Ba a gaban Yara ba

Ba a gaban yara ba: "Indecency," Censorship, and the Innocence of Youth littafi ne wanda ba na almara ba ne na lauya kuma mai sassaucin ra'ayi Marjorie Heins game da 'yancin magana da alaƙar da ke tsakanin tantancewa da gardamar "tunani na yara". Littafin ya gabatar da tarihin lokaci-lokaci na tantancewa daga Tsohon Girka, Tsohon Roma da Zamanin Tsakiya zuwa yanzu. Ya tattauna sanannun ayyukan da aka tantance, ciki har da *Ulysses* na James Joyce, Lady Chatterley's Lover na D. H. Lawrence da kalmomin datti guda bakwai na ɗan wasan kwaikwayo George Carlin. Heins ya tattauna tantancewa da aka yi wa matasa a Amurka ta hanyar dokoki ciki har da Dokar Kare Intanet ta Yara da Dokar Sadarwar Sadarwa.

Marubucin ya binciki tambayar ko yara da matasa suna da mummunar tasiri ta hanyar fallasawa ga kafofin watsa labarai da manya suka ɗauka ba su dace ba (ciki har da tashin hankali da batsa), yana jayayya cewa matasa ba sa fuskantar haɗari ta hanyar kayan jima'i. Heins ya tabbatar da cewa babu wata dabara mai sauƙi da gwamnati za ta iya tantance kayan daga yara ba tare da keta haƙƙin da aka tabbatar wa manya ta Kwaskwarimar Farko ga Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Amurka ba. Ta nuna cewa kodayake ra'ayi game da tasirin da ba a bayyana a fili na jima'i a kan yara ba, ana amfani da tsoron tasirinsa don tallafawa muhawara ta ɗabi'a; roƙo ga ɗabi'a bai kamata ya zama tushen tantancewa ba. *Ba a gaban Yara ba* ya kammala cewa tantancewa a karkashin kulawar kare matasa a zahiri yana da Sakamakon da ba a yi niyya ba na cutar da su.

*Ba a gaban Yara ba* ne ya sami lambar yabo ta Eli M. Oboler a shekara ta 2002 daga Ƙungiyar Laburaren Amirka a matsayin "Mafi kyawun Ayyukan da aka buga akan 'Yancin Ilimi". Booklist ya ba da shawarar shi a matsayin farawa don tattaunawa tsakanin matasa da manya. Jaridar Library ta ba da shawarar littafin don ɗakunan karatu na ilimi da na jama'a a matsayin cikakken tarihin tantancewa da ke da alaƙa da lalata. Publishers Weekly sun kira littafin wani muhimmin aiki a fannonin ilimin halayyar yara da 'yanci na jama'a. A Florida, *St. Petersburg Times* ya yaba da littafin a matsayin kallo mai ban sha'awa game da yunkurin hana matasa yin tunani game da jima'i. The American Prospect ya soki salon gabatarwar Heins, yana kiran littafin mai banƙyama.

## Tarihi

Marubuciya Marjorie Heins, lauya da ke mai da hankali kan 'yancin farar hula,  ta sami digiri na farko na Arts daga Jami'ar Cornell a shekarar 1967. Ta kammala digiri na biyu daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard, inda ta sami digiri na likita a shekarar 1978.  A lokacin da aka buga littafin, Heins ya kasance darektan Shirin Manufofin Bayyanawa na 'yanci a Kungiyar Kasa da ke adawa da Censorship.

Littattafan da ta wallafa a baya sun hada da Strictly Ghetto Property: The Story of Los Siete de la Raza (1972),  *[[Cutting the Mustard: Affirmative Action and the Nature of Excellence|Yanke Mustard: Ayyuka masu kyau da Yanayin Kyakkyawan]]* (1987)  da Jima'i, Zunubi, da Blasphemy: Jagora ga Yakin Censorship na Amurka (1993).  Bayan da aka buga Not in Front of the Children, Heins ya rubuta Priests of Our Democracy: Kotun Koli, 'Yanci na Ilimi, da Tsarkakewar Kwaminisanci  (wanda ya sami lambar yabo ta Hugh M. Hefner ta Farko) a cikin 2013

Kafin bugawa taken aikin littafin ba a gaban yara ba: "Indecency" a Tarihi, Siyasa, da Shari'a,  kuma Hill & Wang ne suka fara buga shi a shekara ta 2001. Littafin Heins na asali ya haɗa da kusan shafuka 300 na kayan, tare da ƙarin sashi na bayanin kula sama da shafuka 100.  An saki fitowar takarda daga wannan mai bugawa a shekara ta 2002,  kuma Rutgers University Press ta buga takarda da kuma e-littafi a shekara ta 2007.   Littafin littafin 2007 ya haɗa da sabon gabatarwa ga littafin da Heins ya yi. An buga fitowar Turai a cikin shekara ta 2008. Heins ya keɓe littafin ga farfesa a Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard Benjamin Kaplan

## Manazarta