Billy Waugh

**William Dawson Waugh** (1 ga Disamba, 1929 - 4 ga Afrilu, 2023) sojan Amurka ne kuma Jami'in ayyukan soja wanda aikinsa a cikin ayyukan sirri tare da Sojojin Sojojin Amurka na Musamman da Sashen Ayyuka na Musamman na Hukumar leken asiri ta tsakiya ya kai sama da shekaru 50.

Waugh da farko ya shiga Sojojin Amurka a lokacin Yaƙin Koriya, amma bayan yaƙin da sauri ya koma cikin Sojoji na Musamman, da farko tare da rukuni na 10, sassan daga baya rukuni na 5. A cikin Yaƙin Vietnam ya yi aiki tare da ƙungiyoyi daban-daban da ke gudanar da hare-haren dare da kuma horar da sojojin Vietnam da Cambodian ba bisa ka'ida ba don kai hare-hare tare da Ho Chi Minh Trail . A ƙarshen Yaƙin Vietnam, yana aiki a matsayin babban kwamandan sakatare na MACV-SOG, ƙungiyar ayyukan ɓoye na musamman, inda ya gudanar da tsalle-tsalle na farko na tsayi mai tsayi (HALO) a tarihin soja. Ya bar Sojoji a shekarar 1972 tare da lambobin Purple Heart guda takwas da Silver Star . Ya shafe shekaru biyar masu zuwa a matsayin mai ɗaukar wasika ga Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka.

A shekara ta 1977 ya shiga sashen ayyukan musamman na CIA. A cikin shekarun 1990s, yana aiki a Sudan yana bin diddigin shugabannin ta'addanci Carlos the Jackal da Osama bin Laden. Bayan hare-haren 11 ga Satumba, Waugh, wanda a lokacin yana da shekaru 71, ya shiga ODA 594 a matsayin daya daga cikin na farko a ƙasa a lokacin mamayar Amurka. Ya yi yaƙi da mayakan Taliban da al-Qaeda a Yaƙin Tora Bora .

Waugh ya yi ritaya daga CIA a shekara ta 2005 kuma ya mutu a shekara ta 2023; an warwatsa gawarwakinsa a cikin tsalle-tsalle na HALO a kan Raeford Drop Zone, North Carolina. Yawancin aikinsa sun kasance a ɓoye.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Waugh a Bastrop, Texas, a ranar 1 ga Disamba, 1929. A shekara ta 1945, bayan saduwa da Marines biyu na Amurka waɗanda suka dawo daga fada a yakin duniya na biyu, an yi wa Waugh mai shekaru 15 wahayi zuwa gare shi don shiga cikin Marine Corps. Sanin cewa ba zai yiwu a shigar da shi a Texas ba saboda ƙuruciyarsa, Waugh ya tsara wani shiri na tafiya zuwa Los Angeles, inda ya yi imanin cewa mutum dole ne ya kasance 16 kawai don shiga. Ya kai har zuwa Las Cruces, New Mexico, kafin a kama shi saboda ba shi da wata shaida kuma ya ki ba da sunansa ga jami'in 'yan sanda na yankin. Daga baya aka sake shi bayan ya sami isasshen kuɗi don tikitin bas zuwa Bastrop. Yanzu ya himmatu ga yin aiki a cikin soja da zarar ya gama makaranta, Waugh ya zama kyakkyawan dalibi a Makarantar Sakandare ta Bastrop, ya kammala a 1947 tare da matsakaicin maki 4.0. 

## Ayyukan soja
Waugh ya shiga cikin Sojojin Amurka a 1948, ya kammala horo na asali a Fort Ord, California, a watan Agusta na wannan shekarar. An yarda da shi a cikin Makarantar Sojojin Sama ta Amurka kuma ya zama mai cancanta a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1948. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1951, an sanya Waugh a cikin rundunar sojan sama ta 187 (RCT) a Koriya.

### Sojoji na Musamman
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ƙarshen Yaƙin Koriya, Waugh ya sadu da mambobi biyu na Sojojin Musamman na Amurka a cikin jirgin ƙasa a Jamus. Sun sanar da shi game da budewa ga sajan; jim kadan bayan ya nemi canja wuri. Ya fara horo ga Sojoji na Musamman, kuma ya sami Green Beret a shekara ta 1954, ya shiga 10th Special Forces Group (SFG) a Bad Tölz, Jamus ta Yamma.

Yayin da shigar Amurka a cikin Yaƙin Vietnam ta karu, Amurka ta fara tura Sojoji na Musamman "A-teams" (Operational Detachment Alpha, ko ODA, teams) zuwa Kudu maso gabashin Asiya don tallafawa ayyukan yaki da ta'addanci a kan Viet Cong (VC), Arewacin Vietnamese da sauran sojojin Kwaminisanci. Waugh ya isa Kudancin Vietnam tare da ODA a 1961 kuma ya fara aiki tare da kungiyoyin tsaro na yau da kullun a can da Laos.

A watan Yulin 1965, yana aiki tare da rundunar Sojoji ta Musamman ta 5 A-team A-321 a sansanin Bồng Sơn, Lardin Bình Định, karkashin umarnin Kyaftin Paris Davis. Bayan wani hari na dare tare da rundunar Sojojin Yankin a sansanin VC kusa da Bong Son, rundunar VC ta shiga. Yawancin sojojin Yankin sun ki yin yaƙi kuma yawancin ƙungiyar A sun ji rauni ta hanyar wuta ta VC, gami da Waugh, wanda aka harbe shi sau da yawa kuma ya bar tsakanin sojojin VC da Amurka / Kudancin Vietnam. Davis daga baya ya ceci Waugh a karkashin wuta. Ya shafe yawancin 1965 da 1966 yana warkewa a Asibitin Walter Reed a Washington, DC, daga ƙarshe ya koma aiki tare da 5th Special Forces Group a 1966. Ya sami Silver Star da Purple Heart (na 6) don yaƙin a Bong Son .

A wannan lokacin Waugh ya shiga kungiyar Sojojin Taimako ta Vietnam (MACV-SOG). Yayinda yake aiki ga SOG, Waugh ya taimaka wajen horar da sojojin Vietnam da Kambodiya a cikin dabarun yaƙi marasa kyau da aka tsara da farko akan Sojojin Arewacin Vietnam da ke aiki tare da Ho Chi Minh Trail.

Kafin ya yi ritaya daga sabis na Sojojin Musamman na Amurka, Waugh ya kasance babban NCO (wanda ba kwamishinan jami'in ba) na MACV-SOG's Command & Control North (CCN) wanda ke zaune a Dutsen Marble a bakin tekun Kudancin China 'yan mil a kudancin Da Nang, Vietnam. Waugh ya rike wannan mukamin Command Sergeant Major a lokacin sauyawa da canjin sunan zuwa Task Force One Advisory Element (TF1AE). Waugh ya gudanar da tsalle na farko na High Altitude, Low Opening (HALO),  wani yunkuri na parachuting da aka tsara don saurin, ba a gano shi ba a cikin yankin abokan gaba. A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1970, tawagarsa ta yi aikin Combat Infiltration a cikin Yankin Yakin D mallakar NVA, a Kudancin Vietnam, don sake tarawa, da dai sauransu. Waugh ya kuma jagoranci shigar da parachute na musamman na musamman na yaki na karshe da Sojojin Sojojin Amurka na HALO suka yi a cikin yankin da aka hana wanda sojojin Kwaminisanci na Sojojin Arewacin Vietnam suka mamaye a ranar 22 ga Yuni, 1971. 

Waugh ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a matsayin Babban sajan (E-9) a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu, 1972. 

## Ayyukan CIA
Bayan Waugh ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja, ya yi aiki ga Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka har sai da ya karɓi tayin a 1977 daga tsohon jami'in CIA Edwin P. Wilson don yin aiki a Libya a kan kwangila don horar da sojojin musamman na ƙasar. Wannan ba aikin da Hukumar ta amince da shi ba ne kuma Waugh na iya samun kansa cikin matsala tare da hukumomin Amurka idan ba saboda gaskiyar cewa CIA ta kusanci shi don aiki ga Hukumar yayin da yake Libya ba. CIA ta ba shi aiki tare da binciken kayan aikin soja na Libya da damar - wannan yana da matukar sha'awa ga leken asirin Amurka yayin da Libya ke karɓar taimakon soja mai yawa daga Tarayyar Soviet a lokacin. Daga baya aka tuhumi Wilson kuma aka yanke masa hukunci a shekarar 1979 na sayar da makamai ba bisa ka'ida ba ga Libya. Daga baya aka gano cewa Ma'aikatar Shari'a ta dogara da takardar shaidar ƙarya yayin da take gurfanar da Wilson; a sakamakon haka, an soke hukuncin Wilson a shekara ta 2003 kuma an sake shi a shekara mai zuwa.

Jagorancin CIA a karkashin gwamnatin Carter ya nemi nisanta kansa daga Waugh, don haka ya dauki aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban 'yan sanda a Kwajalein Missile Range na Sojojin Amurka a cikin Marshall Islands inda aka ba shi aikin bin diddigin kananan kungiyoyin jiragen ruwa na Soviet da ke aiki a yankin don hana su satar fasahar makami mai linzami ta Amurka.

A ƙarshen shekarun 1980, Waugh ya koma CIA. Ya shiga cikin muhimman ayyuka da yawa a Khartoum, Sudan a farkon shekarun 1990, inda ya yi sa ido da tattara bayanan sirri kan shugabannin ta'addanci Carlos the Jackal da Osama bin Laden tare da Cofer Black . 

## Manazarta