open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ma'adinai na zinariya a Ghana

Aikin hakar gwal a Ghana yana da dogon tarihi, tun daga karni na 10 lokacin da yankin ya kasance wani bangare na tsohuwar daular Ghana. An fara hakar zinare na kasuwanci a farkon karni na 19, inda Turawa suka kafa ma'adinai da yawa a lokacin mulkin mallaka.] Babban aikin hakar ma'adinai na farko a Ghana ya kasance a Obuasi, inda aka gano zinari a cikin 1897. A shekara ta 1900, Ghana, wacce aka fi sani da Gold Coast, ta zama babbar mai samar da zinari a cikin Daular Burtaniya

Ghana sananne ne ga albarkatun zinariya kuma ita ce mafi girma mai samar da zinariya a Afirka tun daga shekarar 2019. Manyan binciken zinariya da ayyukan hakar ma'adinai sun kasance a kusa da Yankin Ashanti da sauran yankuna kamar Tarkwa, Akyem, da Prestea, suna zama wani ɓangare na manyan belin zinariya na Birimian da Tarkwaian.

## Farkon hakar zinariya
Yankin Ashanti ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a hakar zinariya a Ghana, tun daga karni na 19. Ma'adinai na gida, wanda aka sani da galamsey, ya riga ya wuce kokarin masana'antu. An kafa Kamfanin Ashanti Goldfields Corporation a shekara ta 1897, wanda ke nuna farkon hakar zinare a Ghana.

## Samar da zinariya ta zamani
Babban hakar zinariya a Ghana ya tashi a tsakiyar karni na 20, tare da ayyukan fadada a cikin shekarun 1980 saboda hauhawar farashin zinariya. Kamfanoni irin su AngloGold Ashanti da Newmont sun yi aiki da ma'adanai masu yawa, suna ba da gudummawa ga tattalin arzikin Ghana.

A cikin 2019, Ghana ta mamaye Afirka ta Kudu a matsayin babbar mai samar da zinariya a Afirka, tana samar da tan 142.4 na zinariya, wanda ke wakiltar kashi 4.1% na samar da duniya. Sashin yana da asusun sama da kashi 90% na fitar da ma'adanai na kasar kuma ya kasance muhimmin bangare na tattalin arzikin Ghana.

## Ma'adinan zinariya ta yankin Ghana
Yankin Ashanti a tarihi ne kuma a halin yanzu yana daya daga cikin manyan wuraren samar da zinariya a Ghana. Yankin yana da wasu manyan kamfanonin hakar zinariya a kasar, gami da AngloGold Ashanti a Obuasi. Obuasi ta samar da fiye da miliyan 35 na zinariya tun lokacin da aka gano ta a ƙarshen karni na 19  Bugu da ƙari, Ahafo ta Kudu da Ahafo ta Arewa a yankin Ashanti, gida ga ma'adinin Ahafo na Newmont Ghana, shima mai ba da gudummawa ga fitar da zinariya na Ghana. 

### Yankin Yamma
Yankin Yamma, musamman gundumomin Tarkwa da Prestea, wani yanki ne mai samar da zinariya. Tarkwa, wanda aka sani da babban ma'adinai mai budewa, yana aiki na shekaru da yawa kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu samar da zinare na Ghana. Gold Fields Ghana ce ke sarrafa shi kuma ya samar da zinariya 504,000 a cikin 2019.  Prestea, wanda Golden Star Resources ke sarrafawa, wani gari ne na hakar ma'adinai wanda ya samar da zinariya mai yawa a tsawon shekaru.

### Yankin Gabas
A Yankin Gabas, ayyukan hakar zinariya suna kewaye da ma'adinin Akyem, wanda Newmont Ghana ke sarrafawa. Ma'adinin Akyem, ɗaya daga cikin ma'adinan zinariya a yankin, ya fara samar da kasuwanci a cikin 2013 kuma ya samar da fiye da 500,000 ounces na zinariya a cikin 2020..
## Manazarta
Zaben gwamna na Jihar Plateau na 2019

**Zaben gwamna na Jihar Plateau na 2019** a Najeriya ya faru ne a ranar 9 ga Maris, 2019. Gwamnan APC mai ci Simon Lalong ya sake lashe zaben a karo na biyu, inda ya kayar da PDP Jerry Useni da wasu 'yan takarar jam'iyya.

Simon Lalong ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar gwamna na APC bayan an dawo da shi a matsayin dan wasan daya tilo. Ya zaɓi Sonni Gwanle Tyoden a matsayin abokin aikinsa. Jeremiah Useni shi ne dan takarar PDP tare da Ben Shignugul a matsayin abokin takararsa. 'Yan takara 24 ne suka fafata a zaben.

## Tsarin zabe
Ana zabar Gwamnan Plateau ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

## Zaben fidda gwani

### Farko na APC
An gudanar da zaben fidda gwani na jam’iyyar APC a ranar 30 ga Satumba, 2018. Simon Lalong ya lashe zaben fidda gwani bayan an dawo da shi a matsayin dan takara tilo. He picked Sonni Gwanle Tyoden as his running mate.

### PDP na farko
An gudanar da Zaben fidda gwani na PDP a ranar 30 ga Satumba, 2018.        Jerry Useni ya lashe zaben fidda gwani da kuri'u 1,018 a kan wasu 'yan takara 12. Abokin hamayyarsa mafi kusa shi ne Johnbull Shekarau, wanda ya zo na biyu tare da kuri'u 340.    Ya zaɓi Ben Shignugul a matsayin abokin takararsa.

## Sakamako
Adadin 'yan takara 24 da suka yi rajista tare da Hukumar Zabe ta Kasa mai zaman kanta don yin takara a zaben. 

Adadin masu jefa kuri'a da aka yi rajista a jihar ya kai 2,480,455, yayin da aka amince da masu jefa kuriʼa 1,157,025. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 1,176,142, yayin da yawan kuri'un inganci ya kasance 1,159,954. Kayan kuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 16,188.

### Ta hanyar karamar hukuma
Ga sakamakon zaben da karamar hukuma ta yi wa manyan jam'iyyun biyu. Jimlar kuri'un da suka dace na 1,159,954 suna wakiltar jam'iyyun siyasa 24 da suka shiga zaben. Blue yana wakiltar LGAs wanda Simon Lalong ya lashe. Green yana wakiltar LGAs wanda Jeremiah Useni ya lashe. 

## Manazarta
Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Osun

Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Osun ita ce bangaren majalisa na gwamnatin Jihar Oson ta Najeriya. Majalisar dokoki ce mai zaman kanta tare da mambobi 26 da aka zaba daga yankuna 30 na kananan hukumomi na jihar da aka sani da mazabar jihohi. A wasu wurare an haɗa yankuna biyu na kananan hukumomi don samar da mazabar jihar guda ɗaya. Wannan ya sa yawan 'yan majalisa a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Osun 26 .  

Babban ayyukan Majalisar shine aiwatar da sabbin dokoki, gyara ko soke dokokin da ke akwai da kuma kula da zartarwa. Ana zabar mambobin majalisa na tsawon shekaru hudu tare da 'yan majalisa na tarayya (Sanata da Majalisar Wakilai). Majalisar jihar tana taruwa sau uku a mako (Tarabar, Laraba da Alhamis) a cikin taron da ke cikin babban birnin jihar, Osogbo.

Mai magana da yawun Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Osun ta 8 shine RT. Yarima Adewale Egbedun.

## Manazarta
Shadab Zeest Hashmi

**Shadab Zeest Hashmi** (an haife shi a watan Agusta 16, 1972) mawaƙin Ba'amurke ne na asalin Pakistan. An fassara waƙarta, wacce aka rubuta cikin Turanci, zuwa Mutanen Espanya da Urdu. Ta kasance editan Magee Park Poets Anthology da MahMag kuma mawallafin 3 Quars Daily. Da yawa daga cikin waqoqin Hashmi sun yi la’akari da akidar mata, tarihi da mahanga kan Musulunci.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Shadab Zeest Hashmi ya girma a Peshawar, Pakistan. Ta sauke karatu daga Kwalejin Reed a 1995 kuma ta karɓi MFA daga Kwalejin Warren Wilson. Waƙarta ta bayyana a cikin Prairie Schooner,  Poetry International, Vallum, Atlanta Review,  Nimrod, The Bitter Oleander,  Journal of Postcolonial Writings,  The Cortland Review, The Adirondack Review, New Millennium Rubutun, Universe: Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Poets, Splitken Boat, Pakistan Boat. Rubutun mata na adabi da sauransu.

Shadab Zeest Hashmi ta kasidun kan sifofin wakoki na gabas irin su ghazal da qasida an buga su a cikin Journal of Contemporary World Literature,  da mawallafinta sun bayyana a cikin Washington Post, Pakistaniaat: A Journal of Pakistan Studies, Knot magazine,  da "3 Quarks Daily" A cikin 2e010 na Shahararriyar Jarida. littafin Baker na Tarifa, wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta San Diego na 2011 don waƙa.

Baker of Tarifa littafi ne na wakoki da aka gina a kan tarihin musulmin Spain; yana ƙoƙarin sake ƙirƙira kusan ƙarni na al'adun Andalusi wanda ya canza tunanin Yammacin Turai, dabi'u, kimiyyar fasaha da fasaha, gina almara na zaman lafiya da ake kira "la convivencia". Aikin yana kallon wayewar musulmi a matsayin gada tsakanin zamani da zamani, Gabas da Yamma, tsakanin nahiyoyi uku (Afirka, Asiya, da Turai) da addinai uku (Yahudanci, Kiristanci, da Musulunci); Babi na zinari ba kawai a tarihin musulmi da na Turai ba, har ma da tarihin dan Adam[15]. Shadab Zeest Hashmi ya samu kwarin gwiwa ta wakokin kungiyar Al-Andalus.

Eleanor Wilner ya kira wakokin Hashmi da “haske.”[16] Littafin Shadab na baya-bayan nan shi ne Kohl & Chalk, wanda ke amfani da jigogi daga rayuwarta a matsayinta na ’yar asalin Amurka, yayin da take tunawa da gidanta a Pakistan..

## Ayyuka
Rubuce-rubucen da aka buga:

Qasida

Gazal

Muqalar Memoir

Muqala

Bita

Ghazal, Sufanci da Haihuwar Harshe

"Faɗawa" Ghazal: Duende da Yin Aikin Kotu na Ghazal

Wakoki:

"Sultana Morayma: Sarauniyar Ƙarshe ta al-Andalus", Mizna, Batun bazara '16, Juzu'i na 17.1 p. 57 ISSN 1535-2331

"A fadin Windowsill", San Diego Museum of Art

"Iman", San Diego Reader [17]

"Ku wuce ta Peshawar"

"Gidan Marmalade ku ne"

"Guantanamo"

## Littattafai:
Kohl & Chalk (Poetic Matrix Press: Janairu 25, 2013). 

Baker of Tarifa (Poetic Matrix Press: Satumba 1, 2010). 

## Kyauta
1991 - lambar yabo ta SAARC don wallafe-wallafe, 

2004 - Kyautar Stout, 

2007 - Kyautar Andalusia don Adabi, 

2011 - Kyautar Littafin San Diego, [14]

2014 - Kyautar Waƙar Nazim Hikmet, [1]

2014 - Kyautar Littafin San Diego

## Manazarta
Eteng Jonah Williams

**Eteng Jonah Williams** (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1969) Sanata ne Na Najeriya wanda ke wakiltar Gundumar Sanata ta Tsakiya ta Cross River kuma Tsohon Kakakin Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Cross River . 

## Ilimi da aiki
Eteng ya fito ne daga Mkpani a yankin karamar hukuma ta Yakurr a Jihar Cross River, shi memba ne na wa'adi 3 wanda ke wakiltar mazabar Jihar Yakurr II daga 2011 zuwa 2023, ya kasance shugaban Kwamitin Majalisar kan Kudi da Rarraba, Mataimakin Shugaban Kwamitin Majalisar Kan Kasuwanci da Dokoki, Kwamitin Majalisar memba kan Asusun Jama'a, Kwamitin Ma'a kan Ayyukan Lafiya, Harkokin Mata, Kiwon Lafiya da Ci gaban Jima'i duk a Majalisar 7 da 8. Daga baya ya zama Kakakin a taron na 9.

Eteng yana da digiri na biyu a cikin Gudanar da Jama'a daga Jami'ar Calabar, yana da kwarewar aiki sama da shekaru 25 a cikin Gudummawa kafin ya shiga siyasa. Ya kasance Shugaban Gudanarwa a Jones-Tech International Limited kafin ya fito da nasara a zabensa don wakiltar mazabar Jihar Yakurr II a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Cross River.

Ya kuma yi aiki tare da ofishin Kungiyar hadin kan Afirka, shugaban OAU (Sashin takardun shaida), a Shugaban kasa inda yake kula da tattarawa da rubuce-rubuce na aikin bincike mai taken "OAU Abuja 91 Commemorative handbook".

Eteng Jonah Williams ya halarci tarurruka / tarurruka a Najeriya da Amurka. Ya kasance memba na Kamfanin Kasuwanci da Masana'antu na Najeriya Amurka kuma ya kasance a cikin Kwamitin Jones-Tech International Limited da Enonye Ventures Limited . 

Eteng ya kasance memba na jam'iyyar Peoples Democratic Party tun daga 1999 kafin ya sauya sheka zuwa All Progressive Congress a watan Yunin 2021. 

A karkashin kulawarsa a matsayin Kakakin Majalisar, Majalisar ta zartar da Dokar Hukumar Kula da Majalisar Dokoki ta Jihar Cross River 2020, Dokar Gudanar da Kudin Shari'a ta 2021 da kuma Dokar Gudanarwa da Kudin Majalisar Dokoki 2021 a cikin doka.

A watan Fabrairun 2023 Eteng Jonah Williams ya lashe zaben Sanata don wakiltar Gundumar Sanata ta Tsakiya ta Cross River a Majalisar Dattijan Najeriya. Eteng, wanda ya kasance dan takarar All Progressives Congress, APC, ya samu kuri'u 57,344 don doke abokin hamayyarsa mafi kusa kuma tsohon dan majalisa na tarayya, Honorable Bassey Eko Ewa na Jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party, PDP. An rantsar da shi a matsayin Sanata a ranar 13 ga Yuni 2023. 

A cikin shekara ta farko a ofis a matsayin Sanata, Eteng ya dauki nauyin takardun kudi guda uku, gami da dokar Tsaro da Tsaro ta Nukiliya, kuma ya motsa matakai biyar masu nisa. An kuma nada shi Shugaban Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na 10 kan albarkatun man fetur (Upstream). 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Eteng Jonah Williams ya yi aure kuma yana da 'ya'ya uku.

## Duba kuma
Zaben Majalisar Dattijai na Najeriya na 2023 a Jihar Cross River

## Manazarta
Lily Ann Granderson

**Lily Ann Granderson** (c. 1816-1889) malamar ilimi ce ‘yar Amurka. An haife ta a matsayin baiwa a Virginia a shekarar 1816. Ana kuma saninta da suna Milla Granderson. Malama ce ta farko wadda ta koyar da sauran bayi yadda ake karatu, kuma ta taka rawa wajen kafa Jami’ar Jackson State University.

## Rayuwa ta farko
Kakar Lily Ann Granderson mace ce mai 'yanci daga asalin ƙasar Amirka. Bayan ta mutu, an sayar da mahaifiyar Granderson zuwa bautar tana da shekaru uku. Ba a san komai game da mahaifin Granderson ba, sai dai cewa shi fari ne daga ɗayan Iyalai na farko na Virginia (FFV). Daga baya, bayan ta haifi Granderson, mahaifiyarta ta koma Kentucky inda aka bautar Granderson da ke yin aikin gida. Granderson da dangin maigidan sun kasance kusa, har ma 'ya'yan maigidan sun koya mata yadda ake karatu da rubutu,  hanyar da bayi ke amfani da ita don samun karatu da rubutu.

Lokacin da ubangijin ta mutu, an tura Granderson zuwa Mississippi inda aka sayar da ita ga wani bawa. A kan wannan shuka, Granderson ta yi aiki a cikin filayen, wanda ya sa ta yi rashin lafiya. Ta nemi a cire ta daga filin kuma a sanya ta a wani wuri inda aikin ba zai sanya damuwa ga lafiyarta ba. Maigidan bawa ya ba ta izinin yin aiki a cikin kicin a gidansa. A cikin wannan matsayi, ana buƙatar Granderson ya yi tafiya zuwa gari daga gonar kowace rana, saboda gidan maigidan bawa ba kai tsaye a gonar ba amma a cikin gari. A wannan lokacin ne Granderson ta bude makarantar ta ga bayi.

## Gudummawa da gado
Granderson ta yi amfani da tafiye-tafiyenta zuwa gari don fara makarantar ta ga bayi. Ya saba wa doka a Mississippi don ilimantar da bayi saboda tsoron 'yan tawaye da masu gudu. Don kauce wa wannan doka, Granderson ya gudanar da azuzuwan da daddare, lokacin da yara bayi za su iya fita don halartar azuzuwan. Girman aji ya iyakance ga yara goma sha biyu a lokaci guda. Bayan yaran sun koyi yadda ake karatu da rubutu, sai suka "ƙware," suna ba da damar wasu yara goma sha biyu. Granderson ya yi aiki da wannan aji na kimanin shekaru bakwai ba tare da an gano shi ba.

Magana ta fito ne game da wannan aji na dare ga bayi, amma babu wani hukunci ga ayyukan Granderson. Kodayake akwai doka game da ilimin bayi, akwai wata matsala a cikin wannan dokar Mississippi da ta shafi shari'ar Granderson. Duk da yake ya saba wa dokar Mississippi ga fararen mutane da 'yanci bayi su ilimantar da wani bawa, dokar ba ta hana bayi ilimantar da wasu bayi ba. A sakamakon wannan, Granderson ta warke daga wannan koma baya kuma ta bude makarantar Asabar ban da makarantar dare. Ta hanyar kokarin da ta yi, daruruwan dalibai sun zama masu karatu da rubutu kuma sun sami damar amfani da karatunsu don samun 'yanci. 

Har ila yau, an amince da ita tare da tasiri sosai ga kirkirar abin da ke Jami'ar Jihar Jackson a yau (wanda aka fi sani da Natchez Seminary).  A shekara 54 da haihuwa, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin 'yan Afirka na farko da suka buɗe asusun a Bankin Freedman.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Granderson ya auri Oliver Granderson kuma yana da 'ya'ya biyu. Bayan mutuwarta a shekara ta 1889, an binne ta a Kabari na Natchez City . 

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Tony Aiello

**Tony Aiello** (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Maris, 1963) ɗan jaridar talabijin ne na WCBS-TV a Birnin New York . Ya shiga tashar a watan Oktoba, 2002 bayan ya kwashe fiye da shekaru hudu a WNBC New York. Bayan kusan shekaru goma da ke rufe yankunan arewacin daga ofishin WCBS-TV a White Plains, New York, Aiello yanzu yana zaune a Cibiyar watsa shirye-shiryen CBS a Manhattan.

Aiello ya zo New York a 1996 don yin aiki ga WBIS +, sabon tashar da Dow Jones & Company ta fara. Kafin New York, ya yi aiki a ƙungiyar sadarwa ta WITI a Milwaukee, WI da WTVF a Nashville, Tennessee, inda ya fara amfani da sunan "Tony" a cikin iska. Kafin Nashville, a ayyukan da ke Greenville, South Carolina, Charlottesville, Virginia, da Winchester, Virginia, Aiello ya yi amfani da sunansa, "Carm".

Aiello ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Indiana a shekarar 1985 tare da digiri a fannin sadarwa. A IU ya kasance ɗan'uwan Phi Kappa Psi fraternity. Ya kuma kasance memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na Cibiyar Nazarin Jami'ar Indiana.

A shekara ta 2006, Aiello ta bayyana a cikin wani labari na Snapped a kan Oxygen Network don yin sharhi game da batun wata mace da ake zargi da wuka mijinta. Ya kuma bayyana a gidan talabijin na Kotun don tattauna manyan laifuka da ya rufe.

A ranar Hare-haren Satumba 11, Aiello da matarsa sun kasance daga cikin "mutane na jirgin sama" a cikin jirgin sama 38 da aka karkatar zuwa Gander, Newfoundland da Labrador.

Aiello tana aiki a yankin Westchester County, New York. Ya kasance memba na kwamitin ArtsWestchester kuma yana cikin kwamitin Westchester Philharmonic .

Matar Aiello Elizabeth ta kasance babban mataimakin shugaban kasa a Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia kuma a halin yanzu tare da Sirius XM Holdings . Ma'auratan suna da 'ya'ya biyu kuma suna zaune a New Rochelle, New York.

## Manazarta
Janet Sheen

**Janet Elizabeth Templeton** (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga Yuli, 1944),  wacce aka fi sani da **Janet Sheen**, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka.

## Ayyuka
A shekara ta 1983, ta taka rawar Elaine na Kooning a cikin miniseries *Kennedy* .  Ta kuma fito a fim din Rated X a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya, kodayake ba a ambaci ta a cikin ƙididdigar ƙarshe ba. 

A shekara ta 1989, ta kasance mataimakiyar furodusa na fim din *Beverly Hills Brats* . A shekara ta 2010, ta kasance babban furodusa na The Way . 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
A shekara ta 2000, yayin da baƙo a wasan kwaikwayon Rosie O'Donnell, Martin Sheen ya gaya wa wani baƙo, Maria Bellamy daga Gabashin Kentucky, cewa matarsa Janet ta fito ne daga gundumar makwabta (Magoffin County, KY). A matsayinta na daliba a kwaleji a The New School for Social Research a Birnin New York, ta sadu da mijinta na gaba, Martin Sheen . Sun yi aure a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1961, [1] kuma suna da 'ya'ya maza uku da mace daya): Emilio Estevez, Renee Estevez, Ramon Estevez, da Charlie Sheen .[2] Dukansu hudu 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ne.[3]

## Manazarta
Alphabet Zoo

***Alphabet Zoo*** jerin shirye-shirye ne na minti goma ga yara ƙanana, wanda Granada Television ta samar kuma an watsa shi a kan ITV don jerin biyu a 1983 da 1984. Mawallafin Ralph McTell da kuma 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Nerys Hughes ne suka gabatar da shi. Kowane labari an sadaukar da shi ga harafin haruffa.

## Tarihi
An raba shi cikin abubuwa 16, *Alphabet Zoo* ya watsa labarin farko a ranar 10 ga Janairun 1983.  Ralph McTell ya rubuta waƙoƙi 26, ɗaya ga kowane harafi na haruffa. Stephen Leahy ne ya samar da jerin, wanda Frank Hayes ya jagoranta, kuma Valerie Pye ne ya kwatanta shi. Mutane bakwai ne suka rubuta *Alphabet Zoo*, daga cikinsu biyu ne kawai - Diane Wilmer da Linda Thornber - suka sami gogewa a talabijin. Sauran marubutan biyar sune Anne Yates, Jeffrey Flynn, Nicholas Symons, Amanda Webb, da Chris Galer. Paul Danson ya tsara jerin, wanda aka yi a cikin ɗakin Granada Television, kuma wanda The Stage da Television Today suka ce "babban tsari ne fiye da yadda aka saba da shirye-shiryen yara".   Saitin, wanda Belkis Bhegani na Broadcast ya kira "mai tsada" kuma mai tsada", ya nuna Duster the Dog, kare dutse na Bernese, da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da tafkuna.

Jerin na biyu ya fito na makonni 27.  Lorne Magory ne ya ba da umarnin (wanda kuma ya yi aiki a kan wasu shahararrun shirye-shiryen Burtaniya kamar Press Gang, Life Force da *Emmerdale*) 

An buga littafi mai wuya na jerin da ke nuna wasan da ya ƙunshi waƙoƙi huɗu a watan Maris na shekara ta 1983.  Wani littafi, The Complete Alphabet Zoo, an buga shi a 1994 kuma ya ƙunshi waƙoƙin da McTell ya rubuta don jerin ciki har da "Fergus the Frog", "Ollie the Otter", da "Yuri the Yak". Lahri Bond na *Baltimore* ya ce "akwai wasu sauye-sauye masu ban sha'awa na magana kuma na tabbatar da cewa kai ne wanda zai nemi yaranku su sake sauraron wannan rikodin da ke cike da nishaɗi, da zaran an yi shi".

Kusan shekaru goma bayan *Alphabet Zoo* ya zo ƙarshe, ITV Carlton ta farfado da tsarin a kan irin wannan jerin Alphabet Castle wanda ya gudana daga Satumba 1993 zuwa Disamba 1995.

An kuma watsa jerin a talabijin a kasashe da yawa a duk duniya kamar TVNZ 1 da TVNZ 2 a New Zealand, RTB a Brunei, GBC a Gibraltar, TV1 da TV2 a Malaysia da kuma BFBS da SSVC Television a Jamus.

## Karɓar baƙi
Stephanie Lucas ta soki jerin a cikin The Times Educational Supplement, tana rubutu, "*Alphabet Zoo* kyakkyawan ra'ayi ne: ɗaukar kowane harafi na haruffa kuma yin jerin shirye-shirye game da dabbobi waɗanda sunayensu suka fara da haruffa daban-daban. A aikace, duk da haka, ya zama kyakkyawan abu, yadda ya kamata kuma an yi shi da tunani, amma ba shi da wahayi.

## Manazarta
Wani Shafi (jerin talabijin)

***Wani shafi*** shine jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na ilimi na manya na 1988 wanda ya kunshi shirye-shirye 16 wanda ɗan kasuwa da mai ba da shawara game da karatu da rubutu Wally Amos ya shirya. Cibiyar sadarwa ta Kentucky Educational Television (KET) ce ta samar da shi, shirin ne na biyo baya ga jerin shirye-shiryen karatu da rubutu na manya, Koyi don Karanta, wanda aka fara watsawa a 1987, kuma Amos ne ya shirya shi. An watsa wasan kwaikwayon a cikin ƙasa ta hanyar PBS, kuma ya ci gaba da watsawa a sakewa har zuwa farkon- zuwa tsakiyar 2000s.

## Tsarin
Baya ga taimakawa manya wajen karatu don gwaje-gwajen GED,  an tsara jerin ne don koyar da ƙwarewar karatu ta tsakiya ga manya waɗanda ke karatu a matakin na biyar zuwa na takwas.  Kowane labari yana nuna labarin ci gaba mai kama da wasan kwaikwayo wanda haruffa ke amfani da kayan karatu don taimakawa wajen magance yanayin da za a iya kuma yawanci za a sa ran shi a rayuwa ta ainihi. A cikin wani sashi na tsakiya da aka sani da "The Inside Story," shawarwari da shawarwari game da yadda za a fahimci karatu, gami da bin babban ra'ayin jumla da / ko sakin layi, ana bayar da su a kowane fitowar ta mai masaukin baki da wasu ƙarin malamai.  

## Masu ba da labari

### Sashe na koyarwa / "Labarin Cikin Gida"

* Wally Amos - Mai masaukin baki  
* Dokta Felix Goode 
* Connie Clampett 
* Joe Holcomb 
* Leo Anders - "Leo Gets Letters" 

### Sashe na labarin

* Robert Townsend  a matsayin Darrell
* Roxanne Reese a matsayin Gloria 
* Ellis Williams a matsayin Martin 
* Joe Seneca a matsayin Yahaya
* Tania Myren  a matsayin Rhonda 
* Sara Woods a matsayin Candy 
* Mike Houlihan a matsayin Bobby 

## Manazarta
Gidan sarauta na Alphabet

**Alphabet Castle** wani shirin talabijin ne na yara wanda aka samar a Burtaniya kuma Michael Cole ne ya kirkireshi. Ya fara ne a watan Satumbar 1993 tare da jerin abubuwan 27 da aka watsa a kan CITV, kuma ya gudana har zuwa Disamba 1995. Yana da manyan haruffa guda uku: Sarki Alpha, Sarauniya Bet, da Gobbledygook, turkey mai rai. Ya fito da Stephen Cannon da Joanne Campbell . Paul Reade ne ya yi kiɗa.

Michael Cole productions ne ya samar da jerin shirye-shirye uku da 65 don Carlton Television. Kamar sunan da ke kusa da shi, *Alphabet Zoo*, shekaru goma da suka gabata, kowane fitowar an sadaukar da shi ga wasika na haruffa (ko da yake an bar wannan tsari don jerin na ƙarshe); abubuwan da suka faru gabaɗaya suna kusa da minti 10 a tsawon, kuma an watsa su a cikin CITV a ranar Laraba da yamma.

## Jagoran watsawa
Jerin 1: bugu 30 daga 10 Satumba 1993 zuwa 28 Maris 1994

Jerin 2: bugu 20 daga 7 ga Satumba 1994 zuwa 1 ga Fabrairu 1995

Jerin 3: 15 daga 6 ga Satumba zuwa 13 ga Disamba 1995

### Jerin 1

## Manazarta
Yarinyar Badger

**Badger Girl** wani bangare ne na ilimi na BBC Look and Read, wanda aka fara watsawa a BBC2 a shekarar 1984.

## Masu ba da labari

* Gary Watson a matsayin mai ba da labari
* Margo Gunn a matsayin Jane Miles
* Ashiek Madhvani a matsayin Kiran Singh
* Julia Millbank a matsayin Debbie West
* Kieron O'Shea a matsayin Norman Bolt
* Nick Orchard a matsayin Mick Rudge
* John Hollis a matsayin Mista Barker
* James Marston a matsayin Mr. Deal
* William Squire a matsayin Sam North
* Yuni Marlow a matsayin Mrs. Rudge
* Charles Collingwood da Katie Hebb a matsayin Wordy
* Mary Edwards a matsayin Puppeteer

## Ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa

* Marubutan - Andrew Davies da Mary Hoffman
* Darakta - Andrew Davies
* Masu gabatarwa - Susan Paton da Roger Fry

## Makirci
Yara uku suna hutu a gona a Dartmoor. Sun gano 'yan fashi biyu wadanda ke tsere da doki, kuma sun ƙaddara su dakatar da su. Waƙoƙin ilimi sun nuna halin Stripey the 'superbadger'. 

## Abubuwan da suka faru

# Sauti a cikin dare
# Stripey the Badger
# Gudun Hijira
# Mutumin Badgerman
# Ya ɓace a cikin Moor
# Hanyar Asirin
# Taswirar Mick
# Neman Ponies
# Tsoro a Tafkin
# Stripey mai girma

## Ƙarin karantawa

* Badger Girl a Broadcast for Schools - wanda ke dauke da bayanan, taƙaitaccen bayani da cikakken bayani

## Manazarta
DynaMo

***DynaMo*** shiri ne na ilimi na yara na Biritaniya wanda aka kirkira a cikin 1998.  BBC ce ta watsa shi a yankin Koyon BBC . Babban karen zane mai suna DynaMo ne ya dauki nauyin shirin tare da abokinsa SlowMo don koyar da yara masu shekaru 5-9 game da Ingilishi, lissafi, kimiyya da tarihi.  An watsa shirin a gidan talabijin na BBC daga 3 ga Oktoba 1998 zuwa 24 ga Satumba 2001. 

## Shirin
Manufar ta fito ne daga binciken BBC na iyaye 2,800, malamai da yara. Binciken ya nuna cewa iyaye ba sa son taimakawa yara da aikin gida saboda ba sa son tilasta musu ko haɗarin damun malamai. An halicci DynaMo a sakamakon haka. Shirin da aka tsara don mako takwas yana gudana a Yankin Koyon BBC. BBC ce ta kirkireshi don zama hanyar da yara za su ji daɗin koyo ta hanyar haɗa haruffa masu zane-zane da amfani da shirye-shiryen bidiyo na ilimi daga wasu shirye-shirye na Ilimi na BBC. An tsara shirin ne don bin Tsarin Nazarin Kasa na Burtaniya. Wanda aka shirya shi ta hanyar kare mai suna DynaMo da abokinsa SloMo, biyun suna binciken wani batu na ilimi a kowane fitowar. An tsara shi ne don yara su iya kallon shi kadai ko tare da iyayensu.

Shirin yayin da wani ɓangare na Yankin Ilimi zai kasance tsawon sa'o'i biyu. An kuma watsa sassan shirin a shirin BBC Knowledge "K Club". A lokacin hunturu da rani na shekara ta 2001, za a watsa sassan DynaMo a BBC Two a lokacin Makarantun BBC.

## Abubuwan da ke cikin yanar gizo
An kuma yi amfani da DynaMo a matsayin fuskar shafin yanar gizon taimakon iyaye na BBC. An kirkiro wannan ne don iyaye don taimakawa yara da aikin gida. Har ila yau akwai wani sashi da ake kira "DynaMo's Den" wanda ya haɗa da wasannin ilimi ga yara. An kunna shafin yanar gizon a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1998. 

## Manazarta
Hasken girgije

**Cloud Burst** labari ne mai kashi goma a cikin jerin Shirin-shiryen Talabijin na BBC don makarantun firamare, da nufin inganta ƙwarewar yara. An fara watsa shirye-shiryen farko na Cloud Burst a ranar 24 ga Satumba 1974; an fara watsa shirye'shiryen karshe (na goma) a ranar 3 ga Disamba 1974.

## Makirci
Yayinda suke wasa tare da jirgin sama mai sarrafa rediyo, Jenny Barber da ɗan'uwanta, Tim, sun sadu da masanin kimiyya, Ram Pandit, wanda ke aiki a kan wani abu mai ban mamaki. Lokacin da Ram ya sace a bayyane daga mutumin da ke kan motar mota wanda ke aiki ga abokan hamayyarsa da ke ƙoƙarin samun bayanai game da aikinsa, ya rage ga yara su same su kuma su dakatar da kirkirarsa daga fadawa hannun da ba daidai ba.

## Masu ba da labari

* Richard Carpenter a matsayin mai gabatarwa
* Jane Carr a matsayin mawaƙa
* Tina Heath a matsayin Jenny Barber
* Anne Ridler a matsayin Mrs Green
* Charles Collingwood a matsayin Wordy
* Gerald Down -
* Derek Griffiths a matsayin mawaƙi
* Nigel Rathbone a matsayin Tim Barber
* Kenneth Watson a matsayin Mr Barber
* Miles Anderson a matsayin Dick Turner
* Renu Setna a matsayin Ram Pandit
* Michael Sheard a matsayin Na Biyu
* Bill Gavin a matsayin Sir Robert Blain

## Abubuwan da suka faru

# "Ba a iya sarrafawa"
# "Ram Pandit"
# "RAV 1"
# "Gas Gun"
# "A cikin Hut"
# "Asirin"
# "Zuwa ga Ma'adinai"
# "Signal"
# "Guduwa"
# "Ka kashe Rockets"

## Manazarta
Cecily Adams

**Cecily Afrilu Adams** (6 ga Fabrairu, 1958 - 3 ga Maris, 2004) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Adams a Jamaica, Queens, Birnin New York, 'yar ɗan wasan kwaikwayo mai ban dariya Don Adams da mawaƙa Adelaide Efantis . 'Yan uwanta sun hada da ɗan'uwanta Sean, da' yan uwanta Carolyn Steele, Christine Adams, Cathy Metchik, mai kula da talabijin na Paramount Stacey Adams da Beige Adams . Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Beverly Hills, inda ta shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo, aikin da ta ci gaba a Jami'ar California a Irvine . [1]

## Ayyuka
Adams ya yi karatun wasan kwaikwayo na improvisational a Groundlings kuma ya kasance memba na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Acme Comedy a Los Angeles. Ta kuma kasance mai horar da wasan kwaikwayo.

Adams ta nuna halin Ishka (wanda aka fi sani da "Moogie"), mahaifiyar 'yan uwan Ferengi Rom da Quark, a cikin hudu daga cikin bayyanarta biyar a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, wanda ya maye gurbin Andrea Martin . Adams, a zahiri, ya girme Armin Shimerman da shekaru tara, wanda ya buga Quark, duk da buga mahaifiyarsa.

Ta bayyana a matsayin baƙi a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin daban-daban, gami da Just Shoot Me! , *Murphy Brown*, da Party of Five, kuma tare da mahaifinta a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Check It Out! da fim din talabijin Get Smart Again . Adams ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a fim din mai zaman kansa na 1991 Little Secrets .

Adams kuma marubuciya ce, kuma tare da abokin aikinta, David Burke ya rubuta waƙoƙin pop da jingles na kasuwanci da waƙoƙun jigon talabijin.

Adams ya yi aiki a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin irin su 3rd Rock From the Sun da Eerie, Indiana, da kuma siffofi ciki har da American Heart (1992) da Home Room (2002). Har zuwa mutuwarta, ta yi aiki a matsayin darektan jefawa na That '70s Show . 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Adams ta auri ɗan wasan kwaikwayo / marubuci Jim Beaver a shekara ta 1989; an haifi 'yarsu  a shekara ta 2001. Adams, ko da yake ba mai shan sigari ba ne, ya mutu daga Ciwon daji na huhu a ranar 3 ga Maris, 2004, yana da shekaru 46, a Los Angeles, California. Littafin mijinta, Life's That Way, ya ba da cikakken bayani game da 'yan watanni da suka gabata. An ƙone ta kuma an watsar da toka a Fern Canyon a Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park, California, da kuma Franklin Canyon Park a Beverly Hills, California.

## Hotunan fina-finai

### Kasuwanci

### Yin wasan kwaikwayo

## Manazarta
Kamfanin Lantarki (jerin talabijin na 2009)

***Kamfanin Lantarki*** jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin ne na yara na ilimi na Amurka wanda Sesame Workshop ya samar kuma Karen Fowler ta haɓaka. Yana da sake farawa na jerin 1971 na wannan sunan. Jerin ya gudana a kan PBS Kids Go! daga Janairu 19, 2009, zuwa Afrilu 4, 2011 tare da sakewa a kan PBS har zuwa Agusta 31, 2014. Jerin ya sake fitowa a HBO Kids a kan HBO Family daga Janairu 1, 2016, har zuwa Nuwamba 1, 2020, a matsayin wani ɓangare na yarjejeniyar HBO tare da Sesame Workshop . A wasu ayyuka, ana kiran jerin The New Electric Company don rarrabe shi daga jerin 1971-77. 

## Farko
Sabuwar sigar tana da irin wannan gajeren raye-raye, parodies, zane-zane, da bidiyon kiɗa ga waɗanda aka gani a cikin wasan kwaikwayon na asali, amma kowane fitowar kuma yana da layin labarin da aka tsara don koyar da kalmomi huɗu zuwa biyar tare da cakuda hip-hop ko kiɗa na R & R&amp;amp;B na zamani.

Kowane labarin yana kewaye da Kamfanin Lantarki, ƙungiyar 'yan wasa da matasa masu karatu da rubutu waɗanda ke yaƙi da ƙungiyar masu lalata unguwa da ake kira Pranksters. Hedikwatar jarumai ita ce Electric Diner, inda abokinsu Shock, mai dafa abinci na ɗan gajeren lokaci wanda ya bayyana a cikin gajeren sassan, ya zauna.

A cikin nod ga jerin na asali, kowane fitowar yana da memba na Kamfanin ya kira wasu su taru ta hanyar ihu "Hey, ku maza!!" - layin da (kamar yadda Rita Moreno ta ihu) ya haifar da jerin buɗewa na yanayi na biyu, biyar, da shida.   A cikin wani labari, wani ɗan wasan kwaikwayo wanda ke taka leda a ɗaya daga cikin Pranksters ya yi ihu a kan layin buɗewa, kamar yadda halinta na yau da kullun ya sauya jikinsa tare da ɗaya daga cikin membobin Kamfanin Lantarki. Sauran nods zuwa jerin asali sun haɗa da bayyanar Paul the Gorilla da sabuntawa versions na sassan silhouette masu laushi wanda aka yi amfani da kalmomi.

Farfadowar ta haɗa da abubuwan yanar gizo masu ma'amala kuma ana inganta su kuma ana fadada su ta hanyar ayyukan fadada al'umma. Lokacin farko ya kunshi abubuwan da suka faru a mako-mako 28. Lokaci na biyu wanda ya kunshi abubuwa goma sha biyu ya fara watsawa a ranar 18 ga Janairu, 2010. An fara kakar wasa ta uku a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu, 2011, kuma ta ƙare a ranar 4 ga Afrilu, 2011, tare da sabon memba na Kamfanin Marcus da sabon Prankster Gilda. Daga baya shirye-shiryen abubuwan da suka faru sun watsar da Jessica tana faɗin kalmomi biyar kuma sun tafi kai tsaye zuwa labarin.

## Halin da ake kira

### Hannun hannu

### Kamfanin Lantarki
**Kamfanin Lantarki** ya ƙunshi ƙungiyar abokai biyar waɗanda ke kare unguwar daga Pranksters. Dukansu suna da ikon jefa ƙwallon kalmomi, ƙwallon sihiri mai launin shudi wanda ke haifar da kalmomi a kowane wuri. Kowane memba yana da ƙwarewa ta musamman.
Geordie Racer

***Geordie Racer*** wani shiri ne na ilimi na BBC Look and Read, wanda aka fara watsawa a BBC2 daga 12 ga Janairu zuwa 22 ga Maris 1988.

An kafa labarin ne a Newcastle-upon-Tyne da kewayen yankin, kuma ya nuna masu tseren kurciya da masu tsere da ke fafatawa a cikin Babban Arewacin Arewa. Babban halayyar ita ce Richard "Spuggy" Hilton (Spuggy kasancewa laƙabi - kalmar Geordie don parasound), wanda ba masu gudu ba ne kamar sauran danginsa, amma Mai sha'awar kurciya ne kuma Yanayi da 'Blue Flash' - ɗaya daga cikin tsuntsaye mafi kyau a Newcastle. Shi da abokinsa Janie suna lura da wasu ayyukan da ake zargi, kuma suna danganta tarin fashi na fasaha na gida tare da sakonnin da suka samu a wasu kurciya, amma suna samun cewa suna da matsaloli da yawa lokacin da suka je yin leken asiri ga 'yan fashi.

An yaba wa *Geordie Racer* saboda yunkurin kawo kyakkyawar fa'ida ga shirye-shiryen ilimi da aka nuna a makarantun firamare. Har ila yau, jerin sun nuna ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Geordie Kevin Whately a matsayin mahaifin Spuggy. Whately, wanda ya ci gaba da fitowa a cikin *[[Inspector Morse (TV series)|Sufeto Morse]]*, a cikin yanke shawara wanda ya kasance kawai ya dace, matarsa ta ainihi, Madelaine Newton, wacce ta taka rawar matarsa a allon ta haɗu da shi.

## Masu ba da labari

* Leon Armstrong a matsayin Spuggy Hilton 
* Lien Lu a matsayin Janie Chung
* Lesley Casey a matsayin Cath Hilton
* Brian Hogg a matsayin Victor
* Madelaine Newton a matsayin Bev Hilton 
* Fred Pearson a matsayin Baz Bailey
* Peter Rowell a matsayin Mickey Stone
* Kevin Whately a matsayin Ray Hilton 
* Bungo a matsayin Plod
* Charles Collingwood a matsayin Wordy
* Katie Hebb a matsayin mai yin wasan kwaikwayo na Wordy
* Rachel Mackay a matsayin Bug-Bopper
* Mary Edwards a matsayin mai yin wasan kwaikwayo na Bug-Bopper

## Abubuwan da suka faru

# Masu gudu da Fliers
# A cikin ɗakunan ajiya
# Gidan kurciya
# Wannan Rediyon Newcastle ne
# Ranar Tseren
# Hasken St Maryamu
# Tsuntsu da ya ɓace
# Shin kun tafi da sauri, Mutum?
# Idan kawai Mun sani Lokacin da...
# Ku gudu!

## Waƙar taken
Derek Griffiths ne ya rera taken. Kalmomin sune:
 

## Manazarta
Farin Ciki Bayan haka: Labaran Labarai ga Kowane Yaro

**Happy Ever After:** Fairy Tales for Every Child jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin ne na Amurka wanda aka fara a ranar 12 ga Maris, 1995, a HBO . Robert Guillaume ne ya ba da labarin, jerin sun fito ne daga abubuwa 39 daga 1995 zuwa 2000.

## Makirci
Kowane labari ya ba da cikakken bayani game da labarin gargajiya a cikin al'adu daban-daban tare da haruffa masu yawa, wanda ya ƙunshi haruffa da sanannun 'yan wasan kwaikwayo,' yan wasan kwaikwayo, masu wasan kwaikwayo, mawaƙa, masu rawa, samfuran, masu gwagwarmayar siyasa, 'yan wasa, masu wasan motsa jiki, da sauran sanannun mutane suka bayyana.

## Abubuwan da suka faru

### Lokaci na 1 (1995)
 

## Kafofin watsa labarai na gida
Yawancin abubuwan da suka faru na Happily Ever After: Fairy Tales for Every Child an sake su a kan VHS ta Random House Home Video, kuma, daga baya HBO Home Video, amma an sake sakin 'yan abubuwan da suka gabata a kan DVD. Akwai DVD guda ɗaya tare da aukuwa huɗu ("Pinocchio", "The Pied Piper", "The Golden Goose", da "Mother Goose: A Rapping and Rhyming Special") da DVD guda ɗaya da fitowar guda ɗaya ("Robinita Hood"). A cikin Ƙasar Ingila, an saki jerin a kan DVD ta hanyar Prism Leisure, akwai DVD guda huɗu tare da aukuwa uku a kowannensu.

Dukkanin abubuwan da suka faru sai dai *Sabbin Tufafin Sarkin sarakuna* (saboda jima'i / tsirara) suna gudana akan HBO Max a Amurka.

## Manazarta
Felix Owusu-Adjapong

**Felix Kwasi Owusu-Adjapong** (13 ga Fabrairu 1944 - 4 ga Oktoba 2023) ɗan siyasan Ghana ne wanda ya kasance memba na Majalisar dokokin Ghana a matsayin wakilin Sabon Jam'iyyar Patriotic (NPP) na Akyem Swedru na yankin gabashin Ghana .  Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Makamashi.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
Felix Owusu-Adjapong ya yi karatun Tattalin Arziki a Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah a Kumasi . Ya kuma yi karatun Gidaje, Shirye-shirye da Gine-gine a Cibiyar Bouwcentrum da ke Rotterdam, Urban Land Bincike a Jami'ar Reading a Ingila, da kuma doka a Makarantar Shari'a ta Ghana.

## Ayyukan siyasa
Owusu-Adjapong ya kasance memba na majalisa ta biyu, ta uku da ta huɗu na jamhuriyar Ghana ta huɗu .  An fara zabarsa a matsayin memba na majalisar dokoki na Akyem Swedru a Babban zaben Ghana na 1996 tare da jimlar 15,824 wanda ya sami kashi 45.30% na jimlar kuri'un da aka jefa a wannan shekarar. An sake zabarsa a cikin babban Zaben Ghana na 2000 tare da rinjaye na 14,614 wanda ya sami kashi 56.80% na kuri'un da aka jefa.   A watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2001 an nada shi Ministan Sufuri da Sadarwa,  kuma a watan Afrilun shekara ta 2003 Ministan Harkokin Majalisar Dokoki. 

A babban zaben kasar Ghana na shekara ta 2004, an sake zabe shi a matsayin dan majalisa da kuri'u 21,048 da ya samu kashi 66.94% na yawan kuri'un da aka kada a wannan shekarar.    A shekara ta 2007 ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa na minista don yin takarar neman tsayawa takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPP bai yi nasara ba.  Bai tsaya takarar dan majalisarsa ba a babban zaben Ghana na 2008, kuma Joseph Ampomah Bosompem ya lashe ta a NPP da rinjaye 8,469.  A watan Yuni 2008 an nada shi Ministan Makamashi,  yana rike da mukamin har zuwa karshen gwamnatin Kufuor a cikin Janairu 2009.

## Mutuwa
Felix Owusu-Adjapong ya mutu a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 2023, yana da shekaru 79. 

## Dubi kuma

* Sabuwar Jam'iyyar Patriot
* Gwamnatin Kufuor

## Manazarta
Edward Salia

**Edward Kojo Salia** (20 Yuni 1952 - 16 Fabrairu 2009) ya kasance memba na majalisar dokokin Ghana . Ya kuma kasance memba na Majalisar Dattijai ta Kasa kuma ya kasance Ministan Jiha a Gwamnatin Rawlings .

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Salia a ranar 20 ga Yuni 1952.  An haife shi a Amasaman a yankin Greater Accra na Ghana . Iyayensa sune Bajeluru Dorcie Salia, manomi da Habiba Yiringsaa, uwar gida. Ya halarci Jami'ar Ghana a Legon .

Ya kuma halarci Cibiyar Nazarin Jama'a a The Hague a Netherlands. Ya kuma yi karatu a Jami'ar Carleton da ke Ontario, Kanada da Jami'ar Ottawa . Tsakanin 2005 da 2007, ya yi karatu a Cibiyar Gudanarwa da Gudanar da Jama'a ta Ghana a Achimota a Accra . 

## Siyasa
An nada Salia a matsayin Ministan Sufuri da Sadarwa a Gwamnatin Rawlings a 1993. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Ma'adinai da Makamashi sannan daga baya a matsayin Minista da Sufuri a gwamnatin Jerry Rawlings.

An fara zabarsa a matsayin memba na majalisa na Jirapa a Zaben 2000 kuma ya riƙe kujerarsa a zabuka biyu da suka biyo baya a 2004 da 2008. 

### Zaben 2000
An zabi Salia a matsayin memba na majalisa na mazabar Jirapa a yankin Upper West na Ghana a cikin babban zaben Ghana na 2000. Don haka ya wakilci mazabar a majalisa ta 4 ta jamhuriyar Ghana ta 4. 

An zabe shi da kuri'u 16,446 daga cikin jimlar kuri'un da aka jefa. Wannan daidai yake da 87.9% na jimlar kuri'un da aka jefa. An zabe shi a kan Salifatu Badiu na Jam'iyyar National Reform da Timothy Taafaale Dombo na Jam'idar New Patriotic .  Wadannan biyu sun sami kuri'u 1,380 da 891 bi da bi daga cikin jimlar kuri'un da aka jefa.

Wadannan sun kasance daidai da 7.4% da 4.8% bi da bi na jimlar kuri'un da aka jefa. An zabi Salia a kan tikitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Democrat. Jam'iyyar National Democratic Congress ta lashe kujeru 7 a yankin Upper West a wannan zaben. A cikin duka, jam'iyyar ta lashe jimlar 'yan tsiraru 89 daga cikin kujeru 200 a majalisa ta 3 ta jamhuriyar Ghana ta 4.

### Zaben 2004
An zabi Salia a matsayin memba na majalisa na mazabar Jirapa a yankin Upper West na Ghana a babban zaben Ghana na shekara ta 2004.  Ya wakilci mazabar a majalisa ta 4 ta jamhuriyar Ghana ta 4.

An zabe shi da kuri'u 15,580 daga cikin kuri'u 20,697 da aka jefa. Wannan ya yi daidai da kashi 75.3% na jimlar kuri'un da aka jefa. An zabe shi a kan James Amare na Yarjejeniyar Jama'a ta Kasa, Winifred A. DY-Yakah na New Patriotic Party da Nuah Bibiana, dan takara mai zaman kansa. Sun samu kuri'u 483, kuri'u 4280 da kuri'u 354 bi da bi daga cikin jimlar kuri'un da aka jefa.

Wadannan sun kasance daidai da 2.3%, 20.7% da 1.7% bi da bi na jimlar kuri'un da aka jefa. An zabi Salia a kan tikitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Demokradiyya. Majalisar Dattijai ta Kasa ta lashe kujeru 7 a yankin Upper West a wannan zaben.

A cikin duka, jam'iyyar ta lashe jimlar 'yan tsiraru 94 daga cikin kujeru 230 a majalisar dokoki ta 4 ta jamhuriyar Ghana ta 4. 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Salia Kirista ce.

## Manazarta
Daula

**Daular** mulki, yanki ne wanda sarki ko sarauniya ke sarrafawa kuma ana raba shi tsakanin cibiyar da ke da iko da ƙananan yankuna. A cikin daula, al'ummomi daban-daban na iya samun dama daban-daban, kuma ana iya sarrafa su ko mulkarsu ta hanya daban. Kalmar "empire (daula)" ta samo asali ne daga ra'ayin Roman na  .  A takaice, daular ƙasa ce mai cin gashin kanta wacce shugaba  ke amfani da taken "sarki sarakuna" ko "sarkin sarauta"; amma ba duk jihohin da ke da iyaka a ƙarƙashin mulkin manyan hukumomi ba ne ake kira "masarauta" ko kuma sarki ne ke mulki; kuma ba duk daular da suka bayyana kansu da aka karɓa a matsayin haka ta zamani da masana tarihi (Daular Afirka ta Tsakiya ta 1976 zuwa 1979, kuma wasu masarautun Anglo-Saxon a farkon Ingila a matsayin misalai).

Akwai "tsofaffi da na zamani, masu dogaro da marasa dogaro, masu tsattsauran ra'ayi da kuma masu kyau". muhimmin bambanci ya kasance tsakanin daular ƙasa da suka ƙunshi yankuna masu iyaka, kamar Daular Romawa, Daular Achaemenid, Daular Mongol, ko Daular Rasha; da waɗanda - Masu ƙarfin teku - waɗanda suka haɗa da yankunan da ke nesa da ƙasar 'gida' na daular, kamar Daula ta Dutch, Daular Japan, Daular Chola ko Daular Burtaniya. 

Kalmar "daula" na iya nufin babban kamfani na kasuwanci (misali kamfani na kasa da kasa), ko kuma ma ƙungiyar siyasa da mutum ɗaya ke jagoranta (shugaban siyasa) ko rukuni (shugabannin Siyasa) ke sarrafawa.  Sau da yawa ana amfani da kalmar"Daula" a matsayin kalma don bayyana yanayin da ke haddasa karfin da ya wuce Misali
Masarautar Ƙaraye

**Masarautar Karaye** dai ƙaramar hukuma ce mai daraja ta biyu a jihar Kano mai hedikwata a garin Karaye . 

## Tarihi
Garin Karaye hedikwatar masarautar Karaye ce kuma tana yammacin birnin Kano. Tun kafin zuwan Bagauda a shekarar 999, Magunguna sun sauka a Karaye. An kafa garin Karaye ne a shekarar 1085. Daga 1101 zuwa 1793, sarakunan Habe suka yi sarautar Karaye. A zamanin sarakunan Habe, masarautar Karaye ta kara fadada zuwa yankin Yamma da Arewacin Jihar Kano da ke yanzu. 

### Dangantaka da Kano
A lokacin da Majalisar Bagauda ke mulki a Kano sun nemi hadin kan makwabciyarsu Masarautar Karaye domin hada ƙarfi da ƙarfe domin kare kansu daga wasu masarautu irinsu Zazzau da Katsina da Sokoto . Karaye ya amince ya bada hadin kai da gidan Bagauda inda Karaye ya koma masarautar Kano . Daga lokacin da Karaye yake karkashin masarautar Kano har zuwan Sarakunan Fulani bayan Jihadin Usman Dan Fodio . 

### Kafa a matsayin masarauta mai daraja ta farko
Masarautar Karaye ta ci gaba da kasancewa a karkashin masarautar Kano har zuwa shekarar 2020 a lokacin da gwamnatin jihar Kano ta fitar da sabbin masarautu guda biyar tare da sauya tsarin masarautar Kano. A lokacin ne gwamnatin Kano ta dawo da sabuwar Masarautar Karaye.     Masarautar Karaye ta ƙunshi kananan hukumomi takwas na jihar Kano, Karaye, Rogo, Gwarzo, Kabo, Rimin Gado, Madobi, Kiru da Shanono . 

### Rushewa da sake kafawa
A ranar 23 ga Mayun shekarar 2024, Gwamnan Jihar Kano Abba Kabir Yusuf ya soke Masarautar Karaye da wasu masarautu hudu da tsohon Gwamna Abdullahi Umar Ganduje ya kafa a shekarar 2019. Wannan ya mayar da jihar Kano tsarin masarautu daya. An naɗa Sanusi Lamido Sanusi II a matsayin Sarkin Kano, wanda ya jagoranci masarautar Kano da aka sake haɗewa . Wannan yunkuri na da nufin ƙarfafa daidaiton tarihi da gudanarwa na tsarin gargajiya na Kano.   

A watan Yulin shekarar 2024, an sake kafa Masarautar Karaye a matsayin masarauta mai daraja ta biyu a ƙarƙashin masarautar Kano . Karaye ya kunshi kananan hukumomin Karaye da Rogo .

## Sarakuna

* Alhaji Dr. Ibrahim Abubakar II (Mayu 2020 - Mayu 2024) 
* Muhammad Mahraz (Yuli 2024 - yanzu) 

## Manazarta
Farawa Tarihi

**Farawa Storytime** tashar talabijin ce ta kebul da aka kafa a 1983 a Kanada ta hanyar Art Doerksen da Greg Stetski kuma an rarraba ta ga tsarin talabijin na kebul da yawa a duk faɗin Amurka. An kira mascot dinsa Robbie Rainbow .

Tashar sa'o'i 24 ce wacce ke aiki a matsayin "littafin labaran lantarki" na irin wannan, wanda ke nuna littattafan yara da yawa da aka sake zanawa ta hanyar dijital, kamar jerin Eric Hill's Spot the Dog, da labarun yara na Kirista. Ya nuna kowane shafi na labarin akan allo, kuma zai zana hotunan kowane shafi a hankali, saboda fasahar lokacin. Babu wani sauti da aka watsa tare da tashar tun lokacin da Farawa Storytime ya kasance ana nufin iyaye su karanta shi da babbar murya suna karanta labarin da aka nuna wa yaro. Wasu kamfanonin talabijin na USB, duk da haka, za su ciyar da wasu tushen sauti (kamar tashar rediyo ta ƙasa ko ta tauraron dan adam ko wani tushen sauti da kamfanin talabijin ya karɓa) tare da tashar a maimakon shiru.

An sake zana littattafan ta hanyar dijital (ta amfani da NAPLPS) saboda yadda aka rarraba Farawa Storytime zuwa ga headends na TV. Ya dogara da decoders da aka yi amfani da su don tsarin Telidon videotex na Kanada na NAPLPS  wanda aka shigar a saman, tare da bayanan hoto don labarun da za a nuna ana ciyar da su ga decoders na Telidon ta hanyar rafi na bayanai. An fara isar da tauraron dan adam a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1983 daga Satellite Syndicated Systems,  kamfani ne wanda ke rarraba bayanai don teletext da sauran ayyuka. Daga nan aka fassara bayanan kuma aka nuna su a matsayin masu zane ta hanyar decoder, tare da fitar da bidiyon decoder da ake ciyarwa zuwa tashar talabijin ta USB. Wannan yana nufin cewa an rarraba Farawa Storytime a kan tsarin talabijin na USB a matsayin tashar yau da kullun da za'a iya gani a kowane saiti na talabijin, ba tare da wani saiti-top decoder da ake buƙata ba.

Alamar Farawa Storytime ja ce a cikin akwati mai baƙar fata, wanda zai yi haske a kusurwar allo a duk lokacin da shafi na gaba ke gab da fitowa.

Kodayake asalin Kanada ne, Farawa Storytime galibi an rarraba shi a Amurka saboda ka'idojin Rediyo-telebijin da Hukumar Sadarwa ta Kanada waɗanda suka hana rarraba Farawa Storytme a Kanada. VSP-7, tashar samun dama ta jama'a a Winnipeg, ta watsa tashar a matsayin shirin minti 30 a kan jadawalin, ta kawo karshen shirin koda kuwa ba a kammala labarin ba.

Ba a yarda da Kamfanin Bincike na Farawa ya bayyana a gaban CRTC a farkon 1984 (Jirgin da ya haifar da lasisi na MuchMusic, TSN, Telelatino) saboda sun gabatar da aikace-aikacen da ba cikakke ba.

An sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da masu wallafa littattafan yara don canza abun ciki zuwa Telidon Format. Farawa StoryTime daga baya aka sani da StoryVision Network,  sannan aka rufe shi a shekarar 1997.

Shekaru da yawa daga baya, gano duk wani alamar Farawa StoryTime a Intanet ya bar sakamako kaɗan saboda yawancin mutane ba su yi rikodin tashar ba daga kebul-tv zuwa tsarin bidiyo na gida.

## Manazarta