Kwamitin Kare Hakkin Dan Adam a Koriya ta Arewa

Kwamitin Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam a Koriya ta Arewa (HRNK), wanda a da aka fi sani da Kwamitin Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam na Amurka a Koriya ta Arewa, wata ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta mai zaman kanta ta Washington, wacce ke neman wayar da kan jama'a game da yanayin Koriya ta Arewa da kuma buga binciken da ke mayar da hankali kan cin zarafin bil'adama a wannan kasa. "

An kafa shi a cikin shekara ta dubu biyu da daya 2001 ta ƙungiyar manufofin kasashen waje da ƙwararrun masu kare hakkin dan adam, HRNK ta buga rahotanni game da batutuwan da suka shafi haƙƙin ɗan adam na Koriya ta Arewa a yau. Shugabannin kwamitin sun ba da shaida ga Majalisa game da haƙƙin ɗan adam na Koriya ta Arewa da kuma tilasta dawo da 'yan gudun hijirar Koriya ta Kudu ta China. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2012, HRNK ta gudanar da babban taron farko kan 'Yancin Dan Adam na Koriya ta Arewa don ƙaddamar da bugawa, The Hidden Gulag, na biyu, a kan sansanonin kurkuku na siyasa na Koriya Ta Arewa.

## Tarihi

### Kafawa
HRNK an kafa shi ne a cikin 2001 ta ƙungiyar manufofin kasashen waje da ƙwararrun 'yancin ɗan adam don cike gibin ƙwarewar da ba na gwamnati ba kan Koriya ta Arewa. Ƙungiyoyin da aka kafa kamar su Amnesty International da Human Rights Watch da farko sun sami wahalar shigar da Koriya ta Arewa, wanda ke da wuyar samun bayanai akai-akai, cikin tsarin bincike da bayar da shawarwari.

A cikin 2003 HRNK ta fito da bugu na farko na The Hidden Gulag na David Hawk. Wannan shi ne cikakken bincike na farko na tsarin sansanin kurkukun Koriya ta Arewa. 

### Haɗin da ya gabata
Tun daga farkonsa, HRNK ta yi ikirarin kanta a matsayin mai ƙware a kan Koriya ta Arewa a Amurka. Mambobin farko na Kwamitin Gudanarwa sun haɗa da adadi irin su Chuck Downs, Nicholas Eberstadt (na Cibiyar Harkokin Kasuwancin Amirka, Cibiyar Tunanin Conservative), Carl Gershman (shugaban Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru don Dimokiradiyya), Morton I. Abramowitz (tsohon shugaban Carnegie Endowment for International Peace tunanin-tank), da Samantha Power' (daya daga cikin masu goyon bayan gwamnatin Obama1 a Libya1).). Shugabannin kwamitin gudanarwar sun hada da wakilin Amurka Stephen J. Solarz (mai kula da yankin Gulf Wa na 1991). da Ambasada James R. Lilley (wakilin CIA a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata a Asiya, ya yi aiki a Laos don dakile ta'addancin kwaminisanci kuma ya taimaka wajen shigar da jami'an CIA da dama a cikin kasar Sin). Ya kuma kasance memba na gwamnatin Ronald Reagan), wanda aka sanya wa sunan Dokar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Koriya ta Arewa ta 2001. Solarz, tsohon dan majalisar dokokin New York Democrat, an san shi da "Marco Polo of Congress" saboda dogon tarihin tafiye-tafiye na kasa da kasa da kuma shiga cikin harkokin waje. Musamman ma, shi ne dan siyasar Amurka na farko da ya ziyarci Kim Il Sung. Lilley ta kasance kusa da tsohon shugaban kasa George HW Bush da kanta kuma ta kasance jakada a Jamhuriyar Koriya da Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin.

### Shaida a Majalisar Dattijai ta Amurka

A watan Satumban 2011, babban darektan HRNK Greg Scarlatoiu ya ba da shaida a wani zaman kwamitin kula da harkokin waje na majalisar wakilai kan Afirka, Lafiya ta Duniya, da kare hakkin bil'adama, mai taken "Hakkin Dan Adam a Koriya ta Arewa: kalubale da dama". Scarlatoiu ya jaddada kwararar bayanai zuwa cikin Koriya ta Arewa, yana mai ba da shawarar a madadin HRNK cewa, "Ya kamata Amurka ta ci gaba da fadada watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo zuwa Koriya ta Arewa tare da karfafa sauran kokarin da ke ba da bayanai kai tsaye ga mutanen Koriya ta Arewa bisa ga dokar kare hakkin dan Adam ta Koriya ta Arewa".

A ranar 5 ga Maris, 2012, kwamitin zartarwa na majalisar wakilan jama'ar kasar Sin ya karbi shaida daga shugaban HRNK, Roberta Cohen da Scarlatoiu, a wani sauraren sauraren "Mayar da 'yan gudun hijirar Koriya ta Arewa da Sin ta yi". Hukumar ta HRNK ta gabatar da shawarwari guda shida ga hukumar tare da karfafawa kasar Sin kwarin gwiwar cika hakkin kasa da kasa na kare 'yan gudun hijirar Koriya ta Arewa.

A cikin watan Yunin 2014, shugaban HRNK Andrew Natsios ya ba da shaida a gaban kwamitin majalisar kan harkokin kasashen waje, karamin kwamiti kan Afirka, lafiya na duniya, kare hakkin bil'adama na duniya da kuma kungiyoyin kasa da kasa, a cikin abin da ke da taken "Hakkin Dan Adam da Laifukan Cin Hanci da Bil Adama a Koriya ta Arewa". Baya ga bayyana laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama da COI ta fallasa, Natsios ya yi ikirarin cewa, "Yayin da gwamnatin Amurka ta ba da shawara tare da tattauna batun sanya takunkumi da sauran nau'o'in matsin lamba kan gwamnatin Koriya ta Arewa a matakin kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, sun kasance matakan da aka dauka don mayar da martani ga cin zarafi da shirin nukiliya na Koriya ta Arewa, wanda ba shi da alaka da batun kare hakkin bil'adama. "

### Gudanarwa
Kwamitin gudanarwa na HNK ya hada da fitattun mutane daga Koriya ta Arewa da kuma al'ummomin manufofin kare hakkin bil'adama.

## Ayyukan bincike kan batutuwan kare hakkin dan adam

### Kashewa ta Duniya
HRNK ta fitar da littafinta, Taken: Laifukan Satar Jama'a na Koriya ta Arewa, ga taron mutane 150 a Washington, D.C. a ranar 5 ga Mayu, 2011. An gudanar da wani binciken da ya tattara bayanan sace Koriya ta Arewa, wanda ya kai sama da 180,000 da aka sace, ya kuma fallasa fa'ida da ayyukan Koriya ta Arewa.

### Kurkuku
HRNK, Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya don Dakatar da Laifukan da ake yiwa Bil Adama a Koriya ta Arewa, da Maureen da Mike Mansfield Foundation sun dauki nauyin gabatar da "Trapped in Korea's Gulag: Labarin Oh Kil-nam da Iyalinsa" a ranar 6 ga Nuwamba, 2011. Taron ya nuna Dr. Oh Kil-nam kuma an ba da shi a Mike da Maureen Mansfield Foundation. Babban daraktan hukumar ta HRNK yayi jawabi a wurin gabatar da taron.

HRNK ta fitar da littafinta, Hidden Gulag Bugu na Biyu: Gidajen Yari na Siyasa, kuma ta gudanar da wani taro a Cibiyar Tattalin Arzikin Duniya ta Peterson. Rahoton ya yi kira da a wargaza babban sansanin fursunonin siyasa na Koriya ta Arewa wanda ake tsare da mutane 150,000 zuwa 200,000. Taron 10 ga Afrilu, 2012 kan gulag na Koriya ta Arewa ya tattara tsoffin fursunonin Koriya ta Arewa, ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƴan Adam, wakilan gwamnatoci, hukumomin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, ƙwararrun Koriya, kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, da ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu don sanarwa, haɗin kai, tattaunawa, da ba da shawarwari kan batutuwan haƙƙin ɗan adam na Koriya ta Arewa.

HRNK ta gabatar da "Hakkin Dan Adam a Koriya ta Arewa: Gidajen Yari a 2012" a Cibiyar Amurka-Korea a SAIS a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 2012. Gordon Flake, mataimakin shugaban kwamitin gudanarwa a HRNK da kuma babban darektan Maureen da Mike Mansfield Foundation, da kuma HRNK kwamitin shugaban kasa na North Korea Encrashman ya gabatar da bayanai game da Carl Germong na Koriya ta Arewa. zauren tattaunawa.

HRNK ta buga Boyayyen Gulag IV: Cin Hanci da Jinsi da Bacewar Fursunoni daga tsohon jami'in binciken kare hakkin dan Adam David Hawk a ranar 18 ga Satumba, 2015. Rahoton ya yi amfani da hotunan tauraron dan adam da hirar da suka yi da wadanda suka sauya sheka don bayyana karin bangaren mata a sansanin kurkukun da aka fi sani da Kyo-hwa-so No. 12 da matan Koriya ta Arewa suka kwatanta ppatlight na kasar Sin. Rahoton ya kuma yi magana game da "bacewar sau biyu", ko kuma 'yan Koriya ta Arewa da suka fara bacewa cikin gidajen yari na siyasa da kuma sake kamar yadda aka tarwatsa ko kuma mayar da irin waɗannan wuraren da ake tsare da su.

#### Hotunan tauraron dan adam
HRNK ce ta buga a cikin 2003, The Hidden Gulag, Buga na Farko ya haɗa da hotunan tauraron dan adam na sansanonin kurkukun siyasa da DigitalGlobe ke bayarwa tare da wuraren sansani da wuraren da masu sauya sheka na Koriya ta Arewa suka gano. A cikin Buga na Biyu na Hidden Gulag: Sansanonin Kurkuku na Siyasa, HRNK ta sami damar buga hotuna mafi girman ƙuduri guda 41 wanda masu ɓarna a cikin su ke nuna ƙanana a matsayin hasumiya mai gadi da gidaje tare da zuwan fasahar Google Earth. HRNK da AllSource Analysis, Inc. sun yi aiki tare don gudanar da cikakken nazarin hotunan tauraron dan adam na wasu sansanonin na tsawon lokaci, kuma wasu daga cikin wannan aikin sun ba da gudummawa ga Rahoton Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na kwamitin bincike kan 'yancin ɗan adam a Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyyar Koriya ta Koriya. Kwanan nan, HRNK da Binciken AllSource sun gano rufe sansanin 15 "Yankin Juyin Juya Hali" kuma sun ba da wannan rahoto: Binciken Hoto na Camp 15 "Yodŏk" Rufe "Yankin Juyin Juya Halin".

### Songbun
HRNK released the first comprehensive study of North Korea's discriminatory social classification system, *[http://www.hrnk.org/uploads/pdfs/HRNK_Songbun_Web.pdf Marked for Life: Songbun, North Korea's Social Classification System]*, to a group of 200 people at the American Enterprise Institute on June 6, 2012. As a starting point, this report recommended that North Korea allow the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and the United Nations Special Rapporteur in North Korea full, free, and unimpeded access, so that they can study the impact of the songbun system on the human rights of North Koreans.

### Kula da Jama'a da Tiyayyar Jama'a
HRNK launched its report, *[http://www.hrnk.org/uploads/pdfs/HRNK_Ken-Gause_Web.pdf Coercion, Control, Surveillance, and Punishment: An Examination of North Korea's Police State]*, at the Korea Economic Institute (KEI) on July 19, 2012, to a group of 100 people. Authored by North Korean leadership specialist Ken E. Gause, the publication focuses on security and espionage in North Korean.

### Kashewa
Rahoton na HRNK na 2012 Tilastawa, Sarrafa, Sa ido, da Hukunci: Wani Jarabawar Jami’an ‘Yan Sandan Koriya ta Arewa ta yi zargin cewa ba a saba yin kisa ga jama’a a Koriya ta Arewa ba, kuma hukuncin kisa ba a iyakance ga “mafi manyan laifuffuka ba,” wanda ke zama cin zarafi ga yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa kan ‘yancin jama’a da siyasa.

HRNK ce ta buga a shekarar 2012, The Hidden Gulag Bugu na Biyu: Gidan Yari na Siyasa ya bayyana yadda ake aiwatar da hukuncin kisa na jama'a da na sirri a gidajen yarin kwan-li-so da kyo-hwa-so. Tsofaffin fursunonin sun ba da rahoton cewa an tilasta musu yin jifa da gawarwaki bayan yanke musu hukuncin kisa. Rahoton ya yi iƙirarin cewa hukuncin kisa hukunci ne na yunƙurin tserewa, amma kuma “laifi” kamar cin ƙwan zuma a ƙasa ba tare da izini ba an kuma yanke hukuncin kisa. Wani fursuna ya yi iƙirarin cewa sun shaidi kisa da aka yi kiyasin 50-60 a kowace shekara, ciki har da kisa na rukuni na mutane 20.

A cikin Afrilu 2015, HRNK da AllSource Analysis, Inc. sun gano abin da ta yi imanin cewa hoton tauraron dan adam ne na wani kisa ta ZPU-4 bindigogin mashin jiragen sama a cibiyar horar da sojoji ta Kanggon a wajen Pyongyang. An ba da rahoton zarge-zargen nasu a cikin "Ayyukan da ba a saba da su ba a Yankin Horar da Sojoji na Kanggon a Koriya ta Arewa: Shaidar Kisa ta Bindigan Jirgin Sama?.

## Manyan tarurruka

### Taron "Gulag da aka ɓoye" (2012)
A Cibiyar Peterson ta Tattalin Arziki ta Duniya a Washington, DC, HRNK ta dauki bakuncin babban taron farko kan "Hidden Gulag", yana magana da tsarin kurkuku na Koriya ta Arewa, a ranar 10 ga Afrilu, 2012. HRNK ta kaddamar da bugawa, bugu na biyu na The Hidden Gulag  ta tsohon Babban Darakta na Amnesty International kuma masanin kare hakkin dan adam David Hawk, a taron 

Taron ya ja hankalin kafofin watsa labarai, gami da edita a cikin The Washington Post wanda ya gabatar da taron a matsayin "wanda ba a taɓa gani ba". Robert King, Jakadan Amurka na Musamman na Harkokin Kare Hakkin Dan Adam na Koriya ta Arewa, ya yi jawabi ga taron. Glyn Davies, Wakilin Musamman na Amurka na Manufofin Koriya ta Arewa, shi ma ya halarci taron.

### Taron "Kiran Aiki" (2012)
HRNK ta shirya wani taro a Cibiyar Simon Wiesenthal a Gidan Tarihi na Juriya a ranar 12 ga Oktoba, 2012, kan "Tsarin sansanin fursunonin Siyasa na Koriya ta Arewa da Halin 'Yan Gudun Hijira na Koriya ta Arewa: Kira don Aiki".

Babban Darakta na HNK da membobin kwamitin gudanarwa sun yi jawabi a wurin taron tare da ba da ilimi kan Koriya ta Arewa. Bugu da kari, HRNK ta shirya wa masu magana Rabbi Abraham Cooper, Honourable Howard Berman, Honourable Brad Sherman, Honourable Ed Royce, R.O.K. Consul Janar Shin Yeon-sung, David Hawk, Dr. Han Dong-ho, Blaine Harden, Shin Dong-hyuk, Hannah Song, Melanie Kirkpatrick, da Dr. Cho Jung-hyun don yin magana.

### Taron "Zuciyar Duhu" (2013)
Gidan Tarihi na Holocaust na Illinois da Cibiyar Ilimi da HRNK sun karbi bakuncin taron kira ga rugujewar sansanonin kurkukun siyasa na Koriya ta Arewa a Gidan Tarihi na Holocaust na Illinois & Cibiyar Ilimi a Skokie, IL a ranar Nuwamba 6, 2013. HRNK ya ba da masu magana, daidaitawa don taron, ya gayyaci al'ummar Koriya ta Koriya ta Amurka a yankin Chicago, kuma ta gabatar da tattaunawa game da tsarin siyasa na Koriya ta Arewa.

An gabatar da wannan taron ga mutane An isar da wannan taron ga mutane 300, ciki har da Amurkawa Koriya da waɗanda suka tsira daga Holocaust. Taron, wanda aka fassara a lokaci guda a wurin cikin harshen Koriya da Ingilishi, ya jagoranci kuma ya nuna Babban Darakta na HRNK Greg Scarlatoiu, Farfesa Farfesa Hyun In-ae, da Mataimakin Shugaban Hukumar Roberta Cohen. Sun tattauna inganta ingantaccen aiki da kuma hanyoyin da Chicago da mafi girman yankin Midwest za su iya shiga cikin shawarwari da wayar da kan Koriya ta Arewa.

### "Hakkin Dan Adam a Koriya ta Arewa: Adireshin Michael Kirby" Taron (2014)
Cibiyar Brookings da HRNK sun gudanar da wani taron inda Michael Kirby, shugaban kwamitin binciken kare hakkin bil adama na MDD a Koriya ta Arewa (COI), ya yi jawabi kan sakamakon rahoton da shawarwarin. Binciken da aka kwashe tsawon shekara guda ana yi, wanda ya hada da saurare da tattaunawa da ‘yan Koriya ta Arewa da suka sauya sheka, ya gano cewa “a lokuta da dama, cin zarafi ya shafi cin zarafin bil’adama bisa manufofin gwamnati."

Bayan jawabin mai shari'a Kirby, Marcus Noland na Cibiyar Nazarin Tattalin Arziki ta Duniya ta Peterson da kuma wani mamban hukumar ta HRNK yayi tsokaci kan rahoton. Kuma Roberta Cohen, Co-shugaban HRNK da Babban Fellow Ba mazaunin ba, Brookings, ya kasance a kan wani kwamiti da ke tattauna abubuwan da COI ke da shi. Taron ya ja hankalin kafofin watsa labarai masu mahimmanci, kuma an watsa shi akan C-SPAN.

### Hidden Gulag IV da Camp 15 Hotuna Sabuntawa (2015)
A ranar 18 ga Satumba, 2015, HRNK ta ƙaddamar da wallafe-wallafenta The Hidden Gulag IV: Damuwar Jinsi da Bacewar Kurkuku da Koriya ta Arewa: Binciken Hoto na Sansanin 15 "Yodok" - Rufe "Yankin Juyin Juya Hali" a Newseum a Washington D.C. Taron ya gabatar da gabatarwa ta hanyar marubutan rahotanni J David Haw. Cohen da Gwang-il Jung, wanda ya tsira daga sansanin No. 15 "Yodok".

## Littattafai

HRNK ta fitar da littattafai sama da 50 kan 'yancin dan adam na Koriya ta Arewa, kan bincike mai zaman kansa, shaidar wadanda suka tsere a Koriya ta Kudu, da kuma nazarin hotunan tauraron dan adam. Littattafan kwanan nan sun magance rahotanni game da canje-canje a sansanonin kurkuku, na'urar tsaro ta Koriya ta Arewa, tsarin rarraba zamantakewar "songbun" na Koriya ta Kudu, da kuma cibiyar sadarwar "gulag da aka ɓoye" na DPRK.

### Sansanonin Kurkuku

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### Jiha da al'umma na Koriya ta Arewa

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### Al'ummar kasa da kasa

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## Dubi kuma

* 'Yancin Dan Adam a Koriya ta Arewa

## Bayanan da aka ambata