Cibiyar Nazarin Agronomic da Bincike ta Kasa

**Cibiyar Nazarin Aikin Noma da Bincike ta Ƙasa** ( **INERA** ) wata babbar cibiyar ilimi ce da ke Kinshasa, Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyyar Kwango .  Ya ƙware a aikin injiniyan noma, kimiyyar halitta, da kimiyyar ƙasa. Baya ga hedkwatarta a Kinshasa, tana da tashoshin bincike a M'vuazi (Kongo Central), Gandajika (Lomami), Yangambi (Tsopo), Nioka (Ituri), da Mulungu (Kivu ta Kudu). 

An kafa shi a cikin 1926 a matsayin Hukumar des Plantations de la Colonie (REPCO), an canza ta zuwa Cibiyar Nazarin Aikin Noma ta Ƙasa ta Belgian Kongo (INÉAC) a ranar 22 ga Disamba 1933. A ranar 31 ga Disamba 1962, INÉAC ta canza suna zuwa Cibiyar Nazarin Agronomic da Bincike (INERA). Har yanzu a Yangambi, Rikicin Kongo ya kai ga mayar da hedkwatar cibiyar sannu a hankali zuwa Kinshasa, aikin da aka kammala a 1971. INERA a Yangambi ta kasance a matsayin cibiyar bincike da ke da alaƙa da Kinshasa, tare da Ƙirƙiri Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyyar Noma ta Yangambi (IFA-Yangambi) a layi daya.

## Tarihi
An kafa INEAC a matsayin magajin Hukumar des Plantations de la Colonie (REPCO; *Régie des Plantations de la Colonie* ).  Filin gwaji da wuraren bincike na INEAC an gina su ne a gefen arewacin kogin Kongo, kuma a kan hanyar da ta tashi daga arewa daga kogin na kimanin  .  Manufar wannan cibiya ita ce bin tsarin kimiyya mai zurfi game da manufofin noma da sabbin abubuwa, da inganta yaduwar sabbin fasahohin noma da sanin ya kamata a karkashin manoman Kongo. Ƙirƙirar wannan cibiya wani ɓangare ne na babban 'tsarin manoma na asali'. Wannan manufar da nufin zamanantar da aikin noma na asali ta hanyar ba da filaye ga iyalai ɗaya (bayan tsattsauran ra'ayi da nazarin ƙasa) da kuma samar musu da tallafin gwamnati a cikin nau'ikan zaɓaɓɓun iri, shawarwarin noma, takin zamani, da dai sauransu. An haɗa fasahohin noma na asali tare da sababbin binciken kimiyya, da nufin samar da ingantaccen tsarin noma na zamani da haɓaka al'adun gargajiya na gargajiya. 

A cikin 1930s masu bincike a INÉAC sun sami dangantaka tsakanin *tenera*, *dura* da *pisifera* dabino mai .  Hannun mai suna da ƙarancin amfanin gona a kusa da Yangambi idan aka kwatanta da yankunan bakin teku. Wannan ya bayyana saboda ƙarancin yanayin zafi na dare a cikin nahiya, wanda ke da matsakaicin matsakaici a Yangambi kusan  .  Binciken kimiyya da INÉAC ta gudanar ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen inganta samar da roba da dabino don tallafawa yakin yakin duniya na biyu .  An mayar da REPCO zuwa Cibiyar Nazarin Aikin Noma ta Ƙasa ta Belgian Kongo (INÉAC; *Institut national pour l'étude agronomique du Congo belge* ; ko a cikin Yaren mutanen Holland: *National Instituut voor de Landbouwkunde a Belgisch-Congo-NILCO* ) a ranar 22 ga Disamba 1933.

Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, *shirin manoma na 'yan asalin kasar* ya yadu a ko'ina cikin yankunan karkara na kasar Beljiyam Kongo, bisa nasarar (tattalin arziki) na ayyukan matukan jirgi a tsakiyar shekaru talatin. *Cibiyar nazarin aikin gona ta kasar Kongo* ta kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen aiwatar da *shirin shekaru goma na raya tattalin arziki da ci gaban jama'ar kasar Beljiyam* (1950-1959), wanda ci gaban noma na mulkin mallaka ya kasance daya daga cikin ginshikan.  

Ta wannan hanyar, INÉAC ta yi tasiri mai yawa a kan aiwatar da manufofin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki na gwamnatin mulkin mallaka.  A cikin wannan lokacin, cibiyar ta yi nazarin batutuwan da suka shafi aikin gona da yawa, inda ta sami suna a duniya, tare da cibiyoyin bincike 32 a duk faɗin Kongo Belgian da Ruwanda-Urundi .  A shekara ta 1959, sashen binciken kimiyya a Yangambi ya ƙunshi sassan Climatology, Plant physiology, aikin injiniya da injiniyoyi, Zootechnics, Hydrobiology, Agricultural Economics da kuma bambancin kewayon bincike a cikin takamaiman amfanin gona.

*Shirin manoma na asali* an yi shi ne don haɓaka yanayin rayuwa na al'ummomin karkara na gargajiya, amma masu sukar sun bayyana cewa an samar da shirin ne a matsayin mafita ga karuwar ƙarancin ƙasa saboda tsananin noma da rashin isassun sarrafa ƙasa . Koyaya, an tsara *shirin biyan kuɗi* don zama mai sassauƙa kuma aiwatarwa ya bambanta dangane da yankuna da gundumomi. An kuma soki cibiyar da mayar da hankali kan manyan ayyukan noma da aka fi mayar da hankali kan noman amfanin gona da suka dace da kasuwannin ketare. 

Shekaru biyu bayan samun 'yancin kai, a ranar 31 ga Disamba 1962, INÉAC ta canza suna zuwa Cibiyar Nazarin Aikin Noma da Bincike ta Kasa (INERA; *Institut National des Etudes et Recherches Agronomique* ). Har yanzu a Yangambi, Rikicin Kongo ya kai ga mayar da hedkwatar cibiyar sannu a hankali zuwa Kinshasa, aikin da aka kammala a 1971. INERA a Yangambi ta kasance a matsayin cibiyar bincike da ke da alaƙa da Kinshasa, tare da Ƙirƙiri Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyyar Noma ta Yangambi (IFA-Yangambi) a layi daya.

## Sauran Bincike
Cibiyar ta samar da nau'ikan waken soya da dama don amfani da su a sassa daban-daban na kasar.  Iri-iri da suka fara girma sun ba da sama da 1,200&nbsp;kg/ha na waken soya.  Gwajin filin ya nuna cewa allurar rigakafi na iya ƙara yawan amfanin gona da kashi 80% zuwa 300%.  A cikin 1950s masu bincike INÉAC sun gano ayaba 'Yangambi km 5' ( AAA ) kayan zaki . Wannan nau'in iri-iri yana haifar da adadi mai yawa na ƙananan 'ya'yan itace tare da kyakkyawan dandano, yana da amfani har ma a kan ƙasa mara kyau kuma yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka na baƙar fata.  Akwai wasu shaidun da ke nuna cewa wannan shuka na iya samo asali ne daga kudancin Thailand, an gabatar da shi zuwa yankin Kilo-Moto a arewa maso gabashin Kongo sannan aka kawo shi Yangambi kafin yakin duniya na biyu . 

## Shugabanni-directeurs généraux

* 1934-1934: Pierre Ryckmans (an nada shi Gwamna-Janar na Kongo Belgian daga baya a wannan shekarar)
* 1949-1962 Floribert Jurion 

## Nassoshi

## Majiya

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