Filin shakatawa na Zahamena

**Filin shakatawa na Zahamena**

Zahamena National Park wurin shakatawa ne na kasa na Madagascar. An kafa shi a cikin 1997, ya ƙunshi fili mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 423 (163.32 sq mi) daga cikin jimillar kariyar yanki mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 643 (248.26 sq mi).Yana daga cikin Cibiyar Tarihin Duniya ta UNESCO, dazuzzukan ruwan sama na Atsinanana, wanda aka rubuta a cikin 2007 kuma ya ƙunshi takamaiman yankuna 13 waɗanda ke cikin wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa guda takwas a gabashin Madagascar.  A cikin 2001, Bird Life International ta tantance avifauna na nau'ikan nau'ikan 112 waɗanda nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan 67 na musamman ne ga Madagascar.

Wurin yana wurin zama ga nau'in tsuntsaye 112, nau'in nau'in dabbobi masu rarrafe 46, nau'ikan amphibians 62 da nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa 48, gami da nau'ikan lemurs 13. Ƙabilun da ke zaune a yankin galibi Betsimisaraka da Sihanak ne.Fitattun nau'ikan faunal a wurin shakatawa sune: Indri indri (babakoto), lemur baƙar fata mai faci; jajayen mujiya na Madagascar (Tyto soumagnei), wanda aka fi sani da vorondolomena; da katsatsaka (Paroedura masobe), karamar gecko; mikiya na maciji na Madagascar (Eutriorchis astur), nau'in barazana; da kuma newtonia mai jajayen wutsiya (Newtonia fanovanae), nau'in tsuntsayen da aka saba gani a wurin shakatawa. Mafi shaharar nau'ikan furanni guda biyu sune Marattia boivinii (kobila) da Blotella coursii (fanjana malemy).

**labarin kasa**

Wurin shakatawa, a gabashin tsibirin Madagascar, yana da nisan kilomita 40 (25 mi) arewa-maso-gabas da Ambatondrazaka, kilomita 4 (2.5 mi) daga Manakambahiny-Gabas, kilomita 70 (43 mi) zuwa arewa maso yammacin Tamatave da kimanin kilomita 25 (16 mi) gabas daga tafkin Alaotra. Ana ganin yana da wahalar isa, don haka baya jan hankalin masu yawon bude ido da yawa[7]. Yana daga cikin yanayin yanayin gandun daji da muhalli na dazuzzukan dazuzzukan Atsinanana. Ya kasance a cikin kakkausan yanayi, yanayin fuskar dutsen gabas a matsayin wani yanki na tsaunin Madagascar mai tsayin mita 254–1,560 (833–5,118 ft).Wannan filin yana samar da layin rarraba na ƙananan wurare. Yankin filin shakatawa yana da fayyace iyakoki a arewa maso gabas da kudu An raba wurin shakatawa zuwa shiyyoyi biyu (a gabas da yamma) ta hanyar corridor mai ƙauyuka a tsakanin.Yankin wurin shakatawa yana kunshe da kwaruruka da yawa kuma koguna kamar kogin Sahatavy da kogin Sarondrina ne ke zubarwa. A gefen arewa-maso-yamma na wurin shakatawa akwai wasu koguna da yawa da ke zubewa zuwa tafkin Alaotra.Ofishin kula da wurin shakatawa yana a Antanandava.A yanayin yanayi, wurin shakatawa yana samun ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a cikin kewayon 180-200 cm; Matsakaicin zafin jiki da aka rubuta yana cikin kewayon 15-28C.

**Flora**

Gidan shakatawa na gida ne ga wasu kyawawan dazuzzukan dazuzzuka a Madagascar.Bisa la'akari da bambancin tsayin dajin, nau'in ciyayi kuma na da bambancin halittu. Yana da arziki a cikin ciyayi na gandun daji (99% na yankin yana rufe da dazuzzuka) tare da nau'ikan flora da yawa. Dajin dajin da ke da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano a cikin ƙaramin yanki na wurin shakatawa ya ƙunshi gabaɗaya alfarwar bishiya mai tsayin mita 15-20 (49-66 ft) tsayi tare da fitowar tsayin mita 25 (82 ft). Dabbobin bishiyoyi a cikin wannan ƙananan tsayin tsayi sune Tambourissa, Pterophylla, Diospyros, Cryptocarya agathophylla, da Dalbergia. Yankin shrub ya haɗa da nau'ikan ferns bishiyar Cyatheales da Cyatheales, Screw ferns (Lindsaea linearis) da Pandanus. Har ila yau dajin yana da wuraren dajin na biyu. Har zuwa tsakiyar tsaunuka, ana lura da gandun daji mai ƙaƙƙarfan ɗanɗano da ɗanɗano. Sama da wannan matakin, ciyayi masu yawan gaske sun ƙunshi dazuzzukan montane na sclerophyllous. Ana ganin gangaren dajin tare da ciyayi masu yawa tare da ganye (Impatiens, Begonia) da ferns Polystichum a matsayin flora masu rinjaye a matakin ƙasa na dazuzzuka. A matsayin wani ɓangare na yanayin gandun daji, flora da aka ruwaito daga wurin shakatawa sun haɗa da nau'in orchids 60, nau'in dabino 20, da nau'in tsire-tsire 500 ko fiye.

**Fauna**
Ana samun namun daji da aka ruwaito a cikin dazuzzukan dazuzzukan a duk wuraren shakatawa na kasar. Dabbobin da aka ruwaito sun ƙunshi nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa guda 45 da suka haɗa da nau'ikan lemurs guda 13  waɗanda su ne: Diademed sifaka, lemur baki-da-fari, indri (Indri indri), dwarf lemur mai gashi-kunne (Allocebus trichotis), Aye-aye ko endemic na gida da bala'in Lake Alamuotra. Dabbobin da suka fi yawa a wurin shakatawa sune: Malagasy primates wanda ya ƙunshi iyalai biyar waɗanda lemurs ne; Bakwai nau'in Rodentia da nau'ikan Carnivora shida; 46 nau'in dabbobi masu rarrafe ciki har da Sanzinia madagascariensis (VU); 25 endemic da kuma kusa-endemic nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa. Daga cikin wadannan nau'o'in, an ruwaito 22 a cikin nau'in barazanar, nau'in nau'in 8 na cikin jerin abubuwan da ke cikin hadari, nau'in 9 suna cikin hadari, kuma nau'in nau'in 5 suna da rauni. Hakanan akwai nau'ikan Chiroptera masu yawa.

**Avifauna**

Kungiyar Bird Life International (IBA) ta gano wani yanki mai girman murabba'in kilomita 731 (282 sq mi) a cikin 2001, a cikin yankin da aka katange ciki har da wurin shakatawa. Wurin shakatawa yana da wadataccen yawan tsuntsayen da suka ƙunshi nau'ikan nau'ikan 112, kuma 67 daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan an ba da rahoton cewa suna da yawa, adadi mafi girma a Madagascar. Sanannun nau'ikan da aka rubuta sune: mikiya na maciji na Madagascar (Eutriorchis astur), Madagascar sparrowhawk (Accipiter madagascariensis), Henst's goshawk (Accipiter henstii), Madagascar flufftail (Sarothrura insularis), Madagascar itace dogo (Canirallus kioloides), Madagascar blue pigeon (Trangascari oscargato), Madagascar blue pigeon (Trangascari oscargato). soumagnei), red-tailed newtonia (Newtonia fanovanae), Madagascar crested ibis (Lophotibis cristata), launin ruwan kasa mesite (Mesitornis unicolor), ja-breasted coua (serriana), ja-gaba coua (reynaudii), ja owl (Tyto soumagnei), blue coua (Coua callareduguna), coua callareduguna asity

## Manazarta