Tsabtace Teku

**The Ocean Cleanup** ƙungiya ce ta injiniyan muhalli mai zaman kanta da ke zaune a Netherlands wacce ke haɓaka da tura fasaha don cire gurɓataccen filastik daga teku da kuma kama shi a cikin koguna kafin ya isa teku. Da farko sun mayar da hankali ne a kan Tekun Pacific da kuma sharar gida, kuma sun kai ga koguna a kasashe ciki har da Indonesia, Guatemala, da Amurka.

The Ocean Cleanup an kafa shi ne a cikin  ta hanyar Boyan Slat, mai kirkiro na Dutch   wanda ke aiki a matsayin Shugaba. Yana haɓaka tsarin kamawa na teku da na kogi. Tsarin teku ya kunshi shingen da ke iyo wanda jiragen ruwa biyu ke jan shi. Ana tura tsarin teku a cikin girke-girke na teku don tattara tarkace na ruwa. Aikin yana da niyyar ƙaddamar da tsarin 10 ko fiye kusan kilomita 2 (1.2  wanda suke hango zai iya cire kashi 50% na tarkace a cikin Babban Gishiri na Pacific shekaru biyar daga turawa.

Tsarin kogin ya ƙunshi shingen ruwa da yawa da tsarin cirewa waɗanda ke rataye a cikin koguna ko a bakin kogi. The Ocean Cleanup kuma yana buga takardun kimiyya,    kuma ya kiyasta cewa "1% na koguna na duniya (~ 1,000 koguna) suna da alhakin 80% na gurɓataccen teku a duniya".     Suna da niyyar tura tsarin kogin su a cikin wadannan koguna 1,000.

Ya zuwa watan Yunin 2025, kungiyar ta cire fiye da kilo miliyan 30 (ton 30,000) na sharar gida daga koguna da Babban Gishiri na Pacific . 

## Tarihi

Slat ya ba da shawarar aikin tsaftacewa da tsarin tallafi a cikin 2012. A watan Oktoba, ya tsara aikin a cikin Tattaunawar TED. Tsarin farko ya kunshi tsawo, shingen da ke iyo da aka ɗora a ƙarƙashin teku, an haɗe shi da dandamali na tsakiya wanda aka tsara kamar hasken manta don kwanciyar hankali. Shingen zai jagorantar filastik mai iyo zuwa dandalin tsakiya, wanda zai cire filastik daga ruwa. Slat bai bayyana girman wannan tsarin a cikin magana ba.

### 2014-2017: Samfurin farko
A cikin shekara ta 2014, ƙirar ta maye gurbin dandalin tsakiya tare da hasumiya da aka raba daga shingen ruwa. Wannan dandalin zai tattara filastik ta amfani da 100 kilometres (62 mi). An ba da shawarar shingen da ke iyo ya zama tsawon kilomita 100 (62 . Sun gudanar kuma sun buga binciken yiwuwar.

A cikin 2015, wannan ƙirar ta lashe lambar yabo ta London Design Museum of the Year,   da INDEX: Award.  Daga baya a wannan shekarar, an gudanar da gwaje-gwaje na samfurin sikelin  a cikin tafkunan raƙuman ruwa a Deltares da MARIN, gwada ƙarfin da nauyin shingen a yanayin teku, da tattara bayanai don ƙirar ƙididdiga. 

Sashe na mita 100 (330  ya shiga gwajin a Tekun Arewa a lokacin rani na shekara ta 2016.  Gwajin ya nuna cewa ƙarancin man fetur na al'ada ba zai tsaya ba a tsawon lokaci, kuma sun canza kayan da ke iyo zuwa bututun HDPE mai katako.

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2017, an yi canje-canje masu mahimmanci ga ƙirar ra'ayi: 

* Dimensions were reduced from  to , with the idea of using a fleet of 60 such systems.
* Seabed anchors were replaced with sea anchors, to drift with the currents, allowing the plastic to "catch up" with the cleanup system, and letting the system drift to locations with the highest concentration of debris. The lines to the anchor would keep the system in a U-shape.
* An automatic system for collecting plastic was replaced with a system for concentrating the plastic before removal by support vessels.

### Tsarin 001

Gwaje-gwaje a cikin 2018  ya haifar da cire tashoshin teku, kuma buɗewar U ta juya don fuskantar jagorancin tafiya, ta hanyar ƙirƙirar ƙarin jan hankali a tsakiya tare da allon zurfi na karkashin ruwa. 

A kan 9 Satumba 2018, *System 001* (wanda ake wa lakabi da *Wilson* dangane da wasan volleyball na iyo a cikin fim din 2000 *Cast Away )*   da aka tura daga San Francisco. Jirgin mai suna *Maersk Launcher* ya ja tsarin zuwa wani wuri mai nisan mil 240 daga gabar tekun, inda aka yi ta gwajin teku.  Ya ƙunshi guda  dogon shamaki tare da  siket mai fadi da ke rataye a karkashinsa. An yi shi daga HDPE, kuma ya ƙunshi sassan 50x12.  Ba shi da mutum kuma an haɗa shi da tsarin sa ido da tsarin kewayawa mai amfani da hasken rana, gami da GPS, kyamarori, fitilu da AIS .  An samar da shingen da allon ta hanyar mai ba da kayayyaki na Austriya . 

## Manazarta