Elfriede Kaiser-Nebgen

**Elfriede Kaiser-Nebgen** (11 ga Afrilu 1890 - 22 ga Oktoba 1983) masanin kimiyyar zamantakewar al'umma ce ta Jamus kuma mai fafutukar aiki wanda ke aiki a cikin kungiyoyin kwadago na Kirista (CTU) da makamantansu kungiyoyi. Ta shiga cikin juriya ta Jamus ga Nazism kafin da kuma lokacin yakin duniya na biyu .

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Elfriede Nebgen a Hildesheim, Jamus, kuma an fara karatu a can da Lausanne, Switzerland. Ta horar da ita don zama malama a makarantar da Ursulines ke gudanarwa a Duderstadt . Ayyukanta na farko na koyarwa ya kasance a makarantar 'yan mata na Poland a Poznań . A lokacin yakin duniya na, ta fara aikin zamantakewa a Strasbourg da Metz . 

Ta zama mai sha'awar aikin ƙungiyar kwadago bayan ta sadu da Adam Stegerwald, sannan sakatare-janar na League of Christian Unions (LCU). Ta fara karatun tattalin arziki a Jami'ar Wilhelms ta Westphalian da ke Münster, ta kammala karatu a 1921 tare da rubutun kan hada-hadar kwaminisanci da Katolika.

A wannan fall, Nebgen ya koma Berlin kuma ya fara aiki tare da CTU. Ta yi aiki a kan ayyukan da suka shafi ilimi kuma ta rubuta wa *Babban Jaridar Kungiyar Kwadago ta Kirista ta Jamus* da kuma mujallar German Labor . Tsakanin 1921 da 1923, ta taimaka wajen kafa harsashin ƙungiyar ma'aikatan Kirista ta ƙasa, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa da kafawa da kuma jagorantar Kwamitin Kula da Lafiyar Tsakiya na Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Kirista (wanda daga baya aka sani da Taimako na Ma'aikatan Kiristoci). 

A wannan lokacin, ta haɓaka haɗin gwiwa na dindindin tare da mai fafutukar aiki Jakob Kaiser (1888-1961), wanda a lokacin shine manajan ƙasa na CTU na Jamus ta Yamma. Tare, sun yi kamfen don adawa da barazanar da jam'iyyun kwadago suka kawo a cikin shekarun 1930. Har ma kafin Adolf Hitler ya soke dukkan kungiyoyin kwadago lokacin da Nazis suka zo mulki a 1933, sun nisanta kansu daga kungiyoyin da suka zo da yarjejeniya da sabon tsarin mulki. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, ita da Kaiser sun shiga cikin juriya kuma sun tuntubi kungiyoyin adawa daban-daban, musamman ma da'irar da ke tsakiyar Cologne kuma suna da alaƙa da Carl Goerdeler, tsohon magajin garin Leipzig. Wannan ya sanya Kaiser cikin hulɗa da Claus von Stauffenberg, shugaban makircin 20 ga Yuli a 1944 don kashe Hitler. Kodayake Kaiser bai shiga cikin makircin ba, sanin sa ya sanya shi cikin haɗari, kuma Nebgen da wasu sahabbansa sun ceci rayuwar Kaiser ta hanyar ɓoye shi.

Bayan yakin, Nebgen da farko ya kasance a cikin yankin Soviet na zama kuma ya yi aiki tare da Kaiser kan gina Free German Trade Union Federation (FDGB) da Christian Democratic Union (CDU). Ra'ayoyinsu na hagu sau da yawa suna sanya su a kan manufa tare da shugabannin Soviet, kuma a ƙarshen shekarun 1940 dukansu biyu sun bar yankin Soviet. Daga baya, ta goyi bayan Kaiser a cikin aikinsa na siyasa a Jamus ta Yamma kuma ta kasance mai aiki a cikin Kungiyar Ma'aikatan Demokradiyyar Kirista, wani bangare na CDU.

Nebgen ya auri Kaiser a shekara ta 1953, bayan mutuwar matarsa ta farko; bayan haka, ta sanya sunanta na karshe tare da nasa. A shekara ta 1967 ta wallafa tarihin mijinta, *Jakob Kaiser: Der Widerstandskämpfer* (Jakob Kaiser: Resistance Fighter). Ta mutu a 1983 a Berlin.

## Manazarta