Majalisar Shugabannin Yanayi

**Majalisar Shugabannin Yanayi** (Majalisar)  kungiya ce mai zaman kanta ta jam'iyyun biyu wacce ke ba da shawara ga mafita ta kasuwa don rage hayaki na duniya. A cikin 2022, ta ƙaddamar da Cibiyar Yanayi da Ciniki wanda ke amfani da "dangantakar kasuwanci da tattalin arzikin kasuwa zuwa ga mafi girman hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa da ci gaban yanayi".

An ƙaddamar da shi a cikin 2017 ta hanyar Ted Halstead da tsoffin Sakataren Gwamnatin Republican James Baker da George Shultz,  Majalisar ta shirya hadin gwiwar kamfanoni, kungiyoyin muhalli, masana tattalin arziki da sauransu don tallafawa asalin tsarin yanayi, shirin Baker-Shultz Carbon Dividends. 

## Yankunan da aka mayar da hankali da kuma aikin kwanan nan
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, Majalisar ta mayar da hankali kan "yi amfani da dakarun kasuwa don karfafa saka hannun jari na fasaha mai tsabta, kirkire-kirkire, da rage fitarwa. "  Don tallafawa wannan manufa, aikin Majalisar ya kunshi wurare da yawa. 

**Kasuwanci**: Majalisar tana aiki don daidaita manufofin kasuwanci tare da burin yanayi ta hanyar inganta ka'idojin da ke ba da lada ga samar da ƙananan carbon. Kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na hayaki na duniya suna da alaƙa da kayan kasuwanci na duniya. A cikin 2022, Majalisar ta ƙaddamar da Cibiyar Yanayi da Ciniki, wani shiri wanda ke mai da hankali kan haɓaka kasuwanci a matsayin kayan aiki don ci gaban yanayin duniya.

**Amfanin Carbon**: Majalisar tana tallafawa dabarun da ke amfani da fa'idar carbon ta Amurka don rage hayaki na duniya da haɓaka masana'antar Amurka. Majalisar ta buga *[https://clcouncil.org/report/americas-carbon-advantage/ Amfanin Carbon na Amurka]* a cikin 2020,  sannan kuma sabuntawa a cikin 2025, wanda ya gano "kayayyakin da aka ƙera a Amurka sun fi 2x carbon-daidaitaccen fiye da matsakaicin duniya". 

**Kasuwanci da Kasuwanci na Duniya**: Majalisar tana aiki don daidaita tsarin saka hannun jari da fitarwa na Amurka tare da manufofin tattalin arziki, tsaro, da yanayi. Sun bayyana cewa "akwai kimanin dala tiriliyan 130 a cikin kasuwar duniya don fasahar makamashi mai tsabta har zuwa 2050, kodayake Amurka tana da kashi 6% kawai na fitar da duniya a cikin waɗannan fasahohin a yau".

Tsaro na Sadarwa: Majalisar tana tallafawa dabaru don ƙarfafawa da rarraba sarkar wadata don mahimman ma'adanai waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don samar da fasahar makamashi mai ci gaba. Dangane da rahoton Majalisar da ke ba da fifiko ga bukatun Amurka: Sabuwar dabarar don Decarbonization na Duniya, Amurka ta fi kashi 50% na dogara da shigo da nau'ikan ma'adanai masu mahimmanci kuma tana dogara da shigowa don nau'ikan 14,  wanda ke haifar da haɗari ga gasa ta tattalin arziki da ƙoƙarin decarbonization.

**Auna fitarwa**: Majalisar tana inganta jituwa da hanyoyin auna fitarwa a fadin masana'antu da iyakokin kasa da kasa. Majalisar tana tallafawa kokarin samar da ƙarin lissafin carbon mai gaskiya da daidaito a Amurka, gami da bayanan fitar da hayaki wanda za a ba da izini a ƙarƙashin Dokar PROVE IT.

Carbon Dividends: An tsara Shirin Carbon Dividend na Majalisar don tallafawa sannu a hankali decarbonization, samar da tabbacin manufofi ga kasuwancin Amurka, da inganta lissafin kasa da kasa. A cikin 2020, Majalisar ta fitar da taswirar yanayi ta Bipartisan, bisa ga shirin Baker Shultz Carbon Dividends na kashi huɗu.

## Shirin Kasuwancin Kasuwancin Baker-Shultz
An san harajin carbon da shawarwarin raba kudi na majalisar a matsayin shirin raba kudi na Baker-Shultz. Shirin ya ba da shawarar biyan haraji ga kamfanonin man fetur a kan hayakin carbon da kuma biyan kuɗi ga Amurkawa. Shirin ya hada da ginshiƙai huɗu: 

# Ka caji kamfanonin man fetur na burbushin halittu kuɗin don fitar da carbon.
# Ka mayar da duk kuɗin kai tsaye ga mutanen Amurka ta hanyar rajista na kwata-kwata.
# Cire ka'idojin carbon waɗanda ba su da mahimmanci don haka kamfanoni za su iya kirkiro da saka hannun jari a makamashi mai tsabta a nan gaba; da
# Ka kira wasu kasashe kamar China da Indiya don rage hayaki ta hanyar cajin kuɗi akan abubuwan da ke cikin carbon na samfuran da aka shigo da su.

A cikin 2019, Majalisar Shugabannin Yanayi ta shirya Sanarwar 'Yan Tattalin Arziki kan Rarrabawar Carbon, wanda sama da masana tattalin arziki na Amurka 3,500 suka sanya hannu.

A watan Fabrairun 2020, Majalisar ta buga taswirar yanayi ta jam'iyyun biyu wanda ya ba da cikakken bayani game da rabon rabon. Shirin ya haɗa da ƙara harajin carbon a hankali, farawa a $ 40 a kowace tan, da biyan kuɗi ga Amurkawa ta hanyar biyan kuɗi na kwata-kwata, farawa a dala 2000 ga iyali na hudu a cikin shekara ta farko. Har ila yau, majalisar ta tara wani rukuni na masu gudanarwa, masu kula da muhalli da masana na kudi don ba da shawara game da shirin su na raba carbon a matsayin hanyar rage hayakin gas ga jam'iyyar Senate Climate Solutions Caucus.

## Fa'idodin raba carbon
Baya ga rage hayakin CO2, bincike da ƙira sun nuna cewa shirin zai kuma samar da dala tiriliyan 1.4 a cikin sabon saka hannun jari a cikin kirkire-kirkire  kuma ya haifar da sabbin ayyuka miliyan 1.6 a shekara ta 2035 a cikin fasahar makamashi mai tsabta kamar motocin lantarki, bangarorin hasken rana, fasahar kama carbon, da gonakin iska na waje. 

A report, *America’s Carbon Advantage*, published in 2020 argues that the U.S. economy would emerge as a global winner from a border adjustable carbon fee included in the council's plan in part because American-manufactured goods are 40 percent more carbon efficient than the world average. Overseas manufacturers looking to export their goods to the U.S. would pay a U.S. carbon import fee. As a result, American businesses that are more efficient stand to benefit.                 Wani rahoto, America's Carbon Advantage, wanda aka buga a shekarar 2020 ya yi jayayya cewa tattalin arzikin Amurka zai fito a matsayin mai cin nasara a duniya daga kudin carbon mai daidaitawa da aka haɗa a cikin shirin majalisa a wani bangare saboda kayayyakin da aka yi da Amurka sun fi dacewa da kashi 40 cikin dari fiye da matsakaicin duniya. Masana'antun kasashen waje da ke neman fitar da kayayyakinsu zuwa Amurka za su biya kuɗin shigo da carbon na Amurka. A sakamakon haka, kasuwancin Amurka waɗanda suka fi dacewa suna tsayawa don amfana

Har ila yau, majalisar ta wallafa wani binciken da NERA Economic Consulting ta yi a cikin 2020 wanda ke tabbatar da cewa samfurin raba carbon zai samar da karin fitarwa na tattalin arziki idan aka kwatanta da amfani da ka'idojin yanayi da aka tsara don cimma irin wannan raguwar hayaki. Zuwa shekara ta 2036, babban samfurin cikin gida na Amurka (GDP) zai zama dala biliyan 190 a kowace shekara a ƙarƙashin tsarin raba carbon idan aka kwatanta da irin wannan raguwar carbon wanda ya dogara da ka'idoji.

## Zabe
Majalisar ta wallafa kuri'u da yawa da ke nuna goyon bayan jam'iyyun biyu don aiki don magance canjin yanayi da kuma maganin raba carbon.  

## Wadanda suka kafa
Kungiyar magoya bayan Majalisar Shugabancin Yanayi ana kiranta mambobin kafawa. Majalisar ta kaddamar da hadin gwiwar mambobin kafa a watan Yunin 2017. Ya zuwa watan Agustan 2021, majalisar tana da mambobi masu kafa 46, ciki har da kamfanoni 25, kungiyoyin muhalli uku da mutane 17.

A ranar 6 ga watan Agusta, 2021, an dakatar da membobin Exxon Mobil Corporation a Majalisar Shugabancin Yanayi.

## Manazarta