Edith Bonnesen

**Edith Bonnesen** née **Andersen** (1911-1992) ma'aikaciƴar farar hula ce kuma memba ta juriyar Danish a lokacin mamayar da Jamus ta mamaye Denmark a yakin duniya na biyu. Ta ba da gudummawa ga jaridar da ba bisa ka'ida ba *De frie Danske*, ta yi aiki ga Ma'aikatar 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Danish-Swedish kuma ta shiga Babban Ayyukan Ayyuka na Biritaniya (SOE). An kama ta amma an sake ta a lokuta da yawa, ta tsere daga hedkwatar Gestapo ta Copenhagen a watan Agusta 1944.  

Bonneson ta sami lambar yabo ta Sarki don Jajircewa a cikin Hanyar 'Yanci saboda aikinta a cikin gwagwarmayar gwagwarmaya. 

## Rayuwar farko
An haife ta a Copenhagen a ranar 28 ga Satumba shekara ta 1911, Edith Andersen ita ce 'yar babban ma'aikacin gwamnati Edmund Christian Sofus Andersen (1886-1962) da Carla Vilhelmine Fliedner (1890-1928). An taso ita da ’yar’uwarta a gida mai kyau inda aka koya musu mutunta ƙasarsu da kuma masarautar Denmark . Bayan kammala realskole a Aurehøj Gymnasium a 1928, ta horar da ta zama ma'aikaciyar ofis. Daga 1930 har zuwa aurenta da Poul Winther Bonnesen a 1935, ta yi aiki da kamfanin inshora na London. An raba aurenta a shekara ta 1940.   

## Aikin juriya
Bonnesen ta riga ta fuskanci manufofin wariyar launin fata na Nazi a shekara ta 1935 ita da mijinta sun taimaka wa wasu Yahudawa ma'aurata a Denmark. A shekara ta 1937, yayin da ta ziyarci Berlin, ta fuskanci cin zarafi na Yahudawa da Nazis suka yi. A sakamakon haka, ta yi tsayayya da Nazis kuma ta kasance mai sha'awar shiga ayyukan juriya. 

Bayan rabuwarta a shekara ta 1940, Bonnesen ta yi aiki a ma'aikatar sufuri ta ma'aikatar sufuri don sa ido kan layin dogo masu zaman kansu. Wannan rawar ya ba ta damar samun rahotannin Jamus na sirri, waɗanda ta sanar da abokanta ba tare da sunanta ba don nuna adawa da mamayar Jamus. A farkon 1942, wata kawarta ta kawo mata hulɗa da De Frie Danske (Denmark Free), ƙungiyar juriya wadda ta buga takarda ba bisa ƙa'ida ba mai suna iri ɗaya. Ban da ba da gudummawa ga takardar, ta shiga cikin samar da katunan rabon abinci da takaddun shaida na ƙarya . Gidanta da ke Tranegårdsvej a Hellerup ana yawan amfani dashi azaman wurin taron ma'aikatan juriya ko don ɓoye mutanen da ake nema, gami da Mogens Hammer, wakilin SOE na farko da aka yi parachuted a Denmark. 

Dangane da shiga *De frie Danske* da SOE, 'yan sandan Denmark da Jamus sun kama Bonnesen sau uku a ƙarshen 1942, amma an sake shi bayan ya musanta hannu a cikin haramtacciyar aiki. Bayan da Jamusawa suka karbi mulkin Denmark a watan Agustan 1943, dole ne ta kara yin taka tsantsan. Ta ci gaba da aikinta na doka tare da ƙwararren rediyon LA Duus Hansen wanda ya aika da bayanan da aka kayyade zuwa SOE. Yin amfani da lambar sunan Lotte, ta zama sakatariyarsa. 

A watan Agustan 1944, yayin da ya ziyarci gidan waya na Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Danish-Swidish ba bisa ka'ida ba a tsakiyar Copenhagen, an kama Bonnesen kuma aka kai shi hedkwatar Gestapo a gidan Shell. Ana cikin yi masa tambayoyi sai wani babban jami’i ya shigo ya ba da umarnin a kai ta gidan kasa domin akwai isassun hujjoji a kan ta. A maimakon haka wani mai gadi ya kai ta wani katon daki dake hawa na biyu. Mai gadi ya shiga wani dakin baya inda ya fara magana da wani Bajamushe. Bar ita kadai, ta yanke shawarar tserewa. Ta sauko daga bene zuwa bene na farko inda ta haɗu da wasu farar hula biyu na Jamus waɗanda ke barin ginin. Ta bi bayansu ta fito daga kofar gidan da mai gadi ya kasa gane ta. Bayan ta haye gadar cikin nutsuwa zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Palace, ta yi sauri da sauri.  

Tun da Gestapo ta gano ta, Bonnesen ta bar Denmark zuwa Sweden mai tsaka-tsaki inda ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariya a ofishin jakadancin Amurka a Helsingborg . Jutta Graae ' yar gwagwarmaya ce ta taimaka mata wajen tserewa daga Denmark.  Ba tare da izini ba, ta yi amfani da rediyo, tana karɓar saƙonni daga Denmark kuma ta tura su zuwa London. Bayan da aka sake kiran jakadan Amurka zuwa Amurka a farkon 1945, Bonnesen ya yi aiki a matsayin karamin jakada har zuwa lokacin da 'yantar da Denmark . Daga nan ta koma Copenhagen inda ta yi aiki tare da Ofishin Sojoji na Musamman har zuwa kaka na 1945. 

## Ayyukan bayan yakin
A cikin 1946, Bonnesen ta sami aiki a kamfanin Fiedlers Kattuntryk na masaku inda daga baya ta jagoranci sashen fitarwa. A shekara ta 1952, dole ne ta tafi saboda jin ta ya yi rauni sosai sakamakon rauni daga wani harbi da aka yi a lokacin mamayar Jamus. Bayan ta koyi karatun lebe, an ɗauke ta aiki a matsayin sakatare, daga baya kuma a matsayin jami'a a ma'aikatar tsaro har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a 1975.  Bonnesen wani bangare ya dawo da jin ta bayan tiyata a 1963. 

Edith Bonnesen ya mutu a Copenhagen a ranar 20 ga Fabrairu 1992. 

## Kyaututtuka
Bonneson ta samu lambar yabo ta Sarki don Jajircewa a cikin Harkokin 'Yanci saboda shiga cikin gwagwarmayar gwagwarmaya. 

## Manazarta