Ƙungiyar 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo

**Ƙungiyar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ta Franchise League** ƙungiya ce ta mata, galibi tana aiki a Ingila.

## Kafawa
A cikin 1908 Gertrude Elliott, Adeline Bourne, Winifred Mayo da Sime Seruya ne suka kafa kungiyar Franchise League ta Actress a wani taro a gidan cin abinci na Criterion a Landan. [1] [2] Yayin da aka bayyana “’yan fim” a cikin sunan kungiyar, duk macen da ta kasance ko ta kasance a harkar wasan kwaikwayo ana maraba da shiga. 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo na Birtaniya da suka shiga sun hada da Sybil Thorndike, Italia Conti, Inez Bensusan, Madge Kendal, Gertrude Elliott, Ellen Terry, Lillah McCarthy, Decima Moore, Cicely Hamilton, Beatrice Forbes-Robertson Hale, Christabel Marshall, Lena Ashwell, Ellison Scotland Jones, Ellen Kate Limouzin da Lillie Langtry .

Kungiyar tana da manyan manufofi guda uku:

1. Don gamsar da membobin ƙwararrun wasan kwaikwayo game da wajibcin faɗaɗa ikon yin amfani da sunan kamfani ga mata.

2. Yin aiki don Kuri'a don Mata daidai da sharuɗɗan da aka ba su, ko kuma ana iya ba wa maza ta hanyoyin ilimi.

3. Don taimakawa duk sauran wasannin a duk lokacin da zai yiwu.

Kungiyar da kanta ta kasance tsaka-tsaki mai tsauri dangane da dabarun zabe ma'ana kungiyar ba ta amince a bainar jama'a ba ko kuma ta yi Allah wadai da ta'addanci. Duk da haka, akwai wasu mambobi waɗanda su ma suna cikin ƙungiyoyin tsageru irin su Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Mata da Ƙungiyar Mata ta zamantakewa da Siyasa, kuma an kama su kuma an daure su a kurkuku saboda ayyukan tsageru. A shekara ta 1913, membobin AFL sun kai mambobi 900, kuma akwai ƙungiyar maza da ke da alaƙa da kuma fiye da 100 abokan ciniki.

AFL ta ɗauki ruwan hoda da kore azaman launukanta. 

An gudanar da taron farko na AFL a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba 1908. kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo – manajan Johnston Forbes-Robertson ya jagoranta. Shugaban farko na gasar shine Dame Madge Kendal. 

## Ayyuka
AFL na da takamaiman hanyoyin cimma burinsu. An bayyana waɗannan a cikin rahotonta na farko na shekara kamar:

ii) Sayar da Adabi,

iv) Karatu.

An sayar da wallafe-wallafen, gami da wasan kwaikwayo da zane-zane na marubuta masu goyon bayan takara, a duk abubuwan da suka faru na AFL. AFL sau da yawa yana haɗin gwiwa tare da sauran ƙungiyoyi masu zaɓe, musamman Ƙungiyar Suffrage na Mata .  Marubuta da masu wasan kwaikwayo a cikin wannan rukuni, kamar Cicely Hamilton, sun ba da yawancin wasan kwaikwayo da skits da AFL ta yi. Ƙungiyoyin biyu sun yi tarayya da yawa daga cikin mambobi iri ɗaya. AFL ta yi a WSPU 's Suffrage Exhibition a 1909 sannan kuma a WSPU 's Kirsimeti Fair and Festival a 1911.

AFL ta kafa ofisoshi a 2 Robert Street, Adelphi, kusa da Charing Cross Station, kuma tana da rassa a duk faɗin Biritaniya a Edinburgh, Glasgow, Liverpool, da Eastbourne.  Wakilin AFL ya kasance a duk manyan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin yakin neman zaben Birtaniya tsakanin 1909 da 1928.  Tsakanin 1909 zuwa 1914, an gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo aƙalla 120 a faɗin ƙasar. 

AFL ta kasance tana aiki sama da shekaru 50, da kyau bayan an ba da izinin ba da izini ga mata a cikin 1918 da daidaitaccen zaɓe a 1928. A farkon yakin duniya na biyu, AFL ya fara aikin yaki, yana gudanar da abubuwan da suka faru don tallafawa ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo da kuma kafa Hukumar Daidaita Mata, don taimakawa wajen samun aikin yi ga mata a lokacin yakin. Wakilan AFL da WAB sun zauna a kan kwamitin ba da shawara na Kwamitin Yakin Neman Biya Daidaita a cikin 1940s da 1950s da sauran membobin sun yi aiki don tara kuɗi don gidajen zama na duka mata da maza. Taron na ƙarshe da AFL ya yi shi ne ƙwallon ƙafa a otal ɗin Savoy a watan Disamba 1958 don tunawa da cika shekaru hamsin. [1]

## Kasancewa da tallafi
A shekara ta 1914 memba na AFL ya ƙidaya sama da 900 kuma an kafa ƙungiyar maza masu alaƙa. AFL ta dauki ma'aikata sama da 100 daga wajen ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo, gami da Christabel Pankhurst . 

### Fitattun Membobi

* Lena Ashwell 
* Edy Craig 
* Cicely Hamilton 
* Lillie Langtry 
* Kitty Marion 
* Elizabeth Robins 
* Atine Seyler 
* Sybil Thorndike 

## Gado
Kungiyar ta ci gaba da kasancewa har zuwa akalla 1934. 

Ana gudanar da Takardun Ƙungiyoyin Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru a cikin ɗakin karatu na mata a London a LSE .  Gidan kayan tarihi na London yana da babban banner na AFL a cikin tarinsa.  Yawancin wasan kwaikwayo da aka ƙirƙira don AFL an sake buga su tun cikin 1980s, kwanan nan ta Dr Naomi Paxton a cikin tarihin tarihi guda biyu tare da Methuen Drama a cikin 2013 da 2018 

Tsakanin 1974 da 1981 masanin tarihi, Brian Harrison ya gudanar da jerin tambayoyin tarihin baka tare da masu fafutukar neman zaɓe, danginsu da ma'aikatansu, waɗanda aka fi sani da *Tambayoyin Suffrage*, ko *Shaidar Baki akan ƙungiyoyi masu fafutuka da suffragist: tambayoyin Brian Harrison.*  Tambayoyi 2 tare da Letitia Fairfield, da 1 tare da Sybil Thorndike sun ambaci ƙungiyar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ta Franchise.

Daga Oktoba 2018 zuwa Janairu 2019 an yi nuni a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kasa da ke Landan game da kungiyar ' yan wasan kwaikwayo ta Franchise League da Kungiyar Suffrage na Mata . An kira shi "Ci gaba mai ban mamaki: kuri'un mata da matakin Edwardian". 

## Duba kuma

* Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya
* Zaɓen mata a Ƙasar Ingila
* Wasan wasan kwaikwayo

## Manazarta

## Kara karantawa

* Paxton, Naomi. Haƙƙin mataki! Ƙungiyar 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo ta Franchise League, gwagwarmaya da siyasa 1908-1958. Jami'ar Manchester Press, 2018
* Paxton, Naomi. Littafin Wasan Wasan kwaikwayo na Methuen na Wasan Wasa: Daukar Mataki. Bloomsbury Methuen Drama, 2018
* Paxton, Naomi. Littafin Wasan kwaikwayo na Methuen na Wasan Wasa. Bloomsbury Methuen Drama, 2013
* Croft, Susan. Kuri'ar mata da sauran wasannin kwaikwayo. Aurora Metro Press, 2008
* 
* Gardner, Viv. Zane-zane daga ƙungiyar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ta Franchise League. Nottingham: Rubutun Wasan kwaikwayo na Nottingham 20th Century, 1985.