Isabella Tod

**Isabella Maria Susan Tod** (an haife ta ne a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu na shekara ta 1836 - 8 ga Disamba 1896) 'yar asalin Scotland ce mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata da na siyasa, mai aiki a arewacin Ireland. Ta yi kira ga 'yancin mata ga ilimi da dukiya, don girmamawa ga ma'aikatan jima'i kuma, a matsayin mai haɗin gwiwar Irish, don zaɓen mata. A shekara ta 1887, kungiyar ta Arewacin Ireland ta taimaka wajen samun kuri'un birni ga mata a Belfast.

## Rayuwa
An haifi Tod a Edinburgh kuma mahaifiyarta, Maria Isabella Waddell, wacce ta fito daga County Monaghan, Ireland ce ta yi karatu a gida. Mahaifinta shi ne James Banks Tod, ɗan kasuwa daga Edinburgh .  A cikin shekarun 1850 ta koma tare da mahaifiyarta zuwa Belfast. Ta kasance mai ba da gudummawa ga Mujallar Jami'ar Dublin, mujallar adabi da siyasa mai zaman kanta; jaridar Presbyterian, The Banner of Ulster (a ƙarƙashin editan tsohon mai haya James MacKnight) ; kuma, a cikin shekarun 1880, Northern Whig, abokin hamayya mai sassaucin ra'ayi ga Wasikar Labarai Belfast . 

A shekara ta 1868, Tod ita ce kadai mace da ta ba da shaida ga wani kwamitin bincike kan sake fasalin dokar mallakar mata masu aure a shekara ta 1868. A shekara ta 1872, bayan kammala yawon shakatawa na 127& Women's Suffrage Association and Its  kuma tare da goyon bayan William Johnston MP  da takwaransa na kasa, Joseph Biggar MP,  ta kafa Kungiyar Mata ta Arewacin Ireland.

Ba a haɗa Ireland a cikin ayyukan karamar hukuma waɗanda suka ba da izini ga mata marasa aure da gwauraye a Ingila da Scotland a 1869 da 1882 bi da bi. Ƙaddamar da Tod da al'ummarta suka tabbatar da cewa a cikin ƙirƙirar ikon mallakar birni don sabon "birni" na Belfast, Dokar 1887 (wanda Johnston ya jagoranta ta hanyar majalisa) ta ba da kuri'a ga mutane maimakon maza. Wannan ya kasance shekaru goma sha ɗaya kafin mata a wasu wurare Ireland su sami kuri'a a zaben kananan hukumomi.

A shekara ta 1874, Margaret Byers Tod ta kafa kungiyar Belfast Women's Temperance Association,  kuma tare da su sun yi kamfen don karatun sakandare da sakandare ga 'yan mata. Ta taimaka wa Byers ta kafa Makarantar Kwalejin Mata ta Belfast (Victoria College) (1859), kuma ta taimaka wajen kafa Cibiyar Sarauniya ta Dublin (1861), Kwalejin Alexandra ta Dublin (1866), da Cibiyar Mata ta Belfast (1867). Ci gaba, a cikin *Ilimi na 'yan mata na tsakiya* Tsakiya (1874),  wani shirin ilimi don shirya mata don samun aiki, Tod ya yi kira ga hada' yan mata a cikin sharuddan Dokar Ilimi ta Tsakiya ta 1878. 

Tare da Anna Haslam, Quaker daga Youghal, ta kasance a cikin kwamitin zartarwa na Kungiyar Mata ta Kasa don Kaddamar da Ayyukan Cututtuka masu yaduwa.  Sun yi kamfen, tare da nasara a 1886, don soke Ayyukan Manzanni,  a kan dalilin cewa yunkurin majalisa na kare lafiyar sojoji ya tilasta gwajin likita a kan karuwanci wanda ya keta 'yancin farar hula na mata.  Tod ya nace kan bil'adama na mata da ke cikin cinikin jima'i, da kuma fahimtar tushen kasuwancin: talauci, "rashin daidaito na doka" da "rashin adalci na hukunci na zamantakewa".

Tod da Halsam sun kuma yi kamfen, ba tare da samun nasara ba, don mata su iya aiki a matsayin masu kula da talauci. A shekara ta 1896, an zartar da lissafin da ke ba da izini tare da wasu cancantar dukiya don yin aiki, amma a ƙarshen ƙarni daga cikin 8,000 Poor Law Guardians a Ireland kawai 85 ne mata.

Lokacin da, a cikin 1888 Ƙungiyar Mata ta Liberal ta rabu a kan batun Dokar Gida ta Irish, Tod, yana mai ambaton barazanar yawancin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya a cikin majalisar dokokin Irish, ya kafa Ƙungiyar Mata Masu Liberal Unionist ta Irish.  Ta yi imanin cewa "ƙananan majalisa na halin da ba za a iya gujewa ba" a ƙarƙashin mulkin gida zai hana ci gaba ga mata:  "Na fahimci cewa [yana] zama dakatar da duk aikin sake fasalin zamantakewa wanda muka yi aiki tuƙuru". [it]

Wannan aikin ya ci gaba zuwa sabon karni, a Belfast, ta hanyar NIWS - daga 1909, Irish Women's Suffrage Society - tare da shiga, da sauransu, Dokta Elizabeth Bell, likitan mata na farko da likitan mata, da marubuciya Elizabeth McCracken ("L.A.M. Priestley"). 

Tod ya mutu a 71 Botanic Avenue, Belfast a ranar 8 ga Disamba 1896 daga tarin fuka. An binne ta a Kabari na Balmoral a Kudancin Belfast . 

## Bikin Tunawa
A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2013 Margaret Mountford ta gabatar da wani shirin BBC Two Northern Ireland mai suna Groundbreakers: Ulster's Forgotten Radical, wanda ya nuna rayuwar Isabella Tod. 

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin masu goyon bayan mata da mata
* Jerin masu fafutukar kare hakkin mata
* Jerin lokaci na zaɓen mata

## Manazarta