Killing of Pro-Biafra Protesters (2015–2016)

Kisan masu zanga-zangar Biafra na 2015-2016 shine kisan masu zanga'ar da ke neman maido da ikon mallakar Jamhuriyar Biafra ta jami'an tsaro na Najeriya, musamman Sojojin Najeriya, a fadin sassan kudu maso gabas Najeriya. Masu zanga-zangar sun kasance karkashin jagorancin ƙungiyoyin 'yan tawaye da yawa. Bugu da kari, mazaunan yankin da aka ambata a sama galibi ana fuskantar su a cikin yanayin da ke daidai da waɗanda za a iya samu a Jihar 'yan sanda.

Kungiyar Kungiyar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Kudu maso Gabas (SBCHROs) ta kiyasta cewa kimanin mambobi 80 na kungiyar masu goyon bayan Biafra 'Yan asalin Biafra (IPOB) da magoya bayansu an kashe su ne daga jami'an tsaro na Najeriya a karkashin umarnin gwamnatin Najeriya tsakanin 30 ga Agusta 2015 da 9 ga Fabrairu 2016. 

Abubuwan da suka fi shahara sune zanga-zangar da suka faru a Onitsha a ranar 2 ga Disamba, 2015 inda kimanin mutane 11 suka mutu, ciki har da 'yan sanda 2 da masu fafutuka 9;  kuma a Aba a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu, 2016 inda jami'an tsaro na Najeriya suka kashe mambobi shida na kungiyar 'Yan asalin Biafra (IPOB) kuma an kama wasu kusan 20. Har ila yau, 'yan asalin Biafra sun yi iƙirarin cewa sojojin Najeriya sun kashe kuma sun ƙone gawawwakin masu fafutuka na Biafra a wani abin da ya faru a Aba.

Baya ga kashe-kashen, mambobin kabilun Igbo, wadanda ke kan gaba a cikin tashin hankali na rabuwa, jami'an tsaro na Najeriya sun yi niyya. A ranar 23 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2015, yawancin Igbos da ke dawowa gida don bikin Kirsimeti daga yammacin kasar an tsare su a kan Onitsha Niger River Bridge na sa'o'i da yawa ta hanyar sojoji da ke gudanar da ayyukan tsayawa da bincike. Rashin da wannan ya haifar ya kai sa'o'i goma sha biyu tare da masu tafiya da yawa suna kwana a bangarorin biyu na gadar.

Sojojin Najeriya da Gwamnatin Tarayya sun ƙaryata yin wani daga cikin waɗannan ayyuka. A ranar 24 ga Nuwamba, 2016, ƙungiyar Amnesty International ta zargi jami’an tsaron Najeriya da kashe aƙalla mutane 150 daga cikin masu fafutukar neman ‘yancin Biafra cikin lumana. Ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ta kuma ce sojojin Najeriya sun yi amfani da harsashi na gaskiya, ba tare da isasshen gargadi ba, wajen tarwatsa mambobin ƙungiyar Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) daga Agusta 2015 zuwa Agusta 2016. Sojoji da ‘yan sanda sun ƙaryata waɗannan zarge-zarge, suna cewa ana ƙoƙarin ɓata sunan jami’an tsaro ne.

## zanga-zangar ranar Biafra
30 Mayu 2016 Biafra Day Demonstrations - jerin zanga-zangar da ke tunawa da sanarwar 'yancin kai na yankin Biafran daga Najeriya a shekarar 1967 - sun zama masu zubar da jini a birane da yawa a kudu maso gabashin Najeriya yayin da jami'an tsaro na Najeriya suka yi karo da kungiyoyin masu goyon bayan Biafra. Kafofin yada labarai na cikin gida, suna ambaton rahotanni na shaidu, sun ce an kashe mutane 40, yayin da aka kama mambobi sama da 50 masu goyon bayan Biafra a birnin kasuwanci na Onitsha a lokacin zanga-zangar. Lamarin, a cewar daya daga cikin shaidun, ya fara ne da misalin karfe 3 na safe lokacin da jami'an tsaro suka mamaye gidan cocin Katolika a Nkpor Agu, kusa da Onitsha, inda masu goyon bayan Biafra suka kafa sansani kuma ana zargin sun bude wuta. An kiyasta fararen hula biyar da aka kashe, yayin da wasu goma suka ji rauni. An rubuta wasu mutuwar 35 biyo bayan ci gaba da tashin hankali a kan wasu mambobin kungiyar pro-Biafra a cikin birnin kasuwanci ta jami'an tsaro. Nnamdi globes ya kasance a wurin shakatawa na kasa, Afirka ta Kudu don yin alama a wurin zama a gida, 30 ga Mayu 2019.

Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya don 'Yancin Bil'adama da Dokar Shari'a, ƙungiyar kare hakkin bil'adama, ta ce bincikenta ya nuna cewa jami'an tsaro sun harbe, sun kashe, sun karɓi gawawwakin kuma sun binne wadanda abin ya shafa a wuraren da ba a sani ba.

Wata sanarwa da Sojojin Najeriya suka fitar ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta kai hari kan masu fafutuka "saboda yawan tsoro, tashin hankali da tsoro da aka haifar daga ayyukan MASSOB da membobin IPOB. "   

## Halin cikin gida da na duniya
Tsohuwar Mataimakiyar Shugabar Jam’iyyar Labour ta Birtaniya, Harriet Harman, ta roƙi Sakataren Harkokin Waje da na Commonwealth na Birtaniya, Philip Hammond, da ya taimaka wajen sakin shugaban ƙungiyar Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB), Nnamdi Kanu, wanda aka tsare. A gefe guda kuma, ƙungiyar Amnesty International ta bayyana cewa tana aiki kan rahotanni masu maimaituwa da suka shafi yin amfani da ƙarfin soja fiye da kima wajen tarwatsa masu zanga-zangar da ke goyon bayan motsin Biafra. ****Wani rahoto daga Amnesty International ya zargi sojojin Najeriya da kashe akalla 'yan tawaye 17 na Biafra marasa makami a birnin Onitsha kafin tafiya a ranar 30 ga Mayu 2016 don tunawa da shekaru 49 na farkon rabuwa na Biafra.

Tarayyar Turai ta hanyar Babban Wakilin Harkokin Waje da Manufofin Tsaro, Federica Mogherini a baya ta ce tana goyon bayan zaman lafiya na raba gardama kan 'yancin kai.

Da yake mayar da martani ga kisan kiyashi na ranar Biafra, Mataimakin Shugaban Majalisar Dattijan Najeriya, Ike Ekweremadu, ya koka cewa "a cikin dimokuradiyya ya kamata mutane su sami damar yin magana da tunaninsu da kuma taruwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai alhakin. " Da yake amsawa ga tashin hankali don sake rabuwa da Biafra wanda ya haifar da ra'ayi na warewa, tsohon Mataimakin shugaban Najeriya, Atiku Abubakar, ya ba da shawarar sake fasalin Najeriya don cire cikas ga ci gaban tattalin arziki da siyasa na kasar kuma ya sanya shi ga rashin adalci.

## Bayanan da aka ambata