Farfadowar Gaelic

Sha'awar al'adun Gaelic ya bayyana a farkon karni na sha tara tare da kafa Belfast Harp Society a 1808 da Ulster Gaelic Society a 1830, kuma daga baya a cikin ayyukan ilimi na Robert Shipboy MacAdam, John O'Donovan da Eugene O'Curry, da kuma kafa Ƙungiyar Ossianic. Damuwa da yaren Irish da ake magana ya haifar da kafa Society for the Preservation of the Irish Language a 1876, da Gaelic Union a 1880. Wannan na ƙarshe ya samar da *Jaridar Gaelic* . Wasannin gargajiya na Irish sun bunkasa ta Gaelic Athletic Association, wanda aka kafa a 1884.

Gaelic League () an kafa ta ne a 1893 ta hanyar Eoin MacNeill da sauran masu sha'awar harshen Gaelic da al'adu. Shugabanta na farko shi ne Douglas Hyde . Manufar ƙungiyar ita ce ta ƙarfafa amfani da Irish a rayuwar yau da kullun don magance ci gaba da anglicisation na ƙasar. Ya shirya tarurruka na mako-mako don tattauna Al'adun Irish, ya shirya tarurrukan tattaunawa, ya shirya kuma ya buga jarida mai suna , kuma ya yi nasarar kamfen don a haɗa Irish a cikin tsarin karatun makaranta. Gasar ta girma da sauri, tana da rassa sama da 48 a cikin shekaru hudu da kafuwarta da 400 a cikin 10. Yana da alaƙa da wasu ƙungiyoyin al'adu na lokacin, kamar su ƙungiyar Pan-Celtic da Irish Literary Revival .

## Motsi na farko

### "Renaissance" na Belfast
Belfast "renaissance of Irish music", wanda ya ga shirya taron Belfast Harpers Assembly a watan Yulin shekara ta 1792,  an gan shi a matsayin "mai gabatarwa ta ƙarni na Irish Gaelic Revival",  kuma ya kasance "farkon doguwar dangantaka tsakanin Furotesta na arewa" da gwagwarmaya don adanawa da ci gaba da harshen Irish".  A cikin shekara ta 1795, tare da manufar hana "cikakken watsi da kuma yada kyawawan abubuwan wannan tsohuwar yaren da aka yaba da shi", Northern Star, jaridar United Irish-langu, ta Irish, ta samar da yaren Irish.[4] A cikin wannan shekarar, Star ta tallata azuzuwan a cikin yaren da Pádraig Ó Loingsigh (Patrick Lynch) ya bayar a Kwalejin Belfast.

A cikin 1808, daya daga cikin manyan masu shirya bikin garaya, likita kuma polymath, James MacDonnell ya kafa kungiyar Belfast Harp Society. Baya ga "tsaron kiɗa na ƙasa da kayan aikin ƙasa na Ireland", ya nemi sayen da rarraba "bayanai game da harshe, tarihi da kayan tarihi na Ireland".

Tare da ƙarin biyan kuɗi daga MacDonnell, kuma tare da goyon bayan Mary Ann McCracken (wanda aka sani ya yi karatu daga harshen Irish na Charles Vallency),  da abokinta Gaeilgeoir, mawaki Mary Balfour na Limavady,  Society ta shirya ɗaliban yaren Irish. James Cody ne ya samar da waɗannan. wanda ya yi amfani da *Gabatarwa ga Harshen Irish* (1808)  wanda ministan Presbyterian William Neilson (Uilliam Mac Néill) ya tattara. 

Daga 1828/30, MacDonnell ya ci gaba da wannan aikin a matsayin shugaban *Cuideacht Ga Hornilge Uladh* (Ulster Gaelic Society).  Al'ummar sun mayar da hankali kan yaren Irish na zamani, maimakon a cikin yaren gargajiya na rubuce-rubuce, amma sun musanta bisharar addini wanda ya shawo kan wasu Furotesta su bi irin wannan sha'awa. Tare da Tomás Ó Fiannachta, Robert Shipboy MacAdam, sakataren hadin gwiwa na al'umma, ya buga Gabatarwa ga harshen Irish da aka nufa don amfani da ɗaliban Irish a cikin Royal Belfast Academical Institution  - ƙamus don makarantar da William Drennan da sauran tsoffin sojan United Irish suka kafa a kan ka'idojin ci gaba.

## Manazarta