open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Salvatore Schillaci

**Salvatore Schillaci OMRI** (1 Disamba 1964 - 18 Satumba shekara ta 2024), wanda aka fi sani da Totò Schillaci, ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Italiya wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba. A lokacin aikinsa na kulob din, ya buga wa Messina (1982 – 1989), Juventus (1989 – 1992), Internazionale (1992 – 1994) da Júbilo Iwata (1994 – 1997). A matakin kasa da kasa, Schillaci ya kasance tauraro mai ban mamaki a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 1990, yayin da ya taimakawa Italiya zuwa matsayi na uku a gida. A matsayin wanda ya maye gurbin a wasan farko na Italiya, Schillaci ya ci gaba da zura kwallaye shida a gasar cin kofin duniya, inda ya dauki kyautar takalmin zinare a matsayin wanda ya fi zura kwallo a raga, kuma ya samu kyautar Golden Ball a matsayin dan wasan da ya lashe gasar a gaban Lothar Matthäus da Diego Maradona, wadanda suka zo. na biyu da na uku. A waccan shekarar kuma ya sanya na biyu a Ballon d’Or na 1990, bayan Mathäus..

## Manazarta
Neil King Jr.

**Neil Caldwell King Jr.** (Yuli 27, 1959 - Satumba 17, 2024), dan jaridar Ba'amurke ne kuma marubuci. Ya raba a cikin Pulitzer Prize don Breaking News Reporting a 2002. Littafinsa na farko, American Ramble: A Walk of Memory and Renewal, HarperCollins ne ya buga shi a cikin 2023.  

## Manazarta
Song Binbin

**Song Binbin** (1947 - Satumba 16, 2024)  wacce aka fi sani da **Song Yaowu** ƴar ƙasar Sun ce. Tana ƴar shekara 19, ta fara shiga cikin tashin hankali wanda ya kai ga matsayin babban jagora a Sinawa. Masu gadi na Red Guard a lokacin kiran tashin hankali na Mao Zedong wanda shine Babban Juyin Al'adu na Proletarian Ko da yake Song ta musanta hannu, an yi zaton ta kasance a lokacin da wata malami mai shekaru 50, Bian Zhongyun, dalibai mata na makarantarta sun yi mata dukan tsiya har lahira, wanda aka ce shi ne kisan farko na juyin juya halin al'adu. Bayan juyin juya halin al'adu, Song ta karanci ilimin kasa, ta koma Amurka, inda daga karshe ta samu digiri na uku a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts a shekarar 1989. Bayan ta zama 'yar kasar Amurka, ta yi aiki da gwamnatin Massachusetts kafin ta koma kasar Sin, ta zama shugabar mata. na kamfanoni da dama. Ta nemi afuwar abin da ta aikata a juyin juya halin al'adu a shekarar 2014, ko da yake hakan ya sami ra'ayi iri-iri. Ta rasu a shekarar 2024, tana da shekaru 77.

## Manazarta
Tito Jackson

**Toriano Adaryll "Tito" Jackson** (15 ga Oktoba, 1953 - Satumba 15, 2024) mawaƙin Ba'amurke ne. Ya kasance memba wanda ya kafa Jackson 5 (daga baya aka sani da Jacksons), ƙungiyar da ta yi suna a ƙarshen 1960s da 1970s tare da lakabin Motown kuma ya ci gaba da samun nasara akan lakabin Epic a ƙarshen 1970s da 1980s. Tito da Jackie Jackson sune mafi yawan membobin Jacksons, tare da Jermaine, Marlon, Michael, da Randy sun tafi a lokuta daban-daban. Bayan karshen Yawon shakatawa na Nasara, Jackson ya yi aikin zama kuma a matsayin mai yin rikodin. A cikin 2001, Jackson ya sake saduwa da 'yan uwansa a bikin bikin cika shekaru 30 na Michael Jackson na musamman a Lambun Madison. Jackson ya fara aikin solo ne a cikin 2003 yana yin mawaƙin blues. An zabe shi don lambar yabo ta Grammy sau uku, kuma an shigar da shi cikin Rock and Roll Hall of Fame a matsayin memba na Jackson 5.  

## Manazarta
Jaber II Al-Sabah

**Jaber II Al-Mubarak Al-Sabah,** CSI (1860 - 5 Fabrairu 1917), shi ne sarki na takwas na Sheikhdom na Kuwait daga daular Al-Sabah. Shi ne babban dan Mubarak Al-Sabah kuma shi ne kakan reshen Al-Jaber na gidan Al-Sabah. Ya mulki kasar daga ranar 28 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1915 zuwa rasuwarsa a ranar 5 ga watan Fabrairun 1917 sannan dan uwansa Salim Al-Mubarak Al-Sabah ya gaje shi. Duk da cewa mulkinsa ya yi gajeru sosai, Jaber ya shahara da sauye-sauyen tattalin arziki da ya fara.  

## Manazarta
Pravin Gordhan

**Pravin Jamnadas Gordhan** (12 Afrilu 1949 - 13 Satumba 2024) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne kuma mai fafutukar yaƙi da wariyar launin fata wanda ya rike mukaman ministoci daban-daban a majalisar ministocin Afirka ta Kudu. Ya rike mukamin ministan kudi daga shekarar 2009 zuwa 2014, sannan daga 2015 zuwa 2017, a matsayin ministan harkokin hadin gwiwa da al'amuran gargajiya daga 2014 zuwa 2015, da ministan kasuwancin gwamnati daga Fabrairu 2018 har zuwa Yuni 2024, lokacin da ma'aikatar jama'a baki daya. An soke kamfanoni da ma'aikatar sa biyo bayan babban zaben shekarar 2024. Shekarun farko da ilimi An haifi Pravin Gordhan a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1949 ga dangin Indiyawa ta Afirka ta Kudu, a Durban, kuma ya yi karatun digiri daga Kwalejin Sastri a 1967. A cikin 1973 ya sauke karatu daga Jami'ar Durban-Westville tare da Bachelor of Pharmacy.[9] Ya kammala karatunsa na kantin magani a Asibitin King Edward VIII a 1974 kuma ya yi aiki a can har zuwa 1981.

## Manazarta
Chad McQueen

**Chad McQueen** wick Steven.  (an haife shi a ranar ashirin da tokwas 28, ga watan disabba shekara ta alif 1960 - Satumba 11, 2024) ɗan wasan Ba'amurke ne, mai shirya fina-finai, ɗan wasan yaƙi, kuma. 

direban motar tsere. Shi kaɗai ne ɗa kuma ɗan ƙarshe mai rai na ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Steve McQueen (1930 – 1980).
 

## Manazarta
Frankie Beverly

**Howard Stanley Beverly** (Disamba 6, 1946 - Satumba Shekara ta 10, 2024), wanda aka fi sani da **Frankie Beverly**, mawaƙin Ba'amurke ne, marubucin waƙa, kuma furodusa sananne da farko don rikodinsa tare da rai da ƙungiyar funk Maze. Ya kirkiro Maze, wanda asalinsa ake kira Raw Soul, a garinsa na Philadelphia a cikin 1970. Bayan ya koma San Francisco da gabatarwa ga Marvin Gaye, Maze daga baya ya fitar da albums na Zinare tara kuma ya ƙirƙiri manyan masu bibiya. 

## Manazarta
Stephen Peat

**Stephen Boyd Peat** (Maris 10, 1980 - Satumba 11, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Kanada. Tsakanin 2001 da 2005, ya buga wasanni hudu tare da Babban Birnin Washington na National Hockey League (NHL). Maɗaukakin Ducks na Anaheim ya zaɓe shi na 32 gabaɗaya a cikin Tsarin Shigar da NHL na 1998. Peat ya fara aikinsa na wasan hockey na kankara tare da Red Deer Rebels na Western Hockey League (WHL), wanda ya zabe shi na uku gaba daya a cikin daftarin 1995. Ya buga wa Rebels, Tri-City Americans, da Calgary Hitmen kafin ya fara aikinsa na wasan hockey a 2000 tare da Portland Pirates. Mai tilastawa, ya kasance kasancewar jiki ga Capitals da Pirates. An yi ciniki da shi zuwa guguwar Carolina a cikin 2005 kuma ya ci gaba da aikinsa a gasar Hockey ta Amurka kafin ya yi ritaya a 2007. Peat ya fuskanci matsalar rashin amfani da kayan maye, ciwon bayan rikice-rikice da rashin matsuguni bayan ya yi ritaya kuma an same shi da laifin kona wuta a 2015. A cikin 2024, ya mutu bayan da abin hawa ya buge shi.

## Manazarta
Kenneth Cope

**Kenneth Charles Cope** (14 Afrilu 1931 - 11 Satumba 2024) ɗan wasan Ingilishi ne kuma marubuci. An san shi sosai saboda rawar da ya taka a matsayin Marty Hopkirk a cikin Randall da Hopkirk (Matattu), Jed Stone a Titin Coronation, Ray Hilton a Brookside, Sid a The Damned kuma a matsayin ƙaramin memba na ƙungiyar Carry On.  

## Manazarta
John Cassaday

**Johnny Mac Cassaday** (Disamba 14, 1971 - Satumba 9, 2024) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Amurka, marubuci, kuma darektan talabijin. An fi saninsa da aikinsa akan fitaccen ɗan wasan Planetary tare da marubuci Warren Ellis, inda salon fasahar sa ya ba da ma'anar gaskiya duk da kyawawan saitunan littafin. Daga baya ya yi aiki ya haɗa da Astonishing X-Men tare da Joss Whedon, Captain America tare da John Ney Rieber, da Star Wars tare da Jason Aaron. Dukansu Marvel Comics da DC Comics sun haɗa da da yawa daga cikin fitattun hotuna na Cassaday a cikin tallan su, da kuma a cikin tarin zane-zanensu da littattafan bosta. Fina-finan na Marvel Comics na raye-raye sun yi amfani da fasaharsa sosai. Ya sami lambar yabo ta Eagle da Eisner da yawa da nadi don aikinsa.

## Manazarta
Mauricio Arriaza Chicas

**Mauricio Antonio Arriaza Chicas** (an haife shi ranar 16 ga watan Disamba, 1964 - 8 Satumba 2024) ɗan sanda ne na Salvadoran wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan hukumar 'yan sanda ta ƙasa (PNC) na El Salvador daga 2019 har zuwa mutuwarsa a wani hatsarin jirgi mai saukar ungulu a shekarar 2024.

## Manazarta
Friedrich Schorlemmer

**Friedrich Schorlemmer** (an haife shi ranar 16 ga watan Mayu, 1944 - 9 ga watan Satumban 2024) masanin tauhidin Furotesta ne na Jamus. Ya kasance fitaccen memba a kungiyar kare hakkin jama'a a Jamhuriyar Demokaradiyyar Jamus.

wanda ya kai ga juyin juya halin lumana. Ya ci gaba da zama mai fafutuka a cikin siyasa da zamantakewa bayan sake hadewar Jamus a cikin 1990, ya tsunduma cikin majalisar gundumar Wittenberg da kungiyoyi da yawa a matsayin mai fafutukar kare zaman lafiya da kiyaye yanayi, kuma a matsayin murya mai mahimmanci.
## Manazarta
Aishah Akorede

**Aishah Akorede** (an haife ta a ranar 17 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 1999) 'yar asalin ƙasar Ireland ce kuma mai riƙe da lambar yabo ta Miss Universe Ireland 2023 kuma ta wakilci ƙasar ta a gasar Miss Universe 2023.  Ya samo asali ne daga County Kildare, Akorede ta kammala karatun Jami'ar Sarauniya ta Belfast.  

Akorede ta ɗauki Katherine Walker, samfurin Arewacin Irish kuma ma'aikaciyar jinya wacce ta lashe a shekarar 2021.

Tana da Jagora na Shari'a a Gudanar da Kamfanoni na Duniya tare da lambar yabo ta Degree Plus Employability daga Jami'ar Sarauniya kuma tana bin Shirin Kwarewar Gudanar da Yarjejeniya. Ita 'yar kabilar Yoruba ce.

## Wasanni
Akorede ta wakilci Ireland a gasar Miss Universe ta 72 da aka gudanar a El Salvador a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba 2023 . 

## Ayyukan kafofin watsa labarai
A cikin 2022, Akorede ya bayyana a cikin jerin Burtaniya Beauty and the Geek a kan Discovery+ wanda Mollie King da Matt Edmondson suka shirya. Akorede ta haɗu da mai sha'awar jirgin sama, Martin Thompson .  Kungiyar ta lashe wasan kwaikwayon, ta lashe £ 50,000. 

## Bayanan da aka ambata

## Haɗin waje
Yakin basasar sierra leone

**** 

**Yakin basasa na Sierra Leone** (1991-2002) ya kasance yakin basasa a Sierra Leone wanda ya fara a ranar 23 ga Maris shekara ta 1991 lokacin da Revolutionary United Front (RUF),tare da goyon bayan dakaru na musamman na mulkin kama karya na Laberiya Charles Taylor na National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL), ya shiga tsakani a Sierra Leone a yunkurin hambarar da gwamnatin Joseph Momoh. Yakin basasar ya dauki kusan shekaru 11, kuma an samu sama da mutane 50,000,   zuwa 70,000, wadanda aka kashe gaba daya; kimanin mutane miliyan 2.5 ne suka rasa matsugunansu a lokacin rikicin.

A cikin shekarar farko na yakin, RUF ta karbe iko da yankuna da dama a gabashi da kudancin Saliyo, wadanda ke da arzikin lu'u-lu'u. Rashin ingantaccen martani da gwamnati ta yi game da RUF da kuma rushewar samar da lu'u-lu'u na gwamnati ya haifar da juyin mulkin da sojoji suka yi a watan Afrilun shekarar 1992, wanda National Provisional Ruling Council (NPRC) ta shirya. A karshen shekarar 1993, sojojin Sierra Leone (SLA) sun yi nasarar fatattakar 'yan tawayen RUF zuwa kan iyakar Laberiya, amma RUF sun murmure, aka ci gaba da gwabzawa. A cikin Maris 1995,an dauki hayar Executive Outcomes (EO), wani kamfani mai zaman kansa na sojoji dake Afirka ta Kudu,don korar RUF. Sierra Leone ta kafa zaɓaɓɓun gwamnatin farar hula a cikin Maris 1996, kuma RUF mai ja da baya ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya ta Abidjan. A karkashin matsin lamba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, gwamnati ta dakatar da kwangilar da ta kulla da EO kafin a aiwatar da yarjejeniyar, kuma an sake samun tashin hankali.  

## Manazarta
National Patriotic Front of Liberia

**National Patriotic Front of Laberiya** (NPFL) kungiya ce ta 'yan tawayen Laberiya wacce ta fara kuma ta shiga yakin basasa na farko na Laberiya daga 24 Disamba shekara ta 1989 zuwa 2 ga Agusta shekara ta 1997. NPFL ta samu daga tashin hankali na kabilanci da tashin hankali na jama'a saboda gwamnatin Laberiya wanda aka siffanta ta da kama-karya, cin hanci da rashawa, da nuna son kai ga kabilar Krahns. NPFL ta mamaye Laberiya ta kan iyakar Ivory Coast da gundumar Nimba a Laberiya karkashin jagorancin Charles Taylor,  tsohon dan siyasar Laberiya kuma jagoran 'yan daba wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaba na 22 na Laberiya daga 2 Agusta shekara ta 1997 har zuwa murabus dinsa a kan 11 Agusta shekarar 2003.

NPLF ita ce ke da alhakin ɗimbin laifuffukan yaƙi da laifuffukan cin zarafin ɗan adam, waɗanda suka haɗa da kisan jama'a, fyade, bautar jima'i, shigar da yara aikin soja, azabtarwa, da kisan gillar siyasa. Take haƙƙin ɗan adam sama da 60,000 da NPFL ta yi an rubuta shi bisa hukuma ta Liberian Truth and Reconciliation Commission
## Shugabanci
Charles Taylor ne ya jagoranci bangaren soji na NPFL, wanda ya umurci NPFL da ta dauki makamai don yakar gwamnatin Samuel Doe a ranar 24 ga Disamba shekara ta 1989. Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, wacce ta kasance shugabar Laberiya ta 24 daga 16 ga Janairu shekara ta 2006 zuwa 22 ga Janairu shekara ta 2018, itace ce Kodinetan kasa da kasa na NPFL kuma ta taimaka wajen tara kudi ga kungiyar 'yan tawaye. Daga baya Sirleaf ta yi watsi da Taylor kuma ta ci gaba don samun lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Nobel saboda goyon bayan gwagwarmaya ta zaman lfy don kare lafiyar mata don shiga aikin samar da zaman lafiya. Tom Woewiyu ya yi aiki a matsayin ministan tsaro kuma mai magana da yawun kungiyar ta NPLF kuma ya yi aiki don tabbatar da manufa da tsare-tsaren kungiyar 'yan tawayen ga manyan jami'an kasashen waje. Martina Johnson ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin kwamandojin layin gaba na NPFL kuma an zarge ta da hannu kai tsaye wajen lalata da kashe mutane a ƙarshen shekarar 1992 yayin wani harin NPFL da aka fi sani da Operation Octopus.

## Manazarta
Zoot Money

**George Bruno "Zoot" Kudi** (17 Yuli 1942 - 8 Satumba 2024) ya kasance mawaƙin Ingilishi, mawallafin maɓalli kuma jagora. An fi saninsa da wasa ƙungiyar Hammond da kuma jagorancinsa na Big Roll Band. Jerry Lee Lewis da Ray Charles suka yi wahayi zuwa gare su, an zana kuɗi zuwa kaɗe-kaɗe da mirgina kuma sun shiga cikin fage na kiɗan Bournemouth da Soho a cikin shekarun 1960. Ya ɗauki sunansa "Zoot" daga Zoot Sims bayan ya gan shi yana yin kide-kide. An haɗa kuɗi tare da Dabbobin, Eric Burdon, Peter Green, Steve Marriott, Kevin Coyne, Kevin Ayers, Humble Pie, Steve Ellis, Alexis Korner, Snowy White, Mick Taylor, Spencer Davis, Vivian Stanshall, Geno Washington, Brian Friel, Hard Matafiya, Mai takaba, Georgie Fame da Alan Price. Daga baya ya kasance dan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma jarumi a fina-finai da TV. kuma ya kasance Daraktan Kiɗa don jerin wasan kwaikwayo na BBC Scotland na 1987 Tutti Frutti.

## Manazarta
Diondre Overton

**Diondre Overton** (Afrilu 19, 1998 - Satumba 7, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance babban mai karɓa. Bayan buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Clemson Tigers, ya ɗauki lokaci tare da Hamilton Tiger-Cats, Vienna Vikings, Philadelphia Stars,, Pittsburgh Maulers, da Memphis Showboats.  

## Manazarta
Rebecca Horn

**Rebecca Horn** (24 Maris 1944 - 6 Satumba 2024) yar wasan gani ce ta Jamus wacce aka fi sani da fasahar shigarwa, jagorar fina-finai da gyare-gyaren jiki kamar Einhorn (Unicorn), rigar jiki tare da babban ƙaho mai tsinkaya a tsaye daga headpiece. Yayin da take zaune a Paris da Berlin, ta yi aiki a cikin fim, sassaka da kuma wasan kwaikwayo, tana jagorantar fina-finai Der Eintänzer (1978),, La ferdinanda: Sonate für eine Medici-Villa (1982) da Buster's Bedroom (1990).  

## Manazarta
Rebecca Cheptegei

**Rebecca Cheptegei** (22 Fabrairu 1991 - 5 Satumba 2024) 'yar kasar Uganda ce ta tsallake-tsallake, mai tsere mai nisa da tseren gudun fanfalaki, wacce ta kasance mai rike da kambun kasa a matakin karshe kuma tsohuwar zakaran duniya a tseren tsaunuka. Cheptegei ya wakilci Uganda a gasar cin kofin duniya da dama tun daga shekarar 2010, da suka hada da Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Duniya ta IAAF, Gasar Gudun Gudun Dutsin Dutsin Dutsin Duniya da Gasar Trail da Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya. Ta kuma shiga gasar gudun fanfalaki ta mata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2024 a birnin Paris. Tsohon abokin aikinta Dickson Ndiema Marangach ne ya kashe ta a watan Satumban 2024, wanda ya shayar da ita man fetur kuma ya bace ta, sakamakon wani rikicin fili a Kenya.  
## Manazarta
Cathy Merrick

**Catherine Ann Merrick** (Mayu 31, 1961 - Satumba 6, 2024) mace ce ta Cree daga Pimicikamak Cree Nation kuma Babban Shugaban Majalisar Manyan Manitoba. Merrick ta fara aikinta na siyasa a 2001 a matsayin Kansila ga gidanta na Nation of Pimicikamak Cree Nation; ta yi shekaru 12 a wannan matsayi. Daga nan ta zama shugabar mace ta biyu na Pimicikamak kuma ta yi aiki a wannan rawar har zuwa 2018. A matsayinta na shugaba, Merrick ya goyi bayan ci gaban dala miliyan 55 na cibiyar kiwon lafiya a cikin al'umma. A cikin Oktoba 2022, Merrick ta zama mace ta farko da aka zaba babbar shugabar majalisar sarakunan Manitoba, ta gaji Arlen Dumas. An sake zabe ta a wannan matsayi a watan Yulin 2024. A matsayinta na Grand Chief, ta yi aiki don magance sunan AMC biyo bayan zaman Dumas, yin shawarwarin ruwa da filaye na Manitoba First Nations, tana aiki don komawar Sioux Valley Dakota Nation ga AMC, da bayar da shawarwari don neman tudun ruwa. wadanda aka kashe na kisan gillar Winnipeg na 2022. A ranar 6 ga Satumba, 2024, Merrick yana magana ne a wani taron manema labarai a wajen Kotunan Shari'a ta Manitoba a Winnipeg, bayan wanke jami'in gyara da ke da hannu a mutuwar William Ahmo. Yayin da take magana da manema labarai kan wani batu na dabam game da tallafin na musamman na yara, [5] ta sanar da ranar da ta gabata, kwatsam ta fadi. An tabbatar da cewa Merrick ya mutu jim kadan bayan an kai shi asibitin St. Boniface. Mutuwarta ta haifar da martani daga 'yan asalin ƙasar da shugabannin siyasa a duk faɗin Manitoba, Kanada, da na duniya.

## Manazarta
Eugene Sharrer

**Eugene Charles Albert Sharrer ** ya kasance wani dan kasar Biritaniya ne ta hanyar ba da izinin zama amma ɗan asalin Jamus ne, wanda ya kasance babban ɗan kasuwa a ƙasar da ta kasance Malawi a yanzu,kusan shekaru goma sha biyar tsakanin zuwansa a shekarar 1888 da tafiyarsa. Ya haɓaka ayyukan kasuwanci cikin sauri da suka haɗa da siyarda kayayyaki da yawa da kuma kadan, manyan riƙon filaye, gonakin auduga da kofi da kuma gungun jiragen ruwa a kan kogin Zambezi da Shire. Sharrer ya yi fice a cikin kungiyoyin matsin lamba wadanda ke wakiltar muradun masu shukar Turawa da kasuwancinsu ga hukumomin mulkin mallaka, kuma shi ne ke da alhakin samar da hanyar jirgin kasa na farko a cikin abin da ya zama Kariyar Burtaniya ta Tsakiyar Afirka, wanda aka amince da gininsa a shekarar 1902.A cikin shekarar 1902, Sharrer ya haɗa dukkan abubuwan kasuwancinsa zuwa Kamfanin British Central Africa Company Ltd kuma ya zama babban mai hannun jari a kamfanin ba da daɗewa ba bayan wannan ya bar Burtaniya ta Tsakiyar Afirka zuwa London na dindindin, ko da yake ya riƙe buƙatunsa na kuɗi a cikin yankin. Kadan daga cikin tarihinsa aka sani kafin ya iso Afirka ta Tsakiya amma ya mutu a Landan lokacin yakin duniya na farko.
## Isowa Afirka ta tsakiya
An san kadan game da farkon rayuwar Eugene Sharrer, kuma ba a san kwanan wata ko ma shekarar haihuwarsa ba. An rubuta cewa asalinsa Bajamushe ne daga Hamburg kuma ya yi iƙirarin zama ɗan Biritaniya ta hanyar ɗabi'a. An kwatanta shi da kamannin Bayahude, idan ba asalin Bayahude ba, daga wani jami'in mulkin mallaka kuma ya zama babban bakon mulkin mallaka, mai kudi amma jami'ai ba sa son sa saboda asalin kasa da kabilar sa. Ya isa kasar da take Malawi a yau a shekara ta 1888, kafin kasar ta zama mamayar Burtaniya, tare da jigilar kayayyaki na kasuwanci kuma da farko ya hada kai da John Buchanan wanda ke ciniki a can tun 1881, amma ba da jimawa ba ya fara nasa kasuwancin.  Sharrer ya tsunduma cikin harkar cinikin hauren giwaye, har zuwa shekarar 1893 babban kayan da ake fitarwa a yankin, kuma daga wannan sana’ar ta kasuwanci ta samar da kubula Stores Ltd.Lokacin da cinikin hauren giwaye ya ragu yayin da aka kashe giwaye, ya bambanta, ya sami fili mai yawa tare da gina ingantaccen aikin sufuri da aikin noma. Kubula Stores Ltd ya kasa yin gogayya da cibiyar sadarwar karkara na shagunan "Mandala" na Kamfanonin Lakes na Afirka kuma an sayar da shi ga wannan abokin hamayya a shekarun 1920.
## Manazarta
Sérgio Mendes

**Sérgio Santos Mendes** (11 Fabrairu 1941 - 5 Satumba 2024) mawaƙin Brazil ne. Aikinsa ya tashi tare da hits a duniya ta ƙungiyarsa ta Brasil '66. Ya fitar da albam guda 35 kuma an san shi da wasa bossa nova, sau da yawa yana haɗe da funk. An zabe shi don Oscar don Kyautattun Waƙar Asali a 2012 a matsayin abokin haɗin gwiwa na "Real in Rio" daga fim ɗin Rio mai rai. An san Mendes da farko a Amurka, inda aka yi rikodin albam ɗinsa kuma inda yawancin yawon buɗe ido ke gudana. An auri Gracinha Leporace, wanda ya yi wasa tare da shi tun farkon shekarun 1970. Mendes ya yi aiki tare da masu fasaha da yawa, ciki har da Black Eyed Peas, wanda ya sake yin rikodin a cikin 2006 tare da sake yin waƙar "Mas que Nada" a 1966, wanda ya kasance ci gaba a gare shi.

## Manazarta
Bora Đorđević

**Borisav "Bora" Đorđević** (1 Nuwamba 1952 - 4 Satumba 2024), kuma aka sani da Bora Čorba (Serbian Cyrillic: Бора Чорба), mawaƙin Serbian ne, marubuci kuma mawaƙi. An fi saninsa da ɗan wasan gaba na ƙungiyar rock Riblja Čorba. Đorđević sananne ne saboda irin waƙoƙin waƙarsa da murya mai ban sha'awa, Đorđević ana ɗaukarsa ɗaya daga cikin manyan mawallafa mafi tasiri na fagen dutsen Serbia.
 

## Manazarta
Rodolfo Hernández

**Rodolfo Hernández Suárez** (26 Maris 1945 - 2 Satumba 2024) ɗan siyasan Colombia ne, injiniyan farar hula, kuma ɗan kasuwa wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Sanata na Colombia daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba 2022. Ya kasance magajin garin Bucaramanga daga 2016 har sai ya yi murabus a 2019. A matsayinsa na ɗan kasuwa. wanda aka zaba na kungiyar hadin gwiwar Gwamnonin Yaki da Cin Hanci da Rashawa (LIGA), Hernández ya zo na biyu a zagayen farko na zaben shugaban kasar Colombia na 2022, kuma a karshe Gustavo Petro ya doke shi a zaben zagaye na biyu na zagaye na biyu. Hernández ya yi aiki a takaice a kujerar majalisar dattijai da aka bai wa wanda ya zo na biyu a zaben shugaban kasa kuma ya fara aiki a ranar 20 ga Yuli kuma ya yi murabus a watan Oktoba na wannan shekarar. Bayan da ya sha kaye, Hernández ya nemi hukumar zabe ta kasa ta ba LIGA matsayin jam'iyya ta doka. LIGA ta zama jam'iyya a ranar 4 ga Agusta 2022 kuma Hernández ya zama shugaban jam'iyyar. Shi ne mai kamfanin Constructora HG. A ƙarshen 2023, Hernández Suárez ya fara yaƙin neman zaɓe don Gwamnan Santander kuma ya kamu da cutar kansa. A cikin watan Yuni 2024, an yanke masa hukuncin daurin kurkuku saboda tasirin kwangilar kasuwanci da ya amfana da dansa a lokacin da yake matsayin magajin gari.[5] Hernández Suárez ya mutu sakamakon cutar kansa a watan Satumbar 2024.  

## Manazarta
Phlorofucofuroeckol A

**Phlorofucofuroecol A** shine phlorotannin keɓe daga nau'in algae mai launin ruwan kasa kamar Eisenia bicyclis (wani ciyawa mai cin abinci mai suna arame a ƙasar Japan), Ecklonia cava, Ecklonia kurome ko Ecklonia stolonifera.

The molecule possesses both the dibenzo-1,4-dioxin and dibenzofuran elements.

## Manazarta
Dick Young (Dan kwallo)

**Richard Young** (13 Yuli 1939 - 1988) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Ingila wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasa mai buga gaba.Ya kuma yi wa Grays Thurrock wasa.

## Rayuwar Kwallon Kafa
**Kwaleji**
Matashi ya shafe shekaru biyu a Glendale Community College a Glendale, Arizona. Daga nan ya koma Jami'ar Tulsa kuma ya buga wa Tulsa Golden Hurricane wasa. Ya kasance mai nasara na wasiƙa na shekara biyu. Ya buga wasanni na sana'a 22 kuma an ba shi lada da 177 tackles a matsayin mai tsaron gida.

**Kwararren dan ƙwallon ƙafa**

Bayan kwaleji, Young ya halarci karamin sansanin tare da Shugabannin Kansas City. A cikin 1999, ya tafi Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Kanada (CFL) kuma ya buga wa Saskatchewan Roughriders. Ya ciyar da lokutan 2000 da 2001 a cikin Kwallon kafa na Arena tare da Milwaukee Mustangs. A cikin AFL, Young ya buga duka biyun baya da kuma layi. Bayan AFL, Young ya shiga XFL na ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da Orlando Rage. Bayan gasar ta ninka, Young ya yi ƙoƙarin yin jerin sunayen Jacksonville Jaguars, amma an yi watsi da shi yayin sansanin horo. Ya koma AFL, a wannan lokacin tare da Indiana Firebirds, a cikin 2002. Zai shafe shekaru biyu masu zuwa a Indiana kafin ya shiga Colorado Crush a 2004. A cikin 2003, ya jagoranci duk masu layi na tsakiya na AFL tare da buhu 4.0

## Manazarta
Aikin littafin ban dariya

**Shirin littafin barkwanci** shiri ne na ban dariya na tushen bayan makaranta na kasar Amurka, wanda a cikinsa ake baiwa yaran firamare damar ƙirƙirar littattafan ban dariya. Michael Bitz ne ya kafa wannan aikin yayin wani bangare na Kwalejin Malamai a Jami'ar Columbia, kuma a halin yanzu Cibiyar Kula da Hanyoyi na Ilimi tana kula da shi.shiri ne na ban dariya na tushen bayan makaranta na Amurka, wanda kuma a cikinsa ake baiwa yaran firamare damar ƙirƙirar littattafan ban dariya. Michael Bitz ne ya kafa wannan aikin yayin wani bangare na Kwalejin Malamai a Jami'ar Columbia, kuma a halin yanzu Cibiyar Kula da Hanyoyi na Ilimi tana kula da shi.

## Labari
A matsayin babban mataimaki na bincike a Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimin Ilimin Arts a Kwalejin Malamai ta Jami'ar Columbia, Michael Blitz ya kafa shirin Comic Book Project a shekarar 2001. Burinsa shi ne ya yi amfani da binciken bincikensa a cikin hanyar ƙirƙira don sa yara su "haɗa basira kamar karatu. , rubuce-rubuce, ƙaddamar da tunani da tunani. " Blitz ya ƙaddamar da aikin a makarantar firamare ɗaya a Queens, New York, kuma daga baya ya faɗaɗa shi zuwa shirye-shiryen bayan makaranta a wasu sassan birnin. Blitz ya yi haɗin gwiwa tare da ƙungiyar masu zaman kansu Bayan-School Corp don haɓaka aikin sa a cikin shekarar 2003. Aikin ya kuma sami turawa daga littafin ban dariya na matasa da kulake na manga. A shekara ta 2008, aikin Littattafan Ban dariya ya bazu zuwa fiye da makarantun birane da na karkara 850 a duk faɗin Amurka. Cibiyar Nazarin Hanyoyi na Ilimi tana kula da Aikin Littattafan Ban dariya a halin yanzu.

## Shaci
A cikin tarurrukan Bita na Aikin Ban sha'awa, ana ba ƙungiyoyin yara damar yin haɗin gwiwa kan ƙirƙirar littattafan ban dariya tare da sarƙaƙƙiyar haruffa da labarun labarai.

## Manazarta
Fatman Scoop

**Isaac Freeman III** (Agusta 6, 1968 - Agusta 30, 2024), wanda aka fi sani da sunansa Fatman Scoop, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na hip hop na Amurka. An san shi don haɓakar haɓakarsa, kasancewar muryar muryarsa a kan waƙoƙin hip hop daban-daban, an san shi sosai don wasan kwaikwayon baƙon da ya yi a kan waƙoƙin 2005 "Lose Control" na Missy Elliott da "Kamar Haka ne" na Mariah Carey, da kuma 1999 mai barci ya buga. guda, "Ku Kasance Masu Aminci" (wanda ke nuna Crooklyn Clan), wanda ya mamaye Chart Singles na Burtaniya a cikin 2003. 

## Manazarta
Johnny Gaudreau

**John Michael Gaudreau** (Agusta 13, 1993 - Agusta 29, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙwallon ƙanƙara wanda ya taka leda a lokutan 11 a cikin National Hockey League (NHL). Ya buga wasan hockey na kwaleji don Division I a matsayin Boston College Eagles na yanayi uku da suka fara a cikin 2011, kuma an zaɓi shi a zagaye na huɗu, 104th gabaɗaya, ta Calgary Flames a cikin daftarin shigarwa na 2011 NHL. Wanda ake yiwa lakabi da "Johnny Hockey", an nada shi wanda ya karbi kyautar Hobey Baker a 2014 a matsayin mafi kyawun dan wasa a cikin NCAA, kuma, a lokacin cikakken lokacin NHL na farko a cikin 2014 – 15, an zaɓi shi don yin wasa a cikin 2015 NHL All-Star Game. , da kuma sunansa ga ƙungiyar NHL All-Rookie na shekara-shekara. Gaudreau ya kasance dan wasa na Calder Memorial Trophy don mafi kyawun rookie na NHL, kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ta Lady Byng Memorial a matsayin mafi kyawun ɗan wasa na gasar don lokacin 2016–17. A cikin 2022, Gaudreau ya rattaba hannu tare da Columbus Blue Jaket, inda ya shafe yanayi biyu har mutuwarsa a 2024. Wani da ake zargin direban bugu ne ya kashe Gaudreau da dan uwansa Matthew yayin da suke tuka keke a ranar 29, ga Agusta, 2024, a garin Oldmans, New Jersey.
## Manazarta
Brandon Mason

**Brandon Alexander Mason** (An haife shi ranar 30 ga watan Satumba, 1997) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar  Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan baya  na kungiyar wealdstone ta Ƙasa

## Ayyukan kulob dinsa

### Watford
bayan ya kammala ƙaungiyar matasa ta watpford, an ba Mason kwangila cikin yan kwallo  kwararru tun  kafin kakar 2016-17.  Ya fara buga Gasar firimiya  a watford a ranar 1 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2017 a wasan da aka yi da tottenham hotspur.Daga nan sai ya fara bugawa Watford wasa na farko a gasar cin kofin FA  da suka yi da burton albion kwanaki shida bayan haka, inda ya zira kwallaye ma kungiyar  Christian Kabasele.

A watan Janairun 2018, Mason ya shiga kungiyar dundee united ta ƙasar  Scotland har zuwa karshen kakar 2017-18.  Ya fara bugawa kulob din wasa na farko a wasan da aka yi da 6-1 a falkirk a ranar 6 ga watan Janairu,  amma ya sake buga wasan ɗaya ne kawai ga kulob ɗin. Daga baya Watford ta sake shi a ƙarshen kakar.

## Birnin Coventry
A watan Yulin 2018, brandon  Mason ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da sabuwar kungiyar League One ta Coventry City .  Ya buga wasan sa na farko ga "Sky Blues" a ranar 4 ga watan Agusta 2018 a wasan da aka yi da scunthorpe united 2-1 a gida.

A watan Satumbar 2019 ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar ta shekaru uku tare da Coventry .  Mason ya shiga kungiyarfirayim mnista na scotland wato st mirren a kan rancen kakar wasa a ranar 5 ga Oktoba 2020 kuma ya ci gaba da yin wasanni 13 a duk gasa. Coventry City ce ta sake shi a watan Agustan 2021.

## Milton Keynes Dons
A ranar 18 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, Mason ya shiga ƙaungiyar Milton Keynes Dons ta League One a kan kwangilar gajeren lokaci, da farko a matsayin dan baya  na hagu danial havie.  bai buga wasa ko  ɗaya ga kulob ɗin kuma daga baya ya zama  ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa shida da aka saki a ƙarshen kakar 2021-22.

## Garin Crawley
Mason ya sanya hannu a kulob din Crawley Town na EFL League Two a kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu a watan Yulin 2022 bayan jarabashi da akayi  a kulob ɗin.

## Wealdstone
Mason ya sanya hannu a kulob ɗin wealdstone  na National League a watan Oktoba 2023 bayan gwajin gwaji a kulob ɗin.

## Kididdigar aiki

## Manazarta
Leonard Riggio

**Leonard Stephen Riggio** (Fabrairu 28, 1941 - Agusta 27, 2024) ɗan kasuwan Amurka ne. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban zartarwa na sarkar kantin sayar da littattafai Barnes & Noble kuma shine mafi girman hannun jari daga 1971 har zuwa siyar da kamfanin ga asusun shinge na Elliott Investment Management a 2019. A karkashin jagorancinsa kamfanin ya fadada sosai daga wurin sayar da kayayyaki guda daya akan 105 Fifth. Avenue a cikin birnin New York zuwa sarkar kasa baki daya mai shaguna 600+, wanda ta yi tare da saye da hadakar shagunan sarkar da suka hada da daukar nauyin sa. na B. Dalton a cikin 1986,, wanda babban jarin ya sami goyan baya daga dillalan dillalan Dutch Vendex International da Drexel Burnham Lambert-wanda aka ba da takaddun.
## Manazarta
Sven-Göran Eriksson

**Sven-Göran Eriksson** (5 Fabrairu 1948 - 26 Agusta 2024) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne kuma mai sarrafa Sweden. Bayan ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan baya na dama, Eriksson ya ci gaba da samun babbar nasara a kulab din gudanarwa tsakanin 1977 zuwa 2001, inda ya lashe kofuna 18 tare da kungiyoyi daban-daban na gasar a Sweden, Portugal, da Italiya. A gasar cin kofin Turai, ya lashe kofin UEFA, Kofin Nasara na Turai (bugu na karshe na waccan kofin kafin a soke shi),, UEFA Super Cup, kuma ya kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin Turai. Eriksson daga baya ya jagoranci tawagar kasar Ingila da Mexico da Philippines da Ivory Coast da kuma Manchester City da Leicester City a Ingila. Eriksson ya horar da kasashe goma: Sweden, Portugal, Italiya, Ingila, Mexico, Ivory Coast, Thailand, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, China da Philippines.
## Manazarta
Salim Al-Huss

**Salim Ahmad al-Huss** (20 Disamba 1929 - 25 ga Agusta 2024), wanda kuma ya rubuta Selim El-Hoss, ɗan siyasan Lebanon ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Firayim Minista na Lebanon. wanda ya dade yana zama dan majalisa mai wakiltar garinsu, Beirut. An san shi a matsayin technocrat.
## Manazarta
Russell Malone

**Russell Lamar Malone** (Nuwamba 8, 1963 - Agusta 23, 2024) ɗan kidan jazz ɗan Amurka ne. Ya fara aiki tare da Jimmy Smith a cikin 1988 kuma ya ci gaba da aiki tare da Harry Connick Jr. da Diana Krall a cikin 1990s.

## Manazarta
Juan Izquierdo

**Juan Manuel Izquierdo Viana** (4 Yuli 1997 - 27 Agusta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Uruguay wanda ya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron baya. Ya buga wasanni 111 ,na Primera División na Uruguay don Cerro, Peñarol, Montevideo Wanderers, Liverpool da Nacional, inda ya lashe gasar a 2022 da 2023 na kungiyoyi biyu na karshe, bi da bi. Ya kuma taka leda a takaice a gasar MX na Mexico don Atlético San Luis a cikin 2021. Izquierdo ya mutu yana da shekaru 27, bayan ya fadi saboda ciwon zuciya a lokacin wasan Copa Libertadores a São Paulo.
## Manazarta
Atsuko Tanaka

**Atsuko Tanaka** (Fabrairu 10, 1932 - Disamba 3, 2005) ɗan ƙasar Japan ne mai zane-zane. Ta kasance babban jigo na Ƙungiyar Fasaha ta Gutai daga 1955 zuwa 1965. Ayyukanta sun sami ƙarin kulawa da masana a duk faɗin duniya tun farkon shekarun 2000, lokacin da ta sami gidan kayan gargajiya na farko a Ashiya, Japan, wanda ya biyo baya ta farko. Komawa zuwa ƙasashen waje, a cikin New York da Vancouver.. An nuna aikinta a nune-nune da yawa kan fasahar Gutai a Turai da Arewacin Amurka.  

## Manazarta
Tamina

***Tamina*** (Arabic) ko "semolina cake," tsohuwar zuma ce ta Aljeriya wacce ta kunshi semolina mai laushi, mai launin zinariya amma ba launin ruwan ƙasa ba, haɗe da man shanu, da zuma mai narkewa. Yawanci ana yi mata ado da cinnamon, Pistachio ko almonds mai sukari.

Ana kuma kiransa ***Tamena***, ***Taqnata*** ko ***Takneta*** wani irin kek ne mai daɗi, wanda aka saba yi a Aljeriya da Maroko a lokacin haihuwa ko kuma Maulidi Ennabawi echarif (biki na addini na tunawa da maulidin Annabin Musulunci Muhammad (A)) ko kuma ana yin sa a lokacin bukukuwa haihuwar yaro to amma ana iya shirya shi kowace rana na shekara. 

Akwai wani irin kek na Aljeriya mai suna tamina (Rfiss Tousni), amma ana yin wannan da gasasshen semolina, da man shanu da man dabino (garss).  Yana da zaƙi mai daɗi don raka tare da kyakkyawan shayi na Mint na Aljeriya ko latte a lokacin ciye-ciye. Ana yi wa Tamina ado da ƙwayayen Pine don ƙarin daɗi. 

Yawanci ana raba Tamina tsakanin wasu ’yan tsiraru, kamar yadda ake haɗawa a ƙananan faranti ana sha da ƙananan cokali.

## Sinadaran

* 500 grams na semolina (matsakaici-niƙa)
* 250 g man shanu mai narkewa
* 250 g zuma
* 1 tsp ruwan furanni lemo (mazhar)
* Cinnamon na ƙasa (don ado)
* Dragées, Pistachio ko almonds (don ado na ƙarshe)

## Manazarta
Trida

**Trida** ( Larabci : تريدة ), wanda kuma aka sani da **mkafta**, abinci ne na gargajiya na Aljeriya    wanda ake yin shi da taliya mai siffar murabba'i na hannu, kaza, nama, chickpeas, da ƙwai mai tauri, duk ana yin amfani da su da farin miya ko jar miya tare da tumatir.   Ana amfani da wannan tasa sau da yawa a lokacin Yennayer, Sabuwar Shekarar Berber. 

## Asali
Tharid, wanda ya samo asali ne daga Mesopotamiya, wanda ke nufin gurasa mai laushi, ya samo asali a cikin dishes yayin da yake riƙe da sunan "trida" ko kuma "mqettefa" a Aljeriya dangane da bambancin yanki. Lokacin da ake amfani da gurasar Aljeriya ("kesra") don karya shi cikin ƙananan ɓangarori kuma a tsoma su cikin miya, ana kiransa "tridat adhfar" (trida na yatsan hannu, magana ta alama da ke nufin girman gurasar) ko abin da mutanen Baghdadi suka kira "fatit".

## Manazarta
Kararrawa

**Ƙararrawa** ita ce kayan buga wasiƙar kai tsaye. Yawancin karrarawa suna da sifar ƙoƙo mai rami wanda idan an buga shi yana girgiza cikin sautin ƙara guda ɗaya, tare da ɓangarorinsa suna samar da ingantaccen resonator. Ana iya yin yajin ta hanyar "clapper" na ciki ko "uvula", guduma na waje, ko - a cikin ƙananan karrarawa - ta wani ɗan ƙaramin yanki da ke kewaye a cikin jikin kararrawa ( kararrawa jingle).

Yawancin lokaci ana jefa ƙararrawa daga ƙarfe na kararrawa (nau'in tagulla) don ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun sa, amma kuma ana iya yin su daga wasu abubuwa masu wuya. Wannan ya dogara da aikin. Ana iya yin wasu ƙananan ƙararrawa kamar ƙararrawa na ado ko ƙararrawa daga simintin ƙarfe ko matsewar ƙarfe, gilashi ko yumbu, amma manyan karrarawa kamar coci, agogo da karrarawa na hasumiya galibi ana jefa su daga karfen kararrawa.

Kararrawar da aka yi niyya a ji a faffadan yanki na iya zuwa daga kararrawa guda daya da aka rataya a cikin turret ko kararrawa, zuwa gunkin kade-kade kamar zoben kararrawa na Ingilishi, carillon ko zvon na Rasha wanda aka kunna zuwa ma'auni gama gari shigar a cikin hasumiya mai kararrawa. Yawancin gine-gine na jama'a ko na cibiyoyi suna yin kararrawa, galibi kamar kararrawa don yin sautin sa'o'i da kwata.

A tarihi, kararrawa tana da alaƙa da ayyukan ibada, kuma har yanzu ana amfani da ita wajen kiran al'umma don hidimar addini. Daga baya, an yi karrarawa don tunawa da muhimman abubuwan da suka faru ko mutane kuma an danganta su da ra'ayoyin zaman lafiya da 'yanci. Ana kiran binciken kararrawa campanology.

## Asali
Bell kalma ce gama gari ga ƙananan yarukan Jamusanci, wanda ke da alaƙa da Middle Low German belle da Dutch bel amma baya fitowa a cikin sauran harshen Jamusanci sai dai Bjalla Icelandic wanda kalmar lamuni ce daga Tsohuwar Ingilishi. Ya shahara amma ba shakka[3]   yana da alaƙa da tsohuwar ma'anar kararrawa (Tsohon Turanci: bellan, 'don ruri, don yin ƙara mai ƙarfi') wanda ya haifar da tashin hankali. 

## Tarihi
Farkon shaidar ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi na kararrawa tun daga karni na 3 BC, kuma an samo ta ne zuwa al'adun Yangshao na Neolithic China. An samo karrarawa da aka yi da tukwane a wuraren binciken kayan tarihi da yawa.[7] Kararrawar tukwane daga baya ta zama kararrawar karfe. A Yammacin Asiya, karrarawa na farko sun bayyana a cikin 1000 BC.[6] Ƙarfe na farko, tare da ɗayan da aka samo a Taosi sa kuma huɗu a cikin Erlitou site, an yi kwanan watan kusan 2000 BC.[8]

## Manazarta
Michel Guérard

**Michel Robert-Guérard** (Maris 1933 - Agusta 19, 2024), wanda aka fi sani da Michel Guérard, wani shugaba ne na Faransa, marubuci, ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa abinci na nouvelle kuma wanda ya ƙirƙiri nama.

## Farkon rayuwa da Karatu
An haifi Michel Guérard a shekara ta 1933 a unguwar Paris ta Vétheuil. Yana da shekaru shida, Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ya barke, kuma an tashe shi a wajen Rouen tare da kakarsa sannan mahaifiyarsa. A garin, mahaifiyarsa ce ke kula da gidan mahauci bayan an kafa mahaifinsa. Yana da "irin yaran ƙasar Faransa wanda ya haɗa da shiga cikin rafi ba tare da takalmi ba don kama kifi mai zamewa da hannunsa, amma har da tambayoyin Nazi game da wurin da shanun danginsa suke." Bayan samun 'yanci a cikin 1944, ya yi "biki irin na Escoffier" a gidan abokin iyali, yana taimaka masa ya daina karatun kimiyya don neman koyon girki. Ya kuma koyi girki a wajen mahaifiyarsa da kakarsa.

## Manazarta
Ruth Johnson Colvin

**Ruth Johnson Colvin** (Disamba 16, 1916 - Agusta 18, 2024) yar Amurka ce mai taimakon jama'a wacce ita ce ta kafa kungiyar sa kai ta Literacy Volunteers of America, yanzu ana kiranta ProLiteracy Worldwide a Syracuse, New York, a cikin 1962. An ba ta lambar yabo. Medal na Shugaban kasa na 'Yanci ta Shugaba George W,. Bush a cikin Disamba 2006.
## Manazarta
Zviti

**Zviti** (Arabic), daga M'sila, abinci ne na gargajiya na Aljeriya. Zviti, tare da *[[Chakhshukha]]*, suna ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun abinci a yankin Ouled Nail da yankin Bousaada. Har ila yau an san shi da **Slata [[:fr:Mehraz|Mahras]]**, mai suna bayan babban katako na turmi da taɓarya wanda kuma ake amfani dashi don dafa abinci da kuma ba da abinci (Mahras).  Ana ba da wannan abincin gargajiya a lokuta na musamman da bukukuwan hutu.

## Asalin
Wannan abincin ya samo asali ne daga birnin Bou Saâda a cikin garin Misila na kasar Aljeriya. Duk da haka, ya yaɗu a M'sila da kuma a cikin ƙananun garuruwan Rommana, El Allig, Eddis, Oultem da duk faɗin ƙasar. 

## Shiri
Ana shirya Zviti ta hanyar yin amfani da burodin Reqass na gargajiya na Aljeriya ko Kesra, wanda ake yin shi da garin alkama ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba, ana gutsuttsura wannan biredi a ciki da kuma cakuɗa tumatir da tafarnuwa mai zafi waɗanda aka niƙa a cikin mahras kafin hannu, kayan yaji iri-iri kamar chili, bakin barkono, ras el hanout a haɗa, coriander, ruwa da man zaitun kuma ana saka su. Hakanan ana amfani da zaitun  a wasu yankuna, kamar Bousaada da kewaye.

## Manazarta
Phil Donahue

**Phillip John Donahue** (Disamba 21, 1935 - Agusta 18, 2024) ɗan jarida ne na Amurka, marubuci, mai shirya fina-finai, kuma mahalicci kuma mai watsa shiri na The Phil Donahue Show. Shirin talabijin, wanda daga baya aka fi sani da Donahue, shi ne mashahuran nunin magana na farko da ya fito da tsarin da ya haɗa da halartan masu sauraro. Nunin yana gudana na shekaru 29 akan gidan talabijin na ƙasa wanda ya fara a Dayton, Ohio, a cikin 1967 kuma ya ƙare a cikin New York City a 1996. Nunin Donahue sau da yawa yana mai da hankali kan batutuwan da ke raba masu sassaucin ra'ayi da masu ra'ayin mazan jiya a Amurka, kamar zubar da ciki, kariyar masu amfani, 'yancin ɗan adam, da batutuwan yaƙi. Baƙon da ya fi yawan halarta shi ne Ralph Nader, wanda Donahue ya yi wa yaƙin neman zaɓe a shekara ta 2000.. Donahue kuma ya shirya wani taron tattaunawa a MSNBC na ɗan gajeren lokaci daga Yuli 2002 zuwa Fabrairu 2003. Donahue yana ɗaya daga cikin masu gabatar da jawabai masu tasiri kuma galibi ana kiransa da “sarki” "maganar rana". Oprah Winfrey ta ce, "Idan ba don Phil Donahue ba, da ba a taba yin Oprah Show ba." A cikin 1996, Donahue ya kasance mai lamba No. 42 akan Jagoran Talabijin na 50 Mafi Girman Tauraron Talabijan na Duk Lokaci.
## Manazarta
Mechouia salad

**Salatin Mechouia** ( Tunisian Arabic    , "salatin gasasshen") salatin Tunisiya . Shahararren abincin farko na farko daga Tunisiya, ƙasa a Arewacin Afirka da ke godiya da kayan yaji, ana amfani dashi musamman a lokacin rani, kuma kayan lambu ne gasasshen, tumatir, barkono, albasa da tafarnuwa salatin, wanda zai iya ƙunshi eggplant. Ana soya su a cikin tanda ko a kan murhu sannan a nika su tare, a yi yaji, sannan a zuba tuna da man zaitun, wani lokaci ana sanya kwai da aka tafasa don ado.

## Amfanin lafiya
Slata mechouia shine babban tushen abinci na lycopene antioxidant wanda aka danganta da fa'idodin kiwon lafiya da yawa, gami da rage haɗarin cututtukan zuciya da ciwon daji. Su ma babban tushen bitamin C, potassium, folate da bitamin K. Ya ƙunshi fiber, bitamin E da C. Arewacin Afirka suna amfani da shi don rage kumburi da kuma warkar da cututtuka.     

## Duba kuma

* Jerin Salatin Larabci

## Manazarta
Silvio Santos

**Silvio Santos,** sunan mataki na **Senor Abravanel** (12 Disamba 1930 - 17 ga Agusta 2024), ya kasance mai gabatar da talabijin na Brazil kuma ɗan kasuwa, wanda aka fi sani da shi a matsayin mafi girman hali a tarihin sadarwa a Brazil. Silvio ya fara aikinsa na sadarwa ta rediyo, daga baya ya isa gidan talabijin, inda ya kafa kansa a matsayin babban jigo a cikin nishadantarwa na Brazil fiye da shekaru sittin, inda ya sami sha'awar jama'a tare da fadada kasuwancinsa, ta hanyar kafa Grupo Silvio. Santos. A tsawon rayuwarsa, ya kuma tsunduma cikin wasu fannoni kamar kade-kade da siyasa. An haife shi a Lapa, Rio de Janeiro, tsohon babban birnin Brazil kuma tsohon hedkwatar gundumar Tarayya, Silvio shine ɗan fari ga wasu Yahudawa Sephardic da suka yi ƙaura zuwa Brazil a 1924, Alberto Abravanel da Rebeca Caro. Aiki a matsayin shaho, dillali da kuma a rediyo, Silvio debuted a talabijin a farkon 1960s a matsayin mai watsa shiri na Vamos Brincar de Forca, watsa shirye-shirye ta TV Paulista, wanda daga baya ya zama Programa Silvio Santos, a rukuni na da dama zauren da zane-zane shirye-shirye. wanda ya yi nasara sosai a Brazil. Daga baya, ya zama mai mallakar Grupo Silvio Santos, wani kamfani wanda kamfanoninsa sun haɗa da Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão (wanda aka fi sani da SBT, cibiyar sadarwar talabijin mafi girma na biyu a Brazil), Liderança Capitalização, Jequiti da TV Alphaville. An kiyasta darajarsa ta kai dala biliyan 1.3 a shekarar 2013, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama fitaccen dan Brazil daya tilo a cikin jerin masu kudi na Forbes.
## Manazarta
Peter Marshall

**Ralph Pierre LaCock** (Maris 30, 1926 - Agusta 15, 2024), wanda aka fi sani da sunansa na mataki Peter Marshall, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Amurka, mai gabatar da talabijin da halayen rediyo, mawaƙa, kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo. Shi ne ainihin mai masaukin baki na The Hollywood Squares daga 1966 zuwa 1981 kuma yana da kusan talabijan, fim, da ƙimar Broadway hamsin. An ba Marshall sunansa mai suna John Robert Powers. Powers sun zaɓi sunan ƙarshe na Marshall don 'yar'uwar Bitrus (wanda daga baya ya zaɓi ya yi amfani da Joanne Dru a maimakon haka), kuma Bitrus ya karbe shi a farkon aikinsa kuma ya haɗa shi da wani nau'i na sunansa na tsakiya.  

## Manazarta
John Lansing

**John Ten Eyck Lansing Jr.** (30 ga Janairu, 1754 - ya ɓace 12 ga Disamba, 1829), Uban Kafa na Amurka, lauya ne, masanin shari'a, kuma ɗan siyasa. An haife shi kuma ya girma a Albany, New York, Lansing ya sami horo a matsayin lauya, kuma ya dade yana shiga siyasa da gwamnati. A lokacin juyin juya halin Amurka ya kasance sakataren soji ga Janar Philip Schuyler. Lansing ya yi aiki a Majalisar Jihar New York daga 1781 zuwa 1784, a 1786, da kuma a cikin 1789; ya zama Shugaban Majalisar a 1786 da 1789; yayi aiki a matsayin memba na Congress of Confederation a 1785; kuma ya zama magajin garin Albany daga shekara ta 1786 zuwa 1790. Ya kasance wakili a Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Mulki ta Tarayya a shekara ta 1787, amma ya fice daga jikin a watan Yuli saboda ya ki amincewa da tsarin mulkin Amurka wanda ya saba wa jihohi da na daidaikun mutane. Ya kasance wakili a taron amincewa da New York a watan Yuni 1788, amma bai iya hana Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya amince da shi ba. A cikin 1790, Lansing ya kasance memba na kwamitin da ya daidaita iyakar New York-Vermont a matsayin wani ɓangare na shigar da Vermont zuwa Ƙungiyar a matsayin jiha ta goma sha huɗu a 1791. Ya kasance mai shari'a na Kotun Koli na New York daga 1790 zuwa 1798, kuma shugaba Adalci daga 1798 zuwa 1801. Ya kuma kasance Chancellor na New York daga 1801 zuwa 1814, kuma a cikin 1817 ya kasance kwamishina na musamman don warware iƙirarin New York City da gundumar New York na sauka a Vermont. Daga 1817 har zuwa mutuwarsa, ya kasance mai mulkin Jami'ar Jihar New York. Lansing ya bace a cikin Disamba 1829, bayan ya bar dakin otal dinsa na New York don aika wasiƙa. Ba a taɓa samun wata alama ba, kuma abin da ya faru da Lansing har yanzu ba a san shi ba.

## Manazarta
Wally Amos

**Wallace Amos Jr.** (Yuli 1, 1936 - Agusta 13, 2024) mutum ne na gidan talabijin na Amurka, ɗan kasuwa, kuma marubuci. Shi ne wanda ya kafa Shahararriyar Kukis ɗin Cakulan Amos, da Kuki Kahuna, da samfuran kukis ɗin Aunty Della, kuma shi ne jagoran shirin karatun manya na Koyi Karatu.
 
## Manazarta
Frank Selvy

**Franklin Delano Selvy** (Nuwamba 9, 1932 - Agusta 13, 2024) ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando ne na ƙasar Amurka (NBA) wanda ya shahara da riƙe rikodin mafi yawan maki (100) a wasan ƙwallon kwando na Koleji na Division I. An haife shi a Corbin, Kentucky, Selvy ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando ne na Duk-jihar a Makarantar Sakandare ta Corbin kuma abokin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Kwalejin Kwaleji na Fame Roy Kidd. Selvy ita ce zaɓaɓɓen lamba 1 gabaɗaya a cikin daftarin NBA na 1954 kuma ya kasance NBA All-Star sau biyu, yana wasa yanayi tara.
## Manazarta
Daniela Larreal

**Daniela Greluis Larreal Chirinos** (2 Oktoba 1973 - 11 ga Agusta 2024) ɗan tseren keke ne na Venezuela - ɗan wasan Olympics sau biyar yana ɗaukar ɗayan manyan masu wasan motsa jiki na Venezuela kuma jagorar masu tseren keke na Venezuela sama da shekaru ashirin.Ta yi takaitaccen aikin yin keken kan titi a shekarun 1990, kuma ta kafa tarihin Olympics na gwajin lokacin tseren mata a shekarar 2000. Ta shafe shekaru takwas na karshe na rayuwarta a gudun hijira. A gasar cin kofin Amurka, ta samu lambobin yabo na kasa da kasa sama da 35 a cikin aikinta; akwai shekaru 24 tsakanin ta farko da ta ƙarshe. Ta kuma shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta UCI Track Cycling, inda ta samu lambar yabo a matakai daban-daban. A cikin shekarun baya bayan nan na aikinta, Venezuela ta fada cikin mawuyacin hali, inda Larreal ke sukar cin hanci da rashawa a tsakanin kungiyoyin wasanni. A karkashin shugabancin Nicolás Maduro, Larreal ya kara yin suka kan yadda ake tafiyar da kasarta. Yunkurin da ta yi ya ga an tilasta mata yin gudun hijira a Amurka, inda ta shiga cikin 'yan adawar siyasar Venezuela.

## Manazarta