Indiya

**Indiya:** (kokuma India) tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen da ke kudancin yankin nahiyar Asiya.

Indiya tana da girma sosai, kuma tana da sahel. Fadin kasar zai kai kimanin dari  bakwai (700) mita sukwaya, Indiya tana da iyaka da kasashe biyar, daga arewa maso yammaci akwai Pakistan, daga arewaci akwai Nepal da Bhutan, daga arewa maso gabas akwai Bangladesh da Myanmar, daga kudu maso yammaci 'yan ƙasashe a tsakiyar ruwa, daga kudu maso gabas akwai kasar Sri Lanka, da Indonesiya.

Indiya ita ce kasa ta biyu mai mafi yawan mutane a duniya, Mutanen ta sun kai adadin kusan (1,147,995,900) kuma  ita ce ta bakwai a girman kasa  cikin duniya, kuma ita ce cibiyar  kasuwanci a tarihince tana da addinai da yawa kamar su (Hindu, Budha, buza, shitano,kiristan, sikhiya da Musulunci da ma wasu addinai), ta kuma samu 'yancinta ne daga Birtaniya a shekara ta (1947) 

## Tarihi:

Masanin falsafa dan kasar Indiya Gautama Buddha ya kafa addinin Buddah a Indiya.

Tarihi ya nuna indiya tana da wasu kayayyaki tun na da can, dakin dabewa ya kara da nuna cewa an samo alamun mutunen farko a Indiya tun a bayan shekara ta (9,000) tun daga karni na biyar kafin haihuwar Annabi Isah sun yi masarautu da yawa kamar masarautar hawariya a arewacin 

Kasar ita ce mafi muhimmanci sarakunanta na farko shi ne Ashoka yana bin addinin bosa, a farkon shekara ta 
Dari da tamanin (180) kafin haihuwar Annabi Isah ikrikawa da bartiyawa suka mamaye Indiya a karni na goma sha uku sai masarautar kwace mulkin. Daga kudanci ma masarautu da yawa suna da rikici , masarautar tashiras tafi karfi kuma a zamaninsu ne kasar Indiya ta samu ingancin Ilimin zane-zane da sauransu.

A zamanin mafiya yawa Musulmai ne suka fara tunani a kan Indiya, a wannan lokaci suka masu daula a gefen kogin sinda suka ajiye dakarun su a Afghanistan sannan suka faɗa Delhi suka masu masarauta a can ita ce masarautar Musulunci ta farko a indiya, a shekara ta dubu  daya da dari uku da hamsin (1350) masarautar taglag ta mamaye rabin kasar, dake kudanci a karni na goma sha shida sarkin masarautar taglag ya haka al'adun addinin hindu da addinin Musulunci da haka ya iya ya hukunta kasar ta indiya.

Tun da turawa suka gane hanyar ruwa ta zuwa Indiya sukai ta shigowa musamman ma mutanen Faransa da na Portugal da na Birtaniya sun sha kama karfe da karfi kuwa yana son ya mamaye wannan kasa, wanda keda yawan arziki sun na son mamaye indiya dan saboda yawan yaki a junan su, amma turawa sun haɗa kawunan su don su sace arzikin kasar a shekara ta dubu daya da dari takwas da hamsin da bakwai 1857 'yan indiya suka yiwa turawa tawaye duk da haka turawa sun samu nasara a kan 'yan tawaye magaye tun daga wannan lokaci Indiya tazama a hannun turawa musamman ma tajmahal, duk dahaka Mahatma Gandhi ya yi kungiya tana neman yancin kasa dahaka turawa suka yi alkawarin zasu basu 'yanci a ranar 8 ga watan Agusta (1949) kuma a ranar ashirin  da shida (26) ga watan Janairu shekarar  dubu daya da dari tara da hamsin (1950) Indiya tazama Jamhuriya. B. R. Ambedkar ya rubuta kundin tsarin mulkin Indiya mai cin gashin kansa, kuma ya kafa tushen dimokuradiyya a Indiya.

Saboda yawancin addinai da yawan  Kabiloli ta samu kanta a cikin yakin basasa a shekara ta dubu  daya da dari  tara da saba'in da biyar (1975) zuwa shekarar  dubu daya da dari tara da saba'in da bakwai (1977) lokacin hukunci Indira Gandhi ta hana fitar dare a wannan lokacin Indiya tazama kasa ce mai bin tsarin dimukuradiya da na jamhuriya.

Indiya ta sha yaki da makutan ta akan iyaka kawa kasar cin a shekara ta (1962) kuma da pakistan har sau hudu a shekara ta (1947), (1964)(1971).

## Tsarin gwamnati:

Indiya tana bin tsarin Jamhuriya demukuratiya gwmna tana rabi gida biyu kawa tsarin Birtaniya shugaba shene yana yi kumai a cikin kasa kuma shine yake taimakawa a tsarin mulkin kasa kuma shine baban habsusin soja tsarin zabe shekara biyar ce ga shugaba Firayim Minista shi ke mulkin kasa ama zaben shi a kungiyar da take mulki ko kuma kungiyar da ta ke kauance da kungiyar da ta ke yawan kujiro , barlaman in su yanada daki biyu baban daki sunan shi rajia (sabaha) karamin daki shi ne na talaka te jeebesh bagchi, a kalichoot ka maa ik gaand chodo.

## Mutane:

 

Indiya; itace ta biyu a duniya a yawan mutane bayan yawan mutanenta sun kai kimanin (1,132,446,000) a shekara ta (2008). Mumbai birni ne mafi muhimmanci a Indiya bayan ita kuma dakwai birane maso muhimmanci kamar Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, ilimi a Indiya yakai 64,8% :- na mata yakai 53,7% na maza 75,3% anfi haihuwar maza fiye da mata, yawan mutanen da suke aiki duk fadin ƙ
Kasar zasu kai 39,1%. Indiya itace ta biyu a duniya a yawan Musulmai bayan Indonesia. Indiya tana da yawan yaruka sun kai (1652) amma yaruka biyu ne gwamnatin take amfani dasu a cikin taro mutanen ƙasar dai sune mafi girma sune yaren Tamil da yaren Sanskrit amma tana da yarurruka talatin da biyu wa'yanda gwamnati ta yarda da dasu a cikin shekarar dubu  daya da dari shida da hamsin da biyu(1652).

## Ad'dinai:

* Hindu kaso tamanin 80%.

* Musulunci 27,4%.

* kiristanci 2,33%.

* sikh 1,84%.

* boza 0,76%.

## Jihohin Indiya
Indiya tanada jihohi ashirin da takwas sune wa'yannan :-

## Yaruka:
Kasar indiya tana daya daga cikin kasashen da suka fi kowanne kasa yawan yaruka, suna da yaran Hindi, Talgu, Tamil Nadu, Marati dadai sauransu.
File:2018 Feb 12 - Snake Charmers in Varanasi India.jpg|Wasu yan indiya a Varnasi masu wasa da macigi.
File:2019 Feb 04 - Kumbh Mela - Folk Musician 1.jpg|Wani tsoho dan Indiya mai kada garaya


## Jinsin Halitta:
A cikin kasar indiya akwai maza da mata, farare da bakake, munana da masu kyau, sai dai mata sunfi maza yawa a cikin Indiya, kuma yawancin matan Indiya kyawawa ne, suna da gashi, kuma suna da san kwalliya.

### Mata:
Mata a Indiya sun kai kashi sittin  da biyar 
 65 cikin yawan yan kasar Indiya.
||Yan mata Indiya a Bikin Balochi
File:Balochi, Pakhton... festival.jpg||Karamar yarinya yar Indiya a bikin Balochi
File:Kavant Fair 07.jpg|Cincirindon mata a lokacin bikin Kavant Fair


### Maza:

A cikin kasar Indiya Maza basu kai mata yawa ba, sannan akwai fararen maza da bakaken maza a cikin kasar na Indiya, musamman mazan yankin Tamil Nadu sun fi kowanne yanki yawan maza bakake.
File:Kavant Fair 125.jpg|Maza a Indiya a lokacin bikin Kavant
File:Kavant Fair 88.jpg|Namiji dan Indiya
File:Kavant Fair 03.jpg| Dan Indiya da zane a fuskan shi a Bikin Kavant 


## Al'adu:
A cikin kasar Indiya akwai al'adu masu yawan gaske, kowacce kabila da addini suna da nasu al'adan, shi yasa duk shekara ake gudanar da bukukuwa daban daban a cikin kasar Indiya.

## Waƙa:

Indiya suna da tarihin gaske a fannin waka, shi yasa ma a lokacin bautar su suke rera wakoki kala daban daban.
File:Kavant Fair 25.jpg|Mai ganga yana bugun ganga
File:Kavant Fair 203.jpg|Suna kida ta hanyan yin rawa a lokaci guda.
File:Culture of province punjab.jpg|Buga ganga a tsaye a al'adar Punjabi


## Rawa:
Matan Indiya sun kware sosai wajen iya lankwatsa a rawa, suna da kima nin sunayen rawa sama da dari biyar 500, kowanne da yanda ake yin sa.. 
|Yan mata suna ruwa na bai ɗaya.
|Yan matan yaran Punjabi kenan suna takan rawa bikin Mutiyar
File:Pakhton dancing lore.jpg|Rawan Pakhton, anayin rawan ne hanyar jefa hannaye sama da kasa
A lokacin da mata a Indiya suka dauki damaran yin rawa, su kan ci kwalliya sosai domin burge 'yan kallo, sannan suna sanya awarwaro, zobe, gwalagwalai da sauran kayan kwalliya.
File:Mamallapuram, Indian Dance Festival, Bharatanatyam dancer (9902519434).jpg|Rawan Baratanatyam
File:Bharatanatyam is a major form of Indian classical dance that originated in the state of Tamil Nadu.jpg
File:Mamallapuram, Indian Dance Festival, Bharatanatyam dancer (9903146713).jpg
File:Mamallapuram, Indian Dance Festival, Bharatanatyam dancers (9902423066).jpg
File:Mamallapuram, Indian Dance Festival, Bharatanatyam dancer (9902464906).jpg|Salan karairaya a rawan Indiya


## Addini:
Yawanci mutanen Indiya masu bautan gumaka ne, suna bauta ma Rama, Sita, Karma, Krishna, dan Budda da wasu da yawa daga cikin gumakan su, suna da gurin bauta mai suna majami'a.

### Kiristanci.

### Musulunci.

### Hindi.
Addinin Hindu shine addini mafi yaduwa na gargajiya a cikin kasan Indiya, kashi 90 cikin dari na adadin mutanen Indiya 'yan addinin Hindu, sun kasance suna bauta ma gumaka, da jinsin da dabbobin da gumakan ke shiga cikin su.
File:2019 Feb 04 - Kumbh Mela - Portrait 14 With Drum.jpg|Malamin majami'a bikin bauta
File:2019 Feb 04 - Kumbh Mela - Portrait 2.jpg|Malamin majami'a
File:2019 Feb 04 - Kumbh Mela - Portrait 3.jpg|Malamin majami'a a siffan Dodon gari.
File:Basanti pujo.jpg|Ababen bauta a Indiya (Gumaka)
File:Durga Dasavuja.jpg|Daya aga cikin gunkin da suke bauta mawa mai suna Durga_Dasavuja. (Mai hannu da yawa)
File:Sikh pilgrim at the Golden Temple (Harmandir Sahib) in Amritsar, India.jpg|Wani mai bauta a wata majami'a mai suna Harmandir Sahib dake cikin Amritsar, Indiya


## Abinci
A cikin garin Indiya kowanne yare suna da kalan abincin su, wasu basa cin nama sai dai 'ya'yan ganye da yayan lambu.
|Matan Punjabi suna dafa abinci
File:Indian vegetarian thali,.jpg|Abinci a kasar indiya
File:Vegetarian thali at an Indian restaurant in Dubai.jpg|Shinkafa da salan dafuwan Indiya
File:Vegetarian Platter.JPG|Gurasa a Indiya
File:Vegetarian Thali 02.jpg| Abincin Indiya 
File:Another Vegetarian Meal.jpg|Abinci a kasar Indiya


## Manazarta