Shuka don Pakistan

**Shuka don Pakistan** (Plant4Pakistan), wanda aka fi sani da Tsunami na Itace Miliyan 10, wani aiki ne na shekaru biyar don dasa bishiyoyi biliyan 10 a fadin Pakistan daga 2018 zuwa 2023.  Firayim Minista Imran Khan ya fara tafiyar a ranar 2 ga Satumba 2018 tare da kimanin itatuwa miliyan 1.5 da aka dasa a rana ta farko. Yaƙin neman zaɓe ya dogara ne akan nasarar nasarar da aka samu a yakin neman zaɓe na Billion Tree na tsohuwar gwamnatin Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf, wanda Imran Khan ya jagoranta, a lardin Khyber Pakhtunkhwa a shekarar 2014.  Wannan shirin daban-daban sau da yawa ana rikita shi da shirin Firayim Minista Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif wanda ya kaddamar da kamfen na kasa na Green Pakistan kuma ya ba da kudaden kasafin kuɗi daga PSDP.

A cikin 2020, shirin ya ninka yawan ma'aikatansa sau uku zuwa 63,600 bayan an dakatar da shi na ɗan lokaci bayan annobar COVID-19 a Pakistan, da nufin shigar da waɗanda suka bar marasa aikin yi saboda sakamakon tattalin arzikinta.

Yawancin aikin, wanda ya biya tsakanin 500 da 800 rupees (US $ 3-5) a rana, ya faru ne a yankunan karkara, tare da mutane da ke kafa wuraren kula da yara, dasa shuke-shuke, da kuma aiki a matsayin masu tsaron gandun daji. An ba da kyautar rupees biliyan 7.5 ($ 46m) a cikin kudade. Saplings da aka dasa a lokacin shirin sun hada da mulberry, acacia, moringa da sauran nau'ikan asali.

## Tarihi
Tsunami na Billion Tree wani babban shiri ne na gandun daji wanda gwamnatin Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ta kaddamar a Pakistan a shekarar 2014. Shirin ya yi niyyar dasa bishiyoyi biliyan daya a kan hekta 35,000 na gandun daji da kuma ƙasa mara kyau. Nasararta nan da nan ta sami karbuwa ta duniya, tare da kungiyoyi kamar Bonn Challenge, Bankin Duniya, da IUCN suna yabon tasirin muhalli.

Da aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar aikin asali, Firayim Minista Imran Khan ya fara irin wannan, babban ƙoƙari, Tsunami na Itace biliyan 10, a cikin 2018. Wannan shirin ya nemi sake gina gandun daji na hekta miliyan daya a duk fadin Pakistan. Aikin ya sami babban kulawa a duniya kuma ya yi wahayi zuwa ga irin wannan ƙoƙari a wasu ƙasashe. Duk da yake ci gaba ya kasance mai yawa, tare da itatuwa sama da biliyan daya da aka dasa a cikin shekarun farko, burin da ya fi girma na dasa wasu biliyan tara a cikin sauran lokacin ya gabatar da babbar kalubale. Koyaya, idan aka ba da tallafin duniya da ƙarfin cikin gida a bayan aikin, ana sa ran za a kammala Tsunami na Itacen Biliyan 10.

## Rashin dumamar yanayi a Pakistan
Duk da yake tattalin arziki Pakistan na 135 ne dangane da hayakin iskar gas, yana daga cikin kasashe goma a duniya da za a shafar ta hanyar dumamar yanayi bisa ga rahoton shekara-shekara na Global Climate Risk Index na German Watch, wanda ya sanya Pakistan a matsayin na takwas a cikin kasashe da ke cikin haɗarin canjin yanayi. Ya zuwa Nuwamba 2021, Lahore ita ce ta farko a duniya dangane da gurɓataccen iska. Manyan birane sun fuskanci manyan raƙuman zafi da matakan gurɓataccen yanayi a karni na 21, gami da Karachi  da Islamabad. 

Pakistan tana da tsarin halittu iri-iri a cikin iyakokinta, gami da Tekun Larabawa, hamada da yawa da manyan koguna, da kuma fiye da dubban kankara. Pakistan kuma tana cikin haɗuwa da manyan tsaunuka uku; Hindu Kush, Himalayas da Karakoram. Yankunan kamar Lardin Sindh suna cikin haɗarin ambaliyar ruwa saboda narkewar kankara da fashewar tabkuna, yayin da suke cikin haɗarin fari saboda lokacin bushewa mai zafi. Barazanar irin su guguwa suma suna haifar da karuwar barazana ga jama'a.

## Tsarin 'Yankuna Masu Tsaro'
Baya ga dasa bishiyoyi, Gwamnatin Pakistan ta kuma dauki wasu matakan kare muhalli, gami da kara yawan wuraren da aka kiyaye; tun daga watan Disamba na 2022, a halin yanzu akwai wuraren kiyaye namun daji 398 a Pakistan. Daga cikin wadannan, 31 suna da matsayin wurin shakatawa na kasa. Jimlar yankin da aka kare ya wakilci kashi 13% na ƙasar Pakistan tun daga shekarar 2020, tare da gwamnatin Pakistan ta sanar da shirye-shiryen kara wannan adadin zuwa kashi 15% nan da shekarar 2023.

An shirya Kwalejin Gidan shakatawa ta Kasa don wuraren shakatawa na Ziarat da Balochistan, inda za a ba matasa aiki bayan horo na musamman, tare da shirye-shiryen ba da akalla matasa 5,000 aiki.

## Sauran Ayyuka na Green

### Green Energy
Gwamnati nan da nan ta watsar da ayyukan kone kwal na 2600 MW kuma ta mai da hankali kan sabbin ayyukan samar da wutar lantarki na 3700 MW a maimakon haka. Ya kamata a ba da irin waɗannan ayyukan wutar lantarki a cikin ƙasar yanzu. Babu man fetur ko kwal da ke ƙonewa a cikinsu. "An yi ƙoƙari don samar da wutar lantarki ta amfani da hasken rana, ruwa da makamashi na iska. A halin yanzu, fiye da kashi ɗaya bisa uku na wutar lantarki ta Pakistan sun fito ne daga ayyukan da ba a ƙone man fetur ko kwal ba. Ana yin ƙoƙari don samarwa da kashi biyu bisa uku na lantarki a cikin shekaru goma ba tare da ƙone man ko kwal ba".

### Motocin lantarki
 
Wani aikin kare muhalli na gwamnati shine inganta motocin lantarki. Shan sigari daga motoci shine babban dalilin gurɓata birane. Don magance wannan, gwamnati ta sanar da sabon manufa don inganta amfani da motocin lantarki. A karkashin wannan manufofin, an sanya haraji da haraji a kan motocin lantarki. Ana samun ci gaba mai mahimmanci a wannan bangaren. Kamfanin mota na Jamus BMW ya kafa tashar caji a Kasuwar Kohsar a Islamabad. PSO kuma za ta gina wani tashar caji a Jinnah Supermarket. A Karachi, an tsara tashoshin caji guda uku tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da Shell da Karachi Electric, wanda za a shigar da shi a yankunan Tsaro, Gulshan da Gadap. A halin yanzu, akalla kamfanoni rabin goma sha biyu a cikin ƙasar suna shigar da masana'antun taro don motocin lantarki, wanda zai rage farashin waɗannan motocin har ma fiye da motocin da ke amfani da man fetur na yanzu. Gwamnati ta yi fatan cewa a ƙarshen wannan shekaru goma, rabon motocin e-moto zai kai kashi 30% da 90% nan da 2030 da 2040 bi da bi. An ƙaddamar da keken e-bike na farko da aka samar a cikin gida tare da wasu samfuran 6 a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2021.

### Gudanar da diflomasiyya
Tsunami na Billion Tree ba wai kawai yana da tasiri ga muhalli ba amma kuma ya zama kayan aiki mai ƙarfi don diflomasiyya. Nasarar shirin ta haifar da karbuwa da hadin kai na kasa da kasa. Misali, Saudi Arabia, bayan kaddamar da aikinta na Billion Tree, ta gayyaci Firayim Minista Imran Khan don ziyartar da ƙarfafa dangantakar kasashen biyu. Bugu da ƙari, Amurka, ta amince da jagorancin muhalli na Pakistan, ta gayyaci kasar ta shiga taron koli na yanayi.

Tasirin bala'in Tsunami Biliyan na duniya yana da yawa, tare da sauran ƙasashe kamar Burtaniya da New Zealand sun fara irin wannan ayyukan.  . Wannan yunƙurin ya ƙarfafa martabar Pakistan a matsayin mai taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye muhalli.

## Manazarta