Proinsias Mac da Bheatha

**Proinsias Mac da Bheatha** (an haife shi **Francis McVeigh**; 16 ga Nuwamba 1910 - 27 ga Nuwamba 1990) ya kasance mai fafutukar yaren Irish kuma marubuci.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Francis McVeigh a ranar 16 ga Nuwamba 1910 a Belfast ga Patrick McVeigh, mai karɓar haraji daga Gilford a County Down, da Mary Gorman, 'yar Jamhuriyar Irish daga Coolaney wanda kakansa ya kasance Fenian.  Francis yana da 'yan'uwa mata biyu. Iyalin sun koma Killough lokacin da yake dan shekara biyar har sai mahaifinsa ya mutu bayan shekara guda, a wannan lokacin aka sanya Francis a hannun kawunsa da kawunsa. Daga baya aka tura shi ya zauna tare da wata kawunsa a Bangor. Bayan wani lokaci ya tafi ya zauna tare da mahaifiyarsa da 'yan uwansa a yankin Falls Road na Belfast. A makaranta ya ji wani malami yana magana game da harshen Irish kuma, duk da kishin kasa na iyalinsa, shi ne karo na farko da ya san wanzuwar harshen.

Iyalinsa sun kalli Yarjejeniyar Anglo-Irish a matsayin cin amana kuma lokacin da aka rushe gidansu a lokacin Belfast Pogrom a 1922, Francis tare da mahaifiyarsa da 'yan uwansa mata biyu sun koma Sandymount a Dublin, inda ya halarci makarantar Kirista a Westland Row kuma ya fara koyon Irish. Ya ci gaba da sha'awar yaren kuma ya shiga Conradh a Gaeilge, rubuce-rubucen Seamus Ó Grianna da Seosamh Mac Grianna musamman sun ba da sha'awa. A shekara ta 1928, yana da shekaru 18, McVeigh ya shiga aikin gwamnati na Irish kuma ya karɓi nau'in yaren Irish na sunansa, Proinsias Mac an Bheatha, bayan ya shiga Hukumar Kwastam da Wasiku a 1932, aikin da zai kasance a ciki har tsawon shekaru arba'in, bayan ya zama Babban Mai tarawa a lokacin da ya yi ritaya a 1975. Ya kai ziyara ta farko zuwa Donegal Gaeltacht a 1936 kafin ya sake yin shekara a Inishmaan.

## Craobh a hAiséirghe
A cikin 1940 Mac an Bheatha ya shiga Craobh na hAiséirghe (ma'ana "Branch of the Resurrection" a cikin Irish), ƙungiyar da aka sadaukar don inganta harshen Irish wanda Gearóid Ó Cuinneagáin ya kirkira, ba tare da sanin Mac an Bheath ba, don manufar inganta fascism a Ireland. A lokacin taron jama'a na farko na Craobh na hAiséirghe a Foster Place a Dublin, Mac an Bheatha ya ba Ó Cuinneagáin hularsa yayin da ƙarshen ya tattara kuɗi daga masu sauraro. Mac an Bheatha ya yi sha'awar jagorancin Ó Cuinneagáin, yana nuna yabo ga ƙudurin Ó Cuinnegáin da tunaninsa daga baya a rayuwa bayan sun fadi, kuma a taron shekara-shekara na farko na kungiyar bai ga wata matsala ba lokacin da Ó Cuinneigáin ya nemi cikakken iko na jagora a kan kungiyar.

Proinsias Mac an Bheatha an sanya shi mai binciken Craobh na hAiséirghe kuma ya wakilce su tare da Gearóid Ó Cuinneagáin a Conradh na Gaelige na 1940 Ard Fheis, kodayake Mac an Bheath ya yi takaici da kungiyar ta baya kuma lokacin da Ó Cuinne agáin ya nemi zaben shugabancin Conradh na Gaellige, Mac an Bheata ya yi iƙirarin a cikin wata kasida ta jarida da ke tallafawa Ó Cuinneigáin cewa zabensa zai zama "hanzarin damar karshe Conradh na Gaeli zai sami sake fasalin kansa". Gearóid Ó Cuinneagáin ya kasa zama zaɓa sau biyu kuma a mayar da martani Craobh na hAiséirghe ya fara kauracewa Conradh na Gaelige.

## Kafawar Glún na Buaidhe
Mac an Beatha da sauran mambobin Craobh na hAiséirghe sun firgita lokacin da, a Whit Weekend 1942, Ó Cuinneagáin ya ba da jawabi yana kira ga gwamnatin kama karya tare da cikakken mai mulki guda ɗaya kuma ya sanar da kafa sabuwar ƙungiyar siyasa, Ailtirí na hAisedirghe don yin aiki tare da Craobh na ሀiséirghe kamar yadda Sinn Féin da Conradh na Gaelige suka riga sun kasance. Kodayake yana fatan cewa Jamus za ta yi nasara a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu,  Mac an Bheatha ya yi adawa da ra'ayin mulkin kama-karya a Ireland kuma ya nace wa Ó Cuinneagáin cewa hotunan da aka dauka daga gare shi don littafin shekara na Craobh na hAiséirghe bai kamata a yi amfani da su ba don nuna cewa an haɗa shi da Ailtirí na hAisedirghe. 

Rashin jituwa tsakanin Mac an Bheatha da Ó Cuinneagain ya ci gaba lokacin da aka buga littafin shekara, *Aishirghe 1942*, saboda an sadaukar da shi ne kawai ga ra'ayoyin siyasa na baya kuma yana dauke da hoto na Mac an Bheath da Ó Cuinnaagáin tsaye a kan tutar Aiséirghe, yana ba da ra'ayi na ƙarya cewa Mac an Bheathe ya amince da ajandar Ó Cuinneagáin. Bayan watanni na rikice-rikice an amince da raba kungiyoyin biyu a wani taro a ranar 6 ga Nuwamba 1942, kuma an zabi Mac an Bheatha don jagorantar Craobh na hAiséirghe mai zaman kansa yanzu. A watan da ya biyo baya kungiyar ta sake ba da kanta suna Glún na Buaidhe ("Zamani na Nasara") kuma ta amince da ɗaukar bashin Craobh na hAiséirghe, neman kauce wa jayayya game da kudade da za su iya hana ƙarfin kungiyar.

## Manazarta