Gertrude Newsome Jackson

**Gertrude Newsome Jackson** (Nuwamba 7, 1923 - Oktoba 1, 2019)  ɗan gwagwarmayar al'ummar Amurka ne a cikin al'ummomin Delta ta hanyar Kwamitin Gudanar da Haɗin Kai na Student lokacin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama .

An ba ta digirin girmamawa daga Jami'ar Arkansas a Little Rock a ranar 20 ga Disamba, 2012. Jackson ya mutu a watan Oktoba 2019 yana da shekaru 95. 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Jackson a cikin 1923 a Madison, Illinois, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin yara goma da Newsome's suka haifa.  Tare da ’yan’uwa shida da ’yan’uwa mata huɗu akwai cikakken gida.

Bayan kakan Gertrude ya mutu, mahaifinta ya ƙaura da dangin zuwa Gum Bottom, Arkansas, don ya mallaki gonar auduga tamanin da takwas inda ta saba zama a cikin gida amma wani lokaci takan fito ta taimaka ta debi auduga. 

Jackson ta sauke karatu a aji na goma tun lokacin da wannan shine mafi girman aji da aka iya kammalawa a Arkansas kuma bayan shekaru da yawa ta dawo don samun GED kuma ta ci gaba har tsawon shekaru biyu a kwaleji. 

Ta auri Earlis "Hog" Jackson a 1943 kuma sun kirkiro iyali na yara goma sha ɗaya.  Duk yara goma sha ɗaya sun kammala karatun sakandare kuma bakwai sun sami digiri na kwaleji. 

## Ayyukan aiki
A cikin shekarunta na farko a cikin gwagwarmayar kare hakkin jama'a, ta fara yin gwagwarmayar al'umma a kan hukumar makarantar gida don ba da labari game da ajiyar najasa a cikin "black" Turner Elementary School da 'yarta ta halarta. Bututun najasa sun yi sama da ƙasa kuma ba za su iya aiki yadda ya kamata ba don haka najasar za ta koma cikin banɗaki. Tare da mijinta, ta taimaka wajen samar da kauracewa ga iyalai baƙar fata don hana 'ya'yansu daga Turner har sai an magance matsalar, an ɗauki makonni uku don jin muryoyinsu. 

Ba da da ewa ba bayan nasarar farko ta Jackson, sun yanke shawarar tafiya bayan batun wariyar launin fata a cikin Marvell, Arkansas, gundumar makaranta. A cikin kaka na 1966, Earlis da Gertrude sun ƙirƙiri kauracewa makonni shida tare da Rev. Anderson a bikin baje kolin gundumomi don sake hana iyalai Ba-Amurke daga makarantun. A cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da shari'ar aji-aiki, an gabatar da shari'ar zuwa Kotun Kotu ta Amurka ta Kotun Koli ta Takwas wanda ya kai ga yanke shawarar ƙaddamar da azuzuwan, malamai, da ɗalibai a farkon shekarar makaranta na 1970. 

Saboda nasarar gwagwarmayar da suka yi a cikin al'umma, Jackson ta fuskanci sakamakon kone-kone da lalata kayan aikin noma na iyali, harbe-harbe a kansu, kona giciye a farfajiyarsu, da kayan gona da sukari ya lalatar da su a cikin tankin gas na mai tsinin auduga . Ko da yake a lokacin ƙuruciyarta, Gertrude ta bayyana cewa wariyar launin fata ba ta shafe ta ba. 

Wata rana a cikin 1978 kawai ta "fadi cikin ruhunta" don taimakawa wajen kafa Boys, Girls, Adult Community Development Center a Marvell don taimakawa al'ummarta da ilimi, kiwon lafiya, gidaje, da sauransu.  Daga baya a rayuwarta, Jackson ta yi aiki da Sabis na Al'umma na Mid Delta a matsayin mai jigilar yara zuwa Shirye-shiryensa na Farko . 

Jackson ya gaya wa dukan al'ummomin Ba-Amurke da su "Ku san abin da kuke buƙatar sani, ku tsaya wa kanku, kuma ku shiga." da kuma "Tashi, yi ƙarfin hali, kuma a yi wani abu!" 

## Manazarta