Tasirin sauyin yanayi akan wurare masu zafi

***Tasirin sauyin yanayi a yankuna masu zafi*** ya haɗa da canje-canje a yanayin yanayin ruwa, rayuwar ɗan adam, rayayyun halittu, lalata dazuzzukan wurare masu zafi da kuma haifar da zaman lafiyar muhalli a waɗannan yankuna. Canjin yanayi yana da alaƙa da sauye-sauye a yanayin zafi, yanayin hazo, da matsanancin yanayin yanayi. Wuraren wurare masu zafi, waɗanda ke tsakanin Tropic of Cancer da Tropic of Capricorn, an san su da yanayin zafi mai zafi, babban nau'in halittu, da yanayin halittu daban-daban, gami da dazuzzuka, murjani reefs, da mangroves.

## Dazuzzukan wurare masu zafi
Zagayen Carbon
Dazuzzukan wurare masu zafi suna da mahimmanci a cikin zagayowar carbon na duniya, suna aiki azaman mahimman nitsewar carbon ta hanyar ɗaukar CO2 ta hanyar photosynthesis. Koyaya, sauyin yanayi yana canza wannan ma'auni. Ƙara yawan yanayin zafi da canje-canje a yanayin hazo na iya rage girman girma dazuzzuka da canza nau'in nau'in, mai yuwuwar rage ƙarfin dazuzzukan don sarrafa carbon. Matsanancin yanayi, kamar fari da guguwa, na iya haifar da karuwar mace-macen bishiyu, da kara rage karfin ajiyar carbon na wadannan dazuzzuka da yin barazana ga halittunsu da ayyukan muhalli.

## Lalacewa
Dazuzzukan dazuzzukan na wurare masu zafi suna fuskantar barazanar sauyin yanayi. Canje-canjen yanayin ruwan sama da kuma yanayin zafi na iya haifar da fari, wanda ke shafar lafiya da rarraba nau'ikan dazuzzuka. Wadannan sauye-sauyen na kara ta'azzara illar sare bishiyoyi da sauyin amfani da kasa, wanda ke haifar da asarar rayayyun halittu da kuma shafar rayuwar al'ummomin 'yan asali da mazauna yankunan da suka dogara da wadannan dazuzzuka. Haka kuma, lalacewar dazuzzukan dazuzzuka na taimaka wa canjin yanayi ta hanyar sakin carbon da aka adana a cikin sararin samaniya, ƙirƙirar madaidaicin ra'ayi wanda ke ƙara haɓaka ɗumamar yanayi.

Wani binciken da aka bayyana a cikin labarin yanayi na 2022 ya jaddada fa'idodin yanayin yanayi na gandun daji masu zafi fiye da ajiyar carbon. Dazuzzuka masu zafi suna kwantar da duniyar da kashi ɗaya bisa uku na digiri ta hanyar hanyoyin nazarin halittu kamar humidating iska da sakin sinadarai masu sanyaya, baya ga rawar da suke takawa wajen fitar da carbon dioxide daga iska. Wannan yana nuna mahimmancin mahimmancin kiyaye gandun daji na wurare masu zafi ba kawai don ƙarfin ajiyar carbon ɗinsu ba har ma da babban rawar da suke takawa wajen daidaita yanayin duniya.

Yanayin yanayin ruwa
Dumamar ruwan teku ya haifar da bleaching na murjani da kuma gurɓacewar raƙuman murjani, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci ga bambancin halittun ruwa da kamun kifi. Coral reefs suna tallafawa wani kaso mai yawa na nau'in kifi na duniya, suna ba da abinci da abin rayuwa ga miliyoyin mutane. Yayin da yanayin yanayin teku ya tashi, dangantakar da ke tsakanin murjani da algae ta rushe, wanda ke haifar da bleaching kuma, a lokuta masu tsanani, mutuwar murjani mazauna. Wannan ba wai kawai yana rinjayar nau'in da ke dogara kai tsaye ga murjani reefs ba har ma yana tasiri mafi girman gidan yanar gizon abinci na ruwa da yawan amfanin kamun kifi.[6] Bugu da ƙari, sauyin yanayi yana tasiri magudanar ruwa da matakan teku, yana ƙara canza rarrabawar kifi da wuraren zama. Bugu da ƙari kuma, acidification na teku, sakamakon haɓakar matakan CO2, yana lalata ikon kifin kifi da murjani don samar da harsashi da kwarangwal, yana ƙara yin barazana ga yanayin teku da al'ummomin da suka dogara da su.

Daidaitawa da ragewa
Magance tasirin sauyin yanayi a yankuna masu zafi yana buƙatar haɗin gwiwar duniya da ayyukan gida. Dabarun sun haɗa da karewa da dawo da yanayin muhalli, aiwatar da dorewar amfani da ƙasa da tsarin kula da kamun kifi, da rage hayaƙin hayaƙi. Sabbin fasahohi, irin su tauraron dan adam lura da sare bishiyoyi da gobarar daji, tare da kokarin kiyaye al'umma, na iya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wadannan dabarun. Bugu da ƙari, haɓaka ayyukan noma mai ɗorewa a kusa da gandun daji na wurare masu zafi zai iya taimakawa wajen kiyaye waɗannan yanayin yayin da ake tallafawa tattalin arzikin gida.

Cibiyar Albarkatun Duniya ta ba da haske kan hanyoyin magance hanyoyin daidaitawa da dalilai na ragewa, gami da kare wuraren dausayi na bakin teku, haɓaka dazuzzuka masu dorewa, rarraba makamashi, da tabbatar da haƙƙin ƴan asalin ƙasar. Waɗannan dabarun ba wai kawai suna taimakawa rage fitar da iskar carbon ba amma suna inganta juriya ga tasirin yanayi. Misali, wuraren dausayi na bakin teku suna ba da guguwa da ambaliya yayin da ake tanadin iskar carbon mai yawa. Ayyukan aikin gonaki suna haɓaka haɓakar ƙasa da rarrabuwar carbon, kuma tsarin samar da makamashi mai ƙarfi yana haɓaka juriya ga sauyin yanayi. Ganewa da kuma tabbatar da haƙƙin ƴan asalin ƙasar, waɗanda ke gudanar da wani yanki mai yawa na ƙasar duniya, na iya haifar da ingantacciyar sakamako na kiyaye gandun daji da rage sare itatuwa.

## Manazarta