Isaias W. Hellman

**Isaias Wolf Hellman** (3 ga Oktoba, 1842 - 9 ga Afrilu, 1920) ɗan asalin Masarautar Bavaria ne kuma ma'aikacin banki kuma mai taimakon jama'a, kuma uba ne na kafa Jami'ar Kudancin California . 

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Hellman a Reckendorf, Masarautar Bavaria a ranar 3 ga Oktoba, 1842. Yana ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'ya maza uku da 'ya'ya mata huɗu,  waɗanda iyayensu Yahudawa ne na Jamus Wolf Hellmann (1815–1884), ƙwararren mai ɗinka kaya,  da Sara Fleischmann (1823–1888) suka haifa.   'Yan'uwansa sun haɗa da 'yan'uwansa Herman da James W. Hellman.  'Yan'uwansu mata huɗu sune Bertha, Flora, Regina, da Ernestine (wadda ta auri wani mai sayar da shanu mai arziki mai suna Schloss). 

Ya yi karatu a makarantun gwamnati na Jamus da kuma Kwalejin Marktbreit da ke Bavaria.  Solomon Wohl ne ya kafa wannan makaranta a shekarar 1849. 

## Sana'a

Hellman da ɗan'uwansa Herman sun bar Hamburg a cikin jirgin ruwa mai *suna Hammonia*, suka isa Los Angeles, California, a ranar 14 ga Mayu, 1859, don su haɗu da 'yan uwansu. Daga baya ɗan'uwansu James shi ma ya yi ƙaura zuwa Los Angeles.  Isaias ya tafi aiki a matsayin magatakarda a cikin kayan rubutu da shagon sigari na 'yan uwansa, kuma ya koyi yin magana da Sifaniyanci.  Shagon yana aiki a matsayin Hellman da Bro. kuma yana sayar da sigari da kayan rubutu, kuma yana nan a kusurwar titunan Main da Temple.  Isaias ya shiga kasuwancin a shekarar 1855, ɗan'uwansa Sam a shekarar 1857, kuma haɗin gwiwar ya wargaje a ranar 26 ga Janairu, 1862. 

A shekara ta 1865, Hellman ya sayi shagon kayan busassun kaya na Adolph Portugal a kusurwar Main and Commercial da Portugal ta buɗe a shekara ta 1854.  Wannan shine kusan wurin da sassaken *Triforium* yake a Los Angeles Mall a yanzu. Wasu majiyoyi sun bayyana cewa ya buɗe shagon kayan busassun kaya a watan Afrilun 1865 "a kan Baker Block ".  Baker Block bai buɗe ba sai a shekara ta 1875, duk da haka, wani ɗan gajeren shinge ne na birni a arewacin shagon Hellman a kusurwar kudu maso gabashin titunan Main and Commercial. A shekara ta 1870, Hellman ya gina Hellman Block a kusurwar arewa maso yamma na titin Los Angeles da kuma titin Commercial (wanda babu shi yanzu). 

### Banki
Hellman ya zama ma'aikacin banki na farko a Los Angeles kusan ba zato ba tsammani. A matsayin girmamawa, ya adana zinare da kayansa masu daraja a cikin akwati . Wata rana, Hellman ya shiga rikici da wani abokin ciniki da ya bugu wanda ke shigowa da fita daga shagon, yana cire zinare a kowane lokaci daga jakar da aka ajiye a cikin akwatin ajiya. Lokacin da mutumin ya nutse, ya yi fushi da ya gano cewa ya kashe mafi yawan kuɗinsa, kuma ya yi wa Hellman ihu. Wannan hulɗar ta sa Hellman ya dakatar da ayyukansa na banki na yau da kullun. Ya sami takardu da aka buga suna karanta IW Hellman, Banker, kuma ya fara siyan kuɗin mutane da kuma bayar da littattafan ajiya. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

A ranar 1 ga Satumba, 1868, Hellman da Temple suka kafa Hellman, Temple da Co., bankin hukuma na biyu a birnin da ya fara aiki. A shekarar 1871, Hellman da John G. Downey, tsohon gwamnan California, sun kafa Bankin Manoma da 'Yan Kasuwa na Los Angeles, wanda ya zama bankin farko mai nasara a Los Angeles.  Hellman ya ba da rancen kudin da ya bai wa Harrison Gray Otis damar sayen ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' da Edward Doheny da Charles A. Canfield don haƙa mai. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D; A shekara ta 1881, an naɗa Hellman a matsayin Regents na Jami'ar California don ya cike wa'adin DO Mills wanda ba a kammala ba. An sake naɗa shi sau biyu kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 1918. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup> A shekara ta 1905, ya sayar da gidansa da ke kan titin Main ga banki sannan ya gina ginin bankin manoma da 'yan kasuwa da kuma ginin ofishin Isaias W. Hellman da ke wurin. 

A shekara ta 1890, Hellman ya koma [[San Francisco]] don ya karɓi Bankin Nevada na San Francisco, wanda mutane huɗu da aka sani da Sarakunan Azurfa suka kafa a shekara ta 1875: John William Mackay, James Cair Flood, William O'Brien da James Graham Fair . Duk da cewa bankin ya taɓa samun dala miliyan 10 a fannin jari, kusan an karya shi kafin Hellman ya karɓi mulki. Lokacin da labari ya fito game da shigar Hellman, masu jari-hujja daga ko'ina cikin duniya sun nemi siyan hannun jari. Hellman yana da dala miliyan 15 a aikace-aikacen amma dala miliyan 2.5 ne kawai ke hannun jari don sayarwa. Biyu daga cikin manyan masu hannun jari sun haɗa da Mayer Lehman na Lehman Brothers ($150,000) da Levi Strauss ($120,000). Sauran masu hannun jari sun haɗa da mutanen da Hellman ya girma tare da su a Reckendorf waɗanda suka zama manyan 'yan kasuwa, ciki har da Kalman, Abraham da William Haas, da David Walter. Hellman ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Bankin Nevada na San Francisco daga 1890 zuwa 1898 lokacin da ya mallaki bankin a ƙarƙashin taken Bankin Nevada na San Francisco.  Hellman ya kasance shugaban wannan bankin daga 1898 zuwa 1905, har sai da ya sayi sashen banki na Wells Fargo &amp;amp; Co.,  kuma ya haɗa shi da Bankin Nevada na Ƙasa don kafa Bankin Wells Fargo na Nevada na Ƙasa tare da babban jari na $9,500,000.  Bayan girgizar ƙasa ta San Francisco ta 1906, an gudanar da bankin a gidan surukin Hellman a titin Jackson na 2020 yayin da aka sake gina hedikwatar.   A lokacin da yake kan gaba a kan mulki, an ruwaito cewa Hellman ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ko daraktan bankuna goma sha bakwai a gabar tekun Pacific kuma ya mallaki jarin dala miliyan 100. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D; Hellman ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Bankin Ƙasa na Wells Fargo Nevada har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekarar 1920 lokacin da ɗansa ya gaje shi, wanda abin baƙin ciki ya mutu wata guda bayan haka, a ranar 10 ga Mayu, 1920. 

Bayan mutuwarsa, Kamfanin Union Trust (wanda Hellman ya kafa a 1893) aka haɗa shi cikin Bankin Ƙasa na Wells Fargo Nevada a 1923, inda aka kafa Kamfanin Wells Fargo &amp;amp; Union Trust .  A 1954, Wells Fargo & Union Trust ta gajarta sunansa zuwa Bankin Wells Fargo . 

### Motocin titi da kayan aiki
A shekara ta 1870, an zaɓi ɗan uwan Hellman, Isaiah M. Hellman, a matsayin ma'ajin birnin yayin da Isaias ya zama babban mai saka hannun jari a layukan kekuna, yana ba da gudummawar kuɗi a shekara ta 1874 don fara Babban Titin Jirgin Ƙasa da Filin Aikin Gona, wanda ya yi tafiya daga Plaza, zuciyar tsakiyar birnin Los Angeles, zuwa Filin Aikin Gona, filin tseren dawaki. Daga ƙarshe Hellman ya zuba jari a layukan dogo da yawa na birnin kuma tare da Henry Huntington ya kafa Layin Jirgin Ƙasa na Los Angeles a shekara ta 1898 da kuma Layin Jirgin Ƙasa na Pacific Electric a shekara ta 1901. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

Ya kasance babban mai zuba jari a kamfanonin ruwa, iskar gas da wutar lantarki na Los Angeles, kuma ya taimaka wajen kawo layin dogo na Kudancin Pacific zuwa Los Angeles a shekarar 1876, wanda ya kawo karshen killace yankin.

=== Gidaje ===
Hellman babban mai filaye ne a Kudancin California. Mallakarsa ta haɗa da filaye da yawa na birni da kuma manyan filayen tsohon ƙasar rancho. A shekara ta 1871, shi da wata ƙungiya suka sayi    Rancho Cucamonga . A shekara ta 1881, Hellman da membobin dangin Bixby sun sayi    Rancho Los Alamitos (yanzu gidan Long Beach da Seal Beach ne ). Unguwar Hellman ta Long Beach tana ɗauke da sunansa. Ya kuma sayi Repetto Ranch (yanzu Montebello) tare da Harris Newmark da Kaspare Cohn. Hellman da Downey sun kuma sayi gidaje na Rancho San Pedro daga dangin Dominguez. Hellman ya mallaki yawancin Boyle Heights tare da William H. Workman . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

A shekara ta 1897, Hellman ya sayi wani babban fili kusa da Tafkin Tahoe inda ya gina wani babban gida a shekara ta 1903. Ya sanya masa suna Pine Lodge bayan bishiyoyin sukari da ke kan kadarar. Daga baya iyalansa suka sayar da wannan fili ga jihar California, wanda hakan ya mayar da kadarar zuwa Sugar Pine Point State Park .

Ya sayi    Nacimiento Ranch kusa da Paso Robles kuma ya tara shanu da dawaki.

### Jami'ar Kudancin California
A shekara ta 1879, Alkali Robert Maclay Widney ya kafa kwamitin amintattu don ƙirƙirar sabuwar jami'a . Hellman ya haɗu da ɗan kasuwa Ozro W. Childs da tsohon Gwamnan California John G. Downey wajen bayar da gudummawar filaye masu mahimmanci da kuma wani tallafi ga kafa Jami'ar Kudancin California . 

## Rayuwa ta sirri

A ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 1870, Hellman ta auri Esther Newgass ta New York. 'Yar uwarta, Babetta Newgass, ita ce matar Mayer Lehman, ɗaya daga cikin 'yan'uwan da suka kafa bankin saka hannun jari na Lehman Brothers . Suna da 'ya'ya uku:  

* Isais W. Hellman Jr. (1871–1920), wanda ya auri Frances Jacobi. 
* Clara Hellman (1878–1959), wacce ta auri Emanuel S. Heller a shekarar 1899. 
* Florence Hellman (1882–1964), wacce ta auri Sidney M. Ehrman wacce ta ci gaba da kafa kamfanin lauyoyi na *Heller Powers &amp;amp; Ehrman .* 

Ya kasance shugaban B'nai B'rith a shekarar 1872 lokacin da taron ya gina haikalin farko na birnin a titin Fort. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

Hellman ya mutu a San Francisco a ranar 9 ga Afrilu, 1920.  

### Gado
A lokacin mutuwarsa a shekarar 1920, an ɗauke Hellman a matsayin babban mai ba da kuɗi a Tekun Pacific. Ɗansa, Isaias Wolf Hellman, Jr. da jikansa, Isaias Warren Hellman, daga baya suka zama shugabannin Bankin Wells Fargo. An haɗa Kamfanin Union Trust da Wells Fargo bayan rasuwarsa kuma Bankin Manoma da 'Yan Kasuwa na asali na Los Angeles ya haɗu da Bankin Tsaro na Farko na Los Angeles.

Tarihin Rayuwar Hellman sun haɗa da *Towers of Gold: Yadda Wani Baƙo Bayahude Mai Suna Isaias Hellman Ya Ƙirƙiri California*, ta Frances Dinkelspiel, jikanyarsa. Littafin 2008 ya kasance a cikin jerin waɗanda suka fi sayarwa a *San Francisco Chronicle* tsawon makonni biyar kuma an sake duba shi da kyau a cikin littafin. 

## Manazarta