Sediqeh Dowlatabadi

Sediqeh Dowlatabadi (Persian; 1882 a Isfahan - 30 ga Yuli, 1961 a Tehran) 'yar gwagwarmayar mata ce kuma 'dan jarida ce ta Iran kuma tana daya daga cikin fitattun mutane a cikin gungiyar mata ta Farisa.

A daya daga cikin lokutan da aka kama Dowlatabadi saboda ayyukanta, ta amsa:Sir, an haife ni shekaru ɗari bayan haka, idan an haife na da wuri, da ban bari mata su kunyata su kuma su makale a cikin sarkoki ba.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Dowlatabadi a shekara ta alif dari takwas da tamanin da biyu 1882 a Isfahan. [1] Mahaifinta shi ne Hadi Dolatabadi kuma mahaifiyarta ita ce Khatameh Begum. [2] Mahaifinta lauya ne mai ci gaba da addini kuma ya ba Dolatabadi damar fara karatunta a Farisa da Larabci a Tehran.[1] Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da karatun sakandare a Dar-ol-Fonoun Academy. [1] Tana da shekaru 15, ta auri Etezad al-Hakma, amma sun sake aure saboda Dowlatabadi ba ta da haihuwa.[3]

## Ayyuka

Dowlatabadi ya yi imanin cewa hanya daya tilo don ci gaban mata ita ce ta hanyar iliminsu. A shekara ta 1917, ta kafa dayan makarantun firamare na 'yan mata na farko, wanda ake kira Umm Al- Madaris (Uwar Makarantu).  An rufe makarantar ne bayan adawa daga masu ra'ayin mazan jiya na addini kuma an doke Dowlatabadi kuma an tsare shi na tsawon watanni uku a sakamakon haka.

Don ilimantarwa, ta fahimci cewa mata suna buƙatar labarai da labarai waɗanda ke magance batutuwan su da damuwarsu. Wannan ya kai ta ga kafa jaridar mata ta farko a Isfahan da ake kira *Zaban-e Zanan* a cikin 1919.  Wannan ita ce jaridar mata ta uku da aka buga a Iran, kuma ta gudana har zuwa batutuwa 57 har zuwa 1921. Ya kasance sananne ne saboda matsayinsa na ci gaba da kuma bayyanar labaransa game da hakkin mata. A cikin edita ta farko a ciki ta bayyana cewa takarda tana so ta kalubalanci "rashin hankali da rashin hankali" na hakkin mata a cikin birni. Ta kuma kafa Kungiyar Mata ta Isfahan a wannan lokacin.

Lokacin da aka shirya taron mata na biyu na Gabas a Tehran a 1932, Shams Pahlavi ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabanta kuma Dowlatabadi a matsayin sakatarenta.

Dowlatabadi ya kasance abokin adawar sa hannun Burtaniya a Iran .  Tare da wasu mata masu tunani iri daya, ta nuna adawarta da yarjejeniyar ta hanyar kauracewa kayayyakin da aka shigo da su da zuwa shagunan kofi da kuma ƙarfafa su kada su yi amfani da sukari na kasashen waje.

Daga 1925, an yi muhawara a cikin masu ilimi, jaridu da mujallu na mata a Iran game da bayyanar mata da kuma ko zai iya aiki a matsayin ikon zamani a kasar da kara yawan shiga mata a cikin al'umma. A ƙarshen shekarun 1920 da 1930 akwai jita-jita cewa gwamnati ta shirya gabatar da manufofin bayyanawa na tilas (an gabatar da gyare-gyare, wanda aka sani da Kashf-e hijab, a cikin 1936).  Dowlatabadi ta kasance mai ba da shawara ga bayyanar mata. Koyaya wannan ya haifar da barazanar rayuwarta.

A shekara ta 1926 ta halarci taron International Alliance of Women's Conference a Paris kuma a lokacin da ta dawo ta sa tufafin Turai kuma ta ki sanya mayafi. An yi imanin cewa ita ce mace ta farko da ta yi hakan,  ta bayyana a fili a cikin jama'a a cikin 1928 gaba ɗaya ba tare da an bayyana ta ba.  Wani mai ba da shawara don bayyanawa shine Khadijeh Afzal Vaziri, wanda ya yi kamfen don canji a cikin tufafi tare da Dowlatabadi.  Lokacin da Shah ya haramta mayafin a 1936, Dowlatabadi ta kasance mai goyon bayan sake fasalin, kuma ta shiga cikin sabon kwamitin mata Kanun-e Banuvan (Ladies Society) wanda gwamnati ta kafa. Yarinyar Shah Princess Shams ce ta jagoranci kwamitin don hada kungiyoyin mata da shirya mata don bayyanawa.

A shekara ta 1941, Dowlatabadi ya zama Darakta na Cibiyar Mata, duk da haka kungiyar ba ta da ikon cin gashin kanta - alal misali suna buƙatar izini daga Ma'aikatar Ilimi don shirya bikin tunawa da mawaki Parvin Etesami . 

Dowlatabadi ya mutu a ranar 27 ga watan Agustan 1961 yana da shekaru 80 a Tehran .  Ta yi rashin lafiya da ciwon daji. An binne ta kusa da ɗan'uwanta a Kabari na Imamzadeh Ismail a Zargandeh, duk da haka a lokacin juyin juya halin 1978 kabarinta ya lalace kuma an lalata gawar ta.

## Kyauta

Wasu daga cikin tarihin Dowlatabadi an adana su a Gidauniyar Duniya don Binciken Jama'a a Amsterdam .  An nuna wani ɓangare na wannan tarihin a watan Fabrairun 2016 a wani nune-nunen da ke bayan ƙungiyar mata.

## Manazarta


## Ƙarin karantawa

* *Sediqeh Dowlatabadi: Wasiƙu, rubuce-rubuce da abubuwan tunawa*, ed. ta hanyar Afsaneh Najmabadi & Mahdokht Sanati, 3 vols.  (Midland, Chicago 1998). [a cikin Farisa]
* Jasmin Khosravie, *Zabān-i Zanān - Muryar Mata. * *Rayuwa da Ayyukan Ṣadīqa Daulatābādī (1882-1961) * (EB-Masu bugawa, Berlin 2012). [a cikin Jamusanci]
* Mohammad Hossein Khosroupanah, Manufofin da gwagwarmayar matan Iran daga juyin juya halin kundin tsarin mulki har zuwa daular Pahlavi (Payam-e Emruz, Tehran 2002). [a cikin Farisa]
* Afsaneh Najmabadi, Mata tare da gemu da maza ba tare da gashin kansu ba: Jima'i da damuwa na jima'i na zamani na Iran (Univ. na California Press, Berkeley 2005).
* Eliz Sanasarian, Yunkurin mata a Iran: Motsin rai, sulhu, da zalunci daga 1900 zuwa Khomeini (Praeger, New York 1982).

## Hadin waje

* Sediqeh Dowlatabadi