Hukumar Kula da 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Duniya a Habasha

Kwamitin Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Masana' Ƴancin Ɗan Adam a ƙasar Habasha (**ICHREE**) an kafa ta ne ta Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a watan Disamba na shekarar  2021. Manufar hukumar ita ce ta bincika zarge-zargen ƙeta doka da cin zarafin dokar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ta ƙasa da ƙasa, Dokar jin kai da Dokar 'yan gudun hijira a ƙasar Habasha da dukkan ɓangarorin da ke cikin rikici suka aikata tun daga 3 ga Nuwambae shekarar  2020. Hukumar ta ƙunshi masana kare haƙƙin ɗan adam guda uku kuma an naɗa ta ne don wa'adin shekara guda. A watan Oktoban shekarar 2022 a zama Na 51 na Majalisar Kare Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam, an tsawaita wa'adin Hukumar zuwa Disambae shekarar 2023. 

## Halitta, manufofi da ƙare
A ranar 3 ga Nuwamban shekarar 2021, rahoton Binciken hadin gwiwa da Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 'Yancin Dan Adam da Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Habasha suka gudanar ya nuna cewa dukkan ɓangarorin sun ci gaba da aikata manyan take haƙƙin ɗan adam a yankuna da yawa na ƙasar Habasha tun daga ƙarshen lokacin da ake bincike, watau bayan da gwamnatin Ƙasar Habasha ta ayyana tsagaita wuta a ranar 28 ga Yunin shekara ta 2021; saboda haka bukatar ci gaba da bincike.

A ranar 17 ga Disambae shekarar 2021, Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta mayar da martani ga wannan rahoton ta hanyar karɓar ƙudurin S-33/1. Kudurin ya kafa Hukumar Kula da Kwararrun ƴancin Dan Adam ta Duniya a Habasha (ICHREE) tare da manufar haɓaka aikin ƙungiyar bincike ta hadin gwiwa. Umurnin ICHREE ya haɗa da gudanar da bincike ba tare da nuna bambanci ba game da zarge-zargen keta doka da cin zarafin haƙƙin ɗan adam na duniya, Dokar jin kai da Dokar 'yan gudun hijira a Ƙasar Habasha da duk ɓangarorin da ke cikin rikici suka aikata tun daga 3 ga Nuwamban shekarar 2020, samar da jagora game da adalci na wucin gadi, da kuma ba da shawarwari ga Gwamnatin Habasha yayin da suke hulɗa da duk masu ruwa da tsaki masu ruwa da suka dace.

Gwamnatin tarayya ta Ƙasar Habasha sau biyu ta gabatar da shawarwarin Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya don dakatar da kudade na ICHREE.

A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2022, Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta sabunta umarnin ICHREE don ci gaba da saka idanu da yin rikodin laifuka a karkashin dokar kasa da kasa da keta haƙƙin ɗan adam.

A lokacin zaman Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam a ƙarshen 2023, membobin ICHREE sun nemi HRC ta tsawaita wa'adin ICHREE, suna mai bayyana cewa Sojojin Tsaro na Eritrea sun ci gaba da yi wa mata fyade da bautar mata a Tigray, kuma ana ci gaba da kashe-kashen da tsare-tsare a Yankin Amhara. Dan kungiyar ICHREE Steven R. Ratner ya bayyana cewa, "Akwai ainihin haɗari da ke gabatowa cewa halin da ake ciki zai kara tabarbarewa, kuma yana da al'umma ta duniya don tabbatar da cewa bincike ya ci gaba don haka za a iya magance take hakkin dan adam, kuma mafi munin bala'i ya kauce wa. " Wani jami'in diflomasiyyar EU ya bayyana cewa EU ya amince da jagorantar wa'adin ya ƙare. Ya zuwa 4 ga  , ana sa ran wa'adin zai ƙare, saboda ba a yi wani shiri na tsawaita wa'adin ba a lokacin da ake buƙata.

## Membobin da tsari
ICHREE ta ƙunshi ƙwararru uku. Ya zuwa watan Disamba na shekara ta 2022, mambobin sun kasance Mohamed Chande Othman (Shugaba), Steven R. Ratner da Radhika Coomaraswamy . Tsoffin mambobin sune Kaari Betty Murungi (Shugaba) da Fatou Bensouda . 

## Ayyuka

### Rahoton Satumba 2022
A ranar 19 ga Satumba 2022, ICHREE ta gabatar da rahoto tare da binciken farko ga Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam. A cewar rahoton, akwai dalilan da za a yi imani da cewa kisan kai, tashin hankali na jima'i da yunwa na fararen hula a matsayin hanyar yaƙi an aikata su a Habasha tun daga 3 ga Nuwamba 2020.

A cikin danganta yiwuwar alhakin aikata laifuka ga bangarori daban-daban a cikin rikici, rahoton Satumba 2022 "ya sami hujja mai ma'ana don gaskata cewa Gwamnatin Tarayya (ta Habasha) da abokanta sun aikata laifukan da suka shafi bil'adama" kuma cewa gwamnatin Habasha da abokanta suka yi amfani da yunwa a matsayin makamin yaki. Rahoton ya danganta mummunar cin zarafin bil'adama ga sojojin Tigrayan, wasu daga cikinsu masu yiwuwa Laifukan yaki ne.

Jakadan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Habasha, Taye Atske Selassie, ya ce rahoton "ba daidai ba ne kuma ba shi da kyau" kuma an yi niyyar kara matsin siyasa a kan gwamnatinsa.

### Sanarwar Maris 2023
A taron na 52 na Maris ɗin shekarar 2023 na Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam, shugaban ICHREE ya ce ya yi maraba da Yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya ta Habasha da Tigray kuma yana fatan cewa takarda mai suna "Zaɓuɓɓukan Manufofin Adalci na canji" zai ba da gudummawa ga hanyoyin adalci na canji. Shugaban ya bayyana cewa ICHREE na ci gaba da binciken laifukan yaki da keta haƙƙin ɗan adam da dukkan bangarorin suka yi, gami da sojojin Eritrea. Shugaban ya bayyana cewa ICHREE ya nemi damar yin amfani da ƙungiyar bincike zuwa yankin Habasha sau da yawa kuma an ƙi shi. Shugaban ya bayyana cewa ICHREE yana hulɗa da Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Habasha da Ofishin Yankin Gabashin Afirka na Babban Kwamishinan 'Yancin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don "haɗin kai da raba bayanai".

### Rahotanni na Satumba/Oktoba 2023
ICHREE ta buga rahoto mai shafi 21 a watan Satumbar shekarar 2023  da kuma cikakken rahoto mai shafuka 84 a watan Oktoban shekara ta 2023. 

* Hukumar Kare Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam ta Habasha
* Yunwa a Yaƙin Tigray
* Bincike:
** Binciken EHRC-OHCHR na Tigray
** Binciken ACHPR Tigray
* Rikicin jima'i a Yaƙin Tigray
* Laifukan yaki a cikin Yakin Tigray

## Manazarta