Lys Gauty

Lys Gauty (an haife ta garin Alice Bonnefoux Gauthier, 2 ga Fabrairu a shekara ta 1900 - 2 ga Janairu 1994) ta kasance mawaƙiya ce, kuma 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Faransa ne. Ayyukanta mafi muhimmanci sun zo ne a cikin shekarun 1930 da 1940 yayin da Gauty ya bayyana a fim, kuma ya rubuta waƙarta da aka fi sani da ita, "Le Chaland qui passe", wanda shine fassarar waƙoƙin Italiyanci.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haife ta ne a Levallois-Perret, Faransa, Gauty 'yar injiniya ce kuma mai sutura. Da yake so ya zama mawaƙan opera, ta yi aiki a matsayin yarinya a shagon da ake kira Galeries Lafayette, ta adana wasu daga cikin kuɗin da ta samu, da kuma ɓangarorin da iyayenta Gauty suka ba ta don karɓar ilimin kiɗa na gargajiya a Nelson Fyscher a Paris. A shekara ta 1922, Gauty ta fara aikinta na kiɗa a matsayin mawaƙa na Cabaret a shirye-shirye daban-daban da mawaƙin opera Georges Van Parys ya shirya, wanda ya bi ta a kan piano. Ta auri wakilin ajiyarta, darektan kiɗa na Switzerland Gaston Groeuer, wanda ya karɓi mallakar gidan wasan kwaikwayo na goma a Brussels, Belgium. A zauren kiɗa, Gauty ta fara nasarar da ta samu a zauren kiɗan Paris, a wasu lokuta tana yin wasan kwaikwayo a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na goma na tsawon shekaru 12.

Ta zama sanannen mutum a cikin dakunan kiɗa kamar Olympia, Empire, Alcazar, da ABC. Gauty ta fara yin rikodi a 1927, ta kirkiro shahararren wasan kwaikwayon da ta fi sani a wannan shekarar - fassarar Faransanci na waƙar soyayya ta Italiya, Parlami d'amore Mariù, wanda aka sake masa suna Le Chaland qui passe .  Da farko a cikin 1930, Gauty ya fara yin rawar gani a cikin sauti na fina-finai, yana raira waƙa don *Ranar Bikin Aure* na Maurice Gleize . Wani sanannen rikodin ya zama waƙar taken fim din René Clair Quatorze juillet a 1933. An kuma gabatar da Le Chaland qui passe a cikin fim din 1934 L'Atalante lokacin da aka sake masa suna bayan waƙar a ƙoƙarin zama sananne a tsakanin jama'a.

Gauty ta sami kyautar Grande Prix du Disque saboda rawar da ta taka a cikin gyaran Faransanci na mawaƙin Jamusanci Kurt Weill na The Threepenny Opera . Bugu da kari, Weill ya ba ta wata sananniyar waƙarta, "La Complainte de la Seine". Lokacin da wani lokaci na adawa da Yahudawa ya bazu a fadin Faransa a tsakiyar shekarun 1930, Gauty na ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kaɗan da suka nuna goyon bayanta ga mutanen Yahudawa ta hanyar raira waƙar "Isra'ila, va-t'en". A shekara ta 1940, bayan yawon shakatawa a Kudancin Amurka, Gauty ya koma Faransa, wanda Nazi Jamus ta ci nasara. A karkashin barazanar korar ta kuma an yi tambaya game da mijinta Bayahude, ita, kamar sauran mawaƙan Faransa da yawa, sun amince da yin wasan kwaikwayo a Jamus a duk lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Kafin ƙarshen yaƙin, Gauty ta tsere zuwa Monaco inda ta yi wasa tare da pianist Léo Ferré, wanda kuma ya rubuta waƙoƙi a gare ta.

Bayan ta dawo Faransa, Gauty ta ci gaba da aikinta na kiɗa na ɗan lokaci. An dauke ta a matsayin "mai haɗin gwiwa" a cikin mulkin Nazi, mambobin Resistance na Faransa sun yi niyya da ita, kuma ta tsira daga yunkurin kisan kai. A shekarunta na baya, Gauty ta mallaki gidan caca a Luchon kuma ta zama malamin waka. Ta mutu a ranar 2 ga Janairun 1994 a Cap d'Ail .  An sake buga waƙoƙinta a cikin kundin tarawa a cikin shekaru, gami da Le Chaland qui passe da Lys Gauty: Succès et raretés . 

## Waƙoƙi
1928

* *Aljanna ta mafarki* (Richepin-Fyscher) 
* Ƙin ƙauna (Sureau-Bellet) 
* Vendetta (Nazelles-Desmoulins-Penso) 
* *Hasumiyar Saint-Jacques*
* *Domin "Na san kai nawa ne"*
* *Ka sani* (Berys-Lenoir-Walter-Ervande) 

1930

* Labarin tsaba mai kyau (Boyer-Archambaud) 
* *Wata mace* (Blemont-Heine-Lazzari) 
* *Amma lokacin da kai ne*
* *Mai jin daɗi*
* *Ka riga ka fara*
* Le Chaland qui passe (1933), (C.A.Bixio-A.de Badet) waƙar da aka kara a cikin fim din L'Atalante (Jean Vigo) wanda aka sake masa suna Le Chaland wanda ke wucewa don taron.

1932

* *[[Valparaiso]]*
* *Wata yarinya ta Vienna*
* *Wani abu mai arziki*
* *Ina son manyan idanunka*
* *Waƙar Barbara* (Kurt Weill-Mauprey) 
* *Budurwar ɗan fashi* (Kurt Weill-Mauprey) 
* *Ƙaunar da ke wucewa*
* *Wanda nake so*
* *Caramba*
* *Ka yi mini wahala sosai*
* *Ka kama ni a hannunka*
* *Ƙaunata*
* *Hasken rana*
* *Idan na kira ku*

1933

* *Ina son manyan idanunka*
* *Masu tuƙi na Surcouf*
* *Piano na inji*
* *Hot Voodoo*
* *Na sami komai kusa da kai*
* *Ina kallon ka barci*
* *Barka da*
* Farawa (Goener-Tranchant) 
* *Ballade na mai yin takalma* (Tranchant) 
* *Abin farin ciki ne nake so*
* *Zuciyata ba ta da nauyi*
* *Da nisa da kai*
* *Gitar guda biyu*
* *Addu'ar talakawa*
* *Ka zo* ko soyayya wani abu ne mai ban sha'awa*Soyayya abu ne mai ban sha'awa*
* A Paris a kowane yanki (Maurice Jaubert-René Clair), waƙar fim din Quatorze Yuli na René Clair inda ta bayyana.

1934

* *Bistro na tashar jiragen ruwa*
* *Rashin amincewa da korafe-korafe*
* *Mafarki na soyayya*
* *Nostalgie*
* *Ba ni da 'yanci*
* *Isra'ila ta tafi*
* *Waƙar ƙungiyar* (Arthur Honegger-Joseph Kessel) 
* Kurt Weill-Maurice Magre (Kurt Weill) 
* *Ba na son ka* (Kurt Weill-Maurice Magre) 
* *Wata maraice a lokacin sanyi... marigayi* (Celerier-Pradier) 
* Ginin da ke cikin ruwa (Badet-Bols) 
* *Maryamu Mai Girma*
* *Soyayya kamar yadda ake magana da ita*
* *A hannunka a hankali*
* *Waƙar ƙafar ƙafar ƙanƙara*
* *Motar mai ba da gawayi*
* *Ni da Sarauniyar*
* *Don ka ina so in yi mafarki*
* *Hawaye*

1935

* *Yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano*
* *Ka so ka gaya mini ina son ka* (Bos) 
* *Kyakkyawan tashar*
* *Ina son ka, shi ne kawai*
* *Mirages*
* *Ranar Bambanci*
* *Wata Lahadi ce mai kyau!*  (Charles Trenet-Groener-Heim) 
* *Tsohon Waƙoƙi*
* *Gaisuwa, tafiya mai kyau*
* *Rashin jituwa*
* *Waƙar mutumin kirki*
* *Gudun Hijira*
* *Ina jiran jirgin ruwa* (Kurt Weill-Jacques Deval) 
* *Sammy na Jamaica* (Goer-Michel Vaucaire) 

1936

* *Fata* (Wal-Berg/Henneve) 
* *A gefen kogin Seine*
* *Na sami farin ciki*
* *Waƙar soyayya*
* *Tabbacin*
* *Colin maillard*
* *Marie-Louise*
* *Manola*

1937

* *Ba kome ba idan ka tafi*
* *Don tunawa da ranar Lahadi*
* *A karkashin alamar haske*
* *Abin tunawa da rawa*
* *Bari mu yi yawo*
* *Hannunka*
* *Kusan babu wani abu*
* *Na yi ban kwana da ban kwana*
* *Ku yi imani da ni*
* *Tattaunawar tango*
* *Jirgin da ya rage*
* *Ba tare da tunani ba*
* *Lokacin mafarki*
* *A cikin kasada*

1938

* *Jinƙai*
* *Kogin Villette* (Goer-Michel Vaucaire) 
* *Akwai soyayya a zuciyata*
* *Wata mace, wata igiya, wata igiyar ruwa*
* *Yau da yamma ko kuma ba a taɓa yin hakan ba*
* *Na yi rantsuwa cewa zan ƙaunace ka har yanzu*
* *Ka tuna da wannan Lahadi*
* *Ka gaya mini dalilin da ya sa? *  (Joseph Kosma-Vaucaire-Groener) da farin ciki ya shiga cikin zuciyata daga fim din La *[[La Goualeuse|Gudaleuse]]* na Fernand Rivers .

1939

* *Wales a ƙauyen*
* *Ƙaunar Ƙananan*
* *Ba za ku iya gani ba?*
* *Ka san wanda nake raira waƙa ga*
* *Roses na rundunar*
* *Kyakkyawan jirgin ruwa*
* Musayar (Mireille-René Dorin) 

1940

* *Ina sauraron ruwan sama*
* *Ga ku, Michina*
* *Ana ɗaukar ni mala'ika ne*
* *Ƙananan duwatsu*
* *Waƙar Nina*
* *Kwango da ke zuwa jana'izar* (Prévert-Kosma) 

1941

* *Shan taba a kan rufin*
* *Komawa*
* *Waƙar da ta kasance*
* *A wannan rana*

1942

* *Addu'a a cikin iska na yamma*
* *Muna zagaya da shi da sauri*
* *Yau, rawa da dare*
* *Addu'a a cikin iska na yamma*
* *Babu wani abu mai yawa*

1943

* Daɗuwar rana (Django Reinhardt-Francis Blanche) 
* *Waƙar da nake rerawa*
* *Waƙar kan titi*
* *Wata maraice a tashar jiragen ruwa*

1944

* *Sakamakon*

1946

* *Rashin mai fashi*
* *Ta hanyar sauraron zuciyata tana raira waƙa*
* *Ƙananan furanni*
* *Waƙar farin ciki*
* *Duniya*
* *Waƙar da ta fi kyau*

1949

* *Ka yi tafiya guda ɗaya*
* *Gidan jirgi na*

1950

* *A cikin kogin Seine*
* *Kamar yadda ake amfani da accordion*

1951

* *Ni ina son hakan*
* *Ƙasar da ta ɓace*
* *Zuciyata tana kuka saboda ku*
* *Akwai soyayya da yawa*

?

* *Tare da itacen aful*
* *Zuciyata an yi ta ne don ka ƙaunace ka*
* *Kashewa*
* *Ka yi mafarki!..*
* *Yarinya*
* *Farin ciki ba mafarki ba ne*
* *Suzon*
* *Harafin shuɗi*

## Bayanan littattafai

* Gianni Lucini, *Luci, lucciole e canzoni sotto il cielo di Parigi - Storie di chanteuses nella Francia del primo Novecento) *, Novara, Segni e Parole, 2014, 160 p. ( ) 

## Manazarta