open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Kirsten Parris

**Kirsten M. Parris** masaniyar ilimin  birane ce a Australiya, kuma farfesa a fannin Ilimin birane daga Makarantar Tsarin Halitta da Kimiyyar Gandun daji a Jami'ar Melbourne da Mataimakin Darakta na Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Har ila yau, tana jagorantar Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyyar Muhalli ta ƙasa ta Nazarin Tsabtace iska da Yankin Gari (CAUL).

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haife ta a Kew, Victoria a shekara ta 1969. A cikin shekara ta 1993 kuma ta sami digirin farko BSc (Hons) daga Jami'ar Melbourne, kuma a shekara ta 1994 ta sami BA daga wannan makarantar. An ba ta digirin-digirgir daga jami’ar kasar Ostiraliya a shekarar 2000.

## Ayyuka
Ta yi aiki a matsayin malama kuma mai bincike a ƙasar Australia da Amurka kafin ta shiga Jami'ar Melbourne a shekarar 2007.

Ta karɓi tallafin bincike daga Kungiyar Nazarin Australiya, Sashen Muhalli da Makamashi, da sauran hukumomin gwamnati. Ta wallafa littafi guda a matsayin marubuciya guda ɗaya, *Ecology of Urban Environments* (Wiley Blackwell, a shekara ta 2016),  guda da aka shirya, *[https://nespurban.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Cities-for-People-and-Nature.pdf Cauyuka don Mutane da Yanayi]* (CAUL Hub, 2020), fiye da takardun bincike 60 da babin littafi guda biyar.

Binciken nata ya ji daɗin kulawar kafofin watsa labaru, tare da rahotanni sama da 300 waɗanda ɗakunan Australiya da na duniya suka watsa.

## Gudummawar malamai
Parris tana aiki ne akan ilimin halittu na birane tare da girmamawa akan amphibians, bioacoustics da sadarwar dabbobi, hanyoyin binciken nazarin halittu da ka'idojin binciken muhalli.  

Parris an san ta azaman masanin sadarwa mai tasiri musamman. Ta lashe gasar Kimiyyar Kare Lafiyar Jama'a ta Biritaniya a shekara ta 2016  kuma ta kasance ta karshe a gasar Australian National Fresh Science Competition ta shekara 2004.  Ta haɗu da Eungiyar Ilimin coasa ta Chapterungiyar Nazarin Australiya don Sadarwar Kimiyya.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Kirsten Parris yanar gizo
Cibiyar Kare Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam ta Duniya

**Cibiyar Kare Hakkin Dan-Adam ta Duniya**  Faransanci: *Institut international des droits de l'homme,* IIDH) ƙungiya ce ƙarƙashin dokar gida ta Faransa wacce ke Strasbourg, Faransa. Ta haɗa da kusan mambobi guda 300 (ɗaiɗaikun mutane da gama kai) a duk duniya, gami da jami'o'i, masu bincike, da masu aikata haƙƙin ɗan adam .

René Cassin ne ya kafa IIDH, wanda ya ci kyautar Nobel ta Zaman Lafiya a shekara ta 1968. Cassin ya ba da kyautar kyautar don ƙirƙirar cibiyar haƙƙin bil'adama ta duniya a Strasbourg. Shugaban kasar na yanzu Jean-Paul Costa ne tun a shekarar 2011.

## Duba wasu abubuwan

* Sanarwar Duniya game da 'Yancin Dan Adam
* Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam
* Kotun Turai ta 'Yancin Dan Adam
* Dokar kare hakkin dan adam ta duniya
* Shekaru uku na 'yancin ɗan adam
* CCJO René Cassin
* Cibiyoyin Turai a Strasbourg

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Cibiyar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Duniya
Ƙungiyar Ƴancin Ɗan Adam ta Duniya

**Ƙungiyar** **<nowiki/>'Yancin Dan Adam ta Duniya** (ILHR), ƙungiya ce ta kare haƙƙin ɗan adam da ke da hedkwata a cikin Birnin New York .

Da'awar ƙungiyar ita ce kungiyar da ta fi tsufa a kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam a Amurka, ILHR ta bayyana aikinta a matsayin "kare masu kare hakkin dan adam wadanda ke kasada da rayukansu don inganta akidun adalci da kungiyoyin farar hula a kasashensu."

ILHR ta samo asali ne daga Ligue des droits de l'homme et du citoyen, wanda aka kafa a Faransa a ƙarshen karni na sha tara. Refugeesan gudun hijirar Turai da Roger Nash Baldwin, waɗanda suka kafa Civilungiyar Civilancin Civilungiyoyin Americanan Adam ta Amurka sun sake kafa kungiyar a cikin New York City a cikin 1942 kuma an san ta har zuwa 1976, a matsayin ƙu**ngiyar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Duniya** . A cikin Shekara ta 1947, an ba da layin matsayin shawara tare da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Tattalin Arziki da Tattalin Arziki (ECOSOC), yana ba ta ikon ba da shaida a gaban waccan hukuma game da keta hakkin ɗan adam.  ILHR ita ma memba ce ta ƙungiyar Hadin Kan Duniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don Dakatar da Laifin Cin zarafin Dan Adam a Koriya ta Arewa, wani kwamiti da ya kunshi kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam sama da 40 a duniya.

Shugaban kasar shine Robert Arsenault, kuma Babban Daraktan shine Louise Kantrow .

Sunan yankin yanar gizo na ILHR ya kare a ranar 3 ga Yunin shekara ta 2014 kuma ba a sabunta shi ba.  Tsohon adireshin gidan yanar gizon yanzu ya zama shafin da ke nuna takaddun shaida don kayayyakin masarufi. Koyaya, kungiyar ta bayyana cewa zata ci gaba da aiki, kamar yadda aka ruwaito shi a cikin manema labarai kwanan nan kamar 2018 cewa ILHR na ci gaba da bayar da lambar yabo ta " Carl von Ossietzky Medal" "ga mutanen da ke aikin farar hula da kuma 'yancin ɗan adam. "Kungiyar ta fitar da rubutacciyar sanarwa kuma ta sanar da cewa, an ba da Lambar ta 2018 ga Cizre Co-magajin gari Leyla Imret da mai kare hakkin dan adam Ottmar Miles Paul ." An kuma ba da lambar yabo ta von Ossietzky a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ga mai fallasa mai suna Edward Snowden da lauya /' yar jarida Glenn Greenwald (2014).

## Manazarta
Ƙungiyar Ƴanci ta Ɗan Adam ta Duniya

**Ƙungiyar Ƴanci ta Ɗan Adam ta Duniya** (ISHR) ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta ta ƙasa da ƙasa, ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam tare da Matsayin Shiga tare da Majalisar Turai kuma memba ne na Kwamitin **Sadarwa na ƙungiyoyi Masu Zaman Kansu a Majalisar ta Turai.** Kungiyar ta ISHR tana da matsayin mai sanya ido tare da Kwamitin Kare Hakkin Bil'adama da Na Afirka. Tana da matsayi tare da kuma Ma'aikatar Bayanin Jama'a na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Roster Consultative Status tare da Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya kan Tattalin Arziki da Tattalin Arziki (ECOSOC).

ISHR yana zaune a Frankfurt am Main, Jamus, kuma an kafa shi a Yammacin Jamus a cikin Shekara ta 1972 a matsayin Gesellschaft für Menschenrechte (GfM), da nufin inganta fahimtar duniya da haƙuri da juna a duk fannoni na al'adu da zamantakewar al'umma kuma don haka an yi hakan ne daga farawa don tallafawa kawai ga waɗanda ke da wannan ka'ida kuma, saboda haka, suna ƙoƙari ba tare da tashin hankali ba don haƙƙinsu. Wanda ya fara wannan aikin shi ne Iwan I. Agrusow, wani tsohon dan kwadago na Rasha, wanda ya yanke shawarar ci gaba da zama a Yammacin Jamus bayan yakin duniya na biyu saboda kula da tsoffin ma’aikata da aka tilastawa a Tarayyar Soviet (da yawa daga cikinsu an tura su Gulag bayan sun dawo).

Al'umma ta zama Ƙungiyar Kare Hakkin Dan-Adam ta Duniya a Shekara ta 1982, tare da kafuwar rassa a Austria, Switzerland, UK da Faransa. Tun daga wannan lokacin ya girma ya ƙunshi ƙungiyoyin ƙasa guda 47, da Kwamitocin Yanki da ƙungiyoyin Haɗin gwiwa a duk duniya.

Sanannun membobin ƙungiyar ISHR sun hada da shugabar gwamnatin Jamus ta Yamma Ludwig Erhard, tsohon Yarima Austro-Hungary Yarima Otto von Habsburg, tsohon Babban Lauyan Jamus Ludwig Martin da mai rajin kare haƙƙin dan Adam dan ƙasar China Harry Wu.

A lokacin Yaƙin Cacar Baki, ƙungiyar  'Yancin ɗan Adam ta Duniya ta fi mai da hankali kan take haƙƙin ɗan adam a jihohin yankin Gabas . Jamhuriyar Demokiradiyar Jamusawa (Gabashin Jamus) ta ayyana Kungiyar Kare Hakkin Dan-Adam ta Duniya a matsayin "makiyin kasa" a shekara ta 1975, kuma Stasi ta kaddamar da kamfe a kan kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam, da kokarin bata mata suna. Kwanan nan, kungiyar ISHR ta mayar da hankali kan ‘yancin yin addini da kuma batun‘ yan jarida a kasashe irin su Vietnam da China.

Society suna buga nasu Newsletter na yau da kullun (a Turanci) da kuma Jamusanci “Menschenrechte”. Shugaban Majalisar ƙasashen Duniya na kungiyar ISHR shi ne Farfesa Dr Dr Thomas Schirrmacher . Karl Hafen shi ne ma'aji, Marie Gerrard, Dr René Gomez, Dr Liubov Nemcinova, Dr Haydee Marin, Simone Schlegel da Farfesa Dr Andrey Sukhorukov su ne mataimakan shugaban kasa.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje
* Tashar Yanar Gizo ta Societyungiyar forungiyar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Duniya (ISHR)
International Centre for Human Rights Research

The **International Center for Human Rights Research** ko **CIIDH** ( Spanish : "Centro Internacional para Investigaciones en Derechos Humanos") ne a {asar Guatemala da ba na gwamnati kungiyar.

An kafa kungiyar ne a shekara ta 1993, a cikin shekarun karshe na yakin basasar da aka kwashe shekaru 36 ana gudanarwa a kasar, da nufin bunkasawa da kare hakkin dan adam da kuma buga bayanan da suka shafi wannan fanni. Koyaya, asalin asalinsa yafi gwagwarmaya da gwagwarmaya cikin yanayi. Gidaje aikin da ya tattara shaidu daga shaidun keta hakkin dan adam da ya faru a lokacin yakin basasar kasar, babban burinta shi ne amfani da wannan bayanin da marubutan su don tallafawa hare-hare na shari'a kan jami'an Sojojin Guatemala wadanda ake zargi da aikata laifukan yaki. Paul Yamauchi ne ya kirkireshi kuma yayi masa jagora daga Shekara ta 1993 zuwa watan Yuni,  shekara ta 1996, CIIDH da aikinta a hankali masu gwagwarmaya na URNG suka karɓe su yayin da suke aiki tare da Daraktan su, sannu a hankali suka lalata ayyukan kuma suka dakatar da aikin su na asali, duk daidai da sanya hannun URNG yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya tare da Sojojin Guatemala, wanda ya ba da afuwa ga bangarorin biyu. A zamanin yau, CIIDH da sabon "manufa" sunyi nesa da yadda suke a shekara ta 1993.

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Rahoton CIIDH da bayanai
Farkon Ƴancin Ɗan Adam

**Farkon 'Yancin Dan Adam** (wanda a da ake kira **Kwamitin Lauyoyi na Kare Hakkin Dan-Adam na Kasa da Kasa**  ) kungiya ce da ba ta siyasa ba, 501 (c) (3),  kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta kasa da kasa da ke Birnin New York da Washington, DC  A shekara ta 2004, ƴancin Dan Adam ya fara kamfen ""arshen Azabtarwa Yanzu".)

## yan kwamitin gudanarwa
Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta farko tana karkashin jagorancin mambobin kwamitin gudanarwa waɗanda suka haɗa da membobi guda 73, gami da Kwamitin 30an Adam na mutum guda 30 da kuma Kwamitin Emeritus na mutum guda 12. 

Membobin kwamitin sun hada da:

* Mona Sutphen, Babban Mashawarci a Vungiyar Vistria

* Matthew G. Olsen, Babban Jami'in Tsaro a Uber

* Jay Carney, shugaban hulda da jama'a a Amazon

* Sarah Cleveland , farfesa a Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Kwalejin 'Yan Adam da Tsarin Mulki

* Kerry Kennedy, Shugaban RFK na Hakkin Dan-Adam

* Robert A. Mandell, tsohon Ambasada a Luxembourg ; Shugaba & Shugaba na Babban Gidaje, Inc. (Ret. )

* Alberto J. Mora, Babban Jami'i a Cibiyar Carr ta Manufofin 'Yancin Dan Adam ; Babban jami'in shari'a a Harvard ; Mars, Inc. (Ret. )

* Nazanin Rafsanjani, tsohon shugaban Sabuwar Nunin Cigaba a Gimlet Media da Spotify 

## Pro Bono Wakilcin Doka ga Masu Neman Mafaka
Shirin wakilcin shari'a na farko na 'Yancin Dan Adam ya yi dai-dai da lauyoyi masu kyau da masu neman mafakar da ke bukatar taimako kuma da ba haka ba za su iya samun wakilcin shari'a mai inganci ba. 

Ƙungiyar tana taimaka wa masu neman mafakar da ke zaune a cikin mafi girma Washington DC, New York City, Los Angeles, da Houston manyan biranen da ba su da wakilcin doka, ba za su iya ɗaukar lauya ba, sannan kuma suna buƙatar taimako tare da da'awar neman mafaka ko wata hanyar kariya. na matsayin shige da fice. Ofisoshin kungiyar na New York da Houston na iya taimakawa mutanen da ke neman mafaka daga cikin wata cibiyar tsare bakin haure da ke kusa. 

## Zaɓaɓɓun wallafe-wallafe

* *Yakin da ake yi da Yara:'sananan yara na Afirka ta Kudu*, Desmond Tutu, 1986. 
* *<nowiki/>'Yan banga a cikin Philippines: Barazana ga Mulkin Demokiradiyya*, Diane Orentlicher, 1988. ISBN&nbsp;
* *An ƙi 'Yan Gudun Hijira: Matsaloli a cikin Kariyar Vietnamese da Kambodiyawa a Tailandia da Shiga' Yan Gudun Indochinese zuwa Amurka*, Albert Santoli, 1989. ISBN&nbsp;
* *Dokokin Takarda, Bayoneti na Karfe: Rushewar Dokar Doka a Haiti*, Elliot Schrage, 1990. ISBN&nbsp;
* *An Sace Yara: Yaran Yankan Sugar a cikin Jamhuriyar Dominica*, Theresa A. Amato, 1991. ISBN&nbsp;

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Ganawa tare da Michael Posner daga Gidan Tarihi na Tunawa da Holocaust na Amurka
* Ganawa da Tad Stahnke daga Gidan Tarihi na Tunawa da Holocaust na Amurka
Ƙungiyar Rayuwar Ɗan Adam ta Ƙasa

**Human Life International** **(HLI)** ne American tushen Roman Katolika rajin zubar da ciki kungiyar. Tana bayyana kanta a matsayin "kungiya mafi girma a duniya da ke rajin kare rayuwa a duniya", tana mai lura cewa tana da rassa da abokai a cikin sama da kasashe 80 na duniya kuma ta tura wakilai zuwa kimanin 160.   An kafa shi a cikin Front Royal, Virginia tun daga 1996.

Human Life International an kafa ta ne a shekara ta 1981 a Gaithersburg, Maryland ta Paul Marx, a matsayin ci gaba da Cibiyar Rayuwa ta Dan Adam da Marx ya kafa a Jami'ar Saint John, Minnesota a Shekara ta 1972.  Manufarsa ita ce horarwa, tsarawa da kuma ba shugabannin gwagwarmaya masu hana zubar da ciki - firistoci, cibiyoyin daukar ciki na rikici, shugabannin jama'a, masu shirye-shiryen rediyo da talabijin, da masu ba da shawara na iyali. HLI ta kafa ayyukanta a kan akidun Katolika na kin jinin zubar da ciki, wanda ke ba da shawarar cewa rayuwa tana farawa ne daga cikin ciki.  Hakanan yana inganta kanta a matsayin sahun gaba a shawarwarin hana yaduwar haihuwa.

A tsakiyar shekara 1990, an bayyana kamfen din ta na zubar da ciki a matsayin wanda ya fi tasiri irin na Operation Save America . 

Shenan J. Boquet ya ɗauki matsayin shugaban HLI a watan Nuwamban shekara ta 2011. 

## Duba wasu abubuwan

* Net din Kulawa
* Zuciya ta Duniya (ƙungiyar rayuwa)
* Iyali &amp;amp; Rayuwa

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Gidan yanar gizon rayuwar ɗan adam
Milena Holmgren

**Milena Holmgren** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1966) masaniyar ilimin tsabtace muhalli ta ƙasar Chile ce, wacce malama ce a Jami'ar Wageningen kuma marubuciya ce sama da 60 da aka yi bitar ƙwararru waɗanda aka buga su a cikin irin waɗannan mujallu kamar Frontiers in Ecology da Muhalli, Oikos, Science, da sauransu da yawa.

## Bincike
A watan Satumban shekara ta 2011 ta yi tafiya zuwa Guinea ta sama inda ita da ƙungiyarta suka bayyana dalilin da ya sa kashi 80% na nau'ikan jinsin suka fi son gandun ruwan sama a wurin. Kuma a ranar 2 ga watan Nuwamban,  shekara ta 2010 ta gano cewa a Atacama Desert kawai 2% na 12,150 tsaba tsira saboda da rashin ruwan sama wanda yake kasa da  . Abin ya ba ta mamaki, kawai *Senna cumingii* bai shafe ta ba saboda suna da dogaye.  A wannan shekarar kuma *tayi karatun Dicrodon guttulatum* wanda ake samu kawai a hamadar arewacin Peru wanda ke ciyar da kashi 78% na kwari da 12% akan tsirrai. Ta kuma gano cewa kananan yaran sun fi son nau'in tsirrai na *Prosopis pallida*, yayin da mata ke son su da sauran tsirrai ma. 

## Manazarta
 

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Milena Holmgren  
* Milena Holmgren  a Jami'ar Wageningen
Helen Roy

**Helen Elizabeth Roy**, MBE , FRES (an haife ta a ranar 6, ga watan Nuwamban shekara ta alif dari tara da sittin da tara 1969) masanin ilimin kimiyyar halittu ne na Burtaniya, masanin kimiyyar halitta, kuma masanin kimiyya, wanda ya kware a aphids da jinsunan da ba na asali ba. Tun daga shekara ta 2007, ta kuma kasance babbar masaniyar ilimin kimiyyar halittu da kimiyyar halittu a Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimin Lafiyar Ƙasa da Hydrology na NERC. Daga shekara ta 1997, zuwa shekara ta 2008, ta koyar a Jami'ar Anglia Ruskin, har ta kai matsayin Karatu a Ilimin Halittu. Ita ce mai tsarawa tare da binciken na UKbirbird, tare da Dr Peter Brown, malamin farfesa ne a Makarantar Kimiyyar Halittu, Jami'ar Karatu kuma shi ne Shugaban kungiyar Royal Entomological Society a yanzu.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi.

An haifi Roy a ranar 6, Nuwamba Nuwamban shekara ta 1969, a Plymouth, England. Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta Cowes, wata makarantar sakandare ta jihar a kan Tsibirin Wight Daga shekara ta 1989, zuwa shekara ta 1992, ta karanci ilmin sanin halittu a jami’ar Southampton, inda ta kammala karatun ta na digiri na biyu a kwalejin kimiyya (BSc). Daga shekarar 1993, shekara ta zuwa shekara ta 1994, tayi karatun kimiyyar muhalli a Jami'ar Nottingham, inda ta kammala karatun ta na digirin digir-gir ( Master of Science) (MSc). Ta ci gaba da zama a Nottingham don gudanar da digirin Doctor na Falsafa (PhD), wanda ta kammala a shekara ta 1997, tare da karatun digiri na  mai taken "Hadin kai tsakanin masu farautar aphid da cutar narkakkiyar kwayar cutar Erynia neoaphidis". 

## Daraja.

Roy ya sami lambar azurfa ta shekara ta 2012, ta kungiyar kula da dabbobi ta London "saboda gudummawar da ya bayar wajen fahimtar ilimin kimiyyar halittar jarirai da kiyayewa"  A cikin shekara ta Sabuwar Shekarar Sabuwar Shekarar 2018, an nada ta memba a cikin Umurnin Masarautar Burtaniya (MBE) "don aiyuka ga binciken bambancin halittu, sadarwa da kimiyyar dan kasa".  A cikin shekara ta 2020, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Kungiyar Hadin Kan Britishasa ta Burtaniya don aikinta a kimiyyar dan kasa da hadin gwiwar jama'a.

## Ayyukan da aka zaɓa.

*  
*  
*  

## Manazarta.
 
## Hanyoyin hadin waje.

* Farfesa Roy yana ba da lacca ga neanungiyar Linnean, 2019: Bayyana Ilimin Lafiyar Jama'a na vasananan kananan Baki.
* Farfesa Roy yayi magana game da kimiyyar dan kasa a wajen 'Rigor and Openness in 21st Century Science Conference'. 11th Afrilu 2013.
Ƴancin Ɗan Adam na Internet

**Human Rights Internet** (HRI) ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta wacce ke zaune a Ottawa, Ontario, Kanada tana tallafawa musayar bayanai tsakanin ƙungiyar haƙƙin ɗan adam ta duniya .

Masanin kimiyyar siyasa Laurie S. Wiseberg (sannan a Jami'ar Illinois a Chicago Circle) ne ya kirkiro shi, wanda ya buga batun farko na wasiƙar sa kuma ya aika ta zuwa kusan mutane Guda 100, galibi masanan kimiyyar zamantakewar jama'a da masana shari'a game da haƙƙin ɗan adam. .  An ƙaddamar da shi a cikin shekara ta 1976 a ƙarƙashin sunan *InterNet: kungiyar Sadarwar ƴancin ɗan Adam ta Duniya* **, ƙungiyar** ta yi amfani da kalmar InterNet shekaru shida kafin shigar da yarjejeniyar Intanet (TCP / IP) azaman daidaitaccen tsarin sadarwar kan ARPANET, wanda ya kasance madaidaiciyar hanyar Intanet ta zamani .  Asali kungiyar ta yi amfani da kalmar ne don komawa ga tunanin wata kungiya ta kasa da kasa ta kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam..

A cikin shekarun da suka gabata HRI ta yi aiki tare da gwamnatoci da dama, da gwamnatoci masu zaman kansu da kuma wadanda ba na gwamnati ba don tattarawa da yada bayanan 'yancin dan adam, don tayar da hankali da tattaunawa game da' yancin ɗan adam. Sannan kuma a yau, HRI na aiki don gina sararin kan layi inda mutane da ƙungiyoyi za su iya samun damar bayanai da albarkatun ɗan adam na yanzu; don ilmantar da ilimi, bayar da shawarwari da tattaunawa a Kanada da bayan.

An gudanar da shi a Jami'ar Connecticut 's Archives da Musamman a cikin Cibiyar Nazarin Thomas J. Dodd, Laurie S. Wiseberg da Harry Scoble Haɗin Intanet na 'Yancin Dan Adam sun ƙunshi ƙafafun layi na 343 na labarai, rahotanni, wasiƙa, ephemera, da sauran kayan aiki an karɓa daga ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na ƙungiyoyin masu zaman kansu.
## Misalan yancin kai
# *Yancin rayuwa*
# *Yancin yawo*'yawo*
# *Yancin mallakar wuri''

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* 'Yancin Dan Adam na Intanet
Isabelle Chuine

**Isabelle Chuine** 'yar ƙasar Faransa ce masaniyar kimiyyar muhalli. Ita ce Daraktar Bincike ta CEFE-CNRS a cikin Ayyuka da kuma Ilimin Halitta. An ba Chuine kyautar azurfa a shekara ta 2020 CNRS don ayyukanta.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Isabelle ta kasance farfesa ce a Jami'ar Montpellier 2.A shekarar 1999, ta gabatar da lakca a taron Kimiyyar Tsirrai karo na 16. A Ranar Kimiyya ta Duniya na shekarar 2020. Ta tattara bayanan kimiyyar 'yan kasa, game da furanni da kuma tsirrai.

## Ayyuka

*  
*  
*  

 

## Manazarta

* Isabelle Chuine publications indexed by Google Scholar
Joy Zedler

**Joy Buswell Zedler** (an haife ta a shekara ta alif dari tara da arba'in da uku miladiyya 1943)  wata Ba’amurkiya ce mai ilimin yanayin kasa kuma farfesa a fannin ilimin tsirrai a jami’ar Wisconsin – Madison (UW), tana da taken Aldo Leopold Chair of Restoration Ecology. Baya ga mahalli na maido da halittu, ta kuma kware a fannin kimiyyar halittar dausayi, nau'ikan da ba safai ba, mu'amala tsakanin 'yan asalin kasar da wadanda aka gabatar, da kuma tsarin daidaitawa.

## Ayyuka
Bayan samun digirin digirgir a fannin ilimin tsirrai a UW, Zedler a  shekara ta alif dari tara da sittin da tara 1969 ya koma San Diego, California, yayin da mijinta ya dauki aiki a Jami'ar San Diego State (SDSU). Ta zama memba a cikin SDSU kuma ta shiga cikin mai fafutuka Mike McCoy wajen hana Tashin Kogin Tijuana ci gaba da zama marina. Ta kirkiro Laboratory Research Estuarine na SDSU. 

A cikin shekara ta 1998, Zedler ta zama Aldo Leopold farfesa na Maido da Ilimin Lafiyar Qasa a UW. Zedler ta yaba wa Leopold, wanda shi ma ya yi aiki a UW, tare da mahimmin aikin sabunta mahalli.

Ita ma a shekarar1998 ta zama darektan bincike na UW Arboretum. Ta yi aiki a wannan matsayin na tsawon shekaru 18, ta kaddamar da karatu a cikin nau'ikan halittu masu haɗari, gami da yadda tsire-tsire na kasa ke iya kare tsarin halittun su.  Ta kasance marubucin shirin shekara ta 2010s don dawo da Masarautar Mesopotamia . 

Zedler ya ce mafi tasirin tasirin lalacewar dausayi nan take - wanda a cikin sa "mafi yawan asarar ta kasance saboda magudanar ruwa ga aikin gona" - shine karancin karyatawa, wanda na iya daga matakin nitrates a cikin ruwa akan adadin da ke da lafiya ga yara da mata masu ciki.  Ta lura cewa koda bayan kokarin maido da dausayi, yawancin yalwa da rabe-raben halittu ba zasu iya murmurewa daga lalacewa ba. 

Wani dan kungiyar Society of Wetland Scientists da Ecological Society of America, Zedler ya shirya mujallu na *Maido da Ilimin Lafiyar Jama'a* da *Earfafa Lafiya da Ci gaba*. Ta kasance tsohuwar mamba a kwamitin gudanarwa na The Nature Conservancy, da Asusun Tsaron Muhalli, da kuma Wisconsin State Natural Areas Presbevation Council.

## Daraja

* 2001 - William A. Niering Fitaccen Malamin Ilimi, Tarayyar Bincike na Yankin gabar teku da Estuarine 
* An sanya sunan Zedler Marsh, wani bangare na yankin Los Cerritos Wetlands, don girmama ta. 

## Zababbun wallafe-wallafe

; Labarai na jarida

*  
*  
*  

; Littattafai

*  
*  
*  
*  

## Manazarta
Muhammad Najib ar-Ruba'i

**Muhammad Najib ar-Ruba'i**(An haife shi a shekara ta 1904 - ya rasu a 1965). Ya kasance mazaunin Bagdaza a ƙasar Iraƙi ne.

## Tarihin rayuwa
Ya rayune a garin Bagdaza wacce ke kasan iraki, Vilayet, Ottoman Empire

## Mulkin Soja
Ya kasance yanada matsayi a mulkin soja har yakai matakin laftanar ganar.Banda matsayin dake da shi bugu da kari shi ne shugaban kasar Iraki na farko a Tarihance.

## Mutuwa
Ya mutune ne shekarar ta￼ 1965 a lokacin yana dan shekara(60 ko 61).Ya mutu ne a garin da ake wa sunaBagdaza

## Manazarta
Yancin Samun Ilimi

**Yancin Ilimi** (Wanda aka fasalta shi kamar R: Ed) gidauniya ce mai zaman kanta,  da ke aiki a kafofin watsa labarai na yanar gizo a yankin Afirka . Gidauniyar tana buga kayayyakin ilimi kyauta a cikin Yaren Ingilishi da Faransanci .

Ayyukan Dama don Ilimi sun kai mabiya 6.9M ta shafinta na Fezbuk wanda galibinsu suna yankin Saharar Afirka .  Sauran hanyoyin sun hada da TV da gidajen rediyo da ke a Afirka. Ƙungiyar ba ta da wata alaka ta siyasa ko addini.

An kafa wata 'yar uwa, REdy, a shekara ta  2020 don tallafawa ci gaban kasuwanci a yankin Afirka.

## Tarihi
Dakta Susann Dattenberg-Doyle (wacce ake kira Mama Ngoryisi a Ewe) ce ta kafa kungiyar 'Yancin Ilimi a shekara ta 2014, masaniyar halayyar dan adam kuma abokiyar tarayyar ƙungiyar halayyar dan adam ta Ingila . Ngoryisi ya fara shiga harkar ilimi ne a kasar Ghana a shekarar 1999 sannan ya bada kuɗin ƙirƙirar wata makaranta a shekara ta  2004 a Kpoeta a yankin Upper Volta 

A cikin shekara ta  2006, an nada Ngoryisi Sarauniyar Gbi Kpoeta, tana mai suna Mama Ngoryisi.  Duk da yunƙurin ƙirƙirar ƙarin makarantu a yankin, har yanzu akwai sauran batutuwa da yawa na samun dama ga albarkatun ilimi. A sakamakon haka, Ngoryisi ya canza akalar sa don samar da kayan ilimi ga mafi yawan masu sauraro ta hanyar sanya shi akan layi.

A shekara ta  2012, Ngoryisi ta kamfanin, ina Do Philanthropy, aka sanya NGO matsayi da Ghana gwamnati.

Hakkin Ilimi an kafa shi a shekara ta 2016.  Gidan yanar gizon tushe a halin yanzu yana riƙe da duk kayan karatun da aka buga.

A cikin shekara ta  2019, an kusatai tushe don haɗin gwiwa tare da Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Ghana.

## Ungiya
Hakkin Ilimi ya yi Rajistar Halin Sadaka a cikin Ireland Da matsayin NGO a kasar Ghana.

Abokan hulɗarta sun haɗa da Facebook da Jami'ar Oxford .

## Hanyar
Kayayyakin da Hakkin Ilimi ya wallafa an tsara su don samun ƙarancin farashin bayanai saboda ƙarancin hanyoyin sadarwa na intanet mai ƙarfi da tsada a duk faɗin kasashen Afirka.

Batutuwan da aka rufe sun hada da:

- 'Yancin Dan Adam

- Gida da iyali

- Doka da gudanar da mulki

- Lafiya da magani

- Kasuwanci

- Al'adar Afirka

- Kimiyya da fasaha

- Muhalli

Tun daga shekara ta 2020, Hakkin Ilimi ya haɗu da gidan talabijin na Ghana na Crystal TV da kuma dandamali na ilimantarwa na Burtaniya Kawancen Ilmantarwa don ƙaddamar da Kofin Chaalubalen Duniya, gasa ta duniya tare da ƙalubalen batun STEM. 

## Manazarta
Abby Rockefeller

**Abigail Aldrich Rockefeller** (An haife ta a shekara ta 1943) ƙwararriyar masaniyar yanayin ƙasa ce ta Amurka, mace, kuma memba na dangin Rockefeller . Ita ce babbar 'yar David Rockefeller da Margaret McGrath.

## Mata da siyasa-hagu
Abby Rockefeller ta halarci Kwalejin Conservatory ta New England a farkon shekara ta 1960, inda ta ci karo da malamai masu sukar rashin daidaito tsakanin jama'a a Amurka. Wannan kwarewar ta sa ta rungumi Markisanci, siyasar Fidel Castro da kyakkyawan ra'ayin mata.Ta shiga cikin kungiyar 'yanci mata ta Boston -area karkashin jagorancin Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, wanda daga baya ya canza suna zuwa Cell 16 .  Tare da Betsy Warrior, Dana Densmore, Jayne West da sauransu sun buga nazarin lalata mata.

Rockefeller da Jayne West sun haɗu da sauran membobin sel  guda 16 don inganta kare kai ga mata kuma sun ƙware a wasan karate . Sun kafa sittin Tae Kwon Do a cikin Boston kuma sun koyar da daruruwan mata wadanda, daga baya kuma suka koyar da wasu matan, suka zama masu ba da kariya ga mata. Wannan yunƙurin an fara shi ne saboda yawanci, idan ba a lura da shi ba, tozarta mata kan titi da cin zarafin mata a wannan zamanin. Bayan karanta littattafan Cell 16, musamman na farko "Journals of Female Liberation", Abby Rockefeller ya yanke shawarar kasancewa tare da su. Aya daga cikin labaran da ta ba da gudummawa ga mujallu na 'Yancin Mata shi ne Jima'i: Tushen Jima'i, wanda ya ba da sha'awar namiji ya sami dama da kuma kula da jima'i na mata don biyan buƙatunsu a matsayin abin tursasawa cikin jima'i.  Bayan da Trotskyites da jami'an FBI suka kutsa kai, Cell 16 ta rabu da rukunin ta na Liberationancin 'Yanta mata, wanda ke ba da damar gaban Trotskyist na ɗaukar mata masu neman mata.  

A cikin shekara ta 1970 Rockefeller ta juya zuwa ga muhalli, ta kafa kamfanin Clivus Multrum don ƙera banɗaki na takin da aka sani da wannan sunan.

## Manazarta
Ma'aikatar Kare Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam

Ma'aikatar **Kare Hakkin Dan-Adam** ita ce Ma'aikatar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Cikin Gida ta Georgia, wacce aka kirkira a ranar 11 ga Janairun, shekara ta 2018. Daraktan Sashen ita ce Madam Londa Toloraia.

## Ayyuka
Sashen Kare Hakkin Dan-Adam na Ma’aikatar Harkokin Cikin Gida yana tabbatar da amsar lokaci da kuma bincike mai inganci game da wasu bangarorin shari’ar:

* Rikicin cikin gida
* Cin zarafin mata
* Laifukan da aka aikata a. kan wariyar ƙasa
* Fataucin mutane
* Laifin da / ko matasa suka aikata.

Domin bayar da amsa akan lokaci kuma tabbatar da ingantaccen bincike Sashen Sune kamar haka:

* Yana gudanar da sa-ido kan bincike da ayyukan gudanarwa;
* Yayi nazarin sakamakon saka idanu, akan hakan ne yake tsara ayyukan gaba daban-daban (misali: kafa doka, rigakafi, da sauran su) ;
* Sanar da sakamakon sa ido ga duk mutanen da ke hulɗa da laifuka da keta dokokin gudanarwa waɗanda suka faɗi ƙarƙashin ikon Sashen;
* Developirƙira shawarwari don gano lahani a cikin aikin sa ido;
* Dangane da sakamakon sa ido, yana ƙayyade bukatun horon masu bincike kuma yana shiga cikin tsarin haɓaka cancantar su;
* Gano Masu binciken waɗanda za a iya ƙarfafa su don yin aikinsu na aminci;
* Developaddamar da shawarwari, dabaru da tsare-tsaren aiki don tabbatar da rigakafi da ingantaccen bincike game da laifukan da muka ambata a sama;
* Tsara da aiwatar da matakan kariya;
* Binciken maganganun 'yan ƙasa da gunaguni, idan ya cancanta, ya sadu da su;
* Yana aiki tare da duk hukumomin jihar, ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa da ke aiki a kan batutuwan da suka shafi ƙwarewar Sashen.

## Bayanin lamba
Kowane ɗan ƙasa na iya aika duk wata shawara, himma zuwa adireshin imel na Sashen Kare Hakkin Dan-Adam da nufin ɗaukar matakan da ya dace game da laifin a ƙarƙashin ƙwarewar Ma'aikatar.

* E-mail: adamianisuflebebi@mia.gov.ge

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Game da Ma'aikatar 
* Manufa da Dabara
Haɗakar Ƴancin Ɗan'adam na Ƙasashe Rainon-Ingila

The **Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative** (CHRI) tsari ne mai zaman kanta, da ba siyasaba. Ita dai CHRI kungiyar agaji ce ta kasa da kasa da ba na gwamnati ba, kungiyar tana aiki a wajen ganin an kare hakkin dan adam a cikin kasashe na mambobin Commonwealth.

CHRI na da manufofin inganta wayar da kan jama'a da kuma riko da hakkokin yan-adam a kasashen mambobin Commonwealth, haka zuwa wasu kasashen don gina cibiyoyin goyon bayan yan-adam ta fuska ko tsarin Commonwealth.

Kungiyar ta kware ne kan batutuwan nuna gaskiya da rikon amana, tare da mai da hankali kan samun adalci da samun bayanai akan inganta Kare hakkin jama'a. Kungiyar ta fi aiki a Kudancin Asiya, Gabashin Afirka, da yankin Ghana. A duk fadin kasashe 52 na kungiyar Commonwealth, lokaci-lokaci tana lura da ci gaba ko koma ci bayan da hakkin dan kasa ke samu a tsarin siyasa, tare da taimakon bincike, bita, da hadin gwiwa da sauran hanyoyin sadar da sakwanin hakin mutane ga jama'a. Kuma a cikin shekara ta 2017, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu sun kunshi sama da ma'aikata Guda 50 da kwararrun, masu aiki a New Delhi, London, da Accra .

## Tarihi.
An kafa CHRI a cikin Shekara ta 1987, ta fuslkar kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu guda shida na Commonwealth kamar haka : kungiyar Lauyoyi na Commonwealth, kungiyar Ilimi ta Shari'a ta Commonwealth, kungiyar 'Yan Jaridu ta Commonwealth, kungiyar' Yan Majalisun Tarayya, kungiyar 'Yan Jaridu ta Commonwealth da kungiyar Watsa Labarai ta Commonwealth . An kafa CHRI ne bisa yarjejjeniyar cewa, yayin da kasashen Commonwealth ke da ka'idodin iri daya da kuma dandalin dazasu aiki daga gare su, ba a mai da hankali sosai kan al'amuran hakkin ɗan adam ba.

Canjin hedikwata daga London zuwa New Delhi yanke shawara ce ta hankali, jagorantar bukata ta kasance cikin ci gaba 'Kudu'. CHRI ta girma tun daga yanzu kuma dangi ne na ofisoshi a Delhi, London da Accra . Ofishi a Accra, Ghana yana daidaita aiki a Afirka kuma ƙaramin ofishi a London yana aiki ne a matsayin ofishin tuntubar juna. Kowane ofishi an yi masa rajista azaman kebabbun kungiya ta doka karkashin dokokin kasar da take.

An amince da kungiyar a hukumance ga Tarayyar, tana da matsayin mai sanya ido tare da Kwamitin Kula da Hakkokin Dan Adam da na Afirka kuma tana da matsayin tuntuba tare da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Tattalin Arziki da Tattalin Arziki . CHRI kuma memba ne na kungiyar Commonwealth Family network na kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu kuma galibi suna hada kai da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da Hakkin Dan Adam .

## Ka'idoji da Manufofin.
CHRI tana da hannu dumu-dumu a cikin yaki da wadannan take hakkin dan adam:

* Azabtarwa a hannun ‘yan sanda
* Rashin tilastawa
* Kamawa da tsarewa ba bisa ka'ida ba
* Cin Hanci da Rashawa
* Mutuwa a tsare
* Kisan gilla
* Yanayin Kurkuku mara kyau
* Bautar zamani
* Musan ' yancin samun bayanai

Ƙungiyar ta kuma ba da shawara ga masu zuwa Kamar haka:

* Hakkin bayani
* Gyaran gidan yari
* Gyaran ‘Yan Sanda
* Kariyar Masu Kare 'Yancin Bil'adama da Masu Tallafawa
* Dimokiradiyya
* 'Yancin' yan jarida
* 'Yancin jama'a da siyasa
* Gwamnatin nuna gaskiya da kuma ba da lissafi.

## Manazarta.
Ƴancin Ɗan Adam na Hindu

**Ƴancin Dan Adam na Hindu** ( **HHR** ) ƙungiya ce ta Kingdomasar Burtaniya, tana mai bayyana matsayin ta "ilimantar da mutane game da haƙƙin ɗan Adam na Hindu". Wannan rukunin yana kula da gidan yanar gizon da ke ba da rahoton ba haka ba game da labarai game da tsananta wa Hindu ko lalata gidajen ibada. Wannan rukuni kuma suna buga labarai game da Hindu da haƙƙin ɗan adam.

## Bayani
HHR ta sami nasarar gudanar da kamfen da yawa ciki har da zagi da amfani da gumakan Hindu ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba, da tsananta wa Hindu a Bangladesh da Pakistan da kuma koke-koke da yawa.  A yaƙin neman zaɓe da Roberto Cavalli 's bikinis da thongs da hasashe na Hindu abũbuwan jagoranci zanen janye duk m tufafi. 

Yaƙin neman zaɓe da suka ƙaddamar a kan zanen mai suna MF Hussain na nuna allolin Hindu da ke lalata da yara ya zama sananne a cikin jaridun duniya.  Wasu sun hango kamfen din a matsayin takunkumi da kuma adawa da 'yancin fasaha. 

Duk da haka masu sukar addinin Hindu sun nuna Caricature nasa na addinin Hindu shi kadai- "MFHussein ya zabi ya nuna batanci ga Allahn Hindu wadanda akasarinsu ke bautawa idan Indiyawan suka kasance. Kuma mizani biyu da ya yi amfani da su cikin cikakkiyar sutturar Uwa Teresa da sarkin Musulmi, amma wanda ke nuna gumakan Hindu kawai tsirara ya ci amanar hanyarsa ta karkacewa. Sun yi kamanceceniya da zanga-zangar da aka yi game da zane-zanen Danemark da gaskiyar cewa Fentin ba shi da irin waɗannan ayyukan kirkirar game da imaninsa. 

A cikin watan Afrilun shekara ta 2004, Babban Kotun Delhi ta sami Hussain da laifin batanci da ra'ayin addini. Mai girma Justice Kapoor ya ce: " 

## Duba kuma

* Gidauniyar Hindu ta Amurka

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* 
* Shafin Yanar Gizo na 'Yancin Dan Adam na Hindu (don Masu kallo a Indiya)
Ƴancin yin zanga-zanga

**Ƴancin yin zanga-zanga na** iya zama wata alama ta 'yancin walwala a cikin taro, da 'yancin walwala da kuma ' yancin faɗin albarkacin baki.  Bugu da ƙari, zanga-zanga da takurawa kan zanga-zangar sun dawwama muddin gwamnatoci suka ki yin wani abu da mutane ke so. 

Yarjejeniyoyi da yawa na fadin duniya su na ƙunshe da bayyananniyar haƙƙin zanga-zanga. Irin wadannan yarjeniyoyin sun haɗa da Yarjejeniyar Turai game da ƴancin Dan Adam ta shekarar 1950, musamman Labarai na 9 zuwa 11; da kuma Yarjejeniyar ƙasa da ƙasa ta shekarar 1966 kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Siyasa, musamman Labari na 18 zuwa 22. Labarai na 9 sun ambaci "'yancin walwala da tunani, da lamiri, da addini."  Mataki na 10 ya ambaci "'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki."  Mataki na 11 ya ambaci "'yancin walwala tare da wasu, gami da' yancin kafa da kuma shiga kungiyoyin ƙwadago domin kare muradunsa."  Koyaya, a cikin waɗannan da sauran yarjeniyoyin haƙƙin ƴanci na taro,' yanci ƙungiya, da 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki suna ƙarƙashin wasu iyakoki. Misali, Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Siyasa ta kunshi haramci kan" farfagandar yaki" da kuma bayar da fatawar "kiyayya ta kasa, ko ta launin fata ko ta addini"; kuma yana ba da izinin taƙaita 'yanci don haɗuwa idan ya zama dole "a cikin al'ummar dimokiradiyya don kare lafiyar ƙasa ko amincin jama'a, tsarin jama'a, kiyaye lafiyar jama'a ko ɗabi'a ko kiyaye haƙƙoƙi da' yancin wasu. " (Labarai na 20 da 21)  Yana da muhimmanci a lura cewa wurare daban-daban sun wuce bayanin kansu game da waɗannan haƙƙoƙin.

Zanga-zangar, ba lallai ba ne tashin hankali ko barazana ga buƙatun tsaron ƙasa ko lafiyar jama'a. Kuma ba lallai ne ya zama rashin biyayya ga jama'a ba, lokacin da zanga-zangar ba ta ƙunshi keta dokokin ƙasa ba. Zanga-zangar, ko da kamfen na adawa mara ƙarfi, ko adawa ta gari, na iya kasancewa da hali (ƙari ga yin amfani da hanyoyin da ba na nuna bambanci ba) na tallafawa kyakkyawan tsarin dimokiraɗiyya da tsarin mulki. Wannan na iya faruwa, alal misali, idan irin wannan tsayin daka ya taso don mayar da martani ga juyin mulkin soja ;  ko kuma a wani abu makamancin wannan na kin shugabancin jihar na mika wuya ga ofis bayan shan kaye a zabe.

## Duba wasu abubuwan

* Kai tsaye aiki
* Zanga-zanga (zanga-zanga)
* Zanga-zanga
* Dama na juyi 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
* San Hakkokinku: Zanga-zanga da Zanga-zanga (PDF) - Civilungiyar Libancin Yancin Americanasashen Amurka
Martine Tabeaud

**Martine Tabeaud** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1951) masaniya ce a fannin ilimin ƙasa da yanayin ƙasa. Tun daga shekara ta 1977, tana koyarwa a Jami'ar Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An kuma haife ta a shekara ta 1951, Tabeaud ta sami DESS a cikin hangen nesa kuma ta yi karatu a Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière . Kuma a cikin shekara ta 2019, an naɗa ta a matsayin manajan darakta na International Geography Festival (FIG). Aikinta ya bayyana a cikin *Liberation*. 

## Bibliography

* *La climatologie générale,* Armand Colin, 2008. 
* " L'Établissement Al-Assad, ferme d'État sur l'Euphrate avant la liquidation na 2000 : quelques effets pervers d'une approche de développement ''top'' *""asa",* *Méditerranée*, 119; 2012.

## Manazarta
Xiye Bastida

**Xiye Bastida** (an haife ta a ranar 18 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 2002) 'year Kasar Mexico ce da ke gwagwarmayar sauyin yanayi kuma memba ta 'yar asalin ƙasar Mexico ta Otomi - Toltec . Ita ce ɗayan manyan masu shirya Juma'a don Makomar New York City kuma ta kasance jagorar murya ga igenan asali da baƙin haure a cikin gwagwarmayar yanayi.  Tana cikin kwamiti na gudanarwa na Yankin Yanayin Jama'a kuma memba ce na Fitowar Rana da Tawayen Tawaye . Ita ce kuma wacce ta kirkiro da shirin sake-duniya Initiative, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta ta kasa da kasa wacce ke kunshe da hadin kai "kamar yadda yanayin yanayi ya kamata."

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi

Bastida an haife ta ne a Atlacomulco, kasar Mexico ga iyayenta Mindahi da Geraldine, waɗanda su ma masu kula da muhalli,  kuma sun girma a garin San Pedro Tultepec a Lerma .   Ita 'yar Otomi ce - Toltec (' yar asalin Mezikowa) da Aztec a gefen mahaifinta kuma dan asalin Chile da na Turai akan mahaifiyarta.   Bastida ta mallaki ɗan ƙasa na Mexico da Chile. 

Bastida da iyalinta sun ƙaura zuwa Birnin New York bayan mummunar ambaliyar ruwa ta afkawa garinsu na San Pedro Tultepec a cikin shekara ta 2015 bayan shekaru uku na fari. 

Bastida ta halarci Makarantar Beacon .  Ta fara karatunta a Jami’ar Pennsylvania a shekarar 2020. 

## Kunnawa
Bastida ta fara fafutukar ta da Ƙungiyar kula da muhalli. Kulob din ya yi zanga-zanga a Albany da New York City Hall kuma ya yi kira ga CLCPA [Dokar Kariyar Yanayi da Shugabannin Al'umma] da Dokar Gine-ginen datti .  A lokacin ne ta ji labarin Greta Thunberg da yajin aikinta.

Bastida ta gabatar da jawabi a kan Cosmology na 'Yan Asalin Duniya a taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 9 na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, kuma an ba ta lambar yabo "Ruhun UN" a cikin shekara ta 2018. 

Bastida ta jagoranci makarantar sakandaren ta, Makarantar Beacon,  a yajin aikin farko na farko da aka fara a cikin Birnin New York a ranar 15 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2019.  Ita da Alexandria Villaseñor a hukumance sun gai da Thunberg bayan ta dawo daga Turai ta jirgin ruwa a watan Satumba na shekara ta 2019 don halartar taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Yanayi.  An kirkiro Xiye " Greta Thunberg na Amurka " amma ya ce "kiran matasa masu gwagwarmaya 'Greta Thunberg' na kasarsu na rage kwarewar Greta da kuma gwagwarmayar daidaikun mutane".  

*Teen Vogue* fito da wani shirin takaice *Mun Tashi* a kan Bastida a watan Disamban shekara ta 2019.  Bastida ya kuma haɗa gwiwa tare da fim na 2040 don ƙirƙirar ɗan gajeren bidiyo mai taken *[https://ed.ted.com/best_of_web/kpN3w89R Ka yi tunanin Makomar]* don bincika yadda shimfidar wurare da shimfidar wurare na gaba za su kasance a nan gaba.

Bastida ta ba da gudummawa ga tattara mata marubuta game da canjin yanayi *Duk Muna Iya Ceton* . 

## Filmography

* *Mun tashi* (2019)
* *tunanin makomar* (2020)

## Manazarta
Mujiya

## Hotuna
 

**Mujiya** tana daga cikin jinsin tsuntsuye waɗanda suke da matsakaicin girma, tana da manyan idanu wa. Ƴan'uwanta tsuntsaye, da suke cin nama sune kamar shaho, Angulu da dai sauran su. Sai dai duk da girman idanunta bata gani da rana, shiyasa ma bata yawo sai da dare, saboda idan ta fito da rana tsuntsaye da sauran dabbobi zasu kashe ta, don kuwa basa shiri ko misƙala zarratin. Itama mujiya bata barin su (tsuntsaye) da sauran ƙananan dabbobi irin su Ƙadangare saboda tana farautar su da dare tana cinye su. Akwai wani kalan kuka da mujiya take yi da daddare, to idan har tayi kalan kukan dole ko wane tsuntsu ya nemi mafaka. Haka masana sun bayyana cewar ita mujiya tana Kuma da gira har guda uku (3) ta farko tana amfani da ita wajen goge ido, haka akwai wadda take ƙyafta ido, sai kuma girar da mujiya take bacci da ita, shi ya haɗa gira uku kenan. Wasu kuma suna asiri da mujiya kamar ƴan indiya. Haka kuma a ƙasar Hausa a na yin wani karin magana wai "Reshe ya juye da mujiya" .

## Manazarta
Botswana National Museum

**Ma'adanar gidan kayan tarihi ta Botswana** wanda aka fi sani da National Museum da Art Gallery, yana cikin babban birnin Botswana na Gaborone kuma cibiya ce ta fannoni da yawa da suka haɗa da National Art Gallery da Octagon Gallery, kazalika - tun daga Nuwamba 2007 - National Lambun Botanical. Yana nuna al'adun gargajiya na Botswana da zane-zane da nufin bikin ayyukan masu zane-zanen gida.

Har ila yau, gidan kayan tarihin yana tattare da adana Tsodilo, yanki na farko da kasar ta gada a duniya, da sauran kokarin. Shi ne mai kula da Tsholofelo Park, wurin da aka binne "negro na Banyoles," da aka sani da "El Negro" a Botswana, bayan dawowar gawar daga Darder Museum of Banyoles, a Spain.

An kafa gidan kayan tarihin a 1967 ta hanyar Dokar Majalisar kuma an bude shi a hukumance a cikin 1968. Gidan kayan tarihin ya yi bikin cika shekara 40 a shekara ta 2008 a karkashin tutar "Museum as Agents of Agents of Change Change and Development", wanda ya yi amfani da madubi wanda ya yi amfani da shi ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Gidajen Tarihi.

## Gallery na National Museum of Botswana

File:Kgotla at the national museum of Botswana(Provides information about the kgotla) 2.jpg|Sanya hannu ga Kgotla a gidan adana kayan tarihin kasar Botswana
File:Traditional House at the national museum Botswana 2.jpg|Gidan Gargajiya a kasar Boswana
File:Botswana Society (National museum).jpg|Kungiyar Botswana (gidan kayan gargajiya na ƙasa)
File:Traditional thatched house at the national museum of Botswana 4.jpg|Gidan gargajiya na gargajiya a gidan kayan gargajiya na Botswana
File:Traditional thatched house at the national museum of Botswana 6.jpg|Gidan gargajiya na gargajiya a gidan kayan gargajiya na Botswana
File:Toilets at the national museum of Botswana.jpg|Wuta a gidan kayan gargajiya na Botswana


## Manazarta
Tudun Kgale

**Tudun Kgale** (Setswana don "Wurin da ya bushe") tudu ce da ke Gaborone, Botswana. Wanda akewa lakabi da "Giant mai bacci", Kgale Hill ya kai tsawan tsauni na mita 1,287 (kafa 4,222) sama da matakin teku. Tsaunin ya kasance gida ga mai maimaita talabijin kuma yanzu ya zama wurin yawon shakatawa.

## Hawa da hutu
Masu yawo suna da zaɓi na hanyoyi uku don hawa zuwa ƙwanƙolin. Yayin tafiyar awa daya zuwa saman, yawanci masu yin tattaki na iya ganin dakaru na dabobbi.

Tudun shine wurin gasar PPC King of the Hill, haɗin gwiwa tsakanin PPC Botswana da Gaborone Runners Club. Gasar kilomita 15 (mil 9.3) ta fara ne daga ofishin PPC Botswana, sannan kuma ya wuce Game City Mall, iska a kewayen Kgale Quarry, ya hau kan tsaunin, ya koma ofishin PPC Botswana.

## Manazarta na al'adu
Yin fim don Kungiyar Binciken Ladwararrun Mata ta 1 ta faru a ƙasan Kgale Hill, wanda ya haifar da laƙabin "Kgalewood" don saitin. Masu shirya wasan kwaikwayon sun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekara goma ga yankin, kuma gwamnatin Botswana ta sanya dala miliyan 5 a shirin TV din domin bunkasa shirin yawon bude ido.

## Gallery

File:Kgale Hill 1.jpg
File:Kgale Hill 3.jpg 
File:Kgale Hill 4.jpg 


## Manazarta
Rushewar Loropéni

**Rushewar Loropéni** (  ), wani wurin tarihi ne na zamanin da kusa da garin Loropéni a kudancin Burkina Faso . An saka su cikin jerin abubuwan tarihi na UNESCO a cikin 2009. Waɗannan kango su ne wurin tarihi na duniya na farko a ƙasar. Wurin, wanda ya kai , ya haɗa da ɗimbin bangon dutse wanda ya ƙunshi kagara na zamanin da, mafi kyawun adana goma a yankin. Sun kasance aƙalla shekaru dubu. Mazaunan Lohron ko Kulango ne suka mamaye wurin kuma ya sami ci gaba daga cinikin zinari da ke ƙetare sahara, ya kai tsayinsa tsakanin ƙarni na 14 da 17. An yi watsi da shi a farkon karni na 19.  

## Magana
Iking Ferry

**Ikechukwu Emmanuel Mbadiwe** (an haife shi 6 ga Satumba 1996), wanda aka fi sani da Iking Ferry, ɗan Nijeriya ne da ya samu lambar yabo mai yawa ta hanyar tallata waƙoƙin ƙasa da ƙasa kuma masanin fasaha, wanda ya mallaki gidan yanar gizo mai suna Naijatraffic, Iking Ferry mai ba da tallafi ne kuma mai tallata dijital.

## Farkon Rayuwa da Ilimi
An haife Ferry ne a ranar 6 ga watan  Satumba 1996 Jihar Ebonyi a kudu maso gabashin Najeriya. Ferry ya kammala karatunsa na firamare A Mkpuma Ekwaoku Community Primary School da kuma Secondary Education a Union Secondary School Ndiezeoke. Daga nan Iking Ferry ta tafi kwalejin ilimi ta Yaba (YABATECH), mashahurin kwalejin kimiyya da fasaha a Nijeriya. Ferry ta karanci Kasuwancin Kiɗa da Tallace-tallace na Dijital a Kwalejin Kiɗa ta Los Angeles. Ya kuma karanci Harkar banki a Jami'ar Jihar Legas (UNILAG).

## Ayyuka
Bayan kammala makarantar sakandare, Ferry ya koma jihar Legas don fara kasuwancin injiniyan wayar salula a shekarar 2015. Daga baya Ferry ya zama mai son Kiɗa inda ya zama marubucin waƙa. Ferry ya faɗaɗa aikinsa na kiɗa, ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Kiɗa na Los Angeles a California, inda ya karanci kasuwancin kiɗa da tallan dijital a kan layi. Yayi bincike sosai game da kasuwancin kaɗe kaɗe kuma ya sami damar koyon komai game da shirye-shirye da cigaban yanar gizo.

A cikin shekarar  2018 ya samar da ɗayan manyan shagunan yaɗa raƙuman kiɗa a Najeriya, "Naijatraffic" kamfanin watsa labarai da kamfanin labarai wanda ke mai da hankali kan masana'antar kiɗa.

## Manazarta
Samuel colt

**Samuel Colt** (An haife she a shekara ta 19 yuli, shekara ta 1814) (Hartfort, Connecticut, United Stated).

## Iyali
Yana da mata mai Suna Elizabeth Colt.

## Ayyukan Sa da dukiyar sa
Samuel Colt yayi ayuka da dama wanda yakasance shine mutum na fari da ya kirkiri bindiga ma'ana(Gun).

## Mutuwa
Ya mutu a ranar 10 ga watan Janairu 1862, A garin Hartfort, Connecticut,a garin United State dake garin amurka.

Yakasan ce yanada kimanin kudi miliyan dubu goma sha biyar ($15), yayin da ya mutu.

## Manazarta
Mare aux Hippopotames

**Mare aux Hippopotames** (Lake of Hippopotamuses) shine tabki da filin shakatawa na ƙasa a Burkina Faso, an kirkireshi a 1937 kuma aka sanya shi a cikin 1977 a matsayin kawai UNESCO Biosphere Reserve a cikin ƙasar. An ƙirƙiri wurin shakatawa a kusa da wani tafkin ruwa mai ƙyalƙyali kuma ya haɗa da keɓaɓɓun kududdufai da zagaye a cikin ambaliyar kogin Black Volta, da kuma gandun daji kewaye da shi. Gidan shakatawa yana da gida game da hippos kusan 100; game da eco-yawon bude ido 1000 ziyarci kowace shekara. Tana kusa da kilomita 60 (mi 37) a arewacin Bobo-Dioulasso, kuma kanta tana da kusan kilomita murabba'in 163 (63 sq mi) a cikin girma.

Mare aux Hippopames yana daga cikin dausayin da ke da mahimmancin ƙasashe kamar yadda Yarjejeniyar Ramsar ta bayyana.

 

## Manazarta
Black Volta

**Black Volta** ko **Mouhoun** kogi ne da ya ratsa ta Burkina Faso wanda ke tafiyar kimanin kilomita 1,352 (840 mi) zuwa White Volta a Dagbon, Ghana. Tushen Black Volta yana cikin Yankin Cascades na Burkina Faso, kusa da Dutsen Tenakourou, wuri mafi girma na ƙasar. Arin zuwa can yana daga cikin iyakar tsakanin Ghana da Cote d'Ivoire da Burkina Faso. A cikin Ghana, ya samar da iyaka tsakanin Yankin Savannah da Yankin Bono. An gina Bui Dam a kogin Ghana. Kogin ya raba Bui National Park a Ghana.

## Manazarta