Yanayi.g.ca

Sabis na Yanayi na Kanada (MSC; Faransanci: Sabis météorologique du Canada - SMC) reshe ne na Muhalli da Canjin Yanayi Kanada, wanda da farko ke ba da bayanan yanayi na jama'a da hasashen yanayi da gargaɗin yanayi mai tsanani da sauran haɗarin muhalli.  MSC kuma tana sa ido da gudanar da bincike kan yanayi, kimiyyar yanayi, ingancin iska, yawan ruwa, kankara da sauran batutuwan muhalli.  MSC tana gudanar da hanyar sadarwa ta tashoshin rediyo a ko'ina cikin Kanada tana watsa yanayi da bayanan muhalli awanni 24 a rana mai suna Weatheradio Canada.

## Tarihi

### Binciken sirri
Kafin shekara ta 1840, mutane masu zaman kansu ne, wasu hukumomi (kamar HBC), da masu bincike ne suka yi nazarin yanayin yanayi a Kanada, amma ba a ba da wannan bayanin ga jama'a ba.

### Cibiyar Kula da Magnetic da Meteorological ta Mai Girma
A cikin 1840, jami'an Burtaniya (Ma'aikatar Ordnance ta Burtaniya) da Royal Society sun kafa wani wurin lura a Toronto, Kanada Yamma, ɗaya daga cikin 'yan kalilan a fadin Daular Burtaniya  kuma mai yiwuwa an tsara shi bayan Royal Observatory, Greenwich.

### Ofishin Kula da Yanayi na Dominion
Cibiyar lura da Toronto ta ƙare a shekara ta 1853, amma gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta lardin Kanada ta karɓi sabis ɗin kuma ta ci gaba da tattara bayanan yanayi. A ranar 1 ga Mayu, 1871, sabon Dominion na Kanada ya kafa Ma'aikatar Kula da Yanayi ta Kanada ta hanyar samar da tallafin $ 5000 ga Farfesa G. T. Kingston na Jami'ar Toronto don kafa cibiyar sadarwa ta lura da yanayi. An tattara wannan bayanin kuma an samar da shi ga jama'a daga 1877 zuwa gaba. Daga nan aka sanya MSC a karkashin Ma'aikatar Marine da Kifi.

### Sashen Yanayi na Ofishin Ayyukan Jirgin Sama
Daga 1936 zuwa 1946 ayyukan da aka sanya a ƙarƙashin Ma'aikatar Sufuri a matsayin Sashen Meteorological na Sashin Air Services 'da kuma a matsayin Sashin Meteorological daga 1956. 

A cikin 1939, Sashen Meteorological, Ofishin Air Services yana fadada cikin sauri don yin hidima ga jirgin sama na kasuwanci. A watan Satumbar 1939 ma'aikatan cikakken lokaci na Sashen Meteorological da ke Toronto sun ƙidaya 213, daga cikinsu 51 ne masu binciken yanayi kuma 57 ne masu lura da yanayin yanayi.

### Ofishin Muhalli na Yanayi da Ofishin Yanayi na Kanada
A cikin 1971 an kafa Ofishin Kula da Yanayi na Kanada a ƙarƙashin Ma'aikatar Muhalli (Environment Canada) a cikin 1971.  An sake sunan AES daga baya a matsayin Ma'aikatar Kula da Yanayi ta Kanada .

## Ƙungiya
A halin yanzu akwai ofisoshin hasashen yanayin jama'a guda shida:

* Cibiyar Tsinkaya ta Pacific da Yukon a Vancouver, British Columbia
* Cibiyar Tsinkaya ta Guguwa da Guguwar Arctic, ta raba tsakanin ofishin a Edmonton, Alberta da Winnipeg, Manitoba
* Cibiyar Tsinkaya ta Guguwar Ontario (Toronto) 
* Cibiyar Tsinkaya ta Guguwar Quebec (Montreal, Quebec) 
* Cibiyar Tsinkaya ta Atlantic Storm (Dartmouth, Nova Scotia). Cibiyar Tsinkaya ta guguwar Atlantic kuma tana da Cibiyar Guguwar Kanada.
* Ofishin Yanayi na Newfoundland da Labrador (Gander, Newfoundland and Labrador) 

Akwai cibiyoyi guda biyu da aka keɓe don hasashen yanayin jirgin sama: Cibiyar Kula da Jiragen Sama ta Kanada- Gabas, da ke Montreal, da Cibiyar Jiragen Sama ta Kanadiya-West, wacce ke Edmonton.

MSC kuma tana aiki da Cibiyar Kanada don Tsinkaya ta Yanayi da Muhalli, wanda aka ba shi aiki tare da samar da jagorar tsinkaya, da kuma Canadian Ice Service,  wanda ke ba da lura da kankara da tsinkaya ga masu jirgin ruwa. Don tallafawa sojojin Kanada, wasu masu binciken yanayi na MSC suna aiki a Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Kasa.

Ofishin Kula da Yanayi na Kanada ya sami ISO9001:2000 Certified don Shirin Kula da Hydrometric.

## Shugabannin Observatory / MSC

* 1840, Lieutenant C.J.B. Riddell, Royal ArtilleryArtillery na sarauta
* 1841, Kyaftin JG Younghusband
* 1841-1853, Kyaftin Sir John Henry Lefroy
* 1853-1855, Farfesa John Bradford Cherriman, Darakta na wucin gadi na Cibiyar Nazarin Toronto
* 1855-1880, Farfesa G. T. Kingston, Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Toronto, Superintendent na MSC
* 1880-1894, Charles Carpmael, Darakta
* 1894-1929, Sir R. Frederick Stupart, Darakta
* 1929-1946, John Patterson MA F.R.C.S., Darakta
* 1946-1959, Andrew Thomson D.Sc. , MA OBE, Mai Kula da Sashen Yanayi
* 1959-1964, Patrick D. McTaggart-Cowan DSc LLD MBE, Darakta na Sashen Yanayi
* 1964-1971, J.R.H. Noble, Mataimakin Minista, Ma'aikatar Muhalli
* 1964-1971, J.R.H. Noble, Mai Gudanarwa, Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Yanayi

## Hedikwatar

* 1840, Old Fort York (Bathurst Street), Toronto, Upper Canada - wanda ke cikin barikin da ba a yi amfani da su ba
* 1840-1853, Kwalejin Sarakuna, Toronto, Upper Canada / Kanada Yamma - har yanzu yana cikin King's College Circle, Jami'ar Toronto (duba Toronto Magnetic and Meteorological Observatory) 
* 1907-1971, Ginin Dominion Meteorological, 315 Bloor Street West, Toronto, Ontario - yanzu Ginin Shiga da Kyaututtuka, Jami'ar Toronto 
* 1972-yanzu, 4905 Dufferin Street, Toronto, Ontario (ta hanyar gine-ginen Boignon & Armstrong) 

## Dubi kuma

* Cibiyar Guguwar Kanada
* Muhalli da Canjin Yanayi Kanada
* Cibiyar Kula da Yanayi ta Kanada
* Kungiyar Yanayi da Oceanographic ta Kanada
* NinJo, software na tashar aiki na SMC
* Yankin hasashen
* R. E. Munn

## Haɗin waje

* Muhalli da Canjin Yanayi Bayanan Yanayi na Kanada
* Bayanan MSC Open