Harrison Schmitt

**Harrison Hagan Schmitt** (an haife shi a watan Yuli 3, 1935) ɗan ƙasar Amurka ne masanin ilimin ƙasa, ɗan sama jannati NASA mai ritaya, farfesa a jami'a, tsohon ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga New Mexico, kuma mutumin da ya rayu a baya-bayan nan - kuma mutum kaɗai wanda ba shi da tushe a jirgin sama na soja - ya yi tafiya. wata.

A cikin watan Disamba 1972, a matsayin daya daga cikin ma'aikatan da ke cikin jirgin Apollo 17, Schmitt ya zama memba na farko na kungiyar NASA ta farko da ta fara tashi a sararin samaniya. Kamar yadda Apollo 17 ya kasance na ƙarshe na ayyukan Apollo, shi ma ya zama mutum na goma sha biyu kuma na biyu mafi ƙanƙanta da ya taka ƙafar wata da kuma mutum na biyu zuwa na ƙarshe da zai tashi daga wata (ya hau Module Lunar jim kaɗan kafin kwamanda. Eugene Cernan ). Schmitt kuma ya kasance ƙwararren masanin kimiyya da ya tashi sama da ƙasa maras nauyi kuma ya ziyarci duniyar wata.  Ya kasance mai tasiri a cikin al'ummar masana kimiyyar kasa da ke tallafawa shirin Apollo kuma, kafin ya fara shirye-shiryensa na aikin Apollo, ya kasance daya daga cikin masana kimiyyar da ke horar da 'yan sama jannatin Apollo da aka zaba don ziyartar duniyar wata.

Schmitt ya yi murabus daga NASA a watan Agustan 1975 don tsayawa takara a Majalisar Dattawan Amurka a matsayin memba daga New Mexico. A matsayinsa na dan takarar jam'iyyar Republican a zaben 1976, ya doke dan takarar jam'iyyar Democrat Joseph Montoya . A zaben 1982, dan Democrat Jeff Bingaman ya doke Schmitt 

## Tarihin Rayuwa

### Rayuwar farko da ilimi

An haife shi a Yuli 3, 1935,  a Santa Rita, New Mexico, Schmitt ya girma a cikin garin Silver City kusa,  kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare na Western High School (aji na 1953). Ya sami digiri na BS a fannin ilimin kasa daga Cibiyar Fasaha ta California a 1957  sannan ya kwashe shekara guda yana nazarin ilimin kasa a Jami'ar Oslo a Norway, a matsayin Masanin Fulbright.   Ya samu Ph.D. a fannin ilimin geology daga Jami'ar Harvard a 1964, bisa la'akari da karatun filin da ya yi a Norway. 

## Aikinsa a NASA
Kafin ya shiga NASA a matsayin memba na rukuni na farko na masana kimiyya-'yan sama jannati a watan Yuni 1965,  ya yi aiki a Cibiyar Nazarin Astrogeology ta Amurka a Flagstaff, Arizona,  haɓaka dabarun filin filin da ma'aikatan Apollo za su yi amfani da su. . Bayan zaɓin nasa, Schmitt ya shafe shekararsa ta farko a Air Force UPT yana koyon zama matukin jirgi. Bayan ya koma gawarwakin 'yan sama jannati a Houston, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen horas da ma'aikatan Apollo su zama masu lura da yanayin kasa a lokacin da suke cikin duniyar wata da ƙwararrun ma'aikatan filin sararin samaniya lokacin da suke kan duniyar wata. Bayan kowane aikin saukowa, ya shiga cikin gwaji da kimantawa na samfuran wata da aka dawo da su kuma ya taimaka wa ma'aikatan tare da abubuwan kimiyya na rahotannin manufa

Schmitt ya ɓata lokaci mai yawa don zama ƙware a cikin tsarin CSM da LM . A cikin Maris 1970 ya zama na farko na masana kimiyya-'yan sama jannati da aka sanya a cikin jirgin sama, shiga Richard F. Gordon Jr. (Commander) da Vance Brand (Command Module Pilot) a kan Apollo 15 madadin ma'aikatan. Jujjuyawar jirgin ya sanya waɗannan ukun a layi don tashi a matsayin manyan ma'aikatan jirgin a karo na uku bayan aikin, Apollo 18. Lokacin da aka soke Apollo 18 da Apollo 19 a cikin watan Satumba na 1970, al'ummar masana kimiyyar yanayin duniyar wata da ke goyon bayan Apollo sun ji sosai game da buƙatar saukar da ƙwararren masanin ilimin ƙasa a duniyar wata, wanda ya tilasta wa NASA ta sake sanya Schmitt zuwa sauran jirgin. A sakamakon haka, an sanya Schmitt a cikin Agusta 1971 don tashi a kan manufa ta ƙarshe, Apollo 17, ya maye gurbin Joe Engle a matsayin Lunar Module Pilot. Schmitt ya sauka a kan wata tare da kwamandan Gene Cernan a watan Disamba 1972. 

Schmitt ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya ɗauki hoton Duniya da aka sani da *[[Blue Marble|The Blue Marble]]*, ɗaya daga cikin hotunan hotuna da aka fi rarraba a wanzuwa. 

Yayin da yake kan duniyar wata, Schmitt&nbsp;- kawai masanin ilimin kasa a cikin 'yan sama jannati&nbsp;- tattara samfurin dutsen da aka sanya Troctolite 76535, wanda aka kira "ba tare da shakka mafi kyawun samfurin da aka dawo daga wata ba".  Daga cikin wasu bambance-bambancen, ita ce babbar shaidar da ke nuna cewa wata ya taɓa mallakar filin maganadisu mai aiki.

Yayin da ya koma Module na Lunar kafin Cernan, Schmitt shine mutum na gaba zuwa na ƙarshe da ya yi tafiya a saman wata. Tun mutuwar Cernan a cikin 2017, Schmitt shine mutum na baya-bayan nan da ya yi tafiya akan wata wanda har yanzu yana raye.&#x5B; ** &#x5D; Apollo 17, Schmitt ya taka rawar gani wajen tattara sakamakon geologic na Apollo sannan kuma ya ɗauki aikin shirya Ofishin Shirin Makamashi na NASA. 

## Manazarta