Magnus Cormack

**Sir Magnus Cameron Cormack** KBE (12 ga Fabrairu 1906 - 26 ga Nuwamba 1994) ɗan siyasan Australiya ne. Ya kasance memba na Jam'iyyar Liberal kuma ya yi aiki da yawa a matsayin Sanata na Victoria (1951-1953, 1962-1978), gami da Shugaban Majalisar Dattijai daga 1971 zuwa 1974.

An haifi Cormack a cikin Highlands na Scotland kuma ya zo Ostiraliya tun yana yaro. Ya girma a Adelaide kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin manajan samarwa tare da Holden na shekaru da yawa, daga babba ya yi noma a kusa da Apsley, Victoria. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu ya yi aiki a Yakin New Guinea kuma ya kai matsayin manyan. Lokacin farko na Cormack a Majalisar Dattijai ya kasance shekaru biyu kawai, a lokacin da ya yi tsayayya da yunkurin Gwamnatin Menzies na haramta Jam'iyyar Kwaminis. Bayan da aka yi nasara da yawa, an sake zabarsa a Zaben tarayya na 1961, ya zama sananne ga aikin kwamitin sa da goyon bayan John Gorton. An zabi Cormack a matsayin shugaban majalisar dattijai a shekarar 1971 kuma ya rike mukamin na farko na Gwamnatin Whitlam. Bayan ya bar siyasa ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban gidan rediyo na 3XY . An yi amfani da kuɗin da aka samu daga sayar da lasisin rediyo don kafa Gidauniyar Cormack, abin hawa na saka hannun jari ga Jam'iyyar Liberal.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Cormack a ranar 12 ga Fabrairu 1906 a Wick, Caithness, Scotland . Shi ne babba a cikin yara biyar da Violet (née Cameron) da William Petrie Cormack suka haifa. Kakan mahaifiyarsa John Macdonald Cameron memba ne na Jam'iyyar Liberal na Majalisar Dokokin Burtaniya. Mahaifin Cormack, likita, ya yanke shawarar komawa Ostiraliya saboda dalilai na kiwon lafiya. Wani dan uwansa mai nisa shine Sir Josiah Symon, Sanata na Kudancin Australia, wanda kuma aka haife shi a Wick. Iyalin sun isa Adelaide a cikin kimanin 1912, kuma sun zauna a yankin Eyre a kudancin Whyalla . Bayan ya fara karatunsa na yau da kullun a Scotland, Cormack ya halarci makarantar jiha a Tumby Bay sannan ya shiga Kwalejin St Peter, Adelaide. Daga 1926 zuwa 1931, ya yi aiki a matsayin manajan samarwa tare da Holden. 

A lokacin Babban Mawuyacin hali, Cormack ya shiga aikin noma. Daga baya ya lura cewa "Ina da gonakin madara guda uku, kuma na rasa kudi a kowane ɗayansu, don haka na yi iƙirarin san wani abu game da madara". A shekara ta 1934, shi da 'yan uwansa John da William sun sami Koijak, wani yanki na kiwo kusa da Apsley, Victoria, kusa da iyakar Kudancin Australia. A ranar 22 ga Nuwamba 1935, Cormack ta auri Mary Isabel Macmeikan (wanda aka fi sani da Mavis) a ofishin mai rajista a Melbourne; ta kasance mai saki. Ma'auratan suna da 'ya'ya hudu tare.[1]

## Ayyukan soja
Cormack ya shiga cikin Militia a watan Yulin 1940, kuma an tura shi zuwa rundunonin yaki da Birnin sama a Puckapunyal da Werribee. An sallame shi a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1940, amma ya sake shiga cikin watan Yunin shekara ta 1941 kuma an ba shi izini a matsayin mataimakin. Ya sami matsayi a Kwalejin Soja ta Royal, Duntroon, hedkwatar Sojoji Daular Australiya, da Kwalejin Ma'aikata. Ya sauya zuwa soja na yau da kullun a watan Agustan 1942. A watan Yulin 1943, Cormack ya isa Port Moresby a matsayin wani ɓangare na ma'aikatan hedkwatar II Corps. Ya koma New Guinea Force a watan Janairun 1944, inda ya kwashe watanni hudu kafin ya tafi Townsville kuma ya sami sallame shi. Ya gama yaƙin tare da matsayi na manyan kuma an ambaci shi a cikin aikawa don "mai ƙarfin zuciya da kuma fitaccen aiki a Papua".

## Farkon shiga siyasa
Cormack ya kasance memba na Young Nationalists kafin yakin, kuma ya shiga Jam'iyyar Liberal a 1946. A Zaben jihar Victoria na 1947, ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na William McDonald a kujerar Dundas, inda ya taimaka wajen kayar da dan wasan Labour mai suna Bill Slater. Daga baya aka dauki Cormack a cikin kwamitin manufofin tarayya, a kan shawarar Robert Menzies da Richard Casey. Ya kasance shugaban jihar na Victorian Liberals daga 1948 zuwa 1949. Cormack ya tsaya a Majalisar Wakilai a Zaben tarayya na 1949, inda ya sha kashi a hannun Bill Bourke a cikin Sashen Fawkner da kuri'u 27 kawai. A cikin jawabin da ya yi wa kungiyar Liberal Club ta Jami'ar Melbourne a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1950, ya bukaci Ostiraliya da ta mallaki Dutch New Guinea kuma ta cika shi da fararen mazauna, don hana mamayewar Indonesiya.

## Manazarta