Bauchi (jiha)

**Jihar Bauchi** jiha ce datake yankin dake Arewa maso gabashin kasar Najeriya. Ta hada iyakokin jahohin daga arewacin kasar kamar jahar Kano da jahar Jigawa,Jihar Taraba da Plateau daga kudancin jahar Gombe da kuma jahar Yobe daga Gabas, sai kuma jahar Kaduna daga Yamma. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga tarihin masarautar Bauchi, wacce ita ce babban birnin jihar a yau. An kafa Jihar Bauchi a shekarar 1976, a yayin da aka rarraba tsohuwar Jihar Arewa maso Gabashin Najeriya. A baya Jihar Bauchi ta mamaye yankin Jihar Gombe, wacce daga bisani ta zamo jiha mai zaman kanta a shekara ta alif 1996. 

Bauchi itace jiha ta biyar a faɗin ƙasa, kuma ta bakwai a yawan jama'a. Ta na da yawan fili kimanin kilomita dubu ar,ba’in da biyar da ɗari takwas da casa'in da uku (45, 893) da yawan mutane kimanin miliyan bakwai da dubu dari biyar da arba'in da ɗari shida da sittin da uku (7,540,663) a bisa kidayar shekara ta dubu biyu da shida 2006. Jihar ta rabu dangane da yanayin kasa zuwa kashi biyu (2), West Sudanian savanna daga kudu da kuma semi-desert sahel Savanna daga arewa, da kuma montane Jos Plateau daga kudu maso yammacin Jihar. Daga cikin kayatattun wurare a garin sun hada da,  Yankari National Park, wani katafaren wajen ajiye dabbobi ne dake kudancin jihar Bauchi inda akwai dabbobi kaman bijimai, birrai, barewa, zakuna, giwaye da dai sauransu. 

Bauchi ne babban birnin jihar Bauchi. Bala Abdulkadir Mohammed shi ne Gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2019 har zuwa yau. Wasu daga cikin dattijan Jihar sun hada da: Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, Isa Yuguda, Isah Hamma Misau, Nazif Gamawa, Haruna Ningi da Ali Wakili.

Akwai yaruka da dama a yankuna daban daban na Jihar  wadanda suka hada da:  Yaren Bolewa, Butawa, da Yaren Warji daga yankunan tsakiyar jihar; Yaren Fulfulde, Yaren Kanuri, da Yaren Karai-Karai daga arewacin garin;  Fulani da Yaren Gerawa acikin birnin Bauchi da kewayen ta; Yaren Zaar (Sayawa) daga kudu; Yaren Tangale daga kudu maso gabas; da kuma Jarawa daga kudu maso yamma. Mafi akasarin mutanen gari (kaso tamanin da biyar 85%) musulmai ne, da karamin kaso kiristoci da kaso shida 6% da maguzawa da kaso tara 9%.

A farkon shekarun alif dubu da dari takwas 1800s, Fulani Jihadi sun kwace mafi akasarin garin birnin Bauchi na  yau, sannan suka kafa Masarautar Bauchi a karkashin Daular Masarautar Musulunci na Sokoto. A karni na dubu daya da shatara 1900 ne Turawan mulkin mallaka suka mamaye Masarautar kuma suka hade ta a cikin Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya wacce daga bisani ta zamo Najeriya karkashin mulkin Turawa, kafin samun 'yanci a shekarar alif dari Tara da sittin 1960.  Tun asali, yankin Jihar Bauchi a yau tana cikin Yankin Arewa bayan samun 'yanci har zuwa shekarar alif ta 1967 lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Jihar Arewa ta Gabas. Bayan rarraba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas, an kafa Jihar Bauchi a ranar uku 3 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da saba'in da shida 1976 tare da sauran jihohi goma. Shekaru ashirin (20) kuma bayan kafata, an hade wasu kananan hukumomi daga yammacin Jihar inda suka samar da Jihar Gombe.                   

A matsayinta na jihar da ta dogara da noma, tattalin arzkin Jihar sun ta'allaka ne akan dabbobi da hatsi, kamansu auduga, gyaɗa, dawa, tumatiri da kuma doya tare da cigaba a fannin noman rani na kara habaka samar da abinci tun zamanta jiha. Sannan akwai masana'antu na sarrafa abinci da masana'antun sarrafa kayan abinci na gwan-gwani, da kuma hako ma'adanai kamar tin da columbite, da kuma wuraren bude idanu kamar Dajin shakatawa na Yankari da koramunta na *Wikki Springs*.

## Asalin Suna
Dangane da tarihi na gargajiya, garin ya samo asali ne daga wani mafarauci mai suna Baushe, wanda ya zauna a yankin kafin zuwan jagoran masarutar na farko wato Yakubu (wacce aka samar a tsakanin shekara  ta  1800–10). Jihohin Bauchi da Adamawa sun kasance kasashen 'yanci da kasuwanci ga mutanen Daular Fulani na Sokoto.

## Tarihi

Wurin da ake kira Bauchi ta kasance kafin shekarar 1976 gunduma a yankin Jihar Arewa ta Gabas. Danagne da kidayar shekara ta 2006, Jihar tana da mutane kimanin 4,653,066.

Jihar Bauchi ta sama cigaba iri-iri a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Akwai harshen Ajawa da akayi amfani dashi a jihar Bauchi, amma daga bisani ya bace a tsakanin shekarun 1920 da shekara ta  1940 inda asalin masu amfani da harshe suka sauya zuwa Hausa.

A lokacin mulkin Turawa har zuwa samun 'yanci, tana cikin yankin Plateau da Yankin Arewacin Najeriya, har zuwa shekara ta 1967 lokacin da aka samar da jihohi, yayin da yankunan Bauchi, Borno, da Adamawa suka hade wajen samar da Jihar Arewa ta Gabas.

Bayan samar da Jihar Bauchi a shekara ta 1976, a lokacin Jihohi biyu Bauchi da Gombe na hade, jihar nada kananan hukumomi 16. Daga bisani an kara yawan kananan hukumomin zuwa 20 sannan daga bisani 23. Haka zalika, a shekara ta 1997, an samar da Jihar Gombe, daga Jihar Bauchi inda aka samu karin kananan hukumomi a kasar, inda aka bar Jihar Bauchi da kananan hukumomi 20 kamar yadda aka zayyano a kasa:

## Kananan Hukumomi
Jihar Bauchi nada adadin Kananan hukumomi ashirin (20). Sune:

## Garuruwa

Kirfi Ta kasance Garine cikin Birnin Bauchi wanda keda aƙalla faɗin aƙalla 700 mita kewaye da gefenta ne rafin Gongola wanda ke isar da ruwa zuwa cikin garin. Wanda ya hade da babban kogin Benue. Gari ne mai tarin albarkoki, a bangaren Noma da Kiwo. A al’adance ta kasance tana maraba ne kaɗai da mutanen da ake kira Kirfawa kuma ta fada karkashin gundumar Hausawa. Bincike akan garin Kirfi ya nuna cewa amsoshin da suka ƙunshi al’ada, da Addini da harkan Siyasa a kasar Hausa ana iya samun sa a garin Kirfi ta garin Bauchi.

## Labarin kasa
Jihar Bauchi ta mamaye fadin kasa kimanin 49,119 km2 (18,965 sq mi) inda ta mamaye kaso 5.3% na daukakin fadin Najeriya kuma tana zaune akan lambobin wuri na latitudes 9° 3' da 12° 3' arewa da kuma longitudes 8° 50' da 11° gabas.

Jihar tana da iyaka da jihohi bakwai, Kano da Jigawa daga arewa, Taraba da Plateau daga Kudu, Gombe da Yobe daga Gabas sai kuma Kaduna daga Yamma.    

Jihar Bauchi na daga cikin jihohin arewan Najeriya dake da yanayin tsirrai iri biyu, Sudan savannah da kuma Sahel savannah. Haka zalika akwai tsaunuka a kudancin yankin garin, dangane da alakarta da  tsaunukan Jos Plateau.

## Adadin jama'a
Akwai Kabilu daban daban har guda  55 a garin wanda suka hada da:   Gerawa, Sayawa, Jarawa, Kirfawa, Hausawa Bolewa, Karekare, Kanuri, Fa'awa, Butawa, Warjawa, Zulawa, Boyawa, Badawa. Amma Fulani ne asalin kabilar garin. Hakan na nufin cewa suna da nasu asalin, al'adu, addinai da makamantansu.

Akwai kamaiceceniya tsakanin harsunan garin, dangane da ayyuka, al'adu, sutura, da kuma cudanya a tsakaninsu musamman ta hanyar auratanya da kasuwanci. Wasu daga cikin harsunan na da ba'a a tsakaninsu. da Sayawa da dai sauransu.

Bikin hawan sallah na daya daga cikin muhimman bukukuwa da ke jawo 'yan kallo a duk shekara.

## Ilimi
Jami'ar Abubakar Tafawa Balewa na nan acikin babban birnin Bauchi. Wasu daga cikin wuraren koyarwa sun hada da; Jami'ar Jihar Bauchi, Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic , Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi., Aminu saleh college of Education AzareFederal university of health science Azare

## Yaruka
Ire-iren harsunan West Chadic language da ake amfani dasu a Bauchi sun hada da:

* North Bauchi languages
* South Bauchi languages

Yarukan Bauchi a jere da kananan hukumominsu.

Sauran harsunan Bauchi sun hada da: Ajawa, Beele, Berom, Kanuri, Kwaami, Manga, Pero, da kuma Piya-Kwonci.

## Gwamnati
Gwamnan garin shine babban mai zartarwa, tare da fannin shari'a na garin na nan a birnin Bauchi.

### Gwamna
Gwamna Bauchi shine Mr. Bala AbdulKadir Mohammed, wanda ya lashe zabe a ranar 9 ga watan Maria ,shekara ta 2019 a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP. An rantsar dashi a ranar 29 ga watan  Mayu, shekara ta  2019, wanda hakan tasa ya zamo gwamna na shida a Bauchi a karkashin mulkin dimukradiyya sannan kuma gwamna na 16 gaba daya. Baba Tela ne mataimakin gwamnan Bauchi.

## Kiwon Lafiya
Jihar Bauchi na da tarin asibitoci daman hukumomin kiwon lafiya, wannnan sun hada da:

* Abubakar Tafawa Balewa Teaching Hospital
* Bauchi State Hospital
* Al-amin Hospital
* Niima Consultants Hospital
* Albishir Clinic and Maternity
* Proactive Clinic and Hospital Ltd.
* Reemee Medicare Nigeria Limited.

## Sanannun Mutane

* Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, first and only prime minister of Nigeria
* Jude Rabo, vice-chancellor of Federal University, Wukari
* Tijjani Yusuf Guruntum.
* Isa Yuguda. Dan Siyasa, tsohon gwamnan jihar Bauchi daga 2007 zuwa 2015.
* Bala Muhammed. Dan Siyasa 
* Muhammed Abdullahi Abubakar. Dan Siyasa 
* Sa'adu Zungur. Mawaki
* Adamu Muhammad Bulkachuwa. Dan shiyasa. 
* Isa Hassan Jama'are.
## Hotuna

Fayil:Bauchi state university Gadau.jpg|thumb|Bauchi jahace Mai girma
File:Emir of Bauchi Main Palace.jpg|thumb|Masarautar Bauchi
File:Top view of bauchi state capital Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Bauchi
File:Bauchi State Governor Mohammed Abubakar with USAID Mission Director Michael Harvey 3.jpg|thumb|Bauchi
File:Durba banner carrier.jpg|thumb|Al'ummar Bauchi a wajen bukukuwan al'ada
File:Federal government road linked from bauchi state to biu along bcga.jpg|thumb|Federal government of Bauchi
File:Sumu wildlife park 3.jpg|thumb|Gidan namun daji na bauchi


## Bibiliyo

* Haour, Anne., Rossi, Benedetta (2010) *Being and becoming Hausa : interdisciplinary perspectives.Leiden: Brill. [[ISBN]] 978-90-04-1854-25*

## Manazarta