Fararen Fata ƴan Afirka na asalin Turai

**Fararen 'yan [[Afirka]] na asalin [[Turai]]** suna nufin' yan ƙasa ko mazauna yankin Afirka waɗanda zasu iya gano cikakkiyar ko ɓangaren kakanninmu zuwa Turai. A shekara ta 1989, an kiyasta kimanin fararen fata miliyan 4.6 tare da kakannin Turai a Nahiyar Afirka. 

Yawancin su daga asalin Anglo-Celtic ne, Dutch, Faransanci, Jamusanci da Portuguese; zuwa ƙarami, akwai kuma waɗanda suka fito daga Belgium, Helenawa, Italiya, Scandinavians da Mutanen Espanya. Yawancin sun taɓa zama a bakin tekun Bahar Rum ko a Kudancin Afirka.

An kafa al'ummomin Turai na dindindin na farko a Afirka a lokacin Age of Discovery a Cape of Good Hope;  Luanda, a Angola; Tsibirin São Tomé; da Cape Verde  ta hanyar gabatar da 'yan kasuwa na Portugal da Dutch ko ma'aikatan soja. Sauran kungiyoyin fararen mazauna sun isa sabbin wuraren zama na Faransa, Jamusanci, Belgium, da Burtaniya a Afirka a cikin ƙarni na goma sha tara da farkon ƙarni na ashirin. Kafin mulkin mallaka na yanki, fararen mutanen Turai na iya ƙidaya mutane miliyan 6 a mafi girman su kuma an wakilta su a kowane bangare na nahiyar.

Fitowar masu mulkin mallaka sun kasance tare da 'yancin kai a yawancin kasashen nahiyar Afirka. Fiye da rabin yawan mutanen Mozambik na Portuguese, wanda ya kai kimanin 200,000 a 1975,  ya tashi gaba ɗaya saboda manufofin tattalin arziki na nuna bambanci da aka yi musu.  A Zimbabwe, fitowar fararen fata na baya-bayan nan ta haifar da wani Shirin sake fasalin ƙasa wanda marigayi Shugaba Robert Mugabe ya gabatar a cikin 2000 da kuma rushewar tattalin arzikin kasar. A Burundi, an kori fararen mutanen yankin ta hanyar dokar da gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta bayar a kan 'yancin kai.

Kasar Afirka da ke da mafi yawan mutanen Turai a lambobi da kuma daidaito ita ce Afirka ta Kudu, inda fararen Afirka ta Kudu suka kai mutane 4,504,252, wanda ya kai kashi 7.3% na yawan mutanen Afirka ta Kudu.  Ƙananan mutanen da suka fito daga Turai sun kasance a Namibia, Angola, Madagascar, Morocco, Kenya, Senegal, Tunisiya, Zambia, Zimbabwe da sauran wurare. Kodayake 'yan tsiraru ba sa riƙe ikon siyasa na musamman, wasu sun ci gaba da riƙe manyan mukamai a masana'antu da aikin gona na kasuwanci a jihohin Afirka da yawa bayan gabatar da mulkin rinjaye.

## Bayani na gaba ɗaya

A lokacin Mulkin mallaka na Afirka, tsarin zama na Turai gabaɗaya sun fi son yankuna tare da adadi mai yawa na ƙasa aƙalla mita 910 (3,000  sama da matakin teku, ruwan sama na shekara-shekara sama da 510 millimeters (20 in) amma ba ya wuce 1,020 millimeters (40 in), da kuma 'yancin dangi daga Tsetse fly. Ya bambanta da Yamma da Tsakiyar Afirka, yanayin da ya fi dacewa, ya bushe na Arewa, Gabas, da Kudancin Afirka don haka ya jawo hankalin adadi mai yawa na baƙi na dindindin na Turai. An yi la'akari da ruwan sama na shekara-shekara na kasa da 1020 mm wanda ya dace musamman ga ayyukan noma na matsakaici wanda mutane da yawa suka saba da shi. Sabili da haka, sassan farko na Afirka da Turawa za su zauna sun kasance a arewacin da kudancin nahiyar; tsakanin waɗannan matsanancin yanayi guda biyu, cututtuka da yanayin zafi sun hana mafi yawan mazaunin Turai na dindindin har zuwa ƙarshen karni na sha tara. Binciken albarkatun da suka dace nahiyar Afirka da kuma gabatar da quinine a matsayin magani ga zazzabin cizon sauro ya canza wannan yanayin na dogon lokaci, kuma sabon raƙuman masu mulkin mallaka na Turai sun isa nahiyar tsakanin 1890 da 1918.
## Manazarta