Bill Viola

**William John Viola Jr**. (Janairu 25, 1951 - Yuli 12, 2024) ɗan wasan bidiyo ne na Amurkawanda fasahar fasaha ta dogara da na'urar lantarki, sauti, da fasahar hoto a cikin sabbin kafofin watsa labarai.Ayyukansa suna mayar da hankali kan ra'ayoyin da ke bayan ainihin abubuwan ɗan adam kamar haihuwa, mutuwa, da kuma sassan hankali.
## rayuwa da ilimi
An haifi William John Viola Jr a ranar 25 ga Janairu, 1951, a Flushing, Queens, New York, kuma ya girma a Queens da Westbury.Ya halarci P.S. 20, a Flushing, inda ya kasance kyaftin na TV Squad. A lokacin hutu a cikin tsaunuka tare da iyalinsa, ya kusa nutsewa a cikin wani tafkin, abin da ya kwatanta da"... mafi kyawun duniya da na taɓa gani a rayuwata" da "ba tare da tsoro ba," da "aminci."A cikin 1973, Viola ta sauke karatu daga Jami'ar Syracuse tare da Bachelor a Fine Arts a cikin nazarin gwaji.Viola ya bayyana makarantar a matsayin na gargajiya kuma ya dauki kansa a matsayin "daya daga cikin mafi munin masu zane a cikin aji."Ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Syracuse College of Visual and Performing Arts, ciki har da shirin gwaji na Synapse, wanda ya samo asali zuwa CitrusTV.

## Sana'a
Daga 1973 zuwa 1980, Viola yayi karatu kuma yayi tare da mawaki David Tudor a cikin sabon rukunin kiɗan "Rainforest" (daga baya mai suna "Composers Inside Electronics"). Daga 1974 zuwa 1976, Viola ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan fasaha a Art / kaset / 22 , wani ɗakin bidiyo na farko na jagorancin Maria Gloria Conti Bicocchi, a Florence, Italiya inda ya ci karo da masu fasahar bidiyo Nam June Paik, Bruce Nauman, da Vito Acconci.Daga 1976 zuwa 1983, ya kasance mai zane-zane-gida a WNET Television Laboratory a New York. A cikin 1976 da 1977, ya yi tafiya zuwa tsibiran Solomon, Java, da Indonesiya don yin rikodin wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya.
An gayyaci Viola don nuna aiki a Jami'ar La Trobe (Melbourne, Ostiraliya) a cikin 1977, ta darektan fasahar al'adu Kira Perov. Viola da Perov daga baya sun yi aure, sun fara muhimmiyar haɗin gwiwar rayuwa a cikin aiki da tafiya tare. A cikin 1980, sun zauna a Japan na shekara ɗaya da rabi akan Japan/US Hadin gwiwar musayar al'adu inda suka yi karatun addinin Buddah tare da Zen Master Daien Tanaka. A wannan lokacin, Viola kuma ta kasance mai zane-zane a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje na Atsugi na Kamfanin Sony.Viola ita ce 1998, Getty Scholar-in-zauni a Cibiyar Bincike ta Getty, Los Angeles. Daga baya, a cikin 2000, an zabe shi zuwa Cibiyar Nazarin Arts da Kimiyya ta Amurka. A cikin 2002, ya kammala Going Forth By Day, wani dijital "fresco" sake zagayowar a cikin high-definition video, wanda Deutsche Guggenheim Berlin ya ba da izini da Guggenheim Museum, New York.A cikin 2003, an nuna abubuwan sha'awar a Los Angeles, London, Madrid, da Canberra. Wannan wani babban tarin ayyukan motsa jiki ne na Viola, ayyukan jinkirin motsi da aka yi wahayi daga al'adu a cikin zanen ibada na Renaissance.Tarihin farko na Viola, mai suna Viola akan Vídeo, Federico Utrera (Jami'ar King Juan Carlos) ne ya rubuta kuma aka buga a Spain a cikin 2011.
## Mutuwa
Matar Viola kuma mai haɗin gwiwa na dogon lokaci shine Kira Perov. Yana da 'ya'ya maza biyu. Viola ta mutu daga rikice-rikice na cutar Alzheimer a gida a Long Beach, California, a ranar 12 ga Yuli, 2024, tana da shekaru 73.

## Manazarta