Al-Nawawi

**Imam An-Nawawi**, cikakken sunansa shine **Abu Zakaria Yahya Ibn Sharaf al-Nawawī** (Larabci|*أبو زكريا يحيى بن شرف النووي*;&lrm; 1233–1277), anfi saninsa da **al-Nawawī** ko **Imam Nawawī** yarayu daga (631 zuwa 676 A.H./1234–1277), Ahlus-sunnah wato mabiyin Sunnah, fakihi a Mazhabar Shafi'iyya, malamin hadisi. Ya wallafa littafai da dama masu yawan gaske, wadanda suka hada da littafan hadisai, da theology, da tarihai, da kuma jurisprudence. Al-Nawawi dai bai taba yin aure ba a rayuwarsa.

## Kuruciya
An haife shi a Nawa kusa da Damascus, Siriya. Kamar yadda yake da harshen Larabci da sauran yarukan Semitic, sashin sunansa na ƙarshe yana nufin garinsu.

Yasin bin Yusuf Marakashi, yana cewa: “Na ga Imam Nawawi a Nawa yana matashi dan shekara goma, sauran yara maza na shekarunsa sun kasance suna tilasta masa ya yi wasa da su, amma Imam Nawawi ya kan guje wa wasan, kuma ya shagaltu da karatun Alkur’ani mai girma, a lokacin da suka yi kokarin mamayewa suka dage a kan shiga wasanninsu, bai lura da abin da ya shafi wasansa ba, kuma bai lura da abin da ya yi ba. girman kai, soyayya ta musamman ta karu a cikin zuciyata ga matashi Nawawi, na tunkari malaminsa, na roke shi da ya kula da wannan yaro na musamman domin ya zama babban malamin addini, sai na ce masa ni ba boka ba ne, kuma ba boka ba ne, amma Allah ne ya sa na fadi wadannan kalmomi. Malaminsa ya isar da wannan lamari ga mahaifin Imam, kuma bisa la’akari da neman ilmin dansa, sai ya yanke shawarar sadaukar da ran dansa don hidima da daukaka tafarkin Musulunci   

## Rayuwa a matsayin malami
Ya yi karatu a Damascus tun yana dan shekara 18 kuma bayan ya yi aikin hajji a shekara ta 1253 ya zauna a wurin a matsayin malami mai zaman kansa.

## Fitattun malamai
A lokacin zamansa a Damascus, ya yi karatu a wajen malamai sama da ashirin wadanda ake daukarsu a matsayin gwanaye da mahukuntan fannonin da suka shafi darussan da suke koyarwa. An-Nawawi ya karanci Hadisi, Fikihun Musulunci, Ka'idojinsa, Rubutu da Etymology. Malamansa sun hada da Abu Ibrahim Ishaq bin Ahmad AI-Maghribi, Abu Muhammad Abdur-Rahman bin Ibrahim Al-Fazari, Radiyuddin Abu Ishaq Ibrahim bin Abu Hafs Umar bin Mudar Al-Mudari, Abu Ishaq Ibrahim bin Isa Al-Muradi, Abul-Baqa Khalid bin Yusuf An-Nablusi, Abul-Abbas Ahmad bin Salim Al-Misri, Abdullah bin Abdullah Al-Fazari, Abu Ishaq Ibrahim Bin Isa Al-Mudari Bandar, Abu Muhammad At-Tanukhi, Sharafuddin Abdul-Aziz bin Muhammad Al-Ansari, Abul-Faraj Abdur-Rahman bin Muhammad bin Ahmad Al-Maqdisi, da Abul-Fada'il Sallar bin Al-Hasan Al Arbali da sauransu. 

## Ka'ida
Ya yi ta'wili a kan wasu ayoyin Alqur'ani da hadisai kan sifofin Allah. Yana cewa a cikin tafsirinsa na hadisi cewa:

Wannan yana daga cikin “hadisan sifofi” wadanda malamai suke da matsayi biyu a kansa. Na farko shi ne yin imani da shi ba tare da tattauna ma’anarsa ba, alhali kuwa imani da Allah Madaukakin Sarki cewa “Babu wani abu da ya kasance kamarSa.” (k:42:11), da cewa Ya daukaka a kan samun wani abu daga cikin sifofin halittunSa. Na biyu shi ne mu yi bayaninsa ta hanyar da ta dace, malaman da suke da wannan matsayi suna ambaton cewa abin da hadisin ya zo a cikinsa shi ne a jarraba kuyanga: Shin ta kasance mai tauhidi, wadda ta tabbatar da cewa mahalicci, majiɓinci, mai aikatawa, Allah ne Shi kaɗai, kuma shi ne wanda ake kira a lokacin da mai addu'a (du'a) ya fuskanci sama-kamar yadda masu yin addu'a suke yi a sama-kamar masu yin alkibla (basal). masu yin addu'a, kamar yadda Ka'aba ta kasance alƙiblar masu yin salla, ko kuwa ta kasance mai bautar gumaka ne da suka sanya a gaba? To, a lokacin da ta ce: “A cikin sama, ya bayyana cewa ita ba mushriki ba ce.  

## Dangantaka da Baybars
Al-Nawawi ya jawo fushin Mamluk Sultan Rukn al-Din Baybars sau biyu. A wani lokaci da mutanen Damascus suka nemi sassauci daga wani nauyi mai nauyi na haraji bayan fari na tsawon shekaru. Al-Nawawi ya rubuta cewa idan Baybars ba ta daina dora wa mazaunanta haraji da zalunci ba to Allah zai dora masa laifinsa a lahira. Wannan ya sa Baybars suka yi barazanar korar shi daga Damascus. Don haka sai ya mayar da martani da cewa:

"Ni kaina, barazana ba ta cutar da ni, ko kuma tana da wani abu a gare ni, ba za su hana ni yin nasiha ga mai mulki ba, domin na yi imani cewa hakan wajibi ne a kaina da sauran mutane".

Sheikh Navaid Aziz ya bayyana wata shahararriyar tatsuniya a lokacin da Al-Nawawi ya yi wa Sultan Baybars jawabi a lokacin da ya bukaci malamai su ba da fatawar da ta zartar da cewa a tattara wakafi ga mai mulki kadai, duk da cewa an yi nufin mutane ne. Al- Nawawi ya mayar masa da martani, yana mai kwadaitar da shi da ya ji tsoron Allah, ya kame kwadayinsa, wanda Sarkin Musulmi ya yarda da shi. Wasu mutane sun tambayi Baybars me yasa bai daure Al-Nawawi a matsayin ramuwar gayya ba, sai Baybars suka amsa da cewa a duk lokacin da ya yi tunanin kulle Al-Nawawi, tsoro ya shiga cikin zuciyarsa. A cikin haduwar biyun, Baybars sun bi nasihar Al-Nawawi.

## Mutuwa da gado
A cikin ukun karshe na daren Laraba 25 Rajab shekara ta 676 bayan hijira, daidai da 22 ga Disamba, 1277 Miladiyya Al-Nawawi ya rasu yana dan shekara 45 a duniya, an yi jana’izarsa washe gari.

Hadisi Arba'in na Imam Nawawi ya karantar a Masallacin-Madrassa na Sultan Hassan da ke birnin Alkahira na kasar Masar

Mutuwa da gado

A cikin ukun karshe na daren Laraba 25 Rajab shekara ta 676 bayan hijira, daidai da 22 ga Disamba, 1277 Miladiyya Al-Nawawi ya rasu yana dan shekara 45 a duniya, an yi jana’izarsa washe gari.

Hadisi Arba'in na Imam Nawawi ya karantar a Masallacin-Madrassa na Sultan Hassan da ke birnin Alkahira na kasar Masar.

Dorewar gadon An-Nawawi shi ne gudunmawar da ya bayar ga adabin hadisi ta hanyar manyan ayyukansa na Hadisai arba’in da Riyadh as-Saaliheen. Wannan ya sanya ake girmama shi a dukkan mazhabobi, duk kuwa da kasancewarsa na fikihu Shafi’i[26]. A cewar Al-Dhahabi, natsuwa da shayarwar Imam Nawawi a cikin soyayyar ilimi ya samu shaharar karin magana. Ya ba da duk lokacinsa don koyo da karatu. Ban da karatu da rubutu, ya kwashe lokacinsa yana nazari kan batutuwan da suka yi mu’amala da su da sarkakiya da neman mafita. Malamai sun yabe shi da siffofi guda 3:

Matsayin karatunsa. Rubuta fiye da shafuka 40 a kullum daga shekaru 18-45. Ci gaba da karatu na tsawon sa'o'i 12 sannan kuma yana koyarwa na tsawon sa'o'i 12 yana da shekara 18-20 a Damascus.

Zuciyarsa. Rashin yin aure don tsoron tauye haqqin matarsa, rashin son duniya, bautar Allah dawwama, zikiri.

Ƙaunar da yake da ita wajen umurni da kyakkyawa da hani da mummuna. Kamar yadda aka yi da Sultan al-Baibars.

## Rushewar kabari
A shekara ta 2015, a lokacin yakin basasar kasar Siriya, 'yan tawaye masu alaka da kungiyar Al Nusra sun rushe kabarinsa. 

## Manazarta