open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Marcia Anderson

**Marcia Carol Martin Anderson** ( née **Mahan** ; an haife ta a shekara ta 1957) babbar jami'a ce mai ritaya a Rundunar Sojojin Amurka . Ita ce mace ta farko 'yar asalin Amurka da ta zama Manjo Janar a Rundunar Sojojin Amurka.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Anderson a Beloit, Wisconsin, kuma ta kammala makaranta a St. Louis, Missouri .   Mahaifinta ya yi aiki a Rundunar Sojojin Sama ta Amurka a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, yana aiki a matsayin direban babbar mota.  An tura Anderson cikin Rundunar Sojojin Amurka ta hanyar shirin ROTC a Jami'ar Creighton. 

## Sana'a
A matsayinsa na farar hula, Anderson ya yi aiki a matsayin Magatakardar Kotu a Kotun Fatarar Kuɗi ta Amurka a Gundumar Yammacin Wisconsin. 

Anderson ta kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Creighton da ke Omaha, Nebraska a shekarar 1979, ta kammala karatun digiri a Makarantar Shari'a ta Rutgers a shekarar 1986–Newark da ke New Jersey, kuma ta kammala karatun digiri a Kwalejin Yaƙin Sojojin Amurka a shekarar 2003. Tana da aure da Amos Charles Anderson.    Da farko ta yi rajista a Hukumar Horar da Jami'an Reserve a Jami'ar Creighton saboda tana buƙatar ƙimar kimiyya. 

A shekarar 2011, Anderson ta zama mace ' yar asalin Amurka ta farko da ta kai matsayin Manjo Janar a rundunar sojojin Amurka, Rundunar Sojojin Amurka da kuma Rundunar Tsaron Kasa ta Sojojin Amurka .   

Anderson ta yi ritaya daga rundunar sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya a shekarar 2016 kuma daga aikinta na farar hula a shekarar 2019.   Tun daga lokacin aka ba ta lambar yabo ta Manjo Janar James Earl Rudder kuma an shigar da ita cikin zauren shahara na Gidauniyar Mata ta Sojoji. 

Tun daga shekarar 2021, ta yi aiki a matsayin memba na Kwamitin Zartarwa na Green Bay Packers.  A shekarar 2024 aka zaɓe ta don ta zama mai ɗaukar nauyin jiragen ruwa na USS Beloit . 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Anderson tana zaune a Wisconsin tare da mijinta Amos Charles Anderson; ma'auratan ba su da 'ya'ya na kansu.  Kawu, firist ɗin Jesuit Joseph A. Brown, shi ne shugaban sashen Afirka a Jami'ar Kudancin Illinois.  Ita Katolika ce. 

## Kyaututtuka
Kyaututtukan soja da kayan ado na Anderson sun haɗa da lambar yabo ta Soja Mai Daraja, lambar yabo ta Legion of Merit tare da tarin ganyen oak guda biyu, lambar yabo ta Medal Service Medal tare da tarin ganyen oak guda uku, lambar yabo ta Soja, lambar yabo ta Nasarar Soja, lambar yabo ta Parachutist, da kuma lambar yabo ta Motsa Jiki .

## Manazarta
Heidi M. Anderson

Heidi Milia Anderson jami'ar ilimi ce ta Amurka wacce ke aiki a matsayin shugabar Jami'ar Maryland Eastern Shore tun daga watan Satumba na 2018. A ƙarƙashin jagorancinta, jami'ar ta sami babban kuɗi, tare da jimillar dala miliyan 38 a cikin shekaru huɗu na farko, wanda ya karu da kashi 33% tun daga 2020. A da ita ce shugabar Jami'ar Texas A&M–Kingsville da Jami'ar Kimiyya .

## Rayuwa
Anderson 'yar Gary ce, Indiana .  Ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin harhada magunguna (1978) da kuma digiri na uku a fannin gudanar da harhada magunguna (1986) a Kwalejin Harhada Magunguna ta Jami'ar Purdue .  A shekarar 1982, ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimi a Makarantar Ilimi ta Jami'ar Purdue .  Anderson ɗaliba ce ta farko a kwaleji .  Anderson ita ce mataimakiyar darakta a cibiyar damar samun ayyukan kiwon lafiya a Kwalejin Harhada Magunguna ta Jami'ar Purdue daga 1978 zuwa 1982. 

Anderson ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar sashen kirkire-kirkire a fannin ilimi a Kwalejin Magunguna ta Jami'ar Kentucky daga Yuli 2006 zuwa Janairu 2022.  A Jami'ar Kentucky, ta kasance mataimakiyar shugabar sashen harkokin malamai daga Agusta 2006 zuwa Yuli 2011 kuma mataimakiyar shugabar sashen inganta cibiyoyi daga Yuli 2011 zuwa Yuni 2013.  Kumble R. Subbaswamy ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Anderson.  Daga 1986 zuwa 1989, Anderson ta kasance mataimakiyar farfesa a sashen gudanar da kimiyyar lafiya a Kwalejin Magunguna ta Jami'ar Tennessee .  Ta shiga Kwalejin Magunguna ta Jami'ar Auburn a 1989 a matsayin mataimakiyar farfesa a sashen kula da magunguna.  Anderson ta zama farfesa a fannin magunguna a shekarar 1993 kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin farfesa kuma shugabar sashen daga 1999 zuwa 2002.  A shekarar 2010, ta lashe kyautar tsofaffin ɗaliban da suka kammala karatun likitanci daga Jami'ar Purdue. 

Anderson ita ce shugabar jami'a kuma mataimakiyar shugabar harkokin ilimi a Jami'ar Kimiyya daga Yuli 2013 zuwa Agusta 2015.  Daga Satumba 2015 zuwa Satumba 2017, ta shiga Jami'ar Texas A&amp;amp;M–Kingsville a watan Satumba 2015 a matsayin shugabar jami'a kuma mataimakiyar shugabar harkokin ilimi.  Daga Oktoba 2017 zuwa Satumba 2018, ita ce mataimakiyar shugaban kasa kan ayyuka na musamman. 

Anderson ta zama shugabar Jami'ar Maryland Eastern Shore (UMES) a ranar 1 ga Satumba, 2018, inda ta maye gurbin Juliette Bell .   Ita ce mace ta huɗu a ƙarni na 21 da ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar UMES.  A shekarar 2020, ta sami lambar yabo ta Influential Marylander's Award da kuma lambar yabo ta mata 100 mafiya tasiri a Maryland daga  .  A shekarar 2022, Anderson ta zama shugabar Ƙungiyar Kwalejoji da Jami'o'in Jiha ta Amurka . 

## Takaddama
Bayan zarge-zargen da ƙungiyar kafofin watsa labarai masu ra'ayin mazan jiya ta The Daily Wire ta yi, har zuwa ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 2025, Anderson na fuskantar bincike kan satar bayanai a tsawon aikinta.  Bugu da ƙari, an shigar da ma'aikacin jami'ar da ke kula da ita a baya kuma a halin yanzu ana tuhumarta da laifin nuna wariyar launin fata a wajen ɗaukar ma'aikata da kuma kula da su.  

## Manazarta ta
Ayana Holloway Arce

Ayana Tamu Arce ( née Holloway) ƙwararriyar masanin kimiyyar lissafi ce ta Amurka kuma farfesa a fannin kimiyyar lissafi a Jami'ar Duke . Tana aiki a kan kimiyyar lissafi ta barbashi, tana amfani da bayanai daga Babban Hadron Collider don fahimtar abubuwan da suka wuce Tsarin Daidaitacce .

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Arce a Lansing, Michigan  kuma ya yi karatun kimiyyar lissafi a Jami'ar Princeton, ya kammala karatunsa da girmamawa da kuma digiri na farko a shekarar 1998. 

Ta koma Jami'ar Harvard don samun digirin digirgir, tana aiki a matsayin Mai Gano Collider a na'urar gano Fermilab (CDF) a dakin gwaje-gwaje na Fermi National Accelerator .   Ta kammala digirin digirgir ɗinta a shekarar 2006. 

## Iyali
Mahaifiyarta, Karla, ita ce Farfesa James B. Duke na Turanci da Shari'a a Jami'ar Duke, tare da sha'awar al'adun Baƙar fata na Amurka. Mahaifinta, Russell Holloway, masanin kimiyyar kwamfuta ne kuma Mataimakin Dean na Hulɗar Kamfanoni da Masana'antu na Makarantar Injiniya ta Pratt . 

## Bincike
Bayan kammala karatun digirin digirgir na uku (Ph.D.), Arce ta kammala karatun digirin digirgir na biyu a Chamberlain a dakin gwaje-gwaje na kasa na Lawrence Berkeley, inda ta yi aiki kan dabarun gwaji don auna halayen ƙwayoyin cuta marasa ƙarfi.  Arce ta shiga Jami'ar Duke a shekarar 2010 kuma an ba ta gurbin karatu a Woodrow Wilson Foundation Fellow a shekarar 2012.  Arce tana aiki akan na'urar gano calorimeter a gwajin ATLAS .   Tana aiki akan sake gina tsarin jet substructure, da kuma amfani da jet tagging a cikin diboson resonances .    

A shekarar 2017, Arce da mahaifiyarta, Karla, sun shiga cikin bikin tunawa da shekaru 50 na tallafin karatu ga malamai 'yan asalin ƙasar Amurka .  Ta yi farin ciki da fim ɗin *Hidden Figures* kuma ta shiga cikin tattaunawar ƙasa don duba yadda za a jawo hankalin mutane masu launin fata a cikin ayyukan kimiyya.    Tana cikin ƙungiyar bincike ta dakin gwaje-gwajen nukiliya ta Jami'o'in Triangle, wacce ke tallafawa ɗaliban da ke karatun digiri na farko don kammala ayyukan bincike na bazara a fannin kimiyyar nukiliya da ƙwayoyin cuta. 

## Manazarta
Alanna Arrington

**Alanna Lynn Arrington** (an haife ta a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba, 1998) ƙwararriyar mai tallan kayan kawa ce 'yar Amurka daga Cedar Rapids, Iowa .  Ta kasance a shafin Maxim and Elle UK   Ita ce abin koyi ga Victoria's Secret . 

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Arrington ga Anthony da Amy Arrington, kuma tana da 'yar'uwa ɗaya mai suna Amyah. Arrington 'yar asalin ƙabila ce. Ta halarci Makarantar Firamare ta Erskine, Makarantar Tsakiya ta McKinley, da Makarantar Sakandare ta Washington a Cedar Rapids kuma tana cikin ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta jami'ar.

## Sana'a
Jami'an hazaka Jeff da Mary Clarke na Mother Model Management, a St Louis, Missouri ne suka yi wa Arrington bincike.  Daga baya ta sanya hannu a Next Model Management . Ta fara aiki a Los Angeles kafin ta koma birnin New York don yin tallan kayan kwalliya. 

Arrington ta fara fitowa a lokacin tarin kayan F/W na 2016, inda ta buɗe wasan Altuzarra .   Ta yi tafiya a kan shirye-shirye sama da 20 a wannan kakar, ciki har da Chanel, Tommy Hilfiger, Louis Vuitton, Etro, Céline da Diane Von Furstenberg .  Tun daga lokacin ta yi tafiya a kan titin Missoni, Max Mara, Mulberry, Tom Ford, Alberta Ferretti, Stella McCartney, Balmain, Roland Mouret, da Yeezy .   

Arrington ya fito a cikin sharhin mujallu kamar Vogue,  British Vogue, Vogue España, Vogue Russia, Teen Vogue,  Harper's Bazaar,  Elle,  Interview,  Allure,  iD,  da Wonderland Magazine.  Arrington ya fito a cikin tallace-tallace na Polo Ralph Lauren,  Gap Inc., Urban Outfitters, DKNY, Mango, Stella McCartney,  H&amp;amp;M,  Levi's, Express, da Aldo . 

Ta yi tafiya a cikin bikin nuna kayan kwalliya na Victoria's Secret na 2016-2018.  

An sanya ta a matsayin yarinya mai "Kudi" a models.com. 

A shekarar 2017, an zaɓe ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin "Motoci 11 da kuke buƙatar sani" na Vogue Arabia . 

## Manazarta
Balanda Atis

**Balanda Atis** (an haife ta a shekarar 1972 ko 1973)  ƙwararriyar masaniyar kimiyyar kwalliya ce ta Amurka. Ma'aikaciyar L'Oréal tun daga shekarar 1999, aikinta na faɗaɗa nau'ikan kayan kwalliyar kamfanin da ake tallatawa ga mata masu launin fata ya samu karbuwa ta hanyar wallafe-wallafen kayan kwalliya kamar *Harper's Bazaar* da *Elle* .  

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
A zamanin farko, Ba’amurke ɗan ƙasar Haiti,  Atis ta girma a East Orange, New Jersey.  Ta sami digirin farko a fannin ilmin halittu daga Jami'ar Rutgers da kuma digirin masters a fannin kimiyya daga shirin kimiyyar kwalliya na Jami'ar Fairleigh Dickinson .

## Sana'a
A matsayinta na mai kemistri a kamfanin Playtex Products, Atis ta yi aiki a kan nau'ikan kayayyakin kula da kai daban-daban, ciki har da Banana Boat, Jhirmack, Ogilvie, da Tan Express.  Lokacin da ta shiga L'Oréal USA a shekarar 1999, ta fara aiki a kan sinadaran mascara .   Ba tare da gamsuwa da kayan shafa na mata masu launin fata ba, a shekarar 2007, ta fara wani aiki na gefe a wurin aikinta tare da izinin shugaban sashen kayan shafa na kamfanin. Atis da wasu masana kimiyya biyu na L'Oréal sun je nunin da kamfanin ya shirya a fadin Amurka kuma sun tattara ma'aunin launin fata daga mata masu launin fata. Ta hanyar bincikenta a kamfanin, ta gano cewa ana iya amfani da ultramarine a cikin tushe don ƙirƙirar launuka masu kyau da zurfi yayin da ake guje wa ƙarewar laka da aka saba gani a cikin samfuran da ake da su don launin fata mai duhu .  

An nada Atis manaja a wani dakin gwaje-gwaje da kamfanin ya buɗe a shekarar 2014 wanda aka keɓe don haɓaka kayan kwalliya don launuka daban-daban na fata. Ta kuma ƙirƙiro gidauniyar da 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Lupita Nyong'o ta saka a cikin tallan tallan L'Oréal's Lancôme wanda ya fara a wannan shekarar. A watan Oktoba na 2020, mujallar Elle ta sanya Atis a cikin "mata 10 baƙaƙen fata waɗanda suka kafa tarihi" kuma ta bayyana ta a matsayin "ƙarfin da ke bayan faɗaɗa launukan kwalliya - don dacewa da duk launukan fata baƙi - a cikin samfuran kamar Armani, Lancôme, Maybelline, da Urban Decay .

## Manazarta
Naj Austin

Najla Austin babbar jami'ar kasuwanci ce ta Amurka. Ita ce ta kafa kuma babbar jami'ar kula da lafiyar jama'a ta Ethel's Club da kuma dandalin sada zumunta na Somewhere Good.

## Sana'a
Austin ta fara aikinta a fannin gidaje.  Ta yanke shawarar neman ƙungiyar zamantakewa da kuma wurin aiki tare ga mutanen da ba su da launin fata da ke zaune a Williamsburg, Brooklyn, bayan da ta sami matsala wajen neman mai baƙar fata mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali . A watan Janairun 2019, ta wallafa a shafin Instagram don tantance masu sha'awar ƙungiyar zamantakewa kuma ta sami jerin mutane 4,000 da ke jira.  Ta kafa Ethel's Club jim kaɗan bayan haka.  Ta yi amfani da gidan yanar gizon iFundWomen don tara dala 26,000 don biyan kuɗin fara kasuwanci kuma ta buɗe ƙungiyar a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2019 a Brooklyn .  An sanya wa kasuwancin suna ne bayan kakar Austin, Ethel Lucas, wacce ta kasance mai shirya al'umma mai himma wacce aka san ta da tarurrukan zamantakewa.   Ƙungiyar, wacce yanzu take da dandamali na dijital, tana da mambobi kusan 1,500 a watan Disamba na 2020.  

A watan Oktoban 2020, an zaɓi Austin don yin jawabi a shirin Time100 Talks wanda Meghan Markle da Prince Harry suka shirya. 

Austin ta ƙaddamar da wani sabon sigar dandamalin sada zumunta na Somewhere Good a watan Janairun 2021.  Ta sami tallafin dala miliyan 3.75 don gina manhajar.  Haka kuma an tsara ta ne ga mutanen da ba su da launin fata kuma za ta sami masu gudanarwa da kuma ƙa'idar ɗabi'a ta membobi.  Austin ta kuma ƙaddamar da alamar Form No Form, wani dandamalin fina-finai na awanni 24. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Austin yana zaune a Brooklyn . Austin yana da 'yan'uwa biyar ciki har da Mujai Austin. 

## Accolades

* 2019 – ''Inc.'', Mata Masu Kafa Gida 100 
* 2020 –  

## Manazarta
Coleen Vogel

Coleen Vogel masanin ilimin yanayi ne na Afirka ta Kudu wanda ke da hannu a cikin aikin kasa da kasa kan Canjin yanayi. Ita ce Farfesa mai daraja a Jami'ar Witwatersrand . A shekara ta 2009 ita ce ta uku da ta lashe Kyautar Burtoni saboda aikinta.

## Rayuwa
Vogel ta horar da ita a matsayin masanin yanayin yanayi. Ta yi aiki a Jami'ar Witwatersrand a Johannesburg inda ta zama Farfesa mai daraja a Cibiyar Canjin Duniya. Ita ce jagorar marubuciya ga Kwamitin Gwamnati kan Canjin Yanayi na 4th Binciken Rahoton Kungiyar 2 Babi kan Afirka, kuma ta shugabanci Kwamitin Kimiyya na Duniya na Shirin Dimensions na Duniya kan Canjin Canjin Yanayinta.

A shekara ta 2009 ita ce mutum na uku da aka zaba don karɓar kyautar Burtoni . 

A cikin 2022 ta wallafa gargadi tare da Francois Engelbrecht, Alize le Roux da Aimee-Noel Mbiyozo don cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana buƙatar kasancewa da shirya don canjin yanayi. Wannan ya biyo bayan Ambaliyar KwaZulu-Natal wanda ya kashe akalla mutane 435, wasu 40,000 ba su da gida kuma gidaje 4,000 sun lalace. Sun yarda cewa ambaliyar irin wannan girman ta faru a baya amma bambancin yanzu shi ne cewa ambaliwar tana faruwa akai-akai saboda canjin yanayi. Ta riga ta yi jayayya bayan guguwar zafi ta 2021 don ingantaccen shiri yana lura da buƙatar ci gaba da sadarwa mai kyau tare da arewacin duniya da kuma cewa Afirka da jami'o'inta suna buƙatar ƙarin shiga.

Vogel sanannen masani ne a cikin Gudanar da Bala'i na Afirka ta Kudu yana da hannu wajen kirkirar shawarwari masu kore da fararen takardu da kuma taimakawa tare da Dokar Gudanar da bala'i. A shekara ta 2022 ta kasance jagorar Birnin Johannesburg don Adaptation da canjin yanayi.

## Littattafan da aka zaɓa

* 
* 

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Bahamadia

**Antonia D. Reed** (an haife ta a ranar 22 ga Afrilu, 1966),  wacce aka fi sani da **Bahamadia**, mawakiya ce kuma mawaƙiya 'yar Amurka. Bahamadia ta fitar da kundin waƙoƙinta na farko, *Kollage*, a shekarar 1996,  sannan EP *BB Queen* da aka fitar da kanta a shekarar 2000. Daga nan ta fitar da cikakken kundin waƙoƙi, *Good Rap Music*, a shekarar 2005. Bahamadia ta kuma fitar da waƙoƙin "Dialed Up Vol. 1" (a shekarar 2013), "Here" (a shekarar 2015), da "Dialed Up Vol. 2" (a shekarar 2018).

Bahamadia ta kasance fitacciyar mawakiya a waƙoƙin mawaƙa, waɗanda suka haɗa da Roots, Jedi Mind Tricks, Erykah Badu, Morcheeba, Guru, da Towa Tei, da sauransu.

A watan Nuwamba na 2016, Bahamadia ta bayyana a matsayin baƙo a kakar wasa ta 15 ta *Project Runway*, inda ɗanta, Mah-Jing Wong, ya kasance mai fafatawa. Mahaifinsa ɗan China ne, wani ɓangare kuma Ba'amurke ɗan Afirka; an sanya masa suna ne saboda kakansa.  

## Sana'a
Bahamadia ta halarci makarantun sakandare da dama a Philadelphia a shekarun 1980, ciki har da University City da Parkway . Yayin da take makarantar sakandare, ta fara ɗaukar hip hop da muhimmanci kuma wasu mawaka kamar The Cold Crush Brothers, Schoolly D da Lady B sun yi mata tasiri. A lokacin, ta fara yin wasa a matsayin DJ.  Ta sami kulawa daga Guru of Gang Starr a shekarar 1993 saboda waƙarta a cikin EP *[[Funk Vibes]]* . 

## Kundin Waƙoƙi

### Kundin waƙoƙin studio

### Marasa aure

### Bayyanar baƙi

## Manazarta
Mala Mohammed Daura

**Mala Mohammed Daura** (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Yuni, 1962) masanin kimiyya ne kuma mai gudanarwa a Najeriya. Ya kasance Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Jihar Yobe, Damaturu tun daga ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2020, bayan nadin da Gwamnan Jihar Yope, Alhaji Mai Mala Buni ya nada shi. Shi ne Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar na huɗu.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haife shi a Daura kuma ya fito ne daga Karamar Hukumar Fune ta Jihar Yobe, Daura ya fara tafiyarsa ta ilimi a makarantar firamare ta Daura, Jihar Borno, daga 1968 zuwa 1975. Ya ci gaba da karatunsa a Makarantar Sakandare ta Gwamnati Damaturu, Jihar Yobe, tsakanin 1975 da 1980. Daura ya bi ilimi mafi girma a Jami'ar Maiduguri, inda ya sami digiri na farko daga 1981 zuwa 1985. Ya sami digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Kudu maso Yammacin Ibadan, daga 1987 zuwa 1988 kuma ya yi bincikensa na post-doctoral a Laboratory for Experimental Geomorphology, Jami'ar Katholieke Leuven Belgium, daga Maris 1995 zuwa Yuni 1995.

## Ayyukan ilimi
Daura ya fara aikin koyarwarsa a matsayin Matasa a Sashen Geography a Jami'ar Jihar Ondo, Ado-Ekiti, Jihar Ondo. Daga nan ya shiga Jami'ar Maiduguri a matsayin mataimakin digiri a ranar 2 ga Oktoba, 1986, daga ƙarshe ya tashi zuwa matsayin farfesa a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 2004.  Daura ya yi aiki a matsayin Pioneer Rector na Yobe State Polytechnic, Geidam, daga Nuwamba 2002 zuwa Afrilu 2004. Ya kuma rike mukamai a Jami'ar Maiduguri, ciki har da mataimakin mataimakin shugaban (Central Administration) daga Afrilu 15, 2004, zuwa Agusta 3, 2008, da Ag. mataimakin shugaban majalisa daga 21 ga Mayu, 2008, zuwa 2 ga Yuni, 2009. Daura daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban Jami'ar Maiduguri daga Yuni 3, 2009, zuwa Yuni 2, 2014. Ya yi aiki a matsayin farfesa mai ziyara a Jami'ar Jihar Nasarawa, Keffi, da Jami'ar Abuja . Daga baya, Daura ya ɗauki matsayin Darakta a Cibiyar Gudanar da Hadarin Bala'i da Nazarin Ci Gaban (CDRM & DS). Amin Estate 

Daura memba ne na Ƙungiyar Masu Bayyana Yanayi na Najeriya, Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Yanayi ta Najeriya (NGWG), kuma tana da zumunci tare da Cibiyar Masana'antu da Masu Gudanar da Kamfanoni (FIICA) da Cibiyar Harkokin Waje da Gudanarwa (FCIPDM).

## Manazarta
Alexinia Baldwin

**Alexinia Young Baldwin** (3 ga Fabrairu, 1925 - 21 ga Janairu, 2017) malamar makaranta ce kuma farfesa a Jami'ar Connecticut wadda ta sadaukar da bincikenta ga nazarin yara masu baiwa marasa baiwa.   Baldwin sanannu ne da ƙirƙirar *Baldwin Identification Matrix*, wani samfurin kimantawa don gano baiwa a cikin Baƙar fata Ba'amurke da sauran ɗaliban da ba su da baiwa a tarihi a fannin ilimi mai hazaka .  

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Alexinia Young Baldwin a Alabama a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu, 1925. Ta sami digirin farko daga Jami'ar Tuskegee, MA daga Jami'ar Michigan, da kuma digirin Ph.D. daga Makarantar Ilimi ta Neag a Jami'ar Connecticut . Ta koyar a shirin farko na ɗaliban Afirka-Amurka masu hazaka a Alabama.

A shekarar 1957, Alexinia Young Baldwin da mijinta sun yi nasara a karar da suka shigar kan birnin Birmingham, Alabama, bayan an kama su a wani ɗakin jira na fararen fata a Tashar Jirgin Ƙasa ta Birmingham.   

A Makarantar Neag ta Jami'ar Connecticut, Baldwin ta yi karatu a ƙarƙashin Joseph Renzulli .  Bayan ta sami digirin digirgir na uku a shekarar 1971, Baldwin ta zama farfesa a Jami'ar Albany, SUNY . Ta koma Jami'ar Connecticut a shekarar 1988 kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin farfesa a Makarantar Neag har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a shekarar 2003.  

Baldwin ya yi aiki a kwamitin gudanarwa na Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Yara Masu Hazaka, shugaban Ƙungiyar Masu Hazaka (1978–1979), da kuma a matsayin wakilin Amurka a Majalisar Duniya ta Masu Hazaka da Hazaka (1981–2003).  

Baldwin ta mutu a ranar 21 ga Janairu, 2017, a Cibiyar Mansfield, Connecticut . Tana da shekaru 91. 

## Littattafai

* *Kayan Aikin Ganewa na Baldwin Identification Matrix don Ganewa Ɗalibai Masu Hazaka da Hazaka* (1977)
* Baldwin, Alexinia Y., da Wilma Vialle. *Fuskokin da Yawa na Hazaka: Ɗaga Mask* (1999)
* *Yawan Ɗaliban da ke da Hazaka daban-daban da kuma waɗanda ba su da ƙwarewa sosai a fannin al'adu* (2004)

## Manazarta
Shirley Elizabeth Barnes

**Shirley Elizabeth Barnes** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1938) tsohuwar jami'ar diflomasiyyar Amurka ce  kuma jami'ar harkokin waje ce a fannin aiki. An naɗa ta jakadar Amurka a Madagascar daga ranar 29 ga Yuni, 1998, zuwa 28 ga Yuli, 2001.  

## Rayuwa
An haifi Barnes a ranar 5 ga Afrilu, 1938, a St. Augustine, Florida. Lokacin da take da shekaru biyar, iyalinta sun ƙaura zuwa Saratoga, New York. 

## Ilimi
A shekarar 1956 ta kammala karatunta a Kwalejin Baruch  tare da digirin farko a fannin kasuwanci. A lokacin karatunta na kwaleji, ta shiga makarantar 'yan gurguzu ta Delta Sigma Theta, wato Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Ci Gaban Mutane Masu Launi (NAACP), kuma ta ƙware a fannin Faransanci. 

Daga baya ta yi karatun Harkokin Ƙasashen Duniya a Jami'ar Boston .  Ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin gudanar da harkokin kasuwanci daga Jami'ar Columbia a shekarar 1970. 

Ta kasance cikin ɗaliban Ajin Babban Taron Karawa Juna Sani na Kwalejin Yaƙin Ƙasa da ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1995. 

## Sana'a
Kafin ta shiga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje, Barnes ta zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa a manyan hukumomin talla da dama kuma ta yi aiki a Gidauniyar Ford daga 1961-1965 a Jamhuriyar Congo, Kinshasa . Bayan ta dawo Amurka a 1965, ta yi aiki a Cibiyar Baƙar fata ta Amurka da ke birnin New York . 

A shekarar 1984, Barnes ta shiga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Amurka kuma ta zama Jami'ar Ayyuka ta Janar a Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka da ke Masar.  An yi mata karin girma a shekarar 1986 zuwa Mai Kula da Ofishin Ayyuka na Janar a Ofishin Jakadancin da ke Senegal. Daga 1990 zuwa 1992, Barnes ta yi aiki a matsayin Mai Ba da Shawara kan Gudanarwa a Gabashin Berlin, Jamus. 

Barnes ita ce darektan harkokin Yammacin Turai a Ofishin Harkokin Turai a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin jami'ar diflomasiyya a Yammacin Berlin, Alkahira, Sofia, da Dakar . Ta kuma kasance jakada a Strasbourg, Faransa . 

A shekarar 1998, Barnes ta zama jakadiyar Amurka a Madagascar kuma ta yi aiki har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a shekarar 2001. 

A shekara ta 2004 ta kafa Gidauniyar Barnes Findley, wata gidauniya mai zaman kanta da ta sadaukar da kanta don tallafawa mata da 'yan mata a Afirka da ke zaune a ƙasashen waje tare da mai da hankali kan yaƙi da fataucin mutane da ƙarfafa tattalin arziki.

Barnes ya sami digirin girmamawa na likitan shari'a a shekarar 2006 daga Kwalejin Knox . 

Ita mamba ce a ƙungiyar Delta Sigma Theta da kuma Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Harkokin Waje ta Amurka . Ita ma ƙwararriyar mai kula da fasahar Afirka ce  kuma tana jin Faransanci. 

## Manazarta
Joyce Anne Barr

**Joyce Anne Barr** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1951) jami'ar diflomasiyya ce ta Amurka kuma jami'ar harkokin waje ce a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje . Ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Sakatare ta Harkokin Gwamnati da kuma Babbar Jami'ar Dokar 'Yancin Bayanai. Kafin wannan lokacin, Barr ta kasance Mai Ba da Shawara kan Harkokin Ƙasa da Ƙasa a Kwalejin Sojojin Ƙasa ta Masana'antu .  Aikinta na baya shine Darakta Mai Gudanarwa ta Harkokin Gabashin Asiya da Pacific (EAP) a cikin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje.  Ta yi aiki a matsayin jakada a Namibia daga 2004 zuwa 2007. 

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Barr a shekarar 1951, a Tacoma, Washington . 

## Ilimi
Barr ta sami digirin BA a fannin Gudanar da Kasuwanci daga Jami'ar Pacific Lutheran, inda ta kammala karatun digirin magna cum laude. Ta kuma sami digirin MPA daga Jami'ar Harvard da kuma digirin MS a fannin Dabaru na Albarkatun Ƙasa daga Kwalejin Masana'antu ta Sojoji .

## Sana'a
Barr ta yi aiki a matsayin jami'ar diflomasiyya ta aiki, bayan ta shiga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje a shekarar 1979. Ta yi ayyuka a Stockholm (1980), Budapest (1982), Nairobi (1985), Khartoum (1989), Ashgabat (1998), da Kuala Lumpur, inda ta kasance Mai Ba da Shawara kan Harkokin Gudanarwa.

Barr ta kuma yi ayyukan gida a Washington, DC, inda ta yi aiki a Ofishin Ma'aikata na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje, Ofishin 'Yancin Dan Adam da Harkokin Jin Kai, da Ofishin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙasa da Ƙasa a Ƙungiyar Ci Gaban Masana'antu ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da Ƙungiyar Yawon Bude Ido ta Duniya .

Shugaba Bush ya naɗa Barr a matsayin jakadar Amurka a Namibia kuma Majalisar Dattawan Amurka ta amince da ita. Jakadiya Barr ta fara naɗinta ne a ranar 4 ga Oktoba, 2004. 

Barr ta kuma shiga cikin Shirin Ayyukan Cikin Gida na Ma'aikatar Jiha, wanda aka fi sani da Shirin Pearson. An fara wannan shirin ne a shekarun 1970, inda aka tura jami'an Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje a wajen sashen domin haɓaka iliminsu game da dokokin harkokin waje da kuma damuwar jama'a.  A matsayin wani ɓangare na wannan aikin, ta yi aiki tare da Sanata Daniel Patrick Moynihan da ɗan majalisa Bennie Thompson .

A ranar 17 ga Disamba, 2011, Majalisar Dattawan Amurka ta tabbatar da Barr a matsayin Mataimakin Sakataren Harkokin Waje na Gudanarwa . 

A ranar 26 ga Janairu, 2017, lokacin da Rex Tillerson, wanda Donald Trump ya naɗa a matsayin Sakataren Harkokin Wajen Amurka, ya ziyarci Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, Barr, Patrick F. Kennedy, Michele Bond, da Gentry O. Smith duk an nemi su yi murabus daga ma'aikatar a lokaci guda. 

Barr memba ne na Kwalejin Gudanarwa ta Ƙasa . 

## Manazarta
Tiffanie Barriere

**Tiffanie Barriere** kwararriyar masaniyar hadawa ce kuma mai koyar da ruhohi, wacce aka fi sani da laƙabinta - "The Drinking Coach."        Ta kasance daraktan abin sha tsawon shekaru bakwai a gidan cin abinci na One Flew South da ke filin jirgin saman Hartsfield-Jackson na Atlanta, wanda Tales of the Cocktail ta zaba a matsayin Mafi Kyawun Mashaya a Filin Jirgin Sama a Duniya a 2014 kuma aka zaɓe ta don lambar yabo ta Gidauniyar James Beard a ƙarƙashin jagorancinta.      

Barriere ta girma a Louisiana da Texas tun tana ɗa ɗaya tilo .  Lokacin da iyayenta suka sake ta, ta ƙaura zuwa Atlanta tare da mahaifinta.  Ta fara aiki a matsayin mai sayar da giya mai koyar da kanta amma daga baya ta kammala karatunta daga shirin BarSmarts na Pernod Ricard na Amurka .  Ta fara sayar da giya a One Flew South a kusa da 2009 kuma ta tafi a 2016 don fara sayar da giya mai zaman kanta .  An san ta da amfani da abubuwan sha a matsayin hanyar raba tarihin Baƙar fata .   

Ita memba ce a Kwamitin Tallafin Tales of the Cocktail kuma an shigar da ita cikin Tales of the Cocktail's Hall of Fame a shekarar 2020.     A shekarar 2021, Barriere ta yi jawabi kuma ta ba Toni Tipton-Martin kyautar Julia Child Award a Gidan Tarihi na Smithsonian National American History Museum . 

Tun daga shekarar 2022, ita ce shugabar kwamitin bayar da tallafin Tales of the Cocktail tare da Kitty Amann.  A shekarar 2022, Barriere ta kasance mai gwada kyaututtukan American Spirits Council of Tasters (ASCOT).   Ita ma memba ce a reshen Les Dames d'Escoffier Atlanta. 

Barriere ta yi aiki tare da kuma wakiltar kamfanoni da dama, ciki har da amma ba'a iyakance ga Bombay Sapphire, Cruzan Rum, da Four Roses ba.  An kuma nuna ta a cikin wallafe-wallafen salon rayuwa, kamar *Essence*, *Food &amp;amp; Wine*, *Southern Living*, *GO Magazine*, da *Imbible* .     

## Manazarta
Hadda Brooks

**Hadda Brooks** (an haife ta **Hattie L. Hapgood** Oktoba 29, 1916 - Nuwamba 21, 2002) 'yar Amurka ce mai buga piano, mawaƙa kuma mawaƙiya, wacce a wasu lokutan take fitowa tana buga piano a fim. An yi mata lakabi da "Sarauniyar Boogie",  an shigar da ita cikin Ɗakin Shahararrun Gidauniyar Rhythm and Blues a shekarar 1993. 

## Sana'a
Brooks ya zama mawaƙa a tsakiyar 1940s.   Jules Bihari of Modern Records ya ba ta sunan rikodin "Hadda Brooks". 

A shekarun 1970, ta yi tafiya zuwa Turai don yin wasanni a gidajen rawa da bukukuwa. Ba kasafai take yin wasa a Amurka ba, kuma ta ƙaura zuwa Ostiraliya. An saki *Sarauniyar Boogie*, wani tarin rikodin waƙoƙi daga shekarun 1940, a shekarar 1984. Shekaru biyu bayan haka manajanta Alan Eichler ya fitar da ita daga ritayar shekaru 16 kafin ta tafi yawon shakatawa.  Ta rera waƙa a bikin zama ɗan ƙasa na Hawaii a shekarar 1959, kuma an taɓa gayyatarta zuwa wani taron sirri tare da Paparoma Pius XII . 

Ta ci gaba da aikinta na rikodin tare da kundin waƙoƙin Anytime, Anyplace, Anywhere na DRG na 1994. Virgin Records ta sami tsohon kundin waƙoƙin Modern kuma, godiya ga sabon nasarar da Brooks ta samu, ta fitar da tarin waƙoƙinta na shekarun 1940 da 1950 mai taken That's My Desire .  Kamfanin ya sanya mata hannu don yin rikodin waƙoƙi uku don kundin waƙoƙin Kirsimeti Even Santa Gets the Blues, wanda ya zama abin mamaki saboda tana da fitowar waƙoƙi a kan wannan lakabin shekaru 50 baya. Time Was When (Virgin, 1996) ya haɗa da Al Viola (guitar), Eugene Wright (bass) da Richard Dodd (cello), kuma ta rubuta waƙoƙin guda biyu: "You Go Your Way and I'll Go Crazy" da "Mama's Blues". An gudanar da kade-kade a Michael's Pub da ke birnin New York, da kuma Vine St. Bar and Grill.

A shekarar 2007, an gabatar da wani shirin gaskiya na minti 72 game da rayuwar Brooks, *Queen of the Boogie*, wanda Austin Young da Barry Pett suka jagoranta, a bikin fina-finai na Los Angeles Silver Lake. 

## Na Kai
A shekarar 1940, Brooks ya auri Earl "Shug" Morrison, na Harlem Globetrotters, amma ya yi bazawara cikin shekara guda kuma bai sake yin aure ba. 

Brooks ya mutu yana da shekaru 86 a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta White Memorial da ke Los Angeles bayan an yi masa tiyatar zuciya. 

## Kundin Waƙoƙi

## Fim ɗin fim

## Manazarta
Shana M. Broussard

**Shana M. Broussard** lauya ce 'yar Amurka wadda ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar Hukumar Zaɓe ta Tarayya (FEC) a shekarar 2021. Ta kasance 'yar Democrat a FEC tun daga ranar 15 ga Disamba, 2020. 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Broussard a sansanin sojojin sama na Vandenberg da ke Santa Barbara, California, kuma ta girma a Louisiana .  Ta sami digirin farko na fasaha daga Jami'ar Dillard da kuma digirin Likita na Juris daga Cibiyar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Kudancin . 

## Sana'a
Broussard magatakarda ce a wata kotu da ke Shreveport, Louisiana, kuma daga baya ta yi aiki a kotun ɗaukaka ƙara ta jihar. Broussard ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Lauyan Gundumar New Orleans, sannan daga baya ta yi aiki a matsayin Mai Ba da Shawara kan Shari'a a Hukumar Haraji ta Cikin Gida da kuma Mataimakiyar Lauya a Hukumar Ladabtarwa ta Lauyoyi ta Louisiana. Ta yi aiki a matsayin lauya ga Kwamishinan FEC Steven T. Walther .

### Hukumar Zaɓe ta Tarayya
A ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 2020, Shugaba Donald Trump ya sanar da niyyarsa ta naɗa Broussard don ta zama Kwamishina a Hukumar Zaɓe ta Tarayya,  kwamishina baƙar fata ta farko a FEC,  da ta cike gurbin da Ann Ravel ta yi murabus a ranar 1 ga Maris, 2017. An aika da naɗinta ga Majalisar Dattawa a ranar 30 ga Oktoba, 2020,  kuma Majalisar Dattawa ta tabbatar da ita da ƙuri'ar 92-4 a ranar 9 ga Disamba, 2020.  An rantsar da ita a ranar 15 ga Disamba, 2020,   tare da wa'adinta na Kwamishina na FEC zai ƙare a ranar 30 ga Afrilu, 2023. A ranar 22 ga Disamba, 2020, an zaɓe ta shugabar shekara ta 2021.  A watan Mayun 2021, Broussard ya yi adawa da shawarar FEC na kin bin diddigin Donald Trump saboda zargin amfani da kudaden yakin neman zabe don boye kudaden da aka biya wa Stormy Daniels .  A watan Yunin 2023, Broussard ya kaɗa ƙuri'a a kan wata takarda da ke neman FEC ta samar da jagororin amfani da fasahar kere-kere a cikin tallace-tallacen yakin neman zabe. 

## Manazarta
Kayla Braxton

Kayla Becker (an haife ta a ranar 7 ga Yuni, 1991) ƙwararriyar mai watsa shirye-shiryen wasanni ce a Amurka. An fi saninta da lokacinta a WWE, inda ta yi aiki a matsayin mai yin tambayoyi a bayan fage a ƙarƙashin sunan ƙungiyar Kayla Braxton .

## Farko da rayuwar mutum
An haifi Becker a Wadley, Alabama, a ranar 7 ga Yuni, 1991. Tana da launin fata biyu.  Lokacin da take da shekaru tara, an tura mahaifiyarta gidan yari; daga baya ta girma a gidan renon yara. Tun tana matashiya, ta shiga gasar yin magana a bainar jama'a. Ta kammala karatun digiri a fannin aikin jarida na watsa shirye-shirye. A lokacin da take jami'a, ta fara ƙirƙirar abubuwan da ke cikin intanet kuma ta yi wasu shirye-shiryen nishaɗi na dijital don makarantarta da kuma kewayen Nashville, Tennessee . Watanni shida bayan ta kammala karatun, ta fara ɗaukar nauyin shirye-shiryen nishaɗin yanar gizo da talabijin a cikin manyan kasuwannin talabijin 20 a Orlando, Florida .  

A ranar 4 ga Maris, 2021, Kayla ta bayyana cewa tana da sha'awar maza da mata. 

## Sana'a

### WWE (2016–2024)
A watan Oktoban 2016, Becker ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar WWE ta ƙwararren mai fafutukar kokawa ta Amurka kuma an ba ta sunan zoben **Kayla Braxton** .  Ta fara fitowa a shirin *NXT* na ranar 20 ga Oktoba, 2016 da aka gudanar a Lakeland, Florida a matsayin mai masaukin baki da mai sanar da zoben.   Ta bayyana a farkon kallonta a matsayin mai yin tambayoyi a bayan fage a lokacin Backlash a ranar 21 ga Mayu, 2017, kuma ta biyo baya da fitowa a Battleground 2017, SummerSlam 2017, Hell in a Cell 2017, da ƙarin PPVs.   Yayin da take aiki a matsayin mai sanar da zoben a NXT, Braxton ta bayyana a *Raw*, *205 Live* da *SmackDown* inda za ta yi aiki a matsayin mai sanar da zoben da kuma mai yin tambayoyi a bayan fage. Ta bar NXT har abada a ranar 17 ga Afrilu, 2019, zuwa babban jerin 'yan wasa kuma Alicia Taylor ta maye gurbinta a mako mai zuwa.    Braxton ta kasance mai yin hira a bayan fage a *SmackDown* kuma mai gabatar da shirin *The Bump* . Tun daga ranar 22 ga Agusta, 2020, ta kasance mai gabatar da shirin *Talking Smack*, wanda a lokacin aka sake masa suna zuwa *SmackDown LowDown*, tare da Paul Heyman .   A ranar 22 ga Yuni, 2024, Braxton ta sanar da cewa za ta bar WWE bayan shirin *SmackDown* na ranar 28 ga Yuni.  A ranar 1 ga Yuli, an mayar da bayanin martabar Braxton a gidan yanar gizon WWE zuwa sashen tsofaffin ɗalibai. 

## Manazarta
Pamela Bridgewater

**Pamela E. Bridgewater** (an haife ta a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 1947) jami'ar diflomasiyya ce ta Amurka wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin jakadar Amurka a Jamaica .  

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Bridgewater a Fredericksburg, Virginia, 'yar mai sayar da banki da mai busa ƙaho ,  kuma ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Walker-Grant.  Tana da digiri biyu a Kimiyyar Siyasa, ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin fasaha daga Jami'ar Jihar Virginia a 1968, sannan ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin fasaha daga Jami'ar Cincinnati .  Da farko aikinta yana koyarwa ne, tana aiki a jami'o'in Maryland, Morgan State da Bowie State, da kuma Voorhees College da ke South Carolina, kafin ta shiga Hukumar Harkokin Waje ta Amurka a 1980.

Tsakanin 1980 da 1990 an naɗa ta Mataimakiyar Jakadan Ƙasa a Brussels, kuma Jami'ar Hulɗa da Jama'a/Jami'ar Siyasa a Kingston, Jamaica .  A Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje, Bridgewater ita ce jami'ar diflomasiyya mafi daɗewa a Afirka ta Kudu,  ta zama Jami'ar Siyasa a Pretoria daga 1990 zuwa 1993, kuma a matsayinta na mace 'yar Afirka ta farko da aka naɗa a matsayin Jakadan Ƙasa a Durban, daga 1993 zuwa 1996.    A nan ta yi aiki tare da Nelson Mandela a lokacin sauyin Afirka ta Kudu daga mulkin wariyar launin fata . 

Daga 1996 zuwa 1999, ta kasance Mataimakiyar Shugabar Ofishin Jakadanci a Nassau, Bahamas . Bridgewater ta kasance mamba kuma shugabar taron karawa juna sani na 42, shirin ci gaban ƙwararru mafi daraja na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, daga 1999 zuwa 2000, kafin ta yi aiki a matsayin Jakadan Amurka a Benin daga 24 ga Nuwamba, 2000 zuwa 10 ga Disamba, 2002.  Daga baya, an naɗa ta mataimakiyar sakatare ta Amurka kan Harkokin Afirka a watan Disamba na 2002, inda ta kula da dangantakar Ofishin Harkokin Afirka na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka da ƙasashe 16 a Yammacin Afirka .   Ta yi aiki a matsayin Diflomasiyya a Zama a Jami'ar Howard da ke Washington, DC, daga Satumba 2004 zuwa Mayu 2005.

Daga 11 ga Oktoba, 2005, zuwa 10 ga Yuni, 2008, Bridgewater ta kasance Jakadiyar Amurka a Ghana, kuma daga 3 ga Nuwamba, 2010, zuwa 25 ga Nuwamba, 2013, ta yi aiki a matsayin Jakadiyar Amurka a Jamaica .

Bridgewaster ta auri Rev Dr. A. Russell Awkard, fasto na Cocin New Zion Baptist, Louisville, Kentucky.

## Ganewa

* Kyaututtukan Girmamawa na Ma'aikatar Jiha (3) 
* Kyautar Bada Gudummawa ga Shugaban Ƙasa 
* digirin girmamawa na shari'a daga Jami'ar Jihar Virginia a shekarar 1997
* Dokar ƙasa ta Benin a shekarar 2002
* Kyautar Charles E. Cobb Jr. don Tsarin Aiki da Nasara a Ci gaban Kasuwanci a 2002
* Kyautar Shugabanni Masu Ƙarfi ta Dominion Resources 2004 
* Digirin girmamawa na shari'a daga Jami'ar Cincinnati a shekarar 2006 
* digirin girmamawa daga Jami'ar Mary Washington a shekarar 2015

## Manazarta
Rainey R. Brandt

**Rainey Ransom Brandt** (an haife ta a ranar 12 ga Maris, 1966) alkali ne mai taimaka wa alkalin Kotun Gundumar Columbia .  

## Ilimi
Brandt ta sami digirinta na farko a fannin fasaha, digiri na biyu a fannin kimiyya, da digirin digirgir a fannin falsafa daga Jami'ar Amurka . Ta sami digirinta na farko a fannin shari'a daga Makarantar Kolin Shari'a ta Columbus a Jami'ar Katolika ta Amurka a shekarar 1995. 

A shekarar 1996, ta yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin shari'a ga Alkali Michael Rankin sannan daga baya ta zama Alkali Stephanie Duncan-Peters. 

## Aikin ilimi
Kafin ta zama alkali, Brandt farfesa ce a Sashen Shari'a, Shari'a, da Nazarin Laifuka a Jami'ar Amurka. Ta ci gaba da aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar farfesa a Jami'ar Amurka, inda fannoni na bincikenta suka haɗa da tsarin gidajen yari da kuma shari'ar laifuka. Rubutun Brandt ya ta'allaka ne kan tasirin ɗaurin kurkuku kan dangantakar uba da ɗa.

## Kotun Koli ta DC
A ranar 7 ga Nuwamba, 2012, an rantsar da Brandt a matsayin Alkalin Kotun Koli ta Gundumar Columbia . 

A ranar 21 ga Maris, 2012, Shugaba Barack Obama ya naɗa Brandt a kujerar da Alkali Joan Z. McAvoy ta bari wadda ta yi ritaya; an mayar da wannan naɗin a ranar 3 ga Janairu, 2013.  An sake naɗa ta a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, 2016, zuwa kujerar da Alkali Lee F. Satterfield ya bari; an mayar da wannan naɗin a ranar 3 ga Janairu, 2017. 

Shugaba Donald Trump ya zaɓe ta a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2017, a kotun da ta rage mata kujera da Judith N. Macaluso ta bari. Nadin nata ya ƙare a ranar 4 ga Janairu, 2019.  A ranar 11 ga Maris, 2019, Shugaba Trump ya sake naɗa Brandt a wannan kujera a kotun. Majalisar Dattawa ta tabbatar da naɗa ta a ranar 1 ga Agusta, 2019, ta hanyar ƙuri'ar amincewa .  An rantsar da ita a ranar 16 ga Satumba, 2019.  An gudanar da bikin naɗa ta a hukumance a ranar 10 ga Janairu, 2020. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Brandt tana zaune a Washington, DC, tare da mijinta Robert W. Brandt, babban jami'in rundunar sojojin ruwa ta Amurka . 

## Manazarta
Lina Bradford

**Lina Bradford**, wacce aka fi sani da **DJ Lina** (wanda a da aka fi sani da **Girlina** ), 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka, mai rawa, kuma 'yar wasan kwaikwayo. Bradford ta kasance memba a fagen wasan kwaikwayo na New York Club Kids na shekarun 1990 kuma ta fara yin DJ a 1997. Ta fito a fina-finai, ciki har da *Wigstock: The Movie* and , wanda ta sami karbuwa sosai. Tana gabatar da wani shiri na hira ta yanar gizo mai taken *In the Dollhouse with Lina* .  

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Bradford kuma ta girma a Upper West Side na Manhattan, a gefen titi daga Carnegie Hall, inda kakarta ta yi wasa a matsayin mawaƙin opera. Ta fara darussan rawa na ƙwararru tun tana da shekaru 11 kuma ta yi wasa a kamfanonin rawa da dama.  Iyalinta sun karɓi asalinta na trans tun tana ƙarama. 

Ana kiran Bradford da trans, amma ta ce a wata hira da ta yi da *Out* a shekarar 2019 cewa ba ta amfani da lakabi.  Ta ce "Na girma ne kawai da lakabin da ke bayana. Ba na son jin iyaka idan wani ya buga min lakabi a matsayin mutum." 

## Sana'a

### Yaron kulob na ƙarƙashin ƙasa
Bradford ta kasance memba mai himma a cikin ƙungiyar 'yan luwaɗi ta ƙarƙashin ƙasa a birnin New York tun farkon shekarun 1990 (wanda aka sani da " yar wasan kulob "), inda ta kasance mai rawa kuma mai wasan kwaikwayo da aka sani da Girlina.  Ta sami karɓuwa sosai lokacin da ta fito a cikin fim ɗin *Wigstock* a 1994 tare da Candis Cayne, wacce ta san tun tana ƙarama. 

Ta fara yin DJ a watan Afrilun 1997.   DJs TPRO, Frankie Knuckles, Carlos Pertrus, Larry Levan, Junior Vasquez da Steve Travolta sun ƙarfafa ta ta fara DJing, kuma ta yi amfani da saitin farko a Club Life da yanzu aka rufe.  Yawancin lokutan DJ ɗinta na farko sun faru ne a East Village na Manhattan. 

Ta kuma yi rawar gani a fina-finan *Always Something Better* da  . 

### Aiki daga baya
Bradford ta fara zama a Fire Island Pines na tsawon shekaru 10 a shekarar 2005, inda ta yi wa masu halarta wasannin kwaikwayo na yau da kullun a matsayin DJ Lina.  Ta fara gudanar da zaman taron na yau da kullun, mai taken Lina's Lounge, na tsawon shekaru biyu sannan ta dauki nauyin wani taron wasannin kwaikwayo na yau da kullun, mai taken Twirlina, na tsawon shekaru takwas da suka biyo baya.

Bradford DJs a ƙungiyoyi daban-daban a New York kuma ta shahara a ƙasashen Turai, ciki har da Paris, Sardinia, da Saint-Tropez.  Dangane da salon wasanta, ta lura cewa ba ta taɓa zaɓar jerin waƙoƙi a gaba ba kuma tana ƙoƙarin biyan buƙatun masu sauraro da kuma "kai su yawon shakatawa." 

Ita ce ta yi magana a shirin *Linish* (2019), wani gajeren fim na shirin gaskiya wanda Manu Rodriguez ya jagoranta, wanda aka fara nunawa a Phluid Project NYC. 

Bradford tana shiga cikin ayyukan kare LGBTQ . Ita jakadiya ce ta duniya a Cibiyar Hetrick-Martin, wata ƙungiya da ke tallafawa matasan LGBTQ. 

## Accolades

* Kyautar Nasarar Rayuwa ta Glammys 
* 2019 – Tambarin Tambari, Tambari30 

## Manazarta
Fim din Fifty

***Fifty*** fim ne na soyayya na Najeriya da aka yi a shekarar 2015, wanda Biyi Bandele ya ba da umarni kuma aka fitar a ranar 18 ga Disamban shekarar 2015. 

## Labari
Hamsin ya nuna wasu muhimman kwanaki na mata huɗu da suka yi fice a aikinsu. Tola, Elizabeth, Maria, da Kate abokai ne huɗu da aka tilasta musu a tsakiyar rayuwa su yi nazarin rayuwarsu ta sirri yayin da suke haɗa aiki da iyalinsu a kan yanayin unguwannin Legas .

Tola tauraruwar talabijin ce ta gaske wacce aurenta da lauya Kunle bai taɓa samun nasara ba saboda wani sirrin iyali.  Elizabeth wata fitacciyar likita ce mai kula da haihuwa wadda sha'awarta ga samari ya raba ta da 'yarta. Maria, mai shekaru arba'in da tara, tana da alaƙa da wani mutum mai aure wanda ya haifar da ciki ba zato ba tsammani, kuma yaƙin Kate da wata cuta mai barazana ga rayuwa ya sanya ta cikin sha'awar addini.

## Ƴan wasan kwaikwayo

## Manyan ƴan wasan kwaikwayo

* Ireti Doyle a matsayin Elizabeth, wacce likita ce mai kula da haihuwa wadda sha'awarta ga samari ya haifar da matsala ga dangantakarta da 'yarta. 
* Dakore Akande a matsayin Tola, wanda tauraron talabijin ne na gaskiya wanda aurensa da lauya Kunle bai taɓa samun nasara ba saboda wani sirrin iyali. 
* Omoni Oboli a matsayin Maria wacce mace ce mai shekaru arba'in da tara wacce ta yi lalata da wani mutum mai aure wanda hakan ya haifar da ciki ba zato ba tsammani 
* Nse Ikpe-Etim a matsayin Kate wacce ke fama da wata cuta mai barazana ga rayuwa wadda ta jefa ta cikin sha'awar addini 
* Wale Ojo a matsayin Kunle 
* Kachi Nnochiri a matsayin Chike 
* Emmanuel Ikubese a matsayin Sammy 
* Kemi 'Lala' Akindoju as Chi Chi 
* Timini Egbuson a matsayin Jamal 
* Uzor Osimpa a matsayin Sade 

## Taurarin baƙi

* Sarki Sunny Adé a matsayinsa 
* Femi Kuti a matsayinsa 
* Nneka a matsayinta 
* Tiwa Savage a matsayinta 
* Waje a matsayinta 

## Samarwa
Shugaban kamfanin Ebony Life TV, Mo Abudu ne ya shirya fim ɗin.  Biyi Bandele ne ya bada umarni. 

## Fitowa
*Fifty* ta fara nuna fim ɗinta a Landan a watan Oktoban 2015, wanda ya ƙare cikin kwana huɗu, kuma an gudanar da wani shirin nuna fim na sirri a Legas a wannan watan. An gudanar da Babban Fim ɗin a ranar Lahadi, 13 ga Disamban shekarar 2015, a Otal ɗin Eko da Suites .  An fitar da fim ɗin zuwa gidajen sinima a ranar 18 ga Disamba, 2015. 

## Karɓar girmamawa mai mahimmanci
An gamu da sharhi iri-iri game da fim ɗin. Nollywood Reinvented ta ba fim ɗin maki 52% kuma ta nuna rashin abubuwan da ke ciki da zurfinsa. 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* 
* 
* "EN: Exclusive Interview With Director Biyi Bandele, Cast & Crew Of Movie 'Fifty' 19/12/15", Channels Television, 19 December 2015.
Ruby Chappelle Boyd

**Ruby Chappelle Boyd** (Maris 18, 1919 - Oktoba 25, 2024) ita ce ma'aikaciyar laburare ta farko 'yar asalin Afirka a birnin Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Ta kuma yi aiki don adana tarihin Cocin Episcopal na Afirka .

## Rayuwar farko da aiki a ɗakunan karatu
An haifi Ruby Chappelle a Philadelphia a ranar 18 ga Maris, 1919.  Iyayenta, Bersie da Pearl Chappelle, sun ƙaura zuwa Philadelphia daga South Carolina a lokacin Babban Hijira .  Bayan ta girma a Philadelphia, Boyd ta nemi aiki a matsayin mai kula da laburare kuma ta nemi shiga Cibiyar Drexel, amma an hana ta shiga saboda launin fatarta. 

Boyd ta kammala karatunta a Jami'ar Wilberforce kuma ta halarci Makarantar Laburare ta Jami'ar Atlanta, inda ta sami digirinta na farko a fannin Kimiyya da Sabis na Laburare a shekarar 1943.  Yayin da take makaranta a Atlanta, shugaban makarantar firamare ta Philadelphia , John Henry Brodhead, ya yi yaƙi da wariya a gwamnatin birnin, kuma a shekarar 1943, Laburare Mai Kyau na Philadelphia ya yi tallan ɗaukar ma'aikacin laburare na farko ɗan Afirka-Amurka.  Bayan dawowar Boyd zuwa Philadelphia, ta nemi wannan matsayi, aka naɗa ta a matsayin baƙar fata ta farko a cikin ɗakin laburare na birnin.  Daga baya ta zama baƙar fata ta farko a ɗakin laburare a Gundumar Makaranta ta Philadelphia . 

A shekarar 1966, a matsayinta na shugabar ƙungiyar masu kula da dakunan karatu ta makarantar Philadelphia, ta jagoranci shirya taron mataimakan ɗaliban ɗakin karatu na makarantar. 

## Aiki ga Cocin AME
Kakan Boyd na wajen uwa mai wa'azi ne a Cocin AME kuma mahaifiyarta ta yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da makarantar Lahadi a Mother Bethel, wurin haihuwar Cocin Episcopal na Afirka; Boyd ta kasance memba na wannan cocin tsawon rai. Bayan ta yi ritaya daga gundumar makarantar Philadelphia, ta sadaukar da aikinta ga adana tarihin Mother Bethel, tare da haɓaka gidan tarihi na Cocin.

A shekarar 1982, Boyd ya gyara wani littafi game da Cocin Uwar Bethel mai suna *On this rock. : uwar tsarin Methodist na Afirka* . 

## Rayuwar mutum da mutuwa
Chappelle ta auri James T. Boyd, shugaban makaranta, kuma tana da 'ya mace ɗaya.   Chappelle Boyd har yanzu tana zaune a Philadelphia har zuwa shekarar 2018.  Ta cika shekara 100 a watan Maris na 2019, kuma Zeta Phi Beta Sorority ta karrama ta a watan Agusta na 2024.  Boyd ya mutu a ranar 25 ga Oktoba, 2024, yana da shekaru 105. 

## Manazarta