Mutumin da aka tsare shi

**Ghost detention** wani lokaci ne da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin reshen zartarwa na gwamnatin Amurka don sanya mutumin da aka tsare a cibiyar tsare wanda aka ɓoye shi ta hanyar kiyaye su ba tare da rajista ba sabili da haka ba a san su ba. Irin wannan amfani ya tashi yayin da gwamnatin Bush ta fara yaki da ta'addanci bayan Hare-haren 9/11 na 2001 a Amurka. Kamar yadda aka rubuta a cikin *Rahoton Taguba* na 2004, jami'an Amurka da 'yan kwangila na Cibiyar Tambaya da Tattaunawa ta hadin gwiwa a gidan yarin Abu Ghraib a Iraki a 2003-2004. 

A cewar Darakta na Hukumar leken asiri ta tsakiya Michael Hayden a cikin 2007, CIA ta tsare mutane 100 a wuraren sirri a kasashen waje da aka sani da shafukan baki tun lokacin da aka kama mai zargin al Qaeda Abu Zubaydah a shekara ta 2002.

Ɗaya daga cikin misalai shine Khalid El-Masri, ɗan ƙasar Jamus wanda CIA ta sace a Makidoniya a watan Janairun shekara ta 2004. An kai shi wani shafin baƙar fata na CIA a Afghanistan, wanda aka sani da Salt Pit, don yin tambayoyi a karkashin 'ƙarin hanyoyin yin tambayoyi' (torture) kafin a ƙaddara shi ba shi da laifi a watan Maris kuma a ƙarshe an sake shi a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2004 bayan wasu ƙarin jinkiri. An ce sace shi lamari ne na kuskuren ainihi. Jamus da farko ta yi iƙirarin cewa ba ta san sace-sacen el-Masri ba har sai da ya dawo kasar a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2004. Amma, a ranar 1 ga Yuni, 2006, BND (ofishin leken asiri na Jamus) ya bayyana cewa ya san game da kwace El-Masri watanni 16 kafin a sanar da Jamus a hukumance game da kama shi.

A cikin wani rahoto na shekara ta 2007, Human Rights Watch ta ba da labarin da'awar wani wanda ake zargi da fatalwa, Marwan Jabour, Palasdinawa wanda aka kama a Lahore, Pakistan, a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2004.  Ya yi iƙirarin cewa an tsare shi fiye da wata ɗaya a wani wurin tsare sirri wanda 'yan Pakistan da Amurkawa ke sarrafawa a Islamabad. An kai shi kurkuku na CIA a Afghanistan, inda aka tsare shi a asirce, tsare-tsare ba tare da sadarwa ba fiye da shekaru biyu. A lokacin wahalarsa, an azabtar da shi, an yi masa duka, an tilasta masa ya kasance a farke na kwanaki, kuma an tsare shi tsirara kuma an ɗaure shi a bango fiye da wata ɗaya.

Akalla fursunoni 39 waɗanda CIA ta taɓa tsare su a ɓoye sun kasance "sun ɓace," a cewar Off the Record, wani rahoto da aka buga tare a ranar 7 ga Yuni, 2007 ta manyan kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam guda shida, gami da Amnesty International, Cibiyar Kare Hakkin Tsarin Mulki, Cibiyar 'Yancin Dan Adam da Adalci ta Duniya, da Human Rights Watch. Masu magana da yawun sun ce rahotonsu

## Abu Ghraib's ghost fursunoni
Ayyukan fatalwa sun fara samun kulawa sosai a shekara ta 2005 lokacin da The Washington Post ta karya wani labarin da ke nuna cewa Sojojin Amurka da CIA suna tsare "maƙiyan abokan gaba ba bisa ka'ida ba" a gidan yarin Abu Ghraib a Iraki tare da kadan ko babu tsari. A cewar labarin, CIA ta nemi jami'an leken asiri na soja da su bar su da su ba da gida ga fursunonin fatalwa a Abu Ghraib a watan Satumba na shekara ta 2003 kuma sun ba da shawarar yarjejeniyar fahimta tsakanin hukumomin kan batun a watan Nuwamba. Sojoji da Ma'aikatar Tsaro sun yarda cewa Amurka ta yi amfani da fatalwa a baya, amma sun ce an iyakance shi ga abubuwan da suka faru. A cewar takardun da Post ta samu, "an kawo fursunonin CIA da ba a yi rajista ba zuwa Abu Ghraib sau da yawa a mako a ƙarshen 2003.

The Post ya nuna a *Matsayi* shaida Rahoton 2004 na Manjo Janar Antonio Taguba:

Lokacin da labarai game da wanda aka tsare kawai da suna Triple X ya zama sananne ga jama'a a ƙarshen 2003, an tambayi Sakataren Tsaro na Amurka Donald Rumsfeld game da shi. Rumsfeld ya kauce, kuma ya yi hasashe game da dalilin da ya sa wani zai so ya ɓoye fursuna daga Red Cross. Ana ɗaukar wannan Laifin yaki a ƙarƙashin dokar kasa da kasa.

A ranar 9 ga Satumba, 2004, Janar Paul J. Kern ya ba da shaida a gaban Kwamitin Ayyukan Sojoji na Majalisar Dattijai, yana mai bayyana cewa binciken da ya jagoranci ya gano cewa Sojoji sun ba da hadin kai ga CIA wajen ɓoye yawancin fursunonin fatalwa daga Red Cross. Kern ya gaya wa kwamitin cewa akwai yiwuwar mutane 100 da aka tsare.

## Rashin amincewa
Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch  da sauran kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu (NGOs) sun soki wannan aikin kamar yadda bai dace ba kuma ba bisa ka'ida ba; yana hana waɗannan fursunoni yin hulɗa da masu dubawa da masu kare hakkin dan adam, kuma iyalan fursunoni dole ne su magance " bacewar tilasta". Wani rahoto na 2005 na Amnesty International ya nuna cewa ana iya tsare fiye da fursunonin fatalwa 100 a shafukan yanar gizo na Amurka a lokacin bugawa.

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2005, Irene Khan na Amnesty International ta yi magana game da batun a cikin jawabi:A cewar majiyoyin hukuma na Amurka akwai yiwuwar samun fiye da mutum ɗari da aka tsare a Amurka. A shekara ta 2004, dubban mutane sun tsare a Iraki, daruruwan a Afghanistan, da kuma lambobin da ba a bayyana ba a wuraren da ba a gano su ba. AI (Amnesty International) tana kira ga gwamnatin Amurka da ta "kulle Guantanamo kuma ta bayyana sauran. " Abin da muke nufi da wannan shine: ko dai saki fursunoni ko caji da kuma gurfanar da su da tsari da ya dace.

## Dubi kuma

* Kurkukun baƙi (China) 
* Nacht und Nebel (Nazi Jamus) 
* Shafukan baki
* Hakkin umurni
* "Maƙiya masu yaƙi", matsayin doka da aka amince da shi a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar Geneva- game da fursunonin yaki da fararen hula
* Rashin da aka tilasta
* Bayani mai ban mamaki

## Manazarta