Ferrari 488 GTB

**Ferrari 488** (Nau'in F142M) motar wasanni ce ta tsakiyar injin da kamfanin kera motoci na Italiya Ferrari ya kera. Motar ta maye gurbin 458, kasancewa farkon tsakiyar injin Ferrari don amfani da turbocharged V8 tun F40 . Ferrari F8 ne ya gaje shi.

Motar tana da injin V8 mai nauyin lita 3.9 mai ƙarfi, ƙarami a wurin ƙaura amma yana samar da mafi girman ƙarfin wutar lantarki fiye da injin 458 na zahiri . An ba wa 488 GTB suna "The Supercar of the Year 2015" ta mujallar mota *Top Gear*, da kuma zama *Motar Trend*  s 2017 "Motar Direba Mafi Kyau".  Jeremy Clarkson ya sanar da 488 Pista a matsayin 2019 Supercar na Shekara. 

## Ƙayyadaddun bayanai

### Injin
488 GTB yana aiki da 3,902 cc (3.9 L; 238.1 ku a) (488 cc kowace silinda, don haka sunan) duk- aluminum busassun sump na rukunin injin Ferrari F154 V8 .  Turbocharged tare da nau'ikan turbochargers guda biyu masu ɗaukar ball masu ɗaukar tagwayen gungurawa wanda IHI / Honeywell ke bayarwa da injin iska zuwa iska guda biyu, ƙafafun injin injin ɗin ana yin su ne da ƙarancin ƙarancin TiAl gami da galibi ana amfani da su a cikin injunan jet don rage rashin ƙarfi da tsayayya da yanayin zafi a cikin turbocharger. Injin yana samar da wutar lantarki  da 8,000&nbsp;rpm da  na karfin juyi a 3,000&nbsp;rpm.  Wannan yana haifar da takamaiman fitarwar wutar lantarki na  kowace lita da takamaiman fitowar karfin juyi na  kowace lita, duka rikodin don motar Ferrari.

### Watsawa
Iyakar abin da ake samu don 488 shine Akwatin gear guda biyu mai sauri na 7 da aka kera don Ferrari ta Getrag, dangane da akwatin gear da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin 458. 

### Gudanarwa
Ana amfani da ingantattun birki na carbon-ceramic akan 488, wanda aka samo daga fasahar da aka yi amfani da su a cikin LaFerrari, an gina su tare da sababbin kayan da ke rage lokacin da ake buƙata don cimma mafi kyawun zafin jiki na aiki. Girman diski shine 398&nbsp;mm a gaba, kuma 360&nbsp;mm a baki. An bayar da rahoton cewa waɗannan ci gaban sun rage nisan tsayawa da kashi 9% akan 458. 

An ƙera sabuwar dabarar gami mai magana guda biyar don 488, tana auna  gaba da baya bi da bi. Tayoyin gaba suna auna 245/35 kuma tayoyin baya 305/30. 

### Ayyukan aiki
Ayyukan masana'anta da aka da'awar don 488 GTB shine  a cikin 3.0&nbsp;dakika,  a cikin 8.3&nbsp;dakikoki, rufe kwata mil a cikin dakika 10.45 kuma babban gudun shine  . 

## Zane

An tsara jikin 488 don ƙara ƙarfin ƙasa da kashi 50% akan 458 yayin da ake rage ja da iska .  Wani sabon mai raba gaba biyu na gaba yana aiki guda biyu: haɓaka sanyaya radiator ta hanyar tilasta iska a cikin su da kuma watsa iska akan janareta na vortex na ƙarƙashin jiki don ƙirƙirar tasirin ƙasa ba tare da ƙara ja da ba'a so ba. Sabuwar ɓarna na baya da aka ƙera (ainihin maɗaukaki mai ramin rami) wanda aka haɗe shi a cikin bene na baya kuma yana ƙara ƙarfi ba tare da buƙatar reshe mai ɗagawa ba.  Tsakanin "Aero Pillar" yana jujjuya iska a ƙarƙashin lebur ɗin motar yayin da filaye guda biyu a cikin bonnet suna ba da hanyar fita don iska daga abubuwan da ake amfani da su na gaba biyu na gaba, yana ƙara rage karfin iska a gaban motar. 

Ƙarƙashin janareta na vortex na aiki don rage yawan iska a ƙarƙashin mota ta haka yana ƙaruwa gaba ɗaya. Babban diffuser na baya yana aiki don haɓaka saurin iskar da ke fitowa daga ƙarƙashin ƙasa don ƙara ƙarancin iska, tare da haɗin gwiwar motsin motsi mai ƙarfi wanda duka ke rage ja da haɓaka ƙasa kamar yadda microprocessor ke sarrafawa.  Girman girman mai watsawa sama da 458 da suka gabata yana buƙatar tagwayen shaye-shaye na 488 da za a sanya su mafi girma a cikin bumper na baya don sharewa. 

Abubuwan shan iska na gefen scalloped suna girmamawa ga waɗanda aka samo akan 308 GTB,  kuma an raba su ta tsakiya. Iskar da ke shiga saman abin da ake amfani da ita an karkatar da shi a cikin abin da ake amfani da shi na turbocharger compressor, yayin da sauran kuma ana bi da su ta bayan motar da kuma fita tare da fitilun baya, yana ƙara matsa lamba a bayan motar don rage ja da iska. Gudun iskar da ke shiga ƙananan abubuwan sha ana karkata zuwa ga masu sanyaya sanyi don kwantar da cajin ci.  Hatta hannayen ƙofa—wanda aka yiwa lakabi da “shark fins”—ana siffata ta hanyar da ke inganta kwararar iska ta hanyar tsaftacewa da zuga iska cikin manyan abubuwan da ke sama da ƙafafun baya. 

Flavio Manzoni ne ya tsara Ferrari 488 kuma ya sami lambar yabo ta Red Dot "Mafi Mafi Kyau" don Ƙirƙirar Samfur a cikin 2016. 

## Bambance-bambance

### 488 gizogizo
 
Ferrari 488 Spider babban bambance-bambancen kujeru biyu ne na 488 tare da nadawa hardtop, kama da wanda ya gabace shi. Ferrari ya fito da hotunan Spider 488 a ƙarshen Yuli 2015,  da motar da aka yi muhawara a Nunin Mota na Frankfurt a cikin Satumba 2015. 

Jirgin tuƙi na Spider iri ɗaya ne na 488 GTB, gami da 670&nbsp;PS 3.9-lita twin-turbocharged V8. Spider 488 shine kawai  ya fi ɗan'uwansa nauyi, kuma  ya fi sauƙi fiye da 458 Spider. Hanzarta daga  baya canzawa a 3.0&nbsp;seconds, yayin da  hanzari yana ɗaukar ɗan lokaci kaɗan a 8.7&nbsp;dakikoki, kuma babban gudun shima ya dan ragu kadan a  . 

### 488 Pista
 
A kan 6 Maris 2018, Ferrari ya bayyana 488 Pista (waƙa a Italiyanci) a Geneva Motor Show . 488 GTE da 488 Kalubale bambance-bambancen tsere sun yi tasiri akan ƙirar Pista. Motar ta sami gyare-gyare na inji da na waje da yawa don sa ta fi ƙarfin 488 GTB.

Injin V8 mai girman lita 3.9-turbocharged yanzu yana samar da wutar lantarki  a 8,000 rpm da  na juzu'i a 3,000 rpm saboda amfani da sabbin camshafts, mafi girma intercooler, ƙarfafa pistons, igiyoyin haɗin titanium da manifolds ɗin sharar inconel a cikin injin da aka aro daga Kalubalen 488. Sabuntawa zuwa watsa mai-gudun dual-clutch mai-gudun 7 kuma yana ba da izinin canzawa a cikin millisecond 30 lokacin da direbobi suka shiga yanayin tsere.

Mafi kyawun sauye-sauye na waje na Pista suna a ƙarshen gaba. Iska ta ratsa ta ducts a gaban bompa na gaba kuma wanda ke jagorantar shi ta wata babbar huɗa a cikin kaho, wanda ke haifar da ƙarin ƙarfi a kan hanci a cikin sauri. Taimakawa haɓaka aikin gabaɗaya, an motsa ramukan shan iska daga gefuna zuwa ɓarna na baya don haɓaka tsaftataccen iska. Sauran canje-canjen na waje sun haɗa da masu rarrabawar jiki da na baya wanda aka raba tare da 488 GTE. Gabaɗaya, motar tana haifar da 20% ƙarin ƙarfi fiye da 488 GTB. Motar kuma ta haɗa da tsarin kula da kusurwar gefe-slip yana da E-Diff3, F-Trac da dakatarwar magnetorheological don inganta sarrafawa a cikin sauri mai girma.

A ciki, ana amfani da fiber carbon da Alcantara a ko'ina don rage nauyi. Gabaɗaya, motar ita ce 200 lb (91 kg) ya fi nauyi fiye da 488 GTB saboda amfani da fiber carbon akan kaho, bumpers, da na baya. Zabin 20-inch carbon fiber wheels samuwa ga Pista, wanda masana'antun Australiya Carbon Revolution suka yi, sun rage nauyin dabaran da kashi 40%. 

Waɗannan gyare-gyare suna ba da damar Pista 488 don haɓaka daga 0–100 km/h (0-62 mph) a cikin daƙiƙa 2.85, 0–200 km/h (0-124 mph) a cikin daƙiƙa 7.6 kuma ba motar matsakaicin matsakaicin gudun 340 km/h (211 mph), bisa ga masana'anta.