Shaaban bin Robert

Shaaban bin Robert, wanda aka fi sani da Shaaban Robert (1 ga Janairun 1909 - 20 ga Yuni 1962), mawaki ne na Tanzaniya, marubuci, kuma marubuci wanda ya goyi baya adana al'adun waƙoƙin Tanzaniya.[1] An yi bikin Robert a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan masu tunani na Swahili na Tanzania, masu ilimi da marubuta a Gabashin Afirka kuma an kira shi "mai raira waƙa na Swahili" kuma an kuma san shi da "Uba na Swahili". An kuma girmama shi a matsayin mawaki na kasa. [2][3]

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Shaaban ga mahaifin Yao na kirki kuma mahaifiyar Digo al'adun gargajiya a kauyen Vibamba, gundumar Tangasisi na gundumar Tanga, da ke kudu da birnin Tanga a yankin Tanga, Tanzania (sai Jamus Gabashin Afirka ). Sunan mahaifi Robert sunan wani jami'in mulkin mallaka na Biritaniya wanda ya bukaci iyayensa su sanya masa suna. Don haka a zahiri, Robert shine sunansa na biyu (ba sunan mahaifinsa ko na karshe ba), sunansa na farko shine Shaaban. Shaaban da kansa ya rubuta shi 'Roberts' maimakon 'Robert'. Daga shekarar 1922 zuwa 1926 ya yi karatu a Dar es Salaam, inda ya zo na biyu a aji na 11 inda ya samu takardar shedar kammala karatu a karkashin tsarin karatun turawan Ingila na lokacin mulkin mallaka a Tanganyika. 

### Sana'a
Bayan ya karbi takardar shaidar makarantar, Shaaban ya yi aiki a mukamai daban-daban a matsayin ma'aikacin gwamnatin mulkin mallaka. Daga 1926 zuwa 1944 ya kasance jami'in kwastam a wurare daban-daban a duk fadin yankin ciki har da matsayi daya a tsibirin Kwale a gundumar Mkuranga na yankin Pwani na yanzu. Daga 1944 zuwa 1946 ya yi aiki a Sashen Wasanni. Daga 1946 zuwa 1952 ya yi aiki a ofishin gundumar Tanga, kuma daga 1952 zuwa 1960 yana ofishin safiyo a can. Ya yi aiki kafada da kafada da Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) da Julius Nyerere . Yawancin abubuwan da ya samu na aikin gwamnati suna cikin rubuce-rubucensa. A lokacin rayuwarsa ya sami lambar yabo ta Margaret Wrong Prize da Medal na Adabin Afirka kuma gwamnatin Burtaniya ta karrama shi a matsayin memba na Order of the British Empire (MBE).  

## Aikin hankali
Robert ya ba da gudummawa wajen haɓaka yaren Swahili da kuma gwagwarmaya don darajar ’yan Adam. Ya kasance ɗan adam mai farin jini. Ya yi aiki don 'yanci da daidaiton jinsi, kuma ya yi adawa da wariyar launin fata da addini a Tanzaniya. Shugaban Tanzaniya na farko, Julius Nyerere, yana da cikakkiyar sha'awar marigayi Shaaban Robert, kuma yana da kima da kuma inganta aikinsa na ilimi. Haka kuma nasa ya kasance mai mutunta Musulmi da Kirista. Wannan yana bayyana a cikin sunayensa guda biyu da ba a saba gani ba (Shaaban—Sunan Muslim da Robert, sunan Kirista).

Sheikh Shaaban Robert ya samu nasarar rubuta kasidu da littafai da karairayi da kasidu kuma wasu daga cikin littattafansa na cikin manhajojin makaranta da karatun boko. Wasu daga cikin littafansa sun hada da *Maisha Yangu na Baada ya Miaka Hamsini*, *Kusadikika*, da *Wasifu wa Siti binti Saad* . Ana ci gaba da gano ayyukansa da buga su. Ya zuwa yau yana da sananniyar ayyuka 24.

## Manazarta

## Adabi masu dacewa

* Abdallah, Abdilatif. "Utangulizi". Shaaban Robert: Ukakiki wa Maandishi Yake. Dar es Salaam: Longman Tanzania, 1975
* Kezilahabi, Euphrase. *Ushairi wa Shaaban Robert.* 1976. Nairobi: Ofishin adabi na Kenya, 1982.
* Ndulute, Clement L. *Waƙar Shaaban Robert* . Dar es Salaam: Dar es Salaam UP, 1994.
* Rosenberg, Aaron L. "Samar da shari'ar shahararrun waƙoƙi a gabashin Afirka: Samba Mapangala da Shaaban Robert." *Bincike a cikin Adabin Afirka* (2008): 99-120.