Red Star Belgrade

**Fudbalski klub Crvena zvezda** ( Serbian Cyrillic       ), wanda aka fi sani da **Crvena zvezda** (  ) kuma ana kiranta da **Red Star Belgrade** a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na Anglophone, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙwararru ta Serbia da ke Belgrade, kuma babban ɓangare ne na ƙungiyar wasanni da yawa ta Red Star .

Su ne kulob mafi nasara daga Balkans da Kudu maso Gabashin Turai, kasancewarsu kulob daya tilo da ya lashe Kofin Turai da kuma Kofin Intercontinental, bayan ya yi hakan a shekarar 1991, kuma kungiya ta biyu ce kawai daga Gabashin Turai da ta lashe Kofin Turai. Tare da gasar cin kofin kasa 36, kofunan kasa 29, kofunan super na kasa 2, kofunan zakarun kasa 2 da kuma kofin lig daya tsakanin gasar Serbia da Yugoslavia, Red Star ita ce kulob mafi nasara a Yugoslavia kuma ta kare a matsayi na daya a teburin gasar Yugoslavia ta farko a tarihi, kuma ita ce kulob mafi nasara a Serbia.

A bisa ga kuri'un jin ra'ayin jama'a na shekarar 2008, Red Star Belgrade ita ce ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa mafi shahara a Serbia, inda kashi 48% na al'ummar ƙasar ke goyon bayanta.  Suna da magoya baya da yawa a wasu tsoffin jamhuriyoyin Yugoslavia da kuma daga cikin 'yan ƙasar Serbia da ke zaune a ƙasashen waje. Manyan abokan hamayyarsu su ne ƙungiyar Partizan ta Belgrade. Wasannin zakarun da ke tsakanin waɗannan ƙungiyoyi biyu ana kiransu da Eternal derby .

A cewar jerin manyan ƙungiyoyi 200 na Turai a ƙarni na 20, ƙungiyar Red Star ita ce ƙungiyar Serbia da Balkan mafi matsayi, tana matsayi na 27.

## Tarihi

### Yugoslavia da zamanin Serbia-Montenegro
A watan Fabrairun 1945, a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, wata ƙungiyar samari, 'yan wasa masu himma, ɗalibai da membobin ƙungiyar matasa ta Serbian United Antifascist Youth League, ta yanke shawarar kafa ƙungiyar Al'adun Jiki ta Matasa, wadda za ta zama Red Star Belgrade a ranar 4 ga Maris. A da, tun daga Disamba 1944, an soke dukkan ƙungiyoyin Serbia kafin yaƙi, kuma a ranar 5 ga Mayu 1945, Sakataren Wasanni na Kwaminisanci Mitra Mitrović-Djilas ya sanya hannu kan dokar da ta rushe dukkan ƙungiyoyin kafin yaƙi a yankin Jamhuriyar Kwaminisanci ta Serbia . An wargaza ƙungiyoyin saboda a lokacin mamayar Jamus, an yi yunƙurin shirya gasar don haka aka sanya wa dukkan ƙungiyoyin suna masu haɗin gwiwa ta hanyar gwamnatin kwaminisanci ta Josip Broz Tito .

An sanya wa Red Star suna bayan dogon tattaunawa. Sauran ra'ayoyin da wakilan suka gabatar sun haɗa da "Tauraron Mutane", "Tauraron Shuɗi", " Proleter ", " Stalin ", " Lenin ", *da sauransu.*  Mataimakan shugabanni na farko na Ƙungiyar Wasanni - Zoran Žujović da Slobodan Ćosić - su ne suka ba da shi.  Ba da daɗewa ba aka ɗauki Red Star a matsayin alamar ƙabilar Serbia a cikin Yugoslavia da kuma cibiyar wasanni wadda ta kasance mafi shahara a ƙasar har zuwa yau.  A wannan ranar, Red Star ta buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na farko a tarihin ƙungiyar da Bataliya ta Farko ta Brigade ta Biyu ta KNOJ ( People's Defense Corps of Yugoslavia ) kuma ta yi nasara da ci 3-0.

Nasarorin farko na Red Star sun haɗa da ƙananan matakai don samun karɓuwa. A cikin shekaru goma sha biyar na farko na rayuwa, Red Star ta lashe gasar Serbia guda ɗaya, gasar Yugoslav guda shida, Kofin Yugoslav guda biyar, Kofin Danube guda ɗaya kuma ta kai wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na Kofin Turai na 1956-57 . Wasu daga cikin manyan 'yan wasa a wannan lokacin sune Kosta Tomašević, Branko Stanković, Rajko Mitić, Vladimir Beara, Bora Kostić, Vladica Popović, Vladimir Durković da Dragoslav Šekularac . A matsayinsu na zakarun, Red Star sun kasance waɗanda Yugoslavia ta shiga gasar cin kofin Turai ta 1957-58 inda zakarun Ingila Manchester United suka sha kashi da ci 5-4 a jimilla a zagayen kwata na ƙarshe. Manchester United, wacce Matt Busby ke jagoranta, ta doke Red Star 2-1 a wasan farko a Ingila kafin ta yi kunnen doki 3-3 da su a Yugoslavia a wasan dawowa a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu a filin wasa na JNA .  Wasan zagaye na biyu abin lura ne saboda shine wasan karshe da Busby Babes suka buga: a lokacin da jirgin ya dawo Ingila washegari, jirgin ya fadi a Munich, wanda ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar mutane 23, ciki har da 'yan wasan Manchester United takwas.

Nan da nan bayan da NATO ta kawo ƙarshen harin bam a kan Yugoslavia, Red Star ta lashe kofi na 17 a tarihinta ta hanyar cin nasara 4-2 a kan Partizan . Kaka biyu bayan haka, ƙungiyar ta dawo kan hayyacinta a Turai ta hanyar shiga zagayen cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA ta 2001-02, inda Bayer Leverkusen ta kawar da Red Star (0-0 da 0-3), wanda daga baya ya zama wanda ya kai wasan ƙarshe a gasar zakarun Turai a wannan shekarar. Slavoljub Muslin ya bar benci a watan Satumba na 2001, bayan haka kakar wasa ta Red Star ta sake yin tsami.

### Zamanin baya-bayan nan
A zagayen share fage na gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA ta 2006-07, kungiyar Milan ce ta fitar da Red Star (3-1 a jimilla) daga hannun kungiyar da ta lashe gasar a wannan shekarar. Bugu da ƙari, kakar wasa a rukunin F na gasar UEFA ta 2007-08 babban abin takaici ne, musamman ganin cewa wasan farko da Bayern Munich ya kasance abin mamaki a minti na ƙarshe (da maki 2-3 a Belgrade). A waɗannan shekarun, ƙungiyoyin Red Star sun ƙunshi kamar Nikola Žigić, Boško Janković, Milan Biševac, Dušan Basta, Dejan Milovanović, Segundo Castillo, Ibrahima Gueye, Nenad Milijaš da Ognjen Koroman . Bayan fari na shekaru shida, Red Star ta lashe gasar ta 26 a kakar wasa ta 2013-14 .

Duk da nasarar da Red Star ta samu a filin wasa a kakar wasa ta 2013-14, yanayin rashin kuɗi a ƙungiyar ya tabarbare, har ta kai ga an hana ƙungiyar shiga gasar zakarun Turai ta 2014-15 wadda ta samu cancantar lashe gasar SuperLiga ta Serbia. Hukumar Kula da Kuɗi ta UEFA Club ta gano cewa bashin da Red Star ke bin 'yan wasa, waɗanda wasu daga cikinsu ba a biya su ba na tsawon watanni shida, ma'aikata da sauran ƙungiyoyi, ya kai jimillar €1.86.&nbsp;miliyan. An kuma yi zargin cewa hukumar kula da kulob din tana da basussuka da kuma takardun karya. Wannan, ban da matakin ladabtarwa na UEFA a baya a shekarar 2011, yana nufin Red Star ba ta cika sharuddan lasisin kulob da kuma tsarin adalci na kudi ba, saboda haka, bai kamata hukumar kwallon kafa ta Serbia ta ba ta lasisin UEFA ba.  Abokan hamayyarta Partizan sun maye gurbin Red Star a zagaye na biyu na neman gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA.

Bayan shekaru goma na jira, Red Star ta cancanci shiga matakin rukuni na UEFA Europa League na 2017–18 . Red Star ta ci gaba da zagaye hudu na cancantar shiga gasar, inda ta zama kungiya ta farko a tarihin gasar da ta kai matakin knockout bayan fara kakar wasa a zagaye na farko na cancantar shiga gasar.  Duk da cewa Red Star ta buga wasa a matakin rukuni na bugu na farko inda aka gabatar da tsarin rukuni a gasar Turai, 1991–92 European Cup, an amince da sunan "Champions League" ne kawai a kakar wasa daga baya inda aka riga aka haramta wa kungiyoyin Yugoslavia shiga. Don haka, lokacin da Red Star ta kawar da Red Bull Salzburg a zagaye na play-off na gasar UEFA Champions League na 2018–19, kuma ta cancanci shiga matakin rukuni na gasar UEFA Champions League, hakan yana nufin cewa Red Star ta fafata a karon farko tun lokacin da aka gabatar da sabon tsarin.  Red Star ta zama kungiyar Serbia ta farko da ta lashe wasa a gasar UEFA Champions League lokacin da ta doke Liverpool. 

A ranar 14 ga Mayu 2019, Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Serbia ta amince da gasar cin kofin Jumhuriyar Jama'ar Serbia ta 1946 a hukumance, wanda ke nufin cewa nasarar da Red Star ta samu a gasar SuperLiga ta Serbia ta 2018–19 ita ce gasar cin kofin kasa ta 30. Red Star ta kai matakin rukuni na gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA a karo na biyu a jere bayan ta kawar da Sūduva, HJK Helsinki, Copenhagen da Young Boys . A ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 2019, tashar talabijin ta Zvezda TV ta fara watsa shirye-shirye.

A gasar SuperLiga ta Serbia ta 2020–21, Red Star ta kafa tarihi a duniya na yawan maki da aka samu a kakar wasa daya da maki 108.  Red Star ta lashe gasar SuperLiga ta Serbia ta takwas a jere kuma ta kammala gasar sau biyu a jere a kakar wasa ta 2024–25.

## Launi da kauri
Red Star galibi suna sanya kayan wasan waje na fari, yayin da kuma suna amfani da kayan wasan waje na shuɗi ko ja ko na uku, wanda hakan ya haɗa da launuka uku na Serbia .    Alamar kulob tauraro ne mai ja mai maki biyar, fari mai firam, a bango mai launin ja da fari. Bugu da ƙari, dukkan layin an yi shi da zinare. Akwai taurari uku na zinare a saman alamar kulob ɗin, wanda ke nuna taken 30 da aka ci. 

### Tarihi

#### MANAZARTA