Zahra Kazemi

**Zahra "Ziba" Kazemi-Ahmadabadi** (Persian; An haife ta 1948- ta mutu 11 ga watan Yulin 2003) ta kasance 'yar jarida mai zaman kanta na Iran-Kanada. Ta sami sananne saboda kama ta a Iran da kuma yanayin da hukumomin Iran suka tsare ta, wanda aka kashe ta. Rahoton binciken gawawwakin Kazemi ya nuna cewa jami'an Iran sun yi mata fyade kuma sun azabtar da ita yayin da take kurkukun Evin, wanda ke cikin babban birnin Tehran.
Kodayake hukumomin Iran sun nace cewa mutuwarta ba ta da gangan kuma ta mutu daga bugun jini yayin da ake tuhumar ta, Shahram Azam, tsohon likitan soja wanda ya yi amfani da ilimin da ya yi game da shari'ar Kazemi don neman mafaka a Kanada a shekara ta 2004, ya bayyana cewa ya bincika jikin Kazemi kuma ya lura cewa ta nuna alamun azabtarwa, gami da karyewar kwanyar, karyewar hanci, alamun fyade, da mummunan rauni na ciki.

Mutuwarta ita ce karo na farko da mutuwar Iran a hannun gwamnati ta ja hankalin manyan kasashen duniya. Saboda 'yan kasa biyu da kuma yanayin mutuwarta, tun daga lokacin ta zama sananniyar kasa da kasa. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2003, 'yan jaridar Kanada don Magana ta kyauta sun girmama Kazemi tare da lambar yabo ta Tara Singh Hayer Memorial don nuna godiya ga ƙarfin hali wajen kare' yancin faɗar albarkacin baki.

## Rayuwa da mutuwa
An haifi Kazemi a Shiraz, dake kasar Iran, kuma ta koma Faransa a 1974 don nazarin adabi da fina-finai a Jami'ar Paris . Tare da ɗanta, Stephan Hachemi, ta yi hijira zuwa Kanada a 1993 kuma ta zauna a Montreal, Quebec, inda daga baya ta sami 'yancin Kanada kuma ta zama ɗan ƙasa biyu. Ta yi aiki a Afirka, Latin Amurka, da Caribbean sannan kuma akai-akai a kasashe daban-daban na Gabas ta Tsakiya, gami da yankunan Palasdinawa, Iraki, da Afghanistan. Ta ziyarci kasashen biyu na ƙarshe kafin da kuma lokacin mamayar Amurka. Nan da nan kafin tafiyarta zuwa Iran, Kazemi ta sake komawa Iraki, ta rubuta aikin Amurka. Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikinta sune rubuce-rubuce na talauci, talauci, tilasta gudun hijira da zalunci, da kuma ƙarfin mata a cikin waɗannan yanayi.

### Kamawa

Tafiya zuwa ƙasar haihuwarta ta amfani da fasfo ta Iran, an ba Kazemi damar shiga Iran don ɗaukar hotuna na yiwuwar zanga-zangar da ake sa ran za ta faru a Tehran a watan Yulin 2003. An gudanar da zanga-zangar kuma an murkushe su yadda ya kamata bayan rana ta shida ta hanyar tura manyan jami'an tsaro da masu tsaron gida, ko kuma "masu sutura". Bayan clampdown, kimanin dalibai 4000 "sun ɓace" kuma an yi tunanin an kama su ne saboda zanga-zangar kuma an kai su kurkukun Evin, gidan tsare fursunonin siyasa na Tehran. Kamar yadda ya saba bayan irin waɗannan abubuwan, dangin waɗanda suka ɓace sun taru a waje da gidan yarin Evin a arewacin Tehran da fatan sanin abin da ya faru da yaransu. A ranar 23 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2003, Kazemi ta tafi kurkuku don daukar hotuna na waɗannan dangin, tana da katin manema labarai da gwamnati ta bayar wanda ta yi tunanin ya ba ta izini ta yin aiki a Tehran, gami da Evin.

A cewar Shirin Ebadi, lauyan Iran kuma tsohon alƙali wanda ya lashe kyautar Nobel ta zaman lafiya a shekara ta 2003 kuma daga baya ya zama babban wakilin dangin Kazemi a shari'ar mutuwar Kazemi, wani ma'aikacin kurkuku ya ga Kazemi yana ɗaukar hotuna kuma ya bukaci ta ba shi kyamararta, yayin da aka haramta daukar hoto a gaban kurkuku.Da yake damuwa cewa jami'ai na iya tayar da iyalan da ta riga ta dauki hotuna, sai ta nuna katin manema labarai kuma ta fallasa fim din ga haske. Mai tsaron ya yi mata ihu da fushi, 'Ban tambaye ka ka ka ka fallasa fim dinka ba, na gaya muku ka ba ni kyamarar ka' 'Za ka iya samun kyamarar,' ta amsa, 'amma fim din na ni ne.' Jami'an 'yan sanda, masu gabatar da kara, da jami'an leken asiri sun tsare ta kuma suka yi mata tambayoyi a cikin kwanaki uku masu zuwa.Ma'aikatan gidan yarin Evin, wanda lauyoyin iyalin Kazemi suka yi la'akari da shi a cikin duka da suka haifar da mutuwar Kazemi, sun ce ta kasance a cikin wani yanki mai rikitarwa, tana daukar hotunan sassan gidan yarin. Kwanaki da yawa bayan kama ta, jaridu masu tsananin layi sun buga labarai "suna kiranta ɗan leƙen asiri wanda ya shiga ƙasar a ɓoye a matsayin ɗan jarida".

Kazemi ta nace cewa ba ta dauki hoton wani bangare na kurkuku ba, kawai titin da masu zanga-zangar, wadanda suka kasance dangin daliban masu fafutuka da aka daure a kurkuku.

### Mutuwa
A ranar 11 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2003, kwanaki goma sha tara bayan an kama ta, Kazemi ta mutu a hannun Iran a asibitin Sojojin Baghiyyatollah al-Azam . Kwanaki biyu bayan haka, kamfanin dillancin labarai na IRNA na Iran ya ba da rahoton cewa Kazemi ta yi wa bugun jini yayin da ake tuhumar ta kuma ta mutu a asibiti. Wannan labarin ya canza zuwa wanda Kazemi ya mutu bayan ya fadi kuma ya buga kansa. A ranar 16 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2003, mataimakin shugaban kasar Iran, Mohammad Ali Abtahi, "ya yarda cewa Kazemi ya mutu sakamakon bugawa". Mohammad Ali Abtahi (Mataimakin Shugaban Harkokin Shari'a) da Masoud Pezeshkian (Ministan Lafiya da Ilimi na Kiwon Lafiya) sun yarda cewa ta mutu ne daga karyewar kwanyar sakamakon bugawa a kai. Abtahi ya yi iƙirarin cewa yana ƙarƙashin matsin lamba don dawo da amincewar, amma ya yi tsayayya da shi.

Shirin Ebadi ta ba da rahoton cewa jami'an tsaro sun bincika gidan wani aboki wanda ba a san sunansa ba wanda Kazemi ke zaune a ciki kuma "ya ci gaba da tambayar" abokinta game da "'yanayin likita" na Kazemi da kuma waɗanne magunguna da take shan kowace rana". Jami'ai sun kuma hana tsohuwar mahaifiyar Kazemi, mai rauni, wacce ta yi tafiya daga Shiraz don ganin ɗanta kaɗai, daga ganin Kazemi har sai sun tambaye ta game da magungunan da suka nace cewa dole ne 'yarta ta yi amfani da su. Abokin Kazemi ya gaya wa Ebadi cewa daga baya ta fahimci wannan yana nufin Kazemi ya mutu, kuma jami'an "suna so su yi iƙirarin cewa Ziba yana da yanayin da ya riga ya kara muni a kurkuku".

Labarin bai zama babbar gardama ba har sai kusan shekaru biyu bayan haka, lokacin da Shahram Azam, tsohon likitan ma'aikatar tsaro ta Iran, ya fitar da wata sanarwa cewa ya bincika Kazemi a asibiti kwana hudu bayan kama ta kuma ya sami alamun azabtarwa, ciki har da:
* Shaidar fyade mai tsanani
* Kashewar kwanyar, yatsunsu biyu da suka karye, yatsun da suka ɓace, babban yatsan da aka murkushe, da hanci da ya karye.
* Rashin rauni mai tsanani a cikin ciki, kumburi a bayan kai, da kuma kafada mai rauni.
* Rashin zurfi a wuyan da kuma shaidar bulala a kan kafafu.
Daya daga cikin jami'an leken asiri na Iran guda biyu da ake tuhumar mutuwarta an wanke ta a watan Satumbar shekara ta 2003. Sauran wakilin, Mohammed Reza Aghdam-Ahmadi (محمدرضام احمدی), an tuhume shi da "kisan kai da gangan" kuma an fara shari'arsa a Tehran a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2003. A cikin wannan watan, majalisar dokokin Iran ta yi Allah wadai da Saeed Mortazavi, mai gabatar da kara na Tehran, saboda sanar da cewa Kazemi ya mutu daga bugun jini. A ranar 25 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2004, an wanke Aghdam-Ahmadi.

## Duba kuma

* Kashe Mahsa Amini
* 'Yancin Dan Adam a Iran
* Jerin shahararrun matan Farisa
* Jerin 'yan kasashen waje da aka tsare a Iran
* Zahra Bani Yaghoub

## Manazarta

## Haɗin waje

* Labarin labarai na CBC Montreal 
* Labarin Labaran BBC
* Binciken BBC News game da shari'ar
* Kabari a Iran
* BBC This World, Iran: Asirin Kisan kai, wanda aka watsa a Burtaniya a ranar 15 ga Fabrairu, 2004
*  Reports of the 17 July 2004 trial session in Vaghaye and Shargh , newspapers
* Labarin  Zahra Kazemi. na Khosro Naghed (Persian)
* 'Yan jaridar Kanada don Magana ta 'Yanci suna buƙatar Aiki 
* Ƙungiyoyin Magana ta 'Yanci suna kira ga Adalci - IFEX
* CBC: Tarihi a kan Kazemi
* Shugaba da aka nada mai gabatar da kara Mortazavi ya kashe Zahra Kazemi 
* WWF: Labaran Zahra Kazemi