William Hayes Ackland

**William Hayes Ackland** (an haife shi William H. Acklen, Satumba 6, 1855 - Fabrairu 16, 1940) lauya ne, marubuci, kuma mai tattara zane-zane na Amurka daga Nashville, Tennessee. Ya kuma rayu mafi yawan rayuwarsa nesa da Tennessee, a Washington, DC, da wurare daban-daban na zamantakewa, yana tafiya zuwa Ingila kowace shekara don lokacin zamantakewa. An fara Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Ackland da ke Jami'ar North Carolina Chapel Hill da tarin kayansa. 

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi William Hayes Acklen a ranar 6 ga Satumban shekarar 1855, a Nashville, Tennessee .    Ya canza sunansa na ƙarshe zuwa Ackland a shekarar 1892. 

Shi ɗa ne ga Kanar Joseph Alexander Smith Acklen (1816–1863), lauya daga Alabama wanda ya yi aiki a Yaƙin Mexico da Amurka na 1846–1848, da Adelicia (Hayes) Franklin Acklen (1817–1887). Ta kasance gwauruwa mai kuɗi lokacin da ta auri Kanar Acklen, kuma 'ya'yansu sun amfana da dukiyarta.   Kakansa na wajen uwa, Oliver Bliss Hayes (1783–1858), lauya ne kuma daga baya ministan Presbyterian daga South Hadley, Massachusetts ; yana da alaƙa da Rutherford B. Hayes (1822–1893), wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Amurka daga 1877 zuwa 1881.  Babban ɗan'uwan William, Joseph H. Acklen (1850–1938), ya yi aiki a matsayin Wakilin Amurka daga Louisiana daga 1878 zuwa 1881. 

Acklen ya girma a gidan iyayensa na lokacin bazara, daga baya ya zama mazaunin iyalinsa na dindindin, Belmont Mansion, a Nashville, da kuma gonar mahaifiyarsa da ke Louisiana .  Ya sami digirin farko na fasaha daga Jami'ar Nashville, sannan ya sami digirin farko na shari'a daga Jami'ar Vanderbilt .  Yana ɗaya daga cikin ɗaliban farko a Vanderbilt, waɗanda suka halarci lokacin da aka fara buɗe jami'ar. 

## Sana'a
Bayan kammala karatun lauya, Acklen ya koma Washington, DC, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya a hukumance.  A shekarun 1880, ya kuma yi aiki a fannin aikin jarida a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania . 

Acklen yana cikin ajin masu arziki na zamantakewa, yana ɓatar da mafi yawan lokacinsa yana halartar taron jama'a da bukukuwa a Washington, da kuma a Ormond Beach, Florida ; Lake Mohonk, da York Harbor, Maine .   Yana tafiya zuwa Ingila kowace shekara don lokacinta .   Ya zama sananne a matsayin mutumin kirki kuma memba na manyan al'umma . 

Lokacin da Acklen ya buga littafinsa *mai suna Sterope: The Veiled Pleiad* (1892), an canza sunan mahaifinsa zuwa "Ackland". Ya kuma buga kundin waƙoƙi guda uku da kuma tarihin rayuwa.   

Ackland ya rubuta wasannin kwaikwayo kuma ya kan halarci wasannin kwaikwayo akai-akai.   Ya yi rubutu da tsofaffin marubuta kamar Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807–1882), Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882), Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. (1809–1894), James Russell Lowell (1819–1891), da John Greenleaf Whittier (1807–1892). 

Ackland ya zama muhimmin mai tattara kayan fasaha. [1] [2] Domin kiyaye tarin kayan fasaha nasa, yana son kafa gidan tarihi a harabar jami'ar Kudancin. [2] Amma, Jami'ar Duke da Kwalejin Rollins sun ƙi karɓar gidan tarihi da sunansa. [2] [3] [4] Jami'ar North Carolina da ke Chapel Hill ta amince, kuma an kafa Gidan Tarihi na Ackland a harabar jami'ar.

## Rayuwar mutum da mutuwa
Ackland ya auri Laura Crocker (1871–1931) a ranar 2 ga Yuni, 1896, a Cleveland, Ohio .  Ba su da 'ya'ya kuma sun sake su shekara guda bayan haka.  Ya gaji dala 100,000 daga ɗaya daga cikin 'yan uwansa mata.  A lokacin rasuwarsa, ya bar kadara ta dala 1,350,000 ta Amurka. 

A shekarunsa na ƙarshe, Ackland ya zama jarumin Knight Templar . 

A ƙarshen rayuwarsa, Ackland ya zauna a Ormond, Florida, inda ya mutu a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 1940.  An binne shi a Makabartar Mount Olivet,  amma an ɗauke gawarsa a shekarar 1958 zuwa Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Ackland da ke Jami'ar North Carolina da ke Chapel Hill bisa ga gadonsa, inda har yanzu yake nan. 

## Ayyuka

* William Hayes Ackland, *Sterope: The Veiled Pleiad* (Washington, DC, 1892). 

## Ƙarin karatu

* John Emil Larson, *William Hayes Ackland, 1855–1940* (Chapel Hill, North Carolina: Cibiyar Zane-zane ta Ackland Memorial, 1958).

## Manazarta