Saki

**Hector Hugh Munro** (18 Mee ny Nollick 1870 – 13 Mee Houney 1916), she screeudeyr Goaldagh v’eh, as enney ny share er fo far-ennym **Saki**.  Ren eh screeu skeealyn keayllagh, as ny keayrtyn macabre, skittal er sheshaght as cultoor Edardagh.  She mainshtyr y skeeal giare eh, as sleih cosoylaghey eh rish O. Henry as Dorothy Parker dy mennick.  Ta ny skeealyn taishbyney karracteyryn geyre-chooishagh er jallooaghey, as briwnyssyn braew er ny skeealyn hene.  Ren eh ymmyd frioosagh jeh focklyn chammah dys troggal ny caslyssyn as bree v'eh mianey. 

Hie ny skeealyn giare lesh er soilshey magh ayns pabyryn-naight, rere cliaghtey yn eash, as lurg shen ayns lioaryn çhaglym.  Chammah as adsyn, screeu eh cloie slane-liurid, *The Watched Pot*, marish Charles Maude; daa chloie un-actagh; noaskeeal giare, *The Unbearable Bassington*; as yn skeeal ayns ronnaghyn *The Westminster Alice*, arrish er *[[Alice in Wonderland]]* rere Parlamaid y Reeriaght Unnaneysit.  Va'n skeeal lesh *[[When William Came]]*, as fo-ennym *A Story of London under the [[Hohenzollern]]s* echey, ny shennaghys sheinyssagh leah.  Y lioar ynrickan fo yn ennym kiart echey, she studeyrys shennaghys, *The Rise of the Russian Empire*.  Va cummaght er liorish Oscar Wilde, Lewis Carroll, as Rudyard Kipling, as haink y cummaght echey hene er A. A. Milne, Noël Coward, as P. G. Wodehouse

Ta obbyryn Munro fo çhiarnys theayagh nish.

## Ennym
Dy mennick, t'ad gra dy vel yn ennym *Saki* enmys yn erreyder-cappan ayns *[[Rubaiyat Omar Khayyam|Rubáiyát Omar Khayyam]]*, daan as sleih çheet er ayns kuse dy ny skeealyn, myr sampleyr, Reginald hene ayns *Reginald on Christmas Presents*.  Ny yei shen, foddee dy vel eh cur sheese da far-ghooinney as yn ennym cheddin echey, *apag beg as fammanagh veih'n lieh-chruinney Heear*, as eshyn ny bun-charracteyr ayns *The Remoulding of Groby Lington*.

## Bea-skeeal
Ruggyree Hector Hugh Munro ayns Akyab, y Vurmey (she Myanmar yn ennym urree nish), mac Charles Augustus Munro as Mary Frances Mercer.   Va'n ayr echey ny ard-scruteyder ny meoiryn-shee Burmagh tra va'n çheer shoh ny rheynn jeh'n Impiraght Ghoaldagh foast.  Va'n voir echey ny naunt y co-screeudeyr Dornford Yates, as hooar ee baase ayns 1872.  Roie booa cheader noi, as er fa yn ghreian, ren ee ymmyrkey roish y traa.  Cha ren ee couyral rieau, as hooar ee baase dy gerrid.  V'eh troggit ayns Sostyn marish yn braar as shuyr echey liorish y shenn-voir as nauntyn ain ayns lught-thie keyl-aignagh.

Va Munro ny ynseydagh ec Pencarwick School ayns Exmouth as Bedford Grammar School. Tra hie y ayr echey dys Sostyn ny haaue, ren Munro troailt kuse dy cheayrtyn marish yn ayr as shuyr echey, eddyr buill-çhaglym iu fassanagh Europagh as oayllyn turrysagh.  Ayns 1893 ren eh rere e ayr as hie eh stiagh 'sy Meoir-shee Impiroil Injinagh, as hie eh er list dys y Vurmey.  Daa vlein ny s'anmey, b'egin da irree ass er son drogh-laynt, as hie eh erash dys Sostyn.  Ayns shen ghow eh toshiaght myr naighteyr, screeu son pabyryn-naight er lheid y *[[Westminster gazette|Westminster Gazette]]*, *[[Daily Express]]*, *Bystander*, *[[Morning Post]]*, as *Outlook*.

Ayns 1900 haink rish y chied lioar Vunro: *The Rise of the Russian Empire*, studeyrys shennaghys rere ard-obbyr Edward Gibbon, *[[The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire]]*.

Veih 1902 dys 1908 va Munro ny naighteyr joarree da *The Morning Post* ayns ny Çheeraghyn Balkanagh, raad honnick eh Bloody Sunday, as ayns Paarys neesht.  Eisht daag eh yn obbyr as hie eh dys Lunnin.  Ta ram skeealyn yn eash shoh taishbyney ny fir ceaut as jesh Reginald as Clovis, as adsyn nyn vir-y-valley goaill eunys dewil as creoi veih neuaash as lhieggey ny mooaryn cliaghtagh as ro-aggyrtagh.  Chammah as ny skeealyn giare mie er fys, ren Saki screeu noaskeealyn.  Tammylt beg roish y Chaggey Mooar, as skeealyn ruegys creck dy mie, ren eh soilshaghey magh shennaghys sheinyssagh, *[[When William Came]] (A Story of London Under the [[Hohenzollern]]s)*, sheiltyn bea dy beagh barriaght ec Wilhem II ny Germaan er Bretin Vooar.

Ec toshiaght yn Caggey Mooar, ga dy row eh 43 as harrish yn eash rere'n reill, hie Munro stiagh 'sy chagnaght Royal Fusiliers myr sidoor cadjin, jiooldey oik.  Ymmodee keayrtyn hie eh erash da'n vagher caggee ga dy row eh ro-aslane ny ro-lhottit son caggey rere'n reill.  V'eh goaill fastee ayns towl shliggan faggys da Beaumont-Hamel, Y Raink ayns Mee Houney 1916 tra marr snaipyr Germaanagh eh.  Rere ymmodee binn, va ny focklyn s'jerrey echey *Put that damned cigarette out!* (*Jean mooghey y tudjeen mollaghtagh shoh!*).  Lurg e vaase, ren e huyr Ethel stroie yn chooid smoo jeh ny pabyryn echey as screeu e coontey hene jeh'n lambaanid v'oc.

Cha phoos Munro rieau.  Er lesh bea-skeealeyder Vunro, A. J. Langguth, she homocheintagh v'eh.  Va keintys eddyr deiney anleighagh ec y traa, as lurg y scammylt Cleveland Street ayns 1889, as lhieggey as nearey Oscar Wilde ayns 1985, ayns cooishyn leigh *[[cause celebre|cause célèbre]]*, er lesh *b'egin da Munro follaghey y çheu shoh e vea*.

Er son y tortys ren eh da screeuaght, ta tablad gorrym er thie er Mortimer Street, Lunnin, raad va Munro cummal.  Va *roomlet which came under the auspicious constellation of W* (*shamyr beg fo co-hollys rollageagh foayroil W*) cosoylagh rish ec karracteyr aeg echey dy row (shen gra, v'eh cummal ayns ard post Çheu Sheear Lunnin, raad va'n possan fassanagh cummal 'syn eash Edardagh).

## Lioaryn
* 1899: *Dogged* (skeeal giare, myr screeut liorish H. H. M. ayns *St. Paul's*, 18 Toshiaght Arree)
* 1900: *[[The Rise of the Russian Empire]]* (shennaghys)
* 1902: *[[The Woman Who Never Should]]* (skit politickagh, ayns *[[Westminster Gazette]]*, 22 Mean Souree) 
* 1902: *[[The Not So Stories]]* (skittyn politickagh ayns *[[Westminster Annual]]*)
* 1902: *[[The Westminster Alice]]* (skittyn politickagh, marish F. Carruthers Gould)
* 1904: *[https://web.archive.org/web/20040628170430/http://gutenberg.net/etext01/rgnld10.txt Reginald]* (skeealyn giare)
* 1910: *[https://web.archive.org/web/20040705112313/http://gutenberg.net/etext99/rgrus10.txt Reginald in Russia]* (skeealyn giare)
* 1911: *[http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~rgs/clovis-table.html The Chronicles of Clovis]* (skeealyn giare)
* 1912: *[https://web.archive.org/web/20040623100625/http://gutenberg.net/etext96/nbrbl10h.htm The Unbearable Bassington]* (noaskeeal)
* 1913: *[[When William Came]]* (noaskeeal)
* 1914: *[[Beasts and Super-Beasts]]* (skeealyn giare)
* 1914: ''The East Wing'' (skeeal giare, ayns *[[Lucas's Annual]]* / *[[Methuen's Annual]]*)
Soilshaghey lurg baase:
* 1919: *[https://web.archive.org/web/20040625120240/http://gutenberg.net/etext98/toypc10.txt The Toys of Peace]* (skeealyn giare)
* 1924: *[[The Square Egg and Other Sketches]]* (skeealyn giare)
* 1924: *[[The Watched Pot]]* (cloie, marish Charles Maude)
* 1926-1927: *The Works of Saki* (8 lioaryn)
* 1930: *The Complete Short Stories of Saki*
* 1933: *The Complete Novels and Plays of Saki* (goaill stiagh *The Westminster Alice*)
* 1934: *The Miracle-Merchant* (ayns *One-Act Plays for Stage and Study 8*)
* 1950: *The Best of Saki* (rg. liorish Graham Greene)
* 1963: *The Bodley Head Saki*
* 1981: *Saki* (liorish A.J. Langguth, goaill stiagh shey skeealyn neuhaglit)
* 1976: *The Complete Saki*
* 1976: *Short Stories* (rg. by John Letts)
* 1995: *The Secret Sin of Septimus Brope, and Other Stories*
* 2006: *A Shot in the Dark* (çhaglym 15 skeealyn giare neuhaglit)

## Çhellveeish
Ayns 1962, ren Granada Television claare doo-as-bane, as Phillip Mackie reaghey, cur ayns cummey drama ymmodee skeealyn Saki.  Va ny cloiederyn goaill stiagh Mark Burns myr Clovis, Fenella Fielding myr Mary Drakmanton, Richard Vernon myr yn Ard-Chaptan Major, Rosamund Greenwood myr Veronique and Martita Hunt myr y Ven Çhiarn Bastable.  Va ennym y chlaare *Saki*.

## Enmyssyn

## Kianglaghyn mooie

*
*Skeealyn neuhaglit &mdash; shey skeealyn beg er fys veih earishlioaryn roie-chaggey. 
* Recortys lioar-eaishtagh marish teks jeh ''The Open Window''.
*[Çhaglym Skeealyn Giare liorish Saki](http://www.amlit.com/Munro(SAKI)/Munro(SAKI).html) ec American Literature
*Skeealyn Giare Saki &mdash; Çhaglym feer slane jeh obbyryn Saki ayns cummey aashagh er lhaih.
*''The East Wing'' &mdash; skeeal giare (currit dy marranagh myr cloie) nagh vel ayn çhaglym erbee roish, er lhimmey clouyn ny s'anmey (1946 as lurg shen) y lioar 1930 *The Complete Short Stories of Saki*, er ny hoilshaghey magh liorish John Lane The Bodley Head Limited.
*Kianglaghyn da obbyryn liorish Saki

## Cremeydys screeuaght as bea-skeealaght
* ''Mapping London: Urban Participation in Sakian Satire'' &mdash; liorish Lorene Mae Birden.  Cremeydys screeuaght cruinnaghey er paart Lunnin.
* ''People Dined Against Each Other'': Social Practices in Sakian Satire &mdash; liorish Lorene Mae Birden. Cremeydys screeuaght cruinnaghey er oashyn sheshoil.
* *The Satire of Saki* by George James Spears &mdash; Lioar 127 duillagyn mynscrutaghey grinderys ayns lioaryn Saki.  Claare lioaragh as giare-choontey ooilley obbyryn Saki bentyn rish grinderys.
* Bea-skeeal liorish Ethel M. Munro &mdash; Bea-skeeal giare liorish shuyr Saki, cur fys bunneydagh er e vea.
* *Saki: A Life of Hector Hugh Munro* liorish A. J. Langguth &mdash; Goaill stiagh shey skeealyn neuhaglit as ymmodee jallooyn.
* *An Asp Lurking in An Apple-Charlotte: Animal Violence in Saki's The Chronicles of Clovis* liorish Joseph S. Salemi &mdash; Cremeydys screeuaght cruinnaghey er 
lhieenaraght beiyn ayns *The Chronicles of Clovis*, cur roish ec y jerrey dy vel ny beiyn cowraghey bun-ghooghyssyn as oashyn feie jeeragh ny karracteyryn.  Ry-gheddyn ayns Student Research Center jeh EbscoHost Database.
* ''The Unbearable Saki'' &mdash; liorish Sandie Byrne. Oxford University Press. 
* ''Where the Wild Things Are'' &mdash; liorish Christopher Hitchens. Olt er screeu Saki. Atlantic Monthly Mean Souree 2008