Karancin ruwa a Amherst, Massachusetts, na shekarar 1980

**Karancin ruwa a Amherst, Massachusetts, na shekarar 1980** ya kasance babban matsalar ruwa da ta shafi garin Amherst, Massachusetts kuma ta haifar da rufe Jami'ar Massachusetts Amherst (UMass Amherst) daga 4-8 ga Satumba, 1980.  Wannan rikicin wani bangare ne na wani yanayi na karancin ruwa da ya shafi al'ummomi a fadin Massachusetts tun 1965, a lokacin daya daga cikin mafi munin fari a yankin. 

## Bayani
Lokacin bazara na shekarar 1980 ya kasance cike da yanayi na bushewa a duk faɗin Massachusetts, wanda ya ƙara ta'azzara fari. A ƙarshen watan Agusta, ma'ajiyar ruwa da ke bai wa Amherst ruwa ta faɗi ƙasa da yadda take a da. Ma'ajiyar Ruwa ta Atkins, wadda ke kusa da Shutesbury, ta faɗi ƙafa shida ƙasa da yadda take a da. A lokaci guda, Ma'ajiyar Ruwa ta Hills da ke kusa da Pelham ta faɗi da ƙafa 13, inda ta rage fitar da ita da rabi. Wani ma'ajiyar ruwa ta uku a Pelham shi ma ya ga matakanta sun faɗi ƙafa 2.5 ƙasa da matsakaicin.

Waɗannan yanayi sun ƙara ta'azzara ta hanyar haɗuwa da ruwan sama mai ƙarancin matsakaici, yanayin zafi fiye da na yau da kullun, da kuma ƙaruwar amfani da ruwa a ƙarshen mako na Ranar Ma'aikata . Wannan ƙaruwar buƙata ta tura tsarin ruwan Amherst zuwa inda ya fara aiki. A ranar 31 ga Agusta, 1980, yayin da UMass Amherst ta buɗe don zangon karatu na kaka, buƙatar ruwa ta ƙaru zuwa galan miliyan 4.5, fiye da rikodin da ya gabata da 700,000. Yawanci, UMass Amherst ta cinye kusan rabin galan miliyan 3.4 da garin ya samar a matsakaici, amma ambaliyar ruwa ta mamaye ƙarancin ruwan da aka samar.

## Ƙara
Manajan Garin Amherst, Louis Hayward, ya fuskanci shawarwari masu wahala yayin da karancin ruwa ya ta'azzara. Wata sabuwar rijiya a yankin Lawrence Swamp na Kudancin Amherst, wadda aka yi niyya don rage matsalolin, har yanzu ba ta cika ba. Wannan ya bar birnin da ƙarancin zaɓuɓɓuka. A ranar 1 ga Satumba, Hukumar Zaɓe ta Amherst ta ayyana dokar ta-baci ta ruwa. Wannan sanarwar ta haɗa da haramta amfani da duk wani ruwa a waje da kuma izinin siyan ruwa daga garin Hadley da ke makwabtaka da shi. Duk da waɗannan ƙoƙarin, matakan adana ruwa na garin sun ci gaba da raguwa.

Alamun farko na ƙarancin ruwa mai tsanani a UMass Amherst sun bayyana a ranar 2 ga Satumba, lokacin da mazauna William M. Cashin House suka ba da rahoton ƙarancin ruwa. Lamarin ya ƙara ta'azzara, inda ya shafi ɗakunan kwanan dalibai a manyan tuddai. A wannan maraice, sama da ɗalibai 3,000 ba su da ruwa, yayin da lamarin ya ci gaba da taɓarɓarewa.

## Kwasowa
A safiyar ranar 4 ga Satumba, Chancellor Henry Koffler ya sanar da rufe harabar jami'ar. An rufe harabar jami'ar yadda ya kamata, tare da umurtar ɗalibai da su tafi. Kafin ƙarshen rana, kashi saba'in cikin ɗari na famfunan ruwa a ɗakunan kwana 41 sun bushe.

Amherst ta mayar da martani ta hanyar kunna rijiyar gaggawa da kuma amfani da tsarin ruwa na Hadley. Jami'an tsaron ƙasa na Massachusetts sun kuma samar da ƙarin albarkatun ruwa. Duk da waɗannan ƙoƙarin, rikicin ya ci gaba da tsananta. An shirya motocin bas don jigilar ɗalibai zuwa wurare daban-daban a faɗin jihar, ciki har da Worcester, Natick, da Boston. 

## Bayan haka
Gwamna Edward J. King ya umarci 'Yan sandan Jihar Massachusetts da su yi sintiri a harabar makarantar da babu kowa domin hana masu satar kayan jama'a. Jami'an tsaron ƙasa sun kawo ƙarin kayan ruwa. Jami'ai sun yi aiki don sake cika tankunan ruwa da kuma dawo da ayyukan da suka saba. An sake buɗe harabar a ranar 8 ga Satumba. Bayan haka, an biya wa ɗaliban kuɗin ɗaki da abinci, kuma harabar makarantar ta koma aiki yadda ya kamata a hankali. Rikicin ya haifar da bincike, wanda ya haifar da gyare-gyare na dogon lokaci a ayyukan kula da ruwa. Lamarin ya nuna ƙalubalen kula da albarkatun ruwa a cikin al'umma mai tasowa cikin sauri tare da ƙarancin kayayyakin more rayuwa.

## Manazarta