Luella Buros

**Luella Gubrud Buros** (an haife ta a ranar 10 ga watan Satumba, na shekara ta 1901 - 22 ga Yuni, 1995) ƴar Amurka ce mai zane-zane, mai ɗaukar hoto, kuma mai fafutukar zaman lafiya. A matsayinta na abokin haɗin gwiwa a cikin Gryphon Press, Buros ta tsara tsarin don Littafin Shekara na Mental Measurements, jerin kundin bincike da aka buga tare da mijinta, masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam Oscar Krisen Buros.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Buros a Canby, Minnesota, 'yar Anlaug (Ella) Ferguson da Luaritz (Lewis) M. Gubrud . An yi rayuwarta ta farko a Canby, Minnesota, da Ambrose, North Dakota . 

## Ilimi
Ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Jihar Ohio; Jami'ar Columbia, Kwalejin Malamai; da Jami'ar Rutgers . 

## Rayuwar iyali
Buros ta auri Oscar Krisen Buros a ranar 21 ga Disamba, 1925. Ma'auratan sun zauna a Superior, Wisconsin; New York City; Millburn, New Jersey; Kampala, Uganda; Nairobi, Kenya; Highland Park, New Jersey); da New Hope, Pennsylvania. An jawo su musamman zuwa Afirka kuma sun yi tafiya a can sau 11, gami da tafiye-tafiye biyu da Oscar ya haifar da karatun ilimi wanda ya dauki shekara daya da biyu.[1] A matsayinta na gwauruwa, gidan karshe na Luella ya kasance a Tucson, Arizona.

## Rayuwar sana'a
A matsayinta na mai zane, Buros ya yi aiki da farko a cikin watercolors da mai amma kuma a cikin zane-zane da daukar hoto. Bugu da kari, ta yi zane-zane kuma ta yi kayan ɗaki, gami da tebur, akwatunan littattafai, da ɗakunan. Hotunanta sun sami kyaututtuka kuma an nuna su a manyan birane da yawa, gami da Gidan Tarihi na Metropolitan a Birnin New York, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan Tarihin Corcoran a Washington DC, Gidan Gidan Tarih na Stedelijke Amsterdam, Gidan baje kolin Golden Gate na Duniya na Watercolors a San Francisco da kuma a cikin nune-nunen tafiye-tafiye na kasa da na duniya.  Ta zana abin da ta gani, daidai da salon gaskiya. Yawancin hotuna na ruwa suna nuna wuraren unguwa a Highland Park . "A kan mai, ana bi da mutane da mutunci da girmamawa" (shafi na 313).  &nbsp;Yawancin zane-zanenta na asali suna nunawa a ko'ina cikin Cibiyar Buros don Gwaje-gwaje a ofisoshi, ɗakin taro, da ɗakin karatu. Ta kasance mai karɓar kyaututtuka da girmamawa da yawa, gami da Association for Assessment in Counseling's Exemplary Practices Award, wanda ta karɓa a shekarar 1995. 

Duk da nasarar da ta samu a cikin waɗannan ayyukan fasaha, a tsakiyar shekarun 1930 Buros ta haɗu da mijinta a aikinsa na sana'a a fagen aunawa. Ta ci gaba da zanen na ɗan lokaci amma daga ƙarshe ta watsar da aikinta don yin aiki ne kawai a matsayin abokin mijinta. Buros ne ke da alhakin kirkirar zane da tsari na Yearbooks, wanda har yanzu ake amfani dashi a yau. Daga 1938 zuwa 1978, ma'auratan sun buga kundi takwas na jerin Mental Measurements Yearbook daga ginshiki na gidansu a Highland Park, New Jersey . 

## Kyauta
Lokacin da Oscar Buros ta mutu a shekara ta 1978, tare da *8th MMY* ba a kammala shi ba, Luella Buros ta gama aikin da kanta, ta buga littafin a kan jadawalin. Ita ce kadai mace da aka kira a cikin jerin sunayen "Famous Women in Testing"  wadanda ba su da digiri na gaba, ba tare da la'akari da shi ba. Luella Buros ta tabbatar da cewa gadon mijinta zai ci gaba kuma za a ci gaba da aikinsa har abada. A shekara ta 1979 ta kula da tsarin motsa Cibiyar Buros, kamar yadda aka kira Cibiyar, tare da duk abubuwan da take da su, zuwa Jami'ar Nebraska-Lincoln. A cikin 1994, Buros ya ba da kyauta mai mahimmanci don fadada manufa ta asali fiye da kimantawa na gwaje-gwajen da ke samuwa a kasuwanci.

Luella Buros ita ce mai ba da gudummawa ga mujallar, Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, wanda kungiyar American Psychological Association (APA) ta buga a halin yanzu. A cikin bayyana jajircewarta ga abubuwan zamantakewa, masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam Milton Schwebel (1992) ya bayyana Buros a matsayin "ginshiƙi na ƙarfi, ƙa'idodinta ba tare da lalacewa ba ta hanyar shekaru ko jin daɗin tattalin arziki, ƙudurin da ta yi na gwagwarmaya da mugunta na zamantakewa ba tare da raguwa ba. "  Ta ba da tallafi don tabbatar da ci gaba da mujallar har abada. Jaridar ta zama - kuma ta ci gaba da kasancewa - mujallar hukuma ta APA's Division 48: Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict and Violence: Peace Psychology Division. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan babban gudummawarta ta biyu ga wannan dalili, Buros ta mutu, a ranar 22 ga Yuni, 1995.

## Manazarta