William Arnett

**William Sidney Arnett** (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, 1939 &#x2013; 12 ga Agusta, 2020)  marubuci ne, edita, mai kula da zane-zane da kuma mai tattara zane-zane da ke zaune a Atlanta wanda ya gina tarin zane-zane na Afirka, Asiya, da Afirka ta Amurka masu muhimmanci a duniya. Arnett shine wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban Gidauniyar Souls Grown Deep,  wata ƙungiya da aka sadaukar domin adanawa da kuma tattara bayanai game da zane-zanen Baƙar fata na Amurka daga Kudancin Kudu wanda ke aiki tare da manyan gidajen tarihi da malamai don samar da abubuwan ban mamaki da wallafe-wallafe ta amfani da manyan abubuwan da ke cikinta. Ƙoƙarinsa ya samar da littattafai 13 tare da kusan kasidu 100 daga marubuta 73. Gidajen tarihi 38 sun dauki nauyin manyan nune-nune, kuma ana adana manyan kayan tarihi a UNC Chapel Hill . Fadar White House ta nuna tarin. Arnett ya nuna ayyukan daga waɗannan tarin kuma ya gabatar da laccoci a gidajen tarihi da cibiyoyin ilimi sama da 100 a Amurka da ƙasashen waje. Wataƙila an fi saninsa da rubutu game da tattara ayyukan masu fasaha 'yan Afirka ta Amurka daga Kudancin Kudu. An nada Arnett a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin "Mutanen Georgia 100 Mafi Tasiri" ta mujallar Georgia Trend a watan Janairun 2015.  Ya mutu a ranar 12 ga Agusta, 2020.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Arnett a Columbus, Georgia . Bayan ya halarci Georgia Tech da Jami'ar Pennsylvania, Arnett ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Georgia, inda ya sami digiri na farko a fannin Turanci. 

## Tarawa
Bayan ya zauna a Turai a tsakiyar shekarun 1960, Arnett ya gina tarin kayan tarihi da kayan tarihi na zamanin Bahar Rum. Ya kuma fara sha'awar zane-zane na Asiya, kuma ya tara ayyukan da suka fara tun daga shekarar 2000 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa zuwa karni na 19.

Shekaru da dama, babban abin da Arnett ya fi sha'awa shi ne Fasahar Afirka. Ya tattara fasahar al'adu daga Yamma da Tsakiyar Afirka, musamman al'adu daban-daban na Najeriya, Benin (wanda a da ake kira Dahomey), da Grassfields na Kamaru, da Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyyar Kongo .  A shekarar 1978, ya rubuta kundin *Three Rivers of Nigeria* don Babban Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Atlanta. A shekarar 1994, ya bayar da wani kaso mai yawa na tarin fasahar Afirka ga Gidan Tarihi na Michael C. Carlos da ke Jami'ar Emory,  a lokacin a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Maxwell Anderson.

A tsakiyar shekarun 1980, Arnett ya fara tattara ayyukan masu fasaha a Kudancin Amurka, ciki har da waƙoƙin da masu fasaha kamar Thornton Dial da Lonnie Holley suka rubuta. A tsakiyar shekarun 1990, ƙoƙarin Arnett ya haifar da wani babban aiki na bincika al'adar gani ta Kudancin Amurka ta Afirka: wani baje koli da littafi mai juzu'i biyu, mai taken Souls Grown Deep: Fasaha ta Afirka ta Amurka ta Kudu, wanda a ƙarshe aka gabatar a Gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1996 a Atlanta kuma ya kasance mafi zurfi, bincike na ilimi game da wannan lamari.  Daga baya, Arnett ya ƙirƙiri jerin wallafe-wallafe masu alaƙa, gami da littattafai da yawa kan barguna da mata da ke zaune a Gee's Bend, Alabama suka ƙirƙira. Ya shirya baje kolin farko mai tasiri na waɗannan barguna a Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha Mai Kyau, Houston a shekara ta 2002.   An nuna baje kolin mai taken The Quilts of Gee's Bend a manyan gidajen tarihi 13 na Amurka, ciki har da Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Amurka na Whitney, Babban Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha, MFA Boston, Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Milwaukee, Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Cleveland, Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Corcoran da Gidan Tarihi na DeYoung .

A ranar 24 ga Nuwamba, 2014, Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan ya sanar da cewa ayyuka 57 na masu fasaha 'yan Afirka na zamani daga Kudancin Amurka an ba su kyautar gidan tarihi ta hanyar Gidauniyar Souls Grown Deep daga tarin William S. Arnett. An gudanar da wani baje kolin da aka keɓe ga kyautar a Gidan Tarihi na Metropolitan a kaka ta 2016.

Kamar yadda Sheena Wagstaff, Leonard A. Lauder, Shugaban Sashen Fasaha na Zamani da Zamani a Gidan Tarihi na Metropolitan, ya bayyana kyautar, "Tun daga gine-ginen magistrate na Thornton Dial zuwa waƙoƙin da aka yi wa ado da zane-zanen Gee's Bend tun daga shekarun 1930 zuwa gaba, wannan rukunin ayyuka na ban mamaki yana ba da gudummawa sosai ga wakilcin gidan kayan tarihi na ayyukan da masu fasaha na Amurka na zamani suka yi kuma yana ƙara yawan mallakar fasahar zamani a tarihi." 

## Rubutu
Yayin da tarin fasahar Baƙar fata ta Arnett ke ƙaruwa, ya gamsu cewa waɗanda ake kira masu fasaha na al'adu ko na waje na Kudancin Amurka baƙar fata ƙungiya ce mai haɗin kai ta al'adu kuma ta zama muhimmin babi a cikin fasahar duniya.  Ya shafe shekaru yana tattara takardu masu yawa tare da tattara tarin ayyuka masu mahimmanci don fahimtar wannan al'adar. 

A shekara ta 2000, a ƙoƙarin gabatar da fasahar baƙar fata ta kudanci ga masu sauraro da yawa, Arnett ya kafa Tinwood Books;  shekara guda bayan ƙaddamar da shirin wallafe-wallafensa, Jane Fonda ta zama mai mallakar kamfanin da kashi 50%.  A ƙarƙashin alamar Tinwood, Arnett ya yi gyara tare da ɗansa Paul Arnett, *Souls Grown Deep: African American Vernacular Art of the South*, wani babban littafi wanda ya ƙunshi zane-zane sama da 1800 kuma ya kai shafuka sama da 1000 a cikin juzu'i biyu.   An gabatar da wani baje kolin mai taken iri ɗaya a Wasannin Olympics na 1996 da aka yi a Atlanta. Bugu da ƙari, Arnett ya gyara da/ko ya rubuta wasu littattafai da yawa tare, ciki har da *Gee's Bend: The Women and Their Quilts*, *Gee's Bend: The Architecture of the Quilt*, da *Thornton Dial in the 21st Century* . 

## Manazarta