Mbaye Diagne

**Mbaye Diagne** (18 Maris 1958 - 31 Mayu 1994) ya kasance jami'in soja na Senegal wanda ya yi aiki a Rwanda a matsayin mai lura da soja na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya daga 1993 zuwa 1994. A lokacin Kisan kare dangi na Rwanda, ya gudanar da ayyuka da yawa a kan kansa don ceton rayukan fararen hula.

An haifi Diagne a Senegal. Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Dakar, ya shiga makarantar École Nationale des Officiers d'Active ta Sojojin Senegal. Ya kammala karatunsa a shekara mai zuwa kuma daga ƙarshe ya kai matsayin kyaftin. An ba shi umurni na Kamfanin 3 na 6th Infantry Battalion kuma ya yi yaƙi a cikin Rikicin Casamance daga 1989 zuwa 1993.

A wannan shekarar, an tura Diagne zuwa Rwanda a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar masu lura da soja ta Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Afirka da aka ba da aikin sa ido kan Yaƙin basasar Rwanda, rikici da aka yi tsakanin gwamnatin da Hutu da Tutsi-led Rwanda Patriotic Front (RPF). Daga baya, an sanya shi a Ofishin Taimako na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don Rwanda (UNAMIR), rundunar kiyaye zaman lafiya ta Majalisar Dinkinobho da ake nufi don kula da aiwatar da Yarjejeniyar Arusha - yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da aka tsara don kawo karshen yakin. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1994, an kashe Shugaban kasar Rwanda. Masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Hutu sun fara Kisan kare dangi na Rwanda, suna kaiwa ga 'yan tsirarun kabilun Tutsi. Sun kashe Firayim Minista na Hutu mai matsakaici Agathe Uwilingiyimana, kuma Diagne ta ceci 'ya'yanta kuma ta tabbatar musu da hanyar fita daga kasar. Daga nan sai ya gudanar da ayyuka da yawa da kansa a kusa da Kigali a keta dokokin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na yin aiki, ya ɓoye Tutsis a cikin motarsa kuma ya kwashe su zuwa shigarwar Majalisar Dinkinobho. Ya kuma kare wasu Hutus kuma ya yi aiki don kare al'ummar Senegal da ke kasashen waje. Akwai kimantawa daban-daban game da yawan rayukan da Diagne ya ceci, wanda ya kai sama da 1,000.

A ranar 31 ga Mayu 1994, an kashe Diagne lokacin da wani bam da sojojin RPF suka kaddamar ya fashe kusa da motarsa yayin da aka dakatar da shi a wani wurin dubawa na gwamnati. Mutuwarsa ta sa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta dakatar da ayyukan agaji a Kigali. An mayar da jikinsa zuwa Senegal kuma an binne shi da cikakken girmamawar soja. A shekara ta 2005, an ba Diagne lambar yabo ta Knight a cikin National Order of the Lion na Senegal. Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya kirkiro Kyaftin Mbaye Diagne Medal for Exceptional Courage a shekarar 2014 don girmama shi.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Mbaye Diagne a ranar 18 ga Maris 1958 a Senegal Koki, yankin Louga, Senegal .  Harshensa na farko shi ne Wolof, amma ya koyi yin magana da wasu, gami da Turanci da Faransanci. Ya girma a Pikine, wani yanki na Dakar. Diagne na ɗaya daga cikin yara tara, kuma mutum na farko a cikin iyalinsa da ya halarci jami'a, yana karatu a Jami'ar Dakar. Ya auri Yacine Mar Diop kuma yana da ɗa, Cheikh, da 'yar, Coumba, tare da ita.

## Ayyukan soja

### Ayyukan Senegal
A watan Janairun 1983, Diagne ya shiga makarantar École Nationale des Officiers d'Active (Makarantar Kasa don Jami'an Ayyuka). Ya kammala karatu a watan Yulin 1984 kuma an sanya shi shugaban sashen 12th Training Battalion na Sojojin Senegal. A shekara ta 1985, an sanya shi mai gabatar da kara (mai shirya) a Ecole Nationale des Sous-Officiers d'Active (Makarantar Kasa ta Jami'an da ba su da kwamiti). Daga bisani ya kai matsayin kyaftin. A shekara ta 1989, an ba Diagne umurni na Kamfanin 3 na Battalion na Tarayya, daga baya Battalion 6 na Sojoji, a Bignona. Daga can, ya yi yaƙi a cikin rikici na Casamance har zuwa 1993.

### Hidima a Rwanda
A shekara ta 1993, an tura Diagne zuwa Rwanda a matsayin mai lura da soja wanda ke da alaƙa da ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Afirka da ke nufin saka idanu kan Yaƙin basasar Rwanda,  rikici da aka yi tsakanin gwamnatin Rwanda da ke ƙarƙashin rinjayar Hutu da Rwanda Patriotic Front (RPF) da ke ƙarƙashin jagorancin Tutsi. Daga baya a wannan shekarar, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kirkiro Ofishin Taimako na Rwanda (UNAMIR), rundunar kiyaye zaman lafiya ta Majalisar Dinkinobho da ake nufi don kula da aiwatar da Yarjejeniyar Arusha - yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da aka tsara don kawo karshen yakin. Daga nan aka sake sanya Diagne zuwa UNAMIR  kuma ya yi aiki a hukumance a matsayin jami'in hulɗa na soja tsakanin UNAMIR da gwamnatin Rwanda.   A ranar 6 ga Afrilu 1994, an harbe jirgin da ke dauke da Shugaban Rwanda, Juvénal Habyarimana. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka yakin basasa ya ci gaba yayin da masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Hutu suka koma karbar mulki kuma suka fara Kisan kare dangi na Rwanda, suna niyya ga 'yan tsirarun kabilun Tutsi. Interahamwe, 'yan bindiga masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Hutu, sun gina shingen hanya a fadin babban birnin Rwanda, Kigali, don tantance Tutsis. Kashegari da safe Firayim Minista Agathe Uwilingiyimana, wani dan Hutu mai matsakaici wanda ya fi son tattaunawa kan yarjejeniyar raba iko tare da Tutsis, sojoji na Tsaron Shugaban kasa sun kashe shi a gidanta a Kigali. An kuma kashe masu kiyaye zaman lafiya goma na Belgium da aka sanya wa kariya. Diagne ya ji jita-jita game da kisan Uwilingiyimana daga mutanen da suka gudu zuwa Hôtel des Mille Collines, wanda masu zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suka mamaye. Ya zo ya bincika kuma ya sami 'ya'yan Firayim Minista huɗu da aka ɓoye a cikin gidan da ke kusa da Shirin Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.   Daga baya a wannan safiya Kwamandan Sojojin UNAMIR Janar Roméo Dallaire - wanda kuma ke binciken inda Uwilingiyimana yake - ya sauka zuwa fili kuma ya sadu da Diagne a bayan ƙofofin. Kyaftin din ya sanar da shi kisan Firayim Minista kuma ya nuna damuwa cewa masu tsaron shugaban kasa za su dawo su kashe yaran. Kafin tashi, Dallaire ya tabbatar wa Diagne cewa Masu dauke da makamai na UNAMIR za su zo daga baya a wannan rana don ceto yara da ma'aikatan UNDP. Diagne ya zaɓi jira tare da yara, amma motocin makamai ba su taɓa bayyana ba. Daga nan Diagne ya sanya yara a cikin wurin zama na baya na motarsa, ya rufe su da tufafi, kuma ya kawo su otal. Daga can ya kwashe yara da yawa daga wuraren dubawa na Interahamwe kuma ya kawo su Filin jirgin saman kasa da kasa na Kigali inda ya tabbatar musu da hanyar lafiya a cikin jirgin saman Kanada zuwa Kenya.

## Manazarta

## Bayanan da aka ambata

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