open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
David J. Anderson

**David Jeffrey Anderson** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1956) ƙwararren masanin ilimin jijiyoyi ne na Amurka. Shi mai bincike ne a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Howard Hughes . Dakin gwaje-gwajensa yana nan a Cibiyar Fasaha ta California, inda a halin yanzu yake riƙe da matsayin Farfesa Seymour Benzer na Ilimin Halittu, TianQiao da Chrissy Chen Shugabanci kuma Darakta, TianQiao da Cibiyar Nazarin Jijiyoyin Jiki ta Chrissy Chen.  Anderson mai ba da shawara ne na farko na Cibiyar Nazarin Kwakwalwa ta Allen,  wata cibiyar bincike mai zaman kanta wacce marigayi Paul G. Allen ya ba da kuɗi, kuma ya jagoranci ƙoƙarin farko na Cibiyar don samar da cikakken taswirar bayyanar kwayoyin halitta a cikin kwakwalwar linzamin kwamfuta. 

Shi ne marubucin littafin *The Neuroscience of Emotion: A New Synthesis* with Caltech neuroscientist Ralph Adolfs. 

## Ilimi
Anderson ya sami digirin farko a fannin fasaha, *wato summa cum laude*, a fannin kimiyyar sinadarai daga Jami'ar Harvard a shekarar 1978 tare da zama memba a Phi Beta Kappa . Daga nan ya sami digirin digirgir a shekarar 1983 a fannin ilmin kwayoyin halitta daga Jami'ar Rockefeller, inda ya yi karatu a karkashin Günter Blobel, wanda ya lashe kyautar Nobel. Ya kasance ƙwararren masanin kimiyyar digiri na uku a Jami'ar Columbia a shekarar 1986 kuma ya yi bincike a ƙarƙashin wanda ya lashe kyautar Nobel Richard Axel . 

## Bincike
Aikin Anderson (tsakiyar shekarun 1980 zuwa farkon shekarun 2000) ya mayar da hankali kan ci gaba da aikin tsarin jijiyoyi, musamman tsarin tantance ƙaddarar ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi . Babban abin da dakin gwaje-gwajensa ke mayar da hankali a kai a yanzu shi ne ya rarraba kwayoyin halitta da hanyoyin jijiyoyi da ke ƙarƙashin halaye na asali da yanayin motsin rai da ke da alaƙa, kamar tsoro da tashin hankali. 

A Caltech, Anderson ya kula da ayyuka kamar nazarin tashin hankali a cikin ƙudaje masu 'ya'yan itace. Ya kuma yi nazarin hanyoyin tsoro  da taɓawa,  da kuma ayyukan jijiyoyi a cikin kwakwalwar beraye yayin halayen zamantakewa kamar haɗuwa da tashin hankali.

## Lambobin yabo da girmamawa
Anderson ya sami kyautar Shugaban Ƙasa ta Matasa Masu Bincike na NSF a shekarar 1986, kyautar Alden Spencer ta 1999 daga Jami'ar Columbia, da kuma kyautar Paul G. Allen Mai Ba da Shawara kan Bincike a shekarar 2010.  A shekarar 2017, ya lashe kyautar Perl-UNC Neuroscience ta 17, kuma a shekarar 2018, ya lashe kyautar Edward M. Scolnick a fannin Neuroscience .  

An zaɓe shi a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka a shekara ta 2002.   A shekara ta 2007, an zaɓe shi memba na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Ƙasa . 

## Zaɓi wallafe-wallafe

*  
*  

## Manazarta
Islam Alijaj

**Islam Alijaj** (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Yuni 1986) ɗan fafutukar nakasassu ne kuma ɗan siyasa ɗan ƙasar Switzerland, yana aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Ƙasa (Switzerland) ga Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party tun lokacin da aka zaɓe shi a zaɓen tarayya na Switzerland na 2023 da aka gudanar a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2023.  Ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Disamba 2023.  Ya taɓa yin aiki a majalisar birnin Zurich tun 2022.   

## Rayuwa
An haifi Alijaj a shekarar 1986 a Herec kusa da Gjakova, FPR Yugoslavia (yanzu Kosovo ). Yana da ƙane biyu da kuma babban ɗan'uwansa ɗaya. Iyayensa 'yan asalin Albaniya sun yi ƙaura zuwa Switzerland a matsayin ma'aikatan yanayi a shekarar 1987 lokacin yana ɗan shekara ɗaya. A shekarar 2009, sun kafa wani kamfanin tsaftacewa wanda a halin yanzu ake kira *Wischmobb Zürich GmbH* (bi da bi *Wischmobb Novo Holding AG* ) kuma yana ɗaukar ma'aikata sama da 130. Ɗan'uwansa, Fatmir Alijaj, shine shugaban waɗannan kamfanonin.  

Yana da cutar kwakwalwa bayan rashin isashshen iskar oxygen a lokacin haihuwa, don haka yana fama da matsalolin magana . Ya halarci makaranta don buƙatu na musamman sannan ya sami horon kasuwanci. Kamfanin da ya horar da shi da kuma inshorar nakasassu sun ƙarfafa shi kada ya ci gaba da karatunsa ta hanyar wuce lokacin da ya girma a fannin sana'a, suna masu imanin cewa ba zai sami damar shiga kasuwar aiki ta yau da kullun ba. Daga nan ya yi horo a matsayin mai haɓaka yanar gizo na yanar gizo .

Yana da aure kuma yana da 'ya'ya biyu. 

## Manazarta
Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd

Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd (Welsh for 'Edward Llwyd Society') is a Welsh natural history organisation whose name commemorates the great Welsh natural historian, geographer and linguist Edward Llwyd (1660–1709).

Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd tana shirya yawo a cikin ƙasa akai-akai a duk faɗin Wales a wuraren da ke da sha'awar muhallin Welsh, gami da SSSIs da shimfidar wurare bayan masana'antu. Waɗannan ƙungiyoyi ne na yawo a yaren Welsh, kodayake ana maraba da masu koyo. 

Suna kuma shirya ayyuka daban-daban na yanayi da muhalli, ciki har da laccoci, wallafe-wallafe da ayyukan kiyayewa. Sun yi aiki kan tattarawa da kuma rubuta sunayen nau'ikan halittu na halitta. 

A shekara ta 2010, ƙungiyar ta gudanar da wani taro kan sunan Welsh, inda aka amince da kafa ƙungiyar Welsh Place-Name Society .  

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Anglican ta Yammacin Moreton

**Kwalejin Anglican ta West Moreton** (WMAC) wata makarantar firamare da sakandare ce mai zaman kanta ta Anglican wacce ke cikin unguwar Ipswich da ke Karrabin, Queensland, Ostiraliya.   Hukumar Kula da Makarantun Anglican ce ke gudanar da ita, tare da yin rajistar ɗalibai 1,466 da ma'aikatan koyarwa 106, tun daga shekarar 2023. Makarantar tana hidimar ɗalibai daga shirin zuwa aji na 12,    kuma tana da alaƙa da Cocin Anglican ta Ostiraliya, musamman Diocese na Anglican na Brisbane.

## Tarihi
An buɗe makarantar a ranar 1 ga Janairu 1994, [1] an gina ta a kan harsashin makarantar St Paul's Day, an buɗe ta a shekarar 1855, kafin daga baya cocin St Paul's Church ya faɗaɗa ta don samar da kayan aiki na ilimi tare. An kafa makarantar ne ta hanyar Rev. Canon Gavin Ott da Dr. Hugh Bartholomeusz, kuma da farko makarantar tana da hekta talatin da takwas na ƙasa, gami da madatsar ruwa da gonaki masu albarka. Daga baya, makarantar ta faɗaɗa zuwa hekta 44 bayan ta sami ƙasa.

A ranar 6 ga Fabrairu 1994, Gwamna Janar na wancan lokacin, Bill Hayden, ya buɗe makarantar a hukumance. 

## Gidaje
An raba ɗaliban gida biyar, kowannensu ya sanya wa suna bayan wani mawaƙi ɗan ƙasar Ostiraliya. Waɗannan su ne Gilmore, Lawson, Mackellar, Paterson da Wright.

## Fitattun tsofaffin ɗalibai

* Hazza,  mawaƙiya kuma mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen talabijin
* Kate Lutkins, 'Yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Australiya
* Demsey McKean, ƙwararren ɗan dambe

## Duba kuma

* Jerin Makarantu a Babban Brisbane

## Manazarta
Friends of the Earth (Amurka)

**Friends of the Earth US** ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta ta muhalli mai hedikwata a Washington, DC, wacce masanin muhalli David Brower ya kafa a shekarar 1969. Abokan Duniya Amurka suna fafutukar kare dazuzzuka, gurɓataccen yanayi , fasahar nukiliya, injiniyancin kwayoyin halitta, sare dazuzzuka, magungunan kashe kwari, abinci da noma da manufofin tattalin arziki .  Memba ce da ta kafa ƙungiyar Friends of the Earth International . 

## Bayani
An kafa Friends of the Earth US a California a shekarar 1969 ta hannun masanin muhalli David Brower bayan ya bar Sierra Club .  An ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar ne tare da taimakon Donald Aitken, Jerry Mander da kuma gudummawar dala 200,000 daga asusun Robert O. Anderson .  Ɗaya daga cikin manyan kamfen ɗinta na farko shine zanga-zangar makamashin nukiliya, musamman a California. 

Ƙungiyar ta haɗu da Cibiyar Manufofin Muhalli da kuma Ƙungiyar Oceanic a shekarar 1989. 

An kafa Friends of the Earth International a shekarar 1971 kuma a yau cibiyar sadarwa ce ta ƙungiyoyin muhalli a ƙasashe 75.  A farkon shekarunta, Friends of the Earth US tana da hedikwata a San Francisco, amma ƙungiya ce da ba ta da cikakken iko, tana ba da iko da 'yanci ga rassanta na gida. 

### Abokan Duniya, Inc. v Laidlaw Environmental Services, Inc.
A shekarar 1999, Abokan Duniya sun wakilci mazauna kusa da Kogin North Tyger da ke South Carolina a wata kara da suka shigar a kan Laidlaw Environmental Services, Inc. Shari'ar ta yi magana ne kan gurɓatar masana'antu na kogin. Duk da cewa Laidlaw ta yi iƙirarin cewa shari'ar ba ta da tushe, tunda an rufe masana'antar da ke da alhakin gurɓatar kogin, Kotun Koli ta yanke hukuncin cewa mai ƙara yana da ikon shigar da ƙara saboda mazauna sun yi zargin cewa za su yi amfani da kogin don nishaɗi, amma ba za su iya ba saboda gurɓatar. Ruth Bader Ginsburg, wacce ta rubuta a matsayin mafi rinjaye, ta rubuta cewa "ƙa'idodin kyau da nishaɗi na yankin" sun ragu saboda keta izinin ruwan tsafta da wanda ake ƙara ya yi akai-akai. 

## Ayyuka da kamfen
Abokan Duniya na Amurka suna gudanar da kamfen wanda galibi ya kasu kashi huɗu cikin manyan rukunoni, suna tallafawa manyan ƙa'idodin ƙungiyar: haɓaka dorewa, yaƙi don adalci a zamantakewa da tattalin arziki a duk duniya, da kuma ƙarfafa canjin tsari don samun sakamako mai ɗorewa.  Yawancin ƙoƙarinsu sun fi mayar da hankali kan manufofin yin amfani da ƙarfi.

### Teku da dazuzzuka
An soki masana'antar jiragen ruwa saboda tasirin muhalli da jiragensu ke yi kamar hayakin carbon, gurɓataccen iska, zubar da najasa da ruwan shara, da kuma zubewar mai.  Wannan kamfen ya yi aiki don matsa lamba ga Hukumar Kula da Jiragen Ruwa ta Duniya don ƙara tsaurara da aiwatar da ƙa'idodin fitar da hayakin jiragen ruwa na duniya, gami da Dokar Polar . 

### Manufar tattalin arziki
Yaƙin neman zaɓen ya kuma yi la'akari da wasu yarjejeniyoyin Ƙungiyar Ciniki ta Duniya waɗanda aka ce suna karya ƙa'idojin muhalli don ƙarfafa riba. 

## Manazarta
Amincewa da namun daji na Cornwall

**Kamfanin Cornwall Wildlife Trust** (wanda aka kafa a matsayin **Cornwall Naturalists' Club** ) wata kungiya ce ta agaji da aka kafa a shekarar 1962 wadda ke kula da Cornwall, Ingila, da kuma Burtaniya kawai. Tana kula da kiyaye namun daji, ilimin ƙasa da muhalli na Cornwall, tana kula da wuraren ajiyar yanayi sama da 50, waɗanda suka kai kimanin   , daga cikinsu akwai tsibirin Looe . Amintacciyar hukumar tana gudanar da shirye-shiryen kiyaye ƙasa da ruwa.

## Tarihi
Kamfanin Cornwall Wildlife Trust wata kungiya ce ta agaji da aka kafa a shekarar 1962 wadda ke da alhakin kiyayewa da kiyaye namun daji, ilimin ƙasa da muhalli na Cornwall, duka a ƙasa da kuma a cikin muhallin ruwa.  Frank Turk, Stella Turk da Jean Paton duk sun shiga cikin kafa ƙungiyar.  Kamfanin The Trust wani ɓangare ne na haɗin gwiwar The Wildlife Trusts na amintattun namun daji 46 a Burtaniya . Yana aiki tare da Isles of Scilly Wildlife Trust kan wasu batutuwa. Kamfanin yana da hedikwata a Allet kusa da Truro a Cornwall . Hedikwatar da ofisoshin suna kusa da wurin ajiyar namun daji na **Acres Five** . Wannan wurin ajiyar ya haɗa da tafkuna biyu, da kuma gandun daji masu ganye da kuma conifer.   Babban jami'in gudanarwa na Trust shine Matt Walpole.  Ƙungiyar amintattun masu sa kai da aka zaɓa ne ke gudanar da Trust ɗin,   Oliver Blount ne ke jagorantar taron. 

## Ayyuka
Hukumar tana kula da kiyayewa da kiyaye namun daji, ilimin ƙasa da muhalli na Cornwall, tana kula da wuraren adana namun daji sama da 50 da suka mamaye kusan   , daga cikinsu akwai Looe Island . Cornwall Wildlife Trust tana samar da mujallar *Wild Cornwall* sau uku a shekara. 

Alkibla da aikin da Amintacciyar ke yi a halin yanzu yana ƙarƙashin tsarin ayyukan bambancin halittu na Cornwall. Rayuwar Tekuna da Lambunan Rayuwa ayyuka ne guda biyu. Amintacciyar tana gudanar da ERCCIS (Cibiyar Bayanan Muhalli ta Cornwall da Tsibirin Scilly), wani rumbun adana bayanai na gani da ido na dabbobi da shuke-shuke, da kuma bayanan ilimin ƙasa. Hakanan tana ba da shawarwari kan tsare-tsare (CEC - Cornwall Environmental Consultants) ga masu haɓaka filaye. 

A shekarar 2024, Asusun ya sami tallafin kuɗi na ƙasa na £265,000, tare da yiwuwar tallafin kuɗi na £3m, wanda ya ba wa Asusun damar ƙaddamar da wani kamfen mai cike da rudani, wanda aka sanya wa suna aikin Tor to Shore.  

## Manazarta
Dillon Anderson

**Dillon Anderson** (14 ga Yuli, 1906 - 28 ga Janairu, 1974) jami'i ne a gwamnatin tarayya ta Amurka a lokacin gwamnatin Eisenhower (1953–61). Ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan harkokin tsaro na ƙasa na biyu daga 2 ga Afrilu, 1955, zuwa 1 ga Satumba, 1956. Ya kuma kasance memba na Kwamitin Draper . 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Anderson a ranar 14 ga Yuli, 1906, a McKinney, Texas, ɗan Joseph A. da Bessie Dillon. Bayan ya halarci Jami'ar Kirista ta Texas, Anderson ya sami digirinsa na farko daga Jami'ar Oklahoma (1927) da kuma digirinsa na LL.B. daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Yale (1929). Ya yi aiki a Rundunar Sojan Amurka a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu (1942-1945), kuma ya sami Ribbon na Yabo na Sojoji da kuma Legion of Merit . Ya yi aiki a kan kayan len-lease da tsare-tsaren gwamnatin soja, inda ya kai matsayin Kanar.  

A shekarar 1940, Anderson ya zama abokin tarayya a Houston, Texas, kamfanin lauyoyi na Baker Botts, kafin ya zama Mai Ba da Shawara kan Tsaron Ƙasa, Anderson jami'i ne a Majalisar Tsaron Ƙasa daga 1953 zuwa 1955.  An zaɓe shi a matsayin Fellow na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka a 1959. 

Mista Anderson ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa na mataimaki na musamman a watan Agusta na 1956, domin komawa ga aikinsa na lauya. A shekarar 1958, an zabe shi shugaban Bankin Kasa na Texas. Ya kasance darakta a Westinghouse Electric Corporation da kuma Monsanto Chemical Corporation, kuma amintaccen Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, na Brookings Institution da kuma Schlumberger Foundation.

Ya mutu a ranar 28 ga Janairu, 1974, a Houston, Texas . 

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Bayanan Ofishin Fadar White House na Mataimaki na Musamman kan Harkokin Tsaron Ƙasa, Laburaren Shugaban Ƙasa na Dwight D. Eisenhower

## Manazarta
Makarantar Zuciya Mai Tsarki, Launceston

**Makarantar Sacred Heart makarantar** firamare ce ta Katolika a Launceston, Tasmania, Ostiraliya.

## Tarihi

An kafa Kwalejin Sacred Heart, Launceston, a shekarar 1872 ta hanyar Presentation Sisters. An koyar da ita tare ga aji biyu, sannan 'yan mata har zuwa aji 12 kawai. Tsawon wasu shekaru 'yan'uwan mata sun karɓi ƙaramin adadin waɗanda ke zaune a gida. Tsawon wasu shekaru 'yan'uwan mata suna koyar da 'yan mata da maza, har da karatun sakandare. Sannan na ɗan lokaci wani mutum ya gudanar da sashen samari ta amfani da ƙarshen kudancin gine-ginen. &#x5B; ** &#x5D; Sai a shekarar 1919 ne ' Yan'uwa Kiristoci suka zo Launceston don ilmantar da yaran. Tsawon shekaru da yawa 'Yan'uwa mata sun sami damar gudanar da makarantu biyu a wurin: Kwalejin Sacred Heart, cibiyar da ke biyan kuɗi da kuma makarantar parish, Makarantar St Mary. A shekarar 1978, Kwalejin Sacred Heart ta haɗu da Makarantar St Thomas More don kafa Kwalejin Marian, wadda ke kula da 'Yan Matan Makarantar Sakandare ta Katolika da Firamare. 

Kwalejin Marian tana Launceston. Tana kula da 'yan matan makarantar sakandare ta Katolika da na firamare. An kafa ta ne daga hadewar Kwalejin Sacred Heart, Launceston da Kwalejin St Thomas More. Wuraren da Sacred Heart da St Thomas More suka gina sune harabar Kwalejin Marian guda biyu. A shekarar 1984, an mayar da azuzuwan sakandare na Kwalejin Marian zuwa Kwalejin St. Patrick. Daga nan sai St Thomas More da Sacred Heart suka zama makarantun firamare na Co-ed a shekarar 1984, suka zama Makarantar St Thomas More da Makarantar Sacred Heart, Launceston.

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Launceston, Tasmania

**Launceston College** is a government comprehensive senior secondary school located in Launceston, Tasmania, Australia. Established in 1913 as the Launceston State High School and subsequently known as Launceston College, the college caters for approximately 1,200 students in Years 11 and 12, and an optional Year 13. The college is administered by the Tasmanian Department for Education, Children and Young People.

A shekarar 2019, ɗalibai 1,430 ne suka yi rijista. Shugaban kwalejin ita ce Vicki Mackrill. Kwalejin tana da Shirin Ɗaliban Ƙasashen Duniya.

## Kayan aiki
Kwalejin tana cikin wani wuri ne da tsohon Kamfanin Launceston Female Factory da Gaol yake, wanda aka gina a shekarar 1834,  kuma an jera shi a cikin Rijistar Gado ta Tasmanian.

Asalin sunan kwalejin an san ta da Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Launceston, kuma an san ta da Kwalejin Matriculation ta Launceston a shekarar 1967, daga baya kuma aka sanya ta a Kwalejin Al'umma ta Launceston don nuna faffadan manhajarta ta ilimi da tasirin sana'a, sannan aka sanya ta a Kwalejin Launceston.

Harabar makarantar ta mamaye manyan birane biyu  kuma ta ƙunshi wani rukunin motsa jiki, ciki har da wurin waha mai sauna da wurin shakatawa, filayen wasan ƙwallon kwando guda biyu, bangon hawa dutse, wurin motsa jiki mai nauyi da filin wasan squash. Tana da gidan cin abinci na horo mai kayan kasuwanci, tashar rediyon FM, wurin bita na motoci da ɗakin talabijin. Ana iya samun Kwalejin Launceston a kan rediyo (LCFM) akan mitar FM ta 87.8  kuma ana watsa ta a yanar gizo .

## Ayyukan haɗin gwiwa
Kwalejin tana kuma ba wa ɗalibai dama ta kowace shekara don shiga cikin shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo na mataki-mataki. Tun daga shekarar 2008, kwalejin ta gabatar da Rent (Schools Edition), Grease, Flashdance, Matilda, In the Heights, Rock of Ages, Bring It On, Aida, sake yin Footloose, Hairspray, da Seussical . Shirye-shiryen da suka gabata sun haɗa da Chess, Mechanics of Love, Copacabana, Cinderocka, Jesus Christ Superstar, Footloose, Grease, Hair, High School Musical, All Shook Up, Disco Inferno, da Back To The 80s.

Makarantar kuma tana ba da damar yin tafiye-tafiye zuwa ƙasashen waje.

## Manazarta
Makarantar Sakandare ta Riverside (Launceston)

**Makarantar** Sakandare ta Riverside makaranta ce ta gwamnati mai cikakken ilimi da ke a Riverside, wani yanki na Launceston, Tasmania, Ostiraliya. An kafa makarantar a shekarar 1962, tana kula da kimanin ɗalibai 820 daga shekara ta 7 zuwa 12. Ma'aikatar Ilimi, Yara da Matasa ta Tasmania ce ke kula da makarantar. 

A shekarar 2022, ɗalibai 767 ne suka yi rijista. Shugabar makarantar ita ce Jeanna Bolton.

Taken makarantar shine Latin, an fassara shi da "Duk abin da yake gaskiya nawa ne".

## Tarihi
Gidan Scott-Kilvert da ke Cradle Mountain Lake St Clair National Park, Tasmania wani bukka ne na tunawa da aka keɓe don rayuwar Ewen Scott da David Kilvert, malami kuma ɗalibi daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Riverside, waɗanda suka mutu sakamakon guguwar ƙanƙara yayin da suke tafiya a daji a 1965.[1]

A watan Mayun 2008, an ba wa malamin kimiyya na Riverside William Briginshaw lambar yabo ta Winifred Curtis ta Tasmania saboda gudunmawar da ya bayar ga ilimin kimiyya. 

A shekarar 2019, Riverside High ta sami gagarumin gyaran gini na dala miliyan 12  wanda aka bude a hukumance a watan Nuwamba na 2020 ta hannun Jeremy Rockliff, Ministan Ilimi da Horarwa, da Tim Bullard, Sakataren Ilimi.

## Fitattun tsofaffin ɗalibai

* Rene Hidding, tsohon Minista a Majalisar Dokokin Tasmania 
* Anthony Limbrick, manajan ƙwallon ƙafa 
* Rachael Taylor, jarumar fim 
* Jo Palmer, mai karanta labarai kuma memba a Majalisar Dokokin Tasmania.

## Duba kuma

* Ilimi a Tasmania
* Jerin makarantu a Tasmania

## Manazarta
Makarantar Sakandare ta Kings Meadows

**Makarantar** Sakandare ta Kings Meadows makaranta ce ta gwamnati mai cikakken ilimi da ke a Kings Meadows, wani yanki na kudancin Launceston, Tasmania, Ostiraliya. An kafa makarantar a shekarar 1960, tana ɗaukar kimanin ɗalibai 550 daga shekara ta 7 zuwa 12. Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Tasmania ce ke kula da makarantar.

A shekarar 2019, ɗalibai 540 ne suka yi rijista. Shugaban makarantar shine Cary Stocks.

Makarantar tana kula da yankunan Kings Meadows, Youngtown, da kuma Northern Midlands.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin makarantu a Tasmania
* Ilimi a Tasmania
Kwalejin Kirista ta Groves

**Kwalejin Kirista ta Groves** wata makaranta ce ta Kirista  kanta wacce ke da hedikwata a unguwar Kingston a yankin karamar hukumar Logan City, kudu da babban birnin Brisbane a Queensland, Ostiraliya. Kwalejin ta ƙunshi harabar makarantu guda biyu, tare da babban harabar makarantar da ke kan titin Laughlin (70 Laughlin St,) wanda ke ɗaukar ɗalibai a matakin Gidauniyar (Kindy-Shekara ta 2), matakin Tsakiya (Shekara ta 7-9) da matakin Babban (Shekara ta 10-12). Harabar jami'a ta biyu tana kan Velorum Drive (12 Velorum Drive) wanda ke ɗaukar ɗalibai a matakin Tsakiya (Shekara ta 3-6). Bugu da ƙari, kwalejin tana da Cibiyar Koyar da Farko a 44 Laughlin Street. 

## Tarihi
An fara buɗe Kwalejin Kirista ta Groves a shekarar 1999 a matsayin makarantar membobin da suka kafa Christian Community Ministries Limited, wata ma'aikata da yanzu ke gudanar da makarantu Kirista da yawa a Queensland, New South Wales da Kudancin Ostiraliya . Groves yana aiki tare da iyalai don samar da ilimin Kirista bisa ɗabi'u, wanda ya wadatar ga duk wanda ke son sa ta hanyar ƙarfafa ci gaban ruhaniya, hankali, jiki, zamantakewa, ɗabi'a, kyau da motsin rai na ɗaliban Kwalejin. An sanya wa Groves suna don girmama mai wa'azin Furotesta na Ingilishi, Anthony Norris Groves (1 ga Fabrairu 1795 - 20 ga Mayu 1853). Ana tunawa da shi saboda yadda ya yi aiki da aminci ga aikin mishan da kuma ƙarfafa mutanen yankin inda ya ƙaddamar da aikin mishan na farko na Furotesta ga Musulmai masu jin Larabci a Baghdad, Iraki da kuma daga baya a kudancin Indiya.

## Gidajen wasanni
Kwalejin Kirista ta Groves ta ƙunshi gidajen wasanni guda huɗu, waɗanda duk an sanya musu suna dangane da masu wa'azin Kirista:

* Aylward, an sanya mata suna ne saboda Gladys Aylward (1902-1970), wata mai wa'azin bishara 'yar asalin Ingila wadda ta jagoranci marayu sama da 100 zuwa mafaka a lokacin Yaƙin China da Japan na Biyu a 1938, waɗanda da yawa daga cikinsu sun musulunta zuwa Kiristanci ta hanyar wa'azinta.
* Carmichael, an sanya masa suna ne saboda Amy Carmichael (1867–1951), wata mai wa'azin Kirista 'yar asalin Ireland da aka haifa a Protestant wadda ta yi aiki a Indiya tsawon shekaru 55 kuma ta kafa ƙungiyar Dohnavur.
* Elliot, an sanya masa suna ne saboda Philip James Elliot (1927–1956), wani mai wa'azin Kirista ɗan asalin Amurka wanda yake ɗaya daga cikin mishan biyar da aka kashe a lokacin da suke cikin Operation Auca, wani yunƙuri na kawo Kiristanci ga mutanen Huaorani na dazuzzukan Amazon a Ecuador.
* Livingstone, wanda aka sanya masa suna David Livingstone (1813–1873), wani majagaba na Kirista ɗan asalin Scotland tare da ƙungiyar mishan ta London, mai bincike a Afirka kuma ɗaya daga cikin jaruman Birtaniya mafi shahara a zamanin Victoria .

## Manazarta
Kwalejin John Paul (Brisbane)

**Kwalejin John Paul makaranta** ce mai zaman kanta, wacce ba ta da alaƙa da addinin Kirista, firamare, da sakandare , kuma makarantar kwana ce, wacce ke cikin unguwar Logan City da ke Daisy Hill, Queensland, Ostiraliya.

An kafa makarantar a shekarar 1982, kuma ta ɗauki ɗalibai 1,711 a shekarar 2018, tun daga farkon koyo da kuma shekarar K zuwa shekara ta 12, waɗanda kashi biyu cikin ɗari daga cikinsu aka gano su 'yan asalin ƙasar Australiya ne, kuma kashi 24 cikin ɗari sun fito ne daga asalin yare banda Ingilishi . Kwalejin John Paul International tana ba da Nazarin Harshen Turanci ga ɗaliban ƙasashen waje da ke sha'awar yin karatu a Ostiraliya. 

Shugaban makarantar shine Craig Merritt. Makarantar tana kan harabar makarantar mai fadin , kuma memba ne na Makarantar Associated. 

## Bayani
Shugaban gidauniyar shine Cec Munns, wanda shi ma memba ne na kwamitin gudanarwa wanda ya bukaci Ofishin Ilimi na Katolika na Brisbane da ya kafa makarantar sakandare ta Katolika a yankin. An ƙi wannan buƙatar, don haka kwamitin ya yi aiki tare da cocin Katolika, Anglican, da Uniting na gida don kafa makarantar, wadda aka buɗe a ranar Australia ta 1982 tare da ɗalibai 144 a aji 8 da 9. [ ana buƙatar ambato ]

An yi wa Kwalejin John Paul hukunci sau biyu a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun makarantu goma a Ostiraliya a cikin wani shiri na ƙasa da ƙasa wanda jaridar *The Australian* ta gudanar a 2002 da 2003. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

John Paul yana ba da darussan kayan kida na rukuni ko na sirri, na murya, rawa, da wasan kwaikwayo a kowane mako. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

## Tarihi
An kafa kwalejin ne ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar malaman addini guda huɗu daga ƙungiyoyi daban-daban guda uku: Roman Catholic, Anglican, da kuma Uniting. Dukansu huɗun sun yi imani sosai da ecumenism, wanda ke ci gaba da jagorantar ƙa'idodin Kwalejin har zuwa yau.

Fada Rollo Enright, firist na cocin Katolika a St Peter's, Rochedale, yana da matuƙar himma ga ecumenism kuma shine abin da ya sa aka fara neman ra'ayin ecumenical na kwalejin lokacin da ya bayyana a fili cewa Ofishin Ilimi na Katolika ya ƙi amincewa da shawarar gina Kwalejin Katolika a Daisy Hill. Fada Leo Burke shine firist na cocin Katolika na St Edward's, Daisy Hill kuma har yanzu yana da hannu a kwalejin a matsayin mai kula da ita. Wani mai ra'ayin ecumenist, Patrick Doulin, shine firist na cocin St Mark's Anglican al'umma, Slacks Creek, kuma wakilin hukuma na Anglican . Reverend Bryan Gilmour, fasto na Logan Uniting Church, fitaccen shugaban ƙungiyar ecumenical ne a cikin Cocinsa kuma, tare da sauran, sun goyi bayan kafa Kwalejin John Paul a matsayin makarantar ecumenical. Hakika, shi ne wanda lokacin da ya bayyana cewa duk hanyoyin da za a bi don kafa kwalejin sun gaji, ya ba da shawarar cewa waɗanda suka kafa ta yi addu'a cewa, " *ba nufinmu ba, sai na Allah, a yi* ".

## Manazarta
Makarantar Jihar Beenleigh

**Makarantar Jihar Beenleigh** makarantar firamare ce ta gwamnati wacce ke cikin unguwar Logan City da ke Beenleigh, Queensland, Ostiraliya.  Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Queensland ce ke gudanar da ita, tare da ɗalibai 448 da ma'aikatan koyarwa 35, tun daga shekarar 2023. Makarantar tana kula da ɗalibai daga shirin zuwa aji na 6. 

## Tarihi
An buɗe makarantar a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, 1871,   da ɗalibai 97,  kuma kafin 1925 an san ta da Makarantar Rural ta Jihar Beenleigh. An bayyana cewa ɗaliban da suka yi rajista sun kai 161 a watan Fabrairu, 1879, inda matsakaicin waɗanda suka halarci makarantar ya kai 103. 

Shugaban gidauniyar shine Mr. Massey, sai kuma Thomas Bradbury, wanda shine shugaban makarantar daga 1876 zuwa 1897;  ya mutu sakamakon nutsewa, kamar yadda aka ruwaito mutuwarsa a watan Janairun 1898. Magajin Mr. Bradbury shine Mr. DS Warren daga 1898 har zuwa lokacin da aka mayar da shi Brisbane a 1908.

Ministan Ayyukan Jama'a ya amince da gina sabon gidan malami da sake rufin ginin makarantar a watan Yulin 1908;  an kiyasta cewa zai kashe £586 a lokacin.

An yi bikin cika shekaru 50 na makarantun a ranar Juma'a, 11 ga Nuwamba, 1921, a filin wasan kwaikwayo. Duk makarantun da ke cikin gundumar sun shiga bikin, inda "wasanni da abubuwan sha'awa" suka kasance babban taron. Kimanin ɗalibai 20 daga gidauniyar makarantar suka halarta.

Daga 1954 zuwa 1962, makarantar tana da sashen sakandare, kuma daga 4 ga Fabrairu 1974 zuwa 1980, makarantar tana da Ajin Dama don samar da ilimi na musamman.[1] A watan Janairu 1981, ta zama makaranta daban, Makarantar Musamman ta Beenleigh.[1]

## Alƙaluma
A shekarar 2023, makarantar tana da ɗaliban da suka yi rajista 448, tare da malamai 35 (masu cikakken lokaci 32) da kuma ma'aikata 27 waɗanda ba sa koyarwa (masu cikakken lokaci 16). Waɗanda suka yi rajistar mata sun ƙunshi ɗalibai 211, kuma maza sun yi rajistar ɗalibai 237; waɗanda suka yi rajistar 'yan asalin ƙasar sun kai jimillar kashi 16% na jimillar waɗanda suka yi rajistar kuma kashi 20% na ɗaliban suna da asalin yare banda Ingilishi.

## Duba kuma

* Ilimi a Queensland
* Jerin Makarantu a Babban Brisbane

## Manazarta
Brooks High School (Launceston, Tasmania)

**Makarantar Sakandare ta Brooks** wata makarantar sakandare ce ta gwamnati da ke Rocherlea, wani yanki na arewacin Launceston, Tasmania, Ostiraliya. An kafa makarantar a shekarar 1948, kuma tana ɗaukar kimanin ɗalibai 500 daga shekara ta 7 zuwa 10. Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Tasmania ce ke kula da makarantar.

A shekarar 2019, ɗalibai 436 ne suka yi rijista.  Shugabar makarantar ita ce Louise Fisher.

Makarantar tana kula da unguwannin arewacin Launceston na Invermay, Mayfield, Mowbray, Newnham, Ravenswood da Rocherlea.

## Tarihi
An buɗe makarantar sakandare ta Brooks a shekarar 1948. Asalin makarantar ta dogara ne akan wani babban itacen ɗanko mai launin shuɗi, inda ake gudanar da tarurruka. A shekarar 1990, Jami'ar Tasmania ta haɗa waɗannan filayen kuma makarantar ta koma wurin da take a yanzu a Rocherlea. Wurin da take a yanzu yana kama da filin asali; duka suna da manyan wurare a buɗe da gine-gine daban-daban.

A shekarar 1995, makarantar ta kafa Shirin Ba Dole. Nasarar shirin ta sa sauran makarantun sakandare na Ostiraliya suka sami irin wannan shirye-shirye. Masu jawabi a Shirin sun haɗa da tsohon firayim minista John Howard, tsohon ministan ilimi Brendan Nelson, tsohon shugaban jam'iyyar Labour Kim Beazley, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Hawthorn Dermott Brereton, direban tseren mota Peter Brock, da kuma tsohon kyaftin ɗin wasan kurket na Ostiraliya Ricky Ponting . Ponting kuma ta halarci makarantar.

## Fitattun tsofaffin ɗalibai

* Daniel Geale – ɗan dambe
* Ricky Ponting - ɗan wasan kurket
* Charles Wooley - ɗan jarida

## Duba kuma

* Jerin makarantu a Tasmania
* Ilimi a Tasmania

## Manazarta
Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Beenleigh

**Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Beenleigh** (BSHS) makarantar sakandare ce ta gwamnati da ke cikin unguwar Logan City da ke Beenleigh, Queensland, Ostiraliya.  Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Queensland ce ke gudanar da ita, tare da ɗalibai 1,977 da ma'aikatan koyarwa 136, tun daga shekarar 2023. Makarantar tana hidimar ɗalibai daga Aji 7 zuwa Aji 12. 

## Tarihi
An buɗe makarantar a ranar 29 ga Janairu 1963.

A ambaliyar ruwa ta shekarar 2017, shirin noma na makarantar ya fuskanci koma-baya sosai, duk da haka, ambaliyar ba ta lalata makarantar ba.[1]

## Alƙaluma
A shekarar 2023, makarantar ta sami ɗaliban da suka yi rajista har 1,977, tare da malamai 136 (masu cikakken lokaci 131.9) da kuma ma'aikata 113 waɗanda ba sa koyarwa (masu cikakken lokaci 84.6). Waɗanda suka yi rajistar mata sun ƙunshi ɗalibai 1,032, kuma maza sun yi rajistar ɗalibai 945; waɗanda suka yi rajistar 'yan asalin ƙasar sun kai jimillar kashi 12%, kuma kashi 17% na ɗalibai suna da asalin yare banda Ingilishi.

## Fitattun tsofaffin ɗalibai

* Alan Cann, ɗan wasan rugby league
* Tonie Carroll, 'yar wasan rugby league tare da Brisbane Broncos.
* Tori Groves-Little, 'yar ƙasar Australiya ce ke jagorantar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Gold Coast Suns.
* Sonia Kruger, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, mai rawa, kuma mai gabatar da shirye-shirye
* Phil Stockman, ɗan wasan baseball

## Duba kuma

* Ilimi a Queensland
* Jerin makarantu a Babban Brisbane

## Manazarta
Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Loganlea

**Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Loganlea** ( **LSHS** ) makaranta ce ta sakandare da ke Titin Neridah a Loganlea, Logan City, Queensland, Ostiraliya, ga ɗalibai tsakanin shekaru 7 zuwa 12. An kafa makarantar a shekarar 1981 tsakanin Kogin Logan da layin dogo na Beenleigh.

Makarantar tana da ɗalibai sama da 850 da ma'aikata sama da 100. Makarantar tana da ilimi tare da ɗalibai daga fannoni daban-daban na al'adu.

Babban Jami'ar Jihar Loganlea tana gudanar da wani katafaren gida wanda ke ba da damar koyo a fannin kiwon dabbobi da noma. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ɗaliban da ke shiga shirin kasuwancin noma sun sami damar yin lokaci a wani katafaren gida mai nisa a Tsakiyar Queensland don samun ƙwarewa da kuma jin daɗin 'yancin kai. 

Makarantar ta buɗe Cibiyar Ilimi a shekarar 2006. Manufarta ita ce ta kafa manhajar karatu mai kyau ga 'yan asalin ƙasar.

Makarantar tana shiga cikin Aikin Mini-Gona inda ake noma abinci ga ƙungiyoyin agaji na gida. A ranar girbi ta mako-mako, ɗalibai da masu sa kai suna ɗebo kayan amfanin gona da tattara su.

Makarantar tana da kayan aiki kamar su ɗakin rawa, cibiyar horar da 'yan kasuwa, ɗakunan girki, dakunan gwaje-gwaje na kimiyya guda huɗu da kuma azuzuwa daban-daban. Makarantar kuma tana da cibiyar kula da walwala.

Ɗalibai suna shiga cikin ayyukan wasanni na rukuni a matsayin memba na ɗaya daga cikin gidaje huɗu; Pegasus (PEG), Hydra (HYD), Sagitta (SAG) da Ursa (URS). Ƙungiyar Rawar Eisteddfod ta makarantar za ta fafata a gasar Brisbane da kuma gasar Rawar Ipswich Eisteddfod.

Ana iya samun Jerin Tsoffin Dalibai daga 1982 zuwa 2012 a cikin Bayanan Sunaye.

## Manazarta
Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Marsden

**Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Marsden** ( **MSHS** ) makarantar sakandare ce ta gwamnati da ke cikin unguwar Logan City da ke Waterford West, Queensland, Ostiraliya.  Ma'aikatar Ilimi ce ke gudanar da ita, tare da ɗalibai 3,823 da ma'aikatan koyarwa 261, tun daga shekarar 2024. Makarantar tana hidimar ɗalibai daga Aji 7 zuwa Aji 12,   kuma ita ce babbar makarantar sakandare da aka yi rajista a Ostiraliya,  ta wuce ɗalibai 4,000 a watan Maris na 2024.

## Tarihi
An buɗe makarantar a ranar 27 ga Janairu 1987,  a yammacin unguwar. 

A shekarar 2013, wata daliba ta jefa wa firaministan lokacin, Julia Gillard, sandwich mai ganye , wanda dalibar da aka kama ta musanta aikata laifin, kuma aka dakatar da ita nan take. Dakatarwar ta dauki tsawon makonni uku, kuma daga baya ya "yi mata tambayoyi a rediyo don nuna rashin laifinsa," in ji firaministan yana dariya kuma "ya tausaya mata," amma bai taimaka wajen daukaka kara kan dakatarwar da aka yi masa ba.

A ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, 2015, masu bincike suka fara tattaunawa da ɗalibai game da ɓacewar ɗaliba Tiahleigh Palmer 'Yan sanda sun yi wa kimanin ɗalibai 70 tambayoyi har zuwa ranar 11 ga Nuwamba,  tare da masu bincike suna ƙarfafa ɗalibai su yi magana idan suna da wani sani game da ɓacewarta da kuma mutuwarta daga ƙarshe.  Lamarin ya haifar da muhawara kan tsaron makaranta.

A shekarar 2018, an zaɓi Marsden a matsayin Makarantar Shekara ta Kudu maso Gabashin Queensland ta The South East Showcase Awards, [undefined] kuma a shekarar 2020, an sanya mata suna 'mafi kyawun makarantar gwamnati a ƙasar' saboda ita ce ta zo ta ƙarshe a cikin rukunoni tara daga cikin ashirin da biyar na kyaututtukan Ilimi na Australiya, wani tarihi na tarihi.[1]

Rikici ya barke tsakanin ɗaliban Marsden da wani mutum a shekarar 2020, inda aka ɗora bidiyon a shafukan sada zumunta. Wannan lamari ya haifar da binciken 'yan sanda.

An sami adadin ɗaliban da suka yi rajista a makarantar a watan Maris na 2024, duk da cewa adadin ɗaliban da suka yi rajista a makarantar ya kai 3,444. An kiyasta idan yanayin da ake ciki a yanzu ya ci gaba, ɗaliban za su iya kaiwa 4,882 cikin shekaru huɗu (2028). Gwamnatin jihar ta sayi fili a Logan Reserve don gina sabuwar makaranta domin rage matsin lamba da ake fuskanta a babban birnin Marsden State High.

An gabatar da makarantar ga jama'a a shekarar 2025, saboda zargin da ake yi wa wani malami da ke nuna kamar kyanwa ce.  An kori malamar, wacce aka yi zargin ta gaya wa ɗalibai su kira ta da 'Miss Purr' yayin da take sanye da kunnuwa na kyanwa.

## Manazarta
Ghulam Ghaus Hazarvi

Mawlānā **Ghulam Ghaus Hazarvi** (1896 - 4 Fabrairu 1981) Masanin addinin Musulunci ne kuma ɗan siyasa kuma memba ne na Majalisar Dokokin Pakistan daga 1972 zuwa 1977.

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Jihar Kingston

**Kwalejin Kingston State** makaranta ce mai zaman kanta ta gwamnati wacce ke da alaƙa da ilimi tare da jama'a da ke cikin unguwar Logan City da ke cikin birnin Queensland , Ostiraliya.  Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Queensland ce ke gudanar da ita, tare da ɗalibai 865 da ma'aikatan koyarwa 80, tun daga shekarar 2025. Makarantar tana hidimar ɗalibai daga Aji 7 zuwa Aji 12. 

## Tarihi
Ministan Ilimi, VJ Bird (MLA), ya buɗe Makarantar Sakandare ta Kingston State  a ranar 24 ga Janairu 1977.

A shekarar 1986, iyaye a makarantar sun fara lura cewa ɗalibai da yawa suna zuwa rashin abinci mai gina jiki, wanda hakan ya hana su mai da hankali kan darussa da kuma shiga cikin ayyuka.[1] A martanin da suka mayar, iyaye da wasu malamai sun kafa ƙungiyar karin kumallo don magance wannan batu.[1] Bayan ƙaddamar da shi, an lura cewa "shirin zai zama kamar ya cancanta kuma ya zama dole." [1] Duk da haka, Gwamnatin Queensland ta ɗauki wannan shiri daban, tana ɗaukarsa a matsayin abin kunya ga Jam'iyyar Ƙasa kuma tana nuna rashin isasshen martani ga talauci a yankin.[1] A yunƙurin ɓata shirin, gwamnati ta tura wani reshe na musamman na 'yan sanda don bincika zargin "waɗanda suka yi wa ƙungiyar zagon ƙasa". [1] Shugaban makarantar, wanda ƙungiyar malamai ta ba da shawara, ya amince kawai ya tattauna batutuwan da suka shafi ƙungiyar karin kumallo kai tsaye, yana ƙin taimakawa wajen raunana waɗanda ke da hannu a ciki.[1]

A ranar 1 ga Nuwamba, 1999 aka sake canza sunan daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Kingston State zuwa Kwalejin Kingston.  An sake canza sunan a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2016, daga Kwalejin Kingston zuwa sunan da ake kira Kingston State College a yanzu.

A watan Oktoban 2016, an kulle makarantar bayan wani ɗan bindiga ya ɓace a yankin. 

## Manazarta
Gordon Barton

**Gordon Page Barton** (30 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1929 - 4 ga watan Afrilu shekara ta 2005) ɗan kasuwa ne kuma ɗan gwagwarmayar siyasa a Ostiraliya.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Barton a Surabaya, Java, Dutch East Indies (wanda yanzu haka yake Indonesia) na uwa 'yar ƙasar Holland kuma uba 'yar ƙasar Australia. Ya nuna basirarsa da asalinsa tun da wuri, a Jami'ar Sydney, inda ya gano ta hanyar yin nazari sosai kan littafin jagorar buƙatun kwas ɗin cewa zai iya zaɓar wani rukuni na darussa waɗanda za su ba shi damar samun digiri uku a lokaci guda, a lokacin da aka saba ɗauka don ɗaya.[1] Jami'ar ta ba shi digirin amma daga baya ta canza ƙa'idodi don kada hakan ya sake faruwa. [ana buƙatar hujja][citation needed]

Yayinda yake a jami'a Barton ya fara Kamfanin Interstate Parcel Express Company (IPEC), wanda shine ainihin kasuwancinsa. A shekara ta 1966, ya yi amfani da wasu daga cikin dukiyarsa don kafa kungiyar Liberal Reform Group, ƙungiyar da ta rabu da membobin Jam'iyyar Liberal ta Ostiraliya da suka yi rashin jin daɗi da goyon bayan jam'iyyarsu ga Yaƙin Vietnam; wannan ya zama Australian Reform Movement sannan kuma Jam'iyyar Australia, ɗaya daga cikin masu gabatarwa na Australian Democrats.

A shekara ta 1967, ya kafa kamfanin Tjuringa Securities wanda shine farkon kamfanin Australiya. Tjuringa ta karɓi Otal din Tarayya (wanda ya gina gidan caca na Hobart, gidan caca na farko a Ostiraliya) da kuma shagunan littattafai na Angus da Robertson da kasuwancin bugawa waɗanda aka kwace dukiya.[1]

Ya kuma kafa jaridu biyu, Sunday Observer da Sunday Review .  (The Sunday Observer mallakar Barton a cikin shekarun 1960 ya kasance ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma ba shi da alaƙa da The Observer, Burtaniya.) Na biyu an haɗa shi da littafin da aka saya na Nation don samar da Nation Review . 

Barton ya auri Yvonne Hand, wacce ta mutu a shekarar 1970. Suna da 'ya'ya biyu, Cindie da Geoffrey . Barton ya zauna a cikin dangantaka ta gaskiya da Mary Ellen Ayrton daga 1977. Har zuwa rabuwa da rabuwa, danginsu sun hada da 'ya'yan Barton biyu da 'yar Ayrton Kate.

Ya mutu a Spain a shekara ta 2005, yana da shekaru 75. 

## Manazarta
Edens Landing State School

**Makarantar Jihar Edens Landing** makarantar firamare ce ta gwamnati da ke da alaƙa da ilimi, wacce ke cikin unguwar Logan City da ke Edens Landing, Queensland, Ostiraliya.  Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Queensland ce ke gudanar da ita, tare da ɗalibai 752 da ma'aikatan koyarwa 56, tun daga shekarar 2023. Makarantar tana hidimar ɗalibai daga shirin zuwa aji na 6,   kuma tana kan titin Jamie Nicolson  da kuma kan babban titin Edens Landing, Castile Crescent.

## Tarihi
Ma'aikatar Ilimi ce ta gabatar da makarantar a shekarar 1991,  kuma aka zaɓi wurin a shekarar 1993.

An buɗe shi a ranar 28 ga Janairu 1997,  tare da bikin cika shekaru 20 da kafuwa a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2017. Bikin ya haɗa da wasan kwaikwayo na rawa na gargajiya da rawa na layi tare da kiɗan ƙasa kai tsaye, da kuma abincin gargajiya na ƙauye. Rawar daji ta sami karɓuwa sosai kuma ta zama taron makaranta na shekara-shekara.

A watan Nuwamba na 2017, makarantar ta shiga cikin waƙar *Day for Daniel* a karon farko don girmama Daniel Morcombe.

An gina sansani na zaman lafiya a makarantar a shekarar 2023 a matsayin wani ɓangare na wani aiki na duniya, yana ɗaya daga cikin sansani 250,000 da aka gina a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin.

## Alƙaluma
A shekarar 2023, makarantar tana da ɗaliban da suka yi rajista 752, tare da malamai 56 (masu cikakken lokaci 51) da kuma ma'aikata 31 waɗanda ba sa koyarwa (masu cikakken lokaci 22). Waɗanda suka yi rajistar mata sun ƙunshi ɗalibai 370, kuma maza sun yi rajistar ɗalibai 382; waɗanda suka yi rajistar 'yan asalin ƙasar sun kai jimillar kashi 10% na jimillar waɗanda suka yi rajista, kuma kashi 21% na ɗaliban suna da asalin yare banda Ingilishi. [1]

## Duba kuma

* Ilimi a Queensland
* Jerin makarantu a Babban Brisbane

## Manazarta
Makarantar Jihar Loganholme

**Makarantar Jihar Loganholme** makarantar firamare ce ta gwamnati wacce ke cikin unguwar Logan City da ke cikin garin Loganholme a cikin Queensland, Ostiraliya.  Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Queensland ce ke gudanar da ita, tare da ɗalibai 528 da ma'aikatan koyarwa 39 a shekarar 2024. Makarantar tana hidimar ɗalibai daga shirin zuwa aji na 6. 

## Wuri
Asalin makarantar tana kusa da titin Cotton Company (wanda yanzu wani ɓangare ne na babbar hanyar Logan ) tana fuskantar babbar hanyar Pacific har sai da aka mayar da ita [1] zuwa Wandilla Crescent [2] a shekarar 1974.[1] An kiyasta cewa ginin sabuwar makarantar zai ci dala $147,000 a shekarar 1973.[3]

## Tarihi
An nemi a yi wa wata makaranta a cikin yankin a shekarar 1871. An buɗe makarantar a ranar 25 ga Mayu 1873  tare da ɗalibai 37 na farko  (maza 17 da mata 20)  kuma David Freeman ya zama Babban Malami. A shekarar 1874, makarantar tana da maza 21, kuma mata 23 (44) sun yi rajista.

Rufe makarantar farko ya faru ne a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu 1890 amma an sake buɗe ta bayan watanni biyu a watan Afrilu a matsayin makarantar wucin gadi. An sake buɗe makarantar a matsayin Makarantar Jiha a ranar 23 ga Janairu 1893 bayan rufe makarantar wucin gadi.

Bayan an mayar da makarantar zuwa inda take a yanzu, an mayar da ginin makarantar na asali zuwa Kwalejin Kelvin Grove a shekarar 1975  a matsayin gidan tarihi; Ministan Ilimi, Valmond Bird, ya buɗe ta a hukumance a ranar 8 ga Afrilu 1976. Bayan an ba da gudummawarsa,  an mayar da ginin zuwa Logan a shekarar 2009 zuwa Kauyen Tarihi na Beenleigh, inda yake zaune a yanzu. An buɗe shi don amfani a ƙauyen tarihi a ranar 30 ga Yuli 2010, don koyar da tarihin yankin Beenleigh ga yaran makaranta na yanzu.

A watan Mayun 2024, an kulle makarantar bayan an gano wani mutum yana mamakin harabar makarantar yana riƙe da gatari. Duk da cewa mutumin bai kusanci kowace ɗalibi ba, an kama shi aka tsare shi.

## Manazarta
Fiona Carrick

**Fiona Carrick** 'yar siyasar Australiya ce da ke aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar dokoki don za ~ en Murrumbidgee tun daga shekara ta 2024. 

## Ayyukan siyasa
Daga 2016 zuwa 2024, Carrick ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Woden Valley Community Council . 

Carrick ya yi takara a Zaben Babban Birnin Australiya na 2020, inda ya jawo hankalin mafi yawan kuri'un ga dan takara mai zaman kansa. Ta zo ta huɗu a cikin abubuwan da aka fi so na farko, amma a ƙarshe ta kasa a zabe ta biyo bayan abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su.

Carrick ya sake tsayawa takara a Zaben 2024, a wannan lokacin don jam'iyyar "Fiona Carrick Independent".[1] Ta yi nasara, kuma tare da masu zaman kansu na Canberra shugaban Thomas Emerson, sun zama masu zaman kansu da aka zaba a Majalisar Dokokin ACT a cikin shekaru 23.

## Fiona Carrick Mai zaman kanta (jam'iyyar siyasa)
Carrick ya nemi tare da Hukumar Zabe ta Babban Birnin Australiya don yin rajistar wata jam'iyya mai suna "Fiona Carrick Independent" a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2024.  An yi rajista a hukumance a ranar 25 ga Yuni 2024. 

## Manazarta
Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Springwood

**Makarantar Sakandare ta Jihar Springwood** babbar makaranta ce ta gwamnati, mai haɗin gwiwa, wacce ke cikin unguwar Logan City da ke Springwood, a Queensland, Ostiraliya.  Ma'aikatar Ilimi ce ke gudanar da ita, tare da ɗalibai 549 da ma'aikatan koyarwa 51, tun daga shekarar 2023. Makarantar tana hidimar ɗalibai daga Aji 7 zuwa Aji 12,   kuma gida ce ga ɗaya daga cikin tashoshin sa ido kan ingancin iska guda goma sha biyar a Kudu maso Gabashin Queensland. 

## Tarihi
An buɗe makarantar a ranar 24 ga Janairu 1977  ga ɗaliban aji 8, kuma an buɗe makarantar a hukumance a shekarar 1978.

A shekarar 2010, makarantar ta dakatar da ɗalibai 20 saboda ƙirƙirar shafin Facebook wanda ya ci zarafin ma'aikatan makarantar. [1]

## Fitattun tsofaffin ɗalibai
 
Wasu ɗaliban makarantar sakandare ta Springwood sun zama sananne, ciki har da:

* Steven Bradbury - ɗan ƙasar Australiya na farko da ya lashe lambar zinare a gasar Olympics ta hunturu,
* Jodie Henry - wacce ta lashe lambar zinare sau uku a gasar Olympics,
* Aidan McLindon - ɗan siyasan Queensland,
* Grant Musgrove – Tsohon ɗan siyasan Queensland (ya kasance memba na Springwood),
* Lorna Jane Clarkson  – wacce ta kafa shagunan kayan motsa jiki na Lorna Jane a duk duniya,
* Quade Cooper - ɗan wasan rugby union,
* Steven Johnson – Direban tsere na V8 na Australiya.

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Kimberley, Carbrook

**Kwalejin Kimberley** makaranta ce mai zaman kanta ta firamare da sakandare wacce ke cikin unguwar Logan City da ke Carbrook, Queensland, Ostiraliya.  Makarantun 'Yancin Kai na Queensland ne ke gudanar da ita, tare da ɗalibai 742 da ma'aikatan koyarwa 50, tun daga shekarar 2023.  Makarantar tana hidimar ɗalibai daga shirin zuwa aji na 12. 

## Tarihi
An kafa makarantar a ranar 1 ga Janairu 2000, [1] Paul Thomson ne ya kafa ta, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban makarantar har zuwa lokacin da aka kore shi a watan Mayu 2018 saboda rashin kula da kudaden makarantar.[2] Asalin makarantar tana cikin Mount Cotton amma ta koma wurin da take a yanzu a kan titin Kruger a shekarar 2003.[3]

A shekarar 2017, kasa da kashi biyu cikin ɗari na ɗaliban makarantar suna yin jarrabawar NAPLAN saboda iyayensu suna da masaniyar cewa za su iya janye su a ƙarƙashin falsafa ko addini.  Duk da cewa shugaban makarantar ya musanta cewa yana ƙarfafa janyewa, ya yarda cewa NAPLAN na iya haifar da damuwa mai mahimmanci da ba dole ba ga ɗalibai.

A shekarar 2018, bayan da hukumar makarantar ta gudanar da binciken kuɗi, an gano cewa shugaban gidauniyar, Paul Thomson, ya karɓi kusan dala 800,000 daga makarantar, wanda aka kashe kimanin dala 700,000 daga ciki a lokacin hutunsa da iyalinsa. Al'ummar makarantar sun rabu kan batun, inda aka ƙirƙiri takardu daban-daban na kan layi, wasu don a sallami shugaban makarantar wasu kuma a ajiye shi.

## Manazarta
Uzair Gul Peshawari

**Uzair Gul Peshawari** (1886 - 17 Nuwamba 1989) masanin addinin Musulunci ne kuma mai fafutukar gwagwarmayar 'yancin Indiya da Mulkin Burtaniya wanda ya shiga cikin Silk Letter Movement . Ya kasance tsohon jami'in Darul Uloom Deoband kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin babban malami na Madrasa Rahmania a Roorkee .

## Tarihin rayuwa
Gul ya fito ne daga Ziarat Kaka Sahib, wani gari da ke cikin Peshawar .  Ya kammala karatunsa na firamare tare da malamai na yankin kuma ya koma Darul Uloom Deoband, inda ya yi karatu tare da Mahmud Hasan Deobandi . Ya kammala karatu daga Darul Uloom a cikin 1331 AH. A lokacin Khilafat Movement, an sanya Gul shugaban kwamitin Khilafat a Deoband .  Ya kasance babban aboki na Mahmud Hasan Deobandi kuma an ɗaure shi tare da shi a Malta saboda rawar da ya taka a cikin Silk Letter Movement . 

Ya yi aiki a matsayin malami a Darul Uloom Deoband  kuma kafin Yaƙin Duniya na II, an nada shi a matsayin babban malami a Madrasa Rahmania a Roorkee . 

A shekara ta 1945, Gul ya koma asalinsa a Peshawar tare da matarsa ta Ingila Beatrice Cooke . 

Gul ya mutu a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1989. 

## Iyali
Matar Gul ta farko 'yar'uwar Mahmud Hasan Deobandi ce. A lokacin da ya zauna a Roorkee, ya auri wata sabuwar mace musulma ta Ingila mai suna Beatrice Cooke. Matar Gul ta biyu Cooke ta kuma rubuta fassarar Turanci na Alkur'ani wanda bai buga ba.

## Kyauta

* A Jami'ar Peshawar, Murad Ali Shah ya rubuta rubutun Master of Arts mai taken Mawlāna Uzair Gul-The Prisoner of Malta . 
* A Jami'ar Islamabad, Farzana Nisar ta rubuta rubutun Jagora na Falsafa mai taken *Mawlāna Uzair Gul (Aseer-i-Malta): Rayuwarsa da nasarorin da ya samu*.

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin Deobandis

## Manazarta