Labarin Labarai

**Kamfanin Lakeside Press** wani kamfani ne na buga littattafai a Chicago wanda a ƙarƙashinsa Kamfanin RR Donnelley ya samar da littattafai masu kyau da kuma kasidu na odar wasiƙa, kundin adireshi na waya, kundin bayanai, da talla. An fi sanin Jaridar The Press da ingantattun bugu na Chicago Caxton Club da kuma na Lakeside Classics, jerin sake bugawa masu kyau. 

An rufe masana'antar buga littattafai, wacce take tare da hedikwatar kamfanin a ginin Lakeside Press da ke kan titin 22nd da kuma titin Calumet a shekarar 1993, bayan haka aka mayar da masana'antar zuwa wasu masana'antun RRD da dama.

## Tarihi
An kafa Kamfanin RR Donnelley & Sons a Chicago a shekarar 1864 ta hannun Richard Robert Donnelley . Donnelley ya kafa kamfani mai nasara a tsakiyar birnin Chicago, wanda a shekarar 1870 ya zama Kamfanin Bugawa da Bugawa na Lakeside. An lalata kasuwancin a lokacin da aka yi gobarar Great Chicago ta 1871, wanda ya bar Donnelley ya sake fara aikinsa da komai sai sunansa na jari. Bayan jerin gyare-gyare da faɗaɗawa, Donnelley ya gina Ginin Lakeside Press a Plymouth Court, kuma a shekarar 1902 ya fara gina sabon Ginin Lakeside Press a kan titin 21st da Calumet Avenue. Kuma ya zama mai samar da ayyukan bugawa da bugawa a duniya. [ 2 ] Daga 1922-1945, Daraktan Zane da Rubutu shine William A. Kittredge,  wanda ya ba da umarnin wasu masu fasaha da masu zane-zane da ake girmamawa, kamar Rudolph Ruzicka, Edward A. Wilson, da WA Dwiggins . [ 4 ]

Kamfanin Donnelley ya yi niyyar samar da littattafai da mujallu masu kayatarwa tare da zane mai ban sha'awa na zamani da kuma kayan talla da aka buga da yawa da kuma nassoshi. Lakeside Press ta samar da Encyclopædia Britannica, Time Magazine, Life Magazine, littattafan talla don Model T Ford, da kuma kundin adireshi na Sears Roebuck, da sauransu. [undefined] The Press ta samar da bugu masu inganci don Chicago Caxton Club da Limited Editions Club . Donnelly ita ce firintar hukuma don bikin baje kolin duniya na 1933-1934, "A Century of Progress ," wanda ya gudana a gefen tafkin Michigan kusa da gabashin masana'antar. Kamfanin ya tsara kuma ya buga tikiti na hukuma, katunan gaisuwa, fosta, ƙasidu, da mujallu waɗanda ke nuna ƙirar zamani ta kamfanin. " [1]

## Makarantar Koyon Aikin Jarida ta Lakeside Press da alaƙar ma'aikata
A shekarar 1908, TE Donnelley, ɗan wanda ya kafa makarantar, ya buɗe Makarantar Koyon Aikin Lantarki ta Lakeside Press. Donnelley, wanda ya kammala karatunsa a Yale kuma amintaccen Jami'ar Chicago, ya ji cewa farfaɗo da tsohuwar al'adar koyon aiki ba ta gamsarwa ba saboda ƙungiyoyin kwadago sun mamaye ƙa'idodi. Ya ƙuduri aniyar buɗe wani shiri da aka yi wa kwaskwarima a Kamfanin Bugawa na Chaix da ke Paris, Faransa, wanda ya haɗa koyarwa da gogewa ta aiki. "Duk shukar," a cikin kalmomin wani bayanin hukuma, "ita ce dakin gwaje-gwajen makarantar" [ 2 ] Rubutun littafin jagorar ɗalibai na 1913 ya bayyana cewa "Ma'aikaci ya kamata ya fahimci cewa ɗaukar ɗalibi aiki ne mafi mahimmanci fiye da ɗaukar ɗan tafiya." [ 7 ] Wani ƙasida a shekarar 1933 ya yi alfahari da cewa ɗaliban "suna koyon fasahar buga littattafai ta zamani da kayan aiki mafi kyau na zamani" kuma "suna cike da imanin cewa gwargwadon yadda suka yi aikinsu, ƙarin riba za su samu kuma mafi girma za su samu." [ 8 ]

Kamfanin yana ɗaya daga cikin darussa da yawa waɗanda a lokacin ke ba da darussan koyon aiki irin wannan, tun daga Kamfanin American Bridge da Kamfanin American Locomotive zuwa Kamfanin Winchester Repeating Arms . [ 9 ]

A farkon shekarun nan, yawancin ma'aikatan Donnelley ba sa cikin ƙungiyar kwadago kuma kusan kashi 90 cikin 100 na shugabannin kamfanin da masu kula da su sun kammala karatunsu ne daga Makarantar Horar da Masu Koyarwa kuma ko dai sun kammala karatun jami'a ne waɗanda suka kammala shirin horarwa ko kuma sun fito daga matsayi. Yawan ma'aikatan kamfanin ya kasance ƙasa. Yayin da Chicago ta zama gida ga ƙaura zuwa arewa na baƙar fata, ma'aikata sun zama marasa tsari yayin da waɗanda ba fararen fata ba suka ga yana da wahala su sami matsayin gudanarwa. Rikicin launin fata a shekarun 1960 ya ƙara raunana ikon kamfanin na fuskantar ƙalubalen fasaha da gasa a duniya. Raguwar arziki ya haifar da korar ma'aikata da jayayya, kuma masana'antar ta rufe a shekarar 1993. [ 10 ]

## Na Gargajiya na Lakeside
Wani shiri ne da aka fara a shekarar 1903 wanda ya sake buga ayyukan gargajiya da aka yi watsi da su. A cewar tatsuniyar kamfanin, Thomas E. Donnelley, shugaban kamfanin a lokacin, ya yi mamakin saitin aski bakwai da wani daga cikin masu samar da kayayyaki na kamfanin ya ba shi, kuma yana son ƙirƙirar kyauta wadda za ta wakilci samfurin kamfaninsa kuma ba za a iya siyan ta a kasuwa ba.  Kamfanin bai sayar da littattafan ga jama'a ba, amma ya bai wa kowanne ma'aikacin kamfanin kwafi a lokacin Kirsimeti, wanda hakan ya sa jerin abubuwan da aka tattara suka zama abin daraja. 

Thomas Donnelley ya rubuta a cikin gabatarwar littafin *tarihin rayuwar Benjamin Franklin*, kundin farko a cikin jerin, cewa "Idan, ta hanya mai sauƙi wannan kundin ya nuna ra'ayin cewa littattafan da aka yi da na'ura ba laifi ba ne a kan fasaha, kuma littattafai na iya zama a bayyane amma masu kyau, kuma masu kyau duk da cewa ba su da tsada, an cika manufarsa." Bayan kundin, an gabatar da jawabai da rubuce-rubuce na Amurkawa masu shahara, to a cikin shekarun 1910, zaɓaɓɓun sun juya zuwa labaran tarihin Amurka na mutum ɗaya, musamman waɗanda ba a taɓa bugawa ba ko kuma waɗanda ba a buga su ba. Jigogi sun haɗa da Yaƙin Basasa, Tsohon Yamma, bincike da rayuwar kan iyaka. A cikin shekarun 1990, an gabatar da canje-canje da yawa. Wani ɓangare don amincewa da kasuwannin duniya na kamfanin, an haɗa labaran Amurkawa a ƙasashen waje. 

## Manazarta

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* Guide to the R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company Archive 1844-2005.
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