Manufar Ci Gaban Ci Gaban 16

**Manufar Ci Gaban Ci gaba mai dorewa 16** (**SDG 16** ko **Manufar Duniya 16**) tana ɗaya daga cikin 17 Manufofin Ci Gaban Ci Gaban mai dorewar da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kafa a cikin 2015, kalmomin hukuma sune: "Yin inganta al'ummomi masu zaman lafiya da hada kai don Ci gaba mai ɗorewa, samar da damar yin adalci ga kowa da kuma gina cibiyoyin da suka hada kai a duk matakan". Manufar tana da manufofi 12 da alamomi 23.

SDG 16 tana da manufofi goma na sakamako: Rage tashin hankali; kare yara daga cin zarafi, cin zarafi da tashin hankali; inganta mulkin doka da tabbatar da daidaito ga adalci; yaki da aikata laifuka da aka tsara da cin hanci da rashawa; haɓaka ingantaccen, masu lissafi da kuma cibiyoyin bayyane; tabbatar da amsawa, hadawa da wakilci; karfafa shiga cikin shugabancin duniya; samar da ikon jama'a ga bayanai da kuma kare 'yanci na asali. Har ila yau, akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na aiwatar da manufofi [1]: Karfafa cibiyoyin ƙasa don hana tashin hankali da yaki da aikata laifuka da ta'addanci; ingantawa da aiwatar da dokoki da manufofinsu marasa nuna bambanci. 

## Tarihi
Manufofin Ci Gaban Ci Gaban sune tarin manufofi 17 na duniya da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kafa. Manufofin suna da alaƙa da juna duk da cewa kowannensu yana da nasa manufofi don cimma. SDGs sun rufe batutuwan ci gaban zamantakewa da tattalin arziki da yawa.

SDG 16 tana magana game da bukatar inganta zaman lafiya da cibiyoyin hada kai. Yankunan ingantawa sun haɗa da misali: rage mummunan tashin hankali, rage mutuwar fararen hula a rikice-rikice, da kuma kawar da fataucin mutane.

Da yawa daga cikin SDGs da manufofi suna mai da hankali kan mutanen da aka ware kuma "neman kara yawan jama'a da kuma inganta adalci". SDG 16 tana da karfi a kan al'ummomi da cibiyoyi masu hadawa. A matakin duniya, SDG 16 na iya samun tasirin jagora akan hada kai a cikin shugabancin duniya, musamman ga ƙasashe masu tasowa. Koyaya, wani bincike na meta a cikin 2022 ya nuna cewa "magana da aiki ba su dace ba idan ya zo ga tasirin Manufofin Ci Gaban Ci Gaban kan hada kai a ciki da tsakanin ƙasashe".

## Manufofin, Alamomi da Ci gaba
SDG 16 yana da manufofi goma sha biyu da alamomi ashirin da hudu. Uku daga cikin manufofi sun ƙayyade ajanda a shekara ta 2030. Da ke ƙasa akwai jerin dukkan manufofi tare da gajeren sigar da kuma dogon sigar lakabi. Babu bayanai da ke akwai har yanzu don alamomi masu zuwa: 16.4.1, 16.4.2, 16.6.2, 16.7.1, 16.7.2, 16.b.1 . Ga duk sauran alamomi, bayanai da taswirar duniya suna samuwa don ganin ci gaba.

### Manufar 16.1: Rage tashin hankali a ko'ina
Tsawon taken: "Yana rage dukkan nau'ikan tashin hankali da yawan mutuwar da ke da alaƙa a ko'ina". 

Wannan burin yana da alamomi huɗu: 

* Mai nuna 16.1.1 Yawan wadanda aka kashe da gangan ga kowane mutum 100,000, ta hanyar shekaru.
* Mai nuna 16.1.2 Mutuwar da ke da alaƙa da rikici ga kowane mutum 100,000, ta hanyar shekaru da dalilin.
* Mai nuna 16.1.3 Rarraba yawan mutanen da ke fuskantar (a) tashin hankali na jiki, (b) tashin hankali da (c) tashin hankali a cikin watanni 12 da suka gabata.
* Mai nuna 16.1.4 Rarraba yawan mutanen da ke jin lafiya suna tafiya su kaɗai a kusa da yankin da suke zaune.

An rarraba tashin hankali na girmamawa (HBV) ba kawai kisan kai ko tashin hankali ba, amma kuma nasarar da aka samu na imani na addini, yawanci wani namiji ne ke yi. Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kiyasta cewa ana kashe mata kusan 5,000 a kowace shekara dangane da HBV. Koyaya, ainihin adadin ya ninka sau da yawa saboda rashin ƙarfi na gudanar da waɗannan laifuka. Hukumomi ba sa son bayar da rahoton kididdigar da za ta iya shafar martabarsu ta duniya ko kuma an ba su cin hanci don kare sunan iyali. Manufar 16.5 ta nuna cewa tana ƙara manufar cin hanci, kuma Manufar 16.2 ta nuna rashin aikata laifuka da aka ruwaito.

### Manufar 16.2: Kare yara daga cin zarafi, cin zarafi da cin zarafi

Tsawon taken: "Ƙarshen cin zarafi, cin zarafi. "

Wannan burin yana da alamomi uku: 

* Mai nuna 16.2.1: Rarraba yara masu shekaru 1-17 waɗanda suka fuskanci kowane hukunci na jiki da / ko tashin hankali na tunani daga masu kulawa a cikin watan da ya gabata.
* Mai nuna 16.2.2: Yawan wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane a kowace shekara 100,000, ta hanyar jima'i, shekaru da kuma nau'in cin zarafi.
* Mai nuna 16.2.3: Rabin samari mata da maza masu shekaru 18-29 waɗanda suka fuskanci cin zarafin jima'i tun suna da shekaru 18.

Ɗaya daga cikin manufofi shine ganin ƙarshen fataucin jima'i, aikin tilas, da duk wani nau'i na tashin hankali da azabtar da yara. Yana da wahala a saka idanu kan wannan manufa duk da haka saboda babu isasshen bayanai game da wasu nau'ikan aikata laifuka, misali azabtar da yara. Rikicin da masu kula da su ke yi wa yara ya yadu. Cutar COVID-19 ta duniya ta kara kalubalen kariya ta yara da sabis na kiwon lafiya na hankali. Tare da wannan da ke faruwa a duniya a halin yanzu, babu wata ƙasa da ke kan hanya don kawar da duk nau'ikan tashin hankali da inganta lafiyar kwakwalwa da jin daɗi kamar yadda Agenda for Sustainable Development alkawuran 2030

### Manufar 16.a: Karfafa cibiyoyin kasa don hana tashin hankali da yaki da aikata laifuka da ta'addanci
Cikakken rubutun Target 16.a: "Ƙarfafa cibiyoyin ƙasa masu dacewa, gami da hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa, don gina iyawa a kowane mataki, musamman a kasashe masu tasowa, don hana tashin hankali da yaki da ta'addanci da aikata laifuka. "  Yana da alamar guda ɗaya.

Mai nuna 16.a.1 shine "Kasancewar cibiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam masu zaman kansu na kasa daidai da ka'idodin Paris".

### Manufar 16.b: Ingantawa da aiwatar da dokoki da manufofi marasa nuna bambanci
Cikakken rubutun Target 16.b: "Yana ingantawa da aiwatar da dokoki da manufofi marasa nuna bambanci don Ci gaba mai ɗorewa".  Yana da alamar guda ɗaya.

Mai nuna 16.b.1 shine "Rashin yawan jama'a da ke bayar da rahoton cewa da kansa ya ji an nuna bambanci ko kuma an tsananta shi a cikin watanni 12 da suka gabata bisa tushen nuna bambanci da aka haramta a karkashin dokar kare hakkin dan adam ta duniya".

### Hukumomin kula da gida
Hukumomin kula da tsaro suna da alhakin saka idanu da bayar da rahoto game da alamomi: 

* Mai nuna 16.1.1: Ofishin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Magunguna da Laifi (UNODC) da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO).
* Mai nuna 16.1.2: Ofishin Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 'Yancin Dan Adam (OHCHR) 
* Mai nuna 16.1.3 da 16.1.4: Ofishin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Magunguna da Laifi (UNODC) 
* Mai nuna 16.2.1 da 16.2.3: Asusun Gaggawa na Yara na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNICEF) 
* Masu nuna 16.2.2, 16.3.2 da 16.5.1: Ofishin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Magunguna da Laifi (UNODC) 
* Mai nuna 16.4.1: Ofishin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Magunguna da Laifi (UNODC), da Taron Majalisar Dinkinobho kan Ciniki da Ci Gaban (UNTAD) 
* Mai nuna 16.4.2: Ofishin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Magunguna da Laifi (UNODC), da Ofishin Majalisar Dokoki na Harkokin Kashe MakamaiOfishin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Harkokin Kashe Makamai
* Mai nuna 16.5.2: Bankin Duniya (WB) da Ofishin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Magunguna da Laifi (UNODC) 
* Mai nuna 16.6.1: Bankin Duniya (WB) 
* Mai nuna 16.6.2 kuma don masu nunawa biyu a ƙarƙashin Manufar 16.7: Shirin Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNDP)  
* Mai nuna 16.8.1: Ma'aikatar Tattalin Arziki da Harkokin Jama'a-Financing for Development Office (DESA / FFDO) 
* Mai nuna 16.9.1: Sashen Harkokin Tattalin Arziki da Jama'a-Sashe (DESA / UNSD) da Asusun Gaggawa na Yara na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNICEF) 
* Mai nuna 16.10.1, 16.a.1 da 16.b.1: Ofishin Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 'Yancin Dan Adam (OHCHR) 
* Mai nuna 16.10.2: Ƙungiyar Ilimi, Kimiyya, da Al'adu ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNESCO) 

## Ƙungiyoyin
Shirin Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNDP) shine cibiyar Ci gaban duniya ta Majalisar Dinkinobho wacce ta shafi SDG 16. Saboda haka, Shirin yana mai da hankali kan mulkin dimokuradiyya da gina zaman lafiya. Har ila yau, UNDP tana aiki a kan rigakafin rikice-rikice ta hanyar karfafa matasa, musamman mata. Har ila yau, suna da niyyar tallafawa tsarin da tsari da kuma aiki a matsayin matsakanci.

## Manazarta