Carl van Vechten

**Carl Van Vechten** (Cedar Rapids (Iowa), 17 juny 1880 – New York City, 21 desimber 1964) wie in Amerikaansk skriuwer en fotograaf. Van Vechten wie patroan fan de *[[Harlem Renaissance]]* en besoarger fan de literêre neilittenskip fan Gertrude Stein, dy’t er yn 1913 yn Parys moete.

## Biografy
Van Vechten wie klear mei de Washington High School yn syn berteplak yn 1898 en gie dêrnei nei de  Universiteit fan  Chicago in 1903. Yn 1906 ferfarde er nei New York Cityen waard assistint-muzykkritikus by de *[[New York Times]]*. Hy hie in soad niget oan opera en yn 1907 krige er ferlof fan de krante om him yn Europa te ferdjipjen yn opera. Yn Ingelân troude er mei Anna Snyder, in âlde freondinne fan him út Cedar Rapids. Yn 1909 nimt er syn wurk by de *New York Times* en wurdt de earste Amerikaanske kritikus fan moderne dûns. Yn dy tiid treden Isadora Duncan, Anna Pavlova en Loie Fuller op yn New York City. It houlik mei Anna Snyder einige yn in skieding yn 1912 en yn 1914 boasket er dan oan de aktrise Fania Marinoff.

SVan Vechten skriuwt in protte essees  oer in ferskaat oan ûnderwerpen, sa as muzyk en literatuer, dy't tusken 1915 en 1920 yn boekfoarm útbrocht wurde. Tusken 1922 en 1930 ferskine der by Knopf sân romans fan Van Vechten, as earste *Peter Whiffle: His Life and Works* en as lêste *Parties.*

Van Vechten hie niget oan swarte skriuwers en keunstners en hie kunde oan de meast wichtige figueren fan de *[[Harlem Renaissance]]* dy't er ek oanrikkemandearre: ûnder oaren Langston Hughes, Richard Wright en Wallace Thurman hearden ta dy rûnte. Van Vechten's kontroversjele roman *Nigger Heaven* waard yn 1926 publisearre. It essee "Negro Blues Singers" waard publisearre yn it blêd *[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]* yn 1926.

Yn de jierren 30 begjint Van Vechten potretfoto's te meitsjen. Under de lju dy't er fotografearre wienen Judith Anderson, James Baldwin, Tallulah Bankhead, Barbara Bel Geddes, Jane Bowles, Marlon Brando, Paul Cadmus, Erskine Caldwell, Truman Capote, Marc Chagall,  Salvador Dalí, Ruby Dee, Ella Fitzgerald, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Lynn Fontanne,  John Hersey, Billie Holiday, Horst P. Horst, Mahalia Jackson, Frida Kahlo, Sidney Lumet, Alfred Lunt, Norman Mailer, Alicia Markova, W. Somerset Maugham, Henry Miller, Georgia O'Keeffe, Sir Laurence Olivier, Leontyne Price, Diego Rivera, Cesar Romero, George Schuyler, Beverly Sills, Gertrude Stein, James Stewart, Alfred Stieglitz, Bessie Smith, Prentiss Taylor, Gore Vidal, Evelyn Waugh, Orson Welles en Anna May Wong.

Van Vechten moete Gertrude Stein foar it earst yn Parys yn 1913. Sy korrespondearje salang at Stein libbet, en doe't hja stjerre soe wiisde se Van Vechten oan om har literêre neilittenskip te behearen; hy holp mei oan de publikaasje fan Stein har noch net útbrochte wurk.

Nei de 30er jierren kaam Van Vechten net folle literêr wurk út hannen, mar wol hie er in briefwikseling mei in protte minsken.

Hoewol't Van Vechten mei Fania Marinoff troud west hat oant de ein fan syn libben ta, wie er homoseksueel en oars biseksueel. In part fan syn wurk bleau fersegele oant 25 jier nei syn dea. Nei dat skoft die bliken dat dêr knipselboeken en foto-albums ûnder wiene dy't mei homoseksualiteit te krijen hiene.

Van Vechten stoar yn de âldens fan 84 jier yn New York City. Yn 1968 ferskynde in biografy troch Bruce Kellner, *Carl Van Vechten and the Irreverent Decades.*

## Kar-út wurk
### Boeken
* *Music After the Great War* (1915)
* *Music and Bad Manners* (1916)
* *Interpreters and Interpretations* (1917)
* *The Merry-Go-Round* (1918)
* *The Music of Spain* (1918)
* *In the Garret* (1919)
* *The Tiger in the House* (1920)
* *Lords of the Housetops* (1921)
* *Peter Whiffle* (1922)
* *The Blind Bow-Boy* (1923)
* *The Tattooed Countess* (1924)
* *Red* (1925)
* *Firecrackers* (1925)
* *Excavations* (1926)
* *Nigger Heaven* (1926)
* *Spider Boy* (1928)
* *Parties* (1930)
* *Feathers* (1930)
* *Sacred and Profane Memories* (1932)
### Fotografy

File:Portrait of Peter Abrahams LCCN2004662473 (crop).jpg|Peter Abrahams, 1955
File:Marian Anderson.jpg|Marian Anderson, 1940
File:Earlofsnowdon.jpeg|Antony Armstrong-Jones, 1958
File:Isherwood and Auden by Carl van Vechten, 1939.jpg|Christopher Isherwood en W. H. Auden, 1939
File:Pierre Balmain and Ruth Ford, photographed by Carl Van Vechten, November 9, 1947.jpg|Pierre Balmain en Ruth Ford, 1947
File:TallulahBankhead.jpg|Tallulah Bankhead, 1934
File:Jamesbaldwin.jpg|James Baldwin, 1955
File:Albert C. Barnes.jpg|Albert C. Barnes, 1940
File:Harry Belafonte Almanac 1954 b.jpg|Harry Belafonte, 1954
File:Feral Benga, 1937.jpg|Féral Benga, 1937
File:Robert Hunt and Witter Bynner.jpg|Robert Hunt en Witter Bynner
File:Karen Blixen 1959 photo by Carl Van Vechten.jpg|Karen von Blixen-Finecke, 1959
File:Portrait of Clare Boothe Luce LCCN2004663224.jpg|Clare Boothe Luce, 1932
File:Marlon Brando 1948.jpg|Marlon Brando, 1948
File:Donald Windham and Sandy Campbell, 1955.jpg|Donald Windham en Sandy Campbell, 1955
File:Truman Capote 1924 1.jpg|Truman Capote, 1948
File:Katharine Cornell.jpg|Katharine Cornell, 1933
File:Giorgio de Chirico (portrait).jpg|Giorgio de Chirico, 1936
File:Portrait of Salvador Dali, Paris, LOC 4483943847.jpg|Salvador Dalí, 1934
File:Gloria Davy.jpg|Gloria Davy, 1958
File:Ruby Dee.jpg|Ruby Dee, 1962
File:Mabel Dodge Luhan - Van Vechten.jpg|Mabel Dodge Luhan, 1934
File:Norman Douglas 1935.jpg|Norman Douglas, 1935
File:John Van Druten.jpg|John Van Druten, 1932
File:Portrait of John Gielgud 2 by Carl Van Vechten cropped.jpeg|John Gielgud as Richard II, 1936
File:William Faulkner 1954 (2) (photo by Carl van Vechten).jpg|William Faulkner, 1954
File:Arthur Gold and Robert Fizdale, 1952.jpg|Arthur Gold en Robert Fizdale, 1952
File:Carl van Vechten - Francis Scott Fitzgerald 1937 Detail.jpg|F. Scott Fitzgerald, 1937
File:Lynn Fontanne portrait2.jpg|Lynn Fontanne, 1932
File:Bengazarra.jpg|Ben Gazzara, 1955
File:Dizzy_Gillespie_playing_horn_1955.jpg|Dizzy Gillespie, 1955
File:Martha Graham and Bertram Ross.jpg|Martha Graham en Bertram Ross, 1961
File:Maurice Grosser, 1935.jpg|Maurice Grosser, 1935
File:WCHandy.jpg|W. C. Handy, 1941
File:Julie Harris as Sally Bowles.jpg|Julie Harris, 1952
File:Billie Holiday 1949.jpg|Billie Holiday, 1949
File:Portrait of Nora Holt by Carl Van Vechten.jpg|Nora Holt, 1955
File:Lenahorne.jpeg|Lena Horne, 1941
File:Marilyn Horne and Henry Lewis.jpg|Marilyn Horne en Henry Lewis, 1961
File:Zora Neale Hurston (1938).jpg|Zora Neale Hurston, 1938
File:Joseiturbi.jpg#/media/File:Joseiturbi.jpg|José Iturbi, 1933
File:Mahalia Jackson 1962, van Vechten, LC-USZ62-91314.jpg|Mahalia Jackson, 1962
File:Philip Johnson3.jpg|Philip Johnson, 1933
File:Eartha Kitt.jpg|Eartha Kitt, 1952
File:Victor Kraft, 1935.jpg|Victor Kraft, 1935
File:Fernand Léger.jpg|Fernand Léger, 1936
File:Portrait of Hugh Laing, in Jardin aux Lilas LCCN2004663158.jpg|Hugh Laing, 1940
File:Native-Son-Canada-Lee-1941-2.jpg|Canada Lee, 1941
File:Lotte Lenya.jpg|Lotte Lenya, 1962
File:Joe Louis by van Vechten.jpg|Joe Louis, 1941
File:Alfred Lunt 1.jpg|Alfred Lunt, 1932
File:Norman Mailer (1948).jpg|Norman Mailer, 1948
File:Henri Matisse photo taken by Carl Van Vechten.jpg|Henri Matisse, 1933
File:Maugham retouched.jpg|Somerset Maugham, 1934
File:Elsa Maxwell, on the Conte de Savoia, 1935.jpg|Elsa Maxwell, 1935
File:Colin McPhee.jpg|Colin McPhee, 1935
File:Gcmenotti.jpg|Gian Carlo Menotti, 1944
File:Vechten, Carl van - 1947 - Francisco Moncion.jpg|Francisco Moncion, 1947
File:Robert Morse.jpg|Robert Morse, 1958
File:Laurence Olivier Carl Van Vechten portrait 3.jpg|Laurence Olivier, 1939
File:Christopher Plummer.jpg|Christopher Plummer, 1959
File:José Quintero, 1958.jpg|José Quintero, 1958
File:Luise Rainer facing front.jpg|Luise Rainer, 1937
File:CesarRomero.jpg|Cesar Romero, 1934
File:Arthur Schwartz by Van Vechten.jpg|Arthur Schwartz, 1933
File:Walter Slezak by Van Vechten.jpg|Walter Slezak, 1934
File:Bessiesmith-2.jpg|Bessie Smith, 1936
File:Gertrude Stein 1935-01-04.jpg|Gertrude Stein, 1935
File:Jimmy Stewart.jpg|James Stewart, 1934
File:William Grant Still by Carl Van Vechten.jpg|William Grant Still, 1949
File:Paul Taylor.jpg|Paul Taylor, 1960
File:Tchelitchew.jpg|Pavel Tchelitchew, 1934
File:Virgil Thomson by Carl Van Vechten.jpg|Virgil Thomson, 1947
File:Anthonytudor.jpg|Antony Tudor, 1941
File:GoreVidalVanVechten1.jpg|Gore Vidal, 1948
File:Hugh Walpole, 1934.jpg|Hugh Walpole, 1934
File:Portrait of Ethel Waters LCCN2004663703.jpg|Ethel Waters, 1938
File:Evelynwaugh.jpeg|Evelyn Waugh, 1940
File:Orson_Welles_1937.jpg|Orson Welles, 1937
File:Anna May Wong 2.jpg|Anna May Wong, 1939
File:Zoritch.jpg|George Zoritch, 1942