Dmitry Karbyshev

**Dmitry Mikhaylovich Karbyshev** (Russian;  [ Oktoba 14]  - 18 ga Fabrairu 1945) ya kasance janar na Red Army, farfesa na Kwalejin Janar Janar na Soviet (Doctor of Military Sciences), kuma Jarumi na Tarayyar Soviet (bayan mutuwarsa).

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Karbyshev a Omsk ga sanannen Siberian Cossack Starshyna iyali na asalin Kryashen Tatar kuma yana magana da Rasha da Tatar na Kryashen accent . [1] Mahaifinsa ya mutu lokacin da yake dan shekara goma sha biyu, kuma mahaifiyarsa ce ta yi renonsa. Duk da matsalolin kudi, ya kammala karatu daga Siberian Cadet Corps (yanzu Omsk Cadet Corph of Ministry of Defense) a 1898 kuma ya ci gaba da halartar Kwalejin Injiniyan Soja ta Saint-Petersburg Nikolaev (Uchilishche), daga inda ya kammala a 1900. An sanya shi ya yi aiki a cikin 1st Gabashin Siberian Sapper Battalion, wanda ke kula da ayyukan telegraph na fagen fama (shugaban sashen kebul na kamfanin telegraph), kuma an ajiye shi a Manchuria.

### Yaƙin Rasha da Japan da Yaƙin Duniya na I
A lokacin Yakin Russo-Japanese (1904 zuwa 1905), Karbyshev yana da alhakin gina gadoji, da gudanar da sintiri, da kuma ayyukan telegraph. Ya kasance a Yaƙin Mukden kuma an yi masa ado saboda jaruntaka. An ɗaukaka shi zuwa Lieutenant (*Puruchik*) a ƙarshen yaƙin. 

Karbyshev daga baya ya yi aiki a Vladivostok . Ya koma St. Petersburg don kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Injiniyan Soja ta Nikolaev a 1911 (Jami'ar Injiniyan Injiniyan Sadarwa ta Saint Petersburg ta yanzu). An ɗaukaka shi zuwa Kyaftin Ma'aikata, sannan aka tura shi zuwa Brest-Litovsk a matsayin kwamandan kamfanin sapper, kuma ya shiga cikin gina ganuwar Fortress na Brest.

A farkon yakin duniya na, Karbyshev ya shiga cikin ayyukan yaƙi a cikin Carpathians a ƙarƙashin Sojojin Janar Aleksei Brusilov na 8 a Kudu maso Yammacin Gabas. Da farko shi ne injiniyan ƙungiyoyi na 78th da 69th Infantry Divisions, daga baya shugaban aikin injiniya na 22nd Finland Riflemen Corps. A farkon 1915, ya kasance a Siege na Przemyśl, inda aka ji masa rauni a kafa. An yi masa ado da Order of St. Anne don jaruntaka kuma an inganta shi zuwa Lieutenant Colonel. A shekara ta 1916, ya shiga Yakin Brusilov Offensive . Tare da Juyin Juya Halin Fabrairu da rushewar Daular Rasha, Karbyshev ya shiga Red Guard na gida a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1917 yayin da yake aiki a Mogilev-Podolsky (a yau Ukraine). Daga 1918, ya kasance jami'in Bolshevik Red Army .

### Yaƙin basasa
A lokacin Yaƙin basasar Rasha, Karbyshev ya kula da gina ganuwa da yawa, musamman *Kakhovka Platzdarm*, kuma ya rike manyan mukamai a hedkwatar Gundumar Sojojin Arewacin Caucasus. A cikin 1920, ya kasance babban injiniya na Sojojin Soviet na 5 kuma mataimakin babban injiniya ne na Kudancin Kudancin (tsarin na biyu). Karbyshev ya kula da tallafin injiniya don hare-haren da aka kai a kan ganuwar Chongar da Perekop a kan White movement a Crimea.

### Lokacin Interbellum a makarantar kimiyya
Daga 1923 zuwa 1926, Karbyshev ya kasance Shugaban Kwamitin Injiniya na Babban Gudanar da Injiniyan Soja na Red Army. A shekara ta 1926, ya zama malami a Kwalejin Soja ta M. V. Frunze, kuma a shekara ta 1936, ya shiga Kwalejin Janar. A cikin 1929, an nada Karbyshev don tsara Layin Stalin da Layin Molotov. A watan Fabrairun 1934, an nada shi Shugaban Sashen Kimiyya na Injiniya na Kwalejin Janar. Tun daga shekara ta 1936, Karbyshev ya kasance mataimakin Shugaban Sashen Babban Tsarin Kwalejin. An ɗaukaka shi zuwa Farfesa a 1938, kuma zuwa matsayin soja na janar janar a cikin Corps of Engineers a 1940. A shekara ta 1941, an ba Karbyshev digiri na biyu a kimiyyar soja. Ya wallafa takardun bincike sama da 100 a cikin injiniyan soja da tarihin soja. Ya ƙware a cikin gine-gine da rushewar cikas, da kuma batutuwan da suka shafi ƙetare koguna da sauran cikas na ruwa. Labaransa da littattafansa game da ka'idar aikin injiniya da ayyukan fagen fama da dabarun sun zama dole don karantawa ta kwamandojin Red Army a cikin shekarun da suka gabata. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara don maido da Trinity Lavra na St. Sergius a waje da Moscow.

## Manazarta