Amanda Smith

**Amanda Smith** (née Berry; Janairu 23, 1837 - Fabrairu 24, 1915) wani mai wa'azin Methodist ne na Amurka kuma tsohon bawa wanda ya ba da tallafin tsohuwar Gidan marayu da Gidan Marayu na Amanda Smith da Gidan Masana'antu don Yaran da Aka Yashe da Marasa Launi a wajen Chicago. Ta kasance shugaba a cikin ƙungiyar Wesleyan-Holiness, tana wa'azin koyarwar tsarkakewa gabaɗaya a duk tarurrukan sansanin Methodist a duk faɗin duniya.

## Rayuwar farko
Smith shine ƙarami cikin yara goma sha uku na iyayen bayi Samuel Berry da Mariam Matthews a Long Green, Maryland, ƙaramin gari a cikin gundumar Baltimore. Mahaifinta mutum ne mai rikon amana, matar maigidansa kuwa ta amince masa har ta sa shi mai kula da gonarta. Bayan kammala aikinsa na ranar, an bar Mista Berry ya fita ya sami ƙarin kuɗi don kansa da iyalinsa. Dare da yawa ya kan tafi ba barci ba saboda ya shagaltu da yin tsintsiya da tabarmi a kasuwar Baltimore. Ya sayi 'yancin kansa, sannan na danginsa;sannan suka zauna a Pennsylvania.

### Yarintaka
Da yake girma, ba kamar sauran yara da manya da ake bautar ba, Smith ya sami damar koyon karatu da rubutu: mahaifinta ya karanta wa dangi, mahaifiyarta kuma ta koya mata karatu kafin ta kai shekaru takwas, shekarun da aka tura ita da ƙanenta zuwa makaranta. Bayan sati na shida da shiga makarantar aka tilastawa rufe. Bayan shekaru biyar sun sami damar zuwa makarantar mil biyar daga gidansu, amma kawai ana koyarwa idan akwai lokaci bayan darussan yaran farar fata; bayan sati biyu da haka sai suka fita daga gida kuma iyayensu suka koyar da su a gida, wani lokacin kuma suna karantar da kansu. Da yake ta yi wata uku da rabi kawai ta yi karatun boko, Amanda ta tafi aiki kusa da York, Pennsylvania, a matsayin bawan wata gwauruwa mai ’ya’ya biyar. Yayin da yake wurin, ta halarci hidimar farfaɗo a Cocin Methodist Episcopal Church

### Karatu
Smith ta yi aiki a matsayin mai dafa abinci da mai wanki don ciyar da kanta da 'yarta bayan an kashe mijinta a yakin basasar Amurka. A lokacin da Smith ke da shekaru talatin da biyu, ta rasa mazaje biyu da hudu daga cikin ‘ya’yanta biyar. Halartar tarurrukan sansani na addini da farfaɗowa ya taimaka mata ta yi aiki cikin baƙin ciki da guje wa baƙin ciki. Ta nutsad da kanta a cikin Cocin Methodist Episcopal (AME) kuma ta sadu da Phoebe Palmer, wata mai wa'azin Methodist wacce ta jagoranci ƙungiyar Wesleyan-Holiness.A cikin 1868, Amanda Smith ta shaida cewa ta sami cikakkiyar tsarkakewa.A cikin 1867, an shirya Ƙungiyar Taro ta Ƙasa don Inganta Tsarkaka kuma Smith ya fara wa'azin koyaswar tsarkakewa duka a tarurrukan sansanin.Damar yin bishara a Kudu da Yamma sun buɗe mata. Matan Ba-Amurke a ƙarni na sha tara sun ɗauki suturar da suke da muhimmanci sosai, haka ma wasu.Smith ko da yaushe yana sanye da ƙwanƙarar ƙwanƙara da launin ruwan kasa ko baƙar fata Quaker, kuma yana ɗaukar jakar kafet.

A cikin 1878, Smith ta shirya wa 'yarta, Mazie, yin karatu a Ingila, inda dukansu suka zauna tsawon shekaru biyu.[3] Daga baya ta yi tafiya zuwa Indiya kuma ta yi hidima, inda ta zauna tsawon watanni goma sha takwas[3]. Smith ya yi shekaru takwas a Afirka, yana aiki tare da majami'u da yin bishara. Ta yi tafiya zuwa Laberiya da Afirka ta Yamma. Smith kuma ta faɗaɗa danginta ta hanyar ɗaukar ƴan Afirka maza biyu.Yayin da a Afirka ta sha fama da hare-haren "Zazzabin Afirka" akai-akai amma ta ci gaba da aikinta. Ta kasance mai karfi mai goyon bayan motsin halin kamun kai a Afirka da Amurka, kuma mai ba da shawara kan fushi Rev. Dr. Theodore Ledyard Cuyler ya gayyace ta don yin wa'azi a Cocinsa na Lafayette Avenue Presbyterian da ke Brooklyn, New York, sannan ita ce coci mafi girma a cikin darikar ta, lokacin da ta koma Amurka. Ministan Methodist Phineas Bresee ya gayyaci Amanda Smith don jagorantar ayyukan ibada a Cocin Episcopal na Asbury Methodist a watan Mayu 1891.

Smith ya tara kuɗi don Gidan Marayu na Amanda Smith da Gidajen Masana'antu don Yaran da Aka Yashe da Marasa Launi a Harvey, ƙauyen da ke kudu da Chicago, wanda ya buɗe a ranar 28 ga Yuni, 1899.Ladies Negro's Friend Society ta aika da kudade a Birmingham, UK, wanda ta kulla dangantaka da ita lokacin zamanta a Ingila. Ta gamu da rikici da gidan marayun saboda matsaloli irin su kudi, gobarar da ta lalata ginin, rikici tsakanin Smith da ma’aikatan, korafe-korafen makwabta, da gazawar binciken gidajen marayun. Shekaru biyu bayan mutuwar Smith, wata gobara ta tashi a gidan, ta kashe 'yan mata biyu, kuma an rufe ta da kyau.

## Nassoshi