open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Gidan Gwamnan Jihar Legas

**Gidan gwamnatin jihar Legas**, gidan gwamnan jihar ne a hukumance . Jihar Legas tana da gidajen gwamna guda biyu, daya a Marina a tsibirin Legas da kuma wani a Ikeja a yankin Mainland .  Ana amfani da duka wuraren zama don dalilai na hukuma da na zama.

Yayin da duk gwamnonin da suka gabata a jihar Legas suna zaune a gidan gwamnatin Legas da ke Marina, tsohon gwamnan jihar Legas, Akinwunmi Ambode shi ne gwamna na farko da ya zauna a gidan gwamnatin Legas da ke Ikeja. [1] Gwamnan ya koma gidan Ikeja ne a matsayin gwamnan jihar Legas a ranar 29 ga watan Mayun 2015, gwamnan ya bayyana yawan lokaci a matsayin daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa ya koma gidan gwamnan Ikeja.

Asiwaju Bola Tinubu ne ya kaddamar da masaukin gwamnan a Ikeja a shekarar 2007, kodayake Late Admiral Mike Akhigbe ne ya fara ginin a shekarar 1988.   

## Duba kuma

* Gidan Shugaban Kasa

## Magana
Harshen Ngarluma

**Ngarluma** da **Kariyarra** mambobi ne na ci gaba da yaren, wanda yake wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar yaren Ngayarda na Yammacin Ostiraliya, a cikin Iyalin yaren Pama-Nyungan . Wasu kafofin sun nuna cewa wani Yaren da ya ƙare, **Jaburara**, memba ne na uku na ci gaba. Koyaya, a bayyane yake cewa Jaburara yana da bambancin ainihi wanda aka ɓoye shi ta hanyar rushewar yawan masu magana da Jaburara a ƙarshen karni na 19, kuma akwai wasu shaidu cewa Jaburari na iya zama yaren Martuthunira (duba ƙasa).

Duk da yake kuma Ngarluma da Kariyarra, a matsayin sassan ci gaba, suna fahimtar juna, masu magana da su suna ɗaukar su harsuna daban-daban, suna nuna rarrabuwar kabilanci tsakanin mutanen Ngarluma Da Kariyarra. Saboda haka ana iya ɗaukar su a matsayin yare ɗaya, mai yawa.

A karkashin tsarin rarrabuwa na Carl Georg von Brandenstein na shekarar 1967, an sanya Ngarluma a matsayin harshen "Coastal Ngayarda" (ko Ngaryarta), amma rabuwa da rukuni zuwa "Coastal" da "Inland" ba a sake la'akari da shi ba.

## Harsuna
 
Baya ga rarrabuwa tsakanin Ngarluma da Kariyarra, akwai ko dai uku ko huɗu a cikin Ngarluma. Koyaya, haɗa Jaburara - wanda yayi daidai da imani tsakanin mutanen Ngarluma cewa Mutanen Jaburara da ƙasarsu ta gargajiya ƙaramin rukuni ne na mutanen Ngarloma da ƙasashe - yana da rikici. Akwai dalilai biyu na wannan: yaren Jaburara wani lokacin ana ɗaukar shi yaren kansa, ko yaren Martuthunira. Akwai shaidar ƙa'idar ta ƙarshe a cikin kalmar *jaburara*, wanda ke nufin "masu arewa" a cikin yarukan yankin:  ƙasashen gargajiya na Jaburara, a kan da kewayen Burrup Peninsula, gabaɗaya suna arewacin ƙasashen Martuthunira (yayin da Jaburara galibi suna yammacin ƙasashen Ngarluma).

A pidginized An yi amfani da wani nau'i na Ngarluma a matsayin harshen hulɗa a yankin .

## Fasahar sauti

### Sautin sautin

### Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

* Hakanan ana iya jin muryar  a matsayin bututun [ɾ].
* Har ila yau, ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta suna faruwa a matsayin  .

## Yankin harshe / iyakoki
Mutanen Kariyarra, kafin mazaunin Turai sun mamaye wani yanki daga Kogin Yule gabas zuwa Port Hedland da kudu zuwa Hamersley Range.

Yankin Ƙaddamar da Ƙididdigar Ƙasar Ngarluma (ciki har da ƙasashen Jaburara) ya rufe yankin kudu daga Point Samson, Cossack, Wickham, Roebourne, zuwa iyakar arewacin Millstream-Chichester National Park da; daga gefen gabas na bakin Kogin Maitland zuwa gefen yammacin Kogin Peawah kusa da Whim Creek, gami da garuruwan Dampier da Karratha . 

Koyaya, wannan iyaka tana da rikice-rikice saboda dalilai biyu: ya haɗa da yankunan da yawancin mutanen Martuthunira ke ɗauka a matsayin ƙasar gargajiya kuma; saboda dalilai na shari'a, ba ya haɗa da wuraren da yawancin mutanen Ngarluma ke la'akari da su fada cikin ƙasarsu ta gargajiya.

## Bayanan da ke ƙasa
Dan Happe

**Daniel Keith Happe** (an haife shi ranar 28 ga watan Satumba, 1998) ya kasance ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke buga kwallo a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar EFL League One Leyton Orient.

## Ayyuka
A ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2017, Happe ya shiga kungiyar Histon ta Kudancin kasar  a kan aro kuma ya shiga wasan a matsayin chanji  a nasarar 3-2 a Uxbridge da suka samu . Ya buga wasan a matsayin wanda ya chanji wani a nasarar  da suka samu 2-1 a kan kungiyar  Kidlington a ranar 28 ga Janairu. 

An saka Happe a cikin jerin yan wasa na  tawagar farko ta Leyton Orient a watan Fabrairun 2017, kuma ya  buga da  farawarsa ta farko da nasara a wasan 3-0 da suka samu kan  Cambridge United a ranar 8 ga Afrilu 2017. 

Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar ta farko a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2017, inda ya koma zuwa Leyton Orient har zuwa karshen kakar 2019-20.  Ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangila a watan Yulin 2019, har zuwa 2021. 

Happe ya kasance memba na kungiyar Leyton Orient wacce ta lashe gasar EFL League Two ta 2022-23. A watan Yunin 2024, ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da Gabas.

## Kididdigar aiki

# ^ Jump up to:***a*** ***b*** Appe

## Manazarta
Vincuk Viačorka

An haifi Vincuk Viačorka a ranar 7 ga Yulin 1961 a garin Brest na Yammacin Belarus . 

Ya kammala karatu daga Faculty of philology a Jami'ar Jihar Belarus (1983) da kuma Cibiyar Nazarin Harshe a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Belarus (1986).

## Rayuwa da iyali
Vincuk Viačorka yana magana da harsuna da yawa na Turai, ya yi aure, yana da 'ya'ya mata biyu da ɗa. Matarsa Aryna masanin lissafi ce. Ɗansa Franak matashi ne mai fafutuka ga BNF, kuma tsohon dalibi ne na Lyceum na Humanities na Belarus . Dukansu Vincuk da dansa sun fito ne a cikin fim din 2006 na Mirosław Dembiński, A Lesson of Belarusian .

## Littattafai
A cikin 2016, Viačorka ya buga littafin "In Belarusian With Vincuk Viačorka", jerin rubutun da suka danganci shirin yanar gizo na Rediyon Liberty wanda shi ke gudanarwa. Viačorka yana ƙarfafa masu sauraronsa su rarraba ka'idoji da ka'idojin ainihin Belarusian, harshe wanda ya sha wahala mai tsanani a yayin da kwaminisanci ya tsara umarnin "haɗin harshe". Kalmomin da onomastics, ƙamus da furci, rubutun kalmomi da haɗin kai duk an rufe su cikin taƙaitaccen, darussan da ke da sauƙi don karantawa. Viačorka yana ba da kulawa mai tsawo ga wani yare mai ban sha'awa wanda shine wani bangare mai rarrabewa na sararin harshe na Turai na zamani.

## Bayani

## manazarta


## Haɗin waje

* Vincuk Viačorka ya yi yakin neman zabe na shekara ta 2004
* Partyja BNF - shafin yanar gizon hukuma
Mr Bigg's

**Mr Bigg's** yana daya daga cikin gidajen cin abinci a Najeriya. Mallakar Nigerian conglomerate United African Company of Nigeria PLC, a halin yanzu akwai wurare 13 a Najeriya, ciki har da gidan cin abinci na farko na kasar (Express Stores).  A cikin 2013, Shahararrun Brands, Afirka ta Kudu, sun sayi hannun jari na 49% na sarkar. 

Ana iya gane gidan abincin cikin sauƙi ta hanyar bambancin launin ja da launin rawaya kuma ya shahara musamman don kayan naman sa. Tarihin Mista Bigg ya fara ne da shagunan kofi a cikin Shagunan Sashen Kingway a cikin 1960s. A cikin 1973, waɗannan shagunan an sake musu suna Kingway Rendezvous, wanda ya zama na Mista Bigg a 1986. Sarkar ta kara habaka cikin sauri bayan zama daya daga cikin kamfanonin Najeriya na farko da suka sayar da hannun jari ga masu zuba jari. 

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Shafin hukuma 
* Gidan yanar gizon kamfani - Gidan Abinci na UAC
Nurul Huq Bhuiyan

**Nurul Haque Bhuiyan** dan gwagwarmayar Bengali ne.

## Ayyuka
Bhuiyan ya kasance farfesa a Sashen Chemistry da Applied Chemistry a Jami'ar Dhaka a lokacin 1946-1994. Ya kasance babban jagora na Tamaddun Majlish kuma mai taron farko na Rastrabhasa Sangram Parishad a lokacin Harshe. Shi ne wanda ya kafa Provost na Sir A F Rahman Hall na Jami'ar Dhaka . Shi ne mai shirya taron farko na Language Movement a lokacin Oktoba 1947 - Fabrairu 1948. 

## Manazarta
Tantalizers

**Tantalizers** gidan abinci a Najeriya. Sun buɗe wurinsu na farko a 1997 a garin Festac, Legas . Wannan wuri na farko shine ƙaramin gidan cin abinci na unguwa wanda ke yiwa hamburgers hidima. Nasarar da aka samu a wannan wuri na farko ya haifar da fadadawa wanda ya sa kamfanin da masu hannun jarinsa suka buɗe ƙarin wurare a birane kamar Legas, Ibadan, Abuja, da Fatakwal . Ya zuwa 2015, gidan abincin yana da kantuna 50 a duk faɗin Najeriya.  Tantalizers na hidimar abinci mai sauri na Najeriya kamar su meat pie, scotch qwai, kaji, jollof rice, soyayyen shinkafa, biredi, da hamburgers.  
## Manazarta
Aviâja Egede Lynge

**Aviâja Egede Lynge** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1974) masanin ilimin zamantakewar al'umma ne na Greenlandic wanda ke goyon bayan haƙƙin 'yan asalin Inuit. A cikin asalinsa Greenland, ta ba da gudummawa ga horar da malamai don fahimtar asalin al'adunsu da haƙƙin 'yan asalin su. Tun daga shekara ta 2015, ta kasance Kakakin Greenland na 'Yancin Yara (børnetalsmand), matsayin da aka gayyace ta ta ci gaba har zuwa 2025. Tun daga shekarar 2020, ta kasance memba na Babban Taron Taron Mata na Kasa da Kasa (FIMI). 

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haife shi a Greenland a shekara ta 1974, Aviâja Egede Lynge an haife shi ne a cikin yanayin asali. Iyayenta da kakanninta, ciki har da kakanninsu dan kasar Denmark, suna da sha'awar samun al'adu da haƙƙin harshe ga Greenland. Bayan ta halarci makarantar sakandare a Greenland, ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin zamantakewar al'umma daga Jami'ar Edinburgh . Tana da sha'awa ta musamman a tarihin 'yan asalin ƙasar, a Greenland da kuma duniya.

Daga shekara ta 2006, ta jagoranci sashen ci gaba da ilimi a Jami'ar Greenland inda ta haɓaka darussan difloma na koyarwa da shirin digiri na biyu ga malamai na Greenland. Ta kuma koyar da ilimin zamantakewar al'umma kuma ta shiga cikin sauye-sauyen ilimi. Ta kasance mai aiki sosai wajen daidaita ci gaban ilimi ga 'yan asalin Kanada da Alaska. A shekara ta 2013, ta wakilci mata na Arctic a Taron Duniya na Mata na 'yan asalin ƙasar a Lima, Peru . [1]

A shekarar 2015, an nada ta Kakakin 'Yancin Yara a Greenland . Shekaru biyu bayan haka, an nada ta memba na kwamitin Kungiyar Ayyuka ta Duniya don Harkokin 'Yan asalin (IWGIA).  A cikin 2020, ta zama memba na Babban Taron Taron Mata na Kasa da Kasa. 

## Manazarta
Atner Khuzangai

**Atner Petrovich Khuzangai**  (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 1948) masanin ilimin falsafa ne na ƙasar Chuvash, masanin adabi, mai yaɗa labarai, shugaban kungiyar Chuvash ta ƙasa, shugaba na farko, yanzu mai girma shugaban majalissar wakilan ƙasar Chuvash. Memba na Ƙungiyar Marubuta ta Chuvash (1987).  

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Atner Khuzangai a cikin gidan mawaki  (1907-1970) da kuma 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Vera Kuzmina (1923-2021).

Ya kammala karatu daga Oriental faculty  na Leningrad State University (ya kware ne a Larabci philology) da kuma karatu daga Institute of Oriental Studies na Academy of Sciences na Tarayyar Soviet. Ya sami horo a matsayin mai fassara na soja a Masar daga shekarun 1970 zuwa 1971. A cikin shekara ta 1977, an ayyana shi a matsayin ɗan takarar Kimiyyar Falsafa.

Shugaban Sashen Harsuna na Cibiyar Harkokin Bil Adama ta Jihar Chuvash. 

A ƙarshen 1980s da farkon 1990s, Khuzangai ya kasance jigo na ƙungiyar al'adun ƙasar Chuvash. Ya kasance mataimakin majalisar koli ta Jamhuriyar Chuvash kuma shugaban zaunannen kwamitin kan al'adu. Ya kasance ɗan takarar shugaban kasar Chuvash sau biyu a shekara ta  1991 da 1993. Tsakanin shekarun 1992 da 1997, ya kasance shugaban jam'iyyar Chuvash National Congress, wanda aka kafa a kan shirinsa. Daga shekarun 1997 zuwa 2002, ya kasance Mataimakin Shugaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya na farko na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.

## Abubuwan ci gaba

* Atner Khoosanguy, Поиск слова. Литературно-критические статьи. - Чебоксары: Чувашгосиздат. , 1987. 191 ku.
* Atner Khoosanguy, Поэт Айги и художники (Опыт философской - Zaboksarы, 1998.
* Atner Khoosanguy, Текст, метатексты и путешествия. - Чебоксары: Руссика, 2003. 387 ku.
* Atner Khoosanguy, Без иллюзий: мой временник. - Чебоксары: Чуваш. ku. изд-во, 2017. 255 ku. ISBN&nbsp;

## Manazarta
Bene na farko a Najeriya

**Bene na farko a Najeriya** ƴan mishan na farko na Church Missionary Society (CMS) ne suka gina a tsakanin 1842 zuwa 1845. Yana daya daga cikin wuraren yawon shakatawa a Badagry.

## Manazarta
Uday Raj Aaley

**Uday Raj Aaley** mai binciken harshe ne, mawallafi kuma mai fafutuka daga Nepal. Ya shahara wajen rubutawa da kuma sake farfaɗo da yaren Kusunda da ake kira moribund da koyar da shi ga ƙananan yara tare da dattawan Kusunda Gyani Maiya Sen-Kusunda da Kamala Sen-Khatri. A cikin shekarar 2019, shi da Timotheus Adrianus Bodt sun tattara kuɗi don tattara kayan sauti da bidiyo a Kusunda da ƙirƙirar jerin ra'ayoyi 250 a Kusunda. Aaley ya nuna rashin tsarin nahawu a cikin Kusunda don yin gabaɗaya da kuma tsara Kusunda a cikin binciken bincikensa.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Uday Raj Aaley a yammacin Nepal kuma ɗan asalin yaren Magar ne. 

## Sana'a

Aaley ya fara rubuta harshen Kusunda a cikin shekarar 2010s kuma ya buga ƙamus na Trilingual (Ingilishi-Nepali-Kusunda) *Kusunda Jatira Shabdakosh* a cikin shekarar 2017.  Ya fara shirin ilimi tare da Gyani Maiya Sen-Kusunda da Kamala Sen-Khatri a cikin watan Janairu 2019 don koyar da yara 20 yaren Kusunda tare da tallafi daga Hukumar Harshen Nepal.   Abubuwan ilimi na harsuna biyu (Nepali-Kusunda) da aka kirkira a cikin wannan shirin sune kayan farko a Kusunda.  A cikin shekarar 2019, shi da Timotheus Adrianus Bodt sun tara dalar Amurka 5,000 daga tallafi daga Asusun Harshe Mai Kashewa da kuma kamfen akan GoFundMe don tattara kayan sauti da bidiyo a Kusunda da ƙirƙirar jerin ra'ayoyi 250 a Kusunda.  Ya yi aiki tare da Ba-Amurke Archive Nepal kuma ya sami tallafi daga ɗakin karatu na Biritaniya a cikin shekarar 2023 don haɓaka darussa don koyar da yaren Kusunda akan layi da kuma manyan ɗaliban sakandare ta hanyar littattafan Nepali-Kusunda na harsuna biyu. 

## Littattafai

* *Kusunda Jatira Shabdakosh* (2017)
* *Gemyehak: Sarkin daji* (2023)
* *Kusunda Gipan* 
* *Tharu Brihat Shabd Kosh*

## Manazarta
Seino Araida

**Seino Araida** (新井田 Noni, Araida Seino; 4 ga Afrilu 1917 - Nuwamba 2011) ya kasance mai fafutukar Ainu wanda ya inganta watsawa na *[[Yukar|kamuy yukar]]* sagas da Harshen Ainu .

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Seino Araida  a ranar 4 ga Afrilu 1917 a Shizunai, Hokkaido,   kuma ya koma Mukawa, Hokkaida a cikin 1919. Tun da mahaifiyarta ba ta gani, ta fara taimakawa da aikin gona tun tana yarinya. Ta jimre da matsalolin rayuwa da zalunci daga wasu, amma waƙoƙin Ainu da ta ji daga mahaifiyarta sun ƙarfafa ta yayin da take aiki a cikin filayen.

A shekara ta 1974, Araida ta shiga Kungiyar Hokkaido Utari Association lokacin da aka kafa reshen Mukawa. Daga baya, ta yi amfani da wannan damar don fara cikakken ƙoƙari don inganta Harshen Ainu da kamuy yukar, wanda aka ba da shi a yankin Mukawa. A shekara ta 1980, ta shiga cikin kafa kungiyar kiyaye al'adun gargajiya ta Mukawa Ainu .  Ta kuma kasance mai aiki a matsayin jagorar al'umma,  kuma a 1992 ta fara aiki a matsayin malami a Makarantar Harshe ta Mukawa Ainu. 

Araida ta kasance ƙwararre musamman a *yukar* "Ape Fuchi Kamui", wanda ke game da farin cikin Allah yana taimaka wa mijinta, kuma tana da suna saboda kyawawan furcin ta. Bugu da kari, ta yi aiki sosai a kan al'ada da adana harshen Ainu a wurare daban-daban, kamar karatun *kamuy yukar* a taron "Kamuy Yukar no Yūbe" wanda Gidan Tarihi na Ainu ya tallafawa a Shiraoi, Hokkaido .  Sau da yawa ta shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya na Ainu kuma ta ba da hadin kai tare da bincike mai zaman kansa kan al'adun Ainu, gami da rahoton Hukumar Ilimi ta Hokkaidō ta 1988 game da al'adun yankin Mukawa da Usu. Ta kuma yi aiki a Cibiyar Rayuwa ta Mukawa Town tana koyar da aji na dafa abinci na Ainu.

A shekara ta 1995, an sanya Araida a matsayin Mutum na cancanta na Kare Al'adun Al'adu na Hokkaido,  kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta Mukawa. A shekara ta 2001, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Al'adun Ainu saboda rawar da ta taka wajen inganta al'adun Aini da ayyukanta a cikin Kungiyar Kare Al'adun Al'adun Mukawa Ainu .  Jami'an yankin sun ruwaito sun bayyana ta a matsayin "dukiyar Mukwa".  Ko da a irin wannan tsufa, har yanzu tana ba da gudummawa ga inganta al'adun Ainu.

Araida ta mutu a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2011, tana da shekaru 94. Gidan kayan gargajiya na Ainu ya bayyana ta a matsayin "babban mai ba da gudummawa ga inganta al'adun Ainu". Ƙaramar 'yar'uwarta Fuyuko Yoshimura ita ma ta zama mai gabatar da al'adun Ainu.

## Manazarta
Pearu Sardar

**Pearu Sardar** (1911-1961) shi ne shugaban yanki na Dhaka, Pakistan . A farkon karni na 20, an san shugaban yankin Dhaka da *Sardar* ; An san shi da shiga cikin Harshen Harshe na 1952 . Shaheed Minar na farko da ya fara bikin tunawa da shahidan Harshe na 21 ga Fabrairu, 1952 an gina shi nan da nan bayan waki’ar wannan rana, tare da daukar nauyinsa. 

 

## Role a 1952
A cewar Dr. Sayeed Haider, babban mai tsara shirye-shirye kuma wanda ya tsara ginin Shahid Minar na farko, daliban kwalejin likitancin Dhaka ne suka yanke shawarar gina shi.  An fara shirin ne da tsakar dare ranar 22 ga Fabrairu, 1952, kuma aiki ya fara washegari. Sardar ne ya dauki nauyinsa, daya daga cikin tsoffin Dhaka panchayet sardars.  Duk da cewa an sanya dokar ta-baci, dalibai sun fara gina Minar a ranar 23 ga watan Fabrairu kuma sun yi aikin dare don gamawa da wayewar gari. An makala wata takarda da aka rubuta da hannu a Minar tare da rubuta "Shaheed Smritistombho" a kai. A cikin 'yan kwanaki ne 'yan sanda da sojojin Pakistan suka rushe shi. 

## Kyauta
A cikin 2015, gwamnatin Bangladesh ta sanar da sunayen wadanda aka zaba don lambar yabo ta Ekushey Padak, daya daga cikin mafi girman kyaututtukan farar hula na kasar. Sardar ya samu lambar yabon ne bayan mutuwarsa, domin karramawa da rawar da ya taka a lokacin harkar yare. 

## Manazarta
Abdul Malek Ukil

Abdul Malek Ukil, ( Bengali ; 1 Oktoba 1924 – 17 Oktoba 1987) ya kasance shugaban Bangladesh Awami League, kakakin majalisa, ministan cikin gida, ministan lafiya, dan majalisa na shekaru da yawa kuma lauyan Kotun Koli na Bangladesh. Ya kasance daya daga cikin masu tsara kundin tsarin mulkin Bangladesh sannan kuma daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa kungiyar daliban musulmi ta Gabashin Bengal.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Abdul Malek Ukil a kauyen Rajapur na Noakhali Sadar Upazila a gundumar Noakhali .  Rayuwarsa ta ilimi ta fara ne a makarantar Nookhali Ahmadia High Madrasa, inda daga nan ne ya ci Jarabawar Madrasa tare da samun gurbin karatu na gaba daya da kuma Letter a fannin lissafi. A shekarar 1947 ya ci jarrabawar sa ta IA daga Kwalejin Magura da ke gundumar Jessore . Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin 1949, ya sauke karatu a BA daga Jami'ar Dhaka ( Jami'ar Dhaka ). A shekara mai zuwa, ya sami digiri na MA kuma ya kammala LL. B daga wannan ma'aikata.  Ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru a matsayin mai ba da shawara a Barr Noakhali a cikin 1952. Daga baya, a cikin 1962 ya zama memba na Dhaka High Court Bar.

## Sana'a
Malek Ukil ya kasance memba na kungiyar dalibai musulmi ta Gabashin Bengal. Daga 1964 zuwa 1972 ya kasance shugaban gundumar Noakhali Awami League kuma memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na tsakiya na Awami League. A 1966 ya jagoranci taron jam'iyyun adawa a Pakistan wanda aka gudanar a Lahore. An zabe shi sau uku a Majalisar Lardin Gabashin Pakistan a 1956, 1962 da 1965. Ya kasance shugaban jam'iyyar majalisar dokokin Awami League da jam'iyyar adawa ta hadin gwiwa a majalisar lardin Gabashin Pakistan a 1965. 

An kama shi ne a lokacin motsi na maki shida . A babban zaben Pakistan na 1970 an zabe shi a Majalisar Dokokin Pakistan a matsayin wakilin Noakhali . Bayan fara yakin 'yantar da Bangladesh ya shiga kwamitin agaji da gyarawa a gwamnatin Mujibnagar . Ya je Nepal ne a matsayin tawagar 'yan majalisa da aka aika don samar da goyon baya ga manufar Bangladesh. 

Ya kasance memba a kwamitin da ya tsara kundin tsarin mulkin Bangladesh. A 1972 ya kasance mai kula da ma'aikatar lafiya da tsarin iyali a majalisar ministocin Sheikh Mujib. A shekarar 1973 aka sake zabe shi a Jatiya Sangsad. Ya ci gaba da zama minista mai kula da harkokin cikin gida a majalisar ministoci bayan zaben. A cikin 1975 an zabe shi kakakin Jatiya Sangsad . Daga baya aka zabe shi a Jatiya Sangsad a 1986 kuma ya zama mataimakin shugaban 'yan adawa. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
An auri Sabura Khatun (1930–2019). Sun haifi 'ya'ya maza biyu: Gulam Mohiuddin Latu da Baharuddin Khelon da 'ya'ya mata biyar: Fatema Begum (Ruby), Amena Begum (Baby), Nurun Nahar (Lily), Nurunnesa (Maya) da Lima Malek. 

## Mutuwa
A ranar 17 ga Oktoba 1987, ya rasu a Asibitin Dhaka Shaheed Suhrawardy yana da shekaru 63.

## Rigima
Bayan kashe Sheikh Mujibur Rahman a ranar 15 ga watan Agustan 1975, Abdul Malek Ukil, wanda shi ne shugaban majalisar dokokin da jam'iyyar Awami ta mamaye a lokacin, ya ce a birnin Landan a watan Satumba na shekarar 1975, "Fir'auna ya fadi, an kubutar da kasar daga mulkin kama karya." 

## Manazarta
Shafiur Rahman

Shafiur Rahman ( Bengali ; 24 Janairu 1918 - 22 Fabrairu 1952) an ɗauka a Bangladesh a matsayin shahidan motsin harshe wanda ya faru a tsohuwar Gabashin Pakistan . [1] [2]

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Shafiur Rahman a Konnagar, kusa da Serampore, a cikin Shugabancin Bengal, Raj na Burtaniya . Sunan mahaifinsa Hakim Mahabubur Rahman, mahaifiyarsa kuwa Kanayata Khatoon. Ya kammala makarantar sakandare ta Konnagar a 1936 kuma ya kammala I. Com a Kwalejin Kasuwancin Gwamnati da ke Kolkata . Bayan rabuwar Indiya ya koma Dhaka, Gabashin Bengal, yana aiki a matsayin magatakarda a sashin asusun na Babban Kotun Dhaka . 

## Harshen Bengali
A ranar 22 ga Fabrairun 1952  yayin da yake kan hanyarsa ta zuwa wurin aikinsa a kan kekensa ya shiga Titin Nawabpur, wanda ke cike da masu zanga-zangar adawa da harbe-harbe da 'yan sanda suka yi a ranar da ta gabata a wani taron gangamin yare. ‘Yan sanda sun yi harbi kan masu zanga-zangar kuma an harbe Shafiur Rahman a baya; Ya rasu ne bayan an kai shi Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Dhaka . An binne shi ne a makabartar Azimpur a karkashin jami’an tsaro.  

## Gado
Bayan kwana biyu da faruwar lamarin, mahaifinsa Hakim Mahbubur Rahman ne ya kaddamar da Shahid Minar na farko tare da daliban jami'ar Dhaka da suka yi zanga-zanga.

A cikin 2000, gwamnatin Bangladesh ta ba Shafiur Rahman lambar yabo ta Ekushey Padak .  Wani sassaken tagulla na kansa tare da wasu shahidai guda huɗu na motsin harshe ana kiransa *Moder Gorob* kuma yana cikin ginin Bangla Academy . 

## Gallery

## Manazarta
Valentin Avrorin

**Valentin Aleksandrovich Avrorin** (an haifeshi a watan Disamba 23 1907, Tambov- Fabrairu 26 1977, Leningrad) ya kasance memba ne mai dacewa na Kwalejin Kimiyya na USSR kuma kwararre a fannin harsuna. An haife shi a Tambov, daular Rasha ga dangin malamai.https://nalda.ch/products/9786131133435 Ya yi fice a fagen harsunan Tungusic, kuma ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun masu ƙirƙirar rubutun Nanai. A shekarar 1925 Avrorin ya kammala karatu daga daya daga cikin makarantun Tambov.https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Avrorin%2C+Valentin

## Tarihin Rayuwa
A cikin shekarar 1930, ya kammala karatu daga Faculty of History and Ethnology na Jami'ar Jihar Saint Petersburg.

A shekarar 1956, ya kare PhD a Philology.

Farfesa, Sashen Nazarin Harsuna na Janar, Faculty of Humanities, Jami'ar Jihar Novosibirsk, shugaban farko na malaman.

A watan Yuni 26, 1964 an zaɓe a matsayin memba mai dacewa na Kwalejin Kimiyya na Tarayyar Soviet.

## Manazarta
Sotiris Bletsas

**Sotiris Bletsas** ( Greek   Σωτήρης Μπλέτσας; Aromanian: Sutir Bletsa     ) masanin gine-gine ne sannan kuma mai fafutukar yaren Aromaniya daga Girka.

A shekara ta 1995, a wani biki na Aromaniya a ƙasar Girka, ya rarraba wasu littattafai na Ofishin Turai don a Karanci Harsuna (EBLUL) game da ƙananan harsuna a Girka.  A cikin shekarar 2001, a kan wani yunƙuri na MP na Edessa Evgenios Haïtidis, an tuhume shi da "yaɗa bayanan ƙarya" (saɓanin labarin 191 na Dokar Penal na Girka) wanda aka bayar da rahoton cewa jagorancin Panhellenic Federation of Cultural Associations of Vlachs ya goyi bayan.  Lamarin ya janyo zanga-zanga daga cibiyar kula da Helsinki ta Girka  da kuma daga ƙasashen waje.  

Da farko an same shi da laifi kuma aka yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin watanni goma sha biyar, an dakatar da shi na tsawon shekaru uku, da kuma tarar dinari har 500,000; duk da haka, ya yi nasarar ɗaukaka ƙarar hukuncin kuma daga baya aka same shi ba shi da laifi a ranar 18 ga watan Oktoba 2001. 

Bletsas ya riƙe muƙamin darekta a reshen Girka na EBLUL, wanda aka kafa a cikin watan Janairu 2002, yana cikin yawancin Aromawa da suka yi hakan. 

## Duba kuma

* Harshen Aromaniya
* Haƙƙin ɗan adam a Girka

## Manazarta
Ivan Bogorov

**Ivan Bogorov** (Bulgarian Иван Богоров) (1818 &#x2013; Nuwamba 1, 1892) masanin ilmin kimiya na Bulgaria ne daga lokacin Farfaɗowar Ƙasa. Ya yi karatun likitanci, ya kuma yi aiki a fannonin masana'antu, tattalin arziki, sufuri, labarin kasa, aikin jarida da ilimin harshe.

## Farkon rayuwa
An haife shi a Karlovo a shekara ta 1818. Bogorov yayi karatu a Phanar Greek Orthodox College a Istanbul, kuma a 19 ya koma Odessa don karatu a Richelieu High School. A shekarar 1841, ya buga Bulgarian Coat of arms daga Hristofor Zhefarovich's *Stemmatography* (1741). Na ɗan lokaci, Bogorov ya yi tafiya zuwa Bucharest, Svishtov, Veliko Tarnovo, Kazanlak (wanda ya kira "Izvornik") da Gabrovo kafin ya zauna a Stara Zagora ("Veta Zagora"). Ya inganta ilimi a Bulgarian saɓanin Girkanci a lokacin tafiyarsa. A cikin Stara Zagora, ya rubuta littafin nahawu na Bulgaria na farko, wanda ya buga a Bucharest a shekara ta 1844.  Daga nan sai ya koma Leipzig ("Lipiska"), inda ya ba da jaridar Bulgaria ta farko, *Balgarskiy orel* (*Bulgarian Eagle*) a shekarar 1846, shekaru biyu bayan Konstantin Fotinov na farko mujallu Bulgarian, *Lyuboslovie*. Bogorov ya koma Istanbul, inda ya yi aiki da jaridar *Tsarigradski Vestnik*, sannan ya koma birnin Paris don yin karatun likitanci. Bayan haka, Bogorov ya zauna a Plovdiv kuma yayi aiki a matsayin likita. A can, ya kuma ba da *Jaridar Kimiyya, Sana'ar Hannu da Ciniki*. Ya shiga cikin sakin wasu jaridu, mujallu da littattafai, kuma ya shirya *ƙamus na Bulgarian Academic* da na farko na Faransa-Bulgarian (1869) da Bulgarian-Faransa (1871). Bogorov kuma ya fassara *Robinson Crusoe* na Daniel Defoe zuwa yaren Bulgaria kuma ya ba da tarin waƙoƙin jama'a na Bulgaria (1842). Ya kuma rubuta littafi kan tarihin yankin Turai na daular Usmaniyya.

An san Bogorov a matsayin mai son kare ilimin harshe, kuma a cikin ƙoƙarinsa na magance tasirin Girkanci da Rashanci a kan Yaren Bulgaria ya gabatar da wasu kalmomin yare da ba kasafai ba a cikin harshen adabi.  Ko da yake yawancin waɗannan an yi la'akari da su mai ban sha'awa da ban dariya ta hanyar zamaninsa, adadi mai yawa sun sami nasarar zama wani ɓangare na ƙamus na yaren Bulgaria.

## Manazarta
Mohammad Toaha

**Mohammad Toaha** (2 Janairu 1922 - 29 Nuwamba 1987) ɗan gwagwarmayar harshe ne na ƙungiyar 1952 kuma fitaccen ɗan siyasa na hagu daga Bangladesh.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Toaha a ranar 2 ga Janairun 1922 a ƙauyen Hajirhat a Ramgati na gundumar Lakshmipur. Ya kammala karatunsa na digiri a Jami'ar Calcutta a 1939. Daga baya ya sami MA a kimiyyar siyasa a 1948. 

## Fagen siyasa
Toaha ya shiga a matsayin mai fafutuka a Sylhet Referendum karkashin Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani a 1946. A cikin 1947 ya ƙaddamar da Ƙungiyar Dalibai ta Gabashin Pakistan, ƙungiyar ɗaliban hagu na farko a Gabashin Bengal . Yana da alaƙa da ƙungiyar Awami Muslim League a 1949.

### Harshen Bengali
Toaha ya fara aiki a lokacin farkon motsin yaren Bengali . A ranar 11 ga Maris 1948, lokacin da wata tawaga karkashin jagorancin Toaha ta je Sakatariya don ba wa Khawaja Nazimuddin takarda, 'yan sanda sun kama shi. Daga baya kuma sai suka gana masa azaba sannan ya shafe sati daya a asibiti domin samun sauki. A matsayin daya daga cikin shugabannin kwamitin Rashtrabhasha Shangram (Kwamitin Harshe na Jiha), an yi amfani da Toaha don halartar duk taron da gwamnati. Ya kuma kasance VP na Fazlul Haque Hall na Jami'ar Dhaka. Lokacin da Muhammad Ali Jinnah ya je can, Toaha ya mika masa takarda game da bukatar harshensu. Ya kuma yi kakkausar suka ga yunkurin gwamnati na rubuta Bengali da rubutun Larabci . Ya kasance wakilin Jubo League a Shorbodolio Kendrio Rashtrabhasha Kormoporishod (Kwamitin Harshen Tsakiyar Jam'iyyar Duka). Daga baya wani ɓangare na 1952, an kama shi saboda haɗe-haɗe a cikin siyasar ɗalibai. 

### 1954-1970
Bayan da aka sake shi a shekarar 1954, ya shiga zaben da United Front ta lashe.  A nan ne aka zabe shi a matsayin dan majalisar lardin. A cikin 1956 ya sha ruwa a kungiyar kwadago da aka yi wa lakabi da Purba Pakistan Majdur Federation kuma aka zabe shi shugabanta. A cikin 1957, Toaha yana da alaƙa da Jam'iyyar Awami ta ƙasa ta Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani kuma daga baya aka zaɓi babban sakatarenta. Tare da ƙaddamar da dokar yaƙi ta Ayub Khan a cikin 1958, Toaha ya koma fagen siyasa. A shekarar 1969 ya zama daya daga cikin masu shirya gwagwarmayar yaki da Ayub . 

### Yakin 'Yancin Bangladesh
Toaha tare da 'yan gurguzu Sukhendu Dastider da Abdul Haq na Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Gabashin Pakistan (Marxist-Leninist) sun ƙi shiga yakin 'yantar da Bangladesh . 

### Siyasa bayan samun 'yanci
Bayan samun 'yancin kai na Bangladesh an ba da sammaci a kansa kuma ya buya. Bayan janye sammacin a 1976 ya dawo ya bude siyasa. An zabe shi mamba na Jatiya Sangsad a shekarar 1979. A cikin 1986, Toaha ya tsaya takara a zaben Jatiya Sangsad a matsayin wanda zai zaba na kawancen jam'iyyu 8. 

## Mutuwa
Toaha ya mutu a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba 1987 a ƙauyensa na Hajirhat, gundumar Lakshmipur. 

## Manazarta
Hasan Ali (mai fafutuka)

**Hasan Ali** (7 Disamba 1933 - 14 Yuni 2010) ɗan Indonesiya ne mai fasaha ne kuma mai fafutukar yare daga Banyuwangi Regency, Gabashin Java. An fi saninsa da haɓaka harshen Osing, ana la'akari da shi a matsayin wani yare daban daga Javanese da bayar da shawarar karɓo shi a Banyuwangi. Ya wallafa ƙamus na yare a shekarar  2002.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Hasan Ali a ranar 7 ga watan Disamba 1933 a ƙauyen Mangir, a cikin gundumar Rogojampir a gundumar Banyuwangi a yau. Shi ɗan asalin Madurese ne Osing ɗan asalin Pakistan. Ya kammala karatunsa na sakandare a shekarar 1956 a Malang, kuma ya karanta fannin shari'a a jami'ar Brawijaya a can. Saboda rashin kuɗi bai kammala karatun digirin sa na lauya ba. 

## Sana'a
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 15, Ali ya kafa kungiyar wasan kwaikwayo wacce ta gabatar da labarin Damar Wulan.  An naɗa shi a majalisar gundumomi (DPRD) na regency a matsayin wakilin masu fasaha a cikin jam'iyyar National Indonesiya, yayi aiki tsakanin shekarun 1955 da 1966.  A farkon lokacin Suharto, biyo bayan roƙon da ƙaramar hukumar ta yi wa Ali don taimakawa wajen kiyaye al'adun gida, Ali ya rubuta waƙar gargajiya na Banyuwangi a cikin kaset.   Ya kuma zama tauraro a cikin fim ɗin 1971 *[[Tanah Gersang]]* na Mochtar Lubis,  kuma daga baya ya zama shugaban Majalisar Fasaha ta Blambangan. 

Ali ya fara aiki a kan ƙamus na Osing–Indonesia a cikin shekara ta 1978, da farko yana tattara ƙamus daga tattaunawar yau da kullun a Banyuwangi da cikin ƙauran Osing na kusa.  A lokacin, an fi sanin yaren a matsayin yaren Javanese maimakon ya zama nasa.  Ya haɗa kamus ɗin ne a kan na’urar buga rubutu, ko da yake daga baya ya samu na’urar kwamfuta a matsayin tallafi daga gidauniyar Toyota ta Japan ta hanyar shawarar wani mai bincike.   A cikin shekarun 1980s, Ali ya buga ayyuka da yawa akan harshen Osing.  Ya ba da shawarar cewa a shigar da harshen Osing cikin litattafai kuma a tsara harshen a ka'ida. 

Bayan shigan Ali a  a cikin shekara ta 1991 da 1996, inda ya ba da shawarar koyar da harshen Osing, Ma'aikatar Ilimi da Al'adu ta amince da shigar da Osing a cikin manhajojin makarantar Banyuwangi.  A cikin majalisa na 1996, Ali ya yi amfani da jimloli bakwai a cikin Osing waɗanda ba su da fahimta tare da Javanese don tallafawa iƙirarinsa na rabuwar harsuna.  Ya kammala ƙamus ɗinsa kuma ya buga shi a cikin shekara ta 2002,  mai ɗauke da kusan kalmomi dubu 30. An buga ƙamus sau uku, kuma Ali ya raba rabin kwafin ga makarantu da ofisoshin gwamnati. Ya ƙara buga littattafan ilimi akan Osing.  

## Iyali da mutuwa
Ali yana da ‘ya’ya huɗu da jikoki goma daga aurensa da Anna Susiani. Babbar 'yarsu, Nur Indah Cintra Sukma Munsyi (wacce aka fi sani da Emilia Contessa), ta zama mashahuriyar mawaƙiya, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, kuma Sanata.   Ali ya rasu ne a ranar 14 ga watan Yunin 2010 a asibitin Fatimah Islamic Hospital dake Banyuwangi sakamakon ciwon suga da hawan jini. 

## Manazarta
Mikael Bodlore-Penlaez

**Mikael Bodlore-Penlaez** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1975) marubuci ne kuma mai tsara taswirar Breton. Ya haɗa kai, tare da Divi Kervella, Atlas na farko na Brittany (Faransanci / Breton) wanda ya sami kyaututtuka da yawa, gami da litafinsa na  "Brittany's Prize of the Book".

An haife shi a Brest.

## Bayanan littattafai

### Littattafai a Turanci

* *Atlas of Stateless Nations, 'yan tsiraru da ke neman karbuwa* (wanda Ciaran da Sarah Finn suka fassara zuwa Turanci), Ed. Y Lolfa, shekarar 2011   

### Littattafai a Faransanci ko (Breton / Faransanci)

* *Guide des drapeaux bretons et celtes* (Guide for Breton and Celtic flags) (with Divi Kervella), Ed. Yoran Embanner, 2008 
* *Atlas des Nations sans État, peuples minoritaires en quête de reconnaissance*, Ed. Yoran Embanner, 2010 
* *Atlas de Bretagne / Atlas Breizh* (Atlas of Brittany) (with Divi Kervella), Ed. Coop Breizh, 2011 
* *Musique classique bretonne / Sonerezh klasel Breizh (Breton classical music), Cras, Ladmirault, Le Flem, Le Penven, Ropartz...* (with Aldo Ripoche), Ed. Coop Breizh, 2012 
* *Bretagne, les questions qui dérangent* (Brittany, tough questions) (with Pierre-Emmanuel Marais & Lionel Henry), Ed. Yoran Embanner, 2014 
* *La France charcutée, petite histoire du "big bang" territorial"* (Butchered France, brief history of the regional reform), Ed. Coop Breizh, 2014 
* *Atlas des mondes celtiques / Atlas ar bed keltiek* (Atlas of Celtic world) (with Erwan Chartier-Le Floch & Divi Kervella), Ed. Coop Breizh, 2014 
* *Réunifier la Bretagne, région contre métropoles ?* (with les Géographes de Bretagne, under the direction of Yves Lebahy and Gael Briand), Ed. Skol Vreizh, 2015 
* *Gwenn-ha-Du, le drapeau breton* (collection "Trilogie des symboles de Bretagne"), Ed. Coop Breizh, 2015 
* *Bro Gozh ma Zadoù, l'hymne national breton* (collection "Trilogie des symboles de Bretagne"), Ed. Coop Breizh, 2015 
* *BZH, l'abréviation bretonne* (collection "Trilogie des symboles de Bretagne"), Ed. Coop Breizh, 2015 

### Taswirar

* *Mutanen da ba su da yawa a Turai*, 2004
* *Al'ummai ɗari na Turai*, 2005
* Tarihin Sarakuna da Dukes na Brittany, 2007
* Brittany: Yanayin Tarihi na Tarihi na Turai (ƙauyuka 60 na gargajiya), 2007
* *Yankuna 9 na Brittany*, 2008
* *Mutanen duniya*, 2009
* *Kasashen Frisia*, 2010
* *Harsunan Turai*, 2010
* *Taswirar duniya a cikin Breton*, 2011
* *Taswirar Val-de-Loire*, 2012
* *Taswirar Kurdistan*, 2012
* Mutanen Turai, taswirar al'adu da yankuna na tarihi, 2012

## manazarta
David Fernàndez da Ramos

**David Fernàndez da Ramos** (Barcelona, 24 ga Satumba, 1974) ɗan jaridar Catalonia ne, ɗan gwagwarmayar siyasa da zamantakewa. Ya kasance memba na Majalisar dokokin Catalonia a majalisa ta goma don Popular Unity Candidacy (CUP) daga Disamba 17, 2012, zuwa Agusta 4, 2015.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haife shi a ranar 24 ga Satumba, 1974, a Barcelona, ya shafe shekaru na farko na rayuwarsa a Ripoll (Ripollès).  Kakan mahaifinsa, Saturnino Fernández, wanda ya nuna shi a siyasa, ya kasance kwaminisanci, jamhuriya, kuma mai tsayayya da Franco. Ya yi karatu a makarantun sakandare na La Sedeta da Vila de Gràcia, duka biyu a Barcelona. Ya zama mai aiki a siyasa a farkon shekarun 1990. A jami'a, ya yi karatun Kimiyya ta Siyasa a Jami'ar Barcelona (UAB) amma ya fita a shekara ta uku ta digiri. Ya shafe shekaru biyu yana aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin ƙarfe a masana'antar mota ta SEAT, har sai rauni ya tilasta masa barin.

A shekara ta 2006 ya wallafa wani bincike mai mahimmanci game da halayyar zalunci na 'yan sanda na Spain Cróniques del 6 da sauran retalls de la claveguera na' yan sanda. A ranar 13 ga Nuwamba, 2012, tare da Julià na Jòdar, ya wallafa wani bayani game da asalin da manufofin Popular Unity Candidacy, mai taken *[https://www.grup62.cat/llibre-cop-de-cup/96020 Cop na CUP]* . A cikin 2013, wannan ya biyo bayan Foc a la barraca, tarin labaran da ya rubuta a cikin shekarun da suka gabata.

Shi marubuci ne kuma editan littafin mako-mako, La Directa . 

Ya kasance mai aiki a cikin hadin gwiwar Catalan, madadin tattalin arziki da ƙungiyoyin kuɗi na ɗabi'a.

## Ayyukan ma'aikata
Duk da cewa bai taba kasancewa memba na kowace jam'iyya ba, ya yi takara a karo na farko a zaben birni na 2011 a Barcelona a matsayi na 14 a jerin CUP-Alternative na Barcelona (CUP-AB). A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2012, ya zama shugaban jerin sunayen *CUP-Alternativa d'Esquerres* na Barcelona a zaben Majalisar dokokin Catalonia a shekarar 2012. A cikin waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan, CUP ta lashe kujeru uku, duk daga mazabar Barcelona, kuma Fernández ta zama a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba zababben mataimakin majalisar dokoki ta goma na Majalisar Catalonia. 

A duk lokacin da yake a majalisa, Fernández ya zama sananne musamman saboda sukar da ya yi game da cin hanci da rashawa na bankunan da 'yan siyasa a cikin kwamitin bincike na majalisar dokokin Catalonia game da rikicin kudi na Spain wanda ya fara a 2008. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2013, lokacin da aka kira tsohon shugaban Bankia kuma tsohon manajan darektan IMF Rodrigo Rato don yin shaida ga wannan kwamiti, Fernandez ya ƙare yana ɗaga takalminsa a cikin alamar Larabawa na raina, kuma ya gaya wa Rato: "Ganin nan ba da daɗewa ba, ɗan fashi!" 

A shekara ta 2014 an nada shi shugaban kwamitin bincike na majalisar dokokin Catalonia game da cin hanci da rashawa da cin hancin siyasa.

## Ayyukan fasaha
Ya shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo na kiɗa don girmama Ovidi Montllor tare da Borja Penalba da David Caño suna kafa ƙungiyar kiɗa Ovidi3, wanda ya zama Ovidi4, gami da mawaƙan Valencian Mireia Vives .

## manazarta
Francesco Manunta

**Francesco Manunta**, a cikin Harshen Catalan, **Francesc Manunta da Baldino** (1928 a Alghero - 1995) firist ne kuma mawaki na kasar  Italiya.

## Rayuwa ta farko
Daga. Shekarar dubu daya  da dari tara da sittin da biyar 1965 zuwa shekarar dubu daya  da dari tara da tamanin da ukku 1983, ya kasance mai wa'azi a ƙasashen waje a Brazil. Lokacin da ya koma Alghero, ya fara aikinsa don inganta harshen Catalan a Alghero. Ya kasance shugaban Òmnium Cultural a Alghero kuma ya karbi Creu de Sant Jordi a shekarar dubu daya da ɗari tara da tis'in 1990.

## Ayyuka

* Catecisme alguerès (1964) tare da Josep Sanna
* *Gwauruwa* (1970) 
* *Ruwa mai rai* (1976) 
* Lokacin haske (1981) 
* *Tsuntsaye na mirall* (1988) 
* *Bayyanawa* (1991) 
* *Waƙoƙi da waƙoƙin addini na Alguer Catalana* (1990) 

## manazarta
Ken George

**Kenneth John George** masanin ilimin teku ne na Burtaniya, mawaki, kuma masanin harshe. An lura da shi a matsayin wanda ya kirkiro Kernewek Kemmyn, rubutun ga Harshen Cornish da aka farfado wanda ya yi iƙirarin ya fi aminci ga ilimin Cornish na Tsakiya fiye da wanda ya riga shi, (Unified Cornish).

George ya wallafa abubuwa sama da tamanin da suka shafi ilimin harshe na Celtic, gami da ƙamus da yawa na Cornish. Kungiyar Harshen Cornish ce ta buga sabon littafin da aka gano na  a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2006.  George ya sami yabo don wannan aikin a cikin lambar yabo ta Holyer an Gof ta a shekaran ta dubu biyu da bakwai 2007. Ya fassara waƙoƙi da waƙoƙoƙi masu yawa zuwa Cornish, da kuma kalmomin The Magic Flute . Ya kirkiro waƙoƙi da yawa a cikin Cornish, gami da cikakken wasan , a cikin salon Ordinalia .

George yana zaune a Cornwall. Kazalika da Turanci, yana magana da Breton, Faransanci da Cornish. George ya kasance tsohon Babban Malami a Kimiyya ta Tekun a Cibiyar Nazarin Marine a Jami'ar Plymouth .

An sanya George a matsayin Bard na Gorsedh Kernow a 1979, yana ɗaukar Sunan Bardic  ('Tide Predictor'). Wannan ya nuna daya daga cikin sha'awar bincikensa a cikin ilimin teku, ɗayan kuma ƙididdigar lambobi ne. Yana da littattafai sama da hamsin a fagen binciken teku, gami da littafin Tides for Marine Studies, wanda ya sayar da fiye da 1000.

George a halin yanzu shi ne Shugaban Kesva da Taves Kernewek (Kwamitin Harshen Cornish) wanda shine jiki da ke inganta harshen Cornish. 

George ya yi ritaya da wuri a shekara ta 2006, kuma tun lokacin da ya koyi isasshen Jafananci don yin tattaunawa mai sauƙi tare da mutane a ziyarar Japan. Yanzu yana koyon Mutanen Espanya.

## manazarta
Edmund Henry Hambly

**Dr Edmund Henry Tregothwyn Hambly** MRCS; FRCS; MB BS; LRCP (24 Maris 1914 - 9 Maris 1985), ɗan Burtaniya ne likitan kasusuwa, ɗan siyasan jam'iyyar Labour da Liberal Party kuma mai goyon bayan kiyaye harshen Cornish .

## Tarihi
An haifi Hambly a Port Isaac, Cornwall, ɗan Edmund Hambly da matarsa Gertrude Mary Hotten kuma jikan Henry Albert Hambly da matarsa Anne née Trevan . Ya yi karatu a Makarantar Blundell. Ya auri Elizabeth Mary Cadbury, ita ma likita ce. Suna da 'ya'ya hudu, 'yar da maza uku. Ya kasance memba mai aiki na Society of Friends .  Ya koma Buckinghamshire a cikin shekarun 1940. An sanya shi Freeman na Birnin London. Ya yi iƙirarin cewa shi ne mutum na ƙarshe da ya rage wanda ke magana da Cornish. Ya kasance mai aiki sosai wajen sake farfado da harshen Cornish. Ya kasance, a wani lokaci, Bard "Gwas Arthur" a Cornish Gorsedd . 

## Ayyukan sana'a
Hambly ya cancanci zama likita a 1937 lokacin da ya kammala karatu daga St Bartholomew's. Ya sami Fellowship na Royal Colleges of Surgeons a 1938. Rashin lafiya ya hana shi shiga soja a yakin duniya na biyu. Ya kasance likitan tiyata na Harley Street. Ya kasance babban mataimakin tiyata a Asibitin Westminster da asibitin Royal National Orthopaedic a duk lokacin yakin. Yana da sha'awa ta musamman a cikin jijiyoyin da ke kewaye da kuma kula da kashin baya na ma'aikatan da suka ji rauni. Bayan yakin an nada shi a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga likitan tiyata a asibitin Yarima na Wales, Tottenham, asibitin Royal, Richmond da asibitin Acton. Ya yi aiki har zuwa 1969 lokacin da aka tilasta masa ya yi ritaya saboda rashin lafiya. Ya kasance Liveryman na Worshipful Society of Apothecaries . Ya kuma kasance manomi a Cornwall . 

## Ayyukan siyasa
Hambly ya shiga jam'iyyar Labour Party. A shekara ta 1946 an zabe shi a Majalisar Gundumar London wanda ke wakiltar Lewisham East . An nada shi mataimakin shugaban kwamitin tsara gari da ƙasa. A cikin wannan rawar ya taka rawar gani a cikin shirin bayan yakin London. A shekara ta 1949 an zabe shi ya wakilci Lewisham ta Kudu kuma ya ci gaba da yin hakan har sai an soke LCC a shekarar 1965. Ya zauna a matsayin wakilin jam'iyyar Labour har zuwa watan Agustan 1961 lokacin da ya yi murabus daga jam'iyyar, kuma ya yi aiki da sauran wa'adinsa a matsayin memba na Jam'iyyar Liberal.Ya kasance dan takarar Liberal na Falmouth da Camborne na Cornwall a Babban Zabe na 1964. Bai sake tsayawa takarar majalisa ba.

### Tarihin zabe

## manazarta
Nicholas Boson

**Nicholas Boson** (1624-1708) marubuci ne a cikin, kuma mai kiyayewa na, Harshen Cornish . An haife shi a Newlyn ga dangin masu mallakar ƙasa da masu kasuwanci da ke da hannu a cikin kamun kifi.

Mahaifiyar Nicholas ta hana maƙwabtansu da bayinsu yin magana da yaren Cornish a gare shi, don haka ya zama mai iya magana da yarensu ne kawai lokacin da yake buƙatar shi don kasuwanci tare da masunta. Ya taimaka wa William Scawen da Edward Lhuyd a cikin rikodin su na Cornish .

Boson ya rubuta muhimman matani uku a cikin Cornish: *"Nebbaz gerriau dro tho Carnoack"* ("A Few Words about Cornish"), tsakanin 1675 da 1708; "Jowan Chy-an-Horth, py, An try foynt a skyans" ("John na Chyannor, ko, The three points of wisdom"), wanda Edward Lhuyd ya buga a cikin 1707, kodayake bisa ga Lhuyd an rubuta game da shekaru arba'in da suka gabata; da kuma The Dutchess of Cornwall's Progress, wani ɓangare a cikin Turanci kuma yanzu an san shi ne kawai a cikin raguwa. Biyu na farko sune kawai sanannun rubutun Cornish da suka tsira daga karni na goma sha bakwai.

An binne shi a cocin Paul, inda dansa John Boson da dan uwansa Thomas Boson, 'yan uwansa marubuta a Cornish, suma suke hutawa.

## Manazarta

* Matthew Spriggs, 'Iyalin Boson (per. c.1675-1730) ", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 ya sami damar 11 Oktoba 2007wanda aka samu 11 Oktoba 2007

## Haɗin waje

* Rubutun yaren Cornish na Nicholas Boson
James Whetter

**James C. A. Whetter** (20 ga watan Satumba 1935 - 24 Fabrairu 2018) masanin tarihi ne kuma ɗan siyasa na Cornish, wanda aka lura da shi a matsayin ɗan ƙasar Cornish kuma editan The Cornish Banner (An *Baner Kernewek*). Ya yi takara a zaben jam'iyyun 'Yancin kai na Cornish guda biyu. Wani marubuci mai yawa, Dokta James Whetter shi ne editan mujallar Mebyon Kernow ta kowane wata Cornish Nation a farkon shekarun 1970 kafin daga baya ya zama mai aiki a cikin Jam'iyyar Cornish Nationalist. Yayinda yake aiki a Mebyon Kernow ya rubuta A Celtic Tomorrow - Essays in Cornish Nationalism (MK Publications 1973) da The Celtic Background of Kernow (MK Publishations 1971), wanda ya yi niyyar taimakawa yara a makaranta a cikin kyakkyawar fahimtar tarihin Celtic da al'adun Cornish.

Littattafan Whetter sun haɗa da *Tarihin Kwalejin Glasney* (Padstow: Tabb House, 1988), *Cornwall a cikin karni na sha bakwai* (Padstows: Lodenek Press, 1974) da *Tarihin Falmouth* (Redruth: Dyllansow Truran, 1981).

Whetter ya sami digiri na PhD daga Jami'ar London kuma ya kasance darektan Cibiyar Roseland, cibiyar Nazarin Cornish a Gorran Haven kusa da St Austell .  Cibiyar ta ƙunshi ɗakin karatu na littattafai sama da 20,000 a cikin tsari na tsarawa da sanyawa a kan layi kuma shine tushe don ayyukan wallafe-wallafen Lyfrow Trelyspen da CNP Publications. Tsohon yana samar da ayyuka a kan tarihin Cornish, litattafai da batutuwa masu alaƙa, kuma na ƙarshe, mujallar Cornish ta kwata-kwata, The Cornish Banner (An *Baner Kernewek*). 

## Ayyukan siyasa
A shekara ta 1974, Whetter ya tsaya sau biyu a matsayin dan takarar majalisa na Mebyon Kernow kafin ya kafa, a shekara ta 1975, jam'iyyar Cornish Nationalist Party, jam'iyyar siyasa da ta rabu da Mebyon kernow don yin yakin neman 'yancin Cornish, kuma wanda ya kasance dan takara a babban zaben 1979.

## Zaben da aka yi
**Zaben Majalisar Dattijai na Burtaniya**

Dokta Whetter ya kuma yi takara a matsayin dan majalisa na Turai na Cornwall da Plymouth a shekarar 1984 a matsayin dan takarar CNP wanda ya samu kuri'u 1,892 (1.0).

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin batutuwa da suka shafi Cornwall

## manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Mutuwa da girmamawa ga Dokta James Whetter da aka buga a shafin yanar gizon Transceltic
* Dokta James Whetter Obituary a shafin yanar gizon labarai na Cornwall Live ciki har da girmamawa daga Dick Cole, shugaban Mebyon Kernow, masanin tarihi Bernard Deacon da Michael Bunney, shugaban kungiyar St Gorran Parish History Society da kuma wakilin Ikklisiya