Alvan Ikoku

**Alvan Azinna Ikoku** (An haife shi ranar 1 ga watan Agusta, shekarar 1900 &#x2013;ya mutu a ranar 18 ga watan Nuwamba, shekarar 1971) ya kasance masanin ilimin kasar Nijeriya, ɗan ƙasa, ɗan gwagwarmaya, sa'annan kuma ɗan siyasa.

## Rayuwa
An haife shi ne a ranar 1 ga watan Agusta, shekarar 1900, a garin Amanagwu Arochukwu, na jihar Abia ta yanzu, daga shekarar 1911 zuwa shekarar 1914, yayi karatun sa a makarantar firamare ta Gwamnati ta Arochukwu kuma daga shekarar 1915 zuwa shekarar 1920, ya halarci kwalejin Hope Waddell Calabar, inda ya kasance dalibi a ƙarƙashin James Emmanuel Aggrey, kuma abokai ne tare da Akanu Ibiam da Eyo Eyo Esua. A shekarar 1920, ya karbi aikinsa na koyarwa na farko tare da Cocin Presbyterian na Najeriya da Cocin Scotland a Itigidi sannan bayan shekaru biyu ya zama babban malamin koyarwa a Kwalejin Horar da Malamai na St. Paul, Awka, Jihar Anambra . Yayin da yake koyarwa a Awka, Ikoku ya sami digiri na Jami'ar London a Falsafa a cikin shekarata 1928, ta hanyar shirinta na waje .

A cikin shekarar 1932, Ikoku ya kafa Makarantar Sakandare ta Ilimi a Afirka ta Yamma: Makarantar Sakandare ta Aggrey Memorial, wacce ke Arochukwu kuma an sa mata sunan malamin sa James EK Aggrey, fitaccen masanin ilimin Ghana . A shekarar 1946, bayan sauye-sauye da dama na tsarin mulki da suka baiwa 'yan Najeriya da yawa damar shiga majalisun dokoki, sai aka tsayar da shi a majalisar dokokin gabashin Najeriya aka tura shi ma'aikatar ilimi. A cikin shekarar 1947 ya zama wani ɓangare na Majalisar Dokoki a Legas a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wakilai uku na Yankin Gabas.

Ikoku ya nuna matukar sha'awar gwamnati ga Kungiyar Malaman Makarantu ta Najeriya (NUT), inda ya zama sanadiyyar amincewa da Majalisar Dokoki ta amince da shawarwari 44 na NUT na yin kwaskwarima ga dokokin ilimi daban-daban. Ya gamu da tirjiya a cikin yawancin shekarun 1950, lokacin da Gwamnatin Mulkin Mallaka ta ƙi amincewa da shawarwarin NUT don gabatar da ilimi iri ɗaya a Nijeriya. Bayan samun 'yancin kai na ƙasa, Ikoku da ƙungiyarsa sun sami tabbaci, lokacin da waɗannan shawarwarin suka zama tushen manufar ilimin ilimi a cikin sabuwar ƙasar.

A cikin Shekarar 1962, ya yi kira ga 'Dokar Ilimi na Hakki' don ilimin firamare ya zama kyauta har tsawon shekaru shida a duk faɗin Nijeriya. Wannan daga baya Gwamnatin Soja ta Tarayya ta karba daga shekarar 1976. A yau an ba da ilimi kyauta ga duk makarantar firamare. Dokta Ikoku har yanzu ya kasance babban mashahuri a cikin ilimin Najeriya da ci gaban ilimi kuma ɗayan fitattun masanan ilimi da suka taɓa samu a Najeriya.

Bayan ya yi ritaya daga siyasar gwamnati, Ikoku ya yi aiki a bangarorin ilimi daban-daban a kasar. Ya kasance memba na Hukumar Ilimi ta Afirka ta Yamma (WAEC) da Majalisar Jami'ar Ibadan sannan ya kuma zama Shugaban Hukumar Gwamnonin Cibiyar Horar da Jirgin Sama.

## Daraja
Karramawa saboda gudummawar da ya bayar ga ilimi a kasar  Najeriya sun hada da digirin girmamawa na Doctorate a cikin Doka shekarar (1965) a wani taro na musamman na Jami'ar Ibadan, da kafa Kwalejin Ilimi ta Tarayya ta Alvan Ikoku, babban titi, Alvan Ikoku Way, a Maitama, Abuja (Babban birnin Najeriya) da kuma bikin tunawa da shi a kan takardar kuɗin Nijeriya, takardar Naira Goma . Ya mutu a 18 ga watan nuwamba shekarar 1971.

An kuma bayyana shi a cikin takardar kudi ta Naira    

## Manazarta
* Toyin Falola; Tarihin Najeriya, Greenwood Press (30 ga Satumba, 1999).