open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Kill This Love

"Kill This Love" waƙa ce da ƙungiyar 'yan mata ta Koriya ta Kudu Blackpink ta rubuta. An sake shi a ranar 4 ga Afrilu, 2019, ta hanyar YG Entertainment da Interscope Records, a matsayin jagora guda don wasan Koriya na biyu na rukuni na wannan sunan. An saki sigar Jafananci ta hanyar Universal Music Japan a ranar 16 ga Oktoba, 2019. Teddy da Bekuh Boom ne suka rubuta shi kuma suka samar da shi tare da R. Tee da 24. An bayyana ɗayan a matsayin waƙar electropop, wanda kalmominsa ke magana game da shawarar ƴan mata na kawo ƙarshen dangantaka mai guba.

Kasuwanci, "Kill This Love" ya kai lamba ta biyu a kan Gaon Digital Chart da *[./&#x3C;i&#x20;id= Billboard]*_(magazine)" id="mwFQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard K-pop Hot 100 a Koriya ta Kudu. Waƙar ta zama rukuni na farko na rukuni na 50 a kan US  Hot 100 da UK Singles Chart, don haka kuma ta zama waƙar da ta fi girma ta mace ta K-pop a kan sigogi guda biyu. Ya kai lamba daya a kasar Malaysia da kuma Billboard World Digital Songs, kuma ya shiga sigogi na kasa a kasashe 27. An tabbatar da waƙar lu'u-lu'u biyu a Brazil, platinum a Koriya ta Kudu, Japan, Australia, Faransa, da New Zealand, da azurfa a Ingila, da sauransu.

## Ayyuka na rayuwa
Blackpink ya inganta waƙar a Shirye-shiryen kiɗa da yawa a Koriya ta Kudu ciki har da Show! Music Core da *Inkigayo* .  "Kill This Love" da sauran waƙoƙin EP guda ɗaya an yi su ne a bikin Coachella Valley Music and Arts a Indio, California a ranar 12 ga Afrilu, 2019.  An kara waƙar a cikin jerin abubuwan da aka tsara na Blackpink's In Your Area World Tour tsakanin Afrilu 2019 da ƙarshen yawon shakatawa a watan Fabrairun 2020. 

A ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2021, ƙungiyar ta yi "Kill This Love" a matsayin lambar buɗewa ta kide-kide na kama-da-wane The Show .  *Billboard* ta yaba da sake yin waƙar tare da ƙungiyar rayuwa da ke tare da su kuma ta ɗauki shi ɗaya daga cikin lokutan da suka fi dacewa a wasan kwaikwayon. Blackpink kuma ya haɗa da waƙar a cikin jerin sunayen yawon shakatawa na biyu na duniya, Born Pink World Tour (2022-2023).  A watan Afrilu da Nunin 2023, sun yi "Kill This Love" a lokacin da suka shirya wasan kwaikwayo a Coachella da BST Hyde Park a Landan.  

## Tarihin saki

## Manazarta
Monster (Waƙar BigBang)

"**Monster**" waƙa ce da ƙungiyar Koriya ta Kudu ta Big Bang ta rubuta. An sake shi a ranar 3 ga Yuni, 2012, ta YG Entertainment a matsayin guda ɗaya daga cikin sake fasalin wasan da suka yi na Alive, Still Alive . Waƙar ta rubuta ta ƙungiyar G-Dragon da T.O.P, kuma wanda ya gabata ya hada ta da Choi Pil-kang. "Monster" ya kai saman Gaon Digital Chart na Koriya ta Kudu kuma ya kai Top 10 a kan Japan Hot 100.

## Tarihi da gabatarwa
Bayan nasarar Alive, YG ta ba da sanarwar cewa za a sake shirya EP a matsayin kundi na musamman tare da ƙarin waƙoƙi kuma a sake masa suna Still Alive . An saki fitowar ta musamman da "Monster" guda ɗaya, a ranar 3 ga watan Yuni, 2012. An saki bidiyon kiɗa na yau da kullun daga Mayu 25 har zuwa ranar da za a saki waƙar. 

An harbe bidiyon kiɗa a cikin sikelin blockbuster tare da haɗin gwiwar Hyundai Card,  tare da amfani da tasirin na musamman wanda "ya ɗauki kimanin wata ɗaya don kammalawa".  BigBang da Hyundai Card sun fara aikin da ake kira "Re-Monster" don inganta bidiyon kiɗa, da nufin ba da dama ga ƙungiyoyin Indiya don sake fassara waƙar. An ɗora sabbin waƙoƙin da aka sake bayyanawa a Katin Hyundai Music, inda aka yi musu shari'a kuma masu kiɗa masu cin nasara za su sami damar fitar da guda ɗaya na dijital.

An haɗa waƙar Jafananci a cikin kundin studio na Jafananci Alive da kuma mafi kyawun kundin The Best of Big Bang 2006-2014. An inganta wannan sigar a cikin shirin talabijin na Music Japan, wanda shine kawai wasan kwaikwayo na kai tsaye a talabijin.

G-Dragon ne ya ƙirƙiro shi kuma rapper din ya rubuta shi tare da Choi Pil-kang, tare da Ƙarya sassan rap da T.O.P ya rubuta,  "Monster" an bayyana shi a matsayin "fassarar zamani na ƙarshen 2000s bakin ciki, farin ciki" waƙoƙin BigBang, kamar "Lies" da "Haru Haru".  An lura da kayan aikin don yin rikici da "melody mai tausayi game da orchestral cacophonies"  da kuma yin watsi da "mace-rikice" 

Mujallar *Billboard* mai suna "Monster" BigBang ta takwas mafi kyau song, an rubuta cewa waƙar ta nuna kungiyar "a mafi ban mamaki" kuma cewa "sneaking, m intro da outro refrains daga T.O.P da G-Dragon" sun samar da waƙar "cikakken taɓawa na tsoro".  *Chicago Sun-Times* kuma ya kira shi a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi kyawun waƙoƙin ƙungiyar, yana mai cewa ya tabbatar da "suna iya yin upbeat songs tare da zuciya".

Waƙar ta fara ne a lamba ta daya a kan Gaon Digital Chart kuma ta sayar da dijital 757,501 a cikin makon farko. A mako na biyu, ɗayan ya sauka zuwa lamba ta uku, yana sayar da sauke dijital 286,386 kuma ana yawo sau 2,618,701. "Monster" ya sauka a lamba na goma sha huɗu a ƙarshen shekara Gaon Digital Chart, tare da saukewa sama da miliyan 2.3, yana mai da shi waƙar da aka fi siyarwa ta 20 a shekarar 2012.

## Sayarwa

## Tarihin saki

## Manazarta
Limin Peng

**Liming Peng** masanin kimiyyar halittu ne na kasar Sin wanda ke aiki a matsayin farfesa a fannin kimiyyar rayuwa da kimiyyar halitta a Makarantar Lafiya ta Rollins,  inda take da alaƙa da Cibiyar Ciwon daji ta Winship.  Batutuwan bincikenta na kididdigar sun haɗa da nazarin rayuwa, koma baya, da ƙididdigar da ba ta dace ba; tana amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin don nazarin cututtukan da suka shafi Ciwon sukari da Cystic fibrosis. 

## Ilimi da aiki
Peng ya sami digiri na biyu a cikin Ƙa'idar yiwuwar da ƙididdigar lissafi daga Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta kasar Sin. Ta kammala Ph.D. a Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison a shekara ta 2005. Rubuce-rubucen ta, Contributions to Semi-Competing Risks Data, Rick Chappell da Jason Fine ne suka hada kai.

Peng ya shiga Emory a matsayin Mataimakin Farfesa na Rollins a shekara ta 2005. A Emory, ta kasance mai haɗin gwiwa na dogon lokaci kuma mai yawa tare da wasu mata biyu a cikin biostatistics, Amita Manatunga da Ying Guo .

## Sanarwa
An zabi Peng a matsayin Fellow na Ƙungiyar Ƙididdigar Amirka a cikin 2016.  A shekara ta 2017, ta lashe lambar yabo ta Mortimer Spiegelman na Ƙungiyar Lafiya ta Jama'a ta Amurka. An sanya mata suna a cikin aji na 2022 na Fellows na Cibiyar Nazarin Lissafi, don "matsayi da gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga tsarin ƙididdigar don nazarin rayuwa, koma baya, da ƙididdigat mai girma, da kuma sabis na ƙwararru".

## Manazarta
Still Life (Waƙar BigBang)

"**Still Life**" Koriya: 봄여름가을겨울; Rr: bam Yoreul Gyeul Gyeoul; lit. "Spring rani yakan faɗi hunturu") waƙa ne ta hanyar Band Band Bigbang. An sake shi ta hanyar yg fararen a ranar 5 ga Afrilu, 2022, da za a yi hidima a matsayin saki na farko a cikin shekaru hudu a shekara ta 2018, da kuma sakin fure a shekara ta biyar.

"Still Life" ya sami nasarar kasuwanci, ya hau kan sigogi a yankuna da yawa a lokacin da aka saki shi ciki har da Koriya ta Kudu, Vietnam, Singapore, Hong Kong da Malaysia. Ya fara ne a cikin manyan goma a kan  Global 200 a lamba tara, yana mai da BigBang kawai rukuni na uku na K-pop don yin hakan tun lokacin da aka fara ginshiƙi a cikin 2020.

## Tarihi da saki
T.O.P shine memba na farko na BigBang da ya shiga aikinsa na shekaru biyu bisa ga buƙatun aikin soja na Koriya ta Kudu a watan Fabrairun 2017.  Sauran mambobi hudu sun ci gaba da gabatar da rukuni ba tare da shi ba, suna gudanar da kide-kide da yawa a kasashe daban-daban har zuwa Disamba. A cikin 2018, membobin G-Dragon, Taeyang da Daesung sun fara shiga soja, don haka suna sanya ayyukan rukuni a kan hutu. An saki "Flower Road" na dijital a watan Maris na shekara ta 2018 a matsayin kyauta da gaisuwa daga ƙungiyar ga magoya bayanta a gaban dogon hutu, yayin da membobin ƙungiyar suka kammala aikin soja na tilas.

Mutumin na biyar na ƙungiyar, Seungri, an fara saita shi ne don shiga a ranar 25 ga Maris, 2019. A ranar 11 ga watan Maris, duk da haka, Seungri ya sanar da ficewarsa daga kungiyar da kuma ritaya daga masana'antar nishaɗi saboda jayayya game da sa hannu a cikin abin kunya na Burning Sun. Sauran mambobin ƙungiyar an sallame su daga soja a lokacin sauran shekara. A watan Maris na 2020, duk da rahotanni da ke ba da shawarar in ba haka ba, duk mambobi huɗu sun sabunta kwangilarsu tare da YG Entertainment kuma suna shirin dawowa, wanda daga ƙarshe ya jinkirta saboda annobar COVID-19. A ranar 21 ga Maris, 2022, lokacin gida, YG ta tabbatar da cewa kungiyar za ta dawo tare da sabon waka a ranar 5 ga Afrilu, 2022;   an bayyana taken waƙar "Still Life" bayan kwana uku."Still Life" an sanya shi cikin mafi kyawun waƙoƙin 2022 ta Slant Magazine (27),  Rolling Stone (73),  da Time Out (12),  da kuma ɗayan mafi kyawun waƙar K-pop na shekara ta *Billboard* (3)  da *Nailon*. 

Bayan da aka saki shi, "Still Life" ya hau kan dukkan sigogi na kiɗa na cikin gida na Koriya ta Kudu kuma ya hau kan sigogi na ainihi a manyan shafukan watsa kiɗa a China da Japan. Waƙar ta fara ne a lamba daya a kan Gaon Digital Chart na Koriya ta Kudu a cikin fitowar ginshiƙi mai kwanan wata 3-9, 2022;  a kan sassanta, waƙar kuma ta fara ne da lamba daya a Gaon Download Chart, Gaon Streaming Chart, da Gaon BGM Chart.  "Still Life" ya kasance a saman Digital Chart na makonni uku da ba a jere ba. Bugu da kari, ya kasance a lamba daya a kan Streaming Chart na makonni biyar a jere. A kan *Billboard* K-pop Hot 100, waƙar ta fara ne a lamba ta biyu a cikin fitowar ginshiƙi mai kwanan wata 16 ga Afrilu, 2022,  ta hau zuwa lamba ɗaya a cikin mako mai zuwa. 

## Tarihin saki

## Manazarta
Mutanen Gabon a Faransa

**Mutanen Gabon a [[Faransa]]** sun ƙunshi baƙin haure daga Gabon da zuriyarsu da ke zaune da aiki a Faransa.

## Tarihi
Bakin haure na farko na Gabon a Faransa sun zo ne a cikin shekarun 1970, kamar sauran bakin haure daga Afirka ta Tsakiya, wasu shekaru bayan guguwar baƙin haure na farko daga Black Africa (Senegal Valley) a Faransa.  Akwai karin bakin haure a Faransa daga kasashen da ke makwabtaka da Gabon kamar DR Congo (tsohuwar Zaire ), Kongo da Kamaru .

## Duba kuma

* Dangantakar Faransa da Gabon

## Manazarta
'Yan Ghana a Faransa

'Yan Ghana a Faransa sun ƙunshi 'yan Ghana mazauna Faransa da zuriyarsu da ke zaune da aiki a Faransa.

## Tarihi
Baƙi 'yan Ghana a Faransa rukuni ne na bakin haure na baya-bayan nan.  Ko da akwai wasu 'yan Ghana kafin 2000s, ba a bayyane suke ba, suna cikin babban al'ummar Afirka a Faransa (waɗanda galibi sun ƙunshi ƴan Afirka na francophone). Duk da haka, wannan al'umma ta kara yawa. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

== Rarrabawa ==
Akwai 'yan [[Ghana]] a cikin banlieues (wasan bayan gari) na [[Faris|Paris]], amma kuma a Alsace saboda yanki ne da ke kusa da [[Jamus]], ƙasa mai ƙaƙƙarfan al'ummar [[Ghana]]. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

## Manazarta
Hutun makaranta na Faransa

**Hutu na makaranta na [[Faransa]]** shine lokutan da makarantu a Faransa da duk ɗaliban da ke cikin su, suna hutu. Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta kayyade ranakun a cikin ƙasa har na tsawon shekaru uku. Ana ba da ranakun hutu a matsayin ranar Asabar “bayan azuzuwa”, saboda wasu makarantu suna da darasi a safiyar Asabar, kuma suna dawowa da safiyar Litinin.

Ƙayyadaddun kwanakin na iya haifar da cunkoson jama'a a wuraren shakatawa irin su tekun Bahar Rum da wuraren shakatawa na ski, da hauhawar farashin da matsalolin samuwa a cikin tafiye-tafiye da wuraren kwana. Don magance wannan matsalar, an karkasa jadawalin hutu na lokacin “hunturu” da na “ bazara” a watan Fabrairu da Afrilu, bi da bi, ta hanyar raba ƙasar zuwa shiyya uku. Duk da haka, jadawalin hutun makaranta da aka daidaita har yanzu yana haifar da cunkoson jama'a yayin da iyalai ke zuwa wuraren hutun da suka shahara, musamman a lokacin rani a farkon da ƙarshen watanni a watan Yuli da Agusta lokacin da cunkoson ababen hawa ke zama fasalin labarai na yau da kullun.

## Rarraba bukukuwa

### Hutun bazara
Hutu na rani bisa hukuma yana farawa a farkon Yuli  ga duk makarantun jiha da duk ɗalibai, ko wane irin shekarunsu ko nau'in makaranta ya fara sabuwar shekara ta makaranta a farkon Satumba. Malamai suna dawowa a ranar 1 ga Satumba, ɗalibai yawanci a ranar 2 ga Satumba, amma hakan na iya bambanta dangane da yadda ƙarshen mako yake faɗuwa.

### All Saints holidays
Dukan bukukuwan waliyyai suna farawa a ƙarshen ƙarshen Oktoba kafin 1 ga Nuwamba kuma makonni biyu da suka wuce tun 2012 (kafin ya yi sati ɗaya da rabi).

### bukukuwan Kirsimeti
Bukukuwan Kirsimeti sun wuce makonni biyu da suka hada da Kirsimeti da Sabuwar Shekara. Kullum suna cika makonni.

## Duba kuma

* Hutun makaranta

## Manazarta
Mata masu haɗin kai

**** ( , "Mata a haɗin kai") ƙungiya ce ta Faransanci ta mata a Faransa, wadda aka kafa a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu a karkashin sunan **Union des femmes françaises** (UFF). Kungiyar tana aiki ne don kare da ci gaban 'yancin mata, daidaiton jinsi, ƙungiyoyi masu sassaucin ra'ayi da haɗin kai na kasa da kasa.

## Asalin karkashin kasa
Asalin ƙungiyar ya koma kusan 1941, a cikin kwamitocin mata na Resistance Faransa, waɗanda aka haifa daga cikin kwamitocin Resistance na ƙasa wanda Danielle Casanova ya kirkira.  Wadannan kwamitocin mata sun yi tasiri a hankali a matakin kananan hukumomi, sannan a matakin yanki da na yankuna. An sake tattara su a cikin Union des femmes françaises a cikin zone occupée da Union des femmes de France a zone libre . Shugabannin su ne , sannan Maria Rabaté na yankin arewa, bayan kama Danielle Casanova da Marcelle Barjonet.  da Simone Bertrand  a cikin  .  An ƙarfafa UFF a kusa da 1943 a cikin gwagwarmayar gwagwarmayar gurguzu a lokacin mamayar Faransa da Nazi Jamus . Wannan ƙungiyar ta ɗauki lokaci mai tsawo kafin ta kafa kanta, musamman saboda kama membobinta da Nazis ko kuma da gwamnatin Vichy suka yi . 

A cikin Afrilu 1944, Francs-Tireurs et Partisans sun nemi UFF don taimako don shiga ayyukan taimakonta a matsayin ƙungiyar leƙen asiri, a matsayin haɗin gwiwa ko kulawa. Kwamitin gudanarwa wanda ya ƙunshi Yvonne Dumont [fr], Françoise Leclercq [fr], Irène Joliot-Curie, da Eugénie Cotton sun hadu a ranar 11 ga Yuni don kimanta wannan tsari. UFF ta zama wani yunkuri na kasa baki daya, wanda daga bisani ya nemi Majalisar Resistance ta kasa don amincewa. [1] [ shafi ake bukata ]

## Manazarta
Mata a Faransa

**Feminism a Faransa** shine tarihin tunanin mata da motsi a Faransa . Ƙaunar mata a Faransa za a iya raba kusan raƙuman ruwa guda uku: Na farko na mata daga juyin juya halin Faransa zuwa jamhuriya ta uku wadda ta shafi zaɓe da yancin ɗan adam ga mata. Mahimman gudunmawar sun fito ne daga ƙungiyoyin juyin juya hali na juyin juya halin Faransa na 1848 da Paris Commune, wanda ya ƙare a shekarata 1944 lokacin da mata suka sami 'yancin kada kuri'a.

Ƙaunar mata ta biyu ta fara ne a cikin 1940s a matsayin sake fasalin matsayin mata a cikin al'umma, tare da daidaita rashin kula da mata a cikin al'umma duk da matsayinsu na siyasa daidai da maza. Majagaba da masana ilimin tunani irin su Simone de Beauvoir suka yi, mace ta biyu ta kasance muhimmin halin yanzu a cikin rudanin zamantakewa wanda ya kai ga kuma biyo bayan abubuwan da suka faru a watan Mayu 1968 a Faransa . Manufofin siyasa sun haɗa da ba da garantin ƙara cin gashin kai ga mata ta hanyar samun damar zubar da ciki da hana haihuwa .

Nauyin mata na uku tun daga shekarun 2000 yana ci gaba da gadon igiyar ruwa ta biyu yayin da yake ƙara abubuwan da suka shafi mata bayan mulkin mallaka, suna fuskantar yancin mata tare da sauran jawabai masu gudana, musamman waɗanda ke kewaye da wariyar launin fata .

## Duba kuma

* Zubar da ciki a Faransa
* Ecriture feminine
* *[[Mata masu haɗin kai|Mata masu hadin kai]]*
* Faransa structuralist mata
* Tarihin Hagu a Faransa
* Hakkin LGBT a Faransa
* Zanga-zangar 1968
* Jiha na mata
* Marie-Laure Sauty de Chalon.
* Mata a Majalisar Dokokin Faransa.
* Rashin daidaiton jinsi a Faransa.

## Manazarta
Hutun jama'a a Ireland

**An kafa bukukuwan jama'a a [[Ireland]] a cikin dokar doka,** kuma a halin yanzu ana kiyaye bukukuwan jama'a goma kowace shekara. [1] Hutu na jama'a a Ireland (kamar yadda ake yi a wasu ƙasashe) na iya tunawa da wata rana ta musamman ko wani taron, kamar ranar Saint Patrick ko ranar Kirsimeti . A ranakun hutu, yawancin kasuwanci da makarantu suna rufe. Sauran ayyuka, misali, sufurin jama'a, har yanzu suna aiki amma galibi tare da raguwar jadawalin.

|}
Bugu da ƙari, akwai hutun banki guda biyu a Ireland kowace shekara:

## Bayani
Hutu na jama'a a Ireland galibi ana kiranta da baki a matsayin hutun banki . Koyaya, wannan ba daidai ba ne a fasahance saboda bukukuwan banki ba su da kama da na jama'a, tare da rufe bankunan a ranar Juma'a mai kyau da 27 ga Disamba. 

Inda hutun jama'a ya faɗo a ranar Asabar ko Lahadi, ko kuma ya zo daidai da wani hutun jama'a, ana kiyaye shi (a matsayin ranar hutu) a ranar mako mai zuwa, duk da cewa ranar hutun ba ta motsa ba. Yawancin ma'aikata suna da damar biyan hutun hutun jama'a.  Idan ma'aikaci ya cancanci fa'idar hutun jama'a, suna da haƙƙin ɗaya daga cikin masu zuwa: ranar da aka biya a ranar hutun jama'a, ƙarin ranar hutun shekara-shekara, ƙarin albashin rana; ko kuma ranar hutu a cikin wata guda na ranar hutun jama'a.

## Manazarta
Whatta Man (waƙar I.O.I)

**Whatta Man" (**wanda aka fi sani da " man (Good Man) ") waƙar ce da aka rubuta ta ƙungiyar 'yan Yaɗa ta Koriya ta Kudu I.O.I. Waƙar ta samo asali ne daga waƙar 1968 "What a Man" ta Linda Lyndell . An saki waƙar a matsayin kundi guda ɗaya ta ƙungiyar farko ta ƙungiyar, tare da membobin Nayoung, Chungha, Kyulkyung, Sohye, Yoojung, Doyeon da Somi. An sake shi azaman sauke dijital ta YMC Entertainment kuma LOEN Entertainment ta rarraba shi a ranar 9 ga watan Agusta, 2016 kuma a matsayin guda na zahiri a ranar 11 ga watan Agustan. Nikki Flores, Phillip Bentley, da Seo Jeonga ne suka rubuta kalmomin kuma Emile Ghantous, Steve Daly, Keith Hetrick, Ryan S. Jhun, Michel Schulz, da Fritz Michallik ne suka kirkiro waƙoƙin,Whatta tare da ƙarin muryoyin baya daga Nikki Flores da Melanie Fontana. Choreography don waƙar ya samo asali ne daga memba Chungha .  Don inganta kundin guda ɗaya, ƙungiyar I.O.I ta yi waƙar a Shirye-shiryen kiɗa da yawa na Koriya ta Kudu, gami da M Countdown da Bankin Kiɗa. An kuma saki bidiyon kiɗa don waƙar taken a ranar 9 ga watan Agusta.

Kundin guda ɗaya ya kasance nasarar kasuwanci wanda ya kai lamba 2 a kan Gaon Digital Chart da kuma Gaon Album Chart, don dijital (daidaitawa da yawo) da tallace-tallace na jiki bi da bi. Ya sayar da fiye da 64,922 na zahiri da 368,469 na dijital har zuwa Satumba 2016. Kundin guda ɗaya ya sayar da kwafin jiki 69,076 a cikin 2016.

## Ayyukan kasuwanci
Whatta Man ya shiga kuma ya kai lamba ta 2 a kan Gaon Album Chart a kan fitowar ginshiƙi mai kwanan wata 7-13, 2016 don tallace-tallace na jiki na kundi ɗaya. A cikin mako na biyu, an sanya kundin a lamba 4 a kan ginshiƙi. A cikin mako na uku, kundin ya fadi zuwa lamba 9, ya kasance a cikin Top 10 na ginshiƙi. A cikin mako na huɗu, kundin ya faɗi zuwa lamba 33, wuri mafi ƙasƙanci tun farkon.

Kundin ya shiga lamba ta 4 a kan Gaon Album Chart na watan Agusta 2016 tare da 61,632 na zahiri da aka sayar.

Kundin guda ɗaya da aka sanya a lamba 41 a kan Gaon Album Chart don ƙarshen shekara 2016 tare da 69,076 na jiki da aka sayar.

"Whatta Man" ya shiga kuma ya kai lamba ta 2 a kan Gaon Digital Chart a kan fitowar ginshiƙi mai kwanan wata 7-13, 2016 tare da saukewa 128,760 da aka sayar da kuma rafi 2,752,097.   A cikin mako na biyu, waƙar ta fadi zuwa lamba 5 tare da saukewa 67,712 da aka sayar da kuma rafi 2,516,434.    A cikin mako na uku, waƙar ta fadi zuwa lamba 16 tare da saukewa 45,357 da aka sayar da kuma rafi 2,516,434. A cikin mako na huɗu, waƙar ta faɗi zuwa lamba 24, kasancewar a karo na farko tun lokacin da aka saki daga Top 20.

Waƙar ta shiga lamba ta 9 a kan Gaon Digital Chart na watan Agusta 2016 tare da saukewa 261,320 da aka sayar da koguna 1,744,207.  

## Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa

### Kyaututtuka na shirin kiɗa

## Tarihin saki

## Manazarta
Guineans a Faransa

**Mutanen Guinea a [[Faransa]]** sun ƙunshi baƙin haure daga Guinea da zuriyarsu da ke zaune da aiki a Faransa.

## Tarihi
A cikin shekarun 1960, baƙar fata 'yan Afirka sun fara ƙaura zuwa Faransa da yawa. Wadannan bakin hauren galibi sun fito ne daga kwarin Senegal ( Senegal, Mali, Mauritania, Guinea ) kuma sun kunshi ma'aikata maza ne.  A cikin 1970s, yawan mutanen Guinea a Faransa sun ninka fiye da ninki biyu saboda dokokin shige da fice da ke ba da izinin haɗuwa da dangi. Ci gaban wannan yawan jama'a ya ragu sosai a cikin 1990s, amma ya karu a cikin karni na 21, tare da baƙi a yanzu suna ƙara zama a wajen Île-de-Faransa a birane kamar Lyon ko Marseille.

## Fitattun mutane

* Black M, rapper
* Paul Pogba, dan wasan kwallon kafa
* MHD, rapper
* Diaryatou Bah, mai fafutuka
* Tidjan Keita (an haife shi a shekara ta 1996), ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando na Faransa-Guinea a gasar firimiya ta Kwando ta Isra'ila.
* Richard Soumah, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa

## Manazarta
Manufofin harshe a Faransa

Faransa tana da harshe ɗaya na hukuma, harshen Faransanci . Gwamnatin Faransa ba ta tsara zaɓin yare a cikin littattafan ɗaiɗaikun mutane, amma doka ta buƙaci amfani da Faransanci a cikin sadarwar kasuwanci da wurin aiki. Baya ga ba da umarnin yin amfani da Faransanci a cikin yankin Jamhuriyar, gwamnatin Faransa tana ƙoƙarin haɓaka Faransanci a cikin Tarayyar Turai da ma duniya baki ɗaya ta hanyar cibiyoyi irin su La Francophonie . Barazana da ake gani daga Anglicisation ya haifar da yunƙurin kiyaye matsayin harshen Faransanci a Faransa. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ]

Bayan Faransanci, akwai wasu yarukan ƴan tsiraru da yawa na Faransanci, duka a cikin Faransanci na Turai, a cikin Faransanci, da kuma a cikin Faransanci na ketare . Ana gane waɗannan harsuna ta hanyar sashe na 75-1 na kundin tsarin mulkin Faransa .  Rahoton 1999  da aka rubuta wa gwamnatin Faransa ta hanyar Bernard Cerquiglini ya gano harsuna 75 (ciki har da takwas kawai a cikin nahiyar Faransa daidai) waɗanda za su cancanci amincewa su ne gwamnati don amincewa da Yarjejeniya ta Turai don Yankunan Yanki ko Harsunan Ƙananan Ƙananan (a halin yanzu an sanya hannu amma ba a amince da su ba).

## Tarihi
Dokar Villers-Cotterêts ta 1539 ta sanya Faransanci ya zama harshen gudanarwa na masarautar Faransa don takaddun doka da dokoki. A baya can, an rubuta takardun hukuma a cikin Latin na da, wanda shine harshen da Cocin Roman Katolika ke amfani da shi. Duk da haka, masana tarihi suna muhawara kan ko dokar ta yi nufin kawar da Latin kawai, ko duka Latin da yarukan yanki. Dokar ta yi kira da a yi amfani da *harshen Faransanci François* ( yaren Faransanci), kodayake dokokin sarauta na baya sun ayyana *François* (Faransa na Sarki) da *yaren maternel* (vernacular) a matsayin daban kuma daban. Duk da haka, yawancin larduna sun koma amfani da Faransanci na Sarki a shekara ta 1539, ban da Navarre da Roussillon waɗanda suka ci gaba da amfani da Gascon da Catalan bi da bi. 

### Karatun Faransanci
 an kafa shi a cikin 1635 don yin aiki a matsayin ikon hukuma akan amfani, ƙamus, da nahawu na yaren Faransanci, da buga ƙamus na harshen Faransanci na hukuma . Shawarwarinsa duk da haka ba su da ikon doka kuma wasu lokuta ma hukumomin gwamnati ba su kula da su. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan Cibiyar Nazarin ta yi ƙoƙarin hana Anglicisation na Faransanci. 

### Juyin juya halin Faransa
Kafin juyin juya halin Faransa na 1789, sarakunan Faransa ba su da wani matsayi mai ƙarfi a kan harshen da al'ummominsu ke magana. To sai dai kuma wajen share tsoffin larduna da majalisun dokoki da kuma dokoki, juyin juya halin Musulunci ya karfafa tsarin tafiyar da mulki bai daya a fadin jihar. Da farko, masu juyin juya hali sun ayyana 'yancin walwala ga dukkan 'yan Jamhuriyar; An yi watsi da wannan manufar daga baya don goyon bayan shigar da harshen gama gari wanda zai kawar da sauran harsunan Faransa. An ga wasu harsuna a matsayin sanya talakawan manoma cikin duhu . &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Manazarta
Mutanen Madagascar a Faransa

Mutanen Malagasy a Faransa sun ƙunshi baƙi daga Madagascar da zuriyarsu da ke zaune da aiki a Faransa.

## Tarihi
Guguwar farko ta bakin haure daga Madagaska da suka shigo Faransa sojoji ne da aka dauka a matsayin sojojin mulkin mallaka a cikin sojojin Faransa don yaki a yakin duniya . Bayan 1947, wasu daliban Malagasy masu kishin kasa sun zo karatu a sassan Turai da Asiya  An fara tashin bakin haure na biyu a 1975, saboda rashin zaman lafiya a Madagascar .  Taguwar ruwa ta uku, wadda ta fara a cikin 1990s, ta ƙunshi galibin baƙin haure . 

## Fitattun mutane

* Tesah Andrianjafitrimo
* Franck Béria
* Enzo Bovis
* Jérémy Morel
* OBOY
* Jean-Jacques Razafindranazy
* Nicolas Senzemba
* Shurik'n
* Benoit Tremoulina
* Ludovic Ajorque
* Yoel Armougom
* Romain Métanire
* Jain

## Duba kuma

## Manazarta
'Yan Mali a Faransa

Maliwa a Faransa ( Faransanci : Maliens en Faransa ) mutanen Mali ne da ke zaune a Faransa. Suna daya daga cikin gungun ' yan kasashen waje da dama da ke wakilta a Faransa sakamakon mulkin mallaka na Faransa .

Kasancewar Mali a Faransa ya samo asali ne tun a tsakiyar shekarun 1900 lokacin da Mali ke mulkin mallaka na Faransa.  'Yan Mali da yawa sun yi hijira daga yankin kogin Senegal da kuma daga yankin Kayes mai fama da matsalar tattalin arziki a kudancin Mali.   Ma'aikata daga Mali za su yi tafiya zuwa Faransa a ƙarƙashin tsarin ƙaura mai suna *noria*, suna zama a Faransa na wasu shekaru kafin su koma gida, ko da yake wannan tsarin ya rushe saboda rufe iyakokin Faransa a 1974 wanda ya sa yawancin ma'aikata 'yan ci-rani suka yi zama na dogon lokaci a Faransa.  Baƙi 'yan Mali a Faransa suna aika kuɗi zuwa gida da ƙirƙirar asusun haɗin kai na ƙauye waɗanda ke saka hannun jari a ginin masallatai, makarantu, cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya, da sauran abubuwan more rayuwa da ake buƙata a Mali.  

Adadin 'yan Mali a Faransa ya ci gaba da dawwama. A cikin 2023, 'yan kasar Mali 150,000 sun yi rajista a hukumance tare da karamin ofishin jakadancin Faransa na kasarsu, tare da yuwuwar adadin masu yawa idan an hada baki da ba su da takardun izini, 'yan kasar hadin gwiwa, da na Mali na biyu da na uku.   Mali a Faransa sau da yawa suna mamaye gidaje masu cunkoso a kusa da Paris, an tsara su zuwa dakuna da benaye ta hanyar ƙauyen asali, musamman a Montreuil, Seine-Saint-Denis .  Ministocin Mali da ke ziyara a Paris ba kasafai suke rasa damar ziyartar gidan Bara da ke Montreuil, cibiyar siyasa mai tarihi ta 'yan kasashen waje na Mali. 

## Kalubale
Manufar shige da fice ta Faransa na zama ƙalubale ga 'yan Mali a Faransa. A shekara ta 2005, tashin hankali ya kaure bayan da aka yi tashin gobara a cunkoson gidaje da otal-otal na birnin Paris, inda aka kashe bakin haure 'yan Afirka kusan 50, wadanda akasarinsu kananan yara ne kuma da yawa daga cikinsu sun fito ne daga kasar Mali.  Hukumomin Paris sun mayar da martani ta hanyar kara korar kora daga gidaje marasa inganci, lamarin da ya fusata da yawa daga cikin al'ummar Mali da aka yankewa hukuncin cewa gobarar ta kone kurmus .  A ranar 22 ga Mayu 2006, a lokacin - Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida Nicolas Sarkozy ya ziyarci Bamako don tattauna sabbin takunkumin shige da fice; Yawancin 'yan kasar Mali masu neman aiki sun fara ƙaura zuwa Amurka.  'Yan Mali a Faransa kuma suna cikin damuwa da tashin hankali a cikin gida, ciki har da masu tayar da kayar baya da kuma matsalar tattalin arziki. 

## Manazarta
**Bayanan kula**
Mauritanians a Faransa

Mauritaniya a Faransa sun ƙunshi baƙi daga Mauritania da zuriyarsu da ke zaune da aiki a Faransa. Bahaushe ne daga Maghreb a Faransa.

## Tarihi
Guguwar bakin haure 'yan kasar Mauritania ya fara ne a shekarun 1960. Ma'aikata maza da yawa sun zo Faransa, matansu da 'ya'yansu suka biyo baya bisa bukatar Faransanci. Dubban 'yan Mauritaniya sun zo Faransa don yin aiki a masana'antar kera motoci. Amma, wannan guguwar bakin haure ta tsaya a shekarun 1980, saboda taurin kai na manufofin shige da fice a Faransa. 

## Fitattun mutane

* Omar Sy, actor
* Mokobe, singer
* Karim Miske, mai shirya fim
* Mounir Chouiar, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa
* Omaré Gassama, dan kwallon kafa

## Manazarta
Mauritanian diaspora a Faransa

Mauritius ƴan ƙasashen waje a Faransa ƴan ƙasar Faransa ne waɗanda suke da asalin ƙasar Mauritius, ko kuma waɗanda aka haifa a Mauritius . Ko da yake saboda kwanciyar hankalinta na tattalin arziki, Ostiraliya, New Zealand, United Kingdom da Ireland sune manyan masu karɓar ƙaura daga Mauritius; Mauritius wani bangare ne na Commonwealth of Nations.

## Fitattun mutane

* Nathacha Appanah, marubucin Faransa
* Lindsay Rose, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Faransa
* Kévin Bru, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Faransa
* Jonathan Bru, dan kwallon Faransa
* Michael Bosqui, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Faransa
* Enzo Couacaud, ɗan wasan tennis na Faransa
* Vikash Dhorasoo, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Faransa
* Angelo Gopée, Shugaba na Live Nation Faransa
* Ethann Isidore, ɗan wasan Faransa
* Gustave Kervern, ɗan wasan Faransa kuma darekta
* JMG Le Cléziop, marubucin Faransa
* Joël de Rosnay, masanin kimiyyar Faransa
* Prisca Thévenot, 'yar siyasar Faransa
* Jérémy Villeneuve, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Faransa
* Jonathan Justin, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Faransa
* Arassen Ragaven, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Faransa
* Sébastien Monier, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Faransa
* Wesley Saïd, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Faransa
* Rosario Latouchent, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Faransa
* Jean-Raymond Boulle, Ma'adinai Magnate, Ma'aikacin Tsaro
* Adam Siao Him Fa, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Faransa

## Duba kuma
 

* Mauritius
* Mauritius diaspora a cikin United Kingdom
* Mauritius Australiya
* Alix d'Unienville, wakilin sirri

## Bayanan kula

## Manazarta
Jirgin sama na Mexico Flight 111

Jirgin Aeroméxico Flight 111 jirgin kasuwanci ne da aka tsara daga Tijuana zuwa Acapulco tare da tsayawa a Mazatlán, Guadalajara, da Mexico City. A ranar 2 ga Yuni, 1958, Lockheed L-749 Constellation da ke aiki da jirgin ya fadi a kusa da Guadalajara inda ya kashe dukkan mazauna 46.

## Hadari
Jirgin ya kasance injiniya huɗu (matsayi huɗu) Lockheed Constellation tare da lambar rajista XA-MEV, mallakar Aeronaves de México, yanzu Aeroméxico. Bayan ya tashi daga Filin Jirgin Sama Guadalajara a karfe 21:53 na lokacin gida, ya fadi a cikin Cerro Latillas, wani tudu a cikin garin Tlajomulco na Zúñiga, a karfe 22:06. Jirgin ya ɗauki fasinjoji 39 da ma'aikata bakwai. Dukansu sun mutu.

### Fasinjoji
Fasinjojin sun hada da:

* José Luis Arregui Zepeda, ɗan'uwan injiniyan farar hula Felipe ArreguiZepeda, wanda ya gina Estadio Jalisco a nan gaba,  wanda Bankin Zamora da Compañía General de Aceptaciones de Monterrey suka ba da kuɗi
* Dionisio Fernández Sahagún, wanda ya kafa Jami'ar Autonoma ta Guadalajara (UAG)   kuma mahaifin ɗan jarida José Antonio Fernández Salazar (1 ga Fabrairu 1956 - 5 ga Satumba 2018) 
* Masanin ilimin teku na Amurka Townsend Cromwell (Boston, Massachusetts, 3 ga Nuwamba 1922 - Tlajomulco na Zúñiga, Jalisco, 2 ga Yuni 1958) 
* Masanin kimiyya na Amurka Bell M. Shimada (Seattle, Washington, 17 Janairu 1922 - Tlajomulco de Zúñiga, Jalisco, 2 Yuni 1958).

Biyu na ƙarshe suna kan hanyar zuwa Acapulco don shiga cikin Scottish Expedition da ke nazarin hanyoyin Tekun Pacific, dangane da Shekarar Geophysical ta Duniya ta 1957-1958.

Direban jirgi da mataimakin matukin jirgi: Kyaftin Alfonso Ceceña Gastélum da Roberto Herrera, bi da bi.

A wurin da hatsarin ya faru, mazauna yankin sun yi fashi.

## Dalilan da suka haifar
Yanayin yanayi ba shi da kyau, tare da ruwan sama mai yawa, amma dalilin hadarin shine gazawar inji na jirgin sama mai injiniya huɗu.

## Duba kuma

* Hadarin jirgin sama

## Manazarta
Kudancin Atlantic High

**Kudancin Atlantic High** babban matsin lamba ne na dindindin wanda ke tsakiya a kusan 25 ° S, 15 ° W, a cikin Tekun Atlantika. Har ila yau ana kiranta **St. Helena High**, Tsibirin Saint Helena shine kadai ƙasar a yankin. Zai iya shimfiɗa dubban mil a fadin Kudancin Atlantic. Wannan ba yana nufin cewa matsayi da tsananin wannan anticyclone na dindindin ne, amma kawai cewa akwai anticyclon a kan taswirar da ke kwatanta matsakaicin matsin lamba na kowane wata. Wannan yanki na matsin lamba yana daga cikin babban belin subtropical na anticyclones da ake kira subtropical ridge. 

## Kafawa

A cikin latitudes na Horse, yawanci a yankin tsakanin digiri 30 zuwa 35 na arewa da kudu latitude, akwai mafi girma ko žasa na dindindin. Wannan shi ne ɓangaren raguwa na sel na Hadley. Lalle ne, kusa da ma'auni, inda Ƙarfin Coriolis ya raunana sosai, an kafa kewayawar iska kai tsaye. A cikin ƙananan matakan yanayi, bambancin zafin jiki tsakanin ma'auni da yankuna masu zafi na arewa yana haifar da Yankin Haɗuwa na Intertropical inda iska mai zafi ke tashi saboda haɗuwa da ƙananan yawa. Daga baya, wannan iska tana yadawa a arewa da kudu kuma tana sanyaya a mafi girman tsawo kuma tana sauka zuwa arewa da kudu.

## Yanayi mai alaƙa
Wannan tsarin yana shafar jirgin ruwa sosai saboda iskõkin da ke tattare da su ba su da ƙarfi kuma jiragen ruwa dole ne su tafi arewa ko kudu da tsakiyar yankin matsin lamba dangane da hanyar tafiya don samun iskõki waɗanda ke da kyau a cikin ƙarfi da shugabanci.

## Tasirin yanayi a kan tattalin arziki
Yankin anticyclonic yana samar da yanayin bushe, yana ba da gudummawa ga busassun hamada na Namib da Kalahari, amma tasirinsa bai tsaya a can ba: Kudancin Atlantic High yana kawo yanayin zafi daga gabar gabashin Amurka ta Kudu zuwa Afirka a lokacin rani yayin da yake ɗaukar iska mai zafi zuwa gefen kudancinsa. A gefen arewa, inda iskõki ne na gabas, akwai yankin haɗuwa da wurare masu zafi wanda ke sarrafa Ruwan sama na Afirka da lokacin ruwan sama a Guianas.

## Formation

A cikin latitudes na Horse, yawanci a yankin tsakanin digiri 30 zuwa 35 na arewa da kudu latitude, akwai mafi girma ko žasa na dindindin. Wannan shi ne ɓangaren raguwa na sel na Hadley. Lalle ne, kusa da ma'auni, inda Ƙarfin Coriolis ya raunana sosai, an kafa kewayawar iska kai tsaye. A cikin ƙananan matakan yanayi, bambancin zafin jiki tsakanin ma'auni da yankuna masu zafi na arewa yana haifar da Yankin Haɗuwa na Intertropical inda iska mai zafi ke tashi saboda haɗuwa da ƙananan yawa. Daga baya, wannan iska tana yadawa a arewa da kudu kuma tana sanyaya a mafi girman tsawo kuma tana sauka zuwa arewa da kudu.[1]
## Manazarta


## Haɗin waje
Ƙaunar ƙasar Faransa

Ƙasar Faransanci ( French ) yawanci yana bayyana a matsayin jama'a [1] [2] ko kishin al'adu, yana inganta haɗin kan al'adun Faransa . [1]

## Tarihi
Ƙaunar kishin ƙasa ta Faransa ta samo asali ne a lokacin Yaƙin Shekaru ɗari, wanda ya ƙunshi jerin rikice-rikice na tsaka-tsaki da Masarautar Ingila . Yaƙe-yaƙe sun haifar da babban alamar kishin ƙasa na Faransa, Joan na Arc . Cocin Katolika kuma ta taka muhimmiyar rawa bayan gyare-gyaren Furotesta .  Faransanci kishin kasa ya zama motsi mai karfi bayan juyin juya halin Faransa a 1789. Napoleon Bonaparte ya inganta kishin kasa na Faransa bisa ra'ayin juyin juya halin Faransa kamar ra'ayin *<nowiki/>'yanci, daidaito, 'yan uwantaka* da kuma tabbatar da fadada Faransanci da yakin soja na Faransa a kan da'awar cewa Faransa tana da 'yancin yada manufofin juyin juya halin Faransa a cikin Faransanci da kuma fadada iyakokinta a cikin Turai, da kuma iyakar Faransa. Yunkurin da Napoleon ya yi wa wasu al'ummomi ya yada manufar kishin kasa a wajen Faransa. 

### 1814-1914
Bayan da Napoleon ya sha kashi da faduwa, kishin kasar Faransa tun daga karni na 19 zuwa farkon karni na 20 ya dauki azama da matsananciyar kishin kasa wanda ke goyon bayan karfin soji don cimma manufofinsa na siyasa.  A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya, Faransa ta bi iƙirarin ƙiyayya a yankin Alsace-Lorraine da aka yi asara ga Jamus a ƙarshen Yaƙin Franco-Prussian na 1870-1871. An lalata girman ƙasar Faransa a Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya ta hanyar dogon yaƙi da Jamus ta yi a ƙasarta; musamman a yakin duniya na biyu lokacin da gwamnatin Faransa ta mika wuya ga Jamus a shekarar 1940; sannan kuma bayan Faransa ta yi hasarar yawancin yankunan da ta yi wa mulkin mallaka a dalilin raba mulkin bayan yakin duniya na biyu. 

Alamomin kishin ƙasa sun haɗa ba kawai Joan na Arc ba har ma da Roland, gwarzo na Song of Roland ( La chanson de Roland ). Ya mutu a yaƙi da marasa aminci yayin da yake kare Charlemagne da mutanensa, yana mai da shi alamar kishin ƙasa da ta dace da zamani. [1]

Siyasar hagu da dama ta taka rawar gani yayin da masu ra'ayin mazan jiya suka kame kan kishin kasa don kai wa hagu hari. Masu kishin ƙasa na Faransa masu ra'ayin mazan jiya sun yi nasarar lakabi anti-militarism a matsayin mai adawa da ƙasa a zamanin 1898-1914. Da yawa daga cikin masu adawa da soji sun kasance masu fafutuka masu fafutuka da kungiyoyin Marxist masu tsattsauran ra'ayi. Masana tarihi sun fassara wannan harin ta hanyar jayayya cewa kishin ƙasa na Faransa yana watsi da tushensa a cikin juyin juya halin Faransa kuma yana zama wani abu na masu tsattsauran ra'ayi, ƙungiyoyi masu fafutuka. Duk da haka, mafi yawan masu adawa da mulkin soja ba su yi watsi da al'ummarsu ba, sai dai suna da'awar kare Jamhuriyar da suke ganin ya yi daidai da al'ummar. Sun dauki masu ra'ayin mazan jiya a matsayin hadari ga jamhuriyar Faransa. 

## Manazarta
Babu Sauka ko Soumises

**Ni Putes Ni Soumises** (wanda aka fassara a matsayin *Ba Karuwai ko Masu biyayya* ) wata ƙungiya ce ta mata ta Faransa, wacce aka kafa a 2002, wacce ta sami amincewar jaridun Faransa da Majalisar Dokokin Faransa . Gabaɗaya ya dogara ne akan kuɗin jama'a. Har ila yau, sunan wani littafi ne da Fadela Amara, daya daga cikin shugabannin kungiyar ta rubuta, tare da taimakon 'yar jaridar *Le Monde* Sylvia Zappi.

A cikin 2005 wannan motsi ya yi wahayi zuwa ƙirƙirar irin wannan mai suna  . 

An nada Fadela Amara a matsayin karamar minista mai kula da manufofin birane a gwamnatin farko ta François Fillon a watan Mayu 2007. Ta bar gwamnati a 2010, kuma an nada ta babban sufeto-janar na Faransa kan harkokin zamantakewa a cikin Janairu 2011. [1]

Wasu matasa 'yan kasar Faransa ne suka kafa NPNS, ciki har da Samira Bellil, a matsayin martani ga ta'addancin da ake musu a yankunan bakin haure mafi yawansu musulmi ( *banlieues* ) da gidajen jama'a ( *cités* ) na garuruwa irin su Paris, Lyon da Toulouse, inda ake kiran kungiyoyin fyade da aka shirya a matsayin ''masu yawon bude ido'', ko "wucewa".  

## Manufa
Ni Putes Ni Soumises na yaki da cin zarafi da ake yi wa mata, gami da cin zarafi a cikin gida da fyaden gungun jama'a, da kuma matsalolin zamantakewa.

Dandalin kungiyar na wadanda rikicin cikin gida ya rutsa da su yana taimaka wa mata da 'ya'yansu su guje wa yanayi masu hadari tare da tallafa musu wajen sake gina rayuwarsu bayan gaskiya. Tawagar goyan bayanta ta ƙunshi lauyoyi, masana ilimin halayyar ɗan adam, ƙwararrun ilimi da mashawarcin doka.

Ni Putes Ni Soumises kuma yana goyan bayan Kamfen ɗin White Ribbon, wanda ke gudana daga 25 ga Nuwamba zuwa 6 Disamba kowace shekara, kuma yana amfani da wannan a matsayin wata dama don inganta 3919, layin taimakon tashin hankali na cikin gida na ƙasa.

## Manazarta
Dry Andes

**Dry [[Andes]]** (Spanish) yanki ne na yanayi da glaciological na Andes . Tare da Wet Andes yana ɗaya daga cikin yankuna biyu na Andes na Argentina da Chilean. 

Dry Andes yana gudana daga hamadar Atacama a arewacin Chile da Arewa maso yammacin Argentina kudu zuwa latitude na 35 ° S a Chile. A Argentina Dry Andes ya kai 40 ° S saboda tasirin leeward na Andes. A cewar Luis Lliboutry ana iya bayyana Dry Andes ta hanyar rarraba masu tuba. Ana samun penitentes mafi girma a kudancin Lanin Volcano.

Dutsen kankara yana faruwa a wasu sassan Dry Andes, amma ba su da yawa a kudancin Wet Andes.[1] A cikin Dry Andes, ƙanƙara na yau da kullun suna tasowa yawanci a mafi tsawo fiye da ƙanƙarar dutse.[1] A kusa da dutsen Aconcagua dutse ya kai tsawo kamar yadda ya kai 900 m a.s.l.[1]￼

Babban Cordillera kusa da Santiago na iya kasancewa ƙarƙashin mahimman glaciation tun farkon shekaru miliyan 1 da suka gabata, kamar yadda ci gaban kwarin glacial ya nuna.

## Paleogeography, paleoclimatology da paleoglaciology
Kodayake hazo yana ƙaruwa tare da tsawo, akwai yanayin tsaka-tsaki a cikin kusan mita 7,000 (23,000  tsaunuka masu tsawo na Andes. Wannan yanayin busassun tsaunuka ana ɗaukarsa na nau'in subtropic a 32-34 ° S. A cikin kwarin kwarin kawai ƙananan shrubs ne ke girma. Mafi girman kankara, misali kankara na Plomo da kankara na Horcones, ba su kai kilomita 10 (6.2  a tsawon ba; kaurin kankara ba shi da mahimmanci. A lokacin glacial duk da haka, c. shekaru 20,000 da suka gabata, kankara sun fi sau goma tsawo. A gefen gabas na wannan ɓangaren Mendoza Andes sun sauka zuwa mita 2,060 (6,760  kuma a gefen yamma zuwa c. mita 1,220 (4,000 . Tsawon tsaunuka na Cerro Aconcagua mita 6,962 (22,841 , Cerro Tupungato mita 6,550 (21,490  da Nevado Juncal mita 6,110 (20,050  suna da nisan kilomita daga juna kuma an haɗa su da hanyar sadarwar kankara ta hadin gwiwa. Hannunsa na kankara na dendritic, watau abubuwan da ke cikin kwarin kankara, sun kai kilomita 112.5 (69.9  tsawo, sama da mita 1,250 (4,100  kauri kuma sun kai nisan tsaye na mita 5,150 (16,900 . An saukar da dusar ƙanƙara ta kankara (ELA) daga mita 4,600 na yanzu (15,100  zuwa mita 3,200 (10,500  a lokacin ƙanƙarar. 

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya Azare

Federal Government College Azafe (FGC Azare) makarantar tarayyar nigeria ta sekandari da ke misau roada garin azare dake karamarar hukumar katagum, a Bauchi State.https://www.publicprocurement.ng/federal-government-college-azare-bauchi-state-invitation-to-tender-for-2025-capital-projects/dayace daga cikin makarantun Federal Unity School wanda gomnatin nigeria tayi a dukan fadin kasar.

## Manazarta
Ambaliyar ruwa ta 2015 a Argentina

Wuraren da yawa a arewacin Lardin Buenos Aires sun sha fama da ambaliyar ruwa a watan Agustan 2015, wanda ya haifar da ruwan sama mai rikodin. Kogin Luján, kogin Areco da Kogin Arrecifes sune suka fi shafa. Mutane uku sun mutu, kuma 11,000 sun kwashe gidajensu. Ambaliyar ruwa a ƙarshen Kogin Salado ta kusa da hekta 800,000.

Majalisar dokoki ta lardin Buenos Aires ta ayyana gaggawa ta ruwa a jam'iyyun 42: wannan ya ba da damar amfani da $ 4,500 don ayyukan jama'a, da kuma cire haraji a jam'yukan da abin ya shafa. Ministan tattalin arziki na kasa, Axel Kicillof, ya ayyana day gaggawa a jam'iyyun 64 kuma ya ba da bashi ga manoma da ke da ambaliyar ruwa a cikinsu.

Ambaliyar ya faru ne a lokacin yakin neman zabe na Zaben shugaban kasa na 2015. Daniel Scioli, gwamnan Buenos Aires na Front for Victory (FPV), yana daya daga cikin manyan 'yan takara. Mauricio Macri, wani babban dan takarar Cambiemos, ya soki Scioli saboda rashin ayyukan jama'a don hana ambaliyar ruwa.

## Manazarta
Dutse na Cabrito

Cabrito Rock wani biki ne na dutsen Mutanen Espanya, yawanci yana da kusan kwanaki biyu. An yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar bikin Cosquin Rock, ana gudanar da shi a Recreo, Argentina, kuma shine kawai bikin irin wannan a Lardin Catamarca.

## Tarihi
An fara gudanar da bikin ne a ranar 6 ga  watan Janairu, 2007, a "Club Union Sportiva" tare da masu sauraro sama da mutane 1,000.[1] An gudanar da bikin na biyu a shekara ta 2008 a "Club Atlético Pedro Cano", yana buɗewa ga taron da ya fi na shekara ta farko.

A shekara ta 2009, shekara ta uku, taron ya wuce tsammanin masu shirya taron, tare da sama da mutane 2,200 da suka halarci taron. A wannan lokacin, an watsa hotuna a kan babban allon da ke gefen mataki. An gudanar da bikin na huɗu a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, 2010, tare da dare na girmamawa ga manyan ƙungiyoyi.

## Masu wasan kwaikwayo

# Janairu 6, 2007: Morfosis, La Maza, Papaya, Refuerzo, Adaggio, Radales
# Fabrairu 9, 2008: La Mula Vieja, Morfosis, La Maza, Aura
# Fabrairu 7, 2009: Juan Antonio Ferreyra "JAF", ƙungiyoyin Córdoba
# Fabrairu 6, 2010: Far West, Subjects, Brote Mixtizo, Lady Magnun, Deltabu, R.P. da Refuerzo
# Fabrairu 12, 2011: Emmanuel Horvilleur, Ciro Fogliata, Redo da ƙungiyoyin gida

## Manazarta
Girgizar Kasa ta fari

White Earthquake (Spanish) wani lamari ne na yanayi wanda ya kunshi iska mai karfi, sanyi, dusar ƙanƙara da ruwan sama wanda ya faru a kudancin Chile a watan Agustan shekara ta 1995. Mutane 7,176 sun kasance a ware sakamakon dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa kuma uku sun mutu. A ranar 16 ga watan Agusta, kimanin tumaki 176,000 sun mutu, kuma 800,000 suna cikin "matsananciyar yanayi". Baya ga aikin gona, bangaren gandun daji ma ya gurgunta. Tare da Chile Route 9, motoci da bas biyu tare da fasinjoji sun makale a cikin dusar ƙanƙara.  

An lalata ko lalata wuraren tashar Jiragen ruwa daban-daban a bakin tekun Chile a taron,  gami da tashar jiragen mmiri a Bahía Catalina.  Jiragen ruwa da jiragen ruwa da yawa sun makale, sun lalace ko sun ɓace. Rundunar sojan ruwa ta Chile ta rasa jirgin ruwa guda daya kuma jiragen ruwa goma sun rasa, da kuma jiragen ruwa da yawa. Jirgin ruwa na *Nayadic* ya sami lalacewa wanda ya haifar da zubar da mai. An rufe hanyar jirgin ruwa zuwa tsibirin Tierra del Fuego ta hanyar Primera Angostura. An lalata gonakin salmon kuma dubban kifaye sun tsere.

A ranar 7 ga watan Agusta, gwamnatin Chile ta ayyana dokar ta baci a kudancin rabin kasar, daga Yankin Maule zuwa Magallanes .  Gwamnatin Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle ta aika mataimakin minista Belisario Velasco zuwa Punta Arenas don saka idanu kan halin da ake ciki a kudu. Jiragen ruwa na Chile ,  da  sun kai abinci da itace zuwa wurare daban-daban, a wasu lokuta duk da yanayin yanayi mai tsanani. Bayan sanyi ya ƙare, akwai ambaliyar ruwa sakamakon narkewa.

## Yanayin yanayi
A Yankin Magallanes, hunturu na 1995 ya ɗan yi sanyi kuma yana da hazo fiye da yadda aka saba amma babu wani abu mai ban mamaki.[1] Adadin dusar ƙanƙara da ya faɗo a Punta Arenas a duk lokacin hunturu na 1995 an auna shi a 33.6 cm, ƙasa da yadda aka rubuta a 1899, 1904, 1918, 1937 da 1977 lokacin da babu wani rikici na girman Girgizar Kasa ta White.[1] Masana Ariel Santana da Wilfried Endlicher sun yi iƙirarin cewa saurin iska mafi girma fiye da yadda aka saba shine babban abin da ya haifar da rikicin 1995.[1] Shafin labarai na El Pingüino na Punta Arenas ya ambaci cewa irin wannan amma ba shi da tsanani ya faru a cikin 1937 da 1958.[2]￼

Dalilin kai tsaye na White Earthquake wani babban guguwa ne wanda ya koma Patagonia, yana rinjayar yanayi har zuwa nesa kamar Taltal, Calama da San Pedro na Atacama a arewacin Chile. Wannan yankin matsin lamba ya toshe ta Kudancin Atlantic High, yana sanya shi a kan Patagonia na Tsawon lokaci fiye da yadda ya saba ga yankunan matsin lamba. Wannan ya haifar da yanayi don iska mai sanyi ta kudu maso gabas don shiga Patagonia tare da iska a 0 ° C a matakin teku kuma ya fi sanyi a tsawo mafi girma. Kamar yadda iskõki masu yawa suka zo daga yamma, mazaunin mutane da yanayi ba su da shiri sosai ga iskõkin kudu maso gabas. Iska ta samar da dusar ƙanƙara har zuwa mita biyu a wasu yankuna.

## Dubi kuma

* Aikin noma a Chile
* Yanayin yanayi na Chile
* Yuli shekarar  2011 Guguwar hunturu ta Chile
* Ci gaban kiwon tumaki na Patagonia

## Manazarta
Gilavar

Gilavar sunan iskar kudanci mai zafi da ke kadawa a gabashin Azarbaijan a duk shekara, musamman a Baku da Shamakhi. Gilavar daya ce daga cikin manyan iskoki guda biyu da suka mamaye Baku, tare da Khazri, iskar arewa mai sanyi.[1] Etymology na sunanta ya fito ne daga yaren Tat da ake magana da shi a gabashin Azerbaijan. A cikin Tati, kalmar gilə tana nufin "ƙwaya/digo", "var" kuma tana nufin iska.[2]￼

## Manazarta