Norman Pannell

**Norman Alfred Pannell**, FCIS (17 Afrilu 1901 - 8 Maris 1976) ya kasance manajan kuɗi na Biritaniya kuma ɗan siyasa wanda ya zama Memba na Jam'iyyar Conservative ta Liverpool . An san shi a matsayin daya daga cikin masu goyon bayan hana shige da fice, amma yakin neman zaɓensa ya kare lokacin da ya rasa kujerarsa a shekarar 1964.

## Rayuwar kasuwanci
Pannell ya halarci Makarantar Grammar Sir George Monoux a Walthamstow, amma ya bar yana da shekaru 16 don shiga kasuwanci. Ya yi aiki da kamfanoni daban-daban a London da Paris, kafin ya koma John Holt &amp;amp; Co (Liverpool) Ltd a 1930 a matsayin wakilin gunduma a Najeriya . Ya auri Isabel Morris a shekara ta 1932. A cikin 1937 ya zama ɗan'uwa na Cibiyar Sakatarorin Chartered, kuma a shekara ta gaba ya karɓi girma zuwa mai duba bakin teku. Pannell ya yi aiki a Majalisar Dokokin Najeriya daga 1944.

## Liverpool
A shekarar 1945, ya yi murabus daga Majalisar Dokokin Najeriya ya koma Liverpool inda ya zama manajan kudi na wani kamfani na ƴan kasuwa da masu jiragen ruwa na Afirka ta Yamma na tsawon shekaru biyar. Pannell ya shiga cikin Jam'iyyar Conservative a birnin; a babban zaben 1951 ya kasance dan takarar Conservative a Liverpool Scotland, kuma a 1952 aka zabe shi a Liverpool City Council . Ya kasance gwamnan Liverpool Blue Coat School daga 1953.

## Zaɓen Majalisa
An zaɓi Pannell a matsayin ɗan takarar Conservative na mazabar Liverpool Kirkdale a babban zaɓe na 1955, kujera ta gefe wacce Labour ta gudanar. Tare da taimakon sauye-sauyen kan iyaka ya lashe da ƙuri'u 1,814. A matsayin MP na baya, Pannell ya ƙware a al'amuran Commonwealth; A cikin watan Mayun 1956 ya fara muhawarar dage shari'ar inda ya ja hankali kan tasirin tattalin arziƙin Birtaniyya idan sabbin 'yan mulkin mallaka suka kashe ma'auni masu kyau a wajen yankin. Ya yi maraba da ci gaban siyasa a cikin yankuna irin su Gold Coast, amma ya yi kira da a kiyaye tsarin mulki don kare tattalin arziƙin da kuma sanya shi lafiya ga saka hannun jari.

## Batun shige da fice
A kan rikicin Suez, Pannell ya goyi bayan gwamnati kuma daga baya ya yi adawa da manufar janyewa daga yankin canal; yana daya daga cikin 14 (takwas daga cikinsu sun yi murabus daga jam'iyyar Conservative bulala) don kauracewa ƙuri'ar amincewa da manufofin gwamnati a watan Mayun 1957. Daga baya a wannan shekarar ya fara kamfen na canza sharuddan da aka ba wa 'yan Commonwealth damar shiga Burtaniya, yana mai cewa kashi saba'in cikin dari na waɗanda aka yanke wa hukuncin daurin rai-da-rai a Landan, 'yan Jamhuriyar Ireland ne na wasu kasashen renon Ingila. Ya dawo kan wannan batu bayan tarzomar ƙabilanci a Nottingham a watan Agustan 1958, yana mai kira da a kula da shige da fice. Duk da haka, ya kasa shawo kan Gwamnati kuma a cikin Afrilu 1959, gyare-gyaren da ya yi ga Dokar Laifin Titin don ba da izinin korar da kuri'a 8 zuwa 22 na Kwamitin Tsare-tsare. Ya yi nasarar gabatar da ƙudiri a taron Jam'iyyar Conservative na 1958 don kawo ikon shige da fice.

Pannell ya kasance a kan hukumar Ashanti Goldfields Corporation daga Disamba 1958. A cikin Afrilu 1959 ya fara muhawara game da matsayin ƙananan yankuna a cikin Commonwealth, yana mai kira a gare su kada a tilasta musu su rungumi tsarin dimokuradiyya na Majalisar saboda ya ba da damar 'yan siyasa su yi wasa a kan motsin zuciyar da ba a ba da izini ba. Ya kuma matsa lamba don kada tutar St George daga gine-ginen gwamnati a ranar St George.

## Ci gaba da yaƙin neman zaɓe
Bayan sake zaɓen tare da ƙarin rinjaye a babban zaɓe na 1959, Pannell ya ƙara shiga cikin batun ƙuntata ƙaura. A cikin Yuli 1960 ya jagoranci wata tawaga don ganin Sakataren Cikin Gida RA Butler, yana kira ga duk baƙi don samar da takardar shaidar lafiya mai kyau da kuma tabbacin cewa suna da aikin da za su je. A cikin watan Afrilun 1961 ya kasance babban jigo a cikin gyara wanda bai yi nasara ba ya bukaci a dawo da hukuncin daurin rai da rai ga matasa masu laifi. Damuwarsa game da Commonwealth ta sa ya yi adawa da shigar Birtaniyya zuwa kasuwar gama gari lokacin da aka gabatar da ita a cikin 1962.

Pannell ya gabatar da daftarin doka na Memba mai zaman kansa a cikin 1962 don kawo ƙarshen 'yancin ɗan ƙasar Irish na yin zaɓe a zaɓen Burtaniya, kodayake bai sami ci gaba ba. Bai goyi bayan gwamnatin Macmillan kan al'amarin Profumo ba . Ya kasance mai himma sosai wajen yin kira ga takunkumin shige da fice, galibi yana danganta batun da rashin aikin yi da yawan laifuka. A cikin Afrilu 1964 ya yi kira da a yi amfani da manyan matsi na wuta don dakatar da hooligans.

## Cin nasara
A babban zaɓen 1964, Pannell ya rasa kujerarsa zuwa Labour. Ya yi sha'awar sake tsayawa takara don sake dawo da mukaminsa, kuma an ambace shi a matsayin dan takarar Conservative a zaben fidda gwani na Birmingham Hall Green a 1965, ko da yake wannan ya zo a banza. Ya kasance marubucin haɗin gwiwa tare da Lord Brockway na "Shige da Fice - Menene Amsa?" a 1965, gabatar da karar don ƙuntatawa yayin da Brockway ya ba da shawarar ba da izinin ci gaba da shige da fice.

## Siyasar cikin gida
A cikin taron Pannell bai yi yaƙi da babban zaɓe na 1966 ba, kodayake an sake zaɓe shi zuwa Majalisar Birnin Liverpool a 1967 kuma ya zama Shugaban Kwamitin Ilimi. Ya yi shekara uku; yayin da yake zaune a Heswall da ke Wirral Peninsula, an zabe shi a Majalisar gundumar Cheshire a 1970. Lokacin da Wirral ya zama wani yanki na Merseyside, Pannell ya zama wani yanki na gundumar Metropolitan a cikin 1973, kuma ya kasance memba har mutuwarsa bayan shekaru uku. Har ila yau, yana da makaranta a Netherley Liverpool mai suna a cikin girmamawarsa

## Manazarta

* Netherley - Tsohon Parrish na Little Woolton
* "Wane Waye", A & C Black
* "The Times House of Commons 1955", The Times Office
* *The Times*

## Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

* Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Norman Pannell
* Portraits of Norman Pannell at the National Portrait Gallery, London