Kama carbon da adanawa a Ostiraliya

Karɓar carbon da adanawa (**CCS**) fasaha ce da za ta iya kama hayakin carbon dioxide CO da aka samar daga man fetur a cikin wutar lantarki, hanyoyin masana'antu waɗanda ke hana CO2 shiga cikin yanayi. Ana amfani da **Kamawa da adanawa na carbon** don rufe CO2 da aka tace daga iskar gas daga wasu filayen iskar gas. Duk da yake yawanci CO2 ba shi da darajar bayan an adana shi, Enhanced Oil Recovery yana amfani da CO2 don kara yawan amfanin gona daga raguwar filayen mai.

There are no currently-operating large-scale CCS projects in Australia, although the Gorgon gas project will qualify when it is fully operational. Despite multiple CCS demonstration projects at Australian coal-fired power stations, none of Australia's coal plants are currently capturing CO2 or have a time frame for doing so. Australian Treasury modelling finds that CCS is not expected to be commercially viable until the 2030s. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates that the economic potential of CCS could be between 10% and 55% of the total carbon mitigation effort until 2100.

A cikin Kasafin kudin 2017, Gwamnatin Turnbull ta ba da sanarwar dakatar da Asusun Nuni na Fasahar Rashin Rashin Ruwa a cikin shekarar kudi ta 2017 da kuma dakatar da kudade na shari'ar kasuwanci don shirin Carbon Capture da Storage Flagships a cikin shekarar kuɗi ta 2019.  Wannan yana kan kasafin kudin 2015, inda Gwamnatin Abbott ta yanke $ 460m daga ayyukan bincike na CCS inda ta bar $ 191.7m don ci gaba da ayyukan da ke akwai na shekaru bakwai masu zuwa. Gwamnatin Labor ta baya ta riga ta yanke shirin kuma yawancin kudaden ba a rarraba su ba.

## Ƙalubalen

# Kudin CCS zai sa wutar lantarki ta kwal ta fi tsada fiye da wutar lantarki ta iska 
# Rashin yiwuwar ɓarkewa daga tafkuna na karkashin kasa ko na karkashin ruwa
# Rashin wuraren da za a iya amfani da su da kuma iyawa idan aka kwatanta da yawan iskar gas da ake buƙata don a tsare ta a kan ci gaba.
# CCS a halin yanzu yana buƙatar har zuwa 30% fiye da tsire-tsire na al'ada don rufe bukatun makamashi na CCS (ko da yake R&D yana inganta inganci da sauri), kuma dole ne a fara hakar karin kwal (wanda ke da tasirin muhalli) kuma a kai shi zuwa shuka (wanda ke ɗaukar makamashi) 
# Abubuwan more rayuwa da ake buƙata zasu ɗauki shekaru don ginawa
# fitar da iskar gas mai haifar da ruwan sama kamar nitrogen oxides da sulfur oxides na shuka da ke kama  zai kai kashi 40 cikin dari fiye da jimlar fitar da shuka ta zamani wacce ba ta kama CO2 saboda karin kwal da aka ƙone 

## Kasancewar gwamnati
A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2008, Gwamnatin Commonwealth ta Australiya ta zartar da Dokar Gudanar da Man Fetur (Gas na Greenhouse) na shekara ta 2008 wanda ke ba da tsarin tsari don adana carbon dioxide a cikin ruwan teku na tarayya.

Dokar Tsaro ta Gas ta Victorian Greenhouse ta 2008 (No. 61 na 2008) ta sami amincewar sarauta a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 2008. Yana ba da tsarin doka da aka keɓe wanda ke ba da damar allurar kan teku da adana abubuwa na gas na dindindin. Har ila yau, gwamnatin jihar ta haɓaka tsarin tsari don wuraren ajiya na bakin teku (watau waɗancan wuraren da ke cikin nautical mile 3 na ikon jihar; Dokar Tsaro ta Man Fetur da Greenhouse Gas ta 2010. 

Dukkanin gwamnatocin jihohin Australia da na tarayya sun kasance manyan masu ba da gudummawa ga binciken CCS da ci gaba. Shirye-shiryen CCS na gwamnatin tarayya sun hada da CO2CRC (wanda aka kafa a shekara ta 2003), Asusun Bayyana Fasahar Fasahar Ruwa (2004-2017), kudade don Haɗin gwiwar Asiya da Pacific kan Ci Gaban Tsabtace da Yanayi (2006-2011, Sabuntawa, CCS da sauransu), Ƙungiyar Ƙananan Ƙasa ta Ƙasa (wanda aka Kafa a shekara ta 2008), Cibiyar CCS ta Duniya (wanda aka samo a shekara ta 2009), Asusun Nazarin Karfe da Adanawa na Karfe na Karfe (2015-2016) da Adana (2012).

Kudin tallafin tarayya ga waɗannan shirye-shiryen ya kai dala biliyan 3.5-3.6, wanda aka yi dala biliyan 1.3 ko kuma ana sa ran za a yi.

## Manazarta