Digital Homicide Studios

**Digital Homicide Studios L.L.C.** wani dan wasan bidiyo ne na Amurka wanda ke zaune a Yuma, Arizona . James da Robert Romine sun kafa kamfanin a cikin 2014 kuma sun saki wasannin da ba a karɓa ba a cikin sauri. Gidan wasan kwaikwayon ya samar da kusan wasanni sittin har zuwa Satumba 2016, gami da The Slaughtering Grounds, Temper Tantrum, da *Galactic Hitman* . The Slaughtering Grounds, sanannen taken Digital Homicide Studios, an sake shi ta hanyar Steam a watan Oktoba 2014. James Stephanie Sterling ta zargi game da wasan ya haifar da jayayya tare da Digital Homicide Studios kuma a ƙarshe James Romine ya shigar da kara a kan Sterling. Romine ya kuma shigar da kara a kan masu amfani da Steam 100 a watan Satumbar 2016, yana zargin su da cin zarafi. A mayar da martani ga ƙarshen, Valve ya cire duk wasannin Digital Homicide Studios daga Steam, wanda Romine ya bayyana "ya lalata" ɗakin studio a watan Oktoba 2016. Daga baya ya janye karar, yayin da aka sallami Sterling da nuna bambanci a watan Fabrairun 2017.

## Tarihi

### Kafawa da kuma fitar da wasan
Digital Homicide Studios an kafa shi ne ta hanyar 'yan uwan James Oliver Romine Jr. da Robert Romine a cikin 2014 a Yuma, Arizona. Robert Romine ya kasance mai sayar da giya a baya. Gidan wasan kwaikwayon ya kirkiro kananan Wasannin PC, yana samar da kimanin sittin har zuwa Satumba 2016.  Wadannan sun hada da The Slaughtering Grounds, Gnarltoof's Revenge, Krog Wars, Paranormal Psychosis, Temper Tantrum, da *Wyatt Derp*. Digital Homicide Studios sun yi amfani da tsarin amincewar wasan da ke motsa al'umma Steam Greenlight don a saki sunayensu a kan sabis na Steam. Gidan wasan kwaikwayon ya ba da kwafin wasannin kamar Ark: Survival Evolved da Rocket League don musayar kuri'un amincewa, wanda ya saba wa jagororin Steam Greenlight. Yawancin wasannin Digital Homicide Studios an soki su a matsayin "masu son, da sauri da kuma haɗa su tare daga kadarorin da aka sake amfani da su". Tobias Ritter na *GameStar* ya kira su "dutse na wasannin sharar gida". John Walker na *Rock Paper Shotgun* ya sake nazarin gidan wasan kwaikwayon *Galactic Hitman* a watan Oktoba 2015, yana kiransa mai yiwuwa mafi munin wasan a kan Steam a lokacin.

The Slaughtering Grounds, Mai harbi na mutum na farko, ya kasance daga cikin Digital Homicide Studios na farko a kan Steam. Wasan yana aiki da mai kunnawa tare da harbi zombies a matakan uku. Ana kammala matakin idan mai kunnawa ya tsira a ciki na minti goma sha shida da sakan goma sha shida. The Slaughtering Grounds yana gudana a kan injin wasan Unity kuma yana amfani da kadarorin da aka saya daga Unity Asset Store. An sake shi ta hanyar Steam a ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 2014.  An saki sabuntawa tare da gyaran kwari a farkon Nuwamba 2014 kuma an kara katunan ciniki na Steam a watan Afrilun 2015.   Don wannan fitowar, Digital Homicide Studios ya yi amfani da sunan "ImminentUprising". Daga baya aka sake amfani da wasu sunaye daban-daban, kamar su "Micro Strategic Game Designs" da "ECC Games".   Maurice Weber na *GameStar* ya ba da shawarar cewa an yi amfani da waɗannan sunayen don rarraba wasannin daga Digital Homicide Studios kuma ya lura cewa, a lokuta da yawa, sun sanya shi ba a gane wanda ke haɓaka wasannin da ake tambaya ba.

### James Stephanie Sterling jayayya da karar
A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, James Stephanie Sterling, wani dan jarida na wasan bidiyo wanda aka sani da yin la'akari da wasannin bidiyo na rashin inganci, ya fitar da bidiyon minti goma Let's Play na The Slaughtering Grounds, akai-akai yana sukar wasan kuma yana lakafta shi a matsayin "Sabon 'Worst Game Of 2014' Contender".   Sun dauki wasan a matsayin kayan aiki, wasan da aka yi da kyau kuma da sauri daga kayan fasaha da aka saya daga shagunan kan layi. Bidiyo na Sterling sun kasance daga cikin mafi yawan bayyanar da wasan ya samu a lokacin, tare da daya daga cikinsu ya bayyana a matsayin sakamakon bincike na biyu a kan Google Search kuma a matsayin na farko a kan YouTube, yayin da The Slaughtering Grounds bai sami wani bita da shafin yanar gizon Metacritic ya tsara ba.   A mayar da martani ga zargi na Sterling, Digital Homicide Studios ya buga bidiyon da ake kira "Review the Reviewer", sake amfani da bidiyon Sterling gabaɗaya tare da ƙarin rubutun da aka rufe wanda ya kira Sterling "wani wawa" kuma ya zarge su da buga wasan ba daidai ba.   Sterling daga baya ya samar da bidiyon da ya biyo baya inda suka ba da labari da kuma yin sharhi game da maganganun Digital Homicide Studios. Digital Homicide Studios ya kare amfani da kadarorin da aka saya a cikin bidiyon amsawa na biyu, yana mai cewa "yana da muhimmanci daga ra'ayi na samarwa" kuma wani ɓangare na "tsarin kwararar kuɗi" a cikin yanayin wasan Indiya.   Dukkanin bidiyon amsawa an share su daga baya.

Digital Homicide Studios daga ƙarshe sun gabatar da takardar DMCA game da bidiyon Sterling na asali. Ta hanyar maganganu biyu daban-daban, kamfanin ya ce takunkumin ba shine tantance ra'ayin Sterling ba, amma an tilasta shi saboda keta haƙƙin mallaka da lalacewar da bidiyon ya haifar. Digital Homicide Studios ya ce ya ki amincewa da amfani da Sterling na "'Worst Game Of 2014' Contender" da kuma "cikakken gazawar" a matsayin bayanin wasan, yana kiransu "amfani mara kyau da Rashin DMCA'ana na kayan haƙƙin mallaka". Daga baya aka share maganganun biyu. An cire bidiyon Sterling na ɗan lokaci sakamakon takaddamarwa, kodayake an sake dawo da shi a watan Maris na shekara ta 2016.  Ayyukan studio a kan Sterling, wanda Weber ya bayyana a matsayin wuce gona da iri, ya ja hankalin masu sukar. Digital Homicide Studios daga baya zai share maganganu marasa kyau daga dandalin Steam don wasanninta. Weber ya yi jayayya cewa waɗannan ayyukan sun lalata sunan ɗakin studio. Sterling da Robert Romine sun tattauna bambance-bambance a tattaunawar Skype a watan Yulin 2015. Patrick Klepek na Kotaku ya kira musayar "kashi masu daidaituwa da rikici" saboda bangarorin biyu sun kusanci shi daga ra'ayoyin adawa kuma saboda Romine ya ba da shawarar cewa wani zai iya kai karar Sterling kan ayyukansu. Sterling ya ci gaba da rufe wasannin Digital Homicide Studios bayan wannan hulɗa.

Bayan watanni hudu na shiri, a ranar 4 ga Maris, 2016, James Romine ya shigar da kara a kan Sterling tare da Kotun Gundumar Amurka don Gundumar Arizona .  Shari'ar ta zargi Sterling da "harin, tsegumi, da tsegumi", inda ta ambaci tuhume-tuhume tara na tsegumi da kanta. Romine ya nemi karɓar jimlar dala miliyan 10,761, kodayake da'awar mutum - dala miliyan 2,261 a cikin lalacewar samfurin kai tsaye; dala miliyan 4,3 a cikin motsin rai, suna, da damuwa ta kuɗi; da dala miliyan 5 a cikin buƙatun lalacewar azabtarwa - an kara har zuwa dala miliyan 11,561.  Bugu da ƙari, karar ta nemi "gafara a maimakon kowane Labari da bidiyo mai laifi na tsawon lokaci na kasa da shekaru 5". Romine ya "yi aiki na daruruwan sa'o'i tun farkon 2015" don koyo game da tsarin shari'a don iya wakiltar kansa a kotu. Bugu da ƙari, kamfanin ya ƙaddamar da kamfen ɗin tara kuɗi don hayar "kamfanin lauya na cin zarafin yanar gizo" don karar. An dakatar da wannan ƙoƙari jim kadan bayan sanarwar saboda "masu tayar da kayar baya suna ba da gudummawa musamman don haifar da caji". Yaƙin neman zaɓe ya tara $ 75,000 amma ya sami ƙasa da $ 500.

Shirin karar ya tsaya bayan bangaren Sterling ya gabatar da karar da za a sallame shi a watan Mayu 2016, yana jayayya cewa maganganun Sterling sun kasance "tsaron sharhi da ra'ayi" maimakon tsegumi. Daga baya gyare-gyare ga karar sun kara jimlar biyan kuɗi zuwa dala miliyan 15. Daga baya kotun ta yi watsi da karar saboda Romine ya gabatar da ita a matsayin mutum amma ya yi ikirarin lalacewa ga kamfanin, kodayake an ba shi zaɓi don gyarawa da sake shigar da korafinsa. Bayan lauyan Sterling, Bradley Hartman, ya shawo kan Romine ya sauke karar, kotun ta sallame shi da nuna bambanci a ranar 20 ga Fabrairu, 2017. Dukansu an umarci Sterling da Romine su rufe kuɗin kotu.  

### Masu amfani da Steam suna da karar
'Yan uwan Romine sun fahimci "tsoro na kan layi" daga wasu masu amfani da Steam. A cewar su, wannan ya hada da nuna mutunci, zarge-zargen sata, barazanar tashin hankali, Barazanar mutuwa, da maganganu masu banƙyama game da 'yan uwan Romine da matar Robert Romine, wanda ya wuce fiye da watanni goma sha takwas. Sun bayyana cewa maganganu marasa kyau game da wasannin Digital Homicide Studios sun ci gaba bayan Afrilu 2016, lokacin da suka fara sakin wasannin a ƙarƙashin sunayensu, maimakon kamfanin. Bayan Steam ya yi watsi da su kuma Ofishin Bincike na Tarayya ya ƙi su, 'yan uwan Romine sun tuntubi Ofishin Sheriff na Yuma County a watan Yunin 2016. Da farko an ƙi su kuma sun dawo da kansu a watan Agusta, suna ba da takardu da ke nuna "dubban maganganu mafi muni". A mayar da martani, an gaya wa 'yan uwan Romine su kai karar wadannan masu amfani.

A ranar 12 ga Satumba, 2016, James Romine ya shigar da kara a kan masu amfani da Steam 100 da ba a san su ba. Yawancin waɗannan sun kasance wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar Steam da ake kira "Digital Homicides", wanda ya zargi Digital Homicide Studios da cin zarafin tsarin Steam Greenlight. Shari'ar ta kira wannan rukuni "ƙungiyar Ƙiyayya da cin zarafi ... wanda aka kafa musamman a kan [Steam] don lalata kudi da cin zarafin Mai shigar da kara". Ya ci gaba da zargin cewa goma sha ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan masu amfani, waɗanda sunayensu na Steam suka yi amfani da su, sun buga jimlar sakonni 20,000 da ke dauke da cin zarafi a kan Steam, Reddit, YouTube, da sauran dandamali na kafofin sada zumunta. Ta hanyar karar, Romine ta nemi dala miliyan 18 don Raunin mutum. Da'awar sun haɗa da sanya ra'ayoyi marasa kyau game da wasannin Digital Homicide Studios da buƙatun cewa Sterling yana samar da ƙarin Rediyo da ke rufe kamfanin. Romine ya ci gaba da neman takardar shaidar da aka yi wa Valve, mai mallakar Steam, don kamfanin ya samar da asalin masu amfani da ake tuhuma.   Romine ya sake wakiltar kansa, yayin da aka kafa kamfen ɗin tallafi don tallafawa karar ta hanyar GoFundMe . 

A ranar 16 ga watan Satumba, don mayar da martani ga karar, Valve ya cire dukkan kundin Digital Homicide Studios (wanda ya kunshi wasanni ashirin da daya da kuma goma sha biyar na abubuwan da za'a iya saukewa) da duk abubuwan Steam Greenlight daga dandalin. Steam ya kasance babban mai rarraba studio har zuwa wannan lokacin. Mataimakin shugaban talla na Valve, Doug Lombardi, ya bayyana cewa Valve ya daina yin kasuwanci tare da Digital Homicide Studios "don kasancewa mai adawa da abokan ciniki na Steam". A mayar da martani, Romine ya zargi Valve da kasa samar da "yanayi mai aminci" ga ɗakin studio da kuma nuna "rashin kula da lafiyar al'ummarsu don riba". Romines saboda haka sun yi la'akari da shigar da kara a kan Valve don "cire [wasannin su] da kuma bayyana dalilin da ya sa" kuma suna neman lauya don wakiltar Digital Homicide Studios a cikin irin wannan shari'ar. An ci gaba da sayar da wasannin ta hanyar Itch.io. A watan Oktoba 2016, James Romine ya bayyana cewa, saboda cire wasannin kamfanin daga Steam, an "hallaka" kasuwancin. Ya shigar da kara a kan masu amfani da Steam da za a kore su ba tare da nuna bambanci ba, yana mai cewa ba zai iya biyan kuɗin bin shi ba, kodayake ya lura cewa shari'arsa har yanzu tana da "ƙarfi".￼

## Kyauta
A sakamakon shari'o'i biyu na James Romine, an lakafta Digital Homicide Studios a matsayin "mai rikici".   *GameStar*'s Weber ya ambaci ɗakin studio a matsayin "mafi munin mai haɓaka Steam".  A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2017, Digital Spy ya sanya karar da aka shigar a kan Sterling ta biyar a cikin jerin sunayen "5 mafi kyawun shari'a" a cikin Masana'antar wasan bidiyo. Nathan Grayson na *Kotaku* ya yi la'akari a watan Satumbar 2016 cewa za a iya kauce wa shari'ar James Romine da rikice-rikicen da ke kewaye da ita idan Valve ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin warkar da Steam, wanda zai dakatar da sakin wasannin Digital Homicide Studios. Ya kuma yi imanin cewa kamfanin "ya ba da izini kuma ya amince da masu amfani da Steam suyi hali a hanyoyin da ke da guba, suna kusa da cin zarafi, tare da masu haɓakawa da juna", don haka yana ba da damar wasu sassan abubuwan da ke cikin karar Romine ta biyu.

## Manazarta