Madeleine Damerment

**Madeleine Zoe Damerment** (11 ga Nuwamba 1917 - 13 ga Satumba 1944) ta kasance wakilin Faransa ne na kungiyar masu gudanarwa ta musamman ta Burtaniya (SOE) a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu . Manufar SOE ita ce gudanar da leken asiri, sabuntawa, da bincike a cikin ƙasashen da ikon Axis ya mamaye, musamman Nazi Jamus. Jami'an SOE sun haɗa kai da kungiyoyin adawa kuma sun ba su makamai da kayan aiki da aka saukar daga Ingila. Damerment ya fara shiga cikin layin tserewa don taimakawa 'yan saman da suka fadi su tsere daga Faransa. Ta tsere daga Faransa a watan Maris na shekara ta 1942 don kauce wa kamawa. Bayan ta isa Burtaniya, SOE ta dauki ta. Damerment ya kasance mai aikawa ga SOE's Bricklayer circuit amma Gestapo ta kama shi a ranar 29 ga Fabrairu 1944 bayan ya isa Faransa. Gestapo ta san tana zuwa saboda sun kama rediyo na SOE kuma suna karanta sakonnin rediyo na OSE. Daga baya aka kashe ta a sansanin Dachau a ranar 13 ga Satumba 1944 tare da wasu jami'an SOE mata uku.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Damerment a Tortefontaine, Sashen Pas-de-Calais, Faransa a ranar 11 ga Nuwamba 1917. Ita ce 'yar ta biyu ta Charles Damerment, jami'in gidan waya da Telegraph na Faransa. An nada mahaifinta a matsayin Postmaster a Lille na Mai kula da gidan waya na birnin. Mahaifinta ya ba ta aiki a matsayin magatakarda a Ofishin Jakadancin. Tana zaune a Lille lokacin da Jamusawa suka ci Faransa a lokacin rani na shekara ta 1940.

## Aikin lokacin yaƙi

### Layin tserewa
Bayan da Jamusawa suka mamaye Faransa, dangin Damerment sun shiga cikin juriyar Faransa. Damerment ya yi aiki a matsayin mai aika saƙo a kan Layin tserewa na Pat O'Leary (Pat Line) wanda Albert Guérisse ya kafa. Ta taimaka wa 'yan saman Burtaniya da sauransu su tsere daga Faransa zuwa Spain mai tsaka-tsaki kuma saboda haka zuwa Gibraltar ta Burtaniya ko Lisbon mai tsaka-taki, Portugal daga inda za a kai su Burtaniya. Ta taimaka wa kimanin 'yan saman Burtaniya 75 su tsere. Damerment ya yi alkawari da Roland Lepers, wani saurayi wanda ya jagoranci 'yan saman Allied da sojojin Faransa da suka tsere daga Lille zuwa Marseille, inda Pat Line ke da hedikwatar. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 1941, 'yan Jamus sun kama iyayenta. Kodayake an sake su, Damerment ya shiga karkashin kasa. Wani ma'aikacin tserewa, tsohon sojan Burtaniya mai suna Harold Cole, ya ci amanar Pat Line kuma Jamusawa sun kama mutane da yawa. Don kauce wa kamawa, Damerment ya haye iyakar ba bisa ka'ida ba zuwa Spain, ya isa Barcelona tare da kuturta a ranar 10 ga Maris 1942. Da farko ta zauna a gidan Michael Cresswell, wani jami'in diflomasiyyar Burtaniya wanda ke taimakawa masu tserewa daga Jamusawa. Spain tana ƙoƙari ta murkushe kwararar mutanen da ke tserewa daga mamayar Jamus a mafi yawan Turai kuma an kama Damerment a ranar 24 ga Afrilu kuma an tsare ta har zuwa 30 ga Mayu, lokacin da Ofishin Jakadancin Burtaniya ya tabbatar da sakin ta. Daga nan ne aka kai ta Lisbon a cikin motar Ofishin Jakadancin Burtaniya kuma Birtaniya ta kai ta Burtaniya a ranar 27 ga Yuni 1942. Mahaifiyar kuturta ta kai Burtaniya, amma ya yanke alkawarinsa da Damerment. Ta warke daga rashin lafiya a gidan ibada na Katolika kuma ta zama malamin Faransanci.  

### Babban Jami'in Ayyuka na Musamman
Kwarewar Damerment ta ɓoye tare da layin tserewa da iliminta game da Faransa ya sa ta zama kyakkyawa ga SOE, wanda ke neman ƙwararrun ma'aikata don aiki a matsayin wakilai a Faransa. An ɗauke ta aiki kuma ta ba da kanta don yin aiki tare da SOE. An ba ta sunan murfin Martine Dussautoy kuma an ba ta umurni a matsayin ensign a cikin FANY . An aika ta zuwa Scotland don horo na soja, Kyaftin Dixon-Robertson, malaminta na sigina a Inverie (STS 24), ya yanke shawarar cewa, ana ɗaukar ta adalci ne kawai don aikawa da karɓar saƙonni, ba ta dace da aiki a matsayin mai aiki mara waya. Koyaya, Kyaftin Smith ya ba da rahoton cewa, don horo na jiki, Damerment ya kasance "mai aiki tuƙuru da ƙwazo tare da ƙarfin hali mai kyau". Damerment yana da kyakkyawar fahimta game da ka'idodin yaƙi na kusa, ya yi aiki da kyau kuma yana da ƙarfi. Don aikin igiya, an ruwaito cewa tana da ƙarfin tsoka mai kyau da daidaitawa mai kyau, amma tana buƙatar ƙarin motsa jiki. Ta yi aiki sosai kuma ta nuna ƙwarewa a cikin aikin gona, kodayake ta sami bangaren ka'idoji da wahala.

Don horar da makamai, an ruwaito cewa Damerment ya inganta kuma "yanzu harbi ne mai kyau tare da bindiga da carbine, amma ba shi da ƙarfi. "  Tana da kyau sosai a fashewa da rushewa, a cikin aikin da ya dace da aiki, kamar yadda aka ruwaito cewa "mai matukar damuwa" kuma ta yi "kyakkyawan caji", kuma tana da kyau sosai wajen rubuta rahotanni, "mai kyau da hankali". Ga makirci da dabaru, an dauki Damerment a matsayin "memba mai aiki tukuru na ƙungiyar a kan dukkan makirci kuma tana da kyakkyawar ilimin dabarun da kuma asusun hankali. "  Ba ta da sha'awar aikin jirgin ruwa amma "ta yi aiki da kyau kuma ta sami ilimi mai kyau don sarrafa ƙananan jirgin ruwa da maɗaura. " 

Kyaftin Parson, Kwamandan, ya ba da rahoton:

Bayan bikin Kirsimeti (1943) da Sabuwar Shekara a Ingila, an aika Damerment zuwa Beaulieu don karatun yaƙi na ɓoye. Manjo Wedgewood, malami a House on the Shore (STS 33), ya ba da rahoton wadannan a farkon Fabrairu.

## An kama su

Cibiyar sadarwa ta Prosper, wacce ke zaune a birnin Paris, ita ce babbar hanyar sadarwa ta SOE kuma mafi muhimmanci a Faransa. Tun daga watan Yunin 1943, hedkwatar SOE a London tana da alamun cewa 'yan Jamus sun shiga Prosper da sauran hanyoyin sadarwa, rediyo sun shiga, kuma an kama yawancin ma'aikatan su. Duk da haka, SOE ta yanke shawarar aika da wakilai uku zuwa Faransa. An sanya Damerment a matsayin mai aikawa tare da cibiyar sadarwa ta Bricklayer, kuma ita da jami'an SS="cx-link" data-linkid="191" href="./France_Antelme" id="mwcA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="France Antelme">Faransa Antelme, ƙwararren jagora da mai shirya, da Lionel Lee (mai aiki mara waya) sun sauka daga wani aiki na musamman na RAF 161 Squadron Halifax zuwa wani filin kusa da birnin Chartres a daren 29 ga Fabrairu 1944.   Wakilan Sicherheitsdienst (SD), hukumar leken asiri ta SS a Paris karkashin jagorancin Manjo Josef Kieffer suna jiran su a ƙasa. An kai Damerment hedkwatar SD a Avenue Foch a Paris inda aka yi mata tambayoyi. A ranar 12 ga Mayu 1944, an tura Damerment tare da wasu jami'an SOE da aka kama zuwa gidan yarin Karlsruhe, gidan yarin farar hula na mata a Jamus, inda aka tsare su na watanni hudu. A Karlsruhe, ta kasance a cikin tantanin halitta kusa da wani wakilin SOE da aka kama, Eliane Plewman, kuma biyun sun sami damar sadarwa da juna.

## Kashewa
A ranar 12 ga watan Satumba, an tura Damerment ba zato ba tsammani zuwa sansanin fursunoni na Dachau tare da 'yan uwanta Yolande Beekman, Noor Inayat Khan da Eliane Plewman, kuma da asuba a safiyar da ta biyo baya, 13 ga watan Satumbar, Wilhelm Ruppert ya kashe mata huɗu.

Wani mutumin Gestapo mai suna Max Wassmer yana kula da jigilar fursunoni a Karlsruhe kuma ya bi mata zuwa Dachau.[1] Wani mutumin Gestapo mai suna Christian Ott ya ba da wata sanarwa ga masu binciken Amurka bayan yakin game da makomar Damerment da sahabbansa uku.[1] Ott ya kasance a Karlsruhe kuma ya ba da kansa don ya bi mata huɗu zuwa Dachau yayin da yake so ya ziyarci iyalinsa a Stuttgart a kan tafiyar dawowa.[1] Ko da yake bai kasance a wurin kisa ba, Ott ya gaya wa masu bincike abin da Wassmer ya gaya masa.

## Manazarta