Bahrain goma sha uku

**Bahrain Thirteen** (Arabic: البحرين ثلاثة عشر, romanized: al-Baḥrayn Thalāthat ʻAshar) jagororin adawar Bahrain goma sha uku ne, masu fafutukar kare hakkin bil adama, masu rubutun ra'ayin yanar gizo da kuma malaman Shi'a da aka kama tsakanin 17 ga Maris zuwa 9 ga Afrilu, 2011, dangane da rawar da suka taka a yunkurin kasar. A watan Yunin 2011, wata kotun soji ta musamman, Kotun Tsaro ta Kasa, ta yi musu shari’a, kuma ta same su da laifin “kafa kungiyoyin ta’addanci don hambarar da mulkin sarauta da sauya kundin tsarin mulki”; sun samu hukuncin daurin shekaru biyu zuwa daurin rai da rai. Kotun daukaka kara ta sojoji ta tabbatar da hukuncin a watan Satumba. Shari'ar ta kasance "daya daga cikin fitattun" a gaban Kotun Tsaro ta Kasa. An sake sauraren karar a wata kotun farar hula a watan Afrilun 2012 amma ba a saki wadanda ake tuhumar daga gidan yari ba. An sake tabbatar da hukuncin a ranar 4 ga Satumba, 2012. A ranar 7 ga Janairu, 2013, wadanda ake tuhuma sun rasa damar daukaka kara ta karshe lokacin da Kotun Cassation, babbar kotun Bahrain ta tabbatar da hukuncin.

Goma sha uku sune Abdulhadi al-Khawaja, Abdulhadi al'Mukhodher, Abduljalil al-Miqdad, Abduljaliil al-Singace, Abdulla al-Mahroos, Abdulwahab Hussain, Hasan Mushaima, Ibrahim Sharif, Mohamed Habib al-Miwdad, Mohamed Hasan Jawad, Mohamed Ismail, Sa'eed al-Nuri da Salah al-Khwaja. Da farko sun kasance ashirin da daya, amma an gwada bakwai ba tare da wani ba kuma an saki daya a watan Afrilun 2012. Goma sha uku sun zama sanannun jarumawa a Bahrain, kuma masu sharhi sun yi hasashen cewa gwamnati ta damu da cewa sakin su na iya sake farfado da zanga-zangar da kuma takaici ga magoya bayan gwamnati waɗanda ke adawa da duk wani gafarar sarauta.

Shari'a, yanke hukunci da kuma yanke hukunci na Bahrain goma sha uku sun jawo nuna damuwa daga Tarayyar Turai, Denmark, Faransa, Ireland, Ingila da Amurka, da kungiyoyin kasa da kasa ciki har da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, Reporters Without Borders, Kwamitin Kare 'Yan Jarida da' 'Yancin Dan Adam na Farko. Gwamnatin Bahrain ta ci gaba da cewa gwaje-gwaje sun kasance masu adalci. Hukumar Bincike Mai Zaman Kanta ta Bahrain (BICI) , bincike mai zaman kanta da Sarkin Bahrain ya ba da umarni, ya kammala a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2011 cewa akwai wani tsari mai ban sha'awa na cin zarafin wadanda ake tuhuma yayin da suke cikin kurkuku.

## Tarihi

A watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2011 hukumomin Bahraini sun nemi murkushe zanga-zangar neman dimokuradiyya a kusa da Pearl Roundabout, wani yanki na zirga-zirga kusa da gundumar kudi a babban birnin Bahrain Manama (wani ɓangare na yunkurin Larabawa). A ranar 17 ga Fabrairu, a wani hari da 'yan sanda suka kai wanda daga baya ya zama sananne da Bloody Alhamis; masu zanga-zangar hudu sun mutu kuma sama da 300 sun ji rauni. zanga-zangar da ta shafi kashi ɗaya cikin biyar na yawan jama'a ta ci gaba a cikin wata mai zuwa    har sai gwamnati ta kira sojojin Majalisar hadin kan Gulf kuma ta ayyana dokar ta baci ta watanni uku. Duk da mummunar tashin hankali da ya biyo baya,   karamin zanga-zangar da rikice-rikice sun ci gaba, galibi a waje da gundumomin kasuwanci na Manama.   Ya zuwa watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2012, sama da mutane 80 sun mutu a lokacin tashin hankali.

Amnesty International ta kirkiro sunan "Bahrain 13" don komawa ga maza,  wanda daga baya wasu kafofin watsa labarai suka karɓa.  An san shari'arsu a cikin gida a matsayin Case of Icons (Arabic) da kuma Group of 21 (Arabic).  Da farko sun kasance ashirin da daya, amma an gwada bakwai ba tare da wani ba kuma an saki daya a watan Afrilun 2012. Bakwai da aka gwada ba tare da su ba ko dai suna ɓoye ko a waje da ƙasar.

## Manazarta