Hukuncin kisa a Gabon

An soke **Hukuncin kisa a Gabon** a hukumance ga dukkan laifuka a cikin 2010. Kashe-kashen karshe na Gabon ya faru ne a shekarar 1985. Kafin sokewa, an rarraba Gabon a matsayin abolitionist na *de facto*, ko "abolitionist a aikace," saboda tsawon lokacin da aka kashe su na ƙarshe.

## Tarihi

### Kashewa ta ƙarshe
Kashe-kashen karshe na Gabon ya faru ne da asuba a ranar 11 ga watan Agusta 1985, lokacin da aka kashe Alexandre Mandja Ngokouta. Ngokouta, kyaftin din rundunar sojin saman Gabon wanda ya shiga ƙungiyar addini ta zamantakewa da siyasa da ke da alaƙa da Ikilisiyar Kristi ta Sama wacce ta damu da tashin hankali da rikicin tattalin arziki ya haifar kwanan nan, ya yi ƙoƙari ya yi juyin mulki a kan shugaban Gabon Omar Bongo. Yunkurin juyin mulkin Ngokouta bai yi nasara ba, yayin da hukumar leken asiri ta Faransa ta rushe yunkurin. An kama Ngokouta kuma Kotun Soja ta yanke masa hukunci na yunkurin hambarar da gwamnati; an sanar da hukuncin a farkon watan Agusta 1985. An kashe shi da sauri ta hanyar harbi a Libreville, kimanin mako guda bayan da aka yanke masa hukunci. Biyu daga cikin wadanda ake zargi da hannu an yanke musu hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai da aiki tuƙuru. An yanke wa daya hukuncin shekaru biyar a kurkuku. An wanke biyu. Gabaɗaya, an zargi sojoji shida da shiga cikin yunkurin juyin mulki. Kashe-kashen karshe a Gabon shine na farko kuma kawai kisa don cin amana a lokacin gwamnatin Bongo.

## Kawar da shi
Kafin sokewa, Gabon tana da ci gaba da dakatar da kisa tun bayan mutuwar Ngokouta a shekarar 1985. A ranar 13 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 2007, Majalisar Ministoci Gabon ta kada kuri'a don hana hukuncin kisa, wani yanke shawara wanda ya sami yabo daga Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 'Yancin Dan Adam, Louise Arbour, wanda ya fitar da wata sanarwa da ta bayyana cewa, "Wannan yanke shawara tana ƙarfafa ci gaba da yunkurin kawar da hukuncin kisa a duk duniya. " A wannan lokacin, Arbour ya gayyaci Gabon ya zama jam'iyya ga Yarjejeniyar Zaɓin Kasa da Kasa kan' Yancin Jama'a (ICCPR), wanda ke sanya hannu don kawar da hukuncin mutuwa gaba ɗaya.

A shekara ta 2007, Gabon ita ce kuma kasar da ta gabatar da kudurin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don dakatar da hukuncin kisa.

Kusan shekaru uku bayan haka, a ranar 15 ga Fabrairu 2010, Gabon, a karkashin gwamnatin sabon shugaban kasar Ali Bongo Ondimba, ya sanya hukuncin kisa don jefa kuri'a a gaban majalisunsu, wanda ya haifar da kasar a hukumance kuma ya cire hukuncin kisa gaba daya daga dokokin su. Ba su sanar da kawar da hukuncin kisa ba har zuwa 14 ga Fabrairu 2011, lokacin da suka yi sanarwa ta hukuma ta hanyar ƙungiyar adawa da hukuncin kisa Hands Off Cain . Cutar Gabon ta sanya su kasa ta 96 a duniya, kuma ta 16 a Afirka, don kawar da hukuncin kisa. Gabon ta yanke shawarar soke hukuncin kisa an sami yabo sosai, tare da Sakataren Hands Off Cain, Sergio D'Elia, yana kiran matakin wani ɓangare na Gabon "babban ci gaba game da haƙƙin ɗan adam," yayin da shugaban Tarayyar Kasa da Kasa don 'Yancin Dan Adam, Souhayr Belhassen, ya sanar da shawarar a matsayin wanda ya buɗe damar samun ci gaban jin kai a wasu ƙasashen Afirka masu riƙewa, kamar Mali da Benin.

An maye gurbin hukuncin kisa da matsakaicin hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai. A karkashin dokar Gabon, ana buƙatar waɗanda aka yanke musu hukunci game da laifuka da ake azabtar da su ta hanyar mutuwa su kwashe akalla shekaru 30 a kurkuku kafin a sake su ko kuma a sami damar yin salula. An kuma kawar da hukuncin kisa tare da kawar da aikin tilastawa a matsayin horo a cikin dokar soja.

Gabon ta shiga Yarjejeniyar Zaɓuɓɓuka ta Biyu ga Alkawarin Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Bil'adama da Siyasa a ranar 2 ga Afrilu 2014. 

## Manazarta