Dogon harsuna

## Dangantaka ta waje

Shaidar da ke danganta Dogon da dangin Nijar-Congo galibi lambobi ne da wasu mahimman kalmomi. An gabatar da ra'ayoyi daban-daban, suna sanya su tare da Gur, Mande, ko kuma a matsayin reshe mai zaman kansa, na karshe yanzu shine hanyar da aka fi so. Harsunan Dogon suna nuna raguwa kadan na tsarin aji na yawancin Nijar-Congo, wanda ke jagorantar masana harsuna don kammala cewa mai yiwuwa sun rabu da Nijar-Kongo da wuri.  &#x5B;**'</sup>

Harsunan Bamana da Fula sun yi tasiri sosai a kan Dogon, saboda dangantakarsu ta al'adu da ƙasa.

Blench (2015) ya yi hasashen cewa harsunan Bangime da Dogon na iya samun tushe daga reshe "ya bace" na Nilo-Saharan wanda ya rabu da wuri daga Proto-Nilo-Sacharan, kuma yana kiran wannan reshe "Plateau".

== Rarrabawar ciki ==
**Harsunan Dogon** kananan dangin harsuna ne da ke da alaka da juna wadanda [[Mutanen Dogon]] na [[Mali]] ke magana kuma suna iya kasancewa cikin [[Harsunan Nijar-Congo|Iyalin Nijar-Congo]] da aka tsara. Akwai kusan masu magana da 600,000 na harsuna goma sha biyu. Su harsuna ne na sauti, kuma mafi yawansu, kamar [[Dogul Dogon|Dogul]], suna da sautuna biyu, amma wasu, kamar Donno So, suna da uku. Tsarin kalmomin su na asali shine [[Magana-abu-kalma|batun-abu-kalma]].

Harshen Dogon da aka fi nazarin shi ne harshen escarpment [[Toro]] So na [[Sangha, Mali|Sanga]], saboda karatun Marcel Griaule a can kuma saboda an zabi Toro So a matsayin daya daga cikin harsuna goma sha uku na kasar Mali. Yana da fahimtar juna tare da wasu nau'ikan tsaunuka. Koyaya, harsunan filayen - Tene Ka, Tomo Ka, da Jamsay, waɗanda ba a fahimta da Toro don haka - suna da ƙarin masu magana.

Harshen Bangime ( Ba géŋri mɛ), wasu suna ɗaukarsa reshe ne mai banbanci na Dogon kuma wasu suna iya ware harshe (Blench 2005b). 

=== Calame-Griaule (1956) ===
Calame-Griaule ya bayyana cewa shi ne na farko da ya yi aiki da nau'ikan Dogon daban-daban. Calame-Griaule (1956) ya rarraba harsuna kamar haka, tare da masauki da aka ba su ga harsunan da aka gano tun daga lokacin (an ruwaito sabbin harsunan Dogon a karshen shekara ta 2005), ko kuma tun daga lokacin an nuna cewa suna da fahimtar juna (kamar yadda Hochstetler ya tabbatar da yarukan tsaunuka). Harsunan da aka saba amfani da su guda biyu suna da alamomi.

* **Filayen Dogon**: Jamsai,* Tego, Filayen Yamma (magana: Togo kã, Tengu kã, Tomo kã) 
* Escarpment Dogon (magana: Yanayi na baya,* Tommo don h, Donno sɔ aka Kamma sɔ)  
* **Yammacin Dogon**: Duleri, Mombo, Ampari-Penange; Budu
* **Arewacin Filayen Dogon**: Bondum, Dogul
* **Yanda**
* **Nanga**: Naŋa, Bankan Tey (Walo), Ben Tey
* **Tebul**

Douyon da Blench (2005) sun ba da rahoton ƙarin iri-iri, wanda har yanzu ba a rarraba shi ba:

* Ana Tiŋa.

Blench ya lura cewa adadi mai yawa a kan sunaye yana nuna cewa Budu ya fi kusa da Mombo, don haka an hada shi a matsayin West Dogon a sama. Ya kuma lura cewa Walo-Kumbe yayi kama da Naŋa; Hochstetler yana zargin cewa yana iya zama Naŋa. Ana iya raba kamanceceniya tsakanin waɗannan harsuna tare da Yanda. Wadannan duk ba a san su sosai ba.

''Glottolog'' 4.3  ya hada rarrabuwa daga Moran & Prokić (2013) da Hochstetler (2004). Moran & Prokić (2013) suna jayayya game da rabuwa ta gabas zuwa yamma a cikin Dogon, tare da Yanda Dom Dogon, Tebul Ure Dogon, da Najamba-Kindige a matsayin asalin yarukan Dogon na yamma waɗanda suka zama masu kama da yarukan Dogons na gabashin saboda hulɗa mai zurfi.

* ***Yammacin Yamma***
** **Yammacin Dogon**
*** Ampari Dogon
*** Bunoge Dogon
*** Mombo Dogon
*** Penange Dogon
*** Tiranige Diga Dogon
** **Arewacin Filayen Dogon**
*** Dogul Dom Dogon
*** Yanda-Bondum-Tebul
**** Najamba-Kindige: ''Bondum Dom, Kindige, Najamba''
**** Tebul Ure Dogon
**** Yanda-Ana
***** Ana Tinga Dogon
***** Yanda Dom Dogon
* ***Yankin Gabas***
** **Dogon mai tsawo**
*** Donno Don Dogon
*** Tommo So Dogon
*** Toro So Dogon: ''Ibi So, Ireli, Sangha So, Yorno So, Youga So''
** **Nangan Dogon**
*** Bankan Tey Dogon
*** Ben Tey Dogon
*** Nanga Dogon
** **Filayen Dogon*'
*** Jamsay Dogon: *Bama, Domno, Gono, Guru, Perge Tegu*
*** Toro Tegu Dogon
*** Yammacin Filayen Dogon
**** Tengou-Togo Dogon: *Gimri Kan, Tengu Kan, Tenu Kan, Togo Kan, Woru Kan*
**** Tomo Kan Dogon

Kwatanta kalmomin kamus na asali na yarukan Dogon,  tare da Bangime: 


== Lambobin ==
Kwatanta lambobi a cikin harsuna daban-daban: 


== Dubi kuma ==

* Harsunan Mali
*  (Wiktionary) 

== Bayani ==
<references />

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==

* Bendor-Samuel, John & Olsen, Elizabeth J. & White, Ann R. (1989) 'Dogon', a cikin Bendor- Samuel & Rhonda L. Hartell (eds.) Harsunan Nijar-Congo: Rarrabawa da bayanin dangin harshe mafi girma na Afirka (shafi na 169-177). &nbsp;Lanham, [[Maryland]]: Jami'ar Jami'ar Amurka.
* Bertho, J. (1953) 'Matsayin yarukan Dogon na dutsen Bandiagara tsakanin sauran kungiyoyin harsuna na yankin Sudan,' Bulletin de l'IFAN, 15, 405-441.
* [Inda Aka Dauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] "Binciken harsunan Dogon a Mali: Bayani". OGMIOS: Jaridar Gidauniyar Harsuna Masu Hadari. 3.02 (26): 14–15. An samo shi a 2011-06-30..
* Blench, Roger (2005b) 'Baŋgi me, wani harshe na ba a san shi ba a Arewacin Mali', OGMIOS: Newsletter of Foundation for Endangered Languages, 3.02 (# 26), 15-16.  (ra'ayi tare da jerin kalmomi) 
* [[Geneviève Calame-Griaule|Calame-Griaule, Geneviève]] (1956) *Harsunan Dogon*. *Afirka*, 26 (1), 62-72.
* [[Geneviève Calame-Griaule|Calame-Griaule, Geneviève]] (1968) Dictionnaire Dogon Dialecte tɔrɔ: Harshe da wayewa. [[Faris|Paris]]: Klincksieck: Paris.
* Heath, Jeffrey (2008) A grammar of Jamsay . Berlin/New York: Tumar Gruyter.
*  
* 
* Plungian, Vladimir Aleksandrovič (1995) *Dogon* (Harsunan kayan duniya vol. 64). München: LINCOM Turai
* Williamson, Kay & Blench, Roger (2000) 'Niger-Congo', a cikin Heine, Bernd da Nurse, Derek (eds) *Harsunan Afirka - Gabatarwa.'' Cambridge: Jami'ar Cambridge Press, shafi na 11-42.&nbsp;

## Haɗin waje

* Dogon da Bangime Harsuna
* Shafin yanar gizon ilimin harshe na Dogon
* Harsunan Dogon akan Rogerblench.info (ya haɗa da bayanan harshe da hotuna) 
* Harsunan Dogon da Harsuna An (sic) Cikakken Bayani na Bayani Abbie Hantgan (2007)