Jihar Jigawa

Jiha ta takwas mafi girma ta yawan jama'a, mazaunan Jihar Jigawa galibi 'yan asalin Hausa ne ko Fulani. Yawancin mazaunan Jihar Jigawa Musulmi ne, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin jihohi goma sha biyu a cikin ƙasar da dokar Shari'a ke mulki. Jihar Jigawa sananniya ce ga zane-zanen dutsen *Dutsen Habude* a garin Birnin Kudu, wanda aka samo asali ne daga zamanin Neolithic. Garin Hadejia (tsohon *Biram*) sananne ne a matsayin daya daga cikin al'adun gargajiya na "Jihohin Hausa na gaskiya guda bakwai".

Tattalin arzikin Jihar Jigawa ya kasance ya dogara da aikin gona. Saboda yanayin da ba shi da kyau a jihar, ƙaura daga waje ta ma'aikata zuwa jihohin makwabta kamar Jihar Kano don neman aikin da ba a yi ba. Rashin gonar noma a cikin jihar ya zama matsala a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, tare da gonar noma da ke ci gaba da fuskantar Bala'o'i na kasa kamar ambaliyar ruwa, wanda zai zama mafi yawa saboda canjin yanayi. A sakamakon haka, tashin hankali tsakanin manoma da Makiyaya na Fulani a kan ƙasar noma sun zama tashin hankali a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.

Jihar Jigawa tana ɗaya daga cikin Jihohi talatin da shida da suka kafa Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Najeriya . Tana cikin arewa maso yammacin ƙasar tsakanin latitudes 11.00 ° N zuwa 13.00 ° N da longitudes 8.00 ° E zuwa 10.15 ° E. Jihar Jigawa tana da iyaka da Jihar Kano na kilomita 355 (mil 221) da Jihar Katsina na kilomita 164 (mil 102) zuwa yamma, Jihar Bauchi zuwa gabas da Jihar Yobe na kilomita 193 (mil 120) zuwa arewa maso gabas. A arewa, Jigawa tana da iyaka ta duniya tare da Yankin Zinder a Jamhuriyar Nijar na kilomita 70, wanda shine dama ta musamman don ayyukan kasuwanci na kan iyaka. Gwamnatin Najeriya ta yi amfani wannan ta hanyar farawa da kafa yankin cinikayya kyauta a garin Maigatari a kan iyaka da Nijar.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

Jigawa tana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na 31.23 ° C (88.21 ° F) kuma yana da 1.77% sama da matsakaitan Najeriya.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Jihar tana da jimlar yanki na kusan murabba'in kilomita 22,410. Yanayinta yana da alaƙa da ƙasa mai motsi, tare da dunes na yashi na girma daban-daban wanda ya kai kilomita da yawa a wasu sassan Jiha. Yankin kudancin Jigawa ya ƙunshi ƙuƙwalwar ginshiki yayin da arewa maso gabas ya ƙunshi duwatsu masu laushi na Tsarin Chadi. Manyan koguna sune Hadejia, Kafin Hausa da Iggi Rivers tare da wasu masu ba da gudummawa da ke ciyar da marshlands masu yawa a arewa maso gabashin jihar. Hadejia - Kogin Kafin Hausa ya ratsa jihar daga yamma zuwa gabas ta hanyar Hadejia-Nguru wetlands kuma ya kwarara cikin Tafkin Chadi.

### Shuke-shuke
Yawancin sassan Jigawa suna cikin Sudan Savannah tare da abubuwa na Guinea Savannah a kudancin. Jimlar gandun daji a cikin jihar tana ƙasa da matsakaicin ƙasa na 14.8%. Saboda dalilai na halitta da na ɗan adam, ana rufe gandun daji, yana sa ɓangaren arewacin jihar ya kasance mai saukin kamuwa da mamayewar hamada. Jiha tana jin daɗin ƙasa mai noma mai kyau wanda kusan dukkanin amfanin gona na wurare masu zafi zasu iya daidaitawa da shi, don haka ya zama ɗaya daga cikin albarkatun ƙasa masu daraja. Yankin tsire-tsire na Sudan ya ƙunshi manyan filayen da suka dace da samar da dabbobi.

Jihar Jigawa tana fuskantar ambaliyar ruwa wanda ke lalata jihar koyaushe, yana haifar da mummunar lalacewa da lalacewa, yana haifar le mummunar rikici a gonakin gona.

za'a iya bayyana halin zamantakewa da al'adu a Jihar Jigawa a matsayin iri ɗaya: yawancin jama'ar Hausa / Fulani ne, waɗanda za'a iya samun su a duk sassan jihar. Kanuri galibi ana samun su ne a Masarautar Hadejia, tare da wasu alamun Badawa galibi a sassan Arewa maso gabas. Kodayake kowanne daga cikin kabilun uku masu rinjaye sun ci gaba da kula da asalin kabilansu, Islama da dogon tarihin aure sun ci gaba tilasta musu tare.

Kimanin mutane miliyan 3.6 ne ke zaune a Jihar Jigawa. Rayuwar rayuwa kamar yadda yake a shekara ta 2001 ya kasance kusan shekaru 52 tare da jimlar haihuwa na kimanin yara 6.2 ga kowace mace mai shekaru haihuwa (kadan sama da matsakaicin ƙasa). Kodayake yawan jama'ar jihar galibi yankunan karkara ne (90%), rarrabawar dangane da jima'i kusan daidai ne tsakanin namiji (50.8%) da mace (49.2%). Wannan tsari na rarraba yawan jama'a iri ɗaya ne a fadin mazabu daban-daban da kuma tsakanin birane da yankunan karkara. Binciken  CWIQ na 2002 ya nuna cewa kashi 45.2% na yawan jama'a sun hada da matasa a kasa da shekaru 15; 49.0% tsakanin shekaru 15 zuwa 59 yayin da kashi 5.8% mutane ne masu shekaru 60 da sama. Wannan binciken ya nuna rabo na dogaro na kusan 1; ma'ana cewa akwai kusan ɗaya mai dogaro ga kowane mutum mai aiki a cikin jama'a.

Alamun asali don bangaren samar da ruwa sun nuna cewa samun ruwan sha sama da 90%, wanda ke daga cikin mafi girma a kasar. Binciken CWIQ na 2002 duk da haka, ya nuna cewa samun damar samun ruwan sha mai inganci (haifiyar bututu, ramukan famfo na hannu da rijiyoyin da aka kare) yana da ƙasa a kusan 63%, yayin da kusan kashi 67% na gidaje suna da kyakkyawar hanyar tsabta. Dangane da ayyukan kiwon lafiya, kusan kashi 40% na yawan jama'a suna da damar samun sabis na kiwon lafiya wanda, duk da haka, ya fi girma a cikin birane inda aka sami damar kusan kashi 55%. Binciken CWIQ ya gano cewa matsakaicin kashi 70% na waɗanda suka tuntubi cibiyar kiwon lafiya sun nuna gamsuwa da ayyukan da aka bayar.

Jihar Jigawa tana fama da hamada, kuma kayan yankan Katako suna taimakawa wajen lalata bishiyoyi. Ƙananan ƙimar fitar da katako yana haifar da matsalolin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki kuma yana barazana ga rayuwar bishiyoyi marasa daraja da fa'ida.  

Ana magana da harshen Bade a cikin Guri LGA, ana magana da Manga a Birniwa, Kiri Kasama, sassan Malam Madori, Kaugama da Guri LGAs. Ana magana da yaren Warji a Birnin Kudu LGA, kuma ana magana da yarin Duwai a Hadejia LGA. Manyan harsuna sune Hausa, Kanuri da Fula (wanda Fulani ke magana). 


Fayil:Dutse_City.jpg|Emirs palace street Dutse
Fayil:Dutse_City_1.jpg|Dutse City
Fayil:Dutse_City_2.jpg|Dutse City
Fayil:Dutse_City_4.jpg|Dutse City
Fayil:Dutse_City_5.jpg|Dutse City
Fayil:Emir_Palace_Dutse.jpg|Emir palace Dutse Garu
Fayil:Gumel_1.jpg|Emir palace Gumel
Fayil:Ringim_Emir's_Palace.joh_01.jpg|Emir palace Ringim
Fayil:Hadejia_13.jpg|Emir palace Hadejia
Fayil:Kazaure_Palace_2.jpg|Emir palace Kazaure
Fayil:Saminu_Turaki_Tower_1.jpg|Saminu Turaki tower, Dutse
Fayil:Shuwarin.jpg|Shuwarin town, 8 kilometres to Dutse City
Fayil:Sule_Lamido_University.jpg|Sule Lamido University, Kafin Hausa
Fayil:River_Hadejia_02.jpg|Hadejia River
Fayil:Biram.jpg|Garun Gabas or Biram, one of the seven true Hausa states (Hausa Bakwai).
Fayil:Captain_Phillips_Grave.jpg|Grave of Captain Phillips (kabarin mai tumbi, Hadejia)
Fayil:Dutse_Central_Juma'at_Mosque_01.jpg|Dutse central mosque
Fayil:Government_House_Jigawa_State.jpg|Government house Dutse
Fayil:Federal_University_Dutse.jpg|Federal University Dutse
Fayil:Makera.jpg|Katanga, Nigeria


## Yankunan Karamar Hukumar

Jihar Jigawa - wacce aka kirkira daga tsohuwar Jihar Kano a watan Agustan 1991 - tana ɗaya daga cikin jihohi 36 a Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Najeriya . Malam Inuwa-Dutse, tsohon kwamishinan Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona da albarkatun kasa ne ya jagoranci tashin hankali don kirkirar jihar a lokacin gwamnan marigayi Audu Bako, gwamnan tsohuwar Jihar Kano (wanda ya hada da jihohin Kano da Jigawa na yanzu). Ta hanyar Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Tarayyar Najeriya na 1999, jihar ta ƙunshi kananan hukumomi 27, waɗanda aka raba su zuwa mazabu 30 na jihohi, waɗanda aka haɗa su cikin mazabu 11 na tarayya da gundumomi 3 na sanatoci. Wadannan kananan hukumomi 27 sun kara rarraba su zuwa yankuna 77 na ci gaba ta hanyar doka No. 5 na 2004 na Majalisar Dokokin Jiha. Dangane da tsarin dimokuradiyya a kasar, ana zabar gwamnatoci a jihohi da kananan hukumomi, kuma sun hada da zartarwa tare da majalisar dokoki. Majalisar dokoki ta jihar tana da zaɓaɓɓun mambobi 30 kowannensu yana wakiltar ɗayan mazabar jihar. Don kammala tsarin mulkin jihar, akwai bangaren shari'a mai zaman kansa a matsayin bangare na uku na gwamnati.

## Yankunan Karamar Hukumar

Ofishin Kididdiga na Tarayya, a cikin shekara ta 2001, ya rarraba Jihar Jigawa daga cikin wadanda ke da tsananin tsananin talauci a cikin kasar, tare da Gross Per Capita Income na N35, 000 a kowace shekara (US $ 290), wanda ke ƙasa da Matsakaicin Kasa; har zuwa yau Jihar Jigaswa tana cikin jihohin da suka fi talauci a Najeriya. Koyaya, Binciken Bayanan Kula da Lafiya na 2002 (CWIQ) ya nuna cewa sama da kashi biyu cikin biyar na yawan jama'a ba sa ɗaukar kansu matalauta.

Yanayin ababen more rayuwa don ci gaban tattalin arziki kamar hanyoyi, wutar lantarki, sadarwa da fasahar bayanai kwanan nan sun ga ci gaba mai girma ta hanyar manyan gyare-gyare da fadada ayyukan. Tare da manyan ayyukan gyaran hanyoyi da aka riga aka gudanar a duk faɗin jihar a cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata, tare da kokarin da aka yi don samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar Cibiyoyin Wutar Lantarki masu zaman kansu, da kuma Shirin Broadband na Intanet, yanayin saka hannun jari a Jihar Jigawa dangane da ababen more rayuwa yana da kyau.

a halin yanzu jihar tana da Jami'ar Tarayya wacce ke cikin babban birnin jihar, Dutse da Jami'a mallakar jihar da ke yankin karamar hukumar Kafin Hausa na jihar. Har ila yau akwai Polytechnic na Tarayya a Kazaure, Hussaini Adamu Federal Polytechnic,  da kuma polytechnics mallakar jihohi biyu; Binyaminu Usman Polytechnic. Aln kafa shi a cikin 2011.

* Jami'ar Tarayya Dutse, Jihar Jigawa 
* Jigawa State Polytechnic Dutse 
* Jami'ar Sule Lamido, Kafin Hausa, Jihar Jigawa 

* A2 (wani ɓangare na Hanyar Haɗin Kai ta Afirka ko Hanyar Trans-Sahara ko Hanyar Afirka 2: TAH2) arewa daga Jihar Kano a Galoru na kilomita 29 ta hanyar Kazaur, Sada da Achilafia zuwa Jihar Katsina kusa da Korare.&nbsp;
* A237 (a matsayin wani ɓangare na Dakar-Ndjamena Trans-Sahelian Highway ko TAH 5) gabas daga Jihar Kano a Kafin Gana na kilomita 76 a matsayin Kamo-Kari Rd ta hanyar Birnin Kudu zuwa Jihar Bauchi a Zandan.&nbsp;

* Senator Bello Maitama Yusuf Sardaunan Dutse
* Abubakar Sani Birnin Kudu Academician, preacher
* Sule Lamido Former governor
* Mohammed Badaru Abubakar Defence Minister of Nigeria
* Hameem Nuhu Sanusi emir of Dutse

## Gidan wasan kwaikwayo

* Jigawa a Yanar Gizo
* Labaran Najeriya  

## Anbaliyar ruwa

Jihar Jigawa na fama da matsalar ambaliyar ruwa da a ko da yaushe ke addabar jihar, inda ta yi barna da rusawa  tare da yin lalata  filayen noma.    

## Siyasa

Jihar Jigawa na fama da matsalar ambaliyar ruwa da a ko da yaushe ke addabar jihar, inda ta yi barna da rusawa  tare da yin lalata  filayen noma.    

Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Dutse.