Harajin bincike kan hayakin noma

**Harajin binciken fitar da hayakin noma** wata shawara ce ta haraji a New Zealand. An fara gabatar da shi a cikin 2003 kuma za a tattara kimanin dala miliyan 8.4 a kowace shekara daga manoman dabbobi (daga cikin kimanin dala miliyan 50-125 na farashi ga jama'a wanda ke haifar da hayakin dabbobin gona na iskar gas kamar methane), kuma wanda za a yi amfani da shi don ba da kuɗi don bincike kan masana'antar kiwon dabbobi [competitions of the greenhouse gas], don ci gaba da haɓaka iskar gas na ƙasa.

## Tarihi
A cikin watan Mayu 2003 wani rahoto da aka shirya wa Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona da Kamun kifi (Rahoton O'Hara) ya gano cewa duk da cewa FRST da MAF suna ba da wasu kudade don fitar da hayakin noma, "Matakin saka hannun jari a binciken rage yawan binciken da wasu kafofin gwamnati da masu zaman kansu suka yi ya ragu". Rahoton ya kiyasta cewa za a buƙaci mafi ƙarancin dala miliyan 4.5 (mafi kyawun dala miliyan 8.4) na ƙarin kudade don tallafawa shirin binciken da aka ba da shawarar.

A cikin 2003, MP's na ACT Party da National Party sun yi adawa da harajin. amma a ƙarshe sun ba da shawarar madadin mafita, kamar yadda aka bayyana a ƙasa. Shane Ardern, dan majalisar wakilai na jam'iyyar National Party, ya kori tarakta sama da matakan majalisar a wani bangare na zanga-zangar adawa da haraji.

A shekara ta 2004, wata ƙungiya ta masana'antar dabbobi ta amince da biyan wani kaso na wannan bincike (ba ta hanyar haraji ba), kuma gwamnati ta tanadi haƙƙin sake duba harajin idan su ko masana'antar suka janye daga yarjejeniyar.

A New Zealand, dabbobin gona suna da kusan kashi 50% na hayakin da ake fitarwa, bisa ga kiyasin hukuma guda biyu, kuma yarjejeniyar Kyoto na iya tilasta New Zealand ta biya hukunci idan ba a rage matakan iskar gas ba. Bincike ya nuna cewa dabbobin da ake nomawa a duniya suna da muhimmiyar gudummawa ga fitar da hayaki a duniya[6] (NZ tana fitar da kiwo da nama mai yawa, kamar yadda aka gani a Tattalin Arziki na New Zealand.)

A cikin 2004, yayin da haɗin gwiwar Jam'iyyar Labour har yanzu ke jagorantar majalisa, manoman dabbobin New Zealand sun yarda da ba da gudummawa ga binciken kimiyya mai alaƙa, da kuma ba da gudummawar wani yanki da ba a bayyana ba na farashi na Ƙungiyar Binciken Gas na Pastoral Greenhouse.

A cikin watan Satumban 2009, gwamnatin kasar da ke karkashin jagorancin kasar ta sanar da cewa za a yunkuro don kafa wata kungiyar hadin gwiwa ta duniya domin gudanar da bincike kan hanyoyin rage fitar da hayaki mai gurbata muhalli saboda noma. An nada Simon Upton, tsohon dan majalisar wakilai na jam’iyyar National Party, kuma ministan muhalli, a matsayin manzo na musamman da zai yi hulda da wasu kasashe kan lamarin.

## Rigima
Manoman dabbobi da sauran masu sukar harajin sun bayyana harajin a matsayin "haraji mai lalacewa" ko "harajin fart" (ko da yake waɗannan laƙabin suna yaudara ne, tun da yawancin ƙwayar methane da ake samarwa shine samfurin burping na methane da kwayoyin cuta ke samarwa a farkon ciki (jita-jita) maimakon kokarin da aka yi wa manoma Masana'antar dabbobi suna biyan "mafi girma" na wasu.

Sabanin haka, waɗanda suka amince da irin waɗannan haraji sun yi iƙirarin cewa sakamakon shine idan mutum ya cinye babban adadin samfuran da ke haɓaka farashin kiwon lafiya (a cikin tsarin da 'yan ƙasa ke raba kuɗin lafiyar juna) - ko waɗanda al'adunsu ke lalata muhalli, ko kuma idan dabbobin mutum suna buƙatar maganin rigakafi akai-akai don haɓaka yanayi masu saurin kamuwa da cuta, ƙwayoyin rigakafi waɗanda ke haifar da manyan kwaro waɗanda kuma za su iya kai hari ga jama'a - to, za su biya al'adarsu kawai. (kuma 'yan adawa suna jayayya cewa ya kamata mutum ya biya ƙarin, daidai, kamar yadda mutum ya yi ko cinye mafi yawan abin da ke cutar da wasu a cikin al'ummarsa) (duba harajin Pigovia).

## Manazarta