Tanga, Tanzaniya

**Tanga** birni ne na tarihi kuma babban birnin Yankin Tanga . Birnin shine mafi yawan tashar jiragen ruwa na Tanzania zuwa yammacin Tekun Indiya a Tanga Bay . Birnin yana da yawan mutane 393,429 a shekarar 2022. kuma Majalisar Birnin Tanga ce ke jagoranta. Birnin kuma gida ne ga Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Tanga . Sunan Tanga yana nufin "jirgi" a yaren Swahili. 
Birnin kuma shine babban birnin Gundumar Tanga.

## Yanayi
### Yanayin Kasa
Saboda kusanci da ma'auni da Tekun Indiya mai dumi, birnin yana fuskantar yanayin yanayi na wurare masu zafi kamar duk biranen bakin teku na Tanzania. Birnin yana fuskantar yanayin zafi da zafi a cikin yAw shekara kuma yana da yanayin zafi da bushewa (Köppen: Aw). Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara kusan 1,290 mm (51 in), kuma a cikin shekara ta al'ada akwai lokutan ruwan sama guda biyu: "tsawon ruwan sama" a watan Afrilu da Mayu da kuma "gajeren ruwan sama".
## Tattalin Arziki
Manyan fitarwa daga tashar jiragen ruwa ta Tanga sun hada da sisal, kofi, shayi, da auduga. Tanga kuma muhimmiyar tashar jirgin ƙasa ce, tana haɗa yawancin yankin arewacin Tanzaniya tare da teku ta hanyar Layin Link da Layin Tsakiya na Kamfanin Jirgin Kasa na Tanzania. Tanga tana da alaƙa da yankin Great Lakes na Afirka da babban birnin tattalin arzikin Tanzania na Dar es Salaam . Filin jirgin saman Tanga ne ke ba da sabis ga birnin.Tashar jiragen ruwa da kewayenta ita ce cibiyar rayuwa a Tanga. Yana da kasuwanni da yawa a unguwanni da yawa. Tanga Cement yana daya daga cikin manyan masana'antu.

### Mahadar Iska
Tanga tana da karamin filin jirgin sama kuma a halin yanzu kamfanonin jiragen sama guda uku ne kawai ke ba da sabis ga Dar es Salaam, Tsibirin Pemba da Zanzibar. A shekarar 2014 filin jirgin sama ya yi amfani da kasa da fasinjoji 30,000. Har ila yau, akwai ƙananan filayen jirgin sama masu zaman kansu a yankin da ke kewaye da birnin wanda ke sauƙaƙa dukiya masu zaman kansu da masana'antun da ke kewayen.

## Mahaɗar Hanya
Birnin Tanga yana da kusan kilomita 250 daga Chalinze a kan babbar hanyar A14 da ke gudana daga Chalinzi zuwa Mombasa.  Garin yana da nisan kilomita 75 daga Segera wanda shine mahaɗar da ke haɗa A14 da B1.  Hanyar B1 ita ce hanyar da ke haɗa Moshi da hanyar arewa zuwa Tanga.

### Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Tanga
Tashar jiragen ruwa ita ce tashar jiragen ruwa mafi tsufa a cikin al'ummar kuma tushenta sun koma kusan karni na 6. Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Tanga ita ce tashar jiragen ruwa na biyu mafi girma a Tanzania kuma muhimmiyar mahimmanci ce ga ci gaban farko da tattalin arzikin birnin. Tashar jiragen ruwa tana aiki a kashi 90% na ƙarfin da aka shigar kuma babban kayanta shine kwal don masana'antar siminti kuma sabon ƙofar ne don samfuran mai. Hukumomin tashar jiragen ruwa suna da manyan tsare-tsare don inganta tashar jiragen sama da samar da wata hanya ta daban don jigilar kaya a cikin ƙasar.
### Tashar Jirgin Sama
Tanga ita ce mafarin kunkuntar hanyar layin dogo ta arewa wacce ta kare a Arusha. A karni na 19 ne Jamusawa suka fara gina wannan layin. A shekarar 2018, gwamnatin Tanzaniya ta kashe Shilin Tanzaniya biliyan 5.7 don gyara layin. Tun daga watan Yulin 2019, jiragen kasan dakon man dizal suna sake barin tashar jirgin kasa ta Tanga kuma jigilar fasinja tsakanin Tanga da Arusha za a fara a watan Satumba na 2019.

## Tarihi
Al'ummomin farko da suka kira Tanga gida sune mutanen Digo da jihohin Swahili na ƙarni Na ce zuwa 16. Koyaya, takardun farko game da Tanga sun fito ne daga Portuguese. A lokacin da suka rushe hanyoyin kasuwanci na baya, yankin Tanga ya kasance karamin wurin kasuwanci ga masu mulkin mallaka a lokacin da suka mamaye gabar gabashin Afirka na tsawon shekaru 200 tsakanin 1500 da 1700 lokacin da aka kore su. Sultanate na Oman ya yi yaƙi da Portuguese kuma ya sami iko da ƙauyen a tsakiyar shekara ta 1700 tare da Mombasa, Tsibirin Pemba da Kilwa Kisiwani. Garin ya ci gaba da aiki a matsayin tashar kasuwanci don hauren giwa da bayi a ƙarƙashin mulkin sultan. Tanga ta ci gaba da kasancewa cibiyar kasuwanci mai wadata ga bayi tare da duniyar Larabawa har zuwa 1873 lokacin da manyan kasashen Turai suka mamaye kuma suka shagaltar da kawar da cinikin bayi wanda ba ya aiki da ikon mulkin mallaka.
A cikin karni na 19, karuwar sha'awar da Turawa suka yi don Scramble don Afirka ya kawo Jamus zuwa Tanga. Jamusawa sun sayi yankin gabar tekun ƙasar Tanzaniya daga Sultan na Zanzibar a 1891. Wannan mamayar ta sanya Tanga ta zama ƙauye kuma ita ce kafa ta farko a Jamus ta Gabashin Afirka. Garin ya zama cibiyar mulkin mallaka na Jamus kafin kafa Dar es Salaam a farkon karni na 20.

## Manazarta