Vernon da Irene Castle

**Vernon da Irene Castle** sun kasance ƙungiyar miji da mata na masu rawa da malamai na rawa waɗanda suka bayyana a Broadway da kuma fina-finai marasa sauti a farkon karni na 20. An yaba musu da farfado da shahararren rawa na zamani. Castle sunan mataki ne: Vernon (2 ga Mayu 1887 - 15 ga Fabrairu 1918) an haife shi **William Vernon Blyth** a Ingila. Irene (7 Afrilu 1893 - 25 Janairu 1969) an haife ta **Irene Foote** a Amurka.

Ma'auratan sun kai ga mafi girman shahararsu a wasan kwaikwayo na farko na Broadway na Irving Berlin, Watch Your Step (1914), inda suka inganta kuma suka shahara da foxtrot. Sun kuma taimaka wajen inganta ragtime, jazz rhythms da kiɗa na Afirka don rawa. Irene ta zama gunkin kayan ado ta hanyar bayyanarta a kan mataki da kuma fina-finai na farko, kuma duka Castles suna cikin buƙata a matsayin malamai da marubuta a kan rawa.

Bayan ya yi aiki tare da bambanci a matsayin matukin jirgi a cikin Royal Flying Corps na Burtaniya a lokacin yakin duniya na farko, Vernon ya mutu a hadarin jirgin sama a wani sansanin horo a kusa da Fort Worth, Texas, a cikin 1918. Irene ta ci gaba da yin solo a Broadway, vaudeville da kuma fina-finai na motsi a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa. Ta sake yin aure sau uku, ta haifi 'ya'ya kuma ta zama mai fafutuka don jin daɗin dabbobi. A shekara ta 1939, an nuna rayuwarta tare da Vernon a cikin *Labarin Vernon da Irene Castle* .&nbsp;

## Samun shahara

Vernon, ɗan mai mashaya, an haife shi a ranar 2 ga Mayu 1887 kuma ya girma a Norwich, Norfolk . Da farko horo don zama injiniyan farar hula, ya koma New York a 1906 tare da 'yar'uwarsa, Coralie Blythe, da mijinta Lawrence Grossmith,  dukansu sun kafa 'yan wasan kwaikwayo. A can Lew Fields ya ba shi karamin bangare a kan mataki, wanda ya haifar da ci gaba da aikin wasan kwaikwayo, kuma ya zama mai wasan kwaikwayo, mawaƙi, mai rawa da mai sihiri, a ƙarƙashin sunan Vernon Castle. A matsayinsa na mai rawa a cikin rawar ban dariya, ƙwarewarsa tana wasa da mutumin da ya bugu, wanda ya faɗi a kan mataki yayin da yake ƙoƙarin ɓoye yanayinsa.

An haifi Irene a ranar 7 ga Afrilu 1893 a New Rochelle, New York,  'yar likita. Ta yi karatun rawa kuma ta yi wasan kwaikwayo a cikin wasan kwaikwayo da yawa kafin ta sadu da Vernon Castle a New Rochelle Rowing Club a 1910. Tare da taimakonsa, an hayar ta don aikinta na farko na sana'a, karamin rawa a cikin "The Summer Widowers".

Lokacin da suka koma Amurka, an sake maimaita nasararsu a mafi girma. Da suke fara bugawa a New York a 1912 a wani reshe na Cafe de Paris wanda Louis Martin ke sarrafawa, wanda ya ba su farawa a Paris, ba da daɗewa ba duo sun kasance ana buƙata a kan mataki, a cikin vaudeville da fina-finai. Sun kuma zama manyan mutane na Broadway. Daga cikin shirye-shiryen su akwai The Sunshine Girl (1913) da Watch Your Step (1914), wanda ya yi alfaharin Irving Berlin na farko, wanda aka rubuta don Castles. A cikin wannan farkawa, ma'auratan sun inganta kuma sun shahara da Foxtrot. Bayan tafiyarta a New York, Watch Your Step ya zagaya ta hanyar 1916.

A shekara ta 1914, ma'auratan sun bude makarantar rawa a New York da ake kira "Castle House", wani gidan rawa da ake kira ""Castles by the Sea" a kan Boardwalk a Long Beach, New York, da kuma gidan cin abinci, "Sans Souci". A Castle House, sun koya wa al'ummar New York sabbin matakai na rawa da rana kuma sun gaishe baƙi kuma sun yi a kulob din su da cafe da dare. Har ila yau, ana buƙatar su don darussan sirri da bayyanar a jam'iyyun zamani. Duk da shahararsu, sau da yawa suna samun kansu a matsayin ma'aikata masu hayar; idan abokin ciniki mai arziki ya yi tsada sosai, Vernon zai ba da kuɗin dala dubu a awa ɗaya don darussan kuma sau da yawa yana samun shi.

## Fim da kayan ado

A matsayin babbar ƙungiyar rawa ta Amurka, Castles sun kasance masu tsara yanayi a wurare da yawa. Ƙaunarsu ga rawa ta ƙarfafa masu sha'awar su gwada sababbin nau'ikan rawa na zamantakewa. An yi la'akari da alamun mutunci da aji, Castles musamman sun taimaka wajen cire zargi na lalata daga rawa na kusa. Hoton ma'aurata a matsayin ma'auratan da suka yi aure da jituwa ya kara inganta manufofin Progressive Era na kyakkyawar dangantakar cikin gida wacce za'a iya cimma ta hanyar rawa ta zamantakewa. Ayyukan Castles, sau da yawa ana saita su zuwa ragtime da jazz rhythms, sun kuma shahara da kiɗa na Afirka-Amurka tsakanin fararen fata. Castles sun bayyana a cikin wani labari mai suna Social and Theatrical Dancing a shekara ta 1914 kuma sun rubuta littafi mai koyarwa mafi kyawun sayarwa, Modern Dancing, daga baya a wannan shekarar. Har ila yau, ma'aurata sun fito a cikin fim din da ake kira The Whirl of Life (1915), wanda masu sukar da jama'a suka karɓa sosai.

Yayinda shahararren ma'auratan suka karu a tsakiyar shekarun 1910, Irene Castle ya zama babban mai tsara kayan ado, yana fara salon gajerun, cikakkun skirts da kuma loose, elasticized corsets. An kuma yaba mata da gabatar da matan Amurka a 1913 ko 1914 zuwa Bob - gajeren, salon gashi na yara da flappers suka fi so a cikin 1920s. Kyakkyawan, duk da haka mai sauƙi, riguna masu gudana da Irene ta sa a kan mataki da allo ana nuna su akai-akai a cikin *Vogue*, *Harper's Bazaar* da sauran mujallu na zamani. Wadannan sau da yawa sanannen mai tsara kayan ado Lucile ne ke bayar da su, amma Irene kuma ta tsara wasu tufafinta kanta. Kyakkyawan, kyawawan Castles sun kasance majagaba a wasu hanyoyi: sun yi tafiya tare da ƙungiyar baƙar fata, James Reese Europe's Society Orchestra, kuma suna da manajan lesbian a bayyane, Elisabeth Marbury.

## Yaƙin Duniya na I: Mutuwar Vernon
A cikin 1915, Vernon ya yanke shawarar yin yaƙi a Yaƙin Duniya na I kuma ya fara makarantar jirgin sama a Amurka, ya bar aikin yawon shakatawa na Watch Your Step . Ya sami takardar shaidar matukin jirgi a farkon 1916. Castles sun ba da wasan kwaikwayo biyu na ban kwana a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Hippodrome a New York a watan Janairun 1916, tare da John Philip Sousa da ƙungiyarsa. Vernon ya tashi zuwa Ingila don shiga matsayin matukin jirgi a cikin Royal Flying Corps a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na I.  Da yake tashi a kan Yammacin Gabas, ya kammala ayyukan yaƙi 300,  ya harbe jirgin sama biyu kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta  a 1917. An aika shi zuwa Kanada don horar da sabbin matukan jirgi a Camp Mohawk a Ontario, ya shiga cikin kide-kide da yamma. An ɗaukaka shi zuwa kyaftin, sannan aka sauya shi tare da sauran ƙungiyarsa zuwa Amurka don horo na hunturu a Camp Taliaferro .

A ƙarshen 1917, yayin da yake tafiya, Irene ta bayyana a cikin wani labari mai cike da taurari, *Miss 1917*. Kodayake masu bita sun ware ta don yabo, ba ta da farin ciki tana yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan mataki kadai: "Na sami kaina ba tare da bege ba a matsayin lambar solo. Ba ni da horo don rawa shi kaɗai kuma bai kamata in taɓa gwada shi ba. "  Ko da yake ya ci nasara tare da masu sukar, sake dubawa ya kasa jawo hankalin masu sauraro; aƙalla bai isa ya biya don samar da kayan aiki ba. An kalubalanci waƙar ƙwarewar Castle a kan tushen haƙƙin mallaka, kuma gudanarwa ta yanke shi. Bugu da kari, an shirya aikinta a cikin wasan kwaikwayon don marigayi da yamma, wanda ya sabawa aikin fim dinta na safe. Yayin da wasan kwaikwayon ya gaza, masu samarwa sun bar ta da sauransu. Daga baya ta kai karar da nasara, amma a lokacin kamfanin samarwa ya fadi. A cikin sauran shekara ta 1917, ta yi bayyanar da aka karɓa sosai a madadin kungiyoyin agaji na yaki.

A ranar 15 ga Fabrairu 1918, a kan Filin Benbrook, filin horo kusa da Fort Worth, Texas, Vernon ya dauki matakin gaggawa jim kadan bayan tashi don kauce wa haɗuwa da wani jirgin sama. Jirginsa ya tsaya, kuma bai iya dawo da iko ba kafin jirgin ya fadi ƙasa. Ya mutu ba da daɗewa ba bayan hadarin, yana da shekaru 30. Vernon ne kawai ya mutu. A cewar abin tunawa a wurin da hatsarin ya faru, "Ba ɗayan matukin jirgi ba, ɗalibinsa, ko biri na Vernon, Jeffrey, sun ji rauni sosai. "  Irene ta ba da gudummawa ga Vernon a cikin tarihinta My Husband, 1919. Akwai titin a Benbrook, Texas, mai suna don girmama shi, tare da abin tunawa da aka keɓe masa. An binne Vernon a Bronx)" id="mw6w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Woodlawn Cemetery (Bronx)">Kabari na Woodlawn a Bronx, New York .  Abokin Irene, masanin zane-zane na Amurka Sally James Farnham ne ya kirkiro mutum mai baƙin ciki wanda ke durƙusa a kan kabarin.

## Ci gaba da auren Irene da shekaru masu zuwa

A ranar 3 ga Mayu 1919, Irene ta auri Robert E. Treman, zuriyar wani shahararren Itaca, New York iyali.[1] Sun zauna a sabon yankin Ithaca na Cayuga Heights, arewacin Jami'ar Cornell. Irene ta fito a cikin fina-finai da yawa tsakanin 1917 da 1924, gami da Patria (1917), kuma ta bayyana a wasu shirye-shirye da yawa kafin ta yi ritaya daga kasuwancin nunawa. An ruwaito cewa Treman ya saka hannun jari a cikin kuɗin Castle kuma ya rasa shi a kasuwar hannun jari. Sun sake aure a 1923. Ta sake yin aure sau biyu; a wannan shekarar, ta auri Frederic McLaughlin (mutumin da ya girme ta da shekaru 16), kuma shekaru biyu bayan ya mutu a 1944, ta auri George Enzinger, mai kula da talla daga Chicago, wanda ya mutu a 1959. A lokacin aurenta da "Major" McLaughlin, wanda shine mai kafa Chicago Blackhawks, an yaba mata da tsara sutura ta asali don Blackhawks Hockey Club.[2] Tana da 'ya'ya biyu tare da McLaughlin, Barbara McLauglin Kreutz (1925-2003), wanda ya zama Dean na Makarantar Fasaha da Kimiyya a Kwalejin Bryn Mawr, da William Foote McLaughl (1929-2012). [3]

A kusa da 1930, "mace mafi kyawun tufafi a Amurka" ta gabatar da wasan kwaikwayo na rediyo na sa'a huɗu na tafiye-tafiyen Turai tare da mijinta, bulldog Zowie, da Walter ("ma'aikacin uba mai launi") a kusa da manyan biranen Turai a cikin "The Life of Irene Castle". An san wani abu daya ne kawai (babban #4) ya wanzu. A shekara ta 1939, rayuwar Castles ta zama fim, The Story of Vernon and Irene Castle, wanda RKO ta samar kuma Fred Astaire da Ginger Rogers suka fito. Edna May Oliver ya buga wakilin su, kuma Lew Fields ya girme shi da shekaru 33. Irene Castle ta yi aiki a matsayin Mai ba da shawara kan fasaha a kan fim din, amma ta yi karo da Rogers, wanda ya ki sanya alamar kasuwanci ta Castle gajeren bob ko ya yi gashin kanta. Ta ki amincewa da bukatun tufafi na Rogers, kodayake an kwafe wasu rigunan Lucile na asali na Castle don fim din. Castle kuma ya nuna rashin amincewa da hayar fararen ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Walter Brennan don ya yi wasa da abokinsu mai aminci kuma bawansa Walter, wanda baƙar fata ne. A shekara ta 1958, ta bayyana a matsayin mai kalubalantar baƙo a cikin shirin talabijin na To Tell the Truth . 

## Manazarta