open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Asibitin West End, Kumasi

**Asibitin West End** wurin kiwon lafiya ne mai zaman kansa mai gadaje 40 a Kumasi, Ghana . An fi saninsa da "Asibitin Kwakye-Maafo " saboda hidimar da ta ke da shi a fannin haihuwa, likitan mata da mata da wanda ya kafa, Dokta JK Kwakye-Maafo, likitan likita kuma tsohon shugaban kungiyar likitocin Ghana . 

## Tarihi
Asibitin West End (mai suna bayan sanannen Westend Klinikum a yammacin Berlin, Jamus) an kafa shi a cikin 1978 a matsayin asibiti . A shekara ta 1985 ta girma zuwa asibiti da ke ba da sabis na marasa lafiya da marasa lafiya iri-iri ga babban birnin Kumasi a yankin Ashanti na Ghana. Tana a Patasi, daura da ma'ajiyar 'yan sanda a Kumasi, babban birnin yankin Ashanti. Yana da ma'aikata sama da 40.

## Sashe da wurare

* Magunguna na yau da kullun
* Magungunan yara
* Aikin tiyata na gaba ɗaya
* Magungunan haihuwa da ilimin mata / ultrasound
* Ayyukan ECG
* Shirye-shiryen EPI
* Ayyukan MCH
* Shirye-shiryen Iyali / shawarwarin son rai
* Ayyukan magunguna
* Gidan gwaje-gwaje da ayyukan bincike
* Horar da ayyukan kiwon lafiya

## Manazarta
Crossostemma

***Crossostemma*** shine asalin tsire-tsire na furanni na dangin Passifloraceae .  Kawai nau'in shine ***Crossostemma laurifolium*** . 

Yankin ƙasarsa shine Yammacin Afirka ta Yammacin Afirka zuwa Kamaru. 

## Manazarta
Gundumar Asunafo ta Kudu

**Gundumar Asunafo ta Kudu** ɗaya ce daga cikin gundumomi shida a yankin Ahafo, Ghana . Asali dai wani yanki ne na **[[Asunafo District|gundumar Asunafo]]** mafi girma a lokacin a cikin 1988, har zuwa lokacin da yankin kudancin gundumar ya rabu ta hanyar umarnin shugaban kasa John Agyekum Kufuor a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 2003 (wanda ya dace 17 Fabrairu 2004) don ƙirƙirar **gundumar Asunafo ta Kudu** ; Don haka ragowar yankin an canza shi zuwa **[[Tano North Municipal District|gundumar Asunafo ta Arewa]]**, wanda daga baya aka daga shi zuwa matsayin majalisar gundumomi a ranar 29 ga Fabrairu 2008 zuwa **Asunafo North Municipal District** . Majalisar gundumar tana yammacin yankin Ahafo kuma tana da Kukuom a matsayin babban birninta. 

## Jerin ƙauyuka

## Manazarta
Gundumar Akuapim ta Kudu

**Gundumar Akuapim ta Kudu** ɗaya ce daga cikin gundumomi talatin da uku a yankin Gabas, Ghana .     Asalinsu yana cikin **gundumar Akuapim ta Kudu** mafi girma a lokacin kuma ta farko a cikin 1988, wacce aka kirkira ta daga tsohuwar Majalisar **[[Akuapim District|gundumar Akuapim]]** ; Har sai da aka daga shi zuwa matsayin babban taron gundumomi don zama **[[Nsawam Adoagyire Municipal District|Gundumar Municipal ta Kudu ta Akuapim]]**, tare da Nsawam a matsayin babban birninta. Sai dai a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, 2012, an raba yankin arewa maso gabas na gundumar don ƙirƙirar sabuwar **gundumar Akuapim ta Kudu**, tare da Aburi a matsayin babban birninsa; Don haka an canza wa ragowar sashin suna zuwa **[[Nsawam Adoagyire Municipal District]]**, tare da Nsawam a matsayin babban birninsa. Majalisar gundumar tana yankin kudu maso gabashin yankin Gabas kuma tana da Aburi a matsayin babban birninta

## Manazarta
Darwin Glacier (Kenya)

**Darwin Glacier** tsohon glacier ne wanda ke kan Dutsen Kenya . A cikin 1947, glacier yana da tsayin mita 260 tare da yanki na 40000 sq m. tare da babba a 4835 m da ƙananan ƙarshen a 4620 m sama da matakin teku. John Walter Gregory ya ba shi suna bayan Charles Darwin a cikin 1894 " *don tunatarwa cewa don ainihin bayanin farko na kwarin glacial a Ingila muna da bashi ga marigayi Charles Darwin* ". 

A shekara ta 1987 Darwin Glacier ya ragu zuwa tsawon mita 200 kuma tare da yanki na murabba'in 14000. m. Kusan ya ɓace gaba ɗaya a shekara ta 2016 tare da Northey Glacier da ɓangaren kudu maso gabashin Lewis Glacier. Raymond Hook na Nanyuki ya rubuta wa Kwamandan P. C. Spink a 1946 cewa ya auna koma baya na kankara kuma ya sami ya zama ƙafa 200 a cikin shekaru 25. Gilashin Barlow da Kolbe sun ɓace a shekara ta 1926. Melhuish Glacier ya ɓace a shekara ta 1978. 

Gidan Darwin Glacier ya sami abinci daga Diamond Glacier da Couloir sama da shi. Haɗin ya fara raguwa a cikin shekarun 1970s. A cikin shekara ta 2014-2016 yankin kankara a kan Mt Kenya ya ragu da 44%, tare da mafi girman kankara, Lewis, ya rasa 46% na yankinsa da 57% na girmansa. An kiyasta cewa a halin yanzu na koma baya na kankara, kankara a Dutsen Kenya za su tafi nan da shekara ta 2030.

## Manazarta
Eric J. Barron

**Eric James Barron** (an haife shi a watan Oktoba 26, 1951) wani jami'in ilimi ne na Amurka wanda shine shugaban 18th na Jami'ar Jihar Pennsylvania daga 2014 har zuwa 2022.  A baya ya kasance shugaban 14th na Jami'ar Jihar Florida kuma darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Yanayin yanayi a Boulder, Colorado .

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Barron a ranar 26 ga Oktoba, 1951, a Lafayette, Indiana . Ya kammala karatu tare da digiri na farko a fannin ilimin ƙasa daga Jami'ar Jihar Florida a shekarar 1972. Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar Miami, inda ya sami Jagora na Kimiyya a cikin ilimin teku 1976 da Ph.D. a 1980. 

## Ayyuka
Daga 1980 zuwa 1985, Barron ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan bincike na post-doctoral da masanin kimiyya ta Cibiyar Nazarin Yanayi ta Kasa (NCAR) a Boulder, Colorado. Daga baya aka nada shi mataimakin farfesa a Jami'ar Miami, inda ya yi aiki daga 1985 zuwa 1986. 

A shekara ta 1986, an nada Barron a matsayin memba na ma'aikata a Jami'ar Jihar Pennsylvania a Kwalejin Duniya da Kimiyya ta Ma'adanai, ya zama Dean har sai ya bar Jihar Penn a shekara ta 2006, ya zama dean na Makarantar Jackson na Geosciences a Jami'an Texas a Austin. A can, ya rike kujerar Jackson a kimiyyar tsarin duniya.

A shekara ta 2008, Barron ya bar Jami'ar Texas ya zama darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Yanayi ta Kasa (NCAR) daga shekara ta 2008 zuwa 2010, har sai an nada shi shugaban Jami'ar Jihar Florida a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2009. 

Barron shi ne shugaban FSU na 14 daga ranar 1 ga Fabrairu, 2010,  har zuwa lokacin da ya sauka a ranar 2 ga Afrilu, 2014, bayan an nada shi shugaban da aka zaba na Jami'ar Jihar Pennsylvania a watan Fabrairun 2014.  Bayan tashiwar Rodney Erickson a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 2014, Barron ya zama shugaban kasa na 18 na Jihar Penn.

A lokacin da yake shugaban jihar Penn, ya zauna a gidan Schreyer, gidan shugaban jami'ar. A watan Fabrairun 2021, Barron ya nuna wa Hukumar Amintattun Jihar Penn niyyarsa ta yi ritaya a ƙarshen kwangilarsa, a watan Yunin 2022. Lokacin Barron ya ƙare a watan Mayu 2022, lokacin da Neeli Bendapudi ya gaje shi. A lokacin shugabancinsa, daya daga cikin abubuwan da Barron ya mayar da hankali shine ƙoƙarin canza tsarin Rayuwar Girka a Jihar Penn bayan mutuwar Tim Piazza . 

Barron ɗan'uwan Ƙungiyar Amirka ce don Ci gaban Kimiyya kuma ya kasance shugaban kwamitocin da bangarori da yawa na Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Kasa, NASA da Majalisar Bincike ta Kasa ta Amurka (NRC), gami da kwamitin binciken yanayi na NRC, kwamitin NRC kan kimiyyar yanayi da yanayi da kwamitin gudanarwa na NASA na lura da tsarin binciken ƙasa.

## Manazarta
Mazzuma

**Mazzuma** shine yanayin yanayin biyan kuɗi ta hannu wanda ke amfani da Intelligence Artificial da Blockchain don sauƙaƙe ma'amaloli . Hedkwatarta tana Accra, Ghana. 

## Tarihi
Kofi Genfi da Nii Osae Dade ne suka kafa Mazzuma a shekarar 2015 wadanda dukansu an ambaci sunayensu a cikin Forbes Africa 30 a karkashin 30 Fasahar Fasaha a shekarar 2018. Mazzuma a halin yanzu tana da abokan ciniki sama da 300,000 waɗanda ke amfani da sabis ɗin don biyan kuɗi da karɓar kuɗi.

Kamfanonin abokan hulɗarta sun haɗa da MTN Ghana, Vodafone, Shirin Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, AirtelTigo, RemitONE, Kasuwanci na Kasa da Innovation Plan da Crypto Valley . 

Mazzuma ta aiwatar da Ma'amaloli kuma tare da Application Programming Interface (API), hadin gwiwar shagunan E-commerce da masu haɓakawa cikin tsarin sa.

## Manazarta
Makarantar Sakandare ta Mawuko

**EPC Mawuko Girls' High School**, Ghana, ita ce cibiyar koyar da yara mata da marigayi Farfesa Noah Komla Dzobo na cocin Evangelical Presbyterian, Ghana ya kafa.

## Tarihi
An kafa makarantar a 1983 kuma ta sami matsayin makarantar kwana a shekarar 1997. Darussan da aka koyar sun hada da Kasuwanci, Tattalin Arziki na Gida, Ayyuka na Kayayyaki da Ayyuka. Ms. Janet Kwasi ita ce shugabar makarantar tun daga shekarar 2014. Makarantar ita ce babbar makarantar sakandare ta biyu ga 'yan mata a Ho, babban birnin yankin Volta kuma tana kula da taken, "Ilimi mace ga Allah kuma ilimantar da dukan al'umma ga Allah".

## Shirye-shiryen da aka bayar

* Kasuwanci
* Aikin noma
* Tattalin Arziki na Gida
* Ayyukan gani
* Ayyuka na gaba ɗaya
* Kimiyya ta Gaba ɗaya

## Shahararrun ɗalibai

* Emefa Akosua Adeti, samfurin Ghana da kuma mutumin talabijin
* Selase Agbenyefia, matukin jirgi na farko na Ghana
* Victoria Michaels, samfurin, gunkin kayan ado, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, jakadan alama da kuma mai ba da agaji
* Juliet Bawuah, 'yar jaridar wasanni ta Ghana

## Manazarta
Gidan Ikoyi

**Lambun, Ikoyi** wuri ne mai koren birni wanda ke kan titin Alfred Rewane, Ikoyi, Legas .  An buɗe wannan lambun a cikin Nuwamba 2022 kuma ana kula da shi ta Lambunan RF.  Lambun yana da kujeru, filin waje don ƙarancin nishaɗi, ƙananan taro, tallace-tallace na abinci, ɗakin kwana na cikin gida, da hadadden ofis .

## Gidan wasan kwaikwayo

Fayil:RF_Gardens,_Ikoyi_06.jpg|alt=The Garden, Ikoyi| Lambun, Ikoyi
Fayil:RF_Gardens,_Ikoyi_02.jpg|alt=A view at The Garden, Ikoyi| Duba a The Garden, Ikoyi
Fayil:RF_Gardens,_Ikoyi_11.jpg|alt=The Indoor Lounge at The Garden Ikoyi| Zauren Cikin Gida a Lambun Ikoyi
Fayil:RF_Gardens,_Ikoyi_20.jpg|alt=Walkway to Exit at The Garden Ikoyi| Tafiya zuwa Fita a Lambun Ikoyi
Fayil:RF_Gardens,_Ikoyi_12.jpg|alt=The Indoor Lounge at The Garden Ikoyi 2| Lounge na cikin gida a Lambun Ikoyi 2
Fayil:RF_Gardens,_Ikoyi_04.jpg|alt=The Outdoor Space at The Garden Ikoyi| Filin Waje a Lambun Ikoyi


## Manazarta
Cibiyar Taron Kasa da Kasa ta Obi Wali

**Obi Wali International Conference Centre** cibiyar taro ce a Port Harcourt, Jihar Ribas, Najeriya. Sunan ta ne don girmamawa da tunawa da Obi Wali, fitaccen dan siyasa daga Ikwerreland kuma gwamnatin jihar ke tafiyar da ita .

An tsara shirye-shiryen gina cibiyar taron a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2008.  Ginin ya fara ne a shekarar 2012 kuma an bude wurin ne a hukumance don amfani da jama'a a shekarar 2014. 

## Abubuwan da suka faru
Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jihar Rivers ta dauki bakuncin taron ta a wannan wurin a shekarar 2016.

* A ranar 10 ga Yuni 2016, an ba da sanarwar cewa za a gudanar da bikin bayar da kyautar fim din Afirka na 12 a wurin a ranar Asabar, 11 ga Yuni. 
*
* Za a gudanar da taron Nigerian Optometric Association (NOA) da Expo 2016 a nan daga 13 zuwa 16 ga Yuli 2016. 
*
* An gudanar da bikin gine-ginen Afirka ta Yamma (WAAF 2016) a ranar 24th-28 ga Oktoba a Cibiyar Taron Man Fetur da Gas ta Obi Wali 
*
* An kuma gudanar da bikin gine-ginen Afirka ta Yamma (WAAF 2017) a ranar 24th-28 ga Oktoba a Cibiyar Taron Obi Wali 
*
* Cibiyar Gine-gine ta Najeriya ta kuma sanar da cewa za a gudanar da bikin Yammacin Afirka na 2018 a Cibiyar Taron Obi-Wali 

## Manazarta
Muhammad Ahmad Mahgoub

**Muhammad Ahmad Mahgoub** (Arabic: محمد أحمد المحجوب, romanized: Muḥammad Aḥmad al-Maḥjūb; 17 May 1908 – 23 June 1976) Dan siyasar kasar wanda yaza Ministan harkokin wajan kasar da Kuma Prime Ministan Sudan na biyar. She sanannen marubuci ne, wanda ya wallafa rubutu masu yawa da yaran larabci.

An haife shi a garin Ed Dueim a shekarar 1908. Ya koma Khartoum yana da shekaru bakwai. Mahgoub ya kammala karatu daga makarantar injiniya a shekarar 1929 kuma a shekarar 1938, ya sami digiri na farko na Shari'a daga Kwalejin Gordon Memorial . An zabe shi a majalisa a shekarar 1946. Bayan samun 'yancin kai, Mahgoub ya kasance ministan harkokin waje tsakanin shekarar 1956 da 1958, sannan kuma tsakanin shekarar 1964 da 1965. A shekarar 1965, an zabe shi Firayim Minista, amma daga baya aka tilasta masa ya yi murabus. A shekara ta 1967, an zabe shi Firayim Minista a karo na biyu kuma ya yi aiki a wannan mukamar har zuwa juyin mulkin shekarar 1969.

Gwamnatin Mahgoub na 1965 tana da manufofi guda biyu: ci gaba ta hanyar warware Matsalar kudanci da kuma cire communists daga mukamai na iko. Sojojin sun kaddamar da babban hari don murkushe yan tawaye kuma a cikin tsari sun kara sunanta na zalunci tsakanin mutanen kudu. Mutane da yawa na kudanci sun ba da rahoton cin zarafin gwamnati a kan fararen hula, musamman a Juba da Wau. Sojojin Sudan sun kuma ƙone majami'u da gidaje, sun rufe makarantu, sun lalata amfanin gona kuma sun sace shanu.

Manufofin yaki na Mahgoub a Sudan ta Kudu an nuna Yana dauke da matsanancin zalunci da kuma yin amfani da ta'addanci ba tare da nuna bambanci ba, ya kai matakin tashin hankalin da ba a taɓa fuskanta ba a kudu. Yaƙin neman zaɓen shi, wanda ya haɗa da kisan kiyashi a kan fararen hula na kudanci da fashi wanda ya lalata dukan garuruwa, wasu masana illimi sun bayyana shi a matsayin kisan kare dangi kuma an kwatanta su da hanyoyin Alphonse de Malzac, wani bautar White Nile na Turai na ƙarni na 19.

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Rarrabawar saturating na tushe

**Base-cation saturation ratio** (BCSR) is a method of interpreting soil test results that is widely used in sustainable agriculture, supported by the National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service (ATTRA) and claimed to be successfully in use on over a million acres (4,000&nbsp;km2) of farmland worldwide. The traditional method, as used by most university laboratories, is known variously as the 'sufficiency level', sufficiency level of available nutrients (SLAN), or Index(UK) system. The sufficiency level system is concerned only with keeping plant-available nutrient levels within a well studied range, making sure there is neither a deficiency nor an excess. In the BCSR system, soil cations are balanced according to varying ratios often stated as giving 'ideal' or 'balanced' soil. These ratios can be between individual cations, such as the calcium to magnesium ratio, or they may be expressed as a percentage saturation of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the soil. Most 'ideal soil' theories stress both approaches. (See also – Cation exchange capacity)

A takaice dai, 'tushe' cations suna iyakance ga calcium, Magnesium, potassium, da sodium, kuma waɗannan sune abubuwan gina jiki na farko waɗanda hanyoyin BCSR suka fi damuwa da daidaitawa. Koyaya, yawancin masu goyon bayan ka'idodin 'ƙasa mai kyau' suma suna jaddada muhimmancin daidaita anions phosphorus, sulphur da chlorine da kuma ƙananan abubuwa da yawa. Tsarin SLAN na al'ada ba ya gwadawa ga ƙananan abubuwa da abubuwan ganowa sai dai idan akwai isasshen dalilin da zai iya zargin rashi ko guba.

## Manazarta
Jerin halaye na ciyarwa

**[[abinci]]** shine tsari wanda kwayoyin halitta, yawanci Dabbobi, ke samun abinci. Kalmar magana sau da yawa tana amfani da ko dai -vore, -vory, ko -vorous daga Latin *vorare*, ma'ana "don cinyewa", ko -phage, -phagy, ko -phagous daga Girkanci φαγεῖν (), ma'ana ""don cin abinci".

## Tarihin juyin halitta
Juyin halitta na ciyarwa ya bambanta tare da wasu dabarun ciyarwa da ke tasowa sau da yawa a cikin zuriya masu zaman kansu. A cikin dabbobi masu laushi na ƙasa, siffofin farko sun kasance manyan Masu cin kifi masu cin kifin shekaru miliyan 400 da suka gabata. Yayinda amphibians suka ci gaba da cin kifi da kwari daga baya, dabbobi masu rarrafe sun fara bincika sababbin nau'ikan abinci guda biyu, wasu tetrapods (carnivory), kuma daga baya, shuke-shuke (herbivory). Carnivory wani canji ne na halitta daga kwari don matsakaici da manyan tetrapods, yana buƙatar karamin karbuwa (da bambanci, wani rikitarwa na karbuwa ya zama dole don ciyar da kayan shuke-shuke masu tsayi sosai). 

## Manazarta
Algothi

Algophagy wani hali ne na ciyarwa inda dabba ke cin algae a matsayin tushen abinci. Algae rukuni ne na kwayoyin photosynthetic waɗanda galibi suna dogaro da yanayin ruwa. Suna girma ƙasa zuwa ƙasa saboda ba su da ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi, daidaitawa bayan asalin su. Duk da yake ƙungiyar nau'ikan algal suna da girma, an yarda da cewa algae yana da ƙimar abinci mai gina jiki kuma sau da yawa yana ƙunshe da bitamin da ma'adanai iri-iri.

Algophagy wani hali ne na ciyarwa inda dabba ke cin algae a matsayin tushen abinci. Algae rukuni ne na kwayoyin photosynthetic waɗanda galibi suna dogaro da yanayin ruwa. Suna girma ƙasa zuwa ƙasa saboda ba su da ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi, daidaitawa bayan asalin su. Duk da yake ƙungiyar nau'ikan algal suna da girma, an yarda da cewa algae yana da ƙimar abinci mai gina jiki kuma sau da yawa yana ƙunshe da bitamin da ma'adanai iri-iri. a matsayin halayyar ciyarwa an fara lura da shi a cikin wallafe-wallafen Deonier (1972) a cikin bayanin su na halaye na ciyar da kwari na bakin teku (Ephydridae). [1] A cikin wannan mahallin, an yi amfani da wannan kalmar don bayyana halayyar waɗannan kwari da ke cinyewa da narke algae. An kuma lura da wannan salon ciyarwa a wasu dabbobi a cikin wallafe-wallafen kwanan nan.

Duk da yake an lura da wannan hali a cikin kwari iri-iri (musamman *Ameletus* mayflies), an kuma lura da shi a wasu dabbobi masu guba kamar su crab *Carcinus maenas* da  mite. Bugu da ƙari, an lura da wannan hali a cikin dabbobi kamar chimpanzee Pan troglodytes, tumaki *[[Rago|Ovis aries]],* da kaza *[[Kaza|Gallus gallus domesticus]].* Wannan halayyar ciyarwa ta karɓi kwanan nan ta mutane.

## Manazarta
Abinci na kumfa

Binciken burbushin abinci shine halayyar ciyarwa da ke cikin humpback whales  da Bryde's whales.  Yana daya daga cikin 'yan halaye na ciyarwa da aka sani da humpback whales don shiga. Ana iya yin irin wannan ciyarwa shi kaɗai ko a cikin rukuni tare da kusan whales ashirin da ke shiga lokaci guda. Whales kuma na iya yin irin wannan hanyar ciyar da farfajiyar da ake kira " ciyar da farfadowa".

Humpback whales suna ƙaura kuma suna cin abinci ne kawai a cikin rabin shekara. A lokacin wannan lokacin ciyarwa humpback whales suna cin abinci har zuwa sa'o'i ashirin da biyu a rana. Suna yin haka don su iya adana isasshen kitse don rayuwa ta lokacin haifuwa lokacin da ba su ci komai ba. Humpback whales yawanci suna ciyar da watanni na rani a wuraren ciyarwa tare da ruwa mai sanyi wanda suke dawowa kowace shekara. An rubuta su suna ciyarwa a yankuna kamar Kudu maso gabashin Alaska da bakin tekun Antarctica.

## Manazarta
Rashin ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano

**Rashin [[dandano]] mai ɗanɗano** yana faruwa ne lokacin da dabba ta sami ƙin ɗanɗano na abinci wanda aka haɗa shi da ƙin ƙyama. Sakamakon ya bayyana cewa ƙin yarda yana tasowa sosai ga abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙishirwa fiye da sauran abubuwan da ke motsawa. Ana ɗaukar wannan a matsayin yanayin daidaitawa ko hanyar rayuwa wanda ke ba da damar kwayar halitta ta guje wa abubuwa masu guba (misali, 'ya'yan itatuwa masu guba) kafin su haifar da lahani. Rashin jin daɗi yana rage cinye abu ɗaya (ko wani abu mai ɗanɗano iri ɗaya) a nan gaba, don haka guje wa guba.

Bincike kan ƙin ɗanɗano wanda ya haɗa da beraye masu haskakawa an gudanar da shi a cikin shekarun 1950 ta hanyar John Garcia,  wanda ya haifar da wani lokacin ana kiransa **Tasirin Garcia**.

Rashin ɗanɗano na yanayi na iya faruwa lokacin da rashin lafiya ya dace da, kuma ba ya haifar da, abin da aka cinye. Misali, mutumin da ya yi rashin lafiya sosai bayan ya sha giya na tequila-da-orange-juice na iya zama mai ƙyama ga dandano ruwan orange, duk da cewa cutar ta haifar da yawan shan barasa. A karkashin wadannan yanayi, wani lokacin ana kiran rashin jin daɗi da cutar sauce-bearnaise, kalmar da Seligman da Hager suka kirkira.

## Manazarta
Ma'amala da masu amfani

Ma'amala da mabukaci da albarkatun sune ainihin jigon sarkar Abinci na muhalli ko shafukan yanar gizo na abinci,  kuma suna da kalmar laima don nau'ikan nau'ikan jinsunan halittu masu yawa ciki har da ganima-mai cin nama (duba farauta), mai karɓar bakuncin-parasite (duba parasitism), shuka-herbivore da tsarin mai cin zarafi. Wadannan nau'ikan hulɗa an yi nazari da kuma tsara su ta hanyar masu ilimin muhalli na kusan ƙarni guda. Dabbobi a kasan jerin abinci, kamar algae da sauran autotrophs, suna cinye albarkatun da ba na halitta ba, kamar ma'adanai da abubuwan gina jiki iri daban-daban, kuma suna samun makamashi daga haske (photons) ko tushen sunadarai. Dabbobi da ke sama a cikin jerin abinci suna rayuwa ta hanyar cinye wasu nau'o'in kuma ana iya rarraba su ta hanyar abin da suke ci da kuma yadda suke samun ko samun abincin su.

Kalmomi daban-daban sun taso don bayyana masu amfani da abin da suke ci, kamar Masu cin nama, Masu cin kifi, Masu cin kwari, masu cin shuke-shuke, Masu cin ganyayyaki, masu cin iri, da masu cin 'ya'yan itace da masu cin nama ne da masu cin shuka. Akwai rarrabuwa mai zurfi na nau'ikan masu amfani bisa ga jerin halaye na ciyarwa. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]&#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Manazarta
CRON-Abinci

CRON-diet (Kuntataccen Calorie tare da *CR-abinci* Mai Kyau)  abinci ne mai gina jiki, wanda Roy Walford, Lisa Walford, da Brian M. Delaney suka haɓaka.  Abinci na CRON ya haɗa da ƙuntatawar adadin kuzari da fatan cewa aikin zai inganta lafiya da jinkirta tsufa, yayin da har yanzu yana ƙoƙarin samar da adadin abubuwan gina jiki daban-daban da aka ba da shawarar yau da kullun. Sauran sunayen sun hada da CR-diet, Longevity diet, da Anti-Aging Plan. Walfords da Delaney, da sauransu, sun kafa CR Society International don inganta abinci na CRON.

## Manazarta
Ilimin abinci na beyar launin ruwan kasa

bear mai launin ruwan kasa (*Ursus arctos)*  yana daya daga cikin dabbobi mai cin komai a duniya kuma an rubuta shi don cin abinci mafi girma na kowane bear. A duk rayuwarsu, wannan nau'in yana da sha'awar cin kusan kowane abu ko abu da suka haɗu da shi. Tabbas babu wani dabba a cikin tsarin halittu da aka ba su, wanda watakila ya rage na wasu nau'ikan beyar da mutane, wanda zai iya da'awar cin abinci a cikin dama mai yawa. Abinci da ke da yawa kuma ana samun saukin samu ya fi so. Tsarin jaw din su ya samo asali ne don dacewa da dabi'un cin abinci. Abincinsu ya bambanta sosai a duk yankunansu daban-daban bisa ga dama. A lokacin bazara, gawawwakin da aka samar da hunturu, ciyawa, tsiro, sedges da forbs sune manyan abubuwan abinci ga bears masu launin ruwan kasa daga kusan kowane bangare na rarraba su. 'Ya'yan itace, gami da 'ya'yan itacen, suna ƙara zama da muhimmanci a lokacin rani da farkon kaka. Tushen da kwararan fitila sun zama masu mahimmanci a cikin kaka ga wasu yawan beyar cikin gida idan amfanin 'ya'yan itace ba su da kyau. An kwatanta bambancin abinci a yammacin Amurka, kamar yadda nama ya kasance kashi 51% na matsakaicin abinci na shekara-shekara don grizzly bears daga Yellowstone National Park, yayin da ya kasance kashi 11% kawai na abincin shekara-sheko don grizzlies daga Glacier National Park 'yan mil ɗari zuwa arewa.

## Dabbobi masu shayarwa

## Manazarta
Shewit Shanka

**Shewit Shanka Shashigo**, (Wolaytta: Shaashigo Shankka Shawito,)  Ta kasance yar siyasar kasar etopiyace wacce tayi ai a matsayin Ministan Al'adu da wassani tun watan julin shekarar 2024.

## Ayyuka
Shewit tana wakiltar Wolaitans a cikin House of Peoples' Representatives a matsayin wakiliya daga mazabar Boloso Sore 2. Ta yi wa kasar ta hidima a matakai daban-daban. Kafin ta jagoranci Ma'aikatar Al'adu da Wasanni ta Habasha, ta kasance Shugabar Kwamitin Tsaro na tsara birane da tafiyetafiye .  Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin manajan Hukumar Kula da Ilimi da Horarwa ta Addis Ababa da Hukumar Tabbatar da Kwarewar Kwarewa.

## Manazarta
Gilashin Calabash

Calabash chalk wani abu ne na geophagic wanda aka fi amfani da shi a kasashen Yammacin Afirka don jin daɗi, kuma mata masu juna biyu a matsayin magani ga ƙishirwa. Geophagia shine aikin cin ƙasa, gami da ƙasa da ƙyalli. Wannan aikin ba sabon abu ba ne ko kuma tsohon yayi kuma ana iya danganta shi da imani na addini, magani ko kuma a matsayin wani ɓangare na abinci na yau da kullun. Wannan aikin na iya fallasa mabukaci ga abubuwa masu guba da kwayar cuta da aka samu a cikin ƙasar da aka sha.

## Sunan

Calabash chalk wani abu ne na halitta wanda ya kunshi burbushin teku. Koyaya, ana iya shirya shi ta hanyar wucin gadi ta hanyar haɗakar yumɓu, yashi, toka na itace har ma da gishiri. Ta hanyar gyare-gyare da dumama wannan cakuda, ana samun chalk na calabash. Ana samunsa azaman foda, siffar da aka ƙera ko toshe. 

## Binciken burbushin abinci shine halayyar ciyarwa da ke cikin humpback whales [1] da Bryde's whales. [2] Yana daya daga cikin 'yan halaye na ciyarwa da aka sani da humpback whales don shiga.[3] Ana iya yin irin wannan ciyarwa shi kaɗai ko a cikin rukuni tare da kusan whales ashirin da ke shiga lokaci guda.[4] Whales kuma na iya yin irin wannan hanyar ciyar da farfajiyar da ake kira " ciyar da farfadowa".[3][4]Bayanan da aka ambata
Lissafin Chesson

Manly-Chesson's Index (ko Manly's alpha, ko Chesson"s index) yana nufin wani index don tantance zaɓaɓɓen abinci a kan abubuwa masu rarrabe. Bryan F. J. Manly da Jean Chesson ne suka bayyana shi daban a cikin shekarun 1970s. Da farko an bayyana shi don nau'ikan abinci daban-daban guda biyu, amma daga baya aka kara shi don haɗawa da ƙarin nau'ikan abincin.

Amfani da wannan alamar ya bazu tare da fiye da 400 citations a cikin wallafe-wallafen kimiyya.

## Manazarta
Ilimin abinci na kifin Nilu

Yankunan Nilu sune Masu cin nama a duk faɗin su. A cikin ruwa, wannan nau'in mai farauta ne mai saurin gudu wanda ke dogaro da motsi da na'urori masu auna matsin lamba don kama duk wani ganima da ke gabatar da kansa a ciki ko kusa da bakin teku. Daga cikin ruwa, duk da haka, giwayen Nilu na iya dogaro da gaɓoɓinsa kawai, yayin da yake tsere a kan ƙasa mai ƙarfi, don bin ganima. Ko ta yaya suke kai farmaki ga ganima, wannan da sauran crocodilians suna ɗaukar kusan duk abincin su ta hanyar kwanto, suna buƙatar kama ganimarsu a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci don cin nasara. Suna da metabolism na ectothermic, don haka zasu iya rayuwa na dogon lokaci tsakanin abinci - kodayake lokacin da suka ci, zasu iya cin rabin nauyin jikinsu a lokaci guda. Koyaya, ga irin waɗannan manyan dabbobi, ciki suna da ɗan ƙarami, ba su da girma fiye da Kwando a cikin matsakaicin girman babba, don haka a matsayin doka, duk abin da ba masu cin abinci ba ne. giwaye suna ciyarwa sosai fiye da dattawan su bisa ga binciken da aka yi a Uganda da Zambia. Gabaɗaya, a mafi ƙanƙanta (0.3-1   in - 3  in)), Yankunan Nilu suna iya samun cikakken ciki (17.4% cikakke a kowace Cott); manya a 3-4   in - 1 1 in) a tsawon suna iya samun ciki mara amfani (20.2%).  mafi girman girman girman da Cott ya yi nazari, 4-5 m (13  in - 16 ft 5 in), su ne na biyu mafi kusantar ko dai suna da cikakken ciki (10%) ko ciki mara amfani (20%).  Sauran binciken sun kuma nuna adadi mai yawa na tsofaffin aladu na Nilu tare da ciki mara amfani. Misali, a Tafkin Turkana, Kenya, 48.4% na crocodiles suna da ciki mara amfani. Ciki na mata masu shayarwa koyaushe babu komai, ma'ana suna iya rayuwa watanni da yawa ba tare da abinci ba.

## Dabbobi masu rarrafe da dabbobi masu rai da ruwa

## Manazarta
Halin cin abinci a cikin kwari

Insects suna daga cikin kungiyoyin Dabbobi daban-daban a duniya, gami da fiye da nau'in da aka bayyana miliyan daya kuma suna wakiltar fiye da rabin dukkan halittu masu rai da aka sani. An kiyasta yawan jinsunan da ke Kwari a tsakanin miliyan shida zuwa goma,   wanda aka samo a kusan dukkanin mahalli, kodayake ƙananan jinsunan ne kawai ke faruwa a cikin teku. Wannan babban abin da ya wanzu yana nau'o'in cewa halaye na abinci na taxa sun haɗa da halaye iri-iri.

The insect mouthparts consist of the maxilla, labium, and in some species the mandibles. The labrum is a simple fused sclerite, often called the upper lip, and moves longitudinally, which is hinged to the clypeus. The mandibles (jaws) are a highly sclerotized pair of structures that move at right angles to the body; used for biting, chewing and severing food. The maxillae are paired structures that can also move at right angles to the body and possess segmented palps. The labium (lower lip) is the fused structure that moves longitudinally and possesses a pair of segmented palps.

Ana iya bayyana bangarorin baki, tare da sauran kai a kalla wurare daban-daban guda uku: prognathous, opisthognathous da hypognathous. A cikin jinsunan da ke da maganganu masu tsayi, an sanya kai tsaye a tsaye tare da jiki, kamar nau'in Formicidae; yayin da yake cikin nau'in hypognathous, an daidaita kai a kwance kusa da jiki. A cikin wani opisthognathous kai, an sanya shi a diagonal, kamar nau'in Blattodea da wasu Coleopterans. Abubuwan baki sun bambanta sosai tsakanin kwari na umarni daban-daban amma akwai manyan ƙungiyoyi biyu masu aiki: mandibulate da haustellate. Haustellate mouthparts sune waɗanda ake amfani da su don shan ruwa kuma ana iya rarraba su, ta hanyar kasancewar stylets, wanda ya haɗa da: shan-shakewa, sponging, da siphoning. stylests sune tsinkaye masu kama da allura da aka yi amfani da su don shiga cikin shuka da nama. Styles da bututun ciyarwa sun samar da mandibles, maxilla, da hypopharynx.

## Manazarta
Cin abinci na motsin rai

**Cin abinci na motsin rai**, wanda aka fi sani da cin abinci na damuwa, cin abinci na ta'aziyya da **cin abinci mai yawa**,  an bayyana shi a matsayin "halayyar cin abinci don amsawa ga motsin rai mai kyau da mara kyau".  Duk da yake kalmar galibi tana nufin cin abinci a matsayin hanyar magance mummunan motsin rai, wani lokacin yakan haɗa da cin abinci don motsin rai mai kyau, kamar cin abinci mai yawa yayin bikin wani taron ko don inganta halin da ya riga ya kasance mai kyau.

## Manazarta
Misalai na juyin halitta na raba abinci

Masana ilimin halitta na juyin halitta sun haɓaka samfuran ra'ayi daban-daban don bayyana juyin halitta na halayyar raba abinci - "[d]an bayyana shi azaman canja wurin abinci ba tare da tsayayya ba" daga mutum ɗaya mai motsa abinci zuwa wani  - tsakanin mutane   da sauran dabbobi.  

Misalai na raba abinci sun dogara ne akan ƙa'idar juyin halitta gaba ɗaya. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da su ga halayyar ɗan adam, ana ɗaukar waɗannan samfuran reshe ne na halayyar mutum. Masu bincike sun haɓaka nau'ikan samfuran raba abinci da yawa, waɗanda suka haɗa da abubuwan da suka faru kamar Zaɓin dangi, sadaukarwa, sata mai haƙuri, hadin gwiwar rukuni, da siginar kuɗi mai tsada. Zaɓin dangi da samfuran sadaukarwa na raba abinci sun dogara ne akan ra'ayoyin juyin halitta na zabin dangi da sadaukarwa. Tunda tushen ka'idojin waɗannan samfuran ya haɗa da lafiyar haihuwa, ɗayan mahimman ra'ayoyin waɗannan samfuran shine cewa tarin albarkatu mafi girma yana ƙara lafiyar haihuwa. An yi la'akari da raba abinci a matsayin muhimmiyar ci gaba a farkon juyin halitta na ɗan adam.

## Manazarta
Maganin narkewa na waje

**Maganin narkewar phototropic na waje** tsari ne wanda saprobionts ke ciyarwa ta hanyar ɓoye enzymes ta hanyar membrane na tantanin halitta a kan abinci. Enzymes suna haɓaka narkewar abinci, watau, watsawa, sufuri, osmotrophy ko phagocytosis. Tun da narkewa yana faruwa a waje da tantanin halitta, an ce yana waje da tantancewa. Yana faruwa ko dai a ciki lumen na Tsarin narkewa, a cikin rami na ciki ko wani sashi na narkewa. A lokacin narkewar extracellular, abinci yana rushewa a waje da tantanin halitta ko dai ta hanyar inji ko tare da acid ta hanyar kwayoyin musamman da ake kira enzymes. Sa'an nan kuma sabbin abubuwan gina jiki da suka lalace za su iya shawo kan sel da ke kusa. Mutane suna amfani da narkewar extracellular lokacin da suke cin abinci. Hanyoyin su suna niƙa abinci, enzymes da acid a cikin ciki suna narkar da shi, kuma ƙarin enzymes a cikin ƙananan hanji suna karya abinci zuwa sassa waɗanda ƙwayoyin su zasu iya amfani da su. Magungunan extracellular wani nau'i ne na narkewa da aka samu a cikin dukkan saprobiontic annelids, crustaceans, arthropods, lichens da chordates, gami da vertebrates.  

Fungi sune kwayoyin heterotrophic. Abinci na Heterotrophic yana nufin cewa ƙwayoyin cuta suna amfani da tushen makamashi na kwayoyin halitta, kayan kwayoyin halitta ko kwayoyin halitta. Ana samun makamashi daga rushewar haɗin sunadarai tsakanin carbon da ko dai carbon ko wasu abubuwan da ke cikin mahadi kamar ion phosphate. Tushen makamashi na waje na iya zama sukari mai sauƙi, polypeptides ko ƙarin rikitarwa carbohydrate.

Fungi na iya shan ƙananan kwayoyin ne kawai ta bangon su. Don ƙwayoyin cuta su sami bukatun su na makamashi, suna samun kuma suna shan kwayoyin halitta da suka dace da bukatun su, ko dai nan da nan ko bin wasu nau'ikan raguwar enzyme a waje da Tallus. Ana shawo kan ƙananan kwayoyin, ana amfani da su kai tsaye ko sakewa (sake canzawa) zuwa kwayoyin halitta a cikin tantanin halitta.

## Manazarta
Girma Amente

**Girma Amente** 'Dan siyasan Kasar Habasha ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Noma na Kasar Habasha daga watan Janairun shekarar 2023 zuwa watan Agusta shekarar 2025.  Ya kuma kasance memba ne na Kwamitin Gudanar da Bankin Ci Gaban Habasha tun daga ranar 12 ga watan Fabrairu, shekarar 2024. 

## Ilimi
Girma ya samu digirinsa na farko a fannin daji wato (forestry) daga Jami'ar Harmaya dake habasha , sanan ya samu digirinsa na biyu daga Jami'ar Swedish na harkan Noma sanan kuma ya samu digirinsa na uku a fannin Al'adu a zamanan ce daga makarantar Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Germany.&#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Inda Aka Samu Bayanan da aka ambata
Yunwa a Honduras

**Yunwa a Honduras** lamari ne da ya yadu wanda ke shafar wani bangare mai yawa na yawan jama'a. A matsayin daya daga cikin kasashe mafi talauci a Latin Amurka, Honduras tana fuskantar matakan rashin tsaro na abinci, wanda ya shafi abubuwan da suka shafi talauci, abubuwan da suka faru da yanayi, da kuma iyakance damar samun albarkatu da ababen more rayuwa. Yankunan karkara suna da tasiri sosai, tare da gidaje da yawa da ke fuskantar ƙalubale wajen samun isasshen abinci mai gina jiki. Bala'o'i na halitta, kamar guguwa da fari, sau da yawa suna lalata samar da noma, wanda ke haifar da karancin abinci da matsalolin tattalin arziki. Shirye-shirye daban-daban suna da niyyar magance yunwa a cikin ƙasar ta hanyar inganta tsarin abinci, inganta juriya ga tasirin yanayi, da haɓaka damar shirye-shiryen tallafin abinci mai gina jiki.

## Manazarta
Tsaron abinci a Najeriya

Najeriya ita ce ƙasa mafi yawan jama'a a Afirka; mazaunin sama da mutane miliyan 206. Yunwa tana daya daga cikin manyan batutuwan da ke shafar 'yan ƙasa. 40% (mutane miliyan 82) na 'yan ƙasa suna zaune a ƙasa da Layin Talauci na Duniya na $ 1.90 kowace rana, yayin da wasu 25% suna da rauni. Najeriya ta kasance ta biyu mafi talauci a cikin wadatar abinci a duniya ta Cibiyar Nazarin Ci Gaban, Ingila.

A watan Yulin 2025 Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ba da rahoton cewa kusan 'yan Najeriya miliyan 31 suna fuskantar matsanancin rashin tsaro na abinci.

Wannan ya faru ne saboda dalilai da yawa, gami da canjin yanayi, lalacewar muhalli kamar rikice-rikicen sare daji, da talauci.

## Dalilan da suka haifar
Abubuwan da ke ba da gudummawa ga yunwa a jihohi daban-daban na Najeriya sune Rashin tsaro, abubuwan muhalli kamar lalacewar mazaunin, kalubalen tattalin arziki, da kuma tasirin COVID-19. 

Canjin yanayi yana daya daga cikin manyan barazanar tsaro na abinci a Najeriya. Kasar ta riga ta fuskanci tasirin canjin yanayi, kamar fari da ambaliyar ruwa. Wadannan abubuwan da suka faru na yanayi na iya lalata amfanin gona da dabbobi, suna sa manoma su samar da isasshen abinci.

## Manazarta
Yunwa a Siriya

**Yunwa a [[Siriya]]** wani rikici ne na yau da kullun wanda ya zama sananne tun lokacin da Yaƙin basasar Siriya ya ɓarke kuma ya kara tsanantawa da ƙoƙarin ƙasar na sarrafa yaduwar coronavirus na covid-19. Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ruwaito a shekarar 2020 cewa Siriya ta fuskanci "matsalar yunwa da ba a taɓa gani ba" yayin da farashin abinci ya tashi da kashi 200 cikin dari a cikin shekara guda  tare da "dubu da yawa" a cikin haɗarin yunwa a yankin arewa maso yammacin ƙasar, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin "mafi munin matsalar jin kai tun lokacin da tashin hankali ya ɓarke a Siriya shekaru tara da suka gabata". Shirin Abinci na Duniya yana tallafawa Siriya miliyan 4.8 da ke buƙatar abinci.

A watan Yunin 2020, shugaban Shirin Abinci na Duniya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, David Beasley, ya ce 'yan Siriya miliyan daya suna cikin matsanancin bukatar abinci, tare da haɗarin yunwa ba tare da kudi ba. Rashin abinci ya kara tsanantawa ta hanyar kokarin kasar na sarrafa yaduwar Cutar COVID-19 a cikin 2020. A watan Yulin 2020, kimanin 'yan Siriya miliyan 8-9, wanda ke wakiltar kusan rabin kasar, an sanya su a matsayin rashin tsaro na abinci, wanda ya kasance karuwar mutane miliyan 1.4 tun farkon shekara. Ya zuwa watan Fabrairun 2021, Shirin Abinci na Duniya ya ba da rahoton wannan adadin a matsayin mutane miliyan 9.3, mafi girman adadin da aka taɓa yin rikodin.

## Dalilin matsalolin
Siriya tana fuskantar matsaloli da yawa don shawo kan karancin abinci. Musamman, rikici ya rushe aikin gona da aikin gona, mabuɗin tattalin arzikin ƙasar kafin rikici. Abinci da ake samu sau da yawa ba za a iya biya shi ba, yayin da matakan kullewar coronavirus suka hana samun kudin shiga. A cikin matsanancin yanayi, mutane sun koma tafasa da cin ganyayyaki cikin matsananciyar damuwa.
Yunwa a Zimbabwe

Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ce ta fara yin rikodin **Yunwa a [[Zimbabwe]]** a shekara ta 2004. Yana da, duk da haka, dogon tarihi wanda ya samo asali ne daga farkon 2000. Tun lokacin da kasar ta sami 'yancin kai, Zimbabwe ta fuskanci matsaloli da yawa waɗanda suka ba da gudummawa ga matsalar yunwa mai tsanani a kasar. Wadannan cikas sun hada da amma ba a iyakance su ba: hauhawar farashi, yawan dogaro, yawan rashin aikin yi, da gazawar SAP. Baya ga wannan, gwamnatin Zimbabwe, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu a cikin Zimbabwe da 'yan wasan duniya suna da dabarun daban-daban da suke so su aiwatarwa a cikin al'umma don kara ci gaban tattalin arziki. Koyaya, waɗannan rikice-rikice ba su ƙara wani canji a cikin al'umma ba. 

## Farawar birni
Kafin samun 'yancin kai, birane sun kasance masu jinkiri kuma talauci a cikin birane ba su da yawa. An aiwatar da dokokin da ikon mulkin mallaka ya sanya don kiyaye mutanen Zimbabwe marasa aikin yi daga birane wanda ya haifar da karancin Rashin tsaro na abinci a tsakanin waɗannan yankuna. Koyaya, wannan ya canza a cikin shekarun 1970 a lokacin 'yancin Zimbabwe. Yankunan karkara a cikin Zimbabwe suna da haɗari sosai yayin gwagwarmayar neman 'yanci, wannan ya haifar da' yan gudun hijira daga waɗannan yankuna zuwa birane kamar Harare, babban birni Zimbabwe. Tare da isowar sabbin 'yan ƙasa, ayyukan suna da wuyar samun su kuma ba a sami isasshen adadin ba. Wannan ya haifar da hauhawar yawan talauci a cikin birane.

## Manazarta
Gundumar Atiwa Gabas

**Gundumar Atiwa Gabas** ɗaya ce daga cikin gundumomi talatin da uku a yankin Gabas, Ghana .     Asalinsu yana cikin **[[East Akim District|gundumar Akim]]** mafi girma a lokacin a ranar 17 ga Fabrairu 2004, wacce aka kirkira daga tsohuwar **majalisar gundumar Akim ta Gabas**, har zuwa lokacin da aka raba yankin gabas na gundumar don ƙirƙirar **Gundumar Gabas ta Atiwa** a ranar 1 ga Yuni 2018; don haka ragowar bangaren aka canza suna zuwa **[[Atiwa West District]]** . Majalisar gundumar tana tsakiyar yankin Gabas kuma tana da Anyinam a matsayin babban birninta.

## Manazarta
Rikicin yunwa na 2025 a Afghanistan

An bayar da rahoton matsalar yunwa ta 2025 a Afghanistan daya daga cikin matsalolin yunwa mafi tsanani na 2025. Fiye da mutane miliyan 10 suna buƙatar taimakon abinci, kuma yara miliyan 3.5 suna fama da rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Rikicin na yanzu ya samo asali ne saboda dalilai da yawa, gami da rushewar tattalin arziki, matsalolin yanayi, ƙaurawar jama'a, da raguwar taimakon duniya. Kungiyoyin jin kai suna da'awar cewa a nan gaba, yara, mata masu juna biyu da masu shayarwa, da iyalai masu rauni za su kasance cikin haɗari mai tsanani saboda rage kudade sun yanke shirye-shiryen taimakon abinci sosai.

## Tarihi
Shekaru da yawa Afghanistan tana fuskantar rikice-rikicen abinci, tare da dalilai da suka hada da rikice-rikice masu gudana, gwamnatoci marasa daidaituwa, bala'o'i da dogaro da taimakon kasa da kasa. Tun daga 2021, lokacin da Taliban ta koma mulki, kasar ta fuskanci takunkumi na kasa da kasa da kuma daskarewa na US $  na kadarorin gwamnatin Afghanistan da Joe Biden ya yi. Har ila yau, an rage taimakon jin kai sosai, tare da raguwar kudade daga US $  a cikin 2022 zuwa US $ . Duk waɗannan sun haifar da yanayin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki. Har ila yau, Afghanistan ta sha wahala daga bala'o'i da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da fari, girgizar ƙasa, da ambaliyar ruwa, wanda ya haifar da mummunar lalacewa ga samar da aikin gona. Cire 'yan gudun hijirar Afghanistan miliyan 1.35 daga Iran da Pakistan, ya kawo karin damuwa a kasar.

## Scale
The Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC), ya ce a cikin 2025, Afghanistan tana fuskantar matsanancin matakan rashin tsaro na abinci. Kimanin mutane miliyan 17.2, kusan kashi 40% na yawan jama'a, an rarraba su a cikin IPC Mataki na 3 (Krisis) ko Mataki na 4 (Gaskiya), tare da miliyan 9.5 da aka tsara don buƙatar taimakon gaggawa tsakanin Mayu da Oktoba. Ya zuwa rahoton da aka bayar a watan Satumbar 2025, yanayin ya kara muni zuwa 'yan Afghanistan miliyan 22.9, sama da rabin yawan jama'a, suna buƙatar taimakon jin kai. Wannan ya hada da mutane miliyan 12.6 da aka rarraba a matsayin "rikice" ko matakan "matsayi" na rashin tsaro na abinci.
Rikicin yunwa na 2025 a Siriya

**Rikicin yunwa na 2025 a Siriya** yana nufin gagarumin gaggawa na jin kai, wanda aka fi la'akari da shi a matsayin mafi tsanani a tarihin zamani, wanda aka nuna ta hanyar rashin tsaro na abinci mai gina jiki a duk fadin Jamhuriyar Larabawa ta Siriya. A cewar rahotanni sama da 14.5M Siriyawa suna fuskantar rashin tsaro na abinci, 9.1M a cikin rikici mai tsanani kuma 5.4M suna cikin haɗarin zamewa zuwa yunwa mai tsanani. Dalilan da suka haifar da wannan rikicin sune fari mai tsanani, rushewar tattalin arziki, rashin kwanciyar hankali na siyasa, da raguwar taimakon kasa da kasa.

## Tarihi
Tushen yunwa a Siriya ya koma Yaƙin basasar Siriya na 2011, wanda ya dauki sama da shekaru goma kuma ya lalata bangaren noma, ababen more rayuwa, tattalin arziki kuma ya haifar da ƙaura.   Bugu da kari, lalacewar girgizar kasa ta 2023, da dawowar 'yan gudun hijirar Siriya bayan faduwar mulkin Bashar al-Assad, sun sa abubuwa su fi muni ga Siriya. Sabuwar Gwamnatin Siriya har yanzu ba ta magance wannan rikicin ba.

## Dalilan rikici
Daga ƙarshen 2024 zuwa 2025, Siriya tana fama da fari mafi muni a cikin shekaru 36 da suka gabata, wanda ya haifar da raguwar aikin gona. Rashin matakan Kogin Yufiretis, tsarin ban ruwa mara kyau da canjin yanayi sun sa fari ya fi muni, wanda ya haifar da karamin girbi a cikin fiye da shekaru goma. Rahotanni sun nuna cewa an yanke samar da alkama da kashi 40%, wanda ya haifar da karancin tan 2.73M, adadin da zai iya ciyar da kimanin mutane 16M na shekara guda. Kashi 40% ne kawai na gonakin Siriya za a iya nomawa, kuma manyan yankuna masu samar da abinci kamar Al-Hasakah, Aleppo, da Homs sun sha wahala sosai. Don rama wannan an tilasta Siriya ta shigo da tan miliyan 2.15 na alkama, 53% fiye da shekarar da ta gabata. Wannan ya kara yawan tattalin arzikin da ya rushe.

## Manazarta
Cussonia bancoensis

***Cussonia bancoensis***, wanda aka fi sani da **itacen aky**, itacen daji na montane na ginsing, ko dangin ivy ( Araliaceae ) An yi imani da cewa asalinsa yana da yawa ga Ghana, amma yanzu yana girma a ko'ina cikin Yammacin Afirka na wurare masu zafi Ya kai  tsayi, tare da ƴan rassan, galibin sake maimaitawa a tsaye, kowannen su ya yi sama da rosette na manyan ganyen dabino mai nuni biyar.  Furen suna da banƙyama, kuma ƙudaje ne suka gurɓata su.  Itacen yana da wadata a cikin potassium, kuma toka ya fi son yin sabulu.

## Manazarta
Gundumar Akyemansa

**Gundumar Akyemansa** tana ɗaya daga cikin gundumomi talatin da uku a yankin Gabas, Ghana .   Asalinsu yana cikin **[[Birim North District|gundumar Birim North]]** mafi girma a lokacin a cikin 1988, wanda aka kirkira daga tsohuwar Majalisar **[[Birim District|Birim]]**, har zuwa lokacin da aka raba yankin kudancin gundumar don ƙirƙirar **gundumar Akyemansa** a ranar 29 ga Fabrairu 2008; don haka ragowar sashin ya kasance a matsayin **gundumar Birim ta Arewa** . Majalisar gundumar tana yankin kudu maso yammacin yankin Gabas kuma tana da Ofoase a matsayin babban birninta. Kojo Nkrumah dan majalisa ne.

## Jerin ƙauyuka

## Manazarta
Ahmed Hussein-Suale

**Ahmed Hussein-Suale** (5 Disamba 1987 &#x2013; 16 ga Janairu 2019) ɗan jarida ne mai binciken sirri kuma ɗan'uwan ɗan jaridar Ghana mai binciken Anas Aremeyaw Anas .  Ya rasu ne a ranar Laraba, 16 ga watan Janairu, 2019, lokacin da wasu da ba a san ko su waye ba a kan babura suka harbe shi har sau uku, sau biyu a kirji, daya kuma a wuyansa a cikin motarsa.  

## Shahararrun ayyukan bincike
Ahmed ya kasance memba na kamfanin bincike na Tiger Eye Private Investigations wanda ya binciki cin hanci da rashawa a cikin Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Ghana mai suna Number 12, wanda ya haifar da cire mukamin da kuma haramtacciyar rayuwar Shugaba Kwesi Nyantakyi .  A mayar da martani, Kennedy Agyapong - memba na majalisa dokokin Ghana - ya yi kira ga ramuwar gayya a kan Hussein-Suale.

Ya kuma kasance wani ɓangare na aikin jarida na bincike tare da haɗin gwiwar BBC a cikin sassan jikin mutum da aka sayar don sihiri na al'ada a Malawi.

## Kashewa
An kashe Ahmed a ranar 16 ga watan Janairun 2019 a cikin motarsa da maza biyu da ba a san su ba a kan babura.  An harbe shi sau biyu a kirji kuma sau ɗaya a wuyansa.

A ranar 16 ga watan Janairun 2020, wani sanannen ɗan jarida na duniya, Guillaume Perrier ya buga binciken binciken sirri game da kisan Ahmed Hussein Suale a matsayin wani ɓangare na Forbidden Stories . Ya yi zargin cewa Ofishin 'yan sanda na Ghana ya kasa bin wani muhimmin jagora.

Kwei Quartey ya keɓe littafinsa "The Missing American" ga Ahmed tare da waɗannan kalmomi, "Ga Ahmed Hussein-Suale, ɗan jaridar Ghana wanda aka yi shahada a ranar Laraba, 16 ga Janairu, 2019".  (2020: Soho Press, NY, NY, shafi na v.) 

A ranar Talata, 14 ga Oktoba, 2025 an dakatar da shari'ar aikata laifuka a kan daya daga cikin wadanda ake zargi da kisan gillar Ahmed Daniel Owusu Koranteng bisa ga shawarar Babban Lauyan Ghana wanda ya sanya alƙali mai jagoranci a Kotun Gundumar Madina don sallamar wanda ake zargi.

## Manazarta
Asene Manso Akroso District

**Gundumar Asene Manso Akroso** tana ɗaya daga cikin gundumomi talatin da uku a yankin Gabas, Ghana . A da can yana cikin **[[Birim South District|gundumar Birim ta Kudu]]** mafi girma a lokacin kuma ta farko a cikin 1988, wacce aka kirkire ta daga tsohuwar majalisar **[[Birim District|gundumar Birim]]**, har zuwa lokacin da aka raba yankin yammacin gundumar don ƙirƙirar sabuwar **[[Birim South District|gundumar Birim ta Kudu]]**, tare da Akim Swedru a matsayin babban birni; Don haka an mayar da ragowar yankin suna zuwa **[[Birim Central Municipal District|Birim Central Municipal]]** a ranar 29 ga Fabrairu 2008, tare da Akim Oda a matsayin babban birninsa, wanda aka daga shi zuwa matsayin majalisar gundumomi a wannan shekarar. Duk da haka, a ranar 15 ga Maris 2018, yankin kudu maso gabas na gundumar ya rabu ya zama **gundumar Asene-Manso-Akroso** ; don haka ragowar sashin an ci gaba da zama a matsayin **gundumar Birim ta tsakiya** . Majalisar gundumar tana kudu maso yammacin yankin Gabas kuma tana da Akim Manso a matsayin babban birninta.

## Manazarta
Atebubu

**Atebubu** birni ne kuma babban birnin gundumar Atebubu-Amantin a yankin Bono Gabas ta Ghana .    Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a ta 2010 a Ghana, garin yana da yawan jama'a 105,938.  Kamar yadda a shekarar 2023, shugaban karamar hukumar na garin shine Edward Owusu.  Kamar yadda yake a 2023, Adontenhene na Majalisar Gargajiya ta Atebubu shine Nana Owusu Gyimah. 

## Ilimi
An san garin da Kwalejin Ilimi ta Atebubu . 

## Manazarta