Hanyoyin gano ƙwayar cuta

**Hanyoyin gano kwayar cuta** a harkar kiwon lafiya, wata hanya ce da ake bi don gano asalin kwayar cuta, ko kuma wani yanayi ne da alamomi ke bayyana yayin da gwaji ya tabbatar. Sau da yawa gane asalin kwayar cuta ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen likitoci.

Abubuwan da ake bukata wajen gano asalin kwayar cuta, sun hadar da tarihi ko abinda ya bayyana na rashin lafiyar majinyacin, da kuma gwaje-gwajen likitoci a kan wanda ake kokarin bawa kulawa.

Hanyoyin gwajin sune; daukar samfuri, wasu lokutan bincike kan gawar mamaci a kanyi la’akari da shi wajen gano asalin kwayar cutar da ta same shi.

Sau da yawa ana kuma fuskantar kalubale saboda mafi yawan alamun cututtuka na wahalar ganewa musamman yadda suke kamanceceniya da wasu.

Misali sauyawar launin fata zuwa ja, yakan iya zama alamar cututtuka da dama, dan haka  kwararru basa iya gane takamaiman matsalar (gwajine kawai zai tabbatar).

## Hanyoyin sune kamar haka

Yawanci idan za’a yi gwajin cututtuka hanyoyin da ake bi sun kunshi:

* Yayin hada bayanan mara lafiya, wanda suka hada da asalin jinya daga bakin yan uwan majinyacin ko kuma na kusa da shi, sannan sai gwaje-gwajen lafiya.

* Shi gwajin, shi ne wanda zai bawa likita sanin makamar inda zai fara gano musabbabin jinyar.

* Nazarin bayanan da aka nemo da sauran sakamakon daban gami da shawarar kwararru a fannin har ma da ta abokan aiki itama abar dubawa ce.

Akwai hanyoyi da dabaru masu yawa wanda za’a iya amfani dasu, kamar yin mabanbantan gwaje-gwaje na zahiri, hanyoyin sanin ya kunshin dabaru masu yawa don a samu sakamakon da ake so.

## Gwajin kwayar cutar Covid-19

Wanda ake zargin ya kamu da kwayar cutar Korona, akan iya gane shi, lura da wasu alamu, duk da cewa ana iya tababtar da gwajin ta hanyar amfani da (rRT-PCR) wani bincike da akayi a Wuhan na kasar Sin, sun bada shawarar na’urar CT itace mafi isarwa akan PCR duk da cewa bata kai ga ainihin ware kamanceceniya ba, kamar yadda a watan maris na 2020, kwalejin Amurka ta daukar hotunan ciwo (American College of Radiology) binciken ya nuna kayan gwajin CT kada a yi amfani da su a matsayin kayan gwajin farko don yin gwajin cutar Covid-19.

## Gwajin numfashi
Hukumar lafiya ta duniya WHO ta wallafa gwaji daban-daban kan sinadarin RNA na jini don gano cutar corona virus Covid-19, a ranar 17 ga watan Janairun 2020, gwajin yana amfani ne da abinda ya bayyana na halin da aka iya gani ta bincike (rRT-PCR). Akanyi gwajin ta hanyoyin numfashi da kuma samfurin jini, wanda sakamakon binciken yana fitowa cikin takaitaccen lokaci. Akanyi amfani da zurfafaffan gwajin da zai shiga tun daga baki har zuwa can ciki sosai wajen gwajin, duk ma za’a iya amfani da gwajin makogwaro.

Dakunan gwaje-gwaje da kamfanoni da suka samar da hanyar gwajin kwayoyin cutar dake da illa a jiki, wanda yake gano cutukan dake bawa jiki matsala.

Wani binciken 6 ga watan afrilun 2020, dukkannin hanyoyin ba a tabbatar da sashihancin amfani da su a wurare da yawa ba, a kasar Amurka gwajin kwayoyin cutar dake da illa a jiki, wanda Cellex an sahalewa dakunan gwaje-gwajen da aka ba su lasisi suyi gwajin a lokacin gaggawa kadai.

Hoton yana nuni da sakamakon (CT) mutanen da cutar suka bayyana a jikinsu  sun hada da cutuka masu samun gabban jiki idan aka gwada da na’urar kwamfuta a gwajin ruwan jiki da hunhu da kuma kirji.

kungiyar masu aikin daukar hoto sassan jiki marasa lafiya ta kasar Italiya, tana harhada sakamakon wadanda aka tabbatar suna dauke da cutar a fadin duniya ta hanyar amfanida rohoton yanar gizo da hukumomi suke wallafawa. Saboda kamanceceniyar yanayin da ake shiga idan aka kamu da cutar adenovirus, hotunan da ba’a samu tabbaci daga PCR na da wuyar madogara wajen gano hakikanin kwayar cutar Covid-19.

Wani babban bincike da aka gudanar a kasar Sin ya bayyana yadda sakamakon gwajin kirji CT ba tare da tabbacin PCR ba, an gano cewa duk da yake daukar hotuna basu cika banbance kwayoyin ba, amma ita ce hanya mafi sauri da kuma sansanowa, wanda hakan ke nuni da cewa zai fi kyawun amfani a yankunan dake fama da annoba domin tantancewa. An kirkiro na’urar kwamfuta masu kaifin basira da ake amfani da su wajen tantance sakonnin hotunan marasa lafiya da aka dauka domin gano cutar a dukkan hanyoyin gwajin da kuma CT.

## Manazarta