Tsaron abinci a Madagascar

Tsibirin ƙasar Madagascar na ci gaba da fama da tashe-tashen hankula na siyasa da tattalin arziƙi da talauci da rashin abinci . Yayin da ƙasar ke aiwatar da wani gagarumin shirin sauyi da aka tsara don inganta zamantakewa, tattalin arziki, da kuma alamomin shugabanci tsakanin shekarar 2002 zuwa ta 2008, rikicin siyasa na shekarar 2009 ya jefar da waɗannan ci gaban. Wannan rigimar siyasa, tare da koma bayan tattalin arzikin duniya, ya haifar da raguwar ci gaban tattalin arziki da kashi 4 cikin 100 a shekarar 2009 (Bankin Duniya a shekarar 2012).

## Dubawa
Bisa ga rahoton ci gaban bil adama na shekarar 2009 na shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya, kusan kashi biyu bisa uku na al'ummar ƙasar suna rayuwa a ƙasa da kogin talauci, kashi 30 cikin ɗari ba su iya karatu ba, kashi 47 ne kawai ke samun ruwa mai tsafta, tare da tsawon rayuwa a lokacin haihuwar shekaru 61. Madagaskar tana matsayi na 135 a cikin ƙasashe 169 a kididdigar ci gaban bil'adama . 

Kayan abinci ba su da bambance-bambance kuma baya biyan bukatun jama'a. Kashi uku na mutanen ba su da abinci. Tare da raguwar kayan abinci, rashin samun abinci, da bala'o'i, talauci shi ne babban dalilin rashin wadataccen abinci na gidaje. Talauci ya zama ruwan dare a yankunan karkara. Kusan kashi 85 cikin 100 na talakawa suna zaune ne a yankunan karkara kuma kashi 60 daga cikinsu ana ɗaukar su a matsayin matalauta. Tare da ƙaruwar yawan jama'a, lamarin ya ƙara tsananta, ta yadda rabin yaran Malagasy suna nuna alamun rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Lardin Toliara da ke Kudu maso Yamma ne ke da mafi yawan talauci, duk da haka, yawancin talakawan karkara sun taru ne a larduna uku mafi yawan jama'a na Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa da Toamasina .   

Talakawa sun fi fuskantar hatsarin yanayi ne kawai saboda talaucinsu. Magidanta matalauta suna da ƴan kadarori da za su sayar kuma amfanin su ya yi ƙasa kaɗan, don haka a lokacin ƙarancin su ba su da wani abin da zai hana su abinci. Ƙungiyoyin da suka fi fama da rauni a yankunan karkara su ne mata (waɗanda ke da kashi 55 cikin 100 na yawan jama'a da kashi 80 cikin 100 na masu fafutukar tattalin arziki) da yara 'yan ƙasa da shekaru biyar. Dabarun tsira don samar da isassun wadatar abinci da rage haɗari sun haɗa da bambance-bambancen ayyukan noma, haɓaka ayyukan gonaki, ƙaura na yanayi ko na dindindin da aikin albashi . Duk da haka, raunin al'ummar Madagaska ya ƙara taɓarɓarewa tsawon shekaru na bala'o'i, rashin kwanciyar hankali na siyasa, da ƙarancin saka hannun jari a kayayyakin more rayuwa, tare da gajiyar hanyoyin shawo kan matsalar. Lalacewar muhalli da zaizayar ƙasa sun ƙara cutar da mutanen karkara iya jurewa. 

Dangane da matsayinta na ƙasa, Madagascar na fuskantar koma baya a kowace shekara sakamakon bala'o'i, waɗanda ke afkawa yankuna daban-daban na ƙasar tare da shafar yanayin abinci na sassa daban-daban na al'ummar ƙasar. A cikin shekaru 39 (daga shekarar 1968 zuwa ta 2007), guguwa na wurare masu zafi, guguwa da ambaliyar ruwa sun haifar da lalacewa da aka ƙiyasta kusan dalar Amurka biliyan 1.6 kuma sun shafi mutane miliyan 8. Mummunan fari dai ya shafi mutane kusan miliyan biyu da dubu ɗari bakwai, baya ga illar fari da ake fama da ita a kudancin ƙasar. Bugu da ƙari, Madagaska tana fama da fari a kai a kai . 

Tsarin Gudanar da Hatsarin Bala'i na Ƙasa (DRM) ya ƙunshi tsarin da ba a san shi ba na kwamitocin DRM (musamman a yankuna, gundumomi da matakan jama'a) a ƙarƙashin inuwar *Conseil National de Gestion des Risques et des Catastrophes*, a ƙarƙashin Ofishin Firayim Minista. Masu ba da gudummawa suna tallafawa gwamnati sosai wajen tsarawa da aiwatar da wannan tsarin.

## Duba kuma

* Noma na Madagascar
* Canjin yanayi a Madagascar
* Tsaron abinci a Burkina Faso

## Manazarta


## Littafi Mai Tsarki

* Hukumar Abinci da Aikin Gona (FAO). Bayanin ƙasar Gina Jiki don Madagascar. Rubutu akan layi: http://www.fao.org/ag/AGN/nutrition/mdg_en.stm 
* Asusun Ci Gaban Aikin Gona na Duniya (IFAD). Portal Talauci. http://www.ruralpovertyportal.org/web/guest/country/home/tags/madagascar
* Shirin Abinci na Duniya (WFP). Shirin Ƙasa Madagascar 2005-2009. Rubutu kan layi: http://www.wfp.org/content/country-programme-madagascar-2005-2009 
* Shirin Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Bayanin ƙasa. Rubutu akan layi: https://web.archive.org/web/20110817144953/http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/MDG.html
* Shirin Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Plan d'Action du Program Pays/CPAP 2008-2011. Rubutu akan layi: http://www.snu.mg/new/sites/pnud/article.php?article_id=749&lang=fr 
* Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit gidan yanar gizon. http://www.gtz.de/en/weltweit/afrika/587.htm
* Portal Tsaron Abinci na IFPRI http://www.foodsecurityportal.org/madagascar/resources