Faqqua

**Faqqu'a** ( Arabic   ) ƙauye ne da ke arewacin Kogin Yamma, wanda aka sani da 'ya'yan itacen cactus, wanda ke kan layin Green a kan tudun Gilboa . A cewar Cibiyar Ƙididdiga ta Tsakiyar Falasdinu, garin yana da yawan mazaunan 3,490 a tsakiyar shekara ta 2006 da 4,410 a cikin shekarar 2017,   Musulmai ne kaɗai. Kauyen na gundumar Jenin ne .

## Tarihi
Ba a ambaci Faqqu'a a cikin tarihin ƙarni na 16 ba, to amma mai yiwuwa ƙauye ne na ɗanɗano. Wasu mazaunanta sun fito daga Urushalima wasu kuma a Hebron . 

Ba a san tarihin ƙauyen ba, kodayake akwai bincike da yawa da ke nuna kasancewar Roman ko Rumawa . An gano tsabar kuɗin Romawa a yankin kuma akwai wurare da dama da ake kyautata zaton wuraren binne ne da kuma ragowar tsoffin man zaitun. Yana yiwuwa a sami gutsuttsuran tukwane na daɗaɗɗen tukwane lokacin da kawai ke yawo a kusa da gonakin zaitun. Akwai imani gama gari a cikin tatsuniyar gida cewa mazaunin Romawa ya taɓa bunƙasa kusa da ƙauyen na yanzu. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

=== Zamanin Ottoman ===
A cikin shekarar 1838, an lura Fuku'a a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ƙauyuka da ke kewaye da tsayi, sauran ƙauyukan ana kiran su [[Deir Abu Da'if]], Beit Kad, Deir Ghuzal da Araneh .  Yana cikin gundumar Jenin. 

A cikin 1870 Victor Guérin ya ziyarci ƙauyen kuma ya lura cewa ƙauyen ya ba da suna ga tsaunuka. Ya kuma kara da cewa ƙauyen na da mazauna kusan 400, tare da gidajen duwatsu. Akwai tsofaffin rijiyoyi da dama da aka sare cikin dutsen, wasu kuma lambuna masu iyaka da kaktuwa. 

A shekara ta 1870/1871 ( 1288H ), wani kidayar Ottoman ta jera ƙauyen da ke cikin ''nahiya'' (ƙarshen gundumar) na Shafa al-Qibly. 

A cikin shekarar 1882, Binciken PEF ''na Yammacin Falasdinu'' ya kwatanta ''Fukua'' a matsayin "Babban ƙauye a saman wani ƙauye. Yana ba da sunansa ga kewayon Gilboa, wanda ake kira ''Jebel Fukua'' sau da yawa. An kewaye shi da lambun zaitun, kuma yana ba da ta hanyar rijiyoyin gabas da yammacin ƙauyen." 

=== Lokacin wajabcin Biritaniya ===
A cikin ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 1922 na Falasdinu, wanda hukumomin [[Burtaniya]] suka gudanar, ''Faqu'a'' tana da yawan jama'a 553; dukkan musulmi,  ya ƙaru a ƙidayar 1931 zuwa 663; har yanzu dukkan musulmi, a cikin gidaje 153. 

A cikin ƙididdigar shekara ta 1945, ''Faqqu'a'' yana da yawan musulmai 880,  kuma ikon ƙauyen ya kasance dunams 30,179 na fili, bisa ga wani binciken filaye da yawan jama'a.  Daga cikin wannan, an yi amfani da dunams 1,131 don noma da filayen ban ruwa, dunams 8,440 don hatsi,  yayin da dunams 22 aka gina (na birni). 

=== Zamanin Jordan ===
A sakamakon [[Yaƙin Larabawa-Isra'ila 1948|yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila a 1948]], da kuma bayan yarjejeniyar shekara ta 1949 na makamai, Faqqua ta shiga ƙarƙashin mulkin [[Jodan|Jordan]] .

Ƙididdiga ta ƙasar Jordan a shekarar 1961 ta sami mutane 1,099 a ''Faqqu'a'' . 

=== Bayan-1967 ===
Tun yakin kwanaki shida a 1967, Faqqua tana ƙarƙashin mamayar Isra'ila .

== Geography ==
Kauyen yana cikin mafi yankin arewa maso gabas na gabar yammacin kogin Jordan, 11&nbsp;km gabas da birnin Jenin, kusa da Layin Koren. Faqqu'a yana ƙarƙashin ƙwanƙolin tsaunin Gilboa, wanda mazauna yankin ke kiran sunan Jebel Faqqu'a, yana kallon kwarin Jezreel mai albarka (Marj Ibn Amer a Larabci), birnin Jenin da sauran ƙauyukan Falasɗinawa.

Babban yanki na kewayon, wanda ke gefen [[Isra'ila]], yanzu ya zama yanki da mutane ke zuwa yawon shakatawa ko don jin daɗin furannin daji a lokacin bazara. Yanayin kyan gani daga sama yana da ban mamaki; Dutsen Gilboa ya kai tsayin mita 508 bisa matakin teku, yana kallon kwarin Jezreel a yamma da garin Bet-she'an na Isra'ila da kwarin Kogin Urdun a gabas. Kauye sun mallaki dunams 36,000 (36&nbsp;km <sup>2</sup> ) na ƙasa kafin [[Yaƙin Larabawa-Isra'ila 1948|yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila a 1948]] a yau Isra'ila. 

Ƙauyen da kansa yana kan tudu mai nisan mita 450 sama da matakin teku. Wurin da ke kusa da Faqqu'a yana da duwatsu, amma akwai filaye, wanda ya sa ya dace da itatuwa da dama, kamar itatuwan almond da [[zaitun]] da suka mamaye wurin. Haka kuma akwai faci na ƙananan filayen da suka warwatse a yankin da aka yi amfani da su wajen noman amfanin gona daban-daban kamar alkama, da dawa a lokacin sanyi, da kayan lambu a lokacin bazara. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

## Tsarin zamantakewa
Mazauna kauyen 3,490 Musulmi ne kaɗai, sabanin wasu ƙauyukan da ke makwabtaka da su wadanda ke da gaurayawan al’ummar Musulmi da Kirista . Tsarin zamantakewa a ƙauyen ya ɗan bambanta da na al'ummar yamma. An gina ƙauyen gargajiya na Falasdinawa ta hanyar abin da ake kira tsarin dangi na *hamula* (ƙabi), inda aka tsara dangantakar zamantakewa da jinsi ta hanyar tsarin samarwa da sake samarwa.  Ko da mahimmancin *hamula* ya ragu sosai, tsarin dangi har yanzu yana nan. Ana iya raba kowane *hamula* zuwa manyan iyalai, a cikin larabci *ayle* . A cikin kowace *ayle* akwai iyalai da yawa na nukiliya. Mafi mahimmancin rukuni a yau shine, duk da haka, *ayle* . Akwai aƙalla iyalai 15 ( *ayle* ) a Faqqu'a a yau. Manyan iyalai goma su ne; Abu-Salameh, Al-Khateeb, A-Massad, Abu-Farha, Zeidat, Jaludi, Sharafi, Abu-Nassar, Abu-Assaf da Abu-Hussein. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup> .

== Tattalin Arziƙi ==
A baya dai noma ya kasance tushen samun kudin shiga, amma zamani ya sa akasarin iyalai ke rayuwa ta hanyar samun abin dogaro da kai daga wasu sassa yayin da suke noma a rana da kuma ƙarshen mako. Wasu mutane na aikin gine-gine, yayin da wasu kuma ke da sana’o’i a Jenin da ke da tazarar kilomita 11 daga Faqqu’a. Malamai, duk da haka, sun fi samun aiki a garuruwan da ke makwabtaka da su kamar Nablus ko [[Ramallah]] inda rayuwar siyasa da tattalin arziki ta kasance a tsakiya. Tafiya tsakanin yankunan ya zama wani yunƙuri saboda yawancin shingayen binciken sojojin tsaron Isra'ila . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

### Ruwa
 
Yanayin ruwan a Faqqu'a ya yi kama da irin matsalolin da ake gani a wasu sassa a Yammacin Gabar Kogin Jordan. Lamarin ya kara ta'azzara tun bayan fara shirin Intifada na Al-Aqsa, tun da tsadar ruwa da kuma tabarbarewar tattalin arziki suka kara ta'azzara karancin ruwan. Madogarar ruwan Faqqua daya tilo ita ce rijiyar Abu 'Ahed da ke kauyen Deir Ghazaleh mai tazarar kilomita 5. Ana jigilar ruwa ta tankunan ruwa saboda rashin hanyar sadarwar ruwa.

### Shamaki na West Bank
Shingayen gabar yammacin kogin Jordan na Isra'ila a yankin Faqqu'a, wani tsarin shinge ne wanda ke tafiya a kusa da layin koren, wanda kauyen ya rutsa da shi.  Ginin shingen, wanda aka sanar da ƙauyen a cikin 2003 kuma an kammala shi shekaru biyu bayan haka, ya haifar da kwace 245 dunum (0.245)&nbsp;km²) wanda aka tsiro itatuwan zaitun 350 da kuma bishiyar alkama da carob. 

## Kayan aiki

Ƙauyen ya ƙunshi gine-gine masu zaman kansu ɗari da yawa, akasarinsu hawa biyu, waɗanda ke tsaye a saman wani tsauni. Titin da aka shimfida, daga gindin dutsen, ya karkata gefen tsaunin zuwa wata mahadar inda mazauna suka tsaya kan layi don isa birnin ta tasi. Babu hanyar sadarwar sufurin jama'a, don haka mazaunan sun dogara da motocin tasi da ke tsakanin ƙauyen da Jenin . Tafiyar tana ɗaukar kusan mintuna 10, amma tana iya ɗaukar kusan mintuna 50 lokacin da wuraren binciken ababan hawa da shingaye suka tilasta ɓata hanya, ko da yake wannan yanayin ya zama ƙasa da ƙasa sakamakon wargajewar a shekarar 2005 na Ganim da Kadim a cikin shirin rabuwar kai na Isra'ila . &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

Mahadar a Faqqu'a ta zama cibiyar kasuwanci ta kauyen. Akwai [[Masallaci|masallatai]] hudu a ƙauyen, kuma ana gina wani ɗaya. Layukan waya ba safai ba ne a ƙauyen, amma yawancin mutane a yau sun mallaki wayoyin hannu ɗaya ko biyu (layin Isra'ila da Falasɗinawa). Akwai makarantu guda biyu daya na maza daya na mata. Makarantar 'yan mata ta kai matakin babbar sakandare. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

## Manazarta

## Littafi Mai Tsarki
 

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Barka da zuwa Faqqu'a
* Faqqua, Barka da zuwa Palestine
* Binciken Falasdinawa ta Yamma, Taswira 9: IAA, Wikimedia Commons
* Tasirin Katangar Ware Kan Al'ummar Falasdinu Kauyen Faqqua da bango ya shake, POICA
* Ƙauyen Faqqua - gundumar Jenin, POICA
* https://web.archive.org/web/20080928215932/http://www.faqoa.ps/
* http://fakoa.yoo7.com/