Natalie Zemon Davis

## Rayuwa
Natalie Zemon Davis ( née An haifi née a Detroit, Michigan, a ranar 8 ga Nuwamba, 1928, cikin dangin Yahudawa masu matsakaicin matsayi waɗanda suka fito daga Gabashin Turai.  Mahaifiyarta tana aiki a matsayin mai kula da gida, kuma mahaifinta yana aiki a fannin yadi.  Ta bi diddigin hanyarta ta ilimi zuwa ga gadonta na Yahudawa duk da cewa aikinta bai ta'allaka kan batutuwan Yahudawa ba.   Davis ta halarci Makarantar Cranbrook Kingswood kuma daga baya ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Smith, Kwalejin Radcliffe, Jami'ar Harvard, da Jami'ar Michigan, inda ta sami digirin digirgir a 1959. Rubutun digirinta ya yi magana game da addini da aji tsakanin mawallafan Lyon a ƙarni na 16.  A shekarar 1948, ta haɗu da masanin lissafi kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a Chandler Davis (1926–2022).  Natalie ta shiga harkokin siyasa na hagu yayin da take Kwalejin Smith  kuma ma'auratan sun sami matsaloli a Amurka a lokacin zamanin Red Scare . Chandler Davis ya rasa matsayinsa na farfesa a Michigan, kuma a shekarun 1960, ma'auratan sun ƙaura zuwa Kanada tare da 'ya'yansu uku. 

Daga baya Natalie Zemon Davis ta koyar a Jami'ar Brown, Jami'ar Toronto, Jami'ar California da ke Berkeley, kuma daga 1978 zuwa ritayarta a 1996, a Jami'ar Princeton, inda ta zama Farfesa Henry Charles Lea na Tarihi kuma darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Tarihi ta Shelby Cullom Davis . Baya ga darussan da aka yi a tarihin farkon Faransa ta zamani, ta koyar kuma ta koyar da darussa tare a tarihi da ilimin ɗan adam, tarihin zamantakewa na Yahudawa na farko, da tarihi da fina-finai. Ta kuma kasance muhimmiyar mace a nazarin tarihin mata da jinsi - ta kafa kwas ɗin, tare da Jill Ker Conway, kwas ɗin a wannan fanni a 1971 a Jami'ar Toronto (ɗaya daga cikin irin waɗannan darussa na farko a Arewacin Amurka).

Bayan ta yi ritaya, ta zauna a Toronto, inda ta kasance Farfesa na Tarihi da Ilimin Dan Adam kuma Farfesa na Nazarin Zamani a Jami'ar Toronto. Ta mutu sakamakon cutar kansa a gidanta da ke Toronto a ranar 21 ga Oktoba, 2023, tana da shekaru 94.  

## Abubuwan bincike masu sha'awa
Babban abin da Natalie Davis ke sha'awa shi ne tarihin zamantakewa da al'adu na Turai ta Farko, musamman Faransa, kuma ta mai da hankali kan mutane da ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa waɗanda masana tarihi suka yi watsi da su a baya. Ta yi amfani da majiyoyi da yawa kamar bayanan shari'a, wasan kwaikwayo, bayanan notarial, takardun haraji, littattafai da ƙasidu da aka buga da farko, tarihin rayuwa da tatsuniyoyi na gargajiya.  Ta kasance mai goyon bayan tarihin fannoni daban-daban, wanda ya ƙunshi haɗa tarihi da fannoni kamar ilimin ɗan adam, ilimin ƙabilanci da ka'idar adabi .  A cikin *littafinta na Al'umma da Al'adu a Faransa ta Farko* (1975), ta bincika rayuwar masu sana'a da manoma: alaƙarsu da Gyaran Furotesta, bukukuwansu, zanga-zangarsu, da tashin hankali na addini, da tasirin bugawa akan hanyoyin tunaninsu. 

A cikin littafinta da jama'a suka fi sani, The Return of Martin Guerre (1983), ta bi diddigin wani shahararren mayaudari na ƙarni na 16 a wani ƙauye a Pyrénées don ganin yadda manoma ke tunani game da asalin kansu. [1] Sau da yawa ana danganta littafin Carlo Ginzburg mai suna The Cheese and the Worms game da mai tsattsauran ra'ayi Menocchio, littafin Davis ya samo asali ne daga gogewarta a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan tarihi ga fim ɗin Daniel Vigne mai suna Le retour de Martin Guerre . Littafinta ya fara fitowa da Faransanci a shekarar 1982 a lokaci guda da farkon fim ɗin. [2] Jaridar Financial Times ta bayyana Zemon Davis a matsayin "majagaba na ƙananan tarihi ".

### MANAZARTA