Kogin Cuando

**Kogin Cuando** kogi ne a kudu maso tsakiyar Afirka wanda ya ratsa ta Angola da *Caprivi Strip* na Namibia kuma ya shiga Linyanti *Swamp* da ke iyakar Botswana a arewacin. A kasan fadamar, ana kiran kogin **Kogin Linyanti** kuma, can gabas sosai, **Kogin Chobe**, kafin ya kwarara zuwa Kogin Zambezi.

## Hanya

**Cuando** yana hawa a tsakiyar tsaunukan Angola a gangaren Dutsen Tembo, can daga can yana kwararo kudu maso gabas kan iyakar Zambiya. A wannan isa yana gudana a cikin wasu tashoshi a cikin babban layin fadama mai tsawon kilomita 5-10 (taswira ta 1: iyaka da Zambiya ita ce gabar gabas na wannan ambaliyar, ba tashar kogi ba). Kamar yadda yake da dukkan koguna a kudu maso tsakiyar Afirka, yawan kwararar da yake yi ya banbanta sosai tsakanin lokacin damina lokacin da zai yi ambaliya kuma zai iya zama kilomita da yawa a fadi, da kuma lokacin rani lokacin da zai iya bacewa zuwa fadama.

**Cuando** tana ci gaba a tasharta ta fadama a wuyan Caprivi Strip na Namibia (taswira, 2) sannan ta samar da iyaka tsakanin Namibia da Botswana yayin da ta ci gaba kudu maso gabas. Kimanin shekaru 10,014 da suka wuce, Cuando ya hadu da Kogin Okavango kuma suka kwarara zuwa kudu zuwa tafkin Makgadikgadi (wanda yake shi ne wani yanki mai dausayi a lokutan yanzu), amma ƙasar da ke wannan yankin ta sami daukaka. Sakamakon haka Cuando yanzu ya hadu da Kasa mafi tsayi (taswira, 4) kuma ya ratse zuwa tashoshi da yawa da guguwa (da ake kira Linyanti Swamp) waɗanda ke cike da tsibiran alluvial, kusan sun ɓace a cikin yashi Kalahari kamar Okavango (taswira, 5). Amma maimakon haka sai ya karkata zuwa gabas kuma Zambezi ya kama shi. Gudun yana juyawa sosai gabas, har yanzu yana kan iyaka da Botswana. A lokacin rani akwai kananan hanyoyin budewa ta hanyar fadama da fadama. Farawa daga wannan lokacin an san shi da Linyanti (taswira, 6), kuma bayan ya gudana ta cikin wani tafki na zamani, Lake Liambesi (map, 7), ana kiransa Chobe (taswira, 8). Daga nan sai kogin ya kwarara zuwa cikin Zambezi wanda yake saman jirgin Kazungula (taswira, 9).

A cikin shekaru lokacin da Okavango ya sami kyakkyawan ambaliya sai wasu ruwa ya tsere zuwa gabas tare da busasshiyar hanyar Magwekwana River (wanda aka fi sani da Selinda Spillway) zuwa Linyanti Swamp, don haka ya shiga tafkin Zambezi. Hanyar Selinda Spillway da Kogin Boteti su ne kawai mashigar jirgin ruwan Okavango.

A gefen arewacin Kogin Chobe akwai Caprivi Swamps, a gefen gefen hagu babban birni ne na mutanen Kololo waɗanda suka ci Barotseland a ƙarni na 19.

Yawancin ruwa na Cuando, Linyanti da Chobe sun ɓace saboda rashin ruwa a cikin gulbin ruwa daban-daban saboda gudummawar da take bayarwa ga kwararar Zambezi ba ta da yawa sai dai a wasu lokutan da ambaliyar take wuce gona da iri.

*Bifurcation* na shekara-shekara na Selinda Spillway (ko Kogin Magweggana), a kan Kogin Cuando, ya hadu da Kalahari Basin da Zambezi Basin.

## Dabbobin daji
Tsarin **Cuando** na lura dashi don namun daji kuma mafi yawan tsawonsa ana kiyaye kasa ko wanne bangare azaman ajiyar wasa ko wuraren kula da namun daji. Wasu daga cikin wadannan sun sha wahala a lokacin yake-yake da rikice-rikice a Namibia da Angola, amma da zaman lafiya ya dawo cikin waɗannan kasashen suna da damar komawa tsohuwar jihar su.

Filin shakatawa na kasa ta inda yake ratsawa ko kuma kan iyakarta sune:

* Coutada Publica do Luiana (Angola)
* Sioma Ngwezi National Park (Zambia)
* Bwabwata National Park (Namibia)
* Mudumu National Park (Namibia)
* Nkasa Rupara National Park (Namibia)
* Chobe National Park (Botswana)

## Manazarta

## Majiya

* "Afrique Centre et Sud", Carte Routiere et Touristique Michelin, Paris (1996)
* C. Michael Hogan (2008) *Makgadikgadi*, ed. A. Burnham, Makgadikgadi Ancient Village or Settlement, The Megalithic Portal and Megalith Map: http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=22373&mode=&order=0
* Robert Mepham, R. H. Hughes, G. M. Bernacsek (1992) A Directory of African Wetlands, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, United Nations Environment Programme, World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 820 pages