Kisan Michelle Martinko

Kisan Michelle Martinko ya faru ne a Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Amurka, a ranar 19 ga Disamba, 1979. Shari'ar ta kasance mai zafi har zuwa 2018, lokacin da DNA na iyali ya gano wanda ake zargi shekaru 39 bayan laifin wanda aka tuhume shi, aka yi masa shari'a aka kuma yanke masa hukunci kan kisanta.[2]

A shekara ta 2006, wani mai bincike kan shari'ar sanyi ya gano jinin da ba a san ko waye ba, wanda ake kyautata zaton na mai kisan ne, yayin da yake duba fayilolin shari'ar. An ƙirƙiri bayanin DNA daga wannan shaidar kuma aka shigar da shi cikin Tsarin Haɗakar DNA na ƙasa (CODIS), amma ba a sami wani daidaito ba. A shekara ta 2017, an ɗauki wani kamfani da ya ƙware a fannin ƙirƙirar DNA don samar da sabon kimantawar bayyanar mai kisan bisa ga samfurin DNA kawai. A shekara ta 2018, kamfanin ya shigar da bayanan DNA daga shari'ar zuwa gidan yanar gizon tarihin jama'a na GEDmatch, inda ya sami daidaiton DNA na iyali.

A watan Oktoban 2018, an tattara DNA daga wani mutum a Iowa, Jerry Lynn Burns, kuma an gano cewa ya yi daidai da samfurin da aka gano a jikin rigar Martinko.[2][3][4] An kama Burns kuma, a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu, 2020, an same shi da laifin kisan kai na farko a mutuwar Martinko. A ranar 7 ga Agusta, 2020, an yanke wa Burns hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai ba tare da an yi masa afuwa ba.[1][5][6]

## Bayani
Michelle Martinko

Michelle Martinko

An haifi Michelle Marie Martinko

6 ga Oktoba, 1961

Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Amurka

Ta rasu a ranar 19 ga Disamba, 1979 (tana da shekaru 18)

Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Amurka

Musabbabin mutuwa Ana soka

Wurin hutu Cedar Memorial Park Makabartar Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Amurka

42.023°N 91.634°W

An haifi Michelle Marie Martinko (6 ga Oktoba, 1961 - 19 ga Disamba, 1979) a Cedar Rapids, Iowa.[7] Martinko ita ce ƙarama a cikin 'ya'ya mata biyu na Albert F. Martinko da Janet Martinko (ɗan Zillig).[8][9] Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Cedar Rapids Kennedy, inda ta kasance ɗaliba mafi girma kuma jami'an makaranta suna girmama ta sosai.[10][11]

Ta kuma kasance ƙwararriyar mai wasan kwaikwayo, ta shiga ƙungiyar masu yin wasan kwaikwayo a lokacin da take ƙarama, kuma ta yi wasa a cikin ƙungiyoyin mawaka da kuma shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo.[2] Ba ta da abokai ko abokan amintattu da yawa, wanda aka yi hasashen cewa kishi ne ya haifar da shi daga wasu ɗalibai game da kyawunta da tufafinta masu kyau[11] ko kuma rikici kan wani yaro da ta yi soyayya da shi.[12] Martinko, wacce take babbar sakandare a lokacin da aka kashe ta, tana da shirin zuwa Jami'ar Jihar Iowa don yin karatun ƙirar ciki.[2]

## Jerry Lynn Burns
Jerry Lynn Burns (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Disamba, 1953[13]) yana da shekaru 25 lokacin da ya kashe Michelle Martinko a watan Disamba 1979. Ya girma a Manchester, Iowa, kuma ya kammala karatunsa daga Makarantar Sakandare ta West Delaware a shekarar 1972. Ya zauna a Manchester a lokacin da aka kama shi a shekarar 2018 kuma yana da kasuwancin shafa foda a birnin. Ya yi aiki a John Deere kuma ya mallaki tasha tare da manyan motoci. Burns ya taɓa auren Patricia Burns, wacce ta mutu a shekarar 2008 sakamakon kashe kanta.[14] Ɗan uwan ​​Burns, Brian Burns, ya ɓace a ranar tunawa da kisan Michelle (Disamba 19, 2013), kuma an gano gawarsa a watan Nuwamba 2023.[15] Duk da cewa kama Burns a shari'ar Martinko ya haifar da tambayoyi game da abubuwan biyu, 'yan sanda ba su yarda cewa Burns yana da hannu a cikin ɗayan biyun ba.[16]

## Kisa da bincike
Kisa

Westdale Mall a 2006

Wata Buick Electra ta 1972 mai kama da motar da aka gano an kashe Martinko a ciki

A yammacin ranar 19 ga Disamba, 1979, Martinko ta halarci wani liyafa na ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Kennedy Concert a Sheraton Inn da ke Cedar Rapids.[10] Ta saka riga mai launin baƙi da mayafi baƙi, tiyo mai launin baƙi da diddige, da kuma jaket mai launin fari da launin ruwan kasa mai tsawon kugu, kuma tana ɗauke da jaka mai launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa.[9] Bayan taron, ta tambayi ƙawarta da abokin aikinta na ƙungiyar da ke zagaye ko tana son ta haɗu da ita a wani tafiya ta siyayya zuwa Westdale Mall, wanda aka buɗe kwanan nan, kuma inda Martinko ke aiki. Kawarta ta ƙi. Daga nan Martinko ta nemi wani abokinta ya tafi kasuwa tare da ita; wannan ƙawar ta ce eh da farko amma daga baya ta canza ra'ayinta. Daga nan Martinko ta tafi kasuwa ita kaɗai, tana ɗauke da dala $180 kuma tana da niyyar kammala siyan sabuwar rigar hunturu da ke kan layi.[2] Da ta isa, ta bincika shagunan kuma ta yi magana da abokai da sauran mutanen da ta san suna aiki a can.[9] An gan ta a ƙarshe kusan ƙarfe 9 na dare a wajen wani shagon kayan ado a cikin kasuwa.[2][17] Da ƙarfe 2 na safe, tunda Martinko bai dawo gida ba, mahaifinta ya ba da rahoton ɓacewarta. Ya fara nemanta, kamar yadda 'yan sanda suka yi. Da ƙarfe 4 na safe, 'yan sanda sun sami Buick Electra na dangin Martinko mai launin ruwan kasa da kore na 1972 a kusurwar arewa maso gabas na filin ajiye motoci na babban kanti ta JCPenney.[9] An sami Martinko a ciki ya faɗi a kan kujerar fasinja aka kuma daba mata wuka har lahira.[2]

An daba wa Martinko wuka sau 29 a fuska, wuya, da ƙirjinta.[2][5] Hannuwanta sun ji raunuka masu kariya, wanda 'yan sanda suka ce ya nuna cewa ta yi faɗa da wanda ya kashe ta.[2] 'Yan sanda sun gano daga rashin jini a wajen motar cewa an kashe Martinko yayin da take cikin motar, kuma daga baya mai binciken lafiya ya kiyasta cewa ta mutu tsakanin ƙarfe 8 zuwa 10 na dare.[18] Makamin kisan kai "mai kaifi ne" amma ba wuka ba ne, kuma mai binciken lafiya bai iya tantance girmansa ba.[9] Mai kisan bai bar wani yatsa ba, wanda ya sa 'yan sanda suka yi imanin cewa sun saka safar hannu.[2] Mai magana da yawun 'yan sanda ya ce "abin da kowa ke ji shi ne ya ce namiji ne", amma ba su da tabbas game da jinsin mai kisan.[17] Dangane da kuɗin da aka samu a cikin jakar Martinko, 'yan sanda sun kammala da cewa ba a yi mata fashi ba.[9] Tana da cikakken sutura, kuma mai binciken lafiya ya gano cewa ba a yi mata fyade ba.[10] 'Yan sanda sun dauki kisan a matsayin "na sirri" bisa ga adadin raunukan da aka samu da kuma wurin da aka ji musu rauni.[9][2]

## Binciken farko
'Yan sanda ba su da bayanai da yawa kuma sun yi kira ga jama'a don neman shawarwari.[10] Wani mai magana da yawun 'yan sanda ya kiyasta cewa a mako guda bayan kisan Martinko, mutane sama da 200 sun amsa roƙon da jami'an tsaro suka yi a labarai don neman bayanai game da lamarin. 'Yan sanda sun yi hira da mutane da yawa, kuma an wanke da yawa daga zargi ta hanyar amfani da rubutun polygraph. An yi hira da wata matashiya da aka samu dauke da wuka kuma an cire ta daga cikin kisan nata, haka nan ma'aikaciyar cibiyar kasuwanci wacce ta shaida wa 'yan sanda cewa tana jin daɗin bin mata da kuma yin amfani da manhajojin shagon. Jita-jita ta fara yaɗuwa game da laifin. Wasu sun yi tunanin cewa Martinko ta sami kiran waya mai tayar da hankali kafin mutuwarta,amma 'yan sanda sun bayyana cewa ba su yi tunanin haka ba.[17] Wani jita-jita ya sake bayyana cewa an sake daba wa Martinko wuka a cikin kwanaki masu zuwa kuma 'yan sanda suna ɓoye shi, wanda 'yan sanda suka musanta.[19]

Na wani lokaci, babban wanda ake zargi da kisan Martinko shi ne wani mutum wanda, wata daya da ya gabata, ya shiga gidan Cedar Rapids, ya yi wa wata mata fyade da wuka, sannan ya yi barazanar kashe 'ya'yanta. Ba a taba tuhumarsa da kisan Martinko ba, ya musanta zargin, kuma shaidar DNA, da aka samu daga baya, ba ta yi daidai da DNA dinsa ba. A shekarar 2012, yayin da yake zaman daurin rai da rai saboda wani hari da ba shi da alaƙa da shi, mutumin ya mutu a gidan yari sakamakon cutar kansar hanji.[19][20]

Cece-cice ta taso watanni biyar bayan kisan bayan wata mata da ke tuki a wurin ajiye motoci a babban shagon a safiyar ranar 20 ga Disamba ta fito da bayanai. Ta duba wurin ajiye motoci yayin da take wucewa don duba motar 'yarta saboda 'yarta tana aiki a babban shagon kuma tana da tarihin matsalar mota. Ta yi ikirarin cewa ta ga motoci biyu a cikin filin, ɗaya daga cikinsu na Martinko ne, da kuma wani mutum da ke tsaye kusa da ƙofar direban da aka buɗe ta motar Martinko. Ba ta da tabbacin cewa bayananta za su yi amfani domin ta karanta cewa kisan ya faru ne tsakanin ƙarfe 10 na dare zuwa tsakar dare, kuma ƙarfe 2 na safe ne lokacin da ta wuce. Matar ta isar da bayananta ga 'yar sakataren Kwamishinan Tsaron Jama'a kuma ta yi imanin cewa za a mika su ga 'yan sanda idan yana da mahimmanci. 'Yan sanda ba su taɓa samun bayanan ba, kuma matar ba ta tuntuɓi 'yan sanda ba sai bayan watanni, lokacin da suka sake kiran duk wani bayani da ya shafi kisan. Masu bincike sun yi la'akari da tuhumar Kwamishinan da rashin isar da bayanan ga 'yan sanda, amma ba a ci gaba da tuhumar ba.[21]

A ranar 19 ga Yuni, 1980, 'yan sanda sun fitar da wani zane mai cike da mutum da ake kyautata zaton ya kashe Martinko, wanda suka samo asali daga bayanin da shaidu biyu suka bayar a ƙarƙashin hypnosis.[11] Sun bayyana wani mutum farar fata a ƙarshen shekarunsa na matasa ko farkon shekarun 20, tsayinsa ya kai ƙafa shida kuma yana da nauyin kilo 165–175, mai idanu launin ruwan kasa da gashi mai launin ruwan kasa mai lanƙwasa.[11][19] A shekarar da ta gabata bayan kisan, adadin mutanen da 'yan sanda suka yi wa tambayoyi ya kai ɗaruruwa, kuma an yi wa mutane har 30 tambayoyi a ƙarƙashin kulawar hypnosis.[11] Yayin da binciken ya ragu, an bayar da lada na dala $10,000 ga duk wanda ya ba da bayanai da zai kai 'yan sanda ga wanda ya kashe shi.[22] An kuma tuntuɓi masu ilimin halin ɗan adam tun da farko a binciken.[11]

## Shari'ar sanyi
Yayin da lokaci ya ci gaba, shari'ar ta yi sanyi.[4]

A tsakiyar shekarun 1980, mahaifin Martinko ya shigar da ƙara a kan masu Westdale Mall kuma ya yi iƙirarin sakaci wajen rashin samar da "tsaro mai ma'ana" a daren kisan. An ɗaukaka ƙara kuma daga ƙarshe Kotun Koli ta Iowa ta yanke hukunci don kare masu shagon.[2]

Mahaifin Martinko, Albert, ya mutu a shekarar 1995. Mahaifiyarta, Janet, ta rasu a shekarar 1998.[2]

## Manazarta