open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Kabari na Black Pioneers, Euharlee

Kabarin Black Pioneers a Euharlee, Georgia an yi amfani da shi daga kimanin 1830-1900, kuma yana da kaburbura sama da 300. An manta da shi sosai har zuwa 2002 lokacin da Euharlee Historical Society ta ceci shafin daga ci gaba. 

## Yanayin ƙasa
Wannan makabartar tana cikin Euharlee, Jojiya a kan Covered Bridge Road tsakanin Euharle Baptist Church da Euharley Presbyterian Church. Har zuwa shekara ta 2002 wannan yanki yanki ne na itatuwan pine da bishiyoyi waɗanda ba su da ma'ana. Wannan ya fara canzawa lokacin da shirye-shiryen suka tashi don sanya gini a wannan shafin.

## Bincike
Mary Ellen Taff na Euharlee Historical Society ta sanar da jami'an birni game da wanzuwar makabartar. Misis Taff ta yi imanin cewa jana'izar ta ƙarshe ta kasance a cikin 1900 kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aka manta da wannan makabartar. Yawancin masu sa kai na al'umma sun ba da gudummawa ga lokaci da ƙoƙari don share bishiyoyi da itatuwan inabi waɗanda suka girma a wannan yanki na kusan acre ɗaya. Carlton Ethridge, Shugaban Tsaro na Tarihin Tarihi na Etowah Valley, sannan ya gano kuma ya sanya alama a kaburbura. " [1] Zuriyar Goodes da Godhighs, biyu daga cikin iyalan baƙar fata na farko, sun yi shaidar tabbatar da cewa yankin wuri ne na hutawa na ƙarshe ga wasu daga cikin danginsu. " A ranar 17 ga watan Agusta, 2002 Euharlee Historical Society ta keɓe alamar wannan makabartar. A wannan lokacin alamar, wacce Euharlee Historical Society ta saya kawai ta karanta "Black Pioneers Cemetery Circa 1830-1900." Duk wannan an yi shi ne don tabbatar da cewa ba za a sake mantawa da waɗannan baƙar fata da makabarta ba.[2]￼

## Tarihi
A tarihi iyalai baƙar fata da fararen iyalai sun halarci coci tare. Wannan ya faru ne kafin iyalai baƙar fata su kafa nasu majami'u da makabarta. A cikin tarihin majami'u biyu da ke makwabtaka, an jera mambobi masu launin fata ko "launi" a kan litattafan coci.

## Yanzu

A yau alamar ta karanta "Black Pioneers Cemetery, Circa 1830-1900, kaburbura 333 da aka yi alama sun kasance a cikin 2001," kuma yanzu yana da sunayen mutane biyu da aka tuna cewa an binne su a can. A cikin 2007 Eagle Scouts sun yi gicciye na katako kuma sun sanya su a ko'ina cikin makabartar.

## Manazarta
Kwalejin St Mary, Adelaide

**Kwalejin St Mary** makaranta ce mai zaman kanta ta Katolika ta firamare da sakandare ga 'yan mata da ke cikin "murabba'in mil" na birnin Adelaide, Kudancin Ostiraliya.

## Tarihi
Bisa buƙatar Laurence Sheil, Bishop na Adelaide a lokacin, Kwalejin St Mary's ta samo asali ne daga 'Yan'uwan Dominican, waɗanda suka zo daga Convent na Dominican da ke Cabra, Ireland, a matsayin masu wa'azi. An aza harsashin ginin a shekarar 1868. ' Yan'uwan St Joseph na Zuciya Mai Tsarki sun ba da ilimin firamare ga ɗalibai daga ƙananan matsayi na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki, yayin da 'Yan'uwan Dominican suka ɗauki nauyin 'yan mata masu matsakaicin matsayi daga Katolika da sauran addinai waɗanda iyayensu za su iya biyan kuɗin karatunsu bayan firamare. Ita ce makarantar 'yan mata mafi tsufa da ke ci gaba da gudanar da karatunsu a Kudancin Ostiraliya; asalinta tana cikin ƙananan gidaje a West Terrace da Franklin Street, tare da gidan ibada da cocin coci tun lokacin da 'yan mata suka fara kafa makarantar har yanzu tana nan a yau.

## Malamai
A shekarar 2021, 'yan mata sama da 800 ne suka halarci makarantar a azuzuwa daga Makarantar Liyafa (shekaru 5) zuwa shekara ta 12 (shekaru 17-18).

## Gidaje
Lokacin da ɗalibai suka fara yin rajista a St. Mary's, ana tura su zuwa ɗaya daga cikin gidajen wasanni huɗu da ke makarantar; St Mary's, St Dominics, St Catherines da St Thomas. Kowace shekara, waɗannan ƙungiyoyi suna fafatawa da juna a cikin tarurruka kamar Ranar Wasanni, da sauran ƙananan wasannin cin abincin rana kamar Kwando, Kwallon raga da Wasan Volleyball.

## Shirye-shiryen Nutsewa
St Mary's tana zaɓar ɗaliban aji 11 don halartar aikin hajji kowace shekara. Ɗaya daga cikinsu ana kiransa "Tafiyar Ƙasa," kuma tana zaɓar 'yan mata 6 zuwa 8 don yin tafiya zuwa ƙasashen APY don ziyartar al'ummar ' yan asalin ƙasar. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;.

Sauran aikin hajjin shine zuwa Vietnam. A shekarar 2005, 2006, 2007, da 2008, ɗaliban Kwalejin St Mary da Kwalejin 'Yan'uwa Kiristoci sun haɗu don shiga aikin Hajji zuwa Vietnam. Babban abin da aka fi mayar da hankali a kai na aikin Hajjin shi ne bayar da hidima da aiki tare da yara marayu da nakasassu a Phu My Orphanage da ke gundumar Thi Nghe, Saigon. Ƙungiyar ' Yan'uwa Mata ta St Paul de Charters ce ke gudanar da gidan marayu, kuma yana ɗauke da yara sama da 300. Duk da haka, saboda sabbin shugabannin makarantar Vietnam, St Mary's ta dakatar da ziyararta zuwa Vietnam a shekarar 2019.

## Manazarta
Kabari na Basket Creek

Kabarin Basket Creek, wanda aka fi sani da Kabarin Cocin Baptist na Basket Creek, wani kabari ne na tarihin Afirka na Amurka wanda aka kafa a 1886 kuma yana kan 7829 Capps Ferry Road kusa da Douglasville a Douglas County, Georgia, Amurka.   Yana da nau'in makabartar Kudancin Folk kuma har yanzu yana dauke da kaburbura na gargajiya. An jera shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places tun daga Mayu 20, 2009, saboda gudummawar da ya bayar ga al'adun Afirka ta Amirka.

## Tarihi
An kafa Kabari na Basket Creek a 1886, kuma yana kusa da Douglasville, kimanin kilomita 25 kudu maso yammacin garin Atlanta, Jojiya. Da yake kusa da shi shine Kabari na Iyali na Chapman, wurin binnewa ga fararen iyali, wanda ba shi da alaƙa ta tarihi da Kabari na Basket Creek . 

Kabarin Basket Creek ya ƙunshi sanannun kaburbura 110 na Black membobin Cocin Baptist na Basket Creek . [1] Wannan makabartar an rarraba ta a matsayin salon Kudancin Folk, wanda ke da alamun kaburbura, ƙasa mai laushi, wuri a saman tudu, gabas zuwa yammacin kabarin, alamun kabarin da kayan ado da aka yi ta amfani da kayan da ke cikin gida (ba a sayar da su ba), wasu nau'ikan ciyayi, amfani da mafaka na kabarin, da kuma shaidar sadaukarwa ga Allah da / ko iyali a cikin hanyar tunawa.[1] Wasu wasu halaye na irin makabartar Kudancin Folk sun hada da makircin iyali, jana'izar matar zuwa hagu, da jana'izar ƙafa zuwa gabas.[1]￼

Wannan wurin misali ne mai ban sha'awa na rayuwar al'adar jana'izar cocin Afirka ta Amurka na Hawan kabari;  al'ada ce da ke da tushe a Yammacin Afirka. Kabarin Basket Creek shine kawai misalin da aka rubuta na kabari a jihar Georgia.

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin tuddai na binnewa a Amurka
* Isaac Nettles Kabari a Alabama
* Jerin wuraren tarihi na kasa a cikin Douglas County, Jojiya

## Manazarta
Kabari na Jama'a na Westview

Fayil:Westview_Cemetery_-_Pompano_Beach_(1).jpg
Fayil:Westview_Cemetery_-_Pompano_Beach_(2).jpg
Fayil:Westview_Cemetery_-_Pompano_Beach_(3).jpg
Fayil:Westview_Cemetery_-_Pompano_Beach_(4).jpg
Fayil:Westview_Cemetery_-_Pompano_Beach_(5).jpg
Fayil:Westview_Cemetery_-_Pompano_Beach_(6).jpg
Fayil:Westview_Cemetery_-_Pompano_Beach_(7).jpg
Fayil:Esther_Rolle's_gravesite_at_Westview_Community_Cemetery_in_Pompano_Beach_FL.jpg


Kabarin Al'umma na Westview wani kabari ne na baƙar fata na tarihi a Pompano Beach, Florida .

An halicce shi a 1952 a lokacin wariyar launin fata lokacin da ba za a iya binne baƙar fata tare da fararen fata a Florida ba. Paul Hunter, Sr., wani dan kasuwa na gida, ya ba da gudummawar ƙasar don makabartar, don karɓar binnewar baƙar fata na Amurka a Pompano Beach.

Shi ne wurin hutawa na karshe na Esther Rolle (1920-1998), wata 'yar wasan kwaikwayo da ta shahara ga sitcom na 1970s Good Times, da biyu daga cikin' yan uwanta mata, 'yan wasan kwaikwayo Estelle Evans (1906-1985) da Rosanna Carter (1918-2016).￼

Kwamitin da ke kula da makabarta ya sayar da kadada huɗu da ba a yi amfani da su ba tare da makabartawa don dala miliyan 1.4 ga mai haɓaka ƙasa na kasuwanci a cikin 2023. Walter Hunter, shugaban kwamitin, ya ce za a yi amfani da kuɗin daga siyarwar don inganta yanayin makabartar.

## Gidan wasan kwaikwayo

## Manazarta
Kabari na Fure-fure

Kabarin Tiger Flowers wani kabari ne na tarihi ga 'yan Afirka na Afirka a Lakeland, Florida . Yawancin jana'izarsa suna cikin kabari. Yanzu mallakar birni ce kuma ta yi gwagwarmaya da matsalolin kulawa da kuma rashin adana rikodin.

An sanya wa makabarta suna ne ga ɗan dambe Tiger Flowers . [1] Kabari sun hada da Henry Wilkins Chandler . Surukinsa Dokta David John Simpson, wanda ya kula da yawancin marasa lafiya na Mutanen Espanya na yankin, an binne shi a can.[2]￼

An raba makabarta a yankin kuma Kabarin Tiger Flowers yana kusa da Kabarin Roselawn wanda ya haɗa da sashi na sojojin Confederate. Maido da wani mutum-mutumi na Confederate daga Lakeland's Munn Park zuwa sashin Confederate na Roselawn Cemetery mai nisan mil 1/4 daga wurin binnewar Afirka ta Amurka an yi la'akari da birnin.

## Manazarta
0.01 (album)

***0.01*** shi ne kundi na farko na H3llb3nt, wanda aka saki a ranar 20 ga Fabrairu, 1996 ta Fifth Colvmn Records. *Sonic Boom* ya kira 0.01 "na'ura mai ƙayyadadden ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadammar ƙayyadamsun ƙayƙara wanda ke yin fums tare da rami duk nasa" kuma kawai ya soki kundin saboda ya yi gajeren lokaci.

## Ma'aikata
An daidaita shi daga bayanan layi na *0.01*.

* Bryan Barton
* Charles Levi
* Jared Louche
* Jordan Nogood - zane&nbsp;
* Eric Powell
* Ben BABOOSHAN
* j-den fam

**Ƙarin mawaƙa**

* Jon Irish
* Dylan Thomas More
* Ned Wahl
* Rob Williams

**Fitarwa**

* John Golden - samarwa, injiniya, gauraya&nbsp;
* H3llb3nt - injiniya, gauraya&nbsp;
* Greg Reierson - mastering&nbsp;Gudanarwa

## Tarihin saki

## Haɗin waje

* *0.01* a Discogs (jerin sakonni)

## Manazarta
Ecosia

**Ecosia** (wanda aka samo daga "eco" da "utopia" ) kungiya ce mai zaman kanta da ke zaune a Berlin, Jamus. Yana gudanar da Injin bincike intanet mai suna, wanda aka ƙaddamar a ranar 7 ga Disamba 2009 don ya dace da Tattaunawar yanayi ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Copenhagen. Kwanan nan kungiyar ta ƙaddamar da ƙarin samfuran kamar mai binciken yanar gizo mai suna.

## Ayyuka

### Ecosia
Ecosia tana ba da haɗin sakamakon bincike daga Yahoo!, Google,  Bing da Wikipedia.  Ya zuwa 2023, yana samun sakamakon bincikensa galibi daga Google.

Yahoo! da Microsoft Advertising suna isar da tallace-tallace a matsayin wani ɓangare na yarjejeniyar raba kudaden shiga tare da kamfanin.

### Ecosia Chat
Ecosia Chat wani AI chatbot ne wanda OpenAI's API ke amfani da shi wanda ke nuna wani zaɓi na musamman na "amsoshin kore".

### Mai bincike na Ecosia
Ecosia Browser mai bincike ne na yanar gizo wanda ya dogara da Chromium. Mai binciken yana da mai toshe talla, AI chatbot, da ƙididdigar alkawarin yanayi wanda ke tantance alkawuran kamfani game da dorewar muhalli. Ecosia ta kuma yi alkawarin samar da 25Wh na makamashi mai sabuntawa don kowace rana da mai amfani ke bincikawa tare da mai bincike.

## Manazarta
Makabartar Halayya

Kabarin Halin wani kabari ne na tarihi a Tsibirin Sapelo a wajen Hog Hammock, Jojiya . Kabarin yana a kudancin tsibirin Sapelo, mil 1.25 a yammacin Hog Hammock, kimanin mita 300 (91  daga filin jirgin sama.

## Tarihi
An yi imanin cewa makabartar Afirka ta Amirka ta kasance kafin Yaƙin basasar Amurka duk da cewa alamar farko ta kasance a ƙarshen karni na 19. Asalin makabartar tana da alaƙa da tsohuwar al'umma mai suna "Halin" da kuma mutanen da Thomas Spalding ya bautar.￼

Misali na wuraren binnewar Afirka-Amurka, alamun kabarin sun haɗa da gajerun sakonni a kowane ƙarshen kaburbura tare da epitaphs a kan allon katako da aka ƙusa zuwa bishiyoyin da ke kewaye da su da abubuwan sirri da aka haɗa da marigayin. Dutsen kabarin kwanan nan shine siminti, dutse ko ƙarfe. Ya zuwa 2019, har yanzu ana amfani da makabartar kuma ita ce kawai makabartar da ke da alaƙa da al'ummar Afirka ta Amirka a tsibirin Sapelo .  

Ba a san shekarun makabartar ba, amma akwai lalacewar da aka rubuta daga guguwar Oktoba 2, 1898.

An kara shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places a ranar 22 ga watan Agusta, 1996. 

A watan Yunin 2010, furofesoshi da dalibai daga Jami'ar Tennessee a Chattanooga sun gudanar da bincike kan makabartar. Ayyukansu da tonowa sun nuna shaidar kaburbura sama da 180 da ba a san su ba kuma aƙalla gine-gine biyu, ɗayan mai  ɗaki ne ga bayi.

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin wuraren tarihi na kasa a cikin McIntosh County, Georgia

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Kirista ta Kudancin Vales

**Kwalejin Kirista ta Kudancin Vales** makaranta ce ta Kirista da ke faɗin harabar jami'o'i biyu a Kudancin Ostiraliya. Ma'aikatar Cocin Harvest ce. Asalin harabar jami'ar tana cikin Morphett Vale tare da buɗe harabar jami'a ta biyu a Aldinga.

An fara buɗe Kwalejin Kirista ta Kudancin Vales a watan Satumba na 1980 a matsayin Makarantar Al'umma ta Kirista ta Morphett Vale wadda ke aiki a matsayin ma'aikatar Cocin Baptist na Morphett Vale (wanda a yau ake kira Cocin Harvest). An buɗe harabar jami'a ta biyu a Aldinga a farkon 1991. An haɓaka dukkan harabar jami'o'in a matsayin waɗanda ke da ƙwarewa sosai tare da ɗaliban da ke da buƙatu na musamman.

## Takaddama
A ranar 27 ga Agusta 2021, Nine News Adelaide ta ba da rahoton cewa Kwalejin Kirista ta Kudancin Vales tana da manufa kan ɗaukar malaman luwaɗi.[1] Yayin da kwalejin ta kare manufar bisa ga dokokin wariyar addini na Australiya, Firayim Ministan Kudancin Australia Steven Marshall ya ce, "Kudancin Australia ya kasance jiha mai bambancin ra'ayi, mai karɓuwa, mai mutuntawa koyaushe kuma ba ma son a nuna wariya a nan jiharmu."[2]

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Cedar

**Kwalejin Cedar** makaranta ce ta Kirista mai ilimi tare da R-12 wacce ke cikin yankin Northgate, Kudancin Ostiraliya, 8.&nbsp;kilomita arewa maso gabas da Adelaide CBD. Kwalejin Cedar tana kula da ɗaliban da suka fito daga Gidauniyar Reception (Foundation) har zuwa aji na 12.

## Taken makaranta da sunan
A matsayin wata makaranta ta Kirista, ginshiƙin Kwalejin Cedar yana ɗauke da kalmomin "Girman Hikima " wanda ke nuna sha'awar makarantar na ƙarfafa ɗalibai ba wai kawai su girma a cikin ilimin ilimi ba, har ma su haɓaka hikimar amfani da wannan ilimin ta hanyoyi masu inganci da girmama Allah. An samo shi ne daga Zabura 92v12, wanda ke bayyana girman bishiyar cedar, yana zama mai ƙarfi, mai ƙarfi da kuma 'ya'yan itace. Hakazalika, an zaɓi sunan 'Kwalejin Cedar' don nuna manufar Kwalejin.

A shekarar 2014, Kwalejin Cedar ta ƙaddamar da sabuwar sanarwar manufarta: *"Shirya ɗalibai don rayuwa ta gaske"*, wanda ke nuna sha'awar makarantar na samar wa kowane ɗalibi kayan aiki don rayuwarsa ta gaba, ta hanyar taimaka musu su *"Gano [[Isa|Yesu]], Nuna Ƙauna da Haɓaka Kai"*.

Kwalejin Cedar makaranta ce ta Kirista tsakanin mabiya dariku kuma ma'aikatar Cocin Baptist ta CityReach Oakden (wanda a da ake kira Oakden Baptist Church).

## Tarihi
An fara tattaunawa game da kafa makarantar Kirista a cikin unguwannin arewa maso gabashin Adelaide a watan Mayun 1993. Bayan shekaru uku na tsare-tsare da shirye-shirye, an bude Kwalejin Cedar a hukumance a kan wani sabon kadada goma da aka samu a Northgate a shekarar 1997. An kafa Kwalejin Cedar a matsayin Makarantar Firamare mai ɗalibai 34 kacal, kuma ta bunƙasa cikin sauri a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Shugabanta na farko, Peter Thomson, kuma ba da daɗewa ba ta buɗe harabar Makarantar Middle da Senior a cikin shekarun da suka biyo baya.

Kwalejin Cedar ta buɗe filin wasa mai filin wasa biyu mai suna "Cibiyar Wasanni ta Kwalejin Cedar" a shekarar 2011. 'Yar majalisar wakilai Kate Ellis ce ta buɗe cibiyar a hukumance, kuma nan da nan ta zama muhimmiyar alama da kuma cibiyar al'umma a Northgate.

A shekarar 2013, Hon. Christopher Pyne, ɗan majalisar dokoki, Ministan Ilimi, ya buɗe Cibiyar Albarkatun Kwalejin Cedar mai hawa biyu da ginin gudanarwa a hukumance. Cibiyar Albarkatun tana da wani layin rufin gida mai fikafikai uku, wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi daga jirgin sama na tarihi na Vickers Vimy da Sir Keith da Ross Smith suka yi daga Ingila zuwa Ostiraliya a shekarar 1919, suka sauka a wurin ajiyar Vickers Vimy da ke kusa. Cibiyar Albarkatun ita ce sabuwar cibiyar fasaha ta makarantar, kuma tana kusa da reshen kimiyya, wanda aka buɗe a shekarar 2014.

## Manazarta
Ethel Stark

**Ethel Stark**, CM GOQ (25 ga watan Agustan 1910 - 16 ga watan Fabrairun 2012)  ta kasance mai wasan violin da kuma mai gudanarwa a Kanada.

An haife ta a Montreal, Quebec, ta yi karatu a McGill Conservatory of Music tare da Alfred De Sève da Alfred Whitehead . Daga 1928 zuwa 1934, ta yi karatu a Cibiyar Kiɗa ta Curtis tare da Lea Luboshutz, Louis Bailly, Artur Rodziński, Fritz Reiner da Carl Flesch . Ita ce 'yar Kanada ta farko da aka yarda da ita a wannan makarantar. Shekaru da yawa ta koyar a bangaren Conservatoire de musique du Québec a Montreal . 

A shekara ta 1979 an sanya ta memba na Order of Canada .  A shekara ta 2003 an sanya ta Babban Jami'in Dokar Kasa ta Quebec. A shekara ta 1980 an ba ta lambar yabo ta Doctor of Laws, digiri na girmamawa daga Jami'ar Concordia .

## Waƙoƙin Mata na Montreal
A shekara ta 1940, tana da shekaru 29, Ethel ta kafa ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta mata ta Montreal, wacce ta gudanar har zuwa 1960. Ita ce jagora ta farko ta ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta mata. Shawarwarin kafa wannan ƙungiyar mawaƙa ya kasance wani dalili ne na shawarar da Stark ya yanke.

Wasan kwaikwayo na farko na Montreal Women's Symphony ya faru ne a lokacin rani na 1940 ga taron mutane 5,000. Masu sukar sun ce yana da basira kuma "ya rabu da ra'ayoyin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya game da kiɗa da mata a cikin kiɗa. "

Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Toronto Symphony "Pop" ya kasance baƙo wanda Ethel ya jagoranta a watan Fabrairun 1946. An karɓi wasan kwaikwayon da dumi, kuma samun karbuwa da shahara, Montreal Women's Symphony ta sanya hannu kan kwangila a cikin kaka na 1947. An lura da Ethel a matsayin jin, "cewa kwangilar yin wasa a Carnegie Hall ba ta da yawa ga ita da mawaƙanta amsar fatan da burin kowane mai zane a matsayin amincewa cewa a ƙarshe an yarda da cewa akwai dakin mata a cikin kiɗa."

## Manazarta
Makarantar daji

**Makarantar Wilderness makaranta** ce mai zaman kanta, wacce ba ta addini ba ce, kuma makarantar kwana ce ta ' yan mata, wacce ke Medindie, wani yanki na arewacin Adelaide, Kudancin Ostiraliya.

Iyalan Brown sun kafa makarantar a shekarar 1884 tare da 'yan mata huɗu da ƙaramin yaro ɗaya, Andrew Muecke, a matsayin ɗalibai, Wilderness makarantar Aji 12 ce, kuma tana kula da ɗalibai na Aji 13. Makarantar ta ɗauki kimanin ɗalibai 820 a shekarar 2007, ciki har da ɗaliban da suka kai 80 a cikin makarantar. A shekarar 2003, *The Australian* ta ayyana Makarantar Wilderness a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin makarantu goma mafiya samun nasara a Ostiraliya. 

Makarantar Wilderness tana da alaƙa da Ƙungiyar Shugabannin Makarantun 'Yancin Kai ta Ostiraliya (AHISA), Ƙungiyar Shugabannin Makarantun Ƙarami ta Ostiraliya (JSHAA), Ƙungiyar Makarantun Ajiya ta Ostiraliya, Ƙungiyar Makarantun 'Yan Mata ta Australasia (AGSA)  da Ƙungiyar Wasannin Makarantun 'Yan Mata Masu Zaman Kansu (IGSSA).

## Tarihi
Iyalan Brown ne suka ƙirƙiri makarantar, waɗanda suka ƙarfafa babbar 'yarsu Margaret Hamilton Brown ta himmatu wajen sha'awar ilimi bayan da kasuwancin mahaifinta ya gaza. An haifi Margaret a Edinburgh kuma ta yi karatu a Kudancin Ostiraliya kuma ta nuna hazaka wajen koyarwa. A shekara ta 1884 ta fara ƙaramin makaranta a gidan iyayenta [1] tare da ƙanwarta, Mary (Mamie) Home Brown, a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ɗaliban farko biyar.[2] A shekara mai zuwa, iyalin suka ƙaura, Margaret ta fara makarantar yara kanana bisa kayan wasan yara daga Jamus da ra'ayoyin Friedrich Froebel . Yayin da yaran suka girma, haka nan abin da makarantar ta mayar da hankali a kai ya faru, kuma a shekara ta 1893, Margaret ta sayi gini a Northcote Terrace don ɗaukar nauyin wata makaranta da daga baya ta sake wa suna "The Wilderness".[1]

## Manazarta
D.O.A. (fim na 1988)

***D.O.A.*** fim ne na neo-noir na Amurka na 1988  wanda Rocky Morton da Annabel Jankel suka jagoranta. Wani fim na fim din 1950 na wannan sunan, taurari ne Dennis Quaid, Meg Ryan da Charlotte Rampling, kuma an yi fim a Austin, Texas da San Marcos, Texas. An sake shi a wasan kwaikwayo a Amurka a ranar 18 ga Maris, 1988, zuwa sake dubawa mai kyau.

## Makirci
Farfesa na Kwalejin Dexter Cornell ya shiga cikin ofishin 'yan sanda don bayar da rahoton kisan kansa. Ya ba da labarin sa'o'i talatin da shida da suka gabata.

Da zarar marubuci ne mai alƙawari, Dex ya sanya sunansa kuma yana da aminci a cikin mulkinsa, amma ya shafe shekaru huɗu da suka gabata yana wucewa ta hanyar motsi kuma yana wasa da shi lafiya. Dex ya taimaka wa abokinsa Hal Petersham da littafinsa na farko. Yayinda yake murna tare da Scotch, Hal ya lura Dex ya ba da "A" ga rubutun hannu daga wani ɗalibi mai alƙawari, Nick Lang, kuma ya yi fushi lokacin da Dex ya ce bai taɓa karanta rubutun ba.

Yayinda Dex yake cikin ofishinsa, Nick ya sauka daga ginin a bayyane yake kashe kansa. Wannan, haɗe da lokacin Kirsimeti mai raɗaɗi, yanayin zafi mara kyau, da kuma saki da ke jiran matarsa, Gail, wanda yake zargin yana da alaƙa da Nick, ya jagoranci Dex don neman mashaya na gida don dare na shan giya mai yawa. A can ya haɗu da ɗaliban sha'awar Sydney Fuller.

## Masu ba da labari

* Dennis Quaid a matsayin Farfesa Dexter Cornell
* Meg Ryan a matsayin Sydney Fuller
* Daniel Stern a matsayin Hal Petersham
* Elizabeth Arlen a matsayin Dokta Elaine Wells
* Charlotte Rampling a matsayin Mrs. Fitzwaring
* Jane Kaczmarek a matsayin Gail Cornell
* Christopher Neame a matsayin Bernard
* Robin Johnson a matsayin "Cookie" Fitzwaring
* Robert Knepper a matsayin Nicholas Lang
* Brion James a matsayin Detective Ulmer
* Jack Kehoe a matsayin Detective Brockton
* Jay Patterson a matsayin Graham Corey
* John Hawkes a matsayin Sloane

## Karɓar baƙi

### Ofishin akwatin
*D.O.A.* ya fara ne a No. 3 a ofishin jakadancin Amurka.  A ƙarshen tafiyarsa, fim ɗin ya sami jimlar dala miliyan 12.7 a cikin tallace-tallace na cikin gida.

### Amsa mai mahimmanci
A kan Rotten Tomatoes, yana da amincewar kashi 60% bisa ga sake dubawa 20, tare da matsakaicin darajar 5.10/10. Masu sauraro da CinemaScore suka bincika sun ba fim din darajar "B−" a kan sikelin A zuwa F.

Mai sukar fina-finai Roger Ebert ya ba fim din taurari uku daga cikin hudu, yana kiransa "mai ban tsoro da ilimi". Caryn James na The New York Times ya kira shi "ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan takaici na kakar".

## Manazarta
Agnia Losina-Losinskaja

**Agnia Sergeyevna Losina-Losinskaja** () (1903-1958) masanin tsire-tsire ne na Soviet. Sunan danginta kuma an rubuta shi a matsayin Lozina-Lozinscaia, da Lozina-Mozinskaja. 

Ita ce marubuciya ko marubuciya ta sunayen botanical na akalla nau'ikan 216, gami da nau'ikan Calligonum, Cortusa, Fragaria, Micranthes da Rheum, da *Galanthus woronowii* da **'Ruwa**' ma'anar *Muscarimia muscari.* Tsire-tsire biyu masu muhimmanci a tattalin arziki sun kasance daga cikin abubuwan da take so. Ta samar da wani littafi a kan Rheum (rhubarb), yana ba da shawarar cewa jinsin yana da cibiyoyin asali guda biyu: wanda ya tsufa a kasar Sin, wanda ya fi girma a Iran, wanda daga baya ya bazu zuwa Asiya ta Tsakiya. Ta kuma rubuta bita game da nau'in *Fragaria* (strawberries).  Ta ba da gudummawa ga kundin *Flora na USSR*, kamar Volume IX, duka a cikin rubutu da kuma a matsayin mai zane. A cikin wani abin tunawa da masanin ilimin shuke-shuke Anastasia Semenova-Tian-Shanskaja, an kira ta ɗalibar da Vladimir Komarov ya fi so,  bayan wanda aka sanya wa Cibiyar Shuke-shike ta Komarov suna kuma wanda shine babban editan *Flora na USSR* har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1945.

## Manazarta
Theodore Bruce

**Theodore Bruce** (5 Afrilu 1847 - 2 Yuli 1911) ya kasance mai gwanjo, ɗan siyasa kuma Magajin Garin Adelaide daga 1904 zuwa 1907.

## Tarihi
An haifi Theodore Bruce a Leeds, Yorkshire, ɗan William Bruce, wani babban mai kera ulu. Kaka, Edward Baines, shi ne mamallakin *Leeds Mercury* kuma memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Leeds.

Ya zo Ostiraliya tare da iyayensa a shekarar 1852, kuma jim kaɗan bayan isowarsa ya fara karatunsa na firamare a Cibiyar Ilimi ta JL Young da ke Adelaide, sai kuma Kwalejin St Peter . Aikinsa na farko ya kasance a tashar da ke arewa maso gabashin Kudancin Ostiraliya, sannan a shekarar 1862 ya shiga Randolph Isham Stow a kamfanin lauyoyi na Stow & Bruce, sannan Bankin Ƙasa na Adelaide ya biyo baya a kusan shekarar 1872, wanda ya tilasta masa yin tafiye-tafiye a arewacin Jihar, a lokacin ne ya zama ƙwararren mai doki.

Mahaifinsa, ɗan wani limamin cocin Congregationalist a Wakefield, Yorkshire, ya kafa a matsayin ɗan kasuwa a Adelaide a 1852 kuma ya yi ritaya a 1863, ya koma Ingila a 1876, ya mutu a Ilkley a 1893, yana da shekaru 96. Mahaifiyarsa ta rasu a 1890. 

A shekara ta 1878 ko 1880 ya fara kasuwancin gwanjo tare da tsohon abokin makarantar George S. Aldridge, wanda daga baya ya zama shugaban kasuwar hannun jari.  Sun kafa wani kamfanin giya a Broken Hill, wanda Bruce ya jagoranta, sannan a shekara ta 1888 suka sayar wa Kamfanin Brewing and Wine and Spirit na Kudancin Australia . An wargaza haɗin gwiwar a shekara ta 1889, kuma Bruce ya ci gaba da yin gwanjon shi kaɗai, tare da ofisoshi a Old Exchange, titin Pirie. Ya zama memba na Kamfanin Adelaide Stock Exchange.  Kasuwancin ya ci gaba da kasancewa a ƙarƙashin sunansa har zuwa yau.

## Siyasa
A kusan shekarar 1895, Goodwood Ward ta Majalisar Unley ta zaɓe shi kansila, kuma ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru biyu, sannan aka zaɓe shi magajin gari a shekarar 1898 da 1899. Ya kuma yi aiki daga 1894 a matsayin kansila a Kamfanin Adelaide na Yankin Hindmarsh, kuma bayan rasuwar Hon. Samuel Tomkinson aka zaɓe shi a matsayin shugaban ƙaramar hukuma, kuma ya riƙe muƙamin magajin garin Adelaide a tsakanin 1904-1906. Babban nasarar da ya samu ita ce yarjejeniyar da aka cimma da Firayim Minista Thomas Price don kafa hanyar sadarwa ta hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa ta Adelaide. An ba Bruce lambar yabo ta zama kansila ta farko, kuma shi ne wakilin farko na Majalisar Birni a Ƙungiyar Tramways ta Municipal.

Ya tsaya takara sau biyu a Majalisar Dokoki: na Gabashin Adelaide da na Torrens, duka biyun ɗan takarar Labour ya kayar da shi. An zaɓe shi a Majalisar Dokoki a watan Mayu na 1909, inda ya cike gurbin da AA Kirkpatrick ya bari a Majalisar Dokoki ta Tsakiya.[1] Bruce ya mutu shekaru biyu bayan haka; Charles Richard Morris ya gaje shi.

## Manazarta
Kuskuren ganewa

**Kuskuren ainihi** shine kariya a cikin dokar aikata laifuka wanda ke da'awar ainihin rashin laifi na wanda ake tuhuma, kuma yayi ƙoƙari ya lalata shaidar laifi ta hanyar tabbatar da cewa duk wani mai shaida da laifin ya yi tunanin cewa sun ga wanda ake tuhumar ba daidai ba, yayin da a zahiri mutumin da shaidar ta gani wani ne. Wanda ake tuhuma na iya yin tambaya game da ƙwaƙwalwar mai shaida (samarwa, alal misali, cewa ganowa sakamakon ƙwaƙwalwar ƙarya ce), da kuma fahimtar mai shaida (susamarwa, misali, cewa mai shaida yana da rashin gani, ko kuma cewa laifin ya faru ne a wurin da ba shi da haske).

## Nazarin
Gwaje-gwaje da yawa sun nuna yadda za'a iya sarrafa tunanin shaidu. A cikin wani binciken da Elizabeth Loftus ta yi, an nuna wa batutuwa bidiyon hadarin mota sannan aka tambayi ko dai "Yaya saurin motocin ke tafiya lokacin da suka buga juna?" ko kuma wannan tambaya tare da aikatau "hit" wanda aka maye gurbin da aikatau ""smashed". Batutuwan da aka tambayi tambayar da kalmar "ƙaddamarwa" sun ba da ƙididdigar sauri mafi girma. Bugu da ƙari, lokacin da aka tambaye shi idan akwai gilashin da ya fashe a wurin, waɗanda suka ji "ya fashe" sun fi dacewa da amsawa da tabbaci, duk da cewa babu gilashin fashewa da aka nuna a cikin bidiyon.

Tare da yatsan yatsa na kwayoyin halitta da shaidar DNA yanzu sun zama ruwan dare, ana sake bincika yawancin abubuwan da suka danganci shaidar ido. A cewar Innocence Project, kashi 73% na shari'o'in da aka yi na DNA sun haɗa da kuskuren ganewar shaidar ido.

## Nazarin shari'a
Ibrahim Lincoln ya yi amfani da kuskuren ainihi a matsayin kariya ga William "Duff" Armstrong a 1858. Ya yi magana game da almanac na manomi don tabbatar da cewa mai shaida ba zai iya ganin Armstrong a cikin hasken wata ba, kamar yadda ya yi iƙirarin, saboda matsayin wata a wannan dare ba zai samar da isasshen haske ba. An wanke Armstrong.

### Adolf Beck
Wani sanannen shari'ar kuskuren ainihi a Ƙasar Ingila shine shari'ar Adolf Beck, wanda ya yi shekaru da yawa a kurkuku a matsayin mai zamba, an sake shi bayan kammala hukuncinsa, sannan aka sake kama shi a kan wannan zargi kafin a kama ainihin mai zamba na irin wannan bayyanar.

### Ronald Cotton
Wani lamari da ke nuna kuskuren ainihi shine batun Ronald Cotton . A watan Yulin 1984, wani mutum ya shiga gidan Jennifer Thompson a Burlington, North Carolina kuma ya yi mata fyade. A lokacin harin, ta yi nazarin fuskar mai kai hari, ta yanke shawarar gano shi idan ta tsira daga harin. Lokacin da aka gabatar da hoton hoto, ta gano Cotton a matsayin mai kai mata hari. Sau biyu, ta ba ya shaida a kansa ta hanyar cewa ta gano shi. An sami Cotton da laifin fyade da fashi kuma an yanke masa hukuncin rai da rai da shekaru 54 a kurkuku.

## Manazarta
Makarantar Kirista ta Sunrise

**Makarantar Kirista ta Sunrise** makaranta ce ta Pentecostal da ke faɗin harabar jami'o'i biyar a Kudancin Ostiraliya. Memba ce a cikin rukunin makarantu na Makarantun Kirista na Adelaide. Ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi Sunrise, Temple Christian College, Sunrise Christian School, Wyalla da Sunrise Bethel Christian School da ke Port Moresby, PNG. Asalin harabar jami'ar tana cikin Fullarton kuma wannan wurin har yanzu yana ɗauke da harabar jami'ar da ke aiki a matsayin "gida" mai motsin rai na cibiyar sadarwa ta Sunrise.

An fara makarantar a shekarar 1978 da kimanin ɗalibai 30. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, ta girma zuwa harabar jami'a shida [1] waɗanda suka ƙunshi ɗalibai sama da 1000.

## Manazarta
Alexandra Martiniuk

**Alexandra Martiniuk** masanin ilimin cututtukan cututtuka ne na Kanada kuma farfesa a fannin cututtukat a Jami'ar Sydney kuma farfesa ne a fannin sauya asibiti da tsarin kiwon lafiya na gaba a Jami'an New South Wales da kuma kasancewa mataimakin farfesa a Jami'a ta Toronto .  Tana mai da hankali kan 'yan asalin ƙasar da na duniya da lafiyar uwa kuma tana da alhakin amfani da bincike na hanyar da aka haɗu don haɓaka daidaito ga kula da lafiya mai inganci.

Martiniuk babban jami'in bincike ne mai daraja a Cibiyar George don Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya kuma a cikin 2020 an ba ta lambar yabo ta Gustav Nossal don kiwon lafiya na duniya kuma ta sami wasu kyaututtuka masu daraja a cikin aikinta.

## Manazarta
Cocin Katolika da Kabari na St. Augustine (Natchez, Louisiana)

**Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] da Kabari na St. Augustine**, ko Ikilisiyar Isle Brevelle, mallakar Ikklisiyar Katolika ce ta tarihi da aka kafa a 1829 kusa da Louisiana" id="mwIw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Melrose, Louisiana">Melrose, Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana . Cibiyar al'adu ce ta yankin Cane River ta tarihin Faransanci, Mutanen Espanya, 'yan asalin Amurka da Black Creole. Har ila yau, ita ce cocin Black Catholic mafi tsufa a Amurka.

An kafa shi a matsayin cocin mishan ta Louisiana Creole Nicolas Augustin Metoyer, St. Augustine ana yin bikin ne a matsayin coci na farko a Louisiana da za a gina shi da kuma ga 'yanci masu launi. Har ila yau, yana daga cikin tsoffin majami'u da aka kafa da kuma gina ta Afirka ta Amirka.[1]￼

Cocin da makabartar suna cikin Yankin Tarihi na Ƙasa na Kogin Cane, kuma an jera su a cikin Rijistar Wurare na Tarihi na Ƙasa.[undefined] Saboda muhimmancinsa a tarihin Katolika da Creole, St. Augustine shi ma wuri ne mai kyau a kan Hanyar Gadon Baƙar fata ta Amurka ta Louisiana.[1]￼￼

## Tarihi

### Karni na 19

Hadisi ya nuna cewa Nicolas Augustin Metoyer ne ya kafa cocin a cikin 1803 kuma ana gudanar da ayyukan ci gaba tun daga lokacin. Tarihin tarihi ya kalubalanci ilimin yankin. Rubuce-rubucen Ikklisiya sun rubuta kafa Chapel na St. Augustine "a matsayin manufa na cocin St. François na Natchitoches" a watan Yulin 1829, jim kadan bayan an gina cocin. An amince da aikin a shekara ta 1856 a matsayin Ikklisiya a kansa, kuma ya ba da izini ga firist mai zama.

Lokacin da Uba Jean Baptiste Blanc ya tsarkake ɗakin sujada don amfani da addini (19 ga Yuli 1829), ya ba da rahoton cewa an "kafa shi a Isle Brevelle a kan gonar Sieur Augustin Metoyer ta hanyar kulawa da karimci na mai suna Augustin Memoyer, wanda Louis Metoyer, ɗan'uwansa ya taimaka. ... An keɓe ɗakin sujada ... an keɓe shi ga St. Augustine, za a ɗauka a ƙarƙashin kariya na wannan babban likitan Landmark mai gina shi".  Hadisin kuma ya bayyana rawar da ke kusa da shi.

Cocin St. Augustine ya bambanta tsakanin majami'u na Kudancin na dukkan addinai saboda sauye-sauyen launin fata. Rubuce-rubucen da suka tsira sun nuna cewa kujerun da ke gaba sun kasance ne daga dangin Créole de couleur Metoyer waɗanda suka gina ɗakin sujada. Da ke zaune a bayansu akwai iyalai na fitattun fararen shuke-shuke da sauran Creoles a cikin al'umma tare da sunayen suna Blanchard, Brevelle, Garcia, Landry, da Lemoine. Bayan yakin basasa, St. Augustine ya bayyana wani abu na farko a tarihin launin fata na Amurka: ikilisiyarsa a wannan lokacin kusan mutane ne masu launin fata; amma, ya yi aiki a matsayin mahaifiyar coci ga yawancin fararen ikilisiya na Mission Ste. Anne a kan Tsohon Kogin.

## Manazarta
Kabari na Afirka No. 2 (Lexington, Kentucky)

**Kabari na Afirka No. 2**, wanda aka fi sani da **Kabari na Union Benevolent Society No. 2**, wuri ne na tarihi wanda ke Lexington, Kentucky, Amurka.

## Kafa da tarihi
Kabarin farko ya faru ne a kan dukiyar tun farkon shekarun 1820. The Colored Peoples Union Benevolent Society No. 2 ta sayi dukiyar don amfani da ita azaman makabarta a 1869. Kabarin karshe a cikin makabartar ya faru ne a shekara ta 1974. 

A shekara ta 1889, an motsa gawawwakin 300 daga Kabari na Presbyterian a kan titin Limestone zuwa Kabari na Afirka No. 2 a karkashin kulawar C. O. H. Thomas . 

A shekara ta 1973, gwamnatin birnin Lexington ta mallaki makabarta. A shekara ta 1979, an shirya Kabari na Afirka No. 2, Incorporated don ceton kabari.

A watan Yunin shekara ta 2003, an sanya alamar Hanyar Tarihi ta Kentucky a shafin. An kara makabarta a cikin National Register of Historic Places a ranar 31 ga Maris, 2004. 

## Kabari

Kabarin 7.7 acre (3.1 ha) ya ƙunshi fiye da kaburbura 5,000, daga cikinsu an gano 1,200, tare da kasa da 600 da aka gane tare da alamomi.

Kabarin tsoffin sojoji sun kai 148, tare da 112 su ne Sojojin Amurka masu launin fata na Yaƙin basasar Amurka. [1] Kimanin 80 daga cikin tsoffin sojoji sun horar da su a sansanin Nelson da ke kusa, wurin ajiyar kayayyaki da kuma wurin daukar ma'aikata. Daga cikin kusan Sojojin Amurka 24,000 na Kentucky, 10,000 sun horar da su a sansanin Nelson.[2][3] Baya ga Kentucky, jihohin da aka wakilta tsakanin tsoffin mayakan yakin basasa sune New York, Massachusetts, Arkansas, da Tennessee.￼

Tun daga shekara ta 2005, ana yin bikin Jubilee na Juneteenth a kowace shekara don girmama tsoffin mayakan yakin basasa. Ana sanya tutar Amurka a kowane kabari kuma ana karanta kowane suna da ƙarfi.

## Manazarta
Kabari na Halin

Kabarin Halin wani kabari ne na tarihi a Tsibirin Sapelo a wajen Hog Hammock, Jojiya . Kabarin yana a kudancin tsibirin Sapelo, mil 1.25 a yammacin Hog Hammock, kimanin mita 300 (91  daga filin jirgin sama.

## Restvale CemeteryTarihi
An yi imanin cewa makabartar Afirka ta Amirka ta kasance kafin Yaƙin basasar Amurka duk da cewa alamar farko ta kasance a ƙarshen karni na 19. Asalin makabartar tana da alaƙa da tsohuwar al'umma mai suna "Halin" da kuma mutanen da Thomas Spalding ya bautar.

Misali na wuraren binnewar Afirka-Amurka, alamun kabarin sun haɗa da gajerun sakonni a kowane ƙarshen kaburbura tare da epitaphs a kan allon katako da aka ƙusa zuwa bishiyoyin da ke kewaye da su da abubuwan sirri da aka haɗa da marigayin. Dutsen kabarin kwanan nan shine siminti, dutse ko ƙarfe. Ya zuwa 2019, har yanzu ana amfani da makabartar kuma ita ce kawai makabartar da ke da alaƙa da al'ummar Afirka ta Amirka a tsibirin Sapelo . [1] [2][3]￼

Ba a san shekarun makabartar ba, amma akwai lalacewar da aka rubuta daga guguwar Oktoba 2, 1898.

An kara shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places a ranar 22 ga watan Agusta, 1996. 

A watan Yunin 2010, furofesoshi da dalibai daga Jami'ar Tennessee a Chattanooga sun gudanar da bincike kan makabartar. Ayyukansu da tonowa sun nuna shaidar kaburbura sama da 180 da ba a san su ba kuma aƙalla gine-gine biyu, ɗayan mai yiwuwa ɗaki ne ga bayi.

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin wuraren tarihi na kasa a cikin McIntosh County, Georgia

## Manazarta
Kabari na Shrewsbury (Camp Parapet)

Kabarin Shrewsbury, wanda aka fi sani da Kabarin Camp Parapet , tsohuwar wurin binnewa ce kusa da New Orleans, Louisiana, a shafin sansanin soja na Confederate a lokacin Yaƙin basasar Amurka . Kabari shine wurin binnewar Ross Church da First Zion Church, dukansu suna kusa. Har ila yau, wani lokacin ana kiranta **Kabari na Sihiyona na farko** .

## Tarihi
Abin da ke yanzu Causeway Boulevard yana nuna asalin layin ganuwar "Fort John Hunt Morgan," sansanin soja na Confederate mai suna bayan janar na Kentucky Confederate. Sansanin da kansa yana a Causeway da kogi. 'Yan tsaron 'yan asalin sun kasance daga cikin gwamnatoci da yawa waɗanda suka horar a sansanin Parapet kuma suka kafa sansanin su a can. A cikin 1862, tare da faduwar New Orleans ga Sojojin Tarayyar, sojojin Tarayya sun mamaye sansanin, waɗanda suka sake masa suna "Camp Parapet". Camp Parapet babban shafin ne tare da ma'aikaci, kantin sayar da kayan masarufi, da ɗakin sujada. Sojojin da suka mutu daga rashin lafiya ko rauni a sansanin Parapet an binne su a makabartar gidan.￼

Tun lokacin yakin basasa, mazauna yankin ne suka yi amfani da makabartar.

Yankin makabartar ya fi karami fiye da yadda yake da farko, tun lokacin da aka sayar da wasu ƙasashe a arewa (kogi) na makircin yanzu ga New Orleans Belt Railroad a cikin shekarun 1930.

## Camp Parapet
Camp Parapet babban sansanin smuggling ne, inda yawancin tsoffin bayi suka nemi mafaka. An hayar su a matsayin ma'aikata, mataimakan, kuma da yawa sun shiga aikin. An ciyar da su kuma an ajiye su a sansanin. Da yawa daga cikin wadanda suka yi bautar a gonakin da ke kusa sun yi tafiya zuwa Camp Parapet.

A cikin 1867-68, an motsa kaburbura na sojojin Tarayyar daga makabarta na farar hula da na wasu sansanoni daban-daban (ciki har da Camp Parapet) zuwa Kabari na Kasa na Chalmette. An binne mutanen da suka kasance bayi a cikin makabartar sansanin.

Bayan yakin, an yi amfani da sunan Camp Parapet ga unguwar da Shrewsbury, Bath, da Harlem. A yau duk abin da ya tsira daga Camp Parapet shine mujallar, inda aka adana harsashi. Mujallar tana a gefen ƙarshen toshe daga Ross Chapel .

## Kabarin farar hula
Shekaru da yawa al'ada ta kasance ta binne Methodists a gaba da Baptists a baya kodayake, kamar yadda 'yan uwa ke halartar majami'u biyu, ba a tilasta aikin sosai ba.

## Manazarta
Kabari na Utoy

Kabarin Utoy yana daya daga cikin tsofaffin makabarta a cikin iyakokin birni na yanzu na Atlanta a cikin jihar Georgia ta Amurka kuma an jera shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places . Yana kusa da tsakiya na Venetian Drive SW da Cahaba Drive SW a cikin unguwar Venetian Hills a kudu maso yammacin Atlanta, an yi amfani da shi don binnewa tun farkon 1828 . [1][2]￼

## Dubi kuma

* Yaƙin Utoy Creek
* Utoy, Georgia

## Manazarta
Kabari na Kudu

Kabari na Kudancin-View wani kabari ne na tarihi na Afirka da Amurka wanda ke da kimanin minti 15 daga cikin garin Atlanta, Jojiya. Wani makabartar aiki mai aiki a kan kadada 100 na ƙasa, ita ce mafi tsufa a cikin makabartar Afirka ta Amirka a Atlanta, Jojiya kuma mafi tsufa na Afirka ta Amirka "ba na lantarki" a cikin ƙasar. An kafa shi a 1886, tun daga lokacin ya zama wurin binnewa ga shugabannin da yawa a cikin ƙungiyar kare hakkin bil'adama ciki har da Ruby Doris Smith-Robinson, Julian Bond, da John Lewis. An binne Martin Luther King Jr. a nan amma daga baya aka tura shi zuwa King National Historic Park a Atlanta.

## Tarihi
An kafa shi a watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1886, makabartar ta kasance ƙoƙari na 'yan kasuwa tara na Afirka da suka hada da Jacob McKinley, George W. Graham, Robert Grant, Charles H. Morgan, John Render da Albert Watts, duk waɗanda suke son wuri mai aminci, mai aminci inda za a iya binne danginsu da mutunci a tsakiyar adawa da Sake ginawa. . Jihar Georgia ta amince da takardar shaidarta a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1886.

Albert H. Watts, jikan wanda ya kafa Albert Watts, ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Kabari na Southview daga 1977 har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2001. Shugaban yanzu, Winifred Hemphill, masu hannun jari da yawa, mambobin kwamitin da membobin ma'aikatan su ne zuriyar wadanda suka kafa.

Kabari yana da kulawa ta har abada da wuraren kulawa marasa dindindin. Ana sayar da dukkan sabbin kuri'u tare da kulawa ta har abada, amma ba a sayar da makircin iyali da yawa na tarihi ba.[1] A sakamakon haka, wasu sassan makabartar sun "sha wahala daga sakaci".[1] An kirkiro wani tushe mai zaman kansa a shekara ta 2004 don tara kuɗi, gudanar da ayyukan adanawa da kuma samar da kulawa ga sassa na tarihi na makabartar.[1]￼

An kirkiro yawon shakatawa na wayar salula na makabartar a cikin hadin gwiwa tare da Kabari na Oakland don samar da cikakkun bayanai game da 'yan Afirka na Afirka da aka binne a makabarta biyu. Baƙi na iya samun taswirar shafin a cibiyar baƙi, kuma kowane ɗayan tashoshin 14 a kan yawon shakatawa an yi alama da alamar dutse. Baƙo na iya kiran lambar waya kuma ya buga kowane lambar tsayawa yayin da suka isa gare ta, don jin bayanai.

Kabarin ya yi bikin cika shekaru 125 a shekara ta 2011, kuma a wannan lokacin magajin garin Atlanta Kasim Reed ya ba shi lambar yabo ta Phoenix don gudummawar da ya bayar ga birnin. Shekaru da yawa birnin Atlanta ya biya South-View don samar da sarari ga 'yan Afirka na Afirka da aka binne a kan kudin birni.

## Manazarta
What About US (fim)

***What About Us*** fim ne na Najeriya na 2024 wanda Emmanuel Iren ya samar. Fim din wanda ya ninka sau biyu a matsayin Emmanuel Iren na farko an sake shi a fim a duk fadin kasar a ranar 12 ga Yuli, 2024.  Fim din yana da alaƙa da rikitarwa na aure da kuma yadda ma'aurata Kirista ke gwagwarmaya don ci gaba da fasalin aurensu a cikin halin jagora; Kunle Remi, Uzor Arukwe, Folu Storms, Seyi Awolowo, Teniola Aladese da sauransu.

## Bayani game da shi
What About Us ya ba da labarin ma'aurata Kirista waɗanda ke gwagwarmaya don ci gaba da aurensu tare, amma ƙarin matsala ta biyo baya lokacin da sabon ma'auratare suka koma ƙofar da ke kusa kuma wannan ya kara matsalar a cikin aurensu. Labarin ya fadada kan rikitarwa na aure kamar yadda aka nuna ta hanyar ruwan tabarau na ma'aurata biyu na Kirista.

## Zaɓaɓɓun 'yan wasa

* Kunle Remi
* Uzor Arukwe
* Guguwa mai tsanani
* Seyi Awolowo
* Teniola Aladese
* Atlanta Bridget Johnson
* Marycolette Unamka

## Fitarwa
Fim din wanda Kayode Kasum ya jagoranta ya nuna Babban Fasto na Bikin Ikilisiyar Duniya na farko, ya bayyana cewa wannan sabon kayan aikin da ya sanya a kan alamomi 'sabon babi a cikin aikinsa don yada saƙonsa da kuma tsara al'adun'.

## Manazarta
Hicks na haruffa

**Alphabet Hicks** wani littafi ne mai ban mamaki wanda marubucin Amurka Rex Stout ya rubuta, tare da mai bincike, Alphabet Hick, wanda aka fara bugawa a shekarar 1941. Mai bincike mai zaman kansa Alphabet Hicks shine mai gabatarwa na littafi daya da kuma wani ɗan gajeren labari da Stout ya rubuta.

## Takaitaccen Bayani
Wani mai bincike mai suna Stout ya zo kan mataki, mai basira a makarantar lauya ta Harvard, yanzu lauya ce da ba ta da izini, mai kuzari, mai ban sha'awa Alfred ("Alphabet") Hicks yana da gamsuwa da aiki a matsayin direban taksi har sai fasinja mace ta shiga cikin matsaloli. Daga nan sai ya zama mai bincike kuma nan da nan ya kai ga kunnensa a cikin makirci a cikin masana'antar filastik, da kashe-kashen da ke cikin ɓangaren waɗannan makircin. An sake saduwa da Hicks sau ɗaya - a cikin ɗan gajeren labarin Stout "Hanninsa".

## Muhimmancin wallafe-wallafen da zargi

* Isaac Anderson, The New York Times Book Review - Rex Stout, ya juya na ɗan lokaci daga mai saurin motsi, mai hankali mai hankali, Nero Wolfe, ya ƙirƙiri wanda ake kira Alphabet Hicks, wanda aka bayyana shi a matsayin akasin Wolfe, kasancewa mai ƙarfi kuma ɗan damuwa. Farrar & Rinehart za su gabatar da sabon hali a cikin littafi mai zuwa Fall . 
* Isaac Anderson, The New York Times Book Review - Katinsa ya karanta: A. Hicks. M.S.O.T.P.B.O.M. Idan ka san abin da waɗannan haruffa ke nufi kana dubawa. A kowane hali, za ku fahimci dalilin da ya sa abokansa ke kiransa Alphabet Hicks. Lokacin da muka fara saduwa da Hicks yana tuka taksi, kuma fasinja shine Judith Dundee, matar R.L. Dundee. Judith ta gane Hicks daga bayanin da aka buga shi bayan ya warware batun yarinyar da ke da zane-zane a yatsunsu da yatsunsu.  (Ba mu da rikodin wannan shari'ar har yanzu, amma watakila Rex Stout zai tilasta wani lokaci.) Don ci gaba, Judith tana son Hicks ya taimaka mata ta gano dalilin da ya sa mijinta ke tunanin cewa tana sayar da asirin kasuwancinsa ga abokin hamayyar. Kafin Hicks ya fara bincike ya kashe wata mace a yankin Dundees, kuma 'yan sanda na Westchester County ne ke kula da shari'ar - ko kuma suna tunanin su ne. A zahiri Hicks yana da akalla tsalle biyu a gaba da su duk hanyar. Ya kawo ƙarshen shari'ar ta hanyar rushe wani hujja wanda shi da kansa ya taimaka wajen kafawa. Alphabet Hicks ya sami damar zuwa wuri tare da Nero Wolfe da Tecumseh Fox a kan ma'aikatan Rex Stout Detective Agency.

## Tarihin wallafe-wallafen

* 1941, Alphabet Hicks. New York: Farrar &amp;amp; Rinehart, Disamba 8, 1941, hardcover 
* 1942, London: Collins Crime Club, 1942, hardcover
* babu kwanan wata, London: Collins (White Circle) #208, takarda
* 1947, New York: Dell # 146 (mapback by George A. Frederiksen), paperback
* 1965, New York: Pyramid (Green Door) #R-1123, Janairu 1965; bugawa ta biyu #R1371, Afrilu 1967; bugawa ta uku #X1953, Fabrairu 1969; bugawa ta huɗu da ta biyar #N3083, Yuli 1973 da Fabrairu 1974, bugawa ta shida da ta bakwai #V4323, a matsayin "The Sound of Murder", Yuni 1977, paperback
* 1979, New York: Matashi #M-5281, Nuwamba 1979 a matsayin "The Sound of Murder"

## Manazarta
Kofi Adu Domfeh

**Kofi Adu Domfeh** (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1978) ɗan jaridar Ghana ne, mai horar da kafofin watsa labarai, kuma mai ba da shawara kan muhalli. Ya yi aiki a matsayin editan labarai na Multimedia Group Limited's N__wol____wol____wol__ da Luv FM kuma yana jagorantar Cibiyar Kimiyya da Fasaha. Tun daga shekara ta 2025, yana aiki a matsayin Shugaban Yankin Ashanti na Ghana Journalists Associtation.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
Domfeh 'yar asalin Offinso ce a Yankin Ashanti . Ya girma a Kumasi, daga baya ya koma Najeriya, kuma daga bisani ya koma Ghana. Yana da digiri na biyu a cikin Shirye-shiryen Ci Gaban da Gudanarwa, da kuma digiri a cikin Ayyukan Jama'a da Ilimin Jama'a duk daga Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah (KNUST) , wanda aka samu a shekarar 2014. Ya kuma yi karatun Tattalin Arziki da Kasuwanci a Kwalejin Kasa da Kasa ta Cambridge a cikin 2017, Jarida a Cibiyar Jarida ta Najeriya a Ogba-Ikeja, da Talla a Cibiyar Gudanar da Kasuwancin Kasuwanci da Jarida. Ya kasance tsohon jami'in makarantar sakandare ta T.I. Ahmadiyya.

## Ayyuka
Ya fara aikinsa a matsayin ɗan jaridar kasuwanci a Luv FM kuma ya tashi cikin matsayi don ya zama mataimakin edita. Daga baya ya shiga Media General, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Ofishin Sashen Arewa, kafin ya koma Multimedia Group Limited a matsayin editan reshen Kumasi (N__hau____hau____hau__ FM da Luv FM). 

Domfeh ya ba da rahoto game da aikin gona, canjin yanayi, da batutuwan da suka shafi. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Wakilin Ghana na WRENmedia kuma a halin yanzu shi ne Babban Ofishin Ghana na AfricaClimateReports.com . 

Ya yi aiki tare da Amnesty International a kan kafofin watsa labarai da horar da haƙƙin ɗan adam.

### CLAP Gh
Ya kafa Cibiyar Rayuwa da Aikin Gona (CLAP Gh) a watan Maris na 2020 a matsayin hadin gwiwa don inganta ayyukan al'umma kan batutuwan yanayi. Dandalin yana gina haɗin kai tsakanin kimiyya, muhalli, da aikin gona don magance canjin yanayi da tallafawa ci gaba mai ɗorewa. Hakanan yana ba da gudummawa ga ƙoƙarin rage sauyin yanayi da daidaitawa.

## Manazarta