Claudia Capitolina

**Claudia Capitolina** (Girkanci) ta kasance Gimbiya ce ta Commagene a ƙarni na 1. Ita mace ce ta Girka ta Masar da ke zaune a Daular Romawa kuma ta auri Yarima Gaius Julius Archelaus Antiochus Epiphanes . 

## Rayuwa
*Capitolina* ta fito ne daga wani fitaccen iyali na matsayi na Equestrian. An haife ta kuma ta girma a Alexandria, Misira . Capitolina 'yar Tiberius_Claudius_Balbilus" id="mwGg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tiberius Claudius Balbilus">Tiberius Claudius Balbilus ce kuma ita kaɗai ce ta matarsa da ba a san sunanta ba. Sunan Capitolina, mai yiwuwa daga gefen mahaifiyarta ne. Mahaifinta yana daya daga cikin manyan majistare na matsayi na Equestrian wanda ya yi aiki a Roma. Balbilus masanin taurari ne kuma masanin kimiyya, wanda daga baya ya zama Prefect na Masar. Kakan mahaifin Capitolina, masanin ilimin Girkanci ne na Masar kuma masanin taurari mai suna Thrasyllus na Mendes ko Tiberius Claudius Thrasyllis, wanda abokin Sarkin sarakuna na Roma ne Tiberius, yayin da kakarta ta mahaifinta ita ce Gimbiya Aka II ta Commagene, wacce ta kasance babban, jikokin Sarki Antiochus I Theos na Commagene. Dan uwan mahaifinta shine Ennia Thrasylla wanda ya auri prefect na Praetorian Guard, Naevius Sutorius Macro .

### Commagene
A shekara ta 64, Capitolina ta auri wani yarima na Girka daga Masarautar Commagene mai suna Gaius Julius Archelaus Antiochus Epiphanes,  wanda dan uwan Capitolina ne na biyu. Ba a ambaci ta ta ta hanyar Romawa ba, duk da haka an gano ta a matsayin matar Epiphanes kuma mahaifiyar 'ya'yan Epiphanes, ta hanyar tsira da rubutun girmamawa da kuma tsira da waƙoƙin girmamawa da aka keɓe mata. Bayan Epiphanes ta auri Capitolina, sun zauna kuma sun zauna a kotun surukinta Sarki Antiochus IV na Commagene. Ba a san dangantakar da ke tsakanin Capitolina da Epiphanes ba. Capitolina ta haifi Epiphanes a cikin 65 ɗansu na farko da ɗansu Gaius Julius Antiochus Epiphanes Philopappos a Samosata .

Capitolina ta zauna a Commagene daga 64 har zuwa 72. A cikin 72 Lucius Caesennius Paetus, Gwamnan Roma na Siriya ya aika da wasiƙu da aka aika wa Sarkin sarakuna na Roma Vespasian yana zargin Antiochus IV, Epiphanes da ɗan'uwan Epiphanes Callinicus da shirin tayar da Roma da yin kawance da kansu da Sarkin Parthia. Paetus ya zargi Antiochus IV, Epiphanes da Callinicus da rashin aminci ga sarki a cikin waɗannan wasiƙu. Ba a san ko waɗannan zarge-zargen gaskiya ne ko ƙarya ba. Bayan karanta wasikun, Vespasian ya ji cewa ba zai iya amincewa da iyalin Antiochus IV ba kuma ba zai iya dogara da su don kare dabarun ƙetare a Kogin Yufiretis a Samosata ba. Vespasian ya ba da umarni ga Antiochus IV don kawo karshen mulkinsa a Commagene.

Paetus ya mamaye Masarautar Commagene, a matsayin shugaban Legio VI Ferrata . Abokin ciniki Sarakuna Aristobulus na Chalcis da Sohaemus na Emesa suma sun ba da sojoji ga Paetus. Dukansu sun isa daren da ya gabata kafin yaƙin. Kamar yadda Epiphanes da Callinicus suka shirya kansu a wannan dare don yaƙi, Antiochus IV yana shirin guduwa zuwa Cilicia.

Kashegari da safe cewa yaƙin ya kamata ya faru Epiphanes tare da Capitolina kuma ɗansu tare da Callinicus saboda tsoron Romawa ya gudu zuwa Sarkin Parthia, yayin da Antiochus IV kuma saboda tsoron Romawan ya gudu zuwa Cilicia. Akwai yiwuwar cewa Epiphanes da Callinicus sun yi ɗan gajeren ƙoƙari na tsayayya da mamayewa, kafin su gudu zuwa Parthia.

### Rayuwa ta baya
Iyalin Antiochus IV sun bar sojojin su da 'yan Commagene su sauka. Antiochus IV da iyalinsa ba su taɓa la'akari da haifar da yaƙi da Roma ba kuma suna so su wanke kansu daga waɗannan zarge-zargen. Vespasian ya dawo da hankali zuwa Roma, Epiphanes; Capitolina, ɗansu tare da Callinicus a cikin girmamawa na Sojojin Romawa. Capitolina; Epiphanes, ɗansu tare da Callinicus sun zauna a Roma tare da Antiochus IV har tsawon rayuwarsa. Vespasian ya ba Antiochus IV da iyalinsa isasshen kudaden shiga don rayuwa. Antiochus IV da iyalinsa suna da rayuwa mai ban sha'awa kuma an bi da su da girmamawa sosai.

A cikin 72, Capitolina ta haifi Epiphanes wani yaro, 'yar mai suna Julia Balbilla a Roma. Bayan mutuwar Antiochus IV, Capitolina; Epiphanes da iyalansu sun koma kuma a ƙarshe sun zauna a Athens Girka.

Mahaifin Capitolina ya mutu a shekara ta 79. Balbilus aboki ne ga sarakunan Romawa na farko, gami da Vespasian . Vespasian ya yi tunani sosai game da shi kuma ya sadaukar da bikin wasanni da ake kira Balbillean Games, wanda aka sanya masa suna kuma aka gudanar don girmama ƙwaƙwalwarsa wanda aka gudanar a Afisa daga 79 zuwa ƙarni na 3.

A Afisa, akwai rubuce-rubuce da suka tsira a cikin sunan Capitolina da kuma sunan mahaifinta marigayi. Wadannan rubuce-rubucen da suka tsira sune masu girmamawa, waɗanda ke keɓewa da girmama Capitolina a matsayin 'yar Balbilus kuma a matsayin mai shiga cikin girmamawa na *Wasannin Balbillean* a Afisa.

Bayan mutuwar Epiphanes a Athens a cikin 92, Capitolina ta koma Alexandria. Capitolina ta rayu sauran shekarunta a Misira kuma ta auri ɗan siyasa Marcus Junius Rufus tsakanin 94 da 98.

Ɗanta ya kasance a Athens inda ya zama fitaccen ɗan ƙasa. 'Yarta ta zama fitacciyar mawaki kuma ta zama abokiyar tafiya ga Sarkin sarakuna Hadrian na Roma da matarsa Roman Empress Vibia Sabina . A cikin wani waka da ya tsira wanda Balbilla ta rubuta wanda aka keɓe don ƙwaƙwalwar iyayenta da kakanninta, Balbilla ya bayyana iyayenta a matsayin 'masu ibada' kuma ya rubuta sosai game da kakanninsa.

## Manazarta