Rogers Albritton

**Rogers Garland Albritton** (Agusta 15, 1923 - Mayu 21, 2002) wani masanin falsafa ne ɗan Amurka wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban sashen falsafa na Harvard da UCLA . Ya buga ƙananan takardu (kaɗan daga cikin takardu biyar kawai a rayuwarsa) kuma ya yi wahayi zuwa ga shigar "albritton" (ƙanƙantar "duk an rubuta") a cikin *Littafin Falsafa* wanda Daniel Dennett ya fara (wanda aka ce ya samo asali ne daga barkwancin iyali).   Ƙwarewar Albritton ta haɗa da falsafar da ta daɗe, falsafar tunani, 'yancin zaɓi, shakku, metaphysics da aikin Ludwig Wittgenstein . 

Ana girmama shi sosai a fanninsa, Falsafa PF Strawson ya taɓa bayyana Rogers a matsayin "ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masana falsafa 10 a duniya." Hilary Putnam, tsohon shugaban ƙungiyar Falsafa ta Amurka kuma farfesa a jami'ar Harvard ya ba da labarin: "Mutane da yawa za su yarda, har da ni. Ya kasance na musamman." 

Putnam ya ci gaba da cewa: “Ya ba ni jin daɗin yadda Socrates yake. Socrates bai wallafa littattafai da yawa ba. Kamar Socrates, yana da tasiri sosai ga masana falsafa da yawa.” 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Albritton a Columbus, Ohio ga Errett Cyril Albritton, masanin kimiyyar sinadarai, da kuma Rietta Garland Albritton, ƙwararriyar masaniyar sinadarai. 

An kwantar da shi a Swarthmore yana da shekaru 15 amma ya bar aiki a Rundunar Sojojin Sama a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu . Ya sami digirin BA daga Kwalejin St. John, Annapolis a 1948. Ya koyar na shekara guda a St. John's kuma ya fara koyarwa na cikakken lokaci a Cornell bayan ya kammala shekaru 3 na aikin digiri a Jami'ar Princeton . Ya sami digirin digirgir na uku daga Princeton a 1955 kuma ya ci gaba da koyarwa a Cornell kafin a naɗa shi Harvard a 1956. 

Ya yi aiki a Harvard a shekarar 1960 kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaba daga 1963 zuwa 1970. A shekarar 1968, an zaɓe shi a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka .  A shekarar 1972, ya koma Jami'ar California, Los Angeles, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaba daga 1972 zuwa 1981. A shekarar 1984 ya zama shugaban Sashen Yamma (na Pacific) na Ƙungiyar Falsafa ta Amurka . 

Ya yi ritaya a shekarar 1991  amma ya ci gaba da koyar da darussa a UCLA har zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1990. 

Bayan ya yi fama da cutar emphysema mai tsanani, ya mutu a shekara ta 2002 sakamakon ciwon huhu.  

Game da ƙarancin adadin wallafe-wallafensa, marubucin labarin mutuwarsa na *[[New York Times|jaridar New York Times]]* ya lura: 

"Sha'awar Dr. Albritton na yin tambayoyi game da ƙarshe ya sa ya guji dawwamammen kalmar da aka rubuta."

## Bincike
Albritton ba ya sha'awar falsafar da ta fi shahara kamar ɗabi'a da sauran batutuwa da suka shafi falsafar zamantakewa da siyasa. Babban abin da ya fi mayar da hankali a kai shi ne mayar da hankalinsa ga ilimi, hanyoyin tunani, da inganci a cikin irin waɗannan hanyoyin samun ilimi ko kuma idan ilimin da kansa ya dace. Albritton ya fi sha'awar babban ra'ayin kasancewa, lokaci, sarari, da sauransu. Wannan ya sa ya yanke shawarar mai da hankali kan ilimin metaphysics da ilimin epistemology . 'Yanci da 'yancin zaɓi su ne manyan ginshiƙan falsafarsa. Wannan ya tsara falsafarsa da karatunsa a rayuwarsa. 

### 'Yancin Zaɓe da 'yancin aiki
Jawabin shugaban ƙasa na Albritton a shekarar 1985 ga APA, "'Yancin Nufin Allah da 'Yancin Aiki,"  ya bambanta 'yancin aiki ('yancin yin abin da muke so) daga 'yancin nufin da kansa.

Wannan ba sabon abu ba ne, domin masu goyon bayan juna sun gano 'yancin zaɓi da 'yancin aiki tun lokacin Thomas Hobbes da David Hume .

## Ayyuka

* “Nau'ikan Abubuwa na Musamman a cikin Metaphysics na Aristotle',” *Mujallar Falsafa* 54 (1957): 699–707.
* "Gaskiya ta Yanzu da kuma Matsala ta Gaba," *Falsafa Sharhi* 66 (1957): 29–46.
* “Akan Amfani da Kalmar Wittgenstein ta 'Ma'auni',” *Mujallar Falsafa* 56 (1959): 845–56.
* "Sharhi kan 'Robots: Injina ko Rayuwar da Aka Ƙirƙira ta Hanyar Wuya' ta Hilary Putnam," *Journal of Philosophy* 61 (1964): 691–4.
* "'Yancin Nufin da 'Yancin Aiki," *Takardu da Jawabai na Ƙungiyar Falsafa ta Amurka* . Vol. 59, Lamba ta 2 (Nuwamba, 1985), shafi na 239-251
* “Sharhi kan ‘Mummunan Halin Moore da Ilimin Kai’,” *Nazarin Falsafa* 77 (1995): 229–39.
* "Akan Wani Tsarin Hujja Mai Shakku Daga Yiwuwa." *Matsalolin Falsafa* 21 (2011): 1-24.

## Manazarta