Heart

De **heart** be a muscular organ dem find insyd humans den oda animals. Dis organ dey pump blood thru de blood vessels. De heart den blood vessels togeda dey make up de circulatory system. De pumped blood carry oxygen den nutrients to de tissue, while dey carry metabolic waste such as carbon dioxide to de lungs. Insyd humans, de heart approximately be de size of a closed fist wey e be located between de lungs, insyd de middle compartment of de chest, dem call de mediastinum.

Insyd humans, de heart be divided into four chambers: upper left den right atria den lower left den right ventricles. Commonly, de right atrium den ventricle be referred togeda as de right heart den dema left counterparts as de left heart. Insyd a healthy heart, blood dey flow one way thru de heart secof heart valves, wich dey prevent backflow. De heart be enclosed insyd a protective sac, de pericardium, wich sanso dey contain a small amount of fluid. De wall of de heart be made up of three layers: epicardium, myocardium, den endocardium.

De heart dey pump blood plus a rhythm wey be determined by a group of pacemaker cells insyd de sinoatrial node. Dese generate an electric current wey dey cause de heart to contract, wey dey travel thru de atrioventricular node den along de conduction system of de heart. Insyd humans, deoxygenated blood dey enter de heart thru de right atrium from de superior den inferior venae cavae den dey pass to de right ventricle. From hie, e be pumped into pulmonary circulation to de lungs, wer e dey receive oxygen den dey give off carbon dioxide. Oxygenated blood then return to de left atrium, de pass thru de left ventricle wey e be pumped out thru de aorta into systemic circulation, wey dey travel thru arteries, arterioles, den capillaries—wer nutrients den oda substances be exchanged between blood vessels den cells, wey dey loose oxygen den dey gain carbon dioxide—before e be returned to de heart thru venules den veins. De adult heart dey beat at a resting rate close to 72 beats per minute.

Na cardiovascular diseases be de most common cause of death globally as of 2008, wey dey account for 30% of all human deaths. Of dese more dan three-quarters are a result of coronary artery disease den stroke. Risk factors dey include: smoking, being overweight, little exercise, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, den poorly controlled diabetes, among odas. Cardiovascular diseases no dey frequently get symptoms buh fi cause chest pain anaa shortness of breath. Dem often dey do diagnosis of heart disease by de taking of a medical history, listening to de heart-sounds plus a stethoscope, as well as plus ECG, den echocardiogram wich dey use ultrasound. Dem dey call specialists wey dey focus on diseases of de heart are cardiologists, although chaw specialties of medicine fi be involved insyd treatment.

## Additional images

File:Blausen 0451 Heart Anterior.png|De human heart dem view from de front
File:Blausen 0456 Heart Posterior.png|De human heart dem view from behind
File:Blausen 0260 CoronaryVessels Anterior.png|De coronary circulation
File:2008 Internal Anatomy of the HeartN.jpg|Frontal section of de human heart
File:Slide2aaaaaa.JPG|An anatomical specimen of de heart
File:Human Heart and Circulatory System.png|Heart illustration plus circulatory system
File:Animated Heart.gif|Animated heart 3D model dem render insyd computer


## References

## Bibliography
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## External links

* Transplantation of pig heart to human. BBC, 11 Jan 2022.
* Heart surgeon Bartley P Griffith talks about the unique transplant of pig heart to human.
* What Is the Heart? – NIH
* Atlas of Human Cardiac Anatomy
* Dissection review of the anatomy of the Human Heart including vessels, internal and external features
* Prenatal human heart development
* Animal hearts: fish, squid
* The Heart, BBC Radio 4 interdisciplinary discussion with David Wootton, Fay Bound Alberti & Jonathan Sawday (*In Our Time*, 1 June 2006)
* Heart Anatomy detailed guide for medical college students and medical professionals.