Yanayin yanayi na Kamaru

**Sauyin yanayi na Kamaru** ya bambanta sosai. Kamaru galibi ana kiranta *Afirka a cikin ƙarami* saboda tana da manyan yanayi da ciyayi na nahiyar. Kasar ta rabu zuwa manyan yankuna biyu na yanayi: yanayin equatorial a kudu da yanayin zafi a arewacin.

## Nau'o'in yanayi

### Yanayin yanayi na equatorial
Yankin equatorial a Kamaru ya shimfiɗa daga 2 zuwa 5 ° N, yana rufe kudanci da yammacin dutse na ƙasar. Yankin equatorial yana da yanayi 4 2 bushe da 2 rigar. Yankin equatorial Ana nuna shi da ruwan sama mai yawa (fiye da 1,000 mm na ruwan sama a kowace shekara) kuma musamman ta hanyar rashin lokacin fari: muna magana a nan game da "lokacin fari" don lokutan lokacin da ruwan sama ya ragu (Disamba-Janairu, sannan Yuli-Agusta, tare da bambancin gida). Yanayin yana da danshi a duk shekara: Yawan zafin jiki ya kasance daga 20 zuwa 25 ° C kuma yankunan da suka fi ruwan sama suna karɓar sama da 400 mm na ruwan sama a kowane wata.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

Wannan yanayi yana da nau'o'i da yawa, an rarraba su daban-daban bisa ga binciken, amma duk sun dogara da taimako da kusanci da gabar tekun Atlantika. Filin bakin teku da ke kusa da Douala yana fuskantar abin da ake kira "hyperhumid" yanayi tare da cikakkiyar rashin lokacin fari. Douala tana cike da ambaliyar ruwa a kai a kai a lokacin ruwan sama. A gindin Dutsen Kamaru, ruwan sama yana cikin matakan rikodin: fiye da 7,500 mm a kowace shekara a Limbé. Yanayin equatorial na tsaunuka na yamma shine "facies na dutse" (taimako yana haifar da bambance-bambance masu karfi a cikin ruwan sama kuma yana rage yanayin zafi).&nbsp;

Yankin bakin teku ya haɗa da wasu wurare mafi ruwan sama a duniya. Yankin bakin teku kusa da Dutsen *Kamaru* yana fuskantar ruwan sama mafi yawa a kasar. Garin Debundscha misali, yana da matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara na 10,299 mm.&nbsp;

Kudancin Kamaru da kudancin bakin teku suna fuskantar abin da ake kira yanayin Guinea-type wanda ke nuna gandun daji na Congo Basin.

### Yanayin zafi
Daga kudu zuwa arewa, dangane da latitude tare da bambance-bambance saboda taimako, yanayin zafi yana da nau'o'i daban-daban guda uku:

* Yanayin zafi na wurare masu zafi: a tsawo, a kusa da Adamaoua. Ruwan sama a nan yana da yawa: kusan 1,500 mm a kowace shekara. zafin jiki yana da matsakaici a duk shekara (kimanin 20 ° C) kuma lokacin fari a Ngaoundéré yana tafiya daga Oktoba zuwa Janairu&nbsp;&nbsp;
* Yanayin yanayi na Sudan mai zafi: Wannan yankin yanayi yana kusa da kwarin Bénoué. Yanayin zafi a yankin yana da yawa kuma ruwan sama ya kasance mai yawa (1,300 mm a kowace shekara a Garoua). Koyaya lokacin fari yana ƙara tsawo (watanni 6. Ruwan sama ya fi rikitarwa da gajeren guguwa, wanda iska mai bushewa kamar harmattan ya haifar.&nbsp;
* Yanayin zafi na Sudano-Sahelian a arewa: Wannan yankin yanayi yana cikin yankunan hamada na arewa suna da zafi da bushewa. Yanayin zafi yana da yawa amma tare da karancin ruwan sama; lokacin fari yana da watanni 8 a yankin Arewacin da kuma lokacin ruwan sama na watanni 4 da suka gabata.

## Canjin yanayi
Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na Kamaru ya karu a cikin shekarun da suka gabata yana hawa da 0.86 ° C a cikin shekaru 46, daga 24.28 ° C a 1974 zuwa 25.14 ° C a 2020. A gefe guda, matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara ya ragu da millimeters 2.9 a kowace shekara goma tun 1960, tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin ruwa a cikin 2015.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

A arewacin ɓangaren iska mai ƙarfi, ambaliyar ruwa, rushewar ƙasa, da karuwar abubuwan da suka faru na fari da ci gaban hamada sun ƙone manyan ƙasashe, suna haifar da

Canjin yanayi barazana ce mai zuwa ga ci gaban Kamaru saboda dogaro da ƙasar kan albarkatun ƙasa da dogaro da Kamaru akan noma. Tare da ruwan sama mai yawa wanda ke canzawa tare da lokacin fari na watanni shida zuwa bakwai, Arewacin Kamaru alama ce mafi haɗari ga canjin yanayi.

A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2009, gwamnatin Kamaru ta kirkiro National Observatory on Climate Change (NOCC), wata kungiya a karkashin kulawar Ma'aikatar Muhalli, wacce ke kula da saka idanu da kimanta tasirin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki da muhalli na canjin yanayi a Kamaru.  NOCC tana tattara bayanan yanayi kuma tana buga rahotanni na yau da kullun game da tasirin canjin yanayi a Kamaru.

## Yanayi mai tsanani da haɗari
Tsakanin 1980 da 2020, ambaliyar ruwa da fari sune haɗarin halitta na biyu da na uku da aka fi maimaitawa a Kamaru a matsakaici, ko kashi 32.1 da kashi 7.5 na jimlar haɗarin halitta.

## Manazarta