Sabuwar Shekarar Sinawa

**Sabuwar Shekara ta kasar Sin**, wacce aka sani a kasar Sin da **bazaraBikin** kuma a Singapore a matsayin **LunarSabuwarShekara**, hutu ne a kusa da sabon wata a ranar farko ta shekara a kalandar gargajiya ta kasar Sin . Wannan kalandar ta dogara ne akan canje -canje a cikin wata kuma wani lokacin ana canza shi don dacewa da lokutan shekara bisa la’akari da yadda Duniya ke zagaya rana . Saboda wannan, Sabuwar Shekara ta China ba ta taɓa yin Janairu ba.

Sabuwar Shekara ta Sin tana ɗaya daga cikin muhimman bukukuwa ga Sinawa a duk faɗin duniya. An yi amfani da ranar sa ta 7 maimakon ranar haihuwa don kidaya shekarun mutane a China. Har yanzu ana amfani da hutun don gaya wa mutane wanne “dabba” na zodiac na Sinawa suke ciki. Hutu shine lokacin kyauta ga yara da kuma tarurrukan iyali tare da manyan abinci, kamar Kirsimeti a Turai da sauran yankunan Kiristoci. Ba kamar Kirsimeti, da yara yawancike samun kyautar tsabar kuɗi a cikin ja envelopes ( *hongbao* ) da kuma ba toys ko tufafi .

Sin Sabuwar Shekara amfani ga karshe 15 kwana har sai da bikin a shekara ta farko da cikakken watã .  Yanzu, hutu ne na kasa a Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin, Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei, da Indonesia . Hakanan ana yin bikin a wasu yankuna na Thailand . A wasu wurare, ranar farko ko kwana uku ne kawai ake yin bikin. A cikin Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin, ana canza ƙarshen karshen mako don kirkirar "Makon Zinariya " na kwanaki 7.

Sabbin shekarun gargajiya a Vietnam ( Tet ) da Koriya ( Sabuwar Shekara ta Koriya ) kusan koyaushe suna rana ɗaya da Sabuwar Shekara ta China amma wani lokacin daban. Sabuwar Shekarar Jafananci ta kasance tana yin aiki iri ɗaya amma ya bambanta sosai tunda wasu canje -canje a cikin karni na 19 . Losar da Tsagaan Sar , sabbin shekarun Tibet da Mongoliya na gargajiya, suna da kusanci da Sabuwar Shekara ta China amma hanyoyi daban -daban na tunani game da sauye -sauyen wata da kara watanni na iya sa su faru makonni ban da bikin Sinawa.

## Suna

Sunan Mandarin Sinawa na hutu shine *Chūn Jié wanda* ke nufin "Bikin bazara". Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa shi ne sau da yawa ake kira "Spring Festival" ta kasar Sin jawabai na Turanci, ko da yake hutu ko da yaushe yakan faru a cikin hunturu watanni na Janairu ko Fabrairu .  An rubuta cikin  gargajiya na Sinanci da 春节a cikin mafi saukin rubutu yanzu manyan kasashen China da Singapore ke amfani da su . Jamhuriyar China ta fara amfani da wannan suna a cikin shekarun 1910, bayan da ta fara amfani da kalandar Turai don yawancin abubuwa. 

Kafin hakan, galibi ana kiran wannan biki da "SabonShekara ". Saboda kalandar gargajiya ta kasar Sin galibi ta dogara ne kan sauye -sauyen da ke faruwa a cikin wata, ita ma Sabuwar Shekara ta Sin ana kiranta da Ingilishi da "Sabuwar Shekara" ko "Sabuwar Shekarar Lunar Sin". Wannan sunan ya fito ne daga " Luna ", tsohon sunan wata . Sunan Indonisiya don hutun shine **Imlek**, wanda ya fito daga kalmar Hokkien don tsohuwar kalandar China kuma saboda haka shima yana son "Sabuwar Shekara ta Lunar". 

Wani tsohon sunan bikin shine *Lìchūn*,  ma'ana "farkon bazara". A cikin Sinanci, wannan ma suna ne na musamman don wurin rana daga kusan Fabrairu4 zuwa 19 kowace shekara, lokacin da rana take 45 zuwa 30 ° gaba da wurin sa a ranar 1 ga wata ranar bazara. Ba a yawan amfani da sunan don yin magana game da Sabuwar Shekarar China. A Taiwan, ana kiran ainihin *Lichun* " Ranar Manomi " tun 1941 . Shekara tsakanin Sabuwar Shekaru biyu na China ba tare da ita ba ana tsammanin ba sa'ar aure bane.

## Ranar Sabuwar Shekara

Sabuwar Shekarar sin ko da yaushe yana farawa a kan wani sabon wata, a lokacin da wata ne tsakanin Duniya da kuma Rana da shi ya dubi duk duhu a cikin dare sama . Domin sabbin watanni suna faruwa kusan kowane kwanaki 29.53 amma shekarar da Paparoma Gregory ya kafa. tsawon kwanaki 365.2425 ne, hutun kasar Sin yana tafiya zuwa kwanaki daban -daban a kowace shekara. Kalandar kasar Sin tana kara wata 13 a kowane lokaci don kiyaye yanayi a wurin da ya dace, don haka ranar farko ta sabuwar shekara koyaushe tana faruwa tsakanin Janairu21 da Fabrairu20 a ranar 2 ko 3 sabon wata bayan ranar 1 na hunturu .  Ginshiki a dama yana ba da ranar kowace Sabuwar Shekara ta China daga AD1996 zuwa 2031 .

## Tarihi

## Ado

Mutane suna rataye kayan ado, musamman nau'i -nau'i na wakokin Sinanci ( ma'aurata ) a kowane gefen kofofinsu.  Wasu suna sanya hotunan allolin Taoist a kofar don tsoratar da munanan abubuwa. Tsirrai masu rai suna ba da shawarar ci gaba, kuma furanni suna ba da shawarar 'ya'yan itatuwa masu zuwa. Wuslow na farji ya zama ruwan dare a wasu wurare saboda sunan sa na China yana kama da "kudi yana shigowa".  Yana da yawa don manyan kayan ado su yi kama da dabba don sabuwar shekara, ta yadda 2017 ta sami hotuna da mutum-mutumin  Zakara da Kaza kuma 2018 za ta sami Karnuka .

Mutane sun kasance suna maraba da Sabuwar Shekara tare da *duk abin da* ke yin kara mai karfi, gami da ganguna, kuge, ko ma aiyuka da tukwane . Ainihin al'adun sun bambanta a sassa daban -daban na kasar Sin . Wutar wuta da kashe gobara ta zama ruwan dare a ko'ina, amma kwanan nan wurare da yawa sun daina barin yawancin mutane suna amfani da su saboda hadarin mutane na cutar da kansu, da wuta, da datti a cikin iska wanda zai iya sa mutane rashin lafiya . Akwai har yanzu babban aikin wuta aka nuna a mafi manyan birane da yawa na kasar Sin mutane, amma birni gwamnati za ta yi duk abin da kuma sauran mutane kawai suna kallo.
File:A chinese home decorated for New Years.jpg | kofofi tare da ma'aurata masu siyayyar kantin sayar da kayan kariya da alloli
File:Chinese paper cuttings.jpg | Yanke jajayen takarda, mafi yawa tare da kalmomin Sinanci don "Spring" ko "Luck"
File:FuDao.jpg | Sau da yawa ana rataya "Luck" juye-juye saboda "juye-juye" da "zuwa" suna sauti iri ɗaya a cikin Sinanci
File:Eight chinese knots.jpg | kananan kullan Sinawa
File:Lantern Festival.jpg | Fitila akan bikin Fitila
File:Lucky bamboo plant.jpg | Smallan karamin tsayawar da aka daure da gora, kyauta ta yau da kullun da kayan ado don Sabuwar Shekara ta Sinawa
File:Tangerine plant.jpg | Wani daji na tangerine, wata kyauta ta yau da kullun da kayan ado


## Abinci

Abincin sake haduwa a ranar kafin Sabuwar Shekara ta China galibi ita ce mafi girma kuma mafi tsada a shekara. Wasu iyalai suna amfani da abinci na musamman da tsada don samun fuska ; wasu suna amfani da abinci mai ma’ana don kawo sa’a . Jiaozi (wani nau'in juji ) ya zama ruwan dare a arewacin China. Mutane suna tunanin suna kama da tsoffin sandunan azurfa na China   kuma suna rike sa'a a ciki.  Rolls kwai da bazara suna birgima kamar lumpia  kuma ana iya yin su kamar sandunan zinari, kuma ana tunanin lemu da tangerines suna kama da tsabar zinare. Taliyar yara kamar *yīmiàn* ko Filipino pansit ana cin su ba a yanke don yin fatan tsawon rai.  Ana cin wasu jita-jita saboda sunayen Sinawa suna kama da kalmomi masu sa’a, kamar “kifi” da “wadata”.  A cikin Cantonese, " kayan lambu " yayi daidai da "samun kudi " ( *choy* ) da " albasa " sauti iri daya da "kidaya-da-tsarawa" ( *suan* ). Saboda wannan mutanen Cantonese a China da wasu kasashe suna kokarin samun wasu yayin bukukuwan Sabuwar Shekara.  Niangao, wanda ake kira "tikoy" a Philippines,   wani irin waina ne da aka yi da soyayyen shinkafa da sukari .  Yana da yawa a kudancin China. A cikin Sinanci, sunansa yana kama da *nián gão* ("shekara ta fi kyau") ko *niánnián gāoshēng* ("samun ingantacciyar shekara bayan shekara").  Wasu mutane kuma suna tunanin tsarinta kamar manne ne kuma suna amfani da shi azaman burin haɗa danginsu tare.  'Yan Indonesiya suna kiran niangao da "wainar kwandon" saboda suna kera nasu a cikin kwandunan bamboo . Hakanan suna da wasu abubuwan dandano na musamman ban da vanilla da cakulan kamar pandan, itace mai ganye mai ƙamshi.  Wasu mutane suna soya tikoy da kwai ;  sau da yawa ana yin burodi da guntun nama na kwakwa.  Saboda yawancin mutanen China a Philippines suna magana da Hokkien ba Mandarin Sinawa ba, suma suna son cin abarba . A cikin Hokkien, kalmar "abarba" tana kama da kalmar "samun kuɗi mai yawa". 

Wasu Sinawa kuma sun fitar da " Trays of Tare", jita -jita tare da sassa daban -daban guda takwas da nau'ikan nau'ikan abinci iri -iri. Wasu na kowa abubuwa a saka a cikin wadannan trays ne kumquats, longans, guda na kwakwa nama, gujiya, alawa, kuma kankana da latas tsaba .  Takwas lambobi ne masu sa'a ga Sinawa da yawa, kamar bakwai a Turai da sauran wurare.  Wadannan jita -jita sun zama ruwan dare tsakanin Malaysian  da Sinawa na Indonesiya. 

Don bikin Lantern, abinci na musamman shine yuanxiao, kananan kwallaye na shinkafa mai tsami a cikin miya mai dadi . Lichun koyaushe yana faruwa kusa da Sabuwar Shekarar China ma. Ana yin bikin ta cin kek na bazara ( *chūnbǐng* ).
File:Nian gao.jpg | Niangao, kananan wainar shinkafa mai ɗorawa
File:Blessings for chinese new year.jpg | Tangerines tare da hongbao
File:Chinese_Dumplings.jpg | Kudancin kasar Sin
File:Egg rolls.jpg | Gwanin kwai
File:Offerings to the Gods.jpg | Kyautar gargajiya ta abinci, abin sha, da turare ga alloli, musamman allahn girki
 

## Manazarta