Adelaide na Susa

**Adelaide ta Susa** (kuma *Adelheid*, *Adelais*, ko *Adeline* ;  &#x2013; 19 Disamba 1091)  ita ce ƙabilar wani ɓangare na Maris na Ivrea da Marchioness na Turin a Arewa maso Yammacin Italiya daga 1034 zuwa mutuwarta. Ita ce ta ƙarshe a Arduinici .  Wani lokaci ana kwatanta ta da ɗan uwanta na biyu kuma na zamani, Matilda na Tuscany . 

## Tarihin Rayuwa

### Rayuwa ta farko
An haife ta a Turin ga Ulric Manfred II na Turin da Bertha na Milan a kusa da 1014/1020, rayuwar Adelaide ba a san ta sosai ba.   Adelaide tana da ƙannenta mata biyu, Immilla da Bertha . Wataƙila tana da ɗan'uwa, wanda ba a san sunansa ba, wanda ya riga mahaifinta rasuwa.  Don haka, bayan mutuwar Ulric Manfred II (a watan Disamba 1033 ko 1034), Adelaide ta gaji mafi yawan kadarorin mahaifinta.  Wannan ya haɗa da kadarori a gundumomin Turin (musamman a kwarin Susa ), Auriate, da Asti . Adelaide kuma ta gaji kadarori, amma wataƙila ba ikon rikici ba ne, a gundumomin Albenga, Alba, Bredulo da Ventimiglia .  Wataƙila mahaifiyar Adelaide, Bertha, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai mulki na Adelaide na ɗan lokaci bayan mutuwar Ulric Manfred.

### Aure
Tunda sunan margravial galibi yana da manufar soja a lokacin, ba a ɗauke shi a matsayin matsayi mai dacewa ga mace ba. Saboda haka, Sarki Conrad na Biyu ya shirya aure tsakanin Adelaide da ɗansa, Herman na IV, a shekara ta 1036 ko 1037. Daga nan aka naɗa Herman a matsayin margrave na Turin.  Duk da haka, a shekara ta 1038, Herman ya mutu sakamakon annobar yayin da yake yaƙi don Conrad na II a Naples .

Adelaide ta sake yin aure domin ta sami dukiyarta mai yawa. Wataƙila a shekara ta 1041, kuma kafin 19 ga Janairu 1042, Adelaide ta auri Henry, Marquess na Montferrat .  Henry ya mutu a kusan shekara ta 1045, ya bar Adelaide a matsayin bazawara a karo na biyu. Nan da nan, aka yi aure na uku, a wannan karon da Otto na Savoy (1046).  Adelaide ta haifi 'ya'ya maza uku tare da Otto: Peter I, Amadeus II, da Otto . Sun kuma haifi 'ya'ya mata biyu: Bertha, wacce ta auri Henry na IV na Jamus, da Adelaide, wanda ya auri Rudolf na Rheinfelden (wanda daga baya ya yi adawa da Henry a matsayin Sarkin Jamus ).

### Zawarawa da mulki
Bayan mutuwar mijinta Otto, kimanin shekara ta 1057/60, Adelaide ta yi mulkin Maris na Turin da Gundumar Savoy tare da 'ya'yanta maza Peter da Amadeus.

A wasu lokutan ana samun rahotannin da ba daidai ba cewa Adelaide ta yi watsi da Turin a matsayin babban birninta ta fara zama a Susa har abada. Ana samun rahotannin Adelaide sau da yawa a fadar margravial da ke Turin fiye da ko'ina. 

A shekara ta 1070, Adelaide ta kama birnin Asti ta kuma ƙone shi, wanda ya yi mata tawaye. 

### Alaƙa da daular

A shekara ta 1069, Henry na IV ya yi ƙoƙarin ƙin 'yar Adelaide, Bertha,  wanda hakan ya sa dangantakar Adelaide da dangin sarki ta yi sanyi. Duk da haka, ta hanyar shiga tsakani na Bertha, Henry ya sami goyon bayan Adelaide lokacin da ya zo Italiya don ya miƙa wuya ga Paparoma Gregory na VIII da Matilda na Tuscany a Canossa . A madadin barinsa ya yi tafiya ta ƙasarta, Henry ya ba Adelaide Bugey .  Adelaide da ɗanta Amadeus suka raka Henry na IV da Bertha zuwa Canossa, inda Adelaide ta yi aiki a matsayin mai shiga tsakani, tare da Matilda da Albert Azzo na II, Margrave na Milan, da sauransu.  Bishop Benzo na Alba ya aika wa Adelaide wasiƙu da dama tsakanin 1080 da 1082 suna ƙarfafa ta ta goyi bayan Henry na IV a yaƙe-yaƙen Italiya waɗanda suka zama wani ɓangare na Rikicin Zuba Jari .  Bayan haka, hulɗar Adelaide da Henry na IV ta ƙara kusantowa. Ta yi tayin shiga tsakani tsakaninsa da Matilda ta Tuscany, kuma wataƙila ta haɗu da shi a wani kamfen a kudancin Italiya a shekara ta 1084. 

### Dangantaka da Ikilisiya
Adelaide ta bayar da gudummawa da yawa ga gidajen ibada a watan Maris na Turin. A shekara ta 1064 ta kafa gidan ibada na Santa Maria a Pinerolo . 

Adelaide ta sami wasiƙu daga manyan malaman cocin zamanin, ciki har da Paparoma Alexander II, Peter Damian, [1] da Paparoma Gregory VII . [2] Waɗannan wasiƙun sun nuna cewa Adelaide wani lokacin tana goyon bayan gyaran Gregorian, amma a wasu lokutan ba ta goyi bayan hakan ba. Peter Damian (yana rubutu a 1064) da Gregory VII (yana rubutu a 1073), sun dogara ga Adelaide don tilasta wa malaman addini yin aure da kuma kare gidajen ibada na Fruttuaria da San Michele della Chiusa . Akasin haka, Alexander II (yana rubutu a kusan 1066/7) ya zargi Adelaide saboda mu'amalarta da Guido da Velate, babban Bishop na Milan .

## Manazarta