Ashimin Borno

**Ashimi** ko **Hashim bin Umar al-Kanemi** (1840s-1893) shine *Shehu* na Borno daga ca.1885 zuwa shekarar 1893. Ashimi ya kuma zama *shehun* Borno ne a shekarar 1885 a lokacin da dan uwansa Ibrahim Kura ya rasu. Kamar yadda ya riga ya kasance ga magabatansa guda biyu, zamanin mulkinsa ya kasance cikin tsananin rikici na siyasa da tattalin arziki a Kukawa .  Wani hafsan sojan Faransa wanda ya sadu da Ashimi a cikin shekarar 1892 ya yi imanin cewa ba shi da hannu kai tsaye game da tafiyar da mulkin; ya kuma bayar da rahoton cewa *Shehu* kamar mai tsoron Allah ne, a wajen ilimi, kuma ya kasance mai ƙyamar tunanin yaƙi. 

A shekarar 1893, Ashimi ya kuma sha kashi a yakukuwa biyu da Rabih az-Zubayr wanda yake kokarin mamaye Borno. Yayan sa Kyari, wanda aka zaba ya zama sabon *Shehu*, ya kashe shi a N'galagati kusa da Geidam . 

## Daular

## Bayani
 

# Louis Brenner, *The Shehus of Kukawa: A History of the Al-Kanemi Dynasty of Bornu*, Oxford Studies in African Affairs (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1973), pp.125-130.
# **^** 
# **^** Herbert Richmond Palmer, *The Bornu Sahara and Sudan* (London: John Murray, 1936), p. 269.

## Bibliography

* Adeleye, Rowland, *Power and Diplomacy a Arewacin Najeriya: 1804-1906, the Caliphate Sokoto and the Enemies* (London: Longman Group, 1971).
* Amegboh, Joseph, da Cécile Clairval, *Rabah: Conquérant Des Pays Tchadiens*, Grandes Figures Africaines (Paris: Dakar ; Abidjan : Sabon littafin Afirka, 1976).
* Barth, Heinrich,  (London: Longman, 1857).
* Brenner, Louis, *Shehus na Kukawa: Tarihin Daular Al-Kanemi na Bornu*, Nazarin Oxford a Harkokin Afirka (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1973).
* Cohen, Ronald, *Kanuri na Bornu*, Nazarin Shari'a a Anthropology na Al'adu (New York: Holt, 1967).
* Flint, John Edgar, *Sir George Goldie da Yin Nijeriya*, Jerin Tarihin Afirka ta Yamma (London: Oxford University Press, 1960).
* Hallam, WKR, *Rayuwa da Lokacin Rabih Fadl Allah* (Ilfracombe: Stockwell, 1977).
* Hallam, WKR, 'Rabih: Matsayinsa a Tarihi', Jaridar Gidan Tarihi ta Al'umma ta Borno, 15-16 (1993), 5-22.
* Horowitz, Michael M., 'Ba Karim: Asusun Yaƙe-yaƙe na Rabeh', Nazarin Tarihin Afirka, 3 (1970), 391-402    .
* Lange, Dierk, 'Masarautu da mutanen Chadi', a cikin *Tarihin Afirka* gabaɗaya, ed. da Djibril Tamsir Niane, IV (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1984), shafi na.&nbsp;238-265.
* Na karshe, Murray, 'Le Califat De Sokoto Et Borno', a cikin *Histoire Generale De l'Afrique*, Rev. ed. (Paris: Presence Africaine, 1986), shafi na.&nbsp;599–646.
* Lavers, John, "The Al- Kanimiyyin Shehus: Tarihin aiki" a cikin ''Berichte des Sonderforschungsbereichs'', 268, Bd. 2, Frankfurt a. M. 1993: 179-186.
* Mohammed, Kyari, Borno a cikin Shekarun Rabih, 1893-1901: Tashi da Haɗuwa da Pasar da ke Paramar (Maiduguri Nijeriya: Jami'ar Maiduguri, 2006).
* Monteil, PL, De Saint-Louis À Tripoli Par Le Lac Tchad Voyage Au Travers Du Soudan Et Du Sahara, Accompli Pendant Les Années 1890-1892 (Paris: Germer Baillière, 1895).
* Nachtigal, Gustav, *Sahara und Sudan: Ergebnisse Sechsjähriger Reisen a cikin Afirka* (Berlin: Weidmann, 1879).
*  
* Palmer, Herbert Richmond, *The Bornu Sahara da Sudan* (London: John Murray, 1936).
*  
* Tilho, Jean Auguste Marie, Tilho Mission, da France Ministère des Colonies, *Documents Scientifiques De La Mission Tilho* (1906-1909) (Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1910).

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* kungiyar Nazarin Kanuri