open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Kogin Sangha

**Kogin Sangha**, wani yanki ne na Kogin Congo, yana cikin Afirka ta Tsakiya. 

## Labarin kasa
An kafa Kogin Sangha a mahadar Kogin Mambéré da Kogin Kadéï a Nola a yammacin Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya. (3°30′55″N 16°2′50″E) Sangha yana gudana tare da iyakar Kamaru, tare da Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, sannan Jamhuriyar Congo. Ya haɗu da Kogin Congo a 1°12′45″S 16°49′40″ECoordinates: 1°12′45″S 16°49′40″E

Kogunan Sangha sun hada da Kogin Ngoko (kogin Dja). Bakin koginsa da haduwarsa da Sangha yana Ouésso, a Jamhuriyar Congo. (1°39′5″N 16°3′25″E).

## Ilimin Lafiya
Kogin Sangha shine sanadin ruwan Fresh na Afirka. Yankin dausarta a Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, Kamaru da Kwango suna da kariya ga wuraren Ramsar.

## Manazarta
Kogin Dja

**Kogin Dja** (wanda kuma aka fi sani da **Kogin Ngoko**) rafi ne a yammacin Afirka ta yamma. Tana daga cikin iyakar Kamaru – Jamhuriyar Kongo kuma tana da kwatankwacin kilomita 720 (mil 450).

Tashi daga kudu maso gabashin garin Abong-Mbang da ke kudu maso gabashin Kamaru, Ajiyar Fajal na Dja, wanda aka sanya wa suna UNESCO a Duniya a cikin 1987, ya kasance a gefen bankunan babban hanyar. Tana kare ɗayan mafi girman yankuna na dazuzzuka masu zafi a Afirka. Kafa iyakarta ta halitta, kuma kusan kusan kewayen wurin ajiyar (banda kudu maso yamma), tsaunuka suna tafiya ta hanyar kogin a yankin kudu na ajiyar na kilomita 60 kuma suna da alaƙa da wani ɓangare na kogin da ya karye ta hanzari da ruwa. Bayan bin tafarkinsa a cikin wurin, Dja yana gudana kusan kudu maso gabas bayan Moloundou, ƙasa da ƙananan jiragen ruwa zasu iya tafiya. A Ouesso, a Jamhuriyar Congo, ya ɓuɓɓugo zuwa Kogin Sangha.

Kowace shekara, mafarauta suna zuwa Dja zuwa tsakiyar Nki National Park, inda hauren giwayen ya yi yawa. Karfin ruwa a kan kogin yana da cikas ga rabin shekara, amma bayan wannan, a cewar ɗan jaridar mai zaman kansa Jemini Pandya, dabbobin na da saukin farauta.

## Manazarta
**Gallery**
Abin tunawan Haɗuwa

An gina **Abin tunawan Haɗuwa** na Kamaru a cikin 1970s don tunawa da haɗakar Turawan Burtaniya da Faransa. Ana zaune a Yaounde, gine-ginen sune Gedeon Mpondo da Engelbert Mveng.
File:Monument de la Réunification 06.jpg|Abin tunawan Haɗuwa, Lambu
File:Monument Reunification.jpg|Mutum-mutumi da Abin tunawan Haɗuwa
File:Monument Reunification 6.JPG|Abin tunawan Haɗuwa, dubawa
File:P9140179 copyNET.jpg|Abin tunawan Haɗuwa
File:Monument Reunification spirale & spirale.jpg|karkacen Abin tunawan Haɗuwa
File:Monument de la Reunification Pilier & Sculture.jpg|Sassakan Abin tunawan Haɗuwa
File:Reunification du Cameroun vue intérieure.jpg|Abin tunawan Haɗuwa, tsakiyar ginshiƙi
Wani abin tunawa na sake haɗuwa, duk da cewa ba sanannen sananne bane, yana cikin Mamfe.
File:Monument réunification Buea.jpg|Abin tunawan Haɗuwa a cikin Buea, Gaba
File:Reunification monument in Buea.jpg|Abin tunawan Haɗuwa a cikin Buea, Baya

 

## Manazarta
Fadar Masarautar Foumban

**Fadar Masarautar Foumban** wani gini ne na tarihi a garin Foumban, babban birnin Noun. Ita ce mazaunin Masarautar Bamum, inda Babban-na mutanen da ke cikin kwarin gabashin bankin Noun yake zaune.

## Tarihi
An gina gidan sarauta na Foumban, inda sarkin Bamum yake har wa yau, a cikin 1917. Gidan Tarihi na Fada yana ba da tarihin daular masarautar Bamum daga shekarar 1394 zuwa yau, tare da bayanai kan shahararren masarautar Bamum, Ibrahim Njoya, wanda ya mutu a shekara ta 1933 kuma wanda ya kirkiro tsarin rubutu a ƙarshen 19 karni da ake kira Bamum rubutun.

## Bibliography

* Christraud M. Geary, The Things of the Palace: Catalog of the Bamoum Palace Museum in Foumban, Franz Steiner Verlag GMBH, Wiesbaden, 1984
* Adamou Ndam Njoya, The palace of Foumban: a masterpiece of art and architecture, Editions Ndam and Raynier, Yaounde, Foumban, 1975, 48 p.

## Manazarta
Lalla Aisha Mubarka

**Lalla Aisha Mubarka** **, wacce** ake kira da Zaydana ko **Zaidana**, ita ce babbar matar Sultan Ismail Ibn Sharif ta Maroko an haife ta a shekara ta 1672, sannnan ta mutu a shekara ta 1727. Tana da tasirin amincewa a cikin harkokin mulki ta hanyar tasirin ta na kashin kan sarki. Wasu Turawan ma an ce sun kira ta da "Sarauniyar Maroko" a sakamakon hakan.

## Rayuwa
An sayi Zaydana don zama memba na harem a matsayin kuyangar bawa daga Moulay ar-Rashid na kayan ɗari sittin.  Kamar yadda shari’ar Musulunci ta tanada, an ba wa sarkin damar ya mallaki wasu kuyangi mata ban da matansa guda hudu, matukar dai kuyangi suka kasance bayi. Koyaya, duk da cewa masarautar ba ta da aure sai matan da suka fito daga fitattun dangi kamar su sharif dangi, Ismail ya auri Zaydana bisa tsari, wanda ya samu nasarar kulla kyakkyawar alaka da shi don haka ya sami rinjaye a kan masarautar baki daya. Friar faransa Dominica Busnot friar faransa ta bayyana ta a matsayin babbar mace, baƙar fata dogo kuma mai ƙiba wacce ta sami nasarar samun irin wannan tasirin akan sultan wanda koyaushe zata iya mu'amala da shi yadda take so. Don bayyana tasirin ta, yawancin Marokkowa sun kira ta mayya. 

Zaydana ta shirya makarkashiya da makirci don samun danta Moulay Zaydan (a shekara ta 1672 zuwa shekara ta 1708) mai suna wanda zai gaje ta kafin Moulay Muhammad al-Alim, wanda ɗa ne ga ƙwarƙwara Bature wacce a baya aka sani da Mrs. Shaw. Ta yi iƙirarin cewa yana shirya juyin mulki don ci sarauta. Duk da yake wannan ba gaskiya ba ne da farko, kuma yana cikin shekara ta 1704 tsokane don yin hakan a zahiri, bayan haka aka kama shi a watan Yulin shekarar. Ya kashe kansa a cikin 1706 bayan mahaifinsa ya yanke ɗaya daga cikin hannayensa da ƙafafunsa ɗaya don azabtarwa. Zaydana sa'an nan ya ta nasa dan maye gurbin shi a matsayin gwamnan. Koyaya, a watan Oktoban shekarar 1708, ƙwaraƙwartansa suka kashe ɗanta a Taroudant . Zaydan aka ce ya zama wani bugu.  An ba da shawarar cewa matan biyu da ake zargi da kisan suna bin umarnin sarkin ne, wanda bai kuskura ya gaya wa Zaydana ba, wanda daga baya ya sa aka kashe matan biyu. An binne Zaydan a Kabarin Moulay Muhammad al-Alam a Meknes .

Zaydana ta mutu a shekara ta 1716.  Wasu daga cikin Turawan an ce sun kira ta da "Sarauniyar Maroko", kodayake mace ta farko da ta fara rike mukamin sarauta a Morocco ita ce Lalla Salma . Wani rahoton sanya ta a Clemente ya kira Joseph de Leon zargin cewa Ismail Ibn Sharif aka maƙare da ya "ƙwarƙwarar" Zaydana. Wannan a bayyane yake mai karamci, kamar yadda Ismail Ibn Sharif ya rayu sama da shekaru goma bayan Zaydana ta mutu. 

## Manazarta
Yanayin halittu

**Yanayin Rayuwar Dan Adam** abu ne mai rayayyun halittu da *abiotic* da ke kewaye da kwayar halitta ko yawan jama'a, saboda haka ya haɗa da abubuwan da ke da tasiri a rayuwarsu, cigaban su, da kuma juyin halitta. Yanayi na rayuwa zai iya bambanta a sikelin daga *microscopic* zuwa duniya gaba ɗaya. Hakanan za'a iya raba shi gwargwadon halayensa. Misalan sun hada da yanayin ruwa, da yanayin ƙasa. Adadin muhallin halittu ba zai kirguba idan aka ba kowace kwayar halitta tana da nata yanayin.

Kalmar ** iya komawa zuwa ga muhallin duniya gaba ɗaya dangane da bil'adama, ko kuma yanayin rayuwa.

misali Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta ƙasar Burtaniya.

## Hulɗa tsakanin muhalli.

Duk rayuwar da ta wanzu tabbas ta dace da yanayin muhallin ta. Yanayin zafin jiki, haske, zafi, abubuwan gina jiki na ƙasa, da sauransu, kuma duk suna yin tasiri ga jinsunan dake cikin muhalli. Koyaya rayuwa bi da bi tana canzawa, ta hanyoyi daban-daban, yanayinta. Wasu gyare-gyare na dogon lokaci tare da tarihin duniyar sun kasance masu mahimmanci, kamar haɗakar oxygen zuwa sararin samaniya. Wannan tsari ya ƙunshi a cikin rashin lafiya na carbon dioxide da anaerobic microorganisms cewa amfani da carbon a cikin metabolism da kuma fito da oxygen zuwa sararin sama. Wannan ya haifar da wanzuwar iskar oxygen da rayuwar dabbobi, babban taron oxygenation.

## Nazarin da ya shafi.

Kimiyyar muhalli itace nazarin ma'amala tsakanin muhallin halittu. Wani bangare na wannan ladabin kimiyya shine binciken tasirin aikin dan adam ga muhalli. 

Ilimin halittu, karamin tsarin ilimin halitta da kuma wani ɓangare na kimiyyar muhalli, galibi ana kuskure ne a matsayin nazarin illolin da ɗan adam ke haifarwa ga mahalli.

Nazarin muhalli babban horo ne na ilimi wanda shine tsarin tsari na hulɗar mutane da yanayin su. Babban filin karatu ne wanda ya haɗa da:

* Yanayin yanayi.
* Yanayin da aka gina.
* Yanayi na zamantakewa.

Muhalli wani yanki ne mai faɗaɗa na zamantakewar al'umma da falsafa wanda, a wani bangare mai girma, ke neman ragewa da rama mummunan tasirin aikin dan adam a kan yanayin rayuwa. Al'amurran da suka shafi damuwa ga muhalli yawanci dangantaka da yanayi tare da mafi muhimmanci wadanda ake canjin yanayi, jinsunan nau'i nau'i, gurbatawa, da kuma tsohon girma gandun daji hasãra.

Ofaya daga cikin karatun da suka shafi sun haɗa da yin amfani da Kimiyyar Bayanai na Yankin ƙasa don nazarin yanayin rayuwa. . 

Biophysics bincike ne mai tarin yawa wanda yake amfani da tsarin daga kimiyyar lissafi dan nazarin al'amuran halittu.  Yanayinsa ya fito ne daga matakin kwayoyin har zuwa yawan mutanen da aka raba ta da iyakokin kasa. 

* Jerin batutuwan kiyayewa.
* Jerin littattafan muhalli.
* Jerin batutuwan muhalli.
* 2020 a cikin muhalli da kimiyyar muhalli.

## Manazarta.
Bidzar

**Bidzar** wani wurin binciken kayan tarihi ne mai nisan kilomita 20 (12 mi) daga Guider, Kamaru, wanda yake dauke da man petrollyphs tsakanin shekara 3000 zuwa 300. Wurin, a halin yanzu yana fuskantar barazana daga aikin siminti na gida da ayyukan kera marmara, ana la'akari da sanya shi cikin jerin abubuwan tarihi na UNESCO tare da "kimar darajar duniya" ga duniya.

## Bayanin Yanar Gizo

Bidzar petroglyphs suna kusa da ƙauyen Bidzar, akan hanyar Maroua-Garoua zuwa Guider. Wani yanki na dutsen marmara wanda ya faɗi kusa da ƙauyen kusan kilomita 2.5 (1.6 mi) daga arewa zuwa kudu, da kuma kilomita 1 (0.62 mi) daga gabas zuwa yamma nuna kusan 500 siffofi da aka zana duka. Marmara iri ce mai ɗauke da laƙabi da ake kira cipolin; yana da madaidaicin abun da ya shafi zane-zane, yana da ƙarancin juriya ga gogayya da warware sauƙi. An zana siffofi a cikin marmara ta amfani da guduma da kayan aikin zane. Alƙaluman yawanci tsarin lissafi ne, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙungiyoyin da'ira, wasu sun ware wasu kuma rukuni-rukuni. An yi jita-jita cewa zanen zane yana wakiltar ra'ayoyi ko labarai daga tatsuniyoyi, ko kuma fadada kayan kwalliya.

## Tarihi
Zamanin zane-zanen ya tabbatar da wahalar tantancewa. Sadarwar Radiometric ya samar da kimomi da yawa, wanda ya samo zane-zane iri daban daban tsakanin shekaru 300 zuwa 3000.

Wani mai bincike dan kasar Faransa mai suna Buisson ne ya gano shafin na petroglyph.

### Matsayin al'adun duniya
A cikin karni na ashirin da ashirin, an fitar da marmara mai kwalliya wacce akansa aka zana shi don amfani a siminti na kusa da masana'antar marmara. Wannan aikin yana cikin haɗarin zane-zanen, wanda ya sami kariya ta ɗan lokaci lokacin da aka sanya rukunin al'adun gargajiyar UNESCO na Tarihin Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO, a ranar 18 ga Afrilu, 2006.

## Gallery

File:Site archéologique de Bidzar7.jpg|Shafin archaeology na Bidzar
File:Site archéologique de Bidzar3.jpg|Shafin archaeology na Bidzar
File:Site archéologique de Bidzar4.jpg|Shafin archaeology na Bidzar
File:Mont_Bidzar_au_Nord_Cameroun.png|Dutsen Bidzar a Arewacin Kamaru
File:Site_arch%C3%A9ologique_de_Bidzar5.jpg|Yankin 


## Manazarta


## Hanyoyin haɗin waje
* The Rock Engravings of Bidzar
Haƙƙin Miƙa Ƙara

**Hakkin mika kara a turance (Right to petition) ga gwamnati don magance korafe-korafen** ‘yancin yin korafi ne, ko neman taimakon gwamnatin mutum, ba tare da tsoron hukunci ko fansa ba.

A cikin yankin Turai, Mataki na 44 na Yarjejeniyar 'Yancin Mallaka na Tarayyar nahiyar Turai ya tabbatar da' yancin yin koke zuwa Majalisar Tarayyar Turai .  Asali na asali don Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Jamus ya ba da tabbacin hakkin koke zuwa "hukumomi masu iko da na majalisa."  'Yancin yin koke a Amurka ana ba su ta Kwaskwarimar Farko ga Tsarin Mulkin Amurka shekarar alif dubu daya da dari bakwai da casa’in da daya (1791).

## Amurka
Haramcin takaitawar "Hakkin roko" asalinsa ana magana ne kawai ga Majalisa da kotunan tarayya na Amurka . Koyaswar hadewa daga baya ta fadada kariyar hakkin zuwa yadda take a yanzu, a kan dukkan kotunan jihohi da na tarayya da majalisun dokoki, da bangarorin zartarwa na jihar  da gwamnatocin tarayya.

## China
 
Daulolin China da na da daular Masarauta sun amince da 'yancin yin koke don dukkan batutuwa. Talakawan na iya yin roko ga Sarkin don cire shugabannin yankin.  Huabiao, wani shafi ne na al'ada da aka saba da shi a tsarin gine-ginen gargajiyar kasar Sin wato China, ana ganin ya samo asali ne daga allunan sanya hannu da tsoffin shugabanni suka kafa don ba da dama ga jama'a don rubuta koke-koke. 

A cikin Sinanci na zamani amfani da ofisoshin bukatun gida ya zama gama gari, duk da haka, waɗanda ba su gamsu ba har yanzu suna tafiya zuwa babban birni a matsayin makoma ta karshe don yin kira ga gwamnatin tsakiya.  Koke-koke da Gudanar da Jama'a na kasa ( Chinese ) da ofisoshin ofisoshi da kiraye-kiraye suna karbar shawarwari da korafi. Daga nan jami'an za su gabatar da batutuwan zuwa sassan daban-daban tare da sa ido kan ci gaban sasantawar, wadanda suke mayar da martani ga bangarorin da suka shigar da karar.  Idan ba su gamsu ba, za su iya hawa matsayinsu don kawo korafi zuwa mataki na gaba.  
## Manazarta
Ƴancin Haya

**<nowiki/>'Yancin hayar suna** ne da aka ba manufofin Gwamnatin ƙasar Burtaniya da ke ƙunshe a cikin Dokar Shige da Fice ta shekara ta 2016   inda masu gidaje a Ingila dole ne su bincika matsayin baƙi na' yan hayar da suke hayar gidaje, kuma su hana masauki zuwa waɗanda ba za su iya tabbatar da su ba an basu izinin zama a gidan haya.

Manufofin sun sa laifi a Ingila ga kowa ya samar da masauki na haya irin ta mutanen da aka niyya. Bugu da kari yana bukatar masu gidaje su kai rahoton masu neman haya zuwa ga hukumomin gwamnati idan takardun mai hayar basu isa ba, sannan kuma a duk lokacin da (wanda aka halatta) takardun dan haya ya kai lokacinsa yayin da har yanzu haya ke gudana.

Ainihin, manufofin ɗayan rashin matsuguni na doka, da kuma sanya doka ta citizensan ƙasa masu zaman kansu, waɗanda ake buƙatar masu gidaje su aiwatar koda kuwa za su ƙi yarda da ɗabi'a. Yana daya daga cikin matakan da yawa a cikin manufofin Burtaniya na Masauki.

## Fitar farko.
Matukin jirgin ya dauki nauyin nemo mutane guda 109 wadanda suka tafi kasar Burtaniya ba bisa ka’ida ba. 

Daga baya aka fadada wannan tsari zuwa duk Ingila.

## Hukuncin kotu game da manufar.
A ranar 1 ga Maris na shekara ta 2019 an yanke hukuncin cewa ya yi hannun riga da 'yancin dan adam daga Babban Kotun Adalci . 

Sakamakon hukuncin Babbar Kotun, ba a miƙa takunkumin zuwa Wales, Scotland ko Northen Ireland ba har zuwa watan Maris na shekara ta 2020. Koyaya suna aiki a ko'ina cikin Ingila.

## Sukar.
An soki haƙƙin Hayar saboda wariyar da ake nuna wa ƙananan kabilu. Littafin kasuwancin Inside Housing ya buga wata kasida da ke nuna cewa matukin haƙƙin haya ya haifar da wasu magidantan da ba sa son bayar da hayar ga waɗancan ƙungiyoyin marasa rinjaye saboda yiwuwar cin tararsu. 

Gwamnatin ƙasar Burtaniya ta buga karamin littafi mai suna 'A takaice jagora kan hakkin hayar' ga masu gida a watan Yulin shekara ta 2019. 

Kungiyar Masu Gidajen Gidaje (RLA) suna matukar sukar jagorancin da aka yi a watan Yulin shekara ta 2019, suna masu cewa wannan "Sabon jagora daga gwamnati kan shirinta na Haƙƙin Hayar zai ga masu gidajen suna karya doka idan sun bi ta". 

## Duba kuma

* Kadarori a Kingdomasar Ingila
* Manufofin gida suna adawa da manufofin kare muhalli

## Manazarta


## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* 'Yancin Hayar
Musa Dogon Yaro

**Musa Dogon Yaro** (27 ga Fabrairu shekarata 1945 &#x2013; Agusta shekarata 2008) ɗan tseren wasan Najeriya ne. Mahaifin mutum 4, Albert Dogonyaro, Michael Dogonyaro, Andrew Dogonyaro, da Lisa Dogonyaro. Hakanan kakan 1 Akira Dogonyaro; 'yar babban ɗan Albert. Musa ya fafata a tseren mita 400 na maza a Gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1968 .  Dogonyaro ya halarci Jami'ar Biola, inda ya kasance dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa da waƙa. Daga baya ya sami digiri na uku a ilimin motsa jiki. Ya yi aiki a majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kaduna sannan daga baya ya zama daraktan cigaban wasanni a ma’aikatar wasanni ta tarayya. 

## Manazarta
Kogin Chari

**Kogin Chari**, ko **Kogin Shari**, kogi ne mai tsawon kilomita 1,400 (mil 870), yana gudana a Afirka ta Tsakiya. Ita ce asalin hanyar Tafkin Chadi.

## Labarin ƙasa
Kogin Chari yana kwarara ne daga Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya ya bi ta Chadi zuwa Tafkin Chadi, yana bin iyakar Kamaru daga N'Djamena, inda ya haɗu da yammacinta da kuma babban harajin, Kogin Logone.

Tana bayar da kashi 90 na ruwan da ke ƙwarara zuwa Tafkin Chadi. Ruwan kogin ya rufe murabba'in kilomita 548,747 (211,872 sq mi). Babban kwalin shine Kogin Logone, yayin da ƙananan raƙuman ruwa suka haɗa da Bahr Salamat, Bahr Sah), Bahr Aouk da Bahr Kéita.

Mafi yawa daga cikin jama'ar ƙasar Chadi, gami da Sarh da N'Djamena babban birnin ƙasar, sun tattara hankalinsu a kusa da ita.

Ya zuwa shekarar 2016, Chadi ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe huɗu da cutar ta tsutsa a Guinea ta kasance. Yawancin shari'o'in da suka rage sun fi karkata ne ga Kogin Chari.

Kogin na tallafawa muhimmin masana'antar kamun kifi na gida. 

Tun daga shekarun 1960, ake ta gabatar da shawarwari domin karkatar da ruwa daga kogin Ubangi zuwa kogin Chari don rayar da Tafkin Chadi.

## Tarihi
An ce mutanen Sao sun rayu a gefen wannan kogin.

Masu amfani da harsunan Chadi daban-daban, yaren Adamawa, yarukan Ubangji, yarukan Bongo-Bagirmi sun mamaye kogin Chari.

## Manazarta
Alli Murphy

**Allison Murphy** (an haifeta ranar 13 ga watan Mayu, 1994) ne Irish American sana'a kwallon da suka taka a matsayin dan wasan tsakiya na London City Lionesses na FA mata Championship da kuma Jamhuriyar Ireland mata tawagar kwallon kafa ta .

## Klub din
Murphy ya kasance zagaye na biyu (na 20 na duka) don Washington Spirit a cikin shekarar 2016 Kundin Kwalejin NWSL . Ta ciyar da lokacin 2016 akan ƙungiyar ajiyar Ruhu. 

Don neman ƙwallon ƙafa ta farko, Murphy ya koma Gustafs GoIF na ƙungiyar 1 ta Norra Svealand ta Sweden a cikin shekarar 2017, sannan ya sanya hannu kan Houston Dash don kakar 2018 . Murphy ya halarci gabatarwar Dash kuma ya sami goron gayyata zuwa sansanin horon preseason kafin yin aikin yau da kullun. 

A watan Yunin shekarar 2018, Dash ya yi wa Murphy rauni tare da Claire Falknor don ba da sarari a kan jerin sunayen Sofia Huerta da Taylor Comeau, waɗanda aka siya a cikin kasuwanci tare da Chicago Red Stars. Kocin Dash Vera Pauw, wanda ya ce Murphy na bukatar yin aikin fasaha a wasanta, ya shirya mata shiga PEC Zwolle a Netherlands.  Murphy ya buga wasanni 18 tare da kungiyar PEC Zwolle, 15 a matsayin mai farawa, a lokacin kakar 2018–19.  A watan Agusta 2019, ta shiga Selfoss a Iceland. 

A watan Yulin 2020, Murphy ya shiga kungiyar Zawarawa ta London City na Gasar Mata ta Ingila. 

## Ayyukan duniya
A watan Janairun shekarar 2016 Murphy ya yi atisaye tare da tawagar 'yan wasan Jamhuriyar Ireland da ke zagayawa, wadanda ke Kalifoniya don buga wasanni biyu da Amurka . Kocin kwalejin nata Tom Stone ya sanar da Hukumar Kwallon kafa ta Ireland cewa Murphy ya cancanta tunda tana da kakanni daga Limerick kuma tana da fasfo na Irish. 

Babbar kociyan kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Jamhuriyar Ireland Vera Pauw ta kira Murphy a karon farko a ranar 28 ga watan Agusta shekarar  2020, don wasan neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin Turai ta Uefa na 2022 da Jamus a ranar 19 ga watan Satumba 2020.   Pauw shi ne kocin Murphy a Houston Dash,  duk da cewa Pauw ta ce ba ta da masaniya da fasfon na Murphy na kasar Ireland har sai kocin Lionesses Lisa Fallon ya sanar da ita.  Murphy ta fara taka leda a duniya ne a ranar 11 ga Afrilu 2021, inda ta fara wasan sada zumunci da Ireland ta doke Belgium da ci 1-0 a filin wasa na King Baudouin da ke Brussels . 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

*  
* Alli Murphy  a Zakin Matan London
* Alli Murphy a Texas Tech Red Raiders
Gandun dajin Kwarin Mbéré

**Gandun dajin Kwarin Mbéré** shi ne wurin shakatawa na ƙasa a gabashin tsakiyar Kamaru.

## Wuri

Gidan shakatawar yana cikin sashen Mbéré na Yankin Adamawa. Iyakokin yamma da arewa sun zama kogin Koudini. Daga can, Kogin Bilao ya kafa iyakar arewa da Kogin Bassara. Daga Bassara zuwa Mbéré zuwa Ngou, iyakar filin shakatawa ta gabas tana gudana. Yankin kudu maso gabas shine rafin ruwa na Lanchrenon. Iyakar kudu ta tashi daga Bafouri zuwa Borgou zuwa iyakar gundumar Mbéré. Daga can iyakar yamma ta koma Koudini.

## Tarihi
An kafa wurin shakatawa a ranar 4 ga Fabrairun shekarar 2004 bisa Deca'idar N ° 2004/0352 / PM tare da manufofi masu zuwa:

* Kariyar wuraren ajiyar ruwa a kudancin Kamaru da kuma adana kyawawan shimfidar wurare na kwarin Mbéré.
* Tabbatar da ci gaba da kwararar kogin Mbéré.
* Inganta ci gaban ecotourism don inganta yanayin rayuwar mazaunan karkara
* Tabbatar da mazaunin nau'ikan halittu kamar hippo, bauna na Afirka da dutsen tsauni.

Aikin gini a wurin shakatawa na buƙatar izini daga hukuma bayan kimanta tasirin muhalli. Tsarin ci gaba yakamata ya daidaita haƙƙin mazaunan karkara. Tsarin ya ayyana yanki na gandun dajin, gami da matakan hadewa don bunkasa ayyukan tattalin arziki ga mazauna. Ma'aikatar Dabbobin daji kuma ta kafa wurin zama a wurin shakatawa. Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Dazuzzuka na da alhakin ƙarin ƙa'idoji bisa ƙa'idar gaggawa.

## Flora da fauna

### Flora
Za a iya bayyana yankin wurin shakatawa a matsayin cakuda yawo da bishiyoyi, savannah na dazuzzuka kuma a cikin manyan ɗakunan ajiya na itace. Ganyayyaki yana da tasirin gaske daga nau'in bishiyoyi *Uapaca togoensis*.

### Fauna
Baya ga katangar dutsen yamma mai matukar hatsari (*Redunca fulvorufula adamauae*), mutum zai sami dabbar zaitun (*Papio anubis*), sitatunga, Dambu ​​na ruwa (*Kobus ellipsiprymnus defassa*) da kuma buhunan daji (*Tragelaphus scriptus*). Lokaci-lokaci, kobs (*Kobus kob*) da roan antelopes (*Hippotragus equinus*) suna wucewa ta wurin shakatawa.

## Bibliography

* 

## Manazarta
Gandun Dajin Mefou

**Gandun Dajin Mefou** (Faransanci: *Parc de la Méfou*), wanda kuma aka fi sani da Mefou Wildlife Sanctuary da Mfou Reserve, wani wurin shakatawa ne na ƙasa da gidan zoo a yankin Mfou da ke dazuka a Kamaru. A cikin sa, ana amfani da Mefou Primate Park a matsayin matsuguni don birrai waɗanda suke nativean asalin Afirka: biri, gimbize da gorillas.

## Tarihi
Ape Action Africa ya kafa wurin tsattsauran ra'ayi don yin birrai waɗanda aka ajiye a gidan Mvog-Betsi Zoo a Yaoundé A ƙarshe, zai yi aiki don kare abubuwan birrai waɗanda cinikin dabbobi da naman daji ya shafa a cikin ƙasar.

A cikin 2010, darektan gidan ibada, Kanar Avi Sivan, ya mutu a cikin haɗarin jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu.

## Gallery

File:Mandril in the Reserve sanctuary Mefou.jpg|Mandril
File:Mandrill adulte du sanctuaire de la Mefou.jpg|Babban Mandril
File:Gorille adulte avec dos argenté du sanctuaire de la Mefou.jpg|Gorilla ta manya tare da azurfa
File:Femelle gorille dans la reserve de la Mefou.jpg|Mace gorilla
File:Singe dans le Park de la Mefou2.jpg|Kofar shiga wurin shakatawa
File:Singe dans le Park de la Mefou7.jpg|Bishiyoyi a wurin shakatawa
File:Chimpanzé in Primate Reserve sanctuary Mefou.jpg|An tsare Chimpanzees a Mefou
File:Femelle gorille adulte dans la reserve de la Mefou.jpg|Babbar mace Gorilla


## Manazarta


## Kara karantawa
* Martin Cheek, Yvette Harvey, Jean-Michel Onana (dir.), *Phyllanthus kidna* Challen & Petra Hoffm., in *The Plants of Mefou Proposed National Park, Central Province, Cameroon: A Conservation Checklist*, Kew Publishing, 2010,   

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Mefou Primate Sanctuary
* Mefou National Park, Yaounde, Cameroon: Primate Park (YouTube)
* Cameroon Wildlife Sanctuary and Wildlife Refuge: Mefou and Ape Action Africa
* Mefou National Park Gorilla
* Parc de la Méfou Cameroun (in the French language)
Praia de Atalanta

**Praia de Atalanta** bakin teku ne da ke gabar arewa ta tsibirin Boa Vista a Cape Verde. Yana da kusan kilomita 6 arewa maso gabas na babban birnin tsibirin Sal Rei da kilomita 3 yamma da Vigía. Ragowar jirgin dakon kaya na Sifen *Cabo Santa Maria*, wanda kuma ya faɗi a ranar 1 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1968, yana nan.

Yankin rairayin bakin teku ya zama wani yanki na *Boa Esperança Nature Reserve* wanda ya hada da rairayin bakin teku na Sobrado da Copinha.
## Hotuna

File:Cabo_Santa_Maria.jpg|Yankin
File:Wreck_of_Cabo_de_Santa_Maria,_2010_December.jpg|Lalatacce jirgin ruwa a tekun yankin


## Manazarta


## Hanyoyin haɗin waje
* Cabo de Santa Maria on cabo-verde-foto.com, in English, German and in Portuguese
Kogin Ubangi

**Kogin Ubangi** (/ (j) uːˈbæŋɡi /), wanda aka rubuta shi ma **Oubangui**, shi ne mafi girman raƙuman ruwa na Kogin Congo a yankin Afirka ta Tsakiya. Yana farawa ne daga mahadar Mbomou da Uele Ribers kuma yana gudana zuwa yamma, ya zama iyakar tsakanin Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya (CAR) da Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo. Bayan haka, Ubangi ya karkata zuwa kudu maso yamma ya wuce Bangui, babban birnin CAR, daga nan sai ya bi ta kudu - ya zama iyaka tsakanin Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo da Jamhuriyar Kongo. Ubangiarshe Ubangi ya haɗu da Kogin Kongo a Liranga.

Tsawon Ubangi yana da kusan kilomita 1,060 (660 mi). Jimlar tsawonsa tare da Uele, mafi karancin harajin ta, ya kai kilomita 2,270 (mil 1,410). Tafkin ruwan Ubangi yana da kusan kilomita murabba'i 772,800 (298,400 sq mi). Sakin fitowarta a Bangui ya fara ne daga kimanin mitakyub 800 a sakan daya (28,000 cu ft / s) zuwa mita 11,000 a sakan daya (390,000 cu ft/s), tare da matsakaita kwarara kusan mita 4,000 a sakan daya (140,000 cu ft/s). An yi imanin cewa saman na Ubangi ya fara zuwa Kogin Chari da Tafkin Chadi kafin Kwango ta kama shi a farkon Pleistocene.

Tare da Kogin Congo, yana ba da mahimmin jigilar jigilar jigilar jiragen ruwa a tsakanin Bangui da Brazzaville.

Daga tushe zuwa kilomita 100 (mi mi 62) a ƙasa da Bangui, Ubangi yana bayyana iyakar tsakanin Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya da Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo (DRC). Bayan haka, ta samar da iyaka tsakanin DRC da Jamhuriyar Congo har sai ta ɓuɓɓugar da Kogin Congo.

A shekarun 1960, an gabatar da wani shiri na karkatar da ruwa daga Ubangi zuwa Kogin Chari. A cewar shirin, ruwan daga Ubangi zai sake farfado da Tafkin Chadi tare da samar da kayan masarufi da bunkasa harkar noma ga miliyoyin miliyoyin 'yan Afirka ta tsakiya da Sahel. Injiniyan Najeriya J. Umolu (ZCN) da kamfanin Italiya na Bonifica (Transaqua) ne suka ba da shawarar tsarin mika ruwa a tsakanin shekarun 1980, zuwa 1990. A cikin 1994, Hukumar Tafkin Chadi (LCBC) ta gabatar da irin wannan aikin, kuma a taron kolin Maris na 2008, shugabannin kasashen mambobin kungiyar LCBC suka dukufa ga aikin karkatar da akalar. A watan Afrilu 2008, LCBC ta tallata buƙata don shawarwari don binciken yiwuwar.

## Manazarta


## Hanyoyin haɗin waje
* Map showing the Ubangi Subbasin at World Resources Institute
* International Commission of the Congo-Oubangui-Sangha Bassin
Musa Yar'Adua

**Musa Yar'Adua** wani shugaba ne kuma dan siyasa a Najeriya wanda ya rike mukamin Ministan Harkokin Legas a lokacin Jamhuriya ta Farko ta Najeriya. Yar'Adua ya kasance minista ne a lokacin da aka ayyana Lagos Island da babban birni a matsayin birnin Lagos a shekarar 1963. Shine mahaifin Umaru Musa Yarkas, shugaban  kasan  Najeriya  na 13, da kuma Shehu Musa Yar'adua, Shugaban Ma’aikatan gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Obasanjo.

Lokacin da yake rayuwa, Yar'Adua da aka gudanar da Masarautu lakabi na *Tafidan Katsina* kafin ya aka ɗagagge zuwa cewa na *Matawalle* na Katsina, wanda mahaifinsa Mallam Umaru sau ɗaya da aka gudanar.

## Rayuwa

Yar'Adua an haife shi ne a shekara ta 1912 ga Malama Binta, bafulatana daga dangin Sullubawa wacce ta kasance gimbiya gidan masarautar Katsina kuma 'yar uwar Sarki Muhammadu Dikko . Mahaifinsa shi ne Umaru Mutawallin Katsina, wani basarake wanda lakabinsa ya sanya shi mai kula da masarautar masarautai. Yayi karatun sa a Kwalejin Katsina tsakanin Shekara ta 1928 zuwa shekara ta 1930 kuma ya fara aikin koyarwa a makarantar Middle ta Katsina. Ya kasance malami na tsawon shekaru goma sha hudu kafin canja wurin ayyuka zuwa ativean asalin kasar katsina. A shekara ta 1953, ya maye gurbin Isa Kaita a matsayin sakataren ci gaba na Hukumar Native kuma bayan shekaru biyu, ya shiga Isa Kaita a siyasar Katsina da Arewacin Najeriya . A shekara ta 1959, Yar'adua ya wakilci Katsina ta Tsakiya a majalisa kuma aka zabe shi a matsayin Ministan Horarwa da Najeriyar kafin ya koma sabuwar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Legas.

## Harkokin Legas
A shekarun da suka gabata kafin Najeriya ta sami 'yencin kai a shekara ta 1960 da kuma a jamhuriya ta farko (1960 - 1966), yanayin babban birni na zahiri, zamantakewar jama'a da tattalin arziki sun sami ci gaba cikin sauri. Ma’aikatar ‘Yar’adua ta hada gwiwa da majalisar birni ta Legas da kuma hukumar bunkasa zartarwa don gudanar da ci gaba tare da babban birnin.  Ma'aikatar ta shiga cikin bayar da haya ga wasu ofisoshin kasashen waje da ke da sha'awar kafa ofisoshin jakadanci ko ofisoshin jakadanci a Najeriya kuma ta yi aiki tare da tawagar Majalisar finkin Duniya da ke tsara biranen gari wadanda suka hada da Otto Koenigsberger, Charles Abrams, da Maurice Shapiro don bunkasa abubuwan jin dadi da na jama'a. 

Lokacin da aka yanke jamhuriya ta farko, 'Yar'aduwa ya koma Katsina. A lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu ya kasance mai hade da jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria mai ra'ayin yan mazan jiya. 

## Manazarta
Kogin Ngadda

**Kogin Ngadda** wani kogi ne a cikin Najeriya wanda yake kwarara zuwa Tafkin Chadi da Tafkin Chadi. Madatsar ruwan Alau da aka gina a kan kogin ta kawo cikas ga filayen ruwa masu dausayi na lokacin a yankin na Maiduguri.
 

## Manazarta.
Grande Comore

**Grande Comore** (Swahili: *Ngazidja*) tsibiri ne a Comoros da ke gabar Afirka. Ita ce babbar tsibiri a cikin ƙasar Comoros. Yawancin yawancin jama'arta 'yan asalin Comor ne. Yawanta kamar na 2006 kusan 316,600 ne. Babban birnin tsibirin shine Moroni, wanda kuma shine babban birnin ƙasar. Tsibirin ya kunshi fitattun duwatsun wuta guda biyu, tare da Dutsen Karthala shine mafi girman kasar a 2,361 m (7,746 ft) sama da matakin teku. Dangane da sake kwaskwarimar da aka yi wa kundin tsarin mulki na shekarar 2002, zababben Gwamna ne ke mulkar ta, kamar yadda sauran tsibiran ke yi, tare da rage wa gwamnatin tarayya karfi sosai. Sunan Ngazidja wani lokacin ana ganin shi a cikin Njazidja na yanzu.

## Tarihi

Shekaru da yawa, Grande Comore ya kasu kashi da yawa daga masarautun, da suka hada da Bambao, Itsandra, Mitsamihuli, Mbajini, Hambuu, Washili, Hamahame, Mbwankuu, Mbude da Domba. Sultana kuma ana kiransu da suna mfaume. A cikin 1886, mai mulkin Bambao, Sultan Said Ali bin Said Omar ya ayyana "jihar Ngazidja", tare da kwace sauran masarautun tare da karbar kariyar Faransa a kan tsibirin. A cikin 1893, an tura Sultan Said Ali zuwa gudun hijira a kan Réunion. A cikin 1908, Faransa ta haɗu da tsibirin kuma aka soke sultanates. A cikin 1975, Grande Comore, Anjouan da Mohéli suka ayyana 'yanci a matsayin ƙasar Comoros.

A ranar 23 ga Nuwamba, 1996 an sace jirgin saman Ethiopian Airlines mai lamba 961 yayin da yake cikin sararin samaniyar Habasha a kan hanyarsa daga Addis Ababa zuwa Nairobi. Jirgin kirar Boeing 767-260ER ya sauka a tekun Indiya kusa da Grande Comore bayan da mai ya ƙare, ya kashe mutane 125 daga cikin 175 da ke cikin jirgin, ciki har da 3 daga cikin maharan.

A cikin 1997, ƙasar Comoros ta fara wargajewa yayin da Anjouan da Moheli suka balle. Grande Comore ya zama tsibiri kawai da ke ƙarƙashin ikon tarayya. Zuwa 2002, duk da haka, Grande Comore ya sake haɗuwa da wasu tsibirai a ƙarƙashin sabon kundin tsarin mulki. An zabi Abdou Soule Elbak a matsayin shugaban Grande Comore a watan Mayu 2002. Ya samu kashi 17% na kuri'un a zagayen farko, wanda ya zo na farko, kuma ya samu kashi 60% na kuri'un a zagaye na biyu. Ya ci gaba da kasancewa a mukaminsa har zuwa zaben watan Yulin 2007, a lokacin ne Mohamed Abdoulwahab ya lashe shugabancin tsibirin.

## Sufuri
Filin jirgin saman Yarima Ibrahim ya yiwa tsibirin hidima.

## Manazarta
Amina Lemrini

**Amina Lemrini El Ouahabi  **'yar asalin Kasar Morocco ce mai rajin kare hakkin dan Adam, kuma shugabar kungiyar *Haute Autorité de la communication audiovisuelle* (Maɗaukakiyar Majalisar Sadarwa ta hoto mai murya).

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Lamrini ya sami digiri na uku (doctorat d'État) a fannin kimiyyar ilimi.

## Ayyuka
Lamrini itace co-kafa kuma tsohuwar shugaban kungiyar Demokradiyya ta Matan Morocco (Association Démocratique des Femmes Marocaines).  

Lamrini memba ce a kungiyar Kare Hakkin Bil'adama ta kasar Morocco (OMDH).

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2012, Sarki Mohammed na shida ya nada Lamrini a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar Hadin Gwiwar Sadarwa ta Audiovisual, a Fadar Sarauta da ke Rabat.  Ta gaji Ahmed Ghazali a matsayin mai wannan matsayi, biyo bayan korarsa da aka yi kwatsam.  An kuma kira ta da "un choix emblématique" (zababben hoto), kuma mai son hagu da haqqoqin yan Adam da dimokiradiyya.

## Littattafai
Lamrini ta wallafa littafin koyar da tarbiyya a kan ilimi da 'yancin yara, sannan kuma ta rubuta labarai da wallafe-wallafe kan batutuwan da suka shafi' yancin mata da suka hada da, "L'image de la femme dans le discours scolaire" da "Femmes et développement humain: cas du Maroc". 

## Rayuwar mutum
Ita ce mahaifiyar yara biyu. 

## Manazarta
Mikaela Loach

**Mikaela Loach** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1998) 'yar gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci ne a Edinburgh a kasar Scotland wanda aka zaba don Kyautar Citizen na Duniya : Kyautar gwarzo ta Burtaniya. 

Loach ɗalibar likita ce a Jami'ar Edinburgh  wacce ke amfani da tsarinta na Instagram na sama da 100,000 don yin aiki don sanya yanayin sauyin yanayi ya zama mai haɗa kai, yana mai da hankali kan hanyoyin haɗarin matsalar yanayi tare da tsarin zalunci kamar fifikon fararen fata da rashin adalci na ƙaura. 

Tare da Jo Becker, Loach itace mai haɗin gwiwa, marubuci kuma mai gabatar da shirin *YIKES* wanda ke bincika canjin yanayi, haƙƙin ɗan adam da adalci na zamantakewar jama'a.

## Farkon Rayuwa da ilimi
Loach an haife ta ne a Kasar Jamaica kuma an haife ta a Surrey, United Kingdom.  Loach ta koma Edinburgh don jami'a kuma a halin yanzu dalibar likita ce na shekara ta 4 a Jami'ar Edinburgh . 

## Yakin neman zabe
Yayinda take budurwa, Loach ta fara fahimtar haɗuwa tsakanin adalci tsakanin muhalli da launin fata.  A cikin shekara ta 2019, Loach ta zama memba na ƙungiyar kare muhalli, belletarewar tawaye (XR)  kuma a cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2019 ya yi tafiya daga Edinburgh zuwa London don shiga cikin zanga-zangar XR  don neman 'yan siyasa su saurara kuma su yi aiki a kan rikicin yanayi.  Ta cigaba da rubutun abubuwan da ta samu.  A zanga-zangar shekara ta 2019 XR, Loach ta kulle kanta zuwa matakin Extan tawayen Scotland a ƙoƙarin hana 'yan sanda daga share zanga-zangar.  An kulle ta a dandalin na kimanin awanni takwas kafin ta, da sauran masu kulle-kullen da son ransu suka saki kansu.  Loach kuma yana kamfen tare da Yankin Yanayi na Yankin Scotland..  


Lokacin da take magana da BBC, Loach ta ce game da abin da ya jawo mata:*"Na dade ina canza abubuwa a cikin salon rayuwata don kokarin zama mai saukin yanayi amma na fahimci 'yan watannin da suka gabata cewa babu damuwa idan na tafi cin ganyayyaki ko kuma zubar da sifiri idan gwamnati ba ta yi hakan ba yi komai.* *Akwai bukatar a samu manyan canje-canje a tsarin. "* Loach ta ce ta fara zuwa zanga-zanga ne "lokacin da matsalar 'yan gudun hijira ta kasance kan labarai a' yan shekarun da suka gabata. Na shiga cikin haƙƙin ƙaura da na 'yan gudun hijira kuma na ba da kansu a sansanin da ke Kalais . . . .To Amma sai wata rana na fahimci cewa waɗannan abubuwa suna da alaƙa da gaske: rikicin yanayi yana da alaƙa da rikicin 'yan gudun hijira, kuma dukansu suna da alaƙa da rashin adalci na launin fata da abubuwan gadon mulkin mallaka ” 

Ta hanyar kafofin sada zumunta, kuma a matsayinta na marubuciya ga rayuwar Eco-Age,  Loach yana ba da fatawa ga tabbatar da adalci a muhalli, adalci na launin fatar, yanayin ci gaba, da kuma haƙƙin 'yan gudun hijira.  Hakanan ta kasance baƙo a kan adreshin fayiloli da yawa, gami da Andrea Fox's Age of Plastics podcast, da Layla Saad 's Good Ancestor Podcast.  Loach ya kasance mai jawabi a Matasan Zurich game da Taron Carbon.   A cikin 2020, Loach ya ƙirƙiri fayilolin YIKES tare da Jo Becker.  

Don ayyukanta na gwagwarmaya, an sanya Loach a cikin Lissafin Wakilin Mata na BBC.

## Manazarta
Leah Namugerwa

**Leah Namugerwa** (an haife ta a shekara ta 2004) wata matashiya ce mai fafutukar sauyin yanayi a kasar Uganda.   An san ta da jagorantar kamfen din dasa bishiyoyi da kuma fara koke don tabbatar da dokar hana sanya jakar leda a Uganda.  Bayan ilham daga Greta Thunberg, ta fara tallafawa yajin aikin makaranta a cikin watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2019 tare da 'yan uwan Juma'a don mai tsara makomar Uganda Sadrach Nirere.   

Namugerwa yayi magana a Taron Garuruwan Duniya a cikin shekara ta 2020  kuma ta kasance wakilin matasa a COP25.  Kawun ta, Tim Mugerwa shi ma shahararren masanin muhalli ne a kasar 

Uganda  Leah Namugerwas memba ce a Cocin Anglican na Uganda.

## Yunkurin Yanayi
Namugerwa ta sami labarin Greta Thunberg da yajin aikin da ta yi a ranar Juma’a a shekara ta 2018.  Daga baya kuma aka yi mata wahayi don daukar irin wannan matakin kamar yadda Greta Thunberg take da shekaru 13, bayan da ta kalli wani rahoto na cikin gida game da zaftarewar laka da ambaliyar ruwa a sassan karkarar kasar.  Namugerwa tun daga nan ya zama fitaccen matashi mai ba da shawara kan sauyin yanayi kuma memba na musamman a cikin fitaccen babin Afirka na Juma'a don Makomar da ke faruwa a Kasar Uganda.   Ta haɗu tare da Sadrach Nirere, Hilda Flavia Nakabuye, da dan uwanta Bob Motavu don haihuwar Jumma'a don Future Uganda. Ta tsunduma cikin yajin aikin Juma'a tun daga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2019, tana mai kira da a kara aiwatar da sauyin yanayi, kuma ta jagoranci rubuta takardar neman a tilasta sanya haramcin buhunan leda.  

Leah Namugerwa ta yi bikin cika shekaru 15 da haihuwa ta hanyar dasa bishiyoyi guda 200 a maimakon jefa taron maulidin, kuma tun daga wannan lokacin ta fara aikin Bishiyoyin Maulidin, don ba da shuka ga wadanda ke son yin bikin ranar haihuwarsu ta hanyar dasa bishiyoyi.  Babban burinta shi ne ganin tilasta aiwatar da dokar sauyin yanayi a yanzu (yarjejeniyar Paris 21) da kuma jan hankali game da batun sauyin yanayi.  Ta shirya jerin gwano tare da wasu matasa masu ba da shawara game da yanayi don yin yajin aiki na duniya a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 2020, sannan kuma an tsaftace tafkin Kogin Ggaba na Kampala don murnar ranar; Ita ma Dorothy Nalubega, memba a kungiyar mata masu aikin gona da kungiyar kare muhalli ma ta halarci taron.  Namugerwa ya ci gaba da yin kira ga gwamnatin Uganda da ta cika aiwatar da Yarjejeniyar Yanayin Paris.

## Manazarta
La Grille

**La Grille** dutse mai aman wuta ne a cikin tsibirin Comoros da ke tsibirin Grande Comore (wanda aka fi sani da Ngazidja).

## Siffantarwa
La Grille dutsen garkuwar dutse ne a arewacin tsibirin kuma ba shi da babban taron koli kamar mafi girma kuma sanannen maƙwabcinsa a kudu, dutsen Karthala. Hakanan dutsen mai fitad da dutse na La Grille ya banbanta da Karthala a yalwar cones na pyroclastic har zuwa 800 m (2,625 ft) a tsayi. Cones din sun barke ne ta hanyar wasu bangarorin da ke gudana a layi daya zuwa ga dutsen, wanda ke da fasali mara tsari kuma ana tsawaita shi a bangaren arewa zuwa kudu, kuma daga rafkan wuta da ya isa har zuwa gabar teku. Kodayake ba a san takamaiman ranar fashewar La Grille ta ƙarshe ba, lawa yana gudana yana rufe bangarorinsa kuma ba a sake mamaye shi ba da ciyayi yana nuna cewa dutsen mai aman wuta ya ɓarke ​​ne kawai fewan shekaru ɗari da suka gabata. Ruwa na baya-bayan nan, wasu ma matasa ne kamar aan shekaru ɗari, sun isa tekun daga ɓarkewar ɓarke ​​a gefen yamma, arewa, da gabas.

## Labarin kasa
La Grille yana kan tsibirin Grande Comore, wani tsibiri na arewacin tsibirin Comoros a cikin Channel na Mozambique a cikin Tekun Indiya. Karthala ne ya goge dutsen a kudu, wani dutsen mai fitarwa wanda ya tashi zuwa mita 2,361 (kafa 7,746 ft). Hanyar da ke kusa da gabar Grande Comore tana tafiya ta gabas, arewa da yamma bangarorin La Grille, suna haɗa Filin jirgin saman Yarima Ibrahim zuwa yamma da tsibirin. Yawancin kauyuka suna kusa da bakin teku da kuma kan dutsen mai fitad da wuta, inda akwai kuma gumakan wutar lantarki.

La Grille ya bayyana a matsayin tsaunin tsaunuka da ke tafiya daga arewa zuwa kudu, ya kai tsayin daka na mita 800 (matsakaita 2,625) a matsakaici, kuma an rufe shi a cikin zobba na stratovolcano, yana ba dutsen mai fitad da wuta tsawan tsayi na mita 1,087 (mita 3,566). Ba kamar maƙwabcinta Karthala ba, La Grille ba shi da caldera. Akwai wasu ramuka masu banƙyama iri daban-daban tare da raƙuman da ke gudana daga dutsen mai fitad da wuta daga arewa zuwa kudu, daidai da dutsen, da sauran fasa a bakin tekun. Lava basalt wani lokacin yana tserewa daga waɗannan raƙuman ruwa masu fashewa, wani lokacin yakan kai teku zuwa gabas, arewa da yamma bangarorin dutsen mai fitad da wuta. Yawancin lawa suna gudana har yanzu bayyane kamar yadda fewan bishiyun tropan kwakwa masu zafi ke tsallakewa da sauri a tsibirin.

### Yankin Tsuntsaye mai mahimmanci
BirdLife International ta ayyana fili mai girman hawan 8,725 wanda ya hada tsaunuka da tsaunuka a matsayin Yankin Tsuntsaye mai mahimmanci (IBA) saboda yana tallafawa yawan jama'ar kurciyan zaitun na Comoro, Comoro shuɗun shudi, masu ruwan Malagasy, Grand Comoro gobleblers, Grand Comoro bulbuls , Comoro ya buge, tsuntsayen rana na Humblot da kuma jan kai.

## Manazarta
Dutsen Karthala

**Dutsen Karthala** ko **Karthola** (Larabci: القرطالة Al Qirṭālah) dutsen mai fitar da wuta ne kuma wuri mafi girma na Comoros a mita 2,361 (kafa 7,746) a saman tekun. Wannan shine kudu mafi girma daga dutsen tsaunuka masu kariya biyu da ke kafa tsibirin Grande Comore, babban tsibiri a cikin ƙasar Comoros. Dutsen Karthala yana aiki sosai, ya ɓarke ​​fiye da sau 20 tun ƙarni na 19. Fashewa akai-akai sun tsara tsaunin dutsen mai nisan kilomita 3 zuwa kilomita 4 a tsaunin caldera, amma tsibirin ya fi tserewa daga halaka mai yawa. Rushewa a ranar 17 ga Afrilu, 2005 da 29 ga Mayu, 2006 sun ƙare da lokacin shiru.

## Aikin Volcanic
 

### Fashewar Afrilu 2005
Fashewar, wacce ke dauke da kasadar kwararar ruwa da iskar gas mai kashe wuta, ta yi sanadiyyar kwashe mazauna 30,000. Bayyanannen rami ya sauya ta hanyar fashewa. Filin toka mai toka yana kewaye da ramin kuma caldera kanta da alama tana da girma da zurfi. Kogin rami, wanda aka kafa bayan fashewar Karthala ta ƙarshe a cikin 1991 kuma ya taɓa mamaye caldera, yanzu ya ɓace gaba ɗaya. A wurinta akwai duwatsu masu duhu, duhu mai duhu, mai yiwuwa lava mai sanyaya ko tarkace daga ramin da ya rushe.

### Ayyukan Mayu 2006
A ranar 29 ga Mayu, kamfanin dillacin labarai na Reuters ya ruwaito cewa mazauna garin na Moroni na iya ganin kwararar lava a saman dutsen mai fitar da wuta. Cikin yan kwanaki kadan sai aikin aman wuta ya lafa.

## Flora da fauna
Dutsen yana cike da gandun daji mai danshi mai nisan kusan mita 1800 sama da matakin teku. *Higherasa* da ciyayi ta ƙunshi bishiyoyi masu tsattsauran ra'ayi da heathland inda babban heather *Erica comorensis* ke tsiro. Dajin dutsen na fuskantar barazanar itace da yaduwar noma. An ba da shawarar ajiyar yanayi don rufe dutsen; ba a halicce shi ba tukuna. Yawancin jinsunan da aka samo a kan dutsen sun kasance na musamman ga Comoros kuma ana samun nau'ikan tsuntsaye guda huɗu ne kawai a gangaren Dutsen Karthala: Grand Comoro drongo, jirgin sama na Humblot, Karthala scops owl, da Karthala mai farin ido.

### Yankin Tsuntsaye mai mahimmanci
Yankin *BirdLife International* ya ayyana fili mai girman hamsin 14,228 (35,160-acre) wanda ya hada da gangaren na sama da kuma tsaunuka a matsayin Yankin Tsuntsaye Mai mahimmanci (IBA), saboda yana tallafawa yawan mutanen tattabarai masu launin shudi na Comoros, kwatankwacin Comoros, Comoros zaitun din Comoros, Comoros thrushes, Grand Comoro goblers, Grand Comoro bulbuls, Grand Comoro drongos, Humblot's flycatchers, Hbirlot's sunbirds, Karthala scops owls, Karthala white-eyes, and Malagasy hariers.

## Manazarta
Triniti na Sangha

**Triniti na Sangha** daji ne da aka raba tsakanin kasashen Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, Kamaru da Kongo-Brazzaville. An kara shi a matsayin wurin tarihi na Duniya na UNESCO a cikin 2012 saboda keɓaɓɓiyar halittu da keɓaɓɓiyar al'adun halitta. Shafin ya hada da wuraren shakatawa na kasa guda 3 masu hade a cikin dazuzzuka masu zafi na Afirka ta Tsakiya: Filin shakatawa na Nouabalé-Ndoki da ke Kwango, da Filin shakatawa na Lobéké a Kamaru, da Filin shakatawa na Dzanga-Ndoki a Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya. Girman wurin da kuma karancin adon dazuzzuka a cikin wuraren shakatawa guda uku sun baiwa al'ummomin da ke fuskantar hadari irin su giwayen dajin Afirka, gorillas, sitatunga, da chimpanzees damar bunkasa. Bugu da kari, yawan jinsunan shuke-shuke masu matukar hatsari kamar su Mukulungu ana kiyaye su a cikin iyakokin shafin.

## Manazarta
Sun Yat-Sen

**Sun Yat-Sen**

Yakasance,shugaban kasar china.Kuma shine shugaban kasan na farko a tarihin ta kasar china.

**Shekarar Haiwuwa.**

An haife Sun Yat-Sen shekara ta(12 Nowambar 1866).

**Shekarar Mutuwar Sa**

Sun Yat-Sen ya mutu shekara ta(12 Mayu 1925).

**Uwar Gida**

Uwar gidansa takasance ana kiran ta da suna Soon Ching-Ling.
Tajudeen Abdul-Raheem

**Tajudeen Abdul-Raheem,**  (6 Janairu 1961 - 25 Mayu 2009). Ya kasance babban sakatare na kungiyar Pan-African Movement, kuma ya kasance darektan Justice Africa, sannan mataimakin darektan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Campaign Millennium for Africa na wani shiri na Majalisar, kuma marubuci ne a jaridu daban-daban haka nan da mujallu a duk faɗin duniya akan Afirka. 

An haifi Tajudeen a garin Funtua a Jihar Katsina da ke Najeriya a cikin watan Janairu shekarar 1961, kuma ya rasa ran shi a wani hatsarin mota a ranar 25 ga watan Mayun shekarar 2009 a birnin Nairobi na kasar Kenya, yayin da yake a hanyar zuwa filin jirgin sama domin hawa jirgi zuwa kasar Rwanda inda zai gana da shugaban kasar Paul Kagame.  

Ya sami digirinsa na farko a fannin kimiyyar siyasa daga jami'ar Bayero, da ke Kano haka nan ya kasance malamin Rhodes a Oxford, ya kuma samu PhD daga jami'ar Buffalo .

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Ya kasance Afirka abin da Che Guevara ya kasance zuwa Amurka ta Kudu  ta Dimas Nkunda, *The Observer*, Mayu 27, 2009
* Tajudeen Zai Juya Mala'iku Zuwa Pan Africanists Na Nathan Byamukama, *Duk Afirka*, Mayu 31, 2009