Denzil Ibbetson

**Sir Denzil Charles Jelf Ibbetson**  (30 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1847 - 21 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1908)  ya kasance mai gudanarwa a Indiya ta Burtaniya kuma marubuci. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Kwamishinan Gundumar Karnal daga 1892 zuwa 1893. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Kwamishinan larduna na tsakiya da Berar daga 1898 zuwa 1899 da kuma Mataimakin Gwamna na Punjab a 1907.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Denzil Ibbetson a Gainsborough, Lincolnshire a ranar 30 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1847, ɗan fari na Denzil John Holt Ibbet son (1823 - 10 ga watan Agusta shekara ta 1871), wanda a wannan lokacin yana aiki a matsayin injiniyan farar hula a kan Manchester, Sheffield da Lincolnshire Railway. Iyalin sun koma Adelaide, Ostiraliya bayan mahaifinsa ya ɗauki umarni masu tsarki  kuma ya zama vicar a can, musamman na Cocin St John, Adelaide a cikin 1861-1871. 

Ibbetson ta yi karatu a Kwalejin St Peter, Adelaide da Kwalejin Saint John, Cambridge . Ibbetson ya sami digiri na farko a fannin lissafi a 1869, an sanya shi a matsayin babban jami'in aiki. Ya zo na uku a jarrabawar gasa don Ma'aikatan Jama'a na Indiya a shekarar da ta gabata.

## Ayyuka a Indiya
Ibbetson ya isa Lardin Punjab na Indiya a ranar 8 ga Disamba 1870, bayan ya auri Louisa Clarissa Coulden a farkon wannan shekarar. Da zarar a can, a cewar *Oxford Dictionary of National Biography*, "Ya zama wani ɓangare na sabon ƙwararrun 'wallahs- gasa' wanda ya fi ƙarfin ƙarni na baya na jami'an siyasa na soja na Punjabi da kuma tsofaffin ɗalibai masu alaƙa da Kwalejin Haileybury. "

Ya rike ofisoshin gudanarwa daban-daban. Daga 1892 zuwa 1893 ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Kwamishinan Gundumar Karnal na lardin Punjab, Haryana a yau. Daga 1898 zuwa kusan 1900 ya kasance Babban Kwamishinan larduna na tsakiya da Berar, a wannan lokacin dole ne ya koma Ingila na ɗan lokaci saboda rashin lafiya.[1] A watan Satumbar 1901 an nada shi memba na Majalisar Gwamna-Janar ta Indiya. [undefined] An nada shi Kwamandan Knight na Order of the Star of India (KCSI) a cikin 1903 Durbar Honours.[2][3]

Ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a matsayin Lieutenant-Governor na Punjab a 1905 kuma ya ɗauki matsayin har abada a watan Maris na 1907 lokacin da Sir Charles Montgomery Rivaz ya yi ritaya.

Da yake fama da rashin lafiya wanda ya bukaci wani lokaci a Ingila, Ibbetson ya yi ritaya a ranar 21 ga Janairun 1908 kuma ya bar Indiya. Ya mutu a ranar 21 ga Fabrairu a gidansa a 60 Montague Mansions, York Street, London. An ƙone shi a Golders Green kuma matarsa ta tsira.

## Gudummawa ga ƙididdigar Indiya da ra'ayi game da kabilanci
The censuses of India carried out in 1865, 1872 and 1881 had attempted to classify people according to the Brahmanic ritual ranking system of varna but this proved not to reflect the realities of social relationships, however much it might have met with approval from scholars of Sanskrit and ancient texts.&#x5B;**&#x5D; Furthermore, the Brahmanic system had no practical purpose from an administrative point of view. The latter was of considerable significance as there was a desire to use ethnography and other means in order to develop further the British influence in India. Ibbetson, who was Deputy Superintendent for the 1881 census operation in Punjab, had written in his 1883 Report on the exercise that 

## Manazarta