Uta Hagen

**Uta Thyra Hagen** (12 Yuni 1919 - 14 Janairu 2004) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Jamus da Amurka kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. Ta samo asali ne daga rawar Martha a cikin 1962 Broadway premiere na Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? ta hanyar Edward Albee, wanda ya kira ta "a deeply truthful actress. " Saboda Hagen ta kasance a cikin jerin sunayen baƙar fata na Hollywood, a wani bangare saboda dangantakarta da Paul Robeson, damar fim dinta ta ragu kuma ta mayar da hankali ga aikinta a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na New York.

Daga baya ta zama malamin wasan kwaikwayo mai tasiri sosai a Herbert Berghof Studio na New York kuma ta rubuta rubutun wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyawun siyarwa, Respect for Acting, tare da Haskel Frankel,  da A Challenge for the Actor . Babban gudummawar da ta bayar ga ilimin wasan kwaikwayo shine jerin "aikin motsa jiki" wanda aka gina akan aikin Konstantin Stanislavski da Yevgeny Vakhtangov.

An zabe ta a cikin Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Amurka a shekarar 1981.  Ta lashe lambar yabo ta Tony sau biyu don 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau a wasan kwaikwayo kuma ta sami lambar yabo ta musamman ta Tony don nasarar rayuwa a shekarar 1999.

### Rayuwa ta farko
An haife ta ne a Göttingen, Jamus,  'yar Thyra A. (née Leisner), mai horar da mawaƙa na opera, da Oskar Hagen,  masanin tarihin fasaha da mawaƙa, Hagen da iyalinta sun yi hijira zuwa Amurka a 1924. Uta ta girma ne a Madison, Wisconsin; mahaifinta ya koyar a Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison .  Shekaru na farko a Jamus sun shafar karuwar sauye-sauyen siyasa a Turai, wanda zai kara da rikitarwa ga shawarar da suka yanke na ƙaura. Ta bayyana a cikin shirye-shiryen Jami'ar Wisconsin High School da kuma a cikin shirye'shiryen bazara na Wisconsin Players . Ta yi karatun wasan kwaikwayo a takaice a Royal Academy of Dramatic Art a 1936.  Bayan ta kwashe semester daya a Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison, inda mahaifinta ya kasance shugaban sashen tarihin fasaha, sai ta tafi Birnin New York a shekarar 1937.  Matsayinta na farko na sana'a shine a matsayin Ophelia a gaban Eva Le Gallienne a matsayin *[[Hamlet]]* a Dennis, Massachusetts, a 1936. 

### Ayyuka
An jefa Hagen, da farko, a matsayin Ophelia ta hanyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Eva Le Gallienne. Hagen ya ci gaba da taka leda (yana da shekaru 18) a matsayin jagora na Nina a cikin wani Broadway samar da Anton Chekhov's The Seagull tare da Alfred Lunt da Lynn Fontanne .  "The Lunts," daga Baƙo ta bayyana, "sun kasance babban tasiri a rayuwata. "Ta yi sha'awar "sha'awar su ga gidan wasan kwaikwayo, da kuma horo. "  Mai sukar The New York Times Brooks Atkinson ya yaba da Nina a matsayin "alheri da burin jiki". 

Ta buga wasan *Saint Joan* na George Bernard Shaw (1951) a Broadway, da kuma Desdemona a cikin wani shiri wanda ya zagaya. Daga baya ta yi aiki tare da Paul Robeson a cikin Shakespeare's Othello; mijinta na lokacin José Ferrer shine Iago . Ta ɗauki matsayin Blanche DuBois a cikin A Streetcar Named Desire don yawon shakatawa na ƙasa, wanda Harold Clurman ya jagoranta. A cikin Respect for Acting, ta yaba da abubuwan da ta gano tare da Clurman a matsayin matattarar abin da daga baya za ta bincika tare da mijinta Herbert Berghof: "yadda za a sami dabarar gaskiya ta yin wasan kwaikwayo, yadda za a yi halayyar ta hanyar ni. " Ta buga Blanche (a kan hanya da Broadway) a gaban akalla Stanley Kowalskis daban-daban guda huɗu, gami da Anthony Quinn da Marlon Brando. 

Da farko an san ta da matsayi na mataki, Hagen ta lashe lambar yabo ta Tony ta farko a 1951 don rawar da ta taka a matsayin matar da ke sadaukar da kai Georgie a cikin Clifford Odets' The Country Girl . Ta sake lashe gasar a 1963 don samo asali daga rawar Martha a cikin Edward Albee's Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?. A shekara ta 1981 an zabe ta zuwa Hall of Fame na Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Amurka kuma a 1999 ta sami lambar yabo ta "Special Lifetime Achievement Tony Award".

Kodayake ta bayyana a wasu fina-finai bayan 1972, jerin sunayen baƙar fata na Hollywood sun iyakance fitar da ita a fim da talabijin. Daga baya za ta yi sharhi game da kasancewa cikin baƙar fata, "wannan gaskiyar ta kiyaye ni mai tsarki".

An zabi ta ne don lambar yabo ta Daytime Emmy a matsayin "Mafi kyawun Mai ba da tallafi a cikin Drama Series" don rawar da ta taka a wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin One Life to Live .

## Manazarta