyen da sarki ke zaune)
* Kwafa
* Maŋgar
* Yagap
* Yalas
* Yaŋ
* Yoghɔs (Yaush)
* Yise
* Zhindir

A yau, Vaghat sun ƙaura zuwa garuruwa da yawa da ƙauyuka da suka bazu a fadin jihar Bauchi, jihar Filato, da jihar Kaduna (mafi yawa kusa da Zaria ). 

Ƙungiyoyin Vaghat highland su ne: Āyàlàs, Àyìtūr, Àtòròk, Āyīpàɣí, Āyīgònì, Àyàkdàl, Àyánàvēr, Āyàtól, Àyàʒíkʔìn, Àyìʤìlìŋ, Áyàshàlà, da Àzàrā. 

Vaghat lowland clans are: Āyàlàs, Àyàkdàl, Àyàʒíkʔìn, Ày ƴan, da Àyàgyēr. 

Mutanen Vaghat kuma suna da kogo a cikin wani dutse inda suke ajiye kwanyar kakanninsu. 

## Kara karantawa

* Blench, Roger. 2021. *[https://www.academia.edu/49231501/The_Kwa%C5%8B_language_of_Central_Nigeria_and_its_affinities Harshen Kwaŋ na tsakiyar Najeriya da alakarsa]* . Cambridge: Gidauniyar Ilimi ta Kay Williamson.
* Blench, Roger. 2022. *[https://www.academia.edu/67521000/Introduction_to_Vaghat_language Harshen Vaghat na Tsakiyar Najeriya]* . Cambridge: Gidauniyar Ilimi ta Kay Williamson.
* Blench, Roger. 2022. *[https://www.academia.edu/66847818/Skull_cults_and_soul_arrows_the_religion_of_the_Vaghat_people Ƙungiyoyin kwanyar kai da kiban ruhi: addinin mutanen Vaghat]* . Cambridge: Gidauniyar Ilimi ta Kay Williamson.

## Nassoshi
Tlamess

***Tlamess***, fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na labari na Tunisiya da aka shirya shi a shekarar 2019 wanda Ala Eddine Slim ya ba da umarni kuma ya bada umarni da kansa ya shirya tare da Juliette Lepoutre da Pierre Menahem.   Fim ɗin ya haɗa da Abdullah Miniawy, Souhir Ben Amara, da Khaled Ben Aïssa.   Fim ɗin ya ba da labarin wani soja ne, wanda kuma aka ba shi hutun mako guda bayan rasuwar mahaifiyarsa, amma ya yi wani buri da zai kammala. 

An fara fim ɗin a bikin Fim na Cannes na 2019.   An nuna a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo a Faransa daga ranar 19 ga watan Fabrairu 2020.    Fim ɗin ya sami ra'ayoyi daban-daban daga masu suka kuma an nuna shi a cikin bukukuwan fina-finai da yawa.  

## 'Yan wasa

* Abdullahi Miniawy a matsayin 
* Souhir Ben Amara a matsayin F
* Khaled Ben Aisa

## Manazarta
Harsunan Mumuye

**Harsunan mumuye** rukuni ne na harsunan Adamawa da ake magana da su a jihar Taraba dake gabashin Najeriya .

## Harsuna
Rarraba da ke ƙasa ya biyo bayan Shimizu (1979). 

* **Mumuye**
** Mumuye dace: Northeast Mumuye, Southwest Mumuye
** Rang Mumuye: Rang
** Pangseng Mumuye: Pangseng, Komo, Jega, da dai sauransu.

Mumuye shine yaren Adamawa wanda akafi amfani dashi.

## Sunaye da wurare
A ƙasa akwai jerin sunayen harshe, yawan jama'a, da wurare daga Blench (2019).
Harshen Rang

**Rang** (Lamma) ƙabilar Mumuye ce a karamar hukumar Lamma ward Zing a jihar Taraba, Najeriya. Ana magana a cikin garin Lamma da kewaye, da Zanto Lamma ko Zori, Besagba, Koyu, da Jauro Nasaraawo Jereng. Rang dangi ne na farko da suka zauna a yankin garin Lamma.

## Manazarta
Yaren Pangseng

**Pangseng** harshen Adamawa ne na jihar Taraba, Najeriya . Ana magana da shi a garin Jinlàri (Jimleri), wanda ke kan titin zuwa garin Zing -Lankaviri. Ire-iren sa sun hada da Komo, Jega, da sauransu. 

## Nassoshi
Harshen Duli

**Duli** (Gewe,Gueve,Gey) ɓataccen harshen Adamawa ne na arewacin Kamaru .

Blench (2004) yana danganta Duli zuwa ga bacewar harshen **Gey** (Gewe); *Glottolog* ya bayyana cewa Gey ba'a nuna shi a zaman harshe na musamman.  Duli da Gewe (Gey) nau'ikan harshe ne masu alaƙa, kuma wataƙila yaruka ne na yare ɗaya a cewar Kleinewillinghöfer (2015). An yi magana da su a kewayen kogin Benue da Mayo-Kebbi, kuma an rubuta su da jerin kalmomi a Strümpell (1922/23). 

Ko da yake Boyd (1989:184)  ya ware Duli a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin harsunan Duru, Kleinewillinghöfer bai sami wata shaida da ke nuna cewa harshen Duru ba ne kuma ya ɗauke shi a matsayin wata ƙungiya ta daban a cikin Adamawa–Gur continuum . 

## Rarrabawa
A yau, Gey, waɗanda adadinsu ya kai kusan mutane 1,000 a gabashin Pitoa (Pitoa commune, Bénoué sashen, yankin Arewa), bisa ga taswirar yawan jama'a na ORTOM na 1964. SIL (1982) ya ƙiyasta yawan ƙabilun a matsayin 1,900. Yan Gey yanzu sun amince da Lamido na Tchéboa a matsayin shugabansu, kuma a halin yanzu suna magana da Fulfulde kawai. 

Ana magana da Duli kusa da Pitoa (kwaryar Pitoa) da Garoua (sashen Bénoué, Yankin Arewa). Eldridge Mohammadou ya kuma lura cewa an tattara wasu kalmomin Duli kaɗan ne kawai. A sakamakon haka, ainihin harshen ba shi da takardun shaida. 

## Nassoshi
Harshen Loo

**Loo**, ko **Shuŋọ**, harshen Adamawa ne na Najeriya. Yana ɗaya daga cikin harsuna sama da 500 da ake magana da su a ƙasar . Tun daga 1992, kimanin adadin masu magana da Loo ya kai 8,000.  Waɗancan masu magana suna zaune a sassan jihar Gombe da kuma jihar da ke maƙwabtaka da kudu: Jihar Taraba . 
## Manazarta
Yaren Nyingwom

Yaren **Nyingwom** ko **Kam yaren** Niger-Congo ne da ake magana da shi a gabashin Najeriya. Blench (2019) ya lissafa masu magana da ke zaune a manyan kauyukan Mayo Kam da Kamajim a karamar hukumar Bali, jihar Taraba. Lesage ta ruwaito cewa ana magana da Kam a kauyuka 27 na karamar hukumar Bali. 

An yiwa Nyingwom lakabi da "G8" a matsayin reshe a cikin shawarwarin dangin harshen Adamawa na Joseph Greenberg. Madaidaicin rarrabuwa na Kam lamari ne na bincike na yanzu.

Masu iya magana suna kiran kansu da yarensu Nyí ŋwɔ̀m. Kamajim (Kam: àngwɔ́g ɲí 'gidan mutane') babban birni ne na gargajiya na Kam a tsaunin yammacin tudun dutsen da ke arewacin kogin Kam. Kam a tarihi sun yi mu'amala mai yawa da Kororofa Jukun.

## Rarrabuwa
Kam ko Nyingwom ana magana da kusan masu magana ƙasa da 5,000 a cikin ƙauyukan: 

* Sarkin Dawa (70)
* Mayo Kam (150)
* Garin Hamza (700)
* Din Kamaajin A, B, C, D (3,000)
* Garin Laa (300)
* Garin Bandari (300)

Koyaya, Jakob Lesage ya kiyasta masu magana 20,000-25,000 a ƙauyuka 27 a cikin Mayu 2017. 

Ba kamar sauran harsunan Niger-Congo ba, Kam ba shi da tsarin ajin suna .

## Kara karantawa

* Lesage, Yakubu. 2019. Takaddun Kam da aka zaɓa (tare da sauti)  . Tarin Pangloss: Rumbun tarihin harsunan da ke cikin haɗari.
* Meek, Charles K. 1931. *Nazarin Kabilanci a Arewacin Najeriya*, Vol. 2. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co., Ltd.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Kam , da Jakob Lesage. AdaGram.
Yaren Magdi

**Mághdì** Harshe ne da ake yin magana da shi a Jihar Adamawa kuma yana a cikin rukunin harshen Adamawa na Najeriya .

## Nassoshi
Harshen Burak

**Burak** (Ɓúúrák) harshe ne dake a rukunin harshen Adamawa da ake magana da shi a garin Burak na karamar hukumar Shongom, Najeriya .

## Nassoshi
Harshen Mak (Adamawa)

**Mak**, ko **LeeMak** harshe ne daga cikin yaren Adamawa ne na Najeriya, ɗaya daga cikin harsunan Bikwin da dama . Yarukan biyu, Panya da Zoo (Zo), sun bambanta, kuma ana iya ɗaukar yaruka daban-daban.

## Nassoshi
Harshen Bambuka

**Kyãk** (Nyakyak), kuma aka sani da **Bambuka** bayan wurin da yake, yaren Bikwin ne (Adamawa) na Najeriya .

Blench ya lissafa Kanawa a matsayin yare daban. 

## Nassoshi
Yaren Moo

**Mɔɔ** ko **Mọọ**, Wanda aka fi sani da **Gomu** (Gwomu) bayan wurin da yake, yare ne da ake yin shi a Bikwin (Adamawa) wanda kusan mutane dubu 5,000 ke magana a jihar Taraba, Najeriya.  

## Nassoshi
Durban International Film Festival

Bikin Fim na Duniya na Durban (DIFF) bikin fim ne na shekara-shekara wanda ke faruwa a Durban, lardin KwaZulu-Natal, Afirka ta Kudu . Teddy Sarkin da Ros Sarkin ne suka kafa shi a shekarar 1979. Cibiyar Creative Arts a Jami'ar Kwazulu-Natal ce ta gabatar da ita, ita ce mafi tsufa kuma mafi girma a bikin fina-finai a Afirka kuma tana gabatar da shirye-shirye sama da 200 da ke murna da mafi kyau a fina-fallafen Afirka ta Kudu, Afirka da na duniya. Yawancin shirye-shiryen ko dai na Afirka ne ko na Afirka ta Kudu. Har ila yau, bikin yana ba da bita ga masu shirya fina-finai, tarurruka na masana'antu, dandalin tattaunawa, da ayyukan fadakarwa waɗanda suka haɗa da nunawa a yankunan gari inda ba su da sinima, da ƙari, gami da Talent Campus Durban da kasuwar haɗin gwiwar Durban FilmMart.

Tun daga shekara ta 2005, DIFF tana aiki ne a matsayin ƙaddamar da Afirka ta Kudu don bikin fina-finai na Wavescape Surf .

Talent Campus Durban, tare da hadin gwiwar Berlinale Talent Campus, sabon shiri ne a cikin 2008. kuma ya gudanar da bugu na biyar a cikin 2012.

Durban FilmMart, wani taron hada-hadar kudi, an ƙaddamar da shi a cikin 2010. Ana gudanar da shi tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da Ofishin Fim na Durban.

## Kyaututtuka
Bikin yana ba da sassan gasa da yawa kuma wasu kyaututtuka suna da tsabar kudi. Tun daga shekara ta 2006, Amnesty International ta hanyar kungiyar Amnesty ta Durban, ta kuma dauki nauyin kyautar kuɗi da ake kira Amnesty International Durban Human Rights Award .

## Hotunan bikin

### 2023
An gudanar da bikin na 44 daga 20 zuwa 30 ga Yuli 2023.  nuna fina-finai 90 daga kasashe 54 a duniya. *Sira*, wani hadin gwiwa tsakanin Burkina Faso, Senegal, Faransa da Jamus ta Apollin Traoré, ta buɗe bikin a ranar 20 ga Yuli; yayin da *[[Banel & Adama]]*, wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na Faransa-Mali-Senegalese ta Ramata-Toulaye Sy, ta rufe bikin a ranar 30 ga Yuli. [1] Riceboy Sleeps fim din wasan kwaikwayo  Kanada na Anthony Shim ya lashe kyautar fim mafi kyau da aka sanar a ranar 29 ga Yuli. [1]

### 2022
gudanar da bikin na 43 daga 22 ga Yuli zuwa 1 ga Agusta 2022. *1960*, fim din wasan kwaikwayo na Afirka ta Kudu na Sarki Shaft da Michael Mutombo, sun buɗe bikin, yayin da Kai ne Wurin da Jahmil X.T. Qubeka ya rufe bikin.

## Manazarta
Hansie

Hansie: A True Story  fim ne na Afirka ta Kudu na 2008 wanda Global Creative Studios ya samar kuma Regardt van den Bergh ya ba da umarni. Ya dogara ne akan rayuwar Hansie Cronje .   fitar da fim din ne a ranar 24 ga Satumba 2008 a gidajen silima na Afirka ta Kudu.

#### Manazarta
Narcissus (2015 film)

***Narcissus*** () wani fim ne na Tunisiya wanda Sonia Chamkhi ya ba da umarni, wanda aka saki a cikin shekarar 2015.   

## Takaitaccen bayani
Hind, yar shekara 30, matashiya mai wasan barkwanci, ta taka rawar gani a wasan kwaikwayo wanda mijinta Taoufik ya jagoranta. Wasan ya samu kwarin gwuiwa ne daga mummunan abin da ya faru na Hind da kaninta, Mehdi, wanda shahararren mawaki ne. Dukansu an zalunce su daga babban ɗan'uwansu, wani matashi mai zunubi da ya shiga cikin tsattsauran ra'ayin addini.

Yayin da Mehdi ya shiga tsakanin soyayyar sa ta sirri da kuma fatan yin aure, Hind ta yanke shawarar tunkara tare da bayyana sirrin da ya binne na baya. Ta fahimci cewa don ta sami damar rayuwa, tana bukatar ta wargaza muguwar da'irar da ta daure ta cikin bacin rai, bacin ran wasu da tashin hankalinsu.

## Manazarta
Yaren Leelau

**Leelau** (Lelo), ko **Munga** bayan wajen sa, ɗaya ne daga cikin harsunan Bikwin na mutanen Bikwin, waɗanda ake magana da su a jihar Taraba, Najeriya .

## Nassoshi
Number 37 (fim)

Number 37 (Afrikaans: Nommer 37) wani labari ne na aikata laifuka na Afirka ta Kudu na 2018 wanda Nosipho Dumisa ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni. Fim din y cikin Afrikaans kuma an sanya shi cikin Turanci.  nuna shi a bukukuwan fina-finai da yawa ciki har da SXSW, Neuchâtel International Fantastic Film Festival, Sydney Film Festival, da Fantasia International Film Festival a Montreal, inda ya lashe kyautar Darakta mafi kyau.[1]  din  biyo bayan wani saurayi da ya ji rauni, wanda aka tsare a cikin gidansa, wanda ya ranta na'urorin burbushin sa don yin leken asiri ga maƙwabtansu, inda ya ga damar da za su juya rayuwarsu bayan ya ga wani laifi.

## Labarin fim
An kama shi a cikin gidansa, Randal Hendricks (Irshaad Ally), wanda ke fama da paraplegic na baya-bayan nan, ya sami kyautar binoculars daga budurwarsa mai kwazo, Pam (Monique Rockman). Koyaya, Randal yana cikin bashin kuɗi ga Emmie (Danny Ross), wani shark mai cin hanci da rashawa, kuma lokacin da ya shaida Lauyan (David Manuel), mai aikata laifi mai ƙarfi, ya aikata kisan kai yayin da yake lura da maƙwabtansa wata dare, sai ya fara wani makircin cin amana. Tare da mutane kalilan da za su juya, Randal ya haɗa da Warren (Ephraim Gordon), abokinsa mai ma'ana tare da sha'awar Pam. Duk da haɗari daban-daban, Randal ya ci gaba da shirinsa, kuma yayin da yanayi ya zama mai rikitarwa, Pam ya shiga cikin jerin abubuwan da suka faru. Ba da daɗewa ba, Gail February (Sandi Schultz), mai bincike, ya zo yana yawo a kusa da unguwar, yana neman ɗan sanda mai cin hanci da rashawa da ya ɓace - abokin aikinta. Yayin da lauya ya fara bincike don neman mai cin zarafinsa, Emmie ya kara matsin lamba na ƙarshen lokacinsa, kuma binciken Lieutenant Fabrairu ya jawo ta kusa da Randal. Tare  yaudara da kwaɗayi a kowane kusurwa, Randal da ke ɗauke da keken guragu dole ne ya dogara da ikon jiki na budurwarsa mai jinkiri don ganin shirin su, yana sanya rayukansu biyu cikin haɗari.

## Ƴan Wasa

* Irshaad Ally a matsayin Randal Hendricks
* Monique Rockman a matsayin Pam Ismael
* Danny Ross a matsayin Emmie
* Ephraim Gordon a matsayin Warren
* David Manuel a matsayin lauya
* Amrain Ismail-Essop a matsayin Alicia
* Sandi Schultz a matsayin Lieutenant Gail Fabrairu
* Elton Andrew a matsayin Fasto White
* Deon Lotz a matsayin Kwamandan Gavin Faransa 

## Manazarta
Schuks! Your Country Needs You

Shugabannin! Your Country Needs You fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Afirka ta Kudu na 2013 wanda Gray Hofmeyr ya jagoranta kuma Leon Schuster ya rubuta shi. Fim din shine shigarwa ta takwas a cikin shahararrun jerin kyamarorin Afirka ta Kudu inda Leon Schuster a matsayin mai suna Schuks, Rob van Vuuren, Lare Birk, da Alfred Ntombela suna yin ba'a da sanin 'yan Afirka ta Kudu na yau da kullun. din shine shigarwa  takwas a cikin shahararrun jerin kyamarorin Afirka ta Kudu inda Leon Schuster a matsayin mai suna Schuks, Rob van Vuuren, Lare Birk, da Alfred Ntombela suna yin ba'a da sanin 'yan Afirka ta Kudu na yau da kullun.

## Manazarta
Mutanen Terik

**Mutanen Terik** ƙungiya ce ta Kalenjin da ke zaune a sassan Kakamega da Nandi na yammacin Kenya, waɗanda adadinsu ya kai kusan 323,230. 
|shigarwa=24 Maris 2020 |shafin yanar gizo=Hukumar Kididdiga ta Suna zaune ne tsakanin al'ummomin Nandi, Luo da Luhya (Luyia). Daga cikin Luo an san su da *nyangóóri*, amma ga Terik, wannan kalma ce ta wulakanci. Terik suna kiran kansu *Terikeek* ; A cikin amfaninsu, 'Terik' yana nufin yarensu, ƙasarsu, da al'adunsu.

## Tarihi
A cewar nasu tarihin baka, Terik su ne "mutanen Dutsen Elgon "; an tabbatar da wannan ta hanyar shaidar harshe da kuma ta al'adun Bong'om cewa "mutanen da suka kira kansu Terik sun kasance Bong'om lokacin da suka bar Elgon kuma suka tashi zuwa kudancin kudancin" (Roeder 1986: 142).

A zamanin mulkin mallaka, dangantakar da ke tsakanin Terik da Nandi (maƙwabtansu na gabas) suna da alaƙa da hare-haren juna ga shanu, filaye da mata, hangen nesa har yanzu yana raye a tsakanin tsofaffin mutanen Terik. Koyaya, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan Terik sun ƙara fahimtar Nandi azaman dangi abokantaka. Abubuwa da dama sun taimaka wajen wannan sauyi ta fuskar hangen nesa.

Fadada yanki na al'ummar Luhya (maƙwabtan yammacin Terik) ya dagula dangantakar Terik-Luhyia a cikin shekarun da suka gabata. Ana jin Luhya na zama barazana ga asalin Terik kuma auratayya ya ragu sosai. Fadada Luhya (musamman kungiyar Logoli ) zuwa cikin yankin Terik ya kasance sanadin matsin lambar jama'a . Wannan, tare da raguwar yuwuwar noma a yankin, a cikin rabin na biyu na karni na ashirin ya sa yawancin Terik suka matsa zuwa gabas, zuwa 'Nandiland' kamar yadda suke kira shi. Wasu Terik ma suna da'awar cewa sun yi watsi da ƙasarsu ne saboda tsoron Luhya.

Terik sun ƙara daidaitawa kuma suna kama da Nandi. Ɗayan sakamakon shine canji zuwa tsarin saiti na nau'in Nandi. A al'adance Terik suna da shekaru goma sha biyu, yayin da Nandi ke da bakwai. Terik da ke zaune a Nandiland yakan ba da sunan ƙaramin adadin shekaru fiye da waɗanda ke zaune a yankin Terik na gargajiya. Yaran Terik kuma suna fuskantar ƙaddamarwa tare da yaran Nandi. An ƙara haɓaka haɗakarwa da Nandi ta hanyar haɓakar fahimtar juna *ta Kalenjin*, tsari wanda ya fara a farkon 1950s.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ƙaura zuwa Nandiland ya ragu, kuma an ƙarfafa matsayin harshen Terik. Makarantun Terik yanzu suna koyar da yaren Terik.

## Manazarta

* Heine, Bernd (1992) 'Mutuwar Yare: Shari'ar Terik', a cikin Brenzinger (ed.) *Mutuwar Harshe - Haƙiƙa da Binciken Ka'idar tare da Magana ta Musamman ga Gabashin Afirka* . Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 255 &#x2013; 272.
* Omosule, Monone (1989) 'Kalenjin: fitowar sunan kamfani na 'Ƙabilar Nandi' na Gabashin Afirka', *Genève-Afrique*, 27, 1, shafi.&nbsp;&#x2013; .
* Roeder, Hilke (1986) *Sprachlicher Wandel und Gruppenbewusstsein bei den Terik.* *(Sprache und Geschichte a cikin Afirka*, Beiheft 7). Hamburg: Helmut Buske.

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Terik a Cibiyar Sadarwa da Bayani ta UNESCO / Kare harsunan da ke cikin haɗari.
* Shirin Al'ummar Terik
* Mintuna na taron yaren Terik a Kapsengere