Prince Hall

**Prince Hall** (c. 1735/8 - Disamba 7, 1807) ɗan Amurka ne mai kawar da kai kuma jagora a cikin al'ummar baƙar fata masu 'yanci a Boston. Ya kafa Prince Hall Freemasonry kuma ya himmatu don haƙƙin ilimi ga yaran Amurkawa na Afirka. Ya kuma kasance mai fafutuka a cikin motsi na baya-bayan nan zuwa Afirka.

Hall ya yi ƙoƙari ya sami wuri ga bayin New York da baƙar fata masu 'yanci a cikin Freemasonry, ilimi, da sojoji, wasu daga cikin muhimman sassa na al'umma a lokacinsa. Ana daukar Hall a matsayin wanda ya kafa "Black Freemasonry" a Amurka, wanda aka sani a yau da Prince Hall Freemasonry. Ya kafa Grand Lodge na Arewacin Amirka, kuma an zaɓe shi gaba ɗaya Babban Jagora kuma ya yi aiki har sai da ya mutu a 1807. Steve Gladstone, marubucin Freedom Trail Boston, ya ce Hall ya kasance "daya daga cikin manyan shugabannin baƙar fata masu kyauta a ƙarshen 1700s" 

Akwai ruɗani game da shekarar haihuwarsa, wurin da aka haife shi, iyayensa, da kuma aurensa, wani ɓangare saboda akwai “Zauren Sarki” da yawa a wannan lokacin.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Hall tsakanin 1735 da 1738. wurin haihuwarsa da iyayensa ba su da tabbas. Hall ya ambata a cikin rubuce-rubucensa cewa New England ita ce mahaifarsa. The Prince Hall Grand Lodge na Massachusetts, a cikin Ayyukansa na 1906, ya zaɓi 1738, yana dogara da wasiƙar daga Reverend Jeremy Belknap, wanda ya kafa Ƙungiyar Tarihi ta Massachusetts. Ranar 14 ga watan Satumba ne aka saba gudanar da bikin zagayowar ranar haihuwar Hall.

Shekarun farko na Hall ba su da tabbas. Masanin tarihi Charles H. Wesley ya yi hasashen cewa tun yana ɗan shekara 11, Hall ya kasance bawa  (ko kuma yana hidima) ga mai yin tagulla na Boston William Hall, kuma a shekara ta 1770 ya kasance ɗan yanci, mai ilimi kuma koyaushe ana lissafta shi a matsayin ɗan yanci. A cikin Prince Hall marubuci kuma masanin tarihi David L. Gray ya bayyana cewa ya kasa samun wani tarihin tarihi a hukumance game da aikin.

## Yakin Juyin Juya Hali
Hall ya ƙarfafa bayi da kuma 'yantar da baƙar fata su yi aiki a cikin sojojin mulkin mallaka na Amurka. Ya yi imanin cewa idan baƙar fata suka shiga cikin kafa sabuwar al'ummar, hakan zai taimaka wajen samun 'yanci ga dukan baƙar fata. Hall ya ba da shawarar cewa Kwamitin Tsaro na Massachusetts ya ba wa baƙi damar shiga soja. Shi da ’yan uwansa masu goyon bayan koke sun kwatanta ayyukan da ba za a iya jurewa da bautar baƙar fata ba. An ƙi yarda da shawararsu.

Ingila ta fitar da sanarwar da ta ba wa bakaken fata 'yanci da suka shiga aikin sojan Burtaniya. Da sojojin Biritaniya suka cika mukamansu da sojojin bakar fata, sai sojojin kasashen duniya suka sauya shawararsu suka bar bakar fata shiga soja. An yi imani, amma ba a tabbata ba, cewa Hall yana ɗaya daga cikin "Zauren Yarima" shida daga Massachusetts don yin hidima a lokacin yaƙin.

Bayan sun yi aiki a lokacin yakin juyin juya hali, yawancin Amurkawa na Afirka suna tsammanin, amma ba su sami daidaiton launin fata ba lokacin da yakin ya ƙare. Da nufin inganta rayuwar ’yan’uwan Ba’amurke, Hall ya haɗa kai da wasu don ba da shawarar kafa doka don daidaita haƙƙoƙin. Ya kuma dauki nauyin gudanar da al’amuran al’umma, kamar taruka na ilimi da na wasan kwaikwayo, don inganta rayuwar bakar fata

## Manazarta