Alia Crum

**Alia Joy Crum** masaniyar ilimin halayyar dan adam ce ta Amurka wadda itace babbar mai bincike ta Stanford Mind and Body Lab .

Crum tayi bincike kan yadda tunani ke shafar halayyar ɗan adam da kuma sakamakon lafiyar jiki da tunani. Ta sami faɗakarwar kafofin watsa labarai game da aikinta.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
Crum ta girma a Aspen, Colorado . Mahaifinta ya yi aiki a cikin rikice-rikice da damuwa kuma mahaifiyarta, a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na yara. Crum tana da sha'awar wasanni tun yana ƙarami. Ta kasance ƙwararriyar 'yar wasan motsa jiki tun tana yarinya kuma daga baya ta buga wasan hockey a kankara a Harvard. An jawo ta zuwa ilimin halayyar dan adam daga kwarewarta a wasanni, ta lura cewa abubuwan tunani da motsin rai suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a wasan motsa jiki.
Ta sami B.A. daga Jami'ar Harvard a 2005 da Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Yale a 2012. Rubutun karatun sakandare shine Ka yi tunani kuma ka girma daidai: haɗin hankali-jiki tsakanin motsa jiki da kiwon lafiya, wanda Ellen J. Langer ke kula da shi. Takardar jarabawarta ta Ph.D. tana da taken ReThinking Stress: Matsayin Mindsets a Tabbatar da Amsar Tashin hankali. Mai ba da shawara shi ne Peter Salovey .

## Ayyuka da bincike
Daga 2012 zuwa 2014, Crum ta yi aiki a matsayin abokin aikin postdoctoral a Jami'ar Columbia .  Tun daga shekara ta 2014, ita ce mataimakiyar farfesa a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam a Jami'ar Stanford inda take jagorantar Stanford Mind and Body Lab . 

Crum ta kasance babban mai magana a taron Mindset 2021. A cikin 2018, ta yi magana a taron shekara-shekara na Taron Tattalin Arziki na Duniya a Davos .  Ta kuma ba da jawabin TED.

Crum tana nazarin yadda tunanin tunani da fahimta game da abubuwan da suka faru zasu iya canza martani na jiki ga waɗannan abubuwan. Manufar wannan aikin ita ce amfani da binciken ga kiwon lafiya don inganta lafiya da haɓaka jiyya. Yawancin bincikenta sun samo asali ne daga Tasirin placebo da kuma yadda imani game da magani zai iya inganta tasirinsa. Ko da shan placebo da gangan na iya zama mai fa'ida, yana nuna cewa ba sa buƙatar yaudarar mutane don waɗannan tasirin su faru. Da gangan kiyaye kyakkyawan tunani na iya ba da taimako.

### Tunanin tunani da magani
Crum ta bincika yadda canza tunanin Marasa lafiya na ciwon daji zai iya tasiri ga lafiyar hankali, daga ganewar asali zuwa raguwa. Binciken ciwon daji yana wakiltar matsanancin damuwa ga marasa lafiya da iyalai, wanda ke haifar da matsanancin damuwa da damuwa. Ta hanyar fahimtar ganewar asali a matsayin mai sarrafawa maimakon bala'i da kuma mai da hankali kan yadda jiki zai iya zama mai jimrewa, marasa lafiya na iya inganta lafiyar hankalinsu.

A cikin yanayin maganin rigakafi na baki don magance rashin lafiyan abinci, marasa lafiya suna fuskantar ƙananan allurai na allergens don rage musu. Ƙananan ƙarancin ƙarancin cuta ba shi da kyau, kuma marasa lafiya suna damuwa game da kammala jiyya. Idan ana ganin alamun a matsayin alamun cewa jiki yana amsawa da kyau don gina haƙuri, tsarin magani yana tafiya cikin sauƙi.

Fiye da haka, Crum yana ba da shawara don ingantaccen hulɗar likita da mai haƙuri da kuma shiga tsakani na zamantakewa yayin magani kamar yadda waɗannan zasu iya inganta abubuwan haƙuri ta hanyar amincewa, wanda ke haifar da kyakkyawan tunani. Marasa lafiya waɗanda likitocin su ke ba da tabbacin dumi suna samun warkewa mafi kyau. Kasancewa da sanin maganin da ke faruwa da kuma sanin sakamakon da za a yi tsammani yana taimakawa marasa lafiya warkewa.

### Tunanin tunani da lafiyar jiki
Binciken ta ya gano cewa sake tsara ayyukan aiki na yau da kullun ko ayyukan gida a matsayin motsa jiki ya haifar da mafi kyawun matakan lafiya tsakanin mahalarta, koda kuwa sauran salon rayuwarsu ba su canza ba. Crum ya kuma sake nazarin bayanan binciken kasa daga tsakanin 1990 da 2011 wanda ke dauke da bayanai game da ayyukan jiki kuma ya gano cewa fahimtar kansa yana aiki na iya danganta da tsammanin rayuwa mafi girma.

Dangane da karuwar shahararren Gwajin DNA, Crum ta bincika yadda koyo game da abubuwan haɗarin kwayar halitta don batutuwan kiwon lafiya guda biyu, kiba da ikon motsa jiki, a zahiri ya rinjayi yiwuwar batutuwan da ke tasowa. Wadanda suka yi imanin cewa suna cikin haɗari sosai sun sami sakamako mafi muni. Damuwa ita ce sakamakon Gwajin DNA na iya zama Annabce-annabce masu cika kansu idan ba a isar da su a hanyar da ta dace ba. Sauran binciken suna kimanta yiwuwar Gwajin kwayar halitta don motsa sauye-sauyen salon rayuwa mai kyau.

### Tunanin da abinci mai gina jiki
Crum ta ƙaddara cewa fahimtar wani abu na abinci kamar yadda ya fi ko žasa mai gamsarwa na iya rinjayar samar da hormone ghrelin. Hakazalika, gaskata cewa abin sha yana dauke da caffeine na iya kara Hawan jini.

Crum ta kuma bincika fina-finai masu yawa don rarraba nau'ikan abinci da aka nuna, yana mai lura da cewa yawancin abubuwan da aka fi sani ba su da lafiya kuma ba sa ƙarfafa halaye masu kyau na cin abinci. Har ila yau, abin lura shi ne cewa idan aka kwatanta da ka'idodin Burtaniya, tsarin ƙididdigar fina-finai na Amurka ya fi sauƙi a cikin ƙa'idodinsa game da saƙon da aka yi niyya ga yara. Don karfafa dabi'un cin abinci masu lafiya, Crum ta yi aiki tare da zauren cin abinci na Stanford don gwaji tare da lakabi da gano abinci mai lafiya. Sun gano cewa tabbatacce, saƙon "mai ɗanɗano-gaba" ya haifar da ƙarin masu cin abinci da ke zaɓar kayan lambu.

### Tunanin da damuwa
A lokacin annobar COVID-19, ƙungiyar bincike ta Crum ta bincika ra'ayoyin Norwegians da ke zaune sama da Arctic Circle game da hunturu da warewa da zai iya haifar da shi. Karɓar tunani mai kyau da kuma godiya ga damar da za a iya amfani da ita yana da alaƙa da farin ciki gaba ɗaya. Wannan ya dace da aikin da Crum ta yi a baya game da damuwa da kuma yadda amincewa da shi, sannan yin aiki don ƙarfafa dabi'un da ake barazana, na iya taimakawa wajen shawo kan shi. Kwarewar damuwa na iya haifar da ci gaban mutum idan an sarrafa shi sosai. Crum da Thomas Crum suna ba da shawarar hanyar matakai uku na gani, mallaka da amfani da martani na damuwa.

## Kyaututtuka da girmamawa

* 2020 Kyautar Ayyuka ta Farko, Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jama'a 
* 2019 Kyautar Mai Bincike na Farko, Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Duniya 
* Kyautar Koyarwa ta Phi Beta Kappa ta 2018 
* 2017 Rising Star Award, Association for Psychological Science 
* 2016 NIH Sabon Kyautar Sabon Sabon 
* 2005 Seymour E. da Ruth B. Harris Kyautar girmamawa a cikin Kimiyya ta Jama'a 
* 2005 Kyautar Thomas Temple Hoopes 
* 2005 Kyautar Gordon W. Allport 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Crum ya yi aure kuma yana da 'yar.

## Manazarta