Harshen Secoya

**Secoya** (kuma Sieko Coca, Paicoca, Airo Pãi) yare ne na Yammacin Tucanoan wanda Mutanen Secoya na Ecuador da Peru ke magana.

Daga cikin Secoya akwai mutane da yawa da ake kira Angoteros. Kodayake yarensu ya ƙunshi wasu bambance-bambance na yaren Secoya, babu wasu matsalolin sadarwa. Siona na Kogin Eno, wanda ya bambanta da Siona na Putumayo, ya ce akwai bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci tsakanin yarensu da Secoya, amma har yanzu ana ɗaukar su a matsayin wani ɓangare na su. A cikin wallafe-wallafen ethnographic, Secoya suna tafiya da wasu sunaye daban-daban: Encabellado, Pioje (ma'anar "a'a" a Secoya),  Santa Maria, da Angutera. 

## Fasahar sauti

### Tsayar da Murya
Tsayar da murya /p, t, k, kw/ iri ɗaya ne da Mutanen Espanya, duk da haka burin ya fi bayyana a cikin Secoya. Ana furta sautin /t/ tare da ƙarshen harshe yana hulɗa da hakora na sama. Ana kiran /kw/ mai laushi kamar /k/, amma tare da zagaye na leɓuna. Tsayar da /ʔ/ kusan ya ɓace lokacin da damuwa mai ƙarfi a kan syllable na baya bai faru ba.

### Dakatarwar Murya
A cikin mahallin intervocalic, ana yin sautin murya /d/ ta hanyar bambancin sauƙi [r], daidai da Mutanen Espanya /r/. Ana yin magana ta hanci tare da ma'anar hanci [n].

### Muradin
Alamomin da ba su da murya /sh/ da /h/ dukansu suna bayyana a cikin matsayi na alveolar, yana mai da su da wuya a rarrabe su. Ana furta /s/ dan kadan kuma yana ƙayyade tsawo mai laushi kafin wasula mara matsin lamba. Sautin /zh/ yana da wasu damuwa na laryngeal kuma yana nuna laryngealization a kan wasula da ke kusa.

### Hanci
Ana kiran ma'anar hanci /m/ kamar yadda yake a cikin Mutanen Espanya. Sauti **n**, wanda yake sauti a wasu yarukan Yammacin Tucanoan, yana ƙunshe a cikin Secoya a matsayin bambancin muryar murya / d/.

### Gilashin
Gilashin /w/ da /y/ kusan daidai ne da wasula /u/ da /i/ bi da bi, amma sun fi dacewa. /w/ yayi kama da *hu* a cikin Mutanen Espanya "huevo". Lokacin da ya faru a kusa da wasula ta hanci, [w] ya zama nasalized. Ana kiran /y/ kusan kamar haka a cikin Mutanen Espanya, amma Secoya yana bayyana shi tare da ɗan rikici. Lokacin da ya faru tare da wasula ta hanci, sakamakon ya zama nasalized kuma yana sauti kamar Mutanen Espanya **ñ**.

## Consonants & Vowels

### Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

### Sautin sautin
Ana yin wasula na baya tare da leɓuna masu zagaye kuma sauran ana yin su da leɓunan da ba a zagaye ba. Nasalization kuma ya bambanta tsakanin dukkan wasula.

## Yanayin Yanayi

### Sunaye
Ana rarrabe sunan a cikin Secoya, a mafi yawan siffofi, ta hanyar babban rukuni da takamaiman ɗayan. Hanyar asali na suna, ba tare da ƙayyadaddun ba, yana nuna rukunin gaba ɗaya (maza, yara, jiragen ruwa, duwatsu, ƙwai, da dai sauransu) ba tare da bayyana ƙayyadadden adadin abubuwa ba. Don nuna mutum ɗaya ko jam'i, wato, an kara wasu takamaiman abubuwa, masu rarraba suffix (a cikin yanayin sunayen marasa rai) ko ƙididdigar jinsi (a cikin batun sunayen masu rai). Don nuna takamaiman adadin abubuwa marasa rai, an kara ma'anar jam'i zuwa sunan. Lokacin da kalmar ke nufin wasu takamaiman abubuwa, muna amfani da takamaiman labarin a cikin fassarar Mutanen Espanya. Koyaya, ana iya fassara shi tare da labarin da ba a ƙayyade ba.

### Sunayen da ke raye-raye

#### Dabbobi
Sunayen da ke nuna dabbobi sun bayyana a cikin ainihin siffarsu ba tare da ƙayyadaddun ba don nuna nau'in gama gari. Don nuna mutum ɗaya, an ƙara *-e* ko *-o*. Don samar da sunan jam'i, an kara mai ƙayyadewa *hua'i* ga kowane nau'i biyu.

#### Mai ban mamaki da Ruhaniya
Sunayen da ke nuna halittu masu ban mamaki da jikin sama sun bayyana a cikin ainihin siffarsu don nuna duka nau'ikan a matsayin mutum ɗaya. Don samar da jam'i, ƙara *-o* da *hua'i*. Dukkanin wadannan halittu sun bayyana a matsayin haruffa a cikin tatsuniyoyin Secoya.

## Mutum/Lamba/Jima'i

### Mutumin
Sunayen da ke nuna mutane yawanci suna jagorantar ƙididdigar jinsi tare da namiji ko mace ɗaya. Don samar da sunan jam'i, an kara mai bayyanawa *hua'i*. Sunayen da ainihin nau'in su shine aikatau ko adjective jinsi suna ɗauke da *-ë* don namiji ɗaya ko *-o* don mace ɗaya. Bayan wasula /o/, ƙarshen namiji ya zama *-u* kuma bayan wasula /e/ da /i/, ya zama *-i*.  (Idan duka wasula biyu sun kasance iri ɗaya, ana rage wasula zuwa ɗaya) 

### Adadin
Lambar ta bayyana sunan shugaban a cikin hanyar da adjective ke yi. Tsarin su a cikin kalma mai suna yana gaban adjective, lokacin da duka biyun suka bayyana.

## manazarta