Birgit Jürgenssen

**Birgit Jürgenssen** (1949 – 2003) yar Australiya ce mai daukar hoto,mai zane-zane, mai tsarawa kuma malama wacce ta kware a fasahar zane jikin mata tare  da jerin hotuna, wadanda suka bayyana jerin abubuwan da suka shafi rayuwar yau da kullun ta mata.a cikin nau'o'inta daban-daban ciki har da yanayi mai ban tsoro da kuma son zuciya.  An yaba mata a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin "fitattun wakilan kasa da kasa na mata avant-garde".  Ta kuma zauna a Vienna.Baya ta gudanar da nune-nunen hotunan ta da sauran ayyukan fasaha,ta kuma koyar a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Vienna da Kwalejin Fine Arts Vienna. 

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Jürgenssen a Vienna, Austria a shekara ta 1949. Tsakanin 1968 zuwa 1971 ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Vienna.Ta fara samun kulawa ga daukar hoto tare da halartarta a cikin nunin *MAGNA-Feminismus: Kunst und Kreativität* (MAGNA feminism:art and kerawa). Jürgenssen tayi aiki a matsayin malama kuma mai kulawa. 

Jürgenssen ta mutu a ranar 11 ga Satumba 2003 tana da shekaru 54.  

## Aiki da salo
Daga ƙarshen 1960s,ta haɓaka nau'ikan zane-zane na hoto daban-daban waɗanda suka zagaye jikin mace da canjin sa.

Oeuvre na Jürgenssen tana gabatar da siffofin mata da aka kirkira ta hotuna, waɗanda ke ƙayyadaddun ka'idojin al'adu na waje a cikin tsarin aikin danne haki da kuma takurawa rayuwar mata akai-akai.A cikin rukunin ayyukanta, wanda aka gabatar tare da Hubert Winter wanda ke kula da kadararta mai taken "Estate Jürgenssen", Hotunan suna da faɗin mosaic na "zane-zane,ruwa, hotuna,allo, zane-zanen rana da abubuwa masu tarin yawa".  A cikin 1972, a matsayin wakilcin jinsi, ta ɗauki hoton jikinta a wurare huɗu tare da rubutun "frau (mace)".A cikin wani hoton kai da aka ɗauka a cikin 1976, kuma ana kiransa "Ich möchte hier raus! (Ina so fita daga nan! Jürgenssen tana sanye cikin "lafiya, farar lace abu wuya da tsintsiya", kuma tana danna kunci da hannayenta zuwa wani akwati na nunin gilashi, wanda aka fassara don ba da shawarar "tarkonta a cikin ka'idojin kyawu da na gida wanda mata sukan yi sau da yawa. an yi shi ne." 

Ayyukan daukar hoto na Jürgenssen, masu lamba 250,an nuna su a wani biki na baya-bayan nan da Sammlung Verbund da Bankin Austria Art Forum suka gudanar; 50 daga cikin waɗannan ayyukan Sammlung Verbund, Vienna ne ke nuna su. 

One of Jürgenssen's works is titled "10 Days – 100 Photos" published in 1980. This collection, which has 100 pictures taken over a period of 10 days, consists of self-portraits, with face excluded or camouflaged by fur, in Polaroids and photographs which have been set in an asymmetrically fashion with interjections of a few lines of narrative. On this picturization Jürgenssen said: "the identity of the woman has been made to disappear – all except for the fetishized object, which is the focus of male fantasy". In another work of 1974 titled "Amazon" she has photographed "mother and child" in a standing pose with hands held like "latter-day holy figures on a tall iron chair."

Jürgenssen ta yi amfani da fata a matsayin babban zane a yawancin zanenta, abubuwa,da hotunanta, kuma ta ɗauka tare da kwatanta kaddarorin kayan da ke kan hoton.  a cikin wannan mahallin "jerin takalmi", wanda aka yi a cikin 1970s, ya ƙunshi sassaka tare da zane-zane. Ta yi sculpturen takalmi guda 18,kowanne da kayan daban-daban kamar su lankwasa da kakin zuma, tsatsa da burodi,kashin muƙamuƙi na dabba da aka kafa akan matashin siliki mai suna "Relict Shoe" (1976), Takalmin Flyweight (1973), takalman organza na siraran takarda guda biyu tare da bayyanar.na matattun kudaje da aka dinka a cikin masana'anta. Wasu daga cikin zane-zane nata sun nuna wasu duwatsu masu siffa guda uku masu taken "Gasar Kyakkyawa" (1978),da Marlene Dietrich a yanayinta tare da gashin ido a kai da shan taba a gado. 

Sauran sanannun hotuna masu launin hannu sune: Kitchen Apron, Nest (1979), Nun (1979), hoton kai wanda aka zana da launin zinare a cikin baƙar fata a kwance a cikin "tsarin wasan kwaikwayo".  Musamman,a cikin matar gidan Kitchen Apron (Hausfrauen-Küchenschürze) hoton da aka ɗauka a cikin aikin 1975,ta kwatanta kanta a matsayin nau'i na mace wanda ke ƙarƙashin "dakin dafa abinci don samar da sabuwar halitta". 

## Monographs
Jürgenssen kuma an bata damar buga manyan litattafai guda biyu.An buga ɗaya a cikin 2009 ta Hatje Cantz / Sammlung Verbund wanda Gabriele Schor da Abigail Solomon-Godeau suka gyara.  Wannan littafin tarihin, wanda ke da misalai da yawa na hotunanta waɗanda ke fitar da tsarinta mai zaman kansa ga tarihin fasaha, daidaitarta da adabi, ka'idodin ilimin halin ɗan adam,da "tsari".  An buga littafi na biyu a cikin 2011 ta Prestel wanda Gabriele Schor da Heike Eipeldauer suka shirya. 

* Gabriele Schor (ed. ): Birgit Jürgenssen. Hatje Cantz, Ostfildern 2009 
* Gabriele Schor, Heike Eipeldauer (eds. ): Birgit Jürgenssen. Aust Kat. Bankin Austria Kunstforum, Vienna. Munich, Prestel, 2010 
* Natascha Burger, NicoleFritz (eds. ): Birgit Jürgenssen. Ni ne Aust Kat. Kunsthalle Tübingen, GAMEC Bergamo, Gidan kayan gargajiya na Louisiana. Munich, Prestel, 2018

## Sauran wallafe-wallafe

* Landesgalerie Oberösterreich: Birgit Jürgenssen - früher oder später. Anlässlich der gleichnamigen Ausstellung in der Oberösterreichischen Landesgalerie, Linz, 12. Fabrairu - 15. Maris 1998. Bibliothek der Provinz, Weitra 1998  .
* Peter Noever (Hrsg. ): Birgit Jürgenssen. Schuwerk - Abubuwan da ke da nasaba da "Feminism". [Katalog anlässlich der gleichnamigen Ausstellung im MAK Wien, 17. Maris - 6. Yuni 2004] MAK, Vienna 2004  .
* Gabriele Schor (ed. ): MACE. The Feminist Avant-Garde na 1970s. Yana aiki daga SAMMLUNG VERBUND, Vienna. Aust Kat. BOZAR, Cibiyar Fine Arts, Brussels, 2014 
* Rita E. Täuber (eds. ): Gnadenlos. Kunstlerinnen und das Komische. Aust Kat. Kunsthalle Vogelmann / Städtische Museen Heilbronn. Wienand Verlag, Köln, 2012. ISBN&nbsp;
* Brigitte Huck (et al. ): Die Damen. Aust Kat. Zeitkunst Niederösterreich, St. Pölten. Nürnberg: Verlag für moderne Kunst, 2013. ISBN&nbsp;
* The Museum of Modern Art, New York (ed. ): Hoto a MOMA. 1960 - Yanzu. Aust Kat. Museum of Modern Art, New York. New York, Gidan kayan gargajiya na Art Modern, 2015. ISBN&nbsp;
* Massimo Gioni, Roberta Tenconi (eds. ): Babbar Uwa. Aust Kat. Fondazione Nicola Trussardi, Mailand. Mailand, Skira Edita, 2015. ISBN&nbsp;
* Patricia Allmer (ed. ): Matsaloli. Mata masu fasaha / surrealism / zamani. Manchester: Jaridar Jami'ar Manchester, 2016. ISBN&nbsp;

## Nassoshi


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