Sasson Somekh

**Sasson Somekh** ( Hebrew   ; Arabic   (1933 &#x2013; 18 Agusta 2019) ɗan Iraki-Isra'ila ne ilimi, marubuci kuma mai fassara. Ya kasance farfesa a fannin adabin Larabawa na zamani a Jami'ar Tel Aviv .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Sasson Somekh a Baghdad ga dangin Yahudawa marasa addini. A shekarar 1951, Somekh da iyalinsa suka yi ƙaura zuwa Isra'ila . Bai san Ibrananci a lokacin ba, amma ya fara koyonsa da gaske don cimma burinsa na zama mai fassara waƙoƙin Larabci zuwa Ibrananci. An buga fassararsa ta farko a shekarar 1954 a cikin Ner, wata mujalla da Ihud ("Unity") ta buga, wata ƙungiya da aka keɓe don ci gaban sulhu tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa wanda Judah Magnes ya kafa. [1]

## Aikin ilimi
Somekh ya sami digirin farko a Harshe da Tarihi na Ibrananci daga Jami'ar Tel Aviv,  da kuma digirin Master a Harsunan Semitic a Jami'ar Ibrananci ta Urushalima . A tsakanin 1962-1965, Somekh ya yi aiki a matsayin sakataren kimiyya na Kwalejin Harshen Ibrananci . Ya yi digirin digirgir a Jami'ar Oxford a tsakanin 1966-1968. Maudu'insa shine littattafan Naguib Mahfouz, yana mai da hankali kan Trilogy na Cairo . Tsawon shekaru Mahfouz da Somekh sun zama abokai. Mai kula da takardar digirin shine masanin Masar Mustafa Badawi .

Bayan dawowarsa Isra'ila, ya zama malami a fannin Adabin Larabci. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban sashen Harshe da Adabin Larabci a Jami'ar Tel Aviv a tsakanin 1972-1984. A shekarar 1980, ya zama cikakken farfesa. Tsakanin 1982 da 2003, ya rike kujerar Helmos ta Adabin Larabci. A tsakanin 1996-1998, ya kasance shugaban Cibiyar Ilimi ta Isra'ila da ke Alkahira.  Farfesa ne mai ziyara a Jami'ar Princeton, Kwalejin St Antony, Oxford, Cibiyar Bincike ta Annenberg, NYU da Jami'ar Uppsala . A shekarar 2004, ya sami digirin girmamawa daga Jami'ar Ben Gurion .

Yana cikin waɗanda suka kafa Kwalejin Harshen Larabci a Isra'ila, wadda aka kafa a watan Disamba na 2007 tare da haɗin gwiwar tsoffin ɗalibai da dama. 

## Bugawa
Somekh ya rubuta littattafai goma, fassarori da yawa daga Larabci zuwa Ibrananci, daga cikinsu akwai tarin waƙoƙin Larabci na zamani guda huɗu, da kuma kimanin labarai 90 a cikin mujallun ilimi. A cikin shekaru 50 da suka gabata Somekh ya buga ɗaruruwan labarai a cikin mujallun adabi da kari kamar *Iton 77*, *Halikon* da *Moznayim* . Rubuce-rubucensa sun fi mayar da hankali kan adabin Larabci na zamani da marubuta, alaƙa tsakanin adabin Larabci da Ibrananci da kuma Cairo Geniza . Ya kasance mai ba da gudummawa akai-akai ga jaridar *Haaretz* .

### Tarihin Rayuwa: Bagdad Jiya
Yana da shekaru 70, Somekh ya rubuta kundin farko na tarihin rayuwarsa, *Baghdad, Yesterday: The Making of an Arab Jewel* . An buga littafin a cikin Ibrananci kuma an fassara shi zuwa Larabci, Turanci da Turkiyya. A cikin littafin ya bayyana rayuwarsa a matsayin yaro Bayahude kuma matashi a Baghdad a cikin shekaru 17 na farko na rayuwarsa. Ya yi magana game da kasancewa yaro Bayahude mai zaman kansa daga gidan Bayahude mai zaman kansa. Ya nuna cewa matsakaicin aji wanda ya sami matsayi a cikin shekarun 1930 da 40 shine babban tasiri akan al'adun rayuwa a cikin al'ummar Yahudawa. Hakanan, yana nuna Yahudawan Iraki suna jin daɗin dangantakar maƙwabtaka da maƙwabtansu Musulmi - wataƙila ba na alfarma ba amma na girmamawa juna. 

An buga littafi na biyu, *Yamim Hazuyim* ("Kira shi Mafarki") a shekarar 2008. Ya bayyana rayuwarsa tsakanin Tel Aviv, Oxford, Princeton, da Alkahira tsakanin 1951 da 2000. Littafin ya ratsa manyan tashoshi guda huɗu na rayuwarsa: Tel Aviv - inda ya zauna kuma ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru 40 a matsayin farfesa a fannin adabin Larabci; Oxford - inda ya sami digirin digirgir; Princeton - inda ya kasance farfesa mai ziyara a wasu lokutan a shekarun 1970 da 1980; da kuma Alkahira - birnin da ya yi bincike mai yawa a fannin adabi kuma inda ya jagoranci Cibiyar Ilimi ta Isra'ila . 

## Lambobin yabo da karramawa

* 1982: Kyautar Arberry don nazarin adabin Larabci, wanda Kwalejin Pembroke, Cambridge ta bayar
* 2005: Kyautar Isra'ila, don karatun Gabas ta Tsakiya. 
* 2008: Kyautar EMET a fannin al'adu da fasaha 

### Labarai

* "Millenarian Bakin ciki: Jarabawar Awlad Haratina", Nazarin Gabas ta Tsakiya 7, 49-61, 1971
* "Sifofi Biyu na Tattaunawa a cikin Wasan Kwaikwayo na Mahmud Taymur", Takardar Princeton Near East Mai Lamba 21, Princeton, 1975
* "Harshe da Jigo a cikin Takaitattun Labarun Yusuf Idris", Mujallar Adabin Larabci 4, 89-100, 1975
* "Sauyin 'Ghalwa'", Mujallar Adabin Larabci 6 (1976), 101-119
* "Matsalar Diglotic a cikin Wasan Kwaikwayo na Tawfiq al-Hakim", Nazarin Gabas ta Isra'ila 9, 392-403, 1983
* "Aikin Sauti a cikin Labarun Yusuf Idris", Mujallar Adabin Larabci 16, 95-104, 1985
* "Shigawar Yahudawan Masar a Al'adun Larabci na Zamani", Yahudawan Masar a Zamanin Zamani, Shimon Shamir (ed.), Boulder: Westview, 130-140, 1986
* "Minti ɗaya zuwa tsakar dare: Yaƙi da Zaman Lafiya a cikin Littattafan Naguib Mahfouz", Bita na Gabas ta Tsakiya 20:2, 7-19, 1987
* "Shelley a cikin Larabcin Neoclassical", Edebiyat, NS, Vol. I, No.2, 89-100, 1989
* "Waƙar Larabci ta Zamani da Palimpsest na Tsakiya", Edebiyat, NS, 3:1, 105-118, 1989
* "Gidaje Masu Sanyi da Dogaye: Maƙwabcin Bayahude a cikin Ayyukan Marubutan Larabawa", Jerusalem Quarterly 52, 26-35, 1989
* "Muryoyin da suka ɓace: Marubutan Yahudawa a Adabin Larabci na Zamani", a cikin Yahudawa a Tsakanin Larabawa: Hulɗa da Iyakoki, Mark R. Cohen da Abraham L. Udovitch (eds.), Princeton: Darwin Press, 9-20, 1989
* "Asalin Naguib Mahfouz", Sharhin Tel-Aviv 2, 244-257, 1990
* (tare da Mark R. Cohen), "A Kotun Ya'qub Ibn Killis: Wani Kashi Daga Alkahira Geniza", Jewish Quarterly Review 80, 283-314, 1990
* "Mawakan Larabci na Neo-Classical", a cikin Adabin Larabci na Zamani, Tarihin Adabin Larabci na Cambridge, MM Badawi (ed.), Cambridge: CUP, 26-81, 1992
* "Fusha Mai Amfani da Harshen Turanci a cikin Littafin Almara na Larabci na Zamani", Nazarin Urushalima a cikin Larabci da Musulunci 16, 176-194, 1993
* "Tsarin Shiru: Karatun 'Bayt Min Lahm' na Yusufu", Marubuci, Al'adu, Rubutu: Nazari a Adabin Larabci na Zamani, Ami Elad (ed.) Frediction: York Press, 56-61, 1993
* "Abubuwan da ke cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki a cikin Adabin Larabci na Zamani", Mujallar Adabin Larabci 26, 186-200, 1995
* "Taswirar Tafsirin Saadia a cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki na Larabci na Zamani", Yahudanci da Musulunci: Iyakoki, Sadarwa da Hulɗa: Makaloli don Girmama William M. Brinner, B. Hary, F. Aster, J. Hayes (eds.), Leiden: Brill, 227-236, 2000

## Manazarta