Chakaia Booker

**Chakaia Booker** (an haife shi a shekara ta 1953) wani mai sassaka ne ɗan ƙasar Amurka wanda aka sani da ƙirƙirar manyan ayyuka masu ban mamaki don gallery da kuma wuraren jama'a na waje. Ayyukan Booker suna cikin tarin jama'a sama da 40 kuma an nuna su a faɗin Amurka, Turai, Afirka, da Asiya. An haɗa Booker a cikin bikin Whitney Biennial na 2000, ya sami Guggenheim Fellowship a shekara ta 2005, da kuma kyautar American Academy of Arts and Letters Award for Art a shekara ta 2001. Booker ya zauna kuma ya yi aiki a East Village na birnin New York tun farkon shekarun 1980 kuma yana kula da ɗakin shirye-shirye a Allentown, Pennsylvania .

Booker ta fi shahara da kirkire-kirkire da kuma amfani da tayoyin roba da aka sake yin amfani da su, babban kayan aikinta na sassaka. Rubber ta bai wa Booker damar yin aiki a cikin tsari mai tsari mai girma tare da kiyaye motsi mai ruwa da kuma yanayin motsin jiki. A tsawon aikinta, Booker ta ci gaba da amfani da bakin karfe da yadi don ƙirƙirar ayyukan sassaka ban da tayoyin roba.

A shekarar 2009, Booker ta fara bincike mai zurfi kan yin bugu, inda ta samar da ayyuka masu mahimmanci na zane-zane, waɗanda suka fi mayar da hankali kan tsarin kwalejin China. Hanyar da Booker ta bi wajen yin bugu tana kama da hanyoyin aikinta na sassaka. Yin bugu ya zama wani ɓangare na ayyukan fasaha na Booker, kuma kamar yadda take amfani da roba, Booker ta ƙirƙiro hanyoyi na musamman na sarrafa kayan aiki da hanyoyin aiki.

## Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Booker a shekarar 1953 a Newark, New Jersey . An girma ta a makwabciyarta East Orange, New Jersey, inda ta koyi dinki daga kakarta, goggonta, da 'yar uwarta. Gyara, gyara, da sarrafa kayan aiki tun tana ƙarama ya zama ginshiƙi ga tsarin da Booker ya bi daga baya na zane-zane, tukwane, da sassaka, musamman ta hanyar amfani da tsari, maimaitawa, da kuma ginawa mai tsari.

Booker ta sami digirin BA a fannin ilimin zamantakewa daga Jami'ar Rutgers a shekarar 1976 da kuma digirin MFA daga Kwalejin City ta New York  a shekarar 1993. Ta yi karatun rawa ta Afirka, tukwane, saka, kwandon kwando, da kuma tai chi, duk waɗannan sun yi tasiri ga fasaharta. 

Ta zauna kuma ta yi aiki a East Village na birnin New York tun farkon shekarun 1980. A shekarun 1990, ta fara aiki da kayan gini da aka yi watsi da su da tayoyin roba, waɗanda suka rikide zuwa salon fasaha. Tana da ɗakin shirya fina-finai a Allentown, Pennsylvania don ƙera manyan ayyuka da na jama'a. Booker ta yi aiki a kwamitin gudanarwa na Cibiyar Zane-zane ta Duniya da kuma Wurin Shakatawa na Socrates .

## Sana'a

Tun daga shekarun 1980, Booker ta ƙirƙiri sassaka masu sawa waɗanda za ta iya sanya kanta a ciki ta yi amfani da su a matsayin tufafi. "Sassaka tufafin da ake sawa yana nufin samun kuzari da jin daɗi daga ƙirar da ake so."  A farkon shekarun 1990, Booker ta fara ƙirƙirar manyan sassaka na waje daga kayan da aka zubar da su da aka samu a wuraren gini, gami da tayoyin roba, wani abu da take ci gaba da aiki a ciki. Tsarin tayoyin, launuka, da faɗi daban-daban suna haifar da palette ga Booker kamar palet ɗin mai zane. Amfani da tayoyin Booker na nuna damuwa iri-iri na kyau, siyasa, al'adu, da tattalin arziki. Ana iya ɗaukar su a matsayin nuni ga yanayin birni na Arewacin New Jersey  ko tunatarwa game da yadda hanyoyin sufuri suka canza tun zamanin masana'antu .  Hakanan ana iya ɗaukar sassaka na taya don magance asalin Ba'amurken Ba'amurke : launuka daban-daban da laushinsu ana iya fassara su a matsayin wakilcin launukan fatar Ba'amurken Ba'amurke,  kuma an ɗauki juriyarsu a matsayin "misali mai ban sha'awa na rayuwar Ba'amurken Ba'amurke a duniyar zamani."  Tsarin tayoyin da ke cikin aikinta na iya nufin abubuwan da suka shafi al'adun Afirka, gami da tabo, fenti jiki, da yadi na gargajiya. 

Aikin Booker ya kuma yi magana game da jigogi na aji, aiki, dorewa, da jinsi. Littafin Booker mai suna "Echoes in Black (Industrial Cicatrization)" na Whitney Biennial na 2000 ya yi magana game da raunin motsin rai da na jiki da mutane ke fuskanta a rayuwa. Littafinta mai suna "No More Milk and Cookies" na 2003 "ya yi tambaya game da al'ummarmu da ke jagorantar kasuwanci da abin da ke faruwa idan aka haramta amfani da shi."  A cikin "The Urgent and Resonance of Chakaia Booker," "Misali, littafin "It's So Hard To Be Green" (2000), wanda aka haɗa da roba da itace, yana da tarin laushi da tendrils, kulli da curls," yana ɗaga daraja zuwa ga abin da za a iya ɗauka a matsayin yadda dorewa take da wahala a kiyaye.  Hakazalika, littafinta mai suna "Wonder" yana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwa da yawa da ke aiki don wakiltar dorewa wanda ke magana game da mahimmancin muhalli da muhalli da kuma manufar Booker ta nuna wa masu sauraronta, daga "Artist Chakaia Booker Gives Tares a Powerful Retread."  Booker ba ta tsaya kawai kan sake amfani da tayoyi daga garinsu da abin da ta samu ba, har ma ta fara nemo su kai tsaye daga kasuwancin da ba su da amfani ga tsoffin tayoyi da aka yi amfani da su, wanda ya haɗa da "Michelin, wanda ke aika mata da tayoyi da aka yi amfani da su daga motocin tsere da babura" kamar yadda aka ambata a cikin "Ga Chakaia Booker, Wanda Matsakaicin Tayoyi Ne, Fasahar Tana Cikin Tafiya."  Aruna D'Souza, a kan "Yadda Mai Zane Chakaia Booker Ya Juya Tayoyin Mota Zuwa Canzawa," ya yi aiki mai kyau wajen kwatanta alaƙar da ke tsakanin tayoyi da aka sake yin amfani da su don ƙirƙirar shigarwar Booker. Abin mamaki, tayoyi kuma suna da alaƙa da aikin mota mai lanƙwasa baya kuma suna zuwa cikakken zagaye game da yadda tayoyi marasa dorewa ke zama bayan amfani.  Misali, aikin Booker na 2001 "Wench (Wrench) III" wani sassaka ne mai ban mamaki wanda ke canza makunnin makaniki na maza zuwa boa na gashin fuka-fukai na mata . Wannan waƙar "Spirit Hunter" tana tunatar da hotunan rayuwa da mutuwa, da kuma tsarin mata na haihuwa da jima'i. 

## Ayyuka da nunin faifai
Chakaia Booker a halin yanzu tana aiki kuma tana zaune a birnin New York . Ayyukanta wani ɓangare ne na tarin kayan tarihi na dindindin a Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan, Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Akron, Gidan Tarihi na Johnson na Jami'ar Cornell, Gidan Tarihi na Max Protetch da June Kelly a New York, da sauransu. Ta halarci nunin rukuni da na kaɗaici a wurare kamar Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Neuberger, Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Akron, Gidan Tarihi na Marlborough, Gidan Tarihi na Sandler Hudson da ke Atlanta, Georgia, da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Zamani ta PS 1 a Queens, da kuma a baje kolin "Siffofin Zane na Amurka na ƙarni na Twentieth Century" da aka gudanar a Fadar White House a 1996.

A ranar 22 ga Yuni, 2008, Booker ta gabatar da "Chaikaia Booker: Mass Transit" a Indianapolis, Indiana . Wannan baje kolin fasaha na jama'a ya ƙunshi sassaka guda 10 "wanda mai zane ya ƙirƙira bayan ziyararta zuwa Indianapolis da kuma bincikenta kan tarihin birnin da gadonsa."

Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa na Mata a Fannin Fasaha ya nuna ayyukanta a cikin Aikin Zane na Hanyar New York (2012), FOREFRONT: Chakaia Booker (2006), da Reaching for the Stars through Art (1998).  Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Georgia da ke Athens, GA shi ma ya nuna ayyukanta a wani baje kolin mai taken Defiant Beauty, wanda aka nuna daga Afrilu 2012 zuwa 2013.  An kuma nuna wasu daga cikin ayyukanta a Gundumar Tufafi ta Birnin New York daga Yuni zuwa Nuwamba 2014 da 2024.  

Booker yana ɗaya daga cikin masu fasaha tara na zamani waɗanda aka nuna a Gidan Tarihi na Renwick Gallery 's Wonder Gallery a Gidan Tarihi na Smithsonian American Art Museum da ke Washington DC  An nuna sassaken da aka nuna shi ne "It's So Hard to be Green," wanda aka kuma nuna shi a Gidan Tarihi na Whitney Biennial na 2000.  An nuna sassaken Booker *Matsayin da aka fi so* a Gidan Tarihi na McNay a 2020. 

A watan Mayun 2021, baje kolin ta "Chakaia Booker: The Observance" ya fara bayyana a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Zamani da ke Miami .  A shekarar 2021, Oklahoma Contemporary ta nuna baje kolin ta na *Shaved Partions* . 

A tsakanin 2025-2026, an nuna baje kolin ta mai taken "Chakaia Booker: Treading New Ground" a National Gallery of Art da ke Washington, DC 

## Ayyuka masu mahimmanci a cikin tarin jama'a
 

## Kyaututtuka, kwamitocin, da wuraren zama

### Zaɓaɓɓun kyaututtuka da wuraren zama

* Kyautar Kyau a Fasahar Jama'a, Kiyaye Indianapolis Kyau, Indianapolis, 2008
* Ƙungiyar Fasaha ta Fine, Gidauniyar Tunawa da John Simon Guggenheim, Birnin New York, 2005
* Kyautar Zane, Hukumar Fasaha ta Birnin New York, Birnin New York, 2005
* Grant, Gidauniyar Pollock-Krasner, Birnin New York, 2002
* Kyautar Fasaha da Wasiku, Kwalejin Fasaha da Wasiku, Birnin New York, 2001
* Kyautar Grant, Anonymous Was A Woman Award, Birnin New York, 2000
* Haɗawa a cikin Whitney Biennial, Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Fasaha ta Amurka, Birnin New York, 2000
* Kyauta, Johnnie L. Cochran, Jr. Asusun Fasaha, Birnin New York, 1999
* Gregory Millard Fellow: Zane-zane, Gidauniyar Fasaha ta New York, Birnin New York, 1997
* Gidauniyar Joan Mitchell, Masu Zane da Masu Zane Grant, Birnin New York, 1995
* Mai Zane-zane a Gida, Gidan Tarihi na Studio a Harlem, Birnin New York, 1995
* Hukumar, Shirin Fasaha na NASA, Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa na Mata a Fasahohi, Washington, DC, 1994
* Kyautar Therese Ralston McCabe Connor, Kwalejin City ta New York, Birnin New York, 1992
* Grant, Artists Space, Birnin New York, 1988

### Kwamitocin da aka zaɓa

* Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa na Tarihi da Al'adun Baƙar fata na Amurka, Washington, DC, 2016
* Millennium Park, Chicago, 2016
* Gidan Tarihi na Renwick, Washington, DC, 2015
* Cibiyar Tarihi ta Weeksville, Brooklyn, 2013

## Manazarta