Fanka

**Fanka:** wata Na'ura ce, wacce take bada iska ta hanyar amfani da maganaɗisu imma dai na wutan-lantarki (electricity) Ko na hasken-rana wato (solar system).

## Tarihi
An yi amfani da fanka (aka fan) a Indiya a kusan 500 KZ. Fannonin hannu ne wanda aka yi daga bamboo tube ko wasu fiber na shuka, wanda za'a iya jujjuyawa ko fantsama don motsa iska. A lokacin mulkin Biritaniya, kalmar Anglo-Indiyawa ta fara amfani da ita da nufin wani babban fanfo mai lilo, wanda aka kafa a saman rufi kuma wani bawa mai suna punkawallah ya ja.

Don dalilai na kwandishan, masanin daular Han kuma injiniya Ding Huan (a shekara ta 180 AZ) ya ƙirƙira injin jujjuyawar da hannu mai ƙafa bakwai wanda ya auna mita 3 (10 ft) a diamita; a cikin karni na 8, lokacin daular Tang (618-907), Sinawa sun yi amfani da wutar lantarki don jujjuya ƙafafun fanfo don sanyaya iska, yayin da injin rotary ya zama ruwan dare a lokacin daular Song (960-1279).

A cikin karni na 17, gwaje-gwajen masana kimiyya ciki har da Otto von Guericke, Robert Hooke, da Robert Boyle, sun kafa ainihin ka'idodin vacuum da iska. Masanin gine-ginen Ingila Sir Christopher Wren ya yi amfani da tsarin iskar iska da wuri a cikin Majalisun Dokoki da ke amfani da bello don yaɗa iska. Zane na Wren zai zama mai haɓakawa da haɓakawa da yawa daga baya. Masoyan rotary na farko da aka yi amfani da su a Turai shine don samun iska a cikin karni na 16, kamar yadda Georg Agricola (1494-1555) ya kwatanta.

John Theophilus Desaguliers, injiniyan dan Burtaniya, ya nuna nasarar yin amfani da tsarin fanfo don fitar da iska daga ma'adinan kwal a shekara ta 1727 kuma ba da jimawa ba ya shigar da irin wannan na'ura a majalisar. Kyakkyawan samun iska yana da mahimmanci musamman a mahakar ma'adinan kwal don rage masu fama da asphyxiation. Injiniyan farar hula John Smeaton, kuma daga baya John Buddle ya shigar da famfunan iska a cikin ma'adanai a Arewacin Ingila. Koyaya, wannan tsari bai yi kyau ba kamar yadda injinan ke da alhakin rushewa.

**<big>Steam</big>**

A cikin 1849 an yi wani fanti mai tuƙi mai nisan mita 6, wanda William Brunton ya tsara, ya fara aiki a Gelly Gaer Colliery na South Wales. An baje kolin samfurin a babban baje kolin na 1851. Haka kuma a shekara ta 1851 David Boswell Reid, wani likita dan kasar Scotland, ya sanya magoya baya guda hudu masu amfani da tururi a rufin Asibitin St George's da ke Liverpool, ta yadda matsin lambar da magoya bayan suka yi zai tilasta masu shigowa. iska zuwa sama da kuma ta matsuguni a cikin rufi. James Nasmyth, Bafaranshe Theophile Guibal, da J.R. Waddle ne suka inganta fasahar.

**<big>Electrical</big>**

Tsakanin 1882 zuwa 1886 Schuyler Wheeler ya ƙirƙira fanka mai amfani da wutar lantarki. Wani kamfani na Amurka Crocker & Curtis Electric Motor Company ne ya tallata shi. A cikin 1885 wani fanin lantarki kai tsaye na tebur yana samun kasuwa ta Stout, Meadowcraft & Co. a New York.

A shekara ta 1882, Philip Diehl ya ƙirƙira fanni na farko da ke hawa saman rufin lantarki a duniya. A cikin wannan matsanancin lokaci na ƙirƙira, magoya bayan giya, mai, ko kananzir sun zama ruwan dare gama gari a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20. A shekara ta 1909, KDK na Japan ya fara ƙirƙira na'urorin lantarki da ake samarwa da yawa don amfanin gida. A cikin 1920s, ci gaban masana'antu ya ba da izinin samar da magoya bayan karfe a cikin nau'i-nau'i daban-daban, yana kawo farashin fan saukar da ƙyale masu gidaje masu yawa don samun su. A cikin 1930s, Emerson ne ya ƙera ƙwararren kayan ado na farko ("Silver Swan").A cikin 1940s, Crompton Greaves na Indiya ya zama mafi girma a duniya na masana'antar silin lantarki na musamman don siyarwa a Indiya, Asiya, da Gabas ta Tsakiya. A cikin shekarun 1950, tebur da masu sha'awar tsayawa an ƙera su cikin launuka masu haske da ɗaukar ido.

Window da kwandishan na tsakiya a cikin 1960s ya sa kamfanoni da yawa dakatar da samar da fanfo,  amma a tsakiyar shekarun 1970, tare da karuwar wayar da kan farashin wutar lantarki da yawan makamashin da ake amfani da su don zafi da sanyaya gidaje, juya. Magoya bayan rufin zamani masu salo na ƙarni sun sake zama sananne sosai a matsayin rukunin kayan ado da ingantaccen ƙarfi.

A cikin 1998 William Fairbank da Walter K. Boyd sun ƙirƙira babban fan ɗin silin mai ƙaramin girma (HVLS), wanda aka ƙera don rage yawan kuzari ta hanyar amfani da dogayen ruwan fanfo suna juyawa cikin ƙaramin sauri don matsar da iskar da yawa.

## '''Ire-iren fanka'''
Akwai fanka kala-kala kamar; 
*Ta sama (ceilling fan) wannan itace mafi yawan fanka wacce ake amfani da ita agidaje musamman birane domin tana amfanine da wutan-lantarki kuma ana rataye tane a silin wato saman daki.
*Sai ta teburi (table fan) wannan ita ana ajiye tane akan teburi ko akasa gwargwadon yadda kake bukatar ta domin zamani ya kawo sauki yanzu haka anyi me chargi ga gudu domin aja hankalin mai siya. 
*Sai tower fan itamadai ana ajiyetane akasa saboda tanada tsawo kuma tana matukar bada iska ako ina acikin daki kusurwa zuwa kusurwa tanada na'urar sarrafawa (remote control). Takan huro iska daga cikinta zuwa waje me matukar sanyi domin sanyayawa.
*Sai tsayayya (pedestal fan) itama kamar  tower tanada remote control wanda zaibaka daman sarrafata yanda kake bukata kuma takan bada iska gaya kwarai.
*Exhaust fan fankace wacce ake amfani da ita wajen kayata bayin wanka. Ana amfani da itane domin tsane jiki idan mutum ya yi wanka ya tsane jikinsa.
* Wall mounted fan itace wacce ake sakawa ajikin bango saboda akan samu saman dakin mutun yayi sama ko kasa sosai to itace zabi na daidai ga kakan wannan matsalan.
*Misting fan tana amfanine wajen fitar da tsananin zafi musanman agu mai cunkoso ko taron jama'a domin tanada karfi sosai tayadda zata iya fitar da shi kuma tasamarda wani sabon iskan.
*Ta kasa (Floor fan) akanyi amfani da itane waje sanyaya iska adaki tanada kokari wajen samarda ingantaccen iska ga maigida.

*Akwai wacce ake cewa industrial fan wannan industrial fan anasatane ama'aikata wadanda suke a manyan injina domin sanyayasu kuma yanada matukar shan gas. Akwai hand fan itace ake sakawa ajakka wacce take anfani DA chaji , 'yar karamace madaidaiciya kuma tana bada iska sosai.
*Ta tsaye (standing fan) akwai ta sama
*kuma kafin wanan fankokin zamani da can baya mafeci ne ake amfani dashi ana fiffi tawa da hannu.

## Manazarta