Disha Ravi

**Disha Annappa Ravi** (an haife ta a shekara ta 1998, Bangalore)  'yar gwagwarmayar canjin yanayi ce ta Indiya kuma ta kafa jam'iyyar Jumma'a don Indiya ta gaba.  An kama ta a ranar 13 ga Fabrairu 2021 saboda zargin da ake yi da shi tare da kayan aikin kan layi da suka shafi Greta Thunberg da kuma zanga-zangar manoman Indiya ta 2020-2021 sun sami kulawa ta duniya. Gwamnatin Indiya ta yi zargin cewa kayan aikin, daidaitattun hanyoyin sadarwa na adalci da kuma shirya takardun,  wanda ke ba da jerin hanyoyin da za a tallafa wa zanga-zangar manoma,  ya haifar da tashin hankali da kuma wani nau'i na tayar da kayar baya.   An soki kamawar a cikin Indiya, da kuma duniya.

## Tarihi
Disha matashi ce mai fafutukar yanayi yanayi daga Bangalore, Indiya,  kuma ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa Jumma'a don Makoma a Indiya (FFF Indiya).   A cewar The Quint, tana daga cikin reshen MAPA na ƙungiyar FFF, kuma "MAPA tana tsaye ne ga Mutanen da Mafi Girma da Yankuna - ma'ana, ƙasashe da mutanen Kudancin Duniya (duniya mai tasowa), waɗanda ke ɗauke da nauyin hayakin carbon da canjin yanayi. "  A cikin wata hira da Auto Report Africa, Disha ya ce, "Ƙarfafa kaina na shiga gwagwarmayar yanayi ya fito ne daga ganin kakanni, waɗanda manoma, su gwagwarmaya da tasirin rikicin yanayi ne", kuma "A lokacin, ban san abin da ba su ba su ba".

Disha yana mai da hankali kan kawo muryoyi ga al'ummomin da suke bukata    kuma marubuci ne na gyare-gyare da yawa da labarai don masu gwagwarmayar yanayi na matasa na duniya.   An kuma nuna ta a cikin watan Satumba na 2020 na mujallar *Vogue* ta Burtaniya na masu fafutuka masu launi guda hudu da ke aiki da wariyar launin fata .    A ranar 15 ga Fabrairu, 2021, *New Indian Express* ta kira ta da "Bengaluru's Greta". 

A watan Satumbar 2020, Disha ya bayyana cewa, "Ina da ban mamaki saboda muna rayuwa cikin rikicin yanayi. Ruwan sama mai tsanani da matakan da gwamnatoci suka dauka sun haifar da miliyoyin mutane da aka rasa muhallinsu saboda ambaliyar ruwa, musamman a Indiya. Gidan na ya cika da ruwa a makon da ya gabata. "  Disha ya gaya wa *[[The Guardian]]*, "Ba wai kawai muna fada don makomarmu ba, muna fada don halinmu.  Mu, mutanen da suka fi shafa za su canza tattaunawar a tattaunawar sauya sauya yanayin yanayi kuma su jagoranci shirin farfadowa da mutane ba aljihunmu ba.

A cikin 2020, Disha ya ce, "FFF International ba ta da manufa guda ɗaya. A baya burinmu shine ya ayyana gaggawa na yanayi. Kasashen da suka ayyana gaggawar yanayi ba su yi aiki a kai ba kuma a lokacin da muka yanke shawarar muna son Adalci na yanayi inda gwamnati ke ba da fifiko ga aikin yanayi da dorewar muhalli fiye da duk abin da haka. Ba mu saita buƙatu daban-daban kuma muna so mu yi aiki ga marubucin Amurka Gayle Kimball don wani littafi game da Gen Z masu fafutukar sauyin yanayi, Disha sun taimaka, ya ce, zanga-zangar rayuwa ta wanzuwar jama'a ne.

Ana sa ido kan FFF kafin kama Disha. Disha ta shiga cikin kamfen ɗin bayar da shawarwari na imel na FFF India a adawa da ƙididdigar tasirin muhalli na Maris 2020 (EIA) ta Ma'aikatar Muhalli, dazuzzuka da Canjin Yanayi. A mayar da martani, an toshe shafukan yanar gizo na FFF India da wasu kungiyoyi biyu a watan Yulin 2020, amma daga baya aka janye toshewar.  Disha ya gaya wa Auto Report Africa, "Muna zaune a cikin ƙasa inda aka hana rashin amincewa ... Mu a cikin Jumma'a Don Indiya ta gaba an lakafta su 'yan ta'adda saboda rashin amincewa da sanarwar EIA. Gwamnatin da ke ba da riba a kan mutane za ta yi la'akari da neman iska mai tsabta, ruwa mai tsabta da duniyar rayuwa, aikin ta'addanci.&nbsp;

Ta kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Mount Carmel, Bangalore .  Ita Mai cin ganyayyaki ce kuma tana aiki a matsayin manajan kwarewar abinci a kamfanin abinci mai cin ganyayi kafin a kama ta.

## Kamawa
 
A ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairun 2021, Greta Thunberg ta wallafa a shafinta na Twitter don tallafawa manoman Indiya kuma a cikin wani tweet ya haɗa kayan aiki na sabuntawa, yana mai cewa "ta hanyar mutane a ƙasa a Indiya. "  Biye da rahotanni na kafofin watsa labarai na hukumomin Indiya da ke gabatar da Rahoton bayani na farko (FIR) a kanta (tun lokacin da aka gyara cewa FIR yana adawa da masu kirkirar kayan aikin na asali ), Thunberg ya wallafa a shafin a shafinta, Har yanzu ina #StandWithFarmers kuma ina tallafawa zanga-zangarsu ta zaman lafiya. Babu wani ƙiyayya, barazanar ko keta haƙƙin ɗan adam da zai taɓa canza hakan. #FarmersProtest".  

Wani mai fafutuka ya ambaci cewa kayan aikin shine "takardar yau da kullun da masu fafutukar adalci na zamantakewa ke amfani da ita don wayar da kan jama'a game da batutuwan da kuma ba da shawarar dabarun ci gaba". "Manufar ita ce ta ba da damar duk wanda bai saba da zanga-zangar manoma da ke gudana a Indiya ba don fahimtar halin da ake ciki da kuma yanke shawara kan yadda za a tallafa wa manoma bisa ga bincikensu".  Kayan aikin ya ba da shawarar a dauki mataki ciki har da "Organis[ing] wani mataki na ƙasa kusa da Ofishin Jakadancin Indiya, Media House ko Gwamnatin Gundumarku. "

A ranar 13 ga watan Fabrairun 2021, wata kungiya daga 'yan sanda ta Delhi ta kama Disha don yin tambayoyi daga gidanta a Soladevanahalli, Bengaluru, saboda zargin yada kayan aikin kafofin sada zumunta da suka shafi zanga-zangar manoman Indiya na 2020-2021.  An tura ta hannun 'yan sanda na kwanaki 5. Quint ya ba da rahoton cewa kamawar "ya dogara ne akan wani FIR da sashin aikata laifuka na yanar gizo na 'Yan sanda na Delhi ya gabatar, wanda aka yi rajista a kan masu kirkirar 'kayan aiki' a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu. "  'Yan sanda sun ce kayan aikin sun haɗa da hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo na Khalistani. Jaridar Associated Press ta ruwaito cewa gwamnati "Na farko ta yi ƙoƙari ta lalata manoma masu zanga-zangar, da yawa daga cikinsu Sikh ne, kamar yadda kishin kasa na addini ya motsa su".

'Yan sanda sun shigar da karar tayar da kayar baya da kuma aikata laifuka a kan Disha kuma sun ce kama ta tana da alaƙa da bincike kan manoma da suka mamaye Red Fort na tarihi a ranar 26 ga Janairun, 2021; Jami'in 'yan sanda na Delhi Prem Nath ya gaya wa manema labarai, "Babban manufar 'kayan aiki' ita ce ƙirƙirar rashin jin daɗi da gwamnatin da aka kafa bisa doka".  'Yan sanda ta yi zargin Disha ta kasance "mafi mahimmancin' a cikin ƙirƙirar da yada abin da aka dauka, kuma cewa ta yi amfani da shi don yada "Poatanietic Justice Foundation" don yadawa na jihar don yadawa da yaƙi da shi. Bugu da ƙari, 'yan sanda sun ce Disha ta raba takardar tare da Thunberg, wanda daga nan ya aika da shi, kuma cewa' yan sanda "sun ce raba takardar a kan kafofin sada zumunta ya nuna cewa akwai 'maƙaryaci' a bayan tashin hankali a ranar 26 ga Janairu, Ranar Jamhuriyar Indiya, lokacin da zanga-zangar manoma masu zaman lafiya suka ɓarke cikin rikici da 'yan sanda.  Wani tushe da aka ambata ba su yi zargin "haɗin tsakanin tashin hankali a kan 26 ga Janairun da abubuwan da ke cikin kayan aikin ba, wanda hakika kawai ke magana game da nau' yan zanga-zanga, gami da yaƙi na doka.

'Yan jarida na kasa da kasa sun nuna kamawar a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin gwamnatin Indiya. BBC News ta ruwaito "tsoro da yawa" kama Disha wani bangare ne na babbar hanyar tsoratar da 'yan jarida da masu zanga-zangar ta amfani da abin da BBC News ta bayyana a matsayin dokokin mulkin mallaka na "draconian". *[[New York Times|Jaridar New York Times]]* ta bayyana kamawar a matsayin "mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin jerin manyan hare-hare kan masu gwagwarmaya" kuma wani ɓangare na raguwar 'yancin intanet a Indiya. The Telegraph ya rubuta cewa kamawar "ta zo ne bayan Ms. Thunberg da popstar Rihanna sun yi amfani da matsayinsu na shahararrun don tallafawa zanga-zangar manoma, wanda ya haifar da amsawar fushi daga gwamnatin Indiya. "  Mujallar Time ta ba da rahoton mafi girman zalunci kan rashin amincewa a Indiya tare da kama Disha kasancewa wani ɓangare.  NBC News ta ruwaito cewa Disha "ta fito ne a matsayin alama ce ta zalunci na gwamnatin Indiya kan rashin amincewa" kuma kama ta "saboda damuwa game da rashin amincewa da zanga-zangar manoma da ta girgiza kasar".

### Halin da aka yi
An hukunta kama Disha a Indiya da kasashen waje. A ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, sama da malaman Indiya 50, masu zane-zane da masu gwagwarmaya sun fitar da wata sanarwa ta hadin gwiwa don tallafa mata. Tsohon Ministan Muhalli Jairam Ramesh ya wallafa a shafinsa na Twitter, "Mutumin mummunan abu ne! Wannan cin zarafi ne da tsoratarwa ba tare da dalili ba. Na nuna cikakken hadin kai da Disha Ravi. "  Kungiyar manoma Samy Kuktisan Morcha (SKM) ta fitar da wata sanarwa ta hukuma wacce ta yi Allah wadai da kama Disha kuma ta yi kira ga "saki nan take ba tare da wani sharadi ba", kuma shugaban SKM Kavitha Kuruganti ya ce, "abin ban tsoro ne cewa an dauki irin wannan mataki saboda kayan aiki, wanda kawai zai iya faɗakar da manoma".

Babban Ministan Delhi Arvind Kejriwal ya wallafa a shafin yanar gizon, "Kashewar tsohuwar Disha Ravi wani hari ne da ba a taɓa gani ba a kan Dimokuradiyya. Taimakawa manomanmu ba laifi ba ne".  BJP Haryana Ministan Gida Anil Vij ya ce, "kowane mutum yana da damar yin rashin amincewa da dimokuradiyya, amma dole ne a dakatar da 'ma' tare da baƙi' tare da 'yan kasashen waje' kuma "ya kirkirar da cikakken bincike a cikin takardar zanga-zangar manoma".

Har ila yau, ƙungiyoyin muhalli na matasa sun ba da wata sanarwa da ke buƙatar sakin Disha nan da nan wanda ya haɗa da, "Don nuna cewa masu gwagwarmayar canjin yanayi suna da haɗari ga zaman lafiya da jituwa na wannan ƙasar a cikin yanayin siyasa wanda ke da rikici sosai shine yin wasa da sauri da sauƙi tare da amincinsu da tsaro, musamman idan babu wata hujja da za ta goyi bayan wannan da'awar".  P. Chidambaram, Priyanka Chaturvedi, Anghiri, Shashi Tharoor, Shashi Harris, Siddharth, Claudia Webbe, Shaniya, Shupi, Shub, Shubbe, Bill, Shupiya, Shur, Shurth, Shaya, Shayaaya, Shirt, Shayabe, Shaya Shaya, Shu Shu Shu Shu, Shaya.

Apoorvanand, mai fafutuka kuma farfesa a Jami'ar Delhi, ya ce, "[Gwamnati tana so] ta aika da saƙo mai tsanani ga matasa cewa ba a yarda ka wuce kanka ba, idan kai dalibi ne, bai kamata ka yi sha'awar batutuwan ko rayuwar mutanen da suka bambanta da ku ba", kuma cewa gwamnati tana cewa "abin da kake da shi don samun sha'awar rayuwar manoma ko rayuwar Dalits ko Musulmai. Kuma idan ka tsallake iyakarka kuma ka yi ƙoƙarin gudanar da su, to, to, sai dai STO za ka san wannan yarinya ce: "Yanci mai faɗar nan gaba".&nbsp;&nbsp;

Babban mai ba da shawara Rebecca Mammen John ya soki kamawar, yana mai cewa 'yan sanda na Delhi ba su sami izinin wucewa daga kotun Bangalore ba kuma sun yi tambaya ko an bincika bayanan shari'ar da takardar kamawa. An kuma soki rashin lauyan shari'a ga Disha. Sauran masana shari'a kamar Colin Gonsalves da babban mai ba da shawara Saurabh Kirpal suma sun yi magana game da kamawar. Kamfen don Shari'a da Gyara (CJAR), wata kungiya mai zaman kanta, ta bayyana kama Disha a matsayin "ba daidai ba" da kuma "ƙoƙarin aikata laifuka", kuma ta ce kama ta da tsare ta ya keta Kundin Tsarin Mulki da Dokar Shari'a. Bayan sake nazarin "takardar kayan aiki", tsohon Mai Shari'a na Kotun Koli Deepak Gupta ya ce, "Na ga cewa babu wani abu a cikin kayan aiki game da wani abu game da tashin hankali ko wani abu game lekatar da mutane. Ba na ganin abin da ke tayar da kayar baya game da wannan takardar. Mutum na iya ko bazai yarda da masu zanga-zangar ba, wannan lamari ne daban. Amma a ce cewa wannan tayar da hankali ba ya fahimci doka gaba ɗaya" 

Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI), jam'iyyar siyasa mai mulki ta Pakistan ta soki kama Disha.

Bayan kama Disha, an yi zanga-zanga a Bangalore,    Delhi,  da Mumbai. Kimanin tsofaffi 900 na Kwalejin Mount Carmel, Bangalore, sun sanya hannu kan zanga-zangar da ke Allah wadai da kamawar da ke ikirarin cewa yunkurin da gwamnati ta yi na yin watsi da Disha. A ranar 18 ga watan Fabrairu, Reuters ta ruwaito cewa "Kamar da Ravi ya haifar da mummunan tashin hankali na sukar gwamnatin Firayim Minista Narendra Modi saboda amfani da dabarun hannu don magance tashin hankali na manoma".

## Shari'ar kotu
A ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, mai gabatar da kara ya yi zargin cewa Disha na daga cikin manyan makirci, wanda ke da alaƙa da masu rabuwa da Khalistani. Disha ta musanta kasancewa wani ɓangare na makirci kuma ta musanta sanin kungiyar, kuma ta ce, "Ina tallafa wa manoma kawai", kuma "Na goyi bayan manoma saboda su ne makomarmu kuma dukkanmu muna buƙatar cin abinci. "  Disha ta kuma musanta ƙirƙirar kayan aikin kuma ta bayyana cewa ta yi gyare-gyare biyu. A lokacin sauraron karar, lauyan da ta zaɓa ba ya wakiltar Disha; lauyoyinta sun tafi wata kotun inda ake sa ran ta bayyana, sannan suka koyi daga rahotanni na labarai cewa a maimakon haka an gabatar da ita a gaban majistare na kotun Patiala House.

Disha ta nemi umarnin kotu don hana 'yan sanda yada kayan da suka shafi shari'ar ga kafofin watsa labarai, gami da abin da ake zargi da tattaunawar WhatsApp ta sirri  da kuma zargin shigarwa da bayyanawa da ta yi yayin da take hannun' yan sanda.  A ranar 18 ga watan Fabrairu, babban kotun Delhi ta yanke hukuncin cewa za a yi la'akari da rokon da Disha ta gabatar don hana 'yan sanda yada bayanai game da bincikensa. Reuters ta ba da rahoton cewa a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu, lauyoyin Disha sun kuma gabatar da takardu tare da kotun da ke nuna cewa an kama ta ba bisa ka'ida ba, kuma musamman cewa "yan sanda ba su sami wani izinin wucewa ba", wanda shine izinin doka da ake buƙata kafin su tura wanda ake tuhuma zuwa wani wuri, "kuma ba su ba da izinin mai shigar da kara ya tuntubi lauyoyi", yana ƙarawa "Amamaki, akwai mahimman labarai game da sauraron mai shigar da aka kama da shi kuma kafofin watsa labarai sun fi sani game da lokacin da wurin samar da mai shigar da mai shigarwa" 

A ranar 19 ga watan Fabrairu, Babban Kotun Delhi ta umarci 'yan sanda na Delhi da su bi takardar shaidarsa da ta tabbatar da cewa ba za a sami ɓoyewa ba, da kuma tabbatar da cewa bayanan kafofin watsa labarai za su bi Shawarwarin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Cikin Gida na 2010 kan Manufofin Media na 'yan sanda. An umarci gidajen watsa labarai da su kafa rahotonsu a kan "tushen da aka tabbatar da su", kuma an ba su damar kiyaye sirri da rashin sani da tushen su. Mutanen da ke da alaƙa da ko alaƙa da Disha an kuma umarce su da kada su yada bayanan da za su "yi wa 'yan sanda kunya ko mugunta" yayin binciken. Kotun ta tsawata wa tashar talabijin ta Network 18, kuma ba ta ba da umarnin abubuwan da aka riga aka buga don a cire su ba, amma ta ajiye batun don daga baya a cikin shari'ar.

A ranar 19 ga Fabrairu, an tsare Disha a cikin tsare-tsaren shari'a na kwana uku, a ranar da tsare-tsare na 'yan sanda na kwana biyar zai ƙare. A ranar 20 ga watan Fabrairu, kotun ta tanadi hukuncin ta kan aikace-aikacen beli na Disha har zuwa ranar 23 ga watan Fabira; Alkalin Dharmendra Rana ya nemi lauyan 'yan sanda ya nuna shaidar da ke danganta Disha da tashin hankali na 26 ga watan Janairu ko kuma ya dogara ne akan zato.

A lokacin sauraron belin, lauyan, a madadin Disha, ya ce, "Idan nuna zanga-zangar manoma a duniya ita ce tayar da kayar baya, na fi kyau a kurkuku. "  A ranar 22 ga Fabrairu, an kai Disha cikin hannun 'yan sanda don yin tambayoyi.  A ranar 23 ga watan Fabrairun 2021, kotun zaman ta ba da belin ga Disha. Alkalin Rana ya ce, "Ganin karancin shaidu da ba su da yawa a rubuce-rubuce, ban sami wani dalili na iya ganewa don kiyaye wani dan shekara 22 a tsare ba. "  A cikin umarnin, alƙalin ya ce, 'Yan ƙasa masu kula da lamiri ne na gwamnati a kowane al'umma mai dimokuradiyya. Ba za a iya sanya su a baya ba saboda sun zaɓi su saba da manufofin Jiha. "Wannan fassararmu mai shekaru 5000 ba ta taɓa ƙin ra'ayoyin daga bangarori daban-daban ba. "Bari duk abubuwan da suka biyo baya su bayyana ra'ayoyi masu daraja a cikin Rig Veda da suka fito da suka fitowa".

## Manazarta