Taqlid

***Taqlid*** (Arabic: تقليد, romanized: *Taqlīd*) be a term dem use insyd Islamic jurisprudence to denote de conformity of one person to de teaching of anoda. As such, de person wey dey perform *taqlid* be termed *muqallid*. De definite meaning of de term dey vary depending on context den age. Classical usage of de term dey differ between Sunni Islam den Shia Islam. Sunni Islamic usage dey designate de unjustified conformity of one person to de teaching of anoda, rada dan de justified conformity of a layperson to de teaching of a *mujtahid* (a person wey be qualified for independent reasoning). Shia Islamic usage dey designate general conformity to de teaching of a *mujtahid*, wey der be no negative connotation. De discrepancy dey correspond to differing views on de Shia Imamate den Sunni imams. 

Insyd contemporary Salafi usage, dem often dey portray *taqlid* insyd a negative light den translated as "blind imitation". Dis dey refer to de perceived stagnation of independent effort (*[[ijtihad]]*) den uncritical imitation of traditional religious interpretation by de religious establishment in general.

## Overview

De Arabic word *taqlīd* be derived from de three-letter Arabic verbal root of  *Q-L-D *, wich dey mean to imitate. De term be believed to have originate from de idea of allowing oneself to be lead "by de collar". Dem dey call one wey perform *taqlid* a *muqallid*, wer as dem dey call one wey reject *taqlid* a *ghair-muqallid*.
 
### Sunni Islam
Traditionally, *taqlid* be lawful den obligatory wen one no be qualified as a *mujtahid*. According to Rudolph Peters, dis be by de consensus of all Sunni Muslims.

Traditional Sunni scholars dey rely on two verses of de Qur'an wey order one to ask de people of knowledge anaa remembrance if dem no know den to obey Allah, de messenger den those insyd authority among dem. Dem sanso rely on several *[[Hadith|hadiths]]*, wey dey include one wer Muhammad tell ein companions, "If one no know wat to do, de only remedy be to inquire." Muhammad do dis after a companion wey fracture ein skull ask oda companions plus am whether he fi perform dry purification. Dem say no. So dis injured companion wash ein head plus water wey he die. Muhammad admonish ein companions by saying, "Dem kill am. May Allah kill dem. If one no know wat to do, de only remedy be to inquire."

Salafi den Wahhabis reject *taqlid* of de four schools, Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i den Hanbali, den instead encourage *[[ijtihad]]* (independent reasoning) Salafi Wahhabi scholars regard *taqlid* as a form of shirk (polytheism). Salafis like Sanaullah Amritsari go to de extent of declaring *taqlid* as *kufr* (disbelief).

### Shia Islam
Insyd Shia Islam, *taqlid* "dey denote de following anaa "imitating" of de dictates of a *mujtahid*".  Following de greater occultation (*al-ghaybatu 'l-kubra*) insyd 941 CE (329 AH), de Twelver Shia be obliged to observe *taqlid* insyd dema religious jurisprudential affairs by following de teachings of a thinker (*mujtahid*) anaa jurist (*faqih*). As of de 19th century de Shia *[[ulama]]* teach believers to turn to "a source of *taqlid*" (*marja' at-taqlid*) "for advice den guidance den as a model to be imitated." Thus Shia wey no be experts insyd Islamic jurisprudence (*[[fiqh]]*) be "legally required to follow de instructions of de expert, i.e., de *mujtahid*" insyd matters of *[[sharia]]*, buh dem be forbidden to do so insyd "matters of belief" (usul al-din).

## References