Muhammad Ashrafi

Grand Ayatullah **Mulla Muhammad Ashrafi** ( Persian : آیت الله العظمی ملا محمد اشرفی ) ( an haife shie 19 Nov 1804 – 24 Jan 1898) ya kasance jagoran Shi'a Marja' na Iran a Mazandaran ; Iran daga  shekara ta  1839 zuwa mutuwarsa a 1898.   Mahaifinsa Mulla Muhammad Mehdi ya kasance daya daga cikin malamai (malaman malaman shia) na Behshahr . Shi ne malaminsa na farko kuma ya zaci darasin malaman firamare da kokarin raya shi da ilimin shi'a da abota da soyayyar Ahlulbaiti. 

An buga tarihin rayuwarsa a ƙarƙashin taken "Aseman dar Ayneh" wanda ke nufin "Sky into the Mirror" ta hanyar ƙoƙarin ɗayan jikokinsa mai suna Maryam Hojjati a cikin 2007. An kuma samo hotonsa daga tarihin tarihin tarihin fadar Golestan ta Maryam Hojjati . 

## Rayuwa
An haifi Ashrafi a cikin 1804 a ƙauyen Latergaz . Behshahr, Mazandaran, Iran. Ya fara karatun malamai a wani seminary a Behshahr sannan ya koma birnin Babol. Malamin sa a Babol shine Sa'id-Al-Ulama . Ya ci gaba da karatunsa a Isfahan karkashin jagorancin Mohammad Bagher Shafti . Shafti ya ba shi taken Hojjat al-Islam . Shafti da kansa shine na farko da ya ba da wannan lakabi a duk Tarihin Shia. A lokacin da yake matashi Ya koma Najaf- Iraki don ƙarin karatu. Ya ba da gudummawa a cikin Muhammad Hasan Najafi (Saheb-Javahir) da Sheikh Morteza Ansari. Ya ba da taken Ijtehad a cikin 21st kuma ya koma Babol kuma ya fara koyarwa a makarantar sakandare ta Babol har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekara ta 1898. Ba da daɗewa ba aka san shi da ɗaya daga cikin manyan Maraji na Shia na Iran .Mulla Muhammad yana da la'akari ta musamman game da rayuwar mutane ban da rayuwarsu ta ruhaniya. Ya san bukatunsu musamman matalauta. Ya kasance mai kirki sosai ga al'umma kuma tare da wannan halin yawancin mutane suna son shi sosai kuma shahararsa tana ƙaruwa kowace rana. Gidan Ashrafi an ƙidaya shi a matsayin wuri mai aminci ga mutanen da aka zalunta da kuma lalata kuma sun tafi can don bukatunsu da buƙatun su. "Sheikh Abdollah Mazandarani Stated" Ya kasance mai lura sosai game da yadda gwamnati ke bi da mutane kuma yana aiki a matsayin shingen rashin adalci. sarakunan birni suna girmama shi kuma suna tsoron ikonsa. a cikin wani shari'a Naser al-Din Shah Qajar ya kira shi zuwa Tehran don shiga tsakani don tallafawa mutane a kan sarakunan yankin. Ayyukan Shah suna da sakamako da yawa a Mazandaran kuma a ƙarshe tare da buƙatar Mulla Ali An warware matsalar kuma Ashrafi zai iya komawa Babol.Akwai abubuwan tunawa da yawa da suka rage daga Ashrafi a Behshahr da Babol. **Masallacin Aqa** a Behshahr wanda yanzu yake aiki ya kasance daga gare shi. Wannan masallaci ana gudanar da shi yanzu ta hanyar jikokinsa - Hodjati Family.

## Labaran Rayuwarsa
Akwai wasu labaran tarihi masu yawa game da rayuwarsa a cikin nassoshi daban-daban waɗanda ke koyarwa kuma dukmu za mu iya amfani da su a rayuwarmu. Tarihin addu'arsa da korar mai mulkin Barforoush babol da wasikar da ya aika wa Imam Reza da kuma amsar da Mirza Hasan HakimBashi ya ba da labari sune shahararrun labaran rayuwarsa tsakanin mutane. Sakon Imam Reza ga Ashrafi aya ce daga Saeb Tabrizi- sanannen mawaki na Iran.

"Aieneh sho Vesal Paritalatan talab - Avalroeob Khaneh degar Mihman Talab" 

Fassara: "zama madubi kuma kusanci ga kyawawan abubuwa - da farko ka share gidan sannan ka gayyaci baƙo".

Nasir al-din Shah ya ziyarce shi sau biyu a Barforoush kuma watakila sau ɗaya a Tehran kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama.

A ziyararsa ta farko a Barforoush Shah ya ziyarce shi a gidansa kuma sun yi magana da juna da rana. Shah ya ji daɗin kasancewa tare da shi kuma ya ɗauki hotonsa kuma ya rubuta aya a kan hotonsa.

"Mutane suna ganin a cikin hotonku [kawai] karamin wuri [a cikin girman inci ɗaya]- ba su san ma'anar girman duniya ba wanda ke cikin hoton ku. "

"Khalq Mibinand dar Tasvir-i ka yakShibr jai - Ghafiland kamar yek Jahan Ma'ni khih dar taswir-i tust".

Daniel Tsadik ya rubuta wannan gabatarwa sannan ya koma wani abin da ya faru 'yan kwanaki bayan wannan ziyarar. lamarin ya kasance tsakanin Musulmai da Yahudawa a Barforoush. Ya ba da labari daban-daban guda shida daga tushe daban-daban. A wasu labaru kafofin bayanai sun yi ƙoƙari su zargi Gwamnoni, Hojjat Al-Islam da wasu Lutis waɗanda ke da alhakin wannan lamarin. amma a cikin sigar karshe wanda ya saba da wasu biyar kuma wani wakilin Rasha ne ya ruwaito shi a garin, ya nuna cewa Gwamnati, Hojjat Al-Islam da 'yan kasuwa suna ƙoƙarin hana mugunta.

Mutane sun yi imanin cewa wannan ikon ya fito ne daga kokarinsa na rashin amincewa da kuma imani na ruhaniya.

## Iyali da Yara
Yana da 'ya'ya maza uku wadanda biyu daga cikinsu malamai ne.

### Sheikh Muhammad ali Mojtahid
Shi ne ɗan fari na Mulla Mohammad . Ya zama Imam na addu'o'i a Masallacin Jameh na Babol bayan mahaifinsa. An haife shi a Behshahr a cikin 5, Shaban 1259 AH / 31 Ag 1843 AZ. Kodayake "Sheik Mohammad hasan" wanda aka fi sani da Sheikh Kabir ya fi dacewa da wannan matsayi, ya bar matsayin ga Sheikh Mohammad Ali saboda girmama Mulla Muhammad Ashrafi. bayan mutuwar Sheikh Mohammad Ali a cikin 1324 AH, Sheikh Kabir ya zama Imam na Masallacin.

### Sheikh Jafar Shariatmadar Ashrafi
Sheikh Jafar ya koma wurin haihuwarsa - Behshahr bayan kammala karatunsa a Najaf kuma yana aiki a koyarwa a makarantar sakandare ta Mulla safarali da Makarantar Bashi duk rayuwarsa. An haife shi a ranar 15 Rajab 1263 AH / 29 Yuni 1847 kuma ya mutu a ranar 4 Rajab 1322 AH / 14 Satumba 1904. Sheikh Mohammad Hasan - Ɗansa- yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan shugabannin malamai a lokacin Reza Shah Era a Behshahr . Ya ci gaba da ayyukan mahaifinsa a Behshahr har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1372 AH. Ɗansa Sheikh Mohammad Javad Hodjati (ya mutu 1375 SH) sanannen malami ne kuma masanin tauhidi a Mazandaran, Najaf da Qom . Zia al-din Hodjati (wani sanannen shahadar Behshahr kuma memba ne na ƙungiyar mayakan Chamran) yana ɗaya daga cikin jikan Sheikh Mohammad Hasan . 

### Mohammad Sadegh
Shi ne ɗan na uku na Sheikh Jafar . Ya mutu kafin mahaifinsa kuma an binne shi a Najaf . 

## Ilimi da ƙwarewar ilimi da ɗalibansa masu daraja
Bayan ya koyi wasu darussan asali daga mahaifinsa, Ya zauna a Behshahr a Makarantar Mulla Safarali don darussan matakin firamare. Malamansa sune Mulla SafarAli da Sheikh Abdollah Ashrafi wadanda dukansu mabiyan Sheikh Shafie Ashrafi ne.Ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar sakandare ta Babol wacce ke daya daga cikin manyan Hawzeh a Iran a wannan lokacin. Sa'id al-Ulama (ya mutu 1270 AH) shi ne malaminsa na ilimi mafi girma kuma ya ba shi izinin Ijtihad . A Isfahan ya yi karatun darussan daban-daban kuma Shafti ya ba shi izini ga Ravaiat. Bayan kammala karatunsa a Isfahan Shafti ya ba shi taken Hojjat al-Islam Ashrafi .Ya tafi Iraki don ci gaba da ilimi. Ya sami daga Saheb-Javaher, Mohammad Hasan Shirazi da Sheikh Morteza Ansari koyarwa kuma ya sami digiri na Ijtihad daga makarantun sakandare na Najaf da Samera yana da shekaru 21. Babol elites da sanannun malamai sun aiko masa da sako yayin da yake Najaf kuma sun nemi ya dawo ya yarda da gudanar da seminary na Babol. A cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci bayan dawowarsa, ya sami jagorancin Marja na Mazandaran sannan kuma duk ƙasar.

### Littattafai

# Asrar al-shahadat a Farisa - An buga shi a cikin 1312 SH. An sake buga shi a cikin 1388 don taron tunawa da shi.
# Sha'aer al-Islam fi Masael Halal ya tafi Haram.
# Dokar Ayyuka ga Musulmai (resaleh) a Farisa tare da Bayani daga Abdollah Mazandarani
# Almazar
# Fassarar Surah Qadr
# Alajoobeh wani al-asaleh

### Dalibai

# Sheikh Abdollah Mazandarani - daya daga cikin shugabannin Mashrotiat
# Aliasghar Mojtahid Amirkolaei
# Valiollah Modares Baboli
# Abolghasem HaliDashti
# Sanya Esmail emadi
# Hasan Beheshti da aka shuka
# Mulla Rajabali Savadkuhi Alashti
# Abdolbaghi Savadkuhi Alashti
# Mulla Rafie Tarshizi SavadKuhi

## Mutuwa
Ashrafi ya mutu a 1 ga watan  Ramadan 1315 AH / 24 Janairu 1898 AZ yana da shekaru 95 a Babol. An binne shi kusa da Masallacin Jameh na Babol . taron mutanen Mazandaran sun ba da gudummawa a jana'izarsa a cikin kungiyoyin makoki na kwanaki da yawa. Masu aikin hajji da yawa suna ziyartar kabarinsa a kowace shekara.

## Abin tunawa da Mulla Muhammad Ashrafi
A cikin Ordibehesht na 1390 SH / Mayu 2011 AZ an gudanar da wani abin tunawa na Allameh Ashrafi da babban malaminsa - Sa'id al-Ulama a Babol da Behshahr a lokaci guda. Manufar wannan taron ita ce nazarin rayuwarsu, ayyukansu, ayyukanda da littattafai da kuma sake duba imanin su da ka'idodin Tafsir, Kalam, theosophy. "Janar Darakta na Ershad Mazandaran ya ce" Littattafai takwas na Mulla Muhammad da Sa'id al-Ulama sun sake bugawa kafin wannan taron da za a gabatar a can.

## Dubi kuma

* Mohammad Bagher Shafti
* Sheikh Morteza Ansari
* Masallacin Jameh na Babol
* Maraji ya mutu tsakanin 1201 AH zuwa 1300 AH
* Ka'idodin shari'ar Musulunci
* Mai girma a cikin
* Sai Sai a girke-girke

## manazarta