Fairbourne

**Fairbourne** ƙauye ne da ke bakin teku a Gwynedd, Wales . Yana kan iyakar Barmouth Bay a cikin al'umma Arthog, a kudancin Kogin Mawddach, Snowdonia National Park ne ke kewaye da shi. Yana cikin wani yanki wanda Majalisar Gwynedd ta lissafa don Gudanar da koma baya saboda hauhawar matakin teku.

## Tarihi
Fairbourne na daga cikin gundumar tarihi ta Meirionnydd . Yankin asalinsa tafkin gishiri ne da kuma ƙasa mai laushi. Kafin ci gaba ya fara a tsakiyar karni na 19, akwai gonaki uku a ƙasar. Yankin bakin teku da farko an san shi da Morfa Henddol, yayin da aka kira Ynys concur.

Kimanin shekara ta 1865, Solomon Andrews, ɗan kasuwa na Welsh, ya sayi filin. A cikin 'yan shekaru masu zuwa, ya gina bango don kariya daga ruwa da gidaje da yawa. Don sauƙaƙe wannan, ya gina hanyar da aka zana da doki ta 2 ft () daga babban hanyar jirgin ƙasa zuwa shafin don kawo kayan gini. A cikin 1916, an canza hanyar jirgin ƙasa zuwa 15 in () ma'auni na tururi. Mai arziki mai yin gari Sir Arthur McDougall ya kasance yana neman mallakar ƙasa amma lokacin da ya gano wannan yanki, nan da nan ya ɗauka a matsayin wurin shakatawa na bakin teku. A watan Yulin shekara ta 1895, Arthur McDougall ya sayi yanki mai yawa daga masu hasashen ƙasa, wanda ya faɗaɗa da ƙarin kuri'a a shekara mai zuwa. Nan da nan ya hayar mai ginawa don fara ci gaban wurin shakatawa na bakin teku.

Abin mamaki ga gundumar Gwynedd, ƙauyen ba shi da sunan harshen Welsh na hukuma. Ba kamar yawancin Gwynedd ba, inda Welsh shine mafi yawan harshe, Turanci shine mafi yawan harshen a Fairbourne tare da yawancin mazaunanta sun fito daga ko zuriyar waɗanda suka zo daga Ingila.

## Gudanar da hauhawar matakin teku
An gano Fairbourne a matsayin wanda ba zai iya karewa ba, saboda hasashen hauhawar matakin teku. Kimanin mafi kyau shi ne cewa za a watsar da yankin tsakanin 2052 da 2062. Wannan ya dogara ne akan hauhawar matakin teku mai mahimmanci na mita 0.5 (1.6 .  Koyaya, bisa ga ƙimar da ke faruwa a yanzu na hauhawar matakin teku zai ɗauki shekaru 100 zuwa 200 daga 2014 don isa mita 0.5.  Akwai niyyar kula da tsaron ƙauyen na tsawon shekaru 40 kawai daga 2014. Wannan manufofin Gudanar da koma baya ya yi tsayayya da karfi daga mazauna yankin.

A watan Nuwamba na 2021, jami'an gwamnati sun bayyana cewa nan da shekara ta 2052, ba zai zama lafiya ba / mai dorewa a zauna a ƙauyen. Wannan ya yi jayayya da rahotanni da yawa na bincike   

A cikin 2021 an gudanar da bincike ta Arthog Community Council don samun ra'ayoyin mazaunan Fairbourne game da tsare-tsaren da aka tsara don ƙauyen. Mazauna suna jin cewa ana watsi da damuwarsu, kuma ana zabar Fairbourne don dakatar da shi ba tare da isasshen hujja ba. "Bayan sun halarci taron hukumomi da yawa a cikin zauren ƙauyen, mazauna 'an rufe su da dutse', ba a saurara su ba, kuma sun gaya wa abin da za su yi ba tare da an yi la'akari da ra'ayoyinmu ba. " "An jaddada shi a tarurrukan jama'a kuma Natural Resources Wales ta amince da cewa ilimin gida yana da mahimmanci. Shin Majalisar Gwynedd kawai ta dogara da masu ba da shawara tare da kwamfutoci?"

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, Mabon ap Gwynfor AS ya tayar da batun Fairbourne a cikin Senedd na Welsh: "Tsarin kula da bakin teku na yammacin Wales ya dogara ne akan aikin da aka yi shekaru 10 da suka gabata. Yanzu, tun daga wannan lokacin, ba shakka, an yi aiki mai yawa a kan tsaron ambaliyar ruwa, wanda ke canza hasashen ga al'ummomi kamar Fairbourne, amma shirin ba a canza shi don nuna wannan aikin ba... Akwai damar yin shakku game da ƙirar albarkatun halitta na Wales, wanda ya dogara da tsohuwar bayanai. "

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2022, Majalisar Al'umma ta Arthog ta amince da wani yunkuri na kin amincewa da tsare-tsaren da Majalisar Gwynedd ta yi na dakatar da kauyen Fairbourne, inda ta yi nuni da gazawar da aka samu a cikin tsarin yanke shawara.

A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2022, Huw Williams na Majalisar Gwynedd ya bayyana cewa: "The Fairbourne Moving Forward Project Board ya san mummunan tasirin da aka yi wa al'umma sakamakon ambaton 'decommissioning' Fairbourne a cikin '2054' da manema labarai da sauran masu ruwa da tsaki ".... "Babu wani shiri na yanzu don dakatar da ƙauyen".   Wani imel zuwa ga Majalisar Al'umma ta Arthog daga Mista Williams daga Yuli 2022 ya ƙunshi layin: "Babu wata kungiya ta jama'a - ba tare da Majalisar Gwynedd ba - tana da niyyar lalata Fairbourne. "

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2023, an tambayi ministan canjin yanayi na gwamnatin Welsh Julie James game da makomar ƙauyen. Ta kasance mai tsayin daka cewa ba a rubuta ƙauyen ba. Ta ce: "Ba mu yanke shawara game da makomar Fairbourne ba, ina so in bayyana hakan".

## Abubuwan jan hankali

### Yankin rairayin bakin teku
Yankin rairayin bakin teku yana da nisan kilomita biyu na yashi, wanda ke da goyon bayan rairayin kankara mai tsawo wanda yake da tsawo kamar tsaron teku a wasu wurare. A ƙarshen arewa rairayin bakin teku ya haɗu da Mawddach Estuary, yayin da a ƙarshen kudancin rairayin kan teku an matsa shi tsakanin tsaunuka da teku. Yankin rairayin bakin teku wuri ne ga mutanen da ke motsa karnukansu, duk da haka, a lokacin watanni na rani akwai haramcin kare da aka tilasta a yankin tsakiya. Yankin rairayin bakin teku yana da tarkon tanki da aka sani da "Dragon's Teeth" wanda ya fara ne daga Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Yankin rairayin bakin teku a kai a kai yana saduwa da ka'idodin Blue Flag na Turai.

Ramin kankare wanda ya ba da damar zuwa rairayin bakin teku don kekunan guragu da prams, wanda aka yi niyya da farko a matsayin tashar jirgin ruwa, guguwa ta lalata shi a cikin 2018 kuma Majalisar Gwynedd ta cire shi. Mazauna ƙauyen sun yi kira ga a gina sabuwar hanyar shiga.

### Jirgin kasa da Jirgin ruwa
Jirgin kasa na Fairbourne ya samar da hanyar haɗi daga ƙauyen zuwa Penrhyn Point sama da ƙarni. Yana gudanar da sabis na fasinja na yau da kullun tsakanin Afrilu da Oktoba.

Barmouth Ferry yana tafiya daga ƙarshen teku na Fairbourne Railway zuwa Barmouth / Abermaw .

## Sufuri
Tashar jirgin kasa ta Fairbourne tana aiki da Cambrian Coast Railway, wanda ke gudana daga Machynlleth zuwa Pwllheli kuma Transport for Wales ke sarrafawa.

Lloyds Coaches kuma suna aiki da sabis na bas na yau da kullun zuwa Dolgellau da Tywyn.

## Manazarta