Ojapali

**Ojapali** al'ada ce ta waƙar labari da rawa ta Assamese wadda ƙungiyar *oja* (jagora) ke jagoranta kuma ƙungiyar *mawaƙa* (corus) ke tallafawa. Masana sun gano tushenta daga al'adar ***kathakata*** ta Indiya (babban labarin labarai) kuma sun ƙirƙiro ta tun kafin ƙungiyar neo-Vaishnavite a Assam .   Ana ɗaukar gundumar Darrang a matsayin cibiyar tarihi ta wasan kwaikwayo ta Ojapali, musamman tun daga lokacin Sarki Dharmanarayana (1615–1637).  Siffar ta haɗa da labarin waƙa, tattaunawa, motsin hannu da wasan kwaikwayo na rabin-ƙira, tare da ƙananan kuge ( *khutishaal* ).  

## Asalin da kuma yanayin tarihi
Ana ɗaukar Ojapali a matsayin wanda ya samo asali daga al'adar ***kathakata*** ta ba da labari, wanda aka daidaita shi da al'adun gida da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na al'umma.  Saƙonnin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin almara sun ambaci sake ba da labarin Assamese game da *Ramayana* da *Mahabharata*, yayin da saƙonnin da ba na almara ba sun samo asali ne daga ayyukan ibada na Śākta (Shakti).  Tsarin ya haɗu a ƙarƙashin masarautar Kamata kuma an yi masa talla a Darrang a ƙarƙashin Sarki Dharmanarayana. A cikin ƙarni na sha biyar zuwa sha shida, Ojapali ya haɗu da ƙungiyar Bhakti a Assam; marubutan daga baya sun lura cewa abubuwan Ojapali sun ba da gudummawa ga ci gaba a cikin wasan kwaikwayo da kiɗa da ke da alaƙa da satras na neo-Vaishnavite. 

Masana tarihi da dama a fannin fasaha da kuma masana wasan kwaikwayo sun kuma nuna cewa karin maganar wasan kwaikwayo ta Srimanta Śaṅkaradeva ( *Ankiya Naat* / *Bhaona* ) ta samu tasiri daga Ojapali.  

## Aiki da salo
Kungiyar Ojapali yawanci tana ƙunshe da **oja** (jagora) da **pali** huɗu ko biyar (mawaƙa). Babban mawaƙin, ***Daina-pali***, yana tsaye a gefen dama na oja kuma yana ci gaba da labarin ta hanyar sake haɗuwa da bayani.   Wasan kwaikwayo ya haɗa waƙoƙin waƙa, tattaunawa, aikin ƙafa mai ƙarfi da motsin hannu; ƙungiyar tana kiyaye lokaci tare da *khutiyaal* (ƙananan kuge), kuma a wasu yanayi ana iya haɗa su da wasu tallafi na buguwa.  Kayan ado sun bambanta da nau'in ƙasa: Ƙungiyar Byah galibi tana amfani da fararen rawani da *chapkan*, yayin da Sattriya Ojapali ke ɗaukar kayan sanyawa da kayan ado daidai da aikin sattra. 

## Bambance-bambance / siffofi
Majiyoyin ilimi galibi suna bambance manyan siffofi guda uku, wani lokacin ana haɗa su a ƙarƙashin kanun "babban tushe" da "babban tushe/mai alaƙa da Śākta":  

* **Byah/Bigoya (Vyāsa-gowa) Ojapali** - tushen almara; ruwayoyi daga *Ramayana*, *Mahabharata*, *Bhagavata Purana* da sauran jigogi masu tsarki. 
* **Sukananni / Maroi-gowa (Manasā) Ojapali** – Śākta-linked; labaran al'ada sun mayar da hankali kan allahiyar maciji Manasā ( *Maroi* ). Yawancin ƙungiyoyi suna rera *padāvali* wanda mawaƙi Narayanadeva ya rubuta a cikin al'adar *Padma-Purana* . Baruah, Sudarshan (2023). "Nau'ukan Ojapali: Sattriya Ojapali da Manasha Ojapali" (PDF) . *Naad-Nartan: Jaridar Rawa & Kiɗa* .
* **Ramayani Ojapali** – wasan kwaikwayo ya mayar da hankali kan shirye-shiryen *Ramayana* . 

Bugu da ƙari, wani **Sattriya Ojapali** na musamman ya samo asali a cikin yanayin sattra; masana sun bayyana shi a matsayin daidaitawar Śaṅkaradeva, yana haɗa abubuwan Byah tare da kyawun sankari. "Kiɗan Satriya Ojapali na Assam da Abubuwan da ke Cikinsa na Gargajiya" (PDF) . *Sangeet Galaxy* .

## Muhimmancin al'adu
Sukananni/Manasā Ojapali tana da alaƙa da bautar Śākta da kuma al'adar da ta shafi haikali a ƙananan Assam, musamman labaran Beula-Lakhindar da ke da alaƙa da ibadar Manasā  .  Bayan al'ada, Ojapali ya yi aiki a matsayin hanyar koyar da ɗabi'a, tunawa da al'umma, kuma a ƙarni na ashirin, wayar da kan jama'a.  

## Yaɗuwar ƙasa
An kafa Ojapali a tarihi a Darrang na yanzu (ciki har da Mangaldai da Sipajhar ), kuma ya ci gaba a sassan ƙananan Assam kamar Nalbari, Kamrup, Bajali, Baksa da Udalguri, tare da masu aiki a Tezpur da gundumomin da ke maƙwabtaka da su. An kuma bayar da rahoton wasannin kwaikwayo na zamani daga ƙungiyoyin Mangaldai waɗanda almajiran Oja Upendra Kalita suka jagoranta.

## Fitattun masu aiki

* **Lalit Chandra Nath (Lalit Oja)** - mai magana da Sukananni Ojapali; Kyautar Sangeet Natak Akademi (1983) da lambar yabo ta Rabindranath Tagore (2012); aiki na dogon lokaci a Sipajhar. "Duk duniya fage ne ga Lalit Chandra Nath Ojha" .
* **Kinaram Nath Oja** – Sangeet Natak Akademi Award (2012) for Sukanani Ojapali. "Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowships and Akademi Awards 2012" .
* **Durgabar Kayasta** – mawaƙin farko – mai yin wasan kwaikwayo da ke da alaƙa da  (repertoire *Ramayana* na waƙar).
* **Baloram Konwar da troupe** - ƙungiyar Byah Ojapali mai tushen Mangaldai mai aiki a cikin 1990s-2010s, almajiran Oja Upendra Kalita.

## Kiyayewa da Farfaɗowa
Hanyoyin tallafi sun haɗa da fansho na masu fasaha, bita da tsare-tsaren horo a ƙarƙashin Ma'aikatar Al'adu da Sangeet Natak Akademi; shirye-shiryen jami'a da na ƙungiyoyin farar hula suma sun rubuta kuma sun koyar da wannan tsari.  "Kyakkyawan aikin Artiste" . Rahoton zamani ya lura da ci gaba da aiki da ƙalubalen rayuwa ga ƙungiyoyi, musamman a lokacin annobar COVID-19. 

## Duba kuma

* Sattriya
* Bhaona
* Rawar Deodhani

## Manazarta