Yaƙin neman zaɓen Nord-Kivu 2008

**Yakin** **neman zaben Nord-Kivu** a shekara ta 2008 wani rikici ne na makami a gabashin lardin Nord-Kivu na Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo. Rikicin da ya barke a rikicin na Kivu ya gamu da kazamin fada tsakanin sojojin Jamhuriyar Dimokaradiyyar Kwango, da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da goyon bayan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, da mayakan Tutsi a karkashin Janar Laurent Nkunda.

Fadan da aka fara tun ranar 25 ga watan Oktoba, ya kori fararen hula 250,000 - wanda ya kawo adadin mutanen da rikicin Kivu ya raba da muhallansu zuwa fiye da miliyan biyu. Yaƙin neman zaɓe ya haifar da tarzomar jama'a da yawa, ƙarancin abinci da kuma abin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kira "rikicin jin kai na bala'i." Bayan mako guda, dakarun 'yan tawaye da ke cikin tashin hankalin fararen hula da na soji a Goma, sun ba da umarnin tsagaita wuta. Kame daukacin yankunan da 'yan tawayen suka yi a kewayen Goma ya haifar da wani yanayi na zaman lafiya mai rauni, ya haifar da barna mai yawa a siyasance, ya kuma sanya ayar tambaya kan ingancin dakarun wanzar da zaman lafiya da aka jibge a can. Bayan wani gajeren tsagaita bude wuta da Janar Laurent Nkunda ya ba da umarnin, fada ya barke a ranar 17 ga watan Nuwamba, bayan haka kuma aka fara aiki da yarjejeniyar tsagaita bude wuta na biyu a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba. An kirkiro wani yanki mai cike da rudani tsakanin 'yan tawaye da na gwamnati, wanda ake kira "hangon taimakon jin kai", a ranar 23 ga watan Nuwamba don ba da damar jigilar kayan agaji zuwa cibiyoyin farar hula keɓe. A ranar 9 ga watan Disamba ne aka fara tattaunawar zaman lafiya tsakanin tawagogin gwamnatin Congo da 'yan tawayen Nkunda. Babban fada ya lafa bayan kama Nkunda a watan Janairun 2009.

A ci gaba da fama da tashe-tashen hankula da suka addabi Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo tun daga shekarar 1997 ana kiransu da mafi muni tun bayan yakin duniya na biyu, inda hukumomin agaji suka yi kiyasin mutuwar fararen hula 1,200 zuwa 1,400 a rana.

## Fage
Manyan labarai: Yaƙin Kongo na biyu da rikicin Kivu

Tun a shekara ta 2004 ne 'yan tawayen Nkunda suka fara kai farmaki a Nord-Kivu, lardin da ke kan iyaka da tafkin Kivu a gabashin Jamhuriyar Dimokaradiyyar Kwango, tun a shekara ta 2004, lokacin da suka mamaye Bukavu da zargin aikata laifukan yaki. Manufar sojojin Nkunda ita ce kare tsirarun 'yan kabilar Tutsi, wadanda aka yi imanin cewa ba su da isasshen kariya daga karin hare-haren kisan kiyashi da 'yan Hutu suka yi, wadanda kuma Nkunda ya yi imanin cewa sun ci gajiyar tallafin gwamnati a lokacin yakin Kongo na biyu. Tun da farko, a cikin Janairun 2008, 'yan tawayen Nkunda sun shiga tattaunawar sulhu; a wani lokaci suka fita suna cewa wasu jam’iyyu sun yi yunkurin kama wani memba amma daga baya suka dawo. Tattaunawar ta ƙare tare da ba wa 'yan tawayen kariya ta musanya ta janye sojojin da barin fararen hula su sake tsugunar da su.

## Tsarin lokaci

### CNDP ta tura zuwa Goma
A ranar 26 ga Oktoba, 2008, 'yan tawayen Nkunda sun kwace wani babban sansanin soji, tare da dajin Virunga National Park, da ke kan babbar titin da ke kan hanyar zuwa birnin Goma, domin yin amfani da shi a matsayin tudu. Hakan ya faru ne bayan da yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya ta gaza, sakamakon yakin da ya raba dubban mutane da muhallansu.

A ranar 27 ga Oktoba, 2008, an fara tarzoma a kewayen harabar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Goma. Fararen hula sun yi ta jifan ginin da duwatsu tare da jefa Molotov cocktails, suna masu ikirarin cewa sojojin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ba su yi wani abin da ya hana CNDP ci gaba ba. Har ila yau sojojin kasar Kongo sun yi wani "babban ja da baya" saboda matsin lamba daga dakarun CNDP. A halin da ake ciki, an yi amfani da makamai masu linzami na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a wani yunƙuri na dakatar da ci gaban CNDP, wanda ya yi ikirarin cewa yana da nisan kilomita 11 (7 mi) da Goma. Wakilin musamman na Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Alan Doss ya bayyana wajibcin shiga CNDP, yana mai cewa "...[MDD] ba za ta iya barin cibiyoyin jama'a su yi barazana ba... [UN] dole ne su shiga."

## Manazarta