Wanjira Mathai

**Wanjira Mathai** (an haife ta a watan Disamba  shekarata alif 1971).'yar kasar Kenya ce mai fafutukar kare muhalli kuma mai fafutuka. Ita ce mataimakiyar shugaban kasa kuma darektan yanki na Afirka a Cibiyar Albarkatun Duniya, da ke Nairobi, Kenya. A cikin wannan rawar, ta dauki batutuwan duniya da suka hada da sare itatuwa da samar da makamashi. An zabe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin dan Afirka 100 mafi tasiri da *New African Magazine* ta yi a shekarar, 2018 saboda rawar da ta taka a matsayin babbar mai ba da shawara a Cibiyar Albarkatun Duniya da kuma yakin neman zaben da ta yi na dasa bishiyoyi sama da miliyan 30 ta hanyar aikinta a Motsin Green Belt.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi

An haifi Mathai kuma ta girma a Kenya. Mahaifiyarta, Wangari Maathai, 'yar gwagwarmaya ce ta zamantakewa, muhalli da siyasa kuma mace ta farko ta Afirka da ta lashe kyautar Nobel ta zaman lafiya, a shekara ta, 2004.

Mathai dalibi ce a makarantar sakandaren mata ta gidan gwamnati da ke Nairobi. Bayan ta kammala makarantar sakandare ta koma birnin New York don halartar kolejojin Hobart da William Smith inda ta karanci ilmin halitta kuma ta kammala a shekara ta, 1994. Ta samu digirin a fannin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a da kuma fannin harkokin kasuwanci daga Jami'ar Emory. Bayan kammala karatun Mathai ta shiga Cibiyar Carter inda ta yi aiki akan magance cututtuka. Anan ta koyi game da cututtuka da suka shafi al'ummomin Afirka kamar su dracunculiasis, onchocerciasis da *lymphatic filariasis.*

## Bincike da aiki

### Green Belt Movement
Matthai tana aiki a Majalisar Gaba ta Duniya da kuma a kan hukumar Green Belt Movement. Mahaifiyar Wanjira Wangari ce ta kafa Green Belt Movement a shekarar, 1977. Tun asali, Matthai ta yi aiki a matsayin Daraktan Harkokin kasashen Duniya na kungiyar Green Belt Movement daga shekarar, 2002 kuma daga baya ya zama Babban Darakta na kungiyar. A wannan kungiya ta jagoranci shirye-shiryen tara kudade da sa ido kan yadda ake tattara albarkatu, tare da saukaka wayar da kan kasa da kasa. Ta gane cewa mata sun fi maida hankali lokacin da Green Belt Movement ta yi kira ga mutane su taimaka dasa bishiyoyi. Ta ce aikinta na dashen itatuwa, wanda kuma ake kira agroforestry, ya samu kwarin gwiwa daga aikin muhalli na mahaifiyarta. Bayan mahaifiyarta ta sami lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Nobel, Matthai ta raka ta a wani balaguron duniya. Lokacin da mahaifiyarta ta mutu a shekara ta, 2011, ta taimaka wajen jagorantar kulab din a lokacin canji.

### Sauran Kungiyoyi da Tushen

Matthai tana aiki a matsayin babban mai ba da shawara na kungiyoyin Mata masu Kasuwanci a Sabuntawa wanda ke habaka mata a cikin jagorancin makamashi mai sabuntawa a kokarin kawo sabbin abubuwa ga kusan mata miliyan hudu a Gabashin Afirka. Ga Mathai, hadin gwiwar mata da makamashi mai sabuntawa daya ne na karfafa tattalin arziki, da cika da dama daga cikin Manufofin Ci gaba Mai Dorewa. Duk da zamanantar da ake yi a Kenya, har yanzu mata na shafe sa'o'i da yawa a rana suna tattara itace, kuma rabin adadin mace-macen yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 5 na faruwa ne sakamakon gurbacewar iska a gida. Mathai tana aiki a hukumar ba da shawara ta kungiyar Abinci mai Tsabta, kuma shi ma memba ne na Majalisar kasa ta Duniya Babi. Ta kuma yi aiki a Kwamitin Amintattu na Cibiyar Nazarin Gandun daji ta Duniya (CIFOR). Hakanan tana daya daga cikin ƴan masu aikin EQ guda shida. Wadannan masu yin aikin suna neman haɓaka hankali na tunani da tallafawa wasu don ƙirƙirar al'adar kyawu.

Tun daga shekara ta, 2016, Matthai ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Gidauniyar Wangari Maathai. Gidauniyar tana neman ci gaban gadon Wangari Maathai ta hanyar halaka al'adar manufa tare da matasa wadanda ke aiki a matsayin shugabanni. Da aka tambaye ta aikinta da gidauniyar, Matthai ta amsa cewa, “Ba ina zaune a inuwar mahaifiyata ba, ina cikin haskenta..." Gidauniyar tana da abubuwan da suka fi dacewa guda uku: kula da gidan Wangari Muta Maathai, dasa dabarun jagoranci a cikin matasa don habaka kirk noira da karfin gwiwa a lokacin kuruciya (*Wanakesho*), da hadin kai ga matasa. A matsayin misalin bangaskiyarta game da mahimmancin ilimantar da matasa, ita ce shugabar ayyuka na Cibiyar Zaman Lafiya da Muhalli ta Wangari Maathai a Jami'ar Nairobi (WMI). Wannan cibiya tana mai da hankali kan hadaka kyawawan dabi'u da ci gaba mai dorewa. Ilimantar da matasa ta kasance daya daga cikin manufofin Maathai, kuma ta ce, “Ba a haifi ’yan Adam cikin lalaci ba. A wani lokaci wadannan halaye suna halaka ta hanyar al'adun da ke halaka riba ga mutum kan ci gaban gama gari." Ta yi imanin cewa ilmantar da matasa zai ba da damar samar da zaman lafiya da rage cin hanci da rashawa a Kenya, yayin da matasa za su girma su zama shugabanni na gaba. Sau da yawa takan yi magana da wadannan batutuwa, saboda ita ce mai magana mai karfafawa akan batutuwan jagoranci matasa, muhalli, da sauyin yanayi.

Bugu da kari, Matthai tana zaune a kan hukumar Cibiyar Noma ta Duniya (ICRAF) a Kenya. A cikin shekara ta, 2018 an zabi Matthai a matsayin daya daga cikin 100 Mafi Tasirin 'Yan Afirka ta *New African Magazine*, da kuma Manyan Matan Afirka masu Tasirin Jami'ar Shugabancin Afirka.

Tun daga watan Disamba na shekarar, 2019 Matthai ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasa kuma darektan yanki na Afirka a Cibiyar Albarkatun Duniya. A cikin wannan matsayi, Mathai ta shawo kan ministar muhalli ta Kenya Judi Wakhungu da ta himmatu wajen maido da kadada miliyan 12.6 na sare dazuka a Kenya nan da shekarar 2030, bisa ga gadon fafutukar kare muhalli na mahaifiyarta. Wannan wani bangare ne na shirin farfado da shimfidar dazuzzuka na Afirka (AFR100), wanda Mathai ke kula da shi, wani shiri na maido da sama da hekta miliyan 100 na sare itatuwa a Afirka nan da shekarar 2030.

## Manazarta