Keyvan Rafiee

**Keyvan Rafiee** (Persian) ɗan gwagwarmayar siyasa ce ta Iran .   Tsohon fursuna ne na lamiri, kuma an kama shi har sau shida saboda ayyukansa da ya fara a 2003. Yana daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa kungiyar kare hakkin bil'adama a Iran (HRAI).

## Ayyuka da tsare-tsare
Ma'aikatar leken asiri da tsaro (MOIS) ce ta fara kama Keyvan Rafiee saboda nuna rashin amincewa da tsarin zaben majalisar kwararru a birnin Gorgan na lardin Golestan saboda abin da ake kyautata zaton yana nuna kokwanto kan ikon wakilin shugaban kasar da kuma shugaban jami'ar Azad. An tsare shi na tsawon kwanaki 13, bayan an sake shi, an hana shi damar komawa jami’a ya ci gaba da karatunsa. 

Rafiee ya ci gaba da ayyukansa kuma a cikin 2004 an kama shi a lokacin bikin tunawa da zanga-zangar dalibai a ranar 9 ga Yuli; har tsawon wata guda ana tsare da shi a gidan yari na wucin gadi, ward 209 na MOIS a kurkukun Evin da kuma kafin a sake shi kan beli. An sake kama Rafiee a ranar 23 ga watan Mayun shekarar 2005, kasa da shekara guda, bayan da aka tuhume shi da laifukan da suka shafi kauracewa zaben shugaban kasa karo na tara, lokacin da ake takaddama a kai ya kawo Mahmood Ahmadinejad kan karagar mulki a karo na farko. Ya shafe mafi yawan tsare shi a gidan yari, sannan aka tsare shi a unguwar 209 na MOIS a gidan yarin Evin, a karshe dai an sake shi a beli har zuwa lokacin da za a yi masa shari'a. A karshe dai zargin ya kai ga daurin shekara guda a gidan yari wanda daga nan aka dakatar da shi na tsawon shekaru uku. 

A karo na hudu, an kama Rafiee a gaban jami'ar Tehran a ranar tunawa da ranar 7 ga Disamba (ranar dalibai ta kasa) kwanaki kadan bayan sakin; a wannan karon an tsare shi na wani dan lokaci kadan kuma an bayar da belinsa a daren.

A cikin 2006, Rafiee ya kafa masu fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama a Iran tare da Jamal Hosseini da Mahdi Khodaei. Sai dai bayan 'yan watanni da kafa wannan kungiya, a ranar 1 ga watan Mayu ne jami'an tsaro suka kama shi a lokacin da yake gudanar da zanga-zanga a tsakanin ma'aikatan kungiyar direbobin motocin Tehran a ranar ma'aikata ta duniya; Jami’an ‘yan sanda sun yi masa dukan tsiya a lokacin da aka kama shi amma daga baya aka sake shi saboda ya yi amfani da suna. An yi rikodin kama Rafiee na ƙarshe a ranar 9 ga Yuli, 2006, saboda sabuwar manufar MOIS don kama mutanen da ke da bayanan tsare kuma a ƙarƙashin hujjar rigakafin aikata laifuka ba tare da gabatar da wani takamaiman zargi ba; tunda ma'aikatar ta damu da masu fafutuka da suke shiryawa tare da shiga zanga-zangar a gaban jami'ar Tehran. Daga nan aka mayar da shi unguwar 209 na gidan yarin Evin duk da cewa ba a tuhume shi da wani laifi ba inda ya shafe kwanaki 183 a gidan yari.

Bayan wannan lokacin an canza shi zuwa gidan yari na budewa da sauran ward na Evin Prison. Bayan watanni 15, wannan mai fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama, wanda aka tuhume shi da aikata laifukan da suka shafi tsaron kasa, ya gurfana a gaban kuliya, kuma alkali Abolqasem Salavati ya yanke masa hukunci; la'akari da lokacin da ya riga ya yi a gidan yari, daga karshe aka sake shi a ranar 22 ga Disamba, 2007. Bayan samun 'yancinsa kuma yayin da aka sake sammace shi zuwa kotun juyin juya hali, ya bar Iran ya nemi mafakar siyasa a Amurka.

## Ayyuka a cikin 'yan gwagwarmayar kare hakkin dan adam a Iran (HRAI)
Keyvan Rafiee yana daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa kungiyar kare hakkin bil'adama a Iran (HRAI) tare da Jamal Hosseini da Mahdi Khodaei. A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, [yaushe?] ya ɗauki ayyuka daban-daban a HRAI, gami da Kakakin da darakta, yana ɗaukar ayyuka daban-daban a wannan ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam. Rafiee shine marubucin kasidu da littattafai da dama, gami da kamar haka:

* Labari - "Binciken Bincike akan Rahoton da Ahmed Shahid, Mai ba da rahoto game da 'yancin dan adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya" - wanda aka buga a Peace Mark Monthly - 2011
* Jerin shekara-shekara na fursunonin siyasa na Iran - daga 2009 zuwa 2014
* Littafin da ake kira "Behind the Curtains of Social Welfare" - 2009
* Littafin da ake kira "An Autopsy of Human Rights" a kan ilimin haƙƙin ɗan adam - 2008
* Littafin Bincike mai taken "Daga Kurkuku zuwa Kurkuku" game da tsaro da kurkuku na sirri a Iran - 2008
* Littafin da ake kira "The Nest of Corruption" game da cin hanci da rashawa a cikin kurkuku na Iran - 2008

Bugu da kari, Rafiee ya kulla alaka da kungiyoyi daban-daban kuma ya ba da rahoto kan batutuwa da dama da suka shafi tsirarun kabilu da addinai na Iran, ma'aikata, kungiyoyin kwadago, da masu fafutuka na siyasa. Ya horar da ma'aikata, ya rubuta cikakkun rahotanni da labarai, ya kafa kwamitin adawa da takunkumi, kafa shafukan yanar gizo na harsuna biyu (Farisiya da Ingilishi), ya kafa haɗin gwiwa tare da sauran kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da na kare hakkin bil'adama a duniya, ya kafa Peace Mark, bugu na wata-wata da aka sadaukar don haƙƙin ɗan adam da bincike na siyasa, kafa da gudanar da nazarin ƙididdiga na shekara-shekara na cin zarafin bil'adama a Iran, da manyan kungiyoyi ke amfani da su a cikin Iran. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, Majalisar Dokokin Amurka, da sauran kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu don wayar da kan jama'a game da take hakkin dan Adam a Iran.

## Hare-haren da kungiyar tsaron juyin juya halin Musulunci (IRGC)
Yayin da tasirin rahoton haƙƙin ɗan adam da rahoton haƙƙin ɗan adam ya bayyana kuma ayyukan HRAI suka zama sananne, Rafiee ya zama abin hari ga Sashen Leken Asirin na IRGC wanda ya nemi yin irin waɗannan ayyuka da tsada ta hanyar lalata suna da rayuwar membobin HRAI. 

A lokacin boren jama'a, bayan zaben shugaban kasa da aka yi ta cece-kuce a shekara ta 2009, HRAI ta kasance a tsakiya wajen tattarawa da bayar da rahotanni masu muhimmanci kan cin zarafin bil'adama da ake yi a Iran. Sashin leken asiri na IRGC na watsa bidiyo da farfaganda, don kokarin tabbatar da cewa kungiyar na da alaka da kungiyoyin ‘yan adawa da juyin juya hali da kuma dakarun waje, wanda kungiyar da Rafiee suka sha musantawa, tare da tabbatar da cewa ba ta siyasa ba ce.

## Dubi kuma

* Masu gwagwarmayar kare hakkin dan adam a Iran

## Bayanan da aka ambata