Maria Cederschiöld

**Hedvig ''Maria'' Reddita Cederschiöld** (an haife ta a ranar 29 ga watan Yuni 1856, Stockholm – 19 Oktoba 1935, Stockholm) yar jaridar Sweden ce kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata. Ita ce babbar editan ofishin harkokin waje a *[[Aftonbladet]]* a cikin 1909-1921, kuma mace ta farko a Sweden da ta sami wannan matsayi a jaridar Sweden. Ta kasance sakatare da mataimakiyar shugabar reshen Sweden na Majalisar Mata ta Duniya .

## Rayuwa
An haifi Maria Cederschiöld ga hukuma kuma mai daraja Gustaf Cederschiöld (1812-1860) da Elsa Vilhelmina (Mimmy) Borg (1820-1889) kuma ita ce 'yar'uwar masanin harshe Gustaf Cederschiöld . Bayan mutuwar mahaifinta a shekara ta 1860, iyalin sun zauna a cikin ƙananan yanayi a gidan kakarta. Ta yi karatu a Statens normalskola för flickor a 1864-1870 da Wallinska flickskolan a 1872-74.

A cikin 1874, ta ɗauki *Studentexamen* ta a Gymnasium (makarantar) a Stockholm. Da yake har yanzu babu makarantun da aka bude wa mata wadanda ke da hakkin bayar da irin wannan digiri (wanda aka gabatar da gyara a cikin wannan shekarar), ita da sauran dalibai mata hudu sun yi karatu a gida sannan suka halarci jarrabawar tare da dalibai na yau da kullun a dakin motsa jiki na maza. Ɗaya daga cikin sauran 'yan mata uku ita ce abokiyar rayuwarta, Ellen Fries .

Saboda dalilai na tattalin arziki, ba ta iya bin burinta na karatu a jami'a bayan jarrabawa, saboda dangin sun fi son samun kudin karatun dan uwanta. Saboda haka, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai mulki a 1874-1876, a matsayin mai fassara a 1876-1877 kuma a matsayin malami a Wallinska flickskolan a 1877-1884. Duk da cewa an kwatanta ta a matsayin kyakkyawa da ta ja hankalin mutane sosai a shekarun 1870, ba ta taba yin aure ba. A gaskiya ma, a wani lokaci, ta kasance da rahoto a cikin soyayya da Knut Wicksell, amma ta same shi ma mai tsaurin ra'ayi. An bayyana Maria Cederschiöld a matsayin mai hazaka, mai hazaka kuma mai karfi da niyya, amma kuma a matsayin mai shiga tsakani da kebewa.

A ranar 4 ga Nuwamba 1884, Maria Cederschiöld ta yi aiki a Aftonbladet . An ba ta mukamin wani bangare ta hanyar tasirin Anna Hierta-Retsius, babban mai hannun jari a Aftonbladet kuma ta auri edita a lokacin. Ta yi fassarori, ta rubuta labaran labarai na kasashen waje da kuma bitar wallafe-wallafe a matsayin mai suka. A cikin 1909, ta gaji Ernst Wallis a matsayin shugaban sashen labarai na kasashen waje, kuma an ba ta alhakin duk labaran kasashen waje. Ita ce 'yar jarida ta farko a Sweden a irin wannan matsayi kuma, don haka, ta zama majagaba. A 1911, ta zama memba na Swedish Publicists' Association .

A cikin 1918, ta bayyana lokacinta na farko a cikin aikin jarida kuma ta yi sharhi cewa a gaskiya ya kasance ƙasa da rigima ga mace ta zama ɗan jarida a cikin 1880s, lokacin da 'yantar da mata har yanzu wani sabon abu ne da ake maraba da shi kuma ba irin wannan tsokanar ba kamar yadda zai kasance daga baya:
Maria Cederschiöld kuma ta kasance mai fafutuka a matsayin mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata a cikin kasa da kuma na duniya. Tsakanin 1884 da 1900, ta kasance sakatariyar *Svenska Kvinnors Nationalförbund*, reshen Sweden na Majalisar Mata ta Duniya, da mataimakiyar shugabar ta daga 1909 zuwa 1919, kuma ta shiga a matsayin wakilin Sweden a majalissar sa a London 1899, Paris (tare da taron Hilda Sachs 190) a Berlin . Dresden 1904 da Berlin 1912. A cikin 1902, ta rubuta roko tare da sa hannun 4154 don nuna goyon baya ga zaɓen mata da Ƙungiyar Fredrika Bremer ta aika zuwa majalisar dokoki kafin ƙirƙirar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Mata ta Ƙasa . Cederschiöld memba ce ta ƙungiyar mata Nya Idun . A cikin 1892–1895, ita ce sakatariyar Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Mace ta Mace . Ta kuma tsunduma cikin wasu kungiyoyin farar hula da dama na yancin mata, jindadi da adabi.

## Ayyuka

* *Lars Johan Hierta och kvinnas rätt i samhället* ( Lars Johan Hierta da yancin mata a cikin al'umma) 1901
* *Den svenska gifta kvinnans rättsliga ställning* (Matsayin shari'a na matar Sweden mai aure) 1903
* *En banbryterska.* *En minnesskrift da Ellen Fries* (Majagaba. A memorial over Ellen Fries ) 1913

## Duba kuma

* Wendela Hebbe

## Manazarta