London Charterhouse

**Suudu Charterhouse** to Londres ko galle daartol gonɗo e nder wuro Clerkenwell, to Londres, ko ina wona teeminannde 14ɓiire. Nde jogii ko leydi to fuɗnaange Charterhouse Square, nde woni ko e nder wuro Londres wiyeteengo Islington. Nde mahaa ko e fuɗɗoode (e nde ƴetti innde mayre) e nder priory Carthusien, sosaande e hitaande 1371 e nokku ɗo Black Death wirnaa ɗoo. Caggal nde priory oo fusi e hitaande 1537, o mahiraa gila 1545 ngam wontude gooto e cuuɗi mawɗi ladde Tudor London. E hitaande 1611, jeyi oo soodaa ko Thomas Sutton, jom njulaagu e « jom jawdi en ɓurɓe alɗude e nder Angalteer », o sosi duɗal sukaaɓe e galle sadak mawɓe. Galle sadaka oo ina heddii e golle haa hannde, tawi duɗal ngal artiraa ko e hitaande 1872 to Godalming, Surrey.

Hay so tawii pecce keewɗe ina nguuri gila e jamaanu monastik, ko ɓuri heewde e mahaaɗe dariiɗe ɗee ko e jamaanu Tudor. Nii woni, hannde, nokku oo "ina holla miijo laaɓtungo e sifaa galle mawɗo mo teeminannde 16ɓiire, meeɗnooɗo wonde e nder Londres fof".[1]

Tariya

Suudu Charter e hitaande 1770
Ardiiɗo
E hitaande 1348, Walter Manny renndini leydi 13 ektaar (5,3 ha) to Spital Croft, to fuɗnaange Long Lane, ummoraade e Jaagorgal e Banndiraaɓe to opitaal St Bartholomew ngam waɗde yanaande e ɓuuɓri ñawu nguu wonande wonduɓe e ñawu nguu. Kapel e hermitage mahaa, inniraa ko New Church Haw ; kono e hitaande 1371 ndii leydi rokkaama ngam sosde dewal kartusiyankeewal e innde "Galle salminaango yumma Alla"[2] E ɗemngal Engele, dewal kartusiyankeewal wiyetee ko "Charterhouse" (ina ummii e Grande). Chartreuse, woni suudu dewal asliwal), nden boo suudu dewal Carthusian haa London wi'etee "Suudu Charterhouse London". No aadaaji Kartusiyankooɓe nii, rewɓe capanɗe joyi ɓee gooto fof ina jogii galle mum tokooso e werla mum. Thomas More arii e dewal ngam heɓde cellal ruuhu.[3]

Monastery oo uddaama e hitaande 1537, e nder diisnondiral Monasteruuji ɗii e sahaa Reformaasiyoŋ Angalteer. No ɓe ndartorii wiyde Henri VIII ko hooreejo Eklesiya, terɗe renndo ngoo mbaɗti ɗum ko no feewi : Prior, John Houghton ndartinaama, ndartinaa, ndartinaa to Tyburn e rewɓe sappo nawtaa to kasoo Newgate saraaji mum ; nayo e ɓeeɗoo worɓe mbaraama e heege, sappoɓo oo waraa ko duuɓi tati caggal ɗuum to Tower Hill. Ɓe ngoni ko e fedde anndiraande « Martyrs Carthusiens » to Londres.[4]

Galle Tudor

Saal mawɗo oo
Duuɓi keewɗi caggal nde priory oo fusi, terɗe galle Bassano waɗooɓe kuutorɗe ina njeyaa e jom en cuuɗi monk en ɓooyɗi ɗii, tawi Henri VIII ina moofti kaɓirɗe dogdu e nder eklesiya.[5] E hitaande 1545, nokku oo fof soodaa ko e juuɗe Sir Edward (caggal ɗuum Lord) North (hedde 1496-1564), o wayli nokku oo, o waɗti ɗum galle mawɗo. North yani ekklessiya man, o mahi suudu mawndu e suudu mawndu wonndu e mum.[1] E hitaande 1558, e nder laamu North, laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Elizabeth I huutoriima galle oo e nder peewnugol laamu mum.[6]

Caggal maayde North, Thomas Howard, laamɗo 4ɓo Norfolk, soodi jeyi oo, o inniri ɗum Howard House. E hitaande 1570, caggal nde o nanngaa e kasoo to Tower Londres sabu makko feewnude resde Mary, laamɗo leydi Ecoppi, Norfolk waɗtaa e kasoo to Charterhouse. O huutorii sahaa makko ko e ɓamtude galle oo, o mahi heen tergal juutngal e nder wertallo ngoo (mo wuuri ko "Norfolk Cloister") ina yahra e nokku tennis.[1] E hitaande 1571, naatgol Norfolk e nder fedde Ridolfi feeñninaama caggal nde ɓataake cifaaɗo ummoraade e Mary yiytaa e les ŋoral damal galle oo ; o waraa ko hitaande rewtunde ndee.[7]

Jeyi oo rewi ko e juuɗe ɓiy Norfolk, biyeteeɗo Thomas Howard, 1ɓo leydi Suffolk. E nder laamu makko, James I waɗi toon ñaawoore balɗe tati e naatgol makko gadanol to Londres e hitaande 1603.[8][9]

Suudu sadaka e duɗal

Yi’annde suudu Charter ittaama diga Green, hitaande 1813
E lewru mee 1611 nde naati e juuɗe Tomaas Sutton (1532-1611) mo Knaith, Lincolnshire. O toɗɗaa ko Master of Ordnance to bannge worgo, o dañi ngalu keewngu e yiytude kuuraa e nder estaaduuji ɗiɗi ɗi o renndini saraaji Newcastle upon Tyne, caggal ɗuum, nde o ummii to Londres, o jokki golle njulaagu. Ko adii nde o maayata ñalnde 12 desaambar ndeen hitaande, o rokki opitaal to nokku Charterhouse, o inniri ɗum opitaal King James ; e nder wasiyya makko o wasiyii kaalis ngam jogaade jumaa, opitaal (saadaka) e duɗal.[10]

E nder haala opitaal Sutton,[11] wasiya makko ina luulndii no feewi kono o jaɓaama e nder ñaawirdu, ɗum firti ko sosiyetee oo sosaa ko ngam rokkude galle capanɗe jeetati worɓe pension (« jaagorɗe e iwdi e nder baasal, soldateeɓe jogiiɓe kaɓirɗe e maayo walla... leydi, njulaagu bonngu e njulaagu walla njulaagu laana, walla gollooɓe e nder galle laamɗo walla laamɗo debbo"), e jannginde sukaaɓe capanɗe nayo.[10]

Charterhouse fuɗɗiima sosde innde moƴƴere e toppitagol e safrude safrirde, yettoore e nder heen ko Henry Levett, M.D., janngoowo Oxford, naatɗo e duɗal ngal ko p