Kogin Axe (Lyme Bay)

**Kogin AxeKogin Ax kogi ne mai tsawon mil 22 (kilomita 35)** a cikin lardunan Dorset, Somerset da Devon, a kudu maso yammacin Ingila.  Ya tashi a Dorset kuma yana gudana kudu zuwa Lyme Bay wanda ya shiga ta Ax Estuary a Devon.  Kogin ne mara zurfi, mara motsi, kodayake bakinsa a Seaton yana da wasu ayyukan kwale-kwale.  Sunan Ax ya samo asali ne daga kalmar Brittonic na gama gari ma'ana "yawan kifin", kuma yana da alaƙa da pysg (bambancin pysgod), kalmar Welsh don kif**i.**

Kogin Ax ya tashi a cikin koguna da yawa zuwa kudu na Chedington a Dorset, kusa da tushen kogin Parrett wanda ke gudana arewa zuwa tashar Bristol.  Daga nan Ax ya ratsa yamma ta Mosterton da Seaborough kafin ya juya kudu ya samar da iyaka tsakanin Dorset da Somerset.  A cikin wannan sashe ya wuce ƙauyukan Wayford da Winsham, da tsohon Forde Abbey.  A wani wuri mai nisan mil 3 (kilomita 4.8) arewa da Axminster kogin Blackwater ya hade kuma ya shiga lardin Devon.  Sannan an haɗa shi da Kit ɗin Kogin, kafin a wuce ta Axminster bayan haka an haɗa shi da Kogin Yarty kuma ya ci gaba da kudu ta ƙauyukan Whitford da Colyford, inda Kogin Coly ke haɗuwa.  A wannan lokacin ya bazu don samar da tidal Ax Estuary.  Gidan ya ratsa ƙauyen Axmouth, a bankin gabas, kafin ya wuce ta wani babban bankin shingle zuwa gabashin garin Seaton da ke bakin teku ya shiga Lyme Bay a tashar Turanci..

A cikin 1999, wani yanki na kogin da ya shimfida tsawon kilomita 13 (8.1 mi)—daga mahaɗar kogin Blackwater zuwa gadar Colyford—an sanya shi Wuri na Sha'awar Kimiyya ta Musamman (SSSI) ta ƙungiyar kiyayewa ta Ingila, Natural Ingila.  An bayyana shi a matsayin mai goyan bayan "babban tsiro na ruwa da na gefe".  Bambance-bambancen kogin ya fito ne daga aikin geomorphology mai aiki, wanda ya ƙirƙiri abubuwa da yawa na dabi'a waɗanda ke goyan bayan kyawawan halittu;  Hakanan yana fitowa daga can akwai ƙarancin adadin bishiyoyi a bakin kogin, suna ba da damar haske;  da kuma kwanciyar hankali da ke karkashin kogin a karkashin kogin.  Yawancin SSSI suna gudana ta Devon;  Yadudduka 160 (m150 m) ne kawai ke bi ta Dorset  Matsakaicin yanayin ƙasa na gadon kogin shine alluvium tare da wuraren tsakuwa kwarin, yumbu, shale da marl.  Rayuwar kifin da ke cikin kogin ana la'akari da sha'awar Turai;  Sauran dabbobi sun haɗa da gabaɗaya sun haɗa da kifin kifi, sanduna, otters, leek na magani da masu kifi, yayin da akwai nau'ikan tsire-tsire na ruwa da na gefe.  Halin yanayin ƙasa na meanders a kudu na Axminster shine musamman sha'awar yanayin ƙasa

Ko da yake a yanzu ba shi da zurfi kuma ba za a iya kewayawa ba, ɗakin gatari yana da mahimmanci don jigilar kaya.  A cewar Historic Ingila, ƙauyen Axmouth, wanda ke da nisan mil 1 (kilomita 1.6) a cikin ƙasa, 'an sanya shi a matsayin babbar tashar jiragen ruwa a tsakiyar karni na 14 kuma ya kai kashi 15% na cinikin jigilar kayayyaki na ƙasar'.  Ana iya ganin ragowar kwale-kwalen kamun kifi a ƙarshen zamani a ƙaramin kogin, kusa da kudu maso yammacin ƙauyen Axmouth.  A cikin shekaru masu zuwa ginshiƙi ya yi shiru kuma an kafa sandar shingle mai motsi a baki.  A cikin 1870 an haɓaka Harbour Axmouth na yanzu a bakin kogin.  Kodayake tashar jiragen ruwa tana kusa da garin Seaton fiye da ƙauyen Axmouth, tashar jiragen ruwa da duk wuraren da ke cikin Ikklesiya na Axmouth. .  

Yankin yana gefen yamma ta jerin ƙananan matakan tanadin yanayi, waɗanda aka fi sani da Seaton Wetlands kuma gami da Seaton Marshes, Black Hole Marsh, Colyford Common da Stafford Marsh.  Tsakanin su, waɗannan wuraren ajiyar sun haɗa da wuraren kiwo na ruwa mai ɗanɗano, raƙuman ruwa na tsaka-tsaki, ƙwanƙwasa, ramuka da fatun tsuntsaye, kuma suna karbar bakuncin nau'ikan tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu shayarwa irin su otters.  An raba abubuwan da aka kebe daga filin jirgin ta hanyar shingen tsohon layin dogo na Seaton, wanda yanzu ke ɗaukar Seaton Tramway akan hanyarsa tsakanin Seaton, Colyford da Colyton.  tare da buɗaɗɗen trams waɗanda ke ba da kyakkyawan ra'ayi na duka estuary da wuraren ajiya.  Gabashin sa, yankin yana gefen gefen tudu mai tsayin daka a bayan Kogin Jurassic da Axmouth zuwa Lyme Regis Undercliff.. 

Archaeology na Prehistoric: Kwarin Axe ya samar da shaidu ga wasu ayyukan ɗan adam na farko (Palaeolithic) a kudu maso yammacin Ingila. Ramin dutse na Broom (kusa da Holditch) ya samar da akalla 1,800 Lower Palaeolithic hannayen hannu lokacin da aka tono su a ƙarshen karni na 19 da 1930s da 1940s.  Binciken archaeological na baya-bayan nan  ya ba da shawarar cewa waɗannan kayan tarihi suna da shekaru 300,000. An sami irin wannan kayan tarihi a cikin ramukan dutse a kusa da Chard Junction .