Canjin yanayi a Jamhuriyar Ireland

Canjin yanayi na iya samun sakamako da yawa a Ireland. Karin yanayin zafi na iya canza yanayin yanayi, tare da yiwuwar karuwar yanayin zafi, ruwan sama da abubuwan guguwa, tare da tasirin da ke biyo baya ga mutane ta hanyar ambaliyar ruwa  An tantance canjin yanayi ya zama babbar barazana ga Ireland, a cewar shugaban Sojojin Tsaro na Ireland, Mark Mellett.  

## Rashin iskar gas

Rashin iskar gas na Ireland ya karu tsakanin 1990 da 2001 lokacin da suka kai 70.46 Mt carbon dioxide daidai kafin su ragu kowace shekara har zuwa 2014. A cikin 2015 hayaki ya karu da 4.1%, kuma a cikin 2016 ya karu da 3.4% kafin ya kasance mai ɗorewa a cikin 2017 da 2018, kafin ya ragu da 4.5% a cikin 2019 daga matakan 2018. Gabaɗaya, hayaki ya karu da kashi 10.1 cikin ɗari daga 1990 zuwa 2019.

Ofishin Kididdiga na Tsakiya kuma yana tattara da buga bayanai game da hayaki da tasirin kamar yadda aka rubuta a Ireland.

A cikin 2017, Ireland tana da na uku mafi girma a cikin hayakin gas a cikin Tarayyar Turai kuma 51% sama da matsakaicin EU-28 na tan 8.8.  Matsakaicin duniya a cikin 2016 ya kasance tan 4.92.

### Tushen
Kashi 71.4% na hayaki a cikin 2019 ya fito ne daga masana'antun makamashi, sufuri da noma, tare da noma mafi girma a 35.3%. A cikin aikin gona na Irish, manyan iskar gas guda biyu sune methane da nitrous oxide. Kashi 60% na hayakin noma na Irish ya fito ne kai tsaye daga Aikin noma na dabbobi, da farko a sakamakon yisti na methane daga shanu. Ƙarin kashi 30% ya samo asali ne daga ƙasa da aka shayar da turare, taki na roba ko kiwo na dabba a kan makiyaya.

## Tasiri a kan yanayin halitta

### Yanayin zafi da sauye-sauyen yanayi
Tsakanin 1890 da 2008, matsakaicin zafin jiki da aka rubuta a Ireland ya auna karuwar digiri 0.7 na Celsius, tare da karuwar digiri na 0.4 na Celsius tsakanin 1980 da 2008. Sauran alamun yanayin zafi da Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta gano sune goma daga cikin shekaru masu zafi da aka rubuta tun daga 1990, raguwar yawan kwanaki tare da sanyi da kuma gajeren lokacin da sanyi ke faruwa, da kuma karuwar ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a arewa da yammacin kasar. An yi rikodin karuwar lokacin girma, da kuma karuwar dabbobi da suka isa Ireland da ruwan da ke kewaye da ita waɗanda suka dace da yanayin zafi.

Wani binciken da aka yi a shekarar 2020 daga Cibiyar Nazarin Ƙarshen Ƙididdigar Irish ya nuna cewa yanayin Ireland na iya canzawa sosai a shekara ta 2050.  Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na shekara-shekara na iya hawa zuwa 1.6 ° C sama da matakan masana'antu a ƙarƙashin RCP8.5, tare da gabashin Ireland ganin karuwar mafi girma, wanda ke haifar da "tasiri kai tsaye" akan lafiyar jama'a da mutuwa. Binciken ya kuma yi hasashen yawan kwanakin sanyi don raguwa tsakanin 68 da 78 cikin dari, ruwan sama na rani don raguwa har zuwa 17 cikin dari.&nbsp;

A watan Yunin 2023, akwai nau'i na 4 (mai tsanani) na ruwan teku a cikin ruwan Irish, tare da wasu yankuna da ke fuskantar karuwar nau'i 5 (ba tare da matsananciyar) a yanayin zafi ba. A lokacin wannan Yanayin zafi na teku ya kai mafi girma da aka taɓa yin rikodin a cikin ruwan Irish.

### Tsarin halittu
Canjin zafin jiki yana da haɗarin rushewa ko canza lokacin sake zagayowar rayuwa na nau'in shuke-shuke da dabbobi a duk faɗin ƙasar. Misali, lokacin da ganye ke bayyana a cikin zaɓaɓɓun yawan bishiyoyin da ba na asali ba ya zama a hankali tun daga shekarun 1970. Canje-canje ga lokacin abubuwan da suka faru na sake zagayowar rayuwa (phenology) na iya haifar da rashin daidaituwa na lokaci tsakanin jinsuna, saboda ba duk jinsuna da abubuwan da suka shafi Tarihin rayuwa ba ne daidai da zafin jiki. Irin waɗannan canje-canje na iya haifar da rushewar aikin yanayin halittu da aka tsara a baya, wanda ke haifar da canje-canje a cikin nau'in jinsuna da aiki na wasu tsarin halittu.

## Manazarta