The Feminist Writers' Guild

**Fedde winndooɓe rewɓe** ko fedde Ameriknaare rewɓe ummoriinde Berkeley, Kaliforni, nde Mary Mackey, Adrienne Rich, Susan Griffin, Charlene Spretnak e Valerie Miner cosi ɗum. Sosaa ko e hitaande 1978, fedde ndee ɓuri anndeede ko e jaaynde ngenndiire. Ɓe njiɗnoo ko ɓeydude dille rewɓe e darorɗe kitaale 1970, e sosde lowre tiiɗnde ngam rewɓe winndooɓe mbaawa jokkondirde e wallitde koye mum en. Ɓe ƴelliti golle rewɓe tawa ina ƴeewa duuɓi mum en, tolno mum en, leñol mum en e ɓure mum en e jokkondiral. FWG ina yaltina laabi tati e nder hitaande rewrude e sarwiis abonmaaji, ina jaɓɓoo cogguuji mum en wonande rewɓe ɓe ngalaa golle walla ɓe ngalaa kaalis.

E wiyde yeewtere nde o waɗdunoo e Dodie Bellamy, meeɗnooɗo jeyeede e fedde nde, heewɓe e terɗe fedde nde ko rewɓe miskineeɓe e alɗuɓe fof—hono no "renndo Marxist" nii. Bellamy wiyi kadi o tawi omo darii e cuuɗi e rewɓe heewɓe teskinaaɓe ko wayi no Susan Griffin sabu Guild.

## Iwdiiji
E wiyde winndannde yaltunde e jaaynde wiyeteende Femme’s *Studies Quarterly* nde Freedman e Rosaldo mbinndi, fedde winndooɓe rewɓe fuɗɗorii ko fedde adannde to Berkeley, Kaliforni, caggal ɗuum fedde to New York ; e kitaale 1980 fedde winndooɓe rewɓe ina joginoo ko ina ɓura 1000 tergal e 16 fedde nokkuure. Tergal e kitaale 1980 ina yoɓee fotde dolaaruuji sappo e ɗiɗi wonande terɗe, tawi tawtoraaɓe ɓe ngalaa kaalis ina poti yoɓde feccere tan e njoɓdi terɗe. Dubois hollitii wonde, “FWG ina woodi ngam ƴellitde golle denndaangal rewɓe e winndooɓe feministe en tawa ina jeyaa heen denndaangal leƴƴi tokoosi e nder duuɓi, e nder renndo, e nder leñol, e nder ɓurondiral; E wiyde yimoowo e bayyinoowo biyeteeɗo David Grundy, luulndiiɗo Fedde Winndooɓe Rewɓe ko Fedde Winndooɓe Rewɓe, fedde sosaande e hitaande 1975 sabu « hareeji to Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde San Francisco State ngam ɓeydude jannginooɓe rewɓe e naatnude rewɓe winndooɓe e nder jaŋde ».

## ''Tensions'' ko faati e leñol e kalaas
Ɓeen ñaawooɓe « Guilde des écrivains féministes » ina tuuma wonde fedde ndee ina ɓalee no feewi. Yeru, Dodie Bellamy hollitii wonde “Heewɓe e terɗe fedde ndee ko gollotooɓe e miskineeɓe, kono rewɓe alɗuɓe ina keewi kadi.” Winndiyanke e golloowo biyeteeɗo Gloria Anzaldúa, hollitaama ina jeyaa e ɗeen pelle ɗiɗi kala. E nder winndannde makko nde o winndi e jaaynde wiyeteende Journal on Narrative Theory, Grundy ƴetti konngol Anzaldúa ngol o haali ko fayti e fedde winndooɓe rewɓe :

“Mi tawii ndee renndo tokooso winndooɓe rewɓe to San Francisco, Oakland e Berkeley [...] ina woɗɗi no feewi rewɓe ɓaleeɓe. Ɓe taƴii kam nde ngon-mi e haalde ndee, walla caggal nde njoofnu-mi ɓe ciftini ko kaal-mi jooni koo e fawaade e miijooji maɓɓe e miijooji maɓɓe wonde enen fof en ngalaa pinal sabu en ngalaano pinal goɗɗal. Kono ɓe meeɗaa woppude ɓaleejo maɓɓe e galle.

E nder winndannde makko jowitiinde e binndol ruuhu Anzaldúa, winndiyanke biyeteeɗo Christopher Tirres ina yaaji e humpito Anzaldúa e fedde winndooɓe rewɓe, o siftini yeewtereeji makko bayyinaaɗi. O naati heen ndeeɗoo haala : « Tuggi 1977 haa 1981, o hoɗi ko e nokku biyeteeɗo San Francisco Bay Area, ɗo o naati e fedde winndooɓe rewɓe, o ardii golle binndol keewɗe ko fayti e rewɓe Aduna Tataɓo, geɗe kalaas, walla tooñannge (Anzaldúa, Yeewtere 57).”

## Konnguɗi e nder Poosuuji Men
E hitaande 1985, winndiyanke biyeteeɗo Celeste West yaltinii deftere wiyeteende *Words in Our Pockets*: Deftere Fedde Winndooɓe Feministe en, ko fayti e no njaltirtee e yoɓeede. (Ndeen winndannde ina waawi soodeede haa jooni e Amazon.[citation needed]) Ko ɓuri haawnaade heen, ko gooto e binndanɗe Gloria Anzaldúa, “Haalde e ɗemɗe: ɓataake feewde e winndooɓe rewɓe winndere tataɓere” adii yaltude e ndee deftere, e wiyde wiɗtoowo biyeteeɗo Catherine H. Palczediders e nder winndannde mum: Gloria Anzaldúa ‘haalde e ɗemɗe: ɓataake feewde e winndooɓe rewɓe winndere 3ɓo’, yaltunde e jaaynde jokkondiral fuɗnaange. Binndol ngol yalti caggal ɗuum e nder Ooɗoo Ponndol ina wiyee ɓalewol am e Haaldude e koye men: Rewɓe Fuɗnaange. E wiyde Palczewski, ɗeen nokkuuje bayyinaango “ina ngadda ɓataake oo e yimɓe ɓurɓe yaajde e innde mum e tiitoonde mum.”

## Jokkondiral goɗɗal e winndooɓe rewɓe
Winndooɓe rewɓe seeɗa ina limtaa e jokkondiral e *The Feminist Writers Guild*, kono winndooɓe rewɓe heewɓe ina ciftora jokkondiral e jokkondiral e nder dingiral gootal e ɓeen ɓe nganndu-ɗaa ina keewi, ina njokkondiri e ndee fedde. Yeru, porfeseer e yimoowo biyeteeɗo Batya Weinbaum, nde winndi heen winndannde e batu OLOC (Lesbiyan en ɓooyɓe yuɓɓinɓe waylo-waylo) e hitaande 2015, o siftinii jokkondiral makko e Adrienne Rich rewrude e fedde winndooɓe rewɓe, nde o yillotoo wuro New York. Winndiyanke e yimoowo biyeteeɗo Danielle Notaro ko binndoowo goɗɗo teskinaaɗo e nder fedde winndooɓe rewɓe e kitaale 1980 ; Notaro wayi ko no jokkondirɗo e golle binndol keewɗe jokkondirɗe e guilde ndee. Weinbaum siftinii Danielle Notaro wonde « tergal gadanal e nder fedde winndooɓe rewɓe yahruɓe yeeso e jogaade teddungal keewngal ko wayi no naalanke konngol haalaaɗo ɓurɗo teeŋtude to Lehigh, PA e hitaande 2019 » no Weinbaum winndirta binndanɗe mum binndanɗe ngam mooftude FemSpec e hitaande 2019 e fedde winndooɓe rewɓe feeñii e winndannde juutnde nde winndiyanke Chicago biyeteeɗo S. L. Wisenberg winndi. E nder winndannde makko tiitoonde « Meksik e dow 15 dolaar ñalawma kala », Weisenberg siftinii wonde fedde winndooɓe rewɓe ina moofta defte ngam waɗde kasoo *Cook County*. Hay so tawii won siftorde seeɗa e Guild ina golloo haa jooni, jokkondiral e who's who winndooɓe feminist en e teeminannde 21ɓiire ina wayi no ina heewi e jaayndeeji lolluɗi .

Fedde nde ina heewi gollodaade e binndanɗe rewɓe goɗɗe ko wayi no Lewru 13—mo Ellen Marie Bissert, winndiyanke mum, wonnoo kadi tergal Fedde nde.

## Tuugnorgal