Guguwan Daulatpur-Saturia

Guguwa **Daulatpur-Saturia guguwa** ce mai tsanani da ta faru a Gundumar Manikganj, Bangladesh a ranar 26 ga Afrilu, 1989. Duk da yake yana da lalacewa kuma yana da mummunar kisa, akwai babban rashin tabbas game da adadin wadanda suka mutu. Kimanin hukuma daga Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Duniya ya nuna cewa ta kashe kimanin mutane 1,300, wanda zai sa ya zama guguwa mafi muni a tarihi. A cikin 2022, an kalubalanci matsayin wannan guguwa a matsayin guguwa mafi muni a tarihi, yana mai cewa bai kashe fiye da mutane 256 ba. Guguwar ta shafi biranen Daulatpur da Saturia mafi yawa, tana motsawa gabas ta hanyar Daulatpur kuma a ƙarshe arewa maso gabas zuwa Saturia. A baya, yankin da guguwar ta buge ya kasance cikin yanayin fari na watanni shida.

## Tarihi
Ganges Basin, wanda ya ƙunshi dukan Bangladesh, yana yawan zuwa saboda mummunan yanayi. Guguwa da ke iya samar da guguwa a wannan yankin sun fi yawa a lokacin watanni kafin da bayan ruwan sama. Matsakaicin guguwa shida yana faruwa a kowace shekara a Bangladesh, tare da mafi girman aiki a watan Afrilu. Watanni kafin ruwan sama (Maris zuwa Mayu) suna nuna yanayin da ya fi dacewa ga yanayi mai tsanani. A wannan lokacin, makamashi mai yuwuwa - alamar rashin daidaituwa na yanayi inda ƙimar da ta fi girma ke nuna yiwuwar tsawa - kuma iska tana da kyau ga ci gaban tsawa mai juyawa. Rashin kwanciyar hankali ya fi girma a West Bengal, Indiya, da yankunan da ke kusa da Bangladesh. Guguwa tana tasowa akai-akai a wannan yankin kuma tana tafiya kudu maso gabas a fadin kasar. Wadannan guguwa ana kiransu da arewa maso yamma ko Kalbaisakhi.

## Abubuwan da suka faru da kuma sakamakonsa
A ranar 25 ga Afrilu 1989, wani yanki na    na matsin lamba ya bazu a kan Bihar da West Bengal, Indiya, tare da rami da ya kai gabas a fadin Bangladesh da Manipur, Indiya. Tsarin ya kasance mai tsayawa a ko'ina cikin rana har zuwa 26 ga Afrilu. A wannan rana, wani low ya kusanci daga Madhya Pradesh, kuma tare da haɗin kai a kan China, matsin lamba ya zama mafi tsayi a fadin Bangladesh. Rashin zafi, iska mai laushi yana gudana daga arewa maso gabas daga Bay of Bengal yayin da iska mai sanyi, mai bushe ke gudana daga tudun daga Himalayas. A cikin matakan sama na yanayi sama da ƙananan, iska mai ƙarfi na yamma daga rafin jet ya haifar da isasshen iska, babban abu a ci gaban tsawa mai ƙarfi wanda zai iya samar da guguwa. Jirgin ya zama mai ƙarfi sosai a ranar 26 ga Afrilu, tare da sauti daga Dhaka yana lura da iskar  km / h (150  a tsawo na  km (35,000 . Wani layin bushe da aka kafa a yammacin Bangladesh ya zama ma'auni ga ci gaban tsawa. Da karfe 12:00 UTC, duk abubuwan da aka ambata a sama sun samar da tsawa mai tsanani a duk faɗin ƙasar.&nbsp;

Da misalin karfe 12:30 UTC, wata mahaukaciyar guguwa ta taso kusa da Daulatpur a gundumar Manikganj kuma ta yi tafiya gabas, ba da jimawa ba ta afkawa Saturia.  Ya haifar da babbar barna a fadin murabba'in kilomita 150 (sq mi) wanda ya rufe upazilas uku, tare da Saturia da aka fi fama da ita.  Hanyarta ta kasance kusan kilomita 80 (50 mi) tsayi.[3]  Wasikar labarai ta Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Duniya ta lura da guguwar a matsayin F3 akan Sikelin Fujita.  Koyaya, kiyasin iskar da aka bayyana na kilomita 338 zuwa 418 a sa'a guda (210 zuwa 260 mph) zai sanya ta a matsayin F4..

A cewar Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Duniya a cikin 2017, guguwar ta kashe kusan mutane 1,300 kuma ta ji rauni 12,000. A cikin 2022, an kalubalanci wannan adadin mutuwar a cikin wata takarda da Dokta Fahim Sufi ya rubuta tare da Gwamnatin Australiya, Dokta Edris Alam tare da Jami'ar Chittagong, da Dokta Musleh Alsulami tare da Jamiʼar Umm al-Qura, inda aka bayyana guguwa mafi muni a tarihin Bangladesh ita ce guguwa ta 14 ga Afrilu 1969 Dhaka, Bangladesh, wacce ta kashe mutane 922. Wannan sabon littafin har yanzu yana riƙe da guguwar Bangladesh a matsayin mafi muni a tarihi, kawai ba wannan takamaiman guguwar ba. Lalacewar ta kasance mai yawa, yayin da aka kwashe bishiyoyi da yawa kuma kowane gida a cikin yanki na murabba'in kilomita shida na hanyar guguwar ya lalace gaba ɗaya. Wani labarin a cikin Bangladesh Observer ya bayyana cewa, "Rashin lalacewa ya cika sosai, don haka idan aka hana wasu kwarangwal na bishiyoyi, babu alamun gine-gine masu tsaye". Kimanin mutane 80,000 sun bar marasa gida. Wani guguwa na biyu ya buge Gundumar Narsingdi, inda ya kashe mutane 5 kuma ya ji wa wasu 500 rauni.

## Manazarta