William Hurt

**William McChord Hurt**  (Maris 20, 1950 - Maris 13, 2022) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Amurka. An san shi da wasan kwaikwayon da ya yi a kan mataki da allo, ya sami kyaututtuka daban-daban ciki har da Kyautar Kwalejin, Kyautar BAFTA, da Kyautar Bikin Fim na Cannes don Mafi kyawun Actor, ban da gabatarwa don Kyautar Golden Globe guda biyar, Kyautar Emmy ta Primetime guda biyu, da Kyaftin Tony.

Hurt ya yi karatu a Makarantar Juilliard kafin fim dinsa na farko, a cikin fim din kimiyya na Ken Russell mai suna Altered States (1980), wanda ya sami gabatarwa don kyautar Golden Globe don New Star of the Year . Ya ci gaba da karɓar lambar yabo ta Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Actor yana wasa da fursuna a Kiss of the Spider Woman (1985). Har ila yau, an zabi Hurt a matsayin Oscar-nominated don Children of a Lesser God (1986), Broadcast News (1987), da A History of Violence (2005). Ya fito a fina-finai kamar Body Heat (1981), The Big Chill (1983), The Accidental Tourist (1988), Alice (1990), One True Thing (1998), Syriana (2005), Mr. Brooks (2007), Into the Wild (2007), da The Yellow Handkerchief (2008). Hurt ya kuma nuna Thaddeus Ross a cikin fina-finai biyar na Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) wanda ya fara da The Incredible Hulk (2008) kuma ya kammala da Black Widow (2021).￼

A talabijin, Hurt ya sami gabatarwa na Primetime Emmy Award don fitaccen mai ba da tallafi a cikin Drama Series yana wasa da masanin kimiyya a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na shari'a na FX Damages (2009) da kuma fitaccen mai gabatar da kai a cikin Limited Series ko Movie don nuna Henry Paulson a cikin fim din HBO Too Big to Fail (2011). Daga baya ya yi aiki a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na shari'a *Goliyat* (2016-2021) da kuma jerin abubuwan ban tsoro *Condor* (2018-2020).

A kan mataki, Hurt ya bayyana a cikin shirye-shiryen Broadway na William Shakespeare's Henry V (1975), da A Midsummer Night's Dream (1982) da kuma Lanford Wilson's Fifth of July (1978). Ya fara bugawa Broadway a cikin David Rabe's dark comedy *Hurlyburly* (1984) yana wasa da darektan simintin Hollywood, wanda aka zaba shi don kyautar Tony don Mafi kyawun Actor a cikin Play.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
Hurt ya halarci Makarantar Middlesex a Concord, Massachusetts, inda ya kasance mataimakin shugaBA kungiyar Dramatics Club kuma yana da jagorancin rawar da aka taka a wasannin makaranta da yawa. Ya kammala karatu a shekarar 1968 kuma littafinsa na shekara ya annabta, "za ku iya ganinsa a Broadway. " Hurt ya halarci Jami'ar Tufts kuma ya yi karatun tauhidi, ya kammala karatu tare da BA *Magna cum laude* a shekarar 1972,  amma ya juya maimakon yin wasan kwaikwayo kuma ya shiga Makarantar Juilliard (Drama Division Group 5: 1972-1976). 

## Ayyuka

### 1977-1989: Matsayi na farko da kuma shahara

Hurt ya fara aikinsa a cikin shirye-shiryen mataki. Daga 1977 zuwa 1989, ya kasance memba na kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo a Circle Repertory Company . Ya lashe lambar yabo ta Obie don bayyanarsa ta farko a can a cikin Corinne Jacker's My Life, kuma ya lashe lambar yabo a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na duniya ta 1978 don wasan kwaikwayon da ya yi a Fifth of July, Ulysses in Traction, da *Lulu* . A shekara ta 1979, Hurt ya buga Hamlet a karkashin jagorancin Marshall W. Mason a gaban Lindsay Crouse da Beatrice Straight . Babban rawar da ya taka a fim din ya kasance a fim din almara na kimiyya mai suna Altered States (1980), inda aikinsa a matsayin masanin kimiyya ya ba shi karbuwa sosai. Ayyukansa a gaban sabon mai zuwa Kathleen Turner a fim din neo-noir na Lawrence Kasdan Body Heat (1981) ya ɗaga Hurt zuwa tauraro. Kasdan da shi sun zama masu haɗin gwiwa akai-akai: Hurt ya yi aiki tare a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Kasdan mai suna The Big Chill (1983) da The Accidental Tourist (1988), dukansu biyu an zaba su don Kyautar Kwalejin don Hoton Mafi Kyawu, kuma daga baya ya sami rawar goyon baya a cikin wasan kwaikwayon I Love You to Death (1990). A shekara ta 1983 ya bayyana a cikin mai ban tsoro Gorky Park (1983) a gaban Lee Marvin .

A cikin shekarun 1980s, Hurt ya sami gabatarwa uku a jere na Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Actor, wanda ya fara da nasarar Oscar don lokacinsa a matsayin fursuna a wasan kwaikwayo na Hector Babenco Kiss of the Spider Woman a shekarar 1985. Ya kuma sami Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Maza a Bikin Fim na Cannes don wannan rawar. The New York Times ya rubuta, "Mista Hurt ya lashe kyautar mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a bikin fina-finai na Cannes don wasan kwaikwayon da ya dace da farko, an kula da shi sosai kuma a ƙarshe yana motsawa cikin zurfi, hanyoyin da ba a tsammani ba... Abin da ya fara ne a matsayin sansani, kundin ban dariya na Hollywood ya zama fim mai motsawa game da namiji, jaruntaka da ƙauna. "[1]￼

Hurt daga baya ya sami gabatarwa ta Oscar mafi kyawun Actor don yin wasa da malamin magana a wata makaranta ga kurma wanda ya fada ga mai kula da kurma a cikin Children of a Lesser God (1986) da kuma yin wasa da mai ba da labari na talabijin a cikin Broadcast News a shekara mai zuwa. Broadcast News, wani wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya wanda James L. Brooks ya jagoranta, zai zama fim din Hurt mafi shahara, tare da hadawa da National Film Registry a cikin Library of Congress a cikin 2018. 

## Manazarta