Ruƙunan Portuguese a Zimbabwe

**Ruƙunan Portuguese a Zimbabwe** sun warwatse a sassan arewacin Zimbabwe. Su ne ragowar kasancewar Turawan mulkin mallaka na Portugal a kudu maso gabashin Afirka. Daga matsugunansu na bakin teku, Portuguese sun kutsa cikin ƙasar Zimbabwe a yanzu tun a shekara ta 1560, kusan shekaru 300 kafin David Livingstone ya isa gabar ruwan Victoria. Shahararrun waɗannan ƙauyuka na farko shine ɗan mishan Gonçalo da Silveira. Gidan Silveira, cibiyar ilimi a wajen Harare, ana kiransa da sunan sa. An kori Portuguese ɗin daga Zimbabwe gaba ɗaya a cikin shekarar 1693 lokacin da Rozvi ƙarƙashin jagorancin Changamire suka mamaye Karangaland. 

## Gabatarwa
A yanzu akwai ƙaramin shaida na ƙauyukan Portuguese a Zimbabwe. Rushewar ba a kiyaye su da kyau.  Peter Garlake ya tona 3 daga cikin waɗannan shafuka - Dambarare, Masapa da Luanze.  Ya sanya su a matsayin abubuwan tarihi na ƙasa.  An rubuta wuraren a cikin hotunan Google Earth.  Mazaunan ko feiras yawanci suna da kyaftin, Firist da kuma ƙaramar al'umma ta dindindin da ke zaune a cikin bulo da yawa da aka gina garu da ganuwar ƙasa da ramuka. shafi 197 

Rahoton Dominican Order na  shekarar 1631 ya ce: "*A cikin Masarautar Mutapa masu addini suna kula da ayyuka guda uku: Masapa, Ruhanje da Dambarare, kowannensu yana da firist ɗaya ko kuma wani firist ɗaya.*" pp29 

## Tsarin lokaci

* 1560 Gonçalo da Silveira in Zimbabwe.
* 1580s Masapa da Luanze feiras sun kafa.
* 1599 Cocin Dominican da aka gina a Luanze da Masapa bayan Portuguese sun taimaka wa Monomotapa shugaban Rusere don cin nasara kan shugaban Zimba Chikanda. shafi na 18 
* 1607 Monomotapa ya mika duk ma'adinan zinare ga Portuguese bayan sun kori 'yan tawaye ƙarƙashin jagorancin Matuzianye daga yankin Monomotapa. João Lobo Firist ya shaida a Luanze. shafi 436 
* 1629 Monomotapa ya miƙa wuya ga Portuguese bayan da sojojin Monomotapa suka kai hari amma sun ƙasa cin nasara akan Masapa da Luanze. Fotigal ta shiga tare da sojojin Batonga don kayar da rundunar Monomotapa sannan suka sanya nasu zaɓaɓɓen shugaban Monomatapa Manuza. Firist Gonçalo Ribeiro ya shaida a Masapa. shafi 459 
* 1693 Portuguese sun bar Zimbabwe bayan Dambarare Changamire ya lalata shi.

## Angwa (Ongoe)
A haɗaɗɗun na garu. An kafa asali don manufar hakar ma'adinai da ciniki a cikin zinariya. Halin da ake ciki a yau yana cikin Tudu Biyu Uku.  

## Dambarare
Wannan babban katafaren gini ne kusa da ma'adinan Jumbo na yau (Mazowe).

"*Feira na Dambarare ya samu yabo mafi kyawu a cikin duk wata feira a cikin kogin Sena, inda kusan duk hamshakan attajiran 'yan kasuwar Sena suka yi ciniki, daga nan kuma suka watse zuwa wasu wurare irin su Chitomborwizi, Rimuka, Luanze da Matafuna. Dambarare ita ce hedikwata, na biyu bayan hedkwatar gudanarwa na Captain of the Gates a* 

An kafa asali don manufar hakar ma'adinai da ciniki a cikin zinariya. pp99  Lokacin da aka tono a cikin 1967 an gano cewa akwai fararen fata maza da aka binne a ƙarƙashin Cocin mai bangon bulo sanye da zoben zinare tare da ketare hannayensu. A wajen Cocin an binne bakar fata mata da yara. An samu lambar yabo ta tagulla tare da Saint Elizabeth ta Portugal a gefe guda da kuma Saint Anthony na Padua tare da jariri Yesu a ɗaya  shafi 103 

## Luanze (Ruhanje)
Akwai falin da ke tunawa da wurin da cocin ya ruguje. An kafa wannan zama a cikin shekarar 1580s. An gina cocin Dominican a ciki ko jim kaɗan bayan 1599. pp18  An kafa asali a ƙarƙashin ikon Monomotapa. shafi 99 

A cikin shekarar 1634 Pedro Barreto de Rezende pp479  ya rubuta: "*Wannan kagara yana da coci, wanda wani ɗan ƙasar Dominican ne wanda ke gudanar da sacrament ga Kiristocin da ke zaune a wurin ko kuma suka wuce.*" pp30 

Luanze ya ragu a rabi na biyu na ƙarni na 17 kuma an maye gurbinsu da Dambarare, Angwa da Maramuca. shafi na shekarar 196 

## Massapa (Masapa, Fura)
Yana rufe murabba'in kilomita 4. An kafa wannan zama a cikin shekarar 1580s. An gina cocin Dominican a ciki ko jim kaɗan bayan shekara ta 1599. pp18  An kafa asali a ƙarƙashin ikon Monomotapa. pp99  Yana kusa da Dutsen Darwin inda Monomotapa ke da babban birninsu. Monomotapa ya ba Kyaftin na Ƙofofi laƙabi na gargajiya ga Kyaftin na Portuguese a nan. (Francisco da Cunha pp430  da André Ferreira pp437  )

Ikon sa ya mamaye Luanze daga nan. Lokacin da Monomotapa ya miƙa wuya ga Portuguese a cikin shekarar 1629, Massapa ya zama ƙasa da mahimmanci yayin da Kyaftin Portuguese ya koma babban birnin Monomotapa inda ya ba da umarnin gadin sojojin Portuguese. shafi 196 

## Maramuca (Rimuka)
Wannan ruƙunin yanar gizon yana kusa da Bay Horse Mine (Chakari) na yau. Goncalo João ne ya kwace ƙasar tun asali. pp103  Akwai wani mutum-mutumi na giwaye na Budurwa Maryamu da aka samo a nan tun daga ƙarni na 17 ko 18. Wannan a halin yanzu yana cikin gidan kayan tarihi na Bulawayo.&#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Piringani (Ditchwe)
Wanda kuma aka sani da Ditchwe. Akwai dajin bishiyar lemo wanda ya kamata a ce an dasa shi sama da shekaru 300 da suka gabata ta hanyar Friars na Portugal.

## Duba kuma

* Babban Zimbabwe

## Manazarta