open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Sonny Venkatrathnam

**Sonny Venkatrathnam** (27 ga Yuli, 193515 Maris 2019) ɗan gwagwarmayar yaƙi da nuna wariyar launin fata ne na Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin ɗan adam wanda aka ɗaure a gidan yari na Tsibirin Robben Island tare da sauran masu fafutukar yaƙi da nuna wariyar launin fata ciki har da Nelson Mandela, Govan Mbeki, da Mac Maharaj.  An fi saninsa da yin fasa wallafa na *The Complete Works na William Shakespeare* cikin kurkuku. An raba littafin da yawancin fursunonin da ke kurkukun kuma ana kiransa *Littafi Mai Tsarki na Tsibirin Robben. *

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Venkatrathnam a Sea View a Durban a lardin Natal, a ranar 27 ga watan Yuli 1935, a cikin iyali tare da 'yan'uwa 12.  Kakanninsa ma'aikata ne da suka zo daga Indiya. Iyayensa sun kasance masu siyar da furanni a makabartar Durban, kuma daga baya manoma a Cliffdale kusa da Pietermaritzburg.  Ya taso a cikin iyali da halin rayuwa, babu wutar lantarki ko ruwan fanfo a gida. 

An katse karatunsa a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu kuma lokacin da aka ci gaba, sai da shi da 'yan uwansa suka yi tafiyar mil bakwai suka tsallaka kogin Umbilo don zuwa makaranta a tsaunin Stella.  Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya tafi makarantar sakandare a Sastri College, makarantar sakandare ɗaya tilo da aka bude wa daliban Indiyawan a lokacin.  Bayan kammala karatunsa na sakandare, ya shiga Jami'ar Natal don samun digiri na farko na Arts, amma, dole ne ya halarci kwalejin da yamma a wajen harabar domin kwalejin ba za ta shigar da ɗalibai baƙi shiga cikin harabar ba. Ƙungiyar nazarin ɗaliban can daga baya ta zama ƙungiyar ɗalibai, *The Durban Students Union. *

## Aiki da gwagwarmaya
Venkatrathnam wani mai fafutukar yaki da wariyar launin fata ne wanda aka tsare da fursuna a gidan yari mafi girman tsaro na Robben Island.  An fi saninsa da yin fasa bugu na *The Complete Works na William Shakespeare* cikin kurkuku.  An mika littafin ga wasu fursunoni ciki har da Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu, Govan Mbeki, Billy Nair, Raymond Mhlaba, da Mac Maharaj.  Don gujewa ganewa da kuma kwace shi, ya rufe littafin da tsoffin katunan gaisuwa na Deepavali.   An ci gaba da kiran littafin da *Littafi Mai Tsarki na Tsibirin Robben. *

Yayin da yake hidimar shekaru biyu na shekaru shida a gidan yari, saboda azabtarwa, ya zama kurma a kunne ɗaya kuma ya sami fashewar hernia. 

Ya yi aiki da Amnesty International bayan an ɗage haramcinsa a watan Afrilun 1983. A matsayinsa na mai fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama ya shirya 'Yancin Ɗan Adam Yanzu! kiɗe kiɗe da wake wake a shekarar 1988 don yaɗa wayar da kan jama'a game da Yarjejeniyar 'Yancin Ɗan Adam ta Duniya akan cikarta shekaru 40.  Yawon shakatawa na duniya ya ƙunshi mawaƙa ciki har da Bruce Springsteen, Sting, Tracy Chapman, Peter Gabriel, da Youssou N'Dour. 

Venkatrathnam ya zauna a Durban tsawon rayuwarsa. Ya koyar a Jami'ar Durban-Westville a cikin shekarar 1990s. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Venkatrathnam ya mutu a ranar 15 ga watan Maris, 2019. Yana da shekaru 84. 

## Littattafai

*  

*

## Manazarta
Aruwa Gyunka

**Philip Aruwa Gyunka** ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne. Ya kasance Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Nasarawa ta Arewa a majalisar wakilai ta 8. Godiya Akwashiki ne ya gaje shi.

## Duba kuma
Sanatocin Najeriya na Majalisar Dokoki ta 8

## Manazarta
Hamza Dalhatu Batagarawa

**Hamza Dalhatu Batagarawa** ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne. Ya taba zama mamba mai wakiltar mazabar Batagarawa/Charanchi/Rimi a majalisar wakilai. An haife shi a shekarar 1961, dan asalin jihar Katsina ne. An fara zabe shi a majalisar wakilai a zaben 2011, kuma aka sake zabe shi a 2019. Usman Banye ne ya gaje shi. Ya fice daga jam’iyyar All Progressive Congress (APC) a shekarar 2023.

## Manazarta
Felix Hyat

**Felix Hassan Hyat** tsohon karamin minista ne a ma'aikatar sufurin jiragen sama ta tarayyar Najeriya. Shugaba Umaru 'Yar'aduwa ne ya nada shi a watan Yunin 2007, kuma ya bar aiki a watan Oktoban 2008 bayan wani sauyi da ya yi a majalisar ministocinsa.

## Ministan sufurin jiragen sama
A shekara ta 2007 ya shagaltu da ra’ayin mayar da wasu filayen jiragen sama na kamfanoni, ko kuma ba da izini, ciki har da MMIA, Legas, filin jirgin sama na Malam Aminu Kano, filin jirgin sama na Margaret Ekpo, Calabar, da filin jirgin sama na Port-Harcourt. Ya mayar da hedikwatar Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Najeriya (NCAA) zuwa babban birnin tarayya Abuja, matakin da ya haifar da cece-kuce game da tsadar kayayyaki da tabarbarewar da aka samu. A watan Oktoban 2008 ya yi barazanar yin amfani da tsattsauran hanyoyi don sa ma'aikatan jiragen sama su biya Naira biliyan 8 da suke bin kamfanonin jiragen sama.

Ya amince da korar da aka yi masa a watan Oktoba na shekarar 2008 cikin alheri, yana mai cewa ba a yi wa wani mutum garambawul a majalisar ministocinsa ba amma an yi shi ne domin ciyar da al’umma gaba, ya kuma bayyana wa’adinsa a matsayin wani lokaci na musamman a rayuwarsa.

## Manazarta
Chidozie Kennedy Ibeh

**Chidozie Kennedy Ibeh** ɗan siyasar Najeriya ne kuma lauya. Shi ɗan majalisar dokokin jihar Imo ne mai wakiltar mazabar jihar Obowo.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Chidozie Kennedy Ibeh a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1976. Ya kammala karatunsa na sakandare a ASCL Comprehensive Secondary School Kogi State kafin ya wuce digirin digirgir (LL.B Hons) a Jami’ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Enugu sannan ya yi digiri na biyu a fannin shari’a (LL.M) daga Jami’ar Jihar Abia, Uturu, Jihar Abia.

## Fagen siyasa
A shekarar 2010, an zabe shi kansila mai wakiltar Okenanlogho, a jihar Imo kuma a matsayin shugaban majalisar dokoki ta Obowo a 2011. A 2015, ya wakilci mazabar Obowo a majalisar dokokin jihar Imo. Ya taba zama mamba a kwamitin mika mulki na karamar hukumar Obawo, kuma mataimaki na musamman ga gwamna kan harkokin kwadago.

Ya kasance kakakin majalisar dokokin jihar Imo a karkashin jam’iyyar All Progressives Congress har sai da ya yi murabus daga mukamin a shekarar 2022.

## Addini
Kennedy Kirista ne.

## Manazarta
Hamisu Ibrahim Kubau

**Hamisu Ibrahim Kubau** ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne. Ya taba zama mamba mai wakiltar mazabar tarayya ta Ikara/Kubau a majalisar wakilai. An haife shi a ranar 17 ga Afrilu 1975, ya fito ne daga jihar Kaduna. An zabe shi a matsayin dan majalisar tarayya a 2019 a karkashin jam’iyyar All Progressives Congress (APC).

## Manazarta
Shaba Ibrahim

**Shaba Ibrahim** (an haife shi a watan Janairu 1, 1967), ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne. Yana wakiltar mazabar tarayya ta Lokoja/Kogi ta jihar Kogi a majalisar wakilai, a karkashin jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party (PDP).

## Manazarta
Emomotimi Guwor

**Emomotimi Guwor** ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne wanda ke aiki a matsayin kakakin Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Delta tun watan Yuni 2023 mai wakiltar Warri ta Kudu maso Yamma a kan dandalin jam’iyyar Peoples Democratic Party.

## Sana'a
Emomotimi Guwor ya zama dan majalisar dokokin jihar Delta a shekarar 2019 bayan ya lashe zaben da aka gudanar a ranar 9 ga Maris, 2019 domin wakiltar mazabar Warri ta Kudu maso Yamma a majalisar dokokin jihar Delta inda ya samu kuri’u 131,469 inda ya doke abokin hamayyarsa Comrade Eyengho Besidone na jam’iyyar All Progressive Congress (APC).

An sake zabe shi a wa’adi na biyu a majalisar bayan da ya samu gagarumin rinjaye a zaben ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar a ranar 18 ga Maris, 2023 na zaben mazabar Warri ta Kudu maso Yamma, inda ya samu kuri’u 7,932 inda ya kayar da abokin hamayyarsa Deacon Tekedor Pinasine Clement na jam’iyyar All Progressive Congress (APC) wanda ya samu kuri’u 3,016.

## Manazarta
Isaac Idahosa

**Isaac Idahosa** (an haife shi ranar 8 ga Fabrairu, 1965), wanda aka fi sani da Archbishop Designate Isaac Idahosa, ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne kuma shugaban addini wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimaki ga ɗan takarar shugaban kasa na jam’iyyar New Nigeria People’s Party Rabiu Kwankwaso a lokacin zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2023. A cikin 2024, ya sami lambar yabo ta Shugabancin Amurka mai daraja don gudummawar da ya bayar ga al'umma.

## Fagen siyasa
Idahosa ya shiga siyasar kasa ne lokacin da aka zabe shi a matsayin dan takarar mataimakin shugaban kasa na jam’iyyar New Nigeria People’s Party a zaben shugaban kasa na 2023.

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa
A cikin 2024, an bai wa Idahosa lambar yabo ta Shugabancin Amurka Nasarar Nasarar Rayuwa, tare da sanin irin gudunmawar da ya bayar ga ayyukan jin kai da ci gaban al'umma.

A cikin 2024, an zaɓi Idahosa a matsayin mai karɓar babbar lambar yabo ta Jagorancin Nelson Mandela na Nagarta da Mutunci.

## Manazarta
Yekini Idiaye

**Yekini Idaiye** ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne daga jihar Edo a Najeriya.

## Rayuwar Siyasa
Yekini Idaiye ya kasance mataimakin kakakin majalisar dokokin jihar Edo tun daga watan Yunin 2019 har zuwa lokacin da majalisar ta tsige shi a watan Agustan 2020, kuma aka zabi Roland Asoro, mai wakiltar mazabar Orhionmwon II ya maye gurbinsa. Tsige Idiaye ya biyo bayan ayyana goyon bayan siyasa ga dan takarar gwamna na jam’iyyar APC a jihar.

## Manazarta
Ederin Idisi

**Edrin Idisi** dan siyasar Najeriya ne. Ya taba zama mamba mai wakiltar mazabar Ethiope a majalisar wakilai. An haife shi a shekarar 1973, ya fito ne daga jihar Delta. An zabe shi a matsayin dan majalisar wakilai a zaben 2015 a karkashin jam’iyyar PDP.

## Manazarta
Idrisu Lawal Muhammadu

**Idrisu Lawal Muhammadu** dan siyasar Najeriya ne kuma dan majalisar wakilai mai wakiltar mazabar tarayya ta Ajaokuta a jihar Kogi.

## Manazarta
Randolph Vigne

**James Randolph Vigne** OLS FSA (1928 - 19 Yuni 2016) ya kasance mai fafutukar adawa da nuna wariyar launin fata a Afirka ta Kudu. Ya kasance memba mai tasiri na Jam'iyyar Liberal ta Afirka ta Kudu,   memba ne na kafa kwamitin ƙasa da neman 'yanci, kuma wanda ya kafa African Resistance Movement (ARM). 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Vigne a cikin shekarar 1928 a Kimberley, Northern Cape, ya halarci makarantar firamare a Port Elizabeth kuma ya yi karatunsa na sakandare a St. Andrew's College, Grahamstown, inda ya ji daɗin sihiri a matsayin babban yaro yana da shekaru 13 a shekarar 1941. A wannan shekarar ya shiga Van Riebeeck Society. Ya yi karatunsa na gaba a Kwalejin Wadham, Oxford, bayan haka ya koma Cape Town kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin editan Turanci a mawallafin Maskew Miller har zuwa shekara ta 1964.

An dakatar da Vigne na tsawon shekaru biyar a shekarar 1963 a ƙarƙashin dokar hana gurguzu, saboda ayyukansa a Transkei wajen shirya adawa da Transkei Bantustan. Ya tafi gudun hijira a Biritaniya a shekarar 1964, inda ya kafa kwamitin tallafawa Namibiya. Na wani lokaci ya kasance memba na Pan Africanist Congress. Ya yi rubuce-rubuce sosai kan siyasar Afirka ta Kudu da Namibiya da tarihi. 

Ya yi aiki a matsayin darekta na Asibitin Faransa na kimanin shekaru talatin kuma ya kasance ma'ajinsa na tsawon shekaru goma. 

Vigne ya mutu a Canterbury, Ingila, ranar 19 ga watan Yuni 2016.

## Ayyukan da aka wallafa
* 
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*
*
*
*
*
*
* 

## Girmamawa da kyaututtuka
A watan Afrilun 2010 aka baiwa Vigne lambar yabo ta Luthuli a cikin Azurfa don "gudunmawarsa ga gwagwarmayar dimokuraɗiyya, 'yanci da rashin launin fata na Afirka ta Kudu".  

## Manazarta

## Sources

* 
*

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

*Profile on SA History Online 

*
Ifeanyi Ibezi

**Ifeanyi Ibezi** ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne. Ya wakilci mazabar Idemili arewa da Idemili ta kudu ta Anambra a karkashin inuwar All Progressives Grand Alliance a majalisa ta 9.

## Sana'a
An nada Ibezi a matsayin mai girma mai wakiltar Idemili a jihar Anambra. Kotun daukaka kara ta kore shi a shekarar 2019 tare da zabi Obinna Chidoka. Yana daya daga cikin kwamitin yakin neman zaben dan takarar jam'iyyar All Progressive Congress, Paul Chukwuma a zaben gwamna da ke tafe a 2025. An nada tsohon mai martaba a matsayin babban ubangijin fadar White House, wata kungiya daga gabacin Najeriya.

An tsawatar da shi kan tsare wasu maza biyu a shekarar 2019 a bandakinsa na jama’a lokacin da yake neman takarar kujerar majalisar wakilai a 2019.

## Manazarta
Ben Igbakpa

**Ben Igbakpa** ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne. Ya yi aiki a matsayin mamba mai wakiltar Ethiope East/Ethiope West Federal Constituency a majalisar wakilai. Erhiatake Ibori-Suenu ne ya gaje shi.

## Rayuwar farko da aikin siyasa
An haifi Ben Igbakpa a shekarar 1966 kuma dan asalin jihar Delta ne. Ya yi aiki a majalisar dokokin jihar Delta. A 2019, an zabe shi a matsayin memba mai wakiltar Ethiope East/Ethiope West Federal Constituency a karkashin jam'iyyar Peoples Democratic Party (PDP).

## Manazarta
Agunbiaze Ige

**Nathaniel Ige Agunbiade** dan siyasan Najeriya ne wanda ya wakilci mazabar Obokun/ Oriade na jihar Osun a majalisar wakilai a majalisar wakilai ta 7 daga 2011 zuwa 2015. Ya kasance dan jam'iyyar All Progressives Congress (APC).

## Manazarta
Yusuf Bala Ikara

**Yusuf Bala Ikara** ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne. Ya taba zama dan majalisar wakilai ta tarayya, mai wakiltar mazabar Ikara/Kubua na jihar Kaduna a majalisar wakilai ta 8. An zabe shi a karkashin jam’iyyar All Progressives Congress (APC).

## Manazarta
Benjamin Uwajumogu

**Benjamin Uwajumogu** i (Yuni 30, 1968 - Disamba 18, 2019)  ɗan siyasan  ne a Najeriya.  Ya kasance memba na jam'iyyar All Progressives Congress Party [A.P.C]  wanda ke wakiltar gundumar Sanata ta Imo ta Arewa  a jamhuriya ta 9 ta Majalisar Dokokin Najeriya kafin mutuwarsa.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Uwajumogu a Okigwe, Ihitte Uboma, Jihar Imo, Najeriya a ranar 30 ga Yunin shekara ta 1968. 

## Rayuwar siyasa
A watan Maris na shekara ta 2018, Uwajumogu ya gabatar da wata shawara ga Majalisar Dattijai don hana aikin yara kuma ya bukaci Zartarwa da hukumomin ta da su tabbatar da aiwatar da Dokar 'Yancin Yara. 

A watan Yunin shekarar 2018, Uwajumogu ya yi murabus daga nadin sa a matsayin sakataren kwamitin taron kasa na APC kuma ya bayyana cewa saboda " dalilai na kansa ne".

A ranar 26 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2019, an rantsar da Uwajumogu a karo na biyu a matsayin Sanata wanda ke wakiltar Imo North. 

## Mutuwa da sakamakonsa
Bayan ya koma Abuja daga Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa don kula da rashin lafiyarsa na dogon lokaci,  Uwajumogu ya mutu a gidansa a ranar 18 ga Disamba, 2019, a Abuja. 

An gudanar da zaɓe a shekarar 2021 don cika kujerar Uwajumogu a majalisar dattijai inda Chukwuma Frank Ibezim ya gaje shi.

## Kyaututtuka da girmamawa

* NUJ mutumin shekara, 2007.

## Manazarta
Anthony Ikhazoboh

**Anthony Onomoaso Ikazoboh** (ya rasu 27 ga Yuli 1999) wani jirgin sama ne na Najeriya Air Commodore, kuma tsohon shugaban hukumar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya, kuma ministan matasa da wasanni, ministan wasanni kuma ministan sufuri.

An haife shi a Kano, amma ya fito daga Agenebode a jihar Edo.

## Manazarta
Val Viljoen

**Valerie Viljoen**, tsohuwar **Valerie Sullivan**, 'yar siyasa ce kuma 'yar gwagwarmayar Burtaniya–Afirka ta Kudu mai ritaya. Ta wakilci jam'iyyar African National Congress (ANC) a majalisar dokokin ƙasar  daga shekarun 1994 zuwa 1999 kuma a lokacin nuna wariyar launin fata ta kasance memba na Black Sash a yankin Gabashin Cape.

## Rayuwar farko da aiki
An haifi Viljoen a Surrey, Ingila ga dangin magoya bayan Jam'iyyar Liberal. Bayan ta kammala makarantar sakandare, ta koma Landan, inda ta kammala karatun sakatariya, ta sami aikin sakatariya a kamfani, ta auri injiniya. Ita da mijinta sun zauna a Rhodesia daga shekara ta 1966 zuwa 1969 yayin da mijinta yake aiki. Bayan haka an mayar da shi muƙamin a Gabashin London a lardin Cape na Afirka ta Kudu. 

## Gwagwarmaya a zamanin mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata
Yayin da take zaune a Gabashin London, Viljoen ta shiga reshen Border na Black Sash bayan ta karanta game da aikinsa a cikin *Daily Dispatch*.  Bayan ta rabu da mijinta a cikin shekarar 1970s, ta kuma fara aiki a Cibiyar Harkokin Race ta Afirka ta Kudu, da farko a matsayin sakatariyar gudanarwa na lokaci-lokaci sannan kuma ta zama sakatariyar yanki. Ta bar cibiyar a cikin shekarar 1984 ko 1985 lokacin da ta fara dawo da kanta a matsayin babbar ƙungiya mai tushen bincike, tare da ba da fifiko ga ayyukan tushen aiki.  Ta ci gaba da yin aiki da ofishin shawara na Black Sash daga baya, kuma ta kasance mai ƙarfafawa don yin wani babban bincike na cikin gida a Black Sash, wanda aka sani da Hukumar Viljoen, wanda ya binciki ayyukan gudanarwa na kungiyar a duk faɗin ƙasar. 

Duk da haka, a lokacin da aka buga rahoton hukumar a cikin shekarar 1993,  Viljoen ta bar Black Sash; Bayan da gwamnatin nuna wariyar launin fata ta haramta wa jam’iyyar ANC da sauran ƙungiyoyin siyasa baƙar fata takunkumi a shekarar 1990, ta ji takaicin yadda ‘yan Black Sash ba su yi niyyar sake fasalin kanta ba domin ta zama ‘yar farar fata ta mamaye kanta.  Ta shiga jam'iyyar ANC a maimakon haka, kuma a ƙarƙashin tutarta ta gudanar da wayar da kan jama'a a matsugunan Cape na Cape a lokacin miƙa mulki na dimokuraɗiyya.  Gabanin babban zaɓe na shekarar 1994, ta kasance shugabar ofishin zaɓe na ANC kuma ta wakilci jam'iyyar a matsayin mai sa ido kan zaɓe. 

## Majalisa: 1994-1999
Viljoen ta tsaya a matsayin 'yar takarar ANC a zaɓen shekara ta 1994, amma daga baya ta ce ba ta yi hasashen zaɓukan da jam'iyyar ta ANC za ta yi a gabashin Cape ba, kuma ba ta yi tsammanin za a zaɓe ta ba.  An zaɓe ta don wakiltar jam'iyyar a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa, majalisar wakilai ta Afirka ta Kudu,  kuma ta yi aiki a can har zuwa babban zaɓe na gaba a shekarar 1999.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Mijin Viljoen na farko, wanda ta aura a Ingila, shine Colin Sullivan; suna da 'ya'ya mata biyu.  Ta haifi wata ɗiya tare da Tony Viljoen, wanda ta aura a Gabashin London a shekarar 1980; ya kasance shugaban makarantar sakandaren Cambridge ta Gabashin London kuma mai goyon bayan jam'iyyar United Party.

## Manazarta
Gogo Tamuno

Bright Tamuno Gogo ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne wanda ya wakilci Majalisa ta Okrika / Ogu-Bolo a Jihar Rivers, a cikin Majalisar Wakilai ta Kasa, a ƙarƙashin dandalin Jam'iyyar Demokradiyyar Jama'a (PDP).

## Manazarta
Abdullahi Bappah Ahmed

Abdullahi Bappah Ahmed ɗan siyasa Najeriya ne kuma malami ne a Sashen Physics a Kwalejin Kimiyya, Jami'ar Jihar Gombe.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Abdullahi Bappah Ahmed a shekara ta 1983 a Shamaki Ward, Gombe Local Government Area . Yana da Digiri na farko na Kimiyya a fannin kimiyyar lissafi daga Jami'ar Abuja kuma ya kammala digirinsa na biyu da Ph.D. a fannin lissafi a Jami'ar Abokantaka ta Rasha a shekarar 2017. Shi memba ne na Cibiyar Physics (IOP) a Burtaniya, mai bita ga mujallar MiPh a Moscow, kuma yana jagorantar Ƙungiyar Matsala a Jami'ar Abokantaka ta Rasha. BESDA ta ba shi kyautar dala miliyan 3 don inganta damar ilimi ga yara da ba sa zuwa makaranta a Jihar Gombe.

## Ayyukan siyasa
Abdullahi Bappah Ahmed an nada shi a matsayin mai kula da shirin Bayar da Ayyukan Ilimi mafi Kyau ga Dukkanin (BESDA) na Jihar Gombe ta Gwamna Muhammadu Inuwa Yahaya, kamar yadda Babban Mataimakin Gwamna na Musamman na Media da Talla, Mista Ismaila Uba Misilli ya sanar. A lokacin da yake aiki a matsayin mai tsarawa ya sami damar yin rajista sama da 350 daga cikin yara a makaranta zuwa ilimi na yau da kullun kuma ya kafa cibiyoyin ilmantarwa sama da 630 marasa tsari ga Almajiri (Makarantar Tsangaya) da yarinya. Ya horar da malamai sama da 1500 a makarantun da aka tsara tare da sabon tsarin karatun Mukarant kuma bari NEI + ta karanta su. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan Jiha na Fasaha a Jihar Gombe .  

## Manazarta
Harcha

**Harcha** (Larabci: حرشة, haruffan Rom: ḥarša) nau’in wainar da ake dafa ta a kan tanda ko kuma a cikin kwanon tuya ce, wadda ake yin ta da garin alkama mai kauri.
## Shirye-shiryen
Ana yin kek ɗin ne daga gurasar semolina, man shanu, da madara ko ruwa, kuma an haɗa su da yisti tare da foda. Har ila yau, gurasar na iya ƙunsar sukari. Ana yin gurasar a cikin zagaye sannan a dafa ta a kan gurasar mai zafi ko kwanon rufi. Amfani da semolina yana ba da harcha wani nau'i mai laushi wanda ya dace da gurasar masara. A cikin Rif, Morocco, ana iya amfani da madara ko yogurt, wanda aka narke da ruwa, maimakon madara.Ana iya yin harcha a cikin ƙananan burodi, ko manyan masu girman taya.

## Al'adun hidima
Harcha galibi ana shafa shi da zuma da man shanu, kuma ana ba da shi tare da shayi na mint a lokacin karin kumallo ko a matsayin abincin rana. Har ila yau, yana ɗaya daga cikin gurasar da ake cinyewa a lokacin Ramadan.Hakanan ana iya ba da shi kamar sandwich, an cika shi da cuku ko tare da nama. Ana iya rushe shi kuma a yi amfani da shi azaman gado mai laushi don stew.

## Bambance-bambance
Kalmomin don burodi na iya bambanta a duk faɗin Morocco da Aljeriya. Masanin Ilimin noma Mike Sissons  misali ya ambaci kalmar "mbesses" a matsayin bambancin harcha.  Mbesses duk da haka na iya komawa ga cake mai dadi da aka samu a Aljeriya, wanda ake kira Khobz Mbesses wanda ke da irin wannan amma ba iri ɗaya ba.

A cikin yankunan karkara na Algiers, ana kiranta *harchâya*, kuma ana amfani da kalmar *ragda*  a wasu wurare a Aljeriya.

A ƙarshen karni na 19, masu yin burodi na Aljeriya sun kirkiro wani nau'in burodi da ake kira El Khobz El Harcha, wanda aka yi ta hanyar yayyafa semolina a kan burodi kafin a saka shi a cikin tanda. Wannan ya bambanta da kuma bai kamata a rikita shi da Harcha ba, wanda aka yi shi gaba ɗaya daga garin semolina da sauran sinadaran kamar madara.

## Dubi kuma

* Abincin Maroko
* Abincin Aljeriya
* Jerin pancakes

## Manazarta
Kalejaiye Adeboye Paul

Kalejaiye Adeboye Paul ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne. A halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya, yana wakiltar mazabar Ajeromi Ifelodun a Majalisar Dokokin Najeriya ta 10. Ya gaji Taiwo Kolawole .An zabe shi a karkashin dandalin All Progressive Congress (APC).

## Manazarta
Joseph Haruna Kigbu

**Joseph Haruna Kigbu** ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne. Ya kasance memba na Majalisar Wakilai, wanda ya wakilci mazabar Mafiya / Obi / Keana ta Tarayya ta jihar Nasarawa a Majalisar Dokoki ta 7. An sace shi tare da matarsa ta hanyar wadanda ake zargi da 'yan fashi a ranar 3 ga watan Disamba, 2024 .

## Manazarta
Titus Olupitan

**Titus Olupitan** ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin sanata wanda ke wakiltar gundumar Ondo ta Arewa a Majalisar Dokoki ta 5 daga 2003 zuwa 2007 a ƙarƙashin laima na jam'iyyar Alliance for Democracy (AD).

## Manazarta
Majalisa ma 6

Majalisar Dokoki ta 6 ta Tarayyar Najeriya ta kasance majalisa ce mai majalisa biyu da aka kaddamar a ranar 5 ga watan Yuni 2007 kuma ta gudana har zuwa 6 ga Yuni 2011. Majalisar ta kunshi Majalisar Dattijai da Majalisar Wakilai. An zabi wakilai 360 a matsayin mambobi na Majalisar Wakilai, yayin da aka zabi mambobi 109 zuwa Majalisar Dattijai, suna da jimlar mambobi 469 gaba ɗaya.

## Shugabannin jami'ai
Shugaban Majalisar Dattijai yana jagorantar Majalisar Dattilai, majalisar dattijai mafi girma yayin da Kakakin ke jagorantar majalisar wakilai.

An zabi David Mark a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar Dattijai a kan dandalin Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a kuma Dimeji Bankole, Kakakin Majalisar Wakilai ya gaji Patricia Etteh, wanda aka tilasta masa ya yi murabus saboda zargin rashin kula da kudade.

## Manazarta
Sheila Weinberg

**Sheila Weinberg** (1 Oktoba 1945 - 11 Nuwamba 2004) ƴar Afirka ta kudu ce kuma ƴar gwagwarmayar adawa da nuna wariyar launin fata.

An haife ta a Johannesburg, ɗiyar Eli da Violet Weinberg waɗanda dukkansu membobi ne na ANC da Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Afirka ta Kudu. Ta shiga siyasa tun tana ƙarama kuma, lokacin da iyayenta ke tsare, Helen Joseph ne ke kula da ita. 

## Mai fafutukar yaki da nuna wariyar launin fata
An tsare Weinberg a kurkukun Johannesburg Fort a karon farko a cikin shekarar 1964 a ƙarƙashin dokar tsare tsare na kwanaki 90. Tun tana da shekaru 19 kacal, a lokacin ita ce ‘yar Afirka ta Kudu mafi ƙarancin shekaru da aka tsare a ƙarƙashin dokar. An tsare ta tsawon kwanaki 65, amma an sake ta ba tare da tuhumar ta ba.  Daga baya an tuhume ta kuma ta yi zaman gidan yari saboda zana taken ANC akan wani gini.  Ta yi zamanta a kurkukun Barberton kuma an sake ta a shekara ta 1966. 

A cikin shekarun 1970 ta kasance memba a Kwamitin Kare Hakkokin Ɗan Adam, amma a shekara ta 1976 an dakatar da ita yawancin mambobin kwamitin ko kuma an tsare su kuma ayyukan sun daina. A cikin shekarar 1976 an sanya ta a ƙarƙashin dokar hana ta da ta iyakance ta zuwa Johannesburg kuma ta tsare ta a gidanta da daddare, a ƙarshen mako da kuma lokacin hutu. A cikin shekarar 1977 an zarge ta da karya dokar haramtawa tare da Jeanette Curtis sannan aka same ta da laifin 'hallartar taron jama'a da aka riga aka shirya'. An yanke mata hukuncin zaman gidan yari na watanni tara, sannan aka dakatar da ita na tsawon shekaru uku, sannan ta kai karar zuwa Kotun Koli. Kotun ta yanke mata hukunci tare da rage hukuncin, amma ta amince da hukuncin. A cikin shekarar 1980s ta kasance babbar memba na United Democratic Front a Johannesburg. Ta kuma shiga cikin reshen Transvaal na Black Sash da 5 Freedom Forum.

Daga baya ta ba da shaida a gaban kwamitin gaskiya da sulhu game da tashin bama-bamai da kuma katsalandan da ababen hawa da aka yi a wannan lokaci a kan ’yan fafutuka irin su ita kanta.

## Aikin siyasa
Lokacin da aka dakatar da ANC a cikin shekarar 1991 ta fara aiki a reshenta na arewa maso gabashin Johannesburg wanda aka sanya wa sunan mahaifinta wanda ya mutu a gudun hijira a Dar es Salaam a shekarar 1982. Ta kasance cikin Ƙungiyar Haɗin gwiwar Mata don Aminci Adalci a Isra'ila da Falasɗinu kuma ta shiga cikin ayyukanta na nuna rashin amincewa da tashin hankali a Gabas ta Tsakiya a Cape Town da Johannesburg a cikin watt Disamba 2001. Ta yi aiki a matsayin mamba a majalisar dokokin lardin Gauteng daga shekarun 1994 zuwa 2004 kuma ta wakilci mazaɓar Westonaria. Ta yi murabus daga harkokin siyasa bayan babban zaɓe a watan Afrilun 2004.

## Mutuwa
Ta mutu a ranar 11 ga watan Nuwamba 2004 a Linksfield Clinic a Johannesburg bayan fama da ciwon kwakwalwa. Ɗanta ɗaya tilo Mark Thabo Weinberg ya rasu.

## Manazarta

## Kara karantawa

* Hira da Sheila Weinberg, 16 Satumba 2003
Dokar Gudanarwa

**Dokar Gudanarwa** wani bangare ne na doka wanda ke kula da ayyukan hukumomin reshe na gwamnati. Dokar gudanarwa ta haɗa da yin ka'idojin reshe na zartarwa (an kira ka'idoji na reshe na gudanarwa a matsayin "dokoki"), yanke hukunci, da aiwatar da dokoki. Dokar gudanarwa ana ɗaukar ta reshe na dokar jama'a.

Dokar gudanarwa tana hulɗa da yanke shawara na sassan gudanarwa na gwamnati waɗanda ke cikin reshen zartarwa a fannoni kamar cinikayya ta duniya, masana'antu, muhalli, haraji, watsa shirye-shirye, shige da fice, da sufuri.

Dokar gudanarwa ta fadada sosai a cikin karni na 20, yayin da hukumomin majalisa a duk duniya suka kirkiro karin hukumomin gwamnati don tsara bangarorin zamantakewa, tattalin arziki da siyasa na hulɗar ɗan adam.

Kasashen shari'ar farar hula galibi suna da kotuna na gudanarwa na musamman waɗanda ke nazarin waɗannan yanke shawara.

.A cikin shekaru hamsin da suka gabata, dokar gudanarwa, a kasashe da yawa na al'adar dokar farar hula, ta buɗe kanta ga tasirin ka'idojin da aka gabatar ta hanyar umarnin shari'a na kasa, wanda ka'idodin shari'a ke da muhimmancin gaske: ya haifar, ga ɗaya, ga canje-canje a wasu ra'ayoyin gargajiya na tsarin tsarin gudanarwa, kamar yadda ya faru da kayan jama'a ko kuma, ga wani, ya gina gwamnatin gwamnati ta kasa ko ta kasa da kasa ko kuma tare da batun ilimi, wanda, a cikin tsarin gudanarwa na Amurka, ya yiwu don taimakawa ci gaba da aka sadaukar da shi don taimakawa aikin gudanarwa

Ba kamar yawancin hukunce-hukuncen doka ba, yawancin hukunce'un shari'ar farar hula suna da kotuna na musamman ko sassan don magance shari'o'in gudanarwa waɗanda a matsayin doka suna amfani da ka'idojin tsari waɗanda aka tsara musamman don irin waɗannan shari'oʼin kuma sun bambanta da waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a cikin shari'ar shari'a mai zaman kanta, kamar kwangila ko ikirarin laifi.

### China
Dokar gudanarwa a kasar Sin kusan ba ta wanzu ba kafin Zamanin sake fasalin tattalin arziki wanda Deng Xiaoping ya fara. Tun daga shekarun 1980s kasar Sin ta gina sabon tsarin doka don dokar gudanarwa, kafa hanyoyin sarrafawa don kula da tsarin mulki, da kwamitocin horo ga Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta kasar Sin.

A shekara ta 1989, kasar Sin ta kafa dokar shari'ar gudanarwa, wacce ke ba da hanya ga mutane su kalubalanci matakin gwamnati.: 8 A cikin 2014, an yi gyare-gyare don rage nauyin da ke kan wadanda ke kalubalantar ayyukan gudanarwa. : 8 
## Manazarta
Kotun gudanarwa

Kotun gudanarwa wani nau'in kotu ne na musamman akan dokar gudanarwa, musamman jayayya game da amfani da ikon jama'a. Matsayin su shine tabbatar da cewa ayyukan hukuma sun yi daidai da doka. Irin waɗannan kotuna galibi ana ɗaukarsu daban ne da kotuna na yau da kullun.

Ayyukan gudanarwa an gane su daga alamar cewa sun zama masu ɗaure ba tare da izinin sauran ɓangarorin da abin ya shafa ba. Kwangilolin da ke tsakanin hukumomi da masu shari'a da doka ta sirri ke tafiyar da su yawanci suna zuwa ga ikon tsarin kotuna. Hukunce-hukuncen hukuma da aka yi jayayya a kotunan gudanarwa sun haɗa da:

Amurka ba ta da tsarin kotunan gudanarwa na daban a cikin sashin shari'a.  ] Maimakon haka, alkalan dokar gudanarwa (ALJs) ne ke jagorantar kotuna a cikin hukumomin reshen zartarwa. A cikin hukunce-hukuncen shari'a na Amurka, ana ɗaukar ALJs a matsayin wani ɓangare na reshen zartarwa, duk da rawar da suke takawa na shari'a, saboda tsananin rabuwar ikon da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Amurka ya sanya.  Za a iya daukaka karar hukuncin ALJ zuwa kotuna a bangaren shari'a.

Musamman ma, a cikin 1952, gwamnatin gurguzu ta Gabashin Jamus ta soke kotunan gudanarwa a matsayin "Burgeois". Wannan ya iyakance ikon 'yan ƙasa na yin takara da hukunce-hukuncen hukuma. A cikin 1989, an fara sake kafa tsarin a DDR, amma haɗin gwiwar Jamus ya sa wannan shirin ya ƙare.

## Jerin
Kotun Gudanarwa ƙwararriyar kotu ce ta King's Bench Division na Babban Kotun Shari'a a Ingila da Wales
Kotunan gudanarwa a Girka
Kotun Koli ta Gudanarwa na Jamhuriyar Poland
Kotun Gudanarwa ta Austria
Kotunan gudanarwa a Albaniya
Kotunan gudanarwa a Finland
Kotunan gudanarwa a Sweden
Kotunan gudanarwa a Mongoliya
Kotun Gudanarwa ta Thailand

## Manazarta
Majalisar ta 7

Majalisar Dokoki ta 7 ta Tarayyar Najeriya ta kasance majalisa ce mai majalisa biyu da aka kaddamar a ranar 6 ga Yuni 2011 kuma ta gudana har zuwa 6 ga Yuni 2015.Majalisar ta kunshi Majalisar Dattijai da Majalisar Wakilai.Majalisar Wakilai ta kunshi mambobi 360 da aka zaba da kuma Majalisar Dattijai, jimlar mambobi 109 daga cikinsu an zabi 73 kuma an sake zabar 36 a fadin yankuna 6 na siyasar Najeriya.An sake zabar David Mark, Shugaban Majalisar Dattijai na Majalisar 6 a dandalin Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a kuma an sake zabar Aminu Waziri Tambuwal, Kakakin Majalisar Wakilai a kan wannan dandalin bayan babban zaben 11 ga Afrilu.  

## Mambobin

### Manyan jami'ai

#### Jami'an Majalisar Dattijai
Teburin da ke ƙasa ya tsara manyan jami'an Majalisar Dattijai.

#### Jami'an Majalisar Wakilai

* Rt. Hon. Aminu Waziri Tambuwal - Kakakin Majalisar Wakilai
* Rt. Hon. Emeka Ihedioha - Mataimakin Shugaban Majalisar Wakilai
* Hon. Mulikat Akande Adeola - Shugaban Gida
* Hon. Ishaka Mohammed Bawa - Mafi Girma Whip
* Hon. Leonard Okuweh Ogor - Mataimakin Shugaban Gidan
* Hon. Ahmed Mukhtar Mohammed - Mataimakin Babban Whip
* Hon. Femi Gbajabiamila - Shugaba na Ƙananan
* Hon. Samson Raphael Osagie - Ƙananan Ƙwararrun
* Hon. Kawu Sumaila - Mataimakin Shugaban Ƙananan Ƙasa
* Hon. Garba Datti Muhammad - Mataimakin Whip na Ƙananan Ƙasa

## Manazarta
Ra'ayin shari'a

A cikin doka, ra'ayi na shari'a shine a wasu hukunce-hukuncen rubuce-rubucen bayani daga alkali ko ƙungiyar alkalai waɗanda ke tare da oda ko yanke hukunci a cikin shari'a, suna shimfida dalilai da ka'idojin shari'a don yanke hukunci.

Ra'ayoyin suna cikin waɗannan hukunce-hukuncen galibi ana buga su ne bisa umarnin kotu, kuma har ma, suna ɗauke da sanarwa game da menene dokar da yadda ya kamata a fassara ta, suna ƙarfafawa, canza, kafa, ko soke ƙa'idar doka. Idan kotu ta yanke shawarar cewa ya kamata a buga ra'ayi, za a iya haɗa ra'ayin a cikin juzu'i daga jerin littattafan da ake kira rahoton doka ('yan jarida' a Amurka). Hakanan ana kiran ra'ayoyin kotuna da aka buga gaba ɗaya azaman shari'ar shari'a, kuma suna cikin tsarin shari'a na gama gari ɗaya daga cikin manyan tushen doka.

## Ra'ayin memorandum
Ba kowane shari'ar da babbar kotu ta yanke ba ne ke haifar da buga wani ra'ayi; a haƙiƙa, yawancin lokuta ba sa yin hakan, tunda ana yawan buga ra’ayi ne kawai lokacin da ake fassara doka ta hanya mai ban mamaki, ko kuma shari’ar babban al’amari ne mai girma na jama’a kuma kotu na son yin cikakken bayani game da hukuncin da ta yanke a bainar jama’a. Shawarar takardar shedar ba ta kafa wata kafa ta shari'a ko sake fassara dokar ba, kuma ba za a iya yin amfani da ita a lokuta masu zuwa don tabbatar da hukunci ba. Ra'ayoyi kuma, ko da yaushe suna kafa takamaiman tafsiri na shari'a

## Ra'ayin shari'a na shawara ko jami'an doka na gwamnati
A cikin Burtaniya da sauran ƙasashe na gama gari, ra'ayin shari'a kuma yana nufin rubutaccen shawarwarin doka kan batun doka da ko dai lauya ko lauya ya bayar (wanda galibi ana kiransa "ra'ayin shawara") ko wani lokaci babban jami'in shari'a na gwamnati, kamar babban lauya. Inda lauyan waje ko kamfanin lauyoyin kasashen waje suka bayar da ra'ayin yawanci ana kiransa da 'ra'ayin shari'ar kasashen waje'.

## Manazarta
Taguella

**Taguella** (*Tagǝlla*) gurasa ce mai laushi, abincin da mutanen Tuareg ke zaune a cikin Sahara ke zaune. Gurasa ce mai siffar faifai da aka yi da garin alkama kuma an dafa shi a ƙarƙashin yashi mai zafi da gawayi na ƙaramin wuta. Sa'an nan kuma a raba gurasar zuwa ƙananan gutsuttsura kuma a ci tare da naman nama.

## Bayyanawa
Ana ba da shi a cikin babban ɗaki, a matsayin abinci ɗaya ko kuma ana ba da shi tare da naman tumaki, tare da awaki, raƙumi ko madarar tumaki, da shayi. Taguella shine abincin da ake amfani da shi na Tuaregs da kuma abincin su.

Taguella mai kauri ne, ba tare da yisti ba. An yi shi da semolina, alkama ko millet, wani lokacin ana gauraya shi da gari. Bayan an yi musu kneaded (na minti ashirin) sannan a dafa su a cikin gawayi a cikin toka da yashi; da hannun dama, Tuaregs suna cinye shi tare da sauce na tumatir da kayan lambu, ko nama daban-daban, ko chili ko miya kuma wani lokacin ana ɗanɗano da fennel na daji.

## Ka yi amfani da shi

## Dubi kuma

* Kakar Ash
* Abincin Berber
* Abincin Aljeriya

## Manazarta

*
Izinin tsarawa

Izinin tsarawa ko izinin gini yana nufin amincewar da ake buƙata don gini ko faɗaɗa (ciki har da gyare-gyare mai mahimmanci), wani lokacin kuma don rushewa, a wasu yankuna.[1][2]

Izinin ginin gida, alal misali, suna ƙarƙashin ƙa'idodin gini. Hakanan akwai "cakin tsari" (PLCK) don bincika yarda da tsare-tsaren yankin, idan akwai.[3] Misali, ba za a iya samun izini ba don gina gidan rawa a wurin da bai dace ba kamar unguwar waje mai yawan gaske[4][5]. Sharuɗɗan izinin tsarawa wani ɓangare ne na tsarin tsara birane da dokar gine-gine, kuma yawanci masu tsara gari ne waɗanda ƙananan hukumomi ke aiki da su.[6][7]

Rashin samun izini na iya haifar da tara, hukunce-hukunce, da ruguza ginin da ba a ba da izini ba idan ba za a iya sanya shi ya dace da lambar ba. Gabaɗaya, dole ne a bincika sabon ginin yayin ginin da kuma bayan kammalawa don tabbatar da bin ka'idodin gini na ƙasa, yanki, da na gida. Tunda izinin gine-gine yawanci yana kan gaba da kashe kuɗi don gini, aikin yi, ba da kuɗi da kayan masarufi, galibi ana amfani da su azaman jagorar nuni ga ci gaba a wasu fannonin tattalin arziki.

Yawan izinin gini da ake bayarwa kowace shekara ya bambanta da ƙasa.[8] Hanyoyin amincewa ta hanyar dama na iya yin sauri fiye da hanyoyin yarda da hankali.[9]

## A cikin takamaiman masana'antu
[ikon]	
Wannan sashe yana buƙatar faɗaɗawa. Kuna iya taimakawa ta ƙara zuwa gare shi. (Oktoba 2021)
Watsawa
A matsayin wani ɓangare na dokar watsa shirye-shirye, ana kuma amfani da kalmar wajen watsa shirye-shirye, inda kowane gidan rediyo da talabijin dole ne su nemi da karɓar izini don gina hasumiya na rediyo da eriya ta rediyo. Wannan nau'in izinin wata hukuma ce ta watsa shirye-shirye ta ƙasa ce ke ba da ita, amma ba ya nufin ware wasu izini da ƙananan hukumomi za su bayar. Izinin da kansa kuma baya nufin izinin gudanar da tashar da zarar an gina shi. A Amurka, izinin gini yana aiki har tsawon shekaru uku. Bayan haka, tashar dole ne ta sami cikakken lasisi don yin aiki, wanda ke da kyau har tsawon shekaru bakwai[10]. An bayar da wannan ta wani lasisin watsa shirye-shirye daban, wanda kuma ake kira "lasisi don rufewa" ta Hukumar Sadarwa ta Tarayya (FCC) a Amurka. Ana iya buƙatar ƙarin izini ko rajista don hasumiya daga hukumomin jiragen sama.

A cikin Amurka, yanzu ana ba da izinin gini don sabbin tashoshi na kasuwanci ta hanyar gwanjo, maimakon tsohon tsarin tantance wanda zai fi yiwa al'ummar lasisin hidima. Idan aƙalla mai neman ilimi wanda ba na kasuwanci ba (NCE) ya nemi rabon mitar da aka bayar, ko kuma yana kan tashar TV ta NCE ko a cikin rukunin FM, tsarin kwatancen yana gudana.

## Manazarta
Sandile Ginindza

**Sandile 'Nkomishi' Ginindza** ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ' na Liswati wanda ke ' buga wa Mbabane Swallows FC da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙasa ' ta Eswatini . 

## Manazarta
Steven Lawani

Cif **Steven Lawani** (Disamba 30, 1947) ya kasance Mataimakin Gwamna na Jihar Benue, Najeriya, ya kasance Mataimakiyar Shugaban Kasa na Yarjejeniyar Jamhuriyar Republican (NRC), an zabe shi a matsayin Sanata a karkashin Jam'iyyar United Nigeria Congress a lokacin shirin sauyawa na Sani Abacha . 

Lawani ya fara karatunsa na farko a makarantar firamare ta St. Augustine Otukpo sannan makarantar sakandare ta Mount St. Michaels Aliade tsakanin 1962 da 1967 sannan daga baya a Kwalejin Gwamnati, Kaduna daga 1968 zuwa 1969. Yana da B.Sc. (Hons) Digiri na Tattalin Arziki daga ABU Zaria kuma a 1975 ya sami Digiri na Ci gaba a Gudanar da Otal, a Manchester Polytechnic a Burtaniya, kuma a 1980 ya sami Digirin Ci gaban Gudanarwa a Jami'ar Cambridge kuma a Burtaniya. Ya kasance Fellow na Cibiyar Otal da Catering ta Najeriya da Cibiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Najeriya.

Ya yi aiki a wurare da yawa a bangarorin masu zaman kansu da na jama'a; a shekara ta 2004, Shugaban kasa, Cif Olusegun Obasanjo ya ba shi lambar yabo ta kasa ta Jami'in Jamhuriyar Tarayya (OFR).

## Manazarta
Abdulmalik Asekomhe Afegbua

**Alhaji Abdulmalik Asekomhe Afegbua** (c. 1845-Yuni 8, 1954) (OBE) ya kasance Sarkin Najeriya kuma na farko Paramount Otaru na mulkin Okpella . 

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Afegbua a Okpella a kusa da 1845, ga Asekomhe Afemikhe & Etategbe Okhituama Ofeoshi na Awuyemi Okpella

## Manazarta
Ajaka (Olowo)

**Olowo al'ada** ya kasance mai mulkin gargajiya na Owo Kingdom, Jihar Ondo, kudu maso yamma Najeriya . Ya gaji mahaifinsa, Olowo Ajagbusi Ekun . 

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Olowo Ajaka a Owo, Jihar Ondo, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai mulkin gargajiya na Owo Kingdom. Ya gaji mahaifinsa Olowo Ajagbusi Ekun.

## Manazarta
Mataimakin gwamnan Jihar Edo

**mataimakin gwamnan [[Edo|Jihar Edo]]** shine jami'in na biyu mafi girma a reshen zartarwa na gwamnan jihar Edo, Najeriya, bayan gwamnan Jihwar Edo, kuma yana cikin matsayi na farko a layin maye gurbin. Ana zabar mataimakin gwamna kai tsaye tare da gwamna don wa'adin shekaru hudu. Mataimakin gwamna yana da ikon tsarin mulki don yin aiki a matsayin gwamna a yayin mutuwar gwamna, murabus, impeachment, ko rashin. Mataimakin gwamnan kuma yana taimaka wa gwamnan a cikin gudanarwar jihar kuma yana yin duk wani aiki da gwamnan zai iya ba shi.

Dennis Idahosa shine mataimakin gwamna na yanzu, bayan ya hau mulki a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 2024.

## cancanta
Kamar yadda yake ga Gwamna, don ya cancanci a zabe shi a matsayin mataimakin gwamnan, dole ne mutum ya zama:

:* zama akalla shekaru talatin da biyar (35);
:* zama ɗan ƙasar Najeriya ta hanyar haihuwa;
:* zama memba na jam'iyyar siyasa tare da amincewar wannan jam'iyyar;
:* suna da Takardar shaidar makaranta ko kwatankwacinsa.

## Ayyuka da alhakin
Mataimakin gwamnan Jihar Edo yana da ayyuka da alhakin da suka biyo baya: 

* Cikawa ga gwamnan a yayin da gwamnan ba zai iya kasancewa ba ko kuma ba zai iya ba
* Taimaka wa gwamnan ci gaba da aiwatar da manufofi da shirye-shiryen gwamnatin jihar
* Kula da ayyukan majalisar zartarwa ta jihar da kwamitocin ta
* Gudanar da ma'aikatu, sassan da hukumomin gwamnatin jihar
* Shugabancin kwamitin iyaka na jihar da hukumar kula da gaggawa ta jihar
* Wakilin gwamnatin jihar a cikin abubuwan da suka faru na kasa da kasa
* Sadarwa tare da gwamnatin tarayya, wasu jihohi, kananan hukumomi da kungiyoyin farar hula kan batutuwan da suka shafi kowa
* Yin duk wani aiki da gwamnan zai iya ba shi

## Jerin mataimakan gwamnoni

## Manazarta
Chido Obi

**Chidozie Obi-Martin** (an haife shi 29 Novemberba shekarar ta 2007), wanda aka fi sani da **Chido Obi**,  ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar kasar Denmark wanda ke taka leda a ' matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Manchester United.

## Farkon rayuwa
An haifi Obi a Glostrup, wani yanki na Copenhagen, ga iyayen Najeriya.

## Ayyukan Kwallo

### Arsenal
Bayan ya fara aikinsa a Denmark tare da KB na gida, Obi ya koma Ingila tun yana yaro, ya ci gaba da shiga makarantar Arsenal yana ɗan shekara goma sha huɗu. Ya samu ci gaba a matsayin matashin kulob din, inda ya kafa kansa a matsayin kwararre wajen zura kwallo a raga, kuma ya kai matakin matasa ‘yan kasa da shekaru 18 yana dan shekara sha biyar. A farkon farawansa na ’yan kasa da shekara 18, ya ci hat-trick a wasan da suka doke Southampton da ci 4-0 a ranar 23 ga Satumba 2023, inda ya samu kwatancen dan wasan Najeriya na kasa da kasa Victor Osimhen a kafafen yada labarai na Danish.

A wata mai zuwa Obi ya fara buga wa kungiyar ta ‘yan kasa da shekara 21, yayin da yake da sha biyar. Ya ci gaba da hawan sa na meteoric a Arsenal a farkon Nuwamba 2023, wanda kocin kungiyar farko Mikel Arteta ya kira shi ya shiga babbar kungiyar don horo. Obi ya yi kanun labaran duniya a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba 2023, inda ya zira kwallaye goma yayin da Arsenal ta doke Liverpool da ci 14–3 a matakin 'yan kasa da shekaru 16. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2024, Obi ya sake yin kanun labarai, inda ya ci wa Arsenal kwallaye bakwai a wasan da suka doke Norwich City da ci 9-0, inda ya zura kwallaye 24 a wasanni bakwai da ya buga a Arsenal na ‘yan kasa da shekara 18. A ranar 29 ga Yuli 2024, Obi ya sanar da barin Arsenal a shafinsa na Instagram.

## Manazarta
Agboola Ojomo Agunloye

**John Agboola Ojomo Agunloye II** shi ne babban sarki Yoruba na Ijebu, Owo a Jihar Ondo, kudu maso yammacin Najeriya . Ya mutu a ranar 31 ga Mayu 2003 kuma Sarki Kofoworola Oladoyinbo Ojomo ya gaje shi, wanda ya hau gadon sarauta a ranar 13 ga Yuni 2004. 

## Farkon aiki
An haifi John Agboola Ojomo Agunloye a cikin dangin sarauta, tare da mahaifinsa yana mulki a matsayin Sarkin Yoruba na Ijebu daga 1913 har zuwa 1938. Bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa, Agboola ya hau gadon sarauta a matsayin Sarkin Ijebu II.

## Mutuwa
Sarki Agunloye II ya mutu a ranar 31 ga Mayu, 2003.

## Wanda ya maye gurbinsa
Sarki Kofoworola Oladoyinbo Ojomo, ya hau gadon sarauta a ranar 13 ga Yuni, 2004 a matsayin Sarki Kofowola Oladoyibo Ojomo III. 

## Manazarta
Tabil

**'Ahammed**' cakuda kayan yaji ne na Tunisian wanda ya kunshi kwayar kwai, tafarnuwa ko kwayar kwayi, da foda. Sauran sinadaran kuma ana iya haɗa su, kamar su fure foda, cumin, mint, laurel, cloves ko turmeric. Kalmar *tabil* tana nufin "saisoning" a cikin Larabci na Tunisiya, kuma sau ɗaya ana nufin coriander da kansa.

Ana kuma amfani da cakuda kayan yaji, sau da yawa a haɗe tare da harissa a cikin jita-jita daban-daban ciki har da nama ko stews na kifi, da kayan lambu.

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin abincin Gabas ta Tsakiya
* Jerin abincin Afirka

## Manazarta
Abdulrasheed Adewale Akanbi

**Abdulrasheed Adewale Akanbi** an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Yuni 1967 masarautar Najeriya ce. Shi ne Oluwo na 16 na Iwo . 

An haifi Oba Abdulrasheed Adewale Akanbi a ranar 21 ga Yuni, 1967 ga dangin Yarima Kola Akanbi na Gidan Gudanarwa na Gbaase, Masarautar Iwo .Adewale Akanbi yana da makarantar firamare a Omolewa Nursery da Firamare, Oritamefa, Ibadan tsakanin 1972 da 1978. A shekara ta 1978 Adewale Akanbi ya fara karatun sakandare a makarantar Iwo Grammar School, Araromi, Iwo kuma daga baya ya tafi makarantar sakandare ta Oba Akinyele Memorial, Idi-Ape, Ibadan . Daga baya ya halarci Polytechnic Ibadan inda ya sami difloma na kasa a cikin Sadarwar Jama'a a shekarar 1987. 

## Ayyuka
Oba Abdulrasheed Adewale Akanbi shi ne Darakta kuma wanda ya kafa People Against Loneliness Inc., kuma manajan darakta na Morganz Gamo Quarry, Ibadan .

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Oba Abdulrasheed Adewale Akanbi Musulmi ne mai ibada kuma ya auri Gimbiya Firdaus wanda ya auri bayan ya saki matarsa ta farko Chanel Chin tare da ita yana da ɗa. An albarkaci aurensu da 'yar.

## Manazarta
Fredrick Obateru Akinruntan

**Fredrick Obateru Akinruntan** masarautar Najeriya ce kuma mashahurin mai wanda shine mai mulkin gargajiya na yanzu na Masarautar Ugbo, Jihar gargajiya ta Najeriya a cikin Karamar Hukumar Ilaje, Jihar Ondo, kudu maso yammacin Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Obat Oil, daya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin mai masu zaman kansu a Najeriya.******

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2014 *Forbes* ya kiyasta darajarsa ta US $ 300 miliyan. Mujallar *Forbes* ta sanya Obateru a matsayin Sarki na biyu mafi arziki a Afirka kuma mafi arziki a Najeriya. Ya wuce Sarki Olubuse II, Ooni na Ife, tare da dala miliyan 225 da kuma Swaziland Sarki Mswati III da sama da dala miliyan 200 don zama sarki na biyu mafi arziki a Afirka a shekarar 2014 bayan Mohammed VI na Morocco.Yana da al'ada da aka gina a 2012 Rolls-Royce mai kama da na Sarauniya Elizabeth II kuma a ranar 14 ga Janairun 2014, a cikin wata hira da Daily Post, ya ce "Ina da agogo na dala miliyan 1, ina amfani da irin motar kamar Sarauniya ta Ingila".

Obateru shine baƙar fata na farko da ya sayi samfurin 2014 na motar Bentley.   A *Rana* Yulin 2013, a wata hira da The Sun, Obateru ya ce: "Lokaci na farko da na ga mota shine 1961 a Sapele. A wannan lokacin, Sir Festus Okotie-Eboh yana da otal a Sapele, Waterside Hotel. Wannan shi ne karo na farko da nake ganin otal a rayuwata. Mun yi amfani da shi don bayyana otal-otal a matsayin mashaya. Wannan shine karo na farko na san bambancin tsakanin otal da mashaya. "

## Tarihi
An haifi Obateru a shekara ta 1950 a cikin dangin sarauta na Sir Frederick Adetolugbo a Ugbo, wani yanki na kogi a Ilaje . Shi ne ɗa na huɗu a cikin iyali na takwas amma ya rasa mahaifinsa a 1964 lokacin da yake ɗan shekara 14.

A shekara ta 1982, akwai annabci cewa Obateru zai zama Olugbo na Masarautar Ugbo, annabcin da bai taba ɗauka da muhimmanci ba. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan wannan annabcin, an ba da lakabin shugabanci na musamman a gare shi kamar yadda aka ba da Olugbo na gaba ga ɗan'uwansa. Wannan ya haifar da karar da aka shigar a kan Olugbo na lokacin da wani dangin sarauta a cikin wannan zuriya wanda ya bukaci a cire shi daga sarauta tare da da'awar cewa iyalinsa sun zauna a wurin zama sama da shekaru 200. Sarki na lokacin ya rasa shari'ar kuma an nada Obateru a matsayin Sarki a shekara ta 2009, daidai da al'adu da al'adun Ugbo Kingdom.

## Obat Oil
Obateru ta kafa Obat Oil a 1981. A yau, kamfanin yana da tashoshin gas sama da 50 a fadin yankuna shida na siyasar Najeriya kuma kamfanin ya mallaki ɗayan manyan gonakin tanki a Afirka, wurin ajiya na zamani wanda zai iya adana lita miliyan 65 na Kayayyakin man fetur. Obateru ya nada ɗansa na biyu, Yarima Akinfemiwa Akinrutan, manajan darektan kamfanin. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2013, Babban Kotun Tarayya da ke zaune a Abuja ta ba da umarnin kama shi nan da nan kan zargin rashin biyayya ga umarnin kotu, biyo bayan karar da Barrister Iyke Ukadike ya gabatar kuma ya yi jayayya a gaban kotun.

## Manazarta