Maurice Gibb

**Maurice Ernest Gibb** (/ˈmɒrɪs/; 22 Disamba 1949 - 12 Janairu 2003) ya kasance mawaƙi da marubucin waƙa na Burtaniya. Ya sami shahara a duniya a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar Bee Gees.  Kodayake ɗan'uwansa Barry Gibb da ɗan'uwan ɗan tagwaye Robin Gibb sune manyan mawaƙan ƙungiyar, yawancin kundin su sun haɗa da akalla ɗaya ko biyu waƙoƙin da ke nuna muryar Maurice, gami da "Lay It on Me", "Country Woman" da "On Time". Bee Gees suna daya daga cikin kungiyoyin pop-rock da suka fi cin nasara a kowane lokaci.

Gibb ya fara aikinsa na kiɗa a 1955 a Manchester, Ingila yana da shekaru biyar ya shiga ƙungiyar skiffle-rock da roll Rattlesnakes,  wanda daga baya ya zama Bee Gees a 1958 bayan ya kwashe shekaru uku a Manchester lokacin da suka koma Ostiraliya.  Sun koma Ingila, inda suka sami shahara a duniya. A shekara ta 2002, an nada Bee Gees a matsayin CBEs don "taimako ga kiɗa". Bayan mutuwar Gibb ba zato ba tsammani a shekara ta 2003, ɗansa ya karɓi kyautarsa a Fadar Buckingham a shekara ta 2004. 

Tasirin kiɗa na farko na Maurice Gibb ya haɗa da Everly Brothers, Cliff Richard, da Paul Anka; Mills Brothers da Beatles sun kasance manyan tasirin daga baya. A lokacin da Bee Gees suka rabu na wucin gadi a shekarar 1969-1970, Maurice ya fitar da wakar sa ta farko, "Railroad", amma ba a sake sakin kundi na farko, The Loner ba.

An haifi Maurice Ernest Gibb a Douglas, Isle of Man,  a ranar 22 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1949, ɗan Hugh Gibb, mai bugawa, da matarsa Barbara (née Pass). Shi ne tagwayen Robin Gibb, kuma shi ne ƙarami daga cikin su biyu da minti 35. A wannan lokacin, yana da 'yar'uwa ɗaya, Lesley, da kuma ɗan'uwa ɗaya mai suna Barry (an haifi wani ɗan'uwa, Andy, a shekara ta 1958).

A watan Janairun 1955, dangin Gibb sun koma garinsu a Manchester, Ingila. A wannan lokacin, iyayensu sun ji Gibb da 'yan uwansa suna jituwa. Har ila yau, a cikin 1955, ya fara aikinsa na kiɗa lokacin da ya shiga ƙungiyar skiffle / rock-and-roll Rattlesnakes tare da 'yan uwansa da abokai biyu, Paul Frost da Kenny Horrocks, waɗanda maƙwabtansu ne. Babban bayyanar kungiyar ta farko ita ce a ranar 28 ga Disamba 1957 lokacin da suka yi a gidan silima na Gaumont inda aka gayyaci yara su raira waƙa tsakanin fina-finai. Sun shirya su raira waƙa tare da rikodin 78 rpm wanda aka ba Lesley a matsayin kyautar Kirsimeti, amma a kan hanyar da Gibb ya sauke ya karya shi, don haka suka raira waƙa kai tsaye. Masu sauraro sun yi farin ciki da waƙoƙin da suka yi, wanda watakila shine waƙar "Wake Up Little Susie" ta Everly Brothers.

## 1958-2003: Bee Gees

### 1958-1969: uku zuwa quintet, rashin Robin da rabuwar wucin gadi
Lokacin da Gibb ke da shekaru takwas, ya yi hijira zuwa Queensland" id="mwbQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Redcliffe, Queensland">Redcliffe, a Queensland, Australia, tare da iyalinsa. Ba da daɗewa ba, shi da 'yan uwansa sun kafa Bee Gees . A watan Janairun 1963, Gibbs sun koma Sydney. Waƙar farko ta ƙungiyar ita ce "The Battle of the Blue and the Grey" amma ta kasa tsarawa. A kusa da 1963, 'yan uwan Gibb sun yi aiki tare da Judy Stone, Johnny Devlin da Jimmy Hannan . A shekara ta 1964, Gibb ya fara fitowa a matsayin mai amfani da kayan aiki a kan "Claustrophobia" mai tasiri. Har ila yau a cikin 1964, 'yan uwan Gibb sun yi aiki tare da Johnny Devlin da Trevor Gordon .  A kusa da 1965, 'yan uwan Gibb sun yi aiki tare da Trevor Gordon, Michelle Rae da Noeleen Batley.

A cikin 1966, 'yan uwan Gibb guda uku sun rubuta waƙoƙinsu na farko, "The Storm". Har ila yau a wannan shekarar, Gibb ya fara aikinsa a matsayin guitarist da bassist na ƙungiyar; a kusan lokaci guda ya rubuta waƙarsa ta farko, "All by Myself", wanda ya kuma buga guitar. A kusa da 1966, 'yan uwan Gibb sun yi aiki tare da Bip Addison, Sandy Summers, Anne Shelton, Vince Melouney, Afrilu Bryon, MPD Ltd, Ray Brown da Whispers, Ronnie Burns, Lori Balmer, Marty Rhone, Vyt, Python Lee Jackson, Dennis Knight, Barrington Davis, Jenene da Jon Blanchfield. Kundin su na biyu, Spicks and Specks (1966), ya haɗa da "Where Are You", rubutun farko na Gibb da za a saki.

A watan Maris na shekara ta 1967, 'yan uwan Gibb sun yi aiki tare da Billy J. Kramer suna yin rikodin "Town of Tuxley Toymaker, Sashe na 1". A lokaci guda, Colin Petersen da Vince Melouney sun shiga Bee Gees. A tsakiyar shekara ta 1967 aka saki *Bee Gees na farko*. Masu sukar sun yaba da kundin wadanda suka kwatanta shi da *Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band* na Beatles wanda aka saki makonni da suka gabata. AllMusic's Bruce Eder ya rubuta cewa Gibb's Mellotron a kan "Kowane Mutumin Zaki na Kirista zai nuna maka" 'yana kusa da ruhun Moody Blues kuma an buɗe shi da waƙar Gregorian.'  An saki lambar farko ta ƙungiyar a Burtaniya, "Massachusetts" a watan Satumbar 1967. A farkon 1968, an saki Horizontal. A watan Agustan 1968, Marbles sun fitar da waƙoƙin farko da suka yi nasara "Kawai Mace Ɗaya" waƙar da Gibb ya rubuta. A tsakiyar shekara ta 1968, ƙungiyar ta uku ta duniya ta LP Idea ta haɗa da waƙar "Kitty Can", wanda ke nuna babbar muryar Gibb, tare da Barry Gibb yana raira waƙar ƙaramar jituwa. A farkon 1969, sun fito da *Odessa*, wanda ke nuna waƙoƙin Gibb a kan "Suddenly" da "I Laugh in Your Face". A ranar 19 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1969, a ranar da Robin Gibb ya sanar da shirye-shiryensa a matsayin mai zane-zane, Gibb da abokan aikinsa sun rubuta kuma daga baya suka saki "Gobe".

## manazarta