Edward Fennessy

**Sir Edward Fennessy** CBE (17 ga Janairun 1912 - 21 ga Nuwamba 2009) ya kasance Injiniyan lantarki na Ingila wanda ya taimaka wajen jagorantar ci gaba da yawa na tsarin Radar na farko a karkashin Robert Watson-Watt kuma ya ci gaba da jagorantar bunkasa tsarin kewayawar rediyo iri-iri. A zamanin bayan yakin ya jagoranci ci gaban Decca Navigator System da fadada kamfanin don zama jagora a tsarin radar na teku. Daga baya ya yi aiki ga Plessey kafin ya zama manajan darakta na Binciken Sadarwar Burtaniya sannan ya zama mataimakin shugaban Babban Ofishin Jakadancin. An kuma san shi da mai daukar ma'aikata na Arthur C Clarke a matsayin mai fasahar radar a lokacin yakin. 

## Kafin yaƙin
An haifi Fennessy a West Ham, Essex kuma ta yi karatu a makarantar St Bonaventure's Grammar School a Forest Gate .  Ayyukansa na farko na ilimi bai kasance mai ban mamaki ba, kuma ya kammala karatu tare da digiri na biyu daga Kwalejin Gabashin London a 1934. Ya kasance yana yin gwaji tare da kayan lantarki tun yana da shekaru 10, kuma wannan ya zama da amfani yayin neman aiki. Shi da Geoffrey Roberts sun shiga Standard Telephones da Cables jim kadan bayan kammala karatunsa. A nan ya yi aiki a kan "mai kara sauti".

## Kokarin Yaƙi
A cikin 1937 an kira Roberts don yin aiki tare da Robert Watson-Watt a cibiyar ci gaban radar ta sirri ta Watt a Bawdsey Manor, Suffolk . A bayyane yake ya yi kira ga Fennessy ya shiga tare da shi, amma an ƙi Fennessay da farko saboda bai dace ba. Yayin da gwaji ya juya zuwa ci gaba da buƙatar injiniyoyi, kuma an kira Fennessy zuwa Bawdsey a 1938, jim kadan bayan ya auri Marion Banks (ya mutu 1983), tare da wanda ya haifi 'ya'ya biyu.

On 29 October 1938 Roberts and Fennessy made the now-famous "night dash" from Bawdsey to meet Air Chief Marshal Sir Hugh Dowding on the opening night of the Munich Crisis. Explaining the problems co-ordinating the information from radar, and the edge this would give the RAF if this problem were addressed, the two convinced Dowding to set up the famous fighter operations room in a cellar at Fighter Command headquarters. All of this was completed in only 36 hours. At the time only five Chain Home stations were operational, a number Roberts considered barely functional, and Fennessy turned his attention to rapidly building new stations to complete the network. &#x5B;**&#x5D;

Yayin da yaƙin ya buɗe, Watt ya damu da cewa wurin da yake a gabar gabas ya sa Bawdsey ya buɗe don kai farmaki, kuma ya ba da shawarar ƙaura da dukan cibiyar zuwa Dundee, Scotland. Fennessy ya matsa wa sassan da ke aiki yanzu su rabu da bangaren bincike. Wannan ya haifar da kirkirar "No. 60 Group RAF" a Leighton Buzzard, Bedfordshire, ba da nisa da London ba. Yankin bincike na Watt ya motsa sau da yawa a cikin 'yan shekaru masu zuwa, kafin ya zama Cibiyar Binciken Sadarwa a Malvern . 

A 60 Group, Fennessy ya jagoranci turawa da yawa na tsarin kewayawar radar da rediyo. Wadannan sun hada da ci gaban tsarin radar mai ɗaukar hoto, da kuma tsarin kewayawa na Gee da Oboe. Ɗaya daga cikin ci gaba mai ban mamaki ya shafi tsarin kewayawar rediyo na Sonne wanda Luftwaffe ta kafa. Sonne ya kasance mai amfani sosai ga RAF Coastal Command cewa lokacin da tura baya daga layin gaba ta Allies yana nufin Jamus ba ta da damar zuwa Spain, Fennessy ya shirya don a kawo sassan da za a kawo wa masu watsa shirye-shiryen Sonne da ke can.

A ƙarshen 1943 Fennessy ya shirya wani shiri don kewayawa da tsarin gano hanya don tallafawa saukowa a kan nahiyar. Ya zaɓi Normandy a matsayin wurin misali, kuma lokacin da ya gabatar da shirin sai Provost Marshals suka tsare shi har sai ya shawo kansu cewa wannan ba zato ba tsammani. Daga nan sai ya kasance Mai tsattsauran ra'ayi game da shirin mamayewa, kuma an ba shi aikin yin shirin ya cika. An ambaci shi a cikin Despatches kuma an nada shi zuwa Order of the British Empire (OBE) a 1944, Kwamandan Order of the Birtaniya Empire (CBE) a 1957, kuma ya zama jarumi a 1975.

An dakatar da Fennessy a matsayin Kyaftin na rukuni a cikin RAF Volunteer Reserve a cikin 1945.  Shekaru biyar ya umarci No 3700 (City of London) Radar Reporting Unit. A shekara ta 1946 ya dauki matsayi tare da Kamfanin Decca Navigator, wani sabon tsari daga Decca Records wanda aka kirkira don tallata tsarin Decca Navigador wanda kamfanin ya gina a lokacin yakin. A shekara ta 1950 Fennessy ya kammala ci gaban tsarin radar mai tsada, wanda ya haifar da wani juyawa, Decca Radar, tare da Fennessay a matsayin manajan darektan.

## Manazarta