Kanjamau

**Kwayoyin cutar sida** (da Turanci **HIV**, da Faransanci **VIH**) wacce take nufin cuta mai karya garkuwar jiki,  kuma ana kiranta da suna Kanjamau ko **Sida** a hausance. Kanjamau ciwo ne wanda ake samunta ta sanadiyar mutuwar kwayoyin da ke garkuwar da jikin mutum daga cututtuka. Bin kamuwa da cutar na farko mutum ba zai iya gano alamomin ba, amma zai iya mura na https://www.lafiyata.com.ng/2023/12/hanyoyi-da-yadda-ake-kamuwa-da-cutar.html?m=1 

Cutar kuma zata iya daukar lokacilokaci mai tsawo ba tare da nuna wata alama ba. Da cutar ta cigaba da kafuwa, tana shafar kwayoyin da ke garkuwa da cututtuka a jikin mutum, sai hadarin kamuwa da wasu kananan cututtuka kamar su tibi, da cututtukan daji wadanda ke da wuyan shafar masu kwayoyin garkuwa da cututtuka masu aiki a jikinsu. Wadannan dadaddun alamomi su ake ce da su **kanjamau** (AIDS). A wannan lokaci yawanci na kai ga ramewa.

Kwayoyin cutar sida na yaduwa ta wadannan hanyoyin; jimaí maras tsaro, da ba da jini mali dauke da cutar, yin amfani da allura wanda ke dauke  da cutar da kuma daga mama zuwa jariri yayin da tana da juna biyu ko ta haihuwa ko ta nono (shayarwa). Ruwan jiki kamar su miyau da hawaye ba a samun wannan cutar HIV ta wurinsu ba. Hanyoyin rigakafi sun hada da: jimaí mai tsaro, shirya musayar allura, la da masu dauke da cutar da kuma kaciyar maza. Ana iya magance ciwo daga yara ta hanyar ba su magani mai karfafa kwayoyin garkuwar jiki daga cututtuka tare da uwayensu. Cutar ba ta da magani ko rigakafi, amma akwai magani mai karfafa kwayoyin garkuwar jiki daga cututtuka wanda ke taimaka wajen rage karfin ciwon a jiki, kuma yana kusan warkar da ciwon. Bincike ya nuna mutum zai yi rayuwa na shekaru goma sha daya (11), sai ya mutu idan ba a yi jiyyarsa ba.

A shekara ta 2015, kusan mutum miliyan 36.7 an same su da wannan kwayoyin cutar sida wanda ya kai mutuwar mutum miliyan 1.1. yawancin masu dauke da cutar yan saharancin Afrika ne. Tsakanin ganowarta a shekara ta 2014, kanjamau ta kashe mutum miliyan 39 a duniya duka bisa ga jimilla. Kwayoyin cutar sida da kanjamau muguwar ciwo ne wanda bazuwarta kamar ruwan dare gama gari ne yanzu. An fara samun kwayoyin cutar sida a yammancin tsakar Afrika a karshen karni na sha tara zuwa ashirin, cibiyoyin kula da hana cututtuka (CDC) na Tarayyar Amurka ne sun fara gano ciwon kanjamau a shekarar 1981 da kuma hanyoyin kamuwa da cutar a farkon shekaru da aka gano cutar.
Kwayoyin cutar sida da kanjamau ta yi matukar shafar alúmma a matsayin ciwo da kuma samun dalilin nuna wariya ga masu dauke da wannan kwayar cutan. Wannan ciwon ya matukar shafe tattalin arziki. Akwai rashin fahimta da dama game da kwayoyin cutar sida da kanjamau, kamar na cewa ana iya kamuwa da ciwon ko ba a jimaí ba. Ciwon ya zama abin jayayya hade da addini tare da darikar Katolika na raáyin rashin goyon baya amfani da roba wajen jimaí don tsaro ba. Wannan ya jawo hankalin kungiyar magani na duniya da siyasa da kuma gudumawar kudi masu yawa tun da aka gano cutar a shekara ta 1980.

**Hanyoyin da ake kamuwa da cutar Kanjamau**

### [https://www.lafiyata.com.ng/2023/12/hanyoyi-da-yadda-ake-kamuwa-da-cutar.html?m=1]. Ta hanyar jima'i.
Wannan ita ce babbar hanyar da cutar kanjamau tafi yaduwa, ana iya kamuwa da cutar https://www.lafiyata.com.ng/2023/12/hanyoyi-da-yadda-ake-kamuwa-da-cutar.html?m=1 mutum ya yi jima'i ta kofar farji, dubura ko ta baki da wanda ke dauke da cutar kanjamau. Ƙwayoyin cutar suna shiga a cikin jinin mutum ne yayin jima'i a lokacin da jinin mai dauke da cutar, ko maniyyinsa, ko ruwan farjin mace mai dauke da cutar suka shiga jikin abokin jima'i. Kwayar cutar na iya shiga jikin abokin jima'i ta hanyar dan ƙwasgane ko dan gogewa dake faruwa akan zakari, farji, baki ko dubura yayin jima'i(1).

### 2. Ta hanyar tarayya wajen amfani da abubuwa masu kaifi ko tsini.
Tarayya wajen amfani da gurɓataccen kayan aikin asibiti masu kaifi kamar irinsu allura da sirinji, ko ma wasu abubuwa masu kaifi wadanda bana asibiti ba kamar irinsu reza da wuka da alluran ɗinki, yana jefa mutum cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kanjamau da sauran cututtuka, kamar ciwon hanta(2). Cutar tana yaɗuwa ta wannan hanya ne idan mutum ya soki kansa da tsini ko kaifin da ya taɓa sukan wanda ke dauke da cutar kanjamau.https://www.lafiyata.com.ng/2023/12/hanyoyi-da-yadda-ake-kamuwa-da-cutar.html?m=1

3.Karin jini

4.Uwa na iya gogama yaro ta hanyar haihuwa

## Manazarta