Guguwar Hyacinthe

**Cyclone Hyacinthe** ita ce Guguwa mafi zafi a rubuce a duk duniya. Guguwa ta takwas mai suna na kakar, Hyacinthe ta samo asali ne a ranar 15 ga Janairu, 1980, zuwa arewa maso gabashin Mauritius a kudancin Tekun Indiya. Da farko ya koma yamma- kudu maso yamma, kuma yayin da yake karuwa a hankali ya wuce arewacin sashen kasashen waje na Faransa na Réunion. A ranar 19 ga watan Janairu, Météo-France ta kiyasta cewa guguwar ta kara karfi zuwa guguwa mai zafi. Hyacinthe ya yi juyawa zuwa kudancin gabashin Madagascar kuma ya raunana, kodayake ya sake ƙarfafawa bayan ya juya zuwa gabas. Guguwar ta sake yin wani madauki zuwa kudu maso yammacin Réunion, ta wuce kusa da tsibirin a Taron na biyu kuma daga baya na uku. Hyacinthe ya zama extratropical a ranar 29 ga Janairu bayan ya juya zuwa kudu, ya ɓace bayan kwana biyu.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

Kwanaki goma sha biyu, Hyacinthe ya zubar da ruwan sama mai yawa a Réunion; kusan dukkanin tsibirin sun sami sama da 1 metre (3.3 ft) na hazo. kwanaki 15 daga Janairu 14 zuwa Janairu 28, an rubuta ruwan sama na 6,083 millimetres (239.5 in) in) a Commerson Crater, caldera na dutsen wuta. Ruwan sama mafi girma ya faru ne ta hanyar tsari da ake kira orographic lift a cikin tsaunuka, wanda ya haifar da daruruwan rushewar ƙasa. Ambaliyar ruwa ta lalata rabin hanyoyi a Réunion kuma ta ware ƙauyuka uku. Hyacinthe ya haifar da mummunar lalacewa ga amfanin gona kuma ya lalata ko ya lalata gidaje 2,000. Asarar daga guguwar ta kai dala miliyan 167 (1980 USD, miliyan 676), kuma an kashe mutane 25.       

## Tarihin yanayi
A tS watan Janairun 1980, Yankin Intertropical Convergence ya ci gaba Taron da 10 ° S, yana haifar da karamin yaduwa a kusa da St. Brandon. A cewar Météo-France (MFR), wani mummunan yanayi na wurare masu zafi ya kafa kimanin kilomita  (221  arewa maso gabashin Mauritius a ranar 15 ga Janairu. [nb 2] Ya bi zuwa yamma- kudu maso yamma, yana wucewa arewacin tsibirin a ranar 17 ga Janairu. A wannan rana, Cibiyar Gargadi ta Hadari (JTWC) ta kuma ba da rahoton cewa wani mummunan yanayi na wurare masu zafi ya samo asali, yana ba shi mai ganowa "08S". Ba da daɗewa ba, JTWC ta inganta matsalar zuwa guguwa ta wurare masu zafi,  kuma MFR ta bi hakan a ranar 18 ga Janairu, tana kiran guguwar Hyacinthe.  Guguwar ta kara karfi a hankali yayin da ta wuce arewacin Réunion, tare da iskar minti 1 na  km / h (68  a ranar 19 ga Janairu, a cewar JTWC. A wannan rana, ido ya ci gaba,  kuma MFR ya kiyasta cewa Hyacinthe ya kara karfi zuwa matsayin guguwa na wurare masu zafi, tare da iskõki na minti 10 na  km / h (75 .  Wani karfafa anticyclone zuwa kudu ya juya guguwar zuwa arewa maso yamma,  kuma a ranar 20 ga Janairu, Hyacinthe ya aiwatar da karamin madauki zuwa kudu, kawai a gabashin Madagascar. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

## Tasirin
A ko'ina cikin Réunion, Hyacinthe ya kashe mutane 25 kuma ya bar 7,000 ba tare da gida ba. Hudu daga cikin mutuwar sun faru ne bayan an wanke gidan a Petite-Île. An lalata makarantar a Saint-Louis. Guguwar ta haifar da wutar lantarki da ruwa, kuma kusan kashi 30% na tsibirin sun rasa sabis na waya na ɗan lokaci. Hyacinthe ya lalata gidaje 1,712 kuma ya lalata wasu 288; lalacewar gidaje sun kai kimanin dala miliyan 42 (1980 USD, miliyan 170 francs). Ambaliyar ruwa ta haifar da dala miliyan 48 (1980 USD, miliyan 194 francs) a cikin lalacewar aikin gona, gami da kimanin shanu 1,000 da aka kashe da kusan asarar ayaba, mango, da avocado. An kiyasta lalacewar da ta kai dala miliyan 167 (miliyan 676).  Yawancin rikodin da guguwar ta kafa sun karya ta hanyar Cyclone Gamede a cikin 2007, gami da tarin ruwan sama daga kwana uku zuwa takwas. Koyaya, Hyacinthe ya riƙe matsayinsa a matsayin guguwa mafi zafi gaba ɗaya.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

A wani wuri, Hyacinthe ya shafi Madagascar a matsayin guguwa mai rauni. Iska ta kai  km / h (78  a Mananjary da  km / h (69  a Île Sainte-Marie. A wurare guda biyu, ruwan sama ya kai 207 da 134  in), bi da bi. A Mauritius, hanyar guguwar ta tilasta babban tashar jiragen ruwa ta rufe.

## Dubi kuma

* Jerin guguwa mafi zafi ta ƙasa
* Guguwa mai zafi a Tsibirin Mascarene
* Cyclone Dina (2002) - ya haifar da ruwan sama mai yawa a Réunion.

## Manazarta