Shan yara

**Shekarar shan giya ta doka** ita ce mafi ƙarancin shekarun da mutum zai iya shan giya bisa doka. Za'a iya amfani da mafi ƙarancin shekaru na barasa bisa doka na iya bambanta da shekarun da za'a iya saya a wasu ƙasashe. Waɗannan dokoki sun bambanta tsakanin ƙasashe kuma dokoki da yawa suna da keɓancewa ko yanayi na musamman. Yawancin dokoki suna aiki ne kawai ga shan barasa a wuraren jama'a tare da shan barasa a cikin gida galibi ba a tsara su ba (ɗaya daga cikin banbanci shine Ingila da Wales, waɗanda ke da mafi ƙarancin shekaru biyar don kulawa da amfani a wurare masu zaman kansu). Wasu ƙasashe kuma suna da iyakokin shekaru daban-daban don nau'ikan abin sha daban-daban.
 
Yawancin ƙasashe suna da mafi ƙarancin shekarun shan giya na doka na 18. Dalilin da aka fi sani da doka a bayan shekarun shan giya na doka shine tasirin kwakwalwa a cikin matasa. Tun da yake kwakwalwa har yanzu tana balaga, barasa na iya samun mummunar tasiri a kan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da tunani na dogon lokaci. Tare da wannan, yana iya haifar da gazawar hanta, kuma ya haifar da Rashin daidaituwa na hormone a cikin matasa saboda sauye-sauye na yau da kullun da kuma balaga na hormones a lokacin balaga. Wasu ƙasashe suna da mafi ƙarancin shekarun shan giya na doka na 19 don hana kwararar abin sha a makarantun sakandare, yayin da wasu kamar Amurka suna da mafi karancin shekarun sayen doka na 21 (sai dai a cikin P.R. da USVI, inda shekarun shan giya shine 18) a ƙoƙarin rage yawan yawan yawan tuki mai shan giya tsakanin matasa da matasa.

Akwai ra'ayi da ake kira kungiyoyin yara, inda ake ba da mutane da ke ƙasa da shekarun shan giya na doka kuma ana ba da abin sha ba tare da barasa ba.

## Afirka
Mafi ƙarancin shekarun sayen barasa a Afirka shine 18. Koyaya, Angola (sai dai Lardin Luanda), Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, Comoros, Equatorial Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, da Mali ba su da dokoki a kan littattafan da ke hana sayar da barasa ga yara. A Libya, Somalia da Sudan an haramta sayar da, samarwa da amfani da barasa gaba ɗaya. [haɗin da bai dace ba?] &#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Amurka
A Amurka ta tsakiya, Caribbean, da Amurka ta Kudu shekarun shan giya da shekarun sayen doka sun bambanta daga 0 zuwa 20 shekaru (duba tebur da ke ƙasa). A Kudancin Amurka musamman, shekarun sayen doka shine shekaru 18, tare da banbanci biyu:

* A Paraguay, shekarun shan giya da sayen doka shine shekaru 20.
* A Guyana, yara masu shekaru 16 ko 17 na iya cin gilashin giya ko ruwan inabi a gidan cin abinci idan sun sayi abinci.

A Arewacin Amurka shekarun shan giya da shekarun sayen doka sun bambanta daga shekaru 18 zuwa 21:

* A Mexico, shekarun shan giya shine 18 a duk jihohi.
* A Amurka, mafi ƙarancin shekarun doka don siyan abin sha galibi shekaru 21; ban da biyu sune Puerto Rico da Virgin Islands inda shekaru ke da 18. Shekarar shan giya ta doka ta bambanta da jihar, kuma jihohi da yawa ba su da bukatun shekaru don kula da shan giya tare da iyayen mutum ko masu kula da doka.
* A Kanada, yawancin larduna suna da mafi ƙarancin shekaru 19 don sayen ko shan barasa, yayin da a Alberta, Manitoba, da Quebec, mafi ƙaranci shekaru shine shekaru 18. Gundumomi da yawa suna ba da izinin yara su sha barasa idan iyayensu / masu kula da su ne suka ba su, kuma ana cinye su a ƙarƙashin kulawarsu a gidansu. Don ƙarin bayani duba Alcoholic drinks in Canada § Age.

A ƙarshen karni na 20, yawancin Arewacin Amurka sun canza mafi ƙarancin shekarun shan giya (MLDAs) kamar haka:
 

A Amurka, mafi ƙarancin shekarun doka don siyan abin sha yafi shekaru 21 tun jim kadan bayan wucewar Dokar Ƙananan Shekaru ta Duniya a shekarar 1984. Bambance-bambance guda biyu sune Puerto Rico da Virgin Islands inda shekaru ke 18. Shekarar shan giya ta doka ta bambanta da jihar, kuma jihohi da yawa ba su da bukatun shekaru don kula da shan giya tare da iyayen mutum ko masu kula da doka.

Duk da zabe farfado da muhawara ta kasa a shekara ta 2008 game da shekarun shan giya da aka kafa (wanda shugabannin jami'o'i da yawa suka fara), binciken da aka yi a Jami'ar Fairleigh Dickinson ya gano a watan Satumbar 2008 cewa kashi 76% na New Jerseyans sun goyi bayan barin shekarun shan giya a shekara 21. Babu wani bambanci mai mahimmanci da ya fito yayin la'akari da jinsi, alaƙar siyasa, ko yanki. Koyaya, iyayen yara ƙanana sun fi tallafawa kiyaye shekaru a 21 (83%) fiye da iyayen ɗaliban kwaleji (67%). 

Jihohi goma sha bakwai (Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Florida, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Carolina, da Wyoming) da Gundumar Columbia suna da dokoki game da mallakar barasa ta kananan yara, amma ba su hana amfani da shi ta kananan yara ba.

Jihohi goma sha huɗu (Alaska, Colorado, Delaware, Illinois, Louisiana, Maine, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Ohio, Oregon, Texas, Wisconsin, da Virginia) suna ba wa yara ƙanana damar shan barasa da iyayensu suka ba su ko kuma wanda iyayensu suka ba su amana.[ana yanayi hujja] [citation need]

Jihohi da yawa suna ba da izinin shan barasa a ƙarƙashin shekaru 21 saboda dalilai na addini ko na kiwon lafiya.

Puerto Rico, yankin Amurka, ya ci gaba da shan giya na shekaru 18.

Dokokin kwastam na Amurka sun nuna cewa babu wani mutum a karkashin shekaru 21 da zai iya kawo kowane nau'in ko adadin barasa a cikin kasar.

## Turai

Yawancin ƙasashe a Turai sun saita 18 a matsayin mafi ƙarancin shekaru don siyan barasa. Kodayake Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Jamus, Gibraltar, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Portugal da Switzerland (sai dai Ticino) suna kula da mafi ƙarancin shekarun sayen ƙasa da shekaru 18, ana ba da izinin yara ko dai cikakke ko iyakance damar samun barasa. A cikin 2005,  2007  da 2015  an tattauna jituwa a matakin Tarayyar Turai zuwa mafi ƙarancin shekarun sayan 18, amma ba a yarda da shi ba.

Lokaci na canje-canje ga shan giya / sayen shekaru ko dokokin da ke hana samun barasa ga yara:
}
| align="center" |14
| align="center" |18
| colspan="2" align="center" |18
|
* It is illegal for persons under 14 to be given alcohol, and then only for medical purposes.
* It is prohibited to sell, serve, or offer alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18. Minors are prohibited to consume alcohol beverages in public and the police can confiscate alcohol from under 18s in public.
|-
| colspan="5" |
|Under the BBPA's Challenge 21 and Challenge 25 schemes, customers attempting to buy alcohol beverages are asked to prove their age if in the retailer's opinion they look under 21 (or optionally 25) even though the law states they must be a minimum of 18. Many supermarket and off-licence chains display Challenge 21 (or Challenge 25) notices stating that they will not serve people who look under 21 (or 25) without ID.
|}

## Dubi kuma

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waj

* Matsakaicin iyakar shekarun shari'a teburin kan layi wanda aka sabunta akan juyawa, International Alliance for Responsible DrinkingƘungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya don Shan Alhakin