Horace Ové

**Sir Horace Shango Ové** CBE (an haife shi **Horace Courtenay Jones** ; 3 ga Disamba 1936    – 16 ga Satumba 2023) ɗan fim ne ɗan ƙasar Trinidad, mai ɗaukar hoto, mai zane kuma marubuci wanda ke zaune a London, Ingila. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu shirya fina-finai baƙar fata masu zaman kansu da suka fito a Birtaniya a lokacin bayan yaƙi, Ové shine baƙar fata na farko da ya jagoranci wani fim mai tsayi, *Pressure* (1976).   A cikin shirin fim ɗinsa na baya-bayan nan mai suna *100 Years of Cinema*, Cibiyar Fina-finai ta Burtaniya (BFI) ta bayyana cewa: "Horace Ové babu shakka ya zama majagaba a tarihin Baƙar fata na Birtaniya kuma aikinsa yana ba da hangen nesa kan ƙwarewar Baƙar fata a Birtaniya." 

Ové ya gina aiki mai yawa kuma wani lokacin yana da cece-kuce a matsayin mai shirya fina-finai, yana tattara bayanai game da wariyar launin fata da kuma motsin Black Power a Birtaniya tsawon shekaru da dama ta hanyar daukar hoto da kuma fina-finai kamar su Nigger na Baldwin (1969), Pressure, da Dream to Change the World (2003). Fina-finan Ové, wadanda suka hada da Reggae (1971) da Skateboard Kings (1978), suma sun zama abin koyi ga masu shirya fina-finai masu tasowa. An ba shi lambar yabo ta jarumi a bikin karramawa na Sabuwar Shekara ta 2022 saboda ayyukan da ya yi wa kafofin watsa labarai.

## Shekaru na farko
An haifi Horace Ové a ranar 3 ga Disamba, 1936   a Belmont, Trinidad da Tobago, inda ya girma a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban iyali kuma "mai ɗan bohemian - cakuda 'yan Afirka, Indiya, Faransa da Sifaniyanci".  Kamar yadda Attilah Springer ta lura, "an haife shi a cikin dangin Jones.... Sunan Jones ba nasu bane tun asali, amma kakan Ové ya canza shi lokacin da yake son buɗe kasuwanci a tsakiyar Port of Spain ; Wuraren kasuwanci masu kama da na Indiya ba a karɓe su a wancan lokacin a Trinidad ta mulkin mallaka." 

Ové ya koma Landan, inda ya zauna a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa a Brixton, West Hampstead da Camden Town, inda ya auri wata baƙuwa 'yar ƙasar Ireland mai suna Mary Irvine, sannan ya yi karatu a Makarantar Fasaha ta Fina-finai ta London . 

## A matsayin daraktan fim
A shekarar 1966, Ové ya jagoranci fim ɗin *The Art of the Needle*, wani ɗan gajeren fim na ƙungiyar Acupuncture Association. A shekarar 1969, ya sake yin wani ɗan gajeren fim, mai suna *Baldwin's Nigger*, inda marubucin Baƙar fata James Baldwin - tare da mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a kuma ɗan wasan barkwanci Dick Gregory - suka tattauna game da gogewar Baƙar fata da asalinsu a Birtaniya da Amurka.  An ɗauki fim ɗin a Cibiyar Ɗaliban Yammacin Indiya da ke Landan, kuma an yi shi ne da laccar da Baldwin ya gabatar a watan Fabrairun 1968 da kuma zaman tambayoyi da amsoshi tare da masu sauraro.   

Fim ɗin Ové na gaba, wanda aka ɗauka a wani wasan kwaikwayo a Wembley Arena a shekarar 1970, fim ne na gaskiya mai suna *Reggae*,   wanda ya yi nasara a sinima kuma an nuna shi a talabijin na BBC . Daga baya Ové ya yi wasu shirye-shiryen bidiyo na BBC, ciki har da *King Carnival* (1973, a cikin jerin *The World About Us* ), wanda aka yaba a matsayin "ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun da aka taɓa yi game da tarihin Trinidad and Tobago Carnival ".  Sannan, a shekarar 1976, ya ba da umarni a fim ɗin da aka fi sani da shi, *Pressure* - fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na farko mai cikakken tsayi da wani daraktan Baƙar fata a Burtaniya ya rubuta, wanda ya rubuta tare da Samuel Selvon .  Yana ba da labarin wani matashi ɗan London wanda ya shiga ƙungiyar Black Power a shekarun 1970, *Pressure* ya nuna yanayin zaluncin 'yan sanda wanda a bayyane ya haifar da dakatar da shi na tsawon kusan shekaru uku ta hannun masu goyon bayansa, British Film Institute,  kafin daga baya aka fitar da shi ga jama'a.  

#### MANAZARTA