Stroke

**Stroke** be a medical condition insyd wich poor blood flow to a part of de brain dey cause cell death. Der be two main types of stroke: ischemic, secof lack of blood flow, den hemorrhagic, secof bleeding. Both dey cause parts of de brain to stop functioning properly.

Signs den symptoms of stroke fi include facial drooping, inability to walk, move anaa feel on one side of de body, problems understanding anaa speaking, dizziness, anaa loss of vision to one side. Signs den symptoms often dey appear soon after na de stroke occur. If symptoms last less dan 24 hours, de stroke be a transient ischemic attack (TIA), dem sanso call a mini-stroke. Hemorrhagic stroke sanso fi be associated plus a severe headache. De symptoms of stroke fi be permanent. Long-term complications fi include pneumonia den loss of bladder control.

De most significant risk factor give stroke be high blood pressure. Oda risk factors include high blood cholesterol, tobacco smoking, obesity, diabetes mellitus, a previous TIA, end-stage kidney disease, den atrial fibrillation. Ischemic stroke typically be caused by blockage of a blood vessel, though der sanso be less common causes. Hemorrhagic stroke be caused by either bleeding directly into de brain anaa into de space between de brain ein membranes. Bleeding fi occur secof a ruptured brain aneurysm. Diagnosis typically be based on a physical exam wey be supported by medical imaging such as a CT scan anaa MRI scan. A CT scan fi rule out bleeding, buh no fi necessarily rule out ischemia, wich early on typically no dey show up on a CT scan. Dem dey do oda tests such as an electrocardiogram (ECG) den blood tests to determine risk factors den possible causes. Low blood sugar fi cause similar symptoms.

Prevention dey include decreasing risk factors, surgery to open up de arteries to de brain insyd those plus problematic carotid narrowing, den anticoagulant medication insyd people plus atrial fibrillation. Aspirin anaa statins fi be recommended by physicians for prevention. Stroke be a medical emergency. Ischemic strokes, if dem detect within three to four-and-a-half hours, fi be treatable plus medication wey fi break down de clot, while hemorrhagic strokes sam times benefit from surgery. Dem dey call treatment to attempt recovery of lost function stroke rehabilitation, den ideally dey take place insyd a stroke unit; however, dese no be available insyd much of de world.

Insyd 2023, na 15 million people worldwide get a stroke. Insyd 2021, na stroke be de third biggest cause of death, responsible for approximately 10% of total deaths. Insyd 2015, na der be about 42.4&nbsp;million people wey previously dem get stroke wey na dem still dey alive. Between 1990 den 2010 na de annual incidence of stroke decrease by approximately 10% insyd de developed world, buh e increase by 10% insyd de developing world. Insyd 2015, na stroke be de second most frequent cause of death after coronary artery disease, wey dey account for 6.3&nbsp;million deaths (11% of de total). Na about 3.0 million deaths result from ischemic stroke while na 3.3 million deaths result from hemorrhagic stroke. Na about half of people wey get a stroke live less dan one year. Overall, na two thirds of cases of stroke occur insyd those over 65 years old.

## References


## Read further
* 
* Gijn, Jan van (2023). Stroke: A History of Ideas. *Cambridge University Press*. ISBN 978-1-108-83254-0.

## External links

* DRAGON Score for Post-Thrombolysis 
* THRIVE score for stroke outcome 
* National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke