Mary Meeker

**Mary Meeker** (an haife ta a watan Satumba 1959)  ƙwararriyar 'yar jari-hujja ce ta Amurka kuma tsohuwar mai sharhi kan harkokin kuɗi a Wall Street . Babban aikinta shine kan Intanet da sabbin fasahohi. Ita ce wadda ta kafa kuma babbar abokiyar hulɗa a BOND, wani kamfanin jari-hujja da ke San Francisco .  Ta taɓa yin aiki a matsayin abokin tarayya a Kleiner Perkins .  

An kira Meeker da "Sarauniyar Intanet".  A shekarar 2021, an saka ta a lamba ta 84 a cikin mace mafi ƙarfi a duniya. Ta kasance "jagorar VC mai ci gaba a *jerin Midas* ," ta bayyana a lamba ta 21 a shekarar 2021. A shekarar 2022, ita ce ta 2 a jerin mata masu zuba jari.  

A shekarar 2023, Meeker ta kasance ta 85 a jerin Forbes na " mata 100 mafi iko a duniya ".

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Meeker a Portland, Indiana, ga iyayenta Gordon da Mary. Tana da ɗan'uwa, Dick, wanda ya fi ta shekaru 21. Mahaifinta Gordon "mai ƙwazo ne a fannin golf ", wanda ya sa Meeker ya zama kyaftin na ƙungiyar golf a Makarantar Sakandare ta Jay County ; ta yaba wa mahaifinta "mai ƙarfin hali da gasa" saboda halayenta na nau'in A.

Meeker ta sami digirin BA a fannin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam daga Jami'ar DePauw a shekarar 1981 da kuma digirin MBA a fannin kuɗi daga Jami'ar Cornell a shekarar 1986.  A watan Mayu na shekarar 2000, ta sami digirin girmamawa na Doctor of Letters daga DePauw. 

## Sana'a
A shekarar 1982, Meeker ta shiga Merrill Lynch a matsayin dillalin hannun jari . Bayan kammala karatunta, ta fara aiki a matsayin mai sharhi kan fannin fasaha a Salomon Brothers a shekarar 1986.  Ta yi aiki a Cowen daga 1990 zuwa 1991 kafin ta koma Morgan Stanley don ta ƙware a fannin kula da kwamfutoci na sirri da na masu amfani da manhajoji. 

### Morgan Stanley
A watan Agusta na shekarar 1995, Morgan Stanley ya yi aiki a matsayin babban manaja na kamfanin Netscape IPO . A watan Fabrairun shekarar 1996, Meeker da Chris DePuy a Morgan Stanley sun buga "Rahoton Intanet", wani rahoto mai muhimmanci na masana'antu wanda aka fi sani da "Bible" ga masu zuba jari a cikin harkar tallan dot .  An yada shi sosai a yanar gizo kuma an buga shi a matsayin littafi. Tsawon shekaru, Morgan Stanley ya buga irin wannan rahotanni masu muhimmanci wanda Meeker ya jagoranta kan tallan kan layi, kasuwancin e-commerce, juyin halittar bincike, Intanet a China, da Intanet ta wayar hannu .

An yi wa Meeker zagon kasa a cikin manema labarai a matsayin daya daga cikin fitattun masu sharhi wadanda aka yi wa tambayoyi a binciken zamba bayan fashewar kumfa ta dotcom a shekarar 2000 zuwa 2002.  Ba a tuhumi Meeker da wani laifi ba. An tilasta wa Morgan Stanley da wasu kamfanonin saka hannun jari tara shiga cikin yarjejeniyar shari'a ta duniya .

A watan Agusta na 2004, Morgan Stanley, tare da Meeker a matsayin mai sharhi kan bincike, ya yi aiki a matsayin babban manaja na IPO na Google .  An siffanta Meeker da Andrew Serwer a cikin mujallar Fortune a shekarar 2006 a matsayin "mafi girman matsayi idan ana maganar gano manyan abubuwan da ke faruwa kafin su fara mayar da hankali. Tana tattara bayanai masu yawa kuma tana tattara su cikin rahotanni masu yawa waɗanda, yayin da wani lokacin suke da sha'awa da kuma buri, suna cike da maki miliyan ɗaya masu tsalle-tsalle."  Sau da yawa ana yaba wa Meeker saboda cikakken bayani game da masana'antar Intanet ta shekara-shekara a tarurrukan Web 2.0 a San Francisco a kowace kaka.

A lokacin rikicin Morgan Stanley a watan Afrilun 2005 lokacin da ake yin nazari sosai kan shawarwarin gudanarwa na Shugaba Phil Purcell, Meeker, tare da abokan aikinsa Steve Roach, Byron Wien, da Henry McVey, sun rubuta wasiƙa ga abokan aiki Zoe Cruz da Steve Crawford waɗanda suka bayyana damuwarsu game da lalacewar al'adar kamfanin.  Wasiƙar ta yi aiki a matsayin muhimmiyar hanyar ƙara mayar da hankali ga hukumar gudanarwa kan zurfin ƙalubalen da Morgan Stanley ke fuskanta a lokacin. A watan Yunin 2005, an naɗa John J. Mack a matsayin Shugaba na Morgan Stanley, wanda ya maye gurbin Phil Purcell . An saka kwafin wasiƙar a cikin littafin Patricia Beard mai *suna Blue Blood and Mutiny: The Fight for the Soul of Morgan Stanley* wanda HarperCollins ya buga, 2007. An naɗa Meeker a matsayin "ɗaya daga cikin mutane goma mafi wayo a fannin fasaha" ta mujallar *Fortune* a 2010. 

### Kleiner Perkins
A watan Disamba na 2010, Meeker ta bar matsayinta na manaja darakta a Morgan Stanley da kuma shugaban ƙungiyar bincike kan fasaha ta duniya ta bankin don zama abokin tarayya a kamfanin jari na Kleiner Perkins, inda ta shiga cikin yarjejeniyoyi sama da 20 daban-daban. Meeker tana aiki a kwamitin samar da sa hannu na lantarki DocuSign,  kamfanin biyan kuɗi ta wayar hannu Square, Inc.,  da kuma kamfanin ba da lamuni na Peer-to-peer Lending Club . 

A watan Fabrairun 2011, Meeker ya ƙirƙiri kuma ya tattara wani rahoto mai suna 'USA Inc.,' wanda ba na jam'iyya ba ne wanda ya kalli gwamnatin Amurka (da kuma harkokin kuɗi) daga mahangar kasuwanci. Hannun jarin da Meeker ya yi nasara a farkon ya yi fice sun haɗa da Dell, Microsoft, Intuit, Netscape, AOL, Amazon.com, Yahoo!, eBay da Google . Zaɓuɓɓukan da suka gaza sun haɗa da AOL bayan ya karɓi Time Warner, Excite@Home, da drugstore.com .

Meeker yana ɗaya daga cikin shaidu a shari'ar nuna wariya ga jinsi ta Ellen Pao . 

### BOND
A watan Satumba na 2018, Meeker ta bar Kleiner don fara kamfanin jari na kanta, **Bond Capital** (mai salo BOND), wanda ke da hedikwata a San Francisco .  Ta tara dala biliyan 1.2 don asusunta na farko.  A watan Mayu na 2019, BOND ta sanar da saka hannun jari na farko daga asusun, dala miliyan 70 a cikin dandamalin fayil na kan layi na Canva .  A watan Maris na 2021, BOND ta rufe asusunta na biyu da dala biliyan 2 a cikin alkawuran jari. 

## Rahoton Yanayin Intanet
Rahoton Yanayin Intanet na Meeker yana ɗaya daga cikin rahotannin shekara-shekara da ake sa ran masu zuba jari a fannin fasaha za su bayar.  Ta wallafa shi kowace shekara tun daga shekarar 1995 lokacin da take manazarci a fannin fasaha a Morgan Stanley har zuwa shekarar 2019. 

Rahoton ya ƙunshi bayanai da nazari kan manyan abubuwan da ke tsara Intanet, ɗabi'un masu amfani da kuma sauye-sauyen al'adu.   An buga rahoton a ƙarshe a shekarar 2019 a taron Vox/Recode's Code Conference. 

A watan Mayu na shekarar 2025, BOND ta buga rahotonta na farko na Trends akan Artificial Intelligence . Ganin cewa Meeker ta kasance marubuciya ta farko, wannan zai zama rahotonta na farko na Trends tun daga shekarar 2019.

## Manazarta