Nancy H. Adsit

**Nancy H. Adsit** (née, **Warren**; sunan alkalami, Probus; 21 ga Mayu, 1825 - 27 ga Afrilu, 1902) malamar fasaha ce ta Amurka ta ƙarni na 19, malamar fasaha, kuma marubuciya. Ta kammala karatu a Jami'ar Ingham, ta ba da gudummawa na rabin karni ga wallafe-wallafen fasaha. Adsit ita ce mace ta farko da ta shiga filin inshora a Amurka, kuma, kamar yadda aka sani, a duniya. Tana da haɗuwa mai ban mamaki: babban ƙwarewar wallafe-wallafen da ƙwarewar kasuwanci mai kyau. A lokacin da take da shekaru 13, ta ɗauki alhakin al'amuranta da iliminta na gaba. Wasu daga cikin rubuce-rubucenta na farko sun haifar da babban adawa, kuma editan ta ya hana asalinta. Ba sai bayan shekaru da yawa ba sai ta amince da marubucin su. Bayan rasuwar mijinta, Charles Davenport Adsit, na Buffalo, New York a 1873, ta ɗauki dukan alhakin kasuwancinsa da kamfanin inshora. Bayan samun nasara sosai a wannan layin, ta sayar da kasuwancin kuma ta ci gaba da rubutawa. Ta ba da gudummawa ga Landan Art Journal, ta rubuta jerin labarai masu ban sha'awa a gare su a kan "The Black and White in Art" ko "Etching and Engraving". Wannan ya kawo buƙatu don laccoci da jawabai game da fasaha, kuma ta fara karatun karatu. Shekaru da yawa, ta gabatar da waɗannan laccoci a cikin manyan biranen Amurka, kuma sunanta yana da alaƙa da ilimin fasaha a Amurka da ƙasashen waje. Adsit ta mutu a shekara ta 1902.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Nancy H. Warren a Palermo, New York, a ranar 21 ga Mayu, 1825. Ta fito ne daga zuriyar New England Puritan, kuma ta fito ne daga Mayflower Robinsons a gefen mahaifiyarta, kuma daga Warrens masu kishin kasa na Massachusetts a gefen mahaifinta, mahaifinta limami ne kuma mai wa'azi. Rayuwarta ta farko horo ne a cikin dogaro da kanta, wanda ya taimaka da kuma motsa ci gaban ikon hali, yana ba ta damar yaki da cinye yanayi mara kyau, shawo kan cikas kuma daga yarinta ya nuna kanta kuma ya ci gaba da bin aikin da ya sami nasara. A lokacin da take da shekaru 13, ta ɗauki cikakken alhakin kanta da dukiyarta. Kudin karatun ta a Jami'ar Ingham an sadu da su ta hanyar koyarwa da aikin jarida.

## Ayyuka
Adsit ya kasance mai ba da gudummawa na yau da kullun ga ginshiƙan New York City Baptist Register, Boston Recorder, New-York Tribune da Western Literary Messenger . Ayyukanta na farko sun fi yawa a cikin layin waƙoƙi da jerin "wa'azi" da yawa a ƙarƙashin sa hannun "Probus". Wadannan wa'azin sun haifar da tsananin adawa a cikin malamai, saboda latitudinarianism a kan tambayoyin tauhidi. Tattaunawar zafi da tsawo sun biyo bayan kowane bugawa. "Probus," wanda ba a sani ba, babban majalisa ne ya yanke masa hukunci "yana da laifi na ridda," kuma an yi la'akari da wa'azin kuma an hukunta su. An kammala jerin, duk da haka, kuma an gudanar da asalin ta tsakanin kanta da editan, kuma ba har sai shekaru da yawa bayan haka ba, ta hanyar ikirarin kansa, marubucin da aka gano. A halin yanzu, tunanin malamai, tare da duniya gabaɗaya, sun faɗaɗa, kuma wa'azin ba su da haramta.

Ta auri Charles Davenport Adsit, na Buffalo, a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1862. Gidan ta a cikin shekaru uku masu zuwa ya kasance a 11 North Division Street, a wannan birni. Sauye-sauye na wallafe-wallafen, sadaka da aikin coci tare da ayyukanta na gida, ta haɓaka gida mai kyau. Sun koma Milwaukee, Wisconsin a 1865, inda mijinta ya mutu a 1873, ya bar gwauruwarsa da manyan ayyuka. Adsit nan da nan ya ɗauki dukan cajin da gudanar da kamfanin inshora. zanga-zangar daga abokai na iyali da kishi daga bangaren masu fafatawa na kasuwanci sun sadu da ita a ƙofar aikin, amma ta sami tagomashin jama'a yayin da ta ba da tabbacin iyawa har sai an yi wa aikin kambi da irin wannan nasara don barin wani dalili don ci gaba da gurfanar da shi. Dangane da haka, Adsit ta sayar da kasuwancin, tare da kyakkyawar niyya, kuma ta ci gaba da rubutu. Ayyukanta sun kai daga tambayoyin siyasa na yau zuwa kimiyya da fasaha. Gudummawar da ta bayar ga London Art Journal na shekaru da yawa ya kawo buƙata don jerin labarai a kan "White and Black in Art, ko "Etching and Engraving". Ba tare da samun cikakkun bayanai ba don cikakken bincike a cikin littattafai, ta ziyarci ɗakunan masu zane-zane, da kuma bitar masu zane-zanen, tattara bayanan da suka dace, har ma da amfani da kayan aikin kowane sana'a. An cinye shekara guda a cikin wannan aikin shiri.

Watanni kafin a kammala labaran bukatar tattaunawa a kan batutuwan da suka sa ta shagaltar da Adsit ta bude gidanta ga kungiyoyin mata da maza, wadanda suka kula da daukar karatun da gaske. Yankin aikinta ya karu a hankali, kuma daga 1880, ta ba da darussan lacca a kusan dukkanin manyan biranen Amurka. Sunan ta ya zama sananne tare da ilimin fasaha, a Amurka da kasashen waje. Duk da yake Adsit ta yi watsi da kasancewa mai zane-zane, ta kasance mai sukar ƙwarewa da cikakkiyar mai bayyana fasaha. Asirin nasarar da ta samu ya kasance a cikin gaskiyar cewa aikinta kawai nuna halinta ne, gami da babbar sha'awa wacce ta kai masu sauraronta. A cikin wani rahoto na sakataren Wisconsin ga Kungiyar don Ci gaban Mata, wanda Adsit na ɗaya daga cikin mataimakan shugabanni,  marubucin ya ce: "Ga Mrs. C. D. Adsit aikin ya kasance, kai tsaye ko a kaikaice, mafi yawan sha'awar fasaha a cikin Jiharmu da kuma dukan Yamma. "Kwarewar da ta fuskanta ta hanzarta kuma ta faɗaɗa jinƙai ga duk mata masu aiki, waɗanda ta ba kawai shawara mai kyau ba, har ma da taimako mai yawa. Gidanta a Milwaukee cibiyar fasaha ce da musayar zamantakewa.

## Mutuwa
Ta mutu a ranar 27 ga Afrilu, 1902, a Milwaukee, Wisconsin, kuma an binne ta a Kabari na Forest Home, Milwaukeee .

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Ayyukan da suka shafiMace ta Karni / Nancy H. Adsita Wikisource
* Works by or about Nancy H. Adsita cikinTarihin Intanet