Ruth Henig, Baroness Henig

**Ruth Beatrice Henig, Baroness Henig**, CBE , JP , DL ( née Munzer ; 10 Nuwamba 1943 - 29 Fabrairu 2024) masanin tarihin ilimi ne kuma ɗan siyasan Labour na Burtaniya.

## Iyali
An haifi Ruth Beatrice Munzer a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 1943 ga Kurt da Elfrieda Munzer, waɗanda 'yan gudun hijira ne na Yahudawa waɗanda suka zo Burtaniya daga Netherlands a 1940. An auri Henig a shekarar 1966 ga wani malamin jami'a Stanley Henig, wanda ba da daɗewa ba ya zama ɗan majalisar Labour. Sun haifi 'ya'ya biyu kuma sun sake aure a 1993. Ɗansu, Simon Henig, shi ne tsohon shugaban Majalisar Gundumar Durham, tsohon shugaban Hukumar Haɗin Arewa maso Gabas, kuma malami a fannin siyasa a Jami'ar Sunderland . Ta sake yin aure a 1994 ga Jack Johnstone.

## Aikin ilimi
Henig ta yi karatu a Makarantar Grammar 'Yan Mata ta Wyggeston da ke Leicester, sannan kuma a Kwalejin Bedford da ke Landan, inda ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a tarihi a shekarar 1965. An ba ta digiri na uku a tarihi daga Jami'ar Lancaster a shekarar 1978, inda ta yi karatu a fannin Tarihin Turai na Zamani.

Henig ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Sashen Fasaha da Bil Adama daga 1997 zuwa 2000, kuma a watan Afrilun 2006, tana ɗaya daga cikin mutane shida da suka sami lambar yabo ta farko ta Jami'ar Lancaster.

### Zaɓaɓɓun ayyuka
Henig ya rubuta littattafai da ƙasidu da dama game da tarihin ƙasashen duniya na ƙarni na 20, ciki har da:

* *Versailles da Bayan, 1919−1933* (Lancaster Pamphlets, 1990)
* *Asalin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, 1933−1941* (Lancaster Pamphlets, 1990)
* *Asalin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya* (Lancaster Pamphlets, 2001)
* *Ƙungiyar Ƙasashe: Masu Ƙirƙirar Duniyar Zamani* (Haus Publishing, 2010)
* *Jamhuriyar Weimar, 1919−1933* (Lancaster Pamphlets, 2015)
* *Zaman Lafiyar Da Ba Ta Taɓa Kasancewa Ba: Tarihin Ƙungiyar Ƙasashe* (Haus Publishing, 2019)

## Aikin siyasa
Henig ta kasance memba na Labour a Majalisar Gundumar Lancashire daga 1981 zuwa 2005, inda ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar Majalisar daga 1999 zuwa 2000. Ta kuma kasance Shugabar Hukumar 'Yan Sanda ta Lancashire daga 1995 zuwa 2005 kuma shugabar Ƙungiyar Hukumomin 'Yan Sanda daga 1997 zuwa 2005, lokacin da ta zama shugabar Ƙungiyar. Ta kuma kasance memba na Hukumar Shari'a ta Ƙasa daga 2003 zuwa 2005. Tsawon shekaru da yawa tana matsayin alƙali kuma gwamnan makaranta. 

A babban zaɓen 1992, ta tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Labour a matsayin tsohuwar kujerar majalisar dokoki ta mijinta ta Lancaster . Ta gaza kawar da kujerar 'yar majalisar Conservative mai ci Elaine Kellett-Bowman, amma ta rage rinjayen 'yan jam'iyyar Conservative zuwa ƙasa da 3,000, http://www.psr.keele.ac.uk/area/uk/ge92/i12.htm  ƙasa da 6,500 a 1987. http://www.psr.keele.ac.uk/area/uk/ge87/i12.htm 

An naɗa Henig a matsayin Kwamandan Daular Burtaniya (CBE) a bikin tunawa da ranar haihuwa ta 2000 saboda ayyukan 'yan sanda,  kuma a shekarar 2002 an naɗa shi Mataimakin Laftanar (DL) na Lancashire . 

An naɗa Henig a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar iyali a ranar 8 ga Yuni 2004 a matsayin *Baroness Henig, daga Lancaster a gundumar Lancashire* .  Ta zama mataimakiyar shugabar majalisar dattawa a shekarar 2018.

A watan Yunin 2013, an ba wa Henig lambar yabo ta Ƙungiyar Masu Ba da Shawara kan Tsaro, wani ɓangare na kyautar Imbert da aka sanya wa suna bayan tsohon kwamishinan 'Yan sandan Metropolitan kuma Lord Lieutenant na Greater London. A wani fanni na farko, an raba kyautar ga mutumin da ya bayar da gudummawa mafi muhimmanci ga masana'antar tsaro a shekarar da ta gabata tare da Don Randall, shugaban tsaro na Bankin Ingila. An yanke hukunci cewa gudummawar Baroness Henig ga masana'antar a matsayin Shugabar Hukumar Tsaro wajen kula da gyaran dokoki da gina sabuwar tsarin dokoki na zamani, wanda ya dace da manufa ya sa ta zama 'yar takara mai kyau.  

A ranar 20 ga Disamba 2006, John Reid, sakataren harkokin cikin gida, ya naɗa Henig a matsayin Shugaban Hukumar Tsaro ta Masana'antu (SIA) http://www.the-sia.org.uk/home/about_sia/news/nr_061220.htm, wata hukuma mai zaman kanta da aka ɗora wa alhakin kula da harkokin tsaro masu zaman kansu. Bayan ta sauka daga mukamin shugaba daga SIA bayan shekaru shida a watan Maris na 2013, Henig ta ci gaba da aiki don gina murya ɗaya ta masana'antar bayan an naɗa ta shugabar Cibiyar Tsaro a watan Afrilun 2016. Ta kasance shugabar da ba ta da iko a kamfanin SecuriGroup na Burtaniya, kuma, tun daga Maris na 2019, shugabar Rijistar Ƙwararrun Tsaro.

## Abubuwan sha'awa
Babban abin da Henig ke yi shi ne buga ƙwallon Bridge. Ta buga wa Lancashire wasa tun farkon shekarun 1990, kuma ita ce kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar House of Lords. Henig kuma mai sha'awar ƙwallon ƙafa ce, tana goyon bayan ƙungiyar Leicester City FC tsawon sama da shekaru 60.

## Mutuwa
Henig ya mutu a ranar 29 ga Fabrairu, 2024, yana da shekaru 80. 

## Manazarta