Harshen Alamar Filipino

**Harshen Alamar Filipino** (FSL) ko kuma Harshen Alamar Philippine (Filipino: Wikang pasenyas ng mga Pilipino), yaren kurame ne wanda ya samo asali daga Philippines. Kamar sauran harsunan alamar, FSL harshe ne na musamman tare da nahawunsa, syntax da ilimin halittar jiki; ba ya dogara ko kama da Filipino ko Turanci. Wasu masu bincike suna la'akari da alamun FSL na asali don kasancewa cikin haɗarin ɓacewa saboda karuwar tasirin Harshen Alamun Amurka.[3]

Dokar Jumhuriyar 11106 ko Dokar Harshen Alamar Filipino, mai tasiri ga Nuwamba shekara ta 27, 2018, ta ayyana FSL a matsayin harshen alamar ƙasa na Kurame Filipino.

## Tasirin ASL
An yi imanin FSL wani yanki ne na dangin Harshen Kurame na Faransa. Harshen Alamar Amurka yana da tasiri sosai tun lokacin da aka kafa a 1907 na Makarantar Makafi da Makafi (SDB) (yanzu Makarantar Kurame ta Philippine) ta Delia Delight Rice (1883 – 1964), malamin Thomasite Ba’amurke da aka haife shi. kurame iyaye. Shugabannin Amurka ne suka gudanar da makarantar har zuwa shekarun 1940. A cikin shekara ta 1960s, tuntuɓar Harshen Harshen Amirka ya ci gaba ta hanyar ƙaddamar da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru na Laguna. Wani tushen tasirin ASL shine aikin masu sa kai daga Ƙungiyar Aminci ta Amurka, waɗanda aka ajiye su a wurare daban-daban a cikin Philippines daga 1974 zuwa 1989, da kuma ƙungiyoyin addini waɗanda suka inganta ASL da Turanci da Manually Codeed . Tun daga 1982, Ƙungiyar Ilimin Kurame ta Duniya (IDEA), wanda tsohon mai sa kai na Peace Corps G. Dennis Drake ya jagoranta, ya kafa jerin shirye-shiryen zama na farko a Bohol ta amfani da Harshen Alamar Philippine a matsayin harshen farko na koyarwa.Makarantar Kurame ta Bohol ita ma tana jaddada Harshen Kurame na Philippine.

A cewar mai binciken harshen kurame Dokta Lisa Martinez, FSL da ASL sun karkata zuwa ma'auni masu mahimmanci guda uku: nau'i daban-daban na gaba ɗaya (musamman nau'in kayan hannu daban-daban), hanyoyi daban-daban na samuwar alamar, da nahawu daban-daban.

## Matsayi
An ba da rahoton yin amfani da Harshen Alama na Filipino a cikin 2009 kamar yadda kashi 54% na masu amfani da yaren kurame ke amfani da shi a Philippines.[11] A cikin 2011, Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta ayyana Sa hannu daidai Turanci harshen ilimin kurma a Philippines.A cikin 2011, jami'an Sashen Ilimi sun ba da sanarwar a cikin wani taron cewa ana koyar da yara masu fama da ji kuma za a ci gaba da koyar da su ta amfani da Signing Exact English (SEE) maimakon Harshen Alamar Filifin (FSL).A cikin shekara ta 2012, Majalisar Dokoki ta 450 ta gabatar da ita a cikin Majalisar Wakilai ta Philippine ta Wakilai Antonio Tinio (Jam'iyyar-Jerin, Malaman ACT) don ayyana FSL a matsayin Harshen Alamar Kasa na Philippines da kuma ba da umarnin amfani da shi azaman matsakaicin hukuma. sadarwa a cikin dukkan mu’amalolin da suka shafi kurame da kuma harshen koyarwa na kurame. Tun daga watan Mayu shekara  ta 2014, wannan lissafin yana jiran kwamitin kula da Ayyukan Jama'a.

A watan Satumba na 2018, dokar Majalisar dattijai mai lamba 1455, wanda Sanata Nancy Binay, Sherwin Gatchalian, Chiz Escudero, Bam Aquino, Loren Legarda, Joel Villanueva, Cynthia Villar, da Juan Miguel Zubiri suka dauki nauyi, ya wuce karatu na uku kuma na karshe.

A ranar 30 ga Oktoba, shekara ta 2018, Dokar Jumhuriyar 11106 ko Dokar Harshen Harshen Filifin ya zama doka ta Shugaba Rodrigo Duterte yana ayyana Harshen Kurame na Filipino a matsayin yaren kurame na ƙasa na Filipino. Har ila yau, dokar ta ayyana yaren kurame na ƙasar a matsayin yaren kurame a hukumance na gwamnati a duk wani ciniki da ya shafi kurame

Dokar da ke neman kawar da duk wani nau'i na wariya ga Kurame na Filipino, ta kuma ba da umarnin yin amfani da Harshen Kurame na Filifin a makarantu, kafofin watsa labarai, da wuraren aiki. Har ila yau, ta umurci Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, tare da tuntubar masu ruwa da tsaki, don kafa tsarin ƙasa na ƙa'idodi da matakai don fassarar Harshen Kurame na Filipino. Jami'ar Philippines System da sauran hukumomin ilimi suna da alhakin haɓaka ƙa'idodi don haɓaka kayan horo a cikin ilimin kurame. Har ila yau, dokar ta buƙaci samar da ƙwararrun masu fassarar yaren kurame a cikin dukkan shari'o'i, da shari'a, da ma'amalolin gwamnati da suka shafi kurame.

"Za a gane FSL, haɓakawa da tallafawa a matsayin hanyar sadarwa ta hukuma a cikin duk ma'amaloli da suka shafi kurame, kuma a matsayin harshen koyarwar ilimin kurma, ba tare da nuna bambanci ga amfani da wasu nau'o'in sadarwa ba dangane da zabi ko fifiko na mutum. "doka ta ce. Ma’aikatar Ilimi (DepEd), Hukumar Kula da Ilimi Mai Girma (CHEd), Hukumar Ilimin Fasaha da Bunkasa Fasaha (Tesda), da duk sauran hukumomin kasa da na kananan hukumomi da ke da ruwa da tsaki a harkar ilimin kurame, an dora musu nauyin amfani da kuma hada kai da kowanne. sauran kan amfani da FSL a matsayin hanyar koyarwa a ilimin kurame.

Dokar ta fara aiki ne a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, shekara ta 2018 yayin da aka amince da aiwatar da dokoki da ka'idoji a cikin shekara ta 2021.

## Duba Don Karatu

* The Thomasites
* International Deaf Children's Society
* Deafness in Philippines Mahadan Waje

## Bibliography
**Bidiyo**

* *[[:en:Mi_Ultimo_Adios|Mi Ultimo Adios]]* in Filipino Sign Language
* *[[:en:Lupang_Hinirang|Philippine National Anthem]]* in Filipino Sign Language
* Silent Odyssey: A Journey into the Deaf World
* Filipino Sign Language GMANews TV Documentary

Rubutu

* *An Introduction to Filipino Sign Language* (PDRC/PFD, 2004)
* *Filipino Sign Language: A Compilation of Signs from Regions of the Philippines* (PFD, 2005)
* *Status Report on the Use of Sign Language in the Philippines* (NSLC)
* *Filipino Sign Language* (PEN International, DLS-College of St. Benilde) downloadable PDF 
* *Republic Act 11106 [https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/downloads/2018/10oct/20181030-RA-11106-RRD.pdf downloadable PDF] *

## Manazarta