Vishnu Sharma

**Vishnu sharma** wani masanin Indiya ne kuma marubuci wanda ya rubuta Panchatantra, tarin tatsuniyoyi.

## Aiki
Panchatantra na ɗaya daga cikin littattafan da ba na addini ba da aka fi fassara a tarihi. An fassara Panchatantra zuwa Farisa ta Tsakiya/Pahlavi a shekara ta 570 Miladiyya ta hannun Borzūya sannan kuma zuwa Larabci a shekara ta 750 CE ta Masanin Farisa Abdullah Ibn al-Muqaffa da malamin Farisa Abdullah Ibn al-Muqaffa ya fassara a matsayin Kalīlah wa Dimnah (Larabci: كليلة و دمن. A Bagadaza, fassarar da Al-Mansur, Halifan Abbasiyawa na biyu ya ba da izini, an yi iƙirarin cewa ya zama "na biyu kawai ga Alƙur'ani a cikin shahara." "Tun a ƙarni na sha ɗaya wannan aikin ya isa Turai, kuma kafin haka 1600 ya wanzu a cikin Girkanci, Latin, Mutanen Espanya, Italiyanci, Jamusanci, Turanci, Tsohon Slavonic, Czech, da kuma watakila wasu harsunan Slavonic. An haɗa shi a cikin aikin Jean de La Fontaine." 

## Labari

Gabatarwa zuwa Panchatantra ya gano Vishnu Sharma a matsayin marubucin aikin. Tun da yake babu wata hujja ta waje mai zaman kanta game da shi, "ba zai yiwu a ce ko shi marubucin tarihi ne...ko kuma shi kansa ya kirkiro adabi". Dangane da bincike na rikice-rikice na Indiya daban-daban da fasalin yanki da dabbobin da aka kwatanta a cikin labarun, masana daban-daban suna ba da shawarar Kashmir ya zama wurin haifuwarsa.

Haka kuma an danganta shi da Jami’ar Taxila.

Gabatarwar ta ba da labarin yadda Vishnu Sharma ya ƙirƙiri Panchatantra. Akwai wani sarki da ake kira Sudarshan wanda ya mulki wata masarauta, wanda babban birninsa birni ne mai suna Mahilaropya (महिलारोप्य), wanda ba a san inda yake a taswirar Indiya ba. Sarki yana da 'ya'ya maza uku, sunansa Bahushakti, Ugrashakti da Anantshakti.Ko da yake shi kansa sarkin masani ne kuma mai mulki, ‘ya’yansa ‘ya’yansa duk sun kasance ‘yan kasala ne. Sai suka ba shi shawarwari masu karo da juna, amma maganar wani mai suna Sumati ta tabbata ga sarki. Ya ce, ilimin kimiyya, siyasa da diflomasiyya fannoni ne marasa iyaka waɗanda suka ɗauki tsawon rayuwa don ƙwarewa a zahiri. Maimakon a koya wa sarakuna nassosi da nassosi, ko ta yaya ya kamata a koya musu hikimar da ke cikin su, kuma babban malami Vishnu Sharma shi ne ya yi hakan.

An gayyaci Vishnu Sharma zuwa kotu, inda sarki ya ba shi tallafin filaye dari idan zai iya koyar da sarakuna Vishnu Sharma ya ki amincewa da kyautar da aka yi masa alkawari, yana mai cewa bai sayar da ilimi don kudi ba, amma ya amince da aikin sanya wa sarakuna hikima kan hanyoyin siyasa da shugabanci a cikin watanni shida Vishnu Sharma ya san cewa ba zai taba iya koyar da waɗannan ɗalibai uku ta hanyar al'ada ba. Dole ne ya yi amfani da hanyar da ba ta dace ba, kuma shine ya ba da labarin tatsuniyoyi na dabbobi dabam-dabam - wani saƙa zuwa wani - wanda ya ba su hikimar da suke bukata don ya gaji mahaifinsu. Daidaita labarun da aka ba da shekaru dubbai a Indiya, panchatantra an haɗa shi cikin wani aiki mai ban sha'awa guda biyar don isar da ainihin diflomasiyya, dangantaka, siyasa da gudanarwa ga sarakuna.. Wadannan jawabai guda biyar - masu taken "Rashin Abokai", "Labawan Abokai", "Na Crows and Owls", "Rashin Riba" da "Rashin hankali" - sun zama Panchatantra, ma'ana biyar (pancha) rubutun (tantra) .

## Manazarta