James L. Buckley

**James Lane Buckley** (9 ga Maris, 1923 - 18 ga Agusta, 2023) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne, lauya, diflomasiyya, kuma marubuci. Buckley ya yi aiki a Majalisar Dattijai ta Amurka a matsayin memba na Jam'iyyar Conservative ta Jihar New York, ya rike mukamai da yawa a cikin Gwamnatin Reagan, kuma ya yi aiki azaman alƙali na Kotun daukaka kara ta Amurka don Gundumar Columbia. Ya kasance ɗan'uwan sanannen marubuci mai ra'ayin mazan jiya kuma mai sharhi William F. Buckley Jr.

Buckley ya kayar da Sanata na Jamhuriyar Republican na Amurka Charles Goodell da Wakilin Democrat na Amurka Richard Ottinger a zaben 1970 na Majalisar Dattijai na Amurka a matsayin wanda aka zaba na Jam'iyyar Conservative ta New York . Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Dattijai daga 1971 zuwa 1977; Dan jam'iyyar Democrat Daniel Moynihan ya kayar da shi a shekarar 1976. Buckley ya kuma yi takarar Majalisar Dattijai ta Amurka a zaben Majalisar Dattijan Amurka na 1980 a Connecticut, amma dan jam'iyyar Democrat Chris Dodd ya ci shi. A lokacin gwamnatin Reagan ta farko, Buckley ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Sakataren Harkokin Tsaro na Duniya. Ya kuma kasance Shugaban Rediyo Free Europe / Rediyo Liberty daga 1982 zuwa 1985.

Shugaba Ronald Reagan ne ya zabi Buckley a matsayin kujerar Kotun daukaka kara ta Amurka don Gundumar Columbia a ranar 16 ga Oktoba, 1985. A ranar 17 ga Disamba, 1985, Majalisar Dattijai ta Amurka ta tabbatar da shi kuma ta karbi aikinsa. Buckley ya ɗauki babban matsayi a shekarar 1996. Yana da bambancin kasancewa da mukamin tsarin mulki a kowane reshe uku na gwamnatin tarayya ta Amurka.

## Rayuwa ta farko, ilimi, iyali, da kuma farkon aiki
An haifi James Lane Buckley a ranar 9 ga Maris, 1923, a Manhattan, Birnin New York, ga Aloise Steiner da William Frank Buckley Sr., na huɗu na yara goma ga ma'auratan. Saboda mahaifinsa ya yi magana da Mutanen Espanya ga yaran Buckley lokacin da Buckley yake ƙarami, Buckley ya koyi Mutanen Espanya kafin ya koyi Turanci. Shi ne babban ɗan'uwan marigayi marubucin mai ra'ayin mazan jiya William F. Buckley Jr. kuma kawun Christopher Taylor Buckley. Ya kuma kasance kawun Brent Bozell III da kuma mai ba da shawara kan siyasa William F. B. O'Reilly . Mahaifiyarsa, daga New Orleans, ta fito ne daga zuriyar Swiss-Jamusanci, Jamusanci, da Irish, yayin da kakanninsa, daga Hamilton, Ontario, Kanada, sun fito ne daga asalin Irish.

Buckley ya halarci Makarantar Millbrook. Ya sami digiri na farko a Turanci daga Jami'ar Yale a 1943;  a Yale, ya kasance memba na Skull and Bones. Buckley ya shiga cikin Sojojin Ruwa na Amurka a 1942. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, ya shiga cikin yaƙe-yaƙe na Leyte, Lingayen Gulf, da Okinawa . An sallami Buckley tare da matsayi na Lieutenant (junior grade)  a cikin 1946. Bayan ya sami digiri na farko na shari'a daga Yale Law School a 1949, an shigar da shi cikin kotun Connecticut a 1950 kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 1953, lokacin da ya shiga Kamfanin Catawba a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasa da darektan. A shekara ta 1965, ya gudanar da kamfen din ɗan'uwansa na magajin gari na New York. A halin yanzu, a watan Mayu 1953, ya auri Ann Frances Cooley, tare da ita yana da 'ya'ya shida. Ta mutu a ranar 30 ga Disamba, 2011.  

## Majalisar Dattijai ta Amurka

### Zabe

#### 1968
A shekara ta 1968, Buckley ya tsaya takarar dan majalisa na Jam'iyyar Conservative ta Jihar New York, bayan ɗan'uwansa William F. Buckley Jr. ya yi aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da magajin gari na jam'iyyar a zaben magajin gari a Birnin New York na 1965. Buckley ya lashe zaben jam'iyyar a ranar 2 ga Afrilu, 1968, tare da goyon bayan dukkan kwamitocin jihohi arba'in. Buckley ya kasance na uku a cikin babban zaben bayan dan takarar Republican Jacob Javits da dan takarar Democrat Paul O'Dwyer bayan sun sami kuri'u 1,139,402 (17.31%). 

### MANAZARTA