Al-Balad, Jeddah

**Al-Balad** (Larabci: البلد) yanki ne na tarihi a Jeddah, birni na biyu mafi girma a Saudiyya. Ana iya fassara Balad a zahiri da "Garin." Balad cibiyar tarihi ce ta birnin Jeddah.

An kafa Al-Balad a karni na 7 kuma a tarihi ya zama cibiyar Jeddah. An ruguje katangar tsaron Al-Balad a shekarun 1940. A cikin shekarun 1970 zuwa 1980, lokacin da Jeddah ta fara samun arziqi sakamakon habar man fetur, da dama daga cikin mutanen Jiddawi sun koma arewa, nesa da Al-Balad, domin ya tuna musu da zamanin da ba su da wadata. Al-Balad ba shi da isasshen filin ajiye motoci na manyan motoci. Shagunan sa ba su sayar da tufafi masu tsada masu tsada ba. Talakawa baƙi sun ƙaura a madadin al'ummar Saudiyya. Gundumar Jeddah ta fara ƙoƙarin adana tarihi a cikin 1970s. A cikin 1991 Municipality na Jeddah ya kafa Jeddah Historical Preservation Society don adana tarihin gine-gine da al'adun Al-Balad. A cikin 2002, an ware dalar Amurka miliyan 4 don jama'ar kiyayewa. A shekara ta 2009, Hukumar Kula da Yawon shakatawa da kayayyakin tarihi ta Saudiyya ta zabi Al-Balad don saka shi cikin jerin abubuwan tarihi na UNESCO, kuma an amince da shi a cikin 2014.

Domin kiyaye tsoffin gine-ginen da ke cikin Al-Balad, an kafa Sashen Kiyaye Tarihi a cikin 1990, tare da fatan taimakawa wajen haɓaka yawon shakatawa na al'adu a cikin ƙasar. Yarima mai jiran gado na Saudiyya, Muhammad bin Salman, ya yi alkawarin dala miliyan 13.33 don dawo da tsohon birnin Jeddah saboda akwai gine-gine 56 da ke bukatar gyara cikin gaggawa.

Yawancin Jeddawis sun ƙaura daga Al-Balad a shekara ta 2007; har yanzu titunan birnin Balad sun cika makil da jama'a a cikin watan Ramadan. A wannan shekarar ne aka kafa kamfanin raya biranen Jeddah domin maido da Al-Balad.

## Matsugunan tarihi
An raba Al-Balad galibi zuwa gundumomi daban-daban:

* Unguwar Al-Mazloum: An sanya wa wannan unguwa sunan Abdulkarim al-Barzanji, wanda gwamnatin Ottoman ta kashe kuma tana yankin arewa maso gabas da ke arewacin titin Al-Alawi, tare da Dar Al-Qabal, Al-Shafi'i. Masallaci da Suk Al-Jama'a.
* Unguwar Al-Sham: Tana a arewacin Al-Balad wanda ya hada da wannan unguwar Dar al-Sarti da Dar al-Zahid.
* Unguwar Al-Yemen: Tana a kudancin Al-Balad kudu da titin Al-Alawi kuma ta samu suna zuwa kasar Yemen, ta hada da Dar Al-Nassif, Dar Al-Jumjum, Dar Al-Shaarawi da Dar Al- Abdul-Samad.
* Unguwar Al-Bahr: Tana yankin kudu maso yammacin Jeddah, tana kallon teku da gidan Dar Al-Radwan, wanda aka fi sani da Radwan na Teku a lokacin.

## Gidajen tarihi
Daga cikin shahararrun kuma tsofaffin gine-gine har zuwa yau akwai gidan Al Nassif da gidan Al Jamjoom da ke unguwar Yemen, gidan Al Baeshen, Masallacin Al Qabal, Masallacin Al Shafi'i da ke Al Mazloum, Dar Al Banaja da gidajen Al Zahed a cikin Al Sham. unguwa. Wasu daga cikin wadannan gine-gine sun haura sama da mita 30. Gine-ginen nasu yana cikin yanayi mai kyau bayan shekaru da yawa.

Tsohon birnin Jeddah gida ne na gine-ginen da suka shafe shekaru 500 da suka wuce wanda a yanzu za a sake gyarawa yayin da yarima mai jiran gado na Saudiyya Muhammad bin Salman ya yi alkawarin ba da kudi dala miliyan 13.3 don gyara gine-gine 56. Ma'aikatar Al'adu za ta aiwatar da aikin maido da shi. Manufar wannan aiki dai ita ce bunkasa al'adun fasaha a kasar Saudiyya.

## Makabartar wadanda ba Musulmi ba
Makabartar wadanda ba musulmi ba (wanda aka fi sani da makabartar kiristoci) tana kan titin King Fahd Branch a garin Al-Balad. An boye makabartar daga bango da manyan bishiyoyi. Kula da wurin aikin ne na karamin ofishin jakadancin kasashen yamma a Jeddah.

Makabartar ta ƙunshi fiye da kaburbura 400, gami da sarcophagus da aka sadaukar ga mai binciken Faransa Charles Huber da dutsen kabari guda ɗaya na Hukumar Kaburbura na Yaƙin Commonwealth ga wani sojan Burtaniya na Yaƙin Duniya na biyu. Anan kuma an binne Cyril Ousman, mataimakin karamin jakadan Burtaniya na Jeddah wanda Yarima Mishari bin Abdulaziz Al Saud ya harbe har lahira. Jana'izar na baya-bayan nan ba kasafai ba ne kuma ba kasafai ake samun su ba, kuma galibin yaran Indiyawa ne da na Philippines.

Makabartar ta wanzu tun karni na 16 lokacin da aka yi amfani da ita don binne mutanen Portugal wadanda suka mutu sakamakon yakin Ottoman-Portuguese. Mai yiyuwa ne Muhammad Ali na Masar ya gina katangar makabartar bayan yakin Ottoman da Saudiyya na shekarun 1810. An lalata makabartar ne bayan yakin Jeddah a shekarar 1925.

## Hotuna

File:Bab_al-Furdah,_old_Jeddah,_Saudi_Arabia_(50703573717).jpg|Bab al-Furdah, Al-Balad, Jeddah
File:Al-Saeedi_bakery_-_old_Jeddah_IMG_20200304_190755.jpg|Wurin Gasa biredi na Al-Saeedi, Al-Balad, Jeddah
File:Diafa_museum_IMG_20200304_172842.jpg|Gidan adana kayan Tarihi na Diafa, Al-Balad, Jeddah
File:Non-Muslims_cemetery,_Jeddah,_founded_in_16th_century_(1)_(50703553397).jpg|Makabartar wadanda ba musulmi ba, An samar da ita ne a karni na 16, Al-Balad, Jeddah
File:Naseef House, Old Jeddah 9.jpg|Gidan Naseef, 2019
File:Market street in old Jedddah, Saudi Arabia, on Friday morning (2) (50703555462).jpg|Titin kasuwa, 2020
File:Market street in old Jeddah with al-Mimar Mosque in the background, Saudi Arabia (1) (50703470911).jpg|Titin kasuwa mai masallaci da gidan hasumiya, 2020.
File:Jeddah - Bait Amir Al Bahr during reconstruction (1).jpg|Bait Amir Al Bahr (Gidan Yariman Teku) yayin sake ginawa, 2020
File:Ruins in Al Balad.JPG|Rushewar Al-Balad
File:Traditional house in Al Balad.JPG|Gidan gargajiya a Al Balad
File:Palace of the King. (4264825911).jpg|Gidan sarauta a Al Balad
File:Al-Balad, Jeddah.jpg|Al-Balad, Jeddah


## himma na "Misk Historic Jeddah"
Biki ne na shekara-shekara da ke gudana a yankin tarihi na Jeddah. Babban makasudin taron dai shi ne bayyana mahimman tarihi da al'adu na AL-Balad. A yayin taron, baƙi suna tafiya ta cikin tsoffin tituna da lunguna. Bugu da ƙari, yunƙurin yana tsara yawancin ayyukan nishaɗi na gargajiya don yara da manya. Kasancewar wani bangare na bukin yawon bude ido na Jeddah 2019, AL-Balad ya dauki nauyin bukukuwa da dama, wadanda aka shirya su karkashin taken "Kanz Al-Balad". Kanz AL-Balad farautar ɓarna ce inda ake tambayar mahalarta su nemo wurare ko abubuwa na musamman. Tare da wasan, mahalarta zasu iya jin daɗin halartar fiye da nunin 41 da wasanni a yankin.

## Manazarta

## Bayanan kula

* Bradley, John R. *Saudi Arabia Exposed: Inside a Kingdom in Crisis*. *Palgrave Macmillan*. 2005.