Jami'ar Cape Town

**Jami'ar Cape Town** ( **UCT** ) jami'ar bincike ce ta jama'a a Cape Town, Afirka ta Kudu. An kafa shi a cikin 1829 a matsayin Kwalejin Afirka ta Kudu, an ba shi cikakken matsayin jami'a a cikin 1918, wanda ya sa ta zama jami'a mafi tsufa a Afirka ta Kudu kuma tsohuwar jami'a a yankin Saharar Afirka a ci gaba da aiki. 

An shirya UCT a cikin sassan 57 a cikin manyan jami'o'i shida da ke ba da digiri na farko ( NQF 7 ) zuwa digiri na digiri ( NQF 10 ) a cikin harshen Ingilishi kawai.  Gida ga ɗalibai 30,000, ya ƙunshi cibiyoyi shida a cikin yankunan Capetonian na Rondebosch, Hiddingh, Observatory, Mowbray, da Waterfront. Shine ɗan Afirka ɗaya tilo a cikin Ƙungiyar Shugabannin Jami'o'i ta Duniya (GULF) a cikin taron tattalin arzikin duniya, wanda ya ƙunshi manyan jami'o'i 26 na duniya. 

Tsofaffi biyar, membobin ma'aikata, da masu bincike da ke da alaƙa da UCT sun sami lambar yabo ta Nobel . Ma'aikata 88 suna cikin Kwalejin Kimiyya na Afirka ta Kudu . 

## Tarihi

### Tarihin farko
An kafa Jami'ar Cape Town a wani taro a Groote Kerk a 1829 a matsayin Kwalejin Afirka ta Kudu, makarantar sakandare ga samari. Kwalejin tana da ƙaramin ɗakin karatu na manyan makarantu, wanda aka gabatar a cikin 1874  wanda ya girma sosai bayan 1880, lokacin da aka gano zinare da lu'u-lu'u a arewa - da sakamakon buƙatun ƙwarewar haƙar ma'adinai - ya ba ta haɓakar kuɗi da ake buƙata don girma. Kwalejin ta ci gaba da zama cikakkiyar jami'a a tsakanin shekarun 1880 zuwa 1900, godiya ga karuwar kudade daga kafofin masu zaman kansu da kuma gwamnati.

A cikin wadannan shekaru, kwalejin ta gina dakunan gwaje-gwajen kimiyya na farko, sannan ta fara sassan da suka shafi ma'adinai da ilmin kasa domin biyan bukatuwar kwararrun ma'aikata a masana'antar lu'u-lu'u da zinare da ke tasowa a kasar. Charles Davidson Bell, Babban Jami'in Bincike na Cape Colony ne ya tsara UCT a cikin 1859. Bell kwararre ne mai fasaha wanda kuma ya kera lambobin yabo da tambarin Cape triangular. Wani muhimmin ci gaba a wannan lokacin shine shigar da mata. A cikin 1886 farfesa a fannin ilmin sinadarai, Paul Daniel Hahn, ya shawo kan majalisar ta shigar da mata hudu cikin ajinsa na ilmin sinadarai bisa gwaji. Dangane da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun aikin ɗaliban mata, kwalejin ta yanke shawarar shigar da ɗalibai mata na dindindin don girmama Jubilee Diamond na Sarauniya Victoria a 1887.

Shekaru 1902 zuwa 1918 sun ga kafa Makarantar Likitanci, gabatar da darussan injiniya da Sashen Ilimi. An kafa UCT bisa ƙa'ida a matsayin jami'a a cikin 1918,  bisa ga wasiƙar Alfred Beit da ƙarin kyautai masu yawa daga ma'adanai Julius Wernher da Otto Beit . Sabuwar jami'ar ta kuma sami tallafi mai yawa daga masu fatan alheri a yankin Cape Town da kuma, a karon farko, wani gagarumin tallafi na jiha.

A cikin 1928, jami'ar ta sami damar matsar da mafi yawan kayan aikinta zuwa Groote Schuur a kan gangaren Dutsen Iblis, a kan ƙasar da Cecil John Rhodes ya yi wa al'umma wasiyya a matsayin rukunin jami'a ta ƙasa. UCT ta yi bikin cika shekaru ɗari a shekara mai zuwa.

## Harabar Karatu

Babban harabar koyarwa, wanda aka sani da Upper Campus, yana kan Estate Rhodes a kan gangaren kololuwar Iblis . Wannan harabar ya ƙunshi, a cikin ɗan ƙaramin wuri, ikon ilimin Kimiyya, Injiniya, Kasuwanci, da Humanities (ban da sassan fasaha), da kuma wuraren zama na Smuts Hall da Fuller Hall. Upper Campus ya dogara ne akan Zauren Sarah Baartman, wurin kammala karatun digiri da sauran al'amuran biki, da kuma gwaje-gwaje da yawa. JM Solomon ne ya tsara gine-gine na asali da tsarin Babban Campus kuma an gina su tsakanin 1928 zuwa 1930. Tun daga wannan lokacin, an ƙara ƙarin gine-gine da yawa yayin da jami'ar ta girma. Upper Campus kuma gida ne ga babban ɗakin karatu, ɗakin karatu na Chancellor Oppenheimer, wanda ke riƙe da mafi yawan jami'a 1.3&nbsp;tarin juzu'i miliyan.

Mai ci gaba da Babban Harabar, amma an raba shi da filayen wasanni na jami'a da babbar hanyar M3, su ne Makarantun Tsakiya da Ƙananan. Wadannan cibiyoyin karatun, waɗanda aka yada ta cikin yankunan Rondebosch, Rosebank da Mowbray, sun ƙunshi Makarantar Shari'a, Kwalejin Kiɗa na Afirka ta Kudu, Makarantar Tattalin Arziki, yawancin wuraren zama na ɗalibai, yawancin ofisoshin gudanarwa na jami'a, da wurare daban-daban na wasanni. . Hukumar kwallon kafa ta duniya FIFA ta amince da tsarin wasan kwallon kafa na ciyawa don horar da kungiyoyin gasar cin kofin duniya .  Babban, Tsakiya da Ƙasashe tare ana kiransa "babban harabar".

Makarantar Kimiyyar Kiwon Lafiya tana kan harabar Makarantar Likita kusa da Asibitin Groote Schuur a Observatory . Sashen Fine Arts da Drama suna kan Harabar Hiddingh a tsakiyar Cape Town . Asalin ginin jami'ar, wanda yanzu aka sani da *Ginin Masar*, a harabar Hiddingh, an gina shi a cikin salon Tarurrukan Masarawa . Sauran harabar da aka gina ta wannan salon ita ce Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Virginia da ke Richmond, Virginia a Amurka. Makarantar Kasuwanci ta UCT tana kan Harabar Breakwater Lodge a Victoria &amp;amp; Alfred Waterfront .

## Ƙungiya

### Gudanarwa da mulki

Jami'ar Cape Town an kafa asali ne a matsayin jami'ar jama'a ta wani aiki mai zaman kansa na Majalisar a cikin 1918. A halin yanzu an haɗa shi kuma an tsara shi ta hanyar ka'idar hukuma da aka bayar a ƙarƙashin tanadin Dokar Ilimi mafi girma, 1997 .

Shugaban jami'ar shine Chancellor ; wannan matsayi ne na bikin ba tare da ikon zartarwa ba. Babban aikin shugaban jami'a shine bayar da digiri a madadin jami'a, da kuma wakilci jami'ar ga sauran kasashen duniya.  Chancellor na yanzu ɗan kasuwa ne kuma mai ba da agaji Precious Moloi-Motsepe wanda aka zaɓa a watan Nuwamba 2019 kuma ya ɗauki aikin a ranar 1 ga Janairu 2020  bayan karewar Ms Graça Machel ta biyu a jere na shekaru 10.

### Bangaren ilimi
Jami'ar ta ƙunshi Faculties guda shida (Kasuwanci, Injiniya da Gina Muhalli, Kimiyyar Lafiya, Shari'a, Kimiyya da Ilimin Dan Adam) waɗanda suka haɗa da sassa 57.  Dean  ne ke ba da ikon koyarwa kuma Darakta ne ke gudanar da ayyukan su na gudanarwa da gudanarwa. Majalisar dattijai ta ba wa manyan jami'o'in iko iko a cikin lamuran ilimi kan ka'idojin cikin gida da gudanar da su kamar kan batutuwan da suka shafi jaddawalin aji, buƙatun shigar da karatu, keɓe ilimi, jarrabawa, ayyukan bincike da sauransu. Faculty sun bambanta sosai a girman ɗalibi kuma a cikin gine-ginen da aka mamaye, tare da sashin Kasuwancin yana da mafi girman yawan ɗalibai kuma sashin doka yana da mafi ƙanƙanta yayin da sashin ilimin ɗan adam ya mamaye mafi yawan gine-ginen da Faculty of Health Sciences tare da Kasuwanci da ikon Doka suna da ( ta nisa) mafi ƙarancin sawun jiki. 

Duk da rukunonin bincike da cibiyoyi, akwai ƙarin tsarin ilimi waɗanda ke nisanta tsarin ƙungiyoyin da suka dogara da su. Cibiyar Ilimi ta Multidisciplinary don Haɓaka Ilimi mai zurfi tana kan matakin daidai kamar yadda ikon tunani da Makarantar Digiri na Kasuwanci ta UCT ke kula da lamuran cikin gida duk da kasancewar suna cikin Sashen Kasuwanci. Makarantar Fasahar Watsa Labarai ta Interdisciplinary, wacce ta ƙunshi Sassan Tsarin Watsa Labarai da na Kimiyyar Kwamfuta a cikin Kasuwanci da ikon ilimin kimiyya ba malami ba ne kuma ba sashe bane amma tsarin daidaitawa don haɓaka ilimin IT da bincike. 

An jera sassan makarantun kamar haka:

**Tsangayar Kasuwanci** 

* Kwalejin Accounting
* Makarantar Tattalin Arziki (wanda aka kafa tare da Faculty of Humanities)
* Ma'aikatar Kudi da Haraji
* Sashen Watsa Labarai
* Makarantar Mulkin Jama'a ta Nelson Mandela
* Makarantar Nazarin Gudanarwa
* Sashin Cigaban Ilimi
* Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Graduate

**Tsangayar Injiniya da Gina Muhalli** 
 
**Makarantar Kimiyyar Lafiya** 
 

## Sanannen tsofaffin ɗalibai da ma'aikata
 Christiaan Barnard wanda ya yi wa ɗan adam dashen zuciya na farko ya kasance tsofaffi kuma malamiNobel Prize for Literature Laureate, JM CoetzeeTsohuwar Mataimakin Shugaban UCT kuma Manajan Darakta na Bankin Duniya, Mamphela RampheleTsofaffi biyar na Jami'ar Cape Town sun sami lambar yabo ta Nobel: Ralph Bunche, masanin kimiyyar siyasa na Amurka kuma jami'in diflomasiyya ya ba da lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Nobel a 1950 saboda rawar da ya taka a cikin Yarjejeniyar Armistice na 1949, Farfesa Allan McLeod Cormack, masanin kimiyyar lissafi ya ba da kyautar Nobel a fannin likitanci. (1979) don aikinsa akan X-ray da aka lissafta tomography, Max Theiler, virologist ya ba da lambar yabo ta Nobel a cikin Physiology ko Medicine a 1951 don haɓaka maganin rigakafi da zazzabin rawaya, Sir Aaron Klug, masanin ilimin kimiyya da biophysicist sun ba da lambar yabo ta Nobel a Chemistry (1982). ) don ci gabansa na microscopy electron crystallographic da kuma tsarin tsarinsa na mahimmancin kwayoyin acid-protein na kwayoyin halitta da kuma Farfesa Emeritus JM Coetzee ( Littattafai, 2003). 

Daliban UCT sun ci gaba da samun mukamai a fannin ilimi, siyasa da sauran fannoni kamar haka. Dangane da binciken da ba takwarorinsu ba wanda Mail &amp;amp; Guardian suka gudanar a cikin 2018, 6% na membobin Majalisar Afirka ta Kudu sun sami digiri daga UCT (binciken yana da samfurin 247 daga cikin 449 MPs).  Ministocin Majalisar Dokokin Afirka ta Kudu, Naledi Pandor da Ebrahim Patel, tsohon Mataimakin Shugaban Bankin Duniya kuma tsohon Mataimakin Shugaban Hukumar UCT, Mamphela Ramphele, Likitan likitan Afirka ta Kudu Christiaan Barnard,  marubuci ɗan Afirka ta Kudu Breyten Breytenbach,  Kudu Dan kasuwa na Afirka kuma mai kirkiro a bayan Ubuntu, Mark Shuttleworth, dan gwagwarmayar Afirka ta Kudu kuma alkali Albie Sachs,  tsohon memba na kungiyar kiɗan Afirka ta Kudu Freshlyground, Zolani Mahola,  ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Afirka ta Kudu Zapiro  da kuma tsohon kakakin Nationalasa. Majalisar Afirka ta Kudu, Baleka Mbete  suna cikin tsofaffin daliban jami'a. Da fatan za a koma zuwa Jerin Manyan tsofaffin tsofaffi na Jami'ar Cape Town don ƙarin bayani kan fitattun tsofaffin ɗaliban UCT.

## Hotuna

Fayil:University_of_Cape_Town_-_panoramio.jpg|alt=Memorial Plaza on Upper Campus viewed from the columns of the Sarah Baartman Hall|Plaza Memorial on Upper Campus da aka duba daga ginshiƙan Zauren Sarah Baartman
Fayil:University_of_Cape_Town_-_panoramio_(3).jpg|alt=The Oracle Fountain next to the Department of Mathematics Building; inspired by the I Ching trigrams on the Taoist sun disc|Fountain Oracle kusa da Ginin Sashen Lissafi; wani dagaI Ching trigramsakan faifan ranaTaoist
Fayil:Fuller_Hall,_University_of_Cape_Town.jpg|alt=Fuller Hall, a student residence on Upper Campus built in 1928|Fuller Hall, cikin ɗalibi a Upper Campus wanda aka gina a cikin 1928
Fayil:UCT_rugby_fields.jpg|alt=The rugby fields that separate the Upper Campus and Middle Campus|Filayen rugby ke raba Babban Harabar da Tsakiya
Fayil:Cape_Town_M3_passing_UCT.jpg|alt=The M3 highway that separates the Upper Campus and Middle Campus; a tunnel beneath the highway connects the two campuses.| Babbar hanyar M3da ke raba Babban Harabar da Tsakiya; wani rami da ke babbar hanyar ya kawo da biyu.
Fayil:UCT_Middle_Campus_-_The_Japonica_Walk_02.JPG|alt=The Japonica Walk, a footpath connecting the Upper, Middle and Lower Campuses; it is lined with various flora, including japonica flowers and oak trees.|Tafiya ta Japonica, hanyar tashar da ta matakan da yanken Sama, Tsakiya da kulawa; an lullube shi da furanni iri-iri, gami dafuranni japonicada bishiyar itacen oak.
Fayil:Devil's_Peak_seen_up_Japonica_Walk.jpg|alt=The Japonica Walk, looking towards the Summer House Pavilion|Tafiya ta Japonica, tana kallon Pavilion na Gidan ajiye
Fayil:The_Summer_House,_UCT_Middle_Campus.jpg|alt=The Summer House Pavilion, built c. 1760, is one of the oldest buildings in South Africa.|Gidan Gidan Rani, wanda aka gina, yana daga daga cikin dalilan gine-gine a Afirka ta Kudu.
Fayil:Woolsack.jpg|alt=The Woolsack Building; it was a refuge for writers and artists, and also where Rudyard Kipling spent his summers between 1900 and 1908.|Ginin Woolsack; shafin ce ga marubuta da masu fasaha, sannan kuma indaRudyard Kiplingya shafe lokacin tsakanin 1900 zuwa 1908.
Fayil:UCT_Jammie_steps.jpg|alt=The famous steps on Upper Campus leading up to the Sarah Baartman Hall, nicknamed the "Jammie steps"|Shahararrun gaggawa da ke kan Babban Harabar da ke kai wa Sarah Baartman Hall, wanda ake yi wa lakabi da "Jammie alamar"
Fayil:Kaapstad27.JPG|alt=The Jagger Library, housing rare books and special collections|Laburaren Jagger, littattafan litattafai masu wuyar gaske da tarin musamman
Fayil:Kaapstad33.JPG|alt=View from the Chancellor Oppenheimer Library|Duba daga Laburaren Chancellor Oppenheimer
Fayil:FitzPatrick_Institute_1.jpg|alt=Entrance to the FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology|ShigaPaul FitzPatrick na Afirka ta Ornithology
Fayil:Mowbray_3_Avenue_Road.JPG|alt=Student Housing and Residence Life Building|Gidan Dalibai da Gina Rayuwa
Fayil:Breakwater_Prison.jpg|alt=The Breakwater Lodge, which houses the UCT Graduate School of Business|TheBreakwater Lodge, wanda ke daUCT Graduate School of Business
Fayil:UCT_Leslie_Social_Science_classroom.JPG|alt=A lecture theatre in the Leslie Social Science Building (Faculty of Humanities)|Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na lecture a cikin Leslie Social Science Building (Faculty of Humanities)


## Magana