Kaija Saariaho

**Kaija Anneli Saariaho** ( [ˈkɑi̯jɑ ˈsɑːriɑho]; née Laakkonen; 14 ga Oktoba 1952 - 2 ga Yuni 2023) ya kasance mawaki ne na Finnish wanda ke zaune a Paris, Faransa . A lokacin aikinta, Saariaho ta sami kwamitoci daga Cibiyar Lincoln don Kronos Quartet da kuma daga IRCAM don Ensemble Intercontemporain, BBC, New York Philharmonic, Salzburg Music Festival, Théâtre du Châtelet a Paris, da Finnish National Opera, da sauransu. A cikin binciken mawaƙa na 2019 da BBC Music Magazine ta yi, Saariaho ya kasance mafi kyawun mawaƙa mai rai.

Saariaho ta yi karatun rubuce-rubuce a Helsinki, Freiburg, da Paris, inda ta zauna tun 1982. Binciken da ta yi a Cibiyar Bincike da Hadin Gizo a cikin Acoustics / Music (IRCAM) ya nuna wani canji a cikin kiɗanta daga tsananin serialism zuwa spectralism. Sau da yawa ana kirkirar kyawawan halaye, polyphonic ta hanyar hada kiɗa da lantarki.

## Rayuwa da aiki
An haifi Saariaho a Helsinki, Finland . Ta buga violin, guitar da piano tun tana girma, kuma ta sami karatun firamare da sakandare a makarantar Steiner.  A jami'a ta fara karatun ta raba lokacinta tsakanin karatun zane-zane a Makarantar Fasaha ta Jami'ar Aalto, Zane da Gine-gine, piano a   da ilimin kiɗa a Jami'ar Helsinki; sannan daga baya ta yi karatun abun da ke ciki a Kwalejin Sibelius a karkashin jagorancin Paavo Heininen .  Bayan ta halarci Darmstadt Summer Courses, ta koma Jamus don yin karatu a Hochschule für Musik Freiburg a karkashin Brian Ferneyhough da Klaus Huber . Ta sami jaddadawar malamai na Freiburg a kan tsananin tsari da tsarin lissafi, tana cewa a cikin wata hira:

A shekara ta 1980, Saariaho ya tafi Darmstadt Summer Courses kuma ya halarci kide-kide na 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na Faransa Tristan Murail da Gérard Grisey .  Jin kiɗa na bakan gizo a karo na farko ya nuna canji mai zurfi a cikin jagorancin fasaha na Saariaho. Wadannan abubuwan da suka faru sun jagoranci shawarar da ta yanke na halartar darussan Kiɗa na kwamfuta waɗanda IRCAM, cibiyar binciken kiɗa ta kwamfuta a Paris, ta David Wessel,  [de; fr], da Marc Battier ke ba da su.

A shekara ta 1982, ta fara aiki a IRCAM tana binciken binciken kwamfuta na sauti-nau'in bayanan mutum da kayan kida daban-daban suka samar. Ta haɓaka dabaru don abun da ke cikin taimakon kwamfuta, ta yi gwaji tare da musique concrète, kuma ta rubuta waƙoƙinta na farko da suka haɗu da wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa tare da kayan lantarki. Ta kuma kirkiro sabbin ayyuka ta amfani da CHANT synthesiser na IRCAM. Kowane ɗayan Jardin Secret trilogy an halicce shi ne tare da amfani da shirye-shiryen kwamfuta. Jardin sirri I (1985), Jardin sirri II (1986), da Nymphea (Jardin sirri III) (1987).  Ayyukanta tare da kayan lantarki an haɓaka su ne tare da haɗin gwiwar Jean-Baptiste Barrière, mawaƙi, mai zane-zane na multimedia, kuma masanin kimiyyar kwamfuta wanda ya jagoranci sashen binciken kiɗa na IRCAM daga 1984 zuwa 1987. Saariaho da Barrière sun yi aure a shekarar 1984. Suna da 'ya'ya biyu.

A Paris, Saariaho ya ci gaba da jaddadawa kan jinkirin sauye-sauye na sauti mai yawa. Kashi na farko, Vers Le Blanc daga 1982, da kuma aikinta na orchestral da tape, *Verblendungen*, dukansu an gina su ne daga sauyawa guda ɗaya: a Vers Le BlanC sauyawa ya fito ne daga ɗayan rukuni zuwa wani, yayin da a Verblendingen, yana daga babbar murya zuwa shiru. *Verblendungen* kuma yana amfani da ra'ayoyi biyu na gani a matsayin tushen sa: bugun burbushin da ke farawa a matsayin alama mai zurfi a kan shafin kuma yana raguwa cikin kowane igiya, da kalmar *Verblendungen* kanta, wanda ke nufin "rashin hankali, yaudara, makanta". 

## Manazarta