open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Adolphe Rabinovitch

**Adolphe Rabinovitch** (27 Mayu 1918 - 1944), wanda aka fi sani da **Alec Rabinovitch**, ya kasance Babban Jami'in Ayyuka na Musamman a Faransa a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu . Ya tashi zuwa matsayin kyaftin.

## Rayuwa
An haife shi a cikin iyalin Yahudawa a Rasha kuma ya girma a Misira, ya yi karatu a Paris kuma ya zauna a Amurka kafin barkewar yaƙin. Ya kasance ƙaramin gwagwarmaya da zakara na dambe a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, kuma an bayyana shi a matsayin "babban mutum".

A shekara ta 1939 ya ba da kansa a cikin rundunar kasashen waje ta Faransa. Jamusawa sun kama shi a watan Yunin 1940 amma ya tsere bayan watanni uku. Daga nan sai ya tsere zuwa Burtaniya ta hanyar Spain kuma ya zama wakilin SOE. Wani mai koyarwa ya bayyana Rabinovitch a matsayin mai jayayya da rashin jin daɗi, "mahimmanci".

An fara saukar da shi zuwa Faransa a ranar 27/28 ga watan Agusta 1942 a arewacin Grenoble. An sauke shi a wurin da bai dace ba  kuma ya zama mai aiki da rediyo na cibiyar sadarwa ta SPINDLE (sunan sirri "Arnaud"), tare da Peter Churchill da Odette Sansom, kuma ya sami nasarar kauce wa kamawa lokacin da wannan cibiyar sadarwa take rushewa. Tare da Victor Hazan (sunan sirri "Gervais"), ya dawo cikin hulɗa tare da lambobin sadarwa a kusa da Annecy da kuma a kan Côte d'Azur kafin ya koma Ingila ta hanyar Spain. A can ya zama mataimakin Jean de Lattre de Tassigny kafin a sake shi zuwa Faransa a daren 2/3 Maris 1944 tare da Roméo Sabourin . Umurninsa shine ya kafa da kuma umurni da cibiyar sadarwa ta BARGEE, amma wurin saukowa yana ƙarƙashin ikon Jamus kuma an ji masa rauni kuma an kama shi yayin da ya sauka. Saboda shi Bayahude ne, an kore shi zuwa sansanin Gross-Rosen a Poland, inda aka kashe shi.

Peter Churchill ya sadaukar da littafinsa *Duel na Wits* ga " ƙaunatacciyata Arnaud, marigayi Kyaftin Alec Rabinovitch, mai tashin hankali, mai wahala, mai sadaukarwa da jaruntaka mai aiki da rediyo, kuma ta hanyarsa ga duk maza da mata 'na karkashin kasa' na mafi girman girman girmansa waɗanda suka mutu, yayin da suke rayuwa, a cikin kaɗaici. Ayyukansu almara ne kuma fiye da duk kyaututtuka na soja.

## Sanarwa

* UK: Mentioned in Despatches.
* France : Croix de guerre 1939–1945 with Étoile de Vermeil.&#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Manazarta
The Daily Standard (Brisbane)

***Jaridar Daily Standard*** jarida ce da aka buga a Brisbane, Queensland, Ostiraliya daga 1912 zuwa 1936. Jaridar tana da alaƙa da Jam'iyyar Labour ta Ostiraliya (Reshen Queensland) . 

An buga jaridar tun daga bugunta na farko a ranar Talata 10 ga Disamba 1912 har zuwa bugunta na 7322 a ranar Talata 7 ga Yuli 1936. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan magoya bayanta shi ne Richard Sumner wanda ya tallata kuma ya sanya kadarorinsa a matsayin garantin kuɗi. Sumner ya kasance memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na tsawon shekaru da yawa kuma shugabanta na tsawon shekaru da yawa. [1]

Editocin jaridar *Daily Standard* sun haɗa da:

* Walter Russell Crampton

Masu ba da gudummawa ga *Jaridar Daily Standard* sun haɗa da:

* Walter Russell Crampton, wani lokacin a ƙarƙashin sunan Jack Aster
* Henry Tardent, editan aikin gona 1913–1929 

## Canzawa ta hanyar dijital
An mayar da wannan takarda ta hanyar dijital a matsayin wani ɓangare na Shirin Dijital na Jaridun Australiya na Laburaren Ƙasa na Australiya .  

## Manazarta
Labaran yau da kullun (Perth, Yammacin Ostiraliya)

***Jaridar Daily News***, wacce a tarihi ta kasance magajin *The Inquirer* da *The Inquirer da Commercial News*, jarida ce ta Turanci da ake bugawa a kowace rana a Perth, Yammacin Ostiraliya, daga 1882 zuwa 1990,  kodayake ana iya gano asalinta daga 1840.

## Tarihi

Ɗaya daga cikin jaridun farko na mulkin mallaka na Yammacin Ostiraliya ita ce *The Inquirer*, wanda Francis Lochee da William Tanner suka kafa a ranar 5 ga Agusta 1840. Lochee ya zama mai shi kaɗai kuma edita a 1843 har zuwa Mayu 1847 lokacin da ya sayar da aikin ga tsohon mawallafin jaridar Edmund Stirling.

A watan Yulin 1855, The Inquirer ta haɗu da Jaridar Kasuwanci da Shipping Gazette da aka kafa kwanan nan, mallakar Robert John Sholl, a matsayin The Inquirer & Commercial News . Ta yi aiki ƙarƙashin haɗin gwiwar Stirling da Sholl. Sholl ya bar aiki, kuma daga watan Afrilun 1873, Stirling da 'ya'yansa maza uku suka buga jaridar, suna cinikin Stirling & Sons. Edmund Stirling ya yi ritaya shekaru biyar bayan haka kuma 'ya'yansa maza uku suka karɓi ragamar kamfanin Stirling Bros and Co, Ltd.

Stirling Bros ya ƙaddamar da *Daily News* a ranar 26 ga Yuli 1882.  Bayan 28 ga Yuni 1901, an haɗa *The Inquirer & Commercial News* cikin *Daily News* . 

## 1980–1990
Gasar da ake yi a talabijin ta yamma ta haifar da asarar watsawa da kuma dakatar da yawancin jaridun rana a Ostiraliya. *Jaridar Daily News* ta zama reshen West Australian Newspapers (WAN), wacce a da ita reshe ce ta ƙungiyar Herald da Weekly Times da ke Melbourne. A ƙarshen shekarun 1980, reshen Bell Group na Bond Corporation ya mallaki WAN.

## Cikakkun bayanai game da wallafe-wallafe
An buga Jaridar *Daily News* daga 26 ga Yuli 1882 zuwa 11 ga Satumba 1990. Jaridar ta haɗa da Jaridar *Morning Herald* daga 6 ga Yuli 1886 da kuma Jaridar *Inquirer da Commercial News* daga 28 ga Yuni 1901.

An buga wani bugu na Asabar daga 6 ga Agusta 1960 zuwa 29 ga Maris 1986, mai taken *Labaran Ƙarshe.* Daga 19 ga Fabrairu 1966 zuwa 3 ga Afrilu 1971 akwai ƙarin ƙarin launi na Asabar, mai taken *Mujallar Ƙarshe.*

## Samuwa
An mayar da fitowar wannan jaridar ta hanyar dijital a matsayin wani ɓangare na Shirin Dijital na Jaridun Australiya,  wani aiki na Laburaren Ƙasa na Australiya tare da haɗin gwiwar Laburaren Jiha na Yammacin Ostiraliya .

Ana kuma samun kwafin takardu da ƙananan takardu na Daily News a ɗakin karatu na jihar Western Australia. 

## Manazarta
Samah Ramadan

**Samah Ramadan'' Mohamed** (kuma Samah Ramadan, Larabci; an haife ta a ranar 16 ga Afrilu, 1978, a Alkahira) 'yar wasan judoka ce ta Masar, wacce ta taka leda a rukunin mata masu nauyi. Ta kasance 'yar wasan Olympics sau biyu, kuma ta lashe lambar yabo sau biyar a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta Judo . Ta kuma kayar da Adijat Ayuba ta Najeriya don lambar zinare a cikin aji na 78 kg a Wasannin Afirka na 2007 a Algiers, Algeria.&nbsp;

Ramadan ta fara bugawa gasar Olympics ta 2004 a Athens, inda ta rasa wasan farko na mata masu nauyi (+78 kg), ta hanyar Ippon da Soto makikomi (a waje), ga Tea Donguzashvili na Rasha. Ramadan daga baya ta cancanci zagaye na maimaitawa, amma Choi Sook-Ie na Koriya ta Kudu ta doke ta a wasan farko.&nbsp;

A Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2008 a Beijing, Ramadan ta yi gasa a karo na biyu a cikin rukunin mata na +78 kg. Ta sami gaisuwa don zagaye na biyu na farko, kafin ta sake rasa a wannan lokacin ga Idalys Ortiz na Cuba ta hanyar ippon da seoi nage (kafarka).  Saboda abokin hamayyarta ya ci gaba zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe, Ramadan ta ba da wata lambar tagulla ta hanyar kayar da Janelle Shepherd ta Australia a zagaye na maimaitawa. Ta gama ne kawai a matsayi na bakwai, bayan da ta rasa wasan karshe na sakewa ga wani dan wasan judoka na Koriya ta Kudu Kim Na-Young, wanda ya samu nasarar zira kwallaye na waza-ari-awasete-ippon (cikakken maki biyu), da kesa-gatame (karin riƙewa), a minti uku da talatin.

## manazarta
Daily Telegraph da Arewacin Murchison da Pilbarra Gazette

***Jaridar Daily Telegraph da North Murchison da Pilbarra Gazette***, wadda kuma aka buga a matsayin ***Meekatharra Miner*** da ***Daily Telegraph da North Murchison Gazette***, jarida ce ta Turanci da ake bugawa duk mako a Meekatharra, Yammacin Ostiraliya . An rarraba ta zuwa yankunan Meekatharra, Nannine, Cue, Geraldton, da yankunan Murchison da Pilbara .

## Tarihi
An buga Meekatharra Miner daga 7 ga Agusta 1909 zuwa 6 ga Yuli 1918, ta Daniel James Colgan. Jaridar Daily Telegraph da North Murchison Gazette ne suka ci gaba da wallafa shi, wanda ya fara daga 8 ga Yuli 1918 zuwa 18 ga Maris 1920. An buga shi kuma an buga shi ga Kamfanin Telegraph Printing and Publishing Co. Ltd, ta Stephen Thorne Upham. [1]

An buga ƙarin shafi ɗaya na yau da kullun tsakanin 2 ga Janairu 1920 da 24 ga Satumba 1921.

A cikin fitowar ƙarshe ta *jaridar Daily Telegraph da North Murchison da Pilbarra Gazette,* an sami ƙaramin sanarwa ga masu karatu cewa za a dakatar da jaridar daga wannan ranar, yana mai ambaton dalilin rufewar a matsayin ƙarancin ma'aikata da kuma rashin iya siyan kayan gyara. 

## Samuwa
An mayar da mujallun *Meekatharra Miner* (1909-1918), *Daily Telegraph da North Murchison Gazette* (1918-1920), da kuma *Daily Telegraph da North Murchison da Pilbarra Gazette* (1920-1947) zuwa tsarin dijital a matsayin wani ɓangare na Shirin Digitization na Jaridun Australiya,  wani aiki na Laburaren Ƙasa na Australiya tare da haɗin gwiwar Laburaren Jiha na Yammacin Ostiraliya .

An buga ƙarin magani na yau da kullun tsakanin 2 ga Janairu 1920 da 24 ga Satumba 1921.

Kwafin takardu da ƙananan takardu na *Meekatharra Miner*,   *Daily Telegraph da North Murchison Gazette*,   da *Daily Telegraph da North Murchison da Pilbarra Gazette*   suma ana samun su a ɗakin karatu na jihar Western Australia.

## Manazarta
Mai ba da shawara na Daylesford

Jaridar ***Daylesford Advocate*** wata jarida ce ta Victoria da aka fara bugawa a shekarar 1878 a matsayin *Jaridar Daylesford Advocate da kuma Hepburn Glenlyon da Blanket Flat Chronicle* . 

## Tarihi
Wani sabon salon rayuwa da aka fara, Daylesford Advocate da Hepburn Courier, James Shelton Brocklehurst ne ya buga shi a takaice a watan Afrilun 1859, amma ya rufe a watan Disamba na 1860 saboda gasar da sabuwar ƙungiyar The Daylesford Express da Hepburn Advertiser suka yi. [1] Kamar yadda yake a garuruwan ƙauye da yawa, gasa da kuma shan kambun da suka fi rauni ta hanyar kambun da suka fi ƙarfi sun sa ƙungiyar Advocate of the Mercury & Express (1880) da Herald (1909) suka haɗa shi.

Jaridar ta daina buga jaridar ba tare da wani bayani ba a watan Maris na 2020 sakamakon annobar COVID-19 .

## Canzawa ta hanyar dijital
An mayar da wannan jaridar ta hanyar dijital a matsayin wani ɓangare na Shirin Digitization na Jaridu na Australiya .  

## Manazarta
Ibrahim Ramadan

**Ibrahim Ramadan Ibrahim Abdelbaki** (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1988 a Fayyum, Misira) ɗan wasan motsa jiki ne na Masar wanda ke fafatawa a rukunin kilo 77.  Ya kasance na biyar a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 tare da tsabta da ja na 192 kg, da kuma ƙwace 155 kg, yana ba da jimlar 347 kg. Ya gama a matsayi na 9 a cikin wannan rukuni a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016, tare da ƙwaƙwalwar 152 kg da tsabta da ja na 196 kg, yana ba da jimlar 338 kg.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

## Manazarta
Dalby Herald

***Jaridar Dalby Herald*** jarida ce ta yanar gizo da ake bugawa a Dalby, Queensland, Ostiraliya.

## Tarihi
An buga jaridar tun daga shekarar 1865. 

Tare da sauran jaridun yankin Australiya da dama mallakar NewsCorp, jaridar ta daina buga bugu a watan Yunin 2020 kuma ta zama jarida ta yanar gizo kawai daga ranar 26 ga Yunin 2020. [1]

## Canzawa ta hanyar dijital
An tsara fitowar daga 1910 zuwa 1954 ta hanyar dijital kuma ana samun su ta hanyar Trove . 

## Manazarta
Dayboro Times da Moreton Mail

***Jaridar Dayboro Times da Moreton Mail*** ta kasance jaridar Turanci ta mako-mako da ake bugawa a Dayboro, Queensland, Ostiraliya . 

## Tarihi
An kafa *Moreton Mail* a shekarar 1886 a Brisbane ta hannun Charles Gill. A shekarar 1937, *Dayboro Times* ta haɗu da *Moreton Mail* don kafa *Dayboro Times da Moreton Mail.* 

*Jaridar Dayboro Times da Moreton Mail* waɗanda suka haɗa da *North Coast Star*, jaridar Turanci ce ta mako-mako da William M. Cook, Dayboro, Queensland, Ostiraliya ke bugawa kuma aka kafa ta a 1888. 

A shekarar 1937 ta sami karbuwa a yankunan Pine, Caboolture, Kilcoy, Landsborough, Maroochy, Noosa, Widgee da kuma birnin Gympie . [1] Fitowar da suka gabata ta sami karbuwa a Bald Hills, Strathpine, Lawnton, Petrie, Dayboro, Mt Mee, Caboolture, Woodford, Samsonvale da Camp Mountain . [2] Tun daga ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 1945, an buga kuma an buga jaridar ta: Publication Printers, 41 Bowen Street, Brisbane, don Proprietor, WM Cook, Newmarket St., Hendra. [3] Fitowar da suka gabata sun buga: Nundah, Qld. : Jaridun Express kuma ana buga su kowane wata daga 1961. An daina buga su a watan Fabrairun 1981. [3]

## Canzawa ta hanyar dijital
An mayar da wannan takarda ta hanyar dijital a matsayin wani ɓangare na Shirin Dijital na Jaridun Australiya na Laburaren Ƙasa na Australiya tare da tallafi daga Laburaren Jiha na Queensland da Majalisar Yankin Moreton Bay .

## Duba kuma

* Jerin jaridu a Ostiraliya

## Manazarta
Aiki kai tsaye (jarida)

***Direct Action*** jarida ce da aka buga a harshen Turanci a Sydney, New South Wales, Ostiraliya. An buga ta a cikin tsarin jaridu .

## Tarihi
An buga fitowar farko ta takardar a ranar 31 ga Janairu 1914 ta Ma'aikatan Masana'antu na Duniya, Gwamnatin Ostiraliya. Mujalla ce ta wata-wata da ta shafi gurguzu da kuma haɗin kan masana'antu . [1]

## Tsarin dijital
An mayar da nau'ikan takardar daban-daban ta hanyar dijital a matsayin wani ɓangare na Shirin Dijital na Jaridun Australiya,  wani aiki da Laburaren Ƙasa na Australiya suka shirya. 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin jaridu a New South Wales
* Jerin jaridu a Ostiraliya

## Manazarta
Jam'iyyar Democrat

Jaridar ***Democrat*** jarida ce ta Turanci da ake bugawa duk mako a Lithgow, New South Wales, Ostiraliya .

## Tarihi
An fara buga kuma an buga shi a ranar 5 ga Yuni 1915 ta hannun Rudolph Schulstad ga Kamfanin Bugawa na Doogood . An buga shi daga 1915 - 1916. [1] An yaɗa wannan takarda a Lithgow, Portland, Blackheath, Wallerawang, Oberon, Mount Victoria, Hartley Valley, Wolgan, Excelsior, Rydal, Sodwalls, Tarana, Piper's Flat, Cullen Bullen, da sauran garuruwa a New South Wales, Ostiraliya.

## Canzawa ta hanyar dijital
An mayar da wannan takarda ta hanyar dijital a matsayin wani ɓangare na Shirin Dijital na Jaridun Australiya na Laburaren Ƙasa na Australiya . 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin jaridu a Ostiraliya
* Jerin jaridu a New South Wales

## Manazarta
Batutuwan muhalli a Turkiyya

Turkiyya ta dauki bakuncin nau'ikan shuke-shuke sama da dubu uku, tana da bambancin wasu nau'ikan, kuma galibi an rufe ta da uku daga cikin wurare masu yawa na duniya. Kodayake wasu matsin muhalli an raba su daga ci gCi gaban tattalin arziki har yanzu yana fuskantar barazanar da yawa, kamar kwalkwal fetur na dizal da ke fitafitar da iskar gas iska.  iyaka mai kyau kuma ana tallafawa kwalkwal a Turkiyya suna cewa ƙasar wuri ne na gurɓata.

## Tambayoyi

### Kare halittu masu yawa
Dabbobi na Turkiyya sun bambanta, saboda yawancin wuraren zama da matsayi na musamman tsakanin nahiyoyi uku da teku uku. "Ayyukan ci gaban da aka yi la'akari da su suna barazana ga bambancin halittu, amma sabon hanyar namun daji yana ba da bege don ci gaba da kiyayewa. "  dazuzzukan tsaunuka na Turkiyya suna fuskantar manyan barazanar ga bambancin kwayoyin da ke da alaƙa da yawan amfani, raguwar gandun daji, gurɓata iska, da canjin yanayi na duniya.  Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Turai ta gano yankuna uku na biogeographic a Turkiyya, Black Sea, Bahar Rum da yankunan Anatolian, waɗanda ya kamata a kare su a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar Berne kan Kula da namun daji da wuraren zama na Turai, wanda Turkiyya ta sanya hannu.

### Rashin gurɓata iska
Rashin gurɓata iska yana da mahimmanci a cikin birane; matsalar tana da tsanani musamman a Istanbul,  Ankara, Erzurum, da Bursa, inda konewar man fetur ke kara yawan ƙwayoyin a cikin hunturu. Kusan dukkanin mutanen birane suna fuskantar iskar iskar kwayar cuta fiye da iyakokin EU da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya. Musamman a Istanbul, karuwar mallakar mota tana haifar da yanayin hayaki na birane akai-akai. "Rashin gurɓata iska a cikin birane, sau da yawa ya haifar da sufuri, da kuma amfani da ƙananan ƙonewa na itace ko kwal, yana da alaƙa da kewayon matsalolin kiwon lafiya. " Matakan PM10 suna da micrograms 36.7 a kowace cubic mita, sun fi girma fiye da matsakaicin OECD na micrograms 20.9 a kowace cubian mita, da kuma iyakar jagora ta shekara-shekara ta 20 micrograms a kowace cuvic mita da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta kafa. " Kodayake akwai wasu sa ido kan gurɓataccen iska idan aka kwatanta da sauran ƙasashen Turai, ba su da yawa ba su da alamun gurɓata. Dokoki a Turkiyya ba su ƙunshe da wani ƙuntatawa akan gurɓataccen PM 2.5, wanda ke haifar da cututtukan huhu. Greenpeace Mediterranean ta yi iƙirarin cewa tashar wutar lantarki ta Afşin-Elbistan ita ce tashar wutar wutar lantarki da ke da haɗarin kiwon lafiya mafi girma a Turai, sannan kuma tashar wutar wuta ta Soma, kuma a Turkiyya.

## Manazarta
Gidajen Aljanna na Altgeld

**Altgeld Gardens Homes** wani aikin gidaje ne na jama'a na Chicago Housing Authority (CHA) a gefen kudu na Chicago, Illinois, Amurka, a kan iyakar Chicago da . Dangane da Ƙididdigar Amurka ta 2000, kashi 97% na mazauna 'yan Afirka ne. An gina shi tsakanin 1944 da 1945 tare da raka'a 1,498, ci gaban ya kunshi gidaje masu hawa biyu da suka shimfiɗa sama da kadada 190 (0.77 ).

## Tarihi
Ma'aikatar Gidaje da Ci gaban Birane ce ta gina lambunan Altgeld don biyan bukatun inganta gidaje ga tsoffin sojan Afirka na Amurka da suka dawo daga yakin duniya na biyu. A shekara ta 1956, an canja aikin zuwa Hukumar Kula da Gidajen Chicago. Da yake a cikin wani yanki na masana'antu a gefen Kudancin Chicago, an sanya sunan Altgeld ne bayan John Peter Altgeld, gwamnan Illinois a cikin shekarun 1890. A matsayin daya daga cikin ci gaban gidaje na jama'a na farko da aka gina a Amurka, ya cancanci a jera shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places.

### Donut mai guba
An ba da sunan Altgeld Gardens da sunan 'donut mai guba' na Chicago saboda samun mafi yawan wuraren sharar gida masu haɗari a Amurka. Akwai wuraren zubar da shara 50 da wuraren masana'antu 382 da ke kewaye da yankin, gami da masana'antar Acme Steel da masana'anta ta Pullman, tare da yawancin shafuka marasa tsari. Har ila yau, akwai tankuna 250 da ke ɓoyewa a ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Shafukan sun kewaye koguna da tabkuna, suna sa ingancin ruwa ya zama guba ga amfani da mutum da kuma nishaɗi. Nazarin ilimin toxicology ya bayyana matakan gubar da haɗari, mercury, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), ƙarfe mai nauyi, da xylene. Mazauna sun fallasa hayaki mai haɗari daga masana'antun da ke kusa da su da asbestos a cikin kayan gini don tayal da rufi. Ruwan sha ya gurɓata kuma yana da mafi girman ciwon daji a Birnin Chicago.

### Mutanen da ke neman farfadowa
A shekara ta 1979, Hazel M. Johnson, mazaunin Altgeld Gardens, ta tara 'yan al'umma don yin magana game da rashin adalci na muhalli da wariyar launin fata na muhalli da al'ummarta ta fuskanta kuma ta kirkiro People for Community Recovery. Matsayin rikice-rikice da tattarawa ya kai kololuwa a cikin shekarun 1980 da 1990, inda daya daga cikin nasarorin muhalli na farko ya samu nasarar yin kira ga birni da jihar don shigar da layin ruwa da layin shara ga Maryland Manor, gida ga manyan 'yan ƙasa da yawa. Mazaunan Maryland Manor suna biyan harajin birni na tsawon shekaru 25 don gurɓataccen ruwa da aka cire daga rijiyoyi inda fim na sunadarai kamar cyanide ya tashi a saman.

## Yanayin da ke akwai
Altgeld Gardens yanki ne na gidaje na jama'a mai ƙarancin kashi 99% wanda ke karɓar membobin al'umma 8,000, 90% daga cikinsu baƙi ne kuma 63% daga cikinsu suna zaune a ƙasa da layin talauci. Akwai mafi girman kashi na mutanen da ke zaune a cikin talauci da kuma mafi ƙarancin kuɗin shiga na kowane mutum a cikin birni. A cikin 2015, kuɗin shiga na kowane mutum ya kai $ 11,515 idan aka kwatanta da ƙofar talauci na $ 12,082.

## Manazarta
Isaias Hernandez

**Isaias Hernandez** malamin muhalli ne wanda ke ba da shawara ga Adalci na zamantakewa da samun dama a cikin ƙungiyar muhalli. An fi saninsa da sunansa na Instagram da dandalin kafofin sada zumunta, Queer Brown Vegan, inda yake ba da bayanai ga mabiyansa sama da 120,000  game da Adalci na muhalli, veganism da salon rayuwa mara amfani,  da kuma rikice-rikice na al'amuran zamantakewa da muhalli.

## Rayuwa ta farko
Hernandez ya girma a matsayin ɗan asalin Mexico na ƙarni na farko  a Sylmar, wani yanki mai ƙarancin kuɗi a Los Angeles, a cikin manyan zirga-zirga da gurɓata. Kwarewarsa ta farko game da Rashin adalci na muhalli, kamar bambance-bambance a samun iska mai tsabta da sararin samaniya a Los Angeles, ya tsara sha'awarsa ga muhalli، adalci na zamantakewa, da daidaito. Ya ci gaba da samun B.S. a Kimiyya ta muhalli a Jami'ar California, Berkeley, inda ya fara aiki a kan hada bambancin muhalli da wuraren kirkira.

## Yunkurin fafutuka
A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2019,  Hernandez, wanda ke da shekaru 23, ya kirkiro asusun Instagram dinsa, @queerbrownvegan, a matsayin wuri mai aminci don yin ilimin muhalli na gaba ga kowa, amma musamman ga kungiyoyin da aka ware kamar LGBTQ+ + da BIPOC.  Ya mai da hankali ne daga lura cewa Canjin yanayi da Bala'o'in muhalli suna shafar mutanen da ba su da isasshen kuɗi, amma kuma cewa kungiyoyin da aka kirkira don taimakawa waɗannan al'ummomin ba koyaushe suna karɓar mutanen LGBTQ + ba.

A watan Janairun 2023, ya bayyana a bangon *[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]* tare da Billie Eilish da wasu matasa masu fafutukar kare muhalli guda bakwai. Bugu da ƙari, Hernandez an nuna shi a cikin wallafe-wallafe da yawa kamar The New York Times,  Time Magazine,  The Boston Globe,  The Washington Post,  Rolling Stone  da Teen Vogue. A cikin 2023, Hernandez ya sami lambar yabo ta Trailblazer a taron shekara-shekara na Verdical Group Net Zero.

Hernandez yana zaune ne a Los Angeles a matsayin mai kirkirar abun ciki na cikakken lokaci kuma mai magana da jama'a.

## Manazarta
József Györkös

**József Györkös** (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Afrilu, 1961) farfesa ne a jami'ar Slovenia kuma tsohon dan siyasa. Ya kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Maribor kuma yana da PhD a kimiyyar kwamfuta. Shi farfesa ne na ɗan lokaci a wannan jami'a, tare da sha'awar bincike a cikin al'ummar bayanai da haɗuwa da kafofin watsa Labari. Györkös ya kasance sakataren jihar (mataimakin minista) a gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Slovenia na shekaru da yawa. Ya girma a matsayin memba na al'ummar Hungary a cikin yanayin al'adu da yawa na birnin Lendava / Legendva, Slovenia . Daga Nuwamba 1, 2014, zuwa Oktoba 29, 2019, ya kasance Darakta na Hukumar Bincike ta Slovenia (ARRS), kuma mukaddashin Darakta daga 30 ga Oktoba 2019 zuwa 29 ga Afrilu 2020.

Tsakanin 2001 da 2004 a karkashin Firayim Minista Janez Drnovšek, sannan Anton Rop, da Minista Pavel Gantar, Györkös ya kasance Sakataren Gwamnati a Ma'aikatar Bayanai.

Ya kasance wakilin Slovenia a taron koli na duniya kan Information Society a Geneva, 2003  kuma ya halarci PrepComs na WSIS Tunis 2005,  kuma ya halarta a taron gudanar da Intanet a Masar a 2009.  Ya kuma wakilci Slovenia a cikin Yankin Commonwealth of Communications (RCC). 

Daga 22 ga Nuwamba, 2008, har zuwa 22 ga Yuni, 2011, a cikin gwamnatin Firayim Minista Borut Pahor, kuma a karkashin Minista Gregor Golobič, ya kasance sakataren jihar a Ma'aikatar Ilimi, Kimiyya da Fasaha, gami da fayil na al'umma. Saboda haka yana da alhakin:

* Gabatar da sabon tsarin samar da kudade ga ilimi mafi girma  da nufin kara yawan cin gashin kai da kudade na cibiyoyin ilimi mafi girma. 
* Shirya dabarun kasa guda biyu (Audacious Slovenia) don shekaru goma masu zuwa na bincike da ilimi mafi girma. http://www.uradni-list.si/1/content?id=103975 http://www.uradni-list.si/1/content?id=103885.
* Haɗin tsarin sauya analog zuwa dijital don talabijin na ƙasa na dijital a cikin 2010. 

Ya kasance mai sanya hannu kan wani shiri na tattaunawar jama'a game da ACTA.

A watan Janairun 2013 an nada shi memba kuma shugaban CAF - CONNECT Advisory Forum for ICT Research and Innovation .  Babban aikin kungiyoyin masu ba da shawara shine ba da shawara mai daidaituwa da ƙarfafawa ga kwamiti (Directorate General for Communications, Networks, Content and Technology (DG CONNECT)) ayyukan yayin shirye-shiryen shirin aikin Horizon 2020  , game da ƙalubalen / wani ɓangare na Takamaiman Shirin. Tun Nuwamba 2017 ya kasance memba na Kwamitin Gudanar da Kimiyya na Turai.

## Manazarta
Adedoyin Adeleke

**Adedoyin Adeleke** (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1989) ɗan gwagwarmayar Canjin yanayi ne na Najeriya kuma ɗan Afirka na farko da Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, António Guterres ya nada shi a matsayin shugaban kungiyar Masana Kimiyya mai zaman kanta (IGS) a ranar 19 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 2025. Ya fara shirin sauyin yanayi a makarantu a Afirka inda ake koya wa dalibai su zama wakilai masu kyau da zakara wajen rage sauyin yanayi. Shi ne Darakta na Cibiyar Kula da Ci gaban Afirka.

## Ayyuka a matsayin mai fafutukar canjin yanayi
An sanya Adedoyin Adeleke a matsayin co-shugaba na Ƙungiyar Masana Kimiyya Mai Zaman Kanta ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (IGS). Yana da alhakin shirya rahoton ci gaban duniya na 2027 (GSDR). A cewar sanarwa, "Nunawa, wanda Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya António Guterres ya yi, ya nuna wani muhimmin tarihi yayin da Dokta Adeleke ya zama dan Afirka na farko da aka nada shi Co-Chairman kungiyar masana kimiyya 15 da aka zaba daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Shi ne kuma dan Najeriya na farko da za a nada shi a cikin wata kungiya mai daraja.

## Kyaututtuka da karbuwa
A cikin 2018, ya kasance a cikin jerin 40 a ƙarƙashin 40 na masu canzawa a cikin masana'antar hasken rana ta duniya (Renewable Energy World, Amurka). Shi ne dan Afirka na farko da ya kasance a cikin jerin 30 a karkashin 30 na masu canzawa a Ilimi na Muhalli (Kungiyar Arewacin Amurka don Ilimi na Muhalli, Amurka). An zaba shi a matsayin daya daga cikin Top 100 Shakers da Movers a cikin e-learning a Afirka. Bob Little Press da Public Relations, United Kingdom sun kimanta wannan. An zaba shi a matsayin Fellow na 69th UNEP / UNESCO / BMUB International Short Course on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency a cikin 2016 a Technische Universitat Dresden, Jamus. Gwamnatin Jamus ce ta ba da kuɗin wannan.

## Manazarta
Joris Thijssen

**Joris Thijssen** (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Afrilu 1974) ɗan gwagwarmayar muhalli ne kuma ɗan siyasa na ƙasar Holland. Bayan ya yi karatun injiniyan sararin samaniya, ya fara aiki ga kungiyar muhalli ta Greenpeace . Ya shiga cikin ayyukan zanga-zangar da yawa, wanda ya haifar da kama mutane da yawa da kuma aikata laifuka. A shekara ta 2016, ya zama babban darektan Greenpeace Netherlands . Ya bar aikinsa don shiga cikin Babban zaben 2021, inda aka zabe shi a Majalisar Wakilai. A can, ya wakilci Jam'iyyar Labour har zuwa Nuwamba 2025.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haife shi a shekara ta 1974 a garin Gelderland na Arnhem . Mahaifinsa ya gudanar da kasuwancin shigo da babur. Thijssen ta yi karatun injiniyan sararin samaniya a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Delft tun daga shekarar 1992, ta kammala karatu a shekara ta 2000   Ya kasance memba na kungiyar dalibai ta DSR Proteus-Eretes .  Ya yi tafiya a duniya bayan shekara ta biyu ta karatunsa. A cewar Thijssen, wannan ya sa ya yi tunani game da yadda mutane ke shafar duniyar. Don rubutunsa game da saukowa da mai saukowa a kan kudancin, ya yi aiki a Hukumar Kula da Sararin samaniya ta Turai (ESA) na tsawon shekaru biyu a karkashin kulawar ɗan saman jannati Wubbo Ockels .   Mahaifin Thijssen ya mutu lokacin da Joris ke da shekaru ashirin. Daga baya ya kuma yi karatun falsafa da ilimin ɗan adam a Jami'ar Amsterdam da Jami'ar Leiden, kuma ya sami digiri na MBA daga Jami'ar Erasmus ta Rotterdam.

Ya nemi aiki a matsayin ɗan saman jannati a ESA a shekara ta 2008, amma ba a zaba shi ba.

## Greenpeace
Thijssen ya shiga kungiyar muhalli ta Greenpeace a matsayin mai sa kai a rabi na biyu na shekarun 1990.  A shekara ta 1997, ya tafi Normandy tare da ɗan siyasa na gaba Diederik Samson don auna matakin rediyo a bututun fitarwa daga jirgin ruwa ta amfani da kites. Bayan ya kammala karatunsa, ya zama ma'aikacin da ake biyan albashi a kungiyar. Ya yi kamfen game da makamashin nukiliya kuma ya yi bincike kan narkewar kankara.

A watan Yulin 2002, Thijssen ya sami nasarar shiga filin fadar Huis ten Bosch, inda aka gabatar da majalisar Balkenende ta farko. A cikin zanga-zangar, ya ɗaga wata tutar da ke cewa "Ministan Muhalli ya ba da rahoto" kafin masu gadi su cire shi daga dukiyar minti goma bayan haka. Royal Marechaussee ya bar Thijssen, wanda ya yi ado kuma ya isa wurin zama na baya na motar haya, bayan direbansa ya ce shi ne sabon ministan muhalli. Watanni biyu bayan haka, a ranar da ta gabata bayan , Thijssen ya shiga zauren majalisa ba bisa ka'ida ba yayin muhawara ta kasafin kuɗi. An fitar da shi kuma an kama shi kafin ya iya ɗaure kansa ya yi magana. An sake shi daga tantanin kurkuku daga baya a wannan rana. Ba a gurfanar da shi ba saboda waɗannan ayyukan bayan ya kai ga sasantawa na € 250.

## Manazarta
John Stewart na Methven

**Sir John Stewart na Methven** (ya mutu 1628) ya kasance gwamnan Dumbarton Castle kuma Admiral na Tekun Yamma

## Iyali da aure
Sir John Stewart na Methven ɗan Ludovic Stewart ne, Duke na biyu na Lennox. 

Stewart ta auri Margaret Hamilton, 'yar Shawfield" id="mwEA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Claud Hamilton of Shawfield">Sir Claud Hamilton na Shawfield, Rutherglen, da Illieston (d. 1614). An sanya shi mai kula da Dumbarton Castle a cikin 1620, matsayin ya kasance a cikin kyautar iyalin Lennox.

## Rayuwa

### Fursunoni
Margaret Katolika ce, kuma wani fursuna ne a cikin gidan sarauta, Alexander Simpson (1570-1639), ministan Dryburgh da Merton, ya tuba daga addinin Katolika, a cikin 1621. An ce John Stewart ya bi da Simpson da wani minista, Andrew Duncan, da ladabi sosai kuma ya biya su abinci da masauki. Ana sa ran fursunoni a Dumbarton su biya abincin su.

### Garrison a Dumbarton, ayyukan da ba a cika ba
A cikin 1625, Sir John Stewart na Methven ya yi alkawarin samun "mutane masu tsayayya" 16 a cikin gidan sarauta, a matsayin garuruwa don kiyayewa da kulawa, kuma an caje magajinsa Sir John Stewart na Traquair don yin hakan. An ce Methven ya kasance mai laushi a cikin ayyukansa a Dumbarton, yana ciyar da lokaci a Ireland a Mongavlin Castle wanda ya samu kuma ya gina a 1611 da ƙasashensa a Raphoe a Portloughe, duka biyu a Donegal. Wadannan ƙasashe a cikin Plantation na Ulster an ba da su ga mahaifinsa, Duke na Lennox . 

### Yin zina da ɗaurin kurkuku
A watan Satumbar shekara ta 1626 Majalisar Privy ta gano cewa yana zaune a cikin zina a Dumbarton Castle tare da mata biyu, Isobel Beaton da Margaret Kilmaurs, kuma ya ajiye matarsa, Dame Margaret, fursuna a cikin wani yanki mai laushi da zafi na gidan sarauta na kwanaki 13, an ɗaure shi a gado, kuma ya buge ta. Isobel Beaton da Isobel Scot a baya Dumbarton Kirk sun gargadi su saboda halin kunya. Wasu daga cikin zaluncin Stewart shine tilasta mata sanya hannu kan wasu takardun shari'a. Stewart ya shafe wani lokaci a matsayin fursuna a Edinburgh Castle da Blackness Castle a cikin 1626. Ya rubuta wasiƙu masu fushi ga bawansa William Young wanda ya tsere zuwa Ireland yana ɗauke da kayansa masu daraja.

## Mutuwa
An sami Stewart da laifin zina uku kuma an yanke masa hukuncin kisa "ta hanyar nufin sarki", kuma kotun ta ba da umarnin cewa ya kamata a rataye shi a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1627. [undefined] Ba a san ko an rataye shi ba, amma an yi matakai don tabbatar da kudin shiga na Lady Methven daga dukiyarsa, kuma ya mutu a shekara ta 1630 lokacin da shari'ar shari'a ta ambaci mutuwarsa, kuma gwauruwarsa Margaret ta auri Sir John Seton na Gargunnock a shekara ta 1629.[1][2]￼

## Manazarta
Angele Giuliano

**Angele Giuliano** (an haife ta a ranar 30 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1976) 'yar kasuwa ce ta Malta kuma shugabar Gidauniyar Maltese don Mata 'Yan Kasuwanci .  Giuliano ya kasance Shugaba da manajan darakta a AcrossLimits tun daga shekara ta 2001, da kuma gwani mai kimantawa ga Hukumar Tarayyar Turai da jakadan Majalisar Innovation ta Turai (EIC) . Har ila yau, mala'ika ce ta kasuwanci da ke ba da shawara ga farawa da 'yan kasuwa a Malta da kuma duniya.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Giuliano a Hamrun, ƙarama cikin 'yan'uwa mata uku. Bayan kammala karatun sakandare, ta ci gaba da karatun kasuwanci da lissafi a Jami'ar Malta. Daga baya ta karanta digiri na biyu a fannin Innovation da Creativity a Edward de Bono don Design da Development of Thinking . Bayan kammala karatunsa an gayyaci Giuliano ya zama malami mai ziyara a Jami'ar Malta, yana koyar da ɗalibai kan eCommerce, kasuwanci da fasaha.

A shekara ta 2001, Giuliano ya kafa AcrossLimits Ltd, SME da ke ba da sabis a fannonin ba da shawara, bincike da ci gaban IT, da kuma gudanar da aikin. A matsayinsa na Shugaba da manajan darektan kamfanin, Giuliano ya haɓaka aikace-aikacen eHealth da eLearning, ya tuntubi wasu manyan kungiyoyin jama'a da masu zaman kansu kan kirkire-kirkire na kasuwanci da kasa da kasa, kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga takardun manufofi da fararen takardu ga abokan ciniki ciki har da Majalisar Tarayyar Turai. Bugu da ƙari, Giuliano ya haɓaka kuma ya gudanar da ayyukan bincike da kirkire-kirkire da yawa tare da abokan hulɗa na Turai, kuma yana ba da darussan ci gaban kan layi na ƙwararru a ƙarƙashin alamar TrainingMalta.

### Daraja

* 1998: Ya lashe lambar yabo ta EuroMed Multimedia, yana jagorantar ƙungiyar mutane 15. 
* 2018: Wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta Malta Innovation Summit don kamfanin zamantakewa iSmart.
* 2020: Kyautar Horizon Malta ga AcrossLimits don Mafi Kyawun Tasiri akan Lafiya, Tsaro ko Kyautar Motsawa ta Smart don aikin Bio2Excel Cibiyar Kwarewa don Nazarin Biomolecular.
* 2020: Mafi kyawun Gabatarwa na Kyautar STEM don AcrossLimits don aikin ERA4STEM.
* 2021: Gasar Cin Kofin Turai ta Majalisar Innovation a Malta, tare da Farfesa André Xuereb . Ta kasance memba na juri na EIC na shekaru uku da suka gabata.
* 2021: Jakadan EIC don nuna godiya ga tasirin da ta yi a cikin tsarin halittu na Turai.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Giuliano tana zaune tare da abokin aikinta Antti Heikkilä da ɗanta a Hamrun, Malta .

## Manazarta
Soro Soke

**Soro Soke wata Taken siyasa ce da kuma Intanet wanda aka yi amfani da shi ta hanyar zanga-zangar EndSARS. Soro Soke kalma ce ta Yoruba wacce ke nufin yin magana.[1]**

## Tarihi
An fara amfani da taken ne a lokacin zanga-zangar EndSARS.

## A cikin al'adun gargajiya
A cikin 2022, Jumoke Verissimo da James Yeku ne suka shirya Solomoǹrọ̀sókè: an #EndSARS an rubuta shi,  kuma Soro Soke: The Young Disruptors Of An African MegaCity Trish Lorenz ne ya rubuta shi kuma Cambridge University Press ne ya buga shi, wanda ya haifar da zargi lokacin da marubucin ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya ƙirƙiri kalmar Soro Sok. 

## Manazarta
Kisan Paige Doherty

**Paige Doherty** daliba ce mai shekaru 15 daga Clydebank, Scotland, wanda John Leathem mai shekaru 32 ya kashe a ranar 19 ga Maris 2016 a cikin abincinsa.

## Tarihi
Paige ta zauna a gidan abokinta a daren 18 ga Maris. A ranar 19, da misalin karfe 8:21 na safe, ta tafi gidan abinci na John Leathem. Yawancin lokaci za ta tafi aikin gyaran gashi a Kirkintilloch,  mi (19  daga nesa. Ta kasa isa, kuma an fara nemanta.
 

## Binciken kisan kai
Masu wucewa sun gano jikin Doherty a gefen hanya kusa da Babbar Hanyar Yamma Glasgow kwana biyu bayan ta ɓace. An yi mata wuka a kai da wuyanta kuma ta sha wahala fiye da raunuka 250, kodayake mahaifiyarta, Pamela Doherty, ta yi iƙirarin cewa akwai raunuka sama da 500. Ganin ta na karshe ya kasance a CCTV a shagon Leathem; daga baya ya yarda da kashe Doherty. Mahaifiyarta ta kafa sadaka, Paige's Promise, a cikin sunan Doherty don koya wa yara kare kansu, da kuma tallafawa iyalai waɗanda 'ya'yansu suka kasance wadanda aka kashe.

## Shari'a
John Leathem ya yi iƙirarin cewa Paige ta yi barazanar gaya wa mutane cewa ya " taɓa ta" ba daidai ba, idan ya ki ya ba ta aiki, saboda ba ta kai shekara ba.[1] Babban shaidar da aka yi amfani da ita a cikin shari'ar ita ce hoton CCTV na Leathem yana rufe kantin sayar da abinci, yana gudu zuwa shagon da ke kusa, sannan ya dawo tare da kantin sayarwar da aka rufe kusan awa daya. Hoton ya nuna shi yana saka cikakken jaka a cikin akwati. An tabbatar da jakar ta ƙunshi jikin Paige kuma lokacin da aka tambayi mai shagon da ya ziyarta, an tabbatar da cewa Leathem ya sayi safofin hannu, bleach da jakar bin.[2][3]￼

## Hukunce-hukunce
A ranar 12 ga Oktoba 2016, watanni bakwai bayan kisan Doherty, an yanke wa Leathem hukunci a Babban Kotun da ke Glasgow, inda alƙali Lady Rae ya sanya mafi ƙarancin lokacin shekaru 27 a kurkuku kafin ya cancanci neman izinin. Koyaya, a watan Fabrairun 2017, biyo bayan roko da Leathem ya yi, an rage mafi ƙarancin lokacin zuwa shekaru 23.

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin shari'o'in mutanen da suka ɓace: bayan 2000
* Kisan Karen Buckley
* Kisan Esther Brown
* Kisan Amanda Duffy

## Manazarta
2022 a Najeriya

Abubuwan da suka faru a shekara ta **2022 a [[Najeriya]]**.

## Wadanda ke aiki

### Gwamnatin Tarayya

* Shugaba: Muhammadu Buhari (APC) 
* Mataimakin Shugaban kasa: Yemi Osinbajo (APC) 
* Shugaban Majalisar Dattawa: Ahmed Lawan (APC) 
* Kakakin majalisar: Femi Gbajabiamila (APC) 
* Babban Mai Shari'a: Ibrahim Tanko Muhammad (Har zuwa 27 ga Yuni); Olukayode Ariwoola (Tun daga 27 ga Yuni) 

### Gwamnoni

## Abubuwan da suka faru
Ci gaba - Ambaliyar ruwa ta Najeriya ta 2022, ta'addanci na Boko Haram, annobar COVID-19 a Najeriya, rikice-rikicen makiyaya da manoma a Najeriya, ta'addance a kudu maso gabashin Najeriya, rikici na 'yan fashi na NajeriyaRikicin 'yan fashi na Najeriya

### Janairu

* 4-6 Janairu - 2022 Kisan kiyashi na Zamfara
* 14-15 Janairu - Kisan kiyashi na Dankade

### Fabrairu

* 5 Fabrairu - 2022 Kebbi State kananan hukumomiZaben kananan hukumomi na Jihar Kebbi na 2022
* 10 Fabrairu 'yan fashi sun kai hari kauyen Rogoji, Bakura, Jihar Zamfara, inda suka kashe mutane biyar kuma suka haifar da fice daga garin. Wata mace ce ta nemi 'yan fashi su yi hakan, wanda' yan bindiga suka kashe ɗanta. 'Yan fashi masu dauke da makamai sun kai hari kan wata motar zinariya a Ibadan, Jihar Oyo, inda suka kashe mutane shida, ciki har da' yan sanda biyu.
** 'Yan fashi sun kai hari kauyen Rogoji, Bakura, Jihar Zamfara, inda suka kashe mutane biyar kuma suka haifar da fice daga garin. Wata mace ce ta nemi 'yan fashi su yi hakan, wanda' yan bindiga suka kashe ɗanta.
** 'Yan fashi masu dauke da makamai sun kai hari kan wata motar zinariya a Ibadan, Jihar Oyo, inda suka kashe mutane shida, ciki har da' yan sanda biyu.
* 12 Fabrairu - 2022 Babban Birnin Tarayya Zaben kananan hukumomiZaben kananan hukumomi na Babban Birnin Tarayya na 2022
* 23 Fabrairu - 2022 Zaben kananan hukumomi na Jihar EnuguZaben kananan hukumomi na jihar Enugu na 2022

### Maris

* 8 Maris - Maris 2022 Kebbi kisan kiyashi 
* 12 Maris - 2022 Zaben kananan hukumomi na Jihar Imo 
* 28 Maris - Harin jirgin kasa na Abuja-Kaduna

### Afrilu

* 9 ga Afrilu - 2022 Zaben kananan hukumomi na Jihar Adamawa 
* 10 Afrilu - 2022 Kisan kiyashi na Jihar PlateauKisan kiyashi na Jihar Plateau na 2022
* 11 ga Afrilu - 2022 Zaben kananan hukumomi na Jihar KatsinaZaben kananan hukumomi na Jihar Katsina na 2022
* 19 ga Afrilu - 2022 Zaben kananan hukumomi na Jihar EdoZaben kananan hukumomi na Jihar Edo na 2022
* 22 Afrilu - 2022 Fashewar Kogin Imo

### Mayu

* 7 ga Mayu - 2022 Zaben kananan hukumomi na jihar BenueZaben kananan hukumomi na jihar Benue na 2022
* 12 ga Mayu - Kashe Deborah Yakubu
* 28 ga Mayu - 2022 Port Harcourt stampede

## Manazarta
Rubutun Dubbo

Jaridar ***Dubbo Dispatch*** jarida ce da aka buga a Dubbo, New South Wales, Ostiraliya daga 1865 zuwa 1971. An kuma buga ta a matsayin *Dispatch* da *Dubbo Dispatch da Wellington Independent* .

## Tarihi
An fara buga jaridar Dubbo Dispatch da Wellington Independent a shekarar 1865 ta hannun Thomas Martin Manning a ginin Furney da ke Dubbo. Jaridar za ta ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin dangin Manning har zuwa 1920. [1]

A shekarar 1932, jaridar ta haɗu da ''Western Age'' na ɗan lokaci don kafa *Dispatch* . Duk da haka, a shekarar 1933 jaridu biyu sun rabu zuwa *Western Age* da *Dubbo Dispatch* .  Za a ci gaba da buga *Dubbo Dispatch* har zuwa 1971 lokacin da *The Daily Liberal* ta same shi. 

## Canzawa ta hanyar dijital
An mayar da wannan takarda ta hanyar dijital a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin Shirin Digitization na Jaridun Australiya na Laburaren Ƙasa na Australiya .  

## Duba kuma

* Jerin jaridu a Ostiraliya
* Jerin jaridu a New South Wales

## Manazarta
Sapa (slang)

**Sapa** (/ˈsɑː.pæ/ i SAH-PA) kalma ce ta yaren Najeriya wacce ta sami karbuwa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, musamman tsakanin matasa 'yan Najeriya. Ana amfani dashi don bayyana yanayin Rashin iya kudi ko matsanancin talauci, sau da yawa sakamakon kashe kudi da Rashin kula da kudi. Daga ƙarshe an kara shi a cikin Urban Dictionary a cikin 2020.

## Magana
Kalmar "*Sapa*" ana zaton ta samo asali ne daga yaren Yoruba. An yi imanin cewa haɗin harshe ne wanda a takaice ya kama jin dadin talauci. Halin taƙaitaccen kalmar ya ba da gudummawa ga yaduwar amfani da shi da kuma ganewa. Kodayake ba a yarda da shi ba, sunan baya na kalmar Sapa shine "Mai tsanani / Ba zato ba tsammani / Rashin Kwarewar Sayarwa. "  

## Ma'anar da amfani
Ana amfani da *Sapa* don nuna rashin wadata ko rashin isasshen kuɗi. Ya bayyana halin da mutum ko mahalli ke fuskantar matsaloli masu yawa na tattalin arziki, yawanci saboda rashin iya sarrafa kudaden su yadda ya kamata. Matasan Najeriya suna amfani da kalmar akai-akai don bayyana abubuwan da suka faru ko kuma abubuwan da wasu ke fuskantar mawuyacin yanayin tattalin arziki.

An haɗa wannan kalmar a cikin yaren yau da kullun na 'yan Najeriya da yawa, musamman waɗanda ke cikin ƙananan yara. Ana amfani da shi a wurare daban-daban, gami da tattaunawa tsakanin abokai, sakonnin kafofin sada zumunta, har ma a cikin kalmomin kiɗa.

## Shahararren
Kalmar *Sapa* ta sami karbuwa sosai a tsakanin matasa na Najeriya a farkon karni na 21. Haɓakar dandamali na kafofin sada zumunta ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen yada shi, yana ba da damar karɓar karɓa da sauri da yaduwa. Memes, tweets, da tattaunawar kan layi duk sun ba da gudummawa ga yin Sapa sanannen lokaci, a cikin Najeriya da sauran Kasashen Afirka.

## Tasirin al'adu
*Sapa* yana nuna gaskiyar tattalin arziki da yawancin 'yan Najeriya ke fuskanta, musamman kalubalen gudanar da kudaden mutum a cikin yanayin tattalin arziki mai saurin canzawa. Fitowar kalmar a matsayin sanannen kalma yana nuna shirye-shiryen matasa 'yan Najeriya don shiga tattaunawa game da matsalolin kudi da neman abokantaka a cikin abubuwan da aka raba.

## Manazarta
Don Dorrigo Gazette

***Jaridar Don Dorrigo Gazette***, wadda a da ake bugawa a matsayin ***Don Dorrigo Gazette da Guy Fawkes Advocate***, jarida ce ta Turanci da ake bugawa duk mako a Dorrigo, New South Wales, Ostiraliya. 

## Tarihi
An kafa jaridar a matsayin *Don Dorrigo da Guy Fawkes Advocate* a ranar 8 ga Janairu 1910  ta hannun 'yan'uwa Roy da Reginald Vincent. 

A watan Yulin 2023, masu jaridar Gazette, Michael da Jade English, sun sanar da rufe jaridar. An ambaci kuɗaɗen da ake kashewa, dalilan lafiya da kuma ƙaruwar gasa daga kafofin sada zumunta a matsayin abubuwan da suka taimaka wajen rugujewar jaridar. 

## Samarwa
An buga takardar a kan wani ma'aikacin Heidelberg Zylinder Automat kuma ita ce jarida ta ƙarshe da aka sani a Ostiraliya da aka buga ta hanyar amfani da na'urar buga rubutu mai zafi . [1] Editocinta a shekarar 2015 su ne Michael da Jade English waɗanda a kusan shekara ta 2006, suka karɓi ragamar mulki daga mahaifin Michael John wanda ke aiki a jaridar tun 1961. [1] [2]

Tun daga shekarar 2006, yawan zagayawa ya ragu daga kwafi 1,000 a kowane mako zuwa ƙasa da kusan kwafi 300. Tun daga farkon shekarar 2023, zagayawa ya kai kusan kwafi 500 a kowane mako. 

## Maganganu
An ambato labarai daga Jaridar *Gazette* a wasu jaridun yankin:

* "The Only Bege". ''Daily Observer'' ''(Tamworth, NSW) : 1917 - 1920), 8 ga Mayu 1920, shafi na 1'' .
* " Masu ra'ayin jari-hujja da 'Masu Kaji'". ''Mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a na Gloucester'', 1 ga Afrilu 1922, shafi na 1 .
* "Me Yasa Ake Shigo Da Itace Zuwa Ostiraliya?". ''Bunyip,'' (Gawler, SA) : 1863 - 1954), 11 Nuwamba 1949, shafi na 4.

## Manazarta
Laurene Allen

**Laurene Allen** 'yar asalin Amurka ce kuma mai fafutukar kare lafiyar muhalli da ke zaune a New Hampshire">Merrimack, New Hampshire . An san ta da aikinta na magance gurɓata daga PFAS da ke da alaƙa da masana'antar Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics a Merrimack. A cikin 2025, Allen ta sami lambar yabo ta muhalli ta Goldman don Arewacin Amurka saboda kokarin da ta yi na al'umma don wayar da kan jama'a game da gurɓataccen PFAS da kuma ba da shawara don Kare muhalli mai ƙarfi a New Hampshire.

## Tarihi
Allen ya zauna a Merrimack tun daga shekarun 1980 kuma a baya ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin zamantakewa na asibiti. Ta shiga cikin batutuwan muhalli bayan gwaje-gwajen ruwa na cikin gida sun nuna matakan PFAS a cikin 2016. A wannan lokacin, an gano gurɓatawar zuwa hayaki daga wurin Saint-Gobain da ke kusa.

## Yunkurin kare muhalli
Bayan binciken, Allen ya taimaka wajen shirya mazauna don neman ƙarin bayani daga hukumomin jihar da kamfanin da ke da hannu. Ta kafa kungiyar Merrimack Citizens for Clean Water, wacce ta fara karbar bakuncin tarurruka, tattara bayanai game da gidajen da abin ya shafa, da kuma ba da shawara don gyarawa. Kungiyar daga baya ta taimaka wajen kafa National PFAS Contamination Coalition, wanda ke haɗa al'ummomin da ke fuskantar irin wannan batutuwan gurɓataccen yanayi a duk faɗin Amurka.

Allen da sauran masu ba da shawara na cikin gida sun matsa don ƙara gwajin, rarraba ruwan kwalba, da tsaftacewa na dogon lokaci a ƙarƙashin kulawar jihar. Ci gaba da goyon bayansu ya ba da gudummawa ga sabbin ka'idojin ruwa na jihar akan iyakokin PFAS da tsarin kula da jama'a.

## Rufewar masana'antar Saint-Gobain
A cikin 2023, Saint-Gobain ya ba da sanarwar cewa zai rufe wurin aikinta na Merrimack har abada, yana mai da hankali kan abubuwan tattalin arziki da rashin tabbas. Rahoton yankin ya bayyana shawarar ne sakamakon ci gaba da bincike da ayyukan tilasta bin shekaru na korafe-korafe daga mazauna da kungiyoyin muhalli. Ayyukan tsaftacewa da gyare-gyare sun kasance a karkashin bita ta Ma'aikatar Ayyukan Muhalli ta New Hampshire.

## Manazarta