Mesfin Woldemariam

**Mesfin Woldemariam,** (Ge'ez: Mesfin Woldemariam; 23 Afrilu 1930 - 29 Satumba 2020) wani malami ne na Habasha kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama.

## Ƙuruciya da ilimi
An haifi Mesfin Woldermariam a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu 1930 a Addis Ababa, daular Habasha. Mesfin ya yi karatunsa na farko a makarantar Teferi Mekonnen, kuma dalibi ne na Cocin Orthodox na Habasha, inda ya sami nadi a matsayin deacon a shekarar 1946.  Ya kammala karatunsa na gaba a Landan a shekarar 1951, kuma ya samu gurbin karatu a kasashen waje. Ya sami BA a Jami'ar Punjab, Chandigarh a shekarar 1955 da MA da Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Clark a shekarar 1977 ta hanyar dissertation rashin lahani ga yunwa a Habasha. Mesfin ya kasance farfesa a fannin ilimin kasa a Jami'ar Haile Selassie (yanzu Jami'ar Addis Ababa), kuma na wani lokaci ya kasance shugaban sashen nazarin kasa.  Ya kuma kasance babban malamin Fulbright a shekarun 1971, 1986 da 1987. Ya yi ritaya a shekarar 1991.

## Harkar siyasa
Da yake amsa koken dalibai, a ranar 8 ga watan Afrilu, 2001 Mesfin da Berhanu Nega sun gudanar da taron tattaunawa na yini a dakin taro na National Lottery kan 'yancin karatu. An kama su ne a kan zargin cewa wannan kwamitin ya tunzura daliban da suka yi zanga-zanga a AAU washegari, amma an bayar da belinsu a ranar 5 ga watan Yuni kuma ba a taba yi wa kowani shari’a ba. 

A watan Nuwamba 2005, gwamnatin Habasha ta tsare Mesfin bisa zargin cin amanar kasa, kisan kiyashi da kuma nuna fushi ga kundin tsarin mulki, tare da wasu jiga-jigan jam'iyyar Coalition for Unity and Democracy. An yi la'akari da wannan laifin da laifin aikata ayyukan 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki, 'yancin yin tarayya da kuma 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki da dokokin kare hakkin dan Adam na kasa da kasa suka tabbatar, kuma yawancin masu sa ido na kasa da kasa ciki har da Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch da Tarayyar Turai sun yi Allah wadai da shi. An tsare shi a kurkukun Kaliti. A lokacin da yake tsare, Mesfin ya shiga yajin cin abinci sau biyu a watan Disamba 2005  da watan Janairu 2006, yana nuna rashin amincewa da tsare shi da kuma shari'a. Daga baya ya kamu da ciwon huhu, inda ya fado a dakinsa na kurkuku a ranar 18 ga watan Agusta, kuma an kai shi asibiti.  A ranar 19 ga watan Fabrairun 2007 ne ya kamata kotun ta yanke hukuncin. Duk da haka, Mesfin, da wasu 37 an same su da laifi a ranar 11 ga watan Yuni 2007.

Wannan hukunci dai ya biyo bayan da Mesfin ya ki kare kansa, inda ya dage cewa kamawa, tuhuma, tsarewa da kuma shari’a na da alaka da siyasa kuma ba za a yi adalci a shari’ar ba. Tare da wasu mutane 37, an yanke masa hukunci ne bisa ga hujjojin da aka gabatar da su, tare da hana shi yin bayani a gaban kotu bayan kammala shari’ar da ake tuhumar. An ce mai gabatar da kara ya gabatar da shaidun bidiyo da na sauti. Alkalin ya yanke hukuncin cewa saboda ba su gabatar da wata kariya ba kuma suna da laifi kamar yadda ake tuhumar su. 

Mesfin, tare da wasu jami'an jam'iyyar adawa na Habasha 37, da fitattun masu kare hakkin bil'adama da kuma 'yan jarida da ake tuhuma tare da shi, an sake su a ranar 20 ga watan Yulin 2007. An yi musu afuwa tare da maido musu hakkinsu na siyasa kwanaki hudu bayan da aka yankewa akasarinsu hukuncin daurin rai da rai, wasu kuma daurin shekaru 15 a gidan yari. 

## Mutuwa da jana'iza
Mesfin ya mutu a ranar 29 ga watan Satumba, 2020 daga matsalolin da COVID-19 ya kawo, yana da shekaru 90.  An yi jana'izar Mesfin ne a ranar 6 ga watan Oktoba, 2020, tare da halartar jami'an gwamnati da dama da mashahurai da 'yan uwa. Farfesa Berhanu Nega, kakakin majalisar tarayya Tagesse Chaffo, magajin garin Addis Ababa Adanech Abebe, da shugaban yankin Oromia Shimeles Abdisa suma sun gabatar.

A cikin bayanan hidimar jana'izar da ya yi, an yaba masa a matsayin wanda ya kafa kungiyar kare hakkin dan Adam ta Habasha (EHRCO) sannan kuma ya gudanar da bincike daban-daban kan batutuwan da suka shafi yunwa da fari, fannoni daban-daban na tattalin arziki na zamantakewa. 

## Manazarta

## External Links
* Official website dedicated to Mesfin Wolde Mariam by his children
* call for immediate release of Prof. Mesfin W/ Mariam by Amnesty International
* Prof.