Kungiyar mai amfani ta iska v. EPA

**Utility Air Regulatory Group v.** Hukumar Kare Muhalli, 573 U.S. 302 (2014), ya kasance wani shari'ar Kotun Koli ta Amurka game da ka'idodin Hukumar Kare Muhalli na gurbatar iska a ƙarƙashin Dokar Tsabtace Iska.

A cikin yanke shawara mai raba gardama, Kotun ta amince da ikon EPA na daidaita yawan hayaki.

## Fage
A shekara ta 2007, Kotun Koli ta Amurka ta yanke hukunci a Massachusetts v. EPA cewa Hukumar Kare Muhalli tana da ikon tsara hayaki mai gurbata yanayi idan ta yanke shawarar cewa hayakin na barazana ga lafiyar jama'a. A cikin 2010, EPA ta gabatar da sabbin ka'idoji da aka tsara don sarrafa hayakin carbon dioxide daga motoci masu nauyi da nauyi da kuma janareta da masana'antu da hanyoyin amfani. Haɗin gwiwar kamfanonin samar da wutar lantarki sun ƙalubalanci haƙƙin ƙa'idodin ta hanyar jayayya cewa kimiyyar da EPA ta yi amfani da ita wajen yanke hukunci ba daidai ba ne.

A cikin 2012, alkalai uku na kotun da'ira na D.C. sun yi watsi da waɗannan ƙalubalen. A cikin 2013, Kotun Koli ta Amurka ta karɓi shari'ar don sake dubawa.

## Shawara
Mai shari'a Scalia ya rubuta ra'ayi mafi rinjaye, wanda alkalai Roberts da Kennedy suka shiga gaba daya. Kotun ta yanke hukuncin cewa EPA na iya daidaita hayaki mai gurbata muhalli a kan tashoshin wutar lantarki da sauran manyan wuraren gurbataccen yanayi amma ta zarce ikonta lokacin da ta fara amfani da ka'idoji iri ɗaya akan ƙananan wuraren zama kamar wuraren kasuwanci, gine-gine, da makarantu.

A ra'ayinsa, Scalia ya lura cewa Dokar Tsabtace iska ta ƙulla ƙayyadaddun buƙatu a kan tushen gurɓataccen yanayi wanda ke da yuwuwar fitar da tan 250 a kowace shekara na "kowane gurɓataccen iska" ko ton 100 a kowace shekara don wasu nau'ikan tushe. Bugu da ƙari kuma, harshen “kowane gurɓataccen iska” a cikin wannan sashe na doka yana nufin ƙayyadaddun gurɓataccen iska, ba gurɓataccen iska ba. Lokacin da EPA ta yi ƙoƙarin yin amfani da ma'auni iri ɗaya ga kowane tushen hayaƙin greenhouse, Kotun ta ƙi cewa "zata faɗaɗa waɗancan shirye-shiryen, wanda ba za a iya sarrafa su ba kuma ba za a iya gane su ga Majalisar da ta tsara su ba." Duk da haka, Kotun ta bayyana cewa, "Hukumar ba ta da ikon 'daidaita' dokoki ga manufofin tsarin mulki ta hanyar sake rubuta sharuddan doka marasa ma'ana."

A gefe guda kuma, Kotun ta yanke hukuncin cewa EPA na iya daidaita manyan hanyoyin fitar da hayaki mai gurbata yanayi idan an riga an tsara su don fitar da gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu. Scalia ya rubuta cewa "EPA na iya ... ci gaba da kula da iskar gas a matsayin 'mai gurɓataccen tsari'" a ƙarƙashin tanadi a cikin Dokar.

Mai shari'a Breyer ya rubuta ra'ayi mai ma'ana / rashin yarda, wanda Ginsburg, Sotomayor, da Kagan suka haɗa. Breyer ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a ba da izinin EPA ta fassara "duk wani harshe mai gurɓata iska" a fili don haɗawa da fitar da hayaki kuma: "Ban yarda da Kotun ba cewa hanya daya tilo don guje wa wani sakamako mara kyau ko in ba haka ba wanda ba shi da izini a cikin waɗannan lokuta shine ƙirƙirar iskar gas na zahiri ba tare da kalmar 'kowanne gurɓataccen iska'" ba.

Alito, tare da Thomas, ya rubuta ra'ayi na biyu mai ma'ana da rashin yarda. Sun yi iƙirarin cewa EPA ba za ta iya daidaita manyan hanyoyin da ake fitar da iskar gas ba ta hanyar amfani da waɗannan ƙa'idodin: "An ɓullo da Dokar Tsabtace Tsabtace don amfani da ita wajen daidaita fitar da gurɓataccen gurɓataccen iska kuma ba ta dace da amfani ba game da iskar gas." Dokar ko ba da izini ga hukumomi "babban hankali."

## Manazarta