Violette Neatley Anderson

**Violette Neatley Anderson** (16 ga Yuli, 1882 - 24 ga Disamba, 1937)   ta zama mace 'yar asalin Amurka ta farko da ta fara aikin lauya a gaban Kotun Koli ta Amurka a ranar 29 ga Janairu, 1926. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu fafutukar kare haƙƙin masu hannun jari a Kudu, Dokar Bankhead-Jones .

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Violette Neatley Anderson a Landan a shekarar 1882 ga mahaifiyar Jamus kuma mahaifinta ɗan asalin Indiya ta Yamma. Ta ƙaura zuwa Chicago tare da iyalinta tun tana ƙarama. 

Anderson ta kammala karatunta daga Makarantar Sakandare ta North Division a shekarar 1899 kuma ta halarci Chicago Athenaeum. Sha'awarta ga lauya ta fara ne lokacin da ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto a kotu daga 1905 zuwa 1920. Ta halarci taron karawa juna sani na Chicago tsakanin 1912 da 1915 sannan ta sami digirin LL.B. daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Chicago a shekarar 1920.

## Rayuwar aure
A shekarar 1903, Anderson ta auri mijinta na farko, Albert Johnson, amma wannan auren ya ƙare da saki. Daga nan ta auri Dr. Daniel H. Anderson a watan Disamba na 1906, mijinta na biyu, kuma ta ɗauki sunansa na ƙarshe. 

## Sana'a
Anderson ta buɗe ofishinta na sirri bayan kammala karatunta. Ta ci gaba da aiki a matsayin mace ta farko mai gabatar da ƙara a birnin Chicago daga 1922 zuwa 1923. A ranar 29 ga Janairu, 1926, ita ce mace baƙar fata ta farko da aka amince da ita ta yi aiki a Kotun Ƙoli ta Amurka. 

Ta kuma gudanar da hukumar bayar da rahoto a kotu, a matsayin mataimakiyar lauya mai gabatar da kara, kuma ta zama mataimakiyar shugabar kungiyar lauyoyi ta Cook County (1920-1926).  Bugu da ƙari, ta hanyar zama ɗaya daga cikin mace baƙar fata ta farko da ta kammala karatunta daga makarantar lauya a Illinois, ta kuma zama mace baƙar fata ta farko da ta amince ta yi aiki ta hanyar jarrabawar hukumar masu jarrabawa ta jihar, mace baƙar fata ta farko da ta yarda ta yi aiki a gaban Kotun Koli, mace ta farko da ta shiga aikin lauya a jihar Illinois, mace baƙar fata ta farko da ta amince da ita a Kotun Gundumar Amurka, Sashen Gabashin Illinois, mace baƙar fata ta farko da aka naɗa a matsayin mataimakiyar lauya mai gabatar da kara a Chicago, da kuma mataimakiyar shugabar ƙungiyar lauyoyi ta Cook County (1920-1926). 

### Dokar Masu Hayar Gona ta Bankhead-Jones ta 1937

Violette Neatly Anderson ta kasance babbar mai bayar da shaida wajen goyon bayan Dokar Bankhead-Jones. Bugu da ƙari, Anderson ya kasance mai himma wajen yin kira ga Majalisar Dokokin Amurka don tallafawa Dokar Bankhead-Jones a shekarar 1936. Wannan Dokar tana da nufin samar wa masu hannun jari da manoman haya rancen kuɗi mai ƙarancin riba don siyan ƙananan gonaki, kuma an tsara ta ne don mayar da matalauta manoman gonaki ma'aikatan gona zuwa masu gonaki. Daga ƙarshe Shugaba Franklin D. Roosevelt ya sanya hannu kan wannan Dokar ta zama doka a shekarar 1937. 

## Kasancewar memba na rukuni
Anderson ta kasance memba a ƙungiyar mata masu launi ta tarayya da kuma ƙungiyar mata masu zaɓe . Ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar Friendly Big Sisters League of Chicago, mataimakiyar shugaba ta farko ta ƙungiyar lauyoyi ta Cook County, da kuma sakatariyar ƙungiyar masu mallakar gidaje ta Idlewild. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin memba na kwamitin zartarwa na Majalisar Hukumomin Jin Daɗi ta Chicago.

### Zeta Phi Beta
An san ta da aikinta da ƙungiyar Zeta Phi Beta .  Kafin ta zama Grand Basileus na 8, ta kasance memba. Kafin ta mutu, ta bayar da gidanta na bazara a Idlewild ga ƙungiyar. Ƙungiyar tana karrama ta kowace shekara a watan Afrilu a ranar "Ranar Violette Anderson." 

A matsayinta na Shugabar Ƙasa, Violette Anderson ta nemi reshen Lambda Zeta a shekarar 1937 da ta ɗauki nauyin wani babban taro na ƙasa da za a yi a Houston, Texas. Babu wata ƙungiya mai haruffan Girkanci baƙaƙe (ɗaya daga cikin tara na Allahntaka ) da ta taɓa yin babban taro na ƙasa a kudancin layin Mason-Dixon .  Wannan babban nasara ne, tare da amincewa da gaskiyar cewa an gudanar da taron a ɓangaren kasuwancin baƙaƙe na tsakiyar birnin Houston. Dole ne a samar da abinci ta gidan cin abinci na YWCA, domin babu gidajen cin abinci da ake da su ga baƙaƙe a tsakiyar birnin Houston. Ta kuma taimaka wajen ɗaukar wakilai, membobi, da abokai daban-daban a lokacin taron.

## Manazarta