Alma Adams

**Alma Shealey Adams** (an haife ta a ranar 27 ga Mayu, 1946) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar Amurka wacce ke wakiltar gundumar 12 ta majalisar dokoki ta North Carolina a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka . Adams, 'yar Democrat, ta wakilci gundumar 58 ta majalisar jihar a Gundumar Guilford a Babban Majalisar Dokokin North Carolina tun daga nadinta a watan Afrilun 1994 har zuwa lokacin da aka zaɓe ta zuwa Majalisar Dokoki, wanda Ralph C. Johnson ya gaje shi. 

Adams tsohuwar mai kula da kwaleji ce kuma farfesa a fannin fasaha daga Greensboro . An san ta da kyawawan halaye.  Ta lashe zaben musamman na 2014 a gundumar 12 ta majalisar dokoki ta North Carolina don cike gurbin da Mel Watt ya samu sakamakon murabus dinta, inda ta zama mace ta 100 da ta yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta 113. Ta lashe zaben na tsawon shekaru biyu a lokaci guda.  

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Adams a ranar 27 ga Mayu, 1946, a High Point, North Carolina, ga Benjamin Shealey da Mattie Stokes.  Mahaifiyarta ce ta rene ta, wacce ke aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar gida.  Adams ta ƙaura tare da iyalinta zuwa Baltimore, Maryland, tun tana ƙarama kafin ta zauna a Newark, New Jersey .  Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta West Side da ke Newark wacce galibi fararen fata ne kuma ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1964. 

Daga nan Adams ta tafi Jami'ar Jihar North Carolina A&amp;amp;T da ke Greensboro, North Carolina, inda ta sami digirin farko na Kimiyya a shekarar 1969 da kuma digirin Master na Kimiyya a shekarar 1972, duka a fannin ilimin fasaha.  Yayin da take a NC A&T, ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar Zane-zane kuma ta zama memba na kungiyar Alpha Kappa Alpha . 

Bayan kammala karatun digiri na biyu, an nada Adams a matsayin shugabar sashen fasaha a Cibiyar Palmer, inda ta koyar da ɗalibai daga aji bakwai zuwa sha biyu.  Daga baya ta sami digirin digirgir a fannin ilimin fasaha da ilimin al'adu daban-daban daga Jami'ar Jihar Ohio a shekarar 1981. 

Daga baya Adams ta shiga sashen koyar da zane-zane na Kwalejin Bennett da ke Greensboro, inda ta koyar har zuwa 2012.  Ita ce kuma darektan Cibiyar Zane-zane ta Steel Hall.  A shekarar 1990, Adams da mai zane Eva Hamlin Miller sun kafa ƙungiyar African American Atelier, wata ƙungiya da aka kafa don haɓaka wayar da kan jama'a da kuma godiya ga fasahar gani da al'adun Baƙar fata . 

## Majalisar dokokin jiha
Adams ta fara aikinta na siyasa a matsayin memba na Hukumar Makarantun Birnin Greensboro daga 1984 zuwa 1986, kafin ta yi aiki a Majalisar Birnin Greensboro daga 1987 har zuwa lokacin da aka naɗa ta a Majalisar Wakilai ta North Carolina a 1994.  

An naɗa ta a Majalisar Jiha don ta maye gurbin Wakilin Herman Gist, wanda ya mutu a kan mulki. A lokacin naɗinta, Adams ta riga ta sanar da takararta don ƙalubalantar Gist a zaɓen fidda gwani na Democrat da za a yi a shekarar 1994. Yankin majalisar ya haɗa da mafi yawan yankin kudu maso gabashin Greensboro a Gundumar Guilford .  A zaɓen fidda gwani, ta kayar da OC Stafford, ɗan kasuwa, injiniya mai ritaya, kuma ɗan takara na dindindin, wanda a baya ya tsaya takarar Democrat da Republican .  Adams ya lashe cikakken wa'adi a zaɓen fidda gwani na 1994, inda ya kayar da Roger G. Coffer na Republican.  Ta ci gaba da lashe zaɓe a 1996  da 1998  da Stafford, wanda ya tsaya takarar Republican a dukkan zaɓuka biyu.  A shekarar 2000, Adams ba shi da abokin hamayya a zaɓen fidda gwani na Democrat kuma ya kayar da Jim Rumley na Republican a zaɓen fidda gwani.  

Bayan sake zaɓen gundumomi a shekarar 2002, an sake zaɓen gundumar Adams daga na 26 zuwa na 58. A wannan shekarar, ɗan takarar Libertarian David Williams ya ƙalubalanci ta, wanda ya janye daga takarar kafin zaɓen amma ya ci gaba da kasancewa a kan ƙuri'un.  Adams ya sake zaɓe da kusan kashi 86% na ƙuri'un.  Daga shekarar 2004 zuwa gaba, ta fuskanci ƙalubale akai-akai daga mataimakiyar lauya kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jam'iyyar Republican Olga Morgan Wright, inda ta kayar da ita a kowace zaɓe har zuwa 2008, sannan kuma a shekarar 2012. 

Adams ya kayar da Wright da abokin hamayyarsa Walter Sperko da kashi 66% na kuri'un da aka kada a shekarar 2004.  A zaɓen da ya gaba, Adams ba ta da wani ɗan takara a zaɓen fidda gwani; ta kayar da Wright a zaɓen gama gari da kashi 66%–34%.  A shekarar 2008, shekarar da aka zaɓi Barack Obama a matsayin shugaban ƙasa, masu zaɓen Democrat sun sami babban adadin shiga zaɓe, kuma Adams ya kayar da Wright da kashi 71.35%–28.65%  A shekarar 2010, Adams ya kayar da shi a zaɓen fidda gwani na Democrat ta hannun Ralph C. Johnson . Ta kayar da Johnson da kashi 76.56% na ƙuri'un.  Adams ya sake fafatawa da Darin H. Thomas na jam'iyyar Republican a zaɓen gama gari, inda ya kayar da shi da kashi 63.15%–36.85%.  A shekarar 2012, Adams ba shi da ɗan takara a zaɓen fidda gwani kuma ya kayar da Olga Wright a zaɓen gama gari, da kashi 79.86%–20.14%. 

A lokacin da take aiki a Majalisar North Carolina, an zaɓe Adams a matsayin shugabar Ƙungiyar Baƙar fata ta 'Yan Majalisa ta North Carolina kuma ta yi aiki a karo na biyu a wannan matsayin a shekarar 2008.  Ta kuma jagoranci Gidauniyar Ƙungiyar Baƙar fata ta 'Yan Majalisa ta North Carolina, wadda ke ba da tallafin karatu ga ɗaliban da ke halartar Kwalejoji da Jami'o'in Baƙar fata na Tarihi na jihar. Adams ta riƙe muƙamai na jagoranci a kwamitoci da dama, ciki har da yin aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugabar Kwamitin Gwamnati, shugabar Kwamitin Raba Kuɗi, da kuma mataimakiyar shugabar Kwamitin Kasuwanci, Ƙananan Kasuwanci, da 'Yan Kasuwanci.  

## Majalisar Wakilan Amurka

### Zaɓe

#### Zaɓen musamman da na gama gari na 2014
A watan Afrilun 2013, Mel Watt, 'yar majalisa daya tilo da ta yi aiki a gundumar 12 tun lokacin da aka kafa ta a 1993, aka nada ta darakta a Hukumar Kudi ta Gidaje ta Tarayya . Adams tana daya daga cikin wadanda suka fara sanar da cewa idan aka tabbatar da Watt, za ta tsaya takara a zaben musamman da ya biyo baya. An tabbatar da Watt a watan Disamba na 2013. Adams ta gabatar da takardu a hukumance don tsayawa takara a zaben fidda gwani na Democrat na tsawon shekaru biyu a Majalisa ta 114 da kuma zaben musamman da aka gudanar a watan Nuwamba na 2014 don cike gurbin wa'adin Watt na 11.  An rantsar da Adams a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba, 2014, don kammala sauran makonni bakwai na wa'adin Watt.  Bayan rantsar da shi, Adams ta zama mace ta 100 a cikin ajin 'yan majalisa, inda ta doke tarihin da ya gabata na 99. 

Masu sharhi sun yi tunanin cewa Adams yana cikin wani mummunan yanayi a zaɓen fidda gwani na ɓangarori biyar (na musamman da na yau da kullun) na zaɓen musamman (wanda aka gudanar a rana ɗaya a watan Nuwamba 2014). Ta fito daga Greensboro, amma mafi yawan al'ummar gundumar suna Charlotte. Amma da yake 'yan Charlotte uku ne suka fafata a zaɓen raba ƙuri'un wannan yankin, Adams ya lashe zaɓen fidda gwani da kusan kashi 44% na ƙuri'un, ƙuri'u dubu kaɗan fiye da kashi 40% da ake buƙata don guje wa zaɓen zagaye na biyu . Ta fuskanci Vince Coakley na jam'iyyar Republican, tsohon mai watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin da rediyo daga Matthews, a zaɓen gama gari da na musamman, wanda aka gudanar a rana ɗaya. Gundumar 12 ta kasance gunduma mai yawan 'yan Democrat tare da mafi yawan 'yan baƙar fata da ke jefa ƙuri'a da kuma Jerin Kuri'un Masu Kuri'a na D+26, kuma Adams ya lashe zaɓen biyu da hannu.

Adams ita ce mace ta biyu mai launin fata da ta wakilci North Carolina a Majalisar Wakilai. Ta farko ita ce Eva Clayton, wacce ta wakilci gabashin North Carolina daga 1992 zuwa 2002.

#### 2016
Wani sabon yanki da kotu ta umarta a shekarar 2016 ya sa gundumar Adam ta 12 ta ɗan yi ƙaranci. Yanzu ta ƙunshi kusan dukkan gundumar Mecklenburg, wato gidan Charlotte . Gidanta da ke Greensboro an raba shi zuwa gundumar 13. Daga baya ta koma Charlotte don ta ci gaba da zama a gundumar 12.  Ko ta ƙaura kafin watan Yuni ba a fayyace ko ba ta ƙaura ba. 

Da 'yan Charlotte guda bakwai suka raba kuri'unsu, Adams ya lashe zaben fidda gwani na jam'iyyar Democrat na 2016 da kashi 42%, wanda ya wuce iyaka don gujewa zagaye na biyu.   Wannan ya tabbatar mata da samun cikakken wa'adi na biyu; saboda yadda Charlotte da Mecklenburg County suka yi wa 'yan Democrat juyin mulki a 'yan shekarun nan, wanda aka sake tsarawa a matsayi na 12 ba ya kasa da na jam'iyyar Democrat fiye da wanda ya gabace shi.

### Zamanin aiki

Adams ta goyi bayan Hillary Clinton a zaben shugaban ƙasa na 2016 kuma ta yi alƙawarin goyon bayanta a matsayin babbar wakiliya .  Ba ta halarci bikin rantsar da Donald Trump a 2017 ba. 

Adams da Wakilai A. Donald McEachin da Brian Fitzpatrick sun gabatar da Dokar Kiyaye Filin Binne gawawwakin Baƙar fata na Amurka a shekarar 2022, kuma za su sa Hukumar Kula da Wuraren Shakatawa ta Ƙasa ta yi aiki tare da gwamnatocin ƙananan hukumomi don gano, bincika, bincike, da kuma kiyaye makabartun tarihi na Baƙar fata da wuraren binne gawawwakin. Dokar tana da goyon bayan ɓangarorin biyu a Majalisar. 

Adams ya kaɗa ƙuri'ar samar wa Isra'ila goyon baya bayan hare-haren ranar 7 ga Oktoba .  

Tun daga watan Yunin 2025, Adams ya sami ƙimar "A" daga Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Gyara Dokokin Marijuana (NORML) bisa ga bayanan jama'a da bayanan zaɓe. 

### Ayyukan kwamiti

* Kwamitin Noma (Mataimakin Shugaba)
** Kwamitin Kula da Abinci Mai Gina Jiki, Kulawa, da Ayyukan Sashe
* Kwamitin Ilimi da Aiki
** Kwamitin Kare Ma'aikata (Shugaba)
* Kwamitin Ayyukan Kuɗi
** Kwamitin Bambance-bambance da Haɗaka

### Membobin ƙungiyar Caucus

* Ƙungiyar Kula da Lafiyar Baƙar fata ta Uwa (Mataimakin Shugaba) 
* Ƙungiyar Ci Gaban Majalisa 
* Babban taron kwala mai launin shuɗi
* Ƙungiyar Baƙar fata ta Majalisa
* Ƙungiyar Fasaha ta Majalisa
* Kwamitin Majalisa kan Daidaiton Haƙƙoƙi 
* Ƙungiyar Daidaito ta Majalisa 
* Taron Majalisar Dokoki kan Turkiyya da Amurkawa 'yan Turkiyya 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Adams ya sake ta kuma tana da 'ya'ya biyu.   An san ta da sanya huluna daban-daban,   kuma tana da sama da ɗaruruwan mutane. 

## Tarihin zaɓe

### Babban Taron Majalisar Dokokin North Carolina

### Majalisar Dokokin Amurka

## Duba kuma

* Jerin wakilan Amurka 'yan Afirka-Amurka
* Mata a Majalisar Wakilan Amurka

## Manazarta