Svay Pak

**Svay Pak** (/swaɪ ˈpɑːk/;  Khmer;  kuma ana kiranta Kilometer 11 da **K-11**)   wani birni ne na Vietnamese a Cambodia, arewacin Phnom Penh . Garin ya shahara a matsayin makoma ga karuwanci na manya da yara, kuma yayin da aka rushe ƙarshen, an yi jayayya da yaduwarsa tun daga shekarar 2017.
A shekara ta 2000, masana'antar da ke cikin Svay Pak ban da karuwanci (da goyon bayanta) ita ce kamun kifi. Ya zuwa shekara ta 2004, mazaunan garin 'yan Kambodiya ne na Vietnam, kuma wadanda ba sa aiki a masana'antar karuwanci suna da "yan ƙasa". Yawan jama'a a shekara ta 2008 ya kasance mutane 16446, karuwar kashi 3.03% daga yawan mutanen 1998 na 12197 .  A shekara ta 2019, yawan jama'a ya kai 19042, karuwar kashi 1.3% a cikin shekaru goma sha ɗaya. A ƙarshen 2019, Svay Pak yana da ɗaya daga cikin makarantun firamare guda huɗu (Vietnamese) wanda Kungiyar Khmer-Vietnam ta gina don mutanen Vietnam da ke zaune a Cambodia. Bayan gobarar Nuwamba 2019, Ofishin Jakadancin Vietnam a Phnom Penh, kasuwancin cikin gida, da masu ba da agaji sun ba da gudummawa 150,000,000  Vietnamese đồng don sake gina gidaje ga 'Yan Kambodiya na Vietnam da abin ya shafa a Svay Pak . 

## Al'adu
'Yan gudun hijirar Vietnamese a Svay Pak na musamman ne a matsayin wani ɓangare na Al'ummar Kambodiya ko Vietnamese diaspora. Ikilisiyar Maryamu Magadaliya ce ke bauta musu, cocin Katolika na gida da aka kafa a shekarar 1998. A shekara ta 2006, cocin ya gudanar da makaranta don taimakawa 'yan Vietnamese Cambodians na ƙarni na biyu a cikin daidaitawa (kamar ta hanyar koyar da Khmer). 

## Ayyukan jima'i
Karuwanci ya kasance a cikin Svay Pak tun aƙalla 1995,  kuma ya taɓa zama "ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da aka fi sani a duniya don Bautar jima'i". 

### Karuwanci na manya
Mutanen yankin sun ba da rahoton cewa an fara buɗe gidajen karuwai a 1985, amma sun karu a cikin shekaru bayan Yaƙin Kambodiya da Vietnam, a gaban Hukumar Kula da Zaman Lafiya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a cikin sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya na Kambodiya. Bayan yakin, Cin hanci da rashawa na siyasa da rashin kwanciyar hankali na Svay Pak ya haifar da hukumomin yankin da ke cin zarafin masu gidan karuwai, yayin da ma'aikatan jima'i da kansu suka "yi hare-hare, kamawa, da fyade daga sojoji da 'yan sanda na farar hula da ke aiki a karkashin ikon gwamnati". Bugu da ƙari, manajoji a Svay Pak sun rushe dokar Kambodiya da ke buƙatar amfani da kwando 100% ga gidajen karuwai, wanda ya haifar da kashi 19% na HIV ga ma'aikata a cikin 2000. Kodayake karuwanci a Cambodia ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a shekara ta 2004, wasu dalilai sun ba da gudummawa ga "laifuka na zahiri" na masana'antar.

A watan Maris na shekara ta 1999, akwai kimanin Ma'aikatan jima'i masu ƙaura 300 a cikin gidajen karuwai 25. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2000, akwai gidajen karuwai 24 da ke daukar ma'aikata kusan mata 320 a manyan tituna biyu na Svay Pak. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2002, sakamakon raguwar buƙata, akwai gidajen karuwai 17 kawai da ma'aikatan jima'i 279. Abokan ciniki sun haɗa da Vietnamese, Khmer, Sinanci, Jafananci, Australiya, Arewacin Amurka, da Turawa. Matasa na Kudancin Vietnam da masu shekaru 20 da ke aiki a cikin waɗannan gidajen karuwai sun bi hanyoyin ƙaura zuwa Svay Pak bayan an biya matsakaici, wani lokacin iyalan 'yan mata da mata, US $ 50-3,000 (daidai da kusan $ 83-4,994 a cikin 2024). Ba da sabis ga abokan ciniki 14 a kowane mako, ma'aikata na iya biyan wannan bashin a cikin watanni 6-24, wanda ya haifar da babban jujjuyawar - rabin ma'aikatan jima'i na Svay Pak sun kasance a can na watanni shida na kasa.

Jaridar Phnom Penh Post ta ruwaito cewa a shekara ta 2005 gwamnatin Kambodiya ta rufe garin don samar da fim kuma a lokaci guda ta kwace gidajen karuwai; a shekara ta 2006, "karuwanci ba sa aiki ba tare da hukunci ba. "[d]

### Karuwanci na yara
Gary Haugen na Ofishin Jakadancin Shari'a na Duniya (IJ ya rubuta cewa a cikin 2000, Svay Pak wani gari ne mara doka inda "ƙananan 'yan mata masu shekaru na makarantar firamare" suka yi karuwanci ga jama'a a cikin hasken rana. Ɗaya ko fiye da 'yan mata sun raba ɗakunan mutum    m) inda suka yi wa masu yawon bude ido na yara na Yamma hidima.

A shekara ta 2002, karuwancin yara ya cika a Svay Pak, wanda ya haifar da yawon shakatawa na jima'i na yara daga kasashen Yamma bayan karuwancin yara a Thailand ya rushe. Daily Telegraph ta yi zaton cewa duk wani yawon bude ido na jima'i a Svay Pak ya kasance a wurin don yara, domin idan "mutum yana son yarinya babba to akwai wadata a cikin gidajen karuwai da mashaya na Phnom Penh. " Mafi yawan yaran sun kasance Vietnamese na kasashen waje, waɗanda iyalai marasa galihu suka sayar da su cikin karuwanci. Tsakanin shekaru shida zuwa 13, an sayar da Budurwa ta 'yan mata don "daruruwan daloli"; karuwanci akai-akai, farashin ya ragu har sai ya kai £ 3 ko US $ 4.5 (daidai da £ 6.16 ko $ 8.46 a 2023). A farkon karni na 21, abokan cinikin karuwanci na yara a Svay Pak sun nuna rashin jin tsoro ga hukumomi saboda 'yan sanda sun biya su daga gidajen karuwai; an kama baƙi ne kawai idan "an rasa cin hanci, ko kuma ana buƙatar yin misali ga wani". A shekara ta 2003, Svay Pak ya ga abokan ciniki 50 a kowace dare don karuwancin yara.

## Manazarta