open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Tritobia Hayes Benjamin

**Tritobia Hayes Benjamin** (22 ga Oktoba, 1944 - 21 ga Yuni, 2014) ƙwararriyar masaniyar fasahar zane ce kuma mai koyarwa a Amurka. Ta fara koyarwa a shekarar 1970 a matsayin farfesa a fannin Tarihin Fasaha a Jami'ar Howard, Kwalejin Fasaha ta Fine, ƙwararriya a fannin Tarihin Fasaha ta Baƙar fata da Fasaha ta Amurka. Benjamin ya zama Mataimakin Shugaban Sashen Fasaha ta Fine a Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Jami'ar Howard, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin Daraktan Gallery.  

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haife ta a ranar 22 ga Oktoba, 1944, a Brinkley, Arkansas, ga mahaifiyata Addie (née Murph) da mahaifina Wesley E. Hayes, Sr. Ta yi makarantar sakandare a Horace Mann High School, inda ta kammala karatunta da girmamawa. Ta ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Howard, inda ta haɗu da mijinta, Donald S. Benjamin, mai zane-zane kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin al'umma.

## Littattafai
Benjamin ya rubuta littafin *The Life and Art of Lois Mailou Jones*, wanda aka buga ta Pomegranate Artbooks,  kuma ya buga littattafai sama da 20 da kasidu na kundin nunin, ciki har da *Bayanan Mawakan Baƙar fata Goma Sha Ɗaya* da kuma *Hoton Mata a Aikin Charles White*, *Tsararru Uku na Masu Zane-zane na Mata Baƙar fata: Nazarin Faɗaɗa*, wani baje koli da ta haɗa kai da shi. 

## Lambobin yabo da girmamawa
Benjamin ta sami kyaututtuka da kyaututtuka saboda tallafin karatunta, ciki har da kyautar Mata ta Caucus for Art Lifetime Achievement Award a shekarar 2010;  kyautar National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowship-in-Residence; da kuma daga National Endowment for the Humanities, wani shiri na Kwalejin Baƙar fata ta Tarihi .  

## Manazarta
Lakecia Benjamin

**Lakecia Benjamin** fitacciyar mawakiyar jazz ce ta Amurka, funk, da kuma R&amp;amp;B saxophonist.

An haifi Benjamin kuma ya girma a birnin New York.  Ta girma a unguwar Dominican a Washington Heights, Manhattan kuma ta buga waƙoƙin merengue, salsa, da Latin . 

A matsayinta na mawaƙiya mai yawon buɗe ido, ta yi wasa tare da Missy Elliot da Alicia Keys .  Ta yi wasa a nahiyoyi huɗu, don bikin rantsar da Shugaba Barack Obama a 2009, da kuma tare da Clark Terry, Reggie Workman, Rashied Ali, David Murray Big Band, Vanessa Rubin, da James Blood Ulmer . Ta fara ƙungiyar Soul Squad don nuna waƙoƙinta. 

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Benjamin kuma ya girma a Washington Heights, wata unguwa a birnin New York. A makarantar firamare, ta yi karatun rekoda . Ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta Eleanor Roosevelt a birnin New York. Tana rubuta waƙoƙi da waƙoƙi tun tana da shekaru 13. Ta fara buga saxophone a makarantar firamare. Daga baya yayin da take makarantar sakandare ta Fiorello H. LaGuardia don Fasahar Wasanni, sai ta fara sha'awar jazz. Bayan kammala karatun sakandare ta halarci Makarantar New York City.

Tun daga farko a kiɗanta kiɗan rawa ne na Latin. Ta yi salsa da merengue. 

## Sana'a
Gary Bartz, ƙwararren mai rubuta saxophone, malami ne na farko wanda ya gabatar da ita ga horar da dabarun motsa jiki na fasaha kamar Hyacinthe Klosé's 25 Daily Etudes. Ya gabatar da ita ga waƙoƙin masu rubuta saxophone na jazz Charlie Parker, John Coltrane, da Jackie McLean . Yayin da take Jami'ar New School, ta yi karatu a ƙarƙashin Billy Harper, Reggie Workman, Buster Williams, Joe Chambers, da Gary Bartz . 

Aikin Benjamin na farko shine tare da mai busa ƙaho Clark Terry a cikin wata ƙungiyar mawaƙa da ya fara da suna Young Titans of Jazz.   Ta yi wasa tare da Anita Baker, Count Basie Orchestra, Harry Belafonte, Blitz Ambassador, Joanne Brackeen, Keyshia Cole, Duke Ellington Orchestra, Corte Ellis, Kool &amp;amp; the Gang, Macy Gray, Jimmy Heath, Vincent Herring, Bertha Hope, Ulysses Owens Jr., Charlie Persip, The Roots, Santigold, Charles Tolliver, Charenee Wade, Stevie Wonder, Gregory Porter da kuma ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Craig Robinson mai suna Nasty Delicious.

Mawakan Benjamin suna yawon shakatawa suna rera waƙa daga kundin waƙoƙinta na farko, *Retox* . Kundin ya haɗa da Krystle Warren, Amp Fiddler, Maya Azucena, Melanie Charles, ChinahBlac, da Mavis Swann Poole. Ben Kane ne ya shirya kundin tare.  

An zaɓi Benjamin a matsayin wanda zai lashe kyautar Grammy ta 2026 don Mafi Kyawun Jazz Performance saboda waƙarta ta *Noble Rise* . 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
A watan Satumba na 2021, Benjamin ya shiga hatsarin mota guda daya wanda ya haifar da raunuka da dama, ciki har da karyewar muƙamuƙi. 

## Kundin Waƙoƙi

### A matsayin shugaba

* *Retox* ( Motéma, 2012)
* *Tashi Sama* (Ropeadope, 2018)
* *Bibiya: The Coltranes* (Ropeadope, 2020)
* *Phoenix* ( Whirlwind, 2023)

### A matsayin bako

* Georgia Anne Muldrow, *Mama, Za Ka Iya Yin Fare!* (Wani Abu, 2020)

## Manazarta
Brittany Bell

**Brittany Mesa Bell**  (an haife ta a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, 1987) 'yar Amurka ce mai tallan kayan kawa, mai rawa, kuma mai kyau wacce aka naɗa ta a matsayin Miss Guam 2014 kuma ta wakilci Guam a gasar Miss Universe 2014, inda aka kore ta. An taɓa naɗa ta a matsayin Miss Arizona USA 2010 kuma ta wakilci Arizona a gasar Miss USA 2010 .

## Sana'a
An haifi Bell kuma ya girma a Barrigada, Guam, ga mahaifiyar Chamorro kuma uba ne na 'yan asalin Amurka, Indiyawan Yamma da kuma asalin Afirka . 

A shekarar 2009, an naɗa ta a matsayin Miss Arizona USA 2010, da kuma Miss Congeniality,  A matsayinta na Miss Arizona, ta ci gaba da fafatawa a gasar Miss USA 2010 amma ba ta wuce zagayen farko a gasar da aka gudanar a Las Vegas, Nevada, a ranar 16 ga Mayu, 2010 ba. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

Bell ta shafe shekaru uku a matsayin mai horar da 'yan wasan NBA, tana aiki a Phoenix Suns .  Ta kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Jihar Arizona a shekarar 2009 da digirin farko a fannin aikin jarida . 

An naɗa Bell a matsayin Miss Guam Universe a shekarar 2014 kuma ta fafata da wasu a gasar Miss Universe ta 2014.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Ta haifi 'ya'ya uku daga cikin 'ya'yan jarumi Nick Cannon 12, waɗanda aka haifa a shekarar 2017,  2020,  da kuma 2022. 

## Manazarta
Scottie Beam

**Deanii Andrea Scott** (wanda / furta / diɒni / dee-AH -nee ; an haife ta a ranar 3 ga Oktoba, 1990),  wacce aka fi sani da **Scottie Beam,** ƙwararriyar mai watsa labarai ce ta Amurka, mai tallatawa, kuma mai tallata shirye-shiryen podcast. An fi saninta da tsohuwar furodusa a Hot 97, inda ta yi aiki na tsawon shekaru goma, kuma a matsayinta na tsohuwar mai gabatarwa a *shirin State of the Culture* . A da ta kasance tare da masu gabatar da shirye-shiryen podcast na *Black Girl Podcast* da *Okay, Now Listen* .  

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Deanii Scott kuma ta girma a Bronx, New York. Mahaifiyarta, Shaila Scott, ta kasance DJ na 107.5 WBLS tsawon shekaru da dama.  

## Sana'a
Scottie Beam ta fara aikin rediyo da farko tana aiki a ƙungiyar KISS FM ta titi, sannan a Hot 97. Ta halarci Jami'ar Clark Atlanta amma ba da daɗewa ba ta daina zuwa New York don neman aikin kiɗa. 

Scottie ta yi aiki a matsayin mai shirya fina-finai na dijital don Columbia Records sannan ta koma Hot 97 don fara shirya fina-finai ga Angie Martinez sannan kuma don Ebro in the Morning . Bayan shekaru goma a Hot 97, sai ta ɗauki matsayin mai gabatar da shirye-shirye na Revolt TV 's *State of the Culture* kuma ta tafi a 2019.  

Ta yi aiki a matsayin abin koyi ga kamfanoni kamar Nike, Foot Locker, da The North Face .    Ta yi magana kan batutuwan da suka shafi mata baƙaƙe, kamar launin fata .  

A shekarar 2017, Scottie ta fara ɗaukar nauyin wani shiri na podcast tare da wasu mata huɗu (Rebecca "Bex" Francois, Sapphira Martin, Alysha Pamphile, da Gia Peppers), waɗanda dukkansu suka taɓa yin aiki a Hot 97. *Black Girl Podcast* ta mayar da hankali kan al'adun pop da batutuwan da suka shafi matasa mata a duniyar ƙwararru. 

A watan Yulin 2017, ta wallafa a shafinta na Twitter game da harin da wani mai gadi ya kai mata a Queen's Knockdown Center. 

Ta dauki nauyin shirin Netflix na musamman  na 2019. 

A watan Afrilun 2020, an sanar da cewa Scottie za ta haɗu da shirin rediyo mai suna "Okay, Now Listen" wanda ake gabatarwa a kowane mako tare da 'yar jaridar BuzzFeed Sylvia Obell mai suna "Okay, Now Listen," wanda shirin Netflix mai suna Strong Black Lead ya dauki nauyinsa. An bayyana shirin rediyo mai suna "mata bakar fata biyu suna tattaunawa kan abin da suke tattaunawa a kowane lokaci - daga yin bishara zuwa yin magana a fili game da jima'i - tare da tsarin al'adun bakar fata mai ƙarfi." An shirya shirin rediyo mai suna "Podcast" tare da haɗin gwiwar Pineapple Street Studios . Shirin ya ƙare aikin a watan Yulin 2022.

Tun daga watan Yulin 2023, Scottie za ta haɗu da shirinta na biyu na podcast tare da Sylvia Obell *, The Scottie da Sylvia Show*, wanda kamfanin samar da shirye-shirye na Issa Rae Raedio ya shirya. 

A shekarar 2024 ita da Desus Nice suka fara gabatar da wani shiri mai suna *Bet!* wanda DraftKings da HartBeat suka shirya. 

## Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai

* 2022 – Wanda aka zaɓa, Kyautar Webby don Yaƙin Al'adu da Rayuwa (don *Get You A Me* ) 

## Fim ɗin fim

### Talabijin

## Manazarta
Alexandra Bell (artist)

**Alexandra Bell** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1983) ƴar Amurka ce mai fasaha da yawa.  An fi saninta da shirinta na *Counternarratives,* manyan rubuce-rubuce na labaran *[[New York Times]]* da aka gyara don ƙalubalantar zato na "rashin gaskiya" a cikin kafofin watsa labarai.  Ta amfani da marginalia, bayanin kula, gyarawa, da gyare-gyare ga tsari da hotuna, Bell ta fallasa nuna wariyar launin fata da jinsi da aka saka a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na bugawa. 

## Rayuwa da ilimi
An haifi Bell kuma ta girma a Chicago.  Ta kuma ambaci masu zane-zane kamar Glenn Ligon, Jenny Holzer, da kuma mai zane-zanen Chile Alfredo Jaar a matsayin abin ƙarfafa gwiwa.  Bell tana da digirin farko a fannin fasaha a fannin nazarin fannoni daban-daban daga Jami'ar Chicago.  Ta kuma sami digirin digiri na biyu daga Makarantar Digiri ta Aikin Jarida ta Jami'ar Columbia a shekarar 2013. 

## Aiki da kuma karɓar girmamawa mai mahimmanci
Ayyukan Bell sun bayyana a manyan nune-nunen rukuni da na mutum ɗaya a faɗin Amurka, ciki har da shekarar 2019 Whitney Biennial, wanda ya ƙunshi sabon jerin kwafi mai taken *No Humans Involved: After Sylvia Wynter*, wanda ke duba rahoton New York Daily News game da shari'ar Central Park Five . Daga cikin sauran kyaututtuka, Bell ya sami lambar yabo ta 2018 International Center of Photography Infinity Award  a cikin rukunin da aka yi amfani da shi kuma ya kasance Open Society Soros Equality Fellow na 2018  

## Nune-nunen da shigarwa

### Solo

* Atlanta Contemporary, Atlanta, Georgia, Agusta 26 - Disamba 17, 2017 
* Kwalejin Bennington, Bennington, Vermont, 10 ga Oktoba - 15 ga Disamba, 2017  
* MoMA PS1, Long Island City, New York, 9 ga Nuwamba - 11 ga Disamba, 2017 
* Gidan Tarihi na Kwalejin Pomona, Claremont, California, Maris 2 - Mayu 13, 2018 
* Gidan Tarihi na Spencer na Fasaha Jami'ar Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, Maris 5 - Afrilu 8, 2018 
* Gidan Tarihi na Allen Memorial Art da Laburare na Kwalejin Oberlin, Oberlin, Ohio, 30 ga Oktoba - 21 ga Disamba, 2018 

### Rukuni

* *Daraja mai girma da ba za a iya musantawa ba,* TUntuɓi Hotunan Tuntuɓa, Toronto, Ontario, Kanada, Satumba 21 - Nuwamba 18, 2017 
* *Rashin Wuri Shine Wurina,* Koenig & Clinton Gallery, Brooklyn, New York, 3 ga Nuwamba, 2017 - 14 ga Janairu, 2018, 2017 
* *Riƙe Waɗannan Gaskiya,* Gidauniyar Nathan Cummings Birnin New York, 13 ga Nuwamba, 2017 - 14 ga Maris, 2018 
* *Harshe na Asali,* Gidauniyar Cue, Birnin New York, Satumba 6 - Oktoba 11, 2018 
* *Punch* (wanda Nina Chanel Abney ta shirya), Jeffrey Deitch, New York, Satumba 15 - Oktoba 27, 2018 
* *Gado na Lynching: Fuskantar Ta'addancin Kabilanci a Amurka* (wanda aka shirya tare da Gidan Tarihi na Brooklyn, Equal Justice Initiative, da Google ), Cantor Fitzgerald Gallery a Kwalejin Haverford, Haverford, Pennsylvania, 26 ga Oktoba, 2018 - 16 ga Disamba, 2018 
* *2019 Whitney Biennial* (wanda Rujeko Hockley da Jane Panetta suka tsara), Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Fasaha ta Amurka, New York, 17 ga Mayu - 22 ga Satumba, 2019 
* *Saƙo Kai Tsaye: Fasaha, Harshe, da Ƙarfi*, MCA Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, Oktoba 26, 2019 - Janairu 26, 2020 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

*
Zahara Monique Bassett

**Zahara Monique Bassett** ita ce ta kafa kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Life Is Work. Life is Work wata hukuma ce ta kula da jin dadin jama'a a Yammacin Chicago .  Haka kuma ita ce "mai fafutukar hangen nesa da aka san ta a ƙasa kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam na transgender, adalci na zamantakewa, daidaito a fannin lafiya, da daidaiton LGBT." 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Bassett ta girma a unguwar Garfield Park da ke Chicago . Tana tafiya zuwa Arewacin Chicago saboda dalilai daban-daban. A matsayinta na baƙar fata, mace mai canza jinsi, ta ji cewa unguwarsu ba ta da albarkatun da ke nuna jinsi.   Ita ce ta huɗu cikin yara shida, an kore ta daga gidanta lokacin da take da shekaru 15 saboda ta riga ta gane cewa ita ce transgender tsawon shekaru kaɗan. Wani lokacin rashin matsuguni, sau da yawa tana yin jima'i tsawon shekaru 13. 

## Sana'a
Kwarewar da ta samu wajen neman albarkatu a cikin al'ummarta ya sa ta gano Life is Work a shekarar 2015 don yi wa abokan ciniki hidima ta hanyar samar da hanyoyin kula da shari'o'i, bayar da shawarwari da kuma fafutukar kare hakkin jama'a. A shekarar 2021, ta shiga Gidauniyar AIDS ta Chicago 's Learning Centre Collaborative kuma Gwamna JB Pritzker ya naɗa ta a cikin Hukumar Kula da Lafiya da Ayyukan Dan Adam. 

## Ganewa
An shigar da Bassett cikin Zauren Shahararrun LGBT na Chicago a shekarar 2022. 

Gidauniyar Chicago for Women ta ba ta kyautar The Impact Award . 

Ta sami kyautar Román Buenrostro Legacy Award a shekarar 2023.

## Manazarta
Janet Emerson Bashen

**Janet Rita Bashen** ( née **Emerson** ; an haife ta a ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, 1957) 'yar kasuwa ce 'yar Amurka, mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci, kuma mai ƙirƙiro manhajoji. An fi sanin Bashen da yin lasisin mallakar manhajar EEO mai tushen yanar gizo, LinkLine, wacce yanzu aka sani da Nalikah, don taimakawa wajen gudanar da bincike daidai gwargwado kan damar aiki da kuma bin diddigin da'awa. Ana ɗaukar Bashen a matsayin mace 'yar Afirka ta farko da ta sami haƙƙin mallakar manhaja ta yanar gizo. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
An haifi Janet Rita Emerson a ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, 1957, a Mansfield, Ohio ga James Lucker Emerson Sr., mai tara shara, da kuma Ola Mae Emerson, ma'aikaciyar jinya. Iyalan Emerson sun ƙaura zuwa Huntsville, Alabama, inda Emerson ya tafi makarantar firamare mai zaman kanta har zuwa aji na biyar lokacin da ta shiga Makarantar Fifth Avenue, wata makaranta da a da ke da ra'ayin mazan jiya a Huntsville, Alabama .

Ta auri George Steven Bashen a shekarar 1988. Suna da 'ya'ya biyu.

## Sana'a
Bashen ya yi karatun digiri na farko a Jami'ar Alabama A&amp;amp;M a Kwalejin Tarihi ta Baƙar fata da Jami'a amma bai kammala karatunsa ba. Emerson ya yi rajista a Jami'ar Houston kuma ya kammala karatunsa da digiri a fannin Shari'a da Gwamnati. Dr. Bashen ya halarci Jami'ar Harvard . Bashen kuma ya kammala karatunsa a Makarantar Shari'a ta Tulane . Bashen ya sami digiri na uku daga Makarantar Aikin Jama'a ta Suzanne Dworak-Peck ta Jami'ar USC .

Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Houston, Bashen ta yi aiki a wani kamfanin inshora da ke kula da da'awar da ta shafi daidaiton damar aiki .    Daga baya Bashen ta sami rancen dala $5,000 daga mahaifiyarta, kuma a shekarar 1994 ta fara kamfaninta, Bashen Corporation, don bincika da'awar wariya da ma'aikata suka shigar.  

Yayin da kamfaninta ke ƙaruwa, Bashen ta fahimci buƙatar ingantattun hanyoyin adanawa da samun damar bayanai da suka shafi da'awa.   Tare da ɗan uwanta, Donnie Moore, wacce ta kammala karatun kimiyyar kwamfuta a Jami'ar Tufts, Bashen ta fara ƙirƙirar manhaja.    Wannan shine asalin manhajar Nalikah, wacce a da aka sani da LinkLine. A watan Janairun 2006, an ba Bashen lambar Patent mai lamba 6,985,922, B1, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama mace 'yar Afirka ta farko da ta sami takardar patent ta software ta yanar gizo.

### Shaidar Majalisa
A watan Mayu na shekarar 2000, Bashen ya shaida a gaban Majalisar Wakilan Amurka cewa ya kamata a keɓe binciken haƙƙin ɗan adam da kuma rashin da'a ga ma'aikata daga Dokar Ba da Rahoton Bashi Mai Kyau . 

## Manazarta
Jeffrey Epstein

**Jeffrey Edward Epstein** (Janairu 20, 1953 - Agusta 10, 2019) ya kasance ɗan ƙasar Tarayyar Amurka ne mai ba da kuɗi, ɗan cin zarafin yara da yin jima'i da su, mai fyade, kuma Mai fataucin mutane.  Ya fara aikinsa na sana'a a matsayin malami, Donald Barr ya ɗauke shi aiki ba tare da digiri ba a Makarantar Dalton. Bayan an kore shi daga makarantar a shekara ta 1976, ya shiga ɓangaren aiki banki da kudi, ya yi aiki a Bear Stearns, ya riƙe matsayi daban-daban, kafin ya fara kamfanin kansa.
## Manazarta
Andrea Barthwell

**Andrea Grubb Barthwell** (an haife ta a shekarar 1953 ko 1954)  ta yi aiki a Fadar White House a ƙarƙashin Shugaban Amurka George W. Bush a matsayin mataimakin darakta na rage buƙatu a Ofishin Manufofin Kula da Magunguna na Ƙasa .

## Ilimi
Barthwell ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Wesleyan da ke Connecticut, inda ta sami digirin farko a fannin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam a shekarar 1976.  Ta ci gaba da karatun likitanci a Jami'ar Michigan, inda ta kammala karatun digiri a shekarar 1980 tare da MD ɗinta Barthwell sannan ta koma birnin Chicago da ke kewaye inda ta halarci karatun digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Chicago da kuma cibiyar likitanci ta Jami'ar Northwestern .  

## Sana'ar ƙwararru
Bayan shiga aikin likitanci, Barthwell ta zama Shugabar Ƙungiyar Magungunan Addiction ta Illinois sannan ta zama Shugabar Ƙungiyar Magungunan Addiction ta Amurka, wani fanni na likitanci wanda ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙwarewarta. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Ƙungiyar Magungunan Addiction, ƙungiyar ƙwararru ta Oak Park, Illinois, wacce ta mayar da hankali kan kula da lafiyar jaraba. A kusa da Chicago, Barthwell ta kuma jagoranci ƙungiyoyi biyu na maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi: Gidauniyar BRASS, mai ba da sabis na maganin jaraba, da kuma shiga tsakani.  A shekarar 1997, takwarorinta na Barthwell sun sanya mata suna ɗaya daga cikin "Mafi Kyawun Likitoci a Amurka" a fannin maganin jaraba . A shekarar 2003, Barthwell ta sami kyautar Betty Ford, wadda Ƙungiyar Ilimi da Bincike kan Shan Miyagun Kwayoyi ta bayar.   

Barthwell ya kafa kuma shine darektan cibiyar maganin jaraba Two Dreams, tare da wurare a Chicago, Outer Banks, da New Orleans.

## Gwamnatin Bush
Barthwell ta yi murabus daga muƙaminta a watan Yulin 2004 don yiwuwar tsayawa takarar Sanatan Amurka daga Illinois tare da Jam'iyyar Republican . A baya, ɗan takara Jack Ryan ya fice daga takarar, inda ya bar jam'iyyar ba tare da ɗan takara ba. Masu sassaucin ra'ayi a Kwamitin Tsakiya na Jam'iyyar Republican na Illinois sun zaɓi Barthwell ya fafata da ɗan takarar Democrat Barack Obama, amma membobin kwamitin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya sun yi nasara bayan kwana biyu na rikici, wanda ya tilasta wa kwamitin zaɓar ɗan takarar da ke ci gaba da mulki Alan Keyes na Maryland .  Keyes ya sha kaye a hannun Obama a wani gagarumin rinjaye.

## Manazarta
Effie T. Brown

**Effie T. Brown** fitacciyar furodusa ce a fina-finai da talabijin   wacce aka fi sani da fina-finai kamar *Rocket Science*,  *Real Women Have Curves*,  *Everyday People*,  *Desert Blue*,  *Dear White People*,  da kuma *But I'm a Cheerleader* .  An gan ta a kakar wasa ta huɗu ta *Project Greenlight* a matsayin furodusa a shirin fim ɗin *The Leisure Class* na wannan kakar.    

## Bayani
Effie Brown ta girma a babban yankin Los Angeles. Ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Lucy's Priory da ke Glendora, California .  Ta sami digiri a fannin shirya fina-finai daga Jami'ar Loyola Marymount (LMU) da ke Los Angeles. 

Bayan kammala karatunta daga LMU, Brown ta yi sauri ta hau kan gaba a masana'antar fina-finai ta zama Daraktan Ci gaba na kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Tim Burton a shekarar 1995. Bayan 'yan shekaru, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka fara shiga shirin Project:Involve, wani shiri na zumunci wanda Independent Feature Project/Los Angeles (wanda yanzu ake kira Film Independent ) ta dauki nauyin shiryawa. Ta kammala shirin a shekarar 1999 kuma tare da fina-finai da dama da aka shirya a talabijin, Brown ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan labaran nasarorin Project:Involve. 

## Rikici tsakanin ''Greenlight da Project''
A lokacin fara shirin Project Greenlight na kakar wasa ta huɗu, Effie Brown, tare da darakta Peter Farrelly da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo Matt Damon da Ben Affleck, sun haɗu don yanke shawara kan waɗanne masu shirya fina-finai za a zaɓa don jagorantar fim ɗin. Daga cikin waɗanda aka yi la'akari da su a ƙarshe akwai ƙungiyar daraktocin wani mutum ɗan asalin Asiya, Leo Angelos, da wata farar mace, Kristen Brancaccio. Effie Brown ta nuna goyon bayanta ga wannan ƙungiyar, tana mai cewa "Ina ƙarfafa mutane su yi tunani game da ko wanene wannan daraktan, yadda za su yi wa halin Harmony, kasancewarta karuwa," in ji Brown. "[Ita] ita ce kawai baƙar fata, kasancewarta karuwa da farar fata ke shanyewa." Damon ya amsa cewa "idan kana magana game da bambancin ra'ayi, kana yin hakan ne a cikin shirya fim ɗin, ba shirya fim ɗin ba. Ya kuma nuna cewa ɗan takarar da ya fi kowanne ɗan takara a cikin daraktocin ba shi da matsala da sassan rubutun da Effie ta ga yana da matsala. "Masu sukar kalaman Damon sun ce yana "bayyana" bambancin ra'ayi ga Effie Brown [3] kuma sun zarge shi da cewa bai ji daɗin launin fata ba.

### Fim ɗin da aka zaɓa

* *Desert Blue* (1998), mai shirya layi
* *Amma Ni Mai Kyau Ne* (1999), mai shirya layi
* *Abubuwan da Za Ku Iya Faɗawa Ta Hanyar Kallonta* (2000), mai shirya layi
* *Stranger Inside* (2001), furodusa
* *Matan Gaskiya Suna da Lanƙwasa* (2002), furodusa
* *A cikin Cut* (2003), babban mai shiryawa
* *Daily People* (2004), furodusa
* *Kimiyyar Rocket* (2007), mai shiryawa
* *Jama'ar Fari* (2014), mai shiryawa
* *The Inspection* (2022), mai shiryawa

## Lambobin yabo da karramawa

* Kyautar Shahararrun Tsoffin Matasa, Jami'ar Loyola Marymount
* Kyautar Mai Shiryawa ta Motorola, Kyautar Ruhu Mai Zaman Kanta ta Fim

## Manazarta
Gayleatha B. Brown

**Gayleatha Beatrice Brown** (20 ga Yuni, 1947 &#x2013; 19 ga Afrilu, 2013) jami'ar hidimar ƙasashen waje ce ta Amurka kuma jakadiya . Ta yi aiki a mukamai daban-daban na diflomasiyya a lokacin aikinta a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, ciki har da jakadar Amurka a Benin .  

## Ilimi
Brown ta yi karatu a Makarantar Firamare ta Red Jacket, Makarantar Firamare ta Matewan da Sakandare a Gundumar Mingo, West Virginia . Ta kasance shugabar aji ta farko kuma ta kammala karatunta daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Edison da ke Edison, New Jersey .  Tana da digirin girmamawa na BA da MA daga Jami'ar Howard . Ta yi karatun digiri na biyu a fannin hulda da kasashen duniya a Makarantar Nazarin Kasa da Kasa ta Ci Gaba (SAIS) a Jami'ar Johns Hopkins .

## Sana'a
Kafin ya shiga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje, Ambasada Brown ya kasance Mataimaki na Musamman ga Hukumar Raya Ƙasashen Duniya (USAID) a Afirka kuma mataimakiyar majalisa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka .

Rubuce-rubucen da Brown ya yi wa Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje sun haɗa da:

* Jakadan Benin
* Mai ba da shawara kan harkokin siyasa a ofishin jakadancin Amurka da ke Pretoria, Afirka ta Kudu
* Babban Jami'in Diflomasiyyar Amurka a Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka da kuma Mataimakin Mai Kula da Dindindin na Amurka a Majalisar Turai da ke Strasbourg, Faransa
* Shugaban Sashen Tattalin Arziki da Kasuwanci a Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka da ke Harare, Zimbabwe ; da kuma Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
* Jami'in Ofishin Jakadancin Kanada, Senegal, Guinea, da Mauritania a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje da ke Washington
* Jami'in Tattalin Arziki/Wakilin Hukumar Raya Ƙasashen Duniya ta Amurka (USAID) kuma Jami'in Kuɗi da Raya Ƙasa a Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka da ke Paris da Abidjan
* Wakilin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Ƙungiyar Haɗin Kan Tattalin Arziki da Ci Gaban Ƙasa (OECD) Tattaunawa kan Tsarin Ba da Lamuni na Fitar da Kaya

Shugaba Obama ya naɗa Brown a matsayin jakada a Burkina Faso a ranar 2 ga Yuli, 2009, kuma Majalisar Dattawa ta amince da ita a ranar 4 ga Agusta. Duk da haka, ba ta taɓa ɗaukar wannan matsayin a hukumance ba. 

## Daraja

* Lady of the Golden Horseshoe (lambar girmamawa ta ilimi ta jihar West Virginia)
* Daga cikin mata na farko da suka fara zama Rotarians a Tanzaniya
* Memba na ƙungiyar tsofaffin ɗaliban makarantar sakandare ta Edison Township ta New Jersey
* Lambobin Yabo Biyu na Babban Daraja na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje
* Kyautar Girmamawa ta Ma'aikatar Jiha
* Memba mai daraja na ƙungiyar Sorority da Sandown ta Alpha Kappa Alpha (AKA) a Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu

Jakada Brown ta yi magana da Turanci, Faransanci da Swahili . Ta rubuta waƙoƙi, tana jin daɗin karatu (musamman littattafan asiri), kuma tana son rawa, wasan tennis, tai chi, da kiɗa (musamman bishara, soul, jazz, da classical). Ta kasance memba na Cocin Shiloh Baptist (Pilgrim Circle) a Washington, DC kuma tana da alaƙa da Cocin Al'umma na Iselin, New Jersey .

## Manazarta
Joyce F. Brown

**Joyce Frances Brown**  ita ce shugabar Cibiyar Fasaha ta Zamani ta 6 a Jami'ar Jihar New York, mukamin da ta ke aiki tun daga shekarar 1998.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Brown a birnin New York, kuma ya yi karatunsa a makarantun coci. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

Brown ta sami digirin farko na Fasaha daga Kwalejin Marymount da ke Tarrytown, New York, a shekarar 1968, sannan ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin ba da shawara kan ilimin halayyar ɗan adam a shekarar 1971 da kuma digirin digirgir na Falsafa a shekarar 1980 daga Jami'ar New York .  Takardar digirin digirgir ɗinta ta kasance a fannin ba da shawara kan makarantu, mai taken ''Motsi na zamantakewa a matsayin aikin halartar kwaleji da sauran halaye masu alaƙa da nasara'' (1980). 

== Sana'a ==
Brown ta kasance shugabar Cibiyar Fasaha ta Zamani a [[Jami'ar Jihar New York]], kuma Shugabar Gidauniyar Ilimi ta Masana'antun Zamani, a birnin New York tun daga shekarar 1998. Ta kasance a cikin allunan kamfanoni da dama, ciki har da Hukumar Gudanarwa ta Neuberger Berman, da kuma Paxar Corporation,  kuma tana cikin allunan gudanarwa na USEC, Inc. da kuma Polo Ralph Lauren Corporation. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

Brown ta kasance Farfesa a fannin Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam a Makarantar Digiri na Biyu da Cibiyar Jami'a ta Jami'ar City ta New York daga 1994 zuwa 1998. Yanzu ita ce Farfesa Emerita. 

A lokacin mulkin David Dinkins a matsayin Magajin Garin Birnin New York, Brown ya kasance mataimakin magajin gari na harkokin jama'a da al'umma (1993–94). &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

An nada Brown a matsayin Shugaban Harkokin Birane a Kwalejin Bernard Baruch ta Jami'ar City ta New York (CUNY) a shekarar 1983 kuma ya riƙe wannan muƙamin har zuwa shekarar 1987.  Ta jagoranci taron birane na manyan magadan gari a lokacin da take kan mulki kuma an naɗa ta a matsayin shugabar riƙo ta kwalejin a 1990 (Brotherton, Phaedra, "FIT to be President" Black Enterprise, Yuli 1999).

== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
Tana da aure da Carl McCall, wanda ya kasance Kwanturolan Jihar New York daga 1993 zuwa 2002 kuma ya tsaya takarar Gwamnan New York a matsayin ɗan takarar Democrat a 2002 . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

## Manazarta
The Fisherman and the Little Fish

**Mai Kamun Kifi da Ƙaramin Kifi** yana ɗaya daga cikin tatsuniyoyi na Aesop . An saka shi lamba 18 a cikin Perry Index .  Babrius ya rubuta shi da Girkanci da Avianus a Latin . Labarin ya shafi ƙaramin soyayyen da mai kamun kifi (ko "mai kamun kifi") ya kama wanda ke neman ransa saboda girmansa kuma yana nuna cewa jira har sai ya yi girma zai sa ya zama abinci mai daɗi. Mai kamun kifi ya ƙi, yana mai ba da dalilinsa cewa kowane ƙaramin adadin yana taimakawa kuma wauta ne a bar wata fa'ida ta yanzu don samun riba mara tabbas a nan gaba. An ƙara ba wa tatsuniyoyi ƙarin kuɗi a cikin Tatsuniyoyi na La Fontaine (V. 3). 

Shahararriyar tatsuniya a Ingila ta sha gaban irin wannan labari mai suna " The Hawk and the Nightingale ", wanda ya sami fa'idar ƙarfafawa daga karin maganar "Tsuntsu a hannu ya cancanci biyu a daji". La Fontaine ba shi da irin wannan karin magana a Faransanci wanda zai jawo hankali kuma ya ƙare ne da tunanin cewa mallakar ɗaya ya fi alkawurra biyu kyau ( *Un 'tiens' vaut mieux que deux 'tu l'auras*' ). Duk da haka, mai fassara na Turanci Charles Denis ya daidaita layin zuwa ga yanayin kuma ya sanya shi a matsayin "Kifin da ke cikin kasko ya cancanci biyu a cikin tafkin",  yayin da a cikin baitinsa na sake ba da labari a ƙarni na gaba, Guy Wetmore Carryel ya kammala da cewa "kifin kifi a kan faranti/ Ya doke da yawa a cikin akwatin kifaye". 

## Fassarorin fasaha
Zane-zanen Turanci a cikin littattafai kusan koyaushe suna nuna wani mai kamun kifi yana zaune a bakin kogi yana kallon kifin. Ana samun jigon iri ɗaya akan tayal da china daga ƙarni na 18 da 19 a Ingila  da Faransa .  Tatsuniyar kuma tana cikin ƙananan zane-zanen da aka ba da umarni daga mai zane-zanen kotun Punjabi Imam Baksh Lahori a 1837 wanda wani mai sha'awar Faransa ya yi amma bai nuna ainihin ma'anar magani ba. 

Mawakan Faransa sun rubuta rubutun littafin La Fontaine mai suna Le petit poisson et le pêcheur . Sun haɗa da René Falquet (1934–); Dominique Preschez (1954–), wanda Trois tatsuniyoyi en une suka rubuta don ƙananan ƙungiyar makaɗa da soprano (1995) ya haɗa da shi a matsayin na uku na saitin; da Alexandros Markeas (1965–) wanda La Fontaine des malchanceux ya rubuta don mai ba da labari, ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta yara da ƙungiyar makaɗa (2005/6).

## Manazarta
Manuelita Brown

**Manuelita Brown** ƙwararriyar mai sassaka 'yar Amurka ce daga San Diego, California .

## Tarihin Rayuwa

### Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Brown ya fara ne a shekarar 1961, har zuwa shekarun 1990; Fine Art - Sculpture tare da Bruno Lucchesi, Scottsdale Artists, Nigel Konstam, Verrocchio Art Centre, Casole d'Elsa, Tuscany, Italiya, ya yi karatu kuma ya yi aikin horo a Fire Arts Foundry, Layne Campbell, shi ma ya sami digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi daga Jami'ar Jihar Oregon a shekarar 1962, takardar shaidar koyarwa a fannin lissafi na matakin sakandare a shekarar 1966, da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam daga Jami'ar California, San Diego a shekarar 1976.

### Sana'a
Ta sassaka a cikin ɗakinta, ta ƙirƙiri hotuna da yawa na fitattun 'yan Afirka Amurkawa, da kuma sassaka masu launuka iri-iri na al'adu daban-daban a cikin zane-zane na zahiri, na zahiri da ƙira don manyan tagulla waɗanda ita da kanta ke aiki ta hanyar yumbu a kan kayan ado zuwa tsarin kakin zuma da aka rasa. Ta yi ritaya daga koyarwa a shekara ta 2000 don neman sassaka cikakken lokaci, kamar yadda aka lura a cikin wallafe-wallafe da yawa kamar yadda aka ambata. A cikin 2018, an nuna ayyukan Brown a "Legacy in Black" a Cibiyar Tarihi ta San Diego da ke Balboa Park. An ba da shawarar sunan Brown a matsayin mai zane don mutum-mutumin Shirley Chisholm, mace baƙar fata ta farko da aka zaɓa zuwa Majalisar Wakilai.

## Ayyuka masu shahara

* 1993: An haifi Thurgood Marshall a Kwalejin Thurgood Marshall, Jami'ar California, San Diego
* 1995: An yi wa Matthew Henson ado da kayan tarihi, Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na James E. Lewis, Baltimore, MD
* 1997: Almas del Mar, Westfield UTC 
* 2006: An yi wa Dr. Howard H. Carey kisan gilla, Unguwa House, San Diego, CA
* 2008: *Encinitas Child*, Encinitas, CA
* 2008: *Triton*, Jami'ar California, San Diego 
* 2015: Mutum-mutumin Sojourner Truth, Kwalejin Thurgood Marshall, Jami'ar California, San Diego 

## Kyaututtuka

* 2000: Gasar Zakarun Gasar, Gasar Sojourner Truth Memorial, Florence, Massachusetts
* 2002: Mace Mai Kyau, Mai Kyau
* 2015: Kyautar Kauye - Afram Global Organization Inc, #villageprojects.net

## Manazarta
Rae Linda Brown

**Rae Linda Brown** (Oktoba 7, 1953 - Agusta 20, 2017) ƙwararren mawaƙin kiɗa ne na Amurka wanda ya yi bincike kan kiɗan gargajiya na Amurka, musamman na Baƙar fata 'Yan Amurka. Brown ya rubuta littattafai masu tarihi kan Florence Price da William Grant Still .

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haifi Rae Linda Brown a ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 1953, kuma ta girma a Hartford Connecticut kuma ta sami digiri a Jami'ar Connecticut da Jami'ar Yale . Wasu daga cikin ayyukan Brown na digiri a Yale sun tsara waƙoƙi da maki a cikin tarin tunawa da James Weldon Johnson a ɗakin karatu na Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript kuma sun ƙunshi Juzu'i na 23 na Garland Critical Studies on Black Life and Al'adu.

Rubutun digiri na Brown na 1987 ya mayar da hankali kan mawaƙiya Florence Price.  A cikin shekarun 1980, 1990 da 2000, Brown ya sake gano, ya gyara, kuma ya buga nazarin musabbabi na kiɗan Florence Price . Ayyukan Brown a wannan fanni sun zama ginshiƙi don faffadan fahimtar rawar da Price ke takawa a cikin da kuma gudummawar da yake bayarwa ga kiɗan Amurka.      Wannan karramawa ta taimaka wajen gano maki da ba a san su ba a baya waɗanda yanzu haka ake ajiye su a Jami'ar Arkansas .  

Brown farfesa ce a Jami'ar Michigan da Jami'ar California, Irvine. A lokacin da take Irvine, Brown ta yi aiki a matsayin Robert da Marjorie Rawlins Shugabar Sashen Kiɗa,  ta kula da kammala sabon gini ga sashen, haɓaka sabbin shirye-shiryen ilimi a fannin jazz, da kuma ƙirƙirar shirin digiri na uku a fannin Haɗaɗɗen Tsarin Zane, Ingantawa, da Fasaha.  Daga 2008 zuwa 2015 Brown ya kasance Mataimakiyar Shugabar Ilimi ta Digiri na Biyu a Jami'ar Loyola Marymount;  daga 2016 har zuwa rasuwarta Brown shine Provost kuma Babban Mataimakiyar Shugaba kan Harkokin Ilimi a Jami'ar Pacific Lutheran.  A shekarar 2017 Brown ya sami lambar yabo ta Willis C. Patterson ta farko a fannin Waƙar Fasaha ta Baƙar fata. 

A matsayinsa na farfesa kuma mai gudanarwa, Brown ya jagoranci ƙirƙirar sabbin shirye-shiryen ilimi a Jami'ar California, Irvine, Jami'ar Loyola Marymount, da Jami'ar Pacific Lutheran .

## Manazarta
Burstsort

Burstsort wasu nau'ikansa algorithms ne masu inganci wajen rarraba igiyoyi. Su nau'ikan nau'ikan radix ne amma sun fi sauri ga manyan saitin bayanai na igiyoyi na gama gari, waɗanda aka fara bugawa a shekarar 2003, tare da wasu sigar ingantawa da aka buga a shekarun baya..

Algorithms na Burstsort suna ne wanda ake  amfani da gwaji don adana prefixes na igiyoyi, tare da jerin abubuwan nuni masu girma a matsayin nodes na ƙarshe waɗanda ke ɗauke da ƙarin bayani (wanda aka fi sani da bokiti). Wasu bambance-bambancen suna kwafi wutsiyoyin kirtani cikin bokiti. Yayin da bokitin suka girma fiye da ƙayyadadden iyaka, bokitin suna "fashewa" cikin gwaje-gwaje, suna ba wa nau'in suna. Wani sabon nau'in yana amfani da ma'aunin bokiti tare da ƙananan bokiti don rage amfani da ƙwaƙwalwa. Yawancin aiwatarwa suna wakilta zuwa multikey quicksort, wani tsawo na radix quicksort mai hanyoyi uku, don tsara abubuwan da ke cikin bokitin. Ta hanyar raba shigarwar zuwa bokiti tare da prefix na gama gari, ana iya yin rarrabawa ta hanyar da ta dace da cache.

An gabatar da Burstsort a matsayin nau'in da yayi kama da nau'in MSD radix, amma ya fi sauri saboda sanin cewa ana adana cache da radix masu alaƙa kusa da juna saboda takamaiman tsarin gwaji. Yana amfani da takamaiman kirtani waɗanda galibi ake samu a zahiri. Kuma kodayake a bayyane yake iri ɗaya ne da nau'in radix, tare da sarkakiyar lokaci na O(own) (w - tsawon kalma da n - adadin kirtani da za a ware), amma saboda ingantaccen rarrabawar ƙwaƙwalwa, yakan ninka sauri akan manyan saitin kirtani. An yi masa lakabi da "mafi sauri tsarin da aka sani don tsara manyan kirtani.".

## Bayanan da aka ambata

* Wani fashewa (C-burstsort), da sauri fiye da fashewa: Sinha, Ranjan; Zobel, Justin; Ring, David (Janairu 2006). "Sarraba Kayan Cache-Efficient ta amfani da Kwafi" (PDF). Jaridar Experimental Algorithmics . 11 (1.2): 1.2. CiteSeerX 10.1.85.3498. [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 10.1145/1187439. S2CID 3184411. An adana shi daga asali (PDF) a 2007-10-01. An samo shi a 2007-05-31."Sarraba Kayan Cache-Efficient ta amfani da Kwafi"  (PDF) . *Jaridar Experimental Algorithmics* . **11** (1.2): 1.2. CiteSeerX 10.1.85.3498. &nbsp;[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 10.1145/1187439. S2CID 3184411. &nbsp;An adana shi daga asali   (PDF)  a 2007-10-01. . An samo shi a 2007-05-31.
* Nau'in bayanan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin fashewa:  "Burst Trials: Saurin, Tsarin Bayanai mai Inganci don Maɓallan Kirtani" (PDF). ACM Transactions akan Tsarin Bayanai. 20 (2): 192–223. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.18.3499. Rubuce-rubuce na 10.1145/506309.506312. S2CID 14122377. An adana shi daga asali (PDF) a 2013-12-05. An samo shi a 2007-09-25."Burst Trials: Saurin, Tsarin Bayanai mai Inganci don Maɓallan Kirtani"  (PDF) . *ACM Transactions akan Tsarin Bayanai*. **20** (2): 192–. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.18.3499. &nbsp;Rubuce-rubuce na . S2CID 14122377. &nbsp;An adana shi daga asali   (PDF)  a 2013-12-05. . An samo shi a 2007-09-25.
*  
* 

* A burstsort aiwatarwa a Java: burstsort4j
* Judy arrays wani nau'i ne na kwafin fashewa: C aiwatarwa
Zora Kramer Brown

**Elzora Mae Kramer Brown** (Maris 20, 1949 - Maris 3, 2013) ƙwararriyar mai fafutukar wayar da kan jama'a game da cutar kansar nono ce ta Amurka. Brown ta yi aiki don inganta wayar da kan jama'a game da cutar kansar nono a cikin al'ummar Baƙar fata-Amurkawa . Ita ce mace 'yar asalin Afirka ta farko da ta yi aiki a Hukumar Ba da Shawara kan Cutar Kanjamau ta Ƙasa .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Brown Elzora Mae Brown a ranar 20 ga Maris, 1949, a Holdenville, Oklahoma .  An girma ta a Oklahoma City .  Brown ta sami digirin farko daga Jami'ar Jihar Oklahoma a 1969.  Brown ta fara aiki a matsayin sakatare a Ƙungiyar Masana'antun Magunguna sannan ta yi aiki a ofishin masu fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a a Kamfanin Motoci na Ford .  A shekarar 1976, ta fara aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar gudanarwa a Fadar White House kan shirye-shiryen mata, inda ta haɗu da Betty Ford . 

An gano Brown tana da cutar kansar mama da farko a shekarar 1981 sannan daga baya a shekarar 1997.  A matsayinta na ɗaya daga cikin mata da dama a cikin iyalinta waɗanda aka gano suna da cutar kansar mama, Brown ta kafa Kwamitin Albarkatun Ciwon Mama (BCRC) a shekarar 1989.  BCRC tana taimakawa wajen wayar da kan mata baƙaƙe game da cutar kansar mama.  Mata baƙaƙe suna da yawan mace-mace daga cutar kansar mama fiye da sauran alƙaluma. 

Brown ita ce mace 'yar asalin Amurka ta farko da aka naɗa a Hukumar Ba da Shawara kan Ciwon Daji ta Ƙasa, inda ta yi aiki daga 1991 zuwa 1998, wanda Shugaba George Bush ya fara naɗawa.   Aikin Brown a hukumar ya sa Majalisa ta samar da kuɗaɗen tantance cutar kansar nono da mahaifa ga mata masu ƙarancin kuɗi da marasa inshora . 

Brown ta yaɗa labarin rigakafin cutar kansar nono a wurare na gida da kuma a shirin The Joan Rivers Show da kuma shirin Oprah Winfrey . Ta kuma ba da shaida a wani taron Majalisar Dattawa kan cutar kansar nono game da cutar kansar nono.

Brown ya mutu a ranar 3 ga Maris, 2013, yana da shekaru 63, a Oklahoma City sakamakon matsalolin da suka shafi cutar kansar mahaifa . 

## Manazarta
Brenda Msangi

**Brenda Msangi** (an haife ta a ranar 3 ga Janairu 1980) Babbar Jami'a ce a Comprehensive Community Based Rehabilitation Tanzania (CCBRT) da ke Dar es Salaam, Tanzania . Ita kuma shugabar kiwon lafiya ce, mai fafutukar ci gaba mai dorewa, kuma 'yar kasuwa ce.  An san ta da aikinta mai yawa a fannin kiwon lafiya da kuma ƙoƙarinta na ƙarfafa al'ummomin da ke cikin mawuyacin hali a Tanzania. 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Msangi kuma ta girma a Dar es Salaam, Tanzania . Ta yi karatun firamare a Makarantar Firamare ta Oysterbay, daga baya aka zaɓe ta ta shiga Makarantar Sakandare ta 'Yan Mata ta Jangwani don Ilimin Yau da Kullum da Ci Gaba. Ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Magunguna daga Jami'ar Brighton da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin Gudanar da Kasuwanci a fannin Kiwon Lafiya daga Jami'ar Plymouth . Ita ƙwararriyar ƙwararriyar ƙwararriyar gwamnati ce daga Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Harvard .

## Sana'a
Msangi ita ce Shugabar CCBRT, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙungiyoyin kiwon lafiya a Tanzania kuma tana da ƙwarewa sama da shekaru goma sha bakwai a fannin kiwon lafiya. Msangi kuma tana aiki a matsayin Mai Ba da Shawara kan Biyan Ka'idojin Lafiya na Ƙasa don SOS na Ƙasa da Ƙasa da kuma Shugabar Shirin Horarwa na Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa (CAP). An naɗa ta a matsayin Shugabar CCBRT a watan Disamba na 2018.  Ta wayar da kan jama'a game da jinkirin aiwatar da da'awar inshorar lafiya a Tanzania,  da kuma tasirin da fistula ke yi wa mata marasa ilimi.  A watan Agusta na 2019 ta yi magana game da fistula na haihuwa a TEDxOysterbay . 

Msangi shahararriyar jaruma ce mai dorewa a fannin ci gaban tattalin arziki da zamantakewa da tattalin arziki. Tana aiki a kwamitin gudanarwa na taron tattaunawa na Shugaba na Tanzania,  Sashen Shagunan Likitoci (MSD), Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Tanzania (ATE), da kuma World Vision Tanzania.  Msangi mai gabatarwa ce kuma mai jawabi a tarurruka da tarurruka daban-daban.   Jajircewarta tana kan samar da damammaki ga tsararrakin shugabanni masu zuwa, tare da samar musu da ƙwarewa da ilimin da ake buƙata don kawo canji. 

## Shirye-shirye
Ita ce ta kafa Dear Girl Child BMK, wani dandali na bayar da shawarwari ta yanar gizo wanda ke taimaka wa shugabannin matasa na yanzu da na gaba, yana ƙarfafa 'yan mata da maza matasa su gina juriya da tunani mai kyau.  Ta kuma ƙaddamar da shirye-shirye don taimaka wa nakasassu 'yan Tanzaniya samun ayyukan yi. 

## Kyaututtuka
Msangi ta sami lambobin yabo da dama saboda jagoranci da kuma ayyukanta na kare hakkin jama'a, ciki har da

# Mata Mafi Kwarin Gwiwa a Shugaban Kamfanoni a Afirka 
# Babban Shugaba na Musamman a Taron Tattalin Arzikin Mata na Pan-African 
# Mata Mafi Kwarin Gwiwa a Kamfanoni a Tanzania By Consumer Choice Awards Africa 

## Manazarta
Aneth David

Aneth Bella David (wadda aka fi sani da Mwakilili ; an haife ta a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba 1990) ƙwararriyar masaniyar fasahar halittu ce ta ƙasar Tanzaniya kuma masaniyar kimiyyar halittu . Ta mayar da hankali kan amfani da kayan aikin fasahar halittu don ci gaban noma mai ɗorewa. Ta haɗu da kafa Ƙungiyar Halittar Dan Adam ta Tanzaniya (THGO), Ƙungiyar Kimiyyar Buɗaɗɗiya ta Tanzaniya da Afirka da kuma Ƙungiyar Fasahar Halittu ta Tanzaniya (BST). Tana kuma fafutukar kare matasa da mata a fannonin STEM .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi David a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba, 1990. Ta yi makarantar firamare da sakandare a Moshi .  Ta yi karatun digiri na farko da na biyu a fannin fasahar kere-kere a Jami'ar Dar es Salaam (UDSM). Sashen Kare Shuke-shuke ya ba ta digiri na uku a fannin ilmin halittu a Jami'ar Kimiyyar Noma ta Sweden (SLU) da ke Uppsala, Sweden. 

David ya kafa ƙungiyar kula da kwayoyin halittar ɗan adam ta Tanzania (THGO),   ƙungiyar kimiyya ta buɗe ta Tanzania da Afirka da kuma ƙungiyar fasahar kere-kere ta Tanzania (BST).  Tana cikin kwamitin ba da shawara na taron buɗaɗɗen dandalin fasahar kere-kere ta noma (OFAB). 

A matsayinta na Jakadiya a Taron Einstein na Gaba, David ta tara kuɗi don samar da littattafan kimiyya ga makarantun Tanzaniya kuma ta gana da Mataimakin Minista na Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Jin Daɗin Jama'a (Tanzania) don tattauna gudummawar da fasahar kere-kere za ta iya bayarwa ga fannin lafiya.  Ta bayar da gudummawa ga kiraye-kirayen da ake yi na sauye-sauye a manufofi game da buƙatun mutanen da ke fama da cututtuka masu wuya . 

A halin yanzu David malami ne a UDSM,  shine shugaban ƙasa na Mata a Fasaha ta Afirka (WiTA) kuma abokiyar haɓaka Kimiyya da Bugawa a Ilimin Halittu (ASAPbio).  

A shekarar 2024, an ba David kyautar BioInnovate Africa Women in Science Fellowship kuma ana ba shi masauki a Hukumar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Gabashin Afirka (EASTECO) da ke Kigali, Rwanda tare da Fortune Muyambi a matsayin mai ba ta shawara. Aikin zumuncin nata yana mai da hankali kan takin zamani da haɓaka tsaron abinci da noma mai ɗorewa.  Ta kuma yi bincike kan amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙasa don inganta yawan amfanin gona,  ta rubuta game da yaɗuwar cutar maleriya ga *The Chanzo,*  kuma ta ba da gudummawa ga bincike da aka buga a mujallar ilimi *Plant and Soil* . 

Dauda yana da sha'awar kiwon zuma . 

## Kyaututtuka

* Kyautar Jakadan daga Next Einstein Forum (2015)  
* Kyautar Mata a Ayyukan STEM ta Next Einstein Forum (2022) 
* An saka shi a bangon shahararriyar masana kimiyya ta Tanzaniya a wurin shakatawa na STEM da ke Tanga

## Manazarta
Agulu

**Agulu**   babban gari ne a Jihar Anambra, Najeriya . Tana cikin Karamar Hukumar Anaocha . Agulu tana ƙarƙashin Gundumar Sanata ta Tsakiya ta Anambra .  Gida ce ga Tafkin Agulu. Al'ummar Agulu suna da fitattun maza da mata a Siyasa, masana'antu, ilimi da gwamnati. Har ila yau, al'umma ta samar da Gwamna a Jihar Anambra a cikin mutumin Mista Peter Obi . An kuma san Agulu da wuraren rushewar Agulu-Nanka. Agulu ta ƙunshi ƙauyuka ashirin. Wadannan sune: Nwanchi, Nneohia, Okpu, Ama-Ezike, Odidama, Amorji, Isiamaigbo, Ukunu, Uhueme, Obeagu, Obe, Nkitaku, Okpu-Ifite, Umubialla, Amatutu, Umuowelle, Umunnowu, Ifiteani, Umuifite, da Nneogidi.

## Shahararrun mutane
Shahararrun mutane daga Agulu sun hada da:

* Peter Obi, tsohon Gwamnan Jihar Anambra 
* Shugabannin kasuwanci / siyasa kamar Yarima Ukachukwu, Dokta Afam Obidike,
* Wanda ya kafa "Fuska na Agulu," Jakadan Justin Okechukwu Kingland
* Joy Emodi, tsohon Sanata 
* Ifeanyi Eric Okoye, Shugaba na Juhel Pharmaceuticals
* Dora Akunyili, tsohon Shugaban NAFDAC 

Ofishin Yankin Kudu maso Gabas na Hukumar Kula da Abinci, Magunguna da Kulawa ta Kasa (NAFDAC). 

## Yanayi
Lokacin rigar Agulu yana da dumi, mai zalunci, kuma yana da duhu yayin da lokacin fari yake da zafi, mai laushi, kuma yana cikin girgije. Shekaru da yawa, zafin jiki yana canzawa daga 65 ° F zuwa 87 ° F.&nbsp;&nbsp;

## Manazarta
Rose Funja

**Rose Peter Funja** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1981) injiniya ce kuma mai haɓaka software ta ƙasar Tanzaniya. Ta kasance shugabar kwalejin kimiyya a Jami'ar Bagamoyo, tana ba da lacca kan fasahar sadarwa ta zamani (ICT) . 

Ta fara aiki tun daga shekarar 2014 da manhaja ɗaya mai suna ATIZAVO a Google Play. Sunan gajeriyar sigar Airtel ne, Tigo, Zantel da kuma vodacom. 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Funja a shekarar 1981 kuma ta girma a Dar es Salaam . Ta halarci Makarantar Kifungilo da Shaaban Robert da kuma Jami'ar Dar es Salaam inda ta sami digiri na farko a fannin injiniyan kwamfuta a shekarar 2005, da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin injiniya a fannin sadarwa da tsarin bayanai daga Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Huazhong a shekarar 2008.

## Sana'a
Funja ta yi aiki tare da Huawei Technologies International a matsayin babbar manajan kayayyaki a Shenzhen, China. Tana da ƙwarewa a fasahar sadarwa ta waya kuma ta fara ayyukanta a ƙasashe da yankuna daban-daban ciki har da China, Kenya, Rwanda, Madagascar, Zambia da Tanzania. Funja ta kasance mai himma a cikin Rotaract kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Ƙungiyar lokacin da take ɗaliba a Jami'ar Dar es Salaam a 2005. 

A shekarar 2012, Funja ta koma Tanzaniya ta kuma shiga jami'a ta hanyar yin lacca a Jami'ar Bagamoyo a darussan kimiyya. Ta hau matakin Dean a Kwalejin Kimiyya da Kimiyyar Muhalli 

Funja ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin ɗaliban Mandela Washington Fellow,  a Shirin Shugaba Obama Young African Leaders Initiative Program (YALI), inda ta halarci Kwas ɗin Gudanar da Jama'a daga Jami'ar Syracuse da ke New York.

Funja ta daɗe tana ɗaukar bayanai da sadarwa a matsayin mafita ga ƙalubalen da fannin noma na Tanzaniya ke fuskanta. Da wannan mayar da hankali ta kafa Kamfanin Agrinfo Limited.   Tunanin farko na Agrinfo shine ya zama injin bincike don samun bayanai game da noma a Tanzaniya,  kuma tsawon shekaru ya canza zuwa ga haɗa fasahohi kamar jiragen sama marasa matuki don noma    saboda Funja ƙwararren matukin jirgi ne na jiragen sama marasa matuki. Funja ita ce manajan Darakta na yanzu na kamfanin Agrinfo mai iyaka.

## Hulɗar al'umma da ayyuka
Funja ta haɗu da kafa kamfanoni da dama na zamani don fasaha, kirkire-kirkire da kuma ƙarfafa 'yan mata. Tana da niyyar kawo sauyi, da nufin sauya damar ilimi ga 'yan mata a makarantun sakandare, masu shekaru 13-19, ta hanyar shirye-shiryen horarwa da jagoranci da kuma matasan mata a kwalejoji da jami'o'i, masu shekaru 20-26.

Funja ta kuma jagoranci al'ummar Buni Divaz, tana wakiltar ƙungiyar 'yan mata 'yan ƙasar Tanzaniya masu ƙarfin gwiwa a ƙarƙashin laima ta TANZICT da COSTECH. 

## Kyaututtuka
Funja ta sami kyaututtuka da dama, ciki har da Malkia wa Nguvu - 2017 - Kimiyya da Fasaha. Ta lashe gasar ICT4Ag Conference Hackathon ta 2013 a yankin.  A shekarar 2016 ta sami kyautar masu kirkire-kirkire daga Ma'aikatar Sadarwa ta Tanzaniya saboda shiga cikin aikin TanzICT. 

An kuma karrama ta a cikin rukunin Mata a cikin Matasan Masu Kirkire-kirkire na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya saboda sabbin abubuwan da ta kirkira wadanda suka taimaka wa mata a fannin noma a shekarar 2014. 

## Manazarta