Peter Ladefoged

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Peter Nielsen Ladefoged (/ˈlædɪfoʊɡɪd/ i LAD-if-oh-ghid,   [ˈphétɐ ˈneʹlsn̩ ˈlɛːðəˌfoːð̩];  17 Satumba 1925 - 24 Janairu 2006) ya kasance masanin harshe na Burtaniya kuma masanin sauti.  Ya kasance Farfesa na Phonetics a Jami'ar California, Los Angeles (UCLA), inda ya koyar daga 1962 zuwa 1991. Littafinsa A Course in Phonetics rubutu ne na gabatarwa a cikin phonetics, kuma The Sounds of the World's Languages (wanda aka rubuta tare da Ian Maddieson) ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin misali na phonetics. Ladefoged ya kuma rubuta littattafai da yawa game da phonetics na Harsunan Afirka. Kafin UCLA, ya kasance malami a jami'o'in Jami'ar Edinburgh a Scotland (1953-59, 1960-61) da Jami'ar Ibadan a Najeriya (1959-60). 

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Peter Ladefoged a ranar 17 ga Satumba 1925, a Sutton (sa'an nan a Surrey, yanzu a Greater London), Ingila. Ya halarci Kwalejin Haileybury daga 1938 zuwa 1943, da kuMA Kwalejin Gonville da Caius, Cambridge, Jami'ar Cambridge daga 1943 zuwa 1944. Ya sami MA (1951) da PhD (1959) a cikin Phonetics daga Jami'ar Edinburgh a shekarar 1959. 

## Ayyuka
Ladefoged ya shiga cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje na phonetics a UCLA, wanda ya kafa a shekarar 1962.  Har ila yau, yana da sha'awar sauraro da kuma bayyana kowane sautin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin yaren ɗan adam, wanda ya kiyasta a cikin ƙamus 900 da wasula 200. Wannan binciken ya zama tushen yawancin The Sounds of the World's Languages . A cikin 1966 Ladefoged ya ƙaura daga Sashen Turanci na UCLA don shiga sabon Sashen Harshe da aka kafa.

Yayinda yake UCLA, an hayar Ladefoged a matsayin mai ba da shawara a fim din My Fair Lady .  Ya rubuta rubutun da za a iya gani a cikin littafin rubutu na Farfesa Higgins (bisa ga tsarin Magana mai Ganuwa), kuma an yi amfani da muryarsa a wuraren da Higgins ya bayyana furcin wasali.

Jeffrey Heath (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, 1949) shi ne Farfesa na Tarihin Harshe, Morphology, Larabci da Larabci na Harshe a Jami'ar Michigan, Amurka. An san shi musamman saboda aikinsa a cikin ilimin harshe na tarihi da kuma aikinsa mai zurfi.Ladefoged ya kuma kasance memba na Ƙungiyar Phonetic ta Duniya na dogon lokaci, kuma ya kasance Shugaban Ƙungiyar daga 1986 zuwa 1991. Ya shiga cikin kula da haruffa na kasa da kasa, kuma shi ne babban mai motsawa na Yarjejeniyar Kungiyar Kasa da Kasa ta Kiel ta 1989. Ya kuma kasance editan Jaridar Ƙungiyar Phonetic ta Duniya . Ladefoged ya yi aiki a cikin kwamitin daraktocin Asusun Harshen da ke cikin Hadari tun lokacin da aka kafa shi.

A shekara ta 1992, Ladefoged ya bayyana a cikin shirin talabijin na musamman na Bill Bixby mai suna The Elvis Conspiracy don ba da ra'ayinsa na sana'a cewa rikodin shekarun 1980 da ake zaton muryar Elvis Presley ba gaskiya ba ne.

Ladefoged ya kasance memba ne na kafa kungiyar Association for Laboratory Phonology . 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Ladefoged ya auri Jenny MacDonald a 1953, auren da ya dauki sama da shekaru 50.  Suna da 'ya'ya uku: Lise Friedman, mai sayar da littattafai; Thegn Ladefoged, masanin ilimin kimiyyar tarihi kuma farfesa a Jami'ar Auckland;  da Katie Ladefoging, lauya kuma mai kare jama'a, wanda ke zaune a Nashville, Tennessee. Har ila yau, yana da jikoki biyar Zelda Ladefoged, Ethan Friedman, Amy Friedman, Joseph Weiss, da Catherine Weiss.

A ranar 5 ga Mayu, 1970, an kama Ladefoged kuma ya sami raunin da 'yan sanda suka samu yayin da yake shiga cikin zanga-zangar adawa da yakin Vietnam a UCLA .  Da farko an tuhume shi da rashin warwatsewa, amma daga baya aka canza cajin zuwa kai hari kan wani jami'in 'yan sanda. An wanke shi a shari'ar farko.