Ahmad al-Alawi

**Ahmad al-Alawi** (1869 – 14 July 1934), in full **Abū al-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Muṣṭafa ibn ‘Aliwa**, known as **al-ʿAlāwī al-Mustaghānimī** ( Arabic   ), Sheikh Sufi ne ɗan ƙasar Aljeriya wanda ya assasa Darikar Sufaye, mai suna *Alawiyya* . 

 

## Tarihin Rayuwa

An haifi Sheikh Ahmad al-Alawi a Mostaganem, a shekara ta 1869. Mahaifinsa ya yi karatu a gida. Daga lokacin mutuwar mahaifinsa a shekarar 1886 har zuwa 1894, ya yi aiki a Mostaganem.

Ya bi shehin Darqawi Muhammad al-Buzidi tsawon shekaru goma sha biyar a Mostaganem. Bayan rasuwar al-Buzidi a shekara ta 1909, Sheikh Al-Alawi ya koma Mostaganem bayan tafiya gabas (Istanbul), inda ya fara yada Darqawiyya, sannan (a shekara ta 1914) ya kafa nasa tsari, wanda ake kira Alawiyya don girmama Ali, surukin Muhammad, wanda ya bayyana gare shi a cikin hangen nesa kuma ya ba shi sabon suna.

## Koyarwa
Al-Alawi Shaihin Sufaye ne a cikin al'adar Darqawi Shadhili, duk da cewa umarninsa ya sha banban da na al'ada wajen yin amfani da tsarin khalwa na tsari da kuma ba da fifiko na musamman ga kiran Sunan [Allah]. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup> .

Baya ga kasancewarsa Shaihin Sufaye na gargajiya, al-Alawi ya magance matsalolin Aljeriya na zamani ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin zamani. Ya rubuta waƙoƙi da litattafai kan batutuwan Sufaye da aka kafa, kuma ya kafa jaridu da ba da umarni a mako-mako guda biyu, ''Lisan al-Din'' (Language of Faith) na gajeriyar rayuwa a 1912, da ''Al-balagh al-jazairi'' (Manzon Aljeriya) da ya dade a 1926. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

Al-Alawi ya yi yunkurin dai-daita Musulunci da zamani . A gefe guda, ya soki Westernization, duka a matakin alama (ta hanyar hana ɗaukar kayan ado na Yammacin Turai waɗanda ke haifar da haɗin kai) kuma a matakin da ya dace (ta hanyar kai hari ga karuwar shan barasa tsakanin Musulmin Aljeriya). A gefe guda kuma, ya ƙarfafa mabiyansa da su tura yaransu makaranta don koyon Faransanci, har ma ya fifita fassarar kur'ani zuwa Faransanci da Berber don samun damar yin amfani da shi, matsayin da a wancan lokacin ya fi jawo cece-kuce. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

Al-Alawi ya yi suka ga duka tsattsauran ra'ayi a Musulunci da kuma tsarin zamani na 'yan tawaye, wanda Kemal Atatürk ya misalta a Turkiyya. A gare shi, amsoshin kalubalen zamani su ne koyarwa da ayyukan Musulunci na gargajiya da na ruhi kuma ba su da wata manufa ta addini face ta haifar da "Ambaton Allah". 

Ko da yake al-Alawi ya nuna girmamawar da ba a saba gani ba ga Kiristoci, kuma a wasu hanyoyi ya kasance farkon mai yin tattaunawa a tsakanin addinai, jigon saƙonsa ga Kiristoci shi ne cewa idan da sun yi watsi da koyaswar Triniti da na jiki “babu abin da zai raba mu. 

Ana iya bayyana girman girman mai biyo bayansa ta hanyar haɗakar Sufanci na yau da kullun tare da shiga cikin al'amuran yau da kullun, haɗe da kwarjininsa, wanda yawancin kafofin, Aljeriya da Faransanci, suke magana. Likitan Al-Alawi dan Faransa, Marcel Carret, ya rubuta game da ganawarsa ta farko da Sheikh al-Alawi cewa: "Abin da ya kama ni nan da nan shi ne kamanninsa da fuskar da ake amfani da ita wajen wakiltar Kristi."

== Alawiyya ==
Alawiyya ta yaɗu a ƙasar Aljeriya, da ma sauran yankunan Magrib, sakamakon tafiye-tafiyen Sheikh Alawi da wa'azi da rubuce-rubuce da ayyukan mukaddamansa (wakilansa). A lokacin wafatin al-Alawi a shekara ta 1934, ya zama daya daga cikin mashahuran shehunan karnin da aka fi sani da kuma shahararru kuma mutane da yawa sun ziyarce shi. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

Alawiyya ta kasance daya daga cikin darikun Sufaye na farko da suka kafa zama a Turai, musamman a tsakanin Aljeriya a Faransa da Yemeniyawa a Wales . Shi kansa Sheikh al-Alawi ya yi tattaki zuwa ƙasar Faransa a shekara ta 1926, kuma ya jagoranci sallar gamayya ta farko don bude sabon masallacin Paris da aka gina a gaban shugaban kasar Faransa.  Sheikh al-Alawi ya fahimci Faransanci sosai, duk da cewa ya hakura da magana.

Har ila yau, reshen Alawiyya ya bazu har zuwa Damascus na kasar Sham, inda aka ba da izini ga Muhammad al-Hashimi, wanda ya yaɗa reshen Alawi a cikin Levant . A cikin 1930, Sheikh Al-Alawi ya gana da Sheikh Sidi Abu Madyan na Qadiri Boutchichi tariqah a Mostaganem . A halin yanzu suna da mafi guntu sarkar komawa ga Sheikh al-Alawi. Sheikh na Bouchichi na yanzu shine Jamal al-Qadiri al-Boutchichi . &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

Alawi-Ahmadi tariqah ɗaya ce daga cikin fitattun tariqat Sufaye guda biyu a yankin Sinai na [[Misra|ƙasar Masar]] . Ya yaɗu a kewayen Jurah da kewayenta, kamar yankunan Shabbanah, Dhahir, Malafiyyah, da Sheikh Zuweid . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

## Littattafai

* Akan Sunan Na Musamman Kuma akan 'Taskar Gaskiya' na Shaihu Muhammad Ibn al-Habib. , IB Madinah Press (Janairu 31, 2001)
* Ilimin Allah, Tafsirin Sufiyan Murshid al-Mu'in na bn al-Ashir. , Diwan Press (1981)
* Biyu Wadanda Suka Samu : Waliyyan Sufaye na Karni na Ashirin: Shaykh Ahmad al-'Alawi & Fatima al-Yashrutiyya, Zababbun Fassara daga Shaykh Ahmad al-'Alawi's Falalar Ubangiji da Mutuwar Addu'a.  na Leslie Cadavid (mai fassara) da Seyyed Hossein Nasr (gabatarwa), ed. Fons Vitae (2006)

* Lings, Martin, ''Waliyin Sufi na ƙarni na ashirin: Shaikh Ahmad al-Alawi, gadonsa na ruhi da gadonsa'', ya hada da takaitaccen tarihin wakokin al-'Alawi a matsayin babi na karshe (12). ISBN&nbsp;
* Munajat na Shaihu Ahmad al-'Alawi: Abdul-Majid Bhurgri ya fassara. Buga eBook, mai ɗauke da ainihin rubutun Larabci da fassarar Ingilishi, ana iya duba shi a http://www.bhurgri.com/bhurgri/downloads/munajat.pdf

## Kara karantawa

*  
* Jossot, Abdul'karim, *Les sentiers d'Allah*
* Khelifa, Salah, "Alawisme et Madanisme, des origines immédiates aux années 50." Doctoral thesis, Université Jean Moulin Lyon III.
* Ahmad al-Alawî, "Lettre ouverte à celui qui critique le soufisme", Éditions La Caravane, St-Gaudens, 2001, 
* Cheikh al-Alawî, "Sagesse céleste - Traité de soufisme", Éditions La Caravane, Cugnaux, 2007, 
* Schuon, Frithjof, *Sufism Veil and Quintessence*. USA, World Wisdom, 2006.
* Stoddart, William, *Outline of Sufism: The Essentials of Islamic Spirituality*, USA, World Wisdom, 2011.
* Soares de Azevedo, Mateus, *Men of a Single Book: Fundamentalism in Islam, Christianity, and modern thought*. USA, World Wisdom, 2010. ISBN&nbsp;

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Website of Association Internationale Soufie Alawiyya[usurped] (in French)
* Website of the Alawiyya Order (in English and Arabic)
* Sheikh Nuh Keller's website of the Shadhili (Darqawi, Alawi) Tariqa 
*

* "Layla," waka 
*

Tariqa Shadiliya Darqawiya Alawiya Madaniya Ismailya 

* Shaykh Ahmad Al-'Alawi, na Karimah K. Stauch (cikin Jamusanci da Turanci)