Zemunski Kej

**Zemunski Kej (Serbian Cyrillic: Земунски Кеј) ƙauyen birni ne na Belgrade, babban birnin Serbia.&amp;nbsp; Tana cikin gundumar Belgrade ta Zemun.**

## Wurin da yake
Zemunski Kej, kamar yadda sunansa ya nuna (Zemun's dock), yana kusa da gefen dama na Danube. Hanyar kanta (wanda ake kira Kej Oslobo invalidia, Quay of Liberation) ta fara ne a ƙasa da tudun Gardoš, a filin Veliki Trg kuma bayan kilomita  (1.6  ta ci gaba zuwa cikin garin New Belgrade. A yamma yana da iyaka da unguwanni na Donji Grad da Retenzija kuma a kudu unguwar Ušće a New Belgrade . A gabas, a cikin Danube, shine Babban Tsibirin Yakin da rairayin bakin teku Lido . 

## Ruwa
Yankin zamani na Zemun's Donji Grad yana cike da ambaliyar Ruwa a kai a kai. Bayan ambaliyar ruwa mai yawa ta 1876, hukumomin yankin sun fara gina madatsar ruwa mai duwatsu a bakin kogin Danube. Levee, mai tsawon kilomita, an gama shi a shekara ta 1889. Lokacin da tashar wutar lantarki ta Đerdap I fara cika tafkin a ƙarshen shekarun 1960, saboda ruwan da ke cikin Danube, ruwan da ke karkashin kasa a Zemun da New Belegrade ya tashi kuma ɗakunan gine-ginen sun cika da ambaliyar ruwa. Don hana wannan, an gina babban tudu tare da promenade a cikin 1967 don haka Danube da wuya ya ambaliya tashar jiragen ruwa (musamman a cikin 1981).  A gefe guda, an rubuta mafi ƙarancin tarihi na matakin ruwa a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1983.

A watan Satumbar 2007 sake gina sashi mai tsawon mita  (1,150  ya fara hada da kara tsawo na bakin teku, fadada hanyar masu tafiya da kuma gina wani a matakin daban, kammala hanyar keke, da dai sauransu. Ayyuka, waɗanda sune ayyukan farko a kowane bakin teku a Belgrade tun 1990, an gama su a cikin 2008. Ayyukan sun ci gaba a cikin 2010-2011. Bayan an ɗaga shi da mita ɗaya a cikin 1967 zuwa ma'anar   , an ƙara ɗagawa zuwa    a cikin 2010 da    a 2011, don haka hana duk wani ambaliyar ruwa kamar yadda matakin ruwa da aka rubuta bai taɓa fi haka ba. Fiye da    na embankment an fara ƙarfafa shi da 17,000 m3 na kayan daban-daban, sannan a ƙarfafa shi da katako kuma a kara da shi da 20,000 m3 na yashi, dutse da dutse.

A watan Oktoba 2020, an sanar da shirye-shiryen sake ginawa da tsawaita tashar Jirgin ruwa don 2021. Shirye-shiryen sun haɗa da faɗaɗa zuwa arewa, sama da Danube, zuwa Pupin Bridge. An saita lokacin ƙarshe zuwa 2022. Yankin da ake tambaya yana da tsawon kilomita 2.7 (1.7  kuma yana rufe hekta 22.2 (55 acres). An shirya Gasar zane-zane na gine-gine a watan Oktoba 2021, kuma an zaɓi zane-zane uku a watan Fabrairun 2022. Bankin da ke cikin wannan ɓangaren yana da saurin lalacewa, saboda shi ne ɓangaren ƙarshe na Zemun Loess Plateau. Tana tsakanin Danube da yankin Gornji Grad ta Pregrevica . Don ɗaga tsawo na bankunan, da kuma dakatar da ci gaba da rushewa bankin, za a gina shinge, tare da hanyar da ke kusa da shi da hanyoyi, a matsayin mai faɗi, mai kama da matakai. Shirye-shiryen sun haɗa da tashar jiragen ruwa da haɗin tare da hanyoyin masu tafiya da keke a kan Pupin Bridge.

### Jiragen ruwa
A farkon shekarun 1970s, masanin gine-gine Brani*Slav* Jovin ya tsara filin da tashar jiragen ruwa a gaban Otal din Jugoslavija . Gabaɗaya ana ɗaukar su kyakkyawa da kyau, aikin yana ba da damar saukowa daga otal zuwa bankin Danube. A farkon shekarun 1990s sun ga fadada *splavovi* (singular, splav), clubs a kan koguna. Sun samo asali ne a bakin kogin Sava kuma sun fadada a unguwar Ušće da ke kusa. Bayan shekara ta 1996, sun bazu tare da tashar jiragen ruwa a gaban otal ɗin.

Wurin ya kasance mai kyau saboda yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da ba su da yawa a lokacin, inda akwai isasshen filin ajiye motoci kuma an shirya tashar jiragen ruwa kuma an gina shi, yayin da wasu sassan bankunan da ke cikin jirage har yanzu suna da laka kuma ba za a iya isa ba. A cikin 1996-2000 lokacin, an sanya *splavovi* cikin sauri a gaban otal ɗin kuma a cikin irin waɗannan lambobi, cewa sun zama kusa da juna har baƙi daga ɗayan splav sun sami damar yin magana da baƙi daga wani. A wannan lokacin, jiragen ruwa a Otal din Yugo*Slav* sun zama daya daga cikin shahararrun wuraren shakatawa, yayin da jiragen ruwa suka zama ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da ke da alaƙa da Rayuwar dare ta Belgrade, amma kuma an haɗa su da masu laifi da abubuwan da suka faru da yawa. Dukan ɓangaren bankin da ke gaban otal ɗin tun daga wannan lokacin an san shi da "Chez Juga" (*Kod Alƙali*), bayan gajeren sunan otal ɗin.

Yawancin jiragen ruwa da aka sanya a ƙarshen shekarun 1990 har yanzu suna aiki, har ma a ƙarƙashin sunaye iri ɗaya, amma ana maye gurbinsu da manyan nau'ikan zamani, ba kamar sauran wuraren da *splavovi* ya bayyana kuma ya ɓace ba, ko canza sunaye.

### Jirgin ruwa

Zemunski Kej is the main Zemun's landing area for numerous boats. In 2014 the government set the area of the former port as the future revitalized port area. In April 2018 it was announced that the pier for the touristic ships and cruisers will be built on the quay. It was to be constructed near the Old Port Authority (*Stara Kapetanija*) where the old Zemun port was located. Designed to accept ships up to  long and  wide, the project was to be finished by the 2019 nautical season. It will be the second international touristic pier in Belgrade, after the one in Savamala neighborhood, on the Sava river. The central steel pontoon,  long and  wide, will serve for the boarding and disembarkation of the visitors.

Ginin ya fara ne a watan Yunin 2019 kuma zai kasance na kwanaki 120, ko zuwa Disamba 2019. Koyaya, tunda ayyukan ba su tafi kamar yadda aka tsara ba, a watan Nuwamba na 2019 an matsa lokacin ƙarshe zuwa Maris 2020 da kuma kakar jirgin ruwa ta gaba. Lokacin da aka fara gina tarin tallafi, an gano slabs daga tashar da ta gabata kamar yadda jiragen ruwa da yawa suka nutse. Babbar tashar za ta kasance tsawon mita , tare da tarin 20, yayin da pontoon zai huta a kan dolphins biyu. Ana kafa tarin zuwa zurfin    don jimrewa da matsin kankara, yayin da za a haɗa wasu pontons zuwa tarin don ya tashi ya faɗi, biyo bayan canjin matakin ruwan Danube. Akwai wasu juriya na farko ga aikin tsakanin jama'ar yankin,  musamman game da yanayin muhalli da tasiri a yankin da ke kusa da tsibirin Great War.  An gama tashar jirgin ruwa a ranar 6 ga Yuni 2020,  amma jiragen ruwa sun fara tsayawa ne kawai a ranar 2 ga Satumba 2023 .  

### Babbar gada
A shekara ta 1966, sojoji sun sanya gadar pontoon don haɗa Lido Beach, a kan Babban Tsibirin Yakin a Zemun, a karon farko. An sake komawa gadar daga Ada Ciganlija inda aka sanya ta a 1961, bayan an gama tashar dindindin a Ada. Ya haɗa Zemunski Kej da tsibirin, a fadin wani bangare na Danube. Daga baya aka cire gadar, kuma ra'ayin gina gadar zuwa Babban Tsibirin Yakin ya watsar da shi a hukumance a shekarar 1972. 

Tun daga shekara ta 1996,  sojoji sun sanya gadar jirgin ruwa kusan kowace shekara. Kamar yadda kusan rairayin bakin teku ya shafe a lokacin ambaliyar Turai ta shekara ta 2006, ba a shimfiɗa jirgin ruwa daga shekara ta 2006 zuwa shekara ta 2008 ba. Gabaɗaya, gadar tana nan daga Yuli zuwa Satumba. Yana da tsawon mita  (1,230  kuma an sanya shi ta hanyar injiniyoyi na Sojojin Serbia. Tsayar da gadar a kai a kai yana haifar da zanga-zangar daga ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa, ko dai wadanda ke aiki a matsayin ma'aikatan dogo lokacin da babu gada, ko kuma wadanda aka katange su a hannun Danube tsakanin tsibirin da bankin da ke fadin ta.

A cikin lokaci, akwai shawarwari da yawa na gina gada mai kyau zuwa tsibirin, kodayake masu kula da muhalli suna adawa da shi. An tsara aikin gadar a matakai biyu zuwa tsibirin. Masu zanen kaya sun yi la'akari da cewa matakin sama ("gidan gada") zai ƙunshi ra'ayi mai kyau da gidan cin abinci. An watsar da ra'ayin. An yi shi ne saboda zane na gadar, wanda aka yi da kankare da itace, bai ɗauki matakin ruwa mai yawa na Danube ba.

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2016, magajin garin Belgrade Siniša Mali ya ba da sanarwar sake gina Tsohon Babur na Sava. Koyaya, a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2017, bayan an yada takardun aikin, an gano cewa birnin a zahiri yana shirin rushe gadar gaba ɗaya kuma ya gina sabon. 'Yan ƙasa sun yi zanga-zanga yayin da masana suka ki amincewa da dalilan da hukumomi suka bayar. Mali ta ce ba za a rushe tsohuwar gadar ba amma a motsa ta, kuma 'yan ƙasa za su yanke shawarar inda, amma ya ba da ra'ayi don matsa ta zuwa Zemunski Kej, a matsayin gadar masu tafiya ta dindindin zuwa Babban Tsibirin Yakin. Mambobin Kwalejin Gine-gine ta Serbia sun yi adawa da wannan yunkuri. Sun nuna tsoro cewa ra'ayin da ba shi da kyau a zahiri wani abu ne mai banƙyama game da namun daji da aka kare a tsibirin. Sun kuma yi zargin cewa gwamnati, a wannan yanayin kamar yadda yake a duk wadanda suka gabata, za ta yi watsi da masana.

A watan Yunin 2018, masanin gine-gine Bojan Kovačević ya bayyana cewa Mali ta sami ra'ayin haɗa tsibirin saboda taron da aka gudanar watanni da yawa da suka gabata, inda kamfanin Eagle Hills, mai saka hannun jari na aikin Belgrade Waterfront mai rikitarwa, ya tattauna da jami'an birni game da yiwuwar gini a tsibirin. Ya kamata aikin ya hada da gidaje masu zaman kansu, filin golf da otal din de lux. An sake komawa Tsohon Sava Bridge zuwa Babban Tsibirin Yakin.

A lokacin rani na 2020, wani rukuni na 'yan ƙasar Zemun sun shirya takarda don gina gada ta dindindin zuwa Babban Tsibirin Yakin. A watan Satumbar 2020, gwamnatin birni ta Zemun ta tura zane na farko na yiwuwar gadar ga gwamnatin birni. A shekara ta 2022 birnin ya ba da sanarwar gina gadar daga tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa Babban Tsibirin Yakin. Masu kula da muhalli da masu kula da birane suna ci gaba da adawa da gadar dindindin zuwa tsibirin, amma birni ya sake jaddada shirye-shiryen gini a watan Janairun 2022.

A watan Agustan 2023, Shugaban Serbia Aleksandar Vučić ya ce "an riga an sami wurin gadar", don haɗa Zemun da Babban Tsibirin Yakin, kuma zai "nominate" ra'ayin ga 'yan ƙasa.

### Gidan shakatawa na Eupolis
A watan Janairun 2022, an sanar da shirye-shirye don ƙirƙirar taken wurin shakatawa na Eupolis tare da tashar jiragen ruwa, wanda ya shimfiɗa daga Otal din Jugoslavija a kudu, zuwa babban gini a kan Karađorđe Square a arewa. Yana daga cikin aikin matukin jirgi don samar da ƙananan wuraren shakatawa "blue-green" a cikin birane. Belgrade na ɗaya daga cikin biranen matukin jirgi guda huɗu, sauran uku sune Piraeus a Girka, Gladsaxe a Denmark da Łódź a Poland.

Yankin ya haɗa da wuraren tunawa da tashar jirgin kasa ta Zemun ("collonettes"), wurin shakatawa, da filin wasa na yara ("castle"). Wadanda suka halarci gasar zane sun kasance dalibai na Jami'ar Belgrade Faculty of Architecture. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, an zaɓi ayyuka uku, kuma ƙirar ƙarshe za ta zama haɗuwa da duka uku. Baya ga wurin shakatawa mai launin shudi (kore da ruwa), aikin ya haɗa da ƙaramin gini na cibiyar ilimin muhalli.

## Halaye
Yankunan zama sun haɗa da tubalan 9-a da 11-c, yayin da yawancin ɓangaren da ba na zama ba sun haɗa da tubali 9 da 11. A cikin unguwar akwai hanyoyin tafiya ko wuraren kore da ake amfani da su don nishaɗi (ciki har da babban wurin shakatawa na yanayi) da wuraren kasuwanci. Yankin da aka yi amfani da shi don karɓar bakuncin wasan motsa jiki na yanayi. A cikin lokaci, ya zama babba, galibi filin wasa na yara da kuma jan hankali mai kama da kyau, gami da carousel, gidajen yara, popcorn, kayan kwalliya, masu zane-zane na titi, shagunan tunawa, da sauransu. Jimlar wurin shakatawa tare da tashar jiragen ruwa ya rufe kadada 5.74 (acre 14.2). 

Daya daga cikin manyan otal a Belgrade, "Hotel Jugoslavija" yana cikin unguwar, amma an rufe shi tun lokacin da NATO ta kai harin bam a Serbia a 1999 lokacin da ya yi mummunar lalacewa.  An sake buɗe wani bangare a cikin 2007 a matsayin gidan caca mafi girma a Belgrade, kuma an sake buɗe rabin otal ɗin a cikin 2013. A cikin Fabrairu 2014, an sanar da sabbin tsare-tsare game da "Jugoslavija".  An shirya sake gina otal mai tauraro biyar na Kempinski nan da shekarar 2019. Za a inganta katafaren ginin da hasumiyai biyu masu hawa 33, da jimlar bene mai girman 190,000 m2 (2,000,000 sq ft) akan 5 ha (acres 12).  Dokokin birnin sun haramta hakan, amma sabuwar hukumar birnin da ke karkashin jagorancin Siniša Mali ta soke karatun manyan jami'o'i, tare da barin dogayen gine-gine a duk fadin birnin.  A cikin 2015 an yi amfani da cikakken tsarin tsari wanda ya ƙunshi wannan aikin, duk da tsananin adawar da masana da jama'a suka yi na gina manyan gine-ginen da ke kan hanyar jirgin ruwa.  Kimar da aka yi hasashe na ayyukan shine Yuro miliyan 300.  Tun daga watan Agustan 2019 ba a yi komai ba dangane da aikin.  Shugaban "Hotel Jugoslavija Project" Iva Petrović ya ce za su sami "ƙarin bayani" a cikin Oktoba 2019, [2] amma har zuwa Yuli 2022, aikin har yanzu yana tsayawa..

Har ila yau, mabuɗin shine wurin da aka fi sani da tsoffin kafanas a Zemun, kamar Venecija, *Stara Kapetanija*, *Sarans*, da sauransu.

Ga mafi yawanci, titin yana daidai da titin da aka bude don zirga-zirga. Kusa da farkon titin yana daya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin da ke kewaye da Zemun, tare da tashar bas din tashar jiragen kasa da yawa (82, 85, 610, 611, 705). Hanyar ta ci gaba da kewaye da Ušće kuma tana ci gaba da tafiya a kusa da unguwanni na Staro Sajmište da Savski Nasip, kusa da gefen hagu na Sava.

Cikakken gyaran titin ya fara ne a watan Oktoba 2021. Shirin ya haɗa da repclamenet na cikakkun ababen more rayuwa na al'umma (wutan lantarki, aikin ruwa, dumama, datti), gina sabbin wuraren ajiye motoci, wurin ajiye motoci na musamman don bas din yawon bude ido, da kuma zagaye. Za a fadada titin a wani bangare, kuma, a wani bangere, za a maye gurbin asphalt da dutse.

Kamar yadda bankin (kuma ta haka ne tashar jiragen ruwa, ma) ta bi layin tsibirin Great War Island da ke kusa, ita ce farkon tashar jirgin ruwa wanda ke haɗa rairayin bakin teku na Lido a tsibirin tare da ƙasar.

Babban titin zuwa kudu, Otal ɗin Jugoslavija, shine Bulevar Maršala Tolbuhina, wanda a baya ake kiran titin Goce Delčeva.  A cikin karni na 21, an buɗe wuraren abinci da yawa.  Yawancin abinci ne masu sauri da gidajen abinci da gasassun gasassun, kuma adadinsu ya ci gaba da girma ("wuraren abinci da sauri fiye da abubuwan da ke cikin tebur na lokaci-lokaci na Mendeleev").  A yawancin lokuta ana buɗe su 24/7, kuma a cikin lokaci al'amuran zamantakewa sun haɓaka - layukan jama'a na yau da kullun waɗanda ke bazuwa a kan titi suna jiran abinci dare da rana.  Don wannan, titin ya zama sananne da "Titin masu yunwa", "Kwarin masu yunwa" ko "Has Vegas" (yana da Belgrade slang don cin abinci).

**Abin tunawa da 'yan jirgin sama**

Wani abin tunawa da aka keɓe ga matukan jirgi 11 na Royal Yugoslav Army Air Force, wanda aka kashe a lokacin da aka kai hari kan Yugoslavia a 1941, an gina shi a 1994. Miodrag Živković ne ya zana shi.

**Abin tunawa da tashar jirgin kasa ta Zemun**

Akwai abin tunawa da ke tunawa da ainihin tashar jirgin ƙasa ta Zemun.  Tashar tana kusa da Otal din Jugoslavija na zamani.  An gina shi a cikin 1883, lokacin mulkin Austria-Hungary, lokacin da layin dogo, wanda ya haɗa Zemun zuwa Novi Sad, ya ƙare.  A cikin 1884 an shimfida layin dogo a fadin Sava zuwa cikin Masarautar Serbia a matsayin layin dogo na farko a kasar.  Tashar ta fara aiki har zuwa shekarar 1970. Masanin gine-gine Milun Stambolić ya tsara wani katafaren ginin tarihi wanda ya kunshi ginshiƙai guda biyar, waɗanda ke riƙe da saman tashar tashar, da kuma hanyoyin layin dogo da yawa.  An sanya hadadden ginin a kan tudu da ke kusa da otal din, a kan karamin tsayin daka sama da balaguron da ke kan Danube.[1]  An saita hadadden abin tunawa a cikin 1980s

**Abin tunawa da John Hunyadi**

A ranar 22 ga watan Yulin 2019, an sadaukar da wani abin tunawa ga jarumin Hungary na zamani John Hunyadi (Serbian Cyrillic: Сибињанин Јанко, ), a kan titin. Hunyadi ya kare Belgrade daga Ottoman Turks a lokacin Siege na Belgrade na 1456. Shugabannin Serbia da Hungary, Aleksandar Vučić da János Áder, sun halarci keɓewa.

Nan da nan, abin tunawa ya zama abin ba'a.  An bayyana Hunyadi a matsayin an sanya shi a cikin rumfar shawa.  Mutum-mutumin da ke rike da takobi, aikin wani sculptor dan kasar Hungary István Madarasi, bai dace ba idan aka kwatanta shi da abubuwan tarihi na Hunyadi da ke Budapest da Romania.  An kwatanta shi da kama da zane mai ban dariya ko ɗan wasan barkwanci, ya zama abin burgewa a shafukan sada zumunta, inda mutane suka “yi tsammanin” wanda ainihin mutum-mutumin ke wakilta: ƴan wasan kwaikwayo Zoran Radmilović (a cikin fitacciyar rawar da ya taka na Ubu Roi) da Ljuba Moljac [sr], darektan wasan kwaikwayo Ljubiša Ristic [sr], darektan wasan kwaikwayo Ljubiša Ristić, DJ [sredit], [srradio], DJ Markoc [srradio]  zane mai ban dariya, mai rai ko wallafe-wallafen Asterix, Sir Giles, Don Quixote da Tin Woodman, Joan na Arc mai gashin baki, Kinder Surprise abin wasan yara, da sauransu..

Mako guda bayan bayyanar, a daren 30 zuwa 31 ga Yuli, an sace takobin mutum-mutumi, wanda aka haɗa shi da mutum-mutuni, amma 'yan sanda sun kama masu laifin a wannan rana. Su dalibai ne na fasaha guda uku, suna da'awar sun cire takobi don nuna rashin amincewa. A watan Satumbar 2019 wani ya sanya takobi na katako, wanda aka yi wa ado da furanni, a hannun mutum-mutumi mara amfani. Madarasi ya sake ɗaure takobin asali a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 2019. A watan Janairun 2020 tasirin abubuwa a kan mutum-mutumi na jan ƙarfe ya kasance bayyane.

**Branko Najhold na tunawa**

A ranar 18 ga Yuni 2020, an keɓe wani abin tunawa ga  [sr] (1947-2016) a kan promenade. Najhold marubuci ne, wanda ya kafa Salon Caricature na Zemun na Duniya kuma mai ba da labari game da Zemun. Abin tunawa, wanda ke wakiltar siffar Najhold zaune a kan benci, Stevan Filipović ne ya zana shi.

## Gudanarwa
Zemunski Kej ya sanya al'umma ta gida (*Mesna zajednica*, karamin yanki na gudanarwa) a cikin garin Zemun . Ya rabu da yankin Donji Grad kafin ƙidayar shekara ta 1991, lokacin da yake da yawan mutane 3,927. A cikin ƙidayar jama'a ta gaba, a shekara ta 2002, tana da mazauna 3,649. Daga baya aka soke al'ummomin yankin a cikin birane na Zemun.

Ciki har da al'ummomin yankin da ke kusa da dukan titin (Dunav da Jugoslavija), duk unguwar tana da jimlar yawan mutane 13,385 a 1991 da 12,112 a 2002.