Michael Ancram

**Michael Andrew Foster Jude Kerr, Marquess na 13 na Lothian, Baron Kerr na Monteviot**, PC , KC , DL (7 ga Yuli 1945 – 1 ga Oktoba 2024), wanda aka fi sani da **Michael Ancram**, ɗan siyasa ne kuma takwararsa ɗan Birtaniya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Jam'iyyar Conservative daga 2001 zuwa 2005. An daɗe ana yi masa lakabi da **Earl na Ancram** har sai da ya gaji marquessate a 2004, bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa.

An haife shi a Landan kuma ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Ampleforth, Ancram ya yi karatun tarihi a Cocin Christ, Oxford, kuma ya karanta shari'a a Jami'ar Edinburgh . Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Edinburgh, an kira shi zuwa Lauyan Scotland kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai kare hakkin jama'a kafin ya shiga siyasa. Bai yi nasara ba wajen tsayawa takarar West Lothian a shekarar 1970, amma an zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan Majalisar Dokoki (MP) na Berwick da East Lothian a babban zaɓen Fabrairun 1974 kuma ya yi aiki har sai da ya rasa kujera a zaɓen da aka gudanar a watan Oktoba na wannan shekarar. Ya sake shiga Majalisar Dokoki a shekarar 1979, yana wakiltar Edinburgh ta Kudu har zuwa lokacin da ya sha kaye a shekarar 1987. A wannan lokacin, ya yi aiki a matsayin minista a Ofishin Scotland a gwamnatin Margaret Thatcher .

Bayan an zaɓe shi don wakiltar Devizes a babban zaɓen 1992, Ancram ya yi aiki a Ofishin Arewacin Ireland a gwamnatin John Major . Lokacin da aka kayar da Major a babban zaɓen 1997, 'yan Conservative suka shiga adawa kuma Ancram ya zama Shugaban Jam'iyyar Conservative a ƙarƙashin William Hague a 1998, bayan ya taɓa yin bayani game da harkokin kundin tsarin mulki a Majalisar Shadow . Wannan ya biyo bayan lokacin da ya zama mataimakin shugaban jam'iyya a ƙarƙashin Iain Duncan Smith da Michael Howard, a lokacin da ya yi aiki a Majalisar Shadow a matsayin sakataren harkokin waje na Shadow da kuma sakataren tsaron Shadow bi da bi.

## Rayuwar farko da aiki
An haifi Ancram a Landan kuma shi ne babban ɗa kuma ɗa na biyu ga Peter Kerr, Marquess na 12 na Lothian, da matarsa Antonella .  Ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Ampleforth da ke Arewacin Yorkshire . Ya kammala karatunsa a matsayin digiri na farko a fannin Fasaha a Tarihi daga Christ Church, Oxford, a shekarar 1966, daga baya ya koma digiri na biyu a fannin Fasaha .  Yayin da yake Oxford, ya kasance memba na Bullingdon Club .  A shekarar 1968, ya sami digiri na farko a fannin Shari'a (LLB) daga Jami'ar Edinburgh .  An kira shi zuwa Lauya na Scotland a shekarar 1970 kuma ya fara aiki a matsayin lauya. 

## Aikin siyasa
Ancram bai yi nasara ba wajen tsayawa takarar kujerar majalisar dokokin West Lothian a shekarar 1970. An fara zaɓensa a matsayin ɗan majalisar dokoki a babban zaɓen watan Fabrairun 1974, lokacin da ya tsaya takara ya kuma lashe kujerar Berwick da East Lothian, amma ya rasa kujerar a zaɓen watan Oktoba na wannan shekarar. Bayan ya rasa kujerarsa, ya sake fara aikin lauya. 

### Shadow Cabinet da gazawar takarar shugabanci
Bayan shan kaye a zaɓen 1997, Ancram ya yi aiki a Majalisar Shadow a matsayin Kakakin Harkokin Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Shadow daga Yuni 1997 zuwa Yuni 1998. Daga nan ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Jam'iyyar Conservative daga Disamba 1998 zuwa Satumba 2001.

A shekara ta 2001, ya fafata da Iain Duncan Smith, Michael Portillo, Kenneth Clarke da David Davis a zaben shugabancin jam'iyyar . A zaben farko na 'yan majalisar Conservative, shi da David Davis sun yi kunnen doki a matsayi na karshe, wanda ya kai ga sake yin zabe inda Ancram ya koma kasa. An cire shi daga mulki, kuma Davis ya janye. Dukansu sun goyi bayan Iain Duncan Smith, wanda ya ci nasara, inda ya doke Clarke a kuri'ar karshe ta 'yan jam'iyyar. Duncan Smith ya nada Ancram Mataimakin Shugaban Jam'iyyar Conservative kuma Sakataren Harkokin Waje na Shadow a watan Satumba na 2001. Ya ci gaba da wannan matsayi bayan Michael Howard ya hau mulki a shekara ta 2003.

### MANAZARTA