Juan Ponce Enrile

**Juan Furagganan Ponce Enrile Sr.,** (Fabrairu 14, 1924 - Nuwamba 13, 2025), wanda kuma ake kira da sunan farko JPE, ɗan siyasan Philippine ne kuma lauya, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar Dattawa na 26th na Philippines daga 2018 zuwa 2018 mafi tsawo. 'Yan siyasar Filipino a tarihi, kuma daya daga cikin 'yan kalilan da suka kai shekaru 100. An san shi da rawar da ya taka a gwamnatin shugaban Philippine Ferdinand Marcos; rawar da ya taka a juyin mulkin da bai yi nasara ba wanda ya taimaka wajen gaggauta juyin juya halin mutane na 1986 da kuma hambarar da Marcos; da kuma zamansa a majalisar dokokin Philippine shekaru bayan juyin juya hali. Enrile ya yi wa’adi hudu a majalisar dattawa, a jimillar shekaru ashirin da biyu da kwana dari uku, daya daga cikin mafi dadewa da aka taba yi a tarihin majalisar. A cikin 2022, yana da shekaru 98, ya koma ofishin gwamnati a matsayin babban mai ba shugaban kasa shawara kan harkokin shari'a a gwamnatin Shugaba Bongbong Marcos, yana aiki har zuwa mutuwarsa a 2025.

Enrile ya kasance mai goyon bayan Shugaba Ferdinand Marcos wanda ya zama Sakataren Shari'a kuma Ministan Tsaro a lokacin gwamnatin Marcos. Enrile ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsare-tsare da rubuce-rubucen doka don dokar yaƙi, kuma yana kula da sojojin Philippine yayin aiwatar da shi. Sauran ayyukansa a wannan lokacin sun haɗa da Shugabancin Hukumar Kwakwa ta Philippine wanda ta hanyarsa ya sami ikon sarrafa masana'antar kwakwa tare da Danding Cojuangco,  kuma kasancewarsa babban mai kula da shiga cikin Philippines a ƙarƙashin dokar yaƙi-lokacin da fitar da katako ya yi yawa har murfin gandun daji na Philippines ya ragu har sai 8% kawai ya rage.A cikin shekarun 1980, duk da haka, karuwar bangaranci a cikin gwamnatin Marcos ya haifar da raguwar tasirin Enrile a cikin gwamnatin.

Enrile da Reform da Armed Forces Movement sun shirya makirci don hambarar da Marcos a watan Fabrairun 1986, amma an gano su. Yanke shawarar mataki na karshe a Camp Aguinaldo, Enrile ya nemi goyon baya daga wasu sassan Sojoji na Philippines kuma ya karbi shi daga Philippine Constabulary Janar Fidel Ramos a kusa da Camp Crame, wanda ya shiga Enrile a janye goyon bayan Marcos a cikin Fabrairu 1986. Marcos ya koma ya ajiye masu rarraba a Camps Aguinaldo da Craud sun riga sun shirya zanga-zangar adawa da farar hula. 1986 Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na Philippine ya tafi gabaɗaya zuwa Epifanio de los Santos Avenue kusa da Enrile da sojojin Ramos, kuma ya hana Marcos kai hari ga masu shirya juyin mulkin. Wannan taron jama'a na 'yan ƙasa don kare Enrile da Ramos yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman lokutan juyin juya halin mutane na 1986 wanda ya kori Marcos daga mulki zuwa gudun hijira. Bayan 1986, Enrile ya ci gaba da zama ɗan siyasa. Ya kasance shugaban majalisar dattijai. daga Nuwamba 2008 har sai da ya yi murabus a ranar 5 ga Yuni, 2013. Ya kasance Sanata har zuwa 2016 kuma ya kasance shugaban marasa rinjaye.
## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Enrile a matsayin Juanito Furagganan a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, 1924, a Gonzaga, Cagayan, bisa ga bayanan hukuma, ga Petra Furagganan, diyar mai kamun kifi. An haife shi ba tare da aure ba, kamar yadda mahaifinsa, lauya mestizo na Spain kuma ɗan siyasar lardin Alfonso Ponce Enrile, ya riga ya yi aure. Daga baya mahaifiyarsa ta auri wani masunci. Bayanai daga Cocin Independent na Philippine (Aglipayan) a Cagayan kuma sun nuna cewa an haifi Enrile a ranar 22 ga Yuni, 1922, kamar yadda dansa Jack ya bayyana a cikin 2025.A lokacin haihuwarsa, Alfonso ya yi aiki a matsayin wakili daga gundumar 1st na Cagayan. An yi masa baftisma cikin cocin Aglipayan a matsayin Juanito Furagganan.Ya yi rayuwar talauci tare da mahaifiyarsa da ’yan’uwansa maza shida a bakin kogi a Barrio Mission (yanzu Barangay Casitan), Gonzaga, Cagayan. Tun yana ɗan shekara 7, ya yi aiki da innarsa Consorcia Calasan, ƙanwar mahaifiyarsa kuma daga Gonzaga, a matsayin ɗan gida kuma daga baya a matsayin mai dafa abinci don tallafawa karatunsa. An kore shi daga makaranta bayan an kama shi a cikin triangle na soyayya. Wannan rashin adalci da aka yi masa na korar shi ya sa ya yi watsi da burinsa na farko na zama injiniya, maimakon haka ya yi niyyar zama lauya. An sake rushe makarantarsa saboda barkewar yakin duniya na biyu.
## Rashin lafiya da mutuwa
A farkon 1990s, an gano Enrile da ciwon hawan jini na yau da kullun.Ya garzaya da shi asibiti sakamakon hawan jini a ranar 14 ga Satumba, 2013.
Yana da ciwon sukari mellitus, dyslipidemia, hauhawar jini, hauhawar jini mai yawa a cikin jijiyoyin jini na dama, hagu na baya na saukowa da dawafi na hagu, bugun zuciya da bai kai ba, ciwon macular degeneration, da wasu cututtuka da suka shafi shekaru da dama bisa ga takardar shaidar likita a ranar 6 ga Mayu, 2014.. Ya sha magunguna iri 22 na cututtukansa. Sandiganbayan ya ba da izinin kama asibiti a babban asibitin 'yan sanda na Philippine. Ya yi fama da ciwon huhu a shekarar 2015. Ya gwada inganci don COVID-19 a ranar 27 ga Yuni, 2022.

## Manazarta