open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Peter Halloran

**Peter M. Halloran** (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Afrilu 1962) shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na Pharos Financial Group, wani kamfanin saka hannun jari da ke aiki a kasuwannin duniya tun daga 1997. An kafa kamfanin da jarin farko na saka hannun jari daga Credit Suisse da Soros Fund Management. A shekarar 2014, Pharos ya ƙara wani kamfanin saka hannun jari da ke Dallas, Titanium Exploration Partners LLC, don saka hannun jari a cikin damarmakin mai da iskar gas na Amurka. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;  Gabaɗaya, Halloran ya kawo sama da dala biliyan 10 a kasuwannin da yake zuba jari a ciki.  An ba shi lambar yabo ta Manajan Asusun Hedge na Shekara a 2010 ta Hedge Fund World,  kuma Asusun Zuba Jari na Pharos Gas da Asusun Pharos Russia duk an sanya su a cikin manyan kamfanoni 15 na duniya da Bloomberg ya sanya su a cikin manyan kamfanoni 15 na duniya. Bai taɓa saka hannun jari ba, ya dakatar da NAV ko ya sake kafa babban maki.  A 2011, Halloran ya kafa kamfanin cinikin mai na zahiri, Pharos Energy Ltd., wanda aka sayar a 2014. A 2000, Halloran ya sami hannun jari a Aton Capital Group  sannan daga baya ya mayar da shi babban bankin saka hannun jari na kasuwa mai tasowa wanda daga baya aka sayar wa UniCredit Bank akan dala miliyan 424. 

Halloran ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunkasa kasuwannin jarin Rasha a shekarun 1990 ta hanyar hannun jari, bashi, da kuma sanya hannun jari na sirri, yayin da kuma ya jagoranci 'yan siyasar Rasha da masu musayar hannayen jari na gida don yin aiki a kan tsoffin dokokin zamanin Soviet don ba da damar kasuwannin jarin Rasha su bunkasa.  A farkon 1994 ya sami kusan kashi 10% na duk takardun shaidar mallaka na sirri kuma, a 1995, Halloran ya fara saka hannun jari na farko a ƙasashen waje a cikin takardun baitulmalin Rasha (GKO's) da kuma hannun jarin kamfanin makamashi na Gazprom mai iyaka. A cikin 1996 da 1997 Halloran ya shirya sama da dala biliyan 2 na tayin mallaka ga kamfanonin Rasha da Ukraine. [3] A cikin 2002, ya jagoranci IPO na farko na wani kamfani na cikin gida da aka jera a cikin musayar hannun jarin Rasha. Kafin kafa Pharos, Halloran ya gina kuma ya gudanar da kasuwancin dillalan CIS da kasuwanci na mallakar mallaka na Credit Suisse a Moscow. A baya yana zaune a New York tare da CS First Boston, Salomon Brothers da Morgan Grenfell. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Soros Fund Management.

Halloran jikan Dr. Orvan W. Hess ne wanda ya kasance fitaccen likita a Amurka kuma ya sami lambar yabo ta Scientific Association's American Medical Association saboda jagorantar haɓaka na'urar duba zuciya ta tayi da kuma aikinsa na farko da ya taimaka wajen gabatar da penicillin ga Amurka Mahaifiyarsa, Dr. Katherine Hess Halloran, likita ce da aka buga wacce ta gudanar da binciken kwayoyin halitta na farko kan dalilin Down Syndrome.

Halloran ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yale (BA, 1984) kuma ya halarci Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Texas .

## Manazarta


* 
*  
*
Eugène Alluaud

**Gilbert Eugène Alluaud** (25 Maris 1866 a Saint-Martin-Terressus – 27 Yuli 1947 a Crozant ) ƙwararren mai zane ne na ƙasar Faransa kuma mai gyaran shimfidar wuri.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife shi a cikin iyalin masu yin porcelain, waɗanda suka rayu tun ƙarni da yawa. Kakansa, François (1739-1799), shine Daraktan Kamfanin Sarrafa Porcelain a Limoges . Kakansa, wanda kuma ake kira François, yana aiki a Limoges kuma ƙwararren masanin ilimin ƙasa ne. Ɗan'uwansa, Charles, ya karya al'adar iyali don ya zama masanin ilimin halittu .

A shekara ta 1897, ya sami damar siyan ƙaramin masana'anta a Limoges, inda ya ƙirƙiri manyan kayan ado na faranti. Wasu daga cikinsu an ba su lambar zinare a Exposition Universelle (1900) . Duk da wannan nasarar, ƙarin farashin samarwa ya tilasta masa fatara a shekara ta 1903. Ba da daɗewa ba, Charles Edward Haviland ya kai shi wurin aikinsa don gudanar da aikin ado. A shekara ta 1919, ya sami damar sake kafa wani bita na kansa, a Solignac, inda ya ƙware a cikin tukwane masu tsada don turare.

A cikin waɗannan shekarun, ya taimaka wajen ƙirƙirar ƙungiyoyi da dama da suka sadaukar da kansu don tallata porcelain na Limoges. A shekarar 1921, an naɗa shi jarumi a cikin ƙungiyar girmamawa .  An naɗa shi Conservator na  a shekarar 1928, kuma ya riƙe wannan matsayin har zuwa 1934. 

Tare da waɗannan ayyukan, koyaushe yana sha'awar fasaha; mahaifinsa, Amédée (1825-1872), wani mai tattara kayan aiki wanda ya taimaka wajen tallafawa ƙungiyar masu fasaha da aka sani da Makarantar Crozant .  Wannan sha'awar ta ƙaru lokacin da ya zama abokin mai zane, Jules Adler, a lokacin aikin soja na tilas (1885-1886). Nan da nan bayan haka, ya yi rajista a Académie Julian, inda ya yi karatu tare da William Bouguereau da Tony Robert-Fleury . Bayan kammala karatunsa, a 1889, ya yi balaguron karatu zuwa Ingila, Belgium, Italiya da Arewacin Afirka.

Ya yi ziyararsa ta farko, ta ɗan gajeren lokaci zuwa Crozant a shekarar 1887. Bayan haka, ya sake yin dogon zama a shekarar 1891. A shekarar 1905, shi da matarsa, Marcelle, sun gina gida a wurin, mai suna "La Roca", inda suke zama a kowace bazara. Ba da daɗewa ba sai ya zama wurin taruwa ga mazaunan masu fasaha. Abokansa na kud da kud a wurin sun haɗa da mawaƙi, Maurice Rollinat, da kuma mai zane mai suna Armand Guillaumin, wanda ya yi tasiri sosai a salonsa na tsakiyar lokacin. Daga baya, Cézanne ya fi tasiri. [1] Ya kasance mai baje kolin kayayyaki akai-akai a Salon d'Automne .

Ana iya ganin ayyukansa a gidajen tarihi a Châteauroux, Guéret da Limoges.

## Manazarta
Rose Greene

**Rose Greene** (1946 - 11 ga Yuli, 2019) 'yar fafutuka ce ta Amurka kuma mai tsara harkokin kuɗi da ke zaune a Los Angeles. Ana tunawa da ita da shirya da kuma ƙaddamar da wani babban taron tara kuɗi don kula da cutar kanjamau/AIDS, California AIDS Ride, wani keke mai tsawon mil 545 a bakin tekun California.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Rose Greene a Los Angeles. Mahaifinta yana da kamfanin siminti. Mahaifiyarta ta rasu tun tana yarinya. Greene ta kammala karatunta daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Fairfax a shekarar 1964,  sannan ta sami digiri na farko a fannin zane-zane a Jami'ar Jihar California, Northridge .  Ta ci gaba da karatunta a fannin kuɗi a Jami'ar Kudancin California . 

## Sana'a
Greene ta koyar a makarantar sakandare na ɗan lokaci, kuma ta zama mai tsara harkokin kuɗi wadda ta ƙware wajen ba da shawara ga abokan ciniki da ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu a cikin al'ummar 'yan luwaɗi da madigo.  Ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar kwamitin gudanarwa na Cibiyar LGBT ta Los Angeles daga 1989 zuwa 1995, da kuma daga 2006 zuwa 2011.    "Na kalli yadda ta zama shugaba, mai fafutukar kare Cibiyar, kuma mai faɗa a ji da kuma mai fafutuka," in ji Torie Osborn, babbar darektan cibiyar. A shekarar 1992, Greene ta jagoranci kwamitin neman magajin Osborn, babbar darektan cibiyar na yanzu, Lorri Jean . 

Greene ta jagoranci kamfen ɗin babban birnin don babban ofishin cibiyar a ginin McDonald/Wright da ke Hollywood, wanda aka buɗe a shekarar 1992, kuma ta kula da haɓaka Asibitin Kula da Lafiya na Musamman na Jeffrey Goodman na cibiyar, wanda aka buɗe a shekarar 1993. Ta shirya taron farko na yaƙi da cutar kanjamau a California a shekarar 1994, rangadin keke na kwanaki bakwai a gabar tekun California daga San Francisco zuwa Los Angeles. The Ride ya kasance babban taron tara kuɗi don bincike, rigakafi, da kulawa kan cutar kanjamau a cikin shekarun da suka gabata, kuma misali ne na irin waɗannan abubuwan a wasu wurare. Yanzu ana kiransa da AIDS/LifeCycle.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Greene ta kasance memba na kafa ƙungiyar Congregation Kol Ami a Yammacin Hollywood.  Ta auri Helena Ruffin a shekarar 2008. Greene ta mutu sakamakon cutar kansar ƙashi a shekarar 2019, a Duarte, California, tana da shekaru 72. 

## Manazarta
Eugène Fidler

**Eugène Fidler** ( Bălţi, Bessarabia, 1910 - Roussillon, Vaucluse, 1990) ɗan Faransa ne mai zane da mai gyaran yumbu wanda asalinsa Bayahude ne daga Bessarabia. Fidler yana cikin ƙungiyar masu gyaran yumbu waɗanda suka yi aiki a zamanin da ake kira « Shekarun Zinare na Vallauris », kuma an san shi da mai zane, saboda hotunansa da launukan ruwa . Masu tattarawa a ko'ina cikin duniya sun sayi ayyukansa. Ya kuma nuna su a Faransa da ƙasashen waje.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Fidler a Balti, a lokacin matsugunin Yahudawa da Rashawa a Bessarabia a shekarar 1910. Iyalan sun ƙaura zuwa Warsaw inda aka haifi ƙanwarsa, Aline, wacce za ta zama mai buga piano a shekarar 1917. A shekarar 1918 iyalansa suka zo a matsayin 'yan gudun hijira suka zauna a Nice, Faransa . Daga 1918-1928 ya halarci makarantun firamare da sakandare a Switzerland da Jamus, sannan Lycee Massena a Nice . Daga 1928-1930 Fidler ya yi aikin soja a rundunar sojojin Faransa, don haka ya zama ɗan ƙasar Faransa. Daga 1930-1937 ya yi karatun fasaha a Ecole des Beaux Arts, daga baya kuma ya yi karatu a Académie Julian . A shekarar 1937 ya koma Nice, bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa, Aron Fidler. A shekarar 1940 Fidler ya auri Edith Giler, 'yar gudun hijira wadda ta tsere daga Jamus ta Nazi tare da iyalinta, kuma ta zauna a Mougins . A wannan lokacin ya fara koyon fasahar yumbu. Ma'auratan sun tsere daga Faransa Riviera lokacin da 'yan Nazi suka mamaye Free France a shekarar 1943, suka nemi mafaka a Roussillon a ƙarƙashin sunan da ake kira Fournier na Al'umma don guje wa dokokin Vichy na hana Yahudawa da kuma tattara bayanai. Ya yi zane da yin yumbu tare da matarsa, yana yin ƙananan abubuwa kamar maɓallai, 'yan kunne da sarƙoƙi. Yayin da yake nuna fim ɗin, a ƙarƙashin sunan Fournier, ya haɗu da Samuel Beckett da mai zane Henri Hayden, waɗanda suma 'yan gudun hijira ne.

A shekarar 1944 lokacin da aka 'yantar da Provence . Fidlers sun koma Mougins, inda shi da Edith suka samar da kayayyaki masu amfani kamar tukwane, tiren toka, kwanuka da kuma wurin ajiye kyandir. An haifi 'ya mace, Catherine, a shekarar 1947, amma ma'auratan sun rabu a shekarar 1950 kuma Fidler ya koma Paris inda zai yi aiki na tsawon shekaru biyu masu zuwa. A shekarar 1952 Fidler ya koma Vallauris inda yake nuna ayyukansa akai-akai. A wannan lokacin ya zama abokai da Picasso da Jacqueline Roque . [1] A shekarar 1956 ya auri matarsa ta biyu, Edith Ramos, daga Azores, ɗalibarsa a fannin tukwane sannan kuma abokiyar aiki. Ma'auratan sun haifi 'ya mace, Nathalie, a shekarar 1956. Fidler ya sake komawa Roussillon a shekarar 1959, yayin da yake tafiye-tafiye akai-akai a faɗin Turai da Amurka. Ya ci gaba da yin zane da samar da kayan yumbu a Roussillon-en-Provence har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekarar 1990.

## Manazarta
Samantha Greenberg

**Samantha Greenberg** ita ce babbar jami'ar kuɗi (CFO) a ID.Me. A da ita ce ta kafa, manajan abokin tarayya kuma babbar jami'ar saka hannun jari (CIO) na Margate Capital Management.  Bangarorinta na musamman sune Fasaha, Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai da Sadarwa (TMT) da Masana'antun Masu Amfani. 

## Ilimi
Greenberg ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu a fannin tattalin arziki da harkokin kudi daga Makarantar Wharton ta Jami'ar Pennsylvania (wanda ya kunshi fannoni biyu na harkokin kudi da kuma kula da dabarun zamani  ) da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin MBA a Jami'ar Stanford . 

## Sana'a
Kafin ta kafa Margate Capital Management, Greenberg ta kasance mai sharhi kan harkokin banki a fannin hada-hadar kuɗi da saye-saye a Goldman Sachs Group (1998), mataimakiya a Francisco Partners (1999), kuma mataimakiya ce a sashen nazarin saka hannun jari a Chilton Investment Co. (2003). Daga nan ta koma Goldman a matsayin mataimakiya a ƙungiyar Special Sequities Group ta kamfanin.

A shekarar 2009 Greenberg ta kama aiki a Paulson &amp;amp; Co. a matsayin shugabar sashen watsa labarai, kebul, tauraron dan adam da kuma sassan masu amfani.  Bayan shekaru biyu an kara mata matsayi a matsayin abokiyar hulda.  A lokacin da take aiki a Paulson, ta horar da kuma kula da ƙananan masu nazari  kuma ta yi aiki a ƙungiyar da ta jagoranci saka hannun jari masu nasara a kamfanoni ciki har da Cablevision, Comcast, Family Dollar da Time Warner Cable .  Ranar ƙarshe da ta yi a Paulson ita ce 29 ga Janairu, 2016. 

A shekarar 2019, Greenberg ya karɓi muƙami a Citadel LLC a matsayin manajan fayil. 

A shekarar 2021, ta shiga Mint House a matsayin babbar jami'ar kuɗi. 

## Gudanar da Babban Birnin Margate
Greenberg ta ƙaddamar da asusun shinge na Margate Capital Management a ƙarshen Janairu 2016.  Kamfanin yana gudanar da asusun hannun jari na dogon lokaci/na ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da mai da hankali kan kafofin watsa labarai da sassan masu amfani, yana aiwatar da tsarin haɗari bisa ƙa'idodi don kare jari da rage canjin yanayi.  A ranar 12 ga Afrilu, 2016,  ta sami alƙawarin kuɗi na dala miliyan 130 daga Ramius LLC  (kamfanin kula da saka hannun jari na ƙasa da ƙasa na Cowen Group Inc.)  Ramius shine mai saka hannun jari na farko a kamfanin, yana yin alƙawarin shekaru uku. 

## Taimakon jama'a
Greenberg mataimakiyar shugaba ce ta haɗin gwiwa a sashen kula da saka hannun jari na UJA-Federation of New York .  Tana zaune a kwamitin gudanarwa na 14th Street Y, kuma tana yin aikin sa kai a Ƙungiyar Jagorancin Matasan Mata. 

## Girmamawa da kuma karramawa
Masu aiko da rahotanni kan harkokin kasuwanci sun ambaci Greenberg a matsayin "ɗaya daga cikin manajojin asusun shinge na mata da ba kasafai ake samun su a masana'antar ba."  Kafin kafa asusun shinge nata, an nada ta a cikin Manyan Mata 50 a Asusun Hedge a shekarar 2013 ta hannun *Jaridar Hedge Fund Journal* tare da haɗin gwiwar Ernst &amp;amp; Young .  A shekarar 2016 an nada ta a matsayin Tauraruwar Rising Fund ta hannun Masu Zuba Jari na Cibiya. 

## Manazarta
Gabriel Fourmaintraux

**Gabriel Fourmaintraux** (1886–1984) a Desvres, Faransa ƙwararren mai zane ne na yumbu na Faransa.

## Rayuwa ta sirri

Gabriel Emile Georges Alexandre Fourmaintraux, an haife shi a ranar 27 ga Mayu, 1886 a Desvres, memba ne na wani sanannen dangin masu sana'ar yumbu na Faransa. Mahaifinsa shi ne Emile Fourmaintraux (1857–1929) kuma mahaifiyarsa ita ce Elisa Moison (1863–1930). Ya auri Marguerite (wanda aka sani da Margo) kuma shi ne mahaifin Gabriel Fourmaintraux (wanda aka sani da Gaby, 1921-1941), masanin yumbu Claude Fourmaintraux da Françoise Fourmaintraux (1926–2021). Ya yi karatun yumbu a Makarantar Digiri ta Ceramics da ke Sèvres kuma ya kammala karatunsa a "Major" a ajinsa. Ya kasance mai himma daga 1905 har sai da ya yi ritaya a 1982.

Kasuwancin yumbu na iyalin Fourmaintraux zai iya gano asalinsa tun lokacin da François-Joseph Fourmaintraux, tsohon ma'aikaci a Sta, ya kafa masana'antarsa a shekarar 1804. Masanin yumbu Camille Fourmaintraux, shine ƙarni na 10 na iyalinsa yana aiki a fannin yumbu. A tarihi, ana iya samun sunan iyalin a wani lokacin ana rubuta shi da "Fourmentraux".

## Sana'a

Ya fara aiki a masana'antar iyalinsa a shekarar 1905 bayan ya kammala karatunsa, da farko yana aiki tare da mahaifinsa Emile kuma ya karɓi ragamar gudanar da ita a shekarar 1930. Ɗan Gabriel, Claude, ya fara aiki tare da mahaifinsa a shekarar 1941 kuma daga baya ya karɓi ragamar gudanar da masana'antar daga mahaifinsa tare da surukinsa Daniel Dutertre. 'Ya'yansu maza, Olivier Fourmaintraux da Thierry Dutertre, sun karɓi ragamar gudanar da kamfanin a shekarar 1987. An rufe masana'antar a shekarar 1997.

## Manazarta
André Fau

**André Fau** ( Paris Nuwamba 13, 1896, Janairu 31, 1982) ɗan Faransa ne mai zane bayan Cuba, mai zane, mai zane, mai rubuta waƙa, kuma mawaƙi wanda aka haifa a Paris .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Fau ta yi karatun fasahar ado a École des Beaux-Arts kuma a ƙarƙashin Gabriel Ferrier .

Tun daga shekarar 1919 ya sadaukar da kansa ga adabi. A shekarar 1920 ya kafa ƙungiyar littattafai ta Young Songs, a titin Gozlin, Saint Germain des Prés.

Tun daga 1921 zuwa 1932 ya fara zurfafa bincike kan fasahar yumbu. [1] André Fau yana da haƙƙin mallaka kan ƙirƙira a fasahar ado waɗanda suka shahara sosai, an buga su kuma musamman ana yaba su a Japan. Ya kuma zama ƙaramin alkali na baje kolin fasahar ado. Ya ƙirƙiri samfuran abubuwa masu lu'ulu'u don masana'antar Czech . Kuma a wannan shekarar mawakan da suka shahara a lokacin sun rubuta waƙoƙi bisa ga waƙoƙinsa.

A shekarun 1930, a lokacin rikicin tattalin arziki, ya ƙirƙiro tare da abokansa yadda zai taimaki masu fasaha ta hanyar da ba a saba gani ba a wancan lokacin - yana buɗe tallace-tallacen baje kolin a bangon mashayar "Bar efte" (Le Rond-Point des Artistes, 5. r. du Metz). 

A shekarar 1944 ya buga wani muhimmin aiki mai suna "Montmartre Village de Paris". Wannan littafin ya ƙunshi zane-zanen ruwa guda 25 inda Fau ya bayyana ƙaunarsa ga Montmartre . Littafin ya yi nasara sosai kuma ya kammala tarin littattafan addini.

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Aiki André Fau ; pictify.com
* Fau, André - Tarihin Rayuwa, Hasken Gilashin Ceramic na Art Deco 
* Benezit Dictionary of Artists, 2006, shafin Oxford Index (ana buƙatar biyan kuɗi ko zama memba na ɗakin karatu)
* *Comoedia illustré*, 1929-06, Comœdia illustré : jarida artique bi-mensue, shafi na 29 ; Gallica BnF
* *Comoedia*, 1933/12/21 (A27,N7621), shafi na 1, ''Le Salon de Echanges ..'' ; *La Semaine à Paris*, 1934/02/02 (N610) -1934/02/08, shafi 44 ; *Le Figaro*, 1936/02/28 (Lissafi 59), shafi na 4 ''Poètes aux cabarets a cabarets sans poètes'' ; Gallica BnF
Auguste Delaherche

**Auguste Delaherche** (27 December 1857 – 27 June 1940) was a French ceramicist, who was a leading figure in French art pottery through the Art Nouveau period.  Like other leading French potters of the period, he was intensely interested in ceramic glaze effects of colour and surface texture.  He began his career making stoneware, but later also made porcelain in his studio.

Bayan wasu shekaru yana yin tukwane a birnin Paris, a shekarar 1894 ya koma yankinsa na asali, kuma bayan shekaru goma ya canza aikinsa zuwa tukwane na mutum ɗaya. Ya kuma ci gaba da tafiya daga yin kayan dutse kawai zuwa yin tukwane kawai.

## Sana'a
Ya yi horo a École des Arts Décoratifs da ke Paris. A farkon aikinsa, ya yi aiki a wasu kafofin watsa labarai na fasaha, yana maido da gilashin da aka fenti, yana tsara "kayan ado na addini" kuma a matsayin shugaban sashen electroplating a kamfanin Christofle da ke Paris, wanda ya fara wannan dabarar.  Ya fara yin tukwane da kayan dutse masu gishiri a shekarar 1883 kusa da Beauvais, kuma a shekarar 1887 ya sayi gidan cin abinci na Ernest Chaplet a rue Blomet, Paris. Chaplet ya koma Choisy-le-Roi a unguwannin birnin. 

Da farko ya yi kayan dutse a nau'i daban-daban, kuma bai yi jifa da kansa ba, yana ba wa mataimaka zane. Kayansa kusan dukkansu nau'i ne na tukunya iri ɗaya ko wani. Ya fi son siffofi masu sauƙi na asali, galibi ana ƙara su da haƙarƙari ko madauri masu ƙarfi, yana mai da hankali kan tasirin saman, musamman gilashin "flambé" mai zafi. Ayyukansa sun zo ga sauran masu tukwane a baje kolin da Union Centrale des Arts Décoratifs suka gudanar a 1887, sannan ya lashe kyaututtuka a Paris Exposition Universelle na 1889. [undefined] Ya lashe lambobin zinare a duka biyun, da kuma Exposition Universelle na 1900, a Paris. [1]

## Manazarta
 

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
* "Beauvais": PDF tarihin Beauvais ceramics , Office de Tourisme de l'Agglomération de Beauvais (a cikin Faransanci)
* "Grove": "Delaherche, Auguste", a cikin *The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts*, Juzu'i na 1 na saitin juzu'i biyu, edita. Gordon Campbell, shafi na 307, 2006, Oxford University Press, Amurka, , 9780195189483, littattafan Google
* "MUDO": "Vase à six cotes verticales, Auguste DELAHERCHE - 1892" , Musée départemental de l'Oise
* "Orsay": tarihin rayuwa, Musée d'Orsay
* Sullivan, Elizabeth, "Fasahar Fasaha ta Faransa", A cikin *Heilbrunn Jadawalin Tarihin Fasaha*, Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan, 2014, akan layi
* Tornier, Etienne, "Auguste Delaherche et les Etats-Unis (1889-1953)" (a cikin Faransanci), a cikin *Bulletin du groupe de recherches et d'études de la céramique du Beauvaisis* (GRECB), 2012, PDF akan Academia.edu
* "V&A": tarihin rayuwa daga Gidan Tarihi na Victoria &amp;amp; Albert
Andrée Fauré

**Andrée Fauré** (1904–1985) ƙwararren mai ƙera yumbu ne kuma mai zane a Faransa.

Fauré wani ɓangare ne na kasuwancin iyali na Atelier Fauré wanda ke ƙera ayyukan yumbu, wanda ke Limoges, Faransa . Mahaifinta Camille Fauré fitaccen mai ƙera yumbu ne. 

Ayyukanta suna cikin tarin Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Houston, [1] Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis, [2] Gidan Tarihi na Angewandte Kunst, Leipzig, [3] da Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Fasaha na Kirkland . [4]

## Manazarta
Raoul Lachenal

Ɗan Edmond Lachenal, Raoul Lachenal, ya yi aiki a ɗakin studio na mahaifinsa har zuwa 1911, lokacin da ya kafa sabon bita a Boulogne-sur-Seine . Duk da cewa wasu daga cikin kayan zane na Raoul Lachenal's Art Nouveau sun yi kama da kayan zane na mahaifinsa, ya kuma samar da kayan ado na musamman waɗanda za su iya yin tsayayya da ayyukan ƙwararrun masu zane-zane kamar Ernest Chaplet da Albert Dammouse.  A mafi kyawun aikinsa, ana iya kwatanta Lachenal da waɗannan manyan jaruman Faransa na sake fasalin tukwane .

Lachenal ya fara nuna kayan adonsa na Art Nouveau a shagunan gyaran gashi na Paris a shekarar 1904. Hotunan zamani sun nuna kayan ado masu siffar jiki ta halitta, hannayen da aka yi amfani da su wajen ɗaurewa, da kuma kayan ado da aka yanke kamar aikin Edmond Lachenal tun daga shekarar 1900. Ganin cewa uba da ɗa suna da gidan talla, batun marubutan ba shi da tushe a matakai daban-daban, musamman waɗanda suka shafi tasiri kai tsaye da kuma haɗin gwiwa. Duk da haka, kayan ado na ɗan ya bambanta ta hanyar amfani da kayan ado na gargajiya da kuma shimfidar glazes masu zafi sosai.

Tukunyar hannu ta whiplash ta yi fice wajen ƙira da kuma tasirin glaze, inda aka tsara hannayen a hankali a kusa da lebe da kafadar kayan, wanda ke fitar da sabon kuzari zuwa wani zane mai suna Art Nouveau leitmotif da aka yi amfani da shi fiye da kima. Abin da ya sa wannan kayan ya zama rayuwa, duk da haka, shine gilashin da aka yi amfani da shi mai kauri, wanda launukansa masu launin shunayya suka bambanta kamar yadda suke canzawa a zurfin jiki.

## Manazarta
Georges Jouve

Georges Jouve babban mai gyaran tukwane ne na ƙarni na 20. An haife shi a shekarar 1910 a Fontenay-sous-Bois kuma iyayensa duka masu gyaran kayan ado ne. Yana da shekaru 17, Jouve ya yi rajista a Ecole Boulle mai daraja a Paris, inda ya sami koyarwar ka'ida a Tarihin Zane-zane ban da karatunsa na fasaha a matsayin mai sassaka. Bayan kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1930, ya fara aikinsa na fasaha a matsayin mai tsara kayan wasan kwaikwayo. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Jamusawa sun kama Jouve kuma aka tsare shi a sansanin Jamusawa. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi, ya tsere daga sansanin ya nemi mafaka a gidan iyayensa na uba a wani ƙauyen masu tukwane a kudancin Faransa, mai suna Dieulefit . A shekarar 1944, Jouve da iyalinsa suka koma Paris. Ya buɗe ɗakin aikinsa a Paris kuma Jacques Adnet ya gayyace shi don halartar baje kolin "La Ceramique Contemporaine" na Compagnie des Arts Francais. Daga nan ya shiga kowace shekara a cikin 'Salons' da yawa a Faransa da kuma na duniya kamar "Salon des Artistes Decorators" a Paris, Association Francaise d'Action Artistique a Rio de Janeiro, da Vienna, Toronto, Rome, Milan, da Cairo. [1]

Jouve ya mutu a shekarar 1964.  

## Littattafai da aka zaɓa
Brunhammer, Yovonne, Delaporte Guilemette. Le style des annees 30 a 50. Editions de l illustration Baschet & Cie, Paris, 1987.

Fare, Michel. La ceramique contemporaine. Compagnie des Arts Photomecaniques. Strasbourg, Paris. 1953.

## Manazarta
Steve Goldman

**Steven E. "Steve" Goldman** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1945) mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kuɗi ne na Amurka kuma tsohon kocin ƙwallon ƙafa na gridiron. Babban Mataimakin Shugaba ne kuma Mai Ba da Shawara kan Harkokin Kuɗi a UBS . Daga 1989 zuwa 1991 ya kasance babban kocin Ottawa Rough Riders na Canadian Football League .

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Goldman a ranar 8 ga Fabrairu, 1945, a Brooklyn .   Ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Colorado State Rams wasa a Tight end .

## Koyar da kwaleji
A shekarar 1966, Goldman ya fara aikinsa na koyarwa a matsayin mataimakin mai digiri na biyu a ƙarƙashin Bill Peterson a Jihar Florida .  A lokacin da yake can, ya kuma sami digirin Master of Science.  A shekarar 1968, ya zama kocin baya da mai karɓar 'yan wasa a Makarantar Sakandare ta Clearwater .  A Clearwater, Goldman da babban kocin Earle Brown sun shigar da wasan da suka yi fice. A shekarar 1969, an naɗa mai karɓar 'yan wasa na Clearwater Joel Parker a matsayin ɗan wasan *Parade* All-American da kuma na Class 2A na duk jihar.  A shekarar 1971, Bill Peterson ya zama babban kocin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Rice Owls kuma Goldman ya haɗu da shi a matsayin mataimakinsa.  Bayan kakar wasa ɗaya a matsayin kocin farko, Goldman ya shiga ƙungiyar varsity a matsayin kocin baya.  A shekarar 1974, ya zama mai kula da harin Owls.  A shekarar 1975, Louisville Cardinals Vince Gibson ya ɗauki Goldman aiki. Gibson yana son yin bugun ƙwallo mai nauyi, kuma ya girmama ilimin Goldman game da wasan ƙwallo mai nauyi.

## Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Kanada
A shekarar 1980, Goldman ya koma gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Kanada. Shi ne kocin baya na ƙungiyar Toronto Argonauts daga 1980 zuwa 1981, Hamilton Tiger-Cats daga 1982 zuwa 1983, Edmonton Eskimos daga 1984 zuwa 1987, kuma mai kula da hare-hare na ƙungiyar Saskatchewan Roughriders a 1988.  

Goldman ya kasance babban koci kuma darektan ayyukan ƙwallon ƙafa na Ottawa Rough Riders daga 1989 zuwa 1991. Ya yi rikodin jimillar 11-29 kuma ya shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a 1990 (rashin nasarar da aka samu a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na gasar Gabas ta Division da Toronto da ci 34-25). An kore shi daga aiki bayan da ya fara kakar wasa ta 1991 da ci 0-4 kuma Joe Faragalli ya maye gurbinsa. A cikin shekaru 13 da ya yi a CFL, Goldman ya horar da 'yan wasan quarterback da yawa masu nasara, ciki har da Condredge Holloway, Tom Clements, Dieter Brock, Matt Dunigan, Damon Allen, da Tom Burgess .

## Aikin horarwa bayan CFL
An ɗauki Goldman aiki don ya horar da Nevada Aces na Professional Spring Football League a shekarar 1992, amma gasar ta lalace kafin fara wasa. A watan Disamba na 1992 ya zama mataimakin kocin babban koci kuma kocin quarterbacks a Temple .

## Mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kuɗi
Goldman ya yi ritaya daga aikin koyarwa a shekarar 1997 kuma ya fara aiki a karo na biyu a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kuɗi a Morgan Stanley legacy Smith Barney. A watan Agusta na 2016, Goldman ya zama babban mataimakin shugaban ƙasa a UBS Financial Services. 

## Manazarta
Yakubu Zinariya

Jacob H. Gold ƙwararre ne a fannin tsara harkokin kuɗi na Amurka, farfesa a fannin kuɗi a Jami'ar Jihar Arizona, kuma marubuci.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Gold a Phoenix, Arizona ga Bill Gold da Sharon Gold.  Ya halarci Jami'ar Jihar Arizona inda ya sami digiri na farko a fannin nazarin fannoni daban-daban tare da mai da hankali kan tattalin arziki da tarihi.  Tun daga lokacin ya yi aiki a matsayin ƙwararren mai tsara tsare-tsare kan harkokin kuɗi.  

## Sana'a
Gold ya zama Mataimakin Shugaban Gold & Associates, Inc. a shekara ta 2000. A shekara ta 2001, Gold ya fara kamfaninsa na sarrafa dukiya wanda ke Scottsdale, Arizona mai suna Jacob Gold & Associates, Inc.    Gold kuma farfesa ne na Personal Financial Management a Jami'ar Jihar Arizona,  a matsayin Mataimakin Malamai. 

## Littattafai
A shekarar 2009, Gold ya buga littafinsa na farko mai suna *Financial Intelligence: Getting to the Basics after an Economic Meltdown* .    A shekarar 2015, Gold ya buga littafinsa na biyu mai suna *Money Mindset: Formating a Wealth Strategy in the 21st Century* . 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Gold ya auri matarsa Sara tun daga shekarar 2000. Suna da 'ya'ya uku. 

## Manazarta
Camille Le Tallec

**Camille Le Tallec** (9 ga Nuwamba, 1906 - 21 ga Agusta, 1991) ƙwararren mai gyaran faranti ne kuma mai zane na Faransa.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Camille Le Tallec a birnin Paris daga dangin Breton na Lorient da Picard. Ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1929 daga École du Louvre da ke birnin Paris tare da takardar digiri a kan Nast porcelain na ƙarni na 18.   Sannan ya karɓi ragamar, a shekarar 1930, ɗakin studio na porcelain da aka fentin da hannu na iyali wanda aka kafa a Belleville (Paris) a farkon ƙarni.

Cikin sauri, Le Tallec ya yanke shawarar ci gaba da al'adar yin fale-falen Vincennes da Sèvres, inda ya faɗaɗa ƙananan kasuwanci da na gida, Atelier Le Talec. A cikin shekaru talatin, ɗakin studio ya ƙirƙiri kayan tebura na fale-falen da aka fenti da hannu ga shahararrun mutane kamar Sarauniya Elizabeth ta Biyu ta Burtaniya, Sarakuna Mohammed na Biyar da Hassan na Biyu na Morocco, Ville de Paris ko Jamhuriyar Faransa, da sauransu. [1] [2]

A shekarar 1961, Le Tallec ya fara haɗin gwiwa mai kyau da kamfanin azurfa da kayan ado na Tiffany &amp;amp; Co  wanda ya kai ga shigar Atelier Le Tallec cikin kamfanin Amurka a shekarar 1990, shekara guda kafin mutuwarsa a Paris.  Tiffany's da Le Tallec sun tsara zane-zanen faranti na asali da na sirri masu nasara waɗanda za a iya gani a Viaduc des Arts na shukar promenade a gundumar 12 ta Paris da kuma a duk shagunan Tiffany's da ke Amurka.

## Manazarta
Wesley Gray

Wesley R. Gray marubuci ne ɗan ƙasar Amurka, tsohon soja kuma tsohon farfesa a fannin kuɗi. Ya fi shahara da littafinsa, EMBEDDED: A Marine Corps Advisor Inside the Iraqi Army, wanda ya ƙunshi labarin aikin soja na tsawon watanni takwas a Iraki .

## Rayuwar farko
Ya girma a gonar shanu a Colorado kuma bayan ya shafe wani ɓangare na ƙuruciyarsa a Arewacin California,   Gray ya kammala karatun magna cum laude daga Makarantar Wharton ta Jami'ar Pennsylvania tare da digirin farko na Kimiyya a fannin tattalin arziki a 2002.   Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya yi rajista a Jami'ar Chicago . 

## Aikin soja
A shekara ta 2004, Gray ya ɗauki hutun shekaru huɗu daga karatunsa don yin aiki a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Amurka.  Ya yi shekaru biyu na farko a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a Asiya.  A shekara ta 2006, Laftanar Janar Gray ya yi aiki a cikin Tawagar Canjin Sojoji a Haditha, Iraki a matsayin wani ɓangare na Operation Iraqi Freedom . A can ya yi aiki a matsayin jami'in da ke ba da shawara, jagoranci da tallafi ga 'yan Iraki maimakon Sojojin Musamman na Amurka waɗanda suka yi rauni sosai don yin aikin. Bayan aikinsa, ya zama kyaftin a Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Amurka. 

## Aikin bayan soja
Gray ya rubuta *EMBEDDED: Mai Ba da Shawara Kan Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa A Cikin Rundunar Sojojin Iraki*, wanda aka fitar a watan Afrilun 2009 kuma Cibiyar Nazarin Sojojin Ruwa ta Amurka ta buga.    Littafin mai shafuka 240 ya fito ne daga shafuka 1000 na bayanan sirri da ya rubuta a lokacin aikin soja na watanni takwas a Iraki don rabawa tare da matarsa da 'yarsa.   Bayan hidimarsa, ya sami digiri na MBA da digiri na uku a fannin kuɗi daga Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Booth ta Jami'ar Chicago a 2010.  

A shekara ta 2010, Gray ya kafa wani kamfani na saka hannun jari tare da Carl Kanner kuma da farko ya kula da kuɗi ga dangin attajirai.  A watan Disamba na 2012, Gray da marubucinsa Tobias Carlisle sun sami *QUANTITIVE VALUE: Jagorar Masu Aiki don Atomating Intelligent Investment da kuma kawar da kurakuran Halayya* wanda John Wiley &amp;amp; Sons ya buga.  Gray shine wanda ya kafa kuma Babban Manajan Gudanarwa na Empiritrage, LLC da Turnkey Analyst, LLC. Shi kuma Mataimakin Farfesa ne na Kuɗi a Kwalejin Kasuwanci ta LeBow ta Jami'ar Drexel.  Ya bayyana cewa  , kamfanin ayyukan kuɗi na Alpha Architect ya mallaki kadarori na dala miliyan 200 kuma ya ɗauki ma'aikata 10 na cikakken lokaci.  Zuwa Disamba 2014, kamfanin ya ƙaddamar da asusun musayar kuɗi na biyu (ETF) &#x2014; bayan tayin farko na Oktoba. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Ana kiran matar Gray Katie.  Suna da 'ya'ya mata biyu  da ɗa ɗaya.  A lokacin da yake aiki a rundunar sojojin ruwa, Gray ya koyi yin magana da Larabci . 

## Manazarta
Henri-Léon Gréber

Henri-Léon Greber (28 ga Mayu 1854 - 4 ga Yuni 1941) [1] ƙwararren mai sassaka ne na Faransa, kuma ya lashe lambar yabo . [2] Ɗansa shi ne mai zane Jacques Gréber . Yana aiki a Amurka, ya samar da sassaka na mutum- mutumin dawaki guda huɗu na Harbor Hill a 1910, (an gyara shi a 1957 kuma an girka shi a Mill Creek Park, kusa da Country Club Plaza a Kansas City, Missouri ) da kuma kwafin The Kiss a Gidan Tarihi na Philadelphia Rodin .

## Shahararrun ayyuka

* Monument aux morts (Oise)
* An ƙera sassaken tagulla mai suna Dancing Sprites a shekarar 1900. Yana tsakiyar wani tushe na siminti wanda ya samar da tsakiyar marmaro. Ana iya samunsa a titin California na Huntington Park a saman tudun Nob a San Francisco. Mrs. James Flood ce ta ba da gudummawarta ga birnin a shekarar 1942 kuma mallakar Hukumar Fasaha ta San Francisco ce. Sassaken yana ɗauke da yara uku tsirara da aka lulluɓe su da kintinkiri. Suna riƙe da hannuwa suna rawa a cikin da'ira.
* Maɓuɓɓugar Ruwa ta Mill Creek Park (wanda a da ake kira JC Nichols Memorial Fountain) tana a Emanuel Cleaver II Blvd da Mill Creek Parkway, a ƙofar gabas ta shahararren gundumar Country Club Plaza da ke Kansas City, Missouri. Maɓuɓɓugar ruwa ita ce maɓuɓɓugar ruwa mafi shahara kuma mafi ɗaukar hoto a birnin Kansas. An sassaka mutum-mutumin dawakai huɗu, yara huɗu da mutum-mutumin kifi na alkama (a tsakiya) a shekarar 1910 don ƙawata gidan Clarence Mackay, wani mai kuɗi na Amurka, a Long Island, New York. An lalata maɓuɓɓugar ruwa kuma wasu sassanta sun ɓace. A shekarar 1951, iyalan Nichols sun fara siyan da kuma shigar da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa, wanda ba wai kawai iyalin ba ne suka ba da kuɗinta, har ma da Kansas City da kuma gudummawar da suka bayar, gami da tarin kayan makaranta na yankin Kansas City. Herman Frederick Simon ne ya gyara ta kuma ya keɓe ta a shekarar 1960 a matsayin Maɓuɓɓugar Ruwa ta JC Nichols Memorial. Tana da jaruman dawaki huɗu waɗanda aka yi ta rade-radin cewa suna wakiltar manyan koguna huɗu: Kogin Mississippi (yana yaƙi da kada), Seine, Rhine, da Kogin Volga (tare da beyar). A cikin 2014, an yi babban gyaran marmaro wanda Gidauniyar Taimako ta Miller Nichols ta ba da kuɗi. A lokacin bazara na 2020, al'ummar Kansas City sun yi kira da a canza sunan don kada a sake yin bikin JC Nichols bisa ga gaskiyar cewa ya haɗa da ƙa'idodin ja a cikin yarjejeniyar gina gidaje. Babban taken marmaro mai faɗin ƙafa 80 shine Martanin Mill Creek Park.

## Manazarta
David Guéron

**David Guéron** (1892–1950) wani mai zane-zanen gilashin Art Deco ne a birnin Paris .

An haifi Guéron ga iyayen Yahudawa 'yan Spain a Edirne . A shekara ta 1914, ya shiga rundunar sojojin ƙasashen waje ta Faransa, wadda ta tura shi yaƙi a Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, inda ya ji rauni.  

## Samar da gilashi
Bayan ya koma rayuwar farar hula, Guéron ya zauna a Compiègne, inda aka sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Armistice a ranar 11 ga Nuwamba 1918, kuma ya kafa ayyukan gilashinsa na Cristalleries De Compiègne. A Compiègne, ya ƙera kayan gilashi masu aiki, amma Nunin Kayayyaki na Duniya na Fasaha na Zamani da Masana'antu na 1925 ya sa ya ƙware a fannin kayan gilashi masu tsada. A shekara mai zuwa, Cristalleries De Compiègne ya kafa masana'anta a Boulevard Malesherbes da kuma wani gidan tarihi a Avenue de Paris (dukansu a Paris), kuma ya ɗauki alamar Verrerie d'Art Degué, "Degué" wanda aka yi wa lakabi da "David Guéron".  A can Guéron ya samar da galibin chandeliers da vases na Art Deco, ta amfani da launuka iri-iri. Ya kuma samar da na'urorin nauyi, kwano, kwalaben turare, kayan stemware, fitilun gilashi da inuwar fitilun rufi na hemispherical.

Guéron ya yi aiki tare da Edouard Cazaux da Auguste Labouret cikin nasara. Na ƙarshe ya zana mafi girman tsari na Cristalleries De Compiègne: bangon SS Normandie .

### Ragewa
Guéron yana da mummunar hamayya da Charles Schneider kuma ya ɗauki hayar ƙwararrun masu fasaha daga masana'antar Schneider. [1] Schneider's Société Anonyme des Verreries ya kai ƙarar Cristalleries De Compiègne saboda kwaikwayonsu. Shari'ar ta raunana kamfanonin biyu a lokacin da aka warware shari'ar a 1932. Cristalleries De Compiègne ta ƙara raunana a 1936 sakamakon yajin aikin gama gari kuma ta daina samarwa. A lokacin barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, an wargaza Cristalleries De Compiègne kuma Guéron ya bar Faransa zuwa Amurka. [2]

## Manazarta
René Quéré

**René Quéré** (26 ga Mayu 1932 - 17 ga Agusta 2021) ɗan Faransa ne mai zane, mai zane, mai zane, kuma malami . 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife shi a ranar 26 ga Mayu 1932 a sashen Finistère na Brittany, Quéré ya yi karatu a École régionale des beaux-arts de Quimper kuma ya koyar da shi a Jos Le Corre [fr] da Pierre Toulhoat [fr] . A lokacin karatunsa, ya kan je wani kamfanin Quimper faience . Bayan shekaru biyu na koyon aiki a kamfanin, ya rina enamel da aka cire da manganese dioxide.

Quéré ya yi aikinsa a matsayin mai zane mai zaman kansa, yana gudanar da nune-nunen a Brittany, Paris, Belgium, da Jamus.

René Quéré ya mutu a ranar 17 ga Agusta, 2021 yana da shekaru 89.

## Littattafai

* *Hotuna de l'Iroise-Sein-Molène*

## Tarin jama'a

### Belgium

* Musée Merghelynck ( Ypres ) 

### Faransa

* Musée des Beaux-Arts de Brest 
* Zauren Garin Briec
* Zauren Garin Douarnenez
* Cosmos Foyer des PTT ( Lanion )
* Musée des beaux-arts de Morlaix
* Zauren Garin Plounévez-Lochrist
*  ( Kwantar da hankali ) 
* Musée des Beaux-Arts de Quimper 
* 
* 
* Chapelle Saint-Jean (  )

## Nunin Nunin

* 1955: Saluden gallery a Quimper, earthenware da gouaches.
* 1956: Salon des artistes de Cornouilles, Quimper Museum.
* 1960: Paris, Majalisar Brittany.
* 2002 (Maris-Afrilu): Gloux Gallery, Concarneau.
* Daga Disamba 4, 2008, zuwa Janairu 3, 2009: Galerie Françoise Livinec, Paris, Mai zanen Breton René Quéré a Paris.

## Manazarta
Ruby I. Gilbert

**Ruby Irene Gilbert** (Disamba 1, 1851 - Agusta 20, 1945) mace ce 'yar kasuwa 'yar Amurka da ke da alaƙa da ƙungiyar fararen fata ta tsawon shekaru 70, musamman ƙungiyar Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU).

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Ruby Irene Gilbert a Junius, New York, 1 ga Disamba, 1851. Iyayenta asalin New England ne. Iyayenta su ne Silas B. Gilbert (1819–1894) da Julia (née, Gage) (an haife su a 1820). Silas, kamar mahaifinsa da ya gabace shi, malamin Baptist ne kuma ya yi karatu a makarantun gwamnati da makarantun gaba da sakandare na yammacin New York . Ya yi aikin majagaba a Illinois .  Julia shugaba ce a da'irar addini da kame kai. Sadaukarwa da sadaukarwar da iyayenta suka buƙata, suna rayuwa cikin mawuyacin hali na masu yawo, sun burge kansu da 'yarsu. Ta tafi Illinois tare da iyayenta a 1855, kuma an yi renon ta a garin Mendota, Illinois .  'Yan'uwan Ruby sune Herbert (an haife su a 1847), Edwin (an haife su a 1851), Newell (an haife su a 1854), da Nettie (an haife su a 1859). 

Iliminta gaba ɗaya yana cikin makarantun gwamnati ne. A cikin hulɗa daban-daban da ta ci gaba, Gilbert ta sami horo mai zurfi da kuma cikakken horo kan kasuwanci. 

## Sana'a
Gilbert ta yi aikin malanta a Freeport, Illinois, lokacin da Frances Willard ta yi lacca a can a farkon ƙungiyar mata ta Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, sannan ta fara sha'awar aikin kame kai . Shekaru da yawa, Gilbert ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar rikodi ta WCTU ta Illinois kuma mai kula da lissafin ƙungiyar wallafe-wallafen mata, inda ta sarrafa daga  zuwa  a shekara. 

A shekara ta 1882, Gilbert ta haɗu da Mary Bannister Willard, wacce a wancan lokacin ita ce editan *The Union Signal* . Tun daga lokacin, Gilbert ta ci gaba da dangantaka mai kyau da Mary Willard, inda ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin wakilinta na shari'a a harkokin kasuwanci a Amurka bayan da aka kafa American School for Girls a Berlin, Jamus, a shekara ta 1885. Gilbert ta raka 'yan mata zuwa makarantar Willard, kuma ta ba da gudummawa ga nasarar wannan kasuwancin. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Gilbert ta mutu a wani gidan hutu a Wilmette, Illinois, a ranar 20 ga Agusta, 1945. A da, tana zaune a Evanston, Illinois a Otal ɗin Monett,  yayin da take zaune a "Hutu Cottage", wanda shine gidan Frances Willard kafin ya zama Hedkwatar Ƙasa ta WCTU. 

## Manazarta
Georges Gimel

**Georges Gimel** (Maris 8, 1898 &#x2013; Janairu 21, 1962), ɗan Faransa ne mai zane - zanen hotuna, shimfidar wurare, shimfidar tsaunuka, rayuwa mai rai da furanni. Haka kuma ya kasance mai sassaka itace, mai zane-zanen litographer, mai zane-zane, mai tsara saitin abubuwa, mai sassaka abubuwa, da kuma mai zane-zanen enamel.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Gimel a Domène ( Isère ), Faransa . Ya zauna a Domène da Grenoble, inda ya yi karatu a École des Arts Industriels, har zuwa lokacin da ya kai shekara 16 a lokacin da ya koma Paris . Gimel ya zauna a Paris na tsawon shekaru 20; daga baya ya raba lokacinsa tsakanin Megève, Annecy, Grenoble da Paris. Ya shiga yakin duniya na farko da yakin duniya na biyu .

A shekarar 1916 ya yi karatu a École des Beaux-Arts na Paris, a Studio na Jean-Paul Laurens da kuma a École des Arts Décoratifs . Bayan yaƙin a shekarar 1919 ya dawo a École des Beaux Arts, a Studio na Jean-Antoine Injalbert . A lokaci guda, ya zama ɗalibi na Académie Julian  kuma ya yi aiki tare da mai sassaka Henri Bouchard, abokin yaƙin.

Gimel shi ne darektan fasaha na bitar adabi *na Tentatives* tare da Henri Petiot (Daniel Rops) don wani bugu na musamman da aka keɓe ga Stendhal . Ya ƙirƙiri sassaka da yawa na itace, ciki har da hoton Déodat de Séverac wanda mallakar Bibliothèque Nationale de Paris ne.

Ya shiga cikin Salon d'Automne da Salon des Indépendants daga 1921 har zuwa 1934. Gimel ya kirkiro zane mafi girma na Salon d'Automne a 1927, mai suna *La cueillette des amandes* .

Tun da farko Andry-Farcy, mai kula da Gidan Tarihi na Grenoble, wanda ya goyi bayan "Peintres Modernes", da kuma mai sukar fasaha Félix Fénéon sun lura da baiwar tasa.

## Manazarta
Mathurin Méheut

**Mathurin Méheut** (21 ga Mayu 1882 - 22 ga Fabrairu 1958) ɗan Faransa ne mai zane, mai yin yumbu, mai sassaka, da kuma mai sassaka wanda aka fi sani da zane-zanen Breton, teku, da yanayi.

An haifi Méheut a cikin dangin masu sana'a a Lamballe, Brittany, kuma ya koyi aikin mai zanen gida kafin ya shiga École des Beaux-Arts de Rennes a 1898, daga nan ya sauke karatu yana da shekaru 20. Daga nan ya halarci École nationale supérieure des arts decoratifs a Paris, yana aiki don karatun Arts decoratifs a Paris. A cikin 1906 ya nuna tare da Société des Artistes Français .

Daga 1910 zuwa 1912, Méheut ya yi aiki tare da masana kimiyyar halittu a tashar nazarin halittu ta ruwa ta Roscoff don nuna rayuwar ruwa. Wannan lokacin ya ƙare da wani littafi ( Etude de la mer, flore et faune de la Manche et de l'Océan ) da ayyuka 450 da aka nuna a Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha a 1913. A shekarar 1914, Gidauniyar Albert Kahn ta ba shi tallafin karatu na tafiye-tafiye saboda ziyarar da ya kai Hawaii da Japan a 1914, amma tafiyarsa ta gajarta sakamakon Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya .

A shekarar 1921, Méheut ya zama mai zane na hukuma a Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Faransa, kuma a shekarar 1925 ya fara ƙawata jiragen ruwan fasinja na kasuwanci, ciki har da SS Normandie . Tsakanin yaƙe-yaƙen duniya, ya zana littattafai ga marubuta ciki har da Colette, Maurice Genevoix, da Pierre Loti, sannan ya ƙirƙiri kayan yumbu a Henriot da ke Quimper, a Manufacture nationale de Sèvres, da kuma a Villeroy &amp;amp; Boch da ke Sarre. A shekarun 1940, ya koyar a École des Beaux-Arts de Rennes, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ado ga Institut de Géologie de Rennes, kuma ya kammala zane-zanensa na Florian Le Roy 's **' .

Musée Mathurin Méheut a Lamballe, wanda aka ƙirƙira a cikin 1972, yana adana aikinsa.

== Manazarta ==

* Denise Delouche, Anne de Stoop, Patrick Le Tie, ''Mathurin Méheut'', Chasse-Marée, 2004.  .
* Patrick Jude, Elisabeth Jude, Hélène Jude, **', Ouest-France, 2004. ISBN&nbsp; .
* Tarihin Lamballe Tourisme 
* Idbury Prints biography
Anthony L. Gardner

**Anthony Luzzatto Gardner** (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga Mayu, 1963) shi ne Jakadan Amurka a Tarayyar Turai . An rantsar da shi a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu, 2014, kuma ya bar aikinsa a ranar 20 ga Janairu, 2017.  

A shekarar 2020, ya rubuta littafin Stars with Stripes wanda "ya samar da hanyar nazari da sauƙin fahimta game da yadda Amurka da Tarayyar Turai suka yi aiki tare yadda ya kamata kan batutuwa da dama kamar ciniki, tattalin arzikin dijital, sauyin yanayi da sauransu." An saka littafin a cikin jerin mafi kyawun littattafan manufofin ƙasashen waje na 2020 wanda mujallar Harkokin Waje ta buga.

## Ilimi
Gardner, wanda ya kammala karatunsa a Kwalejin Phillips Exeter a shekarar 1981, yana da digiri na farko a fannin gwamnati daga Jami'ar Harvard, digiri na MPhil a fannin hulɗa da ƙasashen duniya daga Jami'ar Oxford, digiri na JD daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Columbia, da digiri na biyu a fannin kuɗi daga Makarantar Kasuwanci ta London . Yana iya magana da Faransanci da Italiyanci sosai, kuma yana iya magana da Refinance. 

## Sana'a
Gardner a halin yanzu shine Manajan Abokin Hulɗa na ƙungiyar hannun jari masu zaman kansu ta Brookfield, wacce ke Landan. Kafin ya zama jakadan Amurka a Tarayyar Turai, Gardner ya kasance manajan darakta na tsawon shekaru shida a wani kamfanin hannun jari mai zaman kansa da ke Landan. Kafin hakan ya yi aiki a Bank of America da GE Capital da ke Landan, da kuma wasu kamfanonin lauyoyi na duniya da dama a London, Brussels, Paris da New York. Ya kuma yi aiki da Hukumar Tarayyar Turai (Darakta Janar kan Tsarin Gasar), Hukumar Operations de Bourse da ke Paris da kuma Treuhandanstalt (Ma'aikatar Kula da Kamfanonin Jamus) da ke Berlin.  Ya zauna a Landan tare da iyalansa tun watan Yulin 2000.

### Aikin diflomasiyya
Gardner ya yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Harkokin Turai a Majalisar Tsaron Ƙasa a tsakanin 1994-95.  A shekarar 2013, Shugaba Obama ya naɗa shi don jagorantar Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka a Tarayyar Turai . A cikin shaidarsa a gaban Majalisar Dattawa a ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 2013, ya lura cewa ɗaya daga cikin manyan manufofinsa shine "taimakawa wajen cimma wani babban haɗin gwiwa na Ciniki da Zuba Jari na Transatlantic, ko T-TIP, wanda zai sanya tattalin arzikinmu ya yi nasara a ƙarni na 21."  Majalisar Dattawa ta amince da shi a ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, 2014. 

Haka kuma memba ne na Majalisar Hulɗa da Ƙasashen Waje, memba na kwamitin ba da shawara na Cibiyar Gyaran Turai, Cibiyar Manufofin Turai ta Ƙungiyar EC ta Amurka da Seed Global Health. Babban memba ne na Asusun Marshall na Jamus wanda ba mazauninsa ba. Ya yi aiki a matsayin amintaccen Guggenheim UK Charitable Trust, kuma memba na kwamitin Peggy Guggenheim Collection da ke Venice. 

Ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Hukumar Daraktocin Brookfield Business Partners tsakanin Yuni 2017 da Yuni 2020, kuma a matsayin memba na Hukumar Daraktocin Scottish Power tsakanin Agusta 2017 da Afrilu 2018. An naɗa shi memba na Hukumar Daraktocin Iberdrola a watan Afrilu 2018. 

## Manazarta