Milkshake

A milkshake (wani lokacin ana kiransa kawai shake) abin sha ne mai dadi da aka yi ta hanyar hada madara, ice cream, da dandano ko kayan zaki kamar butterscotch, caramel sauce, cakulan syrup, ko 'ya'yan itace syrup a cikin wani m, mai dadi, sanyi cakuda. Hakanan ana iya yin sa ta amfani da tushe da aka yi daga kayan da ba na madara ba, gami da madarar shuka kamar madarar almond, madarar kwakwa, ko madarar soya. Ana iya haɗa sinadaran bushe kamar 'ya'yan itace, kwayoyi, tsaba, zuma, ko kukis.

Milkshakes ya samo asali ne a Amurka a farkon karni na 20, kuma ya karu da shahara bayan gabatar da masu haɗakar lantarki a cikin shekaru ashirin da suka biyo baya. Sun zama wani bangare na al'adun matasa masu shahara, kamar yadda shagunan ice cream sun kasance wurin taro na al'adu ga matasa, kuma milkshakes ya zama alama ce ta rashin laifi na matasa.

## Shirye-shiryen
 
Gidajen cin abinci masu cikakken sabis, shagunan ice cream, maɓuɓɓugar soda, da masu cin abinci yawanci suna shirya girgizar a cikin na'urar shake. A gida, ana amfani da mahaɗin sau da yawa. Hakanan ana iya haɗa Milkshakes da hannu ta amfani da cokali. Ana iya yin Milkshakes daga kowane dandano na ice cream; ƙarin dandano, kamar syrup na cakulan, malt syrup, ko madara mai laushi, ana ƙara su sau da yawa kafin a gauraya su.

Yawancin kantin sayar da abinci mai sauri ba sa girgiza daga sinadaran mutum; maimakon haka, suna amfani da injunan shake na atomatik waɗanda ke daskarewa kuma suna ba da cakuda shake na madara da aka riga aka yi wanda ya kunshi madara, wakili mai ɗanɗano, da wakili mai kauri. Wadannan suna kama da na'urorin ice cream masu taushi, amma suna ci gaba da girgiza a cikin abin sha.

## Kalmomin
Magana game da bambancin tsakanin milkshake wanda ke amfani da ice cream da sauran nau'ikan madara mai ɗanɗano ya bambanta a yankin. Za'a iya kiran shake mai cike da ice cream a matsayin shake mai zurfi don rarrabe shi. A wasu sassan New England da gabashin Kanada, ana amfani da sunan FRAP (/fræp/ FRAP);  a Rhode Island musamman, ana iya kiran su majalisun,  kamar yadda yake a cikin "ma'aikatar kofi". Wani shake mai dauke da madara mai laushi wani lokacin ana kiransa *malt*. Ana amfani da kalmar *kankare* don musamman manyan madara waɗanda ba sa zubowa lokacin da aka juya su ƙasa, kamar waɗanda gidan cin abinci na Culver's ya bayar.

A wasu hukunce-hukuncen akwai bukatun doka game da abin da za a iya kira "milkshake", kamar buƙatu don yawan adadin mai da madara marasa mai. Saboda haka, ya zama ruwan dare ga gidajen cin abinci su guji amfani da kalmar "milkshake" don komawa ga samfuran su, kamar kawai kiran su "shakes" maimakon "milkishakes". Gidajen cin Abinci mai sauri waɗanda ba sa nufin irin waɗannan samfuran su a matsayin "milkshakes" sun haɗa da Wendy's (wanda ke kiran samfurin su "Frosty"), Burger King, Dairy Queen, Del Taco, McDonald's, Shake Shack, da Sonic Drive-In.

## Tarihi

### 1880s-1930s
Lokacin da aka fara amfani da kalmar milkshake a bugawa a 1885,  milkshake abin sha ne mai giya wanda aka bayyana shi a matsayin "mai ƙarfi, mai lafiya irin abin sha, tare da ƙwai, whiskey, da dai sauransu, ya zama abin sha da kuma dandano".  Koyaya, a shekara ta 1900, kalmar tana nufin "abin sha mai kyau da aka yi da cakulan, strawberry, ko vanilla syrup". A farkon shekarun 1900 mutane suna neman sabon abincin, sau da yawa tare da ice cream. A cikin shekarun 1930, milkshakes sanannen abin sha ne a shagunan malt, waɗanda suka kasance "maɓuɓɓugar soda ta musamman ta lokacin ... da ɗalibai ke amfani da ita azaman wurin taro ko wurin shakatawa".

Tarihin mai haɗakar lantarki, abin sha na madara, da milkshakes suna da alaƙa da juna. Kafin yaduwar masu haɗakar lantarki, abubuwan sha na milkshake sun fi kama da eggnog, ko kuma sun kasance cakuda da aka girgiza da hannu na kankara da madara, sukari, da dandano. Hamilton Beach ta gabatar da Cyclone Drink Mixer a cikin 1911, kuma an yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin maɓuɓɓugar soda.

Zane-zanen bakin tekun Hamilton, tare da motar a saman, ya kasance mafi yawan nau'in na'ura na milkshake. [ana binciken hujja] [citation need] A shekara ta 1922, Steven Poplawski ya ƙera na'ura mai haɗaɗɗiya ta ƙasa, wadda a wasu lokuta ake amfani da ita don yin milkshakes. Tare da ƙirƙirar blender, milkshakes sun fara ɗaukar nau'in su na zamani, bulala, iska, da kumfa.

Amfani da madara mai laushi a cikin milkshakes ya shahara a Amurka ta hanyar kantin magani na Chicago Walgreens. Martin madara foda - cakuda madara mai narkewa, sha'ir mai narkewar, da garin alkama - William Horlick ne ya kirkireshi a cikin 1897 don amfani da shi azaman abin sha mai sauƙin narkewa ga mutane da yara masu nakasa, kuma azaman abincin jariri. Koyaya, mutane masu lafiya ba da daɗewa ba sun fara shan abin sha da aka yi da madara mai laushi kawai don dandano, kuma abin sha mai laushi mai laushi wanda ke dauke da madara, syrup na cakulan, da foda na malt sun zama misali a maɓuɓɓugar soda. A cikin 1922, ma'aikacin Walgreens Ivar "Pop" Coulson ya yi shake ta hanyar ƙara nau'ikan ice cream na vanilla guda biyu zuwa tsarin girke-girke na madara. Wannan abu, a ƙarƙashin sunan "Horlick's Malted Milk", an nuna shi ta hanyar kantin magani na Walgreen a matsayin wani ɓangare na cakulan milkshake, wanda kansa ya zama sananne a matsayin "malted" ko "malt" kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun abubuwan sha na soda.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Ayyukan sarrafa kansa na milkshakes sun samo asali ne a cikin shekarun 1930, bayan kirkirar firiji mai sanyaya ya ba da hanya mai aminci, abin dogaro na yin da rarraba ice cream ta atomatik. A cikin 1936, mai kirkiro Earl Prince ya yi amfani da ainihin ra'ayi a bayan na'urar ice cream mai sanyaya ta freon don haɓaka Multimixer, "mai haɗawa mai juyawa guda biyar wanda zai iya samar da milkshakes guda biyar a lokaci guda, duk ta atomatik, kuma ya rarraba su a lokacin da aka ja maɓallin zuwa jiran kofuna takarda".

Labaran jaridu daga ƙarshen shekarun 1930 sun nuna cewa ana amfani da kalmar 'frosted' a wasu lokuta don komawa ga milkshakes, musamman waɗanda aka yi da ice cream. A cikin 1937, Denton Journal a Maryland ya bayyana cewa "Don girgizar 'gishiri', ƙara ɗanɗano na ice cream da kuka fi so. " A cikin 1939, Mansfield News a Ohio ya bayyana cewa ""A frosted be drink, in the vernacular, is something good to which ice cream. Misali mafi kyau shine free kofi -wannan zafi, mai ɗanɗano abin sha da aka yi sanyi da ice cream" &nbsp;

### 1940s-1950s
A cikin shekarun 1950, shahararrun wuraren shan madara sune Woolworth's "5 & 10" lunch counters, diners, burger joints, da kuma magudanar soda. Wadannan cibiyoyin galibi suna nuna injin hada madara mai haske ko injin shake.

Wadannan cibiyoyin sun yi milkshakes a Hamilton Beach ko irin wannan salon na masu hada abin sha, wanda ke da spindles da agitators wanda ke ninka iska cikin abin sha don "smooth, fluffy results" kuma ya ba su a cikin 12 + 1⁄2-US-fluid-ounce (370  tsawo tabarau tare da bulbous saman. Ma'aikatan maɓuɓɓugar Soda suna da nasu yaren, kamar su "Burn One All the Way" (kayan kwalliya da aka yi da ice cream), "Twist It, Choke It, and Make It Cackle" (kudan kwalliya da kwai), "Shake One in the Hay" (shake strawberry), da kuma "White Cow" (vanilla milkshake).  A cikin shekarun 1950, wani mai sayar da na'urar shake mai suna Ray Kroc ya sayi haƙƙin mallaka ga mai yin shake na Multimixer na shekarun 1930 daga mai kirkiro Earl Prince, kuma ya ci gaba da amfani da na'urorin shake na atomatik don hanzarta samarwa a gidajen cin abinci na McDonald's.

Milkshakes ya kuma zama sananne a wasu sassan duniya, gami da Ingila da Ostiraliya. A Ostiraliya, sandunan madara sun zama sanannun kuma ana ba da milkshakes da sauƙi kuma sau da yawa a cikin aluminum ko ko kofin ƙarfe wanda aka shirya su. Baya ga karin dandano na gargajiya, spearmint da milkshakes masu ɗanɗano sun zama sanannun a Ostiraliya.

### Shekaru 2000 zuwa yanzu

A shekara ta 2006, Hukumar Binciken Aikin Gona ta Amurka ta haɓaka rage sukari, ƙarancin madara don shirye-shiryen abincin rana. Girgizar tana da rabin sukari kuma kashi 10% kawai na kitse na girgizar abinci mai sauri na kasuwanci. Makarantu suna buƙatar injin shake madara ko injin ice cream mai laushi don ba da madara. Har ila yau, milkshakes sun kara fiber da sauran abubuwan gina jiki da rage matakan lactose, wanda ya sa girgizar ta dace da wasu mutanen da ke fama da rashin haƙuri.

Tallace-tallace na Amurka na milkshakes, malt, da floats sun karu da 11% a cikin 2006, a cewar kamfanin bincike na masana'antu NPD Group. Christopher Muller, darektan Cibiyar Gudanar da Gidan Gida da Multi-Unit a Jami'ar Orlando ta Tsakiya ta Florida ya ce "milkshakes yana tunatar da mu game da lokacin rani, matasa - da indulgence", kuma "suna tunatar da lokacin da ya wuce". Muller ya bayyana cewa milkshakes wani abu ne "mai fa'ida sosai" ga gidajen cin abinci, tunda abubuwan sha suna dauke da iska mai yawa. Kamfanin bincike na kasuwa Technomic ya bayyana cewa kusan kashi 75% na matsakaicin farashin gidan cin abinci na $ 3.38 a cikin 2006 riba ce. Wani zartarwa daga Sonic Drive-In, jerin gidajen cin abinci na Amurka na shekarun 1950, ya kira girgiza "ɗaya daga cikin manyan wurarenmu, wuraren samar da kudaden shiga".&nbsp;

Wani labarin 2016 ya bayyana cewa masu dafa abinci suna gwada sababbin ra'ayoyi tare da milkshakes don ci gaba da sha'awar abubuwan sha. Labarin ya lura cewa girgizar kofi mai ɗanɗano sananne ne "saboda yana da ɗanɗano da ɗanɗanyo". Wani yanayin shine amfani da nau'ikan madara daban-daban, kamar madarar almond, madarar kwakwa, madarar soya, ko madarar hemp.

## Amfani da zanga-zangar

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2019, a lokacin da ake gina zaben majalisar dokokin Tarayyar Turai a Burtaniya, jefa shake-shake ya fito ne a matsayin wata dabara ta zanga-zanga, yawanci ana niyya ga 'yan siyasa na dama. Wannan motsi ya samo asali ne daga "milkshaking" na Tommy Robinson, tare da na biyu da aka jefa daga baya a wannan watan.

'Yan sanda na Burtaniya sun bukaci kamfanin Edinburgh McDonald's ya guji sayar da milkshakes a ranar 17 ga Mayu yayin ziyarar Nigel Farage. Wannan ya sa Burger King ya yi martani a shafin Twitter: "Muna sayar da milkshakes duk karshen mako. Yi nishaɗi. "  Daga baya Hukumar Kula da Ka'idojin Talla ta Burtaniya ta dakatar da tweet din Burger King, saboda sun ji cewa "ya amince da halayyar da ta gabata kuma ya karfafa karin lokuta", kuma saboda haka tallace-tallace ne "marasa alhakin". A wani ziyara daban a Newcastle a ranar 20 ga Mayu, Farage ya jefa masa shake na biyar. Carl Benjamin yana da jimlar milkshakes guda huɗu da aka jefa masa a wannan makon. Ayyukan shaking sun yi kama da na egging a matsayin wani nau'i na zanga-zanga game da 'yan siyasa.

## A cikin al'adun gargajiya
Masu shirya fina-finai wani lokacin suna amfani da milkshakes a matsayin taƙaitaccen gani don jigogi na tsabtar, rashin laifi, da matasa marasa cin hanci, suna wakiltar su a matsayin 'sweetness da nagarta.  A cikin All About Eve, ta hanyar darektan Joseph L. Mankiewicz, halin Bette Davis ba shi da farin ciki don ganin mutumin da ke son yin wa mata mata mata mata mai shaye-shake, don haka halin Davis ya umarci Martini mai shaye, kuma "da-shake-shake". Hakazalika, halin da Steve Buscemi ke takawa a cikin *Ghost World* an yi masa ba'a ta wata yarinya matashiya saboda ya ba da umarnin "mace-mace vanilla milkshake"; a *Manhattan*, ta hanyar darektan Woody Allen, darektan ya jawo hankali ga bambancin shekaru tsakanin halin da yake da shekaru 42 (shi ma yana aiki a matsayin jagora) da budurwarsa matashiyar ta hanyar shan madara. A cikin fim din *Lolita* a shekara ta 1997, wata yarinya matashiya ta sha shake yayin da take tare da mutumin da ke tsakiyar shekaru (sabon saurayin mahaifiyarta) wanda ke sha'awar ta.

Ana nuna haruffa daga Archie Comics sau da yawa suna shan madara. Jerin talabijin na *Riverdale*, wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar wasan kwaikwayo, yana nuna haruffa a cikin gidan cin abinci na gida na 1950, Pop's Chock'lit Shoppe; don inganta wasan kwaikwayon, simintin sun raba madara yayin bayyanar a kan The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon . 

Master Shake, daya daga cikin manyan haruffa daga jerin shirye-shiryen Amurka na Aqua Teen Hunger Force (wanda aka fi sani da wasu sunayen sarauta), shine mai girman mutum.

A cikin Kelis '2003 hit single "Milkshake" sunan abin sha an sake maimaita shi a cikin waƙar. Milkshakes suna nunawa sosai a cikin bidiyon bidiyon waƙar, wanda ke nuna haruffa da ke cinye su a cikin gidan cin abinci.

Kalmar Milkshake Duck, wacce aka kirkira a kan Twitter a cikin 2017, tana nufin mutumin da ya fara zama sananne a kafofin sada zumunta, kawai don ya zama abin kunya yayin da wasu masu amfani suka yi amfani da kasancewarsu ta yanar gizo kuma suka sami maganganu masu banƙyama ko tarihin da ba shi da kyau.

## Dubi kuma

* Girgizar lafiya
* Keventers Milkshake - alamar madara ta Indiya
* Shake Shack - jerin gidan cin abinci mai sauri na Amurka da ke jaddada girgizar ƙasa
* Mai laushi
* Frosty (kayan zuma mai daskarewa) 
* McDonald's ice cream na na'ura - na'urar da aka yi amfani da ita don yin ice cream da girgiza a McDonald's
* Faloodeh - ruwan zuma ko ice cream.

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

*