Yaƙin Doornkop

An yi **Yaƙin Doornkop** a lokacin da  Lord Roberts' ya ci gaba a Pretoria a watan Mayu da Yuni na shekara ta 1900.

## Tarihi
Bayan nasarar da ya samu a kan Boers a yakin Paardeberg, Roberts ya koma babban birnin Johannesburg da Pretoria, yana fatan tilasta Boers su miƙa wuya. A ƙarshen watan Mayu 1900, sojojin Birtaniyya sun kusa  da Johannesburg amma a kan hanyar sojojin sun shimfiɗa Klipriversberg Range mai girma. A tsakiyarsa akwai matsayin Doornkop, wanda Boers suka mamaye da karfi. 

Doornkop wani tudu ne a kan iyakar yammacin Johannesburg, kuma yawancin yankin da ci gaban Birtaniyya ya rufe yanzu shine shimfiɗar bayan gari na Roodepoort da Soweto. Duk da haka, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin Johannesburg domin a nan ne a cikin watan Janairu 1896 aka dakatar da Jameson Raid, kuma bayan shekaru huɗu an yi yakin ƙarshe na miƙa wuya na Johannesburg. 

Ci gaban Roberts a kan Johannesburg ya kasance mai kashi biyu. ginshikan ƙarƙashin Laftanar-Janar na Faransa da Laftanar-Janar Hamilton sun zarce zuwa yammacin Johannesburg, tare da babban runduna a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Manjo-Janar Tucker da Manjo-Janar Pole-Carew suna kan hanyar jirgin ƙasa, zuwa gabashin Johannesburg.

## Yaƙi

A ranar 28 ga watan Mayu, bayan haye kogin Klip, ginshiƙin Faransa ya gamu da juriya ba zato ba tsammani daga wani mummunan tashin bama-bamai daga Boers. An dakatar da ci gabansa na ɗan lokaci kuma ya janye don sake haɗuwa. Hamilton ta wannan matakin, tare da ginshiƙinsa, yana kusa da Faransa, kuma ya matsa gaba zuwa yamma don fara motsi. Tare da ƙarfin sama da 20 000, Birtaniyya tana da bindigogi sama da 30 da ke bama-bamai a matsayin tsaro na Boers. Baya ga manyan bindigoginsu, Boers suna da Long Tom Gun wanda ke aiki a Mafeking. 

A safiyar ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, Faransa ba ta samu ci gaba ba tare da sojojin dawakinsa da kuma hawa dakaru ƙarƙashin ci gaba da harba bindigar Boer. Boer Janar, Ben Viljoen ya rubuta a cikin abubuwan tunawa cewa *"Yanzu Birtaniya sun yi tattaki zuwa Doornkop, ainihin abin da suke kai hari shi ne babban reshen mu na dama. Ƙididdiga na tsaron mu ya kasance mai tsawo kuma ya raunana ta hanyar kawar da wani jikin mutanen da aka aika don dakatar da sauran abokan gaba daga tilasta hanyarmu ta hanyar jirgin ƙasa da kuma yanke hanyarmu zuwa Pretoria."* 

Imperial Yeomanry ya ƙunshi wani ɓangare na sojojin Burtaniya a Doornkop, gami da Bataliya ta 7 wanda ya haɗa da kamfanoni na Dorset Yeomanry da North Somerset Yeomanry. Lokacin da Hamilton ya kasance, Faransa ta janye kuma Hamilton ya fara da cikakken harinsa na gaba a Doornkop tare da brigades guda biyu. Gordon Highlanders sun kasance a gaba. Tare da ci gaban Birtaniya, Boers sun kunna wuta a cikin veld. Tarihin tsarin mulki na Gordon Highlanders ya ce - *"Jagoran bataliyar na 19th Brigade sun kasance Gordon, babu wata dama don zaɓar. Tsawon su da ci gaba da aka gudanar da na'ura kamar na yau da kullum. Ciyawa a gaban su ya ƙone kuma yana konewa, kuma a kan wannan duhu bangon kakhi Figures ya nuna a fili. Boers sun riƙe wuta har sai da harin ya kasance a cikin 800 yards, fiye da 800 na iyakoki. gungunan bindigar da aka tattara ta fashe."* Lachlan Gordon-Duff a cikin tarihinsa ya rubuta cewa,*"... a cikin yadi 400, Boers sun kasance a bayan duwatsu masu yawa kuma sun kone dukan ciyawa. Wuta ta yi nauyi sosai kuma mutane suna faɗuwa kuma kawai abin da za a yi shi ne caji."* 

Ruƙunai biyu na Kanada sun kasance a baya na ɗan lokaci don zana wutar Boer da kuma kawar da hankalin abokan gaba daga motsin da ke gudana a kudancin kogin. Bayan daurewa kimanin sa'o'i uku na mummunar gobarar Boer, Ƙarshen Rifles na Kanada sun yi haye da kogin, ba da daɗewa ba Royal Canadian Dragoons suka biyo baya. Ruƙuni biyu sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a yakin, kuma sun sami raunuka kaɗan. Sojojin dawakai sun yi nasarar kwace wani sabon mashigar kogin zuwa yamma, amma har yanzu ya rage ga sojojin da suka hada da Bataliya ta 2, Rejimenti na Royal Canadian Regiment na Infantry, don ci gaba da kaiwa Doornkop hari.

A matsayin wani ɓangare na harin gaba ɗaya, sojojin Kanada sun matsa gaba a kan wani ɗan ƙaramin tudu da tsayi mai tsayi, a ƙarƙashin wuta gaba ɗaya. Boers sun kunna wuta ga goga kuma a wani ɓangare na nisa sojojin dole ne su bi ta cikin wuta, yayin da hayakin ya sanya kewayawa da sarrafawa da wahala. Ta hanyar amfani da ƙasa da wayo, tare da taimakon ƙwaƙƙwaran goyon bayan sashin bindigogi na bataliyar, mutanen Kanada sun kama manufarsu tare da asarar maza bakwai kacal da suka samu raunuka.

## Bayan haka

Bayanai na Regimental na CIV da na Kanada duka sun ba da rahoton cewa, asarar da Gordon ya yi ta yi yawa, tare da rahoton CIV cewa 12 daga cikin mutanensu sun sami raunuka, kuma mutanen Kanada sun sami raunuka bakwai. Thomas Packenham ya rubuta cewa Gordon ya yi asarar maza 100 a cikin mintuna 10. Tarihi ya rubuta cewa *"An kashe Kyaftin Meyrick da mutane 19, tare da jikkata mutane 78"* . Gordon-Duff ya rubuta cewa *"... matattunmu da waɗanda suka jikkata sun kai 97. Daga baya, 15 ko 16 sun mutu sakamakon raunukan da wasu huɗu ko biyar suka mutu a asibiti."*

Rahotanni a cikin Morning Post a Birtaniya game da yakin, kuma musamman ga Gordon Highlanders (wanda aka danganta da Winston Churchill) sun kasance - *"Ina tsammanin, mafi kyawun aikin da na gani a cikin dukan yakin"*, kuma *"Babu shakka su [Gordons] sune mafi kyawun tsarin mulki a duniya."*

An ba da kyautar Victoria Cross don yaƙin - ga Kofur F. Mackay, saboda bajintar bajinta wajen yin suturar raunukan abokan aiki tare da ɗaukar wani mutum da tazara a ƙarƙashin wuta mai tsanani. 

Birtaniya sun ci gaba da korar Boers daga yankin kuma a ranar 31 ga watan Mayu suka kama suka shiga Johannesburg, sannan Pretoria a ranar 5 ga watan Yuni. Duk da cewa manyan biranen su na ƙarƙashin mulkin ingila ne kuma aka kori gwamnati daga ƙaragar mulki, Boers ɗin da ke filin ba su miƙa wuya ba suka ci gaba da yakar sojojin Burtaniya, inda suka yi yakin  na kusan shekaru biyu.

## Manazarta