Kogin Akhshtyrskaya

**Kogon Akhshtyrskaya** ( **Big Kazachebrodskaya** ) wani wurin binciken kayan tarihi ne a Yammacin Caucasus . Tana gefen dama na kwazazzabo Akhshtyrskaya na kogin Mzymta kusa da gundumar Adlersky City na Sochi, Krasnodar Krai, Rasha . Edouard Martel da Gabriel Revinko, mazaunin ƙauyen Kazachy Brod ne suka gano shi a cikin Satumba 1903. Sunan kogon ne bayan ƙauyen Akhshtyr na gida da madadin sunan ƙauyen Kazachy Brod .

## Bayani
Ƙofar kogon tana kusan  saman Kogin Mzymta (  sama da matakin teku) tare da bayyanar gabas. Yana kara  zurfin cikin dutsen, da farko ya samar da  corridor sannan ya rabu gida biyu,  da  fadi. Daga baya kuma akwai ƙaƙƙarfan hawan yumbu, da kunkuntar darussan guda biyu suna zuwa ƙarshen matattu. Kusa da ƙofar kogon akwai wurare biyu da ke da alaƙa da  dogon corridor.

## Ganowa da hakowa
Édouard-Alfred Martel da Gabriel Revinko, mazaunin ƙauyen Kazachy Brod ne suka gano kogon Akhshtyrskaya a watan Satumba 1903. A 1936, masanin ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi Sergei Nikolayevich Zamyatin ya tono gawarwar ɗan adam na farko prehistoric. Daga shekarar 1961 zuwa 1965, masu binciken kayan tarihi MZ Panichkina da EA Vekilova suka ci gaba da tonowa. Jeri mai ban sha'awa yana da kauri kusan mita 5 kuma ya bambanta daga zamanin Paleolithic na Tsakiya zuwa Tsakiyar Farko . Ƙarin tononi na baya-bayan nan ya faru daga 1999 har zuwa 2008. A cikin duka, an sami fiye da kashi 6,000 - 92% na abin da ke cikin kogon kogon. Bugu da kari, akwai ragowar barewa, bison, awaki, kyarkeci, foxes da sauran dabbobi. Mutane - Neanderthals sun zauna a cikin kogon kimanin shekaru 70,000 da suka wuce. Bayan hutu na kimanin shekaru 20,000 kogon ya kasance cikin mutane Cro-Magnon tsakanin shekaru 30,000 zuwa 35,000 da suka wuce.

## Sakamako

*Layer Dating:* Layer 3/1: 40,000 yrs BC; Layer 4/1: 70,000 shekaru BC; Layer 4/2: 80,000 shekaru BC; Layer 5/1: 112,000 yrs BC; Layer 5/2: 200,000 shekaru BC; Layer 6/1: 250,000 shekaru BC; Layer 6/2: 270,000 shekaru BC; Layer 7: 300,000 yrs BC; Layer 8: 300,000 yrs BC; Layer 9: 350,000 BC

### Bayani da binciken
Nemo (2005): Mandible na kogo bear ; hip kashi na kogo bear; radius; humerus; kashin mahaifa; haƙarƙari; kashin baya; lumbar kashin baya; thoracic vertebrae

Hakowa (2005): Mataki na 3 M Mousterian . Wannan matakin yana da alaƙa da al'adun Neanderthal a kusan 40,000 BC. An gano wasu kayan tarihin kogon. Baƙar fata a cikin matakan kogon na iya zama sakamakon amfani da wuta don dafa abinci da dumama. Masana kimiyya kuma sun sami kayan aiki: wukake, mashi da gatari.

Sashe (2005): Dutsen gindin kogon. An fara kimanin shekaru 350,000 da suka gabata. Layer 9: 350,000 BC; Layer 8: 350,000-300,000 BC; Kogon bai zama wurin zama ba kuma ya cika da ruwa. Layer 6/2, 6/1: Kimanin shekaru 250,000 BC. An samo kayan aikin da ke nuna mazaunin Neanderthal; Layer 5/2, 5/1: 112,000 shekaru BC. Matakin farko na mazaunin mutanen Neanderthal na dogon lokaci. Layer: 4/2, 4/1: 70,000 shekaru BC. Matsayi na biyu na mazaunin mutanen Neanderthal na dogon lokaci. Layer 3: 40,000 shekaru BC. Late Paleolithic. Abun dutse na yuwuwar al'adun Cro-Magnon. 

## Gallery
Hotunan kogon da wurin nan kusa
Fayil:Akhshtyr.JPG
Fayil:Ашхтырская_пещера_-_вход.JPG
Fayil:Akhshtyrskaya_Cave.jpg
Fayil:Akhshtyrskaya_Cave-1.jpg
Fayil:Akhshtyrskaya_Cave-2.jpg
Fayil:Akhshtyrskaya_Cave-3.jpg
Fayil:Akhshtyrskaya_Cave_(Ахштырская_пещера).jpg


## Manazarta