'Yan sanda masu bincike na Peru

'Yan sanda na Bincike na Peruvian (Spanish: Policía de Investigaciones del Perú, PIP) rundunar 'yan sanda ce ta Peruvian, mai kama da Ofishin Bincike na Tarayya Amurka (FBI), wanda aka yi niyyar bincika laifuka, tattara bayanai, da yaki da rushewa.[1] A shekara ta 1988, an haɗa PIP cikin 'Yan sanda na kasa na Peru, tare da wasu' yan sanda biyu, Guardia Civil (GC) da Guardia Republicana (GR), dukansu uku suna ƙarƙashin jagorancin Ma'aikatar Cikin Gida.[2]

## Tarihi
Har zuwa karni na 20, kungiyoyin 'yan sanda da yawa a Peru sun yi ayyukan bincike, gami da' yan sanda na Lima, masu tsaron jama'a da Gendarmerie na kasa, da kuma zaɓaɓɓun manyan NCOs na Sojojin Peruvian. Sashe na bincike na 'yan sanda na Lima ya samo asali ne daga 1882, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin' yan sanda na farko na birni don kafa sashen bincike a Kudancin Amurka a wannan lokacin.

## Halitta
A ranar 7 ga watan Agusta, 1919, Shugaba Augusto Bernardino Leguía Salcedo ya sanya hannu kan Dokar Dokoki mai lamba 1163 wadda ta fara sake fasalin ayyukan ‘yan sanda. Daga cikin abubuwan da wannan doka ta tanada akwai cika burin jami’an tsaro da dama na kafa wata makarantar horaswa ta musamman domin koyar da dabarun aikin ‘yan sanda.

Don aiwatar da wannan buri, Shugaban ya nemi taimakon Sarki Alfonso XIII na Sifaniya da ya turo da jami’an **Spanish Civil Guard** domin su taimaka wajen sake fasalin rundunar ‘yan sanda da kuma kafa sabuwar makarantar ‘yan sanda da aka dade ana jira. Wannan an yi shi ta hanyar Hukuncin Shugaba (Supreme Resolution) da aka fitar a ranar 4 ga Afrilu, 1921.

Shugaban wannan aikin horaswa shi ne Laftanar Kanar Pedro Pueyo na **Spanish Civil Guard**, kuma a ranar 21 ga Janairu, 1922, wannan kwamitin ya gabatar da kudirorinsu guda 14 ga Shugaban kasa da Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida. Daya daga cikin wadannan kudirori ya shafi kafa makarantar horas da jami’ai ta musamman da kuma wata sabuwar runduna mai zaman kanta da za ta dinga bincike da sa ido.

A da can, waɗanda ke neman zama jami’an **Civil Guard**, **Security Corps**, da kuma waɗanda za su shiga sabuwar **Investigation and Surveillance Brigade**, sukan yi karatu tare da daliban soja a **Makarantar Sojoji ta Chorrillos**, inda suke karkashin ma’aikatar yaki, ba ma’aikatar ‘yan sanda da harkokin cikin gida ba. Haka kuma, tsarin karatunsu da mukamansu ya kasance bisa tsarin soja, a matsayin wani bangare na rundunar sojojin kasar Peru. A lokaci guda, **CGIC** (makarantar horas da ƙwararru) ita ce kawai ke ba da horo na musamman ga jami’an da suka gama karatun farko.

A ranar 12 ga Oktoba, 1922, ranar da ake jira ta daɗewa ta zo lokacin da Shugaba Leguía ya kirkiro abin da ke *Brigade na Bincike da Kulawa* (ISB) (Brigada de Investigación y Vigilancia, BIV), an tsara shi cikin waɗannan:

* Sashe na Shugaban kasa
* 'Yan sanda na kasashen waje
* Ayyukan Bincike da Sashen Bincike
* Sashe na yatsunsu
ISB, wanda ke karkashin jagorancin Babban Jami’in Bincike na ‘Yan Sanda, wani jami’i mai mukamin janar, yana ƙarƙashin wani Injiniyan Fasaha. Don duk wani tasiri da aiki, ISB sashe ne mai zaman kansa na bincike wanda ke ƙarƙashin cikakken alhakin **Civil Guard**, wanda kuma yake bauta wa bukatun sabon rundunar **Security Corps** da aka kafa kwanan nan.

## Girma
A ranar 12 ga Maris, 1924, Hukumar Ma’aikatar Gwamnati da ‘Yan Sanda ta fitar da Hukuncin Minista wanda ya amince da tsarin **fingilintan** (fingerprinting) da Federico Olóriz Aguilera ya kirkira a Sifaniya, don a yi amfani da shi a hukumar ISB.

A ranar 26 ga watan Agusta, 1929, an inganta ISB zuwa *Bincike da Kulawa* (ISC).

A shekara ta 1933, an bude **Dakunan Gwaje-gwajen Fasaha na ‘Yan Sanda** a Lima a gaban Shugaba Oscar R. Benavides, wanda ya bai wa ISC wani wurin aiki na zamani da kuma na zamani don gudanar da ayyukan bincike.

Shekaru hudu daga baya, an bude **Dakunan Gwaje-gwajen Laifuka na Lima**.

A shekara ta 1938, an bude **Kwas ɗin Daliban NCO na Bincike** a Makarantar ‘Yan Sanda, inda a farko aka fara da dalibai NCO 100 da kuma jami’an horaswa na matakin farko.

Don a sami ingantaccen kulawa da ISC, an kafa **Daraktociyar Bincike** a shekara ta 1946. A ƙarƙashin Shugaba José Luis Bustamante, an sabunta dokar tsarin ta a shekara ta 1948 don ta dace da sauye-sauyen da ake samu a ayyukan bincike.

Magadansa, Shugaba Janar Manuel Arturo Odría, ya inganta wannan sashe zuwa **Babban Daraktociya** a cikin tsarin **Civil Guard**.

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