open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ɗemngal Atsam

**Atsam** (Tyap: Tsamyia̱, Hawsa: Chawai, Cawai, Chawe), ko ɗemngal Kainji e nder leydi Naajeeriya. Haalooɓe ɗum ko yimɓe Atsam, ɓuri heewde ko e nder diiwaan Kauru, diiwaan Kadunae diiwaan Bassa, diiwaan Plateau, *Middle Belt*, to leydi Naajeeriya.

## Tuugnorgal
Zakia Zouanat

**Zakiya Zouanat** (1957 – 30 ut 2012) ko ganndo ko faati e annduɓe Maruk. Ko o wiɗtiyanke to Duɗal Janngirɗe Afrik to Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Mohammed V, ko o karallo to bannge suufiyaŋkaagal Maruk.[1][2] Wiɗtooji makko ina njowitii e daartol yimɓe suufiyaŋkooɓe teeŋtuɓe e nder teeminannde 12ɓiire haa 13ɓiire. Zouanat yiɗiino jokkondirde e Maroknaaɓe jannguɓe Farayse ɓe keɓata diineeji mum en e binndi aarabeeɓe.[3] No seedaa e firo makko e eɓɓaande Delos ndee nii,[4] o yiɗiino e tiiɗnaare ngam bayyinde ndeenka nokkuuji hijjoore teeŋtuɗi wonande suufiyaŋkooɓe Marok, kam e rokkude konngol ngam jokkondirde e faggudu e pinal.

## Golle
Ibnu Mashish: Maître d’al-Shadili [Ibnu Mashish: Master of al-Shadili], Najah El Jadida, 1998

(facciro) Paroles d’or de Abdul-Aziz-Dabbagh: enseignements consignés par ɓiɗɗo almuudo Ibnu Mubarak al-Lamtî [Konnguɗi kaŋŋe Abdu-Aziz-Dabbagh: Janngirɗe ɗe almuudo makko Ibnu Mubarak winndi al-Lamtî], Beyruut, hitaande 2001.

Sufisme: quête de lumière [Sufism: ɗaɓɓaande annoore], fuɗɗoode Ahmed Toufiq, Koutoubia, 2009

Laamu seniiɓe [Laamu seniiɓe], hitaande 2011

## Tuugnorgal

# *Hommage À Zakia Zouanat À Kasbah Agafay, La Nouvelle Tribune, 08/11/12*
# *Ñalnde wiɗto ganndal e nder leydi : Zakia Zouanat naatii e “Laamɗo seniiɓe”, Libération, 1 suwee 2012.*
# *J., Sedwiik, Mark (2004). Haɓde e aduna hannde oo : aadaaji e daartol hakkilantaagal sirlu teeminannde noogasɓiire. Oxford: Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Oxford. . OCLC 51053920.*
# *"ƊEƊƊI ƊI ƊI ƊI ƊI ƊI ƊI". www.safaara.org. Heɓtinaama e 17-10-2018.*
Angas languages

**Angas**, Angas–Sura walla ɗemɗe Caad Hirnaange Cakaare (anndiraaɗe kadi A.3 Caad Hirnaange) ko calɗi ɗemɗe Caad Hirnaange kaaleteeɗe e nder diiwaan Plateau, worgo-caka Naajeeriya.

### Ɗemɗe Ɗemɗe Angas ɗee ngoni:

### Angas Ngasic: Ngas (Angas), Belnəng; ?Miler Mwaghavulic: Mwaghavul, Mupun (Mapun), Takas (Toos); Cakfem-Muuseere Laana (Chip) Pan ɓuuɓri Cakato; Jorto (fenaande) Jipal, Mernyang (Mirriam), Kwagallak, Kofyar (Doemak), Bwol, Goram, Jibyal Nteng Tel (Tɛɛl, Montol) Talik: Tal, Pyapun, Koenoem Goemaa: Goemaa Yiwom (Ywom, Gerka)[3] Tesko-ɗen wonde e nder inɗe ɗemɗe ɗee, oe ortogaraafi ina darii e alkulal hakkundeewal ə, ko huunde nde misiyoŋaaji e nder nokku Shendam mbaɗnoo e kitaale 1930, ko wayi no Baaba E. Sirlinger.
)

Note that in the language names, orthographic *[[Oe (digraph)|oe]]* stands for the mid central vowel **ə**, a practice that had been adopted by missionaries in the Shendam area during the 1930s, such as Father E. Sirlinger.

Nandugol e ɗemɗe Caad hirnaange keewɗe goɗɗe, ɗemɗe Angas ngalaa morfolooji inɗe e konnguɗi caɗtuɗi.[6]

Ywom woni ɗemngal ɓurngal seertude.[7]

### Fonoloji Won e sifaaji fonoloji ɗi nganndu-ɗaa ko ɗi ɗemɗe Caadi A3:

Ywom is the most divergent language.

### Konnguɗi palatal Konnguɗi ɓ, ɗ Sifaa alkule jeegom ina waɗi i, ɨ, u, ɛ, ɔ, a Toɓɓe tonngooɗe tati Morfolooji Ɗemɗe Caad A3 hirnaange ina njogii morfolooji ceertuɗi sabu kawral tipolooji e ɗemɗe Plateau. Blench (2022) hollitii wonde ina woodi nanndugol morfolooji keewɗi e ɗemɗe Berom, Izere, e Ninzic (hono Mada), hay so tawii noon alaa ko waawi anndeede ɗoon e ɗoon e ñamri lekkol toowndi. Hay so tawii ɗemɗe Hausa e ɗemɗe Chadic A3 hirnaange ina ndenndi ɗemɗe keewɗe, ɗemɗe Hausa ɓuri saɗtude e morfolooji. Ko ɗum waɗi Hausa ummorii ko caggal nokku Plateau, ɗum noon ɓe njokkondirtaa e ɗemɗe Plateau juutɗe no feewi haa no Chadic West A3 joginoo nii.
Keewgol ina maantiniree *mV- e nder ɗemɗe A3 Chadic hirnaange ɗee kala.

### Leksikon Ɗemɗe Chadic A3 hirnaange ɗee ko ɗemɗe kese to bannge konnguɗi, nde tawnoo ɗe majjii ɗaɗi konnguɗi Chadic keewɗi no ɗemɗe Ron e Bauchi fuɗnaange nii. Blench (2022) hollitii wonde ɗumɗoo ko sabu ñamlude ɗemɗe Plateau ɗe gila ndeen majjii e/walla njiimaandi.

### Inɗe e nokkuuji Les ɗo, doggol inɗe ɗemɗe Angas, yimɓe, e nokkuuji ɗi Blench (2019) waɗi.
Asu language (Nigeria)

**Asu** (anndiraaɗo kadi Abewa walla Ebe[) is a Nupoid language spoken in Niger State in Western Nigeria.ko ɗemngal Nupoid kaaleteengal e nder Diiwaan Niiseer to Hirnaange Naajeeriya.Asu en ina nguuri e nder gure sappo to fuɗnaange-rewo Kontagora.
Malika Zeghal

**Malika Zeghal** (jibinaa ko e hitaande 1965[1]) ko jannginoowo Tuunusnaajo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Harvard to bannge miijo e nguurndam lislaam hannde, kadi ko adii ɗuum ko jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Chicago to bannge anthropologie e sociologie diine.

## Nguurndam
O woniino almuudo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde École Normale Supérieure, o heɓi doktoraa makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Pari e hitaande 1994. O fuɗɗii wiɗtooji makko caggal doktoraa ko e hitaande 1995 to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Hagop Kevorkian to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde New York hade makko hootde Farayse to... jokkondirde e duuɓi sappo, nokku wiɗto ganndal ngenndiijo tuggi 1995 haa 2005.[2] O wonii tergal e Diiso Ganndal Akademi Ganndal, Binndi, e Naalankaagal Tuunus.[3]

Golle makko, Gardiens de l’Islam, binndaaɗe e ɗemngal Farayse, ko ƴeewndo batte ulamaaji duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Al-Azhar. A. Marsot ina hollita wonde teskuyaaji mum ko wonde "ulamaaji Azhar ina cikki wonde ko golle maɓɓe, daʿwa, ko kamɓe ngoni gardiiɗo diine, ƴeewde so tawii sariyaaji leydi ina njahdi e shariʿa; ko noon, hare maɓɓe e laamuuji ɗii siforii." e etaade seerndude sariyaaji dowla ngam wallitde shariʿa."[4] Deftere nde ina yuurnitoo no jokkondiral dowla e ulamaaji Azhari walliri ngam arde e ƴellitaare dille lislaam goɗɗe, woni fedde juulɓe, tawa ko e yaasi juɓɓule aadaaji .

## Kurseeji Janngiraaɗi
E hitaande 2013, o jannginii janngirde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Harvard to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Harvard, ina wiyee "HDS 3361: Lislaam politik e nder teeminannde 20ɓiire e 21ɓiire".[5]

## Bibliografi
Jardiiji lislaam. Jaayndeeji Azhar e nder leydi Misra hannde, 1996. 

Lislaamiyankooɓe marokaaji: defino laamu nguu, 2005. 

## Tuugnorgal

* "Malika ZEGHAL mooftaama e hitaande 2006-11-28 to masiŋ Wayback." Catal janngirɗe hakkunde fannuuji diineeji.
* "Malika Zeghal, debbo Tuunus, toɗɗaaɗo jannginoowo to Harvard". ardiiɓe (e Farayse). Heɓtinaama ñalnde 26-05-2019.
* "Malika Zegal". Departemaa ɗemɗe e siwil en Fuɗnaange ɓadiiɗo. Heɓtinaama ñalnde 26-05-2019.
* A. Marsoot. Deftere nde: Gardiiji Lislaam. ko Malika Zeghal. Jaaynde winndereere ko faati e Fuɗnaange hakkundeejo, Vol. 31, Nokku 2. (Lewru mee 1999), h.
* Duɗal diineeji Harvard: Detaay jannde. HDS 3361 Lislaam politik e nder teeminannde 20ɓiire e 21ɓiire [1].
Shirley Ann Barlow

**Shirley Ann Barlow** ko ganndo ko faati e ganndal (classic) keɓtinaaɗo e jaŋde daartol (drama) ganndal, omo jeyaa e terɗe sosɗe Departemaa ganndal (Département classique) to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kent. Gooto e almuɓɓe makko ɓooyɓe ko Alan Davies, koolaaɗo kuuɓal. O woniino tedduɗo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Londres.

## Kugal
Barlow fuɗɗii ko e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kent e hitaande 1965, o woni jannginoowo e ganndal ganndal. O heɓi darnde mawnde haa o laati janngirde mawnde, o laati, ɓaawo man, hooreejo departemaa Classics ton.[1][2] O woniino Master to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Eliot, Kent e suudu seminar to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Eliot ina inniri ɗum.[2][3] Gooto e almuɓɓe makko e hitaande 1986 ko Alan Davies, koolaaɗo kuuɓal, sifotooɗo Barlow, e nder deftere mum 2009 wiyeteende My favorite people and me: 1978-1988, wonde ko kanko woni jannginoowo ɓurɗo moƴƴude mo o joginoo to Kent, tawi omo siftina mo wonde «naatoowo, kadi ganndo, kadi [neɗɗo mo... ] ina addana mo tiiɗnaare e fannu makko, drama classique".[4]

Barlow wonnoo ko tergal fedde winndereere Soroptimist, o woniino hooreejo fedde Canterbury e hitaande 1986-1987.[2] O heɓi njeenaari teddundi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde London e hitaande 1988.[1]

## Binndanɗe cuɓaaɗe
Barlow, S. A. 1971. Natal Euripides. Londres.

Barlow, S. A. 1981. "Ajax Sofokles e Herakles Euripides", Ramus 10(2), 112-128.

Barlow, S. A. 1982. "Minnde e gooŋgaaku e nder Herakles Euripides", Giriis e Rome 29(2) 115-125.

Barlow, S. A. 1986. Rewɓe Trojan en Euripides. Warminster, Aris e Filips.

Barlow, S. A. 1989. “Miijo e waylo-waylo e nder Medea Euripides”, Giriis e Rome 36(2), 158-171.

Barlow, S. A. 1996. Yuripides: Herakles. Warminster, Aris e Filips.

## Tuugnorgal
"Doggol teddungal". UCL. Keɓtinaama ñalnde 17 sulyee 2020.

"SI HOOREEJO CANTERBURY & CAƊEELE BIRO". Soroptomist hakkunde leyɗeele. Keɓtinaama ñalnde 17 sulyee 2020.

"Suudu Eliyot Shirley Barlow". Duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kent. Keɓtinaama ñalnde 17 sulyee 2020.

Daawiis, Alan (2009). "Hitaande 1986". Yimɓe ɓurɓe yiɗde mi e am: 1978-1988.
Anaang language

**Anaang** (Annang) ko ɗemngal neeniwal ɓiɓɓe Naajeeriya.

Haaloowo Engele Annang ina heewi huutoraade kuule grammaire Annang e nder kuutoragol mum Engele, ina heewi bonnude miijo haalooɓe Engele.
Ria Berg

**Ria Berg** ko gardiiɗo Duɗal Romanum Finlande (Rome), anndiraangal kadi Duɗal Finlande to Rome. Duɗal Finlande ko duɗal janngirde ballitoowal wiɗtooji e nder gannde neɗɗankaagal, haa teeŋti noon e ko yowitii e daartol ɓooyngol e leydi Itali. Berg ko porfeseer ganndal arkewolosi. O woni ko e anndude Pompeii, nokkuuji e geɗe nder galleeji, miijooji Room, e arkewolosi jinnaaɓe.

## Jaangirde
Berg heɓi doktoraa mum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Helsinki e hitaande 2010. Teskorde makko doktoraa ndee ina wiyee, Miin ko ɓuri heewde e ɗemngal ɗemngal Latin e ɗe ngonaa luulndiiɗe.[1]

## Kugal
Berg toɗɗaa ko gardiiɗo Duɗal Romanum Finlandiae e lewru ut 2021. Ko adii ɗuum ko o balloowo (2001-5) caggal ɗuum cukko gardiiɗo (2012-16) Duɗal ngal.[2]

## Bibliografi
Diine teskinɗo. Materialité des pratiques de culte domestique gila e jamaanu ɓooyɗo haa e fuɗɗoode jamaanu hannde, ed. ko Ria Berg, Antonella Koralini, e Anu Kaisa Koponen (Kuasar, 2021) [3]

## Tuugnorgal
"Miɗo woodi ɗemngal latin e nder duuniyaaru, mi walaa haɓre pompeian". helka.helka.fi. Keɓtinaama ñalnde 25 lewru bowte hitaande 2023.

"Ria Berg ko keso njuɓɓudi to Duɗal Romanum Finlande". Duɗal Romanum Finlande (e ɗemngal Itaali). 5 Duujal 2021. Ƴeewtaa ko 27 Oktoobar 2022.

"Diina gonɗo e nder galleeji. Kaɓirɗe kuuɓtodinɗe e nder galleeji gila e jamaanu ɓooyɗo haa e fuɗɗoode jamaanu hannde". Edizioni Quasar (e ɗemngal itaali). Keɓtinaama ñalnde 27 Oktoobar 2022.
Alumu language

**Alumu** ko ɗemngal Plateau ngal ko ina tolnoo e 7 000 neɗɗo kaalata e nder diiwaan Nassarawa, leydi Najeriya . Nde majjii sifaa affix nominaal sifaa galle Niiseer-Kongo .

## Ɗemɗe
Ceertugol ɗiɗi, Alomoh e Tesu, ina ceerti tan e tonngoode.  Kabaaru wonande Alomoh e Tesu ina limtaa e Blench (2004). 

**Alomoh** (walla **Arum** ), e haalooɓe 4 000, ina haalee e gure Anji-Mara (koɗki mawki),Tsavoh, Tapha,Tumara, Chugbu, Shu'a (Gbira),Siin.

**Tesu** (Təsu) (Hausa: Chessu  ), mo haalooɓe mum ɓuri 2 000 seeɗa, ina haalee e nder gure ɗiɗi Chessu Sarki e Chessu Madaki, ɗe ngoni ko e kiloomeeteer gooto hakkunde mum en e laawol Wamba - Fadan Karshi.

Akpondoh kadi ina ɓadii (kañum ne Babur, Nisam e Nigbo ) kono ko moribund walla majjuɗo, kadi renndinde ɗum e ɗemngal ceertungal walla e ɗemngal mbaylowal walla e fedde sosiyoloji ɗemɗe jokkondirɗe laaɓtaani. 

## Fonoloji

Laaɓaani so tawii nasality vowel ko fonetik e Alumu walla alaa. 

## Tuugnorgal
Margaret "Peggy" Isobel Birley

**Margaret « Peggy » Isobel Birley**, jibinaaɗo e Goodlet (29 abriil 1910 - 2000) ko ganndo ko faati e geɗe taariindi, golloowo e nder cuuɗi Roomnaaɓe wiyeteeɗi Housesteads e Vindolanda.

## Nguurndam
Margaret, anndiraaɗo Peggy, Isobel Goodlet jibinaa ko e hitaande 1910 to wuro wiyeteengo Forest Hall, to leydi Northumberland. Nde o woni almuudo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Armstrong to Newcastle e kitaale 1930, o janngi e ganndo arkewolosi biyeteeɗo Eric Birley, o wallitorii kadi e ƴeewndorɗe arkewolosi ɗe Birley ardinoo e nder cuuɗi Roomnaaɓe to Housesteads e Vindolanda (dow e saraaji mum Hadrian). E hitaande 1934 kanko e Eric Birley ɓe resndi;[1] duuɓi nay caggal ɗuum ɓe mbinndi ciimtol ko fayti e ƴeewndorɗe Vindolanda.[4]

Birley en ina njogii ɓiɓɓe ɗiɗo worɓe, Robin e Anthony, kamɓe ɗiɗo fof ɓe ngonti arkewolosi en kadi ; Robin e debbo mum Patricia njokki golle ɗee to Vindolanda, caggal ɗuum ɓiɗɗo maɓɓe e jom suudu maɓɓe biyeteeɗo Andrew e Barbara Birley.

## Binndanɗe
Birli, Erik, e Margaret Birli. 1938. Ciimtol nayaɓol ko fayti e ƴeewndorɗe to Chesterholm-Vindolanda: Winndannde asliire ummoraade e Arkewolosi Aeliana: Walla binndanɗe ceertuɗe jowitiiɗe e ɓooyɗe. Jaaynde Northumberland. Doi:10.5284/1060002

Corder, Philip 1937. Ko ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri Roomnaaɓe e Angalteernaaɓe e teeminannde nayaɓere sara Crambeck. E winndannde ko fayti e peccitagol kaɓirɗe Crambeck ɗe Margaret Birley winndi. Jaaynde Antikwaaji. Toɓɓere 17, hello 392-413.

## Tuugnorgal
Henndu, Daawuuda J. (28-06-2021). "Peggy Birley - Ɓoornuɓe". Ɓoornugol. Heɓtinaama ñalnde 23-05-2024.

"Iwdi Birley: YONTAARE JEEƊƊI". web.arsiif.org. 23-02-2005. Heɓtinaama ñalnde 23-05-2024.

Henndu, Daawuuda J. (1996). "Eric Birley (1906-1995): Cukko hooreejo hitaande 1951-1995". Biritaan. 27: xi-xiv. ISSN 0068-113X.

Birley, Erik; Birley, Margaret. "Ciimtol nayaɓol ko fayti e ɓuuɓri to Chesterholm-Vindolanda". Arkewolosi Aeliana. 15: 222-237. Doi:10.5284/1060002.

“Patricia Birley”, Wikipedia, 23-05-2024, ƴettaa ko 23-05-2024

"Maayde - Robin Birley, arkewolos mawɗo e jannginoowo duɗal to Ecosse". Jaaynde ndee. 22-10-2018. Heɓtinaama ñalnde 23-05-2024.

"Jokkondir e kippu nguu". Koolaaɗo kuuɓal Vindolanda. 28-02-2019. Heɓtinaama ñalnde 23-05-2024.

"Dr Andrew Birley, FSA, FSA Ecoppi". Koolaaɗo kuuɓal Vindolanda. 28-02-2019. Heɓtinaama ñalnde 23-05-2024.
Alege language

**Alege** ko ɗemngal Bendi e nder leydi Najeriya.

### Janngugol jokkungol Obikudo, Ebitare F. e Bosko C. Okolo-Obi. "Sistem alkule Àlégē." Binndanɗe golle Arusha e nder ɗemɗe Afrik, 4(1): 3-20.
Georgina Onuoha

**Georgina Onuoha** (jibinaa ko ñalnde 29 suwee 1980)  ko fiyoowo filmo, koolaaɗo, ko neɗɗo teleeji, ko neɗɗo moƴƴo. 

O jeyaa ko e diiwaan Anambra to Fuɗnaange-rewo leydi Najeriya.

## Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol
Georgina jibinaa, mawni ko to Lagos, ɗo o janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Badagry ngam jaŋde makko hakkundeere, o heɓi seedantaagal makko mawngal to Afrik hirnaange. Caggal ɗuum, o jokki e yahde LASU, o timmini dipolomaaji ɗiɗi. Ko adii nde o heɓata dipolomaaji makko e jokkondiral hakkunde leyɗeele e jaŋde strateeji, ɗaɓɓoowo oo adii heɓde ko dipolomaaji gonɗi e sariya hakkunde leyɗeele e dipolomasi. 

O naati nder fijirde filmuuji Naajeeriya nder hitaande 1990 nde o mari duuɓi 10. O heɓi lollude e hitaande 1992 caggal nde o waɗi filmo biyeteeɗo " Living in Bondage ". o suɓaama ngam wonde debbo ɓurɗo waawde wallitde e njeenaari Oscar filmuuji Afrik .

O ñiŋi laamu leydi Naajeeriya e yeeso yimɓe fof sabu mum ittude ballal petroŋ e hitaande 2016.  E nder lowre makko to Instagram e lewru marse 2016, o wiyi omo wondi e rafi mo innde mum anndaaka fotde duuɓi 8. 

O ñiŋi kadi Yul Edochie sabu jogaade debbo ɗiɗaɓo. 

O resii gorko makko mo Amerik, Ifeanyi Igwegbe, ɓe ndañi ɓiɓɓe rewɓe ɗiɗo.

## Tuugnorgal
Akum language

**Akum** ko ɗemngal Plateau leydi Kamerun e sara keeri leydi Najeriya.

### Fonoloji Konnguɗi Konnguɗi Akum. Labial Koronaal Palatal Velar Labiyo-velar Nofru m n ɲ ŋm Plosif b t d c ɟ k g kp gb Ko adii nofru ᵐb ⁿd ᶮɟ ᵑɡ Afrikaat ts dz Frikatiif f s ʃ Tiril r Ko ɓadii l j w Konnguɗi keewɗi kadi ina njogii mbaydiiji palatalized e labialized, kono sabu ŋakkeende binndol anndaaka so tawii ɗiin ko fonetik walla alaa. Ko /r/, /b/, /g/, /m/, /n/, e /ŋ/ tan keɓata e joofnirde alkulal, /ŋ/ ko e oon darnde tan.

### Wowel Alkule Akum. Yeeso Cakaare Caggal Toowɗo-hakkunde ɪ ʊ Hakkunde ɛ ə ɔ Low a /ə/ e /ɛ/ ina mbaawi wonde allofoneeji.

### Toon Akum ina waɗi toonuuji tati : toowɗi, hakkundeeji, lesɗi.
Akpondu language

**Akpondu** ko ɗemngal Plateau e nder leydi Naajeriya meeɗi haaleede e wuro Akpondu, e nder diiwaan Kaduna. Yimmɓe Akpondu njippiima e Ninzo. Ko limooje ɗee tan mbinndaa. Ɗemɗe majjuɗe ɗe ngalaa kaayitaaji Nigbo e Babur (Bəbər) ina kaalee kadi e gure saraaji Nigbo e Babur, kam en fof.

## Limle Limlebbi
Akpondu ko mawɗo wuro Akpondu siftini ɗum en e hitaande dubi 2005. Ko ɗiin ngoni:[<ref name="Blench 20122

## Limre Akpondu Təsu
gooto àɲini àɲinnde ɗiɗo àfi àhùrwi tati àtárá àtaa nayi ànnɛ̀ aanɛ jowi àtúŋgu atúŋgu jeegom ànar kye tέrέkífí jeeɗiɗi anar aɲini tέrέkífí naɲí ataruuji jeetati jeenay atar kye aɲini tsyátsya nanyi ten àgùrmabɔ gòròmàvɔ sappo e goo àgùrmabɔ àɲini goròmàvɔ hwá nyimbere.
## Himobe
Josine Henriëtte Blok

**Josine Henriëtte Blok** (jibinaa ko ñalnde 9 lewru juko hitaande 1953)[1] ko ganndo ko faati e ganndal (classique) Holanndeejo. O wonii porfeseer taariindi ɓooyndi e siwil ɓooyɗo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Utrecht gila 2001 haa 2019.

Blok jibinaa ko to Oegstgeest. O naati duɗal jimɗi, caggal ɗuum o janngi daartol to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Groningen hakkunde 1971 e 1978. E lewru oktoobar 1991, o heɓi doktoraa makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Leiden e gardagol porfeseer biyeteeɗo Henk Versnel [nl], tawi o winnditii heen binndanɗe ina wiyee : « Amazones antipretien the Amazon antianeiraes ». e nder taariikaaji ɗii, ko adii 19e e 20e e nder leydi Giriik ɓooyndi".[1][2] E hitaande 2001, Blok toɗɗaa ko jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Utrecht.[1]

E hitaande 2003, Blok rokkaama dokkal Vici ummoraade e Fedde Hollande ngam wiɗtooji ganndal ngam wiɗtooji ko faati e ɓiyleydaagu e nder Aten ɓooyɗo.[3] O suɓaama tergal e duɗal ganndal e ganndal leydi Pays-Bas e hitaande 2011.[4][5]

## Tuugnorgal
"Porfeser J.H. Blok (1953 - )" (e ɗemngal Holanndee). Duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Utrecht. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 28 noowammbar 2016.

"CV Josiin Blok". Duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Utrecht. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 28 noowammbar 2016.

"Nguurndam 2003". Fedde Pays-Bas ngam wiɗtooji ganndal. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 9 lewru abriil 2017. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 28 noowammbar 2016.

"Blok Josiin". Akademi laamɗo Pays-Bas to bannge naalankaagal e gannde. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 28 noowammbar 2016.

"Hoogleraar Josine Blok tot lid KNAW gekozen". DUIC. 23 lewru mee 2011. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 28 noowammbar 2016.
Joy Osomiamhe-Onumajuru

**Joy Osomiamhe-Onumajuru** (jibinaa ko ñalnde 19 lewru feebariyee 1991), ko neɗɗo Naajeeriya, keɓɗo njeenaari e nder kawgel ngel, kadi ko jom ngalu. Ko kanko sosi eɓɓaande toppitiinde annduɓe Afrik e Akademi Royal Annduɓe Diamond.[3]

## Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol
Onumajuru fuɗɗi jaŋde mum ko e duɗal leslesal e nder wuro Festac, to diiwaan Lagos tuggi hitaande 1992 haa 1995 e duɗal leslesal 5th Avenue, to wuro Festac, to diiwaan Lagos tuggi hitaande 1995 haa 2000, o jokki e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Rolex, wuro Iba, diiwaan Ojo LGA 2000 haa 2003 e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Barek Memorial, wuro Iba, Ojo LGA, diiwaan Lagos tuggi 2003 haa 2006 ngam jaŋde makko hakkundeere. Tuggi 2008 haa 2012, o yahi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Imo State, o heɓi dipolomaaji makko e ganndal ordinateer. Tuggi 2014 haa 2016, o yahri yeeso to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Greenwich ɗo o heɓi MSC e karallaagal kumpital njulaagu.[1][2]

## Kugal
Onumajuru fuɗɗi kuugal maako nder hitaande 2011 nde o heɓi nasaraaku laamiiɗo Aso Naajeeriya. E hitaande 2014, o ummii to Angalteer ɗo o dañi njeenaari goɗɗo, hono Miss Commonwealth Afrik. O warti lesdi Naajeeriya o gollidi bee Shakatawa e Teleeji Afrik jeytaare dow nokkuuje yimɓe & Kewuuji fuu.[1][2] Caggal mum e nder golle makko, o fuɗɗii eɓɓoore toppitiinde annduɓe Afrik (ASCI) ngam rokkude ballal jaŋde e kaɓirɗe ngam wallitde ɓe ngalaa baawɗe e nder nokkuuji jeegom geo-politik e nder leydi Najeriya.[4][5] E hitaande 2020, ASCI waɗii 100 suka debbo Naajeeriya e heblo TIC.[6]

## Njeenaaje e anndinde
E hitaande 2014, Onumajuru heɓi njeenaari Ambasadeer Moƴƴere Naajeeriya e njeenaari rewɓe Ardiiɓe Afrik e hitaande 2019.[1]

## Tuugnorgal
"Geɗe jeegom ɗe potɗaa anndude e weltaare osomiamhe-onumajuru". Jaaynde Naange. 14 lewru bowte 2020. Ƴeewtaa ko 21 lewru bowte 2020.

"Laamɗo debbo jogiiɗo jaŋde e hakkille mum". Jaaynde Ngenndi. 19 suwee 2017. Ƴeewtaa ko 21 ut 2020.

Nwafor, Polikar (17 juillet 2020). "Sosɗo ASCI waɗii njillu to bannge jaayɗe, haali ko fayti e semmbinde sukaaɓe". Jaaynde Vanguard. Keɓtinaama ñalnde 21 ut 2020.

Essien, Andere (29 mee 2020). "Dental Afrik, DG Naptip, Woɗɓe E Ñalnde 27 lewru Mbooy ASCI Ɓoornugol Ɓoornugol To Abuja". Jaaynde Ardorde. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 21 lewru bowte 2020.
Ɗemngal Ake

**Ake** (Aike) ko ɗemngal Plateau e nder leydi Najeriya. Ina haalee e nder gure tati saraaji Akwanga.

## Tuugnorgal
Chiara Bonacchi

**Chiara Bonacchi** FSA FSA Scotland ko ganndo ko faati e geɗe taariindi. Ko o jannginoowo mawɗo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Stirling.[1]

## Kugal
Bonacchi ina jogii BA e arkewolosi e MA e arkewolosi medieval to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Firenze. O heɓi doktoraa makko e arkewolosi renndo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde London.[1] O wonii tergal Goomu toppitiingu golle winndereyankooje Fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e ndonaandi, omo jooɗii e goomu wasiyaaji Journal of Open Archaeology Data.[2]

Bonacchi suɓaama ngam wonde tergal e fedde annduɓe ko ɓooyi to Londres ñalnde 10 oktoobar 2018.[3]

## Suɓo binndanɗe
Nucciotti, M., Bonacchi, C. e Molducci, C. (Eds) 2019. Arkewolosi jaaynde e nder leydi Itali. Firenze: Jaaynde Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Firenze.

Bonacchi, C. e Krzyzanska, M. 2019. “Wiɗtooji ndonu dijital ƴeewtaama: ontolooji e anndal e nder aduna keewɗo humpitooji mawɗi”, ​​Jaaynde winndereyankoore jannde ndonu 25.

Bonacchi, C., Bevan, A., Keinan-Schoonbaert, A., Pett, D. e Wexler, J. 2019. “Naatgol e nder renndo ndonu”, Njuɓɓudi e njuɓɓudi suudu defte 34.

Bonacchi, C., Altaweel, M. e Krzyzanska, M. 2018. "Donaandi Brexit: Darnde ko yawti e nder mahngo identiteeji politik rewrude e laylayti renndo", Jaaynde arkewolosi renndo 18. 10.1177/1469605318759713

Bonacchi, C., Hingley, R. e Yarrow, T. 2016. “Yiɗtude anndindeeji ɓooyɗi e nder leydi Biritaan hannde”. Arkewolosi hakkunde leyɗeele 19, 54–57. hitaande 1909

## Tuugnorgal
"Dr Kiara Bonaki". Duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Stirling. Keɓtinaama ñalnde 3 noowammbar 2020.

"Goomu binndol". Jaaynde Dowlaaji Arkewolosi Udditiiɗi. Keɓtinaama ñalnde 3 noowammbar 2020.

"Dr Kiara Bonaki". Fedde annduɓe ko ɓooyi to Londres. Keɓtinaama ñalnde 3 noowammbar 2020.
Ajuwa language

**Ajuwa** (Ajegha) ko ɗemngal Plateau e nder Diiwaan Kaduna, Najeriya. Ene haalee e gure Kalla, Afogo, Iburu, Idon, e Makyali. Ajuwa habri ɗum ko *Roger Blench* (2019), kono haaldaaka e Ethnologue walla *Glottolog*. Blench renndini ɗum ko Fuɗnaange-rewo.*Blench classifies it as Northwestern*.

## Tuugnorgal
Ahwai language

**Ahwai**, ina wiyee kadi ɗemɗe Ndunic (nandu-Tari ko adii), ko dental ɗemɗe Plateau kaaleteeɗe to bannge worgo-fuɗnaange Fadan Karshi to Sanga LGA, to diiwaan Kaduna, to leydi Nijeer. Ko ɓuri heewde e gure ina tawee e daande maayo Ahwai e nder diiwaan Kaduna.

### Ɗemɗe Ɗemɗe tati ina ngoodi :
Ndun (Nandu), haalaaɗo tan ko to fuɗnaange-rewo koɗli Ahwai.
Nyeng (Ningon), haalaaɗo tan ko to worgo-fuɗnaange koɗli Ahwai. Ko adii fof ko hitaande 2003.
Shakara (Tari), kaaleteeɗo tan ko to fuɗnaange-rewo koɗli Ahwai.
Blench (2008) renndini ɗemɗe Ndunic ceertuɗe. Kono tan, e ndeen hitaande kadi Ethnologue renndini ɗe e ɗemngal gootal.

Ahwai ko helmere nde hoore mum huutortee ngam wiyde haalooɓe ɗemɗe Ndunic tati ɗee kala.

### Ndun Ndun ina anndaa kadi e innde Hawsa Nandu. Gure Ndun woni: Ànkpòŋ, Anfufalǐm, Ŋ̀bòk, Ànkàrà, Bányìn, e Ungwar Rimi.
To wuro Nince, to diiwaan Kaduna, yimɓe Nisam (Nise) fof ngummiima Ndun. Ɗemngal Nisam ina heddii e binnditagol.[5]

### Nyen Nyeng ina haalee fotde 2,000 haalooɓe e nder Adu e gure goɗɗe e nder diiwaan Kaduna, leydi Najeriya. Nyeŋkooɓe ina nguurnoo e tufnde izal anyeŋ. Hannde, gure maɓɓe ko:

### Nyeng inde inde hausa Adu Ningon kirya Pɔ̀hɔ́k Ungwan Giginya Pok Kyɔ́ Ungwan Dakaci Ungwan Rimi Ningon Titi Roger Blench e Barau Kato moofti doggol konnguɗi Nyeng e hitaande 2003.

### Shakara Ko ɓuri heewde e koɗkiiji Shakara en ko Jije Fyal, Nggwakum, Akayi, Apɔhɔt, Telehwe, Kobo, Koba, Nggwa Dauda, ​​Nggwa Mangoro, Nggwa Igyan, Barib, e Nggwa Yiri (jooni koɗaaka).

### Inɗe e nokkuuji Les ɗo, doggol inɗe ɗemɗe Ndunic, ɗuuɗal yimɓe, e nokkuuje diga Blench (2019).

### Language Cluster Alternate spellings Innde hoore mum ngam ɗemngal Endonim(s) Inɗe goɗɗe (nokkuuji) Inɗe goɗɗe ngam ɗemngal Haalooɓe Nokku(s) Ndun-Nyeng-Shakara njuɓɓudi Ndun-Nyeng-Shakara Ahwai [innde ƴettaande ko ɓooyaani ngam ɗemɗe tati ɗee]. Ndun Ndun-Nyeng-Shakara Nandu Nyeng Ndun-Nyeng-Shakara Ningon Shakara Ndun-Nyeng-Shakara ìShákárá sg. Saakar pl. UShákárá Tari Shakara 3000 (Blench est. 2003) Diiwaan Kaduna, diidi gure 7 km. feewde hirnaange Mayir e laawol Fadan Karshe-Wamba
Susanna H. Morton Braund

**Susanna H. Morton Braund** (jibinaa ko ñalnde 6 feebariyee 1957) ko jannginoowo jimɗi latin e jaɓɓagol mum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kolommbi.

Braund heɓi BA mum e Classics to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Cambridge e hitaande 1978, caggal ɗuum o heɓi PhD e hitaande 1984 to duɗal gootal.
Brlund waɗii toɗɗagol to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Exeter, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Bristol, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Royal Holloway, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde London, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Yale e to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Stanford hade makko ƴettude golle makko jooni ɗee.
Gila 2007, Braund ina joginoo jappeere wiɗto Tier 1 Kanadaa e nder yimre Latin e jaɓɓagol mum, nde hesɗitinaa e hitaande 2014.E hitaande 2016, Braund heɓi njeenaari wiɗto Killam wonande duuɓi 2016–2018 ngam eɓɓoore firooji Aeneid, Georgics e Eclogues Virgil.
E hitaande 2018, Braund suɓaama ngam wonde golloowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal neɗɗaŋke to Ostarali.

## Bibliografi cuɓaaɗo
Firooji e binndanɗe
Seneca, De Clementia: Waɗiraama e binndol, firo e firo (Oxford: jaaynde duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Oxford 2009) .
Juvenal e Persius (Defterdu Loeb, toɓɓere 91) (Cambridge, MA: Jaaynde Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Harvard 2004) Binndol nanndungol e ɗemngal Latin e firo Engele e golle winndooɓe ɗiɗo ɓee fof, e naatgol. .
Juvenal, Deftere Satires I (Kambrij: Jaaynde Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Kambrij 1996). Binndol e naatgol e firo. .
Lucan, Konu nder leydi: Facciraama e fuɗɗoode e binndanɗe (Oxford: Jaaynde Oxford 1992) Yahdi kadi e nder defte Oxford aduna.

## Defte e defte baylaaɗe
Virgil e firooji mum, ed. e Zara Martirosova Torlone (Oxford: Jaaynde Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Oxford 2018), .
Binndi Latin (London e New York: Routledge 2002) . Eɓɓoore ɗiɗmere: Famde binndol Latin (London e New York: Routledge 2017) ).
Satirist en Roman en e masiŋaaji mum en (London: Jaayndeeji ɓooyɗi Bristol/Duckworth 1996) .
Satire e renndo e nder Room ɓooyɗo (Janndeeji Exeter e nder daartol 23), (Liverpool: Jaaynde Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Liverpool 1989) .
Ko ɓuri tikkere: Janngugol deftere tataɓere Juvenal (Cambridge: jaaynde duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Cambridge 1988) .

## Feññinde podkast
Miijooji tiitoonde : ‘Susanna Braund e dow Eneid Virgil’. 25 oktoobar 2005.

## Himobe
Agoi language

**Agoi**, walla Ibami, ko ɗemngal maayo toowngo e nder leydi Najeriya.

Konnguɗi IPA:

Alkule juutɗe: alkule sappo juutɗe e hunuko /i ɪ e ɛ ə a ɔ o ʊ u/

Alkule juutɗe: alkule juutɗe jeeɗiɗi /iː eː ɛː aː ɔː oː uː/

Ko wiyetee: Yul-Ifode, Shirley. 2003. Harmonie alkule e kawral alkule e nder Agoi. Jannde e nder ɗemɗe Afrik 32. 1-16.
Ahan language

**Aahan** (Ààhàn) ko ɗemngal Volta–Niiseer ceertungal e nder leydi Najeriya, ngal ɓadii tan ko e Ayere.

### Sendol E wiyde Ethnologue, Ahan ina haalee e:
Leydi Ekiti: LGA Fuɗnaange Ekiti, wuro Omuo

Diiwaan Kogi: LGA Ijumu

Ondo: Akoko Fuɗnaange-rewo LGA, Ajowa, e gure Igashi

Fonoloji

Innde fonetik Ahan ko:

### Konnguɗi Dental labial- Palato alveolaar- alveolaar Velaar Labiyo- velar Glotal Nofru m n ɲ ŋ Darnde b t d k g kp gb Afrikaat ts tʃ dʒ Frikatiif f θ s h Lateraal Ko ina wona. l Cakaare Ko ina wona. r j w Wowel Yeeso Cakaare Caggal Toowɗo i ĩ u ũ Hakkunde e o Low ɛ ɛ̃ ɑ ɑ̃ ɔ ɔ
Agbirigba

**Agbirigba** ko kanndaa (walla argot) tuugiiɗo e ɗemngal Ogbakiri ɗemngal Naajeeriya Ikwerre mo Port Harcourt. Haalooɓe ina mbaɗi fotde capanɗe tati, ummoriiɓe e taƴre renndo tooñannde.

Agbirigba ko huunde nde haalooɓe Ikwerre woɗɓe ɓee paamataa, kono kuulal ngam ƴellitde ɗum ko huunde weeɓnde : alkulal t ina ɓeydee hade kala alkulal CV (walla, ko ɓuri laaɓtude, kala CV mora). Won e haalooɓe ina ɓeyda heen alkulal epentetik ngam feccude mbaydi alkule keɓtinaaɗe ɗee.

### Iwdi Ɓeydagol t ngol ina addana en ɓuuɓde alkule ɗe keɓataa e Ikwerre walla ɗemɗe nokkuuje goɗɗe. Won e haalooɓe ina mbiya Agbirigba e ɓuuɓri keɓtinaandi. Ngam haalooɓe ɓee mbaawa feccude ɗe e alkule, alkule ɗee fof ina toowi (gooto e alkule nay /i ɪ u ʊ/), ina nanndi e alkule garooje ɗee e ATR, caggal, nasal e tonngoode.
Koolondiral NCV wonta NtCV. Yeru, m̀fù ‘lugge’ wontata ko ǹtfù walla ǹtùfù.

Won heen caɗeele e ɗuum : so tawii alkulal gonngal les ngal ko /a/, tawa alaa sifaa ATR ngam alkulal epentetik ngal waawa yahdude, ndeen alkulal epentetik ngal wonata ko /i/ walla /u/ fawaade e, ko nanndi heen, so tawii alkulal gonngal les ngal ko coronal walla velar, so tawii tonngoode alkulal gonngal les ngal (so tawii ko CV walla CVV) ina yaaji (ummotoo walla fasde), ndeen huunde adannde e ndeen tonngoode yahdata ko e tonngoode epentetik.

### Yeruuji ńkétʃí vò ré ídʒí "Nkechi soodi yamre". wonta:
ńtkettʃí tvò tré ítdʒí
mala

### ńtíkétítʃí tùvò tíré ítídʒí Ɗoo noon alkule ɗee fof ko ATR, ɗum noon alkule epentetik ɗee ko /i/ walla /u/ fawaade e alkule garooje ɗee ko yeeso (/e/ walla /i/) walla caggal (/o/ walla /u/). Alaa t ko adii konngol-fuɗɗorde sillabic nasal e Nkechi walla konngol-fuɗɗorde vowel e iji, no hay gooto e maɓɓe wonaa sillabi CV.
ŋızɪ́ wṹ lêm "Ngozi maayi".
wonta:

ńtzɪ́ twṹ tlêm
mala

ńtʊ́tɪ́zɪ́ tṹwṹ tílèm
Ɗoo eɗen njogii heen alkule RTR e nofru. E tonngoode toownde–lesre dow lêm, elemen toowɗo oo ina wayloo e daande epentetik ngam tílèm.
Afade language

**Afade** (Afaɗə) ko ɗemngal Afro-Aasiyankeewal, kaaleteengal to fuɗnaange Naajeeriya e worgo hirnaange Kamaruun.

### Senngo Afade jeyaa ko e dental Biu-Mandara e galle ɗemɗe Afro-Asiyatik. Ina jiidi e ɗemɗe Kamaruunnaaɓe hono Mpade, Maslam, Malgbe, Mser, Lagwan.

### Peccitagol geɗe leydi Etnolooji Haalooɓe Afade ɓee ko ɓiɓɓe leydi Kotoko en leydi Kamerun e leydi Nijeer. E wiyde Ethnologue, to Kamerun, ina haalee e diiwaan Fuɗnaange woɗɗuɗo : diiwaan Logone-e-Chari, diiwaan Makari fuɗnaange, nokku Afade. 6 700 kaaloowo ɗemngal ngal ina kaala ɗemngal ngal. Leydi Naajeeriya, Haalooɓe Afade no haalooɓe 40 000 ha Diiwaan Borno, Ngala LGA, gure 12. Alaa ɗemɗe anndaaɗe.
Alkam (2012)
To leydi Kamerun, Afade ina haalee e bannge worgo komin Makari, hakkunde wuro Afade, ina yaaji haa Logone-Birni (departemaa Logone-et-Chari, diiwaan Fuɗnaange-rewo). Ko ɓuri haaleede ko e nder leydi Nijeer.

### Fonoloji Konnguɗi Dental Labial Alveolar Postalveolar Palatal Velaar Labial-velar Glotal Nofru m n Tenuis p t k kp ʔ Daande ɓuuɓnde b d ɟ ɡ ɡb ʔ Ejektif pfʼ t̪θʼ cʼ kʼ ɓ ɗ ɓuuɓɗo Frikatif f s ɬ ʃ h Resonnde l r j w Afade ina jogii limre mawnde e alkule, ina heen ejektif, implosif, e stop labial-velar. Alkule Afade ko /i u e ɤ o ɔ ɛ a ɑ/. /a/ ko yeeso, wonaa hakkunde.
Teskorɗe
 Afade to Etnologue (18ɓo, 2015) (ina ɗaɓɓi abonmaaji)
 Binam Bikoi, Karl, ed. (2012). Atlas ɗemɗe Kameruun (ALCAM) [Atlas ɗemɗe Kamerun]. Atlas ɗemɗe hakkundeeje Afrik (ALAC) (e ɗemngal Farayse). Vol. 1: Innde ɗemɗe. Yawunde: CERDOTOLA. ISBN 9789956796069.
 Bouny, P. 1977. Limto fonetik ɗemngal Kotoko: ɗemngal Mara. E nder Kaprile, Jean-Pierre (moƴƴinoowo), Janngirɗe Fonoloji Tschadiens, 59-77. Paris: Fedde jannde ɗemɗe e anthropologie Farayse.
Ellen Swift

**Ellen Swift** FSA ko ganndo ko faati e taariindi Angalteer, ko jannginoowo taariindi Room to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kent.[1][2]

Porofesoor Swift janngi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde arkewolosi, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde London ngam heɓde BA, MA, e PhD.[3]

Swift ko karallo ko faati e jaŋde pinal kaɓirɗe e nder winndere Room, ina heen geɗe ɓoornanteeri e geɗe kuutorteeɗe ina heen dice.[4][5] O suɓaama ngam wonde tergal e fedde annduɓe ko ɓooyi to Londres e lewru oktoobar 2005.[2] E hitaande 2001, batu arkewolosi romaan teoritik sosi goomu dartiingu ngam yuurnitaade batu nguu, tawi ina jeyaa heen Swift, Martin Carruthers, Carol van Driel-Murray, Andrew Gardner, Jason Lucas, e Louise Revell. Goomu nguu kadi ƴettii binndanɗe ngam yuɓɓinde batu nguu e hitaande 2001.[6]

## Binndanɗe
Jaawɗo, E. (2017). Artefakteeji e renndo Room: Design, jikkuuji e humpito. Oxford: Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Oxford.

Ɓoornugol, E. (2009). Style e golle e nder dekoraasiyoŋ Romaan: Wuurde e geɗe e nder. Farnham, Sure: Damal Ash.

Ɓoornugol, E. (2003). "Baylugo nder maana: Amber e gilaasi beads haa keerol Roman", Kuugal sappo e ɗiɗaɓal nder kawtal arkewolosi Roman, Canterbury 2002. 48–57. Doi:10.16995/TRAC2002_48_57 Uddit jokkorgal

Ɓoornugol, E. (2000). Diiwaanuuji e nder mbaydiiji ɓoornanteeri e nder hirnaange Roman cakkitiiɗo. Montagnac: Editions Monique Mergoil.

Ɓoornugol, E. (2000). Gagga laamu Room Hirnaange: Wiɗto Arkewolosi. Ɓoornugol: Tempus.

## Tuugnorgal
"Dr Ellen Swift Jannguɗo FSA e nder ganndal taariindi". Duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kent. Keɓtinaama ñalnde 24 feebariyee 2018.

"Reggindorde banndiraaɓe: Doktoor Ellen Swift". Fedde annduɓe ko ɓooyi to Londres. Keɓtinaama ñalnde 24 feebariyee 2018.

"Ellen Swift - Janngirɗe ɓooyɗe e arkewolosi". Duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kent. 29 mars 2021. Ƴeewtaa ko 3 oktoobar 2022.

Ɓoornugol, E. (2008). Kosam ɓoornanteeri Roman. Binndanɗe Shire.

Kosam ɗam, V. (20 feebariyee 2018). "Sifaa Diiseeji ɓooyɗi ina hollita waylude miijooji e nder hoddiro e fartaŋŋe". Atlantik. Keɓtinaama ñalnde 24 feebariyee 2018.

Karruteruuji, Martin; van Driyel Muray, Karol; Gardiiɗo, Andere; Lukaas, Jason; Revel, Luwis; Swift, Ellen (2002), «Aranndeere», e nder Carruthers, Martin; van Driyel Muray, Karol; Gardiiɗo, Andere; Lukaas, Jason; Revel, Luwis; Swift, Ellen (moƴƴinoowo), TRAC 2001: Koolol sappo e go’owol hitaande kala ko faati e arkewolosi Roomnaaɓe, vol. 11, hello iv, doggol 10.16995/TRAC2001_i_iv
Adara language

**Adara** (kañum ne Eda e Kadara), ko ɗemngal Adara'en jeyaaɓe e diiwaan Kaduna e diiwaan Niiseer e nder leydi Najeriya. Innde Adara ndee kadi ina huutoree ngam hollitde leñol ngol.

Won ciimtol ina hollita wonde keewal yimɓe Adara ina tolnoo e 500 000 neɗɗo. Fotde 80% e Adara en ko Kerecee’en won heen kadi ina njokki e Lislaam.

### Sendol Adara ɓuri haaleede ko e nokkuuji laamu Kachia e Kajuru e nokkuuji Chikun e Kagarko e nder diiwaan Kaduna. E nder Paikoro e Munya nokkuuji laamuuji nokkuuji e nder diiwaan Niger e nder diiwaan Middle Belt leydi Najeriya.
YIMƁE TEƊƊI HA ADARA: Mr. Williams Dogo, Banke mawɗo lesdi Naajeeriya, Stephen Manya, gonnooɗo komisinaajo INEC, Ibrahiima Alabura Katoh, hooreejo hukuumaaji pamari lesdi Kaduna, Pharm Patrick Maigara ngam Komisinaajo ngam njamu lesdi Kaduna, Dr Everton Peter Yari gonnooɗo komisinaajo ngam njamu , Mr Tom Maiyashi, Dr maiwada Raphael Galadima, Agom Adara III, Sani Magaji, gonnooɗo komisariyaajo polis diiwaan Ondo.

### Ɗemɗe Ɗemɗe ɗemngal Adara ina mbaɗi ɗemngal Adara, Eneje, Aada, Ekhwa, e Ajiya.: 1
Blench (2019) limti Eda, Edra, e Enezhe ko ɗemɗe.

### Fonoloji Konnguɗi : 3 Alveolar Labiyodental Bilaal Alveo-palatal Palatal Velaar Labiyal–velar Glotal Plosif p b t d [c] j k g kp gb Nofru m n ŋ Tappu ɾ F v s z ʃ ʒ [ɣ] h Afrikaat [bv] Ko ɓadii y w Bannge l Wowel: 2 Yeeso Cakaare Caggal Uddu i u Ko ɓadii-hakkunde e o Uddit-hakkunde ɛ ɔ Uddit a
Ɗemngal Abanyom

**Abanyom**, walla Bakor, ko ɗemngal e nder galle Ekoid to Niiseer–Kongo. Haalooɓe ɗemngal Abanyom nder diiwal *Cross River* lesdi Naajeeriya. Tergal fedde Bantoid Sud, Abanyom ina ɓadii no feewi ɗemɗe Bantu. Ko ɗum tonal, ina jogii kadi sifaa inɗe Niger–Kongo.

Abanyom kadi ko leñol/Ward e nder Ikom. Ina waɗi ɗeeɗoo Renndooji ; Edor, Abangork, Akumabal, Abinti, Nkim, Nkum, Nkarassi 11, Nkarassi 1, Abankang, Etikpe, e Nkonfap. Abankang ina wiyee yumma Abanyom.

## Firooji
Ajila Oorun

**Ooni Ajila Oorun** wonnoo ko Ooni 29ɓo Ife, laamɗo aadaaji ɓurɗo mawnude e Ile Ife, galle maamiraaɓe Yoruba en. O lomtii Ooni Omogbogbo, lomtii mo ko Ooni Adejinle.[1]
Ademiluyi Ajagun

**Ademiluyi Ajagun** woni Ooni 48 mo Ife, laamiiɗo aadaaji mawɗo mo Ile-Ife, wuro taaniraaɓe Yoruba'en. O jeyaa ko e laamɓe ɓurɓe hulɓineede, teddinaaɗo no feewi e nder Afrik e nder winndere ndee kala.[1] O lomtii Ooni Adekola, lomtii mo ko Ooni Adesoji Aderemi.[2]

## Nguurndam adanɗam
Adémilúyì, maanaa "korona am ina teddi", jibinaa ko hedde hitaande 1860 e nder galle laamɗo Lafogido, gooto e galleeji 4 laamu Ọ̀rànmíyàn, iwdi Oduduwa e Oranmiyan. O jeyaa kadi ko e iwdi Ọọni 31ɓo Ìfẹ̀, Otutubíọ̀ṣun.[3] O jibinaa ko laamɗo Adémákin e gooto e rewɓe makko, Òbítọ́lá. Ko kanko woni ɓiɗɗo ɗiɗaɓo e jibnaaɓe makko, banndiraaɓe makko ko Adésanyà, Jọláadépọ̀ (ɓiɗɗo debbo gooto), Adébọwálé, e Adéyẹyè.

### Laamu
Ooni Adémilúyì ko jaambaaro kulɓiniiɗo, dognoowo, demoowo ganndo. O woni ko e yahde e yah-ngartaa kulɓiniiɗo e nder leydi Èkìtì ɗo o warata daabaaji keewɗi ko wayi no liɗɗi, ƴiye, ƴiye, e ƴiye.[4] Sabu kulol makko e sifaaji makko keewɗi ceertuɗi, o woni Ọọni 48ɓo Ìfẹ̀. Ngam tabitinde njiimaandi Ìfẹ̀ no laamorgo ɓooyngo leñol *Yoruba*, Adémilúyì jokki jokkondiral tiiɗngal e laamɓe Angalteer e laamu George V. O wonti hooreejo njuɓɓudi laamu leydi ndii e hitaande 1912, e hitaande 1916, sariya ñaawirdu leydi ndii waɗi mo Jagorɗo. E laamu makko, o jaɓɓiima kadi wiɗtoowo Almaañnaajo biyeteeɗo Leo Frobenius to Ìfẹ̀ ɗo o waɗi wiɗtooji arkewolosi. Kono seppooji ummoriiɗi e Ìfẹ̀ ngujjaama e oon sahaa, no Wole Soyinka holliri e nder yeewtere mum Nobel 1986.[5] Nde Ooni Adémilúyì wonnoo dewondirɗo diine Yoruba, o wallitorii yaajnude juɓɓule diine e nder Ìfẹ̀ fof. Wonno ko miijooji teskinɗi wonde Ooni Adémilúyì ina yiɗi huutoraade doole sirlu, waylude e waylude wonta daabaaji ladde, ko heewi ko e lewru-ambushing e warde luutndiiɓe mum. E goonga, ina teskaa wonde kala nde jeyaaɓe e leydi ndii njiyti gite mum en walla njiyti daabaaji ladde ina taƴa, ina keewi wiyde wonde Ooni Adémilúyì ina rewa e golle bonɗeAdemiluyi Ajagun was the 48th Ooni of Ife,

#### Maayde e ndonu
Laamɗo (Ọba) maayi ko ñalnde 24 lewru juko hitaande 1930, tawi ina yahra e duuɓi 70.[6] Lomtii mo ko Adesoji Aderemi. Ọba Ademiluyi ina joginoo ko ina tolnoo e 47 debbo, ina wiyee ina joginoo ɓiɓɓe ko ina tolnoo e 70 haa 100.[7][8] Gooto e ɓiɓɓe makko worɓe ko laamɗo Okero Ademiluyi, gooto e ɓiɓɓe makko rewɓe ko laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Shijuade Elizabeth Adémilúyì ummoraade e gooto e rewɓe makko Adefolawe.[9] E nder pinal yimɓe, natal biyeteengal "Mona Lisa Afriknaajo",[10] ina wiyee ina hollira taaniiko debbo Ọba Ademiluyi.[11] Ina jeyaa e taaniraaɓe laamɗo oo ɓurɓe teskeede, Ifedayo-Emmanuel Adeyefa-Olasupo, ganndo Yoruba jibinaaɗo to Angalteer, sosɗo Figbox, [12] [13] e *Ronke Ademiluyi-Ogunwusi* debbo 5ɓo Ooni 51 mo Ife.
Antonia Jane Reobone

**Antonia Jane Reobone Syson** (23 lewru feebariyee 1973 - 25 lewru mars 2018) ko ganndo ko faati e ganndal ɓooyɗo, Biritaan-Ameriknaajo, keɓtinaaɗo e janngugol deftere Virgil wiyeteende Aeneid.[1][2]

## Nguurndam adanɗam
Antonia jibinaa ko to leydi Botswana nde baaba mum John wonnoo binndoowo keeriiɗo to hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Sir Seretse Khama, yumma mum Lucy ina waɗa wiɗtooji ko faati e ƴellitaare ladde ngam Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe. Syson en ngarti to leydi Angalteer e hitaande 1973 ɗo Antonia janngi duɗal leslesal Hungerford e duɗal sukaaɓe rewɓe Camden. E hitaande 1991 Antonia yahi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Magdalen, Oxford ngam janngude ganndal ɓooyngal e les njiimaandi Oliver Taplin hade mum, e hitaande 1995, ƴettude doktoraa mum e ganndal ganndal to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaliforni, to Berkeley. Antonia yetti jannginooɓe mum Latin to Camden e Birmingham ngam wallude mo ƴellitde jokkondiral makko duumingal e Classics.

## Kugal
Tesis makko e hitaande 2003, mo Kathleen McCarthy ardii, tiitoonde mum ko “Jaŋngude ngam deftere: Ganndal, muñal, e daartol diineeji Vergil’s Aeneid”. Caggal nde o heɓi bak makko o waɗi hitaande wootere to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Northwestern, o woni jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Mellon, hade makko yahde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Chicago, o woni jannginoowo e ɗemngal Latin (2004-2006), caggal ɗuum o to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Dartmouth, o woni jannginoowo e ɗemngal ɓooyngal (2006-2008). 1] E hitaande 2008, o naati e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Purdue, to Indiana.[2] E hitaande 2014 o artiraa e jappeere professeur associé e tenure.[1]

## Suɓo binndanɗe
Syson, A. 2009. "Jibaaɗo ngam haalde: Hakkille e tagoore e nder kaaldigal Tacitus dow haalooɓe", Aretusa 42(1). 45-75.

Syson, A. 2012. "Jaŋngude Aeneid e almuɓɓe Latin hakkundeeji", Jannginde ɗemɗe ɓooyɗe 4(1). 44-63.

Syson, A. 2013. Fama e fijirde e nder Eneid Vergil. Jaaynde duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ohio.

Syson, A. 2017. "Harpiiji mbonɗi e ganndal fenaande e nder deftere mum tatiire nde Philip Pullman winndi e geɗe niɓɓiɗe". e nder Stevens, B. e Rogers, B. (eds) Aadaaji ɓooyɗi e nder fannuuji jamaanu. Oksford. 233-249.

## Tuugnorgal
"E nder siftorde: Antonia Sison". Renndo ngam janngude ko fayti e ganndal. Keɓtinaama ñalnde 9 noowammbar 2018.

Lawrens, A. (24 suwee 2018). "Maayde Antonia Sison". Gardiiɗo oo. Keɓtinaama ñalnde 9 noowammbar 2018.
Usman Nagogo

**Alhaji Sir Usmaan Nagogo dan Muhammadu Dikko KBE CMG[1]** (1905 – 18 mars 1981) ko emiir Katsina[2] (Sarkin Katsina) tuggi 19 mee 1944, haa nde o maayi. Ko o fulɓe jeyaaɗo e leñol Sullubawa, o lomtii baaba makko Muhammadu Dikko e laamu, lomtii mo ko ɓiyiiko biyeteeɗo Muhammadu Kabir Usmaan.

## Jaangirde
Nagogo fuɗɗi jaŋde mum ko e les njiimaandi ganndo lislaam biyeteeɗo Attahiru, jannginoowo Emir garoowo oo e miñi mum to nokku Katsina, Gambarawa. O fuɗɗi jaŋde makko leslesre ko e hitaande 1921 to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Katsina,[3] kono o taƴaama e njillu baaba makko to Angalteer, ɗo ɓe ɗiɗo fof kawri e laamɗo George V mo leydi Angalteer.[4] O heɓi bak makko e duɗal diiwaan oo e hitaande 1923, caggal ɗuum o janngini toon fotde lebbi jeegom.[3]

## Golle politik e laamu
Nagogo toɗɗaa e jappeere hooreejo polis laamu leydi ndii e hitaande 1929 ; e nder laamu makko o yaajtinii departemaa polis, o mahdi galleeji kesi, o ƴetti ofiseeji goɗɗi. E hitaande 1937, o wonti hooreejo diiwaan Katsina.[3]

Nagogo ko Arthur Richards, guwerneer Fuɗnaange Naajeeriya, toɗɗii ɗum e dow laabi laamu, hono Emir sappoɓo Katsina, ñalnde 19 lewru Mbooy hitaande 1944, hay so tawii noon ko kanko lomtii baaba makko maayɗo oo e laamu nguu e lewru marse. E oon hitaande kadi, o yilliima Angalteer, Ejipt, Inndo, e Birmaani ; to Birmaani, o hawri e Najeriyanaaɓe e nder konu keeriijo laamɗo hirnaange Afrik[3] (haɓooɓe ngam leydi Angalteer e nder fedde Chindits).

Ñalnde 12 lewru bowte hitaande 1946, laamɗo biyeteeɗo Joorge VI mo Angalteer toɗɗii mo jaagorde fedde koloñaal. O woniino jaagorde diiwaan mo alaa portfolio[5] tuggi 1952 haa kuudetaa militeer 1966,[3] mo gooto e ɓiɓɓe makko, Hassan Katsina tawtoraa.[6]

Nguurndam hooreejo fedde Polo Naajeeriya, Nagogo jeyaa ko e ardinooɓe polo Naajeeriya;[3] haa hitaande 2002, handicap makko +7 ko haa jooni ɓurɗo toowde e kala Afriknaajo.[7] O wonnoo ko e sahaa gooto hooreejo fedde diine juulɓe wiyeteende Jama’atu Nasril Islaam (JNI).[8]
Umaru Nagwamatse

**Umaru Nagwamatse e Abu Bakr Atiku** (hedde 1806 – 1876) woni sosɗo e laamɗo gadano (Sarkin Sudaan) Emira Kontagora.[1] Ko o taaniiko Usmaan dan Fodio e ɓiy sultan tataɓo kalifaandi Sokoto, hono sultan Abuu Bakri Atiku.[2]

## Ngendam
Nagwamatse sosi Emiraaji Kontagora e hitaande 1864. O wonti laamɗo Emiraaji ɗii e ɓiɓɓe makko ɗiɗo ; Modibo e Ibraahiima.[3] O anndanooma no feewi e Sarkin Sudan, ɗum firti ko "Laamɗo ɓaleeɓe" kadi ko kanko woni gadano e nder galle laamu Sokoto Fulani e nder diiwaan Fuɗnaange leydi Najeriya ngam laamaade. Nagwamatse ko ɓiy sappoɓo Sultan Abubakar Atiku, jeyaaɗo e galle laamu Dan Fodio to Sokoto.[4][5][6]

## Sarkin Sudaan Kontagora
Innde ‘Kontagora’ ndee ummii ko nde almuɓɓe Umaru Nagwamatse mbiyi “Mu kwantar da goranmu mu ɗebi ruwa”, e ɗemngal Hausa, firti ko ‘en poti ko ɓuuɓnude gora/butel men ngam ƴettude ndiyam e nder maayo wooto’.[ 7] Wuro Kontagora sosi ɗum ko Umaru Nagwamatse caggal hareeji keewɗi e leƴƴi Kambari, Kamunku, Gwari e Dukkawa e ndeen nokku hakkunde 1842 - 1859. Ngal fuɗɗii soseede ko ribat e sahaa dille Jihaadi Sokoto Kalifaandi Sokoto. E hitaande 1859, Ahmadu Atiku, miñiiko, ƴetti jappeere laamu, hono Sarkin Musulmi. Ndeen o jaɓii haa timmi leydi ndi Umaru Nagwamatse tagi ndii, o rokki ɗum tiitoonde Sarkin Sudaan Kontagora.[7]
Dominic Yahaya

**Dominic Gambo Yahaya** (jibinaa ko 10 lewru Yarkomaa 1950) woni laamiiɗo hannde mo Atyap Chiefdom, lesdi Naajeeriya nder lesdi Kaduna, lesdi Naajeeriya. O anndiraa ko tiitoonde Agwatyap III.

## Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol
Yahaya jibinaa ko Taligan, Atyapland, e nder diiwaan Fuɗnaange mo alaa ɗo haaɗi, leydi Nijeer (hannde ko diiwaan Kaduna, leydi Nijeer) ñalnde 10 lewru Yarkomaa 1950.[3][5]

O fuɗɗii jaŋde makko ko e hitaande 1958, o naati duɗal leslesal St. Pius (jooni LEA) to Taligan (Magamia) hakkunde 1958 e 1964 ; Duɗal hakkundeewal St. Mary (hono laamu hannde), Fadan Kaje hakkunde 1965 e 1969 ; Kolleeji Barewa, Zaria hakkunde 1970 e 1971. Caggal ɗuum o naati jaŋde toownde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ahmadu Bello, Zaria hakkunde 1972 e 1975, o heɓi ɗoon seedantaagal B.Sc. (Hon.), Division toownde ɗiɗmere e nder geɗe leydi e hakkunde 1977 e 1979, heɓi M.Sc. e nder Pewnugol Wuro e Diiwanuuji ummoraade e duɗal gootal.[3][5] O tawtoraama kadi kursuuji, golle e seminaaji keewɗi e nder galle makko e nder leydi Najeriya e caggal leydi.[5]

Yahaya resi debbo biyeteeɗo Justina ñalnde 30 noowammbar 1979.[3]
Zubeiru bi Adama

**Zubayru, Zubeiru walla Zubayru bin Aadamaa** (maayiru 1903) ko laamɗo Emiraat Aadamaawa mo baaba mum, Modibo Aadama sosi. Nde o arti e jappeere laamu e hitaande 1890, emiraat oo ina hulɓinii Almaañnaaɓe, Faraysenaaɓe e Engele en. Zubairu etinooma "golle ɗe ngalaa yaakaare, hay so tawii ko ɗe ruuhu" ngam haɓaade Oropnaaɓe ustude emiraat oo.[1]

## Ngendam
Laamu makko leefnii sabu wolde nde o waɗdunoo e Hayatu ibn Sa’id, caggal ɗuum etaade haɓaade Kompañi Laamɗo Niiseer e njuɓɓudi laamu Angalteer e gardagol Frederick Lugard. E hitaande 1901 o dogi o dogi Yola, o wonti jom doole en.[2]

E nder ɓataake makko feewde e Sultan Abdur Rahman Atiku, o hollitii wonde o riiwtii hoore makko e Yola e juuɗe Angalteer, o fodani

Mi wonataa yeesooji ɗiɗi, bannge maa e bannge Kerecee’en kadi. Alkawal am ko e maa, e Geno e Annabi, caggal maa e Imaam Mahdi. Alaa ko woni e goongɗinaani hay caggal nde jolɗe ɗee njippii.

Zubairu jokki fodoore mum, o jokki e haɓaade Angalteer e Almaañ fof haa o waraa e saraaji Gudu, tawi ina wiyee ko "pagan en", ɓe njuumti e mbaydi makko, lebbi sappo e jeetati caggal nde o dogi yaltude laamorgo makko.[3]

## Wade
Nde o woni to Almaañ Adamawa caggal nde o riiwaa e Yola, Lamido Zubairu haɓi e Almaañnaaɓe e nokkuuji keewɗi. Garwa ina jeyanoo e ɗeen nokkuuje. Caggal nde o suuɗii fotde lebbi jeegom e nder yimɓe Adumri, o yani toon garrison Almaañ e ballal yimɓe nokku oo. O haɓi kadi e maɓɓe to Marwa e ballal yimɓe nokku oo no feewi e wallude Zubairu e heɓde caɗeele teeŋtuɗe no feewi. Lamido Zubairu e mawɗo Marwa biyeteeɗo Lamido Ahmadu eggii Madagali. Almaañnaaɓe nanngi mo, mbaɗi hare. Caggal nde o foolaa, o hooti Aadamaa Angalteer e lewru Oktoobar 1902. O rewi e Gudu, wuro ngo wonaa Fulɓe to worgo Song. Nde o woni toon ndee, omo renndina kaayitaaji propagande « waɗde ko o waawi fof ngam wuurtinde Fulɓe mbele ummoo ». O woni toon ko ina ɓura lebbi joy hade Biritaan en zerondirde e makko. Angalteer nguli wuro Gudu kono o dañii daɗde e nguurndam makko. Caggal mum o waraa ko Lala at Go, ɗiɗaɓo oo anndaa ko o woni.[4]
Nnofo royal lineage

Suudu **Nnofo** woni laamu laamiiɗo Laamu Nnewi, laamu lesdi ndi jeyaa nder hukuuma laamu Naajeeriya nder Naajeeriya.[1] Laamu laamu Nnofo ɓuri wonde ko e Otolo. E nder geese tati keddiiɗe ɗee Nnewi, batte laamɗo Nnofo ina nanndi kono seeɗa no feewi – ngonka ka ummorii ko e wonde mawɓe e nder ɗeen geese ina njogii koye mum en. Iwdi laamɗo ina jogii darnde mawnde e nder renndooji Igbo keewɗi ; laamu e jawdi ina keewi ummoraade e lineer. E nder leƴƴi ɗi nganndu-ɗaa ko laamɗo gooto, ƴiiƴam ndonaandi laamɓe (ɓe yahooɓe Oropnaaɓe adanɓe cifotoo ko laamɓe, laamɓe, laamɓe ekn, e kuutoragol kelme laamu Orop) ina mbaɗa laamu.[2]