Gurbacewar iska a Delhi

Ingancin iska a Delhi, babban birnin Indiya, bisa ga binciken WHO na biranen duniya 1,650, da kuma wani bincike na biranen duniya 7,000 da Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Amurka ta yi a watan Agusta 2022,  shine mafi muni na kowane manyan. birni a duniya. Hakanan yana shafar gundumomin da ke kusa da Delhi.   An yi kiyasin gurbacewar iska a Indiya na kashe mutane kusan miliyan biyu a kowace shekara; shi ne na biyar mafi yawan kisa a Indiya. Indiya ce ta fi kowacce yawan mace-mace a duniya sakamakon cututtukan da suka shafi numfashi da kuma asma, a cewar WHO. A Delhi, rashin ingancin iska yana lalata huhun miliyan 2.2 ko kashi 50 na duk yara

A ranar 25 ga Nuwamba 2019, Kotun Koli ta Indiya ta yi sanarwa game da gurɓataccen yanayi a Delhi tana cewa "Delhi ya zama mafi muni fiye da *narak* (hell) ".  M shari'a na Kotun Koli Arun Mishra ya ce ya fi kyau a sami fashewa kuma a kashe kowa.

A yayin kulle-kulle na COVID-19 a Indiya, ingancin ruwan kogin Yamuna da Ganges sun inganta yayin da masana'antu ke rufe saboda kulle-kullen.     Hakanan ingancin iska ya inganta sosai yayin kulle-kullen. 

Ma'aikatar Kimiyyar Duniya ta Indiya ta buga wata takarda ta bincike a cikin Oktoba 2018 tana danganta kusan kashi 41% ga hayakin motoci, 21.5% zuwa ƙura da 18% ga masana'antu.  Daraktan Cibiyar Kimiyya da Muhalli ya yi zargin cewa ƙungiyar masu kera motoci ta Indiya suna yin katsalandan ga "rahoton" saboda "ba shi da daɗi" ga masana'antar kera motoci ... 

Indexididdigar ingancin iska na Delhi gabaɗaya tana cikin Kyau (0-50), Mai gamsarwa (51-100), da matsakaici (101-200) matakan tsakanin Maris da Satumba, sannan ya lalace sosai zuwa Talauci (201-300), mai tsanani. (301-400), ko kuma masu haɗari (401-500+) matakan a cikin Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu saboda dalilai daban-daban ciki har da kona kayan ado a lokacin Vijayadashami, fashewar wuta a lokacin Diwali, konewa,   kura ta hanya, gurɓataccen abin hawa. da yanayin sanyi.    A cikin Nuwamba 2016, a wani taron da aka sani da Babban Smog na Delhi, gurɓataccen iska ya ƙaru fiye da matakan yarda. Matakan PM2.5 da PM 10 sun kai micrograms 999 a kowace mita cubic, yayin da iyakar sa'o'i 24 na waɗannan gurɓatattun abubuwa sune 15 da 60 micrograms kowace mita cubic bi da bi.  A cewar Bloomberg, mutane 16.7 lakh (1,670,000) sun mutu sakamakon gurbataccen iska a Indiya a cikin shekarar 2019. Bugu da ari, bisa ga bayanan da ma'aikatar muhalli ta fitar a cikin 2022, Indexididdigar ingancin iska na Yankin Babban Birnin Delhi ya wuce 200 aƙalla rabin shekara. 

Matsalolin gurɓacewar muhalli na Delhi kuma yana faruwa ne sakamakon noman dabbobi, saboda hayaƙi da sauran abubuwa masu cutarwa manoma ne ke kona amfanin gonakinsu a wasu jihohi tun shekarun 1980. Kusan kashi 80 cikin 100 na filayen noma ana amfani da su ne wajen noman dabbobi, don haka noman dabbobi kuma ana iya danganta shi da matsalar gurbacewar iska a Delhi.  Ƙaddamarwa irin su tsawon kilomita 1,600 da faɗin 5km Babban bangon kore na Aravalli koren muhalli tare da Aravalli Range daga Gujarat zuwa Delhi wanda kuma zai haɗu da kewayon Sivalik Hills ana yin la'akari da dasa shuki na biliyan 1.35 (crores 135) sabbin bishiyoyi na asali. sama da shekaru 10 don yaƙar ƙazanta.  A cikin Disamba 2019, IIT Bombay, tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da Makarantar Injiniya ta McKelvey na Jami'ar Washington a St. Louis, sun ƙaddamar da Cibiyar Binciken Ingantacciyar Aerosol da iska don nazarin gurɓataccen iska a Indiya.

## Manazarta