Esmeralda Arboleda Cadavid

**María Esmeralda Arboleda Cadavid** (Janairu 7, 1921 ) ɗan siyasan Colombia ne, ɗan takara kuma mace ta farko da aka zaɓa a Majalisar Dattijai ta Colombia, tana aiki daga 1958 zuwa 1961.

Shugabar kungiyar mata a Colombia, ita da 'yar takara Josefina Valencia Muñoz, su ne mata na farko da aka nada a matsayin 'yan majalisar dokoki na kasa a Colombia a matsayin wani ɓangare na Majalisar Tsarin Mulki a 1954, inda suka gabatar da abin da zai zama Dokar Doka ta 3, wadda ta gyara Mataki na 171 na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Colombia na baiwa mata 188 . Ta kuma kasance ministar sadarwa ta Colombia ta 10, a matsayin jakadiyar Colombia a Ostiriya, kuma a matsayin mataimakiyar wakilin dindindin na Colombia a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya .

## Sana'a
Ta shiga aikin sirri a Cali, inda ta mai da hankali kan dokar aiki game da rarrabuwar kawuna ga ma'aikatanta. Daga baya ta koma Bogotá, inda ta shiga cikin gwagwarmayar mata .

Ta shiga cikin Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙasa ta Colombia, wadda ke aiki a karkashin jagorancin María Currea Manrique da tsohuwar uwargidan shugaban Colombia Bertha Hernández Fernández . 

A lokacin da Janar Gustavo Rojas Pinilla ya hau kan karagar mulki a juyin mulkin soji, kungiyar mata ta neman rabewar akida ce tsakanin masu adawa da mulkin soja da kuma masu goyon bayan gwamnatin. Arboleda ta zama mai adawa da mulkin soja, kuma ta fito fili ta bayyana damuwarta da sukar shugaban. Duk da matsin lamba daga bangarorin biyu, Shugaba Rojas, wanda ya rike Majalisar Zartarwa ta kasa wanda magajinsa, Roberto Urdaneta Arbeláez ya fara, ya nada mata biyu a zauren majalisar. An nada Arboleda don wakiltar Jam'iyyar Liberal, da Josefina Valencia Muñoz don wakiltar Jam'iyyar Conservative, ta zama mace ta farko da ta yi aiki a majalisar dokokin Colombia ta kasa. A wani bangare na majalisar, sun gabatar da dokar kafa dokar zama ‘yan kasa ta mata. A ranar 25 ga watan Agustan shekarar 1954 majalisar wakilai ta kasa ta amince da dokar doka mai lamba 3 wadda ta yi kwaskwarima ga sashi na 171 na kundin tsarin mulkin Colombia na shekara ta 1886, ta ba da damar kada kuri'a ga dukkan matan Colombia.

Arboleda ta ci gaba da nuna adawarta da sukar gwamnatin Shugaba Rojas; saboda wannan, an zage ta, ana yi mata leƙen asiri, da yi mata barazana. Gwamnati ta matsa wa Bavaria SA, inda mijinta yake aiki, ya kori Uribe don matsawa matarsa. Rikicin ya kai kololuwa a lokacin da wasu mutane suka yi yunkurin yin garkuwa da ita a gaban shagon sayar da furanni na mahaifiyarta. Daga nan ta tafi gudun hijira tare da mijinta da ɗanta zuwa Boston, inda 'yar'uwarta Violeta Arboleda ke zaune tare da mijinta Irving Glickman . Ta dawo kasar ne a shekarar 1958 a karshen mulkin soja, kuma ta tsaya takara a zaben ‘yan majalisa na 1958 ; An zabe ta a matsayin Sanatan Colombia kuma an rantsar da ita a matsayin 'yar majalisar dattawa ta farko a Colombia a ranar 20 ga Yuli lokacin da Majalisar ta yi taro bayan shafe shekaru hudu.

A ranar 1 ga Satumba, 1961, Shugaba Alberto Lleras Camargo ya nada ta Ministar Sadarwa, mukamin da ta rike na sauran wa'adin Shugaba Lleras.  Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin Jakadiyar Colombia a Ostiriya, a lokaci guda tana aiki a matsayin Jakadiyar Ba Mazauni a Yugoslavia, kuma Minista Mazauni a Kungiyoyin Kasa da Kasa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Vienna .

A cikin 1968, Shugaba Carlos Lleras Restrepo ya nada ta mataimakin wakilin dindindin na Colombia a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke aiki karkashin jakada na lokacin Julio César Turbay Ayala . A lokacin wannan aikin ne ta sadu da Francisco Cuevas Cancino, wakilin dindindin na Mexico a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, wanda ta aura a shekarar 1968 a lokacin wani biki a harabar hedikwatar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.  Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto na musamman na Hukumar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Matsayin Mata,  kuma a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga UNESCO don shekarar mata ta duniya .

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Mahaifin Arboleda shi ne magajin garin Palmira, Fernando Arboleda Lopez kuma mahaifiyarta ita ce Rosa Cadavid Medina. Arboleda yana da ’yan’uwa mata biyar, Pubenza, Fabiola, Violeta, Mireya, da Soffy.  An ba ta suna bayan Esmeralda daga *The Hunchback na Notre-Dame* ta Victor Hugo . 

Arboleda ya auri Samuel Uribe Hoyos a watan Agusta 1947. Baldomero Sanín Cano ya halarci taron.  Arboleda da Uribe sun haifi ɗa ɗaya, Sergio. Uribe ya mutu a shekara ta 1968 kuma Arboleda ya auri jami'in diflomasiyyar Mexico  .

Arboleda ya mutu a ranar 16 ga Afrilu, 1997, bayan yaƙi da ciwon nono .

## Gado
Ana iya samun yawancin ayyukan Arboleda a ɗakin karatu na Luis Ángel Arango a Bogotá, godiya ga gudummawar da ɗanta, Sergio ya bayar. 

A Ranar Mata ta Duniya a cikin 2021, Shugaba Iván Duque Márquez da Mataimakiyar Shugaba Marta Lucía Ramírez sun kirkiro da Esmeralda Arboleda Order of Merit don girmama wadanda suka yi gwagwarmayar tabbatar da daidaiton jinsi da kuma 'yancin mata na zabe a Colombia. Ramírez ya ce za a kasance rukuni biyar na tsari na cancanta . 

A cikin 2022, an ba da sanarwar cewa fim ɗin fasalin harshen Sifen, *Estimados Señores (Dear Gentlemen)*, yana cikin samarwa akan rayuwar Arboleda. An rubuta shi kuma Patricia Castañeda za ta jagorance shi kuma za ta tauraro Julieth Restrepo a cikin rawar take. 

## Manazarta