Asma Jahangir

**Asma Jilani Jahangir** (; 27 ga watan Janairun 1952 &#x2D; 11 ga watan Fabrairun 2018) lauya ce ta kare hakkin dan adam kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan Adam ta Pakistan wacce ta kafa kuma ta jagoranci Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Pakistan. An san Jahangir da taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ƙungiyar lauyoyi kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto na musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'yancin addini ko imani kuma a matsayin mai amincewa a Ƙungiyar Crisis ta Duniya.

An haife ta kuma ta girma a Lahore, Jahangir ta yi karatu a Convent of Jesus and Maryamu kafin ta sami B.A. daga Kinnaird da LLB daga Kwalejin Shari'a ta Jami'ar Punjab a 1978 kuma ta shiga ɗakin Barrister Ijaz Hussain Batalvi. A shekara ta 1980, an kira ta zuwa Babban Kotun Lahore, da kuma Kotun Koli a shekara ta 1982. A cikin shekarun 1980s, Jahangir ya zama mai fafutukar dimokuradiyya kuma an daure shi a 1983 saboda shiga cikin Movement for the Restoration of Democracy a kan mulkin soja na Zia-ul-Haq. A shekara ta 1986, ta koma Geneva, kuma ta zama mataimakiyar shugaban kungiyar kare yara ta kasa da kasa kuma ta kasance har zuwa 1988 lokacin da ta koma Pakistan.

A shekara ta 1987, Jahangir ya kafa Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Pakistan kuma ya zama Sakatare Janar. A shekara ta 1993, an ɗaukaka ta a matsayin shugabar hukumar. An sake sanya ta a tsare a gida a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2007 bayan sanya dokar ta baci. Bayan ta yi aiki a matsayin daya daga cikin shugabannin kungiyar lauyoyi, ta zama mace ta farko a Pakistan da ta yi aiki da Shugabar Kotun Koli, ta jagoranci taron don girmama Barrister Ijaz Hussain Batalvi wanda Akhtar Aly Kureshy Convenier Ijaz Hussein Batalwi Foundation ta shirya. Ta kasance shugabar kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta Kudancin Asiya kuma ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaban kungiyar kare hakkin bil'adama ta kasa da kasa. Jahangir ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto na musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'yancin addini daga watan Agustan shekara ta 2004 zuwa Yuli shekara ta 2010, gami da yin aiki a kwamitin Majalisar Dinkinobho don bincike kan take hakkin dan adam na Sri Lanka da kuma aikin gano gaskiyar Majalisar Dinkin duniya a kan ƙauyukan Isra'ila. A shekara ta 2016, an nada ta a matsayin mai ba da rahoto na musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Yanayin 'Yancin Dan Adam a Iran, inda ta kasance har zuwa mutuwarta a watan Fabrairun 2018.

Jahangir ta sami kyaututtuka da yawa ciki har da Kyautar Rayuwa ta Hakki ta 2014 (tare da Edward Snowden) don "kāri, karewa da inganta haƙƙin ɗan adam a Pakistan kuma mafi yawa, sau da yawa a cikin mawuyacin hali da rikitarwa kuma a cikin babban haɗari na mutum", Kyautar 'Yanci ta 2010 Freedom, Hilal-i-Imtiaz, Kyautar Sitara-Imsaytiaz, Ramon Mag a 2005, 1995 Kyautar Martin Ennals don Masu Kare Hakkin Dan Adam, da Kyautar UNESCO / Bilbao don Inganta Al'adu. Faransa ta ba ta lambar yabo ta Legion of Honour, kuma a cikin 2016 Jami'ar Pennsylvania Law School ta ba ta digiri na girmamawa. Rubuce-rubucen ta sun haɗa da Dokar Hudood: Sanction na Allah? da Yara na Ƙananan Allah.

An ba Jahangir lambar yabo ta Nishan-e-Imtiaz a ranar 23 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2018, mafi girman matsayi na hidima ga jihar, da kuma ayyukan diflomasiyya na kasa da kasa ta Mamnoon Hussain.

## Rayuwa ta farko

An haifi Asma Jahangir a cikin iyali mai arziki da siyasa mai suna Kakazai Pashtun tare da tarihin gwagwarmaya da aikin kare hakkin dan adam. Mahaifinta, Malik Ghulam Jilani, ma'aikacin gwamnati ne wanda ya shiga siyasa bayan ya yi ritaya kuma ya shafe shekaru a kurkuku da kuma tsare-tsare a gida saboda adawa da mulkin kama-karya na soja. An daure Malik a lokuta da yawa saboda ra'ayoyinsa na gaskiya, wanda ya haɗa da zargin gwamnatin Pakistan da kisan kare dangi a lokacin aikin soja a yanzu Bangladesh (tsohon Gabashin Pakistan).

Mahaifiyarta, Begum Sabiha Jilani (1927-2012), ta yi karatu a wata kwalejin da ake kira Forman Christian College da ke Lahore, a lokacin da 'yan mata Musulmai suka sami ilimi mafi girma. Sabiha ta kuma yi yaƙi da tsarin gargajiya, ta fara kasuwancin tufafinta har sai an kwace ƙasar iyalinta a 1967 sakamakon ra'ayoyin mijinta da tsare shi.
Jahangir kanta ta shiga cikin zanga-zangar adawa da mulkin soja tun tana ƙarama da kuma adawa da tsare mahaifinta da shugaban kasar Benazir Bhutto, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto ya yi a shekarar 1972. Ta sami digiri na BA daga Kwalejin Kinnaird, Lahore da kuma digiri na shari'a a 1978, da kuma digiri ya Bachelor of Laws (LLB) daga Jami'ar Punjab . Ta kuma sami digiri na girmamawa daga Jami'ar St. Gallen a Switzerland, Jami'ar Queens, Kanada, Jami'an Simon Fraser, Kanada da Jami'ar Cornell, Amurka.

Asma Jilani ta auri Tahir Jahangir. Suna da ɗa da 'ya'ya mata biyu, Munizae Jahangir, ɗan jarida da Sulema Jahangir , wanda shi ma lauya ne.

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

*