Francis Deng

**Francis Mading Deng** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1938) ɗan siyasan Sudan ta Kudu ne kuma jami'in diflomasiyya.  Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen inganta Nauyin Kariya (R2P) lokacin da yake Wakilin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Musamman kan Mutanen da aka Kaura (1992–2004).    

Koyi a matsayin lauya, Deng an sanya shi a matsayin jakadan Sudan a Amurka, Kanada, Denmark, Finland, Norway, da Sweden a tsakanin 1972 zuwa 1976. Daga 1976 zuwa 1980, ya kasance karamin ministan harkokin wajen Sudan . Bayan ya bar aikin diflomasiyya na Sudan, ya rike mukaman ilimi da dama kafin ya zama wakilin farko na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan kare hakkin dan Adam na 'yan gudun hijira a cikin 1992. 

Ya kasance sabon jakadan Sudan ta Kudu na farko a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya daga 2012 zuwa Yuli 2016.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Francis Mading Deng a kusa da Abyei, Sudan a 1938. Mahaifinsa shi ne Deng Majok, babban sarki na Ngok Dinka, ƙabila mafi girma a Sudan. Francis shine ɗan fari ga matar Deng Majok ta huɗu.

Deng ya karanci shari'a a Jami'ar Khartoum (Bachelor of Laws) da Master of Laws (LL.M.). Ya sami Doctor of Juridical Science (JSD) daga Jami'ar Yale a 1967.  Ya kuma yi karatun digiri a King's College London .

## Sana'a
A karkashin shugabannin Sudan Ismail al-Azhari da Gaafar Nimeiry, Deng ya yi aiki a matsayin jami'in kare hakkin dan Adam a Ma'aikatar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (daga 1967 zuwa 1972). Ya dauki hutu a 1972, inda ya yi karatu a matsayin postdoctoral fellow a Jami’ar Yale kuma ya zama malamin shari’a a Jami’ar Columbia.

A shekarar 1972, ya shiga aikin diflomasiyyar Sudan, inda aka tura shi a matsayin Jakadan Sudan zuwa Amurka, Kanada, Denmark, Finland, Norway, da Sweden.

Ya kasance Karamin Ministan Harkokin Wajen Sudan daga 1976 zuwa 1980. Bayan ya bar aikin gwamnati, an nada shi a matsayin ɗan gwaji na farko a Hukumar Rockefeller Brothers Fund. Ya rike muƙamai na koyarwa da dama, mafi yawancinsu a Amurka.

Daga 1992 zuwa 2004, Deng ya kasance wakilin musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan kare hakkin ‘yan gudun hijira a cikin gida.

A ranar 29 ga Mayu 2007, Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Ban Ki-moon ya sanar da nadin Deng a matsayin mai ba da shawara ta musamman kan hana kisan kare dangi, matsayi da ya rike har zuwa 17 ga Yuli 2012 a matakin Mataimakin Sakatare Janar.

Daga 2006 zuwa 2007, Deng ya shugabanci aikin Sudan Peace Support Project a cibiyar United States Institute of Peace. Hakanan, ya kasance Wilhelm Fellow a Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Waje ta Massachusetts Institute of Technology da kuma farfesa mai bincike kan siyasa ta kasa da kasa, doka da zamantakewa a Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies.

Kafin ya koma Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Deng ya kasance bakon masani a John Kluge Center na Library of Congress.

Deng ya yi aiki a cibiyar Woodrow Wilson International Center a matsayin bakon masani sannan a matsayin babban jami’in bincike, daga nan ya shiga Brookings Institution a matsayin babbar masaniya, inda ya kafa kuma ya jagoranci aikin Africa Project na tsawon shekaru 12. Daga baya an nada shi farfesa na musamman a Graduate Center na City University of New York kafin ya koma Jami’ar Johns Hopkins.

Daga cikin lambobin yabo da yawa da ya samu a cikin kasarsa da waje, Deng ya karbi lambar yabo tare da Roberta Cohen ta Grawemeyer Award ta 2005 don "Ra’ayoyi masu Inganta Tsarin Duniya" da kuma Merage Foundation American Dream Leadership Award ta 2007. A shekarar 2000, Deng ya kuma samu lambar yabo ta Rome Prize don zaman lafiya da agajin jin kai.

Daga 2012 zuwa Yuli 2016, ya kasance Jakadan Dindindin na Sudan ta Kudu zuwa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.

Deng memba ne a Kwamitin Shawara na Crimes Against Humanity Initiative, wani aikin Whitney R. Harris World Law Institute na Washington University School of Law a St. Louis, domin samar da yarjejeniyar duniya kan hana da hukunta laifukan kisan kare dangi.

Ya wallafa kuma ya shirya littattafai 40 a fannonin doka, warware rikice-rikice, kauracewar cikin gida, kare hakkin dan Adam, al'adu, tarihi da siyasa. Hakanan ya rubuta littattafai biyu na almara akan rikicin gano ainihin martabar kasa a Sudan.

## Wallafa da aka zaɓa
* *Bound by Conflict: Dilemmas of the Two Sudans* (Al’amuran Jinƙai na Duniya. tare da Kevin M. Cahill M.D. (FUP)) (1 Maris 2016)
* *Identity, Diversity, and Constitutionalism in Africa Now* (1, 2008) – Ganowa, bambance-bambance da tsarin mulki a Afirka a yau.
* *Talking it Out: Stories in Negotiating Human Relations* (Kegan Paul, 2006) – Labarai akan yadda ake shawo kan mu'amala da juna.
* *A Strategic Vision for Africa: The Kampala Movement* tare da I. William Zartman (2002) – Tsarin hangen nesa mai zurfi don Afirka.
* *African Reckoning: A Quest for Good Governance*, edita tare da Terrence Lyons (1998) – Neman kyakkyawan shugabanci a Afirka.
* *Masses in Flight: The Global Crisis of Internal Displacement* tare da Roberta Cohen (1998) – Rikicin duniya na korar jama'a daga yankunansu.
* *The Forsaken People: Case Studies of the Internally Displaced* edita tare da Roberta Cohen (1998) – Nazarin misalai na waɗanda aka kora daga ƙasashensu.
* *Seed of Redemption* (1986?) – Asalin fansa ko ceton rai.
* *War of Visions: Conflicting Identities in the Sudan* (1995) – Gwabzawar hangen nesa da rikicin ɗabi’u a Sudan.
* *Human Rights in Africa: Cross-Cultural Perspectives* ed. tare da Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na'im (1990) – Haƙƙin ɗan adam a Afirka: Dubbukan al’adu da fahimta.
* *Cry of the Owl* (Lilian Barber Press, Inc., 1989) – Kukar agwagwa: wani labari mai ƙarfi.
* *Tradition and Modernization: A Challenge for Law Among the Dinka of the Sudan* (1987) – Kalubalen haɗa al'ada da zamani a tsakanin Dinka na Sudan.
* *Dinka Folktales: African Stories from the Sudan* (Yuni 1984) – Tatsuniyoyi daga al’ummar Dinka a Sudan.
* *Dinka Cosmology* (Nazarin Sudan) (1980) – Tushen falsafar duniya a al’adun Dinka.
* *Dynamics of identification: a basis for national integration in the Sudan* (1973) – Tattalin sanin kai don haɗin ƙasa a Sudan.
* *The Dinka and their songs* (1973) – Dinka da waƙokinsu: Al’adun kiɗa da ruhin zamantakewa.
* *The Dinka of the Sudan* (1972, Holt, Rinehart and Winston Inc.; 1984, sabuntawa da sauyi ta Waveland Press Inc.) – Rayuwa da tsarin zamantakewar Dinka a Sudan.

## Manazarta

## Mahaɗa

*The Biography of Francis Deng , UN.
*Profile — United Nations Office of the Special Adviser to the Secretary-General on the Prevention of Genocide