Erna Juel-Hansen

**Erna Emilie Louise Juel-Hansen** née **Drachmann** (1845-1922) marubuciya ce ta ƙasar Denmark kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata. Ta gabatar da wasan motsa jiki a cikin tsarin karatun ilimi kuma ta kafa makarantar sakandare ta farko a Denmark.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haife ta a ranar 5 ga Maris 1845 a Copenhagen, Erna Emilie Louise Drachmann 'yar likita ce Andreas Georg Drachmann (1810-92) da Vilhelmine Marie Stæhr (1820-57). Ita ce 'yar'uwar shahararren mawaki da kuma dan wasan kwaikwayo Holger Drachmann wanda ta ci gaba da dangantaka ta kusa da shi. Da ta bi sawun mahaifinta a matsayin likita amma a matsayin mace ba a shigar da ita makarantar likita ba. Maimakon haka, ta karɓi sha'awar mahaifinta a wasan motsa jiki, tana karatun ka'idar da aikin da aka kammala ta hanyar tafiyar karatu zuwa Paris a 1866. Daga baya aka horar da ita a matsayin malamar makaranta a Makarantar N. Zahle . 

A ƙarshen shekarun 1860, ta koyar a makarantar motsa jiki ta 'yan mata wacce mahaifinta ya kafa. A lokaci guda, ta yi alkawari da Niels Juel-Hansen (1841-1905, wanda ke karatu a matsayin lauya amma wanda ya raba sha'awarta ga ilimi. Dukansu biyu sun janyo hankalin ra'ayoyin Friedrich Fröbel game da ilimin yara. A shekara ta 1871, ita da saurayinta sun kirkiro makarantar sakandare ta farko a Denmark bisa ga tsarin Fröbel. Ba da daɗewa ba suka yi aure. Sun ci gaba da kafa makarantar gauraye ga yara maza da mata a 1876 amma tsarin su na zamani bai zama sananne ga iyaye ba. A shekara ta 1883, sakamakon matsalolin kudi, sun rufe makarantar. Har ila yau, aurensu ya shiga cikin matsaloli, wanda ya haifar da rabuwa a shekara ta 1894. Wannan ya haifar da Juel-Hansen mai matukar baƙin ciki kamar yadda ta kasance tana fatan yin aure mai farin ciki, na zamani wanda iyaye biyu zasu iya raba aikin kiwon 'ya'yansu huɗu.

Bayan makarantar sakandare ta rufe, ta yanke shawarar mayar da hankali kan sabon aikin, a wannan lokacin ta kafa kwalejin wasan motsa jiki a 1884, tana la'akari da aikin farko na Pehr Henrik Ling a Sweden kan koyar da ilimin jiki. Ta kuma fara rubutu, tana rufe matsalolin da matasa suka fuskanta sakamakon yadda suka girma da kuma gwagwarmayar da mata ke fuskanta a rayuwar aure, bisa ga abubuwan da ta samu na cin nasara.[1]

While her first novel *Mellem 12 og 17* (Between 12 and 17), published in 1881 under the pen-name Arne Wendt, covers the teenage fantasies of young women in a rather rudimentary way, her *En ung Dames Historie* (A Young Woman's Story, 1888) is a much more daring and gripping account of a woman's early encounters with romance. With its realistic accounts of a girl's erotic experiences with an artist, it proved very popular. The problems faced by adult women as they grow older are behind her later novels, *Terese Kærulf* (1894) and *Helsen & Co.* (1900), both partly biographical.

Juel-Hansen ta kuma shiga cikin inganta haƙƙin mata, ta zama memba mai aiki na ƙungiyar mata ta Danish da Studentersamfundet (Students Union) a 1883. A shekara ta 1905, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin mata na farko da suka shiga kwamitin *Liberale Vælgerforening* na Copenhagen (Liberal Voters Association). 

Erna Juel-Hansen ta mutu a Hornbæk a ranar 39 ga Nuwamba 1922 . 

## Manazarta