Fritz Shurmur

**Leonard Frank** "**Fritz**" **'Shurmur** (15 ga Yuli, 1932 - 30 ga Agusta, 1999) ya kasance kocin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.[1] Ya yi horo a Jami'ar Wyoming daga 1962 zuwa 1974, huɗu na ƙarshe a matsayin babban koci, inda ya tattara rikodin 15-29. Daga baya Shurmur ya zama mataimakin koci a Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Ƙasa (NFL) tare da Detroit Lions (1975-1977), New England Patriots (1978-1981), Los Angeles Rams (1982-1990), Phoenix Cardinals (1991-1993), da Green Bay Packers (1994-1998). Shi ne mai kula da tsaron gida wanda ya yi nasara a Super Bowl XXXI, bayan kakar wasa ta 1996, kuma shi ne kawun tsohon kocin New York Giants (2018-2019) Pat Shurmur.  Kocin Shurmur shi ma ya rubuta littattafai da dama game da tsaro, ciki har da Coaching Team Defensive (1989), Coaching the Defensive Line (1997) da kuma The Eagle Five Linebacker Defense (1993).

## Rayuwa ta farko
An ba shi suna "Fritz" tun yana jariri bayan cocker spaniel na kakansa,  Shurmur ya girma a Wyandotte, Michigan, kudancin Detroit, tare da iyayensa da ɗan'uwansa, Joseph . Dan uwansa Pat Shurmur shine tsohon kocin New York Giants; ya kasance babban kocin Cleveland Browns daga 2011 zuwa 2012 kuma ya yi aiki a wasu mukamai na kocin tare da wasu kungiyoyin NFL, gami da wasa daya a matsayin kocin wucin gadi na Philadelphia Eagles.

Mahaifin Shurmur ma'aikacin ma'aikata ne na tsawon shekaru 49 a unguwar Detroit .  Iyayen Shurmur sau biyu sun sake ba da kuɗin gidan iyali don haka Fritz da ɗan'uwansa za su iya samun damar halartar Kwalejin Albion.

Shurmur ya fara buga ƙwallon ƙafa a Makarantar Sakandare ta Theodore Roosevelt da ke Wyandotte. Bayan kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1950, ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji a Kwalejin Albion da ke Albion, mil ɗari (kilomita 160) a yammacin Detroit. Shurmur ya buga wasa a tsakiya, ya sami lambar yabo ta All-Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MIAA), kuma an naɗa shi ɗan wasa mafi daraja a taron. A matsayin ƙarin ƙwallon ƙafa, Shurmur ya kuma buga ƙwallon baseball a Albion, inda ya sami lambar yabo ta duk taron..

## Ayyukan horarwa
Shurmur ya zama mataimakin digiri a shekara 22 a shekara ta 1954, a karkashin kocin Albion Morley Fraser . Bayan ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimi a shekarar 1956, ya zauna a Albion a matsayin mai kula da tsaro. A shekara ta 1962, Shurmur ya koma Jami'ar Wyoming a matsayin kocin tsaro a karkashin kocin shekara ta farko Lloyd Eaton, wanda aka inganta bayan tashiwar Bob Devaney zuwa Nebraska. Cowboys sun lashe lambobin WAC uku a jere (1966-1968), wanda ya hada da bayyanar Sugar Bowl bayan kakar 1967. Bayan kakar 1-9 a shekarar 1970, Eaton ya yi murabus kuma an kara Shurmur zuwa babban kocin;   yana da rikodin 15-29 (.341) a cikin yanayi hudu (1971-1974). [6][7][8]

### Ayyukan NFL
Daga 1975 zuwa 1999, Shurmur ya kasance kocin tsaro a gasar kwallon kafa ta kasa tare da kungiyoyi shida. Ya horar da Detroit Lions, New England Patriots, Los Angeles Rams, Phoenix Cardinals, Green Bay Packers, da Seattle Seahawks. Shekaru goma sha tara daga cikin waɗannan shekarun ya kasance mai kula da tsaro. Lokacinsa tare da Lions ya zo ƙarshe lokacin da aka kore shi tare da kocin Tommy Hudspeth da sauran ma'aikatan a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1978. 

A duk lokacin da yake aiki, Shurmur an san shi da yawa a matsayin sabon tunani game da tsaro. Shurmur ya girmama salon horar da shi daga takwarorinsa a cikin sana'arsa don basirar tsaro. Misali, a cikin 1992 tare da Cardinals, Shurmur dole ne ya tsara wani shiri lokacin da 'yan wasa biyu suka ji rauni. Ya haɓaka tsaron "Big Nickel", wanda ya yi amfani da baya biyar masu tsaron gida kusa da layin scrimmage don gaggauta mai wucewa ko komawa cikin ɗaukar hoto.

Shurmur ya zama mai kula da tsaron gida na Green Bay a shekarar 1994 a ƙarƙashin kocin Mike Holmgren; a kakar wasa ta uku da ya yi tare da ƙungiyar a shekarar 1996, Packers ya lashe Super Bowl XXXI a kan New England Patriots a watan Janairun 1997. Lokacin da Holmgren ya karɓi mukamai biyu na babban koci da babban manaja tare da Seattle a shekarar 1999, Shurmur ya tafi tare da shi a matsayin mai kula da tsaron gida. A watan Mayu, an gano yana da cutar kansar makogwaro da hanta; ya mutu a gidansa da ke Wisconsin a ƙarshen watan Agusta, kafin ya taɓa horar da wasa da 

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