Yanayin yanayi na Arewacin Carolina

Yanayin Arewacin Carolina ya bambanta sosai daga Tekun Atlantika a gabas zuwa tsaunin Appalachian a yamma.  Duwatsu sukan yi aiki a matsayin "garkuwa", suna toshe ƙananan yanayin zafi da guguwa daga Kanada da Midwest daga shiga Piedmont da Coastal Plain na Arewacin Carolina..

Yawancin jihar suna da Yanayin zafi mai zafi (Köppen climate classification *Cfa*), sai dai a cikin tsaunuka mafi girma na Appalachians waɗanda ke da yanayin subtropical highland (Köpp *Cfb*).

Yankunan Hardness na USDA na jihar sun kasance daga Yankin 5B (-15 ° F zuwa -10 ° F) a cikin duwatsu zuwa Yankin 9A (20 ° F zuwa 25 ° F) tare da sassan gabashin bakin teku.

Ga mafi yawan yankuna na Arewacin Carolina, yanayin zafi a watan Yuli a lokacin rana kusan  ° F (32 ° C). A watan Janairu, matsakaicin yanayin zafi na rana na iya bambanta a fadin jihar, daga kimanin 40 ° F (4 ° C) a cikin tsaunuka mafi girma na Appalachians, kusa da 50 ° F (10 ° C) na yankin Piedmont, zuwa kusan 60 ° F (16 ° C) tare da yankunan kudu maso gabashin gabar jihar.

## Ruwan sama
Akwai matsakaicin inci 45 na ruwan sama a shekara (50 inci a yankunan tsaunuka). Guguwar Yuli tana da alhakin yawancin wannan hazo. Kusan kashi 15 cikin dari na ruwan sama a lokacin zafi a Arewacin Carolina ana iya danganta shi da guguwa na wurare masu zafi. Duwatsun yamma yawanci suna ganin dusar ƙanƙara tsakanin Nuwamba da Maris. Iska mai laushi daga kudu maso yamma ya sauka da matsakaicin inci 80 (2,000  na hazo a gefen yammacin tsaunuka, yayin da gangaren da ke fuskantar arewa maso gabas ke ƙasa da rabin wannan adadin.

### Snow

Ana ganin dusar ƙanƙara a Arewacin Carolina akai-akai a cikin tsaunuka.  Arewacin Carolina yana matsakaicin inci 5 (mm 130) na dusar ƙanƙara a kowane lokacin hunturu.  Koyaya, wannan ya bambanta sosai a duk faɗin jihar.  A gefen tekun, yawancin wuraren yin rajistar ƙasa da inci 2 (51 mm) a kowace shekara yayin da babban birnin jihar, Raleigh, ke da matsakaicin inci 6.0 (mm 150 mm).  Nisa zuwa yamma a cikin Piedmont-Triad, matsakaicin yana girma zuwa kusan inci 9 (230 mm).  Matsakaicin yankin Charlotte kusan inci 5.0 (mm130 mm).  Garin Boone, North Carolina, wanda yake a tsayin ƙafa 3,333 a arewa maso yammacin jihar, yana samun kusan inci 25 (635 mm) na saukar dusar ƙanƙara a shekara.[1]  Duwatsun da ke yamma suna aiki a matsayin shinge, suna hana yawancin guguwar dusar ƙanƙara shiga Piedmont.  Lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta wuce tsaunuka, yawanci tana da haske kuma ba kasafai ake yin ta ba har tsawon kwanaki biyu ko uku.  Koyaya, guguwa da yawa sun sauke inci 18 (460 mm) ko fiye na dusar ƙanƙara a cikin wurare masu zafi na yau da kullun.  Guguwar Karni ta 1993 wacce ta dade daga 11 ga Maris zuwa 15 ga Maris ta shafi yankunan Kanada zuwa Amurka ta Tsakiya, kuma ta kawo dusar kankara ta musamman zuwa Arewacin Carolina.  Newfound Gap ya sami fiye da inci 36 (0.91 m) na dusar ƙanƙara tare da ɗigo sama da ƙafa 5 (1.5 m), yayin da Dutsen Mitchell ya auna sama da ƙafa 4 (1.2 m) na dusar ƙanƙara tare da ɗigon ruwa zuwa ƙafa 14 (4.3 m).[2]  Yawancin yankin arewa maso yammacin jihar sun sami wani wuri tsakanin ƙafa biyu (0.61 m) da ƙafa 3 (0.91 m) na dusar ƙanƙara.

Wani gagarumin saukar dusar ƙanƙara ya faɗo yankin Raleigh a cikin Janairu 2000 lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗi sama da inci 20 (510 mm).[1]  Haka kuma an yi wani babban dusar ƙanƙara mai faɗin inci 18 (460 mm) wanda ya faɗo yankin Wilmington a ranar 22-23 ga Disamba, 1989. Wannan guguwar ta shafi gabar tekun Kudu maso Gabashin Amurka kawai, har zuwa kudu da Savannah, Georgia, ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba da aka auna yammacin I-95.  Yawancin manyan dusar ƙanƙara da ke tasiri yankunan gabashin tsaunuka sun fito ne daga mahaukaciyar guguwa mai zafi wanda ke zuwa daga kudu a fadin Georgia da South Carolina kuma ya tashi daga gabar Arewa ko Kudancin Carolina.  Waɗannan guguwa yawanci suna jefa danshin Gulf ko Atlantic akan iska mai sanyi a matakin ƙasa, yawanci suna motsawa zuwa kudu daga babban matsin Arctic akan jihohin Arewa maso Gabas ko New England.  Idan guguwa ta yi nisa sosai zuwa gabas, dusar ƙanƙara za ta iyakance zuwa gabashin jihar (kamar yadda yake tare da Disamba 22-23, 1989, haɗari, da Janairu 4, 2018, guguwar da ta bar inci 4 a Cape Hatteras, amma kusan babu dusar ƙanƙara a cikin yankunan Arewacin Carolina).  Idan guguwar ta yi tafiya kusa da bakin teku, za a ja iska mai dumi zuwa gabashin Arewacin Carolina saboda karuwar kwararar ruwa daga Tekun Atlantika mai zurfi, yana kawo layin ruwan sama / dusar ƙanƙara a cikin ƙasa tare da dusar ƙanƙara mai nauyi da aka iyakance zuwa Piedmont, tuddai da tsaunuka, kamar yadda aka yi a ranar 22 ga Janairu, 1987, hadari wanda ya faɗi inci 6 a Charlotte.  Idan guguwar ta bi cikin gida zuwa gabashin Arewacin Carolina, layin ruwan sama/ dusar ƙanƙara yana tsakanin Raleigh da Greensboro.[2]

## Guguwa mai zafi

Da yake tare da Tekun Atlantika, guguwa da yawa da ke fitowa daga Tekun Caribbean suna tafiya tare da Gabashin Gabashin Amurka, suna wucewa ta Arewacin Carolina.

A ranar 15 ga Oktoba, 1954, Guguwar Hazel ta buge Arewacin Carolina, a wannan lokacin guguwa ce ta Category 4 a cikin Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. Hazel ya haifar da mummunar lalacewa saboda iskarsa mai ƙarfi. Wani tashar yanayi a Tsibirin Oak ya ba da rahoton matsakaicin iska mai ɗorewa na mil 140 a kowace awa (230 km / h), yayin da a Raleigh iska ta mil 90 a kowace awa (140 km / h) an auna. Guguwar ta haifar da mutuwar mutane 19 da  mummunar lalacewa. Mutum daya a Long Beach ya yi iƙirarin cewa "daga cikin gine-gine 357 da suka wanzu a garin, 352 sun lalace gaba ɗaya kuma sauran biyar sun lalace". An bayyana Hazel a matsayin "guguwa mafi muni a tarihin Arewacin Carolina" a cikin rahoton 1989. Hazel ya kasance guguwa ce kawai ta Category 4 da ta taɓa sauka a Arewacin Carolina.

A cikin 1996, Guguwar Fran ta sauka a Arewacin Carolina a matsayin guguwa ta Category 3. Fran ya haifar da mummunar lalacewar iska da ambaliyar ruwa. Matsakaicin saurin iska na Fran ya kasance mil 115 a kowace awa (185 km / h), yayin da bakin tekun Arewacin Carolina ya ga hauhawar ƙafa 8 (2.4  zuwa ƙafa 12 (3.7  sama da matakin teku. Adadin lalacewar da Fran ya haifar ya kasance daga $ 1.275 zuwa $ 2 biliyan a Arewacin Carolina.

A cikin 2018, guguwar Florence ta yi kasa a Arewacin Carolina a matsayin guguwa mai lamba 1.  Ko da yake guguwar da ba ta da iyaka a faɗuwar ƙasa dangane da saurin iskar, jinkirin motsin Florence da ke kaiwa da kuma bin faɗuwar ƙasa ya ba da gudummawa ga dagewar da ake yi na ruwan sama a kan Arewacin Carolina tsakanin Wilmington da Elizabethtown.  Horar da igiyoyin ruwan sama a kan wurare guda ya haifar da tarin ruwan sama da ya wuce inci 30 (760 mm), kuma yawan ruwan sama ya wuce inci 10 (250 mm) a kan yawancin kudu maso gabas da kudu-ta-tsakiyar Arewacin Carolina.  An yi rikodin yawan ruwan sama mai girman inci 35.93 (913 mm) a nisan mil 7 (kilomita 11) arewa maso yammacin Elizabethtown, wanda ya kafa sabon tarihi na yawan ruwan sama da aka samu sakamakon guguwar yanayi mai zafi.  Haduwar barnar guguwar Floyd da guguwar Matthew a jihar, a cewar gwamna Roy Cooper.  Kiyasin asarar inshora a Arewacin Carolina ya kai tsakanin dalar Amurka biliyan 2.8-5.[2]  Ambaliyar ruwa mai alaka da guguwar ta lalata kusan gine-gine 75,000, wadanda da yawa daga cikinsu guguwar Matthew ta lalata su a baya shekaru biyu kacal.

A cikin 2024, guguwar Helene ta yi mummunar tasiri a Arewacin Carolina, musamman a yankinta na yammacin Appalachian, wanda ya haifar da mutuwar sama da 100 da kuma lalata abubuwan more rayuwa da wuraren zama a cikin larduna da yawa.[1]  Bayan yin kasa a yankin Big Bend na Florida a ranar 27 ga Satumba, guguwar ta fara ratsa ƙasa a fadin Georgia a matsayin guguwa ta 2 [2] da kuma cikin tsaunin Appalachian a matsayin hadari mai zafi mai zafi, yana kawo rikodi na ruwan sama ga yawancin al'ummomi a yammacin Arewacin Carolina, ciki har da Asheville, Boone, Chimney Rock, Lakewannan Lure, Lansing, da kuma Lake Montan, Lansing..

A sakamakon ruwan sama na tarihi, koguna da yawa a yankin sun cika kuma sun mamaye dukkan al'ummomi, suna lalata gidaje da ababen more rayuwa, da kuma yanke wutar lantarki da sabis na sadarwa a cikin yankuna da yawa na dogon lokaci. Bugu da kari, an rushe madatsun ruwa da yawa kuma laka ya faru a duk fadin yankin, yana kara lalacewar da ke akwai.

A cewar masanin yanayi Ben Noll, guguwar Helene ta sake fitar da danshi kusan sau 1.5 a yammacin North Carolina fiye da duk wani abin da ya faru a baya da aka yi rikodin a yankin, tare da kiyasin jigilar jigilar tururi na ~ 3,000 kilos a kowace mita a sakan daya.  Helene ta zarce rikodin da ya gabata na 1,883 kg/m/s.  An yi la'akari da adadin danshi da ruwan sama da aka ajiye a yankin na musamman saboda wurin da yake cikin kasa, nesa da gabar Gabas da gabar Tekun Fasha.f.

Ofishin Yanayi na Jihar North Carolina a Jami'ar Jihar North Caroline ya ba da rahoton cewa Tashar yanayi ta Mount Mitchell ta rubuta  a (620  na ruwan sama. Ofishin ya kira jimlar a matsayin "daga sigogi", yana kwatanta shi da  in (420  na ruwan sama yana da ambaliyar ruwa sau ɗaya a cikin shekara 1,000 ga yankin. Filin jirgin saman yankin Asheville ya rubuta  in (492  na ruwan sama kafin gazawar sadarwa. Wani tashar kula da gandun daji ta Arewacin Carolina ya rubuta karɓar  a (796  na ruwan sama daga Satumba 25 zuwa Satumba 27, yana buƙatar ƙarin tabbatarwa.

### Ruwan sama
Ruwan sama kamar da bakin kwarya yana tare da guguwa mai zafi da ragowarsu wadanda ke tafiya arewa maso gabas daga gabar tekun Mexico, da kuma cikin kasa daga yammacin tekun Atlantika.  A cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata, guguwar mafi zafi da ta afkawa jihar ita ce guguwar Florence a watan Satumbar 2018, wadda ta yi kasa da inci 35 (mm) na ruwan sama a arewa maso yammacin Elizabethtown.  A lokacin guguwa Hazel da Fran, babban ƙarfin halaka ya kasance daga hazo.  Kafin guguwar Floyd ta isa North Carolina, tuni jihar ta samu ruwan sama mai yawa daga guguwar Dennis kasa da makonni biyu kafin Floyd.  Wannan ya cika da yawa daga cikin yammacin Arewacin Carolina kuma ya ba da damar ruwan sama mai karfi daga Hurricane Floyd ya zama ambaliya.  Fiye da mutane 35 sun mutu daga Floyd.[1]  A cikin tsaunuka, guguwar Frances na Satumba 2004 ta kusan jika, ta kawo sama da inci 23 (580 mm) na ruwan sama zuwa Dutsen Mitchell.

## Yanayi mai tsanani
A mafi yawan shekaru, babbar asarar tattalin arziki da ta shafi yanayi a Arewacin Carolina saboda mummunan yanayi da aka haifar da tsawa ta lokacin rani. Wadannan guguwa suna shafar yankuna masu iyaka, tare da ƙanƙara da iska suna da asarar shekara-shekara sama da dala miliyan 5.

Arewacin Carolina yana da matsakaicin guguwa 31 a shekara, tare da Mayu yawanci yana ganin mafi yawan guguwa na kowane wata, tare da matsakaitan 5. Yuni, Yuli da Agusta duk suna da matsakaicin guguwa 3. Matsakaicin a watan Satumba yana ƙaruwa dan kadan, yana da matsakaicin 4. Daga Satumba zuwa farkon Nuwamba, Arewacin Carolina na iya fuskantar ƙananan yanayi amma mai tsanani. Duk da yake mummunan yanayi yawanci yana faruwa daga Maris zuwa Mayu, guguwa ta taɓa Arewacin Carolina a kowane wata na shekara. A ranar 28 ga Nuwamba, 1988, wata guguwa ta F4 da sassafe ta fashe a arewa maso yammacin Raleigh, ta ci gaba da mil 84, ta kashe 4 kuma ta ji rauni 157. A ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, 2020, guguwa mai tsanani ta mamaye Arewacin Carolina, tare da guguwa da ta fara a Rowan County, arewacin Charlotte. yayin da yake tafiya zuwa arewa, saurin iska ya kai kilomita 30 a kowace awa. Da karfe 4:00 na yamma lokacin yankin, mutane 100,000 ba su da wutar lantarki kuma gargadi na ambaliyar ruwa ya fara aiki ga yawancin yankin saboda ruwan sama mai yawa. Bayan taron farko, agogon ambaliyar ruwa ya ci gaba da aiki har zuwa ranar 13 ga Fabrairu sakamakon wuraren da aka cika.

## Canje-canje

Ana sa ran bakin tekun Arewacin Carolina zai tashi tsakanin ƙafa ɗaya zuwa huɗu a cikin ƙarni na gaba saboda haɗuwa da teku mai zafi, narkewar kankara, da raguwar ƙasa. Yanayin zafi a Arewacin Carolina ya tashi tun lokacin Juyin Juya Halin Masana'antu. A cikin shekaru 100 da suka gabata, matsakaicin zafin jiki a Chapel Hill ya karu da 1.2 ° F (0.7 ° C) kuma hazo a wasu sassan jihar ya karu da kashi 5. A kusa da shekara ta 2080, "zafin jiki na iya tashi sama da 95 ° F kusan kwanaki 20 zuwa 40 a kowace shekara a mafi yawan jihar, idan aka kwatanta da kimanin kwanaki 10 a kowace shekara" a cikin 2016.

## Yanayin yanayi

### Lokacin hunturu
A cikin hunturu, Arewacin Carolina yana da kariya ta Dutsen Appalachian zuwa yamma. Yankunan sanyi daga Kanada yawanci suna raguwa da ƙarfi ta hanyar duwatsu. Koyaya, wani lokaci iska mai sanyi na iya motsawa daga arewa ko arewa maso gabas, gabashin Dutsen Appalachian, daga tsarin matsin lamba na Arctic wanda ke zaune a Arewa maso gabas ko jihohin New England. Sauran barkewar polar da Arctic na iya haye duwatsu kuma ya tilasta yanayin zafi ya sauka zuwa kusan  ° F (-11 ° C) a tsakiyar North Carolina. Duk da haka, yanayin zafi a ƙasa da digiri na Fahrenheit yana da matukar wuya a waje da duwatsu. Mafi sanyi da aka taɓa yin rikodin zafin jiki a Arewacin Carolina ya kasance -34 ° F (-37 ° C) a ranar 21 ga Janairu, 1985, a Dutsen Mitchell. Yanayin hunturu a bakin tekun ya fi sauƙi saboda tasirin zafi na Tekun Atlantika da Gulf Stream. Matsakaicin zafin teku a Southport a watan Janairu har yanzu ya fi matsakaicin zabin teku a Maine a watan Yuli. Snow ya zama ruwan dare a cikin duwatsu, kodayake yawancin wuraren shakatawa na kankara suna amfani da kayan aikin yin dusar ƙanƙara don tabbatar da cewa koyaushe akwai dusar ƙara a ƙasarsu. Rashin zafi na Arewacin Carolina ya fi girma a cikin hunturu.

### Lokacin bazara
Wataƙila guguwa tana cikin bazara. Manyan barkewar guguwa sun shafi sassan gabashin North Carolina a ranar 28 ga Maris, 1984, da 16 ga Afrilu, 2011. Watan Mayu yana fuskantar mafi girman hauhawar yanayin zafi. A lokacin bazara, akwai kwanaki masu dumi da dare masu sanyi a Piedmont. Yanayin zafi yana da ɗan sanyi a cikin duwatsu kuma yana da dumi, musamman da dare, kusa da bakin teku. Rashin zafi na Arewacin Carolina ya fi ƙasa a cikin bazara.

Arewacin Carolina yana fuskantar yanayin zafi na lokacin rani. Wani lokaci, iska mai sanyi, mai bushe daga arewa zai mamaye Arewacin Carolina na ɗan gajeren lokaci, tare da yanayin zafi da sauri. Ya kasance mai sanyi a tsaunuka masu tsawo, tare da matsakaicin zafin lokacin rani a Dutsen Mitchell yana kwance a  ° F (20 ° C). Yanayin safiya yana da matsakaicin 20 ° F (12 ° C) ƙasa da yanayin rana, sai dai a gefen Tekun Atlantika. Babban asarar tattalin arziki daga mummunan yanayi a Arewacin Carolina saboda tsawa mai tsanani ne a lokacin rani, kodayake yawanci suna buga kananan yankuna ne kawai. Guguwa ta wurare masu zafi na iya tasiri ga jihar a lokacin rani. Fogs kuma suna da yawa a lokacin rani.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Fall shine mafi saurin canza yanayin zafi, musamman a watan Oktoba da Nuwamba. Guguwa ta wurare masu zafi ta kasance barazana har zuwa ƙarshen kakar. Ana ziyartar Dutsen Appalachian akai-akai a wannan lokacin na shekara, saboda ganyayyaki suna canza launi a cikin bishiyoyi.

### Kudancin Oscillation
A lokacin abubuwan da suka faru na El Niño, yanayin hunturu da farkon bazara sun fi sanyi fiye da matsakaici tare da sama da matsakaicin ruwan sama a sassan tsakiya da gabashin jihar da kuma yanayin bushe a yammacin. La Niña yawanci yana kawo zafi fiye da matsakaicin yanayin zafi tare da sama da matsakaitan ruwan sama a yammacin jihar yayin da yankunan tsakiya da na bakin teku suka bushe fiye da matsakaici.

## Bayanan yanayi
 

## Manazarta