Li Keqiang

**Li Keqiang** ( Chinese    ; 3 ga Yuli 1955 – 27 ga Oktoba 2023) ɗan siyasa ne kuma masanin tattalin arziki na ƙasar Sin wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Firayim Ministan ƙasar Sin daga 2013 zuwa 2023 kuma shi ne memba na biyu a Kwamitin Zartarwa na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta ƙasar Sin (CCP) daga 2012 zuwa 2022. Li, fitaccen mutum a cikin tsararraki na biyar na shugabancin ƙasar Sin tare da Babban Sakataren Jam'iyyar CCP Xi Jinping, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsara manufofin tattalin arziki da gudanarwa na ƙasar a lokacin da yake kan mulki.

An haife shi a Hefei, lardin Anhui, a shekarar 1955, Li ya fara samun ci gaba a harkokin siyasar kasar Sin ta hanyar shiga cikin kungiyar matasa ta kwaminis ta kasar Sin (CYLC), inda ya zama sakatarenta na farko daga 1993 zuwa 1998. Daga 1998 zuwa 2004, ya yi aiki a matsayin gwamnan Henan da kuma sakataren jam'iyyar lardin. Daga 2004 zuwa 2007 ya yi aiki a matsayin sakataren jam'iyyar na Liaoning, babban ofishin siyasa a lardin. Daga 2008 zuwa 2013, Li ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin firaminista [note 1] a karkashin firaminista Wen Jiabao, yana kula da manyan ayyuka da suka hada da ci gaban tattalin arziki, sarrafa farashi, kudi, sauyin yanayi, da kuma kula da tattalin arziki.

Da farko an dauke shi a matsayin dan takarar zama shugaba mai muhimmanci, Li ya hau mukamin firayim minista a shekarar 2013. A lokacin mulkinsa, ya taimaka wa gwamnatin kasar Sin ta sauya muhimman abubuwan da ta sa a gaba daga ci gaban da ake samu daga fitar da kayayyaki zuwa wani muhimmin mataki kan amfani da kayayyaki a cikin gida, da kuma rage haraji. Ya kasance muhimmin mutum mai muhimmanci a bude yankin cinikayya na Shanghai, wanda aka bude a shekarar 2013. Bugu da kari, Li da majalisar ministocinsa sun fara shirin dabarun Made in China 2025 a shekarar 2015. Li ya jagoranci martanin da kasar Sin ta mayar kan annobar COVID-19 .

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Li Keqiang a ranar 3 ga Yuli, 1955 a gundumar Dingyuan da ke Hefei, lardin Anhui.   Mahaifinsa jami'in gida ne a Anhui. Li ya kammala karatunsa daga makarantar sakandare ta Hefei mai lamba 8 a shekarar 1974, a lokacin juyin juya halin al'adu, kuma an tura shi aikin kwadago a karkara a wani yanki na noma a gundumar Fengyang, Anhui . A can, ya shiga jam'iyyar kwaminis ta kasar Sin (CCP) a shekarar 1976 kuma ya zama shugaban jam'iyyar na kungiyar samar da kayayyaki ta gida .  An ba shi lambar yabo ta *mutum mai hazaka a nazarin tunanin Mao Zedong* a wannan lokacin. 

Li ya ƙi tayin mahaifinsa na ba shi damar jagorantar jam'iyyar gundumar, sannan ya shiga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Peking a shekarar 1978, inda ya zama shugaban majalisar ɗaliban jami'ar.  Ya yi karatu a ƙarƙashin Farfesa Gong Xiangrui, wani sanannen ƙwararre a fannin siyasa na ƙasashen yamma wanda ya yi karatu a Birtaniya.  Tare da abokan karatunsa, ya fassara muhimman ayyukan shari'a daga Turanci zuwa Sinanci, ciki har da littafin Lord Denning mai suna *The Due Process of Law* .  Ya sami digirin farko a fannin shari'a a shekarar 1982. 

### Henan (1998–2004)
Li ya zama gwamnan lardin China mafi karancin shekaru a watan Yunin 1998 lokacin da aka nada shi gwamnan Henan yana da shekaru 43. Ya kuma zama mataimakin sakataren jam'iyyar Henan.  A cewar jami'an lardunan da ke aiki tare da shi a lokacin, Li ya ki shiga duk wani liyafa ko manyan taruka masu kayatarwa wadanda ba su da alaka da ayyukan gwamnati.  A lokacin da yake gwamna, jin "mummunan sa'arsa" ya karu saboda faruwar manyan gobara guda uku a lardin. 

An mayar da Li aiki a matsayin sakataren jam'iyyar Liaoning a watan Disamba na 2004.  A can ya shahara da aikin "Maki Biyar da Layi Ɗaya", inda ya haɗa Dalian, Dandong, da sauran tashoshin jiragen ruwa cikin wata hanyar sadarwa mai cikakken tsari don inganta kwararar ciniki.  A watan Janairun 2005, Li ya kafa burin magance matsalolin ƙauye a lardin cikin shekaru uku, wani aiki da ya haɗa da gwamnatin tsakiya. Yaƙin neman zaɓen ya haifar da cire sama da murabba'in mita miliyan 12 na ƙauye a lardin nan da shekarar 2007 kuma ya sami goyon bayan jama'a.  A lokacin shugabancinsa a Liaoning, Li ya tsara " Li Keqiang index ", wata alama ta tattalin arziki da ba ta dace ba wadda ke da nufin kauce wa alkaluman GDP na lardin da ba a yarda da su ba, waɗanda galibi ana ƙara musu kumfa ta hanyar wucin gadi, don haka suna aiki a matsayin mafi kyawun alamar lafiyar tattalin arziki. Maimakon tattara bayanai kan jimillar yawan kayayyakin da ake fitarwa na tattalin arziki kawai, ya yi amfani da yawan kayan da ake fitarwa na jirgin ƙasa, yawan amfani da wutar lantarki, da jimillar rancen da bankuna ke bayarwa don tantance lafiyar tattalin arzikin. 

### MANAZARTA