Rodney King

**Rodney Glen King** (Afrilu 2, 1965 - Yuni 17, 2012) Ba'amurke ne wanda 'yan sanda suka zalunta. A ranar 3 ga watan Maris, 1991, jami'an 'yan sanda na Los Angeles (LAPD) sun yi masa mugun dukan tsiya a lokacin da aka kama shi bayan wani yayi kokarin guduwa da mota yayin da yake maye(a buge) a kan I-210. Wani mazaunin garin George Holliday da ba ruwansa da shi, ya ga abin da ke faruwa kuma ya dauki hoton lamarin daga barandarsa da ke kusa da shi, ya kuma aike da faifan bidiyon, wanda ya nuna yadda ake dukan Rodney King a kasa bayan ya kaucewa kama shi da farko, zuwa tashar labarai ta KTLA. Kafofin yada labarai na duniya ne suka dauki nauyin lamarin lamarin da ya janyo ce-ce-ku-ce.

A wani taron manema labarai, babban jami’in ‘yan sandan Los Angeles Daryl Gates ya sanar da cewa, za a hukunta jami’an hudu da ke da hannu a laifin amfani da karfin kakin yansanda, sannan ukun za su fuskanci tuhumar aikata laifuka. Da farko LAPD ta tuhumi Rodney King da “gujewa laifi”, amma daga baya ta yi watsi da tuhumar. A lokacin da aka sake shi, Rodney King ya yi magana da manema labarai a kan keken guragu, da raunin da ya samu: karyewar kafar dama a cikin simintin gyaran kafa, fuskarsa ta yi mugun yanke da kumbura, da raunuka a jikinsa, da wani wurin kone a kirjin sa inda aka harba shi da bindiga mai shokin. King ya bayyana yadda ya durkusa, ya baje hannayensa, sannan a hankali ya yi kokarin motsawa don kada ya yi wani “sauyin banza”, kafin wani jami'i ya buge shi da wani guduma a fuskar sa, sannan ya gigice da bindiga mai  shokin. King ya kuma ce ya ji tsoron ransa lokacin da jami’an suka zaro masa bindigogi.

Daga karshe an gurfanar da jami’ai hudu a gaban kuliya bisa zargin amfani da karfin tuwo. Daga cikin wadannan mutane uku an wanke su; alkalan kotun sun kasa yanke hukunci kan tuhume-tuhume na hudu. A cikin sa'o'i na shari'ar, tarzomar Los Angeles ta 1992 ta fara, wanda ya haifar da fushi a tsakanin tsirarun kabilanci game da hukuncin shari'ar da kuma batutuwan da suka shafi zamantakewa, wanda aka dade a cikin al'amuran zamantakewa, wanda ke cike da tashe-tashen hankula tsakanin al'ummomin Amurkawa na Afirka da Koriya ta Kudu. An kwashe kwanaki shida ana tarzomar tare da kashe mutane 63 tare da jikkata wasu 2,383; ya ƙare ne bayan Rundunar Sojan Ƙasa ta California, Sojoji, da Marine Corps sun ba da ƙarfafawa don sake kafa iko. King ya yi kira da a kawo karshen rikicin cikin lumana.

Gwamnatin tarayya ta gurfanar da wata shari’a ta daban, inda ta samu manyan alkalan kotuna na tuhumar jami’an hudu da take hakkin jama’a na Sarki. An kawo karshen shari’ar da suke yi a wata kotun tarayya a watan Afrilun 1993, inda aka samu biyu daga cikin jami’an da laifi kuma aka yanke musu hukuncin zaman gidan yari. An wanke sauran biyun daga tuhumar da ake musu. A cikin wata ƙarar farar hula ta daban a cikin 1994, wani alkali ya gano birnin Los Angeles yana da alhaki kuma ya ba wa Rodney King diyyar dala miliyan 3.8.

## Farkon rayuwa
An haifi King a Sacramento, California, a cikin 1965, ɗan Ronald da Odessa King. Shi da 'yan uwansa hudu sun girma a Altadena, California. King ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta John Muir kuma sau da yawa yana magana game da wahayi daga malamin ilimin zamantakewa, Robert E. Jones. Mahaifin Sarki ya rasu a shekara ta 1984 yana da shekaru 42 a duniya.

Ranar 3 ga Nuwamba, 1989, Rodney King ya yi fashi a wani kantin sayar da kayayyaki a Monterey Park, California. Ya yi wa mai shagon na Koriya barazana da shingen ƙarfe. Daga nan sai King ya bugi mai shagon da sanda kafin ya gudu. Sarki ya sace tsabar kudi dala dari biyu a lokacin fashin. An yanke masa hukuncin daurin shekaru biyu a gidan yari. An sake shi a ranar 27 ga Disamba, 1990, bayan ya yi shekara ɗaya a kurkuku.

## Aure da rayuwar iyali
Sarki yana da 'ya mace tare da budurwarsa, Carmen Simpson. Daga baya ya auri Denetta Lyles (dan uwan da aka kashe James Byrd Jr. da kuma dan uwan mawaki Mack 10) kuma yana da diya mace. King da Lyles ƙarshe sun sake aure. Daga baya ya sake yin aure kuma ya haifi diya mace tare da Crystal Waters. Wannan aure kuma ya ƙare da saki.

## 1991 'Yan sanda sun kai masa hari a Los Angeles
Da sanyin safiyar Lahadi, Maris 3, 1991, King, tare da abokansa Bryant Allen da Freddie Helms, suna tuƙi a cikin wani mota kirar 1987 Hyundai Excel yamma akan Titin Foothill (Interstate 210) a cikin San Fernando Valley na Los Angeles. Mutanen uku sun kwana suna kallon kwallon kwando da shan giya a gidan wani abokinsu da ke Los Angeles. Da karfe 12:30 na safe, jami'an Tim da Melanie Singer, mata da miji na 'yan sintiri na babban titin California, sun lura da motar King tana gudu a kan titin. Sun bi Sarki da fitulun wuta da jiniya, inda suka kai gudun kilomita 188 a cikin sa’a 117, yayin da King ya ki janyewa. Daga baya Sarki zai ce ya gudu daga ’yan sanda yana fatan kaucewa tuki bisa zargin laifin da ake tuhumarsa da laifin keta alfarmar da ka iya biyo baya.

King ya bar babbar hanyar kusa da Hansen Dam Recreation Area kuma ana ci gaba da bin titunan mazaunin cikin sauri daga 55 zuwa 80 mil a kowace awa (90 zuwa 130 km / h), kuma ta aƙalla haske ja. Ya zuwa wannan lokaci, motocin 'yan sanda da dama da wani jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu na 'yan sanda ne suka shiga cikin lamarin. Bayan kusan mil 8 (kilomita 13), jami'ai sun yi wa Sarki a cikin motarsa. Jami’an ‘yan sanda biyar na Los Angeles (LAPD) na farko da suka isa su ne Stacey Koon, Laurence Powell, Timothy Wind, Theodore Briseno da Rolando Solano.

### Duka
Jami'in Tim Singer ta umarci King da fasinjojinsa biyu da su fito daga motar su kwanta a kasa. Allen ya yi iƙirarin cewa an tuhume shi, an buge shi, an yi masa tsiya, an yi masa ba'a da kuma yi masa barazana. An buge Helms a kai yayin da yake kwance a kasa; an yi masa maganin lace a saman kansa. An mika hular wasan kwallon kwando na jini ga 'yan sanda. King ya zauna a cikin mota. A lokacin da ya fito, an ruwaito King ya kyalkyale da dariya, ya lallaba kasa tare da yi wa rundunar ‘yan sandan hannu sama. King ya damke gindinsa, wanda jami’insa Melanie Singer ta dauka yana nufin cewa kila makami zai zaro da yake daga baya aka gano ba shi da makami. Ta zaro bindigar ta ta nuna wa King, ta umarce shi da ya kwanta a kasa. Singer ta matso, bindigar ta a zare, tana shirin kama shi. A wannan lokacin, Koon, babban jami'in da ke wurin, ya shaida wa Singer cewa LAPD na daukar kwamandan rundunar, kuma ya umarci dukkan jami'an da su tattara makamansu.

A cewar rahoton na hukuma, LAPD Sajan Koon ya umarci sauran jami'an LAPD guda hudu da ke wurin -Briseno, Powell, Solano da Wind - su yi wa  king daurin gindi ta hanyar amfani da wata dabara da ake kira "swarm", inda jami'ai da yawa suka kama wanda ake zargi da hannu wofi, don shawo kan yuwuwar juriya cikin sauri. Jami’an hudun sun yi ikirarin cewa king ya bijirewa yunkurin hana shi lokacin da ya tashi ya cire jami’an Powell da Briseno daga bayansa. Dukansu da king da shaidu sun musanta wannan da'awar. Jami'an za su kuma ba da shaida daga baya cewa sun yi imani cewa King yana ƙarƙashin rinjayar phencyclidine (PCP), kodayake toxicology watau gwajin da akai masa ya nuna cewa King baya cikin mayen PCP.

## Manazarta