Eithne Coyle

**Eithne Coyle** (1897–1985;  Irish   ) 'yar fafutukar jam'iyyar Republican ce ta Ireland . Ta kasance jagora a cikin ƙungiyar mata masu aikin sa kai ta Cumann na mBan kuma memba ce a ƙungiyar Gaelic League .  Duk da haka, rawar da ta taka a lokacin da ake kira 'Ireland mai juyin juya hali' (  ) ta fi yawa fiye da yadda ta kasance memba a cikin waɗannan ƙungiyoyi biyu. Wasikar da Peader O'Donnell ta rubuta a ranar 19 ga Afrilu 1945 don tallafawa aikace-aikacenta na neman aikin soja ta lura cewa an yi mata mummunan hari a lokacin Yaƙin Basasa na Ireland daga sojojin Irish Free State waɗanda 'sun ɗauke ta a matsayin jami'in IRA fiye da mai shirya Cumann na mBan, wanda hakan ya kasance ita ce'.  Haka kuma za ta zama sananne saboda hannunta a cikin tserewa daga kurkuku guda biyu masu daraja a shekarun 1920.

## Shekarun farko

An haife ta a matsayin Annie Coyle a ranar 3 ga Janairu, 1897 a Killult, wani ƙauye kusa da Falcarragh, County Donegal, ga Charles Coyle da May McHugh (ƙaramin yaro daga cikin 'ya'yansu bakwai).   Ɗan'uwanta Donal Coyle ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamanda a Sashen Arewa na 1 na ' Yan Agaji na Irish .  Ta shiga Cumann na mBan a 1917 kuma ta fara aiki a cikin kamfen na tara kuɗi da hana tilasta wa mutane shiga soja.   Mahaifinta ya mutu yana da shekaru 36, abin takaici da Coyle ya danganta da matsin lambar mu'amala da masu gidaje marasa gaskiya waɗanda suka kori iyalinta daga filayensu. Ta lura a cikin takardunta na sirri cewa a lokacin wannan ƙuruciya ce ta fara haɗuwa da Maud Gonne 'wadda ta burge kowa da kyawunta, fara'arta, da tawali'u'. A tsawon lokaci a cikin shekarun 1890, Gonne ta yi kamfen a Donegal don neman haƙƙin manoman haya.  

## Ci gaba a cikin motsi
A matsayinta na shugabar reshen gundumar Donegal na Cumann na mBan, Coyle ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tattara membobinta don yin kamfen a madadin Sinn Féin don babban zaɓen 1918.  Tsakanin 1918 da 1919 ta zauna na ɗan lokaci a Dungannon a matsayin mai shirya gasar Gaelic League kafin ta koma County Longford don kafa rassan Cumann na mBan.  Daga baya ta zama mai shirya gasar Gaelic League a County Roscommon . 

A lokacin Yaƙin 'Yancin Kan Ireland yayin da Coyle ke zaune a yankin Longford-Roscommon, ta zama abokiyar rundunar 'yan Republican ta Irish (IRA), tana ba su zane-zanen ofishin 'yan sanda na yankin da ta sani. [1] An ci gaba da cin zarafinta daga Baƙar fata da Tans a Roscommon, tare da rushe gidanta sau biyu daga membobin ƙungiyar, an kama ta a ranar Sabuwar Shekara ta 1921, daga baya aka yanke mata hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru uku a watan Fabrairun 1921 saboda taimaka wa membobin IRA. [2] [3] Dangane da manufofin Cumann na mBan, ta ƙi amincewa da kotun a lokacin shari'arta. [4] [3] Ta lura a cikin takardunta na sirri, 'Na karanta jarida a lokacin wasan barkwanci kuma sau ɗaya kawai na ɗaga idanuna don in gaya wa shugaban hukumar cewa yana ɓata lokacinsa mai tamani, domin ban gane kotunsa ta bogi ba, yayin da nake magana da Irish, ɗaya daga cikin 'yan sanda ya fassara kalmomi bakwai na hikima.' [5] [6]

Da farko ta tuna da ganin Constance Markievicz a gidan yarin Mountjoy, inda take zaman daurin shekaru biyu na aiki mai wahala . Coyle ta lura cewa 'za mu iya yi mata hannu ne kawai a Mass ranar Lahadi domin ba a bar mu mu durƙusa kusa da ita a kan layin bagadi ba.'   Coyle da abokin fursuna Linda Kearns sun ƙirƙiro shirin tserewa daga gidan yarin. A ranar 31 ga Oktoba 1921, Coyle da Kearns, tare da wasu fursunoni biyu Mary Burke da Aileen Keogh, tare da taimakon masu gadin gidan yarin, suka haura bangon gidan yarin suka tsere a cikin motocin da 'yan Republican suka tuka waɗanda aka umarce su da su jira a waje.  Bayan wannan tserewa, ta zauna a sansanin horo na IRA a Duckett's Grove, County Carlow har zuwa lokacin tsagaita wuta a ranar 11 ga Yuli 1921 da kuma yarjejeniyar Anglo-Irish a watan Disamba 1921.  

## Haramta yarjejeniya
Bayan Yarjejeniyar Anglo-Irish, Coyle ta goyi bayan ƙungiyar da ke adawa da yarjejeniyar . Bayan sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar, an naɗa ta a matsayin mai shirya Cumann na mBan, waɗanda su ne babbar ƙungiya ta farko da ta ayyana adawa da Yarjejeniyar Anglo-Irish,  ga Arewa maso Yammacin Ireland. Ta zagaya Gundumar Donegal, Gundumar Londonderry da wani ɓangare na Gundumar Tyrone kuma ta gano cewa yawancin rassan yankin sun rasa yawancin membobinsu kuma an tilasta musu sake tsara ƙungiyar a Ulster a matsayin samfurin da ya fi sauƙi. 

A martanin da ta mayar ga korar ma'aikatan Katolika daga ayyukansu a Belfast a shekarar 1920, Coyle ta yi aiki don tilasta wa Sinn Féins 'Belfast Boycott' na kasuwanci, bankuna da kayayyaki mallakar ƙungiyar kwadago. (Duba: Matsalolin da suka Faru a Ulster (1920–1922) ). *Jaridar Belfast Telegraph* ta ruwaito cewa a kan layin dogo na Londonderry da Lough Swilly, wani Coyle dauke da makamai ya tsaya a kan jirgin inda ta cire dukkan kwafin jaridun Belfast kafin ta kona su a bainar jama'a.  Ayyukan Coyle (waɗanda shugabannin Cumann na mBan ba su amince da su ba) sun zama ruwan dare a kan layin jirgin.  Ita ce kuma mai jigilar kaya na hukuma tsakanin IRA 1st Northern Division da 3rd Western Division, rawar da ta haɗa da yin kwale-kwale tsakanin Donegal da Sligo don tabbatar da cewa ba a katse saƙonni ba.  

## Manazarta