Ƙungiyar Torreya Guardians

**Masu** **kariya na Torreya** ƙungiya ce da ta shirya kai na masu kiyayewa waɗanda aka sadaukar don sauƙaƙe ƙaura da aka taimaka na torreya na Florida ta hanyar mayar da ita gaba zuwa arewa fiye da yankinta na asali a Florida da Jojiya. An kafa ƙungiyar a farkon 2000s, ana yawan ambaton ƙungiyar a matsayin mai ƙwazo na taimakon ƙaura na dazuzzuka a Arewacin Amurka don kiyayewa da dalilai na daidaita yanayin yanayi. Misali ne na ilimin ɗan ƙasa wanda ɗan ƙasa ya ƙaddamar.

## Fage
Florida Torreya (Torreya taxifolia) bishiya ce mai hatsarin gaske ta dangin yew, Taxaceae, da aka samu a Kudu maso Gabashin Amurka, a yankin iyakar jihar na arewacin Florida da kudu maso yammacin Jojiya.

T. Hanyafia ta karba daya daga cikin farko da aka jera shuka iri daya a Amurka a 1984; A shekara ta 2010; A shekara ta 2010; A shekara ta 2010; A shekara ta 2010; Saboda madatsun ruwa da lalata ta hanyar barewa suna amfani da bishiyu a matsayin shingen tururuwa. A cikin 2019 wani masanin ilimin halittu na wurin shakatawa a arewacin Florida mai suna don wannan bishiyar, Torreya State Park, ya yi magana game da wannan nau'in a matsayin "bacewa ta aiki a cikin daji."

### Canjin yanayi
Sauyin yanayi yana ƙara matsakaita yanayin dazuzzukan Amurka. Dazuzzuka a cikin Amurka mai jujjuyawa sun sami karuwar 0.8 °C tun 1900. Cewa wasu bishiyoyin asali sun riga sun ragu a cikin kewayon arewa an san su a cikin ƙarni na 20, kuma sun ƙaru a lokacin dumamar yanayi na ƙarni na 21. A classic takarda da masanin kimiyyar gandun daji Margaret B. Davis aka buga a 1989 kuma mai taken, "Lags a ciyayi mayar da martani ga greenhouse dumama." Ta kammala, "Don bin climatic sauyin yanayi a nan gaba, lalacewa ta hanyar greenhouse sakamako, duk da haka, su kewayon iyaka zai bukaci matsawa arewa 100 km a kowace °C dumamar yanayi .... Yawancin nau'in itatuwan na iya kasa samun isasshen yanayi, da saurin yanayi don samar da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. Hanyoyin tarwatsa iri, na iya kasancewa cikin haɗarin ruɓewa." A cikin 2020, Ma'aikatar Kula da Gandun daji ta Amurka ta fara yin la'akari sosai da yadda za a daidaita yanayin yanayin wurin shakatawa zuwa yanayin saurin canzawa - gami da taimakawa nau'ikan bishiyar (Joshua Tree da Giant Sequoia, waɗanda ake kiran wuraren shakatawa da yawa) don matsawa sama ko tsayi [1] fiye da nasu. Daga nan aka tsara tsarin aiwatar da ayyukan da hukumar ta yi zuwa dabarun “Karɓa-Resist-Direct” Shekaru goma da suka gabata, Ma'aikatar gandun daji ta Amurka ta ƙaddamar da dasa shuki na gwaji don taimakon ƙaura na wasu bishiyu masu daraja a Arewacin Amurka.

### Asalin
Connie Barlow, marubuciyar kimiyyar Amurka ce kuma mai son aikin gona ce ta kafa Torreya Guardians a cikin 2004. Ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi ƴan ƙasa da suka fito daga sana'o'i daban-daban, galibi suna cikin jihohin North Carolina, Tennessee, Michigan, da Ohio. Kafin kafuwar su, suna neman hanyoyin da za su fi kare Torreya taxifolia daga bacewa. Sun damu cewa matakan kiyayewa na gargajiya da aka mayar da hankali kan gyaran bishiyar a cikin tarihinta an ƙaddara su gaza, da kuma tsada sosai.

Bayan haka, mambobin farko sun koyi ta ziyartar Torreya californica a cikin gandun daji a California, da kuma ta hanyar rahotanni, cewa sauran bishiyoyi na Torreya za su yi ƙaura zuwa mafi tsayi lokacin da matsakaicin zafi ya sa su cikin haɗari. A cikin wannan sun ga mafita ga halin da tekun Florida ke ciki, kuma sun yi hasashen cewa bishiyar za ta yi girma idan aka ƙaura zuwa ƙasashen da ke arewacin tarihinta. Sun yi iƙirarin cewa torreyas zai fi dacewa don rayuwa a cikin yanayi mai sanyi kuma ana samun nau'in nau'in a California akan tudu masu tudu.

Manyan cibiyoyin kiyayewa na Amurka ba su son gwada hasashensu. Ba a taɓa aiwatar da ayyukan ƙaura da shuka ba a baya a cikin Amurka don manufar kiyayewa, don haka an ƙi shi. Maimakon haka, Hukumar Kifi da namun daji ta Amurka tana ƙoƙarin kare wannan nau'in ta hanyar kula da cututtukan da suka kamu da ita a cikin mahaifarta a lokacin, tare da ƙarancin nasara.

## Manazarta