Fanny Garrison Villard

**Helen Frances “Fanny” Garrison Villard** (Disamba 16, 1844 - Yuli 5, 1928) yar gwagwarmaya ce ta mata ta Amurka, mai fafutukar tabbatar da zaman lafiya kuma wacce ta kafa kungiyar Ci gaban Jama'a ta Kasa . Ita ce 'yar fitaccen mawallafi kuma mai lalata William Lloyd Garrison kuma matar hamshakin attajirin jirgin kasa Henry Villard .

## Rayuwar farko
Helen Frances Garrison, wanda aka sani ga dangi da abokai a matsayin "Fanny," an haife shi a ranar 16 ga Disamba, 1844. Ita ce kaɗai 'yar da ta tsira ta 'ya'ya biyar da 'ya'ya mata biyu (wanda ɗa da 'ya suka mutu tun suna yara) Helen Eliza Benson (1811-1876) da William Lloyd Garrison (1805-1879). Ɗan'uwanta, William Lloyd Garrison Jr. (1838-1909), ya kasance fitaccen mai ba da shawara ga haraji ɗaya, cinikayyar 'yanci, zaɓen mata, da soke dokar keɓancewa ta Sinawa . Wani ɗan'uwa, Wendell Phillips Garrison (1840-1907), shi ne editan adabi na *The Nation* daga 1865 zuwa 1906. Sauran 'yan'uwanta guda biyu su ne George Thompson Garrison da Francis Jackson Garrison, wanda ya rubuta tarihin mahaifinsu kuma an ba shi suna bayan abolitionist Francis Jackson .

## Ayyukan aiki

Yayin da take renon 'ya'yanta, ta gudanar da rayuwar mace ta yau da kullun a cikin auren manya na gargajiya. Bayan da 'ya'yanta suka girma kuma mijinta ya mutu a shekara ta 1900, Fanny Garrison Villard ya zama mai aiki a kungiyoyin zaman lafiya da 'yancin mata.  Ta shiga Ƙungiyar Suffrage ta Amirka tare da Anna Shaw da Carrie Chapman Catt .

A cikin 1914, ta yi yaƙi da yakin duniya na farko a birnin New York .  Bayan nasarar lashe zabe, ta kafa Ƙungiyar Aminci ta Mata a ranar 12 ga Satumba, 1919. Ta kasance wakili a Hague a cikin 1907, kuma a cikin 1921 wakiliyar 'yan'uwa zuwa taron Ƙungiyar Mata ta Duniya don Aminci da 'Yanci . 

Tare da danta Oswald Garrison Villard, ita ce mai haɗin gwiwar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru ta Ƙasa . 

## Rayuwa ta sirri

A cikin Janairu 1866, ta auri Henry Villard (1835-1900) wanda ta hadu da shi a lokacin yakin basasa lokacin da yake wakilin yaki. Daga baya ya zama shugaban Arewacin Pacific Railway .  Tare, sun kasance iyayen: 

* Helen Elise Villard (1868-1917),  wacce ta auri Dr. James William Bell, likitan Ingilishi, a cikin 1897,  kuma ta kasance mara inganci mafi yawan rayuwarta saboda ƙuruciyarta ta faɗo ƙasan lif a Gidan Westmoreland. 
* Harold Garrison Villard (1869-1952),  wanda ya auri Mariquita Serrano (1864-1936), 'yar'uwar Vincent Serrano da 'yar Mary J. Serrano, a cikin 1897. 
* Oswald Garrison Villard (1872-1949),  wanda ya auri Julia Breckenridge Sanford (1876-1962) 
* Henry Hilgard Villard (1883-1890), wanda ya mutu yana matashi.

Fanny Garrison Villard ta mutu a ranar 5 ga Yuli, 1928, tana da shekaru 83, a gidanta, Thorwood Park, a Dobbs Ferry, New York . 

### Zuriya
Ta wurin danta Harold, ita ce kakar Henry Serrano Villard (1900-1996), jami'in sabis na kasashen waje kuma jakada, da Vincent Serrano Villard, da Mariquita Villard Platov. 

Ta wurin danta Oswald, ita ce kakar Dorothea Marshall Villard Hammond (1907-1994),  memba na Jami'ar Amurka a Alkahira, Henry Hilgard Villard (1911-1983), shugaban sashen tattalin arziki a Kwalejin City na New York kuma shugaban namiji na farko na Planned Parenthood na New York City J. (1916-2004), farfesa a injiniyan lantarki a Jami'ar Stanford . 

### Mazauna
A cikin ƙarshen 1870s, Villards sun sayi tsohuwar ƙasa mai suna "Thorwood Park" a Dobbs Ferry, New York . Gidan, wanda ya ƙunshi ra'ayoyi masu ban sha'awa na Kogin Hudson, Charles Follen McKim na McKim, Mead da White ya sake gyara shi a farkon 1880s zuwa ƙayyadaddun Fanny.  

A cikin 1884, Villards sun hayar Joseph M. Wells na kamfanin gine-ginen McKim, Mead da White don tsarawa da gina Gidajen Villard, wanda ya bayyana a matsayin gini ɗaya amma a gaskiya ma gidaje ne daban-daban guda shida. Gidajen suna a 455 Madison Avenue tsakanin titin 50th da 51st a Manhattan, tare da hudu daga cikin gidajen da ke buɗe farfajiyar da ke fuskantar Madison, yayin da sauran biyun ke da mashigai akan titin 51st. Gidajen suna cikin salon Revival na Romanesque tare da taɓawar neo- Renaissance [1] kuma yana fasalta ƙayyadaddun abubuwan ciki ta fitattun masu fasaha ciki har da John La Farge, Augustus Saint-Gaudens, da Maitland Armstrong . [2]

Bayan fatarar Villard, Elisabeth Mills Reid (1857-1931), matar Whitelaw Reid, ma'aikaciyar diflomasiya ce kuma editan *New York Tribune*, da 'yar Darius Ogden Mills da 'yar'uwar Ogden Mills, ta sayi Villard House. 

## Duba kuma

* Jam'iyyar Zaman Lafiyar Mata

## Manazarta

; Bayanan kula

; Tushe

* Marie Louise Degen, *Tarihin Jam'iyyar Zaman Lafiya ta Mata.* Baltimore: Jaridar Johns Hopkins, 1939.
* Oswald Garrison Villard, *Yaƙin Shekaru: Tarihin Rayuwa.* New York: Harcourt, Brace da Co., 1939.

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Fanny Garrison Villard at Find a Grave
* Spartacus article on Fanny Garrison Villard
*