Yanayin Arunachal Pradesh

**[[Arunachal Pradesh]]** a farko wata hanya ce mai tuddai wacce ke kan tudun Himalayas a arewa maso gabashin Indiya.  An baje shi a kan fili mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 83,743 (32,333 sq mi).[1]  Kashi 98% na yankin kasa ne wanda kashi 80% daga ciki ke rufe gandun daji;[1] 2% ruwa ne.[4]  Tsarin kogin a yankin, ciki har da na Himalayas mafi girma da Patkoi da Arakan Ranges, daga ƙarshe ya matse cikin kogin Brahmaputra.[1]

Hawan ya fito ne daga duwatsu da ke sama da mita 7,000 (23,000 ,  zuwa garuruwa a cikin filayen da ke da tsawo ƙasa da mita 300 (980 . [7] Arunachal tana da iyakoki na kasa da kasa tare da Bhutan, Tibet (China) da Burma (Myanmar) . A ciki, Arunachal tana kan iyaka da jihohin Assam da Nagaland. Arunachal ana kiranta "jiha ta orchid ta Indiya"  da kuma "dutse mai haske / Land of Dawn / Land of Morning-Lit Mountains".  [11]

## Yankin da iyakoki
Arunachal Pradesh yana arewa maso gabashin Indiya, yana iyaka da Bhutan, Tibet (China) da Myanmar na duniya.[1]  Iyakar da Bhutan kilomita 160 ne (99 mi), iyakar China kilomita 1,080 (670 mi), kuma iyakar Myanmar kilomita 440 (270 mi).  Iyakoki na ciki sun haɗa da iyakar Assam-Arunachal Pradesh mai nisan kilomita 804.1 (499.6 mi), yayin da iyakar Nagaland ke da nisan kilomita 55 (34 mi).

Yankin ya kai murabba'in kilomita 83,743 (32,333 sq mi  Kashi 98% na yankin ƙasa ne.   Yawancin wannan ƙasa ƙasa ce mai tuddai, tare da fili mai faɗin fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 4,450 (sq mi)]  Ruwa ya rufe kashi 2% na wurin.[4]  Ita ce ta 14 mafi girma a tsakanin jihohi da yankuna na ƙungiyar Indiya ta yanki.

## Yanayin jiki

### Yanayin ƙasa da taimako
Yankin taimako ya bambanta tsakanin filayen da ke da mita ɗari a tsawo da duwatsu sama da mita 7,000 (23,000 .  Tsawon garuruwan Naharlagun, Pasighat da Tezu a kudu suna da 290 m, 155 m da 210 m bi da bi, yayin da Kangto, Nyegi Kangsang da ƙungiyar duwatsu ta Gorichen wasu daga cikin mafi girman tsaunuka ne a wannan yankin na Himalayas.[7] Yankin kudancin Arunachal Pradesh suna kewaye da tsaunukan Shivalik waɗanda suka haɗu cikin filayen. Duwatsu da duwatsu sun haɗa siffofi kamar kwari da tsaunuka, wato tsaunuka tsakanin duwatsu.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

Sassan Gundumar Lohit, Gundumar Changlang da Gundumar Tirap suna rufe da tuddai na Patkai. Duwatsun sun kai ga Nagaland, kuma sun samar da iyaka ta halitta tsakanin Indiya da Burma.

Yankin Namcha Barwa Himal ya kai Indiya har zuwa Kogin Siyom . 

Manyan tuddai da aka samu a wannan yankin sun hada da:

* Wannan tsaunuka
* Dutsen Daphla
* Dutsen Miri
* Abor Hills
* Dutsen Mishmi
* Dutsen Patkai

### Rashin ruwa da tsarin kogi
Ruwan ruwa / ruwan sama yana da hekta 154,609 (1,546.09 km2) ko 1.91% na jimlar yankin.[4] Daga cikin wannan, kashi 86% na wuraren da ake amfani da su koguna ne.[4] Gundumar Lohit da Gundumar Dibang Valley suna da mafi yawan wuraren da ke cikin jihar.[4]

Manyan tsarin koguna sune (daga yamma zuwa gabas):  

* Kameng
* Subansiri
* Siang
* Dibang
* Lohit

Dukkanin wadannan ana ciyar da su da dusar ƙanƙara daga Himalayas da koguna da koguna masu yawa kuma a ƙarshe suna gudana cikin Siang / Brahmaputra. Rashin koguna da ke gudana a cikin duwatsu ya haifar da kwari mai faɗi, wanda shine babban fasalin yanayin jihar.

Sauran koguna sun hada da Tawang Chu, Dikrong, Ranga, Kamala / Kamla, Kamplang, Siyum, Dihing / Noadihing da Tirap.


Fayil:Kameng_River_Basin.png|Kameng River Basin
Fayil:Subansiri_River_Basin.jpg|Subansiri River basin
Fayil:Dibang_River_Basin.png|Dibang River basin
Fayil:Lohit_River_Basin.png|Lohit River basin


## Biodiversity

### Yankunan muhalli da nau'ikan gandun daji
Arunachal consists of a number of eco-regions. At the lowest elevations, at Arunachal Pradesh's border with Assam, are the Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests. Much of the state, including the Himalayan foothills and the Patkai hills, are home to Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests. Towards the northern border with Tibet, with increasing elevation, come a mixture of Eastern and Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests followed by Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows.&#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup><gallery widths="140" heights="140" caption="Ecoregions">
Fayil:Ecoregion_IM0401.png|Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests
Fayil:Ecoregion_IM0501.png|Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests
Fayil:Ecoregion_PA0514.png|Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests
Fayil:Ecoregion_IM0105.svg|Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests
Fayil:Ecoregion_PA1003.png|Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows
</gallery>A yanayin yanayi, ana iya rarraba gandun daji a matsayin gandun daji na Tropical, gandun daji, gandun dajin da ke da matsakaici, gandun ado na subbalpine, gandun alpine da na biyu. A mafi ƙasƙanci, ana ganin wuraren da ke da gandun daji tare da bishiyoyi daga gandun daji na yanayi zuwa gandun daji mai laushi da kuma gandun daji. Alpine shrubs da meadows sun biyo baya, a ƙarshe suna haifar da tsaunuka masu kankara.

Cibiyar Nazarin dazuzzuka ta Indiya ta Indiya ta Jihar Forest Report 2019 ta lissafa yankuna a ƙarƙashin nau'ikan gandun daji daban-daban a cikin jihar.[39] Manyan nau'ikan gandun daji a matsayin kashi na yankin da ke rufe gandun daji sune:

* Gabashin Himalayan Sub-Tropical Wet Hill Forest = 24.35% [39]
* Gabashin Himalayan Wet Temperate Forest = 22.92% [39]
* Gabashin Himalayan Sub-Alpine Birch / Fir Forest = 13.46% [39]
* Alpine Pastures = 6.73% [39]
* Sub-Himalayan Light Alluvial Semi-Evergreen Forest = 6.60% [39]
* Sauran = Sauran [39]

Rufin gandun daji ya bambanta daga 54% a Gundumar Tawang zuwa 92% a Gundumar Papum Pare.[40] Akwai nau'ikan bishiyoyi 110.[39]

Yankunan da aka kare sun hada da Dihang-Dibang Biosphere Reserve, Namdapha National Park, Mouling National Park, da wuraren tsarkake namun daji 11 da wuraren ajiyar giwa, wuraren ajiyar tiger da kuma wurin tsarkake orchid, wanda ke rufe kusan 12% na yankin jihar.

=== Tsire-tsire da dabbobi ===
Flora da fauna a cikin jihar sun hada da nau'ikan shuke-shuke sama da 4000, nau'ikan tsuntsaye 600, nau'in kifi 200, nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa 42 da dabbobi masu rarrafe 85 da kuma yawan kwari, butterflies da dabbobi.[42] cts, butterflies da dabbobi masu rarrafe.[1][2]&amp;nbsp; Orchids, fern, bamboo, cane, rhododendrons, itacen oak, hedychiums, da tsire-tsire na magani daban-daban suna samar da nau'i daban-daban na murfin kore na jihar.&amp;nbsp; Daga cikin amfanin gonakin da ake noman akwai shinkafa, nigros, masara, gero, alkama, gwangwani, rake, ginger, da mai.&amp;nbsp; Arunachal kuma yana da kyau don noman lambun lambu da 'ya'yan itace.&amp;nbsp; Manyan masana'anta sun hada da masana'antar shinkafa, dakunan adana 'ya'yan itace da sarrafa kayan marmari, da kuma sana'o'in hannu Ban da su, dazuzzukan Arunachal ma suna da dimbin jama'a na kabilu daban-daban.&amp;nbsp; Wadannan mutanen kabilanci, ba tare da kauracewa birni ba, suna zaune ne a cikin wadannan dazuzzuka inda nau'ikan dazuzzukan ke zama wani bangare na rayuwarsu.&amp;nbsp; Dama daga kudancin jihar da tsayin daka ya yi kasa za mu ga itatuwa iri-iri kamar su teak, sal, gutjan, da sauransu.<gallery>
Fayil:Strobilanthus,_Namdapha.jpg|The Strobilanthus flower at the Namdapha National Park
Fayil:Austen's_Brown_Hornbill.jpg|Hornbills at the Namdapha National Park
Fayil:Male_Azure_saphire_in_Arunachal_Pradesh_AJTJ.jpg|Male azure sapphire
Fayil:Renanthera_imschootiana_Rolfe,_Bull._Misc._Inform._Kew_1891_200_(1891)_(40297843010).jpg|''Renanthera imschootiana''
Fayil:Eaglenest-forests.jpg|View of Eaglenest forest canopy
</gallery>

== Yanayin yanayi ==

Kamar yadda Tsarin rarraba yanayi na Köppen-Geiger ya nuna, nau'ikan yanayi mafi yawa a cikin jihar sune [[Yanayin zafi mai zafi]] da yanayin zafi mai tasiri. Sauran yanayin yanayi sun haɗa da yanayin subtropical highland, yanayin zafi-summer mai zafi na yanayi da yanayin subbarctic mai tasiri.

Yankunan da ke cikin ƙananan belin jihar suna fuskantar yanayin zafi da zafi, tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki a cikin tuddai wanda ya kai har zuwa 40 ° C (a lokacin rani). Matsakaicin zafin jiki a wannan yankin a cikin hunturu ya kasance daga 15 ° zuwa 21 ° C yayin da wannan a lokacin ruwan sama ya kasance tsakanin 22 ° da 30 ° C.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

Arunachal Pradesh tana fuskantar ruwan sama mai yawa a lokacin Mayu zuwa Satumba. Matsakaicin ruwan sama da aka rubuta a Arunachal Pradesh shine 300 centimeters, ya bambanta tsakanin 80 centimeters da 450 centimeters.

== Yanayin ɗan adam ==

=== Yawan jama'a ===

=== Rarrabawar gudanarwa ===
<div class="center"><div class="locmap noresize thumb tnone"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:1002px"><div style="position:relative;width:1000px;border:1px solid lightgray"><div class="od notheme" style="top:62.873%;left:7.724%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:5px;left:-3em"><div>**Tawang**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:73.301%;left:16.848%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Yammacin Kameng**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:79.779%;left:25.039%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Pakke-Kessang**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:63.284%;left:24.979%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Gabashin Kameng**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:52.201%;left:30.879%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:5px;left:-3em"><div>**Kurung Kumey**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:74.455%;left:34.741%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Papum Pare**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:64.429%;left:39.566%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Ƙananan Subansiri**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:55.934%;left:43.736%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Kamle**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:48.828%;left:38.251%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Kra Daadi**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:39.191%;left:42.372%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Upper Subansiri**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:56.248%;left:51.794%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Ƙananan Siang**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:52.884%;left:55.002%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Lepa Rada**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:43.64%;left:50.392%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Yammacin Siang**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:27.706%;left:46.21%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Shi Yomi**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:34.215%;left:56.574%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Siang**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:17.564%;left:55.217%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Upper Siang**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:47.083%;left:63.977%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Gabashin Siang**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:23.218%;left:72.861%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Kwarin Dibang**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:44.017%;left:72.326%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Ƙananan Kwarin Dibang**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:46.825%;left:88.91%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Anjaw**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:50.475%;left:77.403%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Lohit**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:60.023%;left:72.817%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Namsai**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:77.601%;left:71.029%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Changlang**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:82.307%;left:66.917%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Tirap**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:85.964%;left:63.985%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Tsawon Tsaro**</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:78.878%;left:36.378%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>**Itanagar'''Gundumomi na Arunachal Pradesh tun daga 2018 Legend: Capital Shekarar da aka kirkira 2018 Shekarar da ta kirkira 2017 Shekarar da da aka kirkirar 2015 An kirkirar kafin 2015