Frances Crowe

Frances Crowe (née Hyde ; Maris 15, 1919 - Agusta 27, 2019) [1] ɗan fafutukar neman zaman lafiya ne kuma ɗan ƙasar Amurka daga kwarin Pioneer na Yammacin Massachusetts .

## Rayuwar farko
An haifi Frances Hyde a Carthage, Missouri a ranar 15 ga Maris, 1919. Lokacin da ta girma, ta ga yadda jama'a suka rataye a waje a filin kotun; 'yan kasuwa sun sayar da tikiti zuwa mafi kyawun ra'ayi. Wannan ya haifar da juriya na tsawon rayuwa ga hukuncin kisa. [1] Ta sami digiri daga Kwalejin Stephens a Columbia, Missouri (1939) da Jami'ar Syracuse (1941), kuma ta gudanar da aikin digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Columbia da Sabuwar Makaranta don Binciken Jama'a . Ta auri Thomas Crowe, likita, a 1945 kuma ta haifi 'ya'ya uku.

## Sana'a da gwagwarmaya
Crowe ya yi aiki da Bell Labs a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu . A cikin 1945, bayan harin bam na fararen hula a Dresden, Hiroshima, da Nagasaki, ta zama mai fafutukar neman zaman lafiya . Shigar da ta yi a zanga-zangar da yawa ya kai ga kamawa, an yi masa shari’a, da kuma ɗaure shi. Ta kasance mai aiki a cikin Society of Friends, Kwamitin Sabis na Abokan Amurka (yana gudanar da ofishin gida daga ginshiki na Northampton, Massachusetts gida na shekaru da yawa), da War Resisters League, kuma ya kafa Cibiyar Aminci ta Traprock (wanda aka kafa a Deerfield, Massachusetts ) da Kwamitin Ƙarshen Wariyar launin fata (wanda yake a Springfield, Massachusetts ). A cikin 1960s, ta kafa Northampton, Massachusetts babi na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Duniya don Aminci da 'Yanci, Kwamitin Siyasa na Nukiliya na Sane (yanzu Aminci Action ), da Cibiyar Aminci ta Valley (wanda ke Amherst, Massachusetts ), kuma ta shiga cikin ayyukan Mata Against War da Amnesty International .

A cikin 1967, a lokacin Yaƙin Vietnam, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara, tana ba da shawarwari ga mutane sama da 2,000 game da neman matsayin ƙin yarda da imaninsu a ƙarshen yaƙin. Ta ci gaba da zama mai ba da shawara ga masu ƙin yarda da imaninsu. Da yake bayyana cewa ba za ta iya biyan kudin kisa ba, ta zama mai kin biyan harajin yaki tun farkon yakin Iraki . Har ila yau, ta kasance daya daga cikin jiga-jigan kwamitin Northampton don Dakatar da Yaki a Iraki da kuma Alliance for Peace and Justice, wanda kawancen Yammacin Massachusetts ne wanda ya kunshi mutane da kungiyoyi. An kafa ƙungiyar a cikin Disamba 2009 don amsa kiran da Shugaba Obama ya yi na ƙara sojoji a Afganistan kuma ta fito fili wajen taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta zartar da ƙudurin "Kawo War Mu $$ Gida" a Northampton, Massachusetts da Amherst, Massachusetts.

Crowe ya kasance mai aiki a cikin motsi a kan makamashin nukiliya da kuma makamashi mai aminci a New England tun daga 1970s  kuma yana daya daga cikin mutanen 1414 da aka kama a aikin ginin tashar makamashin nukiliya ta Seabrook a watan Afrilu, 1977 . An kama ta sau da yawa. Kama guda uku: A watan Satumba na 2009, an kama Crowe da wasu mata uku saboda rashin biyayyar jama'a a tashar wutar lantarki ta Vermont Yankee .  An kuma kama ta a Washington DC a zanga-zangar Veterans for Peace a ranar 16 ga Disamba, 2010 (yana da shekaru 91) tare da wasu mata 6 daga Western MA. An kama ta a ranar 15 ga Janairu, 2014 (yar shekara 94) kuma a Gidan Wutar Nukiliya ta Vermont Yankee  Sabon kama ta ya faru ne a ranar 24 ga Yuni, 2017 tana da shekara 98. Ta yi zanga-zangar ne a gina bututun Kinder Morgan ta cikin dajin Massachusetts. 

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Crowe ya zama mai cin ganyayyaki a cikin 1971 bayan karanta *Abincin Frances Moore Lappé don Ƙananan Duniya* .  Ta kasance Quaker . 

## Kyauta
Don sadaukarwarta na tsawon rayuwarta ga Ƙungiyar Aminci da kuma adawarta da ba ta da ƙarfi ga yaƙi ta hanyar juriya na harajin yaƙi da salon rayuwa, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Ƙarfafawar Lantarki May 4, 2007, ta Peace Abbey a Sherborn, Massachusetts . 

Crowe ya kasance mai karɓar kyautar Joe A. Callaway a cikin Disamba 2009. A cikin jawabinta na karba, Crowe ta ce "fahimtar fahimtar ta ta'allaka ne a kasa ba saman." 

## Duba kuma

* Zanga-zangar adawa da makamin nukiliya a Amurka
* Harvey Wasserman
* Jerin sunayen masu fafutukar zaman lafiya

## Manazarta