Zheng Yi Sao

**Zheng Yi Sao** (1775-1844; an haife ta **Shi Yang**, a.k.a **Shi Xianggu**), wanda aka fi sani da **Ching Shih**, ita ce shugabar ƴan fashin teku ta ƙasar Sin da ke aiki a tekun kudancin ƙasar Sin daga 1801 zuwa shekarar 1810.

An haife ta a matsayin Shi Yang a shekara ta 1775 don tawali'u, ta auri wani ɗan fashi mai suna Zheng Yi yana da shekaru 26 a 1801. Mutanen Guangdong sun sanya mata suna Zheng Yi Sao ("matar Zheng Yi"). Bayan mutuwar mijinta a shekara ta 1807, ta karɓi ragamar ragamar ƙungiyar 'yan fashin teku tare da goyon bayan ɗansa mai reno Zhang Bao, wanda ta kulla dangantaka da shi, sannan ta yi aure. A matsayinsa na kwamandan kungiyar 'yan fashin teku ta Guangdong, rundunarta ta kunshi barace-barace 400 da ƴan fashi tsakanin 40,000 zuwa 60,000 a shekarar 1805. Jiragen ruwanta sun shiga rikici da manyan kasashe da dama, kamar Kamfanin Gabashin Indiya, Daular Fotigal, da Qing China.

A shekara ta 1810, Zheng Yi Sao ta yi shawarwari kan mika wuya ga hukumomin Qing wanda ya ba ta da Zhang Bao damar riƙe wani jirgin ruwa mai yawa da kuma guje wa tuhuma. A lokacin da ta mika wuya, ita da kanta ta umurci jiragen ruwa 24 da ƴan fashi sama da 1,400. Ta rasu a shekara ta 1844 tana da kimanin shekaru 68, bayan da ta yi rayuwa mai cike da lumana da wadata tun bayan kammala aikinta na fashin teku. An bayyana Zheng Yi Sao a matsayin 'yar fashin teku mata mafi nasara a tarihi, kuma ɗaya daga cikin 'yan fashin teku mafi nasara a tarihi.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Zheng Yi Sao a shekara ta 1775 a kewayen Xinhui na Guangdong. Ta yiwu Tanka ce, wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin ƙaruwa ko mai siya a gidan karuwai na Tanka (花船) a Guangdong

## Aure da Zheng Yi
A shekara ta 1801, Shi Yang ya kuma auri Zheng Yi, sanannen ɗan fashin teku.

Zheng Yi ɗan fashin teku ne wanda ya yi yaƙi a matsayin mai zaman kansa ga daular Tây Sơn ta Vietnam a yakin Tây Sơn da Qing China daga baya Nguyễn Ánh. Ƙarƙashin kulawar Tây Sơn, ya yi yaƙi a cikin rundunar ɗan uwansa Zheng Qi. Zheng Yi ya fito ne daga dangin fitattun 'yan fashin teku wadanda tushensu ya samo asali tun daga daular Ming. Yana da dansa mai suna Zhang Bao, wanda Zheng Yi ya yi garkuwa da shi a shekarar 1798 yana ɗan shekara 15, kuma daga baya ya shiga cikin fashin teku.

Shekara guda bayan aurensu a watan Fabrairun 1802, sojojin Nguyễn sun kama dan uwan ​​Zheng Yi Zheng Qi tare da kashe shi a garin Jiangping (江平) da ke kan iyakar Vietnam da China, kusa da yankin Dongxing (东兴) a yanzu. A ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1802, Nguyễn Ánh ya shiga birnin Thăng Long, ya kawo ƙarshen daular Tây Sơn. Bayan mutuwarsa, Zheng Yi ya karbe jirgin ruwan Zheng Qi, kuma ya koma bakin tekun kasar Sin tare da sauran 'yan fashin teku na kasar Sin wadanda a da ke karkashin ikon Tây Sơn. Wani lokaci da ake gwabzawa tsakanin 'yan fashi a kusa da gabar tekun Guangdong ya biyo baya; amma tare da taimakon Zheng Yi Sao, wanda ya kasance mai iya ƙarfafawa da tsarawa, Zheng Yi ya sami damar hada 'yan fashin teku zuwa gamayyar kasa ta hanyar rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniya a watan Yulin shekara ta 1805 inda kowane shugaban 'yan fashin teku ya amince ya sadaukar da wasu 'yancin cin gashin kansa don samun ci gaba. Ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi jiragen ruwa guda shida waɗanda aka sani da launin tutocinsu - ja, baƙar fata, shuɗi, fari, rawaya, da shunayya. Zheng Yi ya ba da umarni ga manyan jiragen ruwa a cikin ƙungiyar, Jirgin Ruwa na Red Flag.

Zheng Yi Sao yana da 'ya'ya biyu tare da Zheng Yi: Zheng Yingshi (鄭英石), wanda aka haifa a 1803, da Zheng Xiongshi (鄭雄石), wanda aka haifa a shekarar 1807.

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