Serge Ivanoff

**Serge Petrovitch Ivanoff** (25 Disamba 1893, Moscow - 8 Fabrairu 1983, Paris) ɗan Faransa ne mai zane-zane na asalin Rasha.

## Tarihin rayuwa
Dan dangin 'yan kasuwa na Muscovite, Serge Ivanoff ya kasance mai fasaha tun yana ƙarami sa. A lokacin da iyayensa suka koma St. Petersburg ya dauki darussan a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta kasar Saint Petersburg (a yau Kwalejin Sayarwa ta Rasha), musamman laccoci da aikin dakin gwaje-gwaje na Farfesa Schmidt akan jikin mutum. A nan ne ya fara hulɗa da Turai, ta hanyar tafiye-tafiye zuwa Switzerland da Norway. Sa'an nan kuma yaƙin ya zo, a lokacin da aka tattara shi a matsayin mai bindiga.

A shekara ta 1917, yayin da Juyin Juya Halin Rasha ya yi tsananin tashin hankali, ya shiga abin da ke Kwalejin Fasaha ta Rasha, Sculpture da Gine-gine a Kwalejin Kwalejin Imperial (wanda zai zama, a shekara ta 1992, Cibiyar I.E. Repin St. Petersburg ta Jihar Kwalejin Painting, Sculpure da Gine'a,  wanda ke ƙarƙashin Kwalejin Rasha).  

Lokacin da yake da shekaru 24, ya shiga Kwalejin Fasaha ta Imperial kuma ya kammala fasaharsa a karkashin jagorancin Master Braz, mai kula da Gidan Tarihi na Hermitage a Saint Petersburg. Daga nan sai ya tafi aji na Farfesa Kardovsky kuma ya gama karatunsa a Kwalejin tare da aiki mai gasa a 1922. Wannan shine gabatarwar farko na wannan tsari a lokacin Juyin Juya Halin Bolshevik. Dukkanin hulɗa da Turai an yanke su kuma tafiye-tafiye na karatu a kasashen waje ba su samuwa ga ɗaliban Kwalejin ba. A cikin 1920, matarsa, tare da 'ya'yansu biyu, sun tsere daga Bolsheviks zuwa Paris. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, bayan ya gama karatunsa kuma har abada ya kasance alama ce ta tsoro na juyin juya halin, Serge ya shiga su a Paris.

Amma kafin ya tafi, ya yi tafiya a hankali a cikin ƙauyen Rasha don ya rubuta wahayinsa na zurfin Rasha a kan takarda wanda zai nuna shi har abada. Da yake ci gaba da hanyarsa, Ilya Repin ya maraba da shi a cikin dacha a Kuokkala, kafin ya haye Finland da ƙafa. Bayan ya bar ƙaunataccen Rasha, Serge Ivanoff ya ɗauki ainihin koyarwar da ta fi dacewa a cikin sana'arsa a matsayin mai zane.

A ƙarshe ya kasance zuwa Paris, ta hanyar Ingila, cewa matakansa sun kai shi. Yana da wani karamin littafi na shaida da aka buga a can: "La famine en Russie Bolchévique", inda ya kwatanta wani rubutu mai ban sha'awa tare da zane-zanensa masu tsauri.

A ƙarshe ya yi gudun hijira, ya kirkiro *Hoton* na littafi, posters da tallace-tallace don samun rayuwa, yayin da yake ci gaba da bincikensa na fasaha. Tafiya ta manyan biranen Turai, ya kafa suna mai kyau a matsayin mai zane-zane. Daga 1930 zuwa 1950, ya yi aiki tare da mujallar L'Illustration  kuma, saboda haka, ya sake tafiya a duniya: Italiya, Denmark, Holland, Belgium, Brazil. 

Ya samar da zane-zanen rahoto, kamar waɗannan jerin zane-zanensa da ke wakiltar Hôtel Drouot  ko waɗannan watercolors da ke gabatar da Cathedrals na Faransa, wanda Musée Carnavalet ya sami sassa da yawa a cikin 1988. Ya tsara kayan ado na mataki da wasan kwaikwayo. Wakilansa na kayan ado na Haute (Schiaparelli, Molyneux, Rochas, Patou) sun sanya murfin mujallu na zamani. Van Cleef & Arpels sun ba da izinin hoto daga gare shi don Nunin New York a 1939,  wanda ke nuna samfurin da ke sanye da kayan ado daga tarin "Passe-Partout".

Ya sadu da mutane da yawa mafi kyau na lokacin. Wadannan ayyukan zane-zane, suna 'yantar da shi daga matsalolin kasuwar fasaha, suna ba shi damar bin ƙarin bincike na kansa. Ta haka ne ya binciki babban classicism da yake so a lokacin ta hanyar tsara al'amuran almara, al'amarin jinsi da har yanzu rayuwa

A cikin 1937, L'Illustration ya nemi Serge Ivanoff ya yi ra*Hoton* zane wanda ke kwatanta ciki na Vatican. Wannan tafiya ta kasance muhimmiyar canji a gare shi saboda dalilai da yawa. Da farko dai, saba da manyan malamai na baya na makarantar Italiya, sannan farkon aiki a matsayin mai zane-zane na prelates na Cocin Katolika. A Roma mai zane ya yi gamuwa da Vyacheslav Ivanov, babban mutum na Silver Age. Masanin falsafa ya sa ya san ikonsa na kirkirar, wanda daga baya zai ba shi damar zurfafa hanyar kansa.

Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, ya ci gaba da aikinsa na kasa da kasa a Brazil sannan a Argentina. Kudancin Amurka ya yi wa salon sa da 'yancin taɓawa da ƙarfin zuciya a launi. A lokaci guda, ya sami babban suna a matsayin mai zane-zane, wanda ya bi shi bayan iyakoki.

A shekara ta 1950, Ivanoff ya koma Amurka; shekara guda bayan haka ya zama ɗan ƙasa mai daraja. [dubious - tattauna] Fiye da shekaru goma ya yi tafiya a fadin nahiyar Amurka, yana aiwatar da hotuna da yawa. 

At the end of the 1960s, he returned permanently to France and set up his studio at 80 Rue Taitbout, in Paris. He was a member of the Salon des Indépendants. 
In 1965, France's first Minister of Cultural Affairs, André Malraux, awarded him a gold medal for his painting "**Menaces**" (Threats).&#x5B;**&#x5D; This painting is now in the collection of the Russian Embassy in Paris (donated by the Ivanoff family on the death of the artist).

Jikansa Alexandre Barbera-Ivanoff, wanda aka haifa a shekara ta 1973, shi ma sanannen mai zane ne. Shi ne kawai gwani da iyalin Ivanoff suka ba shi ikon tabbatar da ayyukan Serge Ivanoff.

## Mai zane-zane mai basira, ya zana ko ya zana hoton sanannun mutane da yawa

* Babban Duke Vladimir Kirillovich na Rasha, Paris, 1944
* Vyacheslav Ivanov, Roma, 1937 (tarin *Cibiyar Bincike ta V. Ivanov* a Roma) 
* Alexandre Benois,  1944 (Tarin Gidan Tarihi na Rasha) 
* [Hasiya] Braz, a nasa bangaren, ya zana hoton Serge Ivanoff.
* Zinaida Serebriakova, Paris, 1940 (Tarin K. Serebriakov). Serebriakova a mayar da ita ta zana hoton Sergei Ivanoff. Ɗansa, Alexandre Serebriakoff, ya zana zane-zane na ruwa wanda ke wakiltar ɗakin studio na Serge Ivanoff (Paris, 1944).
* Natalia Goncharova, Paris, 1960.  (Tarin kayan tarihi na Rasha) 
* Nicholas Kalmakoff, Paris, 1929
* Boris Riabouchine, Paris, 1962 (Tarin Gidan Tarihi na Rasha) 
* Yury Annenkov
* Boris Zaytsev
* Arthur Honegger Ivanoff ya zana hoton Arthur Honeggers. A birnin Paris a shekara ta 1944. [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] An nuna hoton a 1954 a San Francisco, Fadar Legion of Honor .
* Edwige Feuillère   a matsayin La Dame aux Camélias, Paris, 1943
* Danielle Darrieux, 1942 
* María Casares, Paris, 1947
* Clara Tambour, mawaƙiya kuma 'yar wasan Faransa
* Myriam Colombi, Paris, 1982 (hotonsa na karshe a kan kwamiti kafin mutuwarsa) 
* Maggy Rouff (Marguerite de Wagner), Paris, 1948

* Jacques Fath
* Olga Boznańska, Paris, 1929 
* Charles Guérin, Paris, 1929 
* Gustave Alaux, mai zane
* François Cogné,  Paris, 1945. Mai zane-zane ya yi a wannan shekarar gashin tagulla na Serge Ivanoff.
* Paul Valéry
* Maurice Rostand, Paris, 1942 
* Anatole Faransa
* Paul Léautaud
* Bettina von Arnim
* [Hasiya]  (Museum Armenian na Faransa tarin) 
* Romuald Szramkiewicz, lauyan Faransa
* Franz von Wolff-Metternich
* João Neves da Fontoura, Rio de Janeiro, 1948
* Ubangiji Dunsany, San Francisco, 1953
* Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, 1953
* Jefferson Caffery da hoton matarsa Gertrude McCarthy, Paris, 1946 
* Irina Belotelkin, mai zane da kuma mai zane na Amurka
* Mildred Anna Williams (Fensir mai launi, tarin Legion of Honor, Gidan Tarihi na Fine Arts na San Francisco) 
* H.K.S.W. Williams (Fensir mai launi, tarin Legion of Honor, Gidan Tarihi na Fine Arts na San Francisco) 
* Moore S. Achenbach, tawada, 1957 (Collection Legion of Honor, Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco) 
* Herman Flax, San Ffrancisco, 1954
* Yarima Nicholas Tchkotoua, San Francisco, 1953
* Sam Rayburn, 1958

* Eleanor Roosevelt, zane a wurin a taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Lake Success, Mayu 1950

## A gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Paris ya kirkiro hotuna na masu rawa na lokacin, a cikin kayan ado na mataki

* Serge Lifar  a matsayin Yarima Albert mai soyayya daga wasan kwaikwayo na Giselle,  Paris, 1941.
* Lycette Darsonval a matsayin Giselle, Paris, 1941. Ayyukan da aka nuna a 1986 a New York, Main Gallery: "Karnuka Uku na Paris Opera Ballet".
* Serge Peretti, mutum na farko da ya karbi taken Danseur étoile a Giselle, 1941 
* José Torres, mai rawa da kuma mai tsara wasan kwaikwayo na Mutanen Espanya, Paris, 1965
* Marianne Ivanoff (ɗan Serge Ivanoff matar José Torres), Paris, 1932 
* Yvette Chauviré,  mai daraja mace ta "Chevalier et la Damoiselle", sabon wasan kwaikwayo na Serge Lifar. ,  Paris, 1941 da hoto na biyu a 1944.
* Solange Schwarz a matsayin Coppélia, Paris, 1940
* Suzanne Lorcia, ta yi ado a matsayin Gimbiya ta Swan LakeTafkin Swan
* Sacha Lyo, Paris, 1932 
* Marcelle Bourgat (malamin rawa na Brigitte Bardot), hoto a matsayin Gioconda, Paris, 1941 
* Ghislaine Thesmar, Paris, 1976

## Serge Ivanoff ya zana hotuna da yawa na malamai

* Paparoma Pius XI, a Castel Gandolfo, 1937  *Hoton* zai bayyana a gaban murfin L'Illustration a cikin wani kundi na musamman game da mutuwar Paparoma, a watan Fabrairun 1939. Paparoma, ko da yake yana da rashin lafiya kuma ya gaji, ya tsaya don hoton shiryawa.

* Kadanal Van Roey,  1944
* Mgr Harscouët, bishops na Chartres, 1943 (Har yanzu ana iya samun hoton a yau a cikin ɗakin Cathedral na Chartres) 
* Kadanal Verdier a kan gadonsa na mutuwa, 1940 
* Raymond Léopold Bruckberger
* Kadanal Canali
* Kaddada Tisserant
* Kadanal Mariani
* Kadanal Tedeschini
* Kadanal Jaime de Barros Câmara, Brazil, 1947

## Shirya ayyukan sirri
Tare da kwamitocin hotonsa da aikinsa a matsayin mai zane-zane da mai ado, Serge Ivanoff bai daina bin bincikensa a cikin fannoni da yawa na zanen ba. A lokacin tafiye-tafiyensa a Kudancin Amurka, ya bincika jigogi na almara, amma ta amfani da launi mai haske sosai. Sakamakon ya kasance manyan abubuwa, al'amuran mata tsirara a cikin wurare na dā. Taɓinsa a bayyane yake kuma ba zato ba tsammani.

Sa'an nan kuma lokacin Arewacin Amurka ya zo. A hankali, palette dinsa ya fara ɗaukar takamaiman kewayon launin shudi-gris, wanda zai ci gaba da bambanta da zurfafawa har zuwa mutuwarsa.

Da ya dawo Faransa a cikin 60s,  ya yi amfani da palette dinsa ga jigogi masu yawa na addini  da na kusa  , ciki na Paris,  mata tsirara,  al'amuran lalata  da kuma al'amarin almara. [5]
Fayil:Nu_allongé_1982.jpg|Reclining nude (1982)
Fayil:Nu_allongé_non_daté.jpg|Reclining nude (undated)
Fayil:Deux_femmes_sur_un_lit.jpg|Two women reclining on a bed
Fayil:Femme_au_bain.jpg|Woman bathing
Fayil:Le_peintre_et_son_modèle.jpg| The painter and his model
Fayil:Le_chevalier_et_la_jeune_fille.jpg|The knight and the maiden
Fayil:Baptême_du_Christ.jpg|The Baptism of Christ
Fayil:Scène_mythologique.jpg|Mythological scene


## Hotunan Littafin

* Za a iya samun ƙarin bayani a wannan talifin a dandalin www.jw.org/ha.
* *Ƙananan Waƙoƙi*, Charles Baudelaire, Javal da Bourdeaux 1933 
* Halin da ya faru a wurin wuta, Crebillon, 1934
* [Hasiya]
* [Hasiya]
* [Hotuna a shafi na 9]

## Bayanan littattafai

* La Famine en Russie Bolcheviste, rubuce-rubucen shaida na Serge Ivanoff, wanda aka kwatanta da zane 31 na marubucin. Sabuwar Littafin Kasa, Paris, 1924
* *Serge Ivanoff, Ofishin Jakadancin Rasha a Paris* - Katalog na baje kolin, Mayu 2006.

## Manazarta
Harshen Faransanci na wannan shafin (Serge Ivanoff) tare da gyare-gyare (duba Talk:Serge Ivánff).

* St. Petersburg Encyclopaedia