Ingancin furotin

**Ingancin sunadaran** shine narkewa da adadin mahimman amino acid don samar da sunadaran daidai gwargwado don amfanin ɗan adam. Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban waɗanda ke ƙididdige ingancin nau'ikan furotin daban-daban, wasu daga cikinsu sun tsufa kuma ba a amfani da su, ko kuma ba a ɗauke su da amfani kamar yadda ake tsammanin za su kasance. The Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS), wanda Hukumar Abinci da Aikin Noma ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (FAO) ta ba da shawarar, ya zama ma'auni na masana'antu a cikin 1993. Kwanan nan FAO ta ba da shawarar sabuwar Amino Acid Score mai mahimmanci (DIAAS) don maye gurbin PDCAAS.

## La'akari

### Amino Acid maki
Makin amino acid ya dogara ne akan adadin amino acid a cikin abinci, idan aka kwatanta da buƙatun abinci mai gina jiki . Don haka, amino acid masu mahimmanci ne kawai ake la'akari da su a cikin mafi yawan ma'auni na inganci guda biyu, PDCAAS da DIAAS.  

Mai zuwa shine tebur na bayanan bayanan amino acid na wasu tushen furotin na gama gari, ba lissafin ƙima ba. Bayanan da ake buƙata shine adadin amino acid da ake buƙata a cikin kowane 100&nbsp;g na furotin a cikin Maganar Abincin Abinci . Kowane bayanin martaba yana nuna adadin amino acid a cikin 100&nbsp;g na furotin, ba 100 ba&nbsp;g tushen abinci.

Idan aka yi la'akari da ingancin furotin, amino acid sulfur (methionine + cystine) da amino acid na kamshi (phenylalanine + tyrosine) an haɗa su tare. Wannan shi ne saboda yayin da methionine da phenylalanine suke da mahimmancin amino acid, cystine da tyrosine an haɗa su daga methion da phenylalanine, bi da bi.  Duk da haka, hanyoyin nazarin furotin gama gari kamar ISO 13903 na iya bambanta waɗannan nau'ikan amino acid cikin sauƙi.

Bugu da ƙari, glutamic acid yana da sauƙin canzawa tare da glutamine kuma aspartic acid yana da sauƙin musanyawa tare da asparginine. mai sauƙin canzawa, ta hanyar acid hydrolysis.  Don haka, hanyoyin nazarin amino acid gama gari kamar ISO 13903 kawai suna auna glutamic acid da aspartic acid, ba glutamine ko asparginine ba, kuma ana iya ɗaukar waɗannan ma'auni azaman jimlar su biyun. 

Ba a auna Selenocysteine a matsayin wani ɓangare na nazarin amino acid. Yawancin lokaci ana bincikar shi kai tsaye azaman adadin selenium, wanda galibi yana faruwa azaman selenomethionine da selenocysteine a cikin abinci. 

## Tasiri
Tun da aka gabatar da su, an yi amfani da matakan zamani na ingancin furotin don tabbatar da shawarwarin abinci mai gina jiki kan zaɓin tushen furotin da manufofin jama'a masu dangantaka. Kamar yadda dabi'u na yau da kullun ga tushen furotin na tsire-tsire galibi suna ƙasa da na furotin dabba,  an yi amfani da PDCAAS da DIAAS a cikin tattaunawa game da cancantar abinci mai gina jiki, kuma an yi amfani da muhawara game da abinci na tushen shuka don kimanta cancantar ma'aunin ingancin furotin.   Masu ba da shawara game da mahimmancin sunadaran dabba suna nuna fa'idodin kiwon lafiya na irin wannan abincin, da kuma yiwuwar rashin isasshen furotin a cikin abincin da ake ci.   A gefe guda, masu ba da shawara na karin kayan abinci na tsire-tsire suna nuna tasirin muhalli na samar da nama,  haɗarin kiwon lafiya na abinci mai arziki a cikin ja ko naman da aka sarrafa,  da kuma sauran fa'idodin kiwon lafiya marasa alaƙa na tushen tushen furotin.  

## Manazarta