Cocin Baptist na Richmond da Gidan binnewa

**Cocin Baptist na Richmond** shine coci na farko da aka shirya a birnin Richmond, Virginia. Tsohon Cocin Baptist (kimanin 1780-1802) wani makabartar Amurka ce, wurin binnewa na farko ga bayi da 'yanci baƙi, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da cocin. Daga baya aka haɓaka shi.

## Tarihi

### Tushen cocin da farkon shekarun
An kafa shi a cikin 1780 a matsayin Ikilisiyar Baptist ta Richmond, cocin shine coci na farko na kowane ƙungiya da aka shirya a Birnin Richmond, Virginia. Wannan gidan taro daga baya an kira shi 'tsohuwar Ikilisiyar Baptist'. Har ila yau, cocin Baptist ne na farko da aka kafa a cikin birni na Virginia. Da farko, ikilisiyar ta taru a gidaje masu zaman kansu kafin ta gina gidan taro na farko, kusa da kusurwar arewa maso gabashin Cary a tituna na biyu. Ginin cocin ba ya wanzu, amma yana cikin abin da ke cikin 200 block na E Cary St. Gidan taron daga baya ya zama sananne da 'tsohuwar Ikilisiyar Baptist'.  An bayyana shi a matsayin "Wani karamin gida na katako, tare da zubar da ruwa a kowane ƙarshen, ba shi da nisa, inda masu wa'azi na Baptist ke yin hidima, saboda rashin wuri mafi kyau na ibada. Garinsa yana da fa'idar kasancewa kusa da tafkin Penitentiary - mai dacewa don nutsewa - domin a lokacin ruwa ne mai tsabta.  Ikilisiyar Baptist ta farko bayan kafa Ikilisiyar Baftisma ta Biyu a 1820. Ikilisiyar ta koma sabon wuri a yanzu E Broad St. da College St. a cikin 1802. Kimanin rabin mambobinta na farko sun kasance bayi da 'yanci masu launin fata. A shekara ta 1840, cocin yana da muhimmiyar Black membership, tare da 1,700 Black members da 373 White members.   A cikin 1841, ikilisiyar ta rabu tare da launin fata, wanda ya haifar da kafa Ikilisiyar Baptist ta Afirka ta farko.  

### Gidan binnewa
Gidan binnewar Tsohon Cocin Baptist shine wurin binnewa da ke da alaƙa da "tsohuwar Cocin Baptiste" a kan titin Cary. An kafa shi a kusa da 1780 kuma yana aiki har zuwa kusan 1802, ya zama wurin binnewa na farko ga bayi da 'yanci Black da ke da alaƙa da cocin.

A cewar wata kasida ta jarida a cikin Daily Dispatch, an bayyana wurin binnewa a matsayin "Yana dawowa daga wurin kisa zuwa Main Street wani yanki ne na ƙasar katako, wanda aka haɗa da tsohuwar Ikilisiyar Baptist inda babban Uba Courtney ya yi wa'azi. Wannan ƙasar wani nau'in filin tukwane ne, wanda aka yi amfani da shi musamman don binne bautar baƙi, amma ba a rufe ba. A nan an binne gawawwakin Gabriel, Solomon, da wasu waɗanda suka sha wahala don shiga cikin wannan labarin da aka shirya don shiga cikin tashin hankali na 1800, kuma Coke ya kasance a can. Whalthall's 'Hidden Things Brought to Light', wanda aka rubuta a 1861, ya lura cewa kaburbura suna fitowa daga ƙasa a tituna na 2 da Cary. Walthall ya bayyana cewa mutanen Baptist na farko sun zaɓe shi don shafin. 

A shekara ta 1871, an gano gawar mutum yayin tonowa don sabon zama, na Capt. John A. Coke, a kusurwar Cary da tituna na 3. Wannan makircin (#659) a baya ya kasance wani ɓangare na tsohuwar dukiyar Cocin Baptist. Rahotanni na jarida sun ba da shawarar cewa ragowar na iya zama na Jibra'ilu, Sulemanu, Bitrus, da sauransu da aka kashe a kan Gallows Hill bisa ga asusun jana'izarsu a wannan wurin.

Shafin farko na kisan jama'a a Richmond a cikin 1800 shine Gallows Hill, kusa da Canal da 1st Streets, wanda ke cikin 'yan tubalan tsohuwar Cocin Baptist. Gidan binnewar Shockoe Bottom na Afirka ya zama babban wurin kisa bayan 1806, da kuma Gidan binnewa na Shockoe Hill na Afirka bayan 1816.

Shekaru da yawa bayan sake gano shi a cikin shekarun 1990, wasu sun yi imanin cewa Shockoe Bottom African Burial Ground shine wurin kisa da binne Gabriel da mabiyansa, bayan tawaye da suka gaza.[undefined] Koyaya, bincike na bayanan birni da masana kamar Michael L. Nicholls da sauransu suka yi ya nuna cewa 'wurin da aka saba da shi' na kisa a Richmond a lokacin da aka hukunta su 1800 shine Gallows Hill, wanda ke kusa da Canal Street da 1st Street, 'yan tubalan daga tsohuwar Ikilisiyar Baptist. [undefined] [3] [undefined] [5] [6] The Burial Ground for Negroes in Shockoe Bottom, kamar yadda aka sani a tarihi, ya zama 'wurin al'ada' na kisa bayan 1806. [5] [6] [undefined][undefined][undefined][2][4][1]￼

## Manazarta