Nancy Adler

**Nancy Elinor Adler** (an haife ta ne a watan mYuli 26, 1946 - Janairu 4, 2024) masaniyar ilimin halayyar dan adam ce ta Amurka. Ta kasance Lisa da John Pritzker Farfesa na ilimin halayyar likita a Jami'ar California, San Francisco (UCSF), kuma darakta na Cibiyar Lafiya da Kimiyya ta UCSF. An san Adler da bincikenta game da halayyar kiwon lafiya, bambancin kiwon lafiya.

Adler ta kasance darektan Cibiyar Bincike ta Gidauniyar MacArthur kan Yanayin Tattalin Arziki da Lafiya daga kafuwarta zuwa Disamba 1996.  Ta kasance darakta na Shaida don Aiki (E4A), shirin kiwon lafiya na UCSF wanda Gidauniyar Robert Wood Johnson ta tallafawa.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Adler a Manhattan a ranar 26 ga Yuli, 1946.  Mahaifinta mai siyarwa ne kuma mai kera tufafi kuma mahaifiyarta malama ce. Daga baya iyalin suka koma Denver.

Adler ta kammala karatun digiri a Kwalejin Wellesley, inda ta gudanar da bincike tare da Claire Zimmerman .  Ta shiga Shirin PhD a Harkokin Jama'a a Jami'ar Harvard a shekarar 1968 kuma Herbert Kelman ne ya jagoranci ta, gwani ne kan tasirin zamantakewa da rashin fahimta. Don takardar jarabawarta ta PhD ta 1974 mai taken "Matsayin Mata ga zubar da ciki na warkarwa: Nazarin Halitta na Jama'a"  Adler ta yi hira da mata kafin da kuma bayan samun zubar da cikin warkewa (ƙarewar ciki saboda dalilai na kiwon lafiya kamar rashin daidaituwa na tayin, sabanin daya saboda dalilai marasa lafiya kamar damuwa na kudi). Ta gano cewa halayen mata gabaɗaya suna da kyau kuma suna nuna dabarun magance lafiya.

Adler ta koyar a Jami'ar California, Santa Cruz kafin ya shiga bangaren UCSF. A shekara ta 1980, ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Society for Environmental, Population, and Conservation Psychology (APA Division 34).  Adler ta jagoranci kwamitocin NAM da yawa da bita a kan batutuwa ciki har da zubar da man Deepwater Horizon, cututtukan da ake samu ta hanyar jima'i, maganin zamantakewar mutum ga marasa lafiya, da Lafiyar mata.

## Bincike
Adler an fi saninta da bincikenta wanda ke nuna cewa mutanen da ke da ilimi da kuma samun kudin shiga mafi girma, da kuma imani cewa suna da matsayi mafi girma fiye da wasu, sun fi lafiya kuma suna rayuwa fiye da mutanen da ba su da dama.

## Daraja da kyaututtuka
Adler ta kasance ɗan'uwan American Psychological Society (APS) da American Psychological Association (APA), da kuma memba na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka  da Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Kasa (NAM). 

Adler ta sami lambar yabo ta APA Distinguished Scientific Award for the Applications of Psychology a shekara ta 2009.  Kyautar ta ambaci "bincike kan lafiyar haihuwa da ke nazarin yanke shawara na matasa game da hana daukar ciki, da kuma fahimtar haɗarin cututtukan da ake samu ta hanyar jima'i, da kuma fahimta game da muhimmancin hanyoyin tunani wajen bayyana dalilin da ya sa matsayin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki ke da alaƙa da lafiyar jiki. "  Sauran kyaututtuka sun haɗa da:

* Kyautar Kyautar Jagora ta J. Michael McGinnis daga Kungiyar Interdisciplinary don Kimiyya ta Lafiya ta Jama'a (2020) 
* Medal na Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta New York don Kyautattun Gudummawa a Kimiyya ta Biomedical (2017) 
* Kyautar James McKeen Cattell Fellow (2013) 
* Kyautar APA Newman-Proshansky don Nasarar Rayuwa a cikin ilimin halayyar jama'a (2011) 
* NAM David Rall Medal (2010) 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
A shekara ta 1975, Adler ta auri Arnold Milstein .  Sun hada kai kan bincike   kuma suna da 'ya'ya mata biyu, Julia da Sarah, tare.  Julia Adler-Milstein farfesa ce a fannin kiwon lafiya a Jami'ar California, San Francisco . Sarah Adler-Milstein mai ba da shawara ce ga haƙƙin ma'aikata kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na filin Latin Amurka da Caribbean don Kungiyar 'Yancin Ma'aikata.

Adler ya mutu daga ciwon daji a ranar 4 ga Janairu, 2024, yana da shekaru 77. 

## Ayyukan da aka zaɓa

* Adler, N. E., Boyce, T., Chesney, M. A., Cohen, S., Folkman, S., Kahn, R. L., & Syme, S. L. (1994). Matsayi na zamantakewa da lafiya: ƙalubalen gradient. Masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam na Amurka, *49* (1), 15-24.
* [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Dangantaka da matsayi na zamantakewa da manufa tare da aiki na tunani da na jiki: Bayanai na farko a cikin mata masu lafiya, fararen fata. *Ilimin Lafiya*, *19* (6), 586-592.
* [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Bambance-bambance na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki a cikin kiwon lafiya: hanyoyi da manufofi. *Harkokin Lafiya*, *21* (2), 60-76.
* [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Matsayi na zamantakewa da lafiya: abin da muka sani da abin da ba mu sani ba. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, *896* (1), 3-15.
* [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Matsayin matakai na zamantakewar al'umma wajen bayyana yanayin tsakanin matsayi na zamantakewa da lafiya. *Jagoranci na yanzu a cikin Kimiyya ta Halitta*, *12* (4), 119-123.
* [Hasiya] An samo asali ne daga Ibrananci da aka yi amfani da ita. Gabatarwa ga taron tattaunawa na musamman: Binciken yanzu game da haɗuwa da saye-saye: *Stakes, sakamakon, da haɗin kai.* Jaridar Gudanarwa, *34* (3), 469-478.

## Manazarta