open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Cnoc an Línsigh

Ta **Cnoc an Línsigh** () ny valley beg ayns jiass Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh soit ec crossag ny raaidyn R156 as R158 10 km çheu hiar yiass veih Baile Átha Troim as 11 km çheu heear hwoaie veih Cill Choca, Coontae Cheeill Darey. Ta Teach an Daingin, thie çheerey lambaanys jeh Arthur Wesley, y 1d Duic Wellington, soit faggys da'n valley beg.

## Imraaghyn
Maigh Dearmhaí

Ta **Maigh Dearmhaí** () ny valley beg ayns jiass Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh soit er raad yn R160 as 15 km çheu yiass veih Baile Átha Troim, as 50 km veih Divlyn. Ta meanscoill, bunscoill, faaie, tree shappyn, oik phostagh, as kiare thieyn lhionney 'sy valley beg, mastey caaghyn elley.

## Imraaghyn
Ráth Moliain

Ta **Ráth Moliain** () ny valley beg ayns jiass Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh ny hoie 8 km çheu yiass veih Baile Átha Troim ec çheet ry-cheilley ny raaidyn ardjynagh R156 as R159. Ta keeill Chatoleagh as keeill Phrotestoonagh 'sy valley beg, myrane lesh bunscoill as daa hie lhionney.

## Imraaghyn
Dún Doire

Ta **Dún Doire** (, Yernish son "Doon Darragh") ny valley beg ayns mean Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh ny hoie 7 km çheu heear yiass veih'n Ooive as 6 km çheu hwoaie veih Baile Átha Troim er y raad eddyr Baile Átha Buí as Ráth Cairn er un çheu as Dún Seachlainn er y çheu elley. Ta keeill Chatoleagh, shapp, bunscoill, club CLG, as daa hie lhionney ry-gheddyn 'sy valley beg, myrane lesh ruillick er y raad gys yn Ooive.
Baile an Bhóthair, Coontae yn Vee

She balley beg ayns shiar yiass Choontae yn Vee eh **Baile an Bhóthar** (, Yernish son "Balley yn Vayr"). T'eh ny hoie er raad yn R154 23 km veih Divlyn as 23 km veih Baile Átha Troim.
Steach Maoilín

Ta **Steach Maoilín** () ny valley beg ayns shiar Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh soit er gerrey da bayr gleashtanagh yn M1 begnagh er y joarey rish Coontae Ghivlyn as 35 km çheu hwoaie veih Divlyn. Ta ard-vargey, thie lhionney, kiare thieyn folteyr, lheelann beiyn, thie buitçhoor, as caaghyn elley ry-gheddyn 'sy valley beg.

## Imraaghyn
Dún Samhnaí

Ta **Dún Samhnaí** () ny chlaghan ayns Coontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh soit er y raad eddyr Cill Mheasáin as Dún Seachlainn, faggys da'n N3, y preeu-raad ta kianglaghey Divlyn as Béal Átha Seanaidh as ta goll trooid yn Ooive. Ta enney mooar er y chlaghan er son Caisleán Dhún Samhnaí, balley da'n screeudeyr Edward Plunkett, 18oo Barroon Dún Samhnaí. Ta oik postagh, bunscoill, keeill Chatoleagh, commyn CLG lesh thie lhionney echey, as shiartanse dy hieyn 'sy chlaghan. Ta Teamhair na Rí, soiaghey Ard-Reeaghyn Nerin, soit begnagh 4 km çheu hwoaie jeh'n chlaghan.
Damhliag

Ta **Damhliag** () ny valley beg ayns shiar Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh soit lieh-vollagh eddyr Coontae Lhoo as Coontae Ghivlyn faggys da Droghad Aah. Rere coontey-pobble 'sy vlein 2006 va 3,236 cummaltee 'sy valley.

## Imraaghyn
Maigh Muirí

Ta **Maigh Muirí** () ny valley beg as ny henn-champ seyrey ayns shiar Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh ny hoie mygeayrt 48 km çheu hwoaie veih Divlyn. Ta enney share er y voayl myr camp seyrey Butlins 'sy nah lieh jeh'n 20oo eash as myr ynnyd ny cloiaghyn crouw da Cluichí an Phobail. Va'n camp doont 'sy vlein 2000 as haink er y voayl dy ve ny ynnyd da kemmyrkee. Nish ta ny smoo na 700 kemmyrkee ass ny smoo na 20 çheeraghyn cummal 'syn ynnyd.
Maigh Locha

Ta **Maigh Locha** () ny valley beg ayns sheear hwoaie Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. Ta'n balley soit er gerrey da an Seanchaisleán er raad yn R195 mygeayrt 3 km veih'n joarey rish Coontae yn Eearvee. Cha nel 'sy valley beg agh club CLG, keeill Chatoleagh, bunscoill, as ruillick 'sy valley beg. Rere coontey-pobble ny bleeaney 2006 va 417 cummaltee 'sy valley beg as 'syn ard mygeayrt y valley beg.

## Imraaghyn
Baile Iúiliáin

Ta **Baile Iúiliáin** () ny valley beg ayns shiar Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh soit faggys da Droghad Aah er raad yn R132 er gerrey da camp Maigh Muirí. Ta awin an Ainí roie trooid y valley beg as roie jeeragh gys an Inse 3km er fodjeeaght, raad t'ee roie stiagh ayns Mooir Vannin. Ta keeill Chatoleagh as keeill Phrotestoonagh 'sy valley beg, myrane lesh bunscoill as thie lhionney.

## Imraaghyn
An Scrín, Coontae yn Vee

She balley beg as teiy-rheynn ayns Coontae yn Vee, Nerin, eh **an Scrín** ( ny ). Ta'n balley beg soit er, as mygeayrt, cronk ennoil eddyr preeu-raaidyn yn N2 as yn M3, er gerrey da Teamhair na Rí. Ta keeill Chatoleagh, bunscoill, halley baljey, tree thieyn lhionney, as commyn CLG 'sy valley beg.

## Imraaghyn
Domhnach Cairnigh

Ta **Domhnach Cairnigh** ny **Domhnach Cearnaigh** () ny valley beg ayns shiar Choontae yn Vee, Nerin, er gerrey da'n joarey rish Coontae Lhoo. T'eh soit er gerrey da Baile Uí Mhornáin as queig kilomeadaryn veih çheshvean Ghroghad Aah. Ta keeill Chatoleagh, daa scoill, as thie lhionney 'sy valley beg. Ta daa valley eirinagh 'syn ard shen as ad enmyssit **Domhnach Cairnigh Mór** ("Doonagh Cairneach Mooar") as **Domhnach Cairnigh Beag** ("Doonagh Cairneach Beg").
An Inse, Coontae yn Vee

She balley beg ayns shiar Choontae yn Vee, Nerin, eh **an Inse** (, Yernish son "Yn Inshey"). T'eh soit er coose Vooir Vannin er y raad ardjynagh R150. Myrane lesh Baile an Bhiataigh as Baile Uí Mhornáin, ta'n Inse jannoo seose y balley coontey-pobble An Inse-Baile an Bhiataigh-Baile Uí Mhornáin. 'Sy valley shoh va 8,978 cummaltee 'sy valley coontey-pobble. Ta'n balley hene ny hoie 50 km çheu hwoaie veih Divlyn. Myrane lesh Baile an Bhiataigh, t'eh soit er traie liauyr ta sheeyney er feie 3 km veih Baile Uí Mhornáin ec inver an Bhóinn jiass gys inver an Ainí ec an Inse as jiass gys y joarey rish Coontae Ghivlyn.

## Imraaghyn
Droim Rí

Ta **Droim Rí** (, Yernish son "Dreeym Ree") ny chlaghan ayns Coontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh soit 3 km çheu heear veih Dún Seachlainn as 26 km veih Divlyn er y raad eddyr Dún Seachlainn as Baile Átha Troim. Cha nel ayn agh bunscoill, oik phostagh, thie lhionney as commyn CLG. Va stashoon traenagh 'sy chlaghan veih 29 Luanistyn 1862, derrey'n dooney echey er 1 Averil 1963. Tra va Çhiarn Dún Samhnaí tannaghtyn ayns Caisleán Dhún Samhnaí 'sy chlaghan Dún Samhnaí, haink eh gys y voayl ec y stashoon traenagh ayns Droim Rí.

## Imraaghyn
Shykey

She billey 'sy ghenus *[[Acer]]* eh **shykey** (***Acer pseudoplatanus***).  T'eh dooghyssagh da'n Oarpey veanagh as yn Aishey hiar-yiass.  Ta'n ennym oaylleeagh ("far-phlaaney") echey er y fa dy vel eh cosoylagh rish billey plaaney.  
 
## Jalloo-oaylleeaght
She billey yn-lhoamey t'ayn.  T'eh gaase wheesh as 20-35m er yrjid.  Ta roost rea lheeah ec biljyn aegey, agh t'eh garroo as crottylagh er shenn viljyn.  Ta duillagyn maylartey duillageenagh echey, 10-25km er lhiurid as er lheead.  Ta oirr feeacklagh oc.  Ta blaaghyn monoecious buighey-ghlassey oc, as t'ad gaase myr crouw-vlaaghey 10-20km er liurid, as wheesh as 50 blaaghey ayn.  She samara eh y mess oc, as skianyn echey.  T'ad skeaylley er y gheay.

## Dooie ruegyssagh
T'ad gra dy nee sarkyl t'ayn ayns ardjyn ny h-Austrail (Yarra Ranges, Victoria), ny Seelan Noa as Norlynn.

## Imraaghyn
Cluain Aodha

Ta **Cluain Aodha** (, Yernish son "Lheannee Aodh") ny valley beg ayns shiar yiass Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. Er-yn-oyr dy vel y balley ny hoie er y joarey eddyr y Vee as Coontae Ghivlyn, t'eh coontit myr fo-valley dy Ghivlyn as y preeu-valley ny hoie 14 km veih'n valley beg. Ren yn N3, nane jeh preeu-vayryn Nerin ta goll veih Divlyn gys y Chavan trooid yn Ooive, goll trooid y valley beg, agh ayns ny 1990yn v'eh shaghnit. Ta Dún Búinne soit 3 km seose y vayr.

## Imraaghyn
Billey slaanee

Ta **billey slaanee** çheet er lossreeyn 'sy ghenus ***Senna***.  T'eh dooghyssagh da'n ghrianchryss.  Ta oayllee gra dy vel mysh 260 dooie ayn dy cadjin, agh ta fir elley gra dy vel wheesh as 350 ayn.  She *[[Senna alexandrina]]* eh y dooie sampleyragh. 
 
## Imraaghyn
Cill Mheasáin

Ta **Cill Mheasáin** (, Yernish son "Keeill Measán") ny valley beg ayns mean Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. Ta'n balley beg soit eddyr Beigthigh as Dún Samhnaí er y raad eddyr Dún Seachlainn as Baile Átha Buí. Ta'n Ooive, preeu-valley yn choontae, soit 11 km da'n twoaie. Rere coontey-pobble ny bleeaney 2006 va 342 deiney cummal 'sy valley beg. Ta'n teiy-rheynn fo'n ennym cheddin 25.52 km2 er eaghtyr as ta 1,436 deiney cummal ayn, goaill stiagh adsyn ta cummal 'sy valley beg.

## Imraaghyn
Baile Uí Mhornáin

She balley beg ayns shiar Choontae yn Vee, Nerin, eh **Baile Uí Mhornáin** (). T'eh soit er coose Vooir Vannin er y raad ardjynagh R150. Myrane lesh Baile an Bhiataigh as an Inse, ta Baile Uí Mhornáin jannoo seose y balley coontey-pobble An Inse-Baile an Bhiataigh-Baile Uí Mhornáin. 'Sy valley shoh va 8,978 cummaltee 'sy valley coontey-pobble. Ta'n balley hene ny hoie 5 km çheu hiar veih Droghad Aah as 55 km çheu hwoaie veih Divlyn.

Va'n enmys Eearley Baile Uí Mhornáin coontit myr nane jeh ny h-enmyssyn ooaslagh Goaldagh share er feie ny keeadyn. V'eh ny h-ooaslid Ghoaldagh tra, agh nish cha nel ayn agh enmys cooyrtoil. She Arthur Gerald Wellesley shellooder yn enmys nish. Ta Çhiarn Baile Uí Mhornáin, oe y 8oo Duic Wellington, poosit rish Jemma Wellesley, Ben Choontey Baile Uí Mhornáin as ee ny shuyr da Jodie Kidd.

## ''Túr na Maighdine'' as ''Méar na Bantiarna''

Ta *Túr na Maighdine* ("Toor ny Moidyn") as *Méar na Bantiarna* ("Mair ny Ben Çhiarn") soit 'sy valley beg. Va'n daa strughtoor shoh troggit myr cooneyderyn yn-shiaulley da lhongyn as ad shiaulley stiagh ayns inver an Bhóinn veih Mooir Vannin. Cha nel fys ain cuin va'n daa strughtoor troggit, agh va'n toor ayn 'sy vlein 1582 tra va coontys giare jeh screeuit sheese roish planyn toor dy hroggal ec an Rinn, as y toor shen "cosoylagh rish y toor ayns Droghad Aah er yrjid as lajerid".

## Jeeagh er neesht
* Droghad Aah
* Baile an Bhiataigh
* An Inse
* Domhnach Cairnigh

## Imraaghyn
Jeeg

Ta ymmodee keeallyn ec **jeeg** ny **jeeig**.  Foddee eh çheet er:

* Obbyr coadee er ny cleiy mygeayrt balley, troggal ny cashtal dys cumrail noidyn.  Ta ushtey aynjee ny keayrtyn.
* Clash er ny cleiy dys stiurey ushtey, bentyn rish çhirmaghey ny ushtaghey dy cadjin.
* Clash er ny cleiy dys shirrey reddyn fo'n thalloo, bentyn rish shenndaaleeaght, jeshaghteyrys ny cooishyn elley.
* Clash najooragh jeant liorish crimmey ny obbraghyn creg-oaylleeagh.
* Clash chaggee
* Bentyn rish caslys-skeealyn, rheamys eddyr ny kerrinyn.
Currach Átha

Ta **Currach Átha** ( ny , Yernish son "Curragh Aah") ny chlaghan ayns Coontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh ny hoie 4.5 km veih Cill Dhéagláin as 4 km veih Ráth Tó.

## Kianglaghyn mooie

* Skeerey Currach Átha
* CLG Churrach Átha
Kerrin (caslys-skeeal)

Ta **kerrin** çheet er un rheynn ny jalloo ayns caslys-skeeal ny scheim aitt.  Ny keayrtyn, ta'n kerrin soilshaghey ny ta taghyrt ec un thurrick.  Ny keartyn elley, t'eh soilshaghey meer ennagh jeh ny ta taghyrt 'sy skeeal, as shen goaill stiagh traa sodjey.

Ny keayrtyn (myr sampleyr, ayns cartoonyn politickagh) cha nel agh un cherrin.

Ta ymmodee cummaghyn ec scheimyn aittey, as shen bentyn rish y çheer son y chooid smoo.  Ta straih dy hree ny kiare cadjin ayns earishlioaryn.  Ta straih pontreilagh cadjin 'syn Aishey.  Ayns lioaryn as earishlioaryn currit da caslys-skeealyn, myr sampleyr caslys-earishlioar ny manga, ta ymmodee oardee ry-akin.  Ayns caslys-skeeal eddyr-voggyl, cha nel cagliagh corpagh erbee er mooadys ny duillagyn (duillag neuchreaghnagh) as ta kuse jeu jannoo ymmyd jeh'n rheamys shen.
Cluain Ioraird

Ta **Cluain Ioraird** (, Yernish son "Lheannee Iorard") ny valley beg ayns sheear yiass Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh soit er raad yn R148 eddyr Cionn Átha Gad as an Bóthar Buí. Ta'n balley soit er gerrey rish y joarey lesh Coontae ny h-Eearvee, raad ta Cionn Átha Gad soit.

## Imraaghyn
Droim Eamhna

Ta **Droim Eamhna** () ny valley beg ayns sheear Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. T;eh soit faggys da'n joarey rish Coontae ny h-Eearvee, 6 km veih an Seanchaisleán as 5 km veih Loch Craobh er Sliabh na Caillí.
Droim Conrach, Coontae yn Vee

Ta **Droim Conrach** () ny valley beg ayns twoaie Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh ny hoie 4 km veih'n joarey rish Coontae Lhoo as 8 km veih Baile Átha Fhirdhia. Ta 405 deiney cummal 'sy valley beg rere coontey-pobble ny bleeaney 2006. Ta'n skeerey fo'n ennym cheddin soit er y joarey rish Coontae Lhoo as t'eh soit begnagh er y joarey rish Coondaeghyn Vuinaghan as y Chavan.

## Imraaghyn
Carn na Ros

Ta **Carn na Ros** () ny valley beg ayns sheear hwoaie Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh soit er raad yn N3, 4 km çheu heear hwoaie veih Ceanannas as 4 km veih'n joarey rish Coontae yn Chavan.
Baile an Cheantaigh

Ta **Baile an Cheantaigh** () ny valley beg ayns Coontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh soit 10 km shiar veih'n Ooive er crossag ny raaidyn R153 as R150. Rere coontey-pobble ny bleeaney 2006 va 912 deiney cummal 'sy valley beg.

## Imraaghyn
Goal twoaie

She phenomenon shilleydagh as emshyragh eh **goal twoaie** (**goll twoaie**, **Bhow Ghorree**). T'eh cur er spectrum sollys çheet rish 'sy speyr tra ta soilshey ny greiney bentyn rish bineenyn ushtey 'syn aeraght. Ta cummey cruillag yl-daahagh echey, as jiarg er y çheu mooie echey, as gorrym-jiarg er y çheu sthie. She spectrum gyn creeaghyn t'ayn, agh ta sleih cliaghtey rheynn eh ayns daahghyn discreajagh. Hug Isaac Newton queig daahghyn da: jiarg, buigh, geayney, gorrym as "*violet*" (cummey gorrym-jiarg gyn fockle 'sy Ghaelg, myr daah lus y chree). Hug eh stiagh jiarg-bwee as plooreen ny s'anmey rere aarey chiaull.  Cha nel dagh çhengey cur ny daahghyn cheddin da.

Cha nee fliaghey ynrican nod ve ny vun goal twoaie; t'ad ry-akin ayns kay as spreie myrgeddin.

## Soilshaghey oaylleeagh

Ta soilshey aascellaghey tra t'eh goll stiagh 'sy vineen. T'eh aahoilshaghey jeh cooyl y vineen, as eisht aascellaghey reesht tra t'eh goll magh ass y vineen. Er y fa dy vel soilshey tonn giare aascellaghey ny smoo na soilshey tonn liauyr, ta'n soilshey eddyrscarrey dys spectrum. Ta'n soilshey smoo jeean er uillin mysh 40–42°. T'eh uillin hene croghey er ayndagh aahoilshaghey y vineen.  Ta ayndagh aahoilshaghey saailley ny smoo na fliaghey, as myr shen ta lieh-chrantessen sloo ec goal twoaie ayns spreie marrey na goal twoaie ayns fliaghey.

Cha nel ynnyd er lheh ec goal twoaie 'sy speyr. Ta'n ynnyd baghtal echey croghey er ynnydyn ny greiney as y chronneyder. Ta dagh bineen aascellaghey as aahoilshaghey soilshey ny greiney 'syn aght cheddin, agh cha nel agh beggan jeh'n toilshey roshtyn sooill y chronneyder. She yn soilshey shen ta jannoo magh goal twoaie da'n chronneyder shen. Ta ynnyd goal twoaie 'sy speyr noi y ghrian cosoylit rish y chronneyder, as ta mean y ghoal twoaie erskyn scaa-doo kione y chronneyder, ec yn ynnyd noi-ghrianagh. Ta'n goal twoaie ry-akin mysh 40–42° jeh linney eddyr kione y chronneyder as scaa-doo y chione. Myr shen, my ta'n ghrian ny s'ardjey na 42°, ta'n goal twoaie fo oirr ny cruinney, as cha nel eh ry-akin mannagh vel y chronneyder fodder erskyn y thalloo.

## Imraaghyn
Coill Chluana

Ta **Coill Chluana** () ny valley beg as ny skeerey ayns Coontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh soit er gerrey da'n joarey rish Coontae Cheeill Darey as Coontae Ghivlyn.

## Imraaghyn
Baile Mhic Gormáin

Ta **Baile Mhic Gormáin** () ny valley beg as ayns Coontae yn Vee, Nerin. Ta'n balley beg ny hoie er gerrey da'n joarey rish Coontae Ghivlyn ayns shiar y choontae.

## Imraaghyn
Baile Shláine

Ta **Baile Shláine** () ny valley beg ayns Coontae yn Vee, Nerin. Ta'n balley beg soit er cronk er broogh clee jeh'n Bhóinn ec crossag yn N2 (y raad veih Divlyn gys Muinaghan) as yn N51 (y raad veih Droghad Aah gys yn Ooive). Ta Baile Shláine ny ghiat veih'n N2 da Brú na Bóinne, quoi ta ny hoie 7 km shiar veih'n valley beg. 'Sy vlein 2006, rere y choontey-pobble, va 1,099 deiney cummal 'sy valley beg.

V'eh *Ferta Fear Fiac* ny "Oaiaghyn Fir Fiac" yn ennym va currit er yn ard shoh foddey er-dy-henney, agh haink y boayl-ennym noa-emshiragh ass ennym Ree Sláine ny Fir Bolg. T'eh er credjal dy vel eh oanluckit fo Mullach Bhaile Shláine.

## Imraaghyn
Tezuka Osamu

She mangaka, bio-chaslysseyder as leayreyder Shapaanagh va . T'ad gra dy nee "Shennayr Anime" v'ayn, as va laue mooar echey ayns aase y magher. Ta obbraghyn mie er enney jeant echey goaill stiagh *[[Tetsuwan Atomu]]*, *[[Buddha (manga)|Budda]]*, as *[[Hi no Ton]]*. Va troar mooar echey, as ram eieyn noa: myr shen, hug ad "ayr vanga" as "jee caslys-skeealyn" er.

## Imraaghyn
Cill Dealga

Ta **Cill Dealga** (, Yernish son "Keeill Dealga") ny balley beg as ny teiy-rheynn ayns sheear Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. Ta'n balley beg ny hoie eddyr Baile Átha Buí, Baile Átha Troim as Baile Íomhair. Rere coontey-pobble ny bleeaney 2006 va 518 deiney cummal 'sy valley beg.

## Imraaghyn
Baile Ghib

Ta **Baile Ghib** ( ny ) ny chlaghan as ny Ghaeltacht noa ayns Coontae yn Vee, Nerin. Ta'n Ghaeltacht hene jeant seose jeh ayrnyn ny teiy-rheynnyn Tailtin as Domhnach Phádraig. Ta'n clyst shoh ny soie 7 km veih'n Ooive ayns twoaie yn choontae. Myrane lesh Ráth Cairn, ta Baile Ghib coontit myr y nah Ghaeltacht ayns Queiggey Lion ga nagh vel mooarane dy Yernish loayrit ayn ayns ny laaghyn t'ain. Va'n Ghaeltacht shoh currit er bun ayns ny 1930yn rere eiyrtyssyn Steat Seyr Nerin. Haink ny cummaltee gys yn ard shoh veih ardjyn ayns Coontae ny Galliu, Coontae Vay Eo as Coontae Ghoon ny Ghoal, as, er-yn-oyr nagh row abbyrt cheddin oc, cheaghil ny loayreyderyn nyn jengey gys y Vaarle myr eddyr-hengey da'n chooid smoo.

## Imraaghyn
Buaile na Bréachmhaí

Ta **Buaile na Bréachmhaí** ny **Baile na Breacaigh** () ny valley beg ayns sheear yiass Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. Ta'n balley beg soit faggys da Cionn Átha Gad ayns Coontae ny h-Eearvee as er gerrey da'n joarey rish Coontae Uíbh Fhailí.
Cill Táile

Ta **Cill Táile** () ny chlaghan ayns mean Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh soit er y raad eddyr Baile Átha Troim as an Tarbh Dubh er yn M3. T'eh ny hoie mygeayrt 9 km çheu hiar veih Baile Átha Troim, mygeayrt 9 km çheu heear veih Dún Seachlainn as 19 km çheu yiass veih'n Ooive.
Baile an Bheileogaigh

Ta **Baile an Bheileogaigh** () ny valley beg ayns shiar Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. Ta'n balley beg ny hoie eddyr Damhliag as y joarey rish Coontae Ghivlyn er gerrey da'n M1 - y preeu-raad ayns Nerin. Ta enney mooar er y valley beg er son y coorse ratçhal cabbil t'ayn.

## Kianglaghyn mooie
*Coorse Ratçhal Baile an Bheileogaigh
*Magher Golf Baile an Bheileogaigh
*Thieyn Moddee Baile an Bheileogaigh
Frida Kahlo

Va **Frida Kahlo de Rivera** (6 Jerrey Souree 1907 - 13 Jerrey Souree 1954) ny pheinteyr Meksicagh. V'ee ruggit ayns Coyoacán, Meksico, ayns 1907 as hooar ee baase 'sy vlein 1954.
Ard Cath

Ta **Ard Cath** () ny valley beg as ny heiy-rheynn ayns shiar Choontae yn Vee, Nerin. Ta'n balley beg soit faggys da Damhliag begnagh er y joarey rish Coontae Ghivlyn. Rere coontey-pobble 'sy vlein 2011, va 1,911 deiney cummal 'sy teiy-rheynn. Ta'n ard hene goaill cagliaghey rish Baile Gháire, Cluain Ailbhe, Damhliag, Baile an Bheileogaigh, Baile Bhartraim as Steach Maoilín.

## Imraaghyn
Achair

Ta **Achair** () ny chlaghan ayns Coontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh ny hoie 3 km heear yiass veih Cnoc an Línsigh er crossag.
Croitish

She çhengey ashoonagh as oikoil ny Croit ee yn **Chroitish** (). She nane jeh ny çhengaghyn Slavagh t'ayn as t'ee loayrit ec Croitee 'sy Chroit, ayns Bosnia as Herzegovina, as ayns çheeraghyn elley gerroil, as ec Croitee elley er feie ny Cruinney.

She abbyrlhit Ladjynagh Gaj yn abbyrlhit eck, as ta tree preeu-abbyrtyn eck: yn abbyrt Štokavagh, yn abbyrt Čakavagh, as yn abbyrt Kajkavagh. Ta'n çhengey lettyragh as chadjinit bunnit er yn abbyrt Štokavagh Heear, as yn abbyrt shen lhiggey da so-hoiggalys marish y Terbish, y Vosnish, as y Vontenegrish, quoi ta bunnit er yn abbyrt Štokavagh Hiar.

## Sampleyryn
### Padjer y Çhiarn
:Oče naš, koji jesi na nebesima,
:sveti se ime Tvoje.
:Dođi kraljevstvo Tvoje,
:budi volja Tvoja,
:kako na Nebu, tako i na Zemlji.
:Kruh naš svagdašnji daj nam danas,
:i otpusti nam duge naše,
:kako i mi otpuštamo dužnicima našim.
:I ne uvedi nas u napast,
:nego izbavi nas od zla.

### Enmyn ny meeghyn

## Kianglaghyn mooie
* Colleish ny Croitish
Undinys y Chroitish as y Çhengoaylleeaght

Ta **Undinys y Chroitish as y Çhengoaylleeaght** () ny undinys oikoil 'sy Chroit as y currym echey na freayltys as greesaghey ny Croitish. Ta'n shennaghys echey goll sheear gys y vlein 1948, tra v'eh ny chooid jeh Colleish Oaylleeaght as Ellanyn yn Yugoslaav (Colleish Oaylleeaght as Ellanyn y Chroit jiu). Va'n undinys noa-emshiragh bunnit ec seyrsnys ny Croit 'sy vlein 1991. T'eh stiurey Coonseil Stundayrtyn y Chroitish Chadjin as y choonseil shen ny reireyder çhengey ry hoi'n Chroitish.

## Stiureyderyn
* Antun Barac
* Stjepan Musulin (1948 - 1958)
* Mate Hraste (1958 - 1965)
* Ljudevit Jonke (1965 - 1973)
* Božidar Finka (1973 - 1977)
* Antun Šojat (1977 - 1982)
* Božidar Finka (1982 - 1987)
* Mijo Lončarić (1987 - 1996)
* Miro Kačić (1996 - 2001)
* Marko Samardžija (2001 - 2002) 
* Nada Vajs-Vinja (2003)
* Dunja Brozović-Rončević (2003-)

## Kianglaghyn mooie
* Undinys ny Croitish as ny Çhengoaylleeaght
Ard neuchorpit

Rere leigh, ta **ard neuchorpit** çheet er ard thalloo nagh vel ny chooid jeh baljaght erbee. 'Sy cho-heks shoh, ta cochorpaghey çheet er crooaght ghurneilys ennagh son dy stiurey cochorp baljagh, ard-valley, ny balley.
Boayl enmyssit da coontaghyn-pobble

Ta **boayl enmyssit da coontaghyn-pobble** ny voayl ayns gurneilys ynnydagh ta ymmydit ry hoi cooishyn staydraa as coontaghyn-pobble er lheh. T'ad ymmydit da buill nagh vel nyn ardjyn co-chorpagh as nagh vel reiltys baljagh oc, lheid as ard-valjyn, baljyn, as baljyn beggey, agh ta cosoylagh rish buill co-chorpagh.
Clou trome

Ta **clou trome** çheet er y trimmid ayns clougraafeeaght ta currit er focklyn ennagh ayns abbyrt ennagh marish clou ny s'trimmey ayns aght ayns cosoylaght rish y chooid elley jeh'n teks. Ta clou trome ymmydit son kione-linnaghyn naight, son fograghyn raaue, as son dy hoilshaghey magh focklyn as trimmid ny keeall er lheh oc.
Queiggaghyn Nerin

Rere tradishoon ta **[[Nerin]]** rheynnit magh ayns kiare **[[queiggey|queiggaghyn]]** ny "queigooyn". Ayns ny shen traaghyn va queig rheynnyn 'sy çheer goaill stiagh ny queiggaghyn noa-emshiragh myr Queiggey Ulley, Queiggey Connaghtey, Queiggey Lion, Queiggey Mooan, as yn eear-wheiggey Queiggey ny Mee

T'ad ny kiare queiggaghyn noa-emshiragh na:

## Jeeagh er neesht
* Coondaeghyn Nerin
* Coondaeghyn Nerin Hwoaie
* ISO 3166-2:IE

## Imraaghyn
Co-heiyderyssyn parlamaidagh ayns Pobblagh Nerin

Ta'n thie s'inshley jeh'n Oireachtas (Parlamaid Nerin), Dáil Éireann, jeant seose jeh 166 Teachtaí Dála (TDyn) as t'ad shassoo er son 43 co-heiyderyssyn parlamaidagh er feie Phobblaght Nerin. Lhisagh dy ve 3 TDyn shassoo da dagh co-heiyderys er y chooid sloo, as ta earroo ny çhaghteryn bunnit er mooadys y cho-heiyderys. Cha nel cagliagh heose da earroo ny TDyn ta shassoo da dagh co-heiyderys, agh rere y chummey t'ayn nish, ta 3, 4, ny 5 TDyn shassoo da dagh fer. Rere corrillagh 2006 ta un TD da dagh 25,512 ghooinney. Ta ard-reihyssyn stiurit lesh y vote singil yn-astreeaghey jeh'n chummey tuarystallys coreiragh.

## Co-heiyderyssyn Nerin

Son Ard-reihys 2007 va Teachtaí Dála reiht da ny co-heiyderyssyn shoh:
Parlamaid yn Oarpey

Ta **Parlamaid yn Oarpey** ny **yn Pharlamaid Oarpagh** ny h-undinys parlamaidagh jeeragh-reiht jeh'n Unnaneys Oarpagh (UO). Myrane lesh Coonseil yn Unnaneys Oarpagh (y Choonseil), t'eh jannoo seose y chrouw slattyssagh ghaa-hamyragh jeh'n UO as t'eh er cur sheese eck dy vel ee coontit myr nane jeh ny quaiylyn slattyssagh smoo cummaghtagh er y theihll. Ta'n Pharlamaid as y Choonseil jannoo seose y corpane slattyssagh s'yrjey çheusthie jeh'n UO. Ta'n Pharlamaid jeant seose jeh 736 OPOyn ny MEPyn, as t'ad goaill shirveish er y nah reihderaght gheynlagh smoo er y theihll (lurg yn Injey) as y reihderaght gheynlagh harrish-ashoonagh smoo er y theihll lesh 375 millioon dy reihderyn 'sy vlein 2009.

## Imraaghyn
Baile an Mhóta (reddaghey)

Foddee dy vel **Baile an Mhóta** çheet er:
* Baile an Mhóta, Coontae yn Chlaair
* Baile an Mhóta, Coontae Phurt Largey
* Baile an Mhóta, Coontae Shliggee
* Baile an Mhóta, Divlyn
Portmeirion

She balley beg turryssagh ayns Gwynedd, Bretyn Hwoaie eh **Portmeirion**.  V'eh kiaddit as troggit ec y Reejerey Clough Williams-Ellis eddyr 1925 and 1978, as t'eh fo stiurey treisht ghiastyllagh jiu.  T'eh mie er enney myr The Village ayns claare çhellveeish Ghoaldagh ny 1960yn *[[The Prisoner]]*.  T'eh 'sy voodeeys Penrhyndeudraeth, daa veeilley çheu hiar-yiass Phorthmadog as meeilley jeh stashoon traenagh Minffordd.

V'eh fo Williams-Ellis taishbyney dy nod oo troggal ayns ardjyn aalin gyn jeeylley yn aalid oc.  Va shenn steat 'syn ynnyd, *Aber Iâ* (), ass ny 1850yn.  Shen y thie oast as tree bwaaneyn ("White Horses", "Mermaid" as "The Salutation") t'ayn jiu.  Chred Williams-Ellis dy row yn ennym çheet er "Beeal Riojit", as chaghlaa eh eh dys Portmeirion: "Port dys cowraghey dy row eh er y clyst, Meirion er son Merionydd" (y coontae v'eh ayn ec y traa shen).  

Ta brooillagh cashtal mean-eashagh ayns keyll faggys da'n valley beg.  Ta feanish ayn jeh fo enmyn *Castell Deudraeth*, *Castell Gwain Goch* as *Castell Aber Iau*.  Screu Giraldus Cambrensis er ayns 1188.  Ta thie mooar Victorianagh 'syn ard myrgeddin, as eshyn fo'n ennym *Castell Deudraeth*.  Chionnee Williams-Ellis eshyn jeh'n naim echey, y Reejerey Osmund Williams, Lv, as v'eh fo goaill eh stiagh ayns ard-hroggalys thie oast Phortmeirion, agh haink caggey as doilleeidyn elley.  Fy-yerrey, ghow y hreisht cooney Heritage Lottery Fund, European Regional Development Fund as Wales Tourist Board dys jannoo thie oast jeh.  V'eh foslit ec Bryn Terfel er 20 Mee Luanistyn 2001.

## Portmeirion ayns cultoor y theay
Ta Portmeirion ry-akin ayns ymmodee fillmyn, myr boayl frangagh 'syn Oarpey dy cadjin.  Myr sampleyryn, skeeal "View from the Villa" 1960 jeh'n chlaare *[[Danger Man]]* lesh Patrick McGoohan; skeeal 1976 *[[Doctor Who]]* "The Masque of Mandragora" 'syn  yn Iddaal Aavioghey; skeeal jeh *[[Citizen Smith]]* as y feniagh ayns Rimini; as Wiggyville in claare Cbeebies Gigglebiz.

Ta'n ymmyd share jeh 1966-1967, tra haink McGoohan erash dys goaill caslyssyn çheumooie er son *[[The Prisoner]]*, ny ghrama surreal peeikearys.  Va Portmeirion *[[The Village (The Prisoner)|The Village]]* raad v'eh ayns pryssoon.  Rere mian Williams-Ellis, cha dug ad ennym er Portmeirion myr ynnyd y straih derrey'n skeeal s'jerree.  Haink y chlaare dy ve ny feer ennoil, as ta ard-jeeaneyder cur keayrt er foast.  Ta co-chruinnaghtyn bleinoil *Prisoner* ayn.  Ta "thie" y charracteyr hene ny happ *Prisoner* nish.  Er bun y chiangley shoh, ta claareyn fomyssagh er nyn nyannoo 'sy valley beg myrgeddin.  Ren skeeal 'sy straih BBC *[[The Celts (claare feear-skeealagh BBC)|The Celts]]* aayannoo reayrtyssyn jeh *The Prisoner*.  Ayns 1987, ghow Jools Holland ayrn ayns far-chlaare feer-skeealagh , *The Laughing Prisoner*, lesh Stephen Fry, Terence Alexander as Hugh Laurie.  Ayns 2003, ghow ad fillym er son skeeal s'jerree y chlaare *[[Cold Feet (claare)|Cold Feet]]*.

Ren ad fillym arrane Supergrass *Alright* ayns Portmeirion as Morfa Bychan.  T'eh çheet er *The Prisoner* dy mennick.

## Imraaghyn
Baile an Bhóthair (reddaghey)

Foddee dy vel **Baile an Bhóthair** çheet er:
* Baile an Bhóthair, Coontae Cheeill Chennee
* Baile an Bhóthair, Coontae Cherree
* Baile an Bhóthair, Coontae Chorkee
* Baile an Bhóthair, Coontae ny Galliu
* Baile an Bhóthair, Coontae yn Vee
* Baile an Bhóthair, Divlyn
Baile Roibín

Foddee dy vel **Baile Roibín** çheet er:
* Baile Roibín, Coontae Cheeill Chennee
* Baile Roibín, Coontae yn Vee
Tobar an Choire

Ta **Tobar an Choire** ( ny ) ny valley ayns Coontae Shliggee, Nerin. T'eh ny hoie ec bun Sliabh Gamh er yn N17 - y preeu-raad eddyr Shliggagh as Galliu.

## Imraaghyn

## Jeeagh er neesht
* Rolley baljyn as baljyn beggey ayns Pobblaght Nerin

## Kianglaghyn mooie
* Ynnyd-eggey yn valley
An Mullach Mór (reddaghey)

Foddee dy vel **An Mullach Mór** çheet er:
* An Mullach Mór, Coontae Heer Eoin, Nerin Hwoaie
* An Mullach Mór, Coontae Lheeahtrim, Pobblaght Nerin
* An Mullach Mór, Coontae Lhoo, Pobblaght Nerin
* An Mullach Mór, Coontae Shliggee, Pobblaght Nerin
* An Mullach Mór, Coontae Vuinaghan, Pobblaght Nerin
Corys ingagh ogheragh Nerin

Ta **corys ingagh ogheragh Nerin** (, ) ny chorys dy ingee ogheragh ta ymmydit dy cadjin ayns Nerin (ayns Pobblaght Nerin as Nerin Hwoaie). Ta'n ingagh Yernagh lhie harrish corys ingagh ogheragh ashoonagh y Vretyn Vooar.
Corys co-ordnaidyn çheer-oaylleeagh

Ta **corys co-ordnaidyn çheer-oaylleeagh** ny chorys dy cho-ordnaidyn ta lhiggey da dagh boayl er y Chruinney dy ve enmyssit liorish possan dy earrooyn. Dy mennick, ta ny h-earrooyn reiht er yn aght dy vel un earroo shassoo er son ynnyd pontreilagh, as dy vel daa ny tree earrooyn shassoo son ynnyd cochruinnagh. She dowan-lhiurid, dowan-lheead, as yrjid eelipsoydagh ny fir s'cadjiney jeh ny co-ordnaidyn.
Parlamaid Vretyn

She çhionnal ashoonagh jeeveanit eh **Parlamaid Vretyn** (, ) ta jannoo slattyssyn ayns Bretyn.  Ta 60 olteynyn ayn, as adsyn nyn Olteynyn y Hionnal, ny OÇyn (Baarle: , Bretnish: ). T'ad er nyn reiy er son kiare bleeantyn fo corys tooilley oltenyn: ta 40 jeu nyn ynnydee rheynnyn-reih ny çheerey er nyn reih liorish corys yl-raght, as 20 jeu nyn ynnydee queig ardjyn reihyssagh rere corys tuarastyl choreiragh d'Hondt.

Rere refrane ayns 1997, hie y çhionnal er croo liorish Slattys Reiltys Vretin 1998.  Ghow eh er mooar-chooid pooaryn Oik Vretin as Screeudeyr Steat Vretin.  Tra haink eh rish, cha row kied echey dy yannoo ard-slattyssyn.  Liorish Slattys Reiltys Vretin 2006, ta kied echey ard-slattyssyn y yannoo bentyn rish cooishyn er lheh, liorish Saaseyn Çhionnal, ga dy vel ad fo crossey Screeudeyr Steat Vretin as Ard-whaiyl y Reeriaght Unnaneyssit.

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn magh

* 
* Ynnyd-eggey oikoil Senedd.tv
David Cameron

She shenn Ard-vinishter y Reeriaght Unnaneyssit eh **David Cameron** (; ruggit 9 Jerrey Fouyir 1966), neayr's 11 Boaldyn, 2010. Myrane lesh y churrym echey myr Ard-vinishter ny çheerey, t'eh ny Chied-Çhiarn er y Steat-Chishtey. T'eh ny h-oltey parlamaidagh (OA) er son Whitney.

T'eh ny chione toshee jeh'n Phartee Cumaadagh, as erreish da ard-reihys gyn tromlagh ayns Mee ny Boaldyn 2010 as conaant marish ny Libraalee Deynlagh, haink eh dy ve ny Ard-vinishter myrgeddin.
Cedar

Ta **cedar** (ny **sedar**) çheet er biljyn bearkanagh 'sy ghenus ***Cedrus***.  T'ad dooghyssagh da'n ard Meanvooiragh as sleityn Himalaya heear, ec yrdjidyn eddyr 1,000m as 3,200m.

## Jalloo-oaylleeaght

She biljyn sheer-ghlass t'ayn.  T'ad gaase 30-40m er yrjid son y chooid smoo.  Ta banglaneyn lheead rea oc.  Ta fuigh rosinagh soaral oc, as roost çhiu scaanit.  Ta daa horçh dy hole oc: stholeyn liauyrey ta çheet dy ve nyn manglaneyn, as stholeyn beggey ta gymmyrkey duillagyn.  Ta duillagyn snaidagh oc, 8-60mm er lhiurid as er nyn reaghey myr caslagh.  Ta bearkanyn stoandagh oc, 6-12km er lhiurid as 3-8km er lheead.  T'ad tuittym veih my cheilley tra t'ad appee dy lhiggey magh ny rassyn skianagh assdaue.  Myr dooieyn *Abies*, ta 2-3 bolganyn rosinagh meevlasstal oc; noi fioragyn, foddee.
 
## Imraaghyn
Ard-whaiyl y Reeriaght Unnaneysit as Nerin Hwoaie

She ard-whaiyl slattyssagh y Reeriaght Unnaneysit as ny Thallooyn harrish Mooir ee **Ard-whaiyl y Reeriaght Unnaneysit as Nerin Hwoaie** (ny keayrtyn, **Ard-whaiyl Hostyn** ny **Ard-whaiyl y Reeriaght Unnaneysit**).  She monark y Reeriaght Unnaneyssit kione yn ard-whaiyl; myr shen, she Çhalse III eh ec y traa t'ayn.

## Imraaghyn
Awin rioee

She awin vooar riojit ta gleashaghey dy moal harrish y thallooin ee **awin rioee** ny **rio-stroo**. T'ad jeant seose ass sniaghtey as rio, as ad er nyn jaglym trooid shiartanse dy vleeantyn tra ta'n çhaglym ny smoo na'n jummal eck. Ta'n rio ayns ny h-awinyn rioee ny hashtey smoo dy ushtey oor er y Chruinney. Ta awinyn rioee coodaghey ardjyn mooarey ayns ny h-ardjyn poullagh as t'ad ry-akin ayns slieau-reaynyn er dagh mooar-rheynn goaill stiagh yn Austrailaishey ('sy Teelynn Noa).
Rolley reireyderyn Reeriaght ny h-Ellanyn

She enmys va currit er ny reeaghyn ren reirey Inshyn Goal, ellanyn y Chleayee, as Mannin va **Ree Vannin as ny h-Inshyn** ny **Ree Vannin as ny h-Ellanyn**. She Reeriaght ny h-Ellanyn yn ennym va currit er y reeriaght shen.

## Rolley Reeaghyn Vannin as ny h-Ellanyn
*Flahyn as jarlyn Norlynnagh as reeaghyn Uí Ímair eigsoylagh (gys mean y 11oo eash)
*(Harral II Doo)
*Echmarcach mac Ragnaill (1052–1061) - Reeraghtys Phurt Largey
*Murchad mac Diarmata (1061–1070) - Uí Cheinnselaig
*Diarmait mac Maíl na mBó - ayr Vurchad
*Fingal Godfredson
*Gorree IV Crovan (1079–1095) - ree anmnagh jeh'n reeraghtys Uí Ímair
*Domnall mac Taidc Ua Briain (1095–1098) - mac braarey Muirchertach Ua Briain
:*Lurg Domnall mac Taidc, haink er Reeaghyn Vannin as ny h-Ellanyn dy ve nyn sharvaantyn jeh [[Reeaghyn Norlynn]].
**Reirey Norlynnagh jeeragh*: [[Magnus III Norlynn]] (1098–1102)
**Reirey Norlynnagh jeeragh*: [[Sigurd I Norlynn]] (1102–1103)
*[[Lagman Vannin|Lagman]] (1103–1104)
*[[Auley I Vannin|Auley I Bitling Ruy]] (1104–1153)
*[[Gorree V Vannin|Gorree V Doo]] (1153–1158)
*[[Somerled]] (1158–1164)
*[[Ragnald III Vannin|Ragnald III]] (1164)
*[[Gorree V Vannin|Gorree V Doo]] *currit stiagh er ash* (1164–1187)
*[[Ragnald IV Vannin|Ragnald IV]] (1187–1226)
:*Haink er Ree Vannin as ny h-Ellanyn dy ve ny harvaant jeh Ree ny h-Albinee, Alistair II.
*Auley II (1226–1237)

## Rheynn magh Reeriaght Vannin as ny h-Ellanyn
'Sy vlein 1237, va ny h-ellanyn Albinagh rheynnit magh veih Mannin as haink orroo dy ve nyn reeriaght heyr er lheh, roish haink urree dy ve lhiggit da'n chrooin Albinagh 'sy vlein 1265 liorish Conaant Pheairt.

:*Jeeagh er [[Ree Vannin]] as [[Çhiarn ny h-Ellanyn]]*.

## Imraaghyn
* *Handbook of British Chronology*, Cambridge University Press, 1986
* *Recortyssyn Vannin*

## Jeeagh er neesht
* Ree Vannin
* Çhiarn ny h-Ellanyn
* Eearley ny h-Orkaid
* Çhiarn Vannin
* Reeaghyn Ghivlyn
Raad ny Foillan

Ta ***Raad ny Foillan*** ny cassan troagyraght liauyr ayns Mannin.

## Bollagh as shennaghys
Ta *Raad ny Foillan* goaill toshiaght as goaill jerrey ec Droghad y Villey Bleeaney harrish Purt Ghoolish. Ta'n cassan kiarkylagh, ta 102 meeilaghyn er liurid, taishbynit er feie yn choose Manninagh liorish cowraghyn ta taishbyney foillan er cooylrey gorrym.

Va'n cassan currit er bun son dy chelloorey feaillaghyn "Vlein yn Eiraght" 'sy vlein 1986, as t'eh goll rish y choose dy cadjin as t'eh jeant seose jeh thalloo anchasley, eddyr traieyn gavel ec Inver Ayre gys cruink as eayninyn yrjey. 

Ta'n cassan jeant seose jeh ny rheynnyn shoh:

*Doolish gys Balley Chashtal (19.75 meeilaghyn)
*Balley Chashtal gys Purt le Moirrey (6 meeilaghyn)
*Purt le Moirrey gys Purt Çhiarn (7 meeilaghyn)
*Purt Çhiarn gys Purt ny h-Inshey (15 meeilaghyn)
*Purt ny h-Inshey gys Balley Keeill Vaayl (7.5 meeilaghyn)
*Balley Keeill Vaayl gys Jurby (7 meeilaghyn)
*Jurby gys Kione ny h-Ayrey (8.5 meeilaghyn)
*Kione ny h-Ayrey gys Rhumsaa (7.5 meeilaghyn)
*Rhumsaa gys Maghal (5 meeilaghyn)
*Maghal gys Laksaa (8 meeilaghyn)
*Laksaa gys Doolish (10 meeilaghyn)

## Blaanid as beiyn
Ec ny rheynnyn slystagh ta ushagyn marrey lheid as pirree, pibbinyn Manninagh, pibbinyn, stronnagyn, as foillanyn ry-akin myrane lesh raunyn glassey, as ec buill antraieagh ta kirree loaghtan Vanninagh ry-akin ayns ardjyn ta freillt liorish Undinys Eiraght Vannin.

## Jeeagh er neesht
**[[Bayr ny Skeddan]]* - cassan 14 meeilaghyn eddyr Balley Chashtal as Purt ny h-Inshey ta bunnit er y vollagh v'er ymmyd liorish ny h-eeasteyryn.
*Cassan Eiraght Vannin - cassan 10½ meeilaghyn harrish linnaghyn Raad Yiarn Vannin veih Doolish gys Purt ny h-Inshey.

## Imraaghyn

## Kianglaghyn mooie
* Cassanyn Vannin ec www.isle-of-man.com
* Raad ny Foillan ec ynnyd-eggey Reiltys Vannin
* Manx Footpath Task Force
Facebook

Ta **Facebook** ny ynnyd-eggey da moggyley sheshoil va shiaullit ayns Toshiaght Arree 2004 as ta fo-reirey as fo-stiurey liorish y cholught shelloodagh echey, Meta Platforms, lesh ny smoo na 500 millioonyn dy ymmydeyryn breeoil ayns Jerrey Souree 2010. Foddee ymmydeyryn cur sleih lioroo hene myr caarjyn as foddee ad shiaull çhaghteraghtyn hucsyn. Myrane lesh shen foddee ad jannoo nyn skeealyn ass y noa. Foddee ymmydeyryn kiangley lesh moggylyn ta rang-oardit liorish ynnyd obbree, scoill, ny colleish. Ta ennym yn ynnyd-eggey çheet ass yn ennym cadjin jeh ny lioaryn ta currit ta scollagyn ec toshiaght y vlein acadoil liorish lught-reill ollooscoillagh ayns ny Steatyn Unnaneysit as ad shirrey cooney ny scollagyn cur fys orroosyn hene. Ta Facebook lhiggey da dagh peiagh ta ny shinney na 13 bleeeaney d'eash cur ynnyd dauesyn hene er bun er yn ynnyd-eggey.

Va Facebook currit er bun liorish Mark Zuckerberg marish e chumraagyn shamyr as e chumraagyn scoillaragh va jannoo studeyrys er sheanse co-earrooagh myr Eduardo Saverin, Dustin Moskovitz as Chris Hughes. Va olteynys yn ynnyd-eggey caglit liorish ny bunneyderyn dys scollagyn Harvard, agh ny s'anmey v'eh lheanit dys colleishyn elley ayns ard Boston, y Leeg Hibbin, as Ollooscoil Stanford. Chur eh cooney da scollagyn ec ollooscoillyn elley roish e foshley dys scollagyn ayns ard-scoillyn, as, fo yerrey, dys dagh peiagh ny shinney na 13 bleeaney d'eash.

## Imraaghyn
Plastaid

She mynoltyn scanshoil ayns killagyn lossreeyn as algaghyn ad **plastaidyn**.  Ta kemmigyn scanshoil goll er co-haaghey ayndaue.  Dy cadjin, ta daaghyn co-haaghey sollysh ayndaue, as ta ny daaghyn shoh soaiaghey daah ny killag.

Ta dagh plastaid jannoo ymmodee coipyn jeh'n phlastoom kiarkylagh as 75-250 kilojees ayn.  Ta earroo ny coipyn croghey er obbraghyn y phlastaid; ta ram jeu (harrish 1000 ny keayrtyn) ayns killaghyn ta rheynn dy tappee (cha nel monney plastaidyn ayns lheid ny killagyn), agh 100 ny ny sloo ayns killagyn aasit, as ny plastaidyn oc er nyn rheynn hene dys ymmodee plastaidyn.  Ta mysh 100 gien 'sy phlastome, bentyn rish GRNr as GRNa, chammah's proteenyn as laue oc ayns co-haaghey sollysh, as obbraghyn aascreeu as çhyndaays.  Agh cha nel shen agh ayrnag ny proteenyn as feme oc dys jannoo plastaid.  Ta'n chooid smoo jeu er nyn goad ayns gienntagyn çheshveanagh, as ta cooilleeney gienntagyn plastaidagh as çheshveanagh co-reillt dys shickyraghey co-hrimmid cooie plastaidyn bentyn rish rheynn ny killag.

Ta currymyn plastaidyn goaill stiagh co-haaghey sollys, co-haaghey kemmigyn elley, as tashtey troaryn myr stark.  Foddee ad eddyr-scarrey, ny aa-eddyrscarrey, dys fo-chummaghyn plastaid, bentyn rish obbraghyn ny killag.  Foddee plastaid neuaasit (*proplastaid*) goaill er hene ny cummaghyn shoh:
*Chloroplastyn: dys co-haaghey sollys
*Chromoplastyn: dys co-haaghey as tashtey daaghyn
*Leucoplastyn: dys co-haaghey monoterpeen; t'ad geddyr-scarrey myr fir er lheh ny keayrtyn:
**Amyloplastyn: dys tashtey stark as cronnaghey ym-hayrn
**Elaioplastyn: dys tashtey geirr
**Proteinoplastyn: dys tashtey as caghlaa proteen

Ayns algaghyn, t'ad cur "leucoplast" er plastaid erbee gyn daah.  Cha nel shen y red cheddin as leucoplast lus.  

## Imraaghyn

## Lioaryn
* Bhattacharya, D. (Ed.) 1997 *Origins of Algae and their Plastids.* Springer-Verlag/Wein, New York. ISBN 3-211-83036-7
* Tree of Life Eukaryotes
Algey

She possan bea-oaylleeagh eh **Algae** (**algaghyn**).  She bioagyn bunneydagh t'ayn, as ad hetra-veeagh liorish co-haaghey sollysh son y chooid smoo.  Ta fir jeu un-chillagagh as fir elley yl-chillagagh, myr sampleyr, famlee vooarey.  T'ad cur famlagh er ny fir varrey smoo dy cadjin.

V'ad cliaghtey goaill stiagh Cyanobacteria prokaryotagh myr algaghyn, agh rere eieyn cadjin jeianagh, t'ad ny s'faggys da bacteyryn. Ta *algaghyn* çheet er bioagyn eukaryotagh ynrican jiu. Myr shen, ta çheshvean as plastaidyn far-chrackanagh ec feer algaghyn rere'n eie t'ayn nish. She possan paraphyletagh sa polyphyletagh t'ayn, er y fa nagh vel eh goaill stiagh dagh cloan y çhennayr co-chadjin s'jerree as cha nel shennayr algagh co-chadjin ec dagh fer jeu.  Ny yei shen, t'eh jeeaghyn dy vel co-vun ec y plastaidyn oc.

Ta feanish fossyllagh ayn jeh algaghyn mysh 3 billioon blein er dy henney, 'syn Eash Roie-Chambriagh

Cha nel ymmodee oltyn lossreeyn thallooin ec algaghyn.  Cha nel duillagyn, rhisoidyn ny fraueyn oc.  Ta ymmydee jeu hene-veeagh, agh ta fir elley micsotrophagh (goaill bree liorish co-haaghey sollysh as liorish goaill stiagh carboan orgaanagh, myr sampleyr, liorish ee killagyn.  Ta kuse dy ghooie un-chillagagh croghey er bree çheumooie as cha nel farrys co-haaghey sollysh oc.  Dys geddyn sliught, ta fir jeu rheynn dy neucheintyssagh, agh ta saaseyn crampit sheelraghey keintyssagh ec fir elley.

Ta farrys co-haaghey sollysh algey jeh Cyanobacteria 'sy toshiaght, as myr shen, t'ad cur magh ocsygien myr fo-hroar co-haaghey sollysh.  Shen anchasley rish obbraghyn bacteyryn elley ta co-haaghey sollysh.

## Rang-oardraghey
Rere tradishoon, v'ad goaill stiagh Cyanobacteria myr algey.  Rere'n eie t'ayn nish, t'ad cliaghtey dooney magh ad er bun anchaslyssyn mooarey; myr sampleyr, cha nel mynoltyn far-chrackanagh oc, ta un chroymasoom kiarkylagh, ta peptidoglycan 'sy voalley killag, as ribbosoomyn anchasley rish adsyn t'ec algaghyn.  Cha nel chloroplastyn oc, as t'ad co-haaghey sollysh er far-chrackan thylakoidjagh.  Myr shen, ga dy vel currym eggoaylleeagh cosoylagh ec y daa, cha nel ad casley rish y cheilley.

Rere soilshaghey jeinagh, she eukaryoteyn t'ayn, as adsyn co-haaghey sollysh ayns chloroplastyn (nyn mynoltyn far-chrackanagh).  Ta GDN kiarkylagh 'sy chloroplast, as ta'n mynolt gollrish Cyanobacteria.  She shimboshee sthie jeelymagh t'ayn, foddee.  Ta cummey er lheh ec chloroplastyn dagh clein.  Ta'n taabyl heese soilshaghey magh cummey ny tree possanyn algagh smoo.  Ta mooinjerys ry-akin 'sy diagram er y çheu yesh.  Ta olteynyn ayns ymmodee possanyn nagh vel co-haaghey sollysh nish.  Ta plastaidyn elley (cha nel chloroplastyn) ec fir jeu foast, as cha nel plastaidyn erbee ec fir elley.

Rang-oardraghey rere plastaidyn:

## Imraaghyn
Stroll

Ta **stroll** çheet er sorçh dy fidderaght lesh baare gloasagh as cooyl ouyragh eck. Ta stroll ymmydit ayns eaddeeyn dy mennick: ayns jaggadyn bluckan-valley, breeçhyn cuttagh roortagh, fo-eaddagh ben, gooynyn oie, blooseyn, as gooynyn fastyr, agh t'ee ry-akin ayns breeçhyn cuttagh doarney, lheinaghyn as carvatyn.
Gowaltys

She ayrn dy hallooin eh **gowaltys** ny **ferm** ta goaill stiagh strughtooryn eigsoylagh, as ta casherickit da'n chliaghtey dy hroarey as reirey bee (troar, grineyn, ny sthock, frauaigyn, as conney. Foddee dy vel gowaltyssyn ayns shelloo dooinney ynrican, lught thie, co-phobbyl, co-chorp, colught, ny steat.

## Greienys eirinagh
* Tayrneyder
* Keeaght
* Cleain
* Buinneyder mooar
* Bundeiler
Eiraght Ashoonagh Vannin

She **Eiraght Ashoonagh Vannin** () y çheshaght eiraght ashoonagh da Mannin. Va'n çheshaght currit er bun 'sy vlein 1951 myr **Treisht Ashoonagh Vannin** (*Manx National Trust*).

## Sar-reayrtys

Ta Eiraght Ashoonagh Vannin freggyrtagh er son:
* Shirveish Thieyn Hashtee Ashoonagh Vannin (goaill stiagh 12 voayl)
* Shirveish Lhiaghtyn Cooinaghtyn Ashoonagh
* Shirveish y Treisht Ashoonagh
* Y Tashtlann Ashoonagh
* Y Galleree Ellyn Ashoonagh
Cnobha

Ta **Cnobha** (fockley magh ny Yernish: /ˈknɔːvɘ/; , focklit magh myr /ˈnaʊθ/) ny oaye limmer Noa-littagh as ny voayl shenndeeagh ayns *[[Brú na Bóinne]]* ayns glion An Bhóinn, Coontae yn Vee, Nerin. 

Ta Cnobha ny oaye limmer smoo mastey ny h-oayghyn limmer çheusthie jeh co-hroggalys Brú na Bóinne. Ta'n boayl jeant seose jeh carnane mooar (enmyssit Boayl 1) as 17 fo-hommanyn beggey. Ta Boayl 1 ny charnane mooar ta coodaghey 1 hectare as ta cummal daa limmer, as ad soit er linney niar-sheear. T'eh cruinnit liorish 127 claghyn cribbanagh (lesh 3 jeu ass eanish, as 4 jeu lesh jeeyl vooar orroo). Cha nel ny limmeryn kianglt ry-cheilley, agh t'ad goll gys shamyryn oanluckee. Ta'n limmer hiar goll gys shamyr chroshagh, cosoylagh rish y limmer ayns Sí an Bhrú. Ta tree buill 'adanagh ayn as claghyn tobbyr-oonlee raad dy row fooillagh lostit ny merriu currit. 

Ta'n boayl fadanagh er y çheu jesh ny smoo er mooadys as ny smoo jesheenit lesh ellyn vooar-chlaghagh na ny buill 'adanagh elley, red ta sampleyragh jeh oayghyn limmer Yernagh jeh'n torçh shen. Ta'n limmer heear goaill creaghney ayns shamyr neuchronnalagh. Ta'n çhamyr shoh scarrit magh veih'n limmer liorish clagh leacagh. Va clagh tobbyr-oonlee ayn rieau, agh v'eh scughit ny s'anmey as nish t'eh ny hoie daa hrass heese y limmer.
Dubhadh

Ta **Dubhadh** () ny oaye limmer Noa-littagh ta soit ayns Glion An Bhóinn, Coontae yn Vee, Nerin. T'eh ny oaye shinney mastey ny tree preeu-oayghyn 'sy cho-hroggalys *[[Brú na Bóinne]]* (t'ad Sí an Bhrú as Cnobha ny fir elley). Cha nel yn oaye shoh cha lhiasit myr boayl turryssagh na ny nabooyssyn echey, er-yn-oyr dy vel y çhamyr ny s'inshley, as nagh vel y jesheenys cha ornaidagh.
Cathal Buí Mac Giolla Ghunna

She fer jeh ny feeleeyn smoo ennymoil, myrane lesh Peadar Ó Doirnín, Art Mac Cumhaigh as Séamas Dall Mac Cuarta, ass jiass Ulley as twoaie Lion 'sy 17oo as 'sy 18oo eash va **Cathal Buí Mac Giolla Ghunna** (c. 1680 &ndash; 1756). V'eh ruggit as troggit ayns Fer Managh as, lurg lhing ghiare echey myr saggyrt, hie eh lesh yn 'eeleeaght myr coorse-bea. 

Ga nagh vel "Cathal Buí", myr t'eh enmyssit dy caarjoil ayns beeal-arrish Bréifne, mie er enney ayns Nerin nish, ta'n obbyr mooar echey An Bonnán Buí tannaghtyn myr nane jeh ny keaynaghyn as arraneyn share er enney ass Nerin veih ny keead-bleeantyn jerree. Va çhaglym jeh'n obbyr echey, "Cathal Buí: Amhráin", foilshit magh ec y schoillar Breandán Ó Buachalla 'sy vlein 1975.
 
Ta studeyrys er scoill feeleeaght Bréifne ry-heet veih Pádraigín Ní Uallacháin. Ta e heihll kelloorit dagh blein 'sy çheer ghooghyssagh echey 'sy Bhlaic as ayns Béal Cú lesh feailley ta enmyssit ayns e onnor, Féile Chathal Buí.

## Imraaghyn

## Jeeagh er neesht
* Piaras Feiritéar
* Dáibhí Ó Bruadair
* Aogán Ó Rathaille
* Peadar Ó Doirnín
* Séamas Dall Mac Cuarta
* Art Mac Cumhaigh
* Eoghan Rua Ó Súilleabháin
* Seán Clárach Mac Dónaill
Eeast scowanagh

She eeastyn ushtey millish 'syn 'o-rang **Dipnoi** ad **eeastyn scowanagh**.  T'ad mie er enney er son freayll troghyn bunneydagh da eeastyn craueagh (goaill stiagh tayrn ennal) as da Sarcopterygii (goaill stiagh friogganyn babbagh as ushylagh sthie mie-aasit).  T'ad ry-akin 'syn Affrick, America Yiass as yn Austrail jiu, agh ta fossylyn cowraghey dy row rheamys mooar oc ayns ushtey millish traa dy row.

## Ronsaghey-kirpey as jalloo-oaylleeaght
Ta notochord lunganeagh gyn brishey oc, as noa-chlaigin lunganeagh.  Ta jeesyn dy 'riogganyn cleeau as frioggan pelvagh oc, as frioggan fammanagh ynrican, ayns ynnyd jeh friogganyn drommey, fammanagh as thoanney eeastyn cadjin.  'Syn imbagh lheimmee, ta eeastyn scowanagh Anerica Yiass firrinagh gaase friogganyn pelvagh fedjagagh.  T'ad feer chuishlinagh, as t'an eeast skeaylley magh ocsygien ass e 'uill dys yn edd as ny h-oohyn, as goaill magh daa-ocseed charboan.  Myr shen, t'eh gardjaghey co-chruinnaghey ocsygien er son ny h-oohyn as eeastyn aegey.

Ta ny feeacklyn oc anchasley rish dreeym-juntee elley.  Ta straihyn dy odontodeyn er y chlea as keeil s'inshley jannoo magh eaghtyr sleaystagh.

## Scowanyn

Ta un scowan ec eeastyn scowanagh Wheensland, as daa scowan ec ny dooieyn elley.  T'ad kianglt rish y farang, as t'ad coreggyragh rish scowanyn kiare-chassee.

Ta jargaght tayrn ennal ec dooieyn eeast elley, liorish bolgan gas cuishlinagh, agh t'ad nyn molganyn bunneydagh son y chooid smoo, gyn monney strughtoor sthie. Ta scowanyn eeastyn scowanagh aarheynnit ayns ymmodee myn-volganyn dys mooadaghey eaghtyr son co-cheaghley gas.  

### Tayrn ushtey
Cha nod agh *N. forsteri* tayrn trooid ny grooaneyn echey.  Ta grooaneyn eeastyn scowanagh elley ro-hirgit shen y yannoo.  

## Eggoaylleeaght
Ta eeastyn scowanagh ny h-Affrick as America Yiass tannaghtyn bio rish çhirmaghey yn ushtey oc, liorish towlaghey stiagh ayns laagh as tannaghtyn nyn gadley.  Ta'n soe oc goll ny s'melley, wheesh as 1/60oo y reat cadjin, as t'ad cur magh urrea ayns ynnyd ammoiney myr jeeyl, er y fa nagh vel eh cho nieunagh (rish imbee elley, t'ad keckey ammoiney magh 'syn ushtey as cha nel doilleeid oc).

Ta bea liauyr oc ny keayrtyn: ta eeast scowanagh Shedd Aquarium ayns Chicago er ve oc neayrs 1933.

## Kianglaghyn mooie
* Dr Anne Kemps - Lungfish Information site (Baarle)

## Imraaghyn

## Jeeagh er
*Lepidogalaxias salamandroides
Étrépagny

She commyoon 'sy rheynn Eure ayns ard y Norman ayns twoaie ny Frank eh **Étrépagny**. Ta mooinjerys lannoonagh eddyr Étrépagny as y valley Yernagh Baile Átha Troim, raad ta eiraght Normanagh ry-akin chammah.