Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa

**Ƙwallon ƙafa:,** wasa ce tsakanin ƙungiyoyi biyu. An ƙirƙire ta a Ingila, kuma ana waɗanda kwallo a yawancin ƙasashe irin Tarayyar Amurka, Kanada da Ostiraliya, ana kiranta **ƙwallon ƙafa**. A yawancin sauran ƙasashe ana kiranta da **ƙwallon ƙafa.** 

gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ita ce mafi shahara a wasia,n duniya. 

Tun zamanin da ake buga wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa. An ƙirƙiro wasan na zamani a Ingila me a cikin shekarar alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari takwas da sittin da ukku 1863, lokacin da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta rubuta dai-daitattun ƙa'idojin wasan.

Kowace ƙungiya tana da kuma yan wasa  goma Sha ɗaya 11 a filin wasa. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan yan wasan shine mai tsaron gida, shine kawai ɗan wasar da aka yarda ya taɓa ƙwallo da hannuwansu. Sauran goman an san su da "'yan wasan waje". Ana kuma buga wasan ne ta hanyar buga ƙwallo a cikin burin abokin hamayyar. Wasan yana da mintuna casa'in 90 na wasa, tare da hutu na mintuna goma Sha biyar 15 yayin wasan. Ana kiran shi da *Hutun rabin lokaci*. Ana kuma ƙara lokaci kaɗan Idan akayi kunnen doki bayan rabin lokaci ko bayan minti 90 zuwa lokacin, *free Kicks*, kusurwa bugawa, raunin da ya faru, *Bookings*, *substitutions* ko wani lokaci wasan da aka tsaya. Idan wasa ya ƙare a cikin kunnen doki, ana iya buga ƙarin,  lokaci tare da ramuka biyu na mintina goma Sha biyar 15 kowannensu, kuma idan har yanzu akwai ƙira, bugun fenariti ya yanke shawarar wanda ya yi nasara. Wani lokacin kuma ana tsallake ƙarin lokacin kuma wasan ya shiga cikin, bugun fanareti.

Akwai gasa da yawa don wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, ga ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa da ƙasashe. Ƙungiyoyin kwallon kafa galibi suna buga wasu ƙungiyoyi a ƙasarsu, in ban da yan Kaɗan Anan akwai jerin waɗancan banda:

*  Welsh Cardiff City da Swansea City sunyi wasa a EFL Championship (na biyu a tsarin Ingila) da kuma FA Cup ( gasar kofin)
*  Ƙungiyar Kanada Vancouver Whitecaps, Toronto FC, da CF Montreal sun buga wasa a MLS (tsarin wasannin lig na Amurika)
*  Kungiyar Monégasque A.S. Monaco tayi wasa a Ligue 1 (tsari wasa na Faransa)

Ƙungiyoyin kwallon kafa kuma suna buga wasu ƙungiyoyin a nahiyoyinsu a gasa irin su CAF Champions League da UEFA Champions League.

Akwai ƙungiyoyi 6 ( CONCACAF, CONMEBOL, CAF, UEFA, AFC, da OFC ). Kowace ƙungiya tana da nasu gasa ta nahiyar tsakanin kulob da ƙungiyoyin ƙasa. Wasu misalai sune Copa América don ƙungiyoyin ƙasa na CONMEBOL da Copa Libertadores don kulab ɗin CONMEBOL. FIF na shirya gasar ƙasa da ƙasa tsakanin Ƙungiyoyin duniya da kasashe. Kungiyoyi suna wasa a gasar cin kofin duniya na ƙungiyoyi, kuma ƙasashe suna buga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA.

Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA tana gudana duk bayan shekaru hudu tsakanin Ƙungiyoyin ƙasa, kuma ita ce wasan da ya fi shahara a duniya, har ma ya fi shahara fiye da kuma wasannin Olympic .  A wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, akwai manyan nau'ikan gasa guda biyu. A cikin “league”, dukkan kungiyoyin suna buga wasanni iri daya, to amma a cikin “kofin”, kungiyoyi suna barin gasar lokacin da suka sha kashi, har sai ƙungiyoyin biyu na ƙarshe su buga junansu don tantance wanda zai yi nasara.

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## Wanda ke buga ƙwallon kafa

Kwallon kafa itace wasan da ta shahara a duniya. Ana kuma buga ta a cikin ƙasashe fiye da kowane wasa. A zahiri, FIFA (Federation Internationale de Football Association) tana da membobi da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya . Asalin wasan duk maza ne, amma a yau maza da mata ne ke buga ta (daban, ban da wani lokaci a matakin firamare).

A Turai, manyan wasannin da za a fafata su ne Gasar Zakarun Turai ga manyan ƙungiyoyi daga manyan lig a kowace kasa a Turai. Sannan akwai UEFA Europa League wanda shine na mafi kyawun ƙungiyoyi na gaba daga kowace ƙasa memba na UEFA .

Yawancin kungiyoyin da suka yi nasara sune FC Barcelona da Real Madrid daga Spain ; Bayern Munich da Borussia Dortmund daga Jamus ; Galatasaray SK daga Turkiyya; Juventus, AC Milan da Inter Milan daga Italiya ; Liverpool, Manchester United da Manchester City daga Ingila ; Paris Saint-Germain daga Faransa da Al Ahly daga Masar . Kulob da ya fi samun nasara a duniya, dangane da sakamakon gasar cikin gida, shi ne Rangers FC daga Scotland, wacce ta lashe kofunan gasar cikin gida fiye da kowace ƙungiya a duniya. Sun lashe gasar kasar sau hamsin da hudu 54  wanda shine rikodin duniya. A watan Mayun shekarar alif dubu biyu 2000, Rangers ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta lashe kofuna guda dari 100.

## Dokoki

### Dokokin asali

: *Lura: wannan ba cikakken bayani bane*

* Bangaren da ya fi cin kwallaye ya yi nasara.Idan maki daidai yake, sakamakon shine zane.A cikin gasar kofin,ana iya samun ƙarin lokaci da a zaɓa don tantance wanda ya ci nasara.
* Jami'an a kwallon kafa game ne mai alkalin wasa da biyu linesmen .
* Ana kuma zira kwallaye ta hanyar sanya kwallo cikin ƙwallon abokan adawar,fiye da rabin layin.
** Alkalan suna da damar yin amfani da kyamarorin layin-ƙira don yanke hukunci kusa.
** Dokar *offside na* nufin cewa dole ne a sami aƙalla masu tsaron gida biyu tsakanin mai kai hari da burin masu tsaron lokacin da abokin wasan ya kai masa ƙwallo. (Wannan ba cikakken takaitaccen bayani ba: da'idar tana da rikitarwa). Yawancin lokaci, ɗaya daga cikin masu tsaron gida biyu shine mai tsaron gida.
* 'Yan wasa ba za su yi amfani da hannayensu ko hannayensu ba (ƙwallon hannu),ban da mai tsaron gida, wanda zai iya amfani da su a cikin *yankin* nasa na fansa ( *wuraren hukunci* suna gaban ƙwallaye biyun).
* Kwallon ba ya wasa idan ta ƙetare iyakokin filin.
** Idan ɗan wasa ya buga ƙwallo daga wasa a gefen filin, ɗayan ƙungiyar za ta sake jefa ƙwallon cikin wasa ( *jifa* ).
** Idan ɗan wasa ya buga ƙwallo daga wasa a ƙarshen filin, ɗayan ƙungiyar ta sake buga ƙwallo cikin wasa daga ƙusurwa ( *bugun kusurwa* ).
** Idan wani player Kicks da ball daga play a wasu ƙarshen filin, da sauran tawagar Kicks da ball baya cikin play daga kai tsaye a gaban makasudin (a *makasudin harbi* ).
* Kwallon kafa wasa ne na rabi biyu. Kowane rabin minti 45 ne. Alƙalin wasan na iya ƙara lokaci zuwa ƙarshen kowane rabin lokacin da aka jinkirta wasa saboda raunin da ya samu ko kuma an sauya shi. Akwai tazara na mintuna goma tsakanin halves.
* An ba kowace ƙungiya damar maye gurbin sau uku daga benci yayin wasan. Babu wani dan wasa da zai maye gurbin da zai iya dawowa yayin wasan.

### Dokokin hali

* Wataƙila 'yan wasa ba za su yi tafiya ko ture junan su ba ( *ɓarna* ).
* Wataƙila 'yan wasa ba za su riƙe junansu ba ko hana wasu' yan wasa isa zuwa ƙwallo ( *toshewa* ).
* Lokacin da dan wasa ya ci maki ba a ba shi izinin shiga cikin taron ba. Idan ya/ta yi za su sami katin rawaya. Hakanan ya shafi ɗaga ko cire rigar su a cikin bikin.
* Dole ne 'yan wasan su ci zarafin alkalan wasa ta kowace hanya (a baki ko a zahiri).
* Ana nuna wa 'yan wasan da suka aikata munanan laifuka katin gargaɗi. 'Yan wasan da suka aikata mugayen laifuka da gaske, ko aka nuna musu katin gargaɗi guda biyu a wasa ɗaya, za a nuna musu jan kati . An kori 'yan wasan da aka ba su jan kati daga fili kuma ba za su iya gama wasan ba. A wasu gasa (kamar Premier League a Ingila ) ba za ku rasa wasa na gaba (dakatarwa) idan kun sami jan kati, ko kuma ku karɓi katunan rawaya 5 yayin kakar.

## Manazarta