Sherilynn Black

Sherilynn Black ƙwararriyar masaniyar kimiyyar jijiyoyi ce ta Amurka kuma mataimakiyar shugabar ci gaban malamai, haka kuma mataimakiyar farfesa ce a fannin ilimin likitanci a Jami'ar Duke da ke Durham, North Carolina . Bincikenta ya mayar da hankali kan ilimin jijiyoyi na zamantakewa da kuma haɓaka hanyoyin da za a bi don haɓaka bambancin ra'ayi a fannin ilimi .

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Black ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta West Charlotte inda ta kasance shugabar gwamnatin ɗalibai da Ƙungiyar Girmamawa ta Ƙasa .  Bugu da ƙari, ta yi aikin sa kai a United Way da Metrolina Food Bank kuma ta yi aikin yi a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Carolinas, bayan haka ta yi la'akari da aikin likitanci. Ta yi karatun digirinta na farko a Jami'ar North Carolina da ke Chapel Hill .  A matsayinta na Malamar Morehead-Cain, Baƙar fata ta yi karatun ilimin halayyar ɗan adam kuma ta yi karatun digiri a fannin ilmin halittu . Bayan kammala karatunta da manyan darajoji, Baƙar fata ta ci gaba da karatun jami'a kuma ta ci gaba da karatun digiri a Jami'ar Duke a fannin ilimin halittar jiki .  A shekara ta 2002, Baƙar fata ta zama ɗalibi na farko ɗan Afirka ɗan Amurka da ya kammala karatun digiri a wannan shirin.  Yayin da take kammala karatun digirinta na uku, Baƙar fata ta yi karatun ilimi a UNC a Chapel Hill a lokaci guda.

Black ta kammala karatun digiri na biyu a shekarar 2008 kuma ta zauna a Duke don horon digiri na uku a dakin gwaje-gwaje na Kafui Dzirasa daga 2009 har zuwa 2012.  A ƙarƙashin jagorancin Dzirasa, Black ta yi nazarin ikon sarrafa cortical na da'irorin jijiyoyi da ke ƙarƙashin motsin rai .  Ta gano cewa motsin optogenetic na ƙwayoyin halittar cortical projection yana da tasirin rage damuwa ga beraye, kuma ta hanyar rikodin jijiyoyi na yankuna da yawa, ta gano cewa wannan motsa jiki yana haifar da aikin jijiyoyi na synchronous a cikin yankuna da yawa na kwakwalwa mai laushi da ke da alaƙa da tsarin motsin rai . 

## Aiki da bincike
A shekarar 2010, an kafa Ofishin Digiri na Biyu na Biomedical a Jami'ar Duke, kuma an ɗauki Black a matsayin darakta ta farko.  Baƙar fata ta magance matsaloli kamar cutar imposter syndrome da rashin abin koyi ga ɗaliban tsiraru ta hanyar ɗaukar ɗalibai da malamai daban-daban, da kuma fara ɗaukar ɗalibai tun daga farkon digiri na farko.  Ta ƙirƙiri ƙungiya mai fannoni daban-daban da kuma cikakken shiri don fara gyara bambancin jinsi da launin fata a cikin ilimin digiri na biyu.  Ta kuma kula da haɓaka shirye-shiryen da aka tsara don magance ƙalubalen da ɗaliban da ba su da wakilci sosai ke fuskanta a fannin ilimi. Daga baya ta lura cewa galibi ana kallon bambancin a matsayin wajibi ne kawai na ɗabi'a, maimakon a matsayin wani muhimmin ra'ayi na tunani wanda ke haifar da ci gaban al'umma da ci gaban kimiyya.  Baƙar fata ta shirya taron shekara-shekara ta Ofishin Digiri na Biyu na Biomedical inda duk ɗaliban da ba su da wakilci sosai ke da damar haɗuwa da juna, haɓaka abota, da kuma shirya don samun nasarar ƙwarewar makarantar digiri na Duke.  Ƙoƙarin Baƙar fata ya ninka adadin aikace-aikacen shirye-shiryen likitanci a Duke  a cikin shekaru 5 na farko, yana inganta ƙimar matriculation da ƙimar kuɗin ɗalibai ta hanyar zumunci .  

A shekarar 2012, an naɗa Black a matsayin mataimakiyar farfesa a fannin ilimin likitanci a sashen ilimin ido da kimiyyar asibiti a Jami'ar Duke.  Shekara guda bayan haka, a shekarar 2013, an ɗaukaka ta zuwa mataimakiyar farfesa a fannin ilimin likitanci a sashen ilimin likitanci a Makarantar Likitanci ta Duke .  A wannan lokacin, ta gudanar da bincike don gano canje-canjen da suka shafi juna waɗanda ke haifar da nasara a manyan makarantu a shirye-shiryen haɓaka ɗalibai na kimiyya, fasaha, injiniyanci da lissafi (STEM). Ta kuma ƙirƙiro samfuran lissafi don annabta nasarar shirye-shiryen ilimi mafi girma.  Ganin cewa ƙalubalen da ɗalibai ke fuskanta suna da alaƙa kuma galibi sun samo asali ne daga rashin muhallin tallafi maimakon shirye-shiryen ilimi, Black ta nemi kuɗi da haɗin gwiwa don magance waɗannan ƙalubalen, inda ta taimaka wajen samun tallafin shekaru biyar na Cibiyoyin Lafiya na Ƙasa na kusan dala miliyan 2 don kafa Haɗin gwiwar Biosciences don Bincike (BioCoRE).  A cikin wannan rawar, Black ta haɓaka bincike na digiri na biyu da na ƙasa da kuma ci gaban masana kimiyyar halittu gaba ɗaya .  Ta kuma taimaka wajen warware rikice-rikice tsakanin ɗalibai da malamai, tana taimaka wa ɓangarorin biyu su shawo kan yanayi masu sarkakiya da kuma gina ingantacciyar sadarwa. Ta shawarci ɗalibai da kada su ɗauki kowane tsokaci mara tausayi a matsayin watsi da ƙwarewarsu kuma ta taimaka wa malamai su fahimci tasirin kalmominsu yayin da suke ba da hanyoyi masu kyau don inganta hulɗa. 

Ya zuwa shekarar 2017, an ƙara wa Baƙar fata matsayi a matsayin mataimakiyar shugaban jami'a don ci gaban malamai.  Tana aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar malamai a Cibiyar Ilimi ta Duke, memba a Majalisar Shugaban Ƙasa kan Harkokin Baƙar fata, memba a Majalisar Ba da Shawara kan Jagoranci kan Malaman Ƙananan Ma'aikata marasa wakilci, memba a Majalisar Ba da Shawara kan Bambancin Jima'i da Jinsi, da kuma mai ba da shawara kan Sashen Duke na Ƙungiyar Ci Gaban 'Yan Chicano da 'Yan Asalin Amurka a Kimiyya (SACNAS).    A shekarar 2023, an naɗa ta shugabar Shirin Kwalejin Kimiyya, Injiniya, da Magunguna ta Ƙasa (NASEM), wani sabon mataki da aka tsara don fahimtar "mahaɗa tsakanin jagoranci, ci gaban ƙwararru, da walwala a duk matakan aikin ilimi." 

Black ta yi nuni da cewa tsarin matsayi a fannin ilimi da masana'antu sau da yawa yana kawo cikas ga sauyin al'adu, domin suna ƙarfafa bin ƙa'idodin da ake da su don kiyaye kai. Tana lura da cewa yayin da ake wargaza waɗannan tasirin iko yana haifar da ƙalubale ga cimma daidaito, ta jaddada buƙatar sauyin hukumomi, tana mai gargaɗin cewa ba tare da muhallin da ya haɗa da kowa ba, ƙarancin wakilci da raguwar wakilci za su ci gaba. Bugu da ƙari, masana kimiyya na iya jin an tilasta musu shiga cikin tsarin da ba shi da adalci, wanda hakan ke yin watsi da fa'idodin cibiyoyin bambancin ra'ayi da ke neman haɓaka. 

## Lambobin yabo da girmamawa

* Mai gabatar da jawabi na 2019 na Cibiyar Nazarin Lafiyar Muhalli ta Ƙasa (NIEHS) Jerin Masu Magana Bambance-bambance 
* Duke AHEAD Fellow 
* Kyautar Deans don Ingantaccen Ilimi a Digiri na Biyu 
* Kyautar Samuel DuBois Society Cook Society ta 2015 
* Masanin Morehead-Cain 

## Alƙawura

* Malamin Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Howard Hughes Gilliam Fellowship 
* Memba a Kwamitin Kwalejin Kimiyya, Injiniya, da Magunguna ta Ƙasa 
* Kwamitin Wayar da Kan Jami'an Lafiya na Amurka - Kwamitin Wayar da Kan Jami'an Lafiya na Digiri na Biyu 
* Asusun Tallafawa Masu Kyau na Burroughs 
* Ƙungiyar Ilimin Jijiyoyin Jiki - Shirin Malaman Ilimin Jijiyoyin Jiki kuma Memba na Kwamitin Ci Gaban Ƙwararru 

## Littattafai
Kumar, Sunil, Sherilynn J. Black, Rainbo Hultman, Steven T. Szabo, Kristine D. DeMaio, Jeanette Du, Brittany M. Katz, Guoping Feng, Herbert E. Covington, da Kafui Dzirasa. "Ikon Cortical na cibiyoyin sadarwa masu tasiri." J Neurosci 33, no. 3 (Janairu 16, 2013): 1116–29. 

Mays, Alfred, Angela Byars-Winston, Antentor Hinton, Andrea G. Marshall, Annet Kirabo, Avery August, Bianca J. Marlin, da sauransu. 2023. “Juneteenth a cikin STEMM da Shingayen Kimiyya Mai Daidaito.” *Cell* 186 (12): 2510–17.  .

## Manazarta