Trude Dothan

**Trude Dothan** (Ibraniyawa:淡ודה דותן; 12 ga Oktoba 1922 - 28 ga Janairu 2016) ya kasance farfesa a fannin ilimin kimiyyar tarihi a Jami'ar Ibrananci, wanda ya mai da hankali kan Late Bronze da Iron Ages a yankin, musamman a al'adun Filistiyawa. Ya lashe Kyautar Isra'ila a Binciken Archaeology na shekara ta 1998.

## Tarihin rayuwa
Trude Krakauer (daga baya Dothan), an haife ta ne a Vienna, 'yar Grete Wolf Krakauer' (née Wolf, 1890-1970), mai zane, da Leopold Krakuer, masanin gine-gine da mai zane  wanda ya tsara gine-gine masu yawa na Bauhaus don "birni na lambu" na Urushalima na Rehavia. A shekara ta 1924 ta yi hijira tare da iyayenta zuwa Isra'ila, a lokacin Mandatory Palestine, kuma ta ƙaura a Urushalima, inda suka shiga cikin al'ummar masu ilimi da masu zane-zane, da yawa daga cikinsu masu magana da Jamusanci. Ta halarci Rehavia Gymnasium don karatun sakandare, sannan ta yi karatun ilimin kimiyyar tarihi a Jami'ar Ibrananci a Dutsen Scopus . Binciken ta na farko ya kasance a Tel Beit Yarah (Khirbet Karak). Bayan ta yi aiki a cikin IDF a lokacin Yakin Independence, ta kammala karatun MA a 1950 a kan tukwane a Tel Beit Yerah, wanda ta yi a karkashin jagorancin Elazar Lipa Soknik . Wani binciken da ta shiga a wannan lokacin ya kasance a Tell Qasile, inda ta fara saduwa da al'adun Filistiyawa Damuwa da Filistiyawa da alakarsu da mutanen dā sun bi ta yayin aikinta na ilimi. 

Dotan ta ci gaba da karatunta kuma ta yi karatu a Cibiyar Gabas ta Gabas ta Jami'ar Chicago da Cibiyar Archaeological a Jami'ar London, inda ta sadu da Farfesa Kathleen Kenyon wanda ya rinjayi ta. Ta sami digiri na biyu daga Jami'ar Ibrananci a 1961. Taken rubutun digiri shine: "Falasdinawa da yumbu na Masar a cikin ƙasar Isra'ila a lokacin Farko na Iron Age" (lokacin da ya dace da lokacin Littafi Mai-Tsarki, lokacin sulhu), kuma an yi shi ne a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Farfesa Benjamin Mazar. Dotan ta shiga ma'aikatan Cibiyar Archaeological ta Jami'ar Ibrananci a 1962, inda ta yi aiki har sai da ta yi ritaya a shekarar 1992. A shekara ta 1974 an nada ta cikakken farfesa. A shekara ta 1977 an nada ta shugabar Lauterman na ilimin kimiyyar Filistiya, tsakanin 1977-1982 ta jagoranci Cibiyar Berman ta ilimin kimiyyyar Littafi Mai-Tsarki, kuma a shekarar 1985 an nada ta shugaban Elazar Lipa Soknik. Ta yi aiki a matsayin malamin baƙo kuma a kan sabbaticals a Cibiyar Nazarin Ci gaba a Princeton, Jami'ar New York, Jami'an Harvard, Jami'a Columbia da Jami'ar Brown . 

Abubuwan da ta yi a Tel Hazor (a cikin 1952 da tsakanin shekarun 1955-1960) tare da Yigal Yedin da kuma Ein Gedi tare da Benjamin Mazar a cikin 1961-1962. Tsakanin shekarun 1971-1972 ta tono tare da Amnon Ben-Tor a Athienou, Cyprus . Tsakanin shekarun 1971-1982, ta tono a Deir al-Balah, inda aka gano babban sansanin Kan'aniya-Masar da adadi mai yawa na akwatunan gawa masu kama da mutum (anthropoid). A cikin shekarun 1981 zuwa 1996, tare da Seymour Gitin, ta tono Tel Makna (Ekron), wanda aka gano a matsayin birni mai masana'antu da tsarawa daga al'adun Filistiyawa. 

A shekara ta 1991, ta lashe lambar yabo ta Parshia Shimel saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga ilimin kimiyyar ƙasar Isra'ila, [1] daga Gidan Tarihin Isra'ila . A shekara ta 1998, an ba Dothan lambar yabo ta Isra'ila a fannin ilimin kimiyyar tarihi . Tun daga shekara ta 1999, an gudanar da jerin laccoci na shekara-shekara mai suna Truda Dotan a karkashin jagorancin Cibiyar Nazarin Archaeology ta Albright da kuma hadin gwiwa tsakanin Jami'ar Ibrananci da Jami'ar Al-Quds. A shekara ta 2003 an ba ta digiri na girmamawa daga Kwalejin Ibrananci. Tarin littattafansa na sirri yanzu yana cikin Lanier Theological Library, Houston, Texas.

A shekara ta 1951 ta auri Moshe Dothan (1919-1999), wani ɗan'uwan masanin ilimin kimiyyar tarihi wanda ta raba sha'awar ilimin kimiyyyar Littafi Mai-Tsarki musamman al'adun Filistiya. Suna da 'ya'ya biyu tare, daya daga cikinsu Dan ya kasance mai ba da murya ga dutsen Isra'ila da sabon ƙungiyar HaClique .  Ta mutu a ranar 28 ga watan Janairun 2016, tana da shekaru 93.

## Manazarta