Alkarma mai ban tsoro

**Al-karma Mai ban tsoro**

Harin na Al-Karmah, mai suna Fajr al-Karma,wani hari ne da Sojojin Iraki da mayakan 'yan Sunni masu adawa da kungiyar ISIL suka kaddamar domin kwato gundumar Al-Karmah da ke hannun 'yan ta'addar Da'esh na Iraki da Levant a Iraki. An fara kai farmakin ne a ranar 14 ga watan Afrilun shekarar 2015. A yayin farmakin sojojin da ke yaki da ISIL sun kwace wani bangare na birnin Al-Karmah da tsohuwar hanyar Al-Karmah.

Dangane da harin da gwamnatin Iraki ta kai, ISIL ta kaddamar da farmaki a yankin, inda ta kai hari Ramadi, ta kuma kwace kauyuka uku da ke kusa da ita a ranar 15 ga watan Afrilu,tare da kwace madatsar ruwa ta Tharthar a ranar 24 ga Afrilu.A ranar 15 ga Mayu, ISIS ta mamaye hedkwatar gwamnatin Iraki a Ramadi. Harin ISIL a Ramadi ya sa mutane 114,000 kauracewa yankin, a cewar jami’an Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, wanda ya kara adadin ‘yan gudun hijira daga Anbar tun daga shekarar 2014 zuwa sama da mutane 400,000.

## '''Baya'''
Lardin Anbar da ke yammacin Iraki shi ne lardi mafi girma kuma mafi yawan jama'a a kasar. Galibin al'ummar na zaune ne a manyan biranen kasar, kamar Ramadi da Falluja, kuma kusan kowa da kowa a yankin yana zaune ne a wani dan tazara da kogin Furat, wanda macizai daga Bagadaza ya ratsa kan iyakar kasar Siriya. Mafi yawan al'ummar Sunni a Anbar sun kasance tungar gwagwarmayar Iraqi a lokacin da Amurka ta mamaye Iraki (2003-2011). Bayan kisan Falluja na watan Afrilun shekarar 2003 da kuma wargaza sojojin Iraqi a ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 2003, yawancin 'yan Sunni mazauna yankin sun juya baya ga mamaya na Amurka. Rushewar ta sa dubban daruruwan Anbari ba su da aikin yi, kasancewar da yawa daga cikin sojoji ne ko kuma jam'iyyar, kuma suna kallon wargaza shi a matsayin wani abin raini ga al'ummar Irak.

A shekara ta 2004, lardin ya kasance cikin cikakken tawaye. Kungiyar Al-Qaeda a Iraki ta zama babbar kungiyar 'yan Sunni a lardin, inda ta mayar da hedkwatar lardin Ramadi ta zama tungarta. Yaƙe-yaƙe da dama, kamar Yaƙin Ramadi (2004), Yaƙin Fallujah na Farko (Afrilu 2004), Yaƙin Fallujah na Biyu (Nuwamba – Disamba 2004), Yaƙin Ramadi na Biyu (2006), ya ɓata yankin yayin da ’yan tawayen Iraqi suka fafata da Amurkawa. mamaya domin sarrafa Anbar. A cikin shekaru hudu na farko na Operation Freedom Iraqi, lardin Anbar shi ne lardi mafi muni ga ma'aikatan Amurka, wanda ya yi ikirarin kusan kashi daya bisa uku na mace-macen Amurkawa. Wani bangare na muhimmancinsa ya zo ne daga yadda yammacin kogin Furat ya kasance wata muhimmiyar hanya ta kutsawa ga mayakan kasashen waje da suka nufi yankin Iraki daga Syria.

A watan Agustan 2006, kabilu da dama da ke kusa da Ramadi, karkashin jagorancin Sheikh Abdul Sattar Abu Risha, sun yi tawaye ga AQI. Kabilun sun kaddamar da farkawa ta Anbar tare da taimakawa wajen tunkarar maharan. Dakarun kabilanci na Amurka da Iraqi sun sake kwace birnin Ramadi a farkon shekara ta 2007, da kuma wasu garuruwa irin su Hīt, Haditha, da Rutbah. A watan Yunin 2007, Amurka ta mayar da hankalinta ga lardin Anbar ta gabas tare da tsare garuruwan Fallujah da Al-Karmah. Bayan janyewar sojojin Amurka daga Iraki a shekara ta 2011, a shekara ta 2014 ne dakarun ISIL suka mamaye yankin a birnin Anbar.Ya zuwa ƙarshen watan Yuni na 2014, aƙalla kashi 70% na lardin Anbar na ƙarƙashin ikon ISIS,ciki har da garuruwan Fallujah,Al-Qa'im,Abu Ghraib, da rabi. na Ramadi.

A matsayin martani ga mamayar kungiyar ISIL, gwamnatin Iraki tare da hadin gwiwar sojojin Amurka da na Iran, sun kaddamar da yakin kasa da kasa kan kungiyar ISIL, wanda ya hada da harin Anbar. A lokacin da aka fara kai hare-haren dai, tungar gwamnatin Irakin a yankin mai yawan jama'a na lardin shi ne a Ramadi, babban birnin lardin Anbar, yayin da 'yan ta'addar ISIL ke rike da wajen birnin, da ma galibin yankin. 

## Sojojin gwamnati
Harin na Anbar wani babban kawance ne na dakarun yaki daban-daban a hukumance karkashin jagorancin Dakarun Tsaro na gwamnatin Iraki (ISF) Hashed al-Shaabi (ko Popular Mobilisation Brigades) ne ke taimaka musu, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke karkashin ikon gwamnatin Iraki wadda akasari ta kunshi 'Yan sa kai na 'yan Shi'a, amma kuma sun hada da daruruwan mayakan Sunni. Mummunan fadan da aka gwabza a garin Anbar dai jami'an 'yan sandan Iraki ne da ke samun goyon bayan 'yan kabilar Sunni masu arziki a cikin kasar wadanda suka ki amincewa da ISF ko dakarun Shi'a su shiga Ramadi saboda kiyayyar tarihi da ke tsakanin Sunni da Shi'a[24]. Da farko an ba da labarin cewa mayaka 'yan Sunna 10,000 za su shiga cikin sojojin gwamnatin Iraki. Ya zuwa ranar 9 ga Mayu, 'yan kabilar 1,000 sun shiga cikin sojojin Iraki a sansaninsu da ke Amiriyat al-Fallujah, don wani sabon kiyasin da aka yi kiyasin yawan mayakan kabilanci "har ya kai 6,000".Har ila yau sojojin na Iraki sun samu tallafin ta sama daga rundunar hadin gwiwa ta Operation Inherent Resolve da ke yaki da kungiyar ISIL a kasashen Siriya da Iraki da Amurka ke jagoranta a birnin Anbar tun daga watan Oktoban shekarar 2014.Ostiraliya, Belgium, Kanada, Denmark, Faransa, Jordan, Netherlands, Burtaniya RAFda Amurka duk sun yi jigilar bama-bamai a cikin Operation Inherent Resolve.

## manazarta