Lymantria

***Lymantria*** é un xénero de insectos lepidópteros da familia dos erébidos (antes, da dos  limantríidos), que é o tipo da subfamilia dos limantriinos e da tribo dos Lymantriini.

A súa especie tipo é *Lymantria monacha* (Linnaeus, 1758).

As súas especies están amplamente distribuídas por Europa, o Xapón, a India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Xava e as Célebes.

## Características 
As especies deste xénero presentan dimorfismo sexual. Nos machos, os palpos están estendidos cara a adiante e cubertos de pilosidade. As antenas son longas. Nas femias, as antenas son dentadas, e as ás poden estar completamente desenvolvidas ou parcialmente reducidas, ou mesmo reducidas a simples escamas.

## Taxonomía 
### Descrición 
O xénero foi descrito en 1819 polo entomólogo alemán Jacob Hübner, nun traballo publicado en *Verz. bekannter Schmett*. **9** (11): 160. 

### Etimoloxía 
O nome científico *Lymantria* é unha voz do latín científico tirada da raíz do termo do grego antigo λυμαντἠς *lymantḗs*, "que estraga ou desfai", "destrutor", en alusión aos estragos que moitas especies deste xénero causan nas árbores, coa adición do sufixo latino -*ia*, indicando xénero feminino.

### Sinónimos 
Ademais de polo nome actualmente válido, o xénero coñeceuse tamén polos sinónimos:

**Lymantria aboleta* Staudinger, 1896
**Lymantria akemii* Schintlmeister, 189?
**Lymantria albescens* Matsumura, 1927
**Lymantria albimacula* Wallengren, 1863
**Lymantria albolunulata* Moore, 1879
**Lymantria alexandrae* Schintlmeister, 1994
**Lymantria ampla* Walker, 1855
**Lymantria antennata* Walker, 1855
**Lymantria antica* Walker, 1856
**Lymantria aomoriensis* Matsumura, 1921
**Lymantria apicebrunnea* Gaede, 1932
**Lymantria arete* Fawcett, 1915
**Lymantria argyrochroa* Collenette, 1935
**Lymantria arrheta* Collenette, 1959
**Lymantria aryama* Moore, 1859
**Lymantria ascetria* Hübner, 1821
**Lymantria asiatica* Vunkovskij, 1926
**Lymantria atala* C. Swinhoe, 1923
**Lymantria atemeles* Collenette, 1932
**Lymantria atlantica* Rambur, 1842
**Lymantria atra* Linstow., 1907
**Lymantria aurora* Butler, 1877
**Lymantria bantaizana* Matsumura, 1933
**Lymantria barica* Mabille, 1878
**Lymantria barisana* Collenette, 1933
**Lymantria barlowi* Schintlmeister, 1994
**Lymantria beatrix* Stoll, 1790
**Lymantria bhascara* Moore, 1859
**Lymantria binotata* Mabille, 1880
**Lymantria bisextilis* Toxopeus, 1948
**Lymantria bivittata* Moore, 1879
**Lymantria brotea* Stoll, 1780
**Lymantria brunneata* Kenrick, 1914
**Lymantria brunneiplaga* C. Swinhoe, 1903
**Lymantria brunneoloma* Pogue & Schaeffer, 2007
**Lymantria buruensis* Collenette, 1933
**Lymantria caliginosa* Collenette, 1933
**Lymantria canariensis* Kenrick, 1914
**Lymantria capnodes* Collenette, 1932
**Lymantria carnecolor* Moore, 1888
**Lymantria carneola* Moore, 1879
**Lymantria castanea* Kenrick, 1914
**Lymantria castaneostriata* Kenrick, 1914
**Lymantria ceballosi* Agenjo, 1959
**Lymantria celebesa* Collenette, 1947
**Lymantria chosenibia* Bryk, 1949
**Lymantria chroma* Collenette, 1947
**Lymantria concolor* Walker, 1855
**Lymantria conspersa* Hering, 1927
**Lymantria costalis* Walker, 1865
**Lymantria cryptocloea* Collenette, 1932
**Lymantria curvifera* Walker, 1866
**Lymantria daraba* Wiltshire, 1952
**Lymantria demotes* Collenette,
**Lymantria destituta* Staudinger, 1891
**Lymantria detersa* Walker, 1865
**Lymantria dictyodigma* Collenette, 1930
**Lymantria didymata* Kenrick, 1914
**Lymantria diehli* Schintlmeister, 198?
**Lymantria dispar* Linnaeus, 1758 
**Lymantria disparina* Hering, 1926
**Lymantria dissoluta* C. Swinhoe, 1903
**Lymantria diversa* Turner, 1936
**Lymantria doreyensis* Collenette, 1933
**Lymantria dubia* Kenrick, 1914
**Lymantria dubiosa* Aurivillius, 1894
**Lymantria dulcinea* Butler, 1882
**Lymantria ekeikei* Bethune-Baker, 1904
**Lymantria elassa* Collenette, 1938
**Lymantria epelytes* Collenette, 1936
**Lymantria eremita* Ochsenheimer, 1810
**Lymantria faircloughi* Holloway, 1999
**Lymantria finitorum* Collenette, 1931
**Lymantria flavicilia* Hampson, 1910
**Lymantria flavoneura* Joicey, 1916
**Lymantria formosana* Matsumura, 1911
**Lymantria fuliginea* Butler, 1880
**Lymantria fuliginosa* Moore, 1883
**Lymantria fumida* Butler, 1877
**Lymantria fumosa* Saalmüller, 1884
**Lymantria fusca* Leech, 1888
**Lymantria galinaria* C. Swinhoe, 1903
**Lymantria ganaha* C. Swinhoe, 1903
**Lymantria ganara* Moore, 1859
**Lymantria ganaroides* Strand, 1917
**Lymantria grandis* Walker, 1855
**Lymantria grisea* Moore, 1879
**Lymantria griseipennis* Kozhanchikov, 1950
**Lymantria griseostriata* Kenrick, 1914
**Lymantria grisescens* Staudinger, 1887
**Lymantria hadina* Butler, 1881
**Lymantria harimuda* Roepke, 1937
**Lymantria hemipyra* Collenette, 1932
**Lymantria hilaris* Voll., 1863
**Lymantria hollowayi* Schintlmeister, 198?
**Lymantria horishana* Matsumura, 1931
**Lymantria horishanella* Matsumura, 1927
**Lymantria hypobolimaea* Collenette, 1959
**Lymantria ichorina* Butler, 1884
**Lymantria idea* Bryk, 1949
**Lymantria incerta* Walker, 1855
**Lymantria infuscata* Okano, 1959
**Lymantria inordinata* Walker, 1865
**Lymantria iris* Strand, 1910
**Lymantria japonica* Motschulsky, 1860
**Lymantria joannisi* Le Cerf, 1921
**Lymantria kanara* Collenette, 1951
**Lymantria kebeae* Bethune-Baker, 1904
**Lymantria kettlewelli* Collenette, 1953
**Lymantria kinta* Collenette, 1932
**Lymantria kobesi* Schintlmeister, 1994
**Lymantria kolthoffi* Bryk, 1949
**Lymantria komarovi* Christoph, 1882
**Lymantria koreibia* Bryk, 1949
**Lymantria kosemponis* Strand, 1914
**Lymantria kruegeri* Turati, 1912
**Lymantria lacteipennis* Collenette, 1933
**Lymantria lamda* Collenette, 1936
**Lymantria lapidicola* Herrich-Schäffer, 1852
**Lymantria lateralis* Bryk, 1949
**Lymantria lepcha* Moore, 1879
**Lymantria leucerythra* Collenette, 1930
**Lymantria leucophaes* Collenette, 1936
**Lymantria libella* C. Swinhoe, 1904
**Lymantria loacana* Semper, 1898
**Lymantria lucescens* Butler, 1881
**Lymantria lunata* Stoll, 1781
**Lymantria lutea* Boisduval, 1847
**Lymantria lutescens* Aurivillius, 1920
**Lymantria lygaea* Bethune-Baker, 1908
**Lymantria maculata* Semper, 1898
**Lymantria maculosa* Walker, 1855
**Lymantria malgassica* Kenrick, 1914
**Lymantria marginalis* Walker, 1862
**Lymantria marginata* Walker, 1855
**Lymantria marwitzi* Grumb., 1907
**Lymantria mathura* Moore, 1865
**Lymantria matuta* Bryk, 1949
**Lymantria maura* Oberthür, 1916
**Lymantria melanopogon* Strand, 1914
**Lymantria metarhoda* Walker, 1862
**Lymantria metella* Fawcett, 1915
**Lymantria micans* Felder, 1874
**Lymantria microcyma* Collenette, 1937
**Lymantria microstrigata* Holloway, 1999
**Lymantria minahassa* Collenette, 1932
**Lymantria miniata* Grunb., 1907
**Lymantria minomonis* Matsumura, 1933
**Lymantria minora* van Eecke, 1828
**Lymantria mjobergi* Aurivillius, 1920
**Lymantria modesta* Walker, 1855
**Lymantria moesta* C. Swinhoe, 1903
**Lymantria monacha* Linnaeus, 1758
**Lymantria monoides* Collenette, 1932
**Lymantria mosera* H. Druce, 1898
**Lymantria mus* Oberthür, 1916
**Lymantria narindra* Moore, 1859
**Lymantria nebulosa* Wileman, 1910
**Lymantria neirai* Agenjo, 1959
**Lymantria nephrographa* Turner, 1915
**Lymantria nesiobia* Bryk, 1942
**Lymantria nigra* Freyer, 1833
**Lymantria nigra* Moore, 1888
**Lymantria nigricosta* Matsumura, 1921
**Lymantria ninayi* Bethune-Baker, 1910
**Lymantria nobunaga* Nagano, 1909
**Lymantria novaguinensis* Bethune-Baker, 1904
**Lymantria nudala* Strand, 1915
**Lymantria oberthuri* D. Lucas, 1906
**Lymantria obfuscata* Walker, 1865
**Lymantria obsoleta* Walker, 1855
**Lymantria oinoa* Collenette, 1956
**Lymantria orestera* Collenette, 1932
**Lymantria ornata* Oberthür, 1923
**Lymantria ossea* Toxopeus, 1948
**Lymantria pagon* Holloway, 1999
**Lymantria panthera* van Eecke, 1928
**Lymantria pelospila* Turner, 1915
**Lymantria pendleburyi* Collenette, 1932
**Lymantria phaeosericea* Mabille, 1884
**Lymantria plumbalis* Hampson, 1895
**Lymantria polioptera* Collenette, 1934
**Lymantria polycyma* Collenette, 1936
**Lymantria polysticta* Collenette, 1929
**Lymantria postalba* Inoue, 1956
**Lymantria postfusca* C. Swinhoe, 1906
**Lymantria praetermissa* Collenette, 1933
**Lymantria pramesta* Moore, 1859
**Lymantria pruinosa* Butler, 1879
**Lymantria pruinosa* Hering, 1927
**Lymantria pulverea* Pogue & Schaeffer, 2007
**Lymantria pusilla* Felder, 1874
**Lymantria rhabdota* Collenette, 1949
**Lymantria rhodina* Walker, 1865
**Lymantria rhodopepla* Felder, 1874
**Lymantria rosea* Butler, 1879
**Lymantria roseicoxa* Kenrick, 1914
**Lymantria roseola* Matsumura, 1931
**Lymantria rosina* Pagenstecher, 1900
**Lymantria rubroviridis* Hering, 1917
**Lymantria rufofusca* Mabille, 1899
**Lymantria rufotincta* Kenrick, 1914
**Lymantria russula* Collenette, 1933
**Lymantria rusticana* Hering, 1927
**Lymantria sakaguchii* Matsumura, 1927
**Lymantria semicincta* Walker, 1855
**Lymantria serva* Fabricius, 1793
**Lymantria servula* Collenette, 1935
**Lymantria sinica* Moore, 1879
**Lymantria subfusca* Schulz., 1910
**Lymantria subpallida* Okano, 1959
**Lymantria subrosea* Walker, 1855
**Lymantria sugii* Kishida, 1986
**Lymantria superans* Walker, 1855
**Lymantria takasagonis* Matsumura, 1933
**Lymantria todara* Moore, 1879
**Lymantria tsushimensis* Inoue, 1956
**Lymantria umbrifera* Wileman, 1910
**Lymantria umbrina* Moore, 1879
**Lymantria umbrosa* Butler, 1881
**Lymantria uxor* Saalmüller, 1884
**Lymantria variegata* Kenrick, 1914
**Lymantria vinacea* Moore, 1879
**Lymantria xylina* C. Swinhoe, 1903
**Lymantria yunnanensis* Collenette, 1933

## Galería 

Lymantria dispar MHNT.CUT.2012.0.357 Claix (Isère) Female.jpg|*Lymantria dispar*
Lymantria monacha MHNT.CUT.2012.0.357 col de Crocheto Corse-du-Sud Female.jpg|*Lymantria monacha*

Lymantria ampla 77005130.jpg|*Lymantria ampla*
Lymantria brunneiplaga (Lymantriidae).jpg|*Lymantria brunneiplaga*
Lymantria concolor (Walker,1855) Noctuoidea Erebidae Lymantriinae (24526492406).jpg|*Lymantria concolor*
Lymantria mathura subpallida (35693222135).jpg|*Lymantria mathura*
Lymantria nephrographa. Lymantriidae. Noctuoidae (16195683609).jpg|*Lymantria nephrographa*
Lymantria sinica (33976162410).jpg|*Lymantria sinica*

## Notas 
## Véxase tamén 
### Bibliografía 
* Collenette, C. L. (1932): "New African and Indo-Australian Lymantriidae". *Novitates zoologicae* **37** (2): 159–180. 
* Collenette, C. L. (1932): "The Lymantriidae of the Malay Peninsula". *Novitates Zoologicae* **38**: 49–102.
* Lafontaine, J. D. & Schmidt, B. C. (2010): "Annotated check list of the Noctuoidea (Insecta, Lepidoptera) of North America north of Mexico". *Zookeys* **40**: 1–239. 
* Schintlmeister, A. (2004): "The Taxonomy of the genus *Lymantria* Hübner [1819] (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)". *Quadrifina* **7**: 1–248. (Texto completo).
* Wang, H., Wahlberg, N., Holloway, J. D., Bergsten, J., Fan, X., Janzen, D. H., Hallwachs, W., Wen, L., Wang, M. & Nylin, S. (2015): "Molecular phylogeny of Lymantriinae (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea, Erebidae) inferred from eight gene regions". *Cladistics* **31** (6): 579–592.
### Outros artigos 
* Lepidópteros
* Noctuoideos
* Erébidos

### Ligazóns externas 
* *Lymamtria* na ADW.
* *Lymamtria* na EOL.
* *Lymantria* Hübner, 1819 en BioLibcz.