Helen Milliken

**Helen Wallbank Milliken** (Disamba 4, 1922  - Nuwamba 16, 2012) yar fafutukar kare hakkin mata Ba'amurke ce, mai fafutukar kare muhalli, kuma tsohuwar uwargidan shugaban kasa ta Michigan . Milliken, Uwargidan Shugaban Kasa mafi dadewa a tarihin Michigan (ta rayu har zuwa shekaru 89), ta yi aiki daga 1969 zuwa 1983 a lokacin mulkin mijinta, tsohon Gwamnan Michigan William Milliken . Milliken an santa da fafutuka a madadin dalilai da yawa a tsawon rayuwarta. A cikin shekarun 1970s, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu goyon bayan Michigan na Ƙaddamar Daidaita Haƙƙin Ƙimar Ga Tsarin Mulkin Amurka .  

## Tarihin Rayuwa

### Rayuwar farko
An haifi Milliken **Helen Wallbank** a ranar 4 ga Disamba, 1922, a Colorado,  na biyu cikin yara huɗu na Stanley da Nellie (née Sillik) Wallbank. Ta halarci makarantar 'yan mata a Denver, Colorado .  Ta yi rajista a Kwalejin Smith da ke Northampton, Massachusetts, bayan kammala karatun sakandare, inda ta sami digiri na farko a 1945.  

A cikin 1943, ta sadu da mijinta na gaba, William Milliken, a Colorado yayin da take gida don hutun bazara bayan ta kammala sabuwar shekara a Kwalejin Smith.  Milliken a lokacin dalibi ne a Jami'ar Yale (wanda ke da nisan mil 80 daga Kwalejin Smith), amma ya kasance a makarantar Lowry Field 's aerial gunnery school don horarwa a Rundunar Sojojin Amurka .  A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Milliken ya yi aiki a matsayin sojan Amurka Air Corps B-24 waist-gunner. 

Ma'auratan sun yi aure a watan Oktobar 1945, bayan sun jinkirta aurensu sau shida saboda alkawurran soja na Milliken a lokacin yakin. Sun ƙaura zuwa Connecticut, inda suka zauna a gida mai daki ɗaya yayin da Milliken ya kammala babban shekara a Jami'ar Yale. 

Helen da William Milliken sun koma ƙasarsa ta Traverse City, Michigan, bayan kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yale a 1946. Suna da 'ya'ya biyu a can: William Milliken Jr., wanda aka haifa Oktoba 14, 1946, da Elaine Milliken, wanda aka haifa a ranar 6 ga Yuni, 1948. Wani lauya da mata, Elaine ya mutu da ciwon daji a cikin  . don kasuwancin iyali, Rushewar Shagon Sashen Milliken.  

### Uwargidan Shugabancin Michigan
Helen Milliken ta fara shiga fagen siyasa ne a lokacin da aka zabi mijinta a matsayin Sanata na Jiha a shekarar 1960. An zabi William Milliken a matsayin Laftanar Gwamnan Jihar Michigan, wanda ya yi aiki a karkashin Gwamna George Romney . Milliken ya samu nasarar zama Gwamnan Michigan a shekarar 1969 lokacin da Romney ya yi murabus ya zama sakataren gidaje da raya birane na Amurka a cikin majalisar ministocin shugaba Richard Nixon . 

### Taimako don Gyaran Haƙƙin Daidaitawa
Milliken ta yi aiki a matsayin Uwargidan Shugaban kasa na tsawon shekaru goma sha hudu, mafi tsayin wa'adin kowace uwargidan shugaban kasa a tarihin jihar. A cikin wannan rawar, ta zama sananne a matsayin mai goyon bayan yancin mata da muhalli.  Musamman, Milliken ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu goyon bayan Michigan na Daidaita Haƙƙin Ƙimar (ERA) kuma yana da alaƙa da ERAmerica .  Majalisar Dokokin Amurka ta wuce ERA a cikin 1972 kuma jihohi talatin da biyar sun amince da su, gami da Michigan, a cikin shekaru masu zuwa.  Lokacin da Babban Taron Jam'iyyar Republican na 1980, wanda aka gudanar a Detroit, ya cire harshen da ke goyon bayan ERA daga dandalin taron, uwargidan shugaban kasa Helen Milliken ta kauracewa bikin bude taron don halartar zanga-zangar goyon bayan ERA. 

### Gidan bayan gida
A cikin 1994, dan takarar gwamna na Demokrat Michigan Howard Wolpe ya nemi Helen Milliken ta zama abokin takararsa na Laftanar Gwamnan Michigan .  Ta ƙi tayin Wolpe.  Wolfe ya zaɓi Sanatan Jiha Debbie Stabenow a matsayin abokin takararsa. An kayar da shi a babban zaben 1994 ta hannun Gwamnan Michigan na Republican mai ci John Engler .

Yayin da Helen Milliken ta fi guje wa kamfen na siyasa a lokacin rayuwarta ta ƙarshe, ta amince da manyan 'yan Democrat biyu don zaɓe. Milliken ya amince da Jennifer Granholm a matsayin Gwamnan Michigan, da kuma dan takarar shugaban kasa na Democrat, Sanata John Kerry, a lokacin zaben shugaban Amurka na 2004 . 

## Manazarta