Angelica Singleton Van Buren

Sarah Angelica Van Buren ( née Singleton ; Fabrairu 13, 1818 - Disamba 29, 1877) ta kasance magajiyar Amurka kuma surukar shugaban Amurka na takwas, Martin Van Buren . Ta auri ɗan shugaban ƙasa, Abraham Van Buren na biyu . Ta hau kujerar matar shugaban ƙasa saboda matar shugaban ƙasa, Hannah Van Buren, ta mutu kuma bai sake yin aure ba. Ita ce mace mafi ƙaranci da ta taɓa yin aiki a matsayin mai masaukin baki a Fadar White House, tana ɗaukar wannan matsayi tana da shekaru 20.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Sarah Angelica Singleton a Wedgefield, South Carolina, a ranar 13 ga Fabrairu, 1818.  Ita ce ta huɗu cikin 'ya'ya shida da Richard Singleton da matarsa, Rebecca Travis Coles suka haifa. 

Angelica ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Mata ta Columbia da ke South Carolina da kuma Makarantar Faransanci ta Madame Grelaud da ke Philadelphia na tsawon shekaru biyar.  Ta kasance daliba mai farin jini a Madame Grelaud's kuma makarantar ta ba ta damar haɗuwa da gungun mutane daban-daban. 

## Aure
A lokacin hunturu na 1837-38, Angelica da 'yar uwarta Marion sun zauna a Washington, DC tare da Sanata William C. Preston na Amurka, ɗan uwan mahaifiyarsu Rebecca Travis Coles. Wata 'yar uwan mahaifiyarsu, tsohuwar Uwargidan Shugaban Kasa Dolley Madison, ta gabatar da 'yan matan ga al'ummar Washington.  A watan Maris na 1838, Madison ta yanke shawarar yin wasan kwaikwayo kuma ta gabatar da 'yan matan ga 'ya'yan Shugaba Martin Van Buren marasa aure.  Angelica ta haɗu da ɗan Shugaban Kasa Abraham, wanda ba da daɗewa ba ya nemi ta aure shi. Sun yi aure a gonar mahaifinta da ke Wedgefield a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 1838, ranar haihuwar Abraham da shekaru talatin da ɗaya.  Duk da cewa bai samu damar halarta ba, Van Buren ya goyi bayan auren kuma hakan ya ƙarfafa dangantakarsa da Tsohon Kudu. 

## Uwargidan Shugaban Kasa
Bayan auren, Van Buren ta ɗauki nauyin mai masaukin baki a Fadar White House da babban nasara.   Wannan ya sa ta zama matar shugaban ƙasa ta riƙon mukaddashi a Amurka, domin surukarta ta rasu shekaru da suka gabata.

A shekara ta 1839, ma'auratan sun tafi Ingila inda kawunta, Andrew Stevenson, ya kasance ministan Amurka (wanda yanzu jakadan kasar ne) a Burtaniya .   Tafiyar, wacce ta kuma fadada zuwa wasu kasashen Turai, ta zaburar da Van Buren ya gabatar da wasu salon Turai da al'adunsu ga ayyukan Fadar White House. Ta kuma yi fatan yin kwaikwayi lambunan fadan Turai a Fadar White House.  Duk da haka, wadannan gyare-gyaren ba su dade ba ko kuma ba a taba cimma su gaba daya ba.   

Bayan liyafar ranar Sabuwar Shekara ta gargajiya a shekarar 1840, Van Buren ta daina aikin mai masaukin baki kuma ta shiga keɓewa saboda ciki.  A watan Maris na 1840, ta haifi ɗanta na fari na ma'auratan, 'ya mace mai suna Rebecca; duk da haka, yaron ya mutu jim kaɗan bayan haka.   Van Buren bai ci gaba da aikin mai masaukin baki ba bayan ya sake yin ciki a karo na biyu daga baya a wannan shekarar. 

Wannan almubazzaranci da Van Buren ya nuna ya zo ne a tsakiyar firgicin da ya daɗe a shekarar 1837, wanda wani ɓangare na manufofin Van Buren da wanda ya gabace shi suka haifar. Wannan ya sa ta zama abin da ake nema a yaƙin neman zaɓe na sake zaɓen surukinta.  A shekarar 1982, Cibiyar Bincike ta Kwalejin Siena ta nemi masana tarihi su tantance matan shugabanni na Amurka, ciki har da matan shugabanni "masu riƙon amana" kamar Van Buren. Binciken, wanda ake gudanarwa akai-akai tun daga lokacin, ya sanya matan shugabanni bisa ga jimillar maki kan ka'idojin da ba su da alaƙa da asalinsu, darajarsu ga ƙasa, hankali, jarumtaka, nasarori, mutunci, shugabanci, kasancewarsu mata, mutuncin jama'a, da kuma darajar shugaban ƙasa. Masana tarihi sun sanya Van Buren a cikin binciken 1982 a matsayin na 36 mafi daraja daga cikin 42 da aka lissafa. Matan shugabanni masu riƙon amana kamar Van Buren an cire su daga sake maimaita wannan binciken. 

## Shugabancin bayan Van Buren
Bayan da aka kayar da Martin Van Buren don sake tsayawa takara a shekarar 1840, Angelica ta kawo iyalinta zuwa Sumter, South Carolina yayin da take da juna biyu. A watan Yunin 1841, ta haifi ɗanta Singleton (1841-1879).  A wannan kaka, Shugaban ƙasa ya gayyaci iyalan su zauna a gidansa na Lindenwald da ke Kinderhook, New York .  A nan, Angelica ta kula da ma'aikatan gida da kuma ci gaba da ayyukan mai masaukin baki yayin da Van Buren ya ci gaba da zama babban mutum a siyasa.  Angelica da Abraham sun haifi wasu 'ya'ya maza biyu, Martin II (1844-1885) da Travis Coles (1848-1889); kuma ta zama mai kula da 'yar uwarta Mary McDuffie (1830-1874), wanda ya zama kusa da Martin Van Buren.  A shekara ta 1846, Abraham ya koma aikin soja a farkon Yaƙin Mexico da Amurka, yana aiki har zuwa lokacin da ya yi ritaya a shekara ta 1854. A shekara ta 1848, Abraham da Angelica sun ƙaura da iyalansu zuwa birnin New York, inda za su zauna har sai mutuwarsu. 

A shekara ta 1853, Angelica ta ba wa 'yar uwarta Marion mafaka, wacce ke tserewa daga mijinta mai cin zarafi. Dokar South Carolina ta bukaci Marion ta mayar da mallakar kadarorin mijinta na farko ga sabon mijinta, wanda ta yi ƙoƙarin sake mallaka ta kotunan jiha amma ba ta yi nasara ba. Angelica ta fusata da shawarar kuma ta yi ƙoƙarin shiga tsakani, amma ta gano cewa dangantakarta ta siyasa ba ta son taimakawa saboda tashin hankali tsakanin ɓangarorin jam'iyyar Democrat.  Daga ƙarshen 1854 zuwa 1856, Abraham da Angelica sun kai iyalansu yawon shakatawa a Turai. A lokacin wannan rangadin, Angelica ta fuskanci yanayin talauci ta hanyar littattafai kamar *Household Words* da *Alton Locke* .  Ta hanyar waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru, Van Buren ta fara sha'awar gyaran zamantakewa da ayyukan agaji, waɗanda ta sadaukar da kanta ga lokacin da ta dawo Amurka. 

Martin Van Buren ya mutu sakamakon asma a ranar 24 ga Yuli, 1862, a gidansa da ke Kinderhook, New York. Yana da shekaru 79. 

Abraham Van Buren ya mutu a ranar 15 ga Maris, 1873.  Angelica ta mutu bayan shekaru biyar a ranar 29 ga Disamba, 1878, kuma an binne ta tare da mijinta a Makabartar Woodlawn . 

## Duba kuma

* Makabartar Singleton, makabartar gonar iyalinta kusa da Wedgefield, South Carolina

## Manazarta

## Tushe

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## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Tarihin Angelica Van Buren a Blog ɗin Shugabannin Amurka
* Tarin Angelica Singleton Van Buren a Jami'ar South Carolina

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