Rewilding Europe

**Rewilding Europe** ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta da ke Nijmegen, Netherlands, wadda ta sadaukar da kanta wajen ƙirƙirar yanayin da ya sake zama ruwan dare a faɗin Turai.  Ƙoƙarin ƙungiyar ya taimaka wajen ƙara yawan nau'ikan halittu da ke fuskantar barazanar ɓacewa a baya kamar su bison na Turai da kuma lynx na Iberian . 

## Tarihi
An kafa Rewilding Europe a hukumance a ranar 28 ga Yuni, 2011, a matsayin gidauniya mai zaman kanta, wacce ba ta neman riba ba (matsayin ANBI) wacce aka yi wa rijista a Netherlands .  Mutane huɗu da suka kafa Rewilding Europe su ne Frans Schepers,  Staffan Widstrand,  Neil Birnie,  da Wouter Helmer. 

Ƙungiyar ta sami kuɗaɗe daga Bankin Zuba Jari na Turai da Shirin Lambunan da ke Fuskantar Barazana. 

## Wurare
Rewilding Europe tana aiki tukuru a yankuna goma masu sake mamayewa da ke cikin ƙasashe 12 na Turai. 

### Yankin sake farfado da kwarin Côa
Yankin da ke sake gina kwarin Côa yana cikin Portugal, a cikin kwarin Côa **,** tare da kan iyaka da Spain . A nan, Rewilding Europe na ƙoƙarin ƙara yawan dabbobin da ba su da namun daji **,** kamar dawaki da shanu na jeji. Saboda raguwar yawan jama'a da kuma watsi da filaye, an sami raguwa sosai a kiwo, wanda ya haifar da maye gurbin halitta da ƙarin rufin shuke-shuke a cikin shimfidar wurare. Ƙungiyar tana haɓaka kiwo a matsayin kayan aiki don rage haɗarin gobara. Ƙungiyar ta yi iƙirarin cewa ƙarin dabbobin "namun daji" za su haifar da ƙarin "yanayi mai ban sha'awa na mosaic", wanda zai iya inganta yanayi ga yawan barewa da sauran nau'ikan halittu **,** gami da wasu da suka ɓace a yankin **,** kamar Iberian ibex . Baya ga haɓaka kiwo na kiyayewa, ƙungiyar tana kuma sha'awar haɓaka yawon buɗe ido na muhalli, fafutukar shawo kan gwamnatin Portugal ta ware ƙarin filaye don ƙirƙirar hanyar nazarin halittu, da kuma aikin ƙara yawan kerkeci a yankin. 

### Yankin sake gina yankin Danube Delta
Yankin Danube Delta mai fadin hekta 580,000 gida ne ga tsuntsayen ruwa masu yawa, musamman pelicans na nau'ikan halittu guda biyu, herons, shamuwa, cormorants, da terns . Wuri ne da aka fi so ga masu ƙaura zuwa wurare masu nisa da kuma wuraren hunturu ga tarin tsuntsayen ruwa masu ƙaura daga tsaunukan steppes, dazuzzukan boreal, da kuma tundras da ke arewa. Yankin yana da wasu daga cikin wurare kaɗan na dazuzzukan mosaic da suka rage a Turai, waɗanda dawakai na daji da shanu na daji har yanzu suna nan a wurin. Tare da haɗin gwiwa, ƙungiyar Rewilding Danube Delta tana aiki sosai don inganta amincin muhalli da aikin halitta na hekta 40,000 na wuraren dausayi da na ƙasa na delta, ta amfani da ƙa'idodin sake fasalin ƙasa a sikelin ƙasa. Tsarin halitta mai farfadowa da kuma gudanar da kansa, musamman ambaliya da kiwo na halitta, zai jagoranci ƙirƙirar yanayin ƙasa, yana haifar da wasu hanyoyin halitta, dawo da namun daji, ƙaruwar bambancin halittu, da haɓaka tattalin arziki bisa ga yanayi. Yankin sake gina yankin Danube Delta wani ɓangare ne na shirin kiwo na Tauros, wanda Gidauniyar Taurus da Rewilding Europe ke gudanarwa.  Shirin yana da nufin kiwon nau'in shanu wanda yayi kama da na aurochs ta hanyar kafa yawan shanu masu rai a wurare da dama na Turai. Saboda canjin wurin da aka yi a 2016 da 2017, adadin shanun Tauros da ke kiwo kusa da Sfântu Gheorghe, Tulcea yanzu ya kai  Dabbobi 18. Sake Girgiza Turai yana aiki don ƙirƙirar sabbin damammaki ga al'ummomin delta ta hanyar tallafawa ci gaban kasuwancin da ya dogara da yanayi.  2019 ya ga sakin garken bauna na ruwa a matsayin wakili ga *Bubalus murrensis* ;  da 2020, na garken kulan na Turkmenian  (wani nau'in da ke wanzuwa a Rasha ta Turai har zuwa ƙarni na 18 ko 19,  kuma dangi na kusa da jakin daji na Yammacin Turai wanda ya ɓace a cikin Chalcolithic ). 

### Yankin sake fasalin Kudancin Carpathians
An ɗauki Kudancin Carpathians a matsayin wuri mai kyau don aikin kiyaye yanayi. Rewilding Europe ta mayar da hankali kan wani ɓangare na yankin wanda ya ƙunshi fiye da hekta miliyan 1 na wurare masu kariya da suka riga suka kasance, namun daji masu wadata, manyan dazuzzuka marasa lalacewa, tarin nau'ikan halittu masu yawa, yanayin daji marasa lalacewa, koguna na daji, da manyan wurare na shuke-shuken mosaic waɗanda galibi suka samo asali daga ayyukan noma da kiwo na gargajiya.

Aikin Rewilding Europe da abokan hulɗarta ya mayar da hankali kan dawo da bison na Turai . Tun daga shekarar 2013, Rewilding Europe  da WWF Romania  suna aiki tare a yankin Southern Carpathians don sake dawo da wannan nau'in halitta mai ban mamaki. Babban manufar wannan aikin da ake ci gaba da yi shi ne ƙirƙirar al'umma mai dorewa a cikin al'umma da kuma a cikin Kudancin Carpathians, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan al'ummomi masu yawo kyauta a cikin tsaunukan Țarcu da kuma tsaunukan Poiana Ruscă da ke kusa.

Zuwa yanzu, bayan fitowar bison a shekarar 2014 da 2015, a watan Yunin 2016, an sake fitar da bison na uku a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin LIFE Bison wanda Hukumar Turai ta dauki nauyinsa,  tare da sake fitar da dabbobi tara na huɗu a watan Afrilun 2017. An sake gina Turai da WWF Romania don ƙirƙirar ɗaya daga cikin manyan yankunan daji da ke kewaye a Turai. 

### Yankin sake fasalin Velebit
Yankin da ke kan tsaunuka a gabar tekun Adriatic a Croatia, yankin da ke sake mamaye yankin Velebit yana ɗaya daga cikin yankunan da suka fi daji a duk faɗin Bahar Rum. Yankin yana ɗauke da wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa guda biyu, wurin ajiyar halittu, hanyoyin tafiya da yawa, dazuzzukan da suka tsufa, kwaruruka masu zurfi, tsoffin wurare masu buɗewa da namun daji kamar Balkan chamois, ja barewa, beyar launin ruwan kasa, kerkeci, da lynx .

Mutane da yawa daga yankin sun ƙaura daga yankin zuwa bakin teku. Sakamakon haka, yankuna da yawa na wannan yankin yanzu suna da alaƙa da watsi da filaye, ƙaura daga ƙauyuka da kuma raguwar al'adun gargajiya. Rewilding Europe tana aiki tare da abokan hulɗarta don canza ƙalubale zuwa damammaki. Wannan ya ga kafa Velebit Nature Reserve mai fadin hekta 17,000, wanda ke tsakanin manyan wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa guda biyu. A nan rewilding yana ba da sabuwar hanyar kula da namun daji da kuma ƙarfafa ci gaban tattalin arzikin ƙasa mai tushen yanayi, ƙirƙirar hanyar namun daji da muhalli a cikin tsaunukan Velebit. 

An gina fatun kula da namun daji kuma an shirya gina sababbi a nan gaba don samar da damar aiki ga al'ummar yankin. Tare da haɗin gwiwar Kwalejin Daji ta Jami'ar Zagreb, ƙungiyar Rewilding Velebit tana aiki don sanya dajin beech na Ramino Korito  mai girma, wanda ke kudancin tsaunukan Velebit, a matsayin wurin ajiyar daji na musamman, wanda ke nuna ƙarancinsa da ƙimar halittu. A filayen Lika, wani fili da ke ƙasan tsaunukan Velebit, Rewilding Europe tana aiki don sake samar da wuraren kiwon namun daji da rabin daji. Tun lokacin da aka fara shi a shekarar 2015, aikin ya ninka girmansa kuma yanzu ya faɗaɗa hekta 1000. &#x5B; ** &#x5D; 

A ranar 10 ga Disamba, 2014, wani gogaggen mai tafiya a ƙasa ɗan Croatia Zdenko Đanić ya mutu da wani bijimin Sayaguesa wanda aikin ya shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje. Makiyayin yana nan amma masu ceto sun isa wurin mai tafiya a ƙasan wurin da ya ji rauni a makare saboda wurin da yake nesa. 

### Yankin sake fasalin Apennines na Tsakiya
Yankin Tsakiyar Apennines yana da bambancin yanayin halittu, don haka kuma nau'ikan namun daji. Aikin Rewilding Europe da abokan hulɗarta a Tsakiyar Apennines ya mayar da hankali kan haɓaka manyan hanyoyin "haɗin gwiwa" ta hanyar haɗa tattalin arzikin yankin da yanayin daji a cikin hanyõyi huɗu waɗanda suka mamaye sama da hekta 40,000.

A yankunan da aka kare ( Wuraren Shakatawa na Abruzzo da Majella da Wurin Shakatawa na Yankin Sirente-Velino ) hanyoyin an yi su ne don amfanar da yawan namun daji da ingancin abubuwan da suka shafi yanayi da yanayi. Manufar aikin na shekaru 10 ita ce rage mace-macen bera da rikici ta hanyar sanya matakan rigakafin hatsarin ababen hawa, cire tsoffin shinge, gyarawa da inganta alamun, da kuma rarraba sabbin shingen lantarki masu motsi. Bugu da ƙari, Rewilding Europe da abokan hulɗarta suna aiki kan tallafawa kamfanonin da ke da tushen yanayi a yankunan da ke kewaye da hanyoyin, da kuma wayar da kan jama'a game da namun daji da kiyaye yanayi tsakanin al'ummomin yankin da mutanen da ke ziyartar yankin. 

### Yankin sake farfado da tsaunukan Rhodope
Duwatsun Rhodope su ne kawai wuraren kiwo ga ungulun Griffon a Bulgaria kuma su ne mafi mahimmancin wurin kiwo ga ungulun Masar da ke fuskantar barazana a duniya a yankin Balkan . Aikin Rewilding Europe ya mayar da hankali kan dawo da sarƙoƙin abinci a tsaunukan Rhodope . Maido da sarƙoƙin abinci na halitta wani babban aiki ne na Rewilding Europe, wanda Hukumar Turai ta tallafa ta hanyar aikin LIFE "Ajiye ungulun baƙi da griffon a cikin tsaunukan Rhodope masu iyaka".  Babban abin da Turai ta fi mayar da hankali a kai shi ne taimaka wa ungulu da sauran nau'ikan da ke tono ta hanyar haɓaka samuwar gawawwakin ciyawa na daji, ta haka ne za a rufe da'irar rayuwa.

## Manazarta