Tawayen Bambatha

**Tawayen Bambatha** (ko **Tawayen Zulu**) na shekarar 1906 Bambatha kaMancinza (c. 1860-1906?), shugaban ƙabilar Zondi na ƙabilar Zulu, wanda ya rayu a cikin kwarin Mpanza (yanzu gundumomi kusa da Greytown, KwaZulu-Natal) a kan mulkin mallaka na mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya da kuma haraji a cikin Turawan mulkin mallaka na Nases daban-daban.

Ya ga kusan 3000-4000 Zulus da Burtaniya suka kashe, kuma ya yaɗa tunanin a tsakanin masu mulkin mallaka cewa haɗewar mulkin mallaka ya zama dole don kiyaye fifikon farar fata. Daga baya aka kafa Ƙungiyar Afirka ta Kudu a cikin shekarar 1910.

## Dubawa

A cikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan Yaƙin Anglo-Boer, ma'aikatan Biritaniya a Natal sun sha wahala wajen ɗaukar manoma Baƙar fata saboda ƙarin gasa daga ma'adinan zinare na Witwatersrand. Hukumomin mulkin mallaka sun gabatar da harajin zaɓe  £1 (equivalent to £140 a 2023) ban da harajin bukka da ake yi don matsawa mazan Zulu shiga kasuwar aiki.  Harajin ya kasance mai koma baya sosai, kuma bai dace ba ya shafi matalauta gidaje. Hakan ya ƙara taɓarɓarewar da ‘yan Afirka da ke fama da matsalar tattalin arziki mai faɗi, yayin da Turawa suka kori ‘yan haya na Afirka don yin aikin gona da kansu (wanda hakan ya haifar da cunkoso a kan ƙananan filayen da aka keɓe domin yawancin Afirka), da kuma bala’o’i daban-daban, kamar annobar 1896-7 wadda ta kashe kashi 90% na shanu. 

Bayan da gwamnati ta saki Sarkin Zulu Dinizulu a shekara ta 1898, an yi ta yaɗa jita-jita a tsakanin 'yan Afirka cewa yana shirin yin tawaye don maido da mulkin Afirka tare da korar turawan zama. Sanya harajin zaɓe ya zama sanadin haɗa kan samari. Yayin da wasu sarakuna da dattijai suka yi ƙoƙarin yin watsi da tawayen, da yawa sun goyi bayansa. 

Kashi na farko ya ga zanga-zanga a tashoshin harajin jefa kuri'a, wanda ya kai ga mutuwar 'yan sanda biyu a ranar 8 ga watan Fabrairun 1906, da kuma kafa dokar faɗa. 

Cif Bambatha ya sha samun matsala a wasu lokuta da gwamnatin mulkin mallaka na Natal, kuma hukumomi suna zargin cewa ya haɗa kai da wasu sarakuna wajen nuna rashin gamsuwa da harajin. An kira shi zuwa Greytown, amma, saboda tsoron kama shi, bai halarta ba. Ya fahimci cewa gwamnatin na da niyyar murkushe ‘yan adawa, ya gudu zuwa Zululand domin tuntuɓar Sarki Dinizulu.  Bambatha ya koma kwarin Mpanza don gano cewa gwamnatin Natal ta sauke shi a matsayin shugaba.  Ya tara ‘yan tsirarun magoya bayansa, kuma daga ranar 3 ga watan Afrilu ya fara kaddamar da hare-haren ‘yan daba, inda ya yi amfani da dajin Nkandla a matsayin sansani. 

A ranar 10 ga watan Yuni, sojojin Birtaniya sun yi nasarar fuskantar da 'yan tawayen a Mome Gorge. Sa’ad da rana ta fito, sojojin ’yan mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya suka buɗe wuta da bindigu, kan ’yan tawayen da aka sanye da su galibi assegais (masu), ƙwanƙwasa (sandunan yaƙi) da garkuwar shanu.  An bayyana cewa dakarun gwamnatin Natal ne suka kashe Bambatha, sai dai magoya bayansa sun yi saɓani da wannan ikirarin, inda suka yi imanin cewa ya gudu zuwa Mozambique. 

Cif Meseni ya ci gaba da tayar da jijiyar wuya a ƙaramar kwarin Thula daga ranar 13 ga watan Yuni zuwa 11 ga watan Yuli. Sashe na ƙarshe ya ga Birtaniyya ba tare da nuna bambanci ba ta kawar da duk wani juriya da aka gani a cikin sauran 1906, kuma shine mafi zubar da jini har zuwa yanzu. 

An kashe Zulu tsakanin 3,000 zuwa 4,000. An ɗaure fiye da 7,000 a kurkuku, kuma an yi wa 4,000 bulala. Yakin ya kashe gwamnatin Natal £883,576  ( equivalent to £120,000,000 a 2023 ). Tawayen ya kara yaɗa ra'ayi tsakanin 'yan mulkin mallaka cewa haɗewar 'yan mulkin mallaka ya zama dole don ci gaba da mulkin farar fata. Daga baya aka kafa Ƙungiyar Afirka ta Kudu a cikin shekarar 1910. 

### Matsayin Mahatma Gandhi

Lauyan Indiya Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, wanda yake a Afirka ta Kudu a lokacin, ya ji cewa Indiyawan da ke Afirka ta Kudu za su yi iyakacin kokarinsu don yin hidima ga Daular Burtaniya a matsayin rundunonin sojan da ke yaki da Zulus a lokacin tawaye.  Gandhi ya ƙarfafa gwamnatin Biritaniya da himma don ɗaukar Indiyawa. Ya ƙara da cewa ya kamata Indiyawa su goyi bayan yunkurin yaki domin halalta da'awarsu ta zama cikakken ɗan ƙasa. Gwamnatin Biritaniya, ta ki yarda Indiyawa su shiga cikin mayaka. Duk da haka, sun yarda da tayin Gandhi na barin tawagar Indiyawan da suka ba da kansu a matsayin masu ɗaukar gado don kula da sojojin Birtaniya  da suka ji rauni. Gandhi ne ya umurci wannan gawarwakin mutane 21. Gandhi ya buƙaci al'ummar Indiyawa a Afirka ta Kudu da su shiga yakin ta hanyar ginshikansa a cikin *ra'ayin Indiya*: "Idan gwamnati ta fahimci abin da ake lalata da karfi, za su yi amfani da shi kuma su ba Indiyawan damar samun cikakken horo don yaki na gaske".  Daga baya a shekarar 1927 ya rubuta game da taron a matsayin "Ba yaki amma mutum farauta". 

## Tunawa da juna
A shekara ta 2006, an yi bikin cika shekaru ɗari da tawaye a wani biki da aka ayyana Cif Bambatha a matsayin gwarzon ƙasa na Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata. Har ila yau, hoton nasa ya bayyana a kan tambarin aikawa da sako kuma an canza sunan wani titi don girmama shi. 

A cewar jawabai a wurin bikin, gawar da aka fille kan ba ta Bambatha ba ce, kuma babban hafsan ya yi nasarar tserewa zuwa Mozambique. Wannan imani har yanzu yana nan a ko'ina; gwajin DNA da aka yi masa na zargin jikinsa ya ƙasa bayar da tabbatacciyar amsa. 

Mawaƙin hip-hop Afrika Bambaataa ya ɗauki sunansa daga Bambatha da tawayensa. 

## Duba kuma

* Yaƙin Boer na Farko (1880-1881)
* Medal Tawayen Ƙasar Natal (1907)

### Sources
 

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## Manazarta