Carol Hanisch

Carol Hanisch (an haife shi a shekara ta 1942) yar gwagwarmayar mata ce ta Amurka. Ta kasance muhimmiyar memba na Matan Radical na New York da Redstockings . An fi saninta da yaɗa kalmar " na sirri siyasa ce " a cikin rubutun 1970 mai suna iri ɗaya. [1] Ba ta ɗaukar alhakin jimlar ba, tana faɗi a cikin sabuntar rubutunta na 2006, tare da sabon gabatarwa, wanda bai ambaci sunan shi ba, ko kuma a zahiri amfani da shi a cikin makalar kwata-kwata. Maimakon haka ta yi iƙirarin cewa editocin Bayanan kula daga shekara ta biyu ne suka yi taken: 'Yancin Mata (inda aka buga shi), Shulamith Firestone da Anne Koedt . Ta kuma dauki cikin zanga-zangar Miss America a 1968 kuma ta kasance daya daga cikin mata hudu da suka rataya tutar 'yantar da mata a baranda a dandalin Miss America, tare da kawo cikas ga shari'ar. [2]

## Rayuwar farko
Hanisch an haife shi kuma ya girma a wata karamar gona a cikin karkarar Iowa, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto na sabis na waya a Des Moines kafin ya tafi ya shiga Ma'aikatar Delta a Mississippi a 1965, wahayi daga rahoton Summer Summer na shekara da ta gabata. A can, ta sadu da wadanda suka kafa Asusun Ilimi na Kudancin Kudancin (SCEF), Anne Braden da mijinta Carl Braden, wanda ya dauke ta aiki don gudanar da ofishin SCEF NY. 

## Ƙaunar mata da rubutu
A farkon 1968, Hanisch ya kulla ofisoshin SCEF don tarurrukan mako-mako na Matan Radical na New York, kuma ya kasance tushen su har sai kungiyar ta rushe a farkon 1970s. 

A cikin 1970, an buga mawallafinta mafi shahara, 'Na sirri shine siyasa' a cikin Bayanan kula daga shekara ta biyu: 'Yancin Mata. Hanisch ya bayyana cewa editocin biyu Shulie Firestone da Anne Koedt ne suka sanya sunan rubutun. A cikin makalar, a zahiri ba a amfani da kalmar ko kaɗan amma a maimakon haka ta faɗi cewa: Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan farko da muke ganowa a cikin waɗannan ƙungiyoyi shine cewa matsalolin mutum shine matsalolin siyasa. Babu mafita na sirri a wannan lokacin. Akwai aikin gama kai kawai don mafita na gama kai. 

Ta haɗu kuma a halin yanzu tana daidaitawa tare da Kathy Scarbrough *Meeting Ground akan layi*, sigar ta uku ta "Ground Meeting." Bayanin manufar daga 1977 ya bayyana kansa a matsayin samar da "wuri mai gudana don fitar da ra'ayoyi game da ka'ida, dabaru da dabaru don gwagwarmayar 'yantar da mata da kuma gaba ɗaya motsi na maza da mata masu aiki." 

A shekarar 1996, Hanisch ya gabatar da jawabi a gun taron bikin cika shekaru 30 kan "babban juyin al'adun gargajiya na kasar Sin" a sabuwar makarantar bincike kan zamantakewa . An yi wa jawabin taken "Tasirin juyin juya halin al'adun kasar Sin ga yunkurin 'yantar da mata." Hanisch ya yaba wa littafin William H. Hinton na *Fanshen* da kuma ayyukan Mao Zedong don yin tasiri a yunkurin 'yantar da mata da suka kunno kai a shekarun 1960. Ta buga duka Black Liberation da ka'idar Maoist, da kuma musamman ra'ayoyin Maoist na " magana dacin rai " da " sukar kai ", don taimakawa wajen bunkasa ra'ayin wayar da kan ƙungiyoyi a tsakanin mata masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Amurka.   

A cikin 2013 Hanisch, tare da Scarbrough, Ti-Grace Atkinson da Kathie Sarachild sun qaddamar da "Maganar Haramta: Silencing na Criticism Feminist of 'Gender'", wanda suka bayyana a matsayin "budaddiyar sanarwa daga 48 masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na mata daga kasashe bakwai".  A cikin watan Agustan 2014, Michelle Goldberg a cikin *New Yorker* ta bayyana shi a matsayin suna bayyana "ƙararrawa" game da "barazana da hare-hare, wasu daga cikinsu na zahiri, kan daidaikun mutane da ƙungiyoyi waɗanda ke yunƙurin ƙalubalantar ra'ayin jinsi na zamani." 

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* "The Personal is Political by Carol Hanisch, Maris 1969.
* Rubuce-rubuce daga Carol Hanisch (shafin yanar gizon hukuma)