Jerin bangarorin Yarjejeniyar Paris

Yarjejeniyar Paris yarjejeniya ce a cikin Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Canjin Yanayi (UNFCCC) da ke hulɗa da Rage fitar da iskar gas, daidaitawa da kuɗi tun daga shekarar 2020. Yarjejeniyar tana da niyyar amsawa ga barazanar canjin yanayi ta duniya ta hanyar kiyaye hauhawar zafin jiki na duniya a wannan karni a ƙasa da digiri 2 na Celsius sama da matakan masana'antu da kuma neman kokarin iyakance karuwar zafin jiki har ma da digiri 1.5 na Celsius.

## Tarihi
Wakilan jam'iyyun 197 ne suka tattauna harshe na yarjejeniyar a taron 21st na jam'iyyu na UNFCCC a Paris kuma an amince da shi ta hanyar yarjejeniya a ranar 12 ga Disamba 2015.   Yarjejeniyar ta buɗe don sanya hannu ta Jihohi da kungiyoyin hadin kan tattalin arziki na yanki waɗanda suke bangarorin UNFCCC (Kwamitin) daga 22 ga Afrilu 2016 zuwa 21 ga Afrilu 2017 a hedkwatar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a New York .  Yarjejeniyar ta bayyana cewa za ta fara aiki (kuma ta haka ne ya zama cikakke) ne kawai idan kasashe 55 da ke samar da akalla kashi 55% na hayakin gas na duniya (bisa ga jerin da aka samar a shekarar 2015)  sun tabbatar, karɓa, amincewa ko shiga yarjejeniyar.   A ranar 1 ga Afrilu 2016, Amurka da China, wadanda tare suke wakiltar kusan kashi 40% na hayaki na duniya, sun fitar da wata sanarwa ta hadin gwiwa da ke tabbatar da cewa kasashen biyu za su sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Yanayi ta Paris.   175 jam'iyyun (jihohi 174 da Tarayyar Turai) sun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar a ranar farko da aka bude don sanya hannu.   A wannan rana, kasashe sama da 20 sun fitar da wata sanarwa game da niyyar su shiga nan da nan tare da fatan shiga a cikin 2016. Tare da tabbatarwa da Tarayyar Turai, Yarjejeniyar ta sami isasshen jam'iyyun da za su fara aiki a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba 2016.

## Jam'iyyun
Ya zuwa watan Fabrairun 2, jihohi 194 da EU, wadanda ke wakiltar sama da kashi 98% na hayakin gas na duniya, sun tabbatar ko kuma sun shiga Yarjejeniyar, gami da China da Amurka, ƙasashen da ke da hayakin CO2 na farko da na biyu mafi girma tsakanin Mambobin UNFCCC.   Sauran jihohi uku sun sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar amma ba su tabbatar da ita ba. Dukkanin mambobi 198 na UNFCCC sun sanya hannu ko kuma sun shiga Yarjejeniyar Paris.

### Tarayyar Turai da kasashe membobinta
Dukkanin Tarayyar Turai da kasashe membobinta suna da alhakin tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar Paris. An bayar da rahoton fifiko mai karfi cewa Tarayyar Turai da kasashe 28 membobinta sun ajiye kayan aikin tabbatar da su a lokaci guda don tabbatar da cewa ba Tarayyar Tarayyar EU ko kasashe membobinta ba su shiga cikin cika wajibai da ke cikin ɗayan ba,  kuma akwai tsoron cewa rashin jituwa game da rabon kowace memba na manufar ragewa ta EU, da kuma kuri'ar Burtaniya don barin EU na iya jinkirta yarjejeniyar Paris.  Koyaya, Majalisar Tarayyar Turai ta amince da tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar Paris a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 2016,  kuma Tarayyar Tarayyar ta ajiye kayan aikinta na tabbatarwa a ranar 5 ga Oktoba 2016, tare da kasashe membobin EU da yawa. 

### Yankunan da ke cikin ƙasa
Wasu yankuna na jam'iyyun da ke cikin ƙasa suna ƙarƙashin warewar yanki daga jiharsu mai zaman kanta wacce ke cikin Yarjejeniyar. Jam'iyyar za ta iya tsawaita tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar zuwa yankin da aka ambata. Duk da yake Burtaniya ba ta yi wata sanarwa ba a kan tabbatarwa, ta yi haka a cikin Sadarwar Kasa, ta ƙarshe a cikin NC ta 8 a cikin 2022. Ba a ambaci Yankin Tekun Indiya na Burtaniya da aka yi amfani da shi a matsayin wanda aka cire shi ba.

## Fitar da Yarjejeniyar
Mataki na 28 na yarjejeniyar yana bawa bangarorin damar janyewa daga yarjejeniyar bayan aika da sanarwar janyewa ga mai ajiya, amma ba za a iya ba da sanarwa ba kafin shekaru uku bayan yarjejeniyar ta fara aiki ga kasar. Cirewa yana da tasiri shekara guda bayan an sanar da mai ajiya. A madadin haka, Yarjejeniyar ta tanadi cewa janyewa daga UNFCCC, wanda aka amince da Yarjejeniyar Paris, zai kuma janye jihar daga Yarjejeniyar París. Sharuɗɗan janyewa daga UNFCCC iri ɗaya ne da Yarjejeniyar Paris. A cikin yarjejeniyar ba a bayyana tanadi don rashin bin doka ba.

A ranar 1 ga Yuni 2017, Shugaban Amurka na lokacin Donald Trump ya ba da sanarwar cewa Amurka za ta janye daga yarjejeniyar. Tun lokacin da yarjejeniyar ta fara aiki a Amurka a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba 2016, ranar da ta fi dacewa za ta iya sanar da niyyar janyewa ita ce 4 ga Nuwambar 2019. Idan ya zaɓi ya janye ta hanyar janyewa daga sanarwar UNFCCC za a iya ba da shi nan da nan, tun lokacin da UNFCCc ta fara aiki ga Amurka a 1994. A lokuta biyu, janyewa zai kasance mai tasiri bayan shekara guda. Dangane da wata sanarwa da *HuffPost* ta samu wanda aka yi imanin cewa ofishin lauya na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ne ya rubuta shi, duk wani "ƙoƙarin janyewa daga Yarjejeniyar Paris a waje da tanadin janyewar da aka bayyana a sama ba zai dace da dokar kasa da kasa ba kuma ba za a karɓa a duniya ba. "  A ranar 4 ga watan Agusta, 2017, gwamnatin Trump ta ba da sanarwa ga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya cewa Amurka ta yi niyyar janye daga Yarjejeniya da zaran ta cancanci yin hakan.  A ranar 4 ga Nuwamba 2019, Amurka ta sanar da mai ajiya game da janyewarta daga yarjejeniyar, wanda ya zama mai tasiri bayan shekara guda.

A daya daga cikin ayyukansa na farko na zartarwa, Shugaba Joe Biden ya sanya hannu kan umarni ga Amurka ta sake shiga yarjejeniyar. Shugaban Faransa Emmanuel Macron ya gaishe Joe Biden da "Barka da dawowa zuwa Yarjejeniyar Paris!".  A ranar 20 ga watan Janairun 2025, jim kadan bayan rantsar da shi na biyu, Shugaba Trump ya sanya hannu kan umarnin zartarwa mai taken "Sanya Amurka ta farko a cikin Yarjejeniyar Muhalli ta Duniya", don janye Amurka daga yarjejeniyar a karo na biyu.

## Manazarta