Octave Cremasia

**Octave Crémazie**  ; Afrilu 16, 1827 - Janairu 16, 1879) ɗan ƙasar Faransa mawaƙi ne kuma mai sayar da littattafai da aka haife shi a birnin Quebec .  An san shi duka a lokacin da kuma bayan rayuwarsa don ayar kishin kasa da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ya taka a ci gaban al'adu na Quebec, an kira Crémazie "mahaifin Faransanci na Faransanci." 

Octave shine ƙarami daga cikin yara huɗun da suka tsira na Jacques Crémazie da Marie-Anne Miville.  Daga 1836 zuwa 1844, ya kasance dalibi a Seminary na Quebec, inda firist John Holmes (Firist na Amurka) ya gabatar da shi ga ayyukan marubutan Romantic na Faransa .  Alfred de Musset, Alphonse de Lamartine, da kuma Victor Hugo, musamman, suna da tasiri sosai a kan mawaƙa na gaba. 

Bayan kammala karatunsa a Seminary na Quebec, Crémazie ya shiga kasuwanci tare da ɗan'uwansa Joseph, mai sayar da littattafai.  Shagon su a birnin Quebec, kantin sayar da littattafai na *J. et O. Crémazie*,  wanda aka kafa a cikin 1833,  ya kasance kayan aiki a cikin yada ayyukan Arewacin Amurka da yawancin marubutan Romantic. Har ila yau, wani wurin taro ne na membobin abin da za a sani da ƙungiyar wallafe-wallafen Quebec na 1860. 

Duk da yake har yanzu yana cikin farkon shekarunsa ashirin, Crémazie ya taimaka ya sami Cibiyar Canadien, ƙungiyar da ke ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka al'adun Kanada na Faransanci.  Daga baya zai zama shugaban kungiyar (daga 1857 zuwa 1858). 

An fara buga wakoki na Crémazie a cikin *L'Ami de la religion et de la patrie* (wanda ɗan'uwansa Jacques ya gyara) da sauran jaridun birnin Quebec.  Ganewa ga waƙarsa ya ƙaru a cikin 1850s. Kamar yadda masanin adabin Faransa-Kanada Odette Condemine ya rubuta:Bacin ransa na farin cikin da ya gabaci Nasara da wahalhalun da suka biyo baya ya tayar da hankalin 'yan uwansa. "Le vieux soldat canadien" (1855) da "Le Drapeau de Carillon" (1858) sun sami karbuwa cikin sha'awa kuma suka lashe taken Crémazie a matsayin "bard na kasa." Sha'awar ɗaukaka, bacewar baya da ma'anar ɓatanci daga Faransa a cikin aikin Crémazie ya sa mai suka Gilles Marcotte ya kwatanta shi a matsayin waƙar gudun hijira. 

Duk da shaharar kantin sayar da littattafansa, ɗanɗanon da Octave Crémazie ke da shi na kayayyaki na ƙasashen waje ya haifar da manyan basusuka da matsala tare da masu bashi.  A shekara ta 1862, yanayin kuɗinsa ya kasance mai tsanani har ya gudu zuwa Faransa a asirce, ya bar kantin sayar da littattafai.  Ya rayu a lokuta daban-daban a Paris, Bordeaux, da Le Havre a ƙarƙashin sunan Jules Fontaine, matalauta da keɓe duk da samun aiki mai sauƙi da goyon bayan wasu abokan Faransanci. 

Ayyukan waƙar Crémazie ya tsaya lokacin da ya bar Quebec.   suka tsira daga shekarunsa na baya sun hada da *Journal du siège de Paris*, diary wanda ke ba da cikakken bayani game da wahalar da Parisians da Crémazie da kansa suka sha a lokacin da aka kewaye babban birnin kasar a 1870 da 

*Œuvres complètes*, kundin wakoki da wasiƙun Crémazie wanda Raymond Casgrain ya tsara, an buga shi a cikin 1882  ta kantin sayar da littattafai na Beauchemin  a Montreal da Institut canadien de Québec . Littafin ya ƙunshi kalamai masu zuwa: "A cikin kalma ɗaya, mawallafa sun so wannan littafi ya tsaya a matsayin abin tunawa mafi jurewa wanda za a iya tayar da shi don tunawa da mafi kishin kasa, kuma mafi rashin jin daɗi, na mawaƙanmu."  

Wani mutum-mutumi da ke nuna wani sojan Kanada na Faransa yana tsaye a dandalin Saint-Louis na Montreal (Rue de Malines da Saint-Denis) tare da sunan Crémazie a saman da shekaru 1827-1879 (shekarun haihuwarsa da mutuwarsa). Ƙarƙashin sojan akwai kalmomin: *Pour mon drapeau je viens ici mourir* (a zahiri: "Ga tutara na zo nan in mutu"). Hakanan akwai tashar metro na Montreal mai suna masa akan layin orange, wanda yake akan boulevard shima mai suna don girmama shi.

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