open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Peter II (kat)

Peter II (c. October 1946 - 21 Yuni 1947) ya kasance cat wanda aka yi aiki a matsayin babban mai kula da Ofishin Ma'aikatar daga 1946 zuwa 1947, a lokacin firaministan Clement Attlee . Ya kasance ɗan ƙarami mai watanni biyu lokacin da aka nada shi a matsayin. Peter ya yi aiki kawai watanni shida; a farkon sa'o'i na 21 Yuni 1947 mota ta buge shi kusa da Cenotaph a Whitehall, kuma ya mutu jim kadan bayan haka. Peter III ne ya gaje shi.

## Rayuwa, aiki da mutuwa

An haifi Peter a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1946.  An nada shi babban mai kula da Ma'aikatar a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1946, lokacin da yake da watanni biyu, a lokacin shugabancin Clement Attlee. An nada shi wata daya bayan an kashe Peter a ranar 14 ga Nuwamba 1946 yana da shekaru 17 saboda ba shi da "kayan aiki" kuma ya "yi amfani da amfani".  

Yaron ɗan ya yi aiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci; a farkon s'o'i na 21 ga Yuni 1947, kusan watanni shida bayan nadinsa,  motar da "Mista R. B. Bisgood" ke tukawa ta buge Peter a Whitehall yayin da yake tafiya daga Ofishin Gida zuwa Cenotaph,   yana karɓar "raunin kai, kafada ta dama da kuma wutsiyar da aka yanke". Bayan haɗarin, wani ɗan sanda ya kawo Bitrus zuwa ƙofar ginin Ofishin Gida a 3:15 na safe, kuma an kira Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) minti biyar bayan haka; wakilin su ya isa wurin a 3:35 na safe. An "sa Peter barci" a kan shawarar mai kula da RSPCA, tare da Bisgood ya biya 2s don aikin. Da yake magana a cikin 2017, Chris Day, shugaban Modern Domestic Records a National Archives, ya ce Peter "ba shi da irin wannan aikin da kakanninsa suka yi";  a cikin 2022 mujallar Burtaniya *Tatler* ta bayyana cewa "[idan ya rayu fiye da haka, babu shakka aikinsa zai kasance daidai da haka". [h] A ranar 27 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1947 Peter III ya gaje shi, wanda zai yi aiki a matsayin babban mai kula da ita sama da shekaru 16.  &nbsp;&nbsp;

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin cats

## Manazarta
Eva-Lena Lundgren

**Eva-Lena Lundgren** (an Haife shi 1961)   kuma mai taken kyakkyawa wacce ta sami sarautar Miss Sweden 1981.Daga baya a cikin 1981 ta gama a matsayi na uku a Miss Universe 1981 pageant da matsayi na hudu a Miss Europe. Lundgren ta sami kyautar kambin Miss Scandinavia a wannan shekarar a Helsinki, Finland.

Daga baya ta zama Eva-Lena Pilotti. Tun daga 2007, ta kasance malama Montessori Latin da kuma Girkanci a Amsterdam, Netherlands, kuma tana da yara uku.

## Manazarta
Peter III (kat)

Peter III (kimanin 1947 - 9 ga Maris 1964) kyanwa ce wadda ta yi aiki a matsayin babban mai kula da ofishin majalisar ministoci daga 1947 zuwa 1964. Shi ne magajin Peter II, wanda ya mutu bayan da mota ta buge shi a Whitehall. Ya yi aiki a ƙarƙashin firayim minista biyar: Clement Attlee, Winston Churchill, Anthony Eden, Harold Macmillan, da Alec Douglas-Home. An kashe shi bayan ya kamu da cutar hanta, yana da shekaru 16, kuma Peta, wata kyanwa daga Manx ta gaje shi. An binne shi a Ilford, Essex.

## Rayuwa da aiki
A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1958 an ruwaito cewa an kara alawus na rayuwar Peter saboda hauhawar farashi; wani mai magana da yawun Ofishin Cikin Gida ya ce "kowa ya gamsu da cewa yana yin aikinsa da kyau".[1] Koyaya, Peter bai sami karuwar albashi ba a 1962, a lokacin shugaban Exchequer Selwyn Lloyd's "Pay Pause".[2][3] A cikin 1960 Bitrus ya yi datti a kan ƙofar kusa da Cenotaph jim kadan kafin bikin Ranar Tunawa; wani ma'aikacin gwamnati ya zubar da shi kafin Sarauniya ta iso.[4] Bitrus ya bayyana a kan Katin Kirsimeti na Sakataren gida na 1958, kuma a cikin fitowar Oktoba 1962 na mujallar Women's Realm . [5][6] A duk rayuwarsa, Peter ya fito da yawa a kafofin watsa labarai, gami da talabijin da fim.[7] Da yake magana a cikin 2017, Chris Day, shugaban Modern Domestic Records a National Archives, ya kira Peter "babban tauraron farko na Whitehall".[8]

## Mutuwa da binnewa
An kashe Peter a ranar 9 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1964 bayan ya kamu da cutar hanci, yana da shekaru 16.  Kwanaki biyu bayan mutuwarsa Ronald Garvey, mataimakin gwamnan Isle of Man, ya ba Ofishin Gida cat na Manx;  a ranar 8 ga Mayu an maye gurbinsa da wannan cat, wanda ake kira Peta.  An gudanar da jana'izar Bitrus "tare da cikakken girmamawa" a ranar 13 ga Maris 1964 a makabartar dabbobi ta PDSA a Ilford, Essex, a wani fili na ƙasar da aka "tsare wa Bitrus shekaru da yawa". Nan da nan an riga an gabatar da shi ta hanyar tafiya ciki har da jaki, mata biyu daga ma'aikatan Ofishin Gida da 'yan jarida da masu daukar hoto daban-daban.   An binne shi a cikin akwatin gawa na itacen oak da aka yi da tagulla, wanda aka sanya nasgay na daffodils da Anemone, tare da katin da ke karantawa "Ga Bitrus, daga mai son dabba";  an saukar da wannan cikin kabari daga "bargo motar da aka rufe da purple".   A jana'izar, Amy Gough, ma'aikaciyar gwamnati, ta ce:

## Dubi kuma

## Manazarta
Dallas O'Neill

**Dallas John O'Neill** (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Maris 1943) ɗan ƙasar Australiya ne, tsohon ɗan wasan rugby Union, wanda ya wakilci Australia a wasanni biyu na Test. Ya kuma buga wasan rugby league a ƙungiyar South Sydney Rabbitohs.

O'Neill, wanda ya girma a Mackay, Queensland, ya yi karatu a Kwalejin St Joseph, Nudgee a matsayin ɗan ƙasar da ke zaune a kan iyaka. Ya fara bayyana a matsayin wakilin Queensland na farko yana da shekaru 19, makonni kaɗan bayan ya fara ajin farko a ƙungiyar Brothers. 

O'Neill, wanda yake lamba takwas, ya fara samun gogewa a ƙasashen waje a matsayin ɗan wasan tsaron gida na Wallabies a rangadin New Zealand na 1962, inda ya buga wasanni biyar ba tare da an buga masa wasa ba. An shirya zai samu damar buga wa tawagarsa ta farko a rangadin Afirka ta Kudu na shekara mai zuwa, amma dole ne ya janye daga ƙungiyar gwaji ta 1 saboda raunin da ya samu a kugu, wanda hakan ya sa ya rasa damar buga sauran wasannin.[1] Bayan dawowarsa New Zealand don rangadin 1964, O'Neill ya fara buga wa tawagarsa ta Test a Carisbrook kuma ya sake samun damar buga wa tawagar wasa ta biyu a Lancaster Park.[2]

O'Neill ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar ƙwallon rugby ta South Sydney a shekarar 1967, tare da abokin wasansa Bob Honan na Wallabies. Sauya lambarsa bai yi nasara kamar ta Honan ba, saboda ƙarancin damar da ya samu a aji na farko. Ya samu matsala sakamakon raunin da ya samu a jijiyar cruciate a farkon kakarsa kuma ya shafe mafi yawan lokacinsa a matakin reserve. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin 'yan wasan ƙungiyar ƙwallon rugby ta ƙasa ta Australiya

## Manazarta
Ethel Sykes

**Ethel Sykes** ko **Ethel Rosalie Sykes** (30 Oktoba 1864 - 8 Maris 1945) malamar Burtaniya ce kuma marubuciya. Ta kula da dubban mata da ke aiki a Bankin Lloyds a lokacin yakin duniya na farko. An tsare ta lokacin da aka kori da yawa daga cikinsu yayin da sojoji suka dawo.

## Rayuwa
An haifi Sykes a Stoke . Iyayenta fasto ne na soja Rev. William Sykes (an haife shi a shekara ta 1829)  kuma matarsa Mary, 'yar Kyaftin Anthony Oliver Molesworth, na Royal Artillery, ta fito daga Robert Molesworth, Viscount Molesworth na 1.   Mahaifinta fasto ne na girmamawa ga Sarauniya Victoria. 'Yar uwarta Ella Sykes matafiyi ce kuma marubuciya,  kuma ɗan'uwansu tilo Percy Sykes ya zama birgediya, diflomasiyya kuma marubuciya. Mahaifinta, William shine ɗa na biyu ga Richard Sykes, na Edgeley House, Stockport, mai kamfanin Sykes Bleaching Company ; Percy Sykes ɗan'uwan Richard Sykes ne wanda ya kafa garuruwa a Amurka, kuma ɗan'uwan Sir Alan Sykes, Baronet na 1 wanda ya kasance ɗan majalisar dokoki na Knutsford, Cheshire .  

Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta Plymouth sannan ta yi makarantar kwana ta Royal School for Daughters of Officers of the Army in Bath. Daga nan ta shiga kwalejin mata ta Oxford da aka buɗe kwanan nan , Lady Margaret Hall, a shekarar 1881, ta tafi a shekarar 1884. 'Yar uwarta wacce take da irin wannan ilimin ta tafi a shekarar 1883.

Tana da isassun kuɗi da ba ta buƙatar yin aiki, amma a shekarar 1910 ta sami aikin koyarwa ga Mary Western a Kwalejin Queen Mary da aka sake wa suna kwanan nan a Lahore . Za ta ci gaba da zama a wurin har zuwa 1912. 

A shekarar 1915 ta buga *Littafin Karatu daga Tarihin Indiya don Maza da Mata* a cikin juzu'i biyu.  A shekarar 1917, Bankin Lloyds ya naɗa ta a matsayin "mai kula da mata". Wannan lokaci ne na canji yayin da ƙaramin adadin ma'aikata mata kafin yaƙi ya ƙaru a lokacin yaƙin yayin da mata 3,300 suka karɓi ayyukan da maza ke ɗauka a cikin rundunar sojoji. A ƙarshen yaƙin, lamarin ya sauya kuma ba za a sake ɗaukar mata a matsayin magatakarda ba. Zuwa shekarar 1920, akwai ma'aikata mata kimanin 1,500 kuma galibi suna yin rajista da bugawa.  Ta yi aikin agaji a asibitin St Mary Abbots kuma ta wakilci Lady Margaret Hall a Jami'ar Mata Club da ke Landan - inda mata za su iya samun "ƙungiyar maza". 

Sykes ta mutu a wani gidan kula da tsofaffi a Hurstpierpoint kuma ta bar wani babban tarihi ga 'yan'uwa mata a Cocin Oxford Mission da ke cikin abin da yanzu ake kira Bangladesh.

## Manazarta
Ted Postal

**Ted Postal** (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga Mayu 1991), wanda a da **Terterani Erasito** ne, tsohon ɗan wasan rugby ne na ƙasar Ostiraliya.

Postal ɗan asalin Queensland ne, ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Nudgee. An san shi da "Ted" tun yana yaro domin sunansa yana da wahalar furtawa kuma ya ɗauki sunan mahaifiyarsa na farko lokacin da iyayensa suka rabu. 

Postal, mai tsaron baya, ya shafe lokaci a Perth tare da Western Force kuma ya buga wasa sau ɗaya a Super 14, a wasan da suka yi da Bulls a filin wasa na Perth a lokacin yakin neman zabensu na 2010.[1] Ya wakilci 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 na Australiya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta matasa ta 2011 a Italiya.[2] Bayan ya buga wa RC Narbonne wasa a Faransa tsakanin 2013 da 2015, Postal ya koma Brisbane kuma ya fito a ƙungiyar da ta lashe gasar Premier ta Brothers ta 2016.[3]

## Manazarta
Bill Price (ɗan siyasa)

**William Norris James Price** (an haife shi a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1935) memba ne na Majalisar Dokokin Queensland.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Price a Brisbane, Queensland, ɗan John Benedict Price da matarsa Mary Helen Jessie Brodie (née Norris) [1] Ya yi karatu a St Finbarr's da ke Ashgrove, Kwalejin Marist Ashgrove da Kwalejin Nudgee kafin ya sami Takardar Shaidar Koyarwa a Kwalejin Malamai ta Kelvin Grove sannan ya halarci Jami'ar Queensland. Daga nan ya koyar a Darling Downs kafin ya tafi ƙasashen waje don koyarwa a Burtaniya, Turkiyya da Kanada. Bayan koyarwa, ya kafa kuma ya gudanar da wani kamfanin sufuri mai nasara (Priceways), ya kasance memba na Majalisar yankin, mai gidan abinci kuma mai tashar sabis. A shekarar 1954 ya yi hidimar ƙasa, yana aiki a sansanin RAAF da ke Amberley a Queensland.

A ranar 4 ga Yuli, 1964, Price ta auri Elizabeth Ann Bach kuma sun haifi 'ya'ya maza uku da mata biyu.

## Aikin jama'a
Price, memba na Jam'iyyar Labour, ya kayar da Angelo Bertoni  don lashe kujerar Mount Isa a Majalisar Dokokin Queensland a zaben jiha na 1983. Ya riƙe shi na tsawon shekaru uku kafin Peter Beard ya kayar da shi a zaɓen jiha na 1986. 

## Manazarta
William McGinnis

**William McGinnis** masanin kimiyyar kwayoyin halitta ne na Amurka wanda farfesa ne a fannin ilmin halitta a Jami'ar California San Diego . A UC San Diego ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Sashen Ilimin Halitta daga Yuli 1998 zuwa Yuni 1999, a matsayin Mataimakin Dean na Sashen Kimiyya na Halitta tun daga Yuli 1, 1999 zuwa Yuni 2000, kuma a matsayin Mataimaki Dean na sabon Sashen Kimiya na Halittu daga Yuli 1, 2000 zuwa Fabrairu 1, 2001. An nada McGinnis a matsayin Dean na Divisional Biological Sciences a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2013.

Ya sami Ph.D. daga UC Berkeley a 1982 kuma ya kasance Jane Coffin Childs postdoctoral fellow a Jami'ar Basel . Daga 1984 zuwa 1995, ya kasance a bangaren koyarwa na Jami'ar Yale. Ya sami lambar yabo ta Searle Scholar, lambar yabo ta Shugaban kasa Young Investigator, da kuma lambar yabo ta Dreyfuss Teacher / Scholar. An zabi McGinnis a Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka a shekarar 2010, da kuma Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa a shekarar 2019.

## Bincike
McGinnis yana nazarin canje-canjen juyin halitta a cikin Abubuwan fassarar ta hanyar kallon Kwayoyin halittar Hox. Babban bincikensa ya kasance a cikin *Drosophila*,  yana kwatanta kwayoyin halittar Hox a cikin wannan nau'in tare da kwayoyin halittun Hox a wasu nau'o'in, don ganin an kiyaye su (an kiyaye su ba tare da lalacewa ba) yayin juyin halitta. Ya kuma yi nazarin yadda Hox transcription ke sarrafa morphogenesis, da kuma yadda canje-canje a cikin Hox sunadarai, cofactors, da DNA manufofi ke shafar morphology. Ɗaya daga cikin manufa na dogon lokaci na binciken a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje shi ne fahimtar hulɗar kwayoyin da ke haifar da takamaiman aiki a cikin tsarin tsarin Hox.

McGinnis sananne ne saboda ganowar homeobox, tare da Michael S. Levine . Amma abin da ke da mahimmanci, don binciken cewa an samo kwayoyin halittar Hox (homeobox) a cikin dabbobi da dabbobi iri-iri, an kiyaye su, kuma an bayyana su a yankuna daban-daban na ƙwayoyin halittar jiki na ƙwayoyi, kuma cewa kwayoyin halittun Hox na dabbobi masu shayarwa na iya aiki a matsayin masu sarrafa ƙwayoyin halitta na baya-baya na ƙayyadaddun jiki, a cikin kwari da dabbobi masu shan ruwa. Wato, ayyukan kwayar halitta na Hox sun kasance iri ɗaya ne wajen sarrafa tsarin jikin jiki a cikin kwari da sauran dabbobi masu rikitarwa, kamar dabbobi masu shayarwa.

## Manazarta
Juliana Szczepanowska

**Juliana Hepzibeth Scott Szczepanowska de Ferranti** ( 1825 – 1906 )  mawakiyar piano ce kuma marubuciya 'yar Birtaniya.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haife ta Juliana Hepzibeth Scott, ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'ya biyar na William Scott, wani mai zane-zanen hoto na Liverpool, da Sally Myers. A shekara ta 1845, tana da shekaru ashirin, Juliana Scott ta auri Stanislaw Szczepanowski, wani mai kida na Poland wanda ya girme ta da shekaru goma sha biyu, bazawara, kuma ɗan leƙen asiri ne na Poland a ɓoye.

## Sana'a
Sun yi yawon shakatawa a Turai suna wasa tare kuma suna da 'ya'ya biyar, inda Juliana Szczepanowska ta haihu a birane huɗu daban-daban. Bayan mutuwar jaririnsu Vincent a 1852, Stanislaw Szczepanowski ya ɓace ba zato ba tsammani.  

Juliana Szczepanowska da 'ya'yanta sun koma Liverpool, inda ta tallafa wa kanta ta hanyar koyar da piano, yin waƙoƙin yabo, da kuma rubuta wa mujallu. Ta ba da gudummawa ga *Ladies' Companion* da Charles Dickens ' *Household Words* a ƙarƙashin sunan **Julie de Szczepanowska.  **

## Rayuwa ta sirri
A shekara ta 1854, ta haɗu da Giulio Cesare Ziani de Ferranti (ɗan mawaki Marco Aurelio Zani de Ferranti ), wani mai ɗaukar hoto daga Belgium wanda asalinsa ɗan Italiya ne da ke zaune a Liverpool. Sun yi soyayya, amma ba a iya raba aurenta bisa doka ba har sai a shekara ta 1859, bayan da Stanislaw Szczepanowski ya ɓace tsawon shekaru bakwai. Sakamakon haka, ɗansu na fari, Juliet, ba shi da aure bisa doka kuma an aika shi zuwa wani gidan sufi na Belgium bayan an haife ta a shekara ta 1858. Sun yi aure a shekara ta 1860 kuma sun haifi ɗa, injiniya kuma mai ƙirƙira Sebastian Ziani de Ferranti .  Stanislaw Szczepanowski daga ƙarshe ya sake bayyana, wanda ya sa Juliana de Ferranti ta zama mai son auren jinsi ɗaya . Bayan mutuwar Szczepanowski, Ferrantis sun sake yin aure a shekara ta 1881.  

## Manazarta
Keep Scotland Beautiful

Ƙungiyar **Keep Scotland Beautiful** wata ƙungiya ce ta agaji ta muhalli da ke Scotland, wadda ke da nufin "sanya Scotland wuri mai tsabta, kore da kuma ɗorewa don zama, aiki da ziyarta."  Ƙungiyar tana yin kamfen da ilmantarwa kan batutuwan muhalli daban-daban, ciki har da sauyin yanayi da rage shara.

## Tarihi
An kafa Keep Scotland Beautiful a matsayin wata ƙungiyar agaji mai zaman kanta ta Scotland a shekara ta 2000, inda ta haɗa shirye-shirye da dama na muhalli, ciki har da Waste Aware Scotland, Eco-Schools Scotland, People and Places Programme, Beach Awards da Beautiful Scotland.

Asalin ƙungiyar ya samo asali ne a shekarun 1960, inda aka gudanar da kamfen ɗin "Kyakkyawan Scotland a Bloom" wanda Hukumar Yawon Bude Ido ta Scotland da Cibiyar Kula da Mata ta Scotland suka shirya. Bayan haka, a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Keep Britain Tidy, abin da ta mayar da hankali a Scotland ya haɗa da wayar da kan matasa game da muhalli ta hanyar shirin Makarantun Eco-Schools. Tun lokacin da ta zama ƙungiyar agaji mai zaman kanta ta Scotland, ta ci gaba da yin kamfen kan batutuwan muhalli, ciki har da ingancin muhalli na gida da sauyin yanayi. 

## Tsarin lokaci

### Shekarun 2000

* 2000: An kafa kungiyar Keep Scotland Beautiful, wadda ta tattaro da dama daga cikin kamfen na kare muhalli, shirye-shirye da kyaututtuka.
* 2002: Ƙungiyar agaji ta ƙaddamar da "Have Some Pride", wani kamfen da aka yi niyya don rage shara ta hanyar ƙarfafa mutane su yi alfahari da yankinsu.
* 2003: Tsarin Binciken Muhalli na Gida da Gudanar da Ƙungiyar agaji (LEAMS) ya zama kayan aiki na ƙasa don auna inganci da tsaftar muhallin yankinsu. 
* 2004: Tare da gwamnatin Scotland da SEPA, Keep Scotland Beautiful ta ƙaddamar da kamfen ɗin tashi-tsallake na ƙasa mai taken Dumb Dumpers, wanda Richard Wilson ya yi wa murya.
* 2005: An ba tsohon babban jami'in gudanarwa John Summers lambar yabo ta OBE saboda ayyukan da ya yi wa muhalli. 
* 2008: Ci gaba da Scotland Beautiful ya ɗauki nauyin kula da Asusun Kalubalen Yanayi na gwamnatin Scotland, yana ba da kuɗi don ayyukan al'umma da ke ɗaukar mataki kan sauyin yanayi. 
* 2008: Ƙungiyar agaji ce ta ɗauki nauyin taron "Litter Summit" na farko a Scotland, wanda ƙungiyoyin agaji da membobin gwamnatin Scotland suka halarta. Ɗaya daga cikin sakamakon shine binciken tsarin dawo da kuɗi ga Scotland. 
* 2008: Tare da haɗin gwiwar Royal Horticultural Society, ƙungiyar agaji ta ƙaddamar da "It's Your Neighbourhood",  wani shiri na al'umma da nufin taimaka wa ƙungiyoyin lambu su inganta muhallinsu.

## Manazarta
Junior Pelesasa

**Junior Pelesasa** (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Oktoba, 1980 a New Zealand ) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙungiyar rugby ta Australiya wanda a halin yanzu yake bugawa Agen wasa. Yana wasa a matsayin cibiya.

## Sana'a
Pelesasa ya koma Ostiraliya daga New Zealand yana da shekaru 16. Ya wakilci 'yan makaranta na Australia, 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 na Australia da kuma Australia A. Ya shafe shekaru biyu yana wasa a ƙungiyar ƙwallon rugby ta Brisbane Broncos, daga baya ya bar ƙungiyar Rugby League ya koma Rugby Union yana bugawa ƙungiyar Queensland kafin a sanya shi cikin ƙungiyar Queensland Reds Super 12 inda ya buga wasanni 33 a gare su. A shekara ta 2006 ya koma sabuwar ƙungiyar Super Rugby da aka sani da Western Force. Ya buga wasanni 5 a sabuwar ƙungiyarsa a kakar wasa ta 2006, inda suka kare a gasar Super 14 ta 2006.

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Bayanin Rundunar Yamma
John McCallum (mai wasan kwaikwayo)

**John Neil McCallum** (14 Maris 1918 - 3 Fabrairu 2010) ya kasance ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Australiya kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, mai cin nasara sosai a Ƙasar Ingila. Ya kuma kasance mai shirya talabijin.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi McCallum a ranar 14 ga Maris 1918.  Mahaifinsa, John Neil McCallum Sr., ya kasance mai gidan wasan kwaikwayo kuma ɗan kasuwa, wanda ya gina kuma ya yi shekaru da yawa yana gudanar da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Cremorne mai kujeru 2,000 a bakin Brisbane_River" id="mwHQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Brisbane River">Kogin Brisbane. Bayan ya yi hijira daga Scotland, McCallum Snr. ya zama ƙwararren mawaƙi kuma nan da nan ya shiga cikin nishaɗin Brisbane. Mahaifiyarsa 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce mai ƙwarewa wacce aka haife ta a Ingila.

A cikin 1918, an haifi McCallum Jr. a Brisbane a lokacin bude dare na wasan kwaikwayo. Bayan haihuwarsa, wani aboki na iyali ya aika wa mahaifinsa waya: 'Godiya kan nasarori biyu'. 

McCallum ya fallasa yin wasan kwaikwayo tun yana ƙarami: ƙuruciyarsa ta cika da gamuwa a bayan fage a Cremorne tare da masu wasan kwaikwayo iri-iri waɗanda ke yawan zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo na mahaifinsa. Kodayake McCallum da 'yan uwansa biyu sun sami ilimin firamare a Burtaniya, iyalin sun koma Ostiraliya da zarar Babban Mawuyacin ya fara. Ya yi karatun sakandare a makarantar Anglican Church Grammar School a Brisbane . 

## Burtaniya
McCallum daga baya ya yi shekaru biyu a RADA a Landan a karkashin Kenneth Barnes da 'yan uwansa Violet da Irene Vanbrugh . Daga can ya shiga repertory a Tonbridge da Northampton .

A shekarar 1939 ya yi kakar wasa a Stratford-upon-Avon yana taka ƙananan rawa da kuma karatun ƙasa. &#x5B; ** &#x5D; Daga nan ya koma irin wannan matsayi a Old Vic a ƙarƙashin Harley Granville-Barker inda ya fito a cikin fim ɗin *[[King Lear]]* na tarihi na 1939 wanda ya ƙunshi Jack Hawkins tare da Peggy Ashcroft, Fay Compton da Cathleen Nesbitt

## man
Yunana Mai Fushi

**Jonah Placid** (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Mayu 1995) ɗan wasan rugby ne na ƙasar Australiya wanda a halin yanzu yake buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya ga Rebels a Super Rugby.  A cikin gida, yana bugawa Easts wasa a gasar Queensland Premier Rugby.

## Sana'a
An haife shi a New South Wales, amma ya girma a Rockhampton, Queensland, Placid ya fara shahara yana bugawa Easts Tigers wasa kuma ya taimaka musu lashe gasar Queensland Premier Rugby Championship ta 2013. Wannan ya sa aka sanya shi cikin ƙungiyar Queensland Reds don kakar wasan Super Rugby ta 2014. Duk da cewa wannan kwangilar haɓakawa ce kuma da alama ba za a ba shi lokacin wasa ba a lokacin kamfen ɗin, matsalar rauni ta sa ya fara buga Super Rugby a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Western Force a zagaye na biyu a ranar 5 ga Afrilu 2014. Ya fara buga wasa ne ba tare da daɗi ba yayin da ƙungiyarsa ta sha kashi da ci 32-29 kuma shi da kansa an maye gurbinsa da raunin ƙirji bayan wani mummunan karo da ya yi da mai tsaron baya na Force Jayden Hayward. A halin yanzu yana wasa a Wests Scarborough a gasar Premier ta RugbyWA.

## Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa
Placid ya taka rawar gani a gasar 'yan makaranta ta Australia a kakar wasa ta 2012 mai nasara. Wannan ya hada da taka rawa a nasarar da kungiyarsa ta samu a gida da New Zealand, karo na biyu da suka taba cin nasara a daya bangaren Tasman . A matsayin lada, an zabe shi a kungiyar ' yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Australia wadda ta fafata a gasar cin kofin duniya ta matasa ta IRB a Faransa a shekarar 2013. [1] [2]

## Manazarta
Ian McAllister (masanin kimiyyar siyasa)

**Ian McAllister** FASSA FRSE (an haife shi a ranar 2 ga Disamba 1950, Belfast, Ingila) shi ne Babban Farfesa na kimiyyar siyasa a Jami'ar Kasa ta Australia . Ya sami digirinsa na PhD a kimiyyar siyasa a 1976 daga Jami'ar Strathclyde . Shi babban kwararren masani ne na zabe tare da mai da hankali kan siyasar Australiya wanda ya haɗa da jagorantar Nazarin Zabe na Australiya, binciken kasa na ra'ayi na siyasa da aka gudanar bayan kowane zaben tarayya tun 1987 a Jami'ar Kasa ta Australiya. Shi babban malami ne a binciken binciken siyasa na mutum.

Ya kasance darektan Makarantar Bincike ta Kimiyya ta Jama'a ta ANU daga 1997 zuwa 2004. Ya taba rike kujeru a Jami'ar New South Wales da Jami'ar Manchester kuma ya rike wasu alkawuran ilimi a Jami'an Sarauniya ta Belfast da Jami'an Strathclyde .

Ya kasance Shugaban Ƙungiyar Siyasa ta Burtaniya daga 2001 zuwa 2002, ya shirya Jaridar Kimiyya ta Siyasa ta Australiya tun daga shekara ta 2004, kuma ya kasance shugaban Nazarin Nazarin Tsarin Zabe daga shekara ta 2003 zuwa 2008. Shi Farfesa ne mai daraja a Jami'ar Aberdeen, Fellow na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Jama'a a Ostiraliya kuma mai ba da rahoto na Royal Society na Edinburgh . 

## Rubuce-rubuce
*Mai jefa kuri'a na Australiya* (2011) ya damu da yadda talakawan Australiya ke jefa kuri'u. Musamman, yana nuna yadda mai jefa kuri'a na Australiya ya canza tun daga Shekaru 1960 lokacin da binciken ilimi na jefa kuri'u ya fara samuwa. Ya samo asali ne daga binciken 12 mafi yawa daga Nazarin Zabe na Australiya daga 1987 (dukkanin binciken 9), amma kuma aikin daga 1967 zuwa 1979 ya dogara ne akan Binciken Halin Siyasa na Australiya wanda Donald Aitkin, Michael Kahan da Donald Stokes suka gudanar (dukkan binciken 3). Yana kallon yanayin dogon lokaci sakamakon sauye-sauyen goyon bayan jam'iyya na cibiyoyin zabe, yanayin ganewa, tasirin fadada ilimi, matakan ilimin siyasa, rawar da kafofin watsa labarai ke takawa, asalin zamantakewa da yawan jama'a ciki har da jinsi, shekaru da tsara, addini, kabilanci da rarrabuwar birane da karkara, tasirin aji, imani na tattalin arziki, dabi'un zamantakewa da shugabancin siyasa a zaben.

Ian McAllister ya bincika Tasirin Yankin a cikin yanayin zaɓe na Burtaniya. A shekara ta 1992 ya gano tasirin yanki a cikin babban zaben Burtaniya ta hanyar sarrafa abubuwan da suka shafi zamantakewar al'umma da halaye na mazabar.

## manazarta
Latinitas Foundation

**Gidauniyar Latinitas** (Latin: Opus Fundatum Latinitas) ƙungiya ce da ta keɓe don haɓaka ilimin Latin da kuma buga labarai cikin yare. An kafa shi a ranar 30 ga Yuni 1976 ta Paparoma Paul VIkuma Cibiyar Fafaroma ta Latin (Pontificia Academia Latinitatis) ta maye gurbinsa da Paparoma Benedict XVI ya kafa a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba 2012.

## Manazarta
John McAtee

**John George McAtee** (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1999) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba na kungiyar Bolton Wanderers ta EFL League One .

Ya taba buga wa Shrewsbury Town wasa a baya inda ya fara aikinsa, yana karbar aro tare da Halesowen Town, AFC Telford United, Ashton United da Curzon Ashton. Ya shiga Scunthorpe United a shekarar 2019 inda ya kasance na tsawon shekaru biyu kafin ya shiga Grimsby Town a lokacin rani na 2021. McAtee ya kasance mai mahimmanci a cikin ci gaban Grimsby zuwa Kungiyar kwallon kafa a 2022, inda ya zira kwallaye da yawa a yakin neman zabe kafin ya sanya hannu a Luton a lokacin bazara.

## Ayyukan kulob din
McAtee ya fara fitowa a kungiyar farko ta Shrewsbury Town a gaban shekara ta biyu a matsayin malami, a wasan sada zumunci na farko a Stourbridge a watan Yulin 2016.  Ya fara buga gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila a matsayin mai maye gurbin Ryan Yates a minti na 84 a cikin asarar 2-0 a Oxford United a ranar karshe ta kakar 2016-17,  kuma daga baya ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar kwararru ta shekara guda, ya sanya shi a kulob din har zuwa lokacin rani na 2018. 

McAtee ya shiga Halesowen Town a kan rancen matasa na wata daya a ranar 30 ga Satumba 2017.  Daga baya aka tsawaita wannan har zuwa Kirsimeti 2017, tare da kocin "Yeltz" John Hill da ke da sha'awar sake fadada shi, duk da haka ya koma kulob din iyayensa, kafin a ba da rancensa ga kulob din AFC Telford United na Kungiyar Kudancin AFC Telfor United a watan Fabrairun 2018.

A ranar 4 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2018, McAtee ya shiga kungiyar Ashton United ta Arewacin Kungiyar ta Kasa kan yarjejeniyar aro ta wata daya. Bayan haka, a ranar 26 ga Satumba, an sake ba da rancen McAtee don sauran kakar, ya koma Telford. Koyaya, a ranar 21 ga Disamba, an ba da rancensa na wata ɗaya ga Curzon Ashton, kuma daga wannan ƙungiyar. Daga baya aka tsawaita yarjejeniyar don sauran kakar. Shrewsbury ne ya sake shi a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2019. 

## manazarta
Warwick Parer

**Warwick Raymond Parer**, AM (6 Afrilu 1936) 14 Maris 2014) ɗan siyasa ne ɗan ƙasar Ostiraliya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Sanata a Queensland daga 1984 zuwa 2000. Ya kasance memba na Jam'iyyar Liberal kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Albarkatu da Makamashi a gwamnatin Howard daga 1996 zuwa 1998.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Parer a Wau a yankin New Guinea da Ostiraliya ke iko da shi (wanda a yanzu ake kira Papua New Guinea).  Kawunsa Damien Parer mai ɗaukar hoto ne na yaƙi wanda Jafanawa suka kashe a 1944. Parer ya yi karatu a Kwalejin St. Joseph's Nudgee da ke Brisbane da kuma Jami'ar Melbourne, inda ya sami digiri na farko a fannin kasuwanci. 

## Siyasa
Parer ya zama memba na Majalisar Dattijai a shekarar 1985.[1] Bayan sanarwar sakamakon zaben Majalisar Dattijai na 1987, Parer na daya daga cikin sanatoci hudu waɗanda suka sami wa'adin shekaru shida a matsayin sakamakon abin da aka zaba don rarraba kujerun.[2]

Daga Maris 1996 zuwa Oktoba 1998, Parer ya kasance Ministan Albarkatu da Makamashi a gwamnatin John Howard. Ya yi ritaya daga Majalisar Dattawa a ranar 11 ga Fabrairu 2000,  kuma an naɗa George Brandis don cike gurbin da aka samu na wucin gadi.

Parer ya kasance shugaban Jam'iyyar Liberal ta Queensland daga 2006 zuwa Fabrairu 2008.

## Sauran ayyuka
Ya kasance shugaban kwamitin bitar makamashi mai zaman kansa na hadin gwiwar gwamnatocin Australiya kuma memba ne na Majalisar Gudanarwa ta Tsohon Majalisar Dokoki (Qld).

An naɗa shi memba na Order of Australia a shekara ta 2005. 

An kuma naɗa shi shugaban Gidauniyar Royal Brisbane da Asibitin Mata a shekarar 2010, kuma shugaban Hukumar Stanwell Corporation Limited a watan Mayu na 2012. 

## Mutuwa
Parer ya mutu a ranar Juma'a 14 ga Maris 2014, yana da shekaru 77.

## Manazarta
Marlon James (mai rubutun ra'ayi)

**Marlon James** (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba 1970 ) marubuci ne na Jamaica. Shi ne marubucin litattafai biyar: John Crow's Devil (2005), The Book of Night Women (2009), A Brief History of Seven Killings (2014), wanda ya ba shi lambar yabo ta 2015 Man Booker Prize, *[[Black Leopard, Red Wolf]]* (2019), da Moon Witch, Spider King (2022). Ya rubuta iyakantaccen jerin Get Millie Black .

Yanzu yana zaune a Minneapolis, Minnesota, James yana koyar da adabi a Kwalejin Macalester a Saint Paul, Minnesota .  Har ila yau, malami ne a Kwalejin St. Francis ta Low Residency MFA a rubuce-rubuce masu kirkiro.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi James a Jamaica" id="mwNw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kingston, Jamaica">Kingston, Jamaica, ga iyayen da ke cikin 'Yan sanda na Jamaica: mahaifiyarsa (wanda ya ba shi littafinsa na farko, tarin labaru na O. Henry) ya zama mai bincike kuma mahaifinsa (wanda James ya ƙaunaci Shakespeare da Coleridge) lauya ne. James ya halarci babbar makarantar sakandare ta Wolmer's Trust High School for Boys ta Kingston. Ya kammala karatu a shekarar 1991 a Jami'ar West Indies, inda ya karanta Harshe da Littattafai. Ya bar Jamaica don tserewa daga tashin hankali na adawa da luwadi da yanayin tattalin arziki wanda ya ji zai haifar da tsayawar aiki, daga baya ya bayyana cewa: "Ko yana cikin jirgin sama ko akwatin gawa, na san dole ne in fita daga Jamaica. " Ya sami digiri na biyu a rubuce-rubuce masu kirkiro daga Jami'ar Wilkes a Pennsylvania (2006).

## Ayyuka
Littafin James na farko, John Crow's Devil (2005) - wanda aka ƙi sau 70 kafin a karɓa don bugawa  - ya ba da labarin gwagwarmayar Littafi Mai-Tsarki a wani kauyen Jamaica mai nisa a shekara ta 1957.  Littafinsa na biyu, The Book of Night Women (2009), game da tawaye na wata mace bawa ne a wani shuka na Jamaica a farkon karni na 19. Littafinsa na 2014, A Brief History of Seven Killings, ya binciki shekaru da yawa na tarihin Jamaica da rashin kwanciyar hankali na siyasa ta hanyar hangen nesa na masu ba da labari da yawa. Ya lashe rukunin almara na 2015 OCM Bocas Prize for Caribbean Literature  da 2015 Man Booker Prize for Fiction, kasancewar shi ne littafi na farko da marubucin Jamaica ya taɓa kasancewa a cikin jerin sunayen.   Shi ne na biyu Caribbean wanda ya lashe kyautar, bayan Trinidad-an haife shi V. S. Naipaul wanda ya lashe a shekarar 1971. Ayyukan James na baya-bayan nan, Moon Witch, Spider King (2022) shine na biyu a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen fantasy wanda ya fara da *Black Leopard, Red Wolf* (2019). 

## manazarta
Sir John McTaggart, Baronet na farko

'''Sir John McTaggart, 1st baronet (15 Maris 1789 - 13 Agusta 1867) ya kasance dan majalisa na Whig na Scotland a Majalisar dokokin Burtaniya . An kirkiro shi baronet a 1841. Taken ya ƙare bayan mutuwarsa.

Ya wakilci Wigtown Burghs 1835-1857. 

McTaggart shi ne ɗan fari na John McTaggard na Ardwell (d. 1810), wanda ya gaji dukiyarsa. Ya yi aure, a cikin 1811, Susannah Kymer, 'yar fari ta John Kymer, ta Streatham, Surrey .  Ruwa da 'ya'ya uku: 

Yar'uwarsa, Susan McTaggart, ta auri Thomas Flower Ellis .  Kuma jikan su, masanin falsafa John McTaggart Ellis McTaggard an (sau biyu) sanya masa suna bayan Sir John McT aggart . 

## Manazarta
Reesjan Pasitoa

**Reesjan Pasitoa** (an haife shi a ranar 3 ga Disamba 2001) ƙwararren ɗan wasan rugby ne na Australiya. A halin yanzu yana wasa a Highlanders a Super Rugby, bayan ya taɓa bugawa Brumbies  da Western Force. Matsayinsa na yau da kullun shine fly-half. 

## Rayuwa ta farko da ƙaramar rugby
An haife shi  kuma ya girma a Perth, Yammacin Ostiraliya,  Reesjan Pasitoa ya buga wasansa na ƙaramin rugby tare da Perth-Bayswater Rugby Club da Trinity College, East Perth.  An haifi mahaifin Pasitoa a Niue a cikin Pacific, yayin da mahaifiyarsa ta fito daga Jamus. Ya koma Queensland a 2017 don halartar Kwalejin St Joseph, Nudgee bisa tallafin karatu na rugby a cikin shekaru uku na ƙarshe na makarantarsa.  Pasitoa ya jagoranci Nudgee zuwa gasar farko ta GPS a jere a 2017 da 2018,  ya zira kwallon da ta lashe wasa a kan Gregory Terrace, abokin hamayyarsa a kakar wasa ta farko.

An zaɓe shi a cikin ƙungiyar Makarantun Australiya da 'yan ƙasa da shekara 18 ta 2018 kuma ya buga a Brisbane da Tonga  da New Zealand,  kafin ya buga wasansu na Arewacin Hemisphere mai nasara da Scotland. da Ireland. A shekara mai zuwa, ya jagoranci ƙungiyar zuwa ga nasarorin da ta samu a kan Fiji   da kuma New Zealand a Hamilton. Gabaɗaya, Pasitoa ya sami wasanni shida ga ƙungiyar a cikin 2018 da 2019.   

## Ayyuka
Pasitoa ya shiga ƙungiyar ACT Brumbies a Canberra kafin kakar wasa ta 2020. Ya sanya hannu da ƙungiyar a ƙarshen 2018 amma har yanzu yana da sauran shekara ɗaya a makaranta don kammalawa. Ya fara buga wasansa na Super Rugby a Brumbies a watan Fabrairun 2020 daga benci a wasan zagaye na uku da Highlanders.[3]

Ya sanya hannu da ƙungiyar Western Force bayan kakar wasa ta 2021, a lokacin da ya koma gida Perth inda ya fara buga wasan rugby. 

A watan Yunin 2025, an bayyana a shafin yanar gizo na labaran wasanni na Australiya The Roar, cewa Pasitoa zai buga wa Northland wasa a gasar cin kofin larduna ta ƙasa ta New Zealand a ƙarshen kakar wasan Super Rugby Pacific ta 2025. 

A farkon watan Nuwamba na 2025, an sanya Pasitoa a cikin tawagar Highlanders kafin kakar wasan Super Rugby ta 2026. 

## Manazarta
Gillian Clark

**Gillian Margaret Clark** MBE (an haife ta a ranar 2 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1961) 'yar wasan badminton ce ta Ingila kuma tsohuwar 'yar wasan Badminton wacce ta kware a wasanni biyu.

## Ayyuka
Clark ta sami lambar yabo ta Distinguished Service Award daga Ƙungiyar Badminton ta Duniya a shekarar 1995.

### Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya
Clark ya lashe lambobin tagulla guda biyu a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya shekaru goma; don sau biyu na mata a 1983, da kuma sau biyu a 1993.

### Wasannin Olympics
Clark ta yi gasa a badminton a gasar Olympics ta 1992 a cikin mata biyu tare da Julie Bradbury . A zagaye na farko sun ci Erma Sulistianingsih da Rosiana Tendean na Indonesia kuma a zagaye na biyu Katrin Schmidt da Kerstin Ubben na Jamus. A wasan kusa da na karshe, Hwang Hye-young da Chung So-young na Koriya sun doke su, 5-15, 5-15.

### Dukkanin Gasar Ingila
Ta kai wasan karshe na shahararren All England Open Championships; a cikin 1985 gauraye biyu tare da Thomas Kihlström, 1990 ninki biyu tare da Gillian Gowers da 1994 gauraye tare da Chris Hunt .

### Wasannin Commonwealth
Clark ya lashe lambobin yabo goma sha biyu na Wasannin Commonwealth wanda ya kunshi wasanni hudu daga 1982 har zuwa 1994. Rarraba lambar yabo ta kasance lambobin zinare shida (ɗaya tare da Gillian Gowers a cikin ninki biyu, ɗaya tare da Chris Hunt a cikin ninka biyu da huɗu a cikin taron ƙungiya), lambobin azurfa uku duk a cikin ninku biyu da lambobin tagulla uku a cikin mutane da ninki biyu.   

## manazarta
Anthony Ryan (mai ba da agaji)

**Anthony Ryan** (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga Maris 1969) ɗan ƙasar Ostiraliya ne kuma tsohon ɗan wasa.

Ana iya cewa Ryan ya fi shahara da ayyukan agajinsa, bayan ya yi aiki a wurare daban-daban a ƙungiyoyi kamar Mimiko Foundation, Edmund Rice Foundation da Youngcare.

A lokacin da yake malami a Kwalejin Nudgee ta Brisbane a shekarar 1999, ya taimaka wajen ƙaddamar da motar abinci mai motsi don biyan buƙatun al'ummar marasa gidaje na yankin.  A matsayinsa na Shugaba na Gidauniyar Edmund Rice, Ryan ya ƙaddamar da shirin 'Gone Fishing' a shekarar 2013. 

Ryan, wanda ya yi nasara a tseren 'yan wasa a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, ya lashe kyautar azurfa a Gasar Cin Kofin Matasa ta Duniya ta 1988 a Wasannin Motsa Jiki a Kanada. 

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haifi Ryan a Brisbane inda ya girma. Ya halarci Makarantar Firamare ta St Anthony da Kwalejin Padua da ke Kedron kafin ya kammala karatun sakandare a Kwalejin Nudgee. 

A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, Ryan ɗan wasa ne mai ƙwarewa kuma yana fafatawa a wasanni daban-daban na ƙasa da ƙasa.  A Gasar Cin Kofin Matasa ta Duniya ta 1988 a Wasannin Motsa Jiki a Kanada, Ryan ya zama ɗan wasan azurfa a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar tseren  ta maza ta Australiya tare da abokan wasansa Mark Garner, Dean Capobianco da Steve Perry.  Duk da cewa ya nuna damar ci gaba da aikinsa na wasanni, yana fama da matsaloli masu yawa da suka shafi raunin da ya samu a cinyarsa wanda ya hana shi samun ƙarin nasara.

Ya halarci Jami'ar Queensland yana karatun digiri na farko a fannin fasaha / digiri na farko a fannin tattalin arziki, inda ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1994. Da farko yana da niyyar samun horo a matsayin dillalin hannun jari a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Paul Morgan.

Duk da haka, Ryan ya sami kwarin gwiwa ya canza ra'ayinsa ya zama malami, bayan tafiya zuwa Washington DC inda ya yi aiki da marasa gidaje. Sakamakon haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin malami daga 1995 zuwa 2008, wanda ya haɗa da yin aiki a matsayin malamin tattalin arziki a Kwalejin Nudgee.

Bayan fuskantar tsokaci daga wani ɗalibi a Kwalejin Nudgee wanda ya bayyana wasu ra'ayoyi marasa tushe game da marasa gida, Ryan ya ƙaddamar da wani shiri inda ɗalibai za su yi aikin sa kai don ba da abinci ga marasa gida yayin da kuma za su yi magana da su don ƙalubalantar waɗannan ra'ayoyin. [1] Sakamakon haka, Ryan ya kafa Eddie's Van tare da abokin aikinsa Damien Price.[1] [2] Lokacin da Ryan ya zama mataimakin shugaban makaranta a Kwalejin St Patrick da ke Shorncliff, ya taimaka wajen ƙaddamar da irin wannan motar mai suna Paddy's Van.[1]

## Manazarta
Murdo MacKenzie

**Murdo MacKenzie** (Afrilu 24, 1850 - Mayu 30, 1939) ya kasance sau biyu (1891-1901 da 1922-1937) manajan kamfanin Matador Land da Cattle na Scots, kuma shugaban kafa kungiyar masu noman Amurka, wanda ya ba da shaida a gaban majalisa da Hukumar Kasuwanci ta Interstate. Shaidarsa ta haifar da wucewar Dokar Hepburn ta 1906 wanda ya sauƙaƙa farashi na jirgin ƙasa ga masu jigilar kaya na yamma.

Shugaba Teddy Roosevelt ya nada shi a cikin Hukumar Kula da Kula da Lafiya ta Kasa a cikin 1908, kuma Mackenzie ne, a lokacin manajan Kamfanin Brazil Land, Cattle and Packing Company, wanda Roosevelt ya zauna tare da shi lokacin da ya ziyarci Brazil a cikin 1913.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi MacKenzie a kusa da Scotland" id="mwFg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tain, Scotland">Tain, Ross-shire, Scotland, inda ya halarci makarantar Ikklisiya kuma ya kammala karatu daga Tain Royal Academy a 1869. Ya yi aiki a ofishin lauya da kuma Bankin Linen na Burtaniya, sannan a matsayin abin da ke da alaƙa da Sir Charles Ross a Balnagown Castle . Ya auri Isabella Stronach MacBain a 1876 kuma ya haifi 'ya'ya biyar tare da ita. Daga cikin wadannan akwai dansa, David G. (Dode) MacKenzie, wanda, a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1909, aka harbe shi a LeBeau, Dakota ta Kudu, yayin da yake aiki ga Matador. 

Ya tashi zuwa Amurka a 1885 don karɓar tayin gudanar da Kamfanin Prairie Land da Cattle a Trinidad, Colorado. Bayan ya zama ɗan ƙasa, an zabe shi magajin gari na Trinidad a 1891, kafin ya karɓi shugabanci a Matador .

Ya mutu, yana da shekaru 89, a 1939 a Denver, Colorado, inda aka binne shi.

## A cikin al'adun gargajiya
MacKenzie ya bayyana a matsayin hali a cikin littafin ban dariya na Scrooge McDuck, The Buckaroo of the Badlands (1992), wanda aka kafa a 1882-1883, inda matalauta, sabon hayar Scrooge, wanda Theodore Roosevelt ya taimaka, ya ceci bijimi na MacKenzie. A farkon Raider of the Copper Hill (1993), wanda aka kafa a 1884, Scrooge ya bar Mackenzie don neman jan ƙarfe yayin da tsohon ma'aikacinsa ya kori garkensa zuwa Texas.

## Manazarta
Kevin Ryan (rugby)

**Kevin James Ryan** (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga Agusta 1934) tsohon ɗan majalisar jihar Australiya ne kuma magajin gari na gida, lauya kuma mai fafutuka. A shekarun 1950 da 1960, ya kasance wakilin ƙasa da ƙasa na rugby na Australiya mai lamba biyu kuma a baya ya kasance zakaran dambe na Queensland a shekarun 1958 da 1959, wanda ya yi gwaji a gasar Olympics ta 1960.

## Bayani
An haife shi a yankin Somerset da ke Linville, Queensland  ga iyayensa 'yan asalin Ireland da Australiya 'yan Roman Katolika, May Helena Ryan da mijinta Matthew ɗan daji ne kuma mai doki, ya koyi abubuwa da yawa game da dambe tun yana ƙarami.  Ya halarci makarantar kwana a lokacin makarantar sakandare a Kwalejin St Joseph, Nudgee  daga 1948 zuwa 1952 inda ya fara buga wasan rugby.

## Aikin ƙungiyar ƙwallon rugby
Bayan kammala karatunsa, Ryan ya buga wasanni bakwai tare da ƙungiyar Brisbane Brothers daga 1953 zuwa 1959. A cikin hirar da ya yi da Writer, ya yi magana game da rawar da ya taka a matsayin babban ɗan wasa da koci a cikin shekaru biyu na ƙarshe a ƙungiyar  kuma ya yi magana game da amincin da ya ji ga ƙungiyar a 1959 lokacin da ya amince da sharuɗɗa da St George da kuma cimma burinsa na wakiltar ƙungiyar rugby, ya buga kakar wasa ta 1959 tare da Brothers kuma ya taimaka musu su lashe gasar Premier ta Brisbane Club ta 1959.

An zaɓe shi a cikin tawagar da za su fafata a rangadin ƙungiyar rugby ta Australiya a Burtaniya, Ireland da Faransa a tsakanin shekarun 1957-58 . Ya fara wakiltar ƙasashen duniya a wasan gwaji na uku na rangadin, wanda ya yi da ƙungiyar rugby ta ƙasa ta Ingila a Twickenham a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu, 1958.[1] An doke ɗan ƙasar Australiya da ci 9-6. Bayan ƙarshen rangadin, ya sake buga wasa sau huɗu ga Wallabies a 1958, da farko a kan ƙungiyar All Blacks ta NZ Maori da ta ziyarci New Zealand, sannan a dukkan gwaje-gwaje uku da aka yi da All Blacks a rangadin Wallabies na 1958 a New Zealand.[1]

## Aikin gasar Rugby

### St. George
Ya kasance ɗan wasan gaba ko kuma ɗan wasan gaba na biyu tare da St. George Dragons a rabin ƙarshe na shekaru 11 a jere na nasarar lashe gasar firimiya daga 1956 zuwa 1966. Ya buga wasanni 106 ga ƙungiyar daga 1960 zuwa 1966, kuma ya buga manyan wasannin ƙarshe bakwai masu nasara. Ryan ya karɓi ragamar 'Hard Man' a cikin ƙungiyar gaba ta St George daga hannun Billy Wilson . Daga 1960 zuwa 1962 lokacin da Ryan, Wilson da Norm Provan suka buga wasa tare. Ƙungiyar gaba ta St George ta kasance mai ban mamaki. Ryan ya kammala salon taƙama ɗaya-ɗaya. Ya raina ƙungiyar masu taƙama da gangan yana ganin alhakinsa ne ya sauke ɗan wasansa da ƙarfi ba tare da taimako ba. Zai bar ƙasa duk lokacin da ya yi taƙama, sau da yawa yana murƙushe abokin hamayyarsa da kafadarsa, sannan ya kawo su ƙasa a naɗe, har da ƙwallon. 

## Manazarta
Robert Mac

**Robert Mac** (an haife shi **Robert Matthew Matz** a ranar 26 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1968) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Amurka.

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haifi Robert Mac a Detroit, Michigan a 1968, amma ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tucson, Arizona a 1972. Ya kammala karatu daga makarantar sakandaren Katolika ta Salpointe a 1986 kuma ya halarci Jami'ar Arizona daga 1986 zuwa 1991, inda ya kammala karatu tare da manyan digiri biyu na Bachelor of Arts, Magna cum laude a Rubuce-rubuce masu kirkiro da Bachelor na Fine Arts, Magna cum laude & Honors a Media Arts.

Mac ya fara wasan kwaikwayo a Laff's Comedy Club a Tucson a 1993, kodayake ya kasance Top Ten Finalist a gasar wasan kwaikwayo ta Billy Crystal ta Mr. Asabar Asabar a shekarar 1992.

A shekara ta 2001, Mac ta kasance mai tseren karshe a gasar cin kofin San Francisco International Comedy .  Ya lashe gasar Comedy Central ta Laugh Riot a shekara ta 2001, kuma daga baya ya bayyana a Comedy Central's Premium Blend  kuma ya sami wuri a Montreal Just for Laughs Festival a shekara ta 2002.

Ya bayyana a NBC's Late Friday, A Dating Story a kan The Learning Channel (TLC), da Jerry Lewis MDA Telethon, inda ya kasance Talent Search Winner a shekara ta 2003. A shekara ta 2007 ya kasance dan wasan karshe a bikin Boston Comedy kuma ya bayyana a bikin farko na Great American Comedy Festival a shekara ta 2008. 

A shekara ta 2007, Mac ta kaddamar da yakin neman zaben shugaban kasa  a matsayin wani ɓangare na madadin labarai na farko-mako na Tucson Weekly's Project White House,  inda takarda ta taimaka wa wadanda za su zama 'yan takara a yin rajista don kasancewa a cikin kuri'un Firayim Minista na jihar. Mac ya yi rajista don zaben fidda gwani na Arizona a matsayin dan takarar Jam'iyyar Democrat.

A shekara ta 2008, Mac ya bayyana a Season 6 na NBC's Last Comic Standing, inda aka kawar da shi a zagaye na farko. Duk da haka, an nuna shi a cikin wani bangare na haske a cikin labarin.

## Manazarta
Gus MacPherson

**Angus Ian MacPherson** (an haife shi a 11 ga Oktoba 1968) shi ne kocin kwallon kafa na Scotland kuma tsohon dan wasa.

Ayyukan MacPherson na wasan kwaikwayo sun ga sihiri a Rangers, Exeter City, Kilmarnock, Dunfermline Athletic da St Mirren.

Ya fara aikin gudanarwa a kulob dinsa na karshe St Mirren (da farko a matsayin mai horar da 'yan wasa), wanda ya jagoranta zuwa gabatarwa a shekara ta 2006. MacPherson tun daga lokacin ya jagoranci Sarauniyar Kudu da Sarauniyar Sarauniyar wanda ya jagoranta zuwa gabatarwa a cikin 2016. Ya koma St Mirren a watan Satumbar 2018 a matsayin mai ba da shawara, matsayin da ya rike har zuwa watan Agusta 2020. MacPherson daga nan ya yi aiki a matsayin manajan Greenock Morton .

A halin yanzu shi ne shugaban ayyukan kwallon kafa a St Johnstone . 

## Ayyukan wasa
MacPherson ya fara aikinsa a matsayin dan wasan matasa tare da Rangers, amma bai iya shiga cikin tawagar farko ba, ya kwashe wani lokaci a aro ga kungiyar Exeter City ta Ingila.

### Kilmarnock
A shekara ta 1991, ya koma Kilmarnock, inda zai ji daɗin mafi kyawun lokacin aikinsa ya zama mai ba da kyauta a cikin ƙungiyar farko ta Rugby Park. Ya ci gaba da buga wasanni sama da 350 a Kilmarnock kuma ya kasance a cikin kungiyar da ta lashe Kofin Scotland tare da nasarar 1-0 a kan Falkirk a Filin wasa na Ibrox .

An nada MacPherson a matsayin dan wasa / manajan a ranar 18 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2003 bayan murabus din John Coughlin. Ya yi ritaya daga wasa don mayar da hankali kan gudanarwa kawai a ƙarshen kakar 2003-04.

MacPherson ya jagoranci St Mirren zuwa na biyu a 2004-05 ya gama bayan Falkirk. Wannan gagarumin ci gaba ne ga kulob din bayan ya gama na bakwai a kakar da ta gabata. A cikin kakar wasa mai zuwa MacPherson ya jagoranci St Mirren zuwa Gasar Firimiya ta Scotland bayan ya gama saman rukunin farko. Ya kuma jagoranci tawagar zuwa nasarar 2-1 a gasar cin kofin Scottish League Challenge Cup a kan Hamilton Academical tare da Simon Lappin da John Sutton da suka zira kwallaye, ya zama kocin St Mirren kawai da ya lashe sau biyu na cikin gida.

A cikin kakar 2006-07 ya riƙe matsayin St Mirren a cikin SPL, bayan wani ɗan gajeren gwagwarmaya. A wasan karshe na biyu na kakar an tabbatar da matsayin St Mirren a cikin SPL ta hanyar nasarar 3-2 a kan Motherwell duk da cewa ya kasance 2-0 a ƙasa. Wannan tare da wasu sakamakon sun ga daya daga cikin tsoffin kungiyoyin MacPherson, Dunfermline ya koma Division na farko.

## manazarta