Mary Lindell

**Gertrude Mary Lindell** (11 Satumba 1895 - 8 Janairu 1987),  **Comtesse de Milleville**, lambar mai suna **Marie-Claire** da **Comtesse de Moncy**, mace ce ta Ingila, ma'aikaciyar jinya a yakin duniya na farko kuma memba ne na adawar Faransa a yakin duniya nke biyu . Ta kafa kuma ta jagoranci kungiyar tserewa da tserewa, Marie-Claire Line, ta taimaka wa 'yan saman Allied da sojoji su tsere daga Faransa da ke zaune a Nazi. Mutanen da suka tsira daga jiragen sama na soja da aka harbe a kan Turai da aka mamaye. A lokacin yakin, mota ta kori Lindell, ta harbe shi a kai, ta daure shi sau biyu, kuma ta kama shi kuma ta tura shi sansanin Ravensbrück a Nazi Jamus. An kama ɗanta Maurice kuma an azabtar da shi. Ɗanta Octave (Oky), wanda shi ma aka kama, ya ɓace kuma mai yiwuwa ya mutu a sansanin fursuna na Jamus.

Mai faɗakarwa, mai jayayya, kuma mai iko, wani mai sukar ya kira Lindell " jarumi na ƙarya", amma an yaba mata da taimakawa kimanin 'yan saman Allied 100 su tsere daga Faransa. A Ravensbrück ita ce jagorar mata na Burtaniya da Amurka da aka ɗaure a sansanin kuma a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya ta taimaka wa wasu daga cikinsu su tsira. Ta yi nasara tare da 'yan Jamus da suka kama ta don sakin mata 47 na Amurka da Burtaniya zuwa Red Cross na Sweden a kwanakin rufewar yakin duniya na biyu .

An ba Lindell lambar yabo ta Croix de Guerre sau biyu, sau ɗaya don aikinta a Yaƙin Duniya na I kuma sau ɗaya don Yaƙin Duniya ya II . 

An haifi Lindell ne a cikin iyali mai arziki a Surrey, Ingila. Mahaifinta William lauya ne kuma mahaifiyarta, Gertrude Colls, ta fito ne daga dangin Colls, 'yar wani masanin gine-gine mai cin nasara.

A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na farko, ta yi aiki a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar taimakon sa kai (VAD) sannan kuma tare da Secours aux Blessés, ƙungiyar Red Cross na Faransa. Faransanci sun yi mata ado saboda jaruntaka da hidimarta, inda suka sami Croix de Guerre a shekarar 1918.  Gwamnatin Tsarist ta Rasha ta kuma yi mata ado.

Ta auri Count Marie Joseph de Milleville , memba na aristocracy na Faransa, kuma ta zauna a Paris. Ma'auratan suna da 'ya'ya uku: maza biyu, Maurice, (an haife shi a 1921) da Octave, da kuma 'yar, Marie, wacce ta kira Barbé . Dukansu matasa ne a shekara ta 1940. Lokacin da Nazi Jamus ta mamaye Faransa a watan Mayu 1940, Lindell da 'ya'yanta suna zaune a cikin wani gida mai kyau a Paris. Mijinta yana kan tafiya ta kasuwanci zuwa Kudancin Amurka.

## Layin Marie-Claire

Tare da kwashewa daga Dunkirk da kuma mika Faransa ga Nazi Jamus a 1940, yawancin sojojin Burtaniya da 'yan jirgin sama sun makale a cikin Turai da aka mamaye. A Paris, Lindell ta yanke shawarar cewa ita da 'ya'yanta uku za su taimaka wa sojoji da' yan jirgin sama su tsere daga Faransa zuwa Vichy Faransa da ba a mamaye ba. Ta hanyar aboki, ta sami gonar kusa da Sauveterre-de-Béarn wanda ke kan iyaka tsakanin Faransa da ba a mamaye ba. Da yake zaune a kusa da Mauléon-Licharre wani jami'in Burtaniya ne mai ritaya, Manjo William Higgins, wanda yake shirye ya taimaka wa sojojin Burtaniya su ratsa iyakar da ke kusa zuwa aminci a Spain mai tsaka-tsaki. Lindell, 'ya'yanta, da Michele Cambards, budurwa matashiyar ɗanta Oky, sun fara raka sojoji da masu jirgin sama ta jirgin ƙasa daga Paris zuwa Sauveterre. Daga baya ta sauya ayyukan zuwa Rufec, wani wuri mafi sauki. Mutanen da ta raka a fadin iyaka zuwa Vichy Faransa daga baya an taimaka musu su koma Ingila ta hanyar Pat O'Leary tserewa da kuma aikin Seaman na Donald Caskie a Marseille . 

Lindell, iyalinta, da abokan aikinta na iya taimakawa kimanin maza 25 na Ingila da 50 na Faransa don tserewa daga kamawar Jamus a 1940. Koyaya, sa'arta ta ƙare a farkon 1941 lokacin da 'yan sanda na Abwehr suka kama ta a Paris kuma an yanke mata hukuncin watanni 9 a kurkuku. A kusan lokaci guda, an kama ɗanta Maurice kuma an yanke masa hukuncin watanni 11 a kurkuku. Bayan an saki Lindell a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1941, ta koma Ruffec kuma ta karbi sunayen lambar "Marie" da "Marie-Claire", don haka layin "Marie'Claire". Tsoron sake kama ta, nan da nan ta haye iyakar zuwa Vichy Faransa. George Whittington, Mataimakin Kwastam na Amurka a Lyon, Faransa, ya sami Lindell takardar izinin fita daga Vichy, yana bayyana ta a matsayin "mai kula da Ingila". A watan Yulin 1942, Lindell ya isa London lafiya.

## Komawa Faransa
A Landan, Lindell ya nemi komawa Faransa tare da MI9, kungiyar tserewa da tserewa ta Burtaniya. MI9 ta kasance mai shakku. Jami'in MI9, James Langley ya ce game da ita, "Mary mace ce mai ƙarfin zuciya, mai ƙarfin zuciya wacce ke son samun komai a hanyarta...ta kasance, ta sanya shi a hankali, mai wahala...ba za ta yi biyayya da duk wani umarni da mu bayar ba" [1] Duk da haka, an yarda da Lindell kuma ta zama ɗaya daga cikin jami'an mata biyu da MI9 ta aiko zuwa Turai, ɗayan kuma Trix Terwindt wanda aka aika zuwa Netherlands.[2] Lindell ta samu horo daga MI9 a cikin dabarun sirri kuma ta koma Faransa ta hanyar jirgin saman Westland Lysander a watan Oktoba 1942, ta sauka kusa da Ussel, Corrèze. Da yake zaune a Ruffec, ta sake zama a kan ayyukan layin tserewa na Marie-Clair. Koyaya, a watan Disamba ta ji mummunan rauni kuma kusan ta mutu lokacin da wata mota ta fadi cikin keken da take hawa. Rashin lafiya, an ɗaure shi, kuma tare da hannunsa har yanzu a cikin sling, ta taimaka wa biyu daga cikin sanannun wadanda suka tsere daga yakin duniya na biyu: Herbert Hasler da Bill Sparks, "Cockleshell Heroes" kuma wadanda suka tsira daga Operation Frankton. Sparks ya yi sharhi cewa "gona kwamandan na yana karɓar umarni daga wata yarinya ya kasance mai ban dariya a gare ni. Amma ta bar mu cikin shakka cewa ita ce gwamnan".[3][4]

Abin takaici, duk da haka, ya fara tasiri ga ayyukan ci gaba na Layin Marie-Claire. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 1943, an kama dan Lindell kuma babban mataimakinsa, Maurice, a Lyon kuma an azabtar da shi. 'Yarta Barbé (wanda ya kasance aboki da yawa daga cikin masu mamaye Paris na Jamus) ya tattauna da cin hanci na 60,000 francs don sakin Maurice tare da Klaus Barbie, sanannen shugaban Gestapo. An kama dan Lindell Oky ba da daɗewa ba, an tura shi sansanin kurkuku, kuma ba a sake jin labarin ba. Tare da farashi a kan kanta da Gestapo a kan hanyarta, Lindell ta ɗauki sabon ainihi, "Comtesse de Moncy. " Ta yi abokan gaba, ta ƙi yarda da buƙatun da wani jami'in leken asiri na Burtaniya ya kwashe shi nan da nan, yana gaya masa "wannan hanya ce ta tserewa ga 'yan jirgin sama. " Ta kuma yi jayayya da ɗaya daga cikin jagoranta, Comtesse Pau Barré de Saint-Venant, lambar da ake kira "Alice Laroche" da "Marie-Odile"  A sakamakon aikinta na garin da ke kusa da ita.

Kodayake kididdigar ba ta cika ba, an yaba da layin Marie-Claire tare da taimakawa kimanin 'yan saman 100 da suka tsere daga Faransa da aka mamaye.

## Kamawa da ɗaurin kurkuku
A ranar 22 ga Nuwamba, 1943, an kama Lindell a tashar jirgin kasa a Pau. Tana sanye da, kamar yadda ta saba, tufafinta na Red Cross kuma tana jiran isowar jirgin sama hudu da ta shirya aikawa tare da jagora a fadin Pyrenees da ke kusa zuwa Spain. A watan Disamba, an tura Lindell ta jirgin kasa zuwa Paris. Ta yi ƙoƙari ta tsere ta hanyar tsalle daga jirgin kuma wani mai tsaron Jamus ya harbe ta a kai. An kai ta asibitin Luftwaffe a Tours wani likitan Jamus ya yi mata aiki kuma ya ceci rayuwarta. An kai ta Dijon a watan Janairun 1944, an tsare ta, an ɗaure ta kuma a tsare ta kaɗai. Koyaya ba kamar yawancin fursunonin Jamusawa ba a azabtar da ita ba.

* Royal Air Forces Escaping Society (1994)
* "M.P. Don Yaki ga Masu Baƙi" The Times, 17 ga Yuli 1963, shafi na 6&nbsp;
* Marie-Laure Le Folon (2015) Lady mensonges, Mary Lindell, jarumi na ƙarya na Resistance, Paris, Alma Edita,  
* Na ƙarshe na Cockleshell Heroes, William Sparks tare da Michael Munn,  
* Barry Wynne (1961) *Babu Drums Babu Trumpets,* London: Arthur Barker Limited.

## Manazarta