Howard Stern

**Howard Allan Stern** (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Janairu, 1954)  ɗan jarida ne kuma ɗan jarida ɗan Amurka. Ya fi shahara da shirin rediyonsa, *The Howard Stern Show*, wanda ya shahara lokacin da aka watsa shi a faɗin ƙasar ta hanyar rediyo daga 1986 zuwa 2005. Ya yi yaɗa shirye-shirye a SiriusXM tun daga 2006.

Stern ya fara aikin rediyo a lokacin da yake Jami'ar Boston . Daga 1976 zuwa 1982, ya haɓaka halayensa na rediyo ta hanyar ayyukan safe a WRNW a Briarcliff Manor, New York ; WCCC a Hartford, Connecticut ; WWWW a Detroit, Michigan ; da WWDC a Washington, DC. Ya yi aiki da rana a WNBC a birnin New York daga 1982 har zuwa lokacin da aka kore shi a 1985. A 1985, ya fara aiki na tsawon shekaru 20 a WXRK a birnin New York; shirinsa na safe ya shiga cikin tsarin watsa shirye-shirye a 1986 kuma ya kasance a kasuwanni 60 kuma ya jawo hankalin masu sauraro miliyan 20 a lokacin da ya fi kololuwa. Daga 2012 zuwa 2015, ya yi aiki a matsayin alkali a kan *American's Got Talent* .

Stern ya lashe kyaututtuka da dama na masana'antu, ciki har da Billboard ' Nationally Syndicated Air Personality of the Year sau takwas a jere, kuma shi ne na farko da ya sami lambar yabo ta farko a shirin safe a birnin New York da Los Angeles a lokaci guda. Ya zama mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen rediyo mafi cin tara lokacin da Hukumar Sadarwa ta Tarayya ta yanke hukuncin tara da jimillar dala miliyan 2.5 ga masu gidajen rediyo saboda abubuwan da ta dauka ba su da kyau. Stern ya zama daya daga cikin fitattun mutane a rediyo bayan ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyar da Sirius a shekarar 2004 wanda ya kai dala miliyan 500.

Stern ya bayyana kansa a matsayin "Sarkin Duk Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai" tun daga shekarar 1992 saboda nasarorin da ya samu a wajen rediyo. Ya shirya kuma ya shirya shirye-shiryen talabijin da dama da aka yi a daren, abubuwan da suka shafi biyan kuɗi, da kuma bidiyon gida . Littattafansa biyu, *Private Parts* (1993) da *Miss America* (1995), sun shiga jerin Fitattun Masu Sayarwa  a matsayi na ɗaya kuma sun sayar da kwafi sama da miliyan ɗaya. An yi fim ɗin barkwanci na tarihin rayuwa a shekarar 1997 wanda Stern da ma'aikatan shirin rediyonsa suka yi fice a matsayin kansu. Ya hau kan gaba a ofishin talla na Amurka a makon farko na fim ɗin kuma ya sami dala $41.2.&nbsp;miliyan a cikin gida. Stern ya yi wasa a kan waƙoƙin sa, wanda ya nuna jerin  200 a lamba ɗaya kuma an ba shi takardar shaidar platinum don sayar da kwafi miliyan ɗaya. An fitar da littafin Stern na uku, *Howard Stern Comes Again*, a shekarar 2019.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Howard Allan Stern a ranar 12 ga Janairu, 1954, ɗa na biyu ga Ben (1923–2022) da Ray ( *née* Schiffman) Stern (wanda aka haifa a 1927), a unguwar Jackson Heights da ke Queens a birnin New York.  Iyayen Stern Yahudawa ne. Iyalansu sun fito ne daga Poland da Austria-Hungary .  Ray ma'aikacin ofis ne a birnin New York   kafin ta zama mai kula da gida sannan daga baya ta fara aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan numfashi .  Ben ya yi aiki a rundunar sojojin Amurka a Long Island da California a lokacin yaƙin. &#x5B; ** &#x5D; Daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin injiniyan rediyo a WHOM da ke Manhattan  da kuma a matsayin abokin tarayya kuma mai gudanarwa a Aura Recording Inc., wani ɗakin rikodi na Manhattan inda aka yanke zane-zane da tallace-tallace.  Stern ya bayyana babbar 'yar'uwarsa Ellen a matsayin "akasin" kansa kuma "mai shiru sosai." 

A shekarar 1955, iyalin sun ƙaura zuwa Roosevelt, New York, a Long Island,  inda Stern ya halarci Makarantar Firamare ta Washington-Rose sannan Roosevelt Junior-Senior High School ya biyo baya.  Stern ya halarci makarantar Hebrew inda aka ba shi suna Tzvi.  A lokacin da yake ƙarami, Stern ya ɗauki shekaru biyar na darussan piano  kuma ya fara sha'awar waƙoƙin marionettes, yana amfani da su don nishadantar da abokansa da wasannin kwaikwayo na musamman. Ya kafa ƙungiyar mawaƙa tare da abokansa biyu na makaranta, Electric Comicbook, a kan waƙoƙi da madannai.  Tun daga shekara tara zuwa shekara ta biyu a jami'a, Stern ya yi lokacin bazara a Camp Wel-Met, wani sansanin matasa a Narrowsburg, New York inda ya yi aiki a sansanin matasa, kicin, da kuma ayyukan ba da shawara. Ya tuna lokacin da yake can a matsayin "mafi kyawun gogewa." 

Stern yana son ya kasance a rediyo yana da shekaru biyar.  Bai cika jin daɗin sauraro ba a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, amma sunaye suna magana ne game da halayen Bob Grant da Brad Crandall a matsayin waɗanda suka yi tasiri a farkon rayuwarsa.   Mahaifinsa ya kafa makirufo, na'urar tef, da kuma na'urar juyawa a cikin ginshiki na gidansa, wanda Stern ya yi amfani da shi don yin rikodin shirye-shiryen rediyo nasa na gaske, wanda ya haɗa da haruffa daban-daban da kuma kiran barkwanci da aka riga aka yi rikodi, zane-zane, da tallace-tallace.  Ya ziyarci ɗakin rikodi na mahaifinsa sau da yawa kuma ya shaida "wasu daga cikin manyan mutane masu murya" suna aiki tare da shi, ciki har da Don Adams da muryar Larry Storch *Tennessee Tuxedo da His Tales*, wanda ya fara sha'awarsa ta kasancewa a talabijin da "yin wasan kwaikwayo", maimakon yin rikodin.   

A ƙarshen shekarun 1960, Roosevelt ya zama yanki mafi yawan baƙi; Stern ya tuna cewa "ƙananan yara fararen fata" ne kawai suka rage a makarantarsa da kuma lokutan cin zarafi daga ɗaliban baƙar fata.  A watan Yunin 1969, iyalin sun ƙaura zuwa Cibiyar Rockville da ke kusa, kuma Stern, yana da shekaru 15, ya koma Makarantar Sakandare ta South Side inda ya zama "mai son kai gaba ɗaya."  Ya kammala karatunsa daga makarantar a 1972;  littafinsa na shekara ya lissafa ayyukan ɗaliban Stern guda ɗaya, memba na Key Club . 

A shekarar 1972, Stern ya ƙi samun gurbin karatu a Kwalejin Elmira don neman digirin sadarwa a Jami'ar Boston,  amma matsakaicin maki a makarantar sakandare ya sa ya shafe shekaru biyu na farko a Kwalejin Nazarin Asali.  A shekararsa ta biyu, ya fara aiki a tashar rediyo ta harabar jami'ar WTBU, inda ya buga rikodin, ya karanta labarai, kuma ya shirya shirye-shiryen hira.  Tare da abokan karatunsa uku, daga baya ya haɗu da wani shirin barkwanci na mako-mako mai suna *The King Schmaltz Bagel Hour*, wanda aka soke shi da farko a lokacin watsa shirye-shiryensa na farko don wani zane-zane na launin fata mai suna "Godzilla Goes to Harlem".  Stern ya sha wiwi, Quaaludes, da LSD a lokacin karatunsa, amma ya daina bayan ya fuskanci tafiya mai wahala akan LSD da yawa. 

A shekarar 1974, ya sami shiga Makarantar Sadarwar Jama'a ta jami'ar.  Daga nan ya yi karatun difloma a Cibiyar Injiniyan Rediyo ta Fredericksburg, Virginia, a watan Yulin 1975, wanda ya ba shi lasisin aiki da wayar tarho ta rediyo mai daraja ta farko, takardar shaidar da ake buƙata ga duk masu watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo a lokacin, wanda Hukumar Sadarwa ta Tarayya ta bayar.   Da lasisin, Stern ya sami aikin rediyo na farko na ƙwararru a WNTN da ke Newton, Massachusetts daga Agusta zuwa Disamba na 1975 yana yin aikin watsa labarai, watsa labarai, da kuma aikin samarwa.  Tsawon watanni biyar masu zuwa, ya koyar da ɗalibai kayan lantarki na asali don shirya jarabawar FCC ta kansu. 

A watan Mayun 1976, Stern ya kammala karatunsa *na magna cum laude* da matsakaicin maki 3.8. Babban karatunsa shine watsa shirye-shirye da fina-finai, kuma ƙaramin karatunsa shine Turanci da magana.  Ya ba da tallafin karatu a jami'a. 

## Sana'a

### 1976–1981: WRNW, WCCC, da WWWW
A cikin neman aikin rediyo bayan kammala karatunsa, Stern ya karɓi tayin yin aiki da yamma a WRNW, wani tashar rock mai ci gaba a Briarcliff Manor, New York.  Bai san hazakarsa ba kuma ya yi tambaya game da makomarsa a matsayin ƙwararre a masana'antar, yana rubuta "Na tsorata. Na ji tsoro sosai cewa ban isa ba".  Stern ya karɓi aikin talla a Benton &amp;amp; Bowles, wata hukumar talla ta New York, wadda ba da daɗewa ba ya "murmurewa ba tare da bayar da sanarwa ba" don neman matsayi a sashen ƙirƙira. Ya ɗauki awanni uku kafin a kore shi "saboda sashen ma'aikatansu ya fahimci cewa ni ne mutumin da ya daina aiki".  Stern ya yi aiki a Queens a matsayin mai sayar da rediyo yana sayar da lokacin talla ba tare da wani babban nasara ba. Ya rubuta, "Ba zato ba tsammani&nbsp;... Na fahimci na ƙi aiki a rediyo". Tare da ƙarfafa gwiwa daga mahaifiyarsa da budurwarsa, Stern ya tuntuɓi WRNW don neman aiki kuma ya yarda ya ɗauki aikin rufewa a lokacin hutun Kirsimeti a 1976.   Saboda amincinsa da kuma tsarin aikinsa na ƙwararru, darektan tashar ya ɗauki Stern aiki na cikakken lokaci don aikin sa'o'i huɗu na tsakar rana na tsawon kwanaki shida a mako, akan $96 a mako.  Bayan watanni da yawa, Stern ya zama darektan samarwa na tashar, wanda ya daɗe har zuwa Nuwamba 1977 lokacin da ya zama darektan shirye-shiryenta don ƙarin albashi na $250 a mako.   Don adana kuɗi, Stern ya yi hayar ɗaki a wani gidan sufi a Armonk, New York. 

Douglas ya sami aikin Stern na gaba, yana ɗaukar nauyin shirya wasannin safe a tashar wasan kwaikwayo ta WWDC da ke Washington, DC Stern ya yi taka tsantsan game da tayin da farko domin babban manajan "bai san abin da na yi ba," amma ya karɓi tayin ya fara a ranar 2 ga Maris, 1981.  A lokacin da yake ƙaura daga Detroit, Stern ya shafe makonni da dama yana tsara wani sabon shiri, yana da niyyar ƙara samun nasara yayin da tashar ta ba shi dama mai kyau ta yin aiki a birnin New York, burin aikinsa. Ya ƙuduri aniyar "kashe abokan hamayyata. Zan faɗi duk abin da zan faɗa.&nbsp;... Mataki na farko shine haɗa ƙungiyarmu wuri ɗaya". Ya nemi abokin aiki mai jin daɗin barkwanci don yin tsokaci kan labarai da abubuwan da ke faruwa a yanzu.  Daga nan sai tashar ta haɗa Stern da Robin Quivers, tsohuwar ma'aikaciyar jinya a rundunar sojin sama kuma mai ba da rahoto a WFBR a Baltimore .  An aika wa Quivers faifan bidiyo na Stern yana yin hira da wata karuwa a talabijin, kuma ta karɓi aikin ba tare da ta haɗu da shi ba. Ta yi tsammanin za ta "shiga ta yi labarai"&nbsp;... amma ba haka ba ne".  Duk da matsaloli da dama da shugabannin suka fuskanta game da abubuwan da ke ciki, wanda ya haifar da jinkirin daƙiƙa bakwai don tantance lokutan da ake shakku a kansu,  Stern "ya ci gaba da yin watsi da tsarin gudanarwa na da, kuma muka fara tattara shirin da na yi tsammani", wanda ya haɗa da ƙara Norris a matsayin marubuci kuma furodusa. A wani lamari, Stern ya bayyana ɓacin ran matarsa a talabijin. A watan Janairun 1982, Stern ya yi wani shiri na safe na biyu mafi girma a birnin.