Dolores Albarracín

**Dolores Albarracín** ƙwararriyar masaniyar ilimin halayyar ɗan adam ce, marubuciya kuma farfesa da ke zaune a Pennsylvania . Ita Farfesa ce ta Jami'ar Penn Integrates Knowledge a Jami'ar Pennsylvania, wacce aka haɗa ta tare a Sashen Ilimin Halayyar ɗan adam a Makarantar Fasaha da Kimiyya da Makarantar Sadarwa ta Annenberg. An san ta da ayyukanta a fannonin ɗabi'a, sadarwa, da shawo kan mutane.  Gudummawar da ta bayar ta shafi fahimtar kimiyya game da muhimman hanyoyin zamantakewa da manufofin sadarwa, musamman a fannin lafiya. 

Ita ce Farfesa Dave Thomas na Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam a Jami'ar Florida kuma Farfesa a Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam a Jami'ar Illinois . Ita ce marubuciya/edita littattafai da dama, *Action and Inaction in a Social World*, *Creating Conspiracy Imani*, *Hasashen da Canjin Halin Lafiya: Aiwatar da Ka'idar Aiki Mai Ma'ana*, *The Handbook of Attitudes* . Ita ce jagora ko kuma mai haɗin gwiwa a cikin labarai sama da 200 da aka buga da babi na littattafai. Tana jagorantar Cibiyar Nazarin Halayyar Dan Adam a Jami'ar Pennsylvania. 

A shekarar 2024 an ba ta kyautar BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award a fannin "Social Sciences". 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Albarracín a La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina, a cikin iyali na masana siyasa masu himma. Ta girma a lokacin mulkin kama-karya na soja da ya danne Argentina tsawon kusan shekaru goma. Bayan ta halarci Liceo Victor Mercante a La Plata, ta sami digiri a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam daga Jami'ar Katolika ta La Plata da kuma digiri a fannin wasiku daga Jami'ar Ƙasa ta La Plata .  Daga baya, ta kammala karatun digirin digirgir a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam daga Jami'ar Belgrano. 

Martha Fishbein, masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam, ta ɗauki Albarracín aiki don halartar Jami'ar Illinois da ke Urbana Champaign, inda ta sami digirin digirgir a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Robert S. Wyer da Martin Fishbein. 

## Sana'a
Bayan kammala karatun digirin digirgir (Ph.D.) a shekarar 1997, Albarracín ta shiga Jami'ar Florida a matsayin Mataimakiyar Farfesa kuma ta hau kan muƙamin har zuwa Farfesa Dave Thomas na Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam a can har zuwa 2007, lokacin da ta fara koyarwa a Jami'ar Illinois. A shekarar 2021, ta shiga Jami'ar Pennsylvania.

Ita ce marubuciya/edita a littattafai guda biyu, *Hasashen da Canjin Halin Lafiya: Aiwatar da Ka'idar Aiki Mai Ma'ana* da kuma *Littafin Jagora na Halaye* .  Ita ce jagora ko kuma mai haɗin gwiwa a cikin littattafai sama da 150 da aka buga da babi na littattafai, kuma ta sami kyaututtuka biyu na Ci gaban Masana Kimiyya daga Cibiyar Lafiyar Hankali ta Ƙasa.  An ba ta lambar yabo ta Diener a fannin Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam da kuma lambar yabo ta Tsakiya don Gudummawar Kimiyya Mai Kyau daga Ƙungiyar Halaye da Tasirin Jama'a ta Ƙungiyar Halaye da Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam ta Jama'a. A shekarar 2022, an zaɓe ta a matsayin Harold Lasswell Fellow na Kwalejin Siyasa da Kimiyyar Zamani ta Amurka . 

Albarracín tana jagorantar Cibiyar Nazarin Ayyukan Zamani ta Jami'ar Pennsylvania. Ita ma'aikaciya ce a Ƙungiyar Nazarin Ilimin Halin Dan Adam ta Gwaji, Ƙungiyar Ilimin Halin Dan Adam ta Amurka da Ƙungiyar Kimiyyar Ilimin Halin Dan Adam . Ita ma Farfesa ce a fannin Ilimin Halin Dan Adam a Jami'ar Illinois da ke Urbana-Champaign.  Ita ce babbar edita a *mujallar Ilimin Halin Dan Adam* daga 2014-2020.  An zaɓe ta a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka a 2024. 

## Bincike
Binciken Albarracín ya mayar da hankali kan halaye da lallashi,  alaƙar da ke tsakanin niyya da hali, da kuma hasashen yanayin aiki gabaɗaya.  A farkon aikinta, ta yi bincike kan jerin abubuwan da suka faru na fahimta da kwarin gwiwa waɗanda ke shiga tsakani kan tasirin sadarwa mai gamsarwa kan halaye da halaye.  Daga baya, aikinta ya kasance don fahimtar yadda mutane ke ƙirƙirar takamaiman halaye da manufofi bisa ga bayanai da tunani na zamantakewa masu rarrabuwar kawuna. Kwanan nan, ta yi nazarin yadda niyyar ɗabi'a ke lalata ainihin aiki, hanyoyin warware bayanai marasa tushe da ka'idojin makirci, da kuma yanayin canjin halaye da yawa. 

Yawancin binciken Albarracín ya shafi fannin lafiya  ciki har da yadda za a iya hana halayen da ke haifar da haɗari ga lafiya   da kuma yadda tasirin takwarorinsu ke shafar yuwuwar shan taba.  Tsawon kusan shekaru ashirin, ta sami kuɗaɗen tallafi daga Cibiyar Lafiya ta Ƙasa don amfani da sakamakon bincikenta na ka'ida don rage cututtuka a fannin HIV, shan taba, da canjin salon rayuwa. 

### Halayya, halaye, tasirinsu da kuma shawo kansu
Albarracín ta yi bincike mai zurfi game da yadda ɗabi'a da halaye ke tasiri ta hanyar zaɓen bayyanawa, sahihancin tushe, niyya da kuma motsin rai. A farkon shekarun 2000, ta yi bincike kan tasirin masu shiga tsakani na fahimta da ƙarfafa gwiwa a cikin tasirin magana mai gamsarwa kan hali da halaye. Bincikenta ya kammala da cewa idan mutane suka sami lokacin yin tunani game da saƙo mai gamsarwa, suna samar da imani game da sakamakon ɗabi'ar da aka bayyana.  Waɗannan imani daga baya suna shafar halayensu da halayensu. A gefe guda kuma, mutane suna dogara da halayensu da halayensu bisa ga jin daɗin da suke ji a lokacin, idan ba su da isasshen lokaci don yin tunani game da abubuwan da ke cikin saƙon. Bincikenta shi ne na farko da ya yi cikakken bayani game da hanyoyin fahimta waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin mai shiga tsakani a cikin dangantakar da ke tsakanin saƙonni masu gamsarwa da hali. Wani layin bincikenta ya yi nazarin yadda tasirin tasirin martanin fahimta ga saƙon mai gamsarwa.  

Ta kuma yi nazarin tasirin magana da kai a cikin daidaita ɗabi'a. Bincikenta ya ba da fahimtar zamantakewa da fahimta game da yanayi da tasirin wannan nau'in magana. Bincikenta ya nuna cewa mutane suna magana da kansu ta amfani da sunan I, amma wani lokacin, suna kuma kiran kansu a cikin sunan mutum na biyu, kai. A cewar bincikenta, lokacin da mutane ke buƙatar jagora da sani, mutane suna kiran kansu da kai. Bugu da ƙari, ta kammala da cewa hanyar magana da kai ta mutum na biyu tana ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen tsarin kula da kai.  

A ƙarshen shekarun 1990 ta yi bincike kan yadda niyya ke sauƙaƙa ɗabi'a a cikin bincike da yawa. A shekarar 2013, ta ƙara zurfafa bincike kan batun ta hanyar bincike kan yadda niyya ke iya lalata ɗabi'a ta gaske a wasu lokutan. Binciken ya gano cewa ga gajerun ayyuka, waɗanda aka aiwatar cikin sauƙi kuma waɗanda ake maimaitawa akai-akai, ana iya tunawa da niyya a matsayin ayyukan da aka kammala ba daidai ba.

### Manufar aiki da rashin aiki gabaɗaya
Kwanan nan aikinta ya mayar da hankali kan manufofi na aiki da kuma rashin aiki. Binciken ya gano cewa mutanen da suka ƙware a kalmomin aiki suna shiga cikin halaye fiye da mutanen da suka ƙware a kalmomin rashin aiki.  Ƙungiyarta ta kuma gano cewa akwai son zuciya mai kyau da ke fifita aiki fiye da rashin aiki. Idan babu takamaiman bayanai game da inganci da yanayin ayyuka da rashin aiki, mutane suna ganin ayyuka sun fi kyau fiye da rashin aiki. Binciken yana da muhimman tasiri ga lafiyar kwakwalwa. 

### Aikace-aikace don haɓaka lafiya
Binciken Albarracín ya yi tasiri da yawa a fannin kiwon lafiya. A cikin ɗaya daga cikin bincikenta, ta binciki ingancin kamfen ɗin rigakafin cutar HIV wajen canza halaye da halaye. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa saƙonnin da aka isar da su masu jan hankali a cikin irin waɗannan kamfen suna ƙara wa masu sauraro ilimin game da cutar HIV. Duk da haka, ba sa kawo wani canji a ainihin halayen mutane. A cewar binciken, shirye-shirye masu aiki da rikitarwa waɗanda ke ƙarfafa ƙwarewar ɗabi'a suna da tasiri.

Albarracín ta kuma yi bincike kan ingancin kamfen ɗin shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke amfani da roƙon tsoro don hana wasu halaye. Bincikenta ya nuna tasirin tsoro mai kyau akan niyya da hali, musamman idan saƙon ya ƙarfafa ƙarfin kai.  Bincikenta ya kuma nuna cewa alkiblar shawarwarin halaye yana da mahimmanci a yadda shirin kiwon lafiya zai yi tasiri. A cewar bincikenta, tsoma baki a cikin halaye daban-daban inda alkiblar shawarwarin ta kasance iri ɗaya sun fi tasiri. Don haka shirin da ke buƙatar aiki da rashin aiki ba zai yi tasiri ba fiye da shirin da ke buƙatar ayyuka biyu ko rashin aiki biyu. 

## Littattafan tarihi

### Littattafai

* *Littafin Jagorar Halayya* (2005) 
* *Hasashen da Canjin Halayyar Lafiya: Amfani da Ka'idar Tsarin Aiki Mai Hankali* (2007) 

### Labarai na mujallu da aka zaɓa

* *Tasirin Ɗabi'un Abokan Hulɗa A Matsayin Aikin Kusa da Jama'a: Nazarin Tasirin Al'ada Kan Fara Shan Sigari da Ci Gaba da Matasa* (2017)
* *Daga Tsarin Manufofi zuwa Aiki: Nazarin Meta-Nazari na Tasirin Halayya na Kalmomin da Aka Gabatar da Ba zato ba tsammani* (2015)
* *Ra'ayin Tsoro: Nazarin Meta na Ingancin Ra'ayin Tsoro da Ka'idoji* (2015)
* *Halaye marasa abubuwa: shaida ga halin ɗabi'a, aunawa, da sakamakonsa.* (2013)
* *Raba Hankali: Lokacin da Kai da nake Magana da shi shine Ni kuma Yana Bukatar Umarni.* (2012)
* *Lokacin Yin Aiki Ba Lokaci Ne Na Sauyi Ba: Tasirin Manufofin Aiki Gabaɗaya da Rashin Aiki Kan Dawo da Halayya da Sauyin Halayya* (2011)
* *Jin An Tabbatar da Gaskiya Ko Kuma Daidai: Nazarin Zaɓaɓɓun Bayanan da Aka Bayyana* (2009)
* *Tasirin Ƙarfafa Nasara da Nasara na Dogon Lokaci Yana Bunƙasa Kan Kunna Nasara da Manufofin Nishaɗi* (2009)
* *Wa Ke Shiga Cikin Wadanne Shirye-shiryen Inganta Lafiya? Nazarin Kwatanta na Abubuwan Da Suka Jawo Hankalin Shiga da Rikewa a Tsarin Rigakafin Cutar Kanjamau* (2007) 

## Manazarta