Zainab Bangura

**Haja Zainab Hawa Bangura** (an haife ta a ranar 18 ga watan Disamba shekara ta 1959) ƴar siyasan Saliyo ce kuma ƴar gwagwarmayar zamantakewa wadda ke aiki a matsayin Darakta-Janar na Ofishin Majalisar ɗinkin Duniya a Nairobi (UNON) tun shekara ta, 2018, Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya António Guterres ya nada ta. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin wakiliyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta biyu kan cin zarafin mata a cikin rikici tare da bata mukamin mataimakiyar Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya daga shekara ta, 2012 zuwa shekara ta, 2017, a matsayin mai riƙed a mukamin na farko, Margot Wallström.A cikin shekara ta, 2017 Pramila Patten ta gaje ta.

A shekara ta, 2007, Bangura ta zama ministan harkokin wajen Saliyo a gwamnatin shugaba Ernest Bai Koroma na jam'iyyar All People's Congress (APC). Ita ce mace ta biyu da ta yi aiki a wannan mukami, bayan Shirley Gbujama wacce ta riƙe wannan muƙamin daga shekarata 1996 zuwa shekara ta, 1997.Ta yi ministar lafiya da tsaftar muhalli daga shekara ta, 2010 zuwa shekara ta, 2012.

## Rayuwar farko

Diyar limami, An haifi Zainab Hawa Bangura "Zainab Hawa Sesay" a cikin karamin kauyen Yonibana, gundumar Tonkolili a lardin Arewacin kasar Saliyo na Birtaniya. Ta fito daga kabilar Temne. An haife ta ne a cikin iyali mai karancin kudi, kuma ta yi karatun sakandare a kan tallafin karatu da makarantar sakandaren mata ta Mathora da ke kusa da Magburaka ta ba ta. Daga baya ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta ƴan mata Annie Walsh a babban birnin .

Sa'annan, bayan ta sauke karatu daga Kwalejin Fourah Bay na Saliyo, Bangura ta koma United Kingdom don samun ci gaba da difloma a kan Inshora Management a City University Business School of London da kuma Jami'ar Nottingham. Yayin da take da kusan shekaru 30, ta zama mataimakiyar shugabar daya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin inshora na kasarta.

Bangura tana magana da harsuna uku: Temne, Krio, da Ingilishi.

## Rayuwar jama'a

### Farkon gwagwarmaya
Bangura ta zama mai fafutukar jin daɗin jama'a a lokacin wahala lokacin da mulkin soja na NPRC ke mulkin Saliyo. Ta fara da kokarin wayar da kan matan kasuwan birane, tare da tunatar da mabiyanta cewa mahaifiyarta ‘yar kasuwa ce. A shekarar, 1994 ta kafa Women Organised for a Morally Enlightened Nation (W.O.M.E.N), kungiyar kare hakkin mata ta farko da ba ta cikin jam’iyya a kasar. A shekara ta gaba ta haɗu tare da kafa kamfen don kyakkyawan shugabanci (CGG).Sannan ta yi amfani da CGG a matsayin dandalinta, ta yi yakin neman zabe na kasa wanda a karshe ya kori NPRC daga mulki a shekarar, 1996 tare da maido da mulkin dimokradiyya. Wannan shi ne zaben dimokuradiyya na farko a Saliyo cikin shekaru 25, kuma kafafen yada labarai na Saliyo da sauran jama'a sun danganta wannan nasarar da aka samu a kokarinta.

A lokacin yakin basasar Saliyo a shekarar,  (1991 zuwa 2002) Bangura ta yi magana da kakkausar murya kan irin ta'asar da kungiyar Revolutionary United Front (RUF) ta yi wa fararen hula kuma kungiyar ta yi ta kai hare-hare da kisan gilla sau da yawa. Ta kuma yi magana game da cin hanci da rashawa a gwamnatin farar hula ta Shugaba Ahmad Tejan Kabbah da kuma ta'asar da sojojin gwamnati ke yi wa fararen hula. A cikin watan Yunin shekarar, 1997, yayin da fada ya mamaye kasar, Bangura ta gudu a cikin jirgin kamun kifi zuwa makwabciyar kasar Guinea.

### Aikin siyasa
A zaben shekara ta, 2002, Bangura ta tsaya takara da Kabbah a zaben shugabancin kasar Saliyo, inda ta tashi a karon farko daga matsayinta na mai fafutukar kare hakkin jama'a. Ta samu kasa da kashi daya cikin dari na kuri'un da aka kada, kuma jam'iyyarta ta Movement for Progress (MOP) ta kasa samun kujeru a majalisar dokokin Saliyo. Bangura ta yi ikirarin cewa karancin kuri'un da jam'iyyarta ta samu ya biyo bayan cin hanci da rashawa a tsarin zaben.

Bayan zabukan shekarar, 2002 Bangura ta kafa kungiyar National Accountability Group (NAG) wacce manufarta ita ce yaki da cin hanci da rashawa a hukumance da inganta gaskiya da rikon amana a cikin gwamnati. A shekara ta, 2006 ta bar Saliyo zuwa makwabciyarta Laberiya inda aka nada ta Daraktar ofishin kula da farar hula a ofishin wanzar da zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Laberiya (UNMIL) sannan aka ba ta alhakin sake gina ma'aikatun Laberiya 16 da hukumomin gwamnati 30 bayan yakin basasar da kasar ta yi fama da shi.

Bangura ta koma Saliyo a shekara ta, 2007 bayan Ernest Bai Koroma ya lashe zaben shugaban kasa a zaben kasa da aka yi fama da shi, kuma jim kadan bayan haka aka nada ta ministan harkokin wajen kasar. A lokacin, da yawa daga cikin 'yan kasar Saliyo sun yi imanin cewa sabon shugaban kasar ya daukaka wannan sanannen mai sukar gwamnati zuwa wani babban matsayi domin nuna kyakykyawan imaninsa na yin gyare-gyare.

A matsayinsa na Musulmi mai kishin addini, Bangura ya dauki hutun siyasa a shekarar, 2009 don tafiya birnin Makkah mai alfarma a kasar Saudiyya domin halartar aikin hajjin ,2009.

### Aikin a siyasar duniya
A cikin shekarar, 2012, Bangura ta yi aiki a Hukumar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Kayayyakin ceton rai, wanda Goodluck Jonathan da Jens Stoltenberg suka jagoranta tare, kuma sun ba da shawarwari don haɓaka dama da amfani da kayayyaki 13 masu mahimmanci don lafiyar mata da yara.

Daga baya Bangura ta karbi mukaminta na gaba a matsayin wakiliyar musamman na babban sakataren MDD kan cin zarafin mata a cikin rikici a matakin mataimakin babban sakataren majalisar a ranar 4 ga watan Satumba, shekarar, 2012. A wannan matsayi, ta kuma jagoranci cibiyar sadarwa ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Action Against Sexual Violence in Conflict. A lokacin da take aiki, ta taimaka wajen kaddamar da wata yarjejeniya ta kasa da kasa a cikin shekarar, 2014 don magance fyade da cin zarafi a cikin rikici, samar da ka'idoji game da binciken laifukan jima'i da kuma tattara shaidun da za a gurfanar da su a nan gaba. Ta yi shawarwari kan yarjejeniyar watan Yunin shekarar, 2015 da kwamandojin soji a Ivory Coast domin gurfanar da sojojin da ake zargi da cin zarafin mata. A wannan shekarar, ta ziyarci Iraki da Siriya, kuma ta yi aiki da wani shiri na magance cin zarafi ta hanyar jima'i da mayakan Da'ish (ISIS) suke yi.

Daga shekara ta, 2018 har zuwa shekarar 2019, Bangura ta jagoranci (tare da Katherine Sierra) Hukumar mai zaman kanta kan lalata da jima'i, ba da lissafi da kuma canjin al'adu a Oxfam. A shekarar, 2019, Guterres ya nada ta a matsayin Darakta-Janar na Ofishin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Nairobi, inda ya gaji Maimunah Mohd Sharif.

## Sauran ayyukan

* Gasar Cin Kofin Jinsi na Duniya (IGC), Memba
* Rukunin Afirka don Adalci da Tabbatar da Laifi, Memba
* Interpeace, Memba na Hukumar Mulki
* Cibiyar Koyarwa da Bincike ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNITAR), Memba na Kwamitin Ba da Shawarar Zaman Lafiya
* Matan Shugabannin Siyasa na Duniya (WPL), Memba na Hukumar Ba da Shawarwari ta Duniya
* Ƙungiyar Duniya don Dimokuradiyya, Shugaban Kwamitin Gudanarwa

## Ganewa

Bangura ta samu lambobin yabo na kasa da kasa da dama saboda inganta dimokuradiyya da hakkin bil Adama a Afirka, ciki har da: Kyautar Shugabanci na Duniya na Afirka (Nigeria a shekarar, 1999); Kyautar Haƙƙin bil Adama da kwamitin lauyoyi don yancin bil adama ya bayar (New York a shekarar, 2000); lambar yabo ta Bayard Rustin ta Humanitarian A. Philip Randolph Institute (Washington, DC,) ta bayar; da lambar yabo ta Dimokuradiyya ta National Endowment for Democracy (Washington, DC a shekarar, 2006).

A cikin watan Nuwamba, shekarar, 2013, Bangura ta sami lambar yabo daga Project 1808 Inc, ƙungiya tare da haɗin gwiwar Jami'ar Wisconsin Madison African Studies, Division of International Studies. Kyautar ta ba da lambar yabo ta Bangura saboda tasirinta na ba da hankali ga batutuwan da suka shafi cin zarafin mata a duk duniya ta hanyar shigar da shugabannin duniya, 'yan tawaye, masu fafutuka, wadanda abin ya shafa da al'ummomi.

## Manazarta