Alene S. Ammond

**Alene S. Ammond** (6 ga Afrilu, 1933 - 4 ga Yuni, 2019) ta kasance matar gida 'yar Amurka, mai fafutuka, kuma 'yar siyasa wacce ta wakilci sassan Camden County, New Jersey a Majalisar Dattawan New Jersey daga 1974 zuwa 1978. Ta zama sananne a matsayin mai fafutukar kare muradun jama'a da kuma bayyana gaskiya, wanda hakan ya sa aka yi mata lakabi da " **Ta'addancin Trenton** " da kuma adawa daga jam'iyyarta.  An kayar da ita a wani kalubalen fidda gwani na cikin jam'iyya a 1977.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Ammond a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 1933 a Jackson Heights, birnin New York . Ta halarci Kwalejin Pace da Kwalejin Hunter yayin da take neman aikin rawa .  Ta auri Harold J. Ammond a shekarar 1957 kuma ta daina jami'a domin fara iyali; suna da 'ya'ya mata biyu da ɗa ɗaya. 

## Aikin siyasa
A shekarar 1967, Ammond ya yi takarar kujera a Majalisar Garin Cherry Hill amma bai yi nasara ba.

### Ƙungiyar Cherry Hill
A watan Oktoban 1968, tare da roƙon iyalinta, Ammond ta haɗu da Rosemarie Hodspoor da wasu mutane goma sha ɗaya don kafa "Cherry Hill League," wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta "wadda ta sadaukar da kanta ga yaƙi da zauren birni, bincika batutuwan jama'a, da kuma gabatar da su ga gwamnati."  Ammond ta sami kwarin gwiwa ne sakamakon yunƙurinta na rashin nasara na mayar da ɗakin karatu na jama'a zuwa wani wuri mafi girma a wani yanki mafi kyau na garin. Ammond da Hodspoor sun yi rijista a matsayin "masu fafutukar kare muradun jama'a na farko a jihar." A cikin wannan rawar da aka ƙirƙira, sun nemi matsa wa 'yan majalisa a Trenton lamba ta hanyar kamfen ɗin bayanai na jama'a ta hanyar jaridu da talabijin. A matakin gida, sun yi aiki don rage cunkoson ababen hawa, kawo ƙarshen yajin aikin tsafta, soke buƙatun zama ga jami'an 'yan sanda, da kuma yin kamfen don sake fasalin ɗabi'a.  Kamar sauran ƙungiyoyin masu fafutuka na yankunan karkara na wancan lokacin, babban abin da ƙungiyar Cherry Hill League ta fi mayar da hankali a kai shi ne gyaran harajin kadarori bayan ƙaruwar kashi 114 cikin ɗari a farashin daga 1969 zuwa 1970. Bayan wani furuci da magajin gari ya yi cewa "mutanen da ba sa biyan kuɗi" su ne ke da alhakin hauhawar farashin, ƙungiyar Cherry Hill League ta mayar da hankali kan mutane da kamfanoni masu laifin biyan haraji. Cikin mako guda da Ammnd ta buga jerin irin waɗannan kamfanoni, an biya kashi biyu cikin uku na asusun da ba a biya ba a Cherry Hill gaba ɗaya.  

Tun daga farko, Ammond ta sami turjiya daga shugabannin siyasa na gida, musamman ƙungiyar Jam'iyyar Democrat ta Camden County, inda shugabannin suka gaya mata cewa "ba a yi mata shi don siyasa ba."  A cewar Ammond, ita da Hodspoor sun sami tayoyi da aka yanke, kiran waya marasa kyau, da kuma ziyara daga maza masu tsoratarwa a gidajensu. Waɗannan batutuwan sun ragu bayan da Ammond ta shaida wa Majalisar Dattawan Amurka a watan Mayun 1972 kan "rashin daidaito, rashin daidaito, kuma sau da yawa rashin adalci na gudanar da harajin kadarori," wanda hakan ya ba ta damar samun kariyar jami'an tsaro na tarayya idan aka buƙata.  An tattara shaidar Ammond kan harajin kadarori na New Jersey tare da taimakon Ƙungiyar Binciken Gyaran Haraji, wata ƙungiyar tunani da Ralph Nader ta kafa. 

### Majalisar Dattawan New Jersey
A shekarar 1973, shugabar jam'iyyar Democrat ta Camden County ta amince da Ammond don tsayawa takarar Sanata a Majalisar Dattawa ta New Jersey a sabuwar gundumar majalisa ta 6. Ta kayar da John Jehr a zaben fidda gwani da kuri'u kusan 500 daga cikin kuri'u sama da 8,000 da aka kada.  A babban zaben, ta kayar da John L. Miller na jam'iyyar Republican da kashi 53 cikin 100 na kuri'un, sakamakon karfin martanin da aka mayar kan badakalar Watergate da kuma sunanta na adawa da cin hanci da rashawa.  

A matsayinta na Sanata, Ammond ta yi magana a kan siyasa mai adawa da na'urar kwamfuta. Misali, ta yi amfani da ladabin sanata don hana nadin sabon mai gabatar da kara na gundumar Camden kuma ta yi karo da shugaban majalisar dattawa Frank J. Dodd .  A watan Janairun 1975, an kore ta daga jam'iyyar Democrat saboda raba tattaunawar jam'iyyar da kuma tuhumar 'yan majalisa a bainar jama'a da yin abin da ya dace .  Ta kai kara a kotun tarayya, inda Alkali Mitchell Harry Cohen ya yanke hukuncin cewa korar ta ta keta 'yancinta na Kwaskwarima ta Farko kuma ta ba da umarnin sake shigar da ita cikin majalisar, abin da ya fusata abokan aikinta.  Wani sanata ya gaya mata a bainar jama'a, "Ba ki cikin tawagar," kuma ta amsa, "Ba ni da niyyar zama cikin tawagarki, Sanata. Ban son abin da take nufi. Bugu da ƙari, ina da wata ƙungiya a waje." 

A lokacin da take Majalisar Dattawa, ta rubuta wani shafi a Mujallar Family Circle bisa ga gogewarta a baya a fannin fafutukar kare muradun jama'a.

A shekarar 1977, tsohon kansilan Cherry Hill, Victor Pachter, ya sha kaye a zaɓen fidda gwani na jam'iyyar Democrat, wanda ya samu goyon bayan 'yan jam'iyyar. Pachter ya sha kaye a zaɓen gama gari ga Lee Laskin .

### Yaƙin neman zaɓe na gaba
A shekarar 1980, ta tsaya takarar zaɓen fidda gwani na jam'iyyar Democrat a gundumar majalisa ta 6 da ke New Jersey, amma ta tsaya a matsayi na ƙarshe cikin 'yan takara uku.

A shekarar 1993, Ammond ta tsaya takarar Gwamna a jam'iyya ta uku a karkashin taken "Ga Jama'a."  Ta sanya 'yan takara takwas cikin 19, inda ta sami kashi 0.13 cikin 100 na kuri'un. 

A shekara ta 2002, ta tsaya takarar zama 'yar takarar jam'iyyar Republican a matsayin magajin garin Cherry Hill amma Bernie Platt ya kayar da ita. 

## Daga baya rayuwa da mutuwa
Daga baya Ammond ta koma Voorhees Township, New Jersey . Ta mutu a ranar 4 ga Yuni, 2019, a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Vermont sakamakon matsalolin ciwon huhu. 

## Nassoshi