Babban Masallacin Brussels

**Babban Masallacin Brussels** yana cikin Parc du Cinquantenaire/Jubelpark. An gina shi a shekarar 1897 a matsayin wurin baje kolin kayan tarihi, Saudiyya ta mayar da shi wurin ibada na Musulmi a shekarar 1978, wanda ya shafe shekaru arba'in yana gudanar da shi. Daga watan Afrilun 2019 zuwa Yunin 2023, Shugaban Majalisar Musulmi ta Belgium, kusa da gwamnatin Morocco ne ke gudanar da shi.

Matsayin Babban Masallaci a matsayin babbar cibiyar addini a cikin al'ummar Musulunci ta Belgium —da kuma rawar da aka tsara a matsayin gadar diflomasiyya tsakanin masarautun Saudiyya da Belgium—ya kasance abin muhawara tun lokacin da aka sake kafa shi.   Masallacin yana da farin jini a tsakanin jami'an diflomasiyya na Musulmi kuma wuri ne mai shahara ga 'yan Belgium da ke neman shiga Musulunci.  Ya kuma koyar da dubban ɗalibai Musulmi. 

## Tarihi

### Babban Taro na Gabas (1897)
An gina ginin asali ta hannun mai zane Ernest Van Humbeeck a cikin salon neo-Moorish, don ƙirƙirar Babban Taro na Gabashin Brussels na 1897. A wancan lokacin, rumfar ta ƙunshi wani babban zane a kan zane, *Panorama na Alkahira* (wanda aka yi wa lakabi da *Cairo da Banks of the Nile* ), wanda mai zane Emile Wauters ya yi, wanda ya sami babban nasara. An yi wannan aikin daga 1880 zuwa 81 don *Neue Panorama* da ke Vienna . An dawo da shi Belgium bayan gobara ta lalata rotunda na Viennese, an adana hoton a cikin wani ma'ajiyar kayan tarihi da ba a yi amfani da shi ba a Molenbeek-Saint-Jean . Duk da haka, a shekarar 1895, Count Louis Cavens ya sayi zanen, wanda ya ba da gudummawarsa ga Gwamnatin Belgium bayan gyarawa. Don ɗaukar aikin, mai kula da shi ya gina gini mai siffar masallaci da kansa a Cinquantenaire Park. An zaɓi wurin da yake a ƙarshen arewa maso yamma na wurin shakatawar ne a lokacin ziyarar da Count, Ministan Fasaha Léon de Bruyn da Gédéon Bordiau, mai ginin da ke kula da haɓaka wurin suka kai. 

An gina ginin da kayan aiki masu ɗorewa - tubali, marmara da ƙarfe - an yi niyyar zama wani ɓangare na Gidan Tarihi na Masarautar Ado da Fasahar Masana'antu . Duk da haka, bayan bikin baje kolin duniya, ba da daɗewa ba aka rufe ginin da yanayinsa ga jama'a, kuma tun farkon 1901, sun fara nuna alamun lalacewa, don haka aka fara tambayar kula da su. Mai zane Alfred Bastien ya fara gyara ginin a 1923, sannan ya sake yin na biyu a 1950, don gyara lalacewar da aka yi wa rufin gilashi a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu . A ƙarshe an rufe wurin shakatawa a 1963. Gwamnatin Belgium ba ta da hanyoyin da suka dace don kula da ginin, wanda aka yi watsi da shi, aka cinye shi da danshi kuma aka buɗe shi ga duk iska. An wargaza shi a 1971, zane ya ɓace daga ƙarshe. Yanzu an adana wasu guntu-guntu a cikin tarin masu zaman kansu. 

### Babban Masallaci (1978)

A shekarar 1967, Sarki Baudouin na Belgium ya ba Sarki Faisal ibn Abd al-Aziz na Saudiyya jinginar ginin na tsawon shekaru 99 ba tare da haya ba, a wata ziyarar aiki da ya kai Belgium a matsayin wani ɓangare na tattaunawar tabbatar da kwangilolin mai.  An mayar da ginin wurin ibada ga musulmai 'yan cirani zuwa Belgium, waɗanda a lokacin suka fito daga Morocco da Turkiyya .  A matsayin wani ɓangare na yarjejeniyar, za a ɗauki hayar limamai daga yankin Gulf, kuma kodayake akidar Salafiyya ta gargajiya ta bambanta da ta 'yan cirani masu ra'ayin Sunni masu buɗe ido,  a cewar ɗan siyasa Georges Dallemagne,  koyarwarsu za ta mayar da waɗannan baƙin zuwa ga al'ada ta gargajiya kuma za ta hana su shiga cikin al'ummar Belgium. 

An buɗe masallacin, wanda aka kiyaye tsarinsa na zagaye, amma kamanninsa ya canza sosai bayan dogon gini da aka yi a kan kuɗin Saudiyya ta hannun mai ginin gine-ginen Tunisiya Mongi Boubaker, a shekarar 1978 a gaban Khalid ibn Abd al-Aziz da Baudouin.  

## Ƙungiya
Bisa ga wata doka da ministan ilimi na Belgium André Bertouille ya sanya wa hannu a shekarar 1983, an sanya masallacin a ƙarƙashin ikon Ƙungiyar Musulmi ta Duniya, wadda daga nan ta sami mukamai uku a kwamitin gudanarwarta.  Ƙungiyar Musulmi ta Duniya ce ke ɗaukar nauyin wannan masallacin, wanda gwamnatin Saudiyya ke ɗaukar nauyinsa.  Cibiyar Al'adun Musulunci tana da makaranta da cibiyar bincike ta Musulunci wacce manufarta ita ce yaɗa addinin Musulunci. Ana yin addu'o'in ne da Larabci.  Cibiyar kuma tana ba da darussan Larabci ga manya da yara, da kuma darussan gabatarwa a Musulunci da sauran ayyukan da aka tsara don haɗin kai. 

Ɗan majalisar dokokin Belgium Willy Demeyer ya soki tsarin masallacin da cewa tsohon abu ne: "A yau, Musulmai suna nan a kowace gundumar Belgium kuma mafi yawansu suna son su rayu cikin aminci - su ne ya kamata mu miƙa wa Musulunci mafi wakilci a gare su..." 

## Takaddama

### Zargin inganta tsattsauran ra'ayi
Bayan hare-haren Paris a watan Nuwamban 2015, limamai da jami'an masallacin sun bayyana cewa Musulunci addini ne na zaman lafiya kuma "ba shi da alaƙa da 'yan ta'adda".   Daraktan ICC Khalid Alabri wanda ya yaɗa akidar Takfiri hukumomin Belgium sun kori shi saboda mummunan ra'ayinsa a shekarar 2012.  

A watan Oktoban 2017, sakataren matsugunin mafaka da ƙaura na Belgium, Theo Francken, ya soke izinin zama na limamin masallacin da Masar ta horar, Abdelhadi Sewif.  Francken ya ambaci akidarsa ta salafiyya, matsayinsa na mai ra'ayin mazan jiya da kuma limamin da ke da haɗari ga al'ummar Belgium da tsaron ƙasa a matsayin dalilan soke shi.   Sewif ya musanta duk wata alaƙa da tsattsauran ra'ayi kuma ya yi kira ga babbar hukumar ƙaura ta ƙasar, amma mataimakin firaministan Belgium, Jan Jambon, ya rage damarsa ta samun nasara a ɗaukaka ƙara.  Wani kwamiti na jama'a da ke binciken hare-haren bama-bamai na Brussels a shekarar 2016 ya gano cewa mahalarta kwasa-kwasan a masallacin 9 sun shiga sahun mayaka na ƙasashen waje na ƙungiyoyi masu tsattsauran ra'ayi a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Saboda waɗannan binciken, kwamitin ya ba da shawarar a watan Oktoban 2017 cewa a soke ikon Saudiyya na masallacin.  Kwamitin ya kuma bayyana cewa koyarwar salafiyya da wahabiyanci ta masallacin ta saba wa Musulunci mai sassaucin ra'ayi wanda ya dace da al'ummar Turai. 

Duk da cewa shugabannin masallacin suna da'awar cewa suna goyon bayan Musulunci, hukumomin Belgium sun bayyana cewa masallacin yana ƙarfafa masu ibada su rufe kansu daga manyan al'ummomin Belgium, kuma babban limamin cocin Abdelhadi Sewif bai iya harsunan Faransanci ko na Dutch ba, na hukuma a Belgium. 

### Saudiyya ta janye daga mulki
A watan Fabrairun 2018, Saudiyya ta amince ta daina kula da masallacin a matsayin wata alama da ke nuna cewa tana ƙoƙarin zubar da sunanta a matsayin wadda ke fitar da wani nau'in Musulunci mai tsattsauran ra'ayi a duniya. 

A ranar 16 ga Maris, 2018, Majalisar Ministocin Belgium ta yanke shawarar kawo ƙarshen yarjejeniyar tare da mayar da ita ga Shugaban Majalisar Musulmi na Belgium da kuma wata ƙungiyar agaji ta masu bin addinin Kirista.  An yanke shawarar sauya sheka na shekara ɗaya, wanda zai ba da damar ƙirƙirar tsarin da zai haɗa Shugaban Majalisar Musulmi da ƙungiyar da ba a kafa ba tukuna. Don haka gwamnati ta zartar da shawarar kwamitin da ke binciken hare-haren bama-bamai na Brussels na 2016 wanda ke da nufin kawo ƙarshen tsoma bakin ƙasashen waje a cikin addinin Musulunci da ake koyarwa a Belgium. 

A watan Disamba na 2020, Ministan Shari'a Vincent Van Quickenborne ya bayar da shawara mara kyau, inda ya dakatar da tsarin amincewa da sabuwar ƙungiyar gudanarwa mai zaman kanta *ta Association de la grande mosquée de Bruxelles* (AGMB). Hukumar Tsaron Jiha ta gano mambobi uku na tsarin da ke da alaƙa da leƙen asirin Morocco da kuma ɗaya da Diyanet na Turkiyya ke aiki da shi. *Ƙungiyar agaji ta Académie de Formations et de Recherches en Etudes Islamiques* (AFOR), wacce aka ƙirƙira a matsayin cibiyar horarwa mai zaman kanta ga limamai, tana da ɗalibai huɗu kacal.  Ya zuwa shekarar 2018, ƙungiyar agaji ta Centre Islamique et Culturel de Belgique, ko kuma, a cikin harshen Holland, Islamitisch en Cultureel Centrum van België ( lit. Ana rusa    ), wadda a da take da wurin zama a masallacin, ana rusa ta. 

## Yanki
A kusa da Babban Masallacin, abin tunawa ga Majagaba na Belgium a Kongo ya nuna wani abu da ake kira *jarumtakar sojojin Belgium da ta share [[Cinikin bayi na Sahara|dillalin bayi (Larabawa)]]* . Masu ziyara a masallacin sun koka game da ambaton *dillalin bayi na Larabawa* . Tare da jakadun Jordan da Saudiyya, limamin masallacin ya shigar da ƙara game da rubutun, wanda ya kai ga cire ambaton *Arabschen / arabe* a shekarar 1988.  

## Manazarta