Gudanar da tashar jiragen ruwa

**Gudanar da tashar jiragen ruwa** shine tsarawa, tsarawa, da sarrafa ayyukan a cikin tashar jiragen kasa don tabbatar da amintacce, inganci, da kuma motsi mai fa'ida na jiragen ruwa, kaya, da fasinjoji. Ya haɗa da daidaita zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa, ayyukan tashar, sarrafa kaya, ajiya, tsaro, kiyayewa, da ayyukan gudanarwa don tsarin sufuri na teku da na ƙasa suyi aiki tare a hankali.

Gudanar da tashar Jirgin ruwa na zamani kuma yana mai da hankali kan ci gaban ababen more rayuwa, tsarin dijital, Biyan muhalli, da daidaitawar Mai ruwa da tsaki, gami da layin jigilar kayayyaki, hukumomin kwastam, masu samar da kayan aiki, da kananan hukumomi. Gudanar da tashar jiragen ruwa mai inganci yana da mahimmanci ga cinikayya ta duniya, kamar yadda tashar jiragen sama ke aiki a matsayin mahimman hanyoyin sadarwa don teku, jirgin ƙasa, hanya, da hanyoyin sufuri na cikin gida.

## Tarihi
A cikin karni na 19 da rabi na farko na karni na 20, "farashin da ke da alaƙa da tashar jiragen ruwa ba shi da mahimmanci idan aka kwatanta da tsadar jigilar teku da jigilar cikin gida. A sakamakon haka, akwai ƙaramin ƙarfafawa don inganta ingancin tashar jiragen sama".

A rabi na biyu na karni na 20 gasar tashar jiragen ruwa ta fara kuma tana da sakamako mai mahimmanci kamar Rotterdam ta maye gurbin Liverpool don jigilar mai. A cikin karni na 21, gasa ta kasa da kasa tsakanin tashoshin jiragen ruwa ta karu don kara inganci, watsar da ikon jama'a da ƙarfafa ayyukan kamfanoni masu zaman kansu.

## Misalan kasuwancin tashar jiragen ruwa
Akwai nau'ikan kasuwanci na tashar jiragen ruwa guda uku:

# Tsarin kasuwancin mai gida wanda: " tashar jiragen ruwa ƙungiya ce da ke da kayan aikin tashar jiragen sama kuma tana da yarjejeniyoyi tare da masu aiki na ɓangare na uku";
# Tsarin hadin gwiwa wanda " tashar jiragen ruwa kanta mai aiki ne wanda ke ba da duk ayyukan sarrafa kaya"; da
# Misali mai gauraye wanda "kungiyar kula da tashar jiragen ruwa ta ba da sabis na sarrafa tashar a cikin gida kuma ta dogara da masu aiki na ɓangare na uku" 

## Gudanar da muhalli da tsari
A cikin 2008 The World Ports Climate Declaration (WPCD) an karbe shi da 55 daga cikin manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na duniya, suna yin aiki na dogon lokaci kan aiwatar da shirye-shiryen magance matsalolin muhalli. Wani sanannen shirin, shirin takardar shaidar Green Marine (GM), wanda kamfanonin jiragen ruwa na Arewacin Amurka, gami da tashar jiragen ruwa, ke neman rage tasirin muhalli, an kafa shi a cikin 2007. Wani kimantawa na wannan shirin don tashar jiragen ruwa na Kanada a cikin shekaru takwas, duk da haka, ya nuna cewa kawai 7 daga cikin manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa 18 "sun haɗa kai da dorewa cikin ayyukansu". Muhimmancin tsarin tashar jiragen ruwa da gudanarwa na muhalli ya danganta da gaskiyar cewa ayyukan tashar jiragen sama suna cikin tsakiya tsakanin makamashi da tsarin sufuri kuma suna haɗa cibiyar sadarwa ta bangarori daban-daban, kasuwanni, da sarkar darajar, suna mai da su babban ɓangare na tattalin arzikin duniya. Duk da yake ayyukan aiki da yawa suna kewaye da tashar jiragen ruwa, kamar sarrafa kaya da ayyukan ajiya, haɗin haɗin kai, ayyukan masana'antu, da fadada tashar jiragen sama, aikin tashar jiragen kasa mafi yawa shine na jigilar kaya, yana sa tsarin tashar jiragen mmiri ya fara aiki da IMO.

## Manazarta