Aziza Amir

**Aziza Amir** (    ; 17 Disamban shekarar 1901 - 28 Fabrairun shekarar 1952) jarumar Finafinai ƴar ƙasar Masar, kuma mai rubuta fim. Tana da matsayi na almara a cikin fim ɗin Masar. Ita ce matar farko ga Mahmoud Zulfikar.

## AzizaRayuwar farko da aiki
An haifi Aziza Amir **Mofida Mohamed Ghoneim** a Damiettia, Masar a ranar 17 ga Disamban shekarata 1901.  Amir ta tafi makaranta a Hosn El Massarat dake kan titin Mohamed Ali. Mahaifinta ya yi aiki a teku don ciyar da iyalinta.  Amir ta canza sunanta saboda yadda al'ummar Masar suke kallon matan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma yadda hakan zai yi illa ga mutuncin danginta.  Bayan juyin juya hali na 1919 matakan makamashi na mata ya tashi kuma suna so su kawo canji. Amir ya fara wasan kwaikwayo a gidan wasan kwaikwayo.  Daga nan sai Aziza ta dauki mataki ta fara aiki a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo. Ta taka rawar ƴar Napoleon a kan mataki, kuma ta haka ne ta hadu da mijinta na farko Ahmed El Sheirei, wanda shi ne magajin garin Samalout.

Ta shiga ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta "Ramsis" a 1925.  Ta yi aiki a gidan wasan kwaikwayo har zuwa 1935, lokacin da ta yanke shawarar mayar da hankalinta kan fina-finai.  Bayan shekaru a cikin kasuwancin gidan wasan kwaikwayo ta yanke shawarar shiga kasuwancin silima, Ta fito cikin abin da masana za su iya cewa fim ɗin Masar na farko da aka taɓa yin *Laila* (1927)  ya fito a ranar 16 ga Nuwamba 1927. Sakin *Laila* (1927) ya biyo bayan matsaloli daban-daban da Daraktanta na Turkiyya Wadad Orfi da furodusoshi na Jamus. Akwai rikice-rikice yayin da ake yin fim ɗin kuma, sakamakon haka, Orfi ya maye gurbin Stephane Rosti .  Kafafen yada labarai da dangin Amir a lokacin da *aka saki Laila sun* yi adawa da shigarta a fim din; *Laila taci* gaba da samun nasara. 

A cikin 1933, ta rubuta, ba da umarni, da fitowa a cikin *Biyan Zunubanku* (1933).  

Masana'antar fina-finai ta Masar ta fara bunkasuwa a shekarun 1940; Amir ya fara rubuta karin wasan kwaikwayo a sakamakon haka. A ƙarshe za ta sami rubutattun ƙididdiga goma sha bakwai ga sunanta. 

Amir tana da ƴar riƙo Amira wadda ta yi aiki tare da ita a cikin fim ɗin *‘yata* (1944). 

Amir za ta fito kuma ta fito da jimillar fina-finai ashirin da biyar a rayuwarta. 

Haka kuma Amir ya taka rawa a fim din *Fattah min Istanbul* (1928) wanda ba shi da rai, kuma ya taka rawar Brezka a cikin fim din *Ahl El Kahf.*

Amir ya shiga harkar fim ya zauna ya kuma yi aiki a bangarori daban-daban na shirya fina-finai, walau furodusa, ‘yar wasa ko darakta. Ta shirya wani fim game da gwagwarmayar Falasdinu tare da mijinta Mohamed Zul Fokar da Soad Mohamed a kan gaba. An ambato Talaat Harb yana cewa "ta samu abin da maza ba su samu ba." Taha Hussein tace "ta mallaki muryar zinare." 

Amir ya gabatar da wani rawa da shahararren dan rawa Bamba Kashar ya yi a *Laila* (1927)  Har ila yau, an saka raye-raye a cikin daruruwan wakokin wakokin Masarawa wadanda suka biyo bayan wannan fim ɗin. Amir ta ci gaba da taka rawa a fina-finan kusan dozin biyu, yawancinsu mijinta ne, jarumin darakta Mahmoud Zoulficar. Akwai wasu mahawara a kan ko Amir ne ya ba da umarni a fina-finan biyu wanda a wasu lokuta ake ba ta kyautar darakta, *Bint al-Nıˆl /The Girl from the Nile* (1929) da *Kaffirıˆ 'an khati'atik / Atone for Your Sins* (1933), amma abin da ya tabbata shi ne ta shirya mafi yawan fina-finan da ta fito ta hanyar kamfanin shirya fina-finan nata, Isis Films. Ta kasance mai ƙwazo a matsayinta na jagorar ƴan wasan kwaikwayo da furodusa har zuwa rasuwarta tana da shekaru hamsin da ɗaya, lokacin da ta rasu daga rashin lafiyan da ba a bayyana ba.  

## Siyasa da harkar fim
Tare da sakin *Laila*, a cikin shekarun 1920 lokacin da Masar ke kafa ƙafafu da kuma ginawa a matsayin al'ummarta, dabam da 'yan mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya, tunanin kishin ƙasa da abin da ya dace ya tashi sama kuma jama'a suna fatan ganin wani fim na Masar. Sai dai ba wannan ne dalilin da ya sa Amir ya maye gurbin daraktan Turkiyya Wadad Orfi da Stephane Rosti ba, sai dai kokarin da ya yi na wani shirin fim ya yi barna. An nuna fim ɗin *Laila* (1927) a cikin gidan sarki ga Sarki Fuuad, fim ɗin "Masar" wanda ya dace da lokaci kuma mai ban sha'awa don ɗauka a cikin allo.  Yayin da Saad Zaghloul ya zama firaminista kuma sabon kundin tsarin mulkin ya fitar da cewa dukkan maza da mata suna daidai da yadda suke yi wa kasarsu hidima, hakan ya kara wa mata da yawa jin dadin zama na kasa da kasa baki daya. Matsayin Amir a cikin fim din *Laila* bai wuce kawai rawar da ya taka ba amma ya yi kokarin gyara tsohuwar al'ada tare da wanda ya fi dacewa da zamani, inda ya nuna halin da ake ciki a yankunan karkara tare da haɗawa da halin da ya fi dacewa da tushen fir'auna ta hanyar nuna mata a cikin sahara na Saqarra. . Yayin da kasar ke kokawa da asalinta da kuma mayar da kasashen yammaci da kuma jawaban ra'ayin mazan jiya da suka sabawa ra'ayin 'yanci, wasan da Aziza Amir ta yi a cikin fim dinta *Laila* har yanzu abin lura ne kuma an ambace ta a matsayin fim din Masar na farko da aka taba yi. 

## Ƙaunar mata
Yayin da Masar ke gwagwarmaya don gina asalinta, mutane ba su san ko za su yi riko da tsohuwar al'adunsu ba ko kuma sabo. Ƙungiyoyi irin su Feminism sun bayyana a Masar amma a cikin irinsa. Masarawa sun zaɓi su mai da hankali kan ikon mata da matsayinsu a cikin gida da kuma haɓaka ƙarfin kishin ƙasa musamman a cikin gida. A cikin jan hankalin al'adun da suka shafi dangi na tsarin dangin Larabawa, mata na Masar sun nuna kansu a matsayin keɓantacce kuma ba a shigo da su daga sauran ƙungiyoyin ƴantar da mata na ƙasashen waje ba. Asalin Amir wanda yake a waje da hoton mata na al'ada na yunƙurin ginawa duk da haka ba a yi la'akari da shi ba saboda kalamanta da suka mai da hankali kan haihuwa da kuma ra'ayin kallon "Masar a matsayin iyali." A daya bangaren kuma, Amir ta zanta da kaifin basirar da ta yi game da matsayinta na mace kuma mai shirya fina-finai ta hanyar wayo ta yin amfani da kalaman da aka fada a baya wajen baiwa kanta 'yancin kai ta hanyar cewa "Ina da 'ya daya kuma ita ce Cinema ta Masar". Ta karkatar da tattaunawar kasa da jigogin haihuwa, inda ta karfafa matsayinta na mace mai aiki a harkar fim.  Ana yawan kiran Amir a matsayin "mahaifiyar silima ta Masar." 

## Fina-finai

### A matsayin jaruma

* *Laila* (1927)
* *Daughter of the Nile* (1929)
* *Istanbul* sokaklarinda (1931)
* *Pay for Your Sins* (1933)
* *His Highness Wishes to Marry* (1936)
* *The Apple Seller* (1940)
* *El warsha* (1941)
* *Wedding Night* (1942)
* *Ibn al-Balad* (1943)
* *The Urchin* (1943)
* *Valley of Stars* (1943)
* *The Magic Hat* (1944)
* *My Daughter* (1945)
* *Money* (1945)
* *The Return of the Magic Hat* (1946)
* *The Unknown Singer* (1946)
* *All is Well with the World* (1946)
* *A Candle Is Burning* (1946)
* *Hadaya* (1947)
* *Above the Clouds* (1948)
* *Everyone is Singing* (1948)
* *Nadia* (1949)
* *Fate and Fortune* (1951)

### A matsayin marubuciya

* *Pay for Your Sins* (1933)
* *The Workshop* (1940)
* *El warsha* (1941)
* *Ibn al-Balad*' (1942)
* *The Urchin* (1943)
* *The Magic Hat* (1944)
* *My Daughter* (1944)
* *Hadaya* (1947)
* *Above the Clouds* (1948)
* *A Girl from Palestine* (1948)
* *My Father Deceived Me* (1951)

### A matsayin furodusa

* *Laila* (1927)
* *Pay for your Sins* (1933)
* *My Daughter* (1945)
* *Hadaya* (1947)
* *Everyone Is Singing* (1948)
* *Above the Clouds* (1948)
* *Virtue for Sale* (1950)
* *My Father Deceived Me* (1951)

### A matsayin darakta

* *Daughter of the Nilu* (1927)
* *Pay for your sins* (1933)

## Nassoshi