Barry Humphries

**John Barry Humphries** AC CBE (17 ga Fabrairu 1934 - 22 ga Afrilu 2023) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Australiya, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, marubuci kuma mai ba da labari. An fi saninsa da rubuce-rubuce da kuma buga wasan kwaikwayo da talabijin Dame Edna Everage da Sir Les Patterson . Ya bayyana a cikin shirye-shiryen mataki da yawa, fina-finai da shirye-shirye na talabijin.

Halin Humphries ya kawo masa shahara a duniya. Asalin da aka ɗauka a matsayin uwar gida ta Moonee Ponds wacce ta yi wahayi zuwa ga rashin jin daɗi da rashin jin daɗinsa a cikin birni na Australiya, halin Dame Edna Everage ya zama satire na shahararren: mai ado mai kyau, mai magana da acid, mai son kai, mai cin gashin kansa, wanda aka yi bikin "uwar gida gigastar" a duniya. Sauran halayen satirical sun haɗa da "mai ba da gudummawa da mashahuriyar al'adu" Sir Les Patterson, wanda "ya ci gaba da kawo rashin amincewa a duniya a kan zane-zane da al'adun Australiya, yayin da yake ba da gudana sosai ga yaren Australiya kamar yadda ya aro daga gare ta";  mai kirki, kakan "mai dawowa" Sandy Stone; mai yin fim na karkashin kasa na shekarun 1960 Martin Agrippa; Paddington masanin ilimin zamantakewa Neil Singleton; mai cinikayya mai suna Sleazy trade-union Lance Boyle Oconry ya gaza; babban mai suna Owen's tyggor; babban mai cinikin mai suna Moreture;

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Humphries a ranar 17 ga Fabrairu 1934 a unguwar Kew a Melbourne, Victoria, [1] ɗan Eric Humphries (an haife shi John Albert Eric Humphris) (1905-1972), manajan gini, da matarsa Louisa Agnes (an haifi Brown) (1907-1984). [2] Kakansa John George Humphries ya kasance mai ƙaura zuwa Ostiraliya daga Manchester, Ingila, a ƙarshen 1800s. Mahaifinsa yana da wadata, kuma Barry ya girma a cikin "gidan da ke kusa da gari mai tsabta, mai ɗanɗano, da na zamani" a kan titin Christowel, Camberwell, [1] sannan ɗayan sabbin "gidan lambu" na Melbourne. Rayuwarsa ta farko ta gida ta kafa tsari don aikinsa na ƙarshe; mahaifinsa musamman ya kwashe ɗan lokaci kaɗan tare da shi, kuma Humphries ya kwashe sa'o'i yana wasa a cikin ado a cikin lambun baya.

Iyayensa sun ba shi lakabi "Sunny Sam", kuma tun yana yaro yana farin ciki kuma ba shi da matsala. Koyaya, a lokacin da yake matashi, Humphries ya fara tawaye da tsananin rayuwar birni ta al'ada ta hanyar zama "na fasaha", abin takaici ga iyayensa, waɗanda, duk da wadatarsu, ba su amince da "art" ba. Wani muhimmin abu ya faru ne lokacin da yake dan shekara tara - mahaifiyarsa ta ba da dukkan littattafansa ga Sojojin Ceto, da farin ciki ta bayyana cewa: "Amma kun karanta su, Barry. "  Humphries ya amsa ta hanyar zama mai karatu mai son karatu, mai tara littattafai masu ban sha'awa, mai zane, mai sha'awar wasan kwaikwayo da kuma surrealist. Da yake sanye da baƙar fata, baƙar fata da idanu masu rufe fuska, ya kirkiro halinsa na farko, "Dr Aaron Azimuth", wakili mai tayar da hankali, dandy da Dadaist.

### Ilimi
An fara karatunsa a makarantar Camberwell Grammar School, an ba Humphries matsayi a cikin tashar nasarar makarantar. Yayinda kasuwancin gine-ginen mahaifinsa ya bunƙasa, an tura Humphries zuwa Makarantar Grammar ta Melbourne, inda ya yi watsi da wasanni, ya ƙi lissafi, ya ɓoye cadets "bisa ga ƙin yarda da lamiri" kuma ya yi rajista tare da sakamako mai ƙarfi a Turanci da fasaha. Humphries ya bayyana wannan makaranta, a cikin shigarwar Who's Who, a matsayin "mai koyar da kansa, ya halarci Makarantar Gramma ta Melbourne".

Humphries ya shafe shekaru biyu yana karatu a Jami'ar Melbourne, inda ya yi karatun doka, falsafar da zane-zane. A wannan lokacin, ya kasance mai zaman kansa a cikin Jami'ar Melbourne Regiment,  yana aiki na wani lokaci na hidimar ƙasa a cikin Sojojin Sojojin Australiya. Bai kammala karatu daga jami'a ba (ko da yake zai sami digiri na girmamawa kusan shekaru 50 bayan haka).  A wannan lokacin ya zama mai bin ƙungiyar fasaha mai banƙyama, Dada . 

Ayyukan Dadaist da wasan kwaikwayon da ya hau a Melbourne gwaje-gwaje ne a cikin rikici da kuma satire na gani waɗanda suka zama wani ɓangare na al'adun Australiya. Wani nuni mai taken "Pus in Boots" ya kunshi takalma biyu na Wellington cike da custard; wani samfurin maganin kashe kwari mai suna "Platytox" ya yi iƙirarin a kan akwatinsa ya zama mai tasiri a kan platypus, ƙaunataccen jinsin da aka kiyaye a Ostiraliya. Ya kasance daga cikin ƙungiyar da ta yi jerin rikodin tasirin Dada a Melbourne daga 1952 zuwa 1953. "Wubbo Music" (Humphries ya ce "wubbo" kalma ce ta asalin ƙasar da ke nufin "babu wani abu") ana zaton tana ɗaya daga cikin rikodin farko na kiɗa na gwaji a Ostiraliya. Sauran nune-nunen da kungiyar ta hau sun hada da "Creche Bang", wani pram da aka rufe da nama da "Eye and Spoon Race", cokali tare da idon tumaki.

## Ayyuka

### Ayyukan farko a Ostiraliya
Humphries ya rubuta kuma ya yi waƙoƙi da zane-zane a cikin sake dubawa na jami'a, don haka bayan ya bar jami'a ya shiga sabuwar kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na Melbourne (MTC). A wannan lokacin ne ya kirkiro jiki na farko na abin da ya zama sanannen halinsa, Edna Everage . Shirin mataki na farko don nuna Mrs. Norm Everage, wanda ake kira "Olympic Hostess", an fara shi ne a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Union na Jami'ar Melbourne a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1955. 

A cikin tarihin rayuwarsa mai lambar yabo, More Please (1992), Humphries ya ba da labarin cewa ya halicci wani hali mai kama da Edna a bayan bas yayin da yake yawon shakatawa a ƙasar Victoria tare da Twelfth Night tare da MTC yana da shekaru 20. Ya yaba wa mai ba da shawara a lokacin, Peter O'Shaughnessy, yana mai cewa, ba tare da "numi da gabatarwa ba, halin Edna Everage da za a shawo kansa a cikin bud bayan 1956 kuma ba zai taɓa yin fure ba, yayin da halin Sandy Stone ba zai taɓa kasancewa a matsayin kasancewar a kan mataki ba. "

A shekara ta 1957, Humphries ya koma Sydney kuma ya shiga Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Phillip Street na Sydney, wanda ya zama babban wurin shakatawa na Australia don sake dubawa da wasan kwaikwayo na satirical a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa. Farkon bayyanarsa a Phillip Street ya kasance a cikin satirical revue Two to One, tare da tsohuwar tauraron kiɗa na Australiya Max Oldaker, tare da simintin da suka hada da Humphries da kuma tauraron lamba 96 na gaba Wendy Blacklock . Kodayake da farko ya ɗauka bayyanar Edna ta farko a Melbourne za ta kasance sau ɗaya, Humphries ya yanke shawarar farfado da "Olympic Hostess" don Phillip Street kuma nasararsa ta taimaka wajen ƙaddamar da abin da ya zama aikin shekaru hamsin ga mai kiran kansa "Housewife Superstar" (daga baya Megastar, sannan Gigastar). 

### Matsayin fim