Marit Nybakk

**Marit Nybakk** (an haife ta 14 ga Fabrairu 1947, a cikin Nord-Odal ) 'yar siyasar Norway ce ta Jam'iyyar Labour, tsohuwar mataimakiyar shugabar farko ta Majalisar Norway, Storting, kuma tsohuwar Shugabar Majalisar Nordic . Daga 2016 zuwa 2018 ta kasance Shugabar Ƙungiyar Ƴancin Mata ta Norwegian, babbar ƙungiyar kare hakkin mata da 'yan mata a Norway. 

Dimokuradiyyar zamantakewar al'umma kuma mai goyon bayan Hanya ta Uku, ta zama 'yar majalisa a 1986 a matsayin mataimakiyar Gro Harlem Brundtland lokacin da na karshen ya zama Firayim Minista. A shekara ta 2009 ta zama mataimakiyar shugabar Storting ta uku, kafin ta zama mataimakiyar shugaban ƙasa a 2013. Ba ta sake tsayawa takara ba a 2017; a wancan lokacin ita ce ƴar majalisar dokokin Norway da ta fi dadewa a kan karagar mulki kuma mace ce da ta fi dadewa a kan karagar mulki. Nybakk ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar Nordic don wa'adin 2013.

Nybakk ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan 'yan siyasa na jam'iyyar Labour a harkokin waje da tsaro tun a shekarun 1990 kuma ta kasance mai magana da yawun jam'iyyarta kan harkokin tsaro. Ta kasance shugabar zaunannen kwamitin tsaro a tsakanin shekarar 2001 zuwa 2005 sannan kuma mataimakiyar shugaban zaunannen kwamitin kan harkokin kasashen waje tsakanin 2005 zuwa 2009. Tsohuwar shugabar kungiyar 'yan gurguzu ce a majalisar dokokin NATO .

## Ilimi
Nybakk ya yi karatun Ingilishi, Faransanci da kimiyyar siyasa a Oslo, Paris da Cambridge, kuma ya kammala karatunsa da cand.mag. digiri a Jami'ar Oslo a 1972. Ta kuma yi karatun wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a Stratford-kan-Avon a 1974. A matsayinta na dalibi, ta kasance memba a hukumar jami'a ta Jami'ar Oslo, a matsayin mace ta farko da ta fara hidima a wannan jikin. Ita ce Shugabar Asusun Taimakon Taimakon Duniya na Ɗaliban Norway da Ilimi na 1977–1981. 

## Sana'ar siyasa

### Dan majalisa
An zabi Nybakk a matsayin mataimakin memba na majalisar dokokin Norway, Storting, na mazabar Oslo a 1985. A matsayinta na mataimakiyar Gro Harlem Brundtland, ta zama mamba a majalisa a 1986 lokacin da Brundtland ta zama Firayim Minista. Ta zama cikakkiyar wakili a cikin 1987, bayan mutuwar ministan harkokin waje Knut Frydenlund . An sake zaben Nybakk a matsayin dan majalisa mai wakiltar mazabar Oslo a 1989, 1993, 1997, 2001, 2005, 2009, da 2013 . Ta shafe shekaru da dama ta kasance 'yar takarar jam'iyyar Labour ta biyu daga mazabar Oslo, na biyu bayan shugaban jam'iyyar kuma Firayim Minista (yanzu sakatare-janar NATO ) Jens Stoltenberg . 

Tun daga shekarun 1990, Nybakk ya mai da hankali kan manufofin harkokin waje da na tsaro, kuma ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan 'yan siyasa na jam'iyyar Labour da ke wannan fanni. Ta kasance shugabar zaunannen kwamitin tsaro a tsakanin shekarar 2001 zuwa 2005 sannan kuma mataimakiyar shugaban zaunannen kwamitin kan harkokin kasashen waje tsakanin 2005 zuwa 2009. Ta kasance memba na zaunannen kwamitin kan harkokin waje da tsaro da kuma kwamitin Turai, kuma shugaban kwamitin shirye-shiryen takaddun shaida a lokacin 2013-2017.  Nybakk ya kasance mai magana da yawun jam'iyyar Labour a kan tsaro.

Nybakk ya kasance mataimakin shugaban Storting na uku a lokacin 2009-2013, kuma an zabe shi mataimakin shugaban kasa na farko a 2013. 

A shekara ta 2013 ta zama mace mafi dadewa a majalisar dokokin Norway da kuma mace mafi dadewa a kowane lokaci. 

Nybakk ya kasance wakilin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya tun shekara ta 2004.

### Majalisar NATO
Ta kasance wakili a Majalisar Dokokin NATO daga 2005 zuwa 2013, kuma ta zama shugabar kungiyar Socialist a 2009.

### Shugaban Majalisar Nordic
A cikin 2012, an zaɓi Nybakk a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar Nordic don lokacin 2013.  A matsayinta na shugabar kasa, ta inganta haɗin gwiwar tsaro na Nordic da haɓaka haɗin gwiwar Nordic akan ayyukan ceto da ayyukan gaggawa. 

### Kungiyar Kwadago ta Norway
Nybakk ya kasance shugaban reshen Oslo na Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Kasuwanci ta Norwegian ( *LO i Oslo* ) daga 1992 zuwa 1997. 

### Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Mata ta Norwegian
A watan Mayu 2016 an zabi Nybakk a matsayin shugaban kungiyar 'yancin mata na Norwegian, babbar kungiyar kare hakkin mata da 'yan mata ta Norway, a madadin masanin zamantakewa Margunn Bjørnholt . [1] Alkalin Kotun Koli Karin M. Bruzelius ne ya gaje ta a ranar 16 ga Yuni 2018. Ta zama mamba a kwamitin dandalin mata da ci gaba a watan Nuwamba 2016. [2]

### Sauran ofisoshin
Nybakk ya kasance memba na majalisa na Hukumar Haɗin Kai ta Norway 1978-1988, Shugaban Kwamitin Ba da Shawarwari don Haɗin gwiwar Ci Gaba na Majalisar Ministocin Nordic 1984-1989 kuma Shugaban Majalisar Taimakon Harkokin Waje, ƙungiyar ba da shawara ta jama'a da Ma'aikatar Haɗin gwiwar Ci gaba ta nada, daga 1987 zuwa 1988.

Ita memba ce a kwamitin ba da shawara na Cibiyar Oslo, wanda tsohon Firayim Minista Kjell Magne Bondevik ya kafa, kuma memba na majalisar SOS Villages Villages a Norway.

## Matsayin siyasa
Nybakk ana daukarsa a matsayin hanya ta uku mai bin tsarin dimokuradiyya; Ana bayyana ta a matsayin mamba na hannun dama na jam'iyyar Labour. 

### Manufar harkokin waje da tsaro
Nybakk yana goyan bayan zama membobin Norway a cikin Tarayyar Turai .  Kamar ita kanta jam'iyyar Labour da kuma yawancin 'yan siyasar Norway, tana goyon bayan kasancewar Norway a cikin kungiyar NATO .  Ta goyi bayan yakin Afghanistan, kuma ta yi jayayya cewa ya 'yantar da mata a kasar. 

### Hakkokin mata
Nybakk ya kuma ba da shawarar kare hakkin mata musamman a jihohi irin su Iran da sauran yankunan Gabas ta Tsakiya. Ta kasance mataimakiyar shugabar kwamitin kare hakkin bil'adama a Iran 1995-1997. A cikin 2015, Nybakk da shugabar jam'iyyar Liberal Party Trine Skei Grande sun kaurace wa tawagar 'yan majalisar dokoki da za ta ziyarci Iran saboda bukatar 'yan mata su sanya chador, wanda suka ce yana nuna wariya ga mata. 

## Labarai

* Marit Nybakk da Alexander Kvedalen (eds.): *Arbeiderbevegelsens århundre: 100 år i kamp og framgang: en billedkavalkade over viktige hendelser fra fagbevegelsens historie a Oslo*, LO i Oslo, 1999

## Manazarta