Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Lekki

**Lekki Deep Sea Port**, tashar jiragen ruwa ce mai ma'ana da yawa, mai zurfin teku a cikin Free Zone na Legas kuma ita ce kawai tashar jiragen ruwa mai zurfi a halin yanzu a cikin kasar, wanda ya fara cikakken ayyukan kasuwanci a cikin Afrilu 2023. 

Ita ce tashar jiragen ruwa mafi girma a Najeriya kuma ɗaya daga cikin manyan a Yammacin Afirka. Za a fadada tashar jiragen ruwa ta Lekki don samun damar sarrafa kusan TEU miliyan 6 na kwantena da kuma yawan ruwa da busassun kaya marasa kwantena. Za a sanye tashar jiragen ruwa da jiragen ruwa da za su iya jigilar kwantena sama da 14,500.

Ana haɓaka tashar jiragen ruwa a matakai. Mataki na farko, ya kasance yana aiki a cikin 2018, ya ƙunshi ɗakunan kwantena guda uku da aka sanye su don kula da fiye da TEU miliyan 1.8 - ɗaki ɗaya don kayan bushewa da ɗakunan biyu don kaya na ruwa.

Tashar jiragen ruwa ta sami tallafi daga masu saka hannun jari masu zaman kansu da ƙungiyar bankunan da suka ba da kuɗin aikin da dala biliyan 1.5 a watan Maris na 2021. Tashar jiragen ruwa za ta mamaye har zuwa hekta 90 na ƙasa. Tashar jiragen ruwa ta fara ayyukan kasuwanci a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2023.

A ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 2022, an mika tashar jiragen ruwa ga masu mallakar. Za a fara aiki "a cikin wata mai zuwa".   Gwamnan Jihar Legas Sanwo-Olu ya yi alkawari a wannan lokacin don fadada hanyoyin zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa manyan hanyoyi 6.

A ranar 22 ga watan Janairun 2023, 'yan sa'o'i kadan kafin rantsar da Shugaba Buhari ya yi, jirgin kasuwanci na farko, jirgin ruwa na CMA CGM MOZART, ya tsaya a tashar jiragen ruwa.

## Tsarin
Tsarin tashar jiragen ruwa, gami da shimfidar tashar kusanci, juyawa da'irar, da kuma tafkunan tashar jiragen sama an samo su ne daga ingantawa bisa ga ayyukan tashar jiragen kasa, farashin gini, da yiwuwar fadadawa a nan gaba.

An yi amfani da ra'ayoyi daban-daban guda biyu don babban ruwa mai karya ruwa: Dutsen tarkace tare da maɓallin geo-bag don sassan kusa da bakin teku da kuma ruwa mai karya don sassan da aka fallasa. Babban ruwan da ke raguwa yana da tsawon kilomita 1.5.&nbsp;

An maye gurbin ruwa na biyu da shingen. Shingen ya kunshi wani core daga yashi, ciki garkuwa da wani geo-bag Layer kariya, a revetment a gefen tashar jiragen ruwa, da kuma wani rairayin bakin teku na wucin gadi a gefen teku.

Da'irar juyawa tana da mita 600, ya isa ga jirgin ruwa har zuwa kwantena 16,000 (teu). Tashar kusanci tana da tsawon kilomita 11.&nbsp;

## Tashoshin tashoshin
Tashar jiragen ruwa tana da tashoshi uku: tashar kwantena, tashar ruwa da tashar busassun.

### Tashar kwantena
Tashar kwantena tana da rubutun farko na mita 14, tare da yiwuwar ci gaba da hakowa zuwa mita 16.5.  Tashar tana iya ɗaukar kwantena miliyan 2.5 na ƙafa ashirin a kowace shekara. Tashar jiragen ruwa mai zurfi ta Lekki ita ce tashar jiragen ruwa ta farko a Najeriya tare da jiragen ruwa zuwa bakin teku. Yana da uku daga cikin wadannan kwantena gantry cranes; suna cikin ƙungiyar "Super-post-Panamax" - wannan yana nufin cewa za su iya isa da saukewa a cikin jerin kwantena na baya koda kuwa jirgin kwantena ya fi girma fiye da Canal na Panama (49 m ko 160 ft matsakaicin jirgin ruwa).&nbsp;

STS cranes suna da madaidaiciyar dogo a gefen tashar jiragen ruwa. Za su iya ɗaga tan 65 a cikin yanayin ɗagawa biyu,  tan 50 a cikin yanayin ɗaukaka guda ɗaya ko tan 85 a ƙarƙashin ƙugiya. Samun damar daga gefen tashar jiragen ruwa yana da mita 61 (wannan ya dace da layukan kwantena 25). - Jirgin kwantena mafi girma a duniya (kamar yadda na 2022), EVER ALOT, yana da faɗin mita 61,5. - Tsarin iska (mafi girman tsawo daga abin da za'a iya karɓar kwantena) shine mita 52. Kowane STS crane yana samar da 300 lux na haske, wanda ke nufin cewa ko da da da dare yankin da ke kewaye da crane zai kasance kusan kamar hasken rana. Kamara za su taimaka wa masu aiki yayin aiki a kusurwoyi masu wahala.

Tsarin kwamfuta na tashar jiragen ruwa zai ba da damar gano akwati da kuma cirewa daga ofishin, kuma hulɗar ɗan adam za ta kasance kaɗan a cikin ayyukan jiki. Duk da haka, tashar jiragen ruwa za ta haifar da ayyuka 169,972, a cewar babban darektan, Du Ruogang. Ƙarin kudaden shiga ga jihar Najeriya ta hanyar haraji, haraji da sarauta an kiyasta su da dala biliyan 201. Wani umarni daga Shugaba Buhari (wanda, duk da haka, zai bar ofis a farkon 2023) ya ba da damar haɗa tashar jiragen ruwa mai zurfi zuwa hanyar jirgin kasa ta Najeriya.

### Tashar jigilar kaya
Lokacin da za a gama mataki na 2, tashar jiragen ruwa mai zurfi za ta sami ruwa guda uku. Tashar jigilar ruwa za ta kula da jiragen ruwa har zuwa 45,000 DWT (mutuwar nauyi) kuma tana iya fadada don isa ga damar 160,000 DWT. Za a sarrafa ruwa (kamar man fetur ko dizal) a gonar tanki kusa da tashar jiragen ruwa. Yankin tashar jiragen ruwa yana sanye take da makamai masu ɗorawa. Har ila yau, an haɗa shi da bututun mai tare da ruwa.

A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2022 Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa na Lekki Port LFTZ Enterprise Limited, Laurence Smith, ya buɗe tattaunawa tare da masu iya aiki na tashar tashar Liquid. Wannan zai kasance mai mahimmanci ga fara gina Mataki na 2 na tashar jiragen ruwa.

### Tashar bushewa
Za a gama tashar tare da mataki na 2 kuma za a kasance a gefen yammacin tashar kwantena. Tsawon tashar jiragen ruwa na 300m na iya karɓar jirgin ruwa na Panamax  (75,000 DWT). Ana kawo kayayyaki masu yawa zuwa wuraren ajiya, kamar silos da ɗakunan ajiya, ta hanyar tsarin jigilar kaya. Babban ƙarfin tashar yana kusa da tan miliyan 4 na busassun busassun a kowace shekara.

### Haɗin jirgin ƙasa
A ranar 29 ga watan Disamba, 2022, Lekki Port Enterprises ta ba da sanarwar, cewa za ta ba da kuɗin layin jirgin ƙasa na dala miliyan 800 daga tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa Ijebu-Ode, inda za ta haɗu da layin jirgin kasa da aka tsara Legas - Benin-City-Calabar (layin jirgin ƙasa na Gabas). 

## Farawa da aiki
A ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2022, jirgin farko, *"Zhen Hua 28"* daga Hongkong, ya tsaya a tashar jiragen ruwa mai zurfi na Lekki .  Jirgin ya kawo uku Super Post Panamax Ship To Shore (STS) cranes da goma Rubber Tyred Gantry cranes.

A farkon watan Agustan 2022, jirgin ruwa na biyu, *"Zhen Hua 35"* daga Shanghai, ya kawo jigilar kaya na biyu, STS cranes guda biyu ciki har da kunshe 115 na kayan haɗi, da kuma 5 Rubber-Tyre-Gantry cranes ciki har da 270 kunshe na kayan haɗe.

Gudanar da tashar jiragen ruwa ta sanar a watan Agustan 2022, cewa za a bude tashar jiragen sama a watan da ke zuwa.

A cewar manajan darektan Hukumar Kula da Tashoshin Jiragen Ruwa ta Najeriya (NPA), Mohammed Bello-Koko, za a gudanar da gwaje-gwaje da bushewa a tashar jiragen ruwa mai zurfi daga 16 ga Satumba 2022. An riga an gudanar da daukar ma'aikata. Horarwar da ake bukata tare da cranes, tsarin kwamfuta da tsarin sharewa suna faruwa, amma har yanzu suna buƙatar ɗan lokaci.

Sauran ƙasashen Yammacin Afirka, kamar su Chadi, Mali, Nijar da Kamaru, sun riga sun nuna sha'awar kula da shigo da su da fitarwa ta hanyar tashar jiragen ruwa mai zurfi na Lekki .

Tashar jiragen ruwa ta fara ayyukan kasuwanci a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2023, kodayake raguwa a cikin tattalin arzikin Najeriya ya shafi ƙimar shigo da fitarwa ta farko.

## Manazarta