open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
I Borghi più belli na Italiya

****  ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta mai zaman kanta mai zaman kanta ta ƙananan garuruwan Italiya masu sha'awar tarihi da fasaha. An kafa ta a watan Maris na 2001 bisa ga shirin Majalisar Yawon Bude Ido ta Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Ƙananan Hukumomin Italiya, da nufin kiyayewa da kuma kula da ƙauyuka masu ingantattun gado.  Taken ta shine  ("Kyawun Italiya ta ɓoye"). 

Mahalarta ƙungiyar ƙananan cibiyoyin jama'a ne waɗanda ke fuskantar barazanar sakaci da watsi da su saboda suna wajen manyan da'irori na yawon buɗe ido. Da farko sun ƙunshi ƙauyuka kusan ɗari, amma sun ƙaru zuwa 361 a shekarar 2023. 

A shekarar 2012, ƙungiyar Italiya ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin membobin da suka kafa ƙungiyar ƙasa da ƙasa mai suna The Most Beautiful Villages in the World, wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta da ke haɗa ƙungiyoyi daban-daban na yankuna da ke haɓaka ƙananan cibiyoyin da ke da sha'awar tarihi da yanayin ƙasa. 

## Bayani

### Ka'idojin shiga
Sharuɗɗan shiga ƙungiyar sune: sahihancin gine-gine na birni, daidaiton gine-gine, iya rayuwa a ƙauyen, ingancin gine-ginen gwamnati da na masu zaman kansu na fasaha da tarihi, ayyuka ga ɗan ƙasa da kuma biyan kuɗin zama memba na shekara-shekara. 

### Shirye-shirye
Ƙungiyar tana shirya shirye-shirye a cikin ƙauyuka, kamar bukukuwa, nune-nune, bukukuwa, tarurruka da kade-kade waɗanda ke nuna al'adun gargajiya, tarihi, abinci da harshe, waɗanda suka haɗa da mazauna, makarantu, da masu fasaha na gida.  Ƙungiyar tana haɓaka shirye-shirye da yawa a kasuwar duniya.       A cikin 2016, ƙungiyar ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya ta duniya tare da ENIT,  don haɓaka yawon buɗe ido a cikin ƙauyuka mafi kyau a duniya.  A cikin 2017, ƙungiyar ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya da Costa Cruises  don haɓaka wasu ƙauyuka, waɗanda ake bayarwa ga fasinjojin da ke shigowa tashar jiragen ruwa ta Italiya a cikin jiragen ruwan mai aiki. 

### Sashen yanki
Yankin yanki na ƙauyuka membobin ƙungiyar shine kamar haka: 31 a cikin Marche da Umbria, 29 a Tuscany, 27 a Liguria, 26 a Abruzzo da Lombardy, 25 a Lazio, 24 a Sicily, 20 a Piedmont, 16 a cikin Emilia - Roma a cikin Emilia- Roma, 14 a Apulia, 13 a Friuli-Venezia Giulia, 11 a Veneto da Campania, 9 a Sardinia da Basilicata, 4 a Molise da 3 a cikin Aosta Valley .

## Ƙauye-ƙauye

### Arewacin Italiya

## Manazarta
Louisa Starr

**Louisa Starr**, daga baya **Louisa Canziani** (1845 &#x2013; 25 ga Mayu 1909) mai zane ce 'yar Birtaniya. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Starr a Landan a shekarar 1845. Iyayenta sune Anna (an haife ta) Cowan da Henry Starr. 'Yan uwan juna ne na asalin Italiya amma an haife su a Landan da Amurka bi da bi.  Suna zaune a Russell Square kuma ta zama mai kwafi a Gidan Tarihi na Burtaniya .  Tana karatu a Makarantar Royal Academy, ta nuna aikinta na farko a can a shekarar 1866 kuma a shekarar 1876 ta nuna zane-zane 17.  Ta lashe lambar zinare a Royal Academy for history painting a watan Disamba na 1867.  Ita ce mace ta farko da ta yi hakan kuma lambar zinare ta Jessie Macgregor ta biyo baya a shekarar 1871, amma mace ta gaba da ta yi hakan ba ta kasance ba sai a shekarar 1909. 

Ta auri wani injiniyan gine-gine na Italiya mai suna Enrico Canziani (1848 – 1931) sannan ta sanya hannu kan ayyukanta da sunan aurenta. 'Yarta Estella Canziani ita ma ta zama mai zane.

Ta baje kolin ayyukanta a Fadar Fasaha ta Fine Arts a bikin baje kolin Columbia na Duniya na 1893 da aka gudanar a Chicago, Illinois. 

An saka zanenta *Sintram da mahaifiyarsa* a cikin littafin 1905 mai suna *Women Painters of the World* . 

Starr ya mutu a Landan a ranar 25 ga Mayu 1909  kuma an binne shi a kabarin dangin Starr (shiri mai lamba 19975) a gefen yamma na Makabartar Highgate kusa da kabarin Elizabeth Siddal . &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Hotunan Hotuna

Fayil:Cold_Spring_-_The_Alien_-_Louisa_Starr_-_ABDAG004514.jpg|alt=Cold Spring - The Alien (1906; Aberdeen Art Gallery)| *Sanyi Bazara - Baƙo* (1906; Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Aberdeen )
Fayil:Louisa_Starr_Canziani_-_Sintram_and_his_mother.jpg|alt=Sintram and his Mother, from a story by De la Motte Fouqué| *Sintram da Mahaifiyarsa*, daga wani labari na De la Motte Fouqué
Fayil:Grave_of_Louisa_Starr_in_Highgate_Cemetery.jpg|alt=Grave of Louisa Starr in Highgate Cemetery| Kabarin Louisa Starr a Makabartar Highgate


## Manazarta
Oceanswell

**Oceanswell** ita ce ƙungiyar farko ta nazarin kiyaye ruwa da bincike a Sri Lanka  kuma masanin ilmin halittu na ruwa Asha de Vos ce ta kafa ta. 

## Ayyuka

### Aikin Blue Whale
Oceanswell an san ta da aikin Blue Whale Project  wanda shine bincike na farko na dogon lokaci kan blue whale whale a Arewacin Tekun Indiya.  Aikin ya mayar da hankali kan kiyaye blue whale whale  daga barazanar kamar hare-haren jiragen ruwa.   De Vos ya kafa Aikin Blue Whale  wanda shine babban aikin Oceanswell.  

### Binciken kiyayewa
Binciken ya haɗa da COVID-19 da Aikin Kamun Kifi,  bambancin yanayi na Dutsen Lavinia Beach,  ingancin hana kamun kifi na shark  da kuma binciken fafutuka kan abinci mai gina jiki a bakin teku da aka gudanar ba tare da Kimanta Tasirin Muhalli ba.  Littattafan da aka buga kwanan nan suna fafutukar kare ' kimiyyar parachute ' wanda shine aikin masana kimiyyar yamma na tattara bayanai a ƙasashe masu tasowa da kuma barin ba tare da horo a yankin ba.  

### Ilimi da kuma wayar da kan jama'a
Oceanswell tana gudanar da zaman ilimi ga yara 'yan makaranta, darussa na gina ƙwarewa, darussa na filin kiyaye halittu na ruwa, tarurruka na wata-wata ga mutane daga fannoni daban-daban don tattauna batutuwan kiyaye halittu na ruwa,  tana ceto dabbobin ruwa da suka makale  kuma tana wayar da kan mutane game da nau'ikan halittu.   

## Kyaututtuka
An karrama shi a matsayin Zakaran Kyauta a Taron Tattalin Arziki na Duniya na 2020 a Davos. 

## Manazarta
Kungiyar Gudanarwa ta Irish

**Ƙungiyar Kula da Wasannin Irish Coursing (ICC)** ƙungiya ce ta ƙasa don kula da wasannin zomo a Ireland. An kafa ta a shekarar 1916, ta ƙunshi ƙungiyoyi 89 masu alaƙa a Tsibirin Ireland  kuma tana aiki a matsayin hukuma ta hukuma don nau'ikan wasannin Irish  .  Ta sarrafa kuma ta gudanar da tseren Greyhound ne kawai a Ireland har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa Hukumar Greyhound ta Irish a 1958, duk da haka har yanzu tana ci gaba da yin hakan a Arewacin Ireland .  

## Taro na Ƙasa
Ƙungiyar tana gudanar da tarurrukan ƙasa guda biyu, Taron Ƙasa a filin wasa na Clonmel Greyhound da ke County Tipperary a watan Fabrairu, wanda shine babban taron da ya fi daukar hankali a kalandar zagaye, wanda ya jawo hankalin mutane 10,000.&nbsp;masu kallo,  kuma masu shirya shi sun yi iƙirarin cewa darajarsa ta kai €16&nbsp;miliyan don tattalin arzikin yankin,  da kuma Kofin Irish a County Limerick Coursing Club ' yan makonni bayan haka. 

## Kare Muhalli
Wani bincike da Dr. Neil Reid ya gudanar a shekarar 2010 a Jami'ar Queen's Belfast ya gano cewa yawan zomaye a cikin wuraren adana dabbobin ICC ya ninka na daji a Ireland sau goma sha takwas.   ICC ta yi iƙirarin cewa ba tare da bin ƙa'ida ba, za a sami ƙaruwar farautar da ba bisa ƙa'ida ba. 

A watan Yulin 2019, an gano cutar zubar jini ta zomo (RHD2), wata cuta mai saurin yaɗuwa da ake yi wa lakabi da 'ƙafa da baki na zomo' wadda ke kashe Leporidae (zomo da zomo), a cikin zomo na daji a County Clare, County Wexford da County Wicklow . Sakamakon haka, Ma'aikatar Al'adu, Gado da Gaeltacht sun dakatar da lasisin kamawa da yiwa alama ga ICC da ƙungiyoyin da ke da alaƙa.   An gano RHD2 a cikin zomo a cikin gundumomin Clare, Cork, Dublin, Kildare, Leitrim, Meath, Wexford da Wicklow. A watan Agustan 2019, an ɗage takunkumi a yankunan da ba su wuce 25 ba.&nbsp;An haramta yankunan da ke kewaye da wuraren gano abubuwa, waɗanda ƙungiyar ta yi maraba da su. 

## Dokoki
Dokokin da suka shafi Ƙungiyar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Irish suna da tsauri, tare da sassa 178 a sassa 9, wannan ƙari ne ga Dokokin da Dokar Jamhuriyar Ireland ta gabatar. 

Ana buƙatar kowane ɗan greyhound da aka haifa a Ireland ya sami katin shaidar Irish kuma yana buƙatar microchip.  Yawancin greyhounds da aka haifa ana sayar da su ga masu su a cikin tseren Greyhound a Burtaniya ko kuma a tseren Greyhound a Ireland . Mafi ƙanƙantarsu suna nan a cikin tseren. Hukumar Greyhound ta Burtaniya ba ta ba masu rajista damar yin gasa a tseren ba. 

## Manazarta
Paul McLean (ƙungiyar rugby)

**Paul Edward McLean**, MBE (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Oktoba 1953) tsohon ɗan wasan rugby ne na Australiya. Ya buga wasan rugby a Queensland da Ostiraliya a shekarun 1970 da 1980, tsohon shugaban Queensland Rugby Union, Australian Rugby Union, kuma wanda aka shigar a zauren shahara na Rugby Union Hall of Fame na Australiya.  Daga 2009 zuwa 2015 ya kasance babban jami'in gudanarwa na Savills (Ostiraliya da New Zealand), yana kula da ayyukan Australasia na mai ba da sabis na gidaje na ƙasashen duniya.

## Iyali da rayuwar farko
An haifi Paul McLean a Ipswich, Queensland ga Bob da Irene McLean. Ya halarci Kwalejin St Edmund da ke Ipswich da Kwalejin Nudgee da ke Brisbane .  McLean ya buga wa Ipswich Rangers,  wasa kafin ya koma Brothers da ke Brisbane, wanda shi ne kulob din rugby na yankinsa a sauran rayuwarsa ta wasa.

Mutane bakwai daga cikin iyalan McLean sun wakilci Ostiraliya a gasar rugby ko kuma gasar rugby. Kakansa Doug McLean Sr. da kawunsa Doug McLean Jr. 'yan wasa ne na ƙasa da ƙasa waɗanda suka buga wa Wallabies da Kangaroos wasa. Kawunsa Bill ya jagoranci Wallabies bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, kuma kawunsa Jack ya yi rangadin yawon shakatawa tare da Wallabies a 1946. Ɗan'uwansa Jeff da ɗan'uwansa Peter suma sun buga wa Wallabies wasa. 

## Aikin Rugby
McLean ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar rugby ta Queensland a shekarar 1973, kuma cikin sauri ya samu ci gaba har ya fara buga wasa a Wallaby a shekara mai zuwa a fafatawa da All Blacks . Ya buga wasanni 31 a jere tsakanin 1974 da 1982. 

Ya kasance ƙwararren mai jefa ƙwallo a raga a duniya kuma a lokacin da yake kan gaba babu wani mai jefa ƙwallo da ya fi shi a wasan. Ya kuma kasance mai hazaka a tseren gudu da kuma mai jefa ƙwallo lokacin da ya ɗauki waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan, kodayake daga baya a aikinsa, masu suka suna yawan kira da a kawo wasan gudu na Mark Ella a ɓangaren Wallaby. McLean ya buga wasa mafi yawa a raga a raga ga Wallabies, amma a wasu lokutan ana mayar da shi baya ko tsakiya don samar da hanya ga abokan hamayyarsa Tony Melrose, Ken Wright da Mark Ella.

McLean ya jagoranci ƙungiyar zuwa nasara a kan Fiji da ci 22-9 a Suva a 1980.  A kakar wasa ta bankwana da ya yi a 1982, McLean ya kai maki 1,000 ga Queensland a wasansa na 100 kuma na ƙarshe. Ya kuma zira maki 21 a wasansa na ƙarshe na Test, wanda shine tarihin ɗan wasan Australiya a wancan lokacin.  

Wani ɗan jaridar Brisbane mai suna Hugh Lunn ya rubuta waɗannan bayanai game da aikin McLean a cikin jaridar The Australian :

## Manazarta
Sally-Ann Spencer

**Sally-Ann Spencer** ma'aikaciyar fassara ce ' yar Birtaniya, wacce ta ƙware a fannin adabin Jamusanci . Ta yi karatun harsuna a Jami'ar Cambridge kafin ta tafi aiki a masana'antar wallafe-wallafe. A shekarar 2005, ta ƙaura zuwa New Zealand, a lokaci guda ta zaɓi fassarar adabi a matsayin aikinta na cikakken lokaci. Ta kammala karatun digirin digirgir a fannin adabin Jamusanci a Jami'ar Victoria ta Wellington .  

A matsayinta na mai fassara, Spencer ta lashe kyautar Schlegel-Tieck saboda fassarar littafin Frank Schätzing na kimiyyar kimiyya mai *suna The Swarm* . Yanzu tana zaune a Wellington . 

A shekarar 2015, an ba Sally-Ann Spence kyautar farko ta Littafin Nazarin Mata a Jamus saboda shawararta ta littafin ' Muryar Jamusanci-Turanci ta Zamani: Littattafai Akan Iyakoki a Zamanin Dijital '.

## Fassarorin da aka zaɓa

* Juli Zeh : Hanyar ( Corpus Delicti ). Harvill Secker, 2012 
* Peter Schössow : Mota ta Farko Ja ce (Mein erstes Auto war rot). Gecko Press, 2011
* Markus Heitz : Yaƙin Dwarves (Der Krieg der Zwerge). Orbit, 2010 
* Markus Heitz: Dwarves (Die Zwerge). Orbit, 2009
* Sebastian Fitzek : Therapy (Die Therapie). Pan Books, 2008
* Frank Schätzing : Swarm ( Der Schwarm ). Hodder da Stoughton, 2006 

## Manazarta
Sean McMahon

**Sean McMahon** (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Yuni 1994) ɗan wasan rugby ne na Australiya wanda ke buga wa Suntory Sungoliath a gasar zakarun Japan.  Matsayinsa na yau da kullun shine Flanker.

## Rayuwar farko da aiki

An haifi McMahon kuma ya girma a Brisbane kuma ya ɗauki matakansa na farko a gasar rugby ta manya tare da GPS a gasar Queensland Premier Rugby. Ya buga wasa a ƙungiyar da ta zo ta biyu a gasar 2013 kuma ya fito tare da abokan wasansa na gaba na Rebels Colby Faingaa da Bryce Hegarty.[1] Nunin McMahon ya sa aka naɗa shi memba na ƙungiyar Melbourne Rebels don kakar wasan Super Rugby ta 2014.[2] Abin mamaki an naɗa shi a cikin rigar lamba 6 don wasan farko na kakar wasa ta Rebels da Cheetahs a AAMI Park a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu 2014. McMahon ya buga duka mintuna 80 a nasarar 35-14 ga ƙungiyar gida.[3] [4]

A ranar 16 ga Afrilu, 2014, ƙungiyar Melbourne Rebels ta sanar da cewa McMahon ta sanya hannu kan sabuwar yarjejeniya ta shekaru biyu, wadda za ta ci gaba har zuwa ƙarshen 2016. McMahon shi ma ƙwararren ɗan wasan golf ne kuma mai raunin 5.

Daga nan McMahon ya buga wa Suntory Sungoliath wasa a gasar zakarun Japan.

## Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa
McMahon ya wakilci 'yan makarantar sakandare ta Australia a shekarar 2011, yana da shekaru 17,  kafin ya zama ɗan wasa mafi ƙanƙanta da ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyar Australia Sevens a shekarar 2011, inda ya buga wasa a ƙungiyar na tsawon shekaru biyu. yayin da kuma ya shiga ƙungiyar ' yan ƙasa da shekaru 20 ta Australia don Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta IRB ta Matasa a Afirka ta Kudu ta 2012.  A watan Mayu na 2014, an naɗa shi kyaftin na Australia a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta IRB ta Matasa ta 2014, wadda za a fara a Auckland a watan Yuni.   Wannan ya biyo bayan ƙarfin aikinsa tare da 'yan wasan Australian Sevens da Melbourne Rebels. 

A ranar 22 ga Oktoba 2014, an nada McMahon a cikin tawagar ƙasar Ostiraliya don gwajin ƙarshen shekara na Wallabies 2014, a ƙarƙashin sabon kocin Michael Cheika . Ya fara buga wasa da Barbarians a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba, amma bayan mako guda ya fara buga wasan gwaji da Wales a filin wasa na Millennium, wanda ya fara a Jersey na #6.

Ya kasance memba na Ƙungiyar Kofin Duniya ta 2015. Ya fara a matsayi na 7 a wasannin rukuni da Uruguay da Wales, inda ya zira kwallaye biyu a kan Uruguay a wata nasara mai girma. 

## Ƙididdigar Super Rugby

## Manazarta
Carolyn Steel

**Carolyn Steel** (an haife ta a Landan ) ƙwararren mai zane ne ɗan ƙasar Birtaniya, marubuciya, kuma malamar makaranta. Ta mayar da hankali kan alaƙar da ke tsakanin abinci da birni, da kuma ci gaban birane. An buga littafinta mafi kyawun siyarwa, *The Hungry City*, a shekarar 2008.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
, inda ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1984. Daga 1995 zuwa 1996, daliba ce a Makarantar Burtaniya da ke Rome, inda ta yi nazarin tarihin birnin. Bayan kammala karatunta, ta fara aiki a matsayin mai zane, inda ta haɗa wannan da koyarwa da rubutu. Ta koyar a Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta London, Jami'ar Cambridge, da Jami'ar Metropolitan ta London . A shekarar 1989, ta shiga Kilburn Nightingale Architects, wani kamfanin gine-gine inda daga ƙarshe ta zama shugabar makaranta.

A shekarar 2008 ta buga littafin *De Hongerige Stad* (Turanci: *Hungry City* ). Da wannan littafin ta lashe *kyautar Royal Society of Literature Jerwood Award for Non-Fiction* .  Littafin ya bayyana, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, yadda kwararar abinci ta shigo Landan da kuma yadda suka bunkasa a tsawon lokaci. Ta soki yadda ake sarrafa abinci a yanzu kuma ta nuna cewa yana buƙatar ya bambanta. Ta kuma yi jayayya cewa abinci mai rahusa ba ya wanzu. A babi na ƙarshe ta tattauna birnin Dongtan na China mai muhalli.  A cikin wannan babi ta gabatar da manufar Sitopia. A cikin littafinta ta bayyana masana'antar abinci a matsayin abin wasa na kasuwar da ke mamaye duniya.  A shekarar 2010 ta zama malamar ziyara a Jami'ar Wageningen &amp;amp; Research . A shekara mai zuwa an buga fassarar littafinta *Hungry City* ta Dutch.

Steel ta kasance mai gabatar da shirin talabijin na *One Foot in the Past* . Ta kuma kasance edita a mujallar *Building Design* .

## Littattafai

* Birnin Hungry: Yadda Abinci Ke Siffanta Rayuwarmu (2008) 
* Sitopia: Yadda Abinci Zai Iya Ceton Duniya (2020) 

## Manazarta
Fraser Masin

**Fraser James Masin** (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Satumba, 2001) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Ostiraliya. Kwanan nan ya buga wa Calgary Stampeders na Canadian Football League (CFL). Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji a Ole Miss.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Fraser James Masin a ranar 12 ga Satumba, 2001, a Ostiraliya.  A makarantar sakandare, ya halarci Kwalejin St Joseph's, Nudgee a Boondall, Queensland .  Ya girma yana buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙa'idojin Australiya, kuma an naɗa shi cikin ƙungiyar jihar a shekarun 2016 da 2017.   Masin kuma ya buga ƙwallon raga da ƙwallon kwando a makarantar sakandare.  Ya fara sha'awar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka bayan ya kalli *ƙungiyar Blind Side.*

## Aikin kwaleji
Masin ya koma Amurka a shekarar 2022 don buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji ga Ole Miss Rebels na Jami'ar Mississippi. Lokacin da yake da shekaru 21, an sanya shi a matsayin ɗan wasa na ƙarami a kakar wasa ta 2022. Ya buga wasanni 12 a shekarar 2022, ya buga sau 41 don yadi 1,727 (matsakaicin 42.1) yayin da kuma ya buga tackle ɗaya da kuma tackle ɗaya da aka taimaka masa. Masin ya buga dukkan wasanni 13 a shekarar 2023, ya buga sau 48 don yadi 2,038 (matsakaicin 42.5) yayin da kuma ya yi rikodin ƙoƙari ɗaya na gudu don yadi 24 da kuma tackle ɗaya da aka taimaka masa. Bayan kakar wasa ta 2023, NCAA ta ba shi wata shekara ta cancanta. Ya buga bugun sau 36 don yadi 1,676 da matsakaicin 46.6 a matsayinsa na ɗalibi na farko a shekarar 2024. Pro Football Focus (PFF) ya lura cewa Masin ya jagoranci taron Southeastern Conference (SEC) kuma ya kasance na huɗu a ƙasar a cikin bugun net na mutum ɗaya da matsakaicin yadi 44.4. PFF kuma ta sanya shi a matsayin ɗan wasa na biyar mafi kyau a cikin ƙasar tare da maki 82.9. Phil Steele ya naɗa shi a matsayin ɗan wasa na huɗu na All-SEC a kakar wasa ta 2024. Masin kuma ya kasance ɗan wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na Ray Guy Award. An naɗa shi a cikin SEC Fall Academic Honor Roll kowace shekara daga 2022 zuwa 2024. Ya kammala karatunsa daga Ole Miss a watan Disamba na 2023 tare da digiri na farko a fannin nazarin fannoni daban-daban.

## Sana'ar ƙwararru
A ranar 29 ga Afrilu, 2025, Calgary Stampeders ta zaɓi Masin tare da zaɓin farko na daftarin CFL na duniya na 2025. [1] Ya halarci ƙaramin sansanin rookie bisa ga gwaji tare da Pittsburgh Steelers a watan Mayu na 2025 amma ba a sanya hannu ba. [2] Daga nan ya sanya hannu a hukumance tare da Stampeders a ranar 14 ga Mayu, 2025. [3] Ya buga wasanni biyar na kakar wasa ta yau da kullun inda ya yi bugun 27 tare da matsakaicin yadi 46.0. Ya kammala kakar wasa a cikin jerin 'yan wasan atisaye kuma kwangilarsa ta ƙare a ranar 2 ga Nuwamba, 2025. [4]

## Manazarta
Daga McGovern

**Des V. McGovern** (1928 - 2013) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙungiyar rugby ta Australiya wanda ya buga wasa a shekarun 1940 da 1950. Ɗan wasan gefe ne na jihar Queensland da kuma wakilin ƙasa na ƙasar Ostiraliya, ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙungiyarsa a Toowoomba, inda daga baya ya zama koci mai nasara kuma sanannen mai sharhi kan wasannin rediyo. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Des McGovern a Toowoomba, Queensland a ranar 13 ga Fabrairu, 1928. Ya kasance ɗalibi a Kwalejin Nudgee ta Brisbane. 

### Sana'ar wasa
McGovern ya fara buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙungiyar rugby league a Ipswich kafin ya koma Toowoomba a shekarar 1947. An fara zaɓensa don wakiltar Queensland a shekarar 1949.[1] A shekarun 1950, McGovern ya kasance memba na ƙungiyoyin gasar cin kofin Toowoomba Bulimba, wanda Duncan Thompson ya horar. A lokacin rangadin gasar rugby ta Faransa a Australia da New Zealand a shekarar 1951, an zaɓi McGovern don ya buga wasa a gefen fili ga Queensland a wasan da suka yi da Frenchmen, wanda ya ƙare da canjaras 22. A shekarar 1952, ya fara samun zaɓi ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon rugby ta ƙasa ta Australiya, inda ya zama Kangaroo mai lamba 296.[2] An zaɓi McGovern a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe don rangadin Kangaroo na 1952-53. A rangadin Kangaroo na 1956-57, an zaɓe shi don ya buga dukkan wasannin gwaji uku da Burtaniya . [3] McGovern ya yi ritaya bayan ya zira kwallaye mafi yawa a tarihin gasar Bulimba Cup da 27.

### Bayan wasa
Bayan ya buga wasa, McGovern ya zama koci mai nasara a yankunan karkara na Queensland da Toowoomba, inda ya horar da Clydesdales. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin marubucin gasar rugby ga *Downs Star* da *The Chronicle* . McGovern ya ci gaba da zama ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun masu watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo a yankin Darling Downs a lokacin haɗin gwiwa na shekaru 36 tare da mai watsa shirye-shirye Pat O'Shea . Ma'auratan sun fara dogon haɗin gwiwa suna kiran wasannin rugby na Toowoomba a tashar rediyo 4AK kafin su koma 4GR, 4WK kuma a ƙarshe 102.7FM.  Daga 1985 zuwa 1987, McGovern shine shugaban ƙungiyar All Whites ta Toowoomba.  Ɗansa, Des McGovern, Jr. shi ma ya buga gasar rugby ta ƙungiyar. A shekarar 2008, ƙungiyar rugby a shekara ta 1000 ta Ostiraliya, an naɗa McGovern a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar Toowoomba da South West Team of the Century.  McGovern ya yi ritaya daga yin sharhi a lokacin hutun kakar wasa ta 2010, yana da shekaru 82. McGovern ya mutu a ranar 8 ga Fabrairu, 2013 a Asibitin St Andrew, Toowoomba, kwana biyar kafin cikarsa shekaru 85. 

## Manazarta
Hugh Denis Macrossan

**Hugh Denis Macrossan** (20 ga Fabrairu, 1881 &#x2013; 23 ga Yuni, 1940) ɗan siyasa ne kuma alkali a Queensland, wata Jiha ta Ostiraliya. An zaɓe shi a matsayin memba na Majalisar Dokokin Queensland, kuma daga baya ya zama alkali kuma Babban Alkali na Queensland. Ya kasance ɗan wani fitaccen ɗan siyasa na Queensland, kuma an zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan majalisa. Ya yi aiki a matsayin alkali daga 1926, har zuwa lokacin da aka naɗa shi babban alkali a 1940 da kuma mutuwarsa daga baya a wannan shekarar. Shi ne babban alkali mafi gajere a tarihin Queensland,  yana aiki wata ɗaya kacal, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan alkalai biyu kacal da suka sami ɗan'uwa da ɗan'uwa a matsayin babban alkali.

## Shekarun farko
An haifi Macrossan a Lutwyche, wanda yanzu yake a gefen birnin Brisbane. Iyayensa, John Murtagh Macrossan da Bridget Macrossan (née Queely), dukkansu 'yan asalin Ireland ne da suka yi aure a Ostiraliya. Mahaifin Macrossan fitaccen memba ne a Majalisar Dokokin Queensland . Macrossan ya yi karatu a Kwalejin St. Joseph's Nudgee da ke Brisbane. Daga baya ya halarci Jami'ar Sydney kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin Fasaha a shekarar 1902. Kafin ya fara aikinsa a fannin siyasa da shari'a, ya yi aiki a matsayin malami a Nudgee na tsawon shekaru uku.

## Aikin siyasa
Macrossan ya fara sha'awar shari'a ne lokacin da ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin Mista Justice Patrick Real na Kotun Koli ta Queensland a shekarar 1904. An shigar da shi Lauya a Queensland a ranar 22 ga Oktoba, 1907 kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya bayan haka. Farkon shigarsa siyasa ya faru ne a shekarar 1910. Ya tsaya takarar Liberal a Majalisar Dattawa a Majalisar Dokokin Ostiraliya a wannan shekarar. Bai yi nasara ba kuma ya koma aiki a fannin shari'a.

A ranar 12 ga Yuni 1912, ya auri Lydia Cremin Hall Woodhouse a Cocin St Patrick da ke Sydney. Ya sake ƙoƙarin shiga siyasa. An zaɓe shi don tsayawa takarar Minista a matsayin ɗan takarar kujerar Windsor a Majalisar Dokokin Queensland, majalisar dokoki ta ƙaramar majalisar Queensland. [1] A wancan lokacin, majalisar tana da kujeru biyu. A wannan karon an zaɓe shi. [2] A lokacin da yake siyasa, ya yi takaicin tsarin jam'iyyar 'yan majalisa kuma ya yi kira ga 'yan siyasa da kada su kaɗa ƙuri'a bisa ga jam'iyya. Bai yi nasara sosai ba wajen yin hakan. A zaɓen 1915 ya ƙi a zaɓe shi a tsohuwar jam'iyyarsa. Maimakon haka, ya tsaya takara a matsayin ɗan takarar 'yan Liberal mai zaman kansa. Ya rasa kujerarsa a wannan zaɓen ga ɗan takarar jam'iyyar Labour ta Australiya.

## Manazarta
Tajhon Mailata

**Tajhon Smallman Mailata** (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Janairu 1986 a Auckland, New Zealand) a halin yanzu yana buga wasan rugby na Wellington Lions bayan ya sauya sheka daga Bay of Plenty Steamers kafin kakar wasa ta 2010. Kafin ya koma New Zealand, ya buga wa ƙungiyar Western Force ta Australiya wasa. 

Yana tsaye a 184 cm kuma yana da nauyin 94 kg, kuma matsayin da ya fi so shi ne mai tsaron baya. An kira shi da "mai gudu mai ban sha'awa da ƙwallo a hannu". 

Ya koma Ostiraliya tare da iyalansa a shekarar 1996, Tajhon ya halarci Kwalejin Nudgee ta Brisbane, [1] ya lashe gasar Premier ba tare da an doke shi ba tare da wata kungiya a shekarar 2002 kuma ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 2003. Yayin da yake Nudgee, Tajhon ya buga wasan baya na baya ga kungiyar 'yan makaranta ta Ostiraliya, wacce aka sanya wa suna a matsayin wurin ajiye 'yan wasa.[2]

Tajhon na gauraye ne na Māori, Samoan da al'adun Turai.  Iwi nasa sune Ngāti Tuwharetoa, Ngaiterangi da Ngapuhi.

## Manazarta
Nina Stibbe

Nina Stibbe (an haife ta a shekara ta 1962) marubuciya ce 'yar Birtaniya da aka haifa a Willoughby Waterleys kuma ta girma a Fleckney, Leicestershire . Ta zama mai kula da yara a gidan Mary-Kay Wilmers, editan London Review of Books . Wasiƙunta da ta rubuta wa 'yar uwarta sun zama littafinta na farko, Love, Nina: Despatches from Family Life, wanda aka daidaita shi zuwa cikin shirin talabijin na BBC na 2016, Love, Nina .

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haife ta a shekarar 1962, Nina Stibbe ta girma a karkarar Leicestershire, Ingila, a cikin iyali mai iyaye ɗaya.    A shekarar 1982, ta bar Leicestershire don yin aiki a matsayin mai kula da yara a gidan Mary-Kay Wilmers na tsawon shekaru biyu, a 55 Gloucester Crescent, London, tana kula da 'ya'yan Mary-Kay biyu tare da Stephen Frears, Sam da Will.  A lokacin Gloucester Crescent ita ce gidan wasu fitattun mutane masu fasaha da adabi, ciki har da Alan Bennett, Jonathan Miller, Claire Tomalin, Karel Reisz, Deborah Moggach da Michael Frayn .  Wannan yanayin adabi ba sabon abu bane a gare ta. A wannan lokacin, Nina ta rubuta wa 'yar uwarta Victoria wasiƙu, a Leicestershire, tana bayyana abubuwan da ta fuskanta a matsayin mai kula da yara a tsakanin fitattun marubuta.  Waɗannan wasiƙun sun zama tushen *Love, Nina: Despatches from Family Life* (2013), wanda aka zaɓa don Littafin Waterstones na Shekara kuma ya lashe Littafin Non-Fiction na Shekara a Kyautar Littattafai ta Ƙasa ta 2014.  

Bayan ta bar gidan Wilmers, Stibbe ta yi karatun Humanities a Thames Polytechnic . A shekarar 1990 ta fara aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar talla a Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, sannan ta zama wakiliyar Open University Press, sannan daga ƙarshe ta zama Routledge, ta zama editan kwamishina.   A shekarar 2002 ta ƙaura zuwa Cornwall tare da abokin aikinta, Mark Nunney, wanda ta haɗu da shi yayin da yake zaune a Gloucester Crescent, da 'ya'yansu.  

A shekarar 2014, ta buga littafinta na farko mai suna *Man at the Helm* .  Stibbe ta shafe sama da shekaru 30 tana ƙoƙarin rubuta littafin, bayan ta sha wahala wajen samun muryarta. 

A shekarar 2016, Nick Hornby ya sauya fim ɗin *Love, Nina: Despatches daga Family Life* don BBC, a matsayin *Love, Nina*, waɗanda Faye Marsay ta fito a matsayin jarumai da Helena Bonham Carter . 

*Dalilan Yin Farin Ciki* sun lashe kyautar Bollinger Everyman Wodehouse ta 2019,  wanda hakan ya sanya Stibbe ta zama mace ta huɗu da ta lashe kyautar.  An zaɓi *Man at the Helm* a cikin 2015 kuma *Paradise Lodge* tana cikin jerin sunayen da aka zaɓa a 2017.  An sanya wa aladu biyu na nau'in da ba a saba gani ba suna Dalili da Cheerful bayan taken littafin. 

A shekarar 2020, an ba Stibbe kyautar Barkwanci ta Mata a Bugawa don Dalilan Be Cheerful, inda ta lashe kyautar £3,000.

## Kyaututtuka

* 2014 - Kyautar Littattafai ta Ƙasa don Ba Almara ba ()
* 2019 – Kyautar Bollinger Everyman Wodehouse 
* 2020 - Matan Barkwanci a Kyautar Bugawa ( *Dalilan Yin Farin Ciki* )  
*

## Littattafan tarihi

*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  

## Manazarta
William Martin (mai iyo)

**William Michael Martin**, OAM (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga Nuwamba, 2000) ɗan wasan ninkaya ne na Paralympic na Australiya. Ya lashe lambobin zinare uku da azurfa ɗaya a gasar Paralympic ta bazara ta 2020 da aka yi a Tokyo, inda ya karya tarihin duniya guda biyu da kuma tarihin Paralympic a lokacin.

## Na Kai
An haifi Martin a ranar 22 ga Nuwamba, 2000. Nakasa ta Martin ta faru ne sakamakon bugun jini da ya yi a shekarar 2007. Yana da matsalar gani, kuma hannunsa ma yana rawa saboda rawar jiki. Malamin koyon ninkaya ne a Kwalejin Nudgee da ke Brisbane. Ya zuwa shekarar 2024, yana karatun digiri a Injiniyan Lantarki a Jami'ar Kudancin Queensland.

Ya kasance yana da alaƙa da abokin wasansa na ninkaya na Paralympic na Australiya Lakeisha Patterson tun daga watan Janairun 2023.

## Aikin ninkaya
Martin ya fara yin iyo bayan bugun jininsa don taimakawa wajen inganta motsinsa. An sanya shi a matsayin mai ninkaya na S9. A gasar cin kofin duniya ta Para Swimming Championships ta 2019 da aka yi a Landan, ya zo na biya⁰r a tseren malam buɗe ido na mita 100 na maza (S10) da kuma tseren mita 50 na maza (S10) da kuma tseren mita 100 na maza (S10).

Martin ya karya tarihinsa na duniya da lokacin da ya yi da 57.73 a tseren malam buɗe ido na maza na mita 100 (S9) a gasar ninkaya ta Australiya ta 2021.

A gasar Paralympics ta bazara ta 2020 da aka yi a Tokyo, Martin ya lashe lambar zinare a tseren mita 400 na maza S9 da minti 4:10.25, rikodin Paralympics. Ya kuma lashe lambar zinare kuma ya kafa sabuwar rikodin duniya na 57.19 a tseren malam buɗe ido na mita 100 na maza S9 . Martin ya lashe lambar zinare a tseren mita 4 × 100 na maza da maki 34, tare da Rowan Crothers, Matt Levy da Ben Popham, inda ya karya tarihin duniya na yanzu da kusan daƙiƙa 2. A tseren mita 34 na maza da maki 4 x 100 na Medley, ya yi iyo tare da Timothy Disken, Timothy Hodge, da Ben Popham. Ƙungiyarsa ta lashe lambar azurfa a cikin minti 4:07.70, sama da daƙiƙa ɗaya bayan waɗanda suka yi nasara, RPC, waɗanda suka kafa sabuwar tarihin duniya.

A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Para Swimming Championships ta 2022, Madeira, Martin ya lashe lambobin yabo biyu - azurfa a tseren mita 100 na maza Butterfly S9 da tagulla a tseren mita 100 na maza Freestyle S9 [1] Bai lashe lambar yabo ba a wasu gasa biyu.

A gasar Commonwealth ta 2022 da aka yi a Birmingham, Ingila, ya kare a matsayi na 4 a tseren mita 100 na maza mai suna Butterfly S10.  

## Ganewa

* 2020 - Gasar Paralympics ta Australia ta Shekara 
* 2021 - Shirin ninkaya na shekara na Olympics na ninkaya na Australia 
* 2022 – Lambar Yabo ta Order of Australia saboda hidimar wasanni a matsayin wanda ya lashe kyautar zinare a Gasar Olympics ta Tokyo ta 2020 

## Manazarta
Mary Stockdale

**Mary Ridgway Stockdale** (1774–1854) marubuciya ce 'yar Ingila kan jigon ruhaniyar Kirista . An haife ta a ranar 18 ga Mayu 1774 a cocin St James, Piccadilly, Westminster, kuma 'yar John Stockdale ce kuma 'yar'uwar John Joseph Stockdale .

## Rayuwar farko
Maryamu yarinya ce mai rashin lafiya, ta yi karatu a gidan mahaifinta, mai buga littattafai. Yayin da ta girma, lafiyarta ta warke kuma ta ci gaba da karatunta, tana karatu sosai da kuma sha'awarta. Ba da daɗewa ba ta sadaukar da kanta ga kula da mahaifiyarta da iyalinta da kuma wata matashiyar mai hidima Elizabeth Haws. Lokacin da Elizabeth ta mutu, Mary ta rubuta waƙarta ta farko, The Effusions of the Heart wanda mahaifinta ya bayar da shawarar bugawa. Duk da haka, Mary ta ƙi ta kuma ba da izinin bugawa ne kawai lokacin da ita kanta ta sake yin rashin lafiya kuma ta yi imanin cewa za ta mutu. A cikin littafin The Mirror of the Mind, ta rubuta game da "rashin komai na abubuwa marasa amfani" kuma tana da "rashin kulawa mafi kyau ga duk abin da ke kewaye da ni."

Ta mutu tana da shekaru 80 kuma an binne ta a ranar 16 ga Yuni 1854 a cocin Hayes, Middlesex .

## Ayyuka

* *Ruwan Zuciya: Waƙoƙi* (1798)
* *Madubin Hankali: Waƙoƙi* (tare da tarihin rayuwa) (1810), juzu'i 2.
* *Gilashin Dubawa ga Hankali, Ko, Madubin Hankali: Kasancewa Tarin Kyawawan Labarai Masu Daɗi da Labarai Masu Ban Sha'awa*,  fassara daga Arnaud Berquin da sauransu
* Wasu ƙananan sassa. 

## Manazarta

## Littattafan tarihi

*  (Google Books)
* Sutton, C. W. (1897) "Stockdale, John", in Lee, S. (ed.) *Dictionary of National Biography*
Junia Secunda

**Junia**, wacce masana tarihi na zamani suka kira **Junia Secunda** don rarrabe ta daga 'yan uwanta mata, tsohuwar mace ce ta Roma wacce ta rayu a karni na 1 BC. Ita 'yar'uwar Marcus Brutus ce, kuma ta auri Marcus Aemilius Lepidus . 

## Tarihin rayuwa

### Aure
Ta auri Lepidus, wanda daga baya ya zama memba na Triumvirate na biyu, tare da Mark Antony da Octavian (daga baya Augustus). Ba kamar 'yan uwansa ba, Lepidus ya kasance yana da aure ga wannan mace a duk rayuwarsa, kuma da alama an sadaukar da shi ga Junia.

Duk da haka, mahaifiyarta da mahaifinta duk sun mutu kafin 91 BC. Sakamakon haka, Servilia, ƙannenta, da 'yan uwanta duk an rene su a gidan kawunsu na uwa, Marcus Livius Drusus. An kashe shi a lokacin mulkinsa a shekara ta 91 BC, a cikin ɗakinsa na alfarma, lokacin da Servilia ke da shekaru tara.[1] An yi wa mahaifinta kwanton bauna aka kashe shi a Yaƙin Zamantakewa da ya biyo baya, yaƙin da kisan Drusus ya haifar, watanni kaɗan bayan kisan kawunta.[1] Bayan haka wataƙila wani kawunta na uwa Mamercus Aemilius Lepidus Livianus,[1] kakarta ta uwa Cornelia ko kuma innarta ta uba Servilia ne suka rene ta.[1] Lokacin da ta girma, Servilia ta sami 'yancin kai bisa doka kuma ta sami babban kadara.[1] [shafi na buƙatar][shafi na buƙatar buƙata]

### Makirci a kan Octavian
Bayan da Octavian ya tilasta wa mijinta daga mulki, Junia ta rasa yawancin matsayinta. Bayan yaƙin Actium ta zama wani ɓangare na makircin kashe Octavian, wanda ɗanta Lepidus the Younger ya kafa. Koyaya Gaius Maecenas ne ya rushe shi.[undefined] An kashe ɗanta bayan an tura shi zuwa Octavian, wanda har yanzu yana gabas a lokacin. An kira ta ta ta bi shi don bayyana a gaban Octavian. Mijinta ya roki tsohon abokin gaba Lucius Saenius Balbinus da ya ba ta belin don ta kasance tare da shi har sai Octavian ya dawo.[1]

## Iyali

## Manazarta
Marcus Junius Brutus (tribune 83 BC)

**Marcus Junius Brutus** (ya mutu a shekara ta 77 KZ) ya kasance mai ba da izini na Jamhuriyar Roma a shekara ta 83 KZ kuma wanda ya kafa mulkin mallaka a Capua . Ya kasance abokin Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, wanda ya jagoranci tawaye a kan majalisar dattijai bayan mutuwar Sulla. Pompey ya kama shi kuma ya kashe shi da cin amana. Shi ne mahaifin ɗa mai suna, wanda ya kashe Julius Kaisar a cikin 44.&nbsp;&nbsp;

## Tarihin rayuwa
Ya yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da jama'a a cikin 83 BC. A lokacin shekarunsa, ya zartar da lissafin kafa mulkin mallaka a Capua .  François Hinard, a cikin Les proscriptions de Rome républicaine, ya yi jayayya cewa an haramta wannan Brutus a cikin haramtacciyar Sullan amma ya tsira ta hanyar mulkin kama karya ta hanyar neman mafaka a Gaul . &nbsp;

A cikin 77 BC, an kafa Brutus, mai yiwuwa a matsayin wakilin, a ƙarƙashin Lepidus a Cisalpine Gaul.   Ya yi kawance da Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, wanda a matsayin mai ba da shawara yana tayar da hankali kan tsarin mulki na Sulla, yana ba da shawara ga wadanda aka haramta, kuma ya yi adawa da jana'izar Sulla.[7] Lepidus ya juya zuwa tashin hankali kuma ya tara sojoji a kan abokin aikinsa Quintus Lutatius Catulus lokacin da Catulus ya sami nasarar toshe shawararsa. Babu wata shaida da ta nuna cewa ya rike mukamin sarki.&nbsp;

Sojojin Catulus sun ci sojojin Lepidus a waje da Roma. Wasu kafofin sun tabbatar da cewa Pompey ko duka Catulus da Pompey ne ke da alhakin, amma mafi kyawun labaran sun ambaci Catulus kawai.   An kafa Brutus a Mutina, inda ya kare sansanin a kan Pompey, wanda majalisar dattijai ta aiko shi don korar shi. Ya tsayayya da hare-haren Pompey na ɗan lokaci, amma daga ƙarshe an mika shi - dakarunsa ko dai sun juya masa ko kuma ya mika wuya da kansa - bayan haka an ba shi izinin fita. Bayan wannan, ya tafi garin Regium Lepidi, inda abokin Pompey na kusa Geminius ya kashe shi. A cewar Plutarch,

Pompey ya aika wa Roma labarin mika wuya da kisa. Majalisar dattijai ta zargi Pompey da aikin cin amana. John Leach, a cikin tarihin rayuwarsa na Pompey, ya kare batun sa ta hanyar jayayya cewa Brutus "watakila ya fara kara goyon baya ga Lepidus (sunan garin ya nuna cewa akwai abokan cinikinsa na gado a can) " don haka Pompey ya "tilasta" ya aika Geminius zuwa Regium Lepidi don sake kama shi da kashe shi. Daga baya za a yi amfani da lamarin a matsayin farfaganda mai adawa da Pompeian don nuna janar din a matsayin "mai yankan matashi".

Cicero ya nakalto Brutus, wanda ya ce yana da ƙwarewa sosai a cikin doka ta jama'a da ta sirri.

## Iyali
Shi ne mijin farko na Servilia, 'yar uwar Cato the Younger. Ɗansa mai suna Servilia shine Marcus Junius Brutus wanda ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu kisan Julius Kaisar . [1][1] Ɗaya daga cikin danginsa na mahaifiyarsa ne ya karɓi mai kisan, ya zama Quintus Servilius Caepio Brutus; idan an haramta wannan Brutus, tallafin zai sami tasirin ɗaga duk wani nakasa na jama'a - mutanen da aka haramta kuma an hana magada su neman mukamin siyasa a Roma - wanda aka watsa wa ɗansa.[1]

## Dubi kuma

* Junia mutane
* Servilia, matarsa
* Marcus Junius Brutus, ɗansa mai suna

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Junia Tertia

**Junia Tertia**, wanda kuma ake kira **Tertulla**, (c. 75 BC - 22 AD) ita ce 'yar ta uku ta Servilia da mijinta na biyu Decimus Junius Silanus, kuma daga baya matar Gaius Cassius Longinus .

## Tarihin rayuwa

### Rayuwa ta farko
Ta hanyar mahaifiyarta, ita ce ƙaramar 'yar'uwar Marcus Junius Brutus,  tana da' yan'uwa mata biyu Junia Prima da Junia Secunda da kuma babban ɗan'uwa mai suna Marcus Junius Silanus .

### Aure da kuma rayuwarsa ta baya
Tertia ta auri Gaius Cassius Longinus, suna da ɗa ɗaya, wanda aka haife shi a kusan 60-59 BC. Ta zubar da ciki a cikin 44 BC. A cikin 47 BC, an yi jita-jita cewa ita ce masoyin Julius Kaisar ta hanyar shirin mahaifiyarta.

Kamar mahaifiyarta, an ba Tertia damar rayuwa fiye da mijinta Cassius, ba tare da cin zarafin da Augustus ba. Ta tsira har zuwa tsufa, ta mutu a 22 AD, shekaru 64 bayan yakin da aka yi a Filibus, [1] a lokacin mulkin sarki Tiberius . Ta tara dukiya mai yawa a cikin gwauruwarta ta dogon lokaci, kuma ta bar dukiyarta ga manyan Romawa da yawa, kodayake ba a haɗa da sarki ba, wanda aka fuskanci zargi. Tiberius ya gafarta wa watsi kuma har yanzu ya ba da izinin gudanar da babban jana'izar don girmama ta, kodayake ba za a nuna abin rufe fuska na Brutus da Cassius a cikin procession ba.[1]

Ta hanyar ɗanta mai yiwuwa ta ƙare a matsayin kakannin sarki Domitia Longina . 

## Itacen iyali

## Dubi kuma

* Junia mutane
* Tertulla

## Manazarta
Marcus Junius Silanus (mai ba da shawara 25 BC)

Marcus Junius D. f. M. n. Silanus Sanata ne na Roman kuma Mai ba da shawara a 25 BC a matsayin abokin aiki na Gaius Julius Kaisar Octavianus, sarki Augustus . 

## Tarihin rayuwa
Silanus ya fito ne daga zuriyar gidan Romawa mai daraja na Junii Silani . Wataƙila shi ɗan Decimus Junius Silanus ne, mai ba da shawara a cikin 62 BC, (don haka jikan Marcus Junius Silanus, mai ba'azi a cikin 109 BC) da Servilia, uwargidan Julius Kaisar, (don nan ɗan'uwan Brutus the Younger, cikakken ɗan'uwan Junia Prima, Junia Secunda da Junia Tertia da surukin Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, mai nasara, ta hanyar Secunda.

Silanus mai yiwuwa shine mutumin da ya yi aiki a matsayin daya daga cikin wakilan Julius Kaisar a 53 BC. 

Ya goyi bayan surukinsa Lepidus a cikin 44 BC bayan kisan Kaisar, tare da Lepidus akan Alps. A shekara mai zuwa, Lepidus ya tura shi tare da dakarun sojoji don shiga Marcus Antonius a Mutina, [undefined] amma ya ki karɓar alhakin taimakon da Silanus ya ba. [undefined] Bayan ya fadi daga tagomashi tare da masu nasara, a cikin 39 ya gudu zuwa Sextus Pompeius. [undefined] Ya sami damar komawa hidimar Antonius a ƙarƙashin sharuddan Yarjejeniyar Misenum.

Wani Silanus daga baya ya yi aiki a ƙarƙashin Antonius a Akaya da Makidoniya  daga 34 zuwa 32, tare da taken *Quaestor pro consule* ko watakila Proquaestor .  Kodayake rubutun a Akaya ya ambaci sunan Silanus wanda iyayensa ake kira Marcus da Sempronia. A wannan lokacin an kuma zabe shi a matsayin Augur . 

Kafin Yaƙin Actium, Silanus ya tafi Octavianus. Sarkin sarakuna na gaba ya tashe shi zuwa Patriciate a cikin 30 BC, kuma sun gudanar da kwaskwarima tare a cikin 25.

Marcus na iya auren wata mace mai suna Manlia daga Manlii Torquati, bisa ga sunayen zuriyarsa. Jikan Silanus, Marcus Junius Silanus Torquatus, ya kasance mai ba da shawara a AD 19, kuma ya auri jikokin Augustus.

## Dubi kuma

* Junia mutane

## Bayanan Kula

## Manazarta
Quintus Servilius Caepio (mahaifin Brutus)

**Quintus Servilius Caepio** (fl. 68-58 BC) ya kasance dan Roma ne, kuma mahaifin Brutus, wanda ya kashe Julius Kaisar .

## Tarihin rayuwa
Geiger ya yi hasashen cewa Caepio ɗan Quintus Servilius Caepio ne, daga wata matar da ba a sani ba kafin Livia. Wannan zai sa ƙaramin Caepio ya zama babban ɗan'uwan Servilia mahaifiyar Brutus, kuma mutum ne daban da ɗan'uwan Cato the Younger Servilius Caepio .  Marshall ya sami gardamar Geiger mai tilasta, kamar yadda Strachan ya yi, amma Treggiari ya yi shakku.

Dangane da yunkurin sake gina rayuwarsa, Caepio na iya riƙe quaestorship a kusan 69 BC, wanda zai ba shi matsayin Sanata. Daga nan ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin (*legatus*) ga Janar Pompey a yakin da aka yi da 'yan fashi na Cilician sannan kuma a cikin Mithridatic War .

A shekara ta 59 KZ, ya karbi danginsa Brutus. A cikin 58 BC, ya bayyana a karo na karshe a tarihi a matsayin mai ba da bashi ga Quintus Tullius Cicero, kuma mai yiwuwa ya mutu ba da daɗewa ba. An yi imanin cewa ya auri 'yar Quintus Hortensius, (watakila mai magana Hortensia)  tun lokacin da wani rubutun ya bayyana Hortensius ɗan Hortalus a matsayin kawun Brutus. 

## Bayyanawa tare da ango na Julia
A cikin 59 BC wani Servilius Caepio ya goyi bayan Julius Kaisar a kan wani wakilin wannan shekarar, Marcus Bibulus, kuma a wannan lokacin an yi alkawarin aure ga 'yar Kaisar Julia, amma a ƙarshe an ba ta ga abokin Kaisar, Pompey.[1][1] An yi wa 'yar Pompey alkawarin wannan Caepio, amma ba a san ko ƙungiyar ta taɓa yin ƙarfi ba.[lower-alpha 1][1] Wannan sake ginawa ya dogara da asalin Servilii da Caepiones da yawa a cikin ambaton da aka warwatsa, wanda Treggiari ya yi shakkarsa. Pelling kuma yana shakkar asalin Julia da aka yi wa alkawari da mahaifin Brutus.[1]

## Bayani
Rodolfo Herrero

**Rodolfo Herrero** jami'in soja ne na Mexico, wanda aka fi sani da shiga cikin Juyin Juya Halin Mexico na 1910 zuwa 1920. An yi imanin cewa shi ne jami'in da ke da alhakin mutuwar Shugaba Venustiano Carranza.

## Tarihin rayuwa
A farkon 1920, Herrero ya kasance kwamandan 'yan tawaye wanda ke ƙarƙashin Janar Manuel Pelaez . Koyaya, a watan Maris na shekara ta 1920, ya mika wuya ga sojojin Carranza a ƙarƙashin alkawarin afuwa kuma an ba shi izinin ci gaba da matsayinsa na Janar.

A watan Mayu 1920, gwamnatin Carranza ta rushe a karkashin matsin lamba daga sojojin da ke goyon bayan Álvaro Obregón. Carranza da magoya bayansa sun yi ƙoƙari su tsere daga Birnin Mexico zuwa Veracruz. A tashar jirgin kasa ta Aljibes, an sanar da su cewa an yanke layin dogo kuma Veracruz ta fadi. Don haka Carranza ya ba da shawarar tafiya da ƙafa zuwa arewacin San Luis Potosí. Ya kasance kusa da ƙauyen karkara na La Union cewa ƙaramin jam'iyyar Carranza ta haɗu da sojojin Rodolfo Herrero. Herrero ya ba da shawarar jagorantar da kuma raka jam'iyyar Carranza ta hanyar yankunan karkara na arewacin Puebla. Ya raka jam'iyyar zuwa karamin ƙauyen Tlaxcalantongo . Herrero ya nemi gafara ta hanyar cewa dole ne ya kula da ɗan'uwan da ya ji rauni Hermilo Herrero, amma ya yi alkawarin dawowa.

Da sassafe a ranar 21 ga Mayu, 1920, sojoji da aka yi imanin suna karkashin umurnin 'yan uwan Herrero sun kai hari ga jam'iyyar Carranza. Lokacin da asuba ta zo, an gano Carranza ya mutu daga raunukan harsashi da yawa.

An umarci Rodolfo Herrero zuwa Birnin Mexico don yin tambayoyi. Obregón ya zarge shi da kisan kai da cin amana. A cikin Babban Birnin, an tambayi Herrero sosai amma ba a gudanar da shi ba. Watanni bakwai bayan haka, an tsare shi na mako guda a gidan yarin soja na Santiago Tlaltelolco . An cire shi daga mukamin soja kuma an cire shi daga rundunar, amma in ba haka ba an ba shi izinin fita.

Daga baya aka sake dawo da Herrero a matsayin janar a lokacin shugabancin Obregón, sai kawai a sake sallamar shi a lokacin shugabanci na Lázaro Cárdenas a 1937. Ɗan'uwansa Hermilo Herrero ya haɗu da Francisco "Pancho" Villa . A hankali yana motsawa sama kuma a ƙarshe ya zama janar na sojojin Villa. Ya mutu ne sakamakon halitta a shekarar 1964. Kullum ya musanta cewa an kashe Carranza. Ya goyi bayan madadin ka'idar cewa Carranza bayan ya ji rauni a kafa, ya kashe kansa, kamar yadda shaidu da yawa suka bayyana, ciki har da Paulino Fontes, Manuel Aguirre, Pedro gil Farias da Ignacio Suarez. Wannan ka'idar ta ɗauka cewa janar Basave y Piña bai taɓa niyyar kashe Carranza ba amma don kama shi.

## Littattafai

* Johnson, William Weber, HEROIC MEXICO: Rikicin Farko na Al'umma ta zamani, 1968, shafi na 353-355
* Krauze, Enrique, BIOGRAFIA DEL PODER (1910-1940), shafi na 260-267

## Manazarta
Kim Jae-kyung

Kim Jae-kyung (Yaren mutanen Koriya: 김재경; an haifeshi Disamba 24, 1988) yar wasan Koriya ta Kudu ce kuma tsohuwar mawaƙa. Kafin ta koma yin cikakken lokaci, ta kasance memba kuma shugabar ƙungiyar 'yan matan Koriya ta Kudu Rainbow.[1]

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Kim a Gundumar Seodaemun, Seoul, Koriya ta Kudu a ranar 24 ga Disamba, 1988. Ta yi karatu a makarantar sakandare ta Deungchon da Jami'ar Mata ta Dongduk, inda ta yi karatu a fannin zane-zane. Ɗan'uwanta shi ne Jaehyun na N.Flying . [1]

## Rayuwar Sirri
A ranar 16 ga watan Disamba, 2024, 'yan wasan Namoo sun tabbatar da rahotanni cewa Kim ta auri saurayinta wanda ba sananne ba a lokacin rani da ya gabata.

## Bayanan da aka yi

### Bayyanar sauti

## Hotunan fina-finai

### Fim din

## Manazarta
Konstantinos Mavromichalis

**Konstantinos Mavromichalis** (Girka: Κωνσταντίνος Μαυρομιχάλης; Mani, 1797-Nafplio, 1831), ɗan'uwan Bey na Mani, Petros Mavromi chalis, kwamandan soja ne na Girka na sojojin Maniot a lokacin Yakin Independence na Girka, kuma mai kisan shugaban farko na Girka.

Tare da Demetrios Ypsilantis, ya umarci sojojin da suka ceci Nafplio daga Ibrahim Pasha na Masar, a lokacin mamayar Ottoman-Masar Mani. Ya shiga kuma ya yi fice a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe na Valtetsi, Lerna Mills, Vergas, Diro, Polyaravos, da sauransu. Ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Zartarwa na 1824 a Jamhuriyar Helenanci ta farko, daga 9 ga Nuwamba 1824 har zuwa 17 ga Afrilu 1826.

Lokacin da 'yan uwansa biyu, Ioannis da Petros, sojojin gwamnati a karkashin Kapodistrias suka kama su, Konstantinos da Georgios Mavromichalis, ɗan Petros, sun yanke shawarar ɗaukar fansa. A ranar 27 ga Satumba 1831, Maniots biyu suna jiran kofofin cocin Saint Spyridon a Nafplio .  Konstantinos ya harbe Kapodistrias a kai kuma Georgios ya soke shi a zuciya. Koyaya, Georgios Kozonis, mai tsaron jiki na Kapodistrias mai ido ɗaya da hannu ɗaya, ya harbe Konstantinos kuma ya ji rauni, yayin da a lokaci guda taron da suka yi fushi suka gaggauta zuwa gare shi. Ya sami harbi na karshe daga Janar Fotomaras, wanda ya harbe shi daga gidan da ke kusa, wanda ya sa ya faɗi daga raunukansa. Jama'ar da suka yi fushi sun taru a kusa da shi kuma sun fara buge shi a duk jikinsa. Bayan 'yan mintoci kaɗan sai ya yi numfashi na ƙarshe, kuma mutane suka ja jikinsa zuwa Platanos Square (yanzu Syntagma Square) kuma suka jefa shi daga manyan ganuwar sansanin zuwa cikin teku. Georgios ya nemi mafaka a ofishin jakadancin Faransa, wanda ya kare shi daga mutanen da suka tsananta masa, amma daga ƙarshe an tilasta masa ya mika shi ga hukumomi don shari'a. An yanke wa Georgios hukuncin laifin kuma an kashe shi a ranar 10 ga Oktoba.

## Manazarta