Tsayar da Mark Bernstein

A ranar 11 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, ma'aikatan GUBOPiK sun tsare Mark Izrelevich Bernstein, wani dan kasar Belarus mai rubutun ra'ayin yanar gizo kuma mai ba da gudummawa ga Wikipedia na Rasha da ke zaune a Minsk, bayan zargin kan layi na keta Dokokin tantancewar yaki na Rasha na 2022 don gyara labaran Wikipedia kan batun mamayar Rasha a Ukraine. An yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin kwanaki 15 a ƙarƙashin Mataki na 24.3 na Dokar Gudanarwa ta Belarus (don rashin biyayya ga jami'an 'yan sanda).   Bayan wannan lokacin, an tsare shi; a ranar 24 ga Yuni 2022 an yanke masa hukuncin shekaru uku na ƙuntataccen 'yanci kuma an sake shi daga tsare.

## Tarihi

Bernstein ya shirya Wikipedia a ƙarƙashin sunan mai amfani Pessimist2006 .  Daga ƙarshen 2009  zuwa farkon 2022,  Bernstein na ɗaya daga cikin masu gyara 50 mafi ƙwazo na Wikipedia na Rasha, tare da gyare-gyare sama da 200,000.  Sauran masu wallafa encyclopedia sun ba shi izini don rubuta labarai. Ya bayyana nasarorin da ya samu a Wikipedia a shekara ta 2009 a matsayin aikinsa a kan wani labarin kan tantancewa a Tarayyar Soviet, inda ya ambaci kimanin tushe 250. A lokacin ne kuma Deutsche Welle ya yi masa tambayoyi game da kwarewarsa wajen yin sharhi game da ci gaban aikin Wikipedia na yaren Belarus, wanda ya wanzu a cikin nau'ikan nahawu guda biyu, Taraškievica da Narkamaŭka. Bernstein ya shawarci sabbin editocin Wikipedia da su fara koyo daga tsarin gyare-gyare na ƙwararrun editoci, da kuma shirya don aiki tare da editocin da ke riƙe da ra'ayoyi daban-daban kuma sau da yawa suna adawa, wanda ya gani a matsayin mabuɗin ci gaban labaran Wikipedia.

## Kamawa da tsare
Lokacin da wasu editocin Wikipedia na Rasha suka yi iƙirarin cewa sunan "Rasha mamaye Ukraine (2022) " ya saba wa manufofin Wikipedia na gabatar da bayanai daga ra'ayi mai tsaka-tsaki, Bernstein ya ce, "Sojojin Rasha sun mamaye yankin Ukraine. Gaskiya ce kawai, ba ra'ayi ba". A ranar 10 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, wani taron farfaganda na kan layi na kan Telegram, *Mrakoborets* (lit. 'Auror', wani Harry Potter reference), ya buga bayanan sirri game da Bernstein kuma ya zarge shi da keta sabuwar dokar Rasha game da buga labarai na karya. Taron ya yi iƙirarin cewa gyaran Bernstein na labaran Wikipedia game da mamayar Rasha ta 2022 a Ukraine ya keta sabuwar doka.

A ranar 11 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, GUBOPiK, Babban Daraktan Belarus don Yankin da Laifuka da Cin Hanci da rashawa, ya tsare Bernstein  a cibiyar tsare-tsare ta Okrestina a Minsk.  Tashoshin Telegram masu goyon bayan gwamnati sun buga rikodin bidiyo na tsare Bernstein kuma sun zarge shi da yada bayanan karya na "mai adawa da Rasha".   A ranar 12 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, an yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin kwanaki 15 na kama-karya saboda "rashin biyayya ga umarni na doka ko bukatar wani jami'in" (mataki na 24.3 na Dokar Gudanarwa ta Belarus).  

A ranar 11 ga Maris 2022, Gidauniyar Wikimedia, wacce ke gudanar da Wikipedia da sauran ayyukan Wikimedia, ta bayyana a mayar da martani ga wani bincike game da tsare Bernstein cewa "Ƙungiyoyin Amincewa da Tsaro da 'Yancin Dan Adam [suna] sa ido kan rikicin da ke gudana a Ukraine kuma [suna cikin] kusa da al'ummomin [Wikimedia] a yankin don tabbatar da amincinsu da amsa bukatun su" 

A ranar 26 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, jaridar Belarus *Nasha Niva* ta ba da rahoton cewa ba a saki Bernstein ba bayan kwanaki 15 na kama shi kuma ya yi iƙirarin cewa an tuhume shi da "shirya da shirya ayyukan da suka saba wa tsarin jama'a, ko kuma shiga cikin su" (mataki na 342.1 na Dokar Laifuka ta Belarus).  A cikin wata sanarwa ta hadin gwiwa ta kungiyoyi bakwai, gami da Cibiyar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Viasna, mai kwanan wata 29 ga Maris 2022, an amince da shi a matsayin fursunonin siyasa.

### Ƙayyadadden 'yanci
A ranar 24 ga Yuni 2022, a cikin hukunci na biyu, an ba Bernstein hukuncin "kamar magana", tare da ƙuntataccen 'yanci, na tsawon shekaru uku, don "shirya da shirya ayyukan da ke rushe tsarin zamantakewa". Bernstein ya bayyana cewa ba shi da laifi game da zargin. An bayyana hujjar mai gabatar da kara a matsayin "maras fahimta" ta Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty .

## Bayanan da aka ambata