open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Rufus Sewell

She aghteyr Goaldagh eh **Rufus Frederik Sewell** (ruggit er 29 Jerrey Fouyir 1967). 'Sy scannaneaght, ta enney er er son e phaartyn ayns *[[Carrington (scannane)|Carrington]]* (1995), *[[Hamlet (scannane 1996)|Hamlet]]* (1996), *[[Dangerous Beauty]]* (1998), *[[Dark City (scannane 1998)|Dark City]]* (1998), *[[A Knight's Tale]]* (2001), *[[The Legend of Zorro]]* (2005), *[[The Illusionist (scannane 2006)|The Illusionist]]* (2006), *[[Amazing Grace (scannane 2006)|Amazing Grace]]* (2006), *[[The Holiday]]* (2006), *[[Paris, je t'aime]]* (2006), *[[The Tourist (scannane 2010)|The Tourist]]* (2010), *[[Judy (scannane)|Judy]]* (2019), *[[The Father (scannane 2020)|The Father]]* (2020), as *[[Old (scannane)|Old]]* (2021).

Er y çhellveeish, t'eh er ny chloie ayns *[[Middlemarch]]* (1994), *[[Arabian Nights (myn-straih)|Arabian Nights]]* (2000), *[[Charles II: The Power and the Passion]]* (2003), *[[John Adams (myn-straih)|John Adams]]* (2008), *[[Eleventh Hour (straih hellveeish Americaanagh)|Eleventh Hour]]* (2008–2009), *[[Zen (straih hellveeish)|Zen]]* (2011), *[[The Pillars of the Earth (myn-straih)|The Pillars of the Earth]]* (2010), *[[Parade's End (straih hellveeish)|Parade's End]]* (2012), *[[Victoria (straih hellveeish Ghoaldagh)|Victoria]]* (2016–2017), *[[The Man in the High Castle (straih hellveeish)|The Man in the High Castle]]* (2014–2019), as *[[The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel]]* (2019). Ayns 2020, va paart mooar echey chammah ayns aachummey çhellveeish Agatha Christie *[[The Pale Horse (straih hellveeish 2020)|The Pale Horse]]*. Ayns 2023, chloie eh 'sy straih Netflix *[[The Diplomat (straih hellveeish Americaanagh)| The Diplomat]]*.

Er yn ardan, vunnee eh paart Septimus Hodge ayns *[[Arcadia (cloie)|Arcadia]]* as paart Jan ayns *[[Rock 'n' Roll (cloie)|Rock 'n' Roll]]*, y daa jeu liorish Tom Stoppard. Kyndagh rish e phaart 'sy chloie shen jerrinagh, chossyn eh Aundyr Olivier as hooar eh enmyssaght er son Aundyr Tony.

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn magh

*
*
*Rufus Sewell ec y British Film Institute
Alexa Davalos

She ben-aghteyr Americaanagh ee **Alexa Davalos Dunas** (ruggit er 28 Boaldyn 1982). Hoshiaght, va enney urree er son e paart leah myr Gwen Raiden er y chiarroo imbagh jeh'n straih hellveeishs *[[Angel (straih hellveeish 1999)|Angel]]* (2002–03), agh haink paartyn ayns filmyn Hollywood lurg shen, goaill stiagh *[[The Chronicles of Riddick]]* (2004), *[[Feast of Love]]* (2007), *[[The Mist (fillym)|The Mist]]* (2007), *[[Defiance (fillym 2008)|Defiance]]* (2008) as *[[Clash of the Titans (fillym 2010)|Clash of the Titans]]* (2010). T'ee er ny chloie er y çhellveeish ayns *[[Reunion (straih hellveeish)|Reunion]]* (2005–06) as ayns *[[Mob City]]* (2013) liorish Frank Darabont. Chloie ee paart Juliana Crain, yn ard-characteyr 'sy straih *[[The Man in the High Castle (straih hellveeish)|The Man in the High Castle]]* (2015–2019) liorish Amazon Studios. Chammah's shen, t'ee cloie Meoir Er Lheh Kristin Gaines 'sy straih drama CBS ** (2021–jiu).

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn magh
*
John Elder (bluckaneyr)

She bluckaneyr Austrailagh va **John William Elder** (8 Jerrey Souree 1932 – 13 Jerrey Geuree 2018). Chloie eh lesh Collingwood Football Club as South Melbourne Football Club 'sy Victorian Football League (VFL).

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn magh
*
1730

## Taghyrtyn
* 8 Jerrey Souree &ndash; Craa thallooin Valparaíso: Woaill craa thallooin 9.1 er mooadys Valparaíso ayns Lhiass-reeriaght y Pheroo (y Çhillee jiu).

## Ruggyryn
* 28 Boaldyn &ndash; Maria Angela Ardinghelli, çhyndaader sheansagh Iddaalagh (b. 1825)
* 12 Jerrey Souree &ndash; Anna Barbara Reinhart, maddaghteyr Elveeishagh (b. 1796)
* 26 Jerrey Souree &ndash; Charles Messier, rollageyder Frangagh (b. 1817)
* 14 Nollick &ndash; James Bruce, ronseyder Albinagh (b. 1794)

## Baaseyn
* 7 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Árni Magnússon, scoillar as çhagleyder laue-screeuyn Eeslynnagh (r. 1663)
* 12 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Luca Carlevarijs, peinteyr Iddaalagh (r. 1663)
* 14 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Sophia Elisabet Brenner, screeudeyr Soolynnagh (r. 1659)
* 31 Nollick &ndash; Carlo Gimach, ard-obbree, jeshaghteyr, as feelee Maltagh (r. 1651)
362

## Taghyrtyn
* 22 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Va çhiamble Apollo ec Daphne, çheumooie jeh Antioch scryssit liorish aile folliaghtagh.

## Ruggyryn
* Mesrop Mashtots, çhengoayllee Armeanagh (b. 440)

## Baaseyn
* 1 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Paulus Catena, politickeyr Raueagh
Sharlene Mawdsley

She roortagh Yernagh ee **Sharlene Mawdsley** (ruggit er 10 Luanistyn 1998). Roie ee ayns Ratçhal 400m ny Mraane ec Feniaghtyssyn Roortaghys Sthie yn Oarpey, 2021.

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghym magh
* 
* 
* 
*
Enceladus

She **Enceladus** y sheyoo eayst smoo 'sy chorys Sarnagh (y 19oo smoo ayns Corys ny Greiney). T'eh mysh 500 km (310 meeilaghyn) er crantessen, ny mysh un jeihoo Titan, eayst Harn smoo. Ta Enceladus coodit liorish rio glen oor, as kyndagh rish shen she eshyn nane jeh ny corpaneyn smoo aahoilshagh ayns Corys ny Greiney. Rere shen, cha nel çhiassid yn eayst ec munlaa roshtyn agh −198 °C (75.1 K; −324.4 °F); shen çhiassid ta foddey ny s'feayrey na corpane sollys-hooagh. Dyn bwooise da'n mooadys beg echey, shimmey troyn fishigagh eaghtyragh t'er Enceladus, voish shenn ardjyn lane jeh sloghyn cruinn dys thallooyn aachummit tectoanagh.

Va Enceladus feddynit magh er 28 Luanistyn 1789 liorish William Herschel, agh s'goan y fys v'ayn er derrey hiauill y daa haagh spoar Voyager, *[[Voyager&nbsp;1]]* as *[[Voyager&nbsp;2]]*, shaghey Sarn ayns 1980 as 1981. Ayns 2005, ren y saagh spoar *[[Cassini–Huygens|Cassini]]* shiaulley shaghey faggys da Enceladus, anchoodaghey eaghtyr as çhymmyltaght yn eayst as taishbyney ny smoo sonreeaghtyn. Ren *Cassini* feddyn magh dossanyn va lhiggey magh voish ard poullagh y jiass. Ta volcaanyn feayrey faggys da ard y jiass lhiggey magh skiootyn dy ghaal ushtey, hiddragien co-vreneenagh, so-ghaalee elley, as stoo creoi, goaill stiagh cloreed hodjum as floagyn rioee magh 'sy spoar, gollrish geeser, er 200 kilogramyn (440 puint) 'sy tootçhey. Ta ny smoo na 100 geeseryn er ny ve feddynit magh. Ta cooid jeh'n ghaal ushtey shen tuittym sheese myr "sniaghtey"; ta'n chooid elley scapail as cur rish y stoo ta jannoo yn chooid smoo jeh fainey&nbsp;E Harn. Er lesh sheanseyryn NASA, s'cosoylagh co-heiy ny dossanyn as co-heiy comaidyn. Ayns 2014, ren NASA fogrey magh dy dooar *Cassini* feanish bentyn rish keayn fo-hallooinagh d'ushtey fliugh ec ard y jiass as eh mysh 10 km (6 mi) er çheeid. Voish y fogrey magh shen, ta sheanseyryn er ny yannoo clowanyn maddaghtoil as coipyn jeh'n cheayn.

Ta baghtyn ny geeseryn shen, chammah as feddynys çhiassid sthie ta scapail as tiarkaght tuill wuillee ayns ard poullagh y jiass, taishbyney dy nee corpane bio dy creg-oaylleeagh eh Enceladus. Gollrish ram eaystyn elley ayns coryssyn lheeadagh ny foawir ghas, ta Enceladus goit ayns aavuilley cruinlagh. Ta'n aavuilley echey rish Dione cur bree rish e chorrid chruinlagh. Ta'n chorrid shen mooghit liorish forsaghyn tidee, çhiow yn çheusthie echey dy tidee as greesaghey yn gastey creg-oaylleeagh.

## Jeeagh er neesht
* Rolley volcaanyn neuhallooinagh

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn magh

* Atlas Enceladus (Boaldyn 2010) jeant ass jallooyn ''Cassini''
* Google Enceladus 3D, atlas eddyr-obbragh yn eayst
DJ Qualls

She aghteyr Americaanagh eh **Donald Joseph Qualls** (ruggit er 10 Mean Souree 1978). Ta enney share er er son yn obbyr echey ayns filmyn, lheid as *[[Road Trip (fillym)|Road Trip]]* (2000), *[[The New Guy]]* (2002) as *[[The Core]]* (2003), as er son e chloiaghyn ayns straihyn çhellveeish lheid as *[[Breaking Bad]]*, *[[Supernatural (straih hellveeish Americaanagh)|Supernatural]]*, *[[Scrubs (straih hellveeish)|Scrubs]]*, *[[Lost (straih hellveeish 2004)|Lost]]*, **. Chammah's shen, ren eh co-chloie 'sy straih aittys *[[Legit (straih hellveeish 2013)|Legit]]* liorish FX, 'sy straih atçhim *[[Z Nation]]* liorish Syfy as 'sy chlaare *[[The Man in the High Castle (straih hellveeish)|The Man in the High Castle]]* liorish Amazon Studios.

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn magh
*
Laurie Holden

She ben-aghteyr, gienteyder, as sheerloayreyder Americaanagh as Canadagh ee **Heather Laurie Holden** (ruggit er 17 Nollick 1969). T'ee ny share ennit er son e cloiaghyn myr Marita Covarrubias ayns *[[The X-Files]]* (1996–2002), myr Andrea Harrison ayns *[[The Walking Dead (straih hellveeish)|The Walking Dead]]* (2010–2013, 2020–2022) liorish AMC, as myr Amanda Dumfries ayns *[[The Mist (fillym)|The Mist]]* (2007). 

T'ee mie er enney chammah myr Adele Stanton ayns *[[The Majestic (fillym)|The Majestic]]* (2001), myr Cybil Bennett ayns *[[Silent Hill (fillym)|Silent Hill]]* (2006), myr Olivia Murray ayns *[[The Shield]]* (2008), myr Renee ayns *[[The Americans]]* (20172018), as myr y Crimson Countess ayns *[[Seven on 7|Vought News Network: Seven on 7 with Cameron Coleman]]* (2021) as *[[The Boys (straih hellveeish)|The Boys]]* (2022).

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn magh

*
Mark Krasniqi

She kynneygrafee, soilsheyder, screeudeyr, as çhyndaader Albaanagh Kosovagh va **Mark Krasniqi** ( 1920 &ndash; 28 Luanistyn 2015). Ren eh yn chooid smoo jeh'n obbyr echey tra v'eh cummal 'syn Yugoslaavey.

## Beashnys
Va Krasniqi ruggit er 19 Jerrey Fouyir 1920 faggys da Peć, ayns Reeriaght ny Serbee, Croitee, as Sloveanee. Ghow eh jerrey rish y vunscoill echey ayns Peć 'sy Terbish as kyndagh rish e chooylrey Catoleagh, ren eh frastyl er yn ard-scoill Chatoleagh ayns Prizren, nane jeh possan beg d'Albaanee mastey Croitee as Sloveanee er y chooid smoo, goaill jerrey rish y scoill shen ayns 1941. Lurg yn ard-scoill, ren eh studeyrys er y lettyraght ayns Ollooscoill Padova, yn Iddaal, as lurg y Nah Chaggey Dowanagh ren eh studeyrys er y çheer-oaylleeaght as er y chynneygrafeeaght ayns Ollooscoill Velgraaid. She co-hoyrtagh rish y phabyr-naight ''Rilindja'' va Krasniqi voish y vlein 1945 ayns Prizren. Erreish da art y screeu bentyn rish Marije Shllaku, va cassid jeant er bentyn rish goll harrish ny joaraghyn ashooneyragh as va jerrey currit er e schoillaraght. Dyn y wooise da shen, dirree eh magh ayns 1950.

Erreish da yn cheim y gheddyn as derrey jerrey'n vlein 1961, ren eh obbraghey 'syn Undinys Kynneygrafeeaght jeh Undinys Oaylleeaghtyn as Ellynyn y Terb, red nagh dooar monney Albaanee 'syn Undinys shen. Voish y vlein 1961 ren eh lhaih ec Ollooscoill Prishtina (*[[Universiteti i Prishtinës]]* jiu); she oltey Undinys Oaylleeaghtyn as Ellynyn Kosovo v'eh chammah. Chossyn Krasniqi e PhD ayns Ollooscoill Ljubljana ayns 1960. Hoilshee eh magh ram studeyryssyn as lioaryn oaylleeagh bentyn rish y chynneygrafeeaght as y çheer-oaylleeaght, chammah as teks-lioaryn.

Va enney ny smoo er myr screeudeyr, as er son e eeleeaght da paitçhyn er lheh.

She oltey Hionnal Kosovo va Krasniqi ayns 2001&ndash;2004, 2004&ndash;2007, as 2007&ndash;2010 as eh shassoo er son Partee Deynlagh Creestee Albaanagh Kosovo. She Eaghtyrane Undinys Oaylleeaghtyn as Ellynyn Kosovo, Dean ec Olloo-rheynn Leigh as Tarmaynys, Eaghtyrane Phartee Deynlagh Creestee Albaanagh Kosovo, as y Chied Toshiaght er Sheshaght Screeudeyryn Kosovo v'eh chammah. Goll rish yn Albaanish as y Terbo-Chroitish, va Iddaalish ghlen echey.

## Imraaghyn
Claus Paarss

She oikagh caggee as fer oik Danvargagh va'n Ard-chaptan **Claus Enevold Paarss**  (18 Toshiaght Arree 1683 – 26 Boaldyn 1762). Tra dirree eh magh ass oik, v'eh pointit myr kiannoort Ghreenlynn liorish y Ree Ferdorraghey IV eddyr ny bleeantyn 1728 as 1730.

Va Paarss ruggit ayns Thy 'sy Danvarg–Norlynn ayns 1683. Ren eh anney lhong chaggee Ghanvargagh as tree ny kiare lhongyn dys "Haabets Koloni" Hans Egede er Kangeq, ren eh scughey dys boayl er y çheer vooar ny noi va shickyrit echey fo'n ennym "Godt-Haab", haink dy ve enmyssit myr Godthåb as, eisht, Nuuk. Va e phossan coloinee jeant ass feed dy hidooryn, tree sarjantyn, as daa 'er oik ass corps gunneyderyn y Danvarg, goll rish daa chimmagh caggee jeig, jeih moiraghyn gyn poosey, as daa ven-chimmee lhisagh ve poosit rish y cheilley rere cronyn. Chammah's shen, hug eh dussan dy chabbil lesh.

Erreish da talleydys y chur sheese, dob Paarss daa cheayrt yn ellan y hroailtaghey voish Keyllys Sailley Ameralik as eh shirrey cooid as kiangley dys soiaghey sheiltynit y y Choloin Hiar Loghlynagh. Hreeal eh scheim dy chlannaghey Greelynn liorish lught ooasle Danvargagh lhieggit as nyn lughtyn thie er bun ny coloinyn Frangagh 'sy Chanadey. Ec y traa cheddin, hooar daeed jeh ny coloinee echey baase voish y vrooan marrey ny cooishyn elley, chur rish treigeilys y choloin feeu ec ny Greenlynnee ghooghyssagh hene.

Hooar Paarss baase ayns Korsør ayns 1762.

## Imraaghyn
1208

## Taghyrtyn
* 11 Sauin &ndash; Va Otto IV reiht ec yn ooashlaght Ghermaanagh myr ree yn Ghermaan ayns Frankfurt.

## Ruggyryn
* Kolbeinn ungi Arnórsson, toshiagh Eeslynnagh (b. 1245)

## Baaseyn
* 18 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Mark Ibn Kunbar, saggyrt Coptagh Egyptagh
* 27 Luanistyn &ndash; Irene Angelina, benrein heshee yn Çhissyl as y Ghermaan
John Quane

She shiaulteyr, marçhan, as politickeyr Manninagh va **John Quane** (1757–1838). 

## Beashnys
Daag eh e valley son dy hiaulley er y cheayn tra v'eh feer aeg. Hoshiaght, ren eh obbraghey er brig geayil raad chossyn eh faill er 45 skillin 'sy vlein. Car Caggey Seyrsnys America, v'eh goit myr kimmagh. Jeeragh lurg e heyrey, v'eh tayrnit stiagh 'sy Lhuingys Chaggee Reeoil. V'eh seyrit voish y çhirveish shen fo conaantyn Hee Phaarys 'sy vlein 1783. Lurg shen, hoshee ayrn rahoil y choorse bea echey. Hie eh dys yn Injey raad haink rah er 'sy traght preevaadjagh.

Ayns 1796, v'eh eginit dy gholl er-ash dys Mannin kyndagh rish y lag-laynt. V'eh jargal beaghey dy mie as ayns 1808 haink eh dy ve ny Oltey jeh'n Chiare as Feed raad v'eh screeuit dy row eh feer ghiastyllagh da ny boghtyn.

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn magh
*
1687

## Taghyrtyn
* 11 Jerrey Souree &ndash; Va *[[Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica]]* lesh Isaac Newton, ta enmyssit *Principia* chammah, soilshit magh liorish Sheshaght Reeoil Lunnin.

## Ruggyryn
* 4 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Robert Simson, maddaghteyr Albinagh (b. 1768)
* 7 Sauin &ndash; William Stukeley, shenndaalee Sostynagh (b. 1765)

## Baaseyn
* 31 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Francisco Varo, çhengoayllee Spaainagh (r. 1627)
* 13 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Geminiano Montanari, rollageyder Iddaalagh (r. 1633)
1614

## Taghyrtyn
* 23 Luanistyn &ndash; Va Ollooscoill Groningen bunnit 'sy Phobblaght Ollanagh.
* 4 Nollick &ndash; Hoshee Çhennid Osaka 'sy Çhapaan.

## Ruggyryn
* 20 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Samuel Gott, politickeyr Sostynagh (b. 1671)
* 12 Boaldyn &ndash; Giovanni Bernardo Carboni, peinteyr Iddaalagh (b. 1683)
* 27 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Daniel Hallé, peinteyr Frangagh (b. 1675)

## Baaseyn
* 22 Mayrnt &ndash; Filippo Salviati, rollageyder Iddaalagh (r. 1582)
* 17 Mean Souree &ndash; William Bathe, saggyrt Yeeseynagh Yernagh (r. 1564)
1168

## Taghyrtyn
* 20 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Ren Amalric I ruegey yn Egypt reesht voish Ascalon, craghey Bilbeis as baggyrt er Cairo.

## Ruggyryn
* 22 Averil &ndash; Abubakar ibn Gussom, feelee Arabagh (b. 1242)
* 31 Luanistyn &ndash; Zhang Zong, impir Sheenagh (b. 1208)

## Baaseyn
* 5 Averil &ndash; Robert de Beaumont, fer ooasle Sostynagh (r. 1104)
1875

## Taghyrtyn
* 20 Boaldyn &ndash; Va Conaant y Veadar fo-screeuit ayns Paarys, y Rank.
* 16 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Va Ollooscoill Brigham Young bunnit Provo, Utah.

## Ruggyryn
* 4 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Ludwig Prandtl, fishigagh Germaanagh (b. 1953)
* 28 Mayrnt &ndash; Helen Westley, ben-aghteyr ardan as fillym Americaanagh (b. 1942)
* 12 Boaldyn &ndash; Krishna Chandra Bhattacharya, fallsoonagh Injinagh (b. 1949)
* 28 Mean Souree &ndash; Henri Lebesgue, maddaghteyr Frangagh (b. 1941)

## Baaseyn
* 23 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Charles Kingsley, screeudeyr Sostynagh (r. 1819)
* 4 Averil &ndash; Karl Mauch, ronseyder Germaanagh (r. 1837)
* 4 Luanistyn &ndash; Hans Christian Andersen, screeudeyr Danvargagh (r. 1805)
* 15 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Hewáŋžiča, toshiagh Americaanagh Dooghyssagh (r. 1790)
1580

## Taghyrtyn
* 6 Averil &ndash; Haghyr craa thallooin ayns Keyllys y Douvyr.
* 11 Mean Souree &ndash; Vunnee Juan de Garay Buenos Aires.

## Ruggyryn
* 12 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Jan Baptist van Helmont, kemmigagh Flandrynagh (b. 1644)
* 5 Boaldyn &ndash; Richard Webb, coloinagh Sostynagh ayns America (b. 1665)
* 6 Mean Souree &ndash; Godefroy Wendelin, rollageyder Flandrynagh (b. 1667)
* 9 Mean Souree &ndash; Daniel Heinsius, schoillar Ollanagh (b. 1655)
* 19 Luanistyn &ndash; Pierre Vernier, maddaghteyr Frangagh (b. 1637)
* 4 Mean Fouyir &ndash; George Percy, ronseyder Sostynagh (b. 1632)
* 20 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Peter Crüger, rollageyder as maddaghteyr Germaanagh (b. 1639)

## Baaseyn
* 18 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Antonio Scandello, cummeyder Iddaalagh (r. 1517)
* 31 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Y Ree Inry yn Phortiugal (r. 1512)
* 1 Luanistyn &ndash; Albrecht Giese, politickeyr as diploamagh Germaanagh (r. 1524)
* 8 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Hieronymus Wolf, screeudeyr shennaghys Germaanagh (r. 1516)
1533

## Taghyrtyn
* 25 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Phoose y Ree Inry VIII Hostyn rish Anne Boleyn dy formoil agh dy keiltynagh.
* 26 Jerrey Souree &ndash; Va'n Sapa Inca Atahualpa currit gy baase fo oardee Francisco Pizarro ayns Cajamarca.

## Ruggyryn
* 28 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Paul Luther, sheanseyr Germaanagh (b. 1593)
* 7 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Y Venrein Ealisaid I Hostyn, inneen lesh y Ree Inry VIII Hostyn (b. 1603)
* 27 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Stefan Batory, Ree yn Pholynn (b. 1586)

## Baaseyn
* 4 Jerrey Souree &ndash; John Frith, saggyrt as martyr Protestoonagh Sostynagh (r. 1503)
* 20 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Veit Stoss, jallooder Germaanagh (r. c. 1447)
1607

## Taghyrtyn
* 24 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Va *[[L'Orfeo]]* liorish Claudio Monteverdi, y chied chaiulldramey lane-lhiassit 'sy stoyr noa-emshiragh, cloiet da'n chied cheayrt ec Plaase y Diuc ayns Mantua
* 14 Boaldyn &ndash; Va Jamestown, y Virjeeney, bunnit myr y chied choloin veayn Hostynagh ayns America Hwoaie
* 27 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Honnick Johannes Kepler Comaid Halley.

## Ruggyryn
* 30 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Willem Nieupoort, politickeyr as diploamagh Ollanagh (b. 1678)
* 31 Boaldyn &ndash; Johann Wilhelm Baur, ellyneyr Germaanagh (b. 1640)
* 24 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Jan Lievens, peinteyr Ollanagh (b. 1674)
* 19 Nollick &ndash; Remigius van Leemput, peinteyr ass Jiass y Çheer Injil (d. 1675)

## Baaseyn
* 6 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Guidobaldo del Monte, maddaghteyr, rollageyder, as fallsoonagh Iddaalagh (r. 1545)
* 11 Mayrnt &ndash; Giovanni Maria Nanino, cummeyder Iddaalagh (r. c. 1543)
* 16 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Hōzōin In'ei, ynseyder Buddhagh Shapaanagh (r. 1521)
1632

## Taghyrtyn
* 17 Mean Souree &ndash; Hooar Mumtaz Mahal, ben heshee ghraihagh lesh Shah Jahan, baase erreish j'ee e 14oo lhiannoo y vrey. Tammylt beg ny yei, hoshee troggalys er y Taj Mahal.
* 25 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Vunnee Pyotr Beketov Yakutsk 'sy Roosh

## Ruggyryn
* 18 Toshiaght Arree &ndash Giovanni Battista Vitali, cummeyder Iddaalagh (b. 1692)
* 24 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Antoine Benoist, peinteyr Frangagh (b. 1717)
* 29 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Juriaen van Streeck, peinteyr Ollanagh (b. 1687)
* 29 Luanistyn &ndash; John Locke, fallsoonagh Sostynagh (b. 1704)
* 24 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Anton van Leeuwenhoek, sheanseyr Ollanagh (b. 1723)
* 31 Jerrey Fouyir (*bashtit*) &ndash; Johannes Vermeer, peinteyr Ollanagh (b. 1675)

## Baaseyn
* 25 Boaldyn &ndash; Adam Tanner, maddaghteyr as fallsoonagh Austeyragh (r. 1572)
* 29 Jerrey Souree &ndash; Samuel Ampzing, çhengoayllee as screeudeyr shennaghys Ollanagh (r. 1590)
* 8 Nollick &ndash; Philippe van Lansberge, rollageyder Flandrynagh (r. 1561)
1666

## Taghyrtyn
* 2 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Hoshee Aile Mooar Lunnin myr lossan ayns shapp fuinneyder lesh Thomas Farriner er Pudding Lane, faggys da Droghad Lunnin. Harrish kiare laaghyn, scryss yn aile ny smoo na 13,000 troggalyssyn as thieyn (goaill stiagh Shenn Ard-cheeill Phaayl), as varr eh shey sleih choud's va 80,000 faagit feer voght as gyn thie.

## Ruggyryn
* 13 Luanistyn &ndash; William Wotton, schoillar Sostynagh (b. 1727)
* 5 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Gottfried Arnold, screeudeyr shennaghys agglishagh Germaanagh (b. 1714)
* 6 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Y Tsar Ivan V y Roosh (b. 1696)
* 12 Sauin &ndash; Mary Astell, screeudeyr Sostynagh (b. 1731)

## Baaseyn
* 28 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Tommaso Dingli, ard-obbree as jallooder Maltagh (r. 1591)
* 18 Mayrnt &ndash; Jan van Vliet, çhengoayllee Ollanagh (r. 1622)
* 12 Mean Souree &ndash; Abraham van der Hulst, ard-marragh Ollanagh (r. 1619)
* 23 Luanistyn &ndash; Johannes Hoornbeek, jeeoilagh Ollanagh (r. 1617)
* 29 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; James Shirley, dramadeyr Sostynagh (r. 1596)
* 22 Nollick &ndash; Guercino, peinteyr Iddaalagh (r. 1591)
1714

## Taghyrtyn
* 20 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Haghyr crooinaghey Horys I y Vretyn Vooar as Nerin ayns Abban y Vannishter Heear.

## Ruggyryn
* 9 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Elisabeth Stierncrona, ben ooasle Hoolynnagh (b. 1769)
* 10 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Johann Georg Dominicus von Linprun, sheanseyr Germaanagh (b. 1787)
* 22 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Sarah Osborn, screeudeyr Americaanagh (b. 1796)
* 8 Mayrnt &ndash; Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, cummeyder Classicagh Germaanagh (b. 1788)
* 2 Jerrey Souree &ndash; Christoph Willibald Gluck, cummeyder Germaanagh (b. 1787)
* 24 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Alaungpaya, Ree yn Vurmey (b. 1760)
* 31 Nollick &ndash; Michel Ferdinand d'Albert d'Ailly, rollageyder Frangagh (b. 1769)

## Baaseyn
* 4 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Atto Melani, arraneyder kiaulldramey Iddaalagh (r. 1626)
* 24 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Edmund Andros, kiannoort Sostynagh ayns America Hwoaie (r. 1637)
* 17 Averil &ndash; Philipp Heinrich Erlebach, cummeyder Germaanagh (r. 1657)
* 20 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Anna Waser, peinteyr Elveeishagh (r. 1678)
* 5 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Kaibara Ekiken, fallsoonagh Shapaanagh (r. 1630)
1782

## Taghyrtyn
* 30 Sauin &ndash; Caggey Bun-chaghlaaee America: Ayns Paarys, ren ynnydee voish ny Steatyn Unnaneysit as Reeriaght y Vretyn Vooar fo-screeu artyn shee shallidagh (va jeant formoil myr Conaant Phaarys ny s'anmey).

## Ruggyryn
* 4 Mayrnt &ndash; Johann Rudolf Wyss, screeudeyr Elveeishagh (b. 1830)
* 26 Jerrey Souree &ndash; John Field, cummeyder Yernagh (b. 1837)
* 27 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Nicolò Paganini, biolchloieder as cummeyder Iddaalagh (b. 1840)
* 5 Nollick &ndash; Martin Van Buren, hoghtoo Eaghtyrane ny Steatyn Unnaneysit (b. 1862)

## Baaseyn
* 2 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Johann Christian Bach, cummeyder Germaanagh (r. 1735)
* 15 Boaldyn &ndash; Richard Wilson, peinteyr Goaldagh (r. 1714)
Quintin Craufurd

She ughtar Goaldagh va **Quintin Craufurd** (22 Mean Fouyir 1743 – 23 Sauin 1819). V'eh ruggit ayns Cill D'Fhinnein, Nalbin.

## Beashnys
'Sy vea leah echey hie eh dys yn Injey raad hie eh stiagh ayns shirveish Cholught Goaldagh yn Injey Hiar. Haink eh er-ash dys yn Oarpey roish my ren eh roshtyn daeed bleeaney d'eash as berçhys mooar echey. Hie eh dys Paarys raad ren eh beaghey. Hug eh mooarane dys lhiassaghey yn lettyraght as ny h-ellynyn, as chroo eh lioarlann vie as çhaglym dy pheintalyn, boynnyn, as reddyn elley shenndeeagh.

Va Craufurd mynoayllagh rish y chooyrt Rangagh, as rish Marie Antoinette er lheh. She eshyn, goll liorish e gliminagh Eleanore Sullivan, fer jeusyn ren reaghey çhea dys Varennes. Ren eh scapail dys y Vrussyl, agh ayns 1792 haink eh er-ash dys Paarys as eh shirrey ny kimmee reeoil y hauail. Ren eh beaghey mastey ny h-eebyrtee Rangagh derrey shee Amiens tra v'eh jantagh filley er-ash dys Paarys. Rere cummaght Talleyrand hannee eh ayns Paarys lurg va'n caggey aa-noait as hooar eh baase ayn er 23 Sauin 1819.
Garth Williams

She ellyneyr Americaanagh va **Garth Montgomery Williams** (16 Averil 1912 – 8 Boaldyn 1996). Haink ard-ghoo er 'syn eash eddyr-chaggee myr tayrneyder lioaryn paithçey. Ta mooarane jeh ny lioaryn va tayrnit echey coontit nish myr classicee yn lettyraght phaitçhyn Americaanagh.

## Imraaghyn
1645

## Taghyrtyn
* 10 Mean Souree &ndash; Caggey Theayagh Hostyn: Va Oliver Cromwell shickyrit myr Aa-ghineraal y Varksleih.

## Ruggyryn
* 22 Toshiaght Arree
** Johann Ambrosius Bach, kiaulleyder Germaanagh (b. 1695)
** Johann Christoph Bach, cummeyder Germaanagh (b. 1693)
* 14 Boaldyn &ndash; François de Callières, screeudeyr as diploamagh Frangagh (b. 1717)
* 16 Luanistyn &ndash; Jean de La Bruyère, screeudeyr Frangagh (b. 1696)
* 26 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Aert de Gelder, peinteyr Ollanagh (b. 1727)
* 6 Nollick &ndash; Maria de Dominici, ellyneyr Maltagh (b. 1703)

## Baaseyn
* 16 Averil &ndash; Tobias Hume, cummeyder Sostynagh (r. 1559)
* 28 Luanistyn &ndash; Hugo Grotius, fallsoonagh as screeudeyr Ollanagh (r. 1583)
1787

## Taghyrtyn
* 11 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Ren William Herschel feddyn magh Titania as Oberon, jees mastey eaystyn Uraanus.
* 17 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Va Bunraght ny Steatyn Unnaneysit fo-screeuit liorish y Cho-chruinnaght Vunraghtoil ayns Philadelphia.
* 7 Nollick &ndash; Hickyree Delaware y Vunraght as, rere shen, haink er dy ve ny chied steat ayns ny Steatyn Unnaneysit.
* 12 Nollick &ndash; Haink er Pennsylvania dy ve ny nah steat ayns ny Steatyn Unnaneysit.
* 18 Nollick &ndash; Haink er New Jersey dy ve ny hrass steat ayns ny Steatyn Unnaneysit.

## Ruggyryn
* 23 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Emma Willard, ynseyder Americaanagh (b. 1870)
* 7 Mayrnt &ndash; George Bethune English, ronseyder as screeudeyr Americaanagh (b. 1828)
* 11 Mayrnt &ndash; Ivan Nabokov, gineraal Rooshagh (b. 1852)
* 28 Jerrey Souree &ndash; Pedro Vélez, politickeyr Meksicagh (b. 1848)
* 24 Luanistyn &ndash; James Weddell, shiaulteyr Goaldagh ren feddyn magh Mooir Weddell (b. 1834)
* 25 Sauin &ndash; Franz Xaver Gruber, cummeyder Austeyragh (b. 1863)
* 10 Nollick &ndash; Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, ynseyder Americaanagh (b. 1851)
* 11 Nollick &ndash; Macacha Güemes, ben-eniagh Argenteenagh (b. 1866)
* 16 Nollick &ndash; Mary Russell Mitford, noaskeealagh as dramadeyr Sostynagh (b. 1855)

## Baaseyn
* 2 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Ignác Raab, ellyneyr Sheckagh (r. 1715)
* 4 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Pompeo Batoni, peinteyr Iddaalagh (r. 1708)
* 2 Averil &ndash; Thomas Gage, gineraal Goaldagh (r. 1719)
* 28 Boaldyn &ndash; Leopold Mozart, cummeyder Austeyragh (r. 1719)
* 20 Mean Souree &ndash; Carl Friedrich Abel, cummeyder Germaanagh (r. 1723)
* 15 Sauin &ndash; Christoph Willibald Gluck, cummeyder Germaanagh (r. 1714)
* 11 Nollick &ndash; Robert de Lamanon, lus-oayllee Frangagh (r. 1752)
1418

## Taghyrtyn
* 29 Boaldyn &ndash; Ghow Juan Neuagglagh, Diuc y Vurgoon, greim er Paarys.

## Ruggyryn
* 8 Nollick &ndash; Benrein Jeonghui, Benrein heshee yn Chorea (b. 1483)
* 12 Nollick &ndash; Ard-diuc Albert VI yn Austeyr (b. 1463)
* *date gyn fys*
** Peddyr II, Diuc y Vritaan (b. 1457)

## Baaseyn
* 22 Mayrnt &ndash; Dietrich von Nieheim, screeudeyr shennaghys Germaanagh
* *date gyn fys*
** Ixtlilxochitl I, reireyder er y steat baljagh Mesoamericaanagh Texcoco, as cocharrey lesh ny h-Asteckee.
1828

## Taghyrtyn
* 8 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Va Partee Deynlagh ny Steatyn Unnaneysit reaghit.
* 21 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Va'n chied phabyr naight Americaanagh Dooghyssagh ayns ny Steatyn Unnaneysit soilshit magh, enmyssit *[[Cherokee Phoenix]]*.
* 5 Jerrey Souree &ndash; Va'n earishlioar hiaghtinoil, *[[The Spectator]]*, bunnit liorish Robert Stephen Rintoul.

## Ruggyryn
* 8 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Jules Verne, ughtar far-skeealaght heanse Frangagh (b. 1905)
* 26 Averil &ndash; Martha Finley, ynseyder as ughtar Americaanagh (b. 1909)
* 17 Luanistyn &ndash; Maria Deraismes, feminagh Frangagh (b. 1894)

## Baaseyn
* 16 Averil &ndash; Francisco Goya, peinteyr Spaainagh (r. 1746)
* 8 Boaldyn &ndash; Mauro Giuliani, cummeyder Iddaalagh (r. 1781)
* 8 Luanistyn &ndash; Carl Peter Thunberg, lus-oayllee Soolynnagh (r. 1743)
* 19 Sauin &ndash; Franz Schubert, cummeyder Austeyragh (r. 1797)
* 22 Nollick &ndash; Robert Blair, rollageyder Albinagh (r. 1748)
1743

## Taghyrtyn
* 27 Luanistyn &ndash; Haink Henry Pelham dy ve ny Ard-vinishter er y Vretyn Vooar.

## Ruggyryn
* 19 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Luigi Boccherini, cummeyder Iddaalagh (b. 1805)
* 13 Averil &ndash; Thomas Jefferson, trass Eaghtyrane ny Steatyn Unnaneysit (b. 1826)
* 24 Boaldyn &ndash; Jean-Paul Marat, irreyder magh, lhee, as sheanseyr Frangagh (b. 1793)
* 26 Luanistyn &ndash; Antoine Lavoisier, kemmigagh Frangagh (b. 1794)
* 11 Sauin &ndash; Carl Peter Thunberg, lus-oayllee Soolynnagh (b. 1828)

## Baaseyn
* 7 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Lodovico Giustini, cummeyder Iddaalagh (r. 1685)
* 14 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Nicolas Lancret, peinteyr Frangagh (r. 1690)
* 27 Nollick &ndash; Hyacinthe Rigaud, peinteyr Frangagh (b. 1659)
Hyacinthe Rigaud

She peinteyr Barockagh Cataloanagh-Frangagh va **Jacint Rigau-Ros i Serra** (18 Jerrey Souree 1659 – 29 Nollick 1743), ta enmyssit **Hyacinthe Rigaud** chammah 'sy Rangish. Ta enney share er er son e cho-chaslyssyn jeh Louisagh XIV as jeh olteynyn elley yn ooashlaght Rangagh.

## Peintalyn


File:1713 - Robert de Cotte (Louvre).jpg|Robert de Cotte (1656–1735) 
File:1689 portrait of a young Philippe d'Orléans, Duke of Chartres, Regent of France by Hyacinthe Rigaud.jpg|Cochaslys Philippe d'Orléans, Diuc Chartres (1674–1723)
File:Hyacinthe Rigaud - Louis de France, Dauphin (1661-1711), dit le Grand Dauphin - Google Art Project.jpg|Louisagh y Rank, Dauphin (1661–1711),  "*Le Grand Dauphin*"
File:Hyacinthe Rigaud - Gio. Francesco II Brignole-Sale - Google Art Project.jpg|Gian Francesco II Brignole, Doge Genova
 
File:Le Brun par Rigaud.jpg|Cochaslys Charles Le Brun
File:Portræt af kong Frederik IV som prins.jpg|Ferdorraghey IV y Danvarg myr y Prinse Crooinagh
File:Hyacinthe Rigaud (d'après) Louis XV.jpg|Cochaslys Louisagh XV, (1727–1729), Versailles
File:1715 - Auguste III de Pologne.jpg|Augustus III y Pholynn

File:La Menasseuse 1709.jpg|La Menasseuse
Suzanne de Boubers de Bernâtre.JPG|Cochaslys Suzanne de Bourbers de Bernâtre
File:Hyacinthe Rigaud (French) - Charles de Saint-Albin, Archbishop of Cambrai - Google Art Project.jpg|Charles de Saint-Albin, Ard-aspick Cambrai
File:Portrait of François Marie de Broglie, Duke of Broglie, Marshal of France (member of the circle of Hyacinthe Rigaud).jpg|Cochaslys Ghiuc Broglie (1671–1745), lieh-lhiurid, ayns eilley marish cloagey crackan lepard ta linnit liorish velvad as Sash Oardagh y Spyrryd Noo, builteen Varshyl y Rank 'sy laue hoshtal echey


## Kianglaghyn magh
* Musee-rigaud - Ynnyd-eggey oikoil Hie Tashtee Rigaud
* Hyacinthe-rigaud - Stoyr obbraghyn liorish Rigaud er ny chur ry-cheilley liorish y çhennaghee ellyn Frangagh Stéphan Perreau
Robert E. Christian

She seyr lhuingey, shiaulteyr, as traghteyr Manninagh va **Robert Edward Christian** (1817 &ndash; 1891). V'eh ruggit ayns Balley Drommey, Maghal ayns balley eirinagh va lesh e lught thie. Tra v'eh ny ghuilley chur eh stiagh yn phrindeysaght echey myr seyr lhuingey cooyrt Taggart ayns Rhumsaa. Ghow eh ymmyd jeh'n oayllys dynsee eh ayn son dy charraghey schooner hie er creggyn faggys da Kione ny h-Ayrey as va kionnit echey. Hiaull eh yn saagh shen myr captan lhuingey feie shiartanse dy vleeantyn. V'eh ny chaptan er ram siyn elley lurg shen as ad kianglt rish traght aamaid America Hwoaie. V'eh currit sheese dy mennick dy nee lhuingysseyr oayllyssagh v'eh. Mysh y vlein 1876, dirree eh ass y vooir as stiur eh dellal broakerys lhuingey. 

Va enney mie er Christian kyndagh rish e studeyrys er y Ghaelg ghooghyssagh v'echey as ren eh çhyndaa kuse vooar jeh ny h-arraneyn as carvallyn Manninagh. Va fir jeh ny çhyndaayssyn shen ry-akin 'sy lioar *[[Carvallyn Gailckagh]]* hie magh ayns 1891.

## Kianglaghyn magh
* Beashnys giare er y Manx Notebook
* Entreilys er Thie Tashtee Vannin lesh Undinys Eiraght Vannin
Far-inçhynaght

Ta **far-inçhynaght** (ny **AI**, voish *Artificial intelligence* y Vaarle) çheet er jargaght jeshaghtyn dy yannoo kiartagyn ta kianglt rish yn inçhynaght gheiney dy cliaghtagh, lheid as yn ynsaghey as feaysley feyshtyn. Ta applicaidyn far-inçhynagh goaill stiagh jeshaghtyn ronsaghey moggyl (m.s., Google Search), coryssyn moylleyder (ta ymmydit ec YouTube, Amazon, as Netflix), toiggal glare gheiney (lheid as Siri as Alexa), gleashtanyn hene-obbragh (m.s., Waymo), greieyn gientynagh ny co-earrooagh (ChatGPT as ellyn ar-inçhynagh), as co-streeu ec y cheim s'yrjey ayns gammanyn strateyshagh (lheid as feeal as Go).

Va'n ar-inçhynaght bunnit myr keird acadoil ayns 1956. Hie yn cheird trooid çhymshalyn jerkallagh as, lurg shen, contaart as coayl argid. Ansherbee, lurg 2012 tra ren yn ynsagh dowin goll shaghey dagh çhaghnys far-inçhynagh elley v'ayn rieau, haghyr bishaghey mooar ayns cooney argid as anaase 'syn ar-inçhynaght.

Ta fo-cheirdyn y ronsaghey far-inçhynagh jeerit er deanyn er lheh as ymmyd greienyn er lheh. Ta deanyn tradishoonagh y ronsaghey far-inçhynagh goaill stiagh resooonaght, tuarastyl tushtey, plannal, ynsagh, obbraghey glare najooragh, tastid, as cooney da'n robotaght. Ta'n inçhynaght chadjin (jargaght feysht heaymagh y reaghey ny y eaysley) coontit mastey deanyn foddey-emshiragh y cheird. Son dy eaysley ny feyshtyn shen, ta ronseyderyn far-inçhynagh er ny yeshaghey as vestey stiagh reayn lheead jeh çhaghnyssyn, goaill stiagh lhiassaghey ronsee as maddaghtoil, resoon formoil, far-voggylyn neayragh, as aghtyn ta bunnit er staydraa, cosoylaght, as tarmaynys. Ta'n ar-inçhynaght tayrn er y çhicklaage, y çhengoaylleeaght, y fallsoonys, oaylleeaght y neayrchorys as er ram keirdyn as magheryn elley.

## Kianglaghyn magh

* Artificial Intelligence. Cowag BBC Radio 4 marish John Agar, Alison Adam & Igor Aleksander (*In Our Time*, 8 Nollick 2005).
Daniela Witten

She bea-staddyseyr Americaanagh ee **Daniela M. Witten**. She olloo as Caairliagh Dorothy Gilford er y Staddyssaght Vaddaghtoil ec Ollooscoill Washington t'ee. Ta e ronsaghey shirrey magh ymmyd yn ynsagh jeshaghtagh son dy hoiggal fysseree ard-howshanagh.

## Bea leah as ynsagh
Ren Witten studeyrys er y vaddaght as y vea-oaylleeaght ec Ollooscoill Stanford, raad dirree ee magh ayns 2005. Hannee ee ayn er son e ronsaghey eear-cheimagh raad chossyn ee keim vainshtyragh 'sy staddyssaght ayns 2006. Va Schoillaraght Gertrude Mary Cox liorish yn American Statistical Association bronnit urree ayns 2008. Va e kione argane ollooagh, *A penalized matrix decomposition, and its applications* oaseirit liorish Robert Tibshirani. Ren ee obbraghey marish Trevor Hastie er yn oltscarrey co-cheintys canoanagh. Ren ee co-screeu *An Introduction to Statistical Learning* ayns 2013. 

## Ronsaghey as coorse bea
Ta Witten cur ynsagh jashaghtagh staddyssaghtoil rish lheihyssyn persoonit as rish jee-choadal y ghienoam. T'ee gymmydey ynsagh jeshaghtagh dy oltscarrey settyn d'ysseree ayns oaylleeaght y neayrchorys as gienoamaght. T'ee boirey er ny mooadyn d'ysseree ayns ny h-oaylleeaghtyn bea-lheihysagh.

V'ee pointit dys Ollooscoill Washington myr Olloo Genentech ayns 2010. Chur Witten rish y tuarastyl 2012 *Evolution of Translational Omics*, chiarail y cliaghtey share ayns çhyndaa ronsaghey oamaghtyn dys lheelannyn. 

She co-reagheyder ee da'n *[[Journal of the American Statistical Association]]*.

## Bea phersoonagh
She y çhuyr s'aa lesh Ilana B. Witten, y çhuyr shinney lesh Rafael Witten, as inneen lesh ny fishigee Chiara Nappi as Edward Witten t'ee. T'ee poost rish y jeshaghteyr cooid vog Ari Steinberg.

## Imraaghyn
Ynsaghey jeshaghtagh

She enmys ymlane eh **ynsaghey jeshaghtagh** ta cur sheese er feaysley feyshtyn. Son eh shen dy yannoo, veagh algorithmyn lhiassit ec claareyderyn deiney ro-gheyr as, ayns e ynnyd ta ny feyshtyn feayslit erreish da cooney y chur rish jeshaghtyn nyn algorithmyn 'hene' y 'gheddyn magh', gyn coyrle jarroo voish un algorithm va lhassit ec deiney. Er gherrid, haink er far-voggylyn neayragh gientynagh dy ve jargal goll harrish troaryn ny h-aghtyn hie rouesyn. Ta aghtyn yn ynsaghey jeshaghtagh er ny ve currit rish mooar-chlowanyn glare, feesh cho-earrooagh, enney glare, sheelaghey post lectraneagh, eirinys as lheihys, raad t'eh ro-gheyr algorithmyn y lhiassaghey son dy yannoo kiartagyn enmyssit as shirrit.

Ta bun maddaghtoil yn ynsaghey jeshaghtagh kiarit trooid aghtyn y lhiassaghey maddaghtoil (claaraghey maddaghtoil). She keird co-chianglt ee meaineraght fysseree, ta jeeraghey er oltscarrey fysseree ronsoil trooid ynsaghey neu-oaseirit. 

Ta'n ynsaghey maddaghtoil goll er enney 'syn ymmyd jeh ayns feyshtyn dellal fo'n ennym olt-scarreydaght aaishnagh. Ga nagh vel dagh ynsaghey jeshaghtagh bunnit er y staddyssaght, she bun scanshoil aghtyn y cheird ee staddyssaght cho-earrooagh. 

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn magh

*International Machine Learning Society
*mloss stoyr-fysseree jeh cooid vog heyr oshlit.
John Quincy Stewart

She fishigagh rollageagh Americaanagh va **John Quincy Stewart** (10 Mean Fouyir 1894 &ndash; 19 Mayrnt 1972).

Hooar eh e Ph.D. ayns fishig voish Ollooscoill Princeton ayns 1919. Dynsee eh fishig rollageagh ayns Princeton voish 1921 derrey dirree eh ass ayns 1963.

She jeshaghteyr aer-lhuingyssagh shivoil, Ard-lieutenant yn Armee, as ard-ynseyder ayns Scoill Yeshaghtys yn Armee car y Chied Chaggey Dowanagh va Stewart. Ny s'anmey v'eh ny yeshaghteyr ronsee 'syn American Telephone and Telegraph Company. Haink anaase er 'syn ishig heshoil ayns 1946, (va ronsit da'n chied cheayrt ayns 1693 liorish y rollageyder Edmond Halley), taishbyney ymmyd ny leighyn fishigagh ayns reamys ny h-oaylleeaghtyn sheshoil, myr sampleyr, ym-hayrn deyngrafeeagh.

Cho-screeu eh tekslioar ghaa-lioaragh ayns 1927 marish Raymond Smith Dugan as Henry Norris Russell: *Astronomy: A Revision of Young’s Manual of Astronomy* (Ginn & Co., Boston, 1926&ndash;27, 1938, 1945). Haink er y lioar shen dy ve ny hekslioar vunneydagh da'n rollageydys feie daa yeihaght. Ta daa ym-lioar ayn: she *The Solar System* y chied ym-lioar as she *Astrophysics and Stellar Astronomy* y nah ym-lioar.

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn magh
* John Q. Stewart biography, John Q. Stewart Papers (C0571) — Princeton U.
* Fotografyn
1457

## Taghyrtyn
* 23 Mean Souree &ndash; Va Christian I reiht myr ree yn Toolynn, goaill jerrey rish y chaggey eddyr y Toolynn as y Danvarg as cur er-ash Unnaneys Kalmar.

## Ruggyryn
* 28 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Ree Inry VII Hostyn (b. 1509)
* 21 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Hedwig Jagiellon, Ben-diuc y Vaveyr, ben-phrinse Polynnagh (b. 1502)

## Baaseyn
* 16 Mayrnt &ndash; László Hunyadi, steateyr as fer caggee Ungaaragh (r. 1433)
* 22 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Peddyr II, Diuc y Vritaan (r. 1418)
1606

## Taghyrtyn
* 24 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Cochialg y Phoodyr Gunney: Hoshee cooish leigh Guy Fawkes as co-chialgeyryn elley er son ny ren ad noi Parlamaid as Jamys I Hostyn.
* 12 Averil &ndash; Va'n chied lhieggan jeh Brattagh yn Unnaneys crooit, son dy ve croghit myr brattagh ashoonagh liorish lhongyn Sostynagh as Albinagh.

## Ruggyryn
* 9 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; William Dugard, prenteyr Sostynagh (b. 1662)
* 3 Mayrnt &ndash; Edmund Waller, feelee Sostynagh (b. 1687)
* 27 Mayrnt &ndash; Hans Svane, steateyr Danvargagh (b. 1668)
* 30 Mayrnt &ndash; Vincentio Reinieri, maddaghteyr as rollageyder Iddaalagh (b. 1647)
* 5 Averil &ndash; Nicolas Perrot d'Ablancourt, çhyndaader Frangagh (b. 1664)
* 6 Mean Souree &ndash; Pierre Corneille, dramadeyr Frangagh (b. 1684)
* 10 Jerrey Souree &ndash; Corfitz Ulfeldt, steateyr Danvargagh (b. 1664)
* 15 Jerrey Souree &ndash; Rembrandt (van Rijn), peinteyr Ollanagh (b. 1669)
* 22 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Li Zicheng, irreyder magh Sheenagh (b. 1645)
* 1 Nollick &ndash; Johann von Hoverbeck, diploamagh Prooshagh (b. 1682)

## Baaseyn
* 29 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Edward Tyrrell, politickeyr Sostynagh (r. 1551)
* 31 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Guy Fawkes, cochialgeyr Sostynagh (currit gy baase) (r. 1570)
Paul Fleming (feelee)

She lhee as feelee Germaanagh va **Paul Fleming**, lettyrit **Flemming** chammah (5 Jerrey Fouyir 1609 – 2 Averil 1640).

Chammah as screeu daanyn as hymnyn, cheau eh shiartanse dy vleeantyn freayll sheshaght rish çhaghteryn Ghiuc Holstein dys y Roosh as dys y Phershey. Ren eh beaghey feie blein ayns Reval er coose yn Estaan raad screeu eh ram daanyn sooree.

## Obbraghyn

*''Rubella seu Suaviorum Liber'' (1631)
**Klagegedichte über das unschüldigste Leiden undt Tod unsers Erlösers Jesu Christi* (Keaynaghyn bentyn rish Surranse as Baase macaintagh nyn Sauailtagh Yeesey Chreest) (1632)
**Prodromus* (1641)
*''Teutsche Poemata'' (Daanyn 'sy Ghermaanish) (1646)
***Geistliche und weltliche Gedichte* (Daanyn Spyrrydoil as Seihlltagh), yn enmys er lhiegganyn anmagh jeh *Teutsche Poemata*
Imraa: 

## Kianglaghyn magh
*Paul Fleming ec bach-cantatas.com
*Paul Fleming (1609–1640) – Liebesgedichte Daanyn sooree as beashnys ec deutsche-liebeslyrik.de
*Paul Fleming (1609–1640) – Liebesgedichte II Daanyn sooree II ec deutsche-liebeslyrik.de
*Paul Fleming (1609–1640) – Liebesgedichte III Daanyn sooree III ec deutsche-liebeslyrik.de
Allie LaForce

She earisheyr, craishteyder, as cosneyder tostyl aalid Americaanagh ee **Alexandra Leigh LaForce** (ruggit er 11 Nollick 1988). She naighteyr t'ee da Warner Bros. Discovery Sports, coodaghey yn *[[NBA on TNT]]*. Roish shoh, v'ee ny naighteyr toshee da gammanyn bluckan coshey colaashtey SEC, naighteyr çheu cooyrtey ry hoi gammanyn bluckan bascaidagh colaashtey, as ny oastagh er *We Need to Talk* er y CBS Sports Network. Chammah's shen, ren LaForce obbraghey myr aker spoyrt scaalheanee as naighteyr da WJW, bollagh çhellveeish ayns Cleveland ta cochianglt rish FOX. Chossyn ee Aundyr Emmy ayns 2011 erreish j'ee akeragh er son y chlaare vluckan coshey ard-scoill *[[WJW (TV)|Friday Night Touchdown]]* lesh FOX 8. She Miss Teen USA v'ee ayns 2005, as chloie ee bluckan bascaidagh colaashtey ec Ollooscoill Ohio.

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn magh

* 
*
Robert Livingston Beeckman

She boorsagh, spoyrteyr, as politickeyr Americaanagh va **Robert Livingston Beeckman** (15 Averil 1866 – 21 Jerrey Geuree 1935). V'eh ny 52h Chiannoort er Ellan Rhode.
1696

## Taghyrtyn
* 20 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Va Lhuingys Chaggee Impiroil y Roosh bunnit rere coyrle voish y Tsar Peddyr Mooar as lowaltys liorish Duma yn Roosh.

## Ruggyryn
* 5 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Giuseppe Galli Bibiena, ellyneyr Iddaalagh (b. 1757)
* 8 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Étienne Parrocel, peinteyr Frangagh (b. 1775)
* 17 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Ernst Gottlieb Baron, cummeyder Germaanagh (b. 1760)
* 6 Mayrnt &ndash; Joseph Anton Feuchtmayer, jallooder Germaanagh (b. 1770)
* 4 Boaldyn &ndash; Louis de Cormontaigne, jeshaghteyr Frangagh (b. 1752)
* 28 Jerrey Souree &ndash; Élisabeth Bégon, screeudeyr Canadagh-Frangagh (b. 1755)
* 19 Sauin &ndash; Louis Tocqué, peinteyr Frangagh (b. 1772)

## Baaseyn
* 13 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Giovanni Cosimo Bonomo, lhee Iddaalagh (r. 1666)
* 12 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; George Bradbury, briw Sostynagh (r. 1643)
* 27 Averil &ndash; Simon Foucher, fallsoonagh Frangagh (r. 1644)
* 22 Jerrey Souree &ndash; Hendrik van Minderhout, peinteyr Flandrynagh (r. 1632)
* 21 Nollick &ndash; Louise Moillon, peinteyr Frangagh (r. 1610)
1492

## Taghyrtyn
* 2 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Tuittym Granada: Lhig Muhammad XII, yn Emmir jerrinagh er Granada, e valley dys ny Monarkyn Catoleagh (Fernando II Aragón as Ysbal I y Chashteel) lurg çhennid liauyr, goaill jerrey rish Caggey Granada as y Reconquista, as goaill jerrey rish y reirey Moslymagh ayns Al-Andalus hie er mayrn feie 780 bleeaney.
* 2 Luanistyn &ndash; Hiauill y shiaulteyr Genovagh Christopher Columbus marish tree lhongyn voish Palos de la Frontera, ayns shirveish Chrooin y Chashteel, er e chied varrinys harrish y Cheayn Sheear as eh geearree goll dys yn Aishey.
* 6 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Hiauill Christopher Columbus voish La Gomera ayns ny h-Ellanyn Canaaragh, e phurt yerrinagh echey roish my jagh eh harrish y Cheay Sheear da'n chied cheayrt.
* 12 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Haink marrinys Christopher Columbus er thalloo 'sy Charib as ren ad tarlheimmey er Guanahaní as eh credjal dy nee ny h-Injyn Hiar t'ayn.
* 28 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Ren Christopher Columbus tarlheimmey er y Choobey.
* 7 Sauin &ndash; Huitt dreigey Ensisheim, dreigey 127 kg (280 lb) er trimmid, ayns magher curnee faggys da balley beg Ensisheim 'syn Alsaash.
* 5 Nollick &ndash; Haink er Christopher Columbus dy ve ny chied Oarpagh cass y chur er ellan Hispaniola.

## Ruggyryn
* 27 Mayrnt &ndash; Adam Ries, maddaghteyr Germaanagh (b. 1559)
* 20 Averil &ndash; Pietro Aretino, ughtar Iddaalagh (b. 1556)
* 30 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Anne d'Alençon, ben ooasle Rangagh (b. 1562)

## Baaseyn
* 7 Mean Souree &ndash; Kazimierz IV Jagiellończyk, Ree yn Pholynn (r. 1427)
* 12 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Piero della Francesca, ellyneyr Iddaalagh (r. c. 1412)
Louise Moillon

She peinteyr jallooyn neu-vio Frangagh 'syn eash Varockagh va **Louise Moillon** (1610–1696). T'eh recortyssit dy daink urree dy ve coontit myr nane jeh ny peinteyryn jallooyn neu-vio 'syn eash eck er-yn-oyr dy ren y Ree Çhalse I Hostyn, chammah as y lught ooasle Frangagh, kionnaghey e peintalyn. Ta enney mie er Moillon chammah er son e aght Flandrynagh ta ry-akin 'syn obbyr eck. Ren Moillon peintal mysh 40 peeshyn d'ellyn car e seihll as ad freillt ayns çhaglymyn eigsoylagh ayns thieyn tashtee as dy preevaadjagh.

## Obbraghyn

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn magh
1844

## Taghyrtyn
* 27 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Hooar y Phobblaght Ghominicagh seyrsnys voish Haiti.
* 24 Boaldyn &ndash; Chur Samuel Morse y chied çhellegram lectragh voish Thie Ardwhaiyl ny Steatyn Unnaneysit ayns Washington D.C. dys y "stoyr mooie" jeh'n B&O Railroad ayns Baltimore, as eh gra "What hath God wrought" ("Ny va obbrit ec Jee").

## Ruggyryn
* 10 Mayrnt &ndash; Pablo de Sarasate, biol-chloieder Spaainagh (b. 1908)
* 25 Mayrnt &ndash; Adolf Engler, lus-oayllee Germaanagh (b. 1930)
* 21 Boaldyn &ndash; Henri Rousseau, ellyneyr Frangagh (b. 1910)
* 5 Luanistyn &ndash; Ilya Repin, peinteyr as jallooder Rooshagh (b. 1930)
* 7 Mean Fouyir &ndash; Charles Romley Alder Wright, kemmigagh Goaldagh (b. 1894)
* 15 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Friedrich Nietzsche, fallsoonagh Germaanagh (b. 1900)

## Baaseyn
* 27 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Charles Nodier, screeudeyr Frangagh (r. 1780)
* 13 Mean Souree &ndash; Thomas Charles Hope, kemmigagh Albinagh, fowder y stroinçhum (r. 1766)
* 15 Mean Souree &ndash; Thomas Campbell, feelee Albinagh (r. 1777)
* 11 Jerrey Souree &ndash; Yevgeny Baratynsky, feelee as fallsoonagh Rooshagh (r. 1800)
* 27 Jerrey Souree &ndash; John Dalton, kemmigagh as fishigagh Sostynagh (r. 1766)
* 14 Sauin &ndash; Flora Tristan, feminagh Frangagh (r. 1803)
1603

## Taghyrtyn
* 24 Mayrnt &ndash; Hooar y Venrein Ealisaid I Hostyn ec Plaase Richmond.

## Ruggyryn
* 2 Mayrnt &ndash; Pietro Novelli, peinteyr Iddaalagh (b. 1647)
* 20 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Simon de Vos, peinteyr Flandrynagh (b. 1676)

## Baaseyn
* 23 Toshiaght Arree &ndash; Andrea Cesalpino, fallsoonagh, lhee, as lus-oayllee Iddaalagh (r. 1519)
* 4 Jerrey Souree &ndash; Philippe de Monte, cummeyder Flandrynagh (r. 1521)
* 23 Jerrey Souree &ndash; Santi di Tito, peinteyr Iddaalagh (r. 1536)
* 6 Jerrey Fouyir &ndash; Jakob Monau, screeudeyr as çhengoayllee Polynnagh (r. 1546)
1601

## Taghyrtyn
* 5 Boaldyn &ndash; Stiur y ronseyder Ollanagh Joris van Spilbergen tree lhongyn (y *Ram*, y *Schaap*, as y *Lam*) voish Compagnie van De Moucheron er e chied varrinys voish Veere dys yn Aishey.

## Ruggyryn
* 19 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Guido Cagnacci, peinteyr Iddaalagh (b. 1663)
* 19 Mayrnt &ndash; Alonzo Cano, peinteyr Spaainagh (b. 1667)
* 6 Mean Souree &ndash; Hendrick Bloemaert, peinteyr Ollanagh (b. 1672)
* 20 Jerrey Souree &ndash; Robert Wallop, politickeyr Sostynagh (b. 1667)

## Baaseyn
* 17 Jerrey Geuree &ndash; Christoffer Valkendorff, politickeyr Danvargagh (r. 1525)
* 17 Mean Souree &ndash; Gabriel Goodman, saggyrt Sostynagh (r. 1528)
* 7 Mean Fouyir &ndash; John Shakespeare, lauaneyr Sostynagh, ayr lesh William Shakespeare (r. 1529)
Salwa Zeidan

She ellyneyr, jallooder, as curmeyder Livaanagh ee **Salwa Zeidan** (). 

## Beashnys
Va Zeidan ruggit ayns Glion Beqaa, y Livaan, agh daag ee e çheer ghooie ayns ny 1980yn. Darree ee dys ny h-Emmiraidyn Arabagh Unnaneysit raad dreill ee gobbraghey myr peinteyr. Churmee ee taishbynyssyn ayns buill eigsoylagh roish my doshil ee e seyrlann hene ayns 1994. Ta galleree Salwa Zeidan soit ayns Abu Dhabi.

## Imraaghyn