open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
James Frederick Staples

**James Frederick Staples** (2 ga Yuni 1929) 27 ga Afrilu 2016), wanda aka fi sani da **Jim Staples**, ko kuma **Justice Staples** a fannin shari'a, jami'in shari'a ne na Australiya. Ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban Hukumar Sulhu da Sasantawa ta Australiya daga 1975 har zuwa rusawarta a 1989.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Staples a Sydney, New South Wales (NSW) a ranar 2 ga Yuni 1929, a gefen Babban Tashin Hankali .  Mahaifinsa, tsohon soja a Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, ya mutu a shekara ta 1933, ya tilasta wa mahaifiyarsa yin aikin masana'anta don samun abin rayuwa, kuma ya sa Staples ya shafe wani ɓangare na yarintarsa yana zaune tare da danginsa na nesa da mahaifiyarsa da ƙannensa biyu.

## Ilimi
Staples ya kammala karatunsa na sakandare a Makarantar Sakandare ta Maza ta Canterbury. A matsayin ɗalibi mai himma, ya sami matsayi na farko a fannin Latin a duk faɗin jihar a cikin Takardar Shaidar Fita.Wannan ya ba shi matsayi a Jami'ar Sydney, inda ya kammala karatunsa na farko a fannin Fasaha a 1950 da kuma digiri na farko a fannin Shari'a a 1953.  

### Shigar Jam'iyyar Kwaminis
A lokacin da yake Jami'ar Sydney, matasa kuma masu ra'ayin mazan jiya Staples sun zama memba na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Australiya. A shekarar 1951, ya shaida Kotun Koli ta Ostiraliya ta soke yunkurin gwamnatin Menzies na haramta jam'iyyar a *Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Australiya da Commonwealth*, wani mataki da ya sanya masa ikon bangaren shari'a na kare 'yancin jama'a.

Duk da haka, shigar Staples cikin jam'iyyar bai daɗe ba. Staples, wanda yake karanta bugu na duniya na New York Times akai-akai, yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan gurguzu na farko na Australiya da suka karanta rubutun jawabin sirri na Nikita Khrushchev wanda ya yi Allah wadai da Stalin lokacin da jaridar Times ta buga kwafinsa da aka ɓoye a watan Yunin 1956. Lokacin da shugabannin Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Australiya suka ƙi amincewa da gaskiyar jawabin, Staples ya shirya a sake buga kwafi 500 na jawabin a kan wani Gestetner mallakar NSW Deckhand's Union, tare da murfin da mai zane na gida Rod Shaw ya tsara. Don wannan matakin, an kori Staples daga jam'iyyar ba da daɗewa ba.

## Sana'a

### Farkon aikina
Wani abokin hulɗar kasuwanci na farko na Staples shine Gordon Barton, wanda, duk da bambancin ra'ayoyinsu na siyasa, ya zama abokai yayin da yake karatu tare a Jami'ar Sydney.[1] Ba su sami damar samun aikin lauya a lokacin ba, sun sayi babbar mota tare suka fara kasuwancin sufuri.[2] Yayin da Barton daga baya ya haɓaka wannan kasuwancin zuwa Ipec na ƙasashen duniya, Staples ya bar shi da wuri don ci gaba da aikinsa na lauya.[3]

### Lauya
An shigar da Staples a matsayin Lauya a New South Wales a ranar 29 ga Yuli 1960,  kuma ya kafa nasa aikin lauya. Daga baya a shekarun 1960 ya zama memba na kafa Majalisar 'Yancin Jama'a ta NSW (CCL), wanda ya haɗa da fitattun mambobi na ƙwararrun lauyoyi na NSW kamar Maurice Byers da Neville Wran. Staples ya ɗauki takardun gayyata da yawa da CCL ta ba shi, da yawa daga cikinsu , suna fafutukar neman 'yanci a fannoni na kare hakkin dan adam.

## Manazarta
Frank Johnson (babban gari)

**Frank Johnson** (27 ga Afrilu 1855 - 25 ga Afrilu 1921) ya kasance magajin garin Adelaide, Kudancin Ostiraliya daga 1907 zuwa 1909.

An haife shi a Titin Hindley, Adelaide, ɗan Thomas Johnson, a wani lokaci memba na West Adelaide da East Adelaide a Majalisar Dokokin Kudancin Ostiraliya. Ya yi karatu a Cibiyar Ilimi ta Adelaide ta JL Young, ya shiga kasuwancin yin takalman mahaifinsa a Titin King William, sannan ya zama fitaccen mai yin gwanjo.[1]

Ya yi aiki a matsayin wakilin gundumar Gawler ta Majalisar Birnin Adelaide daga 1891 zuwa 1895, wani mukami da mahaifinsa ma ya taɓa riƙewa. 

Ɗan'uwansa Thomas Johnson jr. (ya mutu a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba 1904) fitaccen ɗan kasuwa ne a Broken Hill. 

Ɗan'uwansa Frederick Johnson shi ne magajin garin Charters Towers, Queensland. 

Bai taɓa yin aure ba kuma 'yar uwarsa Mrs. NA Mayfield ta yi aiki a matsayin Lady Mayoress a lokacin da yake riƙe da muƙamin Lord Mayor.

Ya maye gurbin William Ashley Magarey a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kudancin Australia. 

Ya kasance fitaccen mai jawabi a bainar jama'a kuma Freemason kuma shine shugaban Hukumar Kula da Hakora ta Kudancin Australia.[1]

## Manazarta
Personal" The Advertiser Monday 2 December 1907 p.6 accessed 14 February 2011
Newburgh Mai Launi Gidan binnewa

Newburgh Colored Burial Ground wani kabari ne na tarihi da kuma Gundumar tarihi ta kasa da ke Newburgh a Orange County, New York .

Gundumar ta kunshi wani wurin binciken archaeological don wani wurin binnewa na karni na 19 wanda ke dauke da kusan kaburbura 100 da ke yamma da arewa maso yammacin Newburgh City Courthouse, mai yiwuwa ya kai a ƙarƙashin Robinson Avenue. Kabarin ya kasance mai aiki tsakanin kimanin 1832 da 1867. [1]￼

A cikin 1908, an gina ginin makaranta a saman makabartar, a bayyane yake ba tare da cire kaburbura ko ragowar waɗanda aka binne a can ba. A shekara ta 2008, gyare-gyare a Makarantar Broadway sun gano ragowar mutane 105. An bar ragowar guda shida a shafin, yayin da sauran 99 aka tsare su a Jami'ar Jihar New York a New Paltz. Ginin Makarantar Broadway yanzu shine Kotun Birnin Newburg. 

An jera shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places a cikin 2010. 

A cikin 2022, Majalisar Birnin Newburgh ta amince da haɓaka wurin shakatawa na tunawa a Downing Park . 

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Wasanni a Wasannin Francophonie na 2013

A 2013 Jeux de la Francophonie, an gudanar da **[[Wasannin Motsa Jiki|wasanni]]** motsa jiki a Stade Charles-Ehrmann daga Satumba 10 zuwa Satumba 14 .  Kasar da ta karbi bakuncin, Faransa, ta hau kan teburin lambar yabo a gaban Poland da Kanada. An inganta jimlar rikodin wasanni 8 a lokacin gasar.

## Bayani game da lambar yabo

### Maza
 

### Mata
 

## Mana
Phyllogomphus selysi

***Phyllogomphus selysi*** wani nau'in dragonfly ne a cikin dangin Gomphidae . Ana samunsa a Angola, Botswana, Kamaru, Jamhuriyar Kongo, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Afirka ta Kudu, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, kuma mai yiwuwa Burundi. Gidansa na halitta koguna ne.

## Manazarta
Kabari na Union Baptist

Kabari na Union Baptist wanda ke a 4933 Cleves Warsaw Pike, a cikin unguwar Cincinnati" id="mwKg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Price Hill, Cincinnati">Price Hill, Gundumar tarihi ce da aka yi rajista a Cincinnati, Ohio, wanda aka jera a cikin National Register of Historic Places a ranar 20 ga Satumba, 2002. Ya ƙunshi gini guda ɗaya mai ba da gudummawa. Kabarin shine mafi tsufa a cikin kabari na Baptist na Afirka da Amurka a Cincinnati.￼￼

## Tarihi
Ikilisiyar Union Baptist ce ta kafa makabartar a 1864 ta mambobin Ikilisiyar Baptist .  Kusan wasu tsoffin soji 150 na USCT an binne su a Kabari na Union Baptist . http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=pis&GScid=1980814&GRid=8562387&PIgrid=8562387&PIcrid=1980814&PIpi=5210605&

## Abubuwan da aka sani da binnewa

* Newt Allen, dan wasan Kwallon kwando na Negro league 
* Powhatan Beaty (1837-1916), tsohon sojan Yaƙin basasar Amurka na 5th United States Colored Infantry Regiment; mai karɓar lambar yabo ta girmamawa 
* Mary Beck Bell, bishop, wanda ya kafa Ikilisiyar Ruhun 
* Tiny Bradshaw (1907-1958), mawaƙi 
* Edith Hern Fossett (1787-1854), mai dafa abinci na Thomas Jefferson a Fadar White House, kuma shugaban mai dafa abinci a Monticello 
* George W. Hayes (1847-1933), dan majalisa na jihar Ohio 
* David Leroy Nickens
* Ta'aziyya Clark-Stewart
* Jennie Porter, wanda ya kafa Makarantar Harriet Beecher Stowe
* Wallace "Bud" Smith, ɗan dambe 

## Haɗin waje

* Union Baptist CemeteryaNeman Kabari
Kabari na Hillsboro

Kabarin Hillsboro wani kabari ne da ke Hillsboro, Ohio . Da farko an san makabartar da sunan Greenwood Cemetery . A ranar 30 ga Mayu, 1862, kungiyar Hillsborough (tsohuwar rubutun) Cemetery Association of the Town of Hillsborough ta sayi kadada 31, kwata 1 da sanduna 25 (hectare 12.7) na ƙasa daga Allen da Rachel Trimble.

A ranar 21 ga watan Agusta, 1883, Lafayette Lodge ya mayar da ƙasar da kuma wani karin kadada wanda Charles Wilson ya ba da shi ga gidan don hanya a ranar 13 ga watan Disamba, 1878.￼

Ya zuwa 2023, Highland County Historical Society ne ke kula da makabartar.

## Manazarta q

* Dan wasan Baseball Kirby White (1844-1943) 
* Joseph J. McDowell (1800-1877) 
* Jacob J. Pugsley (1838-1920) 
* John Armstrong Smith (1814-1892) 
* Allen Trimble (1783-1870) 
* Wilbur M. White (1890-1973)
Kabari na Jackson na Afirka

Kabarin Jackson na Afirka wani kabari ne na tarihi a yammacin jihar Ohio ta Amurka. An kafa shi da mulkin mallaka na fiye da mutane 300 da aka 'yantar daga Virginia, waɗanda aka'antar da su a cikin nufin John Randolph na Roanoke, ya kasance wurin hutawa ga mutane da yawa. Yana aiki a cikin karni na 20, yana ɗaya daga cikin ragowar jiki na ƙarshe na Rossville, ƙauyen baƙar fata da aka kafa kusa da birnin Piqua a ƙarshen shekarun 1840. An jera makabarta a cikin National Register of Historic Places saboda alaƙar da take da ita ga tarihin 'yanci masu launin fata a cikin yakin basasa na Ohio.

## Tarihi
Da farko a cikin shekarun 1820, mai shuka Virginia John Randolph na Roanoke, dan majalisa na Amurka, ya rubuta jerin wasiƙu inda ya shirya don sakin bayi sama da 600, tare da samar da kuɗi don sake dawo da 'yanci zuwa jihar Ohio kyauta da siyan ƙasa a gare su. Ya saba wa kansa a cikin takardu daban-daban kuma ya kasa bayar da kyakkyawar jagora game da abin da za a bi. Bayan mutuwarsa a 1833, an shigar da karar da sauri don kalubalantar tabbatar da dukiyarsa, kuma shekaru goma sha biyu sun wuce kafin a gama shari'ar kuma an warware makomar bayinsa 600. Kamar yadda kotuna suka yanke shawarar, nufinsa ya samar da 'yancin bayinsa da sufuri zuwa jihar mai 'yanci, kuma an zaɓi yammacin Ohio a matsayin makomarsu. : 1002 

An yi amfani da kuɗi daga dukiyar Randolph don sayen kadada 2,000 (810  a cikin Mercer County, amma yankin ya kasance gida ga 'yanci na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Sun bar saboda ƙiyayya da nuna bambanci daga fararen da ke zaune a yankin. Wasu 'yanci 383 sun yi ƙaura zuwa kudu zuwa yankunan Miami da Shelby. Sun haɓaka Randolph Slave Settlement, wanda ke arewacin Piqua a Rossville, a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ƙauyuka masu yawa na ƙauyuka a cikin ƙauyen kafin Yaƙin basasa na Ohio. : An kafa Ikklisiyoyi a Rossville tun farkon 1815, amma sabbin mazauna sun kafa nasu coci a 1864, ikilisiyar Baptist. A cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, sun kafa nasu makabartar (1866) da makaranta (1872).  Ya bambanta da makabartar Baptist, wacce aka watsar da ita kuma an watsar da ta gaba ɗaya a shekara ta 1880,  makabartar Jackson ta Afirka ta kasance mai aiki sosai har zuwa ƙarni na ashirin. 

A farkon shekarun 1980s, kadan ya rage daga ƙauyen baƙar fata a Rossville; [1]::1002 Piqua ya shagaltar da shi. Gidan York Rial da ke kusa da shi an rubuta shi a matsayin gidan wani fitaccen memba na wannan baƙar fata.[1] ::1016 Kabari shine babban abin da ya rage na al'umma. Saboda wannan dalili, an jera shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places a 1982, [1]::1002 kuma an kara gidan York Rial a 1986.￼

## Manazarta
Kabari na Union (Greensboro, North Carolina)

Kabari na Union, wanda aka fi sani da Kabari na Kudancin Elm Street, wani kabari ne na tarihi wanda ke Greensboro, Guilford County, North Carolina . An kafa makabarta 'yan Afirka na Afirka a 1882. Union ta riƙe alamun kabari 97 tare da kwanakin mutuwa daga 1882 zuwa 1940. Yawancin alamun sun kasance tsakanin 1901 da 1917, lokacin da birnin Greensboro ya rufe makabartar.[1]￼

An jera shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places a 1993. 

## Manazarta
Kabari na Oakdale (Hendersonville, North Carolina)

Fayil:Oakdale_Cemetery_Pavillion_-_Hendersonville,_NC.jpg|Pavillion, 2017
Fayil:Oakdale_Cemetery_-_Hendersonville,_NC_II.jpg|Statue that served as the inspiration of Look Homeward, Angel, 2017
Fayil:Oakdale_Cemetery_-_Hendersonville,_NC_III.jpg|2017


Kabarin Oakdale wani kabari ne na tarihi da kuma Gundumar tarihi ta kasa da ke Hendersonville, Henderson County, North Carolina . An kafa shi a 1885, kuma yana da kusan jana'iza 5,400. Dukiyar ta haɗa da asalin ɓangaren fari na 1885 da ɓangaren Afirka ta Amirka na 1885, tare da ƙarin abubuwa da yawa da aka yi a cikin shekarun 1950. Ya haɗa da wani sashi na majami'ar Agudas Isra'ila - Ikilisiyar Yahudawa ta Hendersonville. Abubuwan da ke ba da gudummawa na tarihi sun haɗa da makabarta, firam, ɗakin dakuna na octagonal wanda ya fara daga farkon karni na 20; mausoleum na ƙarni na 20, mausoleum mai tubali tare da rufi mai laushi da terra cotta; babban mausoleum ne na Neoclassical, wanda aka gina a 1951; da kuma ginin kulawa na 1950. Ya haɗa da mutum-mutumi na mala'ika na marmara na Italiya wanda ya zama wahayi ga littafin farko na Thomas Wolfe, Look Homeward, Angel (1929). [1]￼

An jera shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places a cikin 2014. 

## Gidan wasan kwaikwayo

## Manazarta
Harshen Ná-Meo

**Ná-Meo** (Vietnamese; autonym: ** ) yare ne na arewacin Vietnam, wanda Mutanen Mieu ke magana. Nguyen (2007) *A Mi* imanin Na Meo na iya zama harshen Hmongic mafi kusa da Qiandong Miao.

## Rarraba
A cewar Hsiu (2015), Na Meo yana da alaƙa da kuma yarukan Guncen滚ń da Zhenmin 振民 na Kudancin Qiandong Miao (ISO 639-3: *hms*), waɗanda ake magana a cikin Gundumar Rongshui Miao mai cin gashin kanta, arewacin lardin Guangxi, China. Wannan ya tabbatar da canjin sauti na Proto-Hmong-Mien *-ear > Proto-Na Meo-Guncen-Zhenmin *-a.

## Rarraba
An bayar da rahoton wurare masu zuwa a cikin Ethnologue .

* Khánh Long Commune, Gundumar Tràng Định, arewa maso yammacin Lạng Sơn 
** Garin Khuổi Phu Dao ƙauyen
* Garin Cao Minh
* Garin Ca Liec, Gundumar Thạch An, Lardin Cao Bằng

Nguyen (2007:31) ya ba da rahoton ƙarin wurare masu zuwa.

* Garin Khuổi Giảo, Garin Cao Minh, Gundumar Tràng Định, Lardin Lạng Sơn
* Gundumar Thúy Hùng, Gundumar Thạch An, Lardin Cao Bằng (kakannin da suka haye daga China ta hanyar Gundumar Trùng Khánh) 
* Gundumar Vũ Loan, Gundumar Na Rì, Lardin Bắc KAN
* Kim Quan Commune, Yên Sơn District, Tuyên Quang Province (kakannin sun zo daga Yunnan zuwa Bắc Giang Province ta hanyar Red River). Hsiu (2015) ya gano ƙauyen Khuân Hẻ a matsayin wurin da ake magana da Na Meo a cikin Kim Quan Commune, Lardin Tuyên Quang.

## Manazarta
Kabari na Geer

Kabarin Geer (1876-1939) wani kabari ne na Afirka da Amurka wanda ke kan titin Colonial tsakanin McGill Place da Camden Avenue a arewa maso gabashin Durham, North Carolina . An kuma san shi da **Kabari na Birni**, **Kabari na Tsohon Birni**, Gabashin Durham, da Kabari Mason .  An jera makabarta a cikin National Register of Historic Places a cikin 2024. 

## Tarihi
A halin yanzu yana da kimanin kadada 4 (1.6 , kuma yana dauke da kaburbura na sama da 1,500 na Afirka, da yawa da aka haifa cikin bautar. Shi ne makabartar farko ga 'yan Afirka na Afirka a Durham, kuma daga 1876, lokacin da aka buɗe shi, zuwa 1924 shi ne kawai. A shekara ta 1939 an rufe shi saboda ma'aikatar kiwon lafiya ta cika shi, kodayake an binne shi a shekara ta 1944. Birnin Durham ya lissafa mallakar makabartar a matsayin "Ba a sani ba".

A shekara ta 2004 makabarta ta kasance "mai tsayi sosai kuma... kusan ba a ganuwa"; [1] ba zai yiwu a yi tafiya a ciki ba. Birnin, tare da hadin gwiwar Abokan Geer, ƙungiyar masu sa kai, da Keep Durham Beautiful Inc., sun share shafin daga bishiyoyi, datti, da tarkace, sun hana itacen inabi da ciyawa, sun dawo da dutsen da suka fadi, kuma sun kwantar da hanyar dutse ta cikin makabartar.[1][2] An kafa alamar dutse a kan titin Camden. A cikin 2015, bikin cika shekaru 150 na tabbatar da Kwaskwarima ta goma sha uku ta Arewacin Carolina, Abokan Kabari na Geer sun gudanar da wani taron a makabartar.[2]￼

Tun aƙalla 2020, Abokan Kabari na Geer sun haɗa kai da malamai a Jami'ar Duke, musamman Farfesa Adam Rosenblatt, don bincika tarihin kabari da mutanen da aka binne a can.

## Abubuwan da aka sani da binnewa

* Edian Markham, wanda ya kafa Ikilisiyar Episcopal ta Methodist ta Afirka ta St. JosephCocin Episcopal na St. Joseph na Afirka
* Margaret Ruffin Faucette, wanda ya kafa Cocin Baptist na White Rock na Durham
* Augustus Shepard, mahaifin James E. Shepard wanda ya kafa Jami'ar Tsakiya ta Arewacin Carolina 

## Manazarta
James W. Jones

**James William Jones** ISO (1843 - 26 Afrilu 1920) ƙwararren mai binciken ƙasa ne kuma babban ma'aikacin gwamnati a ƙasar Ostiraliya.

## Sana'a
An haifi Jones a Waymouth Street, Adelaide,  ɗan fitaccen injiniyan gine-gine Thomas Jones.

: **Thomas Jones** (5 ga Disamba 1809 - kimanin 20 ga Nuwamba 1892) injiniyan gine-gine ne wanda aka haifa a Cowbridge a Glamorganshire, Wales, wanda ya isa Adelaide a ranar 7 ga Yuli 1840. Ya kula da gina Gadar Birni (a kan titin King William na yanzu) a shekarar 1843, magudanar ruwa ta Port Elliot, da kuma hanyar jirgin kasa ta Port Elliot zuwa Goolwa daga 1853 zuwa 1856. Ya ci gaba da zama a Port Elliot a matsayin injiniya kuma mai kula da hanyar jirgin kasa har zuwa 1871. An nada shi mai binciken gari na Moonta a shekarar 1872 kuma yana aiki a matsayin mai kula da Hukumar Titin Peninsula ( Yorke ) a 1875. Ya tsara Cocin Anglican a Moonta, an kammala shi a 1874. Shi ne wanda ya kafa Manchester Unity of Oddfellows a Kudancin Ostiraliya.

Ya yi karatu a Cibiyar Ilimi ta JL Young da ke Adelaide, kuma ba da daɗewa ba ya yi wa mahaifinsa aiki a kan titin jirgin ƙasa na Port Elliot zuwa Goolwa, wanda mahaifinsa ya sami suka daga hukuma. Ya shiga aikin gwamnati a matsayin mai gyaran daki a 1865 kuma aka naɗa shi Babban Mai Binciken Ƙasa sannan Mataimakin Babban Mai Binciken Ƙasa a Sashen Bincike da Filayen Masarautu. Ya bincika yankin arewa maso gabashin Eucla a 1880, kuma ya gano ramin dutse na Kudna da katakombi, [undefined] wani babban hanyar sadarwa ta kogo na dutse, tafkuna da hanyoyin ƙarƙashin ƙasa a ƙarƙashin Nullarbor Plain.[1] An naɗa shi Mai Kula da Ruwa a 1887 [2] kuma Sakataren Kwamishinan Ayyuka a 1902. Ya kasance sakataren reshen Kudancin Ostiraliya na Royal Geographical Society of Australasia tun daga kafuwarta a 1885 zuwa 1894.[3] [4] An zaɓe shi shugaban Cibiyar Masu Binciken a 1912.[5] Ya kasance shugaba kuma shugaban Hukumar Kula da Tashoshin Jiragen Ruwa da Ruwa a 1914.[6] Ya kasance sakataren Ƙungiyar Jin Daɗi a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya.[7] An naɗa shi Abokin Umarnin Ayyukan Sarki a 1911.[8] Ritayarsa a 1914 ta zo ne da bankwana daga babban taron abokan aikinsa.[9]

## Manazarta
Valegro

**Valegro** (5 ga Yulin 2002 - 1 ga Disamba 2025) ya kasance mai tsere wanda dan wasan Birtaniya Charlotte Dujardin ya hau a cikin wasanni na dressage . Ya tsaya 16.2 kuma yana da sunan Blueberry. Ya kasance zakara na duniya sau biyu a Dressage, ya lashe Grand Prix Special da Grand Prix Freestyle a Duniya.
## Ayyuka
Bayan ya shiga gidan Carl Hester a Newent, Gloucestershire a matsayin ango, Hester da mai haɗin gwiwa Roly Luard sun ba Dujardin damar bunkasa Sabon dan Holland Warmblood gelding, tare da niyyar Hester ya hau doki a gasar.

Valegro ya kasance ba a ci nasara ba tun lokacin da CDI Kapellen ya kasance a watan Janairun 2012.

Haɗin ya zama wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar da ta lashe zinariya a Gasar Zakarun Turai a Rotterdam. Daga nan sai suka lashe gasar cin Kofin Duniya na FEI a London Olympia a shekara ta 2011, inda suka kafa rikodin duniya don wasan kwaikwayo na musamman na Olympics wanda ya zira kwallaye 88.022%, a watan Afrilun 2012.

An zaba don wakiltar Burtaniya a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012, a zagayen farko sun kafa sabon rikodin Olympics na 83.784%. A ranar 7 ga Agusta 2012 ma'auratan sun kasance membobin ƙungiyar waɗanda suka ci lambar zinare a cikin taron suturar ƙungiyar. Bayan kwana biyu sun ci zinare a taron suturar mutum ɗaya tare da maki 90.089%.
## Mutawa
Valegro ya mutu a ranar 1 ga Disamba 2025, yana da shekaru 23. An sanar da mutuwar tare da ta Uthopia. Dukansu sun mutu ta hanyar euthanasia.
##### MANAZARTA
Ƙananan Ikilisiyar Urushalima

Little Jerusalem AME Church, wanda aka fi sani da Bensalem AME Church. Ikilisiyar Episcopal ce ta Afirka da ke 1200 Bridgewater Road a Cornwells Heights, Bensalem Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania . An gina shi a cikin 1830 kuma an gyara shi game da 1860 da 1896. Yana da 1 + 1⁄2-story, tsarin tsari na ɗaki ɗaya tare da rufin gable. Kabarin da ke kewaye da coci ya ƙunshi jana'izar baƙar fata na yakin basasa.[1] ￼

Yana daya daga cikin tsoffin majami'u na Afirka ta Amirka, wanda Rev. James Miller ya kafa game da 1820 a karkashin kulawar Richard Allen (1760-1831), wanda ya kafa Ikilisiyar AME .  Allen ne ya gina ɗakin majami'ar. Cocin ya zama mafaka a cikin Hanyar jirgin kasa ta karkashin kasa, yana taimaka wa waɗanda ke tserewa daga bautar. Ita ce kawai cocin Afirka na gargajiya a garin Bensalem daga 1830 har zuwa 1930. A karkashin fastocin Reverend John Butler, an kafa makarantar sabbat a 1848 don koyar da 'yan Afirka na gida don karatu da rubutu.

An jera shafin a cikin National Register of Historic Places a cikin 1980. 

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* 
* U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Bensalem African Methodist Episcopal Church Cemetery
* Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) A'a. PA-1721, "Ikilisiyar Episcopal ta Bensalem ta Afirka, 1200 Bridgewater Road (Bensalem), Bridgewater, Bucks County, PA", 6 hotuna, 1 shafi na bayanai, 1 Shafin rubutun hoto
* Little Jerusalem AME ChurchaNeman Kabari
Kabari na Lincoln (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania)

An kafa **Kabari na Lincoln** a watan Nuwamba 1877 ta Wesley Union African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church (A.M.E. Zion Church),  kuma yana cikin 201 South 30th Street a yankin Susquehanna Township na Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. 

## Tarihi
Tsohon makabartar Black da ke Harrisburg, Lincoln ya ƙunshi mutane da yawa da aka sake binne su daga kusan asali biyar na asalin Afirka-Amurka a birnin Harrisburg. Membobin cocin Wesley Union, waɗanda suka bazu ta yankin Harrisburg, suna aiki a cikin Hanyar jirgin kasa ta karkashin kasa.[1] Tsoffin mayakan Yaƙin basasa, ciki har da Ephraim Slaughter, Tsohon mayakan yakin yakin basasa na Harrisburg na karshe an binne su a cikin makabartar. Ya yi aiki a cikin rundunar soja ta 37 ta Sojojin Amurka da 3rd N.C. Colored Infantry . [1][2] Yana da shafin daya daga cikin alamun tarihi a Dauphin County, Pennsylvania . [3]￼

## Maidowa
A watan Yulin 2021, mambobin zuriyar Lincoln Cemetery sun fara tsaftacewa, gyarawa da sake farfado da filin.

## Shahararrun mutane

* William H. Day, abolitionist, malami, kuma mai wallafa jarida 
* Thomas Morris Chester, lauyan Afirka-Amurka kuma wakilin yakin basasa  
* Harriet McClintock Marshall, wanda ake kira "Ma", ya taimaka tare da kulawa da ilimi ga bayi da suka tsere da ke tafiya a kan tashar jirgin kasa ta karkashin kasa da ke cikin tsohuwar cocin Wesley.

## Dubi kuma

* Kabari na Dutsen Sihiyona (Kingston, New York)
* Kabarin Sihiyona na St. David na Afirka na Methodist

## Manazarta
Gidan binnewa na Bethel

Fayil:Bethel_Burial_Ground_Philly_blg.jpg|Park pavilion, looking west.  The burial ground lies behind the pavilion
Fayil:Weccacoe_Playground_looking_north.jpg|East side of Weccacoe Playground, looking north


Bethel Burial Ground wani kabari ne na Afirka na tarihi wanda ke cikin Kudancin Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, a ƙarƙashin wani ɓangare na filin wasa na Weccacoe, wanda ke da iyaka da Sarauniya, S. Lawrence, Catherine, da S. Liethgow Streets. Gidan binnewa ya kasance kusan murabba'in ƙafa 100 kuma yana ƙasa da kusurwar kudu maso yammacin filin wasa na yanzu.

## Tarihi
An fara binnewa a cikin 1810 bayan Rev. Richard Allen ya sayi ƙasar don Ikilisiyar Uwar Bethel AME, wanda ke kusa da rabin mil a arewa, don zama wurin hutawa ga 'yan Afirka na Afirka. takaddun shaida na mutuwa da mutuwa sun rubuta jana'iza 1,716 a shafin   kafin 1830. 

An yi amfani da adadi mai yawa a shafin don karɓar binnewa bayan 1842, a sakamakon tara kaburbura a saman kaburbura na baya. Kimanin jimlar binnewar ya kasance daga 3,000 - 5,000. Kabari ya ƙare a 1864 kuma an yi watsi da shafin. Daga 1869-1873 an yi amfani da rukunin don adana wagons da sauran kayan aiki ta hanyar mai gyaran sukari kuma an kara lalacewa. Cocin Bethel ya sayar da dukiyar a 1889. A shekara ta 1900 an canza shi zuwa wurin shakatawa, sannan aka sani da Weccacoe Square . [1]￼

Wani binciken farko ya tabbatar da girman makabartar, ya sami shaidar kaburbura da yawa, da kuma yadudduka na cikawa, da kuma dutse guda ɗaya da ke karantawa "Amelia Brown, 1819, Shekaru 26 - Duk wanda ke rayuwa kuma ya yi imani da ni, kodayake mu [sic] matattu, duk da haka za mu [sic].

## Filin wasa na Weccacoe
Filin wasa na Weccacoe, wanda ke kan 400 block na Catharine Street, yana da filin wasa wanda ya samo asali ne daga shekara ta 1910.  An gina wani ɓangare na wurin shakatawa a kan Bethel Burial Ground . Gidan shakatawa ya haɗa da cibiyar nishaɗi, filin wasan tennis, filin wasa da filin wasa na ruwa.

## Manazarta
Cocin St. Paul Baptist da Kabari

St. Paul Baptist Church and Cemetery wani coci ne na Afirka da Amurka da kuma makabartar kusa da Meeker, Oklahoma, Amurka kuma shine kawai sanannen shafin a Lincoln County, Oklahoma. Cocin yana kan hanyar N3420, kuma makabartar tana da kashi uku cikin hudu na mil a gabashin cocin. An gina cocin a shekara ta 1940 bayan gobara ta lalata cocin na asali a 1939.￼

An kara shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places a shekara ta 2002. 

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin makabarta a Oklahoma

## Manazarta
Kabari na Slate Hill

Slate Hill Burying Ground (wanda aka fi sani da Old Slate Hill Burial Ground da Yardley Cemetery) wani kabari ne na tarihi a Lower Makefield Township, Pennsylvania, tare da mafi yawan kaburbura da suka kasance daga mazauna Quaker na karni na 18. Tana a titin Yardley-Morrisville da Mahlon Drive.

An kafa shi a cikin shekara ta 1690, mai yiwuwa shine mafi tsufa a cikin Bucks County. Dutsen kabari na farko an rubuta shi ne a shekara ta 1698, amma kaburbura marasa alama na iya kasancewa a baya. Kabarin ya kunshi sassan uku: na farko Thomas Janney ne ya ba da shi a shekara ta 1690, na biyu Abel Janney ne suka ba da shi mu 1721; kuma na karshe Joshua Anderson ne ya ba shi a shekara de 1788. Kyautar Anderson ta kirkiro makabartar jama'a ta farko a Lower Makefield Township. Sassan biyu na farko an san su da sashin Quaker.￼

Sashe na Quaker yana da kaburbura 185 daga cikin jimlar 487, mafi yawa kafin 1800. Sashe na jama'a yana da kaburbura 96 da aka yi alama ciki har da na 'yan Afirka shida na Amurka waɗanda suka yi aiki a cikin Sojojin Tarayya a lokacin Yaƙin basasar Amurka.

An kara makabarta a cikin National Register of Historic Places a shekarar 1982.

## Manazarta
Kabari na Gower

Kabarin Gower wani kabari ne na tarihin Afirka na Amurka wanda ke Edmond, Oklahoma . [1] An kafa shi a cikin 1889 ta hanyar ma'aurata da suka kasance bayi mai suna Ophelia da John Gower waɗanda suka ba da izinin wasu iyalai masu launin fata da marasa galihu su binne matattu a ƙasarsu kyauta.￼

## Tarihi
Jihar Oklahoma ta amince da wurin binnewa a cikin 1907. Jikan Gower ya yi aiki don a kara shafin a cikin National Register of Historic Places a cikin 1991 a matsayin hujja guda ɗaya da ta tsira game da tsohuwar al'ummar baƙar fata a wannan wurin. An kiyasta cewa an binne mutane 200 a shafin da ke gabashin Interstate 35 a kan Covel Road tsakanin Douglas da Post Roads.

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin makabarta a Oklahoma

## Manazarta
Kabari na Amurka

Kabarin United American shine mafi tsufa a cikin kabari na Afirka da Amurka a Ohio, wanda ke kan Duck Creek Road a Cincinnati, Ohio kuma kungiyar United Colored American Association ce ta kafa shi a 1844. Daga cikin wadanda aka binnewa a makabartar wadanda suka shahara sune Horace Sudduth, mai sayar da dukiya a farkon karni na ashirin kuma mai mallakar Otal din Manse a Walnut Hills, da John Isom Gaines, malamin baƙar fata. An kuma san shi da **Kabari na Amurka** mai launi.

Wannan makabartar tana cikin Sashe na 23 na garin Columbia. Ƙofar tana gefen arewacin Duck Creek Road, kimanin ƙafa 1500 a gabashin Kennedy Avenue. Kabarin ya kunshi kadada 11.5.

A tsakiyar karni na ashirin makabartar ta zama an yi watsi da ita. Wani rukuni na masu mallakar fili sun kai karar kungiyar makabarta a shekarar 1956. Kotuna sun nada sabon kwamiti don gudanar da makabartar amma kwamiti bai iya shawo kan masu mallakar fili su biya don kulawa ta har abada wanda zai samar da kudade don ci gaba da kula da makabartun ba. A shekara ta 1968 an canja makabartar zuwa Union Baptist Church . [1]￼

## Manazarta
Toni Lamond

**Patricia Lamond Lawman AM** (29 Maris 1932 - 29 Nuwamba 2025), wanda aka fi sani da Toni Lamond, ta kasance 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Australiya, mai wasan cabaret, mawaƙa, 'yar wasan motsa jiki, mai rawa, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, marubuci da kuma talabijin da rediyo. Ta sami nasarar aiki sama da shekaru ashirin, a cikin gida da na duniya ciki har da Ingila da Amurka.

Lamond, wacce ta fito ne daga dangin da ke da hannu a cikin zane-zane, ta fara aikinta a matsayin yarinya mai wasan kwaikwayo a cikin nishaɗi iri-iri tana da shekaru goma kuma ita ce mace ta farko a duniya da ta dauki bakuncin wasan kwaikwayo na tsakar rana. Na biyu ita ce ƙanwarta Helen Reddy .

Tare da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na zamani Jill Perryman da Nancye Hayes, an kira Lamond daya daga cikin manyan mata uku na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Australiya, kuma a cikin ta farko baiwa ce da za ta iya yin gasa da Doris Day.
## Rayuwa da aiki
**Rayuwa ta farko**
An haifi Lamond a Sydney, New South Wales, Australia a ranar 29 ga Maris 1932, ga vaudevillian, actress da comedian Stella Lamond (1909-1973), wanda ya bayyana a cikin baƙi a cikin shirye-shiryen talabijin na farko kamar Homicide da Bellbird da kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo mahaifin Joe Lawman . Ta koyi rawa a 8 kuma ta fara aikinta na sana'a tana da shekaru 10 lokacin da ta raira waƙa a rediyo yayin da take tafiya tare da iyayenta na vaudevillian a cikin shirye-shirye daban-daban.
## Rayuwa da mutuwarsa
Lamond ta hanyar mahaifiyarta ita ce 'yar'uwar marigayi mawaƙa Helen Reddy, wacce ta tashe ta a matsayin mahaifiyar maye yayin da iyayensu ke yin wasan kwaikwayo.

Lamond ya auri dan wasan kwaikwayo Frank Sheldon a shekara ta 1954, amma a shekarar 1966 jim kadan bayan rabuwa, ya kashe kansa. Ɗanta ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma marubuci Tony Sheldon .

Ya biyo bayan jarabawar magungunan magani, kuma ta kasance mai haƙuri a asibitin Chelmsford Private, inda ta yi maganin barci mai zurfi. Ta shawo kan kuma ta tattauna batun a fili a cikin wani labari na The Mike Walsh Show, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin kafofin watsa labarai na Australiya na farko da suka yi hakan.

Lamond ya mutu a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba 2025 a Sydney, Ostiraliya yana da shekaru 93. 

## Manazarta
Port Harcourt Poetry Festival

**Port Harcourt Poetry Festival** wani bikin waka ne na shekara-shekara da kuma magana da magana da aka gudanar a Port Harcoort, Jihar Rivers, Najeriya. Bikin yana da wasan kwaikwayo, bita, tattaunawar panel, gasa, da sauran ayyukan wallafe-wallafen, da nufin inganta shayari, haɓaka mawaƙa masu tasowa, da kuma shiga cikin al'umma.

## Tarihi
An kafa bikin ne a shekarar 2023 ta hannun mawakan waƙoƙin Najeriya da masu sha’awar adabi, domin samar da dandali ga mawaka da masu kirkirar ayyukan adabi su nuna ayyukansu tare da ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwar kirkire-kirkire.

## Littattafai

### 2023
An gudanar da bugu na farko daga ranakun 3 zuwa 5 ga watan Nuwamba, 2023, inda aka gudanar da tarurrukan horaswa, tattaunawar kwamitoci, da kuma gabatar da wasanni daga mawakan waƙoƙi na gida da na ƙasa baki ɗaya..

### 2024
An gudanar da bugu na biyu a Azny Place tare da taken "Bridging The Gap," gami da waƙoƙin waka, bita, da tattaunawar panel. Wadanda suka lashe gasar waka sun sami kyaututtuka na kuɗi da kuma karɓa.

### 2025
An gudanar da bugu na uku a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba 2025 a Cibiyar Ci gaban Ilimi, Waterlines, Port Harcourt, tare da taken "Beyond Boundaries.”

Ayyukan da aka gudanar sun haɗa da tarurrukan horaswa, zaman tattaunawar kwamitoci, gasar karatun waƙoƙi (poetry slam) ga ɗaliban makarantun sakandare, nuna fina-finai, da ƙaddamar da kundin waƙoƙi mai suna *My Garden City*, wanda aka tattara daga gudummawar ɗaliban makarantun sakandare a faɗin Jihar Rivers. Fitattun masana adabi kamar Dr Kudo Eresia-Eke, Farfesa Obari Gomba, Umar Abubakar Sidi, Amu Nnadi, da Uzo Nwamara sun taka rawa wajen duba da tantance kundin waƙoƙin.

## Ayyuka
Bikin yawanci ya haɗa da:

* Ayyukan waka da nuna kalmomin magana
* Tattaunawar da manyan darussan ga mawaƙa masu son
* Tattaunawar panel kan batutuwa na wallafe-wallafen
* Waƙoƙin gasa
* Shirye-shiryen shiga cikin al'umma da shiga makaranta

## Dubi kuma

* Bikin Littafin Port Harcourt
* Jerin bukukuwan a Najeriya

## Manazarta
Kabari na Tarihi na 'Yanci

Kabarin Tarihi na Freedmen, a kusurwar Booker da Kwalejin, wani wuri ne na tarihi na Afirka da Amurka a harabar Kwalejin Knoxville a Tennessee, Amurka. Kabarin Tarihi na Ofishin Jakadancin Freedmen shine wurin binne wasu sanannun baƙar fata na Knoxvillians ciki har da malamai "Caslers, Becks, Greens,", likitocin baƙar fata farko na garin, da mutane da yawa waɗanda Andrew Johnson, Shugaban Amurka na 17 ya bautar da su. Kabarin, wanda ke da kusan kaburbura 190 da aka sani, a baya an san shi da Kabarin Kwalejin Knoxville, Kabarin Kwaleejin, da Kabarin Ikilisiyar Presbyterian na farko.

Ba a san lokacin da aka kafa makabartar ba amma ana zaton tana tsakanin 1877 da 1900.[1] Kabari mafi tsufa tare da dutse mai alama ya kasance a shekara ta 1904.[1] An shirya Kungiyar Kabari ta Kwalejin Knoxville a cikin 1900 don kula da shafin.[2] Koyaya, yayin da zuriyar matattu suka bar Knoxville a cikin shekarun da suka gabata, a farkon karni na 21 makabartar tana fama da mummunar wahala sakamakon sakaci da lalata.[1]￼

## Manazarta
Kabari na Evergreen (Murfreesboro, Tennessee)

Kabari na Evergreen wani kabari ne mai girman kadada 90 (36  wanda ke cikin Murfreesboro, Tennessee .  Kabarin ya fara ne a matsayin makabartar bayi har sai mai shi Dr. James Maney (mai mallakar Oaklands Plantation), ya ba da kashi 20 acre (8.1  na ƙasarsa ga birnin Murfreesboro a 1872 don maye gurbin "Old City Cemetery" wanda ke kusa da garin Murfrees Toro.  Kabari shine wurin binnewa na ƙarshe ga sanannun mutane da yawa daga Tennessee kuma filayen suna da gida ga tsofaffin bishiyoyi na maple, oak da magnolia. Wasu daga cikin bishiyoyi sun riga sun kasance a cikin makabartar kuma wasu daga cikin manyan duwatsu sun wuce shekaru 140.

Kabari na Evergreen yana karkashin jagorancin kwamitin daraktoci mai mambobi 34 kuma shugabanta na yanzu shine John Rucker Jr. wanda ya yi aiki a kan kwamitin sama da shekaru 24.

Tana a 519 Greenland Drive .  Ana kuma gudanar da yawon shakatawa na makabartar, wanda Oaklands Mansion ya gabatar, a kowace shekara.

## Ƙungiyar Ƙungiya

An kafa Confederate Circle, wani kabari na jama'a, a cikin 1890. A shekara ta 1891, an tattara ragowar sojoji na Confederate daga wuraren binnewa a fadin yankin, gami da "Old Confederate Cemetery" wanda ke kusa da mil 1.5 (2.4 kudu da Murfreesboro, [1] kuma an sake binne su a nan. Wasu sojoji 2,000 - kusan 90% ba a ambaci sunayensu ba, an binne su a cikin Circle. [1][2] Yankin da ke kewaye da Circle yana da alamun dutse da ke ɗauke da sunayen kowane ɗayan jihohin Confederate. Alamun binnewa na mutum don wasu daga cikin sanannun matattu suna kusa da wuraren da suka dace.￼

The Circle shine shafin yanar gizo na bukukuwan da yawa da kuma tunawa a duk shekara don 'ya'yan sansanin tsoffin soji na gida, gami da sansanoni # 33 da # 1355.

## Abubuwan da aka sani da binnewa

* John P. Buchanan (1847-1930), Gwamnan Tennessee 1891-93
* David W. Dickinson (1808-1845), Wakilin Amurka
* Harold Earthman (1900-1987), Wakilin Amurka
* Marvin Leroy Maple (1936-2016), wanda ya sace jikokinsa 
* Mary Noailles Murfree (1850-1922), marubuciya
* Joseph B. Palmer (1825-1890), Janar Janar
* Charles Ready (1802-1878), Wakilin Amurka
* James D. Richardson (1843-1914), Wakilin Amurka
* Ken Shipp (1928-2012), Koleji da kocin NFL

## Manazarta
Kabari na Richland

Kabarin Richland wani kabari ne na tarihin Afirka da Amurka wanda ke Greenville, South Carolina . Birnin Greenville ne ya kafa shi a shekara ta 1884 a matsayin makabarta "launi" ta farko. Shi ne wurin hutawa na karshe ga yawancin sanannun malamai na Afirka na Greenville, likitocin kiwon lafiya, da shugabannin al'umma. An kiyasta yawan kaburbura a sama da 1,400 kuma nau'ikan alamun kabari da kayan aiki sun fito ne daga duwatsu na halitta zuwa abubuwan tunawa na Victorian.

An kara shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places a shekara ta 2005.￼

## Manazarta
Kabari na Remley Point

Makabartar Remley Point (wanda kuma aka sani da Makabartar Scanlonville) makabarta ce da ke cikin al'ummar Scanlonville a Mt. Pleasant, South Carolina. Tana da kaburbura 41 masu alama, tun daga 1867 zuwa 1989, amma mazauna yankin sun yi iƙirarin cewa akwai mutane sama da 1,000, waɗanda galibinsu 'yan Afirka-Amurka ne, da aka binne a can.[1] An ƙara ta a cikin Rijistar Wurare na Tarihi na Ƙasa[2]￼

A cikin 1999, Tom da Victoria Rogers sun sayi makabartar kadada uku tare da niyyar haɗa shi cikin ci gaban gida mai girma.[1] A shekara ta 2001, Rogers sun kafa shari'a don a sake komawa kaburbura don gina gidansu; duk da haka, daga baya sun janye aikace-aikacen su lokacin da mazaunan Scanlonville suka fara shari'a domin hana motsi.[2][3] Bayan sake gabatar da wannan buƙatar a cikin shekara ta 2005, wani alƙali ya yanke shawarar cewa ba za a iya haɓaka wannan makabartar da ta kasance mai muhimmanci a tarihi ba. [4][5]￼

## Manazarta
Kabari na Birnin Orangeburg

Kabarin Orangeburg City wani kabari ne na tarihi na Afirka da Amurka wanda ke Orangeburg, Orangeburg County, South Carolina . An kafa shi a cikin 1889 kuma yanki ne na kadada biyar wanda ke dauke da kusan wuraren binnewa 300 zuwa 350. Yawancin jana'iza sun kasance daga kimanin 1890 zuwa shekarun 1960.

An kara shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places a cikin 1996.￼

## Abubuwan da aka sani da binnewa

* Johnson C. Whittaker (1858-1931), ɗan West Point wanda aka kore shi, aka cire shi, kuma bayan mutuwarsa aka ba shi kwamishinan jami'in Sojojin Amurka

## Manazarta
Kabari na Tunawa da Darlington

Kabarin Tunawa da Darlington, wanda aka fi sani da Kabarin Al'umma na Darlington ko Kabarin Birnin Darlington. Kabarin ya samo asali ne daga 1890, kuma har zuwa 1946 shi ne kawai kabari na Afirka na Amurka a cikin iyakokin birnin Darlington. An faɗaɗa shi da ƙarin kadada huɗu a 1946, don jimlar kusan kadada tara. Akwai kusan kaburbura 1,900 a cikin makabarta, tare da mafi yawan kaburbura daga farkon- zuwa tsakiyar karni na 20. [1][2]￼

An jera shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places a shekara ta 2005. 

## Abubuwan da aka sani da binnewa
Kabari a makabartar sun hada da: 

* James Lawrence Cain (1871-1944), malami
* Isaac Brockenton (1928-1908), minista kuma mutum ne na jama'a
* Edmund H. Deas (1855-1915), ɗan siyasa
* Lawrence Reese (1864-1915), ɗan kasuwa kuma mai sana'a
* Mable K. Howard (ya mutu a shekara ta 1963), malami

## Manazarta
Anson Street Gidan binnewar Afirka

Anson Street African Burial Ground wani kabari ne na tarihi na Afirka da kuma wurin binciken kayan tarihi a Charleston, South Carolina, Amurka. An binne bayi na asalin Afirka a karni na 18. An gano kaburbura a lokacin da aka tono wani rami a shekarar 2013 don gina Galliard Auditorium . 

## Tarihi
An sake gano Anson Street African Burial Ground a matsayin makabartar tarihi da kuma wurin binciken kayan tarihi inda aka binne bayi na asalin Afirka a karni na 18 na Charleston, South Carolina .  An yi amfani da wurin binnewa daga kimanin 1760 zuwa 1790. 

Ra'ayoyi na farko sun kasance cewa an binne gawawwakin a cikin layuka huɗu da suka dace, daga gabas zuwa yamma, duk suna kusa da kusurwar Anson Street da George Street. Kayan kabari sun haɗa da tsabar kudi na Burtaniya, ɗaya daga cikinsu an samo shi a cikin idon kwanyar. An kuma gano ragowar akwatin gawa da maɓallan daga abin da zai iya zama rigar yaro.

Abubuwan da ba a yi musu alama ba a baya za su kasance shafin yanar gizon abin tunawa wanda ke nuna "maɓuɓɓugar da aka yi wa tagulla, duk an tsara su ne daga mazauna baƙar fata na irin wannan shekarun zuwa mutane 36 da aka samu".

Kokarin gano asalin mutanen da aka binne sun haɗa da binciken DNA, don gano asalin kwayar halitta, [undefined] da kuma taswirar isotope, don nuna wuraren da aka haifi mutane daga wannan da wasu shafuka, a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin da ya fi dacewa don samun ƙarin fahimta game da cinikin bayi na Atlantic. [1]￼

## Manazarta
Kabari mai launi na Aiken

Kabari na Aiken Colored, wani kabari na tarihi a Aiken, South Carolina, Amurka, ya rufe kusan kadada 10 kuma yana da nisan kilomita da yawa daga yankin gari. Ita ce kawai wurin binnewar al'ummar Afirka ta Aiken a tsakiyar karni na 20.

Kabarin ya fara aiki a 1852, tun kafin zamanin Yaƙin basasa. Mazaunanta suna wakiltar mutane daban-daban ciki har da bayi, 'yanci, shugabannin kasuwanci, 'yan kasuwa, da matalauta. Yanzu ana kiran makabarta Pine Lawn Memorial Gardens kuma jama'a suna iya isa.￼

An jera Kabari mai Launi na Aiken a cikin Tarihin Tarihi na Kasa a ranar 19 ga Maris, 2007. 

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin makabarta a Kudancin Carolina

## Manazarta
Kabari na Negro mai tawali'u

Kabarin Humble Negro yana cikin Harris County, Texas, a arewacin Birnin Humble . Tana kusa da 200 yadudduka a arewacin FM 1960 by-pass wanda ke gudana tare da arewacin Humble da gabashin hanyoyin jirgin kasa da Hanyar Amurka 59.

## Tarihi
An kafa Humble a matsayin birni a 1933. A wannan lokacin, ta hanyar kuri'un Majalisar Birnin, an kira wariyar launin fata don sanya garin "farin fata". An tilasta wa baƙar fata su sake ƙaura da iyalansu da kaburbura na matattu zuwa wani wuri, a waje da iyakokin birni. Farawa a 1933, baƙi sun fara ƙaura daga Humble kuma a shekara ta 1935, kusan duk suna da su.

Wani katako a arewacin Humble mallakar Mista Bender ne, daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa Humble. Baƙi sun yi ƙaura daga Gladysville, Cleveland, Splendora da Fostoria don yin aiki a can.

Har ila yau, Mista Borders yana da ma'aikatar katako a yammacin Humble. An ruwaito cewa ya ba wa 'yan Afirka na Afirka waɗanda suka yi masa aiki da wasu dukiya don su rayu. An san yankin da Bordersville bayan sunan mai mallakar sassaka. Lokacin da aka sanya su zauna a waje da "ƙasar" da aka kafa Humble, da yawa daga cikinsu sun koma yankin Bordersville.

A cikin shekaru, an watsar da makabartar kuma ta cika. A shekara ta 2005, membobin Grace Church, cocin al'adu da ke Humble, sun nemi izini daga masu mallakar ƙasar don tsaftacewa da dawo da ita, wani abu da suka yi fatan kuma sun yi ƙoƙarin yi na dogon lokaci. Bayan karɓar izini daga City of Humble da Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Texas, Grace Church ta kashe dubban daloli da yawa ta sanya hanya, ta share daruruwan bishiyoyi, kuma ta yi aiki tare da masana tarihi na gida don dawo da makabartar. Don girmama tsoffin mayakan da aka binne a can, cocin ya kuma shigar da tutar tutar da tashar tutar Amurka. A cikin 2013, cocin yana aiki don sanya alamar tarihi a shafin. Yayinda suke fatan mayar da makabartar ga ƙaunatattun marigayin, cocin ya himmatu ga rufe duk kulawa da kiyayewa.￼

A shekara ta 2008, an sami wani abin da ya faru wanda ya shafi tayar da daya daga cikin kaburbura da kuma lalata daya daga cikin gawawwakin da aka binne a can. Wannan lamarin ya dawo da makabarta cikin idon jama'a. Fastocin Grace Church sun kula da sake binne jikin.

## Ayyukan baya-bayan nan
Ba a shirya kaburbura a cikin layuka ko mãkirci kuma 'yan duwatsu ne kawai suka rage. Ana sanya su ba zato ba tsammani. Yawancin kaburbura ba su da alama, ko kuma an cire duwatsu. Kadan ne idan an adana rubuce-rubuce kuma mutane da yawa sun lalata makabarta ta hanyar rage kaburbura da kansu zuwa tarin tarkace.

## Dubi kuma

* Tarihin 'yan Afirka na Amurka a Houston

## Manazarta
Kabari na Greenwood (Waco)

Kabarin Greenwood wani kabari ne a Waco, Texas . An raba shi da launin fata ga dukan tarihinsa a matsayin wurin binnewa, farawa da asalinsa a cikin shekarun 1870. Yana daya daga cikin tsoffin makabarta guda biyu a Waco tare da Kabari na Oakwood . Saboda talauci na mutane da yawa da aka binne a can, wasu daga cikin kaburbura an yi musu alama da itace ko abubuwa masu ban mamaki maimakon dutse, ko kuma ba su da alama. Ya ƙunshi babban kabari na wadanda ke fama da annobar mura ta 1918.

## Rarraba
Kabarin Baƙar fari a cikin makabartar yana cikin wani yanki daban daga jana'izar fararen fata. Wani shinge mai tsawon kilomita huɗu ya taɓa raba makabartar, ya raba yankuna biyu. Birnin Waco ya cire shinge a watan Yunin 2016, kodayake a lokacin ba a sake amfani da makabarta don binnewa ba saboda mallakar ƙasar da ba a san ta ba da kuma kaburbura da yawa da ba a yi musu alama ba.

## Canja wurin birni da sabuntawa
Ga yawancin tarihin Greenwood ƙungiyoyi biyu masu sa kai daban-daban sun kiyaye bangarorin biyu na makabartar. Har zuwa shekara ta 2017 Ƙungiyar Kabari ta Jama'a ta kula da gefen Black na makabartar, kuma har zuwa shekara ta 2014 Ƙungiyar Kabarin Waco Greenwood ta Gabas ta kula da fararen gefen. Saboda rashin kudade da membobin, kungiyoyin biyu sun kada kuri'a don mika mallakar makabartar ga birnin Waco a shekarar 2014.[1]￼

Jarida Bill Minutaglio ya rubuta cewa shinge "ya yi aiki a matsayin alama mai ƙarfi, mai ɗorewa na wariyar launin fata" a Waco.

A cikin 2020, ƙungiyar masu sa kai ta fara taswirar makabarta, ta yi rikodin dutsen kawuna sama da 2,000.

## Abubuwan da aka sani da binnewa

* Vivienne Malone-Mayes (1932-1995), masanin lissafi kuma farfesa
* Andy Cooper (1898-1941), ɗan wasan baseball da aka sani da "Lefty"
* Jules Bledsoe (1898-1943), mawaƙi kuma mawaƙi
* Robert Lloyd Smith (1861-1942), ɗan siyasa kuma mai fafutuka

## Manazarta
Kabari na Tsohon Ikilisiyar Baptist da Kabari na Iyali na Kilgore

Kabarin Tsohon Ikilisiyar Baptist da Kabarin Iyali na Kilgore sune makabarta biyu na tarihi a 3540 Woodruff Road, kudu maso gabashin Five Forks, South Carolina . Kabarin Kilgore yana da ragowar tsararraki da yawa na masu gonar shuka na karni na 19 a cikin iyalin Kilgore, yayin da Kabarin Tsohon Pilgrim Baptist Church wani wuri ne na binnewar Afirka da aka kafa a 1868 da tsoffin bayi na gonar Kilgore. Alamun jana'izar Kilgore sun haɗa da misalai da yawa da W.T. White ya yanke, sanannen mai yankan dutse a yankin.[1]￼

An kara makabarta a cikin National Register of Historic Places a cikin 2017. 

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin wuraren tarihi na kasa a cikin Greenville County, South Carolina

## Manazarta
Kabari na Sarki

Kabarin Sarki (38CH1590) wani kabari ne na tarihin Afirka na Amurka kusa da Adams Run, Charleston County, South Carolina, wanda ke dauke da akalla kaburbura 183. Tarihin baki ya rubuta yawan amfani da makabarta a lokacin bautar da kuma ci gaba zuwa farkon rabin karni na 20. Halaye masu banbanci sun haɗa da sanya kayan kabari, daga yumbu zuwa kwalabe zuwa kayan gida, a kan kabari da kuma amfani da kayan shuka a matsayin alamomi.

An jera makabarta a cikin National Register of Historic Places a cikin shekara ta 2000.￼

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Kabari na Freedman (Texas)

Kabarin Freedman, ko Kabarin Freemen, an kafa shi ne a 1861 a matsayin wurin binne mutanen Afirka na farko a Dallas, Texas. Ya kasance wurin binnewa mai aiki daga 1869 har zuwa 1907, wanda ke da goyon bayan tarihin Black na Garin Freeman wanda mutanen da suka kasance bayi suka kafa (garin yana da kusan mil 1 (1.6  daga Deep Ellum, Dallas). 

An rasa makabarta wani lokaci bayan gina Hanyar Tsakiya ta Arewa a tsakiyar shekarun 1940, wanda ya yanke cikin sararin samaniya.[1] Hukumomin yankin sun cire duwatsun kabarin kuma sun rufe makabarta da ciyawa don samar da wurin shakatawa na gari.[1] A lokacin rani na shekara ta 1990, an sake gano wurin binnewar Freedman's Cemetery lokacin da aka gyara wurin shakatawa; an sami wasu kaburbura 800 da aka yi alama kuma an kiyasta kaburbura 1,200 da ba a yi alama ba.[1]￼

An kirkiro bikin tunawa da Kabari na Freedman a cikin 1990, don girmama waɗanda aka binne da kuma samar da warkar da al'umma. Abin tunawa yana daga cikin yawon shakatawa na makabartar a Uptown, Dallas, kuma yana zaune kusa da Kabari na Emanu-El, Kabari na Calvary, da Kabari na Greenwood. Yana da suna a matsayin Dallas Landmark tun 1992, kuma yana daga cikin shirin Tarihin Tarihi na Jihar a Texas tun 1993. 

## Dubi kuma

* Kabari na 'yanci (disambiguation) 
* Jerin makabarta a Texas

## Manazarta