Najma Heptulla

**Najma Akbar Ali Heptulla** (an haife ta a ranar 13 ga Afrilu 1940) 'yar siyasar Indiya ce. Ta kasance Shugaban Jamia Millia Islamia daga 2017 zuwa 2023, har sai an zabi Mufaddal Saifuddin a matsayin sabon Shugaba a ranar 14 ga Maris 2023. Ta kasance memba na Rajya Sabha sau shida, Babban gidan Majalisa dokokin Indiya, tsakanin 1980 da 2016, kuma Mataimakin Shugaban Rajya Sabha na shekaru goma sha shida (16) lokacin da ta kasance memba na Majalisa. Daga baya an zabe ta a matsayin mataimakiyar shugaban Jam'iyyar Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). A shekarar (2012), kuma ta kasance minista daga shekara ta 2014-2016 a matsayin memba na (BJP) A gwamnatin farko ta Narendra Modi. Daga 2016 zuwa 2021, Ta yi aiki a matsayin Gwamna na 16 na Manipur .

## Rayuwa ta farko da asali
An haifi Najma a matsayin Sayyid Najma bint Yusuf a ranar 13 ga Afrilu 1940 a Bhopal, Jihar Bhopal, a yanzu Madhya Pradesh ga Sayyid Yusuf bin Ali AlHashim da Sayyida Fatima bint Mahmood .  Ita musulma ce ta Dawoodi Bohra Ismaili Shia Gujarat tare da asalin Larabawa, kamar yadda asalin kakanninta ya gano a Yankin Larabawa. Da kuma jihar Gujarat. Ta yi karatunta a Motilal Vigyan Mahavidyalaya (MVM) Bhopal, kuma ta sami M.Sc. da digiri na Ph.D., duka a cikin Zoology (Cardiac Anatomy) Daga Jami'ar Vikram, Ujjain .  

Ta auri Akbar Ali Akhtar Heptulla a shekarar (1966), kuma tana da 'ya'ya mata uku. Mijinta, Akbar Ali Akhtar Heptulla, mai ba da shawara ga ma'aikata, ya taimaka wajen kafa jaridar Patriot a cikin shekarun 1960. Ya mutu a ranar (4) ga Satumba 2007, a New Delhi yana da shekaru (75).

## Ayyuka
Ta ci gaba da hawa a cikin jam'iyyar Indian National Congress, inda ta jagoranci ƙungiyoyi da yawa na ƙungiyoyin jam'iyyar.Ta kasance  babbar Sakataren Majalisa a lokacin (1986) Tare da ƙarin alhakin ayyukan matasa na All India Congress Committee da (NSUI) .  Tun daga shekara ta 1980, ta kasance memba na Rajya Sabha daga Maharashtra na wa'adi huɗu, An zabe ta a 1980, 1986, 1992, 1998 a matsayin 'yar takarar Majalisa. Najma ta kasance Mataimakin Shugaban Rajya Sabha daga Janairu 1985 zuwa Janairu 1986 kuma daga 1988 zuwa Yuli 2004.

Heptulla ya shiga Jam'iyyar Bharatiya Janata a shekara ta (2004).   Majiyoyin watsa labarai sun ba da rahoton cewa ta bar Majalisa a bayyane saboda matsala a dangantakar da ke tsakanin ta da shugaban Majalisa Sonia Gandhi .  Daga baya ta yi zargin cewa Sonia Gandhi da kansa ta kunyata ta. Ta bayyana cewa tana barin jam'iyyar saboda matsalolin da ke tattare da shugabancin jam'iyya. A shekara ta 2007, NDA da BJP ke jagoranta ta gabatar da ita a matsayin dan takara a zaben Mataimakin Shugaban Indiya, wanda Hamid Ansari ya lashe.

Ta kasance memba na Rajya Sabha, tana wakiltar Rajasthan don BJP daga Yuli 2004 zuwa Yuli 2010. BJP ce ta zaba ta don Rajya Sabha a shekarar 2012 daga Madhya Pradesh, kuma ta hau ofishinta a ranar 24 ga Afrilu 2012 a lokacin zabe.  A karkashin Nitin Gadkari a matsayin Shugaban BJP, ta zama daya daga cikin mataimakan shugabanni 13 na BJP a shekarar 2010, inda daga baya lokacin da Rajnath Singh ya hau mulki, An sanya ta memba na zartarwa na kasa. Heptulla ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Ƙananan hukumomi a cikin majalisar Firayim Minista Narendra Modi daga (26) ga Mayu 2014  zuwa 12 ga Yuli 2016.  Ta ce 'yan tsiraru suna buƙatar filin wasa a cikin al'ummar Indiya, Amma ajiya ba shine mafita ba saboda yana kashe ruhun gasa.

Ta yi murabus daga mukamin ta a matsayin minista kuma memba na Rajya Sabha a shekarar (2016) lokacin da aka zabe ta a matsayin Gwamna na Manipur .

An zabi Heptulla don jagorantar Majalisar Indiya don Dangantakar Al'adu, (ICCR) . Ta kuma shugabanci kungiyar mata 'yan majalisa ta Inter-Parliamentary Union a 1993 kuma ta zama shugabar da ta kafa kungiyar 'yan majami'a don ci gaban dan adam a wannan shekarar. An kuma zabe ta a matsayin Shugabar tarayyar Majalisar Dattijai (IPU), kungiyar kasa da kasa da ke Geneva a zaman majalisar na (165) a Berlin a 1999. Ta rike mukamin daga 16 ga Oktoba 1999 zuwa 27 ga Satumba 2002. Daga baya, a shekara ta zaman majalisa na (171)An zabe ta a matsayin Shugaba mai daraja na Majalisar (IPU). Shirin Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ne ya zabi Heptulla a matsayin jakadan ci gaban dan adam. Heptulla ta jagoranci tawagar zuwa Hukumar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Matsayin Mata A shekarar 1997. 

Heptulla ya rubuta littafi game da cutar kanjamau mai taken "AIDS: Approaches to Prevention". Ta kuma rubuta game da tsaron jama'a, ci gaba mai ɗorewa, muhalli, gyare-gyare ga mata da kuma alaƙar da ke tsakanin Indiya da yammacin Asiya.

Heptulla ta fuskanci tuhume-tuhume na canza hoto na (1958) Don nuna ta tare da Maulana Abul Kalam Azad a cikin wani littafi na Majalisar Al'adu ta Indiya (ICCR). An buga hoton mai rikitarwa a cikin wani littafi na ICCR mai taken '(Journey of a legend)' Game Da rayuwar Maulana Azad, Sanannen masanin kimiyya kuma ministan ilimi na farko na kasar. Ya kuma kasance shugaban farko na (ICCR) kuma littafin ya fito ne lokacin da Heptulla ke jagorantar majalisa. Hoton ya zo tare da gabatarwa kuma ya nuna wani matashi Heptulla tare da Maulana. Rubutun ya karanta "Najma Heptulla tare da Maulana Azad bayan kammala karatunta". Wannan ya ba da wasan yayin da binciken hukuma daga baya ya nuna cewa Heptulla ya kammala karatu a watan Mayu 1958, yayin da Maulana ya mutu a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu 1958. Daga baya ICCR ta janye littafin kuma an sake shi amma ba tare da hoton da ya shafi rikici ba. Babban kotun Delhi ta umarci CBI da ta bincika shari'ar a kan wata shari'ar da shugaban kungiyar ma'aikatan ICCR ya gabatar.
## Manazarta