Jorjiya

**Joorjiya** (საქართველო, Sakartvelo) ko leydi Yuroopu fuɗnaange e Aasiya hirnaange. Nde jeyaa ko e diiwaan Kaukasus, nde keerorii ko maayo ɓaleejo to bannge hirnaange, Riisi to bannge worgo e worgo-fuɗnaange, Turki to bannge worgo-fuɗnaange, Armeni to bannge worgo, e Azerbaijaan to fuɗnaange-rewo. Joorjiya ina waɗi 69,700 sq mi (26,900 sq mi). Ina waɗi yimɓe 3,7 miliyoŋ, tawi ko ɓuri tataɓal ina nguuri e laamorgo leydi ndii e wuro ɓurngo mawnude, hono Tibilisi. Joorjiyanaaɓe, jeyaaɓe e diiwaan hee, ko ɓuri heewde e yimɓe leydi ndii, ko kamɓe ngoni leñol tiitoonde mum.

Joorjiya ko hoɗɓe gila e taariindi, ko ɗoon woni nokkuuji ɓurɗi anndeede e winndere nde ngam waɗde diƴƴe, njulaagu kaŋŋe, e njulaagu mbaylaandi. Jamanuuji ɓooyɗi ɗii, laamlaamuuji keewɗi peeñii, ko wayi no Kolchis e Iberia, ko ɗum woni nokku ɗo laamu Joorjiya hannde nguu woni ɗoo. E fuɗɗoode teeminannde nayaɓere, Joorjiyanaaɓe njaɓi diine kerecee en e dow laabi, ɗum addani ɓe hawrude e laamu Joorjiya. Joorjiya yottii duuɓi mum kaŋŋe e nder yontaaji hakkundeeji toowɗi e laamu laamɗo David IV e laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Tamar. Puɗɗagol e teeminannde 15ɓiire, laamu nguu ustii, ngu sankii sabu luural nder leydi ndii e tiiɗnaare ummoraade e laamuuji diiwaanuuji keewɗi, ina jeyaa heen Mongol en, Laamu Ottoman en, e Perse, hade mum naatde seeɗa-seeɗa e Laamu Riisi fuɗɗoraade hitaande 1801.

Caggal njiimaandi Riisi e hitaande 1917, Joorjiya yalti ko juuti e nder republique jeytaare e les njiimaandi Almaañ. Kono leydi ndii yani e konu boɗeejo, heɓti ɗum e hitaande 1921 ; ndeen ndi jeyaa ko e republiqueeji Dental Sowiyet. E kitaale 1980, dillere ndimaagu mawni ko yaawi, addani Joorjiya seertude e Dental Sowiyet e lewru abriil 1991. Ko ɓuri heewde e duuɓi sappo garooji ɗii, leydi ndii muñii caɗeele faggudu, ŋakkeende kisal politik, e hareeji seertude e nder Abkhazia e Oseti worgo. Caggal wolde Rose jamyameere e hitaande 2003, politik caggal leydi ballitoowo hirnaange addani jokkondiral mum e Riisi ɓeydaade bonde, haa arti noon e wolde Riisi e Joorjiya e hitaande 2008, e jokkude heɓtude nokkuuji Joorgiya.

Joorjiya ko demokaraasi wakiliijo laamiiɗo no republique parlemaa gooto. Ko leydi ƴellitoori, jogiindi tolno ƴellitaare aadee toownde no feewi, e faggudu luumooji ƴellitooji. Reformeeji faggudu mawɗi gila 2003 ngaddi ko gooto e ngonkaaji njulaagu ɓurɗi welde e winndere ndee, ndimaagu faggudu ɓurngu mawnude e laaɓal, e nder ɓurɓe yaawde ɓeydagol PIB. E hitaande 2018, Joorjiya wonti leydi ɗiɗmiri laawɗinde ganndal, kadi ko kañum woni leydi gadani gonnooɗo sosiyaalist waɗde ɗum. Joorjiya ko tergal e pelle winndereeje keewɗe, ina jeyaa heen Diiso Yuroopu, Eurocontrol, BSEC, GUAM, e Fedde Enerji. E nder fedde Trio, Joorjiya ko kanndidaa laawɗuɗo ngam jeyeede e Dental Yuroopu. Gila oktoobar 2024, Joorjiya woni ko e caɗeele politik luggiɗɗe.

## Joogaraafi

Joorjiya ko leydi koɗli, ko famɗi fof ko e nder Kaukasus worgo, won heen nokkuuji leydi ndii ina tawee e fuɗnaange-rewo ndiyam Kaukasus to bannge worgo Kaukasus. Leydi ndii woni hakkunde latitude 41° e 44° N, e njuuteendi 40° e 47° E, njaajeendi mum ko 67 900 km2 (26 216 sq mi). Likhi Range ina fecca leydi ndii e feccere fuɗnaange e feccere hirnaange. E nder daartol, feccere hirnaange Joorjiya ina anndiraa Colchis tawi noon feccere fuɗnaange ina wiyee Iberia.

Koɗorɗe Kaukasus mawɗe ɗee ngoni keeri fuɗnaange leydi Joorjiya. Laawol mawngol rewrude e koɗli ɗii feewde e leydi Riisi ina rewi e Tunnel Roki hakkunde Shida Kartli e Oseti worgo e ŋoral Darial (e nder diiwaan Khevi to Joorjiya). Feccere fuɗnaange leydi ndii ina keeri e koɗli Kaukasus tokoosi. Koɗorɗe Kaukasus mawɗe ɗee ɓuri koye Kaukasus tokoose ɗee toowde no feewi, tawi ko ɓuri toowde e koye mum en ina ummoo ko ɓuri 5 000 meeter (16,404 ft) dow koye maayo.

Ko ɓuri toowde e Joorjiya ko tufnde Shkhara to 5,203 m (17,070 ft), ɗiɗaɓere ɓurnde toowde ko tufnde Janga to 5,059 m (16 598 ft) dow koye maayo. Toɓɓe goɗɗe maantiniiɗe ina njeyaa heen tufnde Kazbek to 5,047 m (16,558 m), tufnde Shota Rustaveli to 4 960 m (16,273 m), Tetnuldi to 4 858 m (15,938 m), Ushba to 4,700 m (15,550 m). (14 918 meeteer). E nder ŋoral cifaangal dow ngal, ko Kazbek tan ummorii ko e ŋoral. Diiwaan hakkunde Kazbek e Shkhara (fotde 200 km (124 mi) e dow ŋoral mawngal Kaukasus) ina heewi ŋoral ŋoral.

Helmere Koɗli Kaukasus tokoosi ina heewi huutoreede ngam sifaade nokkuuji koɗli (toowɗi) to bannge worgo Joorjiya jokkondirɗi e koɗli Kaukasus mawɗi ɗii e koɗki Likhi. Diiwaan oo fof ina waawi sifaade ko ina waɗi koɗli ceertuɗi, jokkondirɗi (ko ɓuri heewde e mum en ko iwdi ɓuuɓndi) e ŋoral toowngal ɓuraani 3 400 meeter (11 155 ft). Ko ɓuri teeŋtude e nokku oo ko ɓuuɓri Javakheti, maayooji, ina heen Tabatskuri e Paravani, kam e ndiyam miniraal e ɓulli ngulɗi. Maayooji ɗiɗi mawɗi e nder leydi Joorjiya ko Rioni e Mtkvari.

### Topogaraafi

Leydi nder keeri ngenndi ndii ina heewi no feewi. Leydi Joorjiya hirnaange ina waɗi laddeeji ɓuuɓɗi, ɓulli, e laddeeji toɓooli ɓuuɓɗi haa e neesuuji e ɓulli duumiiɗi, tawi noon bannge fuɗnaange leydi ndii ina waɗi hay feccere tokosere e laddeeji semi-arid.

## Tuugnorgal