open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Hadassah (dancer)

**Hadassah Spira Epstein**(watan Disamba 30, shekary 1909-18 ga watan nuwanba shekara ta 1992), ƙwararren suna **Hadassah**,ɗan rawa ɗan kasar  Amurka ne haifaffen Urushalima,mawaƙa,kuma malami ƙware a kasar Indiya,Javanese, Balinese, da raye-rayen Yahudawa.An ƙirƙira shi a matsayin majagaba na raye-rayen Indiyawa da Isra'ila a Amurka,zane-zanenta yana nuna nau'ikan al'adu da salon al'adun kabilanci da na jama'a da kuma imaninta mai zurfi na ruhaniya. Rawar da ta sa hannu,"*Shuvi Nafshi* " ("Koma Ya Raina")(1947)ta dogara ne akan wata aya, a Zabura 116.

Hadassah ta fara yin wasa a birnin New York a cikin shekarar 1938 kuma ta fara yin sana'ar ta na farko a matsayin mai zanen solo a shekarar 1945.Ta yi aiki a tsakiyar shekarun 1970. Ta samu yabo sosai a kan rawar da ta taka da rawar da ta taka;wani abin tunawa a cikin *[[New York Times|jaridar The New York Times]]* ya bayyana ta a matsayin"mai yin magana ta musamman".Ta bude nata kamfanin rawa a shekarar 1950.Daga baya ta koyar da ɗalibai da yawa a kasar Amurka,kuma ta kasance mamban koyarwa,memba,kuma shugabar Ƙungiyar Kabilanci ta Ƙungiyar Rawar New York,babbar makarantar rawa a New York.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Hadassah ya auri Milton Epstein,mai zane kuma mai kantin sayar da littattafai,a New York a cikin watan Oktobar shekarar 1933. Bayan ƙarfafa ta ta yin nazarin raye-rayen Asiya, Epstein ta kula da aikin Hadassah kuma sau da yawa tana karantarwa a wasanninta. 

Hadassah ya mutu daga cutar kansa a ranar 18 ga watan Nuwambar,shekarar 1992,a New York. A cikin shekarar 1995,Milton Epstein ta ba da gudummawar takaddunta daga shekarar 1938 zuwa shekarar 1988 ga Jerome Robbins Dance Collection a Laburaren Jama'a na New York.

## Manazarta

## Sources

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Margaret Bernadine Hall

**Margaret Bernadine Hall**(10 Maris 1863 - 2 Janairu 1910)yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Ingilishi wacce ta shafe yawancin ayyukanta a Paris.Kadan daga cikin ayyukanta sun tsira,amma ta kasance sananne ga zanen 1886 *Fantine*,wanda ke rataye a cikin Walker Art Gallery,Liverpool, Ingila.Batun zanen shine Fantine,hali a cikin littafin Victor Hugo na 1862 *Les Misérables*.

## Tarihin Rayuwa

An haifi Margaret Bernadine Hall a 1863 a Wavertree,Liverpool.Mahaifinta shi ne Bernard Hall(1813–1890),ɗan kasuwa, ɗan siyasa na gida kuma ɗan agaji,wanda aka zaɓa Magajin garin Liverpool a 1879. Mahaifiyarta ita ce Margaret Calrow (1827–1902)daga Preston,wacce ita ce matar Bernard Hall ta biyu. Margaret ita ce ’yansu na biyu,kuma ’yarsu ta fari.  A cikin 1882 dangin sun ƙaura zuwa Landan, kuma daga baya a waccan shekarar, tana ɗan shekara 19,Margaret ta koma Paris don yin karatu na tsawon shekaru biyar a makarantar horar da Auguste Feyen-Perrin da Eduard Krug.Wannan ya kasance a lokacin da aka sami 'yan mata masu fasaha a cikin birni,kuma lokacin da masu ra'ayin ra'ayi ke aiki.Tsakanin 1888 zuwa 1894 Hall ya yi balaguro da yawa zuwa ƙasashe ciki har da Japan,China, Australia,Arewacin Amurka,da Arewacin Afirka,ya koma Paris a 1894.Ta koma Ingila a cikin 1907,inda ta mutu bayan shekaru uku a gidan marubucin wasan kwaikwayo George Calderon a Hampstead Heath,London.Bayan mutuwarta, an kimanta dukiyarta akan £22,130 ( equivalent to £2,400,000 a 2021 ). [10] An shigar da ita a farfajiyar coci na Cocin All Saints'Church,Childwall, Liverpool,kuma akwai wata allunan tunawa da tagulla a gare ta a arewacin majami'ar.A cikin 1925 an gudanar da nunin zane-zane na baya-bayan nan a Chelsea, London.

## Nassoshi
**Littafi Mai Tsarki**
 

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
Cornelius Adam Igbudu

**Cornelius Adam Igbudu** (1914-1981) mutum ne mai addini dan Najeriya wanda aka sani da kafa kungiyar Anglican Adam Preaching Society (A.A.P.S), kungiyar masu bishara a Cocin Anglican ta Najeriya. An ba shi ikon warkarwa.

A cikin shekara ta 1992, Farfesa Michael Y. Nabofa ya rubuta littafi game da rayuwarsa mai suna: "Adamu: The Evangelist".

A cikin Mayu 1998, Farfesa Sam U. Erivwo ya rubuta cewa Cornelius Adam Igbudu ya kasance "da girma sosai" ta Bishop Agori Iwe, zamaninsa.

## Legacy
A yau, asalin majami'u masu zaman kansu da yawa a Najeriya, irin su God's Grace Ministry karkashin jagorancin D. D. Mimeyeraye (wanda yanzu ake kira D. D. MiyeriJesu) da New Glory Revival Ministry karkashin jagorancin S. U. Ayanyen, an samo asali ne daga ma'aikatar bishara ta Cornelius Adam Igbudu a cikin Cocin Anglican na Najeriya.

Bisa la'akari da irin nasarorin da ya samu na wa'azin bishara a Cocin Anglican ta Najeriya, Cornelius Adam Igbudu ya samu matsayi na waliyyai kuma aka sanya wa coci sunansa (St. Adam's Anglican Church da ke Oghio a yankin Olomu a jihar Delta).
An saka masa sunan makarantar sakandare a Araya (Adam Igbudu Memorial Secondary School), ciki har da makarantar Littafi Mai Tsarki da ke Emevor (Adam Igbudu Christian Institute).

Kungiyar Anglican Adam Preaching Society (A.A.P.S) ba ta kare tare da Cornelius Adam Igbudu ba a 1981. Hasali ma, ta yi girma tsawon kuma, a cewar Farfesa Sam U. Erivwo, ta wannan rukunin Urhobo, Isoko da Itsekiri sun sami farfadowa.

A cewar Farfesa Amos Utuama, al' ummar Isoko ta dade tana wa' azin bishara, inda ya ce tun a shekarar 1950, sun sami babban Limamin bisara a irin na marigayi Cornelius Adam Igbudu.
Ya ziyarci majami'u yana cin nasara ga tuba da karfafa masu bi.
Ya samu rashin jituwa da wani fitaccen malamin Isoko na Najeriya, Archbishop Christian Aggrey Apena, wanda ya zarge shi da "dagula masa hidima" a Cocin Anglican ta Najeriya.
Ya bar gadon da ba za a iya doke su ba a tseren Kirista a Isoko.
## Duba kuma
* Daniel Dikeji Miyerijesu

## Manazarta
Fasciola gigantica

***Fasciola gigantica*** shine tsutsar kawar cuta na parasitic flatworm na ajin Trematoda, wanda ke haifar da cutar  **fascioliasis** a wurare masu zafi. Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin cuta mafi hadari a cikin cututtukan platyhelminth na *ruminants*, a Asiya da Afirka . Kiyasin adadin kamuwa da cutar ya kai kashi 80-100% a wasu ƙasashe. Cutar da aka fi sani da fasciolosis.

Yawancin *F. gigantica* sau da yawa yakanyi kamanceceniya da na *[[Fasciola hepatica]]*, kuma nau'in  wanda ke bambanta su da wuyar gaske.  Don haka, ana buƙatar nagartattun dabaru na bincike  don gano daidai da gano banbancin  cutar da aka kamu da ita. 

## Yaduwarta
*Fasciola gigantica* yana haifar da barkewar annoba a wurare masu zafi na Kudancin Asiya, kudu maso gabashin Asiya, da Afirka. Rarraba yanki na *F. gigantica* ya mamaye *F. hepatica* a yawancin ƙasashen Afirka da Asiya kuma a wasu lokuta a cikin ƙasa ɗaya, kodayake a irin waɗannan yanayi, abubuwan da tsutsar take bukata na muhalli na da  na katantanwa sun bambanta. Kamuwa da cuta ya fi yaduwa a yankuna masu yawan tumaki da shanu. A Misira, *F. gigantica* ya kasance a cikin dabbobin gida tun zamanin fir'auna . 

## Tsarin rayuwa
The lifecycle of *F. gigantica* is: Eggs (transported with feces) → egg hatch → miracidium → miracidium infect snail intermediate host → (parthenogenesis in 24 hours) sporocyst → redia → daughter redia → cercaria → (gets outside the snail) → metacercaria → infection of the host → adult stage produces eggs. 

## Bincike
Duk da muhimmancin sanin yadda za a bambanta tsakanin kamuwa da cuta ta kowane nau'in fasciolid, saboda bambancinsu da halaye masu kulawa, rashin alheri, ƙwayoyin cuta (wanda ke da alaƙa) ko cututtukansu na rigakafi suna da wuyar gaske. Musamman a cikin mutane, ƙayyadaddun ganowa ta hanyar asibiti, ƙwayoyin cutar, ko hanyoyin amfani da garkuwar jiki ba abin dogaro bane. Gwajin kwayoyin halitta su ne kawai kayan aiki masu ban sha'awa, irin su PCR - RFLP assay,   da saurin madaidaicin madaidaicin isothermal amplification (LAMP). 

## Magani
Triclabendazole shine magani na zabi a cikin fasciolosis, saboda yana da matukar tasiri akan duka balagagge da balagagge. An nuna Artemether *a cikin vitro* don yin tasiri daidai.  Ko da yake ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi, artesunate kuma yana da amfani a cikin fasciolosis na ɗan adam. 

## Manazarta
Zelalem Kibret

**Zelalem Kibret** dan kasar Habasha ne maifafutukar kare hakkin dan Adam kuma masani kan harkokin shari'a. Ya yi hijira zuwa Amurka a shekarar ta  2016.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Kibret ya fara sha'awar siyasa tun yana matashi saboda wallafe-wallafen zamanin Soviet a gidansa na kuruciya, da kuma jin labarin tashin hankalin da ya biyo bayan zaben gama gari na Habasha na shekarar ta 2005, wanda shi ne na farko da zai kada kuri'a. 

Kibret yayi aiki tare da hukumar kare hakkin dan adam ta Habasha. Ya yi LLM a Jami'ar Addis Ababa, kuma ya zama lauya. 

## Sana'a
An nada Kibret Farfesa a fannin shari'a a Jami'ar Ambo. 

A shekarar ta 2011, Kibret ya juya zuwa rubutun ra'ayin kanka a yanar gizo a matsayin hanyar tattaunawa game da 'yancin ɗan adam na Habasha, bayan da gwamnati ta rufe jaridar Addis Neger.  Ya yi rubutun ra'ayin kanka a yanar gizo a matsayin wani ɓangare na masu rubutun ra'ayin yanar gizo na Zone 9, wanda ya ja hankalin jami'an tsaro na Habasha. A shekarar ta 2012, an azabtar da Kibret kuma a shekarar 2014, an tsare shi a kurkukun Kaliti tare da abokan aikinsa saboda sukar gwamnati.  Bayan da aka sake shi bayan kusan shekara guda a gidan yari, jami’an gwamnati sun ci gaba da cin mutuncin Kibret da suka hada da kwace fasfo dinsa ta yadda ba zai iya karbar lambar yabo ta Bloggers na Zone 9 da ke birnin Paris daga hannun kungiyar Reporters Without Borders.    

Kibret ya kasa komawa bakin aikinsa a jami'a. A shekarar ta 2016 ya yi hijira zuwa Amurka kuma ya ɗauki haɗin gwiwar jagoranci na Afirka a lokacin shugabancin Barack Obama a Jami'ar Virginia da Kwalejin William &amp;amp; Mary.   A shekarar 2018, an zaɓi Kibret a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin majagaba 30 na Afirka ta Quartz Africa.  A halin yanzu yana nan a matsayin malami mai ziyara a Cibiyar 'Yancin Dan Adam da Adalci ta Duniya a Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar New York. 

## Manazarta
Doug Ring

**Douglas Thomas Ring** (14 Oktoban 1918 - 23 Yunin 2003) ɗan wasan kurket ne na kasar Australiya wanda ya taka leda a Victoria da kuma Ostiraliya a wasannin gwaji guda 13 tsakanin 1948 zuwa  1953. A cikin wasannin kurket na aji na farko 129, ya dauki wickets 426 bowling leg spin, kuma yana da babban maki na 145 , wanda shine kawai karni na aikinsa.

Ring ya yi gwajinsa na farko da Indiya a kakar 1947–48 kuma an zabo shi don yawon shakatawa na Ostiraliya na Ingila a 1948, abin da ake kira "Ba za a iya cin nasara ba", amma ya buga wasan gwaji guda ɗaya kawai a yawon shakatawa. Ya sami babban nasara a kan West Indies a cikin 1951 – 52, da Afirka ta Kudu a kakar wasa ta gaba kuma ya yi balaguron cin nasara na biyu na Ingila a 1953. Bayan wasan kurket, Ring ya rike mukamai a cikin gudanarwar masana'antu a Victoria, kuma ya zama mai sharhin rediyon cricket kuma daga baya mai masaukin baki na Duniyar Wasanni ta Ostiraliya.

## Shekarun farko a matsayin dan wasan cricket

An haife shi a Hobart, Ring ya koma Victoria tun yana yaro, kuma ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Melbourne .  Bayan buga wasan kurket na makaranta, ya buga wasan karshe na kakar 1935–36 tare da matakin matakin farko a Prahran . Ya yi bugun dama-dama da kwano karyawar kafa na hannun dama . Ya kai matsakaicin matsakaicin matakin bowa na Ƙungiyar Cricket Association ta Victoria kuma ya shiga ƙungiyar matakin farko na Richmond

## Cricket-aji na farko
A cikin 1938, bayan wasanni biyar tare da Richmond, an zaɓi shi don Victoria.  A wasansa na farko, a cikin Disamba 1938, ya ɗauki wickets huɗu na New South Wales, gami da Sid Barnes, wasan ƙwallon ƙafa tare da Chuck Fleetwood-Smith . A cikin wasan na gaba, batting a No 9, ya sanya 112 don wicket na takwas tare da Lindsay Hassett, yana yin 51 yana gudanar da kansa.   Bai fito a cikin sauran wasannin Sheffield Shield na Victoria ba a lokacin 1938–39, amma daga baya, ya buga da Western Australia a Perth a wasan da ba na Garkuwa na farko ba.&nbsp;– Yammacin Ostiraliya bai shiga Sheffield Shield ba sai bayan yakin duniya na biyu&nbsp;– ya dauki wickets shida don gudu 97 a farkon innings na Western Australia. 

A cikin lokacin 1939 – 40, Ring ya taka leda a duk wasannin Sheffield Shield na Victoria, kuma duk da cewa bai inganta kan ko dai mafi kyawun wasansa ba ko mafi kyawun batting, ya karɓi matsayin babban ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na gefe daga Fleetwood-Smith, tare da wickets 28. a fafatawar shida da babban dan wasan 17. A karshen kakar wasa ta bana, an zabo shi ne a kungiyar "Sauran", wanda ya kunshi fitattun 'yan wasa daga sauran jihohi, domin karawar da suka yi da kungiyar Garkuwa ta New South Wales, ko da yake dan wasan mai shekaru 48 ya yi fushi da shi. Clarrie Grimmett, wanda ya dauki wickets 10 zuwa Ring's daya a wasan.  Wisden ya lura a cikin taƙaitaccen rahoto kan Sheffield Shield na 1939-40 a cikin bugu na 1940 cewa Bill O'Reilly, Grimmett da Ring "sun ɗauki manyan karramawar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a gasar".  Kafin yakin duniya na biyu, kyaftin din Australiya Don Bradman ya ce game da Ring: "Idan ina zabar Australia XI don zuwa Ingila yanzu, daya daga cikin maza na farko a jerina zai zama Doug Ring".

## Manazarta
Han Sai Por

**Han Sai Por(**;an haife shi 19 Yulin shekarar 1943)ɗan ƙasar Singapore sculptor ne.Ya sauke karatu daga Nanyang Academy of Fine Arts(NAFA),East Ham College of Art,Wolverhampton College of Art(yanzu Makarantar Art and Design na Jami'ar Wolverhampton)da Jami'ar Lincoln,New Zealand,ta yi aiki a matsayin malami kuma daga baya a matsayin malami na ɗan lokaci a NAFA,Kwalejin Fasaha ta LASALLE-SIA,da Cibiyar Ilimi ta ƙasa,Jami'ar Fasaha ta Nanyang,kafin ya zama cikakken mai fasaha a 1997.

Han ya halarci nune-nunen gida da waje, ciki har da abubuwan da suka faru a China,Denmark,Japan,Malaysia,New Zealand da Koriya ta Kudu. Baje kolin solo dinta na farko,mai suna *Hudu Dimensions*, an gudanar da shi a gidan kayan tarihi na kayan tarihi na kasa a cikin 1993.Ana iya samun hotunanta a duniya,a Osaka da Shōdoshima,Kagawa Prefecture,a Japan; Kuala Lumpur da Sarawak a Malaysia;da Washington,DC A cikin Singapore, ana iya ganin hotunan da aka ba da izini daga gare ta a Babban Hasumiyar Tsaro, Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Tsaro ta Kasa, da Esplanade-Theaters a kan Bay, Guidance Tarihi na Kasa na Singapore, Gidan Haraji, Singapore Changi Airport Terminal 3,Suntec City Mall,da Laburaren Yanki na Woodlands.A cikin 2001,Han ya kasance shugaban kungiyar sassaka sassa(Singapore)kuma ya kasance shugabanta mai daraja.Ita ce mai fasaha ta farko a wurin zama a wurin shakatawa na Society's Sculpture Pavilion a Fort Canning Park a 2009,inda ta yi aiki a kan sassaka sassaka da aka yi daga kututturan bishiyar tembusu.

Han is probably best known for her stone sculptures with organic forms,examples of which include *Growth* (1985),*Spirit of Nature*(1988),*Object C*(1992) and *Seeds* (2006).The last work,presently located in the grounds of the National Museum, consists of two large kernels carved from sandstone excavated from Fort Canning Hill during the Museum's redevelopment. However,her  is broad,and includes *Four Dimensions*(1993),a collection of geometrical structures;and *20 Tonnes* (2002),also installed at the Museum, which consists of a row of six ridged monolithic blocks with a smaller block at either end,all hewn from a single granite rock.

Don gudunmawarta ga fasaha,an ba Han lambar yabo ta al'adu don fasaha a cikin 1995.Har ila yau,ita ce ta lashe gasar sassaka da zane-zane a bikin Triennale na 11-Indiya da Lalit Kala Akademi(National Academy of Art of India)ta shirya a shekara ta 2005,da kuma lambar yabo ta birnin kasar Sin a shekara mai zuwa.

## Ayyuka

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## Bayanan kula

## Nassoshi

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## Kara karantawa

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## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Yanar Gizo na hukuma na Han Sai Por
* Gidan yanar gizon hukuma na Kwalejin Fasaha na LASALLE
* Gidan yanar gizon hukuma na Nanyang Academy of Fine Arts
* Yanar Gizo na hukuma na Society Sculpture Society (Singapore)
Puerto Rico

**Puerto Rico** kasa ce da take a tsibirin Karebiya kuma ba yankin kasar Amurka bane. San Juan shine babban birnin kasar. Puerto Rico tana da nata tsarin mulki da nata rassan majalisa, zartarwa da na shari'a. Haɗin kai da Amurka ta hanyar zama ɗan ƙasa na tarayya, kuɗi da tsaro.
Solomon Lartey

**Solomon Lartey** wani dan kasuwa ne dan kasar Ghana wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin babban jami'in gudanarwa na Activa Inshorar  daga shekara ta 2017 izuwa shekara ta 2020.  

## Ƙuruciya da ilimi
Solomon Lartey ya yi karatu a Accra Academy da karatun sakandare.  Ya sami digiri na farko a Jami'ar Ghana. Lartey ya ci gaba da karatun Masters a Gudanar da Kasuwanci a Jami'ar Bradford. 

## Sana'a
Lartey ya fara aikinsa ne a Inshorar Enterprise da ke Ghana. 

Ya yi aiki a Kasuwar London a matsayin Manajan Claims Manager at Planet Accident Claims. Ya yi aiki a matsayin dillalin inshora a Brooklands Financial Services Limited. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Mai ba da Lamuni da Inshora a Ƙungiya mai sauƙi a Mitcham, Surrey, United Kingdom kuma daga baya ya riƙe wannan matsayi a Bryant da Menson UK Limited (wakilin da aka nada na Mortgage Broking Services Limited a Manchester). 

A shekarar 2008, ya koma Ghana kuma ya shiga Global Alliance Insurance a matsayin Manajan Ayyuka. 

A shekarar 2009, an nada shi Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa bayan siyan Global Alliance ta Activa International Insurance. A shekarar 2014, Lartey aka nada mataimakin manajan daraktan Activa. A shekarar 2017, Lartey ya zama memba na kwamitin zartarwa na Group Activa kuma Shugaba na hukumar inshora ta Activa International Insurance. 

## Ganewa

* 2019 Mafi kyawun Gudanarwar Inshora a Kyautar Inshorar Ghana 
* 2018 Mafi kyawun Babban Jami'in Inshora a Gidauniyar Kasuwanci na Kyautar Kasuwancin Ghana 

## Manazarta
Inger Hanmann

**Inger Frimann Hanmann**(née Clausen;7 Nuwamba 1918-9 Yuni 2007)ɗan wasan Danish ne,wanda ya ƙware a zane da enamelwork.Ita kuma 'yarta Charlotte Hanmann mai daukar hoto ce, mai zane da zane-zane. Fitattun ayyukan fasahar enamel na Inger Hanman ana nuna su a filin jirgin sama na Copenhagen da Bankin Danske. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Inger Clausen a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba 1918 a Stege,Denmark. Mahaifinta shine Niels Christoffer Clausen wanda likitan dabbobi ne.Mahaifiyarta Dagmar Madsen.Mahaifinta ya kwadaitar da ita ta shiga harkar hawan doki da dambe.A lokaci guda kuma ta haifar da sha'awar kiɗa da zane-zane.Lokacin da mahaifinta ya koma Copenhagen,ta tafi tare da shi,ta yi karatu a Makarantar Zane ta Mata(Tegne-og Kunstindustriskolen na Kvinder)daga 1935 zuwa 1938.A lokacin waɗannan karatun ta sami tasiri da zane-zane na Matisse da Picasso a cikin gidajen tarihi,kuma ta halarci kide-kide na kiɗa da jazz na zamani.Ta fara aiki a matsayin malami. 

## Nassoshi
Daniel McKorley

**Daniel McKorley** (an Haife shi a ranar 17 ga watan Yuni, 1971) hamshakin dan kasuwa ne na Ghana kuma wanda ya kafa, shugaba, kuma Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa na Rukunin Kamfanoni na McDan.        An bai wa McKorley lakabin Gwarzon Dan kasuwa (2016) a Kyautar  Ghana Aviation Awards. 

## Ƙuruciya da ilimi
An haifi Daniel McKorley a La, Accra. Bayan ya kammala sakandire sai ya tafi Jami’ar Ghana amma ya daina biyan kudin karatu. Ya kasa iya yin rajista don digiri na shekaru 15 kawai daga baya.  McKorley yana da difloma a leadership daga Jami'ar Lehigh, Pennsylvania. Ya kammala BSc da EMBA a fannin Gudanar da Kasuwanci da Kasuwanci daga Cibiyar Gudanarwa da Gudanar da Jama'a ta Ghana (GIMPA) da digiri na girmamawa da Makarantar Kasuwanci ta London ta ba shi.  Yana da takaddun shaidar kammala karatun digiri da yawa a fannin kasuwanci, jagoranci, sufuri, da dabaru, da sauran nasarorin ilimi. 

## Sana'a
Daniel McKorley shine Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa (Shugaba) na Rukunin Kamfanoni na McDan.  Ya kafa Kamfanin sufuri na McDan a watan Nuwamba 1999, yanzu yana da hedkwata a Accra da rassa a Tema da Takoradi. Kamfanin yana da kasancewa a cikin manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na sama da 2000 a duk duniya saboda haɗin gwiwa tare da Ƙungiyar Kula da Sufuri ta Duniya,  Cross, trades da world Cargo Alliance (WCA). 

## Tallafawa
McKorley ya gabatar da motar Benz Bus (Sprinter) mai sanyaya iska ga Hukumar Tennis ta Ghana a gasar cin kofin Tennis ta Afirka ta Yamma a McDan a filin wasa na Accra a watan Mayu 2017.    Daniel McKorley ya gabatar da adadin GH¢10,000 ga kungiyar Marubuta Wasanni ta Ghana (SWAG) don tallafa wa 2017 SWAG Awards Night a zauren Banquet na gidan gwamnati. 

A cikin watan Satumba 2021, ya tallafa wa Psalm Adjeteyfio da GH¢5,000 don taimakon ɗan wasan. 

## Daraja da karramawa

* Kyautar masu nasara ta Mujallar Yankin Yammacin Afirka
* Ernst & Matashin ɗan kasuwa na Nominee na Yammacin Afirka (2015)
* Dan kasuwa na shekara ta (2016) 
* Gabatar da kaya da kuma ɗan kasuwa na shekarar (2013) 
* CIMG Marketing Man of the Year (2017)   

## Rayuwa ta sirri
McKorley ya auri Abigail McKorley da Roberta McKorley kuma suna da yara.   Kotun koli ta Accra ta yankewa Daniel McKorley hukuncin daurin rai da rai. An same shi da laifin ne bayan kotu ta ce ya ki bin umarnin babbar kotun da gangan kan wani fili da ake takaddama a kai a gabashin Legon, kuma an umarce shi da ya biya tarar GH¢40,000.  

## Manazarta
Tawagar Taimakon Kasashen Duniya karkashin jagorancin Afirka zuwa Mali

**Ofishin Taimako na** Kasa da Kasa da ke karkashin jagorancin Afirka zuwa Mali (AFISMA) wani shiri ne na Kungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Yammacin Afirka (ECOWAS) wanda aka shirya don tallafawa gwamnatin kasar ECOWAS ta Mali a kan 'yan tawayen Islama a rikicin Arewacin Mali. An ba da izinin aikin tare da ƙudurin Majalisar Tsaro ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 2085, wanda aka zartar a ranar 20 ga Disamba 2012, wanda "ya ba da izini ga tura Ofishin Tallafin Kasa da Kasa na Afirka a Mali (AFISMA) na farkon shekara guda".

Da farko, aikin ya fara ne a watan Satumbar 2013, amma bayan ci gaba da ba zato ba tsammani daga sojojin 'yan tawaye a farkon watan Janairun 2013 da kuma shiga tsakani na Faransa, ECOWAS ta yanke shawarar tura sojojin AFISMA nan da nan. A ranar 17 ga watan Janairu, Najeriya ta fara tura sojojin sama da na ƙasa zuwa Mali. An bi tura Najeriya da isowar mutane 160 daga Burkina Faso a mako mai zuwa. Kwamandan farko na AFISMA shine Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Shehu na Najeriya.

A halin yanzu, shugabannin jihohi da gwamnatoci na ECOWAS sun amince da Manjo Janar Shehu na Najeriya a matsayin Kwamandan Soja da Brigadier Janar Yaye Garba na Nijar a matsayin Mataimakin Kwamandan Sojoji.

A ranar 31 ga watan Janairu, Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta kiyasta cewa akwai kimanin sojoji 1,400 na AFISMA daga Najeriya, Benin, Togo, Senegal, Burkina Faso da Chadi a ƙasa a Mali.

Sojoji masu zuwa sun himmatu ga AFISMA:

*

## Wadanda suka mutu
An kashe sojoji 65 a lokacin aikin: 'yan Chadi 34, 'yan Najeriya 28, 'yan Togo 2 da kuma 1 Burkinabé.

## Dubi kuma

* MINUSMA

## Manazarta
Ekow Mensah

**Ekow Mensah** ɗan kasuwa ne na zamantakewar jama'a na Ghana kuma mai magana (speaker)  wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaba na Cibiyar Kasuwancin Afirka (TANOE). 

## Ƙuruciya
An haifi Mensah a garin Takoradi da ke yankin yammacin kasar Ghana. Ya yi digiri a fannin lissafi daga Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah da ke Kumasi, Ghana. Ekow Mensah ya auri Mrs AJ Mensah.

## Sana'a
A matsayinsa na Babban Jami'in Cibiyar Harkokin Kasuwancin Afirka, yana kula da hanyoyin sadarwa na 5     da kuma ayyuka 6 waɗanda ke da hannu sosai a ayyukan tasiri daban-daban a fadin Ghana. Ƙungiyar 'yan kasuwa ta Afirka tana da mambobi fiye da 1750 'yan kasuwa a fadin Afirka musamman a Ghana, Najeriya, Afirka ta Kudu, Uganda, Laberiya, Kenya da Zambia. Har ila yau, kwanan nan ya ƙaddamar da cibiyar fasahar kere kere ta farko ta Ghana da filin haɗin gwiwa, wanda aka fi sani da TANOE Hub wanda ke ba da sarari da albarkatu ga masu ƙirƙira a Accra, Ghana.

Premium Bank Ghana Ltd ya nada Ekow kwanan nan don ya jagoranci shirin HelpStation  sannan kuma ya jagoranci hukumar bayar da kyaututtuka ta Ghana Startup Awards.  Ya kuma kasance mai ba da shawara mai zaman kansa tare da British Council Ghana da DwellWorks, Amurka da masu jagoranci  mahalarta shirin Yanki YALI Yammacin Afirka da daliban Jami'ar Ashesi.

Muƙalarsa   akan Shugaba Donald Trump an buga shi sosai kuma an ba da shawarar a duk faɗin Afirka.

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa
A cikin shekarar 2015, Mensah ya kuma kasance a cikin mutane 50 Mafi Tasirin Matasan Ghana  ta Avance Media kuma daga baya Coca-Cola ta gano shi a cikin Shugabannin Matasa 60 a Ghana. 

## Manazarta
Sufurin Jirgin kasa a Lesotho

Kasar Lesotho tana da tashar jirgin kasa guda daya, dake Maseru babban birnin kasar. Ita ce ƙarshen layin reshen Maseru, wanda ke haɗuwa da layin dogo na Afirka ta Kudu.

## Dubawa
Tsawon layin da ke cikin Lesotho, daga gadar kan iyaka akan kogin Mohokare zuwa tashar,  . An buɗe a ranar 18 ga watan Disamba, 1905.  Nisan layin dogo daga Maseru zuwa babban layin da ke Bloemfontein shine  

Tun daga shekara ta 2008, an yi ta tattaunawa kan gina sabbin hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa don haɗa Lesotho zuwa Durban da Port Elizabeth. 

## Duba kuma

* Tarihin safarar dogo a Lesotho
* Sufuri a Lesotho
* Jirgin kasa a Afirka ta Kudu

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
Yankuna uku na ciniki Kyauta

**Yankin** Ciniki na Tripartite (**TFTA**) yarjejeniyar cinikayya ce ta Afirka tsakanin Kasuwancin Gabas da Kudancin Afirka (COMESA), Kudancin Kudancin Ƙasar Afirka (SADC) da Kudanfin Afirka (EAC).

A ranar 10 ga Yuni, 2015 an sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar a Masar ta kasashen da ke ƙasa (yana jiran tabbatarwa ta majalisun kasa). 

A ranar 15 ga Yuni, 2015 a taron koli na 25 na Tarayyar Afirka a Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, an kaddamar da tattaunawa don ƙirƙirar Yankin Ciniki na Afirka (CFTA) a shekarar 2017 tare da, ana sa ran, duk jihohin Tarayyar Afrika 54 a matsayin mambobi na yankin cinikayya kyauta.

## Bayanan da aka yi amfani da su

## Haɗin waje

*  (archived)
Faye HeavyShield

**Faye HeavyShield**(an Haife shi a shekara ta 1953)mai zanen al'umman farko na Kainai ne kuma mai fasahar shigarwa.An san ta don maimaita amfani da abubuwa da rubuce-rubuce don ƙirƙirar manyan sikeli,galibi ƙanƙanta,ƙayyadaddun kayan aiki na rukunin yanar gizo.

## Fage
HeavyShield,ƙarami na uku cikin 'yan'uwa 12,ya girma a Arewacin Ƙarshen Jini 148 a Alberta,inda mahaifinta ya gudanar da kiwo.Tun tana karama ta halarci makarantar Katolika a wurin zama na St.Mary's Residential.Ta girma a Reserve ta yi magana da Blackfoot da Ingilishi kuma ta ɗan ɗan yi ɗan lokaci tare da kakarta wacce ta gaya mata tarihin baka na Kainai,ko mutanen Jini,waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyar Blackfoot Confederacy.

A cikin 1980 HeavyShield ta yi rajista a Kwalejin Art da Design na Alberta sannan ta sami digiri na farko na Fine Arts a Jami'ar Calgary a 1986.  

A cikin 2007 HeavyShield ya ba da labari kuma yayi aiki a cikin"Legends of Kainai: Stories from the Blackfoot People of Southern Alberta"wanda CBC ta samar.

## Aikin fasaha
*Sana'ina nuni ne na muhallina da tarihin kaina kamar yadda rayuwa ta kasance a cikin yanayin yanayin kudancin Alberta tare da ciyawa mai ciyayi,kogi,da iska da kuma tarbiyya a cikin al'ummar Kainai (tare da yanayin ƙuruciya a tsarin makarantar mazaunin Katolika).Abubuwan da suka gabata, na yanzu da waɗanda aka zayyana sun haɗa da ƙamus da aka yi amfani da su don gane tunanina da ra'ayoyina;martani da nassoshi ga jiki, ƙasa,harshe.*-Faye HeavyShield

* Gidan kayan tarihi na Eiteljorg na Indiyawan Amurka da fasahar Yamma
* Gidan kayan tarihi na Ji
* National Gallery of Canada 

## Sanannen kyaututtuka

* *Eiteljorg Fellowship for American Fine Art*, 2009, Eiteljorg Museum of American Indians and Western Art 

## Kara karantawa

* Garkuwan Heavy, Faye. *venus kamar torpedo* . Dunlop Art Gallery Publications, 1996. 
* Kyo Maclear da Kathryn Walter. *Masu Binciken Masu Zaman Kansu: Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙasa* . Banff Center Press, 1999. ISBN&nbsp;
* Paul Chaat Smith . *Faye HeavyGarke: Jini* . Kudancin Alberta Art Gallery, 2005. ISBN&nbsp;

## Nassoshi


## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* ''Robert Houle'' akan Faye HeavyShield 
* "Faye HeavyShield: Ƙarfin Kainai"  Archived   Mason Studio
* "Faye HeavyShield's Calling Duwatsu" Galleries West
Sufuri a Laberiya

**Sufuri a Laberiya** sun ƙunshi 266 mi na layin dogo, 6,580 mi na manyan tituna (408 mi paved), tashar jiragen ruwa, filayen jirgin sama 29 (2 paved) da 2 mi na bututun jigilar mai.  Motoci da tasi sune manyan hanyoyin jigilar ƙasa a ciki da wajen Monrovia. Akwai kuma jiragen ruwa na Charter. 

## Layin dogo
A tarihi, an gina hanyoyin jirgin kasa guda uku a Laberiya don fitar da ma'adinai daga ma'adanai; sun lalace a lokacin yakin basasa. A cikin 2010, titin jirgin ƙasa na Bong kawai ya fara aiki  amma Lamco Railway aƙalla an sake gina shi ta hanyar ArcelorMittal kuma ya koma aiki a cikin 2011.  Babu wata hanyar layin dogo da wasu kasashe, ko da yake an yi wani kudiri na tsawaita hanyar jirgin kasa na ma'adinan Bong don yin hidimar ma'adinan da ke kan iyaka a Guinea .

*Jimlar:* 429 km (2008)

*Daidaitaccen ma'auni:* 345km (2008)

Narrow gauge*:* 84km (2008) 

## Hanyoyi

*Jimlar:* 10,600&nbsp;km (6,586&nbsp;mi) (akwai babbar lalacewa a kan dukkan manyan tituna saboda ruwan sama mai yawa da rashin kulawa)

Parved*:* 657&nbsp;km (408&nbsp;mi)

*Ba a kwance ba:* 9,943&nbsp;km (6,178&nbsp;mi) (2018) 

Lokacin da aka kammala gine-gine da sake gina tituna a Laberiya, babbar hanyar da ta tashi zuwa yammacin Afirka za ta ratsa kasar, ta hade ta zuwa Freetown ( Saliyo ), Abidjan ( Ivory Coast ), da kuma sauran kasashe 11 na kungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Yamma. Kasashen Afirka (ECOWAS). 

## Tashoshi da tashar jiragen ruwa

* Buchanan - dogo na 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) standard gauge da yakin basasa ya shafi ma'adinan ƙarfe a Nimba
* Greenville
* Harper
* Monrovia 

## Merchant marine
Laberiya tuta ce ta ƙasa da ƙasa na dacewa da jigilar kaya.

*Jimlar:* 3,942 (2021)

Jirgin ruwa *ta nau'in: jigilar kaya* 1,487, jigilar kaya 878, jigilar kaya gabaɗaya 131, tankar mai 851, sauran 595 (2021) 

## filayen jiragen sama

20 (2017) Babban filin jirgin sama na kasa da kasa a kasar shine Filin Jirgin Sama na Roberts.

### Filayen jiragen sama-tare da shimfidar titin jirgin sama
*Jimlar:* 2 *Sama da 3,047&nbsp;m (10,000&nbsp;ft):* 1 *1,524 zuwa 2,437&nbsp;m (5,000 zuwa 8,000&nbsp;ft:* 1 (2017)

### Filayen jiragen sama-tare da titin jirgin da ba a buɗe ba
*Jimlar:* 27 *1,524 zuwa 2,437&nbsp;m (5,000 zuwa 8,000&nbsp;ft):* 5 *914 zuwa 1,523&nbsp;m (3,000 zuwa 4,999&nbsp;ft):* 8 *Kasa da 914&nbsp;m (3,000&nbsp;ft:* 14 (2013) 

## Duba kuma

* Tattalin Arzikin Laberiya

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

*  "LiberiaEntry". Fahrplancenter.com. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
Fasfo na ECOWAS

**Fasfo na ECOWAS** takardar fasfo ce ta yau da kullun ga kasashe da yawa a Yammacin Afirka.

Kasashen membobin ECOWAS - Kungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Kasashen Yammacin Afirka - sun aiwatar da kirar gama gari don fasfo. An kirkireshi ne don saukake tafiye-tafiye na cikin yanki na 'yan kasa na kasashe membobin na tsawon lokaci mara iyaka. Ana iya amfani da fasfo a cikin yankin kuma an san shi don tafiye-tafiye na duniya.

## Nau'o'in
Akwai nau'ikan fasfo guda uku na ECOWAS:

; Fasfo na yau da kullun
: Ana ba da wadannan fasfo ga 'yan kasa kuma an yi niyya ne don tafiye-tafiye na lokaci-lokaci, kamar hutu da tafiye-tallace na kasuwanci. Suna dauke da shafuka 32, kuma suna aiki na shekaru 5.

; Fasfo na hukuma / sabis
: Ana ba da wadannan fasfo ga jami'an da ke hade da cibiyoyin gwamnati wadanda ke tafiya a kan kasuwancin hukuma.

; Fasfo na diflomasiyya
: An bayar da shi ga jami'an diflomasiyya da kwastomomi don tafiye-tafiye masu alaƙa da aiki, da kuma masu dogaro da su.

## Abubuwan da aka saba da su

### Tsarin gaba ɗaya

* Girman takarda B7 (ISO / IEC 7810 ID-3, 88 mm × 125 mm)
* Shafuka 32 (fasfo tare da Karin shafuka za a iya bayarwa ga matafiya masu yawa)
* Launi na murfin: kore, shuɗi da burgundy (dangane da nau'in fasfo)

### Rufin
Kungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Yammacin Afirka (ECOWAS) kanta ba ta bayar da fasfo, amma fasfo da membobinta 15 suka bayar suna da wasu fasalulluka na kira. Wadannan sun hada da murfin launin kore don fasfo na yau da kullun, murfin launin shudi don fasfo mai sabis, da murfin launi na burgundy don fasfo masu diflomasiyya, da kuma fasalulluka na tsaro na yau da kullum da biometrics.

Ƙarin fasalulluka na yau da kullun sun haɗa da rubutun kalmomin ECONOMIC COMMUNITY OF WEST AFRICAN STATES (ECOWAS), Faransanci: COMMUNAUTÉCON ÉOMIQUE DES ÉTATS DE L'AFRIQUE DE L'OUEST (CEDEAO), dangane da harshen jihar da ke bayarwa. Duk da yake alamar al'ummar ECOWAS tana da alama a shafi na wasu fasfo, yana yiwuwa a lura da wasu fasfo na ECOWES na wasu kasashe tare da alamar jihar a kan murfin maimakon haka. Sunan kasar da ke bayarwa yawanci shine kawai abin da ke rarrabe tsakanin fasfo da kasashe daban-daban masu zaman kansu na yankin suka bayar.

Kusa da kasan murfin fasfo, dangane da harshen hukuma na jihar da ke bayarwa, kalmomin PASSPORT, Faransanci: PASSEPORT an rubuta su a kan fasfo na yau da kullun, OFFICIAL PASSPORt ko SERVICE PASSPORت, Faransaniya: PASSESORT DE SERVICE a kan fasfofin sabis; da DIPLOMATIC PASSPORТ, Faransci: PASSELOMATIQUE a kan fasffofin diflomasiyya.

### Shafin ganewa
Ana buga bayanan da ke kasa a shafin tantancewa, a cikin Turanci da Faransanci:
 

## Bayani game da fasfo da jihohin ECOWAS suka bayar

## Manazarta
Tamagn Beyene

**Tamagne Beyene** (Amharic: ታማኝ) ɗan rajin kare hakkin ɗan adam ɗan Habasha ne, tsohon ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, ɗan wasan barkwanci kuma ɗan jarida. An haife shi a Gonder, Tamagne an ɗauke shi aiki zuwa Ƙungiyar Gargajiya ta Gonder a shekarar 1981. Ba da daɗewa ba ya shiga gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Habasha a shekarar 1983, yana yin wasan barkwanci,  wasan kwaikwayo, mawaƙi, mai buga ganga da saxophonist.

A lokacin gwamnatin Tigray People's Liberation Front, Tamagne ya yi gudun hijira zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 1996 kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai fafutuka kan adawa da gwamnatin kama-karya. Daga ƙarshe Tamagne ya koma Habasha ta kiran Firayim Minista Abiy Ahmed a watan Satumban shekarar 2018.

## Rayuwa da aiki
Tamagne Beyene haifaffen Chilga wani karamin gari ne a garin Gonder . A lokacin yana karami, ya kafa kungiyar kida ta yara, sannan daga baya aka dauke shi aiki zuwa kungiyar Gargajiya ta Gonder a shekarar 1981. Yayin da sha'awarsa a fannin fasaha da wasan kwaikwayo ke tasiri a hankali, gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kasa ya dauke shi aiki a shekarar 1983. Tun daga nan, ya yi hidima a gidan wasan kwaikwayo ta kasa ta fannoni daban-daban.   Tamagne ya taka rawar gani a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo:  wasan barkwanci, mawaƙi, mai buga ganga da saxophonist. 

Bayan da jam'iyyar Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) ta hau mulki a shekarar 1991, ya zabi yayi gudun hijira zuwa Washington DC a 1996.   Ya yi adawa da mulkin kama-karya na TPLF da manufofinta na kabilanci kuma yana karkashin zaluncin siyasa, wanda ya sanya shi ya zama dan gwagwarmayar siyasa. 

A lokacin da Abiy Ahmed ya hau kan karagar mulki a watan Afrilun 2018, ya kira kungiyoyin adawa na tsohuwar jam’iyya mai mulki, wato Ethiopia People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), ciki har da Tamagne, da su dawo Habasha.  A ranar 1 ga watan Satumba 2018, Tamagne ya koma Addis Ababa bayan ya shafe shekaru 27 a Amurka. Jami'an gwamnati na ma'aikatar masana'antu Ambachew Mekonnen da magajin garin Addis Ababa Takele Uma Banti sun tarbe shi. 

## Manazarta
Kungiyoyin kwadago a Aljeriya

Kafin samun 'yancin kai na Aljeriya a 1962, an tsara kungiyoyin  a Aljeriya cikin kungiyoyin yanki na kungiyoyin kwadoro na Faransa. Bayan samun 'yancin kai Janar Union of Algerian Workers (UGTA) ya zama cibiyar ƙungiyar kwadago. UGTA tana da alaƙa da Front de Libération nationale; duk da haka, a cikin 1989, tare da canje-canje na tsarin mulki da sabbin dokoki an nisanta UGTA daga FLN kuma ba ta riƙe matsayin cibiyar ƙungiyar kwadago ba. Duk da wannan, UGTA ta ci gaba da kasancewa, a aikace, cibiyar kawai - tare da 'yan kungiyoyin kwadago kaɗan a waje da alakarta.

A lokacin yakin basasar Aljeriya an kama ƙungiyar kwadago a cikin wannan tashin hankali wanda ya kashe fararen hula da yawa. Dukkanin ICTUR da Amnesty International sun ba da rahoton mutuwar masu gwagwarmayar kungiyar kwadago, suna kammala cewa dalilan mutuwarsu suna da wuyar tantancewa, saboda lokutan rikici. Dalilan sun fito ne daga mutuwar da ke da alaƙa kai tsaye da ayyukan ƙungiyar, har zuwa wasu batutuwan siyasa (kamar ra'ayoyin masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na malamai mata), da kuma tashin hankali na bazuwar.

## Bayanan da aka yi amfani da su
Layin dogo na ECOWAS

Ɗaya daga cikin burin Kungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Yammacin Afirka (ECOWAS) shine ci gaban cibiyar sadarwa ta jirgin ƙasa.

Manufofin sun haɗa da tsawaita layin dogo a cikin ƙasashe membobin, haɗin gwiwar layin dogo da aka ware a baya da daidaita ma'auni, birki, haɗuwa, da sauran sigogi.

## Liyin dogo da aka gabatar
Layin farko zai haɗa birane da tashar jiragen ruwa na Legas, Cotonou, Lomé da Accra kuma zai ba da damar manyan jiragen ruwa su mai da hankali kan ƙananan manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa, yayin da suke aiki da kyau a cikin mafi girma.  Wannan layin ya haɗa 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) ma'auni da 1,000  (3 ft 3 + 3⁄8 in) tsarin ma'auni na mita, wanda zai buƙaci ma'aunin ma'aini biyu na dogo guda huɗu, wanda kuma zai iya samar da ma'aani na ma'aoni.

## Gauge (railway)

## Bayanan da aka yi amfani da su
Tashoshin jirgin kasa a Maroko

Wannan muƙalar tana nuna jerin tashoshin jirgin ƙasa a Maroko. Hukumar ONCF ce ke kula da tashoshin.

## Tashoshi
Tare da haɗin gwiwar Supratours na bas, ONCF tana ba da tikitin haɗin gwiwa zuwa birane da yawa ba tare da tashar jirgin ƙasa ba. Ba kuma a haɗa waɗannan wuraren zuwa cikin jerin da kuma ke ƙasa ba.

### Existing

### An gabatar
Za a tsawaita layin yanzu zuwa Oued Zem zuwa Beni Mellal.

### An rufe

* Baba Ftouh, Fez
* Sidi Hrazem, Fez

### Freight only
Tashoshin jirgin fasinja ne kawai aka jera a sama. Matsugunai irin su Agadir da Tetouan suna da tashoshi na keɓancewar hanyar sadarwar siminti/na sufuri.

## Duba kuma

* Sufuri a Maroko

## Manazarta
Hakkin Ɗan Adam a Gambia

An dauki **hakkin bil adama a Gambia** a karkashin Yahya Jammeh bashi da inganci.  A watan Disamba, 2016, ya sha kaye a zabe a hannun Adama Barrow, wanda ya yi alkawarin inganta hakkin dan Adam a kasarsa.  Rahoton "'Yanci a Duniya" na shekarar 2018 ya sanya Gambiya a matsayin "wani 'yanci". (partly free)  Ayyukan LGBT ba bisa ka'ida ba ne, kuma hukuncin daurin rai da rai ne. 

## Duba kuma

* Fataucin mutane a Gambia
* Hakkin LGBT a Gambia

## Manazarta
Hukumar kare hakkin ɗan Adam

**Hukumar kare hakkin dan adam**, wacce aka fi sani da **hukumar hulɗa da jama'a**, ita ce hukumar da aka kafa domin bincike, inganta ko kare hakkin dan adam.

Kalmar tana iya komawa ga ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa, na ƙasa ko na ƙasa da aka kafa don wannan dalili, kamar cibiyoyin kare haƙƙin ɗan adam na ƙasa ko (yawanci na wucin gadi) kwamitocin gaskiya da sulhu.

## Ƙasashen Duniya

## Ƙungiyoyin ƙasa
An kafa kwamitocin kare hakkin dan Adam na kasa da na kasa a kasashe da dama domin ingantawa da kare hakkin ‘yan kasarsu, kuma galibin kwamitocin kungiyoyin jama’a ne amma suna da ‘yancin kai daga jihar. A wasu ƙasashe jami'in tsaro yana yin wannan rawar. Kwamitocin da ke kasa jihar ce ta dauki nauyinsu sai dai inda aka nuna.

### Afirka

### Asiya-Pacific

### Turai

### Amurka

## Duba kuma

* Hukumar gaskiya da sulhu
* Ombudsman.

## Manazarta
John Antwi

**John Antwi Duku** (an haife shi 6 ga watan Agustan 1992) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Ghana wanda ke taka leda a kulob dinsa  Al-Faisaly SC na Premier a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba. A matakin kasa da kasa, ya buga wasa sau biyu a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Ghana.

## Aikin kulob

### Dreams FC
Aikin ƙwallon ƙafa na John Antwi ya fara ne da Dreams FC, ƙungiyar Ghana da ta fafata a rukuni na uku na gasar.  Yayin wasa don Dreams FC an gayyace shi zuwa shirin horo na preseason na 2010 – 2011 na Accra Hearts of Oak SC . Gayyatar ta samu sakamako mai kyau kamar yadda ya nuna ta hanyar zura kwallaye biyar a wasanni bakwai na sada zumunta.  

### Sekondi Eleven wise
Antwi ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne da Sekondi Eleven Wise a birnin Sekondi na gabar tekun Ghana a shekara ta 2011.  Ayyukansa na goma sha ɗaya Wise ya ba shi gwaji tare da bangarorin Masar Al Ahly da Beni Suef Wayoyin Wayoyin .    Ya buga wasa a kulob din Ghana na tsawon shekara guda kafin a sayar da shi ga kulob din Ismaily na Masar a shekarar 2012. 

### Ismaila SC
Antwi ya koma kungiyar Ismaily ta Masar a watan Disambar 2012 kan kwantiragin shekaru biyar. An saye shi akan dalar Amurka dubu dari biyu da hamsin. Antwi ya zauna da sauri zuwa rayuwa a gasar Masar.  A kakar wasansa ta farko tare da Ismaily SC ya ci jimillar kwallaye tara a wasanni da dama da ya buga da su.  

Kafin a soke gasar firimiya ta Masar sakamakon rikicin siyasar watan Yunin 2013, John ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasannin cin kofin zakarun nahiyoyi na CAF, da kwallaye biyu a gasar cin kofin Masar da kuma kwallaye biyar a gasar Premier ta Masar.     Kamar yadda a ƙarshen rana ta biyu na gasar Premier ta Masar ta 2013-2014, Antwi ya kasance kan gaba mafi yawan zura kwallaye da kwallaye hudu.    A lokacin da ya kare kakarsa ta biyu tare da kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Masar Ismaily, ya zura kwallaye 11 a wasanni 16 da ya buga inda ya lashe wanda ya fi zura kwallaye a gasar. 

### Al-Shabab FC
A ranar 26 ga Janairun 2015, Antwi ya koma kungiyar Al Shabab ta Saudiyya bayan Ismaily ya amince da kulla yarjejeniyar dala miliyan 2200 a kwangilar shekaru biyu da rabi.  A ranar 6 ga watan Fabrairu, Antwi ya fara buga wa kungiyarsa wasa a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbin Abdulmajeed Al Sulaiheem a minti na 52 a karawar da Al Khaleej, amma ya kasa zura kwallo a raga yayin da wasan ya tashi 1-0 a waje.  A ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, Antwi ya zaba don farawa XI don wasan da Al Fateh, ya zira kwallonsa ta farko a kulob din a cikin minti na 61st yayin da wasan ya ƙare 2-2. 

## Manazarta
Paulette Badjo Ezouehu

**Paulette Badjo Ezouehu** 'yar siyasa ce wacce ta kasance ministar kare hakkin bil'adama da 'yancin jama'a na Jamhuriyar Ivory Coast daga watan Janairu 2016 zuwa Janairu 2017.  Ezouehu ta kuma jagoranci kwamitin binciken laifuka da manyan laifuka a lokacin yakin basasar Ivory Coast na shekarar 2011. 

## Kyauta

* Jami'in National Order of Ivory Coast Merit 

## Manazarta
Anna Bossman

**Anna Bossman** (an Haife ta a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba 1957) 'yar Ghana ce mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam.  Ta taba zama darakta a Sashen Mutunci da Yaki da Cin Hanci da Rashawa na Bankin Raya Afirka (AfDB).    A shekarar 2017 an nada ta jakadiyar Ghana a Faransa. 

## Ilimi
An haife shi a Kumasi, Ghana, mahaifinsa Dr. Jonathan Emmanuel Bossman, tsohon wakilin Ghana a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Geneva,  da Alice Decker. Anna Bossman ta halarci makarantar Holy Child a Cape Coast, ta ci gaba da zuwa Makarantar Achimota don karatun sakandarenta.  Ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Ghana, Legon tare da digiri na shari'a da kimiyyar siyasa kuma daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Ghana a shekarar 1980, ana kiranta zuwa Bar Ghana a waccan shekarar. 

## Sana'a
Bayan ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Lauyar Jiha a Ma'aikatar Shari'a ta Ghana, Bossman ta shiga aikin sirri, kuma a cikin shekaru 25 da suka biyo baya zata ci gaba da aiki a masana'antar mai da iskar gas da bangaren makamashi, tana aiki tare da manyan kamfanoni na duniya ciki har da Tenneco) a Gabon (Inda ta kasance mace ta farko a sakatare-janar na kungiyar kamfanonin mai na Gabon, Kongo, Cote d'Ivoire, Angola, da kuma Ghana, inda a shekarar 1996 ta kafa Bossman Consultancy Limited don bayar da tallafi ga ayyukan samar da wutar lantarki da makamashi., cibiyoyi na kasa da kasa da hukumomin bayar da tallafi da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu da masu zuba jari na kasuwanci. 

Ta kasance mataimakiyar kwamishiniyar hukumar kare hakkin dan adam da shari'a ta Ghana (CHRAJ) daga shekarar 2002 zuwa 2010, inda aka nada ta mukaddashyar kwamishina. 

A watan Yulin shekarar 2011, kungiyar Bankin Raya Afirka ta dauke ta aiki a matsayin Darakta a Sashen Aminci da Yaki da Cin Hanci da Rashawa, inda take kula da binciken zamba, cin hanci da rashawa da sauran munanan ayyuka. 

### Aikin diflomasiyya
A watan Yuni 2017 an nada ta jakadiyar Ghana a Faransa, kuma ta gabatar da wasikunta na amincewa ga shugaban Faransa Emmanuel Macron a ranar 13 ga watan Oktoba 2017.  Ta kasance jakadiyar Ghana a Portugal kuma wakiliyar kasarta ta dindindin a UNESCO. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Ta taba auren tsohon dan takarar firaminista a Burkina Faso, Pierre-Claver Damiba; kuma suna da 'ya mace. 

## Kyaututtukan da aka zaɓa
2008 – Kyautar Gwanayen Mata ta Ghana don ƙware a Haƙƙin Dan Adam da Doka (Ghana National Honorary Awards of Fame) 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* nasaba A shafi
Ernest Bediako Sampong

**Ernest Bediako Sampong** (an haife shi a watan Yuni, 1956) ɗan Ghana ne kuma ɗan kasuwa. Shi ne Wanda ya kafa kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na Ernest Chemist kuma an ba shi kyautar The Man of The Year at EMYAfrica Awards na shekarar  2020.  

## Ƙuruciya da ilimi
Ya yi karatun sakandare a Adisadel College a Cape Coast, Ghana.   Ya ci gaba a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Ghana amma daga baya ya fita zuwa Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah, inda ya sami digiri na farko na Kimiyya a Pharmacy.   

## Sana'a
Shi ne Shugaba na Ernest Chemist Limited, wani kamfani da ke sayar da magunguna, da rarrabawa da kera Magunguna.   A cikin shekarar 2009, Ya kafa Kamfanin NestPharma Limited a Freetown, Saliyo. 

## Nasarorin da Kyaututtuka
Earnest ya sami lambobin yabo da karramawa a cikin harkokin kasuwanci da kantin magani.

## Manazarta
Kris Senanu

**Kris Senanu** ɗan kasuwan Kenya ne wanda a halin yanzu shine Babban Jami'in Kasuwancin Kasuwanci a Safaricom. Kafin wannan ya kasance Manajan Darakta na Telkom Digital. Kris shine ƙarami mai gudanarwa na Telco don gudanar da wani kamfani na ICT da aka jera. Ya taka rawar gani a farkon Access Kenya (yanzu Internet Solutions) kuma ya yi nasarar taimaka masa ya zama kamfani na ICT na farko da aka jera akan musayar Securities na Nairobi. Daga nan ya taimaka wajen fadada sawun kasuwancin zuwa Gabashin Afirka da kuma sarrafa saye da sayar da shi ta hanyar Dimension Data a shekarar 2014, kafin daga bisani ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin a shekarar 2016.

## Ƙuruciya da ilimi
Kris Senanu ɗa ne ga malami Kwadzo Senanu.

Kris Senanu ya halarci USIU-A, inda ya sami digiri na farko a cikin Gudanar da Kasuwancin Duniya, wanda ya shahara a Kasuwanci da kuma digiri na biyu (MBA) a cikin Gudanar da Dabarun daga Makarantar Kasuwancin Jami'ar Warwick.

## Sana'a
A halin yanzu shi ne Babban Jami'in Kasuwancin Kasuwanci a Safaricom. A cikin shekarar 2001, ya taimaka wajen kafa ƙungiyar AccessKenya,  ya zama Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa na kamfanin a shekarar 2005, daga baya kuma Manajan Darakta.   A cikin shekarar 2014, AccessKenya Group ta samu ta hanyar Intanet Solutions ( IS ), tare da Senanu ya zama mataimakin Shugaba.  A cikin shekarar 2016 ya shiga Telkom Kenya a matsayin Manajan Darakta, Sashen Kasuwanci. 

Kris kuma shine Shugaban Majalisar Jami'ar Duniya ta Amurka. Sauran shugabannin da ya rike a baya da kuma na yanzu sun hada da: Majalisar Gudanarwa a Cibiyar Gudanarwa ta Kenya, Shugaban Hukumar Pan African BTL Africa, mai hedkwata a Ghana, da Mdundo wanda shi ne dandalin kiɗa na Afirka.

Kris yana cikin duka Cibiyar Tallace-tallace ta Chartered da Cibiyar Gudanarwa ta Kenya.

## Duba kuma

* Telkom Kenya

## Manazarta