Gwagwarmayar Hashtags

**Hashtag activism** wata hanya ce ta amfani da hashtags a kafafen sada zumunta domin gudanar da gwagwarmayar zamantakewa da siyasa ta yanar gizo. Wannan fasaha ta baiwa mutane damar bayyana ra'ayoyinsu, yada bayanai, da kuma hada kai wajen tunkarar matsalolin al'umma ta hanyar amfani da kalmomi ko jimloli masu alaƙa da batutuwan zamantakewa, wadanda ake sanya alamar # a gabansu.

## Tarihi

Asalin amfani da hashtag a kafafen sada zumunta ya samo asali ne daga dandalin Twitter a shekarar 2007, lokacin da Chris Messina ya ba da shawarar amfani da alamar # domin rarraba abun ciki bisa ga batutuwa. Duk da cewa Twitter bai amince da wannan shawara ba a farko, daga baya aka fara amfani da hashtag #sandiegofire domin bin diddigin labaran gobara a San Diego. Wannan ya nuna yadda hashtags za su iya taimakawa wajen yada bayanai cikin sauri da sauki.

## Amfani da Hashtag Activism

Hashtag activism ya zama wata hanya mai karfi wajen yada gwagwarmayar zamantakewa, musamman ga kungiyoyi da mutane da ke fuskantar wariya. Ta hanyar amfani da hashtags, mutane suna iya hada kai, yada bayanai, da kuma jan hankalin duniya ga matsalolin da suke fuskanta. Wannan ya hada da batutuwan da suka shafi wariyar launin fata, cin zarafin mata, da kuma 'yancin dan Adam.

## Misalan Hashtag Activism

### #BlackLivesMatter

An fara amfani da hashtag #BlackLivesMatter a shekarar 2013 bayan harbin Trayvon Martin. Wannan ya haifar da wata gagarumar motsi da ke tunkarar cin zarafin da 'yan sanda ke yi wa bakar fata a Amurka. Hashtag din ya taimaka wajen hada kai da kuma shirya zanga-zanga a fadin kasar.

### #BringBackOurGirls

A watan Afrilu na shekarar 2014, kungiyar Boko Haram ta sace dalibai mata 276 daga makarantar sakandare a Chibok, Najeriya. Wannan lamari ya haifar da amfani da hashtag #BringBackOurGirls domin jan hankalin duniya ga wannan mummunan aiki. Shahararrun mutane kamar Michelle Obama da Malala Yousafzai sun yi amfani da wannan hashtag domin nuna goyon baya.

### #MeToo

Hashtag #MeToo ya fara karbuwa a shekarar 2017 bayan da mata da dama suka fara bayyana yadda aka ci zarafinsu ta hanyar jima'i. Wannan motsi ya taimaka wajen tona asirin masu laifi da kuma karfafa mata su bayyana irin cin zarafin da suka fuskanta.

### #SayHerName

An kirkiro hashtag #SayHerName domin jan hankalin jama'a ga cin zarafin da mata bakar fata ke fuskanta daga 'yan sanda a Amurka. Wannan ya hada da lamuran da suka shafi mace kamar Sandra Bland, wadda aka samu gawarta a gidan yari bayan an kama ta.

### #YesAllWomen

Bayan harin da aka kai a Santa Barbara a shekarar 2014, mata da dama sun fara amfani da hashtag #YesAllWomen domin bayyana yadda suke fuskantar cin zarafi da kuma nuna cewa dukkan mata suna fuskantar barazana a rayuwarsu ta yau da kullum.

### #NiUnaMenos

A Latin America, musamman a Argentina, an fara amfani da hashtag #NiUnaMenos domin tunkarar kisan mata da cin zarafinsu. Wannan motsi ya haifar da zanga-zanga da dama da kuma karfafa mata su fadi ra'ayinsu.

### #ShoutYourAbortion

A shekarar 2015, mata da dama sun fara amfani da hashtag #ShoutYourAbortion domin bayyana yadda suka yi zubar da ciki ba tare da jin kunya ba. Wannan ya taimaka wajen rage tsangwama ga mata da suka yi zubar da ciki.

### #IStandWithAhmed

Bayan kama wani yaro dan shekara 14 mai suna Ahmed Mohamed a Texas saboda kawo agogo da aka dauka a matsayin bam, mutane da dama sun fara amfani da hashtag #IStandWithAhmed domin nuna goyon baya ga yaron da kuma tunkarar wariyar launin fata da addini.

## Tasirin Hashtag Activism

Hashtag activism ya taimaka wajen yada bayanai cikin sauri, hada kai tsakanin mutane daga sassa daban-daban na duniya, da kuma jan hankalin duniya ga matsalolin da ake fuskanta. Duk da cewa wasu na ganin wannan hanya ba ta da tasiri sosai, akwai misalai da dama da ke nuna yadda hashtag activism ya taimaka wajen samun sauyi a al'umma.

## Suka da Kalubale

Wasu na ganin cewa hashtag activism ba ya haifar da sauyi mai ma'ana, domin mutane suna iya amfani da hashtags ba tare da daukar matakin da ya dace ba. Wannan ya haifar da kalmar "slacktivism", wadda ke nufin gwagwarmaya ta yanar gizo ba tare da aiki na zahiri ba. Duk da haka, akwai misalai da dama da ke nuna yadda hashtag activism ya taimaka wajen samun sauyi a al'umma.

## Kammalawa

Hashtag activism ya zama wata hanya mai karfi wajen yada gwagwarmayar zamantakewa da siyasa ta yanar gizo. Ta hanyar amfani da hashtags, mutane suna iya hada kai, yada bayanai, da kuma jan hankalin duniya ga matsalolin da suke fuskanta. Duk da kalubalen da ke tattare da wannan hanya, akwai misalai da dama da ke nuna yadda hashtag activism ya taimaka wajen samun sauyi a al'umma.

## Manazarta

## Mahaɗu
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