Léopold Louis Joubert

**Léopold Louis Joubert** (ko **Ludovic Joubert** ) (22 Fabrairu 1842 - 27 Mayu 1927) sojan Faransa ne kuma ɗan mishan. Ya yi yaƙi da Paparoma States tsakanin 1860 zuwa 1870 a lokacin haɗin kan Italiya, wanda ya yi adawa da shi. Daga baya ya taimaki masu mishan na White Fathers a Gabashin Afirka kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen dakile cinikin bayi tsakanin 1885 zuwa 1892. Ya auri wata mata a yankin ya zauna a bakin tafkin Tanganyika, inda ya zauna har ya rasu yana da shekaru tamanin da biyar.

## Shekarun farko
An haifi Léopold Louis Joubert a Saint-Herblon, Faransa a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu 1842.  Tun yana yaro yana so ya zama kamar mayaƙan Kirista na dā.  An yi masa lakabi da "Ludovic" tun yana yaro, kuma ana kiransa da wannan sunan tun yana babba. Ya halarci makaranta a Ancenis (1854-1858) sannan Combrée (1858-1860). Joubert ya bar makaranta a 1860 don shiga cikin sojojin da Paparoma Pius IX yake tadawa don kare jihohin Paparoma a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar Franco-Belgian wanda daga baya aka kira Papal Zouaves . 

A ranar 18 ga Satumba 1860 Joubert ya yi yaƙi a Yaƙin Castelfidardo, inda aka ji masa rauni, aka ɗauke shi fursuna ya koma Faransa. Bayan ya murmure, ya koma Roma a watan Yuni 1861, kuma an nada shi Sajan a 1862. Ya kasance a Roma a matsayin memba na Zouaves bayan Napoleon III ya janye sojojin Faransa daga Italiya a cikin Disamba 1866. Ya zama Laftanar a ranar 30 ga Disamba 1866 da Kyaftin a ranar 14 Disamba 1867, yana da shekaru ashirin da biyar. A ranar 20 ga Satumba 1870 ya umarci masu kare Porta Salaria a lokacin da ba a yi nasara ba na kare Roma a kan sojojin sabuwar Masarautar Italiya .

A lokacin yakin Franco-Prussian Janar Athanase Charette ya shirya Zouaves na Faransa a matsayin gawawwakin "Masu sa kai na Yamma".  Joubert ya yi aiki a matsayin kyaftin a cikin wannan gawarwakin amma ya ki amincewa da tayin wani kwamiti na dindindin a matsayin kyaftin a cikin sojojin Faransa, don ya ci gaba da kasancewa a hidimar Paparoma.  Bayan yakin ya ƙare a 1871 ya koma La Sébilière a Mésanger, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin manomi har zuwa 1879. A 1879 ya zama sakatare Janar Charette kuma mai koyar da dansa.  Janar ya kasance mai goyon bayan masarautar Bourbon sannan kuma mai kishin ra'ayin sarautar Paparoma na wucin gadi. 

## Balaguron Afirka na farko

A ranar 15 ga Janairun 1880 Joubert ya bar Marseille zuwa Algiers inda ya ba da aiki a matsayin ma’aikacin taimako da ke kare mishan da Archbishop Charles Lavigerie ’s Society of Missionaries of Africa, ko White Fathers ke tura. Dillalan bayi masu dauke da makamai sun yi wa ayarin masu wa’azi a ƙasashen waje barazana a yankin Manyan Tafkuna na Gabashin Afirka. A ranar 8 ga Nuwamba 1880 Joubert ya bar Algiers tare da ayari na uku a matsayin kwamandan Zouaves shida. Ayarin sun isa Bagamoyo, daura da Zanzibar, a ranar 3 ga Disamba, 1880.  Bayan jinkiri da matsaloli da yawa ta isa Tabora a cikin ƙasar Tanzaniya a yanzu a cikin Disamba 1881. 

Joubert ya ci gaba da tafiya zuwa Ujiji akan tafkin Tanganyika, wanda ya kai ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 1882.  Ya taimaka wajen karfafa aikin a Mulwewa da ke yammacin gabar tafkin, da horar da masu kare Afirka na gida. Ya kuma taimaka wajen samun manufa a arewa da kudancin iyakar tafkin, kuma shi ne ke da alhakin gina katafaren manufa na Lavigerieville ( Kibanga ). Daga baya masu wa’azin mishan sun watsar da sabbin tashoshi uku saboda harin da ’yan kasuwar bayi masu ƙarfi Tippu Tip da Rumaliza suka kai musu. Cobra mai tofi ta makantar da Joubert na wani dan lokaci.  Dole ne ya koma Faransa a watan Mayu 1885 don jinya. 

## Manufar mulkin Kirista
Cardinal Lavigerie ya kasance mai kishin ra'ayin kafa wata kasa ta Kirista ta tsakiya wacce za ta iya mamaye cikin Afirka da kuma kawar da tasirin Freemasons, Socialist, Furotesta da Musulmai. A wani lokaci ana ganin mulkin Buganda zai iya taka wannan rawar, kuma Joubert ya yi tunanin cewa watakila ya zama "Ministan Yaƙi ga Baƙar fata, Mutesa ." An yi watsi da wannan ra'ayin, kamar yadda wani shiri ne na amfani da Masarautar Lunda a matsayin tushe. 

A shekara ta 1885 taron Berlin ya daidaita sha'awar turawan mulkin mallaka a Afirka. Yankin da a yanzu ya ƙunshi Ruwanda, Burundi da Tanzaniya (ban da Zanzibar ) ya zama Jamus ta Gabashin Afirka . Tashar Mpala ta Belgian, wadda Émile Storms ta kafa a cikin 1883 a yammacin gabar tafkin Tanganyika, ta kasance saniyar ware a fagen soji yanzu da tashoshin Karema da Tabora ke cikin yankin Jamus. Sarki Leopold II na Belgium ya yanke shawarar mayar da hankalinsa kan kogin Kongo, kuma ya ba Mpala da Karema ga Cardinal Lavigerie don ayyukan White Fathers.  Lavigerie ya yarda da tayin, yana tunanin Mpala zai iya zama tushe ga kasarsa ta Kirista, kuma idan ba a iya samun shugaban Afirka da ya dace ba "ba zai yiwu ba ... don jarumi da Kirista Bature ya cika wannan [alhakin]." 

## Komawa Afirka