Mary Macarthur

**Mary Reid Anderson** (née **Macarthur** ; 13 ga Agusta 1880 - 1 ga Janairu 1921) 'yar Scotland ce mai ra'ayin mazan jiya (kodayake tana da sabani da ƙungiyoyin ƙasa waɗanda ke son barin tsirarun mata su sami ikon mallakar ƙasa)   kuma babbar mai ra'ayin ƙungiyoyin kwadago ce. Ita ce babbar sakatariyar ƙungiyar mata ta ƙungiyoyin kwadago kuma ta shiga cikin kafa ƙungiyar ma'aikata ta ƙasa da ƙungiyar hana gumi ta ƙasa . 

A shekarar 1910, Macarthur ya jagoranci mata masu kera sarkar Cradley Heath zuwa ga nasara a fafutukar da suke yi na samun mafi ƙarancin albashi kuma ya jagoranci yajin aiki don tilasta wa ma'aikata aiwatar da ƙarin albashi. 

A kusan shekarar 1901, Macarthur ta zama ƙwararriyar ƙungiyar kwadago bayan ta ji jawabin da John Turner ya yi game da yadda ake wulaƙanta wasu ma'aikata daga ma'aikatansu. Ta zama sakatariya a reshen Ayr na Ƙungiyar Mataimakan Shago, kuma sha'awarta ga wannan ƙungiyar ta haifar da aikinta na inganta yanayin aikin mata. A shekarar 1902 Mary ta zama abokiya da Margaret Bondfield wadda ta ƙarfafa ta ta halarci taron ƙasa na ƙungiyar inda Macarthur ta zama mace ta farko  da aka zaɓa a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar.  

## Rayuwar iyali
An haifi Macarthur a ranar 13 ga Agusta, 1880 a Glasgow, babban 'ya'ya shida ga John Duncan Macarthur, mai kamfanin zane-zane, da matarsa, Anne Elizabeth Martin.  Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta 'Yan Mata ta Glasgow, kuma, bayan ta gyara mujallar makarantar, ta yanke shawarar cewa tana son zama marubuciya ta cikakken lokaci. Bayan karatunta a Glasgow, ta shafe lokaci tana karatu a Jamus kafin ta koma Scotland don yin aiki ga mahaifinta a matsayin mai kula da littattafai. 

Bayan ta fara siyasa, Mary ta haɗu kuma daga ƙarshe ta auri William Crawford Anderson, shugaban kwamitin zartarwa na Jam'iyyar Labour mai zaman kanta, a shekarar 1911, shekaru goma bayan da ya fara neman aure. Ɗansu na fari ya mutu a lokacin haihuwa a shekarar 1913, kuma an haifi 'yarsa Anne Elizabeth a shekarar 1915.

## fafutukar ƙungiyar ƙwadago da goyon bayan zaɓen gama gari

A shekara ta 1903, Macarthur ta ƙaura zuwa Landan inda ta zama Sakatariyar Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Mata . Tana fafutukar neman ƙuri'a, ta yi adawa da waɗanda ke cikin NUWSS da WSPU waɗanda suka yarda su amince da ikon mallakar 'yancin ga wasu ƙungiyoyin mata kawai.  Macarthur ta yi imanin cewa ikon mallakar 'yancin zai ɓata wa ajin ma'aikata rai kuma tana jin tsoron cewa zai iya yin aiki a kan ba da cikakken 'yancin zaɓe na manya, kuma wannan ra'ayin bai sa ta yi maraba da ƙungiyoyin zaɓe masu girma ba.  Shugabannin matsakaicin aji na ƙungiyar Votes for Women sun soki ra'ayin Macarthur waɗanda suka yi tunanin cewa ikon mallakar wani ɓangare zai fi samun nasara kuma hakan zai sauƙaƙa samun cikakken 'yancin zaɓe. 

Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Ƙwadago ta Mata ta haɗa ƙungiyoyin mata kawai daga sana'o'i daban-daban, ciki har da membobin ƙungiyoyi daban-daban.  Manufofin masu fafutuka da ke da alaƙa da azuzuwan da ƙungiyoyi daban-daban sun hana ƙungiyar shiga Majalisar Ƙungiyoyin Ƙwadago. 

Domin magance wannan rikici, Macarthur ya kafa Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Mata ta Ƙasa a shekarar 1906. Tsarin Ƙungiyar shine ƙungiyar ma'aikata ta gabaɗaya, "a buɗe take ga duk mata a cikin sana'o'in da ba su da tsari ko kuma waɗanda ba a shigar da su cikin ƙungiyar ma'aikata da ta dace ba." [1] Wannan ƙungiyar ta kasance kafin Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Ƙasa (wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1921) kuma tana ƙarƙashin jagorancin mata da kuma waɗanda suka jagorance ta. [2]

## Manazarta