Kwamitin Kasa da Kasa na Gwamnati kan Canjin Yanayi

Kwamitin Kasa da Kasa na Nongovernmental kan Canjin Yanayi (**NIPCC**) kungiya ce ta kare canjin yanayi da aka kafa ta S. Fred Singer's Science & Environmental Policy Project, kuma daga baya kungiyar masu fafutuka ta Cibiyar Heartland ta tallafawa, don adawa da rahotanni na kimantawa na Kwamitin Intergovernmental kan canjin Yanayi. 

NIPCC ta gabatar da kanta a matsayin "kwamitin kasa da kasa na masana kimiyya da malamai wadanda ba na gwamnati ba wadanda suka taru don gabatar da cikakken, iko, da kuma kimantawa na kimiyya da tattalin arziki na dumamar duniya". Saboda ba hukuma ce ta gwamnati ba, kuma saboda membobinta suna da niyyar yin jayayya cewa Canjin yanayi ya haifar da hayakin gas na mutum, NIPCC ta yi iƙirarin bayar da "ra'ayi na biyu" mai zaman kansa game da shaidar da IPCC ta sake dubawa - ko ba ta sake dubanta ba. An soki ingancin kimiyya na da'awar da rahoton NIPCC ya yi sosai,   kamar yadda tsarin rahotonsu da rashin ƙwarewar yawancin marubutan su.  

## Tarihi
Hukumar NIPCC ta bayyana cewa manufarsu ita ce tantancewa da kuma fassara bayanai da gaskiya da gaske ba tare da biyan wata takamaiman manufa ba. Suna da niyyar tsarin tsarinsu da manufarsu ta bambanta da na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), wanda suke jayayya cewa gwamnati ce ta dauki nauyin, siyasa, da kuma tunanin cewa sauyin yanayi matsala ce ta bukatar mafita ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.

## Littattafai
A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2008, Singer's Science and Environmental Policy Project (SEPP) da Cibiyar Heartland sun haɗu don samar da "Halitta, Ba Ayyukan Dan Adam ba, Dokokin Yanayi", mai taken "Summary for Policymakers of the Report of the Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change". Rahoton shafi 48 ya lissafa masu ba da gudummawa 24 daga kasashe 14 kuma ya haɗa da gabatarwar Frederick Seitz, ɗaya daga cikin sanannun masana kimiyya a duniya.  (Seitz ya mutu a ranar 2 ga Maris, 2008.) An sake shi a Taron Kasa da Kasa na farko na Heartland kan Canjin Yanayi (ICCC-1) a ranar 2 zuwa 4 ga Maris, 2008

A shekara ta 2008, Singer ya gudanar da yawon shakatawa na kasa da kasa don inganta sabon rahoton. Ya yi magana a abubuwan da suka faru a Netherlands (Yuni 3-4), Brussels-EU (Yuni 5), Jamus (Yuni 6-12), Vienna, Milan, Paris (Yuni 19-20), da Landan (Yuni 22-25). Masu tunani na kasuwa na gida sun shirya waɗannan abubuwan. Heartland ya rarraba kusan 100,000 kofe na Nature, Not Human Activity, Rules the Climate a cikin 2008, kuma an fassara ɗan littafin zuwa Faransanci, Jamusanci, Italiyanci, da Mutanen Espanya.

A cikin al'adar IPCC, NIPCC ta buga "Summary for Policymakers" kafin kammala rahoton. Cikakken rahoto na farko, wanda aka samar tare da sabon abokin tarayya, Cibiyar Nazarin Warming da Canjin Duniya, an sake shi a cikin 2009. An kira shi "Climate Change Reconsidered: The Report of the Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change (NIPCC) ".

A cikin 2011, NIPCC ta samar da rahotonta na uku, "Climate Change Reconsidered: The 2011 Interim Report". Girman ya taƙaita sabon binciken da aka samar bayan ƙayyadadden shigarwa a cikin rahoton 2009 da kuma wasu binciken da aka yi watsi da su lokacin da aka samar da ƙarar farko.

A watan Satumbar 2013, NIPCC ta fitar da Climate Change Reconsidered II: Physical Science, na farko na kundin uku da ke fadadawa da kuma kawo sabunta rahoton asali na 2009 tare da bayar da takaddama ga Kwamitin Gwamnati kan Rahoton Bincike na Biyar na Canjin Yanayi. Har ila yau, a cikin 2013, masana kimiyya huɗu na NIPCC sun samar da Kimiyyar Kimiyya na IPCC na 2013 "Summary for Policymakers".

A cikin shekara ta 2014, an buga kundi na biyu na Climate Change Reconsidered II, mai taken "Biological Impacts". Ya ba da shafuka sama da 1,000 na sake dubawa na binciken kimiyya wanda ya gano tasirin dumamar duniya da mutum ya yi yana da kyau har ma da fa'ida ga bil'adama da duniyar halitta. Har ila yau, a cikin 2014, ƙungiyar masana kimiyya na yanayi karkashin jagorancin Robert M. Carter, marubucin jagorancin NIPCC, sun samar da Commentary and Analysis a kan Whitehead & Associates 2014 NSW Sea-Level Report, gano rahoton Whitehead ba ya ba da jagora mai mahimmanci ga matsalolin rikitarwa na auna, hasashen, da amsawa ga hauhawar matakin teku.

A watan Nuwamba, 2015, NIPCC ta fitar da dalilin da ya sa Masana kimiyya ba su yarda da Warming na Duniya ba: Rahoton NIPCC kan Yarjejeniyar Kimiyya. Marubutan NIPCC guda uku - Craig Idso, Robert M. Carter, da S. Fred Singer - sun bayyana yadda babu wani bincike ko binciken da ya nuna "ma'amala" kan batutuwan kimiyya mafi muhimmanci a cikin muhawara game da canjin yanayi, da kuma yadda yawancin masana kimiyya ba sa goyon bayan ikirarin tsoro na Kwamitin Gwamnati kan Canjin Yanayi. Wannan ɗan gajeren littafi shine na farko na Babi na 2 na ƙarar mai zuwa da na ƙarshe a cikin jerin Canjin Yanayi na II, wanda za a kira shi "Benefits and Costs of Fossil Fuels" wanda aka buga a cikin 2017.

## Ƙungiya
NIPCC wani shiri ne na kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu guda uku masu zaman kansu: Kimiyya da Manufofin Muhalli (SEPP), Cibiyar Nazarin Carbon Dioxide da Canjin Duniya (CO2 Science), da Cibiyar Heartland . Gudummawa ga dukkan kungiyoyi uku yana taimakawa wajen tallafawa aikin.

S. Fred Singer, wanda ya kafa NIPCC, yana aiki a matsayin shugaban da jakadan kungiyar, duk da cewa ya mutu. A matsayinsa na farfesa a fannin kimiyyar muhalli da ya yi ritaya, yana tafiya a duniya tare da sauran masana kimiyya, yana tattauna binciken NIPCC, da kuma daukar sabbin mambobi zuwa kungiyar.

Craig D. Idso, wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban Cibiyar Nazarin Carbon Dioxide da Canjin Duniya, yana jagorantar bincike da rubuce-rubuce don wallafe-wallafen NIPCC. Ya dauki bakuncin shafin yanar gizon CO2Science.org wanda ke nuna sake dubawa na sabon bincike wanda za a gyara don a haɗa shi a cikin fitowar gaba na Canjin Yanayi, kuma yana aiki tare da ƙungiyar ƙasa da ƙasa ta marubuta, editoci, masu ba da gudummawa, da masu bita.

Joseph L. Bast, shugaban Cibiyar Heartland, yana jagorantar bugawa da ƙoƙarin ingantawa na NIPCC. Shi da ma'aikatan Heartland sun gyara kuma sun samar da littattafan NIPCC, sun dauki bakuncin abubuwan da aka saki rahotanni, da kuma tallata kokarin aikin.

## Dubi kuma

* Kwamitin Gwamnati kan Canjin Yanayi

## Manazarta