Bosco Verticale

**Bosco Verticale** (Vertical Forest) wani hadaddun gine-gine ne na gidaje biyu da aka tsara ta Boeri Studio (Stefano Boeri, Gianandrea Barreca, da Giovanni La Varra) kuma suna cikin gundumar Porta Nuova ta Milan, Italiya. Suna da tsawo na mita 116 (381  da    kuma a cikin hadaddun akwai ginin ofis mai hawa 11.

Abu na musamman na gine-ginen, dukansu an kaddamar da su a cikin 2014, shine kasancewar nau'ikan shuke-shuke sama da casa'in, gami da tsayi da bishiyoyi, waɗanda aka rarraba a kan bangarorin. Wani shiri ne mai ban sha'awa na sake gina gandun daji na birni wanda ke da niyyar kara yawan halittu na nau'ikan shuke-shuke da dabbobi a babban birnin Lombard ta hanyar shuke- shuke-fuki, rage Yaduwar birane da kuma ba da gudummawa ga rage yanayin microclimate 

Bosco Verticale ya sami karbuwa a cikin al'ummar gine-gine, inda ya lashe kyaututtuka da yawa. Baya ga Kyautar Highrise ta Duniya a cikin 2014, Majalisar kan Gine-gine masu tsawo da Urban Habitat ta amince da shi a matsayin "mafi kyawun gine-gine a duniya" a cikin 2015 kuma a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin "mafi yawan gine-gine hamsin a duniya" Za a sake yin samfurin aikin Milanese a wasu birane.

## Wurin da yake
Gidan yana kan Via Federico Confalonieri da Via Gaetano de Castillia, a gefen gundumar Isola. Tun daga shekara ta 2005, yankin ya sha wahala a jerin ayyukan sabuntawa na birane da gine-gine a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin Porta Nuova .  Bosco Verticale yana cikin gundumar Porta Nuova, tarin gine-gine masu yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da wasu gine-gine mafi tsawo a Italiya: Hasumiyar UniCredit, Palazzo Lombardia, Hasumiyar Pirelli, Hasumiya ta Solaria, da sauran gine-gine da yawa.Yana da nisan kilomita 2.5 daga Piazza del Duomo, hasumiyoyin biyu sun ɗaya daga cikin mahimman bayanai na hanyar sadarwa ta Milan, suna aiki a matsayin muhimmiyar cibiyar sadarwa don jigilar dogo da hanya. Baya ga zaɓuɓɓukan sufuri daban-daban, tashoshin Metro na Milan na Isola, Gioia, Zara, Centrale FS, Garibaldi FS, da Repubblica suna ba da sabis ga Bosco Verticale. 

## Tarihi
 Conception  Gidan bishiyoyi da mutane ke zaune - Stefano BoeriBoeri ya ɗauki ra'ayin gina 

### Gine-gine
da aka rufe da bishiyoyi a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2007 yayin da yake darektan Domus. A lokacin ziyarar da ya kai birnin Dubai a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, masanin gine-ginen yana da ra'ayi na kasancewa a cikin "birni mai ma'adinai, wanda ya ƙunshi sabbin hasumiyoyi da gine-gine masu yawa, duk an rufe su da  ko yumbu ko ƙarfe, duk suna nuna Hasken rana sabili da haka suna samar da zafi a cikin iska kuma musamman a ƙasa da masu tafiya ke zaune. "Rashin kansa ga waɗannan biranen ma'adanai na ƙarfe da gilashi ya karu lokacin da masanin gine'adinai na Mutanen Espanya Alejandro Zaera ya buga bincike wanda ya nuna cewa kashi 94% na gine-ginan da aka gina bayan 2000 an rufe su cikin gilashi. Wadannan dalilai sun sa Boeri ya tsara "hasumiyoyi biyu ba a rufe su da gilashi ba, amma a cikin ganye [...] na tsire-tsire, shrubs, [...] bishiyoyi, [...] na rayuwa," suna alkawarin a lokaci guda rage yawan amfani da makamashi ta hanyar aikin allon kayan lambu. ↑ Hanyar da ake kira "marsh meadows" ta ƙunshi ci gaba da nutsewa da amfanin gona tare da ruwa mai laushi, don haka inganta farfadowar aikin gona na marshes da tafkuna. Wadannan filayen da ake ban ruwa sune halayen ƙasashen Lombardy, inda inganta yawan amfanin ƙasa ta hanyar ruwa mai kyau ya riga ya yadu. Don ƙarin bayani, duba: Alessandro Vivenza . "Marcita" (a cikin Italiyanci). Treccani An samo shi a ranar 9 ga watan Janairun 2016. A wannan bangaren, Bosco Verticale yana iya karbar bakuncin Janareto na iska a kan rufin da tsarin photovoltaic tare da bangarorin don rage amfani da makamashi. Don ƙarin bayani, duba. A cewar Boeri, littafin Italo Calvino na 1957 mai suna The Baron in the Trees ne ya yi wahayi zuwa ga ginin, inda mai gabatarwa ya yanke shawarar barin ƙasa ya zauna a cikin bishiyoyi har tsawon rayuwarsa. An kira aikin Bosco Verticale, ko kuma a cikin Turanci "Vertical Forest", saboda tare hasumiyoyin suna da itatuwa 800, shrubs 5,000 da tsire-tsire masu tsayi 1,500, waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen rage hayaki da samar da iskar oxygen. Wadannan tsaunuka masu tsawo suna taimakawa biranen da aka gina don yawa, suna ƙara ƙarin gidaje da ababen more rayuwa, yayin da suke inganta ingancin iska. Bishiyoyi da tsire-tsire sune hanya mafi inganci da tsada don shan carbon dioxide. Bishiyoyi 20,000 da tsire-tsire masu tsayi a cikin gine-ginen suna canza kusan fam 44,000 (20,000  na carbon a kowace shekara. Tare da fiye da nau'in 90, ana sa ran bambancin halittu na gine-ginen zai jawo hankalin sababbin nau'in tsuntsaye da kwari zuwa birnin. Hakanan ana amfani dashi don daidaita yanayin zafi a cikin gine-gine a cikin hunturu da rani, ta hanyar inuwa da ciki daga rana da kuma toshe iska mai tsanani. shuke-shuke kuma suna kare sararin ciki daga gurɓataccen amo da ƙura daga zirga-zirgar tituna. 

An fara gabatar da shawarar Boeri ne tare da buga wata kasida a cikin wata jaridar Italiyanci mai taken "Milan Za ta zama wurin haihuwar Hasumiyar Biological da Sustainable, " sannan kuma tare da tsara "Manifesto of the Bosco Verticale" don inganta gine-gine mai ƙarfi da ɗorewa. Hines, wani kamfani mai zaman kansa na kasa da kasa wanda ke jagorantar babban aikin sake gina birane da gine-gine a gundumar Porta Nuova ta Milan, wanda aka sani da aikin Porta Nuova. ↑ Hanyar da ake kira "marsh meadows" ta ƙunshi ci gaba da nutsewa da amfanin gona tare da ruwa mai laushi, don haka inganta farfadowar aikin gona na marshes da tafkuna. Wadannan filayen da ake ban ruwa sune halayen ƙasashen Lombardy, inda inganta yawan amfanin ƙasa ta hanyar ruwa mai kyau ya riga ya yadu. Don ƙarin bayani, duba: Alessandro Vivenza . "Marcita" (a cikin Italiyanci). Treccani An samo shi a ranar 9 ga watan Janairun 2016. Asalin, yankin da Bosco Verticale ke tsaye yanzu ya mamaye waƙoƙin jirgin ƙasa na tsohuwar Tashar Milano Porta Nuova; tare da ƙaddamar da tashar Milano Centrale ta yanzu a 1931, an rufe tsohuwar tasharwa sannan ta koma baya a 1961, ta samar da Tashar Milano Porta Garibaldi ta yanzu. Sakamakon sararin samaniya, wanda aka sani da "Varesine," ya zama ainihin rauni a cikin masana'antar birni, tare da yankin sannu a hankali ya zama mafi ware saboda "rarrabawar mallaka da rashin haɗin kai don farfado da wannan yanki na Milan. " Don ƙarin bayani, duba:  Ginin  Ginin Bosko Verticale ya fara ne a cikin kaka na 2009,  Ginin Bosca Verticale yana daukar ma'aikatan gini kusan dubu shida. Tsakanin tsakiyar 2010 da farkon 2011, ginin ya ci gaba sosai a hankali kuma hasumiyoyin sun tashi da bene biyar kawai yayin da ainihin ya tashi zuwa bene na bakwai. Ginin ya ci gaba a cikin shekara ta 2011, kuma a farkon shekara ta 2012 an kammala gine-ginen, kuma an fara gina bangon da shigar da tsire-tsire a ranar 13 ga Yuni 2012. A ranar 11 ga Afrilu 2012, an yi amfani da ɗayan gine-ginen a matsayin gidan zane-zane na wucin gadi kuma an buɗe shi ga jama'a don baje kolin zane-zane da aka shirya a lokacin Milan Fashion Week. A ranar 22 ga Afrilu, 2013, kamfanin Kudancin Tyrolean ZH, wanda aka danƙa masa da gina hasumiyoyin biyu, ya ayyana fatarar kuɗi saboda matsalar tattalin arziki da ke gudana. Bayan kimanta "yanayin ayyukan, ci gaban ayyukan gini, bayar da umarni don samar da kayan aiki, da shirye-shiryen dabaru,  kamfanin ya maye gurbin Colombo Costruzioni, wanda ya sake fara gini a watan Mayu na wannan shekarar.  Hasumiyoyi kafin dasa bishiyoyi (gefen dama na hoto) An gwada zane a cikin ramin iska don tabbatar da cewa bishiyoyi ba za su fadi daga iska ba. Kungiyar injiniyoyi ta tuntubi masu ilimin shuke-shuke da masu ilimin lambu don tabbatar da cewa tsarin zai iya ɗaukar nauyin da shuke-huke suka ɗora. An tsara balconies na ƙarfe don su kasance 28  in) kauri, suna fitowa   , kuma an sanya su tsakanin juna. Tare da zane-zanen kore, Bosco Verticale shine na farko na "Forests Vertical" na Boeri. Ya ɗauki ginin a matsayin samfurin ayyukansa na gaba. A matsayin wani ɓangare na kamfen dinsa kan gandun daji na birane, Boeri ya kuma ba da izinin wasu gine-gine su haɗa hangen nesa cikin ayyukansu. Boeri daga baya ya tsara irin wannan tsarin a Switzerland, Netherlands (Trudo Vertical Forest a Eindhoven, an kammala shi a 2021 ), da birane da yawa a China (ɗaya daga cikinsu shine Easyhome Huanggang Vertical Forest City Complex a Huanggang, an buɗe shi a 2022).   Bosco Verticale, wanda aka kammala a cikin kaka na shekara ta 2014, an kaddamar da shi kuma an gabatar da shi ga jama'a a ranar 10 ga Oktoba na wannan shekarar.[9] Duk da zargi na lokaci-lokaci, ya sami kulawa mai yawa, kamar yadda aka tabbatar da kyaututtuka da yawa da ya karɓa da kuma yawan binciken kimiyya, ayyukan karatu, da kuma shirye-shiryen da aka Keɓewa masa.[19] 
 

Bosco Verticale, wanda aka kammala a cikin kaka na shekara ta 2014, an kaddamar da shi kuma an gabatar da shi ga jama'a a ranar 10 ga Oktoba na wannan shekarar. Duk da zargi na lokaci-lokaci, ya sami kulawa mai yawa, kamar yadda aka tabbatar da kyaututtuka da yawa da ya karɓa da kuma yawan binciken kimiyya, ayyukan karatu, da kuma shirye-shiryen da aka keɓe masa.


## Manazarta