Nélie Jacquemart

**Cornélie Barbe Hyacinthe Jacquemart**  ), wanda aka sani da **Nélie** (  ; 25 Yuli 1841 – 15 Mayu 1912) ɗan ƙasar Faransa ne mai zane, mai tattara zane-zane kuma mai kula da zane-zane.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Cornélie Barbe Hyacinthe Jacquemart a birnin Paris, inda iyayenta suka ƙaura daga Meurthe a shekara ta 1835 domin mahaifinta, Joseph, ya iya aiki a matsayin "relais" (wani nau'in ma'aikacin kamfen) ga , ɗan takarar 'yan majalisa na gida na Mataimakiyar Ƙasa . Mahaifiyarta, Marie, wataƙila ƙwararren mai kuɗi ce kuma da alama mahaifinta ya mutu jim kaɗan bayan haihuwarta. Babu tabbas sosai, domin daga baya ta lalata takardu da yawa na farko, don ɓoye asalinta na 'yan ƙasa. 

Lokacin da Jacquemart ta nuna baiwar fasaha ta farko, ta zama ɗa ga matar De Vatry, , kuma ta yi lokacin bazara a masaukinsu na farauta a tsohon wurin farautar da ke Chaalis Abbey . A can, ta haɓaka ƙwarewar zane kuma ta haɗu da fitattun mutane da yawa waɗanda suka shiga cikin Bourbon Restoration .  Godiya ga Mme. de Vatry, ta sami damar yin karatu a bitar Léon Cogniet, Farfesa a École nationale supérieure des beaux-arts, wanda ba ya karɓar ɗalibai mata a lokacin. 'Yar'uwar Cogniet, Marie-Amélie, ce ta ba da darussan, kuma galibi sun ƙunshi kwafin ayyukan Cogniet. 

Farkon bayyanarta a bainar jama'a ta fito ne daga wani wuri mai ban mamaki. A shekarar 1858, Malka Kachwar, Sarauniyar Oudh, ta mutu a birnin Paris a kan hanyarta ta komawa gida daga Landan. An binne ta da babban biki a Père-Lachaise . Jacquemart tana can, tare da Léon Cogniet, kuma ta ƙirƙiri zane-zane da yawa na taron. Wani edita a *L'Illustration* mai suna Aristide Merille ya sanya su zama lithographs na Évremond de Bérard da Jules Worms kuma ya buga su a cikin mujallar daga baya a wannan shekarar. 

Jaquemart ta fara nuna fim a Salon a shekarar 1863 lokacin tana da shekaru ashirin da biyu kacal. Sakamakon haka, ta sami kwamitoci da dama. A Salon na shekarar 1866, gwamnati ta sayi ɗaya daga cikin ayyukanta kuma an nuna ta a Palais des Tuileries har sai da aka lalata ginin da ginin a lokacin Commune . A shekarar 1867, ta sami damar tafiya Italiya, inda ta yi karatu tare da Ernest Hébert, Daraktan Académie de France à Rome . Yayin da take can, ta yi abota da Geneviève Bréton, wani dangin Louis Hachette, wanda ya rubuta cikakken littafin tarihin rayuwar Jacquemart.  Ta hanyar Bréton, ta haɗu da marubuci , ɗan Ministan Ilimi, Victor Duruy, wanda ta zana hotonsa. Bayan haka, a cewar Bréton, ba ta yi tunanin yin aure ba.  An ba ta lambar yabo a Salon 1870.

### Mai tattara zane-zane
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka, Yaƙin Faransa da Prussia ya fara. Daga cikin waɗanda abin ya shafa akwai ƙawarta, mai zane Henri Regnault, wacce ta mutu tana kare birnin Paris. Duk da haka, ta ci gaba da yin zane. Bayan yaƙin, an ba ta umarnin yin hoton Shugaba Adolphe Thiers . Ta kuma yi hoton mai tattara zane-zane, Édouard André . Shekaru tara bayan haka, ta aure shi, kodayake babu wata shaida da ke nuna cewa suna da dangantaka. Yana rashin lafiya a lokacin kuma iyalinsa sun dage kan yarjejeniyar aure wadda ta kafa cikakken raba kadarorinsu.  Duk da wannan tsari, tarin kayansu, waɗanda aka fara shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, sun fara haɗuwa. Daga ƙarshe, ta yanke shawarar sanya sunanta a matsayin Jacquemart-André.

Ma'auratan sun yi tafiya a faɗin Turai, Masar da Turkiyya, suna ƙara wa tarin kayansu. Gabaɗaya, sun sayi sassaka 207 da zane-zane 97. Sun fi sha'awar fasahar Renaissance ta Italiya kuma sun haifar da rikici lokacin da suka sayi zane-zanen Tiepolo a Palazzo Contarini-Pisani, kusa da Padua . An kai hari a cikin manema labarai kuma mutane da yawa sun yi kira da a hana cire su daga Italiya. Duk da haka, an cire zane-zanen kuma yanzu suna cikin gidan ma'auratan (yanzu Gidan Tarihi na Jacquemart-André ) a Boulevard Haussmann . 

Bayan mutuwar Édouard a shekarar 1894, ta samar da kwafin takardar da ta ba ta damar mallakar dukkan tarin kayan haɗin gwiwa. Iyalinsa sun yi jayayya kan sahihancinsa, amma ta yi nasara a shari'ar. Bayan ta karɓi kayan, ta faɗaɗa tarin don haɗawa da lambobin yabo da zane-zanen Ingilishi. A shekarar 1902, ta gano cewa an sayar da kadarorin Mme.de Vatry, ciki har da Chaalis Abbey. Abin farin ciki, ta sami damar mallakar Abbey kuma ta ajiye wani ɓangare na tarin kayanta a wurin. Ta kuma yi odar wani abin tunawa na jana'iza, inda ta nuna mata da fenti da buroshi a hannu, duk da cewa ba ta yi zane sosai ba a cikin kusan shekaru talatin.

Jacquemart ta rasu a shekarar 1912, a gidanta da ke Boulevard Haussmann a birnin Paris. An binne ta a cikin cocin da ke Abbey, an yi mata ado da zane-zane daga Francesco Primaticcio . Bisa ga yarjejeniyar da ta yi da Édouard, an ba wa Institut de France duk kadarorinta. Shekara guda bayan haka, an buɗe gidajen tarihi guda biyu na Jacquemart-André kuma an buɗe su ga jama'a; ɗaya a birnin Paris ɗaya kuma a Abbey .

## Manazarta