Ashraf Ghani

**Mohammad Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai** ( Pashto / Dari :  ; An kuma haife shine a ranar 19 ga watan Mayu shekara ta 1949) ɗan siyasan Afghanistan ne, masani, kuma masanin tattalin arziƙi wanda ya zama Shugaban Afghanistan tsakanin watan Satumba a shekara ta 2014 da watan Agusta shekara ta 2021. A ranar 15 ga watan Agustan a shekara ta 2021, Taliban ta ƙwace iko da Afghanistan kuma ya tsere daga kasar zuwa Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa (UAE).   A lokacin tserewarsa, ofishin jakadancin Afganistan da ke Tajikistan ya nemi Interpol ta cafke shi saboda almubazzaranci da dukiyar jama'a.   

An kuma fara zaɓen Ghani a ranar 20 ga watan  Satumba a shekara ta 2014 kuma an sake zabensa a ranar 28 ga watan Satumba a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na shekarar 2019. An kuma sanar da shi a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara bayan tsawaita tsari a watan Fabrairu shekarar 2020 kuma an rantsar da shi a wa'adi na biyu a ranar 9 ga watan Maris shekara ta 2020. Masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam ta hanyar ilimi, a baya ya taba rike mukamin Ministan Kudi da Shugaban Jami'ar Kabul.

Kafin ya dawo Afganistan a shekara ta 2002, Ghani farfesa ne na ilmin ɗan adam a cibiyoyi da yawa (galibi Jami'ar Johns Hopkins ), daga baya ya fara aiki da Bankin Duniya . A matsayinsa na Ministan Kuɗin Afghanistan tsakanin watan Yulin shekarar 2002 zuwa watan Disamba na shekarar 2004, ya jagoranci yunkurin farfaɗo da tattalin arzikin Afghanistan bayan rushewar gwamnatin Taliban .

Shi ne wanda ya kafa Cibiyar Ingancin Jiha, ƙungiya da aka kafa a shekarar 2005 don haɓaka iyawar jihohi don yi wa 'yan ƙasa hidima. A cikin shekara ta 2005 ya ba da jawabi na TED, inda kuma ya tattauna yadda za a sake gina ƙasa mai rauni kamar Afghanistan.  Shi memba ne na Hukumar Ba da Tallafin Shari'a ga Talakawa, wani shiri mai zaman kansa wanda Shirin Ci gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya shirya. A cikin shekara ta 2013 ya kasance a matsayi na 50 a wani zaɓen kan layi don sanya sunayen manyan ƙwararrun mutane 100 na duniya da *mujallar Foreign Policy* ta gudanar kuma na biyu a irin wannan ƙuri'ar da *mujallar Prospect* ta gudanar. 

Ɗan siyasa ne mai zaman kansa, Ghani ya zo na hudu a zaben shugaban kasa na shekara ta 2009, bayan Hamid Karzai, Abdullah Abdullah, da Ramazan Bashardost . A zagayen farko na zaben shugaban kasa na shekarar 2014, Ghani ya samu kashi 35% na kuri'un, na biyu Abdullah wanda ya samu kashi 45% na kuri'un da aka kaɗa. 

An kuma sake zaɓen Ghani lokacin da aka sanar da sakamakon ƙarshe na zaɓen shugaban kasa na shekarar 2019 bayan jinkiri mai tsawo a ranar 18 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 2020.   An rantsar da shi a matsayin shugaban ƙasa na wa'adin shekaru biyar na biyu a ranar 9 ga watan Maris shekara ta 2020.  Koyaya, a zagaye na biyu Ghani ya sami kusan kashi 55.3% na kuri'un yayin da Abdullah ya sami kusan kashi 44.7% na ƙuri'un da aka jefa. A sakamakon haka, hargitsi ya faru kuma Amurka ta sa baki don kafa gwamnatin haɗin kai.

Ashraf da Rula Ghani suna da ƴaƴa biyu,' ɗiya mace, Mariam, mai zane-zane mai gani na Brooklyn  da ɗa, Tarek wanda ya kasance mai ba da shawara kan Tsaro na ƙasa da mai ba da shawara kan Harkokin Waje ga ɗan takarar shugaban ƙasa na shekarar 2020, Pete Buttigieg. An haife su duka biyu a Amurka kuma suna ɗauke da zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka da fasfo. A wani abin da ba a saba gani ba ga wani dan siyasa a Afghanistan, Ghani yayin bikin rantsar da shi a matsayin shugaban ƙasa a shekarar 2014 ya godewa matarsa a bainar jama'a, tare da karrama ta da sunan Afghanistan, Bibi Gul.  "Ina so in gode wa abokin aikina, Bibi Gul, saboda tallafa min da Afganistan," in ji shi. "A koyaushe tana tallafawa matan Afghanistan kuma ina fatan za ta ci gaba da yin hakan." 

Ashraf Ghani ya kuma mallaki kadada 200 a yankin Surkhab na lardin Logar. Abdul Baqi Ahmadzai, wanda ke kusa da Ashraf Ghani, ya yi iƙirarin cewa Ashraf Ghani ya gaji ƙasa mai yawa daga mahaifinsa. Koyaya, Ashraf Ghani ya sayi wannan kadada 200 daban a lardin Logar. 

Ghani ya rasa yawancin cikinsa bayan fama da cutar kansa a shekarun 1990. An ce Ghani yana farkawa kowace safiya kafin biyar, kuma yana karanta sa'o'i biyu zuwa uku. 

Babban ɗan'uwan Hashmat Ghani Ahmadzai, ɗan siyasan Afganistan ne wanda shi ne Babban Masarautar Kuchis . 

## Rigima

A ranar 2 ga watan Fabrairu shekarar 2020, Ashraf Ghani ya yi maganganu masu rikitarwa yayin da yake magana game da Timur da Muhammad na Ghor  wanda ya fusata jama'ar Uzbek na Afghanistan.  Ya yi wadannan kalaman yayin da yake gabatar da jawabi ga gungun daliban Afghanistan kan Tarihi, Al'adu, da Sanin Kasa.   Ghani ya bayyana cewa Muhammad na Ghor ya lalata tsarin ban ruwa na Afghanistan yayin da Genghis Khan ya rushe tsarin ban ruwa na lardunan arewacin. Ghani ya kuma ambaci mai nasara na Turkic Amir Timur ta asalin asalin Farisanci "Timur Lang" (Timur the Lame) kuma ya bayyana cewa Timur ya shafe tsarin ban ruwa don lardunan Sistan, Farah, da Helmand. 
Bayan kalaman nasa, mazauna lardin Faryab sun gudanar da zanga -zanga tare da neman afuwar Ashraf Ghani. Masu zanga -zangar sun yi barazanar cewa za su dauki kwararan matakai idan Ghani bai nemi afuwa kan kalaman nasa ba.  Abdul Rashid Dostum, tsohon mataimakin shugaban Afghanistan kuma dan kabilar Uzbek, ya kuma nemi afuwar Ashraf Ghani. Bashir Ahmad Tahyanj, mai magana da yawun Harkar Musulunci ta Kasa ta Afghanistan, ya ce "Ghani yana da son kai na mutum -mutumi ga masu tarihi, kabilu masu daraja, tarihi da al'adun mutanen da ke zaune a Afghanistan. Wannan ba shine farkon sa ba. ”

## Nassoshi