Sayyida Nafisa

**Sayyida Nafisa** (d.208 AH / 830CE), cikakken suna *As-Sayyidah Nafisah bint Amīr al-Mu'minīn Al-hasan al-Anwar ibn Zayd al-Ablaj ibn [[Alhasan ɗan Ali|Al-Hasan]] ibn [[Aliyu Ibn Abi ɗalib|Ali]] ibn Abi Talib al-Alawiyyah* (), mace ce daga zuriyar annabin musulunci Muhammad,kuma malamace kuma malamar addinin musulunci ce. Bayan karantar da Imaman Sunna Muhammad bn Idris ash-Shafi'i, ita ce fitacciyar malamar *[[hadisi]]* a kasar Masar.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife ta a Makka a cikin shekara ta 762CE,ga Al-Hasan al-Anwar dan Zaid al-Ablaj,dan Al-Hasan jikan Muhammad.Ta yi rayuwarta ta ƙarshe a Alkahira,a can ne wani masallaci mai ɗauke da sunanta.

### Aure da sana'a
Ta auri Is-ḥāq al-Muʾtamin (  ), dan Ja'afar al-Sadik, shi kansa zuriyar Muhammadu. Ta yi hijira tare da shi daga Hijaz zuwa Masar.Ta haifi 'ya'ya biyu,ɗa mai suna 'Qāsim' da 'ya mace mai suna 'Umm Kulthum'.

Dalibanta sun fito daga wurare masu nisa,daga cikinsu akwai Al-Shafi'i,mutumin da ke bayan mazhabar Shafi'iyya ta fiqhu Sunna.Ta kudi ta dauki nauyin karatunsa. Ibn Kathir a cikin *al-Bidayah wa al-nihayah* ya ruwaito game da ita cewa:

### Tasiri akan Imam Shafi'i
Imam Shafi'i ya kasance dalibin wani babban limamin *[[Fiƙihu|Fiqhu,]]* na Sunna,Malik bn Anas wanda dalibin Imam Ja'afar ne,kamar Imam Abu Hanifah.An ce Shafi’i bayan ya zo birnin Alkahira ya kira Nafisa ya ji hadisai daga gare ta,kuma ba zai yiwu ba ya kasance ba shi da tasirin ilimi da dabi’ar Nafisa, tunda ya kasance.bako mai yawan zuwa gidanta, mai sauraron karatunta a masallacinta,kuma kamar yadda malaman tarihi suka ruwaito,ya nemi addu'arta (  ) da neman albarka (  ) daga gare ta.

Lokacin da Al-Shafi'i ya ji rashin lafiya kuma daga baya ya ji mutuwa na gabatowa, nan da nan ya rubuta wasiyyar inda ya ambata cewa ana son Nafisa ta karanta sallar jana'iza( )Bayan rasuwar liman ne aka kai gawarsa gidanta,ta yi sallah a kai.An ba da rahoton cewa ba zai iya zama"ba tare da shahararta, da girmamawa a tsakanin mutane ba." 

### Hanyar rayuwa da abubuwan al'ajabi
Rahotanni sun bayyana cewa Nafisa ta kasance ta na rayuwa mai cike da ban tsoro.Zainab ‘yar yayarta ta shaida cewa Antinta tana ci sau daya a kwana uku,sannan ta ajiye mata kwando babu kowa,duk lokacin da take son ci kadan sai ta sa hannu ta samu wani abu daga Allah.Da yanayin rayuwar Sayyida Nafisa ta burge Zainab,sai ta tambayi innarta:"Dole ki kula da kanki."A kan haka, ta amsa da cewa,"Yaya zan kula da kaina kafin in isa Ubangijina?A gabana akwai shingaye da yawa waɗanda babu mai iya hayewa sai waɗanda suka rabauta ( *al- fāʾizūn*, ." 

Sama da mu'ujiza 150 ne ake danganta Nafisa a tsawon rayuwarta da bayan rasuwarta.Bayan ta sauka a birnin Alkahira,sai ga wani abin al'ajabi na warkar da gurguwar 'yar wani dangi da ba musulmi ba. Wata rana aka bar ’yar a gidan Nafisa,mahaifiyarta ta je kasuwa.Lokacin da Nafisa tayi alwala kafin sallah sai wasu digo-digo na ruwa suka taba yarinyar nan ta fara motsi.Lokacin da Nafisa na cikin sallah sai ‘yar ta miqe ta ruga da gudu ta nufi wajen uwar da ke zuwa,ta girgiza da murna a lokaci guda.Bayan wannan mu'ujiza,dukan iyali da sauran makwabta sun karbi Musulunci.

Bayan mutuwarta,hatsari daya ya faru. Wasu barayi sun shiga masallacinta suka dauki fitulun azurfa goma sha shida.Suna so su tsere nan take amma sun kasa gano kofofin.An kama su kamar suna cikin keji.Washe gari aka same su aka saka su a kurkuku.

### Legacy
Tsoronta ya shahara ta yadda mutane daga nesa da kusa suke zuwa neman albarkarta;Hagiographers sun ba da labarin shawarar da ta yanke na barin Masar saboda tarin jama'a da suka zo neman albarkar *[[Ahl al-Bayt|Ahlul-Baiti]]* ("Mutanen Ahlin gidan (Muhammad)"),inda suka bar lokacin sallah kadan. Sai dai rokon da gwamnan Masar, As-Sirri bn al-Hakam,da jama'a suka yi na kada ta bar Masar,ya gamsar da ita ta zauna.An bayar da bayanai da dama na mu’ujizar da ta yi wa wadanda suka nemi taimakonta kai tsaye ko kuma ta hanyar addu’a, kamar warkar da yaro makaho,shiga tsakani a lokacin da kogin Nilu bai tashi sama da shekara guda ba kamar yadda ake tsammani, da hana jirgin ruwa nutsewa, da taimakon wata mata matalauci da ta samu.ta kashe rayuwarta tana jujjuya ulu don tallafawa danginta,'yantar da fursuna ta wurin cetonta,da ganin mutane cikin wahalarsu. 

Sayyidah Nafisah, Sayyidah Ruqayyah da Sayyidah Zaynab bint Ali a al'adance su ne majibincin waliyyai na *madina* (  , birnin) Alkahira. Bugu da kari,wannan yana daya daga cikin mashahurai biyar da aka dauki nauyin 'yan uwan annabi mata a zamanin khalifancin Fatimi.Sauran wuraren ibada guda hudu sun kebanta da Sayyid Ruqayya,da Sayyida Zainab, da Ummu Kulthum, da Atika. 

## Nassoshi