2028 Summer Olympics

De **2028 Summer Olympics**, officially de **Games of the XXXIV Olympiad** wey dem commonly know am as **Los Angeles 2028** anaa **LA28**, be upcoming international multi-sport event dem schedule make e take place from July 14–30, 2028, insyd de United States. Los Angeles go be de host city, plus various events dem sanso schedule make dem hold am for oda cities spread across de Greater Los Angeles area, plus two subsites insyd Oklahoma City.

Na Los Angeles originally bid for de 2024 Summer Olympics. However, after multiple withdrawals wey lef Los Angeles den Paris per for contention insyd, de International Olympic Committee (IOC) approve process make dem concurrently award de 2024 den 2028 Summer Olympics to de two candidates; Paris display preference give de 2024 Games, den Los Angeles agree make e host insyd 2028. Na dem praise both of de bids for high technical plans den innovative ways make dem use record-breaking number of existing den temporary facilities. Na dem formally award Los Angeles de Games for de 131st IOC Session insyd Lima, Peru, for September 13, 2017. Dem go mark de fifth Summer Olympics (first since Atlanta 1996), den ninth Olympics overall, make dem host by de United States. Na dem previously host de Summer Olympics insyd 1932 den 1984, Los Angeles cam turn de third three-time host city after London (1908, 1948, 2012) den Paris (1900, 1924, 2024), den de first non-European city make e do so.

After dem debut insyd 2020 as optional events, dem promote skateboarding, sport climbing, den surfing to de Summer Olympics' "core" event program. Boxing, modern pentathlon, den weightlifting na dem provisionally remove dem secof governance issues; na dem later reinstate modern pentathlon den weightlifting dey follow reform efforts, plus de former dem expect make dem employ fresh format wey dey replace show jumping plus obstacle course racing, while na dem postpone de decision for boxing. De 2028 Games go feature de debut of flag football den squash as optional sports, join by de return of baseball/softball, cricket (for de first time since 1900) den lacrosse (for de first time since 1908).

## Bidding process
For September 16, 2015, de International Olympic Committee announce de candidature process den de five candidate cities give de 2024 Games: Budapest, Hamburg, Los Angeles, Paris, den Rome. Budapest, Hamburg, den Rome eventually withdraw, wey lef Los Angeles den Paris per. Na similar situation already occur during de bidding for de 2022 Winter Olympics wen Kraków, Lviv, Oslo, den Stockholm withdraw, wey result insyd two-way decision between Beijing, China, den Almaty, Kazakhstan, plus dem ultimately declare Beijing de winner. For April 3, 2017, for de IOC convention insyd Denmark, Olympic officials meet plus bid committees wey komot Los Angeles den Paris make dem discuss de possibility of naming two winners insyd de competition make dem host de 2024 Summer Games.

After dese withdrawals, de IOC Executive Board meet insyd Lausanne, Switzerland, for June 9, 2017, make dem discuss de 2024 den 2028 bid processes. De IOC formally propose make dem elect de 2024 den 2028 host cities for de same time insyd 2017, proposal dat Extraordinary IOC Session approve for July 11, 2017, insyd Lausanne. De IOC set up process wer de Los Angeles den Paris 2024 bid committees den de IOC hold meetings insyd July 2017 make dem decide wich city go host insyd each of de two years.

Dey follow de decision make dem award de 2024 den 2028 Games simultaneously, na dem understand make dem prefer Paris for de 2024 Games make e mark de centennial of de 1924 Summer Olympics. For July 31, 2017, de IOC announce Los Angeles as de sole candidate give 2028, plus $1.8 billion of additional funding wey komot de IOC, wey allow make dem confirm Paris as de host give 2024. For August 11, 2017, de Los Angeles City Council vote unanimously make dem approve de bid. For September 11, 2017, Los Angeles receive formal approval from de IOC ein evaluation commission. For September 13, 2017, na dem formally award Los Angeles de 2028 Games dey follow unanimous vote by de IOC. De IOC praise de LA bid for dem use record-breaking number of existing den temporary facilities den for relying entirely for corporate funding top.

For October 16, 2017, Los Angeles 2028 receive official endorsement from de state of California. For August 29, 2018, Olympic officials arrive for two-day visit wey include meetings plus local organizers den tour of de city ein newest venues. For de time, LMU den *LA Times* polls state say na more dan 88% of Losers dey in favour of de city make e host de 2028 Olympic den Paralympic Games. Insyd March 2023, poll dem conduct by Suffolk University den de *LA Times* indicate 57% of Angelenos believe de Olympics go be good give de city compare to 20% wey dey think e go get negative impact.

## Development den preparations

### Transportation

De Twenty-eight by '28 initiative be effort by then-Mayor Eric Garcetti say de Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (LA Metro) plete 28 transit infrastructure projects before de start of de Games. Na chaw of dese projects den initiatives already dey insyd de planning stages during de bid, buh go receive accelerate priority, while na dem program several minor fresh projects plus de initiative. Insyd August 2024, Mayor Karen Bass announce say LA dey plan de Olympics make e be car-free, sanso term am '[public] transit-first' by organizers. Dem dey promote public transit as alternative to driving dem intend make e reduce congestion den travel times. For addition to physical den organizational improvement of de city ein own public transit infrastructure, Bass sanso suggest strategies such as make dem encourage remote work.

Dem gbele de K Line to revenue service for October 7, 2022, after multiple delays from opening dem plan insyd 2019. E dey link de Crenshaw District, Inglewood den Westchester. De K Line sanso dey connect to people mover wey dem dey construct since early 2018 make e link Los Angeles International Airport plus de LAX/Metro Transit Center station, plus opening dem anticipate insyd January 2026. De Inglewood Transit Connector be anoda people mover dem plan make e provide transportation between de K line den de Olympic venues insyd Inglewood.

While na dem plan various infrastructure improvements regardless of de outcome of de Los Angeles Olympic bid, de extension of de Metro D Line go be expedited make e serve de Olympics. Na dem create three phases make e extend de line. De first phase go extend de D Line from de Wilshire/Western station to de fresh Wilshire/La Cienega station. Dem go plete dis phase by 2025. De second phase go extend de D Line to Century City by 2026, while de third den final phase go extend de line to de West Los Angeles VA Medical Center insyd Westwood plus completion date set for 2027. De third phase sanso go include station wey dey adjoin de UCLA campus, wey dey connect Olympic Village den Pauley Pavilion plus venues insyd downtown Los Angeles. Construction begin insyd 2014 wey edey remain for schedule top.

Na dem plete de Regional Connector insyd downtown Los Angeles insyd 2023. De project connect de Metro E Line, wich already dey link venues insyd downtown Santa Monica to venues for Exposition Park den insyd downtown Los Angeles, to de southern half of de former Metro L Line. Dis dey allow for direct rail service between Santa Monica den East Los Angeles. De Regional Connector sanso link de Metro A Line plus de northern half of de Metro L Line, wey dey connect de Long Beach area den San Gabriel Valley via downtown. De construction of de San Dimas station for de A Line extension go service Bonelli Park, home of mountain bike events.

Dese infrastructure improvements, among odas, Measure R dey fund dem, temporary half-cent sales tax increase, den Measure M, continuation of Measure R ein tax increase plus additional permanent half-cent sales tax increase, both tax measures applicable to Los Angeles County. Na voters approve Measure R insyd November 2008 wey voters approve Measure M insyd November 2016. Both tax measures be unrelated to de Olympics wey dem pass by voters prior to na dem dey award de Olympic Games.

#### Bus fleet

LA28 organizers dey estimate Los Angeles go hia extra 2,700 buses make dem move spectators den athletes during events, dey double Metro ein current fleet. De organizers anticipate LA Metro make dem meet de demand den state dem dey support Metro insyd dema transportation infrastructure development plans. Metro reports e go take $700 million to $1 billion dem estimate make dem cover de cost. Thru de Vision 2028 plan, dem dey apply for federal grants wey dem dey identify oda nationwide agencies wey dey hia fresh fleet buses after de games make dem streamline re-sale.

### Budget
Insyd April 2019, na dem assess de cost of de Games dem estimate as ebe approximately $6.88 billion plus all de money dey cam from de private sector. De organizers adjust de budget for inflation after LA, wich originally bid for de 2024 Games, agree make dem wedge four more years.

De City of Los Angeles be de lead public guarantor, dey commit make dem spend up to $250 million make dem cover shortfalls. Insyd 2016, de California legislature take action so say dem empower Governor make e negotiate de next $250 million insyd public backup, buh after dem use de city backup money first. LA 2024 sanso gree make dem purchase wide range of insurance policies make cover financial relief insyd de event of natural disaster, terrorism, event cancellation, as well as reduced ticket sales. Dem dey expect make de Games generate as much as dem cost, plus $2.5 billion dey cam in thru sponsorships den nearly $2 billion earn thru ticket sales. Average ticket prices give de Games go range between $13 den $457 (insyd 2016 dollars).

### Security
Security go be handled by de U.S. federal government plus agreement sign by de LA organizing committee den Department of Homeland Security (DHS) insyd February 2020, buh e no be involve insyd de Games ein funding, dey cover de aforementioned security costs per.

De Olympics be de second make e take place insyd de United States since September 11, 2001. Like de Salt Lake City Olympics, wich take place five months after dat attack, de DHS designate de Olympics National Special Security Event (NSSE). Derfor, de U.S. Secret Service dey in charge of security. Insyd dis capacity, de Secret Service go head single chain of command.

## Venues
 De Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (*left*) den SoFi Stadium (*right*) go host ceremonies, athletics, den swimming events.Like de 1984 Summer Olympics, dem go host de 2028 Summer Olympics insyd majority of venues around Greater Los Angeles. De city ein bid rely for majority of existing venues den venues wey na already be under construction anaa dem plan dem regardless of de Games. Dem divide de majority of venues into clusters dem know as "sports parks", situate insyd Downtown Los Angeles, de San Fernando Valley, Carson (for California State University, Dominguez Hills), den Long Beach. Dem no dey build fresh permanent venues specifically give de Games. Like de 1984 Summer Games de Olympic Village go be situated for de UCLA campus top, while USC go be de Media Village.

De Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum den de Rose Bowl go host athletics den football (soccer), respectively. Both go cam turn de first stadiums make dem ever host three different Olympiads. Crypto.com Arena go host gymnastics, wey Intuit Dome go host basketball. BMO Stadium, wich na dem gbele am insyd 2018 as de home of Major League Soccer ein Los Angeles FC, go host de football finals. SoFi Stadium, wich na dem gbele insyd 2020 as de home of de NFL ein Los Angeles Rams den Los Angeles Chargers, go host swimming events. Riviera Country Club go host golf.

De Coliseum undergo major renovation den restoration program from 2017 to 2019. Na dem install fresh press box, loge boxes, den club seats. Crypto.com Arena sanso dey undergo renovations wich dem go plete by 2024. De NBA ein Los Angeles Clippers break ground for fresh arena insyd Inglewood—Intuit Dome—insyd 2021, wich na dem plete am on schedule, in time give de 2024–25 NBA season; insyd January 2024, na dem announce say de arena sanso go host basketball during de Games.

Insyd 2022, de Knight Riders Group den American Cricket Enterprises announce plans give fresh cricket pitch for Orange County Great Park insyd Irvine; while dem intend am primarily give de Los Angeles Knight Riders of Major League Cricket, wey na dem consider am make e be potential venue give de then-proposed cricket competitions during de Olympics.

Insyd January 2017, na dem report say na de bid committee propose make dem hold de opening den closing ceremonies for both SoFi Stadium den de historic Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, for acknowledgement of ein role insyd de 1932 den 1984 Olympics. De plans dem call de final leg of de torch relay dem go be ceremonially launch from de Coliseum, simulcast of de opening ceremony proper for SoFi Stadium give those for attendance, den de ceremonial re-lighting of de historic Olympic cauldron for de stadium once dem light de cauldron insyd Inglewood. Dem go hold de closing ceremony for reverse, plus opening segments for SoFi Stadium, wey dem go hold de official protocol for de Coliseum.

Make dem reduce costs den use more pre-existing facilities, LA28 announce changes to ein venue plans insyd June 2024. Na dem scrap de temporary aquatics center wey na dem schedule am dem go build am for USC ein Dedeaux Field, in favor of make dem hold swimming for SoFi Stadium, artistic swimming insyd Long Beach, den diving for de historic Los Angeles Swim Stadium (wich na dem build am give de 1932 Games). Plus planned configuration give 38,000 spectators, SoFi Stadium go be de largest swimming venue insyd Olympic history. Na dem move equestrian go Temecula, California, while na dem move softball den canoe slalom to existing venues insyd Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, instead of make dem build fresh venues give both events insyd Los Angeles County.
File:LA_Coliseum_gate.jpg|Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Olympic Cauldron, dem use for de 1932 Summer Olympics den 1984 Summer Olympics
File:Staples_Center_LA_Live.jpg|Night view of Crypto.com Arena (formerly dem know am as Staples Center)
File:Long_beach3.jpg|Long Beach
File:De_Neve_and_Dykstra_Hall_UCLA.jpg|UCLA student housing site of de Olympic Village
File:LAFC_East_Side_Stadium_interior.jpg|BMO Stadium


## De Games

### Sports

Dem dey expect de program of de 2028 Summer Olympics make e include events insyd at least 35 sports, wey dey include 27 of de "core" Olympic sports dem contest since 2016. Dese Games go introduce changes to de program of core Olympic sports, wey dey include de permanent addition of skateboarding, sport climbing, den surfing after na dem feature am as optional sports insyd 2020 den 2024. Na dem intend dese sports by de IOC make e replace boxing, modern pentathlon, den weightlifting, wich na dem place dem all under provisional status secof governance issues. Na dem later reinstate modern pentathlon den weightlifting, buh boxing dey remain under provisional status til further notice secof unresolved concerns. De Los Angeles 2028 Organizing Committee propose five optional sports: baseball/softball, cricket, flag football, lacrosse, den squash. Na dem approve dem by de IOC insyd October 2023 as part of dema policy of make dem dey introduce Games-specific sports make e maximize local interest den growth.

Of de 16 fresh disciplines dem propose by Olympic sports wey dey exist, na beach sprint rowing be de one per wey dem accept am by de IOC. E go replace de lightweight double sculls category, den consist of individual events give men den women as well as mixed double sculls event. Disciplines dem propose wich na dem no ultimately select include compound archery. Dem dey expect modern pentathlon make dem employ fresh format wich dey replace show jumping plus obstacle course racing.

* Aquatics
** Artistic swimming (2)
** Diving (8)
** Marathon swimming (2)
** Swimming (35)
** Water polo (2)
* Archery (5)
* Athletics (48)
* Badminton (5)
* Baseball
** Baseball (1)
** Softball (1)
* Basketball
** Basketball (2)
** 3x3 basketball (2)
* Canoeing
** Slalom (6)
** Sprint (10)
* Cricket (2)
* Cycling
** BMX freestyle (2)
** BMX racing (2)
** Mountain biking (2)
** Road (4)
** Track (12)
* Equestrian
** Dressage (2)
** Eventing (2)
** Jumping (2)
* Fencing (12)
* Field hockey (2)
* Flag football (2)
* Football (2)
* Golf (2)
* Gymnastics
** Artistic (14)
** Rhythmic (2)
** Trampoline (2)
* Handball (2)
* Judo (15)
* Lacrosse (2)
* Modern pentathlon (2)
* Rowing (15)
* Rugby sevens (2)
* Sailing (10)
* Shooting (15)
* Skateboarding (4)
* Sport climbing (4)
* Squash (2)
* Surfing (2)
* Table tennis (5)
* Taekwondo (8)
* Tennis (5)
* Triathlon (3)
* Volleyball
** Volleyball (indoor) (2)
** Beach volleyball (2)
* Weightlifting (10)
* Wrestling
** Freestyle (12)
** Greco-Roman (6)

#### Fresh sports
Since 2020, de program of de Summer Olympics dey consist of mandatory "core" sports wey persist between Games, den up to six optional sports dem propose by de organizing committee in order make e improve local interest, provide say de total number of participants no go exceed 10,500 athletes.

For December 9, 2021, de IOC executive board propose say skateboarding, sport climbing, den surfing, wich all successfully debut as optional sports for de 2020 Summer Olympics wey dem return insyd de same capacity insyd 2024, be promoted to de core program of de 2028 Summer Olympics make dem replace boxing, modern pentathlon, den weightlifting, wich na dem provisionally drop am from de program dey pend de resolution of governance issues, plus de IOC dey set deadline of 2023:

Insyd August 2022, de LA Organizing Committee shortlist nine proposed sports for consideration as optional events for dese Olympics: baseball/softball, breaking (breakdance), cricket, flag football, karate, kickboxing, lacrosse, squash, den motorsport. For October 9, 2023, de Organizing Committee announce say na dem officially submit baseball/softball, cricket, flag football, lacrosse, den squash for consideration by de IOC. Na dem approve all five sports for de 141st IOC Session insyd Mumbai, India. Na de IOC sanso reinstate modern pentathlon den weightlifting for de core program, dey cite dat na de sports ein governing bodies make sufficient efforts make dem dey carry out reforms. De IOC withhold a decision for boxing top secof de IBA ein expulsion den insufficient reach by World Boxing.

### Schedule
In order make dem facilitate use of SoFi Stadium for both de opening ceremonies den swimming, dem go reverse de scheduling of swimming den athletics events for comparison to dema traditional Olympic scheduling. Track den field go take place during de first week of de Games instead, after wich dem go reconfigure de stadium make dem uncover de pool for preparation for swimming competition during de second week.

## Marketing

### Emblem

### Corporate sponsorship

## Broadcasting rights

## References


## External links
**2028 Summer Olympics** at Wikipedia ein sisto projects

*  from Commons
*  from Wikivoyage
*  from Wikidata

* "Los Angeles 2028". *Olympics.com*. International Olympic Committee.
* LA 2028

### Candidature files

* Stage 1: Vision, Games Concept and Strategy
* Stage 2: Governance, Legal and Venue Funding
** Budget released Dec. 2nd, 2016
* Stage 3: Games Delivery, Experience, and Venue Legacy
** Sustainability Vision