open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Griot

**griot** (/ˈɡriːoʊ/;  [ɡʁi.o]; Manding: ***' ko ***' (a cikin N'Ko: ː,   ko  a cikin rubutun Faransanci); kuma ana rubuta **Djali**; Serer: paar ko  ko ***' / ***'; Wolof: break) masanin tarihin Afirka ta Yamma ne, mai ba da labari, mawaƙi, da / ko mawaƙi. Griots masanan sadarwa ne da tarihi ta baki, wanda shine al'adar Afirka.

Maimakon rubuta littattafan tarihi, Masana tarihi na baki suna ba da labarun da suka gabata waɗanda suka haddace. Wani lokaci akwai iyalai na masana tarihi, kuma ana ba da tarihin baki daga ƙarni ɗaya zuwa na gaba. Bayyana labarin da ƙarfi yana bawa mai magana damar amfani da tarurruka na waka da kiɗa waɗanda ke jin daɗin masu sauraro. Wannan ya ba da gudummawa ga tarihin baki da yawa da suka tsira na daruruwan shekaru ba tare da an rubuta su ba. 

## Ma'anar asali da ƙamus
Kalmar na iya samo asali ne daga fassarar Faransanci  na kalmar Portuguese , ko kuma kalmar namiji guda ɗaya don 'bawan'. Griots sun fi yawa a yankunan arewacin Afirka ta Yamma.

Duk da muhimmiyar rawar da griot ke takawa a al'adun Afirka, yana da wuya a gano asalin kalmar; saboda haka akwai nau'ikan kalmomin griot a cikin harsunan Afirka. Ana kiran Griot da sunaye da dama:    a yankunan arewacin Mande,  a yankunan kudancin Mande,  a Wolof,  ko  ko  ko kuma  a cikin Serer,     a Pulaar (Fula),  a cikin Hassaniyan,  in Yoruba,  da kuma  ko  a cikin Soninke .  Wasu daga cikin waɗannan na iya samo asali ne daga Larabci ‏ , 'magana, magana'. 

## Matsayi
A tarihi, Griots sun samar da ƙungiyar ƙwararru ko ƙwararrun ƙwararrun,  ma'ana cewa mafi yawansu kawai suna auren 'yan'uwan griots, kuma suna ba da al'adar ba da labari a cikin layin iyali. A baya, dangin griots za su bi dangin sarakuna ko sarakuna, waɗanda suka fi girma a matsayi ga griots. Dukkanin sarakuna suna da griots, kuma duk griots suna da sarakuna, kuma yawancin ƙauyuka suna da nasu griot. Wani griot na ƙauye zai ba da labaran batutuwa ciki har da haihuwa, mutuwa, aure, yaƙe-yaƙe, farauta, al'amuran, da sauran abubuwan da suka faru a rayuwa.

Griots suna da babban alhakin kiyaye labarun kowane kabilanci da iyalai da rai a cikin al'adar baki, tare da labarin tare da kayan kida. Suna da muhimmiyar bangare na abubuwan da suka faru a Yammacin Afirka kamar bukukuwan aure, inda suke raira waƙa da raba tarihin iyali na amarya da ango. Har ila yau, rawar da suke takawa ita ce warware rikice-rikice da kuma aiki a matsayin matsakanci idan akwai rikice-rikicen. Daraja da saba da griot yana nufin cewa za su iya kusantar bangarorin biyu ba tare da an kai musu hari ba, kuma su fara tattaunawar zaman lafiya tsakanin bangarorin adawa.

## Manazarta
Alice na Dunk's Ferry

**Alice na Dunk's Ferry** (ya mutu a shekara ta 1802) ya kasance bawa ne na Afirka, mai karɓar haraji, kuma mai shekaru ɗari  wanda ya kasance "ɗaya daga cikin masana tarihi na baki na farko na Black America". 

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Alice a matsayin bawa a Philadelphia ga iyayen bayi, an kawo su zuwa mulkin mallaka na Arewacin Amurka daga Barbados. Ta yi iƙirarin ranar haihuwar kusan shekara ta 1686, wanda zai sanya ta 116 a lokacin mutuwarta. Ta zauna a Philadelphia har zuwa shekara goma lokacin da aka kai ta Dunk's Ferry a Bucks County, Pennsylvania, kimanin kilomita 17 zuwa Kogin Delaware, inda ta kasance har tsawon rayuwarta. Shekaru 40, ta tattara haraji don haye kogi,  tana aiki ga wani maigidan mai suna Samuel Carpenter, aboki na William Penn.

## Tarihin baki
Alice ta zama sananniya da "Alice of Dunk's Ferry", ta sami suna a matsayin mai rai da kuma mai ban sha'awa wanda ke jin daɗin raba abubuwan da ta tuna tunaninta na farkon shekarunta. Bayan ta ga Philadelphia ta bunkasa daga "ƙauyen kogi na farko zuwa babban birnin sabuwar al'umma", ta zama sanannen masanin tarihin yankin. Jessie Carney Smith ya rubuta cewa:

## Shekaru na ƙarshe da mutuwa
A lokacin da ake zaton shekaru 96-100, Alice a hankali ta rasa idanunta amma, ko da yake makaho, ta kasance mai ƙwarewa wajen kama kifi:  "ba za ta iya zama mara aiki ba".  A kusan shekaru 102, idanunta sun dawo, sun inganta sosai don ta iya fahimtar abubuwa masu motsi, kodayake ba ta iya rarrabe tsakanin mutane ba. Thomas ya ba da rahoton cewa "kafin ta mutu gashin kanta ya zama fari sosai kuma hakoran ta na ƙarshe ya sauka daga kanta yana da shekaru 116". Ta mutu, a cikin 1802, a Bristol, Pennsylvania . 

## Manazarta
José María Amador

**José María Amador** (1794 - 1883) ya kasance ranchero na Californio, mai Ƙasar Zinariya, kuma soja. Amador County da Amador City, duka a cikin Gold Country na California, an sanya musu suna ne bayan Amador, bayan sun sami zinariya a can a 1848.  Har ila yau, shi ne sunan Amador Valley (gida ga biranen Pleasanton da Dublin), wani bangare na Tri-Valley a Alameda County.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haife shi a Presidio na San Francisco, ɗaya daga cikin ƙarami cikin yara goma sha ɗaya na Pedro Amador da Ramona Noriega . Wataƙila ya ba da sunan ranch dinsa na baya bayan mahaifiyarsa da kakan mahaifiyarsa, Ramón Noriega . Ya kasance babban ɗan'uwan Sinforosa Amador (1788-1841).

Ya shafe shekarunsa na farko a matsayin soja da mai bincike, yana aiki a cikin sojojin Mutanen Espanya na Nueva España, 1810-1827, sannan daga 1827 zuwa 1835 ya kasance mayordomo, ko mai gudanarwa, a Ofishin Jakadancin San José . An ba shi kadada 4,400 na ƙasar Ofishin Jakadancin a 1835, wanda ya ba shi suna Rancho San Ramon.

Amador ya yi aure sau uku kuma yana da 'ya'ya 22. Ya gina adobes da yawa a hedikwatar rancho kusa da Alamilla Springs a yau Dublin, California, gami da ado mai hawa biyu wanda James Dougherty ya yi amfani da shi a cikin shekarun 1860, daga baya mai suna Dougherty, Alameda County, California. A hankali ya sayar da ƙasar har sai babu wanda ya rage a lokacin mutuwarsa. Ana iya samun dutsen kabarinsa a Gilroy, California ko a Gidan Tarihi na Dublin da Park.

## Tarihin baki
A shekara ta 1877, yana zaune a Whiskey Hill, Santa Cruz County lokacin da Thomas Savage ya rubuta "Memorias sobre la Historia de California" na Amador wanda ya tsira a matsayin rubutun hannu a cikin Laburaren Bancroft.

## Rancho San Ramon
Tare da ba da California ga Amurka bayan Yaƙin Mexico da Amurka,  ta 1848 ta ba da cewa za a girmama tallafin ƙasa. Kamar yadda Dokar Land ta 1851 ta buƙaci, an gabatar da da'awar Rancho San Ramon tare da Hukumar Kula da Kasa ta Jama'a a 185,  kuma an ba da izini ga Jose Maria Amador a 1865.  Amador a hankali ya sayar da rancho. James Witt Dougherty ya sayi kadada 10,000 (40 ) a 1852.

## Kyautar sunayen ƙasa

Amador ya haƙa ma'adinai a gefen wani kogi marar suna a cikin 1848 da 1849. Kasancewarsa ta ba da sunansa ga rafin, ƙauyuka biyu a bakin kogin, kuma, a cikin 1854, sabuwar gundumar.

## Manazarta
José María Amorrortu

**José María Amorrortu Prieto** (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1953) tsohon dan wasan kwallon kafa ne kuma manajan Spain.

## Ayyukan wasa
An haife shi a Bilbao, Biscay, Amorrortu ya sanya hannu tare da Athletic Bilbao a lokacin rani na 1973 daga makwabta CD Getxo. Ya ci gaba da yin wasanni biyar a La Liga tare da tsohon kulob din, inda ya fara bugawa a ranar 2 ga Satumba 1973 a wasan da ya yi da RC Celta na Vigo. Ya kara da wasanni 11 a wasan da ya zo na biyu a gasar cin Kofin UEFA ta 1976-77, inda ya samu nasarar 2-1 a gida a kan Juventus FC a kashi na biyu na wasan karshe.

Bayan wasanni 13 kawai a cikin yakin 1977-78, Amorrortu ya sanya hannu tare da Real Zaragoza kuma a cikin babban rukuni. Ya zira kwallaye goma mafi kyau (a matakin kwararru) a shekararsa ta farko, amma tawagarsa za ta iya kammala a matsayi na 14; har sai da ya yi ritaya a 1983, yana da shekaru 30, ya yi gasa ne kawai a wannan matakin.

## Ayyukan horarwa
Amorrortu ya fara aiki a matsayin koci nan da nan bayan ya yi ritaya, ya shafe shekaru goma na farko a Segunda División B ko ƙasa kuma yana aiki a matakin matasa, musamman tare da Athletic Bilbao, inda aka yaba masa don kawo Fernando Llorente zuwa kulob din. Lokacinsa na farko a matakin kwararru ya kasance 1994-95, lokacin da yake kula da Bilbao Athletic a Segunda División . Bugu da ƙari, ya yi ɗan gajeren lokaci a matsayin mai kula da babban tawagar su a 1995 da 1996.

Bayan barin Athletic, Amorrortu ya zama manajan SD Eibar kuma daga Basque Country (na biyu), ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da Real Sociedad a ranar 3 ga Yuni 2004  kuma an kore shi a ƙarshen Janairu 2006.  Daga 2006 har zuwa 2011 ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan makarantar Atletico Madrid  kafin ya koma wannan rawar a Athletic Bilbao,  ya tashi a ƙarshen 2018 lokacin da aka zabi Aitor Elizegi a matsayin shugaban kasa kuma ya aiwatar da canje-canjen ma'aikata.

Amorrortu ya kuma shafe lokaci a matsayin kocin kungiyar yankin Basque Country ba bisa ka'ida ba, wanda ya kuma fito da shi kuma ya zira kwallaye a matsayin dan wasa.

## Daraja

### Mai kunnawa
**Wasanni na Bilbao**

* Kofin Sarki na biyu: 1976-77 
* Wanda ya ci gaba da cin Kofin UEFA: 1976-77 

## Manazarta
Cornelia Walker Bailey

**Cornelia Walker Bailey** (12 ga Yuni, 1945 - 15 ga Oktoba, 2017) ta kasance mai ba da labari, marubuciya, kuma masanin tarihi wanda ya yi aiki don adana al'adun Geechee-Gullah na tsibirin Sapelo, Jojiya .

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Bailey a ranar 12 ga Yuni, 1945, ga Hicks Walker da Hettie Bryant . Ta kasance zuriyar Bilali Muhammad, bawa kuma Musulmi daga Yammacin Afirka, wanda ya yi aiki a gonar Thomas Spalding. An haifi Bilali Muhammad a wani lokaci tsakanin 1760 da 1770s a Timbo, Guinea . Yana da shekaru 14 lokacin da aka kama shi a yakin kabilanci, ya bautar kuma aka kai shi Nassau, Bahamas, inda fararen manomi Thomas Spalding na saya shi kuma ya kai shi tsibirin Sapelo a 1803. A shekara ta 1810, ya kula da duk ayyukan da ke kan gonar, gami da bayi 500. Ya kuma kawo rubutun Musulunci na farko da aka sani zuwa Amurka ta hanyar kama shi, takarda mai shafi 13 na dokar Musulmi da addu'a da aka rubuta a farkon karni na 19.

Mahaifin Bailey, Hicks Walker, sau da yawa yana aiki ga magajin taba RJ Reynolds Jr. a gidan Reynolds a tsibirin Sapelo. Gidan ya kasance tsakiya na gonar Thomas Spalding.

Bailey ta girma ne a cikin ƙauyen Belle Marsh a tsibirin Sapelo, ɗaya daga cikin al'ummomi da yawa waɗanda suka gano al'adunsu ga bayin da aka 'yantar da su waɗanda suka sayi ƙasa a tsibirin da aka ware.

## Ayyuka
Bailey ta bar tsibirin Sapelo na ɗan lokaci don zama tare da dangi a Tsibirin St. Simons, sannan ta zauna a Hog Hammock a lokacin da ta dawo tsibirin a shekarar 1966. Bailey ta gudanar da gidan baƙi a can, The Wallow Lodge, tare da mijinta Julius "Frank" Bailey da 'ya'yansu bakwai.

Ta yi alfahari da gadonta, wanda ta bayyana musamman da Saltwater Geechee. Ta yi aiki don adanawa da kuma rubuta labaran Geechee-Gullah da hanyoyin rayuwa a gaban raguwar yawan jama'a da kuma karuwar ci gaban gidaje - wani yanayi da ke kawo fararen fata masu arziki gina manyan gidajen hutu a tsibirin baƙar fata na tarihi.  Ta koyar da sana'o'in hannu da kanta ta koya daga mahaifinta: saƙa a kwando, saka raga, tattara ganye, da kuma ungozoma.  An san ta a yankin a matsayin mai fafutuka, mai ba da labari kuma masanin tarihi na Tsibirin Sapelo. 

Bailey ta yi tafiya zuwa Saliyo a shekarar 1989, inda ta binciki alaƙar da ke tsakanin tsibirin Sapelo da al'adun Afirka ta Yamma. Ta lura da irin wannan nau'ikan gine-ginen gargajiya, da kuma irin wannan dabarun noma da salon dafa abinci.

## Manazarta
Jeannine Baker

**Jeannine Baker** masanin tarihin Australiya ce. Ta ƙware a tarihin kafofin watsa labarai na mata kuma Malami ne a cikin Media da Sadarwa a Jami'ar Newcastle, Ostiraliya.

## Rayuwa
Baker ya kammala BA a cikin Sadarwar Jama'a daga Jami'ar Macquarie da MA a Tarihin Jama'a a Jami'ar Fasaha, Sydney . Ta kammala digirin digirgir a tarihin Australiya a Jami'ar Melbourne a shekarar 2014. Rubutun ta, game da 'yan jaridar yaki na mata na Australiya a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, an ba ta kyautar Dennis-Wettenhall don mafi kyawun rubutun digiri a Tarihin Australiya. Daga baya aka buga shi a matsayin *Australian Women War Reporters: Boer War to Vietnam.*

Baker ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai tambayoyin tarihin baki kuma ya yi shirye-shiryen tarihi don talabijin da rediyo, gami da Our Drowned Town (SBS TV, 2001) game da ambaliyar garin New South Wales na Adaminaby don Snowy Mountains Scheme, Holding a Tiger by the Tail: Jessie Litchfield (Earshot, ABC Radio National, 2015), game da editan jaridar Darwin kuma ɗan jarida Jessie Litcfield. da kuma Fler da Modernist Impulse (Hindsight, ABC Radio National, 2011), game da kamfanin ƙirar kayan gida na Melbourne Fler da tasirin zamani a gidan Australiya.

## Littattafai

* Baker, J. Australian Women War Reporters: Boer War to Vietnam . Sydney: NewSouth, 2015 
* Arrow M, Baker J, da Monagle C (eds), Small Screens: Essays in Contemporary Australian Television . Melbourne: Monash University Press, 2016.
* [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 2021]. Mata da suka yi gidan talabijin na Australiya: Farawar Talabijin . National Film and Sound Archive of Australia, https://www.nfsa.gov.au/latest/women-who-made-australian-television-1-beginnings-television
* Arnold, S., McCabe, J., Andrews, K., Badenoch, A., Baker, J., Ball, V., Hendriks, E., Jackson, V., Murphy, K., Sahu, I., Skoog, K., Terkanian, K., & Warner, H. (*20*). Tarihin watsa shirye-shiryen mata da tarihin: Ƙungiyoyin ƙasa, na ƙasa da na ƙasa. *Nazarin Kyakkyawan Talabijin*, 20 (2), 240-266.

## Manazarta
Nick Mangold

**Nicholas Allan Mangold** (Janairu 13, 1984 - Oktoba 25, 2025) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kwashe tsawon aikinsa na tsawon shekaru 11 a matsayin cibiya tare da New York Jets na National Football League (NFL). Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Buckeyes na Jihar Ohio kuma Jets ne suka zabe shi a zagayen farko na daftarin 2006 NFL.
## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Mangold a ranar 13 ga Janairu, 1984. Ya girma a Centerville, Ohio, kuma ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Archbishop a Kettering, inda ya kasance marubuci a ƙwallon ƙafa, kokawa da waƙa da filin. A cikin kwallon kafa, ya kasance mai farawa na shekaru uku akan duka laifuka da tsaro; a matsayinsa na babba, ya sami karramawar All-Ohio. Ya kuma sami haruffa uku a fagen kokawa da biyu a tsere da fage, yana fafatawa a fagen harbi.

Mangold bai kasance cikin matsayi ta hanyar ɗaukar ayyuka kamar Rivals.com da Scout.com ba, amma ya taka leda a cikin 2002 US Army All-American Bowl.
## Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa
An haifi Mangold ga Vernon da Therese Mangold.Shi ne ɗan fari a cikin yara huɗu kuma yana da ƙanne mata uku: Kelley, Holley (mai ɗaukar nauyi na Olympics) da Maggey.

Ya fito daga gari ɗaya ne kamar yadda ’yan uwansa tsofaffin ɗaliban Jihar Ohio Mike Nugent da A. J. Hawk suka yi.Mangold da Nugent daga baya sun kasance abokan aiki tare da Jets na New York.

Mangold ya auri Jennifer Richmond, masoyiyarsa a makarantar sakandare, a cikin Afrilu 2007, kuma ma'auratan sun haifi 'ya'ya hudu. Iyalin sun zauna a Chatham, New Jersey, yayin kwanakin wasansa kuma suka ƙaura zuwa Madison, New Jersey, bayan ya yi ritaya daga NFL, inda ya horar da ƙwallon ƙafa na matasa.Mangold ya halarci ayyukan agaji daban-daban a tsawon aikinsa. Ya bayyana a Nunin Kunnawa akan Howard 100 bayan watsa shirye-shiryen Howard Stern Show a ranar 30 ga Afrilu, 2009. Ya yi yakin neman zabe tare da dan takarar shugaban kasa na Republican Mitt Romney a 2012. Ya bayyana kusan a ranar 22 ga Janairu, 2021 na shirin wasan talabijin Bari Mu Yi Ma'amala.

A ranar 14 ga Oktoba, 2025, Mangold ya yi kira ga jama'a a kafofin watsa labarun don ba da gudummawar koda, yana mai bayyana cewa yana fama da cutar koda tun 2006.Duk da haka, ya mutu daga cututtukan koda a ranar 25 ga Oktoba yana da shekaru 41.
#### MANAZARTA
Cibiyar West Point don Tarihin Magana

**Cibiyar West Point don Tarihin Magana** tana ɗaya daga cikin Cibiyoyin Kwalejin Sojojin Amurka don Kyau. Wannan Cibiyar ta sadaukar da kanta ga kama labarin sojan Amurka a cikin yaki da zaman lafiya. Ba kamar sauran tarihin baki ba, Cibiyar West Point don Tarihin Magana ita ce tarihin bidiyo wanda ke yin rikodin tambayoyin ta amfani da fasahar bidiyo ta zamani kuma tana samar da fina-finai ta amfani da hotunan su.

## Tarihi

Cibiyar Tarihin Magana ta fara ne a cikin 2008 ta Colonel Lance Betros, a lokacin shugaban sashen tarihin West Point. Daraktan da ya kafa shi ne ɗan jarida kuma marubuci Todd Brewster, wanda ya yi aiki a wannan matsayin daga 2008 zuwa 2013. Brewster ya kasance memba na kwamitin ba da shawara na Cibiyar, wanda ya haɗa da Ken Burns, Sebastian Junger, Martha Raddatz, Brent Scowcroft, da Jack Jacobs. Cibiyar ta ƙaddamar da shi a hukumance a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2011 tare da shafin yanar gizon da fim dinta na farko, Into Harm's Way . Wannan fim din ya fito ne daga The Documentary Group, kamfanin samar da fina-finai na Birnin New York wanda Tom Yellin da Kayce Freed Jennings suka kafa, tare da Brewster yana aiki a matsayin Babban Mai gabatarwa na aikin.

## Tarin
Cibiyar ta ƙunshi daruruwan tambayoyin daga sojoji, masu tsara manufofi, 'yan siyasa, da sauransu waɗanda rayuwarsu ta taɓa sana'ar makamai. Batutuwan hira a halin yanzu sun haɗa da tsoffin sojan yakin duniya na farko, yakin duniya na biyu, Koriya, Vietnam, Desert Storm, Bosnia, da rikice-rikicen da suka faru a Iraki da Afghanistan.

## Dubi kuma

* A cikin Hanyar Harm (2013, Bayani) 
* Tarihin Magana
* Todd Brewster
* Kwalejin Soja ta Amurka

## Manazarta
Satish Shah

**Satish Ravilal Shah** (25 Yuni 1951 - 25 Oktoba 2025) ɗan wasan Indiya ne kuma ɗan wasan barkwanci, wanda aka fi sani da fitattun ayyukan barkwanci a cikin fina-finai kamar su Jaane Bhi Do Yaaro (1983), Main Hoon Na (2004), Kal Ho Naa Ho (2003), Fanaa (2006) kamar Yemi Om00, da kuma Om0007 da Om00. Zindagi (1984), da Sarabhai vs Sarabhai (2004) wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta ITA a matsayin Mafi kyawun Jarumi a cikin rawar barkwanci da lambar yabo ta Indiya Telly Award don Mafi kyawun Jarumi a cikin rawar barkwanci.

A cikin 2008, ya yanke hukunci game da Comedy Circus tare da Archana Puran Singh. A cikin 2015, an nada shi memba na Cibiyar Fim da Talabijin ta Indiya (FTII).
## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Satish Shah a Mumbai, Maharashtra, a ranar 25 ga Yuni 1951. Iyalin mahaifinsa sun fito ne daga Mandvi, Gujarat. Ya yi karatunsa a makarantar New Era da ke Mumbai sannan ya kammala karatunsa a Kwalejin St. Xavier, Mumbai. Shi tsohon dalibi ne na Cibiyar Fina-Finai da Talabijin ta Indiya da ke Pune, inda ya samu horo na musamman kan wasan kwaikwayo.
## Rayuwa ta sirri
Satish Shah ya auri mai zane Madhu Shah a shekara ta 1982. Duk da haka ma'auratan ba su da 'ya'ya.

A cikin Janairu 2023, yayin da yake tafiya zuwa Burtaniya, Shah ya buga wani tweet akan X, yana kwatanta ma'aikatan filin jirgin sama na Heathrow suna tambayar yadda Shah zai iya samun kujerar aji na farko, wanda ya amsa da murmushin alfahari "saboda mu Indiyawa ne" Yayin da masu amfani da shafin twitter da dama ke yabawa Shah saboda tsayawa tsayin daka kan wannan magana, yawancin masu amfani da shafin twitter sun soki halin wariyar launin fata na ma'aikatan filin jirgin sama, kuma asusun X na filin jirgin sama na Heathrow ya mayar da martani ga sakon da Shah ya wallafa a shafinsa na twitter tare da neman gafarar haduwar su.
## Rashin lafiya da Mutuwa
Yayin cutar ta COVID-19 a cikin 2020, Satish Shah ya kamu da COVID-19. An kwantar da shi a Asibitin Lilavati da ke Mumbai a ranar 20 ga Yuli kuma an sallame shi a ranar 28 ga Yuli bayan ya murmure sosai. 

A ranar 25 ga Oktoba 2025, Shah ya mutu sakamakon bugun zuciya yana da shekaru 74.An kona shi a wannan rana, kuma manyan mashahurai da yawa sun halarci bikinsa na ƙarshe. Abokan aikinsa da furodusan Sarabhai vs Sarabhai sun rera taken wasan kwaikwayon a matsayin girmamawa a gare shi a lokacin kona shi.

## Manazarta
Imperium (tsarin wasa)

Imperium: The Cicero Plays wani mataki ne na daidaitawa na Cicero trilogy na litattafan Robert Harris (Imperium, *Lustrum* da Dictator). Kamfanin Royal Shakespeare ne ya fara gabatar da shi a Stratford-upon-Avon" id="mwEg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Swan Theatre, Stratford-upon-Avon">Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Swan a Stratford-upon-Avon daga 16 ga Nuwamba 2017 zuwa 10 ga Fabrairu 2018, Landan Gregory Doran ya jagoranta tare da Richard McCabe a matsayin Cicero .  An buga shi a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Gielgud a London daga 14 ga Yuni zuwa 8 ga Satumba 2018. 

## Takaitaccen Bayani
Tsarin ya kunshi wasanni shida, kowannensu kusan sa'a daya, an yi shi a cikin rukuni biyu na uku, duk an ba da labarin ta hanyar bawa na Cicero kuma daga baya mai 'yanci Tiro.

### Sashe na I - Mai Makirci
Ƙungiyar farko ta ƙunshi wasan kwaikwayo *Cicero*, *Catiline* da *Clodius* . Ya haɗa da ɗan gajeren bayani game da gurfanar da Cicero ya yi wa Verres a cikin 70 BC amma galibi yana gudana daga yakin neman zabe na Cicero don mai ba da shawara a cikin 64 BC har zuwa gudun hijira a cikin 58 BC, daidaita kayan daga ƙarshen Imperium, duk *Lustrum* da farkon Dictator.

### Sashe na II - Mai mulkin kama karya
Ƙungiyar ta biyu ta daidaita ragowar Dictator a cikin wasanni uku da ake kira Kaisar, Mark Anthony da Octavian . Na farko ya buɗe yayin da Cicero ya koma Italiya bayan nasarar Kaisar a Pharsalus a cikin 48 BC, wanda ya biyo bayan jimlar Yaƙin basasa na baya-bayan nan da kuma zaton Kaisar na Ikon mulkin kama karya. Sauran wasannin uku sun biyo bayan martani na Cicero ga Ides na Maris da yunkurin da ya gaza don ceton Jamhuriyar Roma ta hanyar buga Mark Anthony da Octavian da juna, wanda ya kai ga hukuncin kisa na Cicero a 43 BC. Wasan karshe ya ƙare tare da wani labari na Tiro, wanda ya rufe makomar Brutus, Cassius, Octavian da Mark Anthony da kuma tunanin rayuwar Cicero bayan kalmomi daga nasa Dream of Scipio.

## Manazarta
Guy Beiner

**Guy Beiner** (Ibraniyawa) ɗan tarihi ne ɗan Isra'ila na ƙarshen zamani tare da ƙwarewa a Tarihin Irish da Nazarin ƙwaƙwalwa ajiya. Shi ne Sullivan Chair of Irish Studies a Kwalejin Boston.

## Ayyukan ilimi
An haifi Guy Beiner kuma ya girma a Urushalima kuma daga baya ya koma kibbutz Glil Yam . Bayan ya yi tafiya zuwa kasashen waje, ya koma yankin Negev. Beiner ta kammala karatu a Jami'ar Tel Aviv kuma tana da PhD daga Kwalejin Jami'ar Dublin (UCD). Ya kasance Masanin Gwamnatin Ireland a UCD, Kwamitin Bincike na Irish na Humanities da Social Sciences (IRCHSS) Fellow a Kwalejin Trinity Dublin, mai ba da gudummawa na kasa don Humanities (NEH) Fellow na Cibiyar Keough-Naughton don Nazarin Irish a Jami'ar Notre Dame, Gwamnatin Hungary Fellow a Jami'iyyar Tsakiyar Turai a Budapest, Gerda Henkel Marie Curie Fellow a Faculty of History na Jami'ar Oxford, abokin bincike na Kwalejin St Catherine, Oxford da Burns.

## Bincike
Binciken Beiner ya fi mayar da hankali ga nazarin tunawa da manta a Tarihin zamani, tare da wani sha'awa a Ireland. Ya kuma wallafa a kan wasu batutuwa, gami da Tarihin baki, annobar mura ta 1918-19,  da tarihin ta'addanci. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ya fi mayar da hankali kan ci gaba da nazarin tarihi na "mantuwar zamantakewa". Ayyukansa na ilimi sun bambanta da sababbin tambayoyin da ba na al'ada ba waɗanda aka samo daga al'adun gargajiya da kuma al'adun al'adu. Ya haɓaka kalmar "tarihin tarihi" (maimakon ƙwaƙwalwar jama'a) don fadada ikon binciken tarihi na tushen da ba na hukuma ba da kuma bincika hanyoyin hulɗa na al'adun baki tare da shahararrun bugawa da sauran kafofin watsa labarai daban-daban, gami da al'adun gani da kayan aiki. Ya yi kira akai-akai don sake tunani game da manufar al'adar da aka kirkira, kamar yadda aka fara gabatar da shi a cikin tarin rubutun da Eric Hobsbawm da Terence Ranger suka shirya. 

## Karɓar karɓa mai mahimmanci
Littafinsa Remembering the Year of the French: Irish Folk History and Social Memory (Jami'ar Wisconsin Press: Madison, 2007; paperback 2009)  ya lashe kyaututtuka da yawa na kasa da kasa, gami da Kyautar Ratcliff ta 2007 don "muhimmancin gudummawa daga mutum zuwa nazarin Folklore ko Folk Life a Burtaniya da Ireland"  da kuma Kyautar Wayland D. Hand ta 2008 don fitaccen wallafe-wallafen tarihi da al'adu.  Ya kasance dan wasan karshe na 2008 National Council on Public History (NCPH) Book Award, an yaba da shi don "babban gudummawa a fannin tarihin jama'a da manufofi", kuma an jera shi don Kyautar Cundill ta Duniya ta 2008 don littafin da aka ƙaddara don samun zurfin tasirin wallafe-wallafen, zamantakewa da ilimi a fannin tarihi.

## Manazarta
Julius Caesar (fim na 1950)

***Julius Kaisar*** fim ne na 1950 wanda aka yi amfani da shi daga wasan kwaikwayon Shakespeare *Julius Kaisar* tare da Charlton Heston . Fim na farko na wasan tare da sauti, David Bradley ne ya samar da shi kuma ya ba da umarni ta amfani da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo daga yankin Chicago. Heston, wanda ya san Bradley tun yana saurayi, kuma wanda ke kafa kansa a talabijin da wasan kwaikwayo a Birnin New York, ya nuna Mark Antony. Shi kadai ne wanda aka biya shi. Bradley da kansa ya buga Brutus, kuma Harold Tasker yana da matsayi na farko.

## Makirci

## Masu ba da labari

* Charlton Heston a matsayin Mark Antony
* David Bradley a matsayin Brutus
* Harold Tasker a matsayin Julius Kaisar
* Bob Holt a matsayin Octavius Kaisar

An harbe fim din 16 mm a 1949 a wurare da yawa a kusa da yankin Chicago, gami da Filin Soja, Gidan Tarihi da Masana'antu, Gidan Gidan Tarihin Halitta, ofishin gidan waya na gari, da kuma Elks National Veterans Memorial . [1] An yi amfani da yashi na Indiana a kan Tafkin Michigan don yakin Filibi.[2] An gina wani tsari na cikin gida a yankin Chicago na Evanston . Don adana kuɗi, an harbe kusan kashi 80% na fim ɗin a shiru, tare da tattaunawar da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo suka yi.

## Saki
Bayan da aka fara shi a Evanston a 1950, fim din yana da iyakantaccen rarraba a Amurka, inda aka fi nuna shi a makarantu da kwalejoji. A shekara ta 1951, an buga shi a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Edinburgh,  sannan aka buɗe shi a Birnin New York a ƙarshen 1952. An nuna fim din a bikin fina-finai na Locarno a 1953 inda ya ɗaure don matsayi na farko don kyautar farko. Bisa ga nunawa mai zaman kansa a Hollywood, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer ya hayar da Bradley a matsayin mai ba da umarni a shekarar 1950.

Shekaru ashirin bayan haka, Heston ya sake taka rawar da ya taka a matsayin Mark Antony a cikin *[[Julius Caesar (fim na 1970)|Julius Kaisar]]* da *Antony da Cleopatra* .

### Karɓar karɓa mai mahimmanci
Bayan bude fim din a Birnin New York, The New York Times ya yaba da "kamfani na masu sana'a" tare da ba da "halayyar hoto" ga wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya.

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin fina-finai na wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi
* Jerin fina-finai da aka kafa a Roma ta dā
*  (fim na 1953) 
* ''Julius Kaisar'' (fim na 1970)

## Manazarta
Jerin haruffa na Roma (jerin talabijin)

Wannan jerin haruffa ne daga jerin HBO na Roma . An lura da adadi na tarihi wanda wasu haruffa suka dogara da su inda ya dace.

## Babban aikin
Wadannan suna cikin ƙididdigar buɗewa lokacin da suka bayyana, tare da Kevin McKidd, Ray Stevenson, Polly Walker, Kerry Condon da James Purefoy kawai suna bayyana a kowane labari. McKidd da Stevenson sun sauya kuɗin da aka biya.

## Manazarta
Doki na Oktoba

The October Horse shi ne littafi na shida a cikin jerin Colleen McCullough's Masters of Rome .  An fara buga shi a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2002 ta Century a Burtaniya da Simon &amp;amp; Schuster a Amurka.

## Gabatarwa
Littafin ya fara ne da yakin Masar na Gaius Julius Kaisar a Alexandria, yaƙe-yaƙe na ƙarshe tare da 'yan Republican karkashin jagorancin Metellus Scipio, Cato the Younger, Titus Labienus da' yan uwan Pompeius a Afirka da Spain, kuma a ƙarshe kisan Kaisar a Ides na Maris da Marcus Brutus, Gaius Cassius da Liberators. Matakan ƙarshe na The October Horse ya ba da labarin mutuwar Cicero, fitowar Octavian da yaƙe-yaƙe da Mark Antony, kuma ya ƙare da Yaƙin Filibus.

### Bayani game da taken littafin
Taken littafin ya fito ne daga tseren karusa na musamman a Roma a kan Ides na Oktoba, bayan haka aka miƙa hadaya da doki na hannun dama na ƙungiyar da ta ci nasara ga gumakan Romawa. Sa'an nan ƙungiyoyi biyu, ɗaya daga Subura ɗayan kuma daga Via Sacra, sun yi gasa don kan doki. Julius Kaisar, mafi kyawun doki na yaƙi a Roma, yana wakiltar Doki na Oktoba a cikin wannan labari.

## Haruffa a cikin ''Doki na Oktoba''

* Gaius Julius Kaisar,
* Cleopatra,
* Mark Antony,
* Marcus Tullius Cicero,
* Gaius Octavius Daga baya Augustus,
* Marcus Aemilius Lepidus,
* Marcus Junius Brutus,
* Gaius Cassius Longinus,
* Marcus Porcius Cato the Younger,
* Caesarion, ɗan Julius Kaisare,
* Servilia, uwargidan Kaisar,
* Publius Cornelius Dollabella,
* Titus Labienus,
* Porcia Catonis, matar Marcus Brutus
* Farnace II,
* Lucius Julius Kaisar,
* Atia, mahaifiyar Octavius
* Lucius Marcius Philippus, mahaifin Octavius
* Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus

## Bayani game da fitarwa

* 2002, Burtaniya, Century Press ( ), kwanan wata 7 ga Nuwamba 2002, hardback (Fabatarwa ta farko) 
* 2003, Burtaniya, Littattafan Arrow ( ), kwanan wata? ? 2003, takarda  
* 2003, Amurka, Littattafan Aljihu ( ), kwanan wata? Nuwamba 2003, takarda 
* 2003, Burtaniya, Littattafan Arrow ( ), kwanan wata 7 ga Agusta 2003, takarda

## Karɓar baƙi
Kirkus Reviews ya ce littafin "mai ban sha'awa ne kuma mai gamsarwa game da wasu ainihin halittu na tarihi". 

## Manazarta
Yaduwar Eagle

The Spread of the Eagle wani sashi ne na sashi tara na jerin wasannin tarihi guda uku na William Shakespeare, Coriolanus, Julius Kaisar, da Antony da Cleopatra, wanda BBC ta samar a 1963. An yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar nasarar An Age of Kings (1960), wanda bai iya yin gasa ba.[1] An kuma watsa abubuwan a Jamus ta Yamma a cikin 1968-69 da kuma a cikin 1972.[2]

An rubuta jerin kai tsaye zuwa fim, don haka BBC Film Library ta adana su, ma'ana duk abubuwan da suka faru har yanzu suna nan.

## Abubuwan da suka faru

### "Jarima'in"

* Farko da aka watsa: 10 ga Mayu 1963
* Lokacin gudu: minti 50
* Abun ciki: *Coriolanus*, Ayyukan Manzanni II, III, da IV.

**Masu ba da labari**
 

### "Muryar"

* Farko da aka watsa: 3 ga Mayu 1963
* Lokacin gudu: minti 50
* Abun ciki: *Coriolanus*, Ayyukan I da II.

**Masu ba da labari**

## Manazarta
Winifred Emily Rees

**Winifred Emily Rees** (née Davis) (16 ga Mayu 1900 - 23 ga Mayu 1976)  marubuciya ce 'yar Birtaniya, mawaƙiya, mai tsara waƙoƙin halitta, kuma malamar makaranta wadda daga baya ta ƙaura zuwa Kanada.  Ɗaliban ta sun haɗa da Paul Anka .

An haifi Rees a Landan, inda ta yi karatu tare da Edwin Crusha, Mabel Floyd, Frank Griggs, da Greta Harrison. Ta halarci Makarantar Kiɗa da Wasan Kwaikwayo ta Guildhall tsawon shekaru shida, da kuma Jami'ar Landan na tsawon shekara ɗaya,  inda ta sami takardar shaidar Associate (ARCM) da Licensiate (LRAM) daga Kwalejin Kiɗa ta Royal (London), da kuma Licensite (LGSM) daga Makarantar Kiɗa da Wasan Kwaikwayo ta Guildhall. 

Rees ta ƙaura zuwa Ottawa, Kanada, inda ta koyar da piano kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai koyar da organ na coci tsawon shekaru goma. 

## Ayyuka
Kamfanin Bridge Music da Kamfanin Lorenz Publishing Company (wanda a yau Kamfanin Lorenz ne) ne suka buga ayyukan Rees, kuma sun haɗa da:

### Yi littafi

* *Littafin Ka'ida* 

### Gabar gaɓa

* *A Toye *

* *Cavatina *

* *Ci gaba 28 Maris* 

### Murya

* "Yesu Mai Albarka Yana Amsa Addu'a" 

* "Allah ne Amsar" 

* "Rubutu" (rubutu daga William Blake ) 

* "Mu Yabe Ka" 

* "Iska Ta Tafiye-tafiyen Zaitun" 

## Manazarta
Dormer Andrews

**Sir Dormer George (Bob) Andrews** (8 ga Afrilu 1919 - 28 ga Yuni 2004) alkali ne a Queensland, Ostiraliya. Shi ne Babban Alkali na Kotun Koli ta Queensland.

## Ilimi da aikin soja
An haifi Andrews a Brisbane. Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Jihar Taringa da Kwalejin St Joseph, Nudgee kafin ya yi rajista a Jami'ar Queensland a shekarar 1939. A shekarar 1940, ya shiga rundunar sojojin sama ta Royal Air Force, da farko a lamba 61 OTU a Birtaniya sannan kuma a lamba 127 Squadron a Yammacin Hamada. A watan Oktoban 1942, an harbi jirgin yakin guguwa da yake tashi da shi kuma ya samu munanan raunuka wanda ya yi sanadiyyar rasa hannunsa na hagu. Italiyawa sun tsare shi a fursuna har sai da aka 'yantar da shi aka mayar da shi gida a watan Yunin 1943.

Ya ci gaba da karatunsa na jami'a kuma ya kammala karatunsa na farko a fannin fasaha a shekarar 1944 da kuma digiri na farko a fannin shari'a a shekarar 1947.

## Aikin shari'a
Ya yi rubuce-rubuce a kamfanin Williams and Williams kuma an ɗauke shi a matsayin lauya a shekarar 1947. Wannan shine lokacin da ya fara aiki a mashayar Queensland na tsawon shekaru 11 masu zuwa.

An naɗa shi alkali a Kotun Gundumar Queensland a watan Afrilun 1959, sannan kuma a matsayin alkali a Kotun Koli ta Queensland a watan Mayun 1971.

A shekarar 1982, duk da cewa shi ne alkalin kotun na tara mafi girma a kotun, shi ne firaministan ƙasar Joh Bjelke-Petersen ya zaɓi a matsayin babban alkalin. Wannan zaɓen ya sami suka sosai daga jam'iyyar Liberal, kuma an naɗa Walter Campbell a matsayin ɗan takarar sulhu.

A shekarar 1985, Campbell ya bar Kotun Koli don ya karɓi naɗin gwamnan jihar, aka kuma naɗa Andrews a matsayin Babban Alkali.

Ya yi ritaya a shekarar 1989 lokacin da ya kai shekarun ritaya na doka da shekaru 70.

## Daraja
An naɗa Andrews a matsayin jarumi a shekarar 1987  kuma ya sami lambar yabo ta ƙarni a shekarar 2001.

## Duba kuma

* Hukumar Shari'a ta Ostiraliya
* Jerin Alkalan Kotun Koli ta Queensland

## Makarantar
Art Metrano

**Arthur Metrano** (Satumba 22, 1936 - Satumba 8, 2021) ɗan wasan Amurka ne. An san shi don matsayinsa na Lt./Capt./Cmdt. Mauser a Makarantar 'Yan Sanda 2: Aikinsu na Farko da Makarantar 'Yan Sanda 3: Komawa Horarwa.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Asalinsa daga Brooklyn, Birnin New York, Metrano ya zauna a Aventura, Florida, tare da matarsa ta biyu Jamie Golder. Ya haifi 'ya'ya hudu. An haife shi ga uba Bayahude Baturke da kuma uwa Bayahudiya Bature. Bayan ya yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, Metrano ya mallaki shagon yogurt.

A ranar 17 ga Satumba, 1989, Metrano ya karya wuyansa kuma ya ji masa rauni sosai bayan ya fado daga wani tsani yayin da yake aiki a gidansa. Da farko mai quadriplegic daga baya ya dawo da amfani da hannayensa da kafafunsa, kuma ya sami damar yin tafiya mai nisa tare da taimakon crutches, kodayake yana amfani da keken guragu akai-akai.

## Mutuwa
Metrano ya mutu saboda dalilai na halitta a ranar 8 gap Satumba, 2021, a gidansa da ke Aventura, Florida yana da shekaru 84.

## Manazarta
Ethan Bullemor

**Ethan Bullemor** (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Fabrairu 2000) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙungiyar rugby ta Australiya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin prop ƙungiyar Manly Warringah Sea Eagles a gasar Rugby ta ƙasa (NRL).

Ya taɓa bugawa Brisbane Broncos a NRL.

## Bayani
An haifi Bullemor a Emerald, Queensland, amma ya girma a Springsure, Queensland . Bullemor ya halarci Kwalejin St Joseph, Nudgee inda ya sami nasarar OP 1 kuma ya buga wasa a gasar Rugby ta XV ta farko.

## Sana'ar wasa
Bullemor ya fara buga wasa a aji na farko a zagaye na 2 na kakar wasa ta NRL ta 2020 a Brisbane Broncos da South Sydney tun daga benci. 

Ya buga wasanni 8 a Brisbane a kakar wasa ta NRL ta 2020, inda kulob din ya kare a teburin kuma ya lashe kofin katako.

A zagaye na 6 na kakar wasa ta NRL ta 2021, Bullemor ya zira ƙwallonsa ta farko mafi kyau a wasan da aka sha kashi a hannun 20-12.

A zagaye na 16 na kakar NRL ta 2021, Bullemor ya yi tsere sama da mita 100 a wasa a karon farko a rayuwarsa, sannan ya zira kwallaye na biyu a tarihin rayuwarsa a wasan da suka yi nasara da ci 26-18 a kan Cronulla-Sutherland . [undefined] A zagaye na 1 na kakar NRL ta 2022, Bullemor ya fara buga wa Manly wasa a wasan da suka sha kashi da ci 28-6 a hannun Penrith, inda ya ci kwallo daya.[1] Bullemor ya buga wa Manly wasanni 12 a kakar NRL ta 2022, inda kungiyar ta kare a matsayi na 11 a teburi. [2]

### 2023
Bullemor ya buga wa Manly wasanni 23 a kakar wasa ta NRL ta 2023, inda kulob din ya kare a matsayi na 12 a teburi, kuma bai buga wasan karshe ba.

### 2024
Bullemor ya buga wa Manly wasanni 23 a kakar wasa ta NRL ta 2024, inda suka kare a matsayi na 7 a teburi, kuma suka cancanci shiga gasar karshe. Za a fitar da Manly a mako na biyu na gasar cin kofin Sydney Roosters.  An nada Bullemor kuma ya buga wa tawagar Firayim Minista ta XIII a wasan da Australia ta yi da PNG. 

### 2025
A ranar 1 ga watan Agusta, Manly ta sanar da cewa ta sake sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Bullemor har zuwa karshen shekarar 2029. Bullemor ya buga wa Manly wasanni 24 a kakar wasa ta NRL ta 2025 yayin da kungiyar ta kare a matsayi na 10 a teburi.

## Kididdiga

## Makarantar
Ian Brusasco

**Ian Brusasco** AO (4 Oktoba 1928 - 13 Mayu 2021) ɗan kasuwa ne na Australiya, mai harhada magunguna, kuma mai kula da wasanni. Ya riƙe mukamai na jagoranci a sassa daban-daban na jihar Queensland, ciki har da lafiya, sufuri, kafofin watsa labarai, da wasanni. Brusasco ya kuma kasance shugaban Majalisar Birnin Brisbane na tsawon shekaru 14 kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a Ostiraliya.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Italo Prospero Brusasco a Lannercost, Arewacin Queensland, Brusasco ɗan baƙi ne na Italiya Felice da Irma (née Torre), waɗanda suka isa Ostiraliya daga Cuccaro Monferrato a 1923. A shekarar 1969, ya canza sunansa zuwa Ian bisa doka. Ya fara karatunsa a Ingham da Brisbane, sannan ya kammala karatun sakandare a Kwalejin St Joseph's Nudgee daga 1943 zuwa 1947.  Brusasco ya fara karatun likitanci a Jami'ar Queensland amma daga baya ya koma fannin harhada magunguna, inda ya cancanci shiga a 1955.   

## Sana'a

### Magani da kasuwanci
Bayan ya cancanta a matsayin likitan magunguna, Brusasco ya buɗe kantin magani na farko a titin Albert da ke Brisbane kuma daga ƙarshe ya gudanar da kasuwanci da dama a yankin tare da matarsa, Patricia Anne Brusasco (wacce aka haifa a Wilson). Daga baya ya yi aiki a hukumomi daban-daban ciki har da WorkCover Queensland, Queensland Investment Corporation, da Foodbank Queensland. 

### Shiga cikin siyasa
Brusasco ya shiga Jam'iyyar Labour ta Australiya (ALP) a kusan shekarar 1960. [1] Ya kasance ɗan takarar gundumar zaɓe ta Kurilpa a zaɓen jihar Queensland na 1969. A shekarar 1972, Brusasco bai yi nasara ba, inda ya gaza lashe zaɓen gundumar Nundah. An zaɓe shi a matsayin shugaban majalisar birnin Brisbane a shekarar 1970. Ya yi aiki har zuwa 1984, yana wakiltar gundumomin Toombul, Lutwyche, da Spring Hill, kuma ya jagoranci Kwamitin Lafiya da Tsare-tsare.[2] [3]

Brusasco ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen farfaɗo da kuɗaɗen ALP a Queensland ta hanyar gudanar da tashar rediyo ta AM mai fama da wahala 4KQ, wadda aka sayar a shekarar 1986. Daga nan ya zama shugaban Labour Holdings, yana kula da jarin da aka zuba daga sayarwar.   

## Manazarta
June Lockhart

**Yuni Kathleen Lockhart** (25 ga Yuni, 1925 – Oktoba 23, 2025) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce Ba’amurke, ta fara harkar fim a shekarun 1930 da 1940 a cikin fina-finai kamar A Christmas Carol da Meet Me in St. Louis. Ta fito da farko a cikin 1950s da 1960s talabijin kuma tare da wasan kwaikwayo a kan mataki da kuma a cikin fim. Ta zama sananne sosai saboda aikinta a jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin guda biyu, Lassie da Lost in Space, inda ta taka rawar uwa. Lockhart kuma ya nuna Dr. Janet Craig akan gidan talabijin na CBS sitcom Petticoat Junction (1968-70). Ta kasance mai takarar Emmy Award sau biyu kuma ta lashe lambar yabo ta Tony Award. Tare da aikin da ya shafe kusan shekaru 90, Lockhart yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na ƙarshe da suka tsira daga Golden Age of Hollywood.
## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Yuni Kathleen Lockhart a ranar 25 ga Yuni, 1925, a Manhattan a birnin New York. Ita ce 'yar dan wasan Kanada-Ba-Amurke Gene Lockhart, wanda ya yi fice a Broadway a 1933 a Ah, Wilderness! kuma ’yar wasan kwaikwayo haifaffen Ingilishi Kathleen Lockhart (née Arthur). Kakanta shine John Coates Lockhart, "mawaƙin wake-wake".

Lockhart ya halarci makarantar Westlake don 'yan mata a Beverly Hills, California.
## Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa

Lockhart a cikin 2009
A 1951, Lockhart ya auri John F. Maloney. Suna da 'ya'ya mata biyu, Anne Kathleen da Yuni Elizabeth. Ma’auratan sun rabu a shekara ta 1959. Ta auri John Lindsay a wannan shekarar, amma sun sake aure a watan Oktoba 1970 kuma ba ta sake yin aure ba. 'Yar Katolika ta Roman, Lockhart da 'yarta Anne da 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Kay Lenz sun hadu da Paparoma John Paul II a 1985.

Lockhart ya sha'awar ƴan takarar shugaban ƙasar Amurka da kuma yadda kafafen yada labarai suka ba da labarinsu. Abokinta mai ba da rahoto Merriman Smith ya shirya mata tafiya tare da 'yan takarar manyan jam'iyyun biyu Dwight D. Eisenhower da Adlai Stevenson a lokacin zaben shugaban kasa na 1956 da kuma sake tare da yakin neman zabe a zaben 1960. Tsakanin 1957 da 2004, Lockhart ya halarci tarukan shugaban ƙasa da yawa.

Ko da yake ɗan Mafi Girma, Lockhart ya rungumi kiɗan dutse kuma ya saurari maƙallan dutsen masu tasowa. A cikin wata hira, tauraruwar ta Lost in Space, Bill Mumy ta bayyana cewa ta dauki Angela Cartwright da shi zuwa gidan rawan dare na Whiskey a Go Go a Hollywood "don yin tafiya tare da The Allman Brothers Band". Da yake bayyana a Nunin Virginia Graham a cikin 1970 tare da Art Metrano da malamin LGBT Troy Perry, Lockhart ya fuskanci Graham game da salonta na ɗabi'a ga 'yan luwadi.

Lockhart ya cika shekara 100 a ranar 25 ga Yuni, 2025. Ta mutu saboda dalilai na halitta a gidanta da ke Santa Monica, California, a ranar 23 ga Oktoba, 2025.
#### MANAZARTA
David Ball (Mawaƙin lantarki)

**David James Ball** (3 Mayu 1959 - 22 Oktoba 2025) ɗan Ingilishi ne kuma mawaƙin lantarki wanda aka fi sani da rabin synth-pop duo Soft Cell, tare da mawaƙa Marc Almond. Ya kuma kafa Grid, kuma ya yi aiki tare da masu fasaha da furodusa ciki har da Ingo Vauk da Chris Braide. Mai aiki daga ƙarshen 1970s, Ball ya yi aiki a cikin ayyuka daban-daban a cikin kiɗan lantarki da na gwaji. Yawancin lokaci ana yaba shi azaman Dave Ball akan rikodi.
## Rayuwa da aiki
An haifi Ball a ranar 3 ga Mayu 1959 a Chester, Cheshire, Ingila.daga baya an karbe shi kuma ya girma a Blackpool. Ya yi karatu a Makarantar Arnold kafin ya karanci fasaha a Leeds Polytechnic, inda ya sadu da Marc Almond. Sun kafa synth-pop duo Soft Cell a 1978; Da farko band din ya kasance har zuwa 1984, amma daga baya ya sake haduwa a wasu lokuta bayan dogon gibi.A cikin 1983, yayin da yake tare da Soft Cell, ya fitar da kundi na solo, In Strict Tempo, wanda ya nuna Gavin Jumma'a, Farawa P-Orridge da Virginia Astley.Daga baya ya yi aiki tare da P-Orridge a kan sautin sauti na fim ɗin Decoder na Jamus ta Yamma, wanda kuma ya ƙunshi wasu masu fasaha na Bizzare.

Bayan Soft Cell ya watse, Ball ya kafa sabuwar ƙungiya, Sauran Mutane, tare da Gini Hewes, matarsa a lokacin,  (ta taɓa yin aiki tare da Almond a cikin Marc da Mambas), da Andy Astle, amma sun fito da guda ɗaya kawai, "Ku Yi Nice Rana". A ƙarshen 1980s, ya kafa wata ƙungiya mai ɗan gajeren lokaci, Yaro na Ingilishi akan Loveranch, tare da Nick Sanderson da Jamie Fry, yana sakin waƙoƙin hi-NRG guda biyu, "Mutumin a Rayuwar ku" da "Sex Vigilante". Har ila yau, ya kasance wani ɓangare na TV na Psychic, yana aiki akan kundin tarin Jack the Tab, Tekno Acid Beat, Zuwa gare ku Infinite Beat da Beyond You Infinite Beat, inda ya sadu da Richard Norris (sun yi rikodin waƙar "Haɗu da Kowane Halin Kan" tare a matsayin M.E.S.H.) kuma tare da wanda daga baya ya kafa Grid  tare da "A Callamp" tare da "Ƙauna". Abu."
#### MANAZARTA
Richard Brown (rugby union)

**Richard Brown** (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga Agusta 1984) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Australiya.

## Sana'a
Yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa shida da suka wakilci Rundunar Sojan Yamma a duk wasannin Super 14 da ta buga a 2007, kuma ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa 14 na Rundunar Soja da aka zaɓa a cikin tawagar Wallabies a watan Mayu na 2008. A shekarar 2009, Brown ya zama lamba ta 8 ta ƙungiyar ƙwallon rugby ta ƙasa ta Australiya.  A shekarar 2000, ya buga wasa a gasar XV ta farko a Kwalejin St. Josephs Nudgee da ke Brisbane, wanda Rocky Elsom ke jagoranta. Brown yana shekara ta 11 tare da Hugh McMeniman kuma Rocky Elsom yana shekara ta 12. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

A shekara ta 2002, Brown ya buga wasa a ƙungiyar Colts 1 Premiership ta Jami'ar Queensland. Wannan ƙungiyar ta kuma haɗa da wasu 'yan wasa na gaba kamar Stephen Moore, Heath Tessman, Hugh McMeniman, Mitchell Chapman, Tim Usasz, Josh Graham da Drew Mitchell.

## Makarantar
Leith Brodie

**Leith Brodie** (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga Yuli, 1986) ɗan tseren gudu ne na Australiya kuma ɗan wasan ninkaya mai haɗaka wanda ya lashe lambar tagulla ta Olympics kuma John Robinson ne ya horar da shi a Albany Creek Swim Club.[1] A gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2008 da aka yi a Beijing, Brodie ya lashe lambobin tagulla guda biyu a matsayin memba na ƙungiyoyin Australiya a gasar tseren mita 4 × 100 na maza da kuma tseren mita 4 x 200 na freestyle.[2] Ya kuma yi iyo a gasar tseren mita 200.[3]

Ya halarci Kwalejin St Joseph, Nudgee.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin sunayen 'yan wasan da suka lashe kyautar ninkaya a gasar Commonwealth (maza)
* Jerin 'yan wasan ninkaya na Olympics (maza)

## Manazarta
Edward Breslin

**Edward Denis Joseph Breslin** (10 Maris 1882 - 26 Agusta 1914) memba ne na Majalisar Dokokin Queensland.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Breslin a Brisbane, Queensland, ɗan Cornelius Connell Breslin da matarsa Ellen (née Gallagher). Ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Nudgee da ke Brisbane kafin ya halarci Kwalejin St John, Sydney.

Breslin ta mutu a Gladstone a watan Agusta na 1914.

## Rayuwar jama'a
Breslin, wanda ke wakiltar jam'iyyar Labour, ya lashe kujerar Port Curtis a Majalisar Dokokin Queensland a zaben jiha na 1909. [1] Ya rike kujerar a zaben jiha na 1912 da kuri'u biyu [2] amma daga baya Alkali Charles Chubb, alkalin zabe na Kotun Koli ta Queensland ya ayyana zaben Breslin a matsayin wanda bai yi nasara ba [3] kuma ya sha kaye a zaben maye gurbin da aka yi a watan Oktoban 1912.[2]

## Makarantar
Lucius Calpurnius Bibulus

**Lucius Calpurnius Bibulus** (? - ya mutu a kusa da 32 BC) ɗan siyasa ne na Roma. Shi dan kwastomomi ne Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus . 

## Tarihin rayuwa
Lucius Bibulus ɗan abokin gaba ne na Julius Kaisar Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus . Mahaifiyarsa na iya kasancewa Porcia Catonis (ɗan Cato the Younger), kodayake ana jayayya, mai yiwuwa shi ɗan matar mahaifinsa ta farko da ba a san shi ba ne.[1][2] Wasu daga cikin sojoji da Aulus Gabinius ya bar a can sun kashe 'yan uwansa biyu a Misira bayan sun dawo da Ptolemy Auletes zuwa kursiyin. Mahaifinsa ya mutu a shekara ta 48 KZ daga gajiya da damuwa na umurni da jiragen ruwa na Jamhuriyar Republican a kan Kaisar. Bayan kisan Kaisar, Lucius ya zaɓi gefen Marcus Junius Brutus, sabon mijin Porcia, wanda ya yi yaƙi a yaƙin Filibus.[1][2] Bayan cin nasarar masu kisan Kaisar, ya mika wuya ga Marcus Antonius wanda daga baya ya ba shi umurni na rundunarsa. Daga baya Augustus ya sanya Bibulus gwamna na Siriya kuma ya mutu a kusa da 32 BC. Har ila yau, mai yiwuwa shi ne Bibulus kuma ya rubuta wani ɗan gajeren labari game da Brutus wanda Plutarch ya yi amfani da shi azaman tushe.[3] Kodayake wannan Bibulus na iya kasancewa ƙaramin ɗan'uwan Porcia.[4]

Ya auri Domitia Calvina, 'yar Gnaeus Domitius Calvinus kuma yana da 'yar mai suna Calpurnia Domitia Calvin tare da ita. Ta zama mahaifiyar Marcus Junius Silanus Torquatus . 

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin gwamnonin Romawa na Siriya

## Manazarta