Stanley Bréhaut Ryerson

**Stanley Bréhaut Egerton Ryerson** (Maris 12, 1911 - 25 Afrilu 1998) masanin tarihin Kanada ne, malami, mai fafutukar siyasa. Iyayensa sune Edward Stanley Ryerson da Tessie De Vigne, dangin matsakaicin matsayi a Toronto. Kakan mahaifin Ryerson shine Egerton Ryerson, babban Methodist kuma malami a karni na sha tara Toronto. Kakarsa, Emily Eliza Beatty, surukarta ce ga William McDougall, ɗaya daga cikin Iyaye na Confederation; kuma, a gefen mahaifiyarsa, yana da alaƙa da Louis Antoine Bréhaut de l'Isle, Kwamandan Faransa a Trois-Rivières a 1638.

## Asalin ra'ayi
Don fahimtar jajircewarsa ga kwaminisanci dole ne mutum ya dubi lokacin karatunsa a Paris" id="mwFQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="University of Paris">Sorbonne a Paris a 1931. Yayinda yake halartar azuzuwan zuwa Diplomes d'Etudes Superieures tare da rubutun kan rubuce-rubucen marubucin Sicilian mai suna Giovanni Verga, Ryerson ya shiga cikin ayyukan kwaminisanci. Yayinda yake tafiya a Turai, ya fuskanci rikice-rikicen siyasa a cikin Spain da Italiya a farkon shekarun bakin ciki, kuma yayin da yake Paris ya shiga cikin jana'izar wanda ya tsira na karshe na Paris Commune na 1871 a Z. Camelinat . A wannan rana a cikin 1932, yayin da yake tafiya tare da wasu 200,000 zuwa Kabari na Père Lachaise, Ryerson ya ji mummunan haɗin kai tare da Hagu na Faransa. Kwarewarsa a Turai ya shafi hangen nesa game da duniyar jari-hujja kuma zai rubuta:

## A cikin Jam'iyyar Kwaminis

[./Communist_Party_of_&#x3C;i&#x20;id= al'ada" id="mwKA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Communist Party of Canada">Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Kanada], aƙalla a cikin shekarun 1930 da 40 ba ta da alaƙa da matsakaicin ɗaliban Kanada da kuma masu ilimi; tare da dawowarsa Kanada, Ryerson zai zama alama ce ta roƙon jam'iyyar ga wannan ɓangaren al'umma. Ryerson "ba shine kadai masanin gargajiya da ya shiga CPC ba, amma yana daya daga cikin na farko kuma tabbas ya zama mafi mahimmanci. "  Jam'iyyun Kwaminisanci na Burtaniya da Amurka, da sauran kasashe da yawa, na iya ƙidaya masu fasaha da masu ilimi da yawa a matsayin mambobi daga shekarun 1930 zuwa gaba; amma a Kanada, Ryerson mutum ne mai kaɗaici. Matsayinsa a cikin CPC, gami da saurin tashi a cikin matsayi na jam'iyya da kasancewarsa a cikin Kwamitin Tsakiya (CC) har zuwa 1969, an tabbatar da shi ta hanyar matsayinsa na musamman; matsayin da ya ba shi damar taka rawa a cikin "tarihin siyasa na Kwaminisanci na Kanada ba kamar na takwarorinsa na Amurka da Burtaniya ba. "  Ya kasance ɗan makaranta na tsakiya daga asalin da ke da dama a cikin ƙungiyar proletarian, kuma saboda haka kasancewarsa a ciki ba koyaushe ba ta sadu da amincewa ba. Amma, iliminsa ya sanya shi dukiya ga jam'iyyar, wanda zai zo da amfani a cikin shekaru masu zuwa.

## Masanin tarihin Marxist
Babban gudummawar Ryerson ya kasance a matsayin masanin tarihin Marxist kuma a nan ne Ryerson ya sami muryarsa. Kashewar kwaminisanci na Kanada gabaɗaya ya bayyana cewa shigo da shi ne na ƙasashen waje kuma saboda haka ba shi da tushe a cikin al'ummar Kanada. Ta hanyar jaddada yanayin ci gaba na Kanada da ya gabata, CPC na fatan tabbatar da ingancin wanzuwarsa a cikin al'ummar Kanada. A wannan lokacin, CPC ta buga labarai da litattafai da yawa, amma ba har sai da aka buga littafin Stanley Ryerson na 1837 a shekarar 1937: Haihuwar Dimokuradiyya ta Kanada, cewa cikakken nazarin Marxist game da tawaye na 1837 zai bayyana. Ya kamata a kalli 1837 a matsayin aikin Tarihin Marxist da aka rubuta don masu sauraro masu aiki ba don ilimi ba; tunda Ryerson ya rubuta wannan littafin don a iya amfani dashi azaman makami a cikin gwagwarmayar masu aiki don gina duniya daban-daban da mafi kyau.[1] Dalilin Ryerson na rubuta wannan littafin, kamar yadda yake da ma'anar duk ayyukansa, za'a iya taƙaita shi a matsayin bincike na tarihin Kanada tare da fatan ilimantar da ma'aikata, a ma'anar motsa jiki ne a cikin haɓaka sanin aji.

Zaɓin taken wannan littafin a cikin kansa wani abu ne mai ban sha'awa na ayyukan Popular Front na 1930 na CPC. An sadaukar da shi ga sojoji na Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion da ke fada a Yaƙin basasar Spain don kare Jamhuriyar Spain, an rubuta wannan littafin da fatan sake bayyana yanayin *juyin juya hali*. Ryerson ya yi magana game da dalilin 1837 a matsayin dalilin *Dimokuradiyya*; shawarar da ya yanke na sanya kalmar a cikin taken littafinsa, an yi shi ne da fatan bayar da shawarar cewa wannan yana nufin "democracy na bourgeois wanda zai maye gurbin ragowar oligarchy da kuma hangen nesa na daidaito a cikin al'umma mara aji wanda juyin juya halin proletarian ya kawo". Doyle ya yi jayayya cewa manufar Ryerson ce ta sake bayyana "dimokuradiyya," da kuma hanyar da muke magana game da abubuwan da suka faru na 1837 da ra'ayin juyin juya hali gaba ɗaya.

## Manazarta