Charles Sobhraj

**Hotchand Bhawnani Gurmukh Sobhraj**, 6 Afrilu 1944) ɗan ƙasar Faransa ne mai kisan kai, ɗan zamba, kuma ɓarawo wanda ya fara farautar ƴan yawon buɗe ido na Turai da ke balaguro kan hanyar hippie na Kudancin Asiya a cikin shekarun 1970s. A san shi da **Makashin masu Bikini** saboda suturar wanka da dama daga cikin wadanda ya kashe, sannan kuma mai **Rarraba Kisa** kuma **Maciji** saboda “Kwarewarsa irin na maciji na guje wa hukuma daga gano shi.

Ana tsammanin cewa Sobhraj ya kashe a kalla masu yawon bude ido mutum 20 a kudu da kudu maso gabashin Asiya, ciki har da 14 a Thailand.An yanke masa hukunci kuma aka daure shi a Indiya daga 1976 zuwa 1997. Bayan an sake shi ya koma Faransa. Sobhraj ya tafi Nepal a shekara ta 2003, inda aka kama shi, aka yi masa shari’a, aka kuma yanke masa hukuncin daurin rai da rai. A ranar 21 ga Disamba 2022, Kotun Koli ta Nepal ta ba da umarnin a sake shi daga kurkuku saboda tsufa, bayan ya yi shekaru 19 a gidan yari.A ranar 23 ga Disamba, an sake shi kuma aka kore shi zuwa Faransa.

An siffanta shi a matsayin "kyakkyawa, mai ban sha'awa kuma mai kama da masu gaskiya sosai", ya yi amfani da kamanninsa da dabarunsa don ciyar da aikinsa na aikata laifi da samun matsayi na shahara; An san shi da jin daɗin rashin mutuncinsa. Sobhraj ya fito a cikin batun tarihin rayuwa guda hudu, shirin labaran gaskiya guda uku, fim din Bollywood mai suna ''Main Aur Charles'', jerin wasan kwaikwayo na BBC/Netflix guda takwas *The Serpent* na 2021, da kuma shirin jerin fim na Netflix Indiya mai suna *Black Warrant.*

## Kuruciya
Hotchand Bhawnani Gurmukh Sobhraj an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Afrilu 1944 a Saigon, a cikin ƙungiyar Indochinese, ga mahaifin Sindhi ɗan Indiya da mahaifiya 'yar Vietnam.Wurin Haihuwar Sobhraj kasancewarsa yankin Faransanci ne ya sa ya cancanci zama ɗan ƙasar Faransa. Iyayensa ba su yi aure ba, kuma mahaifinsa ya musunta zama ubansa. Sabon mijin mahaifiyarsa, wani Laftanar a a cikin Sojojin Faransa da ke zaune a Indochina na Faransa ya ɗauke Sobhraj. An shigar da sunansa a matsayin Charles Gurmukh Sobhraj a cikin bayanan coci a 1959.A cikin sabon danginsa, yana ji cewa ba'a damu da shi ba saboda 'ya'yan da ma'auratan suka samu daga baya. Sobhraj ya ci gaba da tafiya tare danginsa a tsakanin kudu maso gabashin Asiya da Faransa.

Tun yana matashi, ya fara aikata kananan laifuka; ya samu hukuncin tsare shi na farko saboda sata a shekara ta 1963, ya yi zama a kurkukun Poissy kusa da birnin Paris.Yayin da yake tsare, Sobhraj ya yi amfani da jami’an gidan yari don ba shi tagomashi na musamman, kamar ba shi damar ajiye littattafai a dakinsa. A daidai wannan lokacin, ya sadu da son kansa ga Felix d'Escogne, wani matashi mai arziki kuma mai taimako a gidan yari.

Bayan da aka yi masa afuwa, Sobhraj ya zauna tare da d'Escogne kuma ya rayu yana yawo a tsakanin unguwannin Paris da kuma masu aikata laifuka. Ya fara tara dukiya ta hanyar sata da zamba. A wannan lokacin, Sobhraj ya hadu kuma ya fara dangantaka ta soyayya da Chantal Compagnon, wata matashiya 'yar Paris daga dangi masu ra'ayin mazan jiya. Sobhraj ya nemi auren Compagnon amma a ranar ne aka kama shi saboda yunkurin gujewa ‘yan sanda yayin da yake tuka motar sata. An yanke masa hukuncin daurin watanni takwas a gidan yari, duk da haka Chantal ta ci gaba da goyan bayansa duk tsawon hukuncin da aka yanke masa. Ya auri Compagnon bayan a sake shi. A shekara ta 1970, ya zama ɗan ƙasar Faransa ta wurin mahaifiyarsa, domin ita ƴar asalin ƙasar Vietnam ce, tsohuwar mulkin mallaka na Faransa.

Sobhraj, tare da Compagnon mai ciki, sun bar Faransa a 1970 zuwa Asiya don tserewa kama. Bayan ya zagaya Gabashin Turai da takardun bogi, yana fashin masu yawon bude ido da suka yi abota da su a hanya, Sobhraj ya isa Bombay (Mumbai) a cikin wannan shekarar. Chantal ta haifi diya mace Usha a cikin birni. A halin da ake ciki, Sobhraj ya ci gaba da aikata laifuka, yana gudanar da aikin satar mota da safarar mutane. Ribar da Sobhraj ya samu ya kai ga bullar cacar sa.

A cikin 1973, an kama Sobhraj kuma aka daure shi bayan wani yunƙurin yin fashi da makami da bai yi nasara ba a wani kantin kayan ado a The Ashok, a New Delhi. Sobhraj ya iya tserewa, tare da taimakon Compagnon, ta hanyar rashin lafiya, amma an sake kama shi jim kadan bayan haka. Sobhraj ya aro kudi don beli daga mahaifinsa, ba da jimawa ba ya gudu zuwa Kabul.A can, ma'auratan sun fara fashin masu yawon bude ido a kan hanyar hippie kuma a sake kama su. Sobhraj ya tsere kamar yadda ya yi a Indiya, yana nuna rashin lafiya kuma ya yi wa mai gadin asibitin magani. Sobhraj ya gudu zuwa Iran, ya bar iyalinsa a baya. Compagnon, ko da yake har yanzu yana biyayya ga Sobhraj, ya yi fatan barin laifin da suka aikata a baya ya koma Faransa, yana mai shan alwashin ba zai sake ganinsa ba.Sobhraj ya shafe shekaru biyu masu zuwa yana gudu, inda ya yi amfani da fasfo din sata har guda 10. Ya ratsa kasashe daban-daban na Gabashin Turai da Gabas ta Tsakiya. Sobhraj ya kasance tare da ƙanensa, André, a Istanbul. Sobhraj da André sun zama abokan aikin aikata laifuka, suna shiga cikin ayyukan laifuka daban-daban a Turkiyya da Girka. An kama mutanen biyu a Athens. Bayan wata yaudara ta canza sheka, Sobhraj yayi nasarar tserewa amma an bar dan uwansa a baya. Hukumomin Girka sun mika André ga ‘yan sandan Turkiyya inda aka yanke masa hukuncin daurin shekaru 18.

## Kisan Kai
A guje, Sobhraj ya ba da kuɗin rayuwarsa ta hanyar nuna ko dai ɗan kasuwa ne ko kuma dillalin ƙwayoyi don burgewa da abokantaka da masu yawon bude ido, waɗanda ya zamba. A Indiya, Sobhraj ya sadu da Marie-Andrée Leclerc daga Lévis, Quebec, mai yawon bude ido da ke neman kasada. Sobhraj ne ya mallake shi, Leclerc ya zama mabiyinsa mafi sadaukarwa, ya kau da kai ga laifuffukan da ya aikata da kuma yaudararsa da matan gida. Sobhraj ya tara mabiya ta hanyar samun amincin su; zamba na yau da kullun shine don taimaka wa abin da ya sa a gaba daga mawuyacin yanayi. A wani yanayi, ya taimaka wa wasu tsaffin ‘yan sandan Faransa biyu, Yannick da Jacques, su kwato fasfo din da Sobhraj da kansa ya sace. A cikin wani makirci, Sobhraj ya ba da mafaka ga wani Bafaranshe, Dominique Renelleau, wanda ya bayyana yana fama da ciwon daji; Sobhraj ya saka masa guba. Ya kasance tare da wani matashi dan kasar Indiya, Ajay Chowdhury, dan uwansa mai laifi wanda ya zama shugaba na biyu a Sobhraj.

Sobhraj da Chowdhury sun aikata kisan gilla na farko a shekara ta 1975. Yawancin wadanda aka kashen sun shafe wani lokaci tare da ma'auratan kafin mutuwarsu, kuma a cewar masu bincike, Sobhraj da Chowdhury ne suka dauko su domin su shiga cikin laifukan da suka aikata. Sobhraj ya yi iƙirarin cewa galibin kisan nasa na bazata ne da yawan maganin temazepam da tabar heroin,amma masu bincike sun bayyana cewa waɗanda abin ya shafa sun yi barazanar fallasa Sobhraj, wanda shine dalilinsa na kisan kai. Wanda aka fara azabtarwa ita ce wata budurwa daga Seattle, Teresa Knowlton (mai suna Jennie Bollivar a cikin littafin Serpentine), wacce aka same ta a nutse a cikin wani tafkin ruwa a Tekun Tailandia, sanye da bikini na fure. Bayan watanni ne binciken da Knowlton ya yi, da kuma shaidun bincike, sun tabbatar da cewa nutsewarta, wanda aka yi imanin cewa hatsarin ninkaya ne, kisan kai ne.

Wanda aka kashe na gaba shi ne wani matashin Bature Bature Bahuden Sephardic, Vitali Hakim, wanda aka tsinci gawarsa da kona a kan hanyar zuwa wurin shakatawa na Pattaya, inda Sobhraj da danginsa ke zaune. An gayyaci daliban Dutch Henk Bintanja, 29, da amaryarsa Cornelia Hemker, 25, zuwa Thailand bayan sun hadu da Sobhraj a Hong Kong.Su, kamar sauran mutane, Sobhraj ya shayar da su guba, wanda ya ba su jinya don samun biyayya. Yayin da suke murmurewa, Sobhraj ya ziyarci tsohuwar budurwar Hakimin da aka kashe a baya, Charmayne Carrou, wacce ta zo ne don bincikar bacewar saurayinta. A tsorace Sobhraj da Chowdhury suka yi da sauri Bintanja da Hemker suka fita. An gano gawarwakinsu an shake da kone a ranar 16 ga Disamba 1975. Ba da jimawa ba, an gano Carrou a nutse kuma sanye da rigar ninkaya mai kama da ta wanda aka kashe a baya Sobhraj, Teresa Knowlton. Duk da cewa kisan da aka yi wa matan biyu ba su da alaƙa da masu bincike a lokacin, amma daga baya za su sami Sobhraj a matsayin "Mai Kisan Bikini".

A ranar 18 ga Disamba, ranar da aka gano gawar Bintanja da Hemker, Sobhraj da Leclerc sun shiga Nepal ta hanyar amfani da fasfo na ma'auratan da suka mutu. Sun hadu a Nepal kuma, a tsakanin 21 zuwa 22 ga Disamba, sun kashe dan kasar Canada Laurent Carrière, 26, da Connie Jo Bronzich, 'yar Amurka, 29. Sobhraj da Leclerc sun koma Thailand, suna amfani da fasfo na baya-bayan nan kafin a iya gano gawarwakinsu. Bayan dawowarsa Thailand, Sobhraj ya gano cewa abokansa Faransa guda uku sun fara zarginsa da laifin kisan kai, bayan da suka samu takardun wadanda aka kashe. Sahabbai na Sobhraj sun gudu zuwa birnin Paris bayan sun sanar da hukumomin yankin. Wuri na gaba na Sobhraj shine ko dai Varanasi ko Calcutta, inda ya kashe masanin Isra'ila Avoni Jacob don samun fasfo na Yakubu. Sobhraj yayi amfani da fasfo din don tafiya tare da Leclerc da Chowdhury; na farko zuwa Singapore, sannan zuwa Indiya, kuma, a cikin Maris 1976, ya koma Bangkok, duk da sanin cewa hukumomin da ke can sun neme shi. 'Yan sandan Thailand sun yi wa dangin su tambayoyi game da kisan gilla amma aka sake su.

A halin yanzu, jami'in diflomasiyyar Holland Herman Knippenberg da matarsa ​​a lokacin Angela Kane suna gudanar da bincike kan kisan Bintanja da Hemker.Knippenberg yana da wasu ilimin, kuma yana yiwuwa ma ya sadu da, Sobhraj, kodayake ba a san ainihin ainihin ainihin ma'aikacin diflomasiyyar ba, wanda ya ci gaba da tattara shaidu. Tare da taimakon Nadine da Remi Gires (maƙwabtan Sobhraj), Knippenberg ya gina ƙara a kansa. Daga karshe dai an ba shi izinin ‘yan sanda ya binciki gidan Sobhraj tsawon wata daya bayan wanda ake zargin ya bar kasar. Knippenberg ya sami shaida, ciki har da takardun da abin ya shafa da fasfo, da guba da sirinji. Tashar ta gaba ta masu aikata laifuka uku ita ce Malaysia, inda aka aika Chowdhury ya saci duwatsu masu daraja. An hango Chowdhury yana kaiwa Sobhraj duwatsun. Wannan shi ne karo na karshe da aka gan shi; Ba a samu Chowdhury ko gawarsa ba. An yi imanin cewa Sobhraj ya kashe tsohon abokin aikinsa kafin ya bar Malaysia domin ya ci gaba da aikinsa da Leclerc a matsayin dillalan gem a Geneva.[16] Daga baya wata majiya ta yi ikirarin cewa ta ga Chowdhury a yammacin Jamus, amma ikirarin bai tabbata ba, don haka aka ci gaba da neman Chowdhury.

A cikin Mayu 1976, Interpol ta ba da sammacin kama Sobhraj na kasa da kasa, wanda ya tuhume shi da kisan kai hudu a Thailand.Komawa a Asiya, Sobhraj ya fara kafa sabuwar ƙungiyar masu laifi, wanda ya fara da mata biyu na Yammacin Turai, Barbara Smith da Mary Ellen Eather, a Bombay. Mutumin da Sobhraj ya kashe na gaba shi ne wani Bafaranshe, Jean-Luc Solomon, wanda aka saka masa guba a lokacin fashi. An yi wannan aika-aika ne da nufin tawayar da Suleman, amma ya kashe shi.[18] A cikin Yuli 1976 a New Delhi, Sobhraj, tare da danginsa mata uku masu aikata laifuka, ya yaudari ƙungiyar yawon shakatawa na ɗaliban Faransanci waɗanda suka kammala karatun digiri don karɓe su a matsayin jagororin yawon shakatawa. Sobhraj ya yi musu magani ta hanyar ba su kwayoyin guba, wanda ya ce masu maganin ciwon ciki ne. Lokacin da magungunan suka fara aiki da sauri fiye da yadda Sobhraj ya zato, ɗaliban sun fara faɗuwa a sume. Uku daga cikin daliban, da suka fahimci abin da Sobhraj ya aikata, suka rinjaye shi, suka tuntubi ’yan sanda, har suka kama shi. Abokan aikin Sobhraj, Smith da Eather, sun yi ikirari yayin da ake tambayoyi. An tuhumi Sobhraj da laifin kisan Solomon kuma an tura su hudu zuwa kurkukun Tihar da ke New Delhi.

## Rayuwarsa
A karshen shekara ta 2007, lauyan Sobhraj ya roki shugaban kasar Faransa na lokacin Nicolas Sarkozy don shiga tsakani da Nepal. A cikin 2008, Sobhraj ya sanar da aurensa ga wata mace 'yar Nepal, Nihita Biswas. A shekara ta 2010, ya auri wata mai Nihita Biswas, a kurkuku. Ya shaida wa lauyansa cewa tana da shekara 20 a lokacin, kuma ya girme shi da shekara 44. “Abin mamaki ne; babu wani dalilin da zai sa su yi aure,” daya daga cikin masu gadin gidan yarin ya shaida wa mujallar Paris Match a shekarar 2021. Ta shaida wa manema labarai cewa kallonsa da idanunsa na burge ta kuma salon Faransanci ya burge ta. A shekarar 2017, ta ba da gudummawar jini don ceto shi a lokacin da aka yi masa tiyata a zuciya.

## Manazarta