Yanayin Muhalli na Botswana

**[[Botswana|Botswana]].Botswana￼￼** ƙasa ce marar iyaka da ke Kudancin Afirka, arewacin Afirka ta Kudu. Botswana tana da faɗin ƙasa , wanda    ƙasa. Botswana tana da iyakokin ƙasa na tsawon , wanda aka raba iyakokin yankin tare da Namibiya, don  ; Afirka ta Kudu  ; Zimbabwe,  da Zambiya,  . Yawancin al'ummar Botswana sun taru ne a yankin gabashin ƙasar.

Jimillar hasken rana yana da girma duk shekara duk da cewa lokacin hunturu shi ne lokacin mafi rana. Duk ƙasar tana da iska da ƙura a lokacin rani. 

## Yanayin Ƙasa
Ƙasar tana da yawa lebur zuwa ƙasa mai laushi a hankali, kodayake akwai wasu ƙasa mai tuddai, inda ake haƙar ma'adinai . Hamadar Kalahari tana tsakiya da kudu maso yamma. Okavango Delta, ɗaya daga cikin manyan tsaunin teku a duniya, yana arewa maso yamma da Makgadikgadi Pans, babban kwanon gishiri yana cikin yankin arewa ta tsakiya. An kafa Makgadikgadi a matsayin wurin zama na farko ga tsohon mutum; Wannan babban filin dausayi na yanayi ya ƙunshi manyan kwanon rufi da yawa, mafi girma shi ne Nwetwe Pan, Sua Pan da Nxai Pan.  Botswana mafi ƙasƙanci wurin hawan yana a mahaɗar kogin Limpopo da Shashe, a tsayin  . . Matsayi mafi girma shi ne Dutsen Monalanong, a . An raba ƙasar zuwa yankuna huɗu na magudanar ruwa, waɗanda wasu lokuta ba a san su ba saboda ƙarancin yanayi:

* Kogin Chobe da ke kan iyaka da yankin Caprivi na Namibiya tare da wani ƙaramin yanki mai fadama na kusa da shi wani ɓangare ne na rafin Zambezi ;
* galibin yankin arewaci da tsakiyar ƙasar wani ɓangare ne na magudanar ruwa a cikin Okavango ;
* yankin gabacin ƙasar ya faɗa cikin magudanar ruwa na Limpopo ;
* yankunan kudanci da kudu maso yamma, waɗanda suka fi bushewa, kogin Molopo ne da ke kan iyakar Afirka ta Kudu da kuma kogin Nossob ta wurin dajin Kalahari Gemsbok, kuma a fasahance wani ɓangare ne na rafin kogin Orange. Babu ɗayan waɗannan kogunan da ke gudana a kai a kai har zuwa Orange, duk da haka. (Haɗin kai na ƙarshe da aka yi rikodin shi ne a cikin shekarun 1880s. ) 

Sai dai kogin Chobe, Okavango, Boteti da Limpopo, galibin kogunan Botswana sun daina kwarara a lokacin rani da farkon damina.

## Yanayi
Botswana ba ta da daman gaske, saboda ƙarancin lokacin damina. Duk da haka, tsayin daka na ƙasar da yanayin da ke cikin nahiya ya ba ta yanayin yanayi mai zafi. Ƙasar ta yi nisa da kwararar iska mai ɗauke da danshi a mafi yawan shekara. Lokacin rani yana daga watan Afrilu zuwa watan Oktoba a kudu da watan Nuwamba a arewa inda duk da haka, yawan ruwan sama ya fi girma. Kudancin ƙasar ya fi fuskantar iska mai sanyi a lokacin hunturu (farkon Mayu zuwa ƙarshen watan Agusta) lokacin da matsakaicin yanayin zafi ya kai  . . Duk ƙasar tana da lokacin zafi mai zafi tare da matsakaicin yanayin zafi kusan  . Jimillar hasken rana yana da girma duk shekara duk da cewa lokacin hunturu shi ne lokacin mafi rana. Duk ƙasar tana da iska da ƙura a lokacin rani. 

## Ibtila'i da annoba
Botswana na fama da fari na lokaci-lokaci, kuma iskar watan Agusta na kan busowa daga yamma, ɗauke da yashi da ƙura, wanda zai iya rufewa ga gani.

## Muhalli

Al'amuran muhalli na yanzu a Botswana sune kiwo, kwararowar hamada da kasancewar ƙarancin albarkatun ruwa.

Bincike daga masana kimiyya ya gano cewa al'adar da aka saba yin kiwo da kiwo don shawo kan asarar fari a haƙiƙa yana rage ƙarancin ƙwayoyin halitta, yana sa yanayin muhalli ya zama mai rauni. Binciken gundumar ya yi hasashen cewa nan da shekara ta 2050 zagayowar fari mai laushi zai yi gajeru—watanni 18 maimakon shekaru biyu—saboda sauyin yanayi . 

## Yarjejeniyar ƙasa da ƙasa
Botswana wani ɓangare ne na yarjejeniyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa masu zuwa: Diversity, Canjin Yanayi, Hamada, Nau'o'in da ke Kare Kare, Sharar Sharar Gaggawa, Dokar Teku, Ƙungiyar Gwajin Nukiliya, Kariya na Ozone da Dausayi.

## Matsanancin maki
Wannan jerin matsananciyar wuraren Botswana ne, wuraren da ke da nisa a arewa, kudu, gabas ko yamma fiye da kowane wuri.

* Yankin Arewa - iyaka da Zambiya akan kogin Zambezi a gundumar Chobe
* Gabashin gabas - babban yanki tare da Afirka ta Kudu da Zimbabwe, Gundumar Tsakiya
* Yankin kudu - Bokspits, gundumar Kgalagadi
* Yankin Yamma - sashin yamma na kan iyaka da Namibiya *
** *bayanin kula: Botswana ba ta da maƙasudin yamma kamar yadda yankin yamma ya kasance ta 22nd meridian na longitude gabashin Greenwich.*

## Manazarta