open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Yaren Ngambay

**Yaren Ngambay** (wani yarenewanda aka fi sani da harshen Sara, Sara Ngambai, Gamba, Gambaye, Gamblai da Ngambai) ɗaya ne daga cikin manyan harsunan da al'ummar Sara a yankin kudu maso yammacin Chadi da arewa maso gabashin Kamaru da kuma gabashin Najeriya ke amfani da su, wanda ke da harsuna kusan miliyan guda. Ngambay shi ne yaren Sara da ake magana da shi, kuma ana amfani da shi azaman yaren kasuwanci tsakanin masu magana da wasu yarukan. Mutanen Sara Gambai ne ke magana.

Ngambay yana da tsari-Tsarin kalma-Kayan aiki. Suffixes suna nuna harka. Babu tashin hankali; Ana nuna al'amari ta cikakkiyar bambanci - mara kyau. Masu gyara suna bin sunaye. Tsarin lamba yana da ƙima, amma takwas da tara an bayyana su azaman 10-minus-biyu da 10-minus-daya. Harshen sauti ne mai sautuna uku: babba, tsakiya, da ƙasa. Akwai kalmomin lamuni daga Larabci da Faransanci.

## Fassarar sauti

### Wasula

### Bakake/Harufan Hanci

Ana iya ƙara wasulan ko nasali. Harsuna da lafazi sun haɗa da babba /á/, tsakiyar /ā/, ƙananan /à/, da nasalised /ã/.

## Manazarta

## Mahadan Waje
*The Sara-Bagirmi Language Project – Ngambay
Oorlams Creole

**Oorlam** (kuma: Oorlands, O*Orlans*) yare ne na Afrikaans da ake magana a Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Kudu da Namibia, ta Mutanen Oorlam. 

Ana ɗauka a matsayin ko dai yaren ƴan asalin Afirka ne ko kuma yaren Afrikaans daidai.

Oorlams yana da abubuwa da yawa daga harsunan Khoi

## Duba kuma

* Yaruka na tarihi na Afrikaans

## Manazarta
Mama Keïta

**Mama Keïta** (kuma **Mama Kéïta** da **Mama Keita**, An haife su a shekarar 1956) marubuciyar fim ce ta Guinea, darektan fina-finai, kuma mai shirya fina-finai

Bayan karatun doka a Jami'ar Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonnta ya fara zama marubyarcfimllo, amma a cikin 19t1 ya juya zuwa jagorancin gajerun fina-finai kuma a shekarar 1991 ta fitar da fim ɗin ta na farko, *Ragazzi*.

## Fim
Fina-finan Keita sun haɗa da:

## Kyauta
Fina-finan Keita ta sami nasarori kamar haka: 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin Hadi na waje
### Bidiyo
* . Video duration 2m 02 s. Uploader MostraCinemaAfrica09, 2009. Feature film "L'absence" by MamaKeita (Guinea) 2008 Award for best screenplay Fespaco 2009 - Programmed at the 14th Mostra de Cinema Africà in Barcelona from November 6 to 12, 2009.
* . Video duration 6 m 01s. Uploader KINA TV, 2013. Keïta explains his cinematic vision. French spoken.
Yaren Yuchi

**Yuchi** ko **Euchee** shine harshen *Tsoyaha* (Yaran Sun), wanda aka fi sani da Mutanen Yuchi, yanzu suna zaune a Oklahoma. A tarihi, sun zauna a cikin abin da yanzu ake kira kudu maso gabashin Amurka, gami da gabashin Tennessee, yammacin Carolinas, arewacin Georgia, da Alabama, a lokacin farkon mulkin mallaka na Turai. Mutane da yawa masu magana da yaren Yuchi sun haɗu da Muscogee Creek lokacin da suka yi ƙaura zuwa yankinsu a Georgia da Alabama. An tilasta musu komawa tare da su zuwa Yankin Indiya a farkon karni na 19.

kaset na sauti a cikin yaren Yuchi sun kasance a cikin tarin Jami'ar Jihar Columbus a Columbus, Jojiya.

Yuchi an rarraba shi a matsayin harshe mai zaman kansa, saboda ba a san shi da alaƙa da wani harshe ba. Masana harsuna daban-daban sun  iƙirarin, duk da haka, cewa harshen yana da dangantaka mai nisa da dangin Siouan: Sapir a 1921 da 1929, Haas a 1951 da 1964, Elmendorf a 1964, Rudus a 1974, da Crawford a 1979.

## Yankin da aka rarraba
Ana magana da Yuchi da farko a arewa maso gabashin Oklahoma, inda mutanen Yuchi ke zaune a cikin yankunan Tulsa, Okmulgee, da Creek na yanzu, a cikin Yankin ikon kabilanci na Muscogee (Creek).  A shekara ta 1997, dattawa 12 zuwa 19 suna magana da yaren daga cikin kimanin mutanen Yuchi 1,500.  shekara ta 2009, masu magana da kyau guda biyar ne kawai, wanda yarensu na farko ba Turanci ba ne, sun kasance, kuma a shekara ta 2011 daya ne kawai.

## Tarihi
Mutanen Yuchi sun zauna a Tennessee a lokacin hulɗar Turai. A farkon karni na 18, sun koma arewa maso yammacin Georgia a kudu maso gabashin Amurka, a karkashin matsin lamba daga Cherokee mai iko a Tennessee. A can ne suka zauna kusa da Muscogee Creek kuma suka haɗa kai da su. A cikin shekarun 1830, an tilasta wa masu magana da yaren Yuchi tare da Mutanen Muscogee zuwa Yankin Indiya. 

## Manazarta
Yaren Pol

**Pol** yare ne na Bantu na Kamaru . Ana magana da yaren Pol a tsakiyar Kamaru; ana magana da yarukan Pomo da Kweso a Kongo da CAR kusa da iyakar Kamaru

## Yawan jama'a
Polri Asóm, yaren kudancin yaren Polri a cikin garin Bertoua, ana samunsa a cikin garin Dimako, kusa da Kwakum . 

Asóm suna da'awar fahimtar Kinda kuma akasin haka. Masu magana da Kwakum sun kuma yi iƙirarin fahimtar Polri Asóm . 

Ana magana da Polri Asóm a ƙauyuka tara: huɗu a gabashin Doumé (ƙauyen Dimako, sashen Haut-Nyong, Yankin Gabas) da biyar a arewacin Bertoua (kudancin Pol Canton a cikin garin Bélabo, sashen Lom-et-Djerem, Yankin Gabas). 

Ana magana da Polri Kinda a ƙauyuka uku: Mambaya zuwa arewa, da Mansa da Ona . B kamata a rikita yaren Asóm da yaren Asón na Bébil ba.

Ana kuma magana da Polri a Jamhuriyar Kongo. A Kamaru, akwai masu magana 38,676. 

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Harsunan Sotho-Tswana

Harsunan **Sotho-Tswana** rukuni ne na yarukan Bantu da ke da alaƙa da juna da ake magana a Kudancin Afirka. Kungiyar Sotho-Tswana ta dace da lakabin S.30 a cikin rarrabuwa Guthrie's ta 1967-71  na harsuna a cikin Iyalin Bantu.

Yaruka daban-daban na Tswana, Kudancin Sotho da Arewacin Sotho suna iya fahimtar juna sosai. Fiye da lokaci guda, an gabatar da shawarwari don ƙirƙirar haɗe- haɗe da ayyana harshen Sotho-Tswana.

## Harsuna
Kungiyar ta kasu zuwa manyan rassa hudu: 
 
Arewacin Sotho, wanda ya bayyana galibi ya zama nau'in riƙe haraji don abin da yake Sotho-Tswana amma ba a iya saninsa Kudancin Sotho ko Tswana ba,  yana ɗaukar yaruka daban-daban ciki har da Pedi ( *Sepedi* ), Tswapo ( *Setswapo* ), Lovedu ( *Khilebedu* ), Pai da Pulana. Maho (2002) ya bar nau'in "East Sotho" na Kutswe, Pai, da Pulana wanda ba a rarraba su a cikin Sotho-Tswana.

## Misali
Addu'ar Ubangiji a cikin harsunan Sotho-Tswana daban-daban.

Hausa: Ubanmu wanda ke cikin sama, A tsarkake sunanka, Mulkinka ya zo, a aikata nufinka, cikin duniya kamar yadda ake yinsa cikin sama.

## Nassoshi
Yasmine Kassari

**Yasmine Kassari** (an Haife shi ranar 3 ga watan Oktoba 1970) daraktar fina-finan Morocco ce, wacce aka sani dalilin, silima mai launi iri-iri.

Kassari ta koma birnin Paris ne tun tana matashiya, inda ta kammala karatun sakandare kuma ta shiga makarantar likitanci.  Bayan karatun likitanci na tsawon shekaru biyu, ba zato ba tsammani ta yanke shawarar zama mai shirya fina-finai kuma ta yi rajista a INSAS ( *Institut National Supérieur des Arts du Spectacle* ) a Brussels. A matsayinta na ɗalibi ta kuma yi aiki da kamfanin samarwa Les films de la drève, inda Jean-Jacques Andrien ya ba ta shawara.  A cikin 1990s, ta ba da Umarni ga gajerun fina-finai uku kuma a cikin 2000, ta ba da umarnin shirya shirin *Quand les hommes pleurent* ( *Lokacin da Maza suka yi kuka* ) game da ƙaura daga Morocco zuwa Spain. Fim ɗinta na shekarar 2004 *[[The Sleeping Child|L'Enfant endormi]]* ( The Sleeping Child ) ya sami babbar lambar yabo ta Amber don Mafi kyawun Fim da Kyautar Jury don Mafi kyawun Fim a Bikin Fim na Bos'Art.

## Fim
* 1994: *[[Le feutre noir]]* (short film)
* 1995: *[[Chiens errants]]* (short film)
* 2000: *[[Quand les hommes pleurent]]* (documentary)
* 2001: *[[Linda et Nadia]]* (short film)
* 2004: *[[L'Enfant endormi]]* (*The Sleeping Child*)

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin Hadi na waje
* Yasmine Kassari at cinefil.fr
*
Philippe Lacôte

**Philippe Lacote** darektan fina-finan Ivory Coast ne.  An fi sani da shi don fim ɗin sa na shekarar 2014 mai suna: *[[Run (fim 2014)|Run]]*, wanda ya kasance mai kyautar Lumières Award don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Faransanci a 20th Lumières Awards,  da kuma fim dinsa na 2020 *Night of the Kings (La Nuit des rois)*, wanda ya yi nasara na Kyautar Amplify Voices a Bikin Fim na Duniya na Toronto na 2020 . 

Hakanan an zaɓi dukkan fina-finan a matsayin ƙaddamar da Cote d'Ivoire zuwa Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Fim na Duniya Oscar, *Gudu* don Kyautar Kwalejin Kwalejin ta 88 a 2016  da Night of the Kings for the don Kyautar Kwalejin Kwalejin ta 93 a 2021. 

## Yabo
A cikin 2021, an zaɓe shi a matsayin memba na Jury don sashin gasar ƙasa da ƙasa na 74th Locarno Film Festival wanda aka gudanar daga 4 zuwa 14 ga Agusta.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin Hadi na waje
*
Yaren Kewa

**Kewa** wani nau'in yaren Engan ne na lardin Southern Highlands na Papua New Guinea. Franklin & Franklin (1978)  sun tattara ƙamus na yaren yammacin Kewa.

## Rijistar Kewa pandanus
Kewa  cikakken rikodin kauce wa pandanus, wanda ake amfani dashi kawai a cikin gandun daji a lokacin girbi karuka, an rubuta shi sosai. An tsara harshe kuma an ƙuntata ƙamus, tare da kusan kalmomi dubu waɗanda suka bambanta da harshe na al'ada. Karl. Franklin ne ya fara bayyana wannan a shekarar 1972.

Kalmomin Pandanus-register suna da fa'ida mai zurfi. *Ni*, *yoyo*, reduplication na yo 'shafi', yana nufin gashi, kunne, nono, da scrotum, duk abubuwan da ke rataye daga jiki yayin da ganyen pandanus ke rataye a itace. *Palaa,* 'ƙafa', (ko cinya ko reshe) ana amfani dashi don duk wani bayani game da bishiyoyi, gami da tushen, itace, da wuta.  (Ko da a cikin Kewa na yau da kullun, repena yana nufin 'itace' da 'wuta'.) *Maeye* ko 'hauka' yana nufin duk wani dabba da ba ɗan adam ba sai dai karnuka. Ya bambanta da duniyar tunani ta mutane.

An kirkiro kalmomi da yawa daga yanayin Kewa amma suna da ma'anoni na idiosyncratic a cikin gandun daji. **'aa**', daga aa 'mutum', yago 'aboki', da *pa* 'yi, yin', yana nufin mutum, gwiwa, fata, da wuyansa. Ana gina kalmomi da yawa a kan wannan kalma. Misali, ni madi aayagopa-si (Ina ɗauke da mutum-DIM) yana nufin "mahaifinna".

Harshen kuma an sauƙaƙa harshe. An rasa yanayin haɗin sashi kuma an maye gurbinsa da sauƙi mai sauƙi na sassan. A cikin daidaitattun Kewa, akwai saiti biyu na ƙarshen magana, ɗayan yana nuna ayyukan da aka yi don amfanin mai magana. Wannan saiti ya ɓace daga yaren pandanus. Sauran juyin ya bambanta da ɗan kaɗan. Misali, siffofin 'zama' sune:

(The *-nu* a cikin *aayagopanu* ne na rukuni).

## Bayani

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Harshen Sumayela Ndebele

**Sumayela Ndebele**, **Arewacin Transvaal Ndebele** ko kuma **siNdebele** yaren Bantu ne na ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu . Ana kuma magana da shi a arewa maso gabas na Kudancin Ndebele .   

## Manazarta
Arcade Assogba

**Arcade Assogba**, ɗan wasan fina-finan Benin ne.    Ya ba da gudummawa sosai ga fina-finai na Benin ta hanyar yin tarurrukan bita da yawa da sadarwar dijital da manyan al'adu daban-daban  a Benin kamar bikin fina-finai na duniya na Ouidah da bikin wasan kwaikwayo na Benin, Fitheb.   Ya kuma yi fice a matsayin daraktan da aka fi sani da gajeren fim, *ZanKlan*.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Daga shekarun 2006 zuwa 2009, Assogba yayi karatun cinema a Institut Cinématographique de Ouidah (ICO). Sannan ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin dan Adam da zamantakewa daga jami'ar Paris 1 Pantheon Sorbonne sannan ya yi digirinsa na biyu a fannin shari'a a jami'ar Abomey-Calavi da ke Benin.

## Sana'a
Assogba ya fara aikin sinima ne a matsayin mataimakin darekta na farko a fina-finai da dama da aka yi a Benin. Ya yi aiki tare da mashahuran daraktoci na duniya irin su Sylvestre Amoussou, Jean Odoutan, Pablo César da Heidi Specogna da Pascale Obolo a cikin fina-finai masu yawa. A cikin shekarar 2018, ya fara zama darakta tare da shirin Crossing*…* . Bayan nasarar fim ɗin, ya yi Short *ZanKlan* a cikin wannan shekarar. Nunin ya sami kyakkyawan bita daga masu suka kuma an tantance shi kuma ya sami lambobin yabo a bukukuwan fina-finai da yawa. A cikin shekarar 2019, fim ɗin ya sami lambar yabo ta 2 mafi kyau a Rebiap festival international de films, Benin.

## Filmography

## Duba kuma

* Festival de Baia das Gatas

## Manazarta
Yaren Nalca

**Nalca** (Naltya, Naltje) yare ne na Papuan da ake magana a Yah 142 Regency, Highland Papua, Indonesia . Sauran sunayen sune Hmanggona, Hmonono, Kim Dawn (Kimyal). Ana amfani da ƙarshen sau da yawa don Korupun-Sela. Indonesian Kemendikbud ya rarraba Nalca a matsayin **Mek Nalca**, yayin da ake amfani da *Kimyal* don Korupun-Sela 

## Tarihi
Harshen Nalca harshe ne da ba a rubuta shi ba har sai masu wa'azi a ƙasashen waje daga Amurka sun shiga yankin a farkon shekarun 1960. An kirkiro shirin karatu da rubutu, kuma mutane da yawa a cikin ƙungiyar yaren Nalca sun koyi karatu. Roger Doriot daga Amurka ya koyi yaren kuma ya kammala fassarar Sabon Alkawari na Littafi Mai-Tsarki a shekara ta 2000.

## Rarraba
Nalca na cikin reshen Gabas na yarukan Mek, wanda shine dangin harsuna masu alaƙa da juna waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyar Harsunan Trans-New Guinea.

## Yankin da aka rarraba
Kimanin mutane 16,000 ne ke magana da yaren Nalca a gabashin tsaunuka na Yammacin Papua . 

## Fasahar sauti

### Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi
Nalca yana  ƙwayoyin sauti guda 15:

### Sautin sautin
Nalca yana  sautuna biyar: [1]

## Harshen harshe

### Yanayin Yanayi
Nalca yare ne mai warewa gabaɗaya, amma yana nuna tsarin da aka tsara na haɗuwa a cikin tsari na kalma.

### Rubuce-rubuce
Tsarin kalma na yau da kullun na Nalca shine batun-abu-kalma (SOV).

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Jean Paul Amoussou

**Jean Paul Amoussou** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1970), wanda aka fi sani da sunansa na mataki **Oncle Bazar**, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Benin, ɗan wasan barkwanci, darekta, furodusa, darektan bidiyo da marubucin allo.  

## Rayuwa ta sirri
An haife shi a cikin shekarar 1970 a Treichville, Benin.

A cikin shekarar 2017, an yi masa fashi a daren 3 ga watan Yuni 2017 a Grand-Popo a cikin sashin Mono, inda wani ɗan sanda da ke aiki a Lokossa da wani soja da ke aiki a Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Grand-Popo suka aikata laifin.

## Sana'a
A lokacin rayuwarsa a makarantar firamare, ya shiga rukunin wasan kwaikwayo na makaranta kuma ya yi wasanni da yawa. Daga baya ya ci kyautuka da dama a kan waɗannan wasannin kwaikwayo na makaranta. Bayan ya shiga makarantar sakandare, ya haɗu da Justin Avolonto, sannan Daraktan CSP, Course na Sakandare na Furotesta. A ƙarƙashin jagorancin Avolonto, Amoussou ya haɓaka ƙwarewar wasan kwaikwayo ta hanyar shiga ayyukan fasaha da al'adu da yawa na makarantar sakandare. Sannan ya haɗu da marigayi Farfesa Momby. Tare da shahararrun wasan kwaikwayo da kuma shirye-shiryen talabijin, ya zama abin burgewa a fagen fasaha da al'adu na Afirka a ƙarƙashin sunan "Oncle Bazar".  

Daga baya ya kafa kamfanin "Oncle Bazar Productions" kuma yayi aiki tare da fitattun mutane kamar marigayi Gbomagniavoko, Prince Yadjo.   A halin yanzu, ya fara samar da kaset na sauti kamar "Le Doute Du Président" da "Trouble D'Amour". A cikin shekarar 1999, kamfanin ya fara samar da sauti na farko a cikin VCD mai suna *Petit Pipi*. A wancan lokacin, VCD ta kasance ta farko a tarihin kafofin watsa labaru na Benin. Bayan babbar sha'awar jama'a, kamfanin ya fara samarwa da yawa na ƙasa kamar *Agbako* (2004), *Assougbo* (2006), *Gbèto dida* (2007). A cikin shekarar 2008, ya biyo bayan shahararrun jerin 'yan sanda *Djibiti, Volume 1 da 2*, wanda daga baya ya zama nasara a duniya. A cikin shekarar 2009, ya yi jerin jerin *Houédjizo* (Gidan wuta). 

A shekara ta 2003 Amoussou ya sami matsayin Knight na Order of Merit na Benin. Sa'an nan a cikin shekarar 2004, an gane shi a matsayin Best Artist na Year. A shekara ta 2010, ya shirya fim ɗin *The Black Hand* wanda aka zaɓa don bikin Khourigha African Film Festival a Morocco. Daga baya a cikin shekarar 2011, Fim ɗinsa *Houedjizo* ya zaɓe shi ta wannan bikin kuma ya wakilci bikin fina-finai na Pan-African na Ouagadougou (Fespaco) 2011. Sauran fina-finansa guda uku: *Djibiti*, *La Main noire* da *Houédjizo* an zaɓo su a Rencontres audiovisuelles de Douala (Rado), Kamaru.  Fim ɗin *Djibiti* ya sayar da kusan kwafin VCD (CD na Bidiyo) kusan dubu arba'in. Tare da nasarar kasuwanci, an fitar da kashi na biyu na fim ɗin *Djibiti 2* a watan Nuwamba 2008 wanda aka kiyasta ya kai CFA miliyan 16.  A cikin shekarar 2014, ya yi fina-finan TV *Mon invité* da *Mon ménage* .

## Filmography

## Manazarta
Seydou Boro

**Seydou Boro** (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1968 a Ouagadougou) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Burkinabé, mai rawa, kuma mai tsara wasan kwaikwayo. Ya taka rawar gani a fim din 1995 wanda Dani Kouyate ya jagoranta *[[Keita! l'Héritage du griot (fim)|Keita!]]*! *[[Keita! l'Héritage du griot (fim)|Gādon Griot]]*.

## Bayanan da aka yi

* *Horon*'' (Label Bleu, 2016) 

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* 
* Shafin yanar gizon hukuma 
* Seydou Borofaifai aDiscogs
Harshen Namuyi

**Namuyi** (Namuzi; mai zaman kansa: na54 mī54) yare ne na Tibeto-Burman na reshen Naic, wanda kusan mutane 10,000 ke magana. An fara magana da shi ne a kudancin Sichuan. Sun Hongkai (2001) da Guillaume Jacques sun rarraba Namuyi a matsayin Qiangic (2011). Yaren gabas da yamma suna da ƙarancin fahimtar juna. A Sichuan, ana magana da shi a cikin Muli County da Mianning County.  Yana cikin haɗari [1] kuma yawan masu magana da ƙwarewa yana raguwa shekara-shekara, saboda yawancin matasa ba sa magana da yaren, maimakon haka suna magana da yarukan Sichuan na Sinanci. 

## Yankin rarraba
Namuyi yare ne da ake magana a cikin ƙauyuka huɗu masu zuwa na kudancin Sichuan: 

* Sunan Namuyi: Dàshuǐ ƙauyen 大水村, Mínshèng Township 民胜鄉, Xīchāng City (80 kabilanci Namuyi) 
* Sunan Namuyi: ƙauyen Xiǎngshuǐ ƙauyen 響水村, Xiǎngshuǐn Township 響水鄉, Xīchāng City (800 ƙabilar Namuyi) 
* **' (sunan Namuyi): ƙauyen Dōngfēng 東風村, Zéyuǎn, garin 澤遠鄉, Gundumar Miǎnníng (560 kabilun Namuyi) 
* **' (sunan Namuyi): ƙauyen Lǎoyā ƙauyen 老鴉村, garin Shābà, ƙauyen Miǎnníng (290 ƙabilar Namuyi) 

Hakanan ana magana da shi a Muli da Yanyuan na Liangshan Autonomous Prefecture da Jiulong County a Ganzi Autonomoous Prefecture . 

## Harsuna
Harshen Namuyi ya kasu kashi biyu daban-daban, yaren da mutanen da ke kusa da Muli ke magana, da yaren waɗanda ake magana a Mianning. H sun bambanta galibi a cikin ilimin sauti, inda yaren Mianning da Yanyuan suna da ƙananan ƙididdigar ƙididdiga kamar yadda ya saba da yaren Mianner da Xichang.

## Fasahar sauti
Akwai nau'ikan asali guda  a cikin yaren Namuyi. Namuyi kuma yana  sautuna goma, /i/ don [i], /e/ don [e], /ɛ/ don [ʃ,ɯ] /ʉ/ don [y], /ə/ don [ə], /a/ don [a], /u/ don [u], /o/ don [o], da /ɔ/ don [ɔ].  Tsawon wasula na sauti, kodayake masu magana na iya tsawaita wasula a cikin sashi na farko a wasu lokuta don jaddada kalma.

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Yaren Lotha

**Harshen Lotha** yare ne na Sino-Tibetan wanda kusan mutane 180,000 ke magana a Gundumar Wokha ta yammacin tsakiyar Nagaland, Indiya. Tana tsakiyar karamin gundumar Wokha (babban birnin Wokha). Wannan gundumar tana da ƙauyuka sama da 114 kamar Pangti, Maraju (Merapani), Englan, Baghty (Pakti) da sauransu, inda ake magana da yaren a ko'ina kuma ana nazarin shi.

## Sunayen
Sauran sunayen sun hada da Chizima, Choimi, Hlota, Kyong, Lhota, Lotha, Lutha, Miklai, Tsindir, da Tsontsii (Ethnologue).

## Harsuna
Ethnologue ya lissafa wadannan yarukan Lotha.

* Rayuwa
* Tsontsü
* Ndreng
* Kyong
* Kyo
* Kyon
* Kyou

cikin *Binciken Harshe na Indiya*, masanin harshe George Abraham Grierson ya bincika rassa daban-daban na harsuna a Indiya kuma ya rarraba harsunan Naga daban-daban zuwa kungiyoyi uku: Yammacin Naga, Gabashin Naga, da Tsakiyar Naga. Lotha ya fada cikin ƙungiyar Naga ta Tsakiya, wanda ya haɗa da yarukan Ao, Sangtam, da Yimkhiungrü . 

## Fasahar sauti

### Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

* /v/ lokacin da /o/ ya biyo baya ana iya jin sa a matsayin [w] a cikin bambancin kyauta.
* Maganar trills /r, rh/ na iya bambanta a matsayin approximants [ɹ, ɹh] ko retroflex fricative [ə] tsakanin masu magana.
* /j/ kawai yana faruwa ne kamar yadda ake son sauti kamar /jh/ tsakanin sauran yaruka.
* Ana iya jin kalmomin /p, k/ a matsayin waɗanda ba a sake su ba a cikin matsayi na ƙarshe.

### Sautin sautin

* Lokacin da /u/ ya bi ma'anar leɓuna ko /k, kh/, ana amfani da ma'anar kuma /u/ ana gane shi azaman ba a zagaye ba [ɯ]. Sakamakon shine daga /ku, khu, pu, phu/ zuwa [kvɯ, kfɯ, pvɯ, pfɯ].
* /i/ na iya zama tsakiya da ƙasa kamar [ɨ, ə] a cikin sautunan buɗewa yayin bin sautunan sibilant (/ʃi/ ~ [ʃɨ~ʃə]).
* /ə/ na iya kasancewa a cikin furcin zuwa sauti na baya [ɯ].
* /i, u/ kuma ana iya jin taƙaitawa kamar [ɪ, ʊ] a cikin syllable na farko.

## Orthography da wallafe-wallafen
An rubuta Lotha a cikin Rubutun Latin, wanda mishaneri na Burtaniya da Amurka suka gabatar a ƙarshen karni na 19. Matsakaici ne na ilimi har zuwa matakin digiri na biyu a jihar Nagaland. Har ila yau, yaren da ake wa'azin wa'aikatar coci. An fassara Littafi Mai-Tsarki zuwa yaren Lotha, yana ƙarawa sosai ga ƙamus, wanda ke da tasirin Assamese da Hindi.

## Bayanan da aka ambata

## Haɗin waje

*  .
* Harsunan Sin da Tibet
* Shirin Harsunan da ke cikin Hadari: Lotha Naga
Blandine Yaméogo

**Blandine Yaméogo** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1960), 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Burkinabé . Ta  yi aiki a fina-finai masu daraja La nuit de la vérité, *Delwende* da Notre étrangère . Baya ga yin fim, ita ma mai tsara wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma mawaki.

## Hotunan fina-finai

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

*
New Capitol Cinema

**New Capitol Cinema** wata ɓangare ta cinema  a Botswana.

New Cinemas na Capitol sun buɗe gidan cineplex na farko na Botswana a cikin shekarar 2002, a matsayin haɗaɗɗiyar silima mai allo huɗu a cikin Kasuwar Siyayya ta Riverwalk a Gabashin Gaborone.  A cikin wannan shekarar, New Capitol Cinemas kuma sun buɗe cineplex mai allon fuska tara a Gidan Siyayyar Wasanni a Gaborone West.   Ɗaya daga cikin membobin kungiyar shine Rizwan K. Desai, ɗan Abdul Kadir Desai, ɗan kasuwa wanda ya mallaki gidan sinima na Capitol a cikin Mall.

A cikin shekarar 2017 an sanar da wani Sabon Capitol Cinemas, a Acacia Mall a Phakalane.  Zauren Platinum, wanda ke isar da abincin gidan cin abinci ga masu kallon silima, an buɗe shi a cikin shekarar 2019. 

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Sabon gidan yanar gizon Cinema na Capitol 

## Manazarta
Funny Bone (actor)

hibunna "Funny Bone" Stanley (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga Oktoba 1998) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Nollywood na Najeriya kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo  daga jihar Anambra.   wani wasan kwaikwayon a Anambra, ya sanya Gwamnan Anambra na lokacin, Obiano don saka hannun jari a cikin matasa kuma ya ba da umarnin wadanda aka nada siyasa na jihar su kasance masu aiki.

cikin 2020, ya lashe kyautar AMVCA Best Actor ta 2020 a cikin kyautar Comedy inda ya doke wasu masu fafatawa 4.

## Hotunan da aka zaɓa

### Fim din

* *Neman Odera* (2022) 
* *[[Aki and Pawpaw|Aki da Pawpaw]]* (2021) 
* *Kungiyar Masu Tattalin Arziki (2021) *
* *<nowiki/>'Yan gidan da ba su da bege (2021) *
* *[[Three Thieves (fim 2019)|<nowiki/>'Yan fashi Uku]]* (2019) 
* Smash (2018) 
* *Mai Tsaro* (2018) 
* *Sajan Tutu* (2017) 
* *[[Brother Jekwu|Ɗan'uwa Jekwu]] (2016) *
* *Lokacin da Ƙauna ta sake faruwa (2016) *
* *Kudin Saurin Kasuwanci* (2016) 

### Talabijin

* Squatterz (2012) 

## Manazarta
Iya Gbonkan

argaret Bandele Olayinka** (an haife ta a ranar 14 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1958), wacce aka fi sani da **Iya Gbonkan''', 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Najeriya,  wacce aka fi saninta da fuskar fuska mai ban tsoro. 

## Ayyuka
Iya Gbonkan taurari galibi a matsayin maƙaryaci a fina-finai na Yoruba;  wannan yana taimakawa ta hanyar jikinta na halitta.   yi fice a farkon shekarun 1970s lokacin da ta fito a kan Pa Yemi Elebu'bon jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Ifa Olokun da kuma Olori Emere da kuma Yekinni Ajileye's Koto Orun.

## Manazarta
Isaka Sawadogo

**Isaka Sawadogo** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1966), wani lokacin ana kiransa **Issaka Sawadogo**, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Burkina faso .   fi saninsa da wasan kwaikwayon da ya yi a fim din Kanada *Diego Star*, wanda ya sami kyautar Prix Jutra don Mafi kyawun Actor a 16th Jutra Awards a cikin 2014. [1] da kuma fim din Dutch The Paradise Suite. wanda ya lashe Golden Calf don Mafi kyawun Actor a 2016 Netherlands Film Festival. 

A cikin 2020, ya bayyana a cikin rawar goyon baya a fim din Philippe Lacôte na Night of the Kings (La Nuit des rois).   cikin 2021 ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin gajeren fim din Jorge Camarotti *Ousmane.* [1]

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

*
Maureen Ihua

'Maureen Ihuayar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Nollywood wacce ta yi fim a fina-finai kamar Domitila,planned da Unpredictable . Ta yi aiki tare da Liz Benson da Regina Askia .

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
Ihua ta fito ne daga Jihar Rivers kuma ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta Mariam Girls . 

## Ayyuka
Ta fito a cikin fina-finai kusan 100 a masana'antar Nollywood . 

## Hotunan fina-finai

* *Gidauniyar*
* *Miliyoyin*
* *Ba a iya tsammani ba*
* *Ba a tsara shi ba*
* *Wasan*
* *Babbar sandar Mama*
* *Ruhun soyayya*
* *Masked*
* *Labari a shekara 60*

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Ihua  yi aure kuma tana da 'ya'ya biyar.

## Manazarta
Thabiso Maretlwaneng

**Thabiso Maretlwaneng** ɗan gidan talabijin na Botswana ne kuma mai shirya fina-finai.  Ya sami lambar yabo ta African Achievers a shekarar alif 2015.  

## Rayuwa
Thabiso Maretlwaneng ya kasance zakaran wasan karate, kuma ya sami gurbin karatu na wasanni don yin karatu a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Swinburne a Ostiraliya. A matsayinsa na ɗalibi, ya samar da wani fim mai tsayi mai tsayi, *Head Up*, biyo bayan tafiyar matasa 'yan gudun hijira baƙar fata a Ostiraliya suna ƙoƙarin shiga cikin masana'antar hip hop ta ƙasar. Waƙar sauti don *Head Up* ta sami lambar yabo a shekarar 2009 New York International Independent Film and Video Festival. 

Kamfanin Dee-Zone Productions na Maretlwaneng na Botswana ya sami tallafin matasa daga Gwamnatin Botswana.  Ya samar da *Ntwagolo*, wani docudrama mai mu'amala mai kashi 52 yana kallon tasirin AIDS a Botswana. *Pelokgale*, jerin da suka fara watsawa a cikin shekarar 2014, sunyi nazarin cin zarafin jinsi.  Wani wasan kwaikwayo na nishaɗi, *Pula Power*, kuma ya fara watsawa a cikin shekarar 2014.  A cikin shekarar 2016 Production na Dee-Zone an kai kara kan hayar da ba a biya ba. 

## Filmography

### Fina-finai

* Head *Up*. Documentary.

### Jerin Talabijan

* *Ntwagolo* . 52-wasan kwaikwayo.
* *Pelokgale*, 2014. 26-wasan kwaikwayo.

## Manazarta
Efe Irele

**Efeilomo Michelle Irele** (an haif ta 4 Satumba 1990) ƴar wasa cecta Najeriya   kuma ƴar ado, an fi sanin ta da **Efe Irele**.

## Rayuwa ta farko da aiki
Efe Irele 'yar asalin Jihar Edo ce amma an haife ta kuma ta girma a jihar Legas. Tana da 'yan uwa uku. Efe Irele ta halarci makarantar firamare ta Corona, Legas, kuma ta sami karatun sakandare a Kwalejin Queens, Yaba . 

Irele tana  BSc a cikin ilimin zamantakewa daga Jami'ar Bowen da kuma digiri na biyu a cikin Gudanar da albarkatun ɗan adam daga Jami'an Chester, Burtaniya.

Ta shiga cikin samfurin ga masu fasaha kuma ta fito a cikin bidiyon Burna Boy's Like to Party a shekarar 2012. Ta kuma fito a cikin bidiyon Adekunle Gold's Sade .  Ta ci gaba da fasalin a cikin fina-finai da jerin fina-fukkuna na Nollywood da suka hada da Real Side Chics, Wrong Kind of War, Ire's Ire, Zahra,  Scandals  

Efe Irele ta yanke shawarar gwada yin wasan kwaikwayo bayan ta yi aiki a matsayin manajan HR na watanni da yawa. Ta sauka da rawar farko a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen Iroko TV na 2016, Aso Ebi .

## Ayyukan agaji da kyaututtuka
Efe  ƙaddamar da Gidauniyar Efe Irele Autism a cikin 2018 don kula da yara masu cutar autism.

## Hotunan fina-finai
Ga wasu fina-finai na Efe da aka nuna a cikin:

* *Karen mai makoki* (2017) 
* 'Yan Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawan (2017) 
* *Zahra* (2017) 
* *Jon Ajai* (2017) 
* *Aso Ebi* (2016 - 2017) 
* *Mata marasa aure*
* *[[Lagos Real Fake Life|Legas Rayuwa ta Gaskiya]]* (2018) 
* *Ƙarfi Tare* (2018) 
* *Wasiƙun Jini* (2018) 
* Wani nau*'Irin Yaƙi mara kyau* (2018) 
* *Diva* (2018) 
* *Abin kunya* (2018) 
* *Sophia* (2018) 
* *Samun Farin Ciki* (2018) 
* *Muryar Makaho* (2019) 
* *[[Two Weeks in Lagos|Makonni Biyu a Legas]]* (2019) 
* *Zuriyar Duniya* (2019) 
* *Akpe* (2019) 
* *Bayyanawa* (2020) 
* *Jerin Becca* (2020) 
* Talakawa-Ish (2020) 
* Sweet Melony (2020) 
* *Rabuwa* (2020) 
* *Lokacin da Lemons suka zo* (2020) 
* Hey You (fim)

## Manazarta
Le Franc

**Le Franc** wani ɗan gajeren fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Senegal na 1994, wanda Djibril Diop Mambéty ya jagoranta.

Le Franc game da Marigo ne, mawaƙi marar kudi da ke zaune a cikin wani gari mai ƙauye, wanda mai gidansa mai ban tsoro ya tsananta masa.

Wannan fim din yana amfani da raguwar kashi 50% na gwamnatin Faransa na CFA na Yammacin Afirka a cikin 1994, da kuma matsalolin da suka haifar a matsayin tushen sharhi mai ban sha'awa game da amfani da caca don tsira.

An fara nufin Le Franc a matsayin fim na farko na trilogy a ƙarƙashin taken, Tales of Ordinary People . Koyaya, mutuwar Mambety ba tare da lokaci ba a cikin 1998 ta hana kammala fim na uku

## Bayani game da shi
Marigo mai kiɗa ya yi mafarki da kayan aikinsa - congoma - wanda uwargidansa ta kwace shi saboda bai taɓa biyan kuɗin haya ba. Ya sami tikitin caca kuma ya yanke shawarar sanya shi a wuri mai aminci yayin da yake jiran zane: ya manne shi a bayan ƙofar sa. A daren da aka zana, arziki ya makantar da Marigo, shi ne mai girman kai na tikitin da ya ci nasara. Ya riga ya ga kansa a matsayin miliyoyin, tare da dubban congomas, ƙungiyar mawaƙa da jirgin sama mai zaman kansa... Har ma yana da wahayin Aminata Fall mai ban sha'awa, alama ce ta jari-hujja a Afirka. Amma akwai karamin matsala; tikitin yana manne da ƙofar...

## Yan wasa

* Demba Bâ a matsayin "Dwarf"
* Dieye Ma Dieye a matsayin "Marigo"
* Aminata Fall a matsayin "Landlady"

## Saki
saki Le Franc a kan DVD tare da La petite vendeuse de Soleil (The Little Girl who Sold the Sun) kuma California Newsreel Productions ne ke rarraba shi.

## Manazarta
Hyenas (fim 1992)

***Hyenas*** 
Hyenas (Faransa: Hyènes) na'urar fim ɗin Senegal ce ta 1992 na daidaitawar fim ɗin Friedrich Dürrenmatt na Swiss-Jamus na satirical tragicomedy play The Visit (1956), wanda Djibril Diop Mambéty ya jagoranta.  Babban labarin soyayya da ramuwar gayya yayi daidai da sukar necolonialism da cin kasuwa na Afirka.  An shigar da shi a cikin 1992 Cannes Film Festival.

## Labarin fim
*[[Kura (dabba)|Hyenas]]* (Hyenas) ya ba da labarin Linguere Ramatou, wata tsohuwa, mace mai arziki wacce ta sake ziyartar ƙauyen gidanta na Colobane. Linguere ya ba da shawara mai ban tsoro ga mutanen Colobane kuma ya ba su alatu don shawo kansu. Wannan mace mai fushi, "mai arziki kamar Bankin Duniya", za ta ba Colobane dukiya don musayar kisan Dramaan Drameh, mai sayar da kayayyaki na yankin wanda ya watsar da ita bayan soyayya da kuma ciki mara kyau lokacin da take da shekaru goma sha bakwai.

## Ƴan Wasa

* Ami Diakhate a matsayin Linguère Ramatou
* Djibril Diop Mambéty a matsayin Gaana
* Mansour Diouf a matsayin Dramaan Drameh
* Calgou Fall a matsayin firist
* Faly Gueye a matsayin Mrs. Drameh
* Mamadou Mahourédia Gueye a matsayin magajin gari
* Issa Ramagelissa Samb a matsayin farfesa

## Amsa mai mahimmanci
Amsa mai mahimmanci ga fim din ya fi dacewa. Rotten Tomatoes ya ruwaito cewa kashi 91% na masu sukar sun ba da kyakkyawan bita ga fim din. An zabi Hyenas don lambar yabo ta Golden Palm a bikin fina-finai na Cannes na 1992.

* "Labari mara lokaci... Layin labarin mai ƙarfi da kyakkyawan haɗin gwiwar suna ba da sauri, sauƙin daidaitawa fiye da fina-finai da yawa na Afirka. "*Bambancin*
* "Wannan canjin fim mai ban sha'awa na yankin ya ba da labarin sabon bangare na siyasa... (Mambety) ya canza wasan kwaikwayo mai ban tsoro tare da gefen ban dariya. Wannan fim din yana ɗauke da rauni!" - The New York Times*[[New York Times|Jaridar New York Times]]*
* "Wannan mugun labari, wanda aka fada da basira da ba'a, yana da dukkan abubuwan da ke tattare da taron jama'a". - The Village Voice*Muryar ƙauyen*
* "Mafi arziki kuma mai dumi fiye da Dürrenmatt ya taɓa yin ƙarfin hali ya kasance amma tare da mummunan labarin, masu ban tsoro har yanzu suna cikin shaida. " - *New York Newsday*

## Manazarta
Yaren Karkar

**Harshen Karkar**, wanda aka fi sani da **Yuri**, shine kawai harshen Pauwasi na Gabas na Papua New Guinea. Akwai kusan masu magana dubu a kan iyakar Indonesian da ake magana a Green River Rural LLG, Lardin Sandaun.

## Tsarin rubuce-rubuce

## Harsuna
Harsuna sune:

* Yaren Yuri na Arewa ta Tsakiya, ana magana da shi a ƙauyen Yuri (3°53′42′′S 141°10′35′′E / 3.89509°S 141.176452°E / -3.89509; 141.175452 (Yuri Settlement)), Abaru ward, Green River Rural LLG
* Yaren *Auia-Tarauwi*, ana magana da shi a ƙauyen Auia (Auiya) (3°50′19′′S 141°08′18′′E / 3.838611°S 141.138294°E / -3.838611.; 141.139294 (Auiya 1)), Auiya 1 ward, Green River Rural LLG; kuma a Tarauwi (Trowari) ƙauye (3°50'16′′S 141 °02′07E / 3.8337695°S 143.035"E / 141.335) Rural G; Kambro173173174°E;
* Yaren *Usari*, ana magana da shi a ƙauyen Usari (3°51′15′′S 141°08′53′′E / 3.854202°S 141.148112°E / -3.854202; 141.14 8112 (Usari)), Auiya 1 ward, Green River Rural LLG

## Rarraba
Karkar-Yuri ba shi da alaƙa da wani yare a Papua New Guinea, sabili da haka an daɗe ana tunanin shi yare ne. Wannan shine matsayin Wurm (1983), Foley (1986), da Ross (2005). Koyaya, Timothy Usher ya lura cewa yana da alaƙa da yarukan Pauwasi a fadin iyaka a Indonesia. Lalle ne, yana iya samar da ci gaba da yaren tare da harshen Pauwasi na Gabas Emem. Wannan  nuna a cikin wallafe-wallafen da ba na harshe ba: taswirar 1940 ta nuna yankin 'Enam' (Emem) kamar yadda ya haɗa da yankin Karkar a PNG, kuma masanin ilimin ɗan adam Hanns Peter ya san cewa yaren Karkar ya ci gaba a fadin iyaka zuwa yankin Emem.

### Abokan Pauwasi
Cognates tsakanin Karkar-Yuri da Iyalin Pauwasi (harsunan Tebi da Zorop) da Foley ya lissafa (2018): 

## Wakilan sunaye
Wakilan da Ross ya lissafa (2005):

Abubuwan da ke cikin nau'ikan suna ɗaukar -an, wani lokacin suna maye gurbin *-o*: *onan, amoan, mutum, yinan, námoan, yumoan.* *Mao* mai nunawa ne 'wannan, wadanda'; ya bambanta da *nko, nkoan* 'wani (s) '.

Wakilan da Foley ya lissafa (2018) sune: 

## Fasahar sauti
Matsayin damuwa yana da rikitarwa, amma ba phonemic a cikin morphemes ba. Tsarin sautin shine CVC, ana zaton ana nazarin jerin hanci-plosive a matsayin sassan da aka tsara.

### Sautin sautin
Karkar yana da lissafin wasula wanda ya kunshi wasula 11, wanda ake la'akari da shi sosai ga harshen Papuan.

Har ila yau akwai diphthong *zuwa* ɗaya, ao  . *A* rubuta sautin á , é , *ae* , o , ko , ɨ .

Foley (2018) ya lissafa wasula 11 na Karkar-Yuri kamar haka: :

Wasu bambance-bambance na tsawo na wasali a cikin Karkar-Yuri (Foley 2018): :

* *ki* 'yam'
* *Kɨ* 'ya rabu'
* *ku* 'yanka a tsakiya a rabi'
* ke 'mai cin abinci'
* *Kər* 'sanya a cikin netbag'
* *ko* 'zaki'
* kæ 'kwai'
* *kʌʔr* 'wamp'
* kɔ 'sake'
* *kar* 'magana'
* *kɒ* 'nau'in tsuntsaye'

* *Kɨr* 'jan tsuntsu na aljanna' (*Paradisaea rubra*) 
* *Kər* 'sanya a cikin jaka'
* *kʌʔr* 'wamp'
* *kar* 'magana'

### Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

## Manazarta
Harshen Vandu

**Vandu** ko kuma **Red Gelao** yare ne na Gelao da ke cikin haɗari wanda ake magana a ƙauyuka biyu na Lardin Ha Giang, Vietnam .  an sami masu magana 1-2 a fadin iyaka a cikin Malipo County, Yunnan, China.

(2011), wanda ya haɗa da jerin kalmomi masu tsawo da rikodin sauti, shine mafi cikakken bayanin harshe har zuwa yau.

## Masu magana
A matsayin mafi haɗari na yaren Gelao, Red Gelao na Vietnam (kada a rikita shi da A'ou na Guizhou, China, wanda kuma ake kira Red Gelaon) kusan mutane 50 ne kawai ke magana. Masu magana da yawa sun koma kudu maso yammacin Mandarin ko Hmong. Mutanen Red Gelao, waɗanda ke kiran kansu **', suna aika amarya da baya tsakanin ƙauyukan Na Khê da Bạch Đích (ko Bìch Đich) a cikin Gundumar Yên Minh, Lardin Hà Giang, Vietnam da kuma wani ƙauye a Fanpo, Malipo County, Yunnan, China  (autonym: **') don tabbatar da ci gaba da rayuwar kabilansu.  (1998) ya ba da rahoton cewa akwai kuma mutanen Red Gelao a Cán Tí, Quản Bạ District da Túng Sán, Hoàng Su Phì District [1] wadanda ba sa magana da wani Gelao, kuma suna magana da Hmong, Tay, ko Vietnamese a maimakon haka.  Hoang (2013:12)  ya ba da rahoton cewa akwai kuma wasu Red Gelao a cikin garin Vĩnh Hảo, Gundumar Bắc Quang wanda ya ƙaura daga garin Túng Sán. Koyaya, White Gelao na kusa da ƙauyen Phố La da Sính Lutar ƙauyen Dồng Văn har yanzu suna magana da Harshen White Gelao.

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Thato Rantao Mwosa

**Thato Rantao Mwosa** marubuci ne kuma darektan Botswana-Amurka, mai zane-zane, marubucin wasan kwaikwayo, malami, kuma mai kirkiro wasanni. 

Fim ɗin Mwosa na farko *kar ku bar ni (Don't Leave Me)* an nuna shi a bikin Short Film Festival na New York. Fim ɗinta na biyu, *Kar ka gaya mani kana sona*, (Don't Tell Me You Love Me) wani salo ne na wata waka ta wani mai fasahar kalmar Swazi, Deslisile. Fim ɗin ya nuna tashin hankalin cikin gida tare da mutuwar aure.  Ya lashe kyautar 'Mafi kyawun Fina-Finan Fim' a Bikin Fim na Roxbury na 7 a shekarar 2005.  Fim ɗinta *The Day of My Wedding* shine zaɓi a hukumance na BETJ yanzu BET Best Shorts Program. Shirinta na TV *Ya M'Afrika*, wanda aka nuna a tashar tauraron Ɗan adam ta Gabon 3A Telesud, wani jerin wasan kwaikwayo ne na almara wanda ya biyo bayan rayuwar wasu mata huɗu na Afirka da ke zaune a matsayin abokan gida a Queens, New York.  Shirinta na 2011 *Ƙabilar Mata* ta bi mata masu aikin samar da zaman lafiya a Sudan.  Za a fitar da fim ɗin labari mai ba da labari na Mwosa *Memoirs of a Black Girl* a cikin shekarar 2021. Zaɓin hukuma ne na Bikin Fim na Mata na Toronto.

## Filmography
* *Don't Leave Me*, 2005. Short film.
* *Don't Tell Me You Love Me*, 2005. Short film
* *The Day of My Wedding*, 2007
* *Ya M'Afrika*, 2007. TV show.
* *An African in America*, 2008
* *Rapping for Life*, 2009
* *A Tribe of Women*, 2011. Documentary.
* *Memoirs of a Black Girl*, 2021. Feature Narrative Film

## Manazarta
Théophile Sowié

**Théophile Sowié** (ya mutu 7 ga Afrilun shekara ta 2021) ya kasance ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Burkinabe . 

## Tarihin rayuwa
Sowié ta halarci Cibiyar Nazarin Wasanni a Paris_3" id="mwDQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="University of Sorbonne Nouvelle Paris 3">Jami'ar Sorbonne Nouvelle Paris 3 da kuma École d'art dramatique Jacques Lecoq a Paris . A cikin fim din *Lumumba* wanda Raoul Peck ya jagoranta, ya buga Ministan Matasa da Wasanni na Jamhuriyar Kongo Maurice Mpolo . An san shi sosai a Faransa saboda rawar da ya taka a matsayin *Baƙi* aika gidan waya a Les Visiteurs .  Saboda haka ya sami damar bayyana a cikin ci gaba, mai taken The Visitors II: The Corridors of Time .

Théophile Sowié ya mutu a ranar 7 ga Afrilu 2021. An binne shi a ƙauyensa na Bérégadougou . 

## Hotunan fina-finai

### Hotuna masu ban sha'awa

* Blue Note [fr] (1991) 
* *Baƙi* (1993) 
* *Baƙi II: Hanyoyin Lokaci* (1998) 
* Louise (Take 2) (1998) 
* *Gudun Hijira na Vladimir* (1999) 
* *Lumumba* (2000) 
* L'Afrance [fr] (2001) 
* *Magonia* (2001) 
* *[[Moolaadé]]* (2004) 
* Asirin Yaron Tushen (2012) 
* *Yankin Botswanga* (2014) 
* Fastlife [fr] (2014) 

### Fim din talabijin

* Ƙananan (1993) 
* Ka yi ban kwana da . . kuma nan ba da daɗewa ba! [fr] (2015) 

### Talabijin

* *Navarro* (1990) 
* *Antoine Rives, Alkalin ta'addanci* (1993) 
* *Navarro* (1993) 
* SOS 18 [fr] (2010) 

## Kyaututtuka

* Kyautar Rediyo-Faransa 

## Manazarta
Ceddo

***Cedar*** ( suna [ˈtʃɛd.do]), wanda aka fi sani da The Outsiders,  fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Senegal na 1977 wanda Ousmane Sembène ya jagoranta.    shigar da shi cikin bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Moscow na 10.

## Labarin fim
Labarin ya faru ne a Senegal, wani lokaci bayan kafa kasancewar Turai a yankin amma kafin tilasta mulkin mallaka na Faransa kai tsaye. Ceddo (baƙi, ko waɗanda ba Musulmai ba) suna ƙoƙarin adana al'adun gargajiya daga Islama, Kiristanci, da cinikin bayi. Lokacin da Sarkin yankin Demba War ya kasance tare da Musulmai, Ceddo ya sace 'yarsa, Dior Yacine, don nuna rashin amincewa da tilasta musu zuwa Islama. Biyu daga cikin kabilar sun yi ƙoƙari kuma sun kasa sake kama yarima. Tsoron matsayinsu yana cikin barazana, Imam na yankin ya karfafa mabiyansa Musulmai su kashe sarki da fararen masu sayar da bayi na Kirista. Sun mayar da dukan ƙauyen zuwa addinin musulunci da karfi, kuma sun sami nasarar sake kama yarima. Lokacin da ta dawo ƙauyen, Dior Yacine ta tara ceddo a kan Musulmai, kuma ta kashe Imam wanda ya kwace mahaifinta.

## Tarihi
Lokacin da aka tambaye shi game da shekarar da fim din ke faruwa Ousmane ya ce "Ba zan iya ba da kwanan wata ba. Wadannan abubuwan sun faru ne a karni na 18 da 19 kuma har yanzu suna faruwa". Ana iya kallon labarin a matsayin taƙaitaccen tarihin Afirka ta Yamma, kuma ƙauyen a matsayin microcosm na nahiyar. Ga Sembène, Ceddo yana nuna juriya ga al'ada da hanyar rayuwa ta gargajiya ga mamayewar Islama, Kiristanci da mulkin mallaka. Darakta  yi jayayya: "Na yi imanin a yau cewa 'yan Afirka dole ne su wuce batun launi, dole ne su gane matsalolin da ke fuskantar duniya baki daya, kamar yadda mutane suke fuskanta kamar sauran mutane. Idan wasu sun raina mu, wannan ba shi da wata mahimmanci a gare mu. Afirka dole ne ta wuce samun komai daga ra'ayin Turai. Afirka dole ta yi la'akari da kanta, ta gane matsalolin ta kuma ta yi ƙoƙari ta warware su. "Ya ce kawai maza da ke magana, amma mutum ya manta da rawar, sha'awar mata. Ina tsammanin yarima ta zamani ba za ta Afirka ba za ta iya zama ba. " 

## Hanawa
Tare  wasu fina-finai na Sembène, an dakatar da *Cedar* a Senegal don gabatar da rikice-rikice tsakanin addinan Islama da na Kirista da kabilanci da al'adun gargajiya.  cewar wani asusun da aka ruwaito a cikin The New York Times a cikin 1978, haramcin ba "saboda kowane irin damuwa na addini ba ne, amma saboda Mista Sembene ya nace kan rubutun 'ceddo' tare da d biyu yayin da Gwamnatin Senegal ta nace a rubuta shi da ɗaya. " [1] Sembène ya kasance babban mai goyon bayan kokarin farko don haɓaka tsarin rubutun harshen Wolof, da kuma wallafe-wallafen Wolof na farko, kuma ya yi magana da raini game da Shugaba Léopold Sédar Senghor, ko rashin ilimin Wolof. Senghor Serer , kuma a cikin yarensa, ba kamar Wolof da sauran harsuna da ake magana a Senegal ba, ba a ninka ma'anar sau biyu ba.

Sembène  kuma sanya haramcin kansa, ƙin yin bugawa da yawa na fim ɗin ga wakilan Shah, don amfani a Iran a matsayin makami na farfaganda game da roko na Ayatollah Khomeini.

## Manazarta
Harsunan Tswa-Ronga

**Harsunan Tswa-Ronga** (ko kawai **Tsonga**) rukuni ne na Harsunan Kudancin Bantu da ke da alaƙa da juna da ake magana da shi a Kudancin Afirka musamman a kudancin Mozambique, arewa maso gabashin ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu da kuma kudu maso gabashin Zimbabwe.  

## Harsuna
An raba ƙungiyar zuwa manyan harsuna uku:
 
Ana amfani da "Tsonga" don nufin duk harsuna uku, ko da yake ana amfani da su sau da yawa tare da kuma Changana, mafi girma daga cikin ukun. Duk an gane su azaman harsuna, ko da yake kuma ana iya fahimtar su.  Ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi nau'o'in wasu ƙananan harsuna da yarukan da ba a rubuta su ba kuma suna wanzu a cikin tsari marar rubutu.

## Tsarin rubutu
Tsarin rubutun *sintu*, *Ditema tsa Dinoko* (wanda kuma aka sani a Zulu a matsayin *Isibheqe Sohlamvu* ), don harsunan Bantu ta Kudu, to amman ana amfani da shi don wakiltar duk yarukan Tswa-Ronga akai-akai a ƙarƙashin rubutun ɗaya.  Wannan ya haɗa da waɗannan ƙananan harsuna waɗanda ba a taɓa dai-daita su ba a cikin haruffan Latin, kamar nau'in "East Sotho" (Pulana, Khutswe da Pai). Misali, yana ƙunshe da takamaiman grapheme da ke nuna retroflex ko “cerebral consonants, kamar retroflex ejective africate dake faruwa anan Pai:

## Bayanan kula
Jacky Ido

**Jacky Ido** (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga watan Mayu 1977) ɗan wasan Faransa ne kuma haifaffen Burkinabe. Matsayinsa na farko shine Lemalian a cikin fim ɗin Jamusanci na 2005, *The White Masai*. An san shi sosai ga masu sauraron harshen Ingilishi saboda rawar da ya taka a matsayin Marcel, mai hasashe na fim a cikin fim ɗin Quentin Tarantino na 2009, *Inglourious Basterds*.   Ɗan uwan Ido Cédric Ido, wanda shi ma jarumi ne, ya ba shi umarni a cikin  *[[Hasaki Ya Suda]]*   Ido yana aiki kuma yana zaune a Paris, Faransa kuma, tun daga shekarar 2010, yana aiki akan kundi na waƙar slam. 

A cikin shekarar 2014, Ido ya zama tauraro a matsayin Leo Romba a cikin  jerin talabijin na Faransa-Amurka *Taxi Brooklyn*. A cikin shekarar 2015, an jefa shi a gaban Mireille Enos a cikin ABC mai ban sha'awa na doka, *The Catch* wanda Shonda Rhimes ya samar.  

## Filmography

### Fim

### Talabijin

## Manazarta
Yaren Jingulu

**Jingulu**, wanda kuma ake kira **Djingili**, yare ne na Australiya wanda Mutanen Jingili ke magana a Yankin Arewa Australiya, a tarihi a kusa da garin Elliot. Harshen reshe ne mai zaman kansa na yarukan Mirndi . 

Jingulu suna da (ko suna da) ingantaccen nau'in sa hannu na yarensu.

## Tarihi da wuri
Sauran harsunan da ake magana a cikin iyalin West Barkly sun hada da Wambaya, Gudanji, Binbinka, da Ngarnka . Lokacin da mutanen Mudburra suka isa yankin da Jingili ke zaune, ƙungiyar haɗin al'adu ta tashi mai suna Kuwarrangu, yayin da al'adun Jingilu da Mudburra har yanzu sun kasance daban.  da kusanci na ƙasa, Jingili da sauran kabilun suna da harsuna masu alaƙa da ƙamus na yau da kullun.

## Masu magana da matsayi
Jingulu yana [4] rarrabawar Ethnologue na moribund, ma'ana cewa harshe ne mai haɗari, tare da kawai tsakanin masu magana 10 zuwa 15 a cikin 1997,  mafi ƙanƙanta yana cikin shekaru hamsin. Ƙarin mutane 20 suna da wasu umarni game da shi. , ba a yi amfani da shi a cikin sadarwa ta yau da kullun ba wanda a maimakon haka aka gudanar da shi a Turanci ko Kriol.  cikin 2019 kusan mutane biyar har yanzu suna magana da yaren, gami da Stuart Joel Nuggett, wanda ya rubuta kiɗa a Jingulu. Sauran masu magana tsofaffi .

## Harshen kurame

## Fasahar sauti
Jingulu yana da halaye uku na asali, wanda aka bayar a cikin IPA a cikin tebur mai zuwa. Akwai manyan wasula guda biyu, /i/ da /u/, da kuma ƙananan wasula guda ɗaya /a/. /i/, /a/ da /u/ suna gaba, tsakiya, da baya, bi da bi. /u/ yana zagaye yayin da /a/ da /i/ ba a zagaye su ba.

## Manazarta
Yaren Luang

**Luang**, wanda aka fi sani da Literi Lagona (Letri Lgona), yare ne na Austronesian da ake magana a Tsibirin Leti da Tsibirin Babar a Maluku, Indonesia . Yana  alaƙa da Harshen Leti makwabta, tare da kashi 89% na ƙamus na asali

## Fasahar sauti

### Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

* Palatalization da labialization  tsakanin sautuna na iya faruwa lokacin da sautunan sautin  suka gabata.
*  ana iya jin sa a matsayin  a cikin bambancin kyauta.

*  ana iya jin sa a matsayin  lokacin da ya riga .

*  ana iya jin sa a matsayin  lokacin da yake gaba da ma'anar. Ana iya jin sa a matsayin  lokacin da yake tsakanin manyan wasula guda biyu, kuma ana iya jin sa'a kyauta a matsayin  lokacin da ke tsakanin wasula mara girma da kuma wasula mai girma.

*  ana iya jin sa a matsayin  a cikin magana mai sauri.
*  lokacin da aka palatalized a matsayin , ana iya jin sautuna masu sauƙi  lokacin da suke cikin magana da sauri.

### Sautin sautin

* Ana iya jin schwa  na epenthetical tsakanin sassan homorganic.

*  ana iya jin sa a matsayin [ɛ] kalma-tsakiya a cikin sassan da aka rufe, kuma a cikin sashan da aka jaddada da kuma sashan da suka riga aka matsa.

*  ana iya jin sa a matsayin  kalma-a ƙarshe kuma a cikin jimloli da aka jaddada da kuma bayan da aka jarabce.

## Bayanan da aka ambata

## Haɗin waje
Harshen Xegwi

**ǁXegwi** (lafazi / / ˈzɛɡ wiː / ZEH ZEH gwee ), kuma aka sani da *Batwa,* wani ɓataccen harshe ǃKwi da ake magana a tafkin Chrissie a Afirka ta Kudu, kusa da iyakar Swazi . An kashe mai magana na ƙarshe, Jopi Mabinda, a cikin 1988.  Koyaya, wani ɗan jarida na jaridar Mail &amp;amp; Guardian ta Afirka ta Kudu ya ba da rahoton cewa ǁXegwi na iya har yanzu ana magana a gundumar Chrissiesmeer . 

.An rubuta sunan ǁXegwi don harshen su giǁkwi꞉gwi ko kiǁkwi꞉gwi. An rubuta sunan su da kansu tlou tle ko kxlou-kxle, mai yiwuwa [k͡ʟ̝̊ouk͡ʟ̝̊e] . Nguni (Zulu da Swazi) sun kira su (a) batwa, amaNkqeshe, amaNgqwigqwi ; Sotho ya kira su Baroa/Barwa

## Fassarar sauti
ǁXegwi ya rasa ƙwaƙƙwaran dannawa ba zato ba tsammani (dabi'u iri-iri na ǂ da ǃ ) da aka samu a cikin danginsa. An sake samo  daga harsunan Nguni Bantu, amma dannawa ya kasance ba kasafai ba, idan aka kwatanta da sauran harsunan Tuu. Har ila yau, tana da jerin gwanon da ba a samu a wasu yarukan Tuu ba. 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* ƁXegwi na asali ƙamus a cikin Global Lexicostatistical Database