Fuller Albright

**Fuller Albright** (Janairu 12, 1900 - Disamba 8, 1969) ƙwararren likitan cututtukan zuciya ne na Amurka wanda ya ba da gudummawa da yawa a fanninsa, musamman a fannin metabolism na calcium .  Albright ya yi manyan ci gaba da gudummawa wajen fahimtar cututtuka da ke da alaƙa da rashin daidaituwar calcium da phosphate a jiki. Shi ma marubuci ne da aka buga kuma a cikin littattafansa ya yi cikakken bayani game da bincikensa. 

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Albright a ranar 12 ga Janairu, 1900, a Buffalo, New York . Shi ne ɗa na uku ga John J. Albright, wani fitaccen ɗan kasuwa kuma mai taimakon jama'a wanda ya gina Albright Art Gallery a Buffalo, da Susan Fuller, wacce ta kammala karatunta a Kwalejin Smith wacce ita ce matar Albright ta biyu. Albright yana da 'ya'ya uku daga aurensa na farko da kuma shida daga aurensa da Fuller. Kakanin mahaifiyarsa sune Eben da Nancy Fuller, na Lancaster, Massachusetts .  Kakanin mahaifinsa sune Joseph Jacob da Elizabeth S. Albright, dukkansu daga Pennsylvania .

Iyalin sun fito ne daga Andrew Albright, wani maƙerin bindiga wanda ke samar da makamai ga sojojin Rundunar Sojojin Nahiyar a lokacin Yaƙin Juyin Juya Hali, wanda ya zo Amurka a 1750.  Joseph ya kasance mai sayar da kwal ga Kamfanin Canal na Delaware da Hudson da kuma Delaware, Lackawanna da Western Railway, kuma daga ƙarshe, Shugaban Bankin Ƙasa na Farko . 

### Ilimi
Albright ya shiga Kwalejin Harvard yana da shekaru goma sha bakwai. Bayan kammala karatunsa *na cum laude* shekaru uku bayan haka, ya shiga Makarantar Likitanci ta Harvard a kaka ta 1920. Duk da cewa da farko ya fara sha'awar tiyatar haihuwa da ta kashin baya, gano insulin ya ja hankalinsa ga likitancin ciki, musamman nazarin metabolism . Bayan horonsa a Asibitin Massachusetts, ya fara wani shiri na bincike na shekara guda tare da Joseph Charles Aub, musamman kan metabolism na calcium da gubar gubar . 

Daga baya ya zama mataimakin mazaunin Warfield Longcope a Asibitin Johns Hopkins da Makarantar Magunguna ta Johns Hopkins da ke Baltimore, inda ya yi gwaje-gwaje da yawa ba tare da ya fahimci muhimmancin su ba tare da abokinsa John Eager Howard. Daga nan ya yi shekara guda a Vienna tare da masanin cututtuka Jakob Erdheim . 

## Sana'a
A farkon shekarun 1930 ya koma Boston, inda ya zama memba na ma'aikatan Babban Asibitin Massachusetts (MGH). A MGH, ya haɓaka ƙungiyar bincike ta endocrinology cikin sauri.  A cikin 1939, ya fara haɗin gwiwa na dogon lokaci na bincike tare da Anne Pappenheimer Forbes . 

An yaba wa Albright da abubuwan da aka gano a fannin likitanci da dama. Ya bayyana polyostotic fibrous dysplasia (wani nau'in wannan cuta *mai* wani sinadari na endocrine wanda daga baya aka kira shi McCune-Albright syndrome ), siffofin asibiti da na cututtuka da nau'ikan hyperparathyroidism daban-daban (yawan samar da hormone na parathyroid ta hanyar glandar parathyroid ), tsarin cutar Cushing, da kuma renal tubular acidosis (rashin iyawar kodan wajen daidaita ma'aunin acid-base a jiki), kuma ya fahimci mahimmancin daina al'ada ga osteoporosis .  Ya kuma fayyace nau'ikan adrenal hyperplasia na haihuwa .  An san shi da Lightwood-Albright syndrome, wani nau'in renal tubular acidosis. 

### Naɗi da girmamawa
A shekarar 1941, an zaɓe Albright a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka .  Shi ne shugaban Ƙungiyar Binciken Asibiti ta Amurka (1943–1944), Ƙungiyar Nazarin Sirrin Ciki (1945–1946) da Ƙungiyar Endocrine (1946–1947). A shekarar 1955, an zaɓe shi a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Ƙasa . 

Tun daga shekarar 1981, ƙungiyar binciken ƙashi da ma'adanai ta Amurka ke ba da kyautar Fuller Albright kowace shekara don girmama nasarorin kimiyya a fannin binciken ƙashi da ma'adinai. 

* Kyautar Roche-Organnon a fannin ilimin halittar jiki (1947)
* Kyautar Kwalejin Likitoci ta Amurka don Nasara a Magungunan Cikin Gida (1947)
* Kyautar Borden, Ƙungiyar Kwalejojin Likitoci ta Amurka, saboda "gudummawar da ta bayar ta musamman ga fahimtar yadda ƙashi da sauran kyallen takarda ke aiki." (1949)
* Kyautar Joseph Goldberger ta Majalisar Abinci da Gina Jiki ta Ƙungiyar Likitoci ta Amurka (1951)
* Digirin digirgir a fannin Kimiyya, Jami'ar Harvard (1955)
* Ambato, Babban Asibitin Massachusetts, saboda kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin fitattun likitoci 15 waɗanda suka sami horo da wuri a asibiti (1961)

## Rayuwa ta sirri
A shekarar 1930, ya haɗu da Claire Birge (1906-1990) daga Greenwich, Connecticut, 'yar Walter William Birge da Mabelle Clair Brown, kuma a shekarar 1933, suka yi aure. A matsayin kyautar aure, mahaifin Albright ya saya musu gida a Brookline, Massachusetts kusa da jagoran ƙungiyar Serge Koussevitzky . Tare, sun haifi 'ya'ya maza biyu:

* Karanta Albright (1939-2011), wanda ya auri Jo Anne Pierson  
* Birge Albright, (1935-2023) wacce ta auri Carol Bonomo (haihuwa 1938), marubuciya 

Albright ya kamu da cutar Parkinson a shekarar 1937. A shekarar 1956, alamun cutar sun yi tsauri sosai har ya yi gwajin tiyatar kwakwalwa, wato pallidotomy na sinadarai (share globus pallidus ta hanyar allurar barasa ). Maganin da ke hannun dama ya yi nasara, amma aikin gefen hagu ya yi rikitarwa ta hanyar zubar jini, wanda ya bar shi a hankali da suma.  na sauran shekaru 13 na rayuwarsa, inda aka yi masa jinya a Babban Asibitin Massachusetts.  (Daga baya, Claire ta auri Richard Horace Bassett (1900-1995), wani mai zane kuma marubuci.  )

## Mutuwa da gado
Albright ya mutu a ranar 8 ga Disamba, 1969.  An sanya wa alamar Albright dimple suna saboda shi. 

## Manazarta