Farautar Seal

**Kifi** na hatimi, ko hatimi, shine farautar mutum ko kasuwanci na hatimi. A halin yanzu ana yin farautar seal a kasashe tara: Kanada, Denmark (a cikin Greenland mai cin gashin kansa kawai), Rasha, Amurka (sama da Arctic Circle a Alaska), Namibia, Estonia, Norway, Finland da Sweden. Yawancin farautar hatimi a duniya yana faruwa a Kanada da Greenland.

Ma'aikatar Kifi da Tekun Kanada (DFO) tana tsara farautar hatimi a Kanada. Yana saita ƙididdigar (cikakken da aka ba da izini - TAC), yana sa ido kan farauta, yana nazarin yawan hatimi, yana aiki tare da Ƙungiyar Masu hatimi ta Kanada don horar da masu hatimi a kan sabbin ƙa'idodi, da kuma inganta hatimi ta hanyar shafin yanar gizon da masu magana da yawunta. DFO ta kafa adadin girbi sama da hatimi 90,000 a cikin 2007; 275,000 a shekarar 2008; 280,000 a cikin 2009; da 330,000 a cikin 2010. Kisan da aka yi a cikin 'yan shekarun nan sun kasance ƙasa da ƙididdigar: 82,800 a 2007; 217,800 a 2008; 72,400 a 2009; da 67,000 a 2010. A shekara ta 2007, Norway ta ba da rahoton cewa an kashe hatimi 29,000, Rasha ta ba da labarin cewa an kashe seal 5,479 kuma Greenland ta ba da rahoto cewa an kashe Seal 90,000 a cikin farautar su.

Yawan jama'ar hatimin garaya a arewa maso yammacin Atlantika ya ragu zuwa kusan miliyan 2 a ƙarshen 1960s sakamakon adadin kisa na Kanada na shekara-shekara, wanda ya kai sama da 291,000 daga 1952 zuwa 1970. Masu rajin kare muhalli sun bukaci a rage yawan kashe-kashe da kuma tsaurara dokoki don hana bacewar hatimin garaya. This has caused some conflicts with other seal-hunting nations, as Greenland also was hit by the boycotts that often were aimed at seals (often young) killed by clubbing or similar methods, which have not been in use in Greenland. A shekarar 1971, gwamnatin Kanada ta mayar da martani ta hanyar kafa tsarin rabo. Tsarin ya kasance mai fa'ida, inda kowane kwale-kwale yana kamawa da yawa kamar yadda zai iya kafin farauta a rufe, wanda Sashen Kamun kifi da Teku suka yi a lokacin da suka san cewa an kai ga kason shekarar. Saboda an yi tunanin cewa gasa na iya haifar da masu sitiriyo su yanke sasanninta, an gabatar da sabbin ka'idoji waɗanda ke iyakance kamawa zuwa hatimi 400 a kowace rana, da 2000 kowace jirgin ruwa duka. Binciken yawan jama'a na 2007 wanda DFO ta gudanar ya kiyasta yawan jama'a a miliyan 5.5.

## Ma'anar Kalmar Seal
Ana amfani da kalmar hatimi don komawa ga rukunin dabbobi daban-daban. A cikin kimiyya, an haɗa su tare a cikin Pinnipeds, wanda kuma ya haɗa da walrus, ba a yi la'akari da su a matsayin hatimi ba, kuma ba a la'akari da su a nan. Manyan iyalai guda biyu na hatimi sune Otariidae (masu hatimin kunne; sun haɗa da zakuna na teku, da hatimin fur), da Pocidae (kullun kunne); Dabbobi a cikin dangin Phocidae wani lokaci ana kiran su da hatimin gashi, kuma sun fi dacewa da cikakken salon rayuwa na ruwa fiye da hatimin kunne, kodayake suna da wahalar tafiya a ƙasa.

## Amfani
Hatimin Jawo yana haifar da Jawo mai mahimmanci; hatimin gashi ba shi da fur, amma ana iya samun mai daga kitsensa da fata daga fatarsa. An yi amfani da hatimi don kwasfansu, namansu, da kitsensu, waɗanda galibi ana amfani da su azaman man fitila, man shafawa, man girki, wani abu na sabulu, tushen ruwa don fentin jan ocher, da kayan sarrafa su kamar fata da jute. . An ƙera Pinseal cikin jakunkuna, kuma hanta hanta sune farkon tushen insulin. Masu sintirin kasuwanci na farko sun watsar da yawancin nama, amma suna iya ajiye hatimin zukata da flipper don abincin yamma.

## Manazarta