Masarautar Potiskum

**Masarautar** **Potiskum** masarauta ce ta gargajiya a Najeriya, tana da hedikwata a Potiskum, Jihar Yobe. Sarkin yana da lakabin "Mai".

Mutanen Ngizim ne suka kafa Masarautar a shekarar 1809. A shekarar 1913 Turawan mulkin mallaka na Ingila suka hade ta zuwa Masarautar Fika. A shekara ta 2000 kuma an sake mayar da ita masarautu mai cin gashin kanta. Masarautar Fika da Potiskum duka suna da hedikwatarsu a cikin garin Potiskum.

## Masarautar asali
Mutanen Ngizim ne suka shirya Masarautar Potiskum. Wani Sarkin Ngizim mai suna Mai Bauya ko Buyan ne ya kafa masarautar a shekarar 1809. A karni na 19 mutanen Masarautar Misau sukan kai hari kasar Karaikarai. Sarkin Misau Amadu (a shekara ta 1834 zuwa shekarar 1848) ya kwace babban birnin kasar Potiskum. Usuman (a shekara ta 1848 zuwa shekarar 1861) da Sale (a shekara ta 1861 zuwa shekarar 1885) suma sun kai hari a Karaikarai. A cikin  shekarar alif 1901 Masarautar Potiskum ta zama wani yanki na Biritaniya na Arewacin Najeriya.

## Masarautar Fika
Masarautar Fika dake makwabtaka da Potiskum Bolewa ne suka kafa Masarautar Fika, wanda aka ce asalin Kanembu ne. Sun kaura zuwa yankin suka mallake mutanen Ngamo na yankin da Kare kare da mutanen Ngizim.  Garin Fika, babban birnin gargajiya ne, yana da kusan  da kudancin Potiskum. Sarkin Fika na daya daga cikin Sarakunan Mulkin Mallaka da kuma Arewacin Najeriya a yanzu.  A shekarar 1909 aka hade yankin yammacin Potiskum zuwa Masarautar Fika, sannan a ranar 13 ga watan Mayun shekarar 1913 kuma an hade bangaren gabas zuwa Fika domin shawo kan masu mulkin mallaka a lokacin.  A lokacin hadewar Masarautar Fika tana da yawan jama'a 25,400 da suka hada da Bolewa, Ngizimawa, Ngamawa, da mutanen Karekare, mai fadin  Masarautar Potiskum tana da yawan jama'a 11,500 tare da fadin    . 

Don haka Masarautar Fika tana da iko a kan mutanen Bolewa, Ngizim da Ngamawa na Fina da Gadaka.  

A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya (a shekara ta 1914. Zuwa shekarar 1918) an sami tashin hankali kan mulkin mallaka. A shekara ta 1915 a garin Potiskum na lokacin mai mulkin Potiskum (Ngizim).  Turawan mulkin mallaka ne suka tube shi. Ya ci gaba da rike Potiskum na wani lokaci kafin sojojin gwamnati tare da *Dogarai* daga Fika suka yi galaba a kansa a karshen watan Mayun shekarar 1915.  A cikin shekarun 1920s aka gina babbar hanyar gabas zuwa yamma ta Potiskum, wadda ta zama cibiyar kasuwanci da siyasa.  Kotun sarki ta koma Potiskum a shekara ta 1924.  A cikin shekarun 1950s kungiyar Ngizim da Karekare Union suna wakiltar al'ummar lardin Bornu, masu kawance da Northern Elements Progressive Union (NEPU). Kabilar Bolewa mai mulki ta kasance jam'iyyar NPC ce mai rinjaye. 

Gwamnan jihar Yobe, Bukar Ibrahim ne ya sake gina masarautun Potiskum a ranar 5 ga watan Agustan shekarar 1993, lokacin da ya raba masarautu hudu na jihar zuwa 13. Wannan sauyi dai ya samu koma bayan gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Sani Abacha da ta karbe mulki a wannan shekarar. 

## Masarautar zamani
A wa'adinsa na biyu bayan komawar mulkin dimokuradiyya, a ranar 6 ga Janairun shekarar 2000, Gwamnan Yobe Bukar Ibrahim ya sake aiwatar da sabbin masarautun, inda ya kara da Gazargamo, Gujba, Nguru, Tikau, Pataskum, Yusufari, Gudi, Fune da Jajere.  An yi masarautu hudu ne kawai lokacin da aka kirkiro Jihar Yobe. Yanzu sun kai goma sha uku.  Sarkin Fika, Muhammadu Abali, ya yi zanga-zangar nuna rashin amincewa da rabuwar masarautarsa, inda ya kai gwamnati kotu, amma a karshe ya amince da canjin. 

A watan Mayun shekarar 2007 Mai Martaba Sarkin Potiskum Umaru Bubaram Ibn Wuriwa Bauya ya godewa jama’a da suka bayar da gudunmawar Naira miliyan 32 daga cikin Naira miliyan 51 da aka yi amfani da su wajen gina sabon fadarsa.  Gwamnan mai barin gado Bukar Ibrahim ne ya kaddamar da fadar ta zamani.  Fadar ta kasance wurin taron a watan Janairun shekarar 2009 na shugabannin siyasa da suka hada da Shugaban Majalisar Dattawa David Mark, Tsoffin Shugabannin Majalisar Dattawa Anyim Pius Anyim da Adolphus Wabara da sauran su, inda suka nuna girmamawa ga Gwamnan Jihar, Sanata Mamman Bello Ali wanda ya mutu kawai.  A watan Yunin shekarar 2010 Sarkin Potiskum ya ba tsohon kwamishinan kudi na jihar Alhaji Mohamed Hassan lakabin "Turakin Potiskum" bisa irin gudunmawar da ya bayar wajen ci gaban jihar.  A watan Maris, shekara ta 2011 Sarki Umaru Bubaram ya ba da goyon bayansa ga yakin neman zaben Ibrahim Geidam a karo na biyu a matsayin gwamnan Yobe a dandalin jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP). 

A watan Yulin shekarar 2010 Sarki Umaru Bubaram ya goyi bayan shawarar da Sarkin Fika Muhammadu Abali ya gabatar na mayar da tsohon gidan yarin Potiskum gidan tarihi.  A watan Agustan shekarar 2012 a cikin watan Ramadan Majalisar Masarautar Pataskum ta raba buhunan gero da masara ta Guinea ga mabukata a karkashin shirin zakka ta Musulunci. Mutanen Masarautar ne suka ba da gudummawar abincin. 

### Hare-hare
A watan Mayun shekarar 2012 sama da mutane 30 ne aka kashe a wani hari da aka kai a kasuwar Potiskum. Da farko dai ana alakanta shi da kungiyar Boko Haram mai kaifin kishin Islama, daga baya an yi tunanin cewa 'yan fashi da makami ne ke da alhakin kai harin. Sarkin Umaru Bubaram ya ziyarci wurin inda ya yi Allah wadai da harin. 

#### Boko Haram
An yi harbe-harbe a wani coci da ke Potiskum a ranar 25 ga watan Disamba, shekara Ra 2012.

A ranar 3 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 2014, wani harin kunar bakin wake da aka kai a tattakin ‘yan Shi’a a Potiskum ya kashe mutane 15. A ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, wani harin kunar bakin wake da aka kai a makarantar sakandaren Potiskum ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar dalibai sama da 40.  Wasu fusatattun mutane sun ki baiwa sojoji ko kwamishinan ‘yan sandan jihar damar zuwa wurin da lamarin ya faru. Sarakunan Fika da Potiskum sun ce sun yi kira ga dattijai a yankunansu da su wayar da kan jama’a kan bukatar ba jami’an tsaro damar gudanar da ayyukansu. 

A ranar 5 ga watan Yuli, shekara ta   2015, mutane biyar da maharin sun mutu a wani harin kunar bakin wake a Potiskum.

A ranar 14 ga watan janairun shekarar 2020 ne wasu ‘yan bindiga suka kai wa ayarin motocin Sarkin Potiskum Umaru Bubaram da wasu matafiya hari a hanyar Kaduna zuwa Zariya wanda ya yi sanadin mutuwar mutane 30 da suka hada da hudu daga cikin hadiman sarkin.  Sarkin ya tsallake rijiya da baya ta hanyar da sauri ya bar motarsa a inda aka kai harin ya yi tattaki a cikin daji na tsawon sa’o’i biyu. 

## Masu mulki
Daga 1809 zuwa 1858 masu mulki sun dauki taken Kachalla. Su ne: 
 
 

* 1809-1817 Bauya I
* 1817–1820 Awany (Awani)
* 1820-1825 Kuduskunai
* 1825–1830 Dungari (Dangari)
* 1830–1832 Dawi (Dowi)
* 1832–33 Darama (Kunancibai)
* 1833-34 Mele
* 1834–35 Malam Bundi I (ya rasu 1835)
* 1835–1856 Misgai
* 1856-1858 Jaji I

Daga 1858 sarakunan sun ɗauki taken "Mai".  Sun kasance:[2]

* 1858-1866 Nego (Nejo)
* 1866–1893 Namiyanmda (Numainda)
* 1893–1902 Gabau (Gubbo)
* 1902-1909 Bundi II
* 1909 - 13 Mayu 1913 Agudum

Sarakunan da suke karkashin masarautar Fika su ne:[2].

* 1913-1919 Jaji II (lokaci na farko)
* 1919-1924 Vungm
* 1924–1927 Gankiyau
* 1927-1933 Bundi III
* 1933 (watanni 3) Jaji II (lokaci na biyu)
* 1933-1957 Bauya II
* 1957-1984 Hassan
* 1984–1993 Shuaibu

Sarakunan masarautar Pataskum daga 1993 zuwa 1995 su ne:[2].

* 5 ga Yuni 1993 (kwana 53) Muhammad Atiyaye (b. 1934 – d. 1993).
* 5 Agusta 1993 – 11 Yuni 1995 Umaru Bubaram Ibn Wuriwa Bauya (b. 1942).

Bayan da aka yi yarjejeniya tsakanin 1995 zuwa 2000, an maido da masarautu a ranar 6 ga Janairu, 2000. Masu mulki tun lokacin:

* 6 Janairu 2000 – Umaru Bubaram Ibn Wuriwa Bauya (an dawo dashi)

## Manazarta