Batutuwan muhalli a Nauru

Nauru karamin tsibiri ne na dutsen phosphate wanda ke cikin Tekun Kudancin Pacific a kudancin Marshall Islands a Oceania . Yana da kawai kilomita 53 (33  kudu da Equator a daidaitawa 0°32′S 166°55′E / 0.533°S 166.917°E / -0.533; 166.917. Nauru na ɗaya daga cikin manyan tsibirai uku na dutsen phosphate a cikin Tekun Pacific - sauran su ne Banaba (Ocean Island) a Kiribati da Makatea a cikin Polynesia ta Faransa .

Yankin ƙasarsa  ne  , kuma tana da  . Da'awar Maritime yanki ne na Musamman na Tattalin Arziki na    mai nisan mil 200-nautical-mil (370&nbsp;km), da kuma 12-nautical-mil (22&nbsp;km) tekun yanki.

yanayi yanayi ne na wurare masu zafi tare da lokacin ruwan sama daga Nuwamba zuwa Fabrairu.

Wani rairayin bakin teku mai yashi ya tashi zuwa zobe mai kyau a kusa da coral reefs. Yankin da aka ɗaga na phosphate ('Topside') yana ɗaukar ɓangaren tsakiya na tsibirin. Matsayi mafi girma shine 213 ft (65 m) sama da matakin teku, tare da gefen tudu.&nbsp;

Abubuwan da ke da muhimmanci a tattalin arziki na Nauru sune phosphate, waɗanda aka kafa daga ajiyar guano ta tsuntsayen teku, da kamun kifi,  musamman ga tuna. 

Saboda kewaye da murjani da rairayin bakin teku, tsibirin ba shi da tashar jiragen ruwa, ko koguna ko tabkuna masu yawa.

Nauru tana da Tsarin kewayawa na musamman, wanda kawai za'a iya amfani dashi a tsibirin.

## Geology na Nauru

Na wani tsibiri ne mai tasowa wanda aka sanya a cikin Nauru Basin na Tekun Pacific, a wani ɓangare na Pacific Plate wanda aka kafa a tsakiyar teku a 132 Ma. Daga tsakiyar Eocene (35mya) zuwa zamanin Oligocene, dutsen mai fitattun wuta wanda aka gina a kan hotspot kuma ya kafa dutsen teku wanda ya ƙunshi basalt. Dutsen teku yana da tsayi sama da mita 4300. Wannan hotspot ya kasance a lokaci guda tare da babban sake tsara Pacific Plate. Dutsen mai fitattun wuta ya rushe zuwa matakin teku kuma wani murjani ya girma a saman zuwa kauri na kimanin mita 500. Coral kusa da farfajiyar an tsara shi daga 5 Mya zuwa 0.3 Mya. An yi amfani da dutse mai laushi na asali ta hanyar Magnesium daga ruwan teku. An ɗaga murjani sama da matakin teku kimanin mita 30 kuma yanzu ya zama dutse mai laushi wanda aka rushe shi a cikin salon karst na gargajiya a cikin pinnacles har zuwa mita 20 a tsawo. Aƙalla zurfin mita 55 a ƙasa da matakin teku, an narkar da dutse mai laushi wanda ya samar da ramuka, sinkholes, da koguna. Ramin da ke saman tsibirin an cika shi da wani nau'in phosphate har zuwa mita da yawa.

Anibare Bay an kafa ta ne ta hanyar rushewar ruwa a gefen gabas na dutsen mai fitattun wuta. Buada Lagoon an kafa shi ne ta hanyar warware dutse lokacin da matakin teku ya kasance ƙasa, sannan ya rushe.

Ana iya samun ruwa mai laushi a cikin tafkin Buada, da kuma wasu tafkunan da ke da ruwan gishiri a tushe a Ijuw da Anabar a arewa maso gabas. Akwai tafkin karkashin kasa a cikin Moqua Cave a kudu maso gabashin tsibirin. Tun da babu rafi ko koguna a kan Nauru, dole ne a tattara ruwa daga tsarin rufin rufin. Ana kuma kawo ruwa zuwa Nauru a matsayin ballast a kan jiragen ruwa da ke dawowa don nauyin phosphate.

## Batutuwan muhalli

* Rashin ruwa na lokaci-lokaci, iyakance albarkatun ruwa mai laushi na halitta (tankunan ajiyar rufin suna tattara ruwan sama, amma galibi suna dogara da tsufa mai tsufa) 
* Yanayin ƙasa mai tsanani ya haifar da babban alkalinity, matakan phosphate, da ƙananan potassium. Iron, Manganese, jan Karfe, molybdenum, da zinc an sanya su ba su samuwa ga shuke-shuke ba. Haɗe tare da ƙasa mai laushi ko lalacewa wannan yana haifar da ƙarancin haihuwa.
* Babban hakar ma'adinai na phosphate a cikin shekaru 90 da suka gabata ya bar tsakiyar 80% na Nauru a cikin hamada kuma yana barazanar iyakantaccen albarkatun ƙasa.

Nauru ƙungiya ce ga yarjejeniyar muhalli ta duniya game da bambancin halittu, Canjin yanayi, hamada, dokar teku da zubar da ruwa.

## Yanayi

Nauru's climate is hot and very humid year-round because of its proximity to the equator and the ocean. Nauru is hit by monsoon rains between November and February, but rarely has cyclones. Annual rainfall is highly variable and is influenced by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, with several significant recorded droughts. The temperature on Nauru ranges between  during the day and is quite stable at around  at night.

## Manazarta