Ella Sophonisba Hergesheimer

**Ella Sophonisba Hergesheimer** (Janairu 7, 1873 &#x2013; Yuni 24, 1943) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce, ba'amurkiya, mai zane, kuma mai bugawa wanda ta zana da kwatanta al'ummar Tennessee, gami da mata da yara na jihar. A matsayinta na mai buga littattafai,ta yi majagaba wajen yanke katako. 

## Kuruciya

An haifi Hergesheimer a Allentown, Pennsylvania a ranar 7 ga Janairu,1873. Iyayenta sune Charles P. Hergesheimer da Elamanda Ritter Hergesheimer.   An ƙarfafa ta don ƙirƙirar fasaha a lokacin ƙuruciyarta. 

Hergesheimer ita ce babbar jikanyar 'yar  wasan Philadelphia Charles Willson Peale, wanda ta sanya wa ɗayan 'ya'yansa mata suna Sophonisba bayan 'yar wasan Italiya, Sofonisba Anguissola . Hergesheimer ta zaɓi yin amfani da Sophonisba azaman sunanta na farko. 

## Ilimi
Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Zane na Mata ta Philadelphia na tsawon shekaru biyu,  sannan ta ci gaba da karatu a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Pennsylvania na tsawon shekaru hudu.  A Kwalejin Fine Arts ta Pennsylvania, ta yi karatu tare da Cecilia Beaux,Hugh Breckenridge, da William Merritt Chase .  Chase ya ɗauke ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun ɗalibanta, kuma ta shafe lokacin bazara na 1900 tana karatu a Makarantar Koyon bazara ta Chase's Shinnecock Hills a Long Island.  A matsayinta na babbar jami'a a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Pennsylvania, an yanke mata hukunci mafi kyawun almajira a ajin ta kuma an ba ta lambar yabo ta Cresson Traveling Scholarship.  

Wannan ya ba ta damar yin karatu a ƙasashen waje a Turai na tsawon shekaru uku, inda ta sami horo a Académie Colarossi kuma ta baje kolin a Salon Paris.  An jera ta a cikin ɗaliban Blanche Lazzell, wanda aka sani da katako mai launi na fari. 

## Aiki
Sakamakon samun aikinta wanda ya hada da nunin tafiye-tafiye na 1905 wanda kungiyar Nashville Art Association ya shirya,ta sami kwamiti a 1907 don zana hoton Holland Nimmons McTyeire, bishop na Methodist wanda ta gamsar da Cornelius Vanderbilt don baiwa Jami'ar Vanderbilt .  Don yin aiki a kan hukumar, ta ƙaura zuwa Nashville, Tennessee, inda ta ci gaba da zama sauran rayuwarta - ta fara zama a ɗakin studio a kan titin Church,daga baya kuma ɗaya a Avenue Eighth da Broadway.  Ta yi magana cikin jin daɗi game da yankin da mazaunanta, tana mai cewa: “Ƙasar da ke kusa da Nashville ita ce,wasu daga cikinsu,mafi kyaun da na taɓa gani -- babban fili mai albarka ga mai zanen wuri.Akwai rundunonin kyawawan mata da yara da ƙaƙƙarfan mazaje masu kyau don zaburar da manyan hotuna.” 

Ta kuma gudanar da azuzuwan zane-zane a Bowling Green, Kentucky, inda abokanta suka hada da abokan aikinta Frances Fowler,Sarah Peyton,da Wickliffe Covington.  Ta kuma ci gaba da abota ta rayuwa tare da mai zanen shimfidar wuri Orlando Gray Wales,  wanda ita ma ta girma a Allentown kuma ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Pennsylvania .

Hotunan da aka fi sani da Hergesheimer su ne na Kakakin Majalisar Joseph W. Byrns,Sr., wanda ke rataye a ginin Capitol na Amurka,da na Commodore Matthew Fontaine Maury,wanda ke rataye a Maury Hall a Kwalejin Sojojin Ruwa na Amurka a Annapolis, Maryland . . 

Ko da yake hoton shine tushen samun kudin shiga na farko, Hergesheimer tayi gwaji a wasu nau'ikan zane-zane da fasaha,gami da bugawa, wanda ta bi tare da mai zane Blanche Lazzell. 

## Mutuwa
Hergesheimer ta mutu a ranar 24 ga Yuni, 1943 a Davidson County, Tennessee . 

## Kyauta

* Lambar zinare, Nunin Appalachian (1910) 
* Lambar Zinariya, Bayyanar Jihar Tennessee (1926) 

## Manyan nune-nune
Kwararrun zane zane

* Ƙwun Mawakan Amurka
* Cibiyar Art na Chicago
* Corcoran Gallery na Art
* National Academy of Design
* New Orleans Art Association
* Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts
* Salon Amurka
* Nunin Sesquicentennial, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (1926) 
* Ƙungiyar Mawakan Masu Zaman Kansu

## Abokan aiki da alaƙa

* Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Mawakan Amurka
* Ƙungiyar Fasaha ta Amurka
* Ƙungiyar Fasaha ta Ƙasa
* New Orleans Art Association
* Salon Amurka
* Ƙungiyar Mawakan Masu Zaman Kansu
* Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙasa ta Kudu
* Washington, DC Watercolor Club

## Tari
Wasu daga cikin manyan masu tara ayyukan Hergesheimer sune: 

* Heckscher Museum of Art, Huntington, New York
* Morris Museum of Art, Augusta, Georgia
* Karatun Jama'a Museum, Karatu, Pennsylvania
* Gidan Tarihi na Jihar Tennessee, Nashville, Tennessee
* Amurka Capitol, Washington, DC
* Jami'ar Vanderbilt, Nashville, Tennessee
* Gidauniyar Red Roses guda biyu, Palm Harbor, Florida

## Nassoshi

## Kara karantawa

* Burton, Vincent. "Wasu Hotuna na Ella S. Hergesheimer." *Studio na kasa da kasa* 37 (Maris 1909): 32-33.
* Kelly, James C. "Ella Sophonisba Hergesheimer 1873-1943." *Tennessee Historical Quarterly* 44 (Summer 1985): 112-13.
* Knowles, Susan. "Ella Sophonisba Hergesheimer (1873-1943)." *Matan Musamman na Nashville* . Nashville: Ƙungiyar Tarihi ta Tennessee, 1985.

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje