Vidyaben Shah

**Vidyaben Shah** (7 Nuwamba 1922 - 19 Yuni 2020) ma'aikaciyar zamantakewar Indiya ce kuma mai fafutuka wacce aka sani da aikinta tare da yara, mata da tsofaffi a Indiya. Yayin da ta riga ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaban kasa, an nada ta a matsayin shugabar farko ba ofishi na New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC) ta Firayim Minista Indira Gandhi a 1975. Ta rike manyan mukamai da yawa a fagen jin dadin jama'a tun daga 1940s. Vidyaben Shah ta rasu tana da shekaru 97 a ranar 19 ga Yuni 2020 a gidanta da ke Delhi, danta Mihir Shah ya tabbatar da labarin rasuwar Vidyaben Shah.

## Shekarun farko da asali
An haifi Vidyaben a garin Jetpur, Gujarat, ga masanin ilimi Vrajlal Mehta da Champaben Mody. Vrajlal malamin makaranta ne a lokacin, daga baya ya zama shugaban kwalejin horar da malamai, sannan ya zama darakta na ilimi a gwamnatin Saurashtra. Iyayenta da 'yan'uwanta sun goyi bayanta, Vidyaben koyaushe ta yi fice a manyan karatu. Tun tana karama lokacin tana dalibar jami'a ta shiga kungiyar Quit India a karkashin jagorancin Mohandas K. Gandhi. Tuni a lokacin da take makarantar sakandare Gandhi ya rinjayi ta, kuma ta haifar da tashin hankali a makarantar ta ta hanyar kawo sakon rashin tashin hankali ga 'yan uwanta dalibai. Bayan kammala B.A. a fannin tattalin arziki a shekarar 1942, kasancewar babu kwalejin digiri a garin iyayenta, ta bar gida ta yi karatun digiri na biyu (M.A..) Tun a shekarar 1942 ta kasance daya daga cikin manyan masu fafutukar kare hakkin yara da kare hakkin mata a Indiya. An danganta ta da ƙungiyoyi masu yawa waɗanda ke aiki don jin daɗin yara, ilimi, Jin daɗin Mata da Iyali, Gudanar da Gudanar da Jama'a, Fine Arts da Al'adu, Jin daɗin Nakasassu, Manyan Jama'a da sauran ayyukan ayyukan zamantakewa da agaji. Har ila yau, ta sami lambobin yabo da yawa don aikinta na musamman, ciki har da Padma Shri da Gwamnatin Indiya ta yi a 1992.

A cikin 1940 a wani taron jama'a da ta sadu da ita zai zama mijinta Manubhai Shah wanda ya ci gaba da zama Ministan Majalisar Tarayyar Turai a gwamnatocin Jawaharlal Nehru, Lal Bahadur Shastri da Indira Gandhi. Manubhai ya kasance mai gwagwarmayar 'Yanci a cikin Harkar 'Yancin Indiya a cikin 1940s. A wani biki mai sauki Manubhai ya auri Vidyaben a shekara ta 1945. Aurensu ya yi jinkiri da shekaru biyar saboda yadda suka tsunduma cikin harkar ‘Yancin Indiya sannan kuma Manubhai ya kasance a gidan kaso da Hukumar Mulkin Mallaka ta Biritaniya ta sako shi daga gidan yari a 1945. Bikin auren ya kasance mai sauki sosai har ango da ango suna sanye da tufafin khadi na auduga na fili kuma ya ba da kyautar Vidyaben da kansa Vidyaben. wani abin hannu da ya yi amfani da zaren auduga wanda ya yi wa kan sa hannu a kan charkha (spinning wheel) a lokacin da yake gidan yari a lokacin ‘Yanci. Manubhai ya rasu a shekara ta 2000. Suna da 'ya daya, maza uku, jikoki uku da jika daya.

## Sana'a

### Jindadin yara
Wata majagaba a fagen jin daɗin yara, Behnji ko Vidyaben, kamar yadda aka san ta da ƙauna, ta kafa harsashin motsi na Bal Bhavan ta hanyar kafa Bal Bhavan na farko a Rajkot, wanda zai zama harbinger na gabaɗayan Harkar Bal Bhavan a Indiya. A cikin 1948, an nada ta Babbar Majistare ta farko na Kotunan Yara a Rajkot, mukamin da ta rike tsawon shekaru 8. A cikin 1956, lokacin da mijinta ya koma New Delhi don shiga Majalisar Ministoci a Majalisar Pandit Nehru, ta kawo yunƙurinta zuwa Delhi. Tun daga 1956, tana da alaƙa da himma tsawon shekaru arba'in a New Delhi tare da Bal Sahyog, wata cibiya ta musamman da Indira Gandhi ta kafa don farfado da ƴaƴan baƙi. Vidyaben ya zama shugaban Bal Sahyog a 1966 kuma ya ci gaba da zama shugabanta na shekaru goma masu zuwa. A wannan lokaci da taimakon maigidanta ta fara gudanar da bita da yawa ga yaran da ke samar musu da sana'o'in yin kayan daki da sauran kayan aikin hannu. Bayan da ta gudanar da kulab din jirgin ruwa a Rajkot Bal Bhavan, ta kawo jirgin ruwa daga Bal Bhavan a Rajkot har zuwa Bal Sahyog a Delhi kuma da shi ta fara hawan jirgin ruwa na farko a ƙofar Indiya ta Delhi wanda yanzu ke nishadantar da dubban mutane a kowane mako daga ko'ina cikin Delhi da sauran wurare.

Vidyaben ya kasance Shugaban Majalisar Indiya don Jin Dadin Yara (ICCW) na tsawon shekaru goma sha biyu daga 1976 zuwa 1979, da 1985 zuwa 1994; ICCW ita ce babbar cibiya guda ɗaya a Indiya da ke aiki don jin daɗin yara. Vidyaben ta wakilci Indiya a taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Shekarar Yara a Tashkent a cikin 1979. Ta kuma halarci taron kasa da kasa kan yara da aka gudanar a Tehran, Geneva da Birmingham, Amurka. Ta halarci taron koli na SAARC na 6 a Colombo a cikin 1991. Ita ce Shugabar Hukumar Ba da Shawarwari ta Asusun Yara na Kirista na tsawon shekaru biyar.

## Manazarta