open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Final Exam: A Surgeon's Reflections on Mortality

**Jaŋde sakkitiinde: Miijooji cafroowo e maayde** ko deftere winndi e hitaande 2007 nde cafroowo e ganndo heeñere biyeteeɗo Pauline Chen winndi. Los Angeles Times siftinii faandaare mawnde deftere nde ko "jogaade hoore makko e wondiiɓe makko cafrooɓe ngam rokkude toppitagol ɓurngol moƴƴude e joofnirde nguurndam." O wiyi wonde "duɗe safaara ina mbaawi, ina poti waɗde golle ɓurɗe moƴƴude ngam heblude safrooɓe ngam toppitaade maayɓe."

## Tuugnorgal
Ectopic pancreas

**Pankreas ektopik** ko mboros gonɗo e ɓalndu, ɗo ƴiiƴam pankreas mawni e nokku mum no woorunoo (ektopi) tawa alaa ko jokkondiri e ƴiiƴam walla ko nanndi e ɓalndu. Ko ñawu nguu jibinaa, ina wiyee kadi pankreas heterotopik, aksesoor, walla aberrant.

## Maandeeji e maandeeji
Heewi wonde ko pankreas heterotopik alaa ko hollirta. So tawii ina woodi, maale ɗee ina mbaawi wonde : ɓuuɓri reedu e ɓuuɓri reedu.Pankreas heterotopik ina heewi anndeede ko yiytugol kesol e nder wiɗtooji ƴeewndorɗe baɗaaɗi ngam daliilu mo jokkondiraani.

Ɓowɗi pankreas ektopik ina mbaawi feeñde e kala nokku e nder reedu, hay so tawii ko ɓuri 90 e nder teemedere ina tawee e reedu,

Fooftere pankreas e nder antrum reedu

duodenum, walla jejunum.Ɗum heewi feeñde ko no ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓndi walla ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri. Ko famɗi fof, ƴiiƴam heterotopik pankreas ina waawi taweede e nder ɓalndu, e nder ƴiiƴam walla e nder heeñere.

## Ñawu nguu
Ñawndugol pankreas ektopik ina waawi wonde caɗeele. Tabitingol ñawu nguu ina ɗaɓɓi ƴettugol ƴiiƴam, rewrude e biopsie walla resection chirurgicale.

## Hurgol
So tawii maale ɗee ngalaa, ndeen safaara alaa e sago. So maale ɗee ina ngoodi, safaara oo ko ƴettude ƴiiƴam.

## Epidemiyoloji
Ko heewi e pankreas heterotopik ina famɗi no feewi.

## Tuugnorgal It is a [[disease]] which is [[Birth defect|congenital]] and is also known as heterotopic, accessory, or aberrant pancreas.
Feminine Forever

**Feminine Haa abada** ko deftere nde e hitaande 1966, nde jom suudu Ameriknaajo biyeteeɗo Robert A. Wilson winndi. Deftere ndee ina sifoo menopause e maale jokkondirɗe e ngonka ñawu nguu, kadi ina ɗaɓɓi no feewi huutoraade safaara hormonuuji gonɗi e nder estirojin ngam ustude ɗum, jogaade rewɓe e wellitaare, e moƴƴinde nguurndam e cellal. Kuutoragol Wilson ngol ñiŋaama sabu tuugnaaki e wiɗtooji e hujjaaji laaɓtuɗi. Ɗum fof e wayde noon, deftere Wilson ina yeeytee no feewi e rewɓe, ko ɗum ɓuri soodde, tawi ina waɗi heen geɗe keewɗe, ina addana ɗum en ɓeydagol jaawngol, mawngol e nder restoraaji hormon hormon. Caggal ɗuum, jarribooji ko wayi no Eɓɓaande Cellal rewɓe (WHI) ina luurdi e ɗaɓɓaande Wilson, tee hollitii wonde safaara hormon menopausal ina waawi jogaade caɗeele safaara mawɗe, ko wayi no tromboembolism venous e kanseer ɓernde, tee nafoore mum wonaa no feewi no feewi.

Duuɓi cakkitiiɗi ɗii caggal nde deftere nde yalti, hollitaama wonde peewnoowo leɗɗe estirojin Premarin yoɓii e sirlu Wilson ngam ƴellitde kuutoragol mum e rewɓe menopausal.

## Tuugnorgal
Effacement (histology)

**Effacement** ko juutde, walla ɓuuɓnude ƴiiƴam.

Ina waawi firtude ɓuuɓri reedu. Ina waawi kadi firtude feere waɗnde e nder podositteeji e nder mboros nefrotik.

E nder histopatoloji, ko ɗum firti ko ɓadtaade momtugol ƴiiƴam, hono no parenkiima ƴiiƴam no woorunoo e won e kanseeruuji.

## Tuugnorgal
Eggs per gram

**Egguuji e nder gram** (egguuji/g) ko ƴeewndo laboratuwaar ngam anndude limoore egguuji e nder gram gooto e ƴiiƴam ñawɓe tuumaaɓe wondude e ñawu nguu, ko wayi no mboros biyeteeɗo schistosomiasis.

Fotde limoore egguuji e nder gram ko feere adannde ngam anndude ñawu nguu, ko wayi no ƴeewndo ƴiiƴam. Egguuji e kala gram walla analyse goɗɗo hono larve e kala gram e ƴiiƴam ina jeyaa e jarribooji ɓurɗi teeŋtude baɗeteeɗi e nder laboratuwaaruuji parasitologie.

## Laawol limtude limoore egguuji e nder gram :

## Laawol Willis ngol

## Laawol McMaster ngol

## Laawol Clayton-Lane

## Ƴeew kadi

## Teknik Kato

## Helminteeji

## Tuugnorgal

* McMaster method
* Clayton-Lane method
Formula Comitis Archiatrorum

**Foormula Komitis Arkiyatrorum woni** ko ɓuri anndeede e koɗki safaara. Nde winndaa ko e teeminannde 5ɓiire, e laamu laamɗo Ostrogotik biyeteeɗo Teodorik, nde resndaa ko e golle Cassiodorus. Ina ɗaɓɓi e safrooɓe ɓee nde ɓe njaajnata e ɓe ɓeyda ganndal maɓɓe, ɓe mbaɗa diisnondiral e safrooɓe woɗɓe. 

## Tuugnorgal
Eosinophilic

**Eosinophilic** (suffix -phil e ɗemngal Gerek, firti ko yiɗde eosin) ina siftina mbayliigu ƴiye, ƴiye, walla ƴiye ƴiye caggal nde ɗe loowaa e eosin, woni mbayliigu ɓurngu huutoreede e mbayliigu histoloji.

Eosin ko mbaydi asid ngam ustude sitoplasma cellal, kolaajen, e fiɓnde ɓalndu Eosinofilik ina siftina peeñgol ƴiye e mbaydiiji yiytaaɗi e taƴe histoloji ƴettuɗe mbaydi mbaydi eosin.Hono mbaydiiji eosinofilik ɗii, e nder keewceeral, ko poroteyiin.

Eosin ina heewi hawreede e taƴre wiyeteende hematoksilin ngam waɗde taƴre taƴre hematoksilin e eosin (ina wiyee kadi taƴre H&E, taƴre HE walla H+E). Ko ɗum mbaydi histoloji ɓurndi huutoreede ngam ƴeewde ñawu nguu.So patoloji ƴeewtiima biopsie kanseer tuumaaɗo, ɓe mbayla biopsie oo e H&E.

Won e mbaydiiji yiytaaɗi e nder geese ina cifaa ko eosinofiil ; yeru, ɓalli Lewy e Mallory.Won e ƴiye ina cifaa kadi ko eosinofilik, ko wayi no Leukositte.

## Ƴeew kadi
Basofilik (jokkondiral e hematoksilin)

## Eosinofil

## Eosinofiliya

## Meninjitis eosinofilik

## Asidofil (histoloji)

## Tuugnorgal ''Eosinophilic'' describes the appearance of cells and structures seen in [[Histological section|histological sections]] that take up the staining dye eosin. Such eosinophilic structures are, in general, composed of [[protein]]. [[Leukocytes]].
Orthopaedic Nurse Certified

**Infirmier Orthopedic, Certified** (ONC) woni innde infirmier orthopedic mo heɓi seed an tags njuɓɓudi infirmiyeeji ummoraade e njuɓɓudi seedantaagal infirmiyee orthopedique (ONCB) .

## Sifaa golle
ONBC ina wallita e yahrude yeeso cellal ñawɓe ortopedi e rokkude seedantaagal to infirmiyee ortopedi ngam ɓeydude ganndal e golle maɓɓe ngam wallitde ñawɓe wonduɓe e ngonka ortopedi walla gaañiiɓe.

Infirmier Orthopedic ina halfinaa ƴeewtaade ñawɓe hesɓe, ƴeewtaade ngonka ñawɓe maɓɓe jooni ɓee, e rokkude safaaraaji e leɗɗe. E nder ndee darnde, infirmiyee oo ina ƴeewa kadi maale nguurndam, ina ƴeewtoo gite seppooji ɗii, ina rokka mbayliigu ɓoornungal, ina humpita doktoor oo kala waylo waylo ngonka ñawɗo oo. E joofnirde, infirmiyee Ortopedik ina waɗa kadi karallaagal infirmiyee kuuɓtodinngal, ko wayi no waylude leɗɗe, wallitde ñawɗo oo e yah-ngartaa, jogaade peeje toppitagol, rokkude leɗɗe IV, e humpitaade e wallitde ñawɗo oo e ɓesnguuji mum.

Faandaare ɓurnde moƴƴude wonande safroowo Orthopedic ko jogaade ñawɗo oo wellitaare, ɗuum ina waawi ɗaɓɓude wirnude ñawɗo oo e rokkude ɗum ñawbuuli no haanirta nii.

## Jaŋde e seedantaagal
Jaŋde seedantaagal Ortopedik ina waɗi 150 naamne, heen 135 ina njogii toɓɓe, 15 keddiiɗe ɗee ina mbaɗa toɓɓere. 97/135 ina haani ngam heɓde jaŋde ndee. Njeñtudi ndii ko AMP, woni yeeyoowo jarribo ONCB, jaɓɓotoo ɗum. Ndeen ONCB ina renndina njeñtudi ndii to bannge jom seedantaagal kesal. ONCB renndintaa njeñtudi ndii e juɓɓule keewɗe. Jaŋde ndee ina heewi waɗeede e lewru Fall e Spring, ina waɗee e nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik. Ngam ƴettude ekzamen seedantaagal, infirmier oo ina foti jogaade license e jogaade ko famɗi fof duuɓi 2 kono alaa ko haani e dipolomaaji baccalauréat. Infirmier en ina poti jogaade waktuuji 1000 ngam toppitaade ñawɓe Orthopedic e nder duuɓi 3 cakkitiiɗi ɗii. Seedantaagal ina jokki duuɓi 5, caggal ɗuum ina ɗaɓɓi seedantaagal kesal walla jaŋde jokkondire.

## Seedantaagal
*Recertification* e nder Infirmière Orthopédique ina ɗaɓɓi 1000 waktuuji gollal limtaaɗi e nder duuɓi 5 jawtuɗi ɗii e 100 waktuuji jaŋde : waktuuji 70 e nder Infirmiyee Orthopedique e waktuuji 30 e nder infirmiyeeji kuuɓtodinɗi. Ɗaɓɓaande ndee ina waawi ƴettude jonte 8 ngam ƴeewteede. Ɗaɓɓaaɗe kaayitaaji ina poti neldeede tawa ina njogii seedantaagal ngartam.

## Ƴeew kadi
Doggol seedanteeje infirmiyee

## Jokkondire yaajɗe
Lowre e lowre seedantaagal infirmiyee en ortopedi

## Tuugnorgal
Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 1995

**Sariya haɗde jibinannde feccere** ko kuulal ngal hooreejo leydi Florida, hono Charles T. Canady, yaltini e nder Kongres Amerik e hitaande 1995, ngal haɗi dille e ittude ɓiɗɗo, sahaa e sahaa fof ina wiyee jibinannde feccere, ko ɗum kuulal ngal sifotoo ko « jibinannde feccere nde neɗɗo baɗɗo jibinannde feccere ndee jibinata ɓiɗɗo oo ɓiɗɗo e timminde jibinannde". Waɗi noon, kuulal ngal yiɗi ko ittude ruttaade e lewru tataɓuru. Helmere « jibinannde feccere » nde Kanadaa ƴetti, meeɗaa anndeede e Fedde Ameriknaare safrooɓe walla e Fedde Ameriknaare toppitiinde safrooɓe jibinannde e rewɓe E noowammbar 1995, suudu sarɗiiji ƴetti kuulal ngal. Doktooruuji ñaawraaɓe e dow kuulal ngal maa keɓ njoɓdi, haa duuɓi ɗiɗi kasoo. Kuulal ngal ko suudu sarɗiiji ɗiɗi ɗii fof njaɓi ɗum, kono caggal ɗuum, hooreejo leydi ndii, hono Bill Clinton, salii ɗum.

Luulndiiɓe kuulal ngal mbiyi wonde laabi D & X ɗii mbaɗata tan ko e caɗeele teeŋtuɗe e nder reedu walla so tawii jibinannde ndee ina waawi bonnude nguurndam yumma oo ; daraniiɓe ɗum mbiyi ko ɓuri heewde ko ngam dalillaaji cuɓaaɗi tan.[3] Ɗee hujjaaji luurondirɗi fof ina njogii won e tuugnorgal goonga kono ummorii ko e peccitagol ceertungol laabi D & X ; anti-Ban activists tuugnii ko e limooje mum en tan ko e ruttaade caggal nguurndam, ɓe njejjitaani wonde ruttaade ko adii nguurndam ina waɗi ko ɓuri 90 e nder teemedere e laabi D & X.  Kuutoragol helmere "elective" nde daraniiɓe Ban, bannge goɗɗo oo, ina yeddi haa laaɓi geɗe baɗɗe faayiida ko wayi no sukaaɓe, baasal, e baasal, ɗe njiɗi rewɓe suɓaade D & X.

Suudu nduu ƴaañii veto hooreejo leydi Clinton e hitaande 1996, kono Senaa ina ŋakki wooteeji keewɗi e 2/3 ko ɗaɓɓiraa e marge 58 yeas haa 40 nays. The Republican-controlled Congress tried to push a similar ban in January 1997 with House Resolution 1122, but again its efforts were defeated by President Clinton's veto. Kongres mo Republicain en njiimi etinooma ustude haɗde nanndunde e ɗuum e lewru Yarkomaa 1997 e kuulal suudu sarɗiiji 1122, kono kadi darnde mum foolaama sabu veto hooreejo leydi Clinton. Ko nanndi e ɗuum, caggal ɗuum, kuulal ƴettaa e hitaande 2003, hono kuulal haɗde jibinannde feccere, ngal hooreejo leydi ndii, hono George W. Bush, siifondiri e sariya.

## '''Ƴeew kadi'''

* Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003
* Gonzales v. Carhart

## '''Tuugnorgal'''
Pharmacists for Life International

**Pharmacists for Life International** (PFLI) ko fedde winndereyankoore daraniinde nguurndam, daraniinde hakkeeji farmasiyankooɓe saliiɓe hebbinde walla rokkude leɗɗe cafrorteeɗe ngam haɗde jibinannde artificielle, hormonal, walla e nder sahaa ɓuuɓɗo.

Hooreejo PFLI, Karen Brauer, riiwaama e hitaande 1996 e nder farmasi Kmart to Delphi, Ohio, sabu mum salaade heblude leɗɗe cafrorteeɗe ngam haɓaade jibinannde. Centre Ameriknaajo ngam sariya e nuunɗal (ACLJ) lomtii Brauer, o ñaawii Kmart to Ñaawirde Toownde Amerik to Cincinnati e lewru ut 1999. E lewru Yarkomaa 2001, ñaawirde ndee salii ɗaɓɓaande Kmart ngam woppude ñaawoore ndee, nde wiyi wonde ñaawoore Brauer ina waawi yahrude yeeso e les njiimaandi Ohio', haaju mum1. 2001, e nder yeewtere Fox News The O'Reilly Factor, Brauer jaɓii wonde o saliima walla o saliima heblude restoraaji ɗii, kono, o fennii soodoowo oo, o wiyi farmasi oo ina ŋakki e restoraaji ɗi o haalata ɗii (Micronor), ɗi Brauer "joginoo". Nde soodoowo oo anndi goonga o wullitii e njuɓɓudi magasin o, ɗum addani ɗum waɗde haala ka addani Brauer ñaawde.[citation needed] Ñaawoore Brauer ndee dartinaama.

## '''Tuugnorgal'''


## '''Jokkondire yaajɗe'''
Lowre PFLI
Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital

**Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital** ko asibiti janngirde laamu fedde nde woni ko e Diiwaal Kano, leydi Naajeeriya. Ko adii ɗuum ko asibiti janngingol duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Bayero. Mawɗo safrooɓe hannde oo ko Abdurrahmaan Abba Sheshe.

Asibiti jannginoowo Aminu Kano ina gollina golle tati mawɗe: heblo janngooɓe safaara e safrooɓe Resident, rokkude ñawɓe safaara keeriiɗo, e wiɗtooji teeŋtuɗi ngam ɓamtude ganndal safaara.

Asibiti oo ina waɗi nafoore e heblo janngooɓe safaara to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Bayero e safrooɓe caggal duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde (heblo hoɗorde). Nde winnditii nafoore e nder duuɓi, ina jeyaa heen wonde asibiti laamu gadano waɗde ƴeewndo ƴiiƴam moƴƴo e hitaande 2002, e gonnooɗo hooreejo safaara, Parfesaajo Abdulhamid Isa Dutse, waɗii nafoore e ƴeewndo ngoo.

## Battaare
Asibiti jannginoowo Aminu Kano ina jogii departemaaji sappo e jeegom : Safaara ndernderiijo, Safaara sukaaɓe, Safaara jibinannde e rewɓe, Safaara gite, Safaara ENT, Safaara dental e Maksilofasiyaal, Safaara Rajo, Histopatoloji, Patoloji kemikal, Hematoloji e mikroobiyoloji ƴiiƴam 

## Ardorde

* AKTH ko annduɓe safaara tedduɓe ceertuɓe njuɓɓini ɗum.
* Prof. Sadiq Suleiman Wali – karallo ko faati e cellal ɓalli e hooreejo safaara gadano e opitaal.
* Porfesoor Abdulhamid Isa Dutse– ganndo ko faati e ƴiiƴam e onkoloji, o woniino CMD tuggi 2003 haa 2011.
* Prof. Aminu Zakari Muhammed – ko ganndo ko faati e histopatoloji, ko kanko kadi woni CMD.
* Prof. Abdurrahman Abba Sheshe – ko doktoor seerndoyɗo e hooreejo safaara hannde (toɗɗaaɗo e hitaande 2019).

## Hesɗitinde
Renndo faggudu dowla Afrik hirnaange (ECOWAS) feewnitii nokku rehabilitaasiyoŋ e nokku safrugol dorog e nder safrirde jannginooɓe.

### Kugal
E lewru Ogost 2024, suudu safrirdu geriatrics fuɗɗaama nder suudu nyawndiigu, ndu woni arandeeru nder woyla lesdi Naajeeriya.

### Gollondiral
Ospitaal jannginoowo Aminu Kano e Universitätsmedizin Greifswald (UMG), opitaal to Almaañ ina mballondiri e Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe ngam ɓeydude kisal ƴiiƴam e nder leydi ndii kala.

## Firooji
Jaami'aare Janngirde Ilorin

**Jaami'aare janngirde Ilorin (University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital) (UITH)** woni suudu nyawndiigu arandeeru nder Diiwaal Kwara, Naajeeriya. Asibiti oo ina jokki e ƴellitde ngonkaaji safaara keewɗi, ina jeyaa heen eklampsiya e COVID'19. ina jeyaa kadi e nokkuuji cellal e nder leyɗeele ƴellitiiɗe, baɗooji ballal paltoor ina jeyaa heen ballal ŋakkere, njuɓɓudi maale ñawu nguu e reentaade ñawu nguu. sifaa bonɗo ɓurɗo heewde safreede e UITH ko kanseer ɓernde.

## Taariha
Hakkunde 1972 e 1982, 138 577 jibinannde e 624 maayde yumma ina limtaa e nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ilorin Teaching Hospital(UITH), ɗum noon ko 4,50 e nder 1 000 jibinannde.

E wiyde wiɗto waɗaango to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ilorin Teaching Hospital e hitaande 2014, ko sifaa nofru Platyrrhine ɓuri heewde e Ilorin, tawi ɓuri heewde e worɓe e rewɓe.

E hitaande 2020, caggal nde rafi korona feeñi, UITH seerndi 25 gollotooɓe cellal ɓe mbiyata ina njokkondiri e konte gonɗe e rafi o, Obanimomo mo haa jooni maayi e fawaade e ciimtol ngol hooreejo safaara, Prof. Abdullahi Yussuf holliti e sahaa rafi o.

### Jaɓde nokku ɗo yimɓe njippintee
E hitaande 2022, ministeer cellal fedde nde jaɓii nokku cellal kuuɓtodinɗo keso mo komisiyoŋ oo to Idi-Isin Ilorin ngam wonde nokku ɗo opitaal jannginoowo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ilorin.

Fedde Ƴellitaare Ilorin (IEDPU) e nder bayyinaango ngo Alhaji Aliyu Ota yaltini, e nder batu ngenndiwal 58ɓo fedde nde e lewru Duujal, 2023, noddii hakkille guwerneer diiwaan Kwara, e njuɓɓudi UITH bonndi.

Ina wiyee wonde yiite bonnii won e nokkuuji e nder suudu safrirdu nduu ina heen kaɓirɗe ordinateer e farmasi e lewru abriil, 2024.

## Komisoŋ ICU
Ko suudu safrirdu ɓuuɓndu inniraandu Batuli Ajiferuke Shagaya, dokkal ngal tergal galle Shagaya rokki ɗum, ko laamu diiwaal Kwara e lewru Yuuli, 2024.[1]

## Battaare

* Kilinik
* Anestesi
* Ko njibinaaka e nder invitro
* Epidernoloji
* Gite
* Fisiyoterapi
* Farmasi
* Seekogu
* Sarwiis infirmiyee
* Aksidaa e Emerjensi
* Ñaamde
* Uroloji
* Lekki
* Rajo-yoloji
* Ñawbuuli sukaaɓe
* NHIS
* Cellal renndo
* Heematoloji

## Firooji
Asibiti Janngirde Jaami'aare Naajeeriya

**Asibiti janngirde Jaami'aare Naajeeriya (University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital)** ko asibiti janngirde laamu lesdi Naajeeriya woni haa Ituku-Ozalla, Diiwal Enugu, Naajeeriya. Mawɗo gardiiɗo safaara hannde oo ko Obinna Onodugo.

## Taariha
Asibiti janngirde Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Naajeeriya mahi ɗum ko e fuɗɗoode teeminannde 20th, ko ardiiɓe koloñaal en mahi ɗum. Caggal nde Naajeeriya heɓi ndimaagu mum e hitaande 1960, nde wayli wonti asibiti mawɗo. Nde wayliima wonti asibiti keeriiɗo ñalnde 1 Yuuli 1970, laamu diiwaan fuɗnaange hakkundeejo. Gomnati sooje'en lesdi Naajeeriya hoosi suudu nyawndiigu bee umroore limngal 23 hitaande 1974, nden o acci hukuumaaji pamari ɗin haa juuɗe kawtal jaami'aare Naajeeriya. E lewru sulyee 1976 caggal toɗɗagol yiilirde toppitiinde ko fayti e njuɓɓudi laamu, asibiti oo heɓi hoore mum. Ñalnde 8 lewru Yaanayru hitaande 2007, asibiti oo ummiima e nokku duumotooɗo to Ituku-Ozalla.

## Battaare
Asibiti oo ina waɗi 41 battaare mawɗo e postooji tati ko wayi no.

* Jaami'aare lesdi Naajeeriya asibiti janngirde, nokkuure njamu kuugal, Obukpa
* Asibiti janngirde Jaami'aare Naajeeriya, nokkuure njamu kuugal, Abagana
* Jaami'aare Naajeeriya janngirde suudu nyawndiigu, nokkuure njamu kuugal, Isuochi

## Janngirde

* Post Ophthalmic Nursing
* Medical Records
* School of Nursing
* Medical Laboratory Science
* Peri-Operative Nursing
* Nurse Anaesthetists
* Cardiothoracic Nursing
* Midwifery
* Community Health

## Hooreeɓe Battaare

## Firooji
Asibiti Janngirde Jaami'aare Port Harcourt

**Asibiti Janngirde Jaami'aare Port Harcourt** woni suudu nyawndiigu arandeeru nder Diiwaal Rivers, Naajeeriya.

## Bana
Sosaa ko e lewru Epriil 1980, laamu fedde ndee yamiri ɗum e hitaande 1985, ko nokku janngirde mawnde e nder Diiwaal Rivers. Ko sabu yiɗde laamu nguu waɗde golle cafrirɗe moƴƴe, e heblooji gollotooɓe, e wiɗtooji e nder denndaangal nokkuuji geɗe politik leydi ndii.

Mandat Asibiti oo ummorii ko e kuulal 10 hitaande 1985, kuulal Asibitiuuji janngirɗe duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde (reconstitution de la Board ekn). Mawɗo gardiiɗo safaara hannde oo ko parfeesa biyeteeɗo Henry Arinze Antoni Ugboma. Nde nde fuɗɗii ndee, ko 60 leeso ɓuri huutoreede. Caggal nde o arti e nokku makko duumotooɗo e hitaande 2006, asibiti oo ɓeydaama haa 500 leeso e ko ɓuri ɗum.

Asibiti janngirde Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Port Harcourt ina njuɓɓinee e nder njuɓɓudi njuɓɓudi toɓɓe tati tawa ina waɗi - Yiilirde Njuɓɓudi, Goomu Njuɓɓudi Asibiti (HMC) e Battaare. Fotde 200 000 ñawɗo ina njiyee hitaande kala e nder nokkuuji ɗiɗi ɗii fof e nder nokkuuji safrirde e nokkuuji safrirde wellitaare a3, as0. Hakindo limgol leeso e nder lebbi 12 ɓeydiima ko ɓuri 80%. Gaa gaa hokkude golle safaara, asibiti oo ina heewi rokkude jaŋde e heblo safaara e almudɓe, e infirmiyee en, e gollotooɓe e cellal woɗɓe. E nder duuɓi, golle wiɗtooji keewɗi e njeñtudi ummoraade e dente mum yuɓɓinaaɗe peeñii e jaayɗe keewɗe mawɗe e nder leydi ndii e nder winndere ndee to bannge safaara e ganndal.

## Yiilirde njuɓɓudi

* H.E Mahktar Ahned Anka (Hooreejo)
* Doktoor Nuuhu Andrew
* Olori oladunni Sijuwade
* Adm. Ogbor Silvanus Fueseme
* Hon. Maina Mahammed Tar

## Firooji
Asibiti Janngirde Jaami'aare Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo

**Asibiti Janngirde Jaami'aare Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo (Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital)** ko asibiti laamu gonɗo to Sokoto, leydi Najeriya. Ko ɗum nokku janngirde janngooɓe kilinik janngooɓe to jaami'aare Usman Danfodiyo. Ina jeyaa e sarɗiiji goɗɗi, asibiti oo ina safra ñawɓe kaaƴe ƴiiƴam.

## Taariha
Asibiti jannginoowo oo siifondirii e nokku Urologie e Nephrologie mo Janngirde Jaami'aare Mansoura to leydi Misira ngam fuɗɗaade seppooji ƴiiƴam e nder asibiti oo e hitaande 2020. Jaagorgal cellal yamiri mahngo nokku Cardiotoracic, nokku Brachytherapy, e departemaa safaara Nukliiya, tawi nokku Intensive ɓeydaama e hitaande 2022.

## Njuɓɓudi
E hitaande 2018, Anas Ahmad Sabir toɗɗaama hooreejo hukuumaaji pamari ɗi Mohammadu Buhari waɗi duuɓi nayi, nden o toɗɗaama dow kuugal man nder hitaande 2022 diga laamu lesdi Naajeeriya.

## Baɗte
Asibiti jannginoowo oo siifondirii e laamu diiwaan Sokoto e hitaande 2018, tawi ko konsulteeruuji tati ummoriiɗi e UDUTH, toɗɗaa e asibitiiji tati e nder laddeeji Sokoto ngam wallitde haajuuji ñawɓe ɓe ŋakkeende safrooɓe toɗɗii. Njoɓdi maɓɓe ko laamu leydi ndi yoɓata.

Opereeji ƴiiƴam ɗi ngalaa njoɓdi mbaɗaama e asibiti jannginoowo oo e ballondiral e Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe ngam Opereeji Uroloji (NAUS), e hitaande 2018.

## Janngirde

* School of Community Health (SOCH)
* School of Nursing
* School of Post Basic & Midwifery
* School of Health Information Management (SHIM)
* School of Post Basic Perioperative Nursing
* School of Post Basic Paediatrics Nursing

## Kuugal

# Resident Doctors (Various Specialities)
# Medical Officers
# Pharmacists
# Physiotherapists
# Senior Nursing Officers
# Nursing Officers II

## Firooji
Asibiti Janngirde Jaami'aare Diiwal Delta

**Asibiti Janngirde Jaami'aare Diiwal Delta (Delta State University Teaching Hospital)** (anndiraaɗo DELSUTH) ko asibiti to Oghara, leydi Naajeeriya. Nde udditaama ñalnde 10 lewru Yuuni hitaande 2020 e juuɗe Goodluck Jonathan, gonnooɗo hooreejo leydi Naajeeriya, ngam rokkude ballal cellal toowngal e nder janngingol janngooɓe safaara to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Diiwal Delta, Abraka. Ko ɗoon nokku oo woni to Oghara e nder diiwaal laamu leydi Ecoppi, to diiwaan Delta, to bannge worgo-fuɗnaange leydi Naajeeriya. 

Asibiti Janngirde Jaami'aare Diiwal Delta (DELSUTH), ko kañum kadi woni fedde jokkondirnde e Janngirde Jaami'aare Diiwaal Delta (Abraka).

## Firooji
Fragmenta de viribus

Feccere viribus ko deftere tuugnorgal omeopaatiik yaltinaande to Leipzig e hitaande 1805.

Winndi deftere ndee ko Samuel Hahnemann, nde yaltinaa ko e ɗemngal Latin, e nder defte ɗiɗi. Tiitoonde ndee timmunde ko Fragmenta de viribus medicamentorum : positivis sive in sano corpore humano observatis (Ƴeewte peccitagol jowitiiɗe e doole moƴƴe leɗɗe e ɓanndu neɗɗo celluɗo).

Deftere adannde Fragmenta de viribus ina limta maale laaɓtuɗe ɗe leɗɗe 27 ceertuɗe ngaddata."Maale keewɗe feeñde ɗee teeŋtinaama e italik. Deftere ɗiɗaɓere ndee ina waɗi denndaangal maale ɗee e nder doggol alkule."

Fragmenta de viribus ina limta batte cellal leɗɗe 27 kuutorteeɗe no feewi no winndiraa e binndanɗe safaara ɗee wondude e teskuyaaji Hahnemann e hoore mum ummoraade e ƴettugol leɗɗe ɗee e hoore mum : « Koolol gadanol batte leɗɗe ... fawaade e teskuyaaji makko e teskuyaaji woɗɓe ko, no anndiranoo nii, F viridbus worklimento, . 1805."[4] Ɗee ko "geɗe safaara ɗe golle mum laaɓtuɗe pathogenetic o anndi e jarribooji e hoore makko, e ɓesngu makko, e sehilaaɓe makko seeɗa."

Fragmenta de viribus haalaani ko fayti e omeopaati walla kala miijooji safaara, alaa ko haali ko fayti e kuutoragol mum en. Kono tan, ina yaaji, ko ɗum woni ko adii deftere Hahnemann, nde feccere wootere yaltinaa e hitaande 1811 : « deftere Medica Pura ndee ina joginoo ko adii ɗum e nder Fragmenta ». "Golle ɗee, puɗɗaaɗe e "Fragmenta", njokki e "Materia Medica Pura", deftere adannde nde feeñi e hitaande 1811 rewi heen defte joy goɗɗe haa hitaande 1821."

Tuugnorgal
De Gradibus

De Gradibus ko deftere Arab nde cafroowo aarabeejo biyeteeɗo Al-Kindi (hedde 801-873 caggal Iisaa) yaltini. De gradibus woni innde deftere nde e ɗemngal latin. Innde woɗnde deftere ndee ko Quia Primos.

E nder De Gradibus, Al-Kindi ina etoo huutoraade hiisa e nder farmakoloji ngam limtude semmbe leɗɗe. E wiyde Prioreschi, ko ngol woni go’o ko eɓɓaande limto (quantitude) tiiɗnde e nder safaara.[2] E nder dille firo aarabeeɓe-latin e teeminannde 12ɓiire, De Gradibus firti ɗum e ɗemngal latin ko Gerard mo Cremona. Miijo hiisiwal Al-Kindi ina saɗti, ina saɗi rewde ; Roger Bacon wiyi wonde feere makko ngam hiisaade doole ñawu nguu ina saɗi no feewi huutoreede.

Tuugnorgal
Gray's Anatomy for Students

**Gray’s Anatomy for Students** ko deftere janngirnde anatomi nde deftere Gray’s Anatomy (Anatomy Grey) lollunde ndee ƴetti, nde ɓuri fawaade e janngooɓe safaara. Deftere janngirnde ndee yettaama sabu mbaadi mum kesiri, teeŋtinndi laaɓal e mbaadi miijo e janngugol.Binndol ngol ina fadi hollirde miijooji baɗɗiiɗi wonande janngooɓe kiropraktik, dental, safaara, e fisik.

Gray's Anatomy huutoraa ko no tuugnorgal mawngal nii, wonande binndol ngol e nate ɗee fof.

## Tuugnorgal
Hallucinations (book)

**Hallucinations** ko deftere winndi e hitaande 2012, nde ganndo ko faati e ƴiiƴam biyeteeɗo Oliver Sacks winndi. E nder Hallucinations, Sacks ina siftora daartol hallucinations e geɗe goɗɗe baylotooɗe hakkille ñawɓe makko e hoore makko, o huutorii ɗe ngam etaade laaɓtinde won e sifaaji e mbaydiiji ngaandi ina jeyaa heen ɓuuɓri hoore makko.

## Samere
Hallucinations winndaa ko e anniya ittude tikkere hallucinations e gite renndo e aduna safaara. Deftere nde ina feccii e boowe sappo e joyi; kala tonngoode ina jokkondiri e ƴeewndo ceertungo e hallucinations ɗe Sacks waɗi. Hallucinations cifaaɗe e ndee deftere ummorii ko e ɓiyleydi ñalnde kala e geɗe mum, ɗe kuutortee ngam jokkondirde e mbaydi e golle ngaandi neɗɗo celluɗo e maande hallucinations. Sacks ina siftina kadi batte moƴƴe ɗe hallucinations njogii e pinal e naalankaagal.

Sacks ina teskaa wonde maande hallucinations ina jogii maanaa bonɗo mo renndo ngoo tagi. Faandaare Hallucinations ko ittude kulol renndo ngoo e maale jowitiiɗe e ñawu hakkille, tawa ina hollira geɗe keewɗe ɗo yimɓe celluɓe keɓata hallucinations. Sacks ina huutoroo kadi ndee deftere ngam jannginde renndo ngo sifaaji gonɗi e mbaydiiji keewɗi e tuugnorgal neurobiyoloji caggal mbaydiiji.

Njeenaaje e teddungal

2014 Doggol juutngol njeenaari deftere Welcome

## Tuugnorgal
Handbook on Drug and Alcohol Abuse

**Defter janngirde** ko faati e ñawu nguu e alkol: geɗe safaara nguurndam nde Gail Winger, Frederick G. Hofmann, e James H. Woods mbinndi, yaltinaa to New York, to jaaynde jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Oxford e hitaande 1992. Deftere 4ɓiire, hesɗitinaande e tonngoode ko faati e « ñawu nguu e nder fedde » yaltinaa e hitaande 204.

## Jaɓɓugo
Deftere nde heɓi jaɓɓungal jillondirngal e jaayɗe safaara.

Deftere adannde ndee yaltinaa ko e hitaande 1975, nde Frederick Hofmann e Adele Hofmann mbinndi ɗum, hono deftere ko faati e ñawu nguu e alkol.

## Tuugnorgal
Healthy Babies Are Happy Babies

Ɓiɓɓe celluɓe ko ɓiɓɓe welɓe: Deftere timmunde ngam yummiraaɓe jamaanu ko deftere ɓurnde lollude ngam toppitaade sukaaɓe nde doktoor sukaaɓe Ameriknaajo biyeteeɗo Josephine Kenyon winndi nde Little, Brown e Company yaltini e hitaande 1934.

Ɓawo
Deftere nde jeyaa ko e fannu defte toppitiiɗe sukaaɓe ɗe Luther Emmett Holt fuɗɗii e hitaande 1894 e deftere mum wiyeteende « Toppitagol e ñamminde sukaaɓe ». Lowre deftere ndee ina hollita eeraango Kenyon e laamu ngu o yi’ata ko yumma e cafroowo. E nder ƴeewndooji maggal joy (ɗiɗi cakkitiiɗi ɗi o winndi e ɓiyiiko debbo biyeteeɗo Ruth Kenyon Russell) wasiyaaji makko njalti ko e teeŋtinde limlebbiiji tiiɗɗi haa e hirjinde limlebbiiji "e dow ɗaɓɓaande" tuugiiɗi e cukalel ngel. Teeŋtinaama ƴellitaare cellal cukalel ngel e nder ɓernde mum, ko noon kadi nafoore cellal yumma oo hade mum jibinde e caggal jibineede.[m

Jaɓɓugo
Deftere Kenyon ndee ina yiɗaa no feewi, nde waɗii binndi sappo e jeenay e nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik, nde waɗii firooji joy caggal leydi.[8] Deftere ndee ina manti no feewi sabu wasiyaaji mum baɗɗi faayiida e eeraango mum wonande yummiraaɓe e safrooɓe fof. Hazel Corbin, hooreejo fedde Maternity Center Association, jaɓii deftere nde e dow weltaare, o wiyi yummiraaɓe kesi ɓee wonde "wasiyaaji ɓurɗi moƴƴude ɗi mbaaw-mi rokkude on e toppitagol sukaaɓe ko heɓde heen deftere ndee."

Tuugnorgal
Ohio Right to Life

**Hakke nguurndam Ohio** ko fedde haɓantoonde ruttaade e sukaaɓe, jooɗiinde to Columbus, Ohio. Ko Jack Willke e debbo mum Barbara cosi nde e hitaande 1967. Hooreejo mayre ko Michael Gonidakis, mo guwerneer Ohio John Kasich toɗɗii e hitaande 2012 e nder fedde toppitiinde safaara leydi ndii.

## '''Kuɗe'''
Hakke nguurndam Ohio sosaa ko e hitaande 1967, ko Jack Willke e debbo mum Barbara.  Nde naatnaa e fedde wiyeteende Ohio Right to Life Society Inc., nde birooji mayre mawɗi ngoni to Cleveland, ko adii nde Goomu Cellal e Wellitaare suudu Ohio jaɓata waylude sariya ruttaade e leydi ndii.

Fedde ndee heɓiino ñiŋooje e pelle goɗɗe luulndiiɗe ruttaade e sukaaɓe sabu waasde wallitde haɗde ruttaade e nder yontereeji jeegom, tawi noon ina sikkaa ko ɗum huunde tiiɗnde no feewi e ñaawoore Roe v. Wade. E nder heen, ɓe njiɗi ko "chipping away" to Roe ɓeydotoo, fuɗɗoraade e sariyaaji haɗooji ruttaade caggal jonte 20 jibinannde. E hitaande 2011, fedde nde e batu katolik en to Ohio, luulndiima "kuulal gonngal e ɓernde ɓiɗɗo", HB 125, ngal naatnaa e suudu sarɗiiji e hitaande 2011. Sabu luulndaade haɗde rewɓe ruttaade e nder yontereeji jeegom, kanko Willke o ñiŋii fedde nde e ndeen hitaande, o wiyi, "...caggal fotde duuɓi 40 ruttaade e dow ɗaɓɓaande, yontii nde ƴettata feere cuusal.""

E hitaande 2017, fedde ndee etinooma ɗaɓɓude e suudu sarɗiiji leydi Ohio ngam haɗde dille e evacuation, ko ɗum woni laawol ɓurngol huutoreede ngam ruttaade e sukaaɓe e nder reedu ɗiɗaɓuru. Haɗeede miijo ngoo waɗataano ko seerti e njulaagu e njulaagu. Haɗeede miijo ngoo ina addana ɗum waɗde feere ndee e nder geɗe ɗe ina hisna nguurndam yumma oo walla ina addana ɗum waɗde feere ndee ngam ustude ɓiɗɗo.

## '''Ardorde'''
Hooreejo fedde Ohio Hakke Nguurndam ko Michael Gonidakis, mo guwerneer John Kasich toɗɗii fedde toppitiinde safaara leydi ndii e hitaande 2012. Peter Range woni gardiiɗo gollordu nduu gila 2023.

## '''Tuugnorgal'''


## '''Jokkondire yaajɗe'''
Lowre laawɗunde

Ohio Hakke Nguurndam e OpenSecrets.org
Having a Great Birth in Australia

**Jogaade jibinannde mawnde e nder leydi Ostarali** ko deftere ɗiɗmere nde winndiyanke Ostarali biyeteeɗo David Vernon winndi.

Deftere ndee ko antoloji baylaaɗi e jibinannde, kollitooje wonde jibinannde ina waawi wonde huunde moƴƴere, teskinnde e nguurndam, tee alaa e sago, e ballal laaɓtungal, wona mboros mo jaayɗe keewi wiyde ko jibinannde woni. Geɗe cifaaɗe ɗee ina ceerti, gila e jibinannde seernaaɓe e jibinannde VBAC, haa e jibinannde waɗeteende e nder galle e nder nokku jibinannde walla e nder suudu jibinannde. Yummaɓe wonɓe e ndee deftere fof cuɓii ko jibinannde mum en ko jibinannde gooto. Ɗee daartol ina kollita geɗe teskinɗe e jibinannde, ina kuutoree ngam jannginde jibinannde. Ina woodi kadi sifaa 6uu6ol e jibinannde maaynde e daartol ngol ina hollita no rew6e 6ee mbaawiri foolde miijooji mumen e mette e nder kewu nguu.

Ndee deftere waɗii sifaa e loowdi deftere Vernon nde o winndi caggal mum, Men at Birth nde sifotoo ko worɓe njiyata e jibinannde.

## Tuugnorgal
The Human Embryo

**Embriyo Aadama: Aristote e Aadaaji Aarabeeɓe e Oropnaaɓe** ko deftere ƴeewtotoonde filosofi e miijooji diineeji jibinannde aadee e nder duuɓi, nde Reverend Canon G. R. Dunstan winndi, nde duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Exeter Press yaltini e hitaande 1990. Nde teskini ko e janngugol miijooji ceertuɗi e pinal aadee. Taƴre ɓurnde mawnude ndee ko faamde ɓiɗɗo e nder yontaaji hakkundeeji, binndanɗe jeeɗiɗi tan ina ciftora binndanɗe Dante jowitiiɗe e nguurndam ɓiɗɗo.

## Tuugnorgal
I of the Vortex

**Miin e Vortex: Gila e neronuuji haa e hoore mum** ko deftere ganndal lollunde, nde ganndo ko faati e neeruuji Kolommbinaajo biyeteeɗo Rodolfo Llinás winndi, yaltini e lewru feebariyee 2002 to MIT Press. e mo bayyinaango mum e ɗemngal Españool ina waɗi yeewtere sehil makko, keɓɗo njeenaari Nobel, hono Gabriel García Márquez.

Deftere ndee ina hiisee wonde deftere ɓurnde soodde ngam saaktude ganndal, nde heɓi njeenaari "deftere ɓurnde moƴƴude e cellal" e nder fedde winndereere njeenaari defte Latino to BookExpo Amerik 2013, to New York, e wiyde Google Scholar nde heɓii ko ina ɓura 1000 ciimtol.

Ko woni ha ton

Deftere nde ina rewi e daartol ganndal neurobiyoloji e nder njiylawu mum ngam etaade faamde golle hakkille e ngaandi. Yanti heen, winndiyanke oo ina waɗi heen miijooji mum e wiɗtooji mum, bayyinaaɗi e jaayɗe wiɗto winndereeje, kono peewnaaɗi ngam renndo ngoo fof.

## Ƴeew kadi
Evolution aadee

Ganndal ƴiiƴam

## Tuugnorgal
Infectious Diseases of Humans: Dynamics and Control

**Ñawuuji gonɗi e aadee : Diinaaji e jokkondire** ko deftere nde Roy M. Anderson e Robert May, Baron May mo Oxford, yaltini e hitaande 1991 to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Oxford. Ko binndol semmbinngol[citation needed] e nder mbayliigu hiisiwal ñawu nguu. Deftere ndee ina siftina mikroo-parasiit e makroparasiit aadee.

Tuugnorgal
The Island of the Colorblind

**Duundeere wumɓe colour ko deftere ganndo** ko faati e ƴiye biyeteeɗo Oliver Sacks winndi e hitaande 1997, ko faati e akromatopsi e dow atol Pingelap to Mikronesi. Nde yalti ko to leydi Angalteer, nde wiyetee ko Duundeere wumɓe colour. Feccere ɗimmere deftere ndee ko sirlu ñawu Lytico-Bodig to Guam.

Haala kaa kadi hollitaama e nder yeewtere BBC wiyeteende The Mind Traveller.

## Jokkondire yaajɗe

* Duundeere wumɓe colour

* Yeewtere deftere C-SPAN dow duunde wumɓe colour, 9 feebariyee 1997

* Case pentoowo wumɓe colour

## Tuugnorgal
Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment

**Ñawndugol e safaara hannde** ko deftere ƴeewndo safaara kuuɓtodinnde nde McGraw-Hill yaltini. Nde ina hesɗitinee hitaande kala e mbaydi 2022 jooni ndii ko mbaydi mayre 61ɓiire. Yiɗɓe winndannde 61ɓiire ndee ko Stephen Makfi, Maksin Papadakis, Mikael Rabow e Kennet Makkuayd. Nde yaltinaa ko e fuɗɗoode ko golle kuuɓtodinɗe, kono ko heewi e mbaydiiji keertiiɗi njalti gila ndeen, ko wayi no safaara sukaaɓe, safaara ɓernde, e safaara seppooji e nder yeewtere Lange "Current".

## Tuugnorgal
Conybeare's Textbook of Medicine

**Deftere janngirnde safaara Conybeare** ko deftere janngirnde safaara. *Edition* gadano oo yalti ko e hitaande 1929, nde yettii *edition* mum sappo e joyaɓere e hitaande 1970, ɗum addani ƴeewtotooɗo gooto wiyde ƴeewndo ngoo ko "*superfluous".Review* goɗɗo wiyi ko "ko ɓooyi e ko janngetee... winndaa ko no moƴƴi".

Doktoor mo binndol ngol inniraa ko John Josiyas Konybeer, ɓiy Frederik Kornwallis Konybeer. O woniino e gollotooɓe to opitaal Guy ɗo o woppi golle e hitaande 1953, o maayi e hitaande 1967.

## Tuugnorgal
The Complete Book of the Medical Art

**Deftere timmunde ngam naalankaagal safaara** (e ɗemngal aarabeere: كامل الصناعة الطبية, Kitāb Kāmil al-Ṣināʻa al-Ṭibbīya), anndiraande kadi Deftere laamɗo (aarabeeɓe: الكتاب الملكي, Al-Kitāb al-Malakī.), ko cafroowo Iraannaajo aljubba al-Alib's 'Alib's 100 winndi ɗum duɓɓi temere. O halfini deftere nde ko laamɗo biyeteeɗo ‘Aduudul Dawla, mo o gollannoo e oon sahaa., Ndee deftere ina jeyaa e binndanɗe ɓurɗe waawde huutoreede e janngooɓe safaara e oon sahaa, tee nafoore deftere makko ndee ina haalee laabi keewɗi e miijooji daartiyankooɓe safaara ceertuɓe, ko wayi no Lucien Leclerc e Arturo Castiglioni.

Ndee deftere ina waɗi 20 binndanɗe. Binndanɗe 10 gadane ɗee ɓuri siftinde ko miijooji safaara, binndanɗe 10 ɗiɗmere ɗee kolliri ko golle safaara. Teskorde 9ɓiire e nder feccere ɗimmere ndee, ko feewti e seppooji, ina waɗi 110 fannu seppooji ceertuɗi, ina heen karallaagal safrude anewrisma, ittude ƴiiƴam e ɓuuɓri e safrude hernia. Ndee feccere wonnoo ko e hakkunde hakkillaaji wiɗtooɓe hirnaange e fuɗnaange.

Al-Majūsī ina anndaa no feewi e siftorde mum laaɓtunde ko fayti e pleurisy, cirkulaasiyoŋ, e nafoore ñaamde e fijirde ɓanndu e reentaade cellal. E nder fuɗɗoode deftere makko, Al-Majūsī ina ñiŋa heewɓe e safrooɓe Gerek en e Perse en e defte mum en. Yeru, e nder ƴeewndo Hippocrate e golle mum, o winndii : « Hippocrate siftoraani ko ɓuri heewde e ñawuuji ɗii no fotiri, ko ɗum addani ɗi saɗtude faamde ... », hay so tawii noon o siftinii kadi geɗe moƴƴe ɗee defte kadi.

Deftere nde firtaa ko e ɗemngal Latin e hitaande 1089, caggal ɗuum nde saaktaa no feewi e nder Orop.

## Ƴeew kadi
Liber pantegni

Doggol defte e binndanɗe ɓurɗe yaajde

## Tuugnorgal
Colliget

**Kulliyat** (e ɗemngal aarabeeɓe: الـكـلّـيـات في الـطـب, e ɗemngal romaan: al-Kulliyāt fi al-ṭibb, lit. ‘Kuule kuuɓtodinɗe safaara’), ɓurɗo anndeede e firo mum latin Colliget, ko ansikolooji safaara binndaaɗi e polima Andaluus. Tiitoonde deftere ndee ina luurdi e « Keertinaango safaara » (e ɗemngal aarabeere: جزئیات في الـطـب, e ɗemngal romaan: al-Juzʾiyyāt fi al-ṭibb), nde sehil makko ibn Zuhr winndi. Ɓe ɗiɗo fof ɓe ngollodii, ɓe njiɗi ko defte maɓɓe timmintoo. Winndaama hakkunde 1153 e 1169, Colliget oo, caggal ɗuum, firtaa ko e ɗemngal Ebere e Latin, ngal wonti deftere janngirnde huutorteende no feewi e nder Orop haa e teeminannde 18ɓiire.

## Tuugnorgal
Clinical Tuberculosis

**Tuberkuloos kilinik** : ko ɓuri himmude e ƴeewndo e safrude ko deftere nde wonaa firo, nde Karl H. Pfuetze e David B. Radner mbinndi, nde fedde Ameriknaare toppitiinde safrooɓe ɓernde walli. Charles C. Thomas yaltini ɗum e hitaande alif 1966, ina waɗi tonngooɗe capanɗe tati e jeeɗiɗi ko faati e ñawu nguu, ɗe wallitooɓe capanɗe tati e jeenay mbinndi.

Ƴeewndo hiitande alif 1967 e nder JAMA siftinii deftere ndee wonde "ina juuti no feewi ngam limtude wasiyaaji laaɓtuɗi kono ina juuti no feewi ngam ƴeewtaade ko laaɓti", e miijaade wonde deftere ndee ina ŋakki wasiyaaji laaɓtuɗi wonande safrooɓe won e nokkuuji, tee rokkaani "hollirde timmunde miijooji jooni ɗii". Yiylotooɗo oo miijii wonde sifaa oo ina seerti e tonngoode, o siftinii binndanɗe ko fayti e ñawuuji mikobakteriiji e safaaraaji ko yoga e taƴe ɓurɗe moƴƴude. Deftere ndee ƴeewtaama e nder tonngooɗe ɗiɗi ceertuɗe e nder Archives de Médecine Interne. Ƴeewndo 1966 ngoo miijii wonde yeewtere ɓurnde heewde e seppooji ina teskaa "ɓeydagol ŋakkeende seppooji kuutorteeɗi e safrude kala sifaa ñawu nguu", tawi noon ƴeewndo 1967 ngoo ina yetta keewal fannuuji ɗi limtaa ɗii kam e baylugol, binndol, e "koolkisagol" binndol ngol fof. Rewindaade e nder jaaynde wiyeteende The Journal-Lancet noon, ina yetta deftere ndee sabu yuɓɓo mum, laaɓal mum, e limoore toɓɓe ɗe limtaa.

## Tuugnorgal
AAP Red Book

**Deftere boɗeere AAP**, walla ciimtol Goomu ñawuuji mborosaaji to Akademi Ameriknaajo ko faati e safaara sukaaɓe, ko deftere tiiɗnde, softunde, e mbaydi elektoronik, kollitoore "feññinde, etiyoloji, epidemiyoloji, ƴeewndo, e safrude ko ina tolnoo e 200 ñawuuji mborosaaji sukaaɓe".

Deftere boɗeere ndee fuɗɗii feeñde ko e deftere kelle jeetati e hitaande 1938. Deftere ɓurnde ɓadaade ndee, 33ɓo, yaltunde e hitaande 2024, nde yahri haa 2027, mawni haa 1261 kelle.

## Jokkondire yaajɗe
Deftere boɗeere AAP e internet
AHFS Drug Information Book

**AHFS DI** ina jeyaa e binndanɗe keewɗe jaɓaaɗe e sariya kisal renndo (kuulal 1861(t)(2)(B)(ii)(I)) ngam wonde ƴoogirde kuutoragol leɗɗe kaɓtorɗe kanseer ɗe ngalaa e nate. Nde yaltinaa ko e hitaande 1959 e innde Fedde Ameriknaare Farmasiyankooɓe Siistem Cellal.

Kadi ko kañum tan heddii e binndanɗe ɗe njaɓaa gila e fuɗɗoode.

## Tuugnorgal
An Atlas of Illustrations of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Pathology

**Atlas nate safaara, seppooji e patoloji** ko deftere safaara natal, nde John Bale, Sons & Danielsson yaltini e hitaande 1901. Ina heen foto keewɗo cifaaɗe, mo Allan Warner ƴetti, sukaaɓe ɗiɗo worɓe yahrooɓe e duuɓi 13, ummoriiɓe e duɗal gootal, ɓe caggal nde ɓe njokkondiri e ñawu nguu, suka gorko mo ɓe keɓaani ñawu nguu, heddii ina selli, suka mo heɓaani ñawu nguu, heɓi ñawu nguu.

Foto sukaaɓe ɗiɗo worɓe; gooto e mum en ina wondi e ñawu nguu (Atlas de médecine clinique, de chirurgie et de patologie, 1901)

## Tuugnorgal
Experimental pathology

**Patoloji jarriborɗi, anndiraaɗi kadi patoloji wiɗto**, ko wiɗto ganndal e laabi ñawuuji rewrude e ƴeewndo mikroskoop walla molekulaaji terɗe, ƴiye, ƴiye, walla ndiyam ɓanndu ummoraade e tagooje ñawu. Ina ɓadii, e nder daartol e nder jaŋde hannde, e fannu safaara pathologie.

## Jokkondire yaajɗe
Patoloji jarriborɗi, anndiraaɗi kadi patoloji wiɗto, ko wiɗto ganndal e laabi ñawuuji rewrude e ƴeewndo mikroskoop walla molekulaaji terɗe, ƴiye, ƴiye, walla ndiyam ɓanndu ummoraade e tagooje ñawu. Ina ɓadii, e nder daartol e nder jaŋde hannde, e fannu safaara pathologie.

Jokkondire yaajɗe
Euparal

**Euparal** ko montant mikroskoop sintetik mo porfeseer G. Gilson, porfeseer ganndal kullon ladde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Louvain, Louvain, Belsik, fuɗɗii feewnude ɗum e hitaande 1904. Sosiyeteeji keewɗi peewni ɗum, kono hannde ko Laboratuwaaruuji ASCO, to Manchester, Angalteer tan peewni ɗum.

Euparal ina huutoree no feewi e mooftude ƴiye entomoloji e histoloji, tee ina dañi nafoore mawnde e mooftude mikroskoop sabu ŋakkeende mum 1,483. Geɗe mikroskoop, ko wayi no cellal, ina njuutee e karmin walla mbaydiiji goɗɗi e slides ina njaltina e nder tolnooji dehydration, haa caggal mum ina njuutee e toɓɓere Euparal.

Euparal ko jillondiral kamsal (e hoore mum ko jillondiral kamfor e salol), sandarak, eukaliptol, e paraldehiid, ina jogii ɓuuɓri ɓurndi famɗude e balsam Kanadaa.

## Tuugnorgal
North Dakota HB 1572

**Bill House North Dakota 1572**, ganndiraaɗo kadi ko sariya jibinannde sukaaɓe, ko kuulal ngal Dan Ruby waɗi e hitaande 2009 e nder suudu sarɗiiji leydi Dakota to bannge worgo. Bill oo ina yiɗi siftinde “neɗɗo”, “neɗɗo”, walla “nokku neɗɗo” ngam naatde e “kala tagoore wonndu e genome Homo sapiens”, e dow ballal neɗɗo sariya e ɓiɗɓe leɗɗe e rewɓe e kala daawe ƴellitaare.

## '''Daartol sariya'''
Ñalnde 17 feebariyee 2009, suudu sarɗiiji leydi Dakota worgo waɗi HB 1572 e woote 51–41. Ndeen kuulal ngal yahri ko Senaa, ɗo ngal foolaa ñalnde 3 abriil 2009, e woote 29–16.

## '''Kuule'''
Bill oo yiɗnoo ko waylude sariya wuro Dakota worgo, e:

Sifaade “neɗɗo”, “neɗɗo”, walla “nokku neɗɗo” ngam naatde e kala tagoore jogiinde genome Homo sapiens.

Sosde taƴe kese jowitiiɗe e bonanndeeji diisnondiral e torla.

Waylude taƴe gonɗe ngam yuɓɓinde kuuge ngam bonanndeeji baɗeteeɗi e sukaaɓe jibinɓe.

## '''Ballal e luulndo'''
Waɗooɓe ɓee mbiyi wonde kuulal ngal ina foti tabitinde anndinde sariya nguurndam aadee e nder golle, ina waawi kadi luulndaade ko Roe v. Wade set. Kono, bismaangooji Katolik en to North Dakota hollitii kulhuli, ina hollita waylooji ngam laaɓtinde anniya bill’en e haɗde batte ɗe ɓe njiɗaa.

Luutndiiɓe ɓee ina mbiya wonde kuulal ngal ina waawi addande ɗum en haɗde ruttaade e ruttaade e won e nokkuuji, ɓeydude kulhuli e hakkeeji rewɓe.

## '''Tuugnorgal'''


## '''Jokkondire yaajɗe'''
ND 1572
Nelson Amendment

**Amendment Nelson** woni innde ndokketeende ngam haɗde fedde nde e nder leydi ndi e nder mbaydi Senaa, e nder kuulal 2009 ngal, e hitaande 2009.

## '''Alaa ruttaade kaalis e kaalis laamu'''
Senaateer Demokaraasi biyeteeɗo Ben Nelson, wiyiino wonde o jaɓaani kuulal ngal « alaa ko laaɓti heen wonde o alaa kaalis e kaalis laamu » .

## '''Ballal ngam filibuster'''
O yaltinii mbaydi Senaa e nder mbayliigu Stupak–Pitts, o hunaniino wallitde filibuster e kuulal Senaa so tawii ɗemngal ngal alaa heen.

## '''Seerndude kaalis woote cuɓaaɗo'''
O jaɓi caggal ɗuum jaɓde mbaydi baawndi rokkude yimɓe huutoraade ballal fedde nde ngam soodde peeje tawa ina waɗi coverage rewrude e ruttaade tawa ina ɗaɓɓi yo ɓe njoɓe ngam suɓaade ko ina wona 100 000 mbuuɗu tawa ɓe ngalaa ballal. Dowlaaji ina mbaawi ittude peeje rokkude jokkere enɗam e nder mbayliigu mum en. Caggal nde o ñiŋooje ummoraade e pelle ngenndiije luulndiiɗe rewɓe, Nelson wayli darnde makko, hollitii wonde maa o lobby ngam haɗde kuule ɓurɗe tiiɗde e kaalis cuɓaaɗo no feewi nannduɗo e Amendment Stupok-Pitts.

## '''Jokkondiral e woote Scott Brown'''
Haa e woote Scott Brown to Senaa e lewru Yarkomaa 2010, Amendment Nelson oo yiyri ɗum ko ardaade fedde Demokaraat en, ko gooto e caɗeele mawɗe e nder sariyaaji, kam e geɗe goɗɗe maantiniiɗe ko wayi no cuɓagol renndo.

## '''Tuugnorgal'''
Bibliotheca Anatomica

**Bibliotheca Anatomica** ko binndol ganndal ɓalli neɗɗo e ɗemngal latin, ngol Daniyel Le Clerc (walla Daniyel Le Clerc) e Jean-Jacques Manget, cafrooɓe ɗiɗo ummoriiɓe Jeneef, mbinndi. Golle ɗee njaltinaa ko to Jeneef, ko Sumptibus J. A. Chouët e Davidis Ritter njaltini ɗum en.

Yaajde haa e defte ɗiɗi folio e hawrude e ko ɓuri heewde e binndanɗe anatomiije maantiniiɗe e nder duuɓi capanɗe keewɗi ko adii bayyinaango maggo, ina heen binndanɗe Thomas Bartholin, Regnier de Graaf, William Harvey, Richard Lower, Marcello Malpighi, Jan Swammerdam, Raymond Vieussens, e Thomas Willthecais the Comprection binndanɗe anatomiije peewnaaɗe e teeminannde 17ɓiire.

## Tuugnorgal
Breathtaking (book)

**Ko ɓuuɓnata : Nder NHS e sahaa ñawu nguu** ko deftere ciimtol 2021 nde cafroowo Angalteer biyeteeɗo Rachel Clarke winndi, nde Little, Brown e Company yaltini. Nde tuugnii ko e NHS e nder lebbi nay gadani 2020, ardinooɗi e lebbi gadani ñawu COVID-19 e nder leydi Angalteer.Deftere nde ko Clarke, Jed Mercurio, e Prasanna Puwanarajah ƴettiti ɗum, ngam waɗde seppo teleeji jogiiɗi innde wootere, yaltunde e hitaande 2024.

Deftere nde adii ko Nguurndam maa e juuɗe am (2017) e Nguurndam tedduɗam (2020).

## Tuugnorgal
Eosinophiluria

**Eosinofiluri** ko ɓuuɓri gonndi e ƴiiƴam tawa ina woodi. Ina waawi fotde e yiytude tolnooji poroteyiin kationik eosinofil.

## Sarɗiiji jokkondirɗi
Ina waawi jokkondirde e sarɗiiji keewɗi, ina jeyaa heen :

Ñawuuji ƴiiƴam ko wayi no nefritis interstitiel ɓuuɓɗo e ñawu ƴiiƴam ɓuuɓngu ummoraade e emboli kolesterol

Granulomatosis eosinofilik e polianjitis

Eosinophiluria (>5% e ƴiiƴam ƴiiƴam ) ko huunde heewnde yiyeede (~90%) e nder nefritis alerji mo antibiotik addata, kono limfositte ɓuri heewde e nefritis alerji hakkundeejo mo AINE saabii. Eosinofiluri ko sifaa ARF ateroembolik.

## Tuugnorgal.
Eryptosis

**Eriptosis** (apoptosis eritrosit walla maayde porogaraam) ko sifaa apoptosis keɓoowo e eritrosit (RBC) gaañiiɗo sabu geɗe keewɗe ko wayi no hiperosmolarite, stres oksidaatiif, ŋakkeende semmbe, ɓuuɓri njamndi teeŋtundi walla xenobiyotik. Hono no apoptosis nii, eriptosis ina maantiniri ɓuuɓri ƴiiƴam, ɓuuɓri ɓalndu, ustude poroteyiin, e ɓuuɓri fosfatidilserin to lefol ɓalndu yaajngol.

Sabaabuuji

Sarɗiiji jogiiɗi eryptosis ɓurtuɗo ina njeyaa heen :

G6PD ina ŋakki

Ɓooygol ƴiiƴam ŋakkere njamndi

## Toowgol leɗɗe walla merkiir

## Lopinawiir

## Malaria

## Ritonawiir

## Ɓooygol ƴiiƴam

## Talasemiya

## Tuugnorgal
Cancer and its Management

**Kanser e njuɓɓudi mum** ko deftere janngirnde safaara, nde Blackwell Publishing yaltini e hitaande 1986. Adii winndude nde ko Jeffrey S. Tobias, e Robert L. Souhami, mo Daniel Hochhauser lomtii caggal ɗuum..

## Tuugnorgal
Caring for the Heart

**Toppitagol ɓernde : Mayo Clinic e Rise of Specialization** ko daartol daartol ƴeewndo e safrugol ñawu ɓernde e nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik e nder teeminannde noogasɓiire, ngol daartoowo Ameriknaajo e ganndo ɓernde biyeteeɗo W. Bruce Fye winndi, ngol yaltini e hitaande 2015 to jaaynde *Oxford University Press*. Ina teskaa ƴellitaare safaara mawnde e darnde yimɓe e juɓɓule teeŋtuɗe e nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik e Orop fof. Kilinik Mayo to Rochester, to Minnesota, ina huutoree no feewi ngam waɗde wiɗto hakkundeejo sabu darnde mum teeŋtunde e ƴellitgol karallaagal ƴeewndo e seppooji. Ɗeeɗoo peeje kese ina mbaɗi elektorokardiyogaraafi, kateterisaasiyoŋ ɓernde, seppo ɓernde, e anjiyogaraafi koronaari. Deftere ndee ina yuurnitoo kadi safaara mo Franklin D. Roosevelt rokki ngam rafi mum bonɗo e rafi ɓernde.

## Bayyinaango
Toppitagol ɓernde : Kilinik Mayo e ƴellitaare keertinaango yaltinaa ko e hitaande 2015 to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde *Oxford*.

## Ko woni ha ton
Deftere ndee ina waɗi 704 kelle, ina waɗi fannuuji tati mawɗi : ƴellitaare safaara ñawu ɓernde, ƴellitaare kilinik Mayo, e ƴellitaare keertinagol e karallaagal safaara. Ina fuɗɗoo e daartol kilinik Mayo gila e sosngo mum haa e kitaale 1940, e sara ƴellitaare kardiyoloji to Amerik e to Mayo. Ndeen ina hollita wiɗtooji ko faati e seppooji ɓernde, karallaagal ƴeewndo ko wayi no kateterisaasiyoŋ e ekokardiyogaraafi, nokkuuji toppitiiɗi koronaawiris, infirmiyee, anjiyoplasti, elektorofisiyoloji, e safrude ŋakkeende ɓernde, ina heen kadi mbayliigu. Ina woodi daartol darnde Mayo e nder safaara aeronautik wolde adunaare ɗiɗmere e salaade ɗum ko adii fof kaalis NIH sabu kulhuli e dow ɗowgol laamu. Darnde teeŋtunde ummoraade e duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde Minnesota e Clinic Cleveland ina njeewtee kadi.

Deftere ndee ina yuurnitoo kadi safaara mo Franklin D. Roosevelt rokki ngam rafi mum bonɗo e rafi ɓernde.

## Tuugnorgal