Lisa Bowleg

**Lisa Bowleg** (née: Ingrid Alisa Bowleg ) Masaniyar ilimin halayyar jama'a ce da aka sani da gudanar da bincike kan rikice-rikice a cikin zamantakewa da halayyar kimiyya   da kuma alaƙar da ke tsakanin abubuwan zamantakewa da haɗuwa, juriya, da haɗarin cutar kanjamau a cikin al'ummomin baƙi.   

Bowleg tana aiki a matsayin Farfesa na ilimin halayyar dan adam a Jami'ar George Washington yayin da yake aiki a matsayin Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Jama'a da Halin Halin DC-Center for AIDS Research  da kuma Darakta mai kafa Cibiyar Horar da Intersectionality a Jami'a ta George Washington. 

Bowleg ta sami kyaututtuka da yawa da tallafin bincike ban da gudanar da karatun asali da yawa a duk lokacin da take aiki. Ya zuwa Maris 2021, Bowleg ta rubuta labarai sama da 60, an ambaci shi da takardu sama da 3000 (misali, surori na littafi ko labaran ilimi), kuma tana da H-index na 24.

Bowleg ya yi aiki a kwamitin edita na mujallu da yawa ciki har da American Journal of Public Health,  Archives of Sexual Behavior, The Journal of Sex Research, da LGBT Health. 

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
Bowleg asalinta daga Philadelphia ce, Pennsylvania .

Bowleg ta sami digiri na farko a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam daga Jami'ar Georgetown a shekarar 1988. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da karɓar masters a cikin Manufofin Jama'a tare da Maida hankali a Nazarin Mata (1991) da kuma masters a Applied Social Psychology (1996) daga Jami'ar George Washington . A shekara ta 1997, Bowleg ta sami digirinta na PhD a fannin ilimin halayyar jama'a daga Jami'ar George Washington .  Binciken rubutun Bowleg ya mayar da hankali kan rawar da Girman kai, girman jima'i, da kuma tasirin jima'i a kan halayen halayen halayyar cutar HIV / AIDS na mata na kwalejin Afirka.

## Ayyukan ilimi
Bowleg ta kasance memba na Ƙungiyar Psychological ta Amirka tun 1992.

A shekara ta 1998, Bowleg ta fara aikinta na ilimi a Jami'ar Rhode Island inda ta gudanar da kuma kula da bincike kan rigakafin HIV / AIDS, batutuwan LGBT, mata masu launi da siffar jiki, da kuma bambancin zamantakewar da Black, LGBTQ, da maza da mata suka samu. A shekara ta 1999 ita ce ta huɗu da ta taɓa karɓar kyautar Louise Kidder Early Career Award .  Daga 2004 zuwa 2006 Bowleg ya kasance mataimakin farfesa a Jami'ar Rhode Island .

Daga 2006 zuwa 2013, Bowleg ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Farfesa a Sashen Lafiya da Rigakafi a Makarantar Lafiya ta Jama'a ta Jami'ar Drexel, a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania .  Yayinda yake a Drexel, Bowleg ya yi aiki tare da Jami'ar Missouri Farfesa Michelle Teti  don nazarin yadda maza ke kula da lafiyar hankali ta hanyar bincika abubuwan kariya da aka raba a cikin maza masu dacewa. A shekara ta 2009, Bowleg ya yi aiki tare da Randy Sell, Seth Welles, da Augusta Villanueva don ƙaddamar da Shirin Jami'ar Drexel don Lafiya ta LGBT . 

Tun daga shekara ta 2013, Bowleg ta kasance Farfesa a fannin ilimin halayyar jama'a a Sashen ilimin halayya da kwakwalwa a Jami'ar George Washington kuma shi ne darektan da ya kafa Cibiyar Horar da Intersectionality a Jami'a George Washington  kuma Daraktan Cibiyar Kimiyya ta DCAR.

A cikin 2013, Bowleg ta kuma yi aiki a kan kwamitin Cibiyar Nazarin LGBTQ (CLAGS) a Cibiyar Graduate ta Jami'ar Birnin New York (CUNY). 

Bowleg a halin yanzu mataimakiyar edita ce ta American Journal of Public Health (AJPH)  kuma tun daga watan Satumbar 2018 ta kasance editan Perspectives daga sashin Social Sciences na AJPH.  A halin yanzu ita ma edita ce mai ba da shawara ga Jaridar Binciken Jima'i,  kuma a kan kwamitin edita na duka Archives of Sexual Behavior,  da LGBT Health.

## Bincike
Faye Z. Belgrave ne ya kula da Ph.D. na Bowleg kuma ta mai da hankali kan tasirin Matsayin jinsi, dabarun iko a cikin dangantaka, da kuma kariya ta jima'i ga Black da Latina HIV da halayyar kariya ta AIDS. A halin yanzu, binciken Bowleg yana magance ci gaban tunanin mutum na membobin "al'ummomin da ba a gani" dangane da jinsi da launin fata. An san ta da bincike game da intersectionality, damuwa, da juriya tsakanin Black LGBT + mutane. Bowleg ya yi nazarin tasirin tsarin zamantakewa, namiji, da juriya akan haɗarin cutar kanjamau na jima'i na maza da halayyar kariya. Ayyukanta sun karfafa tattaunawa game da batutuwan da aka nuna a cikin baƙar fata kamar halayyar ɗan luwaɗi da jin daɗi motsin rai.

Daga 2007 zuwa 2012, an ba Bowleg jimlar dala miliyan 1.7 a cikin kudade daga Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Yara da Ci gaban Dan Adam ta Eunice Kennedy Shriver (NICHD) don aikin kan "Matsayin Matsayin Jima'i, Rubuce-rubucen Jima'a da Halin Hadarin Halitta na Maza". Don wannan aikin, Bowleg da abokan aiki sun haɓaka kuma sun tabbatar da Scale na Kwarewar Black Men (BMES), wanda ake amfani da shi don tantance abubuwan da ba su da kyau na Black maza tare da microaggressions da nuna bambanci da kuma kimantawa mai kyau na kasancewa Black maza. Wannan aikin ya kuma bincika alaƙar da ke tsakanin abubuwan zamantakewa da al'adu (misali, nuna bambancin launin fata, talauci, ɗaurin kurkuku) tare da ka'idojin jinsi, rubutun jima'i, da haɗarin jima'i ga mazajen Afirka na Afirka waɗanda ke yin jima'i da mata (MSW).   Don taimakawa wannan takamaiman layin bincike, Bowleg da abokan aiki sun haɓaka Scale na Rubutun Jima'i (SSS) wanda ke auna rubutun jima'i da suka shafi kusanci na soyayya, kwaroron roba, barasa da amfani da wiwi, fara jima'i, zamantakewar kafofin watsa labarai, da gwaji na jima'i. An sabunta kudade don wannan aikin a cikin 2008 da 2009, wanda ya kai jimlar dala miliyan 1.7 a cikin kudade.

A cikin 2011 Bowleg ta sami tallafin bincike na $ 354,495 daga Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya da Rashin Lafiya ta Kasa (NIMHD) don aikin da ake kira "Bayanin Ƙofofi don Jama'a daban-daban zuwa Binciken Rashin Lafiyar Lafiya".  Wannan aikin yana magance shingen bambancin kiwon lafiya wanda ke fuskantar kungiyoyin marasa galihu. Musamman, kudade don wannan aikin sun goyi bayan yin rajistar dalibai na digiri, digiri, da kuma daliban makarantar likita daga kungiyoyi daban-daban na tattalin arziki, zamantakewa, da / ko muhalli a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Jami'ar Drexel ta Bude Kofofin don Bambancin Jama'a zuwa Shirin Binciken Rashin Lafiyar Lafiyarta. An canja wannan aikin zuwa PI Shannon P. Marquez a cikin 2012 wanda ya sami sabuntawa a cikin 2012, 2013, 2014, da 2015 wanda ya kai jimlar dala miliyan 1.6.

Daga 2012 zuwa 2018, Bowleg ta kasance Co-PI tare da Anita Raj da Jay G. Silverman a kan wani Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Kasa (NIMH) wanda aka ba da kuɗin aikin da ake kira "Binciken Shirin Rage Hadarin Cutar HIV na Tsarin da Halin Black Men. "  A matsayin wani ɓangare na wannan aikin, Bowleg ya kimanta haɗarin yaduwar cutar kanjamau ga mazajen baƙi a Amurka a matsayin matsala ta al'umma. Don wannan aikin, Bowleg da abokan aikin sun kuma gudanar da bincike mai inganci don bincika duka rage haɗarin HIV / STI, sabon sa hannun dangantaka mai kyau, da kuma tasirin abubuwan da ke cikin mahallin akan shiga cikin zaman shawarwarin tsara tare da mai da hankali kan Tasirin Stroman .  Wannan aikin ya sami tallafin NIMH a cikin 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, da 2016 wanda ya kai jimlar dala miliyan 3.1.

Daga 2012 zuwa 2018, Bowleg ta kasance jagora PI a kan wani aikin da ake kira "Social-Structural Stressors, Resilience, and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Black Men. "  A cikin shekaru 5, wannan binciken sashi da gauraye ya aiwatar da nazarin geospatial, hanyoyin inganci, da kuma ƙirar ƙira don kimanta sabon tsarin tunani. Wannan samfurin ya haɗa da dalilai da yawa kamar masu damuwa da zamantakewar al'umma da juriya, masu damuwa da jama'a da juriya na mutum, haɗarin cutar kanjamau na jima'i na Black maza, abubuwan kariya, da sauran abubuwan haɗarin tunanin mutum. Gabaɗaya, wannan aikin yana da matakai uku. Mataki na haɗa da tattara bayanai game da matsalolin zamantakewa daga ƙungiyoyin mayar da hankali a Philadelphia, PA. A Mataki na II, an tattara samfurin yiwuwar maza 700 baƙar fata (shekaru 18 - 44) daga ƙungiyoyin ƙididdigar ƙididdiga don sanar da samfurin ƙididdigari na zamantakewar jama'a da damuwa na zamantakewa. A ƙarshe a Mataki na III an haɗa sakamakon binciken tare da hangen nesa na bayanai kuma an tabbatar da shi ta hanyar ƙarin ƙungiyoyin mai da hankali.   Don tallafawa wannan binciken, an ba Bowleg kyautar $ 575,996 a cikin kudade daga Cibiyoyin Lafiya ta Kasa a cikin 2016 . 

Ta hanyar alakar da take da ita tare da Cibiyar Nazarin cutar kanjamau ta DC, Bowleg kwanan nan ta fara bincike kan tasirin ƙididdigar ƙididdigal a kan hana gwajin cutar kanjamawa da rigakafin bayyanar cututtuka (PrEP) tsakanin Black gay / bisexual ko wasu maza da ke yin jima'i da maza a cikin DC Metropolitan Area.

A cikin 2018, an ba Bowleg jerin tallafin bincike don aikin bincike mai taken "Rage Amfani da Magunguna na Black Men da Co-Occurring Negative Mental and Physical Health Results: Intersectionality, Social-Structural Stressors, and Protective Factors".   Musamman, wannan aikin na shekaru biyar (ya ƙare a 2023)  zai yi amfani da hanyoyin da aka tattara daga 960 Black Men (shekaru 18 - 54) a Washington, DC don ƙarin gwada abubuwan da damuwa na zamantakewar zamantakewa da damuwa. Wannan aikin yana da matakai uku. A Mataki na I, za a tattara bayanan kai tsaye game da matsalolin zamantakewar al'umma, abubuwan kariya, lafiyar hankali, da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi. A Mataki na II, za a yi amfani da ƙungiyoyi huɗu don tabbatar da fassarar sakamakon daga Mataki na I. A ƙarshe a Mataki na III za a haɗa sakamakon kuma za a tantance ingancin. Wannan aikin ya sami jimlar tallafin bincike guda huɗu daga Cibiyar Nazarin Cin Hanci da Magunguna ta Kasa (NIDA) tsakanin 2018  da 2020  wanda ya kai jimlar dala miliyan 2.1. Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Ayyukan Dan Adam ta Amurka da Cibiyar Lafiya ta Kasa sun ba da ƙarin dala miliyan 1.6 a cikin tallafin tallafi don wannan aikin.  

A cikin 2019 Bowleg ta fara aiki a matsayin PI a Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Kasa (NIMH) da aka ba da tallafi mai taken "Ci gaba da Tabbatar da Sabbin Matakan Matakan Multilevel Intersectional Stigma don Inganta Rigakafin Cutar HIV Ci gaba ga Matasan Black Gay Bisexual da Sauran Maza da ke da Jima'i tare da Maza a Kudu. Wannan aikin yana da niyyar bincika sabbin matakan bayar da rahoto na cin zarafin juna, haɓaka burin matakai na zamantakewar jama'a, da cin zarafin jama'a da Washington suna da cin zarafi, da cin ganyayyaki, da cin hanci da cin zarafinsu, da cin gashin kansu da cin zarafan mutane masu cin zarafin maza masu cin zarafi. An sabunta kudade don wannan aikin a cikin 2020, wanda ya kai jimlar $ 449,439.

## Kyaututtuka

* **(2014)** Kyautar Jagora mai ban sha'awa da cutar kanjamau; Kwamitin Kungiyar Kwararrun Kwararrun Amurka kan Psychology da AIDS (COPA).
* **(2012)** Kyautar Shugaban kasa don Haɗin Al'adu da Bambanci; Jami'ar Drexel 
* **(2009)** Takardar shaidar godiya daga Shirin Sa'a da Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Jama'a na Kimiyyar Halin Jama'a 
* **(2008)** Kyautar Red Ribbon don Bincike daga Cibiyar Binciken Cutar Cutar Catar da Ciwon Cutar Citarwa
* **(2007)** Mention mai daraja, Carolyn Payton Early Career Award, American Psychological Association Society for the Psychology of Women (Division 35) 
* **(2006)** Kyautar Godiya ta Malami, Uhuru SaSa, Ƙungiyar Ɗaliban Afirka ta Amirka a Jami'ar Rhode Island 
* **(2002)** Kyautar Bambancin Kwarewa a cikin Jagora da Sabis daga Cibiyar Al'adu ta Rhode Island 
* **(2001 - 2002)** Hukumar Gwamnonin Rhode Island don Kyautar Ilimi mafi Girma a Fasaha 
* **(2000)** Margaret Stetz Woman of Distinction Award daga Cibiyar Mata ta Jami'ar Georgetown 
* **(1999)** Louise Kidder Early Career Award daga Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues of the American Psychological Association (APA) 
* **(1996)** American Psychological Association Science Directoriate Dissertation Research Award 

## Manazarta