Margaret Hodge

**Margaret Eve Hodge, Baroness Hodge na Barking** DBE PC (née Oppenheimer, tsohon **Watson**; an haife ta 8 Satumba 1944), 'yar siyasa ce ta Burtaniya kuma ta Rayuwa, wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin memba na majalisar (MP) na Barking daga 1994 zuwa 2024. Wani memba na Jam'iyyar Labour, a baya ta kasance Shugaba na Islington London Borough Council daga 1982 zuwa 1992. Ta rike mukamai da yawa na ministoci kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar Kwamitin Asusun Jama'a daga 2010 zuwa 2015. 

Hodge 'yar co-kafa kamfanin ƙarfe na Stemcor ce. Ta kasance majalisa a Majalisar Islington daga 1973 zuwa 1994, ta kasance shugabar Kwamitin Gidaje, sannan kuma Shugabar Majalisar daga 1982 zuwa 1992. Hodge daga baya ya nemi gafara saboda rashin tabbatar da cewa an yi bincike sosai game da zargin cin zarafin yara a gidajen da majalisa ke gudanarwa da kuma zargin mai shigar da kara.

An zabi Hodge a majalisa a Zaben 1994. An nada ta a matsayin Ministan Ƙananan Jama'a a shekarar 1998 kuma an inganta ta zuwa Ministan Jami'o'i a shekara ta 2001, daga baya ta zama Ministan Yara na farko a shekara ta 2003, ta shiga Majalisar Privy. A shekara ta 2005, Hodge ya zama Ministan Jiha na Ayyuka. Hodge ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Jiha na Al'adu da Yawon Bude Ido daga 2007 zuwa 2008 da 2009 har sai da aka ci Labour a Babban zaben 2010.  Hodge ya kasance a matsayin dan majalisa na baya na Barking har zuwa 2024. An ba ta lambar yabo ta rayuwa a cikin girmamawa ta rushewa ta 2024 ta zama a cikin House of Lords a watan Satumbar 2024.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Hodge a ranar 8 ga Satumba 1944 a Alexandria, Misira, ga iyayen 'yan gudun hijira Yahudawa  Hans Oppenheimer, da matarsa Lisbeth (née Hollitscher).  Hans Oppenheimer ya bar Stuttgart a Jamus a cikin shekarun 1930 don shiga Kasuwancin ƙarfe na kawunsa da ke Alkahira da Alexandria, inda ya sadu da ɗan'uwansa mai ƙaura, Lisbeth Hollitscher wanda aka haifa a Austria. Sun yi aure a 1936, Hans da Lisbeth suna da 'ya'ya biyar.

A farkon yakin duniya na biyu, ma'auratan da 'yarsu ta fari sun zama marasa kasa, yadda ya kamata a cikin Masarautar Masar a lokacin yakin. Sun yanke shawarar barin Masar a 1948, suna damuwa da cewa adawa da Yahudawa ya karu a Gabas ta Tsakiya a lokacin yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na 1948. Iyalin sun koma Orpington, Kent (Greater London na yanzu), inda suka fara kamfanin Kasuwanci ƙarfe na iyali, Stemcor .  Yanzu yana daya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin ƙarfe masu zaman kansu a duniya, tare da jujjuyawar shekara-shekara sama da £ biliyan 6 a cikin 2011.  Hodge babban Mai hannun jari ne, yana lissafin abubuwan da take da su a cikin Registry of Members' Interests .  Stemcor ta kasance karkashin jagorancin dan uwanta, Ralph, har zuwa watan Satumbar 2013.

Lokacin da Hodge ke da shekaru 10, a shekara ta 1954, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga Ciwon daji na ciki. Hodge ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Bromley, sannan makarantar sakandare ce ta Oxford a matsayin mai shiga gida. Ta ci gaba da karatu a Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta London, ta kammala karatu a 1966 tare da digiri na uku a karatun gwamnati.  Bayan ta yi aiki a takaice a shirye-shiryen siyasa na talabijin, ta fara, amma ba ta kammala ba, digiri na biyu a falsafar a Kwalejin Bedford, London.

Hodge ya goyi bayan CND Aldermaston Marches da zanga-zangar kan yakin Vietnam.

## Farkon aiki
Daga 1966 zuwa 1971, Hodge ya yi aiki a Binciken kasuwa a Unilever, kuma a PR a Weber Shandwick .  Daga 1992 zuwa 1994, ta kasance babban mai ba da shawara a Price Waterhouse . 

## Majalisar Islington
An fara zabar Hodge a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga London Borough of Islington a wani zabe a 1973, wakiltar yankin Barnsbury. Ta zama shugabar Kwamitin Gidaje a shekara ta 1975. Wannan muhimmiyar matsayi ce a cikin hukuma wacce ke da ɗayan mafi munin ƙididdigar gidaje a Landan a lokacin da ake buƙatar Yankunan Landan su zama masu samar da gidaje da manajoji. Lokacin Hodge a matsayin Shugaban Gidaje ya kula da ci gaba da babban sabon shirin gidaje. An sami canji na girmamawa ga gyaran tsofaffin gine-gine (*misali* Charteris Road, yankunan Alexander Road), don mayar da martani ga takarda da Islington Housing Action Group ta buga.

Bayan Labour ta lashe dukkan kujerun majalisa sai dai daya daga cikin kujerun majalisar a zaben majalisa na 1982 a kan wata takarda mai karfi ta hagu, Hodge ta zama Shugaban Majalisar, mukamin da ta rike har zuwa 1992. A shekara ta 1984 Hodge ya kasance shugaban jama'a na Islington wanda ya shiga cikin tawaye mai yawa ga tilasta wa gwamnatin Conservative takunkumin kashe kudi a kan majalisun, ba tare da sanya kudi ba.  Kamar yadda yake tare da sauran majalisun, Mai binciken gundumar ya umarci Islington da ya saita ƙimar doka, wanda ya bi sa'o'i kafin ƙayyadadden lokaci. Hodge da majalisa galibi ana nuna su a matsayin wani ɓangare na "leƙon hagu" ta wasu jaridu.   A shekara ta 1994 an dakatar da Hodge a matsayin wakilin majalisa bayan ba ta halarci taron majalisa ba sama da watanni shida; Hodge ta bayyana cewa ba ta aiki ba saboda girmama sabon shugabancin majalisa.

Hodge ya auri Andrew Watson a shekara ta 1968; ma'auratan suna da ɗa ɗaya da 'yar, Lizzi Watson, ɗan jaridar BBC. Sun sake aure a shekara ta 1978 kuma a wannan shekarar ta auri Henry Hodge (daga baya Sir Henry), wanda ta haifi 'ya'ya mata biyu. Ya kasance lauya wanda aka nada shi a matsayin Alkalin Kotun Koli a shekara ta 2004. Ya mutu a shekara ta 2009.

## Amfani da mafakar haraji ta waje
A cikin 2015 akwai babbar gardama game da amfanin ta, har zuwa fam miliyan 1.5, daga kadarorin da aka dawo da su daga amincin iyali na Liechtenstein a cikin 2011 ta amfani da kayan aikin bayyana Liechtenstein, wanda ya rage hukunci kuma ya cire haɗarin gurfanar da Britons ke motsa kadarorin da ba a bayyana su ba zuwa Burtaniya. Rufewar ta mayar da hankali kan munafunci a cikin la'akari da amfani da wuraren haraji. Jaridar Times ta ruwaito cewa kashi 75% na hannun jari a cikin amincewar iyali an riga an gudanar da shi a Panama, wanda Hodge ya soki shi a baya saboda sirrin kudi da amfani da shi azaman wurin haraji. Hodge ta fitar da wata sanarwa cewa koyaushe tana bayyana cikakken hannun jari, ba ta taɓa samun rawar gudanarwa a cikin kamfanin ba, kuma ta sami tabbacin cewa kamfanin koyaushe yana biyan harajin da ya dace.

## Daraja
An nada Hodge a matsayin memba na Order of the British Empire (MBE) a cikin girmamawar ranar haihuwar 1978 yayin da yake memba na Majalisar Islington .  An ci gaba da ita zuwa Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) a cikin 2015 Dissolution Honours don aikin siyasa.

## Manazarta