Eileen Nearne

**Eileen Mary** "**Didi**" **Nearne** MBE, Croix de Guerre (15 Maris 1921  - 2 Satumba 2010 (ranar da aka samu)) ta kasance memba na Babban Jami'in Ayyuka na Musamman na Burtaniya (SOE) a Faransa a lokacin Yaƙin juriya na II .  Manufar SOE ita ce gudanar da leken asiri, sabuntawa, da bincike a cikin ƙasashen da Nazi Jamus da sauran ikon Axis suka mamaye. Jami'an SOE sun haɗa kai da kungiyoyin adawa kuma sun ba su makamai da kayan aiki da aka saukar daga Ingila. 

Nearne ta yi aiki a matsayin mai aiki da rediyo a ƙarƙashin sunan sirri "Rose. "  (Faransa mai aiki Andrée Peel kuma an san shi da Agent Rose.) Jamusawa sun kama ta kuma aka ɗaure ta a sansanin Ravensbrück, amma ta tsira daga yakin.

## Rayuwa ta farko da aiki
An haife ta a 1921 a Landan  ga mahaifin Ingilishi, John Nearne, da mahaifiyar Mutanen Espanya, Marie de Plazoala, ita ce ƙarama cikin yara huɗu. Babbar 'yar'uwarta, Jacqueline Nearne, da ɗaya daga cikin' yan uwanta biyu, Francis, za su zama masu aiki na SOE.

A cikin 1923, iyalin suka koma Faransa, inda Nearne ya zama mai iya magana da Faransanci. Bayan mamayewar Jamus a 1940, matasan mata biyu sun tafi London ta hanyar Barcelona, Madrid, Lisbon, Gibraltar da Glasgow, yayin da sauran dangin suka kasance a Grenoble. Lokacin da ta isa Ingila an ba ta sabis a cikin WAAF tana aiki a kan balloons, amma ta ƙi wannan kuma SOE ta ɗauke ta. Ya shiga cikin First Aid Nursing Yeomanry FANY, Nearne ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da sigina na gida, yana karɓar saƙonnin sirri daga jami'ai a fagen, yawanci ana rubuta shi da tawada marar ganuwa a bayan haruffa. An tura 'yar'uwarta Jacqueline zuwa Faransa don aiki a matsayin mai aikawa. Ya kamata 'yan'uwa mata su ɓoye matsayinsu daga juna, amma ba su yi nasara ba.

Jirgin saman Westland Lysander ya tashi zuwa wani filin kusa da Les Lagnys, Saint-Valentin a Indre, Faransa, a ƙarshen sa'o'i na 2 ga Maris da farkon sa'o-i na 3 ga Maris 1944 tare da Jean Savy don aiki a matsayin mai aiki mara waya don cibiyar sadarwa ta Wizard a matsayin wani ɓangare na Operation Mitchel . Labarin murfinta shi ne cewa ita *Mademoiselle du Tort* ce (kuma ta amfani da sunan *Jacqueline Duterte* da Alice Wood).  Yin amfani da sunan lambar "Rose", an ba ta aikin taimakawa Savy ya kafa cibiyar sadarwa a Paris da ake kira "Wizard"; manufarta, ba kamar cibiyoyin sadarwar da aka keɓe don sabotage ba, ita ce shirya hanyoyin samar da kuɗi ga Resistance. Matsayin Nearne shine kula da hanyar sadarwa mara waya zuwa London, kuma a cikin watanni biyar masu zuwa ta aika saƙonni 105.

Savy ta koma London tare da muhimman bayanai game da bama-bamai masu tashi na V-1 na Jamus, ta bar Nearne da kanta. Kodayake ba ta san shi a lokacin ba, wannan jirgin sama wanda ya kai Savy gida ya kuma ɗauki 'yar'uwarta, Jacqueline, wacce ta kammala watanni 15 a filin. Nearne ya yi aiki a cibiyar sadarwa ta "Spiritualist".

An kama ta a ranar 25 ga Yulin 1944 bayan an gano mai watsawa. Ta tafi gidanta mai aminci don isar da saƙo na gaggawa game da umarnin shugabanta. Yayin da take gamawa ta ji karar ta yi bugawa daga gidan da ke kusa da ita don haka ta cika kuma ta ɓoye kayan aikinta kuma ta lalata sakonni. Lokacin da ta ji ta buga ƙofar ta sai ta buɗe ta kuma wani mutum ya fuskanci ta yana nuna bindiga a fuskarta. An bincika gidan kuma an gano kayan rediyo da bindigar ta don haka aka kama ta, aka ɗaure ta kuma aka kore ta zuwa Paris. Nearne "ya tsira, a cikin shiru, da cikakken tashin hankali na wanka" a cikin ɗakin azabtarwa na hedkwatar Gestapo ta Paris a kan Rue des Saussaies .

An ruwaito cewa ta yi nasarar shawo kan wadanda suka kama ta, a karkashin azabtarwa, cewa tana aika sakonni ga wani dan kasuwa, ba tare da sanin cewa shi dan Burtaniya ne ba. A ranar 15 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1944, an tura ta sansanin fursuna na Ravensbrück inda ta ki yin aikin kurkuku. An aske kanta kuma an gaya mata cewa za a harbe ta idan ta ci gaba da ki. Daga nan aka tura ta sansanin tilasta aiki a Silesia. Yayinda take daya daga cikin wadannan kurkuku an ruwaito cewa an azabtar da ita.

A ranar 13 ga Afrilu 1945 ta tsere tare da 'yan mata biyu na Faransa daga ƙungiyar aiki ta hanyar ɓoyewa a cikin gandun daji, daga baya ta yi tafiya ta hanyar Markkleeberg, inda SS ta kama su amma ta sake su bayan sun yaudari masu kama su kuma an ruwaito cewa wani firist ya ɓoye su a Leipzig har zuwa zuwan sojojin Amurka. 

## Kyaututtuka da girmamawa
Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na II, gwamnatin Faransa ta ba ta lambar yabo ta Croix de Guerre .  A ranar 19 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1946 Sarki George VI ya nada ta a matsayin memba na Order of the British Empire (MBE) don "hidimomi a Faransa a lokacin mamayar abokan gaba".  

## Shekaru na baya da mutuwa
Bayan yakin Nearne ta zauna a London tare da 'yar'uwarta, Jacqueline, inda, The New York Times ta ruwaito, ta sha wahala daga "matsalar tunanin da ta kawo ta hanyar aikinta na lokacin yaƙi".Torquay, Eileen Nearne, her body undiscovered for several days, was listed by local officials as a candidate for what is known in Britain as a council burial, or what in the past was called a pauper's grave.quot;}},quot;iquot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mw0A\">nbsp; (21 September 2010). .  2010. "}}" id="cite_ref-NYT_4-1" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[1] Bayan rasuwar 'yar'uwarta a 1982, ta koma Torquay kuma ta zauna a can a hankali. A shekara ta 1993 ta yi tafiya zuwa Ravensbruck tare da 'yan uwanta jami'an SOE, membobin kungiyar Sojoji ta Musamman, FANY da WAAF don keɓe takarda ga jami'an hudu da aka kashe a can a shekara ta 1945. Nearne ta yi magana game da ayyukanta na lokacin yaƙi a cikin shirin talabijin na Timewatch a cikin 1997, amma ta sa wig, kuma ta yi magana a Faransanci a ƙarƙashin sunanta "Rose", kuma ba a san ayyukanta na yaƙi ba.[1]

Ta mutu ita kaɗai daga ciwon zuciya a cikin gidanta na bakin teku. An yi tunanin cewa jikinta bai gano ba har wani lokaci har sai an same ta a ranar 2 ga Satumba 2010; tana da shekaru 89. Sai kawai lokacin da ma'aikatan majalisa ke bincika gidanta don ƙoƙarin kafa danginta na kusa da aka sami lambobin yabo da sauran takardu da suka shafi aikin yaƙi.

Dangi na gaba, dan uwanta, yana zaune a Italiya kuma ya ce ta yi fushi cewa an nuna Nearne a matsayin "mai zaman kansa ko mara ƙauna", ya kara da cewa, "Ko da yake ba ni zaune a Burtaniya, ina kusa da Aunty Eileen kuma ina ziyarta sau da yawa. Na gan ta watanni shida da suka gabata. Iyalin suna ƙaunar ta koyaushe".

An gudanar da jana'izar Nearne, wacce aka bayar kyauta ta hanyar Torbay & District Funeral Service of Torquay, a ranar 21 ga Satumba 2010 a Our Lady Help of Christians da St Denis Roman Catholic Church, Torquay .  Adrian Stones, Shugaban Kungiyar Sojoji ta Musamman ne ya yi jawabin. An ƙone jikinta, kuma an watsar da toka a cikin teku, bisa ga sha'awarta. Nearne ta mutu ba tare da izini ba kuma dukiyarta ta kusan £ 13,000 ta tafi ga 'yar uwarta a Tuscany, Italiya, bisa ga shirin BBC One Heir Hunters; jerin 6, fasalin 1.

## Manazarta