Bo Goldman

**Bo Goldman** (an haife shi **Robert Spencer Goldman**; Satumba 10, 1932 - Yuli 25, 2023) marubuci ne kuma marubucin wasan kwaikwayo na Amurka. Ya sami kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da lambar yabo ta Kwalejin biyu, lambar yabo ta Golden Globe guda biyu, da lambar yabo ce ta Writers Guild of America, da kuma lambar yabo ta Lifetime Achievement a shekarar 1998. Ya kuma sami gabatarwa biyu na BAFTA Award. 

Goldman ya sami lambar yabo ta Kwalejin sau biyu don rubutun sa na One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975) da Melvin da Howard (1980). Ya kuma rubuta The Rose (1979), Shoot the Moon (1982), Scent of a Woman (1992), da Meet Joe Black (1998).

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Robert Spencer Goldman a shekara ta 1932 ga dangin Yahudawa a Birnin New York . [1][2] Shi dan Lillian ne (Levy), samfurin hat, da Julian Goldman.[2] Mahaifin Goldman ya kasance mai samar da Broadway, kuma ya mallaki jerin sanannun shagunan sashen gabas da ake kira Goldman Stores, kuma a matsayin farkon majagaba na "bayar da lokaci", kasuwancinsa ya bunƙasa, kodayake iyalin sun yi gwagwarmaya a cikin Babban Mawuyacin hali.[2] Jaridar New York Times ta rubuta cewa yadda Goldman ya girma ya kasance "mai ban mamaki a cikin ɗaki 12 a kan Park Avenue".

Eleanor Roosevelt tana sha'awar aikin Helen Parkhurst, kuma tana cikin tsakiyar fadada yawan jama'a da albarkatun Makarantar Dalton ta hanyar inganta haɗuwa tsakanin Makarantar Todhunter don 'yan mata (wanda Winifred Todhunter ya kafa). Julian Goldman ya zama mai goyon baya na farko, kuma wannan makarantar ita ce inda Bo ya fara karatunsa. Ya bi wannan ta hanyar tsallake shekararsa ta ƙarshe a Dalton don neman saurin bin diddigin ta hanyar Phillips Exeter Academy, gogewar da ta sanar da rubutun da zai rubuta shekaru daga baya, Scent of a Woman . 

Goldman ya halarci Jami'ar Princeton, inda ya rubuta, ya samar, kuma ya kirkiro waƙoƙi don, kuma ya kasance shugaban, sanannen Princeton Triangle Club, wurin tabbatarwa ga F. Scott Fitzgerald, James Stewart, da darektan Joshua Logan.  An gabatar da aikinsa na 1953, Ham 'n Legs, a kan Ed Sullivan Show - samar da Triangle na farko da ya bayyana a talabijin na kasa. A farkon shekarunsa, ya tafi da laƙabi Bob, amma lokacin da yake rubutu ga *The Daily Princetonian*, an buga sunansa na farko a cikin wata kasida kamar "Bo". Ya karbe shi a matsayin sunansa kuma daga baya ya canza sunansa bisa doka.&nbsp;

Goldman ba shi da alaƙa da marubucin fim mai suna William Goldman, wanda, kamar Bo, ya kuma lashe Oscars don Mafi kyawun Hoton asali da Mafi kyawun Hotunan da aka daidaita.

## Ayyukan soja
Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Princeton, Goldman ya yi shekaru uku a cikin Sojojin Amurka da aka kafa a matsayin sajan ma'aikata  a kan Enewetak, wani tsibirin a cikin Marshall Islands na tsakiyar Tekun Pacific da aka yi amfani da shi don gwajin bam din nukiliya. 

## Ayyuka

### 1959-1974: Broadway da aikin talabijin
Bayan barin sabis ɗin, Goldman ya sami aiki a Broadway a matsayin mawaki na Farko (1959), wasan kwaikwayo wanda ya dogara da Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice .  Mawallafin Jule Styne ne ya samar da shi, wanda Abe Burrows ya jagoranta, kuma Hermione Gingold, Polly Bergen, da Farley Granger ne suka fito da shi, wasan ya sami kyakkyawan bita, amma ya rufe bayan taƙaitaccen, wasan kwaikwayo 92. Zai shafe 'yan shekaru masu zuwa ba tare da nasara ba wajen ƙoƙarin samun wasan kwaikwayonsa na biyu, Hurrah Boys Hurrah, wanda aka samar.

Yanzu ya yi aure, kuma tare da kananan yara hudu a gida, nan da nan ya sami samun kudin shiga mai ɗorewa yana aiki a sabuwar duniyar talabijin kai tsaye a CBS. Goldman ya sami jagorancin Fred Coe ("D.W. Griffith na talabijin mai ban mamaki") kuma ya zama wani ɓangare na ƙarshen Golden Age, abokin tarayya yana samarwa da kuma rubutun da ke gyara shahararren Coe's Playhouse 90's, Days of Wine and Roses wanda saurayi John Frankenheimer ya jagoranta, The Plot to Kill Stalin tare da Eli Wallach, da Horton Foote's Old Man. Goldman ya ci gaba da samarwa da rubutu don talabijin na jama'a a *Gidan wasan kwaikwayo 90*' NET. Bayan yin aiki tare a NET, Burt Lancaster ya ƙarfafa Goldman ya gwada hannunsa a rubuce-rubuce, wanda ya haifar da farkon fitowar Shoot the Moon . Rubutun ya zama katin kira na Goldman, kuma nan da nan ya zama "sananne ga wasu daga cikin mafi kyawun allo na shekarun 1970 da '80s".

### 1975-1990: Shahararren da yabo
Bayan karanta Shoot the Moon, Miloš Forman ya tambayi Goldman ya rubuta rubutun don One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest .  Fim din ya lashe dukkan kyaututtuka biyar na Kwalejin, gami da Best Adapted Screenplay for Goldman . Wannan shi ne fim na farko da ya lashe manyan kyaututtuka biyar tun lokacin da Frank Capra ya yi It Happened One Night a shekara ta 1934. Don aikinsa a fim din Goldman ya kuma sami lambar yabo ta Writers Guild da Golden Globe Award.

Goldman na gaba ya rubuta The *Rose* (1979), wanda aka zaba don lambar yabo ta Kwalejin hudu. Wannan ya biyo bayan rubutun sa na asali *Melvin da Howard* (1980), wanda ya sami Goldman lambar yabo ta biyu ta Kwalejin, lambar yabo ta Writers Guild ta biyu, da kuma lambar yabo ta New York Film Critics Circle don Screenplay of the Year .  Katin kiran Goldman, Shoot the Moon, Alan Parker ne ya yi fim kuma ya fito da Diane Keaton da Albert Finney. Fim din ya sami yabo na kasa da kasa kuma wasu daga cikin masu sukar fina-finai da aka fi girmamawa a Amurka sun rungume shi. Koyaya, saboda yarjejeniyar da ta gabata Warren Beatty ya tattauna da MGM, an ɗaure ɗakin studio ɗin cewa ba za a iya fitar da fim ba tare da Diane Keaton a wannan shekarar kamar Beatty's . Sakamakon haka, Shoot the Moon ya fito tare da kadan ko babu fanfare a watan Fabrairu mai zuwa - dogon lokaci bayan kwata na huɗu "lokacin bayar da kyaututtuka. "  Duk da haka, takwarorinsa na Goldman sun tuna, kuma a shekara mai zuwa, ya sami gabatarwa ta uku ta Writers Guild Award . &nbsp;

#### MANAZARTA