open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Emiliana Escalada

**Emiliana Escalada** (1884-1962) ko farmasiyanke, jannginoowo, debbo e hooreejo senndikaa Paraguwaay.

## '''Ngendam'''
Emiliana Escalada jibinaa ko to Koronel Oviedo e hitaande 1884. O lomtii Paraguwaay e batu gadano hakkunde leyɗeele jannginooɓe, yuɓɓinaangu to Montevideo. O sankii ko ñalnde 29 lewru marse hitaande 1962.

## '''Tuugnorgal'''
Mitra Farazandeh

**Mitra Farazandeh** (e ɗemngal Perse; میترا فرازنده ; jibinaa ko hedde 1976) ko naalanke Iraannaajo, daraniiɗo ŋakkeende cellal, naalanke yiyoowo.

## '''Nguurndam'''
Mitra Farazandeh jibinaa ko wuro Tālesh to worgo-fuɗnaange leydi Iraan. Omo jogii mboros ɓanndu.O hoɗi ko e wuro wiyeteengo Hashtpar (wuro Talesh) e nder diiwaan Gilan to leydi Iraan.

Farazandeh ina ɗaɓɓi yiyteede yiɗde jokkondire hakkunde rewɓe wonduɓe e caɗeele.O winndi ko fayti e waasde nan'de neɗɗo sabu ŋakkeende ɓanndu makko e haɓaade ngam anndude haaju makko e yiɗde;e no ɓanndu makko ɓanndu nduu waɗiri miijooji fenaande wonde o alaa haajuuji jokkondiral. O dañata nguura ko e yeeyde nate makko e nate makko.

E hitaande 2018, Farazandeh woni ko e doggol 100 rewɓe ɓurɓe waawde e nder winndere nde, ɓe BBC rokki ɓe njeenaari.

## '''Ƴeew kadi'''
 Disability rights movement

## '''Tuugnorgal'''
Jessie Fergusson

**Jessie Fergusson** ko debbo Ecoppinaajo, mo o suɓii. O waɗii darnde tiiɗnde e nder seppo renndo, o woniino kadi binndoowo fedde Glasgow nde Fedde Suɓngooji Liggotooɓe nde nde fuɗɗii soseede.

## '''Golle'''
Fergusson ina jeyaa e ardiiɓe caggal seppo renndo to Glasgow e hitaande 1915. Ko adii seppo ngoo, Fedde Rewɓe Koɗki Glasgow sosaa, nde Fergusson wonnoo tergal tiiɗngal. Seppo ngoo waɗii faayiida. Nde waɗi ko sariya kuuɓtodinɗo renndo, wiyɗo wonde renndo ngo waawataa ɓeydeede gila e toɓɓe 1914 so wonaa tawa tolno jeyi oo ɓeydaama.

## '''Tuugnorgal'''
Georgina Fletcher

**Georgina Fletcher**, ko Españoolnaajo, binndoowo, naalanke, daraniiɗo hakkeeji rewɓe, jooɗiiɗo to Kolommbi e fuɗɗoode teeminannde 20ɓiire.

O wonti wakiliijo Kolommbi e nder Ligue internationale des femmes ibérienne et américaine latine e hitaande 1924. O woniino piilaaɗo e dille rewɓe Kolommbi, kadi ko kanko woni hooreejo fedde nde e nder kitaale 1920, 1930 e 1940.

## '''Defte'''
Mujer Kolommbi (1928)

Ɗemɗe mawɗe de la raza latina (1927)

## '''Tuugnorgal'''
Kabane

**Kabane** (姓) ko tiitooɗe tedduɗe roneteeɗe Japon. Kuutoragol majji ina yahra e jamaanu ɓooyɗo nde ɗi puɗɗii huutoreede no tiitooɗe maantinirɗe leñol politik e renndo.

## Tariya
E fuɗɗoode, kabaneeji ɗii ko leƴƴi gooto gooto njuɓɓinta ɗi, kono haa jooni ɗi ngari ko e juuɗe ñaawirdu laamɗo Yamato. No golle denndingol ngenndiwal ñaawirdu nduu yahri nii, kabane ina rokka galleeji ɓurɗi doole ɗii, seeɗa-seeɗa wonti tiitoonde teddunde ndonaandi, kesi ina sosee. Ko ina wona capanɗe tati e maɓɓe. Won e kabaneeji ɓurɗi heewde ko Omi (臣), Muraji (連), Sukune (宿禰), Kuni no Miyatsuko (国造), Kimi (君; walla 公), Atai (直), Fubito (史), Agatanushi (県主), e Suguri (滑).

Iwdi suudu laamiiɗo Japon (皇別, kōbetsu) hokkaama Omi e iwdi laamɓe (神別, shinbetsu) hokkaama Muraji. E nder ɗeen, ɓesnguuji ɓurɗi teeŋtude ɗii ndokkaama Ōomi e Ōmuraji.

Galle laamɗo Yamato wonti galle ɓurɗo doole e nder njuɓɓudi kabane, hay so tawii noon e nder teeminannde 6ɓiire caggal jibineede Iisaa, limre ardiiɓe woɗɓe, heewɓe e darnde toownde Omi e Muraji, won heen ina njuɓɓina laamɓe Yamato.Ngolɗoo dinamiik doole wonti gooto e semmbeeji mbayliigu Taika e hitaande 64.

E nder ndeeɗoo feere, kabane nattii jokkondirde e golle keertiiɗe walla darnde politik, kono tan fuɗɗiima hollirde iwdi aristokraasi galle e ngonka renndo. Kabaneeji gonɗi ɗii kadi njuɓɓinaama e nder njuɓɓudi kabaneeji jeetati ( 八色の姓, yakusa no kabane ) tawi ko Mahito, Ason, Sukune, Imiki [ja] (忌寸), Michinoshi [ja] (道師), Omi, Muraji, Inagi [粮ja] (粨ja). Omi en doole e oon sahaa ndokkaama kabane Ason, woni ɗiɗmo e les njiimaandi kesiri ndii, ko ɓuri heewde e Muraji en ndokkaama kabane Sukune, woni tataɓo.House laamɗo Yamato wonti galle ɓurɗo doole e nder system kabane, hay so tawii e nder teeminannde 6ɓiire, ardiiɓe woɗɓe, heewɓe e darnde toownde Omi e Muraji, sahaa e sahaa fof ina ɓuuɓna laamɓe Yamato.Ngoo doole dinamiik wonti gooto e semmbeeji fedde Taika e hitaande 684.

E nder ndee feere, kabane nattii jogaade hattan golle keertiiɗe walla darnde politik, kono tan fuɗɗii ko hollirde leñol aristokraasi galle e ngonka renndo. Kabane gonɗo oo kadi yuɓɓinaama e nder system kabane jeetati (八色の姓, yakusa no kabane) tawa ina waɗi Mahito, Ason, Sukune, Imiki [ja] (忌寸), Michinoshi [ja] (道師), Omi, Muraaji, Muraaji, Imiki, Imiki [ja] (道師), Omi, Muraji, Muraji, Muraji, Imiki, yuɓɓini ɗum. Omi doole oon sahaa rokkaama kabane Ason, mo ɗiɗaɓo e les njiimaandi kesiri ndii, tawi ko ɓuri heewde e Muraji ndokkaama kabane Sukune, woni tataɓo.

Caggal ɗuum, nde leƴƴi ɗii puɗɗii ɓuuɓde e nder galleeji gooto gooto, njuɓɓudi kabane ina ustoo seeɗa seeɗa e kuutoragol.

## Inde
Ina sikkaa wonde innde kabane (姓) ummorii ko e helmere "ageena" (崇名), walla tawa ko e konngol "kyöröi" (骨), firti ko "galle" e nder Koree ɓooyɗo. 

## Portal Japon ɓooyɗo

## Ƴeew kadi

## Caste

## Tuugnorgal
.. This power dynamic became one of the incentives of the Taika Reform in 684.
Ichiryō gusoku

**Ichirō gusoku** (一領具足), e nder daartol Japon, ko fedde remooɓe-samuray en, gollotooɓe e leñol Chōsokabe to diiwaan Tosa. E les leñol Yamauchi, martabaaji maɓɓe ustaama, ɓe nganndiraa gōshi, darnde ɓurnde famɗude e jogaade leñol Yamauchi.

#### Tuugnorgal

## .
Battle of Ichirai

**Hare Ichirai** (市来鶴丸城の戦い) waɗi ko e hitaande 1539 hakkunde pelle ɗiɗi luulndiiɗe leñol Shimazu.

Shimazu Katsuhisa, gardinooɗo galle Shimazu oo, alaa ɓiɗɗo gorko, ko Shimazu Sanehisa riiwi mo, gardinooɗo fedde woɗnde, wiyeteende Sasshū (薩州家). Sanehisa ndeen wiyi ko kanko woni hooreejo leñol ngol tawa heddiiɓe e galleeji ɗii nganndaaka no haanirta nii. Katsuhisa naamndii Shimazu Tadayoshi ballal ngam heɓtude darnde mum, Tadayoshi neldi ɓiyiiko biyeteeɗo Shimazu Takahisa yo Katsuhisa ƴettu ɗum ngam ballal mum.

Takahisa ƴetti golle hooreejo galle oo e juuɗe Katsuhisa e hitaande 1526. Anndinde Takahisa hooreejo leñol ngol waɗaani haa hitaande 1539, e wolde Ichirai, nde Tadayoshi fooli Katsuhisa (mo caggal mum heɓti laamu).
Iwanari Tomomichi

**Iwanari Tomomichi** ( 岩成 友通 ; 1519 - 29 ut 1578) ko samurayanke Japonnaajo e teeminannde 16ɓiire. O anndiraa kadi Ishinari Tomomichi (石成友通), ko o mawɗo reenoowo leñol Miyoshi. O jeyaa ko e samuraaji tati mawɗi e nder leñol Miyoshi ina wiyee Miyoshi Sanninshu wondude e Miyoshi Nagayuki e Miyoshi Masayasu.

#### Tuugnorgal

## ..
Imado ware

**Ware Imado** (今戸焼, Imado-yaki) ko sifaa mbaylaandi Japonnaaɓe ummoraade e Imado, hannde ko feccere Asakusa, Tokiyoo.

## Jokkondire yaajɗe
Jaayɗe jokkondirɗe e ware Imado to Wikimedia

## Ɗaɗi ɗii.com
Mizuy/arc/imadoyaki/dorokama.htm

## vte
Pooɗe Japon e porselin

Honami Kōetsu, jamaanu Edo (Ngalu ngenndi)

## Pooɗe ɓooyɗe
Haji (haniwa kadi)IriyaJōmon (kañum ne dogū)KamuiyakiSueYayoi

Jarɗo leɗɗe caay e diidi wisteria ɗi Nonomura Ninsei waɗi, jamaanu Edo (Ngalu ngenndi)

## Seramik
AganoAizuhongōAkahadaAkazuAmakusaAsahiBankoBizenEchizenHagiIgaIwamiIzushiKaratsuKasamaKiyomizuKoishiwaraKosobeKutaniKyōMashikoMino (kañum ne Oribe e Shino)MumyōiŌborisōmaOntaŌtaniRakuSatsumaSe Ofukei)ShigarakiShitoroShodaiTakatoriTambaTokonameTsuboyaZezelist nokkuuji seraaji Japon...

## Porselin
AritaHakuji (kañum ne Seihakuji)HasamiHizenImariIro-e JikiKakiemonKotōKutaniMikawachiNabeshimaWon heen ko Japonnaaɓe njaltinoowo porselin

## Gilaaɗe
Iro-NabeshimanigoshideSeijiSeto-guroTenmokuTetsuyū-tōki

## Kuutorɗe kaŋŋe
kinranndekinsugiyūri-kinsai

## Geɗe
hooreejo kusenaoshichawanchokodonabefuta
Ichiwa-kai

**Ichiwa-kai** (一和会) ko fedde yakuza en, jooɗiinde to Osaka, Japon.

Nde sosaa ko ñalnde 13 lewru nduu hitaande 1984 nde Hiroshi Yamamoto, lietnaa mawɗo e nder Yamaguchi-gumi, yalti e ndeen fedde ngam sosde fedde mum, tawi ina waɗi ko ina tolnoo e 10 000 tergal. Feccere ndee ummorii ko e kaaɗdi karallaagal : Yamamoto yiytaa ko no ƴaañoowo darnde kumicho, walla Baaba mum, e nder Yamaguchi-gumi, tee o mettini heen no feewi nde ƴaañoowo makko, hono Masahisa Takenaka, suɓaa.

E hitaande 1985, fedde Ichiwa-kai neldi fedde warkoyeeɓe ngam warde Takenaka to galle joom suudu mum to Suita, Osaka. Warngo Yamaguchi Godfather addani hare yakuza hakkunde pelle ɗiɗi ɗee e nder leydi Kansai, tawi ko ina tolnoo e 20 neɗɗo mbaraa heen. Yamaguchi-gumi en, haa jooni, keɓii ko anndiraa hare Yama-Ichi, kono ɗum hollitii wonde ko nafoore Pyrrhic nde tawnoo heewɓe e terɗe mum nanngaama e nder golle ɗee.

Ko ɓuri heewde e dognooɓe Ichiwa-kai ɓee, haa jooni njaɓaama hootde to Yamaguchi-gumi.

Yamamoto woppi golle, Ichiwa-kai fusi e lewru marse hitaande 1989.

#### Tuugnorgal

## .
Inaridai Sword

**Kaafaahi** Inaridai, anndiraango kadi Inaridai No. 1 Kofun tumulus Kaafaawi njamndi (Inaridai Ichi-gofun Shutsudo Tekken), ko kaafaahi njamndi ɓooyndi, ɓuuɓnaandi e nder tumulus Kofun Chiba, Japon. Ina gasa tawa kaafaawi oo ko e diiwaan Kinai feewnaa e teeminannde 5ɓiire, o wirnaa e maayɗo oo e darorɗe teeminannde ndee. Binndi maggal gonɗi e kaalis ko kañum woni ƴoogirde teeŋtunde e politik nder leydi Japon e oon sahaa.

## Binndi
Binndol Sinuwaa asliwol ngol ko nii siforii;

王賜□□敬安 / 此□(廷)□(刀)□□□
E ɗemngal Pulaar;

Laamɗo ina hokka (...) Jeyde [ɗum] e teddungal. / Oo kaafahi ko (...).

Firo

E nder tumulus worɓe ɗiɗo ina mberlaa e kala kees leɗɗe. Artifakteeji njiytaaɗi e saraaji yanaande ndee ina kollita wonde ɗiɗo ɓee ko mawɓe nokku oo e nder teeminannde 5ɓiire. Won annduɓe ina cikki laamɗo ciftinaaɗo e binndol ngol ko laamɗo Sai, gooto e laamɓe joy Wa, winndiraa e binndol daartol Siin deftere jimɗi.

E jamaanu Kofun, politik e nder diiwaan Kinai yahri yeeso haa hawri e dental Japon. Kaafaahi, ki laamɗo Wa rokki galle laamɗo nokku oo, ina jogori wonde yeru jibinannde dowla gooto ɓooyɗo.

Ƴeew kadi Kaafaawi Ɓooyɗi Jeeɗiɗi Inariyama Kaafaahi Eta Funayama kaafaahi Kaafaahi Todaijiyama 

## Tuugnorgal
.
Igakukan

**Igakukan** (医学館, Duɗal janngirɗe safaara) walla Igakkan ko duɗal janngirɗe safaara mawngal to Edo e les njiimaandi Shogunate, ko kañum tan woni duɗal janngirɗe safaara. Defterdu maggal mawndu safaara ina jeyaa hannde e binndanɗe mawɗe ɓooyɗe jogaaɗe e nder defterdu ngenndi Japon.

## Tariya
E laamu roju Matsudaira Sadanobu, sifaa safrooɓe to Edo ina boni, ɗum addani Shogunaat udditaade duɗal safrooɓe. E hitaande 1791, hono ndeeɗoo duɗal sosaa e les njiimaandi mum toowndi, tuugniindi e duɗal keeringal safaara, biyeteengal Seijukan (躋寿館). Seijukan oo e hoore mum udditaa ko e hitaande 1765, ko gonnooɗo doktoor laamu Shogun, hono Taki Mototaka (多紀元孝).

Nde shogunate heɓi laamu, duɗal ngal innitiraa ko Igakukan. Fuɗɗaade wonde ko to Kanda-Sakumacho, nde yani e hitaande 1806, nde ummii to Mukō-Yanagiwaramachi, hannde Asakusabashi 4-16.

Duɗal ngal mooftii e ƴettude golle keewɗe e binndanɗe safaara aadaaji Siin, jaŋde maggal ɓuri waawde huutoreede ko e duɗal miijo Kaozheng. Nde wonti duɗal safaara kuuɓtodinngal doole, de facto core denndaangal wiɗtooji e jaŋde safaara e nder leydi ndii. Puɗɗagol hitaande 1849, denndaangal defte yaltuɗe jowitiiɗe e safaara to Japon ina poti jaɓeede e juuɗe Igakukan.

E hitaande 1868, nde laamu shogunate yani, Igakukan wonti nokku cafrirɗo/faggudu ñawu nguu.

Ƴeew kadi Duɗal Shōheiko, duɗal goɗngal ngal Tokugawa jaɓi, jowitiingal e janngirɗe konfusiyankeeje Wagakukōdansho, ko duɗal binndol e daartol ngal Tokugawa yamiri Bansho Shirabesho, ko duɗal toppitiingal jaŋde binndanɗe janane 

## Tuugnorgal
Ina clan

**E nder** ndee innde Japon, indian ndee ko Ina.
Leñol Ina (Ina-shi) ko leñol Japonnaaɓe iwdi Minamoto no Tsunemoto (894-961) mo Seiwa-Genji.

## Tariya
Innde asliire galle oo ko "Arakawa", kono leñol ngol fuɗɗi8ji innirde hoore mum "Ina" nde ngol ummii e diiwaan Ina e nder diiwaan Shinano e nder diiwaan Nagano hannde oo. Ngolɗoo laawol ko laamu Ashikaga yamiri ɗum e teeminannde 15ɓiire.

E hitaande 1590, Ina Tadatsugu sosaa e nder diiwaan Musashi to Domen Komoro e ngalu 13 000 koku. Caggal wolde Sekigahara e hitaande 1600, han ɓeydaama haa 20 000 koku. Kono leñol ngol riiwaa e hitaande 1613 sabu Ina Tadamasa tawtoreede fedde nde Okubo Nagayasu yuɓɓini.

Leñol ngol ko hatamoto haa e jamaanu Meiji.

Suɓo doggol terɗe leñol Ko doggol dilloowol, ina gasa tawa ngol meeɗaa waawde heblude tolnooji keertiiɗi ngam timminde. Aɗa waawi wallude e ɓeydude geɗe ŋakkuɗe e lowre koolkisaande. Ina Tadatsugu Ina Tadamasa 

## Tuugnorgal
. of the Seiwa-Genji...
Daikichi Irokawa

**Daikichi Irokawa** (e ɗemngal Japon: 色川大吉, Irokawa Daikichi ; 23 sulyee 1925 – 7 suwee 2021) ko daartoowo Japonnaajo.

O resi ko Chizuko Ueno.

## Nguurndam
Irokawa janngii to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Tokiyoo. O wondi e daartiyankooɓe woɗɓe, ko wayi no Yoshio Yasumaru [ja], o yiɗiino joofnude luural e faamde daartol Japon e nder leydi ndii e nder winndere ndee. O yiɗiino kadi hollirde ƴellitaare Japon e feccere ɗimmere teeminannde 20ɓiire. O heɓi heen miijo e golle winndiyanke biyeteeɗo Kunio Yanagita, o fuɗɗii yeewtere ñalnde kala ina wiyee Minshūshi, nde o woni e ƴellitde nguurndam ñalnde kala yimɓe Japon e ƴellitaare nafooje mum en.

Daikichi Irokawa sankii to diiwaan Yamanashi ñalnde 7 suwee 2021 tawi ina yahra e duuɓi 96.

### Tuugnorgal

## .].  .
Ishide Tatewaki

Ishide Tatewaki

Ayaare Ngewte Jaangugo Waylu iwdi Yiytu daartol

Kujeji huwugo Gila e Wikipedia, ansiklopiiji ɗi ngalaa njoɓdi

Ndee winndannde ina sokli ciimtol ɓeydaango ngam hoolkisaade. Tiiɗno, mballu ngam moƴƴinde ndee winndannde e ɓeydude ciimtol e lowre koolkisaande. Kaɓirɗe ɗe ngalaa iwdi ina mbaawi luulndaade e ittude. Yiytu iwdiiji: "Ishide Tatewaki" – kabaruuji · jaayɗe · defte · ganndo · JSTOR (Août 2012) (Anndu no e hol nde ittata ndee mesaas) Ishide Tatewaki (石出帯刀) ko innde ndonaandi nde hooreejo kala yonta roya bugyo (jaagorgal kasoo) ƴetti e jamaanu Edo Japon. Innde "Ishide Tatewaki" nde fuɗɗii ko gorko gooto ina wiyee Honda Tsunemasa (本多常政), jooɗiiɗo e wuro ina wiyee Ishide wuyɓe e nder diiwaan Kanto, ko ɓooyaani koo, golle ɗee ngonti ndonu.

Galle Ishide jokki golle mum e nder kasooji haa nde laamu Tokugawa yani e fuɗɗoode jamaanu Meiji.

## Teskorɗe..
Inside the Robot Kingdom

**Nder Laamu Robo: Japon, Mekatronik, e Robotopiya garoowo** ko deftere 1988 ko faati e robooji to Japon nde Frederik L. Schodt winndi. E hitaande 2011, nde yaltinaa kadi e deftere e-book wonande laylayti Kindle, Nook, e iBookstore, tawa ina waɗi nate kese ɗe Raymond Larrett feewni, ɓeydi heen fotooje colour, e binndi njiylawu, njiylawu.

Ndee deftere ina siftina njiimaandi ndi Japon joginoo gila e fuɗɗoode heɓde karallaagal, gila e njillu gadano mo Commodore Matthew C. Perry waɗi e Tokiyoo e hitaande 1853 e naatgol karallaagal e nder renndo Japon, ngal ɓe cikkata, e wiyde deftere ndee, maa ɗum semmbin e moƴƴinde renndo maɓɓe, faggudu maɓɓe e nguurndam maɓɓe e nder Japon e nder winndere ndee. Ɓe njiyri karallaagal, e wiyde deftere ndee, ko danndoowo e golle bonɗe, ɗe robooji mbaawi feewnude ngam waɗde e nokkuuji mum en, tawa ina woppira doole gollal aadee ngam waɗde golle ɓurɗe nafoore.

Deftere nde ina siftora « Sariyaaji tati robooji » ɗi Isaac Asimov ƴetti, ina haala kadi ko fayti e jikku Japonnaajo biyeteeɗo Astro Boy, hono yeruuji naatgol robooji e nder renndo Japon.

#### Tuugnorgal

## .
Iwaki Province (718)

**Diiwaan Iwaki** (石城国, Iwaki-no kuni) ko diiwaan ɓooyɗo e nokku mo hannde woni diiwaan Fukushima e diiwaan Miyagi.

## Tariya
Ndee ɗoo iteraasiyoŋ e nder diiwaan Iwaki juuti ko juuti e yonta Nara. Sosaa ko e hitaande 718 e feccere diiwaan Mutsu, nde hawri ko e diiwanuuji joy Iwaki (石城), Shineha (標葉), Namekata (行方), Uta (宇太), Watari (曰理) e Kikuta (菊嚚). Ko diiwaan Kikuta tan rokkaa ummoraade e diiwaan Hitachi. Mumtaama, artiraa Mutsu won e sahaaji hakkunde 722 e 724. Kikuta ummiima Mutsu e oon sahaa.

Ƴeew kadi Diiwaan Iwaki (1868), mbayliigu juutngu. Teskorɗe  Nusbaum, Luwis-Frederik. (2005). "Iwaki" e nder deftere Japon, p. 408, h. 408, to Defte Google. 

## Tuugnorgal

.
Isuzuyori-hime

**Isuzuyori-hime** (e ɗemngal Japon: 五十鈴依媛) ko debbo laamɗo Japon mawɗo, debbo laamɗo Suizei, laamɗo ɗiɗaɓo Japon. Ko kanko woni yumma laamɗo Annei. E wiyde binndanɗe daartol, omo hiisee wonde laamɗo mawɗo Masters of Shiki.

## Ngendam
E hitaande ɗimmere, e nder ndunngu laamu Suizei, o toɗɗaa laamɗo debbo. Caggal mum, e hitaande adannde ndee, ñalnde 10 lewru nduu, ñalnde 11 lewru nduu, ɓiyiiko gorko laamɗo Annei, o rokki mo tiitoonde Kodaigo (empress dowager). Ina wiyee wonde o jibinaa ko ɓiɗɗo laamɗo biyeteeɗo Kotoshironushi, e miñiiko debbo biyeteeɗo Himetataraisuzu-hime, laamɗo gadano Japon, e debbo gadano laamɗo Jimmu. Ko o neɗɗo teeŋtuɗo e miijooji e nder Nihon Shoki (Taariik Japon).

## Lekki ɓesngu
Itō Jūzō

**E nder** ndee innde Japon, innde ndee ko Itō.

Itō e duuɓi mum cakkitiiɗi
Itō Jūzō ( 伊藤 十蔵 ; Duujal 1817 – 19 Marse 1896) ko samuray Japonnaajo mo Bakumatsu. Ko kanko woni baaba gardiiɗo jaagorɗe gadano biyeteeɗo Itō Hirobumi. Innde leñol makko adanngol (本姓, honsei) ko Hayashi.

## Kugal
Hayashi Jūzō (林 十蔵) jibinaa ko e lewru desaambar 1817, to Tsukari, e nder diiwaan Suō (Hikari hannde, e nder diiwaan Yamaguchi), ɓiy demoowo. E hitaande 1854, kanko e ɓesngu makko, Itō Naoemon (伊藤 直右衛門), ashigaru Domen Hagi, o wayli innde makko o waɗti ɗum Itō. E hitaande 1855, o yahi Kiyoto e ɓesngu makko, o woni konte Domen Hagi.

E hitaande 1864, caggal nde Domen Hagi fooli e kewu Kinmon, o arti e wuro makko, o naati e Milisi Nan'Entai (南園隊).

#### Tuugnorgal

## .
Ann Jannetta

Ann Bowman Jannetta (jibinaa ko 1932) ko ganndo Ameriknaajo, daartoowo, binndoowo, ganndo Japon, jannginoowo daartol to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Pittsburgh.

Golle cuɓaaɗe
E nder ƴeewndo limto ummoriingo e binndanɗe Ann Jannetta e ko yowitii e mum, OCLC/WorldCat ina hawra e ko ina tolnoo e golle 4 e nder 10+ binndanɗe e ɗemngal 1 e 500+ jokkondire defte

Ko doggol dilloowol, ina gasa tawa ngol meeɗaa waawde heblude tolnooji keertiiɗi ngam timminde. Aɗa waawi wallude e ɓeydude geɗe ŋakkuɗe e lowre koolkisaande. Ñawuuji e maayɗeele to Tokugawa Japon : 1600-1868 (1983) Cellal renndo e saaktude ñawu nguu e nder leydi Japon (1996) Faccirooɓe ɓee : ñawu nguu, ganndal safaara, e "uddital" Japon (2007) Teddungal Fedde janndeeji Asiya, njeenaari deftere John Whitney Hall, hitaande 2009. Teskorɗe.
Japanese castes under the Ritsuryō

**Ryōmin** (良民) e Senmin (賤民) ko kastaaji ɗiɗi mawɗi e nder njuɓɓudi kastaaji Japon kiiɗɗi ɗii.

Nde njuɓɓudi sariya Ritsuryō fuɗɗii huutoreede e nder Japon e darorɗe teeminannde 7ɓiire, ina jeyaa heen, hono no Tang Siin nii, feccere hakkunde ɗeen kastaaji ɗiɗi mawɗi. Helmere Ryosensei (良賤制) siforii system oo fof. Kaɓirgal Senmin ngal, feccii ko e "jinje joy" joy, ina wiyee kadi Goshiki no Sen (五色の賤), Senmin e fannuuji joy, sahaa e sahaa fof ina seernda ɗum e gosen (五賤).

Caste jeyaa ko e binnditagol ɓiyleydi ndi huutorii e ritsuryō.

## Ryōmin
Ryōmin (lit. Ɓiyɓe moƴƴuɓe) ko ɓe toowɓe, ɓe peccii e nder nayaɓere caggal nde ɓe ngoni ɗoo e les-castas ina haani] .

## Kanjin (官人), ardiiɓe laamu

## Kōmin (公民), ɓiɓɓe leydi
Shinabe (品部), annduɓe e njulaagu jowitiingu e golle ñaawirdu

Zakka (雑戸), njulaagu, haa teeŋti noon e ɓeen jokkondirɓe e militeer en, ƴeewndaaɓe e kalaas lesleso e tati ɓennuɗi ɗii

## Senmin
Senmin (lit. ɓiɓɓe leydi lesɗi) ko les njiimaandi, peccii e les njiimaandi joyi caggal castooji ɗii :

Ryōko (陵戸), halfinaa ɓesngu laamɗo walla reenooɓe yanaande laamɗo Kanko (官戸), halfinaa ko ministeeruuji yimɓe Kenin (家人), gollooɓe galleeji Kunuhi (公奴婢), jiyaaɓe ñaawirdu

Shinuhi (私奴婢), jiyaaɓe ɓesnguuji

Dewgal hakkunde leƴƴi e fuɗɗoode jaɓaaka. Ryōko, Kanko e Kenin njaɓaama jogaade galleeji mum en.

Toɓɓe ɗiɗi ɓurɗe lesɗude e ɓiɓɓe leydi (Nuhi, jiyaaɓe) ina mbaawi yeeyde walla jeyeede e ɓiɓɓe leydi Ryōmin, tee ɓe njaɓaani jogaade galle binnditiiɗo. Ndeeɗoo feere kastaaji tiiɗnaaki no feewi, e nder sifaa wonde Kunuhi ina waawi wonde Kanko so ɓe mawnii (66), kadi ina woppitee otomatik e duuɓi mum en no feewi (76) kono ɗum ina gasa tawa ko ɓuri heewde e yimɓe njottataa duuɓi 66 e ko ɓuri ɗum e ɗeen sahaaji, kadi Ryōmin ina waawi wonde Senmin (to bannge having crimes) .

E fuɗɗoode, sukaaɓe jibinɓe hakkunde Ryōmin e Senmin maa ngon Senmin. E hitaande 789, ɗum wayliima, sukaaɓe jibinɓe hakkunde Ryōmin e Senmin ko Ryōmin. Senmin ko seeɗa e yimɓe fof.

## Ƴeew kadi

## Golle nay to leydi Siin

## Sugo

## Kuge

## Daimiyo

## Samuray

## Tuugnorgal
Japan at Nature's Edge

2013
Japon e daande tagoore: Ko woni e dow taariindi doole aduna ko deftere binndanɗe ɗe ngonaa firooji, jowitiiɗe e jokkondiral hakkunde renndo aadee e tagoore to Japon. Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Hawaiʻi yaltini nde e hitaande 2013, ko Ian Jared Miller e Juliya Adeney Tomas e Brett L. Walker njuɓɓini nde. Winndi binndanɗe ɗee ko Daniel P. Aldrich, Jakobina Arch, Andrew Bernstein, Philip C. Brown, Timothy S. George, Jeffrey E. Hanes, David L. Howell, Federiko Markon, Kiristiin L. Marran, Ian Jared Miller, Mika Muskolino, Ken’ichi Miyamoto [ja], Sara Juliyam A. Tsutsui, Brett L. Walker, e Takehiro Watanabe.

Tuugnorgal kuuɓtodinngal
Smits, Gregori (febariyee 2015). "Japan to daande tagoore: ngonka taariindi doole aduna. Ian Jared Miller, Julia Adeney Thomas, e Brett L. Walker mbinndi ɗum. Honolulu: Jaami'aare Hawai'i Press. xiv, 322 pp. $65.00 (kaɓirgal); $35.00 (kaayitaaji)". Jaaynde ganndal Aasi. 74 (1): 220-221. Doi: 10.1017/S0021911814002009. Ɗemngal 0021-9118.
Stolz, Robeer (2016). "Ƴeewndo Japon to Nature's Edge: ngonka taariindi doole aduna". Daartol nokkuuji. 21 (2): 411-412. Ɗemngal 1084-5453. JSTOR 24691610.
Japan on Foot

**Japon** e koyɗe" ko innde eɓɓaande yah-ngartaa nde Etsuko Shimabukuro mo Okinawa e Mary King, ɓiyleydi Angalteer mbaɗi.

Rewɓe ɗiɗo ɓee mbaɗii lebbi 16 e yahde e laawol zigzag rewrude e Japon. Jaɓɓungal 7 494 kiloomeeteer ngal fuɗɗorii ko Cape Sōya, nokku ɓurɗo worgo Japon e duunde Hokkaidō, haa joofni e duunde Yonaguni, nokku ɓurɗo hirnaange Japon. Jaɓɓungal rewɓe ngal waɗi ko to Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū, Okinawa (ina heen duunde Japon ɓurnde hoɗde e fuɗnaange). Ko yahdu "jaaynde roving". Shimabukuro e King mbinndi binndanɗe jaayndeeji, jaayndeeji, e lowre internet ceertuɗe gila e laawol ngol. Deftere yahdu nduu yalti ko e hitaande 2011 to jaaynde wiyeteende Fine Line Press.

Jokkondire yaajɗe Japon e Koyngal e lowre BBC Japon e blog Koyngal Japon e deftere Koyngal Jaaynde Japon Times 

## ƴeewndo deftere Japon e koyɗe
Japanese missions to Baekje

**Miijooji Japon** to Baekje ina mbaɗi fannu jokkondiral hakkunde leyɗeele jokkondiral e jokkondiral hakkunde Baekje e Japon. Gostondiral hakkunde leyɗeele ɗiɗi ɗee waɗii.

Sifaa keeriiɗo ɗeen gostondiral dipolomasii hakkunde leyɗeele ummorii ko e mbaydi miijo ngo Siinnaaɓe ƴetti.

369-375 — Yamato Japon e Baekje ina njogii mbaylaandi hitaande kala e ammbasadeeruuji.
E wiyde Nihon Shoki, e kitaale 501-700, Japon neldii 328 nulaaɗo laawɗuɗo to Baekje, 316 to Silla, 146 to Goguryeo, 193 to Imna (Mimana), 20 to Gaya, 20 to Tamna, 5 to laamuuji Samhan. Wostondiral ammbasadeeruuji e laamuuji Koree Baekje e Silla ina tiiɗi no feewi ngam humpitaade Japonnaaɓe ƴellitaare pinal e nder duunde he.

## Ƴeew kadi
Misiyoŋaaji Japon to Silla Misiyoŋaaji Japon to Joseon Misiyoŋaaji Japon to Siin laamɗo 

## Teskorɗe
....
Japanese missions to Silla

Miijooji Japon to Silla ina mbaɗi fannu jokkondiral hakkunde leyɗeele jokkondiral e jokkondiral hakkunde Silla e Japon. Gostondiral hakkunde leyɗeele ɗiɗi ɗee waɗii.

Sifaa keeriiɗo ɗeen gostondiral dipolomasii hakkunde leyɗeele ummorii ko e mbaydi miijo ngo Siinnaaɓe ƴetti.

648 — E dow ɗaɓɓaande laamu Japon, ammbasadeer Silla to Siin rokki ɓataake Japon to suudu laamɗo Tang ; mesaas oo yettinii mesaas yiɗde cellal laamɗo oo. 804 — Miin no Masatao neldi e ɓataakeeji ummoraade e Diiso Dowla Japon. 836 — Ki no Mitsu e ɓataake ummoraade e Diiso Dowla. E wiyde Nihon Shoki, e kitaale 501-700 Japon neldii 328 njillu laawɗungu to Paekche, 316 to Silla, 146 to Goguryeo, 193 to Imna (Mimana), 20 to Gaya, 20 to Tamna, e 5 to laamuuji Samhan to Koree wonnoo ko teeŋtuɗi ngam humpitaade Japonnaaɓe ƴellitaare pinal e nder duunde he.

Ƴeew kadi Misiyoŋaaji Japon to Paekche Misiyoŋaaji Japon to Joseon Misiyoŋaaji Japon to Siin laamɗo Teskorɗe...
Japanese Resident-General of Korea

Hooreejo Japonnaajo to Koree

Ayaare Ngewte Jaangugo Waylu iwdi Yiytu daartol

Kujeji huwugo Gila e Wikipedia, ansiklopiiji ɗi ngalaa njoɓdi

Ndee winndannde ina sokli ciimtol ɓeydaango ngam hoolkisaade. Tiiɗno, mballu ngam moƴƴinde ndee winndannde e ɓeydude ciimtol e lowre koolkisaande. Kaɓirɗe ɗe ngalaa iwdi ina mbaawi luulndaade e ittude. Yiytu iwdi: "Hoɗnooɗo-Seneraal Japonnaajo to Koree" – kabaruuji · jaayɗe · defte · ganndo · JSTOR (Desammbar 2021) (Anndu no e hol nde ittata ndeeɗoo mesaas) Hoɗnooɗo-Seneraal to Koree 韓国統監

Bannge hoɗɓe-jeneral

Ɓuri juutde e golloraade Ito Hirobumi 21 Duujal 1905 – 14 Suwee 1909 Tappirde Hoɗɓe seneraal Darnde mum mumtaama Toɗɗotooɗo laamɗo leydi Japon Laamɗo leydi Koree Sosde ɗum ñalnde 21 Duujal hitaande 1905 Jogiiɗo gadano oo ko Itō Hirobumi Jogiiɗo joofnirde ko Terauchi Masatake Mumtaama ñalnde 1 oktoobar 1910 Lomti ɗum ko Guwerneer-Seneraal Chōsen Cukko Cukko hoɗɓe-jeneral

Mahdi laamu Seneraal Japonnaajo jooɗiiɗo to Koree (japonnaaɓe: 韓国統監, e ɗemngal romaan: Kankokutōkan; e ɗemngal koreeji: 일본의 대 한국통감, e ɗemngal romaan: Ilbon-ui dae hangugtong-gam) ko posto toppitiiɗo Koree9011.

Doggol hoɗɓe Japon-general No. Innde Natal (jibineede–maayde) Duuɓi laamu Hooreejo (ɓe) leydi Ref. Took office Acci biro Wakkati nder biro 1 Ito Hirobumi (1841–1909) 21 desaambar 1905 14 suwee 1909 Duuɓi 3, balɗe 175 Meiji [fotde ɓurnde moƴƴude ina haani]. 2 Ɓiɗɗo Arasuke (1849-1910) 14 suwee 1909 30 mee 1910 balɗe 350 3 Terawuchi Masatake (1852-1919) 30 mee 1910 1 oktoobar 1910 balɗe 124 Ƴeew kadi Guwerneer mawɗo leydi Koree Guwerneer mawɗo leydi Taiwan Tuugnorgal
Japanese Right Army

Konu Japon Ñaamo walla Konu Ñaamo ko konu Japon e sahaa nde Japon yani e Koree, e kitaale 1597 –1598 Hidemoto,[laɓɓitingol ina haani] Konu Ñaamo nguu ɓuri wonde ko diɗɗal ɗiɗmal ngal Katō Kiyomasa ardii, diɗɗal tataɓal ngal Kuroda Nagamasa ardii e diɗɗal jeeɗiɗaɓal ngal Mōri Hidemoto ardii, lomtii ɓiyiiko gorko biyeteeɗo Mōri Terumoto.

Taskaram Ko ɗoo woni yuɓɓo Konu Ñaamo tuggi lewru suwee 1597 :

Katō Kiyomasa (10 000) gorko Kuroda Nagamasa (Kuroda Nagamasa) – 5 000 gorko 12 000 neɗɗo Ikeda Hideshi – 2 800 gorko Nakagawa Hidenari – 2 500 neɗɗo Chosokabe Motochika – 3 000 gorko Mori Hidemoto (Hidemoto) – 30 000 gorko Limre ndee fof (e lewru suwee 1597) ko 65 300 gorko.

Hareeji Kaɓaama
Hare Koryong (고령) Taƴre Hwangsoksan (황석산성) Hare Jiksan (직산) Taƴre Ulsan adannde (울산) Sifaa Samga (삼가성) Sifaa Ulsan ɗiɗaɓo (울산) Ƴeew kadi Konu Nano Japon Tuugnorgal,–1598.  It included forces from several divisions of the earlier invasions (1592–1596). Under the overall command of Mori Hidemoto,
Japanese Studies of Modern China, A Bibliographical Guide to Historical and Social Science Research on the 19th and 20th Centuries

Janngirɗe Japon e Siin hannde, deftere binndol ngam wiɗtooji ganndal daartol e renndo e teeminannde 19ɓiire e 20ɓiire ko deftere deftere nde John King Fairbank e Masataka Banno [ja] (坂野 正高 Banno Masataka) mbinndi e hitaande 1955. Ko Sosiyetee Charles E. Tuttle bayyini nde e innde Duɗal Yennde Harvard.

Ko ɓuri heewde e naatgol ngol ina jokkondiri e Siin hannde oo hedde hitaande 1955 hay so tawii won heen ina mbaɗi naatgol jowitiingol e yontaaji ɓennuɗi ɗii. Golle ɗee ina mbaɗi naatgol e, limtaaɗe e toɓɓe, ko ina ɓura 1 000 naatgol. Ina waɗi kadi indeeji tati.

Fairbank, Banno, e Sumiko Yamamoto (Jamamoto Sumiko) mbinndi deftere hesere nde hitaande 1971, nde yaltini nde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Harvard. Won e binndi inɗe Japon e won e ñalɗi e tuugnorgal peewnitaama.

Ɓawo
Caggal wolde kominist Siin e hitaande 1949, jannginooɓe Amerik nattii yahde Siin mawɗo ngam waɗde wiɗtooji. Ɗum firti ko heewɓe e hono ɓeeɗoo jannguɓe njahi Japon, keɓi toon binndanɗe janngirɗe ko faati e Siin. Ɗum firti kadi ko wiɗtooɓe Japon ina poti waɗde wiɗtooji ko faati e Siin mawɗo to Japon.

Deftere ndee huutoriima dokke ƴettaaɗe e nokkuuji wiɗto Japon. Ɗeeɗoo juɓɓule njiytiino, ko jiidaa e leydi Republique Siin[laɓɓitingol ina haani], Manchuria, Mongoli, e Taiwan.

Ko woni e mumWinndooɓe ɓee njiɗnoo ko jogaade doggol kuuɓtodinngol, tawa winndooɓe ɓee ina mbiya wonde won naatgol ngol ina waɗi sifaa marxist-leninist e/walla, e wiyde Marius B. Jansen mo Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Washington, « jeertina janngoowo oo e majji ».

Jaɓɓugo

Jansen noddi golle ɗee "ardorde moƴƴere".

Derk Bodde mo Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Pennsylvania hollitii wonde ina jogii heen « ñiŋooje[...]alaa ko ɓuri teeŋtude » ina jeyaa heen wonde nde limtii geɗe keewɗe, nde siftoraani inɗe yimɓe 25 Japonnaaɓe wallitnooɓe ɓe, tee naatgol ngol ina juuti no feewi.

C. Martin Wilbur mo Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Columbia siftinii golle ɗee ko "yeru no gollondiral hakkunde Ameriknaajo e Japonnaajo waawi wonde." Wilbur ɓeydi heen wonde « ɗaɓɓaande porfeseer Fairbank nde joofnataa ngam faamde Siin » ko « ruuhu gonɗo les ndeeɗoo golle, e sufde ɗum ».

## Tuugnorgal.. This also meant that Japanese researchers had to do research about Mainland China in Japan.. Jansen characterized most comments as "[seeming] judicious and careful" with the exception of some entries about works about international relations.
Oktoobar (deftere)

ko deftere Zoë Wicomb winndi e hitaande 2014. Wicomb, keɓɗo njeenaari binndol Windham–Campbell e hitaande 2013, ummorii ko Namaqualand, to Afrik worgo, ko porfeseer mawɗo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Strathclyde .

Oktoobar ko daartol Mercia Murray, porfeseer to Glasgow, Ecoppi, garɗo to Kliprand, Namaqualand to Afrik worgo nde miñiiko biyeteeɗo Jake winndi mo yo o artu galle makko o heɓa ɓiyiiko biyeteeɗo Nicky. Tiitooɗe ɗee ko galleeji, eggol, gartugol e leñol. Quadrapheme: Binndol Teeminannde 21ɓiire teskiima wonde Oktoobar ko daartol gartugol galle, daartol galle, daartol jeytaare, jeytaare, rewɓe e sukaaɓe, kalaas e leñol e jaŋde, yumma e baaba.' 

Nde Anna James naamndii ɗum ngam siimtude deftere ndee e kelme tati, Zoë Wicomb jaabii, "Galle, deracination, sirluuji galle." 

## Jikkuuji

* **Mercia Murray** – ganndiraaɗo kadi Mercy, ko jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Glasgow, ummoriiɗo to wuro wiyeteengo Kliprand, to leydi Afrik worgo, garoowo to Kliprand, ngam wallude miñi mum e ɓesngu mum. E fuɗɗoode deftere ndee o "heddiima" e sehil makko duuɓi 25.
* **Jak "Jake" Teofilus Murray** – miñiiko gorko Mercia. Hoɗi ko to Kliprand, to leydi Namaqualand to Afrik worgo e debbo mum e ɓiyiiko gorko.
* **Sylvie Murray, jibinaaɗo e Willemse** – debbo Jake e yumma Nicky.
* **Willem Nikolaa "Nikki" Murray** – ɓiy Jake e Sylvie.
* **Nikolaa Murray** – ganndiraaɗo Meester, baaba mum Mercia e Jake. Jom suudu to Antoinette.
* **Antoinette Murray jibinaaɗo Malherbe** ganndiraaɗo Netty, mawni ko to Elim, nokku misiyoŋaaji Moravi. Debbo Nikolaa, yumma Mercia e Jake.
* **Neene Ma Willemse** – gooto e yummiraaɓe Sylvie.
* **Ouise Willemse** – gooto e yummiraaɓe Sylvie.
* **Nana Willemse** – gooto e yummiraaɓe Sylvie.
* **Fanus Lategan** – sehil Mercia e nder duɗal ; gollodiiɗo e golle ANC e cagataagal kitaale 1970 to Kliprand.
* **Craig McMillan** – yimoowo e gonnooɗo gollodiiɗo Mercia Murray.
* **Smithy** – ko gollodiiɗo Mercia ɓurɗo famɗude to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde.

## Jaɓɓugo
Allan Massie, tergal fedde binndol laamɗo, winndi e nder jaaynde wiyeteende The Scotsman : "Deftere Zoë Wicomb cakkitiinde ndee ina tiiɗi, ina naamndii, kono ina waɗi nafoore. Ina ɗaɓɓi jaŋde laaɓtunde, nde tawnoo nde yahrata ko yeeso e yeeso e nder sahaa, e yah-ngartaa hakkunde Ecoppi e Afrik worgo." meditative [...] kelle mum udditooje ina toɗɗii no feewi, ina tiiɗtina jikku kuuɓtodinɗo ɓernde Janngugol galle e majjugol, baɗaangol no feewi, so tawii sahaa e sahaa fof ina tiiɗi" 

## Tuugnorgal
Sulaiman Abdul Aziz Al Rajhi

**Sheek Sileymaan bin Abdulaziis Al Rajhi** (Aarabeeɓe :سليمان بن عبد العزيز الراجحي, jibinaa ko hitaande 1929) ko jom ngalu leydi Arabi Sawdit. Haa e hitaande 2011, ngalu makko ina limtaa e jaaynde Forbes ko ina tolnoo e 7,7 miliyaar dolaar, ɗum noon ko kanko woni 120ɓo ɓurɗo alɗude e winndere ndee.

O heɓi njeenaari winndereeri wiyeteende *King* Faisal e hitaande 2012 sabu o rokki feccere e ngalu makko e ballal, o fuɗɗii banke lislaam, o walli golle ballal e waɗde eɓɓaaɗe ngenndiije baɗɗe faayiida.

## Nguurndam
Suleymaan Al Rajhi jibinaa ko to Al Bukairiyah, woni e nder diiwaan Al Qassim to leydi Arabi Sawdit, o mawni ko e jeereende Nejd ɗo kanko e miñiiko Saleh puɗɗii golle maɓɓe e yoɓde kaalis ngam hijjooɓe ƴettude karallaagal gelooɗi e nder jeereende haa e gure Makka e Madiina.

Sulaiman Abdulaziz Al Rajhi ina jogii geɗal ɓurngal mawnude e nder banke Al Rajhi mo ɓesngu mum, mo nganndu-ɗaa ko kañum woni sabaabu ɓurɗo heewde nafoore e nder denndaangal pelle bankeeji leydi Sawuud. Ko o coftuɗo banke oo, kanko e mawniiko gorko biyeteeɗo Saleh, ko kanko woni hannde hooreejo ko anndiraa e nder leydi ndii wonde ko ɓuri teddude e Tadawul.

Mawnugol e yaajde njulaagu banndiraaɓe Al Rajhi, ñamli ɗum ko ilam gollotooɓe e nder leydi Sawuud e nder kitaale 1970, nde petroŋ ɓeydii heewde. Al Rajhis en mballi ɓe neldude ngalu maɓɓe galleeji mum en e nokkuuji ko wayi no Inndo e Pakistaan. E hitaande 1983, banndiraaɓe ɓee keɓii yamiroore udditaade banke lislaam gadano e nder leydi Sawudit, banke jogorɗo ɗooftaade jamirooje diine ko wayi no haɗde riiba.

Galle Al Rajhi ina jokki e wonde ɓurɓe heewde e kaalis Al Rajhi *Bank* hay so tawii noon Suleymaan e banndiraaɓe mum ina ceerti e nder galleeji mum en, e nder jippunde, ndema, njamndi, e geɗe goɗɗe gollorɗe.

Dipolom makko toowɗo ko dipolom lesleso. O hoɗi ko to leydi Sawuud, omo jogii ko famɗi fof 23 ɓiɗɗo.

## Filantropi
Galle Al Rajhi ina hiisee, e ko ɓuri heewde e yimɓe Sawudit, ko ɓuri alɗude e leydi ndii, ɓe ngonaa laamɓe, e nder yimɓe ɓurɓe waawde wallitde yimɓe e winndere ndee.

O sosi duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Sulaiman Al Rajhi to wuro makko, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ngal alaa ko nafata. Jaaɓihaaɗtirde ndee ɓuri waawde huutoraade ko cellal e bankeeji lislaam, kono ina waɗi kadi fannuuji goɗɗi.

E lewru mee 2011, o habri wonde o rokkata ko ɓuri heewde e ngalu makko 7,7 miliyaar dolaar ngam wallitde.

## Ƴeew kadi
Saleh Abdulaaziiz Al Rajhi

## Tuugnorgal

## Teskorɗe
Wakiili'en ɓiɓɓe lesdi, 1936

**Sariya wakilaagu ɓiɓɓe leydi** No 12 mo hitaande 1936 (fuɗɗii 10 sulyee) ko sariya ƴettaaɗo to Afrik worgo ɓeydi ustude hakkeeji ɓaleeɓe e oon sahaa.Diiwaan Kap ina joginoo fransiskaare laaɓtunde, nde addani ɓaleeɓe seeɗa e nder Kap suɓaade ngam suɓaade doggol (common roll) (hay so tawii noon wonaa parlemaa Cape e hitaande). Fransiske keɓtinaaɗo oo ummorii ko e jamaanu hade Dental Dowlaaji Amerik, nde Kap wonnoo koloni Biritaan ceertuɗo ; ina yaltina kadi worɓe ɓaleeɓe ɓurɓe waasde. Sariya 1936 itti ɓaleeɓe e doggol ceertungol – e dartinde hakke suɓaade laamu ; sariyaaji goɗɗi gadani ɗii ittii sarɗiiji ɗi ɓaleeɓe ndokkaa e Kap. 

E ngalɗoo kuugal, elite ɓaleejo tokooso - ko ɓuri heewde e ɓaleeɓe meeɗaani dañde woote - ittaa e doggol kuuɓtodinngol ngol ɓe mbaawi winnditaade gila 1854. Mawɓe, dipiteeji nokkuuji, goomuuji wasiyaaji wuro e goomuuji wooteeji e nder diiwanuuji ɗii kala, ina poti suɓaade ɓaleeɓe nayo e nder senaa, tawa ko e mbaadi wooteeji (système de vote block). Kuulal ngal kadi sosi Diiso Wakiili’en Native, tawi ko ardiiɓe ɓaleeɓe jeegom, Afriknaaɓe nayo toɗɗaaɓe e Afriknaaɓe sappo e ɗiɗo cuɓaaɓe.  E hitaande 1937, ciimtol laawɗungol, ngol rewaani laawol, wasiyiima yo koloñaal en mbaɗtu e doggol wooteeji gaadoraaɗi e nder diiwanuuji nay ɗii, tawa ina rokka ɓe hakkeeji woote potɗi e hakkeeji ɓaleeɓe e nder Afrik worgo fof, wonaa tan e nder diiwaan Kap.

## Mumtugol

## Ƴeew kadi

## Tuugnorgal
Elvira García y García

**Elvira Garsiya y Garsiya** hiitande dubi alif  (1862-1951) ko jannginoowo Peru, ko o daraniiɗo rewɓe. O sosi duɗal sukaaɓe rewɓe aranndewal biyeteengal Liceo Peruano (1883) jaaynde rewɓe ɓurnde mawnude wiyeteende Liceo Fanning (1894-1914), omo hiisee wonde aranndeejo jaŋde rewɓe e nder leydi Peru. Ko kanko woni ɓiy Aurelio Garcia y Garcia, gardiiɗo konu ndiwoowa Peruu, mo nganndu-ɗaa ina jeyaa e « aseeji nay » konu ndiwoowa Peruu puɗɗiingu nguu (e wondude e Miguel Grau e Lizardo Montero Flores).

## '''Almuɓɓe tedduɓe'''
Rebekaa Kariyon Kachot, ganndo ko faati e taariindi

## '''Tuugnorgal'''
Gender Issues (magazine)

**Gender Issues** ko jaaynde ganndal Ameriknaare ko faati e jaŋde rewɓe e worɓe e potal rewɓe e worɓe. Jaaynde ndee ɓuri yaltinde ko binndanɗe ganndal e binndanɗe ƴeewtotooɗe darnde e jokkondiral rewɓe e worɓe. Kadi ina teskaa batte renndo, faggudu, sariya, e politik ɗeen darnde e jokkondiral. Ko adii fof nde anndiranoo ko Haalaaji Feminist en.

## '''Tariya'''
Sosaa ko e hitaande 1980, jaaynde ganndal ndee jibinaa ko e anndinde wonde feminism keso oo ina haani jogaade nokku mum e nder jeewte teoriije. Geɗe Feminist ko adii fof ko ngam yaynaade geɗe daartol e renndo baɗɗe caggal njiyaagu, njiyaagu rewɓe, e geɗe keewɗe goɗɗe jowitiiɗe e rewɓe.

Nde jaaynde sappoɓal ndee yahrata yeeso, fedde winndiyaŋkoore ndee fuɗɗii yaajnude yeewtere ndee, e waɗde heen jeewte teoriije e denndaangal geɗe jowitiiɗe e jinnaaɓe. Ɓe puɗɗii kadi taƴe kese ceertuɗe e jaaynde ndee ko wayi no ƴeewndo defte, ɓataakeeji feewde e gardiiɗo jaaynde ndee, kam e jaabawuuli binndooɓe.

Caggal nde jaaynde ndee wayli innde mum gila e *Feminist Issues* haa e *Gender Issues* e hitaande 1998, jaaynde ndee yaltinii bayyinaango e kelle mum udditgol :

"Gender Issues ko ngam yaltinde wiɗtooji baɗɗiiɗi e kuutoragol ko faati e jokkondiral hakkunde worɓe e rewɓe; ko faati e nanndugol e ceertugol renndo, neɗɗaagu, e jikkuuji; e ko fayti e waylowaylo yiɗdeeji, darnde, e darnde rewɓe e nder renndooji gollorɗi e nder gure, kam e nder leyɗeele jahruɗe yeeso gooŋɗinal miijooji. - Rita J. Simon, koolaaɗo kuuɓal (Toɓɓere 16, tonngoode 3, hitaande 1998).

Waylo innde jaaynde ndee ɓuri huutoreede ko ngam hollirde waylo-waylo mum e keewal bayyineede, e njuɓɓudi mum, e njuɓɓudi mum

## '''Tuugnorgal'''
Glen Retiif

**Glen Retief** ko binndoowo Afrik worgo  keɓɗo njeenaari binndol Lambda e hitaande 2012 ngam deftere makko wiyeteende *The Jack Bank: Deftere cukaagu Afrik worgo* .  *Jack Bank* kadi ko deftere fedde defte Afrik e hitaande 2011.

Retief mawni ko e nokku biyeteeɗo Kruger National Park to Afrik worgo, ɗo baaba makko wonnoo gardiiɗo park oo.O naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde hade makko janngude ɗemngal Engele to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Cape Town Afrik worgo ko nokku haɗaaɗo ngam ƴellitde njiyaagu.Binndol makko "Keeping Sodom Out of the Laager" yalti ko e deftere wiyeteende Defiant Desire, deftere binndi LGBT Afrik worgo, nde yaltinaa e hitaande 1996. 

O hoɗi hannde ko to Pretoria, Afrik worgo, kanko e jom suudu makko, naalanke Ameriknaajo, ganndo Biibal Peterson Toscano, , omo janngina binndol Engele e binndol peeñngol to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Susquehanna . 

## Tuugnorgal
Juanita Frances

**Juanita Frances**, jibinaaɗo e **Juanita Frances Lemont,** innde dewgal **Juanita Frances Schlesinger** (1901-1992) ko daraniiɗo haɓaade rewɓe, sosɗo Fedde Rewɓe Dewbo (MWA).

## '''Ngendam'''
O jibinaa ko to leydi Ostarali. O meeɗaa anndude baaba makko, hono Timothy Lemont, ko yumma makko, balloowo e nder booñ, mawni mo. Baaba makko ina wonnoo e konu ndiyam. O janngi ko fayti e infirmiyee, o ummii o fayi leydi Angalteer e kitaale 1920. Nde o woni e wallude rewɓe to North Kensington o fotti e Flora Drummond, debbo jahroowo e duuɓi 18, mo o inniri "Seneraal".

O naati e fedde rewɓe wiyeteende *Six Point Group* caggal nde o ari Angalteer. Fedde nde yiɗiino heɓde potal rewɓe e golle Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe e "*Equal Rights International Group*" sosaa, Farayse neldaa to Geneve ɗo o waɗi batuuji tati ɗi ngalaa nafoore. O yiɗiino semmbinde yummiraaɓe e rewɓe dewbo.

O walliino e sosde Fedde Rewɓe Dewbo e hitaande 1938, caggal ɗuum o woni hooreejo mayre. Hooreejo gadano MWA ko Edith Summerskill e woɗɓe teskinaaɓe e nder golle ɗee ko Vera Brittain, awokaa biyeteeɗo Helena Normanton e caggal mum e hitaande 1945 debbo biyeteeɗo Helen Nutting.

E hitaande 1947 caggal nde ɓe ndañi ɓiɓɓe ɗiɗo o seerti e gorko makko, banke gooto ina wiyee Gerald Leonard Schlesinger. Galle London mo o mahi oo, wonti galle laamorɗo MWA.

1952 woni feccere mawnde. Helena Normington wonnoo ko hooreejo leydi, o ƴetti laawol keeriiɗo nde o rokki seedamfaaguuji to Komisariyaa Laamɗo ngam Dewgal e Ceergal. *Rank* e file jaabawuuli mbaɗaama wonde feere ndee ina yiɗi rewɓe ɓurɓe waawde ko wonaa faandaare fedde nde.Rogere ndee waɗii luural e sosde Diiso Rewɓe Dewbo, tawi ko Normanton, Doreen Gorsky, Evelyn Hamilton e Helen Nutting ardii ɗum en. Ɓeen ngonnoo ko Hooreejo, Hooreejo, Cukko Hooreejo e Sekereteer, ko adii nde ɓe njaltata. Komisiyoŋ laamɗo oo maa ƴettu duuɓi joy ngam ƴeewtaade darnde mum, o humpita e hitaande 1956.

Brian Harrison winndi yeewtere daartol haalpulaar en e Frances, e lewru noowammbar 1974, e nder eɓɓoore yeewtere suɓngooji, tiitoonde mum ko Seedeeji haalpulaar en e dille suɓngooji e suɓngooji: yeewtere Brian Harrison.Frances yeewtidii e darnde mum e nder fedde rewɓe laamu, sosde fedde rewɓe dewbo, e yimɓe heewɓe mawɓe e nder fedde rewɓe, ina jeyaa heen Flora Drummond, Teresa Billington-Greig, Dorothy Evans e Monica Whately.

## '''Tuugnorgal'''
Maria Goia

**Maria Goia** (28 noowammbar 1878 – 15 oktoobar 1924) ko dawriyanke Itaali, debbo, senndikaa, ummoriiɗo Cervia. E hitaande 1915 o woni hooreejo jaaynde wiyeteende La difesa delle lavoratrici, jaaynde rewɓe yaltunde yontere kala, sosaande e hitaande 1912.

## '''Tuugnorgal'''
María Felicidad González

**Mariya Felisidad Gonzalez** (1884 to Paraguwaay, Paraguwaay – 1980) ko ganndo Paraguwaay, daraniiɗo haɓaade rewɓe. O hiisetee ko gardiiɗo daartol gadanol rewɓe Paraguwaay.

Caggal nde o timmini jaŋde makko e hitaande 1908, González wonti gardiiɗo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ngal. Hitaande rewtunde ndee o wonti regent Escuela *Normal* del Paraguay, posto mo o joginoo haa hitaande 1914 nde o artiraa cukko hooreejo ; caggal ɗuum o wonti Direkteer e hitaande 1921, o woni e golle ɗee haa hitaande 1932.

González wondi e sosɓe Centro Femenino Paraguay (Centre Rewɓe Paraguwaay) e hitaande 1921, [citation needed] kadi o lomtii Paraguwaay e batu rewɓe Ameriknaajo 1922.

## '''Ƴeew kadi'''

* Women in Paraguay

## '''Tuugnorgal'''

**Fuɗɗoode**

Speratti, Juan: Feminismo, winndiyanke Litokolo, Asunsion, hitaande 1989
Jean Margaret Gordon

**Jean Margaret Gordon** (1865 – 24 feebariyee 1931) ko Ameriknaajo, golloowo renndo, gardiiɗo siwil, e peewnitoowo. O woniino hooreejo fedde rewɓe Louisiana (1913–20). Ko kanko woni ƴeewtotooɗo usineeji gadani to New Orleans. O woniino kadi hooreejo fedde nde e gardotooɗo galle sukaaɓe rewɓe Alexander Milne. Caggal nde o walli e sosde Duɗal Sociologie Appliquée, ko kanko woni jannginoowo maggal e gardiiɗo fannu. O jibinaa ko to wuro wiyeteengo New Orleans, ko ɓiy George Hume Gordon, gardiiɗo duɗal, e Margaret (Galiece) Gordon. Wonno heen ko miñiraaɓe ɗiɗo rewɓe, Kate e Fanny, kam e miñiraaɓe ɗiɗo worɓe, George H. e William Andrew Gordon.

Gordon ina gollinoo e dille ngam rokkude rewɓe potal e nder suudu safrirdu e hakke jooɗaade wonande rewɓe gollotooɓe.

## '''Golle cuɓaaɗe'''
Golle sukaaɓe e dingiral (1911)

## '''Tuugnorgal'''
Maria Grant

**Maria Grant** (jibinaa ko **Maria Heathfield Pollard**, 1854 − 1937) ko debbo Kanadaa gadano daraniiɗo hakkeeji rewɓe to Kolommbi Biritaan, kadi ko debbo gadano to Kanadaa cuɓaaɗo e kala jappeere politik.

## '''Nguurndam gadano'''
Grant jibinaa ko to wuro Kebek, to leydi Kebek.

## '''Kugal'''
E hitaande 1895 Grant suɓaama ngam wonde debbo gadano gardiiɗo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde to Kolommbi Biritanik.

O woniino golloowo e nder fedde *Woman’s Christian Temperance Union*, o wallitorii kadi sosde fedde wiyeteende Victoria *Local Council of Women* e hitaande 1894 nde sosaa ngam wallitde jokkondiral hakkunde rewɓe e pelle rewɓe ngam yeewtidde e geɗe jowitiiɗe e renndo maɓɓe. Diiso rewɓe nokkuure Victoria yahi haa wonti Diiso gadano e nder Kanadaa ngam jaɓde suɓngooji rewɓe e Maria Grant teddinaama e Diiso ngoo ngam golle makko ko ɓuri duuɓi 30 ngam suɓaade rewɓe e hitaande 1987.

## '''Nguurndam neɗɗo'''
Grant resi injenieer marin Gordon *Grant* to Victoria e hitaande 1874. O dañi ɓiɓɓe njeenayo, heen njeeɗiɗo nguuri haa mawni.

## '''Tuugnorgal'''
Aga Khan Museum of Islamic Arts

**Musiyum naalankaagal lislaam Aga Khan** ko musiyum naalankaagal lislaam e pinal Moro tawaangal to Marawi, Lanao del Sur, Filipiin.

## Ɓawo
Mamitua Saber udditi musium oo ko ñalnde 13 lewru nduu hitaande 1962, ko adii fof ko e nder suudu wooturu, o udditaa ñalnde 23 marse 1969. Muuseum oo ummiima e nokku ɗo o woni hannde ɗoo, o wayli innde makko hannde ndee e hitaande 1963 caggal nde Aga Khan IV waɗi dokkal ngam mahngo musium jooni oo.

Musium Aga Khan mo woni nder suudu marɗo fasaad daneejo, ɗon jaɓɓoo limngal juulɓe Filipiin ɓurdungal mawnugo haa lesdi Filipiin.

## Kollitgol
Musiyum oo ina yiɗi hisnude naalankaagal leñol leñol Moro e Lumad to Mindanao, to duuɗe Sulu e to Palawan. Musium Aga Khan ina waɗi kuutorɗe kuutorteeɗe e hare e nder hareeji Moro en e Espaañnaaɓe e Ameriknaaɓe ko wayi no lantaka, kris, e kampilan.

Juulirɗe miniiurized nannduɗe e pagoda, replikaaji walla geɗe torogan, kuutorɗe jimɗi, kuutorɗe ndema ina njeyaa kadi e geɗe pinal kollitooje e nder musee oo.

E lewru desaambar 2016, haalaama wonde ko ina ɓura 300 nate kalifaandi Abdulmari Imao ina tawee e galle mooftirɗo Aga Khan.

## Tuugnorgal
Lynching of Mushtaq Ahmed

Ñalnde 12 feebariyee 2022, Mushtaq Ahmed waraa ko e juuɗe yimɓe heewɓe to Punjab, to leydi Pakistaan, caggal nde o tuumaa ko fenaande.

## Ɓawo
Binndanɗe mawɗe : Feere e nder leydi Pakistaan e Doggol ñaawoore e nder leydi Pakistaan

Kuutoragol Alla ko bonannde mawnde no feewi e nder leydi Pakistaan, tawi ko ñaawoore ɓurnde mawnude ko maayde. Leydi Pakistan ñaawii warngooji yimɓe nanngaaɓe e fenaande, hay so tawii noon ɓe mbaraani hay gooto e maɓɓe. Won e yimɓe tuumaaɓe fenaande mbaraama, ko ɓuri joofde ko Priyantha Kumara to Sialkot, Punjab, ñalnde 3 desaambar 2021. Pelle jojjanɗe aadee winndereeje e ngenndiije mbiyi wonde tuumeede fenaande ina heewi huutoreede ngam hulɓinde diineeji tokoosi.

## Linngugol
Ñalnde 12 lewru bowte hitaande 2022, to Tulamba, e nder diiwaan Khanewal, to leydi Pakistaan, Mushtaq Ahmed tuumaama e juuɗe gardiiɗo juulirde, wonde o yanii e Quraan e nder galle hee. Mobbo fiyi gorko jahroowo e duuɓi 41, mo nganndu-ɗaa ko kañum woni rafi hakkille, tawi ko baton, ax e njamndi mboɗeeri, ɓe mberli ɗum e lekki. Polis, mo yimɓe ɓee ɓuri heewde no feewi, ronki nanngude Ahmed. Polis en tato ngañiima heen; doole ɗe nanngi fotde 80 gorko tawi ko e warngo ngo. Janngugol Ahmed waɗi ko ñalnde 13 feebariyee.

## Tuugnorgal
Abada (unicorn)

E ɗemngal Kongo, **Abada** ko daaba tafngo nannduɗo e ƴiye. Abada noon ina jogii luwe ɗiɗi ɓutte, ko wayi no luwe goote unicorn. Gacce Abada ina mbaawi wonde safaara tooke e ñawu.

Nde siifaama no mawneeki puccu tokooso nii, ina waɗi wutte mbaroodi.

Ina feeña kadi e majjuɓe. Abada ina wiyee kadi Nillekma walla Arase.

## '''Tuugnorgal'''


## '''Janngude ko ɓeydi'''

Savage_Africa P8NOMs17VpgC?hl=en&gbpv=0

Horack S. Gila e ladde kaawisaaji. Ƴeewndo Angalteer keso (10531297). 2022;43(3):149-162. 10.1353/ner.2022.0067

Ko ɗoon woni ɗo binndi ceniiɗi ɗii ngoni ɗoo

Laral haa maayo Natasha Bowen hello 103.
Ajisari

E nder lislaam, **ajisãrì** ko umminoowo woɗɓe ngam juulde e juulde e nder Ramadaan. Helmere ndee ina waawi kadi firtude gollal ngal e hoore mum. Ɓe njaha galle e galle, gila e waktu 2ɓo subaka, ɓe piya kettle maɓɓe e feggere, ɓe njima (wulla) e dow daande maɓɓe. Ɗum ko golle diine tan; ko yiɗde. Hay so ajisari en ɗaminaaki yoɓde banndiraaɓe mum en, eɓe ngoongɗini wonde Alla ina yoɓa ɓe, e nder laakara, sabu ɓe ngoppii leeso maɓɓe e ɓe ngoppidi koye maɓɓe e nder lewru koorka.

Innde ndee ummii ko e helmere aarabeeɓe "*Suhur*", firti ko ñaamde subaka law e nder lewru koorka teddundu nduu ; ɗum winndee e ɗum wi'ee "sãrì" e ɗemngal Yoruba.

Ajisari yi'etee ko mo hulaani ngam ɓe ngoongɗini Allah reena ɓe ngam waɗugo kuugal maako (Alla). Ajisari oo ina gollira tan, ko ɗum addani ɓe wiyeede sahaa e sahaa fof ‘*Lone Rangers*’. So, ko wayi no Were music, ina famɗi ɗo yiyata fedde ajisari.Kono, e darorɗe kitaale 1970, fedde wootere to Ibadan, to leydi Nijeer, wiyeteende Taiwo-Kehinde Ajisari (Fedde Ajisari Banndiraaɓe ɗiɗo), yani e ndeen feere nde ɓe peeñi.

## Tuugnorgal