Alfonse Pogrom

The *alfons* pogrom (a cikin Yaren mutanen Poland, Pogrom alfonsów 'pogrom na masu karuwanci'; kalmar yaren Poland alfons tana nufin ''Yan karuwanci";  24-26 Mayu 1905)  ya kasance tashin hankali na kwana uku a Warsaw, Poland . Rikicin ya haifar da lalacewar gidajen karuwai da yawa, da kuma mutuwar mutane 15. Bayanai da bincike game da taron sun bambanta dangane da burinsa da mahalarta (ya bambanta game da shiga cikin mayakan jam'iyyar kwadago ta Bund ta Yahudawa, ma'aikatan Yahudawa, ma-aikatan Kirista, da masu laifi; da kuma asalin taron da kuma ainihin adadin wadanda suka mutu).

## Tarihi

A rabi na biyu na karni na 19, karuwanci, fataucin jima'i, da bautar jima'i sun zama ruwan dare a Warsaw. Wadannan ayyukan galibi sun mamaye duniyar Yahudawa, kuma wanzuwarsu ta haifar da tashin hankali da jayayya a cikin al'ummar Yahudawa-Polish na Warsaw. Yayinda a cikin Majalisa Poland da Warsaw, gabaɗaya, kashi 72.7% na karuwanci Katolika ne kuma kashi 21.36% Yahudawa ne, a Warsaw yawan karuwanci na Yahudawa ya fi girma. A shekara ta 1874 kashi biyu bisa uku na duk masu karuwanci da aka yi rajista a Warsaw Yahudawa ne. A cikin 1889 kusan kashi 75% na duk gidajen karuwai a Warsaw Yahudawa ne ke gudanar da su.

Bayanan sun bambanta game da dalilin tashin hankali. Wasu suna ɗaukar wannan aikin siyasa ne na ma'aikatan Yahudawa. Yayinda tashin hankali ya karu a lokacin tashin hankali a tsakiyar shekarun 1900, tashin hankali tsakanin duniyar Yahudawa da ma'aikata ya karu har zuwa inda tashin hankali mai yawa ya karu. A cewar Laura Engelstein, Bundists sun ga masu karuwanci a matsayin jami'an Okhrana (yan sanda na Tsarist na Rasha). 

## Rikicin
An fara kisan gilla ne bayan jita-jita, kodayake ba a bayyana wane jita-jita ne ya haifar da kisan galla ba. Ɗaya daga cikin sassan ya nuna cewa an sace wata 'yar'uwa ko budurwa ta wani mai fafutuka na Bund kuma an kai shi gidan karuwai, kuma an ji masa rauni yayin da yake ƙoƙarin ceto ta. Wani ya ce wata karuwa Bayahude ta nemi wani ma'aikacin Bayahude don taimako a cikin yanayinta, kuma lokacin da ya yi ƙoƙarin ceto ta, an kashe shi. Dukkanin sassan sun nuna cewa bayan da mai ceto ya ji rauni ko ya mutu, abokansa sun fara babban tashin hankali. Masu gwagwarmayar Yahudawa da ke da alaƙa da jam'iyyar kwadago ta Bund sun shiga cikin tashin hankali.

Wani sashi shi ne cewa dalilin tashin hankali shine tsoma baki a cikin gasa tsakanin gidajen karuwai na doka da ba bisa ka'ida ba. Antony Polonsky ya ki amincewa da ra'ayin cewa wannan wani mataki ne na siyasa wanda Bund ta shirya a matsayin "matsayin ma'aikatan Yahudawa ga cin zarafin mata Yahudawa. " Polonsky ta rubuta cewa masu aikata laifuka suna da hannu sosai, kuma ya lura cewa "mazauna masu lasisi ne kawai suka shafi".

Kodayake bayanan abubuwan da suka faru sun bambanta, yawancin sun yarda cewa ƙungiyoyin ma'aikatan Yahudawa sun tafi daga gidan karuwai zuwa gidan karuwai, suna kai farmaki ga masu karuwanci da karuwanci, suna lalata da kuma sace dukiya. Har ila yau, rikice-rikice sun bazu a titunan birni. Rikicin ya fara ne a arewa maso yammacin Warsaw kafin ya bazu a duk faɗin birnin. A cewar wasu malamai (alal misali Borzymińska da Jakubczak) ma'aikatan Kirista sun shiga cikin tashin hankali a rana ta biyu, kuma a rana ta uku sun ga masu laifi suna amfani da rikici don yin fashi. Ma'aikatan Yahudawa sun yi aiki ne kawai a cikin unguwar Yahudawa, suna buga kawai a cikin ɓangarorin Yahudawa na duniya. Ma'aikatan Kirista sun yi rubutu tare da 'yan bindiga na Kirista. Hukumomin 'yan sanda na Tsarist sun yi ƙoƙari su shirya wani kisan kiyashi na Yahudawa  (irin waɗannan zarge-zargen suna cikin labarin Bund na abubuwan da suka faru ), amma lokacin da yunkurin ya gaza, gwamnan Rasha,   ya umarci sojoji su murkushe rikicin. 

An yi la'akari da cewa an dakatar da tashin hankali a ranar 26 ga Mayu 1905, kodayake ƙananan abubuwan da suka faru sun ci gaba da wasu 'yan kwanaki, tare da ƙarin mutuwar 3 a ranar 28 ga Mayu.

## Manazarta