Sambizanga (fim)

***Sambizanga*** fim ne na 1972 wanda Sarah Maldoror ya ba da umarni kuma Maldoror, Mário Pinto de Andrade, da Maurice Pons suka rubuta, bisa ga littafin 1961 *The Real Life of Domingos Xavier* na José Luandino Vieira . An kafa shi a cikin 1961 a lokacin farkon yakin 'yancin kai na Angolan, ya biyo bayan gwagwarmayar 'yan gwagwarmayar Angolan da ke da hannu tare da Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), ƙungiya mai adawa da mulkin mallaka. Maldoror ta rubuta wasan kwaikwayo tare da mijinta, wanda shine jagora a cikin MPLA. *Sambizanga* shi ne fim ɗin farko da wata ƙasa ta Afirka ta Lusophone ta shirya. 

## Makirci
An shirya fim ɗin ne a unguwar mai suna Sambizanga, wata unguwar masu aiki a Luanda inda wani gidan yari na Portugal yake inda aka azabtar da mahara da yawa na Angola. A ranar 4 ga Fabrairun 1961, sojojin MPLA suka kai wa gidan yarin hari. 

Jami'an mulkin mallaka na Portugal sun kama Domingos Xavier, ɗan juyin-juya hali. An kai shi gidan yari da ke Sambizanga, inda ake yi masa barazanar azabtarwa da kuma kisa idan har bai bai wa jami’an sunayen ‘yan uwansa ‘yan adawa ba. A lokacin da yake tsare, matar Domingos Maria ta tafi gidan yari, tana ƙoƙarin gano abin da ya faru da mijinta, ba tare da sanin girman sa hannu a gwagwarmayar ‘yan mulkin mallaka ba. Ba tare da saninta ba, an kashe Domingos a kurkuku.  

## Yin wasan kwaikwayo

* Domingos de Oliveira a matsayin Domingos Xavier
* Elisa Andrade a matsayin Maria
* Jean M'Vondo a matsayin Petelo
* Dino Abelino a matsayin Zito
* Benoît Moutsila a matsayin Chico
* Talagongo as Miguel
* Lopes Rodrigues a matsayin Mussunda
* Henriette Meya a matsayin Bebiana
* Manuel Videira a matsayin wakilin PIDE
* Ana Wilson a matsayin mai ba da labari

## Production
*Sambizanga* ya samo asali ne daga wani littafin novel na 1961 na José Luandino Vieira, wani farar fata dan kasar Angola marubuci wanda aka haifa a Portugal wanda ya yi zaman gidan yari na shekaru 11 saboda aikinsa na gwagwarmayar yaki da mulkin mallaka a Angola. 

An harbe *Sambizanga* a wani wuri a Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Kongo cikin makonni bakwai. 

Da yawa daga cikin ’yan fim din ba kwararu ba ne da suka yi ruwa da tsaki a yunkurin mulkin mallaka na Afirka irin su MPLA da Jam’iyyar African Party for Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC).  Domingos de Oliveira, wanda ya buga Domingos Xavier, ɗan gudun hijira ne ɗan Angola da ke zaune a Kongo; yayin da Maria ta taka leda ta Elisa Andrade, masanin tattalin arziki daga Cape Verde .

## Saki da liyafar
An saki *Sambizanga* a Portugal a ranar 19 ga Oktoba 1974 bayan juyin juya halin Carnation sannan kuma an sake shi a Angola a wannan shekara bayan samun 'yancin kai. 

Da yake rubutu a cikin *muryar ƙauyen*, Michael Kerbel ya kwatanta *Sambizanga* da fim ɗin 1925 mai shirya fim na Soviet Sergei Eisenstein *Battleship Potemkin* dangane da mahimmancin siyasa.  Rubuta a cikin 2012 don *[[The Guardian]]*, Mark Cousins ya kira fim din a matsayin daya daga cikin fina-finai goma mafi kyau na Afirka, yana kwatanta shi "a matsayin m, da haske kamar yadda Caravaggio zane-zane". 

Nwachukwu Frank Ukadike ya yaba wa *Sambizanga* kan jigoginsa na mata, inda ya rubuta cewa "yana ba wa mace kulawa ta musamman, kamar yadda ya shafi gwagwarmayar juyin juya hali... fannin mata na fim ya bayyana ... saboda yana da nufin ba da tabbaci ga shigar mata. ". 

Maldoror ya lashe Tanit d'Or a 1972 Carthage Film Festival . *Sambizanga* kuma an nuna shi a bikin 1973 na Berlin International Film Festival . 

A cikin 2021, *Sambizanga* ya sake dawo da shi ta hanyar Aikin Gadon Fina-Finai na Afirka, wani yunƙuri ne da Cibiyar Fina-Finai ta Duniya ta Ƙirƙiri, Ƙungiyar Masu Fina-Finai ta Pan-African, da UNESCO, tare da albarkar dangin Maldoror. 

## Magana

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* 
* Podcast about Sambizanga on SOAS Radio
* Interview with Sarah Maldoror (1997) 
* Review of Sambizanga on World Cinema Directory
* ''Sambizanga and Sarah Maldoror'', article by Michael Dembrow