Polina Zherebtsova

**Polina Zherebtsova**   

An haife ta ne a cikin wata iyali mai kabilu daban-daban a Grozny, Jamhuriyar Chechen-Ingush mai cin gashin kanta, Tarayyar Soviet . A shekarar 2002, ta fara aiki a matsayin 'yar jarida. Ita memba ce a PEN International da kuma Ƙungiyar 'Yan Jarida ta Rasha. An ba ta kyautar ƙasa da ƙasa ta Janusz Korczak a Urushalima a cikin rukuni biyu (labarai da rubuce-rubuce na tarihi). A shekarar 2012, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Andrei Sakharov  "Don Aikin Jarida a Matsayin Dokar Lamiri". A shekarar 2013, ta sami mafakar siyasa a Finland. 

Marubucin Rahoton Laifukan Yaƙi a Chechnya a 1994–2004. **ru.**  **eng** . 

An haifi Polina a Grozny, Tarayyar Soviet, kuma ta fara rubuta tarihin rayuwarta na farko a ranar 25 ga Maris 1994, kwanaki bayan cika shekaru tara, a farkon Yaƙin Chechen na Farko . Har yanzu tana zaune a Grozny lokacin da Yaƙin Chechen na Biyu ya fara. A ranar 21 ga Oktoba 1999, an yi ruwan bama-bamai a kasuwar Grozny inda take taimaka wa mahaifiyarta wajen sayar da jaridu, kuma Polina ta ji rauni kaɗan.Politkovskaya ta bayyana yaƙi a matsayin 'yar jarida daga waje. Polina Zherebtsova ta rubuta game da yaƙi daga cikin zuciyar duhu. Der Spiegel №10 /2015. ''Tururuwa a cikin kwalbar gilashi. An fassara littattafan tarihin Chechen na 1994–2004'' zuwa harsunan Ukrainian, Slovenian, Faransanci, Lithuania, Finnish, Jamusanci, Georgian, da Chechen .

Polina Zherebtsova ta yi hira da BBC, jaridar The Guardian, Reuters, ta halarci bukukuwan adabi a duk faɗin duniya.

Kullum tana bayar da haƙƙin buga littattafai don fassara dukkan littattafanta ita kaɗai, ba tare da amfani da ayyukan wakilan adabi ba.

## Tarihin Rayuwa
Ta fito daga dangin Chechen da Ukraine. Tana kiran kanta 'yar asalin ƙasar.

Mahaifin Polina lauya ne, wanda ya mutu lokacin da Polina take ƙarama. Mahaifiyarta, Elena, tana aiki a matsayin babbar manajan kaya a wani babban kamfani. Ta sadaukar da lokacin hutunta ga ilimin 'yarta. Polina ta girma a cikin iyali da ke girmama littattafai kamar Attaura, Littafi Mai Tsarki da Alƙur'ani . Tun tana ƙarama, ta yi karatun addini, tarihi, da falsafa.

An haifi Polina Zherebtsova a shekarar 1985 a Grozny kuma ta zauna a can kusan shekaru ashirin. Tana ɗaukar kanta a matsayin ƙwararriyar 'yar kasuwa domin tana da zuri'a daban-daban. Mahaifin Polina ya mutu tun tana ƙarama. Kakan Polina na wajen uwa Zherebtsov Anatoly Pavlovich, wanda suka ƙulla abota da shi, ya yi aiki a Grozny fiye da shekaru 25 a matsayin ɗan jaridar talabijin-mai ɗaukar hoto. Kakar Polina ta wajen uwa ƙwararriyar mai fasaha ce. Kakan uba ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma mawaƙi. Kakar Polina ta wajen uba ƙwararriyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce.

A ranar 25 ga Maris 1994, Polina ta fara rubutu a cikin littafin tarihin rayuwarta inda ta rubuta abin da ke faruwa a kusa da ita. Littafin tarihin rayuwarta ya ƙunshi yarinta, ƙuruciyarta da ƙuruciyarta waɗanda suka shaida yaƙe-yaƙe uku na Chechen. Makaranta, soyayyar farko, jayayya da iyaye, abin da ya saba da kowane matashi, gefe da gefe a rayuwar Polina tare da harin bam, yunwa, ɓarna da talauci. A ranar 21 ga Oktoba 1999 ta ji rauni sakamakon fashewar tarkace a Kasuwar Grozny Central.

Tun daga shekarar 2002, ta fara aiki a matsayin 'yar jarida. A tsakanin 2003 zuwa 2004, ta yi karatu a Makarantar 'Yan Jarida.

A shekara ta 2004, an kammala littafin tarihin rayuwar Chechnya lokacin da marubucin yana da shekaru 19.

A shekarar 2006, an ba ta kyautar Janusz Korczak ta duniya a birnin Kudus a fannoni biyu (labarai da kuma rubutun shirin gaskiya). Jigon gasar shi ne "ta'addanci da yara."

Tun daga shekarar 2007, ta kasance memba a ƙungiyar 'yan jarida ta Rasha.

A shekarar 2010, ta kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Stavropol North Caucasus tare da digiri a fannin Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam.

A shekarar 2011, an buga "Polina Zherebtsova's Journal: Chechnya 1999-2002".

Tun daga shekarar 2012, ta kasance memba na PEN International.

A shekarar 2012, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda aka zaɓa don lambar yabo ta Andrei Sakharov Freedom Award ; lambar yabo mai taken "Don Aikin Jarida a Matsayin Dokar Lamiri".

A shekarar 2013, ta sami mafakar siyasa a Finland. 

A shekarar 2014, an buga "Tant in a Glass Jar".

## Yaƙin Chechen na Farko
Yaƙin neman zaɓe na farko ya fara ne a shekarar 1994. Polina ta fara rubuta tarihin rayuwarta na farko a ranar 25 ga Maris 1994 tana da shekaru tara. A farkon yaƙin, an kashe kakan Zherebtsova, Anatoly, da harsasai daga jiragen sama. Zherebtsova ta yi rubuce-rubuce na farko masu mahimmanci a cikin littafin tarihin rayuwarta a wannan lokacin. Ta ajiye littafin tarihin rayuwarta a ɓoye, kuma ta rubuta game da lokutan barkwanci da baƙin ciki a rayuwar maƙwabta da abokanta.  Saboda sunan mahaifinta na Rasha da rikicin ƙasa, Polina ta fuskanci cin zarafi akai-akai a makaranta.

## Yaƙin Chechen na Biyu

## Manazarta