Rajendra K. Pachauri

**Rajendra Kumar Pachauri,** (20 ga watan Agustan 1940-13 ga watan Fabrairun Shekara ta 2020). ya kasance shugaban kwamitin Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) daga 2002 zuwa 2015,a lokacin zagaye na huɗu da na biyar. A ƙarƙashin jagorancinsa,an ba IPCC kyautar Nobel ta zaman lafiya a 2007,kuma ta gabatar da Rahoton bincike na Biyar,akan tushen kimiyya na Yarjejeniyar Paris.ya riƙe muƙamin daga 2002 har zuwa murabus ɗin sa a watan Fabrairun 2015,bayan ya fuskanci zarge-zarge da yawa nacin zarafin jima'i.A watan Maris na shekara ta 2022,an wanke shi daga zargin cin zarafin jima'i (Alƙalin na Kotun Saket).Hoesung Lee ne ya gajeshi. Pachauri ya ɗauki nauyin sa a matsayin Babban Darakta na Cibiyar Makamashi da albarkatu a 1981,kuma ya jagoranci cibiyar sama da shekaru talatin kuma ya sauka a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban TERI a 2016. Pachauri,wanda aka fi sani da Patchy, ya kasance sanannen murya a duniya game da batutuwan muhalli da manufofi, kuma jagorancinsa na IPCC ya ba da gudummawa ga batun canjin yanayi da ya haifar da mutum ya zama sananne a matsayin muhimmin damuwa na duniya.

## Tushe

An haifi Pachauri a NainitalIndiya.Yayi karatu a Kwalejin La Martiniere da ke Lucknow da kuma Cibiyar Nazarin Injiniya da Lantarki ta Indiya a Jamalpur, Bihar. Ya kasance daga cikin Aji na musamman na masu koyo a Railway a 1958, yayi wani shiri mai kyau wanda ya sanar da farkon ilimin injiniya, a Indiya. Ya fara aikin sa tare da Indian Railways a Diesel Locomotive Works a Varanasi. An shigar dashi a Jami'ar Jihar North Carolina da ke Raleigh, Amurka, in da ya sami Digiri na biyu a Injiniyan Masana'antu a 1972,da kuma PhD tare da manyan jami'ai a Injiniya da Tattalin Arziki a 1974. Rubutun digirin sa ya kasance mai taken, A dynamic model for forecasting of electrical energy demand in a wani takamaiman yankin da ke *[[North Carolina|Arewa]]* *da* *[[South Carolina|Kudancin Carolina.]]* Ya kasance mai cin ganyayyaki mai tsauri, galibi saboda "mahimmancin muhalli da canjin yanayi".

## Ayyuka
Yayi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Farfesa (Agusta 1974-Mayu 1975) da kuma ɓangaren Ma'aikata (Summer 1976 da 1977) a Ma'aikatar Tattalin Arziki da Kasuwanci a Jihar NC.Ya kasance Farfesa mai ziyara na Tattalin Arziki a Kwalejin Ma'adanai da Makamashi,Jami'ar West Virginia.A lokacin da ya dawo Indiya,ya shiga Kwalejin Ma'aikatan Gudanarwa ta Indiya,Hyderabad,a matsayin shugaban Ma'aikatar, a (Yuni 1975 - Yuni 1979) kuma ya ci gaba da zama Darakta,a Sashen Bincike da Bincike (Yuli 1979 - Maris 1981).Ya shiga Cibiyar Makamashi da albarkatu (TERI) a matsayin Darakta a shekarar 1982.Ya kuma kasance Babban Mai Ziyara a Cibiyar Nazarin Kasuwanci (1982),da kuma Mai Ziyarar Bincike a Bankin Duniya,Washington DC (1990).A ranar 20 ga Afrilun shekarar 2002, an zabi Pachauri a matsayin Shugaban Kwamitin Gwamnati kan Canjin Yanayi,kwamitin Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Duniya (WMO) da Shirin Muhalli na Majalisar Dinkinobho (UNEP) suka kafa don tantance bayanan da suka dace don fahimtar canjin yanayi.

Pachauri ya kasance a cikin Kwamitin Gwamnoni,da Gidauniyar Nazarin Kimiyya da Masana'antu ta Shriram a (Satumba 1987);Kwamitin Zartar wa na Cibiyar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Indiya,New Delhi (1985 zuwa gaba);da kuma Kotun Gwamnoni (Oktoba 1987 zuwa gaba); kuma yana ba da shawara ga kamfanoni kamar Pegasus Capital Advisors,Chicago Climate Exchange,Toyota,Deutsche Bank da NTPC.Ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na al'ummomi da kwamitoci da yawa.Ya kasance memba na kwamitin kungiyar International Solar Energy Society(1991-1997), Majalisar Cibiyar Kula da Makamashi ta Duniya (1992),yayin da yake Shugaban Majalisar Makamashi a Duniya (1993-1995),Shugaban ƙasa, sannan Shugaban Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Duniya (1988-1990),da Shugaban Cibiyar Makamashi na Asiya (Tun daga 1992). Ya kasance mai ba da shawara naɗan lokaci ga Shirin Cigaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (1994 - 1999) a fannonin Makamashi da Gudanar da Harkokin Al'adu.A watan Yulin shekara ta 2001, an nada R K Pachauri a matsayin memba, Majalisar Ba da Shawara ta Tattalin Arziki ga Firayim Minista na Indiya.

### Aiki tare da IPCC
A ranar 20 ga Afrilun shekarar 2002,an zabi Pachauri a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da aka kafa Kwamitin Gwamnati kan Canjin Yanayi.

Pachauri yayi magana game da batun canjin yanayi kuma ya ce,"Abin dake faruwa, kuma abinda zai iya faruwa, ya shawo kaina cewa duniya dolene ta kasance mai matuƙar buri kuma ta ƙuduri aniyar matsa wa zuwaga manufa 350."350 yana nufin mataki a cikin sassa na carbon dioxide miliyan a cikin yanayi cewa wasu masana kimiyya na yanayi kamar NASA's James Hansen sun yarda su zama iyaka mafi aminci don kauce wa yanayin yanayi. Ayyukansa tare da IPCC sun ƙare ba zato ba tsammani bayan zargin cin zarafin jima'i a kansa ya bayyana a kotunan Indiya.

### Kyautar Nobel ta zaman lafiya ta 2007 don IPCC

IPCC ta raba kyautar Nobel ta zaman lafiya a 2007,tare da tsohon Mataimakin Shugaban Amurka Al Gore, wanda a baya ya soki Pachauri lokacin da aka fara zaɓen shi a 2002.

A ranar 11 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2007, Pachauri (mai wakiltar mai karɓar IPCC) da mai karɓar Al Gore sun gabatar da jawabin karɓar su a wani bikin bayar da kyaututtuka a Oslo, Norway, a ranar da wakilai zuwa taron yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suka hadu a Bali, Indonesia. Pachauri ya yi nuni da imaninsa cewa falsafar Hindu ta "'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam', wanda ke nufin 'dukan sararin samaniya iyali ne,'" dole ne ya mamaye kokarin duniya don kare duniya. Komawa ga wannan taken a duk jawabinsa, ya nakalto shugaban Maldives a 1987 (Maumoon Abdul Gayoom):

: "...ma'aunin hauhawar matakin teku na mita biyu zai isa kusan nutse duk ƙasar na ƙananan tsibirai 1,190, mafi yawansu kusan sun tashi mita biyu sama da matakin teku. Wannan zai zama mutuwar wata al'umma. "

Pachauri ya jaddada damuwarsa akai-akai game da tasirin canjin yanayi ga kasashe mafi talauci a duniya, yana mai da hankali ga binciken da:

: "...sun tayar da barazanar ƙaurawar yawan jama'a, rikici, da yaƙi kan ruwa da sauran albarkatun, da kuma sake daidaita iko tsakanin al'ummomi. Wasu kuma suna nuna yiwuwar tashin hankali tsakanin kasashe masu arziki da matalauta, matsalolin kiwon lafiya da suka haifar musamman ta hanyar karancin ruwa da gazawar amfanin gona.

### Alkawari ga wasu kungiyoyi
Rajendra K. Pachauri ya kasance memba na kwamitin girmamawa na Fondation Chirac, tun lokacin da tsohon shugaban Faransa Jacques Chirac ya ƙaddamar da shi a 2008 don inganta zaman lafiya a duniya.

## Haskaka Biliyoyin Rayuwa
Pachauri ya tsara kuma ya ƙaddamar da shirin 'Lighting a Billion Live's (LaBL) na duniya a cikin 2008, don sauƙaƙe samun damar samun makamashi mai tsabta ga matalautan makamashi. Shirin ya dauki hasken rana zuwa wurare masu nisa kamar Sundarbans, West Bengal, Thar Desert, Rajasthan, da kuma jihar Bihar.  Kasancewa mai ba da shawara na farko don haɗuwa da samun damar dafa abinci mai tsabta da kuma hasken wuta, shirin ya sami nasarar tura dubban Integrated Domestic Energy Systems (IDES) a yankunan karkara da yankunan da ke nesa. Ya saita ma'auni da yawa kuma ya jaddada samun dama ga menu na zaɓuɓɓukan makamashi mai tsabta ga matalauta a wuraren mil na ƙarshe. LaBL kuma ya kasance dandamali ga masana'antun fasaha da yawa don farawa tare da kasuwanci a cikin sararin makamashi mai tsabta. Shirin yana da sawunsa a cikin kasashe 13 da jihohi 23 na Indiya.

## Rashin jituwa

### Zarge-zargen rikice-rikice na sha'awa da rashin daidaituwa na kuɗi
Christopher Booker da Richard North sun rubuta wata kasida ga Daily Telegraph a watan Janairun 2010 suna zargin yiwuwar rikice-rikice na sha'awa da suka shafi membobin Pachauri na kwamitin ONGC da kuma tallafin bincike ga TERI, wata cibiyar da ba ta da riba wacce Pachauri shine darakta janar. Sun ci gaba da zargin cewa akwai rashin daidaito na kudi a TERI Turai. Pachauri ya musanta duk zarge-zargen.

Dangane da zarge-zargen, kamfanin binciken KPMG ya gudanar da bita a buƙatar TERI. Binciken ya ce: "Ba a sami wata hujja da ta nuna fa'idodin kuɗi na sirri da aka samu ga Dokta Pachauri daga matsayinsa na mai ba da shawara daban-daban wanda zai haifar da rikici na sha'awa".  Rahoton ya bayyana manufofinsa da hanyoyinsa kuma ya bayyana cewa "Aikin da muka yi ya zama dole a wannan lokacin" kuma ya dogara ne akan bayanan da TERI, Pachauri da mai ba da shawara kan haraji suka bayar. A cikin wani gargadi bita ya bayyana cewa iyakarsa ta kasance "ya bambanta sosai da binciken kuma ba za a iya dogaro da shi ba don samar da irin wannan matakin tabbaci kamar binciken". KPMG ta bincika biyan kuɗi da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu suka yi kuma ta gano cewa an biya kuɗin da ya kai $ 326,399 ga TERI kanta, ba ga Pachauri ba. Ya sami albashi na shekara-shekara kawai daga TERI, wanda ya kai £ 45,000 a shekara, tare da matsakaicin kusan £ 2,174 daga kudaden shiga na waje. Bai sami biyan kuɗi don shugabancin IPCC ba.

A ranar 21 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2010, jaridar Daily Telegraph ta nemi gafara, tana mai cewa "ba ta da niyyar bayar da shawarar cewa Dr Pachauri ya cin hanci da rashawa ko kuma ya yi amfani da matsayinsa na shugaban IPCC kuma mun yarda da KPMG mun gano Dr Pachaori bai yi "miliyoyin daloli" a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ba". Ya ce: "Mun nemi gafara ga Dokta Pachauri saboda duk wani kunya da ya haifar". The Guardian ta ruwaito cewa Telegraph ta biya kudin shari'a sama da £ 100,000. Pachauri ya yi maraba da neman gafara na *Telegraph*, yana mai cewa ya "yi farin ciki da cewa a ƙarshe sun amince da gaskiya", kuma ya danganta zarge-zargen ƙarya ga "wani yunkuri na masu shakka game da yanayi don lalata IPCC. Yanzu suna so su bi ni kuma suna fatan hakan zai cika manufarsu. "

George Monbiot na *The Guardian* ya bayyana ra'ayinsa cewa duk da cewa KPMG ta wanke Pachauri daga rikice-rikicen sha'awa da cin zarafin kudi, Richard North, Daily Mail da The *Australian* sun sake maimaita ikirarin karya game da shi.

### Shari'ar cin zarafin jima'i
A ranar 18 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2015, 'yan sanda na Delhi sun gabatar da rahoton bayanai na farko (FIR) a kan Pachauri kan zargin cin zarafin jima'i, tsoratarwa da tsoratar da aikata laifuka. A ranar 21 ga watan Maris, Babban Kotun Delhi ta ba shi belin jira. Duk da yake a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2015, kwamitin korafe-korafe na ciki (ICC) na TERI ya same Pachauri da laifin cin zarafin jima'i, an kalubalanci binciken ICC a gaban Kotun Masana'antu bisa la'akari da keta ka'idodin adalci na halitta. Wani labarin a cikin mujallar Indiya The Caravan ya ba da cikakken bayani game da ayyukan RK Pachauri a lokacin da yake aiki a TERI.

A cikin wata sanarwa, Pachauri ya ce abinda ke cikin takardar tuhumar " zargi" ne da mai shigar da kara ya gabatar kuma babu wani abu da aka "bayyana" bayan bincike na shekara guda. Pachauri ya ci gaba da cewa: "Daga ra'ayina wannan ba komai ba ne face kyakkyawar dangantaka da juna. Akwai sautin haske da abokantaka ga wasikarmu, amma a kowane mataki na taɓa nuna cewa ina da dangantaka ta jiki kuma ban shiga cikin cin zarafin jima'i ba. " An ba Pachauri beli na yau da kullun daga kotun shari'a a watan Yulin 2016. Kotun ta lura cewa "Binciken shari'ar ya cika. An riga an shigar da takardar caji. Ba a taɓa kama shi ba yayin binciken a cikin shari'ar nan take wanda ke ci gaba da nuna cewa ba a buƙatar kula da shi don manufar bincike. "

## Kyaututtuka da karbuwa

* A watan Janairun shekara ta 2001, Gwamnatin Indiya ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Padma Bhushan .
* NDTV Global Indian of the Year na shekara ta 2007.
* Mai samar da Labaran Yanayi na Shekara 2007. Mujallar ta yaba da Pachauri a cikin wata kasida a matsayin mai gina kungiya "Babban ƙarfin Rajendra Pachauri shine a gina da shirya cibiyoyi a fannonin da ya fahimta mafi kyau - injiniya da tattalin arziki yayin da suke amfani da batutuwan ci gaba".
* A ranar 14 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2008, Pachauri ya karbi taken UNIDO Goodwill Ambassador .
* A watan Janairun shekara ta 2008, an ba shi lambar yabo ta biyu mafi girma a Indiya, Padma Vibhushan .
* A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2009, Pachauri ya karbi 'Order of the Rising Sun - Gold and Silver Star' don nuna godiya ga gudummawar da ya bayar ga inganta manufofin Japan game da canjin yanayi. Sarkin sarakuna Akihito ne ya ba shi kayan ado.
* A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2009, an sanya Pachauri a matsayi na biyar a cikin jerin "Top 100 Global thinkers" ta mujallar Foreign Policy, don "ƙaddamar da muhawara kan ko canjin yanayi yana da mahimmanci".
* A watan Fabrairun 2010, Shugaban Finland ya ba da Order of the White Rose of Finland ga Pachauri don nuna godiya ga aikinsa na inganta hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa kan canjin yanayi da ci gaba mai ɗorewa.
* Gwamnatin Faransa ta ba shi lambar yabo ta 'Officer of the Legion of Honour'.
* HEC Paris ta nada Pachauri Farfesa Honoris Causa a watan Oktoba 2009.
* Jami'ar Reims Champagne-Ardenne ta nada Pachauri Farfesa Honoris Causa a watan Satumbar 2012.

## Sauran abubuwan da suke so
Baya ga wallafe-wallafen ilimi, Pachauri ya kuma rubuta waka da fiction. Shi ne marubucin Return to Almora, wani labari na soyayya da aka buga a shekara ta 2010. Littafin yana cikin nau'in tunatarwa na wani jami'in gwamnati mai ritaya, wanda ya kasance dalibi ne na injiniya, game da rayuwarsa ta ruhaniya da jima'i. Ya rubuta Moods and Musings, tarin waƙoƙi, tare da 'yarsa Rashmi Pachauri-Rajan .

## Duba kuma

* Jami'ar TERI
* Cibiyar Makamashi da albarkatu

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin Haɗin waje

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* Dokta R.K. Pachauri tarihin rayuwa da  jadawalin lokaci, iloveindia.com
* Bayyanawa a kan C-SPAN