open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Monday Market

**Kasuwar Litinin** ita ce babbar kasuwa a Maiduguri, Jihar Borno, Najeriya.

## Tarihi da Kafuwa
Kasuwar Litinin ta Maiduguri da aka kafa a farkon shekarun 1970, an kirkireshi ne don tallafawa ayyukan kasuwanci masu tasowa a Jihar Maidugiri Borno, Najeriya. Da farko yana cikin Budum, daga baya aka sake komawa kasuwar zuwa shafinta na yanzu, wanda ya zama babban cibiyar kasuwanci na arewa maso gabashin Najeriya da ƙasashe makwabta kamar Chadi, Nijar, da Kamaru. Bayan mummunar wuta a shekara ta 1979 , an sake gina kasuwar kuma a hukumance ya ba da izini a watan Agustan shekara ta 1985 ta hanyar Manjo-Janar Abubakar Waziri. Yana da kusan shaguna da wurare 20,000, yana mai da shi ɗayan manyan kasuwanni a arewacin Najeriya a lokacin. Kasuwar ta fuskanci kalubale a tsawon shekaru, gami da gobara ta lokaci-lokaci da rushewar da ta haifar da ta'addanci na Boko Haram, amma har yanzu tana da muhimmiyar cibiyar kasuwanci a cikin abinci, masana'antu, dabbobi, da sana'o'in gargajiya.

## Tattalin Arziki da Al'adu
Kasuwar Litinin tana aiki ne a matsayin muhimmiyar cibiyar al'adu a arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, tana kawo al'ummomi daban-daban kamar Kanuri, Hausa, Fulani, da Shuwa Larabawa. sanya shi muhimmin wuri don kasuwanci da bikin bambancin al'adu

## Gobara
### A shekarar 1979
Wutar Kasuwar Litinin ta 1979 ta kasance mummunar gobara da ta lalata Kasuwar Litina gaba ɗaya a Maiduguri, Najeriya. Lamarin ya haifar da sake ginawa da fadada kasuwar, wanda daga baya aka sake buɗewa a 1985 a karkashin gwamnatin Manjo-Janar Abubakar Waziri .

### A shekarar 2023
A cikin 2023 gobarar Kasuwar Litinin ta Maiduguri babbar gobara ce da ta faru a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu, 2023, a Kasuwar Litina a Maidugiri, Jihar Borno, Najeriya. Wutar, wacce ta fara a kusa da karfe 2:00 na safe, ta lalata kusan shaguna 13,000, ta shafi rayuwar 'yan kasuwa sama da 20,000.

## Manazarta
Ƙungiyar 'Yan Jarida ta Tunisiya

**Ƙungiyar 'Yan Jarida ta Ƙasar [[Tunisiya]]** (Arabic: النقابة_الوطنية_للفيصحين_التونسيين, Faransanci: Syndicat National des Journalistes Tunisiens, ko **SNJT**) ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta, wacce ke kare haƙƙin 'yancin yin magana da ma haƙƙin' yan jarida gaba ɗaya a ƙasar ta Tunisiya.

## Duba kuma
* Decree Law 54 (Tunisia)
* Tunisian General Labor Union
* Tunis Afrique Presse

## Manazarta
Cibiyar Binciken Aikin Noma ta Kasa (Eritrea)

**Cibiyar Nazarin Aikin Gona ta Kasa** (**NARI**) hukuma ce a cikin tsagin Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta ƙasar Eritrea, wacce aka kafa a shekara ta 2003.  Cibiyar a baya an san ta da sunan Ma'aikatar Binciken Aikin Gona da Ci gaban Albarkatun Dan Adam (DARHARD).

## Rabe-rabe

; Sashen:

* Binciken albarkatun dabbobi
* Binciken Ci gaban Amfanin Gona
* Binciken Gudanar da albarkatun kasa
* Binciken Injiniyan Noma
* Ci gaban Albarkatun Dan Adam da Horarwa

; Bangaren:

* Sashin Tattalin Arziki na Jama'a
* Sashin Shirye-shiryen da Kididdiga
* Sadarwa da Sadarwar Jama'a

## Masu Gudanarwa

* Dokta Iyassu Ghebretatios, Darakta Janar na NARI

## Duba kuma
*Eritrea Institute of Technology

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin hadi na Waje
*National Agricultural Research Institutes in Eastern and Central Africa
Tenille Dashwood

**Tenille Averil Dashwood** (an haife ta ranar 1 Maris 1989) ƙwararriyar yar kokawa ce ta Australiya kuma mai bada shawarwarin taafiye-tafiye.  An fi saninta da zamanta a WWE, a ƙarƙashin sunan zobe Emma.  An kuma san ta da lokacinta tare da kungiyoyin wasan kokawa masu suna *Ring of Honor* (ROH) da kuma *Impact Wrestling*, inda ta yi wasa da sunanta na gaskiya.

## Rayuwar Farko
An haifi Dashwood kuma ta girma a Boronia, Victoria, wani yanki na Melbourne. Tana da babban yaya mai suna Jake, wanda ya gabatar da ita ga ƙwararrun kokawa. Ta ambaci Stone Cold Steve Austin, Trish Stratus da Lita a matsayin kwarin gwiwarta a kokawa.  Ta sadu da Dustin Rhodes a shekarar 1997 kuma, tana da shekaru 13 a 2002, ta sadu da Stratus a Yawon WWE na Duniya don Dumamar Yanayi: Melbourne. 

## Rayuwarta
A ranar 30 ga Yuni 2014, an kama Dashwood a Hartford, Connecticut.  Ta iso bayan fage, amma ba ta fito a cikin shirin Raw wanda aka watsa kai tsaye a daren ba.  'Yan sanda sun sake ta bayan ta amince ta bayyana a Kotun Community Hartford, wanda ta yi washegari a ranar 1 ga Yuli.  A cewar lauyanta, ta manta da biyan kudin wata harka ta iPad a lokacin da ta yi amfani da na'urar tantance kanta wajen siyan ta a Walmart.  'Yan jaridan Bryan Alvarez da Sean Ross Sapp sun tattauna da manajojin kare asara na Walmart wadanda, bayan sun binciki lamarin, sun tabbatar da cewa Dashwood ta biya kudin sayan ta, sai dai siyayya daya da ba'a tantance da kyau ba.  Ma’aikatan sun soki wannan kamun, inda suka bayyana cewa ma’aikacin ya tunatar da ita cewa, abu daya ba a duba shi yadda ya kamata ba, musamman idan aka yi la’akari da tsadar kayan da aka manta. Kotu ta umarce ta da ta yi hidima ga gari na kwana daya, da kuma karatu ta yanar gizo, daga bisani aka yi watsi da karar.

## Manazarta
Lita ('yar kokawa)

**Amy Christine Dumas** (an haife ta a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 1975) 'yar asalin Amurka ce kwararriyar 'yar kokawa mai ritaya kuma mawaƙiya. An fi saninta da zamaninta a WWE da suna **Lita**. An gabatar da Dumas a Zauren Shahararrun WWE na 2014,  a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan mata masu wasa a tarihin WWE.
Farko

Proto ko PROTO na iya zama:

## Harshe

* Proto-, prefix da Turanci wanda ke nufin "na farko"

## Kafofin watsa labarai

* Proto (mujallar), mujallar kimiyya ta Amurka
* Rediyo Proto a Cyprus

## Waƙoƙi

* Proto (album na Holly Herndon) , 2019
* Proto (Album na Leo O'Kelly) , 2002
* Proto (ƙungiya) , ƙungiyar rock mai ci gaba daga Memphis, Tennessee

## Ƙungiyoyin

* Proto (Kayan aiki), kamfanin kayan aiki (tsohon Plomb Tools), yanzu wani bangare ne na Stanley Black & Decker
* Proto Motors, mai kera motocin motsa jiki na Koriya ta Kudu da kuma gyarawa
* Proto Records, kamfanin rikodin Burtaniya mai aiki a cikin shekarun 1980; duba Barry Evangeli
* Proto (paintball), kamfanin kera kayan aikin paintball

## Mutane

* Ba na almara ba
** Frank Proto, mawaki da bassist a Amurka
** Ludovic Proto (an haife shi a shekara ta 1965), ɗan dambe na kasar Faransa
** Neil Thomas Proto (an haife shi a shekara ta 1945), lauyan Amurka, malami, malami da marubuci
** Silvio Proto, mai tsaron gida na Belgium
** Proto (duba Protus da Hyacinth), shahadar Kirista a lokacin tsananta wa Valerian I
* Labarai ne na almara
** Proto, ɗaya daga cikin Nereids a cikin tatsuniyoyin Helenawa
** Proto (Ghost in the Shell), wani hali ne na almara a cikin Masamune Shirow's *Ghost a cikin Shell* anime da manga
** Proto, wani samfurin da ya fi dacewa na Prophetbot daga wasan bidiyo *OneShot*

## Kimiyya da fasaha

* Proto-, prefix, kamar yadda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin lissafi.
* Siebe Gorman Proto, wani nau'in numfashi na rebreather
* SEAT Proto, motoci masu ra'ayi
* PROTO (fusion reactor)
Toni Storm

**Toni Rossall** (an haife ta 19 Oktoba 1995), wanda aka fi sani da sunan zobe Toni Storm, ɗan kokawa ne na New Zealand-Australian.  An sanya mata hannu zuwa All Elite Wrestling (AEW) a ƙarƙashin taken "Timeless" Toni Storm kuma ta kasance mai rikodin rikodi sau uku tsohuwar Gasar Mata ta AEW.  Kafin shiga tare da AEW, Rossall ta yi aiki a WWE, inda ta kasance NXT UK Women's Champion.

## Rayuwar Farko
Toni Rossall  an haife shi ne a Auckland akan 19 Oktoba 1995,  kuma ya ƙaura zuwa Gold Coast ta Ostiraliya tare da mahaifiyarta tana Yar shekara huɗu lokacin da iyayenta suka rabu.  A lokacin da yake da shekaru 10, yayin da yake zaune a Gold Coast, ta gano WWE a talabijin kuma ta ci gaba da sha'awar kokawa  

## Rayuwa
A cikin Yuni 2020, an bayyana cewa Rossall tana saduwa da yar kokawa Ba'amurke Juice Robinson.  Sun yi aure a shekarar 2022.

A cikin watan Yuni 2021, yayin da Rossall ya karɓi asusun WWE NXT Instagram na watan Pride, ta fito a matsayin bisexual.

## Manazarta
Sashin Binciken Manufofin Tattalin Arziki na Namibiya

A turance Namibiya **Economic Policy Research Unit** ana takaita sunan da **NEPRU**, ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta ta ƙasar Namibiya wacce manufarta ita ce "don tallafawa burin ci gaban ƙasar ta Namibiya ta hanyar bayar da shawar-wari akan Manufofin tattalin arziki, gudanar da bincike na tattalin arziki da gina ikon binciken tattalin arziki", a cewar shafin yanar gizon ƙungiyar wanda yanzu shafin yanar gizon ƙungiyar ba ya aiki.

## Kafawa
NEPRU, wadda aka kafa a 1990 lokacin da ƙasar Namibiyan ta sami ƴancin kai, kungiyar ta dakatar da ayyukan ta a shekarar 2011 biyo bayan rikice-rikicen kudi.

A cikin shekaru 20 da wanzuwarta, ta samar da rahotanni masu yawa na bayar da shawara kuma ta na samun kuɗin gudanar da kungiyar ta hanyar "kudin shiga daga binciken da aka ba da izini da kuma tallafin fasaha daga abokan haɗin gwiwar ƙasa da ƙasa".

## Manazarta
Nishaɗi na dare na Afirka

***Nishaɗin Dare na Afirka*** labari ne na almara wanda aka yi a shekara ta 1962 na marubucin ɗan Najeriya Cyprian Ekwensi .   

## Makirci
An tsara littafin ne a Arewacin Najeriya kuma wani tsohon mai ba da labari ne ya rawaito shi. ya ba da labarin Abu Bakir da neman daukar fansa bayan Zainobe, yarinyar da aka aura masa da soyayyar rayuwarsa, ta auri Mallam Shehu, wani hamshakin attajiri mai bukatar yaro. Mallam Shehu da Zainobe suna da ɗa mai suna Kyauta.

Abu ya lashi takobin daukar fansa tare da yawo a garuruwa da kauyuka da dama (rasa ido da kunne a cikin lamarin) domin ya samu kayan da yake bukata na laya don yin banza. A karshe ya yi nasarar yin wannan fara'a kuma ya yi amfani da ita a kan Kyauta, wanda ya rikide ya zama dan daba na sociopathic wanda a karshe ya kashe mahaifinsa. Bayan wani lokaci, Abu da kanshi Kyauta ya kashe shi bayan sakamakon laya ya kare masa.

## Jigogi
Manyan jigogi a cikin littafin sun haɗa da sha'awa, ɗaukar fansa da auren yara .  

## Rigima
Littafin ya ci karo da cece-kuce daban-daban a lokacin da ake zargin marubucin littafin nan Cyprian Ekwensi da buga wani littafi mai suna Jikin Magayi a shekara ta alif dari tara da talatin da hudu 1934 da Rupert East da John Tafida Umaru ya rubuta a cikin harshen Hausa amma ya kare shi yana mai cewa labarinsa ne na tatsuniyar da wani tsohon malamin Hausa ya taba fada masa.  

## Manazarta
Kuma

***'KUMA***' ko KUMA na iya zama:

 

## Halin da ake kira

* Kuma, wani bear, wanda aka fi sani da Teddie a cikin harshen Ingilishi na Persona 4 *Mutum na* uba da ɗa haruffa iri ɗaya a cikin Tekken franchise
* Kuma Lisa, wani hali ne na asali daga al'adun Bulgarian da Rasha
* Bartholomew Kuma, wani hali a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Japan da manga One Piece*Ɗaya daga cikin Abubuwa*
* Pedobear (Japanese), mascot na gidan yanar gizon 2channel

* KUMA (AM) , tashar rediyo (1290 AM) a Pendleton, Oregon, Amurka
* KUMA-FM, tashar rediyo (92.1 FM) a Pilot Rock, Oregon, Amurka
* KWVN-FM, tashar rediyo (107.7 FM) a Pendleton, Oregon, Amurka, wanda a baya aka sani da KUMA-FM
* KUMA (Arizona) , tashar rediyo ce da ta mutu a Yuma, Arizona, Amurka

## Wuraren da aka yi

### Japan

* Kuma, Ehime, wani tsohon gari
* Kuma, Kumamoto, ƙauye
* Gundumar Kuma, Kumamoto, Japan
* Kogin Kuma (Japan) 
* Dutsen Kuma, dutsen da yake cikin wuta

### Myanmar

* Kuma, Myanmar, wani gari

### Rasha

* Kuma (Rasha) , wani kogi a Arewacin Caucasus
* Kuma, Jamhuriyar Dagestan, wani karkara a Dagestan, Rasha

## Mutane

* Kuma Demeksa (an haife shi a shekara ta 1958), ɗan siyasan Habasha
* Abera Kuma (an haife ta a shekara ta 1990), mai tsere mai nisa na Habasha
* Eyerusalem Kuma (an haife shi a shekara ta 1981), mai tsere mai nisa na Habasha
* Harry Kuma, ɗan siyasan tsibirin Solomon
* Kengo Kuma (an haife shi a shekara ta 1954), masanin gine-gine na Japan

## Fasahar

* Kuma (processor), wani Athlon X2 core bisa Phenom CPU
*  (jirgi) , jirgin ruwa na rundunar sojan ruwa ta Japan na Class Kuma
** Jirgin ruwa na -class, jiragen ruwa masu sauƙi da rundunar sojan ruwa ta Japan ke sarrafawa
* Kuma (software) , dandalin da ke ba da iko ga MDN

## Sauran amfani

* 6255 Kuma, babban asteroid
*  (fim) , fim na 2012 wanda Umut Dag ya jagoranta
* Kuma (taurari) , sunan gargajiya na tauraron Nu Draconis
* Kuma Reality Games, mai haɓaka wasan bidiyo.
* Kuma (Cap) , wani gargajiya na gargajiya na Oman
* Kuma (acoel), wani nau'in acoels a cikin iyalin Proporidae
Euan Murray

**Euan Murray** (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1994) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Scotland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida na ƙungiyar Raith Rovers ta gasar zakarun Scotland.

Ya fara kwallonsa  a Motherwell,  ya buga wa kungiyoyin  Arbroath, Clyde, Stenhousemuir, Dunfermline Athletic da Kilmarnock, da kuma kungiyoyin Ingila kamar su Barrow, Southport, da Hartlepool United da kuma Solomon Islands na Western United.

## Ayyukansa

## Career

Murray samfurin ne na Kwalejin Motherwell, a kai a kai yana fitowa ga tawagar 'yan kasa da shekaru 20. A ranar 9 ga Nuwamba 2013, Murray ya fara bugawa Motherwell wasa a matsayin mai maye gurbinsa a wasan da aka yi da Dundee United 4-0. 

Bayan ya bar Motherwell a ƙarshen kakar 2013-14, Murray ya taka leda a matsayin mai gwadawa ga Arbroath a kan Berwick Rangers a ranar 9 ga watan Agusta 2014  kafin ya sanya hannu ga kungiyar Scottish League Two club Clyde a ranar 19 ga watan Satumba 2014.  A ranar 23 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2014, Clyde ya sake shi. A shekara ta 2015, Murray ya sanya hannu ga Western United a Tsibirin Solomon a gaban yakin neman zaɓe na OFC Champions League . 

Bayan ya koma Scotland, Murray ya sanya hannu ga Stenhousemuir a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2015,  duk da haka, ya bar kulob din a watan Mayu 2016 bayan ya ki amincewa da tayin sabon kwangila don neman cikakken lokaci daga kulob din Ingila.  A ranar 22 ga watan Yulin 2016, Murray ya sanya hannu a kulob din Barrow na Ingila. Daga baya ya sanya hannu a Southport, kafin ya sake komawa Scotland, a wannan lokacin don sanya hannu tare da kungiyar Scottish League One Raith Rovers a watan Yunin 2017.

Bayan shekaru biyu tare da Rovers, Murray ya sanya hannu tare da abokan hamayyar Fife Dunfermline Athletic a watan Yunin 2019.  Murray ya shafe shekaru biyu tare da Dunfermline kafin ya bar kulob din a ƙarshen kwangilarsa a watan Mayu 2021. Daga baya ya shiga Kilmarnock da aka sake shi kwanan nan a kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu. Ya buga wasanni 38 a duk gasa yayin da kulob din ya lashe Gasar Zakarun Scotland.

A ranar 24 ga Yuni 2022, an soke kwangilarsa da Kilmarnock ta hanyar yardar juna. Daga baya a wannan rana, an sanar da cewa Murray ya sanya hannu a kungiyar Hartlepool United ta League Two .  A ranar 17 ga Yulin 2023, an dakatar da kwangilar Murray ta hanyar yardar juna. Murray ya buga wasanni 36 a Hartlepool.

A ranar 18 ga Yulin 2023, Murray ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu don komawa Raith Rovers . 
## Manazarta
Victoria, Princess Royal

**Victoria, Gimbiya Royal** (Victoria Adelaide Mary Louisa;  21 Nuwamba 1840 - 5 Agusta 1901) Sarauniyar Jamus ce kuma Sarauniyar Prussia a matsayin matar Frederick III, Sarkin Jamus.  Ita ce ɗan fari na Sarauniya Victoria ta Burtaniya da Yarima Albert na Saxe-Coburg da Gotha kuma an ƙirƙira ta Gimbiya Royal a 1841. A matsayinta na yar fari na masarautar Biritaniya, ta kasance ɗan gadon gado har zuwa haihuwar ƙanenta, Edward VII na gaba.  Ita ce mahaifiyar Wilhelm II, Sarkin Jamus na ƙarshe.  

## Farkon Rayuwa da Ilimi
An haifi Gimbiya Victoria a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba 1840 a Fadar Buckingham, London.  Ita ce ɗan fari na Sarauniya Victoria da mijinta, Prince Albert.  Lokacin da aka haife ta, likitan ya ce cikin baƙin ciki: "Ya Madam, yarinya ce!"  Sarauniyar ta amsa da cewa: "Kada ku damu, lokaci na gaba zai zama yarima!"A matsayinta na 'yar sarki, an haifi Victoria gimbiya Birtaniya.  Bugu da kari, ta kasance magada gadon sarautar Burtaniya tun daga haihuwarta har zuwa haihuwar kaninta Yarima Albert Edward (daga baya Sarki Edward VII) a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba 1841..  A ranar 19 ga Janairu, 1841, an nada ta Gimbiya Royal, wani lakabi da ake ba wa babbar 'yar sarki. Ga danginta, an san ta da Vicky kawai.n 

## Alkawari da Aure

Frederick ta sami cikakkiyar ilimi kuma musamman an kafa shi ta hanyar mutane irin su marubuci Ernst Moritz Arndt da masanin tarihi Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann.  Bisa al'adar gidan Hohenzollern, ya kuma sami horo mai tsanani na soja.

A cikin 1855 Yarima Frederick ya sake yin tafiya zuwa Burtaniya kuma ya ziyarci Victoria da danginta a Scotland a Balmoral Castle.  Manufar tafiyar tasa ita ce sake ganin Gimbiya Sarauta, don tabbatar da cewa za ta zama uwargidan da ta dace da shi.  A Berlin martanin wannan tafiya zuwa Burtaniya ba shi da kyau.  A gaskiya ma da yawa daga cikin mambobin kotun Prussian sun so ganin ɗan magaji ya auri wata babbar duchess na Rasha.  Sarki Frederick William IV, wanda ya yarda da dan uwansa ya auri wata gimbiya Biritaniya, har ma ya rufa masa asiri saboda matarsa ​​ta nuna kyama ga Anglophobia.

## Manazarta
Victoria Beckham

**Victoria Caroline Beckham** (née Adams; an haife ta17 Afrilu 1974)  mawaƙiya ce ta Ingilishi, mawaƙa, da halayen talabijin.  Ta yi fice a shekarun 1990s a matsayinta na memba na kungiyar pop mai suna Spice Girls, wanda a ciki ake mata lakabi da Posh Spice.  Tare da sama da rikodin miliyan 100 da aka sayar a duk duniya,  ƙungiyar ta zama ƙungiyar mata mafi siyar da kowane lokaci.   Bayan 'yan matan Spice sun watse a cikin 2001, Beckham ya rattaba hannu tare da Virgin Records, don fitar da kundin solo na farko mai taken kanta, wanda ya samar da manyan 10 na Burtaniya guda biyu.  Beckham kuma ya zama sanannen gunkin salo na duniya da mai zanen kaya.  

## Rayuwar Farko

An haifi Beckham Victoria Caroline Adams a ranar 17 ga Afrilu 1974 a Asibitin Gimbiya Alexandra a Harlow, Essex, Ingila, kuma ya girma a Goffs Oak, Hertfordshire. Ita ce babbar 'ya'ya uku na Jacqueline Doreen (née Cannon), tsohuwar ma'aikacin inshora kuma mai gyaran gashi,  da Anthony William Adams, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin injiniyan lantarki, kuma ya tuka Rolls-Royce, wani abu da za ta yi jayayya daga baya.

## Rayuwa
Beckham ta yi alkawari da ma'aikacin wutar lantarki Mark Wood wanda ta kasance tare da ita daga 1988 zuwa 1994. Sannan ta sami dangantaka da ɗan wasan Kanada Corey Haim a cikin 1995, wanda ya ƙare bisa sharuɗɗan juna. Ta na tattara jakunkuna, kuma ta mallaki jakunkuna sama da 100 na Birkin, wanda Hermès ta yi, gami da ruwan hoda fam 100,000.  An yi kiyasin cikakken tarin ya kai sama da fam miliyan 1.5.

## Manazarta
Victoria Azarenka

**Victoria Fiodaraŭna Azarenka**(an haife shi 31 Yuli Shekara ta 1989) ƙwararriyar Yar wasan tennis ce. Kungiyar kwallon Tennis ta mata (WTA) ta samu matsayi na daya a matsayin na daya a duniya a matsayin na daya a gasar mata, bayan da ta rike mukamin na tsawon makonni 51 (ciki har da karshen shekara ta 1 a shekarar shekara ta 2012).  Azarenka ya lashe kambun gasar WTA guda 21 a matakin yawon shakatawa, ciki har da manyan kofuna biyu a 2012 da 2013 Australian Open, wanda ya zama dan Belarus na farko da ya lashe babbar kambun singileti. 

## Farkon rayuwa
An haifi Azarenka a Minsk, Byelorussian SSR, Tarayyar Soviet zuwa Alla da Fedor Azarenka.  Gunkin wasan tennis ɗinta tsohon ɗan wasan Jamus Steffi Graf ne.  A cikin wata hira, Azarenka ya ce "Graf's Calendar Golden Slam a cikin shekara ta 1988 shine babban dalili na." 

## Fafatawa
A duk tsawon aikinta, Victoria Azarenka ta kafa kishiya tare da sauran 'yan wasa akan Yawon shakatawa na WTA.  Kishiyoyinta da Serena Williams da Maria Sharapova suna daga cikin mafi mahimmanci a balaguron WTA, saboda duk 'yan wasan uku sun buga juna a kalla sau 15.

## Manazarta
Jessica Grahn

**Jessica Adrienne Grahn** ƙwararriyar  ce ta Amirka. Ita ce darekta na Fahimtar Dan Adam da Sensorimotor Core  na Cibiyar Brain da Mind na Jami'ar Western Ontario . A lokacin cutar ta COVID-19, an ba Grahn suna zuwa Kwalejin Sabbin Malamai, Masu fasaha da Masana Kimiyya na Royal Society of Canada .

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Grahn ta kammala digirinta a fannin Neuroscience da Piano Performance daga Jami'ar Northwestern da kuma PhD daga Jami'ar Cambridge .  An ba Grahn kyautar 2001 Gates Cambridge Scholarship don yin karatu a Ingila. 

## Sana'a
Grahn ya bar Cibiyar Nazarin Likitanci Cognition da Brain Sciences Unit  a Jami'ar Cambridge a 2010 lokacin da aka ba ta matsayi a Jami'ar Western Ontario (UWO).  A UWO, ta kafa Neuroscience da Music Lab  a Cibiyar Brain da Mind tare da taimako daga Gidauniyar Kanada don Innovation Leaders Opportunity Fund a 2012.  Ta kuma sami lambar yabo ta Mai Binciken Farko na Ontario don "yin sabbin bincike yayin da take taimakawa wajen gina ƙungiyoyin binciken su."  An ƙirƙira Cibiyar Nazarin Neuroscience da Kiɗa don nazarin lokaci, rhythm da motsi ta hanyar fahimtar yadda kwakwalwa ke sarrafa kiɗa.  A cikin wannan shekarar, Grahn ta sami kyautar kyauta daga gidauniyar Grammy saboda ci gaba da binciken da ta yi na nazarin yadda kwakwalwa ke ji da kuma yadda ake yin kida. 

A cikin 2015, Grahn ya sami matsayi na abokin farfesa a Sashen ilimin halin dan Adam kuma ya sami lambar yabo ta 2016 Faculty Scholars Award.  A shekara mai zuwa, an zabe ta a matsayin Fellow of the Association for Psychological Science .  A cikin 2018, Grahn da Robert Zatorre a Jami'ar McGill sun kasance masu karɓar kyautar Haɗin gwiwar McGill-Western don "ƙirƙirar bayanan mai amfani da multimodal neuroimaging, yana ba masu bincike damar yin amfani da bayanan kewayawa na jijiyoyi don gwada sabbin hasashe kuma su zama tushen tushen binciken da ke tattare da rikicewar ji." 

A lokacin cutar ta COVID-19, an ba Grahn suna zuwa Kwalejin Sabbin Malamai, Masu fasaha da Masana Kimiyya na Royal Society of Canada . 

## Manazarta
IFAF Afirka

**IFAF [[Afirka]]** ita ce hukumar kula da Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka a Afirka. Hukumar kuma na kuma kula da wasannin Kwallon ƙafa na kwallon hannu-(flag football). Ita memba ce ta Ƙungiyar Ƙwallon Kafa ta Duniya reshen Amurka. 

A watan Yunin 2024, akwai membobin ƙasashe 12 na hukumar.

## Mambobi
* Kamaru, an kafa a 2018
* Congo
* Egypt , an kafa a 2014
* Ghana, an kafa a 2017
* Ivory Coast, an kafa a 2020
* Kenya , an kafa a 2006
* Morocco, an kafa a 2012
* Nigeria, an kafa a 2019
* South Africa, an kafa a 2015
* Tunisia, an kafa a 2019
* Uganda, an kafa a 2018
* Zimbabwe, an kafa a 2017

## Gasa
* Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta IFAF, duk bayan shekaru huɗu 
* Gasar kwallon kafa ta duniya ta IFAF, duk bayan shekaru biyu

## Duba kuma
* Egyptian Federation of American Football
* Ghana American Football Federation 

## Hanyoyin hadi na Waje
*  IFAF Africa on the IFAF website
Paridhi Sharma

**Paridhi Sharma** 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta gidan talabijin ta Indiya wacce aka fi sani da kunna Jodha Bai a cikin Jodha Akbar na Zee TV da Goddess Vaishno Devi a cikin Jag Janani Maa Vaishno Devi - Kahani Mata Rani Ki. Ta kuma taka rawar Babita Chaddha a cikin Patiala Babes na Sony Entertainment Television da Ambika a cikin Yeh Kahan Aa Gaye Hum na TV. 
## Rayuwa ta sirri
An haifi Paridhi Sharma a Indore, Madhya Pradesh, Indiya. A cikin 2009, ta auri ɗan kasuwa na Ahmedabad Tanmai Saksena. Suna da ɗa tare, wanda aka haifa a cikin 2016.[ 

## Hoton mai jarida
An ba Sharma suna Babban Jarumar Gidan Talabijin ta Rediff's a cikin Manyan Jarumawar Talabijin na 10 na 2014.

## Manazarta
Ƙungiyar Jagorancin Yan Mata ta Zimbabwe

**Ƙungiyar Jagorancin Yan Mata ta** Zimbabwe ana takaita sunan da **GGAZ**, itace ƙungiyar Jagorancin yara mata ta ƙasa a ƙasar Zimbabwe. Tana aiki da mambobi 49,184 a alkaluman shekarar 2018. An kafa ta a shekarar 1912, ƙungiyar ta 'yan mata kaɗai ta zama cikakkiyar memba ta Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun' yan mata a matsayin Ƙungiyar Ƙwararru ta Rhodesia a shekara ta 1969. Wasu Matafiyan Jagoranci ga asalin 'yan matan nahiyar Afirka, ƙungiyar an kafa a 1926 biyo bayan ziyarar da ɗan mulkin mallaka Olave Baden-Powell ya kai.

## Shirye-shirye
Shirin ƙungiyar ƴan mata masu jagorantar Zimbabwe na da zummar kula da' yan mata ƴan tsakanin shekaru 5 zuwa 21.

* Sunbeams - ages 5 to 7
* Brownies - daga shekara 7 zuwa 10
* Guides - daga shekara 10 zuwa 16
* Rangers - daga shekara 14 zuwa 21

Har ila yau, akwai ƙungiyar Matasa Shugabannin (Flame Rangers) na matasan mata waɗanda ba su da alaƙa da kowane Rukunin ko taimako daga ɓangaren jagoranci ƴan tsakanin shekaru 17 zuwa 30

## Manufofi
Tsarin alkawarin kungiyar: Na yi alkawarin cewa zan yi iya ƙoƙarina Don yin aikina ga Allah Don bauta wa ƙasa ta da sauran mutane Da kuma kiyaye Dokar Jagora.

## Duba kuma
* The Boy Scouts Association of Zimbabwe

## Manazarta
Anna Jay

**Anna Marie Jernigan**  (an haife ta a watan Yuli 15, 1998),  wanda aka fi sani da sunan zobe Anna Jay, ƙwararriyar kokawa ce ta Amurka.  An sanya mata hannu zuwa All Elite Wrestling (AEW). 

## Rayuwa
A ranar 28 ga Yuni, 2021, Jay ta bayyana a kan kafofin watsa labarun cewa tana cikin dangantaka da abokin kokawa AEW Jack Perry. 

## Zakara da Nasarori
Duk Elite Wrestling

Kyautar AEW Dynamite (lokaci 1)

Mafi Girma Lokacin WTF (2022) - TayJay (Anna Jay da Tay Conti) vs. Bunny da Penelope Ford a Yaƙin Titi akan Sabuwar Shekara Smash (Disamba 31)

An kwatanta Pro Wrestling

Matsayi na 103 daga cikin manyan kokawa mata 150 a cikin 150 na PWI a cikin 2022

## Manazarta
Jack Spicer

**Jack Spicer** (Janairu 30, 1925 - Agusta 17, 1965) wani mawaƙin Ba'amurke ne wanda aka fi sani da *Renaissance* na San Francisco. A cikin 2009, *My vocabulary did this to me*: Waƙar da aka tattara na Jack Spicer ya lashe lambar yabo ta Littafin Amurka a fannin waƙa. Ya shafe yawancin rayuwarsa ta rubuce-rubuce a San Francisco.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi **Jack John Lester Spicer** a ranar 30 ga Janairu, 1925 a Los Angeles, babban ɗan iyaye Dorothy Clause da John Lovely Spicer. 

Ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar sakandare ta Fairfax a 1942, kuma ya halarci Jami'ar Redlands daga 1943 zuwa 1945. Yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Redlands, ya yi abota da Warren Christopher. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zauna a Los Angeles a takaice, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin karin fim da kuma mai bincike na sirri.

## Berkeley
Spicer ya ƙare a Berkeley, kuma ya zauna a gidan kwana tare da Philip K. Dick. Ya yi shekaru 1945 zuwa 1950; kuma daga 1952 zuwa 1955 a Jami'ar California, Berkeley, inda ya fara rubuce-rubuce, yana yin aiki a matsayin masanin ilimin harshe, da kuma buga wasu wakoki (ko da yake ya ƙi bugawa). A cikin 1950, ya ƙi sanya hannu kan "rantsuwar aminci" a lokacin McCarthyism.

A wannan lokacin ya nemo mawakan ’yan uwansu, amma ta hanyar kawancensa da Robert Duncan da Robin Blaser ne Spicer ya kirkiro wani sabon nau’in waka, kuma tare suka yi nuni da aikinsu na gama gari a matsayin Renaissance na Berkeley. Su ukun, waɗanda dukansu 'yan luwaɗi ne, sun kuma ilimantar da mawaƙa kanana a cikin da'irarsu game da "labarinsu na ƙauye": Rimbaud, Lorca, da sauran marubutan gay. An tattara wakokin Spicer na wannan zamani a Tsayuwar Dare da Sauran Waqoqin (1980). Imaginary Elegies, wanda daga baya aka tattara a cikin Donald Allen's New American Poetry 1945-1960 anthology, an rubuta shi a wannan lokacin.

## San Francisco
A cikin 1954, ya haɗu da haɗin gwiwa shida Gallery a San Francisco, wanda ba da daɗewa ba ya zama sananne a matsayin wurin karatun Gallery shida na Oktoba 1955 wanda ya ƙaddamar da motsi na West Coast Beat. A cikin 1955, Spicer ya ƙaura zuwa Birnin New York sannan kuma ya tafi Boston, inda ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a cikin Rare Book Room of Boston Public Library. Har ila yau, Blaser yana Boston a wannan lokacin, kuma ma'auratan sun yi hulɗa da wasu mawaƙa na gida, ciki har da John Wieners, Stephen Jonas, da Joe Dunn.

## Manazarta
The escape of the seven

**The escape of the seven**(Yaren Koriya: 7인의 탈출) shirin talabijin ne mai dogon zango na 2023-2024 na koriya ta kudu wanda ya kunshi jarumai Um Ki-joon, Hwang Jung-eum, Lee Joon, Lee Yu-bi, Shin Eun-kyung , Yoon Jong-hoon, Jo Yoon-hee,da Jo Jae-yoon.  Shirin ya tafi ne akan manyan 'yan wasa guda bakwai.  Zango na farko ya fito akan SBS TV  daga Satumba 15 zuwa Nuwamba 17, 2023, kowace Juma'a da Asabar a 22:00 (KST).  Zango na biyu ya fito akan SBS TV daga 29 ga Maris, zuwa 18 ga Mayu, 2024, kowace Juma'a da Asabar a 22:00 (KST).  Hakanan ana samunsa a Coupang Play da Wavve a Koriya ta Kudu, da kuma akan Viu, Viki da Kocowa a cikin zaɓaɓɓun yankuna.

## Taƙaitawa
Mutane baƙwai da ke da hannu a lamarin wata yarinya da ta ɓata sun fuskanci manyan al'amura masu nasaba da karya da sha'awa da yawa.  Tafiyar neman gaskiya tana kaiwa ga daukar fansa na jini mai kama da azabar Ubangiji.
## Manazarta
Helen G. Grundman

**Helen Giessler Grundman** masaniyar lissafi ce ta Amurka. Ita ce Darakta na Ilimi da Bambanci a Cibiyar Nazarin Lissafi ta Amurka da Bincike Farfesa Emeritus na Lissafi a Kwalejin Bryn Mawr .  An san Grundman da bincikenta a cikin ka'idar lambobi da ƙoƙarin haɓaka bambancin lissafi.

## Ilimi
Helen Grundman ta sami digirinta na PhD a 1989 daga Jami'ar California, Berkeley, a karkashin kulawar P. Emery Thomas . 

## Aiki
Bayan ta sami digirinta na PhD, Grundman ta shafe shekaru biyu a matsayin malami na C. L. E. Moore a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts . Ta zama farfesa a Kwalejin Bryn Mawr a shekarar 1991. A cikin 2016, an sanya Grundman a matsayin Darakta na Ilimi da Bambanci na Ƙungiyar Lissafi ta Amirka. 

## Bincike
A ciki*n* 1994, Gru*n* ya tabbatar da cewa jerin lambobi fiye da 2n a jere na Harshad a cikin tushe n ba su wanzu ba.[G94]

## Daraja
A cikin 2017, an zaɓi Grundman a matsayin ɗan ƙungiyar Association for Women in Mathematics a cikin aji na farko. 

## Littattafan da aka zaɓa

## Manazarta
Frances Cave-Browne-Cave

**Frances Evelyn Cave-Browne-Cave** FRAS (1876-1965) masanin lissafi ne kuma malami.

## Rayuwa ta farko
Frances Cave-Browne-Cave 'yar Sir Thomas Cave-Cave ce da Blanche Matilda Mary Ann Milton . Ta yi karatu a gida a Streatham Common tare da 'yan uwanta mata kuma ta shiga Kwalejin Girton, Cambridge, tare da' yar'uwarta Beatrice Mabel Cave-Browne-Cave a shekara ta 1895. Ta sami digiri na farko kuma da ta kasance Wrangler na biyar a 1898 idan ta kasance namiji. Ta ɗauki Sashe na II na Tripos na lissafi a shekara ta 1899. 

## Ayyuka da ci gaba da karatu
Kamar 'yar'uwarta, galibi ana saninta da sunan mahaifiyar Cave a sana'a. Tare da Beatrice, ta yi aiki tare da Karl Pearson a Kwalejin Jami'ar London. Ayyukanta sun sami tallafin bincike na farko da aka bayar a Girton: Tsohon Dalibai na Nazarin Dalibai daga Girton, wanda Florence Margaret Durham ta bayar. Binciken da ta yi a fannin ilimin yanayi ya samar da wallafe-wallafe biyu a cikin Proceedings of the Royal Society wanda ya tattauna ma'aunin barometric, kuma an karanta shi ga Ƙungiyar Burtaniya a Cambridge a cikin 1904.

A cikin 1903, Cave ya koma Girton a matsayin ɗan'uwa. Ta ba da fifiko ga koyarwa fiye da bincike, kuma ta mai da hankali kan bunkasa ɗalibai mafi rauni saboda ta ji cewa a nan ne za a iya yin babban bambanci. Ta zama darektan karatu a shekarar 1918.  Ta kasance a cikin kwamitin zartarwa na kwalejin kuma tana da alhakin tsara takardar shaidar da aka bayar a 1924. A ranar 11 ga Nuwamba 1921 an zabe ta Fellow na Royal Astronomical Society .  An sanya Cave a matsayin abokin girmamawa na Girton a shekarar 1942. 

Cave ya sami MA daga Kwalejin Trinity, Dublin, a cikin 1907 (tun da ka'idojin Jami'ar Cambridge ba su ba da izinin mata su sami digiri ba) kuma daga Cambridge a cikin 1926. 

## Rayuwa da mutuwa daga baya
Cave ya yi ritaya zuwa Southampton a 1936. Ta mutu a Shedfield a gidan kula da tsofaffi a ranar 30 ga Maris 1965. 

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Takardun a cikin Girton College Library
Kyautar FASEB a Kimiyya

An kafa Kyautar Kyautattun Kimiyya ta Tarayyar Ƙungiyoyin Amirka don Nazarin Biology (FASEB) a cikin 1989 don amincewa da nasarorin da mata suka samu a kimiyyar halitta. Dukkanin mata da ke cikin ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin al'ummomin FASEB sun cancanci gabatarwa. Nominations sun amince da mace wacce nasarorin da ta samu a aikinta sun ba da gudummawa sosai ga ci gaba da fahimtarmu game da wani horo ta hanyar kyakkyawan aiki a cikin bincike. 

Kyautar ta haɗa da tallafin bincike na $ 10,000 ba tare da iyaka ba, wanda Eli Lilly da Kamfanin suka tallafawa.

## Masu karɓar kyautar
Tushen: FASEB  An adana shi 2016-03-04 a 

* 1989 Marian Koshland
* 1990 Elizabeth Hay
* 1991 Ellen Vitetta
* 1992 Bettie Sue Masters
* 1993 Susan Leeman
* 1994 Lucille Shapiro
* 1995 Philippa Marrack
* 1996 Zena Werb
* 1997 Claude Klee
* 1998 Eva Neer
* 1999 Helen Blau
* 2000 Peng Loh
* 2001 Laurie Glimcher
* 2002 Phyllis Wise 
* 2003 Joan A. Steitz
* 2004 Janet Rossant
* 2005 Anita Roberts
* 2006 Marilyn Farquhar da Elaine Fuchs
* 2007 Frances Arnold
* 2008 Mina J. Bissell
* 2009 Susan L. Lindquist
* 2010 Susan S. Taylor 
* 2011 Gail R. Martin
* 2012 Susan R. Wessler 
* 2013 Terry Orr-Weaver 
* 2014 Kathryn V. Anderson
* 2015 Diane Griffin 
* 2016 Bonnie Bassler 
* 2017 Diane Mathis 
* 2018 Lynne E. Maquat 
* 2019 Barbara B. Kahn 
* 2020 : 

:: Nasarar Rayuwa: Brigid Hogan 
:: Mai bincike na tsakiya: Aviv Regev 
:: Mai bincike na farko: Karen Schindler 

* 2021:

:: Nasarar Rayuwa: Mista Celeste Simon 
:: Mai bincike na tsakiya: Valentina Greco 
:: Mai bincike na farko: Cigall Kadoch  

* 2022:

:: Nasarar Rayuwa: Arlene H. Sharpe 
:: Mai bincike na tsakiya: Sallie R. Permar 
:: Mai bincike na farko: Smita Krishnaswamy 

* 2023:

:: Nasarar Rayuwa: Elaine S. Jaffe 
:: Mai bincike na tsakiya: Paola Arlotta 
:: Mai bincike na farko: Diana Libuda 

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin lambobin yabo na ilmin halitta

## Manazarta
Elizabeth Hay

* Elizabeth Hay (mai rubutun ra'ayi)  (an haife ta a shekara ta 1951), marubuciyar Kanada
* Elizabeth Monroe Hay, cikakken sunan Eliza Monroe Hay (1786-1840) 
* Elizabeth Wellesley, Duchess na Wellington (1820-1904), *An haife ta* Lady Elizabeth Hay, 'yar Burtaniya
* Elizabeth Hay, Countess na Erroll (1801-1856), matar Earl na Erroll
* Betty Hay (1927-2007), masanin kimiyyar halittu na Amurka

## Dubi kuma

* Liz Hayes (an haife ta a shekara ta 1956), mai gabatar da talabijin na Australia
Ellen Vitetta

**Ellen S. Vitetta** ita ce darakta na Cibiyar Kula da Ciwon daji a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Kudu maso Yammacin Jami'ar Texas a Dallas .

## Rayuwa ta farko
Vitetta ta sami digiri na farko a Kwalejin Connecticut kuma ta sami digiri a makarantun likitanci da digiri na Jami'ar New York. 

## Ayyuka
Vitetta farfesa ce a fannin ilimin microbiology da immunology, darektan Cibiyar Immunobiology ta Ciwon daji, kuma tana riƙe da kujerar Sheryle Simmons Patigian Distinguished Chair a cikin Cibiyar Immuobiology ta Siwon daji da kuma kujerar koyarwa ta musamman a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Kudu maso Yammacin Texas a Dallas. Ta wallafa takardu 500, ta shirya littattafai da yawa, kuma ta kasance mai kirkiro a kan takardun shaida 24 da aka bayar. An san ta a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan masana kimiyya 100 da aka fi ambaton su a duniya.

Vitetta masanin ilimin rigakafi ne wanda ke gudanar da bincike na fassara ("bench to bedside"). Tare da abokan aikinta, ita ce ta farko da ta bayyana IgD a saman murine B cells kuma ta gano Interleukin-4. Kungiyar bincikenta ta nuna cewa IL-4 ta yi aiki a matsayin "mai sauyawa" ga Ig akan sel B. A cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata, ta haɓaka "makamai masu linzami" na maganin rigakafi don yin niyya da kawar da ƙwayoyin cutar kansa da ƙwayoyan da suka kamu da cutar kanjamau. Wadannan sababbin hanyoyin warkewa an yi nazari sosai a cikin al'adun nama, samfuran dabbobi, kuma, tun daga 1988, a cikin batutuwa sama da 300 na mutane. A shekara ta 2001, Vitetta ta samu nasarar samar da allurar rigakafi ricin, wanda aka gudanar da kimantawa a gwajin asibiti na farko na irin sa.

Vitetta memba ne na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa, Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka, Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya da Kwalejin Microbiology ta Amurka. Ita ce masanin kimiyya na farko daga Texas da aka zaba zuwa Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa. Ita ce memba mai kafa R. Franklin Society . Ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar kungiyar American Association of Immunologists a shekarar 1994  kuma ta sami lambar yabo ta Mentoring a shekarar 2002 da kuma lambar yabo ta Lifetime Achievement a shekarar 2007.  A shekara ta 2006, an zabe ta zuwa Hall of Fame na Mata na Texas . A halin yanzu tana aiki a kwamitin masu ba da shawara na Masana kimiyya da Injiniyoyi na Amurka, ƙungiyar da ke mai da hankali kan inganta kimiyya mai kyau a cikin gwamnatin Amurka.

Tsohuwar ɗalibar Vitetta, Linda Buck, ta lashe kyautar Nobel a fannin ilimin lissafi ko magani a shekara ta 2004.

## Kyaututtuka da girmamawa

* 2007 American Association of Immunologists Lifetime Achievement Award 
* Kwamitin gudanarwa na TAMEST (2007) 
* Gidan shahararrun mata na Texas (2006) 
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya (2006) 
* Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka (2003) 
* Kyautar Mentoring, Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun (2002) 
* Kyautar Charlotte Friend, Ƙungiyar Amurka don Binciken Ciwon daji (2002) 
* Kyautar Rosenthal, Ƙungiyar Amurka don Binciken Ciwon daji (1995) 
* Shugaba, Ƙungiyar Masu Kula da Rigakafin Ruwa ta Amurka (1994) 
* Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa (1994) 
* Kyautar FASEB a Kimiyya (1991) 
* Kwalejin Kwalejin Microbiology ta Amurka

## Manazarta
Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah

Dr **Ndemupelila Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah** (an haife sh 29 ga Oktoba 1952), wanda ake yi wa lakabi da NNN,   ɗan siyasan Namibia ne wanda ya zama zababben shugaban ƙasar Namibiya bayan ya ci zaben shugaban ƙasa a ranar 3 ga Disamba 2024. An shirya za ta zama shugabar Namibiya ta biyar kuma mace ta farko da za ta rike wannan matsayiTanaTanaTanaTana aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar shugaban kasar Namibia na uku tun watan Fabrairun 2024. Ta kasance mace ta farko ta SWAPO 'yar takarar shugaban kasa a babban zaben Namibia na 2024. A shekarar 2017, an zabi Nandi-Ndaitwah a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar kungiyar SWAPO, mace ta farko da ta fara aiki a wannan matsayi.

A baya Dr Nandi-Ndaitwah ta taba rike mukamin mataimakiyar firaministan kasar Namibiya daga shekarar 2015 zuwa 2024, ministar huldar kasa da kasa da hadin gwiwa daga Disamba 2012 zuwa 2015, da kuma ministar muhalli da yawon bude ido daga Maris 2010 zuwa Disamba 2012. Ta kasance mamba ta dadewa a majalisar dokokin kasar.
## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Netumbo Nandi a ranar 29 ga Oktoba 1952 ga Justina Nekoto Shaduka-Nandi da Petrus Nandi a Onamutai, Afirka ta Kudu maso Yamma, a yau kusa da iyakar yankin Ohangwena da yankin Oshana, Namibiya.  Mahaifinta limamin Anglican ne. Ita ce ta tara a cikin yara 13. Ndaitwah ya yi karatu a Ofishin Jakadancin St. Mary a Odibo.

Nandi-Ndaitwah ta shiga siyasa tun tana matashiya, inda ta shiga sahun SWAPO tana da shekaru 14. Ba da dadewa ba ta zama shugabar kungiyar matasa ta SWAPO, inda ta yi yaki don kawo karshen mamayar Afirka ta Kudu. Nan da nan sai Nandi-Ndaitwah ta zama abin da ‘yan adawa suka yi mata hari, wanda hakan ya tilasta mata boyewa

## Sana'ar siyasa

Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah in 2015
Dokta Nandi-Ndaitwah ta zama mataimakiyar wakilin SWAPO a kasar Zambiya daga 1976 zuwa 1978 da kuma babbar wakiliya a Zambiya daga 1978 zuwa 1980. Daga 1980 zuwa 1986, ta kasance babbar jami'ar SWAPO a gabashin Afirka, da ke Dar es Salaam. Ta kasance mamba a kwamitin tsakiya na SWAPO daga 1976 zuwa 1986 da kuma shugabar kungiyar mata ta Namibia (NANAWO) daga 1991 zuwa 1994.

Ta kasance mamba a Majalisar Dokokin Namibiya tun 1990. Ta kasance mataimakiyar ministar hulda da kasa da kasa da hadin gwiwa daga 1990 zuwa 1996 kuma ta fara zama minista a 1996 a matsayin darekta-janar na harkokin mata a ofishin shugaban kasa, inda ta yi aiki har zuwa 2000. A cikin 2000 an ba ta mukamin minista kuma an ba ta mukamin minista kuma an ba ta mukamin minista.

Daga 2005 zuwa 2010, ta kasance ministar yada labarai da yada labarai a majalisar ministocin Namibiya. Daga baya ta yi aiki a matsayin ministar muhalli da yawon bude ido har zuwa wani babban sauyi na majalisar ministoci a watan Disamba na 2012, inda aka nada ta ministar harkokin waje,  wani fayil tun lokacin da aka sake masa suna zuwa hulda da hadin gwiwa ta kasa da kasa.

## Manazarta
Gwen Moore

**Gwendolynne Sophia Moore** (an Haife ta Afrilu 18, 1951) yar siyasar Amurka ce da ke aiki a matsayin wakilin Amurka na gundumar 4th na Wisconsin tun daga 2005. A cikin 2016, an zaɓi Moore don yin aiki a matsayin bulala na ƙungiyar Black Caucus na Majalisa na Majalisar. Ita 'yar jam'iyyar Democrat ce. Gundumarta tana cikin Milwaukee kuma a sakamakon sake rarrabawar 2011 kuma ta haɗa da wasu yankunan gundumar Milwaukee: Bayside, Brown Deer, Cudahy, Fox Point, Glendale, St. Francis, South Milwaukee, West Milwaukee, Shorewood, da Whitefish Bay. Moore ita ce mace ta farko da ta wakilci gundumar kuma mace ta biyu bayan Tammy Baldwin kuma Ba’amurke Ba’amurke ta farko da aka zaba a Majalisa daga Wisconsin.

## Rayuwar baya, karatu da aiki
An haifi Moore a Racine, amma ta shafe yawancin rayuwarta a Milwaukee. Ita ce ta takwas a cikin yara tara; mahaifinta ma'aikacin masana'anta ne, mahaifiyarta kuma malamin makarantar gwamnati ne. Moore ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Arewa kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar majalisar ɗalibai. Ta sami digiri na farko a fannin kimiyyar siyasa a 1973.

A matsayin mai shiryawa tare da AmeriCorps VISTA, Moore ta yi aiki don kafa Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ci gaban Al'umma ta Cream City don ba da tallafi da lamuni ga mazauna masu karamin karfi don fara kasuwanci. Don aikinta, an ba ta lambar yabo ta kasa "VISTA Volunteer of the Decade" daga 1976 zuwa 1986. Daga 1985 zuwa 1989, ta yi aiki da birnin Milwaukee a matsayin mai tsara dabarun raya unguwa da kuma Ma'aikatar Harkokin Aiki ta Jiha da Harkokin Kiwon Lafiya da Sabis na Jama'a. Moore ya kuma yi aiki da Hukumar Kula da Gidaje da Tattalin Arziki ta Wisconsin (WHEDA) a matsayin jami'in gidaje.

## Majalisar Wisconsin
An zaɓi Moore a Majalisar Wisconsin a cikin 1988 kuma ta yi aiki sau biyu tana wakiltar gundumar 7th. Ta kasance fitacciyar muryar da ke kira da a gudanar da bincike kan lamarin mai kisan gilla Jeffrey Dahmer, wanda ke zaune a yankuna biyu daga Moore.

A cikin 1992, an zaɓi Moore a Majalisar Dattijai ta Jihar Wisconsin, inda ta wakilci gundumar 4th daga 1993 zuwa 2005. Ita ce mace ta farko Ba-Amurke da aka zaba a majalisar dattijai ta jihar[abubuwan da ake buƙata] kuma ta zama babbar murya game da matakan tsaro na ID na wajibi don shiga Capitol. Ta ce, "Ana tuna min da [9/11] mai garkuwa da mutane Mohammed Atta yana da ID na hoto. Wannan ba zai gaya wa mutane ko ni dan ta'adda ba ne.

## Manazarta
Val Demings

**Valdez Venita Demings** (née Butler; an haife ta Maris 12, 1957) yar siyasar Amurka ce kuma tsohuwar yar sanda wadda ta yi aiki a matsayin wakilin Amurka a gundumar majalisa ta 10 ta Florida daga 2017 zuwa 2023. Gundumar ta rufe galibin rabin yammacin Orlando kuma ta haɗa da yawancin yankin da ke kusa da wuraren shakatawa na Orlando. Ya haɗa da yawancin yankunan yammacin Orlando, gami da Apopka da Lambun hunturu. Daga 2007 zuwa 2011, Demings ta yi aiki a matsayin mace ta farko shugabar hukumar 'yan sanda ta Orlando, inda ta rufe aiki na tsawon shekaru 27 a aikin tabbatar da doka. Ta kuma kasance uwargidan shugaban kasa ta Orange County, Florida, tun daga Disamba 4, 2018, lokacin da aka rantsar da mijinta Jerry Demings a matsayin Magajin Gari.

Gundumar ta rufe yawancin rabin yammacin Orlando kuma ta ƙunshi yawancin wuraren da ke kusa da wuraren shakatawa na Orlando. Ya haɗa da yawancin yankunan yammacin Orlando, gami da Apopka da Lambun hunturu. Daga 2007 zuwa 2011, Demings ta yi aiki a matsayin mace ta farko shugabar hukumar 'yan sanda ta Orlando, inda ta rufe aiki na tsawon shekaru 27 a aikin tabbatar da doka. Ta kuma kasance uwargidan shugaban kasa ta Orange County, Florida, tun daga Disamba 4, 2018, lokacin da aka rantsar da mijinta Jerry Demings a matsayin Magajin Gari.

An haifi Valdez Venita Butler a ranar 12 ga Maris, 1957, ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'ya bakwai da aka haifa ga dangi matalauta; mahaifinta ya yi aiki a matsayin mai kula, mahaifiyarta a matsayin kuyanga. Sun zauna a Mandarin, wata unguwa a Jacksonville, Florida. Ta halarci makarantun keɓe a cikin 1960s kuma ta sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Wolfson a 1975.

Bayan kammala karatunta daga kwaleji, Demings ta yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jin daɗin jama'a a Jacksonville tsawon watanni 18.

## Rayuwar baya da karatu
Demings ta zama mai sha'awar yin aiki a cikin tilasta bin doka bayan ya yi aiki a cikin " sintiri na makaranta " a Dupont Junior High School. Ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar Florida, inda ta kammala karatun digiri a fannin laifuka a 1979. A cikin 1996, Demings ya sami digiri na biyu a cikin gudanarwar jama'a daga Jami'ar Webster Orlando.

A cikin 1983, Demings ta nemiaiki tare da Sashen 'yan sanda na Orlando (OPD); Aikinta na farko yana sintiri ne a gefen yamma na Orlando. An nada Demings shugaban sashen 'yan sanda na Orlando a cikin 2007, ta zama mace ta farko da ta jagoranci sashen. Daga 2007 zuwa 2011, ta lura da raguwar laifukan tashin hankali da kashi 40%.

## Manazarta
Maixabel

***Maixabel*** (Fim din wasan kwaikwayo na Mutanen Espanya ne na 2021 wanda Icíar Bollaín ya jagoranta kuma Bollaín da Isa Campo suka rubuta shi. Tauraron fim din Blanca Portillo da Luis Tosar tare da Bruno Sevilla, Urko Olazabal da María Cerezuela kuma ya dogara ne akan labarin gaskiya na Maixabel Lasa, wata mace wacce ETA ta kashe mijinta, Juan María Jáuregui, kungiyar baskar ta Basque, kuma ta karɓi gayyatar yin magana da masu kisan mijinta shekaru goma sha ɗaya bayan haka.

## Labarin Fim
Maixabel Lasa ta rasa mijinta, Juan María Jáuregui, a cikin 2000 a hannun ETA.Daga baya ta zama darakta na ofishin Basque na wadanda ke fama da ta'addanci.An yanke wa masu kisan Jáuregui hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku inda suka fara ƙin tashin hankali.Shekaru goma sha ɗaya bayan haka, ta sami gayyatar yin hira daga ɗaya daga cikin masu kisan mijinta, wanda ke yin hukuncinsa a kurkuku a Nanclares de la Oca a Alava, bayan ya yanke alakarsa da ƙungiyar ta'addanci. Duk da shakku da zafi mai yawa, Maixabel ta yarda da gayyatar kuma ta fuskanci mutumin da ya kashe mijinta.

## Ƴan Wasan Fim
 * Blanca Portillo as Maixabel Lasa
* Luis Tosar as Ibon Etxezarreta
* Bruno Sevilla as Luichi
* Urko Olazabal as Luis Carrasco
*  as María
*  as Patxi Makazaga

## Fitarwa
Manufar fim din ta fito ne daga masu samarwa, Koldo Zuazua da Juan Moreno, wadanda suka sami tayin ba da labarin Maixabel Lasa tare da marubucin fim Isa Campo a cikin 2018. Kowalski Films da FeelGood ne suka samar da fim din, kuma yana da halartar EiTB, TVE, da Movistar +, tallafi daga ICAA, Gwamnatin Basque, , da kuma hadin gwiwar Hukumar Fim ta Gipuzkoa.[es] An harbe shi a wurare daban-daban na Gipuzkoa da Alava a cikin Basque Country, Spain. Alberto Iglesias ne ya kirkiro kiɗa don fim ɗin, Javier Agirre Erauso shi ne mai daukar hoto kuma Mikel Serrano shi ne mai tsarawa, wasu ƙididdigar sun haɗa da Alazne Ameztoy (sauti), Clara Bilbao (kayan ado), Karmele Soler (mai yin gyare-gyare), Sergio Pérez (mai ba da gashi) da Nacho Ruiz Capillas (mai gyarawa).

## Saki
An nuna fim din a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na San Sebastián na shekara ta 2021. An rarraba ta Buena Vista International,  an sake shi a cikin fina-finai a Spain a ranar 24 ga Satumba, 2021. 

## Karɓuwa
A shafin yanar gizon mai tarawa na Rotten Tomatoes, fim din yana da amincewar amincewa na 100% bisa ga sake dubawa 6, tare da matsakaicin darajar 7.30. Juan Pando na Fotogramas ya kimanta fim din hudu daga cikin taurari biyar yana rubuta cewa "Bollaín ya nuna kyakkyawan umurni na sana'arta a cikin wannan, fim din da ya fi dacewa". Jonathan Holland daga Screendaily ya yi sharhi cewa fim din "bincike ne mai kyau da kuma bincike mai zurfi game da tasirin ta'addanci". 

## Godiya gaisuwa

## Duba kuma

* Jerin fina-finai na Mutanen Espanya na 2021

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

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