David E. Shaw

**David Elliot Shaw** (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Maris, 1951) masanin kimiyya ne na Amurka kuma tsohon manajan asusun hedge . Ya kafa DE Shaw &amp;amp; Co., wani kamfanin asusun hedge wanda mujallar *Fortune* ta taɓa siffanta shi a matsayin "ƙarfin da ya fi ban sha'awa da ban mamaki a Wall Street".   Shaw, tsohon mataimakin farfesa a sashen kimiyyar kwamfuta a Jami'ar Columbia, ya yi wa dukiyarsa amfani da rashin inganci a kasuwannin kuɗi tare da taimakon hanyoyin sadarwa na zamani na kwamfuta. A shekarar 1996, mujallar *Fortune* ta kira shi "King Quant" saboda rawar da kamfaninsa ya taka a harkar ciniki mai sauri. A shekarar 2001, Shaw ya koma binciken kimiyya na cikakken lokaci a fannin ilmin sinadarai na kwamfuta, musamman kwaikwayon ƙwayoyin halitta na sunadarai. 

## Rayuwar farko
Shaw ya girma a Los Angeles, California.  Mahaifinsa masanin kimiyyar lissafi ne wanda ya ƙware a fannin jini da kwararar ruwa, kuma mahaifiyarsa mai fasaha ce kuma mai ilimi. Sun rabu lokacin da yake ɗan shekara 12. Mahaifinsa na uba, Irving Pfeffer, farfesa ne a fannin kuɗi a Jami'ar California, Los Angeles, kuma marubucin takardu da ke goyon bayan ingantaccen hasashen kasuwa .

Shaw ya sami digirin farko na *summa cum laude* daga Jami'ar California, San Diego, digiri na biyu a fannin lissafi & kimiyyar lissafi da ilimin bayanai. Ya ci gaba da samun digiri na biyu, sannan digiri na uku daga Jami'ar Stanford a 1980, sannan ya zama mataimakin farfesa a sashen kimiyyar kwamfuta a Jami'ar Columbia .   A lokacin da yake Columbia, Shaw ya gudanar da bincike kan kwamfuta mai layi daya da babban kwamfuta mai suna NON-VON. Wannan babbar kwamfuta ta ƙunshi abubuwan sarrafawa a cikin tsarin itace da aka yi niyya don amfani da su don binciken bayanai cikin sauri. A farkon aikinsa, ya kafa Kamfanin Stanford Systems Corporation.

## Sana'ar saka hannun jari
A shekarar 1986, ya shiga Morgan Stanley, a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Fasaha a ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta Nunzio Tartaglia mai sarrafa kanta. A shekarar 1994, Shugaba Clinton ya naɗa Shaw a Majalisar Masu Ba da Shawara kan Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Shugaban Ƙasa, inda ya zama shugaban Kwamitin Fasaha ta Ilimi. A shekarar 2000, an zaɓe shi a kwamitin gudanarwa na Ƙungiyar Ci Gaban Kimiyya ta Amurka ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'ajin ta daga 2000 zuwa 2010. A shekarar 2007, an zaɓe Shaw a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka . A shekarar 2009, Shugaba Obama ya sake naɗa shi a Majalisar Masu Ba da Shawara kan Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Shugaban Ƙasa .  A shekarar 2012, an zaɓe shi a Kwalejin Injiniya ta Ƙasa kuma a shekarar 2014 an zaɓe shi a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Ƙasa .

### DE Shaw
A shekarar 1988 ya fara asusun ajiyarsa na hedge, DE Shaw & Co, wanda ke amfani da algorithms na mallakar kamfanoni don cinikin tsaro. A shekarar 2018, Forbes ta kiyasta cewa dukiyarsa ta kai dala biliyan 6.2. Haka kuma babban jami'in bincike ne a Cibiyar Nazarin Halittu da Kimiyyar Halittu ta Kwamfuta a Jami'ar Columbia, kuma farfesa ne na ilimin kimiyyar halittu a makarantar likitanci ta Columbia. Shaw babban masanin kimiyya ne na DE Shaw Research, wanda ke gudanar da bincike tsakanin fannoni daban-daban a fannin ilmin sunadarai na kwamfuta.

A cewar rahoton mujallar Alpha ta Institutional Investor's a shekarar 2014, DE Shaw, wanda ya sami dala miliyan 530 a shekarar 2014, da James H. Simons na Renaissance Technologies  waɗanda suka sami dala biliyan 1.2 suna cikin manyan masu samun kuɗi 25 a masana'antar asusun hedge. Dukansu "masu dabarun ƙididdigewa ne waɗanda suka kafa kamfanonin da ke gina algorithms don ciniki."

## Gudummawar siyasa da ta agaji
Shaw ya bayar da gudummawar dala miliyan 2.25 ga Priority USA Action, wata babbar kungiyar PAC mai goyon bayan 'yar takarar shugabancin jam'iyyar Democrat Hillary Clinton  da kuma dala miliyan 1 ga kungiyar Organizing for Action . 

Ta hanyar Asusun Tallafawa Iyali na Shaw, nan da shekarar 2014 shi da matarsa sun bayar da gudummawar dala 400,000 ga Synagogue na Stephen Wise Free, da dala 400,000 ga Cibiyar Ciwon daji ta Memorial Sloan Kettering, da kuma dala 800,000 ga Makarantar Horace Mann . 

Daga 2011 zuwa 2017, Asusun ya bayar da gudummawar dala miliyan 1 ga Jami'ar Yale, Jami'ar Stanford, Jami'ar Harvard, Jami'ar Princeton, da kuma dala 500,000 ga Jami'ar Columbia da Jami'ar Brown .  Gudummawar da aka bayar a kwalejin ta wakilci sama da kashi 60% na ayyukan agaji na Asusun, wanda jimillarsu ya kai dala miliyan 37.3.  Gudummawar ta kuma yi daidai da lokacin da 'ya'yan Shaw uku za su fara neman shiga jami'a, tun daga shekarar 2014. An karɓe biyu daga cikin 'ya'yan Shaw zuwa Yale.

Shaw yana cikin kwamitin gudanarwa na Ƙungiyar Ci Gaban Kimiyya ta Amurka . 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Shaw ya auri mai sharhi kan harkokin kuɗi kuma 'yar jarida Beth Kobliner a shekarar 1993.    Shaw Bayahudiya ce  kuma shi da matarsa membobin majami'ar Stephen Wise Free da ke New York.  'Yarsu ita ce Rebecca Shaw, tsohuwar ɗaliba a Yale kuma tsohuwar marubuciyar *Tonight Show* wacce ta haɗa kai wajen ƙirƙirar jerin fina-finan FX *Adults* tare da mijinta, surukin Shaws, Ben Kronengold. Ɗan tsohon mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kuɗi na Amurka kuma marubucin *[[Time (magazine)|Time]]* Adam Shaw ne.   A shekarar 2014, Shaw ya sayi gidaje da dama a Westchester County, New York kuma ya haɗa su da wani babban gida wanda ya sami kulawar manema labarai.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin masana kimiyyar kwamfuta
* Sinadarin kwamfuta

## Manazarta