Olaf Pedersen

**Olaf Pedersen** (8 ga Afrilu 1920 - 3 ga Disamba 1997) masanin tarihin kimiyya ne na Danish wanda ya kasance "shugaban iko a kan ilimin taurari a zamanin d ̄ a da Latin tsakiyar zamanai".

Pedersen ya kasance mai aiki a cikin mujallar Centaurus, Gidan Tarihi na Steno, Ƙungiyar Tarihi da Falsafar Kimiyya ta Duniya, da Kwalejin Tarihin Kimiyya ta Kasa da Kasa.

## Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Olaf Pedersen a Egtved, Jutland, Denmark . A Jami'ar Copenhagen ya yi karatu a cibiyar Niels Bohr, ya kammala a 1943 lokacin da sojojin Jamus suka mamaye kasar. Ya fara aikin koyarwarsa a Randers, Jutland, yana koyar da kimiyyar lissafi. Ya shiga karatun ilimi yana nazarin falsafar da tarihin ra'ayoyi. Bayan yakin ya yi karatu tare da Etienne Gilson a Paris. Da ya dawo Denmark, ya sami digiri na biyu don aiki a kan Nicole Oresme a 1956, lokacin da ya zama malami a Jami'ar Aarhus.

A cikin 1965 an kafa sashen Tarihin kimiyya a Aarhus. "Ma'aikatan sashen, gami da Pedersen, sun koyar da kimiyya da tarihin kimiyya, kuma kodayake wannan ya narkar da bincikensu ya sa su ci gaba da hulɗa da kimiyya kuma su ci gaba le amincewarsu tsakanin abokan aikin kimiyya. " [1] A cikin 1967 Pedersen ya zama farfesa a wannan sashen

Bayan an yi masa tiyata a zuciyarsa, Olaf Pedersen ya mutu a ranar 3 ga Disamba, 1997.

## Ayyuka

### Oresme
A cikin 1956 gidan wallafe-wallafen Munksgaard ya ba da shafi 290 don *Acta historica scientariarum naturalium et medicinalium* (volume # 13) a kan Nicole Oresme: Nicole Oresm og hans naturfilosofiske system: a cikin underogelse af hans skrift "Littafin sama da duniya".

### ''Farko na Physics da Astronomy''
A shekara ta 1974 Pedersen ya haɗu da Pihl Mogens don rubuta Early Physics and Astronomy: A Historical Introduction inda suka yi hasashe game da fassarar Latin na *Almagest* na Ptolemy ta Boethius wanda ya ɓace: "Idan an kiyaye shi, ba za a tilasta ilimin tauraron Latin ya fara da jinkiri fiye da shekaru 700 ba. " (shafi na 188) Mai bita George Saliba ya ce, "Wani zai fi son irin waɗannan maganganun ba a rubuta su ba, domin suna tunani game da hangen nesa na tarihi wanda ke sa ci gaban kimiyya ya dogara da irin waɗannan haɗari "...

Pedersen ya kuma buga An Survey of the Almagest (1974).

### ''Jami'o'i na farko''
Pedersen ya bayyana yadda ya dauka a Tarihin jami'o'in Turai a cikin *Jami'o'i na farko* (1997),  wanda ya sami sake dubawa da yawa:

DR Jones ya ba da bita mai kyau: [Pedersen] "ya haɓaka bayani mai rikitarwa game da yanayin jami'ar, idan ba ka'idar haifar da hakan ba. Jami'o'insa na farko an tsara su ne ta hanyar haɗakar buƙatun batun, hanyoyin koyarwa, hanyoyin shari'a da ƙungiyoyi, da bukatun al'umma da jihar".  Ian P. Wei ya ba littafin bita mai ban sha'awa, yana kiransa "a ce ta hanyar da ƙwarewar ƙwarewar ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodin jama'a kawai ga manyan abubuwan da za a iya fahimta.

A gefe guda, Ruth Karras ta rubuta, "wannan littafi ya fara, ba a matsayin tarihin jami'o'i ba, amma a matsayin tarihin ilmantarwa. "  Ra'ayinta shine cewa "ra'ayi mafi daidaituwa ga masu zamani da wadanda ba masu ƙwarewa ba" an bayar da shi ta hanyar girma ɗaya na *Tarihin Jami'ar a Turai* (1992), wanda Hilde Ridder-Symoens ya shirya. Marcia L. Colish ta bayyana littafin  a matsayin "wani zane-zane mai zurfi game da abin da jami'o'i suka koyar da shi a zahiri. Ya jaddada kungiyar, ba abinda ke cikin ilimi ba. " Colish ya sami Pedersen yana iya "maimaitawa da haɗuwa da kuskuren gaskiya kwanan nan saboda binnewar da suka cancanta. " Ta ba da shawarar wasu, mafi aminci, hukumomi.

H. E. J. Cowdrey ya ba da bita mai ma'ana: "Wataƙila surori masu mahimmanci na littafin sune waɗanda suka shafi gadon gargajiya na ilimi mafi girma na zamani da kuma sauyawa daga kimiyya ta dā zuwa ilmantarwa ta monistic. " A gefe guda, Cowdrey ta lura da "adadin kurakurai na gaskiya", "an ba da kulawa sosai ga batutuwa marasa mahimmanci", kuma "an ɗauki ɗan lissafi kaɗan daga aikin ilimi da aka buga tun farkon shekarun 1970s". 

## Labarai

## Manazarta

* Olaf Pedersen (1992) The Book of Nature, Vatican Observatory Publications  , wanda Jami'ar Notre Dame Press ta rarraba.