Cinkin bayi a yamacin afrika

Tekun Slave yanki ne na tarihi da ke gabar Tekun Atlantika na Yammacin Afirka, wanda ya ƙunshi sassan Togo, Benin, da Najeriya na zamani. Tana kusa da Gabar Biafra da Benin da ke tsakanin kogin Volta da tafkin Legas. [
An samo sunan ne daga tarihin yankin a matsayin babban tushen mutanen Afirka da aka sayar da su cikin bauta a lokacin cinikin bayi na Atlantic tun daga farkon karni na 16 zuwa ƙarshen karni na 19. . A wannan lokacin, wannan yanki na bakin teku ya zama babbar cibiyar fitar da ’yan Afirka da suke bauta zuwa nahiyar Amurka.
A wannan lokacin, wannan yanki na bakin teku ya zama babbar cibiyar fitar da ’yan Afirka da suke bauta zuwa nahiyar Amurka.
At this time, this coastal region became a major center for the export of African slaves to the Americas.
A wannan lokacin, wannan yanki na bakin teku ya zama babbar cibiyar fitar da ’yan Afirka da ake bautar da su zuwa nahiyar Amurka.
At this time, this coastal region became a major center for the export of enslaved Africans to the Americas.
Kasashen turai, da suka hada da Portuguese, Birtaniya, Dutch, Danish, da Faransanci, sun kafa sansani da wuraren kasuwanci a yankin don sauƙaƙe cinikin bayi. An sanya sunan yankin ne saboda yawan bayin da ake jigilarsu daga bakin tekun, wanda ya yi tasiri sosai ga al'ummomin yankin da kuma fadin duniyar Atlantic.

An kiyasta bakin tekun Slave ya kasance wurin tashi ga kusan mutane miliyan biyu da ake bautar a Afirka, wanda ke wakiltar kusan kashi 16 cikin 100 na mutane miliyan 12.5 da aka yi jigilar su zuwa Amurka a lokacin cinikin bayi na transatlantic. wannan ya yi daidai da matsakaita kusan mutane 20 da ke barin Tekun Slave kowace rana sama da ƙarni biyu. Wani adadi mai yawa na waɗannan mutane, mai yiwuwa fiye da rabi, an taso ne daga bakin tekun kudancin Ouidah, wanda ba shi da tashoshin jiragen ruwa na yau da kullun. wata tashar jirgin ruwa ta farko da bayi suka taso ita ce Legas. Waɗannan alkalumman suna wakiltar waɗanda suka tsira daga yanayin kafin tafiya, gami da matsanancin jira da lokacin lodi.

Sauran yankunan bakin tekun da ke kusa da su a tarihi sun san su ta hanyar fitar da turawan mulkin mallaka su ne Gold Coast, Ivory Coast (ko Windward Coast), da Tekun Pepper (ko Tekun hatsi).

## Tarihin tarihi
Dubi kuma: Ciniki na Triangular da Kasuwancin bayi na Transatlantic
tuntuɓar Turai da kasuwancin farko
Majiyoyin Turai sun fara tattara bayanai game da ci gaban kasuwanci a yankin "Slave Coast" da haɗin kai cikin cinikin bayi na transatlantic a kusa da 1670.
Commercial Agriculture, the Slave Trade and Slavery in Atlantic Africa. Boydell & Brewer. 2013. doi:10.7722/j.ctt31nj49.19  
A cikin karni na 18, auratayya tsakanin mazauna Turai da matan Afirka yana da alaƙa da farko ga katangar Turai da aka kafa a Ouidah. Yayin da yawancin ma'aikatan Turai ko dai sun mutu ko kuma sun dawo gida bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci, waɗanda suka daɗe suna kulla dangantaka da matan gida kuma suna da yara. 
Robinson, Harlow (2019-12-03), "Where the Devil Has He Been?", Lewis Milestone, University Press of Kentucky, pp. 219–237, doi:10.5810/kentucky/

## Kasuwancin bayi na Transatlantic
Kasuwancin bayi na transatlantic ya haifar da samuwar "al'ummar Atlantic" na Afirka da Turawa a karni na 17, 18, da 19.  fataucin bayi na Turawa sun saya kusan mutane miliyan goma sha biyu bayi daga ’yan kasuwar bayi na Afirka a lokacin cinikin bayi na transatlantic. An kai ’yan Afirka da aka bautar zuwa Amurka don yin aikin noman noman kuɗi a ƙasashen Turawa.  tashishi ruwan da suka fitar da wadannan bayi daga Afirka sun hada da Ouidah, Legas, Aneho (Little Popo), Grand-Popo, Agoué, Jakin, Porto-Novo, da Badagry. Waɗannan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na cinikin bayi waɗanda aka ba su daga al'ummomin Afirka, kabilu da masarautu, gami da Allada da Ouidah, waɗanda masarautar Dahomey ta karɓe su daga baya.

Yawan cinikin bayi da ke gabar tekun Slave ya ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka yawan jama'a daban-daban da ke shagaltuwar kasuwanci da cibiyoyin sadarwar transatlantic. wanan yawan jama'a sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsara kasuwancin Atlantic da al'adu.

## Rushewa
Kasuwancin bayi na transatlantic a yammacin Afirka ya fara raguwa tun da wuri fiye da sauran yankuna. yayin da ake la'akari da kwararar fursunoni daga Afirka ta Atlantika a matsayin doka da matsin lamba na diflomasiyya da na ruwa a cikin shekaru da dama da suka gabata a farkon karni na 19, an fara samun koma baya a yammacin Afirka tun kafin a kafa dokokin kawar da su[ Mafi yawan ƙasashe masu cinikin bayi sun fara kamfen na kawar da su a cikin 1807, yayin da yawan jigilar bayi ya fara raguwa a yammacin Afirka daga 1787. Wannan ya faru ne saboda dokokin mulkin mallaka na samar da tagomashi

## Yawan mutane
Ana kuma kiran bakin tekun "kabari na farin mutum"  saboda yawan mutuwar mutane daga cututtuka kamar zazzabin rawaya, zazzabin cizon sauro, gajiya mai zafi, da cututtukan gastro-entero da yawa. A shekara ta 1841, kashi 80 cikin 100 na ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa na Biritaniya da ke aikin balaguron soji a kogin Niger sun kamu da zazzabi. tsakaanin 1844 zuwa 1854, 20 daga cikin mishan na Faransa 74 a Senegal sun mutu daga cututtukan gida, wasu 19 kuma sun mutu jim kaɗan bayan sun dawo Faransa.[, ]  an rubuta auratayya a tashoshin jiragen ruwa kamar Ouidah inda Turawa suka kasance na dindindin. sadarwata kasance mai yawa a tsakanin dukkanin bangarorin kasuwanci guda uku, har ta kai ga ana iya bin diddigin mutanen da ake bautar da su.

## Kasuwancin bayi da ke ƙetare tekun
Atlantika ya haifar da hasarar rayuka masu yawa da ba a sani ba ga fursunonin Afirka a ciki da wajen Amurka. Sama da mutane miliyan ne ake zaton sun mutu a lokacin da suke tafiya zuwa sabuwar duniya. sun mutu jim kadan bayan isowarsu. Yawan rayukan da aka yi hasarar sayan bayi wani abu ne mai ban mamaki amma yana iya kai ko wuce adadin mutanen da suka tsira daga bauta.

Masana tarihi na zamani sun yi kiyasin cewa an kwashe mutane tsakanin miliyan biyu zuwa uku daga wannan yanki kuma ana cinikin kayayyaki kamar barasa da taba daga Amurka da masaku daga Turai a matsayin wani bangare na cinikayyar kundila Masana tarihi sun lura cewa duk da cewa bayanan hukuma sun nuna cewa an kai bayin Afirka miliyan goma sha biyu zuwa Amurka daga Afirka, ainihin adadin bayin da ’yan kasuwar bayi na Turai suka saya ya fi yawa.   ] Tare da sauran nau'o'in ciniki, wannan hadadden musayar ya kuma haifar da musayar al'adu tsakanin waɗannan yankuna uku, wanda ya shafi addinai, tsarin gine-gine, harsuna, da ilimi
Mummunan yanayi na cinikin ya haifar da lalatar daidaikun mutane da al'adu. Masanin tarihi Ana Lucia Araujo ya lura cewa tsarin bautar bai ƙare ba tare da isowa gabar Yammacin Yammacin Turai; Hanyoyi daban-daban da mutane da ƙungiyoyin da ke fama da cinikin bayi na trans-Atlantic suka rinjayi abubuwa daban-daban - ciki har da yankin da ke tashi, damar da za a sayar a kasuwa, irin aikin da aka yi, jinsi, shekaru, addini, da harshe. 
Jami'ar Pittsburgh Farfesa na Tarihin Duniya, Patrick Manning, ya kiyasta cewa kimanin mutane miliyan 12 da ake bautar da su ne rikicin cinikin Atlantika ya rutsa da su a tsakanin karni na 16 zuwa na 19, amma kimanin mutane miliyan 1.5 ne suka mutu a cikin jiragen ruwa. Kusan bayi miliyan 10.5 sun isa Amurka. Baya ga mutanen da aka bautar da suka mutu a Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Tsakiyar, yawancin mutanen Afirka sun mutu a lokacin hare-haren bayi a Afirka tare da tilasta yin tafiya zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa. Manning ya yi kiyasin cewa mutane miliyan 4 ne suka mutu a cikin Afirka bayan kama su, kuma da yawa sun mutu kanana. Kiyasin Manning ya shafi mutane miliyan 12 da tun farko aka nufa zuwa Tekun Atlantika, da kuma mutane miliyan 6 da aka nufa don kasuwannin bayi na Asiya da kuma mutane miliyan 8 da za su shiga kasuwannin Afirka. Daga cikin bayin da aka aika zuwa Amurka, kaso mafi girma ya tafi Brazil da Caribbean.
## Manazarta