Benjamin Chavis

**Benjamin Franklin Chavis Jr.** (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1948, a Oxford, North Carolina) ɗan gwagwarmayar Afirka ne, marubuci, ɗan jarida, kuma shugaban yanzu kuma Shugaba na Ƙungiyar Masu Buga Jaridu ta Kasa. Ya yi aiki a matsayin co-shugaba na kasa na kungiyar siyasa No Labels . 

A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, Chavis ya kasance mai kula da matasa kuma mataimakin SCLC ga Martin Luther King Jr., wanda ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ya yi aiki a cikin ƙungiyar kare hakkin bil'adama. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 23, Chavis ya zama sananne a duniya a 1971 a matsayin shugaban Wilmington Ten a Arewacin Carolina, masu fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama waɗanda aka yanke musu hukunci ba bisa ka'ida ba game da ƙonewa. A matsayinsa na mafi tsufa daga cikin goma, Chavis ya sami mafi tsawo na shekaru 34 a cikin kurkuku na NC. An daukaka kara da hukuncin Wilmington Goma kuma an soke su, kuma a cikin 1980 duk goma sun sami 'yanci daga Kotun daukaka kara ta Amurka ta 4th Circuit saboda "rashin halayyar mai gabatar da kara". Chavis ya koma makarantar digiri da kuma filin kare hakkin bil'adama, kuma ya zama mataimakin shugaban Majalisar Ikklisiya ta Kasa a 1988 a Birnin New York.

A shekara ta 1993, kwamitin daraktocin NAACP na kasa ya zabi Benjamin F. Chavis, Jr a matsayin babban darakta da Shugaban na kungiyar kare hakkin bil'adama. Chavis daga baya ya yi aiki a 1995 a matsayin Darakta na Kasa na Miliyan Mutum Maris, da kuma Wanda ya kafa da Shugaba na Taron Jagorancin Afirka na Kasa (NAALS). Tun daga shekara ta 2001, Chavis ya kasance Shugaba da Co-Chairman na Hip-Hop Summit Action Network,   a Birnin New York wanda ya kafa tare da babban dan wasan hip-hop Russell Simmons .

A ranar 24 ga Yuni, 2014, Chavis ya zama shugaban kasa da Shugaba na National Newspaper Publishers Association, kungiyar Afirka ta Afirka wacce ke mai da hankali kan tallafawa da kuma ba da shawara ga masu bugawa na jaridu sama da 230 na kasar.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Benjamin Franklin Chavis Jr. kuma ya girma a Oxford, North Carolina . A shekara ta 1960 yana da shekaru goma sha biyu, Chavis ya zama Ba'amurke na farko da aka ba shi katin ɗakin karatu a ɗakin karatu na jama'a. Ya kammala karatu daga Mary Potter High School a 1965 kuma ya shiga Kwalejin St. Augustine a Raleigh a matsayin sabon shiga. Ya sami digiri na farko a fannin ilmin sunadarai daga Jami'ar North Carolina a Charlotte (1969).

Chavis ya yi aiki a cikin ƙungiyar kare hakkin bil'adama, ya jagoranci tafiya a cikin 1970 zuwa babban birnin jihar don nuna rashin amincewa bayan an wanke fararen mutane uku da kashe Henry D. Marrow a Oxford. Ya kasance jagora na Wilmington Ten, wadanda duk an same su da laifin konewa a lokacin zanga-zangar kare hakkin bil'adama a cikin birni don kawar da wariyar launin fata a makaranta. Mafi tsufa yana da shekaru 24, an yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 34 a kurkuku kuma ya yi shekaru biyu. An daukaka kara kan hukuncin da aka yanke musu. A cikin 1980 kotun daukaka kara ta tarayya ta soke hukuncin, inda ta yi nuni da "rashin halayyar mai gabatar da kara". kuma ta ba da umarnin sabon shari'a. Jihar North Carolina ta yanke shawarar a kan shari'a. Gwamnan Arewacin Carolina Beverly Perdue ya ba da "Gafartawa ta rashin laifi" ga kowane memba na Wilmington 10 a ranar 31 ga Disamba, 2012.

Chavis ya sami Jagoran Allahntakarsa ( *magna cum laude* ) daga Jami'ar Duke (1980) da Doctor of Ministry (DMin.) daga Jami'ar Howard (1981). An shigar da Chavis a cikin shirin PhD a cikin Tiyoloji na Tsare-tsare a matsayin ɗalibin digiri na biyu a Makarantar tauhidin tauhidi na Jami'ar Columbia kuma ya kammala duk buƙatun kwasa-kwasan ilimi a cikin 1984. &#x5B;&#x5D;

## Ayyuka

### 'Yancin jama'a da ayyukan siyasa
A cikin 1963, yayin da yake dalibi a makarantar sakandare, Chavis ya zama mai kula da matasa a Arewacin Carolina ga Martin Luther King Jr. da Kudancin Kudancin Kirista (SCLC). Ya kuma shiga CORE, SNCC da AFSCME . 

### Ayyukan kasuwanci
A matsayinsa na mai ba da shawara na dogon lokaci game da ayyukan kasuwanci ga matasa da 'yan tsiraru, Chavis ya taimaka, ya tuntubi kuma ya jagoranci ayyukan kasuwanci da yawa daga franchising zuwa samar da fim da bugawa.

A cikin 2007 Chavis ya jagoranci H3 Enterprises da HipHopSodaShop, kamfanin hip-hop na farko wanda ba da daɗewa ba ya buɗe shaguna biyu a Tampa da Miami, Florida. Saboda yanayin da ya riga ya kasance, H3 ta rufe shagunan, kuma Chavis ya yi ritaya. Shekara guda bayan haka, Kamfanin H3 ya kai karar Chavis saboda rashin kulawa, duk da haka an cimma matsaya a wannan yanayin bayan da Chavis ya yi shari'a.

Chavis ya kasance shugaban Ilimi Online Services a Fort Lauderdale, har sai da ya yi ritaya don karɓar wasu damar samun ci gaba na sana'a. Ya yi aiki a matsayin babban mai ba da shawara kan dabarun Asusun Ƙarfafawa na Diamond a New York. A watan Yunin 2014, Ƙungiyar Masu Buga Jaridu ta Kasa ta zabi Chavis a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar membobinsu ɗari biyu.

Wani shahararren mai magana da jama'a, Chavis akai-akai yana magana da kungiyoyin ilimi, kasuwanci da marasa riba kuma sanannen mai magana da yawun kafofin watsa labarai na kasa da na duniya ne.

### Kasancewar membobin da suka gabata

* Shugaba kuma wanda ya kafa taron shugabancin Afirka na kasaTaron Jagorancin Afirka na Kasa
* Shugaban Sashin Adalci na Annabci na Majalisar Ikklisiyoyi ta Kasa (NCC) 
* Co-shugaban kwamitin shirya Kudancin don Adalci na Tattalin Arziki / Jama'a
* Shugaban Gidauniyar Angola
* Wanda ya kafa Jam'iyyar Siyasa ta Black mai zaman kanta ta kasa
* Shugaban kwamitin Ofishin Washington a Afirka
* memba na Clinton / Gore Transition Team na Cibiyar Kula da Harkokin Kasa
* Wanda ya kafa kungiyar dalibai ta UNC-Charlotte Black 

## Rayuwa ta mutum
Chavis ya auri marigayi Martha Rivera Chavis kuma shi ne mahaifin yara takwas, uku daga cikinsu daga matarsa ta farko, marigayi Jackie Bullock Chavis. Shi memba ne na Phi Beta Sigma fraternity .  Chavis ya gaya wa mai tambayoyin cewa yana karanta littattafai game da ilmin sunadarai, don jin daɗi.

## Manazarta