Charles Francis Adams na uku

**Charles Francis Adams na Uku** (2 ga Agusta, 1866 - 10 ga Yuni, 1954) lauya ne kuma ɗan siyasa ɗan Amurka, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Sakataren Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta 44 a Amurka a ƙarƙashin Shugaba Herbert Hoover daga 1929 zuwa 1933. Shi ne kyaftin na *Resolute* wanda ya lashe Kofin Amurka na 1920. 

Adams ya kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Harvard a shekarar 1888 sannan ya kammala Makarantar Lauyoyi ta Harvard a shekarar 1892. Bayan ya zama lauya sannan kuma ɗan kasuwa, an zaɓe shi magajin garin Quincy a shekarar 1896 kuma ba a zaɓe shi ba shekara guda bayan haka. Adams ya auri Frances Lovering a shekarar 1899 kuma sun haifi 'ya'ya biyu. Ya gabatar wa Majalisa a shekarar 1903 cewa a dawo da Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Amurka . An ba shi wannan buri a shekarar 1907 lokacin da suka tara kuɗi don sake buɗe ta ga jama'a. Adams jami'i ne a kamfanoni 43 a wani lokaci, ciki har da Kamfanin Harvard . Daga nan aka naɗa shi Sakataren Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa a shekarar 1929. Ya haɓaka fahimtar jama'a game da rawar da Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ke takawa a harkokin ƙasashen duniya, kuma ya yi aiki tuƙuru don kiyaye ƙarfin jiragen ruwa da inganci a lokacin Babban Mawuyacin Halin Kunci . A shekarar 1930, ya yi nasarar kiyaye ƙa'idar haɗin kan sojojin ruwa na Amurka da Birtaniya yayin da yake aiki a Yarjejeniyar Sojojin Ruwa ta London . Ya yi ritaya daga mukaminsa a shekarar 1933.

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Charles Francis Adams na Uku a ranar 2 ga Agusta, 1866, a Quincy, Massachusetts, ga Frances "Fanny" Cadwalader Crowninshield da John Quincy Adams na Biyu . 

Adams ya kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Harvard a shekarar 1888, inda ya kasance ɗan'uwa ga ƙungiyar Delta Kappa Epsilon (babin Alpha). Daga baya ya kammala karatunsa daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard a shekarar 1892. 

## Sana'a
Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Harvard Law kuma aka shigar da shi cikin lauyoyi a 1893, ya fara zama lauya, sannan ya fara kasuwanci.  Daga 1896 zuwa 1897, Adams ya yi aiki a matsayin magajin garin Quincy, Massachusetts .

A shekarar 1903, yayin da yake shugaban ƙungiyar tarihi ta Massachusetts, Adams ya gabatar wa Majalisar Dokoki cewa a dawo da *kundin tsarin mulkin* jirgin ruwan Amurka mai suna USS sannan a mayar da shi kan aikinsa. Wannan ya sa Majalisa ta ba da izinin a ba da kuɗi don maido da *kundin tsarin mulki* da kuma buɗe ta ga jama'a a shekarar 1907.

A shekarar 1916, 'yan majalisar dokoki da masu zaɓe a Massachusetts sun amince da kiran taron kundin tsarin mulki.  An zaɓi Adams a matsayin wakili na gaba ɗaya don yin aiki a matsayin memba na Babban Taron Tsarin Mulki na Massachusetts na 1917. 

A wani lokaci, ya kasance jami'i a kamfanoni 43, ciki har da bankuna da dama da kuma manyan kamfanoni da yawa na ƙasar kamar New York, New Haven da Hartford Railroad, Union Pacific Railroad,  da Harvard Corporation . 

### Sakataren Rundunar Sojan Ruwa

An naɗa Adams Sakataren Rundunar Sojan Ruwa a ranar 5 ga Maris, 1929, ta hannun Shugaba Herbert Hoover . Ya ƙarfafa fahimtar jama'a game da rawar da Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ke takawa a harkokin ƙasashen duniya, kuma ya yi aiki tuƙuru don kiyaye ƙarfin rundunar ruwa da inganci a lokacin Babban Bala'in Tattalin Arziki . Ya yi aiki a Yarjejeniyar Sojojin Ruwa ta London a shekarar 1930 inda ya yi nasarar kiyaye ƙa'idar haɗin gwiwar sojojin ruwa na Amurka da Birtaniya .  A cikin tarihin rayuwarsa, Hoover ya lura cewa, da ya san Adams a farkon shugabancinsa kamar yadda ya san shi a ƙarshen aikinsa, da ya naɗa Adams Sakataren Harkokin Wajensa.  Adams ya yi ritaya daga mukaminsa a ranar 4 ga Maris, 1933.

Adams ya kasance mai goyon bayan takaitaccen wa'adin shugaban ƙasa, tun kafin a amince da Kwaskwarima ta Ashirin da Biyu ga Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Amurka, kuma ya yi kira da a bukaci Shugabannin su yi watsi da jam'iyyun siyasa kuma bayan sun bar shugabancin, ya kamata a naɗa su tsoffin membobin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka .

### Ayyuka da abubuwan sha'awa
A shekarar 1920, Adams ya zama kyaftin din mai tsaron baya na gasar cin kofin Amurka  kuma ba da daɗewa ba aka san shi da "Dean of American Helmsmen". Bayan rasuwarsa, an shigar da shi cikin gasar cin kofin Amurka a shekarar 1993. A shekarar 1939, ya lashe gasar cin kofin King's, Astor Cup, da Puritan Cup, kofuna uku na jirgin ruwa na cikin gida da aka fi sha'awar a kakar wasa daya. 

A shekarar 1929, ya zama memba na Gundumar Columbia Society of the Sons of the American Revolution . Adadin membobinsa na ƙasa ya kai 48,952.  Shi ma abokin girmamawa ne na Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Amurka . A shekarar 1932, an zaɓe shi a matsayin Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . 

## Rayuwa ta sirri

### Iyali
Ɗan gidan Adams wanda ya samar da shugabanni biyu, Charles Francis Adams na Uku, ɗan John Quincy Adams na Biyu, babban ɗan Charles Francis Adams Sr., jikan shugaban Amurka na shida John Quincy Adams ne, kuma jikan jikan shugaban Amurka na biyu John Adams .  Mahaifiyarsa Fanny Crowninshield jikanyar Sakataren Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Amurka Benjamin Williams Crowninshield ce.  Adams kuma ɗan uwan uku ne na uku da Otis Norcross ya cire sau biyu, Magajin Garin Boston na 19. Dukansu sun fito ne daga kakan kakansu na huɗu, Joseph Adams; Otis daga matarsa ta farko Mary [Chapin], da Charles daga matarsa ta biyu Hannah [Bass]. 

Charles Francis Adams Jr. shine kawu, ba mahaifin Charles Francis Adams na Uku ba, wani zato da ake yawan yi ta hanyar maye gurbin sunaye a jere. Charles F. Adams Jr. yana da 'ya'ya biyar, uku na farko 'ya'ya mata ne, wanda hakan zai iya bayyana dalilin da ya sa ɗan'uwansa John Q. Adams na II ya ɗauki ikon sanya wa ɗansa na fari suna bayan ɗan'uwansa. 'Ya'yan Charles Jr. guda ɗaya tilo (tagwaye) an haife su a shekarar 1875.

A ranar 3 ga Afrilu, 1899,  Adams ya auri Frances Lovering (wanda ya rasu a shekarar 1956),  'yar Wakilin Amurka William C. Lovering (1835–1910),  a Cocin St. John's Episcopal da ke Washington, DC Tare, sun haifi 'ya'ya biyu: 

* Catherine Frances Lovering Adams a shekarar 1902, wadda ta auri Henry Sturgis Morgan, ɗan JP Morgan, Jr. da Jane Norton Grew kuma ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa Morgan Stanley (1935), tare da Harold Stanley, a ranar 26 ga Yuni, 1923.   Tare, sun haifi 'ya'ya maza biyar.
* Charles Francis Adams na Huɗu a shekarar 1910, wanda fitaccen ɗan kasuwa ne kuma shugaban kamfanin Raytheon na farko, an fara aurensa da Margaret [Stockton]. 'Ya'yansu su ne: Abigail Adams, Allison Adams, Charles Francis Adams na Biyar, da Timothy Adams. Ya auri matar da ta biyo baya, wato Mrs. Beatrice D. Penati, wadda take da ɗa mai suna Giannotto Penati. 

Adams ya mutu a ranar 11 ga Yuni, 1954, kuma an binne shi a makabartar Mount Wollaston da ke Quincy, Massachusetts, a ranar 13 ga Yuni, 1954.  Gidansa, wanda darajarsa ta kai dala $192,000 a shekarar 1954, an bar masa gadonsa.

A shekarar 1899, Adams ya gina gidan iyalinsa da kadarori a kan fili a Concord, MA mallakar kawunsa, Charles Francis Adams Jr.  Gidan, wanda aka sani da Mt. Vernon, ya kasance tsawon shekaru 120 har sai da gobara ta lalata shi jim kaɗan bayan Ranar Kirsimeti ta 2019. 

### Daraja
An kafa *Kofin Tunawa da Charles Francis Adams* don tseren jiragen ruwa don tunawa da shi, kuma an keɓe jirgin ruwan yaƙi na USS  don girmama shi.  

## Itacen iyali

### Bangaren uba

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