Shane MacGowan

**Shane Patrick Lysaght MacGowan** (25 Disamba 1957 30 ga Nuwamba 2023) mawaki ne kuma mawaƙi ɗan Birtaniya da Irish [ a ], wanda aka fi sani da babban mawaƙin kuma babban mawaƙin Celtic punk band Pogues . Ya sami yabo saboda rubuta waƙoƙinsa, wanda galibi ya mayar da hankali kan ƙwarewar ƙaura daga Ireland ; ya kuma sami karbuwa sosai daga kafofin watsa labarai a rayuwarsa, wanda ya haɗa da shekaru da yawa na shan giya mai yawa da shan muggan ƙwayoyi.

An haife shi a Kent, Ingila, MacGowan ya yi ƙuruciyarsa a Tipperary, Ireland, kafin ya koma Ingila tare da iyalinsa yana da shekaru shida. Ya sami tallafin karatu a Makarantar Westminster amma an kore shi a shekararsa ta biyu saboda laifukan miyagun ƙwayoyi. A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, ya yi watanni shida a kula da tabin hankali a Asibitin Bethlem Royal saboda shan miyagun ƙwayoyi da barasa. Ya fara aiki a fagen wasan punk na London a ƙarƙashin sunan Shane O'Hooligan, kuma a shekarar 1977, tare da budurwarsa Shanne Bradley a wancan lokacin, ya kafa ƙungiyar mawakansa ta farko, Nips .

A shekarar 1982, tare da Spider Stacy da Jem Finer, MacGowan sun kafa Pogues, waɗanda suka haɗa tasirin punk da kiɗan gargajiya na Irish . Bayan sun gina suna tare da shirye-shiryensu kai tsaye a mashaya da kulab na London, ƙungiyar ta fitar da kundin waƙoƙinsu na farko, *Red Roses for Me*, a shekarar 1984. MacGowan shine babban mawaƙi kuma babban mawaƙi a cikin kundin waƙoƙi biyar na farko na ƙungiyar, ciki har da *Rum Sodomy &amp;amp; the Lash* (1985) da kuma *If I Should Fall from Grace with God* (1988) wanda aka yaba da kuma ya yi nasara a fannin kasuwanci. MacGowan da Finer sun rubuta waƙar Kirsimeti mai suna " Fairytale of New York " (1987), wadda MacGowan ya yi rikodin a matsayin waƙar duet tare da Kirsty MacColl ; waƙar ta kasance waƙar da aka fi so a Kirsimeti a Ireland da Birtaniya kuma an ba ta takardar shaidar sextuple platinum a Burtaniya a shekarar 2023.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi MacGowan a ranar 25 ga Disamba, 1957 a Pembury, Kent,   ɗan iyayensa 'yan Ireland waɗanda suka ziyarci 'yan uwa a Ingila a lokacin haihuwarsa.  MacGowan ya yi ƙuruciyarsa a Tipperary, Ireland.  An haifi ƙanwarsa, Siobhan MacGowan, a shekarar 1963; daga baya ta zama 'yar jarida, marubuci, kuma marubuciya. MacGowan da iyalinsa sun ƙaura zuwa Ingila lokacin da yake da shekaru shida da rabi. Mahaifinsa, Maurice, daga matsakaicin aji a Dublin, yana aiki a ofisoshin shagon C&amp;amp;A ; mahaifiyarsa, Therese, daga Tipperary, tana aiki a matsayin mai buga rubutu a gidan sufi, bayan da a da mawaƙiya ce, mai rawa ta gargajiya ta Irish, kuma mai tallan kayan kawa. 

MacGowan ya rayu a sassa da dama na kudu maso gabashin Ingila, kamar Brighton, London, da kuma yankunan da aka haife shi, kuma ya halarci makarantar gwamnati ta Turanci . Mahaifinsa ya ƙarfafa sha'awarsa ga adabi; yana ɗan shekara 11, MacGowan yana karatun marubuta ciki har da Fyodor Dostoyevsky, John Steinbeck, da James Joyce .  Yana ɗan shekara 13, yana cikin waɗanda suka lashe gasar adabi da *Daily Mirror* ta dauki nauyin shiryawa.  A shekarar 1971, ya bar makarantar shirya karatu ta Holmewood House da ke Langton Green, Kent, tare da tallafin karatu ga Makarantar Westminster .  An same shi yana da ƙwayoyi, an kore shi a shekararsa ta biyu.  Yana da shekara 17, ya yi watanni shida a asibitin masu tabin hankali saboda shan ƙwayoyi; yayin da yake can, an kuma gano yana da matsananciyar damuwa.  Ya yi rajista na ɗan lokaci a Makarantar Fasaha ta St Martin, ya yi aiki a shagon rikodin Rocks Off da ke tsakiyar London,  kuma ya fara wani mawakin punk a ƙarƙashin sunan Shane O'Hooligan.  An fara ambatonsa a bainar jama'a a shekarar 1976 a wani wasan kwaikwayo da ƙungiyar mawakan punk rock ta London Clash ta yi, inda Jane Crockford, 'yar wasan bass ta Mo-dettes, ta lalata ƙashin kunnensa. Wani mai ɗaukar hoto ya ɗauki hotonsa cike da jini, wanda aka ruwaito a cikin jaridar kiɗa *ta NME* mai taken "Canibalism at Clash Gig".     Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka, shi da ɗan wasan bass Shanne Bradley suka kafa ƙungiyar punk mai suna Nipple Erectors (wanda daga baya aka sani da Nips). 

## Sana'a

### 1977–1982: Farkon aikin kiɗa
A shekarar 1977, MacGowan ya shiga fagen wasan punk na London a matsayin jagoran ƙungiyar The Nipple Erectors, wanda daga baya aka sake masa suna The Nips, ƙungiyar da ta haɗu da tasirin punk da rockabilly kuma ta sami karbuwa a cikin da'irar kiɗa mai zaman kanta bayan sun fitar da waƙoƙi da yawa kafin su wargaje a farkon shekarun 1980. A wannan lokacin, MacGowan ya kuma jagoranci wani aiki mai ɗan gajeren lokaci mai suna The New Republicans, wanda ke nuna sha'awarsa ta haɗa tasirin mutanen Irish da punk. A cikin waɗannan shekarun, MacGowan ya nutse cikin yanayin punk na London, amma lokacin bazara a County Tipperary da kuma yadda ya girma a cikin gidan Irish suma sun sa shi ya daɗe a cikin kiɗan gargajiya da al'adun jamhuriya. A farkon shekarun 1980, ya fara haɗin gwiwa da Spider Stacy da Jem Finer a cikin wani aikin gefen Irish wanda daga ƙarshe ya zama Pogue Mahone (wanda daga baya aka sake masa suna The Pogues), wanda ke nuna sauyawa daga farkon punk zuwa sautin haɗin gwiwa wanda zai ayyana aikinsa.  

## Rayuwa ta sirri

A ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, 2018, bayan shekaru da dama da kuma auren shekaru 11, MacGowan ya auri 'yar jaridar Ireland Victoria Mary Clarke a Copenhagen. Sun zauna a Dublin .  MacGowan ɗan Roman Katolika ne, yana kiran kansa "mai tsattsauran ra'ayin addini mai 'yanci" wanda shi ma ya yi addu'a ga Buddha . Tun yana matashi, ya ɗauki matsayin firist. 

### Siyasa
A wata hira da ya yi da  a shekarar 1997, MacGowan ya ce yana fatan " tsarin zaman lafiya " ya yi nasara, amma ya yi imanin cewa zai "zama wani tsari mai tsawo da aka daɗe ana jira". Ya ƙara da cewa yana fatan samun mafita cikin sauri wadda za ta kai ga "Turanci" ya bar dukkan ikon mallakar ƙasashen Ireland, kuma a mayar da Ireland " jamhuriyar gurguzu ". 

### Lafiya da jaraba
MacGowan "ya yi fama da matsalolin lafiya na dogon lokaci, wanda ya ƙara ta'azzara ta hanyar gwagwarmayar da aka rubuta da kyau game da shan muggan kwayoyi".  Ya kasance "wanda aka san shi da yawan shan ƙwayoyi kuma yana iya fuskantar rauni na jiki". 

MacGowan ya fara shan barasa yana ɗan shekara biyar, lokacin da iyalinsa suka ba shi Guinness don ya taimaka masa ya yi barci. Mahaifinsa yakan kai shi mashaya na gida yayin da yake shan giya tare da abokansa.  Ya sha wahala sakamakon shekaru da yawa na shan giya .  MacGowan ya kuma yi amfani da LSD,  kuma ya kamu da jarabar heroin a lokacin da yake tare da Pogues. A shekarun 1980, "ya ji rauni akai-akai a lokacin faɗuwa kuma motoci masu motsi suka buge shi".  Yayin da yake New Zealand a lokacin rangadin Pogues na 1988, MacGowan "ya yi wa ɗakin otal ɗinsa fenti, fuska da kirjinsa shuɗi, a bayyane yake saboda 'maoris suna magana da ni'". Matsalolin da suka taso daga shan giya da shan muggan kwayoyi sun sa aka kore shi daga Pogues a 1991, kuma ya kamu da ciwon ciki da kuma ciwon hanta na giya a shekarun 1990.  MacGowan yakan yi wasa a kan dandamali kuma yana yin tambayoyi yayin da yake maye. A shekarar 2004, a shirin mujallar siyasa ta BBC TV *mai suna This Week*, ya bayar da amsoshi marasa tushe da kuma marasa tushe ga tambayoyi daga Janet Street-Porter game da haramcin shan taba a bainar jama'a a Ireland. 

An kwantar da MacGowan a asibiti saboda kamuwa da cuta a ranar 6 ga Disamba, 2022.   An gano yana da cutar encephalitis ta kwayar cuta .  Kwanaki bayan da MacGowan ya shiga asibiti, Clarke ta shaida wa jaridar *Irish Independent* cewa "yana kama da mutum mai lafiya yanzu - yana jin haushi saboda ba zai iya shan giya a asibiti ba". An ruwaito Clarke ta kara da cewa ta bukaci MacGowan da ya "bar salon rayuwarsa mai wahala", amma kokarinta bai yi nasara ba. 

## Mutuwa
An ruwaito a ranar 23 ga Yuli, 2023 cewa an kwantar da MacGowan a wani asibiti mai kula da marasa lafiya .  Bayan an yi masa magani saboda kamuwa da cuta, mutane da yawa sun ziyarce shi yayin da yake asibiti. An sallame shi daga Asibitin Jami'ar St. Vincent a ranar 23 ga Nuwamba, 2023 bayan watanni huɗu na magani, amma ba da daɗewa ba aka sake kwantar da shi da wani kamuwa da cuta.   Da ƙarfe 3:30&nbsp;a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba, yayin da ake yi masa ibada ta ƙarshe, MacGowan ya mutu sakamakon ciwon huhu tare da matarsa da ƙanwarsa a gefensa; yana da shekaru 65.    Ya bar wani fili na €849,733, wanda ya yi wasiyya da shi ga matarsa. 

### MANAZARTA