Chibli Mallat

**Chibli Mallat** (an haife shi a watan Mayu 10, shekara ta  1960) lauya ne na ƙasar Lebanon, masanin shari'a, kuma tsohon ɗan takarar shugaban ƙasa a Lebanon .

## Sana'a

### Lauya kuma farfesan shari'a
A cikin aikinsa na shari'a, an fi saninsa da gabatar da shari'ar waɗanda aka azabtar da Sabra da Shatila v. Ariel Sharon et al., ƙarƙashin dokar ikon duniya a Belgium, inda abokan cinikinsa suka sami nasara a kan 12 Fabrairu 2003 a kan wanda ake tuhuma a gabanin. wani sauyi a dokar Belgium ya kawar da ikon kotun.  Sauran shari’o’in da ya biyo baya sun hada da wanda ya shafi Saddam Hussein, wanda shi ne abin yakin duniya da Mallat ya kaddamar a shekarar 1995 tare da jami’ai a Kuwait, London da Washington wanda ya zama INDICT, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da ya taimaka aka samu a Biritaniya a 1996. A shekara ta 1998, INDICT ta sami goyon baya a fili a cikin Majalisar Dokokin Amurka da a Majalisar Biritaniya, kuma Shugaban Amurka Bill Clinton na lokacin da Firayim Ministan Burtaniya Tony Blair suka karbe shi.  Yaƙin neman zaɓe ya kafa tushen shari'ar Saddam Hussein a Belgium a shekara ta 2002, da kuma shari'ar da aka yi masa a Iraki a shekara ta 2005. An ci gaba da shari'a ta uku kan Muammar Gaddafi a kotunan birnin Beirut kan iyalan shugaban kungiyar Shi'a mai dimbin tarihi Musa al-Sadr da sahabbansa guda biyu, dan jarida Abbas Badreddin da kuma malamin addini Muhammad Ya'qub, wadanda suka bace a kasar Libya kan jami'ansu. Gayyatar Gaddafi a watan Agusta 1978.  Mallat ya kuma taimaka wajen kafa ofishin yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya na Amnesty International a Beirut a cikin 1999 wanda kamfanin lauyoyinsa ke aiki tun a matsayin lauya. Da farko dai karkashin jagorancin daraktoci Kamel Labidi da Ahmad Karaoud, wadanda dukkansu tsoffin fursunonin ra'ayi ne a Tunisiya, ofishin yankin ya kafa wani misali mai ban sha'awa ga ɗimbin ƙungiyoyin jama'a a Gabas ta Tsakiya da ke mai da hankali kan haɓaka haƙƙin ɗan adam, tantancewa, da kuma kawar da ayyukan ta'addanci. hukuncin kisa.

Mahaifinsa Wajdi Mallat ne ya kafa shi a Beirut a cikin 1949, Mallat Law Offices na ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin kamfanonin lauyoyi a Gabas ta Tsakiya, waɗanda aka amince da su don samun nasarori masu mahimmanci a cikin ƙarar cikin gida, gami da gado da kadarori, gudanarwa, da dokar kasuwanci.  An ci gaba da wannan al'ada kuma an haɓaka ta a duniya bayan dawowar Mallat Beirut daga London a 1995. Baya ga wadanda aka yi wa manyan laifuka, abokan huldar kamfanin sun hada da gwamnatoci, ofisoshin jakadanci, kamfanoni na kasa da kasa da shugabannin kasuwanci da na siyasa.

### Aikin ilimi
Mallat wanda ya yi karatu a kasar Lebanon da Amurka da Turai, ya sami digirin digirgir ne a bangaren shari'a na Makarantar Koyon Gabas da Afirka (SOAS) na Jami'ar London a shekarar 1990. Ya rike mukamin bincike da koyarwa a Jami'ar California Berkeley School of Law (Boalt Hall) a shekarar 1984-85 da kuma Makarantar Nazarin Gabas da Afirka, inda a matsayinsa na malami a fannin Shari'ar Musulunci ya samu mukaminsa na farko a shekarar 1992. Ya koyar a Jami'ar Musulunci da ke Lebanon a 1995-96, kuma sau biyu yana ziyartar Farfesa a Jami'ar Lyon da Jami'ar Virginia School of Law . Ya kuma kasance Babban Jami'in Schell a Cibiyar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam ta Duniya ta Makarantar Yale Law kuma masanin Kluge a Laburare na Majalisa . A cikin 2000, ya sami digiri na farfesa a Jami'ar Saint Joseph (USJ) a Lebanon kuma an nada shi shekara guda zuwa ga Shugaban EU Jean Monnet na farko a Dokar Turai  a Gabas ta Tsakiya. A cikin 2004, Hukumar EU ta ba da lakabin 'Cibiyar Kyau' ga Shugaban kuma Babban Darakta na Ilimi da Al'adu a Hukumar EU ta girmama shi a matsayin 'Labarin Nasara' a 2007. 

A cikin 2006-2007, ya yi shekara guda a Jami'ar Princeton inda ya kasance Farfesa mai ziyara  Archived   a Makarantar Woodrow Wilson, Fellow in the Program in Law and Public Affairs, Fellow in the University Center for Human Values, Fellow in the Program in International and Regional Studies and a Distinguitted Visitor in the Bobst Center for Peace and Justice. Farfesan Siyasa da Shari'a na Gabas ta Tsakiya tun daga 2007 kuma Farfesan Shugaban kasa tun 2009, an nada Mallat a cikin 2011 Mallakin Masallatan Harami guda biyu da ke ziyartar Farfesa na Nazarin Shari'ar Musulunci a Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard . Ya koyar a Fall 2012 a Yale Law School a matsayin Visiting Professor of Law da Oscar M. Ruebhausen Babban Fellow. A cikin bazara 2015, ya kasance malami mai ziyara a Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales  (EHESS) a Paris. A cikin 2017, ya yi murabus a matsayinsa na cikakken lokaci a Jami'ar Saint Joseph da kuma Jami'ar Utah, amma ya ci gaba da zama a Jami'ar Utah ta tsangayar shari'a a matsayin Emeritus Shugaban Farfesa na Law.

A cikin 2023, an gayyace shi azaman babban ɗan'uwa mai ziyara a makarantar shari'a ta Kimiyya-Po https://www.sciencespo.fr/ecole-de-droit/fr/content/chercheurs-invites.html a Paris don haɓaka aikinsa akan dokar tsarin mulki kwatankwacin.

### Hakkokin dan Adam da siyasa
Mallat ya kasance mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam da bayar da shawarwarin dimokuradiyya tun lokacin karatunsa na sakandare. Babban abin da ya fi mayar da hankali a kai tun 1982 shi ne Iraki a matsayin mabuɗin samun sauyi a Gabas ta Tsakiya, kuma ya kafa kwamitin kasa da kasa don 'yantar da Iraki (ICFI) a 1991 tare da Edward Mortimer da Ahmad Chalabi don neman kawo karshen mulkin kama-karya a Bagadaza.  ICFI ta tattaro kimanin mutane dari na Iraqi da na kasa da kasa, ciki har da manyan Sanatocin Amurka kamar Claiborne Pell, a lokacin shugaban kwamitin kula da harkokin waje na majalisar dattijai, da John McCain, da kuma dan majalisar Birtaniya David Howell, a lokacin shugaban kwamitin zaɓe kan harkokin waje., da kuma manyan larabawa masu daraja irin su Saad Eddin Ibrahim da Adonis, duba Adunis .  Yawancin mambobin kwamitin na Iraki sun zama shugabannin Iraki bayan kawo karshen mulkin kama-karya na Baath a shekara ta 2003, ciki har da Mohammed Bahr al-Uloum a matsayin shugaban majalisar mulkin Iraki na farko, Jalal Talibani a matsayin shugaban kasa da Hoshyar Zebari a matsayin ministan harkokin waje. Mallat ya yi adawa da mamayewar da Amurka ke jagoranta,  kuma ya nemi goyon bayan Mataimakin Sakataren Tsaron Amurka na lokacin Paul Wolfowitz da wani kuduri na kwamitin sulhu wanda zai ayyana shugabancin Saddam Hussein a matsayin halas kuma ya ba da shawarar tura jami'an sa ido na kare hakkin bil'adama a Iraki. a lokacin mika mulki ga dimokradiyya. 

Ya ziyarci Iraki a karshen shekara ta 2003 da kuma a farkon 2004 don hanzarta amincewa da majalisar gudanarwar Iraki a matsayin gwamnatin Iraki, matakin da Paul Bremer da Kofi Annan suka yi na adawa da shi.  A shekara ta 2005, ya ki amsa gayyatar da gwamnatin Iraqi ta yi masa na shugabancin kotun da a karshe ta gurfanar da Saddam Hussein. A cikin 2008-10, Mallat ya kasance babban mashawarcin shari'a ga Ayyukan Adalci na Duniya: Iraki , wanda ya fara tare da Hiram Chodosh, shugaban makarantar shari'a a Jami'ar Utah. Tawagar manyan malaman da ke aiki a matsayin mai binciken shari'a a Bagadaza, sun shawarci gwamnatin Iraki kan dokoki, nazarin tsarin mulki, da yarjejeniyoyin. An gayyaci Mallat ya zauna a kwamitin duba kundin tsarin mulkin da Humam Hamoudi ya jagoranta, kuma ya kammala wa kwamitin gyaran kundin tsarin mulkin a watan Oktoban 2009. A lokacin rani na 2014, ya taimaki shugaban Iraqi Fouad Masum da shugaban majalisar dokoki Salim al-Jabouri gina hujjar kundin tsarin mulki wanda ya kawo karshen mukamin Firayim Minista na Nouri al-Maliki .  A cikin 2016, ya taimaka wajen samun 'yan Adam na Labanon, yana shirya zanga-zangar yau da kullun a tsakiyar Beirut don kawo ƙarshen rashin shugabanci da sunan Kundin Tsarin Mulki. 

### yakin neman zaben shugaban kasa
A kasarsa ta Lebanon, Mallat ya tsaya takarar shugaban kasa a shekara ta 2005-2006 a wani kalubale da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba ga mai ci Emile Lahoud, wanda ya dogara ga gwamnatin Damascus na Bashar al-Asad don tilasta wa'adinsa ba bisa ka'ida ba. A lokacin juyin juya halin Cedar wanda ya haifar da kisan babban abokin adawar shugaban kasa, Rafiq al-Hariri, Mallat ya kasance mai fafutuka a cikin zanga-zangar tituna da kuma jagoranci,  inda shawararsa ta tsakiya ita ce kafa wata kotun kasa da kasa, mai hade da juna don kamawa. da kuma gwada wadanda suka kashe Hariri da kuma wasu da dama da aka kashe - a karshe aka fi sani da kotun musamman ta Lebanon, da kuma cire 'shugaban da aka tilastawa' daga iko. An kaddamar da yakin neman  a watan Nuwamba 2005 don tura juyin juya halin da ba shi da alkibla zuwa ga aikin sa na zahiri a cikin shugabancin 'wanda yayi kama da mutanen da suka yi shi.' 

Wasu suna musunta a matsayin 'quixotic',  an karɓi yaƙin neman zaɓe a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na gida, yanki da na duniya a matsayin ci gaba ga dimokuradiyyar Larabawa a kai tsaye, ƙalubalen da ba na tashin hankali na tushen mutane ga masu mulkin kama karya na rayuwa.  A cikin tsawon watanni bakwai, tawagar Mallat ta kai sakonta zuwa garuruwa da kauyuka da dama na Lebanon, kuma sun sami goyan bayan taron da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba na al'ummar Lebanon, musamman a Amurka. Bangaren kasa da kasa, yakin neman zaben ya kare ne a cikin sanarwar shugaban kwamitin sulhu wanda ya yi watsi da halaccin Emile Lahoud, kuma aka fassara shi a wani babban taron jama'a a ranar 14 ga Maris 2006 tare da taken guda daya: 'Lahoud dole ya tafi'.  A matsayinsa na 'mafi tsaran gine-gine' na mutuwar Lahoud,  Mallat ya shiga tare da jagorancin haɗin gwiwar 14 ga Maris don haɓaka tsarin tsarin mulki, shirinsa na rashin tashin hankali don maye gurbin Lahoud ta hanyar zababben shugaban ƙasa.  Da rikicin siyasa da ya biyo baya, Mallat ya yi hasashen wani sabon tashin hankalin da zai barke a kasar. 

Lokacin da Hizbullah ta haifar da yaƙi da Isra'ila a ranar 12 ga Yuli 2006, Mallat ya tilasta wa ya katse yakin da yake yi a ƙasa. Ya yi tir da harin na Hizbullah, ya kuma yi muhawara da wakilinta na harkokin wajen ta talabijin a tsakiyar tashin bama-bamai. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan tsagaita wutar, wanda ya taimaka wa injiniya ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa tare da mukaddashin ministan harkokin waje na gwamnatin Lebanon, ya karɓi tayin da jami'ar Princeton ta yi masa ya tafi Amurka tare da danginsa. A Princeton, ya kammala littattafai shida, ciki har da biyu akan yakin. 

A cikin 2023, shugaban na Lebanon Walid Jumblat ya gabatar da sunansa akai-akai don neman shugabancin Lebanon, https://www.elnashra.com/news/show/1614152/%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B7-%D8%A5%D8%B0%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7-%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%AE%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%82%D9%87-%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%B5%D9%84-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A1-%D8%A5%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%82 yana ba da hujjarsa ga matasa, kwarewarsa a fannin doka da tattalin arziki, da nasarorin da ya samu a shari'a. https://www.alqabas.com/article/5908398-%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B7-%D9%84%D9%80-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7-%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A5%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%B7

### Juyin Juyin Juya Halin Gabas Ta Tsakiya
Mallat ya kasance mai himma ga dimokuradiyyar Gabas ta Tsakiya a matsayin malami kuma mai fafutuka. Don neman canji mai tsattsauran ra'ayi, ya kafa a cikin 2009 Right to Nonviolence  Archived   , wata kungiya mai zaman kanta ta kasa da kasa da ke ba da shawarwari da goyon bayan rashin tashin hankali, sake fasalin tsarin mulki da lissafin shari'a. Haƙƙin hana tashin hankali ya kasance yana aiki a cikin rikicin Larabawa, wanda Mallat ya fi so ya kira 'Juyin Juyin Juyin Halittar Gabas ta Tsakiya' don mamaye Isra'ila da Iran.  A matsayinsa na masani kan tsarin mulki, ya taimaka da gyare-gyaren kundin tsarin mulki na farko a Masar bayan hambarar da Husni Mubarak .  A cikin Fabrairun 2011, shugabanni da 'yan adawa na Bahrain, da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, sun nemi ya taimaka a yunƙurin fara aiwatar da harkokin siyasa ta hanyar samar da takardar 'Zaɓuɓɓukan Tsarin Mulki'.  A cikin karuwar tashin hankali a kan titi, masu tsattsauran ra'ayi a cikin gwamnati sun yanke shawarar yin duk wani danniya na juyin juya halin lu'u-lu'u . Tafiya zuwa Manama don sake fara tattaunawa ya katse a ranar 13 ga Maris 2011 yayin da yake shiga jirgin.  Ya ziyarci Libya da Yemen a lokacin rani na 2013 kuma ya taimaka wa jakadun Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na musamman, Tarek Mitri da Jamal Benomar, kan batutuwan da suka shafi kundin tsarin mulki da kuma tabbatar da gaskiya.

A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, Mallat ya haɓaka ka'idar rashin tashin hankali haɗe da aikinsa na lauya mai neman adalci kan manyan laifuffukan siyasa waɗanda aka sani da laifuffukan cin zarafin ɗan adam . Baya ga shari'ar da aka yi wa Sharon, wanda ya nuna a karon farko ga Larabawa da masu sauraro na duniya cewa rashin tashin hankali na iya zama kayan aiki mafi tasiri fiye da yaki, ya taimaka wajen fadada fannin shari'a a matsayin wata hanya mai mahimmanci ga wadanda abin ya shafa su tsaya tsayin daka. masu mulkin kama karya kuma a kawo musu hisabi. Tare da matakin kasa da kasa kan Saddam Hussein, Muammar Gaddafi, Omar Bashir ya haifar da tabbataccen sakamako duk da cewa bai yi daidai ba, an kafa wurin shari'ar shugaban Tunisiya Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, shugaban Masar Husni Mubarak,  da masu mulkin kama-karya na Gabas ta Tsakiya. Juyin Juya Hali. Ya yi tir da kisan gillar da aka yi wa Gaddafi ba tare da shari'a ba, da kuma ta'addancin juyin juya halin Libiya.  Tare da koma bayan juyin juya hali a fadin yankin, Mallat yayi jayayya da ci gaba da ba da shawarar rashin tashin hankali a matsayin falsafar canjin tarihi ta hanyar "cire harshen wuta". 

Ya ɓullo da ƙarin tsarin ka'idar rashin tashin hankali a matsayin anima na canjin tarihi a cikin *Falsafa na Rashin Tashin hankali*, littafin da aka buga a cikin 2015. Ya kasance mai fafutuka a cikin juyin juya halin Lebanon wanda ya fara a watan Nuwamba 2019, musamman ta hanyar Rally for the juyin juya halin, wanda aka fi sani da gajarta ta Larabci da TMT.  Archived  

## Rubuce-rubuce
Mallat marubuci ne ko editan wasu littattafai arba'in, kuma ya buga kasidu da surori na ilimi da dama.  Ya kasance mai yawan ba da gudummawa ga jaridun Larabci, Faransanci da Ingilishi kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara da editan shari'a na *The Daily Star* (Beirut) a cikin 1996-1998 da kuma a cikin 2009-2010. Ya kasance marubuci na yau da kullun a cikin *al-Nahar* (Beirut), *al-Hayat* (London), *The Daily Star* (Beirut), *Al-Ahram* (Alkahira), *L'Orient-Le Jour* (Beirut), kuma marubucin baƙo a cikin *littafin* . Layin Wuta na *New York Times* a lokacin yakin Hizbullah da Isra'ila a watan Yuli-Agusta 2006. Yana kallon kansa a matsayin almajirin ƙwazo na ɗimbin 'masu tunani' na ƙarni na ashirin.  Ra'ayin duniya na Mallat ya zana kan encyclopaedic, fahintar fahimtar al'umma daga ma'aikacin banki na Faransa da masanin zamantakewa Robert Fossaert;  da ra'ayi game da rawar da kotuna ke takawa a cikin al'umma a cikin ayyukan John Hart Ely da al'adun tsarin mulkin Amurka,  ci gaban ɗan adam na shugaban Lebanon Kamal Jumblat ;  *aggiornamento* na al'adar shari'ar Musulunci ta Iraqi Mohammad Baqir al-Sadr ; da Gilles Deleuze 's m, falsafar mai launi iri-iri.

### Aikin haɗin gwiwa
Aikin haɗin gwiwa na ilimi ya gan shi yana aiki a matsayin wanda ya kafa haɗin gwiwa kuma babban editan *littafin Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law*, yanzu a Brill,  jerin 'Horizons Européens' na Cibiyar d'Etudes de l'Union Européenne a Jami'ar Saint Joseph,  da jerin shari'ar Musulunci da Gabas ta Tsakiya a Kluwer Law International a matsayin darektan Cibiyar Shari'ar Musulunci da Gabas ta Tsakiya a Makarantar Gabas ta Tsakiya. da Nazarin Afirka.  Ya kuma ba da gudummawar shigarwa da surori da yawa ga ƙwararrun ilmin kimiya na ilimin Islama da na Gabas ta Tsakiya, da na shari'a.  A cikin 2014, ya taimaka ya samo kuma ya zama editan Bada'e',  babban gidan buga littattafai a cikin Larabci, Faransanci da Ingilishi a Gabas ta Tsakiya.

### Dokar Musulunci da Gabas ta Tsakiya
A cikin aikinsa na shari'ar Musulunci da Gabas ta Tsakiya, ya ba da tallafin karatu daga kasashen Yamma da Gabas ta Tsakiya a cikin neman harshen gama gari na 'yancin ɗan adam da tsarin shari'a don isar da shi daga cikin al'adar shari'a ta musamman ta Tsakiyar Tsakiya. Gabas daga Hammurabi zuwa yanzu. Littafinsa na farko, ''Sabunta Shari'ar Musulunci'', wanda ya mayar da hankali kan ayyukan shari'a na babban malamin addinin Islama na karni na 20, ɗan Iraki Mohammad Baqir al-Sadr, ya sami lambar yabo ta shekara-shekara ta Ƙungiyar Nazarin Gabas ta Tsakiya ta Arewacin Amirka, Littafin Albert Hourani. Kyauta . Harshen Larabci, wanda aka buga a shekarar 1998, yana yawo a karkashin kasa a Iraki har zuwa rasuwar Saddam Hussein a shekara ta 2003, kuma an sake buga shi sau da yawa tun daga lokacin. An yi bitar littafin a cikin sama da ɗari na masana da jaridu, kuma an bayyana wa ƙasashen yamma tallafin ɗan adam a matakin ilimi mafi girma a Najaf . A cikin 2009, ya buga ''Iraq-Jagora zuwa Doka da Siyasa'' a Aspen/Kluwer Law International.

''Gabatarwarsa ga dokar Gabas ta Tsakiya'', sakamakon shekaru ashirin na bincike, ya bayyana a shekara ta 2007, kuma ya fadada fannin shari'ar Musulunci ya hada da al'adar shari'a ta Gabas ta Tsakiya kafin zuwan Musulunci a matsayin wani muhimmin bangare na bincike na shari'a, da kuma bayyana shari'ar shari'a. a matsayin labari kuma mai mahimmancin mayar da hankali don fahimtar dokar da aka yi amfani da ita a rayuwar yau da kullum. Don zamanin Musulunci na gargajiya, ya haɗa da aikin adana kayan tarihi a kan rajistar kotunan da aka yi nazari bisa tsari na farko ta fuskar shari'a. A cikin zamani na zamani, *Gabatarwa* ta ƙunshi manyan fannonin doka a cikin ayyukan kotunan Gabas ta Tsakiya daga Pakistan zuwa Maroko. 

A cikin 2023, ya buga wani babban littafi game da Dokar Saudi Arabiya a Jami'ar Oxford Press.''Daidaita dokar Saudiyya'' ta dogara ne akan bincike na shekaru goma a cikin shari'ar Saudiyya da kuma kwarewarsa a shari'o'in Saudiyya da aka yi a tsibirin Cayman, Ingila da Amurka.

### Dokokin Turai da na duniya
A cikin dokokin Turai da na kasa da kasa, rubuce-rubucensa sun fi mayar da hankali ne kan kafuwar Tarayyar Turai tare da mai da hankali kan gazawar tsarin hukumomin EU a cikin gibin dimokiradiyyar EU, da matsuguni na hanyoyin ficewar kasashen da ba su dace ba, ciki har da kudin Euro, da kuma yadda ake tafiyar da harkokin kasa da kasa. tashin 'kasashen Euro-Mediterranean'.  A cikin dokokin kasa da kasa, yana amfani da yankin gabas ta tsakiya a matsayin kasa mai alfarma don fahimtar mu'amala tsakanin dokokin laifuka na kasa da kasa, diflomasiyya da siyasa, musamman ta hanyar wakilcin wadanda ake zargi da cin zarafin bil'adama a Iraki, Lebanon, Isra'ila-Palestine da Libya.

### Falsafar Rashin Tashin hankali
A cikin ƙarin aikin sa na ka'ida akan doka da rashin tashin hankali, Mallat yana neman bayyana dangantakar da ke tsakanin tashe-tashen hankula na mulkin demokraɗiyya da neman zaman lafiya na Kantian. An sanar da wannan binciken ta hanyar rashin tashin hankali a cikin juyin juya halin Cedar na Lebanon na 2005 da kuma a cikin tashin hankali na gabas ta tsakiya: daga juyin juya halin koren a Iran a 2009 zuwa juyin juya halin da aka fara a Tunisiya a cikin Janairu 2011. Ya ci gaba da neman nasara a cikin rashin tashin hankali a kan mulkin kama-karya ta hanyar ayyana hannu tare da jagorancin 'yan adawa, abokan aikin haƙƙin ɗan adam, da masu yanke shawara a duk faɗin duniya, wasu sun shirya ta hanyar Haƙƙin Haƙƙin Tashin hankali

An kaddamar da *Falsafarsa na Rashin Tashin hankali* a Venice a wani taron karawa juna sani na makarantar shari'a ta Yale a watan Janairun 2015, kuma tun daga lokacin ya shiga muhawarar masu sauraro daban-daban a cikin muhawara kan rashin tashin hankali a laccoci na musamman da kuma karawa juna sani a fadin duniya, yana mai da hankali kan kafofin watsa labaru na Larabawa don yada shawarwarin. Wannan ya haɗa da takaddun yau da kullun,    babban gidan talabijin na 'yan adawar Siriya  da labarai na SkyArabia a Abu Dhabi.  An ba da laccoci na sadaukarwa a Lebanon,  Switzerland,  Amurka,  Jamus,  da Malaysia.  A cikin Oktoba 2017, ya yi aiki tare da Adam Roberts da cibiyoyin bincike da yawa a Beirut da Tripoli don shiga cikin jama'a tare da rashin tashin hankali da juriya na farar hula a cikin Larabawa. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J21A2ADVbUA Ya goyi bayan tashe-tashen hankula na Lebanon wanda ya fara a watan Nuwamba 2019 a matsayin wani lokaci na juyin juya halin rashin zaman lafiya a Gabas ta Tsakiya, tare da halayen jagoranci na mata da kuma himma don kar a jawo su cikin zubar da jini. https://thearabweekly.com/end-lebanons-thawra-or-just-beginning

### Adabi da wakoki
Mallat ya taso ne a cikin dangin da ke cike da al'adar adabi da shari'a. An san kakansa mai suna 'Mawaƙin Cedar' a duk faɗin ƙasashen Larabawa. Kakansa Tamer Mallat alkali ne kuma mawaki, wanda ya sake gano hukunce-hukuncensa da wakokinsa kuma ya buga; ya kuma gyara wasu zab'u na rubuce-rubucen mahaifinsa a cikin littafin Faransanci da Larabci na harsuna biyu. Tare da ɗansa Tamer, ya buga wani littafi mai kwatanta don yara a cikin 1997, *[http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/ref/collection/utlawrev/id/587 Aventures a Beyrouth.]*

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Shi da ne ga Nouhad Diab da Wajdi Mallat, shugaban farko na Majalisar Tsarin Mulki ta Labanon (Larabci المجلس الدستوري) na Lebanon, daga 1994 zuwa 1997, kuma yana da 'yan'uwa mata uku, Manal, Raya da Janane. Yana auren Nayla Chalhoub, kuma suna da ’ya’ya maza biyu manya, Tamer da Wajdi.

## Labarai
***Littattafai***

*Daidaita Dokar Saudiyya,* New York, Jami'ar Oxford Press, 2022

*Boussole et autres aikin jarida*, Dar al-Bada'e', Beirut, 2019.

*`An Kamal Junblat wa min-wahyih (On Kamal Joumblat)*, Dar al-Bada'e', Beirut, 2018.

*Falsafar rashin tashin hankali: juyin juya hali, tsarin mulki, da adalci fiye da Gabas ta Tsakiya,* Jami'ar Oxford Press, New York 2015.

*Dimokuradiyya a fin-de-siècle America*, Dar al-Bada'e', Beirut, 2016. *Al-Dimuqratiyya fi amirka* da aka fassara kuma aka sake gyarawa, gabatarwar Ghassan Tueni, Dar al-Nahar, Beirut, 2001.

*Gabatarwa ga dokar Gabas ta Tsakiya*, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2007, bugu na takarda tare da sabon gabatarwa, Oxford 2009.

*Iraki: Jagora ga doka da manufofi*, Aspen/Kluwer Law International, Austin, 2009.

*[http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/ref/collection/utlawrev/id/7137 Maris 2221.]* *[http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/ref/collection/utlawrev/id/7137 Juyin Juya Halin Cedar na Lebanon- Maƙala ce kan adalci da rashin tashin hankali]* , [Lir], Beirut, 2007.

*Zabin shugaban kasa*, Beirut 1998, wanda aka buga da Larabci a Dar al-Nahar ( *Al-ri'asa al-lubnaniyya bayn al-ams wal-ghad* ), Faransanci ( *Défis présidentiels* ), da Ingilishi.

*Gabas ta Tsakiya zuwa Karni na 21*, Garnet, Karatu 1996. (takardar da aka buga a 1997; bugu na Amurka a 1998; serialized a wani bangare cikin jaridun Larabci).

*Sabunta Shari'ar Musulunci: Muhammad Baqer as-Sadr, Najaf, da Shi'i International*, Cambridge University Press (Laburaren Gabas ta Tsakiya), 1993, takarda 2004. Hakanan ana buga shi cikin Larabci, Bahasa Indonesian da Turkanci.

**Littattafai daga yakin neman zaben shugaban kasa**

*[http://mallat.com/sites/default/files/PresTalk1Chap.pdf Jawabin Shugaban kasa]*, Dar al-Jadid, Beirut, 2008. Manyan jawabai, hirarraki da laccoci akan hanyar yaƙin neman zaɓe (Nuwamba 2005-Yuni 2006).

*Takardun shugaban kasa*, 2nd ed. Beirut Janairu 2006. (masu, manufofi, nasarori)

*Al-barnamaj al-ri'asi* (shirin shugaban kasa), a cikin Larabci, Faransanci da Ingilishi.

*Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na gaskiya da adalci*, an buga lissafin akan layi.

*Kotun kasa da kasa don kowa*, littafin da aka buga akan layi.

*[http://mallat.com/sites/default/files/compellingpres.pdf Shugabanci mai tursasawa, yaƙin neman zaɓe na Mallat a cikin labaran duniya]*, Beirut, Afrilu 2006. (tarin bayanan martaba a cikin jaridun Larabawa da na duniya).

**Zaɓin littattafan da aka gyara**

*Aux antipodes de l'Union Européenne: l'Islande et le Liban* (tare da David Thor Bjorgvinsson), Beirut da Brussels, Bruylant, 2008.

*Daga Baghdad zuwa Beirut: Festschrift don girmama John Donohue* (tare da Leslie Tramontini), Cibiyar Gabas ta Jamus, Beirut 2007, 502pp.

*L'Union Européenne et le Moyen-Orient: Etat des Lieux*, Beirut, Presses de l'Jami'ar Saint Joseph, 2004.

*Dossier sur l'Abolition de la peine de mort*, Beirut, Jami'ar Saint-Joseph, 2003.

*Littafin Shekara na Dokar Musulunci da Gabas ta Tsakiya,* Vols. 1-5: 1994-98 (tare da E. Cotran), Kluwer Law International

*Ruwa a Gabas ta Tsakiya: Abubuwan Shari'a, Siyasa da Kasuwanci* (tare da JA Allan), IB Tauris, Yuli 1995. (Fassarar Larabci, Damascus 1998)

*Dokar Iyali ta Musulunci* (tare da Jane Connors ), Graham da Trotman, London, 1990.

*Dokar Musulunci da Kudi*, Cibiyar Nazarin Kusa da Gabas ta Tsakiya, SOAS, Afrilu 1988; sabon babban bugu, Graham da Trotman, London, Satumba 1988.

## manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Shafin Farko na Mallat Law Offices
* TMT ( ''tajammu` muwakabat al-thawra'', تجمّع مواكبة الثورة).  Archived  
* Aikin Adalci na Duniya: Iraki 
* Haƙƙin Rashin Tashin hankali الحقّ باللاعنف An  Archived  
* Juyin Tsarin Tsarin Mulki & Podcast na Larabawa  na Chibli Mallat yana magana a wani taro ta Gidauniyar Doka, Adalci da Al'umma, Oxford