Alpheus

***Alpheus*** é un xénero de crustáceos malacostráceos decápodos carideos, o tipo da familia dos alfeidos.

Como nas outras especies da familia, as pinzas son asimétricas, cunha delas máis desenvolvidas o que fai que, cando se pechan, producen un tipico estoupido.

Algunhas especies do xénero establecen relacións simbióticas con peixes da familia dos gobíidos.

## Taxonomía 
O xénero foi establecido en 1798 por J. C. Fabricius na súa obra *Entomologia Systematica emendata et aucta, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonimis locis observationibus descriptionibus. Hafniae, Tom. II. Supplementum Entomologiae Systematicae*, editada en Copenhaguen, describindo a especie *Alpheus avarus* Fabricius, 1798 como a "tipo" do xénero.
 
### Sinónimos 
Na bibliografía aparecen os seguintes xéneros, que son considerados como sinónimos de *Alpheus*: o que fai del un dos máis ricos en especies de camaróns, aínda que o SIIT reduce a 81 o número de especies recoñecidas.

* *Alpheus acutocarinatus* De Man, 1909
* *Alpheus acutofemoratus* Dana, 1852
* *Alpheus adamastor* Coutière, 1908
* *Alpheus aequus* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus agilis* Anker, Hurt & Knowlton, 2009
* *Alpheus agrogon* Ramos, 1997
* *Alpheus albatrossae* (Banner, 1953)
* *Alpheus alcyone* De Man, 1902
* *Alpheus alpheopsides* Coutière, 1905
* *Alpheus amblyonyx* Chace, 1972
* *Alpheus amirantei* Coutière, 1908
* *Alpheus anchistus* De Man, 1920
* *Alpheus angulosus* McClure, 2002
* *Alpheus angustilineatus* Nomura & Anker, 2005
* *Alpheus antepaenultimus* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus architectus* De Man, 1897
* *Alpheus arenensis* (Chace, 1937)
* *Alpheus arenicolus* Banner & Banner, 1983
* *Alpheus arethusa* De Man, 1909
* *Alpheus armatus* Rathbun, 1901
* *Alpheus armillatus* H. Milne-Edwards, 1837
* *Alpheus arnoa* Banner, 1957
* *Alpheus astrinx* Banner & Banner, 1982
* *Alpheus audouini*
* *Alpheus australiensis* Banner & Banner, 1982
* *Alpheus australosulcatus* Banner & Banner, 1982
* *Alpheus baccheti* Anker, 2010
* *Alpheus bahamensis* Rankin, 1898
* *Alpheus balaenodigitus* Banner & Banner, 1982
* *Alpheus bannerorum* Bruce, 1987e
* *Alpheus barbadensis* (Schmitt, 1924)
* *Alpheus barbatus* Coutière, 1897
* *Alpheus batesi* Banner & Banner, 1964
* *Alpheus beanii* Verrill, 1922
* *Alpheus belli* Coutière, 1898
* *Alpheus bellimanus* Lockington, 1877
* *Alpheus bellulus* Miya & Miyake, 1969
* *Alpheus bicostatus* De Man, 1908
* *Alpheus bidens* (Olivier, 1811)
* *Alpheus bisincisus* De Haan, 1849
* *Alpheus blachei* Crosnier & Forest, 1965
* *Alpheus bouvieri* A.Milne-Edwards, 1878
* *Alpheus brachymerus* (Banner, 1953)
* *Alpheus bradypus* Coutière, 1905
* *Alpheus brevicristatus* De Haan, 1844
* *Alpheus brevipes* Stimpson, 1860
* *Alpheus brevirostris* (Olivier, 1811)
* *Alpheus brucei* Banner & Banner, 1982
* *Alpheus bucephaloides* Nobili, 1905
* *Alpheus bucephalus* Coutière, 1905
* *Alpheus buchanorum* Banner & Banner, 1983
* *Alpheus bullatus* Barnard, 1955
* *Alpheus bunburius* Banner & Banner, 1982
* *Alpheus californiensis* Holmes, 1900
* *Alpheus canaliculatus* Banner & Banner, 1968
* *Alpheus candei* Guérin-Méneville, 1856
* *Alpheus chacei* Carvacho, 1979
* *Alpheus chamorro* Banner, 1956
* *Alpheus chilensis* Coutière *in* Lenz, 1902
* *Alpheus chiragricus* H. Milne-Edwards, 1837
* *Alpheus christofferseni* Anker, Hurt & Knowlton, 2007
* *Alpheus clamator* Lockington, 1877
* *Alpheus clypeatus* Coutière, 1905
* *Alpheus coetivensis* Coutière, 1908
* *Alpheus collumianus* Stimpson, 1860
* *Alpheus colombiensis* Wicksten, 1988
* *Alpheus compressus* Banner & Banner, 1981
* *Alpheus confusus* Carvacho, 1989
* *Alpheus coutierei* De Man, 1909
* *Alpheus crassimanus* Heller, 1865
* *Alpheus cremnus* Banner & Banner, 1982
* *Alpheus crinitus* Dana, 1852
* *Alpheus cristatus* Coutière, 1897
* *Alpheus cristulifrons* Rathbun, 1900
* *Alpheus crockeri* (Armstrong, 1941)
* *Alpheus cylindricus* Kingsley, 1878
* *Alpheus cythereus* Banner & Banner, 1966
* *Alpheus dasycheles* Coutière, 1908
* *Alpheus davaoensis* Chace, 1988
* *Alpheus dentipes* Guérin, 1832
* *Alpheus deuteropus* Hilgendorf, 1879
* *Alpheus diadema* Dana, 1852
* *Alpheus digitalis* De Haan, 1844
* *Alpheus dissodontonotus* Stebbing, 1915
* *Alpheus distinctus* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus distinguendus*
* *Alpheus djeddensis* Coutière, 1897
* *Alpheus djiboutensis* De Man, 1909
* *Alpheus dolerus* Banner, 1956
* *Alpheus edamensis* De Man, 1888
* *Alpheus edwardsii* (Audouin, 1826)
* *Alpheus ehlersii* De Man, 1909
* *Alpheus estuariensis* Christoffersen, 1984
* *Alpheus euchirus* Dana, 1852
* *Alpheus eulimene* De Man, 1909
* *Alpheus euphrosyne* De Man, 1897
* *Alpheus exilis* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus explorator* Boone, 1935
* *Alpheus facetus* De Man, 1908
* *Alpheus fagei* Crosnier & Forest, 1965
* *Alpheus fasciatus* Lockington, 1878
* *Alpheus fasqueli* Anker, 2001
* *Alpheus felgenhaueri* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus fenneri* Bruce, 1994
* *Alpheus firmus* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus floridanus* Kingsley, 1878
* *Alpheus foresti* Banner & Banner, 1981
* *Alpheus formosus* Gibbes, 1850
* *Alpheus frontalis* H.Milne-Edwards, 1837
* *Alpheus fujitai* Nomura & Anker, 2005
* *Alpheus funafutensis* Borradaile, 1899
* *Alpheus fushima* Nomura, 2009
* *Alpheus galapagensis* Sivertsen, 1933
* *Alpheus georgei* Banner & Banner, 1982
* *Alpheus glaber* (Olivi, 1792)
* *Alpheus gracilipes* Stimpson, 1860
* *Alpheus gracilis* Heller, 1861
* *Alpheus grahami* Abele, 1975
* *Alpheus haanii* Ortmann, A., 1890
* *Alpheus hailstonei* Coutière, 1905
* *Alpheus halesii* Kirk, 1887
* *Alpheus hebes* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus heeia* Banner & Banner, 1974
* *Alpheus heronicus* Banner & Banner, 1982
* *Alpheus heterocarpus* (Yu, 1935)
* *Alpheus heterochaelis* Say, 1818
* *Alpheus heurteli* Coutière, 1897
* *Alpheus hippothoe* De Man, 1888
* *Alpheus holthuisi* Ribeiro, 1964
* *Alpheus homochirus* (Yu, 1935)
* *Alpheus hoonsooi* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus hoplites* Nobili, 1906
* *Alpheus hoplocheles* Coutière, 1897
* *Alpheus hortensis* Wicksten & McClure, 2003
* *Alpheus hululensis* Coutière, 1905
* *Alpheus hutchingsae* Banner & Banner, 1982
* *Alpheus hyeyoungae* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus hyphalus* Chace, 1988
* *Alpheus idiocheles* Coutière, 1905
* *Alpheus immaculatus* Knowlton & Keller, 1983
* *Alpheus inca* Wicksten & G. Méndez, 1981
* *Alpheus inopinatus* Holthuis & Gottlieb, 1958
* *Alpheus intrinsecus* Bate, 1888
* *Alpheus japonicus* Miers, 1879
* *Alpheus javieri* Anker, Hurt & Knowlton, 2009
* *Alpheus kagoshimanus* Hayashi & Nagata, 2000
* *Alpheus kuroshimensis* Nomura & Anker, 2005
* *Alpheus labis* Banner & Banner, 1982
* *Alpheus lacertosus* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus ladronis* Banner, 1956
* *Alpheus lanceloti* Coutière, 1905
* *Alpheus lanceostylus* Banner, 1959
* *Alpheus latus* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus lepidus* De Man, 1908
* *Alpheus leptocheles* Banner & Banner, 1975
* *Alpheus leptochiroides* De Man, 1909
* *Alpheus leptochirus* Coutière, 1905
* *Alpheus leviusculus* Dana, 1852
* *Alpheus lobidens* De Haan, 1849
* *Alpheus longecarinatus* Hilgendorf, 1879
* *Alpheus longichaelis* Carvacho, 1979
* *Alpheus longiforceps* Hayashi & Nagata, 2002
* *Alpheus longinquus* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus lottini* Guérin-Méneville, 1829
* *Alpheus luciae* Barnar
* *Alpheus lutosus* Anker & De Grave, 2009
* *Alpheus macellarius* Chace, 1988
* *Alpheus macrocheles* (Hailstone, 1835)
* *Alpheus macrochirus* Richters
* *Alpheus macrodactylus*
* *Alpheus macroskeles* Alcock & Anderson, 1899
* *Alpheus maindroni* Coutière, 1898
* *Alpheus malabaricus* (Fabricius, 1775)
* *Alpheus malleator* Dana, 1852
* *Alpheus malleodigitus* (Bate, 1888)
* *Alpheus martini* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus mazatlanicus* Wicksten, 1983
* *Alpheus microrhynchus* De Man, 1897
* *Alpheus microscaphis* (Banner, 1959)
* *Alpheus microstylus* (Bate, 1888)
* *Alpheus miersi* Coutière, 1898
* *Alpheus migrans* Lewinsohn & Holthuis, 1978
* *Alpheus millsae* Anker, Hurt & Knowlton, 2007
* *Alpheus minikoensis* Coutière
* *Alpheus mitis* Dana, 1852
* *Alpheus moretensis* Banner & Banner, 1982
* *Alpheus naos* Anker, Hurt & Knowlton, 2007
* *Alpheus nipa* Banner & Banner, 1985
* *Alpheus nobili* Banner & Banner, 1966
* *Alpheus nonalter* Kensley, 1969
* *Alpheus normanni* Kingsley, 1878
* *Alpheus notabilis* Stebbing, 1915
* *Alpheus novaezealandiae* Miers, 1876
* *Alpheus nuttingi* (Schmitt, 1924)
* *Alpheus oahuensis* (Banner, 1953)
* *Alpheus obesomanus* Dana, 1852
* *Alpheus ovaliceps* Coutière, 1905
* *Alpheus pachychirus* Stimpson, 1860
* *Alpheus pacificus* Dana, 1852
* *Alpheus packardii* Kingsley, 1880
* *Alpheus paludicola* Kemp, 1915
* *Alpheus panamensis* Kingsley, 1878
* *Alpheus papillosus* Banner & Banner, 1982
* *Alpheus paracrinitus* Miers, 1881
* *Alpheus paradentipes* Coutière, 1905
* *Alpheus paraformosus* Anker, Hurt & Knowlton, 2008
* *Alpheus paragracilis* Coutière
* *Alpheus paralcyone* Coutière, 1905
* *Alpheus paralpheopsides* Coutière, 1905
* *Alpheus parasocialis* Banner & Banner, 1982
* *Alpheus pareuchirus* Coutière, 1905
* *Alpheus parvimaculatus* Nomura & Anker, 2005
* *Alpheus parvirostris* Dana, 1852
* *Alpheus parvus* De Man, 1909
* *Alpheus peasei* (Armstrong, 1940)
* *Alpheus percyi* Coutière, 1908
* *Alpheus perezi* Coutière, 1908
* *Alpheus perplexus* Banner, 1956
* *Alpheus philoctetes* De Man, 1909
* *Alpheus platydactylus* Coutière, 1897
* *Alpheus platyunguiculatus* (Banner, 1953)
* *Alpheus polystictus* Knowlton & Keller, 1985
* *Alpheus polyxo* De Man, 1909
* *Alpheus pontederiae* Rochebrune, 1883
* *Alpheus pouang* Christoffersen, 1979
* *Alpheus praedator* De Man, 1908
* *Alpheus proseuchirus* De Man, 1908
* *Alpheus pseudopugnax* (Banner, 1953)
* *Alpheus puapeba* Christoffersen, 1979
* *Alpheus pubescens* De Man, 1908
* *Alpheus pugnax* Dana, 1852
* *Alpheus purpurilenticularis* Karplus & Ben Tuvia, 1979 
* *Alpheus pustulosus* Banner & Banner, 1968
* *Alpheus quasirapacida* Chace, 1988
* *Alpheus randalli* Banner & Banner, 1980
* *Alpheus rapacida* De Man, 1908
* *Alpheus rapax* Fabricius, 1798
* *Alpheus rectus* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus ribeiroa* Anker & Dworschak, 2004
* *Alpheus richardsoni* Yaldwyn, 1971
* *Alpheus romensky* Burukovsky, 1990
* *Alpheus roquensis* Knowlton & Keller, 1985
* *Alpheus roseodigitalis* Nomura & Anker, 2005
* *Alpheus rostratus* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus ruber*
* *Alpheus rugimanus* A. Milne-Edwards, 1878
* *Alpheus samoa* Banner & Banner, 1966
* *Alpheus savuensis* De Man, 1908
* *Alpheus saxidomus* Holthuis, 1980
* *Alpheus schmitti* Chace, 1972
* *Alpheus scopulus* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus serenei* Tiwari, 1964
* *Alpheus sibogae* De Man, 1908
* *Alpheus simus* Guérin-Méneville, 1856
* *Alpheus sizou* Banner & Banner, 1967
* *Alpheus socialis* Heller, 1862
* *Alpheus soelae* Banner & Banner, 1986
* *Alpheus soror* Bruce, 1999
* *Alpheus spatulatus* Banner & Banner, 1968
* *Alpheus splendidus* Coutière, 1897
* *Alpheus spongiarum* Coutière, 1897
* *Alpheus stanleyi* Coutière, 1908
* *Alpheus stantoni* Banner & Banner, 1986
* *Alpheus staphylinus* Coutière, 1908
* *Alpheus stephensoni* Banner & Smalley, 1969
* *Alpheus strenuus* Dana, 1852
* *Alpheus styliceps* Coutière, 1905
* *Alpheus sublucanus* (Forsskål, 1775)
* *Alpheus sudara* Banner & Banner, 1966
* *Alpheus sulcatus* Kingsley, 1878
* *Alpheus suluensis* Chace, 1988
* *Alpheus supachai* Banner & Banner, 1966
* *Alpheus superciliaris* Coutière, 1905
* *Alpheus talismani* Coutière, 1898
* *Alpheus tasmanicus* Banner & Banner, 1982
* *Alpheus tenuicarpus* De Man, 1908
* *Alpheus tenuipes* De Man, 1910
* *Alpheus tenuis* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus thomasi* Hendrix & Gore, 1973
* *Alpheus tirmiziae* Kazmi, 1974
* *Alpheus tricolor* Anker, 2001
* *Alpheus triphopus* Nobili, 1906
* *Alpheus tuberculosus* Osorio, 1892
* *Alpheus tungii* Banner & Banner, 1966
* *Alpheus umbo* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus utriensis* Ramos & von Prahl, 1989
* *Alpheus vanderbilti* Boone, 1930
* *Alpheus villosus* (Olivier, 1811)
* *Alpheus villus* W. Kim & Abele, 1988
* *Alpheus viridari* (Armstrong, 1949)
* *Alpheus waltervadi* Kensley, 1969
* *Alpheus websteri* Kingsley, 1880
* *Alpheus wickstenae* Christoffersen & Ramos, 1987
* *Alpheus williamsi* Bruce, 1994
* *Alpheus xanthocarpus* Anker, Hurt & Knowlton, 2008
* *Alpheus xishaensis* R. Liu & Lan, 1980
* *Alpheus zimmermani* Anker, 2007
* *Alpheus zulfaquiri* Kazmi, 1982

## Notas 
## Véxase tamén 
### Bibliografía 
* Holthuis, L. B. (1993): *The recent genera of the Caridean and Stenopodidean shrimps (Crustacea, Decapoda): with an appendix on the order Amphionidacea*. Leiden: Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum. ISBN 90-73239-21-4. 
* Raabe, Charles & Linda Raabe (2008): "The Caridean shrimp: Shrimp Anatomy - Illustrations and Glossary".
* Tavares, Carolina & Joel W. Martin (2010): "Suborder Dendrobranchiata Bate, 1888", en F. R. Schram, J. C. von Vaupel Klein, J. Forest & M. Charmantier-Daures (eds.) *Treatise on Zoology – Anatomy, Taxonomy, Biology – The Crustacea*. Volume 9A *Eucarida: Euphausiacea, Amphionidacea, and Decapoda*. Brill Publishers. ISBN 978-90-04-16441-3. 
 
### Outros artigos 
* Crustáceos
* Decápodos
* Carideos
* Alfeidos

### Ligazóns externas 
* *Alpheus* en ADW.