Zhang Xin

**Zhang Xin** ( simplified Chinese     , wanda kuma aka fi sani da **Xin Zhang** yar **Xin "Shynn" Zhang**,  an haife ta a shekara ta 1965) ƴar kasuwa ce ta ƙasar Sin, wadda ta samu babban rabo a masana'antar gidaje . Tare da mijinta Pan Shiyi, ita ce mai haɗin gwiwa kuma tsohon Shugaba na SOHO China, mai gina ofisoshin Sinawa. Ta yi murabus daga matsayin Shugaba a ranar 7 ga Satumba 2022 "domin mayar da hankali kan tallafawa ayyukan fasaha da ayyukan jin kai."    Tun daga wannan lokacin ta ɗauki matsayin wanda ya kafa Closer Media, kamfanin samar da fina-finai na New York City kuma mai kuɗi.  

Ta girma a cikin ƙaramin yanayi a Beijing da Hong Kong, inda ta kasance ma'aikaciyar masana'anta na ɗan lokaci, daga ƙarshe Zhang ta mallaki kamfanoni da ke da alhakin ci gaban gidaje da dama a Beijing da Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 2010, Zhang ya fara sauyawa daga tsarin kasuwanci na gine-gine da sayar da kadarori zuwa na saye da ba da hayarsu.  Har ila yau, Zhang ya sami babban hannun jari a filin Park Avenue Plaza na birnin New York da ginin General Motors,     tare da ƙaddamar da sashin sararin samaniya na SOHO 3Q don wannan dalili a cikin Fabrairu 2015.  A cikin 2014, an jera Zhang a matsayin mace ta 62 mafi ƙarfi a duniya ta *Forbes*,  kuma ana kiranta "a kai a kai ɗaya daga cikin manyan 'yan kasuwa a duniya."  Zhang da mijinta kuma a baya *Forbes* ta sanya su a cikin "ma'aurata mafi ƙarfi a duniya."  A matsayinta na fitattun mata 'yan kasuwa na kasar Sin, Zhang tana da mabiya kusan miliyan 10 a kan Sina Weibo ta yanar gizo. 

Zhang da Pan sun kafa gidauniyar SOHO ta ƙasar Sin a shekara ta 2005 a matsayin ƙungiyar ba da taimako don shiga ayyukan da aka mayar da hankali kan ilimi don kawar da talauci. A cikin shekarar 2014, Gidauniyar ta ƙaddamar da guraben karatu na SOHO na Sin don ba da taimakon kuɗi ga ɗaliban Sinawa masu digiri na farko a manyan jami'o'in duniya.  Skolashif na SOHO na China suna tallafawa kusan ɗaliban Sinawa 50 waɗanda ke neman digiri na biyu a Harvard, Yale, da Jami'ar Chicago.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
A cikin shekarun 1950, iyayen Zhang Xin, 'yan kabilar Burma na biyu, sun bar Burma suka yi hijira zuwa kasar Sin.    A can, sun yi aiki a matsayin masu fassara a Latsa Harsunan Waje .  Sun rabu a lokacin juyin juya halin al'adu .

An haife shi a birnin Beijing a shekara ta 1965, Zhang ta kasance tare da mahaifiyarta bayan rabuwar iyayenta,  ta ƙaura tare da mahaifiyarta zuwa Hong Kong tana da shekaru 15,  inda suke zaune a cikin daki mai girman isa ga gadaje guda biyu. .  Don yin tanadi don samun ilimi a ƙasashen waje, ta yi aiki na shekaru biyar a cikin ƙananan masana'antun da ke kera tufafi da kayan lantarki.   A lokacin da ta kai shekara 19, ta yi tanadin isassun kudin jirgi zuwa Landan da kuma tallafa wa kanta don nazarin Turanci a makarantar sakatariya a Oxford.  Don tallafa wa kanta a Burtaniya, ta "yi aiki a wani kantin kifin gargajiya na Burtaniya da guntu wanda wasu ma'auratan Sinawa ke gudanarwa," kuma ta ɗauki Firayim Minista Margaret Thatcher a matsayin abin koyi,  yayin da kuma ta haɓaka "sha'awar hagu na hagu. Masana ilimin Birtaniya." 

A 1987, yayin da take ci gaba da karatu a Landan, ta sami tallafin karatu wanda ya ba ta damar fara karatun tattalin arziki a Jami'ar Sussex, inda ta sami digiri na farko.   A shekara ta 1992, ta kammala karatun digiri na biyu a fannin tattalin arziki na ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge,  inda ta rubuta karatun digiri na biyu kan mallakar kamfani a kasar Sin.  A cikin 2013, Zhang ya sami digiri na girmamawa daga Jami'ar Sussex. 

## Sana'a

### Zuba jari na farko
Bayan kammala karatun, Zhang ta samu hayar Barings PLC (daga baya bankin Barings ), wanda ya zayyana daliban Cambridge ga daliban da ke da masaniya kan harkokin kasuwanci a kasar Sin, wanda kuma ya dauki Zhang aiki bisa karfin karatun digirinta kan wannan batu.  Ta koma Hong Kong don yin aiki, amma a cikin 1993, Goldman Sachs ya saye sashinta a Barings, kuma an mayar da Zhang zuwa birnin New York,  inda ta taimaka wajen kawo masana'antun Sinawa masu zaman kansu zuwa musayar hannun jari.  Bisa sha'awar yadda kasar Sin ke kara habaka birane, ta koma garinsu, Beijing, inda ta sadu da mijinta, kuma ta auri mijinta - wanda aka ce ya ba da shawarar kwanaki hudu bayan haduwarsu, a shekarar 1994.   A cikin 1994, ma'auratan sun fara wani aikin ci gaba mai amfani da gauraya akan ƙasa maras so, mai suna "New Town." 

Ta kafa Hongshi (ma'ana Red Stone), wanda daga baya ya zama SOHO China, tare da mijinta Pan Shiyi a 1995.  A cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, sun fara wasu ayyukan raya kasa guda shida a kasar Sin, ciki har da aikin raya zama a Boao, dake tsibirin Hainan, da kuma cibiyar babbar ganuwa, wani otal din otel da ke birnin Beijing wanda ke nuna ayyukan gine-ginen Asiya goma sha biyu da aka dauka. Zhang.   A farkon aurensu da dangantakar kasuwanci, ma'auratan sun sami sabani saboda ra'ayoyi daban-daban na yadda ya kamata a gudanar da kasuwancin, wanda ya sa Zhang ya koma Ingila don yin tunani.  Daga ƙarshe, ta yanke shawarar komawa wurin mijinta, amma ta bar kasuwancin na ɗan lokaci, ta dawo ta mai da hankali kan ƙarshen ƙirar lokacin da kasuwanci ya ƙaru. 

### Ci gaba daga baya
A cikin shekaru 10 bayan da Zhang da Shiyi suka kafa kamfaninsu, shi ne kamfani mafi girma da ke bunkasa kadarori a kasar, inda aka fi sani da Zhang da "matar da ta gina birnin Beijing".    A shekara ta 2008, *jaridar The Times* ta bayyana ma'auratan a matsayin "masu hannu da shuni na kasar Sin."  A cikin 2011, Zhang ya fara canzawa daga haɓakawa da sayar da kadarori kawai zuwa saye da ba da hayar sararin samaniya, kuma ya fice daga China ta hanyar samun hannun jarin dala miliyan 600 a filin Park Avenue Plaza na birnin New York,  ya biyo baya tare da shiga cikin rukuni. samun kashi 40 na hannun jari a Ginin General Motors a tsakiyar garin Manhattan a cikin 2014,   don rahoto. $1.4 biliyan.  A wannan lokacin, Zhang, ta hanyar SOHO Sin, ya shiga cikin ci gaba 18 a Beijing da 11 a Shanghai. 

A shekarar 2014, Zhang da mijinta sun kaddamar da wani shirin bayar da agaji na dalar Amurka miliyan 100, wato SOHO Scholarships na kasar Sin, "don tallafawa daliban kasar Sin marasa galihu a manyan cibiyoyi na duniya,"    ciki har da kyautuka na sama da dala miliyan 10 ga Yale. Jami'ar, sama da dala miliyan 15 zuwa Jami'ar Harvard, da dala miliyan 10 ga Jami'ar Chicago ; Kyaututtukan sun haifar da cece-kuce tsakanin masu sukar da suke ganin za a iya kashe kudaden wajen inganta makarantu a kasar Sin.  Skolashif na SOHO na kasar Sin yana tallafawa kusan ɗaliban Sinawa 50 waɗanda ke neman digiri na farko a jami'o'in haɗin gwiwa. 

Kamfanin SOHO na kasar Sin ya fara sauyawa daga tsarin kasuwanci na gine-gine da sayar da kadarori zuwa na saye da ba da hayarsu,  tare da Zhang ya halarci bikin kaddamar da sashen sararin samaniya na SOHO 3Q na watan Fabrairu na 2015, yana ba da hayar sararin samaniya ga kamfanoni a birane. China. 

Zhang ya koma Amurka a lokacin cutar ta COVID-19 kuma ya yi murabus daga SOHO China a watan Satumba na 2022. 

### Ganewa

Zhang ta samu lambobin yabo na kasa da kasa saboda rawar da ta taka a matsayin mai kula da gine-gine a kasar Sin da kuma matsayinta na 'yar kasuwa.  A cikin 2002, an ba ta kyauta ta musamman a 8th la Biennale di Venezia don Sadarwa ta Babban bango, tarin gine-gine masu zaman kansu, yanzu otel. 

Zhang memba ne na dandalin tattalin arzikin duniya, Davos kuma memba ne a kwamitin ba da shawara na duniya na Harvard.  Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da amana ga Cibiyar Nazarin Sinawa a Amurka daga 2005 zuwa 2010, kuma Cibiyar ta Sin ta ba da lambar yabo ta Blue Cloud a 2010.  A cikin 2014, Zhang ya kasance mace ta 62 mafi karfi a duniya ta *Forbes* .  kuma ana kiranta "a kai a kai ɗaya daga cikin manyan 'yan kasuwa a duniya."  Zhang da mijinta su ma *Forbes* ta sanya su a cikin "ma'aurata mafi ƙarfi a duniya."  An nada Zhang a matsayin mai kula da gidan kayan tarihi na fasaha na zamani  da kuma na Majalisar Kasuwancin Asiya. 

Zhang ya yi bayyani na zomo, a matsayin wakilin wani mai saka hannun jari na kasar Sin, a cikin fim din *Wall Street na 2010: Kudi Ba Ya Barci* . 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Zhang da Pan suna da 'ya'ya maza biyu.   Membobin Bahaushe ne .  

## Manazarta

## Kara karantawa

* Gillet, Kit. " ZHANG XIN " ( Archive ). *[[China International Business|Sin International Business]]* (CIB). Janairu 2010, 19 Janairu 2010.

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* "Maigin Biliyan na China," *Mujallar Kasuwar Bloomberg*, 11 ga Agusta, 2010
* "Yadda Addini ke Canja Mai Haɓaka Biliyoyin Sinawa", *Jaridar Wall Street Journal*, 6 Maris 2011
* Zhang Xin