Haskakawa (littafi)

The Shining wani labari ne mai ban tsoro na 1977 wanda marubucin Amurka Stephen King ya rubuta. Littafin Sarki ne na uku da aka buga kuma littafi na farko da aka fi sayarwa; nasarar da ya samu ta tabbatar da Sarki a matsayin fitaccen marubuci a cikin nau'in tsoro. Yanayin da haruffa sun rinjayi abubuwan da Sarki ya samu, gami da ziyararsa zuwa Otal din Stanley a 1974 da gwagwarmayarsa da maye. An daidaita littafin a cikin Fim na 1980 da kuma miniseries na 1997. Littafin ya biyo bayan wani ci gaba, Doctor Sleep, wanda aka buga a cikin 2013, wanda kuma aka daidaita shi cikin Fim na 2019.

Shining ya shafi Jack Torrance, marubuci mai gwagwarmaya kuma mai shan giya wanda ya karɓi matsayi a matsayin mai kula da Otal din Overlook na tarihi a cikin Colorado Rockies. Iyalinsa suna tare da shi a wannan aikin, gami da ɗansa, Daani, wanda ke da "*Haskakawa*", tarin ƙwarewar da ke ba yaron damar ganin yanayin gaskiya na otal ɗin. Ba da daɗewa ba, bayan guguwar hunturu ta bar iyalin a cikin dusar ƙanƙara, ikon allahntaka da ke zaune a otal ɗin ya rinjayi lafiyar Jack, ya bar matarsa Wendy da ɗansa cikin haɗari mai tsanani.

## Makirci
Jack Torrance, marubuci mai burin zama,  an hayar shi a matsayin mai kula da hunturu a Otal din Overlook, otal mai zaman kansa a cikin Colorado Rockies. Jack mai shan giya ne mai warkewa tare da matsalolin fushi wanda a baya ya sa ya karya hannun ɗansa Danny ba zato ba tsammani kuma ya rasa aikin koyarwa bayan ya kai hari ga dalibi. Jack yana fatan cewa ɓoyewar otal ɗin zai taimaka masa ya sake haɗuwa da Danny da matarsa, Wendy, kuma ya ba shi motsawar da ake buƙata don kammala rubutun da ba a gama ba.

Iyayensa ba su san shi ba, Danny yana da ikon tunani da ake kira "haskakawa", wanda ya haɗa da tunanin karatu, hangen nesa da hangen nesa. Yayinda suke motsawa cikin otal ɗin a ranar rufewa, Torrances sun sadu da mai dafa abinci, Dick Hallorann, wanda ke da irin wannan iyawa ga Danny, kuma ya kafa alaƙa da shi.

Yayin da Torrances suka zauna su kaɗai a Overlook, Danny ya ga fatalwowi da wahayin tsoro. Danny bai gaya wa kowanne daga cikin iyayensa game da wahayinsa ba, saboda ya ji cewa aikin kulawa yana da mahimmanci ga mahaifinsa, kuma ya hana Wendy barin Jack a Overlook da kansa. Koyaya, nan da nan Danny ya fahimci cewa kasancewarsa a cikin otal ɗin ya sa aikin allahntaka ya fi ƙarfin gaske, yana juyar da bala'o'in da suka gabata daga tarihin otal ɗin zuwa barazanar haɗari. Bayyanawa suna da tsari mai ƙarfi, kuma dabbobin lambu suna rayuwa. Ruwan dusar ƙanƙara na hunturu ya bar Torrances ya yanke daga duniyar waje.

The Overlook yana da wahalar mallaki Danny, don haka ya juya hankalinsa ga Jack ta hanyar rushe burinsa na aiki da kuma yaudarar shi da tarihin duhu na otal ta hanyar littafin da ke cikin ginshiki. Jack ya fara kamuwa da zazzabin jiki kuma ya zama mai saurin kwanciyar hankali, yana lalata rediyo mai hanyoyi biyu kuma yana lalata motar dusar ƙanƙara, hanyar tserewa ta iyali kawai. Bayan yaƙi da Wendy, Jack ya ga mashaya na otal ɗin cike da barasa duk da cewa a baya babu komai kuma ya sami kansa yana halartar wani biki na fatalwowi. Yayin da ya bugu, otal ɗin ya yi amfani da fatalwa na Delbert Grady, mai kula da baya wanda ya kashe iyalinsa, don ya bukaci Jack ya yi daidai da Danny da Wendy. Da farko ya yi tsayayya amma a ƙarshe ya fada cikin duhu da otal.

Wendy da Danny sun sami nasara daga Jack bayan ya kai hari ga Wendy, ya kulle shi a cikin ɗakin ajiya, amma fatalwa ta Grady ta sake shi bayan ya sa Jack ya yi alkawarin kawo masa Danny kuma ya kashe Wendy. Jack ya kai wa Wendy hari da daya daga cikin bututun dutse na otal ɗin, ya ji mata rauni sosai, amma ta tsere zuwa ɗakin mai kula kuma ta kulle kanta a cikin gidan wanka. Jack ya yi ƙoƙari ya karya ƙofar tare da maciji, amma Wendy ta yanke hannunsa da razor blade don hana shi. A halin yanzu, Hallorann, bayan ya karbi kiran damuwa daga Danny yayin da yake aiki a wani wurin shakatawa na hunturu a Florida, ya gaggauta komawa Overlook, kawai don dabbobi masu tasowa su kai masa hari kuma Jack ya ji masa mummunan rauni.￼

Yayin da Jack ya bi Danny ta otal ɗin kuma ya kusantar da shi a saman bene, ya sami iko da kansa kuma ya roƙi Danny ya gudu. Otal din da sauri ya sake sarrafa Jack, ya sa ya yi mummunan rauni a fuskarsa da kwanyarsa tare da kwalba, ya bar jikinsa a ƙarƙashin ikon otal din. Da yake tunawa da cewa Jack ya yi watsi da rage matsin lamba a kan bututun otal din, Danny ya sanar da otal din cewa yana gab da fashewa. Yayin da Danny, Wendy, da Hallorann suka gudu, halitta ta otal ɗin ta yi gaggawar zuwa ginshiki a ƙoƙarin fitar da matsin lamba, amma ya makara. Boiler din ya fashe, ya kashe Jack kuma ya lalata Overlook. Da yake yaki da yunkurin karshe da otal din ya yi na mallake shi, Hallorann ya jagoranci Danny da Wendy zuwa lafiya.

An kafa labarin littafin a lokacin rani mai zuwa. Hallorann, wanda ya dauki aikin dafa abinci a wani wurin shakatawa a Maine, ya ta'azantar da Danny game da asarar mahaifinsa yayin da Wendy ta warke daga raunin da Jack ya yi mata.

## Tarihi

Bayan ya rubuta *Carrie* da *<nowiki/>'Salem's Lot*, waɗanda dukansu an saita su a ƙananan garuruwa a ƙasar King ta Maine, Sarki yana neman canjin saurin littafinsa na gaba: "Ina so in ciyar da shekara guda daga Maine don littafin na na gaba ya sami wani nau'i daban". Sarki ya buɗe wani atlas na Amurka a kan teburin kicinsa kuma ya nuna wani wuri, wanda ya zama Boulder, Colorado.

A ranar 30 ga Oktoba, 1974,  Sarki da matarsa Tabitha sun shiga Otal din Stanley da ke kusa da Estes Park, Colorado. Su ne kawai baƙi biyu a cikin otal ɗin a wannan dare: "Lokacin da muka isa, suna shirye-shiryen rufewa don kakar, kuma mun sami kanmu baƙi kawai a wurin - tare da duk waɗannan tsawo, marasa amfani".

Shekaru goma da suka gabata, Sarki ya karanta ɗan gajeren labarin Ray Bradbury na 1950 "The Veldt" kuma an yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ya rubuta labarin game da mutumin da mafarkinsa zai zama gaskiya. A shekara ta 1972, Sarki ya fara wani labari mai suna *Darkshine*, wanda ya kasance game da wani yaro mai hankali a cikin wurin shakatawa mai hankali, amma ra'ayin bai taɓa samun nasara ba kuma ya watsar da littafin. A cikin dare a Stanley, wannan labarin ya dawo masa.

Sarki da matarsa sun ci abincin dare a wannan maraice a cikin babban ɗakin cin abinci, gaba ɗaya su kaɗai. An ba su zaɓi ɗaya don abincin dare, abincin da kawai yake akwai. Waƙoƙin kiɗa da aka buga a cikin dakin kuma nasu shine kawai teburin da aka saita don cin abinci: "Baya ga teburinmu duk kujerun sun tashi a kan teburin. Don haka kiɗa yana sake maimaitawa a cikin zauren, kuma, ina nufin, kamar Allah ya sanya ni a can don jin hakan kuma ya ga waɗancan abubuwa. Kuma a lokacin da na je gado a wannan dare, ina da dukan littafin a zuciyata". Bayan abincin dare, matarsa ta yanke shawarar juya, amma Sarki ya yi tafiya a kusa da otal ɗin da babu kowa. Ya ƙare a cikin mashaya kuma wani mai shayarwa mai suna Grady ya ba shi abin sha.

## Manazarta