Yanayi na Alaska

**yanayin Alaska** An ƙayyade yanayin Alaska ta matsakaicin yanayin zafi da hazo da aka samu a duk faɗin jihar tsawon shekaru da yawa.  Hanyar guguwa mai ban sha'awa tana tafiya tare da sarkar tsibirin Aleutian, a fadin Alaska Peninsula, da kuma bakin tekun Gulf of Alaska wanda ya fallasa wadannan sassan jihar ga yawancin guguwar da ke ratsa Arewacin Pacific.  Sauyin yanayi a cikin Juneau da kudu maso gabas panhandle yanayi ne na tsakiyar latitude na teku (mai kama da Scotland, ko Haida Gwaii), (Köppen Cfb) a sassan kudanci da kuma yanayin tekun teku (Köppen Cfc) a sassan arewa.  Sauyin yanayi a Kudu ta Tsakiyar Alaska yanayi ne na ƙasa (Köppen Dfc) saboda gajeriyar lokacin rani mai sanyi.  Sauyin yanayi na cikin Alaska an fi kwatanta shi da matsananci kuma shine mafi kyawun misali na yanayi na subarctic na gaskiya, kamar yadda mafi girma da mafi ƙasƙanci yanayin zafi na kowane ɗayan waɗannan ƙasashe yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan yanayi da yanayin yanayi da yanayin yanayi kuma ana la'akari da mafi kyawun yanayi a wannan yanki don yanayin zafi da aka rubuta a Alaska duka biyu sun faru a cikin ciki.  Yanayin da ke arewa mai nisa na Alaska yanayi ne na Arctic (Köppen ET) tare da dogayen sanyi, sanyi, da lokacin rani inda dusar ƙanƙara ke yiwuwa a duk shekara.

## Yanayin zafi

### Gabas

Sauyin yanayi a cikin Juneau da kuma kudu maso gabas panhandle yanayi ne na tsakiyar latitude teku (Köppen weather classification Cfb) a cikin sassan kudanci da kuma yanayin teku, yanayin subpolar na ruwa (mai kama da Scotland, ko Haida Gwaii), (Köppen Cfc) a sassan arewa.  Yawancin sassan kudanci suna da dazuzzukan dajin.  A kowace shekara, sassan kudanci duka sune mafi sanyi kuma mafi zafi na Alaska, tare da yanayin zafi a cikin hunturu da babban hazo a cikin shekara.  Matsakaicin hazo na kowane wata shine gabaɗaya mafi girma a cikin watanni na kaka, musamman Oktoba, kuma mafi ƙanƙanta a watan Mayu ko Yuni.  Wannan kuma shi ne yanki daya tilo a cikin Alaska inda matsakaicin zafin rana ke kan daskarewa a lokacin watannin hunturu, sai dai a kudancin tsibirin Aleutian kamar Unalaska.

### Kudancin
Yanayin yanayi a kudancin tsakiyar Alaska, tare da Anchorage a matsayin birni na al'ada, yana da sauƙi ga ka'idodin Alaska. Wannan ya faru ne saboda kusanci da bakin teku. Duk da yake ba ya samun kusan ruwan sama kamar yadda yake a kudu maso gabashin Alaska, yana samun dusar ƙanƙara, kodayake kwanaki suna da haske a can. Yanayi ne na subarctic (Köppen *Dfc*) saboda gajeren lokacin rani. Akwai iskõki masu ƙarfi na kudu maso gabas da aka sani da iskar Knik a kusa da Palmer, musamman a cikin watanni na hunturu.

### Yamma
Yanayin Yammacin Alaska ya ƙayyade shi ne ta hanyar Tekun Bering da Tekun Alaska. Yanayin teku ne na subarctic a kudu maso yamma da kuma yanayin subarctic na nahiyar da ke arewacin arewa. Yawan zafin jiki yana da matsakaici idan aka yi la'akari da yadda yankin yake a arewa. Wannan yanki yana da nau'o'i masu yawa, musamman idan aka yi la'akari da hazo. Yankin arewacin Yankin Seward a zahiri hamada ce tare da kasa da inci 10 (254  na hazo a kowace shekara, yayin da wasu wurare tsakanin Dillingham da Bethel ke kusa da inci 100 (2,540  na ruwan sama.

Yanayin gabashin Alaska an fi bayyana shi a matsayin mai tsananin gaske kuma misali ne mai kyau na yanayin yanayi na nahiyar. Wasu daga cikin yanayin zafi da sanyi a Alaska suna faruwa a kusa da yankin Fairbanks. Lokacin bazara na iya samun yanayin zafi wanda ya kai 90s ° F (kusa da 34 ° C), yayin da a cikin hunturu, zafin jiki na iya fada ƙasa da -50 ° F (-45.6 ° C), kuma a lokuta masu wuya, ƙasa da -60 ° F (-51.1 ° C). Ruwan sama yana da yawa a cikin shekara, yana ƙaruwa a lokacin watanni na rani, kuma kusan duk ruwan sama tsakanin Oktoba da Afrilu ya faɗi kamar dusar ƙanƙara. Ice hazo babban haɗari ne a lokacin sanyi musamman tsakanin Nuwamba da Maris.&nbsp;

### Arewa
Yanayin da ke arewacin Alaska shine abin da za a sa ran wani yanki a arewacin Arctic Circle. Yanayi ne na Arctic (Köppen *EF*) tare da dogon lokaci, hunturu mai sanyi sosai da gajeren lokaci mai sanyi. Rana ba ta tashi kwata-kwata a wasu makonni a cikin hunturu, kuma tana fita na awann a wasu makarantu a lokacin rani. Koyaya, duk da sa'o'i 24 na hasken rana a lokacin rani, matsakaicin zafin jiki yana sama da daskarewa a Utqiaġvik a watan Yuli, a  ° F (2.2 ° C) kuma dusar ƙanƙara na iya faɗuwa kowane wata na shekara. Arewacin Alaska shine yankin da ya fi sanyi a Alaska.

### Kwatanta yanayin zafi

Mafi girman da mafi ƙasƙanci da aka rubuta a Alaska duka suna cikin ciki. Mafi girma shine " >100 ° F (37.8 ° C) a Fort Yukon a ranar 27 ga Yuni, 1915. Mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki na Alaska shine -80 ° F (-62.2 ° C) a Prospect Creek a ranar 23 ga Janairu, 1971,  1 ° F (0.6 ° C) sama da mafi ƙarancin yawan zafin jiki da aka rubuta a nahiyar Arewacin Amurka (a Snag, Yukon, Kanada).  Alaska kuma tana riƙe da matsanancin yanayin zafi na Amurka na kowane wata sai dai Satumba, inda Big Piney, Wyoming ya rubuta -15 °  -26.1 ° C a ranar 20 ga Satumba, 1983, yayin da mafi sanyi da aka rubuta a Alaska a watan Satumba ya kasance -13 °  ° C a ƙauyen Arctic a ranar 30 ga Satumba.

## Ruwan sama
Juneau yana da matsakaicin inci 50 (1,270  na hazo a shekara, yayin da wasu yankuna a kudu maso gabashin Alaska ke karɓar kusan inci 275 (6,980 . Matsakaicin ruwan sama na kowane wata yawanci yana ƙaruwa a watan Satumba ko Oktoba, kuma ya fi ƙasa a watan Mayu da Yuni. Saboda Inuwa mai ruwan sama na tsaunuka na bakin teku, kudancin tsakiyar Alaska ba ya samun kusan ruwan sama kamar kudu maso gabashin Alaska, kodayake yana samun karin dusar ƙanƙara har zuwa inci 300 (7.62 m) a Valdez da yawa a cikin duwatsu. A matsakaici, Anchorage yana karɓar inci 16 (410  na hazo a shekara, tare da kusan inci 75 (1.91 m) na dusar ƙanƙara. Yankin arewacin Tekun Alaska yana karɓar inci 150 (3,810.0  na hazo a kowace shekara. A fadin sassan yammacin jihar, gefen arewacin yankin Seward hamada ce tare da kasa da inci 10 (250  na hazo a kowace shekara, yayin da wasu wurare tsakanin Dillingham da Bethel ke kusa da inci 100 (2,540 mm) na ruwan sama.

A cikin ƙasa, sau da yawa ƙasa da inci 10 (254  yana faɗuwa a shekara kuma a kan Arewacin Slope kamar yadda inci 4 (100  na ruwan sama daidai da inci 30 (0.76 m) na dusar ƙanƙara ya zama ruwan dare, amma abin da dusar ƙara ke faɗuwa yayin hunturu yana ci gaba da kasancewa a duk lokacin. Hadari ba su da yawa a mafi yawan Alaska, amma suna faruwa a cikin ciki a lokacin rani tare da wasu mitar kuma suna iya haifar da gobarar daji. Anchorage yana samun tsawa a kowace 'yan shekaru. Har ma an sami tsawa mai ban mamaki a Utqiaġvik a bakin tekun Arctic. Duk da yake guguwa mai rauni da ruwa, yayin da yake da wuya sosai, wani lokacin yakan faru, ana ɗaukar Alaska a matsayin ƙasa mafi ƙarancin guguwa a Amurka.

Abubuwan da suka faru na La Niña suna haifar da bushewa da sanyi fiye da yanayin da ya dace, yayin da abubuwan da suka faru a El Niño ke haifar da zafi fiye da yanayin zafi amma ba su da alaƙa da yanayin bushe ko rigar. Ruwan sama yana ƙaruwa da 10-40% lokacin da Pacific decadal oscillation yake da kyau.

## Manazarta