Nasrin Sotoudeh

**Nasrin Sotoudeh** (Persian) lauya ce ta kare haƙƙin dan adam a Iran . Ta wakilci 'yan gwagwarmayar adawa da' yan siyasa da aka daure a kurkuku bayan zaben shugaban kasa na Iran da aka yi a watan Yunin 2009 da kuma fursunoni da aka yanke musu hukuncin kisa saboda laifuka da aka aikata lokacin da suke kananan yara. Abokan cinikinta sun hada da ɗan jarida Isa Saharkhiz, wanda ya lashe Kyautar Nobel ta Zaman Lafiya Shirin Ebadi, da Heshmat Tabarzadi .  Ta kuma wakilci matan da aka kama saboda bayyana a fili ba tare da hijabi ba, wanda laifi ne mai hukunci a Iran.*Nasrin* Sotoudeh ita ce batun Nasrin, wani shirin fim na 2020 da aka yi fim a asirce a Iran game da "yaƙe-yaƙe da ke gudana don haƙƙin mata, yara da 'yan tsiraru".  A cikin 2021, an lasafta ta a matsayin 100 Mafi Mutanen da suka fi tasiri a Duniya.  An sake ta a lokacin hutun likita a watan Yulin 2021.

## Rayuwa
An kama Sotoudeh a watan Satumbar 2010 kan zargin yada farfaganda da makirci don cutar da tsaron jihar  kuma an ɗaure shi a kurkuku a Kurkukun Evin .  A watan Janairun shekara ta 2011, hukumomin Iran sun yanke wa Sotoudeh hukuncin shekaru 11 a kurkuku, ban da hana ta yin aiki da kuma barin kasar na tsawon shekaru 20. Daga baya a wannan shekarar, kotun daukaka kara ta rage hukuncin ta zuwa shekaru shida kuma haramtacciyar aikinta zuwa shekaru goma.

A watan Yunin 2018, an sake kama ta kuma, a ranar 12 ga Maris 2019, an yanke mata hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku a Tehran, bayan an tuhume ta da laifuka da yawa da suka shafi tsaro na kasa. Yayinda wani alƙali na Tehran ya gaya wa Hukumar Labaran Jamhuriyar Musulunci cewa an ɗaure ta na tsawon shekaru bakwai, wasu kafofin sun ruwaito cewa matsakaicin hukuncin ya haɗa da shekaru 10 a kurkuku da bulala 148, tare da wasu hukunce-hukunce shida da hukuncin da suka kai shekaru 38 tare. Koyaya, an rage hukuncin daga baya zuwa jimlar shekaru 10. Har yanzu tana cikin Kurkukun Qarchak har zuwa Yuli 2021 (duba kuma a ƙasa). 

## Iyali da ilimi
An haifi Nasrin Sotoudeh a shekara ta 1963 a cikin dangin Iran na "addini, na tsakiya". Ta yi fatan yin karatun falsafar a kwaleji kuma ta kasance ta 53 a jarrabawar shiga jami'ar Iran amma ba ta da isasshen maki don samun wuri kuma ta ƙare karatun doka a Jami'ar Shahid Beheshti da ke Tehran. Bayan kammala karatunta a fannin shari'a ta kasa da kasa daga jami'ar, Sotoudeh ta dauki kuma ta wuce jarrabawar lauya cikin nasara a 1995 amma dole ne ta jira wasu shekaru takwas don a ba ta izinin yin aiki a matsayin lauya.

Sotoudeh is married to Reza Khandan. They have two children together. Sotoudeh has emphasized that Reza is "truly a modern man," standing beside her and her work during her struggles.

## Ayyuka da aiki
YSotoudeh ta fara aikinta ne a ofishin lauya na Ma'aikatar Gidaje ta Iran kuma, bayan shekaru biyu, ta shiga sashen shari'a na Bankin Tejarat mallakar jihar. A lokacin da take aiki a bankin, ta kasance "mai matukar damuwa da shirya shari'ar shari'a da muhawara ta shari'a ga yawancin shari'o'in da Iran ta gabatar a The Hague" a cikin takaddamar da ta yi da Amurka a lokacin "ƙaddamar da kotun Algeria a can".

Sotoudeh ta "aiki na farko a fagen kare hakkin mata" ya kasance tarin tambayoyi daban-daban, rahotanni, da labarai don mujallar *Daricheh* . Babban editan littafin ya ki amincewa da tarin, wanda "ya sa Sotoudeh ya kara ƙuduri'a a cikin aikinta na haƙƙin mata".

A shekara ta 1995 tana da shekaru 32, ta dauki jarrabawar Bar (*Kanoon Vokala*), ta sami takardar shaidar lauyoyinta, kuma ta zama ɗaya daga cikin membobin da suka fi aiki a cikin ƙungiyar lauya. Ayyukan Sotoudeh sun haɗa da kare yara da uwaye da aka zalunta da kuma aiki don kare yara da aka zaluntar daga komawa ga iyayensu masu zalunci. Ta yi imanin cewa masu cin zarafi da yawa ba su da lafiya ko wadanda suka sha wahala kuma suna buƙatar kulawa da magani. Tana fatan cewa kotuna za su fi amfani da ƙwararrun yara da masu ilimin halayyar dan adam wajen tabbatar da shari'o'in cin zarafi don kare yara marasa laifi.

Kafin kama ta, Sotoudeh ta wakilci masu gwagwarmaya da 'yan jarida kamar su Kourosh Zaim, Isa Saharkhiz, Heshmat Tabarzadi, Nahid Keshavarz, Parvin Ardalan, Omid Memarian, da Roya Tolouie, da kuma cin zarafin yara da laifuka. Ta yi aiki tare da Shirin Ebadi wanda ya lashe Kyautar Nobel ta Zaman Lafiya da Cibiyar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam. Bayan kama Sotoudeh, Ebadi ta yi kira da a sake ta kuma ta nuna damuwa game da lafiyarta. A cikin sanarwar, Ebadi ta ce, "Miss Sotoudeh tana ɗaya daga cikin lauyoyin kare hakkin dan adam na ƙarshe waɗanda suka yarda da duk haɗari don kare waɗanda ke fama da keta haƙƙin ɗan adam a Iran". Tsohon shugaban kasar Czech Václav Havel da Zahra Rahnavard, matar shugaban adawa Mir-Hossein Mousavi, suma sun yi kira da a saki Sotoudeh.

## Kamawa na farko da shari'a

A ranar 28 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2010, hukumomin Iran sun mamaye ofishin Sotoudeh. A lokacin, Sotoudeh yana wakiltar Zahra Bahrami, ɗan ƙasar Holland-Iranian wanda ake tuhuma da laifuffukan tsaro; ba a san ko harin yana da alaƙa da Bahrami ba. A ranar 4 ga Satumba 2010, hukumomin Iran sun kama Sotoudeh kan zargin yada farfaganda da makirci don cutar da tsaron jihar. *Jaridar Washington Post* ta bayyana kamawar a matsayin "ya nuna karuwar zalunci ga lauyoyi waɗanda ke kare 'yan siyasa masu rinjaye, masu gwagwarmaya da' yan jarida".
## Manazarta