Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Châtelet

The Théâtre du Châtelet (Faransa pronunciation: [teɑtʁ dy ʃɑtlɛ]) gidan wasan kwaikwayo ne da gidan wasan kwaikwayo, wanda ke kan Place du Châtele a cikin 1st arrondissement na Paris, Faransa .

Ɗaya daga cikin gidajen wasan dan wasan kwaikwayo guda biyu, (wanda ɗayan shine Théâtre de la Ville) wanda aka gina a shafin yanar gizon Châtelet, ƙaramin gidan sarauta ko kagara, Gabriel Davioud ne ya tsara shi bisa buƙatar Baron Haussmann tsakanin 1860 da 1862. Asalin da ake kira Théâtre Impérial du Châtelet, an sake gyara shi kuma an canza sunansa a tsawon shekaru. A halin yanzu yana da kujerar mutane 2,500.

## Bayyanawa
Gidan wasan kwaikwayon yana ɗaya daga cikin tagwaye biyu da aka gina a kan tashar jiragen ruwa na Seine, suna fuskantar juna a fadin bude Place du Châtelet . Sauran Sphinx gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Ville . Gine-ginen su na waje shine ainihin ƙofofin Palladian a ƙarƙashin ɗakunan, kodayake shimfidarsu ta ciki ta bambanta sosai. A tsakiyar filin akwai wani maɓuɓɓugar ruwa mai ban sha'awa, wanda aka gina a 1808, wanda ke tunawa da nasarar Napoleon a Misira.

## Asalin

An gina gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Impérial du Châtelet ne don kamfanin Hippolyte Hostein, gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya Impérial del Cirque . Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na baya, Cirque Olympique a kan Boulevard du Temple, Baron Haussmann ne ya shirya don rushewa don ba da damar gina Boulevard del Prince-Eugène (yanzu Boulevard Voltaire). 

Gidan yanar gizon sabon gidan wasan kwaikwayon ya samo asali ne daga Birnin Paris a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1859, kuma an gina shi tsakanin 1860 da 1862. Masu zanen ciki sun hada da Eugène Carrières da Armand Cambon, kuma Charles Cambon ne ya kirkiro labule.

Gidan wasan kwaikwayon da farko ya zauna mutane 2,200, kodayake Haussmann ya yi iƙirarin cewa yana da 3,600. Rubuce-rubucen, wanda aka tsara ta hanyar doka ta 20 ga Satumba 1862, ya haɗa da ayyukan soja da *Fairies* a cikin ɗaya ko da yawa, da kuma wasan kwaikwayo da vaudevilles.

Hostein ya bar matsayin darektan a watan Satumbar 1868. Nestor Roqueplan ya gudanar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo daga 1 ga Yuli 1869 zuwa Afrilu 1870. 

## Rashin Daular Na Biyu
An rufe gidan wasan kwaikwayon daga Satumba 1870 zuwa Yuli 1871 saboda Yakin Franco-Prussian . Yaƙin ya haifar da faduwar Daular Faransa ta Biyu, kuma a ƙarƙashin Jamhuriyar Faransa ta Uku da ta biyo baya, an bar sunan *mulkin mallaka*. Hippolyte Hostein ya dawo a matsayin darektan gidan wasan kwaikwayo a 1873-1874. 

Musamman, tun daga watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1876, matakin Jules Verne's Around the World in Eighty Days, wanda Verne da Adolphe d'Ennery suka daidaita, ya fara gudu wanda ya kai shekaru sittin da hudu da wasanni 2,195 (ko da yake ba a ci gaba ba). Sai kawai mamayar Nazi ta Paris a watan Mayu 1940 ta rufe wannan samarwa har abada.

## Karni na ashirin
Tun daga shekara ta 1979, Birnin Paris ne ke gudanar da gidan wasan kwaikwayon, kuma, bayan an sake yin babban gyare-gyare, an sake buɗe shi a 1980 a ƙarƙashin sunan Théâtre Musical de Paris . An sake sake yin amfani da shi a cikin 1989 kuma ya koma sunan Théâtre du Châtelet . Shirley Horn ta yi rikodin kundi na kai tsaye na 1992 I Love You, Paris a Théâtre du Châtelet . A wani lokaci an fi amfani da shi don wasan kwaikwayo na opera da kide-kide. Orchestre na Paris da Orchestre Philharmonique de Radio France sun yi wasa a can. A cikin 1993 Orchestra na Philharmonia na London ya fara zama na shekara-shekara.

A karkashin jagorancin fasaha na Stéphane Lissner daga 1995 zuwa 1999, gidan wasan kwaikwayon ya sami ƙarin ci gaba a cikin sauti da layin gani.

## Karni na ashirin da daya
A shekara ta 2004,  ya zama darektan zane-zane na gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Ya daina jaddada kiɗa na gargajiya da wasan kwaikwayo na rawa kuma ya gabatar da karin shirye-shiryen kiɗa na Broadway, gami da Kiss Me, Kate, Singin 'in the Rain, *42nd Street*, da An American in Paris. 

A cikin 2017, Ruth Mackenzie ta gaje Choplin, wanda aka nada shi darektan fasaha tare da babban darektan Thomas Lauriot dit Prévost, wanda ya yi aiki a gidan wasan kwaikwayo tare da Choplin daga 2006 zuwa 2013. Mackenzie ya yi niyyar haɗa shirye-shiryen gidan wasan kwaikwayon ga 'yan ƙasa na Paris, gami da yankunan da ke kusa da ita. A karkashin mulkinta, daga 2017 zuwa 2019, an rufe gidan wasan kwaikwayon don gyaran dala miliyan 34.7. Duk da yake babban manufar gyaran ita ce sabunta hanyoyin lantarki, tsaro da tsaro, an mayar da Grand Salle zuwa bayyanarsa ta 1862 kuma Grand Foyer zuwa salon Napoleon III. A waje da gidan wasan kwaikwayo, an dawo da siffofi masu kama da rawa, kiɗa, wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo waɗanda aka cire a ƙarshen karni na 19.

Lokacin da aka sake buɗe gidan wasan kwaikwayon a cikin 2019, Mackenzie da Lauriot dit Prévost sun gabatar da shirin "Robin Hood" don masu halartar gidan wasan kwaikwayo da masu tallafawa su sayi ƙarin tikiti ga waɗanda ba za su iya biyan su ba.

A cikin 2019, Comme des Garçons ta ƙaddamar da turare mai suna "Odeur Du Théâtre Du Châtelet Acte I" wanda Caroline Dumur ta kirkira wanda tarihin gidan wasan kwaikwayon ya haɗu da zamani na sabon darektan kirkirarta Ruth Mackenzie . 

Tun daga fitowar 2019, ana gudanar da bikin Ballon d'Or a kowace shekara a wurin.

A ranar 28 ga watan Agustan 2020 an ba da sanarwar cewa Théâtre du Châtelet ta kori Ruth Mackenzie a matsayin darektan fasaha, tare da wani tushen da ba a bayyana sunansa ba wanda ke ba da shawarar matsalar gudanarwa tare da ma'aikatan da matsalar kudi saboda rashin isasshen lokacin fasaha. A mayar da martani, Mackenzie ta tabbatar da cewa an gudanar da bincike game da aikinta, amma ta bayyana cewa ba ta gano shaidar aikata laifi ba. Janar darektan Thomas Lauriot dit Prévost ya kasance a mukaminsa. 

A ranar 24 ga Fabrairu 2022, masu rawa 32 na Kyiv City Ballet sun makale a Paris saboda mamayar Rasha a Ukraine. Birnin Paris ya ba su zama a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Châtelet . Anne Hidalgo, magajin garin Paris, ta sanar da wannan a daya daga cikin wasan kwaikwayo na farko na kungiyar a gidan wasan kwaikwayo, tana mai cewa shirin zai kasance "har sai dai ya ɗauki".

## Bayani

## Bayanan littattafai

* [Hasiya] (2003). *Babban Gidajen *Opera* na Duniya*, kari ga Opera Magazine, London.
* Wild, Nicole (1989). *Dictionnaire des théâtres parisiens au XIXe siècle: les théâtres et la musique*. Paris: Ga masu son littattafai. ISBN . ISBN  (takardar takarda).&nbsp;&nbsp;

## Haɗin waje

* Shafin yanar gizon hukuma
* Bayanan Floormic