Kafofin watsa labarai na roba

**Kafofin watsa labar[[Kirkirar Basira|AI]] na roba** shine abun ciki na dijital a cikin tsarin kafofin watsa labarai daban-daban, gami da rubutu, hoto, da bidiyo, wanda aka samar ta atomatik da wucin gadi ko sarrafawa. Kodayake ba duk kafofin watsa labarai na roba ba ne da aka samar da AI,  sau da yawa yana nufin amfani da AI mai samarwa  don samar da abun ciki, kamar deepfakes,  ta hanyar amfani da hankali na wucin gadi a cikin saitin sigogi na mutum.

Kafofin watsa labarai na roba a matsayin filin ya karu da sauri tun lokacin da aka kirkiro hanyoyin sadarwar adawa, da farko ta hanyar tashiwar deepfakes da kuma kira na kiɗa, tsara rubutu, kira na hoton mutum, kira na magana, da sauransu. Kodayake masana suna amfani da kalmar "kafofin watsa labarai na roba," hanyoyin mutum kamar deepfakes da haɗin rubutu wani lokacin ba a kira su kamar haka ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai amma a maimakon haka ta hanyar kalmomin su (kuma sau da yawa suna amfani da "deepfakes" a matsayin euphemism, misali "deepfake for text"  don tsara ta halitta; "deep fakes for voices" don muryoyin murya na jijiyoyi, da dai sauransu)  Mai mahimmanci ya tashi zuwa fagen kafofin watsa labarai na sintetic da aka ruwaitoci wanda ya fara a shekarar 2017 lokacin da aka ruwa da aka ruwaita na AI da aka ruwa a kan sanannun da aka ruwaitan bidiyo na batsa  Hadarin da ke tattare da kafofin watsa labarai na roba sun haɗa da yaduwar bayanan da ba daidai ba, ƙarin asarar amincewa a cibiyoyin kamar kafofin watsa labarai da gwamnati,  aikin sarrafa kansa na ayyukan kirkira da na jarida da kuma komawa cikin duniyar fantasy da aka samar da AI.  Kafofin watsa labarai na roba wani nau'i ne na tunanin wucin gadi.

## Tarihi

### Kafin shekarun 1950

Tunanin fasahar atomatik ya samo asali ne daga na'urar sarrafa kansa na wayewar Girka ta dā. Kusan shekaru 2000 da suka gabata, injiniyan Hero na Alexandria ya bayyana siffofi da za su iya motsawa da na'urorin wasan kwaikwayo na inji. A cikin ƙarni, zane-zane na inji sun jawo taron jama'a a duk faɗin Turai, China,  Indiya, da sauransu. Sauran sababbin abubuwa na atomatik kamar su "Musikalisches Würfelspiel" na Johann Philipp Kirnberger (Musical Dice Game) 1757 suma sun faranta wa masu sauraro rai.

Duk da damar fasaha na waɗannan injunan, duk da haka, babu wanda zai iya samar da abun ciki na asali kuma ya dogara ne gaba ɗaya akan ƙirar inji.

### Haɓakar hankali na wucin gadi
An haifi filin binciken AI a wani bita a Kwalejin Dartmouth a cikin 1956,  wanda ya haifar da hauhawar ƙididdigar dijital da aka yi amfani da ita azaman matsakaici na fasaha da kuma tasowa na fasaha mai mahimmanci. Gwaje-gwaje na farko a cikin fasahar AI sun haɗa da Illiac Suite, abun da aka tsara a 1957 don kirtani na kirtani wanda aka yarda ya zama kashi na farko da kwamfuta lantarki ta ƙunshi.  Lejaren Hiller, tare da haɗin gwiwar Leonard Issacson, ya tsara kwamfutar ILLIAC I a Jami'ar Illinois a Urbana-Champaign (inda duka mawaƙa biyu furofesoshi ne) don samar da kayan aiki don String Quartet No. 4.

A cikin 1960, mai binciken Rasha R.Kh. Zaripov ya buga takarda ta farko a duniya game da kiɗa na algorithmic ta amfani da kwamfuta ta "Ural-1".

## Manazarta