William Spriggs

**William Edward Spriggs** (8 ga Afrilu, 1955 - 6 ga Yuni, 2023) masanin tattalin arziki ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance farfesa a fannin tattalin arziki a Jami'ar Howard, babban masanin tattalin arziƙi na AFL-CIO, kuma Mataimakin Sakataren Ayyuka na Manufofin a cikin gwamnatin Obama daga 2009 zuwa 2012.

Ayyukan Spriggs da bincike sun mayar da hankali kan Nuna bambanci ga ma'aikata, mafi ƙarancin albashi, ka'idojin aiki na kasa da kasa, da daidaito na albashi.[1] Ya goyi bayan tsarin aiki da tattalin arziki mai sassaucin ra'ayi

## Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
An haifi Spriggs a Washington, DC, a ranar 8 ga Afrilu, 1955. Mahaifinsa, Thurman Spriggs, dan wasan Tuskegee Airman ne wanda ke da digiri na biyu a fannin kimiyyar lissafi kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin farfesa. Mahaifiyarsa, Julienne (Henderson) Spriggs, tsohuwar tsohuwar tsohuwa ce ta yakin duniya na biyu kuma malamar makaranta ce. 

Spriggs ya halarci makarantun firamare na jama'a a arewa maso gabas da kudu maso gabas Washington DC a lokaci guda mahaifiyarsa tana kammala karatun kwaleji. Ya shafe yawancin renonsa a Norfolk, Virginia, bayan mahaifinsa ya fara koyarwa a Jami'ar Jihar Norfolk.

Bayan makarantar sakandare, Spriggs ya sami digiri na farko a fannin tattalin arziki da kimiyyar siyasa daga Kwalejin Williams .  Ya ci gaba da zuwa makarantar digiri a kan Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Kasa Minority Graduate Fellowship .  Ya halarci Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison, inda ya sami Master of Arts (1979) da PhD (1984), duka biyu a cikin tattalin arziki. Rubutun digirinsa ya mayar da hankali kan tara dukiya ta Afirka ta Amurka a Virginia tsakanin 1900 da 1914. Ya sami lambar yabo ta Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Kasa ta 1985 saboda aikinsa. A wannan lokacin, ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin co-shugaban Ƙungiyar Malamai ta Amurka ta Local 3220.

## Ayyuka

### Farkon aiki
Spriggs ya kasance mataimakin farfesa na tsawon shekaru biyu a Jami'ar Aikin Gona da Fasaha ta Arewacin Carolina, inda ya koyar da tattalin arziki na gabatarwa. Daga baya ya koma Jami'ar Jihar Norfolk, inda ya kasance darektan shirin girmamawa kuma mataimakin farfesa na gudanarwa na tsawon shekaru shida. 

### Ayyukan ƙungiya da shawarwari
Spriggs ya bar ilimi na ɗan lokaci don neman bincike da bayar da shawarwari, farawa da Cibiyar Manufofin Tattalin Arziki. A can, ya yi nazarin Dangantakar masana'antu, Tarihin aiki, da kuma maye gurbin ma'aikatan yajin aiki. Spriggs ya bar EPI a 1993 don shiga gwamnatin Clinton a matsayin darektan da aka zaba na Hukumar Kula da Ayyuka ta Kasa. Ya shawarci 'yan siyasa kan horo, ilimi, sake yin aiki, da kuma kudade da ci gaban kwalejoji da jami'o'in baƙar fata na tarihi. Ya kuma jagoranci Rahoton Tsarin Bayanan Bayanai na Kasa daga 1993 zuwa 1994.

Spriggs ya shiga Kwamitin Tattalin Arziki na hadin gwiwa a matsayin babban masanin tattalin arziki, yana aiki da 'yan tsiraru na Majalisar Dattijai (sa'an 'Yan Democrat). Ya shawarci 'yan majalisa Kweisi Mfume, Pete Stark, da Sanata Jeff Bingaman. Ya ci gaba da aiki a matsayin tarayya a duk lokacin gwamnatin Clinton, gami da mukamai a Ma'aikatar Kasuwanci ta Tattalin Arziki da Gudanar da Kididdiga ta Amurka da Ofishin Gudanar da Ƙananan Kasuwanci na Amurka na Yarjejeniyar Gwamnati da Ci gaban Kasuwanci.

Gwamnatin Obama ta zabi Spriggs a matsayin mataimakin sakataren manufofi a Ma'aikatar Aiki a watan Yunin 2009. An amince da shi cikin sauƙi ta hanyar kuri'un murya na cikakken Majalisar Dattijai a ranar 21 ga Oktoba, 2009.  A matsayinsa na mataimakin sakataren manufofi, ya ci gaba da jayayya game da aikin da aka tsara da kuma kara goyon baya ga matsakaicin aji. Ya wakilci Amurka a taron Ma'aikatan G-20 a Guadalajara, Mexico kuma ya jagoranci tawagar Amurka zuwa Taron Ma'aikata na Duniya na 101 na Kungiyar Ma'aikata ta Duniya a Switzerland.