Harshen Soddo

**Soddo** (autonym *kəstane* "Kirista"; wanda a da ake kira *Aymälläl* a cikin kafofin Yamma, bayan wani yare na musamman) yaren Gurage ne wanda mutane miliyan kwata ke magana a kudu maso gabashin Habasha . Harshen Semitic na Habasha ne na dangin Gurage na Arewa. Masu jin harshenta, ’ yan kabilar Soddo Gurage (Kistane), galibi suna zaune ne a gundumar Soddo da ke yankin Gurage .

## Fassarar sauti

### Consonants

* [ʔ] yawanci ana jin sa lokacin da yake tsakanin wasulan, ko kuma a cikin ma'auni-farko kafin wasali.
* Ana iya jin sauti /p, pʼ, tsʼ/ a cikin kalmomin aro.
* Sauti /k, ɡ, kʼ/ kuma na iya samun allophone ɗin labialized [kʷ, ɡʷ, kʼʷ].
* /b/ kuma za a iya ji shi azaman muryoyin murɗaɗi [β] lokacin da ke cikin tsaka-tsaki.
* /m/ ana iya jin kamar [ɱ] lokacin kafin /f/, da /n/ kamar [ŋ] lokacin kafin /k/. 

### Wasula

## Nahawu

### Suna
Kamar yadda a yawancin harsunan Habasha, masu cancantar suna gabaɗaya suna bin suna.

Tabbataccen labarin an bayyana shi da kari *-i*, misali: *goš* "yaro" > *goš-i* "yaro"; *ätit* "'yar'uwa" > *ätiti* "'yar'uwar"; *bayyočč* "children" > *bayyočč-i* . Idan sunan ya ƙare a *-a* ko *-ä*, yawanci yakan rasa wannan wasali idan *-i* aka sakawa: *angačča* "cat" > *angačč-i* "cat". Sunan da ke ƙarewa a *-i* yawanci yana zama ɗaya: *abi* "(the) father, proprietor". Sunan da ke ƙarewa a *-e, -o, -u* yana ƙara *y* a gabanin kari: *ge* "gida" > *geʸi* "gidan"; *wälläho* "makwabci" > *wällähoʸi* "makwabci". Idan suna yana da qualifier, ana amfani da labarin tare da kashi na farko: *maläk' ge* "babban gida" > *maläk'-i ge* "babban gida"; *yä-šum-i ge* "gidan jami'in" (lit. "na hukuma-gida"); *yä-mät't'-i məss* "mutumin da ya zo" (lit. "wanda-zo-mutumin").

Babu ainihin labarin da ba a taɓa gani ba, ko da yake ana iya bayyana rashin iyaka ta hanyar gabatar da kalmar *attə* ko *k'una*, ma'ana "ɗaya".

Sunaye suna da jinsi biyu, na miji da na mata, waɗanda ke shafar concord verb .

Sunayen da suke tabbatattu abubuwa ( kai tsaye ko kaikaice ) duka biyun suna da alamar *yä-* ko *nä-* : misali *yä-geʸi ažo* "ya ga gidan"; *yä-zämmihʷan abännət* "ya ba ɗan'uwansa" (lit. "ga ɗan'uwansa ya ba shi"). Hakanan za'a iya yiwa abubuwa kai tsaye alama ta ƙara ƙarin karin magana a cikin fi'ili: misali *yabiddi täšakkunnət* "Na tambayi mahaifina" (lit. "babana-obj. I-tambaye shi".)

Sunan da aka mallaka yana da alamar prefix *yä-*, kuma mai shi yana gaba da wanda aka mallaka: *yä-šum-i ge* "gidan hukuma" (lit. "of-official-the house"). Idan mabuɗin suna yana da prefixed a kansa, wannan *yä-* an cire shi: *babiddi färäz* maimakon * *bä-yä-abiddi färäz* don "a kan dokin ubana".

### Sunan mai suna

#### Sunan mai suna na sirri

Mallaka kuma za a iya samun ta ta hanyar ƙara *yä-* zuwa karin magana da ke tsaye, misali: *yädähəm t'əb* "dangin ku".

Ana samar da karin magana mai ma'ana ta *äras-*, *gubba-*, *k'um-* tare da mallake suffixes, misali *ädi äras-əddi mät'afi t'afkunnət* "Ni kaina na rubuta littafin".

### Mai nuna magana
Proximal: *zi* "wannan, waɗannan"; *zini* "wannan". Misali: *zi məss* "wannan mutumin", *zi məšt* "wannan matar", *zi säbočč* "waɗannan maza".

Distal: *za* "wato, wadancan, wancan, wadancan"; *zani* "wato can". Eg *tə-za məss goy mat't'ahi* "Na zo da wannan mutumin".

#### Sunan mai tambaya

* *ma* "wa?" ( *mutum* kafin copula ): *man mät't'a?* "waye yazo?"
* *yace* "wane?"
* *mən* "mene?"; *tace* "why?"
* *yita*, *yittat* "wanne?" Eg *yitta bayy mät'am* "wane yaro ya zo?"
* *yittani* "wanne?"

#### Sunan mai iyaka mara iyaka

* *(yähonä) säb* "wani, wani"
* *mannəm (säb)* "kowa (one)" ("babu kowa" tare da mummunan aiki)
* *attəm* "kowa" (="no one, nothing" with negative verb); *attəmu* "no one" (as pronoun)
* *lela (säb)* "sauran"
* *yäk'irrä k'äy* "sauran" (lit. "sauran abu")
* *da* "wani lokaci"
* *ləyyu* "daban"
* *k'una*, *zam*, *zəɗ'ə* "same"
* *äbälo* (f. *äbälit* ) "so-da-so"
* " *kamar* "
## Manazarta