André Meyer

**André Benoît Mathieu Meyer** (3 ga Satumba, 1898 - 9 ga Satumba, 1979) ɗan asalin ƙasar Faransa ne kuma ɗan asalin Amurka .

## Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Meyer a cikin dangin Yahudawa masu ƙarancin kuɗi a Paris .  Tun yana yaro, ya fara bin diddigin yadda kasuwar hannayen jari ke aiki kuma saboda larura ya bar makaranta yana da shekaru goma sha shida don yin aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin aika saƙo a Paris Bourse. Mai kwazo, ya yi amfani da lokacinsa don nazarin sarkakiyar cinikin hannayen jari kuma saboda ƙarancin ma'aikata da matasa Faransa da yawa suka haifar a aikin soja a Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, ya sami damar samun aiki a Baur & Fils, wani ƙaramin bankin Paris. A shekarar 1925, aikinsa da bankin ya sa Raymond Philippe ya lura da shi, wanda ya shirya masa tayin daga manyan bankunan saka hannun jari Lazard Frères . Cikin 'yan shekaru Meyer ya zama abokin tarayya, ya maye gurbin Raymond Philippe.

A Lazard, André Meyer ya kafa kamfanin SOVAC ( *Societé pour la Vente à Crédit d'Automobiles* ), wani kamfanin kuɗi wanda a ƙarshen shekarun 2000 ya gabatar da manufar ba da kuɗaɗen mota ga masu amfani. Wannan ya sa Lazard Frères ya zama babban mai tasiri a fannin ba da lamuni ga masu amfani da kayayyaki da kuma hayar kayayyaki. Haka kuma, daga 1927, wanda ya wakilci Lazard tare da Paul Frantzen da Raymond Philippe, an zaɓe André Meyer a matsayin Hukumar Daraktocin kamfanin kera motoci na Citroën da ya gaza. Sun ɗauki nauyin kuɗaɗen kamfani da rage yawan kuɗaɗen aiki yayin da suka tsara tsarin sake fasalin kuɗi wanda ya ceci kamfanin daga rushewa. Saboda hidimarsa ga tattalin arzikin Faransa, gwamnati ta ba shi kyautar Legion of Honor .

Yana da aure da 'ya'ya biyu, Meyer, wanda Bayahude ne, kuma iyalansa sun tilasta wa barin Faransa bayan mamayar Nazi a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu . Ya zo ofishin Lazard Frères na Birnin New York tare da Shugaba Pierre David-Weill (1900–1975) kuma bayan 'yantar da Sojojin Haɗin gwiwa a 1944 David-Weill ya koma Faransa kuma aka naɗa Meyer shugaban ayyukan Amurka, matsayin da zai riƙe har tsawon rayuwarsa.

André Meyer, wanda David Rockefeller ya kira "mafi hazaka a fannin kuɗi a zamaninmu a duniyar saka hannun jari", ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan mutane a harkokin kasuwancin Amurka tare da tasiri da ya yaɗu a faɗin duniya. Wanda aka fi sani da "Picasso na Banki," ya gabatar da sabbin dabarun kuɗaɗen shiga ga harkokin kasuwancin Amurka bayan Yaƙin Duniya. A shekarun 1960, Meyer ne ya ɗauki nauyin sanya Lazard Frères a matsayin babban kamfanin haɗaka da siye-siye (M&A) a Amurka. Ya haɗa yarjejeniyoyi masu yawa ta hanyar siyan kaya ga kamfanoni kamar International Phone & Telegraph Company (ITT) waɗanda suka girma suka zama kamfani na tara mafi girma a masana'antu a Amurka.

Duk da cewa shi da kansa yana jin kunyar tallatawa, André Meyer ya kasance mai ba da shawara ga iyalan Kennedy kuma aboki ne na tsawon rai kuma mai ba da shawara ga Jackie Onassis . Aboki ne kuma mai ba da shawara ga wasu manyan mutane kamar William S. Paley a CBS da Katharine Graham a *The Washington Post* . Hakanan ya kasance amintaccen Shugaba Lyndon Johnson na Amurka, yana ba da shawara a Ofishin Oval sau da yawa a shekara a lokacin mulkin Johnson.

A matsayinsa na mai tattara kayan fasaha, tarin kayan Meyer masu ban sha'awa sun haɗa da zane-zanen Claude Monet, Marc Chagall, da Pablo Picasso, sassaka, kayan daki na Louis XIV, da kuma waƙoƙin asali. A shekarar 1961, ya ba Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani da ke New York zane-zane, ciki har da wani babban aikin da Paul Cézanne ya yi. Bayan rasuwarsa, Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan ya sami tarin kayan fasaha na Turai na ƙarni na 19. Tarin waƙoƙinsa ya fara ne da ayyukan Georg Muffat da Jean-Philippe Rameau, kuma ya faɗaɗa zuwa ga zane-zanen Georg Frideric Handel, François Couperin, Antonio Vivaldi, Vincent Lübeck, Jean-Baptiste Lully, Christoph Willibald Gluck, wani zane-zanen Ludwig van Beethoven mallakar Frédéric Chopin, Igor Stravinsky, Arnold Schoenberg, Johann Kuhnau, Domenico Scarlatti, Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, Johann Christian Bach, da Carl Friedrich Abel . Lokacin da Sotheby's ya sayar da tarin nasa a ranakun 16 da 17 ga Oktoba, 2012, sun lura cewa tarin ya ƙunshi kyawawan maki na ƙarni na 16 da 17 da mawaƙa waɗanda ba kasafai ake samun rubuce-rubucensu a gwanjo ba, waɗanda suka haɗa da Orlande de Lassus, Claudio Monteverdi, Jacques Arcadelt, Cristóbal de Morales, Luca Marenzio, Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, Marco da Gagliano, Girolamo Frescobaldi, Jacopo Peri & Ottavio Rinuccini, da Antonio Cesti, da sauransu. 

André Meyer ya kula da gidan hutu a Crans-sur-Sierre, Valais, Switzerland, kuma yayin da yake can a lokacin bazara na 1979, ya yi rashin lafiya. Ya mutu sakamakon matsalolin kwararar jini a Asibitin Nestlé da ke Lausanne,  kuma an binne shi kusa da abokinsa na kud da kud kuma abokin kasuwancinsa Pierre David-Weill a sashen Yahudawa na Makabartar Montparnasse a cikin Montparnasse Quarter na Paris, Faransa.

## Gado
Felix Rohatyn ya yaba wa Meyer a matsayin mai ba shi shawara. Rohatyn ya yi ikirarin cewa ja-gorar Meyer da shawarwarinsa sun sa ya yiwu a Lazard ya yi nasara. 

## Manazarta