Afghanistan

**Afghanistan**, wey dem dey officially call de **Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan**, be one landlocked country wey dey for de crossroads of Central Asia den South Asia. E get Pakistan for de east plus south, Iran for de west, Turkmenistan for de northwest, Uzbekistan for de north, Tajikistan for de northeast, den China for de northeast den east. De country cover 652,864 square kilometers (252,072 sq mi) of land, wey chaw parts be mountains, but e get plains for de north plus de southwest, wey de Hindu Kush mountain range separate dem. Kabul be de capital city den de biggest city for Afghanistan. De population of Afghanistan dey estimate say e dey between 36–50 million. 

Na people dey live for Afghanistan since Middle Paleolithic era. E get de nickie "graveyard of empires" secof na e see chaw military campaigns, wey dey include ones from de Persians, Alexander de Great, de Maurya Empire, Arab Muslims, de Mongols, de British, de Soviet Union, den de US-led coalition. Afghanistan sanso be de place wey de Greco-Bactrians den de Mughals take rise form big empires. Secof say na different conquerors rule de area from both Iranian den Indian cultural spheres, na de place be center for Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, Hinduism, den later Islam. De modern Afghanistan start plus de Durrani Afghan Empire for de 18th century, although sam people dey believe say Dost Mohammad Khan na de real founder of de first modern Afghan state. Afghanistan cam be one buffer state insyd de Great Game between de British Empire den de Russian Empire. From India, de British try take over Afghanistan buh na dem push dem back for de First Anglo-Afghan War; de Second Anglo-Afghan War wey na de British win. After de Third Anglo-Afghan War for 1919, Afghanistan komot from foreign political control wey dem cam turn de independent Kingdom of Afghanistan for 1926. Dis monarchy last almost half century til dem overthrow Zahir Shah for 1973, wey dem cam establish de Republic of Afghanistan.

Since late 1970s, na de history of Afghanistan dey full plus war, wey dey include coups, invasions, insurgencies, den civil wars. De fight start for 1978 wen one communist revolution bring socialist state (wey be reaction to de dictatorship wey coup d’état for 1973 create), den de internal wahala make de Soviet Union invade Afghanistan for 1979. De Mujahideen fight de Soviets insyd de Soviet–Afghan War, den after de Soviets komot for 1989, de Mujahideen continue make dem dey fight among demaselves. By 1996, de Taliban take control over most parts of de country, but de Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan dem create no get international recognition before de US invade Afghanistan for 2001 wey dem overthrow de Taliban. For 2021, de Taliban cam back to power after dem capture Kabul, wey e end de 2001–2021 war. As of June 2024, de Taliban government still never get international recognition secof human rights violations, especially de way dem dey treat women for Afghanistan.

Afghanistan get chaw natural resources like lithium, iron, zinc, den copper. E be de second-largest producer of cannabis resin, den de third largest for both saffron den cashmere. De country be member of de South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation wey e be founding member of de Organization of Islamic Cooperation. Secof de war wey happen for de past decades, de country dey struggle plus high levels of terrorism, poverty, den child malnutrition. Afghanistan still be one of de least developed countries for de world, wey e rank 182nd for de Human Development Index. De gross domestic product (GDP) of Afghanistan be $81 billion by purchasing power parity den $20.1 billion by nominal values. Per capita, de GDP of Afghanistan still be one of de lowest for any country as of 2020.

## Government den politics

### '''Administrative divisions'''
De 34 provinces insyd alphabetical order be:

# Badakhshan
# Badghis
# Baghlan
# Balkh
# Bamyan
# Daykundi
# Farah
# Faryab
# Ghazni
# Ghor
# Helmand
# Herat
# Jowzjan
# Kabul
# Kandahar
# Kapisa
# Khost
# Kunar
# Kunduz
# Laghman
# Logar
# Nangarhar
# Nimruz
# Nuristan
# Oruzgan
# Paktia
# Paktika
# Panjshir
# Parwan
# Samangan
# Sar-e Pol
# Takhar
# Wardak
# Zabul

## Demographics

### Urbanization
Kabul be de largest city, plus a population of 5 million. De oda large cities dey locate generally insyd de "ring" around de Central Highlands, namely Kandahar insyd de south, Herat insyd de west, Mazar-i-Sharif, Kunduz insyd de north, den Jalalabad insyd de east.

## References


## Read further

## External links

* Afghanistan. *The World Factbook*. Central Intelligence Agency.
* Afghanistan web resources provided by GovPubs at the University of Colorado Boulder Libraries
* Research Guide to Afghanistan Archived 23 August 2015 at the Wayback Machine