Bharti vojnam ani mapam

thumbnail|Bidar Fort, Earthen Gunpowder MeasuresBharti vojnam ani mapam: voidik gronthant purvil'lea kallantlea vozon pod'dotichi kaim promannant mhaiti melltta. Vosixtth dhormosutrant vojnam him gorjechi vostu asun razan tancheant ochukoponn dourunk zai oxem vornnon asa. Monu, yagonevlky, vosuxtth, kouttily toxench apstomb dhormosutrant vojnam ani mapam hatunt fottingoponna kelear to guneav tharaun tatunt pramannikoronn dourop gorjechem sanglam. Monusmritint roti va tambddi gunz he biyecho, vojnacho mulbhut ekok mhunn ul'lekh asa. Gujechem sorasori vozon 1.75 ttreai gren va 113.4 migre. Thorta. Monsmriti ani yagonevlkyosmriti hatunt bhangor, rupem ani tambem hea dhondeant vapropant yelpi gunz ani tacher adarit vojnachem koxttok oxem: rupeakhatir (trosrennu = 1 likxa; 3 likxa = 1 razosrxop; 3 razosrxop = 1 gourosrxop; 6 gourosrxop = 1 you; 3 you = 1 krixnnol va roktika (gunz); 2 krixnnol va roktika = 1 max (uddid); 16 max = 1 dhoronn va puronn; 10 dhoronn = 1 xotman. Dhaneam, vokhdam, moladik khodde hanchim vojnam veglle pod'dotichim axil'lim. Bhangor ani tambea khatir 5 krixnnol va roktika = 1 max; 16 max = 1 korx, okx, tolok, va bhangor; 4 suvrnn = 1 pol va nixk ; 10 pol = 1 dhoronn (bhangrachem).

Mohem zo doddo hoddpepa hangachea utkhononant i.So. Adim tisrea xotmanant vaprant axil'lim vegvegolle torechim vojnam mell'lleyant. Promannoteche babtint sindhu somskritintolim vojnam ul'lekh korpasarokim asat. Him vojnam chortt, chuneafator, pott'ttitaxm', pattyecho fator, kelseddoni, dhovo subhaza hea sarkea vegvegllea prokarchea fatramposun toyar kel'lim axil'lim. Tanchea akarant tanchea vojnomuleam promann ani upegapromann forok axil'le. Mohem zo doddo hangachea utkhotonant mellil'lim vojnam 1,2,4,8, 16,32,64,160,200,320,640,1600,3200,6400,8000,128000 hea gunnot'torant asat. Hatuntolem soglleant vhodd vozon 10,770 gre. Chem asa. Hanga tagddeo mat chodd promannant mellunk nat.

thumbnail|Uzhakku (measuring tool).Purvil'li bharti-i vozon pod'dot don va char ankoddeanche pottin vaddpa lhan - vhodd vibhagancher adaril'li axil'li. Uprant i.So. Adim 1200 hea kallant ary ani hindu lokamvrovi 80 ani 100 hea sonkheancher adaril'leo vozon pod'doti aileo. Tamnni dhoऱnno (500 ttreai gren, 32.4 gre.) ani hon (6,750 ttreai gren;437.4 gre.) hancho vojnam mhunn bhartant prosar kelo. Teuporant i.So. Adim 600 chea kallant turanni lok ut'torekoddlean bhartant aile ani tamnni hona zagear 6,918 ttreai gren (447.9 gre.) vojnacho hon procharant haddlo. I.So. Adim 300 chea kallant grikamni ostont bhartant aettik vojnancho prosar kelo.

Kouttili-i orthoxastrantlea ekunnisavea odheayant vojnam ani mapam hanchea promannavixim mhaiti melltta. Tatunt vojnanchem koxttok oxem asa:10 max va 5 gunzo 1 maxok; 16 maxok = 1 suvrnn va korx;4 korx = 1 pol ; 88 gourosrxop = 1 chandichem maxok ; 16 rupeachem maxok va 20 xoiby danne (eke torechem kodd'dhany) = 1 dhoronn; 20 tonddul (tandllache danne)= 1 dhoronn (hireacho); 20 tula = 1 bhar; 10 dhoronn = 1 pol; 100 pol = 1 aimani 1/2,2,4,8,10,20,30,40,100 suvrnnanchim toxench dhornnanchim voddnam toyar korchim.

I.So. Adim 10 chea kallant ut'tor bhartant grikamni romon pounddoz hem vozon haddlem. I.So. Atthvea - dhavea xotmanant dokxinn bhartant raxttrokutt vonxachea kallant prochlit axil'lea vojnant kolom' (32.66 kigre.)hem vozon tomzaur ani dokxinn orkatt bhagant visavea xotmanant chalu axil'lem. Baravea xotmanant musloman ani potthann lokamni bhartant rot'tol (=7,000 ttreai gren;478 gre.) hem vozon procharant haddlem.

Sumar 2500 vorsam adim bhartant vapropant yeupi 'puronn' hem vozon nnouvea xotmanant ponzab ani ut'tor bhartantlea hindu razanche karkirdint vaprant ailem. 1191 to musloman razokrteamni hem vozon apnnailem. Hem vozon 'ttonk' hea namvakhal 1488 meren ani uprant vorah hea namvakhal kaim kall procharant axil'lem. Vedkallant areamni xotorktika hem 100 roti edea axil'lea nojmachi survat keli. Musloman razokrteamni hem vozon apnnailem. Pondravea xotmanant xerxah ani okbor hea razamni tollo, xer monn him vojnam vaprant haddlim. Vegvegllea sonkhyechea tambeachea nanneanchea vojnamvoilean xerachem vozon 30 dam', zohangirachea kallant 36 dam' zalear xohazohan hachea kallant 40 dam' axil'lem. Moratthexahint xer, monn him vojnanchi ekkam prochlit axil'lim. Punn tanchim muleam vegvegollekodden vegvegollim astali. Toxench tea kallant lambai mejpak hatachea koprasaun modlea bottachea tonkamerenochi lambai kyubik hem ontor ekok mhunn vaprotale. Verull hangachea lenneachea obheasauylean hea ekkachi lambai 18 inch (457.2 mimi.) asuye hea ekkak tea kallant host hea namvan vollkhotale. Hea hostacho lhan bhag mhollear angull ani eka hostachim 24 angllam mantale.

Brittix kallant bhartant ani mapant ekvakyota haddpakhatir 1867 laun yotn korpak lagle ani tepromann kendri-i ani pranti-i sthorancher odhinem' kele. Punn tanchi favo ti om'molobozaunni zaunk naxil'lean tton, xer, chhottak toxench tollo hea vojnank manyotai divpant aili. Vegvegllea vattharantlea xerantoli tolleanchi sonkhea vegvegolli axil'li. Dekhik : surtecho xer 37 tolleancho.(mumboicho 28 tolleancho ani bellgamvocho 20 tolleancho). Mumboi sorkaran 1932 to vozon mapant ek sutriponna haddpache nodren kel'lea odhinemapromann mumboi xer = 80 tolle, mumboi monn = 40 xer oxem nixrchit kelem. Techvangodda bhangor ani rupeakhatir 1 tollo = 180 gren, ek val = 1/40 tollo = 4.5 gren, 1 roti = 1/62 tollo him vojnam tharaupant ailim. Tebhair aeuhor do peaijh ani aepeathekoriz vojnam-i brittix pod'dotipromann vaprant axil'li.

thumbnail|Almora seer (measure)Bhartant 1956 to mettrik pod'dot gheupakhatir somsden odhinemak manyotai dili ani 1958 saun ho odhinem' chalik laglo. Hea odhinema promann mettrik vojnavangodda addlim vojnam-i kaim kall chalu urlim. Purai mrottrik pod'dot vaprant haddpakhatir dha vorsancho kall laglo. Dhaneanchi devann - gheunn vojnan ani drou podarthanchi mapan korchi oxem nixrchit zalem. Hea odhinemant mittor ani hanche ady nomune inttoronexonol byuro ef vetts ondd mejhrsokoddlean vikte gheun bhartantlea nexnol fijikol leborettorikodde obhirkxa ani dekhbhal hanche khatir divpavixim ani rajy sorkarakhatir raxttri-i mukhel mankankodde odhipromannit axil'le sonch toyar korpakhatir tortudi korpant aileo. He khatir inttoronexonol ergonaijhexon ef ligol mettrealoji hea antororaxttri-i songhttonecho 1956 to bharot vangddi zalo. Bharti-i manok somstha vojnam ani mapam hanchea vinirdexant yeupi oddchonnincher sol'lo divpi tomtrik somstha mhunn kary korta. Protyokx veuharant vapropachim vojnam, mapam polloun tancher xikke marpavixim ani tekhatir niyontrokaposun nirikxonnameren odhikari nempavixim odhinemant tortudi asat. Vojnam, mapam topasonnekhatir dakhol korpavixinche adex divp, tekhatir gorjechea thollar provex korop ani tim tabeant gheup adi odhikar nirikxokak asat. Vojnam, mapanchea ani upkoronnanchea utpadokank durusti korpeank ani vepareank sorkari porvano gheucho poddtta. Promann vojnam, mapam herancho vapor korpak bondi asa. Vepari adini toxench odhikareamni nemancho bhong kelear te xikxek patr thartat. Mettrik pod'dot hi doxman pod'dot asa. Mhollear ticheantoli sogllim lhan vhodd ekkam mulbhut ekkachea 10 chea va 10 chea purnn ghatachea (zoxe 100 = 102, 1000 = 103,1/100 = 10-2) pottin axil'lean gonnit kriteam korpak sopem zata ho he pod'doticho khaxelo faido asa. Heo potti mull ekkak kaim uposrg laun uktaupak yetat. Te uposrg oxe - mettrik pod'dotintole uposrg:

He pod'doticho dusro faido mhollear tim sogllea raxttramni many kel'li axil'lean ticheant ukti kel'lim raximuleam soglleant sohoz somzotat.He pod'doticho tisro faido mhollear ti susongot asa. Mhollear don (va chodd) raxinchea gunnakaran va bhagakaran mellpi novi ras apxich tichea favo tea mettrik ekkanchea svorupant melltta. Bhartant mettrik pod'doticho prosar khuboch unnea promannant zalo. 1976 to promannobhut vojnam ani mapam odhinm' somsdet som'mot korpant ailo. Tatunt 1956 uprantchea vigoneanik progticho vichar korun antororaxttri-i ekok pod'dotik pradheany divpant ailem. Tapman, dab ani gurutvi-i proveg hache porinnam' tapmanachea unneachodd bodlak lagun podarthanchi lambai kxetrofoll ani dhonfoll hatunt unno chodd forok poddtta. Mankachea tapmanaporos vegllea tapmanant tacho upeg kortona tacho prosronn gunnank divcho poddtta. Mankam toyar kortonam vaprant axil'lim promannit tapmanam gorjepromann vegvegollim astat. 00 se hem tapman zaitea vella promannit tapman mhunn vaprotat. Mettrik pod'dotintolem mittor hem manok ady manok toyar kortona va te pod'dotichim dusrim mankam toyar kortanam 200 se. Hem tapman vapril'lem asta. Atroraxttri-i vojnam ani mapam toyar kortonam 200 se. Hench tapman dhortat. Jen'na ghonta ani ghonfoll hachea mapnachea prosongar 40 se. ( udkache moht'tom' ghontechem tapman) hem tapman dhoril'lem asta.

Lambayechea mankacher vatauronni-i dabantlea forkacho kainch porinnam' zaina. Dabantolo forok ( pareachea unchayechea bhaxent) 80 mimi. Zal'lo aslear ady mittrant doxolkxanx mimi. Itlo sukxm' forok zal'lo mell'lla. Punn vostumananchi tulla kortona vatauronni-i dabantolo forok toxench tapmanantole ani ardrotetole forok hancho boroch porinnam' zata.

Vojnam ani mapam nixrchit korpachem kam' promannit vatauronni-i dab 760 mimi. (pareachi uchai, toxench pareachi zontai 13.5951 gre./sem'mi), tapman 00 se. Gurutvi-i provex 980. 665 sem'mi./ sekond oxa vegvegllea ottimpromann korpant yeta.

Promannit vojnachea nomuneachi tulla korpakhatir samke ochuk ani somvedonkxom' oxa sombhuza aspi danddi ani parddi suri dharecher lombti axil'lea tagddeamni korunk yeta. Oxa tagddeamni promannit kilogram' oxa vojnatlea 10-7 kigre. Otlo sukxm' forkoi mezunk melltta. Promannit vojnam jea mukhel promannit vojnaposun toyar keleant tanche tulle khatir voili tagddi chodd somvedonkxom' korun vozon korpache ochuk pod'doticho ovlomb korcho poddtta. Oxe toreche toyar kel'le tagdden nirvot ovsthent danddyeche vichlon prokaxokironnachea adaran mejpachi pod'dot vaprun ani vozon korpakhatir korpak lagpi soglleo kria tagddesaun boreach ontrauylean korun 1 doxkotteanx (109)forkoi mezunk melltta.

Promannit vojnacheo dhatu, akar, sofai adi babi eksarkeo asleo tori tatunt forok mell'lleat. Plettinom' va her dhatuposun favo ti zotnai gheun toyar kel'lea promannit vojnatoi bhaile votten soukayen rasainik ani prakritik bodol zatat.

Antororaxttri-i mulbhut 'kilogrem'' mankam toyar korpant ayil'lea vegvegllea raxttrantole kilogremoche nomune plettinom' (90%), iriddiyom'(10%) mixrodhatuche toyar kel'le axil'lean zaitim vorsam tatunt don kotteaxamporos chodd bodol zait asta. Vojnanchi muleam zoxim zoxim lhan astat tea tea promannant prixtthobhagachem kxetrofoll ani tatuntolem vostuman hanche gunnot'tor vaddot ravil'lean tacho tigpachem promann lhou vhou unnem zait rauta. Sadaronn mankakhatir 25% kromiym' ani 20% nikel axil'lem. Puraitoren esttenaitti ogonz tikhem ghott asta tem kollmena toxench tem uchch ochumboki-i asa. 80% nikel ani 20% kromiym' axil'lem ochumboki-i mixrodhatu hea kamant yoxsviponnan vapropant yeta. Bhartant sadaronn veuharant tagddevangodda vapropachim vojnam biddachim ani pitullochim (unnea molachem) kel'lim astat. Him vojnam niymit kallauporant xaski-i odhikarea koddlean topasun gheuchim poddttat.

## Sandarbh

वर्ग:Romi panam