Kathleen Lynn

**Kathleen Florence Lynn** (28 Janairu 1874 - 14 Satumba 1955) 'Yar siyasa ce ta ƙasar Ireland Sinn Féin, mai fafutukar siyasa kuma likita.

Lynn ta sha wahala sosai sakamakon talauci da cututtuka a tsakanin talakawa a yammacin Ireland, har ta yanke shawarar zama likita a lokacin tana da shekaru 16. Ta yi karatu a Ingila da Jamus, kafin ta shiga Jami'ar Royal ta Ireland, wacce ta kasance jagora a Makarantar Magunguna ta UCD. Bayan kammala karatunta a shekarar 1899, Lynn ta tafi Amurka, inda ta yi aiki na tsawon shekaru goma, kafin ta koma Ireland ta zama likita mace ta farko a Asibitin Eye and Ear na Royal Victoria (1910–1916). A shekarar 1919, ta kafa Asibitin Yara na Saint Ultan .

## Rayuwa ta sirri
An haifi Kathleen Lynn a ranar 28 ga Janairu, 1874 a garin Mullafarry, kusa da Killala a County Mayo,  ga wani limamin cocin Ireland, Robert Young Lynn, da matarsa, Catherine Wynne,    kuma ita ce 'ya'yansu na biyu cikin 'ya'ya huɗu. Mahaifiyarta, Catherine, jika ce ga Owen Wynne na Hazelwood House, County Sligo. 

A shekara ta 1882, iyalin sun ƙaura zuwa Shrule a gundumar Longford inda mahaifinta ya zama limamin cocin Ballymahon. Daga baya a lokacin ƙuruciyarta, a shekara ta 1886 Lynn da iyalinta suka ƙaura zuwa Cong, wani ƙauye da ke kan iyaka da Mayo da Galway, inda Lady Ardilaun na Ashford Castle ke ɗaukar nauyin cocin mahaifinta. An tura ta zuwa Kwalejin Alexandra, wadda Lady Ardilaun ita ce mai kula da ita, a Dublin, wadda ta yi karatu har zuwa lokacin da take da shekaru 16. Tana da alaƙa da Countess Markievicz ta hanyar auren goggonta. [1] Tana girma bayan Babban Yunwa (1845 - 1852), ta yi baƙin ciki ƙwarai da cututtuka masu kisa da talauci da mutanen yankinta ke fama da su. Wannan ya haifar da sha'awarta a lokacin tana da shekaru 16, lokacin da ta bar makaranta, ta zama likita. [2]

Iyalan Lynn ba su amince da rawar da ta taka a cikin Tashin Baki ba. A gaskiya ma, a lokacin, iyalan Lynn sun yi matuƙar ƙyama da ayyukanta har ba su bar ta ta koma gida Cong, County Mayo, don Kirsimeti ba. Madadin haka, dole ne ta yi Kirsimeti a 1917 tare da goggon ta Florence a Dublin. Ta yi haka a shekara mai zuwa. Daga ƙarshe an warware wannan rabuwar kai kafin mutuwar mahaifinta a 1923. 

Lynn ta zauna a Rathmines daga 1903 zuwa mutuwarta a 1955, tana raba gidanta da abokiyar rayuwarta Madeleine frinch-Mullen . Ta kuma sami gidan hutu a Glenmalure, County Wicklow - ba da nisa da Glendalough ba inda wasu 'yan uwanta Wynne ke zaune. Ta bar gidan zuwa An Óige, ƙungiyar masaukin baƙi ta matasa ta Ireland, bayan mutuwarta. 

Lynn ta rubuta littafin tarihin rayuwarta tun daga Ista ta 1916 har zuwa 1955, ta fara da shigarta cikin shekarar 1916 da ta tashi har zuwa watanni biyu kafin mutuwarta. 

## Ilimi
A shekarar 1891, Lynn ta tafi Kwalejin Alexandra, Dublin a matsayin mai kula da kan iyaka, inda ta yi karatun digiri a shekarar 1893 daga Jami'ar Royal ta Ireland .  Daga Oktoba 1897, Lynn ta ɗauki azuzuwan a makarantar likitanci ta Jami'ar Katolika ta Ireland da ke Titin Cecilia, Dublin, da kuma Kwalejin Royal of Surgeons of Ireland . A shekarar 1898, ta lashe kyautar Barker anatomical da kwalejin ta bayar. Ta kammala karatun MB BCh BAO daga Jami'ar Royal ta Ireland a shekarar 1899. Lynn ta gudanar da horon aikinta a Asibitin Holles Street (1897–99), Asibitin Rotunda (1899), Asibitin Royal Victoria Eye and Ear (1899), da kuma a Asibitin Richmond Lunatic Asylum. A shekarar 1898, an naɗa Lynn a matsayin likita mace ta farko da ke zaune a Asibitin Adelaide na Dublin, amma rashin amincewar ma'aikata da nadin nata ya sa ba ta hau wannan matsayi ba. Ta kammala karatun digiri na biyu a Amurka a farkon shekarun 1900 kafin ta yi aiki a matsayin likita mai aiki a asibitoci a birnin Dublin a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikinta na gabaɗaya wanda ke zaune a gidanta da ke 9 Belgrave Road, Rathmines, Dublin . Lynn ta zama ma'aikaciyar Kwalejin Likitoci ta Royal a Ireland a 1909, kuma an ɗaukaka ta zuwa mataimakiyar likita a Asibitin Eye and Ear a wannan shekarar. 

## Harkokin siyasa

Lynn ta kasance memba a kwamitin zartarwa na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Irish da Ƙungiyar Ƙananan Hukumomi (IWSLGA) daga 1903, kuma ta ci gaba da zama a kan mukamai har zuwa 1916.  Lynn ta kasance memba na Ƙungiyar Jama'a da Siyasa ta Mata ta Burtaniya (WSPU) daga 1908 kuma an ce tana da kyakkyawar alaƙa da mai ra'ayin mazan jiya Sylvia Pankhurst.  Ta kasance cikin taron jama'a a 1912, tana buƙatar a haɗa mata 'yan takara a cikin Dokar Dokokin Gida ta Uku ta wannan shekarar. 

Lynn ta tallafa wa ma'aikatan a lokacin kulle-kullen 1913 kuma ta yi aiki tare da Constance Markievicz da wasu a cikin ɗakin girki a Liberty Hall, ta zama kusa da Markievicz da James Connolly.  A shekarar 1913, bisa buƙatar Markievicz, ta yi wa Helena Molony magani. Molony, wacce ke da hannu a wasu ƙungiyoyin siyasa, ta zauna tare da Lynn a gidanta na Rathmines bayan wata rashin lafiya. Sakamakon tasirin Molony da Markievicz, Lynn ta zama mai shiga tsakani a cikin ƙungiyoyin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya, ma'aikata da kuma na ƙasa. "Mun kasance muna yin dogayen tattaunawa kuma ta mayar da ni cikin Ƙungiyar Ƙasa," in ji Lynn.  Ta shiga Rundunar Sojojin Citizen ta Irish kuma ta kasance babbar jami'ar lafiya a lokacin tashin Ista na 1916. Ta bayyana kanta a matsayin "likita mai ba da agajin gaggawa kuma mai faɗa" lokacin da aka kama ta. 

Saboda rawar da ta taka a Rising, an daure Lynn na tsawon mako guda a Ship Street Barracks, kafin a mayar da ita zuwa Richmond Barracks sannan kuma zuwa Kilmainham Gaol,  inda aka tsare ta tare da abokan aikinta Markievicz, Molony da Madeleine ffrench-Mullen . Lynn ta ci gaba da kasancewa mai himma a cikin ƙungiyar Nationalist; an zaɓe ta mataimakiyar shugabar zartarwar Sinn Féin a 1917  kuma a 1923, an zaɓi Lynn zuwa Dáil Éireann a matsayin mai adawa da Yarjejeniyar Sinn Féin Teachta Dála (TD) ga mazabar Dublin County a babban zaɓen 1923.  Dangane da manufar rashin amincewa da Sinn Féin na lokacin, ba ta hau kujerarta a Dáil Éireann ba. Ta rasa kujerarta a babban zaɓen Yunin 1927.  Ta yi rashin nasara a zaɓen maye gurbin Dublin County na watan Agusta na 1927 . Lynn ta yi iƙirarin cewa, shekaru da yawa bayan tashin 1916, zaɓen 'yan majalisa ne ya mayar da ita jam'iyyar Republican, tana mai cewa: "Na ga cewa mutane suna da ra'ayin da bai dace ba game da zaɓen 'yan majalisa kuma hakan ya sa na yi nazarin tambayar 'yan Ireland."  An ba ta wani abin ado mai siffar ƙashi na zinariya mai siffar fibula a matsayin alamar godiya daga Rundunar 'Yan Citizen ta Irish saboda taimakonta a shirye-shiryen likita na tashin . 

A lokacin Yaƙin 'Yancin Kan Ireland, Lynn ta taimaka wa Michael Collins wajen guje wa kamawa daga hannun Turawan Birtaniya. 

Daga ƙarshe Lynn ta bar siyasa a shekarar 1927, tana ƙara jin haushin kin amincewa da Sinn Féin na rungumar gyare-gyaren zamantakewa da kula da lafiya. 

## Manazarta