open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Harry Bakwin

**Harry Bakwin** (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga watan Nuwamba, na shekara ta 1894 - 25 ga Disamba, 1973) likitan yara ne na New York, kuma Farfesa a fannin ilimin yara a Jami'ar New York . 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife Bakwin a shekara ta 1894 ga dangin Yahudawa, kuma ya kammala karatunsa da digirin MD daga Kwalejin Likitoci da Likitocin Fida ta Jami'ar Columbia a shekara ta 1917.  A shekara ta 1925, Bakwin ya auri Ruth Morris Bakwin, magajiyar kayan nama guda biyu a Chicago, a matsayin 'yar Edward Morris, ɗan wanda ya kafa Morris &amp;amp; Company ; da Helen Swift Morris, 'yar Gustavus Swift, wanda ya kafa Swift & Company . 'Yar uwarta likitan tabin hankali ce Muriel Gardiner wacce ta auri ɗan siyasan Austria Joseph Buttinger . Shi da matarsa suna da 'ya'ya huɗu: Edward Bakwin, Michael Bakwin, Barbara Bakwin Rosenthal, da Patricia Bakwin Selch. 

## Rubutu
A matsayinsa na likitan yara, Bakwin ya rubuta labarai da yawa da suka shafi yara, galibi tare da matarsa. *Takardar Mujallar Binciken Asibiti* ta 1931 mai suna "Jiki a Jarirai" ta kwatanta yanayin jarirai marasa lafiya na waje tare da girma a cikin yara masu lafiya.  Tare da matarsa, ya rubuta rubutun likitanci da aka fi sani da shi, *Clinical Management of Behavior Disorders in Children.*  Bakwin da matarsa sun rubuta wani rubutu na farko game da matsalar magana (wanda kuma ake kira tachyphemia) a cikin 1952, shekaru kafin a yi magana game da yawan magana.  Bakwin ya lura cewa masu yawan magana na iya shawo kan matsalar magana ta ɗan lokaci lokacin da suka yi ƙoƙarin yin hakan. 

## Tarin Bakwin
Bakwin da matarsa sun fara tattara zane-zane jim kaɗan bayan aurensu, suna ƙirƙirar babban tarin zane-zane, wanda a ƙarshe aka fi sani da Bakwin Collection. Daga cikin ayyukan Van Gogh, Matisse, Cézanne, Gauguin, Modigliani, da Picasso, an tattara tarin a lokacin hutun bazara a Turai, kuma an nuna shi a gidan garin Bakwins da ke Manhattan.  Zane-zanen Van Gogh, *Madame Ginoux*, ɗaya daga cikin irin waɗannan bincike shida da kuma sigar da mai zane ya bai wa ɗan'uwansa Theo, an sayar da su a gwanjo a shekarar 2006 a Christie's, New York, akan sama da dala miliyan 40 (dala).  

## Manazarta
Wiki Loves Folklore

**Wiki Loves Folklore** ( **WLF** ) gasa ce ta daukar hoto ta duniya da ake gudanarwa kowace shekara a watan Fabrairu, kuma membobin al'ummar Wikimedia ne ke shirya ta a duk duniya tare da taimakon masu haɗin gwiwa na Wikimedia da kuma masu amfani da Wikipedia a duk faɗin duniya. Mahalarta taron suna ɗaukar hotunan al'adun gargajiya na gida da kuma gadon da ba a iya gani a yankinsu, sannan su ɗora su zuwa Wikimedia Commons . Manufar wannan taron ita ce a rubuta al'adun gargajiya a duk faɗin duniya da nufin ƙarfafa mutane su kama kafofin watsa labarai na al'adun gargajiya na gida, da kuma sanya su ƙarƙashin lasisi kyauta wanda daga nan kowa zai iya sake amfani da shi ba kawai a Wikipedia ba har ma a ko'ina.  
## Nassoshi
Susan Chomba

Susan Chomba masanin kimiyya ce kuma mai kula da muhalli a Kenya. Ita darakta ce a Cibiyar Kula da Harkokin Duniya .

## Tarihin rayuwa
Chomba ta girma cikin talauci a Kirinyaga County .  Kakarta ce ta yi renon Chomba sosai yayin da mahaifiyarta, iyaye marasa aure, ke aiki koyaushe. Mahaifiyar Chomba ta shuka capsicum da wake na Faransa a kan wani karamin fili na ƙasar mallakar kawun da ya kafa kuma ya kirkiro hadin gwiwar noma.

Lokacin da Chomba ke da shekaru tara, makarantar kwana ta gida ta ƙi ta saboda talaucinta, don haka ta halarci wata a yammacin Kenya. Lokacin da mahaifiyarta ba ta iya tura ta can ba, Chomba ta koma Kirinyaga don halartar makarantar sakandare ta lardin. Kowane dalibi a makarantar an ba shi wani yanki na gona. Chomba ta yi gwaji tare da noma na kwayoyin halitta, shuka kabewa don tsayayya da yanayin sanyi.

Kodayake Chomba ta yi fatan yin karatun doka ko tattalin arzikin noma, an sanya ta a cikin darasi na gandun daji a Jami'ar Moi .  A shekara ta uku, lokacin da take karatun agroforestry, ta sami kiranta.

Chomba ta shiga Cibiyar Nazarin Kasa da Kasa a cikin Agroforestry, inda ta sake farfado da Afirka, shirin sabunta ƙasa na kasashe takwas wanda ya dawo da hekta miliyan ɗaya na ƙasar da ta lalace a Afirka.

Chomba ya kasance memba na rukuni na farko da ya kammala karatu tare da digiri na biyu na Turai a cikin gandun daji mai ɗorewa daga Jami'ar Bangor da Jami'ar Copenhagen . Ta kammala aikin gona a Tanzania.  Ta ci gaba da samun digirinta na PhD a cikin kula da gandun daji a Jami'ar Copenhagen.

A cikin 2021, Chomba ta shiga Cibiyar Kula da albarkatun duniya a matsayin Darakta na Muhimman Yanayi don Afirka, inda take jagorantar aikinsu a kan "Forests, Food systems and People".  Ita ma jakada ce ta duniya don Race to Zero da Race to Resilience a karkashin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya High Level Champions for Climate Action. 

## Kyaututtuka

* Kyautar Peter Henry Forestry Postgraduate, mai karɓa na farko, Jami'ar Bangor
* 2016: Mata 16 Maido da Duniya, Taron Yanayi na Duniya 
* 2022: Mata 25 da ke tsara yanayin yanayi a duniya, Greenbiz 
* 2023: Mata 100 (BBC) , wanda ke nuna mata 100 masu ban sha'awa da tasiri daga ko'ina cikin duniya.

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Titin Voukourestiou

**Hanyar Voukourestiou** (Girkanci: Οδός Βουκουρεστίου, Odos Voukourest) ansaya sunan bayan Yarjejeniyar Bucharest ta 1913, wacce ta kawo karshen Yaƙin Balkan na Biyu, wata hanya ce mai ƙanƙanta a cikin gundumar Kolonaki ta Athens da aka sani da manyan shagunanta. A cikin shekarun 1950, titin ya zama sananne ga kayan gargajiya na Turai da Amurka a babban birnin Girka da kuma shagunan zinariya da kayan ado. Gudun daga Stadiou Street zuwa gangaren Dutsen Lycabettus, titin ya nuna siyayya mai ban sha'awa a Girka na tsararraki.

Titin Voukourestiou yana ɗaya daga cikin tituna huɗu (sauran su ne titin Stadiou, titin Amerikis da titin Panepistimou) wanda ya haɗa da babban ginin tsohon Asusun Masu Hannun Jari na Sojoji. Yanzu ginin yana ɗauke da Shagon Sashen Attica da hedikwatar Bankin Piraeus. Daga cikin wasu, akwai wurin shakatawa, gidajen wasan kwaikwayo uku da gidajen kofi uku da gidajen cin abinci, ɗaya daga cikinsu shine sanannen cafe Zonars. Ginin yana da wani babban filin wasa wanda ya haɗa titunan Voukourestiou da Amerikis. Wannan tubalin - wanda aka fi sani da Athens City Link kwanan nan - yana ɗauke da mafi yawan manyan shagunan sayar da kayayyaki a tsakiyar Athens.
Milka Chepkorir

**Milka Chepkorir** (an haife ta ne  a shekarar 1990) ta kasance masanin ilimin ɗan adam ne, Kuma mai fafutukar yanayi da haƙƙin ɗan adam. An kara saninta ne da gwagwarmayarta lokacin da ta zama wakiliyar Sengwer People waɗanda ke zaune a kusa da Embobut da Kapolet Forest don kare hakko kin su bayan da Kenya Forest Service (KFS) ta kore su da karfi.

## Tarihinta da ilimi
Chepkorir ta kasance yar cikin mutanen Sengwer ne daga gandun daji na Kapolet dake Kenya .  Tana zaune ne a Garin  Kitale, Kenya .  Ta sami digirinta  na farko a fannin Anthropology daga Jami'ar Maseno .  Wanda a halin yanzu, tana karatun digirin ta na biyu wato Masters a cikin Nazarin Jima'i da Ci Gaban a Jami'ar Nairobi dake Kenya a karkashin tallafin wata kungiya me Suna JHW. 

## Yunkurinta da fafutuka
Ta fara fafutukar ne lokacin da take makarantar sakandare. an kara saninta da gwagwarmayarta lokacin da ta zama ɗaya daga cikin 'yan uwa a Cikin Ofishin Kare Hakkin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a cikin shekarar 2016 . 

A hanyar wannan zumunci ne, ta halarci taron dindindin na Karo 16 na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan batutuwan 'yan asalin ƙasar a kawar New York kuma ta ba da rahoton rashin aiwatarwa kan haƙƙin' yan asalin ƙasar ta Majalisar Dinkinobho ta hanyar wakiltar Shirin Mutanen daji, Adalci na Halitta da sauran kungiyoyi 20. Ta kuma ba da gudummawa Akan keta doka na kumgiyar  KFS inda suka ƙone gidaje 90 na mutanen a garin Sengwer wanda ya fara ne lokacin da Tarayyar Turai da bankin Duniya ne ke tallafa musu.

Ta dawo ne a taron na 17th United Nation Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues a shekarar 2018 kuma ta ba da rahoton yadda aka yi wa Hukumar Kula da dazuzzuka ta kasar  Kenya ta hanyar fitar da mutanen Sengwer daga Cikin ƙasar kakanninsu. Mutanen Sengwer sun fuskanci haɗere-haɗere  na korar da aka Musu Wanda ta haifar da Tsaro na Hasumiyar Ruwa da Shirye-shiryen Ragewa da Canjin Yanayi wanda Tarayyar Turai ta tallafawa. KFS da kuma bayanin Chepkorir sun yi wannan fitarwa ta tilasta:"Sun ɗauki wani yaro mai shekaru shida kacal suka tafi gidaje masu cin wuta tare da shi bayan mahaifiyarsa ta gudu. Sun bar shi a cikin daji da dare shi kaɗai".Bayan samu rohoto Akan haka ,EU ta katse aikin 

## Ayyukanta
A halin yanzu, tana aiki a matsayin mai tsara ayyukan Community Land Action NOW!  (CLAN), ta kuma kasance Mai Gudanarwa don Tsaro Yankunan Rayuwa, kuma ta na matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Asusun Agroecology.

## Manazarta
Eliane Ubalijoro

Eliane Ubalijoro masanin kimiyya ce kuma mai zartarwa ta Rwanda-Kanada . Ta ƙware a Ci gaba mai ɗorewa da Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na duniya.[1]

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haife ta ne a Rwanda a shekara ta 1972.  Ta sami PHD a cikin Molecular Genetics daga Jami'ar McGill .  Tana da asali a fannin Aikin noma da Kwayoyin Kwayoyin Kwayar halitta.

## Ayyuka
Ubalijoro yana aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin dazuzzuka ta Duniya da Agroforestry na Duniya (CIFOR-ICRAF), yana magance kalubalen muhalli, tsaron abinci a duk duniya da juriyar yanayi.  Ubalijoro ita ce mace ta farko ta Afirka Darakta na Cibiyar Bincike ta CGIAR .  Ta kasance Babban Darakta na Ci gaba a cikin Digital Age da kuma Darakta Cibiyar Kanada don Duniya ta gaba daga 2021 zuwa Maris 2023. A cikin wani kamfani na biotechnology na Montreal, ta kasance darektan kimiyya. Ubalijoro ya kuma gudanar da wasu ayyukan shawarwari a Haiti da Afirka dangane da ci gaban tattalin arziki mai dorewa. Har ila yau mai ba da shawara ga The Innovation Partnership (TIP). 

Eliane Ubalijoro ta kasance Farfesa a fannin aiki don haɗin gwiwar jama'a da masu zaman kansu a Cibiyar Nazarin Ci gaban Duniya ta Jami'ar McGill tun shekara ta 2008.  Tana aiki a Gates Foundation Grand Challenges in Global Health Phase 2 project a matsayin Project Manager. Ta kasance a baya Mataimakin Farfesa a Kwalejin Aikin Gona da Kimiyya ta Muhalli a McGill . 

A watan Satumbar 2019 ta shiga Global Open Data in Agriculture (GODAN) inda ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Darakta na Shirye-shiryen.

### Shahararrun membobin

* Global Alliance for a Sustainable Planet (memba na kwamitin ba da shawara na tasiri) 
* Majalisar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kasa ta Rwanda (memba) 
* Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na Shugaban Rwanda Paul Kagame (memba tun 2007) 
* Kungiyar Bincike ta Kwararru kan Sakamakon COVID-19 don Binciken Genomics (memba) 
* Kwararren Kwararren Al'ummar Duniya na Bankin Raya Afirka kan Shirye-shiryen Amsa na COVID-19 (memba) 
* Kwamitin Kula da hadin gwiwar Capitals (memba) 
* Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na Shirin Jagorancin Duniya (memba) 
* Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na ShEquity da Kamfanin Zuba Jari na Orango (memba) 
* Kwamitin Genome Canada da Crop Trust (memba) 
* FemStep (memba) 

## Ayyuka masu ban sha'awa
Ita ce Babban Darakta kuma Wanda ta kafa C.L.E.A.R International Development Inc., 

## Sanarwa
Ta sami lambar yabo ta Ƙungiyar Jagoranci ta Duniya ta 2022 don kyakkyawan aiki a cikin mata da jagoranci. An kuma nada ta a matsayin abokiyar Majalisar Kimiyya ta Duniya don girmama gudummawar da ta bayar don inganta kimiyya a matsayin amfanin jama'a na duniya.

## Littattafan da aka zaɓa

* 
* 

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Michelle Randolph

**Michelle Randolph** (an haife ta a ranar 11 ga Satumba, 1997) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka wacce ta buga Elizabeth Strafford a *1923* (2022-25) da Ainsley Norris a *Landman* (2024-yanzu).

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Randolph a ranar 11 ga Satumba, 1997, tsakiyar yara uku. Babbar 'yar uwarta Cassie Randolph 'yar wasan talabijin ce wacce ta lashe kakar 23 ta *[[The Bachelor (American TV series) season 23|The Bachelor]]* . Randolph ta girma a Walnut Creek, California, kafin ta koma Huntington Beach, California, lokacin da take da shekaru 16. Ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Jihar Arizona a 2023 tare da digiri a Fim da Nazarin Media . 

## Ayyuka
Randolph ya sanya hannu tare da Wilhelmina Models a cikin 2016.Landman Star Michelle Randolph Has a Shocking ‘Bachelor’ Connectionquot;},quot;urlquot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;;quot;},quot;languagequot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;en-USquot;},quot;firstquot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;Corinnequot;},quot;lastquot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;Sullivanquot;}},quot;iquot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwsQ\">nbsp;.  2025."}}" id="cite_ref-5" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Michelle_Randolph#cite_note-5 [1] Bayan jerin fina-finai masu ƙarancin kuɗi, Randolph ta taka rawar gani a 2022 a matsayin Elizabeth Stafford a cikin jerin Taylor Sheridan *1923.* A shekara ta 2024, ta fito a cikin Landman (wani wasan kwaikwayon da Sheridan ya kirkira) a matsayin Ainsley Norris, 'yar Billy Bob Thornton Tommy Norris.

## Hotunan fina-finai

An haifi Randolph a ranar 11 ga Satumba, 1997, tsakiyar yara uku. Babbar 'yar uwarta Cassie Randolph 'yar wasan talabijin ce wacce ta lashe kakar 23 ta *[[The Bachelor (American TV series) season 23|The Bachelor]]* . Randolph ta girma a Walnut Creek, California, kafin ta koma Huntington Beach, California, lokacin da take da shekaru 16. Ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Jihar Arizona a 2023 tare da digiri a Fim da Nazarin Media .
June Holst-Roness

Yuni Bernice Matilda Holst-Roness (10 ga Yuni, 1929 - 14 ga Fabrairu, 2008) tsohon magajin gari ne na Freetown, Saliyo a karkashin gwamnatin APC ta Siaka Stevens . Yuni Holst-Roness ita ce mace ta biyu a matsayin Magajin garin Freetown . A lokacin mulkinta birnin ya kasance tagwaye da Hull, Ingila.

## Tarihi
An haifi Dr. June Holst-Roness ga Adjuah Spaine . Ta yi karatun likitanci a Jami'ar St. Andrews a Scotland kuma a can ne ta sadu da mijinta dalibi ne na Norway, Rolv Holst-Roness .

Yuni tana da kyakkyawan aiki a matsayin babban likitan mata da likitan haihuwa, tana ɗaya daga cikin mata baƙar fata na farko da aka gayyace su ziyarci China kuma tana da makarantar da ake kira bayan ta, Makarantar Municipal ta Dr. June Holst Roness, saboda gudummawar da ta bayar a matsayin Magajin gari da kuma likita.

## Tushen

* http://news.sl/drwebsite/publish/article_20057723.shtml 
* http://cocorioko.net/app/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=435&Itemid=1
* http://www.peepsierraleone.com/news/templates/article.asp?articleid=158&zoneid=7 
* http://www.fssgukbranch.com/portfolio/mayor-june-holst-roness/
Dewmaine, Illinois

**Dewmaine** wata al’umma ce ta Baƙar fata ‘yan Amurka wadda ba a yi mata rajista a hukumance ba, kuma tana da alaƙa da aikin hako kwal, a cikin gundumar Williamson, jihar Illinois. A yau, yankin kusan babu mazauna, yawancinsa ƙasa ce babu kowa, duk da haka yanzu yana kan iyakar arewacin garin Carterville. Sunan “Dewmaine” haɗuwa ce ta sunan Admiral Dewey da jirgin ruwan yaƙi USS *Maine* daga Yaƙin Spain da Amurka.

An kafa ofishin gidan waya a Dewmaine a cikin 1901, kuma ya ci gaba da aiki har zuwa 1931.  Yanzu ofishin gidan waya na Carterville ne ke aiki da shi. Kimanin yawan jama'a a shekara ta 1958 ya kai 50.

Akwai makaranta, majami'u biyu, da shagunan da yawa a garin. An bude makarantar daga 1910-1929. 

Dewmaine yana da nisan mil a arewacin Carterville a kan Carterville - Colp Road .

## Ma'adinai na kwal
Samuel T. Brush wanda ya kafa birnin Carbondale kuma mai mallakar St. Louis da Big Muddy Coal Company ya buɗe Captain Brush Mine a garin a cikin 1890. 

An kafa ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Haƙar Ma'adinai ta Amurka a shekarar 1890, amma farashin kwal ya faɗi. Masu aikin haƙar ma'adinai a yankin sun rage albashi ƙasa da farashin kwal, wanda ya haifar da yajin aikin ƙungiyoyi. A shekarar 1897, ƙungiyar ƙasa ta ƙara ƙarfi kuma tana da membobi sama da 50,000. Ƙungiyar ta shirya a ma'adinan Dewmaine a shekarar 1898, kuma a watan Afrilu na wannan shekarar, ƙungiyar ta jagoranci yajin aikin saboda ƙarancin albashi.

Wani yajin aiki a cikin 1898 ya jagoranci Brush ya dauki ma'aikatan ma'adinai na Afirka daga Virginia da Sweetwater, Tennessee  don yin aiki a cikin ma'adinin. 
,

A shekara ta 1897, ma'adinin Dewmaine ya zama babban ma'adinai mai samar da kwal a jihar Illinois. Bayan haka, samarwa ya sauka kuma ya ci gaba da yin hakan. Brush ya sayar da Kamfanin St. Louis da Big Muddy Coal Company ga Kamfanin Madison Coal a cikin 1905 kuma an sake sunan ma'adinin Madison # 8 a cikin 1906. Sabon kamfanin ya amince da ƙungiyar. An ba masu hakar ma'adinai na Afirka-Amurka damar ci gaba da ayyukansu bisa tanadin cewa sun shiga kungiyar.

An rufe ma'adinin Madison # 8 a 1923.

Baya ga 'yan Afirka na Afirka, yawancin baƙi na Turai sun yi aiki da ma'adinin ciki har da Polish, Russians, Czechoslovakians, da Rusyns.

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Raeesah Noor-Mahomed

**Raeesah Noor-Mahomed** ta kasance yar  gwagwarmayar kare yanayi ne na kasar  Afirka ta Kudu wanda ke zaune a kasar  Cape. Wanda ita ce ta kafa kungiyar mai Suna wato matakin canji (Stage for Change).

Town
## Tarihin rayuwa
A farkon shekarar 2020 ne, ayyukan Greta Thunberg da barazanar gobarar daji na kasar Australiya ta kawo suka yi mata wahayi. A matsayinta na daliba mai shekaru 17 a Makarantar 'yan mata ta Parktown, ta shiga Extinction Rebellion da kuma Yunkurin Jumma'a don A gaba, tana zanga-zanga a waje da Majalisar Dokokin Gauteng.

A kuma watan Nuwambar shekarar ta 2021, ta ba da tallafi don shiga cikin zanga-zangar a filin shakatawa na Glasgow a waje da Taron Canjin Yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na shekarar 2021.   Masu gwagwarmayar suna neman kulawar kafofin watsa labarai ga masu gwagwarmaya daga yankuna da al'ummomin da ke fama da mummunan sakamako na canjin yanayi, watau Mafi yawan Mutanen da Yankunan da suka shafi (MAPA).  Thunberg ta tsaya kusa da Noor-Mahomed amma ta ba da kyamarori ga masu gwagwarmayar MAPA maimakon samar da tambayoyi a kanta.

Raeesah Noor-Mahomed tayi  jayayya game da gwagwarmayar rikice-rikice, wanda ta danganta da canjin yanayi da mulkin mallaka, wariyar launin fata da Adalci na yanayi.

## Inda Aka samu Bayanan da aka ambata
Patricia Kombo

**Patricia Kombo** 'yar gwagwarmayar yanayi ce a kasar Kenya .  Wanda Aka fi saninta da shirye-shiryen na dasa bishiyoyi, a matsayin wani ɓangare na kungiyar PaTree Initiative mai zaman kanta.   Wanda shiri ne na dasa yayan itatuwa sama da 10,000 Wanda an fara ne tun daga shekarar 2020. Domin  wannan aikin, an sanya wa Kombo suna Yarjejiyar  Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don Yaki da Jarumta .

## Rayuwan ta na farko da aiki
A cikin shekarar 2022, ta kalubalanci shugabannin duniya a lokacin bude taron taron jam'iyyun zuwa Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don Yaki da hamada a kasar Côte d'Ivoire . 

## Manazarta
Charlot Magayi

Charlot Magayi (an haife ta a shekara ta 1993) ƴar Kenya ce mai tsara murhu, mai fafutukar yanayi kuma wacce ta lashe Kyautar Earthshot a shekarar 2022. Ita da kamfaninta Mukuru Stoves an ba su kyautar fam miliyan daya. Nasararta ta sa William, Yarima na Wales ya kira ta "Sarauniyar Afirka".

## Rayuwa
Magayi ta girma ne a cikin unguwanni na Mukuru a Nairobi. Ta zama maraya lokacin da take da shekaru goma. Lokacin da take da shekaru goma sha shida kuma har yanzu tana makaranta, ta haifi 'yarta. Dole ne ta bar makaranta don samun abin rayuwa ga ita da 'yarta kuma ta fara sayar da gawayi wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin gida don dafa abinci. Hayakin da ke fitowa daga gawayi ya shafi ita da 'yarta, kuma suna da cututtukan numfashi akai-akai. An ƙone 'yar Magayi da murhun gawayi lokacin da take 'yar shekara biyu. Magayi ya koma makarantar manya kuma ya koyi game da kimiyya na man fetur da gurbatawa. An kiyasta cewa ana amfani da gawayi da itace don dafa abinci ta mutane miliyan 950 a yankin Saharar Afirka (c. 2022) kuma a cikin shekaru 30 adadin na iya zama biliyan 1.6. Wadannan tushe suna gurɓata sosai.

Magayi ta kafa Mukuru Stoves a cikin 2017 wanda ta sanya masa suna bayan ƙauyen da suke zaune. Gidan da ta tsara yana siyarwa don $ 10, kuma yana rage gurɓata zuwa 10% idan aka kwatanta da dafa abinci na gargajiya kuma yana amfani da ƙaramin gawayi.

A cikin 2018, ta lashe SDGs da lambar yabo da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta shirya. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin masu cin nasara biyu; ɗayan kuma kamfanin Tanzaniya ne WomenChoice Industries wanda Lucy Odiwa ke mallakar.

A ranar 2 ga Disamba 2022 an sanar da ita a matsayin daya daga cikin masu cin nasara biyar na Kyautar Earthshot, wanda ya ba ta £ 1m don bunkasa ra'ayinta da rage hayaki daga dafa abinci. Gidan da take da shi yana ƙone biomass amma ta ce tana shirin ƙirƙirar ingantaccen samfurin wanda za a iya amfani da shi ta hanyar ethanol.

Magayi da kamfaninta ba su ne kawai 'yan Kenya da ke da hannu tare da Kyautar Earthshot ba; wani mai nasara shine kamfanin Roam na Sweden tare da motar lantarki mai *Tsabtace Iska* wanda ke da alaƙa da Kenya.

A cikin 2024 William, Yarima na Wales, ya ba da ambaton na musamman ga Magayi yana kiranta "Sarauniyar Afirka" saboda tasirin da ta yi a rayuwar matalautan Afirka miliyan biyu.

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Nu Indi

**Nu Indi** tauraruwa na kudancin tauraron Indus . Tare da girman gani na +5.278, ana iya ganinsa da ido a cikin isasshen sararin samaniya. Dangane da  ma'aunin parallax, tauraron yana da shekaru 92.8 daga nesa. 

## Halaye
Gidan wannan tauraron ya dace da rarrabuwa na G9V Fe-3.1CH-1.5,  tare da bayanin G9V wanda ke ba da shawarar cewa tauraron jerin G ne na ƙarshen. Koyaya, a zahiri ƙarami ne,    tauraron da ke gudana daga hydrogen a cikin ainihinsa kuma yana fadada girmansa. "Fe-3.1CH-1.5" ya nuna rashin yawa na methylidyne radical da baƙin ƙarfe. Tauraron yana da yawan abubuwa masu yawa, wato, abubuwa masu nauyi fiye da carbon da aka samar ta hanyar halayen nukiliya da suka shafi helium. Alamun ƙarfe suna rarraba shi a matsayin tauraron Population II . 

Nu Indi ta kasance abin nazari a fannin asteroseismology saboda tana nuna solar-like oscillations (rawar jiki irin ta Rana). Ita ce tauraro na farko mai ƙarancin ƙarfe (metal-poor star) da aka yi amfani da asteroseismology a kansa. Ta hanyar wannan hanya, an auna nauyinta da shekarunta inda aka samu nauyinta kusan 0.85 na nauyin Rana, sannan shekarunta kusan biliyan 11.

A matsayinta na subgiant, ta faɗaɗa girma kuma ta ƙara haske. A halin yanzu, radius ɗinta ya kai kusan sau uku na na Rana, kuma hasken da take fitarwa (luminosity) ya kai sau 6.3 na na Rana. Zafin jikinta (effective temperature) ya kai 5,318 K, wanda ke ba ta launin rawaya irin na taurarin G-type.

Yana da ɗan asalin galactic halo wanda a halin yanzu ke ƙetare galactic disk. Tsarin orbital yana da ɗan girma, a 0.60. Ya kai mafi ƙarancin nisa shekaru-haske 8,000 daga Cibiyar Galactic, kuma nisansa da ke da alaƙa da jirgin galactic bai wuce 4,900 ly ba. Ba ta cikin wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar taurari ko ƙungiyar motsi.&nbsp;

Nu Indi an taɓa tunanin tauraruwa ce ta binary wacce abubuwan da ke ciki suna da nau'ikan nau'ikan A3V da F9V, amma wannan da'awar tun lokacin an karyata ta. Koyaya, akwai shaidar cewa yana iya zama binary na astrometric.

## Bayanan da aka ambata
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Võ Minh Trọng

**Võ Minh Trọng** (an haife shi 24 Oktoba 2001) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Vietnam wanda ke taka leda a matsayin baya na hagu don ƙungiyar V.League 1 Công An Hồ Chí Minh City da ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Vietnam.

## Farkon aiki
Võ Minh Trọng ya fara buga kwallon kafa ne kawai yana da shekaru 16 lokacin da ya shiga kungiyar matasa ta Đồng Tháp a shekarar 2017.  A cikin 2020, ya sami haramtacciyar watanni shida daga ayyukan kwallon kafa na duniya daga FIFA kan gyaran wasan a lokacin gasar U21 ta kasa.

## Ayyukan kulob din
A shekarar 2022, an ba Minh Trọng aro ga ƙungiyar V.League 2 Phú Thọ, inda ya buga wasanni 18 cikin 22 da zai yiwu a gasar a kakar wasa ta 2022.

A kakar wasa ta 2023, Minh Trọng ya buga wa Đồng Tháp wasa a rukuni na biyu na Vietnam. Ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta kare a matsayi na farko a rukuninsu, kuma daga baya ya ba da gudummawa a nasarar da Đồng Tháp ta samu a wasan share fage da SHB Da Nang Youth yayin da ƙungiyar ta samu shiga gasar V.League 2.

A ranar 6 ga Oktoba 2023, Minh Trọng ya shiga kungiyar V.League 1 ta Becamex Bình Dương a kan kudin canja wurin da ba a bayyana ba.

A ranar 3 ga watan Janairun 2025, an tura Minh Trọng zuwa V.League 1 ɗan'uwan Công An Hồ Chí Minh City . 

## Ayyukan kasa da kasa
Minh Trọng an haɗa shi a cikin tawagar farko ta Vietnam 'yan kasa da shekaru 23 don gasar zakarun AFF U-23 ta 2022. Bai yi wani bayyanar ba a lokacin gasar bayan an gwada shi da COVID-19.  Abokan aikinsa daga baya sun sami taken ta hanyar kayar da Thailand a wasan karshe.

A watan Afrilun 2023, kocin tawagar 'yan kasa da shekara 22 ta Vietnam Philippe Troussier ya nada Minh Trọng a cikin tawagar 'yan wasa 20 na kungiyar kwallon kafa ta U22 ta Vietnam da za su fafata a gasar SEA ta 2023.

A watan Janairun 2024, an sanya masa suna a cikin tawagar maza 26 ta Vietnam don gasar cin Kofin Asiya na AFC na 2023. 

## Kididdigar aiki

### Kasashen Duniya

## Daraja
**Đồng Tháp Matasa**

* Gasar kwallon kafa ta kasa ta U-19 ta Vietnam: 2018

**Vietnam U23**

* Gasar cin kofin U-23 ta AFF: 2022
* Medal na tagulla na Wasannin SEA: 2023

## Bayanan da aka ambata

## Haɗin waje

*
Bako Kontagora Stadium

**filin wasa na Bako Kontagora**, wanda aka fi sani da Filin wasa na Minna Township, filin wasa ne mai amfani da yawa a Minna, Najeriya. A halin yanzu ana amfani dashi galibi don wasannin kwallon kafa. Gidan ne na Guguwar Nijar. A cikin 2017-18 edition na NPFL, Nijar Tornadoes ta jawo matsakaicin halartar gida na 4,300 a filin wasa na Bako Kontagora.

Jihar Nijar tana ɗaya cikin matakan tsara yadda za a faɗaɗa ɗaukar nauyin filin wasa na Bako Kontagora zuwa 30,000  duk da haka, tunda filin wasan yana tsakiyar gari da gidaje da aka gina a duka bangarorin filin wasan, babu isasshen sarari don faɗaɗawa.

## Bayanan da aka ambata
De jure

A cikin doka da gwamnati, ***de jure*** (/deɪ ˈdʒʊəri, di -, - ˈjʊər-/;  [deː ˈjuːre]; lit. ) ya bayyana ayyukan da aka amince da su ta hanyar dokoki da wasu ka'idoji na al'ada, ba tare da la'akari da ko aikin ya wanzu a zahiri ba. Sau da yawa ana amfani da wannan magana ta bambanta da *[[de facto]]* ('daga gaskiya'), wanda ke bayyana yanayin da ke cikin gaskiyar, koda kuwa ba a gane shi ba.

## Ma'anar
*De *jure**' kalma ce ta [[Harshen Latin|Latin]] da ta ƙunshi kalmomin de ("''daga'', na") da jure ("doka", adjectival form of jus). Don haka, yana bayyana gardamar tsari ko matsayi da aka samo daga "daga doka".  

== Amfani da shi ==

=== Shari'a da doka ta doka ===
A cikin dokar Amurka, musamman bayan Brown da Hukumar Ilimi (1954), bambanci tsakanin wariyar launin fata (wanda ya wanzu saboda ƙungiyoyin sa kai da unguwannin da ke kewaye) da wariyar launin fata (wanda ya wanzu saboda dokokin gida) ya zama muhimman bambance-bambance don dalilan gyara da kotu ta ba da umarni.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">**'&#x5D;

### Gwamnati da al'adu
Tsakanin 1805 da 1914, Daular Muhammad Ali ta Masar ta kasance ƙarƙashin ikon sarakunan Daular Ottoman, ma'ana an dauke su a ƙarƙashin mulkin Ottomans. Koyaya, a aikace, sun yi aiki a matsayin sarakuna na zahiri, saboda sun sami damar kula da babban matakin 'yancin kai a cikin mulkin su na Masar.

### Yankuna
Yankunan doka na ƙasa an bayyana su ne ta hanyar yankin da gwamnati ke da'awar, amma ba lallai ba ne ya sarrafa su. Misalan zamani sun haɗa da Taiwan (wanda China ke da'awar amma ba ta sarrafa shi ba)  da Kashmir (wanda Kasashe da yawa ke da'awa). 

## Dubi kuma
 

* Kawar da aka yi amfani da shi
* Jerin jimloli na Latin (D) 
* Rashin aiki
* Dokar da ba a tilasta ba

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Tsohon Ginin Kotun Koli ta Singapore

**Tsohon Ginin Kotun Koli Singapore** (a Malay: Tsohon Ginin Kotun Koli ta Singapore; a Malay: Bangunan Mahkamah Agung Lama; a Sinanci: 最高法院大厦) shi ne tsohon ginin da Kotun Koli ta Singapore ke amfani da shi a da. Kotun ta koma sabon gini inda ta fara aiki a ranar 20 ga Yuni, 2005.

An buɗe tsohon ginin a shekarar 1939, kuma shi ne ginin ƙarshe da aka gina da salo na gine-ginen classical architecture a tsohuwar ƙasar mulkin mallakar Birtaniya. Tare da Tsohon Ginin City Hall, an sauya amfani da tsohon ginin kotun zuwa National Gallery Singapore. Wannan katafaren ginin tarihi ya buɗe wa jama’a a shekarar 2015.

## Tarihi

A ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1937, Sir Shenton Whitelegge Thomas, Gwamna na Straits Settlements  ya kafa asalin ginin Kotun Koli.  (A lokacin shine mafi girman dutse na tushe a duk ƙasar Malaya.) An binne shi a ƙarƙashin dutse wani lokaci ne wanda ke dauke da jaridu shida na Singaporean da aka rubuta a ranar 31 ga Maris 1937, da kuma wasu tsabar kudi na Straits Settlements. Ba za a dawo da kwayar ba har zuwa shekara ta 3000.

Sir Shenton Thomas ya ayyana ginin Kotun Koli a ranar 3 ga watan Agustan 1939 kuma ya mika shi ga Babban Alkalin, Sir Percy McElwaine, a wannan rana. 

A shekara ta 1946, bayan Yaƙin Duniya na II, ginin ya kasance wurin gwajin aikata laifukan yaki na mambobin Sojojin Imperial na Japan don ayyukan a Singapore a lokacin yakin. 

Bayan kotun ta koma sabon gini, Ginin Tsohon Kotun Koli, tare da Gidan Gidan Gida na kusa, an canza shi zuwa amfani a matsayin National Gallery Singapore, wanda aka buɗe a cikin 2015.

## Gine-gine da zane

Tsohon Kotun Koli ta Singapore Frank Dorrington Ward ne ya tsara shi kuma United Engineers ne suka gina shi. An gina shi a gaban filin Padang tsakanin 1937 da 1939.

## Dubi kuma
 

* Kotun Koli, Singapore
* Tashar MRT ta City Hall

## Bayani

* . 
* Tarihin Kotun Koli

## Manazarta
Gerard Bancker

**Gerard Bancker** (wani lokacin Latin **Gerardus**, ko kuma harshen Holland **Gerrit** ) (14 ga Fabrairu 1740 a Albany, New York&nbsp;– Janairu 1799) ɗan ƙasar Amurka ne kuma ɗan siyasa.

## Rayuwa

Bancker ɗan Gerard Bancker Sr. da Maria de Peyster ne, waɗanda suka yi aure a birnin New York a shekarar 1731. Shi jikan Johannes de Peyster ne (1666–1719), Magajin Gari na 23 na Birnin New York tsakanin 1698 da 1699,  kuma jikan Johannes de Peyster, Sr., ɗan Huguenot na farko da ya zama mazaunin dangin De Peyster a Arewacin Amurka.  

An zaɓi Bancker a cikin Ƙungiyar Falsafa ta Amurka a shekara ta 1772,  kuma a shekara ta 1774, a matsayin mai binciken birni, ya yi taswirar Jirgin Ruwa na St. George a Tsibirin Nassau . 

Ya kasance Mataimakin Ma'aji daga 1776 zuwa 1778, kuma Ma'aji na Jihar New York daga 1778 zuwa 1798.

Ya tattara tarin abubuwa masu yawa daga zamanin juyin juya hali waɗanda aka sayar a gwanjo a shekarar 1898 a Philadelphia . 

## Manazarta

## Majiyoyi

* Makabartar Siyasa
* ''Jerin Jama'a na New York'' wanda Franklin Benjamin Hough ya tattara (shafi na 35; Weed, Parsons and Co., 1858) (Google Books)
The Fox and the Lion

**Fox da Zaki**   yana ɗaya daga cikin Tatsuniyoyi na Aesop kuma yana wakiltar barkwanci na ɗabi'u . Yana lamba 10 a cikin Perry Index . 

## Tatsuniyoyi
An faɗi tatsuniyar a cikin majiyoyin Girkanci na Gargajiya : 'Dila ba ta taɓa ganin zaki ba a da, don haka lokacin da ta haɗu da zaki a karon farko, sai ta mutu saboda tsoro. A karo na biyu da ta gan shi, har yanzu tana jin tsoro, amma ba kamar da ba. A karo na uku, dila ta yi ƙarfin halin zuwa wurin zaki ta yi masa magana.'

Tunda labarin ba a haɗa shi da Latin ba sai a makare, ba a haɗa shi a cikin tarin farko na tatsuniyoyi na Aesop na Turai ba.  Hieronymus Osius da Gabriele Faerno ne suka rubuta waƙoƙin Neo-Latin da suka dogara da shi a ƙarni na 16, yayin da a Ingila aka haɗa shi a cikin *Zaɓaɓɓun Alamun* Geoffrey Whitney (1586) da tarin Francis Barlow da Roger L'Estrange a ƙarshen ƙarni na 17. Yawancin waɗannan sun bi asalin asalin tatsuniyoyi na Girkanci wajen ba shi ɗabi'ar cewa sani ya shawo kan tsoro. Duk da haka, lokacin da ya bayyana a cikin littattafan alamu, ya kasance a matsayin misali na yadda abubuwa masu wahala ke zama da sauƙi tare da aiki, amma bayan bayyanarsa a cikin littafin Samuel Croxall mai suna *The Fables of Aesop* a 1722, an ba da labarin fassarar zamantakewa. A cikin dogon sharhinsa, Croxall ya lura cewa darasin da za a koya daga gare shi shine na 'matsakai biyu da za mu iya gazawa, game da ɗabi'a mai kyau ga manyanmu', wato kunya da 'rashin girman kai'.  Duk da cewa karin maganar 'Sani yana haifar da raini' bai dace da labarin ba kamar yadda yake a da, Jeffreys Taylor ya yi hakan a cikin wata waƙa ga yara daga littafinsa na *Aesop a cikin Rhyme* (1820).  A cikin wannan dila ya soki halin sanyin zaki kuma ya jefa shi cikin kogi don ya koya masa kyawawan halaye.

Labarin da ke ɗauke da shirye-shiryensa guda uku bai gabatar wa masu zane-zane da damammaki da yawa ba illa nuna dabbobin biyu suna kallon juna da kuma nuna yanayi daban-daban na motsin rai. Yiwuwar da aka samu a taron Medieval na nuna dukkan shirye-shiryen a cikin tsari mai tsari an yi amfani da shi a ƙarshen ƙarni na 15 na rubutun Girka wanda aka sani da Medici Aesop. Bayan haka dole ne mutum ya jira har sai an farfaɗo da taron a ƙarshen ƙarni na 19. A shekarar 2011, mawakin Amurka Anthony Plog ya shirya tatsuniyar don mai ba da labari, ƙaho da piano.

Wani labari mai irin wannan ɗabi'a amma kuma wani sakamako daban ya shafi raƙumi. An lasafta shi a cikin Perry Index,  yana ba da labarin yadda mutane suka firgita a farkon ganin raƙumi. Da zarar sun fahimci yanayinsa na natsuwa, duk da haka, sai suka yi masa jagora suka bar 'ya'yansu su hau shi. Wannan ma yana da tsoffin tushe na Girka kuma ba kasafai ake rubuta shi a Ingila ba sai dai ta L'Estrange da Townsend . Ivan Krylov ya rubuta wani nau'in tatsuniya da jaki, wanda da farko ƙaramin dabba ne, amma ya roƙi Jupiter ya yi masa babban dabba, kuma ya tsorata kowa har sai sun ƙara koyo game da shi, kuma yanzu ana amfani da shi don aikin ƙasƙanci.

## Manazarta
Muhammad Ijaz Ahmed Chaudhary

**Muhammad Ijaz Ahmed Chaudhary** (Urdu) ɗan siyasan Pakistan ne wanda ya kasance memba na Majalisar Dokokin Pakistan daga 2002 zuwa 2007 kuma daga Yuni 2013 zuwa 2014.

## Harkokin siyasa
An zabe shi a Majalisar Dokokin Kasa ta Pakistan a matsayin dan takarar Pakistan Muslim League (Q) (PML-Q) daga Mazabar NA-108 (M.B.Din-I)  a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2002.  Ya samu kuri'u 70,060 kuma ya ci Zafarullah Tarar, dan takarar jam'iyyar Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP). 

Ya yi takara don kujerar Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa a matsayin dan takarar Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) daga mazabar NA-108 (M.B.Din-I) a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2008, duk da haka ya kasance bai yi nasara ba kuma ya rasa kujerar ga Muhammad Tariq Tarar .  Ya samu kuri'u 67,769 kuma ya rasa kujerar ga Muhammad Tariq Tarar . 

An sake zabarsa a Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa a matsayin dan takara mai zaman kansa daga mazabar NA-108 (M.B.Din-I) a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2013. Ya samu kuri'u 85,009 kuma ya ci Mumtaz Ahmed Tarar . 

An dakatar da shi don ci gaba da aiki a ofis saboda shari'ar digiri na karya da kuma zargin smuggling na mutum kuma ta haka ne aka cire shi. A shekara ta 2017, an yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru uku a cikin shari'ar digiri na karya.

## Manazarta
Sabin Salas Punnackal

**Sabin Salas Punnackal** (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1998) ɗan kasuwa ne na Indiya kuma ƙwararren masanin fasahar bayanai. An san shi da shiga cikin fasaha, fasahar ilimi, da ayyukan da suka shafi ma'aikata da ke aiki a Indiya da duniya baki ɗaya.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Sabin Salas Punnackal a Mumbai, Maharashtra, Indiya . Ya kuma kammala digiri na farko na Fasaha (B.Tech) daga Jami'ar Mumbai . A lokacin karatunsa, ya haɓaka ƙwarewa a cikin shirye-shirye, ƙididdigar girgije, da tsaro na yanar gizo. Daga baya ya sami takardar shaidar kwararru ta Google IT .

## Ayyuka
Punnackal ya fara aikinsa a matsayin kwararren fasaha, yana aiki a kan kayan aikin girgije, DevOps atomatik, da tsarin tsaro na dijital. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin jagorancin fasaha a Spayee Labs, kamfanin fasahar ilimi wanda daga baya Unacademy ya saye shi.

Shi ne co-kafa Avodha, dandalin ci gaban ƙwarewa a Indiya. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin darektan a Try Techs, inda yake da hannu a cikin sauye-sauyen dijital na kasuwanci da ayyukan sabunta girgije. Ta hanyar Sabs Zion Group, yana kula da ayyukan da suka shafi ayyukan fasaha, tsarin ma'aikata, da takardun tafiye-tafiye a duk faɗin Indiya, Rasha, da Ingila.

Ya kuma kasance yana da alaƙa da Traveling Point Out, yana ba da gudummawa ga tallan da dabarun aiki.

## Sanarwa
Punnackal ya sami karbuwa don haɓaka ma'aikatan fasaha da tsarin takardun kuma yana riƙe da Takardar shaidar Ƙwararru ta Google IT.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Punnackal yana yin Kiristanci. Ya zuwa shekarar 2025, yana zaune a Indiya.

## Manazarta
Hindi Olympiad Foundation

**Hindi Olympiad Foundation** (HOF) ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta da ke zaune a New Delhi, Indiya. An kafa shi a cikin 2018, tushe yana aiki don inganta harshen Hindi ta hanyar shirye-shiryen ilimi da al'adu a matakin ƙasa da na duniya.

Ƙungiyar tana mai da hankali kan ƙarfafa ilmantarwa na harshe, karatu da rubutu na dijital, da kuma shiga cikin ilimi tsakanin ɗaliban makaranta, tare da jaddadawa kan ilmantarwa mai gasa fiye da tsarin karatun makaranta.

## Tarihi da manufofi
Tun lokacin da aka kafa shi, Gidauniyar Olympiad ta Hindi ta yi niyyar tallafawa ci gaba da karɓar yaren Hindi. An kuma tsara ayyukanta don samar da ɗalibai da malamai da dandamali waɗanda suka haɗu da ƙwarewar harshe, kerawa, da ci gaban ilimi.

## Shirye-shirye da shirye-shirye

## Wasannin Olympics na Hindi na Duniya
I**nternational Hindi Olympiad** ("'IHO"') jarrabawar shekara-shekara ce da tushe ke gudanarwa ga ɗalibai daga aji 1 zuwa 12. Ana gudanar da gasar Olympics a matakai uku:

* Matsayin makaranta

* Matsayin yanki

* Matsayin ƙasa da ƙasa

An yi niyyar gasar ne don tantance ƙwarewar harshen Hindi da fahimta yayin inganta shiga cikin ilimi a yankuna daban-daban.

## Amrit Kumbh Samman
**Amrit Kumbh Samman** ("'AKS"') gasa ce ta shekara-shekara da aka shirya don shugabannin makaranta da malamai. Shirin yana ba malamai dandamali don nuna aikin fasaha da kirkira.  

Ana gudanar da AKS a karkashin tsarin Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav da Amrit Kaal.

## Sanarwa
Shirye-shiryen Gidauniyar Olympiad ta Hindi sun sami amincewa daga cibiyoyin kamar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje, Ma'aikatu ta Tsaro, da hukumomin ilimi ciki har da Hukumar Kula da Ilimi ta Tsakiya (CBSE) da Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan.

## Wanda ya kafa
Gidauniyar Olympiad ta Hindi ta kafa ta **Hemlata** wanda ke aiki a matsayin wanda kuma ya kafa ta kuma mai shirya ta.

## Manazarta
Ikenga Ugochinyere

**Ugochinyere Michael Ikeagwuonu**  , wanda aka fi sani da **Ikenga Ugochinyere**, lauya ne Na Najeriya, ɗan siyasa, kuma ɗan majalisa. A halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin memba wanda ke wakiltar Majalisa ta Tarayya ta Ideato a Majalisar Wakilai.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Ikenga Ugochinyere a ranar 3 ga watan Agusta 1982. 

## Harkokin siyasa
A cikin 2022, Ikenga Ugochinyere ya yi takara a Majalisar Wakilai a karkashin dandalin Jam'iyyar Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). An zabe shi ya wakilci Mazabar Tarayya ta Ideato a Majalisar Wakilai a 2023, inda ya kayar da abokan hamayyarsa mafi kusa, Mista Chigozie na Jam'iyyar Labour da Mista Abazu Chika Benson na All Progressive Congress (APC). Daga baya aka nada shi a matsayin shugaban Kwamitin Majalisar kan albarkatun man fetur da Downstream.

## Kalubale na shari'a da nasara
A ranar 10 ga watan Satumbar 2023, Kotun Shari'a ta Kasa da Majalisar Dokoki ta Jihar Imo da ke zaune a Mararraba, Jihar Nassarawa, ta yanke hukuncin cewa Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a (PDP) ba ta zabi Ikenga Ugochinyere yadda ya kamata ba kuma ta ba da umarnin ƙarin zabe tsakanin 'yan takarar All Progressives Congress da Labour Party.

Da yake bai gamsu da wannan hukuncin ba, Ikenga Ugochinyere ya yi kira ga Kotun daukaka kara a Legas, wanda a ranar 8 ga Nuwamba 2023 ya tabbatar da zabensa kuma ya ware hukuncin kotun. Kotun daukaka kara ta yanke hukuncin cewa karar ta kasance batun kafin zabe, tana jaddada cewa kotun ba ta da iko a cikin batutuwan kafin zabe.

## Sauran matsayi
Kafin aikinsa na yanzu, Ikenga Ugochinyere ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Musamman ga tsohon Shugaban Majalisar Dattijai Sanata Bukola Saraki kuma a matsayin tsohon Shugaban Majalisar Matasa ta Kasa ta Najeriya. Ya kuma rike mukamin mai magana da yawun taron jam'iyyun siyasa na United (CUPP) a jihar Imo. [yanawa da ake buƙata] &#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Manazarta
Clipper

***Jaridar Clipper*** jarida ce ta mako-mako da ke mayar da hankali kan aiki wadda ake bugawa a Hobart, Tasmania, daga 8 ga Afrilu 1893 zuwa 25 ga Disamba 1909,  kafin haɗewarta da jaridar *Daily Post* a 1910.  

## Tarihi
James Paton, mamallaki kuma edita, da Gerald Tempest Massey, firinta da mawallafi ne suka kafa jaridar.

A shekarar 1902, Edward Mulcahy, Ministan Filaye a gwamnatin Tasmania, ya kai ƙarar Paton da Massey bisa zargin ɓata suna, dangane da wani labarin da ke zargin rashin da'a wajen bayar da kwangila ga tashar ruwan guguwar Strahan. [1] Paton ya tafi Yammacin Ostiraliya, kuma Massey ya kafa The Critic

Walter Alan Woods ya zama edita kuma mai wani ɓangare a cikin 1903, har sai da jaridar ta haɗu da *Daily Post* a 1910. 

An mayar da wannan takarda ta hanyar dijital a matsayin wani ɓangare na Aikin Dijital na Jaridun Australiya ta Laburare na Ƙasa na Australiya .

## Duba kuma

* Jerin jaridu a Ostiraliya

## Manazarta
Zacch Adedeji

**Zacch Adelabu Adedeji** (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1978)  masanin lissafin kuɗi ne na Najeriya wanda a halin yanzu shi ne Babban Shugaban Hukumar Haraji ta Najeriya.  Ya kasance Kwamishinan Kudi a Jihar Oyo daga Yuni 2011 zuwa Mayu 2015. 

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Adedeji a ranar 8 ga Janairu, 1978, a Ogbomosho, Jihar Oyo .  Yana da difloma na kasa a fannin lissafi daga Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya, Ede, Jihar Osun. Daga nan sai ya sami digiri na farko na Kimiyya a cikin Gudanarwa da Lissafi a Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo (OAU) , Ile-Ife, Jihar Osun, inda ya kammala karatu tare da girmamawa ta Farko.

Adedeji ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin lissafi daga OAU . Daga baya ya halarci Makarantar Gwamnati ta Harvard Kennedy a Amurka inda ya kammala Darasi na Zartarwa a Ci gaban Tattalin Arziki .  A cikin 2023, Adedeji ya sami Dokta na Falsafa a cikin Lissafi daga Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo, Ile-Ife.

## Ayyuka
Adedeji ta fara ne da matsayin manajan a kamfanin Procter da Gamble (P&G).  Ya rike wasu mukamai a P&G, ciki har da Manajan Kudi na Kamfanin (Yammacin Afirka) da Shugaban Kudi na SAP Implementation Project.

An nada shi a matsayin Kwamishinan Kudi, Jihar Oyo ta Gwamnan Jihar Oyo na lokacin, Abiola Ajimobi daga 2011 zuwa 2015.  Daga baya aka nada shi a matsayin Babban Sakataren Majalisar Ci gaban Shuka ta Kasa (NSDC) a lokacin gwamnatin Shugaba Muhammadu Buhari .  A cikin littafin, ya kafa Cibiyar Sugar ta Najeriya.

A watan Satumbar 2023, Shugaba Bola Ahmed Tinubu ya nada shi a matsayin Babban Shugaban Hukumar Haraji ta Tarayya (FIRS), hukumar da ke da alhakin tantancewa, tattarawa, da lissafin haraji da ake tarawa ga Gwamnatin Tarayya ta Najeriya.  Kafin nadin sa a matsayin Babban Shugaban FIRS, Adedeji ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Mai ba da shawara na Musamman ga Shugaban kasa kan Haraji.

## Manazarta
Shirkat Gah

Cibiyar samar da albarkatun mata ta **Shirkat Gah**, kungiya ce ta kare hakkin mata a Pakistan wacce ke mai da hankali kan bincike, wallafe-wallafe da kuma bayar da shawarwari kan batutuwan mata.

## Tarihi
An kafa Shirkat Gah a shekarar 1975 ta hannun Najma Sadeque (yar jarida, mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam, marubuciyar muhalli) tare da wata kungiyar mata 7 masu ra'ayi iri daya.[1] An kafa Shirkat Gah a matsayin cibiyar albarkatu da wallafe-wallafe ga mata don bunkasa ci gaban tattalin arziki da zamantakewa da kuma gudanar da ayyukan bincike da wayar da kan jama'a.

Da farko, Shirkat Gah ta taimaka wa mata masu aiki ta hanyar kafa gidajen kwanan mata da cibiyoyin kula da yara. Mata membobin Shirkat Gah sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kafa Dandalin Ayyukan Mata a shekarar 1981 tare da membobin wasu ƙungiyoyin mata kamar Simorgh, Gidauniyar Aurat, Cibiyar Albarkatun Tattalin Arziki da Tattalin Arziki ta Applied (ASR) da Society for Advancement of Education (SAHE) 

## Ayyuka
Shirkat Gah ta gudanar da bincike da shirya tattaunawar manufofi kan batutuwa daban-daban da suka shafi mata  kamar zubar da ciki,  auren yara,  tasirin COVID-19 a kan mata  tashin hankali na gida.

## Shahararrun mambobi

* Zohra Yusuf (ya shiga a 1978) 
* Farida Shaheed
* Hilda Saeed
* Aisha Gazdar
* Fauzia Viqar . 

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Towering Inferno (band)

Towering Inferno wani rukuni ne na gwaji na Turanci na Richard Wolfson da Andy Saunders, sananne ne ga kundin su guda *Kaddish*, wanda ya nuna a kan The Holocaust .  An saki *Kaddish* a kan nasu TI Records a 1993, sannan kuma a duniya ta Island Records a 1995. Wolfson da Saunders sun kirkiro kiɗa, kuma mawaki na wasan kwaikwayo na Hungary   ya ba da gudummawa ga kalmomin.

Towering Inferno ta gabatar da Kaddish a birane da dama tsakanin shekarun 1994 zuwa 1999, ciki har da Vienna, Berlin, Warsaw, Budapest, Moscow da Melbourne.

An kuma watsa kai tsaye wani wasan da aka yi a London a shekarar 1995 ta BBC Radio 3.

Jaridar Daily Telegraph ta bayyana Towering Inferno a matsayin “ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo mafi asali da tayar da hankali na shekarun 1990”, sannan ta siffanta Kaddish a matsayin “abin da ya girgiza rai kuma ba za a taɓa mantawa da shi ba.”  ".

A shekara ta 1997, sun ba da gudummawa ga murfin "Metal" ga kundin haraji na Gary Numan Random .

Wolfson ya mutu a watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2005, amma Saunders, tare da Chris Cutler, Jah Wobble, Bob Drake, Dave Kerman, Glyn Perrin, Greg Skerman da sauransu, sun fara aiki a kan kundi na biyu na Towering Inferno wanda aka fara kafin mutuwar Wolfson.  An fara aikin Himmel ne a wani kade-kade na tunawa da Wolfson a shekarar 2010, wanda ya dogara ne akan waƙoƙin Saunders. An saki wani kade-kade mai tsawon mintuna 22:50 mai suna "HIMMEL", wanda aka yi rikodin shi a wani kade-kade na 2014 tare da Saunders, Cutler da sauransu, a kan CC 100 na Cutler a Japan a shekarar 2015, wanda daga baya aka haɗa shi cikin akwatinsa na Composition and Collaborations 1972-2022 (2023).

## Bayanan da aka yi

* *Kaddish* (1993, CD, Island Records)  

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Cyber Olympiad Foundation

**Cyber Olympiad Foundation** (COF) ƙungiya ce ta ilimi wacce ke gudanar da gasa ta ilimi ta ƙwamfuta ga ɗaliban makaranta. An san ta da shirya **International Cyber Olympiad**, jarrabawar shekara-shekara da ke mai da hankali kan ilimin ƙwamfuta da fasahar bayanai.

Gidauniyar ta bayyana cewa manufarta ita ce inganta ilimin na'ura mai ƙwaƙwalwa da wayar da kan jama'a game da ra'ayoyin da suka shafi yanar gizo tsakanin ɗaliban makaranta ta hanyar ƙididdigar da aka tsara.

## Gasar Olympics ta Duniya
**International Cyber Olympiad (ICO)** ana gudanar da shi a kowace shekara ga ɗalibai daga Grade 1 zuwa Grade 10. Binciken yana kimanta ilimi a fannoni kamar mahimman bayanai na kwamfuta, software da ra'ayoyin kayan aiki, shirye-shiryen asali, da wayar da kan jama'a game da tsaro.

A cewar masu shirya gasar, ana kuma gudanar da gasar Olympics ta hanyar makarantu masu halarta kuma sun haɗa da ɗalibai daga ƙasashe da yawa.

## Kasancewa
Gidauniyar Cyber Olympiad ta ba da rahoton shiga daga dubban makarantu, tare da dalibai da ke shiga daga ƙasashe sama da 56.

## Wanda ya kafa
**Anshul Vats** ne ya kafa ƙungiyar, wanda ke aiki a matsayin shugabanta. Ya fara tushe tare da manufar inganta ilimin ƙwamfuta da wayar da kan jama'a ta yanar gizo tsakanin ɗaliban makaranta.

## Manazarta