open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Rarraba harsunan Pygmy

Kalmar African Pygmies tana nufin "mutane na gandun daji" waɗanda suke ko kwanan nan suna da tattalin arzikin mafarauta da tarawa da kuma tsari mai sauƙi, wanda ba na matsayi ba wanda ya dogara da al'ummomin ƙungiyar; suna da gajeren tsayi; suna da zurfin al'adu da addini tare da gandun daji na Kongo; kuma suna zaune a cikin alaƙa da "masu kula da aikin gona", alaƙar da suke kasuwanci da kayan gandun daji kamar su da nama don aikin gona da kayan ƙarfe.

Kodayake an haɗa su a matsayin "Pygmies" ta hanyar baƙi, gami da masu kula da su, waɗannan mutane ba su da alaƙa da juna ko dai a kabilanci ko harshe. Mutanen Pygmy daban-daban na iya samun hanyoyin kwayar halitta daban-daban don gajeren tsayinsu, suna nuna asali daban-daban.

## Harshe na asali na Pygmy
An samo asali na yaren Pygmy don aƙalla wasu kungiyoyin Pygmy. Baka Merritt Ruhlen ya rubuta cewa "Pygmies na Afirka Punu magana da harsuna na ko dai na Nilo-Saharan ko Nijar-Kordofanian iyalai. An ɗauka cewa Pygmies sun taɓa magana da yarensu (s), amma cewa, ta hanyar rayuwa tare da wasu 'yan Afirka a zamanin da ba a san su ba, sun karɓi harsuna da ke cikin waɗannan iyalai biyu.  Shaidar harsuna sun haɗa da Mbenga da ke kusa da ita ba da harshen Mbandi wanda ba na wannan yaren da ake magana da ita ba, kuma ba na wannan Mbandi ba, wanda ba shine ainihin yaren da kuma ba na Mbandi ba na wannan ba na wannan harshen da ba. An ce la'akari da cewa masu magana da kakanninmu na iya kasancewa wani ɓangare na rikice-rikice na harsunan da ba na Pygmoid ba na yawan masu farauta-masu tarawa a Afirka waɗanda kawai zuriyarsu da suka tsira a yau galibi suna kewaye da gandun daji.

## Mutanen da harsuna

sAkwai mutane sama da goma sha biyu da aka tabbatar da Pygmy [bayanin 1] da suka ƙidaya akalla 350,000 a cikin Kwango Basin. Mafi sanannun sune **[[Mbenga people|Mbenga]]** (Aka da Baka) na yammacin Kogin Kongo waɗanda ke magana da yarukan Bantu da Ubangian; **[[Mbuti]]** (Efe et al.) na Ituri Rainforest, waɗanda ke magana a cikin Bantu da yarukan Sudan na Tsakiya, da **[[Great Lakes Twa|Twa]]** na Great Lakes, waɗanda ke faɗin Bantu Rwanda-Rundi. Dukkanin mutanen Pygmy da aka tabbatar suna magana da harsuna daga waɗannan iyalai uku na harsuna, kuma mutane uku ne kawai, Aka, Baka, da Asua, suna da nasu harshe.
## Manazarta
Harshe na Lese

**Lese** yare ne na Sudan ta Tsakiya na arewa maso gabashin Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, da kuma sunan mutanen da ke magana da wannan yaren. Mutanen Lese suna zaune tare da Efé Pygmies kuma suna raba yarensu, wanda a wasu lokutan ake kira **Lissi** ko Efe.

AKodayake an ba Efe lambar ISO daban, Bahuchet (2006) ya lura cewa ba ma wani yare ne daban ba, kodayake akwai bambancin dialectical a cikin harshen Lese (Dese, Karo).

Ana magana da Lese a Yankin Mambasa, Yankin Watsa, da Yankin Irumu . 

## Fasahar sauti

### Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

*  allophone ne na . A cikin Demolin 1999, ma'anar  ba a bayyane yake ba, amma /q͡ ɓ/ da alama ya zama dakatarwar labia-uvular mara murya tare da raguwa mai mahimmanci da kuma saki mai ƙarfi. Ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike don tantance ainihin yanayin wannan sauti.
* /r/ kuma ana iya jin sautin [ɾ] .

## Manazarta
George Honeyman

**George Christopher Honeyman** (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1994) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan wasan tsakiya na Blackpool .

Wani samfurin makarantar matasa ta Sunderland, Honeyman ya fara aikinsa na farko a watan Fabrairun 2015. Ya yi ɗan gajeren lokaci a kan aro tare da Gateshead a lokacin kakar 2015-16 kafin ya dawo ya zama kyaftin a 2018. Ya shiga Hull City bayan shekara guda.

## Ayyuka

### Sunderland

An haife shi a Prudhoe, Northumberland, Honeyman ya shiga makarantar Sunderland a shekara ta 2004 yana da shekaru 10 .  Ya fara buga wasan farko a ranar 15 ga watan Fabrairun 2015 a zagaye na biyar na FA Cup, inda ya maye gurbin Ricky Álvarez a minti hudu na karshe na asarar 2-0 ga Bradford City. Manajan Gus Poyet ya yarda cewa da an sanya Honeyman a baya idan tawagar ba ta da damuwa game da rauni, ya yarda cewa "George zai zo a baya saboda muna buƙatar ɗan gudu tsakanin layi da ikon yin gudu". An haɗa shi a cikin tawagar ranar wasa don wasan Premier League daya a wannan kakar, ya kasance ba a yi amfani da shi ba a 1-1 draw ga Stoke City.

A ranar 16 ga Oktoba 2015, an ba da rancen Honeyman ga kulob din Gateshead na National League na wata daya, kamar yadda ɗan wasan Sunderland Lynden Gooch ya yi a kakar da ta gabata. Ya fara buga wasan farko a washegari, ya fara ne a wasan 2-2 a gida da Altrincham. A ranar 31 ga Oktoba, ya zira kwallaye na farko na aikinsa, wanda ya ci nasara a nasarar 3-2 ga Boreham Wood.

Ya zira kwallaye na farko ga Sunderland a gasar cin Kofin EFL ta 1-0 a Bury a ranar 10 ga watan Agusta 2017.  Kwanaki shida bayan haka, ya zira kwallaye na farko a gasar don buɗe 1-1 draw a Sheffield Laraba. A watan Agustan 2018, yayin da Sunderland ke shirin Kabari League One bayan sakewa na biyu a jere, sabon manajan Jack Ross ya nada Honeyman a matsayin kyaftin din yana da shekaru 23, yayin da John O'Shea ya tafi Reading. Ya zama dan wasan farko da aka samar da shi a makarantar kimiyya ya zama kyaftin din kulob din tun lokacin da Michael Gray ya kasance.

### Birnin Hull
Honeyman ya sanya hannu a kulob din Championship na Hull City a ranar 2 ga watan Agusta 2019 a kan kwangilar shekaru uku tare da zaɓi na ƙarin shekara don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba - yana kawo ƙarshen haɗin gwiwar shekaru 15 da Sunderland.  Ya fara bugawa a ranar 10 ga watan Agusta lokacin da ya zo a matsayin mai maye gurbin minti na 79 a nasarar da ya samu a gida 2-1 a kan Reading.

A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2021 an zabi shi don EFL League One Player of the Season,  kuma a ranar 29 ga Afrilu 2021 an ambaci sunansa a cikin 2020-21 EFL League League One Team of the Season a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na shekara-shekara. 

A ranar 18 ga Mayu 2022, Hull City ta yi amfani da zaɓi na ƙarin shekara a kan kwangilarsa.

### Millwall
A ranar 28 ga Yuni 2022, Honeyman ya shiga Millwall don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba, ya sanya hannu kan kwangila na dogon lokaci tare da kulob din.

### Blackpool
Honeyman ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da Blackpool a watan Yunin 2025. 

## Manazarta
Harshen Tikar

**Tikar** (wanda kuma ake kira ***'Tigre***', Tigré ko **Tikari**) yaren Bantoid ne na Arewa, yaren rabin Bantu wanda ake magana a Kamaru da Mutanen Tikar, da kuma Bedzan Pygmies, waɗanda ke magana da yarensu na yaren. Wani ra'ayi na baya-bayan nan da Roger Blench ya nuna cewa harshen Tikar na iya zama yare mai banbanci a cikin dangin yaren Nijar-Congo tare da asalin da ba a sani ba.

## Rarraba
.Ƙananan shaidu da ke akwai sun nuna cewa yana da alaƙa da yarukan Mambiloid da Dakoid.

## Harsuna
Harshen Tikar yana da yare huɗu, gami da *Tikari*, *Tigé*, da Túmú . 

## Manazarta
Zajal

***Zajal*** (="Arabic language" typeof="mw:Transclusion">Arabic) wani nau'i ne na gargajiya na waƙoƙin magana da aka bayyana a cikin yaren magana. Mawallafin *Zajal* na farko da aka rubuta shi ne Ibn Quzman na al-Andalus wanda ya rayu daga 1078 zuwa 1160.  Yawancin malamai suna ganin zajal na Larabci na Andalusi, rubutun da ke da ma'ana wanda ya bambanta sosai da ma'auni na Waƙoƙin Larabci, a matsayin hanyar magana da aka daidaita daga al'adun waƙoƙun Romance zuwa Larabci - na farko a matakin gargajiya sannan kuma ta mawaƙa masu rubutu kamar Ibn Quzman.

Gabaɗaya an yarda cewa kakannin Maroko na waƙoƙin Levantine sune *Zajal* na Andalusian da *muwashshaḥah*, waɗanda Moors suka tsere daga Spain a ƙarni na goma sha uku da goma sha huɗu suka kawo Masar da gabashin Bahar Rum. Wani malamin farko na zajal na Masar shine zajjāl na karni na sha huɗu Abu ʿAbd Allāh al-Ghubārī .  Asalin Zajal na iya zama tsoho amma ana iya gano shi zuwa akalla karni na 12. A yau, yana da rai a Levant - musamman a Lebanon * (duba ƙasa) *, Falasdinu, Siriya, da kuma Jordan inda ƙwararrun masu aikin zajal zasu iya samun manyan matakan karɓa da shahara - da kuma Maghreb, musamman Morocco da Aljeriya. Zajal yana da rabin-improvised kuma rabin-sung kuma ana yin sa sau da yawa a cikin tsarin muhawara tsakanin **'Zajjalin**' (waƙoƙi waɗanda ke ba da zajal). Yawancin lokaci ana haɗa shi da kayan kida (tare da kayan iska na lokaci-lokaci, misali ney) da ƙungiyar mawaƙa na maza (kuma kwanan nan, mata) waɗanda ke raira waƙoƙin sassan aya.

## Magana
A cewar Lane's Lexicon, kalmar aikatau *zajila* Hanya nufin daban-daban don yin sauti, yin kuka, nuna motsin rai, yin wasa ko wasanni. Adnan Haydar, masanin da ya kware a cikin harshen Larabci da adabi, ya ambaci ƙamus na karni na 14 na Ibn Manzur Lisan al-Arab a cikin danganta ma'anar "don tayar da murya a cikin waƙa" ga tushen aikatau *Zajala*. : Da yake mai da hankali kan ɗaya daga cikin ma'anonin da Lane ya bayar, wani masanin ya ci gaba da cewa asalin zajal yana da alaƙa da wasa da nishaɗin kiɗa.

## Andalusi ''Zajal''
Waƙoƙin *Zajal* suna cikin harshen Larabci na al-Andalus maimakon Larabci. *Zajal* ya bambanta da Waƙoƙin Larabci na gargajiya a cikin cewa tsohon yana da nau'in strophic kuma na ƙarshe yana da monorhymed. Zahalar ta Zajal ta matsa lamba, ko ma'auni mai inganci, ya bambanta sosai daga ma'aunin ma'aikatar waƙoƙin Larabci na gargajiya.

Yawancin malamai suna ganin *Zajal* na Larabci na Andalusi a matsayin nau'in furci wanda aka daidaita daga al'adun waƙoƙi Romance zuwa Larabci - da farko a matakin gargajiya sannan kuma ta mawaƙa masu rubutu kamar Ibn Quzman .  Alamu na versification na Andalusi zajal yayi kama da na Galician cantigas, Castilian villancicos, Italiyanci dansas da ''ballatas'', da Faransanci rondeau da virelaii.
## manazarta
Jerin makarantun harshen Larabci

Wannan **jerin makarantun koyon harshen Larabci** ne. Wasu ana kiransu da "Kwalejin Harshen Larabci", "Kwalejin Harshen Larabci", ko wani abu makamancin haka.

## Bayani

Kwalejin Harsunan Larabci cibiyoyin bincike ne na kimiyya waɗanda suka shafi kalmomi, Larabawa, da harshe a dukkan fannoni na ilimin ɗan adam. Wasu masu bincike sun gano asalin makarantun harsuna tun daga cibiyoyin kimiyya na Gabas ta dā, wasu kuma suna ƙoƙarin gano tushensu tun daga farkon tarihin ɗan adam. Wasu kuma sun ambaci majalisun Socrates da Plato, waɗanda aka sani da Kwalejin, waɗanda aka sanya wa suna bayan gwarzon tatsuniyoyi na Girka wanda aka ɗauke shi a matsayin mai kare Athens . Waɗannan tsoffin majalisun da cibiyoyin kimiyya suna nuna damuwar da mutane suka nuna a tsawon tarihi na canja wurin ilimi, kimiyya, da wayewa zuwa harsunansu don cimma farfaɗowa, ci gaba, da kuma ƙarfafa ƙirƙira da marubuta.

Wataƙila hanya mafi daidaito ta duba makarantun harsuna ita ce ta hanyar matakan harshe da na ilimi da mutane ke bi a lokacin farfaɗowarsu, da kuma hulɗar da ke tsakanin harshensu da harsunan wasu ƙasashe, musamman tare da ci gaban ilimi a fannin kimiyya, adabi, da fasaha. Wannan shi ne abin da ya faru ga Larabawa bayan sun bar ƙasarsu don yaɗa kiran Musulunci. Sabbin yanayi sun taso ga harshen Larabci, kuma dole ne ya fuskanci ƙalubale da yawa tun daga farko, ko da sun shafi mayar da cibiyoyin gwamnati Larabawa, canja wurin kimiyya da ilimi, ko ma koyar da harshen Larabci da kansa. Ƙoƙarin farko na kafa cibiyoyin da suka fuskanci waɗannan sabbin buƙatu za a iya ɗaukar su a matsayin tushen farko na makarantun harsunanmu. Mafi tsufa daga cikin waɗannan cibiyoyi a tarihinmu shine Kwamitin Fassara wanda Yariman Umayyad Khalid ibn Yazid ibn Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan (wanda ya rasu a shekara ta 85 bayan hijira) ya kafa a Damascus don fassara littattafan sinadarai da sauransu daga Girkanci zuwa Larabci. Wannan ra'ayin ya shahara a zamanin Musulunci na baya-bayan nan, inda khalifofi suka ba da fassara da kuma jawo hankali sosai, kamar Khalifa Al-Mansur da Harun al-Rashid, waɗanda suka kafa harsashin Bayt al-Hikma, wata cibiya da ta kai kololuwarta a zamanin mulkin Al-Ma'mun .

## Jerin Makarantun Larabci

## Duba kuma

* Gidan Hikima ( *Bayt al-Ḥikmah* ) ko Babban Laburare na Baghdad (ƙarni na 8 - 1258)
Harshen Faransanci a Aljeriya

Faransanci yare ne na Aljeriya .  Duk da yunkurin da aka yi na kawar da Faransanci daga rayuwar jama'a, a cikin shekarun 2000 yawan masu magana da Faransashi a Aljeriya ya fi girma fiye da ranar samun 'yancin kai a shekarar 1962;  A cikin 2008, 'yan Aljeriya miliyan 11.2 (33%) na iya karantawa da rubutu a Faransanci.  Aljeriya ita ce ƙasa ta biyu mafi girma a duniya dangane da masu magana.

## Tarihi
A lokacin mulkin mallaka na Faransa daga 1830 zuwa 1962, a cewar Benrabah, Faransanci "ya nuna cin zarafin kasashen waje kuma saboda haka za a yi tsayayya da shi" amma "ya zama kayan aiki don wayar da kan jama'a da goyon baya ga irin wannan juriya" saboda Faransanci ya isar da "darajar duniya" na 'yanci, daidaito, da' yan uwa. A lokacin mulkin mallaka, kimanin mutane miliyan daya da ke magana da harshen Faransanci sun zauna a Aljeriya. Fets-noirs sun haɓaka yare na musamman, wanda ake kira Pataouète .  A cikin 1963, daga cikin mutane 1,300,000 da suka iya karatu da rubutu a Aljeriya, miliyan 1 sun karanta Faransanci. Daga cikin yawan jama'a, miliyan 6 suna magana da Faransanci.

## Matsayi
Tsarin mulki na 1963 da 1976 bai ambaci Berber da Faransanci ba. Kwamitin Dindindin kan Sunayen Yanayi don Amfani da Jami'ar Burtaniya (PCGN) ya ce "A zahiri, Faransanci shine harshen magana na Aljeriya",  kuma duk da kokarin gwamnati na cire Faransanci, bai taɓa daina kasancewa harshen magana ba.  PCGN ta bayyana cewa "halayen hukuma game da Berber da Faransanci sun kasance mafi yawa". Duk da yaduwar amfani da Faransanci, Aljeriya ba ta shiga kungiyar Organisation internationale de la Francophonie ba, kungiyar kasa da kasa ta kasashen da ke magana da Faransashi.

Zaɓin harshe na shugabannin Aljeriya a cikin jama'a yana nuna manufofin harshensu: Houari Boumédiène, shugaban Aljeriya na biyu daga 1965 zuwa 1978, ya yi tsayayya da Faransanci kuma bai taɓa amfani da shi a bainar jama'a ba. Chadli Bendjedid, shugaban kasar na uku, ya yi amfani da Larabci na gargajiya kawai a cikin jawabinsa, kamar yadda Liamine Zerual ya yi. Sauran shugabannin siyasa, kamar su Mohamed Boudiaf da Abdelaziz Bouteflika, suna da halin kirki ga Faransanci. Bouteflika musamman ya yi imanin cewa girman Faransanci na Aljeriya ya bayyana a cikin tasirin masu tunani kamar Descartes da daidaituwa tsakanin juyin juya halin Faransa da Aljeriya. 

## Amfani da shi
Ya zuwa shekara ta 2009 wasu kashi biyu bisa uku na Aljeriyawa suna da "ƙwarewa mai zurfi" na Faransanci, kuma rabi suna magana da shi a matsayin yare na biyu. Kimanin Ethnologue ya nuna cewa mutane 10,200 a Aljeriya suna magana da shi a matsayin yarensu. Malika Rebai Mammri, marubucin "The Syndrome of the French Language in Algeria," ya ce "Faransanci ya ci gaba da kasancewa harshe mafi rinjaye a cikin kasuwanci da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun" kuma "wasu fannoni na ilimi da bincike har yanzu ana gudanar da su a cikin harshen Faransanci kuma babban ɓangare na bangarorin tattalin arziki da masana'antu da jarida har yanzu suna amfani da Faransanci sosai"  Faransanci da Berber sune harsuna biyu da aka saba amfani da su a yankin Kabylie.
Kwalejin Harshen Larabci a Isra'ila

**Kwalejin Harshen Larabci**  cibiya ce ta nazari da bincike kan harshen Larabci a Isra'ila .

## Tarihi
An kafa Kwalejin Harshen Larabci, wacce hedikwatarta ke Haifa, a watan Disamba na 2007. Daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa ta akwai Sasson Somekh . [1] Ayyukanta suna ƙarƙashin Dokar Knesset da aka amince da ita a watan Maris na 2007 kuma galibi suna kama da na Kwalejin Harshen Ibrananci . Shugaban makarantar shine Mahmoud Ghanayem.

* Nazarin tarihin harshen Larabci
* Nazarin Harshen Larabci: tsari, kalmomi, nahawu, ƙamus, furuci, haruffa, karatu, rubutu da kuma rubutun kalmomi, gami da sabbin abubuwa a cikin harshe da daidaitawa waɗanda suka samo asali daga ci gaban fasaha da kuma ci gaban kwamfuta mai ci gaba.
* Gyara ƙamus
* Nazarin al'adun Larabawa da adabi
* Hulɗa da haɗin gwiwa da Kwalejin Harsunan Ibrananci da cibiyoyin bincike na Ibrananci da Larabci a Isra'ila da ƙasashen waje
* Haɗin gwiwa da Ma'aikatar Ilimi da cibiyoyin ilimi mafi girma da ayyukan masu ba da shawara
* Buga rubuce-rubuce da kuma shirya taruka

## Bayanan kula

## Duba kuma

* Larabcin Falasɗinawa
* Jerin masu kula da harshe

## Manazarta
Majalisar Kasa da Kasa ta Larabci

**Majalisar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Harshen Larabci** ƙungiya ce ta harsuna tsakanin gwamnatoci tsakanin ƙasashen da ke magana da harshen Larabci . Ƙungiyar Jami'o'in Larabawa ce ta kafa ta a ranar 16 ga Mayu, 2007 bisa ga sanarwar da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yi na Shekarar Harsuna ta Duniya a shekarar 2008.

An kafa ƙungiyar ne bisa ga tsarin ƙoƙarin Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya na haɓaka haɗin kai a cikin bambancin ra'ayi, da kuma amincewa da ƙoƙarin Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya na harsuna da yawa a matsayin hanyar haɓakawa, karewa da kiyaye bambancin harsuna da al'adu a duk duniya, musamman ma dangane da mahimmancin da ya danganci ingancin harsuna shida na hukuma na ƙungiyar (Larabci, Sinanci, Ingilishi, Faransanci, Rashanci, da Sifaniyanci).

Kafa Majalisar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Harshen Larabci ya samu halartar shugabanni da shugabannin jami'o'i sama da 160 a jerin taruka 41 da suka gudana a Riyadh a tsakanin 14-16 ga Afrilu 2008.

A lokaci guda kuma, majalisar tana samun goyon baya da ƙarfafawa daga ministocin ilimi a mafi yawan ƙasashen Larabawa, da kuma sakatarorin janar na ƙungiyar Larabawa, ƙungiyar taron Musulunci, ƙungiyar Musulmi ta Duniya, majalisar haɗin gwiwar ƙasashen Gulf, ƙungiyar Larabawa Maghreb, da kuma majalisar haɗin kan tattalin arziki ta Larabawa. Wannan ƙari ne ga goyon baya da amincewar manyan daraktocin UNESCO, ISESCO, ALECSO, da kuma hukumar ilimi ta Larabawa ta ƙasashen Gulf. Haka kuma, an sami goyon baya mai ƙarfi daga shugabanni na jami'o'i, shugabanni da sakatarorin janar na ƙungiyoyin kwalejojin Larabawa a jami'o'in Larabawa, waɗanda suka haɗa da kwalejoji da cibiyoyin ilimi, kwalejojin kimiyya, kwalejojin shari'a, kwalejojin magunguna, kwalejojin injiniya, kwalejojin kwamfuta da bayanai, kwalejojin fasaha, kwalejojin likitanci, kwalejojin likitanci na haƙori, kwalejojin kimiyya da fasahar bayanai, kwalejojin kimiyyar gudanarwa.

## Shirye-shirye
Tun lokacin da aka kafa majalisar, ta kasance mai himma wajen tallata harshen Larabci. Tare da UNESCO, tana gudanar da taron kasa da kasa na shekara-shekara kan harshen Larabci, wanda ke jawo kwararru, malamai, dalibai, masu tsara manufofi, da kuma ma'aikatan gwamnati.  A shekararta ta biyu, wacce ta mayar da hankali kan tattaunawar dorewar harshen Larabci, dandalin ya riga ya jawo dubban mahalarta da kuma daukar nauyin manyan yankuna da na duniya.  Wannan taron kuma yana aiki a matsayin wata dama ta hada gwiwa kamar batun yarjejeniyar yarjejeniya da majalisar da ISESCO suka sanya wa hannu, wadda ta bayyana wasu matakai na musamman don koyar da harshen Larabci yadda ya kamata da kuma nuna rawar da yake takawa wajen kiyaye asalin Musulunci. 

## Duba kuma

* Larabci
* Larabci na Zamani na Daidaitacce
* Ƙungiyar Larabawa
* Kasashen Larabawa
* Jerin ƙasashen da Larabci ya zama harshen hukuma

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Larabawa ta Dimashƙu

Makarantar **Arab Academy** of Damascus ( Arabic   ) ita ce makarantar da ta fi kowacce tsufa a duniya da ke kula da harshen Larabci, wadda aka kafa a shekarar 1918 a zamanin mulkin Faisal na ɗaya na Siriya . Tana da hedikwata a Madrasa ta al-Adiliyah, kuma an yi mata misali da makarantun harsuna na Turai, kuma an kafa ta da wani bayani dalla-dalla game da misalin harshen Faransanci na Académie .

Koyar da Larabawa shine babban aikin makarantar bayan dogon lokaci na mulkin Daular Usmaniyya da kuma amfani da Turkawan Ottoman a manyan sassan Larabawa . Tun lokacin da aka kafa ta, kwamitocin farfesoshi, malamai da kwararru ne suka gudanar da ita, wadanda suka sake yada amfani da Larabci a cibiyoyin jihar da kuma rayuwar yau da kullum ta kasashen Larabawa da dama ta hanyar daidaita shari'o'i da bayanai da aka amince da su zuwa Larabci.

Makarantar tana da daraktoci kamar haka: 

## Manazarta
 

## Hanyoyin Haɗi na Waje
* Kwalejin Larabawa ta Damascus, Daga ''Amsoshi''
* Versteegh, Kees . Harshen Larabci. New York: Edinburgh UP, 2001. Buga. Shafi na 178.
* Rachad Hamzaoui, *L'Académie Arabe de Damas et le problème de la modernization de la langue arabe*, Leiden: Brill, 1965.
Gundumar Bekwai Municipal

**Majalisar Karamar Hukumar Bekwai** tana ɗaya daga cikin gundumomi arba'in da uku a Yankin Ashanti, Ghana .  An ƙirƙira ta ne a matsayin majalisar gundumomi ta yau da kullun a shekarar 1988 lokacin da aka san ta da **[[Bekwai Municipal District|Gundumar Gabas ta Amansie]]**, wacce aka ƙirƙira daga tsohuwar Majalisar **[[Amansie District|Gundumar Amansie]]** . Daga baya, an raba yankin yammacin gundumar ta hanyar umarnin shugaban ƙasa John Agyekum Kufuor a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 2003 (wanda ya fara a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu 2004) don ƙirƙirar **[[Amansie Central District|Gundumar Tsakiya ta Amansie]] .** Sauran ɓangaren an riƙe shi har zuwa farkon 2008 a matsayin **Gundumar Gabas ta Amansie** . Sannan aka raba gabashin gundumar don ƙirƙirar **[[Bosome Freho District|Gundumar Bosome Freho]]** a ranar 29 ga Fabrairu 2008; yayin da sauran ɓangaren aka ɗaga shi zuwa matsayin majalisar gundumomi a wannan shekarar kuma tun daga lokacin aka sake masa suna zuwa **Majalisar Gundumar Bekwai** . Gundumar tana cikin kudancin Yankin Ashanti kuma tana da Bekwai a matsayin babban birninta.

## Bayanan ƙasa

*   before the split off of the Amansie Central District.

## Manazarta
Gwaje-gwaje (locomotive)

***Gwajin*** jirgin ƙasa ne da Richard Roberts ya tsara kuma ya gina a shekarar 1833 don layin dogo na Liverpool da Manchester (L&MR). Jirgin yana da silinda a tsaye suna tuƙi ta hanyar ƙararrawa .

## Tarihi
L&MR No.32  An gina *gwajin* a shekarar 1833 tare da silinda a tsaye da aka sanya a bayan bututun hayaki, suna tuƙa ƙafafun ta hanyar ƙararrawa. Motar tana da bawuloli na piston . Waɗannan bawuloli wataƙila sune dalilin da yasa ƙirar ba ta yi nasara ba, maimakon watsa ƙararrawa, wanda aka yi amfani da shi cikin nasara a wasu na'urori.  Wani dalili kuma da yasa motar ba ta yi nasara ba shine zubewar tururi daga silinda.  An janye gwajin bayan 'yan watanni. 

An gina jiragen ƙasa guda uku makamancin haka don layin dogo na Dublin da Kingstown .  An gina jiragen ƙasa masu wannan ƙira don layin dogo na Dundee da Newtyle, amma ba da daɗewa ba aka canza su. 

## Manazarta
Bechem

**Bechem** gari ne kuma babban birnin gundumar Tano ta Kudu ta Ahafo ta Ghana, kuma Bechem babban birnin gundumar Tano ta Kudu ce.    Bechem tana kusa da babban birnin Bono, Sunyani . Garin ya shahara da Makarantar Sakandare ta Bechem Presbyterian.   Makarantar cibiya ce ta zagaye na biyu .  Garin yana da ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun kwalejojin horar da malamai a ƙasar da aka sani da kwalejin St. Joseph (JOSCO) kuma yana da makarantar Bechem ta kurame da makafi da kuma Cibiyar Fasaha ta kurame. Tana da ƙauyuka biyu da aka sani da Techimantia da Derma waɗanda dukkansu suna da tsayi idan ana maganar noman tumatir a ƙasar.

Ita ce gidan ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Bechem United wadda a halin yanzu take wasa a babban rukuni a Ghana. 

## Manazarta
Sarauniyar Apostles Makarantar Kwana, Elmina

**Makarantar kwana ta Sarauniyar Manzanni** (wadda a da ake **kira OLA Boarding** ) makarantar kwana ce ta Katolika ta gwamnati ga 'yan mata, wacce ke Elmina, a yankin Tsakiyar Ghana . Makarantar tana kan tudu kusa da St. Joseph's Minor Basilica, cocin Katolika na farko a Ghana.

Ita ce gidan ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Bechem United wadda a halin yanzu take wasa a babban rukuni a Ghana. 

## Duba kuma

* Ilimi a Ghana
* Jerin makarantun kwana
* Jerin makarantu a Ghana

## Manazarta
J. W. O. Adjemang

**JWO Adjemang** ma'aikacin gwamnati ne na ƙasar Ghana, ɗan siyasa, kuma memba na Majalisar 'Yanci ta Ƙasa . Ya kasance Mataimakin Kwamishinan Hukumar 'Yan sandan Ghana kuma Kwamishinan Yankin Sama (wanda yanzu aka raba zuwa Yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya da Yankin Yammacin Kudu ) daga 1966 zuwa 1967.   Imoru Lafia ya gaje shi.  

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Larabci ta Jordan

**Cibiyar Nazarin Larabci ta Jordan** ( Arabic   ) ɗaya ce daga cikin masu kula da harshen Larabci da ke Amman, Jordan . Baya ga Kwalejin Larabci ta Jordan, akwai wasu masu kula da harshen Larabci guda 10 a duniya. An kafa ta ne don farawa a shekarar 1924, amma za ta iya farawa ne kawai a shekarar 1974. 

Tana da jarida a duk shekara mai suna: "The Journal of Jordan Academy of Arabic" ( Larabci مجلة مجمع اللغة العربية الأردني) ). Wannan Kwalejin ta kuma samar da ƙamus da wallafe- wallafe da dama da kuma wasu lokutan, domin manufarta ta shafi amfani da kalmomin fasaha da na ƙwararru a Larabci, wanda hakan ke sauƙaƙa amfani da Larabci a makarantun gaba da sakandare da kuma tsara harshen Larabci da adabi .

## Tarihi
An buga kafuwar **Kwalejin Larabci ta Jordan** a cikin Mujallar Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Arab da ke Damascus a watan Janairun 1924. Ita ce hukumar kula da harshen Larabci ta biyu da aka kafa a duniyar Larabawa bayan Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Arab da ke Damascus wadda aka kafa a shekarar 1919. Saboda karancin albarkatun kuɗi, kimiyya da na ɗan adam, ba ta daɗe ba. An bayar da umarnin sake kafa Kwalejin Larabci ta Jordan a shekarar 1976. Ta fara ɗaukar nauyinta a hukumance tun daga ranar farko ta watan Oktoban 1976, sannan ta shiga Ƙungiyar Kwalejin Kimiyya da Harsuna ta Larabawa da ke birnin Alƙahira a shekarar 1977.

## Manufofin Kwalejin
Kwalejin tana da nufin cimma manufofi da dama, ciki har da: kiyaye mutuncin harshen Larabci, tabbatar da cewa ya yi daidai da buƙatun adabi na zamani, kimiyya, da fasaha, haɓaka harshen Larabci don biyan buƙatun al'umma mai tushen ilimi, haɓaka ƙamus na kalmomi don kimiyya, adabi, da fasaha, da kuma ƙoƙarin daidaita kalmomi tare da haɗin gwiwar cibiyoyin ilimi, kimiyya, harshe, da al'adu a ciki da wajen Masarautar. Hakanan tana neman farfaɗo da gadon Larabawa da Musulunci. Kwalejin kuma tana neman haɗin gwiwa da cibiyoyin ilimi daban-daban a ciki da wajen Masarautar don daidaita kalmomin harshe. 

## Duba kuma

* Larabcin Jordan
* Adabin Larabci
* Jerin masu kula da harshe

## Manazarta
Kwaebibirem Municipal District

**Gundumar Kwaebibirim** tana ɗaya daga cikin gundumomi talatin da uku a Yankin Gabashin, Ghana .   An ƙirƙira ta a matsayin majalisar gundumomi ta yau da kullun a shekarar 1988 lokacin da aka san ta da **[[Kwaebibirem Municipal District|Gundumar Kwaebibirim]]**, wanda aka ƙirƙira daga tsohuwar Majalisar **[[West Akim Municipal District|Gundumar Akim ta Yamma]]** . Duk da haka, a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu 2012 (a zahiri 28 ga Yuni 2012), an raba kudancin gundumar don ƙirƙirar **[[Gundumar Denkyembour]]** ; don haka an riƙe sauran ɓangaren a matsayin **Gundumar Kwaebibirim** . Daga baya, an ɗaga ta zuwa matsayin majalisar gundumomi ta birni a ranar 15 ga Maris 2018 don zama Gundumar **Karamar Hukumar Kwaebibirim** . Gundumar tana cikin kudancin Yankin Gabashin kuma tana da Kade a matsayin babban birninta.

## Jerin matsugunan da aka yi

## Majiyoyi

*  
* District: Kwaebibirem Municipal District

## Manazarta
King Salman Global Academy for Arabic Language

**King Salman Global Academy** for (KSAA) ( Arabic مجمع الملك سلمان العالمي للغة العربية ), da farko a matsayin King Salman International Complex for the Larabci, wani rukunin harsuna ne na duniya da ke Riyadh, Saudi Arabia wanda aka kafa don haɓaka harshen Larabci . An kafa shi a watan Satumba na 2020 [1] [2] ta hanyar dokar Majalisar Ministoci, yana da alaƙa da Ma'aikatar Al'adu ta ƙasar.

## Manazarta
Majalisar Koli ta Larabci a Aljeriya

**Majalisar Koli ta harshen Larabci a** Aljeriya ( Arabic   ) ƙungiya ce mai ba da shawara ga Shugaban Jamhuriyar Aljeriya, wadda aka kafa ta bisa Umarni Mai Lamba 96/30 na ranar 21 ga Disamba, 1996, kamar yadda aka gyara kuma aka ƙara wa doka mai lamba 91-05 ta ranar 16 ga Janairu, 1991.

Majalisar da ke da membobi kuma ke jagorantarta ta hanyar aiki don haɓaka harshen Larabci a Aljeriya da amfaninsu

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Majalisar Koli ta Harshen Larabci a Larabci
Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Iraqi

**Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Iraki** ( Larabci : **المجمع العلمي العراقي** ) wata cibiya ce a birnin Bagadaza wadda aka kafa a shekara ta 1947 da nufin bunkasa da sarrafa harshen larabci a Iraki da kasashen Larabawa.

Kwalejin tana da wasu sassa biyu don tsara da haɓaka Kurdawa da Aramaic ( Syriac ) a Iraki ; an kafa waɗannan sassa biyu a shekarar 1963.

An yi fashi da makami a lokacin mamayar Iraki a shekarar 2003. [1]

Shugaban ƙasar na yanzu shine Mohammed Husayn Al Yaseen, farfesa a fannin Larabci a Jami'ar Baghdad .

## Duba kuma

* Jerin masu kula da harshe

## Manazarta
Badr Al Din Abu Ghazi

**Badr Al Din Abu Ghazi** (1920–1983) wani mai sukar fasaha ne kuma marubuci ɗan ƙasar Masar wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ministan al'adu tsakanin 1970 da 1971.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Abu Ghazi a shekarar 1920.   Ya kasance ɗan'uwan babban mai sassaka na Masar Mahmoud Mokhtar . 

Abu Ghazi ƙwararren mai sukar fasaha ne ta hanyar sana'a kuma yana aiki a wallafe-wallafe daban-daban. Ya fara aikinsa a *Al Fossoul* wanda Mohamed Zaki Abdel Kader ya buga.  A farkon shekarun 1950 ya shiga wallafe-wallafen *Rose Al Yusuf* da *Al Akhbar* .  Sannan ya yi aiki a *Al Hilal* da *Al Majalla* .  Editan na ƙarshen shine Yahya Haqqi a shekarun 1960.  Baya ga irin waɗannan ayyukan 'yan jarida, Abu Ghazi yana ɗaya daga cikin membobin Majalisar Koli ta Fasaha, Adabi, da Kimiyyar Zamani a shekarun 1960. 

A ranar 18 ga Nuwamba, 1970, aka naɗa Abu Ghazi ministan al'adu, wanda ya maye gurbin Tharwat Okasha a matsayin ministan al'adu. [1] Wa'adin Abu Ghazi ya ƙare a ranar 14 ga Mayu, 1971 lokacin da aka naɗa Ismail Ghanem ministan al'adu. [1] Sannan Abu Ghazi ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban wata cibiyar fasaha a Masar, wato Société des amis de l'art, daga 1972 zuwa 1983. [2]

Ɗansa, Emad Abu Ghazi, shi ma ya yi aiki a matsayin ministan al'adu a majalisar ministocin da Firayim Minista Essam Sharaf ya jagoranta a shekarar 2011.  Abu Ghazi ya mutu a shekarar 1983.  

### Littattafai
Abu Ghazi ya buga littattafai daban-daban, ɗaya daga cikinsu ya shafi mai sassaka na Masar Mahmoud Mokhtar.  An ambaci wannan littafin a matsayin cikakken bincike kan Mokhtar.  Abu Ghazi ya kuma buga wani littafi kan Mokhtar wanda aka fassara zuwa Faransanci a shekarar 1949. 

## Manazarta
Betty McQuade

**Elizabeth Rankin McQuade** (26 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1941 - 26 ga watan Disamba shekara ta 2011), wacce aka fi sani da Betty McQuade, 'yar Australia ce mai raira waƙa da mawaƙa.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haife ta a Paisley, Scotland, McQuade ta koma Ostiraliya tare da iyalinta tana da shekaru takwas, ta zauna a Brisbane. Ta fara raira waƙa a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na baiwa da kuma kungiyoyi kamar Cloudland, inda ta lashe babban wasan kwaikwayo na basira a Brisbane City Hall a 1956 lokacin da take da shekaru 15. Fitowarta a kulob din ta zama mafi yawa, ta bayyana a kan takardun kudi tare da Johnny O'Keefe da Bee Gees, kuma ta fito a cikin shirye-shiryen talabijin a matsayin mawaƙa da mai rawa. Ta koma Melbourne a shekarar 1960, kuma ta shiga kungiyar da ke akwai, The Thunderbirds, inda ta maye gurbin Judy Cannon . 

A shekara mai zuwa ta sanya hannu tare da Astor Records a matsayin mawaƙa, ta saki sassan rikodin Wanda Jackson "Tongue Tied" da John D. Loudermilk's "Midnight Bus", wanda Thunderbirds suka goyi bayanta. Waƙar ta ƙarshe ta kai ga mafi yawan sassan yanki a Ostiraliya, an sake buga ta a can sau da yawa, kuma daga baya aka zabe ta a cikin zaben jarida a matsayin waƙar dutse ta # 1 na karni na 20 a Ostiralia. Loudermilk da kansa ya bayyana rikodin McQuade a matsayin "mafi kyawun kisan kai" na waƙar.

McQuade ya bayyana a kai a kai a shirye-shiryen talabijin na Australia a farkon shekarun 1960. A shekara ta 1962 ta shiga tare da Firayim Minista kuma ta saki rikodin ta na karshe a kan lakabin Astor, "Bobby, Bobby, Bobby". Daga nan sai ta shiga cikin Go!! lakabin, wanda ya sake fitar da "Midnight Bus" da kuma wani abu, "Blue Train". Ta koma Queensland a shekarar 1966, kuma ta yi aiki a kai a kai a cikin kungiyoyi, ta fadada repertoire dinta don hada da ka'idoji pop da ballads. Ta yi ritaya a shekarar 1968 kuma ta yi aure, amma bayan haka ta ƙare ta koma raira waƙa a kananan kungiyoyi. A shekara ta 1983, ta koma Melbourne kuma ta fara yin wasan kwaikwayo a abubuwan da suka faru na farfadowa da kuma baƙi a shirye-shiryen talabijin. Ta ci gaba da yin wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 2000s, har zuwa wasan karshe a ranar 22 ga Satumba 2007. 

Ta mutu a Brisbane a ranar 26 ga Disamba 2011, tana da shekaru 70, bayan dogon rashin lafiya. An tattara rikodin ta, mai *Tarin Betty McQuade* Collection, a CD a cikin 2012,  tare da duk kudaden shiga zuwa sadaka don tallafawa masu nishaɗi. 

## Bayanan da aka ambata

## Haɗin waje
Iyebiye Adeitan

**Iyebiye Adeitan**, wanda aka fi sani da "Kaizen Kreativ", ɗan Najeriya ne mai tsara zane-zane da kuma mai zane-zane.[1][2]

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Henry Rimisho

**Henry M. Rimisho** (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1969) masanin gine-gine ne kuma malami daga Sashen Gine-gine, Makarantar Gine-gine. Shi kuma firist ne mai wa'azi a ƙasashen waje daga Ikilisiyar Manzanni na Yesu da ke Nairobi, Kenya . [1]

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Rimisho a Kinondoni, Dar es Salaam, a Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Tanzania, ga Mr. da Mrs. Jacob Rimisho . A shekara ta 1994, ya halarci Jami'ar Pontifical Urban don digiri na farko a falsafar kuma a shekara ta 2000 ya sami digiri na farko na tauhidin. Daga shekara ta 2012, ya kuma sami digiri na farko, a shekarar 2014 ya sami digiri na biyu kuma 2020 ya sami digiri (PhD) a fannin gine-gine daga Jami'ar Ardhi . 

## Ayyuka
Rimisho memba ne na Architects Association of Tanzania kuma yana ba da laccoci galibi a cikin ci gaban birane da gidaje, ɗakin zane-zane na gine-gine, kayan gini, aikin sana'a, sabis na gini da hanyar bincike.

## Ayyukan da aka zaɓa

*  

## Haɗin waje

* Henry Rimishowallafe-wallafen da aka jera taMasanin Google

## Bayanan da aka ambata
Artur (ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, an haife shi a shekara ta 1955)

****Artur** Soares Correia** (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1955), wanda aka fi sani da Artur, tsohon dan wasan kwallon kafa ne na kasar Portugal wanda ya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida.

Ya ci kwallo 1 ga a kasar Portugal, ya bayyana a wasan sada zumunci da Spain a ranar 26 ga watan satumba shekarar 1979. 

## Bayanan da aka ambata

## Haɗin waje

* Artura ForaDeJogo (an adana shi)
Carlos Canario

**Carlos Augusto Ribeiro Canário** (10 Fabrairu shekarar 1918 - 7 watan Satumba shekarar 1990) ɗan Wasanni ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Portugal, ya buga wasan tsakiya na Estrela Portalegre, Sporting da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙasa ta Portugal . An haife shi a kasar Portalegre .

## Haɗin waje

* Carlos Canárioa ForaDeJogo (an adana shi) 
* Carlos Canárioa WorldFootball.net
Berekum West District

**Gundumar Yammacin Berekum** tana ɗaya daga cikin gundumomi goma sha biyu a Yankin Bono, Ghana.  Da farko, a da, tana cikin **[[Berekum District|Gundumar Berekum]]** mafi girma a wancan lokacin a ranar 10 ga Maris, 1989, wadda aka ƙirƙira daga tsohuwar Majalisar **[[Berekum-Jaman District|Gundumar Berekum-Jaman]]** (wanda daga baya aka ɗaukaka ta zuwa matsayin majalisar gundumomi ta birni kuma aka sake mata suna zuwa **[[Berekum Municipal District|Gundumar Birni]]** a ranar 29 ga Fabrairu, 2008); har sai da aka raba yammacin gundumar don ƙirƙirar **Gundumar Gabashin Berekum** a ranar 15 ga Maris, 2018; don haka aka sake mata sauran yankin zuwa **[[Berekum East Municipal District|Gundumar Gabashin Berekum]]** . Majalisar gundumar tana cikin yammacin Yankin Bono kuma tana da Jinijini a matsayin babban birninta.

## Manazarta
Kwalejin Bishop Herman

**Kwalejin Bishop Herman**, wacce wani lokacin ake kiranta da **BIHECO**, makaranta ce ta maza kawai da ke zagaye na biyu a Kpando a yankin Volta na Ghana.

## Tarihi
Kwalejin Bishop Herman ita ce makarantar sakandare ta maza ta Katolika ta farko da Cocin Katolika na Roman ya kafa a Yankin Volta na Ghana. Masu wa'azin Holland ne suka kafa kwalejin kuma an sanya mata suna bayan mai wa'azin Faransa, Bishop Augustine Herman, wanda ya yi aiki a Keta Diocese daga 1923 zuwa 1945.  Makarantar tana ƙarƙashin jagorancin babban cocin Ho, kuma taken makarantar shine "Sicut Miles Christi" ("A matsayin Sojojin Kristi").  Lakabin kwalejin shine BIHECO, kuma ana kiran ɗaliban BIHECANS kuma tsofaffin ɗalibai ana kiransu BHOBU (Bishop Herman Old Boys Union).

## Gidaje
Kwalejin tana da gidaje takwas (8) waɗanda ke ba da ɗaki da abinci, waɗanda aka sanya wa suna bayan Katolika Saints da Old Boys.

# Gidan St. Augustine (Gida na 1), gidan da ya fi tsufa, an sanya masa suna bayan Augustine na Hippo.
# Gidan St. Benedict (Gida na 2).
# Gidan St. Cyprian (Gida 3)
# Gidan Etu-Mantey (Gida na 4).
# Gidan St. Maurice (Gida 5)
# Gidan St. Victor (Gida 6)
# Gidan Bishop Lodonu (Gida na 7), wanda aka sanya wa suna bayan tsohon ɗalibi, Bishop Francis Anane K. Lodonu  
# Gidan Monseigneur Eleezar (Gida ta 8), gidan da aka gina kwanan nan, an sanya masa suna ne bayan Uba 'Amakpa', ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin makarantar da suka daɗe suna aiki.

## Fitattun tsofaffin ɗalibai

* Alfred Agbesi Woyome, ɗan kasuwa kuma babban memba na National Democratic Congress (Ghana)
* Jerry Kuma, mataimakin shugaban jami'ar ma'adinai da fasaha
* Giovani Caleb, talabijin da halayen rediyo
* Larry Gbevlo-Lartey, tsohon jami'in soja mai ritaya a rundunar sojin Ghana, tsohon mai kula da tsaron kasa na Ghana kuma lauya mai zaman kansa
* Fiifi Kwetey, babban sakataren jam'iyyar National Democratic Congress (Ghana) kuma tsohon dan majalisar dokoki
* Edmond Kofi Agbenutse Deh, jami'in diflomasiyya kuma ma'aikacin gwamnati
* Francis Lodonu, bishop na Katolika
* Anthony Hugh Selormey, soja, ɗan siyasa, kuma memba na Majalisar Fansar Ƙasa (NRC)
* Edem (mai rap), mawakin rap
* Camidoh, mawaƙin afrobeats
* Hon. Frank Annoh Dompreh, ɗan majalisar dokoki 
* Hon. Kofi Adams,  ɗan majalisar dokoki
* Hon. Prosper Douglas Bani,  Tsohon Shugaban Ma'aikata na Ghana kuma tsohon Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida

## Duba kuma
 

* Ilimi a Ghana
* Jerin makarantu a Ghana

## Manazarta
Edwin E. Kintner

**Edwin Earl Kintner** (1 ga Mayu, 1920 - 7 ga Mayu, 2010) ɗan Amurka ne kuma injiniya kuma kyaftin na rundunar sojin ruwan Amurka wanda ke kula da kawar da gurɓataccen hatsarin tsibirin Three Mile .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Kintner a ranar 1 ga Mayu, 1920 a birnin Paris, Ohio .   

Kintner ya kammala karatunsa da digirin BS daga Kwalejin Sojojin Ruwa ta Amurka da ke Annapolis tare da Ajin 1942 a ranar 19 ga Disamba, 1941.   Daga baya ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin gine-ginen jiragen ruwa, injiniyan teku, da kimiyyar lissafi a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts . Kintner ya kammala digirinsa na farko a fannin gine-ginen jiragen ruwa da injiniyan ruwa wanda Ascher H. Shapiro ya ba da shawara a shekarar 1946. 

Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Mataimakin Admiral Hyman G. Rickover ya zaɓi Kintner don yin aiki a cikin wata ƙungiyar sirri ta Sojojin Ruwa wadda ta ƙera na'urar gwajin da aka yi amfani da ita a cikin jirgin ruwa na farko mai amfani da makamashin nukiliya, Nautilus . Ya kammala digirinsa na biyu a fannin kimiyyar lissafi wanda ya mayar da hankali kan injiniyancin nukiliya wanda Clark Goodman ya ba da shawara a shekarar 1950.  An ɗaukaka Kintner zuwa kyaftin tun daga ranar 1 ga Yuli, 1951. 

Bayan ya yi ritaya daga Rundunar Sojan Ruwa a watan Agustan 1963,  Kintner ya yi aiki mai kyau a fannin gwamnati, inda ya yi aiki a manyan ma'aikatan Hukumar Makamashin Atomic ta Amurka (AEC) daga baya kuma ya zama shugaban shirin hadewar Ma'aikatar Makamashi, inda ya kula da gina na'urorin samar da makamashi da kuma bunkasa makamashin nukiliya a matsayin madadin tushen makamashi.

Matsayinsa na kimiyya a AEC ya haifar da shigarsa cikin shirin nukiliya na Isra'ila. Aƙalla sau biyu tsakanin 1968 da 1969, Kintner memba ne na ƙungiyar masu binciken Amurka da aka aika zuwa Isra'ila don tantance yanayin na'urar sarrafa nukiliya ta Isra'ila a Dimona. A lokacin aikin binciken, ya sami suna a matsayin mai duba ba tare da wani dalili ba. 

A shekarar 1983, an naɗa Kintner mataimakin shugaban zartarwa na Kamfanin Janar na Ayyukan Nukiliya, wanda ke da tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta nukiliya ta Three Mile Island. A matsayinsa na mataimakin shugaban zartarwa, Kintner ya kula da sauran tsaftace injinan da suka lalace kuma ya yi aiki don daidaita horo da ayyukan injinan nukiliya. A shekarar 1990, an zaɓe Kinther a Kwalejin Injiniya ta Ƙasa "saboda gagarumar gudunmawa ga ci gaban injinan tura ruwa na nukiliya, aikin samar da wutar lantarki ta nukiliya, da kuma gudanar da shirye-shiryen haɗakar maganadisu."

## Littattafan tarihi
Cohen, Avner. "Tarin Avner Cohen." Edwin E. Kintner. NPIHP, Cibiyar Masana ta Woodrow Wilson, 03 Oktoba 2013. Yanar gizo. 05 Nuwamba 2013. .

## Manazarta
Gundumar Kwahu Afram Plains ta Arewa

**Gundumar Kwahu Afram plains ta arewa** tana ɗaya daga cikin gundumomi talatin da uku a Yankin Gabas, Ghana. A da, tana cikin **[[Kwahu North District|Gundumar Kwahu North]]** wacce a wancan lokacin ta fi girma a shekarar 1988 (wanda daga baya aka fi sani da **Gundumar Afram Plains** ), har sai da aka raba yammacin gundumar don ƙirƙirar **[[Kwahu Afram Plains South District|Gundumar Kwahu Afram Plains South]]** a ranar 19 ga Yuni 2012; don haka aka sake wa sauran yankin suna zuwa **Gundumar Kwahu Afram Plains North**. Majalisar gundumar tana cikin arewacin Yankin Gabas kuma Donkorkrom shine babban birninta. Kwandon abinci ne a yankin gabas.

## Jerin matsugunai

## Manazarta
Kungiyar yaki da tauye hakkin mata

Shirin Yaki da Tauye Hakkin Mata, kungiyar ce wacce a turance Ake Kira da (No to Oppression against Women Initiative)3 da harshen Larabci ana Kiran ta da, (Larabci: مبادرة لا لقهر النساء Mubādirat Lā Liqahr al-Nisā’)4, ƙungiya ce ta kare haƙƙin mata daga ƙasar Sudan. Ƙungiyar ta kasance mai aiki a lokacin mulkin Omar al-Bashir2 kuma ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a yayin Juyin Juya Halin Sudan na shekarun 2018–2019.3

## Kafuwa
An samar da shirin Yaki da Tauye hakkin mata a shekara ta 2009 don kare hakkin mata a Sudan bayan da aka kama Lubna Ahmed al-Hussein, wata 'yar jarida 'yar kasar Sudan da ke aiki tare da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, da laifin sanya wando, wanda hukumomin shari'a suka dauka a matsayin cin zarafi da ya saba wa dokokin shari'a. An kama Hussein ne tare da wasu mata guda goma sha biyu wadanda su ma suka sa wando a wani gidan cin abinci na Khartoum. A shari'ar da aka yi a ranar 4 ga watan Agustan 2009, mata da maza dari biyu sun yi zanga-zangar nuna adawa da shari'ar kuma 'yan sandan kwantar da tarzoma sun tarwatsa ta hanyar amfani da hayaki mai sa hawaye, garkuwa da sanduna. An riga an yi wa mata goma bulala saboda sanye da wando. Ɗaya daga cikin tutocin zanga-zangar a zanga-zangar 4 ga Agusta ta nuna taken da aka ɗauka a matsayin sunan Ƙaddamarwa: "Ba za a zalunce mata ba"[5]. 

## Manazarta
Chinneylove Eze

**Chinneylove Eze Ogunje** (an haife ta a ranar 11 ga Agustan shekarar 1988)  fitacciyar furodusa ce a Najeriya, darakta, kuma 'yar kasuwa.  Fim ɗinta na farko na Nollywood shine fim ɗin 2013 *mai suna The Cartel* . A shekarar 2017, ta shirya fim ɗin da ya yi nasara *[[Hire a man|mai suna Hire a Man]]* . 

Ita ce ta kafa kuma Shugaba na Chinneylove Eze Productions kuma ta samar da fina-finai kamar Hire a Woman, Devil in Agbada, Our Date for Christmas, Maduka Daughters, da Pretty Thief .

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Eze a ranar 11 ga watan Agustan shekarar 1988 a cikin iyalin Kirista na al'adun Ibo. Ita ce ƙarama a cikin 'ya'ya mata huɗu na Mr. da Mrs. Eze kuma ta fito ne daga yankin karamar hukumar Aguata a Jihar Anambra, Najeriya.

Ta fara karatunta a makarantar Twins Nursery da Firamare kuma ta ci gaba zuwa Kwalejin ƴan mata ta Gwamnatin Tarayya, Oyo, inda ta kammala karatun sakandare. Daga baya ta halarci Jami'ar Benin, inda ta sami digiri na farko a fannin tattalin arziƙi da ƙididdiga. 

## Ayyuka da alhakin zamantakewa
Eze ta fara aikinta a Nollywood a matsayin ƴar wasan kwaikwayo kafin ta shiga cikin samar da fim. Ta fara yin fim ne a shekarar 2013 tare da The Cartel, fim din Pan-Afirka wanda ya nuna simintin daga Afirka ta Kudu, Ghana, Tanzania, da Najeriya. Fim din ya sami gabatarwa hudu a Kyautar Nollywood da kuma gabatarwa biyar a bikin fina-finai na Afirka da Academy Awards (ZAFAA). 

A shekara ta 2017, ta fara fitowa a matsayin mai gabatar da fina-finai a cikin fina-fallafin Najeriya tare da Hire a Man, fim ɗin da ya ci nasara a kasuwanci wanda ya sami gabatarwa da yawa kuma ya zama fim na Nollywood na 7 mafi girma a shekara. 

Ta ci gaba da samar da *Yuni*, wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya, a cikin 2018, kuma a cikin 2019, ta biyo baya tare da Hire a Woman, wanda ya zama ɗayan fina-finai mafi girma na Nollywood na wannan shekarar. A cikin shekara ta 2023, Eze ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya ta musamman tare da Amazon Prime bayan fitowar fina-finai biyu, Tenis Big Day da Devil in Agbada, dukansu biyu sun kasance don yawo a kan dandalin.

A watan Satumban shekarar 2023, Eze ta ba da sanarwar shirye-shiryen ƙarfafa akalla mata 150 a duk faɗin ƙasar a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙoƙarin da take yi na ba da gudummawa ga al'umma.

## Rayuwa ta mutum
A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2013, Eze ta auri Kevwe Ogunje daga Jihar Delta a wani bikin auren gargajiya. Dangi na kusa, abokai, da sanannun mutane daga Nollywood sun halarci taron, gami da Ajoke Silva, Rita Dominic, Mike Ezuruonye, Mercy Johnson, Nancy Isime, Uche Jombo, Uche Montana, Ini Edo, da Ayo Makun, da sauransu. An yi alama da bikin ta hanyar nuna launi mai ban sha'awa, tare da baƙi da suka yi ado da tufafin "aso-ebi". An haifi ɗan farko na ma'auratan a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2024.

## Hotunan da aka zaɓa

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya
* Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Chinneylove EzeaIMDb
* Chinneylove Ezea kanInstagram
Ahmad Amin

**Ahmad Amin** (Larabci: أحمد أمين), (1954-1886) masanin tarihi ne kuma marubuci ɗan ƙasar Masar . Ya rubuta jerin littattafai kan tarihin wayewar Musulunci (1928-1953), wani sanannen tarihin rayuwa ( *My Life*, 1950), da kuma wani muhimmin ƙamus na tatsuniyoyi na Masar (1953).

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Bayan kammala karatunsa a Jami'ar Al-Azhar, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai shari'a har zuwa 1926. Daga nan ya koyar da adabin Larabci a Jami'ar Alkahira, inda aka naɗa shi Shugaban Fannin Fasaha, har zuwa 1946. Ahmad Amin yana ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masana a lokacinsa: shi ne editan mujallun adabi na Al Risalah (1933) da Al Thaqafa (1939), wanda ya kafa Ladjnat al-ta'lif wa l-tardjama wa-l-nashr ("Kwamitin Fassara da Buga Littattafai"). Ya kuma ba da gudummawa ga wata mujalla mai suna Al Hilal daga 1933 zuwa rasuwarsa a 1954. [1] Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban sashen al'adu a Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Masar kafin ya jagoranci sashen al'adu na Ƙungiyar Larabawa . Ya fi shahara saboda dogon tarihinsa na al'adun Musulunci, a cikin littattafai uku ( Fajr al-islam, 1928; Duha l-islam, 1933–1936; Zuhr al-islam, 1945–1953) wanda shine yunƙurin farko na irinsa a tarihin zamani na duniyar Musulmi. Ya kuma bar tarihin rayuwarsa (Hayati, 1950) yayin da aka buga manyan labaransa a ƙarƙashin taken Fayd al-khatir .

Ya yi lacca kan tarihin adabi na Masar tsakanin shekarun 1939 da 1946.  A wannan lokacin ne Amin ya bayyana imaninsa na farko cewa Masarawa ba su ba da gudummawa ga waƙoƙin Larabci ba a zamanin Tsakiya kamar yadda sauran al'ummomin Larabawa suka yi. Ɗalibin Amin, Shawqi Daif, ya yi iƙirarin cewa ƙarancin ayyukan Masar da aka buga da kyau daga lokacin ya sa aka yanke hukunci mai tsauri, kuma ya ba da shawarar shi da Amin su sake buga sassan Masar a cikin jerin waƙoƙin zamanin.  Amin ya yarda ya rubuta gabatarwar yayin da Daif ya rubuta gabatarwar,  da abokin aikinsa Ihsan Abbas suka taimaka wa ƙungiyar wajen gyara folios ɗin don bugawa daga 1951 zuwa 1952. 

## Manazarta