open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Pranutan Bahl

**Pranutan Bahl** (an haife ta 10 ga watan  Maris  shekara ta 1993) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta  kasar Indiya kuma lauya ce mai sana'a, wacce ke aiki da farko a fina-finai na Hindi. 'Yar' yan wasan kwaikwayo Mohnish Bahl da Ekta Sohini,  Bahl ta fara yin wasan kwaikwayo tare da Notebook a shiekara ta  (2019) wanda ta sami gabatarwa don Kyautar Filmfare don Mafi Kyawun Mata. Tun daga wannan lokacin ta fito a cikin Helmet (2021) da *Amar Prem Ki Prem Kahani* (2024). 

## Rayuwa ta farko da asali
An haifi Bahl a ranar 10 ga Maris 1993 ga 'yan wasan kwaikwayo Mohnish Bahl da Ekta Sohini a Mumbai, Maharashtra .  Ita ce jikokin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Nutan da Rajnish Bahl .  Ita kuma jikokin Tanuja ce, 'yar'uwar Kajol da Tanisha Mukerji. Kakanninta na uwa sune Shobhna Samarth da Kumarsen Samarth, kuma kakanninta Rattan Bai ne. An ba ta suna *PraNutan* bayan kakarta, sanannen 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Nutan .

Ta kammala karatunta a fannin Kimiyya da Shari'a (BLS LLB) daga Mumbai Kwalejin Shari'a ta Gwamnati kuma ta sami digiri na Master of Laws (LLM) daga Jami'ar Mumbai, duka biyu a Mumbai. Bahl ƙwararren lauya ne.

## Ayyuka
Bahl ta fara aikinta ne tare da gajeren fim din Essential Like No Other, wanda ke nuna Kaira Khanna . 

Bahl ta fara fim a shekarar 2019 tare da Notebook a gaban Zaheer Iqbal . Ta nuna malamin Kashmiri, Firdaus Quadri . Wani mai sukar *Bollywood Hungama* ya lura, "Pranutan Bahl yana da ban sha'awa kuma yana da babban allo. "  Charu Thakur daga *Indiya A Yau* ya ce, "Ci gaba da sauƙin halayensu, Pranutan da Zaheer suna fitar da rashin laifi da ake buƙata".  Ta sami lambar yabo ta Screen Award for Best Female Debut da Filmfare Award for Best Debut Female nominations for her performance.

Bahl na gaba ya bayyana a fim din 2021 Helmet, a gaban Aparshakti Khurana .  Fim din yana ƙoƙari ya canza haramtacciyar doka da jinkirin da ke da alaƙa da amfani da kwaroron roba a Indiya. Ta nuna Rupali, yarinya wacce ke ba da shirye-shiryen furanni a bukukuwan aure. An sake shi a kan ZEE5.  *Deccan Herald* ya lura, "Pranutan, ya burge a wasu al'amuran amma ya cancanci rawar nama". Yayinda Times of India ta ce, "Ta nuna halinta da gamsarwa". 

Bayan shekaru biyu, Bahl ta buga wata yarinya mai suna Punjabi, Mandy wacce ke ƙaunar ɗan luwaɗi a gaban Sunny Singh. An saki fim din a kan JioCinema .  Rachit Gupta na Filmfare ta yi imanin cewa duk da karamin mayar da hankali ga halinta, tana ba da "mummunan aiki". 

Bahl zai zama tauraro na gaba a cikin fim din soyayya na Turanci-Hindi Coco & Nut a gaban Rahsaan Noor . 

## Hotunan fina-finai

### Fim din

### Bidiyo na kiɗa

## manazarta
Susan Casey

**Susan Casey** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1962) marubuciya ce a ƙasar Kanada. Ta kasance jagorar edita na Sports Illustrated Women da O, The Oprah Magazine kuma ta rubuta littattafai da yawa wadanda ba na almara ba ciki har da The Devil's Teeth game da sharks a cikin Greater Farallones National Marine Sanctuary a California.

## Rayuwa
An haifi Casey a Toronto. Ta zama darektan kirkirar mujallar Outside  kuma ta shiga abin da ke lokacin "Sports Illustrated for Women" a farkon 2001 a matsayin manajan edita. Duk da sake dawo da ita da kuma an zabi ta don lambar yabo ta National Magazine an dakatar da mata masu zane-zane a ƙarshen 2002 ta Time Inc. . 

Casey ta rubuta littattafai da yawa wadanda ba na almara ba. A shekara ta 2005 lokacin da take editan ci gaba na Time Inc., ta buga littafin da aka fi sayarwa, The Devil's Teeth: A True Story of Obsession and Survival Among America's Great White Sharks, game da manyan fararen sharks da ta lura daga Farallon Islands, kilomita 27 daga San Francisco. Ta lura da yawancin sharks waɗanda suke wani ɓangare na aikin bincike na masanin ilimin tsuntsaye Peter Pyle da Scot Anderson. Anderson ya yi nazarin sharks a cikin Greater Farallones National Marine Sanctuary na tsawon shekaru 25.

A shekara ta 2010 ta kasance babbar edita ta O, The Oprah Magazine lokacin da ta buga The Wave: In the Pursuit of the Rogues, Freaks and Giants of the Ocean . Littafin ya tattauna abubuwan da suka faru da shaidar manyan raƙuman ruwa waɗanda zasu iya zama ƙafa 90 a tsawo. Har ila yau, ta haɗa da wasan motsa jiki ta amfani da misalai na masu Hawan igiyar ruwa kamar Laird Hamilton waɗanda ke samun allon hawan igiyoyin su da jiragen ruwa zuwa saurin gudu don su iya hawa manyan raƙuman ruwa.[1] An yi mata tambayoyi a kan The Daily Show tare da Jon Stewart game da ita da littafin.

A cikin 2013 Casey ta tsaya a matsayin edita na O, The Oprah Magazine don ta iya rubuta littafi. Lucy Kaylin ce ta maye gurbin ta wacce aka inganta daga ma'aikatan mujallar. Littafin Casey na gaba, Voices in the Ocean, game da dolphins ne kuma an buga shi a cikin 2015. Ta bayyana kwarewar yin iyo tare da dolphins da kuma amfani da su ta mutane don nishaɗi da amfani. Ta yi hira da Lori Marino wanda ya gaya mata game da basirar waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa waɗanda ke da kwakwalwa mai rikitarwa fiye da mutane.

A cikin 2023, Casey ta buga The Underworld: Journeys to the Depths of the Ocean, bincike game da zurfin teku, tarihinta, masu gwagwarmayarta, da kuma bukatar gaggawa don kariya daga lalacewa. Da yake sha'awar asirin da kashi 98% na yanayinmu wanda ke cikin duhu ke riƙewa, Casey ya shafe shekaru yana binciken littafin, gami da zurfin nutsewa biyu a Hawaii da Caribbean.

## Manazarta
Alamar Gene

Sign Gene: The First Deaf Superheroes fim ne na jarumi na  shekara ta 2017 wanda Emilio Insolera ya rubuta, ya samar, ya ba da umarni kuma ya fito da shi. Labarin ya ta'allaka ne a kan wani wakili kurma, Tom Clerc (wanda Insolera ya buga), daga Birnin New York wanda ke dauke da maye gurbin kwayar halitta mai karfi. An aika shi zuwa Japan tare da abokin aikinsa, Ken Wong, don bincika laifuka da aka yi imanin cewa kurame na Japan ne suka aikata su. Haruffukan fim ɗin, duka masu laifi da wakilai, suna amfani da yaren kurame a matsayin ikon da suka fi na mutum. Fim din kuma taurari ne Carola Insolera, Ben Bahan, Hiroshi Vava, Humberto Insolera da Noboru Kuragawa.

Fim din ya yi nassoshi da yawa game da Tarihin kurame, al'adu, da ilimin harshe na kurame. Ana magana da harsuna shida kuma ana sanya hannu a cikin fim din: Turanci, Jafananci, Italiyanci, Harshen Kurame na Amurka, Harshen Kurame na Jafananci da Harshen Kurame na Italiyanci.

## Farko
Alamar kwayar halitta ce da ke cikin 29 kawai daga cikin kwayoyin halitta 300 da ke da alhakin haifar da kurma. Dukkanin kurame masu maye gurbin da ke dauke da wannan maye gurbin kwayar halitta sun zama jarumawa tare da ikon ƙirƙirar iko ta hanyar amfani da yaren kurame. Ana albarkace su da iko mai mahimmanci kamar su iya rufe ƙofofi ta hanyar sanya hannu kan kalmar 'kusa', ko kuma sanya hannayensu su zama makamai waɗanda zasu iya fitar da wuta ta hanyar sanya alamar kalmar 'makami'. 

## Makirci
Tom Clerc wakilin sirri ne kurma wanda ya fito ne daga dangin kurma masu yawa. Ya fito ne daga zuriyar Laurent Clerc, wanda ake la'akari da Uba na Kurame a Amurka. A cikin fim din, Laurent Clerc ya kawo yaren kurame zuwa Amurka ƙarni biyu da suka gabata. Tom yana dauke da SGx29, maye gurbin Sign Gene mai ƙarfi. Koyaya, ya rasa wani ɓangare na ikonsa yayin yaƙi da Jux Clerc, ɗan'uwan Tom kuma shugaban ƙungiyar 1.8.0., wata mugun kungiya da aka sadaukar don kawar da maye gurbin Sign Gene.

Hugh Denison shine shugaban Q.I.A. (QuinPar Intelligence Agency), wata hukuma da ke da alaƙa da Pentagon kuma ta ƙunshi zaɓaɓɓun wakilai tare da maye gurbin Sign Gene. Hugh ya aika Tom da abokin aikinsa, Ken Wong, zuwa Osaka, Japan. Ma'aurata sun ƙare da fada da ƙungiyar Jafananci karkashin jagorancin Tatsumi Fuwa. A lokacin da suka hadu da kungiyar, Ken da Tom sun koyi cewa za su iya cin nasarar rikici ne kawai ta hanyar bin hanyar Jafananci. Tare da tafiyarsa, Tom ya fahimci cewa ba a rasa ikonsa ba.

## Masu ba da labari

* Emilio Insolera a matsayin Tom Clerc, mutant tare da ikon mutum, zuriyar Laurent Clerc.
* Carola Insolera a matsayin Kate Massieu, zuriyar Jean Massieu, malamin kurma na farko.
* Ben Bahan a matsayin Hugh Denison, shugaban hukumar leken asiri ta QuinPar kuma zuriyar James Denison.
* Humberto Insolera a matsayin Jux Clerc, ɗan'uwan Tom kuma fuskar 1.8.8.0.  (Kungiyar Genealogy ta Duniya). Sunan kungiyar yana nuni da Taron Milan a 1880.
* Hiroshi Vava a matsayin Tatsumi Fuwa, shugaban ƙungiyar 'yan Japan.
* Danny Gong a matsayin Ken Wong, abokin aiki na Tom a Hukumar Leken Asiri ta QuinPar.
* Noboru Kurakawa a matsayin mai tsaron Tatsumi Fuwa

## manazarta
WrestleMania

**WrestleMania** wani taron kokawa ne na ƙwararru da ake gudanarwa kowace shekara tsakanin tsakiyar Maris zuwa tsakiyar Afrilu ta kamfanin Amurka WWE, babbar tallan kokawa ta duniya.  Tun lokacin da aka fara farawa a cikin 1985, an gudanar da abubuwan 40, tare da bugu na 40 na baya-bayan nan da ya faru a filin Lincoln Financial Field a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania akan Afrilu 6 da 7, 2024. WrestleMania shine farkon biyan kuɗi na WWE (PPV) wanda aka samar kuma shine mafi nasara kuma mafi dadewa-gudu ƙwararrun kokawa a tarihi.  An watsa taron ta hanyar PPV na gargajiya tun 1985 kuma ana samun ta ta hanyar raye-raye tun WrestleMania XXX a cikin 2014, wanda shine babban taron WWE na farko da ake samu ta wannan matsakaici.  WrestleMania tsohon shugaban zartarwa na WWE Vince McMahon ne ya kirkiro WrestleMania kuma mai sanar da zobe da WWE Hall of Famer Howard Finkel.  Yana da babban taron kamfanin kuma tare da Royal Rumble, SummerSlam, Survivor Series, da Money a cikin Bankin, ana kiransa ɗaya daga cikin "Big Five", manyan abubuwan shekara biyar na WWE na shekara.Nasarar kokawa ta WrestleMania ya taimaka canza gwagwarmayar ƙwararru.  Taron na shekara-shekara ya sauƙaƙa haɓakar tauraro na manyan kokawa na WWE da yawa.  Shahararrun mutane irin su Aretha Franklin, Cyndi Lauper, Muhammad Ali, Mr. T, Mike Tyson, Donald Trump, Floyd Mayweather Jr., Snoop Dogg, Rob Gronkowski, Shaquille O'Neal, da Bad Bunny, da dai sauransu, sun fito na musamman a cikin abubuwan da suka faru, tare da wasu sun shiga wasanni.

An gudanar da WrestleMania na farko a Lambun Madison Square a birnin New York;  an kuma gudanar da bugu na 10 da na 20 a wajen.  WrestleMania III a unguwar Detroit na Pontiac, Michigan, ita ce taron wasanni na cikin gida mafi girma a duniya, tare da magoya bayan 93,173 da suka halarta.  Rikodin ya tsaya har zuwa Fabrairu 14, 2010, lokacin da 2010 NBA All-Star Game ya karya rikodin wasannin cikin gida tare da halartar 108,713 a filin wasa na Cowboys, tun lokacin da aka sake masa suna AT&T Stadium, a Arlington, Texas. A cikin 2016, WrestleMania 32 ya zarce WrestleMania III a matsayin gasar kokawa mafi girma da aka taba gudanarwa a Amurka, tare da magoya bayan 101,763 da suka halarci filin wasa na AT&T, kodayake kamfanin ya bayyana cewa ana amfani da alkaluman masu halarta don tallace-tallace ta hanyar kiran masu saka jari.  An gudanar da dukkan bugu na taron a biranen Arewacin Amurka, tare da 38 a Amurka da biyu a Kanada. 

## Manazarta
Dana R. Carney

**Dana R. Carney**  Masaniyar ilimin halayyar dan adam ce ta Amurka. Ita ce farfesa a fannin kasuwanci a Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Haas a Jami'ar California, Berkeley .  Ita Barbara da Gerson Bakar Faculty Fellow ce, mai alaƙa da Sashen Ilimin Halitta kuma darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Mutum da Jama'a a Jami'ar California, Berkeley . 

## Ilimi da bincike
Yankin karatun Carney shine sadarwa ba tare da magana ba,   iko da matsayi,  da nuna bambancin launin fata da nuna bambanci. Ta wallafa fiye da labarai 50 a kan waɗannan batutuwa a cikin shekaru 10 a matsayin memba na kwaleji.  Kafin ta yi aiki a bangaren koyarwa a UC Berkeley ta kasance mataimakiyar farfesa a Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Jami'ar Columbia. Kafin Columbia ta yi amfani da lokaci a matsayin abokiyar postdoctoral a Harvard a Sashen Psychology tana aiki tare da Mahzarin Banaji, Wendy Berry Mendes, da Moshe Bar . Ta sami digirinta na PhD a cikin ilimin halayyar gwaji daga Jami'ar Arewa maso Gabas tana aiki tare da Judith A. Hall da C. Randall Colvin . Ta kuma sami digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Jihar California, Fullerton tana aiki tare da Jinni A. Harrigan da Ronald E. Riggio da BA daga Jami'ar San Francisco tana aiki tare le Maureen O'Sullivan . 

## Matsayi na iko
Carney itace babbar marubuciya abin da Amy Cuddy ta shahara. Tunanin sanya iko ya gina a kan wata takarda da Carney ya buga a shekara ta 2005 da ake kira "Beliefs about the nonverbal expression of social power" da kuma binciken da ake kira fuska feedback hypothesis (wanda ya zo karkashin wasu bincike don yiwuwar kasancewa karya tabbatacce binciken; duk da haka wani kwanan nan ya nuna cewa fuska feedback zato na iya zama gaskiya abu ne bayan duk). Bayan da aka yi amfani da shi da yawa game da aikin Carney, Carney ta sanya bayanin kula a shafin yanar gizon ta yana bayanin cewa ba ta yarda da tasirin ikon da ke nunawa a kan jiye-jiye, hormones, da halayyar haɗari. Wannan "matsayi a kan iko"  bayanin kula ya ba da gudummawa ga tattaunawar replicability a cikin kimiyyar halayyar mutum ta hanyar Carney kasancewa daga cikin rukunin farko na masana kimiyya na baya-bayan nan da suka bayyana a fili cewa ba su yi ba, bayan da aka gaza replications, suna da bangaskiya ga nasu bincike. An yaba wa Carney saboda shirye-shiryenta na bayyana shakkunta.

## Manazarta
Virginia Gardner

**Virginia Gardner** (An haife ta ranar 18 ga ga watan Afrilu, 1995 ) wacce aka fi sani da **Ginny Gardner**. Ƴar fim ce ta Amurka wacce ta fito a matsayin Karolina Dean a cikin jerin Hulu na asali na Marvel's Runaways (2017-2019), Vicky a cikin fim din David Gordon Green mai ban tsoro Halloween (2018) da Shiloh Hunter a cikin fim ɗin rayuwar Lionsgate Fall (2022).[3]

## Rayuwa da aiki

An haifi Gardner a Sacramento, California . Ta halarci makarantar Sacramento Country Day School daga makarantar sakandare zuwa aji na takwas. Ta shiga cikin yawancin shirye-shiryen makarantar sakandare. A shekara ta 2011, ta shiga makarantar kan layi lokacin da ta koma Los Angeles, amma sai ta zaɓi yin jarrabawar ƙwarewar makarantar sakandare ta California lokacin da aka ba ta izinin, a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2011. [1] Muradinta na yin aiki ya kasance ne saboda fim din Sean Penn na 2001 I Am Sam; "A cikin fim din, mahaifin Dakota Fanning yana da autism, kuma ina da ɗan'uwa da ke da autism kuma ina tunawa da kallon hakan a matsayin yarinya kuma yana da alaƙa da halinta da kuma abin da hakan ya shafa, "Gardner ya bayyana. "Wannan shi ne abin da ya sa na so in shiga wannan masana'antar kuma in yi abubuwan da zasu iya shafar mutane kuma mutane zasu iya danganta da su. " Tana da baƙar fata a cikin Taekwondo, kuma ta fara dambe da nunchucks. [2][3]

Gardner da farko ta zauna tare da mahaifiyarta don neman aikin cikakken lokaci. Gardner ta zauna tare da mahaifiyarta a shekara ta farko; duk da haka, da zarar ta fara samun nasara kuma ta iya sarrafa kanta, sai ta koma cikin gidanta kuma ta fara rayuwa da kanta. Bayan ta bayyana a jerin shirye-shiryen Disney Channel *Lab Rats*, ta dauki shekara guda daga yin wasan kwaikwayo don yin aiki a kan samfurin. Lokacin da ta shiga cikin samfurin, za ta daina yin wasan kwaikwayo, amma sai ta ji game da sauraron *Glee*. Ta yi samfurin Kohl's, Love Culture, HP, Hollister, LF, da Famous Footwear .  A cikin shekara ta 2015, Gardner ta fito a cikin fim din fiction na kimiyya mai ban tsoro Project Almanac a matsayin Christina Raskin, ƙanwar babban mutum. Fim din ya taimaka wa Gardner ta kafa kanta a Hollywood. A watan Fabrairun 2017, an ba da sanarwar cewa Gardner za ta fito a matsayin Karolina Dean a cikin Marvel's Runaways (2017), jerin asali na Hulu. Ta sami karbuwa sosai saboda yadda ta nuna jarumin LGBTQ. A watan Janairun 2018, an ba da sanarwar cewa Gardner za ta fito a matsayin Vicky a cikin fim din *Halloween* (2018), wanda ya biyo bayan fim din 1978 na wannan sunan.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Gardner ta bayyana kanta a matsayin mai fafutukar mata. A watan Agustan 2023, ta auri Jed Elliott, bassist na The Struts . 

## Jadawalin Fina-finai
### Fim

### Talabiji

## Kyaututtuka da Ayyanawa

## Manazarta
Patricia Carpenter (Masaniyar ilimin halayyar dan adam)

**Patricia A. Carpenter** Masaniyar ilimin halayyar dan adam ce wanda, tun daga shekara ta 1997, ya rike Farfesa na Lee da Marge Gregg na ilimin halayya a Jami'ar Carnegie Mellon .  Carpenter ya yi nazarin bambancin mutum a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar aiki,  ƙimar fahimta a cikin karatun sauri,  da kuma yadda kwakwalwa ke aiki yayin ayyukan fahimta masu rikitarwa ya bayyana a cikin hotunan magnetic resonance. Tare da Marcel Just, ta rubuta The Psychology of Reading and Language Comprehension (1987). 

## Ilimi da aiki
Carpenter ta sami Ph.D. a 1972 daga Jami'ar Stanford, kuma a kan samun digirin digirin ta ta shiga jami'ar Carnegie Mellon.

## Littattafan da aka zaɓa

* 
* 
* 

## Manazarta
Peggy G. Carr

**Peggy G. Carr** ƙwararriyar ƴar ƙasar Amirka ce a ɓangaren ilimin halayyar mutum da kididdiga ƙididdigal na ilimi. Ita ce kwamishinan Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimi ta Kasa .  

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
Carr Ba'amurke ne. An haife ta ne a cikin shekarun 1950s Cleveland, Ohio, inda iyayenta suka koma daga Arewacin Carolina a matsayin wani ɓangare na Babban Shige da Fice na Biyu, amma ba da daɗewa ba bayan ta fara karatunta iyalin suka koma gabashin Arewacin Carolina, inda ta halarci makarantun da suka haɗu da launin fata har ma kafin cikakken aiwatar da rarrabewar da Brown v. Hukumar Ilimi ta haifar.

Bayan wannan, ta yi karatu a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam a Jami'ar Arewacin Carolina ta Tsakiya, jami'ar baƙar fata ta tarihi, ta kammala karatu a 1976 tare da mai da hankali kan kididdiga. Ta ci gaba da karatunta tare da digiri na biyu (1978) da Ph.D. (1982) daga Jami'ar Howard, kuma baƙar fata ne a tarihi.

## Ayyuka da rayuwarsu ta baya
Carr ya zama mai bincike a Cibiyar Nazarin Kwamfuta da Nazarin Kimiyya a Jami'ar Howard, kuma ya koyar da kididdiga a matsayin mataimakin memba a can sama da shekaru 15. Ta shiga Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Amurka a matsayin babban mai lissafi na Ofishin 'Yancin Bil'adama, kuma ta koma Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimi ta Kasa a 1993.  Ta yi aiki a can a matsayin mataimakiyar kwamishinan kimantawa, sama da shekaru 20, kafin a shekarar 2021 shugaban kasar Joe Biden ya nada ta a matsayin kwamishinan cibiyar. Ta hanyar yin haka, ta zama "mutumin farko na launi a matsayin gudanarwa a Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimi ta Kasa, kuma daga cikin mutane na farko na launi da za a karɓa a matsayin wani ɓangare na Babban Jami'in Zartarwa na Tarayya a Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Amurka".

## Sanarwa
Carr ta sami lambar yabo ta shugaban kasa ta 2008 Meritorious Executive Rank Award, da kuma lambar yabo ta Golden Apple ta 2016 don sabis na musamman na Sakataren Ilimi. Ta kasance mai karɓar Kyautar Ayyukan Jama'a ta 2022 na Ƙungiyar Binciken Ilimi ta Amirka .  

## Manazarta
Peggy Carr

**Peggy Carr ** (an haife ta a shekara ta ) 'yar jaridar Vincentian ce, mawaki, kuma diflomasiyya. Yanzu tana zaune a Taiwan, ta yi aiki a matsayin wakilin Saint Vincent da Grenadines a kasar.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Carr a Saint Vincent a kusa da shekara ta 1955. Ta girma a wani karamin ƙauye kuma, kodayake mahaifiyarta tana aiki a cikin birni, tana zaune a gona tare da kakanninta. Ta fara rubuta waka tun tana ƙarama.

A matsayinta na 'yar jarida, Carr ta yi aiki a matsayin jami'in Hukumar Bayanan Jama'a, tsohon Hukumar Bayanan Gwamnati, a Saint Vincent da Grenadines .  Bayan ta ziyarci Taiwan sau da yawa, ta koma can a shekara ta 2000. Ta yi aiki a kafofin watsa labarai a can, ciki har da a matsayin edita a Cibiyar Labaran Tsakiya.

Baya ga aikinta a matsayin 'yar jarida, Carr ta yi aiki a matsayin wakilin da ba na hukuma ba daga Saint Vincent da Grenadines zuwa Taiwan na shekaru da yawa, kafin a bude ofishin jakadancin a hukumance a cikin 2019  . Kokarinta ya haɗa da taimaka wa ɗaliban Vincentian a Taiwan su daidaita da al'adun yankin. Bayan bude ofishin jakadancin, an kira Carr jakadan al'adu na Saint Vincent da Grenadines a ƙarshen 2019.  

An buga waƙoƙin Carr a cikin litattafai da yawa ciki har da Creation Fire: A CAFRA Anthology of Caribbean Women's Poetry, Caribbean Poetry Now, da Oxford Book of Caribbean Verse a cikin 2005. An buga tarin sa na farko, Echoes from a Lonely Nightwatch, a shekarar 1989, sannan Fresh Tracks in an Ancient Land a 1996 da Honey and Lime a shekara ta 2006.  

Littafinta na farko, Shape of a Warrior, wani aiki na tarihin tarihin matasa, an buga shi a watan Oktoba 2020 ta gidan Emmanuel Publishing House na Dominica.

Carr da farko tana rubutu a Turanci, amma littafinta Honey and Lime kuma ya ƙunshi wani sashi a cikin Vincentian Creole . 

A cikin 2014, BBC Radio Scotland ta zaɓi waka mai suna "Flight of the Firstborn" don wakiltar Saint Vincent da Grenadines a cikin jerin "Poetry Postcards".

## Ayyukan da aka zaɓa

* Sakamakon daga Lonely Nightwatch (1989) 
* Sabbin Waƙoƙi a cikin Tsohon Ƙasa (1996) 
* *Zuma da Lime* (2006) 

## Manazarta
Lonnie Carton

**Lonnie Carton** (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Agusta, 1930) likita ne na iyali kuma mai ba da shawara kan ilimi  wanda aka fi sani da "The Learning Center", wani fasalin yau da kullun na CBS Radio wanda ya ba da dabarun samun nasara ga iyaye. 

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Carton a Baltimore a ranar 25 ga watan Agusta, 1930. Ta girma a Baltimore kuma ta halarci Jami'ar Johns Hopkins, inda ta sami digiri na farko a shekarar 1950. Daga baya ta sami digiri na PhD daga Jami'ar Jihar Pennsylvania a shekarar 1959.

Ta yi aiki a matsayin farfesa a fannin ilimin halayyar ilimi a Jami'ar Tufts 

Carton kuma yana aiki a matsayin memba na Anheuser-Busch "Family Talk About Drinking" Advisory Panel da kuma mai karɓar bakuncin sanannen "Famly Talk about Drinking" Video. 

## Littattafai
An buga *Cibiyar Ilimi* a Boston, inda aka ji ta a tashar WEEI .  A farkon shekarun 1990s, wasan kwaikwayon ta koma WBZ Radio.

Littafin Carton *A'a kalma ce ta soyayya* tana rufe lokacin da iyaye ya kamata kuma bai kamata su ce a'a ga yaransu ba.  &#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup>

CD ɗin Carton "Parenting Preschoolers from the Park Bench" jagorar sauti ce wacce ke da'awar bayar da dabarun ga iyaye waɗanda ke son koyon yadda za su tayar da yara masu lafiya a jiki, zamantakewa, da kuma motsin rai.  <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;**'&#x5D;

Carton ta fara rubutun ra'ayin kanka a yanar gizo a shekara ta 2009, ta sauya aikinta na kafofin watsa labarai da bugawa a kan layi don jagorantar iyaye da yara a cikin shekaru masu girma da kuma karfafa kyakkyawar dangantakar iyaye da yara.  &#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Kyaututtuka
Carton ta sami lambar yabo ta National Media Award na American Psychological Association don nuna godiya ga "babban gudummawar da ta bayar ga ci gaban ilimin halayyar dan adam a matsayin kimiyya, sana'a da kuma hanyar inganta jin dadin ɗan adam".

## Manazarta
An Yangfeng

**An Yangfeng** (an haifeta ranar 1 ga watan Satumba, 1963)  ƴar wasan dara ce ta kasar Sin, wanda ke riƙe da kambon (Women International Master). Ta yi takara a cikin gasa guda biyu na Mata na Interzonal, a Havana a 1985 da kuma a Smederevska Palanka a 1987 .

An ta kasance memba na tawagar kasar Sin a gasar Chess ta mata sau hudu a 1980-1986. Ta buga wasanni 53 inda ta ci kwallaye 28, 13 draw, da kuma asarar 12.

An Yangfeng yana taka leda a kungiyar Guangdong chess a cikin China Chess League (CCL). 

## Dubi kuma

* Chess a kasar Sin

## Manazarta
Kimberly Wright Cassidy

**Kimberly Wright Cassidy** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1963) masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam ne na Amurka. An nada ta a matsayin shugabar ta tara ta Kwalejin Bryn Mawr a ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, 2014  kuma an kaddamar da ita a ranar 20 ga Satumba, 2014.  Ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar wucin gadi tun lokacin da Jane Dammen McAuliffe ta ƙare wa'adin ta a matsayin shugabi a ranar 30 ga Yuni, 2013. 

## Ilimi
Cassidy ta sami digiri na biyu da Ph.D. a cikin ilimin halayyar dan adam daga Jami'ar Pennsylvania kuma ta sami digiri ya farko tare da bambanci a cikin ilimin ilimin halayya daga Kwalejin Swarthmore . Kimberly Cassidy ta shiga bangaren Bryn Mawr a Sashen Ilimin Halitta a 1993, kuma ta kasance Shugaban Sashen Ilimi na Bryn Ma wr daga 2004 zuwa 2007. Ta kasance Provost daga 2007 har sai da ta zama Shugaba na wucin gadi a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2013. 

## Ayyuka
Cassidy ta shiga bangaren Bryn Mawr a Sashen Ilimin Halitta a 1993, kuma ta kasance Shugaban Sashen Ilimi na Bryn Ma wr daga 2004 zuwa 2007. Ta kasance Provost daga 2007 har sai da ta zama Shugaba na wucin gadi a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2013. 

## Ayyukan da aka zaɓa

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## Manazarta
Marie Chapian

**Marie Chapian** (wanda aka fi sani da **Marie Giordano** da **Marie Jordan** ) marubuciya ce ta Amurka kuma mai karɓar bakuncin hidimar rediyo. An san ta da rubuce-rubucenta game da Shirye-shiryen abinci na Kirista, wallafe-wallafen ibada na Kirista, da kuma rubuce-wallafe na rubuce-daban.

## Ayyuka
An san Chapian da rubuce-rubucen kiristanci, rubuce-buce na kiwon lafiya da lafiya, da kuma rubuce-rukuncen tarihin kansa. Ta kuma rubuta littafi daya, *Ina son ka kamar tumatir* wanda ta buga a matsayin Marie Giordano .  Ta rubuta jerin littattafai game da shirye-shiryen abinci na Kirista, ciki har da Free to Be Thin wanda ta rubuta tare da Neva Coyle a shekarar 1979. An buga bugu na biyu, All new free to be thin a cikin 1994,  tare da Akwai fiye da kasancewa mai laushi fiye da kasancewa m.  Ta kirkiro bidiyon *Blessercize* aerobics, Fun To Be Fit, wanda aka saita waƙoƙin Kirista. Chapian ya rubuta littattafan ibada na Kirista, ciki har da Mothers & daughters  da kuma *Tunaninsa game da ni* wanda aka buga a Turanci da Rasha.  A shekara ta 1988 ta lashe lambar yabo ta littafin Gold Medallion daga kungiyar masu wallafa bisharar Kirista don littafinta Am I the only one here with faded genes?. Ta lashe lambar yabo ta Cornerstone Book of the Year da lambar yabo ta Silver Angel.   &#x5B;**&#x5D;

Chapian ta rubuta tarihin rayuwa. Cathleen Mae Webb ta amince da rubuta littafi tare da Chapian game da dalilin da ya sa ta janye zargin da ta yi wa Gary Dotson fyade da satar mutane. Littafin da ya biyo baya, Forgive Me, an buga shi a shekarar 1985. Ta kuma rubuta littattafai tare da Gavin MacLeod da Robert Sadler.

## Littattafan da aka zaɓa

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## Manazarta
Tara M. Chaplin

**Tara McConnell Chaplin** Masaniyar ilimin halayyar dan adam ce ta Amurka.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Chaplin kuma ta girma a Montville, New Jersey ta iyaye Dolcey da James Chaplin kuma sun kammala karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Ridgewood .  Bayan makarantar sakandare, ta halarci Jami'ar Delaware don digiri na farko a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam da Jami'ar Jihar Penn don PhD a fannin halayyar yara. Tare da digiri na digiri, Chaplin ta sami matsayi na post-doctoral a Jami'ar Yale .

## Ayyuka
Bayan kammala karatunta na digiri, an kara Chaplin zuwa Mataimakin Masanin Bincike da mataimakin farfesa na ilimin halayyar dan adam a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Yale .  A matsayinta na Mataimakin Masanin Bincike, ta jagoranci binciken da ke nazarin bambance-bambance tsakanin maza da mata game da cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da damuwa. Chaplin ya kammala cewa mata suna da yawan baƙin ciki fiye da maza, waɗanda galibi suna fuskantar yawan cututtukan amfani da barasa. A shekara mai zuwa, ta sami tallafin shekaru biyar na $ 774,714 daga Cibiyoyin Lafiya na Kasa don tallafawa bincike kan Jima'i, Motsin rai, da Hadari don Cin zarafin Matasa. Ta yi aiki tare da Amelia Aldao na Jami'ar Jihar Ohio don bincika yadda martani na yara ya bambanta dangane da wanda ke lura da su. Sun kammala cewa lokacin da yara ke kusa da iyayensu, suna sarrafa motsin zuciyarsu ƙasa da lokacin da takwarorinsu ke kewaye da su.

Chaplin daga ƙarshe ya bar Jami'ar Yale a 2013 don karɓar mataimakin farfesa na ilimin halayyar dan adam a Jami'ar George Mason (GMU).  A GMU, tana gudanar da Lab na Matasa kuma tana ci gaba da mai da hankali kan rawar da "jima'i da tsarin motsin rai ke takawa a ci gaban ilimin halayyar mutum da cin zarafin miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin yara da matasa. "  A cikin 2018, ta sami tallafin shekaru biyar, dala miliyan 2.5 don nazarin abubuwan da ke haifar da hasashen abubuwan da suka shafi cin zarafin barasa a cikin tsarin kwakwalwar matasa yayin da suke tafiya ta hanyar balagayi. 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Chaplin da mijinta suna da ɗa guda tare.

## Manazarta
Tanya Chartrand

**Tanya L. Chartrand** Masaniyar ilimin halayyar jama'a ce da aka sani da bincikenta game da halayyar mabukaci da kuma hanyoyin da ba su da hankali da ke rinjayar motsin rai, fahimta, da halayya. Chartrand shi ne Roy J. Bostock Marketing Farfesa kuma Farfesa na Psychology da Neuroscience a Jami'ar Duke.

Ita da mai ba da shawara na digiri, John Bargh, an ambaci su sosai saboda binciken da suka yi a kan kwaikwayon zamantakewa,  wanda suka kira tasirin chameleon. 

## Tarihin rayuwa
Chartrand ta kammala digiri na BS a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam da Mutanen Espanya a Jami'ar Santa Clara a shekarar 1994. Ta halarci makarantar digiri a Jami'ar New York inda ta sami MA a 1996 da Ph.D. a cikin Social Psychology tare da mai da hankali a cikin Quantitative Psychology a 1999. Rubutun ta yana da taken "Sakamakon nasara da gazawar neman burin kai tsaye don yanayi, ingancin kai, da kuma aikin da ya biyo baya".

Chartrand ta kasance mataimakiyar farfesan ilimin halayyar dan adam a Jami'ar Jihar Ohio daga 1999 zuwa 2003 kafin ta shiga Faculty of the Department of Psychology and Neuroscience da kuma Department of Business Administration a Jami'an Duke a 2003. Ta zama farfesa a fannin Gudanar da Kasuwanci daga 2008 zuwa 2011. Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Kasa ce ta ba da kuɗin binciken Chartrand.

## Bincike
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan batutuwa da Chartrand da abokan aikinta suka bincika shine halayyar mabukaci. Wannan na iya haɗawa da nazarin yadda mutane ke biyan kuɗi don nagarta da sabis da kuma yadda yake tasiri ga tunaninsu, ji, da kuma halayyar motsin rai ga samfurin da kuma halayen sayen su na gaba. Chartrand ta kuma yi nazarin halayyar da ba ta magana ba da kuma yadda muke sadarwa tare da wasu ta hanyar harshe na jiki. Wannan yana da alaƙa da aikinta a kan aikin da ba a sani ba saboda muna aiki ba tare da tunani ba, wanda zai iya ba da saƙo ga wasu wanda za'a iya yi niyya ko ba da gangan ba dangane da motsin zuciyarmu.

Yankin binciken Chartrand ta kewaye da ra'ayin atomatik, tunani mara hankali. Ɗaya daga cikin labaran da aka fi ambata ya mai da hankali kan sarrafa kansa tare da manyan ra'ayoyi guda uku: tasirin atomatik akan fahimta, bin burin atomatik, da kimantawa ta atomatik na abubuwan da mutum ya samu. Chartrand da abokan aikinta sun kammala cewa tsarin tunani mara hankali yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin aikin tunani da jin daɗin ɗan adam. Idan waɗannan tsarin ba su yi wasa a cikin zukatanmu ba, za mu kasa kiyaye ƙafafunmu a ƙasa, kuma mu rasa hanyar yanayinmu na yanzu.

## Manazarta
Patricia Cheng

**Patricia Wenjie Cheng** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1952) masanin ilimin halayyar dan kasar Sin ce. Ita ce babbar mai bincike a fannin ilimin halayyar mutum wanda ke aiki a kan tunanin ɗan adam. An fi saninta da aikinta na ilimin halayyar dan adam game da fahimtar mutum game da haddasawa. "Ka'idar ikonta na tsarin bambancin yiwuwar," ko ka'idar PC mai iko (1997)  ta nuna cewa mutane suna tace abubuwan da suka faru ta hanyar imani na asali cewa abubuwan da ke haifar da ikon samarwa (ko hana) tasirin su, don haka suna ƙaddamar da takamaiman alaƙar sakamako-tasiri.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Cheng a Hong Kong a shekara ta 1952. Ta sami B.A. daga Kwalejin Barnard, da PhD a cikin Psychology daga Jami'ar Michigan a shekarar 1980.  Daga nan sai ta koyar a Jami'ar kasar Sin ta Hong Kong .  Bayan horo na post-doctoral a Sashen Kimiyya na Kwamfuta a Jami'ar Carnegie-Mellon, ta shiga bangaren Jami'ar California, Los Angeles a 1986, inda yanzu ta zama Farfesa a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam. Cheng ta sami tallafi daga Gidauniyar Tunawa da John Simon Guggenheim a shekara ta 2000. Har ila yau, ita ce Fellow na Association for Psychological Science . 

## Ayyukan da aka zaɓa

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* 

## Dubi kuma

* Dalilin da ya haifar

## Manazarta
Gloria Chisum

**Gloria Twine Chisum** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1930 a Muskogee, Oklahoma)  masaniyar ilimin halayyar dan adam ce wadda daga ƙarshe ta zama memba ta kwamitin American Psychological Association, tsakanin sauran kungiyoyi da yawa. Kwararre a cikin matsalolin gani da ke da alaƙa da aikin jirgin sama mai ƙarfi, ta haɓaka kayan ido don kare idanun matukan jirgi a cikin matsanancin yanayi kamar juyawa mai kaifi, walƙiya, ko fashewar nukiliya.

## Ilimi
Chisum ta sami BS (1951) da MS (1953), a cikin ilimin halayyar dan adam daga Jami'ar Howard . A lokacin da take karatun digiri ta yi alkawarin Alpha Kappa Alpha kuma ta kasance wani ɓangare na Howard University Players, ƙungiyar ban mamaki da dalibai ke gudanarwa. A shekara ta 1960, ta sami digirin digirgir daga Jami'ar Pennsylvania .  An yi wa rubutunta taken "Transposition as a Function of the Number of Test Trials".

## Ayyuka
A cikin 1958-1968, Chisum ta koyar da ilimin halayyar dan adam a Jami'ar Pennsylvania . Daga 1960 zuwa 1965, ta yi bincike kan ilimin halayyar dan adam a Cibiyar Ci gaban Jirgin Ruwa. Ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar dakin gwaje-gwaje na hangen nesa daga 1965 zuwa 1980, kuma daga baya ta zama shugabar kungiyar Binciken Halitta ta Muhalli. Ta kuma kasance memba na kwamitin kungiyoyi da yawa, ciki har da (amma ba a iyakance ta ba) Gidauniyar Arthritis ta Gabashin Pennsylvania da Aerospace Medical Association, American Psychological Association, da Optical Society of America .

Binciken da ta yi ya haifar da ci gaban gani ga matukan jirgi kamar kayan kariya. Musamman, aikinta ya mayar da hankali kan kirkirar tabarau masu kariya waɗanda za su taimaka wa matukan jirgi su tsayayya da matsanancin yanayin da aka samu yayin jirgin ciki har da asarar hangen nesa a lokacin juyawa mai kaifi da walƙiya mai haske (kamar waɗanda zasu iya faruwa a lokacin walƙiya ko fashewar nukiliya),  gami da aikin da aka gabatar a taron NATO. Littattafanta sun haɗa da littafi na 1975 game da kimantawar dakin gwaje-gwaje na AN / PVS-5 ido na dare  da kuma littafi na 1978 game da kariya ta ido na laser ga ma'aikatan jirgin. 

Chisum ita ce mace ta farko ta Afirka da ta shiga Kwamitin Amintattun Jami'ar Pennsylvania . 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
A garinsu na Muskogee, OK, a ranar 10 ga Satumba, 1955 Chisum ta auri Melvin J. "Jack" Chisum (ya mutu a ranar 22 ga Oktoba, 2014). Dukansu sun yi aiki a matsayin kujerun Jami'ar Pennsylvania ta Harrison Society .  Garin Twine, Oklahoma an sanya masa suna ne bayan kakan Chisum.

## Daraja

* Kyautar Raymond F. Longacre ta Aerospace Medical Association a 1979 
* Kyautar Alumni ta Jami'ar Pennsylvania 
* An shigar da shi a Oklahoma Hall of Fame, 1984 

## Manazarta
Hakkin Jima'i

**Hakkin Jima'i** (wanda aka buga a matsayin The Hakkin Jima'i: Feminism in the Twenty-first Century a Amurka) tarin rubutun mata ne na 2021 wanda ba na almara ba ne na Amia Srinivasan .

## Takaitaccen Bayani
Srinivasan ya bayyana cewa The Right to Sex "littafi ne na rubutun mata - game da fyade da zalunci na launin fata, batsa da intanet, aikin jima'i da ɗaurin kurkuku, jin daɗi da iko, jima'i le koyarwa, ka'idodin sha'awar jima'i, da jima'i Da kuma jihar. "  Batutuwan da aka rufe sun haɗa da tasirin nuna bambanci da tsammanin shugabanci akan sha'awar jinsi, ƙarfafa irin waɗannan ƙa'idodi ta hanyar rashin zargi da hotunan batsa na kan layi, da kuma sakamakon rashin amfani da dogaro da ɗaurin kan ɗaurin kurkukun.&nbsp;

## Karɓuwa
Littafin yana da sake dubawa 12 "rave", sake dubawa tara "mai kyau", sake duban biyar "haɗe-haɗe", da kuma sake dubawa guda ɗaya "pan" bisa ga mai tarawa Book Marks.

## Manazarta
Men Who Hate Women (Bates book)

**Men Who Hate Women** littafi ne na 2020 wanda Laura Bates ta rubuta.

## Karɓuwa mai mahimmanci
*[[The Guardian]]* ya rubuta "Domin wannan littafi mai ban tsoro da buɗe ido, Bates ya sauka cikin babbar tsarin datti na kan layi na misogyny, kuma ya dawo da rubutun da ya dace da damuwa. Amma da farko tana jagorantar mai karatu ta hanyar da'irori daban-daban na jahannama. Dangane da shekarun da ta samu na kewaya duniyar kan layi na misogyny da incels, Bates' Men Who Hate Women yana bincika ainihin son zuciya da tashin hankali ga mata.

NPR ta ce "Mutanen da suka ƙi Mata, waɗanda suka buga ɗakunan Amurka a wannan watan amma an buga su a baya a Burtaniya, sau da yawa suna da ban tsoro; jagora marar iyaka ga mummunar mummunar tashin hankali na shekaru goma da suka gabata ko haka".

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Simon & Schuster
Majalisar Mata ta Kasar Burtaniya

**Majalisar Mata ta Kasa** ta wanzu don daidaita kokarin son rai na mata a duk faɗin Burtaniya. An kafa shi a matsayin **Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Mata ta Kasa**, ya ce zai "yi da tausayi ga tunani da manufa tsakanin matan Burtaniya da Ireland".

## Tarihi
An kafa shi a shekara ta 1895. Ya canza sunansa zuwa Majalisar Mata ta Burtaniya da Ireland a 1918. A cikin 1928 ta canza sunanta zuwa Majalisar Mata ta Burtaniya. 

Ya goyi bayan aikin Kwamitin Yunkurin Biya Daidaitawa 1941-1956. 

Ana gudanar da tarihinsa na farko a Jami'ar Metropolitan ta London: Trades Union Congress Library Collections .

H. Pearl Adam ya buga Mata a Majalisar, tarihin Majalisar Mata ta Burtaniya, a cikin 1945.

## Shahararrun mambobi

### Shugabannin

: 1895: Louise Creighton 
: 1897: Misis Alfred Booth
: 1899:
: 1900: Misis Arthur Lyttelton 
: 1901: Misis Arthur Lyttelton 
: 1902: Lady Constance Battersea
: 1903: Mary Clifford 
: 1905: Elizabeth Cadbury 
: 1907: Misis Edwin Gray 
: 1909:
: 1910: Lady Laura Ridding 
: 1911: Misis Alan Bright 
: 1913:
: 1916: Maria Ogilvie Gordon 
: 1920: Maud Palmer, Countess na Selborne 
: 1921: Frances Balfour 
: 1923: Misis George Morgan 
: 1925: Henrietta Franklin 
: 1928: Florence Ada Keynes 
: 1931: Lady Trustram Eve 
: 1933: Eva Hartree 
: 1937: Ruth Balfour 
: 1938: A. F. Johnston 
: 1940: E. Wilhelmina Ness 
: 1941: Gida Peel 
: 1943: E. Wilhelmina Ness 
: 1945:
: 1953: Kathleen Freeman 
: 1955: Misis Stanley Moffat 
: 1957: Eva Isaacs, Marchioness na Reading 
: 1959: Joan Robins 
: 1962: Norah Dean 
: 1964: Kathleen Baxter 
: 1966: Joan Boulind 
: 1968: Guinevere Tilney
: 1970:
: 1972: Margaret Lampard 
: 1974: Kay Fox 
: 1976: Helen Waldsax 
: 1978: Diane Reid 
: 1980: Margaret Wingfield 
: 1984: Mary Mayne 
: 1986: Evelyn Fairfax Martin 
: 1988: Rosalind Preston 
: 1990: Elizabeth Bavidge 
: 1992: Patience Purdy 
: 1994: Jean Clark 
: 1996:
: 2008: Sheila Eaton 
: 2012: Elsie Leadley 
: 2014: Gwenda Nicholas 
: 2017: Andrena Telford 

### Sauran mambobi
Manyan mambobi sun hada da:

* Henrietta Barnett
* Nina Boyle
* Lucy Cavendish
* Emily Janes
* Antonella Kerr, Marchioness na Lothian
* Margaret MacDonald
* Ray Michie, Baroness Michie na Gallanach
* Dorothy Peto
* Guinevere Tilney
* Laura Veale - wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban reshen Harrogate
* Beatrice Webb
* Florence White mai laushi
* Margaret Wintringham

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Majalisar Mata ta Kasa ta Burtaniya
Marsel Efroimski

**Marsel Efroimski** (Ibraniyawa; an haife ta a ranar 13 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1995) kuma ita 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce na kasar Isra'ila. FIDE ta ba ta lambar yabo ta International Master (IM) a shekara ta 2021.

A halin yanzu (Disamba 2021) ita ce babbar 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Isra'ila ne. 

ya gabatar da ita ga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a garinsu na Kfar Saba, kuma tana fafatawa a duniya tun 2007. Iyayenta sun yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila daga tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet . 

Efroimski ya lashe gasar zakarun matasa ta duniya sau biyu, a cikin 'yan mata na kasa da shekaru 12 a Kemer a 2007 da kuma 'yan mata a Ƙarƙashin shekaru 14 a Antalya a 2009,  da kuma gasar zakarar matasa ta Turai a cikin 'Yan mata na kasa le shekaru 14 a Fermo a 2009. A gasar zakarun matasa ta Turai ta 'yan kasa da shekara 16 a Albena 2011 Efroimski ya zira kwallaye 7 daga cikin maki 9 kuma ya kulla matsayi na farko tare da wasu' yan wasa hudu. An ba ta lambar yabo ta uku a kan tiebreaks . 

Ta wakilci Isra'ila a gasar Chess ta mata a Dresden 2008,  a Khanty-Mansiysk 2010,  a Istanbul 2012  a Baku 2016,  da kuma Batumi 2018. An ba ta lambar yabo ta FIDE Master a shekara ta 2008, lambar yabo ta Woman International Master a shekara de 2011, da kuma lambar yabo ta Women Grandmaster (WGM) a shekara ta 2016. 

## manazarta
Adriana Nikolova

**Adriana Kostadinova Nikolova** (Bulgarian Cyrillic: Адриана Костадинова Николова; an haife ta a ranar 8 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1988)kuma ita 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Bulgarian wacce ke riƙe da Taken FIDE na Woman Grandmaster (WGM). Ita ce sabuwar kungiyar WGM ta Bulgaria kuma kungiyarta ta chess ita ce Lokomotiv 2000 daga Plovdiv,  tare da ita ta lashe gasar zakarun kasa uku.

A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2008, Nikolova ta sami taken Woman International Master (WIM). Ya zuwa yanzu ta wakilci kasar ta a manyan gasar zakarun kwallon kafa guda shida: gasar zakarar kwallon kafa ta Turai, wacce aka gudanar a Novi Sad a shekarar 2009 (ta zira kwallaye 1.5/7 a kan kwamitin 2),  gasar zakarwar kwallon kafa ta 2010 a Khanty-Mansiysk (ta kai 5/9 a kan kwallaye 3),  gasar zakarurwar kwallon kafa na Turai ta 2011 da aka shirya a wurin shakatawa na Porto Carras a Girka (tawar 4.5/7 a kan kwamiti 4),  Chess Olympiad da kuma a Istanbul (tafin karshe da maki 5/9 a kwallaye ta Tromsad 3), [3] a matsayin maki 3),

A watan Yulin 2011, ta sami lambar yabo ta zinare da takardar shaidar hukuma don girmama nasarorin da ta samu wajen zama mace mai girma.  Nikolova ta kuma lashe gasar zakarun mata ta Bulgarian Chess ta 2011 (ta zira kwallaye 9/11).

## manazarta
Claudia Amura

**Claudia Noemí Amura** (an haife ta a ranar 26 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1970)mai shabwar dara Argentina wacce ke riƙe da taken Woman Grandmaster .

An haife ta ne a Buenos Aires, Amura ta koyi yadda ake buga wasan chess lokacin da take 'yar shekara bakwai. A lokacin da take da shekaru 13 ta lashe gasar zakarun matasa a kasar Argentina a kan yawancin yara maza.

Ita ce ta farko ta Iberoamerica da ta sami lambar yabo ta FIDE ta Woman Grandmaster (WGM) kuma ta tashi zuwa matsayi na 12 a cikin matsayi na mata na FIDE a shekarar 1991. Ta lashe gasar zakarun mata ta Pan American a Venezuela 1997 da kuma gasar zakaruna biyar na mata ta Kudancin Amurka (1990, 1992, 1994, 1996, 1998, 1999). 

Amura ta lashe gasar zakarun mata ta Argentina sau biyar (1985, 1987, 1988, 1989, 2014) kuma ta taka leda a gasar zakarar mata sau takwas (1988, 1990, 1992, 1994, 1998, 2008, 2010, 2014 ). A Novi Sad 1990 ta lashe lambar azurfa ta mutum a kan allon farko. 

Lokacin da take wasa da maza, ta lashe Grand Prix Open 1990 a Buenos Aires da kuma gasar zakarun Buenos Aires 1992.  Ta kuma taka leda a gasar zakarun Argentina uku.

Amura ya rubuta ginshiƙan chess ga jaridu na Argentina La Nación, Página/12 da El Liberal . Mijinta shi ne Gilberto Hernández . 

## manazarta
Caroline Gombakomba

**Caroline Netsai Gombakomba** (Afrilu 7, 1968 - Disamba 18, 2008) 'yar jarida ce ta gidan rediyon Zimbabwe. Bayan ta yi aiki a Gidan Watsa Labarai na Zimbabuwe Gombakomba ta bar ƙasarta saboda takurawa na siyasa inda daga bisani ta zauna a Amurka, inda ta yi aiki a 7 Studio na Muryar Amurka.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Caroline Gombakomba a shekara ta 1968 a yankin Harare a yanzu.  Ta sami digiri na farko a fannin ilimin zamantakewa daga Jami'ar Zimbabwe, wacce a lokacin ita ce babbar cibiya ta manyan makarantu a ƙasar, a cikin shekara ta 1990. 

A farkon shekarun 1990, ta fara aiki a matsayin mai ba da labarai na shirye-shiryen "Newsreel" da "Newsbeat" na Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Gwamnatin Zimbabwe.    Daga baya, saboda tsoron rayuwarta yayin da kafofin watsa labarai na gwamnati suka ƙara yin siyasa, ta bar ƙasarta a shekarar 2001, ta fara zama a Toronto, Kanada, daga baya kuma a Amurka.  

Tun daga shekarar 2003, Bombakomba ta ba da rahoto kuma ta shirya shirye-shiryen 7 Studio na Muryar Amurka a Zimbabwe.   Watsa shirye-shiryen sun haɗa da sanar da labarin a cikin harshen mahaifiyarta na Shona.  Ayyukanta sun haɗa da ci gaba da ɗaukar batutuwan lafiya, kamar HIV/AIDS, a Zimbabwe.  Ta kuma jagoranci ɗaukar hoto game da ƙoƙarin share faɗuwar jama'a da ake kira Operation Murambatsvina a cikin shekarar 2005, tana samun babban yabo daga Ƙungiyar Masu Watsa Labarai ta Duniya.   A wannan shekarar ne gwamnatin Zimbabwe ta yi yunkurin kwace fasfo ɗinta tare da hana ta tafiya.  

Gombakomba Kirista ce mai sadaukarwa a duk rayuwarta.  A shekara 40 kacal, a cikin shekarar 2008, ta mutu sakamakon ciwon nono a Silver Spring, Maryland.    An binne ta a kusa da birnin Washington, saboda zargin gwamnatin Zimbabwe ba za ta bari a mayar da gawarta zuwa ƙasarta ta haihuwa ba.  

## Manazarta
Primavera (mujalla)

**Primavera** wata mujallar mata ce ta Amurka da ke zaune a Birnin Chicago, Illinois daga 1975 zuwa 2006. Janet Ruth Heller, Celia Josephson, da Deborah Gordon Fisher ne suka kafa mujallar, mujallar ta ƙunshi shayari, zane-zane, fiction, da daukar hoto. Ya fi shahara saboda rashin abubuwan siyasa - sun fi damuwa da abubuwan da suka shafi abubuwan da suka faru na mata.

Sau da yawa ana bayyana shi a matsayin "A Unique Woman's Magazine," Primavera ya sami yabo daga wasu wallafe-wallafen kamar Off Our Backs, Chicago Magazine, da Library Journal .  An buga shi kowace shekara kuma sau da yawa ya dogara da gabatarwar.

Editan mujallar, Ruth Young, ta shiga cikin Primavera yayin da take aiki a matsayin manajan edita na Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists . An ce Young ya ci gaba da mujallar. Lisa Grayson, aboki kuma abokin aiki na Ruth Young a Primavera ta ce Young "ya yi komai daga aikawa da batutuwa zuwa ɗakunan karatu zuwa hulɗa da masu bugawa," da kuma "karanta kowane rubutun da ya zo a kan transom".

## Manazarta
Jaime Sunye Neto

**Jaime Sunye Neto** (an haife shi a ranar 2 ga watan Mayu shekara ta 1957)sannan shi ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Brazil . An ba shi lambar yabo ta Master ta Duniya a shekara ta 1980 da kuma Grandmaster a 1986, ya kasance zakaran Brazil sau bakwai, a 1976, 1977, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982 da 1983 (tare da Marcos Paolozzi). Sunye Neto ya kuma kasance shugaban Ƙungiyar Chess ta Brazil daga 1988 zuwa 1992.

A shekara ta 1979 an gayyace shi ya yi wasa a Interzonal a Rio de Janeiro a matsayin wakilin na biyu na kasar da ke karbar bakuncin. Ba a san shi ba a lokacin, ya ba da ɗayan mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayon aikinsa, ya gama = na biyar gabaɗaya (wanda aka haɗa tare da Borislav Ivkov) kuma ya ci manyan mashahuran da yawa, gami da wanda ya lashe gasar Lajos Portisch . A shekara ta 1989 ya lashe gasar zakarun Kudancin Amurka, wanda kuma ya kasance Kudancin Kudancin Amirka, kuma ya cancanci shiga gasar Interzonal ta 1990, inda ya gama daidai da 29th-39th daga cikin 'yan wasa 64.

Sauran sakamako mafi kyau sun kasance matsayi na biyu a Havana 1985 , kuma na farko a Zenica 1986. Daga 1978 zuwa 1986 ya kasance babban mai goyon baya a tawagar Brazil a Chess Olympiad .

## Yaƙin neman zaɓe na shugabancin FIDE
A shekara ta 1996, Sunye Neto ya tsaya takarar shugaban FIDE. Ya tara wata kungiya mai karfi kuma ya sami goyon bayan kusan dukkanin kasashen da ke buga wasan chess na Turai. Koyaya ya sha kashi a hannun Kirsan Ilyumzhinov mai mulki da kuri'u 87 zuwa 44. Wakilin Jamus ya ba da shawarar cewa Ilyumzhinov ya yi amfani da kyauta don rinjayar kuri'un.

## manazarta
Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Waje da Ƙananan Mata na Kanada

**Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Mata Masu Shige da Ƙananan Ƙasashen ta [[Kanada]]** (**NOIVMWC**) kungiya ce ta mata mai zaman kanta ta Kanada wacce ke ba da shawara kan batutuwan da ke shafar Baƙo da mata masu ƙarancin bayyane a Kanada.

An kafa shi a cikin 1986, NOIVMWC yana ba da shawara don daidaito na biyan kuɗi da haƙƙin 'yan gudun hijira.

A shekara ta 2006, kungiyar ta gudanar da wani aikin da ake kira "Creating Employment Opportunities for Immigrant Women," wanda ke gudanar da shawarwari tare da mata Baƙo da ma'aikata a cikin manyan birni.

## Manazarta