Fawzia na Masar

**Fawzia na Masar** (Arabic; 5 Nuwamba 1921 - 2 Yuli 2013), wanda aka fi sani da **Fawzia Pahlavi** ko **Fawzia Chirine**, yarima ce ta Masar wacce ta zama Sarauniyar Iran a matsayin matar farko ta Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah na Iran . Fawzia 'yar Fud I ce, ɗan bakwai na Ismail Mai Girma. Aure da ta yi da Yarima na Iran a 1939 yarjejeniya ce ta siyasa: ta karfafa ikon Masar da tasiri a Gabas ta Tsakiya, yayin da ta kawo girmamawa ga mulkin Masar ta hanyar haɗuwa da gidan sarauta na Iran mafi girma. Fawzia ta sami saki na Masar a shekarar 1948, wanda za a haifi 'yarsu guda daya Princess Shahnaz a Iran. Fawzia, wacce aka fi sani da "Sarauniyar bakin ciki" a cikin manema labarai, ta zauna a ware da shiru bayan juyin juya halin Masar na 1952 kuma ba ta taɓa buga abubuwan da ta tuna game da kotun Iran da Masar ba.

A shekara ta 1949, Fawzia ta auri Colonel Ismail Chirine, wani jami'in diflomasiyyar Masar, tare da ita ta haifi ɗa da 'yar.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Gimbiya Fawzia Babban Sarauniyar Gimbiya Fazia bint Fuad a Fadar Ras el-Tin, Alexandria, 'yar fari ta Sultan Fuad I na Masar da Sudan (daga baya Sarki Fuad I), da matarsa ta biyu, Nazli Sabri a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 1921. Gimbiya Fawzia ta fito ne daga asalin Albanian da Circassian daga mahaifinta, kuma asalin Faransanci da Masar ne daga mahaifiyarta. Kakan mahaifiyarta shine Manjo Janar Mohamed Sherif Pasha, Firayim Minista kuma Ministan Harkokin Waje, wanda ya fito ne daga asalin Turkiyya-Circassian. Ita ce jikokin Muhammad Ali na Masar da kuma jikokin jami'in Faransa Suleiman Pasha .  Suleiman Pasha ya yi aiki a ƙarƙashin Napoleon, ya tuba zuwa addinin Musulunci, kuma ya kula da sake fasalin sojojin Masar a ƙarƙashin kakanta Muhammad Ali Pasha mai girma.

## Aure
An shirya auren Gimbiya Fawzia ga Yarima Mohammad Reza Pahlavi na Iran ne ta mahaifin wannan, Rezā Shāh .  Wani rahoto na CIA da aka bayyana a watan Mayu na shekara ta 1972 ya bayyana kungiyar a matsayin yunkurin siyasa. Har ila yau, auren ya kasance mai mahimmanci saboda ya haɗa sarauta ta Sunni, gimbiya, da sarauta ta Shia, yarima. Pahlavis sun kasance gida ne mai kyau kamar yadda Reza Khan, ɗan wani manomi wanda ya shiga Sojojin Iran a matsayin mai zaman kansa, ya tashi ya zama janar, ya kwace mulki a juyin mulki na 1921. ya zo damuwa da cewa Gidan Pahlavi ya auri Gidan Muhammad Ali, wanda ya yi mulki a Masar tun 1805. 

Masarawa ba su yi farin ciki da kyaututtuka da Reza Shah ya aika wa Sarki Farouk don shawo kansa ya auri 'yar'uwarsa ga yarima Mohammad Reza ba. Lokacin da tawagar Iran ta isa Alkahira don shirya auren, Masarawa sun dauki 'yan Iran a kan rangadin fadar da Isma'il Pasha ya gina, wanda aka fi sani da "Isma'il the Magnificent", don nuna musu darajar sarauta. Sarki Farouk da farko ba shi da sha'awar auren 'yar'uwarsa ga Yarima na Iran, amma Aly Maher Pasha, mai ba da shawara kan siyasa da sarki ya fi so, ya shawo kansa cewa kawancen aure da Iran zai inganta matsayin Masar a cikin duniyar Islama da kuma Birtaniya. A lokaci guda, Maher Pasha tana aiki a kan shirye-shiryen auren sauran 'yan uwan Farouk ga Sarki Faisal II na Iraki da kuma dan Emir Abdullah na Jordan, da niyyar kafa ƙungiyar Masar a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Don shirya don rayuwa a Iran, an sanya Fawzia a matsayin mai koyarwa don koya mata Farisa.  

Fawzia da Pahlavi sun yi aure a watan Mayu na shekara ta 1938.  Koyaya, sun ga juna sau ɗaya kawai kafin bikin aure. Sun yi aure a Fadar Abdeen a Alkahira a ranar 15 ga Maris 1939.  Sarki Farouk ya dauki ma'auratan a kan rangadin Masar, yana nuna musu pyramids, Jami'ar Al-Azhar, da sauran shahararrun shafuka. Bambanci tsakanin Yarima Mohammad Reza, wanda ya yi ado da kayan aiki na jami'in Iran, da wadataccen kotun Masar wanda aka kwatanta da Farouk mai cin gashin kansa a cikin tufafinsa masu tsada, an yi la'akari da shi sosai a lokacin. Bayan bikin auren, Sarki Farouk ya yi abinci na ashirin don yin bikin aure a Fadar Abdeen. A lokacin Yarima Mohammad Reza ya rayu cikin tsoron mahaifinsa mai girman kai, Reza Shah, kuma Farouk ne ya mamaye shi, wanda ya fi amincewa da kansa. Bayan haka, Fawzia ta tashi zuwa Iran tare da mahaifiyarta, Sarauniya Nazli, a kan tafiya ta jirgin kasa wacce ta ga wutar lantarki ta lalace sau da yawa, ta sa matan biyu su ji kamar suna tafiya a kan sansani.  

## Rayuwa ta baya

A ranar 28 ga Maris 1949, a fadar Koubba a Alkahira, Gimbiya Fawzia ta auri Colonel Ismail Chirine (ko Shirin) (1919-1994), wanda shine ɗan fari na Hussein Chirine Bey da matarsa, HH Princess Amina Bihruz Khanum Effendi .  Ya kammala karatu a Kwalejin Trinity, Cambridge, kuma ministan yaki da rundunar sojan ruwa na Masar sau ɗaya. Bayan bikin auren sun zauna a wani yanki mallakar Gimbiya a Maadi, Alkahira. Sun kuma zauna a wani villa a Smouha, Alexandria .  Ba kamar aurenta na farko ba, a wannan lokacin Fawzia ta yi aure don soyayya kuma an bayyana ta a matsayin mai farin ciki da ta auri Colonel Chirine fiye da yadda ta taɓa kasancewa ga Shah na Iran.

## manazarta