Motsi na Green Belt

**Green Belt Movement** (**GBM**) kungiya ce ta asali a Kenya wacce ke ba mata iko ta hanyar dasa bishiyoyi. Yana daya daga cikin kungiyoyi masu tasiri da sanannun kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da ke magance matsalar sare daji a duniya. Farfesa Wangari Maathai ya kafa kungiyar a 1977 a karkashin jagorancin Majalisar Mata ta Kasa ta Kenya (NCWK). Nasarar GBM a kiyaye gandun daji, ilimi, da kuma karfafa tattalin arzikin mata sun sami kungiyar a duk duniya. Har ila yau, an san shi da goyon bayan haƙƙin ɗan adam, dimokuradiyya na samun dama ga ƙasashen jama'a, da kuma batutuwan Adalci na muhalli kamar rawar da ilimin muhalli na gargajiya na mata ke takawa wajen magance lalacewar muhalli da hamada.

A cewar rahoton shekara-shekara na shekara-sheko na shekara-finai na shekara-mako na shekara-zungu, manufar GBM ita ce "ta tattara sanin al'umma don Ƙaddamar da kai tsaye, adalci, daidaito, rage talauci, da kiyaye muhalli, ta amfani da bishiyoyi a matsayin wurin shigarwa. GBM ba ta da alaƙa kai tsaye da NCWK kuma tana daidaita cibiyar sadarwa ta ƙasa ta kungiyoyin mata waɗanda ke shuka bishiyoyi da yin kiyaye muhalliya da aikin ci gaban al'umma. Ayyukansu suna yaki da sare daji, dawo da tushen man fetur, samar da kudin shiga, da kuma dakatar da Rushewar ƙasa. Maathai ta haɗa da bayar da shawarwari da karfafawa ga mata, Yawon shakatawa na muhalli, da ci gaban tattalin arziki gaba ɗaya a cikin Green Belt Movement.

Tun lokacin da Wangari Maathai ya fara motsi a shekarar 1977, an dasa bishiyoyi sama da miliyan 51, kuma an horar da mata sama da 30,000 a cikin gandun daji, sarrafa abinci, Kula da ƙudan zuma, da sauran sana'o'in da ke taimaka musu su sami kudin shiga yayin adana ƙasashensu da albarkatunsu. Al'ummomi a Kenya (maza da mata) an motsa su kuma an shirya su don hana ci gaba da lalata muhalli da kuma mayar da abin da ya lalace.

Maathai ta sami Kyautar Nobel ta Zaman Lafiya a shekara ta 2004 saboda aikinta tare da Green Belt Movement .

## Tarihi
Kashe gandun daji babban mai ba da gudummawa ga bala'o'in muhalli, hamada, da canjin yanayi. Green Belt Movement (GBM) yana daya daga cikin kungiyoyi masu tasiri da ganuwa da ke magance waɗannan batutuwan.

An kafa Green Belt Movement a cikin 1977 ta Wangari Maathai da Majalisar Mata ta Kasa ta Kenya, kuma daga baya ta girma ta zama ƙungiya mai zaman kanta don karfafa tattalin arzikin mata da kula da ƙasa. Wata takarda ta 2005 ta Cibiyar Bincike ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don Ci gaban Jama'a (UNRISD) ta bayyana cewa a Kenya, mallakar filayen jama'a don amfani da masu zaman kansu yana haifar da barazana ga rayuwar manoma da tsaro na abinci na manoma da masu aiki, kuma GBM tana "subsure sosai" a cikin gwagwarmayar da ta haifar don kula da filayen jamaʼa.

Maathai da GBM sun haɗa warewar mata da talauci zuwa lalacewar muhalli kuma sun inganta tsarin ci gaba ta hanyar karfafa mata su sarrafa muhalli. Manufar su ita ce tabbatar da cewa mata suna da hanyoyin samun kudin shiga masu zaman kansu da kuma kiyaye muhalli ta hanyar gudanar da albarkatu masu ɗorewa.

### Tarihi

Kafin kafa Green Belt Movement, musamman a cikin shekarun 1970s, akwai ƙuntataccen tsarin damar siyasa a cikin Kenya saboda gwamnati a lokacin tana da matukar damuwa a siyasa. Gwamnatin Kenya ta mamaye maza da ra'ayoyinsu na shugabanci da na zalunci, wanda ya haifar da batutuwa da yawa ga mata. Mata da yawa a ko'ina cikin Kenya suna fama da ciyar da iyalansu, samun damar samun albarkatun kasa (ruwa, itace). Bugu da ƙari, mata da yawa na Kenya ba su da wani nau'i na kariya ta doka ko faɗar lokacin da ya zo ga siyasa a Kenya. An zalunta mata sosai kuma an bi da su yadda ba a yarda su kasance a cikin gwamnati ko zama a taron siyasa ba. Daga ƙarshe canje-canje a cikin Kenya da gwamnatinta sun faru. Green Belt Movement musamman ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen canza hanyoyin da ake bi da mata, an cire su, kuma an yi amfani da su a Kenya. Tsarin Green Belt Movement a matsayin kokarin kiyaye muhalli wanda ba shi da barazana ya yi tasiri sosai ga gwamnati da al'ummomi a lokacin da aka ga wasu nau'ikan gwagwarmaya a matsayin barazana ga gwamnati. Koyaya, ta hanyar ƙarfafa mata suyi tambaya game da matsayinsu kuma su kalubalanci cibiyoyin zamantakewa da siyasa waɗanda ke kiyaye mata masu bin Green Belt Movement an kafa shi a hukumance.

## Manazarta