Cin hanci da rashawa a Cape Verde

Faruwar **cin hanci da rashawa a Cape Verde** bai da yawa sosai. Duk da yake ana ganin wannan matsala ta fi yaduwa a wasu ƙasashe da aka mallaka na Afirka, amma banda daular mulkin mallaka na Portugal. Ana danganta hakan ne da tsananin tsarin doka wanda ya haɗa da dokoki, ka'idoji, da azabtarwa waɗanda ke hana hakan kuma yana rage shi. *Transparency International* ta ambaci Cape Verde tare da Botswana, Seychelles, Rwanda, da Namibia a matsayin misalai masu kyau na ƙasashen Afirka waɗanda ke da tasiri na yaki da cin hanci da rashawa.

## Tsarin shari'a
Cape Verde ta kasance mai morar mulkin dimokuradiyya tun daga shekarun 1990 bayan ta karɓi tsarin siyasa na jam'iyyun da yawa. Tsarin shari'a wanda ke hukunta cin hanci da rashawa yana da tasirin Portuguese mai ƙarfi. Wannan tsarin shari'a kuma yayi kama da bambance-bambance na Turai na tsarin shari'ar nahiyar. Takamaiman dokoki da ke azabtar da cin hanci da rashawa sun haɗa da Dokar Shari'a ta ƙasar, wanda ke aikata laifuka cin hanci, cin hanci.

Cape Verde kuma wani bangare ne na tarurruka da yawa na yaki da cin hanci da rashawa na kasa da kasa kamar Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da Cin Hanci da rashi (UNCAC). Alkawarin da ta yi wa waɗannan yarjejeniyoyi sun haifar da dokoki da manufofi masu ƙarfi waɗanda suka sami nasarar magance cin hanci da rashawa. Manyan cibiyoyin da aka ba da umarni don hanawa da yaki da cin hanci da rashawa sun haɗa da Ma'aikatar Shari'a, Sashin Lantarki na Kudi, Kotun Audit, da Babban Sufetocin Kudi. 

## Matakan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa
Cape Verde an san ta da fitar da ita na "bayyanar budewa na nuna gaskiya", wanda shine wani ɓangare na babbar fitarwa don bude gwamnati da Shugaba Jorge Fonseca ya kafa. Abubuwan da ke cikin wannan manufofin sun haɗa da Open Data Initiatives, wanda ya haɗa da kafa dandalin bayanai mai buɗewa wanda ke ba 'yan ƙasa damar samun bayanai da gwamnati ke riƙewa. Wannan ya haɗa da kasafin kuɗi, sayen jama'a, da sauran bayanai da suka shafi hanyoyin gwamnati. Ingantaccen nuna gaskiya ba wai kawai yana ba da damar fahimtar yadda ake kashe kudaden jama'a ba har ma yana aiki don inganta adalci

Duk da yake ba a kafa dabarun kasa don rigakafin cin hanci da rashawa ba, akwai hukumomin jihohi da kayan aiki da yawa waɗanda zasu iya aiwatar da manufofin samar da kayayyaki na gaba ɗaya waɗanda suka haɗa da abubuwan da suka shafi rigakafin rashawa da tabbatar da kyakkyawan shugabanci. Misali shine Hukumar Kula da Cin Hanci da rashawa ta Kasa (CNLC), wacce aka ba da umarni don sauƙaƙewa da aiwatar da matakan yaki da cin hanci da rashi. Wannan kungiya tana aiki tare da wasu hukumomin gwamnati, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, da abokan hulɗa na duniya tare da manufar karfafa tsarin yaki da cin hanci da rashawa na Cape Verde.

A shekara ta 2007, Transparency International ta gano Cape Verde a matsayin wani ɓangare na manyan ƙasashe goma na Afirka waɗanda suka nuna mafi ƙasƙanci na cin hanci da rashawa a yankin. Kasar ta ci gaba da wannan bambanci a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. A cikin 2013, Shugaban Amurka Barack Obama ya bayyana Cape Verde a matsayin labarin nasara, yana mai ambaton ci gaban kasar da aka kawo ta hanyar kyakkyawan shugabanci da gudanarwa.

## Ƙalubalen
Duk da nasarorin da ta samu a kokarin yaki da cin hanci da rashawa, Cape Verde har yanzu tana fama da wasu lokuta na cin hanci na rashawa kamar cin hanci a matakin birni. Wadannan sun hada da zarge-zargen tallafi da cin hanci da rashawa a cikin ayyukan ababen more rayuwa da sauran hanyoyin kashe kudi da sayen jama'a. Don magance wannan matsala, Cape Verde ta sake fasalin Dokar Shari'a don a tsawaita dokar iyakoki, ta rufe laifuka da suka shafi cin hanci da rashawa da cinikin tasiri. Har ila yau, gwamnati ta kafa Majalisar Cin Hanci da rashawa a cikin 2019, wanda aka ba shi aikin gano yankuna a cikin tattalin arziki da ke cikin haɗarin cin hanci da rashi da kuma kimanta ingancin matakan yaki da cin hanci.

## Manazarta