open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Yanayin muhalli a libiya

**Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli a Libya** sun hada da kwararowar hamada da karancin albarkatun ruwa.

## Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli

### Ruwan sama
Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara tsakanin milimita 200 zuwa 600 ne kawai a mafi yawan wuraren noma na Libya. Babban aikin kogin da ɗan adam ya yi, wanda aka ƙera don kawo ruwa daga maɓuɓɓugan burbushin halittu a ƙarƙashin Sahara, ba shi da wani tasiri na dogon lokaci saboda yanayin ƙayyadaddun burbushin halittu. Sannan Wani babban abin da ke damun muhalli a kasar Libiya shi ne karancin ruwan karkashin kasa sakamakon yawan amfani da shi wajen raya aikin gona, lamarin da ke haifar da ruwan gishiri da kuma shigar ruwan teku a cikin magudanan ruwa na gabar teku. Babban aikin kogin da mutum ya yi, a halin yanzu ana cigaba da aikin jigilar ruwa daga manyan magudanan ruwa da ke karkashin hamadar Sahara zuwa garuruwan da ke gabar teku, shi ne aikin samar da ruwa mafi girma a duniya.

### Maganin sharar ruwa
A Libya, akwai babban kamfani ne ke kula da kula da ruwan sha na birni don samar da ruwan sha a Libiya, wanda ya dace da ma'aikatar Gidaje da Ayyukan Gwamnati. Akwai kusan masana'antun sarrafa najasa 200 a duk faɗin ƙasar, to amma tsare-tsire kaɗan ne ke aiki. A gaskiya ma, manyan tsire-tsire 36 suna cikin manyan biranen; sai dai guda tara ne kawai ke aiki, sauran kuma ana kan gyara su.

Manyan wuraren sarrafa ruwan sharar da ke aiki suna cikin Sirte, Tripoli, da Misurata, waɗanda ke da ƙarfin ƙira na 21,000, 110,000, da 24,000 m3 a kowace rana, bi da bi. Haka kuma, galibin sauran wuraren ruwan sharar gida ne kanana da matsakaitan shuke-shuke da ke da ƙarfin ƙira na kusan 370 zuwa 6700 m3/rana. Don haka, 145,800 m3 a kowace rana ko kashi 11 cikin 100 na ruwan datti ana yin magani da gaske, sauran kuma ana saka su a cikin tekun da tafkunan wucin gadi duk da cewa ba a kula da su ba. Sannan Kuma A haƙiƙa, masana'antun sarrafa ruwan sha da ba sa aiki a Tripoli suna haifar da zubewar ruwa sama da 1,275, 000 na ruwan da ba a sarrafa su ba a cikin teku kowace rana.

### Gurbacewa da Hamada
Wata babbar matsalar muhalli a Libya ita ce gurbatar ruwa .Kuma  Haɗin tasirin najasa, albarkatun mai, da sharar masana'antu na barazana ga gabar tekun Libiya da Tekun Bahar Rum gabaɗaya. Libya na da kilomita 0.8 na albarkatun ruwa da za a iya sabuntawa tare da kashi 87% ana amfani da su wajen aikin noma da 4% don dalilai na masana'antu. Kusan kashi 68% na mutanen da ke zaune a karkara ne ke da tsaftataccen ruwan sha. Biranen Libya na samar da kusan tan miliyan 0.6 na sharar gida a kowace shekara. Ana fama da kwararowar hamadar wurare masu albarka ta hanyar dasa itatuwa a matsayin iska.

### Nau'in da ke cikin haɗari
Ya zuwa shekara ta 2001, nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa na Libya 11 da 2 na nau'in tsuntsayenta na cikin hadari. Kimanin nau'ikan tsire-tsire 41 kuma suna cikin haɗari. Dabbobin da ke cikin hatsari a Libya sun hada da hatimin rufaffiyar Bahar Rum, damisa, da kuma siririn kaho. Bubal hartebeest da Sahara oryx sun bace.

## Duba wasu abubuwan

* Geography na Libya
* Yankunan da aka kariya na Libya
* Namun daji na Libya

## Manazarta
Rediyo Najeriya Kaduna

**Gidan Rediyon Tarayya na Najeriya Kaduna**, wanda aka fi sani da **Radio Kaduna**, an kafa shi ne a shekarar ta 1962. Yanzu tana da mafi girman masu sauraron rediyo a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara.

Tashar tana watsa shirye-shiryenta cikin harshen Hausa da Ingilishi da Nupe da Kanuri. Ana iya jin shirin Hausa a jihar Kaduna da ma duniya baki ɗaya akan gajeren zangon da ya kai kHz 6090, da kuma harshen Ingilishi a kan 4770 kHz. Tashoshin FM a cikin garin Kaduna su ne: Supreme FM akan 96.1 MHz da Karama FM akan 92.1 MHz.

## Duba kuma

* Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines - gidan rediyo makamancin haka wanda ya taka rawa a kisan kiyashin da aka yi a Rwanda .
* Ra'ayin Anti-Igbo

## Manazarta
Anti-Igbo sentiment

**Kiyayyar Igbo** (wanda aka fi sani da **Igbophobia** ) yana nufin tsoron al'ummar Igbo na Najeriya  waɗanda galibi suka mamaye yankin kudu maso gabashin Najeriyada wasu sassan kudu maso kudu ma.

## Tunanin kafin yakin basasa
A farkon shekarun da Najeriya ta samu ‘yancin kai, ‘yan kabilar Ibo sun kara fahimtar da ƙabilar Igbo a matsayin kabilanci da bai dace ba tare da wadata da dama da yankuna daban-daban, sakamakon yadda ‘yan mulkin mallaka da kuma jama’a suka yi wa ƙabilar Ibo aiki a cikin Nijeriya ‘yan mulkin mallaka. sassa a duk faɗin ƙasar. Hakan ya tayar da hankalin wasu a kan ƙabilar Ibo.

Wannan ya ƙara tabarbarewar gwamnatin Janar Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi na kankanen lokaci, wanda mulkin sojan da ya kunshi ‘yan kabilar Ibo ne kuma wanda ya soke yankunan da aka yi tarayya da su; wannan ya kai ga kashe shi a wani juyin mulkin da Hausa / Fulani suka jagoranta. Hakan ya biyo bayan kisan gillar da aka yi wa dubban ‘yan ƙabilar Ibo a cikin pogroms a yankin Arewa, wanda ya kori miliyoyin ‘yan ƙabilar Igbo zuwa mahaifarsu a Gabashin Najeriya ; Dangantakar ƙabilanci ta tabarbare cikin sauri, kuma aka ayyana wata jamhuriyar Biafra ta daban a shekarar 1967, wanda ya kai ga yaƙin Biafra.

## Anti-Igbo pogrom
**1966 pogrom anti-Igbo** wani jerin kisan kiyashi da aka yiwa Igbo da sauran mutanen kudancin Najeriya mazauna arewacin Najeriya tun daga watan Mayun 1966 har ya kai ga kololuwa bayan 29 ga Satumba 1966.  A cikin wannan lokaci, an kashe ‘yan kabilar Ibo 30,000-50,000 a duk fadin Arewacin Najeriya a hannun Hausa-Fulani sojoji da fararen hula wadanda suka nemi daukar fansa kan juyin mulkin da aka yi wa Nijeriya a shekarar 1966, wanda Manjo shida da Kyaftin uku na Kudancin Najeriya suka yi, kuma suka yi sanadiyyar mutuwar su. na 'yan siyasar Najeriya 11 da hafsoshin sojojin kasar Hausa, Fulani, Itsekiri da kuma kabilar Yarbawa .  Wadannan al’amura ne suka haifar da juyin mulkin da Najeriya ta yi daga ƙarshe ta balle yankin gabashin Najeriya tare da ayyana Jamhuriyar Biafra wanda a karshe ya kai ga yakin Najeriya da Biafra .  Kisan kiyashin da aka yi wa ’yan kudancin Najeriya a shekara ta 1966 wasu marubuta sun bayyana shi a matsayin kisan kiyashi  kuma an kwatanta su daban-daban a matsayin tarzoma, miyagu ko kisan kare dangi. 

## Yaƙin basasar Najeriya
 
Jamhuriyar Biyafara dai ta kasance jiha ce ta ‘yan aware a gabashin Najeriya wadda ta kasance daga ranar 30 ga Mayun shekara ta 1967 zuwa Janairun shekara ta 1970. Ya samo sunansa daga Bight of Biafra, Tekun Atlantika zuwa kudu. Mazaunan galibinsu ’yan kabilar Ibo ne da suka jagoranci ballewar saboda tashe-tashen hankula na tattalin arziki, ƙabilanci, al’adu da addini a tsakanin al’ummun Najeriya daban-daban. Sauran ƙabilun da suka kafa jamhuriyar sun haɗa da Efik, Ibibio, Annang, Ejagham, Eket, Ibeno da Ijaw, da dai sauransu.

## Duba kuma

* Radio Nigeria Kaduna

## Manazarta
Navi Pillay

**Navanethem** "**Navi**" **Pillay** (an haife ta ranar 23 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1941) ƙwararriyar masaniyaf shari'a ce ta Afirka ta Kudu wanda ta yi aiki a matsayin Babbar Kwamishinan Kare Haƙƙin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya daga 2008 zuwa 2014.'Yar Afirka ta Kudu 'yar asalin Tamil ta Indiya, ita ce mace ta farko da ba farar fata ba a Kotun Koli ta Afirka ta Kudu, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin alkaliya ta Kotun Hukunta Manyan Laifuka ta Duniya da Shugabar Kotun Hukunta Laifukan Ruwanda. .Wa'adinta na shekaru huɗu a matsayin Babban Kwamishinan a hukumar kare Ƴancin Ɗan Adam ya fara a ranar 1 ga Satumba 2008 kuma an ƙara ƙarin shekaru biyu a 2012. Yarima Zeid bin Ra'ad ne ya gaje ta a watan Satumban 2014.A cikin Afrilun shekarar 2015 Pillay ta zama Kwamishina ta 16 na Hukumar Yaƙi da Hukuncin Kisa ta Duniya. Har ila yau, tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan mutane 25 a hukumar yaɗa labarai da dimokuraɗiyya da ƙungiyar masu rajin kare hakkin bil'adama ta *Reporters Without Borders* ta kaddamar.

## Fage

An haifi Pillay a shekara ta 1941 a wata matalauta unguwar Durban, lardin Natal, Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu. Ita 'yar asalin Tamil ta Indiya ce kuma mahaifinta direban bas ne. Ta auri Gaby Pillay, lauya, a cikin Janairu 1965. Tana da 'ya'ya mata biyu.

Al'ummar Indiya sun tallafa mata da gudummawa, ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Natal tare da BA a shekarar 1963 da LLB a 1965. Daga baya ta halarci Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard, ta sami LLM a 1982 da kuma Dikita na Digiri na Kimiyyar Shari'a a 1988. Pillay ita ce 'yar Afirka ta Kudu ta farko da ta sami digiri na uku a fannin shari'a daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard.

## Kyaututtuka

A cikin shekarar 2003, Pillay ta sami lambar yabo ta Gruber don 'Yancin Mata.

An ba ta digirin girmamawa

* Jami'ar Fasaha ta Durban - Jami'ar da ke garinsu na Durban, Afirka ta Kudu,
* Jami'ar Durham,
* Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar City ta New York, 
* Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta London, Jami'ar Rhodes,
* Jami'ar Leuven

## Manazarta
Damar shiga da Damar fita

**Wannan maƙala tana magana ne akan haƙƙin tuƙi (Dama-shjga / dama-fita** ( **RIRO** ), da Dama bin tsagen hagu **/ Fita ta hagu** ( **LILO** ) . wannan yana nufin wani nau'in ne na hanya uku inda aka ƙuntata yawan tafiyar motoci . RIRO yana ba da izinin juyawa dama kawai kuma LILO yana ba da izinin juyawa hagu kawai. "Dama-ciki" da "hagu-ciki" suna nufin jujjuyawar babbar hanya *zuwa* mahaɗa (ko hanyar mota); "futa-dama" da "fita-hagu" suna nufin jujjuyawar hanya (ko titin mota) zuwa babbar hanya.    RIRO yakan kasance inda ababen hawa ke tafiya a dama, shi kuma LILO ya saba inda motocin ke tafiya a hagu Wannan saboda ƙananan hanyoyi yawanci suna haɗuwa ta hanyoyi biyu. T Koyaya dai, akan babbar hanyar da aka raba, duka mahadar RIRO da LILO na iya faruwa.

Ragowar maƙalar tana nufin RIRO kawai amma yana aiki daidai da LILO.

Matsakaicin RIRO ya bambanta da haɗin 3/4 (dama cikin / dama waje / hagu a) da kuma tsaka-tsakin mara iyaka.

## Zane
RIRO wani muhimmin kayan aiki ne na gudanarwar samun dama, shi kansa muhimmin sashi ne na tsarin sufuri . Wani binciken da ke amfani da jagororin gudanarwa na samun dama ga sake fasalin Hanyar Missouri ta 763 a Columbia, Missouri  ya kwatanta yadda RIRO, haɗe tare da siginar siginar da aka tsara don ba da izinin juyawa, zai iya ɗaukar nauyin zirga-zirga tare da ƙananan jinkiri da aminci mai girma.

Ƙuntataccen RIRO yawanci ana aiwatar da shi ta hanyar shinge na zahiri kamar tsibirin zirga-zirga a cikin mahadar don jagorantar ababen hawa zuwa hanyar da aka halatta, da kuma hana ababen hawa tafiya ta hanyar mahadar. Babbar hanyar ita kanta sau da yawa tana da tsaka -tsakin tsaka-tsaki da ke raba hanyoyin ababen hawa biyu. Hakanan za'a iya samun ƙuntatawa ta hanyar sigina, amma lokacin da tsaka-tsaki ko wani shinge ba ya kasancewa a cikin tsaka-tsakin babbar hanya, an sami daidaitawar RIRO don haifar da ƙimar cin zarafi.

Hakanan hanyoyin RIRO na iya samun musanya tsakanin ma'auni, amma motocin da ke kan waɗannan hanyoyin ba sa ba da dama ga sauran motocin da ke shiga hanyar, kuma ba sa fuskantar cunkoson ababen hawa. Irin wadannan hanyoyi wasu lokuta ana kiransu *RIRO expressways* . A Amurka, a wasu lokuta ana kiran su *Jersey freeways*, saboda yaɗuwarsu a jihar New Jersey, ko da yake ba'a iyakance ga waccan jihar ba.

## Amfani

Tsarin hanyar RIRO muhimmin kayan aiki ne don gudanar da shiga . Gabaɗaya nau'ikan daidaitawar hanyar RIRO sun haɗa da iyakataccen hanyoyin shiga ( hanyoyi daban -daban, da sauransu) da kewayawa . Don tafiya cikin ƙayyadaddun alkibla, motoci dole ne su fara juya kan hanyar da aka halatta, sannan su juya alkibla a cikin juyi, ta zagayawa dawafi ko ta hanyar hagu kusa da shinge. RIRO yana da amfani musamman inda jujjuyawar hagu ke buƙatar tsallakawa gaban ababen hawa masu zuwa.

## Tsaro
Tsarin RIRO gabaɗaya yana haɓaka amincin zirga-zirgar ababen hawa da inganci ta hanyar rage yawan wuraren rikici tsakanin ababan hawa.

Tsarin RIRO na iya inganta aminci da aiki a wata mahadar yayin da ke haifar da ta'azzara su a wata tsakar hanyar sama ko ƙasa.

## Manazarta
Hukumar Kare Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam ta ƙasar Najeriya

**[[Najeriya|Hukumar]] kare Haƙƙin ɗan Adam ta ƙasa** ( **NHRC** ), an kafa **hukumar kare hakkin dan adam ta kasa** (NHRC), a shekara ta alif dari tara da casa'in da biyar 1995, kamar yadda dokar (NHRC**),** ta shekara ta dubu biyu da goma 2010, ta gyara. Hukumar tana aiki ne a matsayin wata hanya ta wuce gona da iri wacce ke kare hakkin bil'adama na al'ummar Najeriya. Tana sa ido a kan hakkin dan Adam a Najeriya, tana taimakawa wadanda aka take haƙƙin su, da kuma taimakawa wajen tsara manufofin gwamnatin Najeriya kan hakkin dan adam. 

Hukumar ta kasance mai himma wajen bincike da lura da al'amuran kare haƙƙin bil'adama da damar kafuwarta.  
Amnesty International ta nuna damuwa game da tsoratar da Hukumar Kare Haƙƙoƙin Ɗan Adam ta ƙasa da rundunar 'yan sandan Najeriya ke yi a shekara ta dubu biyu da goma sha biyu 2012.

Sakataren zartarwa na yanzu shine Anthony O. Ojukwu Esq. 

## Duba kuma

* Hakkin Dan Adam a Najeriya
* Hukumar binciken take hakkin dan Adam ta Najeriya

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Hukumar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam ta kasa, shafin hukuma
*
Ingancin ruwa a Taranaki

**Ingancin ruwa a Taranaki** sanan nen lamari ne na muhalli ga yawancin masu ruwa da tsaki tare da nuna damuwa game da yuwuwar tasirin noma, da kiwo a New Zealand da masana'antar petrochemical.

Albarkatun ruwa a Taranaki suna ƙarƙashin ikon Majalisar Yankin Taranaki (TRC) a ƙarƙashin Dokar Gudanar da Albarkatu (RMA), kuma fitar da ruwa yana buƙatar izinin albarkatu. TRC Hukumar tana lura da ingancin hanyoyin ruwa kuma tana buga rahotannin sabuntawa akan muhallin.

A cikin ƙasa, an danganta tabarbarewar ingancin ruwa tare da ƙaruwar adadin shanun kiwo da kuma amfani da takin nitrogen. TRC ta ba da shawarar cewa kiwo bai ƙaru a Taranaki ba tun  shekarar 2000, kuma ingancin ruwa yana da kyau kuma yana samun kyau.  A cikin shekarata 2015, yawan shanun kiwo ya kasance 493,361, karuwar 2.5% akan 1998/99, tare da yawan shanu 2.85 a kowace hekta (2.8 a 1998/99).

Wata bita na Kifi &amp;amp; Game da Forest &amp;amp; Bird ya gano cewa ba a aiwatar da matakai da yawa da aka yi niyya don magance gurɓataccen kiwo ba. A garin Taranaki, akwai rumfunan kiwo guda 1400, inda magudanar kiwo ke zubewa cikin magudanun ruwa maimakon a fesa su zuwa kasa, kamar yadda bayanai daga rahoton muhalli na majalisar yankin Taranaki na shekarar 2012, suka nuna. A cikin shekarar 2012, shugaban New Zealand Freshwater Sciences Society ya bayyana mamakin adadin da aka yarda da fitar da kiwo zuwa magudanan ruwa, idan aka ba da mafi yawan sauran majalisun yankuna suna tuhumar manoman kiwo waɗanda ke ba da izinin kiwo shiga hanyoyin ruwa.

A cikin shekarata 2019, Majalisar Yankin Taranaki ta ba da rahoton cewa ingancin ruwan ya kara tabarbarewa, inda kawai biyu daga cikin rukunin sha biyar da aka gwada sun cika ka'idojin ninkaya.

An ba da rahoton misalan manyan matakan E.coli a lokacin bazara.

## '''Ma'aunin ingancin ruwa.'''
Teburin da ke gaba yana nuna matsakaicin ma'auni a tsawon lokacin 2005, zuwa 2014. 

### Hotuna, 2005-2014.

## Duba wasu abubuwan.

* Gurbacewar ruwa a New Zealand

## Manazarta.
Dokar kare ƙasa da dokar bayar da gida

Dokar **Kare Kasa da Dokar Bayar da Gida ta** Pub. L. 74-461, wanda aka kafa a 29 ga Fabrairu, shekarata 1936) wato dokar tarayya ce ta Amurka wacce ta baiwa gwamnati damar biyan manoma kudi don rage noma domin kiyaye kasa da kuma hana zaizayar kasa.

## Tarihin majalisa
An zartar da dokar ne a matsayin martani ga sanarwar da Kotun Koli ta yi cewa dokar daidaita aikin gona (AAA) ta sabawa kundin tsarin mulki. An zartar da waɗannan ayyuka biyu a matsayin doka a ƙoƙarin yanke rarar amfanin gona da kiwo.  Asali, Majalisa ta zartar da Dokar Kula da ƙasa ta shakarar 1935 Pub. L. 74-46, 49 Matsayi. 163 a ranar 27 ga Afrilu, shekarata 1935 a ƙoƙarin magance matsalolin zaizayar ƙasa ta hanyar kawo manufofinta da manufofinta, ingantawa da adana albarkatun ƙasa na ƙasa.  A lokacin zama na biyu na Majalisa na 74, Majalisar Dokokin Amurka ta yi gyara ga Dokar Kare Kasa ta 1935 ta hanyar wucewa Pub. L. 74-461 da kuma canza dokar zuwa sunan Dokar Kula da ƙasa da Bayar da Gida tare da bayyana maƙasudin ƙarfafa yin amfani da albarkatun ƙasa ta yadda za a kiyayewa da haɓaka haifuwa, haɓaka amfani da tattalin arziki, da rage cin zarafi da amfani da ƙasa mara amfani. albarkatun kasa.  Franklin D. Roosevelt ya sanya hannu kan dokar a ranar 29 ga Fabrairu, shekarata 1936.

## Tanadi
Yana nufin taimakawa da wasu matsalolin da dokar da ta gabata, musamman gazawarta na kare masu rabon gonaki da manoman haya. Kuma A yanzu dai an bukaci masu gidaje da su raba kudaden da gwamnati ta samu na rage noma da wadanda suka yi aikin gonakinsu.

Dokar ta kuma ba da umarni don adana ƙasa a cikin "ƙasa mafi girma" - ƙasar da ake ɗagawa cikin manyan kwanonin ƙura a cikin shekarata 1930s. Wannan lokacin, wanda aka sani da Bowl Bowl, tare da matsalolin tattalin arziki na Babban Mawuyacin, ya shafi manoma musamman wuya. Dokar ta yi yunkurin gyara manufofin gwamnati a baya da ke karfafa gwiwar manoma da su yi amfani da filayensu ba tare da damuwa da abin da zai biyo baya ba. Sakamakon wadannan hanyoyin noma (yawancin yadda manoma suke noman gonakinsu) ya sa ya zama kasala ga iska. Busasshiyar ƙasa, yanzu fallasa, ta tashi don haifar da "hadarin baki".

Dokar dai ta ilmantar da manoma kan yadda za su yi amfani da filayensu ba tare da lahanta su ba, kuma sun dauki matakin dakile illolin da kura ke haifarwa - musamman ta hanyar dasa itatuwa da ciyawa.

## Duba wasu abubuwan

* Noma a Amurka
* Hukumar Albarkatun Kasa ta 1934
* Jadawalin lokaci na abubuwan muhalli

## Manazarta

## Ci gaba da karatu

*
Olabiyi Durojaiye

**An zaɓi Olabiyi Durojaiye,**(an haife shi a ranar 8 Fabrairun shekara ta 1933  – 24 Agusta 2021  ) an zaɓe shi Sanata mai wakiltar Ogun ta Gabas ta Jihar Ogun, Najeriya a farkon Jamhuriyya ta Huɗu ta Najeriya, wanda ke takara a dandalin Alliance for Democracy (AD). Ya hau kan mulki a ranar 29 ga Mayun shekara ta 1999.  Ya kuma yi amfani da sunan ƙabila **Otunba** a matsayin salo na riga-kafin suna, inda ya bayyana matsayinsa na jigon kabilar Yarbawa . 

## Haihuwa da farkon aiki
Durojaiye ya sami BSc (Tattalin Arziki) London, da LLB, London. An kira shi Lauyan Najeriya a shekarar 1979, kuma ya kasance Barista kuma Lauyan Kotun Koli ta Najeriya. Ya kuma kammala karatunsa a Cibiyar Nazarin Siyasa da Dabaru ta Kuru . Ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru 35 a ma’aikatun gwamnati, ciki har da shekaru 28 a matsayin Darakta a babban bankin Najeriya da kuma ma’aikatar kula da ma’adanai ta kasa.

Ya yi aiki tare da Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya, Tsarin Reserve na Tarayya a Amurka da Jami'ar City University London tsakanin shekarun 1964 da 1982.
 

## Sana'ar siyasa
Durojaiye ya kasance zababben mamba na Majalisar Zartarwa na shekarar 1988/89. 

A shekarar 1992 ya kasance ɗan takarar shugabancin Najeriya a karkashin jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP), inda ya sha kaye a hannun MKO Abiola .  Janar Ibrahim Babangida ya soke zaɓen Abiola a matsayin shugaban kasa, wanda ya kai ga komawa mulkin soja. A cikin watan Disambar shekarar 1996 gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Janar Sani Abacha ta kama Durojaiye, kuma an tsare shi na tsawon kwanaki 560 tare da cin zarafi a gidan yari.

Wani rahoto na watan Yuni na shekarar 1997 ya bayyana cewa lauyan mai shekaru 63 a duniya ba shi da lafiya kuma yana fama da cutar hawan jini sakamakon jinyarsa.  Amnesty International ta sanya shi fursuna kuma ta yi yakin neman a sake shi. 

Durojaiye zaɓaɓɓen Sanata ne na Tarayyar Najeriya daga shekarar (1999-2003).  Bayan ya hau kan kujerarsa a Majalisar Dattawa an naɗa shi kwamitocin kula da harkokin shari’a, kafa (Chairman) da ayyuka na musamman. 

A watan Disambar shekarar 2002 ya ba da shawarar ɗaurin rai-da-rai ga duk wanda ya tafka magudin zaɓe. 

Ya lashe zaɓen fidda gwani na jam’iyyar AD ne domin ya wakilci jam’iyyar a mazabar Ogun ta Gabas a zaɓen 2003, duk da cewa Cif Adamo Olayinka Yesufu, abokin takararsa ne ya yi masa barazanar ɗaukar matakin shari’a.  Ɗan takarar PDP Tokunbo Ogunbanjo ne ya lashe zaɓen. PDP candidate Tokunbo Ogunbanjo won the election.

## Abubuwan da suka faru daga baya
Matar Durojaiye Florence Olufunso Adejoke ta rasu ne a ranar 6 ga watan Yuni na shekara ta 2009 tana da shekaru 72 a Ikeja, wata biyu bayan ita da mijinta sun cika shekaru 50 da aure. Ta rasu ta bar mijinta da ‘ya’ya shida da jikoki da dama.  A wata hira da aka yi da shi a watan Maris na shekarar 2010, Durojaiye mai shekaru 70 a duniya, ya yi tsokaci game da yadda ake bibiyar cutar da Shugaba Umaru Yar’adua a boye, inda a dare shugaban ya dawo Najeriya ta barauniyar hanya, kuma ba a bayar da rahoton halin da yake ciki ba..

Durojaiye ya mutu daga COVID-19 a watan Agusta 2021.  

## Manazarta
Ƙungiyar aikin muhalli

Ƙungiyar aikin **Muhalli** (ENFORAC) haɗin gwiwa ne na ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na muhalli guda 16, ƙungiyoyin al'umma da cibiyoyin ilimi waɗanda suka taru a matsayin murya ɗaya don karewa da bayar da shawarwari ga albarkatun kasa na Ƙasar Saliyo . An kafa ta a cikin shekarata 2004, ba a ƙaddamar da ita a hukumance ba sai Afrilun a shekarar 2006. 

An yi rajistar ENFORAC tare da Hukumar Harkokin Kasuwanci a matsayin Kamfanin Ba Don Riba ba, Limited Garanti: 24 ga Agusta shekarata 2020.

Tambarin ENFORAC yana wakiltar Picathartes biyu masu Farin Necked suna fuskantar juna a cikin tattaunawa a bakin kogi a ƙarƙashin bishiya.

Picathartes gymnocephalus shi ma kuma yana cikin dajin sama Guinea kuma an zaɓi shi don wakiltar raguwar ɗan adam na wannan yanayin.

## Manazarta
Nemat Abdullahi Khair

**Nemat Abdullah Mohamed Khair** (; sauran fassarar: *Neemat*, *Nimat*, *Abdallah*; an haife ta a shekara ta 1957) ita ce alkalin 'yar kasar Sudan ta Kotun Koli ta Sudan wadda ta zama babban alkalin kasar Sudan (shugaban shari'ar Sudan) a ranar 10 ga Oktoba 2019. Don haka, a karkashin Mataki na 29.(3) na Sanarwa Tsarin Mulki na watan Agusta 2019, ita ce kuma shugabar kotun kolin Sudan kuma tana da "alhakin gudanar da ikon shari'a a gaban kwamitin koli na shari'a." Khair ita ce mace ta farko a matsayin shugabar Alkalan Sudan.

## Yarantaka da ilimi

Khair a fito daga al-Kamleen a Gezira,  kuma ta sami BA a fannin shari'a daga Jami'ar Alkahira.

## 2018-2019 Zanga-zangar Sudan

Khair ta halarci zanga-zangar Sudan ta 2018-2019, a tattakin da alkalai suka yi da kuma zama a gaban hedikwatar sojojin Khartoum, wanda aka watse a kisan kiyashin da aka yi a ranar 3 ga watan Yuni a Khartoum. An dai yi mata kallon mai adawa da gwamnatin al-Bashir tsawon shekaru da dama kafin zanga-zangar.

## Aikin shari'a

Khair ta zama memba a bangaren shari'a na Sudan a farkon shekarun 1980.Ta yi aiki a Kotun daukaka kara, Kotun matakin farko, kuma ta zama alƙali na Kotun Koli. Khair ta kafa kungiyar Alkalan Sudan a matsayin kungiya mai cin gashin kanta daga gwamnati. 

A shekara ta 2016 Khair ta yanke hukunci kan gwamnatin al-Bashir a shari’ar da ta shafi cocin Anglican.

## Tsaka tsakin siyasa

Khair baya alaka da kowace jam'iyyar siyasa.  A cewar *Sudan Daily*, an san ta "da iyawa, mutunci da gogewa." Muez Hadra na kungiyar Forces for Freedom and Change (FFC) ya bayyana Nemat a matsayin "mai gaskiya da gaske" kuma mai cin gashin kansa gaba daya daga tsohuwar gwamnatin al-Bashir. 

### Shugaban hukumar shari'a ta Sudan
A ranar 10 ga Oktoba, 2019, an tabbatar da Khair a matsayin shugaban sashin shari'a na Sudan bayan an zabe ta ta hanyar yarjejeniya tsakanin Kwamitin Rikon kwarya (TMC) da Forces of Freedom and Change alliance (FFC).A karkashin Mataki na 29.(3) na Sanarwa Kundin Tsarin Mulki na watan Agusta 2019, ita ce kuma shugabar Kotun Koli kuma tana da "alhakin gudanar da ikon shari'a a gaban Majalisar Koli ta Shari'a."  A baya an yi tsammanin Khair za ta zama Alkalin Alkalai a ranar 20 ko 21 ga Agusta 2019,  a cewar *Khartoum Star* da *Sudan Daily.*

Khair ita ce mace ta farko da ta zama Shugabar Alkalan Sudan, kuma daya daga cikin kananan alkalai mata a Afirka (bayan Kaïta Kayentao Diallo - Mali, 2006; Umu Hawa Tejan-Jalloh - Saliyo, 2008; Mathilda Twomey – Seychelles, 2011; Nthomeng Majara – Lesotho, 2014; Irene Mambilima – Zambia, 2015; Sophia Akuffo – Ghana, 2017; Meaza Ashenafi – Ethiopia, 2018).

A ranar 12 ga Satumba, 2019, kafin tabbatar da Khair a ranar 10 ga Oktoba, dubban masu zanga-zanga a Khartoum da sauran garuruwan Sudan sun yi kira da a nada Abdelgadir Mohamed Ahmed a matsayin alkalin alkalai da Mohamed el-Hafiz a matsayin babban lauya. Wata doka ta 10 ga Oktoba ta ayyana Tag el-Sir el-Hibir a matsayin babban lauya.

## Manazarta
Abderrahmane

**Abderrahmane** na iya komawa zuwa:

* Abderrahmane Boushaki, dan siyasar a Aljeriya.
* Abderrahman dan Abi Bakar, dan Sultan na Sokoto.
* Abdulrahman Gimba, Ministan Wasanni na ƙasar Najeriya.
* Abdurrahman suyudi, muhaddith, historian, geographer da mufassir.
* Aisha Abdurrahman Bewley, marubuci da mai aikin fassara.
Julie Manning

**Julie Catherine Manning,** (An haife ta ranar 24 ga watan Janairu, 1939). ƴar kasar Tanzaniya ce kuma lauya ce, alkali, ƴar siyasa. Matar Tanzaniya ta farko da ta fara karatun shari'a, ta kasance alkaliya a babbar kotu kafin ta zama ministar shari'a daga shekarar 1975 zuwa 1983.

## Rayuwa

A cikin 1963 Julie Manning ta zama mace ta farko da ta fara karatun shari'a a Jami'ar Gabashin Afirka.Daga baya ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da doka a zauren Attorney General's Chamber. A shekarar 1973 aka nada ta alkali a babbar kotun kasar Tanzaniya, wanda hakan ya sa ta zama mace ta farko a Afirka ta zama alkalin babbar kotun kasar a gabashi ko tsakiyar Afrika. A cikin 1975 an nada ta ministar shari'a, inda ta zama daya daga cikin mata biyu na farko da suka yi aiki a majalisar ministocin Tanzaniya.

Bayan Joseph Warioba ya gaji Manning a matsayin Ministan Shari'a a 1983, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara a ofishin jakadancin Tanzaniya Ottawa, Kanada.

## Manazarta
Saar Wilf

**Saar Wilf** ɗan ƙanƙara ɗan Isra'ila ne, ɗan kasuwa kuma mai saka hannun jari na mala'ika wanda ya ba da jari don fara kasuwancin. Wilf shine wanda ya kafa *Fraud Sciences Ltd* wanda eBay ya samu ta hanyar PayPal a shekarar 2008.  Wilf kuma shine shugaban Wikiwand, app na wayar hannu da fadada mai binciken gidan yanar gizo don Wikipedia.  Wilf shine co-kafa Trivnet.com kamfanin biya a shekarar 1997 wanda aka sayar wa Gemalto a shekarar 2010.  Shi ne wanda ya kafa sabon tsarin biyan kuɗi Quahl wanda wani masanin tattalin arziki na Amurka Lawrence H. White ya goyi bayan. 
 

## Manazarta
Yuval Wagner

**Yuval Wagner** matukin jirgin yakin sojin kasar Isra'ila ne wanda ya ji rauni a wani hatsarin jirgi mai saukar ungulu a shekarar 1987. Hakan ya sa ya rame aka takura masa da keken guragu. Ya fahimci rashin samun dama ga mutanen da ke da nakasa a cikin Isra'ila, kuma ya fara Access Israel, ƙungiya mai zaman kanta, a cikin shekarar 1999. Yana aiki don samun dama ga mutanen da ke da nakasa. 

## Nasarorin da aka samu
Wagner ya lashe kyautar Globes' Social Entrepreneurial Award a cikin shekarar 2006, da lambar yabo ta Rick Hansen Foundation Difference Maker a shekarar 2011. Ya kuma sami lambar yabo ta Henry Viscardi Achievement Awards da aka ba shugabanni a fannin nakasa. 

## Manazarta
Gidan dabbobi na Sumu

**Gidan Dabbobin Sumu** karamin gidan dabbobi ne wato zoo dake a garin Sumu, karamar hukumar Ganjuwa, jihar Bauchi, Nigeria. An buɗe shi don fara aiki a cikin shekarar alif dubu biyu da shida 2006.  

## Kyauta
 
Bayan buɗe gidan dajin, gwamnatin Namibiya ta ba da gudummawar nau’in namun daji guda ɗari biyu da saba'in da tara 279 ga gwamnatin jihar Bauchi wadanda suka hada da Rakumi gona 10, Jakin Dawa guda hamsin da ukku 53, Eland goma sha huɗu 14, Kadakarwa ashirin da ukku 23, Hartebeest ashirin da ɗaya 21, Oryxs ashirin da ɗaya 21, Kudus ashirin da ɗaya 26, Kudus 526 da kuma ɗari biyar da hamsin da shida 556 na kowa. Impalas  An samo dabbobin daga namun daji daban-daban a Namibiya. Sun tabbatar da cewa Sumu ta aminta da su; gandun daji ne mai katanga da na wasa don haka ya dace da dabbobi sosai. Masu gadin wasan da masu kula da dabbobi.

## Manazarta
Asibitin Tarayya na Azare

**Asibitin Gwamnatin Tarayya (FMC) Azare,** cibiyar kiwon lafiya ce mallakin gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. Asibitin an gina shi ne a cikin garin Azare, karamar hukumar Katagum, jihar Bauchi, Najeriya . An bude cibiyar don fara aiki a shekara ta 2001.  

## Lamuncewa
WACS da kuma NOUN duk sun amince da Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya na Azare. 

## Manazarta
Ma'aikatar Kariyar Muhalli ta Israel

**Ma'aikatar Kariyar Muhalli** (    , *HaMisrad LeHaganat HaSviva* ;    ) ma'aikatar gwamnati ce a Isra'ila . A da an san ta da **Ma’aikatar Muhalli** (    , *HaMisrad LeEikhut HaSviva* ).

Ma'aikatar tana aiki a matakai uku: ƙasa, yanki da yanki: A matakin ƙasa ita ce ke da alhakin tsara haɗaɗɗiyar ƙasa baki ɗaya, da manufofin kare muhalli. A matakin yanki, ta hanyar gundumomi shida, ma'aikatar, da sauransu, tana sa ido kan aiwatar da manufofin muhalli na ƙasa, da aiwatar da tsare-tsaren tsare-tsare na cikin gida, da taimaka wa kananan hukumomi da nauyin da ya rataya a wuyansu na muhalli da kuma kula da su a lokacin da ake tsara abubuwan da ake bukata don samun lasisin kasuwanci. A matakin kananan hukumomi ma'aikatar tana ba da tallafi ga ƙungiyoyin muhalli da ƙungiyoyin garuruwa waɗanda aka kafa a cikin ƙananan hukumomi a duk faɗin ƙasar. 

Canjin yanayi babban yanki ne da ma'aikatar ke gudanar da ayyukanta. Babban manufar ma'aikatar a wannan fannin ita ce rage fitar da hayaƙi mai gurbata muhalli (GHG) daga dukkan tushe na tattalin arzikin Isra'ila. A cigaba da taron UNFCCC da aka yi a birnin Paris a shekarar 2015 ma'aikatar ta jagoranci wani kwamiti na ma'aikatun da suka yi nazari kan matakan rage yawan hayakin GHG a shekarar 2030 tare da tsara dabarun cimma wadannan manufofin. Har ila yau, ma'aikatar ita ce ke da alhakin shirya da mika rahotannin sauyin yanayi na Isra'ila ga hukumar UNFCCC. Ma'aikatar ta mayar da hankali kan ayyukanta kan manufofi da matakan inganta makamashi mai sabuntawa, sauyawa daga kwal zuwa iskar gas a fannin samar da wutar lantarki da kuma inganta aiwatar da matakan inganta makamashi a faɗin tattalin arziƙi.

Ana kiran ɗan aikin sa kai na ma'aikatar "Ne'eman Nikayon", wanda aka fassara a zahiri a matsayin "mai kula da tsafta" amma an kwatanta shi da kyau a matsayin jami'in kare tsabtar sa kai. An tabbatar da su a ƙarƙashin "Dokar kariyar Tsafta ta 1984". Dole ne mai aikin sa kai ya wuce kwas na kwana ɗaya inda suka koyi ƙa'idodin da ke tattare da ikon su na ba da rahoton cin zarafin dokokin Isra'ila. Da zarar an ba da takardar shedar, mai aikin sa kai zai iya rubuta tikiti kan masu keta kuma ya mika su kai tsaye ga ma’aikatar don sarrafa su. A kusan dukkanin lokuta ana ba da tarar mai sauƙi {daga daga 250-8000 sabon shekel na Isra'ila }, amma a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi ana iya aika ƙarar ta atomatik zuwa ga alkali (musamman a cikin shari'ar mai maimaita laifi) don yanke hukunci na musamman.

Ma'aikatar kare muhalli ta biya sufetoci (Pakachim) waɗanda ke aiki a irin wannan matsayi a matsayin mai sa kai na asali, da kuma riƙe ƙarin iko bisa ga dokar Isra'ila.

## Jerin sunayen ministoci
Ministan Kare Muhalli na Isra'ila (    , *Sar LeHaganat HaSviva* ) shi ne shugaban siyasa na ma'aikatar. An ƙirƙiro gidan ne a ranar 22 ga Disambar shekara ta 1988,  kuma har zuwa Mayun shekara ta 2006 an san shi da Ministan Muhalli (    , *Sar LeEikhut HaSviva* ). An taba samun Mataimakin Minista a wani lokaci.

### Mataimakin ministoci

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Ma'aikatar Kare Muhalli
* Duk Ministoci a cikin gidan yanar gizon ma'aikatar muhalli Knesset
Florence Mumba

**Florence Ndepele Mwachande Mumba** (an haife ta a Mazabuka, Zambia a cikin 1948), wanda aka fi sani da **Florence Mumba**, alƙali ce ta Zambiya a Babban Zauren Kotunan Cambodia, wanda kuma aka sani da **Kotun** **Khmer Rouge** ko **Kotun Cambodia.** Ta taba yin aiki a kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa na tsohuwar Yugoslavia, kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa na Rwanda da kuma alkalin kotun koli a Zambia.

## Farkon rayuwa da ilimi

An haife ta a gundumar Mazabuka, a lardin Kudancin Zambiya, a cikin 1948.Ta kammala karatu a Jami'ar Zambiya, Makarantar Shari'a, a 1972, tare da Bachelor of Laws.

## Tarihin aiki a Zambia

A cikin 1973 ta shiga aikin sirri a Zambiya, tana yin wannan aikin har zuwa 1980. A watan Oktoba na wannan shekarar, an nada ta a matsayin mai shari’a a babban kotu a Zambiya, kasancewar ita ce mace ta farko da ta yi hidima a wannan matsayi. Ta wakilci Zambia a taron mata a 1985 da kuma a taron yankin Afirka kan mata a 1994.An nada ta a matsayin mai shigar da kara a 1989, ta kasance, har sai da aka nada ta a Kotun Koli a Zambiya a 1997.

## Tarihin aiki a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya

A cikin 1992, a matsayinta na memba na Hukumar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Matsayin Mata, ta shiga cikin tsara wani kuduri ga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, don shigar da fyade a matsayin laifin yaki a cikin ikon kotunan laifukan yaki. Ta yi aiki a matsayin memba na Hukumar Kula da Ombudsman ta Duniya daga 1992 zuwa 1996.Daga 1994 zuwa 1996, ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar hukumar. Daga 1994 zuwa 2003, ta yi aiki a matsayin kwamishina a hukumar shari'a ta duniya.

A cikin 1997, an zabe ta mai shari'a na Kotun Hukunta Laifukan Kasa da Kasa na tsohuwar Yugoslavia (ICTY), tana aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar Shugabar ICTY daga 1999 zuwa 2001. Daga 2003 zuwa 2005, ta yi aiki a Kotun Daukaka Kara na Kotun Hukunta Laifukan Kasa da Kasa na tsohuwar Yugoslavia da Kotun Hukunta Laifukan Kasa da Kasa na Ruwanda (ICTY/ICTR). A cikin 2009, an nada ta zuwa Babban Zaure a Kotunan Cambodia, na farko a matsayin Alkalin Rikici, kuma daga baya a matsayin alkali na cikakken lokaci na Kotun Koli na ECCC.

A watan Nuwamba 2020, wani kwamitin lauyoyin kasa da kasa karkashin jagorancin Mumba da Philippe Sands sun tsara wata doka ta kasa da kasa da za ta yi la'akari da lalata ecocide, lalata muhalli.

## Manazarta
Teresa Okure

**Teresa Okure** (mai shekara 80) mai bin cocin Katolika ce ta Najeriya. Ita ce ƴar Afirka ta farko da ta zama memba na Society of the Holy Child Jesus. Ita Farfesa ce a mazaunin Sashen Tauhidin Littafi Mai Tsarki, a Cibiyar Katolika ta Yammacin Afirka, Fatakwal, Najeriya. Okure yana koyar da Sabon Alkawari da Harsunan Jinsi, kuma ya koyar a Cibiyar tun 1999. Ta sami Ph.D a Jami'ar Fordham . A cikin 2013, an lura da ita a matsayin ɗan takara mai yiwuwa don nadawa a matsayin mace Cardinal ta Paparoma Francis.

## Ayyuka

* *Hanyar Johannine zuwa Ofishin Jakadancin* (1988)
* *Don Zuba Wuta A Duniya* (2000)

## Magana
Veronica Nnaji

**Veronica Ogechi Nnaji** (An haife ta a ranar 10 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1940), ma'aikaciyar kiwon lafiya ce kuma ƴar siyasa a Najeriya. A shekarar 1979, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin rukuni na farko na mata uku da suka fara zama a kujerar majalisar wakilai na ƙasar Najeriya.

## Kuruciya da Ilimi.
An haifi Nnaji a garin Umuaka a cikin watan Janairun shekarar 1940, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƴaƴa bakwai na manomi Therea Ezendu da 'yar kasuwa Mathias Ezendu.  Ta yi karatu a makarantar Holy Rosary School a tsakanin 1948, zuwa 1955,  bayan haka ta sami horo a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya a Asibitin Our Lady of Lourdes da ke Ihiala daga shekarar 1956, zuwa 1960.  Sannan ta halarci Makarantar Tsabta wato *School of Hygiene* da ke Aba da Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Nsukka, inda ta cancanci zama ma’aikaciyar kula da marasa lafiya a shekarar 1963.  

## Aiki.
Daga baya Nnaji ta yi aiki a Asibitin Amaigbo Joint Hospital da ke Nkwerre tsakanin shekarar 1963, zuwa 1965, bayan ta yi aiki a Gidan marayu da ke Okwelle har zuwa shekara ta 1970.   Ta yi aure a shekara ta 1965, kuma ta haifi 'ya'ya biyar.  A 1974, ta mallaki asibitin. 

## Siyasa.
A zaɓen shekarar 1979, na ƴan majalisu, Nnaji ta kasance ƴar takarar jam'iyyar  Nigerian People's Party a Isu kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin 'yar majalisar wakilai. Tare da Abiola Babatope da Justina Eze, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin mata uku na farko da aka fara zaɓa a majalisar dokoki (An zabi Esther Soyannwo a shekarar 1964, amma ba ta hau kujerar ta ba). Ta yi aiki a majalisa har zuwa 1983.

## Manazarta.
Kemi Nelson

**Olukemi Nelson** (an haife ta ranar 9 ga watan Fabrairun 1956). 'yar siyasan Najeriya ce kuma mai son mu'amala da jama'a.  Ita ce Babbar Darakta ta Asusun Kula da Inshorar Jama'a ta Najeriya (NSTIF). 

## Kuruciya da ilimi
An haifi Nelson a birnin Legas a ranar 9 ga watan Fabrairun 1956 kuma ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Girls na Anglican, Ijebu-Ode inda tayi karatun ta na sakandare. Dangane da karatun ta na jami'a kuwa, ta halarci makarantar koyon aikin jinya a asibitin kwalejin jami’ar Ibadan inda ta cancanci zama ma’aikaciyar jinya/kula da maras lafiya da ungozoma.  Ta samu digirin MBA a fannin hada-hadar kuɗi da difloma a fannin shari’a daga Jami’ar Jihar Legas Ojo.

## Ayyukan siyasa
A cikin 1980s, Nelson ta shiga tsohuwar jam'iyyar National Republican Convention (NRC) a zamanin mulkin Janar Ibrahim Babangida. Ta kasance ‘yar takarar sanata mai wakiltar Legas ta yamma a shekarar 1992 kuma Bola Ahmed Tinubu ya kayar da ita a zaben. 

A shekarar 1998, a lokacin mulkin Janar Abacha, ta tsaya takarar Mazaɓar tarayya ta Ikeja a majalisar dokoki. A wannan karon, a matsayin memba na UNCP. Ita ce ta ci zaben amma mutuwar Janar Abacha ta yasa aka watsar da nasarar. 

A shekarar 1999 ta shiga kungiyar Alliance for Democracy (AD) sannan daga 1999 zuwa 2003 ta rike kwamishinan harkokin mata da rage radadin talauci na jihar Legas a zamanin Bola Ahmed Tinubu kuma ta rike mukamin shugabar mata na reshen jihar Legas. Jam’iyyar All Progressives Congress (APC) kuma daga baya ta zama shugabar matan Kudu maso Yamma a karkashin jam'iyyar APC. 

Ita ce kaɗai mace tilo da ke aiki a Majalisar Shawarar Gwamnan Jihar Legas (GAC). 

Ita ce Babbar Daraktar Ayyuka ta Asusun Tallafawa Inshorar wato, "Operations of the Nigeria Social Insurance Trust Fund" (NSITF) kuma a baya ta shugabanci ma’aikatar habakawa, horarwa da samar da ayyukan yi (Ministry of Establishment, Training and Job Creation).   

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Tana auren Adeyemi Nelson, darekta mai ritaya na ma’aikatar cikin gida ta tarayya. Sun yi aure a shekara ta 1987 kuma sun haifi 'ya'ya uku tare.  An san ta da ƙarancin gashi da take yankewa da kayan kwalliyar gashin ta na musamman. 

## Manazarta
Comfort Doyoe Cudjoe-Ghansah

**Comfort Doyoe Cudjoe-Ghansah** (an haife ta ranar 3 ga watan Nuwamba, 1967). 'yar siyasar Ghana ce kuma 'yar majalisa mai wakiltar mazabar Ada. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Karamar Minista mai kula da cibiyoyi da zamantakewa.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Comfort Doyoe Cudjoe-Ghansah an haife ta a Big Ada, Greater Accra a ranar 3 Nuwamba 1967. Comfort ta sami Diploma a Stenographership daga Royal Academy of Accounting, Accra a 1983. Ta sami takardar shaida a Gidan Rediyo da Talabijin daga Cibiyar Aikin Jarida ta Ghana a 2011.

## Siyasa
Cudjoe-Ghansah ita ce 'yar majalisa mai wakiltar mazabar Ada, kuma tana zaune a kwamitocin kula da jinsi da yara, da kuma harkokin waje. Ita ce Karamar Ministar Gwamnatin Ghana kan Cibiyoyin Jama'a da Allied, wanda Shugaban Ghana John Dramani Mahama ya nada ta a matsayin a cikin Janairu 2013. Ta musanta zargin da aka yi mata a shekarar 2014 na cewa ta baiwa ‘yan majalisar cin hancin kin amincewa da shugaban gundumar da shugaban kasa ya zaba. An share sunanta ne a wani taron gaggawa da aka yi a yankin.

### Takara
Cudjoe-Ghansah ta tsaya takara kuma ta lashe kujerar majalisar dokoki ta National Democratic Congress mai wakiltar mazabar Ada a yankin Greater Accra. Ta lashe wannan kujera a lokacin babban zaben Ghana na 2016. Wasu ‘yan takara uku da suka hada da Kanor Saakey na New Patriotic Party, Asupah Manasseh na National Democratic Party da Daniel Katey Ossah na jam’iyyar Convention People’s Party su ma sun fafata a zaben 2016 na mazabar Ada da aka gudanar a shekarar 2016. Cudjoe-Ghansah ta lashe zaben da samun kuri'u 18,954 daga cikin 23,570 da aka kada, wanda ke wakiltar kashi 80.42 na jimillar kuri'un da aka kada. A cikin 2020, Cudjoe-Ghansah ta ci gaba da rike kujerarta, da kuri'u 27,591, inda ta samu kashi 82.14% na kuri'un da aka jefa wa kujerar Ada a Majalisar.

## Bayan Fage
A karshen wannan shekarar ta gana da jakadan kasar Sin dake Ghana, inda suka tattauna aikin hadin gwiwa kan kiwon lafiya da kyautata rayuwar yara.

A cikin 2016, ta gabatar da kwamfutoci a madadin gwamnati ga shugaban ma'aikatan gwamnati na Ghana, da tebura sama da 500 ga makarantu a mazabarta. A wata karamar biki, ta jaddada mahimmancin ilimi ga 'yan kasar Ghana.

## Iyali
Ita Kirista ce wadda ta yi aure da ‘ya’ya shida. Ta yi magana a wasu abubuwan da suka nemi kawo hadin kan addini a yankin, inda ta yaba da zaman lafiya a Ghana.

## Manazarta
Kubra Noorzai

**Kubra Noorzai** haihuwa shekarar (1932) mutuwa shekarar( 1986) ta kasance'yar siyasan Afganistan ce. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta zama ministar gwamnati a kasar, tana aiki a matsayin Ministar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a tsakanin shekarar alif dari tara da sittin da biyar (1965) zuwa alif dari tara da sittin da tara (1969).

## Tarihin rayuwa

An haifi Noorzai a garin Kabul, daya daga cikin yara tara.Ta yi karatu a ( Lycée Malalaï), kafin ta kammala digiri a Kwalejin Kimiyya a Jami'ar Kabul.Daga baya Noorzai ta koma Lycée Malalaï, inda ta zama shugabar ta kuma daga baya ta jagoranci tsangayar mata a jami'ar Kabul. A shekarar 1958 ta koma Faransa, inda ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Paris na shekara guda. Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai duba makaranta na makarantun 'yan mata,  kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin darekta na Cibiyar Agaji ta Mata a Kabul. Ta kuma zama shugabar kwalejin tattalin arzikin gida.

Daya daga cikin jagororin masu rajin kare hakkin mata a Afganistan, Noorzai na daya daga cikin matan farko da suka daina sanya mayafi a bainar jama'a, bayan Sarauniya Humaira Begum ta ba da misali da fitowa ba tare da nata ba a shekarar (1959).Ta kasance wakiliyar Afghanistan a (UNESCO) da taron Majalisar Mata ta Duniya a Dublin. A cikin shekarar (1964), Sarki Mohammed Zahir Shah ya nada ta a cikin kwamitin ba da shawara wanda ya sake duba daftarin tsarin mulkin a shekarar (1964),  wanda ya bai wa mata 'yancin kada kuri'a da tsayawa zabe.Bayan zaben watan  Agusta-Satumba a shekarar (1965) Firayim Minista Mohammad Hashim Maiwandwal ya nada ta Ministar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a a ranar( 1) ga watan Disamba shekarar (1965), ta zama ministar mata ta farko a Afghanistan.Ta kasance a ofishin har zuwa shekarar (1969).

A matsayin darektar Cibiyar Mata, an zabe ta a Loya Jirga a shekarar (1977) a lokacin mulkin Shugaba Mohammed Daoud Khan.

Ba ta taɓa yin aure ba, ta mutu a gidanta da ke unguwar Kārte Seh a birnin Kabul a shekara ta (1986). 

## Manazarta
Peggy Ovire

**Peggy Ovire Enoho** wanda aka fi sani da Peggy ƴar Najeriya ce, mai shirya fina-finai kuma ƴar wasan kwaikwayo wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ga *“Mafi Alƙawarin Jaruma Na Shekara (Turanci)”* a bugun City People Entertainment Awards 2015.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Ovire ta fito ne daga Ughelli a jihar Delta a Najeriya . An haife ta a cikin dangin ƴaƴa shida wanda ita ce ta ƙarshe da iyayenta suka haifa. An haifi Ovire a jihar Legas inda a halin yanzu ta kasance mafi yawan lokutan rayuwarta. Ovire ya halarci makarantar Itire Nursery da Primary School a Surulere da AUD Secondary School wanda kuma ke cikin Surulere a jihar Legas . Ovire ta kammala karatunta na gaba da sakandare ta yi rajista a Jami’ar Jihar Delta, Abraka amma daga karshe za ta kammala a Jami’ar Ambrose Alli inda ta samu digirin farko na Kimiyya a Bankin da Kudi.

## Sana'a
Ovire kafin ta fara fitowa a masana'antar fina-finan Najeriya Nollywood, ta fara sana'arta a matsayin abin koyi kamar yadda ta bayyana a wata hira da jaridar The Punch print media house.  Ta kuma bayyana fim dinta na farko da Uche Nancy ta shirya.  Aikin fim na Ovire ya fito fili tare da rawar da ta taka a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin mai suna Mazajen Legas . Ovire ta yi ikirarin cewa jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin sun kawo mata shaharar ta kuma ta zama sananne a wajen kasarta ta haihuwa Najeriya. 

## Kyaututtuka da naɗi

* Ovire ya lashe lambar yabo don Mafi Kyawun Jaruma Na Shekara (Turanci) a 2015 City People Entertainment Awards .

## Shirya fim
Ovire tare da kasancewarsa jarumi kuma abin koyi shima furodusan fim ne kuma ya shirya fina-finai kamar su *Ufuoma*, *Fool Me once* da kuma *sauran mata*.

## Fim ɗin da aka zaɓa da jerin talabijin

* *[[A Long Night]]*
* *Royal Switch*
* *Game Changer*
* *Husbands of Lagos* *(TV series)*
* *Playing with Heart*
* *Marry Me Yes or No*
* *The Apple of Discord*
* *Last Engagement*
* *Second Chances*(2014) as Lolade

## Magana

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Peggy Ovire IMDb Page
Nazo Ekezie

**Nazo Ekezie** Jarumar Najeriya ce kuma mai shirya fina-finai wacce cikakken sunanta shine **Chinazorom Ekezie**.  Ta lashe lambar yabo ta 2017 City People Movie Awards (takwas a cikin jerin) don Mafi kyawun Jaruma mai zuwa na Shekara (Turanci).

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Nazo ita ce ta biyu a cikin yara huɗu. Ta yi bikin zagayowar ranar haihuwarta a ranar Ashirin da biyu 22 ga watan  Disamba na kowace shekara.

### Ilimi
Nazo ta yi karatun sakandirenta a Kwalejin Ƴan mata ta Gwamnatin Tarayya da ke Lejja, Nsukka a Jihar Enugu . Ta yi digirin farko a fannin Turanci da Harsuna daga Jami’ar Jihar Ebonyi.

### Sana'a
Nazo ƴar wasan Najeriya ce kuma mai shirya fina-finai wacce ta fara wasan kwaikwayo tsakanin shekarar 2009 zuwa 2010, ta fara fitowa fili ne bayan ta fito a cikin fim ɗin *Thanks for Coming* wanda Uche Nancy ya shirya.

A shekarar 2018, Nazo Ekezie ta fito da nata fim din, *Flawed* She featured a cikin fim ɗin tare da jaruman Nollywood kamar Ebele Okaro, Mofe Duncan, Bolaji Ogunmola, da sauransu. Tana da kamfanin Production wanda aka sani da Unoaku Production Company.

A ranar ashin da shidda  26 ga Nuwamba, shekarar dubu biyu da ashirin 2020, wanda ya kasance ranar haihuwar mawaƙin Najeriya kuma furodusan kiɗa Don Jazzy, Nazo da ƙarfin hali ya tambayi Don Jazzy kwanan wata yayin da yake aika gaisuwar ranar haihuwa ta Instagram. Don Jazzy ya amince da buƙatar a yi kwanan wata da ita.

## Zaɓaɓɓun finafinai

## Yabo
Nazo Ekezie ya lashe lambar yabo ta City People Movie Awards (takwas a cikin jerin) don Best Actress of The Year (Turanci). An gudanar da kyautar ne a ranar 8 ga Oktoba, 2017 a Balmoral Event Center, Oregun, Ikeja, Legas ; kuma jaridar City People Magazine ta gabatar. 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Sunan IMDb
Sheriff Isa

**Sheriff Isa** (an haife shi a ranar 10 Nuwambar shekara ta 1990 a Sokoto, Nigeria ) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya, wanda ya taka leda a Chornomorets Odesa a gasar Premier ta Ukraine .

## Sana'a
Isa kuma ya fara taka leda ne a lokacin da ya koma kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Kano Pillars kafin kakar wasa ta 2009-2010. Ya kasance na yau da kullun kuma ya kasance mai taka rawa a kakar wasa ta farko a gasar Premier ta Najeriya . Sannan ya fara nuna kyakykyawar tarihi a gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya 2010-2011, inda ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasanni 16 na farko na kwallon kafa.  A cikin Yulin shekara ta 2012 ya sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da kulob din Ukrainian FC Olimpik.

Isa ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 17 kuma ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya na FIFA U-17 na 2007 a Koriya ta Kudu . 

## Girmamawa

* FIFA U-17 gasar cin kofin duniya : 2007

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

*
Ahmed Suleiman

**Ahmed Suleiman** (an haife shi ranar 18 ga Agustan shekara ta 1992) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba .

## Aikin kulob
Suleiman ya fara bugawa Vålerenga a ranar 29 ga Afrilun shekara ta 2012 da Brann, sun ci wasan 2-1. A cikin 2013, an ba shi aron zuwa kulob din Ull/Kisa na farko na Norwegian zuwa Yuli 2013. Ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya ta dindindin da Ull/Kisa a watan Agusta 2013 bayan an gama lamunin lamunin sa.

## Ƙididdigar sana'a

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* 
* Ahmed Suleiman at FootballDatabase.eu
Raheem Lawal

**Raheem Adewole Lawal** (an haife shi a ranar 4 ga Mayun shekara ta alif dari tara da casa'in 1990) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ke buga wasan tsakiya .

## Sana'a
Lawal ya buga wasan kwallon kafa a Spain da Turkiyya a Atlético Baleares, Adana Demirspor da Mersin İdmanyurdu .   A ranar 3 ga Fabrairun shekara ta 2014, Lawal ya koma kungiyar Eskişehirspor ta Süper Lig ta Turkiyya, inda ya kulla yarjejeniyar shekara uku da rabi. 

Ya buga wasansa na farko a Najeriya a shekara ta 2012,  kuma ya fito a wasannin neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na FIFA. 

## Manazarta

* Eskişehir'de, Lawal ile yollar ayrıldı , geripas.net, 8 Janairu 2016
* Raheem Lawal ya koma Osmanlispor, goal.com, 13 Janairu 2016
* emaratalyoum.com 3 Oktoba 2018

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

*