Kaduna (jiha)

**Jihar Kaduna:** Wacce ake  mata kirari da Cibiyar Ilimi, ta samu wannan sunan ne saboda, Allah ya azurta ta da makarantu na Ilimi, Kaduna jiha ce dake a Arewacin Najeriya. Babbar cibiyar birnin Jihar na da suna Kaduna, wanda ta kasance birni ta  8 mafi girma daga cikin biranen kasar Najeriya. Kamar yadda yake dangane da kiyasin shekarar 2006. An kirkiri Jihar Kaduna  shekara 7 bayan samun ƴancin kai, an kirkire ta a shekarar 1967, da sunan **Jihar Tsakiyar Arewa**, wadda kuma ta haɗa da Jihar Katsina ta yanzu, Kaduna ta samu iyakar ta ne a shekarar 1987. Kaduna Ita ce jiha ta uku mafi girman ƙasa kuma ta hada  da yawan mutane daga cikin sauran  Jihohin Najeria, sannan anama Jihar Kaduna lakabi ko kirari da Cibiyan koyon Ilimi (*Centre of Learning*,) saboda ta kasance tana da manyan makarantu na gaba da sakandare masu muhimmanci, kamar su Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello, Jami'ar Tsaro ta Najeriya da dai sauran su.

## Asalin Suna

Jihar Kaduna ta samo sunan ta Kaduna ne daga kalmar kada, jamD" sai ya koma "Kaduna". A wani kaulin kuma, an ce kalmar ta Kaduna ta samo asali ne daga yaran **Gwari,** sun kasance  **Odna** suna nufin "Kogi" kasancewar kaduna a zagaye take da tafkuna. Tambarin Jihar Kaduna dai shi ne hoton Kada.

## Tarihi

A zance mafi inganci ba a san lokacin da mutane suka fara rayuwa ba a yankin Kaduna, amma akan iya tina garin a wasu ma'aunai na tarihi da suka shude, kuma hakan ya faru ne kasancewar yawan ƙabilun da ke zaune a cikin garin, Hakika birnin ya kafu ne tun kafin zamanin Usman dan Fodiyo wato tun tale-tale can a shekarun baya, birnin Kaduna ya kasance cibiyar jamhuriyyar Arewa tun daga shekarar 1917, har zuwa shekarar 1967, tarihi ya nuna cewa an mallake kaduna ne ga masu mulkin mallaka na turawan ƙasar Birtaniya, babban kwamandan yakin mulkin mallaka Frederick Lugard ya kwace Kaduna a shekarar 1897, da shi da sauran yan koransa. Daga baya kuma suka yi hadin gwuiwa tsakanin Kudancin Najeriya da kuma arewacin Najeriya a shekarar 1914. Wasu daga cikin tsofaffin garuruwan Kaduna  sun hada da  Zariya, Kafanchan da kuma Nok, wanda wadannan garuruwan tarihi ya kasa riskan farkon garuruwan da tarihinsu tun asali. Garin Zaria shi ne tsohon gari a duk fadin yankin Kaduna, wanda ake tunanin an kafa garin ne a shekarar 1536, wanda a wannan lokacin garin baya da suna, amma daga bisani ana kiran garin  da sunan wata shahararriyar sarauniya wato Amina (Sarauniya Amina).


## Kananan Hukumomi
Jihar Kaduna  tana da matuƙar faɗin gaske, wanda faɗin ƙasar ta ya kai kimanin kilomita 46,053 km2, Kaduna ita ce jiha ta Huɗu da ta fi kowacce jiha girman ƙasa, kuma tana da ƙananan hukumomi guda 23, kowacce ƙaramar hukuma ta na da shugaba da ƙananan garuruwa, ƙananan hukomomi su ne kamar haka:

## '''SHUWAGABANNIN KANANAN HUKUMOMI NA JIHAR KADUNA'''

Karamar Hukumar Birnin gwari: (chairman) Hon. Joe Danlami

Karamar Hukumar cikon: (chairman) Hon. Musa Musa Bello 

Karamar Hukumar Giwa: (chairman) Hon. Sani Aliyu

Karamar Hukumar Igabi: Hon. Jabir khamis (chairman)

Karamar Hukumar Ikara: (chairman) Hon. Ibrahim Muazu 

Karamar HukumarJema'a: (chairman) Hon. Yusuf Galadima

Karamar Hukumar Kaciya: (chairman) Hon Zayyanu Dauda

Karamar Hukumar Kaduna ta arewa: (chairman) Hon.  Danladi Idris 

Karamar Hukumar Kaduna ta kudu: (chairman) Hon. Aliyu Idris 

Karamar Hukumar Kagarko: (chairman) Hon. Ga'anda Adamu

Karamar Hukumar Kajuru: (chairman) Hon. Al Hassan Adamu

Karamar Hukumar Kaura: (chairman) Hon. Ibrahim Cikosi

Karamar Hukumar Kubau: (chairman) Hon. Bashir zuntu

Karamar Hukumar kudan: (chairman) Hon. Lawal Tukur

Karamar Hukumar Lere: (chairman). Hon Mathew G Kaku

Karamar Hukumar Magarfi: (chairman) Hon. Musa Haruna

Karamar Hukumar Sabon Gari: (chairman) Hon. Muhammad Usman 

Karamar Hukumar Sanga: (chairman) Hon. Salisu Nuhu

Karamar Hukumar Soba: (chairman) Hon. Umar Abu

Karamar Hukumar Zangon Katar: (chairman) Hon. Mairo Dabo

Karamar Hukumar Zariya: (chairman) Hon. Aliyu Idris 

## Mulki

A jihar Kaduna, akwai masu mulki daban-daban da suka hada da sarakuna, zababbun shuwagabanni na mulkin dimukuradiya, a **jihar ta Kaduna** akwai Gwamna, Ƴan Majalisa, ƴan majalisar Dattijai, da kuma Sarakuna masu mulkin gargajiya. Shuwagabanni a bangaren dimukuradiya ana zaben su ne duk bayan shekaru Hudu, su kuma sarakunan gargajiya suna gada ne a wajen iyaye da kakanni, kuma zasu iya yin mulki iya tsawon rayuwar su, amma gwamna yana da cikakken ikon da zai iya cire/nada kowane sarki a jihar sa.
|Gwamnan Jahar Kaduna, Nasir Ahmad elrufa'i
|Sarkin Zazzau


## Dimukuradiya
A jihar Kaduna, akwai gwamna da mataimakin gwamna, kuma wadannan su ne masu cikakken mulki a cikin jihar ta Kaduna, kuma zaben su ake yi a duk bayan shekaru hudu, wanda yanzu haka Mallam Uba sani shi ne gwamnan jihar Kaduna da kuma Hadiza Sabuwa Balarabe a matsayin mataimakiyar gwamnan jihar ta Kaduna. A tsarin mulkin dimokuraɗiyya akwai ƴan majalisun jiha masu kula da dokokin jihar da kuma tsarinta, sannan akwai sanatoci uku masu kula da yanki uku na Jihar Kaduna su ne; Suleiman Abdu Kwari, Danjuma Laah da kuma Uba Sani.

## Mulkin Gargajiya

Akwai sarakuna da hakimai a kowanne karamar hukuma da kuma gunduma, amman da manyan sarakunan gargajiya su ne kamar haka; Sarkin Zazzau Shehu Idris, sarkin Birnin gwari, sarkin Nok da kuma sarkin Kafanchan, wadannan sarakunan suna da ka'idojin salan mulki ga iya mutanan su kadai, sannan gwamnan jahar yana da cikakken ikon da zai sauke su ya daura wanda yake so.

## Kabilu
Jahar Kaduna jaha ce mai tarin al’adu da ire-iren abinci daban-daban Kamar haka:
#Hausawa
#Fulani
#Gwarawa 
#Katafawa
#Birom da dai sauran

*.Ire iren abinci:
Tuwon masara da na dawa,da na gero da dan wake da dambu da fate da doya da dankalin Hausa da rogo da koko da dai sauran su.

## Addinai
Addinai biyu sune manyan addinan jahar Kaduna, wato addinin Musulunci da kuma addinin kiristanci, kasancewar addinai ne manya akwai alaka mai tsami a tsakaninsu musamman a shekara ta 2000 zuwa  shekarar 2001 an samu rikicin addini a jahar kaduna a bisa dalilin sharia'ar Musulunci da musulmai sukai kokarin assasawa amma sai aka samu rashin jituwa da kiristoci wai suna tsammanin in har shari'ar musulunci ta kafu, to suma zai shafesu shi yasa suka ki amincewa a dalilin haka rikici ya balle inda aka samu asarar rayuka da dimbin dukiya mai tarin yawa, bayan haka akasa Mutane 1000 suka rasa rayukansu. Bayan haka an kara samun rikicin addini a shekarar 2002 amma a halin yanzu akwai zamantakewa mai karfi tsakanin addinan guda biyu.

## Musulunci

File:Sultan bello mosque by Anasskoko 08.jpg|Daya cikin Masallatan Hausawa dake cikin garin Kaduna 
File:Sultan bello mosque 03.jpg|Hasumiyar masallacin Sultan Bello
File:Sultan bello mosque by Anasskoko 03.jpg|Masallacin da yamma

File: sultan bello mosque by Anasskoko 03.jpg\masallacin da yamma

## Ilimi

## Ilimin Zamani
A fagen Ilmi kaduna ce cibiyar ilimi a arewacin Najeriya kaduna ce cibiyar makarantar horar da jami'an tsaro ta kasa wato  *Nigeria Defence Academy* an kafata ne tun a shekarar 1964. Sai kuma babbar makarantar kimiyya da fasaha dake kaduna, wato *Kaduna Polytechnic* an kafa ta ne a shekarar 1968, sai kuma jami'ar Ahmadu Bello dake Zariya ita kuma ta kafu a shekarar 1962.Bayan haka akwai Jami'ar jahar Kaduna (kasu) da *Nuhu bamalli polytechnic Zaria* da college of education gidan waya da dai sauran manyan cibiyoyin ilimi.
Lallai kaduna duniya ce ta ilmi wannan dalilin ne yasa kaduna tayi fice a jahohin Nigeria ta ko'ina ana barkowa daga sassa daban-daban na Najeriya ana wajajeu n neman ilimi a jahar ta kaduna domin ita jahar kaduna ta bambanta da sauran jahohin Arewacin Najeriya.

## Jadawalin manyan makarantu

*Jami'ar Jihar Kaduna
*Kwalejin Horar da Manyan Jami'an Soja *Nigerian Defence Academy*' (NDA), Kaduna
*Jami'ar *Greenfield University* Kaduna
* Kwalejin share fagen shiga jami'a wato *National Open University of Nigeria*. Kaduna.
**Air Force Institute of Technology*, Kaduna
* Kwalejin horar da malamai *National Teachers Institute* (NTI), Kaduna
* Kwalejin unguwar-zoma *School of Midwifery Kaduna*
* *Kaduna Polytechnic* (a shekarar 1968), Kaduna
* Hukumar kula da ilimin addinin Musulunci da harshen Larabci
**Kaduna Business School*.

## Ilimin Addini
A cikin jahar kaduna ana karantar da ilimin addini matuka, cibiyar addini na bangaren Izala, shi'a, Ɗariƙar Tijjaniya da salafiyya duka suna cikin garin **jahar kaduna**

## Wasanni
Akwai dandalin Murtala Mohammed Square inda ake wasanni da kuma motsa jiki, a ciki akwai Kaduna Polo Clubda kuma Kaduna Golf Club kuma akwai sitadiyam mai suna Ahmadu Bello Stadiyam da Ranchers Bees Stadiyam

## Sadarwa

## '''Kafofin yada labarai (Talabijin)'''
* Nigerian Television Authority Kaduna (NTA)
* Kaduna State Media Corporation TV (KSTV)
* Desmims Independent Television (DITV)
* Liberty TV

## Kafofin yada labarai (Gidan Rediyo)
A.M masu nisan zango sun hada da:
* 639 MW – Kada 1 (KSMC)
* 747 MW – Nagarta Radio
* 594 MW – FRCN (Hausa), Kaduna
* 1107 MW – FRCN (English), Kaduna

F.M masu matsakaicin zango sun hada da:

* Brila FM
* Kada 2 FM, Kaduna (KSMC)
* Capital Sounds FM, Kaduna (KSMC)
* Liberty Radio (English) Kaduna
* Karama FM, Kaduna (FRCN)
* Freedom Radio FM, Kaduna
* Supreme FM, Kaduna (FRCN)
* Alheri Radio FM, Kaduna
* Invicta FM, Kaduna
* Liberty Radio (Hausa) Kaduna
* Ray Power FM Kaduna
*Vision FM

## Tattalin arziki

Kaduna cibiya ce ta masana'antun arewa, kamar masana'antar karafa, masaka,matatar man fetur ta ƙasa, ginin tukwane, Kaduna garine wanda ake kasuwanci kasancewar yawan mutane da kuma cunkosa, akwai kasuwanni dayawa a cikin garin kaduna,galibi ma kusan kowanne anguwa a cikin babban birnin kaduna tana da kasuwan ta.  

## Masana'antu
A cikin kaduna akwai babban kampanin matatan mai, me suna kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company (**KRPC**),wanda daya ne daga cikin manyan kampanonin matatan mai da'ake dasu a Najeriya 

## Kasuwanni
Jahar tana da manyan kasuwanni kaman su kusuwan kasuwar sheikh Abubakar gumi,fanteka,kasuwar chechenia, kasuwan magani,kasuwar kawo, kasuwar bacci,kasuwan tudun wadan zaria.

## Sufuri
Babbar hanyar data ratsa ta cikin gari ana kiranta **Ahmadu Bello way.** Kaduna tanada babbar kasuwa wadda aka gina tun a shekarun 1990s bayan ta fuskanci mahaukaciyar gobara. 
Acikin garin kaduna akwai hanyoyin jiragen kasa wadda ake sufuri daga kaduna zuwa wasu sassan Najeriya.

## Jiragen kasa

Akwai hanyoyin layin dogo na jiragen kasa wadanda aka gina tun a watan satumba shekarar alif 2009 mai nisan tazarar kilomita 1,435 mm (4ft 81/2) zuwa babban birnin tarayya Abuja.
File:Railway track.jpg|Titin jirgin kasa a Kaduna


## Jiragen sama

bayan haka akwai filayen jiragen sama guda biyu wato Filin Jirgin Saman Jihar kaduna da kuma filin jirgin sama na chanchangi wato Chanchangi Airlines wadda ake sufuri daga jahar zuwa jaha ko daga Nigeria zuwa kasashen ketare.

## Sufurin motoci
Jahar kaduna tana da hukumar dake kula da tafiye-tafiye a fannoni sifirin motoci, wacce ak kira da **KSTA.**
File:Night mode Transportation.jpg|Cikin garin Kaduna da daddare
File:Bus at badarawa bus stop.jpg|Motar haya a tashar NDA Badarawa .
File:Ahmadu Bello way.jpg|Babban hanyar data ratsa cikin garin Kaduna mai suna Ahmadu Bello Way.
File:Green car2.jpg|Motar kwashe shara dan tsaftace cikin garin Kaduna
.

## Wuraren bude ido

   
* Lugard Hall
* Government Monument Bridge
* General Hassan park
* Man-made kaduna
* Nok Terra Cotta
* Nok Village
* Cultural kaduna
* National museum 
* Jakaranda pottery
* kaduna souvenir

## Hotuna


File:Kaduna River in kaduna state Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Kaduna
File:Water fall in Kafancha Kaduna State.jpg|Koramar ruwa a Kafanchan
File:Matsirga Water fall Madakiya.jpg|Koramar Matsirga 
File:Kamuku National Park kaduna State Nigeria.jpg|Wajen bufe ido na Kamuku Kaduna
File:Ahmadu bello university senate.jpg|ABU Zaria
File:Ten Storey Kaduna5.jpg|Ginin ::Ten Storey'' a Ahmadu Bello
File:Flower of kaduna 02.jpg|Muhimmiyar Fulawa a Kaduna
File:Kajuru Castle.jpg|Sansanin Kajuru


## Sanannun mutane mazauna kaduna

*Mohammed Namadi Sambo
*Shehu Sani tsohon sanata
*Ahmed Mohammed Makarfi
*Uba Sani sanata
*Abubakar Gumi Malamin Addinin musulunci
*Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab.
*Tijani Babangida
*Celestine Babayaro
*Michael Eneramo
*Fiona Fullerton
*Dahiru Sadi, Dan wasan kwallo
*Adam A Zango,  jarumi a fina finan Hausa
*General Mohammed Wushishi
* sherhk Usman bauchi malamin addini
*Col Sani Bello
*Mal Muntaqa Usman Bilbis, malamin addinin musulunci 
*Hon Yusuf Hamisu Abubakar, mai rago
*Sheikh Abubakar Salihu, malamin addinin musulunci 

## Manazarta