Fanny Duberly

**Frances Isabella Duberly** (27 ga Satumba 1829 - 19 ga Nuwamba 1902) marubuciya ce 'yar Ingila wacce ta rubuta mujallar abubuwan da suka faru a yakin neman zabe a yakin Crimea da kuma tawayen Indiya na 1857. Mijinta, Kyaftin Henry Duberly, shi ne shugaban Hussars na Royal Irish na 8, wani ɓangare na sojojin Birtaniya masu sauƙi waɗanda suka shiga cikin rundunar sojojin haske . An buga mujallar Duberly ta lokacinta a Crimea a matsayin *Mujallar da aka Keɓe a Lokacin Yaƙin Rasha* (1856). Ba wai kawai ta ƙunshi labaran shaidu ba, har ma da rikodin jita-jita da jita-jita da ke yawo a cikin Rundunar Sojojin Burtaniya .

## Tarihin farko
An haifi Frances Isabella Locke a Devizes da ke Wiltshire a shekarar 1829, 'yar ma'aikacin banki kuma ɗan siyasa Wadham Locke (1779–1835) da Anna Maria Selina, *<nowiki/>'yar* Powell (1783–1838).  Bayan mutuwar mahaifiyarta ta koma zama tare da babban ɗan'uwanta (wanda shi ma Wadham Locke ne) a Ashton Gifford House, Wiltshire. Ta bar Ashton Gifford a aurenta da Henry Duberly (1822–1890) a shekarar 1845, wanda ya faru jim kaɗan bayan ɗan'uwanta ya sake yin aure a karo na biyu.

## Crimea
Duberly ta yi tafiya tare da mijinta zuwa Crimea a shekarar 1854 kuma ta zauna tare da shi tsawon lokacin da yake a can, duk da zanga-zangar kwamandoji kamar Lord Lucan . A matsayinta na matar jami'i daya tilo a gaba, ita ce cibiyar kulawa. An bayyana ta a matsayin "mai hayar mota mai kyau, mai wayo, mai kwazo, mai jarumtaka, mai rai, mai son jama'a da kuma mai son jama'a", [ 2 ] da alama tana da bukatun jiki da kuma halin da ake bukata a kewayenta, tana rubuta jim kadan bayan ta isa Varna, a Bulgaria, a kan hanyarta ta zuwa Crimea cewa "reveillée ya tashe ta da karfe biyu da rabi; ta tashi, ta cika kayan kwanciya da tanti, ta sami kwai da aka daskare da kuma bakin giya sannan ta kasance a kan sirdina da karfe biyar da rabi da rabi." [ 3 ] An gaya mata game da shirin kai hare-hare kafin lokaci, wanda ya ba ta damar kasancewa a cikin kyakkyawan matsayi don shaida su. Haka lamarin ya kasance a Yaƙin Balaclava, inda tafiyarta daga sansani don saduwa da Henry da kuma kallon yakin ya kai ta kusa da abokan gaba. [ 4 ] Duk da cewa mijinta ya tsira daga wannan rana, da yawa daga cikin abokanta ba su yi ba: "Har ma da idanuna da aka rufe sun cika da farin jini." [ 5 ] Kasancewarta kusa da layin gaba a ɗaya daga cikin yaƙe-yaƙe na farko na "zamani", Mrs Duberly ta bambanta da yawancin 'yan ƙasarta a gida wajen fahimtar gaskiyar yaƙi. Lokacin da mijinta ya tambaye ta ko tana son ganin bayan Yaƙin Inkerman, ta gaya masa cewa ba za ta iya ba domin "tunanin hakan ya sa ni rawar jiki na yi rashin lafiya." [ 6 ]

Kasadar Duberly ba koyaushe take faranta wa al'umma rai ba: kasancewar mace mai matsakaicin matsayi a wurin da aka yi yaƙe-yaƙe ana ɗaukarta a matsayin marar tausayi da rashin tausayi, kuma labaranta game da sojojin da aka ɗauka a matsayin marasa tausayi da rashin tausayi.  An yi mata kallon rashin jin daɗin bita na Royal na rundunar mijinta bayan yaƙin. An yi niyyar mujallar da ta buga bayan yaƙin ne don ta sadaukar da kanta ga Sarauniya Victoria, amma an ƙi ta, abin da ya ɓata mata rai. [ 8 ] Duk da haka, ta shahara da sojojin (waɗanda suka yi mata laƙabi da "Mrs. Jubilee") da mutane da yawa a Ingila. Mujallar da ta buga ta samu nasara kuma kwafin hotonta da Roger Fenton ya ɗauka ya yi kyau sosai. [ 8 ]

## Indiya
Duberly ta sake raka mijinta lokacin da aka aika da rundunar Hussars ta 8 zuwa Indiya a shekarar 1856, tana tafiya a kan rundunar sojojin SS  wadda ta tashi daga Cork a ranar 24 ga Satumba, 1857 ta isa Mumbai a ranar 17 ga Disamba.  Ta zauna tare da shi a cikin watanni na ƙarshe na Mutiny na Sepoy . Ta dage kan rakiyar sojoji a yaƙi kuma ta gaya wa 'yar uwarta cewa za ta "ɓata fuskata da hannuna ta ɗauki kaftan Hindu da rawani ," ta ƙi tsayawa a baya. A Gwalior a watan Yunin 1858, yayin da take kallon fara tseren dawaki, dokinta ya gudu ya bi sauran, maimakon ta ja da baya, ta gaya wa mijinta "Dole ne in tafi!" ta yi gudu. [ 10 ]

## Rayuwar aure
Duberlys ba ta da 'ya'ya. Ta kasance babbar abokiya kuma mai goyon bayan mijinta, wadda ba ta taɓa yin kishin matarsa a matsayin cibiyar kulawa a cikin yanayin sojojin Birtaniya a fagen daga ba. Ta bayyana mijinta a matsayin "aboki da ya zama dole in tallafa masa." [ 10 ] Yana rashin lafiya lokacin da lokacin tafiya a bakin teku a Crimea ya yi kuma ta gaya wa 'yar'uwarta cewa " Ubangiji Cardigan yana nufin ya sauka tare da sojojin, amma ban yi nufin ya yi hakan ba." Duberlys suna da bambancin ra'ayi game da yanayin aikin soja. Lokacin da umarni ya zo daga Lucan cewa dole ne a kai ta bakin teku a Constantinople, ta rubuta cewa "Henry yana kallon umarnin a matsayin soja; Ni a matsayina na mace, kuma ina yi masa dariya." [ 11 ]

## Manazarta