Steve Tshwete

**Steve Vukhile Tshwete** (12 Nuwamba 1938 - 26 Afrilu 2002) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne kuma mai fafutuka tare da Majalisar Wakilan Ƙasa ta Afirka . Da yake shiga Umkhonto we Sizwe, hukumomin wariyar launin fata sun tsare Tshwete a kurkuku a tsibirin Robben daga Fabrairu 1964 zuwa 1978. Tshwete ya ci gaba da aiki tare da ANC kuma ya zama kodinetan yanki na sabuwar United Democratic Front . Daga baya ya zauna gudun hijira a kasar Zambiya. Bayan zaben farko na 'yanci a Afirka ta Kudu a shekarar 1994, ya zama ministan wasanni na farko na gwamnati sannan ya zama ministan tsaro da tsaro.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Tshwete a Springs, Gabashin Rand, a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 1938 ga iyayen Xhosa.   Shi ne babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu. Yayin da yake jariri iyayensa sun ƙaura zuwa Peelton ( *Nkonkqweni* ), ƙauyen baƙar fata kusa da Garin Sarki William, Gabashin Cape .  Mahaifiyarsa ce ta koya masa karatu kafin ya fara firamare.  An farkar da muradun siyasarsa yana karanta jaridar Xhosa *Imvo Zabantsundu* a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa.  Ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Forbes Grant a garin King William kuma an gabatar da shi ga ANC ta hanyar littattafan da shugaban makarantar, Mista H. Mjamba ya bayar, kuma a Welsh High da ke Gabashin London ya shiga kungiyar daliban Afirka ta ANC.  Lokacin da ya bar makaranta ya ci gaba da aikinsa tare da ANC. 

## Bayanan siyasa
A matsayinsa na memba na Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) Border Regional Command, an kama shi a watan Yuni 1963 kuma a watan Fabrairu 1964 aka yanke masa hukuncin zaman gidan yari na shekaru goma sha biyar saboda kasancewarsa wani haramtacciyar kungiya.  Ya yi zaman gidan yari a tsibirin Robben kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin fasaha, inda ya karanci Turanci da Falsafa daga Jami'ar Afirka ta Kudu (UNISA). A tsibirin Robben, tare da sha'awar rugby, ya tsara fursunonin cikin ƙungiyoyin rugby kuma ya ƙirƙira gasar.  An sake shi a watan Maris 1978 kuma ya koma ƙasarsa ya zama malami.  A shekara ta 1983, ya sake zama siyasa kuma ya koma United Democratic Front (UDF) ya zama shugaban yankin Gabashin Cape.  A waccan shekarar ne ‘yan sandan Ciskein suka kama shi kuma suka tsare shi na tsawon watanni hudu sannan suka ci gaba da yi masa tsangwama har sai da ya bar Afirka ta Kudu zuwa jam’iyyar ANC a gudun hijira.  Ya fara zama a Maseru, Lesotho, kuma a 1985 ya kasance a Lusaka, Zambia, ya ci gaba da horar da sojoji tare da MK .  

Ya zama kwamishinan siyasa a MK a cikin watan Agustan 1987 kuma ya ba da izini ga rundunonin soji na ANC a Afirka ta Kudu su kai farmaki kan farar hula ta hanyar harin bama-bamai na gidajen cin abinci da wuraren shakatawa a Johannesburg, Pretoria, da Durban.   Kwamitin zartaswa na ANC na kasa ya nisanta kansa daga hare-haren a watan Agustan 1988 bayan da shugabannin masu adawa da wariyar launin fata da kungiyoyin coci-coci suka yi Allah wadai da hare-haren da suka saba nuna goyon baya ga jam'iyyar ANC. name="NYT03" /> Tswete an canza shi ne daga mukaminsa na kwamishinan siyasa a MK kuma ya samu mukami a hukumar zartarwa ta kasa.  A cikin 1987, Tshwete ya shiga cikin tattaunawar, a Dakar, Senegal da Paris, Faransa lokacin da 'yan kasuwa farar fata, ƙwararrun ƙwararrun Afrikaner da manyan 'yan adawa na Afirka ta Kudu suka gana da ANC don tattaunawa. 

Ya koma Afirka ta Kudu bayan an dakatar da jam'iyyar ANC a shekarar 1990 a matsayin memba na kungiyar zartarwa ta kasa da masu tattaunawa. Bayan da jam'iyyar ANC ta lashe zaben farko na 'yanci a 1994, Nelson Mandela ya nada shi a matsayin ministan wasanni, mukamin da ya rike daga 1994 zuwa 1999.  An dora masa alhakin sa ido kan yadda Afrika ta Kudu za ta sake shiga harkokin wasanni na kasa da kasa, da kafa shirye-shiryen raya kasa ga 'yan wasa da mata bakar fata marasa galihu a dukkan wasannin da suka hada da rugby da cricket, da kuma kawar da wariyar launin fata ga kungiyoyin wasanni na kasa. 

A matsayinsa na shugaban teburi na wasanni na jam'iyyar ANC yana da aikin hada kan wasannin da wariyar launin fata ya rutsa da su. Ya na da basirar "kawo makiya da aka rantse a kan teburin tattaunawa tare da sallamar su a matsayin abokan hadin gwiwa ... ya tashi daga wannan ka'idar wasanni zuwa na gaba ya gyara ramuka a kan hanyoyinsu don haɗin kai".  Bayan da ya haɗu da ƙungiyoyin cricket na Afirka ta Kudu ya yi tafiya tare da Ali Bacher zuwa Landan a watan Mayun 1991 kuma ya sami nasarar neman izinin Afirka ta Kudu a Majalisar Cricket ta Duniya .  Ya fara gasar tseren jirgin ruwa ta Gwamna ta farko daga Cape Town zuwa Saint Helena a 1996. 

A lokacin da Nelson Mandela ya yi ritaya, ya yi aiki a gwamnatin farko ta Thabo Mbeki a matsayin ministan tsaro da tsaro daga 1999 har zuwa rasuwarsa a watan Afrilun 2002. An dora masa nauyin dawo da martabar ‘yan sandan da ba a biya su albashi ba, wanda ke da tarihin siyasar wariyar launin fata, da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma yawaitar munanan laifuka a kasar.

A ranar 24 ga Afrilu, 2001, Tshwete, a matsayinsa na Ministan Tsaro da Tsaro, ya sanar, a gidan talabijin na kasar, game da wani bincike da ake zargin wasu jiga-jigan jam'iyyar ANC uku na yunkurin tsige shugaban kasar, Thabo Mbeki . [1] An bayyana sunayensu da Cyril Ramaphosa, Tokyo Sexwale da Mathews Phosa . [1] Jam'iyyar adawa, Democratic Alliance, ta bayyana binciken a matsayin cin zarafin gwamnati da kuma hanyar kawar da 'yan adawa yayin da Mbeki ya nemi wa'adi na biyu a matsayin shugaban kasa. [1] An wanke mutanen uku ne a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2001 lokacin da Tshwete ya bayyana sakamakon binciken kuma ya nemi afuwar mutanen da iyalansu.

## Girmamawa
An sanya wa karamar hukumar Steve Tshwete a Lardin Mpumalanga sunan sa. 

Order na Luthuli a azurfa (2004)

## Mutuwa
An ce ya kamu da ciwon baya a cikin Maris 2002 kuma an tsare shi a keken guragu.  An kwantar da shi a Asibitin Sojoji na 1 na Voortrekkerhoogte da ke Pretoria tare da ciwon huhu da ciwon hanta wanda ya faru bayan tiyatar da aka yi masa na kashin baya.  Ya bar matarsa Pamela, 'ya'yan Lindela, Mayihlome da 'yarsa Yonda.  An karrama shi da jana'izar jana'izar a ranar 4 ga Mayun 2002 kuma an daga tutocin kasar a rabin mast.  

## Manazarta