Addini da muhalli

**Addini da muhalli** wani bangare ne mai tasowa a cikin fannonin ilimi na Nazarin addini, Ka'idojin addini, ilimin zamantakewa na addini, da tauhidin da sauransu, tare da muhallar muhalli da ka'idodin muhalli a matsayin babban mayar da hankali.

A cikin mahallin Kiristanci, a cikin encyclical "Laudato si'", Paparoma Francis ya yi kira don yaki da Canjin yanayi da lalacewar muhalli gaba ɗaya. Ya yi iƙirarin cewa bil'adama yana fuskantar mummunar matsalar muhalli kuma ya zargi cinikin kayayyaki da ci gaban rashin kulawa. An yi wa "kowane mutum da ke zaune a wannan duniyar"  jawabin.

## Bayani na gaba ɗaya

### Rikicin dabi'u
Wannan yanki ya samo asali ne daga fahimtar cewa, a cikin kalmomin masanin falsafa na Iran-Amurka Seyyed Hossein Nasr, "rikicin muhalli shine ainihin rikici na dabi'u," kuma cewa Addinai, kasancewa tushen dabi'u a kowane al'ada, suna da al'adu da yanke shawara da mutane ke yi game da muhalli. Misali, binciken 2020 ya nuna cewa addini, a matsayin tushen farko na dabi'u ga masu addini, na iya taimakawa wajen rage gibin siyasa tsakanin masu sassaucin ra'ayi da masu ra'ayin mazan jiya game da kare muhalli.

### Nauyin laifi
Masanin tarihi Lynn White Jr. ya yi gardamar a cikin lacca na 1966 a gaban Kwalejin Fasaha da *Kimiyya* ta Amurka, wanda daga baya aka buga a cikin mujallar Kimiyya, cewa Kiristanci na Yamma, bayan da ya rabu da kuma amfani da yanayi ga manufofin ɗan adam, yana ɗauke da babban "nauyin laifi" don rikicin muhalli na zamani. Rubutun White ya haifar da amsoshi masu yawa, daga kare Kiristanci zuwa cancantar shigarwa don kammala yarjejeniya tare da bincikensa.

### Addinai na Gabas da 'yan asalin ƙasar
Wasu sun ba da shawarar cewa addinan Gabas, da na 'Yan asalin ƙasar, neo-pagan, da sauransu, sun ba da ra'ayoyin duniya masu kyau fiye da Kristanci. Wani na uku, wanda ba a san shi ba, ya yi jayayya cewa yayin da ka'idar White ta kasance daidai, wannan a zahiri yana da fa'ida ga al'umma, kuma rage yawan mutanen da suka raunana tsire-tsire da dabbobi ta hanyar lalata muhalli zai haifar da juyin halitta na halittu masu karfi, masu amfani. Dubi Kaitiaki a cikin Addinin Māori.

### Addini da muhalli
A cikin shekarun 1990s, yawancin malaman addini sun shiga muhawara kuma sun fara samar da babban tarin wallafe-wallafen da ke tattauna da kuma nazarin yadda ake darajar yanayi a cikin tsarin addinai daban-daban na duniya. Wani muhimmin taron ya kasance jerin tarurruka goma kan Addini da Muhalli wanda farfesa na Jami'ar Yale Mary Evelyn Tucker da John Grim suka shirya kuma aka gudanar a Cibiyar Nazarin Addinai ta Duniya daga 1996 zuwa 1998.  Fiye da malaman kasa da kasa 800, shugabannin addini, da masu kula da muhalli sun shiga cikin jerin taron. An kammala taron a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da kuma Gidan Tarihi na Tarihi na Amirka tare da sama da mutane 1,000 da suka halarci taron. An buga takardu daga taron a cikin jerin littattafai goma (The Religions of the World and Ecology Book Series), ɗaya ga kowane ɗayan manyan al'adun addini na duniya.

## Addinai da mahalli

### Haɗin kai tsakanin addinai
An kafa shi a shekara ta 1992, GreenFaith hadin gwiwar muhalli ce ta duniya tare da surori sama da 100 (wanda ake kira "Circles") a cikin Tsibirin Pacific, Arewacin Amurka, Ostiraliya, Asiya, Latin Amurka, Afirka, da Turai da kuma abokan addini a cikin kasashe sama da 40. Da yake mai da hankali kan gwagwarmayar kasa'a, suna ƙarfafa al'ummomin addini su saka hannun jari a cikin makamashi mai kore, fitar da man fetur, da kuma ba da shawara ga adalci na yanayi a fili a kan addini. A matsayin misali na gwagwarmayarsu, a cikin 2015, GreenFaith ya jagoranci Una Terra, Una Familglia Humana (lit. ) Canjin Yanayi Maris a Vatican City.

## Manazarta