Dokar Yara da Matasa (Scotland) 2014

Dokar Yara da Matasa (Scotland) ta 2014 Dokar Majalisar Dokokin Scotland ce da aka zartar a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 2014 kuma ta sami amincewar sarauta a ranar 27 ga Maris 2014.  Dokar wani bangare ne na Gwamnatin Scotland ta Samun dama ga kowane aiwatar da manufofin yara.

Matsayin aikin kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin dogon taken shine yin tanadi:

* game da haƙƙin yara da matasa;
* game da binciken da Kwamishinan Yara da Matasa a Scotland ya yi;
* game da samar da ayyuka da tallafi ga ko dangane da yara da matasa:
* don kuma game da rajistar tallafi;
* game da sauraron yara, tsare-tsare a cikin mafaka mai aminci da shawarwari kan wasu shawarwari dangane da makarantu.

A yayin shari'ar shari'a a bangaren Cibiyar Kirista da sauransu waɗanda suka damu da dokar sirrin bayanai, kuma waɗanda suka kalubalanci tanadin dokar, hukunce-hukuncen Kotun Taron a Edinburgh kuma, a kan roko, na Kotun Koli a Westminster sun yi magana game da Dokar Kare Bayanai ta 1998, Dokar Kare Bayanan Tarayyar Turai, da Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam. Kotun Taron ta amince da tanadin dokar, amma Kotun Koli ta yanke shawarar cewa tanadin sun kasance marasa kyau kuma ba su cikin ikon majalisa ba, sabili da haka ba za a iya aiwatar da su ba.

## Abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci
Muhimman tanadi na Dokar sun hada da:

* Gabatar da takamaiman ayyuka masu ci gaba a kan Ministocin Scotland don kiyayewa da inganta bin Scotland da Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'Yancin Yara.
* Wasu hukumomin gwamnati kamar hukumomin gida, allon kiwon lafiya da 'yan sanda (cikin wasu) dole ne su bayar da rahoto a kowace shekara uku game da abin da suka dauka don inganta haƙƙin yara da matasa.
* Samar da sabon sabis na korafe-korafe da bincike don tallafawa aikin Kwamishinan Yara da Matasa.
* Kafa 'aikin mutum mai suna', wanda za a gano mutum kuma a samar da shi game da kowane yaro a Scotland har sai sun kai shekaru 18.
* Yana ba da tallafin jama'a don abinci na makaranta kyauta ga ɗaliban makaranta a P1-3.

Wani takardar gwamnati da aka buga a watan Yunin Shekarar  2014 ya bayyana manyan tsare-tsaren Gwamnatin Scotland don aiwatar da Dokar kuma ya bayyana cewa tanadin mutum mai suna a Sashe na 4 a halin yanzu ana mai da hankali kan bunkasa jagora dangane da tsarin "GIRFEC".

## Ƙalubalen Shari'a
Dokar ta haifar da gardama, kuma a cikin Cibiyar Kirista da sauransu (Masu shigar da kara) v The Lord Advocate ([2016] UKSC 51), Kotun Koli ta Burtaniya ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu tanadin raba bayanai na Dokar sun saba wa haƙƙin girmamawa ga rayuwar sirri da ta iyali da aka tsara a Mataki na 8 na Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam, ma'ana dole ne Majalisar Scotland ta gyara Dokar don ta zama doka. 'Yan Conservatives na Scotland da' yan Liberal Democrats na Scotland sun yi kira ga a soke Dokar kuma Scottish Labour, yayin da suke goyon bayan Dokar, sun yi kira da a 'dakatar'.  Wani binciken Survation ya gano cewa kashi 64% na manya na Scotland suna adawa da tanadin Mutum mai suna na Dokar.

Daukaka kara zuwa Kotun Koli ya fito ne daga Ra'ayi na Gidan Cikin Kotun Taron (wanda aka bayar a ranar 3 ga watan Satumba, shekara ta  2015) a kan wani yunkuri na sake dawowa ([2015] CSIH 64) tsakanin jam'iyyun bakwai a matsayin masu shigar da kara da masu neman, wato, Cibiyar Kirista, Family Education Trust, Matasa Ni Sufferers ("TYMES"), Nazarin Ayyukan Kirista da Ilimi ("CARE") (kungiyoyin sadaka huɗu da aka yi rajista tare da sha'awar al'amuran iyali), da iyaye guda uku, a matsayin mai amsawa. Gidan Inner House ya ki daukaka kara daga shawarar Ubangiji Pentland, a matsayin Ubangiji na yau da kullun. Lord Pentland ya ki amincewa da takardar neman izinin sake dubawa na shari'a (wanda aka sanya a ranar 11 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2014), yana riƙe da cewa tanadin sabis na mutum mai suna a Sashe na 4 na Dokar 2014 sun kasance cikin ikon da aka ba da izini na Majalisar dokokin Scotland kuma ba su saba wa haƙƙin doka na yau da kullun ba, ko Yarjejeniyar Turai, ko dokar EU kan kariya ta bayanai.

Ra'ayi na Gidan Cikin Gida, wanda Kotun Koli ta yanke hukunci, shi ne cewa dokar ta dace da doka, tana da manufa ta halal kuma ya zama dole a cikin al'ummar dimokuradiyya don amfanin, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, tsaron jama'a, rigakafin aikata laifuka, kariya ga kiwon lafiya ko ɗabi'a ko na haƙƙin wasu. Ra'ayi na Inner House ya dogara ne akan lura da cewa an yi amfani da dokar don samar wa kowane yaro ƙwararren ƙwararren wanda zai iya, idan ya cancanta, ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'auni ɗaya na hulɗa tare da kowane sabis na jama'a wanda yaron zai iya amfana, kuma wannan ba zai yi tasiri ba a kan shari'a, ɗabi'a ko dangantaka ta zamantakewa a cikin iyali, kuma, kuma, ba za ta haɗa da jihar ta karɓi duk wani aiki da iyayen da ke gudanarwa a halin yanzu game da haƙƙin yaro da tunaninsa ba, kuma ba.

### Magani mai yuwuwa a karkashin Dokar Scotland ta 1998
Ayyukan da hukunce-hukuncen sun fi damuwa da tanadi a Sashe na 4 na Dokar Yara da Matasa (Scotland) 2014, gami da sassan goma da ba a kawo su aiki a karkashin sashe na 102, wato,

* s.20 An ba da sunan sabis na mutum dangane da yaro kafin makaranta.
* s.21 An ba da sunan sabis na mutum dangane da yara da ba su fada cikin sashi na 20.
* s.22 Ci gaba da sabis na mutum mai suna dangane da wasu matasa.
* s.23 Sadarwa dangane da motsi na yara da matasa.
* s.24 Hakki don sadarwa game da rawar da mutane masu suna takawa.
* s.25 Aiki don taimakawa mutum mai suna.
* s.26 Bayani na raba bayanai.
* s.27 Bayyana bayanai.
* s.28 Jagora dangane da sabis na mutum mai suna.
* s.29 Adireshin dangane da sabis na mutum mai suna.

Lokacin da ta ba da izinin daukaka kara, Kotun Koli, bayan abin da ya gabata na hukuncin da ta yanke a *Salvesen da Riddell* ([2013] UKSC 22),  ta gayyaci jam'iyyun su samar, a cikin kwanaki 42 daga 28 ga Yuli (wanda ya ƙare a farkon Satumba), rubuce-rubucen rubuce-aikace game da sharuddan umarnin da Kotun za ta iya yi a karkashin Dokar Scotland ta 1998 don ba da damar Majalisar Dokokin Scotland da Ministocin Scotland damar gyara kuskuren da suka gano ba, amma Kotun ta bayyana a cikin halin yanzu, tunda ba za ta kawo a cikin tanadin majalisa ba.

### Sanarwar Gwamnati ta Satumba
Gwamnatin Scotland ta sanar a ranar 8 ga watan Satumba wani tsari da ya shafi ofisoshin Kwamishinan Yara da Kwamishinan Bayanai don magance damuwar da Kotun Koli ta tayar, gami da ci gaban ka'idar aiki don bayyana yadda ya kamata a raba bayanai a karkashin dokar, tare da niyyar yin aiki zuwa ranar farawa don dokar Agusta 2017.

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* . Bayani Bayani, Dokar Scotland 1998 sashi na 102
* ''Jagora don Samun dama ga kowane yaro'', Yuni 2012
* [Bayanan Bayani na hukuma game da Dokar Yara da Matasa (Scotland), kamar yadda aka gabatar a Majalisar Dokokin Scotland a ranar 17 ga Afrilu 2013](http://www.parliament.scot/S4_Bills/Children%20and%20Young%20People%20(Scotland)%20Bill/b27s4-introd-en.pdf) 
* Bayanan Bincike game da Dokar 
* Gabatarwa da ci gaban majalisa na lissafin
* Fitar da Bill, taƙaitaccen hukuma
* Dokar Yara da Matasa (Scotland) 2014
* Cikakken ra'ayi na Kotun Taron, Gidan Cikin Gida, 3 Satumba 2015 
* ''Cibiyar Kirista da sauransu (Masu daukaka kara) v The Lord Advocate (Masu ba da amsa) (Scotland) '', Hukuncin Kotun Koli 28 Yuli 2016, da kuma Labarin Labarai