Balgis Osman-Elasha

**Balgis Osman-Elasha** masaniya ce a fannin kimiyar yanayi 'yar ƙasar Sudan cee wacce ta yi nazari kan illolin sauyin yanayi a Afirka tare da inganta ci gaba mai ɗorewa da daidaita canjin yanayi. Ita ce ta jagoranci marubuta kan rahoton kimantawa na huɗu na IPCC (IPCC Fourth Assessment Report) wanda ya sami lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya kan Canjin Yanayi, kuma an ba ta lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta shekarar 2008.

## Sana'a
Osman-Elasha ƙwararriya ce kan sauyin yanayi kuma ƙwararriya a bankin raya Afirka tun daga shekarar 2009.   Ta bayyana mummunan tasirin sauyin yanayi a Afirka, musamman a yankin Horn of Africa; inganta canjin yanayi; sannan ta yi nuni da irin gudumuwar da ƙasashe masu ci gaban masana'antu ke bayarwa ga sauyin yanayi.  Ta lura cewa mutanen da aka ware, da mata, musamman, suna fuskantar mummunar illar canjin yanayi, saboda dogaro da albarkatun ƙasa da ake yi wa barazana kuma saboda talauci yana iyakance ikonsu na daidaitawa.  

Osman-Elasha ta fara aikinta na aikin gandun daji a Sudan's Forest National Corporation a shekarun 1980.  Ayyukanta na haɓakar Fuelwood da Makamashi ya jaddada gandun daji na al'umma, kiyaye man fetur, da kuma kula da gandun daji mai dorewa. A wani ɓangare na wannan aikin, tawagarta sun rarraba ingantattun tantunan dafa abinci don rage amfani da itace. Ta yaba da wannan aikin da ya gabatar mata da yanayin sauyin yanayi da ake fuskanta a yankunan karkarar Sudan, da kuma matsalolin da al'ummomin karkara ke fuskanta. 

Osman-Elasha ta fara aikinta na sauyin yanayi a matsayin mai bincike a sashin sauyin yanayi a babbar majalisar muhalli da albarkatun ƙasa ta Sudan.  Ayyukan da ta yi a wurin sun haɗa da gudanar da nazarin iskar gas, wanda ya sa ta fahimci alakar da ke tsakanin hauhawar iskar gas da sare itatuwa a Sudan.   Binciken da ta yi a can ya yi magana game da raunin sauyin yanayi da kuma daidaitawa a yankunan da ke fama da fari. 

Osman-Elasha memba ce  ta Kwamitin Gwamnati kan Canjin Yanayi kuma ta kasance babbar marubuciya a kan Rahoton Bincike na huɗu na IPCC. Ta halarci bikin bayar da Kyautar Nobel a matsayin wakilin IPCC lokacin da aka bata kungiyar Kyautar Nobel ta zaman lafiya ta 2007 don wannan aikin.

Osman-Elasha ta sami lambar yabo ta gasar cin kofin duniya ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a shekara ta 2008.  An ba da lambar yabo ta "Ƙaddamar da Dokta Osman-Elasha ta mayar da hankali kan dumamar yanayi da daidaitawa a Sudan yana da matukar muhimmanci idan aka yi la'akari da dangantakar da ke tsakanin sauyin yanayi da rikice-rikice a ƙasar" sannan ta amince da aikinta na ilmantar da ɗaliban jami'a game da sauyin yanayi.

## Rayuwa ta sirri
Osman-Elasha 'yar Sudan ce.   Mahaifinta ya yi aiki a banki da gidan abinci a Khartoum.  Tana da 'ya'ya goma. 

Ta halarci Jami'ar Khartoum a shekarun 1980, lokacin da ɗalibai mata kaɗan ne.  Ta yi digirin digirgir a fannin noma da gandun daji, digiri na biyu a fannin kimiyyar muhalli, da digirin digirgir a fannin kimiyyar gandun daji. 

Osman-Elasha tana da aure kuma tana da ’ya’ya uku.

## Zaɓaɓɓun wallafe-wallafen

* Elasha, Balgis (2012-04-17). "In the shadow of climate change". UN Chronicle. 46 (4): 54–55 https://doi.org/10.18356/5d941c92-en
* Elasha, B. O. (2010). Mapping of climate change threats and human development impacts in the Arab region. UNDP Arab Development Report–Research Paper Series, UNDP Regiona Bureau for the Arab States. https://arab-hdr.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/paper02-en.pdf 
* Nyong, A., Adesina, F. & Osman Elasha, B. (2007). The value of indigenous knowledge in climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies in the African Sahel. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 12, 787–797. 
* Osman-Elasha, B., Goutbi, N., Spanger-Siegfried, E., Dougherty, B., Hanafi, A., Zakieldeen, S., ... & Elhassan, H. M. (2006). Adaptation strategies to increase human resilience against climate variability and change: Lessons from the arid regions of Sudan. Assessments of impacts and adaptations to climate change (AIACC) working paper, 42. http://www.start.org/Projects/AIACC_Project/working_papers/Working%20Papers/AIACC_WP42_Osman.pdf 
* Elasha, B. O., Elhassan, N. G., Ahmed, H., & Zakieldin, S. (2005). Sustainable livelihood approach for assessing community resilience to climate change: case studies from Sudan. Assessments of impacts and adaptations to climate change (AIACC) working paper, 17.

## Manazarta