Elizabeth Courtauld

**Elizabeth Courtauld** (1867-1947) ta kasance likitan Burtaniya kuma likitan kwantar da hankali, tana aiki a Indiya. Ta kasance likita mai ba da gudummawa a asibitin filin da mata ke gudanarwa (Scottish Women's Hospital) kusa da layin gaba a Faransa a lokacin yakin duniya na farko .

## Iyali da ilimin farko
Elizabeth Courtauld ita ce ta uku na masanin masana'antu da siyasa George Courtauld da Susanna Elizabeth Savill, an haife ta a ranar 2 ga Disamba 1867 a Gosfield, Essex . 'Yan uwanta tsofaffi sune Katherine Courtauld, manomi da suffragist, da Samuel Augustine Courtauld wanda ya zama darektan kamfanin iyali. Mahaifiyarta ta mutu lokacin da take matashiya.

Courtauld ta kammala karatunta a makarantar zama a Edge Hill, Wimbledon . Daga nan sai ta koma zama a gida tana da shekaru 16 inda ta sami karatun sirri a cikin batutuwa da suka hada da botany, kiɗa, zane, yanayin ƙasa, Faransanci, Jamusanci, ilimin ƙasa, 'sums' da Euclid. Lokacin da take da shekaru 19 har yanzu tana karbar darussan kiɗa da zane amma kuma tana da alhakin wasu ayyukan gida da koyar da 'yan uwanta.

## Horar da likitanci da kwarewar jinya
A farkon shekarunta na 20 Courtauld ta fara yin tafiye-tafiye masu tsawo don ziyartar abokai a Jamus, kuma ta fara karatun jinya a Cibiyar Deaconesses ta Kaiserswerth a yankin Dusselforf, wanda Theodor Fliedner ya kafa. Cibiyar ta ba da kulawa ga marasa lafiya masu bukata kuma ta ba da ilimi ga mata a cikin ƙwarewar jinya da tauhidin. Florence Nightingale ta riga ta yi karatu a can.

Ta fara la'akari da horo don zama likita amma mahaifinta bai yarda da ra'ayin ba, kuma ta fara aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya a asibitin Cheltenham a watan Janairun 1891. Ta yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya na tsawon shekaru hudu har sai da ta shiga Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta London a shekara ta 1895, tana da shekaru 28. Ta yi karatu tare da Frances Ivens da Augusta Lewin, wanda daga baya za ta yi aiki tare a Faransa. A shekara ta 1901 ta cancanci zama don lasisi na Society of Apothecaries, wanda ya ba ta damar shiga cikin Medical Register.

Ta bi wannan tare da digiri na Doctor of Medicine na Brussels ('Brussels MD') a cikin 1903. Ba ta da cancantar zama don digiri na likita a London kuma Brussels MD ta zama hanyar da aka kafa ga wasu daruruwan likitoci a irin wannan yanayi a Ingila da Wales a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.

## Ayyukan likita a Bangalore
Bayan ta cancanta ta yi aiki a asibitin Ikilisiyar Ingila zenana Mission a Bangalore, wanda Ikilisiyar Ingilishi Zenana Missionary Society ta kafa Ayyukan zenana sun hada da mata masu wa'azi a ƙasashen waje waɗanda za su iya ziyartar matan Indiya a gidajensu da nufin juyar da su zuwa Kristanci. Tsarin purdah ya sa ba zai yiwu ba ga mata da yawa na Indiya, musamman mata masu matsayi, su sami damar samun kulawa ta lafiya. Ta hanyar horo a matsayin likitoci da ma'aikatan jinya, matan Indiya sun yarda da matan aikin zenana a cikin gidajensu. Ayyukan zenana sun fadada a tsawon lokaci daga ziyarar gida zuwa asibitocin hannu a yankunan karkara, asibitoci ne kawai na mata da makarantun mata, waɗanda mata suka dauka a Burtaniya da waɗanda aka dauka da kuma horar da su a cikin gida a Indiya.

Courtauld ta bayyana kanta a matsayin "ma'aikaci mai zaman kansa, ba mai wa'azi ba". Ta yi aiki a Bangalore don sauran aikinta na sana'a ban da hidimar da ta yi a Turai a lokacin yakin duniya na farko .

## Yaƙin Duniya na farko da sabis a Royaumont
Courtauld tana hutu daga Indiya bayan barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na farko lokacin da Frances Ivens ta gayyace ta ta shiga sashin Asibitin Mata na Scotland a Royaumont, asibitin taimako tare da gadaje 200 da aka kafa a 1915. Ta yi aiki a can daga Janairu 1916 zuwa Maris 1919.

Courtauld ta kasance mai goyon bayan Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Mata ta Kasa 17 Satumba 1915  wanda ke aiki a cikin tara kuɗi ga Asibitocin Mata na Scotland. Courtauld da sauran mambobin iyalin Courtauld sun ba da gudummawa ga kudade na asibitin a Royaumont musamman 

Courtauld ya kasance mai ibada ga Anglican kuma yana gudanar da sabis na yau da kullun ga ma'aikatan asibiti har sai an watsar da wannan saboda yawan aikin a 1918. Ta kuma gudanar da ayyukan jana'izar a makabarta ta yankin lokacin da ba a sami malamin Furotesta ba.

Bayan barin Royaumont ta yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a yankunan da aka lalata na arewacin Faransa kafin ta koma Bangalore.

An ba ta lambar yabo ta Croix de Guerre  saboda aikinta na yaki.

## Rayuwa ta baya
Courtauld ta bar Bangalore kuma ta yi ritaya zuwa Greenstead Green, Essex a 1927, tana da shekaru 60 kuma ta kasance Mai kula da cocin Ikklisiya har zuwa 1946. Ta kasance mai arziki a duk rayuwarta kuma mai ba da gudummawa ga dalilai da yawa. Wadannan sun hada da kudade don gina wani asibitin marasa lafiya a asibitin Halstead don tunawa da mahaifinta, wanda ya kafa asibitin a 1884. An zabe ta mataimakiyar shugaban asibitin na farko kuma ta yi aiki a kwamitin shekaru da yawa. A lokacin da take zaune a Greenstead Green ta yi sha'awar jin daɗin ƙauyen. Ta gina gidaje da yawa a ƙauyen kuma ta samar da filin wasa na yara kusa da kore na ƙauyen.

Ta mutu a shekara ta 1947, tana da shekaru 81.

## Dubi kuma

* Asibitocin Mata na Scotland don Ayyukan Kasashen Waje
* Asibitin Mata na Scotland a Royaumont

## Manazarta