Yawon Buɗe Ido a Somaliya

Ma'aikatar yawon bude ido ta gwamnatin tarayyar Somaliya ce ke kula da harkokin yawon bude ido **a** Somaliya. An lura da masana'antar bisa ga al'ada don wuraren tarihi da yawa, rairayin bakin teku, magudanan ruwa, tsaunuka da wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa. Bayan fara yakin basasa a farkon shekarun 1990, ma'aikatar yawon bude ido ta rufe ayyuka. An sake kafa shi a cikin shekarar 2000s, kuma yana sake kula da masana'antar yawon bude ido ta kasa. Ƙungiyar yawon buɗe ido ta Somaliya (SOMTA) da ke Mogadishu tana ba da sabis na tuntuɓar ƙasa.

## Tarihi

A zamanin kafin samun ‘yancin kai, masu binciken Turai a wasu lokuta kan yi balaguro zuwa Somaliya da wasu sassa na Horn of Africa  don ziyartar wuraren tarihi masu yawa na yankin da aka bayyana a cikin tsoffin takardu kamar karni na 1 AZ *Periplus na Tekun Erythraean.*

Bayan da Somaliya ta samu 'yancin kai a shekarar 1960, an kafa ma'aikatar yawon bude ido domin daidaita masana'antar yawon bude ido ta kasa.  A cikin shekarar 1969, an zartar da Dokar Fauna (Farauta) da Kare daji, wacce ta ayyana kuma ta tanadar don kafa wuraren sarrafawa, ajiyar wasa da wuraren ajiyar wasa. Daga baya aka gyara shi a cikin shekarar 1978. 

A karkashin Mire Aware Jama,  daga baya Ma'aikatar ta zartar da dokar yawon buɗe ido a shekarar 1984. Kudirin ya kuma zayyana ka’idoji a hukumance don bunkasa da zamanantar da bangaren yawon bude ido. Daga cikin manufofinta da aka bayyana har da mallakar filaye a ciki da bakin teku da kuma kadarori na bakin teku da nufin gina ko fadada kayayyakin yawon bude ido. Dokar ta kuma hada da tanade-tanade don "kariya, adanawa da amfani da albarkatun tarihi, al'adu da na fasaha; kariya da kiyaye muhalli da muhalli; da tsantsar tsare-tsare na birane da yanki na yankunan masu yawon bude ido da suka hada da wuraren shakatawa na wasanni, wuraren shakatawa na kasa da na teku., wurare masu tsarki, da sauransu." Ma'aikatar yawon shakatawa ta nemi cibiyar masana'antar a kusa da Kudancin Lag Badana National Park, tare da rafukan murjani na kusa da tsibiran da ke bakin teku su ma an yi hasashen zama wani ɓangare na ci gaban. Bugu da kari, an tsara shirye-shiryen kafa wurin shakatawa na yawon bude ido a daya daga cikin rairayin bakin teku da ke kusa da babban birnin Mogadishu, a yankin Banaadir ta kudu ta tsakiya. 

A shekara ta 1989, an samar da sabbin dokoki da za su tafiyar da kafa wuraren shakatawa na kasa, ajiyar wasa da tanadi na musamman. Ma’aikatar kiwon dabbobi da gandun daji da kiwo ta kasa ce ta kula da aikin kiyaye namun daji a wannan lokaci. Sashen kula da namun daji kuma yana gudanar da wani yanki mai zaman kansa na tabbatar da doka, wanda aka kirkireshi ta hanyar dokar shugaban kasa. 

Bayan barkewar yakin basasa a shekara ta 1991, yawon bude ido a Somaliya ya tsaya. Daga baya hukumomin duniya daban-daban sun fara ba da shawarwarin balaguro suna ba da shawarar cewa masu yawon bude ido su guji ziyartar yankin saboda dalilai na tsaro. Baya ga ƴan masu neman kasada, ƴan matafiya kaɗan ne suka yunƙura zuwa lardunan kudanci masu rikice-rikice.  Galibi a maimakon haka sun iyakance ziyararsu zuwa yankin arewacin Somaliland mai kwanciyar hankali.

Bayan da sojojin Somaliya suka fatattaki mayakan Al-Shabaab daga Mogadishu a tsakiyar shekarar 2011, a hankali babban birnin kasar ya fara samun farfadowa. 'Yan kasuwa na cikin gida da 'yan asalin Somaliya da suka dawo sun gina tare da buɗe wasu sabbin otal-otal da gidajen baƙi, galibi suna ba da abinci ga wasu Somaliyawa da kuma wasu 'yan Yammacin Turai. Sabbin wuraren shakatawa da aka gina a gefen rairayin bakin teku kuma sun sami masaukin iyalai masu yawon bude ido na farko cikin shekaru da yawa.  

## Ka'ida
Ma'aikatar yawon bude ido ta kasa da aka sake ginawa a Somaliya ne ke kula da harkokin yawon bude ido a Somaliya. Jamhuriyar Somaliland mai cin gashin kanta ta kula da ofisoshin yawon bude ido.  Kungiyar yawon bude ido ta Somaliya (SOMTA) kuma tana ba da sabis na tuntuba daga cikin kasar kan masana'antar yawon bude ido ta kasa. 

Saboda rashin ka'idojin gwamnati na dadewa, ba a tabbatar da yawan masu yawon bude ido na kasa da kasa da ke zuwa Somaliya a kowace shekara ba.  Koyaya, biza da izinin zama a yanzu sun zama tilas ga duk 'yan ƙasashen waje. Tun daga watan Afrilun 2013, Ma'aikatar Shige da Fice ta Somaliya da aka sake kafa ta na buƙatar duk baƙi da ba su da takardun izini su yi rajista a ofisoshinta da ke babban birnin. 

## Abubuwa masu jan hankali

Somaliya tana da abubuwa masu jan hankali da dama, da suka haɗa da wuraren tarihi, rairayin bakin teku, magudanan ruwa, tsaunuka da wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa. Tun a watan Maris din shekarar 2015, ma’aikatar yawon bude ido da namun daji ta jihar Kudu maso Yamma ta sanar da cewa, an shirya tsaf don samar da karin wuraren ajiyar namun daji da na namun daji. 

### Wuraren tarihi

; Arewa

* Aluula – Tsohon babban birnin Majeerteen Sultanate (Migiurtinia).
* Bargal – Tsohon babban birnin yanayi na masarautar Majeerteen. Yana dauke da rugujewar daya daga cikin katangar sarki Osman Mahamuud.
* BOSASO*-Periplus na Tekun Erythraean* na nuni da cewa ‘yan kasuwan Girka na da sun yi tafiya zuwa birnin Bosaaso, inda suka ba da bayanai game da dabaru da yanayin wurin da yankin na Bosaaso yake a halin yanzu, wanda aka fi sani da **Mosylon** a zamanin da. Garuruwan da ke kewaye kamar Biyo Kulule da Bacaad da Karin wanda Italiya ke da tushe na biyu mafi girma a cikin ƙasar Somaliya duk wuraren kayan tarihi ne 
* Damo-Da alama "Kasuwa da Cape na kayan yaji" da aka kwatanta a cikin *Periplus na Tekun Erythraean*.
* Dhambalin – wurin binciken kayan tarihi a arewacin Somaliya, tare da zane-zanen dutse a cikin salon Habasha-Arabiya yana nuna shaidar farko na dabbobi.
* Eyl – Wurin kayan tarihi da kayan tarihi da yawa. Ya yi aiki a matsayin tushe ga sojojin Derwish, tare da gasasshen Dhulbahante da yawa daga wannan lokacin. Har ila yau, ya haɗa da wasu gine-ginen da turawan mulkin mallaka suka gina.

* Hafun-Gidan tsohuwar necropolis.
* Haylaan–Wurin daɗaɗɗen kango da gine-gine. Ya hada da kabarin Sheikh Darod da matarsa Dobira.
* Laas Gaal–Rukunin kogo a arewa maso yammacin Somaliya wanda ke dauke da wasu sanannun fasahar dutsen da aka sani a yankin. An kiyasta zane-zanen kogon nasa a tsakanin 9,000-3,000 KZ.
* Las Khorey - Tsohon babban birnin Warsangali Sultanate. Ita ce wurin zama na tsohon fadar Sarkin Musulmi, mai hawa biyu, kagara, da sauran rugujewar tarihi da dama.
* Maydh – Wurin wani tsohon tashar tashar jiragen ruwa a yankin Sanaag na Somaliya. Ya hada da kabarin Sheikh Isak.
* Qa'ableh–Tsohon garin da ke da tsoffin gine-ginen binnewa. An yi imani cewa za a iya ɗaukar kaburburan tsoffin sarakuna tun farkon tarihin Somaliya. Ya hada da kabarin Sheikh Harti.
* Qombo'ul – Garin mai tarihi a yankin Sanaag. Rukunan sun haɗa da tsaffin kango, gine-gine da gine-gine.
* Taleex – Tsohuwar babban birnin jihar Dervish. Yana da babban hadadden Dhulbahante garesa.
* Zeila - tashar kasuwanci ta Avalites a zamanin da, kuma babban birnin farko na Adal Sultanate na da.

; Kudu

* Afgooye – Tsohuwar babban birnin masarautar Geledi Sultanate .
* Barawa – Muhimmin birni na kasuwanci na tsakiyar zamani.
* Gondal - Mazauni mai tarihi a kudancin Somaliya. Wurin da ya lalace, ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin magabata na Kismayo.
* Gondershe – Garin dutse na zamanin da da aka gina akan tudu mai nuna gidaje na murjani, garu, kaburbura da masallatai . Wurin fim ɗin *La Conchiglia* (1992) wanda daraktan Somaliya mai lambar yabo Abdulkadir Ahmed Said ya yi.
* Hannassa – Garin tarihi da aka gina akan ƙawance. Yana da kaburbura ginshiƙai, tsoffin gidaje masu manyan hanyoyi da tsakar gida, da masallaci mai ingantaccen mihrab ɗin da ke kallon Tekun Indiya .
* Hobyo – Tsohuwar hedkwatar Sarkin Musulmi .
* Kismayo – Wurin rugujewar masarautar Geledi da sauran masarautu.
* Luuq – Wani gari a kudu maso yammacin lardin Gedo na Somalia. Yana ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin ƙauyuka a yankin.
* Merca - Wani tsohon birni mai tashar jiragen ruwa a kudancin Lower Shebelle (Shabellaha Hoose) yankin Somaliya.
* Mogadishu – Tsohon babban birnin Sultanate na Mogadishu . Wataƙila yana haɗuwa tare da tsohuwar tashar jiragen ruwa na Sarapion, kamar yadda Ptolemy ya bayyana.
* Nimmo – Wani gari mai tarihi da ke kudancin Mogadishu, ya ƙunshi rusassun gidaje na duwatsu da masallatai.
* Warsheikh – Daya daga cikin manyan matsugunan daular Sultanate na Mogadishu a lokacin tsakiyar zamanai.

### Rairayin bakin teku

* Gezira Beach - Mogadishu
* Boosaaso - Boosaaso
* Bathela - Berbera
* Batalaale - Berbera
* Liido - Mogadishu

### Waterfalls

* Iskushuban
* Lamadaya

### Tsawon tsaunuka

* Cal Madow
* Dutsen Golis
* Dutsen Ogo

### wuraren shakatawa na kasa
 

* Dutsen Daallo
* Hargaisa National Park
* Tsibirin Hobyo da ciyayi
* Jilib National Park
* Kisman National Park
* Lag Badana National Park

## Duba kuma

* Gine-ginen Somaliya
* Fasfo na Somaliya
* Sufuri a Somaliya
* Tarihin Maritime na Somaliya
* Manufar Visa na Somaliya

## Manazarta

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Ƙungiyar yawon bude ido ta Somaliya  (SOMTA)