Food and Agriculture Organization

De **Food den Agriculture Organization of de United Nations** (**FAO**) be specialized agency of de United Nations wey dey lead international efforts say dem go defeat hunger den improve nutrition den food security. Ein Latin motto, *fiat panis*, dey mean "let there be bread". Dem form am for 16 October 1945 insyd.

De FAO dey comprise 195 members, wey dey include 194 countries den de European Union. Ein headquarters dey for Rome, Italy insyd, wey edey maintain regional den field offices worldwide, wey dey operate for ova 130 countries insyd. Edey help governments den development agencies dey coordinate dema activities make dem improve den develop agriculture, forestry, fisheries, den land den water resources. E sanso dey conduct research, dey provide technical assistance to projects, dey operate educational den training programs, den dey collect agricultural output, production, den development data.

## Structure den finance

### Directors-General

* John Boyd Orr, October 1945 – April 1948
* Norris E. Dodd, April 1948 – December 1953
* Philip V. Cardon, January 1954 – April 1956
* Herbert Broadley, (acting) April 1956 – November 1956
* Binay Ranjan Sen, November 1956 – December 1967
* Addeke Hendrik Boerma, January 1968 – December 1975
* Edouard Saouma, January 1976 – December 1993
* Jacques Diouf, January 1994 – December 2011
* José Graziano da Silva, January 2012 – July 2019
* Qu Dongyu, August 2019 – present

### Deputy Directors-General

* William Nobel Clark: 1948
* Sir Herbert Broadley: 1948–1958
* Friedrich Traugott Wahlen: 1958–1959
* Norman C. Wright: 1959–1963
* Oris V. Wells: 1963–1971
* Roy I. Jackson: 1971–1978
* Ralph W. Phillips: 1978–1981
* Edward M. West: 1981–1985
* Declan J. Walton: 1986–1987
* Howard Hjort: 1992–1997
* Vikram J. Shah (ad personam): 1992–1995
* David A. Harcharik: 1998–2007
* James G. Butler: 2008–2010
* He Changchui (Operations): 2009–2011
* Ann Tutwiler (Knowledge): 2011–2012
* Manoj Juneja (Operations): 2011–2012
* Dan Gustafson (Programmes): 2012–2020
* Maria Helena Semedo: 2013–present
* Laurent Thomas: 2017–2023
* Beth Bechdol: 2020–present
* Maurizio Martina: 2023-present

## Offices

### FAO Headquarters
De world headquarters dey locate insyd Rome, for de former seat of de Department of Italian East Africa insyd. Na one of de most notable features of de building be de Axum Obelisk wich stand in front of de agency seat, although just outside de territory de Italian Government allocate to de FAO. Benito Mussolini ein troops take am from Ethiopia for 1937 insyd as war booty wey dem return am for 18 April 2005.

### Regional Offices

* Regional Office give Africa, insyd Accra, Ghana
* Regional Office give Asia den de Pacific, insyd Bangkok, Thailand
* Regional Office give Europe den Central Asia, insyd Budapest, Hungary
* Regional Office give Latin America den de Caribbean, insyd Santiago de Chile, Chile
* Regional Office give de Near East, insyd Cairo, Egypt

### Sub-regional Offices

* Sub-regional Office give Central Africa (SFC), insyd Libreville, Gabon
* Sub-regional Office give Central Asia, insyd Ankara, Turkey
* Sub-regional Office give Eastern Africa (SFE), insyd Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
* Sub-regional Office give Mesoamerica (SLM), insyd Panama City, Panama
* Sub-regional Office give North Africa, insyd Tunis, Tunisia
* Sub-regional Office give Southern Africa den East Africa, insyd Harare, Zimbabwe
* Sub-regional Office give de Caribbean, insyd Bridgetown, Barbados
* Sub-regional Office give de Gulf Cooperation Council States den Yemen, insyd Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
* Sub-regional Office give de Pacific Islands, insyd Apia, Samoa

### Liaison Offices

* Liaison Office give North America, insyd Washington, D.C., United States
* Liaison Office plus Japan, insyd Yokohama
* Liaison Office plus de European Union den Belgium, insyd Brussels
* Liaison Office plus de Russian Federation, insyd Moscow
* Liaison Office plus de United Nations, insyd Geneva, Switzerland
* Liaison Office plus de United Nations, insyd New York City, United States

### Partnership den Liaison Offices
Partnership den Liaison Offices dey provide for stronger country participation insyd de FAO ein work den programmes at national, sub-regional, regional, den inter-regional levels, wey dem enhance cooperation thru unilateral trust fund projects den South–South cooperation.

* Azerbaijan
* Cameroon
* Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
* Equatorial Guinea
* Kazakhstan
* Mexico
* Republic of Korea (South Korea)

## Membership
As of 1 May 2020, de Organization get 194 Member Nations, one Member Organization, den two Associate Members.

# Afghanistan
# Albania
# Algeria
# Andorra
# Angola
# Antigua and Barbuda
# Argentina
# Armenia
# Australia
# Austria
# Azerbaijan
# Bahamas, The
# Bahrain
# Bangladesh
# Barbados
# Belarus
# Belgium
# Belize
# Benin
# Bhutan
# Bolivia
# Bosnia and Herzegovina
# Botswana
# Brazil
# Brunei
# Bulgaria
# Burkina Faso
# Burundi
# Cambodia
# Cameroon
# Canada
# Cape Verde
# Central African Republic
# Chad
# Chile
# China
# Colombia
# Comoros
# Congo, Democratic Republic of the
# Congo, Republic of the
# Cook Islands
# Costa Rica
# Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
# Croatia
# Cuba
# Cyprus
# Czech Republic (Czechia)
# Denmark
# Djibouti
# Dominica
# Dominican Republic
# Ecuador
# Egypt
# El Salvador
# Equatorial Guinea
# Eritrea
# Estonia
# Eswatini (Swaziland)
# Ethiopia
# European Union
# Faroe Islands
# Fiji
# Finland
# France (French Republic)
# Gabon
# Gambia, The
# Georgia
# Germany
# Ghana
# Greece
# Grenada
# Guatemala
# Guinea
# Guinea-Bissau
# Guyana
# Haiti
# Honduras
# Hungary
# Iceland
# India
# Indonesia
# Iran
# Iraq
# Ireland
# Israel
# Italy
# Jamaica
# Japan
# Jordan
# Kazakhstan
# Kenya
# Kiribati
# Korea, Democratic People's Republic of
# Korea, Republic of
# Kuwait
# Kyrgyzstan
# Laos
# Latvia
# Lebanon
# Lesotho
# Liberia
# Libya
# Lithuania
# Luxembourg
# Madagascar
# Malawi
# Malaysia
# Maldives
# Mali
# Malta
# Marshall Islands
# Mauritania
# Mauritius
# Mexico
# Micronesia, Federated States of
# Moldova
# Monaco
# Mongolia
# Montenegro
# Morocco
# Mozambique
# Myanmar (Burma)
# Namibia
# Nauru
# Nepal
# Netherlands
# New Zealand
# Nicaragua
# Niger
# Nigeria
# Niue
# North Macedonia
# Norway
# Oman
# Pakistan
# Palau
# Panama
# Papua New Guinea
# Paraguay
# Peru
# Philippines
# Poland
# Portugal
# Qatar
# Romania
# Russian Federation
# Rwanda
# Saint Kitts and Nevis
# Saint Lucia
# Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
# Samoa
# San Marino
# São Tomé and Príncipe
# Saudi Arabia
# Senegal
# Serbia
# Seychelles
# Sierra Leone
# Singapore
# Slovakia
# Slovenia
# Solomon Islands
# Somalia
# South Africa
# South Sudan
# Spain
# Sri Lanka
# Sudan
# Suriname
# Sweden
# Switzerland
# Syria
# Tajikistan
# Tanzania
# Thailand
# Timor-Leste (East Timor)
# Togo
# Tokelau
# Tonga
# Trinidad and Tobago
# Tunisia
# Turkey
# Turkmenistan
# Tuvalu
# Uganda
# Ukraine
# United Arab Emirates
# United Kingdom
# United States
# Uruguay
# Uzbekistan
# Vanuatu
# Venezuela
# Vietnam
# Yemen
# Zambia
# Zimbabwe

## References

## Read further
* *Story of the FAO Library: 65th Anniversary, 1952–2017* (Rome: Food and Agricultural Organization, 2017).
* "Confronting a Hungry World: The United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization in a Historical Perspective". Special Issue of *International History Review* 41:2 (2019): 345–458. DOI:  online review Archived 31 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine
* Abbott, John Cave. *Politics and Poverty: A Critique of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations* (Routledge, 1992).
* Hambidge, Gove. *The Story of FAO* (1955)
* Jachertz, Ruth. "'To Keep Food Out of Politics': The UN Food and Agriculture Organization, 1945–1965", in *International Organizations and Development, 1945–1990,* eds. Marc Frey, Sönke Kunkel and Corinna R. Unger (Palgrave Macmillan, 2014), 75–100.
* Pernet, Corinne A., and Amalia Ribi Forclaz. "Revisiting the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO): International Histories of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Development", *International History Review* 41:2 (2019): 345–350, historiography.
* Pernet, Corinne A. "FAO from the Field and from Below: Emma Reh and the Challenges of Doing Nutrition Work in Central America." *International History Review* 41.2 (2019): 391–406.
* Ribi Forclaz, Amalia. "From Reconstruction to Development: The Early Years of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the Conceptualization of Rural Welfare, 1945–1955." *International History Review* 41.2 (2019): 351–371.
* Siegel, Benjamin. "'The Claims of Asia and the Far East': India and the FAO in the Age of Ambivalent Internationalism." *International History Review* 41.2 (2019): 427–450.
* Staples, Amy L.S. *The Birth of Development: How the World Bank, Food and Agriculture Organization, and World Health Organization Changed the World, 1945–1965* (Kent State University Press, 2006).
* Tracy, Sarah W. "A global journey–Ancel Keys, the FAO, and the rise of transnational heart disease epidemiology, 1949–1958." *International History Review* 41.2 (2019): 372–390.
* Maunder, Mike. "Plant Conservation". Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, vol. 6, 2013, pp.&nbsp;76–89.