Mai tallatawa na kasar Sin

***Mai Talla na ƙasar Sin''' ,'' daga baya ***Mai Talla na Turanci da Sinanci**' ( Chinese    ) jarida ce ta harshen Sinanci da ake bugawa a birnin Ballarat na Ostiraliya daga  zuwa  An buga littafin mako-mako ta wani masanin harsunan Ingilishi mai suna Robert Bell, wanda ya ƙunshi tallace-tallace da sanarwa na hukuma.

## Tarihin bugawa
Robert Bell ƙwararren masanin harsuna ne na Ingilishi wanda ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya yi karatun harshen Sinanci tsawon shekaru huɗu kafin ya sauka a Ostiraliya. A lokacin neman zinare na Victoria, wanda ya kawo ma'aikata da yawa na China zuwa yankin da ke kewaye da Ballarat, ya kare al'adun Sinanci da walwalarsu a jaridun gida cikin himma. Wannan ya haifar da suna "Kwallon Sinanci" daga masu sukarsa.  A watan Afrilun 1855, ya sanya tallace-tallace a cikin *The Ballarat Star* cewa yana fara jaridar Sinanci wacce za a buga kowace Asabar, wacce ake samu kyauta. An fitar da fitowar farko ta wannan takarda a ranar 19 ga Afrilu  ko 3 ga Mayu  1856, inda ta fara jaridar Sinanci da aka fi sani a Ostiraliya. Ta yi ikirarin cewa an buga 400 a 1856. 

Da farko an sanya wa jaridar suna *The Chinese Advertiser*, kafin a sake mata suna zuwa *The Chinese and English Advertiser* a watan Oktoban 1856. Sunan jaridar da harshen Sinanci ya samo asali ne daga farkon fitowarta: an fara sanya mata suna *Tangren Xin Wenzhi*, sannan *Fan Tangren Xin Wenzhi* . Daga ƙarshen 1857 har zuwa ƙarshen buga ta, jaridar ta ɗauki taken ƙasar Sin *Yingtang Zhaotie* (英唐招帖), fassarar sunan Ingilishi.  

Wataƙila Bell ya yi amfani da lithography don buga takardar a cikin bugu na farko 25. Akalla kwafi ɗaya, wanda aka rubuta a ranar 30 ga Agusta 1856, an buga shi da bugun dutse mai sassaka . A ranar 11 ga Oktoba, Bell ya fara amfani da na'urar buga takardu don buga sassan Ingilishi, tare da guntun ƙarfe don buga Sinawa. A cikin wata wasiƙa zuwa ga gwamnan yankin a watan Satumba na 1857, Bell ya rubuta cewa jaridar "an fara buga lithograph, sannan aka buga ta Zincography, a lokacin kuma yanzu ta Xylography, amma ina gab da yin nau'ikan ƙarfe masu motsi". A wani lokaci bayan haka, ya koma amfani da tubalan katako na gargajiya na kasar Sin. tubalan katako marasa kyau sun haifar da haruffan Sinanci masu siffar asali bayan wannan canjin. Waɗannan sun haɓaka inganci sosai a cikin fitowar jaridar ta baya, ta amfani da haruffan Song da na yau da kullun . Wataƙila Bell ya sami ƙwararrun 'yan China waɗanda ke da ƙwarewa a sassaka tubalan katako. [1] [1]

Yawan jama'ar ƙasar China da ke Ballarat ya fara raguwa a shekarar 1858. Mujallar da aka sani ta baya-bayan nan, wadda aka buga a ranar 7 ga Agusta 1858, ta yi daidai da wani kwafin da aka yi a watanni biyu da suka gabata, ban da ranar da aka canza talla guda ɗaya. Wani bincike da aka gudanar a shekarar 1999 ya nuna cewa takardar ta daina bugawa jim kaɗan bayan watan Agusta 1858, yayin da wani bincike na 2013 ya ce takardar ta daina bugawa a ƙarshen shekarar 1860.   A shekarar 1868, wani rahoto na jarida ya bayyana *Mai Talla na Turanci da Sin* a matsayin "abin da [Bell] ya yi gaba ɗaya, domin ya yanke haruffan a kan tubalan katako, wanda daga ciki ya ɗauki ra'ayoyi...abin ya kasance kawai wani babban rubutu mara kyau, kuma ya mutu tun daga lokacin". 

## Abubuwan da ke ciki
Babban shafin *The Chinese Advertiser* ya ƙunshi rubutun "Gratis" da "Read to make trade friendly".  Fitowar da aka fi sani ta haɗa da wata sanarwa ta manufa da ta kira jaridar "jagorar Kiristanci da wayewar Kirista tsakanin Sinawa a Australasia" tare da ayar Littafi Mai Tsarki.  Ya ƙunshi shafi ɗaya mai shafuka huɗu, wanda aka buga a kan takarda mai girman 518 da 358 mm, kafin a canza zuwa 567 da 444 mm. 

## Manazarta