Dutula lo Yordan

**Dutula Yordan** deuyito Dutula haya’iyo  kilometer (156 mil) to Timur Tengah tolo-tolohu lonto Tilayo ode Huliyaliyo lumawode  Bulalo Galilea (bahasa Ibrani: כנרת Kinneret, bahasa Arab: Bohayrat Tabaraya, yartiliyo  Bulalo Tiberias) wawu ode Laut Mati.  Yordania  wawu  Dataran yitato Golan babatasi wolo dutula boti to imbihu pobutuwa ,sementara toimbihu otolopa  Palestina wawu  Israel woluwo to imbihu otolopaliypo,Yordania meyambo  Bihiyo otolopa lohama tanggulo timongoliyo monto dutula boti.

Dutula botiye otanggulo palalu todelomo agama  Yahudi (agama)|Yahudi wawu Kekristenan|Kristen. Huhama Alkitab, bangusa Israel mobalanga’o ode Tanah Suci|Huta pilojanjiya wawu Yesus|Yesus lonto Nazaret Pembaptisan Yesus|dibaptis ole Yohanes Pembaptis di sungai ini.

## Etimologi
Tanggulo delomo  bahasa Ibrani: "*<big>י<span lang="he" dir="ltr">רדן</span></big>*" (*yardén*,  lang-en|descender, artiliyo **tamolahu**. lonto akar kata "*<big>ירד</big>*" (*yarad*,  ang-en|to descend, tuwawu lotahe artiliyo”lahu,molahu,ode tibawa ".

## Ciri fisik
### Wala’o Dutula
Botiye de’uyito wala’o dutula u’ulawuwa lowali dutula yordan to kolam imbihu tilayo,lonto otolopa ode pobutuwa: 
* :en:Nahal Ayun|Ayun (Ibrani: עיון *Ayun*, Arabic: دردره *Dardara* or براغيث *Braghith* - to peta mulolo yilumeneto :en:Palestine Exploration Fund|Palestine Exploration Fund (PEF) tula-tuladu lali *Nahr Bareighit* to Imbihu huliyaliyo wawu  *Wadi el-Kharrar* to  :en:Marjeyoun District|area Merj 'Ayun, tolo-tolohe lonto  Lebanon.
* Dutula Hasbani|Hasbani (Arab: الحاصباني *Hasbani*, Ibrani: שניר *Snir* meyambo *Hatzbani*), tilumoloheyi lonto Gunung Libanon.
* :en:Dan River (Middle East)|Dan (Ibrani: דן *Wawu*, Arab: اللدان *Leddan*), butuliyo ode bungo lo y  Hu’idu Hermon.
* :en:Banias|Banias (Arabi: بانياس *Banias*, Ibrani: *Banias*meyambo  חרמון *Hermon*), sumberliyo lonto matolotaluhu tuwawu to Barnias, to bungo  Hu’idu Hermon.

Imbihu Huliyaliyo  Bulalo  Galilea dutula boti mololimo tolohiyo lotaluhu lonto wala’o dutula uwewoliyoma’o ,u lelemulo towolotaliyo :
* :en:Yarmouk River|sungai Yarmouk
* :en:Zarqa River|sungai Zarqa

### Tolohiyo
Dutula botiye lolahe da’a to potoloheliyo ngohilaya’o  ke arah Lembah Hula|Bulalo  Hula,dudutuliyo ngo’idi toyitato datahu deheto.lumuwalo lonto bulalo boyito,Dutula boti tuhu-tuhuto lebe molamingo ngohilaya’o  convert|25|km ode Danau Galilea. Ngotayadiyo pulitiyo tilemba, sehingga tolohiyo moopoto to;udipo tumuwoto  Laut Mati, sekitar 422 meter totibawa permukaan deheto, teto didu’u  tolo-tolohu (:en:Endorheic basin|endorheic basin). Duluwo wala’o dutula utama tumuwoto monto pobutuwa imbihu pulitiyo boti de’uyito Dutula Yarmouk wawu Dutula Zarga.

Imbihu Tilayo  Bulalo  Galilea (Ibrani: כנרת *Kinneret*, Arabi: *Bohayrat Tabaraya*, artiliyo Bulalo  Tiberias) yilantalaliyo tumuwoto todelomo pilito Israel, Dutula boti lowali pilito imbihu otolopa wolo  Dataran molanggato Golan. Imbihu pobutuwa bulalo,Dutula boti lowali pilito wolota lo Yordania|Kerajaan Yordania (imbihu pobutuwa wawu Israel wolo Palestina (imbihu otolopa).

## Dampak ode Manusia
Berkas:Jordan Abbud.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Kartu pos otilidalaliyo dutula Yordan, karya Karimeh Abbud, todelomo tawunu 1925.
To tawunu 1964, Israel lo mulai mengoperasikan stasiun pomba mopotolohu taluhu monto deheto Galilea ode "Pengangkut Air Nasional Israel|Pengangkut Air Nasional". to tawunu U sama, Yordania lomongu Terusan (geografi)|terusan mopotolohu taluhu lonto dutula Yarmouk, wala'o dutula uwewoliyoma'o lonto dutula Yordan,ode Terusan Raja Abdullah|Terusan Ghor imbihu pobutuwa. Suriah olo malo mongu  waduk he metampungi taluhu Yarmouk. Para aktivis lingkungan hemopotala Israel, Yordania, wawu Suriah to o'antulu lo ekosistem dutula Yordan.

## Paraluliyo lo Alkitab

Berkas:Dore joshua crossing.jpg|thumb|right|320px|" ta'ukekeingi Israil mobalango Taluhu dutulaYordan" ilomata le Gustave Doré
### Al Kitab Ibrani
In the **Hebrew Bible** the Jordan is referred to as the source of fertility to a large plain ("Kikkar ha-Yarden"), and it is said to be like "the garden of God" (Book of Genesis|Genesis {{bibleverse-nb||Genesis|13:10|HE). There is no regular description of the Jordan in the Bible; only scattered and indefinite references to it are given. Jacob crossed it and its tributary, the Jabbok (the modern Al-Zarqa), on his way back from Haran (bibleverse||Genesis|32:11|HE, bibleverse-nb||Genesis|32:23-24|HE). It is noted as the line of demarcation between the "two tribes and the half tribe" settled to the Transjordan (Bible)|east (Book of Numbers|Numbers  bibleverse-nb||Numbers|34:15|HE) and the "nine tribes and the half tribe of Manasseh" that, led by Joshua, settled to the west (bibleverse||Joshua|13:7|HE, passim).

Opposite Jericho, it was called "the Jordan of Jericho" (bibleverse||Numbers|34:15|HE; bibleverse-nb||Numbers|35:1|HE). The Jordan has a number of ford (crossing)|fords, and one of them is famous as the place where many Ephraimites were slain by Jephthah (Book of Judges|Judges bibleverse-nb||Judges|12:5-6|HE). It seems that these are the same fords mentioned as being near Beth-barah, where Gideon lay in wait for the Midian ites (bibleverse||Judges|7:24|HE). In the plain of the Jordan, between Sukkot|Succoth and Zarthan, is the clay ground where Solomon had his brass-foundries (Books of Kings|1 Kings bibleverse-nb|1|Kings|7:46|HE).

In biblical history, the Jordan appears as the scene of several miracles, the first taking place when the Jordan, near Jericho, was crossed by the Israelites under Joshua (bibleverse||Joshua|3:15-17|HE). Later the two tribes and the half tribe that settled east of the Jordan built a large altar on its banks as "a witness" between them and the other tribes (bibleverse||Joshua|22:10|HE, bibleverse-nb||Joshua|22:26|HE, et seq.). The Jordan was crossed by Elijah and Elisha on dry ground (bibleverse|2|Kings|2:8|HE, bibleverse-nb|2|Kings|2:14|HE). God thrived through Elisha performing two other miracles at the Jordan: God healed Naaman by having him bathe in its waters, and he made the axe head of one of the "children of the prophets" float, by throwing a piece of wood into the water (bibleverse|2|Kings|5:14|HE; bibleverse-nb|2|Kings|6:6|HE).

## Paraluliyo lo Simbolis
The Jordan is a frequent symbol in Folk music|folk, Gospel music|gospel, and Spiritual (music)|spiritual music, and in poetry|poetic and literature|literary works.

Because the Israelites made a difficult and hazardous journey from slavery in Egypt to freedom in *Promised Land|The Promised Land*, the Jordan can refer to freedom. The actual crossing is the final step of the journey, which is then complete.

Because of the baptism of Jesus, water from the Jordan is employed for the christening of heirs and princes in several Christian royal houses, such as the cases of Prince George of Cambridge, Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha|Simeon of Bulgaria or James Ogilvy.

In modern times, the waters are 70% to 90% used for human purposes and the flow is greatly reduced. Because of this and the high evaporation rate of the Dead Sea, as well as industrial extraction of salts through evaporation ponds the sea is shrinking. All the shallow waters of the southern end of the sea have been drained in modern times and are now salt flats.

Small sections of the northernmost portion of the Lower Jordan, between the *Sea of Galilee* and the confluence with the Yarmouk River, have been kept pristine for baptisms. Most polluted is the 100 kilometre downstream stretch - a meandering stream from the confluence with the Yarmouk to the *Dead Sea*. Environmentalists say the practice has almost destroyed the river's ecosystem. Rescuing the river could take decades, according to environmentalists. In 2007, Friends of the Earth Middle East (FoEME) named the Jordan River as one of the world's 100 most endangered ecological sites, due in part to lack of cooperation between Israel and neighboring Arab states.  The same environmentalist organization said in a report that the Jordan River could dry up by 2011 unless the decay is stopped.  The flow rate of the Jordan River once was 1.3 billion cubic metres per year; as of 2010, just 20 to 30 million cubic metres per year flow into the Dead Sea. For comparison, the total amount of desalinated water produced by Israel by 2012 will be about 500 million cubic metres per year.
### Paraluliyo
Taluhu Dutula Yordan lowali sumber daya lotaluhu uparalu ode Israel wawu, ode lenggota molaminga'o lo'u mopa , ode Yordania. National Water Carrier, yilapato bilonguliyo to tawunu 1964 ,mopotolohu taluhu lonto deheto Galilea ode datahu  pesisir Israel. Yordania mololimo taluhu lonto Israel   sejak lojanjiya damai Israel-Yordania to tawun 1994 yilumuwala to pipa lonto deheto Galilea.

Binggila lo tolohu Dutula deuyito faktor sababu pateya wolomo huyi #Perselisihan air|pateya wolomo huyi to'u hemongusaha mopoheyi ngotilayadu patahu dutula  lokaraja sama wolo Lebanon wawu Yordania. Karaja mopoheyi boyito mongilangi osadiya lotaluhu ode kapali induk Israel sekitar 35%, wawu pasokan taluhu Israel mo'a'amilala sekitar 11%. to hulalo  April 1967, Israel melancarkan serangan udara ode Suriah mopoberendi karaja boti, wawu dulohula lapatiyoma'o Porang wolomo huyi debo lowali. Penggunaan taluhu dutula Yordan tilanggulaliyo odelo sababu porang ole Ariel Sharon, lobisala,  tawu-tawuwalo umumnya hemonganggapu 5 Juni 1967 lowali dulahu milulayiyaliyo porang wolomo huyi.uyito tanggal resmi ,dabo konyataanliyo milulayiyaliyo dulotawunu apingo to'udipo ,tuhataliyo todulahu Israil lomutusani mohama tindakan ode molalila dutula Yordan.


### Transport
Dalala da'a 90 (Israel)|Rute 90, ngotayadiyo tilanggulaliyo Rehavam Zeevi, mopowumbuto ujungi lo tilayo wawu Huliyaliyo  Israel wawu ngorata wolo dutula Yordan to duluhu otolopa.

## To delomo budaya populer
Dutula Yordan, terutama karena makna spiritualiyo kaya, lapato menginspirasi dadata lagu, himne, wawu cirita, lemaso lagu spiritual/folk tradisional Afrika-Amerika "Michael Row the Boat Ashore". Dutula botiye tilanggulaliyo todelomo lagu   "Eve of Destruction (lagu)|Eve of Destruction", "Will You Be There", dan "The Wayfaring Stranger (lagu)|The Wayfaring Stranger", serta dalam "Ol' Man River" lonto musikal "Show Boat". Lagu "The Far Side Banks Of Jordan" oleh Johnny Cash dan June Carter Cash delomo album studio talo'ohama Grammy Award, "Press On", lo'otanggula olo dutula  Yordan wolo  huta pilojanjiya.

## Galeri

File:Aerial jordan.jpg|imbihu tilayo lembah Jordan Rift bilohela monto hengo  (NASA; Februari 2005))
File:Jordan River.jpg|Dutula  Yordan (November 2005)
File:Yarden 0182.JPG|Dutula Yordan (November 2006)
File:Yarden 034PAN2.JPG|Dutla Yordan wawu Hulude "Kfar-Hanasi" (November 2006)
File:Jordan River in spring.jpg|Dutula  Yordan to musim semi (April 2007)
File:BnotYaakovBridge.JPG|Dutula  Yordan imbihu huliyaliyo lo hulude  "Bnot Ya'akov" ("Putri-putri Yakub") (Mei 2009)
File:Rob_Roy_Map_V_p.195_i.jpg|Peta sumber-sumber taluhu dutula Yordan. Januari 1869.


## Bilohi olo
* Jordan Rift Valley.
* Jordan River Crossing.
* Lembah Yordania|Lembah Yordan.
* Ed-Dikke synagogue.

## Referensi

## Pranala luar

* SMART - Multilateral project for sustainable water management in the lower Jordan Valley
* Inventory of Conflict and Environment (ICE), Jordan River Dispute 
* "Map of the River Jordan and Dead Sea: And the Route of the Party Under the Command of Lieutenant W.F. Lynch, United States Navy"  is a map from the mid-19th century of the River Jordan and Dead Sea
* "The Jordan River" in which John the Baptist baptized his cousin Jesus of Nazareth. (Yardenit.com)

Authority control
Kategori:Dutula to Israel|Yordan
Kategori:Dutula to Yordania|Yordan 
Kategori:Tambati to  Alkitab
Dalala : Geografi