Cinikin mutane a Lebanon

Lebanon ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar TIP ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 2000 a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2005. 

A shekara ta 2008, Lebanon ta kasance makoma ga matan Asiya da Afirka da aka yi fataucin su don manufar bautar gida. An yi fataucin yara na Lebanon a cikin ƙasar don manufar cin zarafin jima'i na kasuwanci da aikin tilas a cikin ayyukan ƙarfe, gine-gine, da bangarorin noma. Mata daga Sri Lanka, Philippines, da Habasha sun yi ƙaura zuwa Lebanon bisa doka, amma sau da yawa sun sami kansu a cikin yanayin aiki na tilas, ta hanyar hana fasfo ba bisa ka'ida ba, rashin biyan albashi, ƙuntatawa kan motsi, barazanar, da cin zarafin jiki ko jima'i. A lokacin rikicin makamai a watan Yulin 2006, Ma'aikatan cikin gida na Sri Lanka sun ba da rahoton cewa ma'aikatansu sun hana su barin kasar. Matan Sri Lanka da Afirka sun zo Lebanon a kan biza "artiste", amma wasu sun zama wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane don cin zarafin jima'i na kasuwanci lokacin da aka sanya su cikin ayyukan tilastawa kamar hana fasfo ba bisa ka'ida ba, ƙuntatawa kan motsi, barazana, da kuma kai farmaki.

A shekara ta 2008 Gwamnatin Lebanon ba ta cika cikakkun ka'idoji don kawar da fataucin mutane ba; duk da haka, ta yi kokari sosai don yin hakan. Kodayake ta ba da rahoton gurfanar da mutane 17 a cikin shekara ta 2007, gwamnati ta kasa yanke hukunci ko hukunta kowa da laifin aikata laifuka na fataucin mutane, duk da isasshen shaidar yanayin tilasta aiki. Bugu da kari, gwamnati ta ci gaba da rasa ayyukan kariya ga wadanda aka azabtar ko tsarin tsari don tabbatar da cewa ba a hukunta wadanda aka azabta ba.

A cikin 2017, Sojojin Tsaro na Cikin Gida (ISF)  sun bayyana cewa an gano wadanda ke fama da fataucin jima'i 29, amma Kungiyar Shige da Fice ta Duniya (IOM), Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 'Yan Gudun Hijira (UNHCR)  da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu sun kiyasta yawan wadanda abin ya shafa sun kasance cikin dubban.

Ofishin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka don Kulawa da Yaki da Cin Hanci da Kasuwanci a cikin Mutane ya sanya kasar a cikin "Tier 2" a cikin 2017.

A cikin 2019, Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta ci gaba da rarraba ƙas a matsayin Tier 2 saboda mafi ƙarancin ƙa'idodi don kawar da fataucin mutane ba a cika su ba. Koyaya, an fahimci cewa gwamnati tana yin kokari sosai don cimma wannan. Misali, an karfafa haɗin gwiwar ta da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu (kamar Caritas)  kuma an kara bincike kan wadanda ake zargi da fataucin mutane.

A cikin 2023, an sanya ƙasar a cikin Tier 2 Watch List .  A cikin wannan shekarar, Ƙididdigar Laifuka ta Ƙungiya ta lura da haɗin gwiwar ƙasar tare da hukumomin duniya don yaki da fataucin mutane da safarar mutane.

## Shari'a (2008)
Lebanon ba ta yi kokari sosai don gurfanar da ko hukunta laifukan fataucin mutane ba a lokacin rahoton. Lebanon ta haramta karuwanci ta hanyar Mataki na 524 na dokar azabtarwa; hukuncin da aka tsara a karkashin wannan doka shine ɗaurin kurkuku na akalla shekara guda. Bugu da kari, cin zarafin jima'i na kasuwanci na mutum a karkashin shekaru 21 an haramta shi ta hanyar Mataki na 523 na dokar hukunci; hukuncin da aka tsara don keta doka shine ɗaurin wata daya zuwa shekara guda. Dokar Shari'a ta Lebanon ba ta haramta aikin tilas ba, amma haramtacciyar Mataki na 569 game da hana 'yancin mutum yin aiki ana iya amfani da ita don gurfanar da aikin tilas; hukuncin da aka tsara a ƙarƙashin wannan doka aiki ne na wucin gadi. Hukunce-hukuncen da aka tsara don ayyukan fataucin jima'i ba su dace da waɗanda ke da wasu manyan laifuka ba, kamar fyade, kuma hukuncin da aka tsara ga karuwanci na yara da aikin tilas ba su da isasshen ƙarfi. Saboda matsalolin siyasa, a lokacin bayar da rahoto, ba za a iya zartar da doka a Lebanon ba, game da fataucin mutane ko kuma in ba haka ba. Ba a kare ma'aikatan gida a karkashin tanadin dokar aiki ta Lebanon. Duk da kasancewar waɗannan dokoki da dokoki game da cin zarafin jiki da na jima'i, gwamnati ba ta ba da rahoton hukunta masu laifi ba, yanke hukunci, ko azabtarwa ga laifukan fataucin mutane; wannan yana wakiltar raguwa mai mahimmanci daga tuhume-tuhume 17 da aka ruwaito a shekarar da ta gabata. Kodayake 'yan sanda sun kama wani ma'aikaci saboda yunkurin kashe ma'aikacin gidansa ta hanyar doke ta sosai da guduma a bayanta, kafadu, da hannayenta, daga baya aka sake shi ba tare da hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku ba don musayar ma'aikaciyar $ 6,500; ana binciken shari'ar. A karkashin dokokin gudanarwa, gwamnati ta dakatar da lasisi na hukumomin daukar ma'aikata 11 kuma ta rufe biyu saboda, a tsakanin sauran keta doka, cin zarafin ma'aikata; duk da haka, babu wani wakili na daukar ma'aikaci da aka gurfanar da shi ko kuma aka hukunta shi saboda cin zarafin. Bugu da ƙari, duk da rahotanni da yawa game da hana fasfo - mai yiwuwa mai nuna alamar tilasta aiki - gwamnati ba ta bayar da rahoton aiwatar da dokoki game da wannan aikin ba. Lebanon kuma ba ta ba da rahoton wani tuhuma ba, hukunci, ko azabtarwa don tilasta aiki ko cin zarafin yara. Duk da karbar rahotanni 31 na cin zarafin jiki, fyade, da kuma hana albashi tsakanin ma'aikatan kulob din manya, an warware waɗannan shari'o'in a waje da kotu, kuma ba su haifar da tuhuma ko hukunci don laifukan fataucin mutane ba.

## Karewa (2008)
Gwamnatin Lebanon ba ta yi isasshen ƙoƙari don kare wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane ba a lokacin rahoton. Kodayake jami'an gwamnati sun sami horo kan dabarun hira da aka yi wa wanda UNODC da kungiyar ba da agaji ta Caritas Lebanon suka biya, gwamnati ba ta da wata hanya ta musamman don gano wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane tsakanin masu rauni, kamar baƙi da aka kama saboda cin zarafin shige da fice ko karuwanci. A sakamakon haka, wadanda aka yi wa fataucin mutane suna iya hukunta su saboda ayyukan da aka aikata sakamakon fataucin su, kamar yadda ma'aikatan kasashen waje ba tare da izinin zama da izinin aiki ba za a kama su, tsare su, da kuma korar su. Dangane da ka'idojin gwamnati, ya kasance sananne ga ma'aikata su tilasta ma'aikacin cikin gida wanda ya karya kwangilarta ya biya kuɗin zama da izinin aiki, ko biyan takarda da ke sakin ta daga kwangilar ta; babu wani bambanci ga ma'aikatan da suka karya kwangierinsu saboda cin zarafin ma'aikatansu. Ba a ƙarfafa wadanda abin ya shafa su shiga cikin gwaji ba, kuma ba a ba da wasu hanyoyin shari'a don fitar da su zuwa ƙasashe inda za su fuskanci wahala ko fansa. Maimakon haka, ana fitar da wadanda abin ya shafa zuwa gida kafin a ba su damar yin shaida a kan masu fataucin su. Lebanon ba ta ba da sabis na kariya ga wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane; gwamnati, duk da haka, ta tura wadanda ke fama le fataucin mutum tara zuwa mafaka ga kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama a lokacin bayar da rahoto.

## Rigakafi (2008)
Lebanon ta yi ƙoƙari kaɗan don hana fataucin mutane. Gwamnati ta yi haɗin gwiwa tare da wata kungiya mai zaman kanta don samar da kamfen ɗin wayar da kan jama'a game da haƙƙin ma'aikatan ƙaura. A watan Agusta, Sûreté Janar da Ma'aikatar Ayyuka sun hadu da hukumomin daukar ma'aikata don gargadi su game da fataucin ma'aikata. Gwamnati ba ta dauki wani mataki don rage bukatar ayyukan jima'i na kasuwanci a Lebanon ba. Gwamnati ba ta kafa kamfen ɗin wayar da kan jama'a ba wanda ke da niyya ga 'yan ƙasa da ke tafiya zuwa sanannun wuraren Yawon shakatawa na jima'i na yara.

## Manazarta