'Yancin Dan Adam a Bangladesh

An tanadi haƙƙin ɗan adam a Bangladesh a matsayin haƙƙoƙin asali a Sashe na III na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Bangladesh. Sai dai masana tsarin mulki da na shari'a na ganin da yawa daga cikin dokokin ƙasar na buƙatar garambawul don aiwatar da muhimman hakkokinsu da kuma nuna kimar dimokiradiyya a karni na 21.

A lokacin daga 2009 zuwa 2023 a karkashin mulkin Awami League-led, mutane 2,699 sun sha wahala daga kisan gillar da ba a yi hukunci ba a Bangladesh. A wannan lokacin, mutane 677 An ɓace da karfi, kuma mutane 1,048 sun mutu a tsare. Kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta Odhikar ce ta bayyana wadannan kididdigar. Bugu da ƙari, kungiyar ta yi iƙirarin cewa idan an haɗa mutuwar daga zanga-zangar adawa da nuna bambanci da abubuwan da suka faru daga 2024, jimlar mutuwar za ta wuce 3,000.

A cikin 2024, Freedom House ta kima 'yancin ɗan adam na Bangladesh a kashi 40 cikin 100 (wani ɓangaren kyauta) 

## Bayani na gaba ɗaya
An gabatar da garambawul a cikin 2017 kuma sun haɗa da ƙarfafa ikon majalisa, 'yancin kai na shari'a, raba madafun iko, soke dokokin da ke hana 'yancin 'yan jarida da kuma rushe hukumomin tsaro da ke keta 'yancin jama'a.

Kodayake Bangladesh tana da Musulunci a matsayin addinin jihar kuma tana da nassoshi na tsarin mulki ga Hindu, Kiristoci da Buddha; tsarin siyasa an tsara shi azaman Dimokuradiyya ta duniya. Gwamnatoci gabaɗaya suna girmama 'yancin addini,  ginshiƙin tsarin mulkin Bangladesh. Sai dai ‘yan sanda sun yi tafiyar hawainiya wajen mayar da martani da binciken hare-haren da ake kai wa ‘yan tsiraru, masu fafutuka na adawa da magoya bayansa da kuma zargin murkushe zanga-zangar adawa da gwamnati. A cewar Human Rights Watch, kusan mutane dari biyar ne suka bace tun shekaru goma da suka wuce. A kudu maso gabashin Bangladesh, Chittagong Hill Tracts ya kasance yanki ne na sojoji saboda wani rikici na tarihi. 'Yan kabilar a Bangladesh sun bukaci a amince da tsarin mulki.

A cewar Dokta Mizanur Rahman, tsohon shugaban Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Kasa, kashi 70% na zargin cin zarafin bil'adama ya shafi hukumomin tilasta bin doka ne (2015).  Jami'an tsaron Bangladesh na daukar azabtarwa da bacewar tilastawa mutane aiki. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, gwamnati ta danne 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki da yada labarai ta hanyar dokokin da ke kula da jaridu, tashoshin talabijin da intanet. ‘Yan majalisar da aka zaba a majalisar ba su da ‘yancin kada kuri’a. Makomar zabe dai wani lamari ne da ke damun al'ummar kasar, inda jam'iyyun adawa ke zargin cewa ba za a iya gudanar da zabe cikin adalci ba a karkashin gwamnati mai ci. Zaben kananan hukumomi da aka gudanar a shekarar 2015 ya yi fama da zarge-zargen magudin zabe. Bangladesh ta ci gaba da samun ci gaba a cikin neman haƙƙin ma'aikata, kodayake har yanzu ana ci gaba da tafiya. Kasancewar kungiyoyin kwadago masu aiki, raguwar yawan ma'aikatan yara, da kuma kafa kotunan aiki da tushe suna nuna ci gaba mai ban mamaki da Bangladesh ta yi wajen kare haƙƙin ma'aikata.

Hukuncin kisa ya kasance doka a Bangladesh. Hakkin ma'aikata yana faruwa ne ta hanyar haramtacciyar kungiyoyin kwadago a yankuna na tattalin arziki na musamman. Gwamnati sau da yawa ta yi niyya ga shugabannin kungiyar kwadago tare da tsanantawa. Hakkin jin daɗin al'adunsu, yin ikirarin da yin aiki da kuma aiwatar da addininsu, da kuma amfani da yarensu a bangarorin masu zaman kansu da na jama'a (Mataki na 2 (1)). 

## 'Yan ƙasa da' yan tsiraru

### Wadanda ba Bengalis ba
'Yan tsiraru marasa 'yan Bengali galibi ana nuna musu wariya a al'adu da siyasa a kasar. Mataki na 23A na kundin tsarin mulki ya ci gaba da bayyana 'yan tsiraru a matsayin "ƙabilai" da "ƙananan jinsi",  musamman Chakmas, Biharis, Garos, Santhals, Marmas, Manipuris, Tripuris, Tanchangyas, Bawms. Mataki na 6 na kundin tsarin mulki, wanda ya yi shelar cewa "za a san mutanen Bangladesh da Bangalees a matsayin al'umma",  an soki shi saboda nuna bambanci ga yawan mutanen da ba na Bengali ba. an soki lamirin yadda ake nuna wariya ga dimbin al'ummar kasar wadanda ba 'yan kasar Bengali ba. Wani dan siyasar Chakma Manabendra Narayan Larma ya yi jawabi a lokacin da ake gudanar da taron majalisar wakilan Bangladesh a shekarar 1972, wanda ya shahara da shela cewa "Ba tare da wata ma'ana ko ma'ana ba Chakma zai iya zama dan Bengali ko Bengali ya zama Chakma....A matsayinmu na 'yan kasar Bangladesh, dukkanmu 'yan Bangladesh ne, amma kuma muna da wata kabila ta daban, wanda abin takaici shugabannin Awami League ba sa son fahimtar shugabannin Awami".

### 'Yan gudun hijira
Babban al'ummar Bihari kuma suna korafin ana nuna musu wariya. A cikin 2008, Babban Kotun Dhaka ta ba da izinin zama ɗan ƙasa ga al'ummar Pakistan da ba su da ƙasa.

An soki Bangladesh saboda yanayin rayuwa mara kyau wanda aka ajiye 'yan gudun hijirar Rohingya daga Myanmar a kudu maso gabashin kasar. An yi kuka a duniya bayan sojoji da gwamnati sun shirya sake komawa sansanonin 'yan gudun hijira zuwa tsibirin da ke nesa a Bay of Bengal .  Akwai kimanin 'yan gudun hijira 22,000 da aka yi rajista da kuma' yan gudun hijira sama da 100,000 da ba a yi rajista ba har zuwa 2016. Bayan da aka yi wa jihar Rakhine a shekarar 2016 zuwa yanzu, 'yan gudun hijira miliyan 1.5 sun shiga Bangladesh daga Myanmar.

Bangladesh ba ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar 1951 da ta shafi matsayin 'yan gudun hijira ba.

### Tsanantawa ga wadanda ba Musulmai ba

Jerin kisan kiyashin da ake yi wa tsirarun addinai, galibi daga masu tsattsauran ra'ayin Islama:

* Rikicin Noakhali na 1946
* 1971 Kisan kare dangi na Bangladesh na Hindu da Buddha
* 1989 Kisan kiyashi na Bangladesh
* 1990 Rikicin Bangladesh na adawa da Hindu
* 1992 Rikicin Bangladesh
* 2012 Rikicin Chirirbandar
* 2012 Rikicin Fatehpur
* 2012 tashin hankali na Hathazari
* Rikicin Ramu na 2012
* 2013 Bangladesh Rikicin Hindu
* 2014 Rikicin Bangladesh na adawa da Hindu
* 2016 Rikicin Nasirnagar
* 2021 Rikicin Jama'a na Bangladesh
* Tsanantawa ga Hindu a Bangladesh
* Tsanantawa ga Buddha a Bangladesh
* Tsanantawa ga Kiristoci a Bangladesh
* Tsanantawa ga masu musun wanzuwar Allah da masu ra'ayin Allah a Bangladesh

### Tsanantawa ga 'yan tsiraru Musulmai
Kungiyoyin musulmi marasa rinjaye daban-daban galibi mafi rinjayen Ahlus-Sunnah suna kai hari kan rikicin addini, irin su Ahmadiyya da Shi'a na kasar. A shekara ta 2004, gwamnatin Bangladesh ta haramta duk wani rubutu na addini na al'ummar Ahmadiyya. A cikin shekara ta 2015, an jefa bam a wani taron Shi'a na Ashura.

## Hakkin aiki
Sanarwar kundin tsarin mulki na jamhuriya ta Jama'a da zamantakewar al'umma a cikin gabatarwa  da Mataki na 10  sun yi hannun riga da tsarin tattalin arzikin kasuwa na 'yanci na Bangladesh a halin yanzu, ajin 'yan kasuwa, sassa daban-daban na kamfanoni da masu mallakar kadarori. Zabuka shida ne jam'iyyun siyasa masu goyon bayan kasuwa suka lashe, yayin da zabuka hudu suka samu na hannun hagu.

Bangladesh ta zo ta 128 a cikin kasashe 178 a cikin kididdigar 'Yancin Tattalin Arziki na 2017.

Duk da Mataki na 38  da ke kira ga 'yancin tarayya, shugabannin kungiyar kwadago daga Masana'antar masana'antu galibi suna fuskantar kamawa da kuma karar da aka yi wa siyasa.  An haramta kafa kungiyoyin kwadago a Yankunan sarrafa fitarwa (EPZs), amma gwamnati ta yi alkawarin cire haramcin.

### Aikin tilasta
An haramta aikin tilas a karkashin Mataki na 34. Ayyukan yara sun zama ruwan dare a kasar, tare da yara miliyan 4.7 masu shekaru daga 5 zuwa 14 a cikin ma'aikata. Kashi 93% na ma'aikatan yara suna aiki a bangaren da ba na al'ada ba kamar ƙananan masana'antu da bita, a kan titi, a cikin kasuwancin gida da aikin gida. A shekara ta 2006, Bangladesh ta zartar da Dokar Aiki da ta kafa mafi ƙarancin shekarun doka don aiki a matsayin 14.

## 'Yanci na magana
An ba da 'yancin magana a ƙarƙashin Mataki na 39. A cikin shekarun 1990 da shekaru goma da rabi na ƙarni na 21, kafofin watsa labaru na Bangladesh sun sami 'yanci fiye da kowane lokaci a tarihi. Sai dai tun bayan zaben 2014 da jam'iyyar Awami mai ci ta lashe zaben da aka kaurace, 'yancin 'yan jarida ya ragu matuka. Jam’iyya mai mulki ta yi wa manyan jaridun kasar nan biyu The Daily Star da Prothom Alo tuhume-tuhume da dama tare da karfafa gwiwar ‘yan kasuwa da su daina talla a cikinsu. An tsare 'yan jarida masu goyon bayan 'yan adawa Mahmudur Rahman da Shafik Rehman na tsawon lokaci. Nurul Kabir, editan jaridar New Age, ya fuskanci barazana ga rayuwarsa. Mahfuz Anam, editan The Daily Star, ya fuskanci karar 83 tun daga shekara ta 2016. Reporters without Borders sun sanya Bangladesh a matsayi na 146 daga cikin kasashe 180 a cikin jerin sunayen 'yancin' yan jarida.

A cewar Amnesty International, kafofin yada labarai masu zaman kansu da 'yan jarida sun fuskanci matsin lamba daga gwamnati. 'Yan jarida da dama sun fuskanci tuhume-tuhume ba bisa ka'ida ba, galibi saboda wallafa sukar firaminista Sheikh Hasina, danginta ko kuma gwamnatin Awami League. 'Yan jarida sun ba da rahoton karuwar barazanar daga jami'an gwamnati ko hukumomin tsaro. Gwamnati ta ci gaba da amfani da wasu dokoki na danniya domin tauye 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki. Ya ƙara yin amfani da Dokar Fasahar Sadarwa da Watsa Labarai wanda ta hana bayyana ra'ayi akan layi ba bisa ka'ida ba. Kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam Odhikar ta ba da rahoton karuwar kama mutane a karkashin dokar. An kai hari ga ‘yan jarida, ‘yan fafutuka, da sauran su. An tsare Dilip Roy, wani dalibi mai fafutuka, saboda sukar Firayim Minista a Facebook, amma daga baya aka bayar da belinsa. Majalisar ta amince da Dokar Ba da gudummawar Harkokin Waje (Ayyukan Sa-kai) na Ƙasashen Waje wanda ya ƙara yawan ikon gwamnati a kan ayyukan ƙungiyoyin sa-kai tare da yi musu barazanar soke rajista saboda yin kalamai na "bangi" ko "ƙazanta" ga Kundin Tsarin Mulki ko ƙungiyoyin tsarin mulki. An gabatar da wasu kudurori da dama da ke yin barazana ga 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki a majalisar dokoki, ciki har da Dokar Tsaro ta Digital da kuma Dokar hana Laifukan Yakin Yancin Yanci. 

Gwamnatin kasar ta kuma yi tafiyar hawainiya wajen gudanar da bincike kan hare-haren da ake kaiwa masu kishin addini a Bangladesh.

A ranar 20 ga watan Yunin 2020, gwamnatin Bangladesh ta kama wani yaro dan shekara 15 saboda sukar Firayim Minista Sheikh Hasina Wazed a wani sakon da ta wallafa a Facebook. An kama yaron a ƙarƙashin Dokar Tsaro ta Digital. An tura shi gidan yarin da ake tsare da yara. Kungiyar kare hakkin bil'adama ta Human Rights Watch ta bukaci gwamnatin Bangladesh da ta umarci rundunar 'yan sandansu da kada ta kama mutane kan sukar gwamnati tare da sakin dukkan yaran da ake tsare da su a wuraren da ake tsare da kananan yara da kuma gidajen yari bisa kananan laifuka.
A cewar Human Rights Watch, hukumomin Bangladesh na ci gaba da tsare 'yan jarida, masu fafutuka da masu sukar gwamnati ta hanyar yin amfani da Dokar Tsaro ta Digital. Ana tsare da mutane ne saboda yada kalaman batanci ga jam'iyya mai mulki. HRW ta bukaci hukumar da ta saki fursunonin da ake tsare da su a karkashin DSA saboda sukar gwamnati.

A ranar 13 ga Fabrairu, 2025, an kama sanannen mawaki, marubuci, masanin kimiyya, editan wallafe-wallafen da kuma mai fafutukar al'adu Sohel Hasan Galib bisa zargin cutar da ra'ayoyin addini a kan kafofin sada zumunta da kuma littafin waka.  Pen Bangladesh ta yi Allah wadai da kama mawaki, tana mai cewa "ra'ayoyi da ra'ayoyi za a iya magance su ne kawai ta hanyar ra'ayoyin da ra'ayi, ba ta hanyar hana tunani ba".

Mataki na 11 ya yi shelar cewa "Jamhuriya za ta zama dimokuradiyya wadda za a tabbatar da muhimman hakkokin bil'adama da 'yanci da mutunta mutunci da kimar dan Adam". A cikin 2017, 'yan sanda sun nemi Firayim Minista ya soke dokar hana azabtarwa.

Kodayake akwai 'yancin taro  a Bangladesh, sau da yawa ana hana 'yan adawar siyasa gudanar da tarurruka da tarurrukan jama'a da gwamnati.

A ranar 3 ga Janairu, 2019, Human Rights Watch ta yi kira da a gudanar da bincike kan harin da aka kai kan mambobin jam'iyyar adawa a da kuma gabanin zaben Bangladesh. 

## Dimokuradiyya

### Zabe
A shekara ta 2011, majalisar dokoki karkashin jagorancin Awami ta soke gwamnatin rikon kwarya ta Bangladesh, wadda aka yi niyya ta zama mai bada garantin tsaka tsaki a lokacin babban zabe. 'Yan adawa, jam'iyyar masu ra'ayin kishin kasa ta Bangladesh sun yi nuni da cewa, ba za a iya gudanar da zabe cikin 'yanci ba a karkashin gwamnatin Awami League mai ci, musamman bayan da kungiyar ta yi wa kundin tsarin mulkin kasar kwaskwarima domin a samu zaman majalisa yayin gudanar da zabe, wanda ya saba wa ka'idojin Westminster.

A cikin shekara ta 2015, an lalata zaɓen kananan hukumomi ta hanyar zargin magudi da tsoratar da masu jefa kuri'a da kafofin watsa labarai. Jam'iyyun adawa sun bukaci gwamnatin wucin gadi mai tsaka-tsaki a lokacin zaben. A mayar da martani, gwamnati ta ba da shawarar ƙuntata ayyukanta na siyasa yayin shirya da kuma gudanar da zabe.

### Zaɓuɓɓuka na kyauta

An bayyana sashe na 70 na Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Bangladesh a matsayin daya daga cikin manya-manyan matsalolin da ke kawo cikas ga dimokradiyyar Bangladesh. Labarin ya takaita kada kuri'a a majalisa. Wannan yana nufin 'yan majalisar ba su da 'yancin yin zabe. A cewar labarin, 'yan majalisar za su rasa kujerunsu idan suka kada kuri'ar adawa da jam'iyyarsu. Masu suka dai sun ce labarin ya tattake ‘yancin fadin albarkacin baki a majalisar da kanta. A sakamakon haka, an kira majalisa hatimi na roba da kuma guragu.

### Ikon gaggawa
Sashe na IXA na kundin tsarin mulki ya shafi Yanayin gaggawa. An kara ikon gaggawa a cikin gyare-gyare na biyu. An ayyana lokutan gaggawa uku a tarihin Bangladesh, ciki har da 1973, 1990 da 2007. Mataki na 141 (B) da Mataki na 141, (C) suna ba da izinin dakatar da haƙƙoƙi na asali a lokacin gaggawa. An yi suka sosai kan labaran. A cikin Janairu 2007, lokacin da rikicin siyasa na Bangladesh na 2006-2008 ya ga ayyana dokar ta-baci, New Age ya bayyana a cikin wani edita "... ta hanyar ayyana dokar ta-baci don warware kurakuransa, shi ne sake mutanen da shugaban ke cutar da su ta hanyar dakatar da haƙƙinsu na dimokuradiyya. 'Yan ƙasa ba su da laifi ga halin da ake ciki na siyasa kuma don haka kada gwamnati ta fuskanci halin da ake ciki na siyasa. don haka ya kamata shugaban kasa ya gaggauta dawo da muhimman hakkokin ‘yan kasa”.

## Shari'a da adalci
 

### Kashe-kashen da ba a hukunta su ba

Mataki na 32 na Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya yi shelar cewa "babu wani mutum da za a hana rai ko 'yancin mutum sai dai bisa ga doka". A zahiri, Bangladesh tana da kashe-kashe da dama da kuma tilasta bacewar kowace shekara. Ana zargin Bataliya ta Rapid Action da kasancewa kan gaba wajen aikata irin wannan cin zarafin dan Adam, sai kuma rundunar ‘yan sandan Bangladesh, da Darakta Janar na Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Sojoji da kuma Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Kasa.

### Hukuncin kisa
Hukuncin kisa ya kasance doka a Bangladesh. An kashe mutane hudu a kasar a shekarar 2022, kuma hudu a shekarar 2021. Ana iya amfani da shi ga kowa da ya wuce shekaru 16, amma a aikace ba a amfani da shi ba ga waɗanda ba su kai shekara 18 ba.

Ana iya amfani da hukuncin kisa a matsayin horo ga laifuka kamar kisan kai, tayar da kayar baya, laifuka da suka shafi mallaka ko fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi, laifukan da suka shafi fataucin mutane, cin amana, leken asiri, laifukansu na soja, fyade, satar jiragen sama, sabuntawa, ko ta'addanci. Ana aiwatar da shi ta hanyar ratayewa da harbi; hukumomi yawanci suna amfani da ratayewa kawai.

Bangladesh ba wata jiha ba ce ga Yarjejeniyar Zaɓuɓɓuka ta Biyu ga Yarjejeniyar ƙasa da ƙasa kan 'yancin ɗan adam da siyasa kan soke hukuncin kisa.

Tsohon Ministan Shari'a na Bangladesh Anisul Huq ya nuna da doka a ikon gwamnati a karkashin wannan hanyar za a sanya mafi girman girman girman wadanda ake zargi da fyade. Wannan yanke shawara ya biyo bayan fushin jama'a game da bidiyon wata mace da aka samo a kan layi wanda ke nuna maza da ke cin iya ta. Daga baya aka gano cewa 'yan matan sun yi wa yarinyar fyade akai-akai.

## 'Yancin mata
Kungiyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Bangladesh ta gano "rashin kwanciyar hankali na aure" a matsayin babban dalilin talauci da talauci "mai tsanani da matsananci" tsakanin iyalai masu shugaban mata. Hukumar Shirye-shiryen Bangladesh ta ce mata na iya zama matalauta bayan sun rasa namiji da ke samun kuɗi saboda watsi ko saki. Mata a Bangladesh suna da matukar damuwa ga wani nau'i na tashin hankali na gida da aka sani da jefa acid, wanda aka jefa acid mai mahimmanci a kan mutum (yawanci a fuska) tare da manufar matsanancin lalacewa da warewar zamantakewa. A Bangladesh, ana nuna mata a matsayin masu nuna bambanci: bisa ga wani binciken, daga 1999 zuwa 2009, kashi 68% na wadanda suka tsira daga Harin acid mata ne / mata.

A shekara ta 2010, an gabatar da wata doka ta hana cin zarafi a cikin gida, wadda ta bayyana haifar da "asara ta tattalin arziki" a matsayin tashin hankali a cikin gida kuma ta amince da 'yancin zama a cikin gidan aure. Dokar ta kuma baiwa kotuna damar ba da kulawa na wucin gadi ga wadanda suka tsira daga tashin hankalin gida. A cikin 2012, Hukumar Shari'a ta Bangladesh, wanda ma'aikatar shari'a, shari'a da harkokin majalisa ta goyi bayan, ta kammala bincike a duk faɗin ƙasar game da gyare-gyare ga dokokin musulmi, Hindu, da Kiristanci. A watan Mayun 2012, majalisar zartaswa ta amince da daftarin doka don yin rajistar auren Hindu na zaɓi. Ma'aikatar shari'a, shari'a da harkokin majalisa tana kuma duba yiwuwar yin garambawul ga tsarin kotunan farar hula - musamman kan bada sammaci wanda zai inganta ingancin kotunan iyali.

Bangladesh na da yawan auren wuri. Gwamnati ta sha alwashin kawo karshen aurar da yara ‘yan kasa da shekara 15 a shekara ta 2021. Amma a watan Fabrairun 2017, an kafa wata doka da ta bai wa ‘yan matan da ba su kai shekara 18 damar yin aure a “na musamman,” kamar “batsa” ko “ciki ba bisa ka’ida ba,” tare da izinin iyayensu da kotu.

## Hakkin LGBT
A cikin 2014, gwamnatin Bangladesh ta amince da hijras a matsayin jinsi na uku.

Har yanzu dokar hukunta laifuka ta Burtaniya ta Raj-era tana aiki a Bangladesh. Sashi na 377 na kundin ya haramta luwadi da madigo. A shekarar 2016, kungiyoyin 'yan ta'adda sun dauki alhakin kashe editan mujalla na LGBTQ na farko a Bangladesh Xulhaz Mannan da abokin aikinsa Tanay Majumdar. 

## Cin hanci da rashawa
A cikin 2017, Bangladesh ta samu kashi 28 cikin 100 (0 da ke cin hanci da rashawa da kuma 100 masu tsabta), a cikin "Index na Ra'ayin Cin Hanci da Rashawa" ta Transparency International, kuma ta kasance ta 143 mafi cin hanci da rashawa cikin kasashe 180. A 2016, sun ci 16, kuma a 2015 sun ci 25.

A cikin 2018, ana iya samun cin hanci da rashawa a asibitoci, dakunan gwaje-gwaje, da kantin magani ta hanyar cin hanci. A cikin 2018 kadai, an kiyasta cewa an yi maganin TK 10,688 ta hanyar cin hanci. Sama da kashi 66% na gidaje sun yi iƙirarin cin hanci da rashawa a cikin masana'antun sabis. Hakanan ana samun cin hanci da rashawa a cikin jami'an tsaro, inda sama da kashi 72% na gidajen suka yi iƙirarin cin hanci da rashawa a game da jami'an tsaro. Wadanda suka fada cikin cin hanci da rashawa sun gano cewa jami’an da suka fi cin hanci da rashawa sun kasance a ofisoshin jami’an tsaro da fasfo, suna bukatar cin hanci da rashawa domin a gudanar da ayyukanku. Baya ga cin hanci da rashawa, akwai kuma cin hanci da rashawa ta fuskar fafutuka, a harkar iskar gas, da ilimi, da samar da ruwa, da na wutar lantarki, da sauran manyan masana’antu. Cin hanci jigo ne mai tushe, yana haɗa matsalolin tare.

Har ila yau, aikin bayi ya zama ruwan dare a Bangladesh, tare da tilasta wa mutane sama da miliyan 1.5 yin aiki, kai tsaye ya karya haramcin aikin tilas. Kashi 85% na bayi maza ne, kuma kashi 15% mata ne, wanda ya sa Bangladesh ta kasance ta 4 dangane da yawan bayi a duniya, Indiya, China da Pakistan ne kawai suka fi su. Yawancin maza suna aiki a masana'antun aiki kamar noma ko gini,  yayin da mata da 'yan mata da yawa ke bautar gidajen karuwai. Da yake komawa ga cin hanci, an gano masu gidan karuwai suna cin hanci ga 'yan sanda don shawo kansu cewa yaran suna da akalla 18, shekarun doka don yin aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin jima'i a Bangladesh. Wadannan mata da 'yan mata suna samun kuɗi kaɗan, yayin da masu gidan karuwai ke riƙe da mafi yawan ribar. Fiye da kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na ma'aikatan jima'i a Bangladesh sun shiga fagen sakamakon sayar da su ko tilasta musu yin bautar.

### Rashin amincewa da hukumomin kasa da kasa
Human Rights Watch ta ruwaito cewa gwamnatin wucin gadi ta Bangladesh, ta sami ci gaba mai iyaka a kan ajanda na haƙƙin ɗan adam. Yayin da abubuwan da suka faru na bacewar bacewar jama'a da fargabar yaduwa suka ragu tun daga gwamnatin da ta gabata, ana ci gaba da nuna damuwa kan tsare mutane ba bisa ka'ida ba, da ayyukan siyasa, da kuma rashin yin garambawul. Gwamnatin rikon kwarya na ci gaba da fuskantar matsin lamba daga kungiyoyin kasa da kasa da kungiyoyin farar hula don magance cin zarafi da aka yi a baya, da tabbatar da bin doka da oda, da aiwatar da gyare-gyaren shari'a da aka dade ba a yi ba, don kare muhimman hakkoki da mulkin dimokuradiyya.

## Dubi kuma

* Cibiyar Shari'a da Sulhu (Bangladesh) 
* Tsanantawa na Biharis a Bangladesh
* Karuwanci a Bangladesh
* Crossfire (Bangladesh) 
* Gidan baƙi (Bangladesh) 
* HIV / AIDS a Bangladesh
* Jerin shari'o'in ɓata sunan addini a karkashin sashi na 57 a Bangladesh
* Tsananta 'yan jarida a karkashin gwamnatin wucin gadi ta Bangladesh (2024-25) 
* Takunkumin Amurka a kan Bangladesh

## Bayani da nassoshi