Julie Makani

**Julie Makani** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1970) ma'aikaciyar bincike ce ta likitancin Tanzaniya . Daga 2014 ita ce Abokin Binciken Amintacce na Wellcome kuma Mataimakin Farfesa a Sashen Nazarin Jini da Ciwon Jini a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Muhimbili da Kimiyyar Allied (MUHAS). Har ila yau, abokiyar ziyara kuma mai ba da shawara ga Nuffield Department of Medicine, Jami'ar Oxford, tana zaune a Dar es Salaam, Tanzania .  A cikin 2011, ta sami lambar yabo ta Royal Society Pfizer don aikinta da cutar sikila . 

## Ilimi
Bayan ta halarci makarantar firamare ta St Constantine a Arusha, Tanzania,  Makani ta samu horo kan aikin likitanci a Tanzaniya a Jami'ar Muhimbili, inda ta sami digirinta na likitanci a 1994.  A cikin 1997, ta halarci karatun digiri na biyu a likitancin ciki a Asibitin Hammersmith, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Jami'ar London, kan tallafin karatu na Commonwealth.  Daga nan ta tafi Oxford a matsayin mai bincike a Nuffield Department of Medicine, Jami'ar Oxford.  Ta sami horon horon PhD na shekaru huɗu daga Wellcome Trust a 2003 don nazarin cutar sikila a Tanzaniya. Ta kammala digirin digirgir kan ilimin cutar sikila (SCD). 

## Binciken kwayoyin halitta
A cikin 2004, ta sami haɗin gwiwar horarwa na Wellcome Trust kuma ta kafa shirin Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Muhimbili da Allied Sciences (MUHAS), tare da sa ido kan majinyatan SCD sama da 2,000.  A cikin cutar sikila, ƙwayoyin jajayen jini suna da sifar da ba ta dace ba, suna haifar da matsala game da kwararar jini ta jiki da sakamakon jigilar iskar oxygen a cikin jiki. Cutar da ke tattare da kwayoyin halitta, cutar tana haifar da sake faruwa na ciwo da kuma mummunar lalacewar gabobin da ke haifar da mutuwa.  An kiyasta yara dubu takwas zuwa goma sha daya a kowace shekara da cutar sikila a Tanzaniya.  Abin da Makani ya mayar da hankali a kai a Muhimbili shi ne nazarin abubuwa kamar su zazzabin cizon sauro, cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta da shanyewar jiki, waɗanda ake ganin suna taimakawa ga rashin lafiya da mutuwa idan aka sami taimako. 

Tare da haɗin gwiwar abokan aiki, ta haɓaka tsarin bincike na ilimin halittu da tsarin kiwon lafiya wanda shine ɗayan manyan ƙungiyoyin SCD daga cibiya ɗaya a duniya.  Sha'awarta a halin yanzu ita ce rawar anemia da haemoglobin tayi don tasiri nauyin cututtuka a cikin SCD. 

Makani yana aiki tare da abokan aiki don kafa hanyoyin sadarwa a matakin kasa a cikin Cibiyar Nazarin Cutar Sikila ta Yankin Gabas da Tsakiyar Afirka (REDAC) da Afirka (Sickle CHARTA &#x2013; Consortium for Health, Advocacy, Research and Training in Africa).  Makani shi ne wanda ya kafa gidauniyar Sickle Cell Foundation ta Tanzania.  A matakin duniya tana kan ƙungiyar masu ba da shawara ta fasaha ta Global SCD Research Network, tare da jagorancin ƙungiyar aiki da ke da alhakin maganin hydroxyurea a Afirka. 

Manufarta ita ce ta yi amfani da cutar sikila a matsayin abin koyi don kafa hanyoyin kimiyya da kiwon lafiya a Afirka waɗanda suka dace a cikin gida da kuma suna da mahimmanci a duniya. Samun nasara a cikin cutar sikila zai nuna cewa tare da ingantaccen haɗin gwiwa na duniya, za a iya magance rashin daidaito a kimiyyar halittu da kiwon lafiya. 

## Fellowships da sauran kyaututtuka
Makani ya sami horo (2003) da haɗin kai (2011) daga Wellcome Trust don shirin cutar sikila.  A cikin 2007, ta sami haɗin gwiwa don halartar taron TEDGlobal a Arusha, Tanzania. A cikin 2009, ta sami Fellowship Fellowship Archbishop Tutu daga Cibiyar Shugabancin Afirka . 

A cikin 2011, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Royal Society Pfizer Award . Za a yi amfani da kyautar kyautar don bincike don samar da kyakkyawar fahimta game da tsarin kwayoyin halitta, kwayoyin halitta da muhalli na cutar sikila. A yayin bayar da kyautar, Farfesa Lorna Casselton ta Royal Society, ta ce: "Mun yi matukar farin cikin karrama irin wannan mutum mai ban sha'awa da lambar yabo ta Royal Society Pfizer Award a wannan shekara ... Muna fatan Dr Makani ya tsaya a matsayin abin koyi ga sauran matasa. Masana kimiya na Afirka suna fatan kawo sauyi a nahiyarsu da ma duniya baki daya." 

A cikin 2019, an saka ta cikin jerin mata 100 na BBC . 

## Nassoshi