Elizabeth Gurley Flynn

**Elizabeth Gurley Flynn** (Agusta 7, 1890 &#x2013; Satumba 5, 1964) shugabar ma'aikata ce ta Amurka kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata. A farkon shekarunta na aikin fafutuka, ta kasance mai shiryawa ga Ma'aikatan Masana'antu na Duniya (wanda aka fi sani da IWW ko Wobblies). A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya ta kafa Ƙungiyar Tsaron Ma'aikata (WDU), don kare duk wanda aka kama aka kuma daure shi saboda karya Dokar Espionage yayin da take fafutukar kare haƙƙin ma'aikata. A shekarar 1920, Flynn ta taimaka wajen kafa Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Jama'a ta Amurka . Ta shiga Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Amurka a shekarar 1936 a lokacin Popular Front kuma ta zama ɗaya daga cikin shugabanninta da aka fi sani kuma aka fi so. A shekarar 1940, a wani mataki mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce, ACLU ta kore ta daga kwamitin zartarwa saboda ta kasance Kwaminis, duk da sunanta a matsayin mai fafutukar 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki na dogon lokaci. An zaɓe ta mace ta farko da ta zama shugabar Jam'iyyar a shekarar 1961. Bayan an soke fasfo ɗinta saboda kasancewarta memba na Jam'iyyar, ta yi nasarar ɗaukaka ƙara don a dawo da ita. Ta mutu ne a lokacin wata ziyara da ta kai Tarayyar Soviet, inda aka yi mata jana'iza ta ƙasa tare da jerin gwano a filin wasa na Red Square wanda mutane sama da 25,000 suka halarta. 

## Bayani
An haifi Elizabeth Gurley Flynn a ranar 7 ga Agusta, 1890, a Concord, New Hampshire, 'yar Annie (Gurley) da Thomas Flynn.  &#x5B; ** &#x5D; Iyalin sun ƙaura a shekarar 1900 zuwa New York, inda ta yi karatu a makarantun gwamnati na gida. Ta kasance ɗaliba mai hazaka kuma mai hazaka a muhawara, inda ta lashe lambar azurfa saboda ƙwarewarta ta muhawara. Iyayenta sun zaburar da ita da labarai game da gwagwarmayar 'yancin Irish kuma suka gabatar da ita ga gurguzu . Lokacin da take 'yar shekara 15 kacal, ta yi jawabinta na farko a bainar jama'a, "Abin da Gurguzu zai yi wa mata", a Ƙungiyar Gurguzu ta Harlem . Bayan haka, ta ji dole ta yi magana don kawo sauyi a zamantakewa. Ta bar Makarantar Sakandare ta Morris kafin ta kammala karatu, shawarar da ta yi nadama daga baya.  Duk da haka, wasu majiyoyi sun ce an kore ta daga makarantar sakandare saboda shigarta siyasa. 

## Sana'a

### Ma'aikatan Masana'antu na Duniya

Flynn ta gabatar da jawabinta na farko na gurguzu a birnin New York a lokacin bazara na 1906. Nan take aka kama ta. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan wannan lamarin, ta shiga Ma'aikatan Masana'antu na Duniya (IWW; wanda aka fi sani da "Wobblies").

A shekara ta 1907, Flynn ta zama mai shirya taron IWW na cikakken lokaci. Ta halarci taronta na farko na IWW a watan Satumba na wannan shekarar.  A cikin 'yan shekarun da suka biyo baya, ta shirya kamfen tsakanin ma'aikatan tufafi a Pennsylvania, masu saka siliki a New Jersey, ma'aikatan gidan abinci a New York, masu hakar ma'adinai a Minnesota, Missoula, Montana, da Spokane, Washington ; da ma'aikatan masaku a Massachusetts . A wannan lokacin, marubuci Theodore Dreiser ya bayyana ta a matsayin "Joan na Gabashin Arc".  An san ta sosai saboda ƙuruciyarta, kyawunta, iya magana, hankali, da kuma hikimarta.

A lokacin ɗaya daga cikin jawaban da ta yi a IWW, Flynn ta haɗu da James Connolly, abokin Wobbly kuma jagoran juyin juya hali na ƙungiyar 'yancin Irish daga Ingila. Ita da Connolly sun zama abokai nagari kuma ta yi aiki tare da shi, Patrick Quinlan, da sauran 'yan Irish Amurkawa don kafa Ƙungiyar Socialist ta Ireland ta New York. Ƙungiyar ta yi nufin taimaka wa 'yan Irish masu aiki a cikin gwagwarmayar juyin juya hali, don ilmantar da 'yan Irish Amurkawa game da gurguzu, da kuma ƙarfafa haɗin kai tsakanin ma'aikata a fannoni daban-daban na launin fata, ƙabila, da ƙasa don 'yantar da ma'aikata a ko'ina. [1] Flynn ta goyi bayan ra'ayin Connolly na kafa jamhuriyar ma'aikata masu 'yanci da 'yanci a Ireland a tsawon rayuwarta. Ta kuma yi abota da kuma yin aiki tare da sauran mayaƙan 'yancin Irish, ciki har da James Larkin da Hanna Sheehy-Skeffington . [1]

## Manazarta