Hara-hare a Najeriya, Nuwamba 2011

**Hara-hare a [[Damaturu]] na shekarar 2011** wasu jerin hare-hare ne na haɗin gwiwa da suka abku a garin dama wasu garuruwan da ke a yankin arewacin Najeriya a ranar 4 ga watan Nuwamban 2011, harin da ya kashe mutane fiye da 100 tare da jikkata wasu ɗaruruwa. Daga baya mai magana da yawun ƙungiyar ta'addancin ta  Boko Haram ya ɗauki alhakin kai harin tare da yin alwashin "ƙara kai hare-hare a kan hanya."

## Wai-wa-ye
Kungiyar Boko Haram ta ƙara kaimi wajen kai hare-hare tun a shekara ta 2009 da su kaka yi arangama da jami'an tsaro wanda ya kai hakan ga mutuwar shugabanta Ustaz Mohammed Yusuf, tun a wancan lokaci ko dai ta yi ikirarin ko kuma ta ɗauki alhakin kai hare-hare da dama kan gwamnatin Najeriya da fararen hula. Galibin hare-haren dai sun kasance na faruwa a arewacin Najeriyar da akasarinsu musulmi ne,  an yi ambaci sunan ƙungiyar a wasu hare-haren bama-bamai kamar a Abuja babban birnin tarayyar ƙasar. Tuni dai ƙungiyar da kanta ta haɗe da wasu da ke kawance da ƙungiyar Al Qaeda a yankin Magrib, inda wasu ke sa ran cimma yarjejeniya irin ta mayaƙan MEND na kudancin Najeriya.

## Kai hari
Daga cikin waɗanda aka kai wa hari ko harin ya rutsa da su har da hedkwatar ƴan sandan jihar Yobe, da wasu gine-ginen gwamnati da kuma bankuna biyu, da ma coci-coci aƙalla ƙwara shida. Wani jami’in yankin da ya nemi a sakaya sunansa ya shaidawa manema labarai cewa ana jinyar ɗaruruwan mutanen da suka jikkata a asibitoci bayan ɓarnar da aka yi a birnin. Ƴan daba ko masu rufe fuska sun yi ta yawo a kan tituna na aƙalla sa’o’i 2, suna cinna wa gine-gine wuta tare da yin artabu da jami’an tsaro. Jami'an gwamnati sun tabbatar da mutuwar mutane aƙalla 53 a wani harin ƙuna baƙin wake da aka kai da mota sau biyu a ginin kotun yaki da ta'addanci, kuma shaidu da dama sun yi magana kan adadin waɗanda suka mutu ya zarce na yanzu-(a yadda aka fadi alƙaluman a lokacin).

Sa'o'i kaɗan kafin harin Damaturi wasu ƴan ƙuna baƙin wake su uku sun kai hari a hedikwatar sojoji a Maiduguri tare da jikkata aƙalla mutane bakwai. Rahotanni sun nuna cewa an kuma kai hari a garin Potiskum da ke kusa, kuma a washegarin gidan talabijin na Najeriya ya ba da rahoton wani harin bam da aka kai a birnin Kaduna wanda ya yi sanadin mutuwar mutane biyu. Haka-zalika kusan ofisoshin ƴan sanda uku da majami’u biyar ne aka kai wa hari.

Suleimon Lawal, kwamishinan ƴan sandan Damaturu, ya ce wasu ƴan ƙuna baƙin wake biyu ne suka tuka wata mota maƙare da bama-bamai a cikin kotun yaƙi da ta’addanci da ke yankin, hakan yayi silar kashe mutane 53.

## Ɗaukar nauyin kai harin
A yayin da ƙungiyar Boko Haram ta ɗauki alhakin kai hare-haren, kakakinta Abul-Qaqa ya ce "ƙarin wasu hara-hare na nan tafe".

## Martani

; Na cikin gida (Najeriya)

Wani mai magana da yawun gwamnatin ƙasar ya ce shugaban ƙasar Goodluck Jonathan ya damu matuƙa da harin, kuma ya ce gwamnatinsa na aiki tuƙuru domin ganin an hukunta waɗanda suka kuduri aniyar kawo cikas ga zaman lafiya da kwanciyar hankali a ƙasar. Kakakinsa Reuben Abati ya ƙara da cewa bai ɗauki waɗanda suka kai harin a matsayin "Musulmi na gaskiya ba," domin harin ya faru ne a lokacin Idi. Ya kuma ƙara da cewar “za a ɗauki kowane mataki [don kama wadanda suka aikata laifin]. Hukumomin tsaro za su gaya muku cewa abin da ke faruwa a kan wannan ma'auni ko kadan ne daga abin da ka iya faruwa idan aka yi la'akari da girman barazanar. Jami’an tsaro sun shagaltu da aiki suna ƙoƙarin ganin ba wasu tsiraru (kungiyoyi) da masu kaifin kishin kasa suka ruguza muradin mafi yawan al’ummar Najeriya ba”. Jonathan ya kuma soke tafiya mahaifarsa Bayelsa domin bikin auren ƙaninsa.

Ibrahim Bulama na kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross ta Najeriya ya ce adadin waɗanda suka mutu na iya zarta haka. Ya kuma ce akwai fargabar sake kai wani hari. Ƙungiyar agaji ta Red Cross ta Najeriya, ta yi alƙawarin gudanar da cikakken bincike kan hakikanin adadin waɗanda suka mutu tare da fitar da sakamakon binciken nan da kwanaki masu zuwa. Lawal ya ce a matsayina na kwamishinan ƴan sanda “dabaruna dabara ce ta tsaro [wadda] ba zan iya bayyana wa a fili ba. Don haka da yake [Boko Haram ba] suna bayyana na dabarunsu, ina ganin bai dace in gaya wa duniya abin da nake yi ba."

Nii Akuetteh, tsohon babban darakta na Africa Action, ya ce: “Gwamnati ta daɗe tana cewa za ta yi maganin [Boko Haram] kuma za ta shawo kan matsalar, amma 'haƙa bata cimma ruwa ba'-(ta gagara kawo karshen ta'addanci ƴan ƙungiyar). A baya, yunƙurin da aka yi shi ne ƙoƙarin yakar su ta hanyar soja - don tura jami'an tsaro a bayansu - amma hakan ya haifar da nasa matsalar. Na san a gaskiya akwai ƙungiyoyin Najeriya a ciki da wajen gwamnati, ciki har da kafafen yada labarai, waɗanda ke ba da shawarar cewa gwamnati ta yi kokarin tattaunawa da Boko Haram. Amma ra'ayi na shine kamar ba su da shiri musamman ko kuma suna son yin magana."

; Ƙasashen Duniya

*  – The embassy Ofishin jakadancin ya yi gargadin gaggawa ga ‘yan kasar cewa za a iya kai harin bama-bamai a wasu manyan otal-otal da ke faɗin Abuja. Mai ba Najeriya shawara kan harkokin tsaro, Janar Owoeye Andrew Azazi ya yi watsi da gargadin yana mai cewa hakan kawai haifar da firgici ne.

; Sauran Ƙasashe.

Isaac Olawale, na Cibiyar Bincike ta Jami’ar Oxford kan rashin daidaito, Tsaro da Kabilanci ya ce: “Kokarin da ake yi na magance matsalar ta hanyar amfani da dabarun tunkarar ba zai yi tasiri ba. Ana fama da talauci a duk faɗin ƙasar sannan kuma yawan ƴan Najeriya na  kabilanci, da addini. Boko Haram ta bayyana wasu daga cikin matsalolin zamantakewa da muke gani a Najeriya.”

David Zounmenou na cibiyar nazarin harkokin tsaro ya bayyana cewa: “Abin da ke damun shi shi ne yawan makaman da aka harba a cikin hamada sakamakon kifar da gwamnatin Muammar Gaddafi da kuma na magoya bayansa. Waɗannan makaman dai suna ta kwararowa cikin yankin, suna fadawa hannun ɓata gari. Wasu daga cikinsu suna da tabbacin za su sami hanyarsu ta zuwa Boko Haram, ko al-Qaeda a Magrib ko wasu ƙungiyoyi.”

## Duba kuma

* Rikicin Shari'ar Najeriya

## Manazarta