Ulrika Eleonora na Sweden

**Ulrika Eleonora** ko **Ulrica Eleanor** (23 Janairu 1688 - 24 Nuwamba 1741), wanda aka fi sani da **Ulrika Eleonora Ƙarami**, ita ce Sarauniyar Sweden daga 5 Disamba 1718 har zuwa lokacin da ta yi murabus a ranar 29 ga Fabrairu 1720 a madadin Frederick, mijinta. Bayan ya hau mulki, a matsayin Sarki Frederick na ɗaya, ta yi aiki a matsayin matar Sarauniyarsa har zuwa rasuwarta a ranar 24 Nuwamba 1741.

Ulrika Eleonora ita ce ƙaramar ɗiya ga Sarki Charles XI na Sweden da matarsa, Ulrika Eleonora ta Denmark . An sanya mata suna bayan mahaifiyarta, wacce aka fi sani da *Ulrika Eleonora Babban* . A shekara ta 1715, ƙaramar Ulrika ta auri Frederick na Hesse-Kassel. Bayan mutuwar ɗan'uwanta Charles XII a shekara ta 1718, ta hau gadon sarautar Sweden. Ta hanyar mulkin mallaka, Charles Frederick na Holstein-Gottorp, ɗan Hedvig Sophia, babbar 'yar uwarta da ta rasu, ita ce mafi kyawun da'awa; amma tana ambaton abin da ya faru a zamanin Sarauniya Christina, Ulrika Eleonora ta tabbatar da cewa, ta hanyar kusanci da jini, ita ce *mafi kusancin* dangi na marigayin sarki. Bayan ta amince ta yi watsi da ikon sarautar da mahaifinta ya kafa, an amince da ita a matsayin magaji ga Riksdag . Ta yi murabus a ranar 29 ga Fabrairu, 1720.

## Gimbiya da kuma mai mulki

Bayan rasuwar mahaifiyarsu a shekarar 1693, Ulrika Eleonora da 'yan uwanta an sanya su a hannun kakarsu, Hedwig Eleonora. Duk da haka, kakarta an san ta da fifita babbar 'yar uwarta. A lokacin yarinta, Eleonora ta yi watsi da wannan dattijo, 'yar'uwa mai son jama'a da hazaka, gimbiya Hedvig Sophia. 'Yan uwanta sun ji daɗin hawa da rawa kuma an ruwaito cewa sun raina ta domin ba ta da ƙarfin halin shiga wasanninsu kuma ana iya zubar da hawaye cikin sauƙi. An siffanta ta da abokantaka, mai tawali'u da mutunci, mai kyawawan halaye da kyawawan hannaye, amma ba a ɗauke ta a matsayin mai hankali ko mai kyau ba. Kakarta, Hedwig Eleonora, ta bayyana ta a matsayin mai taurin kai, kuma an san ta da nuna rashin son wasu ko abubuwan da suka faru ta hanyar kwaikwayon rashin lafiya. Mawakiyar kirki ce, kuma lokacin da take wasa da 'yar'uwarta a wasannin kide-kide na kotu, tana yin wasan clavier yayin da 'yar'uwarta ke waƙa. [1] Ulrika Eleonora ta rayu mafi yawan rayuwarta a inuwar wasu, ta yi fice a wurin ɗan'uwanta sarki, da kuma 'yar'uwarta mai kyau.

Tun daga shekarar 1700, ta kula da kakarta mai rinjaye, Hedwig Eleonora ta Holstein-Gottorp, a lokacin da ɗan'uwanta bai halarci Yaƙin Arewa ba. Babbar 'yar uwarta, Hedvig Sophia, ita ce magajin gadon sarauta a lokacin.

Ganin cewa ɗan'uwansu Charles XII bai yi aure ba kuma ba shi da ɗa, an ɗauke Ulrika Eleonora a matsayin mai yiwuwa magajin gadon sarauta a nan gaba, kuma hakan ya jawo hankalin mutane a kasuwar aure. A shekara ta 1698, an ba da shawarar haɗin gwiwa ta hanyar aurar da ita ga Yarima Charles na Denmark da ɗan'uwanta ga Gimbiya Sophia Hedwig ta Denmark, amma a shekara ta 1700 an yi watsi da wannan shirin. A shekara ta 1700, an yi shawarwari kan aure ga Frederick William na Prussia, amma babu abin da ya faru.  Waɗannan tsare-tsaren za su fara aiki ne lokacin da ɗan'uwanta ya wargaza su, ba tare da wata kwarin gwiwa ba. Daga baya aka naɗa ta allahiya ga Louisa Ulrika ta Prussia, wacce aka sanya wa suna Ulrika a bayanta. 

A shekara ta 1702, an ba da shawarar auren Sarki George II na Burtaniya na gaba, amma aka dage shi, kuma a ƙarshe babu abin da ya faru.  Ɗan'uwanta ya ba Duke John William na Saxe-Gotha izinin yin soyayya da ita, amma an katse shirye-shiryen auren bayan ya yi faɗa da Anders Lagercrona a gaban sarkin.  A shekara ta 1710, ta sami tayin daga Yarima Frederick na Hesse. An gudanar da tattaunawar ne ta hannun wanda ta fi so kuma amintaccen abokin zamanta Emerentia von Düben . Kakarta Hedwig Eleonora ta goyi bayan auren, yayin da Sarauniya Dowager ta yi tunanin hakan zai tilasta wa Ulrika Eleonora barin Sweden zuwa Hesse, wanda hakan ke ƙara wa ɗan babbar 'yar'uwar Ulrika Eleonora, Hedvig Sophia na Holstein-Gottorp, damar zama magajin gadon sarauta. An sanar da auren a ranar 23 ga Janairu 1714, kuma an yi auren a ranar 24 ga Maris 1715. A lokacin auren, ɗan'uwanta Charles XII ya ce: "A daren yau 'yar'uwata tana rawa da rawa." 

Bayan rasuwar kakarta a shekarar 1715, ta zama cibiyar kotun, kuma wannan shine ɗayan lokutan da suka fi farin ciki a rayuwarta. A shekarar 1715, ta auri Landgrave Frederick na 1 na Hesse-Kassel . Auren, wanda a gefenta soyayya ce, ya zama wani yunƙuri na amfani da ita a matsayin 'yar tsana ta siyasa. Frederick ya aure ta da niyyar isa ga karagar mulki, kuma nan da nan ya fara shirin sanya mata magajin da aka naɗa a matsayin ɗan'uwanta. "Jam'iyyar Hesse" da " Jam'iyyar Holstein " sun yi tsayin daka a fafutukar neman karagar mulki.

Yanayin Ulrika Eleonora ya fara canzawa bayan rasuwar babbar 'yar uwarta, Hedvig Sophia, a shekarar 1708. Ulrika Eleonora ta zama mace ɗaya tilo da ta girma a gidan sarautar da ke Sweden, ban da kakarta, Sarauniya Dowager Hedwig Eleonora. Tun a ƙarshen shekarar 1712, Charles XII yana da tunanin naɗa ta mai mulki a lokacin da ba ya nan. Majalisar masarautar ta shawo kanta ta kasance a tarurrukansu ta ba su goyon baya. A ranar 2 ga Nuwamba 1713, ta bayyana a zamanta na farko, kuma aka yanke shawarar tattara 'yan majalisar don ayyana mai mulki a matsayinta na magaji mafi kusa ga gadon sarauta.  A shekarar 1713, gwamnati da kakarta sun naɗa mai mulki a lokacin da sarkin bai nan, don haka ta zama mai iko ga ƙasashe da yawa da ke fafutukar samun rinjaye a ƙasar da ba ta da magaji na hukuma ko kuma wanda zai gaje ta.  Yanzu zaɓin ya tsaya tsakanin Ulrika Eleonora da ɗan uwanta. An yi wa hamɓarar da ta yi a matsayin mai mulki kuma shugaban majalisar dokoki da matuƙar sha'awa. 'Yan majalisar dokoki sun yi adawa da ɗan'uwanta domin suna son kawar da mulkin mallaka na dindindin da kuma dawo da ikonsu. A matsayinta na mai mulki, ta ci gaba da sanar da kanta game da harkokin gwamnati kuma ta roƙi ɗan'uwanta da ya dawo, tana yi masa gargaɗi game da tasirin idan bai yi ba. Da izininsa ta sanya hannu kan dukkan takardu na harkokin gwamnati sai waɗanda aka rubuta masa da kaina. Duk da haka, ta ɗauki kanta a matsayin wakilin ɗan'uwanta kawai, don haka ba ta ba da shawara ta kanta ba. A matsayinta na 'yar'uwarsa, sau da yawa a lokacin yaƙin, ta tambayi ɗan'uwanta ko za ta iya ziyartarsa, amma ba a taɓa ba ta izinin yin hakan ba.  Ta haɗu da ɗan'uwanta a karon farko bayan shekaru goma sha shida a Vadstena a 1716, kuma bayan haka a karo na ƙarshe a Kristinehamn a 1718.

## Sarauniya mai mulki

## Manazarta