Sam Ukala

Listen bayyana **Sam Ukala** a matsayin 'babban gwarzon adabi'. Ya kasance marubucin wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya, mawaƙi, marubuci na gajerun labarai, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, darektan wasan kwaikwayo, mai shirya fina-finai kuma mai ilimi.  

## Rayuwar sana'a
Sam Ukala Farfesa ne na Fasaha da Wasan Kwaikwayo a Jami'ar Jihar Delta, Abraka, Najeriya. Ukala kuma Farfesa ne na Fasaha da Wasan Kwaikwayo a jami'o'i da dama na Najeriya, ciki har da Jami'ar Jihar Edo . A shekarar 1993/94, a matsayinsa na ma'aikacin ilimi na Commonwealth, ya kuma yi bincike da koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Turanci ta Jami'ar Leeds da ke Burtaniya. A matsayinsa na malami, ya gabatar da ƙa'idar 'tatsuniyoyi', wato dabi'ar gina wasannin kwaikwayo na adabi bisa ga tarihi da al'adun ƴan asalin ƙasar da kuma tsara su da kuma yin su daidai da kyawun rubutun tatsuniyoyi na Afirka da kuma wasan kwaikwayo.   Ya kasance Shugaban Sashen Jihar Delta na Ƙungiyar Marubutan Najeriya (ANA) a shekarar 2021.  

## Rubuce-rubuce
Wasannin kwaikwayo na Ukala da aka buga sun haɗa da *The Slave Wife*, *The Log in Your Eye*, *[https://www.academia.edu/3155806/_Literature_as_History_Oral_Historical_Traditions_in_Sam_Ukalas_The_Slave_Wife_in_Benji_Egede_and_Amen_Uhumwangho_eds._Eagle_in_Flight_Essays_Tributes_and_Reviews_in_Celebration_of_Sam_Ukala_at_50_Ekpoma_Nigeria_2002 Akpakaland]* (wanda ya lashe kyautar ANA/ British Council Prize for Drama ta 1989), *Break a Boil* da *Placenta of Death* .  *Yaƙin Iredi* nasa, 'rubutun jama'a', ya lashe kyautar Najeriya ta 2014 don Adabi .  Ya dogara ne akan tawayen 1906 na Masarautar Owa (wanda yanzu ɓangare ne na Jihar Delta) akan mulkin zaluncin Birtaniya . Kamar yadda yake a cikin waƙoƙin da suka gabata, yana amfani da kuma kawo sabuwar rayuwa ga adabin baka da kuma nau'ikan wasan kwaikwayo na jama'a.  "Haɗaɗɗen tarihi da almara mai gamsarwa..." Kester Echenim. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

Ukala ta kuma yi aiki da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Horse and Bamboo Theatre a shekarar 1998/9, kuma tare da Bob Frith ya rubuta wani labari na wasan kwaikwayo na gani *mai suna Harvest of Ghosts*, wanda ya zagaya Birtaniya da Netherlands. Wannan wani labari ne na gwaji ga Ukala, wanda ya dogara da rawa, kiɗa, da kuma abubuwan gani masu ƙarfi maimakon kalmomin da ake faɗa.  Farfesa Martin Banham, editan haɗin gwiwa na African Theatre: Playwrights & Politics, ya ɗauke shi a matsayin 'haɗakar ƙwarewar al'adu daban-daban', kuma misali ne mai ban sha'awa, mai sauƙin samu, na wasan kwaikwayo na siyasa. Ya ji cewa wasan kwaikwayon ya cancanci a yi shi a Afirka, kuma, a ƙarshe, Sam Ukala ya ƙirƙiri wani abu a Jami'ar Jihar Edo da ke Ekpoma .

## Ra'ayin jama'a
Ukala ya ƙirƙiro wata hanyar da ya bi wajen yin wasan kwaikwayo wadda kuma ya fara rubuce-rubucensa na wasan kwaikwayo. Ya kira wannan 'al'adar gargajiya', kuma ya ƙara bincika manufar a cikin aikinsa na ilimi. 'Al'adar gargajiya' ta samo asali ne daga imaninsa game da buƙatar yin mulkin mallaka a cikin wasan kwaikwayo, da kuma sha'awar bincika ƙa'idodin gargajiya na Afirka na kyau da daidaiton wasan kwaikwayo. A cikin gina wasanninsa, ya yi amfani da al'adar baki ta Afirka. Musamman ma ya haɓaka abubuwa daga al'adar baki ta mutanen Ika (na yankin arewa maso yammacin Jihar Delta a Najeriya). Wannan yana aiki zuwa siffofi na zamani na wasan kwaikwayo.  Lokacin da yake Leeds a 1993/4 yana bincike kan shahararrun gidajen wasan kwaikwayo na Ingilishi, wanda ya kai shi ga gano aikin Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Doki da Bamboo a Lancashire. Aikinsu ya yi nisa da na gargajiya, domin yana amfani da siffofin wasan kwaikwayo na gani na zamani, amma Ukala ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga abin da ya gani a matsayin wahayi daga al'umma. A shekarar 1995, Bob Frith, wanda ya kafa kuma daraktan Horse da Bamboo, ya ba da shawarar haɗin gwiwa; Sam ya yarda kuma wannan ya fara a watan Nuwamba 1998. 

## Lambobin yabo da girmamawa

* Kyautar Najeriya don Kimiyya da Adabi (Adabi) don *Yaƙin Iredi* .  Kyauta mafi girma ta adabi ta Afirka.
* Kyautar 2000 ta Ƙungiyar Marubuta ta Najeriya (ANA) Ginshiƙin Fasaha don *Rubutun Ƙwaƙwalwa: Tarin Labarai Masu Gajeru* . 
* 1989 ANA/Birtaniya Prize Prize for Drama for *Akpakaland* . 

## Duba kuma

* Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya

## Manazarta

* *Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Afirka: Marubutan Wasan Kwaikwayo da Siyasa* . Edita: Martin Banham, James Gibbs, Femi Osofisan. Kundin littafi na biyu a cikin jerin wasannin kwaikwayo na Afirka na shekara-shekara wanda ya mayar da hankali kan marubutan wasan kwaikwayo da siyasa a Afirka.
* *Iredi War* Publishers notes pub. kraftgriots 

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Sam Ukala, gidan yanar gizon hukuma
* https://guardian.ng/art/sam-ukala-the-folklorist-as-dramatist-70/