Helen Zille

**Otta Helene Maree** (née **Zille** /ˈzɪlə/;  *An haife ta* 9 Maris 1951), wacce aka fi sani da **Helen Zille**, 'yar siyasa ce ta Afirka ta Kudu. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar Tarayya ta Democratic Alliance tun daga 20 ga Oktoba 2019. Daga 2009 har zuwa 2019, ta kasance Firayim Minista na lardin Yammacin Cape na tsawon shekaru biyar, kuma memba na Majalisar Dokokin Lardin Yammacin Cape. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugaba na Tarayya na Democratic Alliance daga 2007 zuwa 2015 kuma a matsayin Magajin garin Cape Town daga 2006 zuwa 2009.

Zille tsohon ɗan jarida ne kuma mai fafutukar adawa da wariyar launin fata   kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan jarida waɗanda suka fallasa ɓoye-ɓoye game da mutuwar shugaban Black Consciousness Steve Biko yayin da yake aiki ga *Rand Daily Mail* a ƙarshen 1970s. Ta kuma yi aiki tare da Black Sash da sauran kungiyoyin masu goyon bayan dimokuradiyya a cikin shekarun 1980. Zille yana magana da Turanci, Afrikaans, Xhosa, da Jamusanci.

Bayan tashi daga firaministan a watan Mayu 2019, ta shiga Cibiyar Kula da Harkokin Kasuwanci ta Afirka ta Kudu a matsayin babban jami'in siyasa a watan Yulin 2019, kodayake ta dakatar da aikinta a watan Oktoba 2019.  Ta fara nata kwasfan fayiloli, *Tea tare da Helen*, a watan Agustan 2019.  Zille ta sanar da niyyarta ta gudu don jirgin magajin gari na Johannesburg.

## Rayuwa ta farko da aiki

### Shekaru na farko, ilimi da iyali
Helen Zille an haife ta ne a Hillbrow, Johannesburg, 'yar fari ce ga iyayen da uwa bar Jamus daban a cikin shekarun 1930 don kauce wa tsanantawar Nazi saboda gaskiyar cewa kakan mahaifiyarta da kakarta Yahudawa ne.

An yi imanin cewa Zille jikokin dan wasan Berlin ne Heinrich Zille . Ta ba da ma'anar da ta dace da kanta a baya amma ta janye su a cikin tarihin rayuwarta da aka buga a 2016.  Masanin asalin Berlin Martina Rhode ta rubuta kafin hakan akwai rikice-rikice a cikin rubuce-rubucen da aka rubuta da hannu na kawunta Heinrich tsakanin mutane masu suna iri ɗaya amma wurare daban-daban na haihuwa da kwanakin haihuwa.

Mahaifiyarta ta kasance mai sa kai tare da Ofishin Ba da Shawara na Black Sash .  Yayinda iyalinta ke zaune a Rivonia, ta yi karatu a makarantar St Mary ta Johannesburg, Waverley, ɗaya daga cikin makarantun ilimi masu zaman kansu na birnin. Ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Witwatersrand, inda ta sami digiri na farko na Arts . A kusa da 1969, ta shiga kungiyar Young Progressives, ƙungiyar matasa ta Jam'iyyar Progressive Party mai sassaucin ra'ayi da adawa da wariyar launin fata.

### Jaridar siyasa
Zille ta fara aikinta a matsayin wakilin siyasa na jaridar *Rand Daily Mail* a shekara ta 1974.  A watan Satumbar 1977, Ministan Shari'a da 'yan sanda na Afirka ta Kudu J.T. Kruger ya ba da sanarwar cewa mai fafutukar adawa da wariyar launin fata Steve Biko ya mutu a kurkuku sakamakon yajin aikin yunwa. Zille da editanta Allister Sparks sun gamsu da labarin Kruger ya kasance mai rufewa, kuma Zille ya sami tabbacin wannan bayan ganowa da yin hira da likitocin da ke cikin lamarin.

Sakamakon wallafa labarin, mai taken "Babu alamar yajin aikin yunwa - likitocin Biko", Ministan Kruger nan da nan ya yi barazanar haramta jaridar, kuma Zille ya sami barazanar kisa. Zille da Sparks sun sami wakilci a majalisar manema labarai ta shari'a ta lauyan kare Sydney Kentridge. An gano su biyu suna da laifi na "ra'ayi mai kyau", kuma an tilasta wa takarda ta ba da gyara. Kentridge daga baya ya taimaka wajen tabbatar da daidaito na asusun Zille lokacin da ya wakilci iyalin Biko a binciken mutuwarsa. Wannan binciken ya gano mutuwar Biko ta kasance sakamakon mummunan rauni a kai amma ta kasa samun wani mutum da ke da alhakin.

Zille ya yi murabus daga *Rand Daily Mail* tare da editan Allister Sparks, bayan mai mallakar jaridar, Anglo American, ya bukaci Sparks ya bar maganganun daidaito na jaridar.

### Yunkurin adawa da wariyar launin fata
Zille ya shiga cikin ƙungiyar Black Sash a cikin shekarun 1980. Ta yi aiki a cikin shugabannin yanki da na kasa na kungiyar, kuma ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaban Kamfen ɗin Ƙarshen Ƙarshen Aiki a Yammacin Cape. A wannan lokacin, an kama ta saboda kasancewa a cikin "yanki na rukuni" ba tare da izini ba kuma an dakatar da ita a kurkuku. Zille da mijinta daga baya sun ba da gidansu a matsayin gida mai aminci ga masu gwagwarmayar siyasa a lokacin Jihar Gaggawa ta 1986, kuma an tilasta mata ta ɓoye tare da ɗansu mai shekaru biyu.[1]

Zille ya kuma shiga cikin aikin Afirka ta Kudu Beyond Apartheid da Kwamitin Zaman Lafiya na Cape Town . Daga baya ta tattara shaidu ga Hukumar Goldstone wacce ta binciki yunkurin lalata Yammacin Cape kafin zaben a shekarar 1994.

## Ayyukan manufofin ilimi
Zille ta kafa mai ba da shawara kan manufofin jama'a a shekarar 1989, kuma a shekarar 1993 an ba ta matsayin Darakta na Ci Gaban da Harkokin Jama'a a Jami'ar Cape Town . A wannan lokacin Zille ya kuma shugabanci hukumar gudanarwa ta Makarantar Firamare ta Grove, kuma a cikin 1996 ya jagoranci kalubalen da ya samu nasara a kan manufofin gwamnati da ke iyakance ikon hukumomin gudanarwa don nada ma'aikata.

Jam'iyyar Democrat (yanzu Democratic Alliance) ta gayyaci Zille don rubuta daftarin manufofin ilimi a Yammacin Cape. A shekara ta 1999 ta zama memba na Majalisar Dokokin Lardin Yammacin Cape kuma an nada ta MEC don Ilimi. 

A shekara ta 2004, Zille ya zama memba na majalisar dokoki tare da DA . A cikin DA, ta tashi zuwa matakin mataimakin shugaban tarayya kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai magana da yawun jam'iyyar kasa da kuma mai magana da shi ga ilimi.

## Manazarta