Binciken Botanical na Indiya

**Binciken Tsirrai na Indiya** ( **BSI** ) wata cibiya ce ta gwamnati da ke Kolkata, West Bengal, Indiya. An kafa ta a ranar 13 ga Fabrairu, 1890 a lokacin mulkin British Raj a Indiya kuma yanzu tana ƙarƙashin Ma'aikatar Muhalli, Daji da Sauyin Yanayi ta Indiya .  BSI tana da alhakin bincike da kiyaye arzikin shuke-shuke na Indiya, flora da nau'ikan da ke fuskantar barazanar ɓacewa na Indiya, binciken tsirrai, tattarawa da kula da germs da bankin kwayoyin halitta na nau'ikan shuke-shuke da ke fuskantar barazanar ɓacewa, haƙƙin mallaka da masu rauni, da kuma bayar da gudummawa ga binciken taxonomic. 

## Tarihi

Kamfanin East India Company (EIC) ne ya kafa BSI a hukumance a ranar 13 ga Fabrairu, 1890  a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Sir George King wanda ya zama tsohon darektan ofis na farko, a baya ya kasance babban jami'in kula da lambun Royal Botanic, Calcutta tun daga 1871. Lambun Calcutta ya zama hedikwatar Binciken kuma an ba shi alhakin yanki na Bengal, Assam, Arewa maso Gabas, Burma, da Tsibirin Andaman da Nicobar. 

Kafin shekarar 1890, EIC ta riga ta kafa lambunan tsirrai a Sibpur, Pune, Saharanpur da Madras a matsayin cibiyoyin inganta ilimin tsirrai da gwaje-gwaje a ƙarƙashin gwamnatocin ƙananan hukumomi, misali lambun tsirrai na Saharanpoor, wanda aka kafa a farkon shekarar 1750, EIC ta sayi shi a shekarar 1817 don noman tsire-tsire masu magani.  Yawancin ayyukan lambunan tsirrai na EIC sun kasance don noman tsire-tsire don amfani da albarkatun Indiya don kasuwanci da ciniki. 

## Shirin ilimi da bincike
Binciken Tsirrai na Indiya kuma yana ba da Fellowship don yin bincike a Tsarin Tsirrai na Shuke-shuke kuma yana ba da tallafin karatu bayan digiri na uku ga waɗanda aka horar a fannin Tsarin Tsirrai kuma suna son ci gaba da bincikensu dangane da umarnin BSI. 

## Littattafai
Baya ga littattafan jerin littattafan Publishing Flora of India, flora na jihohi, flora na yankuna masu kariya da Red Data Book of Indian Plants, BSI ta kuma san da wallafe-wallafenta na shekara-shekara daban-daban, wasu daga cikinsu sune: 

Binciken Shuke-shuke: Binciken Shuke-shuke wani littafi ne na shekara-shekara da ake bugawa a fannin Botanical Survey of India, wanda ke da ingantattun bayanai game da arzikin shukar Indiya. Kamar yadda aka fitar kwanan nan na Binciken Shuke-shuke na 2019 ta Binciken Botanical na Indiya, akwai jimillar nau'ikan angiosperms 18800, nau'ikan gymnosperms 82, nau'ikan pteridophytes 1307, nau'ikan fungi 15447, nau'ikan algae 7434, nau'ikan bryophytes 2786, nau'ikan lichens 2981 da nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta 1239 a Indiya, wanda shine kusan kashi 8 cikin ɗari na jimlar nau'ikan shuka da aka yi rikodin su a duniya. Tun bayan sake tsara shi, a shekarar 1954, jami'an BSI sun bayyana sabbin iyalai 01, sabbin nau'ikan 42 da sabbin nau'ikan 1719 da kuma takamaiman nau'ikan taxon. A cikin shekarar 2019, masana kimiyya na BSI da sauran cibiyoyi sun gano jimillar tsirrai 253.  Nelumbo jarida ce da ake bugawa sau biyu a shekara ta Cibiyar Nazarin Tsirrai ta Indiya. Mujallar an yi mata bita ta hanyar takwarorinta kuma ingantacciyar mujalla ce ta nazarin tsarin tsirrai da kimiyyar tsirrai. Kamar yadda aka kiyasta NAAS na baya-bayan nan a shekarar 2019, mujallar ta samu maki 4.17.  

A cewar Binciken Tsirrai na Indiya, Indiya a halin yanzu tana da nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu magani 8000. Saboda haka, ma'aikatar Ayush tana ba da tallafin kuɗi ta hanyar ***tallafin kuɗi***, don noman tsire-tsire masu magani daban-daban da nau'ikan da tsarin AYUSH ke buƙata da kuma kula da sauran tsire-tsire da ke gab da ƙarewa.

## Manazarta