Kostas Karamanlis

**Konstantinos Alexandrou Karamanlis** (Girkanci: ; an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Satumba 1956), wanda aka fi sani da **Kostas Karamanlis**, wanda ake kira [ˈkostas karamanˈlis]), ɗan siyasan Girka ne da ya yi ritaya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Firayim Minista na Girka daga 2004 zuwa 2009. Ya kuma kasance shugaban jam'iyyar New Democracy ta tsakiya, wanda kawunsa Konstantinos Karamanlis ya kafa, daga 1997 zuwa 2009, kuma memba na majalisar dokokin Hellenic daga 1989 zuwa 2023.

An fara zabar Karamanlis a matsayin memba na Majalisar Hellenic don Sabon Dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1989 kuma ya zama shugaban jam'iyyar a shekarar 1997. Bayan ya jagoranci 'yan adawa a majalisar dokokin Hellenic na tsawon shekaru bakwai da kuma cin nasarar da ya samu a zaben 'yan majalisa na 2000, ya yi aiki a matsayin Firayim Minista na 181 na Girka na wa'adi biyu a jere, inda ya lashe Zaben 2004, tare da yawan kuri'un da aka samu a kowane lokaci, kuma a 2007. Koyaya, ya nemi babban zabe a tsakiyar shekara ta 2009, yayin da jam'iyyarsa ta ji daɗin ƙarancin rinjaye a majalisa wanda ba zai iya tabbatar da gwamnati mai ɗorewa da ake buƙata don magance Rikicin kudi na Girka ba, kodayake rahotanni biyu da Hukumar leken asiri ta Kasa ta buga a 2011 sun ba da shawarar makirci da nufin kashe shi da kuma lalata ƙasar Girka. A ƙarshe, an ci Karamanlis kuma ya yi murabus a matsayin shugaban New Democracy bayan shekaru goma sha biyu a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar, yana aiki a siyasa duk da cewa a matsayin memba na majalisa. A ranar 21 ga Fabrairu 2023, an ba da sanarwar cewa ba zai zama dan takarar majalisa ba kuma zai yi ritaya daga siyasa bayan Zaben 2023.

A cikin manufofin kasashen waje, gwamnatinsa ta hana shigar da Arewacin Makidoniya cikin NATO a 2008 saboda takaddamar sunan Makidoniya. Ingantaccen kayan aiki a lokacin firaministansa, gami da nasarar shirye-shiryen Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2004, fadada Metro na Athens da kuma fara gina Metro na Thessaloniki, ya bunkasa shahararsa. Koyaya, bayan rikicin kudi na Girka, wanda ya fara a ƙarshen shugabancinsa, an zargi gwamnatinsa da ci gaba da rashin kula da tattalin arziki, yayin da rashin nuna gaskiya game da shari'o'in cin hanci da rashawa da kuma kudaden jihar an soki su sosai. Duk da kasancewar ya kasance muhimmiyar adadi ga Sabon Dimokuradiyya bayan da aka ci jam'iyyar a zaben 2009, masana kimiyya da jama'a ba su da kyau. Sau da yawa ana daukar shi daya daga cikin firaministan da suka fi muni a tarihin Girka na zamani.

## Ayyukan siyasa
Kostas Karamanlis, dan dan tsohon shugaban Girka Konstantinos Karamanlis ne, an haife shi a Athens kuma ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Athens Law School da kuma a Kwalejin Deree mai zaman kanta, yana ci gaba da karatun digiri na biyu a Makarantar Fletcher na Shari'a da diflomasiyya a Jami'a Tufts (Boston) a Amurka, inda ya sami digiri na biyu da digiri na biyu na biyu a kimiyyar siyasa, alaƙar kasa da kasa da tarihin diflomasiyyar.

Karamanlis ya yi aiki a bangarorin New Democracy da akidar daga 1974 zuwa 1979 kuma daga 1984 zuwa 1989. Shi ne marubucin wani littafi, Eleftherios Venizelos da Harkokin Kasashen Waje na Girka, 1928-32, game da ɗan siyasan Girka Elefthorios Venizeleos .  Ya kuma shirya kuma ya gabatar da wallafe-wallafen tarihi daban-daban.

An zabi Karamanlis a matsayin mataimakin Sabon Dimokuradiyya na Thessaloniki a shekarar 1989, amma a shekarar 2004 an zabe shi a Larissa. An zabe shi shugaban jam'iyya a shekarar 1997 bayan da aka ci New Democracy a zaben 1996. Ya kayar da kungiyar Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) mai mulki a Zaben 2004.

Ya yi aiki a matsayin daya daga cikin Mataimakin Shugaban Jam'iyyar Jama'ar Turai (EPP) tsakanin 1999 da 2006.

Karamanlis shine Firayim Minista na farko na Girka da aka haifa bayan yakin duniya na biyu . Ya auri Natasa Pazaïti a shekarar 1998 yana da 'ya'ya biyu da aka haifa a ranar 13 ga Yuni 2003.

### Firayim Minista
Tare da taimakon rashin amincewar gwamnatin PASOK mai mulki karkashin jagorancin Costas Simitis (jam'iyyar da ta kasance a mulki tsakanin 1981 da 1989 kuma daga 1993 zuwa 2004) ND ta kayar da George Andreas Papandreou na Socialists a shekara ta 2004. 

Karamanlis ya bayyane cewa abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci ga gwamnatinsa sune ilimi, Manufofin tattalin arziki, Manufofin noma, rage yawan rashin aikin yi (yana tsaye a 11.2%) da kuma ingantaccen gwamnati. Manufofin tattalin arziki sun danganta da Rage haraji, karfafa saka hannun jari, keɓancewa, da kuma kawar da tsarin kasuwa. Duk da yake matsalolin farko sun haɗa da babban bashin jama'a (kimanin 112% na GDP) da kuma rashi na kasafin kuɗi (5.3% na GDP) wanda ya wuce ka'idojin kwanciyar hankali na Yurozone, gwamnatin Karamanlis ta raba rabin rashi na ƙasafin kuɗi zuwa 2.6% a shekara ta 2006.

## Manazarta