Anna Ticho

**Anna Ticho** (Ibraniyawa; 27 ga Oktoba 1894 - 1 ga Maris 1980) 'yar wasan Isra'ila ce wacce ta shahara saboda zane-zanen tsaunukan Urushalima . Beit Ticho, gidan da ta raba tare da mijinta yanzu reshe ne na Gidan Tarihin Isra'ila da kuma cafe.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Anna Ticho a Brno, Moravia, sannan wani ɓangare na Daular Austro-Hungary (a yau Jamhuriyar Czech). Sunan mahaifiyarta shine Bertha . A lokacin da take da shekaru 15, ta fara karatun zane a Vienna a makarantar fasaha a karkashin jagorancin Ernst Nowak . 

A cikin 1912, Ticho da mahaifiyarta sun yi hijira daga Vienna zuwa abin da ke Mutasarrifate na Urushalima a Daular Ottoman . Abokin ƙaura Ticho, likitan ido Avraham Albert Ticho (1883-1960), wanda shi ma dan uwanta ne na farko, ya zo daga Vienna watanni hudu da suka gabata bayan ya san cewa asibitin ido na Leman'an Zion yana buƙatar likita don gudanar da shi. Sun yi aure a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba 1912 a Urushalima.

An tura Tichos gudun hijira zuwa Damascus a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1917, kwanaki kadan kafin mamayar Birtaniya a Urushalima. A can Dr. Ticho ya shiga aiki a matsayin ofishin likita a Daular Austro-Hungary kuma Anna ta yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya.[1] Ta kamu da mummunar cutar typhus, kuma a lokacin da ta warke, Ticho ta koma ga fasaharta ta hanyar zane-zane na shimfidar wuri, wanda ke nuna ikon wannan nau'in.[2] Bayan yakin, Tichos sun koma Urushalima ta hanyar hanya mai tsawo da kewaye. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 1918, Dokta Ticho ta kafa wani asibiti mai zaman kansa a arewacin ginin Lemaan Zion da aka rushe kuma Anna ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin mijinta.[3]

A cikin 1924, ma'auratan sun sayi babban gida da ke kewaye da lambuna. Dokta Ticho ya ga marasa lafiya a asibitin idonsa a bene na ƙasa kuma ma'auratan suna zaune a bene na biyu. Gidan, wanda aka sani a yau da Ticho House, an gina shi a kusa da 1864, a bayyane yake ga Nashashibis, sanannen iyali na gida. Kafin Tichos su zauna a can gidan dangin dillalin kayan tarihi ne kuma ɗan ƙarya Wilhelm Moses Shapira .  Tichos sun karbi bakuncin jami'an gwamnati na gida da na Burtaniya a cikin gidan, da kuma masu fasaha da yawa, marubuta, malamai da masu ilimi.

A cikin 1950, lokacin da Dokta Ticho ya yi ritaya, ma'auratan sun sayi gida a Motza Ilit inda Anna za ta iya mai da hankali kan zane da zanen ta.

Zuwa ƙarshen rayuwarta, ta ba da izinin gidan Ticho, tarin fasaharta - gami da yawancin ayyukanta - da tarin Yahudawa na mijinta ga Gidan Tarihin Isra'ila.

Ticho ya mutu a ranar 1 ga Maris 1980.

## Ayyukan fasaha
Ticho yana da nune-nunen solo da yawa a Mandatory Palestine da kuma a Turai daga shekarun 1920 zuwa 1940s.  Har ma da yawa daga cikin nune-nunen ta sun faru a cikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan yakin duniya na biyu.

Duk da yake hasken da ya bambanta da Gabas ta Tsakiya da kuma tauraron wuri ya hana ayyukanta na fasaha da farko, a cikin shekarun 1930 Ticho ya koma zane da zanen. A lokacin ne ta samar da zane-zane da yawa na tsaunuka na Urushalima da hotuna na mutanen yankin wanda ta zama sananne. A yau, ana iya samun zane-zanen Ticho da watercolors a manyan gidajen tarihi a duniya.

## Kyaututtuka da karbuwa

* A shekara ta 1970, Ticho ta sami lambar yabo ta Yakir Yerushalayim (Mutumin da ya cancanta na Urushalima). 
* A shekara ta 1975, Ticho ta sami lambar yabo ta Willem Sandberg don Fasahar Isra'ila ta Gidan Tarihin Isra'ila, Urushalima .
* A shekara ta 1980, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Isra'ila, don zanen (tare da Pinchas Litvinovsky). 

## Manazarta