Agnes Binagwaho

**Agnes Binagwaho** likitan yara ce ƴar kasar Rwanda kuma wanda ta kafa kuma tsohon mataimakin shugaban Jami'ar Lafiya ta Duniya (2017-2022). A shekarar 1996, ta koma ƙasar Rwanda inda ta ba da kulawar asibiti a bangaren gwamnati sannan ta rike mukamai da dama da suka haɗa da mukamin babban sakatare na ma'aikatar lafiya ta Rwanda daga Oktoba 2008 zuwa Mayu 2011 da kuma ministar lafiya daga Mayu 2011 har zuwa Yuli. 2016.  Ta kasance farfesa a aikin isar da lafiya ta duniya tun daga 2016 kuma farfesa a fannin ilimin yara tun 2017 a Jami'ar Global Health Equity.  Tana zaune a Kigali .

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi inagwaho a Nyamagabe, lardin Kudancin kasar Rwanda. Lokacin da ta kai shekara uku, ita da danginta sun ƙaura zuwa Belgium inda mahaifinta ke kammala digirinsa na likita. Ta kammala digirin ta na likitanci (MD) a fannin likitanci gabaɗaya a Université libre de Bruxelles daga 1976 zuwa 1984 sannan ta kammala digirinta na biyu a fannin ilimin yara (MA) a Université de Bretagne Occidentale daga 1989 zuwa 1993. A 2010, an ba ta Likitan girmamawa. na Kimiyya daga Kwalejin Dartmouth a Amurka.[1] A cikin 2014, ta zama mutum na farko da aka ba wa lambar yabo ta Doctorate of Philosophy (PhD) daga Kwalejin Magunguna da Kimiyyar Lafiya a Jami'ar Rwanda.[2] Kundin karatunta na PhD mai suna, “Hakkin Yara na Lafiya a Fannin Cutar Kanjamau: Al’amarin Ruwanda”[3].a  

Binagwaho ya sami Certificate of Tropical Medicine daga Cibiyar Magungunan Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Belgium, tsakanin 1984 zuwa 1985. A Université de Bretagne Occidentale, ta kammala uku takaddun shaida: Certificate in Axiology (General Emergency) (1991-1992); Takaddun  u a cikin Gaggawa na Yara (1992-1993); da Takaddun shaida a cikin Kulawa da Jiyya na Marasa lafiya na HIV (1994-1995). Ta koma Rwanda a watan Yulin 1996, shekaru biyu bayan kisan kiyashin da aka yi wa Tutsi a 1994.  Daga Yuli zuwa Agusta 1997, ta kammala shirin horarwa kan rigakafin cutar kanjamau da binciken sa ido a Kigali ta gidauniyar AIDS ta Duniya, wacce Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Makarantar Magunguna ta Jami'ar New Mexico ta shirya. Daga Nuwamba 2009 zuwa Afrilu 2010, ta kammala takaddun shaida a Lafiya da Haƙƙin Dan Adam - Girma da Dabaru tare da InWent - Capacity Building International (Internationale Weiterbildung und Entwicklung gGmbH)  An kuma ba ta takardar shedar binciken binciken zamantakewa da halayyar halayya ta Amurka. Ƙungiya ta Citi Collaborative Institutional Training Initiative. 

## Sana'a
Binagwaho ta fara aikinta na asibiti a Belgium da Faransa, inda ta kammala karatun likitancinta. Ta kware a fannin ilimin yara, bayan ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin yara, ta kware a fannin likitancin gaggawa ga manya da yara, da kuma maganin cutar kanjamau da yara da manya. Ta yi aiki tuƙuru a fannin ilimin ɗan adam kuma, lokacin da ta koma Rwanda a 1996, ta yi aikin asibiti a asibitocin gwamnati.

Binagwaho ta kasance memba ta Asusun Global Fund's Rwanda Country Coordinating Mechanism (CCM) daga 2002 zuwa 2008.  Daga 2006 zuwa 2009, ta jagoranci jagorancin Haɗin gwiwa Learning Initiative akan Yara da HIV/AIDS (JLICA),  ƙawance mai zaman kanta na masu bincike, masu aiwatarwa, masu tsara manufofi, masu fafutuka, da mutanen da ke zaune tare da HIV. Ta yi aiki a kwamitin aiwatar da babban matakin aiwatar da manufofin agaji na Rwanda daga 2006 zuwa 2008. Har ila yau, ta kasance memba na Shirin Tallafawa Ƙasashe da yawa akan Kwamitin Gudanarwa na SSR/HIV/AIDS da Ƙungiyar Shawarwari na Cibiyar Harkokin Kasuwancin Royal Tropical a Amsterdam, Netherlands, daga 2004 zuwa 2009. 

Daga 2001 har zuwa 2005, Binagwaho ya kuma rike mukamin mataimakin shugaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya  Task Force of Millennium Development Goals  Project for HIV/AIDS and Samun Mahimman Magunguna, karkashin jagorancin Jeffrey Sachs na Sakatare . Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya . J

A cikin 2004, ta kuma yi aiki a Hukumar Ba da Shawarwari ta Lafiya don Mujallar *Time* .  Ta zauna a kan allon edita na Public Library of Science .  Ta kuma yi aiki a Ƙungiyar Kula da Bibiyar Ƙidaya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, tare da haɗin gwiwar Margaret Biggs (CIDA) da Margaret Chan (WHO) da kuma bayar da rahoto ga Babban Darakta na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Sakatare-Janar Ban Ki-moon . Haka kuma ta kasance memba na Shirin Haɗin kai don Lafiyar Mata da Yara a wannan shekarar a matsayinta na Memba na Ƙungiyar Ayyukan Innovation.

Binagwaho ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Sakatare  na Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Ruwanda daga Oktoba 2008 zuwa Mayu 2011 da kuma matsayin Babban Sakatare na Hukumar Kula da Cutar Kanjamau ta Ruwanda daga 2002 zuwa 2008. A lokacin da ta yi aiki a matsayin Sakatariyar Zartaswa na Hukumar Yaki da Cutar Kanjamau ta Ruwanda daga 2002 zuwa 2008, ta kuma kasance shugabar Kwamitin Gudanarwa na Ruwanda na Shirin Ba da Agajin Gaggawa na Shugabancin Amirka na Taimakawa Kanjamau (PEPFAR).  Bugu da kari, ita ce ke da alhakin gudanar da ayyukan Bankin Duniya na MAP a Ruwanda. 

Binagwaho ya rike mukamin ministan lafiya na kasar Rwanda daga watan Mayun 2011 zuwa Yuli 2016.  A ranar 12 ga Yuli, 2016, bayan shafe shekaru biyar tana aiki, shugaban Rwanda Paul Kagame ya sauke ta daga ayyukanta. 

Daga 2013 zuwa 2015, ta kasance memba na Hukumar Ba da Shawarwari ta Duniya don Lancet Global Health Journal.  Ta kasance memban Kwamitin Kafa na Cibiyar Kula da Lafiyar Jama'a da Ci Gaba a Afirka,  da ke Kisumu, Kenya. Bugu da ƙari, ta yi aiki a kwamitin ba da shawara na Abokan Asusun Duniya na Afirka,  da Kwamitin Ba da Shawarwari na Ƙaddamar da rigakafin cutar AIDS ta duniya.  Ta kuma yi aiki a Kwamitin Ba da Shawarwari na Dabarun Duniya don Cibiyar Ƙirƙirar Lafiya ta Duniya a Kwalejin Imperial ta London   Bugu da ƙari, ta yi hidima ga Memba na Kwamitin Ba da Shawarwari na 3 ( DCP3 ). 

Prof. Binagwaho shi ne tsohon Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Lafiya ta Duniya (2017-2022).

## Daga baya aiki

### Koyarwa
Tun daga 2008, Binagwaho ta kasance babban malami a Sashen Lafiya na Duniya da Magungunan Jama'a a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Harvard.  Ita kuma farfesa ce a aikin isar da lafiya a duniya kuma farfesa a fannin ilimin yara a Jami'ar Global Health Equity a Ruwanda sannan kuma mataimakiyar farfesa a fannin likitancin yara a Makarantar Magunguna ta Geisel da ke Dartmouth.  A halin yanzu, Farfesa Binagwaho yana aiki a matsayin malami mai alaƙa da Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka  a Jami'ar Harvard .

### Sauran ayyukan
A cikin 2019, Binagwaho ya shiga kwamitin amintattu na Gidauniyar Rockefeller  kuma ya zama memba a hukumar ba da shawara ga Wellcome Trust Global Monitor. 

A cikin 2022, ta zama memba na Hukumar Ba da Shawarwari ta Duniya don Tasirin Tasirin Tattalin Arziki akan Amincewa da Bincike na Kimiyya, memba na al'ummar amintattu na Gidauniyar Cummings  kuma memba na kwamitin Cibiyar Bincike kan Mata ta Duniya.

Tun daga shekarar 2010, Binagwaho ya kasance memba na kungiyar Task Force ta Duniya kan Fadada Samun Kula da Ciwon daji da Kula da Ciwon daji a kasashe masu tasowa.  Binagwaho memba ne na kwamitin kimiyya na haɗin gwiwa na haɗin gwiwa don shirye-shiryen rigakafin annoba/Ma'aikatar kimiyya da fasaha ta kasar Sin.  Binagwaho memba ce a Kungiyar Dabarun Turai kan Lafiya ta Afirka  kuma tana aiki a Cibiyar Shugabancin Mata a Gidauniyar Turai ta Afirka.

Ita mamba ce a Dandalin Innovation na Kimiyya na Ruwanda. Tana aiki a matsayin shugabar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun hanyoyi na Commonwealth.  Tana aiki a matsayin shugabar kwamitin gudanarwa na Shirin Bincike a bayyane. Tun daga shekarar 2021, tana aiki a matsayin shugabar taron ƙasa da ƙasa kan Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a a Afirka.  Har ila yau, kwanan nan ta shiga kwamitin Kimiyya da ke shirya 5th Edition na Forum Galien Afrique.

Binagwaho kuma yana aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban Majalisar Ba da Shawarar Kimiyya da Dabarun (SSAC) don Ƙungiyar Binciken Bayanai na COVID-19 na ƙasa da ƙasa  kuma a matsayin mataimakin shugaban Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya da Task Force na COVID-19 na T20.  Tun daga shekarar 2021, ita mamba ce a Kwamitin Afirka kan COVID-19 na Tarayyar Afirka . Kwanan nan, Farfesa Binagwaho ya shiga a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Cibiyar Gudanar da Bincike na Stanford don Tallafawa Canjin Yanayi da Al'umma na Ayyukan Lafiya.

Binagwaho memba ne na kwamitin edita na *Lafiya da Ƴancin Dan Adam*  da *Nazarin Tattalin Arziki da Gudanar da Lafiya* .  Har ila yau, tana aiki a ƙungiyar edita na *Annals of Global Health*  da kuma a kan kwamitin edita na *International Journal of Health Policy and Management* .  Tun daga 2017, Binagwaho ya kasance a cikin kwamitin edita na *mujallar binciken kiwon lafiya ta Gabashin Afirka*  kuma memba na kwamitin edita na *Bulletin na Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya* . 

Binagwaho ɗan'uwa ne a Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Afirka,  Cibiyar Nazarin Magunguna ta ƙasa a Amurka.  Kwanan nan, a karkashin inuwar Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya, Magunguna da Injiniya ta kasa ta zama mamba a dandalin Duniya kan Ƙirƙirar Ilimin Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Lafiya.  Hakanan ta kasance ɗan'uwa ga Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Duniya (TWAS)  don Ci gaban Kimiyya a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa inda ta yi aiki a Kwamitin Ci gaban Manufofin TWAS da Ayyukan Gaba (PDFA) na shekara ta 2021-2022.

## Bincike da gwagwarmaya
Nazari da wallafe-wallafen Binagwaho na nufin inganta hanyoyin rigakafi, kulawa da maganin cutar kanjamau da sauran cututtuka. Binagwaho ta yi ta magana akai-akai game da gagarumin rawar da bincike ya taka wajen inganta lafiya a kasarta.  Dissertation dinta na PhD ya mayar da hankali ne kan nazarin damar da aka rasa ga yaran da ke fama da cutar kanjamau don cika hakkinsu na kiwon lafiya. 

A lokacin da take rike da mukamin ministar lafiya, Binagwaho ta kaddamar da tattaunawa ta yanar gizo ta hanyar Twitter kan batutuwan da suka shafi manufofin kiwon lafiya na duniya da kuma bangaren kiwon lafiyar kasar Rwanda.  A lokacin da take rike da mukamin minista, masu amfani da shafin Twitter daga sassa daban-daban na kasar Rwanda da ma duniya baki daya sun bi ta a tattaunawar mako biyu ta hanyar amfani da #MinisterLitinin. A watan Disambar 2011, ta yi haɗin gwiwa da wani kamfanin ICT na Ruwanda-Amurka mai suna Nyaruka don baiwa 'yan Rwanda da ba su da damar shiga Intanet damar ba da gudummawar tambayoyinsu da tsokaci ga tattaunawar #MinisterLitinin ta hanyar SMS. 

A cikin 2013, Binagwaho ya gabatar da jerin laccoci na Jami'ar College London Lancet.A cikin 2015, ita ce mai girma David E. Barmes Global Health Lecturer  ta hanyar Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Kasa  da lacca, "David E. Barmes Lecture Global Health Lecture: Medical Research and Capacity Building for Development: The Kwarewar Ruwanda." 

A cikin 2015, ta sami lambobin yabo guda biyu: Kyautar 2015 Roux  ta Cibiyar Nazarin Kiwon Lafiya da Kiwon Lafiya (IHME) don amfani da bayanan Nazarin Burden Cututtuka na Duniya don rage mace-macen jarirai a Rwanda,  da Ronald McDonald. Kyautar Kyautar Kyautar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Yara.  An nada ta a cikin 100 Mafi Tasirin Matan Afirka na 2020 da na 2021.   Kwanan nan, ta sami lambar yabo ta L'ORÉAL-UNESCO ga mata a fannin kimiyyar kasa da kasa a matsayin babbar gudummawar da ta bayar wajen inganta tsarin kiwon lafiyar Ruwanda. 

A matsayinta na shugabar taron farko kan lafiyar jama'a a Afirka,  an ba ta lambar yabo da nasarar "Jagorancin Kiwon Lafiya na Duniya".  Kwanan nan, an zabe ta a cikin 100 Mafi Tasirin Ilimin Apolitical a cikin Gwamnati  a cikin yankin manufofin "Fara daga Covid-19 - Kiwon Lafiyar Duniya" kuma an san ta a cikin "Muryar Murya a Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'ar Afirka" a gare ta. bayar da shawarwari don *daidaiton lafiyar duniya da adalci na zamantakewa* . 

## Labarai
Binagwaho ya wallafa labarai sama da 240 da surori na littattafai da aka bita. 

## Nassoshi