Kailash Satyarthi

**Kailash Satyarthi** (an Haife shi 11 ga Janairu 1954) ɗan ƙasar Indiya ne mai kawo sauyi na zamantakewa wanda ya yi yaƙi da bautar yara a Indiya kuma ya ba da shawarar haƙƙin ilimi na duniya.

A cikin 2014, shi ne wanda ya sami kyautar Nobel ta zaman lafiya, tare da Malala Yousafzai, "saboda gwagwarmayar da suke yi da murkushe yara da matasa da kuma hakkin dukan yara su sami ilimi." Shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyoyi masu fafutuka da yawa, wadanda suka hada da Bachpan Bachao Andolan, Maris na Duniya akan Ayyukan Yara, Yakin Duniya don Ilimi, Gidauniyar Yara ta Kailash Satyarthi, da Bal Ashram Trust.

Kailash Satyarthi da tawagarsa a Bachpan Bachao Andolan sun 'yantar da yara sama da 1,30,000 a Indiya daga aikin yara, bauta da fataucinsu. A cikin 1998, Satyarthi ya ɗauki cikinsa kuma ya jagoranci Tattalin Arziki na Duniya game da Ayyukan Yara, tsawon kilomita 80,000 (kimanin 49,710 mi) - tsayin daka a cikin ƙasashe 103 don gabatar da buƙatun duniya game da mafi munin aikin yara. Wannan ya zama ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa mafi girma da aka taɓa yi a madadin yaran da aka yi amfani da su. Bukatun masu zanga-zangar, wadanda suka hada da yara da matasa (musamman wadanda suka tsira daga fataucinsu domin aikin tilastawa, cin zarafi, cin zarafi, lalata gabobin jiki ba bisa ka'ida ba, rikice-rikicen makami, da sauransu) sun bayyana a cikin daftarin yarjejeniyar ILO mai lamba 182 kan mafi muni na aikin yara. A shekara mai zuwa, an amince da yarjejeniyar gaba ɗaya a taron ILO a Geneva.

Ya yi aiki a hukumar da kwamitin kungiyoyin kasa da kasa da dama da suka hada da Cibiyar wadanda aka azabtar da su (Amurka), da Asusun Hakkokin Ma'aikata na Duniya (Amurka), da Cocoa Initiative. Satyarthi yana cikin "Mafi Girman Shugabanni" na mujallar Fortune a cikin 2015 kuma an nuna shi a cikin Jerin Bayanan Bayanan Wuta na LinkedIn a cikin 2017 da 2018. Satyarthi ya jagoranci wani tattaki na kasa baki daya, Bharat Yatra, a Indiya wanda ya shafe kilomita 19,000 (12,000 mi) a cikin kwanaki 35, don neman doka kan fyaden yara da karuwanci.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Satyarthi a matsayin Kailash Sharma a Vidisha, Madhya Bharat, ƙaramin gari a cikin (yanzu) jihar Madhya Pradesh ta Indiya. Ya bar sunansa na karshe Sharma (yana nufin shi Brahmin ne) ya dauki Satyarthi (ma'ana mai burin gaskiya) bayan aurensa, saboda tasirin kungiyar Arya Samaj mai neman sauyi. Kailash Satyarthi na cikin dangi mai matsakaicin matsayi. Shi ne auta a cikin ’yan’uwa huɗu da ’yar’uwa a cikin iyalinsa. Mahaifinsa Ramprasad Sharma babban dan sanda ne mai ritaya kuma mahaifiyarsa Chironjibai matar gida ce mara tarbiyya da kyawawan halaye. Kamar yadda a cikin Satyarthi, kyakkyawan kyakkyawan yanayi da taimako na mahaifiyarsa ya yi tasiri sosai a kansa. Ya taso ne a wata unguwa (mohalla) inda mabiya addinin Hindu da musulmi suke zaune da juna. A lokacin da yake yaro dan shekara hudu, ya koyi karatun Urdu daga maulidi a masallacin da ke makwabtaka da shi kuma ya koyi Hindi da Ingilishi a makarantarsa.

Satyarthi ya sami tasiri sosai saboda rashin samun damar makaranta ga dukan yara da abubuwan da ya fuskanta game da talauci a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa. Ya yi ƙoƙari lokacin yana ƙarami don ƙoƙarin canza waɗannan rashin daidaituwa saboda yanayin haihuwarsu.

Satyarthi ya kammala karatunsa a Vidisha. Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Gwamnati Boys a Vidisha, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na farko a injiniyan lantarki a Samrat Ashok Technological Institute a Vidisha sannan ya hade da Jami'ar Bhopal, (yanzu Jami'ar Barkatullah) da digiri na biyu a cikin injiniyan lantarki. Satyarthi ya shiga kwalejin sa a matsayin malami na wasu shekaru.

## Aiki
A cikin 1980, Satyarthi ya bar aikinsa a matsayin injiniyan lantarki sannan ya kafa Bachpan Bachao Andolan (Save Childhood Movement).[17][18] Ya dauki ciki kuma ya jagoranci Duniya Maris Against Child Labor da kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta kasa da kasa, Cibiyar Kasa da Kasa kan Ma'aikata da Ilimi (ICCLE), wadanda ke hade da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na duniya, malamai da 'yan kasuwa. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban yakin neman ilimi na duniya tun daga farkonsa a 1999 zuwa 2011. Sathyarthi yana daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa ta hudu tare da ActionAid, Oxfam da Education International.

A cikin 1998, Satyarthi ya ɗauki cikinsa kuma ya jagoranci Tattalin Arziki na Duniya akan Yara[5] da ke balaguro a cikin ƙasashe 103 da ke rufe kilomita 80,000 don buƙatar Dokar Duniya kan Mafi Muni na Ayyukan Yara. Tattakin daga karshe ya kai ga amincewa da Yarjejeniyar ILO mai lamba 182 akan mafi munin aikin yara.

## Manazarta