Abu Talib ibn Abd al- Muttalib

**Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib** shi ne shugaban Banu Hashim, dangin kabilar Kuraishawa na Makka a yankin Hijazi na Jaziratul Arabiya.  Da yake shi dan uwan ​​Abdullahi ne, mahaifin Annabi Muhammadu, shi ne kawun Annabi Muhammadu kuma mahaifin Ali.  Bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa Abd al-Muttalib bn Hashim bn Abd Manaf, ya gaji wannan matsayi na shugaban qabila, da ofisoshin Siqaya da Rifada.  An girmama shi a Makka.

Dangane da yarjejeniyar malamai na Sunni, Abu Talib bai taɓa karbar Islama ba.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Abu Talib a birnin Makka a yankin Hijaz a cikin 535 AZ. Shi ne ɗan shugaban Hashimite, Abd al-Muttalib, kuma ɗan'uwan mahaifin Muhammadu, Abdullah, wanda ya mutu kafin haihuwar Muhammadu. Bayan mutuwar mahaifiyar Muhammad Aminah bint Wahab, Muhammad, yaro har yanzu, an kai shi kula da kakansa, Abd al-Muttalib. Lokacin da Muhammad ya kai shekaru takwas, Abd al-Muttalib ya mutu. Ɗaya daga cikin kawunan Muhammadu ya ɗauke shi. Babbar, Al-Harith bai isa ya yarda da kula da dan uwansa ba. Abu Talib, duk da talaucinsa, ya ɗauki Muhammadu a cikin wani aikin karimci mara son kai.

Kodayake Abu Talib yana da alhakin samar da *Siqaya* da *Rifada* (Abubuwa da Abin sha) na mahajjata na Hajji, ya rayu cikin talauci. Don cika wajibansa ga mahajjata, dole ne ya ranta kuɗi daga ɗan'uwansa Abbas, wanda ya kasa dawowa, don haka an tilasta masa barin Abbas ya ɗauki aikin. Duk da haka, matsayinsa na zamantakewa bai dauki wani lahani daga wannan gazawar ba.

Muhammadu yana son kawunsa, kuma Abu Talib yana son shi. Ana tunawa da Abu Talib a matsayin mawaki mai basira, kuma ana danganta ayoyi da yawa na waka don tallafawa Muhammadu a gare shi. Da zarar, yayin da Abu Talib ke shirin tafiya don kasuwanci, Muhammad ya yi kuka kuma ba zai iya jurewa da rabuwa da shi ba. Abu Talib ya amsa, "Ta wurin Allah zan dauke shi tare da ni, kuma ba za mu taba rabuwa da juna ba. "

Daga baya a rayuwa, a matsayin babba, Muhammad ya ga cewa Abu Talib yana fama da kudi bayan mummunan fari. Muhammad ya yanke shawarar kula da ɗayan 'ya'yan Abu Talib kuma ya shawo kan Al-'Abbas ya yi haka. Sun tattauna wannan al'amari tare da Abū Ṭālib, wanda ya nemi a bar ɗansa da ya fi so 'Aqīl tare da shi. Al-'Abbās ya zaɓi Ja'far, kuma Muhammad ya zaɓi 'Alī.

## Kare Muhammadu
A cikin al'ummar kabilanci, haɗin kabilanci yana da mahimmanci, in ba haka ba za a iya kashe mutum ba tare da hukunta shi ba. A matsayinsa na shugaban Banu Hashim, Abu Talib ya yi aiki a matsayin mai kare Muhammad. Bayan Muhammadu ya fara wa'azin saƙon Islama, mambobin sauran dangin Quraysh sun ƙara jin barazanar Muḥammad. A ƙoƙarin kwantar da shi, sun matsa wa Abū Ṭālib ya kwantar da dan uwansa ko sarrafa shi. Duk da wadannan matsin lamba, Abu Talib ya ci gaba da goyon bayansa ga Muḥammad, yana kare shi daga sauran shugabannin Quraysh. Shugabannin Quraysh kai tsaye sun fuskanci Abu Talib sau da yawa. Abu Talib ya kori su kuma ya ci gaba da tallafawa Muhammadu koda lokacin da ya sanya rikici tsakanin shi da Quraysh. A cikin wani labarin, Quraysh har ma sun yi barazanar yaƙi da Banu Hashim akan wannan rikici. A cikin wani labari na irin wannan rikici, Abu Talib ya kira Muhammad don yin magana da Quraysh. Muhammad ya tambayi shugabannin Quraysh su ce shahada kuma sun yi mamakin.

Har ma Quraysh sun yi ƙoƙari su ba Abu Talib cin hanci. Sun gaya wa Abu Talib cewa idan ya bar su riƙe Muhammad, to zai iya karɓar 'Umarah ibn al Walid ibn al Mughirah, mafi kyawun matashi a Quraysh.   Lokacin da wannan ma ya gaza, Quraysh ya sami goyon baya daga wasu kabilun don kauracewa kasuwanci tare da ko auren mambobin zuriyar Banu Hashim. Wannan kauracewa ya fara shekaru bakwai bayan Muhammad ya sami wahayi na farko kuma ya kasance na tsawon shekaru uku.  Manufar matsawa ga Hashimites har ma ya sa su cikin biyayya.  Wannan sakat da yawa daga cikin dangin H Hugu da yawa ya motsa su da yawa a kusa da su. Ɗan'uwan Abu Talib, Abu Lahab, ya goyi bayan Quraysh a kan wannan batun; ya koma gida a gundumar Abd Shams don nuna goyon baya ga Quraysh. Ya yi tunanin Muhammadu ya haukace ko kuma mai zamba.

Kare Muhammad ya sanya matsin lamba a kan Abu Talib da Banu Hashim. A wani misali Abu Talib ya ce wa Muhammadu, "Ceton ni da kanka, kuma kada ku sanya nauyi mafi girma a kaina fiye da yadda ba zan iya ɗauka ba". Muhammadu ya amsa, "Ya kawun! Da Allah Mai Iko Dukkawo na rantse, koda kuwa ya kamata su sanya rana a hannuna na dama da wata a hagu cewa zan yi watsi da wannan dalili, ba zan yi haka ba har sai Allah ya tabbatar da shi ko ya sa ni ya hallaka a cikin aikin ba.  Ganin motsin zuciyar dan uwansa, Abu Talib zai amsa, "Ku, Ya ce, da Allah, da wani dalili ba za ku taɓa cewa, "

## Mutuwa
Abū Ṭālib ya mutu a kusa da 619 AD, yana da shekaru sama da 80, kimanin shekaru 10 bayan fara aikin Muhammadu. Wannan shekarar an san ta da Shekarar baƙin ciki ga Muhammadu, saboda ba wai kawai kawunsa Abu Talib ya mutu ba, har ma da matarsa Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, a cikin wata daya na Abu Talib.

Bayan mutuwar Abu Talib, an bar Muhammad ba tare da kariya ba. Ɗan'uwan Abu Talib kuma magajinsa a matsayin shugaban iyali, wato Abu Lahab, bai kare shi ba, saboda shi abokin gaba ne na Muhammadu, don haka Muhammadu da mabiyansa sun fuskanci tsanantawa mai ban mamaki. An nakalto Muhammadu yana cewa, "Da Allah, Quraysh bai taba cutar da ni ba kamar bayan mutuwar Abu Talib. "  Musulmai na farko sun koma Abyssinia sannan zuwa Madina don tserewa daga tsanantawa daga Quraysh.

## Ra'ayoyi game da ƙungiyoyi daban-daban
Tunatarwar Abu Talib tana da tasiri daga manufofin siyasa na Sunni da Shia Musulmai.

### Sunni
An ruwaito a cikin Sunni Islama cewa ayar Alkur'ani 28:56 ("Ya Annabi! Gaskiya, kuna jagorantar ba wanda kuke so ba, amma Allah ya jagorantar wanda Zai so") an bayyana shi game da rungumar Abu Talib na Islama a hannun dan uwansa.

## Iyali

Abu Talib ya auri Fatima bint Asad . Suna da 'ya'ya maza huɗu:

* Talib, Shi ne ɗan fari na mahaifinsa, kuma Abu Talib ya karɓi kunya daga gare shi. Ba a san komai game da shi ba; ba shi da yara kuma ba a taɓa gano jikinsa ba bayan kusan  624.
* 'Aqīl ibn Abī Ṭālib (Abu Muslim) , ya auri Fatima bint Uqba kuma yana da 'ya'ya da yawa: Abu Sa'id, Muslim, Musa, Abd Allah, Ramla, Ja'far, Muhammadu da Abd al-Rahman .
* Ja'far ibn Abī Ṭālib (Abu Awn) , ya auri Asma bint Umays kuma yana da 'ya'ya maza 3: Abd Allah, Muhammadu da Awn suma suna da 'yar: Na'mi .
* 'Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (Abu Hasan) , ya auri mata da yawa, ciki har da Fatima bint Muhammad . Yana da 'ya'ya da yawa kamar Hasan, Husayn, Abbas, Zaynab, Umm Kulthum da Muhammadu.

da 'ya'ya mata uku:

* Fākhita bint Abī Ṭālib (Umm Hani) , ya auri Hubayra ibn Abi Wahb kuma yana da 'ya'ya maza hudu: Umar, Fulan, Yusuf, Amr da' ya'ya mata biyu: Hani da Ja'dah
* Jumāna bint Abī Ṭālib (Umm Sufyan) , ya auri Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith kuma yana da 'ya'ya maza biyu, Sufyan da Ja'far, Ali
* Rayṭa bint Abī Ṭālib (Umm Talib) , ya auri Awn ibn Umays kuma yana da ɗa, Talib 

### Ilimi na 'ya'yansa

* Muhammad da matarsa, Khadija bint Khuwaylid, sun yi karatu a Ali
* Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib da matarsa, Lubaba bint al-Harith, masu ilimi Talib
* Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib da matarsa, Salma bint Umays, masu ilimi Ja'far
* Al-Zubayr ibn Abd al-Muttalib da matarsa, Atika bint Abi Wahb, masu ilimi Aqil
* Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib da matarsa, Fatima bint Asad, masu ilimi Fakhita, Jumana da Rayta

### Bishiyar iyali
* * ya nuna cewa ana jayayya da umarnin aure
* Lura cewa ana nuna alamar kai tsaye a cikin **bold**.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin sanannun Hijazis
* Itacen iyali na Ali
* Ra'ayi na Shi'a game da Ali
* Banu Hashim

## Manazarta