Ofishin Gudanar da Makamashi na Tekun

**Ofishin Gudanar da Makamashi na Tekun** (**BOEM**) hukuma ce a cikin Ma'aikatar Cikin Gida ta Amurka, wacce aka kafa a cikin 2010 ta hanyar Dokar Sakatariyar.

A ranar 19 ga Mayu, 2010, Sakataren Cikin Gida Ken Salazar ya sanya hannu kan Dokar Sakatariyar da ta raba Ma'aikatar Gudanar da Ma'adanai (MMS) zuwa ƙungiyoyi uku masu zaman kansu: BOEM, Ofishin Tsaro da Kula da Muhalli, da Ofishin Haraji na Halitta. Dokar da ta fi muhimmanci ga BOEM ita ce Dokar Kasuwancin Kasuwanci (OCS) don sauƙaƙe hayar gwamnatin tarayya na albarkatun ma'adanai da albarkatun makamashi. 

Baya ga Dokar Yankin OCS, Dokar Yankin Ruwa (SLA) ta 1953 ta ba da dama ga jihohin da ke cikin ruwa ga albarkatun ƙasa na ƙasashen da ke cikin teku zuwa ba fiye da kilomita 3 ba (kilomita 5.6) a cikin Atlantic, Pacific, Tekun Arctic, da Tekun Mexico. Abinda kawai ya bambanta shi ne Texas da yammacin gabar Florida, inda ikon jihar ya shimfiɗa daga bakin tekun zuwa ba fiye da 3 marine leagues (16.2 km) zuwa cikin Gulf of Mexico.

## Aikin
Manufar BOEM ita ce "management of US Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) makamashi, ma'adinai, da albarkatun ƙasa ta hanyar muhalli da tattalin arziki".

### Makamashi na waje
Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) muhimmiyar tushe ce ta mai da iskar gas don samar da makamashi ga ƙasar. Ya zuwa ranar 1 ga Mayu, 2021, BOEM ta gudanar da kusan 2,287 mai aiki da gas a kan kimanin 12.1 miliyan OCS acres. 

A cikin shekara ta 2009, Ma'aikatar Cikin Gida ta ba da sanarwar ka'idoji na ƙarshe don Shirin Sabuntawa na Ƙasar (OCS), wanda Dokar Manufofin Makamashi ta 2005 (EPAct) ta ba da izini. Wadannan ka'idoji suna samar da tsari don bayar da hayar, ba da izini da haƙƙin hanya don ayyukan OCS waɗanda ke tallafawa samarwa da watsa makamashi daga wasu hanyoyin da ba man fetur da iskar gas ba. 

### Ma'adanai na ruwa
BOEM ita ce kawai hukumar tarayya da ke da ikon hayar ma'adanai na ruwa daga OCS, gami da amsa buƙatun kasuwanci don ma'adinai na OCS kamar zinariya, manganese, ko wasu ma'adarai masu wuya. 

### Tsayar da carbon
Tsayar da carbon (CS) yana nufin tsari na adana carbon dioxide da aka kama (CO2) wanda ke haifar da raguwar CO2 a cikin yanayi. Ayyukan ƙwaƙwalwar carbon na iya ɗaukar nau'o'i da yawa. Ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan ajiya na dogon lokaci shine allurar CO2 da aka kama a cikin tsarin ƙasa mai dacewa. 

A ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, 2021, an sanya hannu kan Dokar Zuba Jari da Ayyuka ta Infrastructure kuma ta ba Ma'aikatar Cikin Gida ikon ba da hayar, ba da izini, ko haƙƙin hanya a kan Shelf na Kasashen Waje (OCS) don ƙwacewar carbon dioxide na dogon lokaci wanda in ba haka ba zai shiga cikin yanayi kuma ya ba da gudummawa don ci gaba da canjin yanayi. BOEM tana aiki tare da Ofishin Tsaro da Kula da Muhalli (BSEE) a kan daftarin doka don aiwatar da wannan iko a kan ayyukan OCS CS. 

### Nazarin muhalli
Shirin muhalli na BOEM yana tabbatar da cewa kariya ta muhalli muhimmiyar mahimmanci ce a cikin yanke shawara na BOEM.

BOEM tana amfani da kimiyya da doka don sanar da nazarin muhalli, gudanar da shawarwari, da tsarawa da gudanar da bincike. Shirin muhalli ya sanar da manyan yankuna uku da BOEM ke tsarawa a kan tashar nahiyar waje: mai da iskar gas, makamashi mai sabuntawa, da ma'adanai marasa makamashi kamar yashi da dutse ko ma'adinai masu wuya.

## Daraktoci
Darakta na farko na hukumar, wanda ke aiki daga Yuni 2010 zuwa Mayu 2014, shine Tommy Beaudreau .  Daraktan na biyu shi ne Abigail Ross Hopper, wanda ke aiki daga Janairu 2015 zuwa Janairu 2017.  Daga 2017 zuwa 2021, mataimakin darektan Walter Cruickshank ya yi aiki a matsayin mukaddashin darektan.

## Manazarta