Tom Cushing

**Charles Cyprian Strong Cushing** (Oktoba 27, 1879 - Maris 6, 1941)  marubucin wasan kwaikwayo Ba'amurke ne wanda ya rubuta ƙarƙashin sunan **Tom Cushing** .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Cushing a New Haven, Connecticut, ɗan William Lee Cushing, wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban Makarantar Westminster a Simsbury, Connecticut, da Mary Lewis Strong Cushing. Goggon sa farfesa ce ta ilimin lissafi Eleanor P. Cushing . Ya halarci Westminster kuma daga baya Jami'ar Yale, inda ya kasance memba na Kwanyar Kai da Kasusuwa . Ya sauke karatu a shekarar 1902. Ya kasance malami a Sudan ta Ingilishi a cikin 1903 kuma malamin Ingilishi da Girkanci a Westminster daga 1909 zuwa 1917.  . A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, ya yi aiki a Faransa a sashen nishaɗi na YMCA .   Cushing ya mutu a Asibitin Baker Memorial da ke Boston bayan tiyatar da aka yi masa na ciwon kwakwalwa . 

## Sana'ar sana'a
Ya yi Broadway a cikin shekarar 1912 na halarta na farko tare da rubuta wasan ban dariya *Sari*, karɓuwar harshen Ingilishi na operetta *Der Zigeunerprimas* .  Cushing ya koka da PG Wodehouse cewa an biya shi $500 don wasan. 

A cikin shekarar 1921, wasansa *na gode*, wanda aka rubuta tare da Winchell Smith, an yi muhawara a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Longacre .  Dorothy Parker ya rubuta cewa "an yi shi da hankali.. kuma a hankali mai ban sha'awa. Haruffa na ƙananan gari ba su da ban dariya ba kamar yadda za su kasance, kuma za ku iya tunanin abin da ke jin dadi. Idan har wasan ya ƙare a karo na biyu. *Na gode* wannan wasa ne, amma tabbas akwai aiki na uku, ta yadda za a iya shigo da rigunan riguna, kuma masu sauraro za su ji cewa ya yi amfani da kudinsa."  1925 John Ford ya jagoranci sigar fim *Na gode* .

Wani farkon shekarar 1921, a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Empire, shine *Jini da Sand*, daidaitawarsa na Vicente Blasco Ibáñez novel *Sangre y arena* (1908). Otis Skinner ya yi tauraro a matsayin mai karantawa Juan Gallardo, kuma yayin da aka yaba da wasan kwaikwayonsa, masu sukar sun yi tunanin ya tsufa da yawa. Wasan Cushing an daidaita shi zuwa sigar fim ɗin shiru na shekarar 1922 wanda ke nuna Rudolph Valentino .  

A cikin shekarar 1923, wasansa *Laugh, Clown, Laugh*, wanda aka rubuta tare da David Belasco, wanda aka yi a Belasco Theater . An dai-daita shi daga wasan Italiyanci *Ridi, Pagliaccio* na Fausto Maria Martini . Lionel Barrymore ya yi tauraro a matsayin mai bakin ciki mai suna Tito Beppi.  Lon Chaney ya taka rawa a cikin 1928 na daidaita fim ɗin shiru .

*Out O'Luck, wasan kwaikwayo game da doughboys a Faransa, ƙungiyar Yale Dramatic Association ce ta yi a cikin shekara ta 1925 kuma daga baya ya tafi yawon shakatawa. Yale tsofaffin daliban Cole Porter ya ba da gudummawar waƙoƙi guda uku ga wasan kuma nasararsa ta ba shi kwarin gwiwa sosai da ake buƙata a lokacin da ya yi tunanin yin watsi da rubutun waƙa*.

Wasan Cushing na shekarar 1926 *Iblis a cikin Cuku* wanda aka fara a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Charles Hopkins . A ciki, wasu ma'auratan Amirka, waɗanda ( Robert McWade da Catherine Calhoun Doucet ) suka buga da 'yarsu ( Linda Watkins ) sun ziyarci Meteora, inda wani ɗan fashi na Girka ya kama su don fansa da wani ɗan fashi na Girka wanda ya nuna a matsayin firist da masanin ilimin archaeologist ( Bela Lugosi ) kuma daga baya ya cece su. ta saurayin 'yar ( Fredric Maris ). Aiki na biyu yana faruwa ne a cikin tunanin 'yar, kuma ya haɗa da tafiye-tafiye masu ban sha'awa a cikin Tekun Kudu da kuma tsibirin hamada, rayuwar gida, da kuma zama uwargidan shugaban kasa . Bayan mahaifinta ya ci ɗan cuku mai ɗanɗano sai aka ɓoye masa mafarkin 'yarsa godiya ga gunkin Masar Min . *[[New York Times|Jaridar New York Times ta]]* rubuta game da ayyukan Lugosi cewa yana "yin aiki da iko da sanin yakamata da kyawawan abubuwa". 

*La Gringa* (1928) wanda aka fara a Little Theatre, tare da Claudette Colbert .  An daidaita shi azaman fim ɗin da ya ɓace a yanzu *ta Kudu Sea Rose* (1929).

*Barely Proper* wasa ne na shekarar 1929 wanda ba a yi shi ba akan Broadway a lokacin rayuwarsa - Cushing ya buga shi *Wasan da ba a iya wasa ba* - amma an buga shi. An yi wasan kwaikwayo game da dangin masu nudists a ƙarshe a cikin shekarar 1970 a Belasco ta Ken McGuire don sake dubawa mara kyau.  Clive Barnes ya rubuta a cikin *New York Times* cewa yana "yin kanun labarai na matasa-weensy a matsayin wasan kwaikwayo na nudist na Broadway na farko. Ya kamata ya zama na ƙarshe". 

## Nassoshi

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

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