Seghatoleslam

***Seghatoleslam*** ( Farisa : ثقت الاسلام) kuma an rubuta shi da ***Seqat-ol-Eslam***, ko ***Thiqat ul-Islam***, lakabi ne mai daraja a cikin malaman Shi'a na Sha Biyu . A tarihi, yana nufin malami wanda ya kammala wani matakin ilimin addini amma bai kai matsayin mafi girma a cikin tsarin addini ba, wanda aka sani da *Ayatollah* .  A baya-bayan nan, yawanci ana ba shi ga mutanen da suka kammala matakin makarantar Islamiyya na 1 da 2, suna samun digiri a fannin shari'ar Musulunci ( Fiqh ) da tauhidi ( Usul al-Din ).  Lakabin kuma yana nufin mutum amintacce wanda Musulmai ke girmamawa, yana nuna wani matakin ilimin makarantar hauza.  

## Asalin Ma'anar
Kalmar  ( Persian  , Arabic     an samo shi ne daga kalmomi biyu na Larabci: *thiqa* (  ), ma'ana amintacce, da kuma *[[Musulunci|Islām]]* (  ). Saboda haka, ana iya fassara taken a matsayin *Amintaccen Musulunci* .   

A cikin Usulism, wani reshe na kimanta tarihin rayuwar Musulunci, akwai bayar da fatawa da aka yarda da ita kawai ta hanyar amincewa da kalmomin masu ba da labari na gaskiya, kuma *Seghatoleslam* ya naɗa masu ba da labari waɗanda aka tabbatar da adalci da amincinsu a fili. 

## Seghatoleslam a matsayin lakabin addini
A cikin addinin Shi'a, a tarihi ana kallon  a matsayin wani abu da ya riga ya zama babban matsayi na *Ayatollah ,*  saboda samun matsayin Ayatollah yana buƙatar ƙarin shekaru na karatu da bincike fiye da digirin  . 

Duk da cewa mafi yawan al'ummar Iran Musulmai ne na Shi'a, amfani da sunan  ba ya yaɗu a Iran. Duk da haka, ana amfani da shi a wasu ƙasashe masu yawan al'ummar Musulmin Shi'a, kamar Iraki .  

Amfani da lakabin addini a Musuluncin Shi'a ba iri ɗaya ba ne, kuma akwai bambance-bambance a yadda ake amfani da waɗannan lakabi da fahimtar su a cikin yanayi daban-daban. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

An fara amfani da lakabin  ga Muhammad ibn Yaqub al-Kulayni (864 -941),   mawallafin al-Kaafi . A cewar , "An san al-Kulayni da  a zamaninsa". 

### Bambanci tsakanin laƙabin Ayatollah, Hujjatoleslam, da Seghatoleslam
Tsarin fahimtar lakabi ga malaman addinin Shi'a a Iran ya canza a tsawon lokaci. *Seghatoleslam*, wanda a da ake amfani da shi ga ɗalibai a matakin farko, a da shine taken manyan malamai.  Wasu lakabi, kamar *Babban Ayatollah*, sun zama ruwan dare kuma ana amfani da su ne kawai ga Maraji, ma'ana malaman addini waɗanda suke nuni ga wasu. A lokuta daban-daban, ana amfani da taken *Akhund* ga manyan malamai kamar *Akhund Molla Mohammad Kazim Khurasani* ko *Akhund Molla Mohammad Baqer Majlesi* .  Waɗannan lakabi a makarantun hauza na gargajiya ne, ba tare da wata hukuma ta musamman da ta ba su ba. 

A da, *Seghatoleslam* ya yi magana game da malamai a mataki na 1 da na 2.  A halin yanzu, babban manufar darussa na mataki na 1 da na 2 shine koyar da adabin Larabci, gami da nahawu, ma'anoni, da balaga . Dalibai kuma sun saba da darussa na asali kamar Manhaja da Shari'a, galibi daga littattafai kamar Jame-ol Moghaddamat,  al-Mughni, da Suyuti . 

Tsawon lokacin da ake koyarwa yawanci yana ɗaukar shekaru uku don darasin adabin Larabci, tare da ƙarin shekaru uku don darussan Manhaja da Fikihu . 

A zamanin da, *Seghatoleslam* lakabi ne da ake bai wa manyan malamai, kamar Sheikh Muhammad ibn Yaqub al-Kulayni ko Sheikh al-Saduq .   Duk da haka, wannan lakabi ba a amfani da shi a makarantun hauza a Iran a yanzu. 

 yana nufin ɗalibai a mataki na 3. A wannan matakin, littattafai kamar Mo'alem al-Usul  ko Usul al-Istinbat,  Al-Mujaz,  Usul al-Fiqh Muzafar,  Rasa'il,  da Kafiya tol-Usul  galibi ana koyar da su. Bugu da ƙari, littattafan Fikihu kamar Sharh Lom-e  da Makaseb suna cikin manhajar karatu. 

Tsawon lokacin da ake koyarwa yawanci yana ɗaukar shekaru huɗu. 

Da zarar sun shiga mataki na gaba (mataki na 4) kuma suka isa matakin kharej (darussan ci gaba na makarantar hauza ), ana ba wa ɗalibai laƙabin *Hujjatoleslam Wal-Muslimin.* Wannan matakin ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mafi girman kwas na makarantar hauza, da nufin samar da mujtahidai a fannonin fikihu na Musulunci ( Fiqh ) ko tauhidi ( Usul al-Din ). Manufar ita ce haɓaka ikon samo hukunce-hukunce daga tushe na asali [littattafai  (ilimin Alƙur'ani ), Sunnah, hikima, da ittifaki ]. Wannan matakin yawanci ba ya dogara ne akan takamaiman littattafan karatu amma an tsara shi ne bisa ga isassun ƙa'idodi a cikin Fikihu da Jawaher al-Kalam,  Tahrir al-Wasila, da Urwa tol-Wosgha  a cikin Fikihu . Ainihin kwas ne mai mayar da hankali kan bincike. 

Darasin da ake koyarwa a wannan matakin yawanci yana ɗaukar akalla shekaru huɗu. 

A da, ana amfani da taken *Hujjatoleslam Wal-Muslemin* ga Maraji, kamar Risalah na marigayi Ayatollah Hossein Borujerdi wanda aka buga a ƙarƙashin taken *Hujjatoleslam Wal-Muslemin Hossein Borujerdi*, ko kuma, misali, Muhammad al-Ghazali, yana da wannan taken a baya.  Duk da haka, a yau waɗannan taken suna da ma'ana daban.

## manazarta