Mutanen siriliyo cruel

Mutanen Sierra Leone Creole (Krio Pipul) kungiyoyin kabilu ne na Saliyo. Kasar Saliyo Creole mutane ce zuriyar 'yan Amurka, ta Afro-Caribbean, kuma masanin' yan kasar Burtaniya da suka zauna a yankin Sierra Leone a matsayin wani wuri na 'yanci. Mazauna sun kira sabon sasantawa. ,The Black Loyalists: The Search for a Promised Land in Nova Scotia and Sierra Leone, 1783–1870, A yau, Leone Creoles sune kashi 1.2 na yawan jama'a na Saliyo.  
"Sierra Leone: Brief Introduction" 
Creoles na Saliyo suna da digiri daban-daban na asalinsu,    ]  Yi kama da makwabta na Liberiya da makabcinsu a Laberiya. R.W. July, Nineteenth Century Negritude: Edward W. Blyden in the Journal of African History, v, 1964, p. 77, n. 9. "This attitude to ‘mulattoes’ was of course racialist in view; cf. Burton, op. cit. p, 271 – ‘the worst class of all is the mulatto’. The correspondence recently published in Holden, op. cit. shows that Blyden had developed his views about ‘mulattoes’ during his conflicts with the Americo-]  A Saliyo, wasu daga cikin mazauna masu haddi tare da mazauna Turanci da sauran Turawa. Ta hanyar maroons na Jamaica, wasu Crimles tabbas suma suna da asalin asalin asalinsu.  fata na Nava  da kuma Jamiican Maroons daga' 'Yan Afirka, kamar yadda Akuba 19 da farko, 
Americo-Liberians da Saliyo sune kawai Kabilar kabilanci na Afirka ta Amurka, da kuma zuriyar Afrika da Afro-Caribbean a Yammacin Afirka.  Poplack, Shana Yaba da aka watsa a cikin halayensu, crosles a matsayin aji na kud da kudade tare da gwamnatin Biritaniya; Sun zama masu ilimi a cibiyoyin Biritaniya da kuma ci gaba da manyan matsayin jagoranci a mulkin mallaka Saliyo da Afirka ta Yamma.  Sierra Leone in Colonial West Africa: A Synoptic Socio-Political History". History Compass. 7 (3): 583–603. doi:10.1111/j.1478-0542.2009.00596 saboda wannan tarihin, yawancin matukan Saliyo suna da sunaye na farko da / ko sunan mahaifinsu waɗanda ke fitowa ko Ingila a asalin.
Creoles are Christians, whether nominal or in practice, at over 98 percent. Recently, some scholars consider the Oku ethnic group to be Creoles,[19] although others reject this premise given the differentiation in admixture, religion, and cultural practices between the Oku and Creoles, such as the practice of female genital mutilation, bundu society membership and polygamy among the 
Creolles sun mamaye Kiristocin da akasarinsu suna zaune a yankin yankin Saliyo na kewayen Saliyo. Sierra Leone: The Land, Its People and History ] Daga haɗarin mutanensu, waɗanda suka kirkiro waɗanda suka faru menene yanzu harshen Krio na ɗan'uwan Krio, ɗan yaren Afirka, da sauran yaren Turai. Yaren da aka ficewar yalwar harshe a kusan dukkanin sassan Saliyo. Kamar yadda aka yi magana da yaren Krio ta kashi 96 na yawan jama'ar ƙasar,   Ya ƙunshi dukkanin kabilu daban-daban, musamman a cikin kasuwancin su da juna.  "Sierra Leone: Krio and the Quest for National Integration"   shi ne babban yare na farko a tsakanin Saliyo a gidajen kasashen waje. Thompson, V. A. D. (2013). The Transformation of Freetown Christianity, 1960–2000. Doctoral Dissertation, University of 

Kungiyar Saliyo ta zauna a karni na Yammacin Afirka a karni na goma sha tara a cikin al'ummomin kamar su LAGHE (Kamaru); Conakry (Guinea); Banjul (Gambam); Legaros, Abeokuta, Calabar, Onisha (Nigeria); Accra, Cape Coast (Ghana) da Fernando Pó (Equatorial Guinea).  Little, K. L. (1950). "The Significance of the West African Creole for Africanist and Afro-American Studies". African Affairs. 49 (197): 308–319. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf. harshen Krio na mutanen Creole mutane sun yi tasiri ga sauran PIDEROPIAN Ingilishi, Ingilishi na Najeriya,   As a result of their history, the Gambian Creole people, or Aku people of the Gambia,,,  the Saro people of Nigeria, and the Krio Fernandinos of Equatorial Guinea,[    sub-ethnic groups or partly descended from the Sierra Leone Creole people or their ancestors.
## Kabilanci da bayyani
Kalmar Turanci creole ta samo asali ne daga harshen Faransanci, wanda kuma ya fito daga Portuguese crioulo, raƙuman cria, ma'ana mutum ya tashi a cikin gidan mutum. Cria ya samo asali ne daga criar, ma'ana "dogo ko kawowa", ita kanta ta samo asali ne daga kalmar Latin creare, ma'ana "yi, fitarwa, samarwa, haifa"; shi kansa tushen kalmar Ingilishi "ƙirƙira". Kalmar creole tana da cognates da yawa a cikin wasu harsuna, kamar créole, creolo, criol, criollo, crioulo, kreol, kreyol, krio, kriol, kriolu, da kriyoyo.

A Louisiana, an yi amfani da kalmar Creole tun 1792 don wakiltar zuriyar Afirka ko iyayen gauraye na kabilanci da kuma 'ya'yan Faransanci da Mutanen Espanya ba tare da haɗakar launin fata ba.   An fara amfani da shi don siffanta harsuna daga 1879, yayin da a matsayin sifa, daga 1748. A cikin wasu ƙasashe masu jin Spanish, ana amfani da kalmar Criollo a yau don kwatanta wani abu na gida ko kuma na musamman na wata ƙasa ta Latin Amurka.
A cikin Caribbean, kalmar a faɗo tana nufin dukan mutane, ko wane ajinsu ko zuriyarsu - Afirka, Gabashin Asiya, Turai, Indiya - waɗanda ke cikin al'adun Caribbean.[ cikin Trinidad, ana amfani da kalmar Creole don zayyana duk Trinidadians ban da waɗanda asalin Asiya. A cikin Faransanci Guiana kalmar tana nufin kowa, ba tare da la'akari da launin fata ba, wanda ya ɗauki hanyar rayuwa ta Turai, kuma a cikin Suriname maƙwabta, kalmar tana nufin zuriyar ƴan Afirka da aka bautar kawai 

## Tarihi
A shekara ta 1787, Birtaniya ta taimaka wa bayi 400 da aka 'yanta, musamman Ba'amurke 'yan Afirka da aka 'yantar a lokacin yakin juyin juya halin Amurka da aka kwashe zuwa London, da Afro-Caribbean da Afirka daga London, don ƙaura zuwa Saliyo don zama a cikin abin da suka kira "Lardin 'Yanci." Wasu daga cikin   wadanan mutanen na farko an 'yantar da su tun da farko kuma sun yi aiki a matsayin bayi a London. Yawancin rukuni na farko sun mutu saboda cututtuka da kuma yakin da aka yi da 'yan asalin. Kimanin 64 ne suka tsira don kafa Garin Granville na biyu bayan yunƙurin farko na mulkin mallaka tsakanin 1787 da 1789. Markey, Thomas L. (1982). "Afrikaans: Creole or Non-Creole?". Zeitschrift für Dialektologie und Linguistik. 49 (2): 169–207. JSTOR 40501733  
"Creoles of Africa"
A cikin 1792, Mazauna Nova Scotian 1200 daga Nova Scotia sun zauna kuma suka kafa Mulkin mallaka na Saliyo da zama na Freetown; wadannan ’yan Afirka ne da zuriyarsu. Yawancin manya sun bar masu Patriot kuma sun yi yaƙi da Burtaniya a cikin Yaƙin Juyin Juya Hali. Crown ya ba wa bayi 'yanci waɗanda suka bar shugabannin 'yan tawaye, kuma dubbai sun shiga layin Burtaniya. Birtaniyya ta sake tsugunar da 3,000 daga cikin Ba-Amurkan Afirka a Nova Scotia, inda da yawa suka sami yanayi mai tsauri kuma suka yi fama da wariya daga farar fata Nova Scotians. Fiye da 1,200 ne suka ba da kansu don daidaitawa da kafa sabon yankin Freetown, wanda ’yan Burtaniya suka kafa a karkashin Kamfanin Saliyo.
978-0-203-44029-2 

## Bakar Talakawa da Lardin 'Yanci 1787-1789
Babban labarin: Kwamitin Taimakawa Baƙaƙen Talakawa
Mazaunan farko da suka sami mulkin mallaka a Saliyo su ne waɗanda ake kira "Baƙaƙen Talakawa": Baƙin Amurkawa da Afro-Caribbean. Mazauna 411 sun isa a watan Mayun shekarar 1787. Wasu ’yan akidar Bakar fata ne wadanda ko dai an kwashe su ko kuma suka tafi Ingila don neman kasarsu; Masu aminci baƙar fata sun shiga sojojin Biritaniya a lokacin Yaƙin Juyin Juya Halin Amurka, da yawa akan alkawuran 'yanci daga bauta. 

A kan tafiya tsakanin Plymouth da Saliyo, fasinjoji 96 ne suka mutu. da haka, isa ya tsira don kafawa da gina mulkin mallaka. Mata farare saba'in ne suka raka mutanen zuwa Saliyo. Anna Falconbridge ta kwatanta wadannan fararen fata a matsayin karuwai daga gidan yarin Deptford, amma sun kasance mataye da budurwa na bakar fata. an san yankin nasu da sunan "Lardin 'Yanci" kuma ana kiran matsugunin su "Granville Town" bayan mai mulkin Ingila Granville Sharp. Birtaniya sun yi shawarwari kan filin don sasantawa tare da shugaban Temne na gida, King Tom.

Duk da haka, kafin jiragen ruwa su tashi daga Saliyo, mata farare 50 ne suka mutu, kuma kusan 250 suka rage daga cikin 440 na asali da suka bar Plymouth. Wasu mazauna 86 sun mutu a cikin watanni hudu na farko. Ko da yake da farko babu wata gaba tsakanin ƙungiyoyin biyu, amma bayan mutuwar sarki Tom sai sarkin Temne na gaba ya ramuwar gayya kan kona wani ɗan kasuwa da ya yi a ƙauyensa. Ya yi barazanar lalata garin Granville. Temne ya mamaye garin Granville kuma ya ɗauki wasu Baƙaƙen Talakawa cikin bauta, yayin da wasu suka zama yan kasuwa na bayi. A farkon 1791 Alexander Falconbridge ya dawo, don gano 64 kawai na mazaunan asali (maza 39 baƙar fata, mata baƙi 19, da mata farare shida). Mutanen 64 sun samu kulawa daga wani dan kasar Girka kuma dan mulkin mallaka mai suna Thomas Kallingree a Fourah.

## Maƙwabta ko 'Yancin Afirka na shekarar  1807 zuwa shekara ta 1830s
Babban labarin: Saliyo 'Yancin Afirka
Horton, James Oliver; Horton, Lois E (1998). In Hope of Liberty: Culture, Community, and Protest Among Northern Free Blacks, 1700–1860. Oxford University Press. p. 186. ISBN 0-19-512465-0. Retrieved 1 December 2012.
Misali na shekarar 1835 na ’yantattun bayi da suka isa Saliyo.
Babban rukuni na ƙarshe na baƙin haure zuwa mulkin mallaka shine ’yan Afirka masu ‘yanci ko kuma “Masu Kame. An gudanar da shi a kan jiragen ruwa don sayarwa a yammacin kogin, sojojin ruwa na Royal sun 'yantar da su, wanda, tare da Squadron na yammacin Afirka, ya tilasta soke cinikin bayi na duniya bayan 1808.
Leone". San José State University, Department of Economics. Retrieved 1 December

Kama jirgin bawa El Almirante da Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Burtaniya ta yi a cikin 1800s. HMS Black Joke ya 'yantar da bayi 466.
’Yan Afirka da aka ’yantar sun kasance kabilu dabam-dabam kuma sun kasance Akan, Aja, Ewe, Angola, Wolof, Hausa, Yarbawa, Igbo, Bambara, Nupe, da Fulani waɗanda aka bautar da su ba bisa ƙa’ida ba. 'Yan Afirkan da suka 'yantar kuma sun hada da Sherbro, Mende da Temne mutanen da aka bautar da su a yankunan da ke makwabtaka da Turawan mulkin mallaka na Saliyo.

’Yan Afirka da aka kwato, waɗanda kuma ake kira Recaptives, sun ba da gudummawa sosai ga al’adun Creole. Yayin da Mazaunawa, Maroons, da baƙi na Atlantika suka ba Creoles Kiristanci, wasu al'adunsu, da tasirinsu na Yamma, 'yan Afirka masu 'yanci sun gyara al'adarsu don ɗaukar na Nova Scotians da Turawa, duk da haka suna kiyaye wasu al'adun kabilanci.
Da farko gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta Biritaniya ta shiga tsakani don tabbatar da cewa 'yan kwato sun kafu a cikin al'ummar Freetown; sun yi aikin soja tare da Regiment na Yammacin Indiya, kuma an sanya su a matsayin masu koyo a gidajen Mazauna da Maroons. Wani lokaci idan iyayen yaro sun mutu, dangin Maroon ko Maroon za su karɓi recaptive. Ƙungiyoyin biyu suna gauraye da cuɗanya a cikin al’umma,

## Matsugunai
Kakannin Creoles sun kafa mulkin mallaka na Saliyo kuma suka kafa mazaunin Freetown a shekara ta 1792. Sun kafa tsarin akan abin da suka saba da shi - grid na wani gari mai mulkin mallaka na Arewacin Amirka. Iyalan sun fito ne daga Nova Scotia - Bukukuwa, Burdens, Chambers, Davis, Dixon, Georges ( zuriyar David Georges), Keelings, Leighs, Moores, Peters ( zuriyar Thomas Peters ko Stephen Peters), Prestons, Snowballs, Staffords, Turners, Willoughsby, Williams, da Kayayyakin gari sun zauna a cikin Garin - Settler. Garin yana kusa da Cline Town (sai Garin Granville). Kashi tamanin na Nova Scotians sun rayu a kan tituna biyar: Rawdon, Wilberforce, Howe, Gabas, da titin Charlotte.
"Jan. 15, 1817: The Vote on Colonization of Free Blacks in West Africa" 
Rukunin mazauna na gaba su ne Jamaican Maroons daga garin Cudjoe, waɗanda suka isa Freetown, ta Nova Scotia, a cikin shekara ta 1800. Manyan iyalai irin su Jarretts, Smiths, Hortons, Coles, Porters, Jones, da Morgans, sun zauna a Garin Maroon, Saliyo. Kashi saba'in na Maroons sun rayu a kan tituna biyar: Gloucester, George, Trelawney, Walpole, da titin Westmoreland. Mazaunan Maroon na Jamaican ya kasance yammacin garin Settler tsakanin titin Walpole da King Tom.
"Sierra Leone languages", Joshua Project

## Addini

St. George's Cathedral, Freetown

St. John's Maroon Church a Freetown
Sierra Leone: The Land, Its People and History
Alfarmar Zuciya Cathedral, Freetown
Creoles Kiristoci ne, ko na kan layi ko a aikace, sama da kashi 98 cikin ɗari. Yawancin mazaunan Nova Scotia da Caribbean Kiristoci ne. Yawancin mutanen Afirka da suka sami ‘yanci su ma sun koma Kiristanci.

Creoles sun taka rawa wajen kafa addinin Kiristanci na Pan-Afrika.[ Tsakanin shekara ta 1840 zuwa shekarar 1900, aƙalla shida daga cikin goma baƙar fata limaman Afirka a cikin Cocin Anglican a yammacin Afirka sun kasance Creole  A cikin shekarun 1820s, Saliyo ta riga ta sami kiristoci fiye da dukan Afirka masu zafi. An fara kafa cibiyoyin ilimi kamar Fourah Bay College da manufar horar da limaman Kirista da malamai, wadanda daga baya aka tura zuwa yammacin Afirka don yada addinin Kiristanci. 
Ƙungiyoyin Creole galibi Furotesta ne tare da majami'un Anglican da Methodist waɗanda ke da babban taron Creole. Duk da haka, ƙananan ƙungiyoyi irin su cocin Baptist da Countess na Huntingdon a wurare kamar Freetown, da Waterloo, Saliyo, suna da masu halarta na Creole, ko da yake waɗannan ƙananan adadin idan aka kwatanta da Creole Anglicans da Methodist.

Masu halartar cocin Creole suna taruwa a majami'un "Creole" na gargajiya a Freetown kamar St. George's Cathedral, Trinity Church, St John's Maroon Church, Ebenezer Methodist Church, Rawdon Street Methodist Church, da Zion Methodist Church, Wilberforce Street.

## Harshe
Babban labarin: harshen Krio
Harshen hukuma na Saliyo shine Ingilishi. Baya ga Ingilishi, Saliyon Creoles kuma suna magana da wani yare na musamman   mai suna sunan ƙabilarsu mai suna Creole ko Krio. Krio ya sami tasiri sosai daga Ingilishi na Biritaniya, Gullah, Baƙin Amurkan Vernacular Turanci, Jamaican Creole, Akan, Igbo da Yoruba.

Krio ana magana da shi a ko'ina cikin Freetown da garuruwan da ke kewaye, ta yadda masu jin Krio ba a ɗaukan su 'yan kabilar Creole ne.
Mutanen Creole sun zama ‘yan kasuwa da masu wa’azi na mishan a wasu sassa na Yammacin Afirka a ƙarni na 19.  ]  yana hada kan dukkan kabilu daban-daban, musamman wajen cinikayya da mu’amala da juna shine harshen farko na sadarwa tsakanin ƴan Saliyo da ke zaune a ƙasashen waje,  kuma ya yi tasiri sosai ga Turancin Saliyo.

Masu magana da 'yan asalin Krio na ƙabilar Creole sun kasance galibi a cikin al'ummomin Freetown, a kan Tsibirin Banana da Tsibirin York, da kuma cikin Bonthe.

## Manazarta