John Edward Gray

**John Edward Gray**, nado en Walsall o 12 de febreiro de 1800 e finado en Londres o 7 de marzo de 1875, foi un importante naturalista, botánico, zoólogo e micólogo inglés.

## Traxectoria 
Era fillo de Samuel Frederick Gray (1766-1828), farmacólogo e botánico ben coñedo no seu tempo, e irmán máis vello do farmacéutico e zoólogo George Robert Gray. A súa familia trasladouse a Londres onde Gray estudou medicina. Axudou ao seu pai no traballo *The Natural Arrangement of British Plants* (1821), sentindo profundo interese poa botánica e a zooloxía.

Integrouse no departamento de Zooloxía do Museo Británico en 1824 para axudar a John George Children a catalogar a colección de réptiles. Foi director de Zooloxía do Museo desde 1840 até o Nadal de 1874.

Publicou varios catálogos das coleccións do museo que inclúen discusións sobre diversos grupos de animais, así como as descricións de novas especiess. Mellorou as coleccións zoolóxicas até situalas entre as mellores do mundo.

Gray tamén estaba interesado nos selos postais; o 1 de maio de 1840, o día en que os "Penny Black" saíron á venda, comprou algúns co obxecto de salvalos, facéndose así o primeiro filatélico coñecido. Tamén foi un dos primeiros en elaborar un catálogo filatélico con todas as emisións do mundo.

## Traballos 
* 1821. "A natural arrangement of Mollusca, according to their internal structure". *London Medical Repository* 15: 229–239.
* 1824. "A revision of the family Equidae". *Zool. J. Lond. 1: 241-248 pl. 9
* 1824. "On the natural arrangement of the pulmonobranchous Mollusca". *The Annals of Philosophy*, new series 8: 107–109.
* 1825. "An outline of an attempt at the disposition of the Mammalia into tribes and families with a list of the genera apparently appertaining to each tribe". *Ann. Philos*. (ns) 10: 337-344.
* 1825. "A list and description of some species of shells not taken notice of by Lamarck (continued)". *Annals of Philosophy* (2) 9: 407-415.
* 1830 - 1835. *Illustrations of Indian Zoology* (con Thomas Hardwicke)
* 1831. *The Zoological Miscellany. To Be Continued Occasionally.* Londres: Treuttel, Wurtz and Co.
* 1840. "Shells of molluscous animals". *Synopsis of the contents of the British Museum*, ed. 42: 105-152.
* 1840. "Shells of molluscous animals". *Synopsis of the contents of the British Museum'', ed. 42, 2ª impresión: 106-156.
* 1847. "A list of genera of Recent Mollusca, their synonyma and types"'. *Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London]], 15: 129-182.
* 1850. "Figures of molluscous animals selected from various authors". Gravados para uso dos estudantes, por J. E. Gray. Volume 4. Longman, Brown, Green & Longmans, Londres. iv + 219 pp.
* 1855 - 1870. *Catalog of Shield Reptiles* 
* 860. "On the arrangement of the land pulmoniferous Mollusca into families". *Annals and Magazine of Natural History*, serie 3, 6: 267-269.
* 1862. *A Hand Catalogue of Postage Stamps for the use of the Collector*. Londres: Robert Hardwicke. en liña
* 1862. "Notice of a new species of dolphin (Delphinus catalania), discovered in North Australia by Mr John Macgillivray*. *Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.* 1862: 143-145.
* 1863. "Description of some new species of mammalia". *Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond*. 1862: 261-263 pls. 33-35.
* 1864. *Handbook of British Water-Weeds or Algae.* Londres: R. Hardwicke.
* 1864. "On the Cetacea which have been observed in the seas surrounding the British Islands". *Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond*. 1864: 195-248.
* 1865. "Notes on the whales of the Cape". *Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond*. 1865: 357-359.
* 1865. "Notice of a new species of Australian Sperm Whale (Catodon krefftii) in the Sydney Museum". *Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond*. 1865: 439-442.
* 1866. *Catalogue of Seals and Whales in the British Museum.* Londres: British Museum.
* 1866. "A revision of the genera of pteropine bats (Pteropidae), and the descriptions of some apparently undescribed species". *Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond*. 1866: 62-67.
* 1866. "A revision of the genera of Rhinolophidae, or horseshoe bats". *Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond*. 1866: 81-83.
* 1866. "Notes on the skulls of dolphins, or bottlenose whales, in the British Museum". *Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond*. 1866: 211-216.
* 1866. "Notes on the skulls of sea-bears and sea-lions (Otariadae) in the British Museum". *Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.* (3) 18: 228-237
* 1866. "Notes on some Mammalia from Port Albany (Cape York Peninsula), North Australia, with the descriptions of some new species". *Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond*. 1866: 219-221.
* 1867. "Lithothrix, a new genus of Coralline". *The Journal of Botany, British and Foreign* 5: 33. 
* 1867. "Notes on the variegated or yellow-tailed rats of Australasia" *Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.* 1867: 597-600.
* 1869*. "Additional notes on Sea-Bears (Otariadae)". *Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.* (4) 4: 264-270,
* 1870*. "Observations on the Whales described in the 'Ostéographie' &c." *Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.* (4) 6: 154-157.
* 1870. "Notes on the skulls of the genus Orca in the British Museum, and notice of a specimen of the genus from the Seychelles: O. capensis". *Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.* 1870: 70-77.
* 1871. *Supplement to the Catalogue of Seals and Whales in the British Museum.* Londres: British Museum.
* 1871. "Notes on the Berardius of New Zealand". *Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.* (4) 8: 115-117.
* 1871. "On Euchelymys a new genus and two new species of Australian freshwater tortoises". *Annals and Magazine of Natural History.* (4) 8: 117-118.
* 1872. "On the genus Chelymys and its allies from Australia". *Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London*. 1872: 504-514.
* 1872. "Notice of a new Netted Sponge (Meyerella) from the Philippines". *Annals and Magazine of Natural History* (4) 10: 76.
* 1872. "On the Sea-Bear of New Zealand (Arctocephalus cinereus) and the North-Australian Sea-Bear (Gypsophoca tropicalis). *Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.* 1872: 653-662.
* 1873. "Remarks on some of the species in the foregoing paper [Hector, 1873]". *Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.* (4) 11: 107-112.
* 1873. "Notice of the skeleton of the New Zealand Right Whale (Macleayius australiensis) and other whales, and other New Zealand marine Mammalia". *Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.* 1873: 129-145.
* 1874. "Description of the skull of a new species of dolphin (Feresa attenuata)". *Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.* (4) 4: 238-239.
* 1874. *Hand-list of Seals, Morses, Sea-lions, and Sea-bears in the British Museum*. Londres: British Museum.
* 1875. "Feresa attenuata, sp. n". *J. Mus. Godeffroy* 8: sen detalles.
* 1875. "Miscellanea" in Richardson, J. & Gray, J. E. (1844-1875) (eds.) *The Zoology of the Voyage of H.M.S. Erebus & Terror, under the Command of Captain Sir James Clark Ross, R.N., F.R.S., during the years 1839 to 1843. Mammalia, Birds*. Londres: E. W. Janson. Vol. 1.

## Honras 
A garceta india, *Ardeola grayii* foi así denominada na súa honra.

## Abreviatura 
A abreviatura **J.E.Gray** emprégase para indicar a **John Edward Gray** como autoridade na descrición e na taxonomía en botánica, e en zooloxía, a abreviatura **J.Gray** ou, simplemente, **Gray**.

## Véxase tamén 
### Bibliografía 
* Mearns, Barbara & Mearns, Richard (1998): *Biographies for Birdwatchers: The Lives of Those Commemorated in Western Palearctic Bird Names*. Londres e San Diego: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-487422-3.

### Ligazóns externas 
* John Edward Gray, the Indian Pond Heron and Walsall (RSPB. Walsall Local Group).
* Obras de J. E. Gray en Internet Archive.
* Obras de Gray dixitalizadas pola SCD da Universidde Louis Pasteur de Estrasburgo.