Jerin mafi girman fashewar aman wuta

A cikin ffashewa dutsen mai aman wuta, ana fitar da lava,  na dutsen mai aman wuta. Duk da yake fashewa da yawa suna haifar da haɗari ne kawai ga yankin da ke kewaye da su, fashewar mafi girma na Duniya na iya samun babban tasiri na yanki ko ma na duniya, tare da wasu da ke shafar yanayi kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga halakawar jama'a. Ana iya kwatanta fashewar dutsen wuta gabaɗaya a matsayin fashewar fashewa, fashewar duwatsu da toka, ko fashewar faduwa, fasalin fashewar laka mai sauƙi. An ba da jerin daban-daban a ƙasa don kowane nau'in.

Wataƙila akwai irin wannan fashewa da yawa a lokacin Tarihin Duniya fiye da waɗanda aka nuna a cikin waɗannan jerin. Koyaya rushewa da tectonics na farantin sun ɗauki nauyin su, kuma fashewa da yawa ba su bar isasshen shaida ga masu ilimin ƙasa don tabbatar da girman su ba. Ko da ga fashewar da aka lissafa a nan, kimantawa na ƙarar da ta fashe na iya zama ƙarƙashin rashin tabbas.

## Fashewar Abubuwa
A cikin fashewar Abubuwa, fashewar magma yana motsawa ta hanyar saurin sakin matsa lamba, sau da yawa ya haɗa da fashewar iskar gas da aka narkar da a cikin kayan.  Shahararrun fashewar tarihi da barna sun fi irin wannan.  Wani lokaci mai fashewa zai iya ƙunshi fashewa guda ɗaya, ko jerin fashewa da yawa ya bazu cikin kwanaki da yawa, makonni ko watanni.  Fashewar fashewa yakan haɗa da kauri, mai ɗanɗano sosai, silicic ko magma felsic, mai girma cikin maras ƙarfi kamar tururin ruwa da carbon dioxide.  Abubuwan Pyroclastic sune samfurin farko, yawanci a cikin nau'i na tuff.  Fashewar girman wancan a tafkin Toba shekaru 74,000 da suka gabata, aƙalla kilomita 2,800 cubic (670 cu mi), ko fashewar Yellowstone shekaru 620,000 da suka gabata, kusan kilomita 1,000 cubic (240 cu mi), yana faruwa a duk duniya kowace shekara 50,000 zuwa 1000,000, &nbsp;

## Fashewar fashewa

Fashewar Abubuwa ya ƙunshi ɗan ƙarami mai sauƙi, kwararar lava maimakon manyan fashe.  Za su iya ci gaba har tsawon shekaru ko shekarun da suka gabata, suna samar da ruwa mai yawa na mafic lava.  Misali, Kīlauea a kan Hawai'i ta ci gaba da fashewa daga 1983 zuwa 2018, tana samar da lava mai nisan kilomita 2.7 (1 cu mi) wanda ya mamaye fiye da murabba'in kilomita 100 (sq mi).  Duk da kamannun kamanninsu, fashewar fashewar na iya zama mai haɗari kamar fashewar fashewa: ɗaya daga cikin fashewar fashewar mafi girma a tarihi ya faru a Iceland lokacin fashewar Laki na 1783-1784, wanda ya samar da kusan kilomita 15 cubic (4 cu mi) na lava kuma ya kashe kashi ɗaya cikin biyar na al'ummar Iceland.    Rikicin da ya biyo baya ga yanayin yana iya kuma ya kashe miliyoyi a wasu wurare Har yanzu mafi girma shine fashewar Icelandic na Katla (fashewar Eldgjá) kusan 934, mai nisan kilomita 18 (4 cu mi) na fashewar lava, da fashewar Þjórsárhraun na Bárðarbunga kusan 67025 BCE, tare da murabba'in kilomita 67025 BCE.  fashewa, na karshen shine fashewa mafi girma a cikin shekaru 10,000 da suka gabata.  Filayen lava na waɗannan fashewar sun auna 565 km2 (Laki), 700 km2 (Eldgjá) da 950 km2 (Þjórssárhraun).

## Manyan larduna masu cin wuta

Lokaci mai yawa na dutsen wuta a cikin abin da ake kira manyan larduna masu zafi sun samar da manyan tsaunuka na teku da ambaliyar ruwa a baya. Wadannan na iya kunshe da daruruwan manyan fashewa, suna samar da miliyoyin cubic kilomita na laka gabaɗaya. Babu wani babban fashewar ambaliyar ruwa da ya faru a tarihin ɗan adam, mafi kwanan nan ya faru sama da shekaru miliyan 10 da suka gabata. Sau da yawa ana danganta su da rushewar manyan nahiyoyi kamar Pangea a cikin rikodin ilimin ƙasa,  kuma suna iya ba da gudummawa ga yawancin halaka. Yawancin manyan larduna masu cin wuta ko dai ba a yi nazari sosai ba don tabbatar da girman fashewar su, ko kuma ba a kiyaye su da kyau don yin hakan ba. Yawancin fashewar da aka lissafa a sama sun fito ne daga manyan larduna biyu kawai: tarkon Paraná da Etendeka da Columbia River Basalt Group. Wannan shi ne mafi girman lardin da ke cikin wuta, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙanƙanta. Jerin manyan larduna masu zafi ya biyo baya don samar da wasu alamun yawan manyan fashewa da za su iya ɓacewa daga jerin da aka bayar a nan.