Ballon d'Or

**Ballon d'Or** (  ; lit. " **Golden Ball** " lambar yabo ce ta kwallon kafa na shekara-shekara da Mujallar Faransa *Football* ta bayar tun 1956 don karrama dan wasan da ake ganin ya yi fice a kakar wasan da ta gabata.

Marubutan wasanni Gabriel Hanot da Jacques Ferran sun yi la'akari da shi, Ballon d'Or ya dogara ne kawai akan jefa kuri'a ta 'yan jaridun kwallon kafa har zuwa 2006 . Tun da farko, an ba da kyautar ne kawai ga 'yan wasa daga Turai kuma an san shi da kyautar **gwarzon ƙwallon ƙafa na Turai** . A cikin 1995, an fadada Ballon d'Or don haɗa dukkan 'yan wasa na kowane asali da ke aiki a kungiyoyin Turai. Kyautar ta zama lambar yabo ta duniya a cikin 2007 tare da duk kwararrun 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa daga ko'ina cikin duniya sun cancanci; Bugu da kari, an baiwa kociyoyin da kyaftin din kungiyoyin kasa damar kada kuri'a, kafin su koma 'yan jarida kawai a 2016 .

Tsakanin 2010 zuwa 2015, a wata yarjejeniya da FIFA, kyautar ta hade da Gwarzon dan wasan Duniya na FIFA, kuma an san shi da FIFA Ballon d'Or . Wannan haɗin gwiwar ya ƙare a cikin 2016, kuma lambar yabo ta koma Ballon d'Or, yayin da FIFA kuma ta koma ga lambar yabo ta daban na shekara-shekara, Mafi kyawun Fifa na maza . A cikin 2022, *Faransa Football* ta gyara dokokin Ballon d'Or. An canza lokacin ne ta yadda ba a bayar da kyautuka ba don nasarorin da aka samu a cikin shekara guda, a'a a lokacin wasan kwallon kafa, sannan kuma an yanke shawarar cewa wani alkali na kasa da kasa na kwararrun 'yan jarida, mai wakilci daya a kowace kasa, daga cikin 100 na farko a jerin sunayen maza na FIFA na baya-bayan nan, za su zabi wanda ya lashe kyautar. UEFA ta hada kai don shirya Ballon d'Or gala tun 2024, tare da *France Football* na riƙe tsarin jefa kuri'a da sunan Ballon d'Or.

Lionel Messi ya lashe kyautar Ballon d’Or sau takwas, sai Cristiano Ronaldo ya zo na biyu da biyar. Johan Cruyff, Michel Platini da Marco van Basten kowanne ya lashe kyautar sau uku, yayin da Alfredo Di Stéfano, Franz Beckenbauer, Kevin Keegan, Karl-Heinz Rummenigge da Ronaldo sun lashe kyautar sau biyu. Ousmane Dembélé shine wanda ke rike da kyautar a yanzu, bayan da ya lashe bugu na baya-bayan nan a 2025 .

## Dubawa

Ana kallon kyautar Ballon d'Or a matsayin kyauta mafi daraja da kima a fagen kwallon kafa.     Kafin 2007, an dogara ne kawai akan zaɓen 'yan jarida na ƙwallon ƙafa kuma an san shi da lambar yabo ta gwarzon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Turai a cikin harshen Ingilishi da yawancin kafofin watsa labaru na duniya.   Ko da bayan 2007, yawanci ana gano shi da kuma kiran shi da wannan sunan saboda asalinsa a matsayin lambar yabo ta Turai,   har sai an hade shi da kyautar gwarzon dan wasan kwallon kafa na duniya na FIFA wanda ya tabbatar da sabon ikirarinsa na duniya.   Stanley Matthews na Ingila ne ya lashe kyautar.   George Weah na Laberiya, ɗan Afirka ɗaya tilo, ya zama Bature na farko da ya lashe kyautar a 1995, shekarar da aka canza ka'idojin cancanta kuma an fadada Ballon d'Or don haɗa da duk 'yan wasa na kowane asali, masu aiki a kungiyoyin Turai;   bayan shekaru biyu, Ronaldo na Brazil ya zama dan Kudancin Amurka na farko ba tare da zama dan kasar Turai da ya karbi kyautar ba,  kuma har yanzu shi ne mafi karancin shekaru da ya taba lashe kyautar yana da shekaru 21 da kwanaki 96.  Kyautar ta zama lambar yabo ta duniya a cikin 2007 tare da duk ƙwararrun 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa daga clubs a duniya sun cancanci;  Bugu da ƙari, an ba masu horarwa da kyaftin na ƙungiyoyin ƙasa damar yin zabe,   kafin su koma ga 'yan jarida kawai a 2016 .  

Lionel Messi ne ke rike da tarihin lashe kyautar Ballon d’Or da takwas,   yayin da Cristiano Ronaldo ya lashe zaben sau biyar da goma sha takwas.  Messi ne kawai dan wasan da ya lashe kyautar tare da kungiyoyi uku sannan kuma shi kadai ne ya lashe kyautar yayin da yake buga wasa a wajen Turai,   da kuma kasancewa dan wasan da ya fi kowanne fanareti, inda ya kare a matsayi na uku-uku a tarihi sau goma sha hudu.  'Yan wasa uku ne suka lashe kyautar sau uku kowanne: Johan Cruyff, Michel Platini da kuma Marco van Basten .   Tare da lambobin yabo bakwai kowanne, 'yan wasan Holland, Jamus, Portugal da Faransa sun lashe kyautar Ballon d'Or na biyu, a ƙarƙashin Argentina a farkon da takwas.  'Yan wasa daga Jamus ( 1972, 1981 ) da Netherlands ( 1988 ) sun mamaye manyan wurare uku a cikin shekara guda. Ƙungiyoyin Jamusanci (1972) da Italiyanci ( 1988-1990 ) ƙungiyoyi sun sami nasara iri ɗaya, ciki har da shekaru biyu da 'yan wasan Milan suka mamaye (1988, 1989 ), rikodin na musamman har sai clubs na Spain sun sami rinjayen da ba a taɓa gani ba ( 2009 - 2012, 2015, 20120) zuwa Barcelona (2016) da Barcelona ( 2016 ) saman-uku.  Kyautar tana nuna nuna son kai ga 'yan wasa masu kai hari,  kuma, a tsawon lokaci, ya tafi zuwa ga wasu ƙungiyoyin wasanni da kulake.  Kafin 1995, wasanni goma sun ba da kyautar Ballon d'Or, yayin da Ingila, Faransa, Jamus, Italiya, Spain da Amurka kawai suka ba da masu cin nasara tun daga lokacin.   Gasar La Liga ta Spain ce ta fi kowacce lashe kyautar Ballon d'Or gaba xaya, inda Barcelona da Real Madrid suka samu nasara a wasanni ashirin da hudu; tare da nasara goma sha biyu kowanne,  ƙungiyoyin Mutanen Espanya guda biyu suma suna jagorantar matsayin ƙungiyar gabaɗaya don samar da mafi yawan nasara.  

Tsakanin shekarar 2010 zuwa 2015, an hade kyautar da irin wannan kyautar, kyautar gwarzon dan wasan kwallon kafa na duniya na FIFA, don kirkiro da FIFA Ballon d'Or,   wanda aka baiwa mafi kyawun dan wasa a duniya kafin FIFA da *Faransa Football* sun yanke shawarar ba za su ci gaba da yarjejeniyar hadewa ba.   Masu karɓar kyautar Ballon d'Or na haɗin gwiwa ana ɗaukarsu a matsayin waɗanda suka ci nasara ta ƙungiyoyin bayar da kyaututtuka.    Bayan 2011, UEFA ta ƙirƙiri lambar yabo ta UEFA Best Player a Turai Award don kiyaye al'adar Ballon d'Or na asali na musamman na girmama ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa daga Turai.  A cikin 2020, Groupe Amaury, wanda *Faransa Football* ke cikinsa,  ya yanke shawarar cewa ba za a ba da kyauta ba na shekara saboda tasirin cutar ta COVID-19 akan ƙwallon ƙafa .   Ra'ayin jama'a shine ya kamata a ba da kyautar Ballon d'Or ta 2020 ga Robert Lewandowski .   

Faransa Football ta gyara dokokin Ballon d'Or a 2022 . Sun canza lokacin don kada a ba da kyaututtukan ba don nasarorin da aka samu a cikin shekara ta kalanda, amma don lokacin ƙwallon ƙafa. An kuma yanke shawarar cewa wani alkali na kasa da kasa na kwararrun 'yan jarida, masu wakilci daya a kowace kasa, daga cikin 100 na farko a cikin sabuwar FIFA Men's World Ranking zai tantance wanda ya lashe kyautar; a baya an buɗe taron jama'a ga duk ƙasashe tun daga 2007. UEFA ta haɗa haɗin gwiwar shirya Ballon d'Or gala tun 2024, tare da Faransa Football ta riƙe tsarin jefa ƙuri'a da sunan Ballon d'Or.

### Ma'auni
Ana bayar da kyautar Ballon d'Or ne bisa manyan sharudda guda uku:  

: 1) Ayyukan mutum ɗaya, yanke shawara da halayyar ban sha'awa;
: 2) Ayyukan ƙungiyar da nasarori;
: 3) Wasan aji da adalci.

Duk da haka, wasu lokuta masu sukar suna bayyana lambar yabo a matsayin "gasar shahara",   suna sukar tsarin jefa kuri'a,  nuna son kai ga 'yan wasa masu kai hari,  da kuma ra'ayin tsara tsarin ware mutum a cikin wasanni na kungiya.  

## Masu nasara

**Lura:** Har zuwa 2021, Ballon d'Or an bayar da shi ne bisa la'akari da rawar da 'yan wasa suka yi a cikin shekarar kalanda. Tun daga 2022, an umurci alkalai da su yi la'akari da kakar da ta gabata.  

### Nasarorin 'Yan Wasa

### Nasarorin ƙasashe

### Nasarorin ƙungiyoyi

## Karin Kyaututtuka
### Kyaututtuka na kakar wasa
*An fara bayarwa a 2018, **[[Ballon d'Or Féminin]]** na girmama 'yar wasa mace da aka ga ta fi kowa yin fice a kakar da ta gabata.
*Tun daga 2018, *France Football* tana bayar da **[[Kopa Trophy]]** ga dan wasa mafi kyau kasa da shekara 21. An sanya sunan kyautar ne daga 1958 Ballon d'Or wanda Raymond Kopa ya lashe.
*An fara bayarwa a 2019, **[[Yashin Trophy]]** tana baiwa kocin tsaron gida mafi kyau na kakar. An sanya sunan kyautar ne daga Lev Yashin, wanda ya lashe 1963 Ballon d'Or.
*A 2021, *France Football* ta baiwa Robert Lewandowski **Kyautar Mai Zura Kwallo na Shekara** saboda zura kwallaye mafi yawa a kakar da ta gabata. Bayan rasuwar Gerd Müller a 2021, an canza sunan kyautar zuwa **[[Gerd Müller Trophy]]** a bugun 2022.
*Daga 2022, *France Football* tana bayar da **[[Sócrates Award]]**, wacce ke yabo 'yan wasa da aikin jin kai. An sanya sunan kyautar ne daga Sócrates, tsohon dan wasan Brazil wanda ya kafa Corinthians Democracy a lokacin mulkin soja na Brazil a 1980s.
**France Football* ta fara bayar da **Kyautar Ƙungiyar Maza ta Shekara** a 2021, inda Chelsea ta lashe ta farko. Manchester City ta lashe a 2022 da 2023, yayin da Real Madrid ta lashe a 2024. **Ƙungiyar Mata ta Shekara** an bayar a 2023 da 2024, kuma FC Barcelona Femení ta lashe a duk lokuta biyu.
**France Football* ta fara bayar da **Johan Cruyff Trophy** ga koci mafi kyau a 2024. Mai lashe **Koci na Maza na Shekara** na farko shi ne Carlo Ancelotti na Real Madrid, yayin da **Koci na Mata na Shekara** ta je ga Emma Hayes wanda ke jagorantar Chelsea da Amurka.

### Kyaututtuka na musamman

#### Super Ballon d'Or
An bayar da kyauta ta girmamawa mai suna **Super Ballon d'Or** ga Alfredo Di Stéfano a 1989, wanda aka zaɓe shi mafi kyawun lashe Ballon d'Or fiye da Johan Cruyff da Michel Platini.

Haka kuma Diego Maradona ya samu Ballon d'Or na girmamawa a 1995 wanda ake kira **Golden Ballon d'Or**. Pelé ma ya samu kyautar iri ɗaya a lokacin bikin 2013 FIFA Ballon d'Or wadda ake kira **FIFA Ballon d'Or Prix d'Honneur**.

#### Dan Wasa Mafi Kyau na Karni
A 1999, *France Football* ta zaɓi Pelé a matsayin **Dan Wasa Mafi Kyau na Karni** bayan tattaunawa da tsofaffin masu lashe Ballon d'Or. Daga cikin masu lashe 34 na baya, 30 sun kada kuri'a, yayin da Stanley Matthews, Omar Sívori da George Best suka ƙi kada kuri'a, Lev Yashin kuma ya mutu. Kowanne mai zabe yana da kuri'u 5 da kowanne ke da maki 1 zuwa 5; amma Di Stéfano ya zabi na farko kawai, Platini na farko da na biyu, yayin da George Weah ya zabi 'yan wasa biyu a matsayi na biyar. Pelé ya kasance mafi girma ga masu zabe 17, kusan ninki biyu na maki fiye da na waje na biyu, Diego Maradona.

#### ''Le nouveau palmarès''
Don Allah daidai da cikar shekaru 60 na Ballon d'Or a 2016, *France Football* ta buga sabon kimantawa na kasa da kasa na kyaututtukan kafin 1995, lokacin da 'yan wasan Turai kawai suke iya lashe kyautar. Daga cikin Ballons 39 da aka bayar a wannan lokaci, 12 zasu kasance ga 'yan wasan Kudancin Amurka; Bugu da kari, Pelé—sau bakwai—da Diego Maradona—sau biyu—Garrincha, Mario Kempes, da Romário sun samu amincewa a baya. Amma masu lashe asali ba su canza.

#### Ballon d'Or Dream Team
An ƙungiyar **Ballon d'Or Dream Team** ta duka lokaci, wanda aka buga a Disamba 2020, tana girmama manyan 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na tarihi. An buga ƙungiyar ta biyu da ta uku.

## Manazarta