Mutagenesis na muhalli da Genomics Society

The Environmental Mutagenesis and Genomics Society (EMGS) ƙungiya ce ta kimiyya "don inganta mahimman ilimin kimiyya da bincike a cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da lalacewar kwayar halitta da epigenome don sanar da tallafawa ƙoƙarin ƙasa da na duniya don tabbatar da lafiya, yanayi mai ɗorewa ga tsararraki masu zuwa. "

Al'umma tana inganta binciken kimiyya game da abubuwan da ke haifar da lalacewar DNA da gyare-gyare da kuma muhimmancin waɗannan ga cututtuka. Hakanan yana inganta aikace-aikace da sadarwa na wannan ilimin, musamman ta hanyar ilimi, don taimakawa kare lafiyar ɗan adam da muhalli.

## Tarihi
An kafa al'ummar, wacce aka kafa asali a matsayin Ƙungiyar Mutagen Mutagen (EMS) a cikin Amurka a cikin 1969 ta Drs.  Alexander Hollaender, Joshua Lederberg, James Crow, Ernst Freese, James Neel, William Russell, Heinrich Malling, Frederick J. de Serres, Matthew Meselson, da sauransu.  Manufar farko ita ce ta goyi bayan nazarin mutagenesis na muhalli, asali a cikin mutagenesis na ƙwayoyin cuta, amma ba da daɗewa ba ikon ya fadada ya haɗa da duk sassan mutagenesis, ciki har da hanyoyin maye gurbin, hanyoyin gwaji, ilimin cututtuka na kwayoyin halitta, biomarkers, da kuma kimanta haɗari].  Sakamakon wannan sauyi da aka samu, a shekarar 2012 an canza sunan al'umma don ya fi dacewa da fadada isar da kungiyar.

## Ayyuka da nasarorin
A shekara ta 1969, EMS ta kafa Cibiyar Bayanai ta Muhalli (EMIC) a Cibiyar Nazarin Kasa ta Oak Ridge, wacce ta haɓaka bayanan littafi na farko game da mutagenesis na muhalli, yana sauƙaƙa bincike a cikin shekarun 1970 da farkon shekarun 1980, musamman ci gaban gwaje-gwaje don ilimin ƙwayoyin cuta, ta hanyar kafa rajistar abubuwan da aka gwada don guba. Wannan, bi da bi, ya ba da gudummawa sosai ga shirin GENE-TOX, wanda Dokta Angela Auletta da Michael D. Waters suka kafa a US EPA kuma yanzu ya zama wani ɓangare na TOXNET.

A farkon shekarun 1970s, al'umma ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ci gaban Dokar Kula da Magunguna ta Amurka ta 1976, wanda ya ba Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka damar hada bayanan mutagenicity a cikin yanke shawara na tsarawa.

EMS "Komiti 17", wanda John W. Drake ke jagoranta, ya buga takarda mai tasiri; "Environmental Mutagenic Hazards", a cikin Kimiyya a cikin 1975.  Wannan ya bayyana bukatun bincike da alhakin tsarawa don sarrafa yiwuwar mahaɗan mutagenic a cikin muhalli. Ya rinjayi jagorancin bincike, hanyoyin tsarawa da gwajin mutagenicity a cikin masana'antu.

A cikin 1970 EMS ta kafa jerin littattafai "Chemical Mutagens: Ka'idoji da Hanyoyi don Binciken Su" kuma an buga kundi na farko a cikin shekara mai zuwa. Wannan ya haɗa da takardu masu tasiri da yawa, daga na farko da Dr. Bruce N. Ames ya yi a kan gwajin Salmonella (Ames). 

A shekara ta 1979, EMS ta fara buga nata mujallar, Environmental Mutagenesis, wanda aka sake masa suna Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis a shekarar 1987.

### Taron da aka yi
Al'umma ta haɗu a kowace shekara tun lokacin da aka kafa ta. Taron shekara-shekara na gaba zai zama na 54 kuma za a gudanar da shi a Chicago, Illinois, Satumba 9-13, 2023.

### Kyaututtuka da girmamawa
EMS yana yin manyan kyaututtuka guda uku.  Kowace shekara tana ba da lambar yabo ta EMS don girmamawa ga "fitattun gudunmawar bincike a fannin mutagenesis na muhalli" da lambar yabo ta Alexander Hollaender don amincewa da "fitattun gudunmawar gudumawa a cikin aikace-aikacen ka'idoji da dabarun mutagenesis na muhalli don kare lafiyar ɗan adam".  Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci kuma yana ba da lambar yabo ta Sabis na EMS don girmamawa ga "kwarewa da hidima ga Al'umma".

Har ila yau, EMS tana ba da kyaututtuka da yawa na ɗalibai da tafiye-tafiye don ingantawa da tallafawa bukatun al'umma.

### Haɗin gwiwa da haɗin gwiwa
EMS memba ne na Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta Ƙungiyoyin Muhalli (IAEMS) da Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Amirka don Nazarin Biology .