Christopher Plummer

**Arthur Christopher Orme Plummer** CC (13 ga Disamba, 1929 - 5 ga Fabrairu, 2021) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Kanada. Ayyukansa sun kai shekaru bakwai, inda ya sami karbuwa saboda wasan kwaikwayon da ya yi a fim, mataki da talabijin. Kyautarsa ta haɗa da lambar yabo ta Kwalejin, Tony Awards guda biyu da lambar yabo ce ta Primetime Emmy Awards guda biyu, wanda ya sa shi kaɗai ne mai karɓar "Triple Crown of Acting" a Kanada. Ya kuma sami lambar yabo ta BAFTA, lambar yabo ta Golden Globe da lambar yabo ta Screen Actors Guild, da kuma gabatarwa don Kyautar Grammy.

Plummer ya fara bugawa Broadway a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na 1954 The Starcross Story . Ya sami lambar yabo ta Tony sau biyu, daya don Mafi kyawun Actor a cikin Musical yana wasa Cyrano na Bergerac a Cyrano (1974) ɗayan kuma don Mafi kyawun Acctor a cikin Play yana nuna John Barrymore a Barrymore (1997). Sauran rawar da aka zaba na Tony sun hada da *J.B.* (1959), *Othello* (1982), No Man's Land (1994), King Lear (2004) da Inherit the Wind (2007).

Plummer ya fara fim dinsa na farko a Stage Struck (1958), kuma ya fara taka rawa a wannan shekarar a Wind Across the Everglades . Ya zama sunan gida tare da rawar da ya taka a matsayin Kyaftin Georg von Trapp a fim din kiɗa The Sound of Music (1965) tare da Julie Andrews .  A wannan lokacin ya fito a cikin Fall of the Roman Empire (1964), *Waterloo* (1970) da The Man Who Would Be King (1975).

Plummer ya sami lambar yabo ta Kwalejin don Mafi Kyawun Mai Taimako don yin wasa da tsohuwar ɗan luwaɗi a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Comedy-drama Beginners (2011); an zabi shi don wannan lambar yabo don hotunan Leo Tolstoy a cikin wasan kwaikwayon The Last Station (2009) da J. Paul Getty a cikin wasan ƙididdigar aikata laifuka All the Money in the World (2017). An kuma san shi da rawar da ya taka a cikin The Return of the Pink Panther (1975), Somewhere in Time (1980), The Man Who Planted Trees (1987), Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country (1991), *Malcolm X* (1992), The Insider (1999), A Beautiful Mind (2001), The New World (2005), Syriana (2005), Inside Man (2006), The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011) da Knives Out (2019).

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Arthur Christopher Orme Plummer  a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1929,  a Toronto, Ontario. Shi kaɗai ne ɗan John Orme Plummer (1894-1977), wanda ya sayar da hannun jari da sauran kadarori,  da Isabella Mary Abbott, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin sakatare ga Dean na Kimiyya a Jami'ar McGill, kuma jikokin Firayim Minista na Kanada Sir John Abbott ne. A gefen mahaifinsa, kakan kawun Plummer ya kasance lauya ne kuma wakili F. B. Fetherstonhaugh .  Plummer kuma dan uwan dan wasan piano na gargajiya na Kanada Janina Fialkowska ne  kuma dan uwan na biyu na ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Nigel Bruce, wanda aka sani da nuna Dokta Watson ga Sherlock Holmes na Basil Rathbone.

Plummer bai taba halartar jami'a ba, wani abu da ya yi nadama duk rayuwarsa. Kodayake mahaifiyarsa da dangin mahaifinsa suna da alaƙa da Jami'ar McGill, bai taɓa zama ɗalibin McGill ba.

A shekara ta 1946, ya ja hankalin mai sukar Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na *Montreal Gazette* Herbert Whittaker tare da aikinsa a matsayin Mista Darcy a cikin shirin makarantar sakandare ta Montreal na Pride and Prejudice . Whittaker ya kuma kasance darektan mataki na Montreal Repertory, kuma ya jefa Plummer yana da shekaru 18 a matsayin Oedipus a cikin Jean Cocteau's La Machine infernale .  

## Ayyuka

### 1948-1964: Matsayi na farko da wasan kwaikwayo na farko

### 1965-1979: Sauti na Kiɗa da Fitowa

Plummer ya kasance sananne ne saboda yadda ya nuna Kyaftin Von Trapp saboda nasarar da ya samu a ofishin akwatin da kuma ci gaba da shahara da Robert Wise-directed musical epic The Sound of Music (1965). Plummer ya yi aiki tare da Julie Andrews, kuma fim din ya sami lambar yabo ta Kwalejin biyar, gami da Hoton Mafi Kyawu. Kodayake ya ji kunya, da farko, game da rawar, wanda Plummer ya bayyana a matsayin "mummunan kuma mai tausayi da kuma gogewa",  fim din ya zama tarihin fina-finai, ya zama fim din da ya fi girma, ya wuce Gone with the Wind.  Ya sami dukkan fannoni na yin fim din da ba shi da kyau, sai dai yin aiki tare da Andrews, kuma ya guje wa amfani da sunansa, a maimakon haka ya kira shi "wannan fim din", "S&M" da "The Sound of Mucus". Ya ki halartar taron 40th Anniversary, amma ya ba da sharhi game da fitowar DVD ta 2005.

Ya sauƙaƙe don bikin cika shekaru 45 kuma ya bayyana tare da cikakken simintin a kan *Oprah Winfrey Show* a ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 2010.  A shekara ta 2009, Plummer ya ce ya kasance "ya ɗan gaji da halin". Ya ce: "Ko da yake mun yi aiki tuƙuru don sa shi mai ban sha'awa, yana da ɗan yi kama da bulala ga doki da ya mutu. Kuma batun ba nawa ba ne. Ina nufin, ba zai iya yin kira ga kowane mutum a duniya ba. "  Duk da haka, ya yarda cewa fim ɗin da kansa an yi shi da kyau kuma yana alfahari da kasancewa da alaƙa da fim ɗin da irin wannan kira. "Amma fim ne da aka yi da kyau, kuma fim ne na iyali kuma ba mu ga fim din iyali ba, ban tsammanin, a wannan sikelin na shekaru ba. "  A cikin wata hira ya ce yana da "matsananciyar tunanin" na yin fim din. 

Ya kasance a cikin Inside Daisy Clover (1965), sannan ya buga wakilin yakin duniya na biyu Eddie Chapman a cikin Triple Cross (1966), kuma yana da rawar goyon baya a matsayin Field Marshal Erwin Rommel a cikin The Night of the Generals (1967). An jefa Plummer don maye gurbin Rex Harrison don daidaita fim na Doctor *Dolittle* . Daga baya aka sauya wannan shawarar, amma duk da haka an biya Plummer $ 87,500 don sanya hannu kan kwangilar. A lokaci guda, Plummer yana yin wasan kwaikwayon The Royal Hunt of the Sun kuma duk sa hannun Dolittle ya kasance takaice sosai har Plummer bai taɓa rasa wasan kwaikwayon ba. Plummer yana da matsayi a cikin Oedipus the King (1968) da *[[The High Commissioner (film)|Babban Kwamishinan]]* (1968), yana wasa da Australiya a ƙarshen. Plummer na ɗaya daga cikin taurari da yawa a cikin *[[Battle of Britain (film)|Yaƙin Burtaniya]]* (1969), kuma ya jagoranci a cikin kiɗa, Lock Up Your Daughters (1969).  A cikin fim din 1969 na The Royal Hunt of the Sun, Plummer ya buga Inca Emperor Atahualpa ga Robert Shaw's Pizarro .  A allon, Plummer ya nuna Duke na Wellington a *[[Waterloo (1970 film)|Waterloo]]* (1970). *[[The Pyx|Pyx]]* (1973) shi ne fim dinsa na farko na Kanada. Ya buga Rudyard Kipling a cikin The Man Who Would Be King (1975). Ya kuma bayyana a cikin wasan kwaikwayo The Return of the Pink Panther (1975), tare da Peter Sellers da The Silent Partner (1978) a gaban Elliott Gould . Ya bayyana a cikin *[[Aces High (film)|Aces High]]* (1976), *[[Starcrash]]* (1978), International Velvet (1978) da Murder by Decree (1979) (yana wasa da Sherlock Holmes).

## Manazarta