GFDL CM2. X

Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Coupled Model (**GFDL CM2.5**) wani nau'i ne na yanayin yanayi-teku (AOGCM) wanda aka haɓaka a NOAA Geophysiical Fluid Dynamic Laboratory a Amurka. Yana daya daga cikin manyan samfuran yanayi da aka yi amfani da su a cikin Rahoton Bincike na huɗu na IPCC, tare da samfuran da aka haɓaka a Cibiyar Max Planck don Binciken Yanayi, Cibiyar Hadley da Cibiyar Nazarin Yanayi ta Kasa.

## Rubuce-rubuce
**Yanayi**

Sashe na yanayi na CM2. X model yana amfani da yanayi mai matakai 24 tare da ƙuduri na kwance na 2 ° a gabas-yamma da 2.5 ° a arewa maso kudu. Wannan ƙuduri ya isa ya warware manyan guguwa na tsakiya da ke da alhakin canjin yanayi. Yana da tsananin gaske, duk da haka, don warware matakai kamar guguwa ko barkewar tsawa mai tsanani. Yanayin ya haɗa da wakilci na yaduwar radiative, haɗuwa a cikin iyakar iyakar yanayi, wakilci na tasirin stratus da cumulus girgije, wani makirci don wakiltar jan hankali a kan iskõki na sama wanda raƙuman ruwa suka haifar, canje-canje a cikin rarrabawar sararin samaniya na ozone da ikon wakiltar tasirin iskar gas mai yawa.

**Tekun**

Yankin teku shine teku mai matakin 50, yana gudana a ƙuduri na 1 ° a gefen gabas-yamma kuma yana bambanta a gefen arewa maso kudu daga digiri 1 a cikin yankunan polar zuwa 1/3 na digiri tare da ma'auni. Wannan ƙuduri ya isa ya warware tsarin halin yanzu na equatorial, amma yana da tsananin gaske don kama ƙuƙwalwar mesoscale mai ƙarfi- wanda tasirin advective da diffusive ke da ma'ana. Sauran mahimman sigogi sun haɗa da tsawo na ƙasa kyauta wanda ke canzawa don mayar da martani ga evaporation, hazo, da haɗuwa da raƙuman teku, shawo kan hasken rana da aka haɗa da abubuwan da aka lura da chlorophyll, wakiltar haɗin teku, haɗa rikice-rikice da aka haifar ta hanyar haɗuwa da ruwa a kan shelves da kuma tsare-tsaren da ke ba da damar ruwa daga tekuna masu gefen kamar Red da Baltic Seas zuwa "haɗuwa" a fadin kunkuntar ƙuƙayyun hanyoyin a bakinsu.

## Bayani na kwaikwayon
An gudanar da samfuran guda biyu don IPCC, wanda ya ƙunshi irin wannan yaduwar teku amma hanyoyi daban-daban don warware daidaitattun motsi. Sakamakon shi ne cewa samfuran suna da matsin iska daban-daban a kan Kudancin Tekun, tare da CM2.0 yana nuna son zuciya na iskõki waɗanda ke motsawa zuwa equator amma samfurin CM2.1 yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan kalilan da ke da iskõki kusa da madaidaiciyar latitude da girman a wannan yankin (Russell et al., 2006). Ayyukan da Reichler da Kim suka yi a Jami'ar Utah sun nuna cewa wannan jerin samfurin yana daya daga cikin manyan samfuran a cikin halaye na yanayi. Har ila yau, yana da ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun kwaikwayon El Nino tsakanin samfuran IPCC (van Oldenburgh et al., 2005; Wittenberg et al., 2006). Koyaya, kamar yadda lamarin yake tare da mafi yawan AOGCMs suna gudana ba tare da daidaitawa ba, samfuran sun ƙasa kama yankunan sanyi masu tasowa tare da iyakokin gabashin Pacific da Atlantic, kuma suna samar da tafkin Amazon mai bushewa.

## Ƙarin ci gaba
Ci gaban samfurin CM2.1 ya ci gaba a wurare uku. Inganta samfurin aerosols da ilmin sunadarai na yanayi ya haifar da samfurin CM3 a cikin 2011. Ingantawa a cikin samfurin sake zagayowar biogeochemical ya haifar da samfuran ESM2M da ESM2G. Hanyar ta uku ita ce kara ƙudurin samfurin CM2, wanda ya haifar da samfuran CM2.5, CM26, FLOR da HiFLOR.

## Manazarta