George Ayittey

**George BN Ayittey** (13 Oktoba 1945 - 28 Janairu 2022) masanin tattalin arzikin Ghana ne, marubuci, kuma shugaban Gidauniyar Free Africa Foundation a Washington, DC Shi malami ne a Jami'ar Amurka,   kuma ƙwararren masani a Cibiyar Binciken Manufofin Harkokin ƙasashen Waje. 

Ya ba da hujjar cewa "Afrika matalauciya ce saboda ba ta da 'yanci," cewa babban dalilin talaucin Afirka ba shi da yawa sakamakon zalunci da zalunci da turawan mulkin mallaka suke yi, a maimakon haka sakamakon zalunci na zamani na 'yan asali na zamani da manufofin tsarin tsarin gurguzu na tsakiya (socialist central planning policies).  Ya kuma wuce sukan *halin da ake ciki* inda ya bayar da shawarwari na musamman don magance cin zarafi da aka yi a baya da na yanzu; musamman ya yi kira ga gwamnatin dimokuraɗiyya, ta sake duba basussuka, sabunta ababen more rayuwa, tattalin arzikin kasuwa mai 'yanci, da ciniki cikin 'yanci don bunƙasa na ci gaba.

## Rayuwa
Ayittey ya halarci Kwalejin Adisadel don karatun sakandare kuma ya sami digiri na B.Sc. a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Ghana, Legon, MA daga Jami'ar Western Ontario a Kanada, da kuma Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Manitoba. Ya koyar a Kwalejin Jihar Wayne da Jami'ar Bloomsburg ta Pennsylvania. Ya gudanar da Fellowship na ƙasa a Cibiyar Hoover a cikin shekarun 1988–89, sannan ya shiga Gidauniyar Heritage a matsayin Masanin mazaunin Bradley.  Ayittey yayi aiki a kwamitin shawarwari na Students For Liberty kuma ya yi aiki kafada da kafada da Cibiyar sadarwa ta Atlas.

Ya kafa gidauniyar ‘Free Africa Foundation’ a shekarar 1993 don zama mai kawo gyara a Afirka.  A cikin shekarar 2008, *Manufofin Harkokin ƙasashen Waje* sun sanya Ayittey a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin "Masu hankali na Jama'a 100" waɗanda "suna siffanta tenor na zamaninmu." 

## Ra'ayin Siyasa
Ayittey ya yi imanin cewa akwai maɓallai guda uku don samun nasarar kubutar da Afirka daga zalunci:

* Na farko, ya ba da shawarar kafa gamayyar kungiyoyin da suka kunshi ƙananan kungiyoyi na “dattijai” waɗanda ba su da alaka ta siyasa da kuma sanya ido kan ayyukan kungiyoyin adawa daban-daban. Ayittey ya bayyana cewa, "Dole ne su iya kaiwa ga dukkan kungiyoyin adawa."   "Ya kamata majalisar ta kawo dukkan 'yan adawa cikin kawance", wanda zai hana kama-karya yin galaba a kan gasa mai tsanani.
* Na biyu, dole ne ƙasashe su sami iko da ma'aikatan gwamnati, jami'an tsaro, shari'a, cibiyoyin zaɓe, da kuma bankin kasa. Ayittey yana ganin iko da aƙalla ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan albarkatun a matsayin jigon murƙushe mulkin kama-karya a ƙasashen Afirka. A halin yanzu waɗannan kungiyoyi na karkashin ma’aikatan ‘yan kama-karya ne a faɗin Afirka.
* Na uku, kuma a karshe, dole ne al'umma ta yi amfani da tsarin gyara daidai gwargwado.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
'Yar'uwar George Ayittey ita ce 'yar siyasa Sherry Ayittey.    Ayittey ya mutu a ranar 28 ga watan Janairu 2022  kuma an binne shi a ranar 8 ga watan Afrilu 2022.

## Ayyukan da aka buga

* *Cibiyoyin 'Yan Asalin Afirka*, Transnational Publishers,, 1991; 2nd ed. , 2004
* *Tsarin Farfadowar Tattalin Arzikin Ghana*, Africana Publishers, 1997
* *An ci amanar Afirka*, St. Martin's Press, 1992 (Africa Betrayed ta lashe kyautar Mencken na 1992 mafi kyawun littafi.) 
* *Afirka a cikin Hargitsi*, St. Martin's Press, 1998. 
* *Africa Unchained: Tsarin ci gaba*, Palgrave/MacMillan, 2004
* *Kashe Masu Mulki: Yakar Azzalumai a Afirka da Duniya baki ɗaya* da aka wallafa a watan Satumba 2011.
* *Ilimin Tattalin Arziki na Afirka*, Atlas Network, 2018.

## Manazarta