Orlando Martins

**Orlando Martins** Listen  (8 ga watan Disambar shekarar 1899 - 25 ga watan Satumbar shekarar 1985) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Yarbawa na kasar Najeriya na farko. A ƙarshen shekarar 1940s, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun ƴan wasan baƙar fata na Biritaniya,  kuma a cikin zaɓen da aka gudanar a shekarar 1947, an jera shi cikin manyan ƴan wasan kwaikwayo 15 na yankin Biritaniya. 

## Rayuwa
An haife shi a matsayin Emmanuel Alhandu Martins a Okesuna Street,garin Lagos, kasar Nigeria, ga mahaifin ma'aikacin gwamnati mai tushe a Brazil kuma mahaifiya sa yar kasar Najeriya. Martins yana da alaƙa da dangin Benjamin Epega. A shekarar 1913, an shigar da shi makarantar sakandare ta Eko Boys amma ya bar makarantar. 

A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai tuƙi a kan RMS  don rama zaluncin Jamus ga danginsa. Bayan kammala yakin, ya koma Landan; a lokacin da ya isa a shekarar 1919, ba shi da hanyar samun kudin shiga kuma dole ne ya nemi hanyoyin samun kuɗi. Kusan lokaci guda, gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Lyceum yana neman "supers" akan farashin shilling uku kowace rana. Martins ya shiga gidan wasan kwaikwayo kuma daga nan ya ɗauki ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo daban-daban don tsira. A cikin shekarar 1923, Sanger 's Circus ya so ya sami wanda zai nuna python, Martins ya ɗauki bangare, ya fara aikinsa a cikin circus. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin kokawa (wanda aka sani da "Black Butcher Johnson"). 

## Sana'a
A cikin shekarar 1920, Martins ya kasance ƙarin aiki tare da kamfanin ballet na Diaghilev, kuma yana kan yawon shakatawa tare da kamfanin Burtaniya na *Show Boat* a matsayin ƙwararren mawaƙi. Ya kasance ƙari a cikin fina-finai na shiru, wanda ya fara fitowa a cikin *If Youth But Know* (1926).  A cikin shekarar 1930s ya shiga wasan kwaikwayo a matakin London, yana wasa Boukman a cikin *Toussaint Louverture: Labarin Tawayen Bawa Kawai Nasara a Tarihi*, wasan kwaikwayo na 1936 na CLR James wanda ya nuna ɗan wasan Ba'amurke ɗan Afirka Paul Robeson,  tare da Martins. ya fito a cikin fim din *Sanders na Kogin* a shekarar 1935. 

Bayan yakin, Martins yana da rawar fim a cikin *Mutum daga Maroko* shekarar (1945) da kuma a cikin *Maza na Duniya biyu* (1946), tare da Robert Adams, ya zama ɗan wasan kwaikwayo wanda Peter Noble ya bayyana a cikin shekarar 1948 a matsayin "tsayi mai tsayi. babban mutum mai zurfin muryar bass, abokantaka, karimci kuma mai yawan ban dariya."  Noble ya ci gaba da cewa game da Martins: "Yana da sha'awar kafuwar gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Negro a London. Kamar yadda ya nuna: 'Idan wannan ya kasance yana nufin ba wai kawai cewa basirar Negro a cikin kowane gidan wasan kwaikwayo za a iya nunawa ga duniya ba, amma ci gaba da yin aiki ga wannan basirar da ke faruwa a yanzu. 

Ya fito a cikin fim din shekarar 1949 mai suna *The Hasty Heart* (wanda ya hada da Ronald Reagan da Patricia Neal ), yana wasa da jarumin Afrika Blossom, wanda kuma rawar da Martins ya taka a cikin shirin.  A cikin 1950s ya yi wasu bayyanuwa a kan matakin London, ciki har da daidaitawa na *Cry, Ƙasar Ƙaunataccen* ( Trafalgar Square Theater, 1954), da *Memba na Bikin aure* ( Royal Court Theater, shekarar 1957), kafin ya koma Legas a shekarar 1959.  Daga baya ya taka rawar gani a fina-finai kamar *Killers of Kilimanjaro* (1960), *Call Me Bwana* (1963), *Mister Moses* (1965), da *Kongi's Harvest* (1970, Wole Soyinka 's adaptation of his play of the same name ).

## Mutuwa da gado
Martins ya rasu a shekarar 1985 yana da shekaru 85 a Legas, inda aka binne shi a makabartar Ikoyi . 

Shi ne batun wani littafi na shekarar 1983 ta Takiu Folami, mai suna Orlando Martins, da Legend: wani m biography na duniya na farko acclaimed African fim actor . 

Marubucin wasan kwaikwayo na zaune a Bristol Ros Martin yana bincike da haɓaka abubuwa dangane da Martins, kawunta. 

## Finafinai

## Nassoshi

## Kara karantawa

* Takiu Folami, *Orlando Martins, The Legend: wani m biography na farko duniya acclaimed dan wasan fim na Afirka*, Lagos, Nigeria: Executive Publishers, 1983,  .

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje