open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Kungiyar Bankin Al Baraka

**Kungiyar Bankin Al Baraka**.S.C. (c) ("ABG" / "Group") an ba da lasisi a matsayin Kamfanin Kasuwancin Zuba Jari - Category 1 (Musulmi) ta Babban Bankin Bahrain. Yana da babbar kungiya ta kasa da kasa ta Musulunci da ke ba da sabis na kudi ta hanyar rassan banki a cikin ƙasashe 13 da ke ba wa tallace-tallace, kamfanoni, baitulmalin da sabis na saka hannun jari, daidai da ka'idodin Shari'a ta Musulunci.[1]

Kungiyar tana da fa'ida mai yawa tare da ayyukan a Jordan, Masar, Tunisiya, Bahrain, Sudan, Turkiyya, Afirka ta Kudu, Aljeriya, Pakistan, Lebanon da Siriya, ban da rassa biyu a Iraki da ofishin wakilin a Libya kuma yana ba da sabis a cikin rassa sama da 600. Cibiyar sadarwa ta ABG tana hidimtawa yawan jama'a kusan biliyan daya. Babban birnin da aka ba da izini na ABG ya kai dala biliyan 2.5.

## Tarihi
A cikin 2013, Al Baraka Turk, reshen Turkiyya na Bankin Al Baraka, ya ba da sanarwar ƙaddamar da rancen dala miliyan 250. Wannan kayan aikin Shari'a an tsara shi azaman yarjejeniya ta bangarori biyu kuma za a yi amfani da shi don ayyukan kudi na bankin.

A cikin 2017, Al Baraka Group da Flat6labs sun shiga cikin Yarjejeniyar fahimta don yin aiki tare a kan ayyuka daban-daban da nufin inganta tsarin farawa da Kasuwanci. MOU ya haɗa da shirye-shirye kamar raba ilimi da ƙwarewa, da kuma jagorantar farawa na fintech. An gudanar da bikin sanya hannu a hedkwatar Al Baraka a Bahrain Bay . 

Har ila yau, MoU tana da niyyar sauƙaƙe shirye-shiryen hadin gwiwar fasaha na gaba. Babban tanadi na MoU ya haɗa da musayar ilimi, tare da ABG yana ba da ƙwarewa a banki na Islama don amfanin LFB. Yarjejeniyar ta kuma mayar da hankali kan inganta hadin kai a cikin banki, ayyukan kudi na kasuwanci, gudanar da ruwa, saka hannun jari, raba bayanai, da musayar ra'ayoyi.

## Kasancewar Duniya
Cibiyar sadarwa ta duniya ta Al Baraka Group tana cikin ƙasashe 13, da kuma ƙarƙashin Al Baraka da sauran sunayen alama.

## Manazarta
Majalisar Shari'a ta Saudi Arabia

**Majalisar Koli ta [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]]** (Arabic) majalisa ce mai mambobi guda bakwai da Sarki ya naɗa a cikin tsarin shari'a na Masarautar ƙasar Saudi Arabia . Tana kula da ƙananan kotuna na Saudi Arabia - kula da ayyukan alƙalai da sabbin nadin shari'a  - amma kuma tana ba da "ra'ayoyin shari'a, ba da shawara ga Sarki, da sake duba hukunce-hukuncen da suka shafi mutuwa, dutse, ko yankewa" (bisa ga bayanin Shekarar 2006 na Jami'ar Shari'a ta Washington).  Ministan Shari'a yana aiki a matsayin shugaban Majalisar.

Ya zuwa dokar da aka yi a watan Janairun 2013, majalisar za ta kasance ƙarƙashin jagorancin ministan shari'a kuma mambobinta za su hada da babban alƙali na Kotun Koli ta Saudi Arabia (wanda aka ƙirƙira ta hanyar sake fasalin daga baya), shugabannin kotun ɗaukaka ƙara guda huɗu, mataimakin ministan shariʼa, shugaban Ofishin Bincike da Masu gabatar da ƙara.  Lokacin aiki na membobin majalisa shine shekaru huɗu, farawa a ranar 15 ga Janairun Shekarar  2013. 

## Mambobin
Ya zuwa wata doka ta watan Janairun shekarar 2013, membobinta sun kasance

* Mohammed al-Issa (Ministan Shari'a, shugaban Majalisar Koli ta Shari'a) 
* Sheikh Ghaihab bin Mohammed Al-Ghaihab (Babban Alkalin Kotun Koli) 
* Sheikh Shafi Al-Haqbani (Mai Shari'a na Kotun daukaka kara) 
* Sheikh Mubasher Al-Gharman (Mai Shari'a na Kotun daukaka kara) 
* Sheikh Saud Al-Muejib (Mai Shari'a na Kotun daukaka kara) 
* Sheikh Mohammed Mirdad (Mai Shari'a na Kotun daukaka kara) 
* Sheikh Abdul Aziz Al-Nessar
* Sheikh Nasser Al-Mohaimeed
* Sheikh Fahd Al-Majed
* Sheikh Farhan bin Yahya Al-Faify
* Sheikh Saeed bin Brek Al-Garny
* Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdullah Al-Jarallah
* Sheikh Ibrahim bin Ali Al-Dhale
* Shiekh Abdurahman bin Mohammed Al-Hussain
* Shiekh Nasser bin Hamad Al-Wahaibi. 

## Tsoffin mambobin

* Sheikh Abdullah Al-Yahya (tsohon sakatare janar na majalisa, an cire shi daga mukaminsa a watan Janairun Shdakatar 2013) 
* Sheikh Saleh Al Luhaidan (tsohon babban alƙali na Majalisar,   an cire shi daga matsayinsa a watan Fabrairun 2009. ) 

## Dubi kuma

* Tsarin shari'a na Saudi Arabia
* Shari'a ta Saudi Arabia

## Manazarta
Fadar Basheer Bagh

**Fadar Basheer Bagh** ko **Fadar Bashir Bagh** fada ce da ke Garin Hyderabad, Telangana, Ƙasar Indiya . Sir Asman Jah ne ya gina ta, memba na dangin Paigah mai daraja kuma Firayim Minista na Jihar Hyderabad (1887-1894). An rushe fadar a cikin shekarar 1970s.

## Tarihi

Ta taɓa zama fadar sarauta tare da manyan gine-gine da kyakkyawan ciki. Gwamnatin jihar ta rushe fadar bayan samun 'Yancin kai na Indiya, amma har yanzu ana kiran yankin da Basheerbagh .  An gina wannan fadar a cikin Shekarar  1880. 

Wannan wurin yana da bambancin zama mai karɓar baƙuncin wasan kwaikwayo ga malamin gargajiya na Hindustani, Bade Ghulam Ali Khan, wanda ya zauna a nan a cikin shekarun ƙarshe na rayuwarsa, wanda Zahir Yar Jung ya tallafawa. Ya mutu a wannan fadar a ranar 25 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 1968.  Bayan kawar da jagirs a shekarar 1949, Zahir Yar Jung da sauran jikokin Asman Jah ba su iya kula da fadar ba wanda ya haifar da watsi da dukiyar da kuma sauran Iyalan fadar. Daga baya, an sayar da wasu sassan ƙasar a cikin shekara 1960.

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Hoton fadar Bashir Bagh
* Hoton fadar
Elizabeth Hallam Smith

**Elizabeth Mary **Hallam** Smith** CB FSA FRHistS (née Hallam; *An haife ta* 5 Nuwamba 1950)  masanin tarihin Ingilishi ne kuma ƙwararren masaniyar bayanai wanda ya kasance mai kula da ɗakin karatu na House of Lords Library daga 2006 zuwa 2016. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta rike mukamin kuma ita ce ta farko da za ta rike mukaman tare da Daraktan Ayyukan Bayanai.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Hallam Smith a Midsomer Norton, Somerset,  'yar Edwin William Lewis Hallam da Barbara Mary Anthony Hallam. 

Ta sami BA (Hons) da Ph.D. a Jami'ar London .

## Ayyuka
Hallam Smith ta fara aikinta a Ofishin Rubuce-rubucen Jama'a (wanda ya zama The National Archives a 2003), tana aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Mai Tsaro 1976-93,  Darakta na Ayyukan Jama'a 1993-2004, da Darakta Na Kasa da Ayyukan Jamaʼa 2004-2006. A shekara ta 2006 ta shiga ɗakin karatu na majalisa.

An nada ta a matsayin Aboki na Order of the Bath a cikin farar hula (CB) a cikin Kyautar Sabuwar Shekara ta 2017, don hidimomi ga majalisa da al'adun ƙasa. Ita 'yar Bincike ce ta girmamawa a Jami'ar East Anglia da Jami'ar York . Daga 2021 zuwa 2024 ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Society of Antiquaries na London. 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Hallam Smith ta auri Terence Stephen Smith daga 1975 zuwa 2004. Suna da ɗa ɗaya da 'ya mace guda ɗaya

## Littattafai

*  (bugawa ta biyu 2001)  
*  Hallam, Elizabeth M. (1980). Capetian France 987–1328. London: Longman. ISBN 0582489091. (second edition 2001)
Hallam, Elizabeth M. (1984). The Itinerary of Edward II and his Household, 1307–1328. List & Index Society. Vol. 211. London: List & Index Society.
Hallam, Elizabeth M. (1986). Domesday Book through Nine Centuries. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0500250979.
Hallam, Elizabeth M. (1994). Saints: Over 150 patron saints for today. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. ISBN 0297833731.
Hallam, Elizabeth M. (1996). The Chronicles of the Wars of the Roses. Godalming: Bramley. ISBN 1858335884.
Hallam, Elizabeth M. (2000). Chronicles of the Age of Chivalry: the Plantagenet dynasty from 1216 to 1377: Henry III and the three Edwards, the era of the Black Prince and the Black Death. London: Salamander. ISBN 1840652748.
Hallam, Elizabeth M.; Bates, David, eds. (2001). Domesday Book. Stroud: Tempus. ISBN 0752419730.  
* 

## Dubi kuma

* Carla Hayden, mace ta farko mai kula da ɗakin karatu na MajalisaMai kula da Majalisa

## Manazarta
Rebecca Hankins

**Rebecca L.  Hankins** ita ce mai kula da Laburaren Ma'adanai na Afirka a Jami'ar Texas A&amp;amp;M, wanda abubuwan da ke sha'awar bincikensa sun haɗa da karatun mata da jinsi, karatun Gabas ta Tsakiya, Afirka ta Afirka, da Islama a cikin fiction kimiyya da al'adun gargajiya.

## Tarihin rayuwa
Hankins ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Loyola kuma ta sami digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Jihar Louisiana . 

Hankins ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Mai Gidan Litattafai da Mai Gida a Jami'ar Arizona da kuma Mai Gida na Cibiyar Bincike ta Amistad a Jami'an Tulane .  A shekara ta 2003, ta shiga bangaren koyarwa na Jami'ar Texas A&amp;amp;M a matsayin Mataimakin Farfesa da kuma Archivist / Library / Curator for Africana Studies. Ita ce marubuciyar labarai da surori da yawa kuma co-edita (tare da Miguel Juarez) na Where are all the Librarians of Color? *Ina duk masu kula da Launi suke? *Kwarewar Mutanen Launi a cikin Kwalejin (2016). 

Hankins Regent ne na Ci gaban jarrabawa don Kwalejin Masu Gudanar da Tarihi.  An girmama ta a matsayin Fellow na 2016 na Society of American Archivists saboda hidimarta ga aikin adana bayanai da Society. Tana ɗaya daga cikin editocin aikin Musulunci da Fiction na Kimiyya.

A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2016, Shugaba Obama ya nada Hankins a matsayin memba na Hukumar Tarihin Tarihi da Tarihi ta Kasa. 

## Manazarta
Sarah Kenna

**Sarah Kanyike** 'yar siyasar Uganda ce, wacce aka naɗa ta a matsayin ministar tsofaffi da naƙasassu  a ranar 24 ga watan Yuli 2020.  Kafin haka, ta kasance mataimakiyar magajin gari na birnin Kampala, Uganda, babban birni kuma mafi girma a babban birni a ƙasar. An naɗa ta a wannan matsayi a ranar 16 ga watan Yuni 2016.  Yayin da take hidimar mataimakiyar magajin gari, a lokaci guda ta wakilci Makindye ta Gabas a Majalisar Babban Birnin Kampala. 

## Tarihi da ilimi
Kanyike ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Kibuli, kafin ta shiga Jami'ar Makerere, inda ta kammala karatun digiri na farko.  Musulma ce kuma tana sanye da kayan Musulunci. 

## Gogewa a fagen aiki
A lokacin kakar siyasa ta shekarun 2011 zuwa 2016, Sarah Kanyike ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar magajin garin Lord Erias Lukkwago. Ta kuma wakilci Makindye East a Majalisar KCCA daga shekarun 2011 zuwa 2016. A baya, ta yi aiki a matsayin kansila na Makindye East yayin da John Ssebaana Kizito ya kasance magajin gari, tsakanin shekarun 1998 zuwa 2006. Ta taɓa tsayawa takarar kujerar majalisar dokoki ta Gabas ta Makindye.  

A watan Yunin 2020, Shugaba Yoweri Museveni ya zaɓi Sarah Kanyike a matsayin Daraktar jinsi a KCCA. Erias Lukwago, Magajin garin Kampala ya ba ta kwanaki uku don ta yanke shawara; ko dai ta ɗauki naɗin jiha ko kuma ta zauna a matsayin mataimakiyar magajin gari. Kanyike ta zaɓi yin murabus ne a matsayin mataimakiyar magajin gari, Lukwago ya naɗa Doreen Nyanjura a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinta.  

A ranar 24 ga watan Yuli, 2020, shugaban ƙasar ya sake ba da umarnin a naɗa Kanyike a matsayin ƙaramar minista a ma’aikatar tsofaffi da naƙasassu, wanda ya kasance ba kowa. Majiya mai tushe ta kuma bayyana cewa idan mutum ya zama darakta a Kampala Capital City Authority, dole ne ya mallaki digiri na biyu. Kanyike tana da Digiri na farko ne kawai. Majalisar dokokin Uganda ta tantance naɗin nata a majalisar ministoci.   

## Duba kuma

* Majalisar ministocin Uganda
* Babban Birnin Kampala

## Manazarta
Justine Lumumba Kasule

**Justine Lumumba Kasule** malama ne kuma 'yar siyasa 'yar ƙasar Uganda. Ita ce Minista na yanzu, Ofishin Firayim Minista (General Duties), a cikin majalisar ministocin Uganda, tun watan Yuni 2021. 

Kafin haka, ta kasance Sakatare Janar na National Resistance Movement, jam'iyyar siyasa mai mulki a Uganda. An naɗa ta a wannan matsayi a ranar 23 ga watan Disamba 2014, ta maye gurbin Amama Mbabazi.  Kafin wannan lokacin, ta yi aiki a matsayin Babbar Jami'iyar Gwamnati a Majalisar Dokokin Uganda daga watan Mayu 2011 zuwa watan Disamba 2014. Justine Lumumba Kasule kuma ta kasance zaɓaɓɓiyar 'yar majalisar wakilai mai wakiltar mazaɓar Bugiri daga shekarun 2001, har zuwa lokacin da ta yi murabus a watan Disamba 2014. 

## Tarihi da ilimi
An haife ta a gundumar Bugiri a ranar 22 ga watan Nuwamba 1972. Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta St. Anthony a Nkokonjeru don karatun matakin O. Daga nan ta koma makarantar sakandire ta St. Joseph da ke Naggalama, don karatunta na A-Level. A cikin shekarar 1993, an shigar da ita Jami'ar Makerere, inda ta kammala digiri na farko a fannin fasaha tare da difloma a lokaci guda a fannin ilimi, a shekarar 1996.  

## Aiki
Daga shekarun 1996 zuwa 1997 ta yi aiki a matsayin malama. Daga shekarun 1997 zuwa 1998, ta yi aiki a matsayin Mukaddashiyar Sufeto a Makarantun gundumarta. Daga shekarun 1998 zuwa 2001, ta yi aiki a matsayin babbar jami'ar ilimi a ma'aikatar ilimi. A cikin shekarar 2001, an zaɓe ta zuwa majalisar dokoki, a kan tikitin jam'iyyar siyasa ta National Resistance Movement, don zama wakiliyar mata na gundumar Bugiri. An sake zaɓen ta daga shekarun 2001 zuwa 2014, lokacin da ta sauka daga muƙamin sakatariyar jam'iyyar siyasa ta National Resistance Movement mai mulki.   A cikin watan Mayu 2011, an naɗa ta a matsayin Babbar Jami'iyar Gwamnati, wacce ta maye gurbin John Nasasira.  

## Sauran la'akari
Ita uwa ce mai aure sannan tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu. Ita 'yar Roman Katolika ce.

## Duba kuma

* Majalisar ministocin Uganda
* Majalisar Uganda

## Manazarta
Loy Katali

**Loy Katali** (an haife ta a ranar 12 ga watan Oktoba 1975) 'yar siyasar ƙasar Uganda ce kuma akawunta. Ita ce wakiliyar mata a gundumar Jinja a majalisar dokoki ta 10 ta Uganda. Tana da alaƙa da jam'iyyar siyasa ta National Resistance Movement.  

## Bayanan ilimi
A cikin shekarar 2000, an ba ta digiri na farko a fannin kasuwanci daga Jami'ar Makerere.  A shekarar 2008, ta sami takardar shedar daga Association of Chartered Certified Accountants, UK sannan ta kammala Masters of Business Administration daga Jami'ar Makerere a shekarar 2009.  

## Tarihin aiki
Daga shekarun 2012 zuwa 2015, ta yi aiki a matsayin jami'iyar kuɗi a IGAD sannan ta shiga ma'aikatar kwadago ta ƙasar Sudan ta Kudu a matsayin mai ba da shawara (ƙwararriya kan harkokin kuɗi) daga shekarun 2009 zuwa 2011.  Loy ta kasance akawunta ta kuɗi  a The Microfinance Support Center Ltd daga shekarun 2004 zuwa 2008.   Tsakanin shekarun 2003 zuwa 2004, ta kasance mai kula da akanta a hukumar raya ruwa.  A cikin lokacin 2001-2003, an ɗauke ta aiki a matsayin Akantan Ayyuka a Ofishin Kididdiga na Uganda.   Tsakanin shekarun 2000 zuwa 2001, ta yi aiki a matsayin akawuntar gudanarwa a CELFMARK.  Daga baya Loy ta shiga majalisar dokokin Uganda a matsayin 'yar majalisar daga shekarun 2016 zuwa yau.    Duk da yake a majalisar dokokin Uganda, ta yi aiki a jikin kwararru a Cibiyar sanarwar jama'a na Uganda da kuma ƙungiyar masu ba da izini na Uni Burtaniya. Bugu da kari, ta yi aiki a kwamitin kuɗi, tsare-tsare da ci gaban tattalin arziki a matsayin mataimakiyar shugaba.  

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Ta yi aure.  Tana da sha'awa ta musamman wajen taimakon ma buƙata irinsu gwauraye da marayu. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokoki na goma na Uganda
* National Resistance Movement
* Gundumar Jinja
* Majalisar Uganda

## Manazarta
Oliver Katwesigye Koyekyenga

**Oliver Katwesigye Koyekyenga** (an haife ta a ranar 14 ga watan Nuwamba 1975  ) 'yar kasuwa ce kuma 'yar majalisa. Ya zuwa  Afrilu 2020, a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin zaɓaɓɓiya wakiliyar mata a gundumar Buhweju a majalisar dokoki ta goma ta Uganda.  Ta wakilci mazaɓa ɗaya a majalisar dokokin Uganda ta tara a matsayin mamba na National Resistance Movement. Sannan ta tsaya takara a matsayin 'yar takara mai zaman kanta a babban zaɓen shekarar 2016. 

## Tarihi da ilimi
Oliver Katwesigye Koyekyenga ta samu O Levels (Uganda Certificate of Education ) a Butare Senior Secondary School a shekarar  1995 kafin ta zauna rubuta jarabawar A Levels (Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education) a Lugogo Hall Center a shekarar 2006. Ta kuma yi digirin farko a fannin kasuwanci na ƙasa da ƙasa  a jami’ar Makerere wacce ta samu a shekarar 2009.  

## Aiki
Tsakanin shekarun 2007 da 2009, Oliver Katwesigye Koyekyenga ta yi aiki a matsayin Manajar Ayyuka a Coyetee sannan a matsayin Manajar Harkokin Kasuwanci a Hoopoe Tours da Travel, Kampala daga shekarun 2009 zuwa 2013. 

Bayan mutuwar a shekarar 2013 na Joy Arinaitwe Kariisa,  mace 'yar majalisa a lokacin Buhweju District, Oliver Koyekyenga ta tsaya takarar kujera a kan tikitin National Resistance Movement    ta samu nasara a kan Jane Frida Bwiruka.  

Ta tsaya takara a matsayin ‘yar takara mai zaman kanta a babban zaɓen shekarar 2016 domin ci gaba da riƙe kujerar.  Ta zauna akan kwamitocin majalisa akalla 2.

## Manazarta
Bangirana Kawooya Anifa

**Bangirana Kawooya Anifa** (an haife ta a ranar 21 ga watan Janairu 1957), 'yar siyasar ƙasar Uganda ce wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin mai wakiltar Mata daga shekarun 2000 zuwa 2020 Memba ta Majalisar kuma yanzu tana wakiltar Mawogola West Constituency Ssembabule a cikin Majalisar Ugandan (2021 na zamani).  A lokaci guda kuma tana aiki a matsayin mamba a kwamitocin Daidaita Dama da Harkokin Waje (Equal opportunities and Foreign affairs committees). 

## Tarihi da ilimi
An haife ta a gundumar Ssembabule a Uganda, ranar 21 ga watan Janairu 1957. 

Ta sami digiri na farko a Arts and Development Studies wanda jami'ar Nkumba  ta bayar a shekarar 2004. Daga baya a shekara ta 2001, wannan jami'a ta ba ta digiri na biyu a fannin dangantakar ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarar 2007. 

## Aiki da siyasa
Kafin ta zama 'yar majalisar dokokin Uganda a shekara ta 2001, Anifa&nbsp;Ta yi aiki a matsayin Wakiliyar Majalisar Mazaɓu  (1993-1995), ta yi aiki a matsayin Sakatariyar Yaɗa Labarai na Majalisar Mata ta Ƙasa a shekarar (1998-2002)  sannan ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar hakimin gundumar Rakai kuma a matsayin mai magana da yawun ƙaramar hukumar Ssembabule, a matsayin ma'aji na kungiyar Resistance Movement ta ƙasa. 

A cikin shekarar 2016 ta zama memba a majalisar dokokin Panafrica na zamani  

Ta kasance cikin jam'iyyar siyasa ta National Resistance Movement mai mulki. 

## Manazarta
Winnie Kiiza

**Winifred Kiiza** (an haife ta a ranar 26 ga watan Nuwamba 1972) malama ce  kuma 'yar siyasa 'yar ƙasar Uganda, wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin Jagorar 'yan adawa a Majalisar Ugandan, daga watan Mayu 2016  har zuwa watan Agusta 2018.  Betty Aol Ochan ta maye gurbinta a matsayin shugabar adawa. 

Ta kuma kasance 'yar majalisa mai wakiltar matan gundumar Kasese a majalisar dokokin Uganda ta 10 a shekarar (2016 zuwa 2021). 

## Tarihi da ilimi
An haifi Winifred Kiiza a ranar 26 ga watan Nuwamba 1972, a Ƙauyen Nsenyi, ƙaramar hukumar Kisinga, gundumar Kasese, a Yankin Yamma na Uganda. Mahaifiyarta, Modesty Muke, ta kasance mai goyon bayan jam'iyyar siyasa ta Uganda Peoples Congress (UPC), yayin da mahaifinta, Kanyere Constance Muke, na jam'iyyar Democratic Party (DP). Mahaifin Kiiza ya rasu tana da shekara goma, inda ya bar kulawar ta da na ‘yan uwanta a hannun uwa ɗaya tilo da ba ta da aikin yi. 

Ta halarci makarantar firamare ta Nsenyi, Makarantar Firamare ta Kajwenge da kuma Kisinga Primary School domin karatun firamare. Don karatun matakin O-Level, ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Saadi Memorial, inda ta koma makarantar Saint Maria Goretti a Fort Portal na shekaru biyu na ƙarshe na makarantar sakandare. 

Daga baya ta halarci Kwalejin Nazarin Kasuwanci ta Ƙasa (NCBS), a Nakawa, Kampala, a lokacin ta rikiɗe zuwa Makarantar Kasuwancin Jami'ar Makerere (MUBS). 

## Gogewa a fagen aiki
Kiiza ta fara koyarwa ne a makarantar almater ɗinta, Kisinga Primary School, a lokacin hutun da ta yi a jarabawar Senior 4. Haka ta yi a makarantar Saint Maria Goretti, inda ta koyar a can bayan kammala jarrabawar A-Level.  A daidai lokacin da aka gina babban asibitin Bwera, ta yi aiki da ɗaya daga cikin ƴan kwangilar, a sashen shagunan su. Daga baya ta yi aiki da wani kamfanin jagora a wurin shakatawa na Sarauniya Elizabeth a kusa. 

## Aikin siyasa
Kiiza ta shiga harkokin siyasa na cikakken lokaci ya faru ne a kakar siyasar shekarun 1996 zuwa 2001, inda ta yi aiki a ƙaramar hukumar Kasese a matsayin sakatariyar kuɗi ta gundumar. A cikin 2001, an sake zaɓen ta a matsayin 'yar majalisar gundumomi, ta zama Sakatariyar Ilimi kuma daga baya Sakatariyar Ayyukan Jama'a.  Ta tsaya takarar kujerar majalisar mata ta gundumar Kasese a shekarar 2006, kan tikitin jam'iyyar siyasa ta Forum for Democratic Change (FDC). Ta yi nasara kuma an zaɓe ta ax 2011  da kuma a cikin 2016. 

A watan Mayun 2016, Kiiza, mai shekaru 44, an naɗa ta  shugabar 'yan adawa a majalisar dokokin Uganda, wanda ya sa ta zama mace ta farko da ta hau wannan matsayi a tarihin ƙasar.

A ranar 16 ga watan Yuli, 2020, ta ba da sanarwar cewa ba za ta sake neman zama 'yar majalisar dokokin Uganda ba ta sake kawo karshen mulkinta na shekaru 15 a matsayin 'yar majalisar mata ta Kasese duk da cewa har yanzu tana da farin jini.  

## Iyali
Kiiza tana da aure kuma uwace.  

## Duba kuma

* Rikici Kasese
* Joy Doreen Biira

## Manazarta
Dorothy Detzer

Dorothy Detzer (Disamba 1, 1893 a Ft. Wayne, Indiana - Janairu 7, 1981 a Monterey, California ) [1] ya kasance na tsawon shekaru ashirin da biyu a matsayin Sakatariyar Zartarwa ta Kasa ta Amurka na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Duniya don Aminci da 'Yanci (1924-1946).

## Tarihin Rayuwa
A matsayinsa na wanda ya kammala karatun sakandare, Detzer ya yanke shawarar daina karatun kwalejin gargajiya, inda ya zaɓi tafiya a Gabas mai Nisa kuma ya zauna na ɗan lokaci a Philippines . Dawowa Amurka, ta tafi zama a Hull House, tana halartar Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a da Tallafawa ta Chicago yayin da take aiki a matsayin jami'ar kungiyar kare yara . 

A ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya, ta yi shekara ɗaya a Ostiriya tana aikin agaji ga Kwamitin Sabis na Abokan Amirka (AFSC). Daga baya ta yi shekaru biyu a Rasha a matsayin mai kula da agajin yunwa na AFSC a kwarin Volga . Ganin yadda yaƙe-yaƙe na yaƙi da kuma jimre da asarar ɗan’uwanta tagwaye Don, wanda aka yi masa iskar gas a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya kuma ya mutu daga rashin lafiya mai dadewa, ya tabbatar wa Detzer cewa aikin zamantakewa bai isa ba kuma tana so ta yi aiki da himma don ayyukan zaman lafiya . Bayan dawowarta Amurka a 1924, Detzer ta zama sakatariyar WILPF ta ƙasa, Sashen Amurka. 

Detzer ya jajirce don fara bincike na majalisa da yawa, musamman wanda Sanata Gerald P. Nye ya kaddamar akan masana'antar bindigogi (1933-1936). Ta taka rawar gani wajen mai da hankali kan yadda ake cin zarafin kasashen Afirka, musamman Habasha da Laberiya, ta hanyar amincewar kasuwancin Amurka, kuma gwamnatin Laberiya ta ba ta lambar yabo ta Humane Order of African Redemption a 1933 saboda wannan kokarin. Ta kuma tabbatar da nadin mace (Mary Woolley) ga tawagar Amurka a taron kwance damara a Geneva (1932), ta yi aiki don amincewa da Rasha a matsayin memba na dangin al'ummomi da 'yanci ga Cuba daga shiga tsakani na Amurka, kuma ta yi jayayya da rashin tsaka-tsaki yayin da Amurka ta fuskanci yakin duniya na biyu. 

An ba da tarihin abubuwan da suka faru na shekaru ashirin a Washington a cikin littafinta *na Alƙawari a kan Tudun* (1948) wanda aka rubuta shekara ta bayan ta yi murabus tare da WILPF. Ta auri Ludwell Denny, ɗan jarida, a cikin 1954 kuma ta shafe shekaru da yawa masu zuwa a matsayin wakilin waje. Ba da daɗewa ba kafin mutuwar mijinta a 1970, Dennys sun bar Washington, DC zuwa Kogin Yamma, inda Dorothy Detzer Denny ta kasance a Monterey, California, har zuwa mutuwarta. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin sunayen masu fafutukar zaman lafiya

## Manazarta
Sauda Kauma

**Sauda Kauma **'yar siyasar ƙasar Uganda ce kuma wakiliyar majalisar dokoki a gundumar Iganga a majalisar dokoki ta goma sha ɗaya na kasar Uganda.      Tana da alaƙa da jam'iyyar National Resistance Movement.    

## Aikin siyasa
Sauda ta zauna a kwamitin dokoki, gata da ladabtarwa a majalisar dokoki ta goma sha ɗaya ta Uganda  wadda Hon. Abdu Katuntu yake jagoranta.

## Sauran ayyuka
Sauda ta ba da gudummawar Kayayyakin Kariya na Keɓaɓɓu da silinda gas ga wasu  ma’aikatan lafiya a gundumar Iganga yayin yaƙi da cutar COVID-19 a shekarar 2021.  Ta kuma roki gwamnatin jamhuriyar kasar Uganda da ta ɗaukaka babban asibitin Iganga zuwa matsayin Asibitin mai kyau. 

Sauda ta kasance tana magana akan tashin hankalin gida a gundumar Iganga.  Ta kuma buƙaci shugaban ƙasar Uganda Yoweri kaguta Museveni da ya kafa masana'antar sarrafa rake a gundumar Iganga don taimakawa manoman yankin Busoga da kuma shugaban ƙasa ya kafa asusu na musamman da zai taimaka wajen ceto masu kafa da suka samu lamuni daga bankuna a cikin farashin Rake da ke faduwa.  

## Duba kuma

# Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokoki na goma sha daya na Uganda
# Harriet Businge
# Majalisar Uganda
# National Resistance Movement

## Manazarta
Grace Kaudha

**Grace Kaudha**, wacce aka fi sani da Grace Hailat Kaudha Magumba, (14 Oktoba 1986-1 Yuli 2017) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Uganda kuma 'yar majalisa ce wacce ta kasance wakiliyar mata a gundumar Iganga a majalisar dokokin Uganda ta 10 a shekarar 2016.  Tana da alaƙa da jam'iyyar National Resistance Movement. 

Ta rasu ne a Asibitin Referral na Mulago sakamakon ciwon ciki.

## Aiki
Ita ce mai wakiltar Mata a gundumar Iganga wacce ta maye gurbin Kabaale Kwagala Olivia, kuma ta yi aiki a kwamitin dokoki, ɗa'a da gata da kuma kwamitin kula da jinsi, kwadago da ci gaban zamantakewa.  

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Ta kasance matar Ibrahim Tooto kuma uwace da take da ɗa guda ɗaya.  

## Mutuwa
Lokacin da Kaudha ta shiga nakuda, ta nemi kulawar likita a wani asibiti mai zaman kansa. Sai dai likita ɗaya tilo na asibitin bai samu ganinta ba, sai aka tilasta mata zuwa wani asibiti na daban, ita ma ba ta da ma’aikata.  Ta rasu ne a Asibitin Referral na Mulago da ke Kawempe a ranar Asabar 1 ga watan Yuli 2017 da karfe 2:00 na rana.  An ce mutuwarta ya faru ne sakamakon wani yanayi da ake kira pre-eclampsia da ke haifar da matsalolin ciki,  kuma da an iya hana ta idan ta sami damar samun ingantacciyar lafiya.  An yi jana'izar ta a ƙauyen Magogo, ƙaramar hukumar Nawangi a gundumar Iganga.  

## Duba kuma

* Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokoki na goma na Uganda
* Majalisar Uganda
* National Resistance Movement

## Manazarta
Myrtle Solomon

Myrtle Solomon (9 Yuni 1921 - 22 Afrilu 1987) ɗan Burtaniya ne mai fafutuka . Ita ce babbar sakatariyar kungiyar 'Peace Pledge Union' (PPU), wata kungiyar masu fafutukar tabbatar da zaman lafiya ta Burtaniya, tsakanin 1965 zuwa 1972, kuma shugabar kungiyar 'yan adawa ta War Resisters International (WRI) tsakanin 1975 zuwa 1986.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Sulemanu a Kensington, London, na uku cikin yara biyar na iyayen Yahudawa masu sassaucin ra'ayi da wadata. Mahaifinta lauya ne, yayin da mahaifiyarta ta fito daga dangin da ke kula da kantin Lewis a Manchester .  Kafin yakin duniya na biyu iyayenta sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen taimakawa Yahudawa 'yan gudun hijira daga Jamus da Ostiriya.

Sulemanu ya halarci Makarantar ’Yan Mata ta St Paul amma ya bar yana da shekara 16. A cikin Yaƙin Duniya na biyu ta yi aiki na shekara guda tare da Sabis na Sa-kai na Mata suna tuƙi gidan cin abinci ta hannu .  Ba tukuna mai zaman lafiya ba sai ta yi aiki a masana'antar kera makamai. Wannan gogewa ta juya ta zama mai son mata. Mata masu aikin ƙwararru ana biyansu ƙasa da mazan da suka share benaye. Wani batu da ya dame ta a lokacin shi ne dokar kasa ta Burtaniya inda wani dan Birtaniya zai iya mika wa matarsa ‘yar kasarsa amma wata ‘yar Burtaniya ba za ta iya mayar da mijinta Bature ba. 

## Ƙaunar mata
Bayan yaƙin Myrtle Solomon ta shiga ƙungiyar da ake kira "Women for Westminster" da ke yaƙin neman zaɓe a kan batutuwan mata kuma a nan ne ta sadu da Sybil Morrison, wata 'yar madigo, wadda ta kasance mai fafutukar kawo zaman lafiya kuma memba na Ƙungiyar Alƙawarin Zaman Lafiya: "Na yaba mata sosai kuma na koyi abubuwa da yawa daga gare ta, kuma ya zama dabi'a a gare ni don zama ɗan pacifist."  Sun zama abokai na kud da kud kuma suna rayuwa tare a lokacin mutuwar Morrison a 1984.

## Pacifism
Solomon ya fara aiki da PPU a 1957 a matsayin mai shiryawa na yankin London. Babban Sakatare 1965 – 1972, an ba ta lambar yabo da sake ƙarfafa PPU bayan ta rasa membobi zuwa Gangamin Kare Makaman Nukiliya a ƙarshen 1950s da farkon 1960s. Ta wakilci PPU a kan War Resisters International na tsawon shekaru shida kuma a cikin 1975 aka zabe shi shugabar WRI, zaben da ta danganta ga gaskiyar cewa ita mace ce.  Amma, kamar yadda yake tare da PPU, WRI yana kusa da rushewa kuma Sulemanu ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ceto shi, don wani lokaci yana zaune a ginin a Brussels inda ofisoshin WRI suke.

Wani muhimmin batu na zaman Sulemanu a WRI shi ne jawabin da ta yi wa taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan kwance damara a shekara ta 1982, ciki har da abin lura: "Maganar kwance damara ta zama al'adar tatsuniya - rawan macabre mai ban mamaki na miliyoyin kalmomi - amma ba a taɓa ajiye makaman ba. 

Myrtle Solomon kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar Asusun Amincewar Gidan Lansbury (LHTF). Ta ba da kuɗi ga LHTF don kafa Asusun Tunawa da Myrtle Solomon don tattarawa, bugawa da kuma kula da binciken ƙasa da ƙasa kan aikin soja na dole da kuma tanadin ƙin yarda da imaninsu. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin sunayen masu fafutukar zaman lafiya

## Manazarta
Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Biathlon 2023 - na maza

**Gasar mutum na 20km na mutum a Gasar Duniya ta Biathlon 2023** an gudanar da ita a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu 2023.

## Sakamako
An fara tseren ne da karfe 14:30.

## Manazarta
Mata na Napalm

Matan Napalm shine sunan da aka danganta ga wasu mata hudu na Amurka masu fafutuka da aka lura da su don toshe jigilar bama-bamai na napalm zuwa Vietnam a lokacin yakin Vietnam. Masu fafutukar neman zaman lafiya su ne Joyce McLean, Beverly Farquhar, Lisa Kalvelage, da Aileen Hutchinson. [1]

## Fage
McLean, Farquhar, Kalvelage da Hutchinson duk sun kasance ɓangare na Matan Strike for Peace (WSP), motsi mai mahimmanci ga Yakin Cold da kuma sojojin Amurka.  A shekara ta 1965, motsi ya yi aiki don adawa da shigar Amurka a Vietnam da kuma mambobinsa biyu, Mary Clarke da Lorraine Gordon sun zama wakilai na farko na yunkurin zaman lafiya na Amurka don ziyarci Vietnam. Zanga-zangar ta WSP ta mayar da hankali ne kan yadda Amurkawa ke amfani da abubuwan da ba su dace ba a cikin rikicin, wanda ya raunata yaran Vietnam.  A cikin bazara na 1965, Amurkawa sun fara amfani da bama-bamai na napalm. An yi amfani da shi don cajin foliage da mutane don zubar da abokan gaba a fili. 

## Ayyukan aiki
Hankalin jama'a game da kera da tasirin bama-baman napalm ya karu bayan da aka fara bayyana adadin wadanda suka mutu, wanda ya kai dubunnan mutane. McLean, Farquhar, Kalvelage da Hutchinson sun zama masu sha'awar yin amfani da bama-bamai na napalm a matsayin wani ɓangare na mayar da hankali ga WSP don inganta zaman lafiya kamar yadda aka gabatar a cikin mahallin uwa.  An baje su akai-akai ga labarai da mujallu da suka shafi amfani da bama-bamai na napalm.  Majiyoyin su sun hada da *Gidan Ladies*, wanda aka lura da shi don bayyana mummunan tasirin napalm kamar hotunan yara da aka kona. 

Dangane da bayanan jigilar kaya, sun toshe jigilar napalm na Kamfanin Dow Chemical a cikin 1966.  Za a jigilar bama-baman ne a San Jose, California. Washegari, sun ƙaura zuwa gundumar Alviso, inda suka hana jigilar bama-bamai zuwa wani jirgin ruwa. Wannan ya jinkirta jigilar jigilar na yini guda, saboda ya sa jirgin ya ɓace.  Ayyukan matan hudu kuma sun haɗa da ƙoƙarinsu na toshe jigilar bama-bamai a kusa da Vallejo . 

An kama McLean, Farquhar, Kalvelage da Hutchinson kuma an yanke musu hukunci. Sun ja hankalin ‘yan jarida inda suka kira matan da ‘yan matan napalm yayin da wasu ke musu lakabi da ‘yan ta’addar uwar gida.  

## Tasiri
A cewar McLean, da gangan sun so su bayyana a matsayin mata masu matsakaicin matsayi yayin zanga-zangar.  Sun yi ƙoƙari su haɓaka tasirin jama'a ta hanyar wasa a kan matsayinsu na zamantakewa kuma sun yi ado da sashin yayin da suke sanye da manyan takalmi, safa, safar hannu, da lu'ulu'u yayin zanga-zangar.  Wannan yunkuri ya ba da gudummawa ga karuwar hotunan matan Amurka, matan gida, da mata masu hankali, wanda ya taimaka wajen mayar da hankalin yakin Vietnam daga yakin soja zuwa tasirin zamantakewa da tunani.  A cikin Janairu 1967, 2,500 WSP masu zanga-zangar sun yi zanga-zanga a gaban Pentagon don adawa da yakin.  Har ila yau an ce gwagwarmayar matan napalm na da matukar tasiri ga matasa 'yan jarida irin su The New York Times ' Tom Wicker . 

## Manazarta
Kogin Hinokinai

**Embankment kogin Hinokinai** (檜木内川堤, Hinokinaikawa zutsumi) wuri ne da aka keɓance a cikin ƙasar Semboku, lardin Akita, Japan.

## Bayani
Kogin Hinokinai yana da nisan kilomita 33 na kogin Tanaga, kuma yana bi ta unguwar Kakunodate na birnin Semboku. An dasa nisan kilomita biyu na shingen kogin tare da daruruwan bishiyar Somei Yoshino sakura a cikin 1934 don tunawa da haihuwar sarki Heisei. Tare da sanannen wurin zama na samurai na Kakunodate, furannin ceri a cikin bazara babban abin jan hankali ne na lardin kuma a cikin 1990 an zaɓi ɗaya daga cikin "Ƙungiyoyin Mafi kyawun Cherry Blossom Spots 100 a Japan" ta ƙungiyar "Japan Sakura Association"

## Manazarta
Hannah Clothier Hull

Hannah Hallowell Clothier Hull (Yuli 21, 1872 - Yuli 4, 1958) yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Amurka, ƴan mata, kuma mai son zaman lafiya, ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa da jagororin Jam'iyyar Zaman Lafiya ta Mata da Ƙungiyar Mata ta Duniya don Zaman Lafiya da 'Yanci.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Hannah Hallowell Clothier a Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, ga iyayen Quaker Isaac Hallowell Clothier da Mary Clapp Jackson Clothier. Mahaifinta shi ne wanda ya kafa manyan shagunan Strawbridge &amp;amp; Clothier . Ta sauke karatu daga Swarthmore College a 1891.  Dan uwanta William Clothier kwararre ne dan wasan tennis wanda ya kai wasan karshe na gasar US Open (tenis) sau uku, inda ya yi nasara a shekarar 1906.

## Sana'a

Hull ta ba da aikin sa kai a Makarantar Matsakaicin Kwalejin da ke Philadelphia bayan ta kammala karatun ta a Swarthmore. 

Hull ya halarci taron Hague na biyu don zaman lafiya na duniya a 1907. Ta kasance shugabar Jam'iyyar Zaman Lafiya ta Mata a Pennsylvania daga 1914 zuwa 1919,  ta hanyar Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya . A 1922 ta halarci taron mata na duniya da aka gudanar a Hague.  Daga 1928 zuwa 1947, Hull yana cikin kwamitin Sabis na Abokan Amurka . A cikin 1932 Hull ta kasance wakilai zuwa taron kwance damara na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya .  Ta kasance jami'a na reshen Amurka na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Duniya don Aminci da 'Yanci daga 1924 har zuwa 1939,  sannan ta rike mukamin shugabar girmamawa har zuwa mutuwarta a 1958. 

Ita ce shugabar Ƙungiyar Mata ta Swarthmore, kuma ta jagoranci kwamitin zaɓe na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Jihar Pennsylvania. Ta kasance a cikin kwamitin gudanarwa a Pendle Hill, cibiyar komawar Quaker a Wallingford, Pennsylvania . 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Hannah Clothier ta auri 'yar'uwarta Quaker William Isaac Hull, farfesa a kimiyyar siyasa a Kwalejin Swarthmore a 1898.  Suna da 'ya'ya mata biyu, Maryamu da Alisabatu. Hull ya rasu a shekara ta 1939. 

## Mutuwa
Hull ta mutu a shekara ta 1958, bayan bugun zuciya a gidanta da ke Swarthmore, tana da shekara 85.  An binne ta a cikin gidan dangi a West Laurel Hill Cemetery (Sashen Taro) a Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania. Ana adana takaddunta a cikin Tarin Zaman Lafiya na Kwalejin Swarthmore. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin sunayen masu fafutukar zaman lafiya

## Manazarta
Jacques Rolland

**Jacques Rolland** (14 Oktoba 1914, Paris - 11 Satumba 1999) ɗan siyasan Faransa ne. Ya wakilci jam'iyyar masu ra'ayin rikau a majalisar dokokin kasar daga 1956 zuwa 1958. Rolland abokin Emmanuel Levinas ne, wanda aka gabatar ta hanyar sanin juna, mai matsakaicin lokaci Bruno Roy; ya rubuta makala gabatarwa ga littafin Levinas's De l'évasion na 1982, mai take "Fita Daga Kasancewa ta Sabuwar Hanya"

## Manazarta
Lisa Kalvelage

Lieselotte (Lisa) Kalvelage (Afrilu 21, 1923-Maris 8, 2009) Ba'amurke ne haifaffen Jamus wanda ya nuna adawa da sojan Amurka a lokacin Yaƙin Vietnam . Ta kasance daya daga cikin matan da ake kira " matan napalm ". [1] A watan Mayun 1966 a wani wurin ajiyar kaya a gundumar Alviso na San Jose, California, sun zauna a gaban wani bututun mai dauke da bama-baman napalm don nuna rashin amincewarsu da isar da su zuwa Vietnam. [2] Tare da sauran matan uku, an yi mata shari'a kuma aka yanke mata hukunci amma an yanke mata hukuncin dakatar da ita. Pete Seeger yayi amfani da bayanin da ta yi a kotu a cikin wakarsa mai suna "My Name Is Lisa Kalvelage". Kalvelage, wanda ya jagoranci Cibiyar Aminci ta San Jose daga 1967 zuwa 1972, ta kasance mai fafutukar neman zaman lafiya a cikin shekaru tamanin. Ta kasance mai aiki a kungiyoyi da yawa, ciki har da Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Jama'a ta Amirka da Ƙungiyar Mata ta Duniya don Aminci da 'Yanci . [3] [4]

## Rayuwar farko da iyali
An haife ta a Nuremberg, Jamus, a ranar 21 ga Afrilu 1923, Lisa ta shafe shekarunta na samartaka don guje wa yawan tashin bama-bamai a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu ta hanyar neman kariya a cikin rumbun gidanta. Bayan yakin, ta sadu da Bernard Kalvelage daga sojojin saman Amurka kuma ta yi hijira zuwa Amurka don aurensa a 1948. Ma'auratan sun zauna a San Jose, California, inda suke da 'ya'ya mata biyar. 

## Anti-yaki gwagwarmaya
An gigice cewa a cikin 1947 Amurkawa sun yi iƙirarin kowane Bajamushe yana da laifi, Kalvelage ya nemi ya kawo fahimtar mugunyar yaƙi ga duk wanda ta sadu da shi.  A lokacin yakin Vietnam, ta shiga cikin zanga-zangar adawa da mamayewar soja da Amurka ta yi. 

Ana tunawa da Kalvelage musamman don tsayawar da ta yi tare da wasu mata uku a wata zanga-zanga a ranar 25 ga Mayu, 1966 a Alviso, California. Don kada a ɗauke su don hippies, dukansu huɗun sun yi ado da tufafin da suka fi dacewa kuma suka zauna a gaban wani bututun mai cike da bama-bamai na napalm na Vietnam. Bayan fuskantar ma’aikacin forklift da karnukan sa, ‘yan sanda sun kama Kalvelage da sauran ukun. A gaban kotu, an same su da laifin "kutse don yin katsalandan a harkokin shari'a" amma an dakatar da hukuncin daurin da aka yanke musu.  Kalaman Kalvelage a shari'ar da kuma taron manema labarai na gaba sun ja hankalin jama'a sosai. Musamman ta yi nuni ga ka'idojin Nuremberg kan laifukan yaki. Wannan ya sa Pete Seeger ya kirkiro waƙarsa "Sunana Lisa Kalvelage", yana gabatar da maganganunta da abin da ta jimre tun kwanakinta a Nuremberg.  

Daga 1967 zuwa 1972, ta haɗu da Cibiyar Aminci ta San Jose. Ta kasance mai fafutuka a matsayin mai fafutuka cikin shekaru tamanin, tana sukar yakin Iraki tun lokacin da aka fara a 2003.  Ayyukan sun haɗa da horar da waɗanda suka ƙi saboda imaninsu da nuna adawa da yaduwar makaman nukiliya. Ta ba da gudummawa ga ƙungiyoyi da dama da suka haɗa da Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Jama'a ta Amirka, Ƙungiyar Hemlock, Ƙungiyar Mata ta Duniya don Aminci da 'Yanci da Ƙungiyar 'Yan Adam . 

Lisa Kalvelage ta mutu a Cupertino, California, a ranar 8 ga Maris, 2009. 

## Manazarta
Tom Ellis Hooson

**Tom Ellis Hooson** (16 Maris 1933 - 8 Mayu 1985) ɗan siyasan Jam'iyyar Conservative ne na Biritaniya.

## Rayuwar sirri da asali
Hooson dan uwa ne (kuma abokin adawar siyasa) na Emlyn Hooson, tsohon dan majalisar Liberal Party na Montgomeryshire. Hooson ya sami ilimi a Makarantar Rhyl Grammar, Kwalejin Jami'a, Oxford da Grey's Inn. Kafin shiga siyasa, ya kasance ɗan jarida na The Times, kuma daga baya ya yi aiki a cikin bugawa da talla, ya zama babban mataimakin shugaban ƙasa tare da Benton & Bowles.

## Rayuwar siyasa
Ya fara tsayawa takarar majalisa a Caernarvon a 1959, amma Goronwy Roberts na Labour ya doke shi. Ya kasance shugaban kungiyar Bow. Ya kasance memba na Majalisar (MP) a Burtaniya don Brecon da Radnor. Ya sami kujerar daga Labour a 1979, kuma ya rike ta har sai da ya mutu daga cutar kansa a gidansa da ke Chelsea, London a ranar 8 ga Mayu 1985, yana da shekaru 52. Jam'iyyar masu sassaucin ra'ayi ta lashe zaben fidda gwani da aka gudanar da kuri'u 559 a kan Labour.

## Manazarta
Ain Dubai

**Ain Dubai** (Larabci: عين دبي; lit. 'eye of Dubai') katuwar motar Ferris ce da ke tsibirin Bluewaters a Dubai, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa. Ita ce mafi tsayi mafi tsayi a duniya, a tsayin mita 250 (820 ft), tun daga Oktoba shekara ta 2021.

Ain Dubai yana da tsayin mita 82.4 (270 ft) fiye da na baya mafi tsayin abin dubawa a duniya, Babban Roller 167.6 m (550 ft), wanda aka buɗe a Las Vegas a cikin Maris 2014.

An ƙera motar don ɗaukar fasinjoji 1,750 a cikin gidaje 48 da kuma ba da ra'ayoyi na Marina na Dubai da alamun ƙasa kamar Burj Al Arab, Palm Jumeirah, da Burj Khalifa.

Ana amfani da shi ta injin injin ruwa ta hanyar 64 robar gogayya na taya mai girman 310/80R22.5 wanda ke a ƙarshen dandalin shiga.

## Tarihi
Ain Dubai a baya ana kiransa da Dubai Eye ko Dubai-I. An sanar da shi a watan Fabrairun 2013.

An nada Hyundai Engineering & Gine-gine da Injiniya na Starneth a matsayin ƙirar farko da ƴan kwangilar gini, tare da KCI, injiniyoyi waɗanda suka ƙirƙira da ƙera cikakken tsarin dabaran gami da injin shigarwa. An fara ginin a watan Mayu Shekara ta 2015, ana tsammanin kammalawa a farkon farkon zuwa tsakiyar 2019. Ci gaba da jinkirin ya tura manufar buɗewa zuwa 20 Oktoba 2020, domin ya zo daidai da Expo 2020, amma an dage wannan da kansa saboda cutar ta COVID-19. Motar ta buɗe bayan shekara guda a ranar 21 ga Oktoba 2021.

Ain Dubai ta rufe ga jama'a a cikin Maris shekara ta 2022 don "haɓaka lokaci-lokaci". A cikin Afrilu shekara ta 2023, ma'aikatan sun ba da sanarwar cewa Ain Dubai za ta kasance "a rufe har abada", ba tare da wani ƙarin bayani ba. A axle na dabaran a wancan lokacin yana kewaye da zane-zane, kuma Ƙungiyar TÜV ta Jamus, wadda ke da hannu a cikin ginin Ain, ta janye takardar shaidar amincin tsarin. Koyaya, tun daga Yuli shekara ta 2023 abubuwan nunin LED akan tsarin sun ci gaba da haskakawa da daddare kuma ana iya gani daga nesa.

A cikin Afrilu shekara ta 2024, an ga Ain Dubai yana aiki, duk da haka har yanzu a rufe ga jama'a. An sake buɗe Ain Dubai ga baƙi a hukumance a ranar 26 ga Disamba shekara ta 2024.

## Manazarta
Minnie Ward Patterson

**Minnie Ward Patterson** (née Minnie Ward) mawakiya ce kuma marubuciya, an haife ta ne a garin Michigan. Ayyukanta mafi shahara shine Pebbles daga Old Pathways .

## Rayuwa
An haifi Minnie Ward a cikin kimanin 1844 a Niles, Michigan .  Kafin ta kai ga balaga, iyayenta biyu sun mutu, kuma an bar ta ga kulawar baƙi. Tun tana ƙarama, ta koyar da kiɗa da zane, tana cika kowane lokaci tare da rubutu. Ta kAM karatu tare da girmamawa daga Kwalejin Hillsdale tana da shekaru ashirin, sannan daga baya ta sami digiri na AM.

Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ta bar makaranta, ta buɗe ɗakin karatu a Birnin Chicago, kuma tana ba da gudummawa akai-akai ga "Sunday Times" yawanci akan sa hannun "Zinober Green". Yayinda take kan yawon shakatawa tare da Upper Mississippi, a lokacin rani na 1867, ta zama matar John C. Patterson, tsohon abokin aji a Hillsdale, kuma mai digiri na makarantar lauya a Albany, wanda ya zama fitaccen memba na mashaya na Michigan sannan aka zabe shi sau biyu a Majalisar Dattijai ta wannan Jiha. Ma'auratan sun zauna a Marshall, Michigan. Tana da wasu sadarwa tare da William Cullen Bryant wanda ya shawarce ta da yin waka a matsayin aikinta na farko.

## Ayyuka
Waƙoƙin Patterson sun bayyana a cikin Boston Transcript, Youth's Companion, Wide Awake, Peterson's Magazine, Free Press, Detroit Tribune, Detroit Times, Journal of Chicago, da sauran jaridu daban-daban.

A cikin 1875 ta buga wani littafi mai taken Pebbles from Old Pathways, tarin shafi 200 na waƙoƙinta.  Ba da daɗewa ba bayan bayyanar wannan Pebbles ta zama mai matukar sha'awar yarukan Norse da adabi, kuma aikinta na gaba mai mahimmanci shine fassarar kundin uku na littafin Sweden The Surgeon's Stories, mai taken Times of Frederick I, Times of Linnæus, da Times of Alchemy . Ta kuma fassara tatsuniyoyi da yawa daga Norwegian, wanda ya bayyana a cikin jaridu daban-daban.

Patterson daga ƙarshe ta koma Colorado Springs, inda ɗanta George Leo Patterson ya kasance fasto na Ikilisiyar Ikilisiya. Lokacin da ya koma New York a 1912, ta "yi wa'azi mai karfi cewa cocin ya zabe ta a matsayin fasto". A watan Fabrairun 1916, an ruwaito cewa ta mutu a asibiti a New York.

## Manazarta

### Bayanai

## Haɗin waje

* Ayyukan da suka shafiMace ta Karni / Minnie Ward Pattersona Wikisource
Karl Rosenkranz

**Johann Karl Friedrich Rosenkranz** (Afrilu 23, 1805 - Yuli 14, 1879) masanin falsafa ne na Jamus.

## Rayuwa
An haife shi a Magdeburg, ya karanta falsafa a Berlin, Halle da Jami'ar Königsberg, yana mai da hankali ga koyaswar Hegel da Schleiermacher. Bayan ya rike kujerar falsafa a Halle na tsawon shekaru biyu, ya zama, a cikin 1833, farfesa a Königsberg. A cikin shekarunsa na ƙarshe ya kasance makaho.

Ya mutu a Königsberg

## Falsafa
A cikin tsawon aikinsa na farfesa, da kuma a cikin dukan wallafe-wallafensa masu yawa ya kasance, duk da sauye-sauye na lokaci-lokaci akan wasu batutuwa, masu aminci ga al'adar Hegelian gaba ɗaya. A cikin babban rukuni na makarantar Hegelian, shi, tare da Michelet da sauransu, ya kafa "tsakiya", tsakiyar tsakanin Erdmann da Gabler a gefe guda, da "mafi girman hagu" wanda Strauss, Feuerbach da Bruno Bauer ke wakilta.

## Manazarta
Al-Rashid Billah

**Abu Ja'far al-Mansur ibn al-Faḍl al-Mustarshid bi'llah** (Arabic; 1109 - 6 Yuni 1138) wanda aka fi sani da sunansa na mulkin Al-Rashid bi'lláh (Arabic) shi ne KHalifa na Abbasid a Bagadaza daga 1135 zuwa 1136. Ya gaji mahaifinsa al-Mustarshid a shekara ta 1135. Ya yi mulki na shekara guda kawai daga 1135 har zuwa lokacin da aka sauke shi a ranar 17 ga watan Agusta 1136 lokacin da jama'ar Baghdad suka tayar da shi.

## Tarihin rayuwa
Al-Rashid bi'llah ɗan Khalifa Al-Mustarshid ne kuma mahaifiyarsa tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙwaraƙwaran Al-Mustarshid ana kiranta Khushf . Ta fito ne daga Iraki, kuma ita ce mahaifiyar ɗansa Mansur, wanda ya zama Khalifa Al-Rashid Billah na gaba.Cikakken sunansa shine Mansur ibn al-Faḍl al-Mustarshid kuma Kunya shine *Abu Jaʿfar* . Mahaifinsa al-Mustarshid ne ya zaba shi a matsayin magaji. A matsayinsa na yarima, ya ciyar da rayuwarsa a cikin birni mai kyau na Baghdad. An rubuta sunansa a tsabar kudi na Baghdad kuma a tsabar kudin Seljuq tare da Khalifa. Lokacin da aka kashe mahaifinsa a cikin 1135, sai ya hau gadon sarauta.

Kamar mahaifinsa, al-Mustarshid, al-Rashid ya sake yin ƙoƙari na samun 'yancin kai (a cikin soja) daga Turks Seljuk. Don rama mutuwar mahaifinsa, ya zagi jakadan sultan Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud wanda ya zo neman karimci mai yawa, ya sa taron jama'a su kwashe fadarsa, sannan, Zengi, wanda yake da abokin gaba ga sultan saboda kisan Dubais ibn Sadaqah, ya kafa sultan abokin hamayya. Mas'ud ya gaggauta zuwa babban birnin 'yan tawaye kuma ya kewaye shi. Bagadaza, wanda kogin da hanyoyinsa suka kare shi sosai, sun tsayayya da harin; amma a ƙarshe Khalifa da Zengi, ba tare da fatan samun nasara ba, sun tsere zuwa Mosul. An dawo da ikon sultan, an gudanar da majalisa, an kori Khalifa, kuma an nada kawunsa al-Muqtafi a matsayin sabon Khalifa.

Al-Rashid ya gudu zuwa Isfahan inda ƙungiyar Nizari Ismailis (Assassins) guda huɗu suka kashe shi a watan Yunin 1138. An yi bikin ne a Alamut na mako guda.

## Mutuwa
Ar-Rashid an kashe shi ne ta hanyar ƙungiyar Nizari Shia Ismailis (Assassins) guda huɗu a watan Yunin 1138.

An gina Mausoleum a wurin hutawa na ƙarshe da aka sani da Al-Rashid Mausoleum wani tarihi ne a Birnin Isfahan . Ya samo asali ne daga zamanin Abbasid na Seljuqs kuma yana kan iyakar arewacin Zayanderud kusa da gadar Shahrestan. Wannan tsari shine wurin binne *Al-Rashid* Khalifa na 30 na Abbasid, wanda ya bar fadarsa ya gudu daga Baghdad zuwa Isfahan, lokacin da Mahmud ya kama Baghdad. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Hashshashins sun yi wa Al-Rashid wuka kuma suka kashe shi a cikin 1138. Abinda kawai ke ado na mausoleum shine rubutun Kufic.

## Duba kuma

* Ahmad ibn Nizam al-Mulk mai kula da mahaifinsa al-Mustarshid
* Khatun, matar al-Mustarshid

## Manazarta

* *Wannan rubutun an daidaita shi daga littafin William Muir na 1924*Halifa: Tashi, Raguwa, da Faɗuwa*, wanda ke cikin yankin jama'a.*