Bangaskiya Bandler

**Faith Bandler** AC MBE (A ranar 27 ga watan Satumba shekarar 1918  13 Fabrairu, shekara ta 2015; née **Ida Lessing Faith Mussing** ) yar fafutukar kare hakkin jama'a ta Australiya ce ta tsibirin Kudancin Tekun Kudu da Scotland - al'adun Indiya . Mai fafutukar neman haƙƙin ƴan asalin Australiya da ƴan tsibirin Kudancin Tekun, an fi saninta da jagorancinta a yaƙin neman zaɓen raba gardama na 1967 akan 'yan Australiya na Aboriginal .

An sanya ta memba na odar Ostiraliya a cikin 1984, kuma abokiyar Yarjejeniyar Ostiraliya a 2009, bayan ta ki amincewa da alƙawari don zama memba na Order of the British Empire a 1976.

An ba ta lambar yabo ta digiri na girmamawa daga Jami'ar Maquarie a 1994, lambar yabo ta 'yancin ɗan adam daga Hukumar Haƙƙin Dan Adam da Daidaita Dama, kuma an nada ta ɗayan 100 na farko na Taskokin Rayuwa ta Australiya ta National Trust of Australia.

Bayan rasuwarta a shekarar 2015, Firayim Minista na Australia, Tony Abbott, ya yi wa danginta jana'izar jana'izar.

## Rayuwar farko da iyali
An haifi Bandler a Tumbulgum, New South Wales, kuma ya girma a wata gona kusa da Murwillumbah . Mahaifinta Wacvie Mussingkon, dan Baddick da Lessing Mussingkon, an kore shi daga Biap, a tsibirin Ambrym, a cikin abin da ake kira Vanuatu a yanzu yana yaro, mai kimanin shekara 13, a shekarar 1883. Daga nan aka aika shi zuwa Mackay, Queensland, kafin a tura shi aiki a kan shukar rake . Daga baya ya tsere ya auri mahaifiyar Bandler, ’yar Scotland – ‘yar Indiya daga New South Wales .

Sace Mussingkon wani bangare ne na blackbirding, al'adar da ta kawo arha aiki don taimakawa wajen kafa masana'antar sukari ta Australiya . Daga baya an san shi da Peter Mussing, mai wa'azi na kwance kuma ya yi aiki a gonar ayaba a wajen Murwillumbah. Ya mutu lokacin da Bandler yana da shekaru biyar.  Bandler ta ba da labarin irin mugunyar gogewar mahaifinta a matsayin mai aikin bawa a matsayin wani ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwaƙƙwaran himma.

A cikin 1934, Bandler ta bar makaranta kuma ta koma Sydney, inda ta yi aiki a matsayin koyan tufa . 

### Farkon aiki
A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Bandler da 'yar uwarta Kath sun yi aiki a Rundunar Sojojin Ƙasar Mata ta Australiya, suna aiki a gonakin 'ya'yan itace. Bandler da ma'aikatan ƴan asalin ƙasar sun sami ƙarancin albashi fiye da ma'aikatan farar fata. Bayan an sallame ta a shekara ta 1945, ta fara yakin neman daidaiton albashi ga ma'aikata 'yan asalin kasar. Bayan yakin, Bandler ya koma yankin Sydney na Kings Cross, New South Wales inda ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai fafutuka. 

A cikin 1956, Bandler ya zama mai fafutuka na cikakken lokaci, haɗin gwiwa da kuma zama mai aiki a cikin ƙungiyar yancin ɗan asalin ƙasar ta Sydney na Aboriginal-Australian Fellowship tare da Pearl Gibbs, Bert Groves,  da Grace Bardsley . 

Bandler kuma ya shiga cikin Majalisar Tarayya don Ci gaban Aboriginal (FCAA, daga baya FCAATSI), wanda aka kafa a 1957. A wannan lokacin, Bandler ta yi aiki tare da masu ba ta shawara Pearl Gibbs da Jessie Street . A matsayin babban sakatare na FCAA, Bandler ya jagoranci yakin neman zaben raba gardama na tsarin mulki don kawar da tanade-tanaden wariya daga Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Ostiraliya . Yaƙin neman zaɓe, wanda ya haɗa da manyan koke-koke da ɗaruruwan tarurrukan jama'a da Bandler ya shirya, ya haifar da ƙuri'ar raba gardama na 1967 da gwamnatin Holt ta gabatar wa mutane. Kuri'ar raba gardama ta yi nasara a dukkan jihohi shida, inda ta jawo goyon bayan kusan kashi 91 cikin 100 a duk fadin kasar,  wanda ya bai wa Gwamnatin Tarayya ikon yin dokoki ga 'yan asalin Ostireliya a cikin jihohi, tare da hada su cikin kirga yawan jama'a ( kidayar Ostireliya ). 

A cikin 1975, Bandler ya ziyarci tsibirin Ambrym, inda aka yi garkuwa da mahaifinta shekaru 92 da suka wuce.  A cikin shekarun 1970s, Bandler ta kasance fitacciyar memba a Wurin Zaɓen Mata a New South Wales. 

### Rubutu

A cikin 1974, Bandler ta fara aiki akan littattafai huɗu, tarihin biyu na ƙuri'ar raba gardama na shekarar 1967, labarin rayuwar ɗan'uwanta a New South Wales, da wani labari game da kwarewar mahaifinta na blackbirding a Queensland. Tun daga shekarar 1974, ta kuma fara yakin neman 'yancin Australiya na tsibirin Kudancin teku. A cewar marubucin tarihin rayuwar Bandler, marubucin mata kuma masanin tarihi Marilyn Lake, wannan yakin ya kasance mafi kalubale fiye da yakin FCAATSI don kuri'ar raba gardama na 1967, tun lokacin da Bandler ke fada a kan bangarori biyu. Ba wai kawai ta yi yaƙi da masana tarihi waɗanda suka nace cewa ƴan tsibirin Bahar Kudu ba, sun kasance bayin sa-kai na son rai, amma har ila yau, ƴan asalin Ostireliya ƴan asalin ƙasar Australiya sun yi watsi da ita a cikin ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin farar hula ta Australiya, saboda karuwar tasirin akidar ' yan aware ta Black Power . 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
A cikin 1952, Faith ta auri Hans Bandler, Bahudu ɗan gudun hijira daga Vienna, Austria, kuma ya zauna a cikin dajin Faransanci . A lokacin yaƙin, an saka Hans a sansanin ƙwadago na Nazi .

Ma'auratan suna da ɗiya, Lilon Gretl, an haife su a 1954, da ɗan Aboriginal na Australiya, Peter (Manual Armstrong). Duk da haka, sun daina hulɗa da Bitrus sa’ad da ya tafi ya nemi iyalinsa.

Hans ya mutu a shekara ta 2009. Faith Bandler ya mutu yana da shekaru 96 a cikin Fabrairu 2015. 

## Girmamawa da kyaututtuka
Bandler ya kasance:

* ta nada Memba na Order of the British Empire (MBE) a cikin 1976,  amma ta ƙi yarda da shi 
* nada Memba na Order of Ostiraliya (AM) a kan 11 Yuni 1984, don amincewa da hidimarta ga jin dadin Aboriginal 
* An ba da digiri na girmamawa daga Jami'ar Macquarie a 1994 
* Hukumar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam ta wancan lokacin ta ba da lambar yabo ta 'yancin ɗan adam ta 1997
* mai suna a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin 100 na farko na Taskar Rayuwa ta Australiya ta National Trust of Ostiraliya
* an saka hannun jari a matsayin Abokin Odar Ostiraliya (AC) akan 26 Janairu 2009 ( Ranar Ostiraliya )  
* an haɗa shi a cikin Roll na Girmama Mata na Victoria a cikin 2001

Hoton 1993 na Bandler ta mai zane Margaret Woodward yana riƙe da ɗakin karatu na Jiha na New South Wales . 

Bayan mutuwarta, Firayim Minista Tony Abbott ya yi wa dangin Bandler jana'izar jana'izar . 

## Ayyukan da aka zaɓa
Ayyukan Bandler da aka buga sun haɗa da:

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## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

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* Bandler, Faith at The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia