Ƙwashe sharar gida a New Zealand

Gudanar da **[[Shara|sharar gida]]** a **[[Sabuwar Zelandiya|New Zealand]],** ya zama mafi tsari dan rage abubuwan dake tattare da muhalli. Dangane da bayanan OECD, *[[New Zealand]]* ita ce ƙasa ta uku mafi ɓarna a cikin OECD. 

## Tarihi

Har zuwa kwanan nan, an kwashe sharar gida a cikin jujjuyawar gida ba tare da sanin inda aka ajiye su ba. Sau da yawa juji suna kusa da hanyoyin ruwa. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan an ƙarfafa wuraren da ake zubar da juji Kuma yanzu an gina su a matsayin wuraren tsabtace muhalli don hana zubar da abin cikin cikin ruwa. Tashoshin canja wuri, musamman a cikin birane, suna aiki ne a matsayin wurin da ake tarawa a cikin gida inda ake tattara sharar kafin a kai su zuwa wurin zubar da ƙasa mafi kkusa.

A cikin shekarata 2007 Binciken Ayyukan Muhalli na OECD don sharar gida ya ba da shawarwari masu zuwa: 

* haɓaka ƙa'idodin ƙasa don sarrafa datti masu haɗari
* fadadawa da haɓaka wuraren sharar gida da zubar da shara
* ƙara goyon bayan tsari don farfadowa ko sake amfani da su
* fayyace tsare-tsare na alhaki don gyara wuraren da suka gurbata

## Mass
Ana samar da kimanin tan miliyan 1.6 a kowace shekara daga masana'antar gine-gine da rugujewa wanda ke wakiltar kashi 50% na jimillar sharar gida. 

### Christchurch

Adadin sharar gida daga tarin kerbside ya kusan tan 40,000 amma an ragu bayan bullo da sake amfani da kerbside da raguwar adadin jakunkunan shara kyauta. A cikin shekarata 2009 Majalisar ta gabatar da kwalabe na wheelie mai lita 140 don tarin kerbside bayan haka adadin sharar ya fara tashi. 

## Nau'ukan

### Robobin noma
Noma yana daya daga cikin manyan sassan tattalin arziki a ƙasar New Zealand kuma saboda haka ana samar da adadi mai yawa na sharar gida dangane da sauran masana'antu. To Amman Ana gudanar da tattara kwantena masu dauke da sinadarai na noma a wasu yankuna. An haramta kona sharar robobi a shekarun baya bayan nan saboda fitar da gurbatacciyar iska.

; Sharar gida

### Sharar gida
Sharar ta hanyar lantarki wani yanki ne na karuwa a cikin sharar kuma Ma'aikatar Muhalli tana binciken hanyoyin magance shi. EDay na shekara-shekara, wanda ya fara daga gwaji a shekarata 2006, ana amfani da shi azaman hanyar tattara sharar lantarki don sake amfani ko sake amfani da su.

### Sharar abinci
Ba a san jimillar adadin abincin da aka zubar a New Zealand ba. An gudanar da bincike a cikin shekarar 2014, game da sharar abinci, wanda gidaje ke samarwa, wanda aka zubar da shi ta hanyar tara shara. Binciken ya gano cewa tan 229,022 na abinci ana aika gida ne a duk shekara. Daga cikin wannan kusan kashi 50% ko tan 122,547 sharar abinci ce da za a iya kaucewa. Kudin sharar abinci na gida da za'a iya kaucewa zubar da shi a cikin shekarun 2014/2105 ya kai dala miliyan 872. Cikakken rahoto da ake samu akan gidan yanar gizon WasteMINZ yana ba da ƙarin bayani game da sharar abinci na gida. Babu wani bincike da aka gudanar ya zuwa yau game da sharar abinci na kasuwanci ko sarkar samar da kayayyaki. 

## Rage sharar gida

A shekara ta 1996, biranen New Zealand na Auckland, Waitakere, North Shore da Lower Hutt sun sami akwatunan sake amfani da kerbside . A cikin New Plymouth, Wanganui da Upper Hutt an tattara kayan da za a sake yin amfani da su idan an sanya su cikin jakunkuna masu dacewa.  A shekara ta 2007, 73% na New Zealanders sun sami damar sake amfani da kerbside. 

Majalisar gundumar Mackenzie  da Majalisar gundumar Timaru ne ke gudanar da tarin sharar kwayoyin Kerbside. Majalisar birnin Christchurch ta bullo da tsarin tattara shara a matsayin wani bangare na sake amfani da kerbside. Wasu majalisu suna gudanar da gwaji. 

### Sharar gida don ƙonewa makamashi
Kwanan nan, an sami karuwar sha'awar sharar-zuwa-makamashi, inda sharar ke zama makamashi don amfani da al'umma.   Duk da haka, bincike ya gano cewa wannan hanya za ta iya haifar da ƙarin al'amurran da suka shafi muhalli, tare da kimanin  ton 1.2 na CO 2 da aka samar ga kowane tonne na sharar gida.  Mai binciken gurbataccen robobi Trisia Farrelly ya ba da shawarar cewa wannan wata dabara ce mai ɓatacciya wacce "take lalata albarkatu masu kima da kuma ci gaba da yin sharar gida". 

## Dokokin sharar gida
New Zealand ta kasance mai rattaba hannu kan *Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa don Kariya da Gurbacewar Ruwa Daga Jiragen Ruwa, a shekarata 1973 kamar yadda Yarjejeniyar  a shekarar 1978 ta gyara*, wanda akafi sani da MARPOL .

Jam'iyyar Green Party ta gabatar da Dokar Rana Sharar Sharar gida a cikin shekarata 2006. Ya zama doka a cikin shekarar 2008 azaman Dokar Rage Sharar gida . Manyan tanade-tanaden dokar sun hada da: haraji kan sharar shara, inganta tsare-tsare na kula da kayayyaki, wasu bayanan sharar da suka wajaba, da fayyace rawar da hukumomin yankin ke takawa dangane da rage sharar, da kafa hukumar ba da shawara ga sharar gida. 

## Sharar gida (sharar gida)
Adadin wuraren zubar da shara a New Zealand yana raguwa. A cikin shekarata 1995 akwai 327 da 115 a cikin shekarar 2002 tare da ƙididdiga na baya-bayan nan da ke sanya adadin a ƙasa da 100.  Fitattun wuraren zubar da shara suna nan a:

* Redvale, Albany
* Whitford, Auckland
* Hampton Downs, Yankin Waikato - an buɗe 2005, 
* Kate Valley, Canterbury
* Green Island, Dunedin

## Duba wasu abubuwan

* Muhalli na New Zealand
* Litter a New Zealand
* Gudanar da sharar gida

## Manazarta

## Ci gaba da karatu

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## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Shafi na sharar gida  a ma'aikatar muhalli
* WasteMINZ - Cibiyar Kula da Sharar New Zealand