Kiki Smith

**Kiki Smith** (an haife ta a ranar 18 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1954) 'yar asalin ƙasar Jamus ce  wacce aikinta ya magance jigogi na jima'i, haihuwa da sake farfadowa. Ayyukanta na alama na ƙarshen 1980s da farkon 1990s sun fuskanci batutuwa kamar Cutar kanjamau, mata, da jinsi, yayin da ayyukan kwanan nan suka nuna yanayin ɗan adam dangane da yanayi. Smith yana zaune kuma yana aiki a Lower East Side, Birnin New York, da Hudson Valley, Jihar New York.

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
Mahaifin Smith shi ne mai zane Tony Smith kuma mahaifiyarta 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma mawaƙan opera Jane Lawrence .  Kodayake aikinta yana da bambanci sosai da na iyayenta, bayyanar farko ga tsarin mahaifinta na yin siffofi na lissafi ya ba ta damar fuskantar ƙwarewar Zamani na zamani. Kwarewarta tun tana yarinya a Cocin Katolika, haɗe da sha'awar Jikin mutum, ta tsara aikinta na zane-zane.

Smith ya ƙaura daga Jamus zuwa Kudancin Orange, New Jersey, a matsayin jariri a shekarar 1955. A wannan shekarar, an haifi 'yan uwanta mata, Seton Smith da Beatrice (Bebe) Smith, a Newark, New Jersey. Smith daga baya ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Columbia, amma ya bar don halartar Changes, Inc. Daga baya, ta shiga makarantar Hartford Art School a Connecticut na watanni goma sha takwas daga 1974 zuwa 1975. Daga nan sai ta koma Birnin New York a 1976 kuma ta shiga Ayyukan Haɗin gwiwa (Colab), ƙungiyar masu zane-zane. Ana iya ganin tasirin wannan rukuni mai tsattsauran ra'ayi na amfani da kayan da ba a saba da su ba a cikin aikinta. A ɗan gajeren lokaci a cikin 1984, ta yi karatu don zama likitan likita na gaggawa da sassa na jiki. A shekara ta 1990, ta fara yin siffofin mutane.

## Ayyuka

### Jigogi
Mutuwar mahaifinta a shekarar 1980, da kuma mutuwar 'yar'uwarta mai suna Beatrice "Bebe" Smith, saboda cutar kanjamau a shekarar 1988, Smith ta fara bincike mai zurfi game da mutuwa da jikin mutum. Ta ci gaba da kirkirar ayyukan da ke bincika gabobin mutum daban-daban; gami da siffofi na zukata, huhu, ciki, hanta da hanta. Da ke da alaƙa da wannan shine aikinta na bincika ruwan jiki, wanda kuma yana da muhimmancin zamantakewa a matsayin martani ga rikicin cutar kanjamau (jinin) da haƙƙin mata (motsa, jinin haila, datti). 

### Fim din
A shekara ta 1984 Smith ta gama fim din mata wanda ba a gama shi ba, wanda aka fara a 1981, mai taken Cave Girls .  Ellen Cooper ce ta jagoranci shi.

### Yin bugawa
Smith ya yi gwaji tare da matakai masu yawa na bugawa. Wasu daga cikin ayyukanta na farko da aka buga su ne riguna, takalma da riguna, sau da yawa tare da hotuna na sassan jiki. Tare da Colab, Smith ta buga jerin hotuna a farkon shekarun 1980s dauke da maganganun siyasa ko sanar da abubuwan da suka faru na Colab, kamar su The Island of Negative Utopia da aka yi wa ABC No Rio a 1983.  A shekara ta 1988 ta kirkiro All Souls,  aikin buga allo mai ƙafa goma sha biyar wanda ke nuna hotunan maimaitawa na tayin, hoton da Smith ya samu a cikin littafin jikin jikin mutum na Japan. Smith ya buga hoton a cikin tawada mai baƙar fata a kan takardu 36 da aka haɗe da takarda ta Thai.

MoMA da Gidan Tarihi na Whitney dukansu suna da tarin tarin kayan aikin Smith. A cikin jerin Blue Prints, 1999, Kiki Smith ta yi gwaji tare da tsarin aquatint. *Budurwa tare da Dove*  an samu ta ne tare da aquatint mai iska, tsayayyar acid wanda ke kare farantin jan ƙarfe. Lokacin da aka buga, wannan dabarar tana haifar da hasken da ke kewaye da Budurwa Maryamu da Ruhu Mai Tsarki.

### Hoton da aka yi
Mary Magdelene (1994), wani mutum-mutumi da aka yi da tagulla na silicon da ƙarfe, misali ne na Smith na amfani da mata tsirara ba. Adadin ba shi da fata a ko'ina sai dai fuskarta, ƙirjinta da yankin da ke kewaye da hanci. Tana sanye da sarkar da ke kewaye da idonta; fuskarta ba ta da cikakkun bayanai kuma an juya ta sama. Smith ta ce lokacin da take yin *Maryamu Magadaliya* ta yi wahayi zuwa gare ta ta da hotuna na Maryamu Magadaa a cikin siffar Kudancin Jamus, inda aka nuna ta a matsayin "mace mara kyau". Hoton Smith "Standing" (1998), wanda ke nuna mace da ke tsaye a kan kututturen itacen Eucalyptus, wani bangare ne na Stuart Collection na fasahar jama'a a harabar Jami'ar California, San Diego. Wani mutum-mutumi, Lilith, tagulla tare da idanu na gilashi ana nuna shi a Gidan Tarihi na Metropolitan. Lilith adadi ne mai kamawa, rataye a kan bango na gallery.

A shekara ta 2005, shigarwar Smith, Homespun Tales ta sami yabo a 51st Venice Biennale . Lodestar, shigarwar Smith ta 2010 a Pace Gallery, nune-nunen ayyukan gilashin da aka zana da siffofi masu girman rayuwa ne.
Bayan shekaru biyar na ci gaba, an shigar da siffar waje ta farko ta Smith a 1998 a harabar Jami'ar California, San Diego . 

A cikin shekara ta 2010, Gidan Tarihi a titin Eldridge ya ba da izini ga Smith da masanin gine-gine Deborah Gans don ƙirƙirar sabon taga na gabas don majami'ar Eldridge Street ta 1887, Tarihin Tarihi na Kasa da ke kan Lower East Side na New York.  Wannan kwamiti na dindindin ya nuna muhimmiyar bangare na karshe na gyaran gidan kayan gargajiya na shekaru 20  kuma an rufe shi da nune-nunen takamaiman zane-zane na Smith a cikin wani nune-nun 2018 mai taken Below the Horizon: Kiki Smith a Eldridge . 

Ga Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Claire Tow sama da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Vivian Beaumont, Smith ya ɗauki Overture (2012), ɗan ƙaramin wayar hannu da aka yi da allunan da aka rufe da kuma tsuntsayen tagulla.

A cikin 2019, Smith ya ɗauki ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, wani shafin na musamman don Gidauniyar DESTE don Fasahar zamani a tsibirin Girka na Hydra .

### Littattafan mai zane
Ta kirkiro littattafai na musamman, ciki har da: Fountainhead (1991); The Vitreous Body (2001); da Untitled (Book of Hours) (1986).

Tun farkon shekarun 2010 Smith ya kirkiro goma sha biyu 9 x 6 ft. Jacquard tapestries, wanda Magnolia Editions ya buga. &nbsp;A cikin 2012, Smith ya nuna jerin uku daga cikin waɗannan bugu a Gidan Tarihi na Neuberger .  A farkon 2019, an nuna dukkan goma sha biyu tare a matsayin wani ɓangare na "Abin da na gani a kan hanya" a Palazzo Pitti a Florence, Italiya. Smith ya lura cewa zane-zane suna ba da damar yin aiki a sikelin da ya fi girma ("Ban taɓa tunanin zan iya yin hoto mai girma ba") da kuma yin aiki tare da launi, wanda ba ta yi akai-akai ba.

### Mosaics
A cikin 2022, Smith ya kirkiro jerin manyan mosaics guda biyar don tashar jirgin kasa ta Manhattan a Tashar Grand Central Madison, wanda ke ƙarƙashin Grand Central Terminal. Ana kiran mosaics ɗin River Light, The Water's Way, The Presence, The Spring, da The Sound (duk 2022). 

## Haɗin gwiwa
Smith ya kasance memba mai aiki na Ayyukan hadin gwiwa da ABC No Rio; yana shiga cikin watsa shirye-shiryen Potato Wolf da yawa da Cardboard Air Band .  Smith ta haɗu da David Wojnarowicz a nune-nunen farko, Life Wants to Live, a The Kitchen .  A wannan lokacin (farkon shekarun 1980), Smith ta haɗu kuma ta jagoranci tare da Ellen Cooper a kan haɗin gwiwar rukuni tare da mata matasa da yawa da ke da alaƙa da Bush Tetras da Colab don fim dinta na 1984 No Wave Cave Girls . Daga baya ta yi aiki tare da mawaki Mei-mei Berssenbrugge don samar da *Endocrinology* (1997), da Concordance (2006), kuma tare da marubucin Lynne Tillman don ƙirƙirar *Madam Realism* (1984).  Ta yi aiki tare da mawaki Anne Waldman a kan If I Could Say This With My Body, Would I. I Would .  Smith ya kuma hada kai a kan wasan kwaikwayon da ke nuna dan wasan kwaikwayo Douglas Dunn da Dancers, mawaƙa Ha-Yang Kim, Daniel Carter, Ambrose Bye, da Devin Brahja Waldman, wanda aka yi kuma aka saita waƙar Anne Waldman Jaguar Harmonics.

## Nuni
A cikin 1980, Smith ya shiga cikin baje kolin da aka shirya na Colab *The Times Square Show* . A shekara ta 1982, Smith ta sami nune-nunen farko, Life Wants to Live, a The Kitchen .  Tun daga wannan lokacin, an nuna aikinta a kusan nune-nunen solo 150 a gidajen tarihi da gallery a duk duniya kuma an nuna ta a cikin daruruwan nune-nununen rukuni, gami da Whitney Biennial, New York (1991, 1993, 2002); La Biennale di Firenze, Florence, Italiya (1996-1997; 1998); da Venice Biennale (1993, 1999, 2005, 2009).

An gudanar da nune-nunen solo na baya a Gidan Tarihi na Montreal da Gidan Tarihin zamani, Fort Worth (1996-97); Gidan Tarihi na zamani, Los Angeles (1996-98); Gidan kayan gargajiya na zamani na Irish, Dublin (1997-98); Tarihin Hirshhorn da Gidan Gidan Tarihi na Carnegie, Pittsburgh (1998); Cibiyar Nazarin Curatorial da Fasaha a Al'adun Zamani, Kwalejin Bard, Annandale-on-Hudson (1999); Gidan Gidajen Tarihin Duniya (1999-2000);  Cibiyar Hoto ta Duniya (2001).

A shekara ta 1996, Smith ta nuna a cikin wani rukuni a SITE Santa Fe, tare da Kara Walker . 

A shekara ta 2005, "bincike na farko na gidan kayan gargajiya na Amurka" mai taken Kiki Smith: Gathering, 1980-2005 ya fara fitowa a San Francisco Museum of Modern Art .  Sa'an nan kuma fadada ya zo Walker Art Center a Minneapolis inda wasan kwaikwayon ya samo asali. A Walker, Smith ya hada hannu da kundin da aka yi amfani da shi tare da mai kula da shi Siri Engberg.

Nunin ya yi tafiya zuwa Gidan Tarihi na zamani na Houston, zuwa Gidan Wasanni na Whitney a New York,  kuma a ƙarshe zuwa La Coleccion Jumex a Ecatepec na Morelos a wajen Mexico City. A shekara ta 2008, Smith ya ba da Selections from Animal Skulls (1995) ga Walker don girmama Engberg.

A cikin 2016, Walsh Gallery a Jami'ar Seton Hall, tare da hadin gwiwar Lennie Pierro Memorial Arts Foundation, ta dauki bakuncin Kiki da Seton Smith: A Sense of Place . 

Smith ta shiga cikin 2017 Venice Biennale, Viva Arte Viva, daga Mayu 13 - Nuwamba 16, 2017 . 

A cikin 2018, Smith ta shiga cikin Frieze Sculpture (wani ɓangare na Frieze Art Fair, inda aka gabatar da aikinta Seer (Alice I), Timothy Taylor (gallery) ,  a Regent's Park, London, Ingila, daga Yuli 4 - Oktoba 7, 2018. 

Har ila yau a London a cikin 2018, an gabatar da nune-nunen zane-zane, zane-zane da ayyukan takarda a Timothy Taylor (gallery)  daga Satumba 13 - Oktoba 27 .  An samar da Woodland tare da haɗin gwiwar Magnolia Editions . 

A cikin 2019, Gidauniyar Deste ta Project Space a Slaughterhouse a tsibirin Hydra ta nuna Memory, wani nune-nunen musamman na shafin.

A cikin 2019 The 11 Conti - Monnaie de Paris ya gabatar da wasan kwaikwayo na farko na Smith ta wata hukuma ta Faransa.

A cikin 2019 Österreichische Galerie Belvedere  a Vienna, Austria, ta gabatar da wasan kwaikwayo na Smith mai taken "Processions",  wanda ke gabatar da ayyukan kusan sittin daga cikin shekaru talatin da suka gabata.

## Sauran ayyukan
A cikin shekara ta 2023, Smith ta yi aiki a cikin juri da ta zaɓi Sarah Lucas a matsayin mai cin nasara na farko na Sabon Gidan Tarihi na $ 400,000 Hostetler / Wrigley Sculpture Award .

## Sanarwa
Kyaututtuka da yawa na Smith sun haɗa da lambar yabo ta Nelson A. Rockefeller daga Makarantar Kwalejin Kasuwanci (2010), [1] Kyautar Mata a cikin Fasaha daga Gidan Tarihi na Brooklyn (2009), Kyautar Edward MacDowell ta 50 (2009), Kyautar Kyautar Kyauta daga Makarantar Gidan Tarihin Fine Arts, Boston (2006), Kyautar Athena don Kyakkyawan Ayyuka daga Makarantar Zane ta Rhode Island (2006), Kyautattun Skowhegan don Sculpture daga Makarantar Skowhejan da Sculptura, Maine (2000), Shape World's 100". An zabi Smith a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Fasaha da Harafi ta Amurka, New York, a shekara ta 2005.

A cikin 2012, Smith ta sami lambar yabo ta Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka daga Hillary Clinton . Abubuwan da Smith ya yi ado da ofisoshin jakadanci a Istanbul da Mumbai. Bayan an zaba shi mai magana don Patsy R. da Raymond D. Nasher Lecture Series na shekara-shekara a cikin Sculpture and Criticism a cikin 2013, Smith ya zama mai zane-zane na Jami'ar Arewacin Texas Institute for the Advancement of the Arts a cikin shekara ta 2013-14. 

A cikin 2016, an ba Smith lambar yabo ta Cibiyar Sculpture ta Duniya a cikin Kyautar Sculptura ta zamani.

## Manazarta