Ishak Haji Muhammad

**Ishak Haji Muhammad** (14 Nuwamba 1909 - 7 Nuwamba 1991), wanda aka fi sani da **Pak Sako**, marubuci ne na Malaysia, mai aiki a cikin shekarun 1930 har zuwa 1950. Ya kasance mai kishin ƙasa kuma ya fara shiga kafin samun 'yancin kai kuma ya ci gaba bayan haka. Ya yi yaƙi don ra'ayin haɗin kan Melayu Raya inda Indonesia, Malaysia da Brunei suka haɗa kai a cikin rukuni ɗaya.

Sunan *Pak Sako* ya fito ne daga taken 'Isako-san' wanda Jafananci suka ba shi, wanda shine furcin sunansa a cikin harshen Jafananci. Sauran sunayen Ishak sun hada da *Anwar*, *Hantu Raya* (The Great Ghost), *Isako San* da *Pandir Moden* (The Modern-day Pandir)

## Ƙuruciya
An haifi Ishak a shekara ta 1909 a Kampung Bukit Seguntang, Temerloh, Pahang kuma ya sami karatunsa na farko a Makarantar Malay ta Kg. Tengah, Temer Loh a shekara ta 1919 kuma ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar sakandare ta Clifford, Kuala Lipis daga 1924 zuwa 1928. Ya sami takardar shaidarsa ta ilimi daga makarantar Raub English a shekarar 1929.  A shekarar 1930, ya tafi Kwalejin Malay Kuala Kangsar (MCKK) don horar da shi a matsayin jami'in Ma'aikatan Malayan. Ya rike mukamai a matsayin Mataimakin Mataimakin Jami'in Gundumar, Majalisa na Class III da kuma malamin harshe kafin ya shiga fagen wallafe-wallafen. Ya halarci Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Malayan a shekara ta 1941 kafin mamayar Malaya ta Japan kuma ya zama memba na kwamitin tsakiya na MCP tare da Rashid Maidin, Ahmad Boestamam da Abdullah CD a Perak .

## Rubuce-rubuce da siyasa
Ishak ya gaji da aikinsa a matsayin mai gudanarwa na Burtaniya kuma ya sami rayuwar ma'aikacin gwamnati na Burtaniya cike da yaudara, favouritism kuma babu sha'awar adana bukatun Malays waɗanda aka ce Burtaniya ta ba su kariya. A shekara ta 1934, ya yi murabus daga Ma'aikatar Jama'a ta Malayan kuma ya yi tafiya a yankin Malaya. Daga baya ya mai da hankali kan wallafe-wallafen kasa da siyasa. An ɗaure shi sau biyu (1948-1953; 1965-1966).

## Manzo na Malay
Ishak shine na farko da ra'ayin buga jaridar Utusan Melayu (The Malay Post) kuma daga baya ya zama wanda ya kafa littafin. Ya bar Warta Malaya (Malayan Times) kuma ya yi tafiya zuwa Pahang, Kelantan da Terengganu don kamfen don kafa Utusan Melayu Press. Ya yi aiki a jaridar a karkashin Abdul Rahim Kajai a matsayin edita. A lokacin da Japan ta mamaye Malaya, ya zama editan *Berita Malai* (Malayan News).

Ya ci gaba da zama a Hulu Langat duk da cewa ya yi aiki a Kuala Lumpur. Zai ɗauki sufuri na jama'a zuwa ofis. Na ɗan lokaci, yana da Fiat lokacin da yake aiki a Rembau, amma bai yi tuki ba kuma dole ne ya hayar direba.

## Littattafai
Ishak ya samar da litattafai da yawa, gajerun labaru, litattafan rubutu da kuma rubuce-rubuce don jaridu na Utusan Melayu Group. National Library of Malaysia yana da, a cikin tarin su, fiye da 1,000 kofe na aikinsa na wallafe-wallafen.

Ayyukansa guda biyu da aka fi sani da su sune *Putera Gunung Tahan* (The Prince of Mount Tahan) da *Anak Mat Lela Gila* (The Son of Crazy Mat Lela), wanda ya nuna ra'ayoyinsa da burinsa a matsayin mai kishin kasa da marubuci. Su ne litattafan satire da aka yi wa Birtaniya kuma sun kasance masu sukar Birtaniya. Ishak ya sanya muhimmancin al'adun Malay a cikin rubuce-rubucensa kuma ya ɗaukaka al'adun Malaysia ta hanyar kwatanta shi da al'adun Ingilishi wanda aka ce ba shi da inganci kuma yana da tsananin tashin hankali. Ya kuma kasance mai aiki a rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari.

Da ke ƙasa akwai samfurin sauran ayyukansa:

# *Budak scholarship* (Trishaw Boy). Marang: Mohamad bin A. Rahman, 1957
# *Judi* karan (The Electric Bet). Singapore: Geliga, 1958
# *Pengantin baru* (Sabon ma'aurata). Singapore: Geliga

A cikin shekarunsa na baya, an fi saninsa a matsayin marubuci a cikin Utusan Malaysia da *Gila-Gila* (mujallar satire ta gida).

## Kyaututtuka
A matsayin haraji ga gudummawar da ya bayar, Jami'ar Malaya ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Doctorate of Literature a ranar 29 ga Yuni 1973.  A ranar 29 ga Mayu 1976, Ishaak ta karbi kyautar *Pejuang Sastera* (Literary Exponent) daga Firayim Minista.

## Mutuwa
Ya mutu a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba 1991 da karfe 5.40 na safe a gidansa a Kampung Bukit Raya, a Hulu Langat, Selangor . An binne shi a ƙauyen yarinta a Temerloh, bayan addu'o'in Jumma'a, kusa da kaburbura na iyayensa, bisa ga sha'awarsa. An kwantar da shi a asibitin Tawakal a ranar 18 ga Oktoba bayan ya sha wahala daga bugun jini, kuma ya bar asibitin makonni biyu kafin ya mutu. A farkon shekarar, ya sake fama da bugun jini kuma an kwantar da shi a Babban Asibitin Kuala Lumpur a ranar 22 ga Yuli. Wannan hari ya bar gefen dama ya gurgunta.

A matsayin haraji, UMNO ta ba da gudummawar RM16,874.15 ga iyalinsa a ƙarshen Babban Taronta a wannan shekarar. RM10,000 ya fito ne daga hedkwatar UMNO yayin da sauran suka ba da gudummawa daga wakilan ta yayin taron. Firayim Minista, Datuk Seri Dr. Mahathir Mohamad ne ya gabatar da shi ga Babban Ministan Pahang, Tan Sri Khalil Yaacob don a ba iyalinsa.

## Kyauta
An sanya masa suna da wurare da yawa, ciki har da:

* Jalan Pak Sako, Temerloh, Pahang
* Kolej Pak Sako, Universiti Industri Selangor (UNISEL), Bestari Jaya, Selangor
* Akademi Pak Sako, Jalan Telawi, Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur

## Bayani

## Manazarta

* Harry Aveling, trans., Ishak Haji Muhammad: Yarima na Dutsen Tahan, Singapore: Littattafan Ilimi na Heinemann, (Asia), 1980.
* Harry Aveling, trans., Ishak Haji Muhammad: Ɗan Mat Lela, Singapore: Littattafan Tarayya, 1983.
* Ishak Haji Muhammad, "Ilham Men Lati Putera Gunung Tahan", Dewan Sastera, 23 ga Afrilu 1976.

## Haɗin waje

* Laburaren Sojojin Malaysia