Shari'ar kisan kai na O. J. Simpson

The People of the State of California v. Orenthal James Simpson wani shari'a ne na laifi a Kotun Koli ta Los Angeles County, inda aka gwada tsohon dan wasan NFL kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo O. J. Simpson kuma aka wanke shi saboda kisan tsohon matarsa Nicole Brown Simpson da abokinsa Ron Goldman, waɗanda aka yi musu wuka har suka mutu a waje da gidan Brown a Los Angeles a ranar 12 ga Yuni, 1994. Shari'ar ta dauki watanni takwas, daga Janairu 24 zuwa Oktoba 3, 1995.

Kodayake masu gabatar da kara sun yi jayayya cewa Simpson ya kasance da hannu ta hanyar shaidar shaida, an wanke shi daga kisan kai a ranar 3 ga Oktoba. Masu sharhi sun yarda cewa don shawo kan juriya don wanke Simpson, tsaron ya yi amfani da fushi tsakanin al'ummar Afirka ta gari ga Sashen 'yan sanda na Los Angeles (LAPD), wanda ke da tarihin nuna bambancin launin fata kuma ya haifar da tashin hankali na launin fata a cikin duka Rodney King da tashin hankali da ya biyo baya shekaru biyu da suka gabata. Sau da yawa kafofin watsa labarai sun bayyana shari'ar a matsayin "trial na karni" saboda tallatawa ta duniya kuma an bayyana ta a matsayin "mafi yawan jama'a" shari'ar aikata laifuka a tarihi. An tuhumi Simpson da kisan kai a ranar 17 ga Yuni; lokacin da bai mika kansa ba a lokacin da aka amince, sai ya zama batun bin 'yan sanda. Tashoshin talabijin sun katse ɗaukar hoto na wasan 5 na wasan karshe na NBA na 1994 don watsa shirye-shiryen kai tsaye game da bin, wanda kusan mutane miliyan 95 suka kalli. Binciken da kuma kama Simpson sun kasance daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi yadawa a tarihi.

Simpson ta wakilci wata babbar kungiya mai tsaro, wacce ake kira "Dream Team", da farko Robert Shapiro ne ya jagoranci  kuma daga baya Johnnie Cochran ne ya ba da umarni. Kungiyar ta hada da F. Lee Bailey, Alan Dershowitz, Robert Kardashian, Shawn Holley, Carl E. Douglas, da Gerald Uelmen . Simpson ya kuma taimaka wajen kare kansa. Yayinda Mataimakin Lauyan Gundumar Marcia Clark, William Hodgman, da Christopher Darden suka yi imanin cewa suna da shari'a mai karfi, ƙungiyar tsaro ta shawo kan juriya cewa akwai shakku game da shaidar DNA. Sun yi jayayya cewa masana kimiyya na dakin gwaje-gwaje sun yi amfani da samfurin jini ba daidai ba  kuma cewa laifin LAPD da ke da alaƙa da wariyar launin fata da rashin iyawa ya lalata lamarin. Amfani da shaidar DNA a cikin gwaje-gwaje sabo ne, kuma mutane da yawa ba su fahimci yadda za a kimanta shi ba.

An yi la'akari da shari'ar da muhimmiyar mahimmanci ga rarrabuwar da ta dace da hukuncin.[undefined] Ra'ayoyin masu kallo game da hukuncin sun fi dacewa da kabilansu; kafofin watsa labarai sun kira wannan "rashin launin fata".[2] Wani zabe na mazauna Gundumar Los Angeles ya nuna cewa yawancin 'yan Afirka na Amurka sun yi tunanin cewa hukuncin "ba laifi ba" ya cancanci yayin da yawancin masu amsa White suka yi tunanin cewa ya kasance rashin amincewa da juriya ta launin fata [3] ta yawancin' yan Afirka na Amurka.[4][5] Bincike a cikin shekaru masu zuwa ya nuna cewa rata ta ragu tun lokacin shari'ar; fiye da rabin masu amsa Black sun nuna imanin cewa Simpson yana da laifi.[6] A cikin 2017, masu juri uku da suka wanke Simpson sun ce har yanzu za su jefa kuri'a don wankewa, yayin da daya ya ce zai yanke hukunci.[1]￼

## Kisan kai da kama Simpson

Brown ta sadu da Simpson a 1977 lokacin da take da shekaru 18 kuma tana aiki a matsayin mai ba da abinci. Simpson da Brown sun yi aure a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu, 1985 kuma suna da 'ya'ya biyu tare. An bayyana aurensu a matsayin abin da ya shafi tashin hankali na gida, tare da Brown ya rubuta cewa Simpson ya doke ta a lokuta da yawa.

A ranar 12 ga Yuni, 1994, an kashe Brown da Goldman a waje da gidan Brown, 875 South Bundy Drive. An tuhumi Simpson da kisan kai kuma bayan ya kasa mika kansa ga 'yan sanda a ranar 17 ga Yuni, ya zama mai gudu. An watsa shirye-shiryen bin saurin kai tsaye a talabijin yayin da Simpson ya gudu a cikin fararen Ford Bronco SUV tare da abokinsa Al Cowlings kafin ya mika wuya ga hukumomi a gidansa na Brentwood.

## Jin sauraro na farko
A ranar 20 ga Yuni, an gurfanar da Simpson kuma ya yi ikirarin cewa ba shi da laifi ga kisan kai biyu kuma an tsare shi ba tare da beli ba. Kashegari, an kira babban juri don tantance ko za An gurfanar da shi saboda kisan kai biyu amma an sallame shi a ranar 23 ga Yuni, sakamakon yawan kafofin watsa labarai wanda zai iya rinjayar tsaka-tsaki. Maimakon haka, hukumomi sun gudanar da sauraron yiwuwar tabbatar da ko za a gabatar da Simpson a gaban shari'a. Alkalin Kotun Koli ta California Kathleen Kennedy-Powell ya yanke hukunci a ranar 7 ga Yuli cewa akwai isasshen shaida don kawo Simpson a gaban shari'a don kisan. A shari'arsa ta biyu a ranar 22 ga Yuli, lokacin da aka tambaye shi yadda ya yi kira ga kisan kai, Simpson ya bayyana da karfi: "Absolutely, hundred percent, not guilty".

Jill Shively ta shaida wa babban juri cewa ba da daɗewa ba bayan lokacin kisan kai ta ga fararen Ford Bronco yana saurin tafiya daga Bundy Drive cikin irin wannan gaggawa cewa kusan ya yi karo da Nissan a tsakiya na Bundy da San Vicente Boulevard,  kuma ta gane muryar Simpson. Ta yi magana da shirin talabijin na Hard Copy na $ 5,000, bayan haka masu gabatar da kara sun ki amfani da shaidarta a shari'a. A shekara ta 1995, Shively ta yi ikirarin cewa dan wasan kwaikwayo Brian Patrick Clarke ya kai mata hari kuma ya bi ta.

Jose Camacho na Ross Cutlery ya ba da rasit na shagon da ke nuna Simpson ya sayi wuka mai inci 12 (305 mm) makonni shida kafin kisan. An dawo da wuka kuma an ƙaddara ya zama kama da wanda mai binciken ya ce ya haifar da raunukan wuka. Masu gabatar da kara ba su gabatar da wannan shaidar a shari'ar ba, bayan Camacho ya sayar da labarinsa ga National Enquirer na $ 12,500. Gwaje-gwaje a kan wuka sun tabbatar da cewa man da aka yi amfani da shi a kan sabon kayan kwalliya har yanzu yana nan a kan wutsiyar, yana nuna cewa ba a taɓa amfani da shi ba.&nbsp;

Tsohon dan wasan NFL kuma fasto Rosey Grier ya ziyarci Simpson a ranar 13 ga Nuwamba a gidan yarin Los Angeles County. Wani mai tsaron gidan kurkuku, Jeff Stuart, ya shaida wa Alkalin Ito cewa a wani lokaci Simpson ya yi ihu ga Grier cewa "ba ya nufin yin hakan", bayan haka Grier ya bukaci Simpson ya zo da tsabta. Ito ya yanke hukuncin cewa shaidar ba ta dace ba kamar yadda ake karewa saboda damar da limamin ke da shi.

Da farko, kare Simpson ya nemi ya nuna cewa daya ko fiye da masu kisan gilla da masu sayar da miyagun ƙwayoyi suka hayar sun kashe Brown da Goldman - suna ba Brown "Colombian necktie" - saboda suna neman abokiyar Brown, Faye Resnick, sanannen mai amfani da cocaine wanda ya kasa biyan ta miyagun ƙwalwa. Ta zauna kwanaki da yawa a gidan Brown har sai da ta shiga farfadowa kwana hudu kafin kisan. Ito ya yanke hukuncin cewa ka'idar mai kisan miyagun ƙwayoyi "mai hasashe sosai" ba tare da wata shaida don tallafawa shi ba. Sakamakon haka, Ito ya hana juriya daga sauraron shi kuma ya hana Christian Reichardt yin shaida game da matsalolin miyagun ƙwayoyi na tsohuwar budurwarsa Resnick.

## Manazarta