open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Cocin Orthodox na St. Mark Coptic (Los Angeles)

**Cocin Orthodox na St Mark Coptic** ( 'Yan Koftik :  // fassara : *ti.eklyseya en.remenkimi en.ortodoxos ente fi.ethowab Markos* ) cocin Coptic Orthodox ne a Los Angeles kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin cocin Coptic da aka kafa a Amurka . Yana ɗaya daga cikin majami'u sama da 200 na Cocin Orthodox na Coptic a Amurka .  

## Tarihin Ikilisiya
An kafa Cocin Orthodox na Coptic na St. Mark na Los Angeles a matsayin cocin Coptic na biyu a Amurka, kuma an kafa shi a shekarar 1970 tare da kimanin iyalai 200 a lokacin. [1] Iyalan Coptic a Los Angeles sun fara zama tun daga ƙarshen shekarun 1960 lokacin da aka ba wa marigayi Father Bishoy Kamel aikin yi wa cocin hidima a shekarar 1969, [2] a lokacin Paparoma Cyril VI na Paparoma. Fr. Bishoy fitaccen ɗan Copt ne, ana ɗaukarsa waliyyin zamani a cikin Cocin, kuma ya taimaka wajen gano ba kawai cocin St. Mark ba har ma da wasu coci da gine-gine da dama a duk faɗin Masar, Amurka, Turai da Ostiraliya. [3]

Da farko cocin ya yi amfani da ginin Orthodox na Syriac don ɗaukar nauyin ibadarsa. Daga nan, cocin ya sayi ginin da ake amfani da shi a yanzu wanda Orthodox na Rasha ke amfani da shi a da.  Shekaru da dama bayan haka, a shekarar 1995, aka kafa Cocin Orthodox na Coptic na Los Angeles, Kudancin California da Hawaii . Paparoma Shenouda na III, Paparoma na Alexandria (a lokacin), ya naɗa HG Serapion a matsayin Bishop na cocin, wanda ya haɗa da Cocin St. Mark da kuma wasu majami'u da dama na cocin . A halin yanzu akwai iyalai kusan 650 na Cocin St. Mark suna hidima  tare da wasu da dama waɗanda ke cikin majami'u daban-daban na coci a duk faɗin California. 

## Duba kuma

* Cocin Orthodox na 'yan Koftik
* Wurin zama na Paparoma na Orthodox na Coptic na Alexandria
* Gine-ginen 'yan Koftik
* Alkahira ta 'yan Coptic
* Cocin Orthodox na Coptic a Arewacin Amurka

## Manazarta
Jami'ar Yahudawa ta Karaite

**Jami'ar Yahudawa ta Karaite** kamfani ne mai zaman kansa wanda aka kafa a California, Amurka,   a watan Nuwamba na 2005 don yaɗa nazarin addinin Yahudanci na Karaite .

## Tarihi
Ajin farko na jami'ar "Gabatarwa ga Yahudanci" ya fara ne a watan Fabrairun 2006 kuma ya ƙare a watan Mayun 2007. Goma sha huɗu daga cikin waɗanda suka kammala karatun sun koma Yahudanci tare da 'ya'yansu a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Congregation Bnai Israel of the Karaite Jews of America a Daly City, California, a ranar 30 ga Yuli, 2007.  An gudanar da sauye-sauyen ne a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Yahudawan Ḳaraite na Amurka da kuma amincewar Majalisar Masu Hikima.  Waɗannan su ne farkon waɗanda aka amince da su a hukumance zuwa Yahudanci bisa ga al'adar Karaite tun daga 1465. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

A ranar 2 ga Satumba, 2007, jami'ar ta ba Mourad El-Kodsi, masanin tarihi kuma marubucin littattafan *The Karaite Jews of Egypt*  da *The Karaites of Poland, Lithuania, Rasha & Ukraine digirin girmamawa a fannin Ilimi.*  An nada El-Kodsi a matsayin Dean Emeritus na jami'ar wanda aikinsa zai kasance jagorantar ɗaliban jami'ar da suka kammala karatun digiri.

Shugaban Jami'ar na yanzu shine Hakham Meir Rekhavi. 

## Amincewa
Jami'ar Yahudawa ta Karaite ba ta da izinin zama cibiyar ilimi. [undefined] Duk da haka, Majalisar Masana ta Yahudanci ta Karaite ta ba ta izinin koyar da Gabatarwa ga kwas ɗin Yahudanci na Karaite, [undefined] ga Yahudawan Rabbana da ke son yin alaƙa da Yahudanci na Karaite, da kuma waɗanda za su iya shiga Yahudanci bisa ga al'adar Karaite. Yahudanci na Karaite na Duniya shine hukumar hukuma da Isra'ila ta amince da ita a matsayin wadda ke wakiltar Yahudawan Karaite a cikin al'amuran da suka shafi matsayinsu . [1] [2]

## Manazarta
Ikilisiyar B'nai Isra'ila (Daly City, California)

**Congregation B'nai Israel** coci ce ta Yahudawa da kuma majami'ar Yahudawa ta Karaite, wadda take a lamba 1575 Annie Street, a Daly City, a yankin San Francisco Bay, a California a Amurka. Ita ce kawai cocin Karaite a Amurka.  An sayi ginin majami'ar a shekarar 1995 daga wata tsohuwar cocin Orthodox mai suna B'ai Israel. 

Malam Malcolm Cohen ya yi wa jama'a hidima tsawon shekaru 19. [1]

## Manazarta
St. George & St. Shenouda Cocin Orthodox na Coptic (Jersey City, New Jersey)

**Cocin Orthodox na Cocin St George da St Shenouda (Coptic Orthodox Church** ) :  *ⲫⲏⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ*  Ⲅⲉⲁⲃ *en.remenkimi en.orthodoxos ente fi.ethowab Gewargios nem fi.ethowab shenouty* ) ita ce cocin ' yan Koftik Orthodox na biyu da aka kafa a cikin Jersey City, New Jersey .  Yana ɗaya daga cikin Cocin Orthodox na Coptic sama da 200 a Amurka .  

## Tarihi
Kiristocin Coptic Orthodox, waɗanda suka bi tsohuwar addinin Kirista da aka kafa a Masar a ƙarni na farko, sun kafa sansani a duk faɗin New Jersey a cikin shekaru da yawa da suka gabata. Cocin Coptic Orthodox na farko a Amurka ita ce St. Mark's da ke Jersey City, wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1970 ta hanyar baƙi 'yan Masar, kuma tun daga lokacin majami'un sun girma wajen ba da izinin wasu parishes 15 a New Jersey kaɗai, gami da Cocin St. Mark a wannan yankin na Jersey City. [1]

Ana iya danganta yawaitar kwararar ' yan Copts a New Jersey da tsananta musu a Masar, ban da waɗanda suka yi ƙaura don neman ilimi da damar kuɗi. A halin yanzu, akwai 'yan Copts sama da 30,000 musamman a Jersey City.  An fara kafa cocin St. George & St. Shenouda a shekarar 1973, kodayake ainihin ranar da aka kafa cocin ita ce Janairu 1974. 

### Faɗaɗa
Shekarar 1977 ita ce ziyarar farko ta fasto da Paparoma Shenouda na Uku ya kai Amurka da Kanada, ciki har da majami'u biyu mafi tsufa a birnin Jersey (waɗanda kawai a lokacin).  A halin yanzu akwai iyalai kusan 1500 na Coptic da Cocin St. George da St. Shenouda ke yi wa hidima  tare da wasu da dama da ke cikin majami'u daban-daban a duk faɗin arewacin New Jersey musamman. 

## Duba kuma

* Cocin Orthodox na 'yan Koftik
* Wurin zama na Paparoma na Orthodox na Coptic na Alexandria
* Gine-ginen 'yan Koftik
* Alkahira ta 'yan Coptic
* Cocin Orthodox na Coptic a Arewacin Amurka
** Cocin Orthodox na Coptic a Kanada
** Cocin Orthodox na Coptic a Amurka
** Jerin Cocin Orthodox na Coptic a Amurka
*** Cocin Orthodox na Coptic na St. George (Philadelphia)
*** Cocin Orthodox na Coptic na St. Mark (Jersey City, New Jersey)
*** Cocin Orthodox na Coptic na St. Mary da St. Antonios (Ridgewood, Queens)
*** Cocin Orthodox na Coptic na St. George (Brooklyn)
*** Cocin Orthodox na St. Abraham Coptic (Woodbury, New York)

## Manazarta
St. Abraam Cocin Orthodox na Coptic

**{Cocin Orthodox na St. Abraham (Coptic Orthodox Church** :  // fassara : *ti.eklyseya en.remenkimi en.ortodoxos ente fi.ethowab Abra'am* ) cocin Coptic Orthodox ne da ke Woodbury, New York . Yana ɗaya daga cikin Cocin Orthodox na Coptic sama da 200 a Amurka .  

## Tarihin Ginin
Iyalai 20 ne suka kafa Cocin Orthodox na St. Abram Coptic a watan Janairun 1978, [1] shekaru biyar kacal bayan an kafa cocin Orthodox na Coptic na farko a New York a Ridgewood, Queens da Brooklyn, New York. [2] Fiye da shekaru goma, waɗannan iyalai sun yi amfani da cocin Ukraine a Hicksville don ɗaukar Liturgies na mako-mako. [3] A watan Satumba na 1989, Paparoma Shenouda na III ya albarkaci filayen da aka mallaka a shirye-shiryen gina cocin. [3]

Bayan an gina cocin a shekarar 1990, a wata ziyarar fastoci da Paparoma Shenouda ya kai masa, an tsarkake cocin a ranar 12 ga Janairun 1992. Ita ce Cocin Orthodox na Coptic na farko a Long Island, New York . 

Cocin Orthodox na St. Abram yana hidima a yankuna a Long Island da kewaye, musamman a gundumar Nassau, wanda ke gabashin Queens . Ikklisiyar Orthodox ta Coptic mafi kusa ita ce Cocin Orthodox na St. Mary &amp;amp; St. Antonios, a Ridgewood, Queens . Cocin Orthodox na Coptic na St. Abram ya sami hidima daga firistoci da yawa kamar Fr. Micheal Tobia na Gabashin Brunswick NJ, Fr. Marcos Ghaly na Toledo, Ohio,  yayin da limaman Coptic Orthodox a Arewacin Amurka galibi ke ziyartar ko yi wa coci-coci hidima na ɗan lokaci waɗanda har yanzu ke ci gaba. Duk da haka, tun daga 'yan shekarun nan, an naɗa Fr. Girgis Tadros firist na dindindin na cocin har zuwa yanzu. Cocin Orthodox na St. Abram Coptic a halin yanzu yana da firistoci biyu, The Very Rev. Fr. Guirguis Tadros, The Very Rev. Fr. Moussa Shafik, da The Very Rev. Joseph Loka. A halin yanzu akwai kimanin iyalai 600 na Cocin Orthodox na St. Abram Coptic da ke hidima. 

Paparoma Tawadros na Biyu ne ya kafa Daular Orthodox ta Coptic ta New York da New England a hukumance a shekarar 2013. An yi wa Bishop David nadin sarauta a wasu bukukuwa da aka yi a Alkahira, Masar a ranakun 16-17 ga Nuwamba, 2013. An nada Bishop David a matsayin sarki a ranar 7 ga Disamba, 2013 a Cocin Orthodox na St. Abram Coptic a wani biki da ya tattaro dubban mabiya Coptic, malamai, da manyan mutane. Wannan cocin yanzu ita ce wurin zama na bishop.

## Duba kuma

## Manazarta
St. Mary & St. Antonios Cocin Orthodox na Coptic

**Cocin Orthodox na St. Mary da St. Antonios na Coptic** ( 'Yan Koftik :  fassarar : *ti.eklyseya en.remenkimi en.orthodoxos ente fi.ethowab Maria nem fi.ethowab Antonios* ) yana cikin Ridgewood, Queens kuma shine mafi tsufa cocin Coptic Orthodox a Queens .  Yana ɗaya daga cikin Cocin Coptic Orthodox na 287 a cikin Amurka .   

## Tarihi
Cocin St. Mary & St. Antonios, kasancewarsa ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin majami'un Coptic Orthodox a Arewacin Amurka, an fara shi a watan Maris na 1972, [1] kuma shine cocin Coptic Orthodox na farko a New York [2] haka kuma shine cocin Coptic na uku a Amurka, biyu na farko sune Cocin Coptic Orthodox na St. Mark a Jersey City da Cocin Coptic Orthodox na St. Mark a Los Angeles . Duk da haka, bayan 'yan watanni, an kafa Cocin Coptic Orthodox na St. George a Brooklyn, kuma daga ƙarshe, cocin Coptic ya fara bayyana a ko'ina cikin birnin New York da kuma New York. Wannan ya haifar da kafa cocin Coptic Orthodox kimanin 15 a Jihar New York .

Bayan an gina cocin, a wata ziyarar fasto da Paparoma Shenouda na Uku ya kai, an tsarkake cocin a watan Satumba na 1989. A halin yanzu firistoci uku ne ke gudanar da ibadar, domin akwai iyalai sama da 300 na Cocin St. Mary & St. Antonios ke yi wa hidima. 

## Manazarta
Yunana Bobo

**Jonah Bobo** (an haife shi a 1996 ko 1997  ) mawakin Amurka ne kuma tsohon ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na yara. An fi saninsa da rawar da ya taka a matsayin Danny Budwing a fim ɗin *Zathura: A Space Adventure* na 2005, Robbie Weaver a fim ɗin *Crazy, Stupid, Love* na 2011, da kuma muryar Austin the Kangaroo a cikin shirin talabijin mai rai na Nickelodeon *mai suna The Backyardigans.*

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Bobo a Tsibirin Roosevelt, New York a gidan Yahudawa 'yan Orthodox.  Mahaifinsa yana aiki a fannin software, yayin da mahaifiyarsa ƙwararriyar mai ilimin motsa jiki ce kuma mai horar da kai.  Kakarsa ta uba ita ce 'yar kasuwa ' yar Siriya kuma mai taimakon jama'a Salha "Mama" Bobo.  

## Sana'a
Fim ɗinsa na farko shine fim ɗin The Best Thief in the World. Ya fito tare a Around the Bend, inda ya nuna ƙaramin ɗan cikin iyali na ƙarni huɗu. Daga baya an saka Bobo a cikin Zathura: A Space Adventure a matsayin Danny Budwing. Fim ɗinsa na gaba shine Strangers with Candy. Ya nuna matashi Victor Mancini a cikin Choke. Ya kuma bayyana a cikin 30 Rock a matsayin paparazzo mai suna Ethan. Ya bayyana a Roosevelt Island a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Seussical, Jr. a Main Street Theatre and Dance Alliance. Ya kuma kasance a cikin shiri na 5 na Royal Pains. Daga 2004 zuwa 2013, Bobo ya yi wa Austin rawar gani a cikin Nickelodeon 's The Backyardigans . A 2011, ya bayyana a cikin Crazy, Stupid, Love a matsayin Robbie.

Bobo kuma mawaki ne, mawaƙi kuma mai zane-zanen wasan kwaikwayo, inda aka ba shi kyaututtuka daga Gidauniyar Kyauta ta Richard Rodgers da Cibiyar Wasan Kwaikwayo ta Eugene O'Neill. A watan Satumba na 2021, Bobo ya fitar da kundin wakokinsa na farko *mai suna Newgrass Suite* .  An fitar da kundin wakokinsa na biyu *mai suna Rainbow* a watan Satumba na 2023.

## Fim ɗin fim

### Fim

### Talabijin

## Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai

## Manazarta
Wolofization

**Koyar da Wolofi** ko **Koyar da Wolofi** wani sauyi ne na al'adu da harshe wanda al'umma ko jihohi ke amfani da harshe ko al'adun Wolof, kamar a yankin Senegambia . A Senegal, Wolof harshe ne na gama gari    Koyar da Wolofi ya mamaye dukkan fannoni na Senegal kuma ya mamaye ƙasar Gambia .  Wannan lamari ya haifar da damuwa sosai ga sauran ƙabilun Senegambian kuma ya haifar da ɗaukar matakai don kiyaye harsunansu da al'adunsu. Dangane da wannan, ƙabilar Serer waɗanda suka daɗe suna yaƙi da Musulunci da Koyar da Wolofi sun ɗauki matakai masu mahimmanci a cikin shekarun da suka gabata ta hanyar kafa ƙungiyoyi da sauran ƙungiyoyi don kiyaye harsunansu, al'adunsu da " tsoffin tarihin addini ."    Masu magana da Haalpulaar, wato Fula da Toucouleur suma suna ɗaukar matakai don kiyaye harshensu. 

## Ƙwararru
Mutane da yawa suna jayayya cewa tunda Wolof shine harshen da ake amfani da shi a Senegal, ya kamata ya zama harshen hukuma. 

## Suka
Al'amarin Wolofization da ke faruwa a Senegal da mamaye ƙasar Gambiya ya sha suka daga yawancin masana Serer, Mandinka da Haalpulaar ( Fula da Toucouleur ).       Serer masanin tarihi kuma marubuci Babacar Sedikh Diouf yana kallon Wolofization a matsayin barna ga harsuna da al'adun sauran kabilun Senegambian kamar Serer, Jola, Mandinka, Fula, da sauransu, kuma ya yi kira da a yi "samun kabilanci" tsakanin kabilun Wolof . A ra'ayinsa, Diouf ya ɗauki Wolofization a matsayin wani nau'i na "ƙaddara" homogenization na Senegal ta Wolof.    Dan uwansa Serer haziki Marcel Mahawa Diouf, tare da Mandinaka haziki Doudou Kamara, da Haalpulaar hazikan Yoro Doro Diallo da Cheikh Hamidou Kane suna ra'ayin Diouf.  Masanin tarihi kuma marubuci Marcel Mahawa Diouf ya bayar da mafita mafi tsauri don magance "matsalar Wolofization". Tunda Wolof cakuda ne na kabilu daban-daban na yankin Senegambia, kuma har ma harshensu ( harshen Wolof ) ba ainihin harshen Wolof ba ne, amma asalin harshen mutanen Lebu ne, Marcel Mahawa ya yi kira da a haɗu tsakanin duk waɗanda ba Wolof ba waɗanda suka yi ƙawance ta tarihi da juna. A zahiri, wannan zai zama Serers, Toucouleurs, Soninke (Sarakolés), Sossés (Mandinka), Jola, da Lebou. Manufar sake duba waɗannan tsoffin ƙawance (inda wata ƙabila ta nemi taimako da kuma wata amsa, wadda aka fi sani da ita a Senegambia da *gamo*, daga tsohuwar kalmar Serer *gamohou* ko *gamahou* ("nemo zuciyar da ta ɓace", ita kanta wani bikin addini na Serer na da  ) shine a raba Wolof ta haka a raba su da yankin Senegambia da tarihinta. 

## Duba kuma

* Harsunan Senegal
* Harsunan Gambia
* Rikicin Casamance 

## Manazarta
Harshen Kota (Gabon)

**Kota**, ko ***iKota***, yare ne na Bantu da Gabon)" id="mwFQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kota people (Gabon)">Mutanen Bakota ke magana. Ana magana da shi a arewa maso gabashin Gabon, Lardin Ogooué-Ivindo da kuma wasu yankuna na Jamhuriyar Kongo. A cewar Ethnologue akwai masu magana da Kota 34,442 a Gabon da 9,055 a Jamhuriyar Kongo.

Kota ya ƙunshi yaruka da yawa, waɗanda suka haɗa da: *Ndambomo*, *Mahongwe*, *Ikota-la-hua*, *Sake*, *Menzambi*, *Bougom* .

## Ilimin sautuka

Kota kuma tana da sautuka biyu;  babba da ƙasa.

## Manazarta
Haneefah Adam

Haneefah Adam (an haife ta a shekara ta 1992) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Najeriya, [1] [2] [3] wacce aka sani da yin fasaha da kayayyaki ta amfani da kayan abinci a matsayin matsakaiciyarta. [4]

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Adam a Legas a cikin iyalin Musulmi na 6 amma ya girma a Ilorin, wanda ke zaune a Jihar Kwara, Najeriya.  Tana da digiri na farko a fannin ilimin lissafi daga Jami'ar IIorin da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin kimiyyar magunguna da gano magunguna daga Jami'an Coventry.

Ta kasance abokiyar shirin The Leading African Women in Food Fellowship (LAWFF) -2023.

## Ayyuka
Ayyukan Adam yawanci suna bincika batutuwan da suka shafi ainihi, al'adu, da wakilci, sau da yawa suna hakar ma'adinai daga abubuwan da ta samu da kuma hulɗarsu. Ta sami shahara a shekarar 2015, lokacin da ta canza Barbie zuwa "hijabi", yar tsana ta Barbie da ke sanye da hijab. A shekara ta 2016, ta lashe nune-nunen #TechMeetArtNG,   wanda ya kaddamar da aikinta. Ayyukan Adam sun samo asali ne daga siffofi, launuka da tarihin da aka samu a cikin abinci daban-daban. Kwarewar Adam ita ce sutura, zane da fasahar abinci.

Ta gudanar da nune-nunen ta mai taken "Life long percussion" a Mala'iku da Muse a Legas. An nuna zane-zanenta "Labarinta" a cikin Rele Art Gallery Lagos (2018),Impart Art Fair Lagos (2019) da kuma "A Changing Landscape the Female" wanda aka nuna a Van Der Plas Gallery, New York . 

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na mata na Najeriya

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Harsunan Gambiya

languages of The Gambia}}A cikin Gambiya, ana magana da Mandinka a matsayin yare na farko da kashi 38% na yawan jama'a, Pulaar da kashi 21%, Wolof da kashi 18%, Soninke da kashi 9.5, Jola da kashi 2.4, Serer da kashi 1.4, Manjak da Bainouk da kashi 1.6 kowannensu, Portuguese Creole da kashi 1, da Ingilishi da kashi 0.5. Ƙananan lambobi suna magana da wasu harsuna da yawa. Gambian Sign Language yana amfani da kurame. Turanci shine babban harshe don dalilai na hukuma da ilimi.

## Duba kuma
 

* Alƙaluman Jama'a na Gambia

## Manazarta
Fidelis Duker

**Fidelis Duker** fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne na Najeriya kuma mai shirya bikin fina-finai. 

## Sana'a
Duker ya fara aikinsa ne a shekarar 1988 yana rubuta wasan kwaikwayo a NTA, gidan talabijin na jama'a na Najeriya. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

A shekarar 2003, Duker ya kafa manufar bikin fina-finai na ƙasa da ƙasa na Abuja (AIFF),  daya daga cikin manyan bukukuwan fina-finai na Afirka da suka fi dadewa ana gudanarwa duk shekara a Abuja ta Najeriya, wanda shi ne ya kafa taron a karo na 18 a shekarar 2021. 

## Naɗi da kuma amincewa
A shekarar 2016, Duker ya lashe kyautar 'Rayuwa Achievement Award,'  a kyautar Best of Nollywood Award (BON) da aka gudanar a Aba.

A watan Maris na shekarar 2023, an naɗa Duker a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin membobin alkalan gasar cin kofin fina-finai da talabijin ta Pan African da ke Ouagadougou, FESPACO.

## Fim ɗin fim

* Ese Atijo – Yarbawa – 1993
* Skeleton – Igbo – 1994 
* Nemesis - Turanci - 1995
* Ba Wasiyyata ba - Turanci - 1996
* Nemesis 2 – Turanci - 1996
* Badakaloli - Turanci - 1997
* An ƙaddara mutuwa 1 - Turanci - 1997
* Badakaloli 2 - Turanci - 1998
* An ƙaddara don mutuwa 2 – Turanci - 1998
* 'Yan'uwan Blood - Turanci - 1998
* Visa Zuwa Jahannama – Turanci - 1999
* Sarkin Kudi – Turanci - 1999
* Likita Mutuwa - Turanci - 2000
* Maƙiyi a Ciki - Turanci - 2001
* Soyayya Mai Tsarki - Turanci - 2002
* Hot Passion - Turanci - 2002
* Baka Boys – Turanci - 2003
* Ma'aikatan Jinya na Dare - Turanci - 2003
* Jesu Mushin – Turanci – 2004
* Aljanna a Amurka - 2005
* London Blues - Turanci - 2006
* Hanyar Ƙarshe – Turanci 2007
* Senseless – Hausa - 2008  starring Segun Arinze, Bimbo Akintola, Kanayo Kanayo, Femi Branch, Ngozi Ezeonu
* Kuɗi da Ɗauka - Turanci - 2009
* Asiri Ile – Yoruba - 2009
* Onyeama – Igbo – 2010
* Sade Oloso – Yoruba - 2011
* Dada Oni Paki – Yoruba - 2012

## Shirye-shiryen talabijin

* Hotuna - Jerin Talabijin - 2001
* Eldorado - shirin talabijin - 2005
* 'Yan Matan Ƙofar Gaba – 2007
* Yara Kadai – 2008

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

*
Lena Cymbrowitz

**Lena Cymbrowitz** (1 ga Janairu, 1957   &#x2013; 21 ga Agusta, 2000)  'yar siyasa ce 'yar Amurka wadda ta yi aiki a matsayin 'yar Democrat a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar New York . Ta wakilci Gundumar Majalisar 45, wadda ta haɗa da al'ummomin Brooklyn na Flatbush, Midwood, Sheepshead Bay, Manhattan Beach, Gerritsen Beach, da wani ɓangare na Brighton Beach .

## Rayuwar farko, iyali, da ilimi
An haifi Cymbrowitz ( née Azizo)  a ƙasar Masar kuma ta zo Amurka tare da iyayenta,  Albert Azizo da Lilianne Tawil Tawil Azizo.  Tana da digirin farko a fannin Adabin Turanci. Kafin zaɓenta, ta yi aiki a fannin tara kuɗi da tallatawa. 

## Sana'a
A watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1998, bayan amincewar da jaridar New York Times ta yi a zaben fidda gwani na watan Satumba, [1] an zabi Cymbrowitz a babban zaben gundumar 45 ga Majalisar Dokokin Jihar New York . Ta sami sama da kashi 70% na kuri'un da aka kada kuma ta maye gurbin tsohon dan Majalisar Daniel Feldman . [2] Wannan ya sanya ta zama Bayahudiya ta farko da aka taba zaba a matsayin gwamna. Ta mutu a shekarar 2000, inda ta yi kasa da wa'adi daya a ofis. An sanya wa Lena Cymbrowitz lambar yabo ta 'Yan Majalisa Mai Daraja a cikin tunawa da ita. [3] Yayin da take kan mulki, ta yi kira da a kara kudin da aka ware don yin gwajin mammographs .

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Cymbrowitz ta haifi 'ya'ya biyu (Jay da Jennifer)  tare da mijinta, Steven Cymbrowitz .  Ta mutu a ranar 21 ga Agusta, 2000, bayan dogon yaƙi da cutar kansa . 

## Manazarta
Ali Al-Tantawi

**Mohammad Ali Al-Tantawi** ya kasance dan kasar Siriya Sunni lauya, marubuci, edita, mai watsa shirye-shirye, malami kuma alƙali wanda aka dauke shi daya daga cikin manyan mutane a wa'azin Islama da wallafe-wallafen Larabawa a karni na ashirin.
}} 

Al-Tantawi ya karbi Kyautar Sarki Faisal a shekarar 1990 saboda hidimomin da ya yi wa Islama.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Al-Tantawi a Damascus a shekarar 1909, a cikin iyalan malaman addini: kakansa na uba, wanda ya ƙaura daga Masar, ya kammala karatunsa a al-Azhar wanda ya ƙware a fannin ilmin taurari, mahaifinsa ma malamin addinin Musulunci ne, haka nan kuma kawunsa na mahaifiyarsa, Sheikh Muhibb ad-Deen al-Khatib.

Bayan halartar babban taron Maktab Anbar, al-Tantawi zai yi karatun shari'ar Musulunci a Jami'ar Damascus, kuma zai yi yaƙi da mamayar Faransa a Siriya da kuma aikin Yahudawa a Falasdinu, ɗaya daga cikin malaman Musulunci na farko da suka mayar da hankali kan wannan batu. Al-Tantawi ya rubuta a jaridun Larabawa da yawa tsawon shekaru, mafi mahimmanci daga cikinsu shine mujallar Masar mai suna Arrissalah daga 1933 zuwa 1953.

'Yarsa, Banan al-Tantawi ta kashe ta da tawagar kisa da gwamnatin Assad ta aiko a ranar 17 ga Maris 1981. 

Da yake bai iya ci gaba da aikinsa na Islama ba kamar yadda yake so, sai ya koma Saudi Arabia a ƙarshen shekarun 1960 inda ya shafe shekaru da suka gabata na rayuwarsa. Ya mutu a 1999 kuma an binne shi a Jedda .

## Littattafai

* Janar Gabatarwa ga Islama, Dar al-Manarah, 2000 (bugawa ta uku), 255 p.
* A Critical Gabatarwa Ga Islama: Life Is A Journey, AlifBooks, 2025 (Amazon ebook edition) 

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0FT69P2DM

* [Hasiya]

## Manazarta
Branka Đukić

**Branka Đukić** (Serbian_Cyrillic_alphabet" id="mwDA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Serbian Cyrillic alphabet" typeof="mw:Transclusion">Serbian Cyrillic: Бранка Ђукић; 4 ga Satumba 1956 - 2 ga Satumba 1975) yarinya ce 'yar shekara goma sha takwas mai shekaru goma sha takwas da 'yan Albania biyu suka harbe ta bayan sun yi ƙoƙarin yi mata fyade. Wannan shari'ar ta ja hankalin jama'a kuma ta haifar da babbar gardama a cikin al'ummar Yugoslav. A ƙarshen shari'ar da ake zargi da aikata laifin, mahaifin Branka, Rade Đukić, ya harbe ɗaya daga cikin wadanda ake tuhuma biyu har ya mutu.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Branka Đukić a shekara ta 1956 a ƙauyen Meteh, a cikin garin Plav . Ta kammala makarantar firamare a Meteh, kuma ta kammala shekaru uku na makarantar sakandare a Plav .  Bayan shekara ta uku (bayan da wani farfesa ya yi mata zargin jima'i a makaranta), ta yanke shawarar canja wurin zuwa dakin motsa jiki a birnin Peć . 

Da safe a ranar 2 ga Satumba 1975, ta bar gida don yin rajista a Peć Gymnasium . A kan hanyar dawowa, ta hau bas zuwa tashar a saman Dutsen Čakor kuma ta ci gaba da tafiya gida a kan dutsen. A can, 'yan Albania biyu ne suka yi mata kwanton bauna wadanda suka yi mata fyade da bindiga.[1] Đukić ya yi tsayayya, ya bulala daya daga cikin maza kuma ya tofa musu. Yayin da ta yi ƙoƙarin tserewa, ɗaya daga cikin masu aikata laifin biyu ya harbe ta, ya buge ta a bayan kanta kuma ya kashe ta nan take.[2] Daga baya mahaifinta, Rade Đukić ne ya gano jikinta.[3]

## Shari'a
Wani ɗan gajeren bincike na 'yan sanda ya tabbatar da cewa matasa biyu na Albania ne suka aikata laifin, Rustem Hasanmetaj da Gani Kurmehaj, daga ƙauyen Gornji Streoc, kusa da Peć.

An yi shari'arsu a Kotun Gundumar da ke Bijelo Polje . Kotun ta sami mai aikata laifin farko (Hasanmetaj) da laifi, ta yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 15 a kurkuku, yayin da abokin aikinsa (Kurmehaj) ya sami hukuncin shekaru 13.5. A ranar 4 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1975, ranar karshe ta shari'ar, mahaifin Branka, Rade Đukić, wanda aka ba shi izinin kasancewa a cikin kotun a duk lokacin shari'ar da kuma lokacin da aka yanke masa hukunci, ya fitar da bindiga ya harbe Hasanmetaj har ya mutu

Shari'ar ta jawo hankalin jama'a da kafofin watsa labarai  kuma wata takarda da ke kira ga sakin Rade Đukić ta tattara sa hannu 75,000. 

Daga baya aka yanke wa Rade Đukić hukuncin shekaru takwas a kurkuku saboda aikin ramuwar gayya. A lokacin shari'arsa, lauya Veljko Guberina ne ya wakilce shi. Daga baya, Kotun Koli ta Montenegro ta rage hukuncinsa zuwa shekaru biyar. Tun da yake ya riga ya yi shekaru hudu na hukuncinsa a wannan lokacin, hukumomi sun yanke shawarar sakin shi.

## Dubi kuma

* Đorđe Martinović

## Manazarta
Mutuwar Ayat Al-Rifai

**Ayat Al-Rifai**, wata matashiya 'yar Siriya, mijinta da iyayenta ne suka kashe ta a ranar 31 ga Disamba 2021 a unguwar Al Moujtahed ta Damascus .  Kafofin yada labarai na Syria sun ce ta mutu ne sakamakon tashin hankali da mijinta da iyalinsa suka yi mata. Bayan mutuwarta, Ma'aikatar Bayanai da Hukumar Kula da Harkokin Iyali ta Siriya sun kaddamar da kamfen din "Kada ku yi shiru" don wayar da kan jama'a game da batutuwan tashin hankali na gida.

Mijin Al-Rifai da iyayenta sun furta cewa an yi mata duka wanda hakan ya kai ga mutuwarta.[1] A ranar 8 ga Nuwamba 2022 a cewar jaridar Syria Al-Watan, Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta farko a Damascus ta yanke wa mijinta da mahaifinsa hukuncin shekaru bakwai a kurkuku kuma ta umarce su da su biya iyalin Al-Rifai fam miliyan 15 (SYP). [2] An saki mahaifiyar mijinta bayan an yi amfani da ita. Mutuwar Al-Rifai ta jawo hankali ga rashin ka'idojin aikata laifuka a cikin dokar Siriya da ke magance tashin hankali na cikin gida a matsayin laifi.[2]

## Manazarta
Mutuwar Rojin Kabaiş

**Mutuwar Rojin Kabaiş** ta bayyana bayan an gano jikinta a bakin Tekun Van, kusa da unguwar Mollakasım a Gundumar Tuşba ta Lardin Van, Turkiyya.

Kabaiş dalibi ne na shekara ta farko a Sashen Ci gaban Yara a Jami'ar Van Yüzüncü Yıl . Binciken farko da aka gudanar a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Van ba ta sami wata shaida ta karfi ko raunin bindiga ba, kuma ba a gano karyewar ƙashi ba.[1] Koyaya, an lura da canza launi a wuyansa, gwiwa, da wuraren hannu. Rahoton ya bayyana cewa an aika samfurori na jini, fitsari, da gabobin ciki zuwa Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Istanbul don tantance ainihin dalilin mutuwar.[2][3][3]

## Hanyar taron
Kabaiş ta ƙaura daga Diyarbakır zuwa Van don karatunta. An bayar da rahoton bacewarta a ranar 27 ga Satumba 2024. Bayan bincike na kwanaki 18, an gano jikinta a ranar 15 ga Oktoba 2024 a bakin tekun Van, kusa da ƙauyen Mollakasım .  Wani rahoto na shari'a mai kwanan wata 6 ga Nuwamba 2024 ya bayyana cewa an gano samfurori na DNA na maza biyu daban-daban; duk da haka, ba a gano wani binciken da aka gano ko wanda ake zargi daga waɗancan samfurori ba. A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 2025, an ki amincewa da wani yunkuri na majalisa da jam'iyyar Peoples' Equality and Democracy Party (DEM Party) ta gabatar don bincika mutuwar Rojin Kabaiş a cikin Babban Majalisar Dokokin Turkiyya (TBMM) tare da kuri'un Jam'iyyar Justice and Development Party (AKP) da Jam'iyyar Nationalist Movement Party (MHP). 

## Mutuwa
Iyalin Rojin Kabaiş sun ki amincewa da ikirarin cewa ta kashe kanta ko kuma ta nitse, suna mai cewa ba ta mutu ta wannan hanyar ba.

## zanga-zangar
A cikin Eskişehir, an lalata mural ɗin da aka kirkira don tunawa da Rojin Kabaiş. Maganar *"Mene ne ya faru da Rojin?"* da kuma hoton Kabaiş sun lalace, kuma an zana tutar Turkiyya kusa da su.

## Manazarta
Yunin 2013 Harin Quetta

A ranar 15 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2013, jerin bama-bamai da kuma kewaye da suka biyo baya sun haifar da mutuwar mutane 26 da raunin da yawa. A wannan rana, 'yan tawaye sun kai hari kuma sun rushe tarihin Quaid-e-Azam Residency a Ziarat.

## Tarihi
Quetta, wani birni a kudu maso yamma tare da yawan mutane 900,000, ya fuskanci tashin hankali mai tsanani, da farko an yi wa 'yan tsirarun Musulmi Shia, sau da yawa ana danganta su ga kungiyoyi kamar Laskar-e-Jhangvi . 

A watan Janairun shekara ta 2013, wani fashewar bam a wani zauren wasan snooker ya kashe akalla mutane 81, galibi Musulmai Shia. Hakazalika, a watan Fabrairu, kusan mutane 90 sun mutu a fashewar bam a wani kasuwa da ke cikin yankin Hazara Shia na birnin.[1]

## Hare-haren
 
Hare-haren sun fara ne da fashewar na'urar fashewa da ke haɗe da bas da ke dauke da dalibai daga Jami'ar Mata ta Sardar Bahadur Khan .  Fashewar ta lalata motar gaba daya, ta kashe mata 14 kuma ta jikkata wasu 19. Bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci, wani mai fashewa da bam ya kai hari a kusa da Bolan Medical Complex, inda ake kula da wadanda ke fama da fashewar bam na farko. Wata kungiya ta 'yan bindiga biyar ta tilasta shiga cikin fili, yayin da manyan jami'an siyasa na Quetta ke ziyartar wadanda suka ji rauni, wanda ya haifar da harbi na tsawon sa'o'i tare da jami'an tsaro. Siege din ya ƙare tare da akalla mutane 12 da suka mutu, ciki har da maharan hudu, sojoji hudu na Sojojin Pakistan da ma'aikatan asibiti hudu. Ɗaya daga cikin 'yan bindigar ya tsira daga harin kuma sojojin gwamnati sun kama shi.

An yi imanin cewa wadanda aka yi niyyar fashewar bam din sun kasance Shia daga 'yan tsirarun kabilun Hazara, wadanda suka kasance wadanda aka yi wa hare-haren da suka gabata a Balochistan. Koyaya, saboda canjin hanyar da ya gabata, bas ɗin ya ɗauki ƙungiyar ƙabilu kuma an bayyana shi a matsayin "mafarki mara kyau" na masu aikata laifin.

## Dubi kuma

* Cin zarafin 'yancin dan adam a Balochistan
* Hare-haren Quetta

## Manazarta
Ricardo Barreda

Ricardo Alberto Barreda (16 Yuni 1936 - 24 Nuwamba 2020) ya kasance likitan hakora na Argentina wanda aka yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai saboda kisan matarsa, Gladys McDonald, 'ya'yansa mata biyu, Cecilia da Adriana Barreda, da surukinsa, Elena Arreche, a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba 1992. An ba shi izinin yin magana a ranar 29 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2011. Barreda ya mutu shekaru tara bayan haka a gidan kulawa tare da Cutar Alzheimer daga ciwon zuciya.

## Manazarta
Bala'in Bunker

**Bala'in Bunker** wani mummunan aiki ne da ma'aikatan suka yi a sansanin Herzogenbusch (wanda aka fi sani da Kamp Vught) a cikin Netherlands, a watan Janairun 1944 a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu .

## Abubuwan da suka faru
Lokacin da aka kulle wata mace daga barikin 2 a cikin kurkukun sansanin ('bunker'), wasu mata sun nuna rashin amincewa da shi. A karfafa gwiwar abokin aikinsa Hermann Wicklein, kwamandan sansanin Adam Grünewald yana da mata da yawa da aka tsare a cikin tantanin halitta daya a matsayin horo ga zanga-zangarsu. A ƙarshe, an matsa mata 74 tare a cikin tantanin halitta na 115, wanda ke da filin bene na 9m2 kuma da wuya a sami iska. Bayan sa'o'i 14 na tsare, an saki fursunoni daga tantanin. Mata goma ba su tsira daga dare ba.

Ba da daɗewa ba lamarin ya zama sananne a waje da sansanin kuma an rubuta shi a cikin jaridu na juriya. Hukumomin mamayewa ba su gamsu da gaskiyar cewa labarai sun ɓace ba. Grünewald da Wicklein an gurfanar da su a kotun soji saboda yawan zalunci. Dukansu biyu an same su da laifin kisan kai; An yanke wa Grünewald hukuncin shekaru 3.5 a kurkuku kuma an yanke wa Wicklein hukuncin watanni shida a kurkuku. An gafarta musu duka bayan sun yi wata daya a kurkuku. Koyaya, an saukar da Grünewald kuma an umarce shi ya yi yaƙi a Gabashin Gabas, inda aka kashe shi a yaƙi a watan Janairun 1945. 

Tineke Wibaut [nl], daya daga cikin wadanda abin ya shafa, ta rubuta: 'Lokacin da fitulun suka kashe, firgici ya tashi a tsakanin matan. Wani bakon sautin kumburi ne, wanda wani lokaci yakan ragu, amma nan da nan ya sake kumbura. Addu'a da kururuwa da ihun mata ne ya jawo hakan. Wasu sun yi ƙoƙari su yi ihu don su kwantar da hankalin matan, don su iya ajiye oxygen. Wani lokaci zai taimaka kadan, amma sai ya sake farawa. Ba zai tsaya ba, ya ci gaba da tafiya har tsawon dare. Ya ragu, ko da yake, saboda zafi yana shaƙa.' [ana yanayi hujja]

Ana tunawa da wannan taron a kowace shekara a cikin da'irar rufewa.

## Dubi kuma

* Black Hole na Calcutta
* Sansanin Nazi

## Tushen da bayanin kula
Beant Singh (mai kisan kai)

**Beant Singh** (6 ga watan Janairun 1959 - 31 ga watan Oktoba 1984) na ɗaya daga cikin masu tsaron gida guda biyu da suka kashe Firayim Minista Indira Gandhi a gidanta a New Delhi a ranar 31 ga watan Oktobar 1984. 

## Rayuwa ta farko da iyali

An haifi Beant Singh a cikin iyalin Ramdasia Sikh  ga Baba Sucha Singh da Kartar Kaur .

Gwauruwar Singh, Bimal Kaur Khalsa, da farko ta shiga ƙungiyar mayakan Sikh  kuma daga baya aka ɗaure ta. Daga baya aka zabe ta a matsayin memba na Lok Sabha daga mazabar Ropar . Mahaifinsa, Baba Sucha Singh, an kuma zabe shi a Lok Sabha daga Bathinda.

An zabi ɗansu, Sarabjeet Singh Khalsa, a Lok Sabha daga Faridkot a shekarar 2024. 

## Kashe Indira Gandhi da mutuwarsa
An yi kisan ne saboda fansa ga Operation Blue Star, wanda gwamnatin Indiya ta gudanar a Harmandir Sahib (Golden Temple) a Amritsar.

Yayin da Gandhi ya wuce ta ƙofar wicket da Satwant Singh da Beant Singh ke tsare, biyun sun bude wuta. Beant Singh ya harbe ta uku a cikin ciki daga bindigar .38, kuma Satwant Singh ya harba harbe 30 daga bindigarsa ta Sterling bayan ta fadi. Nan da nan wasu masu gadi suka harbe Beant Singh kuma suka kashe shi. Daga baya aka rataye Satwant Singh a shekarar 1989, tare da abokin tarayya Kehar Singh .

## Kyauta
A shekara ta 2003, an gudanar da bikin Bhog a Akal Takht a cikin Haikali na Zinariya a Amritsar, inda aka biya haraji ga masu kisan kai.

A shekara ta 2004, an yi bikin tunawa da mutuwarsa a Akal Takht, inda babban firist ya girmama mahaifiyarsa, kuma jam'iyyun siyasa daban-daban sun biya Satwant Singh da Kehar Singh kyauta.

A ranar 6 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2008, Akal Takht ya ayyana Beant Singh da Satwant Singh 'shahidai na Sikhism'.  

Shiromani Akali Dal ya yi bikin tunawa da mutuwar Beant Singh da Satwant Singh a matsayin 'ranar shahadar' a karo na farko a ranar 31 ga Oktoba 2008.  Tun daga wannan lokacin, ana kiyaye 'ranar shahadarsu' a kowace shekara a Akal Takht . 

## Manazarta
Satwant Singh

**Satwant Singh** (1962 - 6 Janairu 1989) na ɗaya daga cikin masu tsaron gida, tare da Beant Singh, wanda ya kashe Firayim Minista na Indiya, Indira Gandhi, a gidanta a New Delhi a ranar 31 ga Oktoba 1984. Kisan ya kasance a matsayin fansa ga Operation Blue Star na Indira Gandhi .  An kashe shi saboda rawar da ya taka a kisan a shekarar 1989.

## Kashewar Indira Gandhi
Dalilin kisan Indira Gandhi shine fansa ga Operation Blue Star da gwamnatin Indiya ta gudanar a kan Harmandir Sahib, a Amritsar, Indiya.

Beant Singh ya jawo bindiga .38 kuma ya harbe harsashi uku a cikin ciki na Indira Gandhi; yayin da ta fadi ƙasa, Satwant Singh ya harbe dukkan zagaye 30 daga bindigarsa ta Sten a cikin ciki (saboda haka, an harbe harls 33 gabaɗaya, daga cikinsu harsashi 30 sun buge ta). Dukkanin masu kisan kai daga baya sun sauke makaman su kuma sun mika wuya.[1][2]

Nan da nan wasu masu gadi da ke wurin suka harbe Beant Singh har ya mutu. An kama Satwant Singh kuma daga baya aka yanke masa hukuncin kisa ta hanyar ratayewa tare da abokin makirci Kehar Singh . A cikin sanarwar kotu, Satwant Singh ya yi kira ga kawo karshen tashin hankali na al'umma a kasar, yayin da yake zargin Indira da Rajiv Gandhi. An aiwatar da hukuncin ne a ranar 6 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1989.

## Sakamakon haka
Kisan Gandhi ya kawo iyalansu na kusa cikin haske,  wanda ya haifar da lashe kujerun Lok Sabha guda biyu daga jihar Punjab.  Lok Sabha memba ne na Majalisar dokokin Indiya da aka zaba kai tsaye.

Bayan kisan Satwant Singh da Kehar Singh, tashin hankali na al'umma ya faru a Punjab, wanda ya haifar da kashe 'yan Hindu 14 da' yan ta'adda. A shekara ta 2003, an gudanar da bikin Bhog a mafi girman wurin zama na Sikh a Akal Takht, wanda ke cikin Golden Temple Complex a Amritsar, inda aka biya haraji ga masu kisan Indira Gandhi.

A cikin 2004, an sake yin bikin tunawa da mutuwarsa a Akal Takhat, Amritsar, inda babban limamin coci ya karrama mahaifiyarsa kuma aka biya Satwant Singh da Kehar Singh daga jam'iyyun siyasa daban-daban. A shekara ta 2007, an gudanar da bukukuwan tunawa da mutuwar Satwant Singh da matarsa a sassa daban-daban na Punjab da wasu kasashe. A ranar 6 ga Janairu 2008, Akal Takht ya ayyana Beant Singh da Satwant Singh "Shahidan Sikhism", [2] [3] [4] yayin da SGPC kuma ta lakafta su "shahidan al'ummar Sikh".

Jam'iyyar siyasa ta Sikh a Indiya, Shiromani Akali Dal, ta yi bikin tunawa da mutuwar Beant Singh da Satwant Singh a matsayin "shahadar" a karo na farko a ranar 31 ga Oktoba 2008.  Kowace 31 ga Oktoba tun daga lokacin, ana kiyaye wannan ranar a Sri Akal Takht Sahib . 

An yi fim din da ake kira *Kaum de Heere* game da shi a shekarar 2014. 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Mahaifin Singh shi ne Tarlok Singh .  Ya auri Surinder Kaur (ɗan Virsa Singh) a ranar 2 ga Mayu 1988 yayin da yake kurkuku. Saurayinsa ya auri shi a waje ta hanyar "aure" hotonsa a cikin Anand Karaj.

## Manazarta
K. P. Mathur

Krishna Prasad Mathur likita ne na Indiya wanda ya kasance likitan Indira Gandhi, tsohon Firayim Minista na Indiya. [1] Ya kasance daya daga cikin mutane kalilan da suka hadu da ita kafin Beant Singh da Satwant Singh suka kashe ta a ranar 31 ga Oktoba 1984. [2]

Gwamnatin Indiya ta ba shi lambar yabo ta huɗu mafi girma ta farar hula ta Indiya ta Padma Shri a shekarar 1984. 

## Manazarta
Ruhun Jezebel

"The Jezebel Spirit" ita ce waƙar ta biyar daga kundin 1981 My Life in the Bush of Ghosts na David Byrne da Brian Eno .  An sake shi a matsayin guda a wannan shekarar.

## Abun ciki
Waƙar ta haɗa da "sauti da aka samo" - fitar da aljanu da wani mai fitar da aljani ba tare da sunansa ba ya yi - a kan kiɗan Afrobeat mai kama da wanda Byrne da Eno suka yi amfani da shi a cikin kundin Talking Heads Remain in Light . [1] Cutar ta kasance rikodin Kathryn Kuhlman, amma dukiyarta ta hana amfani da muryarta.[2] Maganar Ruhun Yezebeli tana nufin mace Yezabila a cikin Littafin Sarakuna a cikin Littafi Mai-Tsarki na Ibrananci. Bisa ga labaru a cikin wannan babi, Jezebel ya zama mai alaƙa da karuwanci.

## Karɓar baƙi

Duk da yake kundin ya sami karbuwa sosai daga masu sukar, waƙar ta jawo hankalin zargi mara kyau. Jon Pareles ya rubuta a cikin mujallar Rolling Stone cewa Byrne da Eno sun yi amfani da fitar da aljanu don nasu dalilai kuma "sun sauƙaƙa taron".

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* discogs.com/Brian-Eno-David-Byrne-The-Jezebel-Spirit/release/297043" id="mwcg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Ruhu na Yezebel" a discogs.com
* allmusic.com/composition/the-jezebel-spirit-mc0002544794" id="mwdQ" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Ruhu na Yezebel" a allmusic.com
Mace Mai Ƙarfi

"Hard Headed Woman" waƙar dutse ce da Elvis Presley ya rubuta kuma kamfanin wallafe-wallafen Presley ne ya buga ta,   a shekarar 1958. Yana da nau'in Amurka 12 da marubucin waƙoƙin Afirka na Amurka Claude Demetrius ya rubuta. An fi rubuta shi a matsayin waƙar dutse da juzu'i ta Presley a matsayin wani ɓangare na sauti don fim dinsa Na 1 King Creole, kuma an haɗa shi a cikin kundin rikodin wannan sunan. An kuma saki waƙar a matsayin guda a cikin tsarin 78 RPM  da 45 RPM. A shekara ta 1958, ya tafi No. 1 Yuli 21st a kan sigogi na *Billboard* kuma ya tafi No na 2 na makonni biyu a kan sashin R & B.  Musamman, ya zama dutse na farko da ya zama guda don samun sunan RIAA na Gold Record. Lokacin da waƙar ta tafi lamba ɗaya, Elvis yana cikin Fort Hood Texas, yana yin horo na asali.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Daga baya Wanda Jackson ta rubuta shi a cikin kundin Live at Town Hall Party 1958. An kuma saki "Hard Headed Woman" a matsayin 45 rpm kuma ya sami iska mai yawa a ƙarshen shekarun 1950.[1] Waƙar da aka yi a kan Jackson version ya haɗa da matsanancin amfani da murya, yana mai da wuya a faɗi idan mawaƙin namiji ne ko mace.

## Kalmomin
Kalmomin waƙar suna kewaye da ra'ayin cewa "mata sun kasance matsala ga maza tun farkon duniya", wani batu da aka kwatanta ta hanyar misalai na siffofin Littafi Mai-Tsarki Adamu da Hauwa'u, Samson da Delilah, da Yezebel.

## Shafuka

## Manazarta
Ithobaal na I

Ithobaal I shine sunan wani sarki na Taya na ƙarni na 9 KZ wanda aka ambata a cikin labarin Yezebel daga Littafi Mai-Tsarki na Ibrananci, kuma a cikin ambaton da Josephus ya yi na jerin sarakunan Taya da marubucin Phoenician Menander na Afisa ya haɗa (karni na 2 KZ).

## Tushen da jerin lokutan
Bayani na farko da ya shafi Ithobaal ya fito ne daga ambaton Josephus na marubucin Phoenician Menander na Afisa, a cikin Against Apion i.18. A nan an ce sarki na baya, Phelles, "Ithobalus, firist na Astarte, wanda ya yi sarauta shekaru talatin da biyu, ya rayu shekaru sittin da takwas; ɗansa Badezorus (Baal-Eser II) ya gaje shi".

Bisa ga aikin F. M. Cross  da sauran malamai   waɗanda suka ɗauki 825 BC a matsayin ranar guduwar Dido daga ɗan'uwanta Pygmalion, bayan haka ta kafa birnin Carthage a 814 BC, an haifi Ithobaal a 915 BC, ta kashe Sarki Phelles kuma ta ɗauki kursiyin a 883 BC, kuma ta mutu a 847 ko 846 BC.

## Dangantaka da Ahab na Isra'ila
Ithobaal yana da kyakkyawar hulɗa ta diflomasiyya tare da Sarkin Ahab na Isra'ila. 1 Sarakuna 16:31 ya ba da labarin cewa 'yarsa Jezebel ta auri Ahab (874 - 853 BC),  kuma tasirin Phoenician a Samariya da sauran biranen Isra'ila ya kasance mai yawa. A cikin 1 Sarakuna Ithobaal an lakafta shi sarkin Sidonians. A wannan lokacin Taya da Sidon sun haɗu cikin mulki ɗaya.

## Tushen Assuriya na kai tsaye
Ba a ambaci Taya a matsayin abokin adawar Shalmaneser III a Yaƙin Qarqar a 853 BC ba,  amma shekaru goma sha biyu bayan haka, a 841,  ɗan Ithobaal Ba'al-Eser II ya ba da haraji ga masarautar Assuriya.

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin Sarakunan Taya
* Pygmalion
* Dutse na Gávea

## Bayani

## Manazarta
Kogon Iliya

**Kogon Iliya** shine sunan da aka yi amfani da shi don koguna biyu a Dutsen Karmel, a Haifa, Isra'ila, wanda ke da alaƙa da annabi Littafi Mai-Tsarki Iliya. Bisa ga al'ada, an yi imanin cewa Iliya ya yi addu'a a wani kogo kafin ya kalubalanci firistocin Ba'al a Dutsen Karmel (1 Sarakuna 18), kuma ya ɓoye a cikin wannan ko a cikin wani kogo da ke kusa da fushin Yezebel (1 Sarakunan 19:1-3). 

Gidaje biyu a Dutsen Karmel, a Haifa, an kira su a tarihi "Kwarin Iliya". Babban wurin ibada da aka sani da "Cave of Elijah" yana kan hanyar Allenby ta Haifa, a Dutsen Karmel, kimanin mita 40 sama da matakin teku. Shekaru da yawa, ya kasance makoma ga mahajjata Yahudawa, Kirista, Musulmi da Druze.[1] kogon Iliya a cikin Allenby Road ya kasu kashi biyu don yin addu'a, daya ga maza da daya ga mata; kogon yana bayan labule.[2] An kuma san kogon da el-Khader a Larabci.[3] Druze suna ɗaukar shi mai tsarki, [1] kuma da yawa daga cikinsu suna nuna Iliya a matsayin "el-Khidr", annabin kore wanda ke nuna ruwa da rayuwa.

Wasu sun dauki kogon a matsayin aikin mu'ujiza. An ce ana kawo marasa lafiya zuwa kogon da fatan za a warkar da su.

Wani kogo na biyu, wanda ke da alaƙa da Iliya, yana kusa, a ƙarƙashin bagaden babban coci na Masallacin Stella Maris, kuma a Dutsen Karmel .

## Labarin Littafi Mai-Tsarki

A cikin Littafi Mai-Tsarki, a cikin Littattafan Farko na Sarakuna 19:9, annabi Iliya ya nemi mafaka a cikin kogo a Dutsen Horeb bayan ya yi tafiya na kwanaki 40 da dare 40. Lokacin da ya farka, Allah ya yi magana da shi.

Kafin taron da aka yi a saman Dutsen Karmel, Iliya ya kalubalanci firistocin Kan'ana su nemi wuta daga allahn su Ba'al don kunna hadaya. Lokacin da Ba'al ya kasa amsa roƙonsu, Iliya ya sake gina bagaden Ubangiji da aka rushe kuma ya miƙa hadayar kansa. Nan da nan, wuta daga sama ta cinye hadaya, duk da cewa an tsoma shi cikin ruwa.[1][2][3]

## Tushen tarihi

### Babban wurin ibada
"Kwarin Iliya" an gabatar da shi da farko a matsayin wani ɓangare na Dutsen Karmel a cikin ayyukan matafiya, masana tarihi, mahajjata da sauran baƙi.

Mai Hajji na Bordeaux wanda ya ziyarci Dutsen Karmel bai ambaci kogon ba a cikin bayanansa, kawai ya rubuta cewa "akwai Dutsen Karmele, akwai Iliya da aka miƙa hadaya ... ".

Ioannes Phokas, mahajjata wanda ake zaton ya tafi kogon a cikin 1185, ya rubuta: "Bayan waɗannan (wuraren) akwai Dutsen Karmel, (...) A ƙarshen tudun Dutsen Karmele da ke fuskantar teku, akwai kogon Annabi Iliya, ...".

Wani mahajjata Bayahude wanda ake zaton ya ziyarci kogon a lokacin tsakanin 1270 da 1291 ya rubuta: "A can a kan gangaren Dutsen Karmel akwai kogon, kuma akwai majami'ar da aka keɓe ga Iliya, a tuna da shi da kyau. Sama da kogon, a saman dutsen, akwai kogon Elisha. "

Masanin Ingilishi kuma matafiyi, Richard Pococke, ya rubuta a cikin bayanansa a cikin 1738 cewa Iliya ya rayu kuma ya bauta a cikin ɗakin addu'a na kogon, kuma cewa Kiristoci, Yahudawa da Musulmai suna girmama shafin, kuma an ziyarce shi a ranar haihuwar Iliya. Pococke ya nuna cewa ziyartar kogon a ranar Asabar bayan Asabar ta'aziyya ya zama al'ada.

### Stella Maris kogo

## Manazarta
Kisan Murshidabad na 2008

Kisan Murshibad na 2008 shi ne yanke kan Shailendra Prasad, ma'aikacin Hindu daga Bihar don auren Munira Bibi yarinya Musulmi daga West Bengal, bisa umarnin kotun **' a Murshidabad a ranar 14 ga Yuli 2008. Munira Bibi, gwauruwar wanda aka azabtar, daga ƙarshe ta yi nadama game da ziyarar da ta kai gidan iyayenta inda ta rasa mijinta.

== Tarihi ==
Shailendra Prasad, ɗan asalin [[Bihar]], ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaci a [[Mumbai]], inda Munira ta yi aiki a matsayinta na baiwa. Sun ƙaunaci juna kuma sun yi aure a shekara ta 2001. Munira ta fito ne daga wani kauye na Orthodox, inda kotun **' ta ci tarar mahaifinta Ansari Sheikh da adadin rupees ɗari biyu don aika 'yarsa zuwa aiki a Mumbai.

## Shari'a da kisa
Ma'auratan sun sake ziyartar Lakshmanpur a watan Yulin 2008, a wannan lokacin tare da ɗansu mai watanni goma. Kamar yadda ya faru a baya, Shailendra ya ɗauki ainihin Munna Sheikh don tserewa daga fushin mutanen ƙauyen Orthodox. Surukinsa Ansari Sheikh, duk da haka, ya lura cewa bai ba da addu'o'insa na Jumma'a ba, kuma bai amsa gaisuwa ba.[1] A ranar 14 ga watan Yulin, Ansari Sheikh ya ji murya daga Shailendra yayin wani al'ada na addini, wanda ya kasance cikakkiyar gudummawa game da addininsa kuma ya sanar da dattawan ƙauyen shakku da rana. An kira kotun shalishi a filin makarantar firamare ta ƙauyen a wannan maraice ta dattawan ƙauyen. A kotun, an tilasta wa Shailendra sutura don bincika asalin addininsa kuma lokacin da aka same shi ba tare da kaciya ba an yi masa duka sosai. Shugabannin siyasa da na addini ashirin da biyu na kotun shalishi, tare da Ansari Sheikh, sun yanke Shailendra da laifin auren yarinya Musulmi kuma sun ba shi hukuncin kisa. Hannunsa da ƙafafunsa an ɗaure su. An rufe shi kuma an kai shi filin jute da ke kusa, inda masu kisa hudu suka yanke makogwaronsa.￼

Kamar yadda Shailendra Prasad ya ɓace daga daren 14 ga Yuli, matarsa Munira Bibi ta yi imanin cewa ya gudu zuwa Mumbai. Mahaifinta ya ajiye komai daga mahaifiyarta da ɗan'uwanta. A ranar 27 ga watan Yulin, lokacin da Munira ta ji labarin makomar mijinta daga wasu mazauna kauyen ta bi mahaifiyarta da ɗan'uwanta zuwa ofishin 'yan sanda na Berhampore don gabatar da korafi. 'Yan sanda sun riga sun gano gawar da aka fille kan wani mutumin da ba a san shi ba a cikin jakar bindiga da ke kwance a cikin filayen jute kwanaki goma da suka gabata a ranar 17 ga Yuli. A ranar 28 ga watan Yuli, 'yan sanda sun kai hari kauyen kuma sun kama mutane uku da suka jagoranci shalishi. Sauran mazauna ƙauyen da suka shiga cikin shalishi da Ansari Sheikh sun tsere daga ƙauyen. A ranar 1 ga watan Agusta, babban rundunar 'yan sanda karkashin jagorancin karin mai kula da' yan sanda Debashis Bej ya kai hari kauyen Lakshmanpur kuma ya tsare mazauna kauyen 26 don yin tambayoyi. ￼

Sakataren Cikin Gida Ashok Mohan Chakrabarti ya yi alkawarin daukar mataki mafi tsauri a kan masu laifin.

## Manazarta