open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Louise Sandher-Jones

**Louise Elizabeth Sandher-Jones** 'yar siyasa ce ta jam'iyyar Labour ta Burtaniya kuma tsohuwar jami'ar sojojin Burtaniya kuma ƙwararriyar ma'aikaciyar leƙen asiri, wacce ta kasance ' yar majalisar dokoki ta North East Derbyshire tun daga 2024. Ta sami kujera daga Lee Rowley, ɗan jam'iyyar Conservative .  Ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Sakataren Harkokin Waje na Tsoffin Sojoji da Jama'a na Majalisar Dokoki tun daga 2025. 

## Farkon aikin soja da kuma hidimar soja
Sandher-Jones ya yi karatun Sinanci a Jami'ar Edinburgh . 

Bayan ta bar jami'a, Sandher-Jones ta shiga rundunar sojin Burtaniya a shekarar 2013, kuma ta halarci Kwalejin Sojoji ta Royal Military Academy da ke Sandhurst, inda ta yi aiki a matsayin jami'i a Hukumar Leken Asiri, sannan ta yi aiki a Yaƙin Afghanistan . [1] Ta yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 2020. [2]

A watan Yulin 2021, ta shiga aikin McKenzie Intelligence Services a matsayin Shugabar Leken Asiri.  Ta yi aiki a matsayin babbar manaja a McKenzie, wani "Insurtech da ke nazarin tasirin bala'o'i". 

Ta yi aiki a matsayin kansila a gundumar Loughborough East a Majalisar Charnwood Borough, ta yi murabus daga wannan mukamin a watan Maris na 2024 bayan an zaɓe ta a matsayin 'yar takarar majalisar dokoki ta North East Derbyshire . 

## Aikin majalisar dokoki
An zabi Sandher-Jones a matsayin 'yar majalisa a zaben gama gari na Burtaniya na 2024 a matsayin 'yar majalisa mai wakiltar North East Derbyshire, da rinjayen kuri'u 1,753 (3.9%). Ta yi jawabinta na farko a majalisar tarayya a ranar 8 ga Oktoba, 2024. 

A watan Satumba na 2025, an naɗa ta a matsayin Mataimakin Sakataren Harkokin Waje na Tsoffin Sojoji da Jama'a na Majalisar Dokoki ta Ma'aikatar Tsaro, ta hannun Sir Keir Starmer .

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Sandher-Jones ta auri Jeevun Sandher, ɗan majalisar jam'iyyar Labour mai wakiltar Loughborough . Sun haɗu a watan Janairun 2023 lokacin da suke kan hanyar kamfe, kuma sun sanar da aniyarsu jim kaɗan bayan aniyar tasa a ranar 1 ga Disamba, 2024.  Sun yi aure a watan Agusta na 2025, bayan haka ta canza sunan mahaifinta daga Jones zuwa Sandher-Jones. 

## Manazarta
Nikki Sievwright

**Nicola Macwilliam Sievwright** ( née Ross ; 28 ga Janairu 1943 - 12 ga Maris 2018) ta kasance mai tallan kayan kwalliya ta Ingila wacce ta yi aiki da Chloé da Peter Lumley . Bayan ta auri wani jami'in sojan doki a rundunar sojojin Birtaniya kuma ta ƙaura zuwa Arewacin Ireland, ta shiga rundunar tsaron Ulster a matsayin mai fafutukar kare muhalli .

## Rayuwar farko da iyali
An haifi Nicola Ross a ranar 28 ga Janairu, 1943 ga Charles Ross, wani jami'i a rundunar sojojin mulkin mallaka a Saliyo, da matarsa Nina. An aika mahaifiyarta zuwa Ingila don haihuwar Nikki kuma ba ta ga mahaifinta ba sai a shekarar 1947. Mahaifiyarta ta rasu bayan shekaru huɗu kuma mahaifinta ya sake yin aure. Iyalin sun ƙaura zuwa Jersey inda Nicola ta halarci Kwalejin Victoria kuma ta zama ƙwararren mai hawan doki.  &#x5B; *&#x20;&#x2013; tattauna* &#x5D;

Ross ya auri mai haɓaka gidaje John Venning a shekarar 1968, kuma bayan rabuwarsu a shekarar 1974, David Sievwright, wani jami'i a masarautar Hussars ta 13/18 . Suna da ɗa ɗaya da 'ya mace ɗaya.  

## Yin tallan kayan kawa
Bayan makaranta, Ross ta koma Paris inda aka sanya mata hannu a matsayin mai tallata kayan kwalliya ga gidan kayan kwalliya na Faransa Chloé tana da shekaru 18. Shekaru biyu bayan haka ta koma Landan. A watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1965 ta shiga wani baje kolin kayan kwalliya a cikin RMS Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke New York ta tsara don cin gajiyar wannan lamari na Swinging London da nufin karɓar fam miliyan 1 na odar kayan kwalliya a cikin mako guda.  Ta yi aiki tare da Gavin Robinson na Old Bond Street a shekarun 1966 da 1967  kuma Peter Lumley ne ya sanya mata hannu. An yi hasashen za ta maye gurbin Jean Shrimpton kuma ta zama mai yawan shiga cikin labaran tsegumi amma ta bai wa jaridu kunya da salon rayuwarta mai tsabta. 

## Rundunar Tsaron Ulster
Bayan da aka tura mijinta da rundunarsa zuwa Arewacin Ireland a lokacin Matsalolin da suka faru a shekarun 1970, Nikki Sievwright ta shiga Rundunar Tsaro ta Ulster a matsayin mai fafutukar kare muhalli, wani abu da ba a taɓa gani ba ga matar jami'in sojan doki. Ta ci gaba da aiki a matsayin abin koyi.  An fara shigar da mata cikin rundunar a shekarar 1973 saboda ƙarancin mata daga wasu ayyuka waɗanda za su iya yin ayyukan da suka dace da mace kawai, kamar neman wasu mata don neman abubuwan fashewa.  A shekarar 1978, yayin da take gudanar da wani shinge a "ƙasar 'yan fashi" ta Gundumar Tyrone, kusa da kan iyaka da Jamhuriyar Ireland, Sievwright ta kama wani mutum da ake nema bayan ta sami fasfo ɗinsa da aka ɓoye a cikin rigar wata mata da yake tare da ita. 

## Rayuwa daga baya
Daga baya Sievwright ta yi tafiye-tafiye a faɗin duniya tare da mijinta yayin da yake riƙe da mukamai daban-daban a fannin leƙen asiri na soja kuma ya kai matsayin Laftanar Kanar. [1] [2] Ta yi ritaya zuwa Wiltshire inda ta hau dawaki ta kuma buga wasan tennis. Ta mutu sakamakon cutar sepsis a Babban Asibitin Yammacin Turai, Swindon, a ranar 12 ga Maris, 2018. [1] [3]

## Manazarta
Denise Rose

**Denise Michelle Rose** (22 Afrilu 1970 - 31 Oktoba 2004)  Saja ce a Sashen Bincike na Musamman na ' Yan Sandan Soja na Royal Army kuma ita ce mace ta farko da ta mutu a ayyukan soji a Yaƙin Iraki . Daga baya an yanke hukuncin cewa mutuwarta ta kashe kanta ne .

An gano Rose a mace sakamakon raunin harbin bindiga a sansanin sojoji da ke Otal ɗin Shatt-al-Arab da ke Basra, a ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 2004.

Asalin Rose ta fito ne daga Liverpool, Ingila . Ta shiga Rundunar 'Yan Sandan Soja ta Royal a shekarar 1989, kuma ta yi horo a matsayin mai bincike a SIB a shekarar 1995, tana gudanar da bincike kan manyan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin sojoji a Burtaniya da Cyprus . Ta aika da aikin sa kai zuwa Iraki a ranar 27 ga Satumba, 2004, tana aiki a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙaramin ƙungiyar masu bincike na ƙwararru don samar da tsaro ga mutanen Iraki da kuma taimakawa wajen sake gina ƙasar ta hanyar samar da rundunar 'yan sanda da aka horar sosai. [1]

## Manazarta
Maryamu Coulshed

Brigadier **Dame Mary Frances Coulshed**, DBE, TD (10 Nuwamba 1904 &#x2013; 28 Satumba 1998) jami'ar sojojin Burtaniya ce wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Rundunar Sojojin Mata (WRAC).

An naɗa ta Kwamandar Dame ta Order of the British Empire (DBE) saboda ayyukanta ga Sojojin Burtaniya da kuma WRAC a bikin karramawa na 1953 .

Ta mutu ba tare da aure ba a ranar 28 ga Satumba 1998, tana da shekaru 93. 

## Manazarta
Cynthia Brooke, Viscountess Brookeborough

**Cynthia Mary Brooke, Viscountess Brookeborough**, DBE ( *wanda aka haifa a ƙarƙashin* **Sergison** ; 10 ga Mayu 1897 - 2 ga Maris 1970), ta kasance tsohuwar 'yar Birtaniya kuma matar farko ta Basil Stanlake Brooke, Viscount Brookeborough na 1, Firayim Ministan Arewacin Ireland daga 1943 zuwa 1963. 

An haifi Cynthia a Cuckfield, Sussex, ga Kyaftin Charles Warden Sergison da Florence Emma Louise Hanbury-Tracy, 'yar Charles Hanbury-Tracy, Baron Sudeley na 4. A shekarar 1919, ta auri Sir Basil Brooke na wancan lokacin, Baronet na 5 (9 ga Yuni 1888 - 18 ga Agusta 1973), ɗan Sir Arthur Douglas Brooke, Bt. na 4, da Gertrude Isabella Batson, a ranar 3 ga Yuni 1919. An ƙirƙiri Sir Basil a matsayin Viscount Brookeborough na 1 a shekarar 1952. Ubangiji da Lady Brookeborough na gaba suna da 'ya'ya maza uku, waɗanda biyu daga cikinsu aka kashe a yaƙi a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu . Ɗa ɗaya ne kawai daga cikin ukun ya tsira daga iyayensa. Su ne:

* Laftanar Basil Julian David Brooke (18 Afrilu 1920 - Maris 1943 ( An kashe shi a fagen daga )
* John Warden Brooke, Viscount na 2 Brookeborough (9 ga Nuwamba 1922 - 5 ga Maris 1987)
* Laftanar Henry Alan Brooke (29 Oktoba 1923 - Afrilu 1945) ( An kashe shi a fagen daga )

A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, ita ce Babbar Kwamanda ta Ayyukan Auxiliary Territorial Service . An yi wa Lady Brooke lakabi da Viscountess Brookeborough tun daga 1 ga Yuli 1952, lokacin da aka ƙirƙiri mijinta Viscount Brookeborough. A cikin bikin tunawa da ranar haihuwa ta 1959, an naɗa ta a matsayin Kwamanda Mai Kula da Daular Burtaniya (DBE), don ayyukan gwamnati a Arewacin Ireland. 

## Mutuwa
Lady Brookeborough ta mutu a ranar 2 ga Maris 1970, tana da shekaru 72. Bayan rasuwarta, Lord Brookeborough ya auri Sarah Eileen Bell, 'yar Henry Healey, daga Belfast, kuma bazawara ga Cecil Armstrong Calvert, tsohon darektan tiyatar jijiyoyi a Asibitin Royal Victoria, Belfast . [1]

## Manazarta
Mary Colvin

**Dame Mary Katherine Rosamund Colvin** DBE TD (25 Oktoba 1907 - 23 Satumba 1988)  jami'ar sojojin Burtaniya ce wacce ta kasance darakta a rundunar sojojin mata kuma shugabar ƙungiyar dawaki ta Burtaniya . Ta riƙe muƙamin Brigadier .

## Iyali
An haifi Colvin a cikin iyalin soja, ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'ya huɗu kuma 'ya ɗaya tilo ga tsohon soja Laftanar Kanar Forrester Farnell Colvin ( CBE, MC, DL ; ya mutu a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 1936) da Isabella Katherine McClintock-Bunbury (28 Disamba 1874 - 30 Maris 1963), waɗanda suka yi aure a ranar 26 ga Yuli, 1894. Suna zaune a Morley House, Shermanbury Grange, Brighton Road, Shermanbury, Horsham, West Sussex . Ita 'yar'uwa ce ga Michael Colvin, ɗan Majalisar Dokoki ta Conservative. 

## Sana'a
 
Colvin ta yi tafiye-tafiye sosai a lokacin da take ƙarama, zuwa Afirka ta Kudu da Indiya . Ta shiga ƙungiyar agajin gaggawa ta Nursing Yeomanry a shekarar 1938, inda ta koma ƙungiyar taimakon ƙasa lokacin da Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ya fara. Ta shafe mafi yawan lokacin yaƙin a matsayin direba, sannan ta jagoranci ƙungiyar agaji ta ƙasa (ATS) a Weedon, Northamptonshire (1943–44). Nan da nan bayan ƙarshen yaƙin da ta yi da Jamus, an tura ta zuwa Hamburg don taimakawa wajen kula da sauyinta zuwa dimokuraɗiyya da kuma gina majalisar ƙananan hukumomi da ayyukan yau da kullun kamar gidaje. Bayan shekaru biyu na saka kanta cikin wannan aikin, an ba ta lambar yabo ta OBE, amma dole ta koma Birtaniya don ta kasance kusa da danginta marasa lafiya da tsofaffi.

Ta kula da sauyin ATS zuwa Rundunar Sojojin Mata (WRAC), ciki har da mayar da makarantar horar da jami'anta zuwa Hindhead da kuma kusantar da horon ga mazan da aka ɗauka aiki. Ɗaukar mata aiki ya yi ƙasa sosai a shekarar 1954, don haka aka naɗa ta don ta sauya yanayin; tsara kayan aiki ga jami'ai wani ɓangare ne na dabarunta. Bayan ƙarin mukamai a Scotland da Rundunar Gabas, a shekarar 1957 an naɗa ta darakta ta WRAC, wadda ba ta cika shekara 50 ba, kuma shekaru biyu bayan haka aka ɗaukaka ta zuwa Kwamandan Dame na Daular Burtaniya . A shekarar 1961, ta je Copenhagen a matsayin babbar wakiliyar Birtaniya a taron farko na NATO na ayyukan mata; takwarorinta na ƙasashen waje sun zaɓe ta mai magana da yawunsu. A wannan shekarar ta yi ritaya, bayan shekaru 23 tana aiki.

Ta sadaukar da mafi yawan shekaru 25 da suka biyo baya ga Ƙungiyar Dawakai ta Burtaniya, inda ta yi aiki daga alkali mai gyaran gashi zuwa shugaban ƙasa. Ta yi farautar Blackmore Vale kuma ta ba da makarantar koyon hawa ta cikin gida ga ƙungiyar Rutland (wadda ba ta da wurin zama nata). 

Ita mace ce mai jiran Mary, Gimbiya Royal, Kwamandan Gudanarwa na WRAC, kuma ta raka ta zuwa Kanada a shekarar 1962. 

## Mutuwa
Colvin ta mutu a ranar 23 ga Satumba, 1988, tana da shekaru 80, a Rutland . Ba ta taɓa yin aure ba. Takardun sirrinta suna cikin Taskar Tarihi ta Ƙasa, tare da na sauran mata sojojin Birtaniya, kamar Dame Katharine Furse, Dame Rachel Crowdy, da Brigadier Dame Mary Coulshed . 

## Manazarta
Lady Martha Bruce

Laftanar Kanar **Lady Martha Veronica Bruce** OBE TD DL (7 ga Nuwamba 1921 - 22 ga Janairu 2023) ta kasance fitaccen ɗan Birtaniya, gwamnan gidan yari kuma jami'ar rundunar sojojin mata ta Royal Army Corps .

## Rayuwar farko da iyali
An haifi Bruce a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba, 1921 a Limekilns, Fife, ita ce babbar 'ya'ya shida na Edward Bruce, Earl na 10 na Elgin da Earl na 14 na Kincardine, shugaban Clan Bruce, da Katherine Elizabeth Cochrane. An rene ta a kujerar iyali, Broomhall House, kusa da Limekilns. Lokacin da take ƙarama, iyayenta sun yi wa Sarki George na Biyar da Sarauniya Mary maraba tare da Duke da Duchess na York a Broomhall. Bayan wannan ziyarar, shugabar yaran Bruce, Marion Crawford, ta je aiki ga mutanen York, inda ta haifi Sarauniya Elizabeth ta Biyu .  Ƙanan 'yan uwanta sun haɗa da Andrew Bruce, Earl na 11 na Elgin da Earl na 15 na Kincardine, da Hon. James Bruce .

Bruce ta yi karatu a Makarantar Downham, inda ta kasance shugabar makarantar . Bayan ta bar Downham, ta ɗauki darussan rawa da korar ɗalibai a makarantar Madame Vacani da ke Knightsbridge don shirin kakar wasanta na fitowa.  Ita da 'yar uwarta sun yi wasan farko a Claridge's . 

## Sana'a
A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Lady Martha ta shiga Rundunar Sojojin Sama a 1941.   Daga baya ta shiga rundunar jiragen sama ta kare London a lokacin yaƙin Blitz . Bayan yaƙin, ta ci gaba da jagorantar Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta WRAC da ke tallafawa Rundunar Sojojin Sama ta 51 a Perth a shekarun 1960, inda ta kai matsayin Laftanar Kanar .  

A watan Mayun 1949, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai hidima a lokacin zaman Duke da Duchess na Gloucester a Fadar Holyroodhouse a lokacin da Duke ke matsayin Babban Kwamishinan Babban Taro na Cocin Scotland .  Ta kuma kasance mace mai jiran Gimbiya Royal na ɗan lokaci a 1965. 

A shekarar 1968, bayan ta bar aikin soja, ta shiga aikin gidan yarin Scotland, da farko a matsayin mataimakiyar gwamnan HM Prison Greenock . Lokacin da aka buɗe HM Prison Cornton Vale a shekarar 1975, ta zama gwamnanta na farko. [1] Ta yi ritaya a shekarar 1983. [2] Ta koma Cornton Vale a shekarar 2015 don cika shekaru 40 da kafuwa, inda ta dasa itace don bikin tunawa da wannan rana. [1]

Bruce ta ci gaba da sha'awar gidajen yari kuma tana da himma wajen ayyukan agaji, musamman reshen Perth da Kinross na SSAFA . An naɗa ta mataimakiyar laftanar ta Fife a shekarar 1987.  Domin bikin cikarta shekaru 100 a shekarar 2021, Majalisar Fife ta kafa benci a Charlestown, Limekilns da Pattiesmuir. 

Bruce ta rayu tsawon rayuwarta a Limekilns, tana hayar ƙaramin gida a yankin Broomhall. Ta rasu a ranar 22 ga Janairu, 2023, tana da shekaru 101. 

## Manazarta
Mina Ben-Zvi

**Mina Ben-Zvi** ( Hebrew   ; 1909-2000) ita ce babban kwamandan rundunar mata ta sojojin tsaron Isra'ila. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Mina Ben-Zvi a matsayin Mina Rogozik a shekarar 1909 a Ukraine (Velyki Mezhyrichi, Rivne Oblast). A shekarar 1921 ta ƙaura tare da iyalinta zuwa Falasɗinu mai Dole .  Bayan kammala karatunta, a shekarar 1933, tana da shekaru 24, ta shiga reshen Haifa na Haganah . 

A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, tana cikin mata 66 na farko a Falasɗinu da suka shiga rundunar mata ta Sojojin Burtaniya .  Daga baya ta zama kwamanda a rundunar sojojin Burtaniya a Masar tare da matsayin kyaftin.  Lokacin da yaƙin 1948 ya fara, an naɗa ta a matsayin kwamanda ta farko a rundunar mata ta Sojojin Tsaron Isra'ila .  A shekarar 1953, ta haɗu da mijinta Eliyahu Ben-Zvi a wani aikin diflomasiyya zuwa Finland daga 1953 zuwa 1955.  Daga baya aka naɗa ta a matsayin wakilin Isra'ila a Hukumar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Matsayin Mata (1956–1958). 

A shekarar 1960, Golda Meir ta kafa Cibiyar Horarwa ta Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Mount Carmel tare da haɗin gwiwar Ben-Zvi, da Inga Thorsson, wata jami'ar diflomasiyya ta Sweden, wadda daga baya ta zama Jakadar Sweden a Isra'ila. [1] Ben-Zvi ya zama darektan kafa Cibiyar Horarwa ta Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Mount Carmel, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin darektanta na tsawon shekaru 25.

A cewar Heller, ta yi aiki "don ci gaban haƙƙin mata a duk duniya."  Ta mutu a shekara ta 2000.

## Manazarta
Julian Phelps Allan

**Julian Phelps Allan**, wacce a da **Eva Dorothy Allan** ce, OBE (22 ga Yuni 1892 - 31 ga Janairu 1996) ƙwararren mai sassaka ne ɗan Ingila wanda ke aiki tsakanin 1923 da 1960.  Baya ga sassaka ta, ta yi aiki a Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya da na Biyu, daga ƙarshe ta zama Kanar a Hukumar Kula da Yankuna ta Auxiliary Territorial da kuma Shugaba na farko na Hukumar Zaɓen Ofishin Yaƙi ta ATS.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Allan Eva Dorothy Allan a Millbrook, Southampton a shekara ta 1892. 

A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, ta yi aiki a matsayin kyaftin tare da Rundunar Taimakon Sojojin Sarauniya Mary a Faransa daga 1917 zuwa 1919.    Allan, wanda ke zaune kusa da Dieppe, yana kula da sansanin mutane 200. 

Bayan yaƙin Allan ya yi karatu a matsayin malamin kimiyyar gida, sannan ya koma karatun fasaha a Makarantar Fasaha ta Westminster, kuma daga Disamba 1922 zuwa Disamba 1927, a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal . [1] [2] [3] An ba ta tallafin karatu na Landseer a 1923 kuma ta lashe lambar zinare ta Royal Academy a 1925. [4]

A shekarar 1926 Allan ya tafi Florence a matsayin ɗalibi a makarantar Libero Andreotti . Ta kuma yi karatu a ƙarƙashin Eric Gill . 

## A matsayina na mai zane
Allan ta yi bincike kuma ta yi karatu a tsawon rayuwarta ta sana'a, inda ta ziyarci Yugoslavia a 1933; Croatia (inda ta haɗu da Ivan Meštrović a Zagreb ) a 1936; ta je Faransa don yin nazarin zane-zanen Romanesque bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ; kuma a 1954, Serbia da Yugoslavia don yin bincike kan zanen bango na Byzantine . 

Yawancin ayyukanta, musamman tun daga shekarar 1947, suna da jigon coci.  An siffanta ta a matsayin mace mai himma da addini wadda ta daraja 'yancinta da ikonta na zaɓi.  Ta kuma samar da sassaka na gine-gine, gami da kayan tarihi na Asibitocin Lambeth da Maudsley .  

Allan ta yi baje kolin a Royal Academy tsakanin 1929 da 1938, ta dawo a 1946 da 1949, kuma daga 1947, ta nuna ayyukanta a Royal Society of Arts . Ta kasance mataimakiyar memba na Royal British Society of Sculptors daga Maris 1938 har zuwa lokacin da ta yi murabus a 1941, amma ta sake komawa aiki a 1945, kuma an nada ta a matsayin memba a 1947.  

Ta kuma kasance memba na ƙungiyar "Sculptures and Memorials", wadda aka kafa a shekarar 1934 don tallafawa masu sassaka na Birtaniya da ke aiki da duwatsu na gida. 

Daga kimanin 1950 zuwa 1970 Allan tana zaune a Scotland, tana zaune a Balerno, Edinburgh, inda take da wani sitidiyo wanda daga baya mai sassaka Michael Snowden ya karɓe shi. 

### Muhimman ayyuka

## Manazarta
Rabbit Makes a Monkey of Lion

*Zomo Ya Yi Birin Zaki: Tatsuniyar Swahili* littafi ne na hotuna na yara na 1989 na Verna Aardema kuma Jerry Pinkney ne ya zana shi. An yi amfani da shi ne wajen fassara tatsuniyar Swahili kuma yana magana ne game da yaudarar Zomo a kan bishiyar calabash .

## Liyafar maraba
*Jaridar Publishers Weekly* ta yi bitar rubutun *Rabbit Makes a Monkey of Lion* "Aardema ta bayar da wani labari mai daɗi, wanda aka nuna a cikin zane-zanen ruwan ruwa da fensir na Pinkney mai cikakken launi; ya tsara wani yanayi mai kyau na daji don abubuwan ban mamaki, kuma ya kawo wasan kwaikwayo ga rubutun tare da zane-zanen tserewa daban-daban daga Zakin da ba shi da sa'a."  kuma *[[New York Times|jaridar New York Times]]* ta bayyana zane-zanen Pinkney a matsayin "mai laushi mai laushi". 

An kuma yi bitar *Zomo Ya Yi Birin Zaki* ta *Mujallar Laburare ta Makaranta*,  da *Jerin Littattafai* . 

## Nassoshi
Duffy and the Devil

***Duffy and the Devil*** (1973) littafi ne da Margot Zemach da mijinta Harvey Fichstrom (a matsayin Harve Zemach) suka rubuta. A shekarar 1974, ta zo ta ƙarshe a gasar lambar yabo ta ƙasa, adabin yara  kuma ta lashe lambar yabo ta Caldecott Medal a matsayin misali . 

Laburaren Majalisa na Amurka sun ambaci "tatsuniyar Cornish da Harve Zemach ya sake bayarwa" kuma Kestrel Books ta buga bugu na Burtaniya a shekarar 1974, wanda ke ɗauke da cikakken taken Duffy and the Devil: a Cornish tatsuniyar da aka sake bayarwa .

## Nassoshi
Mary Anderson (Shugaban Sojojin Burtaniya)

Brigadier **Dame Mary Mackenzie Anderson** DBE (3 ga Fabrairu 1916 - 18 ga Yuni 2006)   jami'ar sojojin Burtaniya ce. Bayan ta yi aiki a rundunar sojojin agaji a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, daga nan ta samu ci gaba a cikin rundunar sojojin mata ta Royal Army Corps (WRAC) kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin darakta a WRAC daga 1967 zuwa 1970.

## Rayuwar farko
Anderson ita ce ƙaramar yarinya kuma 'ya tilo ga Sir John Anderson, daga baya Viscount Waverley na farko, wanda ya kasance Sakataren Harkokin Cikin Gida kuma Ministan Tsaron Gida a lokacin barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, da matarsa, Christina ( née Mackenzie). Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta Sutton da kuma Villa Brillantmont da ke Lausanne .

## Aikin soja
Ta yi aiki tare da Hukumar Taimakon Mata ta Yankin Mata, wacce ita ce ta farko a rundunar sojojin mata a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu . Ta shiga ATS a shekarar 1941 kuma aka ba ta aikin a shekara mai zuwa. A shekarar 1946, ta zama Kwamandan Rundunar ATS da ke gundumar Highland da ke Perth, kuma bayan ta gano cewa tana jin daɗin aikin soja, sai ta yanke shawarar mayar da ita aikinta. Bayan ta bar Perth a shekarar 1946, ta fara aikinta na musamman a WRAC a matsayin mataimakiyar shugaban rundunar sojoji (WRAC) wacce ke da alhakin lamuran ladabtarwa na WRAC ga rundunar sojojin Burtaniya ta Rhine da kuma Birtaniya. 

An ƙara mata girma zuwa kanar a shekarar 1963, sannan ta yi aiki a matsayin kwamandan Cibiyar Horarwa ta WRAC (Training Center) daga 1964 zuwa 1967. A shekarar 1967, an ƙara mata girma zuwa brigadier kuma an naɗa ta darakta a rundunar sojojin mata ta Royal Army Corps. 

Bayan ta yi ritaya, an naɗa ta a matsayin Kwamandan Dame na Order of the British Empire a bikin karramawa na Sabuwar Shekara ta 1970. 

## Aure
Ta auri Frithjøf Pihl, wani memba na ƙungiyar ' yan adawa ta Norway, a ranar 8 ga Yuli, 1973. Ya mutu a shekarar 1988. 

## Manazarta
Shoshana Gershonowitz

**Shoshana Gershonowitz** ( Hebrew   ; 1906–1986) jami'ar tsaron Isra'ila ce wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin kwamandan rundunar mata daga 1952 zuwa 1959. 

## Rayuwar Farko da Sana'a
An haifi Shoshana Gershonowitz a Rasha, ta yi ƙaura daga Rasha a lokacin ƙuruciyarta kuma ta zauna a Urushalima. Ta kasance mai himma a Haganah .  A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, tana cikin mata 66 na farko da suka shiga Rundunar Sojojin Ƙasa, kuma ɗaya daga cikin huɗu da suka zama jami'i  kuma ta yi ritaya a matsayin kyaftin. 

A shekarar 1947 ta kafa rundunar mata ta Haganah a Urushalima. [1] Ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiya ga Mina Ben-Zvi, kwamanda ta farko ta rundunar mata ta IDF. [2] A shekarar 1952 ta yi aiki a matsayin kwamanda ta mata ta Nahal . [3] Tsakanin shekarun 1952 zuwa 1959 an ɗaukaka ta zuwa kanar kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin babban kwamandan rundunar mata, a ƙarƙashin jagorancin shugaban ma'aikata na IDF, mai kula da duk matan IDF. [2] Bayan barin soja, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai hulɗa da ƙungiyoyin mata a Washington, DC [4]

Ta fito a shirin tambayoyin da aka yi a ranar 18 ga Mayu, 1958, na shirin *What's My Line?* a ƙarƙashin sunan Shoshana Gershom kuma ta yi nasarar karya kwamitin, wanda hakan ya sa ba ta iya tantance aikinta ba. 

## Manazarta
Raven (littafin hoto)

***Hankaka: Labarin Mai Zamba Daga Yankin Arewa maso Yamma na Pacific*** littafi ne na hotuna na yara na shekarar 1993 wanda Gerald McDermott  da labarinsa kuma ya zana shi ta hanyar amfani da salon zane mai kama da totemic. *Hankaka: Labarin Mai Zamba Daga Yankin Arewa maso Yamma* labari ne na Hankaka mai canza siffa ta amfani da iyawarsa don satar haske kuma ya kasance Littafin Girmamawa na Caldecott Medal a shekarar 1994 da kuma Littafin Girmamawa *na Boston Globe Horn Book* a shekarar 1993.

## Labari
Hankaka ya isa duniyar duhu kuma ya kuduri aniyar neman haske, yana tafiya cikin kasada kuma yana amfani da basirarsa don ya dawo da hasken tare da shi. Raven mayaudari ne wanda ke yin komai don samun abin da yake so.

## Takaitaccen Bayani
Hankaka ya zo duniya mai duhu, inda maza da mata ke zaune a yankin duhu da sanyi. Hankaka ya ji tausayin mutanen da ke zaune a cikin duhu kuma ya kuduri aniyar neman haske. Hankaka ya tashi ya ratsa duwatsu, koguna, da kwaruruka har sai da ya ga haske. Ya isa gidan Shugaban Sama, wanda ke haskakawa da kyau a sararin sama. Hankaka ta yi yunƙurin shiga gidan Shugaban Sama ta hanyar juya shi zuwa allurar Pine kuma ta faɗa cikin ruwan kyakkyawar 'yar Shugaban Sama. 'Yar ta sha ruwan ta haɗiye Hankaka ba tare da sani ba. Lokaci ya shuɗe kuma ba da daɗewa ba ta haifi ɗa, wanda ya yi kama da Hankaka. Hankaka ya yi amfani da rigar ɗansa don nemo da kuma kare Rana, ya sace ta daga Shugaban Sama ya koma ƙasar duhu. Hankaka ya jefa Rana cikin sararin sama, inda ta ci gaba da cika yankin da haske mai haske. Mutane suna ciyar da Hankaka a yau a matsayin hanyar godiya don kawo musu haske.

## Haruffa
**Hankaka:**

* Hankaka mai canza siffa wanda ya fita neman haske don ya kawo wa mutane domin ya kawar da duhun da ya mamaye ƙasar. Hankaka yana da wayo kuma yana iya yaudarar Shugaban Sama har ya ba shi Rana, ya jefa ta sama don ta haskaka wa mutane.

**<nowiki/>'Yar Sarkin Sama:**

* Wata kyakkyawar yarinya da Hankaka ta yaudare ta har ta haife shi tun yana yaro bayan ta sha ruwa da Hankaka, siffarsa ta canza zuwa allurar Pine, a ciki.

**Shugaban Sama:**

* Dattijo kuma mai mulkin haske wanda ya yi wasa da Hankaka (a siffar yaronsa), wanda ya gan shi a matsayin jika kuma ya sassaka masa kayan wasa.

## Karɓar girmamawa mai mahimmanci
Publishers Weekly ta ce, "Da wannan gyaran da aka yi da kyau, McDermott ya ƙara wa tatsuniyar tatsuniyar wani aiki a cikin babban al'ada." [1] Mujallar Horn Book ta ce "Ra'ayin da ba shi da wayo ya dace da sauƙin shirin, kuma an fassara abubuwan tatsuniyoyin labarin da kyau." [2] A wani ɓangare na Jaridar New York Times, an yaba wa Gerald McDermott tare da ayyukansa na almara yana cewa, "McDermott ba wai kawai mai zane-zanen littafin hoto ne na farko ba, har ma [3] daga cikin ƙwararrun masu ba da labarin tatsuniyoyin 

## Nassoshi
Joan Bernard

**Joan Constance Churchill Bernard**, FRSA (6 Afrilu 1918 - 1 Agusta 2012) ita ce Shugabar Kwalejin Trevelyan, Jami'ar Durham tun daga kafuwarta a 1966 zuwa 1978. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, ta kasance jami'ar Auxiliary Territorial Service kuma ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a tsaron Birtaniya daga rokoki V-1 da V-2 . A rayuwarta ta baya, ta kasance mai himma a Cocin Ingila .

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Bernard a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 1918,  ga Admiral Vivian Bernard da Eileen Mary Churchill.  Mahaifinta har yanzu yana auren matarsa ta farko lokacin da aka haife ta, kuma ya auri Eileen Mary ne kawai a shekarar 1926.  Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Ascham, wata makarantar 'yan mata masu zaman kansu a Sydney, Ostiraliya . Ta yi karatun *Literae Humaniores* a Kwalejin St Anne, Oxford . Ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin Fasaha (BA) a shekarar 1940, wanda aka daukaka zuwa digiri na biyu a fannin Fasaha (MA (Oxon)) a shekarar 1943. 

### Aikin soja
A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Bernard ta yi aiki a Rundunar Sojojin Sama,  musamman tsakanin 1940 da 1946.  Daga 1940 zuwa 1944, an tura ta zuwa Rundunar Sojojin Hana Jiragen Sama .  A ranar 30 ga Mayu 1941, an ƙara mata matsayi zuwa Rundunar Sojojin Sama ta Biyu (daidai da Laftanar na biyu ), matsayi na farko na jami'in ATS.  A ƙarshen yaƙin, tsakanin 1944 da 1945,  tana zaune a Hedikwatar Koli ta Sojojin Hadin Gwiwa .  Ta yi aiki a Sashen Tsaron Sama na SO. Tsakanin Yuli da Nuwamba 1945, an tura ta zuwa Ƙungiyar Ayyukan Makamai ta Musamman.  A can, ta shiga cikin shirin dabarun tsaro a kan rokoki na V1 da V2 :  *Operation Backfire* ita ce shirinta.  An ambaci ta a cikin takardun da aka aika mata don aikinta na lokacin yaƙi a 1945. Zuwa watan Agusta 1945, ta riƙe matsayin Ƙaramin Kwamanda (daidai da kyaftin ). 

## Sana'a
A shekarar 1945, Bernard ta shiga sashen kimiyya na Hukumar Kwal ta Ƙasa . [1] Ita ce jami'ar gudanarwa ta sashen. [2] Ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Sakatare (Ilimi, Kiɗa da Wasan Kwaikwayo) na Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Makarantun Mata daga 1950 zuwa 1957. [2] [3] Ta koma ilimi a 1957 kuma ta fara karatun tauhidi a Kwalejin King's London . Ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin Allahntaka (BD) a 1961. [3]

A shekarar 1962, ta zama Mai Kula da Canterbury Hall, wani zauren zama na Jami'ar Landan .  Ta kuma kasance malamar makaranta ta ɗan lokaci kuma mai koyarwa a fannin tauhidi a Kwalejin King's London .  

A watan Mayun 1965, an zaɓe ta don ta zama shugabar makarantar da ta kafa sabuwar kwalejin mata ta Jami'ar Durham . Ta hau wannan muƙamin a watan Janairun 1966, inda ta ba ta watanni tara don shirya Kwalejin Trevelyan don ɗalibanta na farko.  Ta kasance Malamar Daraja a fannin Tauhidi a lokaci guda.  Ta yi ritaya daga karatun jami'a a shekarar 1978. 

## Manazarta
Filin Anne

Birgediya **Anne Field** CB CBE ADC Hon (née **Hodgson** ; 4 ga Afrilu 1926 - 25 ga Yuni 2011) babbar jami'ar soja ce ta Burtaniya.  Ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta a Rundunar Sojojin Mata daga 1977 zuwa 1982.

## Aikin soja
Field ta fara aikin soja a matsayin mai zaman kansa a cikin Ayyukan Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS).  Ta shiga ATS a watan Satumba na 1947, bayan an keɓe ta daga aikin soja a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu saboda ta kasance ɗalibar jami'a.  Bayan horo, aikinta na farko shine malamin makaranta tare da matsayin kofur . An zaɓe ta don horar da jami'ai kuma ta amfana da samun malamai waɗanda suka ga aiki a lokacin yaƙin. An naɗa ta a matsayin mataimaki na biyu (daidai da na biyu laftanar ). 

Matsayinta na farko a matsayin jami'i shine kwamandan rundunar sojoji da ke zaune a Burtaniya.  A ranar 1 ga Fabrairu, 1949, ATS ta zama Rundunar Sojojin Mata (WRAC). Saboda haka, ta zama jami'ar WRAC kuma, a karon farko, ta kasance ƙarƙashin dokar soja .  Ta nemi aikin yi a ƙasashen waje bisa ga aikinta. Dama ta zo don wannan a lokacin gaggawa ta Malayan (1948 zuwa 1960) kuma aka tura ta zuwa Singapore .   Daga 1951 zuwa 1953, ta yi aiki a can a matsayin jami'in gudanarwa na Kamfani Mai Zaman Kanta na 4, WRAC; wani rukunin ma'aikata mata 400.  

Ta koma Ingila bayan kammala aikinta a Singapore. A shekarar 1953, ta halarci kwas na watanni shida a Kwalejin Ma'aikata ta WRAC, Frimley Park .  Bayan kammala kwas ɗin, an tura ta zuwa reshen Ayyukan Ma'aikata na Ofishin Yaƙi .  Matsayinta na gaba ya kasance a matsayin jami'in ma'aikata na Jami'ar London WRAC Officer Training Corps, sannan kuma a matsayin mataimakin runduna ta 317 (Scottish) TA Battalion WRAC. 

A shekarar 1961, an ƙara mata matsayi zuwa babbar jami'a kuma an naɗa ta babbar malamar makaranta a Cibiyar WRAC, Guildford . [1] A shekarar 1963, bayan shekaru biyu a matsayin malamar makaranta, an naɗa ta a matsayin jami'ar ma'aikata ta aji 2 a Hedkwatar Tsaron Gabas ta Tsakiya da ke Aden . Mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya na Aden ya zama Jihar Aden amma akwai tawaye da mulkin Birtaniya wanda ya zama Gaggawa ta Aden . [2] Ita ce ke da alhakin kula da lafiyar sojoji da iyalansu da ke yankin. Ta yi ƙoƙarin ziyartar sojoji har ma a wurare mafi haɗari, wanda hakan ya sami amincewar abokan aikinta maza. [1] Tana da ƙarin rawar da za ta taka wajen sanar da iyalan waɗanda suka mutu kuma gogewarta game da yanayin da suka fuskanta ya ba ta sahihancin wasiƙunta. [3]

Bayan ta yi aiki a Jamus, an ƙara mata matsayi zuwa Kanar a watan Disamba na 1971, aka kuma naɗa ta a matsayin Kwamandan Kwalejin WRAC da ke Camberley. A shekarar 1975, an naɗa ta a matsayin Mataimakiyar Darakta WRAC. A shekarar 1977 aka ƙara mata matsayi zuwa Brigadier kuma aka naɗa ta a matsayin Darakta WRAC. 

## Manazarta
Wasannin gargajiya na Iran

Iran tana da wasu wasannin gargajiya, wasanni, da kuma wasannin fada waɗanda suka samo asali tun shekaru dubbai.     Yawancin waɗannan wasannin sun fara ɓacewa saboda karuwar birane, zuwan wasannin kwamfuta, da kuma sakaci da cibiyoyin al'adu.  

## Tarihi
An nuna wasu daga cikin wasannin gargajiya na Iran a Gasar Asiya ta 1974 da Iran ta shirya a matsayin wata hanya ta nuna ikon al'adun gargajiya na Farisa su rayu tare da al'adun Yammacin Turai na zamani.

## Wasannin gargajiya

### Zu (Idan aka kwatanta da Kabaddi, asalin Indiya)
Zu/Zou yayi kama da sanannen sigar wasan Kabaddi na Indiya,   kuma yana da tarihi tun shekaru dubbai a ƙasar. A cikin wannan sigar, maharin yana farawa da yin "zou" (duba bayanin da ke sama) duk lokacin da yake yin aikin ba tare da numfashi ba har sai ya koma sansanin. Wani bambanci kuma shine babu dokar daƙiƙa 30 a cikin Zu.  

### Haft ya rera waka

### Choub bazi

## Fagen yaƙi

### Pahlavani

## Wasannin allo

### Shatranj

### Nard

## Wasannin kati

### Baas-o-Beyt

## Duba kuma

* Wasannin gargajiya na Kudancin Asiya

## Bayanan kula

## Manazarta
Beatrice Ethel Lithiby

**Beatrice Ethel Lithiby** OBE (4 Disamba 1889 - 25 Yuli 1966) ƙwararriyar mai fasaha ce 'yar Birtaniya da aka sani da mai zane da kuma mai tsara gilashin fenti da kayan coci. Ta yi aiki a Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya da Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu a Rundunar Sojan Burtaniya kuma a tsohon rikicin ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai zane a Gidan Tarihin Yaƙin Daular .

## Tarihin Rayuwa

### Rayuwar farko
An haifi Lithiby a Richmond, a lokacin a Surrey kuma yanzu a Landan, 'yar John Lithiby (1853-1936), lauya, da Ethel Stewart née Smith (1860-1943).  Lithiby ta yi karatu a Makarantar Royal Academy .  A matsayinta na ɗaliba, za ta yi aure da wani ɗalibi, Frank Skinner, lokacin da ya dawo daga aikin soja, amma an kashe shi a watan Yulin 1916 a Somme kuma Lithiby zai yi bikin cika shekaru 100 na mutuwarsa kowace shekara tare da sanarwa a cikin Jaridar *Daily Telegraph* . 

### Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya
A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, Lithiby ta shiga Rundunar Taimakon Sojojin Mata (WAAC) a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1917 a matsayin mataimakiyar shugaba (matsayi daidai da na biyu Laftanar ). [1] [2] Daga nan ta yi aiki tare da Rundunar Taimakon Sojojin Sarauniya Mary (QMAAC) a Faransa na tsawon watanni goma sha takwas. [3] An ɗaga mata matsayi daga mataimakiyar shugaba (daidai da Laftanar ) zuwa mai kula da sashe (daidai da kyaftin ) a ranar 21 ga Janairu 1918. [4] A cikin bikin tunawa da ranar haihuwar Sarki na 1919, an naɗa ta memba na Order of the British Empire (Solitary Division) (MBE) "saboda ayyukan da aka yi dangane da Yaƙin". [5] Ta bar QMAAC a hukumance a ranar 5 ga Disamba 1919. [6]

A watan Fabrairun 1919, ta tuntubi Kwamitin Ayyukan Mata na Gidan Tarihi na Yaƙin Daular Larabawa da tayin yin rikodin ayyukan membobin QMAAC da suka rage a Faransa kafin a wargaza rundunoninsu suka koma gida.  Kwamitin ya amince da shawararta kuma Lithiby ta ƙara yin watanni shida a Faransa tana yin rikodin, a cikin zane-zane da zane-zanen launin ruwa, ayyukan QMAAC a sansanonin Dieppe, Rouen, Le Havre da Abbeville inda membobin rundunar ke kula da makabartu, suna share tsoffin fagen yaƙi da kuma yin wasu ayyukan masana'antu da gudanarwa.  Duk da cewa Lithiby ta amince da rage kuɗi sosai da Kwamitin, watanni uku bayan kammala aikinta Kwamitin ya rubuta mata cewa saboda rage kasafin kuɗi ba za su iya biyanta kwata-kwata ba.  Lithiby ta ci gaba da aikin kuma a kan lokaci ta ba da gudummawar launukan ruwa guda ashirin ga Gidan Tarihi na Yaƙin Daular Larabawa wanda ya zama wani rikodin fasaha na aikin mata a lokacin. 

## Manazarta
Maud MacLellan

**Maud Lilburn MacLellan** OBE (6 Oktoba 1903 - 21 Mayu 1977) ta kasance kwamanda a Scotland na ƙungiyar agajin gaggawa ta Nursing Yeomanry (FANY). Yayin da aka tilasta mata yin aiki da ATS a lokacin yaƙin, ta koya wa Sarauniya Elizabeth ta gaba tuƙi.

## Rayuwab
An haifi MacLellan, ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'ya uku, a Glasgow a shekarar 1903. Iyayenta sune Walter da Jane MacLellan. Ta shiga FANY a shekarar 1929  wacce ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta wacce galibi take aiki a lokacin yaƙi. Mary Baxter Ellis ce ta jagoranci FANY daga 1932 wacce ta jagoranci FANY a Northumberland  ta karɓi ragamar mulki daga Lilian Franklin OBE. 

An naɗa Helen Gwynne-Vaughan a matsayin Babban Mai Kula da Sabuwar Hukumar Kula da Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS) a shekarar 1939.  Wannan aiki ne da Mary Baxter Ellis ta ƙi, amma duk da haka ta amince ta samar wa mata 1500 aiki tare da ATS matuƙar za su iya zama masu zaman kansu. An amince da wannan, amma Gwynne-Vaughan ta karya yarjejeniyar, ta kuma tilasta wa ma'aikatan FANY su shagala.  Gwynne-Vaughan ta riƙe wannan aiki har zuwa 1941.  An sanya MacLellan a cikin mawuyacin hali amma ta zaɓi shiga ATS ta jagoranci kamfanin motoci na 4 na Scotland daga Nuwamba 1938. An bayyana ta a matsayin kyakkyawar abin koyi, wadda ta jagoranci misali, lokacin da sabbin ma'aikata da yawa ba su saba da horon soja ba. 

A watan Maris na shekarar 1945, an kira ta zuwa wani taro a Fadar Buckingham inda aka gaya mata cewa za ta karɓi baƙo mai muhimmanci. Gimbiya Elizabeth tana da sha'awar koyon tuƙi kuma aka zaɓi ATS don samar da kwas na tsawon makonni uku wanda ya haɗa da karatun taswira da makanikai. Daga ƙarshe MacLellan ta sami damar cewa "ta koya wa Sarauniya tuƙi". Gimbiya ta kira ta Ma'am yayin da ake yi mata kallon ƙaramar jami'a tana goge ƙusoshinta yayin da take kammala aikin makanikai. [1]

Ellis ta yi ritaya a shekarar 1947 kuma MacLellan ya gaje ta a matsayin shugaban FANY. A shekarar 1957 aka naɗa ta OBE . 

An gayyaci MacLellan a shekarar 1974 don ya ci abinci tare da Sarauniya a sirri.  MacLellan ya mutu a Helensburgh a shekarar 1977. 

## Manazarta
Jean Knox

**Jean Marcia Montagu, Baroness Swaythling**, CBE (née **Leith-Marshall** ; 14 ga Agusta 1908 - 13 ga Disamba 1993), mai suna **Knox**, wanda aka fara aure, shi ne Daraktan Hukumar Kula da Yankuna ta Auxiliary daga Yuli 1941 zuwa Oktoba 1943.

## Rayuwar farko
An haife ta a ranar 14 ga Agusta, 1908 ga GG Leith-Marshall.  Kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, tana zaune a Leicestershire  kuma uwar gida ce . Ba ta da wani aiki kafin yaƙi. 

## Aikin soja
Knox ya shiga Hukumar Kula da Yankuna ta Auxiliary a watan Oktoban 1938,  kusan shekara guda kafin barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu,  kuma ya ɗauki nauyin aikin dafa abinci.  Ta zama kwamandan kamfani a Kamfanin Herts na 2.   A ranar 30 ga Mayu 1941, an ba ta kwamiti a ATS a matsayin ƙaramin soja na biyu, daidai da laftanar na biyu .  A watan Afrilun 1941, an ɗaukaka ta zuwa babban kwamandan (daidai da babban soja ) kuma an naɗa ta Inspector na ATS.  A cikin wannan matsayin, ta duba kowace rundunar ATS kuma ta sami kujera a Majalisar ATS. 

An naɗa Knox Darakta, Ofishin Taimakon Yankuna a ranar 21 ga Yuli, 1941. An ba ta mukamin mukaddashin babban mai kula da rundunar (daidai da Manjo Janar ), yayin da take riƙe da matsayin babban kwamandan yaƙi .  Wannan ya sa ta zama janar mafi ƙarancin shekaru a duniya a wancan lokacin.  Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukanta na farko a matsayin Darakta shine ƙirƙirar sabuwar rigar soja mai dacewa ga dukkan mukamai na ATS.  An ɗaukaka ta zuwa mai kula da rundunar yaƙi (daidai da Kanar ) kuma an naɗa ta babban mai kula da rundunar a ranar 21 ga Yuli, 1942.  Ta yi tafiya zuwa Kanada a watan Satumba, 1942 don duba Rundunar Sojojin Mata ta Kanada kuma ta taimaka a yaƙin neman aikinta.  Ta koma Birtaniya a watan Nuwamba bayan tafiyar makonni bakwai. 

An naɗa Knox a matsayin Kwamandan Daular Burtaniya a bikin karramawa na Sabuwar Shekara ta 1943. [1] Ta karɓi takardar umarnin a wani bikin karramawa da aka yi a Fadar Buckingham daga Sarki George na VI . [2] Ta ajiye takardar naɗin Darakta, Hukumar Kula da Yankuna ta Auxiliary a ranar 30 ga Oktoba, 1943, [3] saboda dalilai na lafiya. [4] Ta ajiye takardar naɗin babban mai kula da harkokin tsaro na wucin gadi kuma ta ajiye takardar aikinta a ranar 12 ga Disamba, 1943, don haka ta yi ritaya a matsayin mai kula da harkokin yaƙi. [3]

## Rayuwa daga baya
Tsawon makonni shida a shekarar 1948, Knox ya kasance manajan darakta na Peter Jones, Sloane Square, Chelsea, London. Ba ta ba da dalilin yin murabus ɗinta ba a watan Afrilun 1948, amma shagon ya bayyana naɗinta a matsayin 'gwaji'. 

Knox ya mutu a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1993, yana da shekaru 85. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
A shekarar 1935 ta auri Shugaban Rundunar 'Yan Sanda George Ronald Meldrum Knox, ɗan Laftanar Kanar James Meldrum Knox, wanda ta haifa masa 'ya mace ɗaya.  Sun sake aure kafin shekarar 1945. A shekarar 1945, ta auri Stuart Albert Samuel Montagu, Baron Swaythling na 3,  a Southampton . 

## Manazarta
Esme Langley

**Esme Ross-Langley** (ɗan asalin George, wanda aka fi sani da sunan **Ann Bruce** ; 26 ga Agusta 1919, a Guisborough, Yorkshire - 20 ga Agusta 1991, a Hertfordshire, Ingila), marubuciya ce 'yar Burtaniya, wacce aka fi sani da kafa Ƙungiyar Bincike ta Ƙananan Ƙananan Mutane da *Arena Three* .

## Rayuwar farko
Esme ita ce kaɗai 'ya ga Ivy George, wanda ya sanya mata suna Esmé  bayan wani hali a cikin littafi. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

Mahaifinta William Gwyn Thomas ɗan wasan rugby ne na ƙasa da ƙasa. Ya yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekarar 1923 amma mahaifiyar Esme ta ƙi gayyatarsa ta biyo baya. Kakannin mahaifiyarta Charles Henry George da Annie George (née Langley) sun rene Esme a Preston, Lancashire . Tana jin daɗin hawa keke da iyo; jarumin yarinta shine Johnny Weissmuller a cikin fina-finan Tarzan .

## Ilimi
A makaranta Esmé ta yi sha'awar harsuna, musamman Turanci; ta koyi Latin, Faransanci da Jamusanci kuma tana son yin karatun Girkanci na dā amma babu azuzuwan da ake da su a lokacin.

Bayan kammala karatunta na farko (shiga Jami'a) a shekarar 1935 tana da shekaru 16, karatunta na yau da kullun ya ƙare. A cewar littafinta na rabin tarihin rayuwa,  Esmé tana jin daɗin rayuwa a Landan tare da dangin wani abokinta kuma ta ƙi komawa makaranta don shekararta ta ƙarshe ta kammala karatun Ingilishi. Ɗan dangin ya nemi aure amma mahaifiyarsa ba ta amince ba don haka suka rabu. Tana da shekaru 17 tana zaune ita kaɗai, tana aiki a Landan, kuma ta hanyar buƙata tana rayuwa mai sauƙi. Ta yi aikin sa kai don yin hidima a cikin Soja a shekarar 1939 kuma bayan yaƙin, a matsayinta na uwa mara aure, ba ta sami damar ɗaukar matsayinta na jami'a ba.

Daga baya Esmé ta yi karatun Italiyanci don nishaɗi, Swahili da Chichewa yayin da take aiki a Malawi, Sifaniyanci a lokacin da ta yi ritaya a Spain, kuma kafin rashin lafiyarta ta ƙarshe tana da shekaru 72, tana karatun Rashanci.

## Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu

Esmé ta yi aiki a Hukumar Kula da Yankuna ta Auxiliary Territorial (ATS) a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, tana koyar da rubutu da kuma gajeriyar hanya. Duk da godiya da cewa ƙwarewarta ta rubutu ta sa ta ci gaba da aiki, ta fusata da ma'aikata waɗanda suka yi watsi da sauran ƙwarewarta. [1] Misali, tana yawan kammala kalmomi masu wahala kamar Ximenes da Azed, amma lokacin da ta nemi shiga ƙungiyar Bletchley Park da ke aiki a kan kalmar sirri ta Jamus Enigma, rundunar sojojinta ba ta sake ta ba.

Bayan an sake ta daga rundunar sojin Birtaniya a watan Nuwamban 1945 ("Halayyar Soja: Abin koyi") Esmé ba ta da kuɗi, ba ta da gida kuma tana da juna biyu.

An ba da shawarar a karanta littafinta, *Me yasa zan ji tsoro?,*  game da rayuwa a matsayin uwa tilo ga ma'aikatan zamantakewa a lokacin.

## Manazarta
Bouaré Fily Sissoko

**Bouaré Fily Sissoko** (an haife ta a ranar 22 ga watan Agusta 1955) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Mali. Ta kasance Ministar Harkokin Ƙasa da Harkokin Ƙasa daga shekarun 2000 zuwa 2002, Ministar Sadarwa daga shekarun 2001 zuwa 2002 da kuma Ministar Kuɗi daga shekarun 2013 zuwa 2015. An yanke mata hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru goma a gidan yari a shekarar 2025.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Sissoko a ranar 22 ga watan Agusta 1955 a Dakar, Faransa a Yammacin Afirka.  Tana jin Faransanci, Turanci, Bambara, Khassonké da Ouolof. 

Sissoko ta yi karatu a Ségou.  Daga nan ta yi karatun digiri na farko a fannin tattalin arziki a Makarantar Gudanarwa ta Ƙasa da ke Mali da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin shari'ar ci gaba a Jami'ar Nice-Sophia-Antipolis da ke Nice, Faransa. Ta kuma yi karatun takardar shaidar dabarun kwastam a Cibiyar Ci gaban Ɗan Adam ta Max Planck da ke Berlin, Jamus. 

Kafin ta shiga gwamnatin Mali, Sissoko ta yi aiki a gwamnatin Mali, ciki har da mataimakiyar shugaban sashin da ke kula da haɗakar yankunan Afirka, manajan ayyuka a Ma'aikatar Tattalin Arziki, Kuɗi da Tsare-tsare, mataimakin babban darakta na kwastam, da kuma mai kula da harkokin gwamnati. 

Sissoko ta kasance ministar harkokin ƙasa da harkokin ƙasa daga ranar 21 ga  watan Fabrairu, 2000, sannan aka kuma naɗa ta ministar sadarwa daga ranar 23 ga watan Yuni, 2001, tana aiki a waɗannan muƙamai har zuwa ranar 14 ga watan Yuni, 2002. 

Sisoko ta yi aiki a Ofishin Jakadancin Bankin Duniya da ke Mali daga shekarun 2004 zuwa 2013. 

Sisoko ta koma gwamnati a shekarar 2013, inda ta yi aiki a matsayin ministar kuɗi daga ranar 8 ga watan Satumba 2013 zuwa 10 ga Janairu 2015.   Ta jagoranci wata tawagar Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya (IMF) a Washington DC, Amurka, a shekarar 2014. 

Sissoko ta kasance wakiliyar Mali a Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziki da Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (UEMOA) daga watan Mayu na shekara ta 2017.  

A watan Agusta na 2021, an tsare Sissoko a wani ɓangare na binciken cin hanci da rashawa da tsarin shari'a na Mali ya gudanar, zuwa shari'o'i biyu: siyan jirgin saman shugaban kasa na Boeing da kuma kwangilolin kayan aikin soja da suka wuce kima.  An tsare ta a gidan yari na tsawon shekaru uku kafin a fara shari'a a Cibiyar Kula da Mata ta Bollé.   An yanke mata hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru goma a gidan yari,    tare da tarar CFA 500,000. 

A watan Maris na 2025, lauyan Sissoko ta shigar da buƙatar sakin ta na wucin gadi ga Kotun Koli da Kotun Ɗaukaka Ƙara bisa dalilai na lafiya, saboda tabarbarewar lafiyar da cututtukan sikila, matsalolin zuciya, hawan jini da kuma osteoarthritis ke haifarwa.    An ƙi buƙatar.  A watan Afrilun 2025, an kwantar da ita a asibiti a Bamako bayan ta sha fama da bugun zuciya a gidan yari.    

## Manazarta
Barbara J. Sindall

**Barbara Joan Sindall** (22 Satumba 1904 - 25 Maris 1989) malamar makaranta ce 'yar Birtaniya. Ta koyar da Latin da Girkanci a makarantun 'yan mata masu zaman kansu, ciki har da Brearley da Ethel Walker a Amurka, da kuma Makarantar Godolphin da Latymer da ke Landan. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, ta kasance mai harba bindigogin yaƙi da jiragen sama a Ingila.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Sindall a Tunbridge Wells, 'yar Harold Francis Sindall da Ada Banning Sindall.  Mahaifinta shugaban makarantar Arden ne da ke Tsibirin Staten, kuma malami ne a Makarantar St. Bernard's da Choate.   Ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka tare da iyayenta tun tana ƙarama, kuma ta halarci makarantar shirye-shirye a Dongan Hills, Tsibirin Staten .  Ta kammala karatunta daga Kwalejin Bryn Mawr a shekarar 1926. A Bryn Mawr ta buga wasan hockey, tsere, da harbin baka da iyo.  Ta ci gaba da karatu a Rome, da Jami'ar Yale . 

## Sana'a
Sindall ta koyar da darussan Latin, Girkanci, da kuma kayan tarihi a makarantun 'yan mata masu zaman kansu, ciki har da Makarantar Brearley da ke birnin New York, Makarantar Godolphin da Latymer da ke Landan, [1] da Makarantar Ethel Walker da ke Connecticut. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ta koma Birtaniya ta shiga Sabis na Ƙasashen Taimako inda aka ba ta aiki a 1944 [2] kuma ta kai matsayin Subaltern (daidai da Laftanar ) [3] kuma ta yi aiki a cikin batirin Royal Artillery anti-drones. "Ban san abin da zan iya yi don taimakawa ba," in ji ta ga wani ɗan jarida ɗan Amurka a 1969. "Na san kawai ba na son aiki mai sauƙi kamar yadda na yi a nan." [4] Ta yi ritaya daga aikin makaranta a 1966, [5] ta zama mai kula da laburare a Vermont. [4] [6]

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Sindall ta zauna tare da kawarta bazawara kuma abokiyar aikinta malamar makaranta, Bay Frances Coudenhove, a Jeffersonville, Vermont,  har sai da Coudenhove ta mutu a shekarar 1988.  Sindall ta mutu a shekarar 1989, tana da shekaru 84, a Jeffersonville. 'Yar uwarta Susan Sindall ta auri mawaki Peter Schickele . 

## Manazarta