Mary Tuthill Lindheim

**Mary Tuthill Lindheim** (14 ga Fabrairu, 1912 - 30 ga Disamba, 2004), an haife ta **Mary Barbara Tuthill**, kuma an san ta da ƙwarewa a matsayin Mary Tuthill ko Mary Lindheim, ƙwararren mai sassaka ce ta Amurka kuma mai ginin tukwane .

Ta yi horo a matsayin mai sassaka tare da Ralph Stackpole da Alexander Archipenko, tana aiki a Los Angeles, Chicago, New York, da San Francisco tsakanin 1930 da 1945. Ta zama bazawara a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, ta koma aikin tukwane, tana karatu tare da Antonio Prieto a Kwalejin Fasaha da Sana'o'i ta California (yanzu Kwalejin Fasaha ta California ), kuma ta kasance mai fasaha a ɗakin studio kuma jagora a da'irar masu tukwane da masu sana'a a yankin Bay daga 1946 zuwa 1969.

A shekarar 1969, ta koma Bolinas, California, kuma a shekarar 1994, an yi mata nazari a kan ƙaramin gidan tarihi na Bolinas amma mai daraja, wanda ya farfaɗo da sunanta.

## Rayuwar farko
An haife ta a Newton, New Jersey kuma ta girma a Tucson, Arizona, inda mahaifinta ya kasance shugabar cocin Grace Episcopal, Mary Tuthill ta nuna hazaka a fannin fasaha, rubutu, da kuma wasan kwaikwayo. Rayuwar tsirrai da dabbobi ta hamada, yanayin ƙasa da launuka sun yi tasiri sosai kan kyawun gani. Aikinta na farko na fasaha, tana da shekaru 11, ƙaramin gidan adobe ne. Ta sha fama da cututtuka da dama na yara, ciki har da zazzabin typhoid, kuma an yi mata rajista a makaranta lokaci-lokaci. Malamai ne suka koyar da ita kuma tana da babban ɗakin karatu na mahaifinta. Kyawawan kyawunta ya kuma shafi tunanin ƙira da al'adun mahaifiyarta, musamman ma na kiɗa. A lokacin tana da shekaru 14, Mary Tuthill ta shiga NAACP, kuma tun daga lokacin ta kasance mai fafutukar siyasa da zamantakewa.

## Ilimin fasaha
Ta fara karatun sassaka tare da Ralph Stackpole a Makarantar Fasaha ta California (wanda yanzu ake kira San Francisco Art Institute ) a shekarar 1930.   A shekarar 1934 ta haɗu da Alexander Archipenko, wanda ya shirya mata tallafin karatu a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chouinard da ke Los Angeles. Babban baje kolin ta na farko shine wani wasan kwaikwayo na rukuni a Transigram Studios da ke Los Angeles, inda ta sami lambar yabo ta yabo. Ta ƙaura zuwa New York a ƙarshen shekarun 1930 kuma a shekarar 1938 ta yi karatu na ɗan lokaci tare da Isamu Noguchi da Jose de Creeft . Ta yi fice a fannin zane- zanen terracotta, sassaka dutse da kuma fenti kai tsaye.

## Hotunan Hotuna

Fayil:MaryTuthillLindheim-towards-unity.jpg|alt=Towards Unity, 1959/1993. Acrylic painting and stones. 49 x 29 in. Photo by Will Taylor.| *Zuwa ga Haɗin kai*, 1959/1993. Zane da duwatsu na acrylic. Hoto na Will Taylor.
Fayil:MaryTuthillLindheim-abstract-vessel.jpg|alt=Untitled abstract vessel, 1958. Clay, pit-fired, 6 × 8 in. Photo by Will Taylor.| Jirgin ruwa mai ɗauke da suna, 1958. Laka, an harba ta cikin rami, 6&nbsp;×&nbsp;Hoto na inci 8 daga Will Taylor.
Fayil:MaryTuthillLindheim-bowl-with-carnelians-inset-in-glaze.jpg|alt=Stoneware bowl with carnelians inset in glaze, 1950s. 12 in. Photo by Will Taylor.| Kwano na kayan dutse da aka yi da carnelians a cikin gilashi, shekarun 1950. Hoto na inci 12 daga Will Taylor.
Fayil:MaryTuthillLindheim-the-mothers.jpg|alt=The Mothers (a.k.a. Atomic Testing), c. 1968. Burned clay. 22 x 15 × 9 in. Photo by Will Taylor. Collection of Arizona State University Art Museum.| *Uwaye* (wanda aka fi sani *da gwajin Atomic* ), kimanin 1968. Laka da aka ƙone. 22 x 15&nbsp;×&nbsp;Hoto na inci 9 daga Will Taylor. Tarin Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Jami'ar Jihar Arizona.
Fayil:MaryTuthillLindheim-moses.jpg|alt=Moses, 1934. Terracotta, painted. 18.5 × 8 x 5 in. Photo by Will Taylor. Collection of Jay Lagemann.| *Musa*, 1934. Terracotta, an zana ta. 18.5&nbsp;×&nbsp;Hoton Will Taylor mai girman inci 8 x 5. Tarin Jay Lagemann.


## Manazarta