Rose Scott

**Rose Scott** (8 Oktoba 1847 - 20 Afrilu 1925) yar fafutukar kare hakkin mata ta Australiya ce wacce ta ba da shawarar zaɓen mata da zaɓe na duniya a New South Wales a ƙarshen karni na ashirin. Ta kafa Kungiyar Ilimin Siyasa ta Mata a shekarar 1902 wacce ta yi yakin neman zabe cikin nasara wajen daukaka shekarun yarda zuwa sha shida.

Scott ita ce 'yar Helenus Scott (1802-1879) da Sarah Ann Scott (née Rusden) aka Saranna, [1] ta biyar cikin yara takwas, kuma jikanyar Helenus Scott (1760-1821), likitan Scotland. 'Yan uwanta sune masu ilimin halitta Harriet Morgan (née Scott) da Helena Scott . Ta yi karatu a gida tare da 'yar uwarta Augusta. Tun tana ƙarami, Rose Scott ya rinjayi rashin adalcin da ta gani ga mata a tarihi da wallafe-wallafe kamar Joan na Arc da Katherina Minola a cikin Taming na Shrew . [2]

## Hakkokin mata aiki
Scott da gaske ɗan ɗaiɗai ne, amma ba akidar akida ba, kuma ana iya bayyana shi a matsayin mai bin ra'ayin sassaucin ra'ayi na John Stuart Mill . Ta kasance mai amfani a cikin hangen nesa, ' yar kasuwa mai 'yanci, mai son zaman lafiya kuma mai tsananin goyon bayan 'yancin mata.

A shekara ta 1882, Scott ta fara gudanar da Salon mako-mako a gidanta na Sydney. Ta hanyar waɗannan tarurruka, ta zama sananniya tsakanin 'yan siyasa, alƙalai, masu ba da agaji, marubuta da mawaƙa. A shekara ta 1889, ta taimaka wajen kafa kungiyar mata ta wallafe-wallafen, wacce ta girma a cikin Ƙungiyar Mata ta New South Wales a shekara ta 1891. Yin magana a taron kwamitin ya ba ta amincewa, kuma daga ƙarshe ta zama mai magana da yawun jama'a. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1892 ta shiga cikin muhawara ta jama'a tare da 'yar'uwarta Eliza Ashton game da ra'ayoyin Ashton game le aure.

Mahaifiyar Scott ta mutu a shekara ta 1896, kuma an bar ta da gida da isasshen kudin shiga don bukatunta. Sha'awar da ta yi wa mata ya sa aka yi nazari sosai a kan matsayin mata a cikin al'umma, ta gano cewa 'yan mata suna aiki a shaguna daga karfe 8 na safe zuwa 9 na dare a ranakun yau da kullun, kuma har zuwa karfe 11 na dare a ranar Asabar. An bukaci wasu daga cikin wadannan ‘yan matan da su zo gidanta a ranar Asabar kuma su bayyana yanayin da suka yi aiki, kuma a can ne manyan ‘yan siyasa irin su Bernhard Wise, William Holman, WM Hughes da Thomas Bavin suka hadu suka tattauna batun daftarin kudirin da ya zama farkon rufewar shekara ta 1899.

Sauran gyare-gyaren da aka ba da shawarar, kuma daga karshe aka aiwatar, sun hada da nadin mata a ofisoshin 'yan sanda da na mata masu duba masana'antu da shaguna, da kuma inganta yanayin fursunonin mata. A cikin 1900 ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin masu rattaba hannu tare da Louisa Macdonald, Helen McMillan, Dora Elizabeth Armitage, Zara Aronson (da sauransu) na wata wasika da Majalisar Mata ta Kasa ta aiko. Sun ja hankalin hukumomi kan nasarar da mata suka samu a matsayin masu kula da tsaftar muhalli a Ingila. Thomas Orme Dudfield ne ya naɗa su kuma sun ba da shawarar cewa Sydney ta bi ja-gorarsa. [1]

Scott ta kafa kuma ta zama shugabar farko ta Ƙungiyar Ilimin Siyasa ta Mata a 1902, matsayin da ta riƙe har zuwa 1910.  Ƙungiyar ta kafa rassa a ko'ina cikin jihar kuma ta ci gaba da yin kamfen don batun mafi kusa da zuciyar Scott: haɓaka shekarun yarda daga 14 zuwa 16, wanda aka samu a 1910 tare da Dokar Laifukan (Kariyar 'Yan Mata).  Ita ce shugabar reshen Sydney na London Peace Society daga kafuwarta a 1907 zuwa 1916, lokacin da ta sauka, William Cooper ya gaje shi.  Sauran kamfen na sake fasalin mata bayan zaben da ta shiga sun haɗa da Kulawar Iyali da Kula da Jarirai (1916), Matsayin Shari'a na Mata (1918) da Masu Laifin Farko (Mata) 1918 Ayyukan Manzanni.

Har ila yau, ta kasance, na shekaru da yawa, sakatariya ta kasa da kasa na Majalisar Mata ta kasa a New South Wales. Lokacin da ta yi ritaya a shekara ta 1921, an ba ta kyautar kuɗi wanda ta yi amfani da ita don samun lambar yabo ga dalibai mata na shari'a, *Kyautar Rose Scott don Ƙwarewa a Graduation*  *ta 'yar takarar mace*, a Jami'ar Sydney. An yi wani biyan kuɗi don sa hotonta ya zana ta John Longstaff . Wannan yanzu yana rataye a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo a Sydney. Scott ya yi adawa da Tarayya da shiga aikin soja . Ta kasance Anglican  mai son zaman lafiya. 

## Adawa ga Tarayya
A ƙarshen 1890s Scott ya kasance mai himma kuma babban abokin adawar dalilin Tarayyar. Dalilin shi ne, in ji ta, 'mafi girman haɗari da ya taɓa yin barazana ga Ostiraliya'. 'Kukan hadin kai ne', in ji ta ga dimbin jama'a, 'amma an manta cewa an aikata laifuka da yawa da sunan'. Ta bi diddigin ra'ayin jama'a a fili ga Tarayya zuwa 'yancin mutanen Ostiraliya' da aka samu 'cikin sauƙi, don haka ba a daraja su ba'. 

## Mutuwa
Ta mutu daga ciwon daji a ranar 20 ga Afrilu 1925 a gidanta, Lynton, a Jersey Road, Woollahra . 

Rose Scott Circuit, a cikin yankin Canberra na Chisholm, ana kiranta da girmamawarta. 

## Bayanan kula
 

## Tushe

* Allen, Judith A. Rose Scott: hangen nesa da bita a cikin mata. Oxford University Press, 1994. 
* National Library of Ostiraliya. Scott, Rose (1847-1925). The National Library of Ostiraliya's Federation Gateway
* Laburaren Jiha na New South Wales. Takardun dangin Scott, 1777-1925 (ML MSS 38)

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Scott, Rose at The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia