Ayyukan Agagia

**Ayyukan Agagia** (kuma Agagiya, Aqqaqia ko Aqaqia) ya faru ne a gabashin Sidi Barrani a Misira a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu 1916, a lokacin Senussi_Campaign" Senussi Campaign">Yakin Senussi tsakanin sojojin Senussi da Ottoman da sojojin Birtaniya a Misira. A ranar 11 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1915, an kai hari kan wani shafi na Burtaniya a Duwwar Hussein tare da hanyar Matruh-Sollum. A cikin Al'amarin Wadi Senba, an ci Senussi kuma bayan kwana biyu an kori harin Senussi a Wadi Hasheifiat. Birtaniya sun koma Matruh har zuwa 25 ga Disamba, sannan suka ba Senussi mamaki a Batun Wadi Majid amma Senussi sun tsere. A Al'amarin Halazin a ranar 23 ga watan Janairu, an ci Senussi kuma sun sake tserewa.

A watan Fabrairun 1916, an karfafa rundunar Yammacin Yamma (Major-General William Peyton), kuma wani shafi na Burtaniya ya ci gaba zuwa yamma tare da bakin teku, don sake kama Sollum a watan Fabrairu; a kan hanya, jirgin sama ya hango sansanin Senussi a Agagiya. A ranar 26 ga Fabrairu, ginshiƙi ya kai hari ga Senussi a Agagiya kuma ya kama Jaafar Pasha, kwamandan sojojin Senussi a bakin tekun. Yayin da Senussi suka koma baya, wani cajin sojan doki na Dorset Yeomanry ya yanke su; Yeomen sun rasa rabin dawakai da kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na mahayan su amma sun watsar da ginshiƙi, sun haifar da kusan mutane 500 da suka mutu, sun dauki fursunoni 39, sun kama jirgin saman kaya na Senussi kuma sun bi wadanda suka tsira zuwa hamada. Birtaniya ta sake mamaye Sollum a ranar 14 ga Maris 1916, wanda ya kawo karshen yakin bakin teku.

## Tarihi

### Senussi
Senussi ƙungiya ce ta addini galibi daga makiyaya na Libya, waɗanda suka yi yaƙi da Italiya a Libya a lokacin Yaƙin Italo-Turkiya (29 Satumba 1911 - 18 Oktoba 1912). Biritaniya ta ayyana yaki da Daular Ottoman a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 1914 kuma a lokacin rani na 1915, jakadun Turkiyya, ciki har da Nuri Bey, ɗan'uwan Enver Pasha da Jaafar Pasha, sun tattauna yarjejeniya tare da Babban Senussi, Sayyid Ahmed ash-Sharif, don kai farmaki ga Burtaniya a Misira daga yamma, a lokacin da Ottoman ya kai farmaki ta Falasdinu kan Suez Canal, wanda aka sani da Raid on the Suez Canal . 

A ƙarshen 1915, an tura yawancin sojojin Burtaniya a Misira zuwa Gallipoli da Mesopotamiya, suna barin yammacin Misira da masu tsaron bakin teku na Masar. Ottomans da Jamusawa sun kawo makamai na zamani ta hanyar jirgin ruwa ga Senussi. An kuma kai jami'an Jamus da Turkiyya ta jirgin ruwa kuma sun sauka a ranar 19 ga Mayu 1915 zuwa yammacin Sollum kuma sun kafa hedkwatar a Siwa. Senussi sun tara sojoji 5,000 da sauran dakarun da ba su dace ba, sanye take da bindigogi na Ottoman, don kamfen a bakin tekun da Sollum, Mersa Matruh da Da'aba a kan hanyar zuwa Alexandria da kuma daga Siwa ta hanyar ƙungiyar oases, Bahariya, Farafra, Dakhla da Kharga,  mi (160  yammacin Nilu. Senussi sun haye iyakar Libya da Masar a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba 1915 don fara yakin bakin teku.

### Sojojin Yammacin Yamma
Rundunar Yammacin Yamma (WFF, Manjo-Janar Alexander Wallace), ta ƙunshi 1/6th Royal Scots, 2/7th da 2/8th Middlesex, Battalions na Sojojin Yamma, Sikhs na 15, rundunonin sojan doki guda uku da aka tashe daga bayanan baya na yeomanry da raka'a na Australian Light Horse, waɗanda suka yi yaƙi a Gallipoli a matsayin sojan ƙasa, Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) motocin Sojan RFC) da jirgin sama biyu na Royal Flying Corps (R). Wallace ya sha wahala daga tsohuwar rauni kuma Manjo-Janar William Peyton ya sauƙaƙe shi kuma an ƙarfafa WFF tare da Brigade na 1 na Afirka ta Kudu (Brigadier-Janar Henry Lukin) da ƙungiyar injiniyoyin Masar a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu. WFF daga ƙarshe ta sami raƙuma 2,000, wanda ya sa dakarun suka iya ci gaba da nisa mafi girma da kuma ikon kula da kansu a cikin hamada.

### Yakin bakin teku

A ranar 6 ga Nuwamba 1915, U-35 ta nutse  da jirgin ruwa na *Abbas*, kuma ta lalata *Nur el Bahr* a Bay of Sollum. A ranar 14 ga Nuwamba, Senussi sun kai hari kan Sollum kuma an kai hari kan wani gidan waya na Masar    a gabashin Sollum a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba. Birtaniya sun janye daga Sollum zuwa Mersa Matruh,  mi (190  gabas, wanda ke da mafi kyawun wurare don tushe kuma an halicci Sojojin Yammacin Yamma (Major-General Alexander Wallace). A ranar 11 ga watan Disamba, an kai hari kan wani bangare na Burtaniya a Duwwar Hussein tare da hanyar Matruh-Sollum kuma a cikin Al'amarin Wadi Senba, ya kori Senussi daga cikin wadi.

Binciken ya ci gaba kuma a ranar 13 ga Disamba, a Wadi Hasheifiat an sake kai wa Birtaniya hari kuma bayan jinkiri, sun tilasta wa Senussi su koma baya. Birtaniya sun koma Matruh har zuwa 25 ga Disamba sannan suka ci gaba da dare don mamakin Senussi. A Batun Wadi Majid, an sake kayar da Senussi amma sun sami damar janyewa zuwa yamma. Binciken jirgin sama ya sami ƙarin sansanonin Senussi a Halazin, wanda aka kai hari a ranar 23 ga Janairu a cikin Al'amarin Halazin . Senussi sun fadi da basira sannan suka yi ƙoƙari su mamaye Birtaniya, waɗanda aka tura su baya a gefen yayin da cibiyar ta ci gaba kuma ta ci babban jikin Senussi, waɗanda suka sake iya janyewa.

## Gabatarwa

### Shirye-shiryen Burtaniya
WFF ta ci gaba a bakin tekun daga Mersa Matruh zuwa Sidi Barrani, don sake kama Sollum a kan iyakar Libya da Masar amma a matsayin yaudara an yi jita-jita cewa WFF na gab da komawa daga MersaMatruh. An aika da wani shafi na samarwa    zuwa Unjeila (kimanin rabin hanyar zuwa Sidi Barrani), tare da raƙuma 800 dauke da abinci na kwanaki 28 ga mutane 1,400, dawakai 200 da raƙuman, sun isa ranar 16 ga Fabrairu; bayan kwana uku motar da ke da ƙafa ta biyo baya. A ranar 20 ga Fabrairu, Lukin ya ci gaba zuwa Unjeila tare da umarni don isa Sidi Barrani da sauri, tare da 1st da 3rd African Infantry battalions, Dorset Yeomanry, Bucks Hussars, 6th Royal Scots, mafi yawan Notts Battery na 1/1st Nottinghamshire RHA da kuma motar asibiti. A lokacin tafiyar, binciken iska ya gano sansanin Senussi a Agagia,  mi (24  kudu maso gabashin Sidi Barrani. Sojojin sun isa ranar 22 ga Fabrairu kuma Bedouin na yankin ya ba da rahoton cewa Nuri da Jaafar suna Agagia. A ranar 23 ga Fabrairu, an bar wasu masu gadi a Unjeila kuma sauran sun yi tafiya  mi (19  zuwa Shammas kuma washegari suka koma  mi (26  zuwa Wadi Mehtila,  mi (13  arewa maso gabashin Agagia. Lukin ya shirya ya huta da rundunar a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu sannan ya ci gaba da dare, don kai hari kan sansanin Senussi da asuba.

### Shirye-shiryen Senussi
Jaafar ya yi yunƙurin hana Turawan mulkin mallaka da  a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, ya kai hari a sansanin da ke da goyon bayan bindigogi biyu da kuma bindiga. An rufe bindigogin da bindigogin bindigu na Burtaniya kuma aka kori Senussi; yana tsammanin ƙarin hare-hare, Lukin ya watsar da tafiyar dare. Washegari, ’yan sandan sun leka , suka gano cewa har yanzu Senussi na nan a Agagia ba tare da wata matsuguni ba, suna mamaye tsaunin yashi dauke da  bindigogi uku da bindigu biyar. Matsayin tsaro yana da yanki kusan , ya kafe a cikin dunƙulewar yashi a ƙasan ƙasa maras kyau kuma tare da shingen waya a wasu wuraren. Wani hari daga arewa dole ne ya ci gaba a kan ƙasa ba tare da wani mafari ba. 

## Yaƙi
Lukin ya karbi rahoton yeomanry kuma a karfe 9:30 na safe ya ci gaba daga sansanin kuma ya aika da Dorset Yeomanry (Lieutenant-Colonel H. M. W. Souter) don yanke komawar Senussi. Yeomanry ya koma yammacin matsayin Senussi zuwa wasu tsaunuka na yashi, daga inda za a iya lura da Senussi. Yeomanry ya sauka kuma ya taimaka ta hanyar rufe wuta daga motoci biyu masu dauke da makamai, wanda ya hana wuta ta Senussi, ya ci gaba don rataye Senussi. Sojojin sun ci gaba tare da 3rd South African Battalion gaba da 1st South African Batallion a tallafi. Da karfe 11:00 na safe, sojojin sun motsa   , an tura su kuma a karfe 11:20 na safe sun shiga wuta. Battalion din ya ci gaba a layi tare da maza a lokuta biyu, bindigogi a kan bangarorin da kuma rufe wuta daga Batirin Notts. Senussi sun amsa da bindigogi, bindigogi da bindigogin, daga wuraren da ba a gani ga 'yan Afirka ta Kudu. Rashin ya karu yayin da ci gaba ya rufe zuwa tsaunukan yashi kuma Jaafar ya aika da hari kan bangaren hagu na Afirka ta Kudu. Wani kamfani na 1st African Battalion ya koma gefe kuma ya kori harin, inda Lukin ya ba da umarnin kai hari gaba ɗaya.

Sojojin sun yi gaggawar layin gaba na Senussi a gefen tsaunukan yashi sannan suka yi gwagwarmaya yayin da Senussi suka koma baya ta cikin dunes, suna jinkirta ci gaban Afirka ta Kudu zuwa kudancin ƙarshen tsaunukanyashi har zuwa 3:15 na yamma, lokacin da 'yan Afirka ta Kudu suka gano cewa Senussi sun tafi. Dorset Yeomanry sun jira 'yan gudun hijira su motsa nesa daga rami da waya a kusa da matsayin tudun yashi kuma sun motsa kusan    yammacin layin Senussi na koma baya. An ga Senussi a karfe 2:00 na yamma an rataye su sama da    na hamada tare da raƙuma da kaya a gaba. Bedouin da  ne suka kare ginshiƙi tare da bindigogi, waɗanda suka kafa masu tsaron baya da na baya. Yeomanry ya sauka don hutawa da dawakai kuma yayi nazarin ƙasa, wanda ke da ɗan tashi zuwa ga shafi na Senussi.

Bayan hutawa, yeomanry ya kai hari a layi biyu a cikin tsalle-tsalle, yana karɓar wuta daga Senussi, wanda ya kasance daidai da farko, ya zama mafi ƙanƙanta sannan ya daina. Lokacin da yeomanry ya kasance    daga masu tsaron baya, wanda ke da kusan 150-mai ƙarfi, sun caje su da takobi da aka zana, inda masu tsaron bayan suka karya matsayi kuma Bedouin suka warwatse. An harbe Souter daga doki kuma ya fadi kusa da Jaafar kuma maharan sun yi jinkiri amma sashin bindigar ya zo ya ci gaba da rushewa. An kama Jaafar da jami'an Ottoman guda biyu kuma an gudanar da bin su cikin hamada, inda aka kashe "manyan yawa" na Senussi da takobi. Bayan haka, an kama fursunoni 39, an ƙone alfarwan Senussi kuma an tattara raƙuma.

## Sakamakon haka

### Bincike
Bayan binne matattu da kuma hutawa da wadanda suka tsira, Lukin ya ci gaba zuwa Sidi Barrani kuma ya shiga ba tare da hamayya ba a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu. Sojojin Burtaniya sun sake mamaye Sollum bayan tafiya ta kusa da  mi (kilomita 390) a ranar 14 ga watan Maris, bayan da Senussi suka kwashe shi da sauri. An kai Jaafar Pasha Alkahira kuma an hana shi jagorancinsa, tawaye na Senussi ya rushe. Senussi ba su sake tsayayya da harin Burtaniya ba kuma kodayake yakin ya dauki karin watanni, yanayin hamada sun fi zama cikas ga ayyukan Burtaniya fiye da juriyar Senussi.

### Wadanda suka mutu
Senussi sun sha wahala kimanin mutane 500 kuma an kama mutane 39, tare da raƙuma 60 da aka ɗora da kwanakin da kuma zagaye 40,000 na harsashi. Wadanda suka mutu a Burtaniya sun kasance mutane 184, Dorset Yeomanry sun rasa mutane 32 da aka kashe kuma 26 suka ji rauni.

## Bayanan da ke ƙasa

## Manazarta

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## Ƙarin karatu

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## Mahaɗu

* Bridport News: Queen’s Own Dorset Yeomanry led charge at battle of Agagia
* The Western Campaign/Agagia Campaign 1915