Tsohon Melbourne Gaol

**Tsohon Gaol** tsohon gidan yari ne kuma gidan tarihi na yanzu a titin Russell, a Melbourne, Victoria, Ostiraliya. Ya ƙunshi ginin dutse mai dutse da farfajiya, kuma yana kusa da tsohon ginin Gidan Tsaron 'Yan Sanda na Birni da Kotunan Birni, da kuma gaban Hedikwatar 'Yan Sanda ta titin Russell. An fara gina shi ne a shekarar 1839, kuma a lokacin da yake aiki a matsayin gidan yari tsakanin 1845 da 1924, ya kama tare da kashe wasu daga cikin manyan masu laifi na Ostiraliya, ciki har da mai kisan gillar daji Ned Kelly da mai kisan gillar Frederick Bailey Deeming. Jimilla, an kashe mutane 133 ta hanyar ratayewa. Duk da cewa an yi amfani da shi na ɗan lokaci a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, ya daina aiki a matsayin gidan yari a hukumance a shekarar 1924, tare da haɗa sassan gidan yarin cikin Jami'ar RMIT, sauran kuma suka zama gidan tarihi.

Gidan tarihin mai hawa uku yana nuna bayanai da abubuwan tunawa na fursunoni da ma'aikata, gami da abin rufe fuska na masu laifin da aka kashe. A wani lokaci gidan tarihin ya nuna abin da aka yi imanin a lokacin shine ƙoƙon kan Ned Kelly, kafin a sace shi a shekarar 1978, da kuma fensir ɗin da Colin Campbell Ross wanda aka yanke wa hukunci ba daidai ba ya yi amfani da shi don nuna rashin laifinsa a rubuce, kafin a kashe shi.

## Tarihi

An zaɓi wani yanki mai ciyawa a arewa maso gabashin Melbourne a matsayin wurin zama na dindindin na farko a Port Phillips. A ranar 1 ga Janairu 1838, an naɗa George Wintle ya zama mai kula da gidan yarin akan £100 a shekara; inda wurin ya zama Otal ɗin Wintle. [undefined] An fara gina gidan yarin a 1839-1840 a kan titin Collins West, amma an ɗauke shi ƙarami a lokacin. Daga nan aka gina gidan yarin na biyu tsakanin 1841 da 1844 a kusurwar titin Russell da La Trobe, kusa da Kotun Koli ta wancan lokacin.[1] An buɗe gidan yarin farko ga fursunoni a 1845, amma an ɗauki kayan aikin a matsayin marasa inganci; tserewa ta faru akai-akai. Gidan ya riga ya cika da mutane a 1850.[2]

Da aka gano zinare a shekarar 1851 (lokacin da Gundumar Port Phillip ta zama sabuwar Masarautar Victoria), da kuma kwararar jama'a, doka da oda suka yi wahala a kula da su. Daga baya, an gina sabon reshe, mai bangon kewaye, tsakanin 1852 da 1854; ginin ya yi amfani da dutse mai launin shuɗi maimakon dutse mai yashi. Tsarin ya dogara ne akan na injiniyan gidan yari na Burtaniya Joshua Jebb, musamman ma zane-zanen Gidan Yarin Pentonville Model da ke Landan (wanda ya dace da ka'idojin gyaran gidajen yari na yanzu a lokacin). An faɗaɗa sabon reshe a tsakanin 1857 da 1859, tare da faɗaɗa bangon iyaka a wannan lokacin. A shekarar 1860, an gina sabon reshe na arewa; wanda ya haɗa da gine-ginen shiga, babban zauren taro da kuma cocin ibada. Tsakanin 1862 da 1864, an gina wani reshe na ɗakin yara ga fursunoni mata a gefen yamma - ainihin kwafin reshe na gabas ne na yanzu (har zuwa wannan lokacin, ba a ajiye fursunoni mata a waje da fursunoni maza ba). A shekara ta 1864, an kammala katangar kewaye, da kuma ginin gaba ɗaya;   wanda ya sanya shi ya zama babban abin alfahari a sararin samaniyar Melbourne.

Bayan kammala ginin, gidan yarin ya mamaye wani babban ginin birni, kuma ya haɗa da wuraren motsa jiki, asibiti a ɗaya daga cikin farfajiyar, coci, gidan wanka da wurin zama na ma'aikata.  An gina gida ga manyan masu gadi a kusurwar titunan Franklin da Russell, kuma an gina gidaje 17 ga masu gadi a kan titin Swanston a shekarar 1860. Abubuwan tarihi da aka gano daga yankin sun nuna cewa har ma masu gadi da iyalansu sun zauna a cikin ganuwar gidan a shekarun 1850 da 1860.

### Aiki

### Zartar da hukuncin kisa

#### Ned Kelly

### Rufewa da sake buɗewa

## Gidan Tarihi

## Manazarta