Irene Khan

**Irene Zubaida Khan** (Bengali; an haife ta a ranar 24 ga watan Disamba shekara ta 1956) lauya ce ta Burtaniya kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam.  Tana aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto na musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki da ra'ayi.

Ta taba aiki a matsayin Sakatare Janar na bakwai na Amnesty International (daga 2001 zuwa 2009). A shekara ta 2011, an zabe ta Darakta Janar na Kungiyar Shari'ar Ci Gaban Duniya (IDLO) a Roma, Ƙungiyar gwamnati da ke aiki don inganta mulkin doka, da ci gaba mai ɗorewa. Ta kasance edita mai ba da shawara na The Daily Star a Bangladesh daga 2010 zuwa 2011.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Khan a ranar 24 ga Disamba 1956 a Dhaka, Gabashin Pakistan (yanzu Bangladesh), kodayake gidan kakanninta yana cikin Birahimpur, Sylhet . Ita 'yar Sikander Ali Khan ce, likitan likitan Musulmi na Bengali; jikokin Ahmed Ali Khan, wanda ya kammala karatun lissafi a Jami'ar Cambridge kuma lauya; kuma jikokin Assadar Ali Khan, likitan Syed Hasan Imam. Kakanta, Abid Khan, ya fito ne daga zuriyar wani ɗan gudun hijirar Afghanistan zuwa Bengal .  Kakanta, Rear Admiral Mahbub Ali Khan, shi ne shugaban Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Bangladesh. Ta kasance ɗalibar tauraro a makarantar Turanci mai zaman kanta ta St Francis Xavier's Green Herald International School a Dhaka, 1964-1972 inda ta kasance mai riƙe da rikodin a jarrabawar barin makaranta.

A lokacin yarinta, Gabashin Pakistan ya zama kasar Bangladesh mai zaman kanta a 1971 bayan Yakin 'Yanci na Bangladesh . kisan kare dangi da ya faru a lokacin yakin ya taimaka wajen tsara ra'ayi na dan gwagwarmaya na matashi Khan. A cikin yunwa tare da mutuwar kusan miliyan ɗaya na 'yan karkara na Bangladesh ta bar Bangladesh zuwa Makarantar St. Louis Grammar a Kikeel, Arewacin Ireland 1973-1975. Khan ta tafi Ingila, inda ta yi karatun shari'a a Jami'ar Manchester sannan, a Amurka, a Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard . Ta ƙware a cikin dokar kasa da kasa da haƙƙin ɗan adam.

## Ayyuka

### 'Yancin Dan Adam
Khan ya taimaka wajen kirkirar kungiyar Concern Universal a shekarar 1977, kungiyar ci gaba da agaji ta kasa da kasa. Ta fara aikinta a matsayin Mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam tare da Hukumar Shari'a ta Duniya a shekarar 1979.

Khan ya tafi aiki a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a shekarar 1980. Ta yi shekaru 20 a Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 'Yan Gudun Hijira (UNHCR). A shekara ta 1995 an nada ta Shugabar Ofishin Jakadancin UNHCR ta Indiya, ta zama mafi ƙanƙanta wakilin ƙasar UNHCR a wannan lokacin. A lokacin Rikicin Kosovo a 1999, Khan ya jagoranci tawagar UNHCR a Jamhuriyar Makidoniya na tsawon watanni uku. An nada ta a matsayin Mataimakin Darakta na Tsaro na Duniya na UNHCR daga baya a wannan shekarar.

A watan Agustan shekara ta 2001 aka nada Irene Khan a matsayin Sakatare Janar na Amnesty International . A lokacin da ta yi aiki ta fadada aikin Amnesty International don hada da haƙƙin tattalin arziki, zamantakewa da al'adu, ta kaddamar da kamfen na farko na duniya don dakatar da tashin hankali a kan mata, wanda ta sami lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Sydney, kuma ta yi kamfen don yaki da yaki da ta'addanci da kuma tsare-tsaren da ba bisa ka'ida ba na wadanda ake zargi da ta'adda a Guantanamo Bay.

A watan Janairun 2012 kasashe mambobin suka zabi Khan don aiki a matsayin Darakta Janar na Kungiyar Shari'ar Ci Gaban Duniya, kungiya ce kawai ta duniya da ke da alaƙa da mulkin doka da ci gaba.

### Amnesty International

Khan ya shiga Amnesty International a shekara ta 2001 a matsayin Babban Sakatare.  A cikin shekara ta farko ta ofis, ta sake fasalin martani na Amnesty ga rikice-rikicen kare hakkin dan adam kuma ta kaddamar da kamfen don rufe sansanin tsare-tsare na Guantanamo Bay na Amurka, wanda ke riƙe da masu adawa da ake zargi. A shekara ta 2004 ta fara kamfen na duniya don dakatar da tashin hankali ga mata. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2009 Khan ya kaddamar da kamfen din "Demand Dignity" na Amnesty don yaki da cin zarafin 'yancin ɗan adam wanda ke talauci da kuma kiyaye su matalauta.

### Dokar Shari'a
A lokacin jagorancin IDLO, Irene Khan ta inganta ra'ayin cewa mulkin doka muhimmiyar kayan aiki ce da za ta iya inganta daidaito da ci gaban da ke tattare da mutane, ko ta rage rashin daidaito ko inganta adalci na zamantakewa da hadawa don zaman lafiya.

### Matsayi a cikin tattalin arzikin dijital na Bangladesh
An nada Khan a matsayin mai ba da rahoto na musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan ingantawa da kare haƙƙin 'yancin ra'ayi da faɗar albarkacin baki a watan Agustan 2020, kuma ya kasance mai ba da shawara ga haƙƙin dijital da' yancin faɗar ra'ayi a Bangladesh. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta rike wannan mukamin tun lokacin da aka kafa ta a 19933.

## Manazarta