Tunanin Juyin Juya Halin a Turai

Reflections on the Revolution in Europe: Immigration, Islam, and the West littafi ne na 2009 na Christopher Caldwell game da tasirin ƙaura mai yawa na Musulmai zuwa Turai a karni na 20. 

## Takaitaccen Bayani
*[[New York Times|Jaridar New York Times]]* ta taƙaita Caldwell kamar haka: "Lokacin da al'adun da ba su da tabbas, masu sauƙin fahimta, al'adun [Yuropa] suka haɗu da al'adar da ke da tushe, masu amincewa, kuma masu ƙarfafawa da koyarwar yau da kullun [Islama], gabaɗaya shine na farko wanda ke canzawa don dacewa da na ƙarshe. "

Caldwell ya yi jayayya cewa yawan ƙaura na Musulmai zuwa biranen Turai ya canza al'adun Turai saboda tsananin ƙin musulmi don daidaitawa da al'adun sabbin ƙasashensu. Baƙi Musulmai ba sa inganta al'adun Turai kamar yadda suke maye gurbinsa. Caldwell ya tabbatar da cewa baƙi Musulmai suna haƙuri da cinye biranen Turai, "hanya da titi".

Ya yi la'akari da "mafi girman abin lura" cewa "ta'addanci game da shige da fice na Musulmi a Turai shine wanda nahiyar ba za ta iya samu a bayyane ba, saboda duk wanda ke sukar Islama ana kiransa da shi a matsayin mai tsattsauran ra'ayi na Islama. 'Yan ƙasa na Turai - da shugabanninta, masu zane-zane da kuma, da mahimmanci, masu satirists - suna jin tsoro su yi magana saboda nuna shirye-shiryen da masu tsattsa ra'ayin Islama na yin tashin hankali a kan abokan adawarsu. Akwai, Mista Caldwell ya rubuta, wani nau' 'masu suna tsaye'

Caldwell ya yi hasashen cewa tasirin shige da fice zai bambanta a duk faɗin Turai. Burtaniya ta fi fuskantar tashin hankali da tsattsauran ra'ayi na siyasa. Sweden tana da babbar matsala tare da warewa da rarrabewar baƙi. Spain, wacce ta riga ta sha wahala daga tambayoyin hadin kan kasa, ta fi fuskantar fuskantar fuskantar yawan shige da fice. Turks a Jamus na iya sannu a hankali. A ƙarshe, Faransa za ta ci gaba da fuskantar "matsalar zamantakewa mai ban mamaki" amma al'adun jamhuriya suna ba da kyakkyawan fata don cikakkiyar 'ya'yan baƙi da jikoki.

A cewar The Observer, "Caldwell ya rage hikimar al'ada ta akidar 'mai ƙaura' - ra'ayin cewa yawan ƙaura ba za a iya gujewa ba kuma a kowane hali ana buƙatar allurar matasa a cikin nahiyarmu mai tsufa. Ya nuna, sabanin masu ƙaura, cewa gudummawar shekarun da suka gabata ba a taɓa gani ba. Ya kuma rushe abubuwan tattalin arziki da jin dadin jama'a don yawan ƙaura mai yawa.... Ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan masu farawa a cikin littafin shine cewa yawan mazauna baƙi miliyan 3 da suka tashi a cikin 1971 suka tashi daga miliyan 7.5 a cikin waɗannan mutane miliyan 7 zuwa waɗanda suka kasance a cikin waɗannan shekarun suka kasance a Jamus.

The Observer ya lura, "Caldwell yana cikin mafi kyawunsa yana kwatanta rikice-rikice na al'adu da ilimi na yawancin Turai a lokacin da raƙuman farko na baƙi suka zo. Yana da wahala, ya nuna, don bin dokokin Turai da rungumar dabi'un ta lokacin da Turawa da kansu ke sake rubuta waɗannan ka'idoji da sake kimanta waɗannan dabi'u.... Tunan al'adun ƙasa da hadin kai sun zama abin kunya ga masu sassaucin ra'ayi a kasashe da yawa na Turai.

## Karɓar baƙi
Dwight Garner na The New York Times ya yaba da littafin kamar yadda ba "ya yi fushi ko rashin biyayya ba. Akasin haka, Mista Caldwell, babban edita a Weekly Standard kuma marubuci na Financial Times, ya tattara hujjojinsa da haƙuri, reshe da reshe, kuma galibi tare da haske da ladabi har ma da basira.

Martin Woollacott na *[[The Guardian]]* ya kammala cewa Caldwell "yana da kyau ya yi jayayya cewa shige da fice a kan sikelin da Turai ta fuskanta ya zama gwaji mai haɗari wanda ba mu buƙatar miƙa kanmu ba, kuma wanda sakamakon ƙarshe bai riga ya bayyana ba. Yana da gaskiya cewa muna magana akai-akai game da shi a cikin wauta da rashin gaskiya. Idan littafinsa ya kai ga muhawara mai laushi, zai yi amfani da muhimmiyar manufa.

David Goodhart na The Observer ya yi jayayya cewa "Caldwell ya ɗan wuce gona da iri game da lamarin... Wannan aiki ne mai rikitarwa, mai jayayya kuma ba komai ba ne face yadda yake bi da Islama. A zahiri, littafin da gaske litattafai ne guda biyu - ɗayan bincike ne mai zurfi game da rikice-rikice na Turai game da shige da fice bayan yaƙi; ɗayan kuma jayayya ce mai ban sha'awa game da yiwuwar mamayewar Musulunci a Turai.

Kenan Malik a cikin New Humanist ya yarda cewa "Abin da ya bambanta da Caldwell shine babban yabo da littafinsa ya samu ba kawai daga masu sukar shige da fice ba amma daga masu sassaucin ra'ayi da yawa, amma ya kammala cewa "Tunanin juyin juya hali a Turai an rubuta shi da ƙarfi kuma an yi jayayya sosai. Yana da rikitarwa kuma sau da yawa ba daidai ba ne a cikin tushe da ƙarshe. ... Caldwell ya rikitar da bambancin mutane da bambancin dabi'u. " 

## manazarta