Henry Ernest Boote

**Henry Ernest Boote** (1865 - 1949) fitaccen edita ne, ɗan jarida, mai yada farfaganda, mawaƙi, kuma marubuci mai tasiri a ƙasar Australiya. Ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan kasuwa kuma ɗan gurguzu wanda rubuce-rubucensa suka goyi baya kuma suka yi ƙoƙarin yin tasiri ga ƙungiyar kwadago ta Australiya da kuma Jam'iyyar Labour ta Australiya. Baya ga sharhinsa na siyasa da zamantakewa a cikin kasidu da ƙasidu, rubuce-rubucensa sun haɗa da littattafai na siyasa da na misali, muƙaloli da kuma wasu ayoyi da dama. Falsafar siyasa ta Boote ta kasance mai tsauri amma an auna ta, tana neman daidaita manufofin gurguzu da gaskiyar siyasa ta Australiya.

Boote ya yi ƙaura zuwa Ostiraliya daga Ingila a shekarar 1889 kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mawallafi a Brisbane. Daga 1894 ya yi aiki a matsayin editan jaridu da dama na yanki da ke da alaƙa da ƙungiyar ma'aikata ta Queensland. Ya gyara jaridar The Worker ta Brisbane daga 1902. A shekarar 1911 Boote ya koma Sydney ya shiga ma'aikatan The Australian Worker, mallakar kuma ke gudanar da ita ta ƙungiyar ma'aikatan Australiya (AWU). An naɗa shi edita a 1914 kuma ya ci gaba da wannan matsayi har zuwa lokacin da ya yi ritaya a 1943.

## Tarihin Rayuwa

### Shekarun farko
An haifi Henry Ernest Boote a ranar 20 ga Mayu, 1865 a Liverpool da ke Merseyside, arewa maso yammacin Ingila, babban ɗansa na cikin 'ya'ya shida na Joseph Henry Boote da matarsa Elizabeth ( *née* Jolley). Mahaifinsa ya fara kasuwanci a matsayin mai ba da agaji bayan ya bar aikin soja, tare da taimakon kuɗi daga uban gidansa. Daga baya Henry ya rubuta cewa daga ƙarshe kasuwancin ya lalace saboda "dabi'unsa na jin daɗi".   Ya yi karatu a Makarantar Jama'a ta Liverpool. 

#### ''Ma'aikacin'' Brisbane

A ranar 25 ga Janairun 1902, Boote ya maye gurbin Francis Kenna na ɗan lokaci a matsayin editan jaridar *The Worker* ta Brisbane. Kenna ta shafe shekaru biyu da rabi a wannan matsayi, amma ta yi murabus don tsayawa takarar zaɓen Bowen a babban zaɓen Queensland na Maris 1902.  An tabbatar da naɗin Boote a matsayin editan Brisbane *Worker* a watan Janairun 1903. 

### ''Ma'aikacin Ostiraliya''
A watan Afrilun 1911, Boote ya shiga ma'aikatan jaridar *[[Ma'aikacin Australiya|The Worker]]* da ke Sydney, a matsayin jagora kuma marubucin fina-finai.  A watan Nuwamban 1913, an canza babban shafin jaridar daga *The Worker* zuwa *The Australian Worker*.  An nada Boote a matsayin edita a watan Mayun 1914 kuma ya ci gaba da kasancewa a matsayin har zuwa 1943. 

A Sydney, Boote ya zauna tare da 'yar jarida kuma marubuciya' *yar Australian Worker*, Mary Ellen Lloyd. Ma'auratan sun koma gida a Rose Bay. 

A lokacin barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya a watan Yulin 1914, an sami goyon bayan siyasa sosai ga Birtaniya da Daular, tare da wasu rikice-rikice a cikin ƙungiyar ma'aikata.  Ganin cewa *Jaridar The Bulletin* ta rungumi ra'ayin mazan jiya kuma ta goyi bayan yaƙin (da kuma tilasta wa sojoji shiga soja a shekarun baya), *Jaridar The Australian Worker* ta kasance mafi tsattsauran ra'ayi a cikin jaridu a duk faɗin Ostiraliya.  Yayin da yaƙin ke ci gaba, Boote ya yi yaƙi da cin riba a lokacin yaƙi a shafukan *The Worker*, wanda zane-zanen Claude Marquet suka goyi baya kan batun. Rahotannin da suka fi yawa daga Yammacin Duniya sun fara rage sha'awar yaƙin a cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. A tsakiyar 1916, tare da raguwar shigar masu sa kai, Firayim Ministan Labour Billy Hughes ya yanke shawarar cewa tilasta wa sojoji shiga soja ita ce kawai zaɓin da ya dace don samar da sojojin da za su maye gurbin sojojin da ake buƙata don yaƙin Birtaniya, duk da rarrabuwar kawuna masu yawa kan lamarin a cikin Jam'iyyar Labour ta Ostiraliya . Maganinsa shi ne ya yi ƙuri'ar jama'a kan wannan tambaya, a cikin wani taron jama'a na ƙasa da ƙasa da za a gudanar a ranar 28 ga Oktoba 1916.

Boote ya kasance amintaccen ƙungiyar ma'aikatan Australiya (AWU).  A shekara ta 1927, an naɗa Boote a matsayin amintaccen ɗakin karatu na jama'a na New South Wales.  A watan Nuwamba na 1933, 'The Worker' Trustees' sun buga wani zaɓi na waƙoƙin Boote, tare da yawancin waƙoƙin da aka zana da zane-zanen alkalami na Boote.  An ce game da rubutun Boote da waƙoƙinsa cewa "suna ɗauke da sha'awar siyasa". 

## Manazarta