Mbonu Ojike

Mazi **Mbonu Ojike** (c 1914 - Nuwamba 29, 1956) ɗan kishin ƙasa ne kuma ɗan ƙasar Najeriya, marubuci. Ya ci gaba daga mawaƙi, organist, kuma malami a makarantar Anglican don zama ɗalibi a Amurka sannan kuma mai kishin ƙasa da al'adu da tattalin arziki. Ya kasance mataimakin shugaban NCNC na biyu  kuma mataimakin magajin garin Legas a shekarar 1951. An san Ojike da sunan “kauracewa sarki” saboda takensa, ‘kauracewa kaurace wa’. A Amurka, ya shafe shekaru 8 yana shiga cikin neman ilimi da inganta ilimin ƙasashen waje game da Afirka magana ta fuskar Afirka. Bayan dawowarsa, ya inganta tambarin sa na Afirka, ci gaba da cin nau'ikan tufafi, abinci, sutura, addini da raye-rayen Afirka yayin da kuma ya yi imani da zaɓin fa'idodin abubuwan more rayuwa na ƙasashen waje.  Ojike ya saba amfani da kalmar Mazi a madadin Mr.

Daga cikin littattafansa akwai *Afirka tawa* kuma *ina da Ƙasashe Biyu*. Ojike ya kasance ƙwararren mai suka wanda ke da sha'awar kishin ƙasa da tattalin arziki,  a wasu lokuta ya kan yi magana wanda ya sa shi ɗan ƙiyayya.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Ojike ga dangin Mgbeke da Mbonu Emeanlulu a Arondizuogu, mulkin mallaka na Najeriya.  Duk da zanga-zangar mahaifinsa, Ojike ya halarci makarantun Anglican,  ya yi karatun firamare a Makarantar CMS, Arondizuogu. A cikin shekarar 1925, ya kasance malami a makarantar Anglican Central School a Arondizuogu da Abagana. A shekarar 1929, ya shiga Kwalejin Horar da Malamai ta CMS, Awka don horar da malamai, inda ya kammala horo a shekarar 1931. Ba da daɗewa ba Ojike ya sami aiki a makarantar Dennis Memorial Grammar School, Onitsha. A makarantar, ya kasance mawaƙi, mai kula da makarantar sunday kuma organist na makaranta.  A hankali Ojike ya nuna rashin gamsuwa da salon ilimin ɗan mishan yana sukar sa da cewa ba shi da muhimmanci ga ci gaban Afirka da kuma danne al'adun Afirka.  Ba da daɗewa ba, ya bar makarantar kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin wakili na Pilot na Yammacin Afirka. Sakamakon rubuce-rubucen James Aggrey da Azikiwe, Ojike ya yanke shawarar ci gaba da karatu a ƙasashen waje.

A watan Nuwamba 1938, Ojike ya bar Najeriya tare da wasu dalibai 11 don neman ilimi. Ya fara kwaleji a Jami'ar Lincoln (Pennsylvania) kafin ya tafi Jami'ar Illinois a Urbana-Champaign kuma ya kammala karatunsa a Jami'ar Jihar Ohio tare da digiri na farko a fannin Tattalin Arziki. Daga baya Ojike ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimi da gudanarwa. 

## Gwagwarmaya
A Amurka, Ojike ya yi lacca sosai  game da kwarewarsa ta rayuwa a cikin yanayin al'adun Afirka da ra'ayinsa game da 'yan mulkin mallaka da wariyar launin fata. Ya rubuta sake haɗawa zuwa labaran da ke nuna Afirka a cikin mummunan haske  ban da rubuta littattafai biyu da ƙasida kan al'adun Afirka. Littattafansa sun bayyana ayyukan al'adu kuma sun yi watsi da ra'ayi na kasan Afirka.  A cikin Afirka tawa, ya gabatar da jama'ar Amirka ga al'adunsa wani ɓangare a matsayin hanyar inganta dangantakar al'adu tsakanin al'adun biyu. A Amurka, ya rungumi kuma ya koyi tsarin mulkin dimokradiyya. Ya kuma kasance mai kishin al'adu da siyasa, ya ki amincewa da 'yan mulkin mallaka a matsayin illa ga dimokuradiyya da ra'ayin cewa al'ummar Afirka al'ada ce mai wucewa.  Ko da yake ɗan kishin ƙasa na al'adu, Ojike bai yarda da kin amincewa da duk wani nau'i na al'adun Yammacin Turai ba amma ra'ayi na 'al'adar al'ada' inda 'yan Afirka ke aro wasu al'amuran al'adun ƙasashen waje amma har yanzu suna riƙe da ainihin ɗabi'un zamantakewa da siyasa waɗanda ke inganta zaman lafiya, ci gaba da mutunci. 

A cikin shekarar 1941, Ojike, KO Mbadiwe da John Karefa-Smart sun kafa ƙungiyar ɗaliban Afirka na Amurka da Kanada. Daga cikin makasudin kafa kungiyar har da jin daɗin ɗaliban Afirka da kuma fassarar al'adun Afirka ga masu sauraron yammacin duniya.  Ojike kuma memba ne na kungiyoyi biyu na Pan African: Majalisar Amurka ta Ilimin Afirka da Cibiyar Nazarin Fasaha da Bincike ta Afirka. Ojike, Mbadiwe, Orizu, Lawrence Reddick ne suka kafa na ƙarshe.  Makarantar ta ɗauki nauyin raye-rayen raye-raye masu kyau da aka samu tsakanin shekarun 1943 da 1945.  A cikin shekarar 1945, Ojike ya sami damar halartar taron Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya kan Ƙungiyar Duniya a matsayin memba na waɗannan ƙungiyoyi.

Bayan dawowarsa Najeriya, ɗaya daga cikin ra'ayoyinsa na farko shine kafa jami'a bisa tsarin ilimin manyan makarantu na Amurka. Babban dabarar jami’ar ita ce ta tanadi kudade ta hanyar samar da ilimi ga ɗalibai a cikin gida maimakon ɗalibai su kashe kuɗi don samun digiri a wajen kasar. Duk da haka, ra'ayin bai yi nasara ba. Tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948, ya kasance Babban Manaja kuma marubucin Matukin Jirgin Ruwa na Yammacin Afirka, ya rubuta ginshiƙai biyu: "Catechism Catechism" da "Abin da za a Yi Tunani". A cikin shekarar 1948, ya bar matukin jirgin ya fara kasuwanci, Kamfanin Raya Afirka, ya tara jari kuma ya sayi wani mashahurin gidan burodi na Amos Schackleford a da. Bayan mutuwar masu hakar kwal guda 21 a shekarar 1949, Ojike a martanin da ya mayar ya rubuta wani shafi yana kira da a dauki mataki mai karfi a kan hukumomin mulkin mallaka.  An fassara labarin a matsayin fitina kuma an ci tarar Ojike. Har ila yau harbe-harbe ya sa ya kafa wata babbar kungiya mai suna National Emergency Committee tare da Akinola Maja a matsayin shugaba. Kungiyar ta kasance a takaice har tsawon shekara guda kuma muryar kasa ce mai adawa da wariyar launin fata  kafin hamayyar siyasa ta wargaje. Ojike ya kasance mai goyon bayan tsarin mulkin tarayya a Najeriya, a wani babban taron da aka shirya a Ibadan wanda aka shirya na tsara kundin tsarin mulkin Macpherson, Ojike da Eyo Ita, tare da rubuta rahoton marasa rinjaye na sukar tsarin mulkin yankin da kuma gabatar da majalisar sarakuna a maimakon tsarin tarayya wanda ya kunshi jihohi masu kan iyaka da kabilanci da kuma kawar da masu son mulki. 

Ojike ya yi fice a harkokin NCNC musamman a gangamin su. Ya kasance wakilin jama’a da gangamin jama’a kuma “Wakarsa ta ‘Yanci” ta kasance waka da ya shahara a tarukan NCNC. Ya kasance mataimakin shugaban jam’iyyar na kasa na biyu kuma ya tsaya takara kuma ya samu wakilcin Legas a majalisar dokoki. A shekarar 1951 aka nada shi mataimakin magajin garin Legas. A shekarar 1953, Ojike ya shiga harkokin siyasa da ci gaban Gabashin Najeriya lokacin da aka zabe shi a matsayin dan majalisar yankin Gabas. An fara nada shi Ministan Ayyuka na yankin ne a shekarar 1954 kafin ya koma harkar kudi a wannan shekarar. A matsayinsa na minista, ya goyi bayan bullo da harajin Pay as You Earn kuma ya kasance yana da hannu wajen kafa kamfanin hada-hadar kudi na yankin Gabas da gina tituna. Sai dai kuma zargin cin hanci da rashawa ya dabaibaye shi kan sa hannun sa wajen siyan hannun jari a bankin nahiyar Afrika a lokacin da yake rike da muƙamin ministan kuɗi.  Ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa a shekarar 1956. A kotun Foster-Sutton da ke binciken ayyukan kamfanin, Ojike ya jajirce wajen biyayyarsa ga Azikiwe, wanda ya kafa bankin kuma shugaban NCNC musamman idan aka shirya muhawarar ta hanyar ‘yancin tattalin arziki ga jama’a ko kuma fadada mulkin Turawan Yamma. 

## Kauracewa sarki
Ojike ya yi imani da shigo da zaɓaɓɓu da kwaikwayo. Ya so Afirka ta kasance mai 'yanci ta fuskar tattalin arziki da siyasa. Ɗaya daga cikin takensa shine "kauracewa ƙauracewa ƙauracewa",  rage yawan amfani da kayayyakin Yammacin Turai amma saka hannun jari a fannin ilimi da sauran harkokin tattalin arziki.  Ya fi son giyar dabino fiye da gin da ake shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje kuma ya inganta sanya tufafin Afirka a tsakanin manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Ya nuna goyon bayansa ga ɓullo da wata rigar ƙasa ta Afirka tare da tallafawa kaɗe-kaɗe da raye-rayen Afirka, sha'awarsa ga wakokin Afirka ne ya jagoranci kafa kungiyar raye-rayen Afirka ta Duka.

## Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa
Ojike ya auri mata biyu ya haifi ‘ya’ya 5. Ya kasance memba a kungiyar Reformed Ogboni Society. Ojike ya rasu ne a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamba, 1956, a asibitin Parklane Enugu. Washegari aka binne shi.

## Manazarta