Mai lura da haƙƙin ɗan adam

**Masu lura da shari'a** mutane ne, yawanci wakilan hukumomin kare hakkin dan adam, waɗanda ke halartar zanga-zangar jama'a, zanga-zambe da sauran ayyukan inda akwai yiwuwar rikici tsakanin jama'a ko masu fafutuka da 'yan sanda, masu tsaro, ko sauran ma'aikatan tilasta bin doka. Manufar masu lura da shari'a ita ce saka idanu, yin rikodin, da kuma bayar da rahoto game da duk wani hali mara kyau ko mara kyau. Masu lura da shari'a ko haƙƙin ɗan adam suna aiki a matsayin ɓangare na uku mai zaman kansa a cikin rikice-rikice na zanga-zangar farar hula, suna lura da halayyar 'yan sanda don ci gaba da yin lissafi ga ayyukansu. Masu lura da shari'a na iya rubuta rahotanni da suka faru da ke kwatanta tashin hankali da rashin hali na 'yan sanda kuma su tattara rahotanni bayan taron. Amfani da bidiyo da kyamarori, rahotanni na abubuwan da suka faru da masu rikodin sauti sun zama ruwan dare.

## Tarihi
It is thought that the concept of using legal observers first emerged during protests in the 1930s in the East End of London, where police agents provocateur were used during protests by the British Union of Fascists (BUF).&#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup> There were large counter-protests and it was alleged that the police sided with the BUF. Another case of legal observing was that carried out by the Black Panthers in the United States.

Legal observers were used by Liberty (then known as the National Council for Civil Liberties) in Wapping, [[Landan|London]], during the mid-1980s. The Wapping demonstration was in response to large protests by labour unions against the industrial relations policies of media magnate Rupert Murdoch.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;**'&#x5D;

A Amurka, National Lawyers Guild (NLG) tana riƙe da alamun kasuwanci masu rijista don kalmomin "mai lura da shari'a"  kadai, da kuma kalmomin "mai kallo na shari'a " a kan bango mai kore. An kafa shirin takardar shaidar National Lawyers Guild Legal Observer a shekarar 1968 a Birnin New York don mayar da martani ga zanga-zangar da aka yi a Jami'ar Columbia da zanga-zambe na yaki da kare hakkin bil'adama. A wannan shekarar, daliban guild sun shirya don kare mutanen da aka kama a taron Jam'iyyar Democrat a Birnin Chicago. Shirin takardar shaidar mai lura da shari'a na NLG yana buƙatar masu lura da shariʼa su ɗauki horo kuma yana daga cikin cikakken tsarin tallafin shari'a wanda aka tsara don ba mutane damar bayyana ra'ayoyinsu na siyasa yadda ya kamata ba tare da rushewa ko tsangwama daga 'yan sanda ba kuma tare da mafi ƙarancin sakamako daga tsarin shari'a. Masu lura da shari'a suna horar da su kuma suna jagorantar su ta hanyar lauyoyin National Lawyer Guild. Kasancewar masu lura da shari'a na iya zama abin hanawa ga halayyar da ba ta dace da tsarin mulki ba ta hanyar tilasta bin doka yayin zanga-zangar.

L ta yi aiki tare da Ofishin Lauyoyi na Duniya, Cibiyar Shari'a da Dimokuradiyya a Haiti, da Ƙungiyar Lauyoyi ta Duniya don fara masu lura da shari'a a Haiti a lokacin zanga-zangar Ranar Mayu ta 2018.

A wasu ƙasashe, masu lura da shari'a suna da alaƙa da irin waɗannan ƙungiyoyi kamar Liberty (UK), Green da Black Cross (UK), Scottish Community & Activist Legal Project (SCALP) (Scotland), da sauransu. A Ostiraliya a cikin shekarun 1970s, firistoci sun yi aiki a matsayin masu lura da shari'a a lokacin manyan Moratorium Marches da aka yi da Yakin Vietnam . A watan Satumbar 2000, Pt'chang Nonviolent Community Safety Group ta shirya babban ƙungiyar masu lura da shari'a don zanga-zangar S11 a kan Taron Tattalin Arziki na Duniya a Melbourne .  Shekaru goma bayan haka, a lokacin motsi na Occupy, an kafa ƙungiyar masu sa ido kan shari'a, wanda za a ci gaba da kiransa Melbourne Activist Legal Support, yana lura da ayyuka a ko'ina cikin Melbourne. A Sydney, an kafa Shirin Masu Bincike na Shari'a, wanda aka kafa a Cibiyar Shari'a ta Al'umma a Jami'ar Fasaha, Sydney, kuma an sake masa suna Human Rights Monitors, a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2001. Wannan rukuni ya sake fasalin a matsayin Sydney Copwatch a cikin 2009. Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam kamar Amnesty International wani lokacin suna aika masu lura da kare hakkin dan Adam waɗanda ke aiki iri ɗaya ga masu lura da shari'a.

## See also

* Tsaro na 'yan sanda
* Kula da Zabe
* Hakkin 'yan sanda
* Ƙungiyoyin matsa lamba a Ƙasar Ingila
* Shaida (ƙungiya)

## Manazarta