Adelaide Fries

**Dokta Adelaide Lisetta Fries** (12 Nuwamba 1871-29 Nuwamba 1949) ita ce babbar masanin tarihin da asalin Moravians a kudancin Amurka. Ta ba da gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga fagen a matsayin mai adana bayanai, mai fassara, marubuci da edita.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Fries a Salem (yanzu Winston-Salem), North Carolina, babba na 'ya'ya mata biyu na John William Fries (1846-1927) da Agnes Sophia (de Schweinitz) Fries (1849-1915).  Iyalinta sun kasance sanannun a cikin Cocin Moravian da al'umma, tare da tarihin da ya samo asali daga Nicolaus Zinzendorf, wanda ake kira mahaifin cocin Moravian mai sabuntawa. Fries ya halarci Kwalejin Salem kuma ya kammala a 1888, daga baya ya sami digiri na farko na Arts daga Kwalejin Salam. Ba ta taɓa yin aure ba, kuma ta zauna tare da iyayenta a Winston-Salem har zuwa mutuwarsu. 'Yar'uwarta ita ce Mary Elenor Fries Blair (1873-1966).

A ranar 26 ga Satumba, 1911, Taron Tsofaffi na Lardin Moravian Church a Amurka, Lardin Kudancin, ya nada Fries a matsayin mai adana bayanai na Lardin Kusancin, kuma ya ba ta damar amfani da ɗakin ajiya a Salem a matsayin ajiya da ofisoshi. Rubuce-rubucen daga Arewacin Carolina sun fara ne a cikin 1752. Nan da nan ta fara tattarawa, shirya, fassara da buga rubuce-rubuce, aikin da ya ci gaba har zuwa mutuwarta. Fries ba ta gamsu da cewa ɗakin ajiya ya kasance ajiya mai aminci ba, kuma a cikin shekaru abokai da magoya bayanta sun tara isasshen kuɗi don canza tsohon ofishin *Vorsteher* (manajan kasuwanci) na al'ummar Salem zuwa wurin ajiya mai hana wuta. Tarihin ya koma cikin sabon ginin a 1942.

Ɗaya daga cikin sanannun littattafan Fries shine The Road To Salem (1944), labarin rayuwar Anna Catharina (Antes) Ernst (1726-1816). An rubuta shi a cikin mutum na farko, littafin ya dogara ne akan tarihin rayuwar Ernst da kuma rubuce-rubuce da rubuce-buce da shugabannin Cocin Moravian suka adana a Georgia, Pennsylvania, da North Carolina. Wani sanannen littafi, The *Moravians a Georgia,*, ya shiga yankin jama'a kuma yana samuwa a kan layi. An sake fasalin Forsyth County kuma an sabunta shi a 1949, kuma an sake fasalin da sabuntawa a 1976 a karkashin kulawar J. Edwin Hendricks na Jami'ar Wake Forest.

A lokacin mutuwarta, Fries ta fassara, shirya, da kuma rubuta takardun da iyalai, majami'u, da ɗakunan karatu ke riƙe da su a cikin kundin bakwai The Records of Moravians a Arewacin Carolina . Kullum tana aiki, ta ci gaba da ayyukanta na yau da kullun har zuwa 'yan sa'o'i kafin mutuwarta tana da shekaru 78. 

Don nuna godiya ga aikinta, an ba Fries digiri na girmamawa daga Jami'ar Moravian, kuma ta sami irin wannan digiri daga Kwalejin Wake Forest da Jami'ar North Carolina. Ta kasance shugabar kungiyar Salem College Alumnae Association daga 1905 zuwa 1934, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar wasu kungiyoyi na mata da ayyukan tarihi, gami da Tarihin Tarihi na Arewacin Carolina .

## Littattafai

* *Gundumar Forsyth* (1898) 
* *Tarihin Tarihi na Kwalejin Mata ta Salem* (1902) 
* *Moravians a Georgia, 1735-1740* (1905) 
* *Sanarwar 'Yancin kai ta Mecklenburg kamar yadda aka ambata a cikin Tarihin Wachovia* (1907) 
* Der North Carolina Land Und Colonie Etablissement (1910) 
* *Pflegerin* (1914) 
* *Masu Gina Birnin* (1915) 
* Bikin Farko na Hudu na Yuli (1915) 
* *Rubuce-rubucen Moravians a Arewacin Carolina* (1922-1954): Volume I (1752-1771), 1922; Volume II (1752-1775), 1925; Volume III (1776-1779), 1926; Volume IV (1780-1783), 1930; Volume V (1784-1792), 1941; Volume VI (1793-1808), 1943; Volume VII (1809-1822), 1947; Volume VIII (1823-1837), 1954 (Volume VIII kammala da Douglas LeTell Rights).
* *Cocin Moravian: jiya da yau* (1926) 
* *Takaddun shaida na Arewacin Carolina na lokacin yakin juyin juya hali* (1932) 
* *Wasu Jarumai na Moravian* (1936) 
* *Al'adun Moravian: Gādonmu* (1936) 
* *Lissafi ga Tarihin da aka Fitar a cikin Tarihin Salem Moravian* (1938) 
* *Al'adu da Ayyuka na Ikilisiyar Moravian* (1941) 
* *Registry na Kabari na Friedland Moravian Church* (1941) 
* *Hanyar zuwa Salem* (1944) 
* *Lines masu layi daya A cikin Piedmont North Carolina Quaker da Tarihin Moravian* (1949) 

## Manazarta