Cibiyoyin catapult

**Cibiyoyin Catapult** ƙungiya ce ta ƙungiyoyi tara da Innovate UK, wata hukuma ta gwamnatin Burtaniya, ta kafa, don haɓaka bincike da ci gaba (R&D) da kuma amfani da damar kasuwa.   

Cibiyoyin Catapult suna haɓaka bincike da ƙirƙira ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa tsakanin masana kimiyya, malamai, injiniyoyi, 'yan kasuwa, shugabannin masana'antu da Gwamnati. Suna karɓar tallafi daga asusun gwamnati amma ana kuma sa ran za su nemi tallafin kasuwanci. An kafa cibiyoyin farko a shekarar 2011.

## Tarihi
A shekarar 2010, Ma'aikatar Kasuwanci, Ƙirƙira da Ƙwarewa a ƙarƙashin Peter Mandelson (wanda daga baya aka kafa shi zuwa Ma'aikatar Kasuwanci, Makamashi da Dabaru na Masana'antu sannan aka haɗa shi zuwa Ma'aikatar Kimiyya, Ƙirƙira da Fasaha ta yanzu) ta ba da umarnin bayar da rahoto kan ƙirƙirar fasaha daga Hermann Hauser, wani ɗan kasuwa wanda ya kasance mai himma a fasahar sadarwa tun 1978. Rahoton ya ba da shawarar kafa wasu Cibiyoyin Fasaha da Ƙirƙira don taimakawa wajen cike gibin da ke tsakanin bincike na asali da kasuwanci.   Daga baya Gwamnatin Burtaniya ta ba da kuɗaɗen Innovate UK (a lokacin Hukumar Dabaru na Fasaha kuma yanzu wani ɓangare ne na Bincike da Ƙirƙira na Burtaniya ) don kafa abin da aka sani da Catapult Network, inda ta kafa jimillar cibiyoyi tara tsakanin 2011 da 2018.

An amince da Catapults a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka karɓi tallafin kuɗi daga Innovate UK, wanda aka amince da shi na tsawon shekaru biyar, tare da raba kuɗaɗen tallafi na dogon lokaci ta hanyar tsarin "uku", don tabbatar da tsaka tsaki da 'yancin kai. An ba da shawarar tsarin na uku don rage dogaro da Catapults ga kowane ɓangare na yanayin kirkire-kirkire, tare da burin da aka sanya cewa kashi ɗaya bisa uku na kuɗaɗen tallafi ya fito ne daga kuɗaɗen tallafi na asali, kashi ɗaya bisa uku kuma ya fito ne daga kuɗaɗen kasuwanci, kuma kashi ɗaya bisa uku ya fito ne daga haɗin gwiwa (na gwamnati da na masu zaman kansu) na bincike da haɓaka. 

## Cibiyoyin

Cibiyoyin suna aiki a matsayin kamfanoni tara masu zaman kansu, masu zaman kansu, marasa riba, waɗanda aka haɗa su ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa, ayyukan haɗin gwiwa. Gabaɗaya, ana kiransu da hanyar sadarwa ta Catapult. 

* Katapult na Maganin Kwayoyin Halitta da Kwayoyin Halitta - An kafa shi a watan Oktoba na 2012, hedikwatarsa a Asibitin Guy, London da kuma wurare masu zuwa ciki har da Stevenage, Braintree da Edinburgh.
* Katalogin Wurare Masu Haɗaka - An kafa shi a watan Afrilun 2019 sakamakon haɗakar Tsarin Sufuri da Katalogin Birane Masu Zuwa, waɗanda ke London, Milton Keynes, da Birmingham. 
* Katapult na Aikace-aikacen Semiconductor Compound - An kafa shi a shekarar 2016  a Newport, South Wales da kuma a wurare masu zuwa ciki har da Durham, Bristol da Glasgow.
* Katangar Dijital - An kafa ta a watan Yunin 2013 a King's Cross, London da kuma a wurare masu zuwa ciki har da North East Tees Valley, Bristol da Belfast.
* Katalogin Tsarin Makamashi  - An kafa shi a watan Afrilun 2015, hedikwatarsa a Birmingham . 
* Katapult Mai Inganci - An kafa shi a watan Oktoba na 2011; cibiyoyin fasahar masana'antu guda shida da kirkire-kirkire: 
** Cibiyar Binciken Masana'antu Mai Ci Gaba (AMRC) - a wurin Jami'ar Sheffield da ke Rotherham, Kudancin Yorkshire.
** Cibiyar Kirkire-kirkire kan Tsari (CPI) – wurare ne da aka fi bazuwa a yankin Arewa maso Gabas kuma hedikwatansu a Wilton, Arewacin Yorkshire.
** Cibiyar Haɗakar Ƙasa (NCC) - hedikwatarta a Bristol .
** Cibiyar Masana'antu ta Ƙasa ta Scotland (NMIS) - hedikwata a Glasgow .
** Cibiyar Fasahar Masana'antu (MTC) - hedikwata a Coventry, West Midlands.
** Rukunin Masana'antu na Warwick (WMG) - hedikwata a Jami'ar Warwick, West Midlands.
** Cibiya ta bakwai, Cibiyar Binciken Masana'antu ta Nukiliya (NAMRC),  ta rufe a shekarar 2024 ko 2025; an mayar da wasu ma'aikata zuwa Jami'ar Sheffield 
* Katangar Gano Magunguna - An kafa ta a watan Disamba na 2015, hedikwatarta a Alderley Park, Cheshire tare da wani wuri a Manchester ; ta mamaye tsohon Katangar Magungunan Precision a shekarar 2017. 
* Katangar Makamashi Mai Sabuntawa ta Ƙasashen Waje - An kafa ta a watan Maris na 2013; tana mai da hankali kan ƙarfin iska, raƙuman ruwa da kuma raƙuman ruwa, a Glasgow, Blyth, Northumberland, Levenmouth, Grimsby, Pembroke Docks da sauran wurare daban-daban na bakin teku a faɗin Burtaniya. 
* Tashar Aikace-aikacen Tauraron Dan Adam - An kafa ta a watan Disamba na 2012 a Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire sannan daga baya a wasu wurare ciki har da Westcott (Buckinghamshire), Durham, Leicester, Portsmouth da Cornwall .

## Kujerun Sadarwa
Kamfanin Catapult Network yana naɗa Shugaban Cibiyar sadarwa kowace shekara, wanda aka zaɓa daga ɗaya daga cikin manyan shugabannin Catapult. Aikin Shugaban shine wakiltar aikin haɗin gwiwa na cibiyoyin Catapult guda tara.

Kujerun da aka yi kwanan nan sun haɗa da:

* Katherine Bennett, Shugabar Kamfanin Katapult Mai Darajar Kasuwanci, a shekarar 2023. 
* Matthew Durdy, Babban Jami'in Kula da Kwayoyin Halitta da Kwayoyin Halitta, a shekarar 2022.  
* Dr Jeremy Silver, Shugaba na Digital Catapult, a shekarar 2021.  
* Andrew Jamieson, Shugaba na Kamfanin Offshore Renewable Energy Catapult, a shekarar 2020.

## Sharhi masu zaman kansu
Cibiyar Catapult Network ta fuskanci bita, tambayoyi da rahotanni daban-daban masu zaman kansu tun lokacin da aka kafa ta. Waɗannan sun haɗa da waɗannan:

A watan Nuwamba na 2017, Ernst &amp;amp; Young ya buga wani rahoto da Ma'aikatar Kasuwanci, Makamashi da Dabaru na Masana'antu ta wancan lokacin ta ba da umarni, bayan kammala zagayen farko na shekaru biyar na tallafin kuɗi na cibiyoyin farko da aka kafa. Wannan rahoton ya gabatar da jerin shawarwari don ƙarfafa aikin Catapult da ci gaba. 

A watan Fabrairun 2021, Kwamitin Kimiyya da Fasaha (House of Lords) ya buga wani rahoto bayan bincikensu, Catapults: cike gibin da ke tsakanin bincike da masana'antu. Rahoton ya bayyana cewa *Catapult Network muhimmin bangare ne na tsarin kirkire-kirkire na Burtaniya, kuma taswirar R&D ta yi hasashen muhimmiyar rawa ga Catapults wajen jawo hankalin karuwar jarin bincike da ci gaban kamfanoni masu zaman kansu.* Kuma sun gabatar da jerin shawarwari don kirkirar Burtaniya, UKRI da kuma Sashen Kasuwanci, Makamashi da Dabaru na Masana'antu na wancan lokacin don rage shingen da ke hana tasirin Catapult da kuma inganta karfin Catapults na haifar da jarin masu zaman kansu. 

A watan Afrilun 2021, Ma'aikatar Kasuwanci, Makamashi da Dabaru na Masana'antu ta wancan lokacin ta buga wani Sharhi na Katapults, wanda ya tabbatar da cewa Katapults suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin yanayin bincike da ci gaban kasa da kuma samar da shawarwari guda 13 wadanda suka fi ba da fifiko ga hadin gwiwa tsakanin Katapults da kuma kara musu rawa wajen samar da daidaito, bambancin ra'ayi da hada kai da kuma kwarewa. An sabunta wannan Sharhi a watan Satumba na 2023 domin nuna ci gaban da aka samu idan aka kwatanta da shawarwarin farko. 

A watan Mayu na 2023, Cibiyar Bincike ta Kasuwanci da Ƙungiyar Innovation (wanda Innovate UK ta jagoranta) ta fitar da rahotanni biyu - Kimanta tasirin aikin kasuwanci na matsakaicin lokaci na hulɗa da Kamfanonin Catapults da Kamfanonin Catapult zuwa Tsarin Innovation: Binciken Zubewar Ilimi na Gida daga Cibiyoyin Catapult - bisa ga bincike kan tasirin Catapults. Sun yi bincike kan kamfanoni sama da 300 waɗanda suka taɓa yin aiki tare da Catapults kuma sun yi jerin bincike waɗanda suka nuna rawar da Catapults ke takawa wajen taimakawa wajen haɓaka ci gaban kasuwanci a Burtaniya.

## Tallafin Kuɗi
A watan Agusta na 2018, Gwamnati ta sanar da samar da jimillar kuɗi fam miliyan 780 don samar da wasu daga cikin cibiyoyin,  a cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa. 

A watan Nuwamba na 2022, a lokacin Sanarwar Kaka, Gwamnati ta sanar da ƙarin kashi 35% na kuɗaɗen da za a bai wa Katapults guda tara, idan aka kwatanta da zagayen kuɗaɗen da aka yi na shekaru 5 da suka gabata, wanda ya kai jimillar jarin fam biliyan 1.6. 

## Manazarta