Gilashin gine-gine

**Gilashi gine-gine** gilashi ne wanda ake amfani dashi azaman kayan gini. Ana amfani dashi galibi azaman kayan gilashi a cikin ambulaf ɗin gini, gami da windows a cikin bangon waje. Ana amfani da gilashi don bangarori na ciki kuma a matsayin fasalin gine-gine. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin gine-gine, Gilashin sau da yawa yana da nau'in tsaro, wanda ya haɗa da tabarau masu ƙarfi, masu ƙarfi da laminated.

## Tarihi

### Tsarin lokaci na ci gaban gilashin gine-gine na zamani

## Nau'o'in

### Gilashin da aka yi amfani da shi
gilashi gilashi shine tsari wanda ake jefa abubuwa na gilashi ta hanyar jagorantar gilashin da aka narke a cikin ƙira inda yake karfafawa. An yi amfani da dabarar tun zamanin Masar. Gilashin simintin zamani an kafa shi ne ta hanyar matakai daban-daban kamar simintin murhu, ko simintin cikin yashi, graphite ko ƙirar ƙarfe. Gilashin gilashi, duk da cewa suna da halaye marasa kyau, sun fara bayyana a cikin manyan gine-gine a Roma da kuma manyan birane na Herculaneum da Pompeii.

### Gilashin kambin

Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin farko na ƙera taga na gilashi shine hanyar *gilashin kambi*. An yanke gilashin da aka hura a gaban bututu, sannan da sauri ya juya a kan tebur kafin ya iya sanyaya. Ƙarfin centrifugal ya tsara gilashin gilashi mai zafi a cikin zagaye, takarda mai laushi. Za a karya takardar daga bututun kuma a gyara ta don samar da taga na rectangular don shiga cikin firam.

A tsakiyar gilashin kambi, wani nau'i mai zurfi na asalin kwalban da aka hura zai kasance, saboda haka sunan "bullseye". Za'a iya rage lalacewar gani da bullseye ya haifar ta hanyar niƙa gilashin. Ci gaban windows na diaper latticed ya kasance a wani bangare saboda ana iya yanke bangarori uku na yau da kullun daga gilashin Crown, tare da mafi ƙarancin sharar gida kuma tare da mafi karancin karkatarwa.

Wannan hanyar don ƙera bangarorin gilashi mai laushi tana da tsada sosai kuma ba za a iya amfani da ita don yin manyan bangarori ba. An maye gurbinsa a cikin karni na 19 ta hanyar silinda, takarda, da matakai na farantin, amma har yanzu ana amfani dashi a cikin gine-ginen gargajiya da sabuntawa.

### Gilashin cylinder
A cikin wannan tsarin masana'antu, ana hura gilashi a cikin ƙirar ƙarfe. Ana yanke iyakar kuma ana yanke shi a gefen silinda. Ana sanya silinda da aka yanke a cikin tanda inda silinda ke buɗewa cikin gilashin gilashi.

### Gilashin Shafi (Hanyar Hudu)

An yi gilashin zane ta hanyar tsoma jagora a cikin tukunyar gilashi mai narkewa sannan a ja wannan jagora kai tsaye yayin da fim din gilashi ya karfafa daga cikin tukunwar - wannan an san shi da Tsarin Fourcault. Wannan fim ko layin an ja shi a kai a kai ta hanyar taraktoci a gefen biyu yayin da yake sanyaya. Bayan mita 12 ko haka an yanke shi daga layin tsaye kuma an saukar da shi don a kara yanke shi. Wannan gilashin a bayyane yake amma yana da bambancin kauri saboda ƙananan canje-canjen zafin jiki kawai daga cikin tukunyar yayin da yake karfafawa. Wadannan bambance-bambance suna haifar da layin ƙananan rikice-rikice. Har yanzu ana iya ganin wannan gilashin a cikin tsofaffin gidaje. Gilashin ruwa ya maye gurbin wannan tsari.

Irving Wightman Colburn ya kirkiro irin wannan hanyar da kansa. Ya fara gwaji da hanyar a cikin 1899, kuma ya fara samarwa a cikin 1906. Ya tafi fatara, amma Michael Joseph Owens ne ya sayi shi. Saboda hanyar ba ta cika ba, sun ci gaba da tsaftace ta har zuwa 1916 lokacin da suka ji cewa ta cika, kuma sun buɗe masana'antar gilashi bisa ga fasahar a shekara bayan haka.

### Gilashin farantin da aka goge
A cikin 1838, an ba James Hartley takardar shaidar Hartley's Patent Rolled Plate, wanda aka ƙera ta hanyar sabon tsarin gilashi. Ana ɗaukar gilashin daga murhu a cikin manyan layin ƙarfe, waɗanda ake ɗauka a kan slings da ke gudana a kan rails na sama; daga layin ana jefa gilashin a kan gadon ƙarfe na tebur mai juyawa; kuma ana mirgine shi cikin takarda ta hanyar ƙarfe mai juyawa, tsarin yana kama da wanda aka yi amfani da shi wajen yin gilashin farantin, amma a kan karamin sikelin. Takardar da aka mirgine ta haka ne aka kusan gyare-gyare yayin da yake da zafi da taushi, don cire waɗancan ɓangarorin gilashi waɗanda aka lalata ta hanyar hulɗa da ladle, kuma takardar, har yanzu tana da taushi.

Tsarin gilashin farantin yana farawa da takarda ko gilashin faranti. Wannan gilashin ba daidai ba ne kuma sau da yawa ya haifar da rikice-rikice na gani. Wadannan bangarorin da ba su da kyau sun kasance a ƙasa sannan a goge su. Wannan tsari ne mai tsada sosai.

Kafin tsarin ruwa, madubai sun kasance gilashin farantin kamar yadda gilashin takarda yana da rikice-rikice na gani wanda ya yi kama da waɗanda aka gani a wurin shakatawa ko madubai na nishaɗi.

A cikin 1918 injiniyan Belgium Emil Bicheroux ya inganta masana'antar gilashin farantin ta hanyar zuba gilashin da aka narke tsakanin rollers biyu, wanda ya haifar da kauri da ƙananan motsi, kuma ya rage buƙatar niƙa da gogewa. An ci gaba da inganta wannan tsari a Amurka.

### Gilashin da aka mirgine

Ana samar da alamu masu zurfi da aka samo a kan gilashin gilashi (ko 'Cathedral') a cikin irin wannan salon ga tsarin gilashin da aka mirgine sai dai an jefa farantin tsakanin rollers biyu, daya daga cikinsu yana ɗauke da tsari. A wani lokaci, duka rollers na iya ɗaukar tsari. Tsarin yana sha'awar takardar ta hanyar buga takarda wanda aka kawo a kan gilashin yayin da yake barin manyan juzu'i yayin da yake da taushi. Wannan gilashin yana nuna tsari a cikin babban taimako. Ana rufe gilashin a cikin lehr.

Gilashin da aka yi amfani da shi don wannan dalili yawanci fari ne a launi fiye da tabarau masu haske da aka yi šomišwa don wasu aikace-aikace.

Wasu daga cikin tabarau ne kawai za a iya ƙarfafa su, dangane da zurfin tsarin da aka zana. Gilashin da aka mirgine guda ɗaya, inda aka buga a cikin wani wuri, ana iya yin layin don samar da gilashin tsaro. Mafi ƙarancin 'gilashin gilashi biyu', inda aka zana a cikin bangarorin biyu, ba za a iya sanya shi cikin gilashin tsaro ba amma zai riga ya zama kauri fiye da matsakaicin farantin da aka ƙayyade don karɓar fuskokin biyu. Ƙarshen kauri ya dogara da ƙirar da aka buga.

* Building construction - Tsarin gini ko tara gini ko ababen more rayuwaShafuka da ke nuna taƙaitaccen bayanin manufofi
* Glass in green buildings - Amfani da kayan aiki a cikin gine-gine mai ɗorewa
* Gidajen tarihi da tashoshin gilashi
* Glazing - Wani bangare na bango ko taga, wanda aka yi da gilashi
* Heatable glass - Rashin zafi ta amfani da bayyane, murfin lantarki a kan gilashiShafuka da ke nuna taƙaitaccen bayanin manufofi
* Insulated glazing - Abubuwan gini wanda ya kunshi akalla faranti biyu na gilashi
* Leadlight - Irin windows
* Quadruple glazing - Irin gilashin da aka rufe
* Solar thermal collector - Na'urar da ke tattara zafi
* Gilashin da aka yi da ita na Burtaniya da Irish (1811-1918) 
* Stained glass - Gilashin launi da ayyukan da aka yi daga gare ta

## Manazarta