Ales Pushkin

**Ales Pushkin** (an haife shi Aliaksandr Mikalaevich Pushkin; Belarusian Алесь Пушкын; 6 ga watan Agustan 1965 - 11 ga watan Yulin 2023) ya kasance mai zane-zane na Belarus, mai zane-zanen wasan kwaikwayo, mai wasan kwaikwayo, kuma mai kula da fasaha, kuma fursunonin siyasa. Ya kasance memba na Ƙungiyar Masu Fasaha ta Belarus.

## Tarihin rayuwa

### Ilimi
A shekara ta 1978, yana da shekaru 13, Pushkin ya shiga makarantar Jamhuriyar Republican Boarding School for Fine Arts don yara masu basira masu suna bayan I.O. Akhremchik a Belarus. Malamin ajiyarsa shine Peter Sharyp. Bayan kammala karatunsa a makarantar a shekara ta 1983, Pushkin ya ci gaba da karatunsa a fannin zane-zane da kayan ado a gidan wasan kwaikwayo da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Belarus. A shekara ta 1984, an rubuta shi cikin sojojin Soviet. Ya yi aiki a Afghanistan kuma an sake shi a shekarar 1986, bayan haka ya ci gaba da karatunsa a Cibiyar Fasaha. A cikin 1990, don difloma, ya kirkiro wani zane mai ban mamaki "The History of His School" a cikin ɗakin kwana na Jamhuriyar Republican Boarding School for Fine Arts. Hoton ya rufe yanki na murabba'in mita 215 kuma ya ɗauki watanni shida don kammalawa; har yanzu ana nuna shi a can. Hoton ya nuna Francisk Skorina, Mikhail Kleofas Oginsky, Adam Mitskevich, Andrei Tarkovsky, da Vladimir Vysotsky. Don wannan aikin an shigar da shi cikin Union of Artists of the USSR.

### Yunkurin zamantakewa

Baya ga nune-nunen fasaha mai aiki wanda ya fara a lokacin perestroika, Ales Pushkin ya shiga cikin motsi na farfadowa na kasa na Belarus. Lokaci ne na fitowa a Belarus na irin waɗannan kungiyoyin matasa na tarihi da al'adu kamar "Toloka", waɗanda suka shiga cikin maido da abubuwan tunawa, da ayyukan ilimi da suka shafi farfado da harshen Belarusian da alamomin ƙasa. A shekara ta 1988, a matsayin dalibi na jami'a na shekara ta 4, Ales Pushkin ya shirya zagaye na farko na Belarusian Popular Front.

Pushkin ya sami lambar yabo ta biyu ta Yarjejeniyar'97 '97 ta Kasa a cikin rukunin "For Courage in Art" (1999).

### Kaddamarwa
A shekara ta 1988, don shiga cikin shirya taron da aka shirya don ya dace da Ranar Tunawa da Kakanninmu, an kama Ales Pushkin na kwanaki 15. A ranar 25 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1989, a lokacin bikin cika shekaru 71 da kafuwar Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Belarus, Ales Pushkin ya gudanar da zanga-zangar farko ta Social Art a Belarus: an shirya hotunan 12 da suka saba wa akidar jihar a gaban Gidan Gwamnatin Belarus. Ɗaya daga cikin hotunan ya nuna tutar BSSR daga 1951 tare da rubutun a cikin Belarusian "Dosyts 'satsyalistychnaya', adrodzim people's Belarus!" ("Enough 'socialist', bari mu farfado da Belarus na mutane!"). Wani rukuni na masu zanga-zangar sun yi tafiya daga Cibiyar Wasanni zuwa Gidan Jarida, inda aka kama mai zane tare da mutane 130. Hukumomi sun mayar da martani tare da kamfen a cikin manema labarai game da mai zane. A ranar 31 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1989, Presidium na Babban Soviet na BSSR ta hanyar doka ta yi gyare-gyare ga Dokar Gudanarwa: karuwar alhakin amfani da alamomin da ba a yi rajista ba, kamar tutoci, alamomi, da fitila. An yanke wa Pushkin hukuncin shekaru biyu na gwaji da shekaru biyar na rashin cancanta.

## Mutuwa
Pushkin ya mutu yana da shekaru 57 a ranar 11 ga Yulin 2023 a wani asibiti inda aka sauya shi cikin gaggawa daga gidan yarin.

### MANAZARTA