open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Akaliza Keza Gara

**Akaliza Keza Gara** Yar kasar Rwanda ce yar gwagwarmayar IT ne kuma yar kasuwa.Ta kasance mai himma wajen tallata wannan fanni ga 'yan mata kuma an karrama ta saboda fafutukar ta ta hanyar kyaututtukan gwamnatin Ruwanda da kungiyar sadarwar kasa da kasa . Gara ya kafa kamfanin tuntuba da fasaha da kamfanin kera gidan yanar gizo da kuma dakin wasan kwaikwayo.An bayyana ta a matsayin"daya daga cikin 'yan matan Ruwanda da suka samu gagarumin ci gaba wajen sauya fasalin fasahar zamani a kasar"kuma mamba ce a kungiyar Global Shapers Community Forum Tattalin Arziki.

## Sana'a
Akaliza Keza Gara haifaffen Uganda ne kuma ya rayu a lokuta daban-daban a Afirka ta Kudu,Kenya,Amurka,Faransa,Switzerland,da Italiya.Tana da digiri na farko a fasahar multimedia da zane daga Jami'ar Kent,Canterbury (Birtaniya). Ta zauna a Kigali,kasar Ruwanda bayan ta kammala digirinta kuma ta samu aikinta na farko a shekara ta 2009 ta hanyar yin takara don tsara gidan yanar gizon Sakatariyar Gina Ƙarfi na Gwamnati.Tana da shekara 23 kuma sai da ta aro kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka daga abokin aikin don kammala aikin.Gara ta kafa kasuwancin multimedia Shaking Sun don ba ta damar samun ƙarin aiki a fannonin zane-zane,ƙirar gidan yanar gizo da wasan kwaikwayo da horar da matasa 'yan Rwanda.Kamfanin ya tsara gidajen yanar gizon ma'aikatar kudi da tsare-tsare ta Ruwanda da ma'aikatar albarkatun kasa.

Tun Satumba 2012 Gara ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara a kLab, ƙungiyar don ba da tallafin fasaha da ba da shawara ga mutane a Kigali kuma tana aiki tare da Girls in ICT Rwanda,wanda ke haɗa mata da ke aiki a cikin ƙwararrun masana fasahar sadarwa da fasahar sadarwa don haɓaka fannin a matsayin sana'a ga 'yan mata.Ita mamba ce ta cibiyar Kigali na Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Duniya ta Global Shapers Community. A cikin 2012 Gara ta sami lambar yabo ta Ma'aikatar Matasa da ICT ta Ruwanda.A wannan shekarar ta kasance daya daga cikin mata hudu 'yan kasar Ruwanda 'yan kasuwa na ICT da kungiyar sadarwa ta kasa da kasa ta amince da su da fice a fagensu.Ta fara yin amfani da hashtag na "Ruwanda akan Twitter"(#RwOT).

## Manazarta
Hilda Tadria

**Hilda M.Tadria** wata mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata ce 'yar kasar Uganda, kwararriyar jinsi da ci gaban zamantakewa, kuma babbar darektar shirin jagoranci da karfafawa mata matasa a Uganda (MEMPROW).Ta shawarci kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu a duniya kan jinsi,kula da hukumomi da ci gaban zamantakewa, kuma ta kasance mataimakiyar farfesa a Jami'ar Makerere.

## Rayuwar farko
Tadria tana da digiri na farko a fannin ilimin zamantakewa daga Jami'ar Makerere,digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam daga Kwalejin Newnham,Cambridge,Ingila, da PhD a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam daga Jami'ar Minnesota,Amurka.

## Sana'a
Tadria ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan jinsi,kula da hukumomi da ci gaban zamantakewa ga Bankin Duniya,UNDP,UNIFEM,Gwamnatin Uganda,Hukumar Raya Kasa da Kasa ta Kanada (CIDA)da NOVIB.

Tadria mataimakiyar farfesa ce a Sashen nazarin zamantakewar al'umma a Jami'ar Makerere,kuma yayin da a can ya kafa kungiya mai zaman kanta (NGO),Action for Development (ACFODE).

A watan Satumba na 2017,ta jagoranci wani taron bita ga ƙungiyar"manyan mata na Afirka"a kungiyar Afirka ta Kudu Masimanyane Women's Rights International,tare da Dorcas Coker-Appiah,babban darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Jinsi da Cibiyar Nazarin Hakkokin Dan Adam ta Ghana,kuma ta ba da kyauta. "Bita mai karfi tana kwance tsarin mulkin baba".

## Nassoshi
Sabina Berman

**Sabina Berman Goldberg** (an haife ta  ishirin da Daya ga  watan Agusta, shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da hamsin da biyar, a birnin Mexico ) marubuciya ce kuma 'yar jarida. Aikinta ya shafi batutuwan da suka shafi bambance-bambance da cikas. Ita ce ta lashe lambar yabo ta Rubutun Wasa ta ƙasa sau huɗu a Mexico (Premio Nacional de Dramaturgia Juan Ruiz Alarcón) kuma sau biyu ta sami lambar yabo na aikin jarida ta ƙasa (Premio Nacional de Periodismo). An shirya wasanninta a Kanada, Arewacin Amurka, Latin Amurka, da Turai. An fassara littafinta mai suna *Me* ( *La mujer que buceó en el corazón del mundo* ) zuwa harsuna Sha daya kuma an buga shi a cikin ƙasashe sama da talatin, ciki har da Spain, Faransa, Amurka, Ingila, da Isra'ila.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Farkon rayuwar Berman ta kasance alamar ƙaura zuwa Mexico na iyayenta, waɗanda Yahudawa ne na Poland, a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin shugaban ƙasa na Lázaro Cárdenas del Río . Mahaifinta, masanin masana'antu Enrique Berman, ya rasa dukkan danginsa a yakin duniya na biyu. Mahaifiyarta ita ce masaniyar ilimin halaiyar dan Adam Raquel Goldberg. An haifi Berman a Asibitin Español na birnin Mexico, inda ta girma tare da ’yan’uwa biyu da ’yar’uwa ɗaya, muhimman abubuwa a rayuwarta. Ta kasance memba na tawagar wasan tennis na matasa na Mexico. Ta yi karatun ilimin halin dan Adam da wallafe-wallafen Mexican a Jami'ar Iberoamericana . 

A cikin shekara ta dubu biyu da goma Sha hudu, ta rubuta fim ɗin *Gloria*, wani tarihin mawaƙa na Mexican Gloria Trevi, wanda Christian Keller ya jagoranta wanda shine wanda aka zaɓa na Premio Ariel don mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayo na asali. Nuwamba 2015 ya nuna alamar farkon fim ɗinta na baya-bayan nan, *Macho*, wanda Antonio Serrano ya jagoranta.

Ta rubuta wasan kwaikwayo na fim ɗin *Tarihin Ƙaunar* Alfonso Cuaron da *Haske* don Alejandro González Iñarritu.

An fassara littafinta mai suna *Me* ( *La mujer que buceó en el corazón del mundo* ) zuwa harsuna Sha daya kuma an buga shi a cikin ƙasashe sama da 33, ciki har da Spain, Faransa, Amurka, Ingila, da Isra'ila. Littafinta na baya-bayan nan, *Allahn Darwin*, ya *sake* duba babban jarumi na don shiga gwagwarmayar gadon Darwin.

Ta kasance mai samar da shirin talabijin na *Shalalá* tare da Katia D'Artigues, wanda aka watsa a kan Televisión Azteca. A halin yanzu tana karbar bakuncin shirin *Berman: Otras Historias* akan ADN40.

A matsayinta na Yar jarida, ita ce mai ba da gudummawa ta mako-mako zuwa *Revista Proceso* da kuma mawallafin mako-mako na *El Universal*, inda ta buga tatsuniyoyi na siyasa. Ta rubuta labarai don mujallar *Vanity Fair* a cikin Mutanen Espanya da kuma mujallar *Quién.*

## Manazarta
Kafui Adjamagbo-Johnson

**Brigitte Kafui Adjamagbo-Johnson** (an haife ta 26 Disamba Shekara ta 1958)'yar siyasa ce'yar Togo,lauya kuma mai rajin kare hakkin bil'adama,kuma mace ta farko da ta tsaya takara a zaben shugaban kasa a kasarta.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Adjamagbo-Johnson a ranar 26 ga Disamba 1958 a Bassar,Togo, 'yar Cornélie,ungozoma,da Paul Adjamagbo, likita.

## Ilimi
Adjamagbo-Johnson ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin shari'a a cikin Shekara ta 1983 daga Jami'ar Lomé, sannan DEA a cikin shari'a mai zaman kanta a Jami'ar Paris V, Malakoff,da DEA na biyu a cikin shari'a masu zaman kansu da dokar kwatance,zaɓin yancin Afirka da PhD. a 1986 a Jami'ar Paris I Panthéon Sorbonne.

Daga baya ta yi aiki a matsayin malami a Jami'ar Lomé. 

## Sana'a
Adjamagbo-Johnson ya kasance memba na Convention démocratique des peuples africains (CDPA),kuma shine babban mai ba da rahoto game da taronta na 1991.Ta rike mukamai da dama a gwamnati,

har ta zama minist, kuma ta yi suna a "fadi da jajircewa a siyasance, kuma ana yi mata lakabi a "The Iron Lad.. 

Tun daga Afrilu 1997,Adjamagbo-Johnson ya kasance kodinetan ofishin reshen yanki na yammacin Afirka na WiLDAF (Doka da Ci gaba a Afirka).

A shekarar 2010,Adjamagbo-Johnson ita ce shugabar jam'iyyar adawa ta Democratic Convention of African Peoples,kuma mace ta farko da ta tsaya takara a zaben shugaban kasa a kasarta.Sai dai kuma a cikin watan Fabrairun 2010,Adjamagbo-Johnson da wasu manyan ‘yan takara biyu na ‘yan adawa a zaben shugaban kasa sun janye saboda zanga-zangar da suke ganin za a samu sakamakon magudi.

Da yake rubutawa a kan dandalin mata na Afirka,Adjamagbo-Johnson ya ce,"Tafiyata tare da mata ta fara ne tun farkon rayuwata yayin da wayar da nake da ita ta karu game da rashin daidaito da zaluntar mata a cikin muhalli na iyali,unguwanni da kuma a cikin al'umma gaba daya".

A watan Nuwamba 2020 an kama Adjamagbo-Johnson a gidanta da ke Lomé babban birnin Togo.A cikin wani jawabi da aka yi ta gidan talabijin,mai shigar da kara Essolissam Poyodi ya yi ikirarin cewa ya bankado"takardun da ke kunshe da wani shiri na tada zaune tsaye a kasar". Bayan zanga-zangar kasa da kasa,an sake ta daga tsare a ranar 17 ga Disamba 2020.

## Manazarta
Muhammadi Begum

**Muhammadi Begum** (wanda kuma aka fi sani da **Sayyidah Muhammadi Begum**;22 ga Mayun shekarar 1878 - 2 Nuwamba 1908) malamin musulman Sunna ne,marubuci Urdu kuma mai fafutukar ilimin mata.Ita ce ta kafa mujallar Musulunci ta mako-mako *Tehzeeb-e-Niswan*,kuma ita ce editan kafa.An san ta a matsayin mace ta farko da ta shirya mujallar Urdu.Ita ce matar Sayyid Mumtaz Ali Deobandi.

## Tarihin Rayuwa

An haifi Muhammadi Begum a ranar 22 ga Mayun shekarar 1878 a Shahpur,Punjab.Ta koyi Urdu kuma ta zama Hafizi yayin da take haddace Alqur'ani..Ta koyi rubuta wasiƙu don ci gaba da tuntuɓar ƙawarta bayan ta yi aure a 1886.

A shekarar 1897,ta zama matar Sayyid Mumtaz Ali Deobandi ta biyu,malamin addinin musulunci kuma tsohuwar Darul Uloom Deoband.Ta koyi Larabci da Farisa a wurin sabon mijinta, kuma ta yi karatu a keɓance da Ingilishi da Hindi da Lissafi.

A ranar 1 ga Yulin 1898,ma'auratan sun fara wata mujalla ta mako-mako ga mata mai suna *Tehzeeb-e-Niswan,*wacce ake ɗauka a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan farko na yancin mata a Musulunci.Mujallar ta buga ra'ayoyi masu tsattsauran ra'ayi game da kisan aure tare da tilasta alimoni da kawo karshen purdah da auren mata fiye da daya.An yaba mata a matsayin mace musulma ta farko a Indiyakuma mace ta farko da ta taba gyara wata mujalla ta Urdu. Ta gyara *Tehzeeb-e-Niswan* har zuwa rasuwarta a 1908.

## Ayyukan adabi
Muhammadi Begum ya rubuta littafai talatin wadanda suka hada da *Shareef Beti* wadanda suka yi bayani kan illolin da ke tattare da hada auren ‘ya’ya wanda galibi ke haddasa auren dole Sauran ayyukanta sun hada da:

* *Aji Kal*
* *Safiya Begum*
* *Chandan Har*
* *Adab e Mulaqaat*
* *Rafeeqe Aroos*
* *Khanadari*
* *Sugar Beti*
Claire Berlinski

**Claire Berlinski** (an haifeta a shekara ta 1968) yar jaridar Amurka ce kuma marubuciya. Haihuwa kuma ta girma a California da wasu sassa na Amurka, ciki harda New York City da Seattle, ta karanta Tarihin Zamani a Kwalejin Balliol, Oxford indata sami digiri na uku a Alakar Duniya .  Ta zauna a Bangkok, inda tayi aiki a *Asiya Times* ; Laos, inda tayi aiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ; da Istanbul, inda tayi aiki a matsayin 'yar jarida mai zaman kanta. Yanzu tana zaune a Paris.

## Sana'arta
Berlinski ta rubuta litattafai na leken asiri guda biyu,  aiki akan mahimmancin Turai ga muradun Amurka,  da kuma tarihin rayuwar Margaret Thatcher mai ban sha'awa amma mai mahimmanci. An buga aikin jaridanta a cikin *[[New York Times|The New York Times]]* da *The Washington Post* da sauran wallafe-wallafe.  

## Rayuwarta ta sirri
Ita 'yar marubuci ne kuma mai ilimi David Berlinski  kuma cellist Toby Saks,  jikar mawaki kuma masanin kida Herman Berlinski, kuma 'yar'uwar marubuci Mischa Berlinski . Ta kasance tana zaune a Istanbul har lokacin zanga-zangar Gezi Park lokacin data yanke shawarar ƙaura zuwa Paris don kusanci da mahaifinta bayan mutuwar mahaifiyarta a shekara ta 2013. 

## Littattafai

; Labarin karya

* alif dubu biyu da biyu 
* (2006)
* *Babu Madadi: Me yasa Margaret Thatcher Matters* (2008)

; Almara

* *Alias Selena Keller*, wanda aka rubuta tare da Steven Barris shekara ta (2001)
* *Sake Lebe* shekara ta (2003)
* *Idanun Zaki* shekara ta (2007)

## Nassoshi

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* 
* Appearances on C-SPAN
Stéphanie Mbanzendore

**Stéphanie Mbanzendore** 'yar gwagwarmayar mata ce daga Burundi, wacce ta kasance a Rotterdam a cikin Netherlands tun shekara ta 2003. Itace ta kafa kungiyar Matan Burundin don Zaman Lafiya da Ci gaba, kuma shugabar kungiyar masu samar da zaman lafiya ta mata masu al'adu da yawa, kuma tana da hannu a wasu kungiyoyin kare hakkin mata da dama da kuma kungiyoyin fafutukar neman zaman lafiya.

## Rayuwarta ta farko
An haifi Stéphanie Mbanzendore kuma ta girma a Burundi, inda daga baya tayi karatunta kuma tayi aiki.  Tun shekara ta 2003, ta kasance a Rotterdam acikin kasar Netherlands. 

## Sana'arta
Mbanzendore itane wanda ta kafa wata kungiya ta Burundian Women for Peace and Development (BWPD) mai hedkwata a kasar Netherland, wadda ke cin zarafin mata da matasa, kuma tana fafutuka a fagen zaman lafiya, warware rikice-rikice da kuma rigakafin cutar kanjamau, musamman a Burundi. da kuma yin aiki da mata a Rwanda da Kongo .   A cikin shekara ta 2009, BWPD ta gina Cibiyar Zaman Lafiya a Burundi, "don ƙara yawaita shiga cikin al'umma da gina wurin tattaunawa mai dorewa, tarurrukan bita da horo don gudana cikin dogon lokaci".  

A shekara ta 2008, an zabi matan Burundin don zaman lafiya da cigaba (BWPD) don samun lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya, kuma ma'aikatar jinsi da kare hakkin bil'adama ta Burundi ce ta zabe su, kuma memba ce a kwamitin gudanarwa na kasa kan kudurin MDD mai lamba 1325 . 

Mbanzendore itace shugabar kungiyar mata masu samar da zaman lafiya ta al'adu da yawa .   Itace mai bada shawara ga Asusun Duniya na Mata .  Mbanzendore memba ce a kungiyar Mata ta Kasa a Burundi, mai wakiltar kasashen waje. 

## Rayuwarta ta sirri
Tun shekara ta 2003, ta zauna a Rotterdam, Netherlands. 

## Nassoshi
Marta Ackelsberg

**Martha A. Ackelsberg** ( New York, a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da arba'in da shida) 'yar kimiyyar siyasa ce Ba-Amurke kuma ta kware a karatun mata. Ayyukanta  na mayar da hankali kan yanayin iko da dangantakarsa da al'ummomi. Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin bincikenta sun haɗa da gwagwarmayar mata a Amurka da Mujeres Libres, ƙungiyar mata masu adawa a lokacin juyin juya halin zamantakewa na Spain na 1936.

## Sana'ar ta
Ackelsberg ta halarci Kwalejin Radcliffe, cibiyar mata wacce ke cikin Jami'ar Harvard, inda ta sami digiri na farko, da Jami'ar Princeton, ta kammala karatun digiri tare da digiri na biyu da na digiri.  Ackelsberg ta shiga duniyar ilimi a Kwalejin Smith a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da saba'in da biyu.  Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin farfesa na farko a cikin shirin Nazarin Mata na wannan cibiyar, kasancewarta mai haɗin gwiwar shirin.  A cikin shekarunta na farko a matsayin malami, Ackelsberg ta kasance mai himma a cikin gwagwarmayar mata na Yahudawa tare da kungiyoyi kamar B'not Esh.  A cikin 2006 an nada ta Farfesa na Kwaleji Biyar Shekaru 40 a Kwalejin Smith sannan a shekara ta dubu biyu da bakwai Farfesa William R. Kenan Jr. Ta yi ritaya a shekara ta dubu biyu da goma sha biyu.

A cikin shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da casa'in da ɗaya ta buga *<nowiki/>'Yancin Mata na Spain: Anarchism da Gwagwarmaya don 'Yancin Mata*,  wanda tun daga lokacin aka sake buga shi sau da yawa. Littafin tarihin Mujeres Libres ne, ƙungiyar mata a lokacin juyin juya halin Mutanen Espanya na 1936 wanda ya bambanta kansa da sauran ƙungiyoyin masu adawa da mulkin Fascist ta hanyar neman yalwar 'yanci ga mata a cikin al'ummar Spain. 

Ackelsberg kuma ya rubuta littafin 2010 *Resisting Citizenship: Feminist Essays on Politics, Community, and Democracy* .   Wannan tarin kasidu yana nazarin alakar da ke tsakanin al’umma da mulki, ta yin amfani da Amurka a matsayin nazari na bincike kan wannan alaka a cikin ka’idar dimokuradiyya .  Marubutan sun mayar da hankali ne musamman kan ikon da masu fafutuka na mata suka samu da kuma bayyana su a cikin al'ummominsu.

Tare da Kristen Renwick Monroe da Rogers M. Smith, Ackelsberg ta sami lambar yabo ta 2010 Frank Johnson Goodnow Award daga Ƙungiyar Kimiyyar Siyasa ta Amirka, lambar yabo ta rayuwa wanda "girmama hidima ga al'ummar malamai, masu bincike, da kuma ma'aikatan gwamnati da ke aiki a fannoni da dama. siyasa. 

An rufe aikin Ackelsberg a cikin kafofin watsa labaru kamar *Nexo*  da *Muryar Yahudawa*,  kuma ta rubuta wa *Gotham Gazette* .  Abokin aikin ta Judith Plaskow, farfesa ce a fannin ilimin addini a Kwalejin Manhattan . 

## Abubuwa masu alaka

* Anarchism

## Fitattun ayyukan ta

* *Mata, Welfare, da Babban Ilimi: Zuwa Gabaɗaya Siyasa*, edited, tare da Randall Bartlett da Robert Buchele (1988). 
* *Mata masu kyauta.* *Anarchism da gwagwarmayar 'yantar da mata* (1991).
* *Juriya ga zama ɗan ƙasa: Rubutun Mata akan Siyasa, Al'umma, da Dimokuradiyya* (2010).

## Kyauta

* Kyautar Frank Johnson Goodnow, Ƙungiyar Kimiyyar Siyasa ta Amurka (2010).

## Manazarta
Martha Kwataine

**Martha Kwataine** 'yar kasar Malawi ce mai fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama da kiwon lafiya,kuma wacce ta kafa kuma tsohuwar darektan cibiyar sadarwar lafiya ta Malawi Health Equity Network (MHEN).

A watan Oktoba na 2006,Kwataine ya kafa cibiyar sadarwa ta Lafiya ta Malawi (MHEN),kuma ya zama babban darekta.MHEN wani "hadin kai ne na kungiyoyi da daidaikun mutane wadanda ke havaka daidaito da inganci"a fannin kiwon lafiya,kuma tana da tushe a Lilongwe,babban birnin Malawi.

A shekara ta 2010,wani rahoton MHEN ya nuna cewa ma’aikatar lafiya ta gwamnati ta kashe kashi 50-60 na kasafin kudinta kan ayyuka a hedkwatarta,maimakon aiyuka a fadin kasar.Kwataine ya yi tsokaci,"Wannan kudi ne da ake kashewa kan alawus-alawus da motoci masu kafa hudu da ke tsere a titunan babban birnin kasar, amma duk da haka kashi 80 cikin 100 na 'yan Malawi suna cikin yankunan karkara inda matsalolin kiwon lafiya ke ta'azzara".

A shekara ta 2012,Kwataine ya koma birnin Washington DC na Amurka don neman taimakon gwamnatin Amurka.

A shekarar 2012 tsohuwar shugabar kasar Madam Joyce Banda ta zabi Martha Kwataine a matsayin shugabar hukumar kula da harkokin sadarwa ta Malawi MACRA.A MACRA ta kasance mai rigima kuma ta ci gaba da yiwa gwamnati tambayoyi a matsayinta na mai fafutuka a wani lokaci ta saba wa Joyce Banda wacce gwamnatinta ta so ta sake daukar babban darakta a lokacin.

A watan Nuwamban 2015,Kwataine ya yi murabus ba zato ba tsammani a matsayin babban daraktan cibiyar sadarwar lafiya ta Malawi.An ba da rahoton cewa ta bar MEHN don fara aiki tare da ActionAid.

A cikin 2016 Martha kwataine ta bar aikin agaji don ci gaba da jagorantar Baobab Health Trust (BHT).A cikin BHT ta yi aiki kafada da kafada da asibitocin Malawi don tabbatar da cewa asibitocin za su sami bayanan likitancin lantarki da suke aiki sosai har lokacin da babban mai ba da gudummawar su ya janye.

A watan Oktoban 2020 Martha Kwataine ta bar BHT yayin da Rev Dr Lazarus Chakwera ya nada ta a matsayin mai ba shugaban kasa shawara kan kungiyoyin farar hula kuma daga kalamanta da alama tana goyon bayan jam'iyya mai mulki 

## Manazarta
ITUC - Afirka

**Kungiyar ITUC na yankin Afirka** ( **ITUC-Africa** ), kungiya ce ta yanki na kungiyar kwadago ta kasa da kasa, mai wakiltar kungiyoyin kwadago daga kasashen Afirka . Akwai kungiyoyin kwadago na kasa 56 da ke da alaka da ITUC-Afirka, daga kasashe 45, wadanda ke wakiltar ma’aikata miliyan 15.

## Tarihi
An kafa kungiyar ne a shekara ta 2007, a wani taro a birnin Accra, tare da hadewar kungiyar ICFTU ta shiyyar Afirka da kungiyar kwadago ta duniya.

Ƙungiyar tana da manyan sassa shida, masu kula da magance rikice-rikice, manufofin tattalin arziki da zamantakewa, ilimi, jinsi & daidaito, HIV/AIDS, da 'yancin ɗan adam & kungiyar kwadago. A cikin kalamansa.

: ICFTU-AFRO na neman yakar talauci, rashin aikin yi da duk wani nau'in wariya, cin zarafi, tashin hankali na son rai, tsarewa ba tare da shari'a ba da kuma korarsu ba bisa ka'ida ba.

## Ƙungiyoyin haɗin gwiwa

## Jagoranci

### Babban Sakatare

: 2007: Kwasi Adu-Amankwah

### Shugabanni

: 2007: Mody Guiro

## Nassoshi

*  2004 ICFTU-AFRO news archives

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Yanar Gizo na ITUC-Africa
DITSELA

**DITSELA** (Cibiyar Ci gaba don Horowa, Tallafawa da Ilimi don Kwadago), wanda kuma aka sani da **Cibiyar Ilimin Ma'aikatan DITSELA** ƙungiya ce ta ilimi ta ƙungiyar a Afirka ta Kudu. An kafa ta ne a cikin 1996 ta manyan ƙungiyoyin ƙungiyoyi, kuma an ba da izini don samar da shirye-shiryen da ke haɓaka ƙarfin ƙungiyar, samar da ma'aikata da ƙwararrun ma'aikata, da haɓaka tunani mai mahimmanci da fa'ida.  An bayyana DITSELA a cikin rahoton Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya ta 2007 a matsayin 'mafi girman cibiyar ilimi a Afirka'. 

## Tarihi
An kafa DITSELA ne tare da goyon bayan manyan gamayyar kungiyoyin kwadago a kasar Afrika ta kudu a lokacin, da kungiyar tarayyar Afrika ta kudu FEDUSA da kuma Congress of African Trade Unions (COSATU) domin su taimaka wajen gina katafariyar kungiyar kwadago.  Daga nan kuma sai ga shi kungiyar kwadago ta kasa (NACTU). An yi niyya ne don ƙarfafa shirye-shiryen ilimantarwa na ƙungiyar da ake da su, da kuma taimakawa ƙungiyoyin su haɓaka nasu shirye-shiryen ilimi. 

## Ayyuka, Iyaka da Kuɗi
A takaice dai DITSELA pun: *ditsela* kuma yana nufin 'hanyoyin' a Sesotho, kuma taken cibiyar shine 'Hanyoyin zuwa Ƙarfafa Ƙarfafan Ƙwararru. DITSELA tana gudanar da manyan tsare-tsare guda biyar, da suka hada da shirin bunkasa jagoranci na mata (WLDP), da kuma DITSELA Advanced National Labor Education Program (DANLEP), wanda na karshen ya yaye sama da mutane 1,000 daga farkonsa zuwa 2011.  DITSELA tana da ofisoshi a Johannesburg da Cape Town, kuma ana ba da wasu shirye-shiryenta, kamar WLDP, tare da Jami'ar Cape Town da Jami'ar Western Cape .

Babban mai ba da kuɗaɗen DITSELA, ba ƙungiyoyin ƙungiyoyi bane, jiha ce.  Yayin da cibiyar ta taimaka wajen bude kofa ga amincewa da ilimin kungiyar kanta, an yi ta suka a cikin wasu kungiyoyin saboda kwarewa da wannan aiki da kuma alakanta shi da bunkasa sana'o'i, da kuma fitar da shi waje tsarin kungiyar. 

## Nassoshi
Alice Ouédraogo

**Alice Ouédraogo** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1955)jami'ar kula da lafiyar jama'a ta Burkinabé ce.Lauya ta sana'a ta yi aiki da yawa tare da Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya (ILO).Ouédraogo shi ne wakilin ILO a Kamaru da Habasha sannan kuma darektan yankin Afirka ta Tsakiya.A halin yanzu ita ce shugabar shirin ILO kan cutar kanjamau kuma tana kokarin rage yaduwar cutar kanjamau da kuma kara yawan masu jinya.

Ouédraogo lauya ne wanda ya kware a dokokin kasa da kasa da gogewa a Afirka da kuma Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Ta kasance wakiliyar Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya (ILO) zuwa Kamaru da Habasha Ta bar aikin a Kamaru a watan Yulin 2006 kuma da yin haka ta yaba wa ministar karfafa mata ta Kamaru da kuma Iyali Suzanne Mbomback bisa ayyukanta na inganta rayuwar mata a kasar.

A cikin 2008 Ouédraogo an nada shi darektan ofishin yanki na ILO na Afirka ta Tsakiya. Daga baya ta zama mataimakiyar darektan Sashen Haɗin Kan Siyasa na ILO inda alhakin (a cikin 2010)ya haɗa da sa ido kan gudummawar da ILO ke bayarwa don gamsar da muradun bunƙasa karni (musamman maƙasudin farko na"kawar da matsanancin talauci da yunwa").

A halin yanzu Ouédraogo shine shugaban shirin "HIV/AIDS da Duniyar Aiki"a ILO.Shirin yana da,tun 2001,yana gudanar da ayyuka don fiye da ma'aikata miliyan 3 da kuma kafa shirye-shirye a fiye da kasashe 70.Akalla kasashe 10 ne suka amince da dokokin kasa bisa ka'idojin aikin shirin.Ouédraogo yana aiki don cimma burin mutane miliyan 15 da ke cikin shirye-shiryen maganin cutar kanjamau nan da 2015.Shirin a karkashin Ouédraogo ya yi duba don samar da ingantattun guraben aikin yi don rage yiwuwar karuwanci da jima'i mara kariya da inganta hadin gwiwa tsakanin jama'a da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu tare da fa'ida ga martabar kamfanoni da amfani da hanyoyin rarraba kamfanoni masu zaman kansu,tallatawa da tallace-tallace.Ouédraogo ya kuma duba fa'idar inganta lafiyar ma'aikatan gidan yari domin rage yaduwar cutar kanjamau da tarin fuka a wuraren tsare mutane.Ta kuma gudanar da bincike kan alakar dake tsakanin adadin maganin cutar kanjamau da matsayin aikin yi;tasirin maganin cutar kanjamau na takaita zirga-zirgar bakin haure da amfani da gwajin cutar kanjamau da ba da shawara a wuraren aiki.Ouédraogo ya yaba da ayyukan wasu kamfanonin inshora na likita a Sri Lanka waɗanda suka cire keɓancewa daga manufofinsu don maganin cutar HIV.
Karinou Airlines

**Karinou Airlines** jirgin sama ne da ke Bangui, Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya. Yana gudanar da ayyukan fasinja da aka tsara zuwa wurare da dama a fadin Afirka.

## Tarihi
Kamfanin Jiragen Sama na Karinou ya fara aikin haya a karkashin **Kamfanin Jiragen Saman Afirka**  Tsarin kasuwancin ba ya aiki ga kamfanin jirgin sama. Daga baya, kasa da shekara guda bayan haka, sun sake yi masa suna a matsayin Karinou Airlines, suna canza tsarin kasuwancin su daga haya zuwa ayyukan da aka tsara. 

Ba da daɗewa ba bayan sake fasalin, a farkon shekara ta 2013, kamfanin jirgin saman Karinou ya fara jigilar fasinja da aka tsara zuwa wurare goma a faɗin nahiyar Afirka yana amfani da babban tushe na dalar Amurka miliyan 100. 

A watan Maris ɗin shekarar 2013, bayan da mayakan 'yan tawaye suka shiga birnin Bangui, an nuna shugaba Francois Bozize ya tsere zuwa Jamhuriyar Dimokaradiyyar Kwango a cikin wani jirgin saman Karinou. 

## Wurare
Kamfanin Jiragen Sama na Karinou yana hidima a wurare masu zuwa (tun watan Agusta 2013): 

## Fleet

Jirgin jirgin na Karinou ya ƙunshi jiragen sama masu zuwa (tun watan Agusta 2019): 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Karinou Airlines on Facebook
Jerin manyan bankunan Afirka

Akwai ƙungiyoyin kuɗin Afirka guda biyu waɗanda ke da alaƙa da manyan bankunan ƙasashen duniya; Banque Centrale des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (BCEAO) da Banque des États de l'Afrique Centrale (BEAC). Membobin ƙungiyoyin kuɗi biyu suna amfani da CFA Franc a matsayin ɗan takararsu na doka.

Da ke ƙasa akwai **jerin bankunan tsakiya da kudaden Afirka** .

## Duba kuma
 

* Afirka
* Tattalin Arzikin Afirka
* Jerin ƙasashen Afirka ta GDP (na ƙima)
* Jerin musayar hannayen jari na Afirka
* Jerin kudade a Afirka

## Nassoshi
Yuki Kodama

**Yuki Kodama** (Japanese: 小玉 ユキ, Hepburn: Kodama Yuki) ba-jafanisiya ce manga artist. Ƙwararriyar mai zane ce a bangaren *[[Yara a kan Tudu|Kids on the Slope]]*, wacce tayi nasaran lashe kyautar Shogakukan Manga Award a shekarar 2011.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Kodama a ranar 26 ga Satumba a Sasebo,lardin Nagasaki, Japan.Ta fara fitowa a matsayin mai zane-zane na manga a cikin 2000,tare da jerin shirye-shiryenta na Zakuro  da aka buga a *Cutie Comic*, mujallar manga ta Takarajimasha ta buga.  Kodama zai taci gaba da buga ayyukan gajere da yawa a cikin *Cutie Comic* da *Vanilla*, mujallar manga ta Kodansha ta buga,a farkon-zuwa tsakiyar 2000s. 

Kodama an fi saninta da jerin manga ɗinta *Kids on the Slope*, wanda aka jera a cikin mujallar manga Flowers *Monthly Flowers* daga 2007 zuwa 2012.  Silsilar,wacce Kodama ta dogara da kwarewarta da ta girma a Sasebo,ita ce babbar manga ga mata a cikin bugu na 2009 na *Kono Manga ga Sugoi* na shekara-shekara na Takarajimasha ! matsayi  kuma ta lashe lambar yabo ta Shogakukan Manga na 57 a cikin 2012 don babban manga.A cikin 2012, *Kids on the Slope* an daidaita su zuwa jerin wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin ta darekta Shinichirọ Watanabe. 

Bayan *Kids on the Slope*, Kodama's ta rubuta jerin manga *Tsukikage Baby*,wasan kwaikwayo wanda ta mayar da hankali kan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin garin Jafananci na gargajiya daga ra'ayoyin iyalai daban-daban.Jerin, wanda aka buga daga 2013 zuwa 2017 a cikin *furanni na wata-wata* ; ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan manga na mata a cikin 2014 *Kono Manga ga Sugoi!* matsayi.  Jerin ta na gaba *Chikako no Niwa*, wanda kuma aka buga a cikin *furanni na wata-wata*, ta gudana daga 2017 zuwa 2018,   kuma ta sanya na takwas a cikin 2019 *Kono Manga ga Sugoi!* matsayi.  Aikinta na baya-bayan nan, *Ao no Hana, Utsuwa no Mori*,an buga shi a cikin *furanni na wata-wata* tun daga 2018. 

## Ayyuka

### Jeri mai gudana

* *Hagoromo Mishin* (an buga shi a cikin *Furen Watanni*, 2007) 
* *Kids on the Slope* (an buga shi a cikin *Furen Watanni*, 2007 - 2012) 
* *Tsukikage Baby* (an buga shi a cikin *Furen Watanni*, 2013 - 2017)  
* *Chisako no Niwa* (an buga shi a cikin *Furen Watanni*, 2017 - 2018)  
* *Ao no Hana, Utsuwa ba Mori* (an buga shi a cikin *Furen Watanni*, 2018 - yanzu) 

### Harba Daya

* *Zakuro* (an buga shi a cikin *Cutie Comic*, 2000) 
* *Hōsekibako no Ningyo* (an buga shi a cikin *Ruhohin Yawaraka*, 2013) 
* *Ƙarƙashin ƙasa* (an buga shi a cikin *Furen Zōkan*, 2014) 

## Kyaututuka

## Nassoshi

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
Kesewa Aboah

**Kesewa Arbell Lavinia Aboah,** (An haife ta  a watan Mayu 1994) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma 'yar Burtaniya ce.

## Rayuwar da iyali
Aboah an haife ta ah landan , kasar ingila, ita Charles Aboah, Yar asalin kasar  gana ce tayi kware gurin kwalliya a kamfanin noma lauya Mai aiki, tare da Camilla Lowther, a kasar British ta kasan ce Mai illmi fasaha da kimiya masaniyar kwalliya ce Kuma kwararriyar mace awanan fanin na mata,sanan kakarta Yar amurka ce dake ban garen kaldonia Wanda aka fi sanin ta da Lavinia (née Joyce).sun kasance ita da iyalan ta talakawa ne Yan kungiyar British labarin Wanda ake masu lakani da  British nobility,  Earl of Lonsdale. Aboah's ta  kasance kwararriyar da gada agun kakarta sunan ta Anthony Lowther, Viscount Lowther, ta koyane agun mahaifin ta Lancelot Lowther, 6th Earl of Lonsdale. Ta kasance mai tallatar wa ayyukan yau da kullum, . aboah ta zauna tare da Yan uwan mahaifin ta sun kasance Yan siyasar kasar gana ne, William Kwasi Aboah

Aboah ya yi karatu a Millfield, makarantar kwana a Somerset, kuma daga baya ya sami digiri na fasaha daga Makarantar Kayayyakin  ) a Birnin New York.  

## Sana'a

### Yin samfuri
Aboah an sanya hannu tare da VIVA Model Management da DNA Model.  Ta yi aikin ƙirar ƙira ta farko lokacin tana ɗan shekara shida, yin ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar Jigsaw.  Ta yi samfuri a cikin tallan tallace-tallace don Alexander McQueen da Miu Miu .  A cikin 2010 Aboah da 'yar uwarta an nuna su a cikin wani tallan tallace-tallace na H&amp;amp;M . 

A cikin 2017 ta yi tafiya a titin jirgin sama don nunin salon salon AW17 na Coach New York .  A cikin Satumba 2018, Aboah, tare da 'yar uwarta, Adwoa, da dan uwanta, Alewya Demmisse, Mario Sorrenti ne ya dauki hotonsa a matsayin fuskokin yakin AW18 na MANGO *TARE* .   An nuna ta a cikin *Vogue*, *Mujallar Telegraph*, *Ƙauna*,  da *iD* kuma an tsara ta don Marc Jacobs, Michael Kors, da Burberry .     An dauki hotonta tare da Kate Moss don *Love 18* mujallar *soyayya* . 

A cikin Nuwamba 2018, Aboah an nuna shi a cikin ASAP Rocky 's bidiyon kiɗa don waƙar " Sundress ". 

A watan Fabrairun 2019, ta yi tafiya a titin jirgin sama don nuna salon salon Simone Rocha 's Fall 2019.  A watan Satumba na 2019, Aboah shine fuskar Links na kamfen ɗin *ɓatanci* na London. 

### Art
Pierre Lagrange, wanda ya riga ya saba da dangin Aboah, an gabatar da shi ga zane-zane na Aboah ta hanyar sadarwar zamantakewa. Ya umurce ta da ta ƙirƙira zanen aiki don H. Huntsman &amp;amp; Sons . Ta gama aikinta, mai suna *The Joy in Dancing With My Sisters*, sannan an halicce ta a cikin ƙirar jaket ɗin bespoke don alamar. An ba ta izini don ƙirƙirar yanki na biyu don taga nunin Huntsman, wanda ta yi wa lakabi da *Duk Mata da Ni* . 

Aboah ya kammala zama na mai zane a Ísafjörður, Iceland kafin ya fara wani zama a Mexico. 

## Manazarta
Florence Koehler ne adam wata

**Florence Koehler** (1861 - 1944) yar sana'a ce Ba'amurkiya ce,mai zane da kayan ado .Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin mashahuran ƙwararrun masu sana'a na fasaha dawaɗanda suka bunƙasa a ƙarshen 19th da farkon ƙarni na 20th. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Florence Cary a ranar 8 ga Nuwamban shekarar 1861 a Jackson, Michigan zuwa Harriet ( *née* Banker) da Benjamin F. Cary.Ta girma a Missouri kuma ta koma Kansas City a 1881.Ta auri Frederick Koehler kuma ta kasance Shugaban Sashen Ceramics a Makarantar Fasaha ta Kansas City ta 1893.  Sun koma Chicago inda ta baje kolin kayan aikinta a Baje kolin Columbian na Duniya.A takaice ta gudanar da kasuwancin adon cikin gida daga Filin Marshall and Company Building tare da kawarta Mrs.EW Sheridan.

Koehler ta kasance memba na kungiyar Chicago Arts and Crafts Society  kuma ta koyar da kayan ado da karafina.  Ta kuma koyar da zanen china ga mata daga Atlan Ceramic Art Club a cikin shekarun 1890s kuma an ba ta lambar yabo da juya kyaututtukan fasaha na kulob din "zuwa wani ma'auni na kyau,inganci, da asali."   Ta yi tafiya zuwa Landan a cikin Maris 1898,inda ta yi karatun enamelwork da kayan ado tare da Alexander Fisher.  Bayan haka, aikinta ta yi magana game da zane-zane na tarihi, musamman na zamanin Renaissance. 

Koehler ta rabu da mijinta wani lokaci bayan 1900.Ita ce abokiyar tafiya ta Emily Crane Chadbourne kuma ma'auratan sun zauna a Landan inda Koehler ta riƙe ɗakin studio a Kensington.A can ta saba da Alice Stopford Green,Arthur Bowen Davies,Augustus John,Lady Ottoline Morrell,Henry James,da Roger Quilter.  Tun daga 1912,ta koma Paris kuma ta zauna a Place des Vosges inda ta yi abota da Henri Matisse . Koehler ta sadu da majibincin zane-zane Mary Elizabeth Sharpe a cikin 1920. 

Ta koma Roma a cikin 1930s.A watan Janairun 1944,lafiyarta ta gaza kuma aka kai ta asibiti inda aka gano tana da ciwon daji. Ta mutu a Roma a ranar 4 ga Mayu, 1944.  Koehler ta bar kayanta zuwa Sharpe, wanda ta shirya nunin aikinta a cikin 1948.An ba da gudummawar tarin kayan adonta da zane-zane ga Makarantar Zane ta Rhode Island da Gidan Tarihi na Everson,bi da bi.  Tarin takardunta da wasiƙun nata na ƙarƙashin ɗakin karatu na Arthur da Elizabeth Schlesinger akan Tarihin Mata a Amurka a Harvard. 

## Ayyuka
Koehler ta fara aikin tukwane kuma ta fara yin kayan ado da gaske bayan tafiyarta zuwa Landan.Baya ga kayan adonta,ta kuma samar da zane-zane da dama.Don kayan adonta, Koehler ta keɓanta ƙirarta da zaɓin duwatsu masu daraja ga abokan cinikinta,suna fifita cabochons akan duwatsu masu fuska.  "Siffofinta masu ganye da aka saita tare da rukunin duwatsu masu daraja a cikin gwal mai girman carat 18" ta sa ta yi suna a duniya.  Mawallafin zane-zane Roger Fry ya yaba wa aikinta,yana rubutawa a cikin *Mujallar Burlington* a 1910 cewa "[i] tana cikin kyakkyawan tunani da kuma ingancin waƙar cewa Mrs Kayan ado na Koehler tana nuna irin wannan muhimmin lokaci a cikin farfaɗowar fasahar zamani." 

## Bayanan kula

## Kara karantawa

* 
*
Joseph Mathunjwa

**Joseph Mathunjwa** (an haife shi 26 ga watan Mayu shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sittin da biyar 1965A.c) shine shugaban ƙungiyar ma'aikatan ma'adinai da gine-gine (AMCU). 

## Rayuwar farko da aiki
An haifi Mathunjwa a Amathikulu, arewacin KwaZulu-Natal, Afirka ta Kudu kuma aikinsa na farko ya kasance ma'aikacin Laboratory a 1986 a Rand Coal inda yake samun tsakanin R300 zuwa R400 a wata. Sha'awarsa ga kungiyoyin kwadago ya zo ne lokacin da ya ga ana korar mutane ba tare da kamfanoni sun yi kokarin ceton ayyukansu ba, Ritaya ta farko da ya yi yaki ta Kotun Ma'aikata ya kasance a BHP Billiton a 2005 kuma ya ci nasara a shari'ar da shi da AMCU suka fara.

A watan Agustan 2022, yayin wani jawabi Mathunjwa ya ce Afirka ta Kudu ta fi aiki a lokacin wariyar launin fata a karkashin fararen fata, fiye da yadda take a halin yanzu.  

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Mathunjwa Kirista ne kuma yana halartar Sojojin Ceto saboda haka yana iya buga ƙaho kuma yana iya karanta kiɗa . Mawaki ne mai kyau . 

## Nassoshi
Kungiyoyin kwadago a Nijar

**Kungiyoyin kwadago a jamhuriyar Nijar** na da ‘yancin gudanar da ayyukan kungiyar a kai a kai, tare da tanadin kariyar da kundin tsarin mulki ya tanada na kafa da shiga kungiyoyin kwadago. Duk da haka, tare da kashi 95% na yawan ma'aikata da ke gudanar da ayyukan rayuwa,  adadin membobin kungiyar kwadago ba su da yawa.

## Kungiyoyin kwadago
Kungiyar kwadago ta Nijar (USTN) ita ce cibiyar kungiyar kwadago mafi girma da ke da mambobi 60,000. A shekarar 2001 ne aka kafa kungiyar ma'aikata ta jam'iyyar Dimokaradiyyar Nijar (CDTN) a matsayin kungiyar da ta balle daga USTN. Kungiyar Kwadago ta Nijar (CNT) ita ce cibiyar kungiyar kwadago ta uku mafi girma.

## Ayyukan yajin aiki

### Rikicin Tsarin Mulki na 2009
A ranar 25 ga watan Yunin 2009, kungiyar kwadago ta CDTN ta jagoranci yajin aikin na tsawon sa’o’i 24 a fadin kasar domin nuna rashin amincewa da shirin zaben raba gardama na shugaban kasa, bayan an dage yajin aikin na baya-bayan nan ba da dadewa ba a ranar 18 ga watan Yuni. Dukkanin kungiyoyin kwadago guda bakwai sun shiga yajin aikin gama gari na farko tun bayan kafa jamhuriya ta biyar a shekarar 1999, da kuma matakin farko na hadin gwiwa da dukkanin manyan kungiyoyi bakwai suka yi. Masu shirya taron sun samar da ma'aikatan kwarangwal na ma'aikatan kungiyar don asibitoci, kayan aikin ruwa da lantarki, da filayen jirgin sama.  

## Nassoshi
Amina Sadr

**Amina Haydar al-Sadr** (    ; 1937 – 1980), Wanda akafi sani da **Bint al-Huda al-Sadr** (  ), malama ce kuma mai fafutukar siyasa a Iraqi wanda Saddam Hussein ya kashe tare da dan uwanta, Ayatullah Sayyid Mohammad Baqir al-Sadr, a shekara ta 1980. 

## Rayuwarta da aikinta
An haifi Aminah Haidar al-Sadr a shekara ta 1937  a Kazimiyah, Bagadaza inda a ƙarshe zata kafa makarantun addini da yawa ga 'yan mata. Bint al-Huda ta taka rawar gani wajen wayar da kan al'ummar musulmaikasar Iraki. Tana da shekara ashirin a lokacin da ta fara rubuta labarai a cikin *[[al-Adwaa]]*, mujallar Musulunci da malaman addini na Najaf, Iraki, suka buga a shekara ta 1959. Ta kuma shahara wajen shiga cikin tashin hankalin Safar a shekarar 1977. Bint al-Huda ta girma da tsananin son karatu. Bada jimawa ba sai ta fahimci irin wahalar da matan musulmai suke ciki da kuma manyan bala'o'i da suke cutar da akidun Musulunci a kasarta.

A shekara ta 1980 ne aka kama jagoran addinin Ayatullah Sayyid Mohammad Baqir al-Sadr da 'yar uwarsa Bint al-Huda, inda aka azabtar da su da wulakanci, daga bisani gwamnatin Saddam Hussein ta kashe shesu saboda rawar ganin da suke takawa awajen adawa da gwamnatin.  Gwamnati bataa mayar da gawarta ba, amma an ce an binne ta a Wadi Al-Salam, Najaf.

## Ayyukanta

* Kalma Da Kira - Littafin farko da aka buga a cikin shekara ta1960s
* Nasara Nagari
* Uwargida Tare Da Annabi
* Mata Biyu Da Namiji - labari game da ilimi da jagora
* Rikicin gaskiya
* Mai Neman Gaskiya - An buga shi a cikin 1979
* Memories Akan Tuddan Makka - An rubuta bayan aikin hajjinta Ito Makka a shekara ta 1973
* Taro A Asibitin
* Goggo ta bata
* Da Ni Amma Nasani
* Wasan
* Jaruman Mata Musulmai
* Muhawara ta Ciki
* The Lost Diary
* Zabar Mata
* Ƙaddara
* Tafiya ta Ruhaniya
* Mugun ciniki
* Kyauta
* Ziyara Zuwa Ga Amarya
* Muhawara ta Ciki
* Kwanakin Karshe
* Lokacin wahala
* Sabuwar Fara
* Sa'o'in Ƙarshe
* Gwagwarmayar Rikici
* Zaman zaman banza
* Rashin godiya
* Tsaya Tsaya
* Wasan Hatsari
* Littafin Diary na Dalibi Musulmi

## Duba kuma

* Nosrat Amin
* Zohreh Sefati
* Amina Bint al-Majlisi

## Nassoshi

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Tashin hankali Safar
Solange Lwashiga Furaha

**Solange Lwashiga Furaha** ta kasance'yar fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama da kuma mata ne daga Jamhuriyar Dimokaradiyyar Kongo, kuma babbar sakatariyar kungiyar mata ta kasar Kongo ta Kudu Kivu (Caucus des Femmes Congolaises du Sud-Kivu pour la Paix).

## Rayuwarta ta farko
Solange Lwashiga Furaha tayi karatu a L'Institut supérieur pédagogique de Bukavu, a kwalejin horar da malamai da ke Bukavu, inda daga nan tasamu digirin farko a fannin koyar da al'adu a Sashen Al'adun Afirka. 

## Sana'arta
Furaha ta kasance malamar makarantar sakandare sama da shekaru goma, kafin ta zama memba a kungiyar mata ta Kudancin Kivu Kongo don Zaman Lafiya ( *Caucus des Femmes Congolaises du Sud-Kivu pour la Paix)* .  Ƙungiyar ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin abokan hulɗar Jijjiga na Duniya tun daga shekara ta 2003. 

Furaha a yanzu itace babbar sakatariyar kungiyar mata ta zaman lafiya ta Kudancin Kivu Kongo.  

A matsayinta na memba mai himma a yakin duniya na dakatar da fyade da cin zarafin mata, Furaha ta halarci taron kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka na shekara ta 2013 kuma ta bukaci daukar mataki daga gwamnatin Kongo don dakatar da fyade acikin rikici.  Taci gaba da yin kira ga shugabannin Afirka dasu mai da hankali wajen magance cin zarafin mata a Kongo. 

A watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2014, Furaha ta shiga cikin *Beauty a Tsakiyar Tsakiya: Matan Kongo suna Magana*, lokacin da yakin duniya na dakatar da fyade da cin zarafi a cikin rikici yayi tafiya zuwa gabashin kasarta tare da mai daukar hoto Pete Muller da masu shirya fina-finai Jon Bougher da Kohl Threlkeld ., don yin rikodin matan dake aiki acikin tushen fafutukar.  

Furaha itace hanyar wakilta na Rien sans les femmes, atareda hadin gwiwar kungiyar masu kare hakkin Dan Adam.

Furaha tayi imanin cewa, ta hanyar tabbatar da cewa mata sun shiga cikin dukkan shawarwarin zaman lafiya, za'a tabbatar da samun zaman lafiya a DR Congo. 

## Rayuwarta ta sirri
Furaha na zaune ne a birnin Bukavu, a lardin Kivu ta kudu na Jamhuriyar Dimokaradiyyar Kwango. 

## Nassoshi
Angue Ondo

**Purificación Angue Ondo** jami'ar diflomasiyya ce daga Equatorial Guinea, kuma jakadar kasa a Amurka. Ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen inganta matsayin mata aciki da wajen iyakokin kasarta. 

## Sana'arta
Angue Ondo ta sami horo amatsayin malama kuma ta fara aiki amatsayin malama a shekara ta 1964.  A shekara ta 1968, ta bar koyarwa kuma tana aiki a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje, lokacin da aka kama ta, wanda shi ne na farko na kama da yawa acikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa, saboda dalilan da ba tada tabbas. 

A karkashin Shugaba Francisco Macías Nguema, an tsare ta a lokuta da dama, kuma daga karshe ta gudu zuwa Gabon makwabciyarta,inda tayi zaman gudun hijira daga shekarar 1973 zuwa shekara ta 1980, tana koyar da Mutanen Espanya a wata makaranta a can. 

A shekara ta 1981, an nadata a matsayin mataimakiyar Ministar Kwadago, Tsaron zamantakewa da inganta mata.  A cikin shekarun 1990, Angue Onde tayi aiki a ma'aikatar bunkasa mata ta Equatorial Guinea kafin ta zama jakada a Kamaru kuma tun shekara ta 2005 ta zama jakada a Amurka. 

## Rayuwarta ta sirri
Angue Ondo uwa ce daya tilo kuma uwar yara shida. 

## Nassoshi
Lady Macbeth (sculpture)

***Lady Macbeth*** wani mutum-,mutumi neShakespearean Lady Macbeth ta Ba'amurkiya 'yat sculptor Elisabet Ney. Hoton mace ce mai girman rai da aka yi da marmara. An kammala a 1905, *Lady Macbeth* na ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan Ney na ƙarshe kuma mai zane ta ɗauke ta a matsayin gwaninta. An ajiye shi a Washington, DC,a cikin Cibiyar Gidauniyar Luce don fasahar Amurka a Smithsonian American Art Museum, wanda ta sami yanki a cikin shekarar 1998. 

## Tarihi

Ney ta fara sassaka *Lady Macbeth* a cikin 1903, jim kadan bayan ta kammala zanen mutum-mutuminta na tunawa da Albert Sidney Johnston. Ba kamar sauran manyan ayyukan Ney na zamani ba, ba a yi wannan mutum-mutumin don mayar da martani ga kowace hukuma ko kowane mai siye ba.Ta haɓaka yanki a cikin ɗakinta a Austin,Texas, *Formosa* (yanzu Elisabet Ney Museum ), inda har yanzu ana nuna samfurin filasta. An kuma yanke wannan yanki a cikin marmara a Italiya tun daga 1903, tare da kwafi na biyu na Hotunan Ney na Sam Houston da Stephen F. Austin don ƙaddamarwa ga Tarin Zauren Statuary na ƙasa.  An kammala *Lady Macbeth* a cikin 1905, shekaru biyu kafin mutuwar Ney;ya zama babban aikinta na ƙarshe.   

## Zane da fassara

Hoton yana fassara yanayin barci a cikin Act 5, scene 1 na bala'in Shakespeare *Macbeth*.An nuno Lady Macbeth tana tafiya babu takalmi a cikin rigar bacci mai gudana, idanunta a rufe rabin,tare da hannunta na hagu ta kai a jikinta don kama hannunta na dama. Fuskarta a ɗaga ta kau da kai daga daure da hannayenta. yanayin fuskarta ta yi zafi,jikinta a murgud'e da kai da hannayenta. 

Wannan yanki ta yi fice a cikin ayyukan Ney,wanda galibinsu hotuna ne na rayayyun mutane ko masu tarihi; ta samar da wasu ƴan ayyuka a kan al'amuran ƙage. Tare da bincikenta na motsin rai, wannan aikin kuma tana wakiltar motsi zuwa romanticism da nisa daga sassaken neoclassical mafi halayyar aikin Ney gabaɗaya.  

*Lady Macbeth* an fahimci duka biyu a matsayin mai nuna hali na almara da kuma matsayin kai ;  fuskar adadi tayi kama da na mai zane, kuma Ney ta rubuta a cikin 1903 cewa wannan yanki ta kasance sakamako ne da kuma bayyana ra'ayoyinta na "rashin jin kunya" a rayuwa.  An fassara tada hankalin mutum-mutumin a matsayin nuni ga soyayyar takaici a baya a rayuwar Ney (watakila tare da Sarki Ludwig na biyu na Bavaria ),  ko kuma ta shiga cikin ɓangarorin siyasa a cikin 1860s Jamus,  haka kuma ga rashin ta da danta. 

## Nassoshi

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

*
Salamatu Ahuoiza Aliu

**Salamat Ahuoiza Aliu** ’yar Najeriya ce likitan tiyata.

## Rayuwarta ta farko da iliminta
Salamat Ahuoiza Aliu, an haife ta ne a Ilorin a shekara ta alif dari tara da tamanin miladiyya (1980) C.E, amma ’yar asalin Okene ce ta Jihar Kogi .  Tayi karatun likitanci a Jami'ar Ilorin don samun digiri na farko. Ta horar kuma ta kware a fannin aikin tiyatar jijiya a jami’ar Usmanu Danfodiyo karkashin Farfesa BB Shehu 

## Aikin likitanci
Aliu ita ce mace ta farko data fara aikin likitanci a yammacin Afirka. Ita ce kuma mace ta farko da ta samu horon ’yan asalin kasa anan Najeriya. A halin yanzu tana aiki a Asibitin Koyarwa na Jami'ar Ilorin . 

## Kyaututtuka da nasarorinta
An lura da aikinta na musamman a fannin aikin tiyatar jijiya da kwarin gwiwar mata su shiga fannin jijiya, Aliu ta kasance cikin jerin mutane dari 100 na shekarar da kungiyar Arewa socio-political group a shekara ta 2016. 

## Rayuwarta ta sirri
Aliu tana da aure da ‘ya’ya. 

## Labarai

* "Knotting na bututun ciyar da nasogastric a cikin yaron da ke fama da ciwon kai: Rahoton shari'ar da nazarin wallafe-wallafe." 

A cikin wannan littafin Aliu, tare da wasu likitoci guda bakwai, sun tattauna matsalolin da zasu iya tasowa daga sauya bututun hanci, hanya ta gama gari ga marasa lafiya waɗanda ba zasu iya ciyar da kansu ba. A cikin binciken da ya gabata game da bututun hanci, rikitarwa irin su murɗawa da kulli ana zargin su akan ƙananan bututun bututu kuma ance sunfi yawa ga marasa lafiya masu ƙananan ciki.  Duk da haka, Aliu da abokan aikinta suna ƙalubalantar matsayin cewa ƙananan ciki na cikin haɗari mafi girma don kullin bututu, dangane da matsanancin ƙarancin matsalolin da ke da alaƙa acikin yara. Maimakon haka, suna jayayya cewa abubuwa kamar tsayin bututu mai yawa, aikin tiyata na ciki, da rage sautin ciki, musamman saboda raunin kai, sune mafi dacewa da yanayin kullin bututun nasogastric.

* "Amfani da kai a matsayin mold don cranioplasty tare da methylmethacrylate." 

Aliu da abokan aikinta sun tattauna fa'idodin amfani da methacrylate a cikin rashin kashi na al'ada, wanda zai iyayin tsada da yawa ko kuma babu shi a lokacin cranioplasty . Suna kara bayyana dabarun cranioplasty da ke haifar da sakamako mai nasara yayin amfani da methacrylate.

* "Subdural actinomycoma yana nunawa a matsayin hematoma na subdural na yau da kullum." 

A cikin wannan littafin haɗin gwiwa tare da abokan aikin da aka ambata a baya, Aliu tana kawo haske mai saurin kamuwa da cuta na kwayan cuta a cikin kwakwalwa da ake kira subdural actinomycoma, wanda galibi ana kuskure ta hanyar rediyo tare da hematoma subdural ko empyema .

## Manazarta