Brigitte Mabandla

**Brigitte Sylvia Mabandla** (an haife ta a ranar 23 ga watan Nuwamba 1948) 'yar siyasa ce ta Afirka ta Kudu, lauya kuma tsohuwar mai fafutukar yaki da wariyar launin fata wacce ta yi aiki a majalisar ministocin Afirka ta Kudu daga shekarun 2003 zuwa 2009, gami da matsayin Ministan Shari'a da Ci gaban Tsarin Mulki daga shekarun 2004 zuwa 2008. Ta zama jakadiyar Afirka ta Kudu a Sweden a cikin watan Janairu 2020. Tsohuwar  jam'iyyar ANC ce ta zama mamba a kwamitin gudanarwa na jam'iyyar a tsakanin shekarun 1997 zuwa 2012.

An haife ta a birnin Durban, Mabandla ta shiga siyasa ta kungiyar ɗalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu a jami'ar Arewa kafin ta tafi gudun hijira tare da ANC a shekarar 1975. Bayan shafe shekaru goma tana karatu da koyar da shari'a a Botswana da Zambia, ta kasance mai bawa jam'iyyar ANC shawara ta fuskar shari'a a Lusaka daga shekarun 1986 zuwa 1990. Daga nan sai ta shiga tawagar jam'iyyar wajen yin shawarwarin kawo ƙarshen mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata, inda ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kare hakkin mata da yara. Ta shiga Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa  a babban zaɓen watan Afrilu na shekarar 1994, kuma bayan wani ɗan lokaci a matsayin mai riƙe da madafun iko, Shugaba Nelson Mandela ya naɗa ta a matsayin mataimakiyar ministar fasaha, al'adu, kimiya da fasaha a shekarar 1995.

Bayan ta yi aiki a fannin fasaha da al'adu daga shekarun 1995 zuwa 2003, an naɗa Mabandla a majalisar ministocin shugaba Thabo Mbeki a matsayin ministar gidaje daga shekarun 2003 zuwa 2004. Bayan zaɓen gama gari na watan Afrilun 2004, Mbeki ya naɗa ta a matsayin mace ta farko a Afirka ta Kudu ministar shari'a, inda ta kasance mai wahala da cece-kuce tsakaninta da hukumar shigar da kara ta ƙasa  da shugabanta Vusi Pikoli. Ta kasance ministar shari'a har zuwa watan Satumbar 2008, lokacin da ta zama ministar kasuwancin gwamnati a majalisar ministocin shugaba Kgalema Motlanthe. Ta yi murabus daga siyasar majalisa bayan babban zaɓen watan Afrilun 2009.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Mabandla a ranar 23 ga watan Nuwamba 1948  a Durban a tsohuwar lardin Natal.  Ta halarci Jami'ar Arewa a Turfloop amma an cire ta saboda ayyukanta na siyasa;  daga baya, yayin da take gudun hijira, ta kammala karatun digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Zambia a shekarar 1979. 

## Yunkurin kare launin fata da aiki
Mabandla ta yi fice a fagen siyasa a Turfloop a matsayin mai fafutuka a kungiyar ɗaliban Afirka ta Kudu (SASO), ƙungiyar yaki da nuna wariyar launin fata ta Black Consciousness Movement.  Bayan an cire ta daga jami'a, ta koma Natal, inda ta zauna a cikin wani yanki na yau da kullum a Lamontville kuma ta yi aiki a ɗan gajeren lokaci a matsayin mai kula da matasa a Cibiyar Race Relations a Durban tsakanin shekarun 1974 da 1975.   Har ila yau, ta ci gaba da aiki a SASO: a cikin watan Satumba 1974, ta kasance mamba a kwamitin SASO wacce ta shirya taron "Viva FRELIMO" a Durban da Turfloop, kuma ita da mijinta suna cikin masu fafutuka da aka kama bayan taron.  An tsare ta tsawon wata biyar da makonni uku, a lokacin ba a ba ta izinin ganin ɗiyarta mai wata biyar ba, 'yar fari.  Haka kuma ‘yan sanda sun gana mata azaba a lokuta da dama a lokacin da take tsare. Ko da yake ita kanta ba ta ba da shaida a gaban Hukumar Gaskiya da sasantawa ta bayan mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata ba,  wani jami'in Security Branch  ya nemi a yi mata afuwa, yana mai cewa ya shiga cikin azabtar da ita; ya rasu kafin a saurari buƙatarsa. 

An sake Mabandla da mijinta a ƙarƙashin dokar hana fita a shekarar 1975, kuma, daga baya a wannan shekarar, sun bar Afirka ta Kudu don tafiya gudun hijira a wasu wurare a Kudancin Afirka, dukansu don guje wa cin zarafin 'yan sanda da kuma shiga cikin haramtacciyar African National Congress (ANC).  Daga baya Mabandla ta ce a jam’iyyar ANC, rayuwata ta canza, na fuskanci wani nau’in ilimi, siyasa, tattalin arziki, gwagwarmayar akidu, da akidun duniya.  Bayan kammala LLB ɗinta, ta zama malama, tana karantar da turanci da shari'a a Botswana Polytechnic daga shekarun 1981 zuwa 1983 sannan ta karanta dokar kasuwanci a Cibiyar Gudanarwa da Kasuwanci ta Botswana daga shekarun 1983 zuwa 1986.  Buƙatun bincikenta sun hada da 'yancin ɗan adam, 'yancin yara, da kuma dokokin tsarin mulki. A shekarar 1986, ta koma hedkwatar jam'iyyar ANC a Lusaka, Zambia, inda ta zama mai ba da shawara kan harkokin shari'a da tsarin mulki na jam'iyyar. 

A cikin shekarar 1990, Mabandla ta bar muƙamin mai ba ta shawara kan harkokin shari'a don shiga cikin tawagar ANC a tattaunawar kawo ƙarshen mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata. A wannan lokacin ta kasance mamba a kwamitin tsarin mulki na jam'iyyar.  A cewar Mabandla, ta bi shawarar OR Tambo da muhimmanci wajen ganin an kare hakkin mata da na yara yadda ya kamata a kundin tsarin mulkin bayan mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata.  Ta yi aiki kafaɗa da kafaɗa da ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da kuma ƙungiyar mata ta ANC a wannan matsayi.  A lokaci guda, ta yi aiki a kan bincike a yankunan da ke da alaƙa a Cibiyar Shari'ar Jama'a ta Jami'ar Western Cape.  

## Manazarta