Dokar Biyan Bauta ta 1837

**Dokar Bayar da Bawa 1837** ( 1 &amp;amp; 2 Vict. c. 3) wani aiki ne na Majalisar Dokokin Burtaniya, wanda aka sanya hannu kan doka a ranar 23 ga Disamba 1837.

Tare da dokar kawar da bauta ta 1833 ( 3 &amp;amp; 4 Will. 4. c. 73), ta ba da izini ga kwamishinonin rage basussuka na ƙasa da su biya masu bayi a yankunan da Birtaniyya ta yi wa mulkin mallaka a cikin kusan fam miliyan 20 don ’yantar da bayi. Dangane da ƙidayar gwamnati na 1 ga Agusta 1834, an ba da kyaututtuka fiye da 40,000 ga masu bayi. Tun da aka mayar da wasu kudaden zuwa kashi 3.5% na kudaden gwamnati, sun kasance har zuwa 2015. An sayar da yawancinsu kuma an aika da kudaden waje don zuba jari.

## Tarihi
Bayan shekaru da yawa na kamfen, an zartar da dokar kawar da bauta ta 1833 ( 3 &amp;amp; 4 Will. 4 . c. 73). Masu shukar a cikin Caribbean, wanda ƙungiyar London Society of West India Planters and Merchants ke wakilta (yanzu Kwamitin Yammacin Indiya ), sun yi adawa da sokewa. Dokar ta 1837 ta biya kudi mai yawa wanda ya ƙunshi kashi 40 cikin 100 na kudaden haraji na Baitul mali a lokacin ga tsoffin bayi, amma ba ga mutanen da aka 'yanta ba. 

Dokar ta baiwa kwamishinonin rage basussuka na kasa, karkashin jagorancin baitul mali, ko dai su biya diyya da har yanzu ke kan bayi daga cikin Asusun Rayya na Yammacin Indiya, ko kuma don canja wurin daidaitaccen adadin 3.5% na kudaden gwamnati. Za a yi la'akari da ayyuka daban-daban na William IV dangane da diyya, gwargwadon abin da ya dace, don aiwatar da wannan doka. 

An biya masu bayi kimanin fam miliyan 20 a matsayin diyya a cikin fiye da kyaututtuka 40,000 ga mutanen da aka 'yantar da bayi a yankunan Caribbean, Mauritius da Cape of Good Hope, bisa ga ƙidayar gwamnati da ta bayyana sunayen duk masu mallakar tun daga 1 ga Agusta 1834.  Wannan yana wakiltar kusan kashi 40 cikin 100 na kasafin kuɗin baitul malin Biritaniya, kuma an ƙididdige shi da kusan £16.5bn a halin yau. Kimanin rabin sun tafi ga masu gida da ba su nan a Burtaniya, yayin da sauran suka tafi ga masu mallakar bayi a Afirka da Indiya ta Yamma . Mafi yawan adadin da aka biya a cikin diyya shine Sir John Gladstone, 1st Baronet, mahaifin Firayim Minista William Gladstone, wanda aka biya £ 106,769 ( isa don siyan kaya wanda zai kai kusan £ 10.3m a 2021, ko aiki mai daraja kusan £ 95m a farashin 2021)  a cikin diyya da aka yi amfani da shi a duk faɗin 50 da aka yi amfani da bayinsa. 

Biyan kuɗi ga zuriyar masu lamuni an kammala shi ne kawai a cikin 2015 lokacin da Gwamnatin Burtaniya ta yanke shawarar sabunta fayil ɗin gilt ta hanyar fansar duk sauran gilts ɗin da ba a gama ba. Dogon tazarar da ke tsakanin wannan kuɗaɗen da ake rance da kuma biya na ƙarshe na duk wani kaso da wataƙila har yanzu ya yi fice ya faru ne saboda irin kayan aikin kuɗi da aka yi amfani da su, maimakon adadin kuɗin da aka aro. 

Masanin tarihin Birtaniya Nicholas Draper, a cikin littafinsa The Price of Emancipation: Slave-Ownership, Compensation and British Society at the End of Slavery, ya bayyana cewa " Natan Rothschild da surukinsa Moses Montefiore sun jagoranci wata ƙungiya mai suna Moses Montefiore sun jagoranci wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta da ta rubuta batun sabon jerin tsare-tsaren tsare-tsare guda uku don tara £ 15 miliyan: ba mu san ko an biya £ 5 miliyan ba. hannun jarin gwamnati".

## Legacy da kimantawa
Dokar kawar da bauta ta 1833 ( 3 &amp;amp; 4 Will. 4 . c. 73) ta ƙunshi tanadin biyan kuɗi ga masu mallakar bayi a Cape of Good Hope, Mauritius, da kuma tsibirin Virgin Islands a matsayin diyya don asarar dukiya da suka yi domin a rinjaye su su ƙyale a zartar da dokar. Dokar Bayar da Bawa ta 1837 ta faɗaɗa diyya don rufe mai kowane bawa na Afirka a kowane yanki.  An biya yawancin diyya a cikin Rage Annuities, wanda aka sayar da sauri kuma an aika kuɗin waje. Sakamakon haka, rikicin kuɗi na tsakiyar 1830 ya tsananta, yana haifar da kunci da rashin aikin yi ga ma'aikata a Biritaniya.  

Shugabar Hukumar Kula da Laifukan CARICOM, Sir Hilary Beckles, ta yi nuni da cewa, an yi amfani da harajin zuriyar bayi da dama a Burtaniya, wajen biyan lamunin diyya, wanda ya kira "babban aikin lalata na siyasa". Iyalai da yawa masu hannu da shuni a Burtaniya sun ci gajiyar diyyar, kuma tsararraki na yau suna ci gaba da amfana. 

Cibiyar Nazarin Gado na Bawan Biritaniya an ƙirƙiri shi ne don bincika tasirin bautar akan tarihin Biritaniya, gami da Dokar Bayar da Bawa 1837. Jami'ar College London ta kafa wani aiki mai suna Legacies of British Slave-ownership wanda ke da nufin lissafa mutanen da suka karɓi diyya. Sun kiyasta cewa ana iya gano wani wuri tsakanin kashi 1% zuwa 2.5% na attajiran Biritaniya da cewa suna da alaƙa da bautar, kama daga matakin haɗin gwiwa.  Jami'ar College London ta kasance tana bin shari'ar tare da Cibiyar Nazarin Legacies na Bawan Burtaniya a jami'ar.

Tun daga 2018, an aika buƙatun Dokar 'Yancin Bayanai da yawa zuwa ga gwamnatin Biritaniya da Bankin Ingila don sunayen waɗanda aka biya tare da lamunin, waɗanda aka hana su duka.

## Magana