NatureScot

**NatureScot** (Scottish Gaelic) wata hukuma ce ta gwamnati mai zaman kanta wacce ba ta da ma'aikata  ta Gwamnatin Scotland, wacce ke da alhakin gadon dabi'un Scotland, musamman bambancin halitta, kwayoyin halitta da kuma yanayin kasa. Tana ba da shawara ga Gwamnatin Scotland kan kiyaye yanayi, kuma tana aiki a matsayin wakilin gwamnati wajen samar da sunayen kiyayewa, wato wuraren ajiyar yanayi na kasa, wuraren ajiyar yanayi na gida, wuraren shakatawa na kasa, wuraren da ke da sha'awar kimiyya ta musamman (SSSIs), wurare na musamman na kiyayewa, yankunan kariya na musamman da kuma wuraren kyawawan wurare na kasa . Tana samun tallafin kuɗi na shekara-shekara daga Gwamnatin Scotland a cikin nau'in Tallafin Taimako don isar da fifikon gwamnati ga gadon dabi'un Scotland.

NatureScot ita ce mai ba da shawara ga Gwamnatin Scotland kan dukkan fannoni na yanayi, kula da namun daji da kuma shimfidar wuri a Scotland, kuma tana taimaka wa Gwamnatin Scotland wajen cika nauyin da ke kanta a ƙarƙashin dokokin muhalli na EU, musamman dangane da Umarnin Habitats da Umarnin Tsuntsaye .  A halin yanzu hukumar tana da ma'aikata a yankin da ke da mutane 700, amma yawancin ayyukan NatureScot ana gudanar da su ne tare da haɗin gwiwa da wasu, ciki har da hukumomin gida, hukumomin gwamnati, hukumomin kare muhalli na sa kai, ƙungiyoyin al'umma, manoma da manajojin filaye. Ƙungiyar tana da ofisoshi a mafi yawan sassan Scotland, ciki har da manyan tsibirai. NatureScot tana aiki kafada da kafada da Kwamitin Kare Namun daji na Hadin gwiwa (JNCC) da ƙungiyoyi makamantan su na Ingila, Wales, da Arewacin Ireland don tabbatar da tsarin kiyaye namun daji a duk faɗin Burtaniya da kuma cika wajibcin ƙasashen duniya na Burtaniya.

An kafa hukumar a shekarar 1992 a matsayin Gadon Halittar Scotland.  A watan Nuwamba na 2019, an sanar da cewa za ta sake suna zuwa NatureScot,  wani sauyi wanda ya fara aiki a ranar 24 ga Agusta 2020.  Sunan hukumar da aka amince da shi ya ci gaba da kasancewa Gadon Halittar Scotland. 

## Matsayi da nauyi
Manyan manufofin NatureScot kamar yadda aka kafa a cikin Dokar Gadon Halitta ta Halitta (Scotland) ta 1991 sune: 

* Tabbatar da kiyayewa da haɓaka gadon dabi'un Scotland;
* Haɓaka fahimta da kuma sauƙaƙa jin daɗin gadon Scotland;

Don manufar Dokar, an bayyana gadon dabi'ar Scotland a matsayin flora da fauna na Scotland, siffofin ƙasa da na jiki da kyawun halitta da kuma jin daɗinsu. Takamaiman nauyin NatureScot sun haɗa da:

* Ba da shawara ga gwamnatin Scotland kan haɓakawa da aiwatar da manufofi da suka shafi gadon dabi'un Scotland;
* Yaɗa bayanai da shawarwari da suka shafi gadon dabi'un Scotland ga jama'a;
* Gudanar da bincike da kuma ba da umarni kan abubuwan da suka shafi gadon dabi'un Scotland;
* Kafa, kulawa da kuma kula da wuraren da aka keɓe na kiyayewa a Scotland;

### Yankunan da aka kare

NatureScot tana da alhakin isar da sunayen wuraren kiyayewa a Scotland, wato wuraren adana namun daji na ƙasa, wuraren adana namun daji na gida, hanyoyin nesa, wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa, Wuraren da ke da Sha'awar Kimiyya ta Musamman (SSSIs), Wuraren Kariya na Musamman, Wuraren Kariya na Musamman da kuma wuraren kyawawan wurare na ƙasa . Tsarin kiyayewa ya yi daidai da wurare da yawa da aka kiyaye da aka rufe da sunayen wurare da yawa. Jimilla kusan kashi 20% na yankin Scotland yana rufe da wani nau'in sunan yanki mai kariya, inda SSSIs kaɗai ke ɗauke da kashi 13%.

#### Taskar namun daji ta ƙasa
Ma'ajiyar yanayi ta ƙasa (NNRs) yankuna ne na ƙasa ko ruwa da aka keɓe a ƙarƙashin Dokar Namun Daji da Ƙauye ta 1981 don ɗauke da matsugunan zama da nau'ikan halittu masu mahimmanci ga ƙasa. Ƙungiyoyin gwamnati, masu zaman kansu, al'umma ko na sa kai na iya mallakar NNRs amma dole ne a sarrafa su don kiyaye muhimman matsugunan su da nau'ikan halittu, tare da samar da damammaki ga jama'a don jin daɗi da hulɗa da yanayi. A halin yanzu akwai NNRs 43 a Scotland, waɗanda suka mamaye    . 

NatureScot tana da alhakin tsara NNRs a Scotland da kuma kula da kula da su da kuma kula da su. Yawancin NNRs NatureScot ne ke kula da su kai tsaye; duk da haka, wasu ana kula da su ta hanyar, ko kuma tare da haɗin gwiwa da wasu hukumomi, ciki har da National Trust for Scotland (NNRs 7), Forestry and Land Scotland (NNRs 5), RSPB (NNRs 5), Scottish Wildlife Trust (NNR 1), South Lanarkshire Council (NNR 1), da Woodland Trust (NNR 1). 

An kuma sanya dukkan NNRs a Scotland a matsayin Wuraren da ke da Sha'awar Kimiyya ta Musamman. Da yawa kuma suna cikin ɓangaren hanyar sadarwa ta Natura 2000, wacce ta shafi Wuraren Kariya na Musamman da Wuraren Kariya na Musamman . Bugu da ƙari, wasu daga cikin NNRs an sanya su a matsayin Wuraren Ramsar . 

## Manazarta