Patricia Hoey

**Patricia Hoey** (an haife ta a ranar 15 ga ga watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1883 - 9 ga Nuwamba 1930) 'yar jaridar Irish ce, mai tsattsauran ra'ayi kuma mai kishin kasa.

## Rayuwa ta farko da iyali
An haifi Patricia Hoey Ethel Mary Hoey a 7 Trafalgar Terrace, Dublin a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba 1883. Iyayenta sune Edmond da Margaret Hoey (née Mulchinock). Kakan mahaifiyarta shine William Pembroke Mulchinock, wanda ake zaton ya kirkiro The *Rose na Tralee*, kuma kawunta John Mulchinock ne. Mahaifin Hoey ya mutu a ranar 3 ga Maris 1887, wanda ya bar gwauruwarsa da £ 78 kawai kuma yana da ciki sosai da ɗanta na biyu, Edmund Joseph wanda aka haifa a ranar 15 ga Afrilu. Babu wani rikodin yarantakar Hoey ko ilimi. Ya bayyana cewa mahaifiyarta ta sake yin aure, kuma iya zama iyalin suka koma Ingila. A cikin shekarun 1920 an bayyana Hoey a matsayin mai tallafawa mahaifiyarta wacce aka rubuta a matsayin 'Mrs Clive Howard' kuma 'yar'uwarta wacce aka bayyana a matsayin kurma da wawa.

## Rayuwa a Ingila
Hoey tana zaune a Ingila a watan Mayu 1909, inda ta halarci taron United Irish League (UIL) na Burtaniya. An bayyana ta a matsayin sakatariyar girmamawa ta reshen majalisar dokokin London. Hoey ta kira shi a matsayin ƙwararren ɗan jarida daga shugaban UIL Joseph Devlin, lokacin da ƙungiyar ta amince da buga wata sanarwa ta kowane wata. Daga 1909 zuwa 1910 Hoey yana aiki a matsayin ɗan jarida mai zaman kansa da kuma mai gudanar da kasuwanci mai zaman kansa. Ta kasance janar manajan baje kolin kasuwanci na kasa da kasa a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1909, kuma ta yi iƙirarin kasancewa mace ta farko da aka nada a wannan matsayi, tana kula da maza 200. Bayan wannan, ta koma aiki ne kawai a matsayin 'yar jarida, tana ba da gudummawa ga The Times, Daily Telegraph, Daily Mirror, da The Stage . Ta rubuta littafi, Menene editoci suke so: littafi mai tushe ga kowane marubuci mai zaman kansa tare da Max Rittenberg a cikin 1909.

A ranar 18 ga Yuni 1910, Hoey ta halarci wata tafiya ta mata sama da 10,000 zuwa Albert Hall a matsayin sakatare ga reshen majalisa na UIL. A watan Yulin 1910, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin masu magana 160 a zanga-zangar da aka yi a Hyde Park . An sanar da Hoey a matsayin shugaban farko na sabuwar kungiyar Irish Women's Franchise League (IWFL), London a cikin Freeman's Journal a ranar 15 ga Maris 1911. Common Cause ta sanar da cewa an nada ta sakatariyar yada labarai a ranar 20 ga Afrilu 1911 tare da aikin samun rahotanni masu kyau da cikakkun bayanai game da motsi na sufuri a cikin takardun London. Hoey ya bi Hanna Sheehy-Skeffington da Kathleen Shannon zuwa ganawa da John Redmond a ranar 27 ga Yuli 1911 don tambayar shi da Jam'iyyar Majalisar Dokokin Irish (IPP) don tallafawa dokar zaɓen mata, wanda ya ki. Ta kasance daga cikin tawagar Irish da ta sadu da Firayim Minista H. H. Asquith a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1911 game da 'yancin mata a karkashin dokar mulkin gida. Hoey ta yanke alakarta da UIL da IPP a cikin 1912, ta yi murabus a matsayin sakatariyar, inda ta yi nuni da kin amincewar jam'iyyar ta goyi bayan 'yancin mata yana mai cewa cin amanar kishin kasa ce ta Irish: "Ba wai kawai muna aiki ne don' yancin mata ba amma don tsattsarkan Dalili na Ireland. Jam'iyyar Irish tana neman Home Rule don wani sashi na Ireland - muna neman shi ga dukan Ireland.

## Rayuwa a Ireland
Hoey ta bar Ingila zuwa Kanada a watan Yunin 1913, yana tafiya daga Liverpool zuwa Quebec a kan *Teutonic* . Ta yi aiki ga gwamnatin Kanada, tana gudanar da bincike kan manoma na maple-syrup. Ta koma Ireland a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 1916, inda aka nada ta don yin bincike game da shari'o'in taimakon waje da rarraba kwal da aka rubuta a cikin littattafan jami'in da ke taimakawa. A ranar 22 ga Fabrairu ta ba da jawabi game da ƙungiyar mata a Kanada. Ta shiga Ard Craobh Cumann na mBan kuma an ajiye ta a Otal din Imperial a kan titin O'Connell a karkashin umurnin Frank Thornton a lokacin Easter Rising . Kwamandan Seamus Daly ya bayyana cewa tana kula da mata 7-8 Cumann na mBan, kuma ta ce ita ce "mafi ƙwarewa da aiki tuƙuru a duk lokacin". Hoey ne ke kula da kwashe mata daga otal din lokacin da aka jefa bam.

Bayan tashin hankali, Hoey ta shiga cikin Sinn Féin . A watan Yulin 1917 a wani taron IWFL ta bayyana cewa rashin goyon bayan IPP ga 'yancin mata zai haifar da mutuwar jam'iyyar. A cewar wani fayil na gwamnatin Burtaniya, an dauki Hoey a matsayin daya daga cikin masu yada labarai a Dublin a matsayin memba na Sinn Féin da Cumann na mBan . A lokaci guda, gwamnatin Burtaniya ta yi mata aiki na ɗan lokaci, kuma ta yi iƙirarin cewa an ba ta matsayi na dindindin idan ta yi watsi da Sinn Féin kuma ta yi rantsuwa. Ta ki kuma an kore ta. A lokacin yakin neman 'yancin kai, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai farfaganda ga Sinn Féin kuma a matsayin sakatariyar sirri ga Arthur Griffith . Ta kuma rike ofishin sirri ga Michael Collins a gidanta a 5 Mespil Road karkashin sunan O'Brien . A wannan gidan, Hoey a wasu lokuta yana karbar bakuncin tarurrukan majalisa, tare da Collins yana amfani da shi azaman ofis a rana don tarurruka. Collins ne ya nada Hoey sakatare a kotunan Dáil a kan titin Henry. Sojojin Burtaniya masu taimakawa sun mamaye 5 Mespil Road na awanni 24 a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1921 a cikin ƙoƙari na kama Collins ba tare da saninsa ba. Hoey ta kewaye su ta hanyar yin kamar mahaifiyarta ba ta da lafiya kuma ta kira Dr Alice Barry wanda ya ɗauki takardu daga gidan, ya kai su Collins tare da gargadi don ya tafi. An sace gidan Hoey, tare da kayanta ko kuma an lalata ta, kuma an ɗaure ta a Kurkukun Mountjoy na makonni da yawa har sai an sake ta a watan Yuni saboda rashin wata shaida a kanta. A lokacin da take kurkuku, tare da wasu mata, Collins ta aiko mata da abubuwa kamar littattafai, abinci, da shayi.

Bayan yin yarjejeniyar a watan Yulin 1921, Griffith ta nemi ta yi aiki a tattaunawar game da Ulster. Hoey ta kasance mai goyon bayan yarjejeniya, kuma ya shiga cikin Sojojin Kasa a matsayin mataimakin mai tantance soja a ranar 20 ga Yuni 1922, yana aiki a karkashin Piaras Béaslaí . Béaslaí daga baya ta bayyana cewa ta yi daidai da aikin da takwarorinta maza, tana aiki a ƙarƙashin babban haɗari. Bayan yakin basasa, ta yi ƙoƙari ta shiga siyasa, a matsayin memba mai kafa kungiyar mata masu zaman kansu, kuma daga baya ta yi nasara ba a Zaben Seanad na 1925. Ta fuskanci shakku daga gwamnatin Irish Free State, wadanda ba sa son biyan ta fansho. Ta nemi Béaslaí, Kevin O'Higgins, da William Cosgrave, amma an ba ta kyautar £ 24.3.4 kawai.

A watan Yulin 1926, Hoey ta shirya wani asibiti don kula da dabbobi marasa lafiya na matalauta a Portobello Harbour, Dublin. Ta yi nasara sosai, har ya zama maraice mai maimaitawa a kowace Laraba da Asabar. A shekara ta 1926 tana aiki ga jaridar Hearst. Hoey ta ɓace daga rubuce-rubuce har zuwa Janairu 1929, lokacin da mahaifiyarta ta nemi gwamnati ta biya kuɗi lokacin da ta ambaci rashin lafiyar 'yarta. Hoey ya mutu a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba 1930 na tarin fuka a asibitin Our Lady of Lourdes, Kill of the Grange, Dublin . An binne ta a Kabari na Glasnevin, tare da jana'izarta da Colonel Joseph O'Reilly ya halarta wanda ke wakiltar Shugaba Cosgrave, Richard Mulcahy da Mai Shari'a John Reddin da sauransu.

## Manazarta