Steamboat Springs (Nevada)

**Steamboat Springs** ƙaramin filin dutse ne na rhyolitic lava domes kuma yana gudana a yammacin Nevada, dake kudu da Reno . Akwai ayyuka masu yawa na geothermal a yankin, gami da maɓuɓɓugan zafi masu yawa, hulunan tururi, da fumaroles .  Yankunan zama na wannan yanki, waɗanda ke galibi gabas da Steamboat Creek da kudu na zamani SR 341, yanzu ana san su da sunan **Steamboat** .

Jihar Nevada tana da Alamar Tarihi ta Steamboat Springs (#198) wacce ke gefen gabas na babbar hanyar Carson – Reno ( US 395 Alt. ), kusan  kudu da Dutsen Rose Junction (matsayi tare da SR 341 da SR 431 ). Akwai sau daya da yawa ma'adinai spas aiki a nan tare da Steamboat Creek, tare da a kalla daya har yanzu a cikin kasuwanci da ake kira Steamboat Hot Springs Healing Center & Spa. 

Ruwan maɓuɓɓugar ruwa ya ƙunshi ma'adanai da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da: calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, sodium sulfate, carbon dioxide, lithia, da silica . 

## Tarihi
'Yan asalin ƙasar Amirka sun ɗauki maɓuɓɓugan wuri mai tsarki. Yayin da mazauna suka zo yamma a lokacin Gold Rush a 1849, kuma suka lura da tururi yana fitowa daga tsagewar dutse, maɓuɓɓugan zafi sun zama wurin maraba da ruwa don kekunan tafiya. A waɗancan kwanakin farko, William Wright ya ba da rahoton cewa ana iya ganin ginshiƙai kusan sittin ko saba'in na tururi lokacin da iska ta yi sanyi da kwanciyar hankali. Duk da haka, sai a shekara ta 1859 aka gina ci gaban farko wanda ya ƙunshi rumfa mai ɗakuna biyu, ɗaya don baho ɗaya kuma a matsayin ɗakin tururi. 

Bafaranshe Felix Monet ya kara kafa yankin a cikin 1860.  A cikin farkon kwanakin, lokacin da iska ta kasance sanyi da kwanciyar hankali, William Wright ya ruwaito cewa ana iya ganin ginshiƙai sittin ko saba'in na tururi. 

A farkon shekarun 1860, an gina gidaje, gidan wanka da kuma asibiti da likitan ruwa na Burtaniya Dokta James Ellis ya kafa a kusa da magudanan ruwa, amma gobara ta lalata gine-gine da yawa a shekara ta 1867. A farkon shekarun 1870, an gina otal don ba da mafaka 50. Tare da sabon kantin sayar da magunguna, gidaje da wuraren wanka na magani 15, garin ya zama sanannen wurin shakatawa tare da masu hakar azurfa, masu yawon bude ido da masu neman lafiya. 

Virginia &amp;amp; Truckee Railroad ya isa Steamboat Springs daga Reno a cikin 1871.  A cikin 1871, tare da waƙoƙin da har yanzu za a gina kudu ta hanyar Washoe Valley zuwa Carson City, wannan tashar jirgin ƙasa ta wucin gadi ta zama muhimmin wurin canja wurin fasinjoji da jigilar kaya da ke kan hanyar Geiger Grade a kan titin wasan motsa jiki da ke kan titin Virginia City da Commocksto mines. Da zarar an tsawaita waƙoƙin kudu a bazara mai zuwa don saduwa da layin dogo na Carson-Virginia City, irin wannan kasuwancin canja wuri ya faɗi cikin sauri. Wuraren shakatawa sun ci gaba da aiki tsawon shekaru da yawa. 

Girgizar ƙasa a shekara ta 1900 ta sa maɓuɓɓugan zafi da geysers suka bushe. Bayan shekara guda, a ranar 21 ga Afrilu, 1901, wata gobarar daji ta lalata Grand Hotel da wasu gine-gine da dama. A cikin 1925, Dr. Edna Jackson Carver ya sayi filin kuma ya haƙa sabuwar rijiya. Ta yi aiki a asibiti a can kuma ta gina Otal ɗin Kiwon Lafiya na Pioneer a shekara ta 1937. Domin ƙoƙarin tara kuɗi don ƙarin kuɗi don babban wurin shakatawa, ta rubuta bayanin da ke nuna cewa ruwan thermogenic yana da kaddarorin warkarwa. 

Geysers sun kasance suna aiki har zuwa shekarun 1980 lokacin da aka kafa tashar wutar lantarki ta geothermal. Masu bincike sun bayyana cewa aikin bazara mai zafi da geyser ya fara raguwa a cikin 1987 lokacin da shukar geothermal ta shigo kan layi.   Jami'an kamfanin sun bayyana cewa binciken da suka yi ya nuna cewa canjin yanayin ruwa ya riga ya faru kuma fari ne ya haddasa shi. 

## Wasanni
A cikin 1924, Steamboat Springs ya zama wurin horarwa da warkarwa ga shahararrun 'yan dambe godiya ga mai tallata dambe. Shahararrun 'yan damben da suka ziyarci kuma suka zauna a maɓuɓɓugan ruwa sun haɗa da Paolino Uzcudun a cikin 1931, dan damben Basque mai nauyi, King Levinsky, dan wasan dambe na Chicago, da Jack Dempsey a 1932. Uzcudun da Levinsky sun horar da Steamboat a shirye-shiryen 20-round bouts tare da Max Baer . A cikin 1936, Ray Impelliterre ya zauna a Steamboat Springs don horar da yaƙi a San Francisco . 

Steamboat Springs kuma ya kasance wurin warkarwa don dokin tsere. An kawo shahararren Thoroughbred Man o' War zuwa maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin 1940s tare da manyan raunuka inda mai kula da shi ya yi amfani da laka da ruwan ma'adinai don dalilai na warkewa. Ya dawo ya ci Kentucky Derby jim kaɗan bayan haka.

## Cosolargy
Steamboat Hot Springs Healing Center & Spa shine ja da baya da ke da alaƙa da Cibiyar Cosolargy tana ba al'ummarsu da sauran jama'a wurin da za su iya jiƙa da warkarwa tare da taimakon jiyya mai ƙarfi .  Cibiyar Cosolargy reshe ne na Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya na Kristi, Cocin na zuwa na biyu . 

## Geothermal shuka

Kamfanin Steamboat Geothermal Plant ya ƙunshi raka'a daban-daban, Steamboat 1, 2 da 3. An gina Steamboat 1 a cikin 1986 a matsayin aikin matukin jirgi. Steamboat 2 da 3 an gama su kafin lokacin da aka tsara kuma sun fara aiki a cikin Disamba 1992. Kamfanonin uku suna samar da wutar lantarki fiye da MW 24, wanda ya isa ya samar da gidaje 24,000. 

Steamboat biyu da uku suna amfani da madaukai daban-daban na rufaffiyar, ɗayan ya ƙunshi brine geothermal, ɗayan kuma yana ɗauke da isobutane. Girman  ana hakowa daga rijiyoyin karkashin kasa guda tara ta hanyar amfani da karfin dawaki tara 450, injin tuka-tuka, fanfuna a tsaye na mataki goma sha shida. Rijiyoyin sun kara tsawon  a ƙasan ƙasa kuma an hako su ta granite da ya karye. An maye gurbin guraben aikin hakowa, akan farashin $10,000 zuwa $20,000 kowanne, bayan kawai  na hakowa. Kowace rijiya tana fitar da matsakaita na  a minti daya. 

Ana amfani da bubbler bututu don auna matakan brine. Ta hanyar lura da waɗannan matakan, masu aiki sun san ba su zana ruwan tafki na ƙarƙashin ƙasa ba. Ruwan ruwa bai taɓa bambanta ba, kuma matakan rijiyoyin suna da ƙarfi sosai. Gishiri ya kasance ruwa mai matsewa yayin da ake busa shi zuwa masu musayar zafi masu tsayi tsawon ƙafa goma sha biyu. Ana sarrafa matsi na musayar zafi da yanayin zafi don rage ƙazanta. Yayin da ake bututun brine na geothermal ta gefe ɗaya na mai musayar zafi, ana fitar da isobutane ta wancan gefen ta hanyar famfunan dawakai guda shida. Isobutane  wurin tafasa yana sa ya zama kyakkyawan matsakaici don amfani a cikin tsire-tsire na binary. 

## Rubuce-rubuce
A shekara ta 1935, injiniyan jihar Alfred Merritt Smith ya rubuta game da Steamboat Springs: "A fannin ilmin ƙasa, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa suna cikin mafi ban sha'awa a duniya, domin sun nuna a hanya mai ban sha'awa yadda ma'adinai da ma'adanai ke samuwa. colloid, kuma a kan evaporation na ruwa da aka ajiye a matsayin translucent gelatinous silica, wanda a kan surface ne sannu a hankali dehydrated ya zama amorphous farin sinter A cikin fasa da crevices, da silica zama banded chalcedony, ko ma ma'adini ana ajiye lokaci guda tare da silica da aka sani da gidan kayan gargajiya. na tsaka-tsakin farar silica mai ban sha'awa, cinnabar cramson, da meta-stibnite daga Steamboat Springs." 

## Suna
Mark Twain ya rubuta a cikin Agusta 1863 "...&nbsp;Daga wani marmaro ruwan tafasasshen ruwa yana fitar da ƙafa ko sama da haka ta wurin ƙarfin jiki a wurin aiki a ƙasa, kuma a kusa da su duka ana iya jin hayaniya da hayaniya akai-akai, da ɗan kama da surutai na musamman ga jirgin ruwa a cikin motsi - don haka sunan "  An kuma ambace shi yana cewa: "Duba! A Steamboat a cikin hamada!" shekara ta 1861. 

## Manazarta