Tewolde Berhan Gebre Egziabher

Tewolde Berhan Gebre Egziabher ( Tigrinya  ; 19 Fabrairu 1940 - 20 Maris 2023) masanin kimiyar Habasha ne wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta 'yancin rayuwa a cikin 2000 "saboda kyakkyawan aikin da ya yi na kiyaye rayayyun halittu da haƙƙin gargajiya na manoma da al'ummomi ga albarkatun halittarsu

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Tewolde a Adwa, wani gari a yankin Tigray a ranar 19 ga Fabrairun 1940. Kane ne ga fitaccen marubuci Sebhat Gebre-Egziabher . Ya halarci makarantar Elementary Negeste Saba (Sarauniyar Sheba) a Adwa daga Oktoba 1951 zuwa Yuni 1955. An karɓi Tewolde zuwa Makarantar Sakandare ta Janar Wingate a Addis Ababa kuma ya yi karatu a can daga Satumba 1955 zuwa Yuli 1959. Daga nan sai aka karbe shi zuwa Jami'ar Addis Ababa (sai Haile Selassie I) University, Addis Ababa inda ya yi karatu daga Satumba 1959 zuwa Yuli 1963 kuma ya lashe lambar zinare ta Chancellor don mafi kyawun digiri a Faculty of Science. Ya yi karatu a School of Plant Biology, University of North Wales daga Oktoba 1966 – Nuwamba. 1969 kuma an ba shi PhD a ƙarƙashin Farfesa P. Greig Smith. Ph.D. 

Tewolde ya yi aiki a Sashen Biology a Jami'ar Addis Ababa daga 1963, yana aiki a matsayin mataimaki na digiri, mataimakin malami, kuma mataimakin farfesa. An nada shi shugaban tsangayar kimiyya a shekarar 1974, kuma ya yi aiki a wannan matsayi har zuwa 1978, lokacin da aka nada shi mataimakin farfesa a fannin ilmin halitta. A cikin 1978 ya kuma fara aiki na ɗan lokaci tare da Hukumar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Habasha a matsayin Jagoran aikin bincike da IDRC-UNU ta ɗauki nauyin bincike "Bincike da Ci gaba a Saitunan Rural". Daga 1980 zuwa 1996, ya kasance shugaban ayyuka na aikin flora na Habasha. 

An nada Tewolde shugaban jami'ar Asmara a shekarar 1983, kuma ya rike wannan mukamin har zuwa 1994. Daga Maris 1995 ya zama Babban Manajan Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Habasha. 

A cikin shekarun 1990s, Tewolde ya sanya yawancin kuzarinsa cikin shawarwari a fafutuka daban-daban da suka shafi halittu, musamman Yarjejeniyar Diversity (CBD) da Kungiyar Abinci da Aikin Noma . A wannan lokacin, ya kafa wani kakkarfan gungun masu yin shawarwari na kasashen Afirka, wadanda suka fara jagorancin kungiyar G77 da kasar Sin. Afirka ta fito tare da haɗin kai, ƙarfi, matsayi na ci gaba, kamar rashin haƙƙin mallaka kan kayan rayuwa da kuma amincewa da haƙƙin al'umma. Hakan ya karfafa matsayin G77 da kasar Sin wajen yin shawarwari.

Tewolde ya taka rawar gani wajen samun shawarwari daga Kungiyar Hadin Kan Afirka (OAU) da ke karfafa wa kasashen Afirka gwiwa don bunkasawa da aiwatar da hakkokin al'umma, matsaya daya kan batutuwan da suka danganci ciniki na 'yancin mallakar fasaha, da kuma tsayuwar daka a kan haƙƙin mallaka kan rayuwa. Tewolde ya kuma jagoranci tsara tsarin dokokin OAU na kare hakkin al'umma, wanda yanzu ake amfani da shi a matsayin tushen gamayya ga dukkan kasashen Afirka.

A tattaunawar 1999 biosafety a Cartagena, Colombia, Tewolde shi ne mai magana da yawun mafi yawan kasashen G77, wanda ake kira 'The Like Minded Group '. Waɗannan shawarwarin sun ƙare ba tare da ƙarewa ba, amma an kai ga ƙarshe cikin nasara a Montreal a cikin Janairu 2000.  Jagorancin Tewolde na ƙungiyar masu son ra'ayi a cikin shawarwarin ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen cimma sakamako kan ƙaƙƙarfan adawar Amurka da EU - wanda ke kare lafiyar halittu da rayayyun halittu da mutunta haƙƙin gargajiya da na al'umma a ƙasashe masu tasowa. 

An kuma nada Tewolde a matsayin daya daga cikin wadanda suka lashe lambar yabo ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya mafi girma ta muhalli a shekara ta 2006, Zakarun Duniya . Ya kuma kasance memba na Majalisar Gaba ta Duniya .

Tewolde ya mutu a ranar 20 ga Maris 2023, yana da shekaru 83. 

## Kyauta

* Kyautar Rayuwa ta Dama (2000)
* Zakarun Duniya (2006)

## Magana

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Biography on Right Livelihood Award