Hukuncin kisa ga laifuffuka marasa ƙarfi

Shari'a ta ba da izinin kisa ga laifuka a wasu ƙasashe. Irin waɗannan laifuka sun haɗa da zina, ridda, saɓo, cin hanci da rashawa, fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi, leken asiri, zamba, luwaɗi, cin amana, da sodomy ba tare da karfi ba, ƙarya da ke haifar da kisan mutum marar laifi (wanda, duk da haka, ana iya la'akari da shi har ma da hukunci kamar kisan kai), karuwanci, maita da maita, sata, cin amana da leken asiri. Baya ga cin amanar farar hula da leken asiri, sau da yawa ana la'akari da laifukan kisa a kan jihar inda ake riƙe da hukuncin kisa, dokokin soja galibi suna ba da umarnin kisa ga manyan laifuka, gami da a cikin hukunce-hukuncen da hukuncin kisa ba bisa ka'ida ba ne ko kuma ya wuce a ƙarƙashin dokar farar hula.

## Yin zina
Kasashe masu zuwa suna sanya hukuncin kisa don zina: Afghanistan, Brunei,  Iran, Maldives, Mauritania, Najeriya, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Yemen, Sudan, Qatar.

## ridda da saɓo
ridda yana nufin yin watsi / barin / barin Addini mutum don wani addini (wanda aka sani da juyawa) ko Rashin addini (wanda ake kira deconversion ko disaffiliation, gami da matsayi kamar rashin yarda da Allah, agnosticism da freeethought). A cikin karni na 21, ana ɗaukar wannan laifi ne kawai ga Musulmai, a cikin ƙayyadadden ƙasashe da yankuna (ashirin da biyar tun daga 2014 bisa ga Cibiyar Bincike ta Pew, dukansu suna cikin Afirka ko Asiya ), kusan goma daga cikinsu sun haɗa da hukuncin kisa a matsayin hukunci a gare shi; wasu hukunce-hukuncen na iya haifar da ƙananan hukunci kamar ɗaurin kurkuku, tarar ko asarar wasu haƙƙin farar hula, musamman auren mutum da kula da yaro. Juya Musulmi zuwa wani addini ko rashin addini wani lokacin ana kuma aikata laifuka a matsayin 'mai bin ridda'. Ba a san ridda a matsayin laifi da ke da alhakin kowane irin hukunci ga masu bin kowane addini a kowace ƙasa a cikin karni na 21. Mataki na 18 na Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) ya haɗa da 'yancin canza addini ko imani', saboda haka duk wani cikas na ridda ana ɗaukarsa keta haƙƙin ɗan adam a cikin dokar ƙasa da ƙasa.

Blasphemy yana nufin Zagi, ɓata suna ko lalata wani abu ko wani abu da ake ɗauka Mai tsarki a cikin addinai ɗaya ko fiye. Ba kamar ridda ba, matsayin addini na mutumin da ake zargi ko ake zargi da saɓo gabaɗaya ana ɗaukarsa ba shi da mahimmanci; alal misali, ana iya zargi Musulmi da 'saɓo' wani abu ko mutum da wasu Kiristoci (ko ƙungiyar Kirista ko iko) suka ɗauka mai tsarki, kuma akasin haka, idan ma wannan abu ko mutum ba 'tsarki' ga wanda ake zargi ba ne. A cikin karni na 21, saɓo ya fi zama laifi fiye da ridda, a cikin hukunce-hukunce a duniya, kuma addinai da yawa sun rinjayi shi ciki har da Kristanci, Islama da Yahudanci. Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2020, ana iya hukunta saɓo ta hanyar hukuncin kisa a kasashe takwas, dukansu Musulmi ne mafi rinjaye.

A wasu yankuna da Shari'a (dokar Islama) ta rinjayi, ridda da *saɓo* suna da alaƙa da laifuka. 'Apostasy', ko 'bayyanawa na ridda a fili', wani lokacin ana ɗaukarsa nau'i ne, ko shaidar, saɓo; sannan ana gurfanar da shi kamar haka, duk da cewa ' ridda' kanta bazai zama laifi ba. Wannan ya faru misali a Pakistan. Hakazalika, wani lokacin ana ɗaukar saɓo a matsayin nau'i, ko shaida na, ridda, sannan ana gurfanar da shi a matsayin haka, duk da cewa 'saɓo' kanta bazai zama laifi ba. Misali na inda wannan yanayin zai iya faruwa shine Qatar.

ridda da saɓo suna da alaƙa da rashin yarda da Allah. A hukumance, kasancewa mai musun wanzuwar Allah - ko kuma wanda ba na addini ba - kanta ba laifi ba ne a kowace ƙasa, amma a aikace yana da wahala a zama mai musun wanjewar Allah ba tare da samun damar zama mai musun Allah ba (wanda ba zai yiwu ba ga Musulmai a kasashe da yawa, wasu daga cikinsu suna sanya hukuncin kisa) ko kuma yayin da yake buƙatar ɓoye shi ga kowa cewa mutum mai musun wanfu ne. Sabili da haka, kodayake akwai bambancin fasaha tsakanin zama mai musun wanzuwar Allah (wani nau'i na ridda), kasancewa mai musun wanfuwar Allah (wanda ake ganin rashin yarda da Allah), da kuma bayyana cewa mutum mai musun wanzuwa ne (wanda wasu ke ɗaukar nau'i ne na 'tsinkaye'), wasu masu sharhi suna tsara yanayin shari'a kamar yadda 'kasancewar mai musun wantuwar Allah ana hukunta shi da hukuncin kisa' a wasu ƙasashe.

### ridda

Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2020,  daga Musulmai (ridda) ke ɗauke da hukuncin kisa a cikin ƙasashe masu zuwa: Afghanistan, Brunei, Iran, Maldives, Mauritania, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somaliya (a bayyane), Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, da Yemen. Jihohin Malaysia Kelantan da Terengganu sun ba da umarnin hukuncin kisa don ridda, amma dokar tarayya ta haramta kisa don wannan dalili; saboda wannan, ba a taɓa aiwatar da shi a aikace ba. Hakazalika a Najeriya, wasu jihohin arewacin sun karɓi dokar Shari'a, kodayake kisa don ridda zai saba wa Tsarin Mulki na Tarayya, sabili da haka ba a tabbatar da ko za a iya aiwatar da hukuncin kisa ba.

* **Afghanistan**: "Dangane da Mataki na 1 na Dokar Shari'a, laifukan  da , gami da ridda, suna da azabtarwa da aka yi daidai da Shari'ar Hanafi ta Shari'a ta Shari'ar Shari'a (Haria law), wanda ya haɗa da hukuncin kisa ga waɗanda ba masu imani da ridda ba. "
* **Brunei**: Sashe na 112 (1) na Dokar Shari'a ta 2013 Syariah (Sharia) (wanda aka aiwatar da shi gaba ɗaya a cikin 2019) ya sa Musulmi wanda ya bayyana kansa ba Musulmi ba za a hukunta shi da mutuwa, ko kuma tare da ɗaurin kurkuku na tsawon lokaci wanda bai wuce shekaru talatin ba da kuma azabtar da jiki, dangane da nau'in shaidar. Idan Kotun Shari'a ta gamsu cewa wanda ake tuhuma ya tuba, Kotun dole ne ta ba da umarnin wankewa.
* **Iran**: Ba a bayyana ridda a bayyane a cikin dokar farar hula ko ta aikata laifuka ta Iran ba, amma bisa ga Mataki na 167 na kundin tsarin mulki: "Alkalin ya kamata ya yi ƙoƙari ya yi hukunci da kowane shari'a bisa ga dokar da aka tsara. Idan babu irin wannan doka, dole ne ya ba da hukuncinsa bisa tushen ikon Musulunci da kuma fatwa na gaskiya. "An yi amfani da dokar Shari'a don azabtar da 'yan ridda Musulmai da hukuncin kisa. A shekara ta 1989, an kashe Hossein Soodmand, wanda ya tuba daga Islama zuwa Kiristanci kuma fasto ne na Majalisar Allah, saboda ridda. Kisan kai na karshe da aka rubuta don ridda a Iran ya kasance a cikin 1990.

* **Malaysia**: ridda ba laifi ne na tarayya ba. Dokokin ridda na Islama sun bambanta daga jiha zuwa jiha. Jihohin Malaysia Kelantan da Terengganu sun ba da umarnin hukuncin kisa don ridda, amma dokar tarayya ta haramta kisa don wannan dalili, don haka, ba a taɓa aiwatar da shi a aikace ba. Matsakaicin hukunci kowane jiha a halin yanzu zai iya hukunta ɗan ridda Musulmi zuwa shekaru 3 a kurkuku.
* **Maldives**: "Yayin da yawancin 'laifuka' na addini ba a rubuta su ba a ƙarƙashin dokar hukunci, an ba da dama mai yawa don gurfanar da laifukan  a ƙarƙashin dokar Shari'a. Dokar hukunci ta ba alƙalai damar sanya hukuncin Shari'a, gami da ridda da saɓo". A watan Yunin 2010, Mohammed Nazim wanda ya bayyana kansa a fili tsohon Musulmi, 'yan sanda suka kama shi kuma Ma'aikatar Musulunci ta ba shi shawara ta addini a kurkuku don yin tuba ko a kashe shi; Nazim ya tuba kuma an sake shi. 
* **Mauritania**: "A cikin 2018, Mauritania ta kafa doka wacce ta sa hukuncin kisa don ridda ya zama tilas. "
* **Najeriya**: "Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Najeriya yana kare 'yancin addini kuma yana ba da izinin juyowa na addini. Sashe na 10 na kundin tsarin mulki ya ce, 'Gwamnatin Tarayyar Jiha ba za ta karɓi kowane addini a matsayin Addinin Jiha ba.' Koyaya, sashe na 275-279 na Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya ba jihohin su ikon kafa kotunan Shari'a nasu kan batutuwan farar hula. Ana buƙatar bin doka ta Shari'a ga Musulmai a wasu jihohi amma zaɓi a wasu kuma aiwatar da ta bambanta da jihohi. Dokar Shari'a ta saba wa Kundin Tsarin Mulki, duk da haka gwamnatin tarayya ba ta yi wani mataki don dawo da wannan keta tsarin mulki ba, ta bar jihohin da Musulmai suka mamaye arewa su sami hanyarsu kuma ba su kare haƙƙin tsarin mulki na 'yan ƙasa da Sharia ta keta ba. Ba a san ko ko ko ko wani daga cikin jihohi 12 na arewacin da suka karɓi wasu dokokin Shari'a suna aiwatar da hukuncin kisa, wanda zai saba wa Tsarin Mulki na Tarayya.
* **Qatar**: "Jayar da wani addini daga Islama ana daukar shi ridda kuma ya kasance babban laifi a Qatar (Mataki na 1.1 na Dokar 11 na 2004). " "Za a iya ɗaukar zargi na saɓo a matsayin shaida na ridda" (maimakon wata hanya). "Duk da haka tun daga shekara ta 1971 ba a rubuta wani hukunci ga ridda ba. "Daga kansa, saɓo yana ɗauke da matsakaicin hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku. 
* **Saudi Arabia**: A Saudi Arabia Sharia tana aiki a matsayin dokar ƙasar, amma ba a tsara shi a cikin doka ba. "An yi wa apostazi laifi kuma yana ba da izinin hukuncin kisa. Wani lokaci ana amfani da zargi na " ridda" a kan mutane (ciki har da marubuta, masu gwagwarmaya, masu zane-zane, ko lauyoyi) waɗanda ke nuna alamar turawa a kan iyakokin waje na 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki, ko waɗanda suke sukar hukumomin addini, kuma waɗanda ra'ayoyinsu (daidai ko ba daidai ba daidai ba) ana kiransu 'masu musun wanzu' ko kuma a matsayin 'zantar da addini'.