Karuwanci a Ivory Coast

**Karuwanci a [[Ivory Coast]]** (Côte d'Ivoire) doka ce, amma ayyukan da suka danganci, kamar neman, pandering ko gudanar da gidajen karuwai, ba bisa ka'ida ba ne. Ma'aikatan jima'i sun ba da rahoton cewa tilasta bin doka ba ta da yawa kuma tana da cin hanci da rashawa. 'Yan sanda wani lokacin suna tayar da ma'aikatan jima'i kuma suna neman cin hanci ko fa'idodi na jima'i. 'Yan sanda da sojoji galibi suna yin niyya ga masu karuwanci kuma suna fuskantar tashin hankali. An kiyasta a shekarar 2014 cewa akwai karuwai 9,211 a kasar.

yakin basasa ya bar mata da yawa suna buƙatar albashi, don haka wasu sun koma karuwanci, saboda akwai rashin aikin yi.

A cikin babban birnin, Abidjan, yawancin karuwanci sun fito ne daga Ghana, Najeriya, Togo, Mali, Senegal da sauran jihohin Afirka ta Yamma,  mafi girman rukuni daga Ghana.  Sojojin Ivory Coast da ma'aikatan kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suna cikin abokan ciniki.

A cikin birane, ma'aikatan jima'i sun fara kungiyoyi don kare bukatun su. Sau da yawa suna kula da wani kabilanci. Kowace kungiya tana da shugaban kasa da sauran jami'ai, waɗannan galibi tsofaffin karuwai ne waɗanda ake ɗauka a matsayin "masu hikima".

Yawon shakatawa na jima'i kuma matsala ce a Ivory Coast . 

## Sunan yankin

* "Macijin" - A Abidjan, ana kiran Masu tafiya a kan titi da "macijin" saboda sautin da suke yi don jawo hankalin abokan ciniki. Rue Pierre et Marie Curie a cikin gundumar ja-haske ta birnin na Marcory Zone 4 an san shi da "Serpent Street".
* "Mata Dioula" - Matasa masu karuwanci daga Mali. Bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci suna aiki a matsayin karuwanci yawanci sukan zama 'yan kasuwa a kasuwannin gida.
* "Mata Karoua" - Tsofaffin mata Zarma ko Hausa, yawanci sun sake aure, daga Ghana.
* "Evolue" - Wadannan mata, daga kasashe daban-daban a Afirka ta Yamma ta Faransa, suna neman abokan ciniki a mashaya da wuraren shakatawa na dare.
* "TouTou" - Sun fito ne daga jihohin Yammacin Afirka na Burtaniya, waɗannan mata galibi karuwanci ne na titi. Sunan ya samo asali ne daga 'shillings biyu, pence biyu'; karuwa wacce ba ta caji da yawa.

## Tarihi
Kafin zuwan Turawa, wani nau'in karuwanci da aka sani da  ya shahara a tsAkan Kudu maso Yammacin Akan na Gold da Ivory Coasts. Manyan 'yan siyasa sun sami mata, yawanci bayi, don biyan bukatun jima'i na maza marasa aure. An fara su ne ta hanyar al'adun addini kuma jihar ce ke sarrafa kuɗin da suke samu. Bayan ziyarar Assini a cikin 1701, Jean Barbot ya rubuta cewa abrakree a Assini sun bambanta kansu daga wasu mata ta hanyar sanya zane na fararen lilin a kan kawunansu. An haramta maza da suka yi aure su yi amfani da ayyukansu, kuma hukunci yana da tsanani.

A cikin shekarun 1960, yawancin karuwanci na Faransa sun zo kasar, galibi daga Paris da Marseilles. Sun yi aiki a matsayin barmaids a mashaya da wuraren shakatawa na dare, galibi a Abidjan. Sun caji kudade masu yawa, amma mai mashaya ya ɗauki kwamiti na "air conditioning" ga kowane abokin ciniki. Saboda kudade masu yawa, abokan ciniki 'yan Turai ne ko' yan Afirka masu daraja.

Matan Ghana sun fara ƙaura zuwa Ivory Coast don yin aiki a matsayin karuwanci a cikin shekarun 1970 saboda raguwar tattalin arzikin Ghana. Wannan ƙaura ta ci gaba, kuma a cikin shekarun 1990 sama da rabin karuwai a Abidjan sun fito ne daga Ghana.

## HIV
 
Kamar yadda yake tare da wasu ƙasashe a Yammacin Afirka, Ivory Coast tana da annobar HIV. Ma'aikatan jima'i ƙungiya ce mai haɗari sosai, kuma amfani da kwaroron roba a baya ba sananne ba ne,  wanda ya haifar da kashi 70% na ma'aikatan jimaʼi a Abidjan suna da cutar kanjamau a shekarar 1995. Kamfen ɗin yaduwar jama'a da kuma sa hannun ilimi sun yi niyya ga manyan mutanen da ke da haɗari, kamar ma'aikatan jima'i, wanda ya kawo yawan kamuwa da cuta zuwa 40% a cikin 1998.

Ci gaba da kamfen, ilimi, rarraba kwaroron roba da samun damar samun ingantaccen kiwon lafiya sun kawo yaduwar cutar kanjamau tsakanin ma'aikatan jima'i zuwa 26.6% a cikin 2011,  da 11% a cikin 2016. 

## Cinikin jima'i
Ivory Coast ita ce tushen, wucewa, da kuma makoma ga mata da yara da ke fuskantar fataucin jima'i. Cinikin kaya a cikin kasar ya fi yawa fiye da fataucin kasa da kasa, kuma yawancin wadanda aka gano yara ne. Saboda karuwar jaddadawa kan saka idanu da yaki da fataucin yara a cikin kasar, ana iya bayar da rahoton yaduwar fataucin manya. Mata da 'yan mata na Ivory Coast galibi ana tilasta musu aiki a cikin sabis na gida da gidajen cin abinci a Côte d'Ivoire amma kuma ana cin zarafinsu a fataucin jima'i. Wasu mata da 'yan mata da aka dauka daga Ghana da Najeriya  a matsayin masu ba da abinci suna fuskantar fataucin jima'i. Jami'ai sun lura cewa baƙi na Ivory Coast ba bisa ka'ida ba a Aljeriya suna da rauni ga fataucin mutane saboda matsayinsu na ba bisa ka-ida ba. Rashin cikakkun bayanai game da fataucin mutane a Côte d'Ivoire ya sa ba a san cikakken matsalar ba.

Ofishin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka don Kulawa da Yaki da Cin Hanci da Kasuwanci a cikin Mutane ya sanya Ivory Coast a matsayin ƙasa ta Tier 2.

## Bayani