Cinikin mutane a Romania

Romania ƙasa ce ta tushe, wucewa, da kuma makoma ga maza, mata, da yara da ke fuskantar fataucin mutane, musamman yanayin tilasta aiki da mata da yara a cikin karuwanci.

Sassan 'yan tsirarun kabilun Roma (tare da asalin tarihi a Indiya ) a Romania suna fuskantar yanayin tilasta aiki (gami da tilasta bara) ta 'yan uwan su Roma  ko ma da danginsu . An kuma tilasta musu yin addu'a a Spain, Italiya, Jamhuriyar Czech, Girka, Finland, Portugal, Jamus, Ingila, Ireland, Cyprus da Faransa.

Mata da yara daga Romania sun sha wahala daga karuwanci a Italiya, Spain, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Ireland,  Girka, Jamus, Cyprus, Austria, da Faransa. Ana fataucin mutane a cikin ƙasar don cin zarafin jima'i na kasuwanci da aiki na tilas, gami da tilasta bara da ɗan sata. Cinikin mutane laifi ne ga bil'adama.

Kasar ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar TIP ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 2000 a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2022.

Ofishin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka don Kulawa da Yaki da Cin Hanci da Kasuwanci ya sanya kasar a cikin "Tier 2" a cikin 2017  da 2023 . 

## Tarihi a cikin 2009
A shekara ta 2009, yawancin wadanda aka gano a cikin kasar sun kasance wadanda aka tilasta aiki. Romania ƙasa ce mai zuwa ga ƙananan mata daga Moldova, Colombia, da Faransa waɗanda aka tilasta musu yin karuwanci. Yawancin wadanda aka gano a Romania wadanda aka azabtar sun sha wahala daga aikin tilas, gami da tilastawa.

Gwamnatin Romania ba ta cika cikakkun ka'idoji don kawar da fataucin mutane ba; duk da haka, tun daga shekara ta 2009 tana yin gagarumin ƙoƙari don yin hakan. Kodayake fiye da rabin wadanda aka gano a shekarar 2009 sun kasance wadanda ke fama da aikin tilastawa, gwamnati ta sake kasa bayar da rahoton gagarumin kokarin magance fataucin ma'aikata; musamman, gwamnati ba ta  kididdigar tilasta bin doka ta fataucin aiki daga kididdigdigar fataucin jima'i ba don haka ba ta iya bayar da rahoton yawan binciken fataucin mutane ba, gurfanar da hukunci, ko kuma yawan wadanda aka azabtar da gwamnati ta taimaka a lokacin bayar da rahoto.

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2009, gwamnati ta sake tsara hukumar yaki da fataucin mutane - Hukumar yaki da fatalicin mutane ta kasa (NAATIP). An canza shi daga wata hukuma mai zaman kanta, ta ƙasa tare da ikon gudanar da kudade na tarayya don ayyukan yaki da fataucin mutane, zuwa wata hukuma ta ƙasa ta Yan sanda na kasa a ƙarƙashin Ma'aikatar Cikin Gida.

Wani Masanin Kasuwanci na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Dokta Gilly McKenzie, ya ba da rahoton cewa sake tsara NAATIP yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci, mummunan tasiri ga taimakon wanda aka azabtar a cikin shekara. Musamman, gwamnati ba ta da hadin kai sosai tare da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu masu yaki da fataucin mutane kuma ba ta ba da kudade na tarayya ga kungiyoyi masu ba da agaji don samar da ayyukan wadanda aka azabtar da kuma gudanar da shirye-shiryen rigakafin fataucin. A sakamakon haka, kusan kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu 30 masu yaki da fataucin mutane sun rufe ko kuma sun canza mayar da hankali ga batutuwan da ba su da fatauccin mutane don riƙe kudaden tarayya; wasu daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyi masu ba da agaji sun ba da taimako mai mahimmanci ga wadanda aka azabtar da su ciki har da mafaka, shawarwari, horo na sana'a, da sauran kulawar gyarawa ga wadanda abin ya shafa.

Adadin wadanda abin ya shafa wadanda suka karbi tallafin gwamnati ya ragu sosai har zuwa wani shekara a jere, kuma gwamnati ta gano wadanda suka kamu da karancin wadanda suka kamu idan aka kwatanta da lokacin rahoton da ya gabata. Kungiyoyin ba da agaji da kungiyoyin kasa da kasa sun ba da rahoton cewa sake tsara NAATIP ya bar Romania ba tare da wata hukumar kasa ta gaskiya ba don samar da jagora ga wasu ma'aikatu da ke da alhakin yaki da fataucin mutane.

## Amsa ta kasa da kasa
Daga 2016 zuwa 2019, Romania ta gano wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane 2,613 (a matsakaita kusan mutane 18 a kowane mako); 75% mata ne kuma 50% yara ne.

A cikin 2021, Ƙididdigar Laifuka ta Ƙungiya ta lura cewa Romania na ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙasashe 5 a cikin EU don fataucin mutane, tare da yawancin mutane ana ƙaura daga Pakistan da Philippines.

## Shari'a (2010)
Romania ta nuna kokarin tilasta bin doka a lokacin bayar da rahoto; duk da haka, ba ta ba da rahoton yawan bincike ba, gurfanar da aka samu a kan masu aikata laifuka na fataucin ma'aikata. Romania ta haramta duk wani nau'in fataucin mutane ta hanyar Dokar No. 678/2001, wanda ya ba da hukuncin shekaru uku zuwa 15 a kurkuku. Wadannan hukunce-hukuncen suna da tsauri sosai kuma sun dace da hukunce-hincen da aka tsara don wasu manyan laifuka, kamar fyade. Daga 1 ga Fabrairu 2014, an haramta fataucin mutane ta hanyar labarin 210 na Dokar Shari'a.

A shekara ta 2009, hukumomi sun binciki shari'o'i 759 - gami da wasu binciken da aka fara a shekara ta 2008, idan aka kwatanta da sabbin shari'oʼi 494 a shekara ta 2008. Gwamnati ta gurfanar da mutane 303 saboda fataucin mutane a shekara ta 2009, idan aka kwatanta da mutane 329 da aka gurfanar a shekara ta 2008. A lokacin bayar da rahoto, Romania ta yanke wa masu aikata laifuka 183 hukunci, daga mutane 125 da aka yanke musu hukunci a 2008. A lokacin bayar da rahoto, kashi 39 cikin 100 ne kawai - 72 daga cikin 183 - na masu aikata laifukan fataucin mutane da aka yanke musu hukunci sun yi wani lokaci a kurkuku; an yanke wa mai aikata laifuka daya hukuncin ɗaurin watanni shida, an yanke wa masu laifi 54 hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru biyar zuwa 10, an yanke wa marasa laifi shida hukuncin ɗaurin shekara 10 zuwa 15, kuma an yanke wa yaro daya hukuncin ɗaukan lokacin da ba a bayyana ba a kurkuku. Sauran masu aikata laifuka 111 da aka yanke musu hukunci ba su sami hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku ba.

A shekara ta 2009, jami'an tilasta bin doka na Romania sun kirkiro haɗin gwiwa tare da takwarorinsu na kasashen waje daga kasashe biyar, wanda ya haifar da kama akalla masu aikata laifuka 16 da kuma gano akalla wadanda abin ya shafa 107. Babu rahotanni cewa jami'an gwamnati suna da hannu a fataucin mutane a lokacin rahoton.

## Manazarta