Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafi ta Afirka

**Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka ta Afirka** ( **Africa CDC** ) ita ce hukumar kula da lafiyar jama'a ta kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka don tallafawa shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiyar jama'a na kasashe mambobi da kuma karfafa karfin cibiyoyin kiwon lafiyar su don magance barazanar cututtuka. Gwamnatin Habasha ce ta gabatar da ra'ayin CDC a cikin 2013, yayin wani taro na musamman na tarin fuka/HIV a Abuja, Nigeria. Daga 2013 zuwa 2016, an samar da tsari da ka'idojin Afirka CDC, kuma an ƙaddamar da hukumar ta musamman a hukumance a cikin Janairu 2017. 

Hukumar tana da hedikwata a Addis Ababa, Habasha .

## Tarihi
An kafa Cibiyar CDC ta Afirka a shekarar 2016 ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 26 ta shugabannin kasashe da gwamnatoci don inganta daidaito tsakanin cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya a tsakanin kasashe mambobin kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka don magance barazanar cututtuka.  Kasashe mambobin kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka sun fara tunanin kafa hukumar kula da lafiyar al’umma ta nahiyar a shekarar 2013 a wani taron koli na musamman na kungiyar AU kan cutar HIV, tarin fuka da zazzabin cizon sauro a Abuja Najeriya (Yuli 2013). Gwamnatin Habasha a lokacin shugabar kungiyar ta AU ce ta gabatar da wannan shawara. Annobar cutar Ebola a yammacin Afirka a cikin 2014 ta hanzarta kafa Cibiyar CDC ta Afirka, sannan kuma ta tsara fahimtar menene babban manufarta ta kasance tare da karfafa mahimmancin rigakafin gaggawa da mayar da martani ga lafiya. A watan Yulin 2015, taron ministocin kiwon lafiya na kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka a Malabo, ya amince da dokar hana yaduwar cututtuka ta Afirka, wadda ta yi kira da a gaggauta kafa cibiyar.  An kaddamar da hukumar a hukumance a watan Janairun 2017.   

### 2019-21 COVID-19 annoba
Cibiyar CDC ta Afirka ta taka rawa wajen mayar da martani ga annobar COVID-19 ta duniya ta 2019-20, wacce ta shafi Afirka . A farkon Afrilu 2020, Darakta Dr John Nkengasong ya yi Allah wadai da kalaman wasu masana kimiyya na Faransa guda biyu Farfesa Jean-Paul Mira da Camille Locht da ke ba da shawarar cewa yuwuwar rigakafin cutar tarin fuka don coronavirus a gwada a Afirka a matsayin "abin ƙyama da wariyar launin fata". Tun daga nan Dr Mira ya ba da hakuri kan kalaman nasa.   

A ranar 2 ga Mayu, 2020, Cibiyar CDC ta Afirka ta tabbatar da kusan mutane 40,000, kusan mutuwar 1,700, kuma sama da 13,000 sun warke, kuma COVID-19 ya faru a cikin kasashen Afirka 53.  Ya zuwa 18 ga Yuni, 2020, Afirka CDC ta ba da rahoton cewa 52 Membobin Tarayyar Afirka sun sami adadin adadin 267,519, mutuwar 7197, kuma 122,661 sun warke.  An dauki Masar, Aljeriya, da Afirka ta Kudu a matsayin kasashen da suka fi fuskantar barazanar shigo da kwayar cutar kuma suna da matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaicin iya dakile barkewar cutar. 

Cibiyar CDC ta Afirka ta kuma yi aiki tare da gidauniyar Jack Ma don rarraba kayan gwajin COVID-19 a duk faɗin nahiyar. A ranar 7 ga Mayu, Dr Nkengasong ya yi jayayya da sukar shugaban Tanzaniya John Magufuli na cewa waɗannan gwaje-gwajen sun yi kuskure kuma suna ba da tabbataccen ƙarya da yawa.

A ranar 6 ga Janairu, 2021, Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka ta Afirka ta ce adadin wadanda suka kamu da cutar a Afirka ya kai 2,854,971 yayin da adadin wadanda suka mutu ya kai 67,986 sannan 2,361,900 sun warke.  A ranar 21 ga Mayu, 2021, kasashe 55 na Tarayyar Afirka sun ba da sanarwar bullar cutar 4,732,150, 127,612 sun mutu, 4,238,275 sun warke. 

A ranar 13 ga Afrilu, 2021, an ƙaddamar da haɗin gwiwa don masana'antar rigakafin rigakafi ta Afirka, da nufin haɓaka samar da allurar rigakafi a Afirka. An gano Rwanda, Senegal, da Afirka ta Kudu a matsayin ƙasashen da za a iya samar da rigakafin mRNA. Afirka CDC na da niyyar samar da kashi 60% na allurar rigakafin da ake amfani da su a Afirka a shekarar 2040, sabanin kasa da kashi 1% a shekarar 2021.

An amince da Asusun Cutar Cutar Afurka a cikin taron Fabrairu 2022. Ana sa ran cewa tsarin mulkin sa zai kasance a cikin watan Yuli na 2023. Na dabam, CDC na Afirka na neman matsayin "mai aiwatarwa" a cikin Asusun Cutar Cutar ta Bankin Duniya . 

### Mpox
A cikin watan Agustan 2024, Afirka CDC ta ayyana fashewar mpox na 2024 a matsayin Gaggawa na Lafiyar Jama'a na Tsaron Nahiyar, yayin da ya bazu zuwa wasu kasashen Afirka daga Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo . 

## Tsarin tsari

Cibiyar CDC ta Afirka ta kasance ne a Cibiyar Gudanarwa ta Afirka CDC a Addis Ababa, Habasha, wadda kuma ta ƙunshi Cibiyar Ayyukan Gaggawa na Hukumar.   Hukumar ta samu jagorancin Darakta Dr John Nkengasong da mataimakin darakta Ahmed Ogwell Ouma . Bayan Ofishin Gudanarwa da Ofishin Kimiyya da Shirye-shiryen, hukumar tana kuma da bangarori da yawa da suka shafi "manufa, diflomasiyya na kiwon lafiya, da sadarwa," "Gudanarwa da gudanarwa," "sa ido da kula da cututtuka," "tsarin gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin sadarwa," "shiryawa da amsa gaggawa," da "cibiyoyin kiwon lafiyar jama'a da bincike." 

Tun daga watan Fabrairun 2023, Babban Darakta da Majalisar AU ta nada shi ne Dr Jean Kaseya daga Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo. 

Cibiyar CDC ta Afirka kuma tana da cibiyoyin haɗin gwiwar yanki a Masar, Najeriya, Gabon, Zambia da Kenya; wanda ya shafi Arewacin Afirka, Yammacin Afirka, Afirka ta Tsakiya, Kudancin Afirka, da Gabashin Afirka bi da bi.    Cibiyar CDC ta Afirka kuma tana gudanar da wata cibiya ta musamman ta Pathogen Genomics Intelligence Institute da Cibiyar Bunkasa Ma'aikata. 

## Gine-gine
A shekarar 2018, a gun taron kolin dandalin tattaunawar hadin gwiwa tsakanin Sin da Afirka na birnin Beijing, kasar Sin ta sanar da gina hedkwatar CDC a matsayin wani muhimmin aikin hadin gwiwa da kasashen Afirka, bayan nasarar da cibiyar taron AU da hadadden ofishinta suka samu.  Ya zuwa Disamba 2020, an riga an fara ƙaddamar da ƙasa kafin jadawalin, kuma a cikin Nuwamba 2021, babban tsarin ya ƙare. A cikin Janairu 2023, an kammala kashi na farko na ginin.   Wannan mataki, wanda ya kai murabba'in murabba'in kusan murabba'in mita 23,600, ya kasance karkashin jagorancin kamfanin kasar Sin Civil Engineering Group Corporation, wanda ya hada da gine-ginen ofisoshi biyu, da gine-ginen dakin gwaje-gwaje guda biyu, da wuraren ofisoshin gidaje, cibiyar ba da agajin gaggawa, cibiyar ba da bayanai, dakunan gwaje-gwajen halittu, da kuma gidaje na kwararru.  A ranar 11 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2023, ministan harkokin wajen kasar Sin Qin Gang ya halarci bikin kammala aikin, inda ya sanar da cewa, za a mayar da hedkwatar CDC ga kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka, wadda za ta dauki nauyin gudanar da ayyukanta da gudanar da ayyukanta.  

## Manazarta