Lingua choctaw

A **lingua choctaw** é unha lingua da familia muskogee tradicionalmente falada polo pobo nativo americano choctaw, do sueste dos Estados Unidos. Malia que o chickasaw é clasificado coma un dialecto do choctaw, un estudo máis exhaustivo do chickasaw demostrou que son linguas diferentes pero estreitamente relacionadas. O choctaw está clasificado como "vulnerable" polo Libro Vermello das Linguas Ameazadas da UNESCO.

## Ortografía 
A escrita da lingua choctaw está baseada na versión inglesa do alfabeto latino e foi desenvolvido polo programa de civilización dos Estados Unidos a comezos do século XIX. Malia existir outras variación do alfabeto choctaw, as tres formas máis comúns son o de Byington (Orixinal), Byington/Swanton (Lingüístico), e o Moderno (Mississippi Choctaw).

### Byington (Orixinal) 
570px|miniatura|centro|Alfabeto choctaw atopado en Chahta Holisso Ai Isht Ia Vmmona, anos 1800.

### Byington/Swanton (Lingüístico) 
[570px|miniatura|centro|Alfabeto lingüístico choctaw atopado no *Choctaw Language Dictionary* de Cyrus Byington, editado por [John Swanton, 1909.]]

### Moderno (Mississippi Choctaw) 
570px|miniatura|centro|Alfabeto moderno usado na actualidade.

## Notas 
## Véxase tamén 
### Outros artigos 
* Wikipedia en choctaw
* Locutores de claves choctaw
### Bibliografía 
* Broadwell, George Aaron. (2006). *A Choctaw reference grammar*. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
* Broadwell, George Aaron. (1991).  "Speaker and self in Choctaw". *International Journal of American Linguistics*, *57*, 411-425.
* Byington, Cyrus. (1915). *A dictionary of the Choctaw language*. J. R. Swanton & H. S. Halbert (Eds.). Bureau of American Ethnology bulletin 46. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. (Reprinted 1973 & 1978).
* Davies, William. (1986). *Choctaw verb agreement and universal grammar." Reidel.
* Downing, Todd. (1974). *Chahta anompa: An introduction to the Choctaw language* (3rd ed.). Durant, OK: Choctaw Bilingual Education Program, Southeastern Oklahoma State University.
* Haag, Marcia e Willis, Henry.  (2001). *Choctaw Language & Culture: Chahta Anumpa*, University of Oklahoma Press.
* Haag, Marcia e Fowler, Loretta.  (2001). *Chahta Anumpa: A Choctaw Tutorial CD-ROM*, University of Oklahoma Press.
* Heath, Jeffrey. (1977). Choctaw cases. *Proceedings of the Berkeley Linguistic Society*, *3*, 204-213.
* Heath, Jeffrey. (1980). Choctaw suppletive verbs and derivational morphology.
* Howard, Gregg; Eby, Richard; Jones, Charles G. (1991). *Introduction to Choctaw: A primer for learning to speak, read and write the Choctaw language*. Fayetteville, AR: VIP Pub.
* Jacob, Betty. (1980). Choctaw and Chickasaw. Abstract of paper delivered at the 1978 Muskogean conference. *International Journal of American Linguistics*, *46*, 43.
* Jacob, Betty; Nicklas, Thurston Dale; & Spencer, Betty Lou. (1977). *Introduction to Choctaw*. Durant, OK: Choctaw Bilingual Education Program, Southeastern Oklahoma State University.
* Mithun, Marianne. (1999). *The languages of Native North America*. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23228-7 (hbk); ISBN 0-521-29875-X.
* Munro, Pamela. (1987). Some morphological differences between Chickasaw and Choctaw. In P. Munro (Ed.), *Muskogean linguistics* (pp.&nbsp;119–133). Los Angeles: University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Linguistics.
* Munro, Pamela (Ed.). (1987). *Muskogean linguistics*. UCLA occasional papers in linguistics (No. 6). Los Angeles: University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Linguistics.
* Nicklas, Thurston Dale. (1974). The elements of Choctaw. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor).
* Nicklas, Thurston Dale. (1975). Choctaw morphophonemics. In J. Crawford (Ed.), *Studies in southeastern Indian languages* (pp.&nbsp;237–249). Athens: University of Georgia.
* Nicklas, Thurston Dale. (1979). *Reference grammar of the Choctaw language*. Durant, OK: Choctaw Bilingual Education Program, Southeastern Oklahoma State University.
* Pulte, William. (1975). The position of Chickasaw in Western Muskogean. In J. Crawford (Ed.), *Studies in southeastern Indian languages* (pp.&nbsp;251–263). Athens: University of Georgia.
* Ulrich, Charles H. (1986). Choctaw morphophonology. (Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles).
* Ulrich, Charles H. (1987). Choctaw g-grades and y-grades. En P. Munro (Ed.), *Muskogean linguistics* (pp.&nbsp;171–178). Los Angeles: University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Linguistics.
* Ulrich, Charles H. (1987). Choctaw verb grades and the nature of syllabification. In A. Bosch, B. Need, & E. Schiller (Eds.), *Papers from the 23rd annual regional meeting*. Chicago: Chicago Linguistic Society.
* Ulrich, Charles H. (1988). The morphophonology of Choctaw verb roots and valence suffixes. En W. Shipley (Ed.), *In honor of Mary Haas: From the Haas Festival conference on Native American linguistics'' (pp.&nbsp;805–818). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. ISBN

### Ligazóns externas 
*Gramática da lingua choctaw
*English and Choctaw Definer
*Dicionario Inglés-Choctaw
*Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians
*Nación Choctaw de Oklahoma
*Choctaw