Eliane Plewman

**Éliane Sophie Plewman** (6 Disamba 1917 - 13 Satumba 1944) ta kasance wakilin Burtaniya na Babban Jami'in Ayyuka na Musamman (SOE) kuma memba ne na Resistance na Faransa da ke aiki a matsayin mai aikawa ga "MONK circuit" a Faransa da aka mamaye a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu . Manufar SOE ita ce gudanar da leken asiri, sabuntawa da bincike a kan ikon Axis, musamman Nazi Jamus a cikin Turai da aka mamaye da kuma taimakawa ƙungiyoyin adawa na gida. Gestapo ta kama Plewman, kuma daga baya SS ta kashe shi a Dachau.

## Rayuwa kafin yaƙin
An haifi Plewman Éliane Sophie Browne-Bartroli a Marseille, Faransa . 'Yar Eugene Henry Browne-Bartroli, mai ƙera Ingilishi da ke zaune a Faransa, da matarsa ta Mutanen Espanya Elisa Francesca (née Bartroli),  ta yi karatu a Ingila da Spain a Makarantar Burtaniya a Madrid . 

Lokacin da ta gama kwaleji ta koma Leicester don yin aiki ga kamfanin shigo da tufafi da masana'anta a titin Albion, ta amfani da ƙwarewarta ta harshe a Turanci, Faransanci, Mutanen Espanya da wasu Portuguese.

## Yaƙin Duniya na II

Bayan barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu a 1939, Plewman ya yi aiki a Sashen Labarai na Ofishin Jakadancin Burtaniya a Madrid da Lisbon har zuwa 1941. A shekara ta 1942, ta koma Burtaniya don yin aiki a sashen yada labarai na Mutanen Espanya na Ma'aikatar Bayanai. 

A ranar 28 ga Yulin 1942, Eliane ta auri Thomas Langford "Tom" Plewman (1911-2000) a Kensington, London. Asalinsa daga Atha a County Kildare, Ireland, kwanan nan an ba shi izini a matsayin jami'in Royal Artillery .  Gidan su yana a 14 Queen's Gate Terrace, Leicester .

### Babban Jami'in Ayyuka na Musamman
A tsakiyar watan Fabrairun 1943, Plewman ya shiga Hukumar Ayyuka ta Musamman (SOE) kuma an yarda da shi a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu 1943 don horo don aiki a matsayin "wakilin a fagen". Plewman ya sanya hannu kan Dokar Asirin Ofishin a ranar 29 ga Maris 1943 kuma a karo na biyu a ranar 19 ga Afrilu 1943 (a wannan lokacin a matsayin mataimakin mataimakin Territorial Service na biyu) kuma ya fara horo a Wanborough Manor a farkon Mayu 1943 .  Duk da siffarta mai kama da sylph da karamin firam - tana da tsayi sama da ƙafa biyar - Plewman ta ɗauki wannan horo a kusa da Inverness kamar yadda maza suka yi, tana nuna ƙuduri a kowane motsa jiki. Ta koyi yadda ake sarrafa makamai, gwagwarmaya ta hannu da hannu, dabarun sabuntawa, tsira a ɓoye, tsaro, daidaitawa, sadarwa ta rediyo. Plewman ya kuma koyi yadda za a kashe tare da - ko ba tare da - makami ba, yadda za a sarrafa fashewa da fashewa, lalata layin dogo, fashe jiragen kasa, ɗaukar sabon ainihi, ba da amsoshin kowane tambaya, ƙirƙirar abin da ya faru da kuma rufe labarin, gami da yiwuwar zama, ba tare da ba da kanta ko saba wa kanta ba. Plewman ya wuce gwaje-gwaje na tunanin mutum da jami'ai daban-daban da ke kula da kimanta 'yan takara suka saita don jami'an nan gaba, gwaje- gwaje-gaje waɗanda suka tantance ƙudurin su da ƙarfin tunani. Masu horar da ita sun bayyana ta a matsayin "mai natsuwa, mai inganci, kuma mai hankali, kuma tare da kwanciyar hankali mai ban sha'awa" da kuma "babban dukiya ga farin cikin jam'iyyar".

Bayan yunkurin da ya gaza sau biyu a daren da suka gabata saboda mummunan yanayi, Plewman ya sauka zuwa Faransa a daren 13/14 ga watan Agusta 1943 daga wani aiki na musamman Handley Page Halifax Mark II bomber na No. 161 Squadron RAF daga tsawo na kadan fiye da 1,000 feet, yana da ƙasa don kauce wa radar na Jamus. Sunan murfinta shine "Eliane Jacqueline Prunier", sunanta sune "Gaby" da "Dean", ko kuma wani lokacin "Madame Dupont". Plewman ta yi aiki ga Kyaftin Charles Milne Skepper (wanda aka fi sani da "Henri Truchot"), mai shirya da'irar Monk ta SOE, inda za ta zama mai aika saƙo a yankin Marseille, Roquebrune da St. Raphael, tana ba da hanyar sadarwa tsakanin kungiyoyin masu saboteurs da jami'an tattara bayanan sirri, mai ba da waya na Monk Arthur Steele, da sauran kungiyoyin da ke da hannu.

Manjo Janar Colin Gubbins Shugaban SOE ya rubuta a matsayin wani ɓangare na shawararsa ga lambar yabo ta Plewman: "An sauke ta a cikin Jura kuma an raba ta da'irar ta na ɗan lokaci. Maimakon kasancewa a ɓoye ta nuna gagarumin niyya kuma ta yi lambobin sadarwa da yawa da kanta waɗanda daga baya suka kasance masu daraja sosai ga da'irarta. Na tsawon watanni shida Plewman ta yi aiki a matsayin mai aikawa da kuma ba da yardar rai ga kowane haɗari ya ba da gudummawa ga yin aiki da yawa ga kafawar sabbin takardun sadarwa tsakanin ƙungiyoyin sufuri.

A wannan lokacin babban ɗan'uwan Plewman, Albert John Browne-Bartroli, yana aiki a matsayin wakilin SOE a wani ɓangare na Faransa.  Ya tsira daga yakin kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta Distinguished Service Order .   Browne-Bartroli (sunan sirri "Tiburce") ya kasance, bayan ya sami horo iri ɗaya, ya zama shugaban SOE's Ditcher circuit, wanda ke aiki a Bourgogne daga Oktoba 1943 zuwa Satumba 1944, wanda ya jagoranci har zuwa nasarar karshe ta Allies. Tiburce ya karɓi, a ranar 14 ga Yulin 1944, mafi girman saukar da makamai da aka taɓa yi wa maquis a hasken rana.

## Kamawa da ɗaurin kurkuku
An kama mai shirya Plewman Charles Skepper da wasu mutane da yawa a Marseille game da 23 Maris 1944 lokacin da Gestapo ta mamaye wani gida mai aminci. Jamusawa sun bar jami'ai a baya a cikin ɗakin don kama duk wani jami'in da ya zo gidan. Kashegari Plewman da mai ba da sabis na mara waya Arthur Steele sun zo gidan. Abokan aikinta sun dauki Plewman a matsayin mai saurin motsa jiki kuma, duk da zargin cewa gidan tsaro ya lalace, sai ta buga ƙofar ƙofa. Jamusawa biyu sun buɗe ƙofar kuma sun kama ta. An kai Plewman hedkwatar Gestapo. Bayan an yi mata tambayoyi na makonni uku ko hudu, an tura ta gidan yarin Fresnes a birnin Paris inda aka tsare wasu jami'an SOE mata bakwai. A ranar 12 ga Mayu 1944, an kai mata takwas gidan yarin Karlsruhe a Jamus.

## Kashewa
A cikin dare na 11 ga Satumba 1944, Gestapo ta tattara Éliane Plewman, Yolande Beekman da Madeleine Damerment daga kurkuku kuma ta kai su tashar jirgin kasa ta Karlsruhe a kan lokaci don kama jirgin farko zuwa Munich. Daga can sun kama jirgin kasa na gida zuwa Dachau kuma da yamma suka yi tafiya zuwa sansanin Dachau inda suka isa kusan tsakar dare. Tsakanin sa'o'i 0800 da 1000 washegari, 13 ga Satumba 1944, an ɗauke Plewman da wasu jami'an SOE guda uku (Yolande Beekman, Madeleine Damerment da Noor Inayat Khan) daga tantanin su kuma an tilasta su durƙusa biyu biyu kafin a kashe su da harbi guda ɗaya a kai ta hanyar mai kisa Wilhelm Ruppert.

Wani mutumin Gestapo mai suna Max Wassmer yana kula da jigilar fursunoni a Karlsruhe kuma ya bi mata zuwa Dachau.[1] Wani mutumin Gestapo mai suna Christian Ott ya ba da wata sanarwa ga masu binciken Amurka bayan yakin game da makomar Plewman da sahabbansa uku.[1] Ott ya kasance a Karlsruhe kuma ya ba da kansa don ya bi mata huɗu zuwa Dachau yayin da yake so ya ziyarci iyalinsa a Stuttgart a kan tafiyar dawowa.[1] Ko da yake bai kasance a wurin kisa ba, Ott ya gaya wa masu bincike abin da Wassmer ya gaya masa.

## Manazarta