Samuel Ogbemudia

**Samuel Osaigbovo Ogbemudia** (17 Satumba 1932 - 9 Maris 2017)  hafsan sojan Najeriya ne  kuma ɗan siyasa . Ya taba zama Gwamnan Soja (1967 – 1975) na Jihar Tsakiyar Yamma, daga baya aka sake masa suna Jihar Bendel, wanda kuma bangarensa ya zama Jihar Edo  Bayan komawar mulkin dimokradiyya a 1999, ya zama mai mulki a Jam’iyyar Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). A watan Satumban 2009, Gwamna Adams Oshiomhole na jihar Edo da sauran su sun halarci bikin cikarsa shekaru 77 a Benin.  An san shi a matsayin daya daga cikin iyayen da suka kafa babbar babbar asibitin koyarwa na Jami'ar Benin (UBTH) 

## Shekarun farko
An haifi Osaigbovo Ogbemudia a garin Benin a ranar 17 ga Satumbar 1932,  an rada masa sunan kakansa. A cikin harshen Edo, ana iya fahimtar sunan Ogbemudia da ma'anar "wannan iyali ya zo ya zauna". Lokacin yana matashi ya zauna tare da babban dan uwansa, Mista FS  dan kasuwa ne aBenin .  Ya halarci Makarantar Baptist ta Benin (1941-1945), sannan makarantar gwamnati, Victoria, a cikin Kamaru (1945-1947). Ya yi karatun sakandare a Makarantar Western Boy's High School, Benin City (1947-1949). 

Ya shiga aikin sojan Najeriya a 1956, inda ya yi horo a Teshie, Ghana da Netheravon da Salisbury Plain a Ingila (1957). Ya halarci Makarantar Mons Officer Cadet a Aldershot, Ingila, a cikin 1960, kuma an ba shi mukamin  laftanar na biyu a 1961. Ya halarci makarantar jindadi ta musamman na sojojin Amurka a Fort Bragg, North Carolina a cikin 1962. Ogbemudia ya yi aiki da rundunar wanzar da zaman lafiya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Kongo na tsawon watanni 16, kuma ya yi aiki a Tanzaniya a 1964.  An nada shi a matsayin malami a Makarantar Sojan Najeriya, Zariya a 1964. 

## Lokacin mulkin soja
A watan Janairun 1966, juyin mulki ya hambarar da gwamnatin farar hula ta Najeriya. A watan Yulin 1966, an hambarar da shugaban mulkin soja Manjo Janar Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi tare da kashe shi a wani juyin mulkin da ake kira juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966 karkashin jagorancin Laftanar Kanar Murtala Mohammed . Shugaban ma’aikatan Ironsi Yakubu Gowon ya zama shugaban kasa. A matsayinsa na Brigade Major na Ist Brigade a Kaduna,  Ogbemudia ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen dakile juyin mulkin inda ya kwance damarar dakarunsa da ke Kaduna bisa shawarar kwamandan manyan bindigogi, Laftanar-Kanar Alex Madiebo.  A lokacin juyin mulkin/mutin, shi ma Laftanar Buka Suka Dimka ya yi yunkurin kashe Manjo Ogbemudia amma Manjo Ogbemudia ya tsallake rijiya da baya saboda samun wani labari daga Kanar Hassan Katsina da Manjo Abba Kyari.  A cikin watan Agustan wannan shekarar ne aka mayar da shi kwamandan yankin, birnin Benin a matsayin Quarter Master-General, 4th Area Command.  Ogbemudia tare da Manjo Janar Ejoor, Gwamnan Soja na Jihar Tsakiyar Yamma da kuma Pius Ermobor, jami’in leken asiri ne kawai jami’ai uku da ke da matsayi na Manjo zuwa sama da suka rike mukaman shugabanni dabarun da ba su fito daga al’ummar kabilar Igbo ba. yankin Mid-west.  A ranar 9 ga watan Agustan shekarar 1967, sojojin Biafra karkashin jagorancin Victor Banjo suka mamaye yankin Mid-west da babban birnin kasar, Benin, ba tare da wata turjiya ba. .  Ejoor ya samu damar tserewa zuwa Legas yayin da Ogbemudia ya shiga karkashin kasa a takaice yana shirya wani gangamin da ya kunshi mutanen da suka nuna rashin amincewa da mamayar.  Daga baya ya tafi Hedikwatar Sojoji da ke Legas, sannan ya shiga rundunar Murtala Mohammed da ya jagoranci runduna ta biyu ta hanyar kai hari zuwa Midwest.  A ranar 20 ga Satumbar 1967, sojoji karkashin Ogbemudia sun kwace birnin Benin daga hannun dakarun Biafra. 

An nada Ogbemudia a matsayin shugaban soji na jihar Mid-West a watan Satumba, 1967 bayan kwato jihar daga ‘yan awaren Biafra .  An kara masa girma zuwa Laftanar Kanar, Ogbemudia an nada shi Gwamnan Soja a jihar a ranar 26 ga Oktoba 1967.  Wani populist, mai sadaukar da kai ga sake ginawa bayan yakin, ya ƙaddamar da inganta fannonin wasanni, ci gaban birane, ilimi, sufuri na jama'a, gidaje da kasuwanci.  Ya gina filin wasa na Ogbe, wanda a yanzu ake kiransa da filin wasa na Samuel Ogbemudia, kuma a cikin watan Agustan 1973 ya kaddamar da gidan tarihi na kasa mai hawa uku a birnin Benin .  Sauran ayyukan sun hada da Agbede Mechanized Farm, Rural Electrification Board, Bendel Steel Structures, Bendel Pharmaceuticals, Bendel Boatyard, Jami'ar Benin da Bendel Line.  A shekarun baya jama’a suna waiwaye kan kujerar sa a matsayin lokacin da aka samu nasarori da dama, sai kuma koma bayan gwamnatocin baya.   

Mambobin majalisarsa sun hada da Edwin Clark, Frank Oputa-Otutu, T.E.A.  Salubi, and Lawrence Leo Borha.

A watan Yulin 1975, lokacin da Murtala Mohammed ya zama shugaban kasa, ya yi wa gwamnonin soja goma sha biyu da suka yi aiki karkashin Yakubu Gowon ritaya.  An mayar da ritayar gwamnonin da aka samu da laifin cin hanci da rashawa zuwa kora.  Daga cikin wadannan akwai Birgediya Janar Samuel Ogbemudia, Murtala wanda shi ne jagoran masu kai hare-hare ta Tsakiyar Yamma a wancan lokaci ya nada ba tare da wani bangare ba shekaru takwas da suka wuce, wanda kuma ya maye gurbinsa da Kanar George Agbazika Innih.  Wani kwamiti ne ya binciki Ogbemudia a shekarar 1975 amma yana ganin ba zai iya samun shari’a ta gaskiya ba saboda Ogbemudia ya sauke shugaban kwamitin daga mukaminsa na baya.  Kwamitin binciken kadarorin na 1975 ya same shi da laifin cin hanci da rashawa.  A jamhuriya ta biyu, majalisar dokokin jihar Bendel ta wanke shi daga rashin gudanar da mulki.

Ogbemudia ya kasance a Landan a lokacin juyin mulkin Yuli 1975 kuma ya taimaka wajen gyara gidan Gowon na Landan bayan da tsohon shugaban ya yi gudun hijira. 

## Bayan kammala aikin soja
A wani dan takaitaccen lokaci na komawa mulkin farar hula, an zabi Ogbemudia a matsayin gwamnan jihar Bendel a watan Oktoban 1983 a matsayin dan takarar jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria, inda ya maye gurbin Ambrose Alli na jam'iyyar Unity Party of Nigeria . Sai dai ya rasa mukaminsa a watan Disambar wannan shekarar lokacin da Muhammadu Buhari ya zama shugaban mulkin soja bayan juyin mulkin da ya hambarar da shugaban farar hula Shehu Shagari . 

A tsakanin 1987 zuwa 1989, Ogbemudia ya kasance Shugaban Hukumar Wasanni ta Najeriya, a 1989, Babangida ya nada shi a matsayin Shugaban Hukumar Kula da Jiragen Kasa ta Kasa ( NRC ). A lokacin gwamnatinsa, ayyuka da kudaden kamfanin sun inganta kafin ya bar NRC a 1992. 

Janar Sani Abacha, shugaban kasa na mulkin soja daga Nuwamba 1993, har zuwa rasuwarsa a watan Yuni, 1998, ya nada Ogbemudia a matsayin ministan kwadago da wadata.  An jiyo Ogbemudia na cewa zai mutu saboda Abacha.  Ogbemudia ya goyi bayan wani yunkuri na ganin Abacha ya tsaya takara, yana mai cewa “Al’ummar kasar nan sun samu ci gaba mai ban mamaki a karkashin Janar Abacha . . . Babu shakka shi ne kadai amsar ci gaban Nijeriya da ci gabanta.” 

### Jamhuriyya ta hudu
Bayan dawo da mulkin dimokradiyya a 1998/1999, Ogbemudia yana daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa jam’iyyar PDP a jihar Edo, kuma mamba a kwamitin amintattu na jam’iyyar.  Ogbemudia da Cif Anthony Anenih ne ke rike da siyasar PDP a jihar Edo tsawon shekaru goma masu zuwa, inda da farko suka yi aiki tare amma daga baya suka samu sabani. 

A watan Disambar 2004, an ce Ogbemudia ya amince Anthony Anenih ya zama gwamnan jihar Edo. Ya ce ba ya son halin da wani yanki na sanata a jihar ke da rikon mukamin gwamna na dindindin.  A watan Nuwamba 2007, a wani babban taro na PDP a Samuel Ogbemudia Stadium a Benin, Ogbemudia ya yi kakkausar suka ga shawarar Anthony Anenih na canza tsarin shiyya na ofisoshin da ake da su, sannan ya fice daga taron. 

A cikin Disamba 2006, Ogbemudia ya nuna goyon bayansa ga takarar shugaban kasa na Dr Mohammed Buba Marwa . 

A ranar 20 ga Maris, 2008, wata kotu ta soke zaben Oserheimen Osunbor (PDP) a matsayin gwamnan jihar Edo saboda kura-kuran zabe, sannan ta bayyana comrade Adams Oshiomhole na jam’iyyar Action Congress a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben.  A wata hira da aka yi da shi a watan Nuwamba a shekarar 2008, yayin da wani fitaccen dan kwamitin amintattu na PDP Ogbemudia ya ce da ya fi son dan PDP ya yi nasara. Sai dai ya amince da sakamakon kotun, ya kuma bayyana Oshiomhole a matsayin mutum mai karfin hali. Ya yi magana da sukar gwamnonin farko, irin su Cif Lucky Igbinedion . 

A watan Yulin 2009, Ogbemudia ya kasance shugaban wani bangare na PDP da ke goyon bayan Farfesa. Julius Ihonvbere a matsayin dan takarar gwamnan jihar Edo a shekarar 2011. Bangaren da Tony Anenih ya jagoranta sun zabi Sanata Odion Ugbesia a matsayin dan takara.  A watan Oktoban 2009, Ogbemudia ya gaza halartar taron hadin kan jam’iyyar a jihar Edo wanda Anthony Anenih ya shirya.  Bayan wata daya, Ogbemudia ya yaba da irin nasarorin da Oshiomhole ya samu a shekarar farko da ya hau kan karagar mulki, lamarin da ya janyo cece-kuce kan yiwuwar kawancen siyasa tsakanin mutanen biyu.

## Mutuwa
Sam Ogbemudia Jr Dan Ogbemudia ya tabbatar wa manema labarai rasuwar mahaifinsa a gidan marigayin a ranar Juma’a a Benin 09 ga Maris 2017. Ya ce mahaifinsa ya rasu ranar Alhamis a wani asibiti mai zaman kansa da ke Legas yana da shekaru 84 a duniya.

## Manazarta

Gwamnoni jihar BandelGwamnonin Yakubu GowonGwamnonin Najeriya