open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Kogon Amanchor

**Kogon Anchor** yana cikin al'ummar Etiti a Edda, Afikpo ta Kudu, a Jihar Ebonyi ta Najeriya .  Kogon yana 4&nbsp;km / 2.5 mil a tsayi. 

## Tarihi
A cewar Cif Boniface Agwuibe, shugaban al’ummar, ya ce wani mafarauci mai suna Ofia Ugo (ko Uko) ne ya gano kogon, wanda ya sanyawa suna *Ogba Anchor* .  

## Hanyoyin wucewa
Kogon Anchor yana da wata mashiga mai kama da taki wacce ke da goyon bayan wani tsani na katako da al'umma suka gina. Kofin kogon yana da tsayin mita 6. 

Kogon yana da ramuka uku, na biyun wanda aka fi sani da “taga,” wanda ke kai ga matakin kasa kogon. Ana iya ganin filin kogon daga "taga." 

Shigowar kogon ta uku ana kiranta da "kofa." A karshen Orie (daya daga cikin kwanakin kasuwa hudu a kalandar al'adun Igbo) na shekara, a watan Disamba, ana gudanar da taron shekara-shekara da aka sani da Orie-Ogba a cikin kogon. 

## Wurin zama
Kogon yana gida ga nau'ikan jemagu da yawa, mai yiwuwa na kwari da nau'ikan cin 'ya'yan itace. Suna fita daga cikin kogon lokacin faɗuwar rana kuma suna komawa cikin dare. Akwai imani tsakanin mutanen yankin cewa jemagu suna kare kogon kuma za su ciji masu kutse da mugun nufi. 

Kogon ya kasance mafaka ga mutanen yankin a lokacin yakin Najeriya/Biafra. 

## Da'awar ikon sufanci
Wasu mutane suna da'awar cewa kogon ya zama wurin samun waraka ta ruhaniya ko kuma fara'a ga maziyartan sa muddin shugaban ƙauyen ya jagorance su kafin su yi fata a wani wuri a cikin kogon. 

O. Emeafor da C. Odum na Jami’ar Najeriya, Nsukka sun rubuta cewa hamlet of Anchor yana da al’adun gargajiya masu yawa da suka hada da asiri na *Egbela*, wata al’adar samar da maza zuwa balaga. Ƙungiyoyin ibada suna da kimar alama ga mutanen Edda, kuma ana kyautata zaton suna da tasiri a rayuwarsu, siyasa da addini. Dole ne 'yan kungiyar asiri su kiyaye tsaftar dabi'a da mutuntawa don cin gajiyar karfin kariya na kungiyar. 

## Manazarta
Jerin girgizar ƙasa a cikin Caribbean

Ƙasar Caribbean Basin tana cikin rikicewar yanayin tsarin , wanda aka tsara ta hanyar hulɗar Plate Caribbean tare da faranti da ke kewaye, da ke nuna sassa daban-daban na nakasawa: a yamma, iyaka da manyan kurakuran canji irin su Oriente da Swan a kusa da Cuba da tsibirin Cayman;  a tsakiyar, alama ta Septentrional Fault da Puerto Rico Trench, inda rikice-rikice da raguwa ke faruwa;  kuma a gabas, an ayyana shi ta yankin Subduction Lesser Antilles, inda ɓawon tekun Atlantika ke gangarowa ƙarƙashin kogin Caribbean, yana haifar da tsananin girgizar ƙasa da ayyukan volcanic. 

Wadannan sune jerin **manyan ko sanannun girgizar ƙasa** waɗanda suka shafi yankin Caribbean kai tsaye; ya haɗa da girgizar kasa da ke auna akalla girman 6.5 ko girgizar ƙasar da ta haifar da asarar rai kai tsaye, raunin ko mummunar lalacewa ga yankin. 

## Girgizar ƙasa
Jaskinia Wielka Śnieżna

**Jaskinia Wielka Śnieżna** ("babban kogon dusar ƙanƙara") wani tsarin kogon dutse ne a Dutsen Małołączniak a cikin tsaunin Tatra ta Yamma, na Tsarin Tsaunukan Carpathian, a kudancin Poland.  Kogon yana cikin wurin shakatawa na Tatra .

Tare da tsawon , kuma a tsaye na , shi ne mafi tsawo, mafi girma, kuma mafi zurfi kogo a Poland . 

## Ilimin Halitta
Wielka Śnieżna yana da mashigai guda biyar:

* Jaskinia Śnieżna ("kogon dusar ƙanƙara") -  - an gano shi a cikin 1959
* Jaskinia nad Kotlinami ("kogon kan tudu") -  - an gano shi a cikin 1966, an haɗa shi da Śnieżna a cikin 1968
* Jasny Awen ("haske titin") -  - An fara bincike a cikin 1959, an haɗa shi da Wielka Śnieżna a 1978
* Jaskinia Wielka Litworowa ("Babban Angelica Cave") -  - an haɗa shi da Wielka Śnieżna a cikin 1995
* Jaskinia Wilcza ("kogon wolf ") -  - an gano shi a cikin 1996, an haɗa shi da Wielka Śnieżna a cikin 1999

An haɗa su ta hanyar tsarin rikitarwa na shafts da sassa. Yawancin su sun ƙunshi magudanan ruwa na ƙarƙashin ƙasa, magudanan ruwa, wuraren waha, ko siphon. Wani magudanar ruwa na karst da aka fi sani da Lodowe Źródło (" spring mai ƙanƙara") ne ya zubar da kogon.

## Bincike
An gano Jaskinia Śnieżna a cikin 1959 ta kogo daga Zakopane . A cikin 1960, an bincika shi zuwa zurfin , wanda ya sanya shi, a wancan lokacin, kogo na huɗu mafi zurfi a duniya. A cikin shekarun da suka biyo baya, an bincika kogon sosai tare da haɗa sauran kogon.

Binciken da aka yi a cikin 1960s an yi ƙasa a cikin sump ko siphon, rami mai siffar U mai cike da ruwa, a zurfin  . A cikin 1972, kogo masu amfani da kayan ruwa na ruwa sun sami damar tura sump a karon farko. Binciken su ya ragu zuwa zurfin  . 

Kokarin da aka yi a baya ya gano kogon ya kai  zurfi. Ana ci gaba da binciken kogon, gami da ƙoƙarin haɗa kogon zuwa Śnieżna Studnia, kogo mafi girma na biyu a Poland. 

## Manazarta
Cinikin mutane a Azerbaijan

Cinikin mutane ya zama matsala a Azerbaijan. Matasa ita ce babban wuri tsakanin mutane da masu fataucin mutane ke amfani da su. Akwai gwagwarmaya a fataucin mutane na shekaru da yawa. Akwai wasu cibiyoyin agaji ga wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane a matsayin Babban Sashen kan gwagwarmaya da zirga-zirgar mutane  da Cibiyar Taimako ga wadanda ke fuskantar fataucin mutum [2

Ofishin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka don Kulawa da Yaki da Cin Hanci da Kasuwanci a cikin Mutane ya sanya kasar a cikin "Tier 2" a cikin 2017.

## Babban Ma'aikatar kan gwagwarmaya da fataucin mutane
An kafa Babban Ma'aikatar Yaki da Cin Hanci da Mutane don aiwatar da ayyukan da aka gano a cikin Shirin Ayyuka na Kasa, tabbatar da tsaro ga wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane, samar musu da taimakon kwararru, kariya ga bayanan da aka tattara a cibiyar ta musamman don yaki da fatauccin mutane. A yaki da fataucin mutane masu horar da 'yan sanda masu sana'a suna aiki a wannan sashen.

## Cibiyar Taimako ga wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane
Cibiyar Taimako ga Wadanda ke fama da Cinikin Dan Adam tana aiki ne a matsayin cibiyoyin da ba su da riba. Manufar cibiyar ga wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane ita ce kare hakkoki da bukatun wadanda ke fama le fataucin bayi, kiwon lafiya, taimakon tunani, farfado da zamantakewar themde, sake hadewar su cikin al'umma, don taimakawa komawa rayuwa ta yau da kullun. Cibiyar ta yi shirin farfado da zamantakewar wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane don amsawa ga kowane mutum da 'yancin bil'adama, taimakawa bisa doka don dawo da' yancin wadanda abin ya shafa, tabbatar musu da aiki da horo, samar da yankin zama ga wadanda ke fama le fataucin. Idan wadanda abin ya shafa yara ne, wannan cibiyar nan da nan ta ba da rahoton bayani game da su ga kwamishinan kare hakkinsu da kuma Hukumar kula da kulawa.

Cibiyar agaji ga wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane ta ba da taimako daban-daban ga mutane 93 (63 daga cikinsu sun kasance ainihin wadanda ke fama, sauran sun kasance wadanda za su iya kamuwa da cutar) a cikin 2016.

## Matakan da ƙoƙari
Haɗin gwiwa yana da mahimmanci a wannan yanki. Yawancin lokaci wakilan Amurka da Azerbaijan suna sukar juna a cikin Taron Aiwatar da Dimension Human Dimension na OSCE. Amurka ita ce babbar abokiyar Azerbaijan a yaki da fataucin mutane. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2016, Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka da Babban Ma'aikatar Yaki da Cinikin Dan Adam a Azerbaijan, sun shirya taron kasa da kasa. A lokacin taron, an gudanar da daidaita ayyukan hadin gwiwa na hukumomin tilasta bin doka. Ɗaya daga cikin shirye-shiryen da Amurka ta gudanar a Azerbaijan da nufin yaki da fataucin mutane. Tare da goyon bayan Amurka, an dauki matakai don ƙirƙirar mafaka ga wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane da kuma kara karfin aikin mutane a can. Amurka ta haɗu da sojojin tare da Azerbaijan a cikin yaki da fataucin mutane cikin jituwa tare da abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci da aka gano a cikin Ma'anar "Azerbaijan 2020: hangen nesa ga nan gaba". US tana aiwatar da ayyukan hadin gwiwa tare da ƙungiyoyin da suka dace na Azerbaijan. 

## Dubi kuma

* 'Yancin Dan Adam a Azerbaijan
* Cinikin mutane

## Manazarta
Hadakar Ayyukan Ci gaban Yara

Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) wani shiri ne na gwamnati a Indiya wanda ke ba da abinci mai gina jiki, ilimin makarantun gaba da sakandare, kiwon lafiya na farko, rigakafi, duba lafiya da sabis na mika kai ga yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 6 da uwayensu. An ƙaddamar da shirin a cikin 1975, a cikin 1978 gwamnatin Morarji Desai ta dakatar da shi, sannan Charan Singh ya dawo da shi ba da daɗewa ba tare da goyon bayan 'yan adawar Indira Gandhi.

Shirin na shekaru biyar na goma ya kuma danganta ICDS zuwa cibiyoyin Anganwadi da aka kafa musamman a yankunan karkara da ma'aikata da ma'aikata na gaba. Baya ga inganta abinci mai gina jiki da rigakafi ga yara, shirin kuma an yi niyya ne don yaki da rashin daidaito tsakanin maza da mata ta hanyar samar wa 'yan mata albarkatu irin na maza.

Wani bincike da aka yi a shekara ta 2005 ya gano cewa shirin na ICDS ba shi da tasiri musamman wajen rage rashin abinci mai gina jiki, musamman saboda matsalolin aiwatarwa da kuma saboda jihohin da suka fi fama da talauci sun sami mafi ƙarancin ɗaukar hoto da kudade. A cikin shekarar kasafin kudi na 2018-19, gwamnatin tarayya ta Indiya ta ware ₹ 16,335 crore (dalar Amurka biliyan 1.9) ga shirin, wanda shine kashi 60% na kudade don shirin yayin da jihohi suka ware sauran kashi 40%Cibiyar sadarwa ta ICDS mai yaɗuwa tana da muhimmiyar rawa wajen yaƙar rashin abinci mai gina jiki musamman ga yaran ƙungiyoyi masu rauni.[4]

## Manazarta
Kogon Amboni

**Kogon Amboni** ( *Mapango ya Amboni*, a cikin Swahili ) ƙaƙƙarfan kogon dutse ne a Gabashin Afirka . Suna cikin unguwar Kiomoni na Tanga a yankin Tanga na Tanzaniya kusa da titin Tanga-Mombasa, 8&nbsp;km arewa da Tanga City center. Tsawon kogon da aka ruwaito ya kai mita 755.  An kafa kogon shekaru kimanin shekaru miliyan 150 da suka gabata a lokacin zamanin Jurassic . Ya ƙunshi yanki 234&nbsp;km2 . A cewar masu bincike yankin yana karkashin ruwa kimanin shekaru miliyan 20 da suka wuce. Gabaɗaya akwai kogo guda goma amma ɗaya kaɗai ake amfani da shi don yawon buɗe ido.

## Tarihi
Kamfanin Amboni Limited, wani kamfani ne wanda a lokacin yana gudanar da ayyukan noman sisal a yankin Tanga ya mallaki yankin a shekarar 1892. Kamfanin ya sanar da gwamnatin mulkin mallaka na Biritaniya game da kogon wanda shi kuma ya ayyana kogon a matsayin wurin kiyayewa a shekarar 1922.

Ba a san ainihin lokacin da aka gano kogon ba amma rahotanni sun nuna cewa kabilu irin su Segeju, Sambaa, Bondei da Digo da ke zaune a kusa da kogon na yin addu'a.

A shekarar 1963, gwamnatin Tanganyika ta lokacin ta mika kogon ga Sashen kula da kayayyakin tarihi.

## Abubuwan jan hankali
Kogon yana jan hankalin 'yan yawon bude ido da kuma dalibai don darussan labarin kasa. Abubuwan jan hankali sun haɗa da:

* *Jirgin Popo* - (Popo yana nufin jemage a cikin Swahili ). Yawancinsu suna zaune a cikin kogo. Kowace yamma da faɗuwar rana sai su tashi daga ƙofar kogon.
* Duwatsu a cikin siffar: gado mai matasai, jirgin ruwa, kada, giwa, taswirar Afirka, Mutum-mutumi na 'Yanci da kuma shugaban zaki na namiji.

## Gallery

Fayil:Amboni_caves,_Tanga.jpg|alt=Exterior| Na waje
Fayil:Peering_through_the_vines,_Amboni_Caves.jpg|alt=Vines| Itacen inabi


## Manazarta
Jerin girgizar ƙasa a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo

Wannan jerin manyan girgizar ƙasa ne a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo wanda ya shafi kasar kai tsaye.

## Girgizar ƙasa
Kabarin Aabchand

**Aabchand Caves** suna kauyen Aapchand a gundumar Sagar na Madhya Pradesh, kusa da gabar kogin Gadheri.  

## Tarihi
Akwai kusan kogon dutse guda goma sha biyu. Suna bayyana sana'ar ɗan adam kafin tarihi, tare da siffanta rayuwa da ayyukan yau da kullun na mutane akan duwatsu. 

## Kogo da zane-zane
Kogon mafi girma yana da tsayin taku 40 kuma ganuwarsa na dauke da hotuna sama da goma sha biyu da ke nuna ayyukan tarihi, wadanda suka hada da wuraren farauta da ke wakiltar daidaikun mutane da kungiyoyin mafarauta masu dauke da baka da kibau, mashi da sauran makamai. Dabbobin wasan da aka nuna sun haɗa da bison, bijimai, tururuwa, damisa, da boars. 

## Manazarta
Jerin koguna a kan Zagrebačka gora

Wannan jerin koguna ne a kan tsaunukan Zagrebačka gora. Ya zuwa shekara ta 2011, an san abubuwa 64 a kan Medvednica. : Marubucin farko da ya tsara jerin koguna a kan wannan tsaunuka shi ne   a cikin 1905, : amma kodayake jerin sun girma tare da aikin   : 134, 135 da sauransu  kafin zuwan binciken koguna na zamani, cikakken jerin koguna na farko a kan tsaunuka don amfani da binciken speleological bai zo ba har sai an buga Podzemni phenomenni Krški Plane Medved krajnice Zagreba na Божиčević a cikin 1975. Tun daga wannan lokacin, an sami sabuntawa da yawa, mafi yawan su shine Katastar speleolo homonata Republike Hrvatske, an rufe shi ga jama'a amma tare da abubuwan da ke samuwa a *Bioportal*.  

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### Labari

## Manazarta
Jerin kasuwannin gidaje ta farashin ƙasa

Binciken Kasuwancin Gidaje na Duniya na 16 na Shekara-shekara: 2020 ya bincika farashi a kasashe 7 na Ingilishi da Hong Kong. Daga cikin wannan samfurin, kasuwannin gidaje tare da mafi ƙarancin farashin ƙasa sune Hong Kong, Vancouver, da Sydney. Manyan kasuwannin gidaje guda uku tare da farashin ƙasa mafi araha bisa ga manyan kasuwannin zama sune Rochester, New York, Cleveland, Ohio, da Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Demographia, wani kamfani na bincike na duniya ne ya yi wannan binciken.

## Hanyar da ake amfani da ita
Farashin ya dogara ne akan bayanai daga kwata na uku na 2019. Kasuwancin gidaje da aka tsara suna cikin Australia, Kanada, Hong Kong, Ireland, New Zealand, Singapore, United Kingdom, da Amurka. Rahoton ya hada da ɗaukar hoto na musamman game da Rasha.

Kasuwannin gidaje suna kan matsayi na tsaka-tsaki na tsaka-tsakin araha, wanda ke amfani da "matsakaicin matsakaici".  An ƙididdige wannan ta hanyar ɗaukar farashin gida na tsaka-tsaki wanda aka raba tsaka-tsakin babban kuɗin shigar gida kafin haraji na kasuwar gidaje.  Ana amfani da matsakaicin matsakaici don nazarin kasuwannin gidaje kuma Bankin Duniya da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun ba da shawarar.  Hakanan Cibiyar Haɗin gwiwa don Nazarin Gidaje a Jami'ar Harvard ta yi amfani da ita.

Demographia yana amfani da ƙididdigar ƙimar gidaje don rarraba matsakaicin kasuwar gidaje.

## Jerin
Rahoton ya kasu kashi biyu, daya don manyan kasuwannin gidaje, kuma daya ga *duk* kasuwannin zama. Jerin da ke ƙasa yana nuna matsayi daga kasuwar gidaje mafi ƙarancin kuɗi zuwa kasuwar gidajen da aka fi araha ga manyan kasuwannin gidaje. Jerin ya ƙunshi kasuwannin gidaje 92.
Jerin koguna a kan Macelj da Ravna gora

Jerin koguna na farko da ya fi tsayi don ya ƙunshi Ravna gora shine Redenšek 1961,  ̇ amma na farko da aka keɓe musamman ga wannan dutse Zlatko Smerke ya bi shi kuma an buga shi a cikin littafin Ravna Gora na 1980.  An buga wani kundin lissafi a cikin shekara ta 2009 mai taken Završni PALtaj Izrada speleološkog i biospeleološkog katastra Ravne gore tare da ƙari a cikin shekara a cikin shekara: 9 kuma tun daga wannan lokacin an yi sabuntawa ne kawai ga cadastre na gida da na ƙasa. 

Kwanan nan, bincike ya fadada zuwa Macelj massif, wanda galibi ana ɗaukar Ravna gora wani sashi. 

### Labari

## Manazarta
Kogon ruwa na Benxi

**Kogon Ruwa na Benxi** ( Chinese    ) wani yanki ne na kogon da ya nutse wanda ke ɗauke da dajin stalactites da stalagmites, mai nisan  gabashin Benxi, lardin Liaoning, Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin .  An sanya shi wurin shakatawa na kasa a ranar 10 ga Janairu, 1994, kuma yana buɗe wa jama'a duk shekara. CNTA ta ayyana shi a matsayin "AAAAA"-ajiyar jan hankalin yawon bude ido a cikin 2015.

Katafaren rukunin kogon mai shekaru miliyan 5 yana haskakawa ta hanyar fitilu masu launi, kuma ya faɗaɗa sama da  tare da mafi girman faɗin , matsakaicin tsayin rufin , yanki na    da girma sama da . Yana da kogin karkashin kasa  tsayi, tare da matsakaicin zurfin  da zurfin zurfin , da fitarwa na yau da kullun na . A halin yanzu  na kogon an gina shi don yawon buɗe ido, tare da tashar jiragen ruwa  cikin kofar shiga da    Docking Bay babban isa ya yi kiliya 40 jiragen ruwa. Zazzabi a cikin kogon yana dawwama a duk shekara, kusan , ko da yake yana ɗan dumi a lokacin rani fiye da hunturu.

Baya ga koguna na ruwa, wurin shakatawa na kasa yana ba da wuraren shakatawa irin su tafiya zuwa saman dutse, Masarautar Woodstone, dinghy rafting a kan kogin Taizi, da gidan tarihi na kayan tarihi wanda ke dauke da kayan tarihi da yawa da samfuran da ba kasafai aka tattara daga yankin shakatawa na kasa ba.

## Manazarta
Bat Cave, Nepal

**Kogon Bat** ( **Chameri Gufa** a cikin harshen Nepali ) kogon mafita ne a gundumar Kaski a Pokhara, Nepal . An san shi da wurin zama na jemagu na Horseshoe a cikin kogon, a kan bango da rufi.   An kafa kogon ne da dutsen farar ƙasa .  Kogon nuni ne kuma ɗayan shahararrun wuraren yawon buɗe ido a Pokhara.  

## Geography
Kogon yana da kofa daya da fita daya. Fitar ta fi ƙofar shiga kunkuntar kuma tana buƙatar hawa. Imani na ƴan asalin shine waɗanda ba su yi zunubi ba ne kawai su wuce ramin fita. An kewaye kogon da daji. Yana kusa da kogon Mahendra na kusa.  Kogon mai siffar U ne kuma a cikin kogon akwai sassaka na gumaka na Hindu .  Kimanin nau'ikan jemagu 18 suna bayyana a cikin kogon a cikin watannin hunturu. 
 

## Manazarta
Rashin jin daɗi

**Snotite**, kuma **snoticle**, wani nau'i ne na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na kwayoyin extremophilic masu cell guda ɗaya waɗanda ke rataye daga bango da rufin kogo kuma suna kama da ƙananan stalactites, amma suna da daidaito na hanci . A cikin Frasassi Caves a Italiya, fiye da 70% na sel a cikin Snotite an gano su a matsayin *Acidthiobacillus thiooxidans*, tare da ƙananan mutane ciki har da archaeon a cikin 'G-plasma' wanda ba a horar da shi ba na Thermoplasmatales (> 15%) da kwayoyin cuta a cikin dangin Acididimicrobiaceae (> 5%). 

Kwayoyin cuta suna samun kuzari daga chemosynthesis na mahaɗan sulfur na volcanic ciki har da H  S da ruwan dumi da ke digowa daga sama, suna samar da sulfuric acid . Saboda wannan, kayan sharar su suna da acidic sosai (masu kusanci pH=0), tare da kamannin kaddarorin ga acid ɗin baturi .  Masu bincike a Jami'ar Texas sun nuna cewa wannan sulfuric acid na iya zama mafi mahimmancin dalilin samuwar kogo fiye da bayanin da aka saba bayarwa na carbonic acid da aka samu daga carbon dioxide da aka narkar da cikin ruwa. 

Snotites sun kawo hankalin masu bincike Diana Northup da Penny Boston suna nazarin su (da sauran kwayoyin halitta) a cikin wani kogon sulfur mai guba mai suna Cueva de Villa Luz ( *Kogon Gidan Haske* ), a Tabasco, Mexico . Jim Pisarowicz ne ya fara gano Snotites a cikin wannan kogon a cikin 1986, wanda kuma ya kirkiro kalmar. 

Jerin *abubuwan al'ajabi na tsarin hasken rana na* BBC ya ga Farfesa Brian Cox yana nazarin snotites kuma ya nuna cewa idan akwai rayuwa a duniyar Mars, yana iya zama kamar dadadden tarihi kuma yana ɓoye a ƙarƙashin saman duniyar ja .

## Manazarta
Dutsen Arabiya

**Monte Arabí** dutse ne da ke cikin gundumar Yecla a cikin yankin Murcia, Spain. Tsayinsa ya kai mita 1,068 sama da matakin teku, kuma yankinsa kadan ne, wanda bai isa a yi la'akari da shi a matsayin tsaunuka ba. Dutsen da aka sani da *Cerro de los Moros* ko *Arabilejo* ya rabu da Monte Arabí ta wani kwazazzabo zuwa ƙarshen gabas.

Saboda ragowar al'adunsa, ɗimbin ɗimbin halittu, da kamanni na musamman, Monte Arabí sanannen wurin binciken kayan tarihi ne, nazarin halittu, da yanayin ƙasa.

An ayyana Monte Arabí a matsayin Abin tunawa na Halitta (Dokar No. 13/2016) a ranar Maris 2, 2016. 

## Archaeology
A gindinsa, akwai ragowar abubuwan tarihi na tarihi tun daga karni na biyu BC zuwa lokacin Romanization.

### Yankin Arabilejo
A *Arabilejo* akwai rugujewar katanga daga zamanin Bronze . An mamaye shi da wani babban dutse tare da basin halitta, wanda aka haɗa ta tashoshi na wucin gadi daban-daban. 

### Petroglyphs na Monte Arabi
A gindin *Arabilejo* yana kwance wani dutsen farar ƙasa. A kan tsawon 340 m da matsakaicin nisa na 25 m, akwai fiye da ƙungiyoyi 50 na petroglyphs, wanda ke nuna nau'in nau'i na hemispherical da aka haɗa tare da tashoshi masu kyau na sinuous, zane-zane mai siffar ƙafa ( *podomorphs* ), da da'irori.  

## Hotunan Cave na Monte Arabí
Mafi mahimmancin taska na wannan sararin samaniya shine fasahar zamani daga matsugunan  da , wanda ya ƙunshi fasahar dutsen Levantine (shekaru 10,000 da suka wuce) da fasahar ƙirar Iberian (shekaru 6,500 da suka wuce), UNESCO ta ayyana Gidan Tarihi na Duniya a cikin 1998. 

### Cantos de Visera
Hotunan dutsen na Cantos de Visera suna cikin matsuguni guda biyu na dutse, sakamakon rugujewar tsaunin da ke kusa.

* Tsari na I: Yana da siffofi 43 na salon dabi'a, wanda ke nuna fauna daga lokacin tsaka-tsaki tsakanin Paleolithic da Neolithic (6th/5th millennium BC), ciki har da dawakai, shanu, awaki, da barewa. Ana gabatar da zane-zane da ja.

* Tsari na II: Kwamitin yana nuna adadi 80, gami da wakilcin bijimai, dawakai, barewa, awaki, da tsuntsu mai yawo (ko dai shamuwa ko crane ), wanda aka kwatanta a cikin salon dabi'a. Siffofin ƙididdiga kamar su macizai, grids, layukan da suka karye, dige-dige, da ƙirar ido masu siffar tsafi su ma suna nan, duk suna cikin ja. 

### Cerro de los Santos
Kimanin kilomita biyu daga Monte Arabí, a cikin gundumar Montealegre del Castillo, ita ce Cerro de los Santos, wani muhimmin wurin tarihi na Iberian, gida ga kayan tarihi irin su Lady of Cerro de los Santos, kwatankwacin mahimmancin tarihi ga Lady of Elche da Lady of Baza . 

## Manazarta
Jerin guguwa a cikin jerin barkewar Mayu 2019

Daga tsakiyar shekarar zuwa ƙarshen Mayu 2019,  guguwar ta tsananta da ta shafi yawancin Amurka.  A cikin kwanaki 14, guguwa 400 ta afku a cikin jihohi 23.

## Guguwa da aka tabbatar

### Abubuwan da suka faru a ranar 18 ga Mayu

### Abubuwan da suka faru a ranar 19 ga Mayu

### Abubuwan da suka faru a ranar 21 ga Mayu

### Abubuwan da suka faru a ranar 22 ga Mayu

### Abubuwan da suka faru a ranar 23 ga Mayu

### Abubuwan da suka faru a ranar 24 ga Mayu

### Abubuwan da suka faru a ranar 25 ga Mayu

### Abubuwan da suka faru a ranar 26 ga Mayu

### Abubuwan da suka faru a ranar 27 ga Mayu
Cinikin jima'i a Turai

An bayyana fataucin jima'i a matsayin jigilar mutane ta hanyar tilasta, yaudara da / ko tilasta zuwa cikin yanayi na cin zarafi da bautar  kuma galibi ana danganta shi da aikata laifuka.

Jamus ta zama "cibiyar cin zarafin mata daga Gabashin Turai, da kuma wani bangare na aiki ga kungiyoyin masu aikata laifuka daga ko'ina cikin duniya".

Sayar da matasan mata zuwa bautar jima'i ya zama ɗayan kamfanonin masu aikata laifuka masu saurin girma a Tarayyar Turai. Duk da yake fataucin mutane ya wanzu tsawon ƙarni a duk faɗin duniya, ya zama damuwa mai yawa ga ƙasashe a Kudu maso gabashin Turai tun bayan faduwar Kwaminisanci. A cikin 1997 kadai an sayar da matasan mata 175,000 daga tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet da Gabashin Turai da Tsakiyar Turai a matsayin kayayyaki a kasuwannin jima'i na kasashe masu tasowa a Turai da Amurka. Matsalar tattalin arziki da alkawuran wadata sun bar mutane da yawa da ke fuskantar fataucin mutane a cikin kasashensu da kuma wuraren da ke wasu sassan Turai da duniya. Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ba da rahoton cewa ana sayar da mutane miliyan 4 a kowace shekara ba tare da son zuciyarsu ba don yin aiki a cikin wani nau'i na bautar.  

Matakan da ake dauka a kan fataucin mata suna mai da hankali kan manyan dokokin aikata laifuka da azabtarwa da inganta hadin gwiwar 'yan sanda na kasa da kasa. Akwai manyan kamfen na kafofin watsa labarai waɗanda aka tsara don zama masu ba da bayani ga jama'a, da kuma masu tsara manufofi da wadanda za su iya shafawa. A kasashe daban-daban inda matakan doka game da fataucin mutane har yanzu suna cikin jarirai, waɗannan kamfen ɗin kafofin watsa labarai suna da mahimmanci wajen hana fataucin.

## Tarihin fataucin mutane
Tun zamanin d ̄ a, an tilasta wa mutanen da aka ci nasara zuwa bautar kuma an kai su ga al'ummar da ta ci nasara. Wadannan mutane an ba su sabbin rayuka na bautar, a matsayin bayin ko bayi na jima'i. Kafin 4000 BC, babu wata shaida game da bautar jima'i da bautar a cikin al'adun ɗan adam. Girka da Roma sun kasance sanannun kama mutane da kuma yin bayi daga gare su. A cikin tsawo na Daular Romawa, an yi tunanin mutum ɗaya daga cikin mutane uku ya kasance bawa. An yi amfani da maza a matsayin ma'aikata, yayin da aka yi amfani da mata da 'yan mata don jin daɗi a cikin gidajen karuwai da kuma gidaje masu zaman kansu.

Daga Zamanin Tsakiya zuwa gaba, ana fataucin bayi maza da mata daga Arewa ko Gabashin Turai zuwa Gabashin Musulunci da al-Andalus; yayin da za a iya ba da saqaliba namiji aiki a ayyuka da yawa kamar ofisoshi a cikin kicin, falconry, mint, bita na masana'antu, gwamnati ko jami'in tsaro na sarauta (a game da masu tsaron mata, an castrated su), an sanya su a cikin haraliba. Daga wancan gefen duniyar musulmi, Gabas, lokacin da Cinikin bayi na Afirka zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya ke cikin cikakken motsi, bayi mata sun sami farashi mafi girma fiye da maza saboda darajar haihuwarsu, amma kuma saboda su abubuwa ne na jima'i da bayin.

## Manazarta
Jerin lambobin yabo na ilimin ƙasa

Wannan **jerin lambobin yabo na [[Ilmin duwatsu|ilimin ƙasa]]** shine alamar labarai game da sanannun lambobin yabo don ilimin ƙasa, kimiyyar ƙasa da ke damuwa da Duniya mai ƙarfi, duwatsu  da aka yi su, da kuma tsarin da suke canzawa a kan lokaci.  Ilimin kasa yana iya haɗawa da nazarin tabbatattun siffofi na kowace ƙasa ta duniya ko tauraron dan adam na halitta kamar Mars ko Wata.  Yankin da kuma ƙasar ƙungiyar da ke daukar nauyin wannan lambar yabo ce ta shirya jerin sunayen, amma ba a koyaushe ake ba da lambobin yabo ga mutanen ƙasar ba.  Dubi jerin lambobin yabo na kimiyyar duniya don lambobin yabo na kimiyyar duniya gabaɗaya, da kuma sauran rassan kimiyyar duniya.

## Amurka

### Kanada

### Chile

### Amurka

## Turai

## Sauran yankuna

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin kyaututtuka
* Jerin kyaututtuka na kimiyya da fasaha
* Jerin lambobin yabo na kimiyyar ƙasa
* Jerin lambobin yabo na ƙasa
* Jerin lambobin yabo na geophysics
Koguna na wucin gadi na Alapraia

**Kogon Artificial na Alapraia** ( Portuguese   ) ya zama prehistoric necropolis kafa ta kaburbura hudu na karkashin kasa ko hypogea wanda aka halitta ta hanyar hako dutsen marlstone ta amfani da kayan aikin dutse. Suna zaune a tsakiyar yankin Alapraia a cikin Estoril, gundumar Lisbon, Portugal kuma an yi imanin cewa sun kasance a cikin kwata na ƙarshe na 4th Millennium KZ kuma an yi amfani da su azaman necropolis fiye da shekaru dubu ɗaya.

## Kogo
Kogon guda hudu suna kewaye da su kuma, a wasu lokuta, suna karkashin gidaje na zamani kuma ana lissafta su daban-daban, bisa ga ranar da aka tono. Ana gano su a rukunin yanar gizon amma baƙi na yau da kullun ba za su iya isa gare su ba. Duk kogon suna da tsarin gini iri ɗaya, wanda ya ƙunshi dogon koridor ko ɗakin kwana don shiga, tare da ɗaki mai da'ira a ƙarshen tare da hasken sama a sama, kariya ta shinge. An yi imanin hakan ya ba da damar sanya gawarwakin a cikin ɗakin, lokacin da matakan zama suka daina ba da izinin shiga ta hanyar.  Kogon 1 yana da tsayin mita 19 kuma masanin ilmin ƙasa F. de Paula e Oliveira ya fara bayyana shi a cikin 1889. Wani ɗaki mai zagaye yana da diamita na mita 6.2 da tsayin mita 2.8 a tsakiya. Shi ne mafi girma a cikin kogo hudu kuma a lokacin da aka tono an yi amfani da shi azaman barga ko alade da kantin sayar da itace. An kewaye shi da katanga mai tsayi. Uba Eugénio Jalhay da Laftanar Kanar Afonso do Paço ne suka tono kogo 2-4. Kogon 2 yana da jimlar tsayin mita 9, tare da ɗakin oval yana da diamita na mita 4.2-4.4 kuma tsayi a tsakiyar mita 2.2. An hako shi ne a shekarar 1932. Kogon 3 yana da diamita na mita 6.20 kuma tsayinsa ya kai mita 2.40 kuma an hako shi a shekarar 1942. An gano kogo na hudu a lokacin aikin kafa maɓuɓɓugar ruwa.  An hako shi a cikin 1943 kuma yana da tsayin kusan mita 11, tare da wani ɗan ƙaramin ɗaki na oval na diamita na mita 4.35 da tsayi a tsakiyar mita 2.4. 

Abubuwan da aka gano sun samo asali ne da yawa tun daga al'adun Beaker na rabin na biyu na karni na 3 KZ, tare da tsofaffin tukwane daga zamanin Chalcolithic (Copper Age) da ƙarin binciken shekarun Bronze na kwanan nan. Abubuwan da aka gano sun haɗa da tasoshin yumbu da aka yi wa ado, kamar kwano da kofuna, faranti masu siffa mai siffar geometric, goge-goge na ƙasusuwa, ƙwanƙwasa, lu'u-lu'u, gumaka masu jefa kuri'a, da kwatankwacin dutsen farar fata na ƙafar ƙafa biyu na takalmi, waɗanda aka yi imani da su na musamman. Abubuwan da aka gano galibi suna cikin gidan kayan tarihi na Condes de Castro Guimarães da ke kusa da Cascais, inda aka buɗe ɗakin binciken kayan tarihi don nuna su a cikin 1942.  

## Manazarta
Gidan sarauta na Kropfenstein

**Kropfenstein Castle** sanannen yawon shakatawa ne, daya daga cikin Castles a cikin Waltensburg , Switzerland . Wuri ne na gadon Swiss mai mahimmanci na ƙasa . 

## Tarihi

Babu bayanan da suka tsira da ke nuna lokacin ko yadda aka gina wannan katafaren gini. Daga salon ginin ya bayyana an gina shi a karni na 13 kuma yana aiki har zuwa karni na 15. A karni na 14 Counts of Kropfenstein ya fara bayyana a cikin tarihin tarihi. Da alama sun karɓi sunan gidan sarauta lokacin da suka zauna a can. Baya ga yankin da ke kusa da katangar, Counts na da kusanci da *Herrschaft* na Rhäzüns. Layin Kropfenstein ya mutu a cikin karni na 15 kuma gidan ya fara fada cikin lalacewa. 

## Gidan gini
An isa gidan sarauta ta hanyar da aka yanke a cikin dutsen da ke gefen gabas. Daga karshe kuma an gina parapet a kan hanyar don hana fadowa.

Ganuwar katangar ta bi gefen dutsen yana mai da sifarsa ba ta ka'ida ba. Saboda bangon dutsen da ya mamaye, ginin ya kasance cikin yanayi mai kyau gabaɗaya tare da ƙarancin yanayi. Gidan sarauta yana da tsayin hawa uku tare da runguma waɗanda har yanzu ake iya gani akan benaye biyu na sama. Ba a san ainihin tsarin bene na gidan ba amma tabbas an raba shi zuwa dakuna da yawa. Dakin farko kusan  ne kawai fadi kuma an yi amfani dashi azaman ɗakin ajiya. Yankin yammacin katangar ya kai  fadi kuma yana ƙunshe da wuraren zama da kuma kicin. Babu wani abu da aka sani game da rufin katangar, amma yana iya zama kawai alfarwa don kiyaye ruwan sama. 

## Manazarta
Kogon Aroeira

**Kogon Aroeira** (  ) wuri ne na kayan tarihi da burbushin halittu a cikin Estremadura Limestone Massif na Portuguese . Kogon yana a ƙauyen Almonda, a cikin farar hula na Zibreira, a cikin gundumar Torres Novas a gundumar Santarém . Kogon ya ƙunshi duwatsu daga al'adun Acheulean Paleolithic, da kuma kwanyar *Homo heidelbergensis*, kusan shekaru 400,000. An sanar da gano *Aroeira 3* a cikin bazara 2017 - farkon alamar ɗan adam a Portugal.    

## Bincike
Kogon Aroeira wani bangare ne na tsarin Almonda- Karst, Wannan tsarin ya samo asali ne ta hanyoyin da aka tono a tudu daban-daban wadanda mahangansu tare da 70-m-high escarpment suna tashi sama da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa na kogin Almonda, wani rafi na kogin Tagus, ya dace da kasusuwan burbushin halittu na tafarkinsa na ƙarƙashin ƙasa. An rufe kofar shiga kogon gaba daya da rufin asiri a lokacin da aka fara aikin hakowa a shekarar 1998. 

Adadin da ke cikin kogon ya kai kimanin mita hudu kauri kuma an karkasa su zuwa nau'i nau'i. Nazari daban-daban masu zaman kansu sun bayyana shekaru kusan shekaru 400,000, saboda gano matakin isotope oxygen MIS 11c. Kwanan kuɗin ajiya na baya-bayan nan a cikin kogon an tsara shi zuwa shekaru 60,000 zuwa shekaru 40,000 (MIS 3c).

### Binciken farko: Aroeira 1 da Aroeira 2
An fara bincika kogon Aroeira daga 1998 – 2002 yana nuna babban taron lithic tare da Acheulean bifaces da ke da alaƙa da ragowar faunal da haƙoran ɗan adam guda biyu: Aroeira 1 ( canine mandibular hagu) da Aroeira 2 ( maxillary na uku na hagu). Aroeira 1 yana da matsakaicin girma kuma Aroeira 2 yana cikin mafi girma na Pleistocene na tsakiya na sama na dama na uku. Sun dace da ilimin halittar jiki a cikin sanannen bambance-bambancen hakora na Pleistocene na Tsakiyar Turai, kodayake Aroeira 2 yana da babban hypocone . 

Ragowar faunal sun tarwatse sosai, galibi sun ƙunshi keɓaɓɓun haƙora, ɓangarorin haƙora, ƙasusuwan carpal/tarsal, da guntun tururuwa. Abubuwan da aka gano sun haɗa da barewa da equids galibi, amma har da karkanda, bear da babban bovid (Bos/Bison), caprid, da kunkuru Testudo . 

### Ariya 3
Sabunta aikin filin a cikin 2013, mai da hankali kan kafa tarihin jeri ta hanyar U-jerin dating na ma'ajin ma'auni na ruwa, ya haifar da gano wani ɗan adam da aka kiyaye shi (Aroeira 3) wanda ke cikin breccia mai wuya zuwa ga tushen jerin. An kai katangar da ke ɗauke da babban ɓangaren cranium da ɓangarorin da aka ware zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje na Karewa da Maidowa a Jami'ar Complutense na Madrid don ƙarin shiri.

An dawo da cranium a cikin shekaru biyu. Kodayake an yi muhawara game da ainihin haraji, wasu mawallafa sun fi son rukuni na Aroeira 3 tare da sauran burbushin Pleistocene na tsakiya daga Afirka da Asiya a cikin wani nau'i na daban, Homo heidelbergensis. 

## Manazarta
Jerin lambobin yabo na geophysics

Wannan jeri na lambobin yabo na geophysics fihirisa ne ga labarai kan fitattun lambobin yabo don gudummawar zuwa ilimin lissafi, reshe na kimiyyar halitta wanda ya shafi tsarin jiki da kaddarorin zahiri na Duniya da kewayen sararin samaniya, da kuma amfani da hanyoyin ƙididdigewa don nazarinsu.  Jerin ya ba da ƙasar ƙungiyar da ke daukar nauyin wannan lambar yabo, amma ba lallai ba ne lambobin ya tsaya ga mutanen ƙasar.

## Kasashen Duniya

## Amurka

## Manazarta
Hukumar kula da Tallace-tallace

**Hukumar kula da Tallace -tallacen**  ( **ARB** ) ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta wacce membobin masana'antar sadarwar talla ta Afirka ta Kudu ta tsara kuma take ɗaukar nauyin kuɗi. Manufarta ita ce kulawa da  tsarin  na Afirka ta Kudu na talla.

## Tarihi
A shekarar 2018 aka samar da ARB bayan tsaurara  wanzar da Tsayayyar Hukumar Tallace-tallace ta kasar Afrika ta kudu (ASA) Ta zarce ASA ta bangaren dokar  sadarwar zamani ta ƙa'idojin aikin talla

A cikin shekarar 2021, ARB ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar fahimtar juna tare da Hukumar Sadarwar Mai Zaman Kanta ta Afirka ta Kudu don haɓaka batutuwan iznin watsa shirye-shirye masu alaƙa da talla. 

## Membobin kungiya
Membobin dasuka kafa ta sune:

* Ƙungiyar Sadarwa da Talla
* Ofishin Tallace-tallacen Sadarwar Afirka ta Kudu
* Ƙungiyar Talla ta Afirka ta Kudu

### Membobi

* Ƙungiyar Masu Buga Masu Zaman Kansu
* Ƙungiyar masu kayan sha ta Afirka ta Kudu
* Ƙungiyar Masu Watsa Labarai ta Ƙasa
* Ƙungiyar Masana'antar Abinci ta Kudancin Afirka
* Ƙungiyar Haɓaka Haɓaka ta Afirka ta Kudu
* Ƙungiyar masu Kayan kwalliya  turaren Wuta dana  Kamshi  ta Afirka ta Kudu
* Ƙungiyar Inshora  ta Afirka ta Kudu

## Iyakoki
A cikin Satumba na shekarar 2017, Kotun Koli ta daukaka kara ta yanke hukunci a *Herbex (Pty) Ltd v Hukumar Kula da Ka'idodin Talla* cewa ASA ce kawai take da ikon ba da umarni kan membobin.  

A cikin wani hukunci da a kayi a shekarar 2022, Kotun Koli ta daukaka kara ta tabbatar a cikin *Bliss Brands (Pty) Ltd v Hukumar Kula da Tallace-tallace ta NPC da Sauransu* cewa ARB na da ikon ba da umarni (don amfanin membobinta) kan duk wani talla (ciki har da tallace-tallacen da ba memba ba).  

acikin bayanin sashi na 55 na dokar sadarwar zamani tace ARB tana da hurumin shugabantar masu yada tallar. 

## Manazarta
Jerin tsaunuka masu fitattun wuta a Uganda

Jerin duk tsaunuka a Uganda 

Wannan sune  jerin tsaunuka masu aiki da wadanda ba su da wuta a Uganda.

## Manazarta
Maiti Nepal

**Maiti [[Nepal]]** (Nepali) kungiya ce mai zaman kanta a Nepal da aka sadaukar don taimakawa wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane. A halin yanzu, tana aiki da gidan gyarawa a Kathmandu, gidajen wucewa a garuruwan iyakar Indo-Nepal, gidajen kariya a cikin ƙauyuka, da kuma makarantar kimiyya a Kathmantu.

Kalmar 'Maiti' ba ta da fassarar zahiri a Turanci amma a cikin yaren Nepali kalmar 'maiti' tana nufin gidan iyayen haihuwar yarinyar. Kalmar kanta tana da darajar ji ga yawan mata na Nepal, "musamman ga mace mai aure Nepali wacce ba ta da wani hakki ga iyayenta ko dukiyarsu". Da zarar yarinya ta auri wani mutum, sai ta zama memba na dindindin na dangin mijinta. Tana da dukkan wajibai ga mijinta da sabon iyalinta. Kamar yadda wannan kungiyar ta kasance gida ga dukkan 'yan mata, mata, da yara waɗanda ba a yarda da su a cikin iyalansu da al'umma ba, an sanya wa wannan kungiya mai zaman kanta suna 'Maiti' Nepal don nuna ƙaunar da ƙauna da yarinya ke samu a wurin iyayenta.

## Tarihi
Maiti Nepal an kafa ta ne a cikin 1993 ta ƙungiyar ƙwararrun masu sana'a don "kariya ga 'yan mata da mata na Nepali daga laifuka kamar tashin hankali na gida, fataucin cinikin nama, karuwancin yara, aikin yara da sauran nau'o'in cin zarafi da azabtarwa". Tun daga shekara ta 1993, wannan kungiyar tana aiki don "hana fataucin karuwanci, ceto wadanda ke fama da cinikin nama da kuma farfado da su". Bayan ceto mata da yara, wannan kungiyar tana aiki da karfi don neman "adalci ga 'yan mata da mata da aka azabtar ta hanyar shiga cikin binciken aikata laifuka da yin yaƙe-yaƙe na shari'a da masu laifi". Saboda ci gaba da ƙoƙari, wannan ƙungiyar ta sami damar wayar da kan jama'a game da wannan muhimmiyar batun fataucin mata a matakin duniya.

## Manufar
Babban manufar Maiti Nepal ita ce samar da cikakkiyar rigakafin fataucin 'yan mata, ceto da sake farfado da wadanda suka tsira, ba da shawara ga adalci a cikin shari'o'in matan da 'yan mata da aka ceto, da kuma tabbatar da cewa ana daukar mataki mai inganci nan take a kan masu fataucin su.

## Wanda ya kafa Maiti Nepal
An haifi Anuradha Koirala a shekara ta 1949, ga iyayen Colonel Pratap Singh Gurung da Laxmi Gurung . An kira ta dijju na nufin [babban'uwa] daga waɗanda ta cece su. Ta kammala karatunta a makarantar maigidana a Kalimpong, Indiya . Ta yi wahayi zuwa gare ta don kafa wata kungiya don inganta yawan mata ta fito ne daga mummunan dangantakarta da mijinta, Dinesh Prasad Koirala . Mafi girman wahayi ita ce Uwargida Teresa . Bayan shekaru da yawa na tashin hankali, cin zarafi, da zubar da ciki uku, ta rabu da mijinta. Anuradha Koirala ta kafa Maiti Nepal a 1993 tare da manufar samar da ayyuka ga yara da mata waɗanda suka jimre da ciwo da wahala, sau da yawa a shiru. Ba wai kawai ta kafa Maiti Nepal ba, amma kuma ta kafa gidaje na wucewa, cibiyar ilimi da kiwon lafiya don samar da tallafi ga mata da yara waɗanda ba su da wani wuri da za su je.

## Manazarta
Kogon Zas (Naxos)

**Kogon Zas**, ko **Kogon Zeus**, wani tsohon kogon Girika ne da ke kan Dutsen Zas a tsibirin Naxos . An mamaye kogon daga Late Neolithic zuwa farkon lokacin Cycladic III .

Sakamakon rashin samun ragowar sarrafa amfanin gona, masana ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi sun nuna cewa, ba a yi amfani da kogon wajen zama a duk shekara ba, sai dai a yi amfani da shi wajen kiwon dabbobi a lokacin bushewar shekara.  An gudanar da tonon kogon a 1985-1986 da 1994. 

## Geography
Kogon Zas yana da nisan mita 630 sama da matakin teku kuma yana kudu maso gabas da Filoti, ƙauye a gindin dutsen. An samu manyan stalactites da stalagmites a cikin kogon. 

## A cikin labari
A cikin labarin Agathostenes na tarihin Naxos, Zeus ya yi kuruciyarsa a cikin kogo, a ɓoye daga mahaifinsa, Cronus . Wani sassaƙan dutse da aka samu a kusa da kogon yana karanta "Zeus Melosios," yana nufin Zeus a matsayin mai kare tumakin.   

## Manazarta
Kogon Bichitra

**Kogon Bichitra**, wanda aka fi sani da **Dhurkot Cave**, yana cikin Dhurkot, Nepal. An gano shi a cikin 1988. 

## Siffofin kasa
Ma'anar ma'anar wannan kogon yana da tsayi kusan mita 185, yana nuna mashigin farko tare da buɗewar yanayi da yawa. 

## Yawon shakatawa da ci gaba
Kokarin bunkasa Kogon Bichitra a matsayin wurin yawon bude ido ya samu tallafi mai yawa daga gwamnatocin kananan hukumomi, lardi, da na tarayya, tare da saka hannun jari sama da Rs. miliyan 20. Shugabannin addini na yankin, ciki har da Guru Ramchandra Das na Arvindra Ashram, sun yi nazari tare da inganta al'adun kogon. 

## Manazarta
Buraco das Araras (Goiás)

**Buraco das Araras - Dolina dos Maracanas** (BR-020) ( Turanci : Hole of the Macaws) ɗaya ne daga cikin manyan kogon quartzitic da ke cikin Jihar Goiás, Brazil . Tana da nisan  yamma da Brasília da  daga gundumar Bezerra, a cikin gundumar Formosa . An dauke shi daya daga cikin manyan sinkholes (dolinas) a duniya.

## Bayani
An gano shi a cikin 1912, an yi imanin cewa ramin ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rushewar rufin kogon. Kogon kansa yana da  zurfi da  fadi, yana cikin tsakiyar dajin ruwan sama mai yawa tare da manyan ferns na zamanin da. 

## Isa can
Don isa gare ta dole ne matafiyi ya yi tafiyar  daga Formosa, bin BR-020 arewa har zuwa ƙauyen Bezerra. Bayan tafiyar kilomita hudu, mutum ya juya hagu ya tuki kan hanya mai datti mai nisan  sannan ya juya hagu na tsawon kilomita biyu. 

## Manazarta
Kogon Pincheira

**Cueva de los Pincheira** mafaka ce ta dutse mai nisan  kudu maso gabashin Chillan, a cikin yankin Ñuble, Chile ta tsakiya . Matsugunin dutsen ya shahara da kasancewa maboyar 'yan'uwan Pincheira, gungun 'yan ta'addan sarauta . A lokacin babban yanayi akwai sake kunnawa a cikin kogon. 

Matsugunin dutsen yana cikin tsaunin Andes kusa da  .  A cikin 1820s matsugunin dutsen yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan sansani na 'yan'uwan Pincheira tare da sauran wurare kuma kusa da Chillán. Kimanin mutane dubu ne rahotanni suka ce sun taru a wurin a lokacin zazzau na 'yan uwan Pincheira. 

Labarin cikin gida ya ce wani farin alfadari ya bayyana a cikin dare a cikin ƙaramin ruwa na mafakar dutse.  Wai, wannan alfadari yana nuna hanyar zuwa ga ɓoyayyun dukiyar 'yan'uwan Pincheira.  Har ila yau, an ce da sanyin safiya ana jin wata katuka a kusa da matsugunin dutse; Bugu da kari, akwai maganganun cewa an ji kukan mata tare da keken.  Maganganun sun bayyana cewa wannan kukan ne na matan da haramtattun mutane suka yi garkuwa da su. 

## Manazarta
Jerin girgizar ƙasa a Cuba

Cuba tana cikin wani yanki tare da wani Tsari na kuskure aiki da yawa wanda ke samar da matsakaicin abubuwan girgizar ƙasa 2000 a kowace shekara. Duk da yake mafi yawan abubuwan da suka faru na girgizar ƙasa da aka yi rajista sun wuce ba tare da an lura da su ba, tsibirin ya sami mummunar girgizar kasa a cikin ƙarni huɗu da suka gabata, gami da manyan girgizar ƙasar da yawa tare da girman 7.0 ko sama da haka.

Kimanin kashi 70% na ayyukan girgizar kasa a Cuba suna fitowa ne daga yankin laifin Oriente, wanda ke cikin tsarin kuskuren Bartlett-Cayman wanda ke tafiya tare da gabar kudu maso gabashin Cuba kuma yana nuna iyakar tectonic tsakanin farantin Arewacin Amurka da farantin Caribbean..  Laifukan 12 da ke aiki a halin yanzu a Cuba sun haɗa da laifuffukan Cauto-Nipe, Cochinos da Nortecubana.  Girgizar kasa mai lalacewa da ta samo asali daga laifin Oriente ya faru a cikin 1766 Ms = 6.75).  Wasu bincike sun nuna akwai yiwuwar laifin Oriente zai haifar da girgizar kasa mai karfin awo 7, wanda hakan ke faruwa a watan Janairun 2020, mai girman 7.7, mafi girman rajista a tarihin kasar.

Shahararrun girgizar ƙasa a tarihin Cuban na baya-bayan nan sun haɗa da:
Auren Ronalda 2025

1. Farawa da Bayanin Mabuɗi

Ranar da sanarwar tayi: 11 ga Agusta, 2025.

Hanyar sanarwa: Georgina Rodríguez ta sanar da haɗin aure ta hanyar dandalin Instagram, inda ta nuna huɗuƙa mai duhu (diamond engagement ring) tare da rubutu: "Yes I do. In this and in all my lives." 

2. Tsakanin Tsawon Lokacin Soyayya

Ronaldo (mai shekaru 40 a 2025) da Georgina (mai shekaru 31 a 2025) sun kasance cikin soyayya kusan shekaru takwas bayan sun fara haɗuwa a 2017 

Wasu kafofin labarai sun fi karkata ga shekaru tara (nine years), bisa la'akari da lokacin da suka fara haɗuwa a 2016/2017 

3. Bayani Kan ’Yarinz uwa (da Iyali)

Rajista ta nuna cewa ba tare da an yi aure hukuma ba kafin wannan lokacin ba 

Su ma suna tare da yara daga baya: uban daya daga wata alaƙa ta baya (Cristiano Jr.) da kuma ’ya’ya biyu (Eva da Mateo) ta hanyar surrogacy, da waɗannan da suka haifa tare (Alana da Bella, bayan da ɗan gemawarsu – Angel – ya rasu a haihuwa a 2022) 

4. Dangane da Sarka mai Daraja

An nuna huɗuƙar da ta kasance maki na musamman – nauyi tsakanin 15 zuwa 35 carats, da wasu ƙiyason darajar zaren sun kai $2 miliyan zuwa $5 miliyan 

5. Bayanan Gaba ɗaya cikin Wikipedia Style

Mene ne ya faru: Cristiano Ronaldo ya yanke shawarar yin aure da Georgina Rodríguez, an tabbatar da su sun amince da haɗin aure cikin soyayya mai ɗorewa—ci gaba da shekaru takwas, sannan ta sanar da ‘yes I do…’ da huɗuƙa ta Instagram ranar 11 Agusta, 2025.

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Dukkanin Labarin Cikin Jimla: Misali (ƙasa da kalmomi 399)

Labarin:
A ranar 11 ga Agusta, 2025, Georgina Rodríguez (31) ta sanar da cewa ta angwance (engaged) da tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙasa da ƙasa Cristiano Ronaldo (40) a shafinta na Instagram, inda ta nuna wata sarka mai babban lu’u-lu’u da rubutun “Yes I do. In this and in all my lives.” 

Sun shafe kimanin shekaru takwas suna haɗe, tun bayan da suka fara soyayya cikin 2017 (wasu rahotanni sukan bayyana shekaru tara bisa haɗin da suka fara a ƙarshen 2016) . Tun kafin wannan sanarwar, ba a san cewa sun yi aure ba .

Sun raba maƙogwaro da yara — je Bassu Ronaldo ya haifi Christi­ano Jr. (2010) a baya, sannan surrogacy ta haifar da twins Eva da Mateo (2017), kuma tare sun haifi 'ya'yansu Alana da Bella a cikin wannan zaman tare (Angel, ɗan gemawarsu, ya rasu a haihuwa, 2022) .

Huɗuƙar da Ronaldo ya ba Georgina sun ba ta sara ce mai nauyi tsakanin 15 zuwa 35 carats, inda ƙwararren mai kayan ado ya ƙiyasta darajar ta tsakanin $2 miliyan zuwa $5 miliyan .

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Sriti Jha

**Sriti Jha** (; born 26 February 1986) Jha ta fara yin wasan kwaikwayo a 2007 tare da wasan kwaikwayo na matasa, *Dhoom Machaao Dhoom*, tana wasa da Malini Sharma . Jha daga nan ta kafa kanta a matsayin jagorar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo tare da hotonta na Sudha "Devika" Sharma Vashisht a cikin *Jyoti*, Sandhya Savratkar Pradhan a cikin *Rakt Sambandh* da Jhanvi Dobriyal / Sia Pratapsingh a cikin *Saubhagyavati Bhava?*">Dil Se Di Dua...  Saubhagyavati Bhava? Jha ta sami karbuwa sosai tare da hotonta na Pragya Arora Mehra a *Kumkum Bhagya* . A shekara ta 2022, ta shiga cikin Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi 12, inda ta gama a matsayi na 10 kuma ta zama ta uku a *Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 10* . 

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Jha a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu 1986 a Begusarai, Bihar .  Ta tafi zama tare da iyalinta a Kolkata, inda suka zauna na tsawon shekaru 10, sannan suka koma Kathmandu, Nepal. Daga nan sai suka koma New Delhi, inda ta ci gaba da karatunta a makarantar Laxman. Ta kammala digiri na farko a Turanci a Kwalejin Sri Venkateswara, New Delhi . Tana da 'yar'uwa mai suna Meenakshi da ƙaramin ɗan'uwa, Shashank .  

## Bayanan da aka ambata

## Haɗin waje

* 
* Sriti Jhaa kanInstagram
Barechhina

**Barechhina** ƙauyen Indiya ne a gundumar Almora, Uttarakhand, 18&nbsp;km daga hedkwatar gundumar, birnin Almora . .  Yana kan babbar hanya daga Almora -Barechhina-Dhaulchina-Sheraghat-RaiAgar- Berinag - Chaukori -Thal-Tejam zuwa Munsiyari .

## Fasahar tarihi
Barechhina kuma an lura da shi ga wuraren fatun dutsen da aka yi da fenti guda biyu, a 'Lakhudiyar', wanda a zahiri yana nufin 'kogon lakh daya',  a kan gabar kogin Suyal, yana da zane-zanen dabbobi, mutane da kuma tectiforms da aka yi da yatsunsu a cikin baƙar fata, ja da fararen launuka,   da stiwa da stiwa . 

Waɗannan hotuna yanzu sun zama abin jan hankali na yawon buɗe ido kuma  Hakanan wurin ne don zane-zanen dutsen archaeological wanda Cibiyar Fasaha ta Indira Gandhi ta National Center for Arts, New Delhi ke nazari. 

,   a Govt girls inter college. Wasu makarantu masu zaman kansu kuma suna aiki sosai kamar maharshi vidhya mandir. Sabuwar famfon mai na HP da aka buɗe yana aiki cikakke a cikin barechina kuma zaku iya cin abinci mai tsafta dare da rana a otal ɗin jai guru kusa da wasannin Bhatt tare da wurin kwana akan farashi mai ma'ana.

## Geography
Barechina yana nan a

## Kara karantawa

* *Rock art in Kumaon Himalaya*, na Mathpal, Yashodhar. New Delhi: Indira Gandhi National Center for Arts, Aryan Books International, 1995.  .

## Manazarta
Jerin girgizar ƙasa a Haryana

Haryana  Yana daya daga cikin jihohi 28 na Indiya, dake arewacin kasar.  Yana da nisan kilomita 128 (kimanin mil 80) daga Delhi, babban birnin Indiya.  Ƙasar Indiya tana da tarihin girgizar ƙasa.  Dalilin tsanani da yawan firgici da ake haifarwa shine saboda farantin Indiya da ke tuƙi zuwa Asiya akan ƙimar kusan mil 47 a kowace shekara.  A cikin 1956, an yi wani gagarumin girgizar ƙasa. A ranar 29 ga Mayu, 2020, Atyal na Rohtak shine farkon girgizar ƙasa..

## Girgizar ƙasa