Dokar 'Yancin Jama'a ta 1988

Dokar 'Yancin Jama'a ta 1988 (Pub. L. 100-383, take I, Agusta 10, 1988, 102 Stat. 904, 50a U.S.C. § 1989b et seq.) wata dokar tarayya ce ta Amurka wacce ta ba da diyya ga Ba'amurke Ba'amurke da gwamnatin Amurka ta yi kuskure a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II. faruwar irin wannan rashin adalci da take hakkin jama'a nan gaba". Dan majalisar dokokin jihar California kuma tsohon ma'aikaci Norman Mineta a majalisar dattijai na Hawaii Spark Matsunaga ne ya dauki nauyin wannan aiki. kudirin ya samu goyon bayan mafi rinjayen ‘yan jam’iyyar Democrat a Majalisar, yayin da mafi yawan ‘yan Republican suka kada kuri’ar kin amincewa da shi. Shugaba Ronald Reagan ne ya sanya hannu kan dokar.

Dokar ta bai wa kowane mai rai da rai dala $20,000 a matsayin diyya, daidai da dala 44,000 a 2023,  tare da biyan kuɗi tun daga 1990. Dokar ta bayyana cewa ayyukan gwamnati sun dogara ne akan "ƙananan launin fata, yanayin yaƙi, da gazawar jagoranci na siyasa" sabanin ingantattun dalilan tsaro Kimanin mutane 82,219 ne suka sami rajistan gyara.,

Domin dokar ta keɓance ga ƴan ƙasar Amurka da mazaunan dindindin na doka, ƙabilar Jafananci waɗanda aka ɗauke su daga gidajensu a Latin Amurka (mafi yawa daga Peru) ba a ba su diyya ba, ko da sun kasance a Amurka, sun koma Latin Amurka ko kuma an kore su zuwa Japan bayan yaƙin. A cikin 1996, Carmen Mochizuki ya shigar da ƙarar matakin aji kuma ya sami sasantawa na kusan $5,000 ga kowane wanda ya cancanta. Daga cikin wadanda abin ya shafa, 145 sun samu sasantawa kafin kudaden sun kare. A cikin 1999, an amince da kudade don Babban Lauyan Gwamnati ya biya diyya ga sauran masu da'awar

## Fage
Ƙungiyar Amirkawa ta Japan
Babban labarin: Ƙaddamar da Ba'amurke na Japan
Haɗin gwiwar Baƙin Amurkawa na Jafananci shine tilastawa cirewa da tsare kusan 120,000 Ba'amurke Jafananci (62% daga cikinsu ƴan ƙasar Amurka ne)   daa gabar Yammacin Amurka a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II. Wasu Ba’amurke Ba’amurke 5,500 da FBI ta kama nan da nan bayan harin da aka kai a Pearl Harbor an aika kai tsaye zuwa sansanonin horar da ma’aikatar shari’a,  kuma kusan 5,000 sun sami damar “da son rai” su ƙaura zuwa wasu sassan ƙasar kafin a fara tilasatawa. sauran - sama da maza, mata da yara 110,000 - an tura su zuwa "cibiyoyin ƙaura", da aka yi gaggawar gina sansanonin a cikin ɓangarorin cikin gida na ƙasar da Hukumar Kula da Matsugunan Yaki (WRA) ke gudanarwa.

Shugaba Franklin D. Roosevelt ya ba da izinin shiga aikin tare da Dokar Zartaswa mai lamba 9066, wacce ta ba wa kwamandojin sojan gida damar zayyana "yankunan soji" daga inda "kowa ko kowane mutum za a iya cire." An yi amfani da wannan ikon don bayyana cewa an cire duk mutanen kakannin Jafananci daga yankin tekun Pacific na nahiyar, ciki har da dukan Alaska da California, da sassan Oregon, Washington, da Arizona, sai dai waɗanda ke hannun gwamnati. cikin 1944, Kotun Koli ta amince da tsarin mulki na keɓancewa, cirewa, da tsarewa, tana mai cewa ya halatta a tauye haƙƙin farar hula na ƙungiyar launin fata idan akwai "lalacewar jama'a."

## Gyara da ramawa
Babban labarin: Gyaran Amurkawa na Jafananci da shari'o'in kotu
An biya wasu diyya na asarar dukiya a cikin 1948, amma yawancin masu shiga tsakani ba su iya dawo da asarar da suka yi gaba ɗaya ba. A cikin 1960s da 1970s, wani sabon motsi ya kafa a cikin al'ummar Amurkawa ta Japan don samun gyara ga zaman kurkukun lokacin yaƙi. Ƙungiyar Jama'ar Amirka ta Jafananci ta gabatar da wani kuduri don neman ramuwa na mutum ɗaya a taronta na 1970 kuma ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya fara aiki tare da masu fafutuka da shugabannin siyasa don yin ra'ayi don aiwatar da doka. A cikin 1979, Majalisar Kasa  

## Goyon bayan majalisa da adawa
A ranar 17 ga Satumba, 1987, Majalisar Wakilan Amurka ta zartar da kudirin (wanda a alamance ya raba lambarsa tare da na 442nd Infantry Regiment) ta kuri'un 243 zuwa 141, tare da mambobi 38 ba su kada kuri'a ba. Mafi yawan 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat a majalisar sun kada kuri'ar amincewa da kudirin (180 sun goyi baya da 43 suka nuna adawa) yayin da mafi yawan 'yan Republican suka kada kuri'ar adawa da shi (63 sun amince da 98). A ranar 20 ga Afrilu, 1988, Majalisar Dattijan Amurka ta zartar da kudirin ta hanyar kuri'a 69 zuwa 27, tare da mambobi 4 ba su kada kuri'a ba. Yawancin 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat sun kada kuri'a don lissafin (44 sun amince da 7 sun nuna adawa), yayin da mafi yawan 'yan majalisar dattijai na Republican suma suka kada kuri'a don lissafin (25 na goyon baya vs. 20 adawa).

## Manazarta