Hukumar Kifi da Kula da Yanayi

Akwai **Hukumomin Kifi na Cikin Teku da Kare Muhalli** guda goma ( **IFCAs** ) a Ingila . Gundumomin IFCA guda goma suna rufe ruwan gabar tekun Ingila har zuwa mil 6 na ruwa daga Tushen Yankuna. Duk da cewa suna da 'yancin kai, duk IFCAs suna da 'hangen nesa' guda ɗaya don "jagoranci, jagoranci da kuma sarrafa muhalli mai dorewa na ruwa da kamun kifi na cikin teku, ta hanyar samun nasarar tabbatar da daidaito tsakanin fa'idodin zamantakewa, muhalli da tattalin arziki don tabbatar da lafiyayyen teku, kamun kifi mai dorewa da kuma masana'antu mai dorewa". IFCAs suna da iko da ayyuka iri ɗaya waɗanda aka samo a cikin Dokar Samun damar Ruwa da Teku, 2009. 

Sharuɗɗan IFCA guda goma sune:

* Hukumar Kamun Kifi da Kare Muhalli ta Kudancin Teku
* Hukumar Kamun Kifi da Kare Muhalli ta Devon da Severn
* Hukumar Kamun Kifi da Kare Muhalli ta Inshora ta Cornwall
* Hukumar Kamun Kifi da Kare Muhalli ta Tsibiran Scilly
* Hukumar Kamun Kifi da Kare Muhalli ta Arewa maso Yamma
* Hukumar Kamun Kifi da Kare Muhalli ta Northumberland Inshore
* Hukumar Kamun Kifi da Kare Muhalli ta Arewa maso Gabas
* Hukumar Kamun Kifi da Kare Muhalli ta Gabashin Teku
* Hukumar Kamun Kifi da Kare Muhalli ta Kent da Essex
* Hukumar Kamun Kifi da Kare Muhalli ta Inshore ta Sussex

Membobin kwamitocin IFCA sun ƙunshi 'manyan mambobi' da Hukumar Gudanar da Ruwa ta Amurka (Rundunar Kula da Ruwa) ta naɗa saboda ƙwarewarsu da gogewarsu da suka shafi kula da kamun kifi a cikin teku. Membobin gabaɗaya suna haɗuwa da membobin da aka naɗa na ƙananan hukumomi, waɗanda hukumomin da ke ba da kuɗi ga IFCAs suka naɗa. A kan kowace IFCA, ana kuma naɗa memba daga Natural England, Hukumar Gudanar da Ruwa da Hukumar Muhalli.

A ƙarƙashin sashi na 153 na Dokar Samun Nauyin Ruwa da Teku ta 2009 (1) Hukumar gundumar IFC dole ne ta kula da amfani da albarkatun kamun kifi na teku a wannan gundumar. (2) Yayin da take gudanar da aikinta a ƙarƙashin sashe na (1), hukumar gundumar IFC dole ne ta: (a) ta nemi tabbatar da cewa ana gudanar da amfani da albarkatun kamun kifi na teku ta hanyar da ta dace, (b) ta nemi daidaita fa'idodin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki na amfani da albarkatun kamun kifi na teku na gundumar tare da buƙatar kare muhallin teku daga, ko kuma haɓaka murmurewa daga tasirin irin wannan cin zarafi, (c) ta ɗauki duk wani mataki wanda a ganin hukumar ya zama dole ko kuma ya dace don ba da gudummawa ga cimma ci gaba mai ɗorewa, da kuma (d) ta nemi daidaita buƙatun mutane daban-daban da ke aiki a cikin amfani da albarkatun kamun kifi na teku a gundumar.

A ƙarƙashin sashi na 154 na Dokar Samun Gaggawa ta Ruwa da Teku ta 2009, Hukumar Kula da Kayayyakin Ruwa ta Duniya (IFCAs) dole ne ta ci gaba da manufofin kiyaye muhalli na yankunan kiyaye halittu na ruwa .

Hukumomin Yankin ne ke daukar nauyin IFCAs kuma wannan tallafin, a wani ɓangare, Defra ne ke tallafawa ta hanyar tallafin yanki na kimanin fam miliyan 3 a kowace shekara.  Tun lokacin da aka ƙirƙiri IFCAs goma a shekarar 2011, sun kasance masu alhakin sauya yadda ake gudanar da ayyukan kamun kifi a yankunan da aka kare a ruwa sakamakon "hanyar da gwamnatin Burtaniya ta gyara wajen gudanar da kamun kifi na kasuwanci a wuraren ruwa na Turai"  kuma sun gabatar da dokoki 17 don kare mafi rauni a cikin wuraren ruwa na Turai . IFCA ta Kudu ta gabatar da matakai waɗanda ke takaita Kayan Kamun Kifi na Ƙasa daga kashi 25% na Gundumar IFCA.  IFCAs kuma suna ci gaba da ɗaukar matakai don daidaita buƙatun kamun kifi na kasuwanci da na nishaɗi kuma ana ganin misalai na tsare-tsare masu tasowa a Devon da Severn IFCA.

Duk IFCA guda goma kowannensu yana da kuma yana aiki da Jiragen Ruwa na Kamun Kifi, waɗanda suka kama daga Jirgin Ruwa na Patrol na bakin teku mai tsawon mita 27 FPV Saint Piran wanda IFCA na Cornwall ke sarrafawa zuwa ƙananan jiragen ruwa masu ƙarfi da za a iya hura su. IFCAs kuma suna gudanar da jiragen ruwa na bincike, suna amfani da kyamarorin ɗaukar hoto na gefe da kyamarorin ƙarƙashin ruwa don sanar da masu gudanar da su.

A duk bayan shekaru huɗu, ana gabatar da rahoto kan yadda ake gudanar da ayyukan IFCAs ga majalisar dokokin Burtaniya . Rahoton 2014-2018 ya gano cewa IFCAs "sun nuna shugabannin gida da ake tsammani daga gare su a matsayin masu kula da doka" kuma "kuɗin da za a samu nan gaba, wanda ya haɗu da ƙarin nauyi, shi ma yana bayyana a matsayin muhimmin abu wajen isar da ayyukan IFCAs yadda ya kamata". 

Ƙungiyar Hukumomin Kamun Kifi da Kare Muhalli ta Ƙasashen Waje ce ke wakiltar IFCAs a duk faɗin ƙasar.

## Manazarta