Kabilar basters

**Basters** (wanda aka fi sani da **Baasters**, Rehoboth, ko **Rehoboth Basters**) ƙabilar Afirka ce ta Kudu wacce ta fito daga Cape Coloureds da Nama na asalin Khoisan. Tun daga rabi na biyu na karni na 19, al'ummar Rehoboth Baster sun fi mayar da hankali a tsakiyar Namibia" id="mwGg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Namibia">Namibia, a ciki da kewayen garin Rehoboth. Basters suna da alaƙa da Afrikaner, Cape Coloureds, da Griquas 'Yan Afirka ta Kudu da Namibia, tare da su suna da al'adun Afrikaner da Harshen Afrikaans. Sauran kungiyoyin irin wannan kabilanci, da ke zaune musamman a Arewacin Cape, suma suna kiran kansu da Basters.

Sunan *Baster* ya samo asali ne daga "bastaard", kalmar Dutch don "bastard" ko "mongrel". Duk da yake wasu mutane suna la'akari da wannan kalmar a matsayin wulakanci, Basters sun sake amfani da shi a matsayin sunan al'umma, duk da mummunan ma'anar. Kaptein na 7 shine Jacky Britz, wanda aka zaba a 2021;  ba shi da matsayi na hukuma a karkashin kundin tsarin mulkin Namibia. An maye gurbin Majalisar Cif na Rehoboth da majalisar gari a karkashin sabuwar gwamnati.

45,629 Namibians da aka gano a matsayin Basters a cikin Ƙididdigar 2023.  Rayuwar al'adun Baster da ainihi an kalubalance su a Namibia ta zamani. Siyasa ta zamani ta Namibia da rayuwar jama'a galibi sun mamaye ƙabilar Ovambo da al'adunsu. 'Yan siyasa da masu fafutuka na Baster sun kira manufofin Ovambo masu zalunci ga al'ummarsu.

## Tarihi

### Asalin

Basters galibi mutane ne na zuriyar launin fata waɗanda a wani lokaci za su kasance cikin fararen al'umma. Wannan kalmar ta zo ne don komawa ga ƙungiyar tattalin arziki da al'adu, kuma ta haɗa da yawan mutanen da ba fararen fata ba ne a Cape, waɗanda ke da matsayi mafi girma fiye da 'yan asalin. Wasu daga cikin Basters sun yi aiki a matsayin masu kula da wasu ma'aikata kuma sun kasance ma'aikatan sirri na iyayengijin su. Wani lokaci, ana bi da waɗannan kusan a matsayin dangin fararen fata. Da yawa sun fito ne daga fararen maza, idan ba kai tsaye daga maza a cikin iyalai da suka yi aiki da su ba. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]&#x5B;**&#x5D;

Kungiyar ta kuma hada da Khoi, Free Negro, da mutanen da suka fito daga kabilanci wadanda suka yi nasarar samun dukiya da kafa kansu a matsayin manoma da kansu. Kalmar Orlam (*Oorlam*) Launi lokacin ana amfani da ita ga mutanen da za a iya sani da Baster. Orlams su ne mutanen Khoi da Coloured (haɗe-haɗe) waɗanda ke magana da Yaren mutanen Holland kuma suna yin hanyar rayuwa ta Turai. Wasu Basters sun bambanta kansu daga Coloured, waɗanda suka bayyana a matsayin zuriyar Turawa da Malay ko bayi na Indonesian da aka kawo Afirka ta Kudu.

A farkon karni na 18, Basters sau da yawa suna da gonaki a cikin mulkin mallaka. Koyaya, tare da karuwar gasa don ƙasa da matsin nuna bambancin launin fata, maƙwabtansu fararen fata da gwamnati sun zalunta su. Wasu sun shiga cikin ajiyar bawa mai launi, amma waɗanda ke neman ci gaba da samun 'yancin kai sun koma gefen sulhu. Daga kimanin 1750, Kamiesberge a cikin iyakar arewa maso yammacin mulkin mallaka ya zama babban yanki na mazaunin manoma masu zaman kansu na Baster, wasu daga cikinsu suna da mabiya da abokan ciniki.

### Yin ƙaura zuwa tsakiyar Namibia
Basters sun sanar da niyyar su bar Cape Colony a 1868 don neman ƙasa a cikin arewa. Kimanin iyalai 90 na 100 sun bar yankin, na farko 30 a 1869, tare da wasu masu zuwa. Sun zauna a Namib" id="mwZw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Namibia">Namibia" id="mwZg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Rehoboth, Namibia">Rehoboth a cikin abin da ke yanzu tsakiyar Namibia, a kan tudu mai tsawo tsakanin hamadar Namib da Kalahari. A can sun ci gaba da tattalin arziki wanda ya dogara da kula da garken shanu, tumaki, da awaki. Johann Christian Friedrich Heidmann, mai wa'azi a ƙasashen waje na Rhenish Mission, ya bi su daga 1871 har zuwa lokacin da ya yi ritaya a 1907. 

A shekara ta 1872, Basters ya ƙidaya 333 a Rehoboth .  Sun kafa Free Republic of Rehoboth (Rehoboth Gebiet) kuma sun tsara tutar ƙasa mai rinjaye ta Jamus. Sun karɓi kundin tsarin mulki da aka sani da *Dokokin Uba* (sunan asali a cikin Afrikaans: Vaderlike Wette). Ya ci gaba da gudanar da harkokin cikin gida na al'ummar Baster zuwa karni na 21. Takardar asali ta tsira kuma an adana ta a National Archives of Namibia a Windhoek . 

## Manazarta