Eliane Morissens

**Eliane Morissens** (10 ga Agusta 1927 - 9 ga Disamba 2006) malamar makaranta ce kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata 'yan ƙasar Belgium. An taso ta a matsayin mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata, kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata ce. Morissens ta yi karatu don zama injiniyan sinadarai, amma an ɗauke ta aiki a matsayin malamar makaranta, domin akwai wasu zaɓuɓɓuka kaɗan ga mata a zamaninta. Ta yi aiki har zuwa matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar makaranta a wata kwalejin fasaha ta lardi amma a shekarar 1977 an hana ta samun matsayi don zama shugabar makarantar. Lokacin da aka nemi ta fito a wani shiri na talabijin game da 'yan madigo, ta yanke shawarar shiga. A lokacin watsa shirye-shiryen, ta bayyana cewa an hana ta matsayi saboda ra'ayinta na madigo. Ta yi tsokaci game da abin mamaki na hukumar makarantar ba ta son sanya 'yar madigo a matsayin mai kula da ɗaliban mata ba, amma ba ta damu da naɗa namiji a matsayin wannan matsayi ba.

An kori Morissens daga aikinta ba tare da albashi ba kwana biyu bayan watsa shirye-shiryen. Hukumar makarantar ta musanta cewa shawarar ta dogara ne da sha'awar jima'i. Hukumar ta yi ikirarin cewa shawarar ta samo asali ne daga rashin da'a na sana'a, tunda ta yi tambaya game da ikonsu a shirin talabijin. Ta nemi kwamitin daukaka kara na lardin ya sake duba shari'ar, wanda ya amince da shawarar a shekarar 1982, amma ya ba ta izinin biyan diyya mai iyaka a lokacin ritaya da wuri. Daga nan ta daukaka kara zuwa Majalisar Jiha, babbar kotu a kasar. A shekarar 1984, kotun ta amince da korar ta kuma ta musanta cewa an keta 'yancinta na fadin albarkacin baki . Halin da take ciki ya zama abin da ya shahara a cikin al'ummar LGBT a duk fadin Turai da Amurka, inda ta samu rahotannin manema labarai na duniya da zanga-zanga. Al'ummar LGBT ta duniya ta tara kudade don amfanin kanta da kudin shari'a, ta yi yakin neman a dawo da ita bakin aiki, ta yi kira ga 'yan majalisa da kungiyoyin malamai, sannan ta ci gaba da zanga-zanga a madadinta.

Saboda jin kunyar da hankalin ƙasashen duniya ya nuna, Jam'iyyar gurguzu ta Flemish ta gabatar da wani mataki a shekarar 1982, wanda ya zartar a shekarar 1985, don soke sashe na 372bis na Dokar Hukuncin Beljium, wanda ya sanya shekarun amincewa da hulɗar luwaɗi mafi girma. A wannan shekarar, Morissens ta shigar da ƙara a Kotun Kare Hakkin Bil Adama ta Turai da ke Strasbourg, Faransa. A shekarar 1988, kotun ta yi watsi da ƙarar da ta shigar, amma ta amince cewa an taƙaita 'yancin faɗin albarkacin baki; duk da haka, sun ga cewa an yi watsi da wannan doka saboda a matsayinta na malamar makaranta an buƙaci ta ci gaba da nuna halin ƙwarewa. Tarayyar Turai ta amince da doka a shekarar 2000, don hana nuna wariya ga aiki bisa ga sha'awar jima'i bayan shawarwarin Kwamitin Harkokin Shari'a na Majalisar Tarayyar Turai, wanda ya sake duba ƙalubalen shari'a na nuna wariya, gami da shari'ar Morissens. Ta mutu a kudancin Faransa a shekarar 2006 kuma ana tunawa da ita da gabatar da batun nuna wariya ga 'yan luwaɗi ga duniya.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Eliane Willie Fernande Morissens a ranar 10 ga Agusta, 1927 a Etterbeek, Belgium.  Tun tana ƙarama, Morissens ta san cewa 'yar madigo ce kuma ba matsala ba ce ga iyayenta. Sun ba ta shawara ta kasance mai zaman kanta kuma ba su matsa mata ta yi aure ba. Mahaifiyarta 'yar madigo ce kuma daga baya Morissens ta ce da kanta idan kai 'yar madigo ce, kai mai ra'ayin mata ne.  Ta yi karatu a matsayin injiniyan sinadarai,  amma ta zaɓi zama malami domin yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan hanyoyin aiki kaɗan da mata ke bi. Ta shiga cikin shirya ƙungiyoyin ƙwadago kuma a farkon shekarun 1950 ta shiga Jam'iyyar Socialist ta Wallonia . Saboda ƙungiyoyin ƙwadago ko masu ra'ayin gurguzu ba su saka mata a cikin mukamai ba, ta matsa wa ƙungiyoyin biyu su ba da damar shigar da mata cikin mukamai na gudanarwa da shugabanci. Morissens ta kasance mai himma a fafutukar yaƙi da danne 'yan sanda da jami'an tsaro. Babu wata ƙungiyar tallafawa 'yan luwaɗi a Wallonia, kuma kaɗan ne kawai a Flanders,  amma ta haɗu da masu fafutukar kare haƙƙin LGBT waɗanda ta bayyana a fili game da sha'awarta ta jima'i. 

## Manazarta