Tim Buckley

Timothy Charles Buckley III (Fabrairu 14, 1947 - Yuni 29, 1975) ya kasance mawaƙi na Amurka. Ya fara aikinsa ne a cikin dutsen gargajiya, amma daga baya ya yi gwaji tare da nau'ikan kamar psychedelia, jazz, avant-garde, da funk.

Babban kasuwancinsa ya zo ne tare da kundin Happy Sad na 1969, wanda ya kai No. 81 a kan sigogi, yayin da kundin gwaji na 1970 Starsailor ya ci gaba da zama classic cult. Wannan na ƙarshe ya ƙunshi waƙarsa mafi sananne, "Song to the Siren".

Buckley ya mutu yana da shekaru 28 daga heroin da morphine. Ya bar ɗa ɗaya na halitta, Jeff Buckley, wanda shi kansa mawaƙi ne mai daraja wanda shi ma ya mutu da ƙuruciya, da kuma ɗa mai ɗa, Taylor.

## Rayuwa ta farko da aiki
An haifi Tim Buckley a Washington, DC, a Ranar soyayya, 14 ga Fabrairu, 1947, ga Elaine (née Scalia), Ba'amurke Italiya, da Timothy Charles Buckley Jr., tsohon soja na yakin duniya na biyu  ɗan Baƙi na Irish daga County Cork .  Yana da 'yar'uwa mai suna Kathleen . Ya yi yarantakarsa a Amsterdam, New York, wani birni na masana'antu kimanin kilomita 40 (64) arewa maso yammacin Albany. A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, Buckley ya fara sauraron rikodin jazz na mahaifiyarsa, musamman Miles Davis.

Rayuwar kiɗa ta Buckley ta fara ne bayan iyalinsa suka koma Bell Gardens a kudancin California a shekarar 1956. Kakarsa ta gabatar da shi ga aikin Bessie Smith da Billie Holiday, mahaifiyarsa ga Frank Sinatra da Judy Garland kuma mahaifinsa ga kiɗan ƙasar Hank Williams da Johnny Cash . [1] Lokacin da juyin juya halin kiɗa na gargajiya ya zo a farkon shekarun 1960, Buckley yana da shekaru 13 ya koya wa kansa banjo kuma, tare da abokai da yawa, ya kafa ƙungiyar mutane da aka yi wahayi zuwa gare ta The Kingston Trio wanda ya buga abubuwan da suka faru a makarantar sakandare ta gida.[2]

## Lokacin "Jima'i
A shekara ta 1970, Buckley ya rushe ƙungiyarsa ta Starsailor kuma ya tara sabon ƙungiyar funk. Ya yanke kundi uku, *Gaisuwa daga LA*, *Sefronia* da *Dubi Wawaye* . Buckley ya rabu da yawancin magoya bayansa na hippie tare da kundin da ya gabata guda biyu, kuma kalmominsa na jima'i ("bugawa ni, bugawa ni") sun hana waƙoƙin karɓar iska, kodayake ya riƙe mabiya addini.

A shekara ta 1975, Buckley ya shiga manema labarai game da dawowar kundin rayuwa. Ya fara yin gyare-gyare na kayan da aka samo daga aikinsa, ban da Starsailor da *Lorca,* don mayar da martani ga masu sauraronsa, waɗanda ya ƙi a baya.

## Mutuwa
A ranar 28 ga Yuni, 1975, Buckley ya kammala wani ɗan gajeren yawon shakatawa tare da wasan kwaikwayo a Dallas, yana wasa ga taron mutane 1,800 da aka sayar. Ya yi bikin ƙarshen yawon shakatawa tare da karshen mako na shan giya tare da ƙungiyarsa da abokansa. A yammacin ranar 29 ga Yuni, ya bi abokinsa na dogon lokaci Richard Keeling zuwa gidansa. A wani lokaci, Keeling ya samar da jaka na heroin,  wasu daga cikinsu Buckley ya yi numfashi.

Abokan Buckley sun kai shi gida kuma, ganin yadda ya bugu, matarsa Judy ta kwantar da shi a kan bene na dakin zama kuma ta tambayi abokansa game da abin da ya faru. Ta tura Buckley cikin gado. Lokacin da ta bincika shi daga baya, ta gano cewa ba ya numfashi kuma ya juya shuɗi. Kokarin da abokai da likitoci suka yi don farfado da shi bai yi nasara ba, kuma an bayyana shi ya mutu lokacin da ya isa.

## Hanyar da jinsi
A ƙarshen shekarun 1960, Buckley ya fara haɗa abubuwa na **jazz**, yana jawo wahayi daga mawaƙa kamar Charles Mingus da Thelonious Monk.  Kundin sa na uku, Happy Sad (1969), ya nuna canjin salo, yana gabatar da waƙoƙi masu tsawo, ingantawa, da tsarin waƙoƙin da ba na al'ada ba.

## Manazarta