Tattaunawar Yanayi

Taron Yanayi na sauƙaƙe saukin kamuwa da sauyin yanayi (**CVF**) haɗin gwiwa ne na duniya na ƙasashe waɗanda sakamakon Canjin yanayi ya shafa su sosai. Taron yana magance mummunan tasirin Canjin yanayi sakamakon karuwar matsalar zamantakewa da muhalli. Wadannan ƙasashe suna neman tsauraran matakai da gaggawa game da karuwar canjin yanayi na yanzu, a cikin gida da na duniya. An kafa CVF don kara yawan alhakin Kasashe masu masana'antu game da sakamakon canjin yanayi na duniya. Har ila yau, yana da niyyar yin ƙarin matsin lamba don aiki don magance ƙalubalen, wanda ya haɗa da aikin cikin gida ta ƙasashe da ake la'akari da saukin kamuwa. Shugabannin siyasa da ke cikin wannan haɗin gwiwa suna "yi amfani da matsayinsu a matsayin waɗanda suka fi fuskantar canjin yanayi don yin nasara sama da nauyin su a teburin tattaunawa". Gwamnatocin da suka kafa CVF sun amince da alkawuran kasa don bin ci gaban carbon mai ƙarancin carbon da tsaka-tsaki na carbon.

Philippines ta kasance shugabar dandalin masu fama da yanayi a lokacin taron sauyin yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 2015 a birnin Paris (COP21) da kuma sa ido kan amincewa da sanarwar Manila-Paris] a babban taron koli na uku na dandalin a watan Nuwamba 2015. Sanarwar Manila-Paris ta yi kira ga kasashen duniya da su karfafa hadin gwiwa da kasashen duniya.  Manufar iyakance dumamar yanayi zuwa ƙasa da ma'aunin Celsius 1.5 sama da matakan masana'antu kafin masana'antu.  A yayin wannan taron, membobin kungiyar masu fama da yanayi sun fadada zuwa hada sabbin mambobi 23.  Habasha ta zama shugabar Afirka ta farko a dandalin masu fama da yanayi a yayin taron CVF High-Level Climate Policy Forum da aka gudanar a majalisar dattijai ta Philippines a watan Agustan 2016 

A cikin shekara ta 2015, kasashe mambobi ashirin a cikin wani taron da Philippines ke jagoranta sun kaddamar da rukunin hukuma na taron, 'V20' ko 'Vulnerable Twenty', wanda ya kunshi kasashe 20 waɗanda bala'o'i suka shafi sauyin yanayi. Mambobin kungiyar sune Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Barbados, Bhutan, Costa Rica, Habasha, Ghana, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Maldives, Nepal, Philippines, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, da Vietnam. A lokacin tattaunawar ministocin V20 ta biyu a watan Afrilun 2016 a Washington DC, V20 ta amince da sabbin mambobi 23 da suka shiga CVF a shekarar 2015 a matsayin mambobi masu shigowa a cikin shirin V20. Wadannan ƙasashe a halin yanzu suna da tasiri daban-daban daga matsalolin sauyin yanayi kamar manyan guguwa, guguwar guguwa، fari, yunwa saboda abubuwan da ke haifar da yanayi, karancin abinci a matsayin samfur na canjin yanayi, yanke wutar lantarki, ambaliyar ruwa, slides, hamada, zafi, rage hanyoyin ruwa mai kyau, da sauran tasirin canjin yanayi.

## Kafawa
Gwamnatin Maldives ce ta kafa CVF kafin Taron Canjin Yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 2009 a Copenhagen, wanda ya nemi kara wayar da kan jama'a game da ƙasashe da ake la'akari da su. Gwamnatoci goma sha ɗaya daga Afirka, Asiya, Amurka da Pacific, waɗanda ke wakiltar ƙasashen da suka fi fuskantar canjin yanayi, sun haɗu a kusa da babban birnin Maldives na Malé a watan Nuwamba 2009. Gwamnatocin sun fitar da wata sanarwa da ke nuna fargabar kudi game da saurin canji da lalacewa sakamakon dumamar yanayi, suna mai cewa waɗannan yanayi "bara ce ga al'ummominmu, al'adunmu da hanyar rayuwarmu" da kuma "ta lalata haƙƙin ɗan adam na duniya na mutanenmu".

Wani rukuni na ƙasashe waɗanda ke fitar da ƙananan iskar gas sun kafa sanarwar CVF, suna yin alkawarin jagorantar duniya zuwa tattalin arzikin carbon mai ƙarancin carbon (kuma, a ƙarshe, carbon-neutral). CVF ta fahimci bukatar tallafin kasa da kasa don cimma wadannan manufofi a kasashe masu rauni. Yawancin shugabannin wadannan kasashe, gami da Shugaba Mohamed Nasheed na Maldives, sune manyan mutane a cikin CVF. Kasashen da ke fama da rauni sun sami babban hankalin kafofin watsa labarai a taron koli na Copenhagen, inda suka shiga cikin tattaunawar rufewa tare da shugabannin Amurka da China. Sanarwar CVF ta himmatu don cimma maida hankali ga 350 ppm (kashi na miliyan) na carbon dioxide a cikin yanayin duniya da kuma iyakance dumama zuwa digiri 1.5 Celsius (ko ƙasa da haka) sama da matakan preindustrial. Wannan matsayi daga baya Alliance of Small Island States ta karɓi shi. Antigua, Barbuda, Costa Rica, Habasha, Marshall Islands da Samoa suma sun bi Maldives a matsayin Kasashe masu tasowa da suka himmatu ga ci gaban carbon ko tsaka-tsaki na carbon.

## Ci gaba
Kasashen da suka kafa sun yi alkawarin nuna jagorancin ɗabi'a da aiki zuwa ga tattalin arzikin kore  ta hanyar sadaukar da kansu ga tsaka-tsaki na carbon.  Sun yi kira ga dukkan kasashe da su bi jagorancin halin kirki na Maldives, kasar farko da ta yi alkawarin cimma matsaya ta carbon. Maldives ta gudanar da taron majalisar ministoci a karkashin ruwa  kan haɗarin hauhawar matakin teku na yanzu, kuma ita ce kujera ta farko ta CVF daga 2009 zuwa 2010.

### Kiribati
Kiribati ita ce shugabar CVF ta biyu, daga 2010 zuwa 2011. Ya dauki bakuncin Taron Canjin Yanayi na Tarawa a ranar 9-11 ga Nuwamba, 2010,  inda kasashe 12 suka sanya hannu kan Sanarwar Ambo: Kiribati, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Jamhuriyar Maldives, Cuba, Brazil, Fiji, Japan, China, Marshall Islands, New Zealand da Australia.  A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2013 an yi wata sanarwa game da taron na 2010 da yarjejeniyar da aka cimma a can, yana nuna takaici da tambaya idan mayar da hankali kan sabbin tanadi biyu (haske gas da canjin yanayi) zai fi dacewa da cimma burinsu.

### Bangladesh
Bangladesh was the third chair of the CVF, from 2011 to 2013.
Its government hosted a ministerial meeting of the forum on November 13–14, 2011 in Dhaka,
where Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina and UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon were keynote speakers at its inauguration ceremony. Nineteen climate-vulnerable countries supported the Declaration, and it was adopted in Dhaka on November 14, 2011.

### Costa Rica
Costa Rica ta zama shugabar CVF daga Bangladesh a tsakiyar shekara ta 2013. CVF ta karɓi Shirin Aiki a ƙarƙashin shugabancin Costa Rica na 2013-15. An saki wannan Shirin Aiki a taron canjin yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Warsaw, Poland (COP19) a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2013, kuma ya haɗa da aikin hadin gwiwa na kasashe masu rauni a bangarori daban-daban guda shida, gami da kudi, kiwon lafiya, haƙƙin ɗan adam, aiki da ƙaura, ba da umarnin sabon bincike, shawarwari masu girma da ayyukan diflomasiyya.

### Philippines
Sanata Loren Legarda na Philippines ne ya jagoranci CVF.  Philippines ta dauki alhakin zama kujera CVF daga Costa Rica a cikin Janairu 2015 kuma za ta ci gaba da jagorantar dandalin har zuwa tsakiyar 2016.  A cikin 2015, kujera ta ba da sanarwar ƙaddamar da hukuma ta 'Vulnerable Twenty' ko 'V20' a matsayin ƙarin fa'ida daga rukunin da aka kafa.  Kasar Philippines ta bayyana muhimmancin kudi wajen sauyin yanayi.  An ƙaddamar da 'V20' a hukumance ta dukkan ƙasashe membobin a birnin Lima na Peru (ƙasa ce mai zaman kanta wacce ita ma ta gudanar da taro a cikin 2015 APEC).  Shugabancin Philippines ya zo dai-dai da shugabancinta na APEC, wanda ya samar da tsarin da aka shirya sosai don tafiyar da taron.

A karkashin shugabancin Philippines, CVF ta karɓi Sanarwar Manila-Paris da kuma 2016-2018 Roadmap a Taron Babban Mataki na Uku na CVF da aka gudanar a lokacin COP21. Sanarwar Manila-Paris ta bayyana damuwar da aka saba da ita da kuma alkawurran kasashe masu rauni kuma ta bukaci karfafa burin UNFCCC na iyakance dumama zuwa ƙasa da digiri 1.5 na Celsius sama da matakan masana'antu. Kasar Palau ta zama memba na taron bayan da Philippines ta amince da ita.

An tabbatar da Habasha a matsayin kujera mai shigowa na CVF a taron koli na uku na CVF da aka gudanar a lokacin taron canjin yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 2015 a Paris (COP21). 

## Kasancewa memba

Gwamnatoci arba'in da uku sun shiga cikin CVF daga manyan yankuna masu tasowa a duniya. A shekara ta 2009, kasashe masu zuwa sun karɓi sanarwar farko: Bangladesh, Barbados, Bhutan, Ghana, Kenya, Kiribati, Maldives, Nepal, Rwanda, Tanzania, da Vietnam  Shekaru biyu bayan haka, kasashe masu biyowa sun karɓi sanarwa ta biyu: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan. Costa Rica, Habasha, Ghana, Kenyan, Kiribasi, Madagascar, Maldive, Nepal, Ruanda, Saint Lucia, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, da Vietnam.

A Babban Taron na Uku na CVF da aka gudanar a lokacin COP21 membobin taron sun karu don haɗawa da sabbin mambobi ashirin da uku masu zuwa: Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Comoros, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, Jamhuryar Dominica, Fiji, Grenada, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Malawi, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Morocco, Nijar, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Senegal, Sudan ta Kudu, Sudan, Tunisia da Yemen.

## Taimako na ma'aikata
A watan Satumbar 2012, CVF ta kafa asusun amincewa wanda Shirin Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNDP) ke gudanarwa.  Hukumomin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suna aiki tare wajen aiwatar da ayyukan da ke da alaƙa da CVF tare da UNDP, ƙungiyar da ke jagorantar aikin taron. DARA, kungiya mai zaman kanta, mai zaman kanta da ke zaune a Madrid, a baya ta ba da tallafin ma'aikata ga CVF. Cibiyar Duniya kan Adaptation ita ce manajan abokin tarayya na CVF. A cikin 2023, CVF ta kafa wata hukuma mai zaman kanta a Accra, Ghana. 

## Mai sa ido kan Yanayi

CVF da DARA sun buga Climate Vulnerability Monitor, "The State of the Climate Crisis," a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2010. Binciken duniya ya rufe kasashe 184 da tasirin gajeren lokaci na canjin yanayi ya shafa a cikin manyan wurare huɗu: kiwon lafiya, bala'o'in yanayi, asarar mazauni da damuwa ta tattalin arziki.

An buga bugu na biyu na Climate Vulnerability Monitor, "A Guide to the Cold Calculus of a Hot Planet", a watan Satumbar 2012.  Ya fadada a kan binciken rahoton farko, yana kwatanta alamomi 34 na sakamako mai kyau da mara kyau da aka annabta zai haifar da canjin yanayi.

## Tattaunawa
Manufar CVF ita ce ta ba da gudummawa daga ƙungiyoyin da suka fi rauni, ƙirƙirar sabbin manufofi da ingantaccen aiki akan canjin yanayi yayin da yake tasowa. An san taron a matsayin murya kan batutuwan canjin yanayi na kasa da kasa.

Sabon binciken Tsaro na Yanayi na Yanayi ya ƙayyade farashin da fa'idodi na magance canjin yanayi maimakon ci gaba da yanayin yanzu a cikin hanyar tattalin arziki mai yawa a duniya. Binciken ta ya dogara ne akan Kwamitin Gwamnati kan Canjin Yanayi (IPCC) tsinkaye na fitar da iskar gas mai tsabta da kuma nazarin da ke nuna makamashi mai yawa na carbon yana nuna sau 10-100 na matakin mummunan abubuwan waje idan aka kwatanta da hanyoyin da ba su da aminci.

Tattaunawar ilimi game da raunin yanayi da ma'anar raunin da kanta ya fi dacewa, yana haifar da muhawara daban (amma mai alaƙa).  Akwai bambance-bambance a fili kan yadda kasashe daban-daban ke tinkarar sauyin yanayi, lamarin da ke haifar da rashin amincewa kan yadda ya kamata a tunkari lamarin a matakin kasa da kasa.  Tambayar ita ce, "Shin kasashen da ke da kyakkyawan yanayin tattalin arziki ne ke da alhakin taimakawa kasashe masu karamin karfi don magance sauyin yanayi?"  A cewar mai magana da yawun cibiyar sadarwa ta ilimin yanayi da ci gaban yanayi, raunin yanayi batu ne na "daidaici da 'yancin ɗan adam" wanda sauyin yanayi zai yi tasiri a kan yanayin al'umma da kuma matakin shirye-shiryen wannan al'umma da wadata albarkatun don tunkarar kalubalen da ke cikinta..

## Manazarta