Jeep Forward Control

**Jeep Forward Control** wata babbar mota ce wacce Willys Motors ya kera, daga baya mai suna Kaiser Jeep, daga 1956 zuwa 1965. An kuma hada shi a wasu kasuwannin duniya. Ƙirar ta ƙunshi ƙirar taksi sama da (ikon gaba).

Samfurin Gudanar da Gaba an fara sayar da su azaman motocin aiki don kamfanoni, gundumomi, sojoji, da kuma farar hula. Akwatin akwatin gadaje na yau da kullun sun kasance daidai kuma an ba abokan ciniki ɗimbin adadi na musamman na "Jeep yarda" daga masu ba da kayayyaki na waje. Waɗannan sun fito ne daga gadaje masu sauƙi zuwa kammala manyan motoci masu ja da juji da motocin kashe gobara . An kuma kera motocin bisa lasisi a Indiya da Spain.

## Tsarawa
Willys ya samar da motocin amfani waɗanda kusan ba su canzawa tun 1947. Yayin da kasuwa ta ƙara yin gasa a cikin 1950s, gudanarwa ta haɓaka sabon kewayon taksi na zamani da manyan motoci na jiki. Mai zane mai zaman kanta wanda Willys ya ba da kwangila tun daga shekarun 1940, Brooks Stevens, ya yi amfani da alamun salo daga manyan manyan motoci masu girman taksi-over-engine don wannan sabon abin hawa mai fa'ida mai fa'ida mai fa'ida tare da ginin ginin cibiyar da aka yi don yin koyi da classic bakwai- ramin Jeep zane.  Tsarin sarrafa gaba wanda ba a saba da shi ba da kuma "kallon helikofta" na taksi ya kasance sabon abu ga masu siye na yau da kullun a lokacin, amma sun yi nasara a kasuwanni na musamman waɗanda suka haɗa da motocin sabis na filin jirgin sama, manyan motocin ja, da manyan motocin ma'aikatan jirgin da za su iya hawan dogo.  An kera nau'ikan Jeeps da yawa na Forward Control Jeeps don aikace-aikace na gabaɗaya da na musamman tare da 1957 kasancewa mafi girman samarwa tare da kusan motoci 10,000 da aka gina a waccan shekarar. 

Injiniya ya dogara ne akan data kasance CJ-5 . Ƙarfin ya fito ne daga injunan Hurricane F-head da L-head 4-cylinder. Sabuntawa a cikin 1958 akan nau'ikan FC-150 da 170 sun cim ma burin da injiniyoyin Willys suka kafa don kera abin hawa kasuwanci iri-iri wanda rabon nauyin abin hawa zuwa nauyin abin da aka biya shi ya kasance 1 zuwa 1.  A cewar Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), ana ɗaukar wannan a matsayin mafi ƙarancin rabo da masana'antun cikin gida ke bayarwa a wancan lokacin a cikin daidaitaccen ɓangaren abin hawa na kasuwanci mai haske.  Tsarin FC ya ba da fa'idodi ciki har da ɗan gajeren radius mai juyi da girman girman gadon kaya da aka ba da ƙarancin tsayin gabaɗaya.

Shawarwari sun haɗa da ƙirar "Forward Control Commuter" wanda ƙila ya kasance a cikin farkon manyan motoci irin na minivan . Reutter ne ya kera motoci masu aiki guda uku a Stuttgart, Jamus ta Yamma. Brooks Stevens kuma ya shiga cikin canjin wannan dandali na babbar mota zuwa motar fasinja. 

## FC-150

An gabatar da shi a cikin 1956, samfuran FC-150 sun dogara ne akan CJ-5 tare da  wheelbase, amma yana nuna  doguwar akwatin kaya. Wannan shi ne rikodin rikodin tsawon ƙafa shida (tare da ƙofar wutsiya sama) lodin gado akan abin hawa wanda jimlarsa  Tsawon ya kasance inci biyu ya fi guntu fiye da Nash Metropolitan mai kujeru biyu.   Ƙirar ƙaƙƙarfan ƙira da ikon tafiya ko'ina ya haɗa da da'awar cewa FC za ta iya haura maki har zuwa 60% kuma sake dubawa ta *Mechanix Illustrated* ya ba da haske game da taurin abin hawa da tabbataccen ƙafar ƙafa. 

A cikin 1958, FC-150 ya sami sabon shasi mai fadi. An fadada hanyarsa daga  da  . A 1958 FC-150 ra'ayi ya ƙunshi  wheelbase, faɗaɗa waƙa (wanda ya yi samarwa), da sabon T-98 4-gudun watsawa na manual. Wannan samfurin yana da babban nauyin  . 

## FC-170

An gabatar da shi a cikin 1957, samfuran FC-170 suna da  wheelbase tare da  gado. An cimma wannan ta hanyar tsarin sarrafa gaba. Taksi din bai karkata ba don samun damar injin. Daidaitaccen injin silinda 6 an haɗa shi zuwa watsawar sauri 3. Wani nau'in ra'ayi na 1958 na FC-170 ya ƙunshi  . Ana buƙatar wannan don ɗaukar sabon  injin V8 (dangane da Ford Y-block ) tare da sabon shari'ar canja wuri. Wani sabon watsawa ta atomatik mai saurin sauri 3 (dangane da Ford Cruise-O-Matic ) yana samuwa ne kawai tare da layin-6 saboda yuwuwar batutuwan kusurwar driveshaft. T-98 4-gudun littafin yana samuwa tare da duka injuna. Wannan samfurin yana da babban nauyin  . 

## Saukewa: FC-170DRW
 Model na baya mai kafa biyu (dually) mai  kaya gado. Waɗannan samfuran suna da babban nauyin  ko  .

## FC-180
An nuna FC-180 a cikin nau'i na ra'ayi akan takarda a cikin kasida na kamfanin Willys na 1957 mai taken "Ayyukan 1958 - Injiniya Samfura". Da gaske tsayin FC-170 DRW ne (wanda ya ƙaru daga 103 zuwa 123.5 in). Siffofin sun haɗa da 150 a cikin ɗakin kwana,  "Super Hurricane" layi-6 ko  V8 kamar yadda akwai injuna, da kuma T-98 4-gudun manual ko 3-gudun atomatik kamar yadda ake samu. Wannan samfurin yana da babban nauyin  . 

## FC-190
An kuma nuna FC-190 a cikin tsari a cikin 1957. Ya ƙunshi nau'ikan  wheelbase, a  shimfidar gado da tandem dually axles. T-98 watsawar manual ya kasance daidaitaccen tare da atomatik azaman zaɓi. Ba a bayar da zaɓin silinda shida ba; Standard ya kasance  V8. FC-190 za ta yi amfani da sassan FC-170 da FC-180 don rage farashi. Wannan samfurin yana da babban nauyin  . 

## Production
An baje kolin FC Jeeps ga dillalan Jeep a cikin rufaffiyar talabijin a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, 1956, kuma an nuna su ga jama'a a Nunin Mota na Kasa na Disamba 1956 a birnin New York . An ci gaba da siyar da FC-150 a dakunan nunin dillalai a ranar 12 ga Disamba, 1956. Amsar farko ga motar FC Jeeps mai ƙafa huɗu ta yi kyau. Shekarar sayar da su mafi kyau ta zo a cikin 1957, lokacin da aka sayar da manyan motoci 9,738. Bayan gabatar da FC-170 a 1957, FC-150 tallace-tallace ya ragu zuwa raka'a 1,546 a 1959, kafin ya koma 4,925 a 1960.

Brooks Stevens ya yi nuni a kusa da 1960 don yuwuwar gyaran fuska ga jerin FC. 

Samfuran FC ba su zama manyan masu siyar da Willys ya yi fata ba. Jimlar samarwa a cikin shekaru tara ya wuce raka'a 30,000. An dakatar da layin FC a cikin 1964. 

## Bambance-bambancen soja
Bambance-bambancen soja guda huɗu da aka keɓe na FC-170 an kera su don Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa da Marine Corps na Amurka, ƙarƙashin kwangilar 1964.   An kiyasta samarwa ya kasance tsakanin raka'a 400 zuwa 700, galibi ana ɗaukar kofa huɗu na M677.  Wani bincike na 1963 da Jeep ya yi, ya kammala cewa FC-170s na soja idan aka kwatanta da tsufa Dodge M37, aƙalla don *bayan* sabis na gaba.  Samfurin XM-676 yana da cube mafi girma na 50%, yana iya ɗaukar sojoji 12 a baya maimakon takwas a cikin M-37, yana da ƙimar nauyin kilo 700, kuma ya ba da fiye da ninki biyu, amma Jeep yana yiwuwa. ya fi mai da hankali kan saukar da kwangilar manyan motocin M715 da suka maye gurbin M-37. 

Kaiser-Jeep ne ya rubuta kuma ya buga littafin ma'aikacin hukuma da littafin sabis - ba ta sojoji ba. Babban bayanin gwamnati game da motocin shine ' **Jeep' Truck, injin Diesel, 7000-pound GVW, 4x4**, tare da bambance-bambancen mai suna: 

* **Motar M676, Karɓar Kaya** - gyare-gyaren sigar kasuwancin FC-170
* **Motar M677, Karɓar Kaya w/4 Dr. Cab** - ɗauko taksi mai kofa huɗu tare da alfarwa akan gado
* **Motar M678, Dauke Duk** - FC-170 mai ɗauke da tagogi, da kofofin gida uku, da
* **Motar M679, Ambulance** - FC-170 van-body tare da kofofin gida biyu kuma babu sauran tagogi na gefe, wanda aka dace azaman motar asibiti

Akwai sanannen bambance-bambancen inji tare da motocin kasuwar farar hula. Da farko dai, bambance-bambancen Marine Corps na FC-170s an yi amfani da su ta wani injin daban - Cerlist  . Silinda uku  Diesel mai bugun jini. An haɗa injin ɗin tare da watsa T-90A mai sauri uku da kuma samfurin canja wuri 18. Sauran canje-canje sun haɗa da firam ɗin da aka ƙarfafa, tsarin lantarki na 24-volt, da ƙayyadaddun Spicer 44 gaba da Spicer 53 na baya. 

## Samfuran kasuwannin waje
An kera nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan FC da yawa (mafi yawan waɗanda ba a samun su a kasuwannin cikin gida) a cikin wasu ƙasashe da yawa ƙarƙashin yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwa tare da masu mallakar Jeep masu zuwa: Willys-Overland, Kaiser Jeep, da Kamfanin Motoci na Amurka (AMC).

### Indiya

Mahindra &amp;amp; Mahindra Limited a Bombay ( Mumbai ), Indiya ta fara kasuwancin abin hawa ne a cikin 1947 ta hanyar hada 75 cikakkiyar knock down (CKD) Jeeps a Mazagon, Bombay.  Kamfanin ya fara samar da FC-150 a Indiya a cikin 1965 kuma daga baya ya faɗaɗa kewayon samfurin don kasuwannin cikin gida don haɗawa da FC-170, da kuma nasa matsakaicin girman FC-160.

FC-160 (kuma daga baya FJ-160) yana amfani da  . Akwatin karban na Mahindra ne kuma akwai wasu gawarwakin. Samfurin " cowl da chassis kawai" FC-160 ya shahara a cikin shekarun 1970 don canzawa zuwa ƙananan bas, motocin daukar marasa lafiya, da sauran motocin. Yawancin suna da ainihin fuskar gaban FC. Kera motar daukar kaya ta Mahindra FC-160 ta ƙare a lokacin rani na 1999.

An ƙaddamar da motar hasken Diesel FC-260 a cikin 1975. A halin yanzu, Motar FJ-460 na Mahindra mai ƙafafu huɗu (wanda aka gabatar a cikin 1983) da motar FJ-470 mai ƙafa biyu ko ƙananan motocin bas suna riƙe da tsarin grille na ainihin Ikon Gaba. Waɗannan motocin na iya ɗaukar fasinjoji 11 zuwa 15 tare da direba. 

### Spain
A cikin 1960s, Kaiser-Willys ya ba da lasisin Vehículos Industriales y Agrícolas (VIASA) na Zaragoza a Aragon don gina Jeeps a Spain.  Tun daga 1970, an gina layin "SV" na manyan motocin kasuwanci ta hanyar amfani da Commando 4 × 4 Jeep chassis, kamar samfurin FC a Amurka.