Motsi na Barragens

**Ƙungiyar Movimento dos Atingidos por Barragens (Ƙungiyar Jama'a da Madatsun Ruwa suka Shafa)** (MAB) ƙungiya ce ta siyasa ta Brazil ( ƙungiyar zamantakewa ) da aka kafa a ƙarshen shekarun 1970 da nufin tsara da kuma jagorantar mutanen da madatsun ruwa suka shafa don neman haƙƙinsu.  

Motsin Jama'a da Madatsun Ruwa suka Shafa yana da dogon tarihi na juriya, gwagwarmaya da cin nasara. Ya bayyana a shekarun 1980, ta hanyar gogewar ƙungiyoyi na gida da na yanki, yana fuskantar barazana da cin zarafi da aka sha a aiwatar da ayyukan samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa. Daga baya, ya zama ƙungiya ta ƙasa kuma, a yau, baya ga fafutukar kare haƙƙin waɗanda abin ya shafa, yana buƙatar Aikin Makamashi Mai Albarka don canza duk tsarin rashin adalci na wannan al'umma daga tushensa. 

A matsayin ƙungiya, wannan motsi ya samo asali ne sakamakon dogon aikin ginawa tare, yaƙi da rashin adalci, lalata yanayi don kiyayewa da kare salon rayuwar al'ummomin yankin da abin ya shafa (bangarorin ƙabilanci da zamantakewa). 

An bayyana wannan motsi a matsayin motsi na halayyar ƙasa, cin gashin kai, taro, gwagwarmaya, tare da bambance-bambancen tsari daban-daban a cikin ƙungiyarta ( kabila, jinsi, yanayin jima'i, addini, jam'iyyar siyasa da matakin ilimi), tare da shiga da kuma haɗin gwiwa a dukkan matakai. Manufarta ita ce tsara waɗanda madatsun ruwa suka shafa a Brazil, kafin, lokacin ko bayan gina ayyukan. An tsara ta ne don kare muradun al'ummar da samarwa, rarrabawa da sayar da makamashin lantarki ya shafa. Aikin wannan ƙungiya yana ƙarƙashin jagorancin ƙa'idodi da dabi'u waɗanda ke cikin koyarwar misali da haɗin kai tsakanin mutane hanya mafi kyau don shawo kansu. 

## Asali
An ƙirƙiri wannan motsi ne daga haɗakar manoma da suka yi adawa da gina tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki a yankin Alto Uruguai, a jihohin Brazil na Rio Grande do Sul da Santa Catarina . A shekarar 1979 lokacin da aka buga nazarin farko game da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na yankin, cibiyar Katolika *ta Comissão Pastoral da Terra* (kwamitin makiyaya na ƙasar) ta shirya tarurrukan farko waɗanda suka ƙare da ƙirƙirar kwamitin Dam (Comissão das Barragens), wanda daga baya aka sake masa suna zuwa Comissão Regional de Atingidos por Barragens (kwamitin yanki na madatsun ruwa da abin ya shafa). A shekarar 1989 sun shirya taron ƙasa na farko a Goiânia . A watan Maris, 1991, taron ƙasa na farko na madatsun ruwa da abin ya shafa ya amince da kafa MAB, ainihin sunan su. 

### Ayyukan ƙasa da ƙasa na wannan motsi
Ƙungiyar jama'a ta kiyasta cewa an riga an gina madatsun ruwa sama da 800,000 a duniyar kuma ma'ajiyar ruwansu ta riga ta mamaye kusan kashi 1% na saman duniyar. 

A lokaci guda, an kiyasta adadin mutanen da suka bar wurin da suke zaune sakamakon ambaliyar ruwa da aka samu a yankuna don samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa a cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata ya kai sama da mutane miliyan 40, kuma yawancin waɗannan mutanen 'yan asalin ƙasar ne. Sakamakon gina madatsun ruwa ya bayyana akan lokaci: lalacewar dazuzzuka, raguwar kamun kifi mai yawa, fitar da iskar gas da ke taimakawa ga tasirin greenhouse da ɗumamar yanayi, haɗarin girgizar ƙasa, sauyin yanayi da mutuwar halittu na magudanan ruwa. 

Bugu da ƙari, gina madatsun ruwa ya dogara ne akan rancen gwamnatocin ƙananan hukumomi, wanda ke haifar da basussukan tattalin arzikin ƙasashe matalauta kamar Brazil. Sakamakon haka, MAB ta nemi tattaunawa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa da sauran cibiyoyi makamantan haka, ta hanyar tarurrukan ƙasashen duniya na waɗanda abin ya shafa, da kuma a Latin Amurka, musamman ta hanyar "Movimiento de Afectados por Represas (MAR), a cikin Sifaniyanci. 

## Manazarta