open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Yn Vible

She'n **Vible** (voish Greagish Koine τὰ βιβλία, *tà biblía*, "ny lioaryn") lioar chasherick y Chreestiaght. Ta ram vershoonyn anchasley ayn.
## Yn Shenn Chonaant
### Yn Phentateuch
#### Genesis
*Ard-art: [[Genesis]]*

Ta'n ennym **Genesis** çheet voish fockle Greagish, γένεσις, çheet er *brenn*.  She ennym cooie t'ayn son yn chied lioar jeh'n Vible, er yn oyr dy vel eh ooilley mychione yn toshiaght jeh'n Tuinney, sleih, bea lught-thie, ashoonyn, ams. Ta'n chied 11 chabdil mychione traaghyn buneashagh, as t'ad loayrt mychione ny chied h-Ewnyn, voish Adam dys Abraham. Ta ny cabdilyn elley mychione Jee as ny h-Ard-ayryn Abraham; Isaac; Jacob; as mac Yacob, Joseph. Va ooilley jeu "ayryn" jeh yn sleih ren Jee reih. Ta'n lioar dooney lesh yn "Sleih reiht" 'syn Egypt.

#### Exodus
Ta'n ennym **Exodus** çheet voish Greagish, ἔξοδος, Exodos, çheet er *goll magh*.  Ta'n ennym çheet voish nane jeh ny skeealyn smoo scanshoil sy lioar, ny Israelitee *goll magh* ass yn Eajipt, agh ta ram skeealyn scanshoil elley taghyrt sy lioar, myr sampleyr, yn çhenjaght jeh'n Sleih Reiht sy'n Eajipt, etlagh as eam Voses, as connantey Yee lesh ashoon Israel ec Sinai - tra ta ny Jeih Annaghyn currit magh trooid Moses dys yn sleih.

#### Leviticus
#### Earrooyn
#### Deuteronomy
### Ny Lioaryn Hennaghys
#### Joshua
#### Briwnyn
#### Ruth
#### 1 Samuel
#### 2 Samuel
#### 1 Reeaghyn
#### 2 Reeaghyn
#### 1 Recortyssyn
#### 2 Recortyssyn
#### Ezra
#### Nehemiah
#### Esther
### Ny Lioaryn Bardagh
#### Job
#### Psalmyn
#### Raaghyn Creeney
#### Eclesiastes
#### Arrane Solomon
### Ny Lioaryn Fadeyragh
#### Isiah
#### Jeremiah
#### Dobberran
#### Ezekiel
#### Daniel
#### Hosea
#### Joel
#### Amos
#### Obadiah
#### Jonah
#### Micah
#### Nahum
#### Habbakkuk
#### Zephaniah
#### Haggai
#### Zechariah
#### Malachi
## Yn Chonaant Noa
### Ny Sushtalee
#### Mian
#### Mark
#### Luke
#### Ean
### Shennaghys
#### Jannoo ny Hostallyn
### Ny Screeuynyn
#### Romannee
#### 1 Corinthianee
#### 2 Corinthianee
#### Galatianee
#### Ephesianee
#### Philipiannee
#### Colossianee
#### 1 Thessalonianee
#### 2 Thessalonianee
#### 1 Timothy
#### 2 Timothy
#### Titus
#### Philemon
#### Hebrewnee
#### Jamys
#### 1 Peddyr
#### 2 Peddyr
#### 1 Ean
#### 2 Ean
#### 3 Ean
#### Yude
### Lioar Fadeyragh
#### Ashlish

## Kianglaghyn mooie
Y Vible Ghaelgagh
Arthur Caley

Va **Routh Goshen**, ny **Arthur James Caley**, ruggit ayns Sulby ayns Mannin 'sy vlein 1824 as s'liklee dy re eshyn va'n dooinney s'lhiurey 'sy theihll 'sy lhing echey. Tra v'eh slane aasit va Caley dy firrinagh "ny ghooinney gollrish slieau", as eh 7 trieyn as 11 oarlagh er lhiurid as ny smoo na 28 claghyn er trimmid. 

Va Caley ruggit ayns 1824 ec boayl enmyssit y Çhibbyr, meeiley ny ghaa çheu-heear jeh Sulby, as ta boallaghyn folmey yn thie beg foast er mayrn jiu. Tra v'eh foast bio as cloie ayns ny Steatyn Unnaneyssit, v'eh enmyssit **Colonel Routh Goshen** ny **yn Foayr Arabagh** ny **Foayr y Phalasteen**.

Rish foddey v'eh goll er credjal dy ren Caley cummal ec Thie-oast Glion Sulby, ayn ta frameyn dorrys feer vooar, agh ren ronsaghey prowal nagh row shoh kiart, son ta caslys-çheerey OS voish 1870 ayn - foddey lurg da'n Foawr v'er n'aagail yn Ellan - t'eh jeeaghyn nagh row yn thie-oast troggit ec y traa shen.

Va'n ayr echey, shenn Arthur Caley, ny eirinagh as dynsee Arthur aeg y cheird cheddin, agh cha nee derrey v'eh ayns ny bleeantyn jeig s'jerree echey dy ghow eh toshiaght er gaase dy mooar, as hie shen er derrey v'eh bunnys jeih as feed.

Daag eh Mannin ayns 1851 dy chosney ard-ghoo as berçhys er e hon 'sy RU, as haink eh rish ayns taishbynyssyn ayns Manchuin as Lunnin roish my jagh eh dys Paarys, raad haink eh dy ve ny hayrnys ennymoil ayns ny 'salons'.

Ren ny beashnyssyn far-skeealagh fosyn ec y traa gra dy row eh ruggit ayns Jerusalem er 5 Boaldyn 1837. Lurg dirree eh ass yn obbyr echey, hoie eh ayns Middlebush, Jersee Noa raad hooar eh yn far-ennym **Foayr Middlebush**.
Scell-X

She **scell-X** ny **scell-Röntgen** yn ennym t'er sorçh dy scell lectro-vagnaidagh. Ta tonn-lhiurid scellyn-X eddyr 0.01 as 10 nanomeedyr. Ta ny tonn-lhiuridyn ny s'girrey na scellyn UV as ny s'liurey na scellyn gamma. Ayns ymmodee çhengaghyn elley, ta'd gra *x* ayns ynnyd jeh *Röntgen*.
Anders Celsius

Haink **Anders Celsius** (27 Sauin 1701 &ndash; 25 Averil 1744) veih lught-thie chossyn ard-ghoo ayns sheanse.  V'eh ruggit ayns Uppsala 'sy Toolynn 'sy vlein 1701. V'eh jeant ny olloo er y rollageydys ayns 1943 ayns Ollooscoill Uppsala.

Ren Anders Celsius studeyrys er yn Aurora Borealis, ta shen dy ghra, lossan y twoaie. As phrow eh feddyn y mooadys jeh rollageyn ennagh liorish towse y ghillid oc.

'Sy vlein 1742 hug eh er bun yn aarey-tempreilys ta beaynaghey yn ennym echey, yn aarey Celsius. Ayns y toshiaght, dooyrt eh dy nee 0° va point-broie ushtey, as dy nee 100° va point-rioee ushtey. Agh ayns 1945, lurg baase Celsius voish çhingys y cleeau, hug Carl Linnaeus shen bun ry skyn as dooyrt eh:
* Point-rioee ushtey = 0°C
* Point-broie ushtey = 100°C
Poynt broie

Y **poynt broie** jeh stoo, ta shen y tempreilys t'eh caghlaa veih ushlagh gys gas feiy'n ushlagh ooilley. Ta'n poynt broie croghey er y vroo. Myr s'yrjey yn broo, s'yrjey yn point-broie. (Myr s'yrjey yn broo, smoo doillee da ny co-vreneenyn scapail veih my cheilley.) Ec broo aeragh cliaghtagh (76cm Hg), she 100°C poynt broie ushtey. Agh my ta'n broo aeragh corrym rish 152cm Hg, she 120°C poynt broie ushtey.

Oddagh poynt broie ushtey ve cho injil as 80°C er mullagh slieau - veagh eh doillee bee y choagyrey ayns shen.
Poynt lheie

Y **poynt lheie** jeh stoo, ta shen y tempreilys t'eh caghlaa veih stooaltane dys ushlagh.  Ta'n poynt lheie croghey er glennid stoo. Ta ushtey jarroo-ghlen riojey ec 0°C. My t'ou cur sollan stiagh syn ushtey, ta'n poynt rioee tuittym. Myr shen, she ushlagh t'ayn, eer my vees y tempreilys fo 0°C. My t'ou cur tooilley sollan stiagh, ta'n poynt rioee çheet dy ve ny s'inshley.

Ta'n poynt lheie croghey er y vroo neesht. Son y chooid smoo dy stooghyn, myr smoo yn broo, s'yrjey yn poynt lheie. Agh cha nel ushtey myr shen. Ta ushtey mooadaghey tra t'eh riojey. My ta'n broo goll seose, t'eh ny s'doillee da'n ushtey mooadaghey, as t'eh tannaghtyn myr ushlagh fo 0°C - tra ta'n broo aeragh ny s'yrjey na 76 cm Hg (100 kPa) ta poynt rioee ushtey ny s'inshley na 0°C.

My t'ou kiangley streng cheyl rish meih trome as croghey shen veih block dy rio as y streng goll mygeayrt y vlock, nee shen jeeaghyn dhyt yn aght ta broo ginjillaghey yn poynt lheie.

Ta'n broo mooar er y fa dy vel y streng cheyl. Ta'n rio fo'n treng lheie as ta'n meih tuittym veggan as ny veggan. Myr ta'n streng giarrey trooid y vlock, yn ushtey faagit erskyn y treng, t'eh riojey reesht. Er jerrey, cha beagh fys ayd dy row yn block giarrit.
Caloree

She yn **caloree** (cal) yn unnid tradishoonagh jeh çhiass.
1 cal = çhiass dy hroggal y tempreilys jeh 1g dy h-ushtey liorish 1°C.
1 kilocaloree (kcal) = 1000cal = 103cal
Er mynjeigyn bee ny keayrtyn, tra t'ou fakin 'caloreeyn', she kilocaloreeyn t'ayn.
1 caloree = 4.19 Joule
Ym-obbraghey kemmigagh

Smooinee er ny reddyn ta taghyrt tra ta geayl goll er lostey.  Ta jaagh çheet magh ass, ta leoaie goll er jannoo as ta çhiass goll er giennaghtyn.  Cha nod y leoaie as y jaagh ve currit ry-cheilley reesht geayl y yannoo - she shen, cha nod y chaghlaa goll ergooyl.  She **ym-obbraghey kemmigagh** ny **caghlaa kemmigagh** t'ayn.
Caghlaa corpagh, shen caghlaa ta stoo noa çheet magh ass. Er y chooid smoo, cha nod y caghlaa goll ergooyl.
## Sambil
Er y chooid smoo, ta kemmig dellal rish caghlaaghyn kemmigagh.  Ta sambil dy liooar jeh ym-obbraghyn kemmigagh ry-gheddyn mygeayrt y mooin.  Myr sampleyr, ta ym-obbraghey kemmigagh taghyrt tra ta shin jannoo arran-greddan.  As ta ym-obbraghey kemmigagh taghyrt tra ta meer dy yiarn çheet dy ve mergagh.  Ta'n yiarn gym-obbraghey lesh yn ocsygien syn aer, as ta shen croo stoo ta shin gra ocseed yiarn rish - ny merg, ny ta shin gra dy cadjin.  As lurg tammylt ta daah glass çheet er ny mullee-chobbyr jeh troggalyn ennagh kyndagh rish ym-obbraghey kemmigagh.  Sambyl elley jeh ym-obbraghey kemmigagh, shen coagyrey bee.  Ayns ny kirp ain, ta ym-obbraghey kemmigagh feasley bree dy chummal shin çheh.  As ayns kishtaghyn-pooar, ta ym-obbraghyn kemmigagh feasley bree ayns cummey lectraghys.
## Cowraghyn
# Ta stoo noa er ny chroo, stoo jeh un torçh, er nonney, ny shlee na un torçh. (Myr sampleyr: yiarn + sulfur → sulfeed yiarn)
# Ta bree currit magh ny goit stiagh tra ta ym-obbraghey kemmigagh jeant.
# Er y chooid smoo, cha nod ym-obbraghey kemmigagh goll ergooyl.
Ocseed yiarn

Ta **ocseedyn yiarn** çheet er co-vunstooghyn ta jeant ass yiarn as ocsygien. Shymmey ocseed yiarn t'ayn. Ta dagh fer jeu nyn stooaltaneyn magnaidagh dooey. T'ad neu-stoichiomeadragh dy mennick. Ta ocsyhiddrocseedyn çheet er rhenk chochianglt dy cho-vunstooghyn, as she mergys ny merg yn fockle ta currit da'n fer smoo ennit.

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn magh

* CDC – NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
Sulfeed yiarn

Foddee **sulfeed yiarn** çheet er reamys mooar dy cho-vunstooghyn ta jeant as yiarn as sulfur.

## Stoo meainagh
Oardit rere shickyrys as girree:
* Sulfeed yiarn(II), FeS
* Greigeet, Fe3S4 (kioobagh)
* Pyrroteet, Fe1−xS (raad ta x = 0 derrey 0.2) (un-chleaynyssagh ny shey-lhiatteeagh)
* Troileet, FeS, kione-oltey pyrroteet (shey-lhiatteeagh)
* Mackinaweet, Fe1+xS (raad ta x = 0 derrey 0.1) (tetraganeagh)
* Marcaseet, cair-rhomeagh FeS2
* Pyreet, FeS2 kioobagh (airh yn ommidan)
* Arsenopyreet (*mispickel*), FeAsS, ny Fe(As-S), Fe(III) arseno-hulfeed (un-chleaynyssagh) mestit

## Taahit
* Sulfeed yiarn(III), Fe2S3
* Dossyn yiarn–sulfur, goaill stiagh adsyn ta taahit chammah's adsyn ta bea-oaylleeagh

## Bea-oaylleeagh
* Proteen yiarn–sulfur
Co-vreneen

S'goan ny bunstooghyn ta jeant ass breneenyn ta ny lomarcan.  Dy cliaghtagh, ta breneenyn çheet ry-cheilley ayns piyryn ny ayns possanyn. Eisht, ta shin gra **co-vreneenyn** rish ny floagyn shoh. Myr sampleyr, ayns boteil d'ocsygien, cha nel breneen erbee ny lomarcan aynjee - ta ooilley ny breneenyn kianglt ry-cheilley ayns piyryn. Ta'n red cheddin ry-gheddyn bentyn rish hiddragien as eeadeen.

Co-vreneen - ta shen yn ayrn sloo jeh bunstoo ny jeh co-vunstoo oddys ve ayn dy neuchrogheydagh. My ta ooilley ny breneenyn ayns co-vreneen ny vreneen cheddin, ta shin gra **[[co-vreneen bunstoo]]** rish.

Goll rish breneenyn, ta co-vreneenyn feer vinniagagh. Ta millioonyn dy cho-vreneenyn ushtey ayns y vine sloo d'ushtey. Er y fa dy vel millioonyn dy vunstooghyn ayn, ta millioonyn dy horçhyn dy cho-vreneenyn ayn. Ta kemmigee soilshaghey co-vunstooghyn lesh formlaghyn kemmigagh.

She H2O yn formley ta shassoo son ushtey er yn oyr dy vel daa vreneen hiddragien sniemmit lesh un vreneen ocsygien. Y formley ta shassoo son daa-ocseed charboan, ta shen CO2 er y fa dy vel breneen carboan sniemmit lesh daa vreneen ocsygien.
Ocseed vercur(II)

Ta **ocseed vercur(II)**, ny **ocseed vercuragh** ny **ocseed vercur**, çheet er y cho-vunstoo neuorgaanagh lesh y formley kemmigagh HgO. Ta daah ruy ny oranje echey. Ec tempreilys as broo y çhamyr, ta'n ocseed vercur(II) ny stooaltane. S'goan ta'n cummey meainagh montroydeet.

## Shennaghys
Va'n chied chur sheese bentyn rish prowaltys da aarlaghey'n ocseed vercur jeant ec yn 'ar-chemmigagh Araabagh-Spaainagh, Maslama al-Majriti, 'sy 11d eash ayns *Rutbat al-hakim.*

Ayns 1774, ren Joseph Priestley feddyn magh dy vel çhiow yn ocseed vercur skeaylley magh yn ocsygien. Ansherbee, cha d'enmys eh yn gas myr ocsygien, as ren eh smooinaghtyn dy nee "aer jee-phlogistit" v'ayn.

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn magh

* Fysseree ec Webelements.
Geayrag hulfuragh

Ta **geayrag hulfuragh** çheet er geayrag veainagh ta jeant ass ny bunstooghyn sulfur, ocsygien, as hiddragien, lesh y formley kemmigagh H2SO4. She ushlaght ghleiynagh gyn daah, gyn soar t'eh, as t'eh so-vestagh rish ushtey.
Cloreed litçhey

Ta **cloreed litçhey** çheet er y cho-vunstoo lesh y formley LiCl. She co-vunstoo eeaneagh sampleyragh (lesh troghyn co-fioosagh er lheh) eh yn sollan, agh ta mooadys beg yn eeane Li+ cur rish troghyn nagh vel ry-akin ayns cloreedyn meain alkalaih elley, goaill stiagh lheiaght neuchadjinagh ayns lheihee phoullagh (83.05&nbsp;g/100&nbsp;mL d'ushtey ec 20&nbsp;°C) as e hroyn tash-scoipagh.

## Imraaghyn
Cloreed vagnaishum

Ta **cloreed vagnaishum** çheet er y cho-vunstoo neuorgaanagh lesh y formley kemmigagh MgCl2. T'eh croo ny hiddraidyn MgCl2·*n*H2O, raad ta *n* reaynal eddyr 1 as 12. Ta ny sollanyn shoh nyn stooaltaneyn bane ny gyn daah as t'ad feer lheiagh 'syn ushtey. Shimmey ymmyd yn-obbree t'ec ny co-vunstooghyn shoh as nyn lheihyssyn, as ta'n jees jeu ry-gheddyn seyr 'sy çhymmyltaght najooragh.
Ocseed hodjum

Ta **ocseed hodjum** çheet er co-vunstoo lesh y formley kemmigagh Na2O. T'eh ymmydit 'sy phasheydys as ayns glennaghyn. She stooaltane bane t'eh agh cha nel eh ry-gheddyn dy mennick. Dy cadjin, ta "ocseed hodjum" ymmydit dy chur sheese er co-oltyn stooghyn eigsoylagh lheid as glennaghyn as lhiaseyderyn thallooin ta goaill stiagh ocseedyn lesh sodjum as bunstooghyn elley.
Ocseed ollymin

Ta **ocseed ollymin** (ny **ocseed ollymin(III)**) çheet er y cho-vunstoo lesh y formley kemmigagh Al2O3 ta jeant ass ollymin as ocsygien. Mastey shiartanse d'ocseedyn ollymin, she yn ocseed ollymin y co-vunstoo s'cadjinee. T'eh ry-gheddyn 'sy najoor 'sy phaase yl-chrooagh chrystallagh echey, α-Al2O3 myr y stoo meainagh corundum, as ta arraghyssyn croo ny claghyn ooasle roobeen as saffeer. S'mooar y scansh lesh Al2O3 'syn ymmyd echey ayns jannoo meain ollymin, myr screebeyder kyndagh rish e chreoidys, as myr stoo raghtagh kyndagh rish e phoynt-lheie ard.

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn magh
Hiddrocseed hodjum

Ta **hiddrocseed hodjum**, ta enmyssit **[[booag]]** as **soda loshtagh** chammah, çheet er y cho-vunstoo neuorgaanagh lesh y formley kemmigagh NaOH. She co-vunstoo eeaneagh stooalt bane t'ayn as t'eh jeant ass cateeaneyn sodjum Na+ as aneeaneyn hiddrocseed OH−.

## Imraaghyn
Sulfaid hodjum

Ta **sulfaid hodjum** çheet er y cho-vunstoo neuorgaanagh lesh y formley kemmigagh Na2SO4 chammah's ny hiddraidyn ta goaill rish. Ta dagh cummey ny stooaltane bane as t'ad feer lheieagh 'syn ushtey. Ta'n jeih-hiddraid ny chemmigane earrey scanshoil, as mysh 6 millioonyn dy hunnaghyn jeant jeh dagh blein. T'eh ymmydit myr lhieeneyder ayns jeantys stoo niaghan eaddagh poodyrit as ayns obbraghey Kraft jeh jeantys buiggys pabyr ry hoi jeantys sulfeedyn feer alkalaihagh.

## Imraaghyn
Sulfaid ollymin

She co-vunstoo as sollan lesh y formley kemmigagh Al2(SO<sub>4</sub>)3 eh **sulfaid ollymin**. T'eh yn-lheieagh 'syn ushtey as t'eh ymmydit er y chooid smoo myr jantagh çhiughey (cur rish covuilley floagyn liorish neaghtyraghey yn lught) ayns glenney ushtey iu as ayns obbraghyn glenney ushtey, chammah as ayns jeantys pabyr.

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn magh
* International Chemical Safety Card 1191 
* NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards 
* WHO Food Additive Series No. 12
Carbonaid chelkium

Ta **carbonaid chelkium** ny co-vunstoo jeant ass carboan, kelkium, as ocsygien.  T'eh screeuit myr CaCO3.  Ta shin gra **kelk** da dy mennick.
Cloreed hodjum

Ta **cloreed hodjum**, ta enmyssit sollan meein dy mennick, çheet er y cho-vunstoo eeaneagh lesh y formley kemmigagh **NaCl**, ta soilshaghey corrillagh 1:1 jeh eeaneyn sodjum as cloreed. Ta'n chloreed hodjum ny sollan ta freggyrtagh er y chooid smoo da sailjys saailley as ushlaght neuchillagagh ram bioagyn yl-chillagagh. 'Sy chummey yn-ee echey, ta'n sollan (ta enmyssit *[[sollan meein]]* chammah) ymmydit dy mennick myr aunlyn as myr freaylleyder bee. Ta mooadyn mooarey jeh'n chloreed hodjum ymmydit ayns ram obbraghyn çhynskylagh, as she bun mooar da co-vunstooghyn sodjum as cloreen ta ymmydit ayns stooghyn neu-obbrit ry-hoi co-haaghyn kemmigagh ny s'odjey. Chammah's shen, ta'n chloreed hodjum ymmydit ayns jee-riojey raaidyn tra ta'n tempreilys fo neunhee.

## Kianglaghyn magh

* Salt liorish y United States Geological Survey 
* JtBaker MSDS
Cloreed photashum

Ta **cloreed photashum** (**KCl**, ny **sollan potashum**) er y tollan halleed veain jeant ass potashum as cloreen. T'eh gyn soar as ta cummey crystal glenniagh gyn daah echey. Ta'n stooaltane echey lheie dy arryltagh 'syn ushtey, as ta blass sollanagh ec e lheihyssyn. Foddee cloreed photashum y gheddyn voish shenn-tashtaghyn ayns loghyn çhirmey. Ta cloreed photashum ymmydit myr lhiasaghey thallooin, ayns medshin, ayns ymmydyn sheansagh, ayns boggeyderyn ushtey thie (myr ynnydagh da sollan cloreed hodjum), as ayns freayltys bee myr bishaght raad t'eh enmyssit lesh yn earroo E **E508**.

T'eh ry-gheddyn 'sy çhymmyltaght najooragh myr y stoo meainagh sylvineet.

## Imraaghyn
Carbonaid hodjum

Ta **carbonaid hodjum** (ta enmyssit **soda niaghyn**, **soda-leoie** as **crystallyn soda**) çheet er y cho-vunstoo orgaanagh lesh y formley Na2CO3 as lesh ny hiddraidyn ta goaill rish. Ta dagh cummey jeh'n charbonaid hodjum bane ayns daah, gyn soar, as nyn sollanyn ushtey-lheieagh ta cur magh lheihyssyn alkalaihagh 'syn ushtey. Dy shenndeeagh, v'eh goit ass leoie dy lossreeyn va gaase ayns ooiraghyn lane lesh sodjum. Kyndagh rish yn anchaslys mooar eddyr leoie jeh ny lossreeyn shoh as leoie aamaid (va ymmydit hannah hene son potash y yannoo), haink carbonaid hodjum dy ve enmyssit "soda-leoie". S'mooar yn mooad jeh ta jeant lesh cooney obbraghey Solvay voish cloreed hodjum as clagh aile, chammah's liorish carboanaghey hiddrocseed hodjum ta jeant liorish yn obbraghey Clor-alkalaih.

## Imraaghyn
Sulfaid chelkium

Ta **sulfaid chelkium** (ny **sulfait chelkium**) çheet er y cho-vunstoo neuorgaanagh lesh y formley kemmigagh CaSO4 as ny hiddraidyn kianglt r'ee.
Algeerey

She **algeerey** y paart dy vaddaght ta jannoo ymmyd jeh lettyryn as cowraghyn elley dy chowraghey earrooyn ayns formlaghyn as cormidyn.
Cronk ny Marrey (reddaghey)

Foddee **Cronk ny Marrey** çheet er:
* Cronk ny Marrey - claare çhellveeish jeant ec ÇhellVeeish.
* Cronk ny Marrey - yn valley far-skeealagh raad ta'n chlaare soit.
Cruinlagh

Ayns fishig ta **cruinlagh** çheet er coorse kiarkylagh red erbee fo cleayney yn ym-hayrn mygeayrt boayl 'syn 'eaynid, myr sampleyr cruinlagh planaid mygeayrt çheshvean chorys rollageagh, lheid as Corys ny Greiney. Ta cruinlagh eelipsagh ec planaidyn dy cadjin.
Frassaghey

'Syn emshyraght, ta **frassaghey** çheet er troar erbee jeh coghlooghey y ghaal ushtey aeraghtagh as eh tuittym gys y thalloo fo cleayney yn ym-hayrn. T'ad ny sorçhyn smoo scanshoil jeh na'n dramane, y joanlagh, y fliaghey, y fliugh-niaghtee, y sniaghtey as y sniaghtey garroo. Ta'n fliaghey taghyrt tra ta ayrn ynnydagh jeh'n aeraght çheet dy ve cha saiht lesh y ghaal ushtey dy vel yn ushtey coghlooghey as "frassaghey". Cha nel y kay as y sou coontit myr frassaghey er-yn-oyr nagh vel ad tuittym. Ta daa obbraghey, as ad gobbraghey ry-cheilley ny keayrtyn, cur rish saiaghey yn aer: feayraghey yn aer ny bishaghey gaal ushtey 'syn aer.
Abhainn tSocair

She awin ayns Coontae Ghoon ny Ghoal, Nerin, ee **Abhainn tSocair** (Yernish son *Awin Soccaragh*; ). T'ee girree ayns bun na Cruacha Gorma çheu hiar hiar yiass veih'n inver eck as t'ee roie feie 17 km gys y Cheayn Sheear. Er y choorse eck t'ee roie trooid y valley beg Ard an Rátha ta ny lhie begnagh er yn inver. Ta an Abhainn Rua ("yn Awin Ruy") çheet ry-cheilley rish Abhainn tSocair faggys da'n voir eck.
Bibi Baskin

She aa-hebbeyder claare radio as çhellveeish marish Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ) ee **Olive "Bibi" Baskin** (ruggit er 19 Boaldyn 1952). Myrane lesh yn obbyr eck marish RTÉ ren ee obbraghey myr earisheyr as screeudeyr son earishlioaryn as pabyryn-naight. Ec y traa t'ayn t'ee stiurey thie oast as thie goaldagh eiraghtagh ayns Alleppey, Kerala, yn Injey.

Daag Baskin RTÉ ayns ny 1990yn as ren ee goll gys Sussex Heear, Sostyn, raad ren ee tannaghtyn ayn feie queig bleeaney gobbraghey er shaleeyn eigsoylagh as, tra v'ee smooinaghtyn er y chied cheim elley, ren ee toshiaghey lioar y screeu. Va anaase mooar eck 'sy vedshin as 'sy teaystey Ayurvedagh as ren ee goll er turrys gys Kerala, faggys da Madras, raad ren ee feddyn shellooghys va jeeaghyn magh er traie aalin. Jiu, t'ee cummal ayn as t'ee coontey dy vel Kerala ny voayl mie er yn oyr dy vel ram keimyn as boodeeyssyn ayn, goaill stiagh Hindooyn, Creesteenyn as Ewnyn, red nagh vel cosoylagh rish y voayl dooie eck ayns Ard an Rátha, Coontae Ghoon ny Ghoal.

Ta'n Yernish ghlen eck as ren ee obbraghey myr ynseyder y çhengey ec toshiaght y choorse-bea eck. She briw v'ee er claare RTÉ, *[[Fáilte Towers]]*, 'sy vlein 2008. She pohllder y çheshaght-ghiastyllagh Plan Ireland ee.
Pat Shovlin

She greinneyder as ynseyder y vluckaneyrys Gaelgagh ass Ard an Rátha, Coontae Ghoon ny Ghoal, Nerin, va **Pat Shovlin**. Ren eh obbraghey myr greinneyder deaneyderyn marish fwirran bluckaneyrys shinsharagh Ghoon ny Ghoal. Ren eh eh shassoo son y chlub ynnydagh echey, CLG Ard an Rátha.
Straid

She bollagh pemmadit theayagh ayns balley ny caayr ee **straid**. She ayrn thallooin theayagh t'ayn ta kiangley thieyn ry-cheilley as raad ta deiney çheet ry-cheilley, eddyr-obbraghey as çheet as goll. Ta straidyn jeant ass pemmadyn, concraid, asfalt, ny breekyn er y chooid smoo, agh ta straidyn jeant ass cray creoi ry-gheddyn chammah.
Heear Hwoaie (rheynn-reihys Pharlamaid yn Oarpey)

She rheynn-reihys jeh Parlamaid ny h-Oarpey ayns Nerin ee yn rheynn-reihys **Heear Hwoaie** (; ). Ta 3 OPOyn goll er nyn reih ayn. Ta'n rheynn-reihys goaill stiagh ny coondaeghyn y Cavan, y Claar, Doon ny Ghoal, Galliu, Lheeahtrim, Lhongfort, May Eo, Muinaghan, Ros Comain, Shliggagh, yn Eearvee as Caayr ny Galliu.
Doon ny Ghoal Heear Yiass (rheynn-reihys Dáil Éireann)

She rheynn-reihys er son Dáil Éireann, y çhamyr s'inshley ayns Parlamaid Nerin eh **Doon ny Ghoal Heear Yiass** (; ). Ta 3 Teachtaí Dála ("Çhaghteryn y Whaiyl"; TD myr aagherrid) goll er reih ayn. T'ad Pearse Doherty (SF), Dinny McGinley (FG) as Thomas Pringle (Neu) ny TDyn ec y traa t'ayn.
Keintys

Ta ymmodee keeallyn ec **keintys**:

* keintys grammeydagh, ny phenomenon ayns ymmodee çhengaghyn, as ad aarheynn ennymocklyn ayns rangyn ennymocklagh.
* keintys bea-oaylleeagh, troghyn kirpey ta goardraghey bioag myr firrynagh, bwoirrinagh, ny er continuum eddyr oc.
* keintys (ronney antrapoaylleeagh), ta çheet er troghyn kirpey, aigney as ymmyrkey deiney ta bentyn rish enney as paart sheshoil.
* commyssey
S4C

She **S4C** (goll er loayrt myr **Sianel Pedwar Cymru** ny ny keayrtyn ayns Baarle dy neuchooishagh/neu-oikoil myr S Four C) bollagh çhellveeish ayns Bretin as y chooid smoo jeh ny claaryn echey ayns Bretnish. Va'n bollagh currit er bun er 1 Mee Houney, 1982.
John Doherty (kiaulleyder)

She fidleyr kiaull çheerey Yernagh va **John Doherty** (1900 &ndash; 26 Jerrey Geuree 1980). Rug eh ayns Ard an Rátha, Coontae Ghoon ny Ghoal. She fer jeh'n Lught Shooyl eh as ren y lught-thie v'echeyssyn obbraghey myr tingleyryn as delleyderyn cabbil. She fidleyr va'n ayr echey, Mickey "Mór" Doherty, as she fidleyryn cooid vie jeh ny braaraghyn as ny shuyraghyn v'echey. Ren Mickey Mór poosey rish Mary McConnell, arraneyder voish Doon ny Ghoal yiass. Va nuy paitçhey oc as she John va'n fer s'aegey.

## Jysk-oaylleeaght
### Lipaid Folktrax
* *Pedlar's Pack* (1964)
* *The Star of Donegal* (1964)
* *The Fiddler and the Fairy* (1964 - marish Mickey Doherty)
* *The Sailor on the Rock* (1964 - marish Simon Doherty)

### Lipaid Comhaltas Ceoltóirí Éireann
* *Johnny Doherty* (1974)

### Gael Linn
* *Johnny Doherty* (1978; er ny aa-enmyssey myr *Taisce – The Celebrated Recordings* tra v'eh skeaylt magh reesht ayns ny 1990yn myr JC)

### Topic Records
* *Bundle and Go* (recortyssit ayns 1977, hie magh ayns 1980)

### Claddagh
* *The Floating Bow* (recortyssit ayns 1968 - 74, hie magh ayns 1996)

### Obbraghyn caglit - Ellyneyryn eigsoylagh
* *Songs of Seduction* (1961)
* *Jack of all Trades* (1961)
* *The Donegal Fiddle* (1990yn?)
* *Traditional Dance music of Ireland* (1997)

## Scannaneyn feanishagh
* *Johnny Doherty ar Leirg na Gaoithe* (2012)

## Kianglaghyn magh
CLG Chontae Dhún na nGall

She nane jeh'n 32 voayrd coontae jeh CLG ayns Nerin eh **Boayrd Commyn Roortaghys Gaelgagh Choontae Ghoon ny Ghoal** (,  ny ). Ta'n boayrd freggyrtagh er son cloiaghyn Gaelgagh ayns Coontae Ghoon ny Ghoal, myrane lesh ny fwirranyn eddyr-choontae.

## Onnoryn
***[[Craobh Shinsear Peile na hÉireann]]:** 2
**1992, 2012
***[[Craobh Faoi-21 Peile na hÉireann]]:** 2
**1982, 1987
***[[Craobh Shinsear Peile Uladh]]:** 7
**1972, 1974, 1983, 1990, 1992, 2011, 2012
***[[Craobh Mhionúr Peile Uladh]]:** 4
**1956, 1985, 1991, 1996, 2006
***[[Craobh Faoi-21 Peile Uladh]]:** 7
**1963, 1964, 1966, 1982, 1987, 1995, 2010
***[[Sraithchomórtas Peile na hÉireann]]:** 1
**2007
Tree Cassyn (possan kiaullee)

Ta **Tree Cassyn** ny phossan kiaullee Manninagh. Ta tree olteyryn 'sy phossan kiaullee - Paayl Rogers, Doona Lambden as Isla Callister-Wafer.
Isla Callister

She kiaulleyder Manninagh ee **Isla Callister**, ny **Isla Callister-Wafer** keayrtyn. She oltey jeh'n phossan kiaull Tree Cassyn t'ee. Sheear ayns 2013, ren ee cur e goo rish y scannane *[[Solace in Wicca]]* as ee cloie Margaret Quaine.

## Kianglaghyn magh
* 
*
Tanakh

She ennym 'syn Ewaghys ta cur sheese er canoin y Vible Ewnagh eh yn **Tanakh** (, goll er fockley magh myr [taˈnaχ] ny [təˈnax]). T'eh goll er enney myr y Teks Masoretagh ny yn *Miqra* chammah. She *acronym* t'ayn as eh çheet magh ass ny kied lettyryn Ewagh jeh rheynnyn tradishoonagh y Teks Masoretagh: y Torah ("Yn Ynsagh" ny Queig Lioar Voses), Nevi'im ("Ny Faihderyn") as Ketuvim ("Ny Screeunyn") &mdash; ny ***T'''a'''N'''a'''Kh***. She ennym elley t'ayn na "*Miqra*" () ta çheet er "ny ta goll er lhaih". Va lioaryn y Tanakh lhiass-chreelit marish tradishoon beill fo'n ennym y Torah Beill.
Tree cassyn (reddaghey)

Ta ny smoo na cheeal ec **tree cassyn**.  Foddee eh çheet er:

* **[[Tree cassyn]]**, ny *triskele* ny *triskelion* y Vaarle, cowrey ta ry-akin ayns ram cowraghyn as sorçhyn d'ellyn.
* **[[Tree Cassyn (possan kiaullee)|Tree Cassyn]]**, possan kiaullee Manninagh.
Xenoturbella

She genus dy veiyn daa-heuagh eh ***Senoturbella*** ny ***Xenoturbella***.  Ta daa ghooie dhianeagh aynsyn.  Hooar Sixten Bock y chied dooie (*Xenoturbella bocki*) ayns 1915, agh cha daink rish coontey screeuit derrey 1949, liorish Einar Westblad.

## Rang-oardraghey

Ta daa ghooie 'sy ghenus *Xenoturbella*:
* *[[Xenoturbella bocki]]*
* *[[Xenoturbella westbladi]]*

Cha nel eie soit er y rang-oardraghey kiart.  Hoshiaght chreid oayllee dy nee mooinjer eeastyn shliggagh v'ayn, agh dooyrt kuse jeu dy row y GDN er ny hollaghey ec GDN eeastyn shliggagh v'ad er nyn ee, as bare lhieu rang-oardraghey *Xenoturbella* myr deuterostomagh bunneydagh nagh row mastey ny phyla v'ayn hannah.  Ayns 2006, hooar studeyrys elley dy nee oohyn *Xenoturbellida* hene v'ayn, cha nee oohyn eeastyn shliggagh eeit v'ayn, agh ghow ad rish dy row y chied studeyrys er ny hollaghey ny yei shen as dy nee deuterostomagh t'ayn.  Ec y traa t'ayn she oltey ynrican y phylum **Xenoturbellida** t'ayn.  Rere jalloo-oaylleeaght as bea-oaylleeaght chovreneenagh, t'ad credjal dy nee faggys-mooinjer Acoelomorpha t'ayn.

Ta oltscarrey GDN mitochondriagh cowraghey dy nee bun-phossan deuterostomagh t'ayn, ny co-phossan Echinoderma as Hemichordata, foddee.  Ta oayllee elley ad y chur ny smoo bunneydagh, mastey Metasoa.

## Jalloo-oaylleeaght
Ta *Xenoturbella* wheesh as 4cm er lhiurid.  Ta corp neuchramp echey, gyn inçhyn, corys keckey, collane ny gonad , ny organe erbee agh  as killagyn scuitçhal echey.  Ta corys nearag skeayllt echey.  

## Imraaghyn

## Ry-lhaih
* 
* 
* 

## Kianglaghyn magh

*A PCR Survey of ''Xenoturbella bocki'' Hox Genes
*Feeshan jeh ''Xenoturbella bocki''
Cabbash chraplit

She troarag *[[Brassica oleracea]]* 'sy phossan troaragagh Capitata ee **cabbash chraplit**.  She *Brassica oleracea poss. capitata arr. sabauda L.* yn ennym formoil eck.  Ta duillagyn glassey craplit yn-ee eck, as ad ayns kione skeaylt.
Talpiot

She nabooys ayns Jerusalem hiar yiass, Israel, eh **Talpiot** (, "tooranyn" ny "troggit dy mie"). V'eh bunnit 'sy vlein 1922 ec kioneraadee Heionagh. Ta enney mooar er y nabooys er-yn-oyr dy ren Eliezer Ben-Yehuda, ayr yn Ewnish noa-emshyragh, troggal thie ayn, agh hooar eh baase roish creaghney yn troggalys echey.
Seionaght

She cummey jeh'n ashoonaghys Ewagh ta shassoo son steat er lheh da ny h-Ewnyn ayns Eretz Israel ee yn **Teionaght** (, *Tsiyonut*). Ta Seionee credjal dy lhisagh dagh Ew freayll yn enney Ewagh oc. T'ad shassoo noi lheie ny h-Ewnyn rish sheshaghtyn elley as t'ad credjal dy lhisagh dagh Ew goll er ash gys Israel as y dean ayn na ny h-Ewnyn y chur ayn myr tromlagh 'syn ashoon oc, as ny h-Ewnyn y heyrey veih'n lhiettrimys, y lhiehlaghys as y dowilghreim noi-ewnagh. Dirree yn Teionaght 'syn Oarpey veanagh as 'syn Oarpey hiar 'sy 19oo eash myr gleashaght aavioee ashoonagh as tammylt veg ny lurg ren y chooid smoo jeh ny fir hoshee 'sy ghleashaght kiangley yn dean oc rish bunneeaght steat Ewagh 'sy Phalasteen, ard va fo stiurey yn Impiraght Ottomanagh ec y traa shen. Jiu, ta'n Teionaght moylley er son y steat Ewagh.

Ta fendeilee yn Teionaght gra dy nee gleashaght heyrey ashoonagh t'ayn ta moylley çheet er ash possan sheshoil skeaylt gys y çheer ghooie oc. Agh ta cremeyderyn y Teionaght gra dy nee eie-oaylleeaght choloinagh ny chynneeagh t'ayn as ee jeant seose jeh'n choloinaghys cummalagh as glenney kynneeagh ny Palasteenee. Er yn oyr shen ta'n staanys noi'n Teionaght goaill stiagh cummaltyssyn Israelagh neu-leighoil ayns ny thallooyn Palasteenagh, y glackey thallooin as y raghlid noi ny Palasteenee. Ansherbee, ta cremeyderyn y noi-Heionaght gra dy nee cummey yn noi-Ewaghys t'ayn ayns condaigys noi'n Teionaght.

## External links

* Ynnyd Ard-Hashtlann y Teionaght ayns Jerusalem
* Ynnyd-eggey yn SHE
* JewishState.com Seionaght, Naight, Kianglaghyn
Daugavpils

She ard-valley er brooinyn yn awin Daugava eh **Daugavpils** (Latvish son "Cashtal Daugava"). T'eh ny nah ard-valley smoo 'sy çheer lurg Rīga as t'eh ny hoie mysh 230 km çheu hiar yiass veih'n phreeu-valley.

## Kianglaghyn magh

*
*
Cheder

She bunscoill hradishoonagh ta gynsaghey bun yn Ewaghys as yn Ewnish eh **cheder** (ny **cheider**; , "shamyr").

Va chederyn ry-gheddyn er feie yn Oarpey roish cassey yn 18oo eash. Haghyr ny lessoonyn ayns thie ynseyder, er enney myr Melamed, as hooar yn ynseyder e chooid argid veih'n voodeeys Ewagh ny veih ny paarantyn. Dy cadjin, cha jagh agh guillyn gys y scoill as hooar ny caillinyn nyn gooid ynsagh veih nyn moiraghyn 'sy valley. Tra cha row mooarane argid ayn, va ny guillyn ynsit ayns un phossan.

Dy tradishoonagh, hoshee guillyn gynsaghey yn abbyrlhit Ewagh tra v'ad tree bleeaney d'eash, cha ren ad goll stiagh 'sy cheder derrey v'ad queig bleeaney d'eash. Lurg ren ad toshiaghey yn Ewnish y lhaih, hoshee ad ad gynsaghey yn Torah, goaill toshiaght rish y Vayikra as queig lioaryn Voses. Hoshee ad gynsaghey yn Mishna tra v'ad mysh shiaght bleeaney d'eash as y Torah (Mishna, Gemara, as tooilley coontyssyn) tra va'n Mishna ynsit oc. Ren ad ynsaghey as ad lhaih er ard as gaaraa. Tra v'eh 13 ny 14 bleeaney d'eash, va jerrey ynsee yn ghuilley cowrit magh lesh y bar mitzvah.
Brattagh Israel

Va **brattagh [[Israel]]** ( *Degel Yisrael*;  *Alam Isra'īl*) doltit er 28 Jerrey Fouyir 1948, queig mee lurg seyrsnys y çheer. T'eh soilshaghey magh Rollage Ghavy gorrym er cooylrey bane eddyr daa rimmeig ghorrym cho-chruinnagh. Cha nel meenaghey shickyr ec daah yn ghorrym faagail magh dy lhisagh eh ve dorraghey myr gorrym y speyr. Va'n cummey echey currit sheese er son y Ghleashaght Heionagh 'sy vlein 1891. Ta cummey yn ''Tallit'' Ashkenazagh, yn 'illeag phadjeragh Ewagh as daah bane marish rimmeigyn gorrymey urree.
Shimon Peres

Va steateyr Israelagh va ruggit 'sy Pholynn eh **Shimon Peres** (, ruggit myr **Szymon Perski**; 2 Luanistyn 1923 - 28 Mean Fouyir 2016). V'eh ny 9oo Eaghtyrane er Israel. By Ard-Vinishter Israel eh daa cheayrt, as un cheayrt myr Ard-Vinishter shallidagh. V'eh reiht da'n Knesset ayns Sauin y vlein 1959 as, faagail magh barney giare feie tree mee ayns 2006 leah, ren eh shirveishey begnagh gyn scuirr derrey yn vlein 2007 tra v'eh reiht myr Eaghtyrane.
Cabbash nappinagh

She glassrey fraueagh ee **cabbash nappinagh**, ny troarag chabbash.

## Coontey
Ta cabbash nappinagh er ny croo liorish  er son  attit.  Ny yei shen, t'ee ass fuilleeaght chabbash, challish Rangagh as troaragyn elley *[[Brassica oleracea]]*.

## Ymmyd
Ta'n ghass as ny duillagyn yn-ee.  Dy cadjin, ta sleih roostey brat s'mooie frauaigagh voish y ghass roish aarlaghey.  Ta ny duillagyn gollrish duillagyn caayl jiarg.

Ta cabbash nappinagh feer chadjin ayns bee Kashmiragh.

Ta arraghyssyn ennagh goll er troarey myr bee ollee.

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn çheumooie

*PROTAbase er ''Brassica oleracea (kohlrabi)''
Benjamin Netanyahu

She politickeyr Israelagh as shenn Ard-Vinishter Israel eh **Benjamin "Bibi" Netanyahu** (, ; r. 21 J. Fouyir 1949). Chammah as shen, t'eh ny oltey jeh'n Knesset, ny Chaairliagh er y phartee politickagh Likud, ny Hirveishagh Cooishyn Joarree, as ny Hirveishagh Diplomaght Heayagh as Cooishyn y Lught Eebyrtagh. She Netanyahu y chied Ard-Vinishter va ruggit ayns Israel lurg seyrsnys y çheer.
Rolley eaghtyraneyn Israel

She fer toshee y steat ayns Israel eh **Eaghtyrane Steat Israel** ( *Nesi HaMedina*, "Eaghtyrane y Steat"; ). Er y chooid smoo, she oik staydoil neu-pholitickagh eh Eaghtyrane Israel. Ta'n phooar lattyssagh hene ny lhie ayns laueyn yn Ard-Vinishter. She Shimon Peres yn Eaghtyrane ec y traa t'ayn. Hie eh ayns shelloo yn oik er 15 Jerrey Souree 2007. Ta ny h-Eaghtyraneyn goll er reih dagh shiaght bleeaney ec olteynyn y Knesset. Ta joarey un-çharrymagh ec yn Eaghtyrane.

## Rolley Eaghtyraneyn Israel
Shoh rolley Caairliee as, eisht, Eaghtyraneyn Israel veih bunneeaght y çheer shen 'sy vlein 1948.

### Caairliee [[Coonseil Hallidagh y Steat|Choonseil Hallidagh y Steat]] (1948–1949)

Myr Caairliagh Choonseil Hallidagh y Steat, ren Chaim Weizmann goaill shirveish myr fer toshee *de facto* y steat derrey v'eh reiht myr Eaghtyrane.

### Eaghtyraneyn Israel (1949–jiu)

Ren nuy dooinney goaill shirveish myr Eaghtyrane Israel, as ren kiare jeu goaill shirveish feie daa lhing ass y cheilley. Ren Yitzhak Ben-Zvi goaill shirveish myr Eaghtyrane tree keayrt ass y cheilley.

## Kianglaghyn mooie
*Ynnyd-eggey oikoil
*Y Leigh Vunneydagh: Eaghtyrane y Steat - Ynnyd-eggey yn Knesset
Thiollane Vooir Eeaght

She thiollane raad yiarn fo Mooir yn Eeaght eh **Thiollane Vooir Eeaght** (; ). T'eh roie feie 50.5 km (31.4 mi) veih Folkestone, Kent, 'sy Reeriaght Unnaneysit gys Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais, faggys da Calais ayns twoaie yn Rank. Ec y voayl s'inshley t'eh ny lhie 75 m (250 tr) er diunid.

Ta'n thiollane gymmyrkey ny traenyn troailtee ard-vieau Eurostar, ny traenyn carbyd Eurotunnel Shuttle as traenyn lught eddyr-ashoonagh. Ta'n thiollane kiangley rish ny raaidyn yiarn ard-vieau yn LGV Nord as yn High Speed 1.
Talmud

She fer jeh ard-heksyn yn Ewaghys Rabbinagh, t'er coontey myr y nah heks smoo scanshoil lurg y Torah, eh yn **Talmud** ( *talmūd* "ynsagh", veih'n 'raue *lmd* "ynsaghey, jannoo studeyrys"). Ta'n ennym ***Shas*** () currit er dy tradishoonagh as eh çheet er yn aagherrid Ewnish son *shisha sedarim* ny "shey oardagh" Leigh Veill yn Ewaghys. Ta daa ayrn 'sy Talmud: y Mishnah (, m. 200 BNJ), y chied haglym jeh Leigh Veill yn Ewaghys, as y Gemara (m. 500 BNJ), soilshey yn Vishnah as ny screeunyn Tannaitagh ta cur er cooishyn elley as ta cur bun er y Vible Ewnish. Ta ny h-enmyssyn *Talmud* as *Gemara* ymmydit ayns ynnyd nyn geilley dy mennick.

Ta'n Talmud jeant seose jeh 63 traghtys as, 'sy chlou cadjin, t'eh ny s'liauyrey na 6,200 duillag. T'eh screeuit 'syn Ewnish as 'syn Aramaaish Hannaitagh. Ta smooinaghtyn as barelyn veih thousaneyn dy rabbinaghyn er caghlaa dy chooishyn ayn, goaill stiagh y leigh, y voraltaght, y fallsoonys, cliaghtaghyn, y shennaghys, y jeeoilys, y veeal-arrish as ram cooishyn elley. She bun er son dagh coad y leigh rabbinagh t'ayn 'sy Talmud as ta ram aaraaghyn echey ayns lettyraght rabbinagh eigsoylagh.
Alliance Israélite Universelle

She reagheydys eddyr-ashoonagh Ewagh ta bunnit ayns Paarys eh **Alliance Israélite Universelle** (). Va'n reagheydys bunnit 'sy vlein 1860 ec y steateyr Frangagh Adolphe Crémieux ry hoi coadey kiartyn deiney Ewnyn y theihll. Ta'n reagheydys cur ard-smooinaghtyn hene-choadey as hene-haieys ny h-Ewnyn liorish yn ynsagh as y lhiassaghey gerrymoil.
Coonseil Hreishteilaght ny h-Ashoonyn Unnaneysit

She fer jeh ard-organeyn ny h-Ashoonyn Unnaneysit ee **Coonseil Hreishteilaght ny h-Ashoonyn Unnaneysit** (; ). Va'n choonseil currit er bun er son reirey as stiurey ny thallooyn treishtit as currym as arrey ny cummaltee as shee as shickyrys yn dowan y dean eck. Ta dagh fer jeu seyr veih'n AU nish as ad fo hene-reiltys ny reiltys neuchrogheydagh. She Palau va'n thalloo hreishtit s'jerree tra haink y çheer shen dy ve ny steat neuchrogheyagh ren çheet stiagh 'syn AU ayns Mee ny Nollick 1994.
Anthony Molloy (bluckaneyr Yernagh)

She eear-vluckaneyr Gaelgagh eh **Anthony Molloy** (r. 28 Boaldyn 1962). V'eh ruggit ayns Ard an Rátha, Coontae Ghoon ny Ghoal. Ren eh cloie marish y chlub ynnydagh echey, CLG Ard an Rátha, as marish fwirran eddyr-choontae Ghoon ny Ghoal veih ny 1980yn derrey ny 1990yn. V'eh ny chaptan er y wirran eddyr-choontae tra ren ad cosney yn chied Chione-Chloie Ooilley Yernagh 'sy vluckaneyrys Gaelgagh 'sy vlein 1992. Ren eh cosney aundyr y Far-Vluckaneyr 'sy vlein cheddin chammah.
UTC±00:00

She **UTC±00:00** y traa shoh:

* Traa Chadjin Cho-oardit (UTC), bun chorys traa yn dowan.
* Traa ynnydagh ny h-Oarpey Heear (y Phortiugal, y Reeriaght Unnaneysit as Nerin).
UTC+01:00

She enneyder son fer jeh ny cryssyn UTC eh **UTC+01:00**.

Ta'n chryss shoh goll er ymmyd ayns:

*Traa ynnydagh yn Oarpey Veanagh
*Traa ynnydagh yn Affrick Heear
*Traa houree yn Oarpey Heear
**Traa Houree Ghoaldagh
**Traa Chadjinit Nerin
*Traa Chadjinit Romansagh (pannyl stiuree Microsoft Windows)
*Traa Eddyr-voggyl Swatch
Ewnyn Israelagh

Ta'n enmys **Ewnyn Israelagh** ny **Ewnyn Israel** çheet er:
* Seyraanee Israelagh leighoil ny cummaltee jeh'n chraueeaght Ewagh ny jeh'n chynney Ewagh as y bun oc 'sy Levaant ny ayns Eretz Israel.
* Cloan arreyderyn-magh Ewagh-Israelagh.

Ta'n chooid smoo jeh ny h-Ewnyn Israelagh cummal ayns Israel ny 'sy lieh heear jeh'n Dowan. T'ad loayrt Ewnish er y chooid smoo as ta'd cliaghtey yn Ewaghys ayns cummey ennagh. Ta begnagh lieh-chooid jeh Ewnyn y theihll cummal ayns Israel.

## Ewnyn Israelagh
* Ghil'ad Zuckermann (1971-) - scoillar y çhengoaylleeaght

## Jeeagh er neesht
* Israelee
* Arabee Israelagh
* Israel
Cowrey Israel

Ta **Cowrey Steat Israel** () taishbyney menorah eddyr daa vanglane olive er y daa heu, as y fockle  (Ewnish son "Israel") foue. Dy mennick ta daaghyn bane-ghorrym as bane er y chowrey, agh t'eh ry-akin ayns daaghyn elley bentyn rish ymmyd y chowrey.

## Shennaghys
Ren Steat Israel doltey yn cowrey lurg cohirrey kiaddee 'sy vlein 1948. Ta kiaddey yn chowrey bunnit er y chur-stiagh ren Gabriel as Maxim Shamir cur stiagh 'sy chohirrey, marish troghyn veih cuir-stiagh elley lheid as Oteh Walisch as W. Struski, as Itamar David as Yerachmiel Schechter. Va'n cowrey doltit ec y steat er 10 Toshiaght Arree 1949.

## Cosoyley

Ta'n jalloo ta goll er ymmyd er y chowrey bunnit er jalloo yn menorah er Arc Titus. Va'n menorah ymmydit 'sy Çhiamble shenndeeagh ayns Jerusalem. She cowrey yn Ewaghys t'ayn veih ny shenn traaghyn. T'eh shassoo er son y toilsheraght chadjin.

Foddee dy vel yn cowrey bunnit er ashlish yn 'aihder bibleagh Zechariah, cabdil 4, raad t'eh cur sheese er menorah as daa villey olive cruinnaghey yn menorah er y daa heu.

Ta ny banglaneyn olive shassoo er son shee.

## Lhiegganyn

File:Emblem of Israel alternative.svg|Er ymmyd er ynnydyn-eggey y Reiltys
File:Emblem of Israel alternative gold.svg|Er ymmyd er ynnyd-eggey yn Ard-vinishter
File:Emblem of Israel alternative blue-gold.svg|Er ymmyd er ynnyd-eggey yn Knesset
File:Emblem of Israel dark blue border.svg|Er ymmyd er ynnyd-eggey yn Ard-whaiyl (Baarle)
File:Emblem of Israel dark blue full.svg|Er ymmyd er ynnyd-eggey yn Ard-whaiyl (Ewnish)


File:Presidential Standard (Israel).svg|Cworey as Brattagh Eaghtyrane Israel
File:Mossad seal.svg|Ta Menorah yn chowrey ry-akin er Cowrey Mossad


## Jeeagh er neesht
* Cowraghyn ashoonagh Israel
Arabee Israelagh

She seyraanee Israel lesh eiraght chultooragh as hengagh as enney Palasteenagh oc ad **seyraanee Arabagh Israel** ny **Arabee Israelagh**. She Arabish y çhengey chadjin oc, gyn bwooise da'n chraueeaght t'ec y loayreyder. She daa-hengeyderyn y chooid smoo jeh ny h-Arabee shoh as ad loayrt yn Ewnish myr y nah hengey oc. She Moslymee y chooid smoo jeu, agh ta ram jeu nyn Arabee Chreestee as nyn Nroosee chammah.

Rere Ard-Oik Staydraa Israel v'eh oolit dy row 1,617,000 Arabee 'sy çheer 'sy vlein 2010, ny 20.5% jeh pobble y çheer. Ta'n chooid smoo jeu cur ashoonaght Phalasteenagh as seyraanaght Israelagh orroosyn. Ta mooinjeryssyn ec ram jeu rish lughtyn-thie 'sy Vroogh Heear as ayns Straih Gaza, chammah as rish lughtyn-thie ayns campyn kemmyrkagh 'sy Jordaan, 'sy Teer, as 'sy Livaan.
Bun Cranncha

She balley ayns twoaie Choontae Ghoon ny Ghoal, Nerin, eh **Bun Cranncha** (). T'eh ny lhie er Loch Súilí er Lieh-innys Inis Eoghain, 23 km çheu heear hwoaie veih Doirrey as 43 km çheu hwoaie veih Littyr Kennain. She Bun Cranncha y balley smoo ayns Inis Eoghain as y nah valley smoo 'sy choontae lurg Littyr Kennain.

## Jeeagh er neesht
* Rolley baljyn as baljyn beggey ayns Pobblaght Nerin

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn mooie

* 
*  - Naight, staydraa, artyn, taghyrtyn, ame.
Mira Awad

She arraneyder, ben-aghteyr, as screeudeyr arraneyn Arabagh Israelagh ee **Mīrā ’Anwar ‘Awaḍ** ( *Mīrā ’Anwar ʕawaḍ*;  *Mira Anwar Awad*; ; ruggit 11 Mean Souree 1975). 'Sy vlein 2009 ren ee shassoo son Israel ayns Cohirrey Arrane Eurovision marish yn arraneyder Ewnagh Israelagh Achinoam Nini as ad goaill yn arrane *[[There Must Be Another Way]]*. By ee y chied Arabagh ren goaill arrane er son Israel ayns Eurovision as ee goaill y chied arrane lesh focklyn 'syn Arabish.
Cabbash phalm

She glassrey ass cree gish ny ass buinney biljyn palm er lheh eh **cabbash phalm**.  T'asdyn goaill stiagh *[[Cocos nucifera]]*, *[[Euterpe edulis]]*, *[[Euterpe oleracea]]*, *[[Sabal]]* as *[[Bactris gasipaes]]*.  Dy cadjin, ta goaill magh cabbash phalm marroo biljyn palm feie un-ghassagh, agh ta dooieyn elley yl-ghassagh ny nyn .

## Imraaghyn
Mark Cavendish

She daawheeylleyder ratçhal keirdey Manninagh eh **Mark Simon Cavendish** MBE (ruggit er 21 Boaldyn 1985). T'eh ratçhal marish y wirran UCI ProTeam Omega Pharma-Quick Step. Chossyn Cavenish y boyn airhey ayns Fenaghtys y Dowan ayns ny bleeantyn 2005 as 2008 tra v'eh ratçhal er son y Vretyn Vooar marish Rob Hayles as Bradley Wiggins 'sy screeb-ratçh ayns Gammanyn y Cho-unnaneys 'sy vlein 2006 tra ren eh ratçhal er son Mannin.
Christine Collister

She arraneyder as screeudeyr arraneyn kiaull çheerey, kiaull ghroamid as snagchiaull ee **Christine Collister** (ruggit er 28 Nollick 1961). V'ee ruggit as troggit er Mannin as haink enney urree 'sy vlein 1986 tra ren ee goaill yn arrane enmyssagh son y chochormys çhellveeish BBC jeh'n lioar *[[The Life and Loves of a She-Devil]]* liorish Fay Weldon.

Roish shen haink ee dy ve ny h-oltey jeh'n phossan kiaullee Richard Thompson Band. Car y chied kiare bleeaney ny lurg, ren ee goll er turryssyn dowanagh marish Thompson. Lurg eh shen, ren ee obbraghey as goll er sooree marish yn arraneyder, screeudeyr arraneyn as cloieder gitar, Clive Gregson. 'Sy lhing shen, ren y jees oc cur magh queig albym.

Shymmey albym t'er chur magh ec Collister lioree hene voish y vlein 1994, goaill stiagh yn albym *Live, Blue Aconite, Dark Gift of Time* as y JC co-chruinnagh *Songbird* marish Fledgling Records, as *An Equal Love* as *Into The Light* marish Topic Records. Myrane lesh shen, ren ee obbraghey marish y cholught Manninagh Stereo Scout Records, cooid jeh'n cholught Running Media Management Group. Ren ee cur magh yn albym bio *Home* (2004) as y JABE *XX* (2005) marish y cholught shen.
Randolph Quirk

She çhengoayllee Manninagh eh **Charles Randolph Quirk, y Barran Quirk**, CBE, FBA (1920-2017). Va Quirk ruggit ayns Lammal, Skylley Maayl, Mannin 'sy vlein 1920. She mac lesh e phaarantyn Thomas as Amy Randolph Quirk t'ayn. Ren eh goll dys Colleish Ree Illiam, as lurg eh shen, hie eh dys Colleish Ollooscoill Lunnin son y Vaarle y lhaih fo currym Albert Hugh Smith. Hoshee e studeyryssyn 'sy vlein 1939, agh hie ad er nyn groghey car y Nah Chaggey Dowanagh, as ren eh creaghney ad eddyr ny bleeantyn 1945 as 1947. Hooar eh MA, PhD, as D. Lit as haink er dy ve ny olloo jeh'n Vaarle ayns Colleish Ollooscoill Lunnin veih 1947 derrey 1954. Haink er dy ve ny lhaihder ayns Ollooscoill Durham 'sy vlein 1954, as haink er dy ve ny olloo ayn 'sy vlein 1958. Hie eh er ash gys Colleish Ollooscoill Lunnin myr Olloo 'sy vlein 1960 as 'sy vlein 1968 ren eh goaill eiyrtys er Smith myr Olloo Quain derrey yn vlein 1981.

Ren eh lhaih leaghtyn as ynsaghey sheminaareyn ayns Colleish Ollooscoill Lunnin 'sy Çhenn Vaarle as ayns Shennaghys y Vaarle.
Inis Eoghain

She lieh-innys ayns Coontae Ghoon ny Ghoal, Nerin, ee **Inis Eoghain** (; Yernish son "Innys Eoin"). T'ee ny lieh-innys smoo er yn ellan as t'ee goaill stiagh y boayl smoo twoaieagh ayn, Cionn Mhálanna, as sheebaghyn geinnee an Lag, fir jeh ny sheebaghyn geinnee s'yrjey 'syn Oarpey. Ta Grianán an Aileach, doon reeoil va troggit ec lught Clan Uí Néill 'sy 6oo eash. Ta'n Grianán shassoo ec entreilys gys y lieh-innys.
Leffyr

She preeu-valley Choontae Ghoon ny Ghoal, Nerin, eh **Leffyr** (; ). T'eh ny lhie ayns Glion Abhainn na Finne ayns shiar y choontae raad ta Abhainn na Finne çheet ry-cheilley rish an Mughdhorn. She boayl toshee Abhainn an Fheabhail t'ayn. Ta'n Strah Bane ny lhie harrish yn awin 'sy niar ayns Nerin Hwoaie as ta Leffyr kianglt rish liorish Droghad Leffyr.

Hie yn balley er ny hroggal mygeayrt cashtal va troggit ayn ec Manghus Ó Domhnaill, fer toshee Heer Chonnal (y chooid smoo jeh Coontae Ghoon ny Ghoal) 'sy 16oo eash. Haink er y valley dy ve ny valley garrastyn jeh Armee yn Vretyn Vooar derrey seyrsnys jeh'n chooid smoo jeh'n ellan 'sy vlein 1922.

## Kianglaghyn mooie

## Imraaghyn
Baile na nGallóglach

She balley beg as balley eirinagh ayns twoaie Choontae Ghoon ny Ghoal, Nerin, eh **Baile na nGallóglach** (Yernish er son "Balley ny Goal-aeglee"; ). T'eh ny lhie çheu hwoaie veih Littyr Kennain er Cuan na Maoile Rua.

## Kianglaghyn mooie
* 

## Imraaghyn
Bun an Phobail

She balley beg as ynnyd seyrey slystagh ayns lieh-innys Inis Eoghain, twoaie Choontae Ghoon ny Ghoal, Nerin, eh **Bun an Phobail** (Yernish son "Bun y Phobble"; ).

## Imraaghyn
Conmhaigh

She balley beg ayns shiar Choontae Ghoon ny Ghoal, Nerin, eh **Conmhaigh** (). T'eh ny lhie ayns Ghlion Abhainn na Finne er awin an Daoil.

Rere coontey-pobble 'sy vlein 2011, va 1,438 deiney cummal ayn. Gollrish ram baljyn 'syn ard shoh, ta shennaghys y valley sheeyney heear gys Plandail Ulley. Ta boodeeys mestit 'sy valley as y mestey shen ry-akin ayns ny scoillyn as kialteenyn. Ta bunscoill Chatoleagh Raueagh ayn, myrane lesh bunscoill vestit. Chammah as shen, ta keeill Chatoleagh, cheeill Anglicaanagh, as keeill Heyr-Phresbyteyragh. Cha nel mean-scoillyn 'sy valley as ta ny paitçhyn goll er scoill ayns Ráth Bhoth ny Srath an Urláir.

## Imraaghyn
Bealach Féich

She balley ayns Coontae Ghoon ny Ghoal, Nerin, eh **Bealach Féich** (). T'eh ny lhie er broogh yiass Abhainn na Finne. Myrane lesh y valley Srath an Urláir ta ny lhie er broogh hwoaie yn awin cheddin, ta'n daa valley currit ry-cheilley myr y Balley Lannoonagh.

## Jeeagh er neesht
* Rolley baljyn as baljyn beggey ayns Pobblaght Nerin

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn mooie

*
Na Cealla Beaga

She balley ayns sheear yiass Choontae Ghoon ny Ghoal, Nerin, ad **na Cealla Beaga** (Yernish son "ny Kialteenyn Beggey"; ). Ta'n balley ny phurt smoo er mooadys as ny phurt smoo scanshoil er yn ellan. T'eh ny lhie er coose yiass y choontae faggys da Doon ny Ghoal as y balley shen ny lhie çheu hiar veih na Cealla Beaga.

## Kianglaghyn mooie
* 
* 

## Imraaghyn
An Clochán Liath

She balley Gaeltaght ayns Coontae Ghoon ny Ghoal, Nerin, eh **an Clochán Liath** (Yernish son "Y Claghan Lheeah"; ). T'eh ny valley smoo scanshoil ayns ard na Rosa as ny valley smoo ayns Gaeltaght Ghoon ny Ghoal.

## Kianglaghyn mooie
* 

## Imraaghyn
Ráth Bhoth

She balley ayns Coontae Ghoon ny Ghoal, Nerin, eh **Ráth Bhoth** (Yernish son "Rhaa Waane"; }).

## Imraaghyn