open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Regina Purtell

**Regina Purtell** (1866-1950) yar'uwar Katolika ce ta Ba'amurke kuma ma'aikaciyar jinya ce ta Sojojin Amurka. Ta kula da Theodore Roosevelt's "Rough Riders", kuma kafofin watsa labaru sun yi mata lakabi "The Florence Nightingale na Yakin Mutanen Espanya da Amurka." A shekara ta 1902, bayan Roosevelt ya zama shugaban kasa, ta zama ma'aikaciyar jinya ta sirri bisa bukatarsa lokacin da aka yi masa tiyata. A cikin 1918 ta zama sananne sosai don jinyar ɗalibai da yawa a Jami'ar Texas a Austin, gami da 'ya'yan Rough Riders, a lokacin bala'in cutar ta Sipaniya. Aikinta na ƙarshe, mai shekaru 20 a wani asibitin kuturu a Carville, Louisiana, ya jawo duk abin da ta koya. Saboda gwanintarta akan cututtuka masu yaduwa, ita ce ta fara gane cutar sankarau, kuma ta shiga keɓe tare da majinyata. Ita ko ma’aikatan jinya ba su kamu da cutar sankarau ko kuturta ba saboda yanayin tsafta da kula da lafiyarta.

## Manazarta
Ismaila Usman

**Ismaila Usman** tsohon Ministan Kudi na Najeriya daga shekarar 1998 zuwa 1999. Janar Sani Abacha ya dakatar da shi a matsayin mataimakin gwamnan babban bankin Najeriya, daga baya kuma Abdulsalami Abubakar ya naɗa shi a matsayin mai kula da ma'aikatar Kuɗi ta tarayya.

## Manazarta
Yarjejeniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya

**Yarjejeniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UN) **ita ce ginshikin yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Yana kafa dalilai, tsarin mulki, da tsarin tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya baki daya, gami da manyan sassanta guda shida: Sakatariya, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Kwamitin Tsaro, Majalisar Tattalin Arziki da Zamantakewa, Kotun Kasa da Kasa, da Majalisar Amincewa. Yarjejeniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta umurci Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da kasashe mambobinta su wanzar da zaman lafiya da tsaro na kasa da kasa, kiyaye dokokin kasa da kasa, cimma "matsalar rayuwa" ga 'yan kasarsu, magance "matsalolin tattalin arziki, zamantakewa, kiwon lafiya, da makamantansu", da inganta "girmama duniya". domin, da kuma kiyaye haƙƙin ɗan adam da ƴanci ga kowa da kowa ba tare da banbancin launin fata, jinsi, harshe, ko addini ba". A matsayin yarjejeniyoyin yarjejeniya da mambobi, dokokinta da wajibcinta suna aiki akan duk membobi kuma sun maye gurbin na sauran yarjejeniyoyin. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Ƙungiyoyin Ƙawance—wanda aka fi sani da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya—sun amince su kafa sabuwar ƙungiyar ƙasa da ƙasa bayan yaƙin. Bisa ga wannan manufa, an tattauna, an shirya, da kuma tsara Yarjejeniya ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya, a yayin taron San Francisco da aka fara a ranar 25 ga Afrilun 1945, wanda ya haɗa da yawancin ƙasashe masu ikon mallakar duniya. Bayan amincewa da kashi biyu bisa uku na kowane sashe, wakilai sun amince da rubutu na ƙarshe gaba ɗaya kuma aka buɗe don sanya hannu a ranar 26 ga Yuni 1945; 50 daga cikin kasashe 51 na asali ne suka sanya hannu a San Francisco, Amurka.
[Lura ta 1] Yarjejeniya ta fara aiki ne a ranar 24 ga watan Oktoban shekarar 1945, bayan da kasashe biyar din din din din din din din din din din a kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suka amince da su - Sin. [Lura 2] Faransa, [Lura 3] Tarayyar Soviet, [Lura ta 4] Ƙasar Ingila, da Amurka—da yawancin sauran masu rattaba hannu; Ana daukar wannan a matsayin ranar fara aiki a hukumance na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, tare da zama na farko na babban taron, wanda ke wakiltar dukkan mambobin farko 51, wanda zai bude a Landan a watan Janairu mai zuwa. Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da ranar 24 ga Oktoba a matsayin ranar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a shekara ta 1947, kuma ta ayyana ta a matsayin ranar hutu ta kasa da kasa a shekarar 1971. Tare da jam'iyyu 193, yawancin kasashe yanzu sun amince da Yarjejeniya ta.
## MANAZARTA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charter_of_the_United_Nations
Binta

**Binta** sunan mata ne na asalin Afirka, musamman na Hausawan Afirka ta Yamma . Sunan yana nufin 'tare da Allah' ko 'kusanci ga Allah'. A kasar Hausa sunan ya samo asali ne daga sunan Fatima Binta Rasulullah, wata Fatima Ƴar Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama. Asalin kalmar Bint larabici ne wanda a Hausa yake nufin Ɗiya ko Ƴa. Idan aka ce Binta ana nufin Ƴa a Hausa kenan

## Fitattun mutane masu suna

* Jean "Binta" Breeze, dub mawaƙin Jamaica kuma mai ba da labari
* Binta Nyako, Alkalin Najeriya
* Binta Pilote, matukin jirgi na Guinea
* Binta Masi Garba, 'yar siyasar Najeriya
* Binta Ayo Mogaji, Nigerian actress
* Binta Ann, Marubuciya 'yar Gini kuma mai fafutuka
* Binta Diakité, 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ivory Coast
* Binta Jambane, 'yar gudun hijira ta Mozambique
* Binta Diakhaté, 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Senegal
* Binta Zahra Diop, 'yar wasan ninkaya ta Senegal
* Binta Mamman, 'yar siyasar Najeriya
* Binta Sukai, Nigerian fashion consultant

## Nassoshi
Suleiman Danladi

**Suleiman Danladi**  ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida da tsakiya na KS Pogradeci a cikin Kategoria E dyte, rukuni na uku na ƙwallon ƙafa na Albaniya .   

## Sana'a
Danladi ya fara wasan kwallon kafa ne a Remo Soccer Academy, kungiyar kwallon kafa ta matasa dake Legas, Najeriya . Daga baya ya dan yi taka-tsan-tsan da kungiyar Niger Tornadoes a gasar kwararrun kwallon kafa ta Najeriya (NPFL) kafin ya koma Turai a watan Satumban 2023.

## Mahimman bayanai na sana'a
Ayyukan Danladi sun haɗa da daidaiton wasan kwaikwayonsa na KS Pogradeci, inda ya taka rawa a kusan dukkanin wasannin lig na kulob din. Gudunmawar sa ta kasance sananne a cikin ƙoƙarin ƙungiyar don haɓakawa a cikin Kategoria E Dyte.

## Magana
Danjuma

**Danjuma** ko **Jume** mace kuma **Jummai** ko **Juma** suna ne da Hausawa mazauna yammacin Afirka ke amfani da shi . Acikin harshen Hausa, Danjuma na nufin “wanda aka haifa ranar Juma’a”. 

## Fitattun mutane masu suna

* Arnaut Danjuma (an haife shi ne acikin shekara ta 1997) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Holand
* Caroline Danjuma (an haife ta ne acikin shekara ta 1975), 'yar wasan Najeriya ce
* Christopher Danjuma, Nigerian football manager
* Daisy Ehanire Danjuma (an haife shi ne acikin shekara ta 1952), ɗan siyasan Najeriya
* Danjuma Laah (an haife shi ne acikin shekara ta 1960), ɗan siyasan Najeriya
* Mohammed Danjuma Goje (an haife shi ne acikin shekara ta 1952),shi ɗan siyasan Najeriya
* Theophilus Danjuma (an haife shi ne acikin shekara ta 1938), sojan Najeriya, ɗan siyasa, hamshakin attajirin ɗan kasuwa kuma ɗan agaji.

## Magana
Danladi

**Danladi** suna ne na namiji na asalin Hausawa, Nijeriya. Mace ana cewa Ladi ko Ladidi. Ana nufin wanda aka haife shi ranar Lahadi.  Don haka daidai da ma’anarsa, ana ba da ita ga yaran da aka haifa a ranar Lahadi.

## Fitattun mutane masu suna

* Sani Danladi, dan siyasar Najeriya
* Abu Danladi, Ghanaian footballer
* Musa Danladi Abubakar, Nigerian lawyer
* Salihu Yakubu-Danladi, dan siyasar Najeriya
* Danladi Umar, Nigeria Alkali
* Timothy Danladi, dan wasan kwallon kafa na Najeriya
* Suleiman Danladi, dan kwallon Najeriya
* Danladi Mohammed, dan siyasar Najeriya
* Dauda Danladi, tsohon jakadan Najeriya
* Isaac Danladi, dan wasan kurket na Najeriya
* Danladi Sanusi-Maiyamba, Nigerian monarch
* Sherif Danladi, dan kwallon Ghana

## Nassoshi
Danlami

**Danlami** sunan namiji ne na asalin Hausawa, Afirka ta Yamma . Ana nufin wanda aka haifa ranar Alhamis. Don haka daidai da ma’anarsa, ana ba da ita ga yaran da aka haifa a ranar Alhamis. 

## Fitattun mutane masu suna

* Joel Danlami Ikenya, dan siyasar Najeriya
* Joseph Danlami Bagobiri, Nigerian Roman Catholic Bishop

## Nassoshi
Dogo

**Dogo** sunan namiji ne na asalin Hausawa, Afirka ta Yamma . Dogo na nufin "dogo, dogo ko babba". Yawancin lokaci ana ba da sunan laƙabi ga dogayen maza da samari. 

## Mutane masu suna

* Dilli Dogo, Likitan likitan Najeriya
* Dogo Janja, Mawakin Tanzaniya
* Mor Dogo Thiam, mawakin Senegal
* Belmonde Dogo, dan siyasan Ivory Coast
* Paa Dogo, mawaƙlkin Ghana
* Marcus Dogo, Bishop na Anglican a Najeriya

## Magana
Fatai

**Fatai** sunan namiji ne na Najeriya da aka bayar da suna da sunan lakabi, wanda akasari ake amfani da shi a tsakanin Musulmi, musamman a cikin al'ummar Hausawa da Yarbawa. An samo shi daga Larabci, **"Abdulfatai"** yana nufin **Abdul/Abdullah - "Bawan Allah mai aminci kuma mai aminci" + Fatai/Fattah - "mai nasara, mai nasara"** . 

## Sanannen Mutane Masu Suna

## Sunan da aka ba wa

* Fatai Akinade Akinbade (an haife shi a shekara ta 1955), ɗan siyasan Najeriya
* Alao Fatai Adisa (an haife shi a shekara ta 1986), shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Nijeriya
* Fatai Atere (an haife shi a shekara ta 1971), shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Nijeriya
* Fatai Ayinla (1939–2016), dan damben Najeriya
* Oba Fatai Ayinla Aileru (an haife shi a shekara ta 1938), ɗan siyasan Najeriya
* Fatai Rolling Dollar (Olayiwola Fatai Olagunju; 1927–2013), mawakin Najeriya kuma marubuci.
* Fatai Onikeke (an haife shi a shekara ta 1983), ɗan damben boksin ɗan Najeriya-Austiraliya
* Fatai Osho, Nigerian football manager
* Otunba Fatai Sowemimo (an haife shi a shekara ta 1955), ɗan kasuwan Najeriya kuma ɗan siyasa
* Fatai (mawaƙi) (Fatai Veamatahau; haifaffen 1995), mawaƙin Australiya
* Atanda Fatai Williams (1918–2002), masanin shari'a na Najeriya
* Zhu Fatai, masanin kasar Sin na karni na 4

## Sunan mahaifi

* Adeyemo Fatai, dan wasan kwallon tebur na Najeriya
* Kehinde Fatai (an haife shi a shekara ta 1990), shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Nijeriya
* Sodiq Fatai (an haife shi a shekara ta 1996), shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Nijeriya 

## Magana
Jack Tucker

**Jack Robert Tucker** ( An haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Nuwamba a shekara ta 1999) Ya kasance ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dabaya na kungiyar Milton Keynes Dons.

## Ayyukan kulob dinsa

### Gillingham
Tucker ya shiga makarantar kimiyya ta Glingham  yana da shekaru bakwai daga kulob dinsa na kungiyar Whitstable Town .  Bayan ya ci gaba da makarantar kimiyya, ya fara buga wasan farko a kulob din a ranar 8 ga watan Oktoba a shekarar 2017 a matsayin wanda akayi chanji dashi bayan  minti 45 a wasan da potsmouth ta cisu  1-0  kuma ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya sanya hannu bangaren manyan yan wasa  a watan Janairun a shekara ta 2018.  lokacin farkonsa kenan na fara yin kwalo a matsayin sna a, Tucker yana da yarjejeniyar aro da kungiyoyin Isthmian League Greenwich Borough  da  Hasting United ,  kuma ya fito sau biyu a cikin EFL Trophy na Gillingham. Bayan wasansa da ya buga wanda ya burge mutane , an saka masa  da tsawaita kwangila a ƙarshen kakar 2018-19. 

A ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 2019, Tucker ya zira kwallaye na farko a wasansu da totenham hotspur  da ya ci 2-0 a gida. Bayan ya shiga cikin tawagar farko, wata daya bayan haka se aka fara maganar canza masa kulob a watan decemba  wanada kuma shugaban Gillingham be amince ba. daga karshe an karramashi  a matsayin hazikin matashi dan wasan Kent na kakar wasa a ƙarshen kakar 2019-20. A ranar 6 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2021, ya zira kwallaye na farko a gasar a Gillingham a nasarar 3-1 tare da kungiyar  Ipswich Town .  Bayan da kulob din ya dawo League Two a ƙarshen kakar 2021-22, Tucker ya ki amincewa da tayin sabon yarjejeniya saboda yanason komawa wani wuri,  wanda ya kawo karshen haɗin gwiwar shekaru goma sha biyar da yayi da kungiyar ta  Gillingham. A ƙarshen lambar yabo ta kulob din an ba shi karramawar hazikin dan wasa na kulob din, inda ya lashe kyautar a shekara ta uku a jere kuma a karo na huɗu gaba ɗaya.

## Milton Keynes Dons
A ranar 17 ga Yuni 2022, Tucker ya sanya hannu a kulob din Milton Keynes Dons kan kwangila na dogon lokaci, tare da biyan diyya ga Gillingham saboda shekarunsa. Ya fara bugawa a ranar 30 ga watan Yulin 2022 a wasan da aka yi da cambrdge united.

## Kididdigar aiki

#

## Manazarta
Garuba

**Garuba** suna ne na namiji musamman mutanen Najeriya da Nijar da aka bayar da suna da kuma sunan kaka da aka fi amfani da shi a tsakanin Musulmi, musamman a cikin al'ummar Hausawa . Garuba ko Garba daga harshen Larabci ne “al-garb” ma’ana sahabin annabi Muhammad, an binne Abubakar a gefen kudu da kabarin annabi.  Wannan suna Garuba/Garba a ko da yaushe ana danganta shi da duk mai suna Abu bakr ko Abubakar.

## Fitattun mutane masu suna

* Chris Abutu Garuba (1948), gwamnan sojan Najeriya.
* Usman '''Garuba''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 2002), ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando na ƙasar Sipaniya ɗan Najeriya.
* Harry '''Garuba''' (1958 - 2020), haifaffen Najeriya marubucin wakoki kuma farfesa.

## Nassoshi
Isiyaku

**Isiyaku** ana kuma cewa **Ishaƙ** sunan namiji ne na Hausawa daga Najeriya . Sunan yana nufin "dariya ko zai yi dariya". Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa Isiyaku shine bambancin Hausa na sunan Ibrananci Isaac, suna raba suna da ruhu ɗaya. Dukansu sunaye suna nuna alamar farin ciki tabbatacce. 

## Fitattun mutane masu suna

* Ja'afaru Dan Isiyaku, (1937–1959) Sarkin Zazzau
* Musa Isiyaku Ahmed, Nigerian academic

## Magana
Jatau

**Jatau** sunan maza ne na Najeriya da aka ba suna da sunan asalin Hausa . Sunan "Jatau" yana nufin **"launi mai kyau, haske"** . 

## Fitattun mutane masu suna

* Auwal Jatau (an haife shi a shekara ta 1955), ɗan siyasan Najeriya
* Manasseh Daniel Jatau (an haife shi a shekara ta 1955), ɗan siyasan Najeriya
* Peter Yariyok Jatau (1931 – 2020), Archbishop Roman Katolika na Najeriya.
* Abu Ja (1851), Sarkin Najeriya, wanda ya kafa Masarautar Abuja.

## Magana
Maitama

**Maitama** sunan namiji ne na mutanen Najeriya da aka ba shi suna kuma na kowa a cikin Arewacin Najeriya musamman Hausa .

Fitattun mutane masu sunan sun haɗa da:

* Bello Maitama Yusuf (1947–2023), ɗan siyasan Najeriya kuma ɗan kasuwa
* Maitama Sule (1929-2017), ɗan siyasan Najeriya

Mai'tama na iya koma zuwa:

* Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano, Nigerian public university mallakin gwamnatin jihar Kano

## Manazarta
Maitama (suna)

**Maitama** sunan namiji ne na Hausawa wanda akafi amfani dashi azaman sunan suna a Najeriya . Yana nufin **"ƙarfi, mai kirki, daidaitaccen ɗabi'a"** .  Bugu da ƙari, sunan Maitama yana bayyana a wasu wurare da ƙungiyoyin hukumomi a Najeriya. 

## Fitattun mutane masu suna

* Yusuf Maitama Sule CFR (1929 – 2017), ɗan siyasan Najeriya, jami'in diflomasiyya, kuma dattijo.
* Bello Maitama Yusuf GCON (1947 – 2023), ɗan siyasan Najeriya kuma ɗan kasuwa.
* Yusuf Tuggar OON (an haife shi a shekara ta 1967), ɗan diplomasiyyar Najeriya kuma ɗan siyasar Najeriya.

## Wurare

* Yusuf '''Maitama''' Sule University, Kano
* **Maitama**

## Magana
Jumai

**Jumai** sunan mata ne na Najeriya da aka fi amfani da shi a tsakanin Musulmi kuma na kowa a tsakanin Hausawa. *Jumma'a* ma'ana **"Juma'a"** (an asalin Larabci).  Sunan Jumai sunan mace ne da aka bayar wanda ke nufin "haife ta ranar Juma'a".  Sunan Jumai diminutive na Jummai, Dan Juma, Jumaiah, Jumaiyah.  Sauran siffofinsa na sunayen maza sune Ɗan Jummai, Jume, Jummah, Jimoh da dai sauransu.

## Fitattun mutane masu suna

* Jumai Bello (an Haife shi a shekara ta 1941), Babban jami'in yada labaran Najeriya.
* Jumai Bitrus (an haife shi a shekara ta 1996), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya.
* Jumai Babangida Aliyu (an haife shi a shekara ta 1959), Malamin Najeriya.
*  (an haife ta 1959), Alkalin Najeriya.

## Duba
*Danjuma

## Magana
Rabiu

**Rabiu** sunan Hausawa ne na Najeriya ga mazan Hausawa . An samo shi daga sunan Larabci "Rabi'" wanda ke nufin "na hudu" ko "lokacin bazara". Rabiu yana nuna manufar sabuntawa da sauye-sauye masu daɗi. Yana ɗaukar ma'anar kyakkyawan fata da sabon mafari.  Wani lokaci akan saka Rabiu a cikin sunan da aka ba shi don nuna ɗan’uwa wanda aka haifa yazo a na huɗu yana ɗauke da shi. 

## Fitattun mutane masu suna

* Rabiu Afolabi, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Najeriya
* Rabiu Baita, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Najeriya
* Ibrahim Rabiu, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Najeriya
* Rabiu Kwankwaso, ɗan siyasan Najeriya
* Mohammed Rabiu, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Ghana
* Isyaku Rabiu, ɗan kasuwa na Najeriya
* Abdul Samad Rabiu, ɗan kasuwa na Najeriya
* Kabiru Rabiu, ɗan kasuwa na Najeriya
* Rabiu Ali, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Najeriya
* Mario Rabiu, ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Najeriya

## Magana
Kawu

**Kawu** suna ne na Najeriya daga asalin Hausawa wanda ke nufin **"dan'uwan mahaifiyar mutum"** .  Kalmar sunan "Kawu" an aro ta ne daga Fulatamci kaawu ma'ana kawun uwa. 

## Fitattun mutane masu suna

* Kawu Peto Dukku (1958 – 2010), ɗan siyasan Najeriya.
* Sa'adatu Modibbo Kawu - 'yar siyasar Najeriya.
* Kawu Sumaila ( OFR ) (an haife shi a shekara ta 1968), ɗan siyasan Najeriya, ɗan kasuwa.
* Sulyman Kawu - Alkalin Najeriya.

## Wurare

* Gombe
* Ilorin

## Magana
Safiyanu

**Safiyanu**.oggi namiji ne Na Najeriya Namiji da aka ba da suna da sunan kaka da aka fi amfani da shi a tsakanin Musulmi, musamman a cikin al’ummar Hausawa.  Hausa. An samo shi daga Larabci, "Safiyan" wanda ke nufin "Golden Mai Tsarki; Diamond". Sunan da aka ba mata shi ne Safiya .

## Shahararrun mutane da sunan

* Abubakar Safiyanu (an haife shi a shekara ta 2003), ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Najeriya.

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Sarki (suna)

**Sarki** sunan Najeriya ne kuma asalin sunan Hausawa wanda ke nufin **"sarki, mai mulki"** .  Sarki galibi sunan maza ne, ana amfani da shi ga samari.  Sarki a harshen Yarbanci wata hanya ce ta gaisuwa ga sarki ko sarauniya ko basarake ko gimbiya. Sarki yana da muhimmancin al'adu a cikin al'ummar Hausawa da Yarbawa, wanda ke wakiltar gadon sarauta da muhimmancin tarihi.  

## Fitattun mutane masu suna

* Sarki Auwalu (an haife shi a shekara ta 1965), injiniyan sinadarai na Najeriya.
* Emmanuel Sarki (an haife shi a shekara ta 1987) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Nijeriya.
* Abdullahi Sarki Mukhtar (an haife shi a shekara ta 1949), Janar na sojojin Najeriya.
* Usman '''Sarki''', CFR (1920 - 1984), Nigerian Minister.

## Magana
Talatu

**Talatu** sunan mata ne da ake amfani da shi a Najeriya ce wace aka fi amfani da shi a tsakanin Musulmi, musamman a cikin al’ummar Hausawa . An samo daga Larabci, *Talata* ma'ana **"Talata"** wanda aka karɓa daga kwanakin mako.

## Fitattun mutane masu suna

* Talatu Yohanna (an haife ta a shekara ta 1973), ƴar siyasar Najeriya.

## Manazarta
Gama gari

## Wuraren da aka yi

* Boston Common, wurin shakatawa na jama'a a Boston, Massachusetts
* Cambridge Common, yankin ƙasa na kowa a Cambridge, Massachusetts
* Clapham Common, asalin ƙasar gama gari, yanzu wurin shakatawa a London, Burtaniya
* Common Moss, wani gari a cikin County Tyrone, Arewacin Ireland
* Lexington Common, wani yanki na kowa a Lexington, Massachusetts
* Gundumar Tarihi ta Salem, yanki na kowa a Salem, Massachusetts

## Mutane

* Common (rapper) (an haife shi a shekara ta 1972), ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na hip hop na Amurka, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, kuma mawaki
* Andrew Ainslie Common (1841-1903), masanin taurari na Ingila
* Andrew Common (1889-1953), darektan jigilar kayayyaki na Burtaniya
* John Common, marubucin waƙoƙin Amurka, mawaƙi kuma mawaƙi
* Thomas Common (1850-1919), mai fassara na Scotland kuma mai sukar adabi

## Fasaha, nishaɗi, da kafofin watsa labarai

* Common (fim), fim din BBC One na 2014, wanda Jimmy McGovern ya rubuta, a kan Dokar Kasuwanci ta Burtaniya
* Dol Common, wani hali a cikin The Alchemist na Ben Jonson
* Harvard Common Press na Boston, Massachusetts, mai wallafa littattafan dafa abinci da littattafan iyaye
* *Gidan Jama'a*, tsohon shirin talabijin na mu'amala akan ITV Play
* "Common", waƙar Zayn daga kundin sa na 2018 Icarus Falls

## Addini

* Al'ada (liturgy), wani ɓangare na wasu liturgy na Kirista
* Fassarar tum'ah, kalmar Littafi Mai-Tsarki don ƙazantar al'ada, wanda wasu fassarorin Littafi Mai-Msarki na Turanci suka yi amfani da shi

## Kimiyya da fasaha

* COMMON, babbar ƙungiyar masu amfani da kwamfutocin IBM na tsakiya
* COMMON, wata sanarwa ta Fortran
* Sunan mutum na yau da kullun amma ba sunan kimiyya na shuka ko dabba ba

## Sauran amfani

* Halin da aka saba da shi, halayyar da ba ta dace ba ko halin mutum ɗaya
* Common (kamfani), kamfani ne na Amurka wanda aka kafa a cikin 2015
* Common (doki), doki mai tsayi na Burtaniya
* Aikace-aikacen na gama gari, aikace-aikacen shigar kwaleji
* Ƙasa ta kowa ko gari na kowa, ƙasar da ƙungiyoyi da yawa ke raba wasu haƙƙoƙin gargajiya, kamar kiwon dabbobi ko tattara itace
* Harshen gama gari, wanda aka fi sani da lingua franca, yaren da masu magana da harsuna daban-daban ke iya amfani da shi
* Gidan Jama'a (jami'a)  ko ɗakin haɗuwa, ƙungiyoyin ɗalibai da ƙungiyar ilimi waɗanda ke ba da wakilci a cikin ƙungiyar kwaleji ko rayuwar kwana, don gudanar da wasu ayyuka a cikin waɗannan cibiyoyin kamar wanki ko nishaɗi, da kuma samar da damar yin hulɗa
* Gidan jama'a, sarari a cikin gini
* *Abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su* (rubutu), sunan haruffa na rubutun, lambar ISO  
* Kamel na yau da kullun
Turai

**Turai:** Wata nahiya ce da mafi yawanta ke Arewacin duniya da kuma kaɗan a yankin Gabashin duniya, wadda ke da muhimmanci a fannin tarihi, al'adu, da ci gaban kimiyya. 

Ta haɗa iyaka da Arctic Ocean daga arewa, Tekun Atalanta daga yamma, Tekun Bahar Rum daga kudu, da kuma Nahiyar Asiya daga gabas. Turai tana da faɗin ƙasar Eurasia haɗe da Asiya, da kuma Afro-Eurasia tare da Asiya da kuma Afurka.   Akan bayyana raɓewar turai na nahiyar Asiya ta kogin Tsibirin Ural, da kuma Kogin Ural, Tekun Caspian, Caucasus Mai Girma, Black Sea da kuma hanyoyin ruwa na Bosporus.

Ta shahara da kyawawan al'adu, birane masu tarihi, da kuma ƙarfin tattalin arziki. A cikin yankin, akwai ƙasashe da dama masu cin gashin kansu kowannensu na da salon mulki, harshe, da al'adun da suka bambanta. kuma suka raja a akansa.

## Tarihi:

An samo tarihin Turai tun kafin zamanin daular Roma, lokacin da tsoffin ƙabilu kamar su Celtics da Greeks suka fara rayuwa a can. Daular Roma ta yi tasiri sosai wajen yaɗa al'adunta, addininta, da tsarin mulki zuwa wasu sassan duniya. Bayan rugujewar daular Roma, Turai ta shiga wani lokaci na duhu, wanda daga baya aka san shi da Dark Ages.    

Sai dai daga ƙarni na sha huɗu, nahiyar ta sake farfadowa ta fuskar ilimi da kimiyya, wanda aka fi sani da Renaissance. Wannan lokaci ya kawo ci gaba sosai a fannoni daban-daban kamar fasaha, kimiyya, da falsafa.

## Yankuna da Kasashe:

Turai ta kasu kashi daban-daban kamar su:

*Arewacin Turai: Wanda ya haɗa da kasashen Sweden, Norway, da Finland.

*Yammacin Turai: Wanda kasashen Faransa, Jamus, da Holland suke ciki.

*Gabashin Turai: Kasashen Poland, Hungary, da Czech Republic suna nan.

*Kudancin Turai: Wanda ya kunshi Italiya, Spain, da Portugal.

## Tattalin Arziki:

Turai tana da karfin tattalin arziki, musamman a kasashe kamar Jamus, Faransa, da Italiya. Tarayyar Turai (EU) wani rukuni ne na kasashen Turai da suke aiki tare domin bunkasa tattalin arziki da zaman lafiya a nahiyar. 

Kungiyar EU tana da tasiri sosai wajen sauya yanayin kasuwanci, al'adu, da tsarin mulki a Turai.

## Al'adu da Yare:

Turai tana da yare da yawa, ciki har da Turanci, Faransanci, Jamusanci, da Italiyanci. Wannan bambancin yare ya taimaka wajen bunkasa al'adu daban-daban da ke jan hankalin yawon shakatawa daga sassan duniya. 

Musamman biranen Roma, Paris, da London suna da mashahurin tarihi da kuma wuraren tarihi kamar Colosseum, Eiffel Tower, da Big Ben.

## Manazarta:
Yar' Adua

**Yar'aduwa** suna namiji ne dan Najeriya da aka ba suna da lakabin asalin Hausa . Fitattun mutane masu amfani da sunan sun haɗa da:

* Umaru Musa Yar'Adua Tsohon shugaban kasar Najeriya .
* Shehu Musa Yar'Adua
* Musa Yar'Adua
* Abdulaziz Musa Yar'Adua

## Manazarta
Turai (suna)

**Turai** suna ne na mata wanda ake amfani a ƙasashenNajeriya da Nijar wanda aka fi sani da shi a tsakanin al'ummar Hausawa . Yana nufin " Bature ". 

## Fitattun mutane masu suna

* Turai Yar'Adua (an haife shi a shekara ta 1957), matar tsohon shugaban Najeriya.

## Magana
Harouna

**Harouna**, wanda kuma aka rubuta **Haruna**, sunan sunan musulmi ne na Afirka kuma an ba shi suna. An samo asali ne daga shari'ar tuhumar da ake yi wa sunan Larabci Harun. Fitattun mutane masu sunan sun haɗa da:

## Sunan da aka ba wa

; Haruna

* Harouna Lago (an haife shi a shekara ta 1946) shi ne ɗan damben damben Nijar
* Harouna Pale (an haife shi a shekara ta 1957) shi ne ɗan tseren Burkinabé
* Harouna Doula Gabde (an haife shi a shekara ta 1966), kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ta Nijar
* Harouna Diarra (an haife shi a shekara ta 1978) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Mali
* Harouna Bamogo (an haife shi a shekara ta 1983), shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Burkina Faso
* Harouna Garba (an haife shi a shekara ta 1986), ɗan ƙasar Nijar
* Harouna Ilboudo (an haife shi a shekara ta 1986), ɗan tseren keke na Burkinabe
* Harouna Abou Demba (an haife shi a shekara ta 1991) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Faransa kuma ɗan ƙasar Mauritaniya

; Haruna

* Haruna Ishola (1919–1983), mawakin Najeriya
* Haruna Ilerika (1949–2008), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya
* Haruna Abubakar (1952–2005), ɗan siyasan Najeriya a jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party
* Haruna Yakubu (an haife shi a shekara ta 1955), masanin kimiyyar lissafi dan Ghana kuma mai kula da ilimi
* Haruna Iddrisu (an haife shi a shekara ta 1970), ɗan siyasan Ghana, ɗan majalisar wakilai mai wakiltar Tamale ta Kudu, ministan kasuwanci da masana'antu.
* Haruna Doda (an haife shi a shekara ta 1975), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya a ƙasar Malta
* Haruna Babangida (an haife shi a shekara ta 1982) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya
* Haruna Moshi (an haife shi a shekara ta 1987), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Tanzaniya
* Haruna Niyonzima (an haife shi a shekara ta 1990), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Rwanda
* Haruna Chanongo (an haife shi a shekara ta 1991) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Tanzaniya
* Haruna Jammeh (an haife shi a shekara ta 1991) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Gambia a ƙasar Hungary
* Haruna Garba (an haife shi a shekara ta 1994), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya a ƙasar Sweden
* Haruna Kasolo Kyeyune, ɗan siyasan ƙasar Uganda, ɗan majalisar wakilai mai wakiltar gundumar Kyotera, gundumar Rakai.
* Haruna Mawa, kocin kwallon kafar Uganda
* Haruna Aziz Zeego, dan siyasar Najeriya, Sanata mai wakiltar Kaduna ta Kudu

## Sunan mahaifi

; Haruna

* Mohamed Harouna (an haife shi a shekara ta 1950), shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Mauritaniya kuma koci
* Idriss Harouna (an haife shi a shekara ta 1979) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Nijeriya
* Adamou Harouna, sojan Nijar wanda ya jagoranci juyin mulkin 2010

; Haruna

* IBM Haruna (an haife shi a shekarun 1940), Janar na Najeriya, Kwamishinan Yada Labarai da Al’adu na Tarayya
* Boni Haruna (an haife shi a shekara ta 1957), ɗan siyasan Najeriya, ministan ci gaban matasa
* Lawal Haruna (an haife shi a shekara ta 1957), Janar na Najeriya, gwamnan soja na jihar Borno a 1998 da 1999.
* Lukman Haruna (an haife shi a shekara ta 1990), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya

## Nassoshi
Maigari

**Maigari** sunan mahaifi ne ko sunan dangi da ake samu a sassan Afirka kudu da hamadar Sahara. Hausawa ke amfani da shi musamman a Najeriya da Kamaru da Nijar da Ghana da kuma ƙasar Libiya. 

## Fitattun mutane masu suna

* Muhammad Bello Maigari, Sarkin Adamawa (1924-1928)
* Mohammed Maigari Dingyadi, dan siyasar Najeriya
* Bello Bouba Maigari, dan siyasar Kamaru
* Aminu Maigari, Manajan ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya 

## Magana
Saratu

**Saratu** sunan mata ne musamman na mutanen Najeriya da Nijar da aka bayar da sunan da aka fi amfani da ita a tsakanin Musulmai, musamman a cikin al'ummar Hausawa da Yarbawa . An samo shi daga Larabci, "Maisaratun" (ta gajarta ga Saratu) yana nufin "alheri" ko "albarka."  Sunan shine bambancin Hausa na Sara ko Sarah da ake amfani da su a cikin harsuna daban-daban. 

## Fitattun mutane masu suna

* Saratu Gidado (1968 – 2024), Nigerian film actress.
* Saratu Iya Aliyu (an haife ta a shekara ta 1948), darektar kasuwanci ta Najeriya.
* Saratu Atta Ghanian lauya

## Magana
Ɓula

**Ɓula** abinci ne wanda ake sarrafa shi da gero. An fi sanin ɓula a Jihar Zamfara da wasu sassa dake Jihar Sokoto.

## Manazarta
Uzazi

"**Uzazi**" sunan ƴaƴan ita ruwa ne na Najeriya wato itacen 'prickly ash' na jinsin *Zanthoxylum tessmannii* / *Fagara tessmannii* / *Zanthoxylum gilletii*, dangin itatuwan Rutaceae, mai asali da ƙasashen Afirka ta Tsakiya da yammacin Afirka, kuma itacen na kama da barkono Sichuan . Yawancin lokaci yana nufin musamman ga kayan yaji da aka yi daga 'ya'yan itace da kuma pericarp, ko da yake a wasu lokuta ana amfani da wasu sassansa kamar ganyensa.           

Kowane gungu ya ƙunshi berries 20 zuwa 30. Kowane berry zagaye ne, yana da girman 3.5 zuwa 6 mm (1/8 inch zuwa 1/4 inch), yana da kututture, kuma ya ƙunshi babban baƙar fata. Berry yana juya ja idan ya girma. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun ƙunshi alkaloid da aka sani a cikin Yaren mutanen Holland kamar sanshol .  

An kwatanta shi da yaji kuma mai zafi, fiye da barkonon Sichuan, da ɗaci.   Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da shi ta hanyar niƙa shi a cikin foda a haɗa shi cikin miya, stews, kayan yaji, da miya.     Ko a Afirka ta Yamma wannan kayan yaji ne da ba kasafai bakuma yawanci busassun 'ya'yan itace biyar ko shida kawai ake sakawa a cikin tasa. 

A cikin magani na ganye, ana amfani dashi don magance ciwace-ciwacen daji da raunuka. 

Sunan kayan yaji ya samo asali ne daga harshen Inyamuranci, wani yare a Najeriya, inda ake noman kayan yaji da kuma girbe shi ta hanyar kasuwanci.

## Magana
Harshen Auyokawa

**Auyokawa**, wanda kuma aka fi sani da **Tirio**, wani yare ne na rukunin Afro-Asiatic wanda a da ake magana da shi a ƙaramar hukumar Auyo, jihar Jigawa, Najeriya amma a yanzu harshen ya ɓace. 

## Manazarta
Zethu Matebeni

**Zethu Matebeni** masanin ilimin zamantakewa ne, mai fafutuka, marubuci, mai shirya fina-finai, Farfesa kuma Shugaban Bincike na Afirka ta Kudu a ilimin jimai da na jinsi a Jami'ar Fort Hare.Ta rike mukamai a Jami'ar Western Cape kuma ta kasance babban mai bincike a Cibiyar Nazarin Dan Adam a Afirka (HUMA) a UCT .  

## Manazarta
Harshen Pulaar

**Pulaar** (a cikin Adlam, a cikin Ajami) yare ne na Fula wanda mutanen Fula da Toucouleur ke magana da farko a matsayin yare na farko Wanda yafi kowane yare shahara a yankin kwarin Kogin Senegal wanda aka fi sani da Futa Tooro da kuma kudu da gabas. Masu magana mafi hikimar zance da yaren pulaar, waɗanda aka sani da Haalpulaar'en mazauna a kasar Senegal, Mauritania, Gambiya, da yammacin Mali. Manyan masu magana da Pulaar guda biyu sune mutanen Toucouleur da Fulɓe (wanda aka fi sani da Fulani ko Peul).  Pulaar ita ce yaren gida na biyu da aka fi furtawa dayin magana a Senegal, kasancewar yare ne na farko ga kusan kashi 22% na yawan jama'a na amfani da yaren. Wannan yana da alaƙa da kashi 23.7% na ƙasar da Pulaar tanada yawan kabilu na yawan jama'a. yaren pulaar na ɗaya daga cikin yarukan ƙasa na Senegal mafi shahara tare da wasu 13. An shigar da shi a matsayin harshen hukuma, Wanda ya kasance a hukumance na Senegal ta hanyar dokar Shugaban kasa a shekarar 1971.  Akwai kusan sanannun yaruka 28 na Pulaar, mafi yawansu suna fahimtar juna. Yaren Pulaar, da sauran yarukan Afirka ta Yamma, galibi ana ambaton su a ƙarƙashin kalmar laima 'Fula'. Pulaar a matsayin harshen magana, duk da haka, ba a yawan ambaton shi a matsayin 'Fula'.

A cewar Ethnologue akwai nau'ikan yare da yawa kasar, amma duk suna fahimtar juna a dalilin Yan uwa taka ta kusa.

## Manazarta
RFA Darkdale

**RFA **'Darkdale****' wani tanki ne na Dale-class na Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA), wanda aka ƙaddamar a ranar 23 ga watan Yuli shekara ta 1940 a matsayin Empire Oil, an kammala shi a watan Nuwamba a shekara ta 1940 kuma an canja shi zuwa RFA a matsayin Darkdale . An nutse ta a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu a ranar 22 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 1941 a jirgin ruwa na Jamus U-68. Rushewarta a James Bay daga Saint HelenaJamestown, Saint Helena ta ci gaba da zubar da mai, wanda sana diyar haka mn ne ya haifar da barazanar muhalli da ba cewar ruwan bakin teku na Saint Helena, har sai Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta zubar da tankunan jirgin a cikin shekara ta 2015.

## Tarihi
## Manazarta
Rubaya mines

Ma'adanan Rubaya, wanda kuma aka fi sani da Bibatama Mining Concession, jerin wuraren hakar ma'adinai ne a kusa da garin Rubaya a cikin Masisi Territory, Arewacin Kivu, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo. A hukumance, Société Minière de Bisunzu Sarl (SMB) ne ke riƙe da lasisin hakar ma'adinan, wanda ke da alaƙa da dan majalisar dattawan Kongo Édouard Mwangachuchu. Takamaimai wuraren sun haɗa da Bibatama D2, Luwowo, Gakombe D4, Koyi, Mataba D2, Bundjali, da Bibatama.
Sahrawis

**Sahrawis, ko Sahrawi** (Larabci: صحراويون ṣaḥrāwīyūn), ƙabila ce ta asalin yankin yammacin hamadar Sahara, wanda ya haɗa da Sahara ta Yamma, Kudancin Maroko, yawancin Mauritania, da kuma tare daiyakar kudu maso yammacin Aljeriya. Su na gauraye ne Hassani Larabawa  da Sanhaji Berber , da kuma  Afirka ta Yamma { da sauran 'yan asalin ƙasar.Sahrawis sun ƙunshi kabilu da yawa kuma galibinsu masu magana da yaren Hassaniya na Larabci. 

## Ilimin Halin Rayuwa
Kalmar Larabci Saḥrāwī (صحراوي) a zahiri tana nufin "Mazaunin Hamada". Kalmar Sahrawi ta samo asali ne daga kalmar Saḥrā' (صحراء), ma'ana "Hamada". Ana kiran namiji Sahrawi, mace kuma ana kiranta Sahrawiya. A cikin wasu harsuna ana furta shi ta hanyoyi iri ɗaya ko mabanbanta:

Berber: Aseḥrawi ⴰⵙⴻⵃⵔⴰⵡⵉ ko Aneẓrofan  Turanci: Sahrawi ko Saharawi Mutanen Espanya: Saharaui (saharauita, saharuiya) Faransanci: Sahraoui Italiyanci: Saharaui, Sahraui, Sabras ko Saharawi Fotigal: SaarauísJamusanci: Sahraui(s)

## Manazarta
Rhene ruwa

## Etimology da taxonomy
Rhene amanzi wani nau'in gizo-gizo ne mai tsalle, memba ne na dangin Salticidae, wanda Wanda Wesołowska da Charles Haddad suka fara bayyanawa a cikin shekara ta alif dubu biyu da goma sha ukku 2013. Yana daya daga cikin nau'o'i daban-daban sama da 500 da Wesołowska ta gano a cikin aikinta, wanda ya sa ta zama marubuciya mafi yawa a cikin horo tun lokacin Eugène Simon .  Sun ba da shi ga jinsin *Rhene*, wanda aka sanya masa suna bayan sunan mace na Girkanci wanda aka raba ta hanyar almara. An sanya wa jinsin suna ne bayan Amanzi Private Game Reserve, inda aka tattara misalin farko.
## Manazarta
Harshen Pular

**Harshen Pular** shine tsarin Wanda ya tabbata abisa ka'idojin tsarin da ke mulkin yaren Pular, ɗaya ne daga cikin yarukan Fula na dangin yaren kasashen Nijar-Congo da ake magana dasu a Yammacin Afirka. Yana da rikitarwa kuma ya bambanta da sauran dangogin yaruka daga yanki zuwa yanki. Wannan na iya bayyana dalilin da ya sa kusan ba zai yiwu a sami wallafe-wallafen da mukalloli da ke koyar da batutuwa  na chigaba masu ci a cikin harshen Pular ba. Bayani mai zuwa ya shafi yadda yaren Pular da ake magana a Futa jalon. Don sauƙaƙe ilmantarwa, ana fassara duk maganganu zuwa yaren Turanci.

## Sunayen, sunaye da adjectives

### Sunaye da abubuwan da suka faru
Tunda labarai   sunaye sunsamu bambanta sosai, ya fi kyau a koyi kowane sunan a ware, Pular tare sahihan  labaran da suka dace. Har ila yau, yana da amfani sosai don koyon nau'ikan jam'i da nau'ikan sunayen Pular a  tare saboda babu dokoki masu sauƙi dasuka a bayyane don tafiya daga nau'ikan guda zuwa nau'ikan Jam'i a zance, duk da haka, ana iya yin wasu ƙididdiga.

* Sunayen Pular ba su da ma'anar da ba ta da iyaka. Don haka aka cire labarin yaren  a cikin Turanci a cikin Pular. Misali: hannu = *jungo*.
* Abubuwan da aka fi sani da su, da suka danganci sunayen jam'i sune: __yue____yue____yan____yue__ (wanda aka tanada don sunayen da ke nuna mutane da yawa), ɗin, da kuma gara. Ana amfani da labaran biyu na ƙarshe don sunayen da ke nufin abu guda ko abubuwa dayawa. Wannan ya **da** da "the" a cikin yaren Turanci.
* An yi amfani da nau'i ɗaya na wani abu mafi kusanci wajen fassar mukalar, kuma ana amfani da shi don sunayen da ke nuna mutum ɗaya kokuma sauran jam'o'i na kalmomi. 
* Sunayen da aka shigo da su daga wasu makwabtan harsuna, musamman yaren Faransanci, suna bin wasu alamu na tsarurruka iri daya. A cikin nau'i na musamman na sunan, takamaiman labarin yan**a kan** (akwai wasu yanayi inda wasu labaran zasu iya aiki, amma labarin da **a kan** yana aiki koyaushe). Idan sunan yana nuna wani abu ko wata abu, ana kirkirar nau'in jam'i na sunan ta hanyar ƙara harafin ̊ **ji** a ƙarshen nau'in guda ɗaya, kuma ana amfani da harafin din a matsayin labarin don nau'in Jam'i. Idan sunan da aka shigo da shi yana nuna mutum, nau'in sunan zai ƙare da harafin **jo**, amma nau'in jam'i zai ƙare da hanyar, kuma ana amfani da shi azaman labarin don nau'in Jam'i.

## Manazarta
Na'urar hangen nesa ta redcliff

**Na'urar hangen nesa ta Radcliffe** shine 74 a cikin (1.9m) na gani/kusa da infrared mai nuna na'urar hangen nesa wanda yake a Cibiyar Kula da Astronomical ta yankin Afirka ta Kudu a Sutherland, Arewacin Cape, Afirka ta Kudu. Lokacin da aka kammala ginin a cikin shekarar 1948, Radcliffe shine mafi girman na'urar hangen nesa a Kudancin Hemisphere, kuma haɗin gwiwa-na huɗu mafi girma a duniya. An sanye da na'urar hangen nesa da kewayon na'urori masu aiki don daukar hoto, spectroscopy da polarimetry. Kwararrun masana ilmin taurari ne ke amfani da waɗannan don gudanar da bincike mai faɗi da yawa.

## Labari

## Yanki
Ƙarin bayani: Radcliffe Observatory John Radcliffe, wanda amintaccen sadaka ya ba da gudummawar Radcliffe Observatory John Radcliffe (1650–1714) likitan Ingilishi ne kuma memba na Majalisar; Almajirinsa shine Jami'ar Oxford. Bai taba yin aure ba kuma ba shi da magada, don haka da ya rasu ya yi wasiyya da dimbin dukiyarsa ta sadaka. Wannan Radcliffe Trust ya ba da tallafin ayyukan jama'a a ciki da wajen Oxford, gami da Kamara na Radcliffe da Radcliffe Infirmary. Bisa shawarar Thomas Hornsby, a cikin shekarar b1773 dogara ya kafa Radcliffe Observatory a lokacin da ke bayan arewacin Oxford: ita ce cibiyar lura ta dindindin ta biyu da aka kafa a Biritaniya (bayan Greenwich Observatory). Wannan dakin binciken ya gudanar da bincike kan ilmin taurari, tun farko a karkashin jagorancin Farfesa Savilian na Jami'ar Oxford. A cikin 1839 Radcliffe Trust ta fara ba da tallafin kai tsaye ga Radcliffe Observer don gudanar da binciken, kuma lura a Oxford ya ci gaba da amfani ga mafi yawan ƙarni na gaba.

## Manazarta
Cecil Rhodes

## Asalin
An haifi Rhodes a shekara ta 1853 a Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire, kasar Ingila, ɗan na biyar na Reverend Francis William Rhodes ne (a shekara ta 1807 zuwa shekara ta 1878) da matarsa, Louisa Peacock .  Francis wani limami ne na Ikilisiyar Ingila wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da Brentwood, Essex a (shekara ta 1834 zuwa shekara ta 1843), sannan kuma a matsayin mai ba da izini na Bishop's Stortford a (shekara ta 1849 zuwa shekara ta 1876), inda aka san shi sosai saboda bai taɓa yin wa'azi ba fiye da minti goma.

Francis shi ne ɗan fari a wajan William Rhodes ( shekara ta 1774 zuwa shekara ta 1855), mai ƙera tubali daga Hackney, Middlesex . Iyalin sun mallaki manyan kadarori a Hackney da Dalston a kasar London wanda Cecil daga baya ya gaji shi.

Tsohon kakannin Cecil Rhodes shine James Rhodes (fl.1660) na Snape Green, Whitmore, Staffordshire .  'Yan uwan Cecil sun hada da Frank Rhodes, jami'in Sojojin kasar Burtaniya.
## Manazarta
Evans Rutto

**Evans Rutto** (an haife shi 8 Afrilu 1978 a Marakwet) ɗan tsere ne na Kenya. Ya yi tseren marathon na farko mafi sauri ta hanyar lashe tseren Marathon na Chicago a 2003 a cikin 2:05:50. Ya lashe gasar Marathon na London da kuma kambu na biyu a Chicago a shekara mai zuwa.

Bayan 2004, tasirin Rutto yayi kasa sosai, sai a cikin 2006 ya dauki lokaci daga tseren gudun fanfalaki saboda rauni. Har yanzu bai koma gasa ba, kodayake mafi kyawun nasa har yanzu yana sa shi cikin manyan 20 mafi saurin gudu a kowane lokaci.
 

## Manazarta
Ragatinus Maddisoni

**Ragatinus maddisoni** shine nau'in nau'in nau'in jinsin Ragatinus. Wani nau'i ne na gizo-gizo mai tsalle wanda ya zama ruwan dare a Kenya, yana zaune a yankunan dajin afromontane. Da farko an bayyana shi a cikin 2016 ta Angelika Dawidowicz da Wanda Wesołowska, an ba shi suna bayan masanin ilimin kimiya na zamani Wayne Maddison. gizo-gizo yana da matsakaicin girma kuma gabaɗaya launin ruwan kasa mai haske, tare da cephalothorax wanda ke tsakanin 2.0 da 3.0 mm (0.079 da 0.118 in) tsayi da ciki tsakanin 2.2 da 4.0 mm (0.087 da 0.157 in) tsayi. Yana da kafafu masu launin ruwan kasa, na gaba-gaba sun fi tsayi da duhu. An fi bambanta nau'in cikin sauƙi daga sauran gizo-gizo ta hanyar gabobin da ke tattare da su. Mace tana da baƙin ciki mai siffar triangular a tsakiyar epigyne kuma namiji yana da hakora tare da haƙoran da ke manne da tushe na lanƙwasa.

## Haraji
Ragtinus maddisoni gizo-gizo ne mai tsalle wanda Angelika Dawidowicz da Wanda Wesołowska suka fara bayyana shi a cikin 2016. Yana daya daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan sama da 500 da Masanin ilimin kiwo na Poland Wesołowska ya gano yayin aikinta. An ba shi suna nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in sabon nau'in Ragatinus, wanda aka fara bayyana a lokaci guda. Sunan wannan jinsin ga dajin Ragati a kan gangaren dutsen Kenya inda aka fara samun gizo-gizo. Sunan nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i na Wayne Maddison. Halin jinsin memba ne na ƙabilar Thiratoscirtina, wanda Maddison da kansa shi ne ya fara bayyana ɗan gajeren lokaci a baya, tare da lura cewa yana da yawa ga Afirka.. Ya jera shi, wanda kuma ya haɗa da jinsin Ajaraneola da Cembalea, Gramenca da Lamottella, a cikin kabilar Aelurillini, a cikin rukunin Saltafresia a cikin clade Salticoida. A cikin 2017, Jerzy Prószyński ya sanya nau'in a cikin rukuni na jinsin mai suna Euodenines. Yana da alaƙa da asalin Macaroeris.

## Manazarta
Ruzizi Plain

Filin Ruzizi (Faransanci: Plaine de la Ruzizi) wani kwari ne da ke tsakanin sarkar dutsen Mitumba da kogin Ruzizi. Yana nan ne a matsayin iyakar kasa, wanda ke raba Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo (DRC) daga Burundi da Rwanda a daya bangaren. Filin Ruzizi wani yanki ne na babban yankin yammacin Rift Valley, wanda ya mamaye kasashen Afirka da dama. Kogin Ruzizi ne ya ratsa shi, wanda ke kwarara daga tafkin Kivu ta fili zuwa tafkin Tanganyika.
Giuseppe Salvago Raggi

**Giuseppe Salvago Raggi** (17 Mayu 1866 - 28 Fabrairu 1946) ɗan diplomasiyyar Italiya ne, an haife shi a Genoa. Shi ɗan Paris ne Maria Salvago da Violante Raggi. Mahaifinsa shi ne Bayan mutuwar mahaifiyarsa a 1867, ya sami Raggi a matsayin sunan sunansa na biyu a cikin Janairu 1881, "don tunawa da mahaifiyarsa". Mahaifinsa, mai gida mai ra'ayin Katolika-mai sassaucin ra'ayi, ya kasance mataimaki a Majalisar Dokoki ta Goma. Giuseppe Salvago Raggi ya sauke karatu a ranar 29 ga Mayu 1887 daga Makarantar Kimiyyar zamantakewa a Florence, wanda mahaifinsa ya taimaka wajen samo shi. Makarantar ta wakilci kololuwar horarwa ga masu mulki musamman ma ajin diflomasiyya. Bayan shawarar da mahaifinsa ya ba shi, ya yi tafiya zuwa kasashe daban-daban a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Ya rubuta waɗannan tafiye-tafiye a cikin Wasiƙarsa dall'Oriente (Wasiƙun Gabas). Komawa Italiya, ya fara aikinsa na diflomasiyya a 1889.

Ya kasance jakadan Italiya a China (1899-1901) da Faransa. Shi ne gwamnan Somaliland na mulkin mallaka na Italiya (1906-1907) da Eritrea (1907-1915). An san shi sosai don sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar dambe a madadin Masarautar Italiya.

## Manazarta
Shirin Mafaka na Rwanda

Haɗin gwiwar Hijira da ci gaban Tattalin Arziƙi na Burtaniya da Rwanda [a] wata manufar shige da fice ce da gwamnatocin Boris Johnson, Liz Truss da Rishi Sunak suka gabatar inda mutanen da Burtaniya ta bayyana a matsayin baƙi ba bisa ƙa'ida ba ko kuma masu neman mafaka za a ƙaura zuwa Rwanda don sarrafa su. , mafaka da sake matsugunni. Wadanda suka yi nasara wajen neman mafaka da sun kasance a Ruwanda, kuma da ba a basu izinin komawa Birtaniya ba. Birtaniya za ta saka hannun jari a wani asusu na raya kasa ga Ruwanda da kuma tallafa wa 'yan ci-rani na kudade don ƙaura da matsuguni don ƙaura zuwa Ruwanda.
Rundunar Tsaro ta Rwanda

*'Rundunar Tsaro ta Rwand* (RDF, Kinyarwanda: Ingabo z'u Rwanda, Faransanci: Forces rwandaises de défense, Swahili: Nguvu ya Ulinzi ya Watu wa Rwanda) sojan Jamhuriyar Ruwanda ne. Da farko dai an san sojojin kasar da sunan Forces armées rwandaises (FAR), amma bayan yakin basasar Rwanda na 1990-1994 da kuma kisan kiyashi a 1994 da aka yi wa Tutsi, kungiyar kishin kasa ta Rwandan Patriotic Front (Inkotanyi) mai nasara ta sake sanya mata suna Ruwandan Patriotic Army (RPA). ), sunan sojojinta a lokacin gwagwarmayar 1990-1994. Daga baya, an sake masa suna zuwa sunansa na yanzu.  

## Manazarta
Harshen Punic

**Harshen Yaren  Punic**, wanda kuma ake kira Phoenicio-Punic ko Carthaginian, wani nau'i ne na Harshen Phoenician, Harshen Kan'ana na Yankin reshen Arewa maso Yammacin Semitic na yaren Harsunan Semitic. Wani reshe ne na harshen yaren Phoenician na gabar tekun Yammacin Asiya (Lebanon na zamani da arewa maso yammacin Siriya), an fi magana da shi a bakin tekun Yankin  Bahar Rum na Yankin  Arewa maso Yammacin Afirka, da Yankin Iberian dake da tsibirai da yawa na Bahar Rum, kamar Malta, Sicily, da Sardinia ta Mutanen Punic, ko Yammacin Phoenicians, a duk zamanin d ̄ a, daga karni na 8 BC zuwa karni na 6 AD.

## Tarihi

### Tarihin Farko
An yi la'akari da Punic a hankali ya rabu da iyayensa na yaren Phoenician a lokacin da Carthage ya zama babban birni na Phoenicians a ƙarƙashin Mago I, amma yunkurin masana don tsara yarukan ba su da wani daidaito tsakani kuma gabaɗaya ba su da wata  yarjejeniya da rarrabuwa ba.

Yan kabilar Punic sun kasance suna hulɗa da ƙasar Phoenicia har izuwa lokacin da halakar Carthage a Doron kasa ta Jamhuriyar Roma a cikin 146 BC. Da farko, babu bambanci mai wani yawa tsakanin Phoenician da Punic. Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin yaren kafin shekarar 146 BC an ɓoye su daga sauran kabilu ta hanyar bin marubutan Carthaginian ga rubutun gargajiya na kabilar Phoenician, amma akwai alamun lokaci-lokaci cewa ilimin sauti da harshe na Punic yakanyi fara bambanta da Phoenician bayan karni na shida BC. Shaidar da ta fi dacewa game da wannan ta fito ne daga Motya  a yammacin Sicily, amma kuma akwai alamun shi a cikin rubuce-rubucen masu wallafa na Carthaginian na ƙarni na shida kuma ba a san ko waɗannan abubuwan sun fara ne a yammacin Sicilia kuma sun bazu zuwa Yankin Afirka ko akasin haka. Daga ƙarni na biyar , ana samun ka'idojin haruffa, orthographic, da phonological a rubuce-rubucen Punic a duk yammacin Bahar Rum, mai yiwuwa saboda tasirin karfin Carthaginian.
## Manazarta