Malaria

**Malaria** be a mosquito-borne infectious disease wey dey affect vertebrates den *Anopheles* mosquitoes. Human malaria dey cause symptoms wey typically dey include fever, fatigue, vomiting, den headaches. Insyd severe cases, e fi cause jaundice, seizures, coma, anaa death. Symptoms usually dey begin 10 to 15 days after an infected *Anopheles* mosquito bite person. If dem no treat am properly, people fi get recurrences of de disease months later. Insyd those wey recently dem survive an infection, reinfection usually dey cause milder symptoms. Dis partial resistance dey disappear over months to years if de person no get continue exposure to malaria. De mosquitoes demaselves be harmed by malaria, wey dey cause reduced lifespans insyd those wey be infected by am.

Malaria be caused by single-celled microorganisms of de genus *Plasmodium*. E be spread exclusively thru bites of infected female *Anopheles* mosquitoes. De mosquito bite dey introduce de parasites from de mosquito ein saliva into de blood. De parasites dey travel to de liver, wer dem mature den reproduce. Five species of *Plasmodium* commonly dey infect humans. De three species wey be associated plus more severe cases be *P.&nbsp;falciparum* (wich be responsible for de vast majority of malaria deaths), *P.&nbsp;vivax*, den *P.&nbsp;knowlesi* (a simian malaria wey dey spill over into thousands of people a year). *P.&nbsp;ovale* den *P.&nbsp;malariae* generally dey cause a milder form of malaria. Malaria be typically diagnosed by de microscopic examination of blood wey dey use blood films, anaa plus antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests. Na dem develop methods wey dey use de polymerase chain reaction take detect de parasite ein DNA, buh dem no be widely used insyd areas wer malaria be common, secof dema cost den complexity.

De risk of disease fi be reduced by preventing mosquito bites thru de use of mosquito nets den insect repellents anaa plus mosquito-control measures such as spraying insecticides den draining standing water. Chaw medications be available make dem prevent malaria for travellers insyd areas wer de disease be common. Occasional doses of de combination medication sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine be recommended insyd infants den after de first trimester of pregnancy insyd areas plus high rates of malaria. As of 2023, na dem endorse two malaria vaccines by de World Health Organization. De recommended treatment give malaria be a combination of antimalarial medications wey dey include artemisinin. De second medication either fi be mefloquine (dey note first ein potential toxicity den de possibility of death), lumefantrine, anaa sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine. Quinine, along plus doxycycline, fi be used if artemisinin no be available. Insyd areas wer de disease be common, malaria for be confirmed if possible before dem start treatment secof concerns of increasing drug resistance. Na resistance among de parasites develop to several antimalarial medications; for example, chloroquine-resistant na *P.&nbsp;falciparum* spread to chaw malaria-prone areas, den resistance to artemisinin cam turn a problem insyd sam parts of Southeast Asia. 
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## Read further
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## External links

* WHO site on malaria (Archived 2020-05-02 at the Wayback Machine)
* CDC site on malaria (Archived 2021-11-28 at the Wayback Machine)
* PAHO site on malaria (Archived 2021-11-28 at the Wayback Machine)