open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Zaben gwamna na jihar Benue na 2007

**Zaben gwamna na [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] na 2007** shi ne karo na shida na gwamna na Jihar Benue. An gudanar da shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2007, dan takarar jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party Gabriel Suswam ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Daniel Saror na jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party . 

## Sakamakon
Gabriel Suswam daga Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a ta lashe zaben, inda ta doke Daniel Saror daga Jam'idar Jama'ar Najeriya. Masu jefa kuri'a da aka yi rajista sun kasance 2,150,515.

## Manazarta
Tsaro na Bechuanaland

The Bechuanaland Protectorate (/ˌbɛtʃuˈɑːnəlænd/) mai kariya ne da aka kafa a ranar 31 ga Maris 1885 a Kudancin Afirka ta Ingila . Ya zama Jamhuriyar Botswana a ranar 30 ga Satumba 1966.

## Tarihi
Mishan na Scotland John Mackenzie (1835-1899), wanda kungiyar London Missionary Society (LMS) ta tallafawa, ya zauna a Shoshong daga 1862 zuwa 1876. Ya yi gargadin cewa 'yan Afirka suna fuskantar barazanar Boers da ke mamaye yankinsu daga kudu. Ya yi kamfen don kafa abin da ya zama Bechuanaland Protectorate, don a mallake shi kai tsaye daga Burtaniya. Afirka ta Kudu: Losing It ko Ruling It (1887) shine labarin Mackenzie game da abubuwan da suka haifar da kafa mai kariya. A cikin tasirin Mackenzie, a watan Janairun 1885 gwamnatin Burtaniya ta yanke shawarar aika da balaguron soja zuwa Afirka ta Kudu don tabbatar da ikon mallakar Burtaniya a kan yankin da ake hamayya. Lieutenant Colonel Sir Charles Warren (1840-1927) ya jagoranci rundunar sojojin Imperial 4,000 a arewacin Cape Town. Bayan yin yarjejeniya tare da shugabannin Afirka da yawa, Kanar Warren ya ba da sanarwar kafa mai kariya a watan Maris na shekara ta 1885.  A watan Satumba na wannan shekarar an ayyana kasar Tswana a kudancin Kogin Molopo a matsayin mulkin mallaka na Biritaniya Bechuanaland . Mackenzie ya bi Warren, kuma Afirka ta Kudu ta ƙunshi cikakken bayani game da balaguron.
## Manazarta
Sakataren mulkin mallaka na Gambiya

**Sakataren mulkin mallaka na Gambiya** ya kasance muhimmin matsayi  a gwamnatin mulkin mallaka na Gambiya Colony and Protectorate. Sau da yawa ana ganinsa a matsayin mataimakin gwamna ko mai kula da mulkin mallaka, Sakatarorin Mulkin Mallaka sukan shiga a matsayin mukaddashin gwamnoni na tarihin mulkin mallaka na Gambiya. Sakataren mulkin mallaka ya kasance mai kula da gudanarwa, kuma galibi jami'in Ofishin Mulkin Mallaka ne.

## Matsayi
A cikin Daular Biritaniya, Sakatarorin Mulkin Mallaka sun yi aiki a matsayin manyan jami'an gudanarwa na yankunan da aka tura su. Su ne ke da alhakin gudanar da harkokin Gwamna tare da ma’aikatun gwamnati da ma ‘yan mulkin mallaka a dunkule da kuma ɗaiɗaikun mutane. Sakataren mulkin mallaka ya kasance memba na majalisar zartarwa da na majalisa. Sau da yawa, Sakatarorin Mulkin Mallaka sun zama alhakin ayyuka iri-iri, gami da kwastan, ofisoshin gidan waya, jigilar kaya, tashar jiragen ruwa, gidajen yari, da ƴan ƙasa. Sakataren mulkin mallaka yakan yi magana kai tsaye da Ingila. Sau da yawa rawar da yake takawa ya kasance mai sassaucin ra'ayi dangane da Gwamna, kamar yadda Ofishin Mulkin Mallaka ya ƙi yin la'akari da rawar da ya taka daidai, yana tsoron kada ya sake komawa. The role was often quite flexible depending on the Governor, as the Colonial Office was reluctant to define the role precisely, fearing it would become redundant.

## Jerin sakatarorin mulkin mallaka

## Manazarta
Colin Daniel

**Colin Alan Daniel** (an haife shi  ranar 15 ga watan Fabrairu,shekara ta 1988) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke buga wa kungiyar Ilkeston Town ta Premier League ta Arewa. Da farko mai tsaron hagu, yana iya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida, mai tsaron baya, ko kuma gaba.

## Kwallon kafa
### Farawa
Daniel ya fara aikinsa ne tare da Eastwood Town wanda ba League ba kafin ya lashe nasara zuwa Crewe Alexandra a watan Yuli shekara ta 2007. Daga Crewe an ba da rancensa ga Grays Athletic, Leek Town, Halifax Town, da Macclesfield Town, kafin ya shiga Maccleswood Town har abada a watan Mayu shekara ta 2009. Ya shafe shekaru uku tare da Macclesfield kafin ya koma Mansfield Town don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba a watan Agusta shekara ta 2012. Ya taimaka wa Mansfield ya lashe gasar Firimiya a shekarar shekarun 2012-13. Ya sanya hannu tare da Port Vale a watan Yuni shekara ta 2014 kafin ya koma Mansfield a aro a watan Fabrairu shekara ta 2016. Ya shiga Blackpool a watan Yuni shekars ta 2016 kuma ya taimaka wa kulob din don samun ci gaba daga EFL League Two ta hanyar Wasanni kwaikwayo a shekara ta 2017. Ya shiga Peterborough United a watan Mayu shekara ta 2018 kafin ya sauya zuwa Burton Albion a watan Janairu shekara ta 2019. Ya zauna tare da Burton na tsawon watanni 18 kuma ya sanya hannu tare da Exeter City a watan Agusta shekara ta 2021. An ba da rancensa ga Aldershot Town a watan Fabrairu shekara ta 2022. Daniel ya koma wasan kwallon kafa da ba na League ba tare da Scunthorpe United don kakar 2022-23 kuma ya sanya hannu tare da Worksop Town a watan Yuni shekara ta 2023. Ya shiga Ilkeston Town a kakar wasa mai zuwa.

## Manazarta
Nathaniel Knight-Percival

**Nathaniel Lawrence Knight-Percival** (an haife shi ranar 31 ga watan Maris, 1987) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ya buga wasan karshe a matsayin mai tsaron gida na Southport .

Ya fara aikinsa a Histon, ya cigaba ta hanyar matasa kuma daga ƙarshe ya zama na yau da kullun a cikin tawagar farko. Ya lashe ci gaba sau biyu a cikin shekaru shida tare da Histon, ya taimaka musu zuwa gasar Firimiya ta Kudancin a 2004-05 da kuma gasar Kudancin ta 2006-07.An sayar da shi ga abokan hamayyar Wrexham a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2010; yayin yin hakan yayi murabus daga matsayinsa a masana'antar mota don ya zama dan wasan kwallon kafa na cikakken lokaci. Ya taka leda a kamfen biyu da ba su yi nasara ba kuma an ambaci sunansa a cikin 2011-12 Conference Premier Team of the Year. Ya koma cikin Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta hanyar sanya hannu ga Peterborough United a watan Mayu shekara ta 2012.

Ya shawo kan rata ta uku don kafa kansa a cikin tawagar farko a Peterborough, kodayake an fitar da kulob din daga gasar a ƙarshen kakar shekarun 2012-13. Ya lashe gasar kwallon kafa tare da Peterborough a shekarar 2014. Ya shiga Shrewsbury Town a kan canja wurin kyauta a watan Mayu 2014 kuma an inganta shi daga League Two a ƙarshen kakar shekarun 2014-15. An nada shi a matsayin kyaftin din kulob din a watan Janairun 2016, kodayake ya dauki canja wurin kyauta zuwa Bradford City a watan Yuli shekara ts 2016. Ya buga wasanni 135 a Bradford a cikin shekaru uku, kodayake an sake shi bayan da aka sauke shi daga League One a watan Mayu shekara ta 2019. Ya shafe kakar shekarun 2019-20 tare da Carlisle United .

## Manazarta
Zaben gwamna na Jihar Borno na 2007

**Zaben gwamna na [[Borno|Jihar Borno]] na 2007** shi ne zaben gwamna na 6 na Jihar borno. An gudanar da shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2011, dan takarar jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party Ali Modu Sheriff ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Kashim Ibrahim-Imam na jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party . 

## Sakamakon
Jimillar 'yan takara 11 ne suka fafata a zaben. Ali Modu Sheriff daga jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Kashim Ibrahim-Imam daga jam'ummar Democratic Party. Masu jefa kuri'a da aka yi rajista sun kasance 2,159,515.

## Manazarta
Martin Paterson

**Martin Andrew Paterson** (an haife shi ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, 1987) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda shine babban kocin ƙungiyar  ta Notts County .

## Farkon rayuwa
An haife shi a Stoke-on-Trent, ya taka leda a matsayin mai gaba; ya fara aikinsa tare da Stoke City, inda ya fara bugawa a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2005. Ya kasa lashe matsayi na farko na yau da kullun, duk da haka, kuma yana da aro a Grimsby Town a kakar 2006-07 kafin a ba shi izinin shiga Scunthorpe United a watan Yuli shekara ta 2007. Ya zira kwallaye 13 a gasar zakarun Turai a kakar 2007-08 kuma Burnley ta sanya hannu kan kudi na £ 1 miliyan a watan Yuni shekara ta 2008. &nbsp; Ya zira kwallaye 19 a Wasanni 57 a yakin neman zabe na 2008-09, inda ya taimaka wa kulob din ya ci gaba zuwa Premier League ta hanyar wasan kwaikwayo. An sake komawa Burnley a ƙarshen kakar 2009-10, kuma ya cigaba da shiga Huddersfield Town a kan canja wurin kyauta a watan Yunin 2013. Yayi aro a Bristol City, Fleetwood Town, da kuma kulob din MLS Orlando City. Huddersfield ya sake shi sannan yayi ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da Orlando City kafin ya shafe kakar 2015-16 tare da Blackpool. Ya shiga Port Vale na watanni hudu a watan Agustan 2016 kafin ya koma Amurka don buga wa Tampa Bay Rowdies wasa a watan Maris na shekarar 2017. Ya koma Indiya a watan Janairun 2018 don sanya hannu ga ATK. A cikin shekaru 14 da yayi, ya zira kwallaye 78 a wasanni 339 da kofin.

A kasa da kasa, Paterson ya lashe kwallo 23 ga Arewacin Ireland a cikin shekaru bakwai na kasa da kasa daga shekarar 2007 zuwa shekara ta 2014, inda ya zira kwallaye uku na kasa da Kasa. Bayan ya yi ritaya a matsayin dan wasa, ya koma horarwa da Tampa Bay Rowdies, Fort Lauderdale, Inter Miami, Barnsley, Swansea City, kafin ya zama babban kocin a Burton Albion a watan Janairu shekara ta 2024 har zuwa Mayu shekara ta 2024. Ya koma matsayin kocin tare da Notts County a watan Yuni shekara ta 2025.

## Manazarta
Rhys Healey

**Rhys James Evitt-Healey** (an haife shi ranar 6 ga watan Disamba, 1994).ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda yake taka leda a matsayin mai gaba a kungiyar Huddersfield Town ta .

## Manazarta
Jamhuriyar a cikin Commonwealth of Nations

Jamhuriyoyin da ke cikin Commonwealth of Nations sune Jihohi masu zaman kansu a cikin kungiyar tare da tsarin gwamnati na jamhuriyar. Ya zuwa watan Yunin 2022 , 36 daga cikin kasashe 56 mambobi sun kasance jamhuriya. Duk da yake Sarki Charles III shine Shugaban Commonwealth, ba shi ne shugaban kasa na mambobin jamhuriya ba. Sarki duk da haka, sarki ne mai mulki a cikin mulkin Commonwealth. Matsayin Shugaban Commonwealth ba ya ɗauke da wani iko; a maimakon haka, alama ce ta ƙungiyar 'yanci na membobin Commonwealth

ai dai ga tsohon mallakar Portugal na Mozambique, tsohon yankin amincewa na Belgium na Rwanda da tsoffin mallakar Faransa na Gabon da Togo, dukansu tsoffin mulkin mallaka ne na Burtaniya (ko wani ɓangare na Burtaniya) ko yankuna masu mulkin mallaka waɗanda suka samo asali zuwa jamhuriya. Yawancin mambobin Commonwealth sun sami 'yancin kai yayin da suke riƙe da masarautar Burtaniya a matsayin shugaban ƙasarsu (a cikin hanyar hadin kai) kuma daga baya sun zama jamhuriya a cikin Commonwealth ta hanyar kawar da mulkin mallaka. A wasu lokuta, ƙasashen sun zama jamhuriya bayan sun sami 'yancin kai daga wasu tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya (kamar yadda, alal misali, Bangladesh ta yi daga Pakistan a 1971 sakamakon Yakin 'Yanci na Bangladesh).
## Manzarta
Zaben gwamna na Jihar Adamawa na 2007

**Zaben gwamna na [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] na 2007** shi ne zaben gwamna na 4 na Jihar Adamawa . An gudanar da shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2007, dan takarar Jam'iyyar Democrat ta Jama'a Murtala Nyako ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Joel Madaki na Jam'iyyar Labour.

## Sakamakon
Murtala Nyako daga Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a ta lashe zaben, inda ta doke Joel Madaki daga Jam'idar Labour. Masu jefa kuri'a da aka yi rajista sun kasance 1,315,950.

## Manazarta
Jerin gwamnonin mulkin mallaka na Gambiya

Wannan jerin **gwamnoni  da masu gudanar da mulkin mallaka ne a Gambiya** tun daga kafa mazaunin Birtaniyya a tsibirin St Mary, wanda a yanzu ake kiransa da tsibirin Banjul, a shekara ta 1816, har zuwa lokacin da Gambiya Colony and Protectorate ta samu 'yancin kai daga Burtaniya a shekarar 1965.

An ba da laƙabin a hukumance na Kwamandan tsibirin St Mary a matsayin Kwamandan Mazaunan Burtaniya a St Mary's a shekarar 1823. A shekarar 1821, Gambiya ta zama ƙarƙashin 'yan mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya wanda ya zama wani yanki na Saliyo. A cikin shekarar 1829, an naɗa Laftanar Gwamna wanda ke ƙarƙashin Gwamnan Saliyo. Tsakanin shekarun 1843 zuwa 1866, Gambiya tana da Gwamna mai cin gashin kansa daga Saliyo. Ya sake zama ƙarƙashin ƙasa a cikin shekarar 1866, tare da naɗa wani Administrator don gudanar da yankin. An sake naɗa Gwamna mai zaman kansa a cikin shekarar 1901 wanda kuma ya zama babban kwamandan 'yan  mulkin mallaka.

Gambiya ta samu ‘yancin kai a shekarar 1965. Bayan haka, mataimakin masarautar Birtaniya a Gambia ya zama Gwamna-Janar na Gambia, har sai da ta yi watsi da Sarauniyar a matsayin shugabar ƙasa a shekarar 1970.

## Kafin shekarar 1816
Kafin shekarar 1816, kasancewar mulkin mallaka a Gambiya ya iyakance ne ga James Island (wanda aka sani da tsibirin St Andrew daga shekarun 1456 zuwa 1660, da kuma tsibirin Kunta Kinteh tun a shekarar 2011).

## Kwamandan tsibirin St Mary's (1816-1830)

## Laftanar Gwamnonin Gambia shekarun (1830-1843)

## Gwamnonin Gambia a shekarun (1843-1866)

## Masu Mulkin Gambiya a shekarun (1866-1901)

## Gwamnonin Gambia a shekarun (1901-1965)

## Duba kuma

* Tarihin Gambiya
* Jerin sunayen shugabannin kasashen Gambia
* Jerin sunayen shugabannin gwamnatin Gambia
* Jerin masu rike da ofis

## Manazarta
Zaben gwamna na Jihar Cross River na 2007

**Zaben gwamna na [[Cross River|Jihar Cross River]] na 2007** shi ne zaben gwamna na 6 na Jihar Cruz River. An gudanar da shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2007, dan takarar Jam'iyyar Democrat ta Jama'a Liyel Imoke ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Eyo Etim Nyong na Jam'iyyar Democratic People's Party . 

## Sakamakon
Liyel Imoke daga Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a ta lashe zaben, inda ta doke Eyo Etim Nyong daga Jam'idar Jama'a. Masu jefa kuri'a da aka yi rajista sun kasance 1,139,736.

## Manazarta
Ka'idodin membobin Commonwealth of Nations

Ka'idodin zama memba a cikin Commonwealth of Nations, waɗanda suka shafi jihohin membobin yanzu da masu zuwa, an canza su ta hanyar jerin takardu da aka bayar a cikin shekaru tamanin da biyu da suka gabata.

Mafi mahimmancin ka'idojin Edinburgh suna buƙatar sabbin kasashe membobin su sami ko dai alaƙar tsarin mulki ko gudanarwa ga akalla wata ƙasa memba ta yanzu ta Commonwealth of Nations. A al'ada, sabbin kasashe membobin Commonwealth suna da alaƙa da Ƙasar Ingila. Ka'idodin Edinburgh sun samo asali ne daga shiga Mozambique a shekarar 1995, a lokacin ita ce kadai memba da ba ta taɓa kasancewa cikin Daular Burtaniya ba (duka ko wani ɓangare). An sake nazarin ka'idodin Edinburgh, kuma an sake su a taron shugabannin gwamnati na Commonwealth na 2007, wanda ya ba da izinin shigar da Rwanda a Taron 2009.

## Tahiri
An kafa Commonwealth of Nations ne a cikin Dokar Westminster, Dokar Majalisar Dattijai ta Burtaniya da aka zartar a ranar 11 ga Disamba 1931. Dokar ta kafa 'yancin kai na Dominions, ta samar da rukuni na mambobi daidai inda, a baya, akwai daya (United Kingdom) mafi girma. Yanayin zama memba na Commonwealth na farko shi ne cewa jihar ta zama Dominion. Don haka, 'yancin Pakistan (1947), Indiya (1947), da Dominion na Ceylon (yanzu Sri Lanka) (1948) sun ga ƙasashe uku sun shiga Commonwealth a matsayin jihohi masu zaman kansu waɗanda suka riƙe Sarki a matsayin shugaban ƙasa. A gefe guda, Burma (1948) da Isra'ila (1948) ba su shiga Commonwealth ba, yayin da suka zaɓi zama jamhuriya. A shekara ta 1949, Commonwealth ta zaɓi ɗaukar Ireland a matsayin ba memba ba lokacin da Ireland ta soke Dokar Dangantaka ta waje wanda Sarki ya taka rawar gani a dangantakar diflomasiyya da wasu jihohi, kodayake ra'ayin gwamnatin Irish shine Ireland ba ta kasance memba ba har tsawon shekaru.
## Manazarta
Joe Walsh (footballer, born 1992)

**Joseph Kevin Walsh** (an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Mayu, 1992) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Welsh wanda kwanan nan yake taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida na Lincoln City.  

## Manazarta
Yakin Gabashin Afirka (Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu)

Yakin Gabashin Afirka (wanda aka fi sani da Yakin Abyssinia) an yi yaƙi a Gabashin Afirka a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ta Allies na Yaƙin Duniya ya II, galibi daga Daular Burtaniya, a kan Italiya da mulkin mallaka na Italiyanci na Gabashin Afirka, tsakanin Yuni 1940 da Nuwamba 1941. Rundunar Burtaniya ta Gabas ta Tsakiya tare da dakarun daga Ingila, Afirka ta Kudu, Indiya ta Burtaniya, Uganda Protectorate, Kenya, Somaliland, Afirka ta Yamma, Arewa da Kudancin Rhodesia, Sudan da Nyasaland sun shiga cikin yakin. Wadannan sun haɗu da Allied Force Publique na Belgian Congo, Imperial Ethiopian Arbegnoch (sojojin adawa) da kuma karamin rukuni na Free French Forces.

## Tarihi
A ranar 9 ga Mayu 1936, mai mulkin kama-karya na Italiya, Benito Mussolini, ya ayyana kafa Gabashin Afirka ta Italiya (Africa Orientale Italiana, AOI), daga Habasha bayan Yaƙin Italo-Abyssinian na Biyu da kuma yankunan Italiyanci Eritrea da Somaliland .  A ranar 10 ga Yuni 1940, Mussolini ya ayyana yaƙi da Burtaniya da Faransa, wanda ya sa sojojin Italiya a Libya barazana ga Masar kuma waɗanda ke cikin AOI haɗari ga mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya da Faransanci a Gabashin Afirka. Har ila yau, yaƙin Italiya ya rufe Bahar Rum ga jiragen ruwa na kasuwanci na Allied da kuma hanyoyin teku na Burtaniya da ke cikin haɗari a bakin tekun Gabashin Afirka, Tekun Aden, Bahar Maliya da Suez Canal. (Mulkin Masar ya kasance tsaka tsaki a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu amma sharuddan yarjejeniyar Anglo-Masar ta 1936 ta ba da damar Burtaniya ta mamaye Masar da Anglo-Masanci Sudan.) Masar, Suez Canal, Faransa Somaliland da British Somaliland suma suna da haɗari ga mamayewa amma Janar Janar na Italiya sun shirya don yaƙi bayan 1942; a lokacin rani na 1940 Italiya ba ta shirya don yaƙin dogon lokaci ko don mamaye manyan yankuna na Afirka ba.

## Manazarta
Zaben gwamna na Jihar Edo na 2007

**Zaben gwamna na [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] na 2007** da aka gudanar a ranar 14 ga Afrilu 2007 shine zaben gwamna na 4 na Jihar Ecuador. Dan takarar jam'iyyar People Democratic Party Oserheimen Osunbor ya lashe zaben da kuri'u 329,740, inda ya doke Adams Oshiomole na Action Congress of Nigeria da kuri'un 197,472. 

## Sakamakon
Oserheimen Osunbor daga Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a ta lashe zaben, inda ta doke Adams Oshiomole daga Jam'iyya ta Najeriya. Masu jefa kuri'a da aka yi rajista sun kasance 1,345,410.

## Manazarta
Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Madagascar

The Democratic Republic of Madagascar (Malagasy: Repoblika Demokratika Malagasy, French: République démocratique de Madagascar) was a socialist state that existed on the island of Madagascar from 1975 to 1992.

## Tarihi
An zabi Didier Ratsiraka zuwa wa'adin shekaru bakwai a matsayin shugaban kasa a cikin raba gardama na kasa a ranar 21 ga watan Disamba 1975, wanda ya tabbatar da umarnin yarjejeniya da kuma kaddamar da Jamhuriyar Madagascar ta Biyu. Ka'idar jagora ta gwamnatin Ratsiraka ita ce buƙatar "juyin juya halin gurguzu daga sama". Musamman, ya nemi canza al'ummar Madagascar daidai da shirye-shirye da ka'idojin da aka sanya a cikin Yarjejeniyar juyin juya halin zamantakewar Madagascar, wanda aka fi sani da "Red Book" (Boky Mena). A cewar wannan takardar, babban burin sabuwar Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Madagascar ita ce gina "sabuwar al'umma" da aka kafa a kan ka'idodin gurguzu kuma aka jagoranta ta hanyar ayyukan "ginshiƙai biyar na juyin juya halin": Babban Majalisar Juyin Juya Halin (SRC), manoma da ma'aikata, matasa masu ilimi, mata da Sojojin Jama'a. "Jirgin gurguzu," in ji Jarida, "shi ne kawai zabin da zai yiwu a gare mu don cimma saurin ci gaban tattalin arziki da al'adu ta hanyar cin gashin kanta, ta bil'adama, da jituwa. " Jaridar ta ba da shawarar sabuwar manufofin kasashen waje bisa ka'idar rashin jituwa, da manufofin cikin gida da ke mai da hankali kan sabunta fokonolona (membobin al'umma), rarraba gudanarwa da haɓaka ci gaban tattalin arziƙi ta hanyar tsarawa da kuma ingantaccen shigarwa.

## Manazarta
Zaɓen gwamnan Jihar Ekiti, 2007

**Zaben gwamna na [[Ekiti|Jihar Ekiti]] na 2007** shi ne zaben gwamna na 3 na Jihar ekiti . An gudanar da shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu 2007, dan takarar Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a Olusegun Oni ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Kayode Fayemi na Action Congress of Nigeria . 

## Sakamakon
Olusegun Oni daga Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a ta lashe zaben, inda ta doke Kayode Fayemi daga Majalisa ta Najeriya. Masu jefa kuri'a da aka yi rajista sun kasance 771,228.

## Manazarta
Zaben gwamna na Jihar Delta na 2007

**Zaben gwamna na [[Delta (jiha)|Jihar Delta]] na 2007** shi ne zaben gwamna na 4 na Jihar delta. An gudanar da shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2007, dan takarar jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party Emmanuel Uduaghan ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Babban Ogboru na jam'iyyar Democratic People's Party . 

## Sakamakon
Emmanuel Uduaghan daga Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Babban Ogboru daga Jam'idar Demokradiyyar Jama'a. Masu jefa kuri'a da aka yi rajista sun kasance 1,626,930.

## Manazarta
Zaben gwamna na Jihar Ebonyi na 2007

**Zaben gwamna na [[Ebonyi|Jihar Ebonyi]] na 2007** shi ne zaben gwamna na 7 na Jihar Ébonyi . An gudanar da shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2007, dan takarar jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party Martin Elechi ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Ogbonnaya Onu na jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party . 

## Sakamakon
Martin Elechi daga Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Ogbonnaya Onu daga Jam'idar Jama'ar Najeriya. Masu jefa kuri'a da aka yi rajista sun kasance 929,375.

## Manazarta
Zaben gwamna na jihar Enugu na 2007

**Zaben gwamna na [[Enugu (jiha)|Jihar Enugu]] na 2007** shi ne zaben gwamna na 4 na Jihar Emugu. An gudanar da shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2007, dan takarar jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party Sullivan Chime ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Ugochukwu Agballa na Yarjejeniya. 

## Sakamakon
Sullivan Chime daga Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a ta lashe zaben, ta doke Ugochukwu Agballa daga Yarjejeniya. Masu jefa kuri'a da aka yi rajista sun kasance 1,201,697.

## Manazarta
Zaben gwamna na Jihar Imo na 2007

**Zaben gwamna na [[Imo|Jihar Imo]] na 2007** shi ne karo na shida na gwamna na jihar Imo. An gudanar da shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2011, dan takarar Progressive Peoples Alliance Ikedi Ohakim ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Ifeanyi Ararume na Jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party . 

## Sakamakon
Jimillar 'yan takara 16 ne suka fafata a zaben. Ikedi Ohakim daga jam'iyyar Progressive Peoples Alliance ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Ifeanyi Ararume daga jam'ummar jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party. Masu jefa kuri'a da aka yi rajista sun kasance 1,372,975.

## Manazarta
Mutanen Samburu

**Samburu** mutane ne na Nilotic na arewa maso tsakiyar Kenya . A al'adance, su makiyaya ne masu ƙaura waɗanda galibi suna kiwon shanu amma kuma suna kiwon tumaki, awaki da raƙuma. Suna kiran kansu **Lokop** ko **Loikop**, kalma tare da fassarori daban-daban tsakanin Samburu. Wasu sun yi imanin cewa yana nufin "masu mallakar ƙasar" ("lo" ma'anar mallaka da "nkop" ma'ana ƙasa) yayin da wasu suna da fassarori daban-daban.

Samburu suna magana da yaren Samburu na yaren Maa, yaren Nilotic wanda wasu kabilun 22 na al'ummar Maa da aka fi sani da Maasai ke magana. Wasu [waɗanda?] suna ba da shawarar cewa Samburu wata kabila ce ta musamman da ta bambanta da Maasai, ra'ayi cewa [tsakanin tsaka-tsaki yana jayayya] wasu mutanen Samburu sun yarda a yau.

Samburu National Reserve yana daya daga cikin sanannun wuraren kiyaye namun daji a Kenya. A cikin al'ummar Maa na Kenya da Tanzania, ƙabilar Samburu ita ce ta uku mafi girma, bayan Kisonko (Isikirari) na Tanzania da Purko na Kenya da Tanzaniya.

## Tarihi
Woto (wani lokaci Otto, *Do, To and Do) wuri ne da Samburu ke ɗauka a matsayin mahaifar su. Woto yana nufin arewa a cikin Samburu. Ba a san ainihin wurin ba. Gabaɗaya an gano shi a matsayin arewacin tafkin Turkana kuma an sanya shi a wani wuri a kudancin Habasha.

### Haɗin al'adu
Nandi suna da al'adar cewa mutum na farko da ya yi kaciya a Nandi an ce ya kasance Kipkenyo wanda ya fito ne daga ƙasar da ake kira Do  (a wasu asusun To, yana nuna sauti na Kalenjin *d - mafi kusa da furcin Tto).

## Al'adu

### Tsarin zamantakewa
Samburu wani tsarin mulki ne. Ikon dattawa yana da alaƙa da imani da la'anarsu, wanda ke tallafawa ikon su na shirya aure da ɗaukar ƙarin mata. Wannan yana kan kudin samari marasa aure, wanda ci gaban su har zuwa shekaru talatin yana cikin yanayin dakatarwa na zamantakewa, yana tsawaita matsayin matasa.

### Tufafi

A al'ada, maza na Samburu suna sa zane wanda sau da yawa yana da ruwan hoda ko baƙar fata kuma an lulluɓe shi a wuyan su. Sun yi wa kansu ado da ƙuƙwalwa, mundaye da ƙuchu, kamar sauran ƙabilu na al'ummar Maasai. Membobin shekarun Moran (watau "warriors") yawanci suna sanya gashin kansu a cikin dogon sutura, wanda suke askewa lokacin da suka zama dattawa. Ana iya canza shi da launi ta amfani da ja ochre. A wasu lokuta ana yin ado da jikinsu da ochre. Mata suna sa nau'i biyu na blue ko purple cloth, guda ɗaya an lulluɓe shi a wuyan hannu, na biyu an lullube shi a kirji. Mata suna aske gashin kansu kuma suna sanya ƙuƙwalwa da mundaye da yawa. A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, salon tufafi sun canza. Wasu maza na iya sa salon ja tartan na 1980s-90s ko kuma suna iya sa tufafi mai duhu kore / shuɗi a kusa da wuyansu da ake kira 'kikoi', sau da yawa tare da gajeren wando a ƙasa. Marani (Lmuran) [1] (warriors) suna sa zane wanda zai iya zama furanni ko pastel. Wasu mata har yanzu suna sa zane-zane biyu na shuɗi ko ja, amma ya zama sananne a sa zane-zanen da ke da dabba ko furanni a launuka masu zurfi. Mata kuma suna iya sa ƙananan tanki tare da tufafinsu, kuma riguna masu laushi sun zama ruwan dare

## Manazarta
Mutanen Zaghawa

**Kabilar Zaghawa**, wadda kuma ake kira **Beri** ko **Zakhawa**, ƙabila ce da ke zaune a kudu maso yammacin Libya, arewa maso gabashin Chadi, da yammacin Sudan, ciki har da Darfur.

Zaghawas yana magana da yaren Zaghawa, wanda harshen sahara ne na gabas. Makiyaya ne, kuma wani nau’in tunkiya da suke kiwo Larabawa ne ake kira Zaghawa. Makiyaya ne kuma suna samun yawancin rayuwarsu ta hanyar kiwon shanu, rakuma da tumaki da girbin hatsin daji. An kiyasta cewa akwai mutane 384,150 da ke cikin kabilar Zaghawa.

## Sunaye
Tarihin sarauta na Daular Kanem-Bornu, Girgam, yana nufin mutanen Zaghawa a matsayin Duguwa. A yau, Zaghawa suna kiran kansu a matsayin Beri, yayin da masu jin harshen Larabci da adabi ke kiran su da "Zaghawa". A cikin wallafe-wallafen da suka shafi kabilun Afirka, kalmar Beri (wani lokaci Kegi) ya haɗa da mutanen Zaghawas, Bideyat, da Bertis, kowannensu ya taru a sassa daban-daban na Chadi, Sudan da Libya.

## Tarihi
Farkon ambaton Zaghawa da aka rubuta ya fito ne daga wani masanin al'adun Larabawa na karni na 9 Ya'qubi, wanda ya rubuta game da su a matsayin "Zaghawa da ke zaune a wani wuri da ake kira Kanem", kuma ya ci gaba da lissafa wasu masarautu da ke karkashin mulkin Zaghawa. A tarihi, al'ummar Zaghawa sun kasance suna da irin wannan sarauta a kan mafi yawan ƙananan al'ummomi da suka shimfiɗa tare da Sahel tsakanin tafkin Chadi zuwa masarautun kwarin Nilu na Nubia, Makuria da Alwa.

Mutanen Zaghawa suna kasuwanci da yankin Nilu da yankin Maghreb a karni na farko. Nassoshi na farko game da su a cikin litattafai na ƙarni na 8 an yi su tare da mutanen Toubou na arewacin Chadi da kudancin Libya, kuma masana sun yi imanin cewa biyun kabilu ne masu dangantaka. Nassosin karni na 11 sun ambaci cewa sarakunan daular Zaghawa sun karbi Musulunci, kuma a kalla musulmi ne.

Bayanan Larabci na farko sun bayyana Zaghawa a matsayin “Bakar fata makiyaya”. Masanin labarin kasa na karni na 12 Muhammad al-Idrisi da kuma Yaqut al-Hamawi na karni na 13 sun bayyana tasirin Zaghawa a kusa da tsarin da ke kan gabar teku kuma ya ambaci garuruwan Kanem, Manan da Anjimi.

Sai dai ibn Sa’id al-Maghribi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1270. ya bayyana cewa Manan shi ne babban birnin masarautar Kanem har sai da sarakunan daular Sayfawa suka musulunta, suka mamaye yankin, daga nan kuma babban birnin ya koma Njimi. Zaghawa sun ci gaba da zama a garin Manan, in ji ibn Said. Bayanan Kanem ba su ambaci Zaghawa ba, kuma da alama an yi gudun hijira sannan suka koma yankin da ake samun su a halin yanzu. Ana kiran wannan yanki Dar Zaghawa, ko kuma “ƙasar Zaghawa”.

Ko da yake an karye ikon Zaghawa sakamakon hawan Kanem a yankin tafkin Chadi, Zaghawa ya ci gaba da rike wani yanki mai yawa na yankunan da ke gabashin Kanem, kuma a karshen karni na 14 ne masanin tarihi na Sultan Mamluk Sultanate kuma masanin al-Maqrizi ya ambaci Darfur a matsayin kasa mai cin gashin kanta. Bayan hawan Darfur da Daular Kanem-Bornu, da alama Zaghawa sun mallaki yankunan hamada ne kawai kuma sun daina zama babbar yankin yankin.

## Manazarta
Zaben gwamna na Jihar Katsina na 2007

Zaben gwamnan jihar Katsina na 2007 ya faru ne a ranar 14 ga Afrilu 2007.        [5] [6] [7] [4] [5] [6] [5] [6] [7] Dan takarar PDP Ibrahim Shema ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke ANPP Abu Ibrahim da sauran 'yan takara.

## Sakamakon
Ibrahim Shema daga PDP ya lashe zaben. Ya kayar da Abu Ibrahim na ANPP da sauransu.       

Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 2,589,047.

* **[[Ibrahim Shema]], ([[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]) - 1,185,489**
* Abu Ibrahim, ANPP- 218,302
* Usman Bugaje, ACN-54,449
* Sani Abu- 3,442

## Manazarta
Zaben gwamna na jihar Kogi na 2007

**Zaben gwamna na [[Jihar Kogi]] na 2007** shi ne zaben gwamna na 4 na Jihar kogi. An gudanar da shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2007, dan takarar jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party Ibrahim Idris ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Mohammed Abdulsalami Ohiare na Action Congress of Nigeria . 

## Sakamakon
Jimillar 'yan takara 16 ne suka fafata a zaben. Ibrahim Idris daga Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a ta lashe zaben, inda ta doke Mohammed Abdulsalami Ohiare daga Jam'iyya ta Najeriya. Masu jefa kuri'a da aka yi rajista sun kasance 1,479,834.

## Manazarta
Jami'ar Al Quaraouiyine

**Jami'ar Al Quaraouiine** itace jam'i ta farkon kafawa tun shekara 857-859 Miladiyya kuma mafi daɗewa da wanzuwa har yanzu haka a duniya wanda Fatima al-Fihriya ta kafa da dukiyan da ta gada daga mahaifinta.

## Manazarta
Zaben gwamna na Jihar Kaduna na 2007

**Zaben gwamna na Jihar Kaduna na 2007** ya faru ne a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2007. AC-datequot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;March 2, 2021quot;},quot;publisherquot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;National Democratic Institutequot;},quot;pagequot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;83quot;}},quot;iquot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwfg\">nbsp; . National Democratic Institute. April 2008. p.nbsp;83 2021."}}" id="cite_ref-NDI_1-0" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./2007_Kaduna_State_gubernatorial_election#cite_note-NDI-1 [1]PDPquot;},quot;urlquot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;;quot;},quot;datequot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;March 20, 2007quot;},quot;access-datequot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;March 2, 2021quot;},quot;url-accessquot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;subscriptionquot;}},quot;iquot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwiQ\">nbsp;. . March 20, 2007 2021."}}' id="cite_ref-2" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./2007_Kaduna_State_gubernatorial_election#cite_note-2 [2] Namadi Sambo na PDP ya kayar da wasu 'yan takara  ta hanyar jefa kuri'u 1,326,632, Sani Muhammed Sha'aban na ANPP ya kasance mai takara mafi kusa da kuri'u 478,725 kuma Muhammad Suleman Zantu na AC ya zira kwallaye 109,415.   

Namadi Sambo ya fito ne mai nasara a zaben fidda gwani na PDP. Abokin aikinsa shi ne Patrick Ibrahim Yakowa .  

Daga cikin 'yan takara 17 da suka yi takara a zaben, duk maza ne, ba tare da wata mata ba. Sai dai daya daga cikin 'yan takarar mataimakin gwamna, Jummai Tanko, mace ce da ke takara a karkashin NCP tare da Isa Adamu Abdullahi, tana neman gwamna.

## Tsarin zabe
Ana zabar Gwamnan Jihar Kaduna ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

## Zaben fidda gwani

### PDP na farko
An shirya Zaben fidda gwani na PDP, wanda aka gudanar a ranar 12 ga watan Disamba, 2006, lokacin da babu wani mai neman shiga da zai iya samun nasara a zaben farko wanda Arc. Namadi Sambo ya zo mafi girma tare da kuri'u 2,379, sannan Sanata Isaiah Balat ya biyo baya tare da kuriʼu 1,493. 

### Masu neman takara

* Wanda aka zaba a jam'iyyar: **[[Namadi Sambo]]**: kuri'u 2,379
* Mataimakin gwamna mai ci: **[[Patrick Ibrahim Yakowa]]**: (Mataimakin gwaminista mai ci): kuri'u 252
* Isaiah Balat: kuri'u 1,493
* Suleiman Othman Hunkuyi: kuri'u 1,226
* Lawal Yakawada: kuri'u 309
* Falalu Bello: kuri'u 220
* Shuaib Idris Mikati: kuri'u 126
* Garba Madaki Ali: kuri'u 81

## Sakamakon
Jimillar 'yan takara 17 sun yi rajista tare da Hukumar Zabe ta Kasa mai zaman kanta don yin takara a zaben. Dan takarar PDP ya lashe, ya kayar da Hon. Sani Mohammed Sha'aban na ANPP, da wasu 'yan takarar jam'iyya 15.

Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 3,374,245.

## Manazarta
Zaben gwamna na jihar Kebbi na 2007

**Zaben gwamna na jihar Kebbi na 2007** ya faru ne a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2007.        Dan takarar PDP Usman Saidu Nasamu Dakingari ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke ANPP Farouk Bello Bunza da sauran 'yan takara 6.       

## Sakamakon
Usman Saidu Nasamu Dakingari daga PDP ya lashe zaben.        Ya kayar da Farouk Bello Bunza na ANPP. 'Yan takara 8 sun yi takara a zaben.

Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 1,345,436.

* **[[Usman Saidu Nasamu Dakingari]], ([[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]) - 469,595**
* Farouk Bello Bunza, ANPP- 134,553
* Abubakar Malam Abubakar, DPP- 133,800
* Adamu Usman, NCP- 7,888
* Muhammadu Inuwa Bawa, AC- 4,842
* Abdullahi Ibrahim, ADC- 3,990
* Salihu Isa Nataro, NDP- 3,921
* Abubakar Bala Danango, APGA- 3,798

## Manazarta
Mazaunan Phoenician Arewacin Afirka

**Matsugunin Phoenician na Arewacin Afirka ko balaguron Finisiya zuwa Arewacin Afirka** shine tsarin ƙaura na mutanen Phoenician da zama a yankin Maghreb na Arewacin Afirka, wanda ya ƙunshi Aljeriya a yau, Libya, Maroko da Tunisiya, daga ƙasarsu ta Fenisiya a yankin Levant, gami da Lebanon na yanzu, Isra'ila, da Siriya, a cikin karni na 1st BC.

## Tarihi

## Dalilai
Phoenicians sun samo asali ne daga Arewacin Levant a wani lokaci kusan 1800 BC kuma sun yi hijira zuwa Arewacin Afirka kusan 900 BC. Abubuwan da ke haifar da hijirar Finisiya zuwa Arewacin Afirka har zuwa gabar Tekun Atlantika ana muhawara, amma na iya haɗawa da yawan jama'a a cikin Levant da damar tattalin arziki da ƙarafa masu daraja a Arewacin Afirka. Wataƙila waɗannan ƙarafa masu daraja musamman an ba da su ga daular Assuriya yayin da suke faɗaɗa zuwa cikin ƙasar Finisiya a cikin Levant, ko da yake ko wannan ya sa masu wayar tarho ke buƙatar neman ƙarin ta hanyar faɗaɗa zuwa Arewacin Afirka an yi jayayya.

## Shige da fice
Mazaunan Finisiya na farko sun yi ƙaura zuwa Arewacin Afirka a kusan 900 BC a matsayin 'yan kasuwa da fatake, galibi daga Taya da Sidon a cikin Lebanon ta zamani. Sun zauna galibi a kasar Tunisiya a yanzu, amma kuma sun kafa fiye da 300 mazauna da ƙauyuka a cikin ƙasashen Aljeriya da Maroko na zamani. Waɗannan sun haɗa da ƙauyukan Thapsus, Leptis da Hadrumetum, Tunis, Carthage, Utica, Hippo, Igilgili (Jijel), Icosium (Algiers), Iol (Cherchell), Gunugu (Gouraya), Cartennae (Ténès), Tingi (Tangier), Lixus (Larache), Mogador (Ehdouya) da Thoumiria (Ehdouya) (Ehdouya) (Ehdouya). Waɗannan ƙauyuka sun ƙaurace wa mutanen wurin, kuma sun sa muhimmancin al'adun Girka da harshe ya ragu a yammacin Tripoli. Zuriyar mutanen Phoenician mazauna Carthage ta dā sun zama sanannun mutanen Punic. Daga karni na 8 BC, yawancin mazaunan Tunisiya a yau sun kasance Punic.

## Ci gaba
A ƙarshen ƙarni na bakwai da farkon ƙarni na shida BC, ƙauyukan Phoenician a Arewacin Afirka sun girma a siyasance da Phonecia. Musamman ma, birnin Carthage ya zama wani yanki mai zaman kansa, wanda aka sani da Punics da kuma fadada iko akan yammacin Maghreb da Turai. Shaidu daga Sicily sun nuna cewa wasu mutanen Finisiya na yamma da kansu sun iya gano suna ƙarƙashin kalmar "Phoinix", ko 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍𐤌 (knʿnm, "Ka'ananiyawa").

Tasirin kwayoyin halitta

1 cikin 17 maza a arewacin Afirka ta bakin teku da Kudancin Turai suna da kakannin uba na Finisiya, bisa ga wani bincike na 2008.

## Tushen farkı
Akwai ɗan ƙaramin bayani game da ƙaura na Phonecian zuwa Arewacin Afirka idan aka kwatanta da ƙaura zuwa wasu yankuna. Yawancin tushe na farko da ke ba da cikakken bayani game da matsugunan su ne Girka ko Roman asalin kuma, tun daga farkon 2020s, an tono ƙananan wuraren binciken kayan tarihi.

## Manazarta
Guinea ta Faransa

**[[Gini|Guinea]] ta Faransa** (Faransa: Guinée française) tana ƙarƙashin mulkin mallaka na Faransa a Yammacin Afirka. Yankunanta, yayin da suka canza a tsawon lokaci, a cikin shekarar 1958 sune na ƙasar Guinea mai zaman kanta ta yanzu.

Faransa ce ta kafa Guinea ta Faransa a cikin shekarar 1891, a cikin iyakoki iri ɗaya da mulkin mallaka na baya da aka sani da Rivières du Sud (1882-1891). Kafin shekarar 1882, yankunan bakin teku na Guinea na Faransa sun kasance ɓangare na mulkin mallaka na Faransa a Senegal.

A cikin shekarar 1891, an sanya Rivières du Sud a ƙarƙashin Gwamna a Dakar, wanda ke da iko a kan yankunan bakin teku na Faransa a gabas zuwa Porto-Novo (Benin ta zamani). A cikin shekarar 1894 Rivières du Sud, Cote d'Ivoire da Dahomey sun rabu cikin 'yanci' masu zaman kansu, tare da Rivières du Sud an sake masa suna a matsayin **Colony na Guinea Faransa**. A cikin shekarar 1895, Faransa ta zama ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe masu dogaro da yawa kuma Gwamnanta ya zama ɗaya daga cikin Gwamnoni da yawa waɗanda suka kai rahoto ga wani Gwamna a Dakar. A cikin shekarar 1904, an kafa wannan tarayyar ta mulkin mallaka a matsayin Faransa ta Yammacin Afirka. Faransa Guinea, Senegal, Dahomey, Cote d'Ivoire da Upper Senegal da Nijar, kowane Gwamna  yana mulki, ƙarƙashin Gwamna Janar a Dakar.

## Tarihin mulkin mallaka
Faransa ce ke mulkin Guinea har zuwa shekara ta 1958. Ta samu 'yancin kai daga Faransa a shekarar 1958 bayan masu jefa kuri'a suka yi watsi da kundin tsarin mulkin Charles de Gaulle na shekarar 1958. A lokacin Faransa Guinea ita ce kawai yankin da ta yi watsi da sabon kundin tsarin mulkin. Faransa Guinea ta zama ƙasar Guinea ta zamani, tana mai da yaren Faransanci a matsayin harshen hukuma.

## Duba kuma

* Gini
* Tarihin Guinea
* Faransa ta Yammacin Afirka
* Jerin abubuwan mallakar Faransanci da mazauna
* Tsarin lokaci na Conakry

## Manazarta
George Francomb

**Georgie Francomb** (an haife shi ranar 8 ga watan Satumba, 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke buga wa Dorking Wanderers . Hakanan yana iya taka leda a hannun dama.

## Manazarta
Sa’adu Zungur University

**Jami’ar Sa’adu Zungur** (**SAZU**) jami’a ce ta gwamnati mallakar Jihar Bauchi, dake a Najeriya. An kafa jami’ar ne a shekarar 2011 da suna **Jami’ar Jihar Bauchi Gadau (BASUG)**. A shekarar 2024 ne aka sauya sunanta don girmama fitaccen ɗan gwagwarmaya kuma mawaki, Sa’adu Zungur. Jami’ar tana aiki da tsarin rassa da dama: babban cibiyar tana cikin Gadau, yayin da ake da rassan ƙari a Misau da Bauchi (Yuli).

## Tarihi
An kafa jami’ar ne a shekarar 2011 ta hanyar gwamnatin Jihar Bauchi, domin faɗaɗa damar samun ilimi a matakin gaba da sakandare da kuma bunƙasa bincike da ƙwarewa a ilimi. A shekarar 2024 ne aka sauya sunan zuwa Sa’adu Zungur University don girmama ɗan gwagwarmaya na tarihi daga Arewacin Najeriya.

## Gudanarwa
Farfesa Fatimah Tahir ita ce shugabar jami’ar (Vice Chancellor) a halin yanzu. Gwamnatin jami’ar ta maida hankali kan faɗaɗa shirye-shiryen karatu, ƙarfafa malamai da bunƙasa bincike.

## Rassa
* **Gadau**: Babban cibiyar gudanarwa da karatu.
* **Misau**: Sashen da ke dauke da wasu daga cikin koyarwar shari’a (Faculty of Law).
* **Bauchi-Yuli**: Cibiyar shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya da fannin lafiya gaba ɗaya.

## Sassa
Jami’ar Sa’adu Zungur tana bayar da digiri da sauran shirye-shiryen karatu ta fannoni da dama kamar haka:
* Sashen Adabi (Arts)
* Sashen Ilimi (Education)
* Sashen Kimiyya (Science)
* Sashen Zamantakewa da Gudanarwa (Social and Management Sciences)
* Sashen Shari’a (Law)
* Sashen Lafiya da Kimiyyar Lafiya (Medical and Basic Sciences)
* Sashen Noma (Agriculture)

## Shirye-shiryen Karatu
Jami’ar na da shirye-shirye na karatun digiri da na gaba da digiri (postgraduate). Haka kuma tana gudanar da bincike a fannonin kimiyya, ilimi, lafiya, da zamantakewa.

## Sabbin Cigaba
A shekarar 2024, jami’ar ta haɗa gwiwa da Cibiyar Bincike da Ingantaccen Nazari (CERI) domin ƙarfafa ƙwarewar malamai wajen rubuta shirye-shiryen neman tallafin bincike. Hakanan jami’ar ta warware yajin aiki na ASUU wanda ya kai ga sabuwar fahimta kan alawus da jin daɗin malamai.

## Duba kuma
* Jerin jami’o’i a Najeriya
* Ilimi a Najeriya

## Manazarta
* Shafin hukuma na Jami’ar Sa’adu Zungur
* Leadership – ASUU ta dakatar da yajin aiki a Bauchi
* Punch – Tallafin bincike a SAZU
* Guardian – Tabbatar da zaman lafiya tsakanin malamai
Manny Monthé

**Emmanuel Gaëtan Nguemkam Monthé** (an haife shi ranar 26 ga watan Janairu, 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafane na Kamaru wanda yake taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida na kungiyar  ta Oldham Athletic .

## Manazarta
Nohan Kenneh

**Nohan Kenneh** (an haife shi ranar 10 ga watan Janairu, 2003) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Liberia wanda yake taka leda a matsayin dan wasan tsakiya na Tranmere Rovers da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙasa ta Liberia.  Ya kasance tsohon matasan Ingila na kasa da kasa. 

## Manazarta
Jake Kirby

**Jake Antony Kirby** (an haife shi ranar 9 ga watan Mayu, 1994) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda yake taka leda a matsayin dan wasan tsakiya na kungiyar Nantwich Town ta Arewacin Premier League Division One West.

## Manazarta
Zaben gwamna na jihar Kwara na 2007

**Zaben gwamna na [[Kwara (Jiha)|Jihar Kwara]] na 2007** shi ne zaben gwamna na 6 na Jihar kwara. An gudanar da shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2007, dan takarar Jam'iyyar Democrat ta Jama'a Bukola Saraki ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Gbenga Olawepo-Hashim na Jam'iyyar Democratic People's Party . 

## Sakamakon
Bukola Saraki daga Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a ta lashe zaben, inda ta doke Gbenga Olawepo-Hashim daga Jam'idar Jama'a. Masu jefa kuri'a da aka yi rajista sun kasance 1,216,478.

## Manazarta
Zaben gwamna na Jihar Nijar na 2007

**Zaben gwamna na [[Neja|Jihar Nijar]] na 2007** shi ne zaben gwamna na 6 na Jihar Nejar. An gudanar da shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2007, dan takarar Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a Mu'azu Babangida Aliyu ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke David Umaru na Jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party . 

## Sakamakon
Jimillar 'yan takara 12 ne suka fafata a zaben. Mu'azu Babangida Aliyu daga Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a ta lashe zaben, inda ta doke David Umaru daga Jam'idar Jama'ar Najeriya. Adadin masu jefa kuri'a da aka yi rajista ya kai 1,551,903.

## Manazarta
Zaben gwamna na Jihar Ondo na 2007

**Zaben gwamna na [[Ondo (jiha)|Jihar Ondo]] na 2007** shi ne zaben gwamna na 6 a Jihar Ondo, Najeriya . An gudanar da shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2007, dan takarar jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party Olusegun Agagu ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Olusegun Mimiko na Jam'iyyar Labour.

## Sakamakon
Olusegun Agagu daga Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a ta lashe zaben, ta doke Olusegun Mimiko daga Jam'idar Labour. Masu jefa kuri'a da aka yi rajista sun kasance 1,356,779.

## Manazarta
Zaben gwamna na jihar Osun na 2007

**Zaben gwamna na [[Osun|Jihar Osun]] na 2007** shi ne zaben gwamna na 4 na Jihar Osun. An gudanar da shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu 2007, dan takarar jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party Olagunsoye Oyinlola ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Rauf Aregbesola na Action Congress of Nigeria .  Bayan haka, Majalisar Aiki da dan takarar ta, Rauf Aregbesola sun kalubalanci zaben a Kotun daukaka kara. Daga baya aka ayyana Aregbesola a matsayin wanda aka zaba a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, 2010 ta Kotun daukaka kara da ke zaune a Ibadan.

## Sakamakon
Olagunsoye Oyinlola daga Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a ta lashe zaben, inda ta doke Rauf Aregbesola daga Majalisa ta Najeriya. Masu jefa kuri'a da aka yi rajista sun kasance 1,297,297.

## Manazarta
Zaben gwamna na Jihar Oyo na 2007

**Zaben gwamna na [[Oyo (jiha)|Jihar Oyo]] na 2007** shi ne zaben gwamna na 6 na Jihar Ono. An gudanar da shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2007, dan takarar jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party Christopher Alao-Akala ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke Abiola Ajimobi na jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party . 

## Sakamakon
Jimillar 'yan takara 15 ne suka fafata a zaben. Christopher Alao-Akala daga Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ta Jama'a ta lashe zaben, inda ta doke Abiola Ajimobi daga Jam'idar Jama'ar Najeriya. Masu jefa kuri'a da aka yi rajista sun kasance 1,793,476.

## Manazarta
Adama Coulibaly (ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, an haife shi a shekara ta 1980)

**Adama Coulibaly** (an haife shi 10 watan Satumba shekarar ta  1980) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Mali wanda ya yi wasa a matsayin mai tsaron gida.

## Ayyuka
Bayan ya fara aikinsa a DJoliba, ya  shafe mafi yawan aikinsa a bangarorin Faransa Lens da Auxerre . Ya buga wasa daya a Valenciennes kafin ya ƙare aikinsa. Ya  buga wasannin kasa da kasa a Mali tare da dan uwansa Moussa Coulibaly .

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Yana da ƙasashen Mali da ' Faransanci.

## Daraja
**Lens**

* Kofin Intertoto na UEFA: 2005 

**Mali U20**

* Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Matasa ta FIFA ta uku: 1999

## Bayanan da aka ambata

## Haɗin waje

* Adama Coulibaly- Bayanan league na Faransa aLFP- kuma yana samuwaa cikin Faransanci (an adana shi) 
* 
* 
*
Mamadou Bagayoko

**Mamadou Bagayoko** (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga watan Mayu shekarar ta 1979) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin mai gaba. An haife shi a ' Faransa, ya wakilci Mali a matakin kasa da kasa.

## Ayyukan kulob din
An haifi Bagayoko ne a birnin Paris. Farkonsa a babban ' matakin ya zo ne a 1999 ga RC Strasbourg . Ya koma AC Ajaccio a watan Agustan shekara ta ' 2003 kuma an gan shi a matsayin wani muhimmin mutum wajen taimakawa wajen ci gaba da kulob din a Ligue 1 a ' wannan kakar.

Nantes ta ' sanya hannu a kansa kan kusan Yuro miliyan 1.3 a watan Yulin shekarar 2004 a matsayin maye gurbin Marama Vahirua a ' kwangilar shekaru hudu amma ya ƙare ya koma aro zuwa OGC Nice a watan Yunin shekarar 2005, ya taimaka musu su kai wasan karshe na Kofin League na Faransa wanda suka rasa 2-1 ga Nancy.

A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta   2010 ya yi gwaji a Wolverhampton Wanderers .

A ranar 23 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2011, an tabbatar da cewa Bagayoko zai shiga Doncaster Rovers. Canjin ya faru ne a ranar 1 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2012. Ya fara bugawa Doncaster a wasan da aka yi da Notts County ' 2-0 a gasar cin Kofin FA . A ranar 18 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2012, Bagayoko ya zira kwallaye biyu daga benci ga ' Doncaster a cikin asarar 3-2 ga Leeds United. 

A watan Janairun 2013, US Luzenac ta ' sanya hannu kan wakilin kyauta Bagayoko.

## Daraja

* Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Matasa ta FIFA ta uku: 1999

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Ezekiel Anaka

**Ezekiel Anaka** ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne kuma Akanta wanda ya taɓa zama dan majalisar wakilai daga 2003 zuwa 2007, mai wakiltar mazaɓar tarayya ta Abak/Etim Ekpo/Ika na jihar Akwa Ibom.  

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Anaka a watan Yulin shekarar 1964. Ya yi karatu a Jami’ar Uyo, inda ya samu digiri na farko a fannin lissafi a fannin lissaf .

## Sana'ar Siyasa
An zaɓi Anaka a matsayin dan majalisar wakilai a zaɓen 2003 a ƙarƙashin jam’iyyar PDP.   

## Matsayin aure
An yi aure da yaro. 

## Duba kuma

## Manazarta
Gidan Gwamnati, Banjul

**Fadar gwamnati** ita ce wurin zama na shugaban ƙasar Gambia. An gina ta ne a zamanin mulkin mallaka kuma gidan gwamnan Birtaniya ne na Gambiya. Daga nan kuma aka fi sanin ta da Gidan Gwamnati, ta zama gidan Gwamnan Gambiya daga shekarun 1965 zuwa 1970, lokacin da Gambia ta zama jamhuriya tare da Sir Dawda Jawara a matsayin shugaban Gambia na farko.

A cewar tsohon shugaban ƙasar Yahya Jammeh na karya, Birtaniya ba ta gina gidan gwamnati ba. 

## Duba kuma

* Gidajen Gwamnatin Afirka
* Gidajen Gwamnati na Daular Burtaniya
* Gwamnonin Gambiya

## Manazarta
Abdullahi Umar Faruk

**Abdullahi Umar Faruk** ɗan siyasar Najeriya ne daga jihar Kebbi, an haife shi a watan Maris ɗin shekarar 1963. Ya taɓa zama ɗan majalisar tarayya mai wakiltar mazaɓar tarayya ta Birnin Kebbi/Kalgo/Bunza daga shekara ta 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma a 2007 zuwa 2011, a matsayin dan jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP). Ya wakilci Toungo a Majalisar Dokokin Jiha a 2019.   

## Manazarta