Adalci na Jama'ar yan ƙasa

**Citizens for Public Justice (CPJ) ** kungiya ce mai zaman kanta, mai zaman kanta wacce ke inganta adalci a cikin Manufofin jama'a na Kanada ta hanyar bincike da bincike da aka mayar da hankali kan rage talauci, Adalci na muhalli, da haƙƙin 'yan gudun hijira.

CPJ ta bayyana adalci na jama'a a matsayin bangaren siyasa na ƙaunar maƙwabcin mutum, kula da halitta, da kuma cimma burin kowa.[1] Sanarwar manufar CPJ ita ce "don inganta adalci na jama'a a Kanada ta hanyar tsara mahimman muhawara game da manufofin jama'a ta hanyar bincike da bincike, bugawa, da tattaunawar jama'a. CPJ tana ƙarfafa 'yan ƙasa, shugabannin cikin al'umma, da gwamnatoci don tallafawa manufofi da ayyuka waɗanda ke nuna kiran Allah na ƙauna, adalci, da bunƙasa Halitta.

CPJ ƙungiya ce mai ba da agaji a Kanada wacce ake tallafawa aikinta ta hanyar gudummawa daga masu zaman kansu da membobin, da kuma daga majami'u da tallafin tushe. Kwamitin daraktocinsa ya kunshi wakilai 13 daga dukkan yankuna na Kanada. Daraktoci na iya zama a matsakaicin wa'adin shekaru uku. A cikin 2013, CPJ ta yi bikin cika shekaru 50 da haihuwa. CPJ memba ne mai alaƙa da Majalisar Ikklisiyoyin Kanada (CCC). 

## Tarihi

### Shekaru na 1960: Kafa
An kafa CPJ a Toronto a 1963 a matsayin Kwamitin Shari'a da 'Yanci (Chillar CJL) ta Gerald Vandezande .  A shekara ta 1971, ya haɗu da Gidauniyar Ayyukan Kirista ta Alberta, karkashin jagorancin John Olthuis wanda ya shiga Vandezande a Toronto.

### 1970s: Mackenzie Valley Pipeline
A cikin shekarun 1970s, Gidauniyar CJL ta yi yaƙi da shirin Mackenzie Valley Pipeline, wanda za a gina shi ta hanyar ƙasar gargajiya ta mutanen Dene a cikin Mackenzie Valley na Yankin Arewa maso Yamma don aika burbushin burbushin daga Tekun Beaufort ga masu amfani da Amurka. Da yake bayyana a gaban binciken Berger, Gidauniyar CJL ta yi kira ga dakatar da ayyukan shekaru 10. John Olthuis, Hugh McCullum, da Karmel McCullum sun sake maimaita wannan a cikin littafin su Moratorium kuma daga baya ya zama babban shawarar binciken bututun mai na Mackenzie Valley ta Justice Thomas R. Berger. Tommy Douglas, shugaban NDP, ya nemi a sayi daruruwan kwafin littafin don rarraba a Hill Hill. A ƙarshe, gwamnatin Pierre Elliott Trudeau ta ayyana dakatarwar. Wannan nasarar ana daukar ta daya daga cikin manyan tasirin CPJ, kuma nasara ce ta farko ga kungiyar.

### 1980s: Grassy Narrows First Nation
A shekara ta 1982, Gidauniyar CJL ta mayar da hankali ga manufofin jama'a na tarayya. A hukumance ya canza sunansa zuwa Citizens for Public Justice (CPJ) kuma ya tsara *Jagororin Sabis na Siyasa na Kirista* da *Yarjejeniyar 'Yancin Jama'a da Hakki*.  

A farkon shekarun 1980, CPJ ta bude ofisoshin yanki a Calgary, Edmonton, da Vancouver, yayin da ofishinta na kasa ya kasance a Toronto. Kathy Vandergrift, ma'aikaci a ofishin Edmonton, an kira shi Edmonton's Citizen of the Year don ba da shawarar abin da ya zama Blue Box Recycling Program. CPJ ta shiga cikin turawa don aiwatar da wannan shirin, gudanar da bita a makarantu da majami'u, rarraba littattafai, da kuma kafa Edmonton Recycling Society, wanda zai gudanar da cibiyar sake amfani ta farko.

A cikin 1980, Olthuis ya fara wakiltar Grassy Narrows First Nation wanda ƙasarsu ta gurɓata da mercury. A shekara ta 1985, an cimma matsaya ta biyan diyya.

A wannan lokacin, CPJ ta ba da shawarar asusun Ci gaban Jama'a da Halitta na Kasa. Sa'an nan, a cikin 1986, CPJ ta gabatar da ra'ayin zakka na gwamnati, inda gwamnati za ta yi amfani da kashi 10% na kasafin kudin ta don taimakawa matalauta. The Toronto Star ya ba da ra'ayin shafi na gaba, kuma wasu kafofin watsa labarai na duniya da na Kirista sun rufe shi yayin da ya sami goyon baya daga shugabannin Kirista.

A shekara ta 1988, Harry Kits ya zama Babban Darakta na CPJ.

### 1990s: Talauci na yara da 'yancin' yan gudun hijira
A cikin 1991, CPJ ta rufe ofisoshin yankinta kuma ta mayar da dukkan ayyukanta zuwa Toronto. A yin wannan sun kuma canza aikinsu don mayar da hankali kan wasu mahimman batutuwa don samun zurfi tare da kowannensu. Wannan ya haifar da karin hankali kan bincike da ilimi game da haƙƙin 'yan gudun hijira da talauci a Kanada.

A cikin shekarun 1990s, CPJ ta mayar da hankali kan haƙƙin 'yan asalin ƙasar, talauci, da haƙƙin' yan gudun hijira. Ya kasance mai murya a cikin goyon bayansa ga Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples .  Daga baya a farkon shekarun 2000, CPJ ta yi adawa da yarjejeniyar raba gardama ta yarjejeniyar 'yan asalin British Columbia game da haƙƙin yarjejeniyar al'ummomi na farko.

A cikin 1998, CPJ da Kamfen 2000 sun ƙaddamar da "Bari mu saka hannun jari a cikin yara na Kanada", kamfen don kawo ƙarshen talauci na yara a Kanada. CPJ, Majalisar Musulunci ta Kanada, da Majalisar Kanada don Gyara addinin Yahudanci sun bayyana tare a gaban Kwamitin Kudi na House of Commons don jaddada goyon bayan addinai don matakan yaki da talauci.

Daga 1995 zuwa 2000, CPJ ta yi magana game da abin da ake kira " harajin kai", kuɗin haƙƙin saukowa na $ 975 da aka caje wa 'yan gudun hijira na Yarjejeniyar lokacin isowa. An cire wannan kuɗin a cikin kasafin kuɗin tarayya na 2000. Sun kuma kasance suna aiki a kan rancen dalibai don batun 'yan gudun hijira, kuma sun ga nasara a kan hakan a farkon 2000s.

### Shekaru na 2000: Ka ƙaura zuwa Ottawa
Sabon karni ya nuna canje-canje da yawa ga CPJ. A ranar 22 ga watan Agusta, 2001, Vandezande ta karbi Order of Canada .  An amince da CPJ tare da takardar shaidar godiya daga Cibiyar Kula da Shawara ta Kanada ta Somaliya don aikin 'yan gudun hijira,  wanda ya ci gaba a cikin shekaru goma. CPJ kuma ta fara aikinta na yaki da talauci, ilimantar da jama'a da gudanar da bincike. Wannan duk ya haifar da ƙaddamar da kamfen din Dignity for All a cikin shekara ta 2009.

CPJ ta ƙaura hedkwatarta daga Toronto zuwa Ottawa a cikin 2007. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan dalilan da suka haifar da wannan matakin shi ne cewa CPJ ta ji cewa, tunda sun fi mayar da hankali kan batutuwan tarayya, kasancewa kusa da majalisa na iya taimakawa wajen aikinsu. Sanarwarsu ta bayyana cewa "adalci na jama'a yana kiransa mu kasance inda tattaunawar ke faruwa kuma mu kawo mu fiye da shekaru 40 na fahimta, bincike da matsayi na gwaji. CPJ tana da hangen nesa na Kanada wanda ke rungumar pluralism, wanda ke tambayar wanda ke amfana daga manufofi, kuma hakan yana gabatar da madadin taimako. Ofishin ƙasa a Ottawa zai bar mu ci gaba da wannan hangen nesa yadda ya kamata. "

Wannan matakin ya kasance tare da sauye-sauyen ma'aikata, kuma a cikin 2008 Joe Gunn ya zama Babban Darakta na CPJ .  A cikin shekara ta 2012, an ba Joe Gunn lambar yabo ta Sarauniya ta Diamond Jubilee saboda aikinsa na kawo al'ummomin bangaskiya tare a bayan Kira na Addini don Jagora da Aiki kan Canjin Yanayi.

Wanda ya kafa CPJ Gerald Vandezande ya mutu a 2011 yana da shekaru 77. 

Joe Gunn ya kammala aikinsa a CPJ a watan Janairun 2019. Willard Metzger, tsohon na World Vision da Mennonite Church Canada, ya fara wa'adinsa a matsayin Babban Darakta na huɗu na CPJ a watan Fabrairun 2019.

## Ayyukan yanzu

### Talauci a Kanada
A shekara ta 2009, Citizens for Public Justice da Canada Without Poverty sun kafa Dignity for All, wani kamfen da ba na jam'iyya ba wanda ke kira ga shirin yaki da talauci na kasa ga Kanada. Kowace shekara a ranar 17 ga Oktoba, kamfen ɗin Dignity for All yana nuna Ranar Kasa da Kasa don kawar da talauci tare da abubuwan da suka faru a duk faɗin Kanada.

'Yan majalisa da Sanatoci da yawa sun amince da yakin, ciki har da Firayim Minista na Kanada Justin Trudeau, shugaban NDP Thomas Mulcair, shugaban Green Party Elizabeth Mayu; Sanatoci Art Eggleton da Janis Johnson; Ministocin Marc Garneau, Scott Brison, Carolyn Bennett, John McCallum, da Kirsty Duncan; da' yan majalisa Scott Armstrong, Gerry Byrne, Nathan Cullen, Joyce Murray, Niki Ashton, da Charlie Angus. Hakanan, fiye da kungiyoyi 700 da mutane 11,000 sun sanya hannu kan kiran Dignity for All zuwa aiki.

CPJ ta taimaka wajen kafa All-Party Anti-Poverty Caucus . Kungiyar, wacce ta kunshi 'yan majalisa da Sanatoci na dukkan jam'iyyun, suna haɗuwa a kai a kai don tattauna ka'idojin manufofi da za su kawo karshen talauci a Kanada. A cikin 2011, CPJ ta taimaka wajen tara shugabannin addinai a Ottawa don sanya hannu kan sanarwar addinai kan talauci a Kanada. Wadanda suka sanya hannu sun hada da Majalisar Ikklisiyoyin Kanada, Wakilin Addinai na Kanada - Taron Addinai na Duniya na 2010, Bishara ta Bishara na Kanada, da kuma Dignity for All. 

A cikin bazara na shekara ta 2015, CPJ ta shirya "Justice Tour 2015", tawagar shugabannin cocin kasa wadanda suka yi tafiya zuwa birane takwas don shiga mutane masu bangaskiya a tattaunawa game da talauci a Kanada da canjin yanayi. Bayan yawon shakatawa, CPJ ta taimaka wajen daidaita "A kan Inganta Adalci na Yanayi da Ƙarshen Talauci a Kanada", wata sanarwa ta addinai daga shugabannin bangaskiya na Kanada. Wannan ita ce ta farko da ta yi irin wannan sanarwa a cikin shekaru hudu kuma sama da masu sa hannu 65 ne suka amince da ita.

Kamfen din Dignity for All ya fitar da tsarin shirin yaki da talauci na kasa na Kanada a shekarar 2015.  Kashegari bayan wannan fitowar, 'yan majalisa sun zartar da wani yunkuri na kusan hadin kai yana kira ga gwamnati "don kawar da talauci na yara a Kanada ta hanyar bunkasa shirin rage talauci na kasa".  A cikin 2015, gwamnatin tarayya ta ba da sanarwar shirye-shiryen bunkasa shirin.  Yaƙin neman zaɓe ya kasance mai aiki a lokacin shawarwarin gwamnatin tarayya na 2017 game da shirin hana talauci na ƙasa mai zuwa.

Kowace Oktoba, CPJ tana fitar da rahoto game da talauci a Kanada. A cikin 2018, CPJ ta fitar da "Poverty Trends 2018". Rahoton ya nuna tasirin talauci a kan wasu kungiyoyi, kamar sababbin baƙi, iyalai da uwaye marasa aure ke jagoranta, manya marasa haɗin kai, matasa, da 'yan asalin ƙasar. Har ila yau, yana gabatar da yawan talauci ga kowane lardin da yankin da kuma manyan birane da ƙananan al'ummomi a duk faɗin Kanada.

### Adalci na muhalli
Gina kan tarihinsa na aikin muhalli - gami da nasarar kiran don dakatar da Mackenzie Valley Pipeline a cikin 1970s da gabatar da shirye-shiryen sake amfani da birni a cikin 1980s - CPJ tana tallafawa ingantaccen mataki don yaki da canjin yanayi da rage hayakin gas. CPJ memba ne na Cibiyar Ayyukan Yanayi ta Kanada  da Cibiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Green . 

A cikin shekara ta 2011, CPJ da Majalisar Ikklisiyoyin Kanada sun haɓaka Kira na Addinai na Kanada don Jagora da Aiki kan Canjin Yanayi, wata sanarwa ta ecumenical da sama da cibiyoyin bangaskiya 60 suka amince da ita a Kanada. Babban Darakta na CPJ a lokacin, Joe Gunn, ya ba da gudummawa ga wani babi mai taken "Taxes and Ecological Justice?" ga littafin The Great Revenue Robbery from Canadians for Tax Fairness .  Sa'an nan a cikin 2012, Cibiyar Pembina ta amince da Gunn a matsayin "Clean Energy Champion". 

A cikin 2014, CPJ ta buga Living Faithfully into a New Climate, jerin bangaskiya da albarkatun yanayi da ke da alaƙa da Taron Yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a New York. Daga baya a wannan shekarar, CPJ ta tsara addu'ar addu'a don yin bikin COP20 a Lima. A cikin shekara ta 2015, CPJ ta daidaita jerin addu'o'i na addinai, a kan Kanada a cikin makonni biyu na tattaunawar yanayi ta duniya a COP21 a Paris. Wannan ya biyo baya a cikin 2016 ta hanyar jerin ayyukan da CPJ ta tattara 'yan Kanada kuma ta yi kira ga shirin aiwatar da yanayi na Kanada wanda ya kafa sabon burin rage hayaki kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga saduwa da sadaukarwar Kanada a cikin Yarjejeniyar Paris.

CPJ ta kaddamar da sabon kamfen a cikin 2017 mai suna "Ka ba da shi ga Duniya!". A lokacin Lent, Kirista a duk faɗin Kanada ya yi alkawarin kansa don rage sawun carbon. Har ila yau, yakin ya haɗa da katin waya da ke kira ga gwamnatin Kanada da ta bi canje-canjen manufofi don yaki da canjin yanayi da saduwa da Yarjejeniyar Paris.  Wannan kamfen ɗin ya ci gaba a cikin 2019, tare da mai da hankali kan manufofin yanayi na ƙasa, gami da sauyawa mai kyau zuwa makamashi mai tsabta da kuma kawo ƙarshen tallafin jama'a na ɓangaren man fetur.

### Hakkin 'yan gudun hijira
CPJ ta yi magana game da manufofi da ke watsi da haƙƙin 'yan gudun hijira a Kanada ciki har da yankewa ga shirin Lafiya na Tarayya na wucin gadi,  Yarjejeniyar Kasar ta Uku mai aminci,  da kuma lokutan jira na dogon lokaci ga' yan gudun hijira masu zaman kansu. 

A cikin 2013, CPJ ta shiga yakin neman zabe na Majalisar 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Kanada. CPJ ta kuma shiga cikin samun shugabannin coci su sanya hannu a kan Sanarwar Ranar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta 2013 wanda ya hada da fitattun masu sa hannu 47. CPJ ta yi maraba da shirin gwamnatin Kanada na sake zama da 'yan gudun hijirar Siriya 25,000 a Kanada. CPJ ta shiga kungiyoyin bangaskiya da yawa wajen sakin "Sanarwar Addini kan 'Yan Gudun Hijira na Siriya" a cikin 2014, tana tabbatarwa da kuma dagewa cewa nuna bambanci ta addini ba a yarda da shi ba yayin sake dawo da' yan gudun hijirar Siriya.

A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2017, CPJ ta fitar da "A Half Welcome", wani rahoto game da batutuwan tallafi masu zaman kansu a Kanada ya nuna damuwa game da yarjejeniyar tallafin 'yan gudun hijira' (SAHs) game da manufofin gwamnatin tarayya, gami da dogon lokaci na jira, dogon lokaci na jiran aikace-aikacen da ba na Siriya ba, iyakokin rabon kuɗi, da rance na tafiye-tafiye.

A watan Yunin 2018, CPJ ta fitar da "Kariya ta Amincewa", tana kira ga sake fasalin Yarjejeniyar Kasar Kasar Uku mai Tsaro, manufofin da ke ba da damar Hukumar Kula da iyakokin Kanada ta ƙi yawancin ikirarin 'yan gudun hijira da aka yi a Kanada-U. S. iyaka. Rahoton ya yi jayayya cewa ta hanyar soke manufofin, Kanada na iya tabbatar da wajibai na kasa da kasa ga 'yan gudun hijira, da kuma haƙƙin' yan gudun hijira don karɓar tsarin da ya dace.

### Sauran batutuwa
CPJ kuma yayi sharhi kan wasu batutuwa kamar:

* Gidaje da Rashin Gida 
* Kudin da za a iya samu a rayuwa 
* Kasafin Kudin Tarayya 
* Yawanci 
* Canjin Zabe 
* Adalci na asali 
* Haraji 

## Littattafai

### Mai Halitta
CPJ tana buga Catalyst sau uku a shekara. An buga bugu na farko a shekarar 1978.  Ya haɗa da labaran fasalin bangaskiya da manufofin jama'a na Kanada da kuma ayyukan yanzu da abubuwan da suka faru a CPJ. The Catalyst a kai a kai yana samun kyaututtuka a bikin bayar da kyautar shekara-shekara na Ikilisiyar Kanada.

### Littattafai

* ***Tafiya zuwa Adalci: Tunanin kan Yunkurin Kirista na Kanada*** **(2018)** 

:: Daga Joe Gunn, babban darakta na Citizens for Public Justice. Littafin ya ƙunshi rubutun game da gudummawar da al'ummomin bangaskiya na Kanada suka bayar a fannoni daban-daban ciki har da manufofin 'yan gudun hijira, muhalli, haƙƙin mata, adalci na tattalin arziki, da yaki da wariyar launin fata.

* ***Adalci na Rayuwa: Amsa ta Littafi Mai-Tsarki ga Rikicin Muhalli*** **(2013)** 

:: Rev. Dr. Mishka Lysack da Karri Munn-Venn ne suka shirya shi. "Riving Ecological Justice" shine bautar da jagorar aiki ga majami'u da ƙananan kungiyoyi. Ya ƙunshi sashe uku mai taken, "Kariya ga Abin da muke Soyayya", "The Biblical Case for Creation Advocacy", da kuma "Towards Abundant Life for All Creation".

* ***Adalci mai rai: Amsawar Bishara ga Talauci*** **(2011)** 

:: Rev. Adam Snook da Karri Munn-Venn ne suka shirya shi. Rayuwa mai adalci littafi ne na tunani, addu'o'i, da ayyuka ga majami'u da ƙananan kungiyoyi. Ya haɗa da sassa huɗu game da kayan aiki, motsin rai, al'umma, da talauci na ruhaniya.

* ***Duniyar Duniya da Bege na Kirista: Tattalin Arziki a cikin Sabis na Rayuwa*** **(2003)** 

:: Daga Bob Goudzwaard da Leo Andringa.

* ***Al'umma zuwa Al'umma: Masarautar Aboriginal da Makomar Kanada*** **(2002)** 

:: Daga John Bird, Lorraine Land, da Murray MacAdam. "Nation to Nation" tarin labarai ne 18 waɗanda ke ba da bayyani game da dangantakar Aboriginal-Kanada da shawarwari don nan gaba. Batutuwan da aka rufe sun haɗa da gwagwarmayar Innu, makarantun zama, yarjejeniyar Nisga'a, da'awar ƙasa, mata da gwamnati, haihuwar Nunavut, da dabarun hadin kai.

* ***Adalci, Ba Mu kawai ba: Ra'ayoyin Bangaskiya da Abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci a kasa*** **(1999)** 

:: Gerald Vandezande ne ya rubuta shi. "Justice, Not Just Us" ya haɗa da tarin rubutun da ke tsara tsarin adalci na jama'a ga batutuwan kamar talauci na yara, rashin daidaito na tattalin arziki, hadin kan kasa, da rashin adalci na ilimi.

* ***Zuwan Adalci: Littafin Bincike*** **(1993)** 

:: Brian Walsh, Richard Middleton, Mark Vander Vennen, da Sylvia Keesmaat ne suka fito. An buga zuwan adalci a 1993 don bikin cika shekaru 30 na Gidauniyar CJL da Citizens for Public Justice (CPJ).

* ***Moratorium: Adalci, Makamashi, Arewa, da 'yan asalin ƙasar*** **(1977)** 

:: Daga Hugh McCullum, Karmel McCullum da John Olthuis.

## Bayanan da aka ambata

## Haɗin waje

* Shafin yanar gizon CPJ (www.cpj.ca)