Ka'idodin Paris na Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam

An bayyana **ƙa'idodin Paris** a taron bita na farko na ƙasa da ƙasa kan cibiyoyi na ƙasa don haɓɓakawa da kare haƙƙin ɗan adam da aka gudanar a Paris a ranakun 7-9, ga watan Oktoba 1991.  Hukumar kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta amince da su ta ƙuduri mai lamba 1992/54, na shekarar 1992, da kuma Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a kuduri mai lamba 48/134, na shekarar 1993. 

Bayan yin musayar ra'ayi kan shirye-shiryen da ake da su, mahalarta taron sun zayyana cikakkun shawarwari kan rawar da suka taka, matsayi, matsayi da kuma ayyukan cibiyoyin kare hakkin dan Adam na ƙasa).  

Waɗannan an gina su ne bisa ƙa’idojin da taron karawa juna sani na Geneva na shekarar 1978 kan cibiyoyi na ƙasa da na gida don ci gaba da kare hakkin dan Adam ya yi amfani da su a baya, wanda ya samar da ‘Jagororin Tsari da Aiki na Cibiyoyin Kasa da Na gida don Ingantawa da Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam’.

Ƙa'idodin Paris na shekarar 1993 sun tsara matsayi da aiki na cibiyoyi na ƙasa don karewa da haɓaka haƙƙin ɗan adam wanda aka sani da Cibiyoyin Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam na ƙasa.

## Abubuwan Bukatun Ka'idodin Paris da NHRI.
Ƙa'idodin Paris sun lissafa ayyuka da ayyuka da yawa ga cibiyoyin haƙƙin ɗan adam na ƙasa:

* Cibiyar za ta sanya ido kan duk wani yanayi na take hakkin dan Adam wanda ta yanke shawarar aiwatarwa.
* Cibiyar za ta iya ba da shawara ga gwamnati, majalisar dokoki da duk wata hukuma da ta dace kan takamaiman take hakki, game da batutuwan da suka shafi doka da bin ka'ida da aiwatar da ka'idojin kare hakkin bil'adama na duniya.
* Cibiyar za ta yi hulɗa tare da ƙungiyoyin yanki da na duniya ba tare da izini ba.
* Cibiyar za ta kasance tana da ikon ilmantarwa da kuma sanar da su a fagen haƙƙin ɗan adam.
* Ana ba wa wasu cibiyoyi cancantar shari'a. 

Yarda da ƙa'idodin Paris shine babban abin da ake buƙata na tsarin ba da izini wanda ke daidaita damar NHRI zuwa Majalisar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da sauran hukumomi. Wannan tsarin bita ne na tsararraki wanda wani karamin kwamiti ne na Global Alliance of the National Human Rights Institutions (GANHRI) da ake kira Karamin Kwamitin Amincewa. Karamin Kwamitin yana duba NHRI a cikin ma'auni daban-daban, tare da 'yancin kai daga jihar shine mafi mahimmancin yanayin sake dubawa. Ana iya nuna 'yancin kai ta hanyar bin ƙa'idodin Paris, kamar yadda Ƙarshen Kwamitin ya fassara a cikin Babban Abubuwan Sa'a. 

Bita na Ƙarshen Kwamiti don bin ƙa'idodin Paris yana nazarin doka ta ba da damar NHRI, zaɓi da tsarin naɗi don jagoranci, cin gashin kansa na kuɗi da gudanarwa, da haƙƙinsu na haƙƙin ɗan adam, baya ga ayyukansu na masu haɓaka haƙƙin ɗan adam da masu kare haƙƙin ɗan adam. 

## Duba kuma

* Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta Duniya.
* Haƙƙin ɗan adam
* Cibiyoyin kare hakkin dan Adam na kasa.
* Jerin labaran haƙƙin ɗan adam ta ƙasa.
* Ka'idojin kare hakkin bil'adama na duniya.
* Kotun Turai ta Haƙƙin Dan Adam.
* Hukumar kare hakkin dan adam.
* Cibiyar kare hakkin bil'adama ta kasa #Paris Principles.

## Manazarta.

## Kara karantawa.

* OHCHR, ' Littafin Jagora akan Kafa da Ƙarfafa Cibiyoyin Haƙƙin Dan Adam na Ƙasa don haɓakawa da Kare Haƙƙin Dan Adam ' (New York/ Geneva 1995).
* Hukumar EU don Haƙƙin Mahimmanci, Ƙarfafa kuma ingantattun cibiyoyin haƙƙin ɗan adam na ƙasa - ƙalubale, ayyuka masu ban sha'awa da dama (2020)
* UN OHCHR (2010) *[http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/PTS-4Rev1-NHRI_en.pdf Cibiyoyin Haƙƙin Dan Adam na Ƙasa: Tarihi, Ƙa'idodi, Matsayi da Matsayin Ƙwararrun]* Horarwar Ƙwararru 4
* Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Amirka, 'Rahoton Majalisar Dindindin akan Ƙarfafa Matsayin Cibiyoyin Ƙasa don Ƙarfafawa da Kare Haƙƙin Dan Adam a Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Amirka' (29 Afrilu 2009) OEA/ Ser. G CP/CG-1770/09 rev 2.
* Anna-Elina Pohjolainen. (2006). *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090326214102/http://www.nhri.net/pdf/Evolution_of_NHRIs.pdf Juyin Halitta na Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta Ƙasa]* Cibiyar Danish don Haƙƙin Dan Adam.
* Majalisar kasa da kasa kan manufofin kare hakkin dan Adam. (2005) *Assessing the Effectiveness of National Human Rights Institutions*  *<sup>]</sup>* Ofishin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Manufofin Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam/Ofis na Babban Kwamishinan 'Yancin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya
* Morten Kjærum (2003) *[https://web.archive.org/web/20071008174707/http://www.nhri.net/pdf/NHRI-Implementing%20human%20rights.pdf Cibiyoyin Kare Haƙƙin Dan Adam na Ƙasa - Aiwatar da Cibiyar Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta]* Danish Institute for Human Rights
* Birgit Lindsnaes, Lone Lindholt, Kristine Yigen (eds.). (2001) *[https://web.archive.org/web/20040428040930/http://www.nhri.net/pdf/nhribook.pdf Cibiyoyin Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam na ƙasa, Labarai da takaddun aiki, Gabatar da tattaunawa game da kafawa da haɓaka ayyukan cibiyoyi na kare haƙƙin ɗan adam na ƙasa]* Cibiyar Danish ta Danish.

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje.

* National Human Rights Institutions Forum (NHRIs Global network) at the Library of Congress Web Archives (archived 2002-09-15)