Clara Stauffer

**Clara Stauffer** (1904) 4 ga Oktoba, 1984) ta kasance mai aiki a layin Falangist na Sipaniya da Nazi . Ta kasance memba na Sección Femenina, wata ƙungiyar Falangist ta mata, a lokacin Yaƙin Basasa na Sipaniya . Ta yi aiki a matsayin babbar mai yada farfaganda sannan daga baya ta zama shugabar harkokin ƙasashen waje. Ta kasance cikin ƙoƙarin ƙungiyar don ƙarfafa alaƙar da ke tsakanin Francoist Spain da Nazi Jamus a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu . Bayan yaƙin, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu fasa kwaurin 'yan Nazi, tana ba su mafaka a Spain da kuma shirya tafiyarsu zuwa Argentina.

## Rayuwar Farko da Yaƙin Basasa na Spain
An haifi Clara Stauffer a Madrid a shekarar 1904.  Mahaifinta Konrad Stauffer ne, wani kamfanin giya na Jamus wanda ya ɗauki nauyin kamfanin giya na Mahou bayan ya yi ƙaura zuwa Spain a shekarar 1889.  Mahaifiyarta ita ce Clara Sofía Loewe,  memba ce daga cikin fitattun dangin Loewe.  Stauffer ta yi ɗan lokacin yarinta a Jamus,  : 133 yayin da take yin lokaci a tsakanin manyan al'umma a Madrid.  Ta riga ta zama fitacciyar mace a Madrid a shekarar 1931 saboda nasarorin da ta samu a wasanni a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa mata na farko a birnin,  inda ta yi fice a ninkaya da wasan tsere kan dusar ƙanƙara.  : 133 Stauffer ta lashe gasar ninkaya a shekarar 1931 ta hanyar ketare tafkin Peñalara cikin ƙasa da mintuna biyu,  kuma a shekarar 1938 ita ce mace ta farko da ta yi ƙoƙarin tseren tsere na Flying Kilometer na St. Moritz . Ta kasa kammala gasar ta ƙarshe, amma a wani lokaci ta sami gudun  .  : 133 Domin ta ci gaba da samun ƙwarewarta ta wasanni, ta dage kan tafiya duk inda ta zagaya birnin. Baya ga wasannin motsa jiki, tana da harsuna da yawa kuma tana iya buga piano. 

Stauffer ya koma Spain har abada a shekarar 1936.  : 133 Ta kasance memba na Sección Femenina kuma abokiyar shugabar ta Pilar Primo de Rivera .  : 182 A lokacin Yaƙin Basasa na Spain, Stauffer ya yi aiki a matsayin babban mai yada farfaganda na Sección Femenina kuma shi ne ke da alhakin buga jaridunta.   : 133  : 46 Ta ba da shawarar "Auxilio Invierno" a matsayin sunan asali na ƙungiyar agaji ta Nationalist a lokacin Yaƙin Basasa na Spain, inda ta sanya mata suna bayan *Winterhilfe*, duka biyun suna fassara zuwa "Taimakon Lokacin Hutu".  : 30 Stauffer ta goyi bayan siyasa mai tsattsauran ra'ayi da shugabannin siyasa na bangaren dama, tana ajiye manyan hotunan Francisco Franco, José Antonio Primo de Rivera, Adolf Hitler, da Benito Mussolini a bango a ofishinta.  : 46 A wannan shekarar, ta buga wani littafi game da Sección Femenina.  : 133 

## Haɗin gwiwar Nazi
A shekarar 1943, Stauffer ya raka Pilar Primo de Rivera zuwa Jamus a wani aiki na ƙarfafa dangantaka tsakanin Jamus da Spain.  : 134  : 182 A wannan tafiyar, ta haɗu da jami'in diflomasiyyar Nazi , tsakanin sauran manyan 'yan Nazi. Ana kyautata zaton Stauffer da Faupel sun yi aiki tare akai-akai bayan wannan, musamman a aikinsu na kare 'yan Nazi.  : 134 

Bayan ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu a Turai, Stauffer ta zama babbar jigo a cikin ayyukan agaji na Spain da Jamus, wanda ta taimaka wajen samar da shi tare da José Boos.   : 491 Gwamnatin Spain ta amince da aikin a hankali amma ta shawarce su da kada su yi talla ko kuma su tabbatar da aikinsu sosai.  : 491 A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, ta yi aiki don ɓoyewa da neman aiki ga 'yan Nazi da ke tserewa zuwa Spain, kuma ta shiga cikin ƙungiyoyin kare haƙƙin 'yan Nazi da suka yi safarar 'yan Nazi zuwa Argentina.  Johannes Bernhardt, wani ɗan kasuwa ɗan Jamus-Spanish ne ya ɗauki nauyin aikinta.  : 137 

Yawancin ayyukanta sun haɗa da tabbatar da sakin 'yan Nazi da aka tsare a Spain, kamar waɗanda ke sansanin ɗaurin kurkuku na Sobron, ta hanyar ɗaukar nauyinsu a matsayin wata ƙungiyar agaji. [1] : 137 [2] : 493 Gidan Stauffer ya zama cibiyar ayyukan fasa-kwauri, kuma ta ajiye kayayyaki da yawa don zama abin ɓoye ga 'yan Nazi. [3] Kayanta sun yi yawa; ɗan uwanta ya bayyana kowane ɗaki a matsayin "cike da takalma da yawa, riguna, jaket, wando, safa, da safar hannu". [1] : 136 An kiyasta cewa ta taimaka wa 'yan Nazi 800 wajen tserewa zuwa Spain, [4] ciki har da mutane kamar Léon Degrelle, Otto Skorzeny, da Adolf Eichmann . [3] [5]

Ayyukan Stauffer sun bayyana a bainar jama'a a ranar 23 ga Janairu 1945, bayan da 'yar jaridar Birtaniya Sefton Delmer ta buga wata hira da ita a jaridar *Daily Express* . An yi zargin cewa hirar ta shafi aikinta na taimaka wa 'yan gudun hijira, amma an haɗa ta da wata sanarwa da ba a bayyana sunanta ba daga wani ɗan Nazi, wanda aka sanya wa hannu a "Rodak", yana bayyana cewa 'yan gudun hijirar Nazi ne kawai suka tsere daga shari'a.  Shekaru biyu bayan haka, an saka sunanta a cikin jerin mutanen da Majalisar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Allied Control Council ke nema saboda hannunsu a laifukan Nazi. Ita kaɗai ce mace a cikin jerin, kuma ita ce ke da alhakin ba da mafaka ga sauran da yawa.  Ta ci gaba da hulɗa da gwamnatin Spain, wanda ya ba da izinin ayyukanta kuma ya hana a mayar da ita.  : 134 A shekarar 1948, Stauffer ta kamu da ciwon pleurisy, wanda aka danganta shi da yawan aiki da tafiye-tafiye da take yi a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar masu fama da cutar.  : 133 

## Mutuwa da gado
Stauffer ta zauna a Madrid har tsawon rayuwarta, inda ta kasance fitacciyar mamba a rayuwar zamantakewa ta birnin. Ta mutu a Madrid a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 1984.  Ta kasance babbar jaruma a cikin littattafan tarihi guda biyu: *Los pozos de la nieve* na Berta Vias Mahou (Acantilado, 2008; Ladera Norte, 2024) da *Los pacientes del doctor García* na Almudena Grandes ,.   Eva Llorach kuma ta nuna ta a cikin kwaikwayon talabijin na wannan suna . 

## Manazarta