Cinikin mutane a cikin Maldives

## Tarihi (2010)
A shekara ta 2010, Maldives da farko ƙasa ce ga Ma'aikatan ƙaura daga Bangladesh, kuma, zuwa ƙarami, Indiya, wasu daga cikinsu sun kasance masu fataucin mutane, musamman ma aikin tilas. Wasu mata kuma an tilasta musu karuwanci. Wani adadin da ba a sani ba na ma'aikatan kasashen waje 110,000 da ke aiki a Maldives - da farko a bangarorin gine-gine da sabis - sun fuskanci ayyukan daukar ma'aikata na zamba, kwace takardun shaida da tafiye-tafiye, riƙewa ko rashin biyan albashi, ko Bautar bashi. Dubban talatin daga cikin wadannan ma'aikata ba su da matsayin doka a kasar, kodayake ma'aikatan doka da ba bisa ka'ida ba suna da rauni ga yanayin tilasta aiki. Tushen diflomasiyya sun kiyasta cewa rabin 'yan Bangladesh 35,000 a cikin Maldives sun tafi can ba bisa ka'ida ba kuma yawancin waɗannan ma'aikatan sun kasance wadanda aka yi wa fataucin mutane. Ma'aikatan ƙaura suna biyan $ 1,000 zuwa $ 4,000 a cikin kuɗin ɗaukar ma'aikata don yin ƙaura zuwa Maldives; irin wannan tsadar ɗaukar ma'aikatan yana ƙara saukin ma'aikata ga aikin tilas, kamar yadda aka kammala a cikin rahoton ILO na baya-bayan nan.

An dauki mata da yawa daga Sri Lanka, Thailand, Indiya, China, Philippines, Gabashin Turai, da tsoffin kasashen Tarayyar Soviet don tilasta karuwanci a Malé, babban birnin. An bayar da rahoton cewa an yi fataucin 'yan mata marasa shekaru a Maldivian zuwa Male daga wasu tsibirai don bautar gida ba tare da son rai ba; wannan cin hanci da rashawa ne na aikin da aka yarda da shi inda iyalai suka aika da' yan mata na Maldivian don zama tare da dangin da suka karbi bakuncin a Male don dalilai na ilimi.

Masu aikata laifuka masu cin gashin kansu galibi sun fada cikin rukuni uku: iyalai waɗanda suka sanya ma'aikatan gida ga aikin tilas; jami'an aiki waɗanda suka kawo ma'aikatan ƙaura masu ƙwarewa zuwa Maldives a ƙarƙashin ka'idojin aiki na ƙarya da biyan kuɗi mai yawa; da kuma ma'aikata waɗanda suka sanya baƙi ƙarƙashin yanayin aikin tilas a lokacin da suka iso.

Gwamnatin Maldives ba ta bi mafi ƙarancin ƙa'idodi don kawar da fataucin mutane ba; duk da haka, ta yi ƙoƙari sosai don yin hakan. Duk da wadannan kokarin, gwamnati ba ta da tsari na tsari don gano wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane tsakanin mutanen da ke fama da rauni, kuma a lokacin bayar da rahoto ba ta bincika ko gurfanar da laifuka masu alaƙa da fataucir ba ko kuma ta dauki matakai na musamman don kare wadanda ke fama le fataucin fataucin da kuma hana fataucin a cikin Maldives. Saboda haka, an sanya Maldives a cikin Tier 2 Watch List. Bayan shekaru 30 na mulkin jam'iyya daya, sabuwar gwamnati - da aka kafa a 2009 - ta ci gaba da gina cibiyoyin mulkin demokraɗiyya.

## Amsa ta kasa da kasa
Kasar ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar TIP ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 2000 a watan Satumbar 2016. 

A cikin 2021, Ƙididdigar Laifuka ta Ƙungiya ta lura cewa gwamnati ta kawo sabbin dokoki game da aikata laifuka; duk da haka, ƙasar har yanzu tana da babbar matsala a wannan yanki.

Ofishin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka don Kulawa da Yaki da Cinikin Mutane ya sanya kasar a cikin "Tier 2" a cikin 2023.

## Shari'a (2010)
Gwamnatin Maldives ta gudanar da iyakantaccen kokarin tilasta bin doka na cinikin mutane a cikin shekarar da ta gabata. Kodayake Maldives ba ta da dokoki da ke hana aikata laifukan fataucin mutane, kundin tsarin mulkinta ya haramta aikin tilas da bautar. Hukuncin da aka tsara kawai don laifukan fataucin ma'aikata shine tarar. Gwamnati ba ta bincika ko gurfanar da duk wani shari'ar fataucin mutane ba. Kotun Ma'aikata, wacce aka kirkira a matsayin wani ɓangare na Dokar Aiki ta 2008, ta saurari shari'o'i takwas da suka shafi ma'aikatan kasashen waje waɗanda ba a biya albashinsu ba - mai yiwuwa alamar tilasta aiki - amma kotun ba ta da ikon doka don aiwatar da shawarar ta. Bugu da kari, mambobin kotun aiki da ma'aikata sun nuna damuwa game da ikon su na warware shari'o'in da suka shafi ma'aikatan kasashen waje saboda duk ayyukansu an gudanar da su cikin yaren yankin

## Karewa (2010)
Gwamnatin Maldivian ta yi ƙoƙari kaɗan don tabbatar da cewa wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane sun sami damar samun taimako mai mahimmanci a lokacin rahoton. Gwamnati ba ta haɓaka ko aiwatar da hanyoyin da aka tsara don gano wadanda abin ya shafa ba, kuma gwamnati ba ta gano wani takamaiman shari'o'in fataucin mutane ba ko kuma ta ba da ƙididdigar yawan wadanda abin ya faru. Jami'ai tare da 'yan sanda na Maldivian da Ma'aikatar Shige da Fice sun sami horo wajen amincewa da wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane. Maldives ba ta samar da ayyuka kamar mafaka, shawarwari, kula da lafiya, ko taimakon shari'a ga wadanda ke fama da fataucin kasashen waje ko Maldives. A kan wani lokaci, ya samar da gidaje na gajeren lokaci ga baƙi nan da nan kafin korar su. Manufar gwamnati ta gaba ɗaya don magance wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane ita ce korarsu, kuma ba ta samar da hanyoyin shari'a ga cire su zuwa ƙasashe inda za su iya fuskantar wahala ko fansa ba. Hukumomi ba su ƙarfafa wadanda abin ya shafa su shiga cikin bincike ko gurfanar da masu aikata laifuka ba, tunda babu bincike ko gurganar da aka yi. Saboda rashin cikakkun hanyoyin gano wadanda aka azabtar, Maldives bazai tabbatar da cewa baƙi da aka tilasta aiki da karuwanci ba a ɗaure su ba, a ci su, ko kuma a hukunta su ba saboda ayyukan da ba bisa ka'ida ba da aka aikata sakamakon kai tsaye na fataucin mutane.

## Manazarta