Přemysl Pitter

**Přemysl Pitter** (21 Yuni 1895 - 15 Fabrairu 1976) ɗan asalin Czech ne, mai zaman lafiya, malami, ma'aikacin zamantakewa kuma mai wa'azin bishara. Ya kafa gidan Milíč a Prague, a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu ya goyi bayan iyalai na Yahudawa kuma bayan karshen yakin ya shirya "Operation Castles" inda shi da abokan aikinsa suka ba da kiwon lafiya da kula da jama'a ga yara daga sansanonin Jamus da kuma wadanda ke sansanonin Czech. Bayan farawar mulkin kwaminisanci an tilasta masa ya yi hijira. Da farko ya yi aiki a Jamus, inda ya ba da tallafi da zamantakewa ga 'yan gudun hijira a sansanin 'yan gudun gudun hijira na Valka kusa da Nuremberg, daga baya ya zauna a Switzerland. Gwamnatin Isra'ila ta ba da sunan Přemysl Pitter mai adalci a tsakanin al'ummai, a cikin 1973 an ba shi lambar yabo ta The Order of Merit Ist Class na Tarayyar Jamus kuma a cikin 1991 Shugaba Václav Havel ya ba Přemysl pitter lambar yabo ta Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, a cikin abin tunawa.

## Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Přemysl Pitter a ranar 21 ga Yuni 1895 a Prague - Smíchov ga Karel Pitter, mai kamfanin bugawa, da matarsa Žofie Pitter (née Hořejší).  'Yan uwansa shida sun mutu tun suna jariri, don haka ya girma a matsayin yaro daya. Ya yi karatu a makarantar buga takardu da kwalejin kasuwanci a Prague; tsakanin 1911 da 1912 ya halarci makarantar bugawa a Leipzig.

Mutuwar mahaifiyarsa a 1911 da mahaifinsa a 1913 sun shafe shi sosai; kamfanin bugawa da ya gaji yana cikin matsalar kudi. A cikin ƙoƙari na warware matsalolinsa, Pitter ya shiga aikin sa kai a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na I.  Kyakkyawan kwarewarsa ta yaki ta shafe shi har tsawon rayuwarsa; ya dawo Kirista mai ibada da mai zaman lafiya. Ya yanke shawarar sadaukar da rayuwarsa don taimakawa wasu.

## Ayyukan jama'a 1920-1938
Bayan yakin ya fara sadaukar da kansa ga ayyukan jama'a da na ilimi. Ya ba da lacca a wurare daban-daban  kuma ya fara shirya ayyukan yara masu haɗari a Prague Žižkov . Ya kuma zama memba na ƙungiyoyi da yawa kamar The Academic YMCA, The War Resisters' International, International Fellowship of Reconciliation (IFOR), Czechoslovak Vegetarian Club, League Against Anti-Semitism ko The League for Human Rights . Tsakanin shekarun 1924 da 1941 ya buga kuma ya shirya mujallar Sbrat dro (Fraternisation). Ya halarci taron kasa da kasa na International Fellowship of Reconciliation a Oberammergau a 1926, inda ya sadu da malamin Olga Fierz: a sauran rayuwarsa Fierz shine abokin tarayya mafi kusa.

## Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu da kuma bayan yaƙin "Operation Castles"
A lokacin da Jamus ta mamaye, Gidan Milíč ya zama cibiyar tallafin sirri ga Iyalan Yahudawa da aka tsananta (Pitter ya ziyarci iyalin Petr Ginz, alal misali ). Gestapo ta yi wa Pitter tambayoyi, da sa'a an sake shi. Nan da nan bayan ƙarshen yaƙin, Pitter ya fara "Operation Castles" (1945 - 1947), mataki don taimakawa yara da ke dawowa daga sansanonin,  da sauransu Yehuda Bacon.  Gidajen Štiřín, Olešovice, Kamenice da Lojovice (kusa da Prague) an canza su zuwa asibitoci. Ba da daɗewa ba aka fadada "Operation Castles" don taimakawa yara na Jamus daga sansanonin fursunoni, ma. A lokacin korar Jamusawa, Pitter ya yi ƙoƙari ya shirya sake haɗuwa da yara tare da iyayensu ko dangi. Binciken yaran da suka ɓace ya dogara ne a ofishin gidan Milíč, wanda ya haɗa kai da ayyukan bincike na Jamus har zuwa 1950. Kimanin yara 810 sun shiga cikin "Operation Castles"  tsakanin 1945 - 1947.

## Manazarta