Ƙungiyar Lauyoyin Duniya

**Ƙungiyar Lauyoyin Duniya** ( **IBA** ), wadda aka kafa a shekara ta 1947, ita ce Ƙungiyar bar association ta ma'aikatan shari'a na duniya, ƙungiyoyin lauyoyi da ma ƙungiyoyin doka. A halin yanzu IBA tana da membobin lauyoyi sama da dubu 80,000 da ƙungiyoyin lauyoyi 190 da ma ƙungiyoyin doka. Hedkwatarta ta a duniya tana a birnin London, Ingila, kuma tana da ofisoshin a biranen Washington, DC, Amurka, Seoul, Koriya ta Kudu da São Paulo, Brazil. 

## Tarihin IBA
Wakilan ƙungiyoyin lauyoyi 34 na ƙasa sun hallara a birnin New York, New York a ranar 17 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 1947 don ƙirƙirar ko assasa ƙungiyar da ake takaita sunan da; IBA-(International Bar Association). Kasancewar tsarin farko ya iyakance ga ƙungiyoyin lauyoyi da ƙungiyoyin doka, amma a cikin shekara ta 1970, an bada dama wa membobin IBA ga kowane lauyoyi. Membobin sana'ar shari'a da suka haɗa da lauyoyi, lauyoyi, lauyoyi, membobin shari'a, lauyoyi na cikin gida, lauyoyin gwamnati, malamai da ɗaliban shari'a sun ƙunshi membobin IBA.

## Dangantaka da sauran kungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa
IBA ta gudanar da matsayi na musamman a gaban babban taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Majalisar Tattalin Arziki da Zamantakewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (ECOSOC) tun daga 1947. A ranar 9 ga watan Oktoba 2012, IBA ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar fahimtar juna tare da Kungiyar Hadin gwiwar Tattalin Arziki da Ci Gaba (OECD). Har ila yau, IBA tayi haɗin gwiwa tare da OECD da Ofishin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Muggan kwayoyi da Laifuka (UNODC) a cikin Dabarun Yaki da Cin Hanci da Rashawa don Sana'ar Shari'a, wani shiri na yaki da cin hanci da rashawa ga lauyoyi. IBA kuma ta haɗu tare da wasu ƙungiyoyi da suka haɗa har da International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) da Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata (IOE).

## Tsarin IBA
IBA ta kasu kashi biyu - Sashen Ayyukan Shari'a (LPD) da Ƙungiyar Jama'a da Muradun Ƙwararru (PPID). Kowace Sashe tana ba da kwamitoci daban-daban da kuma dandalin tattaunawa waɗanda aka keɓe ga takamaiman wuraren aiki. Waɗannan kwamitoci suna fitar da wallafe-wallafe na yau da kullun waɗanda ke mai da hankali kan ayyukan shari'a na ƙasa da ƙasa. 

PPID tana ɗauke da Hukumar Ba da Lamuni (BIC) da Cibiyar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam (IBAHRI). An kafa BIC a cikin 2004 kuma ta ƙunshi wakilai daga ƙungiyoyin lauyoyi da ƙungiyoyin doka a duniya. An kafa IBAHRI a shekarar 1995 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin mai girma, Nelson Mandela.

Babban Daraktan IBA na yanzu shine Mark Ellis.

### Cibiyar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam (IBAHRI)
An kafa Cibiyar Kare Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta Ƙungiyar Lauyoyi ta Duniya (IBAHRI) a cikin shekarar 1995 a ƙarƙashin shugabancin Nelson Mandela. Bayanin manufa na IBAHRI shine "ingantawa, kare da kuma aiwatar da hakkokin bil'adama a ƙarƙashin ingantacciyar doka". IBAHRI na gudanar da ayyuka iri-iri a fagen kare hakkin ɗan Adam da bin doka da oda, musamman ma fannin da ya shafi ƴancin kai na ɓangaren shari’a da haƙƙin shari’a.

## Lambobi da jagoranci kan aikin shari'a
IBA tana ba da lambobi sirri, da jagoranci kan ayyukan shari'a na duniya. Dokokin IBA akan Ɗaukar Hujjoji a Hukuncin Ƙasashen Duniya, waɗanda aka karɓa a cikin 1999 kuma aka sake sabuntawa a cikin 2010, ƙungiyoyi suna amfani da su a cikin sasantawa na kasuwanci na duniya.

Har ila yau, IBA ta fitar da: Jagoran IBA kan rikice-rikice masu sha'awar shiga tsakani na ƙasa da ƙasa, jagororin IBA don tsara sharuddan sasantawa na kasa da kasa, da ka'idojin IBA kan Halayyar Sana'ar Shari'a (2011).

## Ƙungiyoyin ayyuka da ƙungiyoyi masu gudanarwa

* Rukunin Ayyukan Doka
* Rukunin masu sa'ido akan Rikicin Kuɗi
* Rukunin masu sa ido akan Ta'addanci Duniya

## Kyautar Lauyan Mata ta Duniya IBA
Hukumar ta IBA tana da lambar yabo da ake baiwa fitacciyar lauya mace da aka yi la'akari da cewa ta fi cancantar wannan karramawa. Ana bayar da ita a kowace shekara kuma LexisNexis ne ke ɗaukar nauyin shirin bada kyautar. Kyautar ta haɗa da gudummawar dalar Amurka 5,000 ga ƙungiyar agaji don fitar da wanda zai yi nasara.

Waɗanda suka karɓi kyautar a baya sun haɗa da: 

* Helvi Sipilä na Finland a 2001
* Navi Pillay ta Afirka ta Kudu a cikin 2003
* Dianna Kempe ta Bermuda a cikin 2006
* Anne-Marie Hutchinson ta Ingila a 2010
* Olufolake Solanke na Najeriya a 2012
* Tukiya Kankasa-Mabula of Zambia in 2014
* Carol Xueref na Faransa a cikin 2016 
* Eloísa Machado de Almeida na Brazil a cikin 2018

## Shugabannin IBA na baya-bayan nan

*2018&ndash;2019: Horacio Bernardes Neto, 
*2017&ndash;2018: Martin Šolc, CZE
*2015&ndash;2017: David W. Rivkin, USA
*2013&ndash;2014: Michael Reynolds, GBR 
*2011&ndash;2012: Akira Kawamura, JAP
*2009&ndash;2010: Fernando Pelaez-Pier, VEN
*2007&ndash;2008: Fernando Pombo, ESP
*2005&ndash;2006: Francis Neate, GBR
*2003&ndash;2004: Emilio Cardenas,  
*2001&ndash;2002: Dianna Kempe, BER
*1999&ndash;2000: Klaus Böhlhoff, 
*1997&ndash;1998: Desmond Fernando, LKA

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Ƙungiyar Bar Association ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta yanar gizo