Phoebe Chapple

**Phoebe Chapple** MM MBBS BSc (31 Maris 1879 - 24 Maris 1967) likita ce ta Kudancin Australia, an yi mata ado saboda jaruntakarta a Faransa a lokacin yakin duniya na .

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Phoebe a Adelaide, Kudancin Australia, a ranar 31 ga Maris 1879. Ita ce 'yar ƙarama ta Frederic Chapple da matarsa Elizabeth Sarah Chapple, née Hunter (c. 1845 - 19 Oktoba 1930), wanda ya bar Ingila zuwa Ostiraliya a 1876 don ɗaukar matsayin shugaban Kwalejin Yarima Alfred, makarantar Methodist don yara maza a cikin unguwar gabashin Adelaide.

Phoebe na iya samun karatunta na farko a gida, saboda sunanta bai bayyana a cikin jaridu ba har zuwa 1891, daga lokacin da ta kasance daliba mai cin nasara a Makarantar Ci gaba don 'yan mata, sabuwar ma'aikata da gwamnatin Kudancin Australia ta kafa don shirya' yan mata masu iya shiga Jami'ar Adelaide. Ta yi karatu a shekara ta 1895 kuma ta fara karatun digiri na farko a shekara ta 1896,  kuma an ba ta BSc a shekara ta 1898 .  Ta ci gaba da karatun likitanci, kuma ta cancanci MB da BS a 1904.

## Ayyuka
Ta yi aiki a asibitin Adelaide a matsayin likitan tiyata a cikin 1905, sannan a cikin 1906 da 1907 ta yi aiki tare da Ofishin Jakadancin Sydney, sabis ɗin da Dame Emma Dixson ta kafa kuma mata ke gudanarwa ga mata daga yankunan da suka fi talauci na birnin. Ta koma Adelaide a ƙarshen 1907 kuma ta kafa aiki a 28 North Terrace,  inda har yanzu tana da aiki a 1917.  Ta kuma sami wani irin tsari tare da Kwalejin Yarima Alfred .  Ta shiga cikin shirye-shiryen kasuwanci tare da ƙungiyoyin abokantaka da yawa: Victoria Tent na I. O. Rechabites, da The Federal Benefit Society of South Australia;  Ta gudanar da darussan taimakon farko tare da YWCA da St. John Ambulance Brigade. Ta kasance jami'ar kiwon lafiya a Kudancin Australia (daga 1858 zuwa 1903 da ake kira Kudancin Australiya Mata) a "Norwood House", 48 William Street, Norwood daga 1908 zuwa 1935.

### Yaƙin Duniya na I
Ta so ta ba da gudummawa don yin aiki a cikin Babban Yakin, kuma kamar yadda sojojin Australiya ba su da niyyar daukar mata likitoci, sai ta tashi zuwa Ingila a kan kudin kanta a watan Fabrairun 1917, tana da niyyar shiga Asibitocin Mata na Scotland don Ayyukan Kasashen Waje wanda ya yi kira ga mata 400 da suka cancanta. Tare da W. Taylor da P. Bartels, ta isa a watan Afrilu, kuma nan da nan aka nada ta a matsayin likita tare da Asibitin Sojojin Cambridge a Aldershot, tana kula da sojoji da suka ji rauni. A watan Nuwamba 1917, an nada ta Kyaftin mai daraja a cikin Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC), kuma an haɗa ta da Mataimakin Sojojin Mata (WAAC),  (daga 1918 da aka sani da Sarauniya Mary's Army Auxiliary Corps), wanda ke shirin shiga Faransa, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin na farko da ya tafi.  A ranar 29 ga Mayu 1918, Chapple yana sansanin WAAC kusa da Abbeville yayin wani hari na iska, lokacin da bam ya fashe a kan wani rami da aka rufe da mata suka yi amfani da shi a matsayin mafaka, inda ya kashe takwas kuma ya ji rauni tara, daya ya mutu. Yin aiki a cikin duhu na sa'o'i, Chapple ya shiga cikin ramin da aka rushe yana kula da wadanda suka ji rauni. Don wannan, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Soja, mace ta farko da aka yi mata ado, an gabatar da ita a Fadar Buckingham a watan Yunin 1919. Bayanan da aka bayar don kyautar ya ce:

### Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na I
Ta tsaya takarar zaben zuwa yankin Robe na Majalisar Birnin Adelaide a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1919, a matsayin wakilin Kungiyar Siyasa ta Mata, amma John Stace Rees ya kayar da ita. Amy Louisa Tomkinson ta yi shekaru biyu da suka gabata ta tsaya a wannan unguwar da aka yi da namiji daya da ke aiki tare da irin wannan sakamako (kuma mata biyu sun fi kyau fiye da yadda Frederic Blakeney Shoobridge ya yi a 1921 a kan abokin hamayyar).  A watan Disamba na shekara ta 1919, an nada Chapple da Dokta Harold Rischbieth a matsayin likitoci a sashen asibitin Adelaide.

## Manazarta