Muhalli na Pacific

**Pacific Environment** kungiya ce ta muhalli da ke zaune a San Francisco, California, Amurka, wacce aka kafa a 1987. Manufarta ita ce ta fuskanci matsalolin muhalli na gaggawa ta hanyar haɗa ƙungiyoyin cikin gida da na duniya, haɓaka canjin manufofi, da kuma karfafa aiki don amfanin mutane da duniyarmu.

## Tarihi
An kafa kungiyar ne a shekarar 1987 a matsayin Cibiyar Makamashi da albarkatun Pacific ta Armin Rosencranz.  A cikin 1991, Muhalli na Pacific ya zama kungiyar kasa da kasa ta farko da ta kawo hankali ga barazanar da ke fuskantar taiga na Siberiya, wanda ya fara dogon tarihin aiki a Rasha. A cikin 1993, wani kamfen na muhalli na Pacific tare da abokan hulɗa na Rasha ya haifar da kirkirar Botcha Nature Reserve, kare gandun daji masu mahimmanci a Gabashin Gabashin Rasha waɗanda Kamfanin Weyerhaeuser zai katako. A wannan shekarar, Pacific Environment ta yi aiki tare da Mutanen Udege a Gabashin Gabashin Rasha don kare ruwan Bikin na sama mai miliyan uku (1.2-miliyoyin hekta) daga katako da Kamfanin Hyundai ya yi. Wannan yanki yanzu mafaka ce ta namun daji.

A tsakiyar shekarun 1990s, sun fara mayar da hankali kan rawar da cibiyoyin hada-hadar kudi na kasa da kasa ke takawa wajen hakar albarkatu a Rasha kuma sun fara ƙoƙari na dogon lokaci don haɗa masu kula da muhalli a kusa da Pacific Rim zuwa yanke shawara na manufofi na kasa da Kasa, musamman na Hukumomin bashi na fitarwa da gwamnati ke tallafawa. Muhalli na Pacific ya fara kokarin toshe kudade na ayyukan lalacewa da inganta wasu a matsayin daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa kamfen na kasa da kasa don sake fasalin manufofin zamantakewa da muhalli na hukumomin bashi na fitarwa, a cikin shirin da ake kira ECA Watch. Duk da yake manyan nasarorin da Pacific Environment suka samu a cikin shekarun 1990 sun kasance a Rasha, sun kuma fara mayar da hankali sosai ga Pacific Rim.

A kasar Sin, Muhalli na Pacific ya yi amfani da damar da ke tasowa don yin haɗin gwiwa tare da yunkurin muhalli na kasar ta hanyar taimakawa kungiyoyi masu yawa su zama masu kula da kananan hukumomi, musamman ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai. Sun kuma taimaka wa wadannan kungiyoyi wajen karfafa gwamnatin kasar Sin don sake duba tasirin muhalli. Abokan hulɗa na Pacific Environment a Greener Beijing sun yi amfani da intanet don shirya kamfen akan amfani da nau'in tururuwa da tururuwa a Lardin Hainan. Bayan binciken gwamnati da ya haifar da wani bangare na yakin, Kamfanin Hainan Yang Sheng Tan ya dakatar da shigo da nau'ikan tururuwa da tururuwa bayan asarar kudi da matsin lamba na jama'a. Kuma a shekara ta 2004, Firayim Minista na kasar Sin Wen Jiabao ya umarci jami'ai da su sake yin la'akari da shirye-shiryen madatsar ruwa a gefen Kogin Nu, bayan 'yan jarida da masu kula da muhalli sun hada kai don nuna batun.

## Ƙungiya
Pacific Environment yana daukar ma'aikata sama da 40 a ko'ina cikin Pacific Rim tare da ofisoshi a San Francisco, California; Anchorage, Alaska; Washington DC; da Beijing, China. Kudin da aka ruwaito don shekarar kasafin kudin 2011-2012 ya kai dala miliyan 2.4,  tare da mafi yawan wannan ya fito ne daga tushe.

Muhalli na Pacific ya raba ayyukansa tsakanin manyan shirye-shirye guda biyar: Shirin Yanayi, Shirin China, Shirin Alaska, Shirin Makamashi na California, da Shirin Kudi mai Hakki.

## Shirye-shiryen
Muhalli na Pacific yana ɗaukar takamaiman ƙalubale a cikin mahimman yankuna a duk faɗin Pacific Rim, kuma yana amfani da mahimman wuraren haɓaka ƙasa da ƙasa don ƙarfafa kamfen ɗin cikin gida. Suna shiga cikin manyan wurare biyar na mayar da hankali da aka tsara a ƙasa.

### Rasha
Har zuwa 2018, Muhalli na Pacific ya yi haɗin gwiwa tare da masu kula da muhalli na Rasha don tabbatar da cewa mutane a cikin waɗannan yankuna suna da murya a cikin yanke shawara da ke shafar muhalli, kiwon lafiya da hanyoyin rayuwa. Muhalli na Pacific ya yi aiki tare da masu zaman kansu na Rasha da na duniya don kare ƙasashen daji da namun daji, inganta kula da kamun kifi, da kuma ba da shawarar kula da muhalli kan man fetur, iskar gas da ci gaban ma'adanai.

A watan Agustan 2018, an sanya Muhalli na Pacific a matsayin 'maras kyau' a Rasha.

## Manazarta