open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Jerin Malaman Musulunci mata

Wannan labarin ba cikakken jerin sunayen malaman Musulunci mata ba ne. Ana kiran malamai mata da aka horar da a matsayin *’ālimah* ko *[[Shehu|Shaykha]]*. Shigar da mata a cikin jami'o'i ya haɓaka kasancewar mata masana kuma ya bada damar ra'ayoyin dake ƙalubalantar ra'ayoyin gargajiya.

## Karni na 7

* Fatimah 'yar Annabi Muhammadu .
* Aisha bint Abubakar
* Zainab bint Ali
* Hafsa bint Umar
* Ummu Darda as Sughra
* Ummu Hakim
* Al-Shifa' bint Abdullah
* Hafsa bint Sirin 
* Ummu Salamah 
* A'isha bint Talhah
* Ummu Kulthum bint Abi Bakr, Shahararriyar Tabi'un kuma shahararriyar mai ruwayar hadisi
* Na'ila bint al-Furafisa matar Uthman kuma shahararriyar mai ruwayar hadisi
* Habeeba Husain
* Ummul Darda
* Sakina bint Husain

## Karni na 8

* Fatima bint Musa
* Sayyida Nafisa
* Fatima al-Batayahiyyah
* Sumayyah bint Khayyat
* Amrah bint Abdur Rahman
* Fatima bint Mundhir
* Rabia Basri
* Atika bint Yazid

## Karni na 9

* Fatima al-Fihri

## Karni na 10

* Amat al-Wahid
* Lubna ta Cordoba

## Karni na 11

* Karima al-Marwaziya

## Karni na 12

* Fatima al Samaraqandi
* Taqiyya Umm Ali bint Ghaith bin Ali al-Armanazi
* Fakhr-un-Nisa Shuhdah kuma aka sani da Shaykhah Shuhdah, ko Shuhdah al-Baghdadiyyah.

## Karni na 13

* Zainab bint Umar al-Kindi
* Zainab bint al-Kamal

## Karni na 14

* Sitt al-Wuzara' al-Tanukhiyyah
* Sitt al-Qudat
* Sitt al-Arab
* Sit al-Ajam

## Karni na 16

* A'isha al-Ba'uniyya

## Karni na 17

* Zinat-un-Nissa, Mughal Princess, mai bada gudummawa ga kamus na Hanafi Fatawa-e-Alamgiri.
* Jahanara Begum

## Karni na 18

* Fatima al-Fudayliya, wadda aka sani da as al-Shaykha al-Fudayliya.

## Karni na 19

* Nana Asma'u bint Shehu Usman bin Fodiyo
* Sultan Shah Jahan, Begum na Bhopal

## Karni na 20

* Aisha Abdurrahman
* Zainab al-Ghazali
* Munira al-Qubaysi
* Maryam Jameelah
* Mama Amin
* Hashimiyyah al-Tujjar
* Iftikhar al-Tujjar
* Zīnah al-Sādāt Humāyūni
* Muhammadi Begum
* Fatima al-Kabbaj
* Du Shuzhen
* Eva de Vitray-Meyerovitch
* Amina Sadr
* Rahmah el Yunusiya

## Karni na 21

* Asifa Quraishi
* Asma Afsaruddin
* Azizah al-Hibri
* Celene Ibrahim
* Farhat Hashmi
* Ingrid Mattson
* Laleh Bakhtiar
* Mariya Ulfah
* Merryl Wyn Davies
* Riffat Hassan
* Siti Chamamah Soeratno
* Siti Noordjannah Djohantini
* Zailan Moris
* Siti Musdah Mulia
* Asma Lamrabet
* Maria Massi Dakake
* Sachiko Murata
* Amina Wadu
* Hidayet Şefkatli Tuksal
* Fatima Mernissi
* Nahid Angha
* Aisha Bewley
* Amina Inuwa
* Zohreh Sefati
* Tahera Qutbuddin
* Mohja Kahf
* Asma Barla
* Mai Yamani
* Ziba Mir-Hosseini
* Gwendolyn Zoharah Simmons
* Halima Krausen
* Amina McCloud
* Kecia Ali
* Mona Abul-Fadl
* Cemalnur Sargut
* Claude Addas
* Marcia Hermansen
* Sa'diyya Shaikh
* Zainab Alwani
* Salwa El-Awa
* Rebecca Masterton
* Tahereh Saffarzadeh
* Olfa Yusuf
* Bahar Davary
* Rania Awad
* Abla al-Kahlawi
* Aisha Grey Henry
* Aysha Hidayatullah
* Debra Majeed
* Su'ad Salih
* Aisha Lemu

## Manazarta
Jerin malaman falsafar musulmi

**Masana falsafar musulmi** duka suna da'awar Musulunci kuma suna shiga cikin salon falsafar dake cikin tsarin harshen Larabci da Musulunci, ko da yake ba lallai ba ne ya damu da batutuwan addini. Maganganun sahabbai Muhammadu sun ƙunshi ɗan tattaunawa na falsafa.  A cikin karni na takwas, cudanya mai yawa da Daular Byzantine ta haifar da yunƙurin fassara ayyukan falsafa na Falsafar Girka ta Tsohuwar (musamman matani na Aristotle) zuwa Larabci.

Al-Kindi na ƙarni na tara ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin wanda ya assasa falsafar Islama (800-1200). Masanin falsafa na karni na goma al-Farabi ya bada gudummawa sosai wajen shigar da ayyukan falsafar Girka da na Romawa cikin bahasin falsafar musulmi kuma ya kafa da yawa daga cikin jigogin da zasu mamaye falsafar Musulunci na tsawon karni masu zuwa; a cikin faffadan aikinsa, aikinsa kan dabaru ya fito fili musamman. A karni na sha daya, Ibn Sina, daya daga cikin manyan malaman falsafar musulmi, ya kirkiro nasa makarantar falsafa ta musamman da aka sani da Avicennism wacce ke da tushen Aristotelian da Neoplatonist. Al-Ghazali, sanannen malamin falsafa kuma masanin ilimin tauhidi, ya dauki hanyar magance sabani a fili tsakanin hankali da wahayi. Ya fahimci mahimmancin falsafa kuma ya samar da amsa mai rikitarwa wanda ya ƙi wasu daga cikin koyarwar ta kuma yayi Allah wadai da shi, yayin da kuma ya ba shi damar yarda da aiki da wasu. Karɓar da al-Ghazali ya yi na zanga-zanga (*apodeixis*) ne ya haifar da ingantaccen magana mai tsafta akan ilimin ilmin halitta da furen dabaru na Aristotelian da metaphysics a cikin da'irar tauhidin musulmi. Averroes, fitaccen masanin falsafa na ƙarshe na musulmi, ya kare amfani da falsafar Aristotel akan wannan zargi; Ayyukansa masu yawa sun haɗa da sharhi masu mahimmanci akan Aristotle. A cikin karni na goma sha biyu, Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi ya kafa falsafar haskakawa. Ko da yake falsafar a cikin tsarinta na Aristotelian na al'ada ya ɓace a yawancin ƙasashen Larabawa bayan karni na goma sha biyu, nau'ikan falsafar sufanci sun zama mafi shahara.

Bayan Averroes, wata fitacciyar makarantar falsafa ta ci gaba da wanzuwa a gabashin duniyar musulmi a lokacin daular Safawiya wadda malamai suka kira Makarantar Isfahan. Masanin falsafar Shi'a Mir Damad ne ya assasa shi kuma Mulla Sadra da sauran su suka inganta shi. 

## Jerin

## Duba kuma

* Jerin masana falsafa
* Falsafar Musulunci
* Farkon Falsafar Musulunci
* Falsafar Musulunci ta zamani
* Malaman Musulunci
* Jerin malaman falsafa na Iran

## Bayanan kula

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Falsafar Musulunci Online
* Jaridar Falsafar Musulunci

## Manazarta

## Manazarta
Ingrid Parent

**Ingrid Parent** ma'aikacin laburarece ta kasar Kanada, wadda ta kasance shugabar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Laburare ta Duniya

## Rayuwa
Iyaye shi ne Ma'aikacin Laburaren Jami'ar a Jami'ar British Columbia daga Yuli 1,2009 zuwa Yuni 30, 2016.  Daga 1994 zuwa 2004 ta kasance Darakta Janar na Saye da Sabis na Littattafai a tsohuwar Laburare ta Kanada,sannan ta zama Mataimakiyar Mataimakin Ministan Labarai,Laburare da Archives Kanada,mai alhakin haɓakawa,kwatanci da adana abubuwan tarihi na Kanada,daga 2004.zuwa 2009.

Iyaye sun wakilci Kanada tare da Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Laburare ta Duniya.A cikin watan Yuni Shekara  ta 2009 IFLA ta sanar da cewa an zaɓi Ms Parent a matsayin zababben shugaban ƙasa na wa'adin 2009-2011 da kuma shugaban ƙasa na wa'adin 2011-2012,inda ta karɓi kuri'u 895 zuwa 844 na ɗan takarar Mexico Jesus Lau.

Ita ce Ma'aikaciyar Laburare ta Jami'ar UBC ta biyu da ta yi aiki a matakin ƙasa bayan William Kaye Lamb.

## Manazarta
Irin Falcam

**Iris Green Falcam** (Agusta 25, 1938 - Fabrairu 19,2010) ɗan Amurka ne ɗan ɗakin karatu na Micronesia,mai bincike kuma ma'aikacin gwamnati.Falcam ta yi aiki a matsayin Uwargidan Shugaban Kasa na Tarayyar Micronesia daga 1999 zuwa 2003 a lokacin mulkin mijinta,tsohon shugaban kasa Leo Falcam .

Iris Falcam ɗan asalin Hawaii ne,amma ya zauna a cikin abin da a yanzu ke Tarayyar Tarayyar Micronesia sama da shekaru arba'in.Ta halarci Jami'ar Hawai'i a Mānoa da Makarantar Fasaha ta Kapiolani,wacce a yanzu ake kira Kapiolani Community College.

Falcam ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin ɗakin karatu kuma mai bincike don tarin tarin tsibiran Micronesia-FSM daga 1979 har zuwa mutuwarta a 2010.Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin laburare na Majalisar Dokokin Tarayyar Tarayya ta Micronesia,da kuma ofishin watsa labarai na jama'a a cikin Amintaccen Territory na hedkwatar tsibirin Pacific a kan Saipan a farkon aikinta.Hannun jama'a da yawa na Falcam a cikin FSM sun haɗa da wurin zama a hukumar Makarantar Katolika ta Pohnpei,ma'ajin kungiyar Pohnpei Lions Club da zama memba a ƙungiyar mata ta Katolika mai suna Lih en Mercedes.

Iris Green Falcam ya mutu ranar Juma'a,19 ga Fabrairu,2010 a Pohnpei.Ta rasu ta bar mijinta,tsohon shugaban kasa Leo Falcam.Shugaba Manny Mori ya kira Falcam,"mahaifiyar alheri kuma mai kula da al'ummarmu."
Jane Roberts (ma'aikacin ɗakin karatu)

**Dame Priscilla Jane Stephanie, Lady Roberts**, DCVO , FSA ( née **Low** ; 4 Satumba 1949 - 29 Yuni 2021), wanda aka sani da kawai **Jane Roberts**, ita ce Mai Kula da Rubutu a Windsor Castle daga shekarar 1975 da Royal Labrarian daga 2002 har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a Yuli 2013. 

## Tarihi da ilimi
Priscilla Jane Stephanie Low ita ce babbar ƴar Brigadier Toby Low, 1st Baron Aldington da matarsa Araminta née MacMichael. Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Cranborne Chase, Kwalejin Westfield (yanzu wani ɓangare na Sarauniya Maryamu, Jami'ar London ), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Courtauld .

## Girmamawa
An naɗa Roberts a matsayin Memba na Royal Victorian Order (MVO) a cikin shekarar 1984.  Daga baya aka kara mata girma zuwa Lieutenant (LVO) a 1995,  Kwamandan (CVO) a 2004,  da kuma Dame Commander (DCVO) na wannan Order a 2013. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
A ranar 13 ga Disamban shekarar 1975, Jane Low ta auri Sir Hugh Roberts, wanda shi ne Daraktan Tarin Sarauta da Binciken Ayyukan Fasaha na Sarauniya har zuwa Afrilun shekarar 2010.

Ita da mijinta sun zauna a Adelaide Cottage, alheri da tagomashi gida kusa da Gidan Frogmore a Gidan Gida, Windsor . Ma'auratan suna da ** &#x5B; &#x5D; biyu: Sophie Jane Cecilia Roberts (an haifi 28 Maris 1978) da Amelia Frances Albinia Roberts (an haifi 1982). 

Ta mutu a ranar 29 ga Yunin shekarar 2021, tana da shekaru 71. 

## Ayyuka

* 1979: *Holbein* . Littafin Oresko 
* 1985: *Kasidar Nunin Jagorar Zane a cikin Tarin Sarauta*
* 1987: *Mawakan Sarauta* . Grafton 
* 1989: *Leonardo Da Vinci*
* 1993: *Sayen Sarki*
* 1993: *Holbein da Kotun Henry VIII*
* 1995: *Ra'ayoyin Windsor: ruwan ruwa na Thomas da Paul Sandby*
* 1997: *Sarauta Landscape*
* 1999: *Shugaban Sarki: Charles I, Sarki da Shahidi*
* 1999: *Ƙwararren Ƙwararru na Addini Goma daga Tarin Sarauta: bikin Millennium*
* 2002: *Royal Treasures* (edita)
* 2004: *George III da Sarauniya Charlotte* (edita)
* 2005: *Hotuna masu buɗewa: magoya baya a cikin Tarin Sarauta*
* 2006: *Sarauniya Elizabeth II: kundin tarihin ranar haihuwa*
* 2007: *Zobba na Zinariya biyar: kundin tarihin bikin aure*
* 2008: *Charles, Yariman Wales: kundin tarihin ranar haihuwa*

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Portraits of Jane Roberts at the National Portrait Gallery, London
* Photograph at Getty Images
Janet Backhouse

**Janet Moira Backhouse** (8 Fabrairu 1938 - 3 Nuwamba 2004)ta kasance mai kula da rubuce-rubucen rubuce-rubucen Ingilishi a Gidan Tarihi na Biritaniya,kuma babbar hukuma a fagen haskake rubuce-rubucen.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Janet Backhouse a Corsham,Wiltshire,'yar Joseph Holme Backhouse da Jessie Chivers Backhouse.Mahaifinta mai sayar da kiwo ne.Ɗan'uwanta David John Backhouse ya zama sculptor kuma marubuci.

Backhouse ya sami ilimi a Makarantar Stonar da Kwalejin Bedford,London .A Bedford ta yi aiki tare da Lillian Penson kuma tare da masanin burbushin halittu Francis Wormald.

## Sana'a
A cikin 1962 Backhouse ya shiga Sashen Rubuce-rubucen Gidan Tarihi na Biritaniya a matsayin Mataimakin Mai Kula da Rubutun Yamma.A cikin waccan rawar,ta buga takardun mawarar doki Lady Anne Blunt,tare da rubutun Tsar Ivan Alexander zuwa Bulgaria a 1977,kuma ta raka Linjila Lindisfarne don baje kolin a Durham Cathedral a cikin 1987,don bikin cika shekaru 1300 na bikin.mutuwar Cuthbert.Ta kuma shirya tare da Leslie Webster nunin 1991 na kayan tarihi da rubuce-rubucen Anglo-Saxon, a gidan tarihi na Biritaniya.
Ingetraut Dahlberg

**Ingetraut Dahlberg**(20 Fabrairu 1927 - 24 Oktoba 2017)ɗan Jamus masanin kimiyya ne kuma masanin falsafa wanda ya haɓaka Rarraba Ƙididdiga na Bayanai na duniya wanda ya ƙunshi wasu fannoni 6,500. Ayyukanta sun ƙunshi ayyuka daban-daban a cikin bincike, koyarwa,gyara,da kuma bugawa .Dahlberg ya kafa mujallar *International Classification* (yanzu *Ƙungiyar Ilimi* )da kuma duka Ƙungiyar Kimiyya don Rarraba( de )da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ilimi ta Duniya .

## Sana'ar sana'a

### Shekarun farko
Sha'awar Ingetraut Dahlberg a cikin Takardu ya fara ne lokacin da - tana da shekaru 10 - ta karɓi kyamara daga mahaifinta a Kirsimeti. Ta fara rubuta duk abin da ta ɗauka da muhimmanci.

Ingetraut Dahlberg ta rayu mafi yawan lokutanta a Frankfurt /Main.Ta yi karatun Falsafa, Tarihi, Anglistics,Tauhidin Katolika,da Biology a jami'o'in Frankfurt,Würzburg da Düsseldorf tare da shekarar koleji guda ɗaya a Amurka tsakanin. 

Ta auri masanin kimiyyar lissafi Dr.Reinhard Dahlberg,tare da wanda ta haifi danta Wolfgang.

### Farawar sana'a
A 1959 ta fara aiki a *Cibiyar Gmelin* karkashin jagorancin Farfesa Dr.Erich Pietsch.Aikinta shi ne ƙirƙirar wallafe-wallafen littattafai a cikin Cibiyar Takaddun shaida don ikon Nukiliya.A shekara ta 1961 ta canza zuwa aiki abstracting a kan tattalin arziki batutuwa a cikin "Rationalisierungs-Kuratorium der Deutschen Wirtschaft"(Board of Rationalization da Innovation for Jamus Tattalin Arziki).

A cikin shekarun 1962-63 ta shiga cikin kwas na shekara guda don zama Documentalist na Kimiyya. An shirya wannan kwas ta "Jamus Documentation Society" a Cibiyar Gmelin .

### Deutsche Gesellschaft für Dokumentation (DGD) (Jamus Documentation Society)
Bayan kwas ta fara matsayi tare da "Deutsche Gesellschaft für Dokumentation" (DGD),Frankfurt (Jamus Documentation Society).inda dole ne ta kula da ɗakin karatu da takardun littattafan littattafai.Domin ya bi gayyatar da *Farfesa Raymund Pepinsky*,Jami'ar Atlantic ta Florida,Boca Raton,don taimakawa a cikin cibiyar tattara bayanai don bayanan bayanan crystallographic,za ta iya yin izinin shekara ta 1964-65 don yin aiki a " Groth Institute for Crystalographic Data".Takardun".Daga baya,ta iya ƙaura zuwa ɗakin karatu na jami'a (wanda *Edward M.Heiliger* ke jagoranta);kuma zai iya aiki a cikin ɗakin karatu na farko na Amurka don samun kwamfuta don wannan aikin littafin.Tare da Jean Perreault ta yi aiki a kan matsaloli na Categories da dangantaka a cikin rarrabuwa. 

## Manazarta
Janet Brennan Croft

**Janet Brennan Croft** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1961) ma'aikaciyar ɗakin karatu ce ta Ba'amurke kuma ƙwararriyar Tolkien,wacce aka sani da marubucinta da edita littattafai da mujallu akan tunanin JRR Tolkien na tsakiyar duniya.

## Aikin ilimi
Croft ya sami digiri na farko na Arts a cikin Ingilishi da wayewa na gargajiya(biyu manyan) daga Jami'ar Indiana a 1982 kuma ya kammala karatun digiri a matsayin Jagora na Kimiyyar Laburare a 1983 a Makarantar Laburare da Bayani na Jami'ar Indiana.Ta yi aiki a ɗakin karatu na Carnegie na Pittsburgh kuma ta kasance darekta da kuma farfesa a Warden Memorial Library,Martin Methodist College.Ta zama Shugabar Sabis na Samun shiga a Bizzell Memorial Library,Jami'ar Oklahoma,a cikin 2001 kuma an ba ta abokiyar farfesa a 2007.A cikin Satumba 2014, ta fara a matsayin Shugaba,Samun dama da Sabis na Bayarwa a Dakunan karatu na Jami'ar Rutgers.kuma tun daga Yuli 1,2018,taken ta ya canza zuwa Liaison zuwa Makarantar Sadarwa da Watsa Labarai da Ma'aikacin Labura don Haƙƙin mallaka da Nakasa.A cikin watan Agusta 2020,ta zama Mataimakin Laburaren Jami'ar don Gano Abubuwan ciki a Jami'ar Arewacin Iowa.Bukatun bincikenta sun mayar da hankali kan dokokin haƙƙin mallaka game da ɗakunan karatu da aikin JRR Tolkien da sauran marubutan fantasy.Wannan ya haɗa da darussan ilimi da yawa akan Tolkien waɗanda ta gudanar a Jami'ar Oklahoma.

Tun da 2006,ta kasance editan *Mythlore*,mujallar ilimin kimiyya da aka yi nazari a kan takwarorinsu ta Mythopoeic Society.Daga cikin wallafe-wallafen gabaɗaya kan tatsuniyoyi da fantasy, ya mai da hankali kan manyan manyan membobin Inkling guda uku: JRR Tolkien, CS Lewis, da Charles Williams.An lasafta ta a matsayin "Masanin Tolkien" a cikin Peter Jackson 's *The Hobbit: Tafiya mara Tsammani* .

## wallafe-wallafen da aka zaɓa
Janet Doe

**Janet Doe** (Afrilu 11,1895 a Newbury,Vermont &#x2013; Nuwamba 17, 1985 a Somers, New York )ma'aikaciyar laburare ce ta shahara saboda aikinta a Cibiyar Nazarin Magunguna ta New York da kuma aikin mai ba da shawararta tare da Laburaren Kiwon Lafiyar Soja.

Doe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban kungiyar Likitoci daga 1948 zuwa 1949.Adireshin shugabanta na 1949,mai suna *The Development of Education For Medical Librarianship*,an sake buga shi a cikin fitowar 2012 na Journal of the Medical Library Association. Ana adana ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyarta a cikin jerin lacca na shekara-shekara na Janet Doe ,wanda aka kafa a cikin 1965. 

## Manazarta
Janet M. Suzuki

**Janet Suzuki,** (1943 - 1987) ma'aikaciyar ɗakin karatu ce Ba-Amurke .Jin cewa bukatun masu karatu na Asiyawa na Asiya ba su da wakilci kuma ba su da wakilci daga Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru na Asiya (AALC) a 1975,tare da Henry Chang da Yen-Tsai Feng.AALC ƙungiya ce ta tattaunawa a cikin Ofishin ALA don Sabis na Wayar da Laburare,kuma ita ce ƙungiyar laburare ta Asiya-Amurka ta farko wacce ta yi hidima ga al'ummar ɗakin karatu na Asiya ta Amurka.Shi ne wanda ya gabace shi zuwa Association ƙungiyar Littattafai ta Amurka ta Asiya/Pacific . 

## Rayuwar farko, ilimi, da aiki
An haifi Suzuki a Westboro,Ohio.

Ta sauke karatu daga Jami'ar Nebraska a 1968.A cikin 1969,ta sami digiri na MSLS daga Jami'ar Denver.

Ta yi aiki don dukan aikinta a Makarantar Jama'a ta Chicago,tana ba da sabis na tunani a cikin kasuwancin su, kimiyya,da sassan da suka shafi fasaha.

## Shigar al'ummar Asiya-Amurka
Suzuki ɗan Sansei ne (Ba'amurke ɗan Jafananci na uku).Ta rike mukamai da yawa a cikin yankin ɗakin karatu na Asiya-Amurka da kuma jama'ar Asiya ta Amurka baki ɗaya:
Jean Armor Polly

**Jean Armor Polly** ma'aikacin ɗakin karatu ce kuma marubuciyar farkon jerin littattafai kan amintattun sabis na Intanet*.* Ta kasance ƙwararriyar mai amfani da Intanet tun shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da casa’in da daya 1991.A cikin shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha’tara 2019,an shigar da ita cikin Zauren Fame na Intanet. Ta kasance Daraktan Sabis na Jama'a da Jakadan Intanet a NYSERNet,Inc (daga shekarar alif dubu daya da tara da casa’in da biyu 1992-shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da casa’in da biyar 1995).Ta yi aiki a Hukumar Amintattu ta Intanet(shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da casa’in da uku 1993 – shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da casa’in da shidda 1996)da kuma ICANN At-Large Advisory Council (ALAC)(shekarar dubu biyu da hudu 2004 – shekarar dubu biyu da shidda 2006),da kuma kan hukumar ICRA.

## Ilimi
Ta sami BA a cikin Nazarin Medieval a Jami'ar Syracuse a shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da saba’in da hudu 1974,da kuma samu matakin Master's dinta a Kimiyyar Laburare daga wannan jami'a a shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da saba’in da biyar 1975.Polly ya kasance mutun mahimmi wajen yaɗa kalmar "zazzagewar Intanet",kasancewarta marubucin labarin mai suna "Surfing the INTERNET",wanda aka buga a Jami'ar Minnesota *Wilson Library Bulletin* a watan Yunin,shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da casa’in da biyu 1992 ko da yake wasu ma sun yi amfani da kalmar a baya.

## Labarai
Polly ita ce marubuciyar sanannun jerin littattafai *The Internet Kids & Families Yellow Pages*. Saboda aikinta na dogon lokaci,mai ba da gudummawa ga al'amurran da suka shafi iyali da yara a Intanet,ana kiran Polly a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin "Uwa" na Intanet na asali.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Tana zaune kusa da Syracuse, garin New York,inda take gudanar da rukunin yanar gizon "Net-mom".Tana da ɗa guda, Stephen.

## Manazarta
Jean Chandler Smith

**Jean Chandler Smith**(1918 &#x2013; 1999) ma'aikacin laburare ne na Amurka kuma marubuci.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Smith a shekara ta 1918. Ta halarci Kwalejin Bryn Mawr a Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania,kuma ta sami digiri na digiri a cikin 1939. Daga baya ta halarci Jami'ar Yale kuma ta sami digiri na biyu na Kimiyya a 1953. A cikin 1973,ta sami digiri na MLS daga Jami'ar Katolika ta Amurka a Washington,DC

Smith ya zama ma'aikacin laburare na Laburare na Jama'a na Gundumar Columbia a cikin 1939,kuma ya kasance a wannan matsayin har zuwa 1943.Ta yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar ɗakin karatu a Hawaii kuma mai fassara a Panama a cikin shekarun ƙarshe na Yaƙin Duniya na biyu.Ta zama ma'aikaciyar laburare da abokiyar bincike don Jami'ar Yale a 1944.Ta zama Mukaddashin Shugaban Kasuwanci a Cibiyar Nazarin Lafiya ta Kasa a cikin 1959.Shekaru hudu bayan haka,a 1963,ta koma Ma'aikatar Cikin Gida.A cikin 1965,Smith ya shiga cikin ɗakunan karatu na Cibiyar Smithsonian (SIL),inda ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta mai riko a 1972,da 1977 zuwa 1979.Ta yi ritaya bayan shekaru biyu,a cikin 1981,amma har yanzu tana shiga a matsayin abokiyar bincike don SIL daga baya.

Littafin sanannen sanannen littafin tarihin Georges Cuvier (1993), masanin halitta dan Faransa ne.

Ta rasu a shekarar 1999.

## Manazarta
Jean Lisette Aroeste

**Jean Lisette Aroeste** (2 ga watan Oktobar shekarar 1932 -watan Agustan shekarar 2020) tsohon jami'ar California ne, ma'aikacin ɗakin karatu na Los Angeles kuma mai sha'awar *Star Trek* wanda ya zama ɗaya daga cikin marubuta huɗu waɗanda ba su da ƙimar rubuce-rubucen talabijin a baya (David Gerrold,Judy Burns da Joyce Muskat sun kasance. sauran uku) don sayar da rubutun ga shirin.

Siyar da ita ta farko," Shin Akwai Gaskiya Babu Kyau?",Rubutun da ba a nema ba ne wanda abokin haɗin gwiwar Star Trek Robert H. Justman ya karanta kuma ya ba da shawarar ga Gene Roddenberry. Daga nan sai ta sayar da labarin "Ƙarar Ƙura", wanda a ƙarshe aka samar da shi a matsayin " Dukkan Jikokinmu " &#x2013; kashi na biyu zuwa na ƙarshe na ainihin jerin ***Star Trek***.

Wadannan shirye-shiryen guda biyu sune tallace-tallace ta talabijin kawai.

A baya ta kasance ma'aikaciyar laburare ta saye a ɗakin karatu na Jami'ar Harvard ;bayan UCLA,daga baya ta kasance shugabar References and Collection Development a Laburaren Jami'ar Princeton.

## Manazarta
Sakshi Tanwar

**Sakshi Tanwar,** yar wasan fim ce ta ƙasar Indiya  kuma mai gabatar da shirye shirye a talabijin.

## Rayuwar farko

An haifi Sakshi Tanwar a cikin shekara ta alif ɗari tara da saba'in da biyu 1972 ko shekara ta alif ɗari tara da saba'in da uku 1973 ƴa ga Rajendra Singh Tanwar, jami'in CBI mai ritaya, a cikin dangin Rajput na tsakiya daga Alwar, Rajasthan, Indiya. Ta yi karatu a Kendriya Vidyalayas da yawa kafin ta kammala karatunta daga Kwalejin Lady Shri Ram a New Delhi . Kafin wannan, a cikin shekara ta alif ɗari tara da saba'in 1990, bayan kammala karatun digiri na farko, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai horar da tallace-tallace a otal mai taurari biyar 5 .  A koleji, ita ce sakatariya kuma shugabar al'umma mai ban mamaki. yayin da take shirye-shiryen gwajin shiga ayyukan gudanarwa da sadarwar jama'a/mutane, ta ba da jawabi ga shirin wakokin fim na gidan rediyon Doordarshan na *Albela Sur Mela* a cikin shekara ta alif ɗari tara da casa'in da takwas 1998; aka zabe ta a matsayin mai gabatarwa.

## Sana'a

Bayan fitowarta ta farko ta talabijin a cikin 1998 tare da *Albela Sur Mela*, Tanwar ta sami suna saboda rawar da ta taka na Parvati Agarwal a cikin wasan opera na sabulu, *Kahaani Ghar Ghar Kii* .  Tsakanin 2011 zuwa 2014, ta buga Priya Kapoor, tare da Ram Kapoor, a *Bade Achhe Lagte Hain*  2012, ta yi bayyanar ta uku akan wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya *Kaun Banega Crorepati* . 

A cikin fim din *Dangal* na 2016, Tanwar ya buga Daya Kaur, matar tsohon dan kokawa Mahavir Singh Phogat (wanda Aamir Khan ya buga), wanda ke horar da 'ya'yansa mata su zama masu kokawa a duniya kan rashin jituwar zamantakewa.   Sakshi Tanwar ya sake dawowa a talabijin tare da *Tyohaar Ki Thaali*, wanda tashar Epic ta fara watsawa a cikin Fabrairu 2018. 

Manoj Bajpayee, Neena Gupta, Sakshi Tanwar sun hadu don shirin 'Dial 100' mai zuwa.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
A cikin 2018, Sakshi ta zama uwa daya tilo lokacin da ta dauki jaririyar wata tara mai suna Dityaa Tanwar.

## Filmography

### Talabijin

### Fina-finai

### Jerin Yanar Gizo

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa

## Manazarta
Alice Minchin

**Alice Ethel Minchin** (5 Nuwamba 1889&#x2013; 26 Yuli 1966) malamar New Zealand ce kuma ma'aikacin ɗakin karatu.An haife ta a Waihou,kusa da Panguru,New Zealand,akan 5 Nuwamba 1889. A cikin 1917 an nada ta a matsayin ma'aikaciyar ɗakin karatu ta farko a ɗakin karatu na Kwalejin Jami'ar Auckland,matsayin da ta riƙe har zuwa 1945.  
 

## Manazarta
Jessamyn West (ma'aikacin ɗakin karatu)

**Jessamyn Charity West** (an haife shi a watan Satumba 5,1968) ƙwararriyar fasahar ɗakin karatu ce kuma marubuciyar Amurka wacce aka sani don fafutuka da aiki akan rarrabuwar dijital.Ita ce mahaliccin librarian.net.Ita ce mashawarcin Babi na Vermont na Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Amirka,kuma ta kasance Daraktan Ayyuka a babban rukunin yanar gizon MetaFilter daga shekara ta 2005 zuwa 2014.Yamma sun mallaki MetaFilter.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Yamma ta girma a Massachusetts,inda mahaifinta, injiniyan kwamfuta Tom West,ya yi aiki ga RCA da Janar Data . Shi ne babban adadi a cikin littafin 1981 Tracy Kidder *The Soul of a New Machine* .Mahaifiyarta,Elizabeth( née Cohon),ƙanwar ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ce Peter Coyote. Za a iya sanya mata suna bayan marubucin Jessamyn West (bisa ga iyayenta,"daidaituwa"),kuma tun tana yarinya tana yin rubutu da ita.

Ta yi karatun digiri a Kwalejin Hampshire a Amherst.Ta kammala aikin digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Washington don digiri na Master of Librarianship,kuma ta koma Vermont a 2003.

## Sana'a
A cikin shekara ta 1995,West ya tafi Cluj-Napoca a Romania,inda ta gudanar da ɗakin karatu don Dandalin 'Yanci.

Yamma yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara na ɗakin karatu mai zaman kansa,musamman a Orange County, Vermont,yana mai da hankali kan taimakawa ɗakunan karatu da fasaha.Ta daidaita rukunin yanar gizon MetaFilter,ta yi ritaya a matsayin Daraktan Ayyuka a 2014.Ta ci gaba da kasancewa ƙwaƙƙwaran amsa tambayoyi a cikin Tambayi MetaFilter.Ita ma mai aiki Wikipedian ce, tana aiki musamman akan batutuwan Vermont da laburare.A watan Yunin 2011 ta shiga Hukumar Shawarar Gidauniyar Wikimedia .Ta yi aiki da teburan bayanai a Burning Man da zanga-zangar WTO na shekara ta 1999,kuma ta tallafawa da kiyaye aikin Buɗaɗɗen Laburbura na Taskar Intanet . 

West a taƙaice ya sanya hannu a matsayin mai bincike don Amsoshi na Google,yana rubuta game da kwarewarta don jarida *mai bincike* .Ta yi murabus ne bayan ta gano cewa ta yiwu ta karya kwangilar ta ta rubuta game da hidimar.Ta yi imanin cewa "kudin kuɗi" ya ɓata dangantaka tsakanin mai bincike da mabukaci na bayanai,kuma ya taka rawa a cikin mutuwar sabis ɗin daga baya.

A cikin shekara ta 2002,*Mujallar Laburare* ta ba ta suna "mai motsi da girgiza" na duniyar ɗakin karatu.Ana ɗaukar West a matsayin "mai yin ra'ayi" a cikin sana'a kuma yana gabatarwa akai-akai a taro.A cikin 2019 ta ba da Lacca na 30th Alice G. Smith don Makarantar Bayani a Jami'ar Kudancin Florida a Tampa a ɗakin karatu na jama'a na Robert W. Saunders Sr. mai taken,"Adalcin zamantakewa batu ne na ɗakin karatu; ɗakin karatu shine batun adalci na zamantakewa. ". Ta magance ƙalubalen da mutane ke fuskanta a yankunan karkara akan faifan bidiyo *na Takeaway* a cikin Satumba 2019, "Yadda Laburaren Ke Haɗa Rarraba Dijital".  Ita ce mai bayyana kanta anti-capitalist.

## Manazarta
Mariya A. Barucci

**Maria Antonella Barucci** ƙwararriyar masaniyar taurari ce, ƴan ƙasar Italiya ce a Observatory-Meudon,Paris. Cibiyar Ƙaramar Duniya ta ba ta ƙima da jimillar ƙananan binciken duniya guda 3 da ta yi a cikin 1984 da 1985.  Mafi mahimmanci shine binciken haɗin gwiwa tare da R.Scott Dunbar na kusa-Duniya da Aten asteroid 3362 Khufu a Palomar Observatory,da kuma haɗin gwiwarta na Apollo asteroid 3752 Camillo. 

Maria Antonella Barucci ita ma marubuciya ce ta littafin ilmin taurari da kimiyyar duniyar duniyar *The Solar System* (2003) wanda Springer-Verlag ya buga.Babban belt asteroid 3485 Barucci,wanda masanin falaki dan kasar Amurka Edward Bowell ya gano a shekarar 1983,an ba ta suna ne don girmama ta. 

## Duba kuma

* Eleanor F. Helin, co-discoverer na 3752 Camillo
* Rosetta (jirgin sama)
* List of minor planet discoverers § MA Barucci

## Manazarta
Joan Airoldi

**Joan Airoldi** tsohon darektan Tsarin Laburare na gundumar Whatcom a jihar Washington ne.

## An yi tsayayya da harin majiɓincin ɗakin karatu a ƙarƙashin Dokar Patriot

A cikin Yuni 2004,tare da goyon bayan ma'aikata daga Deming Library,reshe na Whatcom County Library System, ta ƙi bayar da bayanin da wani jami'in FBI mai ziyara ya nema game da amfani da wani majiɓinci na wani littafi akan Osama bin Laden.Tsarin ɗakin karatu ya sanar da FBI cewa ba za a fitar da wani bayani ba tare da sammaci ko umarnin kotu ba.Ta kuma jagoranci hukumar kula da dakin karatu ta kada kuri'a don yakar duk wani sammaci a kotu.Lokacin da aka ba da sammacin babban juri,ɗakin karatu ya shirya don ƙalubalantarsa a kotu,kuma aka janye sammacin da sauri. A lokacin,Airoldi ya yi wannan bayani:"Laburai wuri ne da ya kamata mutane su iya neman duk bayanan da suke so ba tare da wata barazanar tsoma bakin gwamnati ba." 

## Kyauta
Airoldi ya sami lambar yabo ta PEN/Newman na Farko na Farko na 2005 don amincewa da wannan aikin.Hakanan an san ma'aikatan Laburare na Deming,suna samun lambar yabo ta 'Yancin Dan Adam a cikin 2005 daga Rundunar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Whatcom County.

## Manazarta
Joan Mondale

**Joan Mondale** (née **Adams** ; Agusta 8,1930 - Fabrairu 3, 2014) ita ce uwargidan Amurka ta biyu daga 1977 har zuwa 1981 a matsayin matar Walter Mondale,mataimakin shugaban Amurka na 42.Ta kasance mai fasaha kuma marubuci kuma ta yi aiki a kan allon kungiyoyi da yawa.Don haɓakar fasaharta,an sanya mata suna **Joan of Art** da ƙauna.

## Iyali da ilimi
An haifi Joan Adams a ranar 8 ga Agusta, 1930, a Eugene, Oregon, daya daga cikin 'ya'ya mata uku na Rev. John Maxwell Adams, minista Presbyterian, da matarsa, tsohon Eleanor Jane Hall.  Ta halarci Makarantar Abokan Media, makarantar Quaker da aka haɗa a Media, Pennsylvania ; makarantar gwamnati a Columbus, Ohio ; sannan daga baya St. Paul Academy da Makarantar Summit a St. Paul, Minnesota . A shekarar 1952, ta sauke karatu a Kwalejin Macalester da ke St. Paul, inda mahaifinta ya yi aiki a matsayin limamin coci, tare da yin digiri na farko a tarihi. Bayan kammala karatun digiri, ta yi aiki a gidan kayan gargajiya na Boston na Fine Arts da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.

Ranar 27 ga Disamba,1955,Joan ta auri lauyan Minneapolis Walter "Fritz" Mondale,wanda ta sadu da ita a .

Ma'auratan sun haifi 'ya'ya uku:

## Manazarta
Annette Curtis Klause

**Annette Curtis Klause** (an haife shi a watan Yuni 20,1953) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce kuma marubuci,ƙwararre a almara na manya.A halin yanzu ita ce mai zaɓen kayan yara don ɗakunan karatu na jama'a na gundumar Montgomery a gundumar Montgomery,Maryland.An haife ta a Bristol,Ingila,yanzu tana zaune a Hyattsville,Maryland tare da mijinta Mark da kuliyoyi.Tana da digiri na farko na Arts a cikin adabin Ingilishi da Jagora na Kimiyyar Laburare daga Jami'ar Maryland,Kwalejin Kwalejin.

## Littafi Mai Tsarki

### Littattafai

* *Kiss ɗin Azurfa* (1990,Delacorte)
* *Asirin Alien* (1993,Delacorte)
* *Blood da Chocolate* (1997,Delacorte)
* *Freaks: Rayuwa a Ciki* (2006, Margaret K. McElderr )

### Sauran wallafe-wallafe

Klause ya ba da gudummawar bitar littafin zuwa *Jaridar Makaranta* daga 1982 zuwa 1994.

## Nassoshi

* 
*
Alice Prochaska

**Alice Prochaska** FRHistS (an haife ta 12 Yuli 1947) tsohuwar ma'aikaciyar ajiya ce kuma ma'aikacin laburare,wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin Pro-mataimakin shugaban Jami'ar Oxford kuma Shugaban Kwalejin Somerville, Oxford,daga 2010 zuwa 2017.

## Sana'a
Alice Prochaska ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Somerville a Jami'ar Oxford kuma ta sami digiri na BA da DPhil a Tarihin Zamani.

Da farko Prochaska ya kasance mai kula da kayan tarihi,sannan kuma ma'aikacin adana kayan tarihi a Ofishin Rubuce-rubucen Jama'a,yanzu The National Archives .Daga 1984 zuwa 1992 ta kasance shugaba kuma mataimakiyar darakta a Cibiyar Nazarin Tarihi ta Jami'ar London .Daga 1992 zuwa 2001 ta kasance Darakta na Tari na Musamman a Laburare na Biritaniya .Daga nan ta zama shugabar ɗakin karatu a Jami'ar Yale,Amurka,daga 2001 zuwa 2010.Ta zama Shugabar Kwalejin Somerville daga 1 Satumba 2010.Kungiyar dalibai ta san ta da suna 'Ali P'.Ta yi murabus ne a karshen wa’adinta na shekara bakwai a watan Agustan 2017.

Prochaska yana da hannu tare da ƙira na Farko na Manhajar Ƙasa don tarihi a cikin United Kingdom a lokacin 1989–90.Ta kasance gwamna a Jami'ar Guildhall ta London,yanzu tana cikin Jami'ar Metropolitan London .Ta jagoranci Majalisar Kasa kan Taskokin Tarihi kuma ta kasance memba na Hukumar Sarauta kan Rubutun Tarihi . Prochaska memba ne na Royal Historical Society kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasa daga 1995 zuwa 1999.A Amurka ta jagoranci Cibiyar Nazarin Laburaren Bincike da kuma kwamitoci da yawa na Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Jami'ar Yale,kuma ta yi lacca a kan batutuwan da suka shafi ɗakunan ajiya da tarawa na musamman.A lokacin da take aiki a Somerville ta yi aiki a matsayin Pro-Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Oxford.Tana shugabantar Sir Winston Churchill Archive Trust.Har ila yau,tana gabatar da laccoci da buga littattafai kan batutuwan da suka shafi al'adun gargajiya da na ƙasa.

Prochaska ɗan'uwan Daraja ne na Kwalejin Somerville.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Alice Prochaska ta auri ɗan tarihi Frank Prochaska.

## Manazarta
Ana Branger

**Ana Luisa de San José Branger Mordaing Long** (An haife ta 17 ga Yuni 1918 - ) mata majagaba ce mai tuƙin jirgin ruwa daga Venezuela.

An haifi Branger a Valencia,Venezuela ga Rafael Enrique Branger Párraga da mahaifiyar Faransa,Madeleine Louise Eugénie Mordaing.   

Ta karɓi lasisinta a cikin 1942 bayan horo a Escuela de Aviación Miguel Rodríguez a Maracay.  A cikin Nuwamba 1939,Mary Calcaño ta zama ɗan ƙasar Venezuela na farko da aka ba da lasisin matukin jirgi,kodayake ta karɓi lasisin daga hukumomin Amurka bayan horo a Long Island,New York.

Branger ita ce mace ta farko da ta kammala digiri daga Michel Rodriguez,makarantar horar da matukan jirgi daya tilo a kasar a shekarun 1940.Ba da daɗewa ba bayan samun lasisinta, ta shiga cikin Centro de Instrucción de Aeronáutica Civil a tashar jirgin saman La Carlota.Ta tashi ba kawai a Venezuela ba har ma a Peru da kuma Amurka inda ta karya tarihin duniya guda biyu.

A cikin 1950,ta karya rikodin tsayin tsayin jirgin sama mai haske, ya kai tsayin ƙafa 24,504 a cikin Cub Special tare da Nahiyar C-90-8F 90&nbsp;injin hp,  ya fi tsayin ƙafafu 18,999 da Elizabeth Boselli ta samu.A shekara mai zuwa, ta sake karya rikodin tsayin tsayi lokacin da ta tashi a ƙafa 28,820, ta karya rikodin René Leduc na ƙafa 25,000.Duk wadannan nasarorin da jaridun kasa da kasa suka yi. 

Ana kuma tunawa da Branger saboda matsayinta na mai kula da al'adu a ofishin jakadancin Venezuela a Washington,DC  

A 1946,ta auri Ba'amurke John Aubrey Long a Rio de Janeiro. 

## Duba kuma

* Luisa Elena Contreras Mattera

## Nassoshi
Alisz Goriupp

**Alisz Goriupp** (wanda kuma aka sani da **Alice Goriupp**, 18 ga Agusta 1894 a Buziásfürdő &#x2013; 4 ga Fabrairu 1979 a Budapest ) ma'aikacin laburare ne dan kasar Hungary,masanin tarihi kuma marubucin littafi.Ta buga kasidu da yawa kan tarihin littafi da sauran fannonin kimiyyar ɗakin karatu .

## Sana'a
A cikin 1916,tare da kasida kan aikin masanin ilimin falsafa Gábor Döbrentei,Goriupp ta sami digiri na uku a Jami'ar Franz Joseph a Kolozsvár,Austria-Hungary. (Biyan Ƙungiyar Transylvania tare da Romania,an san birnin da Cluj,kuma daga baya a matsayin Cluj-Napoca .)

A cikin 1917 Goriupp ya sami difloma don koyar da Hungarian da Jamusanci,bayan ya halarci jami'o'in Vienna da Leipzig a kan tallafin karatu. Bayan haka ta ci gaba da karatunta a Jami'ar Vienna.

A cikin 1917-18 ta koyar da harshen Jamusanci a almatar ta.A cikin 1918 ta fara aiki a matsayin mai horarwa a National Széchényi Library( *Országos Széchényi Könyvtár* )a Budapest kuma a cikin 1922 ta zama mataimakiyar mai kula da ɗakin karatu.Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya ɗakin ɗakin karatu na jarida ba shi da kyau,don haka ta tattara ƙa'idodin kasidar jaridu a shekara ta 1923.Ta ba da umarnin samar da sabon ɗakin ajiya a cikin 1926.A 1928-29 ta yi tafiya zuwa Ostiriya na tsawon shekara guda na kara karatu a ƙasashen waje,kuma a 1935 zuwa Jamus.

Bayan ta yi nazarin sabon tsarin kasida ta ƙasar Jamus da aka gabatar a Berlin,Göttingen,Frankfurt da Darmstadt,ta kafa sabon tsarin kasida a ɗakin karatu na Széchényi na ƙasa a 1936.Sake fasalin ya gabatar da Rarraba Decimal na Duniya kuma ya warware matsalar ƙirƙirar kasida da yawa waɗanda marubuci,take,jigo,da sauransu suka tsara.

A cikin 1944 ta zama manajan tarin ɗakunan karatu na ƙasa,damuwarta ta fi mayar da hankali kan amincin tarin lokacin yaƙi .A cikin 1945 da 1946 ta kasance kayan aiki a cikin sabuntawa da sake tsarawa bayan yakin.

A 1946 ta kafa National Bibliography of Hungary ( *Magyar Nemzeti Bibliográfia* );Ta kasance editan ta har zuwa 1954.Daga 1948 zuwa 1953 ta kasance Ma'aikaciyar Laburare a Jami'ar Eötvös Loránd kuma ta ba da umarni azuzuwan gyare-gyaren kasida da littattafan rubutu.

## Manazarta
Allie Beth Martin

**Allie Beth Martin**(née **Dent** ; Yuni 28, 1914 - Afrilu 11, 1976) ma'aikaciyar ɗakin karatu ce Ba'amurke,malami,ɗan siyasa,kuma marubuci.A cikin 1990,an ba ta suna ɗaya daga cikin mutane 100 da suka fi tasiri a fannin kimiyyar ɗakin karatu na *Library na Amurka*.Ita ce darekta na farko na Laburaren Garin-County na Tulsa,daga 1963 har zuwa mutuwarta,kuma an santa da shirye-shiryen inganta ɗakin karatu na ƙasa.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Martin a Annieville,Arkansas,ranar 28 ga Yuni, 1914,ga Carleton Gayle Dent da Ethel (McCaleb) Dent.Bayan kammala karatun sakandare a 1932,ta ci gaba da samun digiri da yawa.Ta sami BA a cikin harsunan waje & Ingilishi daga Kwalejin Arkansas a 1935 da BS a Kimiyyar Laburare a 1939 daga Kwalejin Peabody. Daga baya ta sami MS a Kimiyyar Laburare a cikin 1949 daga Jami'ar Columbia.

Ta auri Ralph F. Martin,ɗan jarida,a ranar 6 ga Oktoba,1937. 

## Sana'a
Martin ya fara aiki a ƙaramin koleji a Little Rock, Arkansas . Ta shiga Hukumar Laburare ta Arkansas a matsayin mataimakiyar babban sakatare. Ta fara aiki a Laburaren Tulsa a cikin 1949 kuma ta zama darekta na Laburare na Gundumar Tulsa a 1963.Daga baya ta zabi shugaban kwamitin a 1945 kuma ta zama shugabar ALA a 1975. Ta mutu a Tulsa a ranar 11 ga Afrilu, 1976.

## Shirye-shirye
Kamfanin Ilimin Kasa da Kasa na Kasa da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a cikin 1972,Allie Bett Martin ya shirya rahoto ko dakin karatun ya fara amfani da bukatun su. Rahoton,  ya zayyana matakan da ya kamata ɗakunan karatu su ɗauka don canzawa zuwa ƙarni na 21 da kuma ci gaba da canza matsayin ɗakin karatu a cikin al'umma. Bayan yin binciken farko,Martin ya rubuta littafin,*Dabarar Canjin Laburaren Jama'a*,wanda ya haifar da motsi na shirye-shiryen inganta ɗakin karatu a duk faɗin ƙasar.

## Manazarta
Line Bonde

**Line Bonde,** (an haife shi a shekara ta  c.1979) matukin jirgin yaƙi ne na Danish.A watan Yulin 2006,tana da shekaru 27,ta zama mace ta farko da ta zama matukin jirgi mai saukar ungulu dan kasar Denmark,da ke tuka jirgin F-16  

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Bonde a Billund,Jylland,a cikin dangin Danish na gargajiya inda mahaifinta shine babban mai karbar albashi yayin da mahaifiyarta ta yi aiki na rabin lokaci kuma ta kula da gida da 'ya'yanta mata biyu. Yayin da take makaranta,ta kasance kwararren kwararren kwallo, daga baya ta zama daya daga cikin mafi kyau a Denmark.Amma yin iyo bai ishe ta ba.Da zarar ta shiga cikin gwajin gwajin jirgin saman Danish Air Force Hercules,ta san cewa an I addara ta zama matukin jirgi.

Ta fadi jarabawarta ta farko,ba don abubuwan da suka shafi jiki ko na ka'ida ba amma don kawai masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam yayi tunanin cewa ta san kadan game da tashi.Ta dawo bayan shekara guda,inda ta kammala horo na asali a cikin jirgin sama a 2002.Sannan ta yi shekaru biyu a makarantar hafsoshi sannan ta yi watanni 16 a Amurka inda ta samu fikafikanta bayan ta kammala kwas a sansanin sojin sama na Sheppard karkashin shirin horar da jiragen yaki na hadin gwiwa na kasashen Turai danNATo A farkon 2006,ta koma Denmark don yin hidima a sansanin sojojin sama na Fighter Wing Skrydstrup. 

## Nassoshi
Ann Wolpert ne adam wata

**Ann Josephine Wolpert** (Oktoba 1,1943 - Oktoba 2,2013) ma'aikaciyar ɗakin karatu ce Ba'amurke wacce ta kasance majagaba a cikin ɗakunan karatu na dijital. A matsayin darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Fasaha ta Massachusetts daga 1996 zuwa 2013,ta kasance mai mahimmanci a cikin ayyuka daban-daban, ciki har da jagorancin wani shiri tsakanin MIT da Hewlett Packard don haɓaka tsarin ajiyar dijital na DSPace,da kuma goyon bayan MIT OpenCourseWare,ɗaya daga cikin manyan manyan farko na farko. -ayyukan sikeli don ba da damar buɗe kayan kwasa-kwasan jami'a.Ta kuma ba da goyon bayan amincewar MIT na buɗaɗɗen izinin shiga cikin 2009,irinsa na farko a Amurka.

Ta ba da shawara da ba da gudummawa ga ƙungiyoyin manyan ɗakunan karatu da dama da kuma shirye-shiryen da suka nemi sauya yadda cibiyoyin bincike da ɗakunan karatu suke haɗin gwiwa don magance manyan matsaloli.A cikin aikinta,ta yi aiki a kan kwamitocin gudanarwa na Consortium Library na Boston,Hukumar Bincike da Bayanai ta Kasa (BRDI),DuraSpace,da Digital Preservation Network (DPN);a kan kwamitin gudanarwa na Coalition for Networked Information (CNI);a matsayin shugaban majalisa na Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya don Nazarin Siyasa da zamantakewa (ICPSR);kuma ya yi aiki a cikin manyan ayyuka na ba da shawara a cikin sauran ƙungiyoyi da yawa.

## Rayuwa
Wolpert ya sami BA daga Jami'ar Boston da MLS daga Kwalejin Simmons.

Daga 1967 zuwa 1976, ta kasance ma'aikaciyar ɗakin karatu a Hukumar Bunkasa Bunkasa ta Boston. Daga 1976 zuwa 1992,ta yi aiki ga Arthur D. Little .

Daga 1993 zuwa 1995,ta kasance darektan ɗakin karatu da sabis na bayanai,a Makarantar Kasuwancin Harvard .

Daga 1996 zuwa 2013,ta kasance darektan ɗakunan karatu a MIT. A matsayin darektan ɗakunan karatu,Wolpert ya kula da ɗakunan karatu na MIT kuma yana da sa ido kan rahoton MIT Press . Chris Bourg ya karbi aikin a cikin 2015.

A cikin 2005,ta kasance shugabar Ƙungiyar Laburaren Bincike .

## Iyali
Ta auri Samuel A.Otis Jr.

## Kyaututtuka da karramawa
An nada Wolpert zuwa wani yanki na Cibiyar Sadarwar Kasa don Shugabannin Mata a cikin Ilimi mafi girma ta Majalisar Ilimi ta Amurka.

## Manazarta
Alma Dawson

**Alma Dawson** wata ƙwararriyar masaniyar ɗakin karatu ce.Ta yi ritaya a matsayin Russell B.Long Farfesa a Makarantar Library & Science Science,Jami'ar Jihar Louisiana a 2014 kuma an ba ta matsayin Emeritus a 2015.A cikin 2019 Dr.Dawson ya sami karramawa da lambar yabo ta Essae Martha Culver Distinguished Service Award daga Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Louisiana wacce ke girmama ma'aikacin ɗakin karatu wanda sabis na ƙwararru da nasarorin da ya samu,wanda jagoranci a cikin ƙungiyar ta Louisiana,kuma wanda ya cim ma nasarorin rayuwarsa a fagen ƙwarewar karatu a cikin cancantar jihar.sanin darajar musamman ga ɗakin karatu na Louisiana.

Dawson ya sami digiri na BS daga Jami'ar Jihar Grambling a makarantar sakandare kuma ya koyar a Tsarin Makarantun Natchitoches Parish.Ta sami digiri na biyu a ɗakin karatu da kimiyyar bayanai daga Jami'ar Michigan da ke Ann Arbor.Daga nan ta yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar ɗakin karatu a Jami'ar Prairie View A&amp;amp;M.A cikin 1982 ta shiga Makarantar Laburaren Jami'ar Jihar Louisiana a matsayin ɗakin karatu da ɗakin karatu na kimiyyar bayanai.

## Manazarta
Alma Smith Jacobs

**Alma Smith Jacobs** (21 Nuwamba 1916 - 18 Disamba 1997) ita ce Ba'amurke ta farko da ta yi aiki a matsayin Ma'aikacin Laburaren Jihar Montana. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Laburare a Babban Laburaren Jama'a daga 1954 zuwa 1973,kuma a cikin 1973 an sanya wa suna Montana State Labrarian,tana aiki har zuwa 1981.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Alma Smith a Lewistown,Montana, 'yar Martin Luther da Emma Smith.Ta ƙaura tare da danginta zuwa Great Falls,Montana, a cikin 1923.Bayan ta sami digiri na farko a fannin ilimin zamantakewa daga Kwalejin Talladega a Alabama a 1938,ta yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar ɗakin karatu ta tafi da gidanka a duk faɗin kudu.A cikin 1942,ta sami digiri na farko a kimiyyar laburare daga Jami'ar Columbia,kuma ta zama Mataimakiyar Librarian a Kwalejin Talladega.A cikin 1946,ta koma Great Falls,don yin aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar laburare a Babban Laburaren Jama'a.A cikin 1954,an ƙara mata matsayin shugaban ɗakin karatu/darektan hidima har zuwa 1973. Ita ce ta jagoranci gina ɗakin karatu na zamani na birni a cikin 1967,da haɓakawa da haɓaka shirin hidimar ɗakin karatu na karkara a cikin Montana.A cikin 1973,an zaɓe ta a matsayin Ma'aikaciyar Laburare ta Jihar Montanainda ta taka rawar gani wajen haɓaka ƙungiyoyin ɗakin karatu a Montana.Ta zama shugabar Ba’amurke ta farko ta Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Montana,shugabar Ba’amurke ta farko ta Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Pacific Northwest,kuma Montan ta farko da ta yi aiki a kwamitin zartarwa na Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Amurka. Baya ga aikinta a madadin dakunan karatu,Jacobs ta kasance jagora a ayyukan kare hakkin jama'a a ko'ina cikin Montana.Ta yi aiki a kan Babban Falls Interracial Council,tana aiki don wargaza shingen launin fata a cikin al'umma da kuma ma'aikatan jirgin sama a Malmstrom Air Force Base.Ta kasance mai aiki a Kwamitin Ba da Shawarar Montana ga Hukumar Kare Haƙƙin Bil Adama ta Amurka kuma ta kafa kwamitin Montana don 'Yan Adam.

Ta kasance mai ƙwazo a Cocin Union Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church,ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Mata masu launi na Montana,kuma ta kasance memba na hukumar ta ƙasa na Ƙungiyar Matan Cocin United .A cikin 1999,Babban Falls Tribune mai suna Alma Jacobs daya daga cikin manyan Montanans 100 a cikin karni na 20,kuma a cikin 2010,*Babban Falls Tribune* ya kira Alma Jacobs daya daga cikin manyan 125 Montana Newsmakers. 

A cikin Yuni 2009,birnin Great Falls ya yi shelar *Alma Smith Jacobs Week*,kuma Babban Laburaren Jama'a na Babban Falls ya keɓe wani sabon filin wasa mai suna *The Alma Jacobs Memorial Plaza,*yana ambaton ta a matsayin "ma'aikacin ɗakin karatu na musamman da shugaban al'umma." 

A cikin 2016,an ba ta suna zuwa Gidan Capitol na Jiha na Fitattun Montanans.

A cikin 2017,an sadaukar da wani bangon bango na Alma a gefen Babban Laburaren Jama'a na Babban Falls,wanda Jim DeStaffany da Andrew Fowler suka zana.

## Manazarta
Makabartar Fatakwal

**Makabartar Fatakwal** mallakar birnin ce kuma makabartar jama'a da ke kan titin Aggrey a gundumar Old Township na Fatakwal, babban birnin jihar Rivers. Ita ce maƙabarta mafi daɗewa da har yanzu ake amfani da ita a cikin birnin kuma ta yi fice a matsayin wurin binne ɗan gwagwarmaya Ken Saro-Wiwa da wasu abokansa ƴan kungiyar Ogoni Nine. Har ila yau, ta ƙunshi jana'izar sojojin gama gari guda ɗaya na Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. 

## Interments

* Ken Saro-Wiwa (1941–1995), marubuci kuma mai fafutuka
* Mike Lloyd Toku (1993-2012)
* Stephen Edward Murray-Bruce (1939-2013)

## Duba kuma

* Jerin makabartu a Najeriya

## Manazarta
Asibitin Kelsey Harrison

**Asibitin Kelsey Harrison**, Asibiti ne mallakar Jiha a Fatakwal, babban birnin jihar Ribas. Tun da farko ana kiransa **New Niger Hospital** kuma haka ake kiransa har zuwa shekarar 2009 lokacin da aka gyara shi aka kuma sanya masa sunan Farfesa, Kelsey Harrison, mashahurin farfesa a fannin mata masu ciki da mata a duniya. An buɗe wurin a hukumance ga jama'a a cikin watan Janairun, 2013. 

## Wuri
Hedikwatar asibitin na a Emenike Street, Diobu, Asibitin Kelsey Harrison na bayar da ayyukan; kiwon lafiya, na haihuwa, haɗari da gaggawa, likitan yara, hoto na bincike, kulawar jarirai da kuma ayyukan tiyata na yau da kullun ga masu amfani da shi. A halin yanzu, asibitin na da gadaje kusan 150 na marasa lafiya kuma Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Duniya (ITCC) ce ke kula da shi.  

A ranar 7 ga Maris 2013, Asibitin Kelsey Harrison ya yi nasarar wajen haihuwar jaririya a karon farko tun lokacin da aka yi wani babban aikin inganta asibitin. Yarinya ce mai nauyin kilogiram 3.4 mai suna Judith Obilor.

## Duba kuma

* Jerin asibitocin Fatakwal

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Emarid

**Kwalejin Emirid** cibiya ce mai zaman kanta ta Kirista. An kafa Kwalejin Emirid a watan Satumba 1992. Makarantar tana da cibiyoyin karatunta a cikin garin Fatakwal da Igwuruta a Najeriya.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
*