Sikh

**Sikh** addini ne wanda ake kiran mabiyansa "Sikh" ko kuma "Silba" a turance. Kalmar Sikh na nufin Dalibi ko mai samun horo ko mai neman sani. Littafinsu mai tsarki shine Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji.

Yawancin kafofin suna kiran Sikh addini ne na kadaitawa wato masu Ubangiji ɗaya,     A cewar Eleanor Nesbitt, fassarar Ingilishi ta Sikh a matsayin addinin tauhidi "suna yin kuskure ne don ƙarfafa fahimtar Semitic na tauhidi, maimakon fahimtar Guru Nanak na ɗaya da aka bayyana ta wurin mutane da yawa. Sai dai kuma, abin da ba shi da shakku shi ne girmamawa kan 'daya' '. 

Kimanin mutane miliyan 28 mabiya addinin Sikh ne, wanda hakan ya sanya shi zama na biyar a cikin addinai a duniya. Sanannen wuri inda ake yin wannan addinin shine a cikin Asiya da Amurka . Sikh yawanci ana gane su ta Turban (wanda Sikh ke kira Dastaar ko Pagri), babban abin sawa wanda maza da mata zasu iya sawa. Sikh sun isa Arewacin Amurka a cikin 1897 kuma sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a buɗe Yammacin duniya da gina Hanyar Panama.

An kawo Sikh zuwa duniya a kusa da 1469 ta Guru Nanak Dev, na farko daga cikin "Gurus Goma" (Guru na nufin babban masani ko malami). Guru Nanak ya kawo Maganar Allah ta bayyana a duniya. Ta hanyar Waƙoƙin yabo da Addu'o'insa (Shabads), ya yi wahayi kuma ya ɗaukaka ɗan adam don yin rayuwa ta gaskiya, adalci da ruhaniya. Wadannan Waƙoƙin da Addu'o'in an tattara su cikin Siri Guru Granth Sahib. Babu kamarsa a cikin manyan litattafan addinai na duniya, yayin tattara Guru Granth Sahib, Sikh Gurus ba wai kawai rubuce-rubucen nasu ba ne, har ma ya haɗa da rubuce-rubucen sauran tsarkaka na zamani daga addinin Hindu da Islama (gami da tsarkaka waɗanda ke cikin ƙananan ɓangarorin da ba a taɓa gani a cikin Tsarin Caste na Hindu), wanda ya yi imani da ɗayantakar Allah kuma ya yi Allah wadai da camfi da camfe-camfe. Bugu da ari, haɗin Guru Granth Sahib da Sikh Gurus da kansu suka yi, maimakon kasancewa masu yin su da mabiyan su suyi. A cikin 1699, Guru Gobind Singh, Guru na Goma, ya kafa Khalsa kuma ya ba Sikhs wata alama ta daban da ƙarfafa ƙa'idodin da duk Gurus ya koyar. Anyi wannan bikin ne a Vaisakhi kuma ana tunawa dashi kowace shekara. Ofaya daga cikin mahimman bukukuwan da Guru Gobind Singh ya kafa a wannan ranar shine bikin baftisma na Khande di Pahul, inda aka fara Sikh a cikin Khalsa kuma ana buƙatar su kiyaye 5 Ks, kakkars ko kakke waɗanda ke abubuwan imani ne. Guru Granth Sahib ne aka baiwa Guruship ta hanyar karshen mutum Sikh Gurus, Guru Gobind Singh Ji a cikin 1708. Kafin wucewa, Guru Gobind Singh Ji ya yanke hukunci cewa Sikhs su ɗauki Granth Sahib a matsayin Guru na gaba da madawwami.Guru Ji ya ce - "Sab Sikhan ko hukam hai Guru Manyo Granth" ma'ana "An umarci dukkan Sikh da su ɗauki Granth a matsayin Guru". Don haka a yau, idan aka tambaya, Sikh ɗin za su gaya muku cewa suna da jimillar Gurus 11.(10 Gurus a cikin surar mutum, da kuma madawwami shabad Guru, Siri Guru Granth Sahib).

## Imani

Guru Granth Sahib ba kawai littafi ne mai tsarki na Sikh ba, ana girmama shi kuma ana ɗaukarsa azaman mai rai kamar yadda yake a hukumance Guru na har abada (Malamai). Shri Guru Granth Sahib ba mutum ɗaya bane ya rubuta shi amma tsarkaka ne daga dukkanin al'ummomi da addinai. Malami ne na kowa da kowa don dukkan addinai suna ba da saƙon Allah ɗaya da girmamawa ga dukkan mutane na kowane addini.

### Shika-shikan Imani

* Babu wani abu da ya wuce ko waje da Allah ɗaya. Don haka, sabili da haka babu wani abu da aka ƙirƙira ko halakarwa, yayin da halitta da lalata har yanzu ɓangare ɗaya ne kawai Akwai.
* Burin rayuwa shine maida hankali akan kasancewa tare da Allah. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar tunani, addu'a, da kasancewa tare da wasu waɗanda suke da manufa ɗaya da dai sauran su .

### Ubangiji
Sikhism yana koyar da cewa Allah yana wanzuwa har abada, ba za a iya gani ba, kuma ba shi da jiki. Saboda haka, Allah bashi da jinsi. An koyar da cewa Allah ne ya halicci duniya, zai iya halakar da ita, kuma ya ci gaba da gudana. Ana ɗaukar Ubangiji mara iyaka, Alfa da Omega, ba shi da farko ba shi da ƙarshe. Sikh suna bautar Allah, kuma suna yin zuzzurfan tunani akan sunan Allah ta hanyar maimaitawa mai zafi (mai zafi). Sun yi imani cewa komai bangare ne na Allah kuma Allah bangare ne na komai. Mai kyau, mara kyau, tsaka tsaki ba su dace da Allah da ɗan adam ba, kamar yadda falsafar Sikh ke nuna cewa an haifi ɗan adam kyakkyawa cikin ɗabi'a.

### Ceto
Mabiya duk suna ƙoƙarin zuwa ceto, ma'ana suna ƙoƙari su karya tsarin sake haihuwa kuma su zama ɗaya tare da Allah. Abin da ke hana mutane zuwa haɗin kai shine karma mara kyau. An koyar da karma mara kyau don haifar da girman kai, fushi, haɗama, haɗuwa da sha'awa. Sikh suna ƙoƙari su nisanci waɗannan abubuwan. Sikhs kuma sunyi imani cewa wani yanki na Allah yana cikin komai a cikin duniya. Da zarar mutum ya gano Allah a ciki kuma ya daina binciken wani to zai iya samun ceto.

## Gidajen Ibadah
Ana kiran wani gidan ibada na Sikh *Gurdwara* (ma'ana "gidan Guru"). Wuri ne na bautar a addinin Sikh. Haihuwa, mutuwa, wankan shiga addinin da bikin aure ana yin su a cikin haikalin. Dukkanin addinai suna da kofofi guda hudu. Lokacin da mutum ya shiga cikin haikalin, dole ne a rufe kansa. Babu kujeru a cikin haikalin saboda haka mutane suna zaune a ƙasa.

Haikalin kuma yana aiki azaman dafa abinci. Magurka ɗin shine wurin da ake bayarda abinci na idi, masu hidimar suka shirya kuma suka dafa shi. Duk abincin da aka yi a wurin ana raba shi ga duk jama'ar da suka ziyarci haikalin a ranar. Abincin shine mai cin ganyayyaki kuma ana kiran sa Langar .

Haikali na Zinare a Amritsar shine sanannen haikalin a duk cikin addinin Sikh. An rufe shi da zinare .

A cikin Gurdwara, babu wani wuri ko wurin zama na musamman da za a iya keɓance ko keɓe wa kowane mai girma, saboda ana ɗauka duka daidai suke. Sabis ɗin ya ƙunshi raira waƙa na liturgy, da kuma bayanin tarihin Sikh, al'ada, da tiyoloji. A cikin al'adun gargajiyar Indiya, mutane masu girman kai da marasa ƙarfi an rarrabe da ƙarfi. Don magance wannan matsalar ta zamantakewar jama'a, ɗakin dafa abinci na garin Sikh, ko *langar*, yana buƙatar kowa ya zauna gefe da gefe kuma ya ci abinci tare, don haka koyar da ra'ayin daidaito ta hanyar ragargaza duk shingen da ake fuskanta. Kowane babban birni a cikin Amurka da Kanada yana da Sikh gurdwaras kuma a buɗe suke ga kowa.

## Vaisakhi
Vaisakhi wani muhimmin biki ne wanda Sikh keyi. Vaisakhi kuma ana kiranta Basaki. Bikin girbi ne a yankin Punjab. Ana yin Vaisakhi a ranar farko na watan Basak, a kalandar Sikh .

## Guru da ikon addini
Kalmar guru ta fito daga Sanskrit *gurū*, wanda ke nufin malami, jagora, ko mai ba da shawara. Hadisai da falsafar Sikhism an yi su ne ta hanyar gurus goma daga 1469 zuwa 1708. Kowane malami ya ƙara da ƙarfafa saƙon da wanda ya gabata ya koyar. Wannan ya haifar da kirkirar addinin Sikh.

Kuma Guru na har abada shine Sri Guru Granth Sahib, wanda ba littafi bane kawai amma yana ƙunshe da rubutun kowane Guru.

Baya ga abin da ke sama, Sikhs kuma sun yi imani da *bhagats* goma sha biyar ko waliyyi s, gami da wasu daga sauran Ƙa'idodi, wadanda manyan Gurus goma suka shigar da kalmominsu da ayyukansu cikin Sikhism. Mafi shaharar wadannan *bhagats* shine waliyyin Sufi na Punjabi, Hazrat Baba Farid .

### 5 Ks
Khalsa ƙungiyar sojoji ce ta Sikh. Dole Sikh ya bi 5 Ks:

# Samun gashin mara / mara yankewa. Ana kiran wannan Kesh. Ko namiji ko mace,ana buƙatar mutum ya ci gaba da rufe Kesh ɗinsa. Mutane yawanci sukan rufe Kesh dinsu da rawani, ko kuma gyale (Chunni).
# A katako tsefe a gashin kansu. Wannan shi ake kira Kanga. Wannan yana nuna tsabta wanda shine muhimmin ɓangare na Sikhism.
# Munduwa karfe Wannan don kariya ne da tunatarwa ta zahiri cewa ɗayan yana ɗaure da Guru. Wannan shi ake kira Kara. Wannan ya nuna cewa Allah bashi da farko kuma bashi da karshe.
# Abun kwalliya na auduga wanda dole ne ya kasance koyaushe. Ana kiran wannan Kachera. Tunatarwa ce don nisantar sha'awa da abin da aka makala.
# Takobi . Ana sa wannan don kare imanin mutum da kare masu rauni a cikin su. Ana kiran wannan Kirpan. Ana amfani dashi ne kawai don kare kai. Yawancin waɗannan yanzu suna walda.

## Manazarta

## Sauran yanar gizo

* Sikhs.org
* Sikh Missionary Society (UK) - ƙungiyar da ba ta riba ba da aka sadaukar don inganta addinin Sikh, al'ada da tarihi
* Haƙuri na Addini 
* BBC
* Siknet
* Sikhism 
* Menene Sikhism
* Sikh Wiki 
* Sikh Karsewa 
* Fassarar Turanci na matani masu tsarki