Accra Academy

**Kwalejin Accra** makarantar sakandare ce ta yara maza' da ke Bubuashie kusa da Kaneshie a cikin Babban Yankin Accra, Ghana . Yana yarda da ɗaliban kwana da na rana. An kafa shi a matsayin makarantar masu zaman kansu a 1931, ya sami matsayin Makarantar Taimako ta Gwamnati a 1950. Ita ce makarantar sakandare mafi tsufa da aka kafa a Gold Coast ba tare da shigar da wata al'umma ta addini ba, gwamnati ko shugabanci.

Makarantar tana gudanar da darussa a fannin kasuwanci, kimiyyar gabaɗaya, fasaha na gabaɗaya, kimiyyar noma da fasahar gani, wanda ke jagorantar lambar yabo ta takardar shedar sakandare ta Afirka ta Yamma .       

Wadanda suka kafa makarantar sun ba da kuɗin karatu ga ɗaliban da ke son karatun sakandare amma ba su da tallafin kuɗi don ba su damar yin hakan. Babban jami'in farko kuma wanda ya kafa shi, Kofi Konuah ya yi tafiya zuwa wasu manyan garuruwa a kowane yanki na ƙasar don shirya jarrabawar shiga ga ɗalibai, don ba da ƙwarewa amma masu bukata daga cikinsu damar ilimi a Kwalejin Accra. Kwalejin ba ta ba da izini na musamman ga ɗalibai masu basira amma masu bukata amma, kamar yadda babban umarni na 2005 daga Hukumar Ilimi ta Ghana, ta yarda da ɗalibanta ta hanyar tsarin zaɓin makaranta.

Kwalejin Accra ta kasance ta 8 daga cikin manyan makarantun sakandare 100 a Afirka ta Afirka Almanac a cikin 2003, bisa ga ingancin ilimi, haɗin ɗalibai, ƙarfi da ayyukan tsofaffi, bayanan makaranta, intanet da bayyanar labarai.  Daga cikin nasarorin da ta samu sun hada da; kasancewa makarantar farko da ta samar da Manyan Alkalai na Ghana, kuma ita ce kawai makarantar da ta samar le Masu magana da majalisar dokokin Ghana. Har ila yau, ita ce makarantar farko da ta samar da shugaban gwamnati da mataimakin shugaban gwamnati a wannan gwamnatin Ghana.

## Tarihi

Kofi George Konuah, Samuel Neils Awuletey, Gottfried Narku Alema da James Akwei Halm-Addo ne suka kafa Kwalejin Accra a ranar 20 ga Yulin 1931, a Mantse Agbonaa, wani yanki na James Town a Accra .  Sun kafa makarantar tare da babban birnin farko na £ 200 wanda aka haɗa daga gudummawarsu. Manufar su ta kafa makarantar ita ce samar da damar samun ilimi mai inganci ga ɗalibai daga asalin marasa galihu waɗanda ba za su iya yin rajista a ƙananan makarantun da ke akwai ba saboda matsalolin kuɗi. Saboda wannan dalili, wadanda suka kafa sun kafa manufofin biyan kuɗi don ƙarfafawa da tallafawa waɗannan ɗalibai marasa galihu don yin rajista a makarantar.

Wadanda suka kafa makarantar suna gudanar da makarantar daga gidan bene daya wanda ke ba da ɗakunan aji ga ɗalibai. An sanya wa wurin suna Ellen House bayan mai hayar sa, Ellen Buckle . Ellen ta kasance gwauruwar Vidal J. Buckle, lauya kuma ƙwararrun Gold Coast, waɗanda suka gina dukiyar. Kwalejin ta fara aiki tare da ɗaliban ɗalibai 19. Wadanda suka kafa makarantar tare da wasu biyu, M. F. Dei-Anang da SS Sackey, sun hada da ma'aikatan koyarwa na farko na makarantar. Kwalejin ta yi aiki a matsayin makarantar rana har sai da ta fara saukar da dalibai a Claremont House a 1935, wani gini mai hawa ɗaya da ke kusa da Ellen House, kuma dukiyar da Ellen Buckle ta hayar.  

A watan Disamba na shekara ta 1932, makarantar ta gabatar da rukunin farko na dalibai goma don jarrabawar takardar shaidar makarantar Junior Cambridge, bakwai daga cikinsu sun wuce jarrabawar. A shekara ta 1935, an kafa makarantun sakandare masu zaman kansu da yawa a Kumasi, Koforidua, Sekondi, da Accra. Duk da yake ingancin su gabaɗaya ba ya da alama sosai, Kwalejin Accra ta fito ne a matsayin cibiyar da aka tsara sosai, tana alfahari da rajistar ɗalibai 469. A cikin rahoton shekara-shekara na shekara ta 1938-39, Kwalejin Accra ta sami karbuwa mai kyau. Rahoton ya bayyana shi a matsayin ma'aikata mai cikakken kuɗi wanda ake gudanar da shi yadda ya kamata, tare da ɗaliban ɗalibai 469. A shekara ta 1939, makarantar ta gabatar da dalibai 45 don jarrabawar takardar shaidar makarantar Cambridge, daga cikinsu dalibai 42 sun wuce, tare da dalibai 10 da suka sami izini daga jarrabawar London Matriculation.  

Shirin ya ƙunshi manyan batutuwa kamar Turanci, Lissafi, Kimiyya, Nazarin Kasuwanci, da Aikin Gona. Wadanda suka kafa sun ba da fifiko sosai ga samar da halayyar mutum ta hanyar ibada ta safe, waƙoƙi, da koyarwar ɗabi'a waɗanda suka jaddada dabi'un Kirista. Ayyukan da ba na makaranta ba ciki har da wasan kwaikwayo da tsarin wasanni na Inter-House sun taimaka wajen inganta aiki tare tsakanin ɗalibai. Shekaru na farko na makarantar sun cika da rashin kwanciyar hankali na kudi yayin da masu kafa suka dogara da kudaden kansu da karimcin wasu masu tallafawa a cikin al'umma don ci gaba da shi. Har ila yau, malamai sun kasance masu yawa saboda mafi kyawun dama a wasu wurare. Har ila yau, makarantar ta sha wahala daga iyakokin ababen more rayuwa da yanayin hayaniya.

A shekara ta 1945, makarantar ta kafa kanta a matsayin cibiyar da ta dace kuma ta sami matakin tasiri wanda ya bambanta ta da sauran makarantun sakandare waɗanda ba su sami taimako daga Gwamnati ba. Ya zuwa farkon shekara ta 1946, akwai dalibai maza 467 da ke halartar makarantar.

A shekara ta 1947, an ba da shawarar ga darektan ilimi don ba makarantar matsayin Makarantar Taimako ta Gwamnati.   An amince da shawarar, kuma makarantar ta fara aiki a matsayin makarantar Taimako ta Gwamnati daga 1 ga Janairun 1950.  An tsara sassan darussan, an kafa shirye-shiryen horar da ma'aikata, kuma an tabbatar da ma'aikatan makarantar fansho. A shekara ta 1950, makarantar ta kuma lashe lambar yabo ta Aggrey Shield a taron wasannin Inter-Collegiate na farko.

Gina a kan harsashin da wanda ya riga shi ya kafa, shugaban makarantar na gaba A.K. Konuah ya ba da fifiko ga tsananin ilimi, fadada ababen more rayuwa, da wasanni. Ya yi alkawarin yin aiki sosai a fannin ilimi tare da sake fasalin tsarin karatun. Da yake fahimtar yanayin tattalin arzikin Ghana, ya jaddada kimiyya, lissafi, da ilimin kasuwanci, yana ba da ɗalibai ƙwarewa masu mahimmanci ga ci gaban ƙasar. A shekara ta 1957, gabatarwar shirin na shida ya zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci, shirya masu digiri don ilimin jami'a da sana'o'i. Don inganta ingancin koyarwa, ya kafa matsayi na musamman ga masana na batutuwa kuma ya inganta hadin gwiwa tare da cibiyoyin kasa da kasa, yana kawo malamai na kasashen waje zuwa makarantar. Taron ma'aikata na kwata-kwata da dubawa sun zama ginshiƙan gwamnatinsa, tabbatar da bin ka'idoji masu girma yayin da shirye-shiryen ci gaban kwararru suka ba malamai damar sabbin dabarun koyarwa. Da yake ya ƙuduri aniyar fadada manufofin makarantar na dimokuradiyya, A.K. Konuah da kansa ya yi tafiya zuwa Konongo da Kumasi don gudanar da jarrabawar shiga. Wannan yaduwar ta fadada yawan ɗaliban ɗalibai ta hanyar jawo ƙwarewa daga wajen babban birnin.

Saboda karuwar yawan masu neman shiga shiga makarantar, masu gudanar da makarantar sun fara shirye-shirye don sake komawa makarantar zuwa wani wuri mafi girma da na dindindin. Shafin farko da aka samu don sake komawa makarantar ya kasance a Kokomlemle; duk da haka, dole ne a watsar da wannan shafin ne sakamakon dogon shari'a game da mallakar ƙasar. Shafin na biyu, wanda yake a Korle Gonno, an kuma ba da shi saboda wurin da yake nesa. Binciken sabon shafin makarantar ya ƙare a 1956 lokacin da J. A. Halm-Addo ya yi nasarar yin kira ga gwamnatin Jam'iyyar Jama'a ta Yarjejeniya don sake komawa da fadada makarantar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin ci gabanta. Saboda kokarinsa, an ba da Kwalejin Accra wani fili na 37-acre a Bubuashie, a kan Winneba Road.

James Cubitt, Scott da Partners sune gine-gine na farko don ginin makarantar amma daga baya aka sauya aikin zuwa Barnes, Hubbard & Arundel waɗanda suka kasance gine-gine da masu tsara harabar Jami'ar Ghana. An ba J. Monta & Sons kwangilar don haɓaka sabon shafin makarantar a watan Oktoba 1959, kuma a watan Yulin 1961, an gabatar da sabon shafin da aka haɓaka tare da sabbin gine-gine ga masu gudanar da makarantar. A watan Satumbar 1961, makarantar ta koma daga Ellen House zuwa shafin da ke yanzu a Bubuashie, wanda gwamnatin CPP ta ba da kuɗin. Sabon shafin ya ƙunshi ɗakunan ajiya na zamani, ɗakin karatu mai kyau, da dakunan gwaje-gwaje na kimiyya, don haka fadada ikon makarantar. An gudanar da bikin bude sabbin gine-ginen a hukumance a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 1962 kuma AJ Dowuona-Hammond, Ministan Ilimi kuma ba zato ba tsammani tsohuwar dalibi, ta bayyana takardar tunawa. Ginin kwana na farko don zama wurin zama ga ɗalibai an kammala shi daga baya a 1966.

Kwalejin ta sami laƙabi Little Legon jim kadan bayan an ba da sabon shafin makarantar, lokacin da wasu dalibai daga Yankin Yamma da suka sami shiga Jami'ar Ghana, suka ba da rahoton a makarantar maimakon Jami'ar Gana, a bayyane yake sun rikice ta hanyar kusanci tsakanin ababen more rayuwa na cibiyoyin ilimi guda biyu.

An bayyana jagorancin A.K. Konuah ta hanyar sadaukar da kai ga daidaito. Ya ba da tallafi da tallafin karatu don rufe karatun, littattafai, da kuɗin rayuwa ga ɗalibai marasa galihu, yayin da marayu suka sami kulawa a ƙarƙashin kulawar Form Masters. Ya kuma gabatar da shirin aiki-nazarin farko wanda ya ba da damar ɗalibai matalauta su biya kudade ta hanyar ayyukan kula da makaranta, wanda kuma ya ba su ma'anar alhakin da dogaro da kansu. Hanyar fastocinsa ta haɗa da ziyarar gida ta ma'aikatan don tantance yanayin rayuwa na ɗaliban da ba sa yin aiki a wasu don ba su taimako mai kyau. A cikin wani mataki na tarihi, Kwalejin Accra ta kuma shigar da ɗaliban mata na farko a lokacin mulkinsa. Baya ga malamai, A.K. Konuah ya horar da al'adun makaranta masu ƙarfi wanda ya wadatar da rayuwar harabar. Har ila yau, makarantar ta ci gaba da kasancewa mai iko a wasanni da aka haifa daga wasannin da ke cikin gidaje. An kuma kafa shirin musayar dalibai tare da Hampton Grammar School a Burtaniya.

Har ila yau, makarantar ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar fahimta tare da Gwamnatin Jamus don shirin musayar dalibai. A cikin 2012, Philips ya shigar da tsarin hasken LED mai amfani da hasken rana a filin wasan kwallon kafa na makarantar, yana mai da Kwalejin Accra cibiyar farko a Yammacin Afirka don amfani da wannan fasahar. Har ila yau, makarantar ta yi bikin Golden Jubilee na harabarta ta Bubiashie a matsayin wani ɓangare na bukukuwan Ranar Masu Kafawa ta 81. Ranar Masu Kafawa ta 83 a cikin 2014 ta ga ƙaddamar da sabbin dakuna huɗu na zama masu suna bayan manyan tsofaffi: Nana Akuoko Sarpong, Rt. Hon. Peter Ala Adjetey, Nana Wereko Ampem II, da Nana Awuah-Darko Ampem I. An ba da izinin filin wasan tauraron dan adam na FIFA don makarantar a ranar 18 ga Yuli 2017 kuma Asamoah Gyan, tsohon jami'in makarantar kuma tsohon kyaftin din kungiyar Black Stars ne ya tallafawa. Tsohon shugaban kasar Jerry John Rawlings ne ya ba da izinin filin wasa. Har ila yau, taron ya ga Asamoah Gyan ya shiga cikin Dokar Platinum ta Makarantar kuma ya zama tsohon jami'in makarantar na biyu da za a girmama shi.

Mista Samuel Ofori-Adjei ya yi ritaya a watan Satumbar 2017 biyo bayan nadin Rev. William Garr, a baya Shugaban makarantar sakandare ta O'Reilly, a matsayin shugaban makarantar Accra na gaba.

A karkashin jagorancin Rev. William Foli Garr, tsohon jami'i kuma Ministan farko da ya jagoranci makarantar, an ba da fifiko sosai kan horo, inganta ilimi, da farfado da al'adu. Rev. Garr ya ɗauki shugabancin Kwalejin Accra a cikin 2017, yana kula da ƙarfin ma'aikata 134, wanda ya ƙunshi ma'aikatan koyarwa na dindindin 85, ma'aikatan da ba ma'aikata ba 50, da Ma'aikatan Ma'aikata 21 na Kasa. A lokacin, yawan ɗalibai ya tsaya a 2,058, tare da masu shiga 1,158 da ɗalibai na rana 900. Bayan ya ga juyin halitta na makarantar tun lokacin da yake dalibi, Rev. Garr ya yi farin ciki sosai da gina sabbin ɗakunan ajiya, Ma'aikatar Taron, da sabbin dakuna uku na zama. Zamanin W. F. Garr ya kasance sananne ne ga ci gaban ababen more rayuwa. An sake gyara dakunan gwaje-gwaje na Kimiyya, kuma an sake fasalin tsarin rarraba ruwa don dakunan gwajen gwaje- gwaje-gaje. Gidan cin abinci na Janet Konuah ya sami fadadawa, yana ƙara yawan wurin zama daga 900 zuwa 1,250. Wannan aikin $ 170,000 an tallafa masa ta hanyar shirin tara kuɗi, gudummawar son rai, da gudummawar kamfanoni. An kuma gyara Hasumiyar Tsaro mai daraja, wanda aka sani da Hasumiyar Michigan, kodayake sabuntawa ta kasance ta ɗan gajeren lokaci. Bugu da ƙari, an gina filin wasan kwando na GH¢173,000 da filin wasan tennis na biyu, yana ba wa ɗalibai wuraren wasanni na zamani. Don magance matsalolin kudi, an kafa Sachet Water Production Plant, samar da ruwa mai suna "Bleoo" a kan karamin sikelin tare da shirye-shiryen fadadawa. Shuka ba wai kawai ta samar da kudaden shiga ba har ma ta yi wa al'ummar makaranta hidima.

Ƙarin ci gaba sun haɗa da gyaran Arch Gate da ɗakin ma'aikata, ƙaddamar da sabon maɓuɓɓugar ruwa, da gabatar da E-Library don haɓaka damar ɗalibai ga albarkatun ilmantarwa na dijital. Har ila yau, makarantar ta amfana daga shirin "Shekara na Hanyoyi" na gwamnati, wanda ya ga asphaltation na hanyoyin makarantar da kuma filin bikin. An gudanar da darussan shuka bishiyoyi da yawa don kyautata harabar da wadatar da yanayin ta. Bugu da ƙari, Ma'aikatar Ilimi, tare da kudade daga Asusun Kuwait don Ci gaban Tattalin Arziki na Larabawa, sun fara sake fasalin dakuna huɗu na gargajiya: Ellen Hall, Awuletey Hall, Alema Hall, da Halm-Addo Hall. Wannan aikin ya yi niyyar dawo da ɗakunan na kowa zuwa ainihin manufar su bayan kusan shekaru 50.

Har ila yau, zamanin ya ga gabatarwar Kalandar Makarantar Biyu ta Hukumar Ilimi ta Ghana (GES) don magance yawan jama'a a manyan makarantun sakandare saboda Manufar SHS ta kyauta. Tsarin ya raba ɗalibai zuwa waƙoƙi biyu - Green da Gold - sauyawa makaranta da lokutan hutu don kara yawan amfani da ababen more rayuwa.

Ayyukan da ba na makaranta ba sun bunƙasa a wannan lokacin. An farfado da tseren kasa-shekara na Inter-Hall, wanda aka dakatar da shi saboda kalubalen kudade, a karkashin jagorancin Bleoo "94. Wannan taron ya inganta salon rayuwa mai kyau da kuma inganta kwarewar wasanni, tare da Peter Ala Adjetey Hall ya fito da nasara a tseren budurwa. Rev. Garr ya kuma fara shirin karatu don haɓaka al'adun karatu tsakanin ɗalibai. An yi amfani da shi a ƙarshen 2017, shirin ya haɗa da ɗalibai suna karanta *Animal Farm * ko *Black Boy * da kuma shiga cikin jarrabawa don gwada fahimtar su. Nasararta ta haifar da cikakken ƙaddamarwa a shekara mai zuwa. A wasanni, makarantar ta ci gaba da rinjaye ta hanyar lashe gasar Zone One Greater Accra School Sports Association Inter-Colleges na shekara ta shida a jere.

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2018, Babban Kwamishinan Burtaniya, Mista Iain Walker, ya ziyarci makarantar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin 'Ranar Burtaniya', da nufin inganta al'adun Burtaniya da harshen Ingilishi. A lokacin zaman hulɗa, wani dalibi ya burge Mista Walker da tayin rage sharar filastik, wanda ya ba shi gayyatar yin gwaji a rana a matsayin Babban Kwamishina.

Duk da wadannan nasarorin, zamanin ba tare da kalubale ba. Rikicin karshen mako wanda ya haifar da abubuwan da suka faru a harabar, kamar haya na Hall na Majalisar da Interact Square, da kuma azuzuwan daliban karatu na nesa daga Jami'ar Ilimi, sun rushe yanayin makarantar shiga. Wani mummunar barkewar wuta a Alema Hall ya kara gwada ƙarfin makarantar. Duk da kokarin da dalibai, ma'aikata, da Hukumar Wutar Lantarki ta Ghana suka yi, zauren ya cika da wuta kuma dole ne a rushe shi. Lamarin ya haifar da binciken tsaro na wuta a duk fadin kasar da shirye-shiryen horo ga ma'aikata da dalibai. A mayar da martani, kungiyoyin tsofaffi, ƙungiyoyin kamfanoni, da PTA sun ba da gudummawa ga akwati, kayan wanka, tufafi, kayan aiki, da abubuwan taimako ga ɗaliban 179 da abin ya shafa.

Cutar COVID-19 ta kara wani nau'i mai rikitarwa. A ranar 12 ga Maris, 2020, Ghana ta yi rikodin shari'arta ta farko, wanda ya sa Shugaba Akufo-Addo ya ba da umarnin rufe makarantu da dakatar da taron jama'a. Ofishin Ilimi na Ghana ya gabatar da dandamali na ilmantarwa na kan layi, kuma an kashe makarantu don shirya sake buɗewa. Dalibai na shekara ta ƙarshe da Gold Track sun koma makaranta a ranar 31 ga Mayu, 2020, a karkashin ka'idojin kiwon lafiya masu tsauri, gami da samar da masks masu amfani da su.

Makarantar ta sake buɗewa gaba ɗaya a ranar 22 ga Yuni, 2020, biyo bayan umarnin gwamnati na ci gaba da ayyukan ilimi a cikin annobar COVID-19. An aiwatar da ƙa'idodin kiwon lafiya masu tsauri, gami da nisantar jama'a, abin rufe fuska na tilas, da rage girman aji. Duk da yake gwamnati ta ba da kayan kariya na mutum (PPE), karancin ya bukaci ƙarin tallafi daga masu ruwa da tsaki. Kungiyoyin tsofaffi, gami da Accra Academy Old Boys" Association (AAOBA) da ACASMA, sun shiga tare da gudummawar PPEs, tabbatar da amincin ɗalibai da ma'aikata.

## Manazarta