Yaa Gyasi

**Yaa Gyasi** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1989) marubuci ƴar ƙasar Ghana ne-Ba-Amurke . Ayyukanta, musamman ma littafinta na farko a shekarar 2016 da kuma littafinta na 2020 *Transcendent Kingdom ,* tana da jigogi na zuriya, rauni na tsararraki, da kuma baƙar fata da na Afirka.   Lokacin da yake da shekaru 26, Gyasi ya lashe lambar yabo ta National Book Critics Circle 's John Leonard Award don Mafi kyawun Littafin Farko, Kyautar PEN/Hemingway don Novel Debut Novel, Gidauniyar Littattafai ta 5 Under 35 don 2016 da lambar yabo ta 2017 American Book Award . An ba ta lambar yabo ta Vilcek don Ƙirƙirar Alƙawari a cikin Adabi a cikin 2020.  Tun daga 2019, Gyasi yana zaune a Brooklyn, New York. 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Yaa Gyasi a Mampong, Ghana  zuwa Sophia, ma'aikaciyar jinya, da Kwaku Gyasi, farfesa a fannin Faransanci a Jami'ar Alabama a Huntsville .   Iyalinta sun ƙaura zuwa Amurka a cikin shekarar 1991 don mahaifinta ya kammala karatunsa na Ph.D. a Jami'ar Jihar Ohio .   Iyalin kuma suna zaune a Illinois da Tennessee, kuma tun yana ɗan shekara 10, Gyasi ya girma a Huntsville, Alabama .  

Gyasi ta tuna da jin kunya tun tana ƙarama, tana jin kusanci da ƴan uwanta don abubuwan da suka faru a matsayin ƙanana masu ƙaura a Alabama, da kuma juya zuwa littattafai a matsayin "abokai na kusa".  An ƙarfafa ta ta hanyar karɓar takardar shaidar cin nasara da LeVar Burton ya sanya wa hannu don labarin farko da ta rubuta, wanda ta ƙaddamar da Karatun Rainbow Young Writers and Illusttors Contest . A lokacin da yake da shekaru 17, yayin da yake halartar makarantar sakandare ta Grissom, Gyasi ta sami wahayi bayan ya karanta  na Toni Morrison don ci gaba da rubutu a matsayin aiki. 

Gyasi ta sami digiri na farko a fannin fasaha a Turanci daga Jami'ar Stanford, haka nan kuma ya sami Jagora na Fine Arts daga Taron Marubutan Iowa, shirin rubutun ƙirƙire-ƙirƙire a Jami'ar Iowa .  

## Sana'a
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ta kammala karatu daga Stanford, Gyasi ta fara rubuta littafinta na farko *[[Homegoing (Gyasi novel)|Homegoing]]* yayin da take aiki a wani kamfani na fara fasaha a San Francisco. Ta yi murabus a cikin shekarar 2012 lokacin da aka yarda da ita Jami'ar Iowa kuma ta sauya mai da hankali ga rubuta cikakken lokaci.

*Komawar gida* ta samu kwarin guiwar tafiya zuwa Ghana a shekara ta 2009, wanda aka ba ta tallafi daga tallafi don binciken littafinta na farko. Gyasi ta yi tafiya zuwa gidan kakannin mahaifiyarta Ashanti da ke Kumasi, ta ziyarci tare da dangi, kuma ta zagaya da ginin Cape Coast Castle, wani katafaren ciniki na mulkin mallaka wanda ake amfani da shi wajen rike bayin Afirka kafin su shiga jirgi zuwa Amurka.  Wannan tarihin ya tsara labarin sabon labari, wanda ya fara da ƴan'uwan Effia da Esi a Ghana na ƙarni na sha takwas. Effia ta auri wani kwamandan Burtaniya na Cape Coast Castle, yayin da Esi ke tsare a cikin gidajen kurkukun gidan kafin a tilasta shi cikin jirgin bayi. Babi na gaba suna musaya tsakanin ra'ayoyin zuriyar Effia da zuriyar Esi, wanda ya kai jimillar tsararraki bakwai zuwa Amurka ta yau.  Ana bin diddigin tasirin mulkin mallaka ta kowane dan uwa da tarihin tarihin da suke rayuwa a ciki, ciki har da rikici tsakanin al'ummomin Fante da Asante, farkon noman koko a Ghana, bautar shuka a Kudancin Amurka, aikin da aka yanke wa hukunci a lokacin sake ginawa, ƙungiyoyin kare hakkin jama'a, da barkewar annoba na 1980s.  

Gyasi ta kammala littafin a cikin shekarar 2015 kuma, bayan yawancin tayin farko, ya karɓi ci gaba mai lamba bakwai daga Knopf.  Ta-Nehisi Coates ya zaɓi *Gida* don Gidauniyar Littafin Ƙasa ta 2016 5 a ƙarƙashin lambar yabo ta 35,  kuma an zaɓi littafin don lambar yabo ta National Book Critics Circle's John Leonard Award, lambar yabo ta PEN / Hemingway don mafi kyawun littafin farko, da lambar yabo ta Littafin Amurka don gudummawar ga bambancin adabin Amurka.    

Har ila yau, rubutun Gyasi ya fito a cikin wallafe-wallafen kamar *African American Review*,  *Callaloo*,  *Guernica*  *[[The Guardian]]*,  da *Granta* .  Ta buga Toni Morrison (  ), Gabriel García Márquez ( *Shekaru ɗari na kaɗaici* ), James Baldwin (  ), Edward P. Jones ( *Lost in the City* ), da Jhumpa Lahiri ( *Ba a saba da Duniya* ) a matsayin wahayi.    A cikin 2017, *Forbes* ta zaɓi Gyasi don "30 ƙarƙashin 30 List". 

A cikin Fabrairun shekarar 2020, Knopf ta buga littafin Gyasi na biyu na *Mulkin Transcendent* .   Littafin ya ƙunshi haruffa daga ɗan gajeren labari wanda Gyasi ya buga a cikin mujallar  a cikin 2015 mai suna "Inscape."  Masarautar Transcendent ta ba da labarin Gifty mai shekaru 28 a cikin jerin abubuwan da suka faru da sauri, daga ƙaura na danginta daga Ghana zuwa Alabama, watsi da mahaifinta, da kuma gwagwarmayar mahaifiyarta tare da damuwa bayan ɗan'uwan Gifty ya wuce gona da iri a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa. Littafin ya bincika tasirin wariyar launin fata yayin da suke bayyana a cikin jaraba, damuwa, da rashin kwanciyar hankali na iyali. 

Sara Collins na *[[The Guardian]]* ya bayyana *Masarautar Transcendent* a matsayin "babban bin diddigin zuwa *Gida* ",  *USA A yau* ta ce "yana da ɓarna a hankali",  da *The Vox*,  *Chicago Review na Littattafai*,  da *Sabuwar Jamhuriya*  kuma sun sake duba shi da kyau.

A cikin shekarar 2021, Gyasi ya rubuta ɗan gajeren labari "Blood Blood" da za a nuna a cikin *[[The 1619 Project: A New Origin Story|Aikin 1619: Sabon Labari]]* . Labarin yana nuna hypochondria na yarinya baƙar fata a matsayin tasirin tarihin wariyar launin fata da nuna bambanci a cikin kiwon lafiya, yana nuna 1932 Tuskegee Syphilis Study

Gyasi ta yi magana game da yadda aka san ta a matsayin bakar fata. A cikin Maris ɗin shekarar 2021, ta rubuta labarin a cikin *The Guardian* game da sake dawowar shaharar *Gida* yayin zanga-zangar Black Lives Matter a bazara da ta gabata. Ta rubuta: "Yayin da na yi imani da gaske ga ikon wallafe-wallafe don ƙalubalanci, zurfafawa, don canzawa, na kuma san cewa siyan littattafai na marubuta baƙar fata ba kawai ka'ida ba ne, rashin jin daɗi da rashin talauci ga ƙarni na lahani na jiki da na tunani." 

## Kyauta

* 2016: Kyautar John Leonard na Littafin Critics Circle don Mafi kyawun Littafin Farko don *Koma Gida* 
* 2016: Kyautar Gidauniyar Littafin Kasa ta 5 Under 35 
* 2017: Kyautar Littafin Amurka don *Komawa Gida* 
* 2017: *Granta* Mafi kyawun Matasan Mawallafin Marubuta na Amurka   
* 2017: Kyautar PEN/Hemingway don *Koma Gida* 
* 2020: Kyautar Vilcek don Ƙirƙirar Alkawari a cikin Adabi, Vilcek Foundation 
* 2020, Babban Kyautar Baƙi da Carnegie Corporation na New York mai suna 
* 2021: Kyautar Mata don Fiction, wanda aka zaɓa don *Masarautar Transcendent* 
* 2023: Royal Society of Literature Marubuci na Duniya  

## Ayyuka

*  (2016)
* *Masarautar Transcendent* (2020)
* "Bad Blood" a cikin *Aikin 1619: Sabon Labari na Asalin* (2021)

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Yaa Gyasi, "Ni Ba'amurke Ba'amurke ne. Ni Bakake ne?", *The New York Times Ra'ayin LahadiReview*, Yuni 8, 2016
* Tambayoyi akan ''Nunin Kullum'' tare da Trevor Nuhu (bidiyo, 5:43), Agusta 16, 2016
* Tambayoyi akan ''Late Night'' tare da Seth Meyers (bidiyo, 3:15), Agusta 2, 2016
* Tambayoyi akan Tavis Smiley (bidiyo, 11:34) da kwafi, Yuni 2, 2016
* Kate Kellaway, "Yaa Gyasi: 'Bauchi yana cikin tunanin mutane. Yana shafar mu har yanzu ' , *The Guardian*, Janairu 8, 2017.
* "Yaa Gyasi" in Foyles.
* Alec Russell, "Yaa Gyasi: 'Wariyar launin fata har yanzu ita ce bugu na Amurka ' , Afrilu 20, 2018.