Yanayin yanayi na New York (jiha)

Yanayin yanayi na New York (jiha) gabaɗaya yana da zafi sosai, yana canzawa zuwa yankin zafi mai zafi a yankin kudu maso gabas jihar. Yanayin zafi na hunturu yana ƙasa da daskarewa a lokacin Janairu da Fabrairu a yawancin jihar New York, amma digiri da yawa sama da daskwatar tare da bakin tekun Atlantika, gami da Birnin New York da Long Island.

Lokaci-lokaci, yanayi-kamar lokacin rani yana mamaye daga Mayu zuwa farkon Satumba a duk faɗin jihar, yayin da yankuna a kudancin New York da New York suna da yanayin bazara daga ƙarshen Mayu zuwa farkon tsakiyar Oktoba.  Saboda yawan guguwar yanayi da hazo Tafkin Tafkin, yankin New York kusa da Manyan Tafkuna ya fi gizagizai fiye da kudancin New York da Long Island.  Yanayi-kamar lokacin sanyi suna mamaye daga Nuwamba zuwa Afrilu a arewacin New York, kuma daga Disamba zuwa Maris a kudancin New York.  Fitar da iskar gas ba ta da yawa akan kowane mutum idan aka kwatanta da yawancin sauran jihohi saboda yawan amfani da zirga-zirgar jama'a, musamman a cikin birnin New York.  Babban birni a cikin birnin New York ya haifar da tsibirin zafi na birane, wanda ke sa yanayin zafi ya yi zafi a cikin dare a kowane yanayi..

Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara yana da kyau har ma a duk shekara a fadin jihar New York. Yankin Great Lakes na New York yana ganin ruwan sama mafi girma na shekara-shekara da dusar ƙanƙara a cikin jihar New York, kuma dusar ƙara mai tasiri a yamma da tsakiyar New York a cikin hunturu. A cikin watanni masu zafi, manyan, masu tsawo na tsawa na tsawa zasu iya mamaye jihar daga maki zuwa yamma, yayin da guguwa ta wurare masu zafi zasu iya kawo ruwan sama da iskõki daga kudu a lokacin rani da faduwa. Tasirin guguwa a jihar yana faruwa sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 15, tare da manyan tasirin guguwa kowane shekaru 35. Matsakaicin guguwa goma ya sauka a New York a kowace shekara. Tsibirin Gwamnoni, Manhattan, a New York Harbor, an shirya don karbar bakuncin cibiyar bincike da ilimi ta dala biliyan 1 da ke shirye don sanya Birnin New York jagora a duniya wajen magance matsalar yanayi.

## Yanayin zafi

Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara a fadin jihar ya kasance daga kusan  ° F (4 ° C) a kan Dutsen Adirondack zuwa kusa da  ° F (12 ° C) fadin kwarin Hudson da Long Island, zuwa kusan  ° F (13 ° C) cikin Birnin New York. Yanayi a New York yana da tasiri sosai daga iska guda biyu: mai dumi, mai laushi daga kudu maso yamma da sanyi, mai bushe daga arewa maso yamma. Rashin sanyi, mai laushi na arewa maso gabas daga Arewacin Atlantic ba shi da yawa, kuma yana haifar da girgije mai ɗorewa tare da hazo mai alaƙa wanda ke ci gaba a fadin yankin na dogon lokaci. Bambance-bambance na zafin jiki tsakanin bakin tekun da ke da zafi da sassan arewacin arewa na iya wucewa digiri 36 Fahrenheit (20 digiri Celsius), tare da ruwan sama kusa da bakin tekun kuma ruwan sama mai daskarewa, kamar dusar ƙanƙara da ruwan sama mai sanyi, faɗuwa cikin ƙasa. Kashi biyu bisa uku na irin waɗannan abubuwan suna faruwa tsakanin Nuwamba da Afrilu. wanda ke motsawa daga arewa maso gabas zuwa kudu maso yamma.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Ba kamar yawancin jihar ba, Birnin New York yana da Yanayin zafi mai zafi (Koppen *Cfa*). Birnin New York tsibiri ne mai zafi na birni, tare da yanayin zafi 5-7 digiri Fahrenheit (3-4 digiri Celsius) mai zafi da dare fiye da yankunan da ke kewaye. A kokarin yaki da wannan dumama, ana fentin rufin gine-gine da fari a fadin birni a kokarin kara yawan hasken rana, ko albedo.&nbsp;&nbsp;

### Lokacin bazara
Lokacin bazara a Jihar New York ya bambanta sosai da yanki.  Yanayin bazara ya fi sanyi a Adirondacks saboda tsayin daka.  Adirondacks yawanci suna fuskantar bushewar yanayi a lokacin rani, tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin yanayin zafi na yau da kullun a cikin kewayon 66–73 °F (19–23 °C).  Maraice a Adirondacks suna da sanyi, tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin yanayin zafi na yau da kullun tsakanin 45-54 °F (7-12 °C).  Yawancin Yammacin New York, Tsakiyar New York, tsakiyar Hudson Valley da Catskills suna da matsakaicin zafi amma yawanci suna da ɗanshi, tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin zafin jiki na 80-85 °F (27-29 °C). 

Dare a tsakiyar jihar New York sau da yawa suna da mugunta, matsakaicin matsakaici tsakanin 61-67 ° F (16-19 ° C). Yankin Birnin New York da Lower Hudson Valley sun bambanta da karin lokacin zafi da na wurare masu zafi tare da sau da yawa kuma sau da yawa na dogon lokaci na yanayin zafi da wuraren raɓa. Matsakaicin matsakaicin yanayin zafi a wannan yanki yawanci tsakanin 86-90 ° F (30-32 ° C) amma dan kadan ya fi sanyi ta teku da gefen kudu na Long Island matsakaicin kusa da  ° F (29 ° C). Dare suna da dumi kuma suna da muggy, suna sauka zuwa matsakaicin tsakanin 68-75 ° F (20-24 ° C). Babban rikodin jihar New York shine  ° F (42 ° C), wanda aka kafa a Troy a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 1926. 

#### Ruwa mai zafi
Ruwa na zafi ya zama ruwan dare a Jihar New York wanda ke kawo zafi da zafi mai yawa. Ruwa mai zafi yana faruwa aƙalla sau biyu a kowane bazara kuma yana da matsakaicin kwanaki 3-5. Adirondacks ne kawai ba sa ganin yanayin zafi a lokacin mafi yawan raƙuman zafi a Jihar New York. Adirondacks suna da zafi zuwa yanayin zafi tare da wasu danshi a lokacin guguwar zafi, amma ba har zuwa wasu wurare a cikin jihar ba.

Snowfall a Jihar New York kuma ya bambanta sosai ta yankin. Sakamakon dusar ƙanƙara yana faruwa a Yammacin New York da Adirondacks tare da Tafkin Ontario da Tafkin Erie . Sakamakon dusar ƙanƙara na tafkin yana da yawa kuma yankuna na iya ganin ƙafafun dusar ƙara yayin da wasu ke ganin inci ɗaya kawai ko babu ko ɗaya. Adirondacks suna ganin mafi yawan dusar ƙanƙara saboda tasirin tafkin dusar ƙara da tsaunuka mafi girma waɗanda ke ganin tsakanin inci 100 zuwa 200 a kowace shekara kuma wasu na iya ganin fiye da inci 200 a kowace ƙasa, musamman sassan yammacin Adirondack.

Yammaci da Tsakiyar New York suna ganin tsakanin inci 75 zuwa 150 a kowace shekara dangane da wurin da kuke da inda makada suka buga.  Catskills suna ganin matsakaicin dusar ƙanƙara, tsakanin inci 25 zuwa 50 kuma mafi yawansa daga ba-easters ne waɗanda kusan koyaushe dusar ƙanƙara ce.  Birnin New York, Long Island, da Hudson Valley suna ganin mafi ƙarancin dusar ƙanƙara saboda suna ganin yanayin zafi mai zafi daga yanayin zafi mai zafi da kuma mutanen da ba na gabas ba suna gauraye da ruwan sama, tsakanin 10 zuwa 25 inci.

### Yanayin hunturu

Birnin New York, Kwarin Hudson, da Long Island sune mafi zafi a Jihar New York saboda yanayin zafi na teku wanda ke kiyaye wannan yanki tsakanin 37-42 ° F (3-6 °C), zafi fiye da wurare na sama.  Daren ƙasa yawanci yana tsakanin 27 zuwa 31 °F.  Mafi ƙarancin rikodin ga jihar New York shine -52 °F (-47 °C), saita a Tafkin Ruwa a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu, 1934, da kuma a Old Forge ranar 18 ga Fabrairu, 1979.  A cikin Fabrairun 2015, Rochester ya ɗan ɗanɗana watanni mafi sanyi har abada, tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 12.2 °F (-11 °C).   Daga baya, 2015 yana da rikodin dumin watan Nuwamba da rikodin rikodin Disamba.  Disamba 2015 ya kasance kusan digiri 12 na F fiye da matsakaici, kuma digiri da yawa akan rikodin baya

Birnin New York, Hudson Valley, da Long Island sune mafi dumi a Jihar New York saboda yanayin zafi na teku wanda ke kiyaye waɗannan yankuna tsakanin 37-42 ° F (3-6 ° C), mafi dumi fiye da wuraren da ke arewacin jihar. Dare na Downstate yawanci suna tsakanin 27 da 31 ° F. Rubuce-rubucen rikodin jihar New York shine -52 ° F (-47 ° C), wanda aka saita a tafkin Stillwater a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu, 1934, kuma a Old Forge a ranar 18 ga Fabrairun, 1979.  A watan Fabrairun 2015, Rochester ta sami watan da ya fi sanyi, tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na  ° F (-11 ° C).  Daga baya, 2015 yana da kusan rikodin rikodin Nuwamba da kuma rikodin Disamba. Disamba 2015 ya kasance game da digiri 12 F mai dumi fiye da matsakaici, kuma digiri da yawa akan rikodin da ya gabata.&nbsp;

## Yankunan tsananin tsire-tsire
Yanayin girma na Jihar New York yana da bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci dangane da yankin.  Adirondacks, wanda ya ƙunshi yankuna 3 zuwa 4, suna da mafi ƙarancin lokacin girma.  Tsakiyar New York, Yammacin New York, Catskills, da Mid-Hudson Valley sun ƙunshi yankuna masu girma 5 zuwa 6 kuma suna da lokutan girma da yawa don haka ƙarin noma.  Lower Hudson Valley, New York City, da Long Island, a cikin yankuna masu girma na 6 zuwa 7, suna da lokacin girma mafi tsawo a cikin jihar, da kuma wasu yankunan birnin New York, sun haɗa da girma yankin 8, tare da kasancewa saboda tasirin Atlantic da tasirin tsibirin zafi na birane.

## Rashin hazo
Yankunan kudu maso gabashin jihar kusa da Birnin New York suna da matsakaicin girgije na shekara-shekara na 59-62%, yayin da yankunan yammacin New York a kusa da Buffalo matsakaicin 71-75% girgije a kowace shekara.

## Ruwan sama

Matsakaicin ruwan sama a duk fadin yankin yana nuna mafi girma a cikin tsaunuka na Appalachians. Tsakanin inci 28 da 62 (710 da 1,570  na hazo yana faɗuwa a kowace shekara a fadin Arewa maso gabashin Amurka,  kuma matsakaicin New York yana da kama da haka, tare da matsakaicin inci sama da 60 (1,500  yana faɗuwar kudu maso yammacin Lewis County, arewacin Oneida County, tsakiya da kudancin Hamilton County, da kuma arewa maso yammacin Ulster County. Mafi ƙarancin adadin yana faruwa a kusa da iyakokin arewa tare da Vermont da Ontario, da kuma yawancin sassan kudu maso yammacin jihar. A ɗan lokaci, ana ganin matsakaicin hazo a kusa da lokutan uku: 3 na safe, 10 na safe, da 6 na yamma A lokacin rani, mafi girman 6 na yamma shine mafi mahimmanci.

Guguwa ta bakin teku, da aka sani da nor'easters, suna kawo yawancin ruwan sama zuwa yankin a lokacin sanyi yayin da suke biye da layi daya zuwa bakin teku, suna samuwa tare da yanayin zafin jiki na Gulf Stream kafin su motsa zuwa bakin teku. Duwatsun Appalachia galibi suna kare Birnin New York daga karɓar duk wani dusar ƙanƙara mai tasiri,  wanda ke tasowa a cikin yanayin guguwa na extratropical da ke fuskantar iska na Great Lakes. Finger Lakes na New York sun isa ga ruwan sama na tafkin. Sakamakon dusar ƙanƙara daga Finger Lakes (kamar sauran wurare) yana faruwa a arewacin New York har sai waɗancan tabkuna sun daskare. Matsakaicin dusar ƙanƙara na shekara-shekara ya wuce 150 inci (380  a cikin iska na Tafkin Erie da 200 inci (510  a ƙarƙashin iska na Tafkunan Ontario . 

A lokacin rani da farkon fall, tsarin mesoscale convective na iya shiga cikin yankin daga Kanada da Great Lakes. Guguwa ta wurare masu zafi da ragowarsu lokaci-lokaci suna shiga yankin daga kudu da kudu maso yamma. Yankin ya sami wasu abubuwan da suka faru na ruwan sama mai yawa wanda ya wuce lokacin dawowar shekaru 50, a cikin Oktoba 1996 da Oktoba 1998, wanda ke nuna karuwar ruwan sama mai tsanani a bakin tekun.

### Rubuce-rubuce

## Rashin gurɓata iska
Dangane da hayaki, New York ta kasance ta 46 a cikin jihohi 50 a cikin adadin iskar gas da aka samar ga kowane mutum. Wannan ingancin ya faru ne da farko saboda yawan amfani da zirga-zirgar jama'a a ciki da kewayen Birnin New York.

Koyaya, Birnin New York (musamman Manhattan) yana da ƙimar gurɓataccen iska, tare da ƙarancin gurɓatawar ƙwayoyin cuta  da ƙaranci yawan ciwon daji,  wanda za'a iya bayyana shi ta hanyar yawan jama'a, duk da ƙaranciyar hayaki.

## Yanayi mai tsanani
New York tana fuskantar matsakaicin guguwa goma a kowace shekara,  tare da guguwa daya a kowace shekara biyar da ake la'akari da karfi ko tashin hankali (EF2-EF5).  Lokacin dawowa don tasirin guguwa a jihar shine shekaru 18-19,  tare da manyan lokutan dawowar guguwa tsakanin shekaru 70 zuwa 74.  A cikin 2016, yawancin New York sun fuskanci fari mai tsanani, gami da yankin Finger Lakes, inda fari ya riga ya wuce ta hanyar hunturu mai sauƙi tare da ƙananan dusar ƙanƙara. &nbsp;&nbsp;

## Bayanan yanayi don zaɓaɓɓun birane