Sauyin yanayi da samar da abinci a Afirka

Tasirin yanayin sauyin yanayi akan samuwa, amfani, da samun damar samar da abinci a Afirka ana kiransa sauyin yanayi da samar da abinci a Afirka. Masana'antar noma a Afirka na fuskantar tasirin sauyin yanayi, wanda ke bayyana a matsayin raguwar amfanin gona, da mutuwar dabbobi, da hauhawar farashin abinci. Yanayin duniya yana canzawa a sakamakon ayyukan ɗan adam da kuma sauye-sauyen yanayi, a cewar rahotanni. Yarjejeniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan sauyin yanayi (UNFCCC) ta bayyana a ma'anarta cewa sauyin yanayi yana faruwa ne ta hanyar ayyukan dan adam, ko dai kai tsaye ko a kaikaice. An lura da sauyin yanayi a matakan duniya, nahiya da nahiyoyi da suka haɗa da haɓakar yanayin iska da teku, hawan teku, raguwar dusar ƙanƙara da ƙanƙara, haɓaka da raguwar hazo, canje-canje a cikin ƙasa da ƙasa. marine nazarin halittu tsarin, da teku acidification. Noma da sauyin yanayi na Afirka suna da alaƙa mai ƙarfi, Miliyoyin jama'a a Afirka sun dogara ga masana'antar noma dan walwalar tattalin arziƙinsu da hanyoyin rayuwa. Amma duk da haka abubuwa daban-daban masu alaƙa da canjin yanayi kamar canjin yanayin ruwan sama, hauhawar yanayin zafi, fari da ambaliyar ruwa suna yin mummunan tasiri ga masana'antar noma. Yawancin al'ummar Afirka dake samun abinci na fuskantar wannan illa, wadanda suka hada da raguwar amfanin gona, asarar dabbobi, da hauhawar farashin abinci.

## Tasirin sauyin yanayi kan samar da abinci a Afirka
Sauyin yanayi ya yi tasiri sosai wajen samar da abinci a Afirka . Rage yawan amfanin gona da aka samu ta hanyar canjin yanayin ruwan sama da kuma ƙarin yanayin zafi yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman tasirin. Canjin yanayi ya kuma kara habaka kwari da cututtuka, yana kara jefa kayan abinci cikin hadari. Yawancin 'yan Afirka a yanzu suna fuskantar wahalar samun abinci saboda hauhawar farashin kayan abinci da asarar amfanin gona ya kawo. Asarar dabbobi saboda cututtuka da fari wani tasiri ne da sauyin yanayi ke haifarwa ga samar da abinci a Afirka. Ga mutane da yawa a Afirka, dabbobi sune tushen abinci, samun kudin shiga, da aiki. “Rashin dabbobi wanda kuma ya haifar da asarar rayuwa, ya kara ta’azzara matsalar karancin abinci. Sauyin yanayi na haifar da babban kalubale ga samar da abinci a Afirka, inda amfanin noma ke raguwa sannu a hankali, inda kuma karuwar yawan jama'a da karuwar bukatar abinci, ruwa, da noma ke kara yiyuwar fuskantar yunwa da rashin abinci mai gina jiki.

Babban tushen kaso 3.6 cikin 100 na iskar Carbon Dioxide da ake fitarwa a duniya, shi ne yadda iskar gas ke tashi a Nijar da kuma tasoshin wutar lantarki da ake harba kwal a Afirka ta Kudu. Amma, dazuzzukan nahiyar suna bacewa cikin hanzari, wanda ke da mummunan sakamako ga duka Afirka da kuma yanayin gaba daya. Duk da samun ƙarancin iskar carbon dioxide idan aka kwatanta da sauran wurare, Afirka ta fi sauran nahiyoyi rauni ga illar da matsanancin yanayi ke haifarwa saboda rashin lahani na musamman. A cikin yankuna masu busasshiyar Afirka ta yamma da bushewar ƙasa, busasshiyar ƙasa ko hamada ta ƙunshi kashi uku cikin huɗu na saman nahiyar. Yankin Sahel yanki ne na Gabashin Afirka Kudancin Afirka, da Sudan. Ayyukan tattalin arziki sun dogara ne akan masana'antu masu ra'ayin sauyin yanayi, irin su noman ruwan sama, kamun kifi, ma'adinai, mai & iskar gas, gandun daji, yawon shakatawa, da sauransu. Noma yana ba da gudummawar kusan kashi 70% na ayyukan yi, 30% na GDP, da 50% na abubuwan da ake fitarwa a cikin tattalin arzikin ruwan sama. Masana'antar noma ta zama hanyar tsaro ga talakawan karkara. Jama'a suna ƙara samun sauki tun lokacin fari da ambaliya sun fi yawa kuma suna da ƙarfi a yankuna da yawa, gami da al'ummomin da ke kewaye da Rift Valley, filayen Mozambique, Senegal, da Gambiya.

## Tsarin abinci na Afirka da dabarun daidaita sauyin yanayi
Ana aiwatar da matakan daidaitawa da dama a Afirka don rage tasirin sauyin yanayi kan samar da abinci. Daga cikin mafi mahimmancin dabarun shine haɓakawa da kuma amfani da dabarun noma masu jure yanayin yanayi. Wannan ya ƙunshi amfani da amfanin gona waɗanda ke da juriya ga fari, haɓaka ƙasa da kiyaye ruwa, da yin amfani da haɗin gwiwar sarrafa kwari. Bugu da ƙari, rarrabuwar hanyoyin samun kuɗin shiga wata dabara ce mai daidaitawa wacce za a iya amfani da ita. Yawancin al'ummomin Afirka sun dogara da abinci guda ɗaya ko tushen dabbobi, yana mai da su cikin haɗari musamman ga tasirin canjin yanayi. Ta hanyar rarrabuwar hanyoyin samun kudin shiga, kamar ta hanyar ayyukan samar da kudaden shiga daga wajen gona, ana iya ƙirƙira abin da zai hana girgizar yanayi. Bugu da ƙari, haɓaka hanyoyin rarraba abinci da adana kayan abinci na iya taimakawa wajen rage sharar abinci da haɓaka wadatar abinci. Manoma na iya saka hannun jari a ayyuka da fasaha masu jurewa yanayi ta hanyar samun ingantacciyar damar yin lamuni da sabis na kuɗi.

Mutane, ƙungiyoyi, da cibiyoyi suna haɓaka dabarun daidaitawa masu zuwa don rage haɗarin sauyin yanayi:

* Samar da yanayin noma mai wayo
* Bambance-bambancen hanyoyin samun kudin shiga da madadin rayuwa
* Ƙaddamar da ikon sarrafa albarkatun gida
* Madadin hanyoyin makamashi masu dacewa da muhalli
* Ci gaban ababen more rayuwa
* Bayani kan yanayin
* Tsarin gargaɗin farko 
* Shirin inshora

## Nassoshi

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* https://reliefweb.int/organization/kenya-red-cross
* https://www.uncclearn.org/wp-content/uploads/library/fao34.pdf