open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
L. J. Smith

**John Smith III** (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1980), wanda aka fi sani da **LJ**, wanda ke nufin "Little John", tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan Amurka wanda ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta tight end a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL). Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji ga Rutgers Scarlet Knights . Philadelphia Eagles ta zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyu na zaɓen NFL na 2003 .

## Rayuwa ta farko
A makarantar firamare, ya je Bartle a Highland Park. A makarantar sakandare ta Highland Park da ke Highland Park, New Jersey, Smith ya buga ƙwallon kwando da ƙwallon ƙafa. A matsayinsa na babban ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, ya buga sacks 11, tackles 143, da kuma interceptions biyar. 

## Aikin kwaleji
Ya fara wasa na shekaru huɗu, kuma ya zo na biyu a tarihin Rutgers a cikin 'yan wasan da suka yi fice, inda ya samu maki 122 a tseren yadi 1,458 da kuma bugun touchdown guda goma, wanda Marco Battaglia ne kawai ya zarce shi.

Smith ya sami lambar yabo ta All-Big East a matsayin ƙarami da babba, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin kyaftin na ƙungiyar a matsayin babban ɗalibi, inda ya jagoranci Scarlet Knights da yawan liyafa 32 a rayuwarsa, har ya kai yadi 384 da kuma bugun ƙwallo uku.

## Sana'ar ƙwararru

### Philadelphia Eagles
An zaɓi Smith ta hannun Philadelphia Eagles a zagaye na biyu na gasar NFL ta 2003.  A matsayinsa na sabon ɗan wasa, ya goyi bayan Chad Lewis, kuma ya yi liyafa sau 27 na tsawon yadi 321 da kuma touchdown guda ɗaya. Kocin Andy Reid ya yi aiki da Smith da Lewis duka a wasan da suka fafata da 'yan wasa biyu masu ƙarfi, kuma Smith ya yi liyafa sau 34, yadi 377 da touchdown sau biyar a 2004. A wannan kakar, Eagles sun isa Super Bowl XXXIX kuma Smith ya yi liyafa mai ban sha'awa a bayan yankin ƙarshe don touchdown na farko na Eagles a wasan, kodayake za su ci gaba da shan kashi a hannun New England Patriots 24–21.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
An saka Smith a cikin tallace-tallacen Chunky Soup na 2005 wanda ya nuna Donovan McNabb . Yana jin daɗin buga ƙwallon kwando kuma babban ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando ne wanda ya jawo sha'awa daga shirye-shiryen Division I da dama, ciki har da Florida State da makarantu daban-daban daga Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference. A halin yanzu yana zaune a Longport, New Jersey . A halin yanzu yana da kuma gudanar da shagon Plato's Closet a Edison, New Jersey .  Da wahayi daga mahaifiyarsa, Smith ya koma Rutgers kuma a shekarar 2016 ya kammala karatunsa na farko . 

### MANAZARTA
Fred Stolle

**Frederick Sydney Stolle**, AO  (8 ga Oktoba 1938 - 5 ga Maris 2025) ɗan wasan tennis ne na 1 na ƙasar Australiya kuma mai sharhi. An haife shi a Hornsby, New South Wales, Ostiraliya. Shi ne mahaifin tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Davis Cup na ƙasar Australia Sandon Stolle .

## Sana'a
Stolle ya shahara saboda kasancewarsa ɗan wasa namiji ɗaya tilo a tarihi da ya rasa wasannin ƙarshe na Grand Slam guda biyar na farko, sai dai ɗaya, sai Roy Emerson, wanda na biyar ya jagoranci shi da saitin biyu don ƙauna. Duk da haka, Stolle ya ci gaba da lashe kofuna biyu na gasar Grand Slam, Gasar Faransa ta 1965 da Gasar Amurka ta 1966.  A gasar Wimbledon da Gasar Australia, ya kammala a matsayin wanda ya zo na biyu a waɗannan gasa kuma ya sha kashi a hannun ɗan ƙasarsa Roy Emerson a wasanni biyar ba ƙasa da haka ba. Mujallar *Tennis ta Duniya* ta sanya Stolle a matsayin ɗan wasa na 1 a duniya a 1966. 

A matsayinsa na memba na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Australiya, Stolle ta lashe gasar Davis Cup a 1964, [1] 1965 da 1966. [2] A shekarar 1964, an dakatar da Stolle da Emerson na ɗan lokaci daga ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Australiya saboda sun yi rangadin ƙasashen waje don yin watsi da umarnin da ƙungiyar Lawn Tennis ta Australiya ta bayar na ci gaba da zama a Australiya har zuwa watan Afrilu.

Stolle ya zama ƙwararre a shekarar 1966,  kuma a matsayinsa na ƙwararre, ya lashe gasar waƙa guda biyu da kuma gasar ninkaya sau 13. Ya sami kyautar dala $500,000 a fannin sana'a. 

## Daga baya rayuwa da mutuwa
Shekaru da yawa, Stolle yana yin sharhin talabijin ga ESPN da sauran shirye-shiryen wasan tennis. Ya bayar da sharhi kan gasar tennis ta Grand Slam ta Fox Sports ta Australia da Nine Network .

Stolle ya mutu sakamakon cutar kansa a Palm Desert, California, a ranar 5 ga Maris 2025, yana da shekaru 86.     

### MANAZARTA
George Lowe

George Edward Lowe (10 ga Nuwamba, 1957 – 2 ga Maris, 2025) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na muryar Amurka kuma ɗan barkwanci wanda rawar muryarsa ta haɗa da Space Ghost a cikin shirin mai rai na Space Ghost Coast zuwa Coast da kuma fim ɗinsa na Cartoon Planet . [1] Ya ci gaba da yin wa Space Ghost waƙa a cikin wasu shirye-shirye na tsawon shekaru da dama bayan kammala shirin. Lowe ya yi ta fitowa a cikin muryarsa a Aqua Teen Hunger Force da Robot Chicken

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haife shi a Dunedin, Florida, a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 1957,   Lowe ya girma a kusa da Brooksville .  Yana da shekaru 15, Lowe ya sami aikin rediyo na farko a tashar rediyo ta gida WWJB .   Ya kammala karatunsa daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Hernando a 1975 kuma ya halarci Cibiyar Injiniyan Rediyo ta Sarasota da Kwalejin Al'umma ta Pasco–Hernando . 

## Sana'a

### Fatalwar Sararin Samaniya
Lowe ya yi aikin murya lokaci-lokaci ga TBS a ƙarshen shekarun 1980 da farkon shekarun 1990, da kuma yin amfani da murya lokaci-lokaci ga Cartoon Network a tsakiyar shekarun 1990. Aikin Lowe a matsayin ɗan wasan murya ya fara ne a hukumance a shekarar 1994 tare da fara wasan *Space Ghost Coast zuwa Coast*, inda ya fito a matsayin babban jarumin Space Ghost . *Space Ghost Coast zuwa Coast* ya kammala shekaru goma na sabbin shirye-shirye a Cartoon Network/Adult Swim a shekarar 2004, kuma an farfado da shi a GameTap na tsawon shekaru biyu a tsakanin 2006–2008 don ƙarin shirye-shirye 16.

### MANAZARTA
Ivan Wolffers

**Ivan Norbert Wolffers** (17 ga Mayu 1948 - 7 ga Oktoba 2022) marubuci ne, likita kuma farfesa ɗan ƙasar Holland. A shekarun 1970, Wolffers yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka fara rubutu game da likitoci da masana'antar harhada magunguna. Ya ƙarfafa masu karatunsa su yi tunani game da lafiyarsu. 

Wolffers ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1975. Ya rubuta wani rubutu na yau da kullun game da magunguna a cikin jaridar ƙasa ta de Volkskrant . Ya yi ritaya a matsayin likitan gabaɗaya. Da rubuce-rubucensa, yana son isa ga mutane da yawa, ba wai kawai "mutum ɗaya" a matsayin likitan gabaɗaya ba. Vrij Nederland ya yaba masa a matsayin "likitan janar mafi shahara a Netherlands". Ɗaya daga cikin manyan nasarorin da ya samu shine littafinsa "Medicijnen" (wanda aka fassara: Magunguna). Littafin ya ƙunshi bayanai na gaskiya da labarai. Misali, irin ƙoƙarin da ake ɗauka don shawo kan likitoci, saboda matsin lambar masana'antar magunguna, cewa tsofaffin magunguna masu rahusa wani lokacin suna da kyau. An buga shi a shekarar 1977 kuma an sayar da sama da kwafi miliyan ɗaya. Tare da kowace sabuwar bugu, littafin ya yi kauri kuma a shekarar 2006 ya fi shafuka dubu.

Wolffers ya mutu a Bilthoven a ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 2022, yana da shekaru 74. 

## Manazarta sun
Pat Ingoldsby

**Patrick Ingoldsby**  (25 ga Agusta 1942 – 1 ga Maris 2025)  mawaki ne kuma mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen talabijin na Ireland. Ya dauki nauyin shirye-shiryen talabijin na yara, ya rubuta wasannin kwaikwayo na dandamali da na rediyo, ya buga littattafai na gajerun labarai kuma marubuci ne a jaridar. Daga tsakiyar shekarun 1990, ya janye daga kafofin watsa labarai kuma an fi saninsa da tarin waƙoƙinsa, da kuma sayar da su a titunan Dublin (yawanci a titin Westmoreland ko College Green ).   

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Ingoldsby a Malahide, Dublin a ranar 25 ga Agusta 1942.  Ya tsira daga cutar shan inna ta yara kuma ya sha wahala sakamakonta a tsawon rayuwarsa.   Marubuciyar wasan kwaikwayo Maeve Ingoldsby ita ce 'yar uwarsa ta biyu. 

A shekarun 1980, Ingoldsby ya dauki nauyin shirye-shiryen talabijin na yara na RTÉ masu suna *Pat's Hat*, *Pat's Chat*, da *Pat's Pals* . Wasannin sa sun hada *da Bats or Booze or Both* (Dublin, Project Arts Centre, 1977); *Hisslelf* (Dublin, Peacock Theatre, 1978); *Rhymin' Simon* (Peacock Theatre, 1978); *When Am I Getting' Me Clothes* (Peacock Theatre, 1978); *Yeukface the Yeuk and the Spotty Grousler* (Peacock, 1982); da *The Full Shilling* (Dublin, Gaeity Theatre, 1986). A farkon shekarun 1990, yana da shafi a cikin *Evening Press* (wani jaridar Irish ta ƙasa da ta daina aiki). Daga baya an tattara waɗannan ginshiƙai a cikin *The Peculiar Sensation of Being Irish* . Ingoldsby ƙwararren mai magana ne na Irish kuma ya haɗa da wasu waƙoƙi da aka rubuta da Irish a cikin kowane littafin waƙa. Ya zauna a Clontarf a Dublin. A wani lokaci a tsakiyar shekarun 1990, ya janye daga talabijin, rediyo da wasan kwaikwayo, maimakon haka ya sadaukar da ƙoƙarinsa ga waƙoƙi. Duk da haka ya ci gaba da kasancewa cikin fagen fasaha na Ireland, wani lokacin yana buɗe nunin fasaha, gabatar da sabbin mawaƙa na wancan lokacin kamar David Gray ko ƙaddamar da littattafan wasu mutane.    Ya buga kansa ta hanyar Willow Publications, wanda ya kafa a 1994.  Wasu daga cikin littattafansa, daga 1998, suna ɗauke da bayanin cewa " *Bratislava Accord 1993, sashe na 2 cre/009 manifest-minsk* " sun kare su, waɗanda aka yi zargin sharuɗɗan sun kare abubuwan da ke cikin littattafansa daga shiga cikin "littattafan makaranta", "jarrabawa", "azuzuwan magana" da "duk wani abu da ke ɗauke da kalmar 'Arts' a ciki".  A lokacin ƙaruwar amfani da wayoyin hannu cikin sauri, ya bayar da ayyukan "Euthanasia Wayar Salula" a titunan Dublin, inda zai lalata wayoyi ga masu su. &#x5B; ** &#x5D; Ingoldsby ya yi ritaya daga sayar da littattafansa a titunan Dublin a shekarar 2015. 

A watan Maris na 2022, Gidan Tarihi na Adabi na Ireland (MoLI) ya ɗauki nauyin shirya bidiyo don nuna fitowar sabon kundin tarihin Ingoldsby, In Dublin They Really Tell You Things — Pat Ingoldsby, Zaɓaɓɓun Waƙoƙi 1986–2021 .

Ingoldsby ya mutu a ranar 1 ga Maris 2025, a wani gidan kula da tsofaffi da ke Clontarf, Dublin yana da shekaru 82. 

### MANAZARTA
Richard Norton (mai wasan kwaikwayo)

Richard Norton (6 ga Janairu 1950 - 30 Maris 2025) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na yaƙi na Australiya, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, mai wasan kwaikwayo, mai tsara wasannin kwaikwayo, mai ba da shawara kan tsaro kuma mai tsara wasannin yaƙi . Ya riƙe Belt ɗin Black Bel na 5 a Gōjū-ryū karate, Belt ɗin Black Bel na 6 a Jiu-Jitsu na Brazil, Belt ɗin Black Bel na 8 a Chun Kuk Do, da kuma matsayi na Level 6 a American Kickboxing . Bayan kammala karatun sakandare, Norton ya yi aiki a matsayin mai tsaron gida a harkar nishaɗi kafin ya ci gaba da aikin wasan kwaikwayo.

Norton ya fito a matsayin mai tsaron gida a fim ɗin ABBA na shekarar 1977, yayin da suke rangadin ƙasarsa ta asali, Ostiraliya. Bai yi wani jawabi mai sauƙi ba.

Fim ɗinsa na farko a fim ɗin Chuck Norris ya fito ne a fim ɗin 1980 *mai suna The Octagon*, kuma ya yi aiki a fina-finai sama da 80 da shirye-shiryen talabijin.  Ya fito a fina-finan yaƙi da dama, inda ya fafata da taurari kamar Jackie Chan, Sammo Hung, Yasuaki Kurata, Benny Urquidez, Don Wilson da Cynthia Rothrock, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai horar da mawakan yaƙi don manyan waƙoƙi kamar *The Condemned* (2007), *Mad Max: Fury Road* (2015),  (2016),  (2019) da  (2021).

## Rayuwar farko da horo
An haifi Norton a unguwar Croydon da ke Melbourne, Ostiraliya a ranar 6 ga Janairu, 1950.  Ya fara karatun Judo yana da shekaru 11, daga baya ya fara karatun karate na Gōjū-ryū, inda ya sami belin baƙar fata yana da shekaru 17. A shekarar 1970, Bob Jones ya ɗauke shi aiki a matsayin babban malami a makarantar dojo ta Melbourne, wadda daga baya ta rikide ta zama Zen Do Kai, yayin da kuma yake aiki a matsayin mai gadi.  

Ya yi horo tare da Tino Ceberano, Tadashi Yamashita, Fumio Demura, Bill 'Superfoot' Wallace, Jean-Jacques Machado da Chuck Norris .

## Sana'a
Norton ya shiga harkar nishaɗi a matsayin mai tsaron gida na ƙungiyar The Rolling Stones, Linda Ronstadt,  James Taylor, David Bowie,  ABBA,  John Belushi, Fleetwood Mac da Stevie Nicks .

Richard Norton ya auri jarumar Australiya Judy Green a shekarar 1993. 

A ranar 30 ga Maris 2025, matar Norton ta sanar a shafukan sada zumunta cewa ya mutu a safiyar ranar a Melbourne. Yana da shekaru 75.  

### MANAZARTA
Charlie Curnow

**Charles Curnow** (an haife shi a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 1997) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Australiya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin babban ɗan wasan gaba ga Sydney Swans a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Australian Football League (AFL). Ya taɓa buga wasanni 149 ga Carlton tsakanin 2016 da 2025.

An yaba masa sosai saboda rinjayensa da kuma kwazonsa na 'yan wasa,  Curnow ya lashe kyautar Coleman sau biyu, wanda aka bai wa babban mai tsaron raga a kakar wasa ta gida da ta waje. An sanya sunansa a cikin ƙungiyar All-Australian sau biyu, kuma shi ne babban mai tsaron raga na Carlton sau biyar.

Carlton ne ya zaɓi Curnow da ɗan wasa na 12 a cikin zaɓen ƙasa na 2015. Bayan ya sha fama da raunuka da dama a gwiwa wanda ya sa ya yi jinya na tsawon lokaci tsakanin 2019 da 2021,  ya yi nasarar dawowa a 2022, inda ya sake kafa kansa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasan gaba na gasar kafin a sayar da shi ga Sydney Swans a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2025. Babban ɗan'uwansa, Ed Curnow, shi ma ya buga wa Carlton wasa.

## Rayuwa ta farko
Curnow ya girma a gonar sha'awa a Bellbrae, Victoria, kusa da Geelong. Yana ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'ya biyar da iyayensu Dave da Cassie Curnow suka haifa.

Curnow ya halarci Kwalejin Geelong don karatunsa kuma ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 18 a matakin jiha a gasar Geelong Falcons a gasar TAC. Shekarar da ya yi a matsayin ɗan wasa a gasar a shekarar 2015 ta katse shi sosai sakamakon raunin da ya samu a gwiwarsa, wanda hakan ke nufin bai buga gasar cin kofin ƙasa ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 18 ba.[undefined] Duk da cewa ya buga wasanni kaɗan, ƙwarewarsa ta motsa jiki da kuma damarsa ta sa ya ci gaba da zama babban ɗan wasa.[1]

## Sana'a
Carlton ne ya zaɓi Curnow da zaɓen da ya yi na sha biyu a zaɓen ƙasa na 2015.

### Carlton (2016–2025)

#### 2016–2018: Shekarun farko da kuma ci gaba
Curnow ya fara buga wasa a zagaye na biyu na kakar wasa ta 2016 da Sydney Swans a filin wasa na Docklands. Ya buga wasanni shida a shekararsa ta farko.

Kakar wasa ta 2017 ta nuna shekarar da Curnow ya fara fitowa, inda ya buga wasanni 21, inda ya samu matsakaicin kwallaye sama da 14, sannan ya zura kwallaye 20. Kwallo da ya ci a wasansa da Melbourne a zagaye na 16 ta sa ya zama dan wasan Rising Star.  Sau da yawa ana juya shi tsakanin matsayin gaba da kuma matsayin reshe. Ya kuma samu damar shiga cikin tawagar 'yan kasa da shekara 22 a kakar wasa ta farko cikin shekaru biyu a jere.

A shekarar 2018, Curnow ya buga wasanni 20 kuma ya zura kwallaye 34, wanda hakan ya ba shi kyautar farko ta mai tsaron raga a Carlton. An karrama shi a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi kyawun 'yan wasan kungiyar, inda ya kare a matsayi na uku a gasar John Nicholls Medal  kuma ya samu damar lashe gasar karo na biyu a jere tsakanin 'yan kasa da shekara 22. Ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita kwantiragin shekaru hudu, inda ya yi alkawarin ci gaba da zama a kungiyar har zuwa 2023.

## Manazarta
Gene Winfield

**Roger Eugene Winfield** (16 ga Yuni, 1927 - 4 ga Maris, 2025) ɗan Amurka ne mai kera motoci kuma mai ƙera su.  A tsakiyar shekarun 1960, ƙirarsa ta jawo hankalin al'ummar fim, wanda ya haifar da tarin ayyukansa da suka bayyana a allon, ciki har da fim ɗin *Blade Runner mai suna 1982.*

## Rayuwar farko
 
An haifi Winfield a Springfield, Missouri, a shekarar 1927.  Iyalinsa sun ƙaura zuwa Modesto, California, a shekarar 1929, inda ya girma.  Ya fara fuskantar motoci lokacin da babban ɗan'uwansa, Glenn, ya buɗe wani fili mai lalacewa .  A shekarar 1942, ya sayi motarsa ta farko akan dala $75, motar Ford coupé ta 1928, kuma nan da nan ya ƙara eriya ta rediyo mai foxtail, duk da cewa ba ta da rediyo.  Daga baya a wannan shekarar, 'yan'uwan sun buɗe Winfield Used Cars a Modesto.  Motarsa ta biyu ita ce Ford ta 1930, wacce ke aiki da flathead na 1937. 

Winfield ya yi aiki a rundunar sojin ruwan Amurka daga 1944 zuwa 1945 da kuma a rundunar sojin Amurka daga 1949 zuwa 1951. A lokacin aikinsa na soja, ya yi aiki a Japan, inda ya yi hulɗa da wani mai walda wanda ya koya masa wannan sana'a. 

## Sana'a
A shekarar 1951, Winfield ya fara sha'awar tseren mota, inda ya tuka 135. A cikin motar Ford Model T ("The Thing") a Bonneville Speedway . [1] Ba da daɗewa ba ya buɗe Shagon Keɓaɓɓen Winfield a Modesto, tare da sabon salo na zane na musamman, yana ɓoye launuka biyu na alewa tare, wanda aka kira "The Winfield Fade".

Auren Winfield da Delores Johnson da Kathy Horrigan ya ƙare da saki.  Yana da 'ya'ya huɗu: Biyu daga aurensa na farko, ɗaya daga na biyu, ɗayan kuma daga wata dangantaka. 

A ranar 17 ga Fabrairu, 2025, Kamfanin Winfield's Custom Shop ya sanar a shafinsa na Instagram cewa Winfield yana da wani nau'in ciwon daji da ba a bayyana ba, wanda daga baya aka ruwaito cewa melanoma ne.   Ya mutu sakamakon cutar a wani gidan kula da marasa lafiya da ke Atascadero, California, a ranar 4 ga Maris, 2025, yana da shekaru 97.  

An girmama Winfield a matsayin "Sarkin Kustoms", an nuna shi a cikin DVD na farko a cikin wani shiri mai suna *Sarakunan Kustoms* . Shirin shirin yana nuna nau'ikan masu kera motoci daban-daban, kamar VooDoo Larry daga Chicago, Illinois, da Alex Gambino na San Jose, California. 

### MANAZARTA
Roy Ayers

**Roy Edward Ayers Jr.** (Satumba 10, 1940 - Maris 4, 2025) ɗan Amurka ne mai sautin vibraphon, mai shirya rikodin, kuma mawaƙi.  Ayers ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mawaƙin jazz bayan bop, yana fitar da kundin waƙoƙi da yawa tare da Atlantic Records, kafin ya yi aiki a Polydor Records tun daga shekarun 1970, inda ya taimaka wajen fara jazz-funk .  Ya kasance babban mutum a cikin ƙungiyar jazz mai suna acid,  kuma an siffanta shi da "The Godfather of Neo Soul ".  An fi saninsa da waƙoƙinsa " Everybody Loves the Sunshine ", "Running Away", da "Freaky Deaky" da sauransu waɗanda aka tsara a shekarun 1970.  A wani lokaci, an saka Ayers cikin masu yin waƙoƙin da rap suka fi gwada waƙarsu. 

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Roy Edward Ayers Jr. a Los Angeles a ranar 10 ga Satumba, 1940.   Ya girma a cikin dangin mawaka, inda mahaifinsa ke buga trombone kuma mahaifiyarsa ke buga piano.  Lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, Lionel Hampton ya ba shi mallets na farko na vibraphone.  Yankin Los Angeles da Ayers ya girma a ciki, South Park (wanda daga baya aka sani da South Central ), yana tsakiyar fagen kiɗan Kudancin California Baƙar fata .  Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Thomas Jefferson wanda ya kafa wani ɓangare na wasan jazz na Central Avenue .   A lokacin makarantar sakandare, Ayers ya rera waƙa a cikin ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta coci  kuma ya jagoranci wata ƙungiya mai suna Latin Lyrics, inda ya buga guitar da piano na ƙarfe .  Makarantar sakandare ta Thomas Jefferson, ta samar da mawaƙa masu hazaka daban-daban, kamar Dexter Gordon .

## Sana'a

### Shekarun 1960-1980
Ayers ya fara yin rikodi a matsayin ɗan wasan bebop a shekarar 1962. A shekarar 1963, ya fitar da kundin waƙoƙinsa na farko a ɗakin studio, wanda ya ƙunshi haɗin gwiwa da mai rubuta saxophon Curtis Amy . [1] Ya shahara lokacin da ya bar Kwalejin Birnin Los Angeles [2] ya kuma shiga ƙwararren mai rubuta jazz Herbie Mann a shekarar 1966.

A farkon shekarun 1970, Ayers ya kafa ƙungiyarsa ta Roy Ayers Ubiquity, sunan da ya zaɓa domin yanayin zama a ko'ina a lokaci guda. 

Ayers ya auri matarsa Argerie a farkon shekarun 1970 kuma tare suka haifi 'ya'ya uku.   Ya kuma haifi ɗa, marubuci Nabil Ayers, tare da wata mata da ta nemi haihuwa ba tare da wata matsala ba.    'Yarsa Ayana ita ma ta kula da shi kwanan nan har zuwa mutuwarsa. 

Ayers ya mutu a wani asibiti da ke Manhattan, New York, a ranar 4 ga Maris, 2025, yana da shekaru 84, bayan ya yi fama da doguwar rashin lafiya.   

### MANAZARTA
Mia Love

**Ludmya** " **Mia** " **Love** ( née **Bourdeau** ; Disamba 6, 1975 - Maris 23, 2025) ƙwararriyar mai sharhi kan siyasa ce kuma 'yar siyasa 'yar Amurka wadda ta yi aiki a matsayin wakilin Amurka a gundumar majalisa ta 4 ta Utah daga 2015 zuwa 2019. Mamba ce a Jam'iyyar Republican, ita ce 'yar Haiti ta farko da aka zaɓa zuwa Majalisa, Baƙar fata ta farko da aka zaɓa zuwa Majalisa daga Utah, kuma mace baƙar fata ta farko 'yar Republican da aka zaɓa zuwa Majalisa. 

An haife ta ne ga iyayen Haiti a gundumar Brooklyn ta birnin New York kuma ta girma a Connecticut, Love ta kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Hartford . An zaɓe ta magajin garin Saratoga Springs, Utah, a shekarar 2010,  bayan ta taɓa yin aiki a Majalisar Birni. Ta yi jawabi a Babban Taron Jam'iyyar Republican na 2012. A wannan shekarar, ta tsaya takarar Majalisar Wakilai a gundumar 4 ta Majalisar Dokokin Utah, inda ta sha kaye kaɗan ga wakilin Jam'iyyar Democrat na Amurka Jim Matheson . Ta sake tsayawa takarar Majalisar Wakilai kuma aka zaɓe ta a shekarar 2014, inda ta kayar da abokin hamayyarta na Democrat Doug Owens ; ta kayar da Owens a karo na biyu don lashe zaɓe a shekarar 2016. Bayan ta sha kaye a zaɓen da aka yi a shekarar 2018 ga Ben McAdams na Democrat da ƙuri'u 694, CNN ta ɗauki Love aiki a matsayin mai sharhi kan siyasa a shekarar 2019.  Love ta mutu sakamakon glioblastoma a ranar 23 ga Maris, 2025. 

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Love Ludmya Bourdeau a ranar 6 ga Disamba, 1975, a gundumar Birnin New York da ke Brooklyn . Ita 'yar Mary ce da Jean Maxime Bourdeau.   da ake cikin matsin lamba na siyasa, iyayenta sun yi ƙaura tare daga Haiti a shekarar 1973, inda suka bar manyan 'ya'yansu biyu tare da iyali.   Mahaifinta ya fuskanci barazana daga Tonton Macoute *,* 'yan sandan sirri a Haiti, kuma iyayenta sun yi tafiya zuwa Amurka bisa izinin yawon buɗe ido.  Ba su jin Turanci lokacin da suka isa. Mahaifinta ya zama manajan kamfanin fenti, kuma mahaifiyarta tana aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya. 

Haihuwar Love ta ba wa iyayenta damar samun izinin zama a Amurka a ƙarƙashin dokar shige da fice wadda ta fifita baƙi daga Yammacin Duniya waɗanda suka haifi ɗa a Amurka; dokar ta ƙare a watan Janairun 1976, kwanaki 25 kacal bayan haihuwar Love. [1] [2] [3] Daga baya suka zama 'yan ƙasa na asali.

## Mutuwa
A watan Fabrairun 2022, an gano cewa Love tana da glioblastoma, wani nau'in ciwon daji na kwakwalwa, kuma likitoci sun yi hasashen cewa tana da watanni goma zuwa goma sha biyar don rayuwa.  An yi mata tiyata, wadda ta cire kashi 95% na ciwon. Zuwa watan Agusta na 2023, an yi mata gwajin asibiti na immunotherapy . A wannan lokacin ciwon ya fara raguwa.  ] A ranar 1 ga Maris, 2025, 'yar Love ta sanar a shafukan sada zumunta cewa maganin ba shi da tasiri a kan ciwon, kuma iyalin suna "daga magani zuwa jin daɗin sauran lokacin da suka rage tare da ita".  Mia Love ta mutu a gidanta a ranar 23 ga Maris, 2025, tana da shekaru 49.  An yi bikin tunawa da ita a ranar 7 ga Afrilu, 2025, a Salt Lake City . 

#### MANAZARTA
Sashen Kounahiri

Sashen Kounahiri sashe ne na yankin Béré a gundumar Woroba, Ivory Coast. A cikin 2021, yawanta ya kai 101,111 kuma wurin zama shine mazaunin Kounahiri. Karamar hukuman sashen sune Kongasso da Kounahiri.

## Tarihi
An ƙirƙiri Sashen Kounahiri a shekarar 2005 a matsayin wani yanki na mataki na biyu ta hanyar rabuwar kai daga Sashen Mankono .  A lokacin ƙirƙirarsa, yana cikin Yankin Worodougou .

A shekarar 2011, an gabatar da gundumomi a matsayin sabbin ƙananan hukumomi na Ivory Coast. A lokaci guda, an sake tsara yankuna kuma suka zama ƙananan hukumomi na mataki na biyu kuma dukkan sassan an mayar da su zuwa ƙananan hukumomi na mataki na uku. A wannan lokacin, Sashen Kounahiri ya zama wani ɓangare na Yankin Béré a Gundumar Woroba.

## Manazarta
Frank Crawford (mai wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Australiya)

**Francis Bartlett Crawford** (7 Yuni 1887 - 3 Yuli 1943) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Australiya wanda ya buga wasa da Jami'a a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Victorian (VFL).

## Ilimi
Ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Geelong.

## Kwallon kafa
Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta VFL yayin da yake karatun likitanci a Jami'ar Melbourne.

## Likitan da ke aiki a asibiti
Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya yi aiki a Launceston da Ballarat kafin ya fara aiki a Erin St, Richmond.[1]

## Manazarta
Bill Cook (ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, an haife shi a shekara ta 1937)

**Bill Cook** (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga Mayu 1937) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Australiya wanda ya buga wasa da Geelong a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Victorian (VFL).[1]

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Bill Cook's playing statistics from AFL Tables
* Bill Cook at AustralianFootball.com
Ayce Cordy

**Ayce Cordy** (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Agusta 1990) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Australiya wanda ya buga wa ƙungiyar Western Bulldogs wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Australiya (AFL). Ƙungiyar Bulldogs ta yi amfani da zaɓin zagaye na farko, na 14 gaba ɗaya, don tabbatar da Cordy bayan da St Kilda ta yi tayin zaɓen zagaye na farko (zaɓi na 13) a gare shi. Mahaifin Cordy, Brian, ya buga wasanni 124 ga Bulldogs a shekarun 1980. Ɗan'uwansa, Zaine, a halin yanzu yana bugawa ƙungiyar Saints wasa. Ya buga wasanni 27 ga ƙungiyar Western Bulldogs, Cordy an cire shi daga jerin 'yan wasa a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2015.

Cordy ya ketare zuwa Williamstown a gasar VFL bayan an cire shi daga jerin 'yan wasa, duk da cewa ya riga ya buga wa Williamstown wasa daga 2009-13 yayin da yake cikin jerin 'yan wasan Western Bulldogs a matsayin wani ɓangare na daidaito tsakanin ƙungiyoyin biyu. Ya buga wa Williamstown wasa a 2016-2017 kafin ya koma Jami'ar Melbourne a 2018. Cordy ya buga jimillar wasanni 75 kuma ya zura kwallaye 81 a raga wa Williamstown.

## Manazarta
Harmen Wind

**Harmen Wind** ( Leeuwarden, 24 ga Disamba 1945 – Doesburg, 1 ga Oktoba 2010) mawaki ne kuma marubuci ɗan ƙasar Holland. Wind ya girma a Oldeboorn kuma ya zauna a Doesburg . A matsayinsa na marubuci, ya buga duka a cikin Yaren mutanen Holland da Frisian .

## Sana'a
A cikin 2002, De Arbeiderspers ya buga *Het verzet*. 

A cikin 2013, an buga *Rekkenskip*. 

A ranar 30 ga Nuwamba 2015, an zaɓi waƙoƙin Wind, tare da Albertina Soepboer, Arjen Hut, Bartle Lavermann, Sannemaj Betten, Wilco Berga, A. de Tollenaar, C. Budding, HH ter Balk da Loet Hin, don wakiltar adabin Frisian a Malta.

## Kyaututtuka
Ya lashe kyaututtuka da dama saboda aikinsa na adabi:

* 1987: Fedde Schurerpriis na *Ut ein*
* 2003: Debutantenprijs don *Het verzet*
* 2006: Rink van der Veldepriis don *It ferset*

## Manazarta
Kitty Dukakis

Katharine Dickson Dukakis  ( / d ʊˈkɑːkɪs / duu - KAH - duu- ; née Dickson ; Disamba 26, 1936 - Maris 21, 2025) marubuciya ce kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a ta Amurka, wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin Uwargidan Shugaban Kasa ta Massachusetts daga 1975 zuwa 1979 da 1983 zuwa 1991, a matsayin matar Gwamnan Massachusetts, Michael Dukakis (wanda ya kasance ɗan takarar Jam'iyyar Democrat a matsayin shugaban ƙasa a 1988 ).

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi

An haifi Dukakis **Katharine Virginia Dickson** a ranar 26 ga Disamba, 1936, a Cambridge, Massachusetts, 'yar Jane (née Goldberg) da Harry Ellis Dickson.  Kakannin kakanninta Yahudawa ne na Rasha . Mahaifiyarta an haife ta ne ga mahaifin Katolika ɗan ƙasar Ireland kuma mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Hungary, kuma dangin Yahudawa 'yan asalin Jamus ne suka ɗauke ta.     Mahaifinta memba ne na sashin goge na farko na Boston Symphony Orchestra na tsawon shekaru 49 kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban ƙungiyar makaɗa ta Boston Pops . 

## Sana'a
Kitty Dukakis ita ce Uwargidan Shugaban Kasa ta Massachusetts daga 1975 zuwa 1979, kuma daga Janairu 1983 zuwa Janairu 1991. Ta yi ofis a Fadar Gwamnatin Massachusetts, kuma sau da yawa tana ziyartar ofishin mijinta don neman ra'ayinsa kan ayyukan da ta yi.  

### Daga baya rayuwa da mutuwa
Dukakis ya fito a cikin shirin gaskiya na shekarar 2008 akan Lee Atwater, *Boogie Man: The Lee Atwater Story* . 

Dukakis ta mutu a gidanta da ke Brookline, Massachusetts, a ranar 21 ga Maris, 2025, tana da shekaru 88, sakamakon matsalolin da suka shafi cutar hauka .  

### MANAZARTA
E. E. V. Collocott

**Ernest Edgar Vyvyan Collocott** (7 ga Yuni 1886 - 9 ga Oktoba 1970) wani mai wa'azin addinin Methodist ne na Australiya, masanin ilimin ƙabilanci kuma mai fafutukar zaman lafiya. An san shi da ayyukansa na ilimin ƙabilanci a Tonga, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin mai wa'azi tsakanin 1911 da 1924.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Collocott a ranar 7 ga Yuni, 1886 a Northcote, Victoria. Shi ɗan Alice Jane (ɗan Bickford) ne da Alfred John Collocott, wani mai wa'azin Methodist a Fiji. Babban ɗan'uwansa shine Harold Collocott. 

Collocott ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Geelong inda ya yi karatunsa a shekarar 1902. Ya ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Melbourne, inda ya kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin Fasaha a shekarar 1907 da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin Fasaha a shekarar 1909 da lambar yabo a fannin ilimin falsafa na gargajiya. Daga baya ya kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin Allahntaka ta hanyar wasiku ta Jami'ar London a shekarar 1916 kuma Melbourne ta ba shi digiri na uku a fannin Wasiku a shekarar 1928.[1]

## Tonga
Bayan wani lokaci yana malamin makaranta, Collocott ya shiga hidimar Methodist kuma aka tura shi Tonga a shekarar 1911. Da farko an tura shi zuwa tsibirin Haʻapai kafin ya zama shugaban Kwalejin Tupou a shekarar 1915. Ya kula da ƙaura da kwalejin daga Nukuʻalofa zuwa Nafualu a shekarar 1921, ya koma Ostiraliya a shekarar 1924 saboda rashin lafiyar iyalinsa.

Collocott ya nuna sha'awarsa sosai ga tarihi da al'adun mutanen Tonga. Ya rubuta game da tatsuniyoyi, tatsuniyoyi, harsuna, al'adu da ilmin taurari na Tonga. Ya kuma taimaka wa masana ilimin ɗan adam na Amurka Edward Winslow Gifford da William C. McKern da ayyukansu a Tonga tare da haɗin gwiwar Gidan Tarihi na Bishop. Collocott shi ne mutum na farko da ya fara bayyana zuwan Daular Tuʻi Tonga zuwa 950 AD, ta amfani da tarihin tarihi na zamanin da. Bayan ya koma Ostiraliya, ya buga *Koe Ta'u'e Teau* (1926) da *Tatsuniyoyi da Waƙoƙi na Tonga* (1928), da kuma yin wa'azi kan al'adun Tonga da kuma fara tarihin Turanci na Tonga. Tare da *Tatsuniyoyi da Tatsuniyoyi na Tonga* na Gifford (1924), an bayyana *Tatsuniyoyi da Waƙoƙi* a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan tarin tatsuniyoyi guda biyu na Tonga.

## Manazarta
Zaine Cordy

**Zaine Cordy** (an haife shi a ranar 27 ga Oktoba, 1996) tsohuwar ƙwararriyar 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Australiya wadda ta buga wa Western Bulldogs da St Kilda wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Australiya (AFL). An zaɓi Cordy a matsayin wanda zai yi takarar uba da ɗa ta Western Bulldogs, inda aka zaɓe shi a matsayin wanda zai yi takarar a gasar AFL ta 2014.  Shi ɗan tsohon ɗan wasan Bulldogs ne Brian Cordy, ɗan'uwan tsohon ɗan wasan Bulldogs Ayce Cordy, kuma ɗan'uwan ɗan jaridar wasanni kuma tsohon ɗan wasan Sydney Swans da Western Bulldogs , Neil Cordy.

## Kwallon kafa na farko
Cordy ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta matasa a ƙungiyar Ocean Grove Cobras. Ya kuma buga wa Geelong Falcons wasa a gasar TAC Cup.

## Aikin AFL
Cordy ya fara buga wasa a karon farko a gasar Bulldogs da maki 23 a kan North Melbourne Football Club a zagaye na 22 na kakar wasa ta AFL ta 2015.  A wasansa na farko, ya samu damar jefa kwallo daya kacal amma kuma ya tara tackles guda biyu. A farkon kakar wasa ta 2016, Cordy ya sanya hannu har zuwa 2018.

A shekarar 2016, Cordy ya koma matsayi, daga mai tsaron baya mai mahimmanci zuwa mai tsaron baya mai tsakiya, kuma ya buga wasanni tara sannan ya zura kwallaye takwas.[1] Bayan ya buga wasa a kowace wasa tun zagaye na 19, ya zama wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar Bulldogs ta gasar Premier ta 2016. A babban wasan ƙarshe, ya zura ƙwallon farko kuma ya samu damar jefa ƙwallo sau 11.[2] Bayan 2016, ya koma yin wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya mai mahimmanci.

A watan Mayun 2018, Cordy ya tsawaita kwantiraginsa, wanda hakan ya sa ya ci gaba da zama a Bulldogs har zuwa 2021. 

Cordy ya koma St Kilda a matsayin ɗan wasa bayan kakar wasa ta 2022 ta AFL.

An cire Cordy daga jerin 'yan wasa daga Saints a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2025, bayan wasanni 23 a cikin shekaru 3.

## Manazarta
Barry Cougle

**Barry Cougle** (28 ga Mayu 1938 – 13 ga Afrilu 2018) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Ostiraliya wanda ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Geelong wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Victorian (VFL).[1]

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Barry Cougle's playing statistics from AFL Tables
* Barry Cougle at AustralianFootball.com
* Barry Cougle  at The Heritage Guide to The Geelong College
Harold Collocott

**Harold Fitzroy Collocott** (25 Yuni 1883 - 12 Satumba 1955) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Australiya wanda ya buga wasa da Geelong a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Victorian (VFL).

An haifi Collocott a Fiji, ɗan mai wa'azin Methodist Alfred John Collocott. Ɗan'uwansa EEV Collocott mai wa'azin Methodist ne a Tonga. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya ya yi aiki a Rundunar Keke ta Australiya.[1]

## Manazarta
Kanzi

**Kanzi** (28 ga Oktoba, 1980 - 18 ga Maris, 2025),  namiji ne bonobo wanda aka yi masa bincike da dama kan harshen gwaggwon biri . A cewar Sue Savage-Rumbaugh, wata masaniyar halittar dabbobi wadda ta yi nazarin bonobo tun shekarun 1990, Kanzi ya nuna ƙwarewar harshe mai zurfi.   

An san Kanzi da iyawarsa ta fahimta. Yana da fahimtar harshe game da harshen ɗan adam da aka rubuta sosai. Ana kyautata zaton shi ne biri na farko wanda ba ɗan adam ba da ya fahimci kuma ya fahimci Turancin da ake magana da shi. Yawan bayanan da masu bincike suka tattara daga Kanzi ya haifar da babban tasiri ga fannonin ilimin harsuna da kimiyyar fahimta.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Kanzi a cikin kurkuku a ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 1980, a Atlanta, Georgia, ga Lorel da Bosandjo a Tashar Filin Yerkes da ke Jami'ar Emory a 1980. Daga baya an mayar da Lorel zuwa gidan namun daji na Jacksonville da ke Florida, yayin da Bosandjo har yanzu yana zaune a Yerkes. Cikin sa'o'i bayan haihuwar Kanzi, mahaifiyarsa mai riƙon sa Matata, wacce aka haifa a daji, ta ɗauke shi a matsayin ɗan bonobo wanda ya fito daga Zaire . 

Halaye da iyawar Kanzi sun kasance batutuwan bincike da aka buga a mujallun kimiyya, da kuma rahotanni a kafafen yada labarai.

### Shirye-shiryen bincike
Lokacin da yake ɗan shekara takwas, Kanzi ya kasance cikin wani shiri na bincike inda aka kwatanta ikonsa na amsa buƙatun da aka yi masa da na wani yaro ɗan shekara biyu mai suna Alia. Binciken ya ɗauki watanni tara kafin a kammala. An ba wa Kanzi da Alia umarni 660 na magana, suna roƙonsu su yi mu'amala da abubuwan da suka saba da su ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Kanzi ya amsa daidai ga kashi 74 cikin ɗari na umarnin, Alia kuma ta amsa kashi 65 cikin ɗari.  

### Labarai
An san Kanzi da iyawarsa ta "korar abubuwan da ba su nan, ƙirƙirar sabbin dabaru don bayyana abubuwan da bai san sunayensu ba... yana da wani ra'ayi game da lokaci kuma da alama ya fahimci ra'ayin wani."  Waɗannan labarai ne, maimakon gwaje-gwajen gwaji.

### MANAZARTA
Lee Shau-kee

**Lee Shau-kee** GBM ( Chinese ; 20 ga Fabrairu 1928 - 17 Maris 2025) hamshakin ɗan kasuwa ne a Hong Kong, mai saka hannun jari kuma mai taimakon jama'a.  Ya kasance hamshakin mai gidaje kuma mai rinjayen mallakar Henderson Land Development, wani kamfani mai mallakar kadarori, otal-otal, gidajen cin abinci da ayyukan intanet a Hong Kong da sauran ƙasashe. A shekarar 2019, yana da shekaru 91, Lee ya sauka daga mukamin shugaban kamfanin kuma manajan darakta, inda ya zaɓi 'ya'yansa biyu, Peter da Martin Lee. Ya ci gaba da riƙe muƙamin babban darakta. 

Bloomberg Billionaires Index ta kiyasta dukiyarsa ta kai dala $23.2.&nbsp;biliyan a lokacin mutuwarsa, wanda hakan ya sanya shi mutum na biyu mafi arziki a Hong Kong (bayan Li Ka-shing ), kuma na 89 a cikin masu arziki a duniya.  Kafin mika mulki ga Hong Kong a shekarar 1997, shi ne mutum na huɗu mafi arziki a duniya. 

## Taimakon jama'a
Lee yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu tallafawa Makarantar Koyon Kirkire-kirkire ta HKICC Lee Shau Kee, inda ya ba da gudummawar sama da dala miliyan HK20 ta hanyar Gidauniyar Lee Shau Kee.

A shekarar 2007, ya bayar da gudummawar dala miliyan HK $500 ga Jami'ar Hong Kong  da kuma dala miliyan HK $400 ga Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Hong Kong . 

## Rayuwar mutum da mutuwa
Lee yana da 'ya'ya biyar, ciki har da babban ɗansa Peter Lee Ka-kit da ƙaramin ɗansa Martin Lee Ka-shing, da kuma jikoki takwas.  

Lee ya mutu a daren 17 ga Maris 2025, yana da shekaru 97. 

## Duba kuma

### MANAZARTA
Ma'aikatar Madinani

**Sashen Madinani sashe** ne na Yankin Kabadougou a gundumar Denguélé, Ivory Coast. A cikin 2021, yawanta ya kai 50,248 kuma wurin zama mazaunin Madinani. Karamar hukumar sun hada da Fengolo, Madinani, da N'Goloblasso.

## Tarihi
An ƙirƙiri Sashen Madina a shekarar 2005 a matsayin wani yanki na mataki na biyu ta hanyar rabuwar kai daga Sashen Odienné .  A lokacin ƙirƙirarsa, yana cikin Yankin Denguélé .

A shekarar 2011, an gabatar da gundumomi a matsayin sabbin ƙananan hukumomi na Ivory Coast. A lokaci guda, an sake tsara yankuna kuma suka zama ƙananan hukumomi na mataki na biyu kuma dukkan sassan an mayar da su zuwa ƙananan hukumomi na mataki na uku. A wannan lokacin, Sashen Madinani ya zama wani ɓangare na Yankin Kabadougou a Gundumar Denguélé .

## Manazarta
Emilie Dequenne

**Émilie Dequenne** (  ; 29 ga Agusta 1981 - 16 Maris 2025) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta ƙasar Belgium. Ta fara samun yabo saboda rawar da ta taka a fim ɗin ' yan'uwan Dardenne *Rosetta* (1999), wanda ya ba ta kyautar Cannes Film Festival don Mafi Kyawun Jaruma . Fim ɗin ya kuma lashe Palme d'Or a bikin. 

A tsawon aikinta, ta fito a fina - finai daban-daban, ciki har da fim ɗin "The Girl on the Train " (2009), fim ɗin "The psychological drama" ( 2012 ), da kuma fim ɗin "Love Affair(s)" (2020), wanda a cikinsa ta lashe kyautar César Award for Best Supporting Actress .

## Sana'a
An haifi Dequenne a Beloeil a shekarar 1981  kuma iyayenta Brigitte da Daniel ne. Lokacin da take da shekaru goma sha biyu ta fara zuwa makarantar Académie de Musique et des Arts de la Parole a Saint-Ghislain . 

Matsayinta na nasara a *Rosetta* ya tabbatar mata da cewa ta yi fice a harkar fina-finai a Turai. Ta ci gaba da aiki a fina-finai na yau da kullun da kuma na masu zaman kansu, kamar fim ɗin Christophe Gans mai suna *Brotherhood of the Wolf*, wanda ya sami gagarumar nasara a kasuwanci, da kuma fim ɗin Joachim Lafosse mai suna *Our Children*, wanda a dalilinsa ta lashe kyautar Un Certain Regard Award don Best Actress a bikin fina-finai na Cannes na 2012.  Ta kuma sami kyautar Magritte Award don Best Actress da kuma kyautar tauraron dan adam saboda rawar da ta taka a fim ɗin.  

## Rayuwar mutum da mutuwa
Dequenne ta haifi 'ya mace, Milla Savarese (an haife ta a shekarar 2002), tare da abokin aikinta, DJ Alexandre Savarese ɗan ƙasar Belgium. Su biyun sun kasance tare daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2005. A shekarar 2008, ta haɗu da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo , wacce za ta aura a shekarar 2014.  

Ta rasu a Asibitin Gustave-Roussy da ke Villejuif, Faransa, a ranar 16 ga Maris, 2025, bayan an gano tana da cutar kansar adrenocortical . Tana da shekaru 43.  

## MANAZARTA
Basil Collins

**Basil Noel Marcus Collins** (11 Yuni 1891 - 3 Fabrairu 1946) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Australiya wanda ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Geelong wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Victorian (VFL).

Ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Geelong, Makarantar Grammar Kyneton, da Makarantar Grammar Box Hill, [1] Aikin kwallon kafa na Collins tare da Geelong ya fara ne a shekarar 1910 kuma ya ƙare a shekarar 1921 bayan ya buga wasanni 62. Ya kuma wakilci VFL sau ɗaya.[2] Ya riƙe mukamai da dama a wajen filin wasa tare da ƙungiyar, ciki har da yin aiki a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar daga 1940 zuwa 1945, wani lokaci kuma Geelong ya janye daga gasar saboda Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu.

Collins wani ɓangare ne na daular iyali wadda ta mallaki kuma ke gudanar da masana'antar ulu a yankin Geelong.

## Manazarta
Alan Simpson (dan siyasa na Amurka)

**Alan Kooi Simpson*** (2 ga Satumba, 1931 - 14 ga Maris, 2025) ɗan siyasa ne ɗan Amurka daga Wyoming . Ɗan jam'iyyar Republican ne, ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Wyoming wanda ke wakiltar Park County, Wyoming daga 1965 zuwa 1977 kuma a matsayin memba na Majalisar Dattawan Amurka daga 1979 zuwa 1997. Simpson ya kasance mai tsawatarwa na jam'iyyar Republican a Majalisar Dattawan Amurka daga 1985 zuwa 1995, yana aiki a matsayin mai tsawatarwa na rinjaye na Majalisar Dattawan Amurka daga 1985 zuwa 1987. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai tsawatarwa na Hukumar Kula da Nauyin Kuɗi da Gyara (wanda aka fi sani da Simpson–Bowles) tare da shugabar jam'iyyar Democrat Erskine Bowles na North Carolina .

An haife shi a [[Denver]], Simpson ya kammala karatunsa na farko da na lauya a Jami'ar Wyoming . Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Wyoming daga 1965-1977 kafin a zaɓe shi a Majalisar Dattawan Amurka a 1978. Bayan ya yi wa'adi uku, Simpson ya ƙi sake neman zaɓe a 1996. Bayan ya bar ofis, Simpson ya yi aikin lauya kuma ya koyar a jami'o'i da yawa. Ya kuma yi aiki a Hukumar Ci gaba da Gwamnati, Hukumar Kula da Monuments ta Amurka, da Ƙungiyar Nazarin Iraki . Ya kasance mai goyon bayan gyara Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Amurka don soke *Citizens United da FEC'' (2010) tare da ba wa Majalisa damar sanya iyakokin kashe kuɗi kan kuɗaɗen kamfen . 

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Simpson a Denver, Colorado, a ranar 2 ga Satumba, 1931,  ɗan Milward Simpson da tsohon Lorna Kooi. Sunansa na tsakiya, Kooi, ya fito ne daga kakansa na uwa, wanda iyayensa baƙi ne daga ƙasar Holland.  Simpson yana da ɗan'uwa babba, Pete Simpson, masanin tarihi kuma tsohon mai gudanarwa a Jami'ar Wyoming da ke Laramie, Wyoming, wanda ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Wyoming daga 1981 zuwa 1984, bayan ya wakilci Gundumar Sheridan, Wyoming, yayin da a lokacin yake shugaba a Kwalejin Sheridan . Pete Simpson shi ne ɗan takarar gwamna na jam'iyyar Republican a shekarar 1986, bayan ya nemi mukamin yayin da ƙaninsa ke aiki a Majalisar Dattawan Amurka. 

## Sanatan Amurka

### Shigar jama'a
Simpson yana cikin kwamitin gudanarwa a Cibiyar Nazarin Zamantakewa ta Ƙasa (NICD). An ƙirƙiri cibiyar a Jami'ar Arizona bayan harbin da aka yi wa ɗan Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka Gabby Giffords daga Arizona.  Ya kasance memba na kwamitin girmamawa na ƙungiyar agaji ta Wings of Hope kuma shugaban kwamitin ba da shawara na Issue One, wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta da ke neman rage rawar da kuɗi ke takawa a siyasa.  

## Rayuwar mutum da mutuwa
A shekarar 1954, Simpson ya auri tsohuwar Susan Ann Schroll, wacce ya haɗu da ita yayin da take karatu a Jami'ar Wyoming. Tare, sun haifi 'ya'ya uku masu suna William Simpson, Colin M. Simpson, da Susan Gallagher. 

Lafiyar Simpson ta ragu bayan kamuwa da ciwon sanyi a ƙarshen shekarunsa na tamanin, wanda ya haifar da yanke ƙafarsa ta ƙasa da ta hagu.  A watan Disamba na 2024, ya karye a kugunsa kuma bai taɓa murmurewa gaba ɗaya ba, wanda ya kai ga mutuwarsa a ƙarƙashin kulawar marasa lafiya a Cody, Wyoming, a ranar 14 ga Maris, 2025 yana da shekaru 93.   

### MANAZARTA
Robert Doyle

**Robert Keith Bennett Doyle** (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Mayu 1953) ɗan siyasa ne ɗan ƙasar Ostiraliya wanda ya kasance Magajin Garin Melbourne na 103, wanda aka zaɓa a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba 2008 har sai da ya yi murabus a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu 2018 a lokacin da ake zargin cin zarafin mata. A da ya kasance memba na Malvern a Majalisar Dokoki ta Victoria daga 1992 zuwa 2006 kuma Shugaban 'Yan adawa na Victoria daga 2002 zuwa 2006, yana wakiltar Jam'iyyar Liberal.

## Bayani
An haifi Doyle a Melbourne, kuma ya yi makarantar sakandare a Geelong. Ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Monash a shekarar 1977, kuma a shekara mai zuwa ya fara aiki a matsayin malami a Kwalejin Geelong, *makarantar da ya yi karatu.* A shekarar 1982, ya koma Melbourne, yana aiki a matsayin shugaban sashen a Makarantar 'Yan Mata ta Lauriston. Bayan shekaru uku, ya sake canza makarantu, ya zama babban jami'in gudanarwa da kuma malamin Turanci a Kwalejin Scotch.

## Siyasar jiha
A zaɓen jiha na 1992, Doyle ya yi nasarar lashe zaɓen fidda gwani na Liberal ga masu zaɓen Malvern ta hanyar kayar da Geoff Leigh. Jam'iyyar Liberal, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Jeff Kennett, ta lashe gwamnati, inda ta kayar da Joan Kirner. Bayan zaɓen, nan take aka sanya Doyle a cikin Kwamitin Rigakafin Laifuka, da kuma wasu rundunonin aiki da dama, musamman a fannin lafiya. A watan Afrilun 1996, an ɗaukaka Doyle zuwa matsayin Sakataren Majalisar Dokoki ta Ayyukan Bil Adama.

Gwamnatin Kennett ta sha kaye ba zato ba tsammani a zaɓen 1999, kuma Kennett da kansa ya yi ritaya daga siyasa jim kaɗan bayan haka. Mataimakin Kennett kuma Ministan Lafiya, Denis Napthine, ya zama shugaba, kuma Doyle ya zama Ministan Lafiya na Inuwa.

### Shugaban 'Yan Adawa (2002–2006)
A shekarar 2002, Jam'iyyar Liberal ta fara kada kuri'a a rumfunan zaɓe, kuma ana sa ran za ta sha kaye a zaɓen da za a yi a ƙarshen wannan shekarar. Doyle ya yi nasarar ƙalubalantar Napthine don jagorantar Jam'iyyar Liberal ta jihar, yana mai iƙirarin cewa jam'iyyar "tana fuskantar mantuwa ta siyasa" idan ta ci gaba da kasancewa ƙarƙashin jagorancin Napthine.

Ya sha kaye a zaɓen 2002 da gagarumin rinjaye; sakamakon ya kasance mafi muni ga babbar jam'iyyar da ba ta Labour ba a Victoria tun lokacin da ta karɓi tutar Liberal a 1945. Jam'iyyar ta rasa ikon Majalisar Dokoki a karo na biyu kacal a tarihin majalisar dokokin Victoria, yayin da adadin kujerun majalisarsu ya ragu da rabi, zuwa kujeru 17 - mafi ƙarancin kasancewarsu a majalisar dokoki a cikin rabin ƙarni. 'Yan Liberal sun ƙara gurgunta lokacin da aka ɗauki Ma'ajin Kuɗi, Robert Dean, a matsayin wanda bai cancanci tsayawa takara ba saboda ya kasa sabunta rajistar masu zaɓe bayan ya koma sabuwar zaɓe; a ƙarƙashin dokar Victoria, ba ya cikin jerin sunayen masu zaɓe.

## Manazarta
Raúl Grijalva

Raúl Manuel Grijalva / / rɑː ˈ uːl ɡrɪˈhælvə / rah - OOL grih - HAL -və rah- Fabrairu 19, 1948 - Maris 13, 2025) ɗan siyasa ne kuma ɗan fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a na Amurka wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka daga Arizona daga 2003 har zuwa mutuwarsa a 2025. A matsayinsa na memba na Jam'iyyar Democrat, Grijalva ya wakilci Arizona's 7th congressional district daga 2003 zuwa 2013, Arizona's 3rd congressional district daga 2013 zuwa 2023, da kuma gundumar 7 daga 2023 zuwa 2025. Gundumomin biyu sun haɗa da yammacin uku na Tucson, wani ɓangare na Yuma da Nogales, da wasu sassan kewaye na babban birnin Phoenix .

A watan Oktoban 2024, Grijalva ya sanar da cewa ba zai sake tsayawa takara a shekarar 2026 ba, a yayin da ake fama da cutar kansar huhu, amma ya mutu kafin ya kammala wa'adinsa na ƙarshe.    An gudanar da zaɓen musamman na gundumar majalisa ta 7 ta Arizona ta 2025 a ranar 23 ga Satumba, 2025, inda aka zaɓi Adelita Grijalva, 'yarsa, don ta yi sauran wa'adinsa. 

## Rayuwar farko, ilimi da aiki

An haifi Grijalva a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu, 1948, a Canoa Ranch,  kudu da Tucson, ɗan Rafaela da Raúl Grijalva.    Mahaifinsa ma'aikaci ne mai ƙaura daga Mexico wanda ya shiga Amurka a 1945 ta hanyar Shirin Bracero kuma ya yi aiki a gonakin kudancin Arizona.  Ya kammala karatunsa daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Sunnyside a 1967 kuma ya kasance wanda aka zaɓa a shekarar 2004 a Ɗakin Tsofaffin Ɗaliban Sakandare na Sunnyside.  Ya halarci Jami'ar Arizona  kuma ya sami digiri na farko a fannin zamantakewa. 

## Rayuwar mutum da mutuwa
Grijalva da matarsa, Ramona, suna da 'ya'ya mata uku,  ciki har da mai kula da gundumar Pima kuma tsohon memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na gundumar Tucson Unified School District da kuma wakilin Amurka na gundumar 7 ta majalisar dokoki ta Arizona Adelita Grijalva .  An gano Grijalva a matsayin ɗan Katolika na Roman . 

Grijalva mai yawon shakatawa ne kuma mai sha'awar ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta maza ta Arizona Wildcats . 

A ranar 2 ga Afrilu, 2024, Grijalva ya sanar da cewa an gano yana da cutar kansa da ba a bayyana ba da farko a matsayin ciwon huhu (amma daga baya ya sanar da cewa ciwon huhu ne),  kuma yana fara "magani mai ƙarfi".     Kafin a gano cutar, Grijalva mai shan sigari ne sosai.  A ranar 13 ga Maris, 2025, Grijalva ya mutu a Tucson sakamakon rikitarwa na maganin ciwon daji, yana da shekaru 77.   

### MANAZARTA