Ambaliyar ruwa ta 2021-2022 a Malaysia

A ranar 16 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2021, wani mummunan yanayi ya fadi a gabashin gabar tekun Malaysia, inda ya kawo ruwan sama mai yawa a duk faɗin tsibirin na kwanaki uku. Ambaliyar da ta haifar ta shafi jihohin takwas a fadin tsibirin, kuma ta bar akalla mutane 54 da suka mutu da 2 suka bace. A lokacin da ya fi girma, ya haifar da ƙaurawar mazauna sama da 71,000,  kuma ya shafi mutane sama da 125,000 gaba ɗaya. 

Jami'an gwamnati sun ayyana shi a matsayin bala'i "sau ɗaya a cikin ƙarni",  shine ambaliyar ruwa mafi muni a kasar dangane da mazauna da suka rasa muhallinsu tun bayan ambaliyar Malaysia ta 2014-2015.  An kuma kwatanta shi da ambaliyar ruwa ta Kuala Lumpur ta 1971. Wannan shi ne bala'in da ya fi muni da ya shafi guguwa na wurare masu zafi da ya faru a Malaysia tun lokacin da Tropical Storm Greg na 1996, wanda ya kashe mutane 238 kuma ya bar wasu 102 sun ɓace.

An auna ruwan sama mai yawa a tashoshin yanayi a Selangor da Kuala Lumpur .  An bayar da rahoton lalacewar da aka samu a jihohin Selangor da Pahang, musamman gundumar Hulu Langat da birnin Shah Alam. Gwamnatin Malaysia ta sha wahala game da jinkirin martani da rashin kulawa game da bala'in. Masana kimiyya, masu gwagwarmayar yanayi, da kafofin watsa labarai sun fi yin haɗin wannan bala'in a matsayin misali na matsanancin yanayi wanda aka danganta da Canjin yanayi.

## Abubuwan da suka faru na yanayi
A ranar 14 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2021, Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Japan (JMA) [nb 1] ta inganta wani yanki mai matsin lamba zuwa yamma zuwa mummunan yanayi na wurare masu zafi. Cibiyar Gargadi ta Hadari (JTWC) [nb 2] ta fara saka idanu kan tsarin washegari, tana lura da kasancewar karamin yaduwa a cikin tsarin. Hanyoyin tsarin na bunkasa cikin guguwa ta wurare masu zafi a hankali sun karu, kuma a ranar 16 ga Disamba a 17:30 UTC, JTWC ta ba da Gargadi na Tsarin Guguwa na Tropical (TCFA) don tsarin duk da fitowar Typhoon Rai wanda ya fallasa tsarin tsarin. Da karfe 21:00 UTC, JTWC ta inganta tsarin zuwa mummunan yanayi na wurare masu zafi, ta ba shi sunan *29W* yayin da ya ci gaba a kan yanayin ci gaba mai kyau. Ba da daɗewa ba, a karfe 23:00 na UTC, bakin ciki ya sauka a arewacin birnin Kuantan a jihar Pahang, kuma ya fara raunana daga baya, ya sa JTWC ta ba da shawararta ta ƙarshe game da tsarin washegari. JMA ta dakatar da saka idanu kan tsarin a ranar 17 ga Disamba a 12:00 UTC.

## Shirye-shiryen

Kafin ambaliyar ruwa, Ma'aikatar Jin Dadin Jama'a ta Kelantan ta tanadi RM 1.3 ( US $ 309,500) don ayyukan agaji.  Cibiyar Umurnin Bala'i ta Kasa (NDCC ko NADMA) ta tsara matsuguni na wucin gadi 5,731 (wanda aka sani a gida ta hanyar gajeriyar Malay, PPS) wanda zai iya ɗaukar sama da mutane miliyan 1.6 waɗanda abin ya shafa a faɗin ƙasar don dalilai na gaggawa. 

A ranar 16 ga watan Disamba, Ma'aikatar Kula da Yanayi ta Malaysia (MMA ko MetMalaysia) ta ba da faɗakarwa ta orange ga dukkan gundumomin Kelantan da Terengganu da faɗarwar rawaya ga Pahang, Perak, Kedah da Penang har zuwa 17 ga watan Disambar.  A wannan rana, Cibiyar Kula da Ambaliyar Kasa (PRABN) ta bayar da gargadi game da ambaliyar ruwa ga gundumomi biyu a Kelantan (Gundumar Kuala Krai da Gundumar Jeli).  NDCC ta ba da shawara game da kunna kwamitocin kula da bala'i na jihohi da na gundumar bayan faɗakarwa. MetMalaysia daga baya ta ba da faɗakarwa ta amber don ci gaba da ruwan sama a fadin Klang Valley. Daga baya aka ɗaga wannan faɗakarwa zuwa ja faɗakarwar (mafi girman matakin), kuma an faɗaɗa shi zuwa jihohin makwabta, gami da Pahang .  Dam din Klang Gates ya fitar da kashi 25 cikin dari na tafkinsa a matakai bayan matakan ruwa sun wuce iyakar da aka yarda da su. A ranar 18 ga watan Disamba, an kunna cibiyoyin aikin ambaliyar ruwa a duk gundumomin Kelantan. Daga baya a wannan dare, Tuan Ibrahim, Ministan Muhalli da Ruwa, ya fitar da wata sanarwa ta gaggawa da ke neman shirye-shirye nan take a Kuala Lumpur daga ambaliyar ruwa bayan rushewar manyan koguna huɗu a fadin birnin. An kunna ramin SMART a cikin karuwar hazo, kuma ya sami rikodin rikodin rikitarwa na kusan mita miliyan biyar na ambaliyar ruwa.

Ma'aikata da mazauna wuraren agaji an bincika su akai-akai don COVID-19 don hana barkewar cutar.

## Tasirin

Rashin lafiya na Tropical 29W ya tsallaka tsakiyar Malaysia ya kawo dogon lokaci na ruwan sama mai tsawo. An karya bayanan yanayi da yawa yayin aikin. Wani tashar yanayi a Sentul ya yi rikodin ruwan sama na yau da kullun na 363 millimeters (14.3 in), daidai da ruwan sama na wata daya a yankin. An bi shi da ma'auni na 273 millimeters (10.7 in) a Sungai Bonus Tun Abdul Razak, 258 millimeters (1.2 in) a Jinjang, da 247 millimeters (9.7 in) na Gombak. Amirudin Shari, Menteri Besar na Selangor, Ma'aikatar Ruwa da Ruwa ta Selangor ta sanar da shi cewa jihar ta sami 380 millimeters (15 in) na ruwan sama. A baya, ma'aunin ruwan sama mafi girma a jihar ya kasance a 180 millimeters (7.1 in). 

A lokacin da ya fi girma, an kwashe mutane 71,000 daga jihohi takwas zuwa mafaka ta gaggawa. NDCC ta ba da sanarwar ingantaccen adadi na mutane 69,134 da suka rasa muhallinsu a ranar 21 ga Disamba. A ranar 23 ga watan Disamba, Sufeto-Janar na 'yan sanda Acryl Sani Abdullah Sani ya sanar da adadin mutane 68,341. 

Wasu sassan Hanyar Tarayya, New Klang Valley Expressway (NKVE), da Hanyar Karak sun fallasa ga rushewar ƙasa da ambaliyar ruwa, wanda ya sa ba za a iya wucewa ba. A Karak Highway, masu motoci 450 sun makale na kwana biyu kafin a ceto su. An ceto mutane 226 daga NKVE. Hanyar Kemuning-Shah Alam Highway (LKSA), wacce ta fuskanci karamin ambaliyar ruwa, an rufe ta na kwana biyu. NDCC ta kiyasta cewa hanyoyi 224 (126 jihar, 98 tarayya) sun rushe ta hanyar yanayin da ya shafi ambaliyar. An rufe tashoshin lantarki 333 daga jihohi shida saboda dalilai na tsaro, wanda ya haifar da katse wutar lantarki.

Akalla an gano kamuwa da cutar COVID-19 181 daga cikin wadanda aka kwashe. Ministan Lafiya Khairy Jamaluddin ya yi gargadi a ranar 20 ga Disamba cewa bala'in na iya haifar da karuwar kamuwa da cuta a kasar.

### Kelantan
Kelantan na daga cikin jihohi na farko da suka sami ruwan sama mai yawa daga Tropical Depression 29W. Koguna biyar a Kelantan sun rubuta hauhawar matakan ruwa a ranar 16 ga watan Disamba, daga cikinsu uku sun sami matakan haɗari na kwanaki biyu masu zuwa. A ranar 17 ga watan Disamba, gundumomi da yawa na Kelantan sun cika da ambaliyar ruwa, wanda ya haifar da kwashe mazauna 548 daga gundumomi huɗu, waɗanda ke cikin mafaka na wucin gadi guda takwas. Dole ne a kwashe marasa lafiya biyu da suka kamu da COVID-19 zuwa asibitin Gua Musang don hana yaduwar kamuwa da cuta tsakanin sauran wadanda aka kwashe.

A ranar 18 ga watan Disamba, ambaliyar ta kai Pasir Mas. An bayar da rahoton mutuwar farko a wannan rana, bayan an gano gawar wani ma'aikacin masana'antu - wanda ya fadi daga babur yayin da yake hawa ta hanyar ambaliyar ruwa - a karfe 2:22 na yamma kusa da makabartar kasar Sin a Gambang .  Adadin wadanda aka kwashe sun tashi zuwa 1,084, tare da mafaka 17 da aka kafa a duk fadin jihar a gundumomi biyar. An tura 'yan sanda zuwa Sultan's Pier a Kota Bharu "don hana taron jama'a zuwa can don kallon kogin da ke tasowa". Wadanda suka rasa muhallinsu sun kai 2,632 daga baya a wannan rana,  amma sun ragu koyaushe tun daga lokacin. Adadin ya sauka a cikin mako mai zuwa zuwa cikin mutane dubu, kuma a ranar 24 ga Disamba, adadi ya kai 974 a cikin mafaka na wucin gadi daban-daban guda biyar.  &nbsp;

Ministan Kelantan, Ahmad Yakob, ya kwatanta tsakanin wadannan ambaliyar ruwa a jiharsa da ambaliyar 2014-15, wanda ya fuskanci irin waɗannan batutuwa.

### Terengganu
Ƙananan ambaliyar ruwa kafin faɗuwar *29W* a ranar 3 ga Disamba ta bar mutane 140 da suka rasa muhallinsu a Setiu da Besut na kwanaki da yawa.

A ranar 16 ga watan Disamba, lokacin da *29W* ta haye Kelantan, an ruwaito koguna biyu sun wuce matakan haɗarin su (River Dungun da Kogin Tebak). An buɗe mafaka ta wucin gadi ta farko a makarantar firamare a Setiu. An bi shi da wani mafaka na wucin gadi a zauren gari na Dungun. Akwai mutane 21 da suka rasa muhallinsu. A ranar 18 ga watan Disamba, adadi ya tashi dan kadan zuwa 63, kuma ya kai 285 a ƙarshen rana. Koyaya, kamar yadda yawan ambaliyar ruwa a jihar ya kasance ƙarami, kawai mutane 9 ne suka bar bayan kwana uku. An rufe mafaka ta wucin gadi ta ƙarshe, a Kemaman, a ranar 21 ga Disamba.

A ranar 30 ga watan Disamba, an sake lura da ruwan sama a cikin jihar. Da karfe 4 na yamma, Dungun ya zama na farko da ya karbi ambaliyar ruwa, lokacin da aka kwashe mutane 69 zuwa mafaka ta wucin gadi a gundumar. Da daddare, an sanar da Sakatariyar Gudanar da Bala'o'i ta jihar Terengganu cewa manyan koguna a Besut, Dungun, da Hulu Terengganu sun karya matakan haɗarin su. A ranar 31 ga watan Disamba, adadin wadanda suka kwashe ya kai 388. An tsare su a cikin mafaka biyu na wucin gadi a Dungun . 

### Selangor da Kuala Lumpur
Selangor da Kuala Lumpur sun sha wahala mafi yawan ruwan sama a duk lokacin taron. MetMalaysia ta ba da gargadi mafi tsanani ga gundumomi 8 a jihar don ci gaba da ruwan sama tun daga 17 ga Disamba na kwanaki 4. Koyaya, ambaliyar ruwa ta riga ta kasance a Sepang, Hulu Langat da Klang kwana ɗaya kafin a ba da gargadi. Koguna 16 sun karya matakin haɗari a lokacin. A ranar 18 ga watan Disamba, an kori wadanda abin ya shafa 3,086 a cikin mafaka 30 na wucin gadi, mafi yawansu suna Klang. An kafa ƙarin mafaka 11 daga baya a wannan rana. An tura famfo na ruwa 93 don cire ambaliyar ruwa a wurin, yayin da aka rufe ƙofofin ambaliyar 134 don hana ambaliyar ruwan sama. An shawarci mazauna Kajang da Salak Tinggi da su fice. Babban tashar wutar lantarki a Glenmarie ta fashe da dare, ta haifar da haskakawa a wasu sassan Shah Alam. An rufe masana'antun tsabtace ruwa guda biyu daga ambaliyar ruwa, wanda ya haifar da yanke ruwa a yankuna 472 a fadin Klang Valley. An tilasta wani shuka don iyakance fitar da ruwa saboda matsalolin ingancin ruwa. Motocin samar da ruwa ba su iya isa yankunan da abin ya shafa ba yayin da aka rufe yawancin hanyoyi ko kuma an yanke su daga ambaliyar. Majalisar Birnin Shah Alam (MBSA) ta buga wata sanarwa da yamma da ke hana mutane shiga Shah Alam da Klang. A Kuala Lumpur, manyan yankuna na Dataran Merdeka, Jalan Masjid Indiya da Kampung Kasipillay sun cika da ambaliyar ruwa. Ruwan ambaliyar ruwa tsakanin manyan hanyoyin da ke haɗa garin Meru da Bukit Raja an auna su da zurfin mita 2 zuwa 3 (6.6 zuwa 9.8 . Yawancin mazauna, waɗanda suka kasa komawa gidajensu a kan lokaci, an tilasta musu barci a cikin motocinsu.

Adadin wadanda ambaliyar ruwa ta shafa ya ninka sau biyu a cikin dare. A ranar 19 ga watan Disamba, mutane 6,242 ne suka rasa muhallinsu. A cikin tweet, Menteri Besar na Selangor ya yi maraba da masu jirgin ruwa don taimakawa wajen kokarin agaji, wanda gwamnatin jihar ta tsara ta hanyar Cibiyar Ayyuka ta Smart Selangor (SSOC).  Rikicin halin da ake ciki ya sa gwamnatin jihar ta kusanci Firayim Minista, Ismail Sabri Yaakob, da Ministan Tsaro, Hishamuddin Hussein, don shiga tsakani na tarayya da taimako kan kwashewa da taimakon jin kai ga wadanda ambaliyar ruwa ta shafa. Gwamnatin tarayya, kodayake ba ta tsammanin halin da ake ciki a Selangor ba, ta tattara albarkatun tarayya jim kadan bayan haka. Tenaga Nasional, kamfani ne kawai na wutar lantarki a Malaysia, ya sanar da rushewar wutar lantarki a yankuna 82 a Klang. Adadin wadanda suka rasa muhallinsu ya wuce 15,000 a rana. Adadin mafaka na wucin gadi a halin yanzu ya karu zuwa 108. An bayar da rahoton mutuwar farko a jihar a wannan rana, lokacin da aka gano gawar mita 350 (1,150  daga wani gida a Sashe na 22 na Shah Alam .  Bidiyo da hotuna na binciken sun bazu a duk hanyoyin sadarwar jama'a.

## Manazarta