Muhammad Abu Zahra

**Muhammad Abu Zahra** (1898–, 974), ya kasan ce mutum ne masani a cikin Masarawa kuma masanin shari'ar Hanafiyya ne.  Ya kasan ce kuma ya mallaki muƙamai da dama; kuma ya kasance malamin koyar da shari’ar Musulunci a jami’ar Al-Azhar sannan farfesa a Jami’ar Alkahira . Ya kuma kasance memba na Cibiyar Nazarin Addinin Musulunci. Ayyukansa sun haɗa da Abu Hanifa, Malik da al-Shafi'i .  

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Abu Zahra a ranar 29 ga watan  Maris, 1898 a El-Mahalla El-Kubra, a birni na biyu mafi girma a cikin Kogin Nilu .  A cikin 1913, ya kammala makarantar sakandare kuma ya shiga Madrasa Ahmadi a Tanta . A cikin 1916, ya ci mafi girma a jarrabawar shiga makarantar shari'a a cikin Gharbia Governorate duk da cewa shekarunsa da yawa ba su da ƙwarewa fiye da takwarorinsa.  Kasancewar yana da tushe a ilimin Azharite na gargajiya, kuma bai taba yin karatu a Turai ba ko kuma a makarantun Yammacin Masar, Abu Zahra ya sha suka daga masu ra'ayin Oriental a matsayin yana da masaniya ta hanyoyin yamma. 

Kuma Ya karantar a ɓangaren ilimin tauhidin na al-Azhar sannan daga baya, a matsayin farfesa a shari’ar Musulunci a Jami’ar Alkahira .  Tsakanin 1933 da 1942, ya koyar da kwasa-kwasan kan tarihin addinai, mazhabobi da mazhabobi a Azhar, a wannan lokacin an ba da laccansa a kan addinin kwatantawa da Kiristanci, duk da cewa ba a buga na biyun ba sai 1965. 

Littattafan nasa sun hada da tarihin Abū īanīfa, Malik bn Anas, Al-Shafi'i, Ahmad bn Hanbal, Zayd bn Ali, Ali bin al-Husayn Zayn al-'Abidin, Ja'far as-Sadik, Dawud al-Zahiri, Ibn Hazm da Ibnu Taimiyyah, kamar yadda kuma suke aiki a kan matsayin mutum, baiwa ( *waqf* ), dukiya, da aikata laifi da hukunci a cikin shari’ar Musulunci. 

## Ra'ayoyi game da harkar Salafi da Tauhidin Salafi
 
Dangane da akidar Wahabiyanci, Abu Zahra ya ce: “Wahabiyawa sun yi karin gishiri [kuma sun tabbatar da matsayin Ibn Taimiyya. . . *Wahabiyawa ba su kame kansu kawai ba zuwa ga musuluntar da addini*, amma sun koma ga yin faɗa da duk wanda ya saba musu bisa hujjar cewa suna yaki da bidi'a (bid`a), kuma bidi'a mugunta ce da dole a yaki ta. . . . Duk lokacin da suka sami damar kwace wani gari ko birni sai su zo makabarta su mai da su kango da hallakarwa ... kuma suna rusa duk masallatan da ke tare da kabarin suma. . . . Zaluncinsu bai tsaya anan ba amma kuma sunzo duk inda kaburbura suke suka gani suka rusa su suma. Kuma lokacin da mai mulkin yankunan Hijaz ya yi musu kawanya sai suka rusa dukkan kaburburan Sahabbai suka yi kaca-kaca da su. . . . A zahiri, an lura cewa Malaman Wahabiyawa suna daukar ra'ayinsu dai-dai kuma ba mai yuwuwa bane, yayin da suke ganin ra'ayin wasu kuskure ne kuma bazai yuwu ba. Fiye da haka, suna la'akari da abin da wasu fiye da kansu suke yi ta hanyar kafa kaburbura da kewaye su, kusa da bautar gumaka. . . . Ta wannan fuskar suna kusa da Khawarij wadanda suka kasance suna bayyana wadanda suka saba musu tare da cewa sun yi ridda kuma suna yaƙar su kamar yadda muka ambata. ” 

## Ra'ayoyi akan Harkar Ahmadiyya
A cewar Muhammad Abu Zahra, *Ghulam Ahmad ya* kauce daga babbar aƙidah ta Musulunci saboda irin ra'ayoyin da yake da su wanda wasu Makarantun tauhidin Islama ba su da shi . Da farko dai, *Ghulam* yayi da'awar cewa ya sami kabarin Yesu wanda duk wata makarantar Islamiyya ba ta yarda da shi ba. Bugu da kari, *Ghulam Ahmad* ya yarda cewa kurwa da ikon Masihi sun shiga cikin jikinsa saboda gano kabarin Yesu. Saboda wannan dalilin, maganganunsa ba za a iya jayayya da su ba  . Bugu da ƙari, *Ahmad ya* bayyana cewa Allah  ya ba shi izini ya yi duk wani gyare-gyare da zamanintar da *Dīn ,* tunda shi *Mahadi ne .* Bugu da ƙari kuma, *Ghulam* ba ka yi izni ga Ahmadi-mata yin aure tare da sauran Musulmi -Men na ba-Ahmadi Musulmi ƙungiya-ƙungiya . Wannan a bayyane yake shigar musulman sauran mazhabobin azaman wadanda ba musulmai ba. Saboda haka, ya zama hujja cewa ana ɗaukar waɗanda ba Ahmadis ba a matsayin waɗanda ba Musulmi ba (bisa ga maganganun tauhidin da aka haɓaka) na *Mirza Ghulam Ahmad .* 

## Ayyuka
Abu Zahra ya rubuta littattafai sama da goma,  daga cikinsu: 

* *Tarikh al-Madhahib al-Islamiyya* (Tarihin Makarantun Islamiyya)
* *al-'Alaqat al-Dawliyah fi al-Islam* (Dangantaka ta Duniya a Musulunci)
* *Zahrat al-Tafasir* .
* *Al-Jarīmah wa al-‛Uqūbah fī al-Fiqh al-Islāmī* .
* *Al-Mujtama ‛al-Insānī fī Zill al-Islām* . (Humanungiyar 'Yan Adam a Inuwar Musulunci)
* *Sīrah Khātam al-Nabiyyīn* .
* *Tanzīm al-Islām lil-Mujtama ‛* .
* *Ilm Usul al-Fiqh* .

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗin waje

* Muhammad Abu Zahrah International Institute of Advanced Islamic Studies (IAIS) Malaysia
* Malami sananne: Muhammad Abu Zahrah Labaran Larabawa
* Bibliography a GoodReads