open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Rupert da Jam'iyyar Toymaker

Rupert and the Toymaker's Party wasa ne na bidiyo wanda Martin Walker ya kirkira kuma Quicksilva ta buga shi a shekarar 1985. An haɓaka shi don Commodore 64 da ZX Spectrum.

Wasan ya dogara ne akan Rupert Bear, zane-zane na Burtaniya da kuma wasan kwaikwayo wanda aka kirkira a 1920 ta hanyar mai zane-zane ta Burtaniya Mary Tourtel. A cikin wannan wasan kwaikwayo na dandamali mai kunnawa yana ɗaukar matsayin Rupert the Bear kuma manufar ita ce zuwa wata ƙungiya a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo, don saduwa da abokansa. Dangane da layin labarin wannan kasada, Rupert ya yi marigayi don jam'iyyar kuma dole ne ya shiga cikin gidan sarauta yana tattara duk gayyatar jam'iyyar da abokansa suka bar masa.

## Wasanni
Wasan ya kasu kashi bakwai, kowannensu yana da fuska huɗu kuma yana kunshe da bene uku da aka haɗa ta hanyar matakan da Rupert ke amfani da su don hawa da ƙasa. A kowane matakin akwai kayan wasa da tsuntsaye waɗanda suka yi fushi saboda ba a gayyace su zuwa jam'iyyar ba kuma yanzu suna ƙoƙarin dakatar da Rupert daga tafiya. Kowane matakin yana da nau'ikan daban-daban da yawan abokan gaba kamar sojoji masu tafiya, jiragen ruwa masu wasa, jiragen sama masu wasa, Jack-out-of-the-boxes da mugayen tsuntsaye. Matsayin wahala yana ƙaruwa tare da kowane matakin. Idan Rupert ya taɓa kowane kayan wasa zai rasa ɗaya daga cikin rayuwarsa ta kuzari. Har ila yau, akwai wasu abokan tarayya da za su taimaka wa Rupert a kan hanyarsa ta zuwa jam'iyyar. Misali, Rupert na iya tsalle a kan fararen tsuntsaye da jiragen sama kuma za su kai shi ga dandamali da ba za a iya isa ba na gidan sarauta. Da zarar Rupert ya tattara duk gayyatar jam'iyya a wani matakin, ƙofar zuwa matakin na gaba za ta buɗe. Dole ne ya kammala dukkan matakai bakwai kafin ya shiga jam'iyyar. Idan duk rayuka ko dama sun ɓace, Rupert kawai ya daina kuma ya bar gidan sarauta.

## Karɓar baƙi
Magazine reviews of the time praised the game for its graphics and sound effects, including the size of the sprites, the details and colors of the background, capturing the flavour of the original book illustrations, and the music and sound effects.&#x5B;&#x5D;

## Bincike

* *Mai amfani da Commodore*
* *Wasannin Kwamfuta da Bidiyo*
* *Zzap!*
* *Tilt*

## Manazarta
Ayyukan Ultra Mega Solar Power

Ultra Mega Solar Power Projects, wanda aka fi sani da Ultra Mega Solar Parks, jerin ayyukan hasken rana ne da Ma'aikatar Sabon da Sabuntawa ta Gwamnatin Tarayyar Indiya ta shirya. Kowane aikin wutar lantarki yana da mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin 500 MW.

A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2014, Gwamnatin Indiya ta gabatar da wani makirci don kafa akalla wuraren shakatawa na hasken rana 25 da ayyukan Ultra Mega Solar Power, suna ƙara sama da 20 GW na ƙarfin hasken rana. Gwamnatin Tsakiya tana ba da tallafin kuɗi don gina waɗannan ayyukan hasken rana. A watan Fabrairun 2017, Ma'aikatar Tarayyar ta kara yawan adadin wuraren shakatawa na hasken rana zuwa 50 tare da jimlar damar 40 GW. Ya zuwa watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2017, ana gina wuraren shakatawa na hasken rana 34 a fadin jihohi 21.

## Jerin ayyukan

 

## Manazarta
Shirin rage gas na New South Wales

Tsarin rage iskar gas ta New South Wales (wanda aka fi sani da **GGAS**) wani shiri ne na kasuwanci na iskar gas wanda ke da niyyar rage iskar iskar gas a New South Wales, Australia, zuwa tan 7.27 na carbon dioxide ga kowane mutum a shekara ta 2007, wanda ya fara a ranar 1 ga Janairun 2003.

Shirin ya sanya wajibai ga masu sayar da wutar lantarki na NSW da wasu jam'iyyun, gami da manyan masu amfani da wutar lantarki waɗanda suka zaba don gudanar da nasu ma'auni don rage wani ɓangare na hayakin gas wanda ya danganta da tallace-tallace / amfani da wutar wuta a NSW. Sun yi wannan ta hanyar sayen da kuma wanke takardar shaidar NSW Greenhouse Abatement Certificates (wanda aka fi sani da NGACs), wani nau'in bashi na carbon, wanda aka kirkira ta hanyar "Abatement Certificate Providers" (ACPs). 

Ministan NSW na Makamashi, Chris Hartcher, ya sanar da rufe shirin a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2012, wanda ya fara aiki daga ranar 30 ga Yuni na shekara ta 2012.  Shirin Rage Gas na Greenhouse (GGAS) ya rufe a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2012. Gwamnatin NSW ta rufe GGAS don kauce wa maimaitawa tare da Farashin carbon na Commonwealth wanda ya fara a ranar 1 ga Yulin 2012. 

## Manazarta
Gudun kan iyaka

***Gudun kan iyaka  akaron fari an yimishi Laƙabi da***(***The Mule***) shirin wasan kwaikwayo ne na kasada wanda akayi aƙasar Amurka a shekarar 2012 , wanda  Lucas Jarach yaɗauki nauyi shi kuma  Gabriela Tagliavini yabada umarni. Shirin wasan kwaikwayon an shirya shi ne akan wani lamari da ya faru a gaske sannan aka sake shi ta hanyar Kasset ɗin DVD a Fabrairu na shekarar 2013. Jaruma Sharon Stone itace a matsayin yar jaridar ƙasar Amurika wacce take neman ɗan uwanta daya ɓata. Wasan kwaikwayon ya nuna human yanda ake safarar Mutane tsakanin iyakar Tarayyar Amurka da ƙasar Mexico. Labarin shirin yafaru ne a gaske akan 

Sofie Talbert 'yar jarida ce mai tsananin bin Ƙwa-ƙwafi akan Shige da fice ba bisa ka'ida ba zuwa Amurka. Da ta san cewa ɗan'uwanta a Mexico ya ɓata  sai ta je neman shi kuma ta bankaɗo mummunan gaskiyar halin daymutanen  ke cikin haɗari don ƙetarewa zuwa cikin Jihohi.

Shirin Gudan iyaka ya  sami shaidar Mafi Kyawun Fim a 2013 ta  image foudation lambar yabo. 

An bayyana fim din a matsayin "Daukar Dutse. Wani bita mai rikitarwa a cikin PEP ya sami fim din "marar zuciya"  yayin da The *Japan Times* ta bayyana cewa "an yi amfani da kyawawan 'yan leƙen asiri na tsohuwar tawagar". 

Wasan kwaikwayon ya bayyana cewa wasu marasa iznin sau biyu ana korarsu daga ƙasashensu na asali, wanda suka ratso tsakiyar Amurika zuwa Amrika zuwa Mexico daga karshe Tarayyar Amrika. wand hakan yake ƙara haɗuran dasuke fuskanta ace.&#x5B;**&#x5D;
Garin Tarihi na Antwerp

Ƙauyen Antwerp Historic District gundumar tarihi ce ta ƙasa da ke Antwerp a gundumar Jefferson, New York.  Gundumar ta ƙunshi gine-gine masu ba da gudummawa 241, wuraren bayar da gudummawa guda huɗu, tsarin bayar da gudummawa ɗaya, da abu guda ɗaya.  Ya ƙunshi mafi yawan ƙauyen kuma ya haɗa da gidaje, kasuwanci, gine-ginen jama'a, da majami'u, wurin shakatawa na tunawa da abin tunawa, makabarta biyu, da gadar baka ta dutse.  Yawancin gine-ginen an gina su ne tsakanin 1840 zuwa 1900.[1].

An jera shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places a shekara ta 2001.
Wakilin yanayi

**Wakilin yanayi** shine mutumin da ke da alhakin diflomasiya game da sauyin yanayi .     Suna iya wakiltar wata ƙasa, kamar wakilin shugaban ƙasar Amurka na musamman kan yanayi, ƙungiyar kamar EU,  ko wata ƙungiya, kamar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya . 

Jakadun yanayi galibi jami'an gwamnati ne waɗanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin motsi na canjin yanayi. Suna inganta aiki da wayar da kan jama'a ta hanyar aiwatar da dokoki, shirye-shirye, da manufofi da kuma ta hanyar hadin gwiwa a cikin gida, jihohi, ƙasa, da kuma kasa da kasa. Ta hanyar sauƙaƙe sadarwa ta diflomasiyya, daidaita haɗin gwiwa tsakanin jam'iyyun daban-daban, da wakiltar takamaiman sha'awa a tattaunawar kasa da kasa, jakadun yanayi suna aiki a matsayin mahimman masu hulɗa a cikin mulkin yanayi mai yawa, suna taimakawa wajen jagorantar da aiwatar da ingantaccen tsarin yanayi na duniya. A matsayin rikicin duniya, canjin yanayi da tattara shi yana da zurfi a cikin siyasa da diflomasiyyar kasa da kasa. Sabili da haka, fahimtar tasirin, iyawa, da alhakin jakadun yanayi yana da mahimmanci.

## Tarihin Jakadancin Yanayi
Gwamnatoci sun fara magance canjin yanayi a ƙarshen karni na ashirin, a lokacin da manyan abubuwan da suka faru kamar Taron Yanayi na Duniya na farko (1979), wanda shine babban taron farko na kasa da kasa wanda ya mayar da hankali kai tsaye kan canjin yanayi, da kuma Yarjejeniyar Montreal (1987) ya faru. Duk da yake akwai jami'an gwamnati da yawa da kuma adadi waɗanda suka ba da fifiko ga aikin canjin yanayi, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UN) ta fara kirkirar taken hukuma na "manzon yanayi". A ranar 1 ga Mayu, 2007, Ban Ki-moon, wanda shi ne Sakatare Janar a lokacin, ya nada mutane uku don aiki a matsayin Wakilan Musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Canjin Yanayi: tsohon Firayim Ministan Norway da Kwamitin Duniya kan Muhalli da Ci Gaban Gro Harlem Brundtland, tsohon shugaban Majalisar Dinkinobho da Ministan Harkokin Waje da Kasuwanci na Jamhuriyar Koriya Han Seung Soo, da tsohon shugaban Chile Ricardo Lagos.

## Wakilan yanayi a matakin gida

### Shugabannin cikin Ƙungiyar Canjin Yanayi

### Tasirin Wakilan Yanayi akan Manufofin Canjin Yanayi

## Wakilan yanayi a matakin birni

### Michael Bloomberg An nada shi a matsayin Jakadan Musamman na Birane da Canjin Yanayi

### Tasirin Jakadan Yanayi a kan Manufofin Canjin Yanayi na Birni

## Wakilan yanayi a matakin kasa

### Naɗin John Kerry na Gwamnatin Biden a matsayin wakilin yanayi na farko na Amurka

### Wakilan yanayi a kasashe masu tasowa

### Wakilan yanayi a kasashe masu tasowa

### Tasirin Jakadan Yanayi akan Manufofin Canjin Yanayi na Kasa

## Wakilan yanayi a matakin kasa da kasa

### Wakilan Yanayi da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta nada

### Wakilan Yanayi da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta nada

### Muhimman Abubuwan Canjin Yanayi na Duniya da Abubuwa

### Tasirin Wakilan Yanayi akan Manufofin Canjin Yanayi na Duniya

## Masu aikawa da Yanayi A yau: Ta yaya Abubuwan da ke faruwa a yanzu ke shafar Hakkin Jakadancin Yanayi?

## Manazarta
Sashen Balléyara

**Balléyara** sashe ne da ke a Yankin Tillabéri, Nijar. Gidan gudanarwan sashen  na a birnin Tagazar. Ya zuwa shekara ta 2012, sashen yana da yawan jama'a  dubu 107,134. 

## Tarihi
Sashen ya koma karkashin ofishin gudanarwa (poste administratif) na Balleyara, wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1971. A shekara ta 2011, sashen ada yana a ƙarƙashin sashen Filingué, amman daga baya an mayar da shi a karkashin ikon sashen Balleyara.

## Manyan hukumomi
Ma'aikatar Balléyara ta kasu gida ɗaya kacal, ga alkaluman yawan jama'a kamar yadda kididdigar 2012 ta kasance na sashen:

* Tagazar (107,134)

## Manazarta
Yanayin yanayi na Porto

Porto da yankinta na birni suna da Yanayin Bahar Rum (Köppen: *Csb*) tare da hunturu mai laushi da lokacin rani mai zafi. Dangane da rarrabawar yanayi na Troll-Paffen, Porto tana da yanayi mai zafi mai zafi (Warmgemäßigt-subtropisches Zonenklima),  da kuma yanayin zafi bisa ga Siegmund / Frankenberg.  Porto ita ce babbar birni mafi ruwan sama tare da yanayin Bahar Rum.

## Rarrabawar

## Yanayin zafi

### Al'ada
Porto yana da matsakaicin yanayin zafi gabaɗaya.&amp;nbsp; Matsakaicin matsakaicin tsayi na shekara yana kusa da 20 °C (68 °F) kuma matsakaicin ƙasa yana kusa da 11 °C (52 °F).&amp;nbsp; Har ila yau, yanayin yanayin yanayi ne kawai, daga maxima na 14 °C (57 °F) a watan Janairu zuwa 25–26 °C (77–79 °F) a watan Agusta, yayin da minima ke kusa da 5–6 °C (41–43 °F) a watan Janairu da 15–16 °C (59–61 °F) a watan Yuli.&amp;nbsp; A cikin babban birni, ƙarancin watan Janairu na iya bambanta tsakanin 7 °C (45 °F) a bakin teku da 3 °C (37 °F) akan dutsen ciki, kuma tsayin Agusta ya bambanta tsakanin 24 °C (75 °F) a bakin teku da 28 °C (82 °F) a ciki kusa da kwarin Douro..

### Ƙarfin Ƙarfin
Saboda matsayinta na bakin teku, yanayin zafi a ƙasa da daskarewa ( ° C (32 ° F)) ba shi da yawa, kuma sanyi ba ya da tsanani. An sanya Porto a cikin yankin hardiness na USDA 10a .  Mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki da aka taɓa yin rikodin a cikin birni ya kasance -4.1 ° C (24.6 ° F) a ranar 11 ga Janairun 1941.

## Ruwan sama
Porto tana da matakan hazo masu yawa. Duk da matsakaicin sama da   in) na hazo a shekara, Yuli da Agusta suna da bushewa tare da kusan 15-30  in) faduwa kowane wata. Lokacin da ya fi ruwan sama yana tsakanin Oktoba da Fabrairu, galibi tsakanin Oktoba da Disamba, watan da ya fi ruwa.

## Rashin zafi
Matsakaicin zafi na dangi yana kusa da 77%. 81% daga Nuwamba zuwa Janairu da 73% a lokacin rani. Lokacin rani na iya zama dan kadan a cikin kwanakin da suka fi zafi amma gabaɗaya yana da dadi, saboda yanayin zafi ba ya wuce  ° C (86 ° F). 

## Sauran abubuwan da suka faru

### Hasken rana, UV da hasken rana
Duk da hazo, jimlar sa'o'i na hasken rana na al'ada ne ga yankin latitude. Lokacin hunturu, musamman Disamba, yana da ɗan wahala, kuma lokacin rani yana da rana.

### Iska
A matsayin birni na bakin teku na Atlantic, iskõki sun fi yawa a cikin hunturu. A lokacin rani, iskar arewa tana da rinjaye kuma tana iya sabunta birnin a kwanakin da suka fi zafi. Cibiyar birni tana da kariya kuma ba ta samun iska mai ƙarfi.

## Yanayin Ruwa

## Bayanan 1961-1990
Anne Frank Human Rights Memorial

**[[Anne Frank]] Human Rights Memorial** wani yanki ne na   da kuma wurin shakatawa na ilimi a Boise, Idaho kusa da ɗakin karatu na Boise da Greenbelt, wanda tsakiya shine mutum-mutumi na Anne Frank. Cibiyar Wassmuth ta 'Yancin Dan Adam da Ma'aikatar Boise ta Parks and Recreation ne ke kula da hadin gwiwa, kuma ita ce kawai abin tunawa da Anne Frank a Amurka. An tsara shi ne ta hanyar gine-ginen Idaho Falls Kurt Karst, tsiro na Anne Frank Tree da kuma ambaton wasu sanannun mutane sittin da ba a sani ba (ciki har da mawaƙa, masu gwagwarmaya, 'yan siyasa da diflomasiyya, waɗanda suka tsira daga Holocaust, da waɗanda ba su yi ba) sanannun shigarwa ne. Har ila yau, yana da ɗaya daga cikin 'yan shigarwa inda cikakken rubutun Universal Declaration of Human Rights yake a kan nuni na dindindin na jama'a. Gidan shakatawa ya sami amincewar International Coalition of Sites of Conscience .  An gyara shi sosai a watan Satumbar 2018, tare da ɗakin aji na waje da sabon siffar, "The Spiral of Injustice".

Mai binciken gidan kayan gargajiya Brigitte Sion ya rubuta cewa a cikin neman amfani da Anne Frank a matsayin alama ga batutuwan duniya da na parish, abin tunawa yana ba da tsarkakewa na Anne Frank wanda ke musanta gaskiyar tarihinta. Sion ta rubuta "Babu wani abu a cikin sanarwar manufa ta Boise memorial, wallafe-wallafen hukuma, ko kuma a shafin da kansa kai tsaye ya nuna Anne Frank a matsayin Bayahude wanda aka azabtar da Holocaust ko ya bayyana dalilin da ya sa ta ɓoye, ba tare da kama ta ba, korar ta, da mutuwa a sansanin Nazi. ".

Shafin ba wai kawai yana aiki ne a matsayin wuri mai dacewa don tarurruka, tafiye-tafiye, da zanga-zangar ba (kuma gabaɗaya a matsayin wurin tunani), shi ne inda Ma'aikatar 'yan sanda ta Boise ke ɗaukar sabbin jami'an da aka ba su izini kafin horar da su.

## Kashewa
A farkon watan Mayu na shekara ta 2017 an lalata takardar da ke nuna farkon cikakken sanarwar 'yancin dan adam ta duniya tare da rubutun adawa da Yahudawa a cikin ja; gabaɗaya an lalata yankuna biyu daban-daban na shafin a cikin 'yan kwanaki masu zuwa tare da laifukan wariyar launin fata akan baƙar fata da Yahudawa wanda ya haifar da lalacewar $ 20,000, saboda wani ɓangare na yunkurin farko na gyarawa. An yi bincike kan lalata, ta farko tun lokacin da aka keɓe wurin tunawa a shekara ta 2002, a matsayin yiwuwar aikata laifukan ƙiyayya, kuma an ba da gudummawa da yawa don gyara.

A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2020, an lalata abin tunawa da takarda da ke karantawa "muna ko'ina" da kuma nuna swastika. Wannan ya sa Magajin garin Lauren McLean ya ce, "Masu wasan kwaikwayo marasa kyau da ke amfani da maganganun wariyar launin fata da tashin hankali ba a maraba da su a cikin wannan al'umma ba. "

## Dubi kuma

* Matakai goma na kisan kare dangi
* Jerin wuraren shakatawa a Boise

## Manazarta
Banibangou

**Banibangou** wani garin ne na karkara a Nijar. Babban birninta shine Banibangou. Garin ne  da inda aka kai hare-hare kan makiyaya Fulani da Mutanen Zarma suka yi a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2008, wanda ya haifar da satar shanu sama da dubu 20,000 da mutuwar kusan Fulani 235.

## Manazarta
Zero sharar gida

**Zero sharar gida**, ko rage sharar gidaje, saiti ne na ka'idojin da aka mayar da hankali kan Rigakafin sharar gida wanda ke ƙarfafa sake fasalin rayuwar albarkatun don a sake amfani da duk samfuran (watau "sake amfani") da / ko sake amfani da shi. Manufar motsi ita ce guje wa aika shara zuwa wuraren zubar da shara, incinerators, teku, ko wani ɓangare na muhalli. A halin yanzu ana sake amfani da kashi 9% na filastik na duniya. A cikin tsarin sharar gida, ana sake amfani da dukkan kayan har sai an kai matakin mafi kyau na amfani.

Zero sharar gida yana nufin rigakafin sharar gida kamar yadda ya saba da sarrafa sharar gida. Hanyar "dukan tsarin" ce da ke da niyyar babban canji a hanyar da kayan ke gudana ta cikin al'umma, wanda ke haifar da babu sharar gida. Zero sharar ya ƙunshi fiye da kawar da sharar gida ta hanyar ragewa, sake amfani, da sake amfani. Yana mai da hankali kan sake fasalin rarrabawa da tsarin samarwa don rage sharar gida. Zero sharar yana ba da jagororin don ci gaba da aiki don kawar da sharar gida.

A cewar Zero Waste International Alliance (ZWIA), sharar gida shine cikakkiyar dawo da albarkatun samfurin "ba tare da fitarwa zuwa ƙasa, ruwa, ko iska da ke barazana ga muhalli ko lafiyar ɗan adam ba".

Masu ba da shawara suna sa ran cewa ana buƙatar ka'idojin gwamnati don rinjayar zaɓin masana'antu akan ƙirar samfur da marufi, hanyoyin masana'antu, da zaɓin kayan aiki.

Masu ba da shawara sun ce kawar da sharar gida yana rage gurɓataccen yanayi kuma yana iya rage farashi saboda rage buƙatar albarkatun kasa.

## Cradle-to-Grave
Tsarin jariri zuwa kabari samfurin kayan layi ne wanda ke farawa tare da cire albarkatu, yana motsawa zuwa masana'antar samfur, kuma yana ƙare tare da "kabari" ko zubar da shara inda aka zubar da samfurin. Cradle-to-grave ya bambanta kai tsaye da kayan aiki ko samfuran, waɗanda ake sake amfani da su cikin sabbin samfuran a ƙarshen rayuwarsu don a ƙarshe babu sharar gida.

Cradle-to-cradle yana mai da hankali kan tsara tsarin masana'antu don kayan aiki su gudana a cikin zagaye na rufe, wanda ke nufin cewa an rage sharar gida kuma ana iya sake amfani da kayan sharar gida. Cradle-to-cradle ya wuce magance matsalolin sharar gida bayan an halicce shi ta hanyar magance matsalolin a tushen da sake bayyana matsalolin ta hanyar mai da hankali kan zane. Tsarin jariri zuwa jariri yana da ɗorewa kuma yana la'akari da rayuwa da tsararraki masu zuwa .

Tsarin jariri zuwa jariri ya samo asali ne daga ka'idar zuwa aiki. A cikin masana'antu, yana ƙirƙirar sabon ra'ayi na kayan aiki da kayan aiki. Kamar yadda yake a cikin duniyar halitta, inda wani kwayoyin halitta ke kewayawa ta hanyar tsarin halittu don samar da abinci mai gina jiki ga wasu abubuwa masu rai, kayan haihuwa zuwa jariri suna yawo a cikin zagaye na rufe, suna ba da abinci mai kyau ga yanayi ko masana'antu.

## Manazarta
Jagororin Taimako na Yanayi, Makamashi da Muhalli

**Jagororin Taimako na Yanayi, Makamashi da Muhalli** (**CEEAG**) suna ba da izini ga haramtacciyar taimakon gwamnati a Tarayyar Turai (EU), ma'ana tallafi ko wasu fa'idodi da kasashe membobin EU ko EU kanta ke bayarwa ga kamfanoni.

CEEAG tana ba da izinin taimakon jihar ga makamashi mai sabuntawa, motsi mai tsabta, da kamfanonin hydrogen, da sauransu. Samar da man fetur ba zai iya karɓar taimakon jihar ba a ƙarƙashin jagororin, sai dai gas a wasu yanayi.

Yawancin taimakon jihohin EU ana bayar da su ne a karkashin keɓancewar toshewa,  amma kuma ana iya bayar da su a karkashin jagororin keɓancewar tallafin jihohi kamar CEEAG. Don samar da taimakon gwamnati a karkashin irin wannan jagora, kasashe membobin EU suna buƙatar yardar Hukumar Tarayyar Turai, sai dai idan taimakon ya fada ƙarƙashin mafi ƙarancin ƙofar ('de minimis').   

Sauran mambobi uku na Yankin Tattalin Arziki na Turai (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway) sun nemi a cire su daga Hukumar Kula da EFTA.

Don samun amincewar Hukumar Tarayyar Turai don taimako a karkashin CEEAG, kasashe membobin EU suna amfani da software. Hukumar ta buga shawararta a shafin yanar gizon gasar.

## Tarihi
CEEAG ta maye gurbin Jagororin Taimako na Makamashi da Muhalli (EEAG) waɗanda ke aiki daga 2014 zuwa 2021. Tsarin sake dubawa ya haɗa da shawarwarin jama'a.

## Misalan taimakon gwamnati a karkashin EEAG / CEEAG
Misalin taimakon jahohi da ke faɗuwa a ƙarƙashin (C)EEAG shine Dokar Tushen Makamashi Masu Sabuntawa na Jamus (EEG a cikin gajeriyar Jamusanci), makircin da ke ba da tallafin wutar lantarki.  Gwamnatin Jamus ta sake duba EEG a farkon shekarar 2021. A watan Afrilun 2021, Hukumar ta yi watsi da wasu sassa na bitar, kamar tallafin da ake baiwa cibiyoyin makamashin nukiliya, amma ta amince da wasu bangarorin ta ta hanyar amfani da EEAG.  Irin wannan amincewa ya haɗa da ƙarin tallafi ga masana'antar wutar lantarki da hasken rana da kuma gonakin iska na kan teku.  Tun daga ranar 15 ga Disamba, 2021, Hukumar har yanzu za ta yi la'akari da amincewar wasu fannoni na sake fasalin tsarin Jamus.

## Manazarta
Gorouol

**Gorouol** ƙauye ne kuma karkara-(ƙauyen da ke da wasu ƙauyukan a ƙarkashinsa) a Nijar. A shekara ta 2012, kauyen na da yawan mutane dubu 66,276. 

## Manazarta
Jim Macken

**James Joseph Macken** AM (1927-2019) lauya ne na Australiya, alƙali kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam.

## Manazarta
An shigar da MacKen a matsayin lauya a watan Yulin 1963, kuma ya yi aiki a shari'o'in dokar aiki. a ranar 2 ga Yuni 1975 an nada shi alƙali na Hukumar Masana'antu ta NSW kuma ya yi ritaya a ranar 21 ga Agusta 1989. 

## Ayyukan da suka biyo baya
Bayan ya yi ritaya a matsayin alƙali, Macken ya ci gaba da aiki a matsayin masanin kimiyya da marubuci, gami da koyarwa a dangantakar masana'antu a Makarantar Shari'a ta Sydney . 

A watan Satumbar 2016, Macken ya ba da damar cinikayya tare da 'yan gudun hijira a ɗayan sansanonin tsare shige da fice da ke aiki a Nauru ko Manus a ƙarƙashin manufofin Pacific Solution na Australia.  

## Mutuwa
Jim Macken ya mutu a cikin barcinsa a ranar 19 ga Satumba 2019.  Ya bar 'ya'yansa goma sha ɗaya,' yan'uwa maza biyu da jikoki ashirin da uku.

## lambar girmamawa
A watan Yunin shekara ta 2003 an sanya Macken memba na Order of Australia don hidima ga dangantakar masana'antu a matsayin mai ba da shawara, alƙali, masanin kimiyya da marubuci. 

## Littattafan da aka zaɓa
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## Reference
Biruaslum

**Biruaslum** ko **Bioruaslam** tarin ne a cikin Barra Isles na Scotland, a yammacin Vatersay . Kimanin kilomita 2.5 (1 + 1⁄2  daga hanyar da ta fi kusa, ya kai    a tsawo kuma akwai wani sansanin da aka rushe a gefen kudu. Francis G. Thompson ya bayyana shi a matsayin "babban kuma kusan ba za a iya isa ba";  James Fisher ya ambaci "fulmar yana tashi sama da ƙasa da ƙaramin dutsensa".

## Ginin dutse

Duwatsun da ke tsaye a gefen gabas na tsibirin da ke raba shi daga Vatersay suna kare shafin daga teku da ku bango da aka gina da kyau wanda ke da   + 1⁄2  fadi da    a wurare yana kewaye da wani yanki mai zurfi. Ganuwar tana da tsawon mita  (160  kuma an kiyaye ta mafi kyau a ƙarshen kudu maso gabas. An haɗa shi da gefen dutse na bango shine ragowar ƙaramin tsari mai laushi game da  m2  sq ft) a yankin. Halin sansanin yayi kama da tsarin Iron Age da aka sani daga Ireland amma kawai abubuwan da aka gano har zuwa yanzu sune tukwane na Neolithic.

## Manazarta
Arnamul

**Arnamul** ( Scottish Gaelic   ) wani tari ne daga bakin tekun yamma na Mingulay a cikin Tsibirin Yamma, Scotland . Ko da yake suna da hazo, tumaki suna kiwo a kan kolin da ya ke yi a lokacin da mutane ke zama a Mingulay. 

Haswell-Smith (2004) ya bayyana cewa sunan yana nufin "dutse". Mac an Tailleir (2003) bai samar da wani abu ba, kodayake ya nakalto "Arnabol" a matsayin ma'anar "gona ta gaggafa" ko "gona na Arne" daga Norse.

Wata ƙungiya ta masu saka jaka a kan tudu ce ta hau shi a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2018.

## Manazarta
Castle Rock (Michigan)

**Castle Rock** wani dutse ne na dutse mai laushi da kuma jan hankalin yawon bude ido wanda ke da nisan kilomita 3 (5 km) a arewacin St. Ignace, Michigan a kan Interstate 75 a kan Upper Peninsula na jihar Michigan ta Amurka.&nbsp;

## Bayyanawa
Castle Rock, wanda ya tashi 195.8 feet (59 m) a kan ruwan da ke kusa da Tafkin Huron, an halicce shi ne ta hanyar rushewar ƙasar da ke kewaye da shi. Bayan Wisconsin Glaciation, bayan gilashi Lake Algonquin ya samo asali. Rugujewar Ice Age ta haifar da ruwan Tafkin Algonquin ya fi karfin matakin ruwa na Tafkin Huron a yau. A tsawon lokaci, ruwan da ke raguwa ya lalata yawancin ƙasar. Castle Rock, wanda ya tsayayya da wannan rushewa, an yi shi ne da dutse mai laushi; tarin teku ne ko bututun teku, a fannin ilimin ƙasa yayi kama da siffofi da yawa a Tsibirin Mackinac da ke kusa, kamar Arch Rock ko Sugar Loaf.

Mazauna yankin sun ba da labarai da yawa game da Castle Rock da tarihinsa na ainihi. An tallata shi a matsayin "Ojibway's Lookout", amma tudun da ke kusa da Rabbit's Back ya fi dacewa da mai lura da gaskiya. Hotuna masu jaruntaka na Paul Bunyan da abokin aikinsa, Babe the Blue Ox, suna gaishe baƙi zuwa dutsen, kuma akwai kantin sayar da kyauta.

C. C. Eby ya sayi tarin da kuma wurin yawon bude ido da ke kusa da shi a 1928, kuma ya buɗe Castle Rock ga jama'a. Yana ci gaba da mallakar da kuma sarrafawa ta iyalin Eby a matsayin jan hankalin yawon bude ido na yanayi. Yana buɗewa don kasuwanci daga tsakiyar Mayu zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba. Ana ƙarfafa baƙi su hau Matakala na waje zuwa saman dutsen. Ana cajin karamin kuɗin shiga.

## Gidan wasan kwaikwayo

Fayil:2009-0619-UP034-CastleRock.jpg|alt=Paul Bunyan and Babe the Blue Ox| Paul Bunyan da Babe the Blue Ox
Fayil:2009-0619-CastleRock-panorama.jpg|alt=Wide panoramic view from the top of Castle Rock| Faɗin gani na panoramic daga saman Castle Rock
Fayil:2009-0619-CastleRock-stairs.jpg|alt=Steep stairs lead to the top| Matakai masu tsayi suna kaiwa saman
Fayil:View_from_Castle_Rock_August_2010_01_(Mackinac_Bridge).JPG|alt=View of the Mackinac Bridge from Castle Rock| Duban gadar Mackinac daga Castle Rock


## Manazarta
Yanayi United

Asusun United Climate United ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta wacce ke mai da hankali kan ayyukan ci gaba da dorewar muhalli ta hanyar tattalin arziki a cikin al'ummomin masu karamin karfi.  Haɗin gwiwa ne tsakanin Calvert Impact Capital, Community Preservation Corp na Asusun Cigaban Kuɗi na Ci gaban Al'umma, da Cibiyar Taimakon Kai da Al'umma.

A cikin shekarar 2024, Hukumar Kare Muhalli (EPA) ta ba da kyautar dala biliyan 6.97 a matsayin wani ɓangare na saka hannun jari na gwamnati biliyan 20 da gwamnatin Biden ta yi don tallafawa ayyukan da suka shafi sauyin yanayi na al'umma. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2025, Climate United ta kai karar EPA da Citibank, wanda ke kula da kuɗin da aka bayar, yana mai da'awar cewa ana hana kudaden da aka bai wa kungiyar a shekara ta 2024 ba bisa ka'ida ba.
Jerin barkewar cutar Legionnaires

Wannan jerin sunayen barkewar cutar Legionnaires ne; Legionnaire's wata cuta ce mai yaduwa mai yuwuwa ta hanyar Gram negative, ƙwayoyin cuta na aerobic na jinsin *Legionella*. Farkon barkewar cutar da aka ruwaito ya kasance a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania a 1976 a lokacin Yarjejeniyar Legionnaires a Otal din Bellevue-Stratford . 

An bayyana barkewar cutar a matsayin lokuta biyu ko fiye inda farawar cutar ke da alaƙa da lokaci (makonni maimakon watanni) ***da kuma*** sararin samaniya, inda akwai tuhuma, ko shaidar, tushen kamuwa da cuta, tare da ko ba tare da goyon bayan microbiological ba (*watau* wuri na sararin samaniya na lokuta daga tarihin tafiye-tafiye). 

## Jerin duniya ta shekara

### Shekaru na 1960

### Shekaru na 1970

### Shekaru na 1980

### Shekaru na 1990

### Shekaru na 2000

### Shekaru na 2010

### Shekaru na 2020

## Gudanar da gwamnati don hana barkewar cutar

### Ka'idoji da dokoki
Jagoran da Hukumar Lafiya da Tsaro ta Burtaniya (HSE) ta bayar yanzu ya ba da shawarar cewa sa ido kan microbiological don tsarin sanyaya mai laushi, ta amfani da dipslide, ya kamata a yi shi kowane mako. Jagoran yanzu ya kuma ba da shawarar cewa a gudanar da gwajin yau da kullun don ƙwayoyin cuta na legionella a cikin tsarin sanyaya mai laushi aƙalla kwata-kwata, kuma sau da yawa lokacin da ake ba da umarni ga tsarin, ko kuma idan an gano ƙwayoyin a wani lokaci na baya. Ƙarin jagororin Burtaniya marasa doka daga Tsarin Ba da Shawara na Dokokin Ruwa yanzu ya wanzu don kafin dumama ruwa a aikace-aikace kamar tsarin dumama ruwa na hasken rana

## Manazarta
Brown Jewel

**Brown Jewel** wani tarin teku ne a bakin Tekun Arewa Scotland, arewacin ƙauyen Muchalls a Aberdeenshire. 

## Tarihi
Brown Jewel yaƙi da ɗan gabas na tsohuwar hanyar Causey Mounth, wanda aka gina hanyar a kan tudu don yin wannan sashi na zamani daga wuraren bakin teku a kudancin Stonehaven zuwa Aberdeen. Wannan sashi ya haɗa ƙetare Kogin Dee (inda Bridge of Dee na yanzu yake) ta hanyar Muchalls Castle da Stonehaven zuwa kudu. Hanyar ita ce William Keith, 7th Earl Marischal da Marquis na Montrose suka dauka lokacin da suka jagoranci sojojin Covenanter na kimanin mutane 9000 a cikin yakin Yaƙin basasa a cikin 1639.

## Manazarta
O'Neill Bay

**O'Neill Bay** wani bay ne a Yankin Auckland na Tsibirin Arewa New Zealand . Tana arewacin Te Henga / Bethells Beach .

## Bayyanawa
O'Neill Bay yana kai tsaye a arewacin Te Henga / Bethells Beach, tsakanin Erangi Point zuwa kudu da Raetahinga Point zuwa arewa. An sami tsibirin a kudancin bayin, mai suna Kauwahaia Island .  Hanyar Te Henga Walkway ta bi tudun da ke kewaye da bayin.

## Ilimin ƙasa
O'Neill Bay da tsaunuka da ke kewaye da Raetahinga Point sune ragowar wani dutsen wuta na zamanin Miocene. Tsarin mita 100 mai kauri ya ƙunshi akalla 11 mai laushi na andesite, tare da breccia, scoria da lapilli tuffs.

## Tarihi
Bayin yana cikin al'adun gargajiya na Te Kawerau ā Maki iwi . Sunan bayin, Te Awakauwahaia, ko Kauwahia don takaice, yana nufin kakannin Erangi. Erangi mace ce mai girma wacce ta zauna a Te Ihumoana a Te Henga / Bethells Beach a kusan karni na 14.  Bayan ya fada cikin soyayya da wani mutum a Puketōtara a arewacin Te Henga, Erangi ta yanke shawarar kauce wa hanyoyin tafiya zuwa tudun, ta hanyar yin iyo zuwa O'Neill Bay, kuma a ƙarshe zuwa Te Waharoa Point, tare da ɗanta a bayanta. Yawancin sunayen wuraren gargajiya a arewacin Te Henga suna tunawa da aikinta na jimiri.

An ambaci bayin a cikin wani labari na Tikinui, na mutanen Te Kawerau ā Maki . Yarinyar wani shugaba daga Piha, wanda ya ƙaunaci wani jarumi daga Muriwai duk da cewa an yi alkawarin aure ga wani shugaba, zai zo bakin rairayin bakin teku don saduwa da ƙaunatacciyarta a asirce. Don ɓoye taronsu, jarumin zai binne kansa a cikin yashi, yana numfashi ta hanyar reed, yayin da 'yar ta zauna a samansa, tana ɓoye shi da mayaƙarta. Daga bisani mahaifinta ya yi shakku game da ayyukanta, kuma ya gano ƙaunatacciyarta ta hanyar fado da yashi a ƙarƙashin rigarta da mashi. Ginin dutsen Tikinui a arewacin rairayin bakin teku shine inda aka kashe shi.

A farkon zamanin mulkin mallaka na Auckland, an sanya sunan bayin O'Neill Bay, bayan daya daga cikin mazauna farko a yankin.

## Manazarta
Am Buachaille

**Am Buachaille** tarin teku ne, ko kuma tsarin dutse mai tsaye wanda ya ƙunshi Torridonian Sandstone, mil 1 (1.5 kilomita) kudu maso yammacin Sandwood Bay a cikin gundumar Scotland ta Sutherland . Yana kwance a ƙarshen Rubh' a Bhuachaille headland a kusa da kilomita 5 (8 kilomita) arewacin Kinlochbervie.

Ginin yana da mita 65 (213 feet)  kuma Masu hawan dutse Tom Patey, Ian Clough da John Cleare ne suka fara hawa shi a shekarar 1968. Akalla an gano hanyoyi huɗu na hawa a kan Am Buachaille wanda ake la'akari da "sanannen" hawa na teku  kuma an kira shi "mafi tsanani daga cikin 'babban uku' na Scotland "  da kuma "babban tarin gaske". Hanyar da ta fi sauƙi tana da tsawo sosai (HVS) kuma samun damar shiga tarin ya haɗa da yin iyo na mita 30 (100-foot) a lokacin da ruwa ya ragu.

A watan Satumbar 2024 Jim Miller, Alan Thurlow tare da Aden Thurlow mai shekaru 11, wanda ya jagoranci hanyar zuwa saman, ya zama ƙarami mafi ƙanƙanta da ya jagoranci hawa a kan Am Buachaille.

Sunan yana nufin "mai kiwo" ko "mai kiwon dabbobi" a cikin Gaelic na Scotland.

## Manazarta
Nazarin Jirgin Sama Mai Tsabtace NASA

**Nazarin Tsabtace Jirgin Sama na [[NASA]]** wani aiki ne wanda Hukumar Kula da Jirgin Sama da Sararin samaniya ta Kasa (NASA) ta jagoranta tare da Associated Landscape Contractors of America (ALCA) a cikin 1989, don bincika hanyoyin tsaftace iska a cikin mahalli masu rufewa kamar tashoshin sararin samaniya. Sakamakon sa ya nuna cewa, ban da shan carbon dioxide da sakin iskar oxygen ta hanyar photosynthesis, wasu tsire-tsire na cikin gida na iya samar da hanyar halitta ta cire gurbataccen kwayoyin halitta (an gwada benzene, formaldehyde, da trichloroethylene).

Wadannan sakamakon ba su dace da gine-gine na yau da kullun ba, inda musayar iska ta waje zuwa cikin gida ta riga ta cire mahadi masu saurin canzawa (VOCs) a cikin adadin da za a iya daidaita shi kawai ta hanyar sanya shuke-shuke 10-1000 / m na sararin bene na ginin.

Sakamakon kuma ya kasa maimaitawa a cikin binciken nan gaba, tare da bita na 2014 wanda ya nuna cewa: 

## Jerin tsire-tsire da aka yi nazari
An gwada tsire-tsire masu zuwa a lokacin binciken farko na 1989: 

* Tsire-tsire na maciji / yaren surukarta (Sansevieria trifasciata laurentii) 
* Hedera helix">Ivy na Turanci (Hedera helix) 
* Peace lily (*Spathiphyllum* 'Mauna Loa') 
* Tsuntsu na kasar Sin (*Aglaonema modestum*) 
* Itacen dabino (*Chamaedorea seifrizii*) 
* Dracena mai launin ja, marginata (*Dracaena marginata*) 
* Masara mai tsami dracaena, masara mai yawa / masara mai tsayi (*Dracena fragrans* 'Massangeana') 
* Figu mai kuka (*Ficus benjamina*) 
* Gerbera jamesonii">Barberton daisy, Gerbera daisy (Gerbera jamesonii) 
* Florist's chrysanthemum, tukunya mahaifi (*Chrysanthemum morifolium*) 
* Janet Craig (*Dracaena deremensis "Janet Craig"*) 
* Warneckei (*Dracaena deremensis "Warneckei"*) 

## Ƙarin bincike
Tun lokacin da aka saki binciken farko na 1989, mai taken Nazarin tsire-tsire na ciki don rage gurɓataccen iska na cikin gida: Rahoton Tsakanin,  an yi ƙarin bincike ciki har da takarda na 1993  da littafin 1996  na B. C. Wolverton, mai bincike na farko a kan binciken NASA na asali, wanda ya lissafa ƙarin tsire-shuke kuma ya mai da hankali kan cire takamaiman sunadarai. Wani bincike daban a shekara ta 2004 ya kuma nuna cewa micro-organisms a cikin ƙasa na shuka mai tukunya suna cire benzene daga iska, kuma wasu nau'ikan shuke-shuke da kansu suna ba da gudummawa ga cire benzene.

### Sauran karatu
Shuke-shuke da aka yi nazari a cikin irin wannan binciken daban-daban game da tace iska:

## Dubi kuma

* Dracaena reflexa
* Ganuwar kore
* Ingancin iska na cikin gida
* Magani da shuke-shuke
* Gidan ruwan sama
* Ciwon gina jiki mara lafiya

## Manazarta
Simon Mayall

Laftanar Janar **Sir Simon Vincent Mayall**, KBE , CB (an haife shi a 7 Maris ɗin shekarar 1956) hafsan Sojan Burtaniya ne mai ritaya kuma Mashawarci Gabas ta Tsakiya a Ma'aikatar Tsaro .

## Rayuwar farko
Mayall ya yi karatu a St George's College, Weybridge, Balliol College, Oxford (Bachelor of Arts in Modern History, 1979) da King's College London (Master of Arts in International Relations).

## Aikin soja
An naɗa Mayall a cikin 15th/19th of the King's Royal Hussars a shekarar 1979.  Daga 1985 zuwa 1988 ya zama nadi ga Sarkin Oman's Land Forces .  Ya kasance jami'in aikewa da runduna ta farko a yakin Gulf .  Bayan haka ya kammala karatun Defence Fellowship a St Antony's College, Oxford yana karanta manufofin tsaron Turkiyya .  Daga nan ya zama kwamandan 1st The Queen's Dragoon Guards a cikin 1997,  wanda a cikinsa aka tura shi sashin horar da sojojin Burtaniya na Suffield da Arewacin Ireland . 

A cikin shekara ta 2001 Mayall ya zama kwamandan 1st Mechanized Brigade, wanda daga baya aka tura zuwa Kosovo .  Ya karɓi Yabon Sarauniya don Sabis ɗin Mahimmanci don girmamawa ga "babban hidimominsa" kan turawa.  Mayall shi ne Mataimakin Babban Kwamandan Rundunar Sojojin Ƙasa-da-ƙasa - Iraki a ƙarshen shekara ta 2006 da farkon 2007,  wanda saboda haka Amurka ta ba shi Jami'in Legion of Merit .  An nada shi mataimakin babban hafsan hafsoshi a watan Janairun 2007 kuma,  a 2009, ya zama mataimakin babban hafsan hafsoshin tsaro (Ayyuka) .  An naɗa shi a matsayin abokin odar wanka a cikin Sabuwar Shekarar Sabuwar Shekara ta 2010,    Babban Mashawarcin Tsaro a Gabas ta Tsakiya a Ma'aikatar Tsaro a watan Mayun shekara ta 2011 .  

## Bayan ritaya
A cikin shekara ta 2015, Mayall ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja kuma ya shiga Greenhill &amp;amp; Co., bankin zuba jari, a matsayin babban mai ba da shawara.  A ranar 25 ga Fabrairu 2015, an naɗa shi Laftanar Hasumiyar London .  Ya yi ritaya daga wannan mukamin a ranar 20 ga Agustan shekarar 2021. 

An naɗa shi Sarkin ma'aikata na Tsarin Mulkin Burtaniya a cikin Mayu 2024,  da Squadron Honorary Colonel F (Westminster Dragoons) Squadron, The Royal Yeomanry a kan 1 Disamba 2024.    

## Manazarta

|-

|-
Sai dai ya kasance

Dùn Èisman wani wuri ne na archaeological na zamani da yawa a kan wani tarin teku a arewa maso gabashin Isle of Lewis, kusa da ƙauyen Knockaird (Cnoc Àrd, Nis) a yankin Nis (Ness) a cikin Yammacin Isles na Scotland . An ba shi matsayin sansanin gargajiya na Clan Morrison, da zarar iyali ne mai iko sosai a cikin Ubangiji na Isles, a cikin al'adar Babu ta gida. Ana iya ganin rushewar manyan gine-gine guda biyu da kungiyoyin tsarin salula masu haɗuwa a tsakanin tsokoki masu ciyawa a saman tsibirin, da kuma tafkin wucin gadi da ƙananan bango da ke kewaye da shafin. Mafi shahararren fasalin shafin shine babban tudun da ke kan tudu wanda ke kan mafi girman matsayi na tarin, a arewa maso gabashin shafin. Binciken taswirar shafin ya nuna wadannan gine-gine.

Tsibirin zai samar da duk abin da ake buƙata don zama, yana da nasa ruwa mai kyau a cikin nau'in tafkin wucin gadi, da kuma gine-gine da yawa da ke aiki da dalilai da yawa, daga ajiya zuwa wuraren barci.

## Tarihin Arewa
A tarihi da kuma ilimin kimiyyar archaeology, tsibirin Yammacin a zamanin da ya bambanta da ƙasar Scotland. Yammacin tsibirin sun kasance al'adun Scandinavian da kuma siyasa wani ɓangare na Norway daga c AD 800 zuwa c AD 1300. Akwai wurare masu kama da Dùn Èisman a kusa da bakin tekun Lewis da kudancin Western Isles, da yawa daga cikinsu an shagaltar da su ko kuma an yi amfani da su a lokaci guda. Har ila yau, akwai shaidu daga waɗannan shafuka na aiki a cikin Iron Age ko lokutan prehistoric na baya, kuma mai yiwuwa irin wannan shaidar farko tana jiran binciken a Dùn Èistin a ƙarƙashin gine-ginen Dun da turf daga baya.

## Rikici
Tare da mutuwar ikon siyasa na Norse na Yammacin Isles a cikin karni na 13, dangi masu iko sun fito. Hadisai da labarun yankin da suka shafi Dùn Èynin, da kuma dangin Morrison, Macleod da Macaulay musamman, sun fito ne daga wannan lokacin tashin hankali da sau da yawa a tarihin Lewis. Morrisons na Harris da Lewis ana iya samun su daga Barvas zuwa Port of Nis (Ness), kuma a arewa maso yammacin Highlands a cikin gundumar Sutherland a kusa da garin Durness (Scottish Gaelic: Diùranais), tare da abokansu na gargajiya Clan Mackay . Sauran sunayensu, ko septs, sun hada da Morison, Gilmore da MacGilleMhoire a cikin Gaelic na Scotland.

Kusan dukkanin gine-gine da abubuwan da aka gano daga wannan tsibirin Clan Morrison sun kasance a cikin lokacin tsakanin ƙarni na 16 zuwa 18, wanda ke da mahimmanci saboda cewa kwacewar Ubangiji na Tsibirin ya faru ne a ƙarshen ƙarni na 15 kuma cewa yaƙe-yaƙe da rikice-rikice na dangi waɗanda suka biyo bayan ɓacewar ikon tsakiya na yankin (lokacin da aka sani a cikin Gaelic kamar "Linn nan Creach" ko 'Lannelli' yaƙin Strife') kuma cewa tsaunuka da tsibirai sun kasance a ƙarƙashin ikon gwamnati na ƙarni na 18 sun gaza.

Dùn Èisman yanzu shine mayar da hankali ga aikin da ke da fannoni da yawa wanda ke binciken tarihin da ilimin kimiyyar Ness a karkashin jagorancin Jami'ar Glasgow Archaeological Research Division (GUARD).

A cikin shekara ta 2015, an sami wasu daga cikin bindigogi na farko na tsibirin Burtaniya a shafin.

## Manazarta
Kungiyar Ayyuka ta Firayim Minista kan Kasuwancin Kasuwanci

Kungiyar Firayim Minista kan Kasuwancin Kasuwanci ta kasance Kungiyar Kasuwanci da Firayim Ministan Australiya John Howard ya kafa a ranar 10 ga Disamba 2006 don bunkasa Tsarin Kasuwancin Carbon na Australiya.  Sharuɗɗan ƙididdigar ƙungiyar aiki sune:

: Ostiraliya tana jin daɗin manyan fa'idodi na gasa ta hanyar mallakar manyan tanadi na burbushin burbushin halittu da uranium. A cikin kimanta ƙarin gudummawar Ostiraliya don rage hayakin gas, dole ne a adana waɗannan fa'idodi.

: A kan wannan asalin za a nemi Task Group don ba da shawara game da yanayin da ƙirar tsarin kasuwancin hayaki na duniya wanda Australia za ta iya shiga. Ƙungiyar Ayyuka za ta ba da shawara da kuma bayar da rahoto game da ƙarin matakai da za a iya ɗauka, a Ostiraliya, daidai da burin kafa irin wannan tsarin.

Kungiyar Ayyukan Firayim Minista ta gabatar da rahotonta na karshe a ranar 31 ga Mayu 2007. Shirin da Task Group ta gabatar yana da wasu kamanceceniya da "tsarin haɗe-haɗe" wanda Warwick McKibbin ya kirkira.

Firayim Minista John Howard ya sanar a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2007 shirin gwamnati na ƙaddamar da shirin kasuwancin carbon a cikin 2012 .  Howard ya ɗauki shirin kasuwancin carbon zuwa Zaben tarayya na 2007.

## Tarihi
Gwamnatocin jihohin Australiya da yankuna, ta hanyar Majalisar Tarayyar Australiya (CAF) a watan Janairun 2004 sun kafa ƙungiyar aiki don bincika ƙirar tsarin kasuwancin hayaki na ƙasa (NETS). Wannan ƙungiyar aiki ta zama Ƙungiyar Kasuwancin Kasuwanci ta Kasa (NETT).  NETT ta ba da rahoton ci gaba ga CAF a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2004, gami da ci gaban mahimman shawarwari 10 a matsayin tushen ci gaba da bincike da nazarin NETS. Bayan shawarwari masu yawa, a ranar 28 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2006 NETT ta buga rahotonta na karshe. A ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 2007 CAF ta bayyana cewa:

: Firayim Ministoci da Babban Ministoci sun nuna tsammanin su cewa Firayim Minista zai yi alkawari ga gabatar da tsarin kasuwancin hayaki na kasa bayan karɓar rahoton Task Group a watan Mayu 2007. Idan Commonwealth ta ki yin aiki a wannan lokacin, Jihohi da Yankuna za su gabatar da tsarin cinikin hayaki a ƙarshen shekara ta 2010. 

A ranar 30 ga Afrilu 2007, Jam'iyyar adawa ta Tarayya da gwamnatocin jihohi da yankuna da ke karkashin kulawar Ma'aikata sun ba da umarnin sake dubawa na Garnaut Climate Change.

## Kasancewa memba
Mambobin Task Group sun hada da:

* Peter Shergold, (Shugaba) Sakatare, Sashen Firayim Minista da Ma'aikatar
* David Borthwick, Sakatare, Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Tarihi
* Peter Coates, memba na kwamitin zartarwa, Xstrata
* Tony Concannon, Manajan Darakta, Ƙarfin Duniya
* Ken Henry, Sakatare, Baitulmalin
* Russell Higgins, Ba Babban Darakta ba, Australian Pipeline Trust
* Margaret Jackson, Shugaban, Qantas
* Michael L'Estrange, Sakatare, Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje da Kasuwanci
* Chris Lynch, Babban Darakta, BHP Billiton
* John Marlay, Babban Jami'in, Alumina Limited
* Mark Paterson, Sakatare, Ma'aikatar Masana'antu, Yawon Bude Ido da Albarkatarwa, da
* John Stewart, Manajan Darakta, Bankin Kasa na Australia.

## Manazarta
Rupert Bear, Follow the Magic... (fim)

***[[Rupert Bear]]: Follow the Magic......*** jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin ne na ƙarar na Burtaniya wanda ya danganci halin Mary Tourtel, Rupert Bear . An yi niyya ga yara kafin makaranta, wasan kwaikwayon wani bangare ne na dakatar da motsi, wani bangare na hotunan kwamfuta. Rupert Bear har yanzu yana sanye da alamar kasuwanci mai haske mai launin rawaya da takalma mai dacewa, tare da jan jumper. Rupert ya sake samun gashi mai launin ruwan kasa, kamar yadda aka zana shi da farko a 1920: lokacin da ya bayyana a matsayin mai zane-zane a cikin Daily Express, sun adana shi a kan tawada ta hanyar buga shi fari.

An watsa shi a kan Five daga 8 ga Nuwamba 2006 zuwa 1 ga Fabrairu 2008, a matsayin wani ɓangare na *[[Milkshake!]]* toshewa. An samar da abubuwa 52.

Jerin yana samuwa don yawo a kan Peacock, amma daga baya an cire shi.

## Halin da ake kira

* **[[Rupert Bear]]** - Wani beyar mai son kasada wanda ke yin yau da kullun a cikin kasada mai ban sha'awa don jin daɗi kuma sau da yawa yana kawo abokansa tare.
* **Bill Badger** - kwari ɗan wasan ƙanƙara mai son gaskiya wanda shine babban aboki na Rupert.
* **Edward Trunk** - Guguwa mai jin kunya.
* **Ping Pong** - Wata mace mai sihiri, mace ta Peking.
* **Ming** - jariri dragon na Ping Pong.
* **Raggety** - Wani saurayi mai suna elf.
* **Freddy da Freda** - Ma'aurata biyu masu banƙyama.
* **Miranda** - Kyakkyawan mermaid mai ban sha'awa.
* **Bruce** - Motar Rupert Bear.

## Bayyanawa
Kowane labari ya biyo bayan kasada a cikin duniyar daji ta Nutwood, Ingila. Haruffa suna tsakanin gidan Rupert, gidan bishiyar abokai, gidan Ping Pong mai launi da teku, inda Miranda ke zaune.

## Manazarta
Yankin Carters

Carters Beach wani yanki ne na Westport a Yammacin Yamma tsibirin New Zealand. Yana da nisan kilomita 6 (4  a yammacin Westport a kan babbar hanyar Jihar 67A,  yana ba da rairayin bakin teku mai yashi a kan Yammacin Yamma da ya dace da yin iyo.  Daga tashar jirgin ruwa ta Buller River a gabashin Carters Beach, yamma zuwa Cape Foulwind, rairayin bakin teku yana gudana sama da kilomita 9 ba tare da katsewa ba.

Carters Beach ana amfani da shi a wasu lokuta ta hanyar masu zane-zane don wanka a rana. New Zealand ba ta da rairayin bakin teku na tsirara, kamar yadda tsirara ta jama'a ta halatta a kowane rairayin kan teku inda "an san ta faru".

Ana gina hanyar Kawatiri Coastal Trail kuma ana sa ran kammala ta a cikin 2021,  tun lokacin da aka jinkirta zuwa 2024.  Hanyar keken za ta haɗa Westport zuwa Carters Beach, kuma ta ci gaba da kudu zuwa Charleston. A cikin Carters Beach, yana wucewa ta cikin wuraren da ke da ruwa, ya wuce filin golf, kuma ta hanyar yankin (gidan shakatawa na jama'a) yayin da yake juyawa ta kudu.

Gidan wasan golf mai rami 18  da Filin jirgin saman Westport  suna kusa da garin. Rushewa tare da Rotary Road a cikin 2018 ya haifar da rufe hanyar bakin teku kuma ya yi barazanar rufe filin jirgin sama da ke kusa. Koyaya, a cikin 2020 an sake gina hanyar da ke gefen rairayin bakin Kogin Buller a matsayin keke da hanyar tafiya. An tara dutsen dutse a bakin rairayin bakin teku don hana ci gaba da rushewa da tasiri ga filin jirgin sama.

Garin yana ba da masauki da gidan cin abinci.

An sanya sunan Carters Beach ne bayan wani mazaunin farko wanda ya noma yankin a ƙarshen 1800s.

## Yawan jama'a
Kididdiga ta New Zealand ta ayyana Carters Beach a matsayin mazaunin karkara kuma ya rufe    .  Tana da kiyasin yawan jama'a 340 tun daga June 2024,  tare da yawan jama'a na  a kowace kilomita 2 . Wani yanki ne na babban yankin ƙididdigar karkara na Westport . 

Carters Beach yana da yawan mutane 330 a Ƙididdigar New Zealand ta 2018, raguwar mutane 6 (-1.8%) tun ƙididdigarsa ta 2013, da kuma karuwar mutane 36 (12.2%) tun ƙidayar 2006. Akwai gidaje 141, wadanda suka hada da maza 174 da mata 156, suna ba da rabo na jima'i na maza 1.12 ga kowace mace, tare da mutane 72 (21.8%) masu shekaru kasa da 15, 18 (5.5%) masu shekaru 15 zuwa 29, 150 (45.5%) masu shekaru 30 zuwa 64, da 90 (27.3%) masu shekaru 65 ko sama da haka.

Kabilun sun kasance 93.6% Turai / Pākehā, 12.7% Māori, 0.9% Pasifika, 1.8% Asiya, da 2.7% sauran kabilun. Mutane na iya nuna kansu da kabilanci fiye da ɗaya.

Kodayake wasu mutane sun zaɓi kada su amsa tambayar ƙididdigar game da alaƙar addini, 60.0% ba su da addini, 29.1% Kirista ne, kuma 0.9% suna da Addinin Māori.

Daga cikin wadanda aƙalla shekaru 15, mutane 36 (14.0%) suna da digiri na farko ko mafi girma, kuma mutane 63 (24.4%) ba su da cancanta. Mutane 39 (15.1%) sun sami sama da $ 70,000 idan aka kwatanta da 17.2% a cikin ƙasa. Matsayin aiki na wadanda aƙalla 15 shine cewa mutane 111 (43.0%) suna aiki na cikakken lokaci, 51 (19.8%) na ɗan lokaci ne, kuma 6 (2.3%) ba su da aikin yi.

## Manazarta