Taron Jama'a don Yanayi

**Yarjejeniyar Jama'a don Yanayi** taron 'yan ƙasa ne da aka gudanar a cikin 2019 da 2020 wanda ya tattauna rage fitar da hayaƙin Faransa da kashi 40 cikin ɗari daga matakan 1990 cikin ruhin adalci na zamantakewa. An fara shi ne don mayar da martani ga zanga-zangar Yellow Vest ga harajin man fetur. An ƙirƙira taron ne bayan wasu gwaje-gwajen shawarwari da aka fi sani da ƙananan jama'a. Membobin taron sun kasance ƴan ƙasa 150 da aka zaɓe bazuwar da aka tsara don su zama wakilan jama'ar Faransa a cikin ma'auni shida: jinsi, shekaru, yanayin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki, matakin ilimi, nau'in wuri, da lardi. Kwamitoci da dama sun taimaka wa taron da suka haɗa da kwamitin gudanarwa, ƙungiyar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun da suka ba da jagora da taimako na ƙungiya, kwalejin garanti, wanda ke kiyaye yancin kai na babban taron, da hukumar shari'a. Membobin da kansu sun rabu zuwa ƙungiyoyin aiki akan batutuwa biyar a cikin batun sauyin yanayi: abinci, gidaje, aikin yi, sufuri, da amfani.

Da farko an raba aikin taron zuwa zama shida, tare da ƙarin zama na bakwai na hukuma da kuma zama uku na hukuma: zaman kama-da-wane biyu tsakanin zama na shida da na bakwai da kuma zama na takwas don kimanta kudurin dokar yanayi na gwamnati. An fara gudanar da zaman a kowane karshen mako na uku daga karshen mako na 5 ga Oktoba, 2019. An jinkirta zama na hudu ta hanyar zanga-zangar fensho a watan Disamba 2019 da Janairu 2020 kuma an jinkirta zama na bakwai da cutar ta COVID-19. Zama na farko ya mayar da hankali ne kan ayyana matsayin majalissar, zama na biyu ya mayar da hankali ne kan manyan tambayoyi da taron zai yi kokarin amsawa, zama na uku ya kunshi tarurruka da yawa da kwararru a waje, da kuma zama na hudu ya shafi aiki a cikin kungiyoyin aiki guda biyar da kuma ziyarar Emmanuel Macron. Mambobin sun kammala shawarwarin su ne a zaman na biyar, suka gabatar da su a zama na shida, kuma suka kada kuri'a a zaman na bakwai. Gabaɗaya, taron ya amince da shawarwari 149 a cikin ƙungiyoyin aiki, waɗanda Emmanuel Macron ya yi alkawarin aiwatar da 146.

Kafofin yada labarai sun ba da rahoton cewa dangantaka ta kara tsami tsakanin mambobin babban taron da na majalisa yayin da mambobin taron ke ganin cewa majalisar ta gaza aiwatar da manufofinsu kuma suna da karfin gwiwa kan shawarwarin da suka gabatar. A lokacin da majalisar ta bayyana kudirin dokar da aka rubuta domin mayar da martani ga shawarwarin taron, da yawa daga cikin mambobin taron sun fusata cewa bai hada da da yawa daga cikin muhimman tanade-tanaden da suka yi ba. A zaman na takwas da ba a hukumance ba, da yawa daga cikin mambobin taron sun baiwa majalisar matakin gazawa saboda gazawarta wajen zartar da shawarwarin da suka gabatar.

Taron ya ja hankalin masana, musamman ma malaman dimokuradiyya mai ra'ayin mazan jiya. Akwai tarin wallafe-wallafen da masu ra'ayin dimokuradiyya suka rubuta, da yawa daga cikinsu sun lura da taron da kansu, kan abin da taron ke nufi ga makomar dimokuradiyya da kuma kimanta nasarori da gazawar taron.

## Samuwar
A ranar 25 ga Afrilu, 2019, Shugaba Emmanuel Macron ya ba da sanarwar ƙirƙirar Yarjejeniya ta Jama'a kan Yanayi a wani taron manema labarai. Manufar da aka bayyana ita ce rage fitar da hayaki mai gurbata yanayi da kashi 40 cikin 100 daga matakinsu a shekarar 1990 bisa ga adalci na zamantakewa. Taron ya kasance martani ne ga faɗuwar ƙungiyoyin zanga-zangar Yellow Vest da kuma a matsayin faɗaɗa na Faransa "Grand Débat National", wanda aka shirya don mayar da martani. Musamman taron ya kasance mayar da martani ne ga zanga-zangar adawa da harajin man fetur da kuma rage saurin gudu, wanda masu zanga-zangar Yellow Vest ke kallon a matsayin rashin adalci ga talakawa, kuma ana fatan taron zai iya magance tashe-tashen hankulan da ke tattare da haraji ko kuma ba da shawarar wasu hanyoyin da za a bi.

A ranar 2 ga Yuli, 2019, Firayim Minista Edouard Philippe ya gabatar da "wasikar manufa" wacce ta sanar da taron ga shugaban majalisar tattalin arziki, zamantakewa da muhalli (CESE), kungiyar da ke da alhakin shirya taron. Wannan wasiƙar ta bayyana yadda taron ya gudana da kuma ‘yancin kai na kwamitin gudanarwar sa. Philippe ya kuma bayyana cewa za a mika shawarwarin taron ga shugaban kasa ba tare da tacewa ba.

## Manazarta