Obi Wali

**Obi Wali** (an haife shi ranar 27 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 1932 ya mutu a ranar 26 ga watan Afrilu shekarar 1993) ya kasance mai rajin kare hakkin marasa rinjaye, kuma dan siyasa, fitaccen sanata, masanin adabi, kuma mai magana ne daga Najeriya. kuma cikin nasarorin da ya samu, ya yi gwagwarmaya don neman tsirarun kabilun Ikwerre ya kuma yi ikirarin cewa ya kamata a rubuta adabin Afirka da yarukan Afirka.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Obi Wali a ranar 27 ga watan Fabrairu, shekarar 1932 a Garin Rumuigbo, hedkwatar Masarautar Apara, a cikin Karamar Hukumar Obio Akpor ta Jihar Ribas .  Iyayensa sune Late Chief Frank Wali Otogbo da Late Mrs. Jane Wali Otogbo diyar shahararren Marigayi Cif Ezebunwo Amadi Nwondugba, wanda shi ne babban mai mulkin Oroworukwo Rebisi a karamar hukumar Fatakwal ta Jihar Ribas . Yana da ƙaramin sibbling, Marigayi Mrs Patience Waku Okabie Worgu. Ya yi karatu a makarantar Afirka ta Yamma, Calabar, sannan ya bi makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine, Nkwerre . Don karatun sakandarensa ya halarci Kwalejin Jami'a ta Ibadan, inda ya kware a fannin adabi. Sannan ya ci gaba da karatu a Amurka, inda ya samu digiri na uku a fannin adabi. 

Ba a sami ƙarin ƙarin bayani game da rayuwarsa ta farko ko rayuwa ta sirri / ta iyali.

## Ayyuka
Wali yana daya daga cikin iyayen da suka kafa jihar Ribas a Najeriya kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishina na Ilimi na farko, sannan ya kasance memba na majalisar zartarwa ta farko a jihar.  Daga baya an zabe shi a matsayin memba na Majalisar Tsarin Mulki ta shekara ta 1978 sannan kuma ya zama memba na Kwamitin Tsara Tsarin Mulki wanda ya tsara Tsarin Mulkin shekarar 1979 na Tarayyar Najeriya .An zabe shi a matsayin dan majalisar dattijan Tarayyar Najeriya a Jamhuriya ta Biyu kuma a shekarar 1980 an zabe shi Shugaban marasa rinjaye na Majalisar Dattawa, Tarayyar Najeriya  .

A matsayinsa na dan siyasa, watakila an fi tuna shi da yin gwagwarmayar kare kananan kabilun Ikwerre a Najeriya. Sanata Wali na daya daga cikin sanannun shugabanni daga yankin Neja Delta da ke ci gaba da yaki da nuna wariyar launin fata ga 'yan Neja Delta kabilar Ikwerre. Ya yi gwagwarmayar kirkirar Fatakwal daga cikin Jihar Ribas ta Nijeriya ta lokacin. Kirkirar jihar Fatakwal ga mutanen Ikwerre ya kasance muhimmiyar nasara a cikin shawarwarinsa na kawo karshen nuna wariya da danniyar da aka yi wa Ikwerre, da kuma jajircewar da jihar ta yi da amfani da albarkatunsu.  Wali ya yi yakin neman a gyara rashin daidaito a cikin yanayin zamantakewar tattalin arziki da siyasa na kasar Najeriya a duk lokacin da yake siyasa. Ana kuma tuna shi saboda kiran da ya yi na yin nazari mai zurfi game da alkawurran da Najeriya ta dauka ga Kungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Yammacin Afirka (ECOWAS). 

Baya ga matsayinsa na siyasa, Wali ya kasance farfesa a Jami’ar Najeriya, Nsukka, inda ya koyar da kwasa-kwasan da suka hada da “Gabatar da Adabin Afirka.”Bayan gudummawar ilimi da siyasa a Najeriya, Wali ya kuma ba da gudummawa ga karatun adabi.

## Gudummawa da ra'ayoyi kan adabin Afirka
Wali an san shi da ikirarin cewa ya kamata a rubuta adabin Afirka da yarukan Afirka kawai. Ya nanata mahimmancin da ake rubuta ayyukan "Afirka" a cikin harsunan manoman Afirka da azuzuwan aiki maimakon Ingilishi ko wasu yarukan na waje. Ta hanyar kawancen wadannan ajujuwan da ke tsakanin yawancin kasashen Afirka, ya yi hasashen "karyewar juyin juya halin da ba makawa da mulkin-mallaka."Ya bayyana wadannan ra'ayoyin ne a cikin rubutun sa mai cike da cece-kuce "Mataccen Karshen Adabin Afirka", wanda aka yi la’akari da alama a fagen ilimin adabin Afirka na zamani. A cikin rubutun, Wali ya rubuta "wani marubucin Afirka wanda ke tunani da ji a cikin yarensa dole ne ya yi rubutu da wannan yaren."Wali ya gabatar da wannan takarda a shekarar  1962 a Jami'ar Makerere a Uganda a farkon babban taro kan sabon rubutun Afirka a cibiyar.  Sanannen takarda ya ci gaba da bugawa a fitowar tana goma a mujallar *Transition* .

Kodayake wasu na adawa da shi, amma manyan marubutan adabin Afirka kamar Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o sun yaba da rubutun na Wali, wanda ya sauya sunan zuwa na gargajiya na Afirka bayan karanta hujjar Wali. Bugu da ƙari, Wali ya ce ya zama dole ga masu sukar adabi su koyi yarukan Afirka kafin nazarin rubutun adabin Afirka da kuma samar da ra'ayoyi game da ma'anoninsu.Ra'ayin Wali da Ngũgĩ cewa adabin Afirka ne kawai za a rubuta shi cikin harsunan Afirka galibi ana sanya shi a matsayin adawa da ra'ayin Chinua Achebe da Ama Ata Aidoo, waɗanda suka ce ba za a iya rubuta adabin Afirka ba a cikin harsunan waje. 

## Wanda ake zargi da kisan kai
Wali an yi masa kisan gilla tare da yanke shi a gida a cikin dakin kwanan shi. Wasu da ake zargi da kisan gilla ne a ranar 26 ga watan Afrilun shekarar 1993 Dalilan kisan sun kasance ba a kafa su ba; duk da haka, mutane da yawa sunyi hasashen cewa yana da nasaba da ra'ayin siyasarsa.A lokacin kisan nasa, Wali ya kasance Sanatan Najeriya mai martaba na Jihar Ribas.  Daga baya aka binne shi a ranar 24 ga watan Fabrairu shekarar 1994. Wannan bai daɗe ba kafin ƙasar ta zartar da hukuncin kisa ga wani ɗan rajin kare haƙƙin tsiraru, Ken Saro-Wiwa .

Janar Ibrahim Babangida (tsohon shugaban mulkin sojan Najeriya), Cif Rufus Ada George (tsohon gwamnan jihar Ribas), da Peter Odili (gwamnan jihar Ribas na wancan lokacin) da sauransu an zarge su da hannu a kisan Wali a Fatakwal . An gabatar da karar kisan Wali a gaban kwamitin da ke binciken take hakkin bil adama, a gabanta ne al’ummar Ikwere da dan Wali, Ihumuo, suka gabatar da zargin rufe bakin, tare da matarsa Nnenna.

## Legacy da ƙwaƙwalwa
A shekarar 2014 ne aka bude Cibiyar Taron Kasa da Kasa ta Obi Wali ga jama'a a Port Harcourt, Jihar Ribas, aka kirkireshi aka kuma sanya masa suna domin tunawa da irin gudummawar Obi Wali na siyasa da adabi. 

Bugu da ƙari, mutanen Ikwerre suna shirya lacca don tunawa da Obi Wali a kowace shekara. 

## Ayyukan da aka buga

* *Mutum da Labari a Afirka* (1965)
* *Deadarshen ofarshen Adabin Afirka* (1963)

## Duba kuma

* Ken Saro-Wiwa

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* "Society for Research and Academic Excellence". academicexcellencesociety.com. Retrieved 22 April 2014.