Mary Gawthorpe

**Mary Eleanor Gawthorpe** (12 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1881 - 12 ga watan Maris shekara ta 1973)  ta kasance 'yar Ingila ce, mai zaman kanta, mai sana'a da kuma edita.  Rebecca West ta bayyana ta a matsayin "mai farin ciki mai tsattsauran ra'ayi". 

## Rayuwa

An haifi Gawthorpe a Woodhouse, Leeds ga John Gawthorpe, mai gyaran fata, da Annie Eliza (Mountain) Gawthorpe. Mahaifiyarta, Annie, tana ƙarama tana aiki a masana'antar niƙa har sai da babbar 'yar uwarta ta ba ta aiki a matsayin mataimakiya. Mary Gawthorpe tana da 'yan'uwa huɗu; jaririya da babbar 'yar'uwa sun mutu cikin shekara ɗaya da juna sakamakon ciwon huhu lokacin da Mary ke da shekaru bakwai, sauran biyun, Annie Gatenby da James Arthur, sun rayu har zuwa lokacin girma. 

Bayan ta cancanci zama malamar makaranta a garinsu na Leeds, tana koyarwa a Makarantar Hough Lane da ke Bramley, Gawthorpe ta zama mai ra'ayin gurguzu kuma ta kasance mai himma a reshen ƙungiyar malamai ta ƙasa . Ta shiga jam'iyyar Labour mai zaman kanta kuma a shekarar 1906 ta zama sakatariya ga sabuwar ƙungiyar mata ta Labour . Ta shiga cikin ƙungiyar mata ta neman 'yancin zaɓe, kuma a shekarar 1905 ta shiga ƙungiyar mata ta zamantakewa da siyasa . A shekarar 1906, ta bar koyarwa don zama mai shirya WSPU na cikakken lokaci, mai albashi. Sylvia Pankhurst ta zo Leicester a shekarar 1907 ta haɗu da Alice Hawkins wadda ta gabatar da ɗalibai. Gawthorpe ta haɗu da su kuma suka kafa ƙungiyar WSPU a Leicester. [1]

Gawthorpe memba ce mai himma a Leeds Arts Club, bayan saurayinta ɗan jarida ya gabatar da ita ga ƙungiyar. Ta yi abota ta kud da kud da Alfred Orage wanda malami ne na makarantar firamare a Leeds. A cikin tarihin rayuwarta, Gawthorpe ta bayyana wurin karatu mai natsuwa da tarurrukan rukuni na ƙungiyar, wanda ke raba wurare tare da Fabian Society da Theosophic Society . Membobi sau da yawa suna wucewa, kuma Gawthorpe ta bayyana yadda ta gamu da rubuce-rubucen Annie Besant a kulob ɗin da kuma ra'ayoyin ilimin falsafa game da gaskiya da daidaito. Ƙungiyar ta ƙarfafa mata su shiga cikin muhawara, wanda Gawthorpe ya bayyana a matsayin mai kawo 'sabon gaskiyar fasaha cikin sani'. 

Daga baya ta shiga Christabel Pankhurst a Wales, inda ta yi amfani da tarihinta na ma'aikata da kuma shigarta cikin ƙungiyar kwadago. A taron da aka yi a Wales, wanda Samuel Evans ya shirya, wanda ke takarar sake tsayawa takara a Majalisar Dokoki, Gawthorpe, cikin cikakkiyar Welsh, ya damu Evans ta hanyar yi masa tambayoyi da harshensa a tarurrukansa.  Shugaban taron ya fara waƙar ƙasa ta Welsh, amma Gawthorpe ta mayar da wannan ga amfaninta ta hanyar jagorantar waƙa da muryarta mai daɗi wadda ta "sami ƙarin nasara a zukatan mutane". 

A shekarar 1907, Gawthorpe ta yi kamfen a yakin neman zaben Rutland . Ta shirya wani taro a bude a Uppingham, kuma yayin da take tsaye a kan keken hawa tare da wasu mata da dama, taron "matasa masu hayaniya suka fara zubar da ' ido' na na'a da sauran kayan zaki masu tauri".  Ba tare da ta damu da yaran da ke ihu ba, saboda lokacin da ta yi a matsayin malamar makaranta, ta amsa da cewa, "Abinci ga mai daɗi", da murmushi a fuskarta ta ci gaba da jayayya har sai da aka jefa ƙwai daga taron ya buge ta a kai, ta suma. An ɗauke ta amma ta dawo washegari, kamar "mai son gaskiya", ba tare da ta damu ba. Sylvia Pankhurst ta rubuta cewa "abin da ya faru da kuma ruhinta mai ƙarfi, sun sanya ta zama jarumar Zaɓen". 

## Manazarta