Menahem Pressler

**Menahem Pressler** (Ibraniyawa; 16 ga Disamba 1923 - 6 ga Mayu 2023) ɗan asalin ƙasar Jamus ne ɗan ƙasar Isra'ila kuma malamin jami'a. Ya kafa kungiyar Beaux Arts Trio a 1955 kuma ya yi aiki tare da kungiyar har zuwa lokacin da aka rushe ta a 2008, yana wasa a daruruwan rikodin da kide-kide. Ya koyar a Jami'ar Indiana Bloomington, kuma an bayyana wasansa kamar yadda aka mayar da hankali kan ladabi, daɗi, da haske.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haife shi Max Jakob Pressler a Magdeburg a ranar 16 ga Disamba 1923, ya fara karatun piano yana da shekaru shida.[1] Pressler Bayahude ne; iyayensa suna da shagon tufafin maza wanda Nazis suka lalata a lokacin kisan gilla a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba 1938. Iyalin sun tsere daga Nazi Jamus a 1939, da farko zuwa Fascist Italiya, sannan zuwa Haifa a Mandatory Palestine (yanzu Isra'ila). Matashin Pressler ya sha wahala daga cututtukan cin abinci kuma yana cikin haɗarin yunwa, daga baya ya tuna jin Piano Sonata na Beethoven No. 31 ya taimaka masa ya warkar da shi. Kakanninsa, kawunsa, kawunsa da 'yan uwansa sun mutu a Sansanin Nazi a yakin duniya na biyu.

Pressler ya fara amfani da Sunan Ibrananci Menahem a matsayin sunansa. Ya shiga kuma ya lashe gasar Piano ta Debussy International a San Francisco a 1946, wanda ya kaddamar da aikinsa, kuma ya koma Amurka. Farkonsa na Carnegie Hall ya biyo baya a 1947, yana wasa da Piano Concerto na Schumann tare da Orchestra na Philadelphia wanda Eugene Ormandy ya jagoranta.

## Ayyuka
Pressler ya bi aiki a matsayin soloist. Ya yi tafiya tare da manyan mawaƙa a Arewacin Amurka da Turai, a Birnin Chicago, Cleveland, Dallas, New York, Pittsburgh, San Francisco, Brussels, Helsinki, London, Oslo, da Paris. Daga 1955, Pressler ya koyar a fannin piano a Makarantar Kiɗa ta Jacobs a Jami'ar Indiana Bloomington, inda ya rike mukamin Farfesa na Kiɗa a matsayin Charles Webb Chair. Farkonsa a matsayin mawaƙi na ɗakin ya kasance a Bikin Berkshire na 1955, inda ya bayyana a matsayin pianist tare da violinist Daniel Guilet da cellist Bernard Greenhouse .   Sun haɗu don yin rikodin zagaye na piano trios na Mozart. Ya tabbatar da nasara sosai har suka zauna tare a matsayin Beaux Arts Trio .  Shi ne kawai memba na asali da ya yi aiki tare da ƙungiyar a duk rayuwarta, gami da sauye-sauye da yawa na membobin, har zuwa rushewa a shekara ta 2008. 

Wadannan uku sun yi a cikin daruruwan rikodin da dubban kide-kide. Sun fara yin rikodin zagaye na piano trios na Maurice Ravel da Gabriel Fauré. Har ila yau, kundin su ya haɗa da kiɗa na zamani na Charles Ives da Ned Rorem, da sauransu, kuma sun buga kiɗa na rukuni ga 'yan wasa shida har ma da takwas.

Pressler ya koma Jamus a shekara ta 2008 a lokacin bikin cika shekaru 70 na Kristallnacht .  A shekara ta 2010, ya taka leda a Bikin Rheingau kMusik tare da Antônio Meneses, dan wasan karshe na Beaux Arts Trio, kuma ya bayyana a baya a cikin jerin tambayoyin Rendezvous .  A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2013, yana da shekaru 90, ya fara bugawa tare da Berlin Philharmonic a wasan kwaikwayo na Sabuwar Shekara. An nuna wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye a duk faɗin duniya.

A farkon shekarun 1950, Pressler ya rubuta adadi mai yawa na kiɗa na piano,  da kuma kiɗa don piano da ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta mawaƙa daban-daban don lakabin Amurka MGM. The Beaux Arts Trio sun yi jerin rikodin rikodin Philips. Bugu da kari, Pressler ya rubuta kiɗa na piano solo a kasuwanci a kan lakabin La Dolce Volta da Deutsche Grammophon . A cikin 2018, ya sadaukar da rikodin Deutsche Grammophon na ƙarshe na kiɗa na Faransanci Clair de Lune ga abokinsa na yau da kullun Annabelle Whitestone, Baroness Weidenfeld . 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Pressler ta auri Sara Scherchen daga 1949 har zuwa mutuwarta a 2014, kuma suna da 'ya'ya biyu. A shekara ta 2016, ya fara dangantaka da Annabelle Whitestone Baroness Weidenfeld,  wanda ya san tun 1966.

Pressler ya raba lokacinsa tsakanin Bloomington, Indiana, da London. Ya mutu a London a ranar 6 ga Mayu 2023, yana da shekaru 99.

## Kyaututtuka da karbuwa
Daga cikin girmamawa da kyaututtuka, Pressler ya sami digirin digirin girmamawa daga Jami'ar Nebraska, San Francisco Conservatory of Music, Royal Academy of Music a London,  Makarantar Fasaha ta Arewacin Carolina, da Jami'ar Ben Gurion. 

A shekara ta 2005, Pressler ya sami lambar yabo ta Order of Merit na Tarayyar Jamus, babbar daraja ta kasar, kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta Commandeur of France's Order of Arts and Letters. An nada shi Fellow na girmamawa na Kwalejin Kiɗa da Dance ta Urushalima, don nuna godiya ga rayuwarsa ta wasan kwaikwayo da jagoranci a cikin kiɗa, a cikin 2007. 

An zabi shi don Grammy Awards biyar. Ya sami lambar yabo ta Chamber Music America's Distinguished Service Award, lambar yabo ta zinariya ta Merit daga National Society of Arts and Letters . Ya kuma kasance memba na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka.

#### MANAZARTA