Shelar 'Yanci

**Sanarwar ‘Yantar da ‘Yancinta** umarni ne da Shugaban Amurka Abraham Lincoln ya yi na ‘yantar da bayi a jihohi 10. Ya shafi bayi a cikin jihohi har yanzu suna tawaye a cikin 1863 lokacin yakin basasar Amurka . Ba a zahiri ba nan da nan ya 'yantar da duk bayi a cikin waɗannan jihohin, saboda har yanzu suna ƙarƙashin ikon Confederacy . Ta, duk da haka, ya 'yantar da aƙalla bayi 20,000 nan da nan, kuma kusan dukkanin bayi miliyan 4 (bisa ga ƙidayar Amurka ta 1860 ) yayin da sojojin Tarayyar suka shiga cikin jihohin Confederate. Har zuwa gyare-gyare na goma sha uku ga Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Amurka a 1865, jihohi ne kawai ke da ikon kawo karshen bauta a cikin iyakokin su. Lincoln ya ba da sanarwar a matsayin ma'aunin yaƙi a matsayinsa na babban kwamanda .

Sanarwar ta sanya ’yantarwa ya zama burin yakin basasa. Ya kuma raunana ƙoƙarin da Ingila da Faransa ke yi na amincewa da Confederacy a hukumance. Yayin da sojojin Tarayyar suka shiga cikin yankin Rebel (Confederate), sun 'yantar da dubban bayi a kowace rana. Da yawa ba su jira ba, amma sun gudu daga masu su don neman 'yancinsu.

Jihohin bayi biyar ( Jihohin Border ) sun kasance masu aminci ga Ƙungiyar kuma ba su da yaƙi da gwamnatin tarayya . Sanarwar kuma ba ta shafi Tennessee ba, kuma ba ta shafi yankuna a cikin Virginia da Louisiana waɗanda sojojin Tarayyar suka riga sun sarrafa ba.

## Sanarwa
An fitar da sanarwar ne kashi biyu. Ranar 22 ga Satumba, 1862, Lincoln ya ce a cikin kwanaki 100, zai 'yantar da dukan bayi a yankunan da ba a karkashin ikon kungiyar ba. A ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1863, ya ambaci jihohi goma da sanarwar za ta yi amfani da su: Texas, South Carolina, North Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Virginia, Florida, da Louisiana. Jihohin kan iyaka guda biyar inda har yanzu bautar ta kasance doka an keɓe su, don haka ba a ambaci sunansu ba, saboda sun kasance masu aminci ga Ƙungiyar kuma ba su kasance cikin tawaye ba. Hakanan ba a ambaci sunan Tennessee ba saboda sojojin Tarayyar sun riga sun sami iko a can. Larduna da dama na Virginia da ke cikin shirin rabuwa da waccan jihar don kafa sabuwar jihar ta West Virginia an ba su suna musamman a matsayin keɓe, kamar yadda wasu majami'u da dama ke kewayen New Orleans a Louisiana. Sakin layi na gaba wani bangare ne na zance daga shelar 'Yanci.

Kafin yakin ya kare, wasu daga cikin jihohin kan iyaka da aka kebe sun kawo karshen bautar da ke kan iyakokinsu. Yayin da shelar ta ’yantar da bayi, ba ta sanya bautar da aka haramta ba. Lincoln ya dauki nauyin gyara tsarin mulki don hana bauta. Kwaskwarima na goma sha uku, wanda ya sa bautar da aka haramta a ko'ina a cikin Amurka, an wuce a ƙarshen 1865, watanni takwas bayan an kashe Lincoln .

Wasu ƴan tsirarun bayin da suka rigaya bayan layukan ƙungiyar sun sami 'yantar da su nan da nan. Yayin da dakarun Ƙungiyar suka ci gaba, kusan dukkanin bayi miliyan huɗu an 'yantar da su. Wasu tsofaffin bayi sun shiga cikin sojojin Tarayyar.

Kafin yakin ya kare, wasu daga cikin jihohin kan iyaka da aka kebe sun kawo karshen bautar da ke kan iyakokinsu. Yayin da shelar ta ’yantar da bayi, ba ta sanya bautar da aka haramta ba. Lincoln ya dauki nauyin gyara tsarin mulki don hana bauta. Kwaskwarima na goma sha uku, wanda ya sa bautar da aka haramta a ko'ina a cikin Amurka, an wuce a ƙarshen 1865, watanni takwas bayan an kashe Lincoln .

## Gidan hotuna

Fayil:Emancipation_Proclamation_in_the_National_Republican,_9-23-1862.png|alt=Announcement of the Proclamation in the National Republican (1862)| Sanarwa na Sanarwa a cikin *Jamhuriyar Republican* (1862)
Fayil:TRUMP.JPG|alt=Hostile cartoon saying Lincoln "played his last card" by issuing the Proclamation| Cartoon mai ban tsoro yana cewa Lincoln "ya buga katinsa na ƙarshe" ta hanyar ba da sanarwar
Fayil:Gordon,_scourged_back,_NPG,_1863.jpg|alt=Famous photo of a slave with a badly scarred back from being whipped (1863)| Shahararren Hotuna na bawa mai mummunan tabo daga bulala (1863)
Fayil:Stephens-reading-proclamation-1863.jpeg|alt=Painting of a black man reading a newspaper with the headline "Presidential Proclamation/Slavery" (1863)| Zanen wani baƙar fata yana karanta jarida mai taken "Shawarar Shugaban Ƙasa / Bauta" (1863)
Fayil:USA-54th_Regiment_Memorial0.jpg|alt=This is a memorial to the 54th Massachusetts Infantry of the Union Army, which contained many ex-slaves| Wannan wani abin tunawa ne ga Rundunar Sojojin Ƙasa ta Massachusetts ta 54, wadda ta ƙunshi tsofaffin bayi da yawa.
Fayil:SlaveChildrenUnknown.jpg|alt=Two ex-slave children who were probably freed by Lincoln's work, circa 1870| 'Ya'yan bayi guda biyu waɗanda aikin Lincoln ya 'yanta su, kusan 1870


## Shafukan da ke da alaƙa

* Yakin basasar Amurka
** Ƙungiyar
** Ƙungiya ('Yan Tawayen)
* Bauta

## Sauran gidajen yanar gizo

* Labarin Baƙar fata na Massachusetts na 54 (ɗaya daga cikin rukunin baƙar fata na farko a cikin sojojin Amurka, waɗanda suka ƙunshi tsoffin bayi da yawa waɗanda Sanarwar 'Yanci ta 'yantar da su) (Turanci Mai Sauƙi)

## Magana