Tangier ta Fotugal

**Portuguese Tangier** ( Arabic   ; Portuguese   ) ya ƙunshi lokacin mulkin Portuguese akan Tangier, yau birni ne a Maroko . Masarautar Portugal ta mallaki yankin daga 1471 zuwa 1661.

## Tarihi

Bayan Portuguese sun fara fadadawa su ta hanyar karbar Ceuta a matsayin fansa ga fashi a cikin 1415, Tangier ya zama babban burin. Portugal ta yi ƙoƙari ta kama Tangier a cikin 1437, 1458, da 1464 amma kawai ta yi nasara a ranar 28 ga watan Agusta 1471 bayan yawan jama'arta sun bar birnin bayan nasarar Portuguese na Asilah .  [3]

Daga Asilah Sarki Afonso V ya aika Marquis na Montemor Dom João a gaban babban dakarun sojoji don mamaye Tangier, kuma ya zaba a matsayin kyaftin dinta na farko Rodrigo Afonso de Melo, wanda ya hau mulki tare da garuruwa bayan Marquis ya tafi tare da sauran dakarunsa.  Sojojin farko na Tangier a cikin 1471 sun ƙidaya mahayan dawakai 40; sojan ƙasa 470, daga cikinsu 130 sun kasance masu tsinkaye; masu bindiga 10, 'yan kallo 6.

An yi la'akari da Tangier da yawa ga Portuguese don karewa yadda ya kamata, saboda haka Sarki Afonso V ya ba da umarnin cewa a rushe kashi uku cikin huɗu na birnin kuma a ƙuntata ganuwar ga sauran ɓangaren.

Kamar yadda yake a Ceuta, sun canza babban masallacinsa zuwa babban coci na garin; an kara kyawanta shi da ayyukan gyara da yawa.[7] Baya ga babban coci, Portuguese sun gina gidaje na salon Turai da kuma masallatai da masallatai na Franciscan da Dominican.

### Harin Tangier, 1501
A cikin 1501, Sultan na Fez ya tara sojoji 12000 don kai hari kan Tangier. An gargadi kyaftin din Tangier Dom Rodrigo de Castro game da harin da ke gabatowa jim kadan kafin sojojin Fez su isa kusa da na wani manzo kare wanda ya zo daga Portuguese Asilah tare da saƙo da aka rataye a wuyansa. Dom Rodrigo ya shirya garuruwan, ya yi taro don rufe koma baya na manoma da shanu har yanzu a waje da ganuwar, kuma bayan da aka ji masa rauni a fuska kuma ya rasa mutane 9 ciki har da ɗansa, sai ya janye a bayan ganuwar birni. Bayan yaƙi a ƙofar, Sultan ya janye tare da sojojinsa bayan kwana huɗu don ya kai hari Asilah a maimakon haka.

### Tarihin baya

Wattasids sun kai hari Tangier a cikin 1508, 1511, da 1515 amma ba tare da nasara ba.

A shekara ta 1508, Duarte na Menezes na gaba ɗan Portugal na Indiya ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin kyaftin na Tangier, aikin da ya riga ya yi yadda ya kamata a cikin sunan mahaifinsa tun 1507.  Ya sami suna mai ban tsoro a matsayin shugaban soja a cikin ayyuka da yawa a kusa da Tangier . 

Sultan na Fez Abu Abd Allah al-Burtuqali Muhammad ibn Muhammad ya kewaye Tangier a cikin 1511. Ya yi nasarar rushe wani bangare na kariya kuma ya karya iyakokin tsaro, duk da haka rundunar da ke karkashin umurnin Dom Duarte de Meneses ta tilasta musu su koma baya. Bayan da suka yi ƙoƙari su sake mamaye birnin washegari, an sake hana Marokowa ci gaba a cikin yaƙin birane, kuma Sultan ya ɗaga kewaye ba da daɗewa ba.

A ranar 4 ga Afrilu, 1512, *qaid* na Chefchaouen Ali Ibn Rashid al-Alam (*Barraxa* a cikin Portuguese) da *qaid* na Tetouan Cid Almandri II (*Almandarim* a cikin Portuarian) sun lalata yankin da ƙauyuka da ke kusa da Tangier tare da da dawakai 800, duk da haka an yi musu aiki da doki 200 da ƙafa 200 na garuruwan Tangier a ƙarƙashin umurnin Duarte de Meneses kuma an kori su, Portuguese sun kama ganimar da yawa."

Wani abin da ya faru ya faru a Tangier a daren 16 ga Satumba, 1533: bayan Dom Álvaro de Abranches ya ba da kyaftin din ga Gonçalo Mendes Sacoto kuma yana shirin komawa Portugal, Maroko biyu sun sami nasarar hawa bango tare da tsani wanda ƙofar Traição ba ta gano ba, kuma kodayake an yi ƙararrawa, sun ji wa ɗan Dom Álvare Dom Jorge rauni da mashi, Domingues Gonçalves da wuka biyu kuma sun kashe wani ɗan Afirka da aka kama.

A shekara ta 1532, Sarki John III ya riga ya bayyana wa Paparoma niyyarsa ta janyewa daga wasu sansanoni a Maroko, duk da haka lokacin da ya nemi ra'ayoyin manyan Portugal game da batun a shekara ta 1534, ya bayyana burinsa na kula da Tangier. Cortes na Portuguese wanda ya gudanar da zaman tsakanin 1562 da 1563 bayan Babban Siege na Mazagan ya nace cewa sarki ya kula da Tangier kuma ya karfafa garuruwanta

Sarki Sebastian ya shiga Tangier a ranar 6 ga Yuli, 1578, tare da rundunar jiragen yaki 50 da jigilar kayayyaki 900 dauke da sojoji sama da 15,000, kuma yayin da tsohon Sultan na Morocco Abu Abdallah Mohammed II Saadi ya sadu da shi, wanda ya yi kira ga Sebastian don taimakawa dawo da kursiyinsa bayan kawunsa Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I Saadi ya sauke shi. Sebastian ya tura sojojinsa zuwa Asilah, kuma daga can ya yi tafiya don mummunan Yaƙin Alcácer Quibir, inda aka kori Portuguese amma duk sarakuna uku sun mutu a cikin aikin.

Lokacin Jorge de Mendonça, kyaftin din karshe na Tangier wanda kambin Portugal ya zaba kafin Tarayyar Iberiya ta kasance alama ce ta wahala a cikin birni. Sojojin sun rasa mafi yawan mahayan dawakai da tsoffin sojoji a yakin Alcácer-Quibir, kuma akwai karancin abinci, wanda ya sa mutane da yawa suka mutu daga yunwa, yayin da mummunan yanayi ya hana magajinsa isa birnin tare da ƙarfafawa na watanni.

A shekara ta 1580, ya wuce tare da sauran yankunan Portugal zuwa ikon Habsburg a matsayin wani ɓangare na Tarayyar Iberiya amma ya ci gaba da tsananin garuruwan Portuguese da gudanarwa.

A shekara ta 1661, an ba da Tangier ga Ingila a matsayin sadaki na Charles II na Ingila lokacin da ya auri Catherine na Braganza, tare da tsibirin Bombay da fam 800,000.

## Jerin Gwamnoni

## Manazarta