Sashin sunadarai na yumɓu

Kimiyyar yumɓu wani nau'i ne na ilimin sunadarai wanda ke nazarin laka-linkid="6" href="./Chemical_structure" id="mwDA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Chemical structure">Tsarin sunadarai, kaddarorin da halayen ko haɗawa da yumɓu da ma'adanai na yumɓu. Yana da fannoni da yawa, wanda ya haɗa da ra'ayoyi da ilimi daga ilmin sunadarai na inorganic da na tsari, ilmin sunidarai na jiki, ilmin ilmin sunayyaki na kayan aiki, ilmin kimiyyar kwayoyin halitta, ilmin ma'adinai, ilmin ƙasa da sauransu.

Nazarin ilmin sunadarai (da kimiyyar lissafi) na yumɓu da ma'adanai na yumɓun yana da matukar dacewa da ilimi da masana'antu saboda suna daga cikin ma'adinai da aka fi amfani da su, ana amfani da su azaman albarkatun kasa (ceramics, tukwane, da sauransu), adsorbents, catalysts, additives, cajin ma'adarai, magunguna, kayan gini da sauransu.

Abubuwa na musamman na ma'adanai na yumɓu ciki har da: gine-ginen nanometric, kasancewar cajin da za a iya musayarwa, yiwuwar adsorbing da karɓar bakuncin (intercalating)  kwayoyin, ikon samar da Yaduwar colloidal, yiwuwar gyaran sinadarai da sauransu, suna yin nazarin ilmin sunadarai na yumɓun mahimmanci kuma sun bambanta sosai.

Yawancin fannoni daban-daban da wuraren ilimi suna da tasiri ta hanyar halayyar sinadarai na ma'adanai na yumɓu, daga kimiyyar muhalli zuwa aikin injiniya na sinadarai, daga tukwane zuwa kula da sharar nukiliya.

ikon musayar cation (CEC) yana da matukar muhimmanci a cikin ma'auni na cations na yau da kullun a cikin ƙasa (Na+, K+, NH4+, Ca2+, Mg2+) da kuma kula da pH, tare da tasiri kai tsaye akan amfanin ƙasa. Har ila yau, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin makomar mafi yawan Ca2+ da ke zuwa daga ƙasa (ruwan kogi) zuwa cikin teku. Ikon canzawa da sarrafa CEC na ma'adanai na yumɓu yana ba da kayan aiki mai mahimmanci a ci gaban adsorbents masu zaɓaɓɓu tare da aikace-aikace kamar su sunadarai masu auna sigina ko abubuwa masu tsabtace gurɓata don ruwa mai gurɓata, misali.

Fahimtar halayen ma'adanai na yumɓu tare da ruwa (intercalation, adsorption, colloidal scattering, da dai sauransu) suna da mahimmanci ga masana'antar yumbu (plasticity da kula da kwarara na cakuda yumbu, misali). Wadannan hulɗar kuma suna tasiri ga adadi mai yawa na kayan aikin inji na ƙasa, ana nazarin su da kyau ta hanyar ƙwararrun injiniyoyin gine-gine da gine-gine.

Ma'amala da ma'adanai na yumɓu tare da kwayoyin halitta a cikin ƙasa suma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaita abubuwan gina jiki da haihuwa, da kuma daidaitawa ko leaching na Magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta da sauran gurɓataccen abu. Ana amfani da wasu ma'adanai na yumɓu (kaolinite) a matsayin kayan ɗaukar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin kwari.

yanayin yanayi na nau'ikan dutse da yawa suna samar da ma'adanai na yumɓu a matsayin ɗayan samfuransa na ƙarshe. Fahimtar waɗannan matakai na geochemical yana da mahimmanci don fahimtar juyin halitta na shimfidar wurare da kaddarorin macroscopic na duwatsu da datti. Kasancewar ma'adanai na yumɓu a cikin Mars, wanda Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter ya gano a cikin 2009 wata shaida ce mai ƙarfi game da kasancewar ruwa a duniyar a cikin lokutan geological da suka gabata.

Halin yiwuwar warwatsa ƙwayoyin ma'adinai na nanometric a cikin matrix na polymer, tare da samar da nanocomposite na inorganic-organic ya haifar da babban farfadowa a cikin nazarin waɗannan ma'adanai daga ƙarshen 1990s.

Bugu da kari, nazarin ilmin sunadarai na yumɓu yana da matukar dacewa ga masana'antar sunadarai, kamar yadda ake amfani da ma'adanai da yawa na yumɓun a matsayin masu haɓaka, masu haɓaka ko substrates masu haɓaka a cikin matakai da yawa na sunadarai.

## Dubi kuma

* Clay - Ƙasa mai kyau mai laushi
* Clay minerals - Fyllosilicates na aluminum mai kyauShafuka da ke nuna taƙaitaccen bayanin manufofi
* Interface and colloid science - Sashen ilmin sunadarai da kimiyyar lissafi
* The Clay Minerals Society - Kungiyar da ba ta da riba ta Amurka

## Manazarta