open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Saamugol-reedu nder Bahreyn

**Saamugol-reedu nder Bahreyn** ina laawɗi so ɗaɓɓaama, so yamiroore fedde safrooɓe. E nder sariya kuuɓtodinɗo hitaande 1976, ruttaade ina haɗaa e nder leydi Bahrein tan so tawii ko e hoore mum, ɗum noon ina addana debbo reedu oo faweede lebbi jeegom kasoo, walla so tawii ko ɗum huunde nde debbo oo jaɓaani, ɗum noon ina foti faweede kuugal duuɓi sappo kasoo.

Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe hollitii tolno 11,1 e nder 1000 debbo jahroowo e duuɓi 15 haa 44 e hitaande 2002.

## Tuugnorgal
Registered nurse certified in maternal newborn nursing

E **nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik, infirmiyee** binnditiiɗo seedtinaaɗo e infirmiyee yumma jibinaaɗo (RNC-MNN) ko infirmiyee jibinannde keɓɗo seedantaagal board infirmiyee to *National Certification Corporation* e infirmiyee yumma/jibinaaɗo.

## Ƴeew kadi
Doggol seedanteeje infirmiyee 

## Tuugnorgal
Registered nurse certified in low-risk neonatal nursing

To leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik, **infirmiyee binnditiiɗo seedtinaaɗo e safaara sukaaɓe** ɓe ngalaa caɗeele (RNC-LRN) ko infirmiyee keɓɗo seedantaagal njuɓɓudi safaara to Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe (*National Certification Corporation*) e safaara sukaaɓe ɓe ngalaa caɗeele. 

## Ƴeew kadi
Doggol seedanteeje infirmiyee

## Tuugnorgal
Pakistan Nursing Council

**Fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e cellal Pakistaan** ​​(**PNC**) (پاکستان نرسنگ کونسل) ko fedde toppitiinde ko feewti e cellal Pakistaan ​​sosaande e hitaande 1948 e dow sariya fedde toppitiinde cellal Pakistaan ​​(1952, 1973). PNC ina jogii mbaawka rokkude yamiroore infirmiyee en, jibinanndeeji, njilluuji cellal rewɓe (LHVs) e wallidiiɓe infirmiyee en ngam waɗde infirmiyeeji e nder leydi ndii kala. 

## Ƴeew kadi
Infirmiyee to leydi Pakistaan

## Tuugnorgal
Duktoskopi

**Duktoskopi** walla **duktoskopi mammary** (kañum ne: endoskopi ɓuuɓri, galaktoskopi) ko feere safaara ngam ƴeewde e mooftude ƴiye epiteliyal e sifaaji goɗɗi nder ɓuuɓri. Ina waawi yiytude ŋakkeende ɓurnde famɗude e ƴeewndorɗe mammogramme, MRI walla *ultrasound*.

Duktoskopi ina waawi waɗeede e biro safroowo walla e nder safrirde. Skop fibre optique mo teddeendi mum tolnii e milimeeta ina waɗee e nder ɓuuɓri ƴiiƴam to ɓuuɓri, ina ɓuuɓnee haa e nder reedu rewrude e ɓuuɓri ndii. Alaa taƴre nde waɗata heen. Siistem natal hollirta ko yaltoore njuɓɓudi ndii e monitor ordinata. Sammbaaji ƴiye epiteliyal ina mbaawi moofteede e dow laylayti mikroskoop ngam ɓeydaade yuurnitaade. Anestetik nokku ina waawi huutoreede ngam ustude mette.

Duktoskoop Mammary cakkitiiɗo oo, ina wiyee kadi Micro Endoscope, ina heɓoo e njaajeendi 0.35 mm. Endoskoopuuji ɗii ina kuutoree wondude e kanel 3-way. Portooji ɗiɗi keddiiɗi ɗii ko ngam ɓuuɓnude ndiyam e Biopsy Forceps mo njaajeendi mum woni 0.4 mm.

Duktoskopi ina waawi kadi waɗeede e wondude e lumpectomy, tawa ina addana seppo ngoo heɓde marge laaɓtuɗo tawa ko famɗi fof ƴiiƴam ɓurɗam heewde ina ittaa.

## Hiimoɓe
Estiyomen

**Estiyomen** ko helmere safaara nde firtata ko ñawu elefantiasi e nder reedu debbo. E jamaanu ɓennuɗo, helmere ndee ina firta kadi ñawu elefantiasi e nder reedu worɓe.

Estiyoomen ko ɓuri heewde ko batte yiyteteeɗe e limfogranuloma venereum, ñawu limfatik ngu Chlamydia trachomatis. Ngolɗoo ñawu nguu ina addana neɗɗo ɓuuɓde e nder reedu debbo, rewi heen ko ɓuuɓri, fistulaaji, ɓuuɓri, e fibrosis e nder ƴiye. Ɓowɗi ɗii ina ɓuuɓta, sahaa e sahaa fof ina ɓuuɓta, tee ina waawi mawnude haa mawna. Estiyoomen ina waawi kadi wonde batte tuberkuloos so tawii ñawu nguu ina jokki e reedu, walla kanseer walla filariasis, ñawu nguu ina wondi e mborosaaji gonɗi e nder reedu.

Sarɗi oo ina metti, won heen ina ustoo. Yimɓe wonduɓe e ñawu nguu ina mbaawi heɓde mette hakkille e mette e ŋakkeende ɓalli mum en. Massaaji ina mbaawi wonde mawɗi haa ɗi mbaɗta yahde ina saɗta.

Safrude ñawu nguu ina waɗi safrude ñawuuji bakteriiji ɗi mborosaaji ɗii mbaɗata e antibiyotikuuji ko wayi no doksisiklin, walla safrude ñawuuji goɗɗi tawaaɗi heen ɗii. Heddii ko ɓuuɓri ƴiiƴam ina waawi safreede e seppooji ko wayi no labiaplasti ngam ustude mawneeki labia minora hipertrophié. Faandaare seppo ina jeyaa heen ustude mette, artirde golle jokkondiral, e moƴƴinde kosmetik.

## Hiimoɓe
Squamous intraepithelial lesion

**Squamous intraepithelial lesion** ko mawnugol ƴiiƴam gonɗam e dow ɓalndu nduu ko aldaa e sago ; ƴiye ɓuuɓɗe no feewi ina mbaɗa epiteliyoŋ no feewi e nder reedu. Ooɗoo ñawu ina waawi yahrude yeeso haa wonta ngarke reedu, ina waawi kadi ƴeewteede e ƴeewndo Pap walla kolposkopi. Ina waawi safreede e huutoraade laabi ɗi ittata ƴiiƴam ɗam, tawa ina addana ƴiiƴam ɗam mawnude e nokku mum. E nder njuɓɓudi Bethesda, sitoloji ina waawi limteede e LSIL (ɓuuɓri gonndi e nder ɓalndu) walla HSIL (ɓuuɓri gonndi e nder ɓalndu toowndi).
## Hiimoɓe
Nursing pillow

**Pillow njuumri** ko ɓuuɓri huutorteende ngam fooftinde cukalel, ko adii fof ngam weeɓtinde njuumri e njuumri. Ina waawi waɗde ñamri ɓurndi welde. 

## Tuugnorgal
Nursing Outcomes Classification

**Senngo batte infirmiyee** (NOC) ko njuɓɓudi senngo sifotoongo batte ñawɗo sensible e intervention infirmière. NOC ko njuɓɓudi ngam ƴeewtaade batte toppitagol safaara e nder golle safaara. NOC ina waɗi 330 batte, e kala heen batte ina jogii nate, firo, e denndaangal kollitooje e peeje ngam anndude keɓal batte infirmiyee e ina heen Terminaali ɗii ko kelme ɗe Fedde Infirmiyeeji Amerik anndi, ina tawee e UMLS, kadi ko HL7 winnditaa. 

E ƴellitaare golle infirmiyeeji yahruɗi yeeso e haajuuji hollirde nafoore e nder toppitagol ñawɓe, jannginooɓe e gollooɓe yahruɓe yeeso puɗɗiima wiɗtude e anndude batte infirmiyee-sensitive. Ɗee ina cifaa no ciforii ko no neɗɗo, galle walla renndo ngonka, jikku walla miijo ngo fotnoo fotde e dow jokkondire ngam jaabaade jokkondire infirmiyee. Batte sensible infirmiyeeji ina teskaa e nder infirmiyeeji rheumatology,[8] infirmiyee sukaaɓe e nder toppitagol tiiɗngol.

## Ƴeew kadi
Siistem renndinde toppitagol safaara Fedde jokkondirnde e ñawu nguu Nanda Feere toppitagol safrooɓe Diagnostic infirmiyee Senngo golle infirmiyee Laawol infirmiyee Siistem Omaha 

## Tuugnorgal
Fibrosity

**Spinnbarkeit** (e Inngilis: Spinnbarkeit (e Inngilis: spinnability), anndiraa kadi fibrosity, ko helmere rheologie biomédical, firti ko sifaa ɓuuɓɗo walla ɓuuɓɗo tawaaɗo e tolnooji ceertuɗi e nder ɓuuɓri, e nder ƴiiƴam, e nder albumen e ndiyam ɓuuɓɗam nannduɗam e mum. Helmere ndee huutortee ko haa teeŋti noon e ko fayti e ɓuuɓri reedu e sahaa ko adii walla e nder ɓuuɓri.

E nder batte estirojin, ɓuuɓri reedu ina heewi, ina laaɓi, ina ɓuuɓtoo, ina nanndi seeɗa e ɓuuɓri eggudu. Ko ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri ndii siforii ko spinnbarkeit mum, ummoriiɗo e helmere Almaañnaare ngam waawde ɓuuɓde. Ko hono noon muus tan feeñata ina waawi naatde e ƴiiƴam. Caggal nde ƴiiƴam ɗam jibinaa, sifaa ƴiiƴam ɗam waylotoo, e les njiimaandi ƴiiƴam ɗam, ɗam wonta ɓuuɓɗam, ɓuuɓɗam, ɗam ɓuuɓɗam. Sperm ko ɓuri heewde waawaa naatde heen.

Salndu hollirtaa spinnbarkeit sahaa kala, kono ina waawi e won e ngonkaaji. Tekkeendi e spinnbarkeit ɓuuɓri nofru ko geɗe baɗɗe nofru ina wayi no ɓuuɓnaama walla alaa.

## Hiimoɓe
Manjeri Venkatachalam

**Manjeri Venkatachalam** ko porfeseer biyokimiya e patoloji to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde safaara to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Texas to San Antonio. O janngata ko adii fof ko faati e patoloji renal e safaara cellal ɓalli. . 

## Jaangirde
Venkatachalam heɓi MBBS mum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde safaara Calcutta e hitaande 1962. O jokkondirii e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ganndal cellal Texas to San Antonio, o woni jannginoowo ganndal patoloji gila 1979.
Nursing Minimum Data Set

**Nursing Minimum Data Se**t (**NMDS**) ko njuɓɓudi renndinde baawndi rokkude mooftugol doosɗe infirmiyee potɗe huutoreede. Dowlaaji mooftaazi zi ina poti rokkude sifaaji laaɓtuɗi e golle safaara kuutorteeɗe so ina ndokka safaara. NMDS ina addana ƴeewtaade e ƴeewtaade dokke infirmiyee e nder yimɓe, nokkuuji, nokkuuji, e sahaa.

## Ƴeew kadi
Njuɓɓudi njuɓɓudi safaara moƴƴiri Set Dowlaaji ɓurɗi famɗude Nanda Feere toppitagol safrooɓe Ƴeewndo infirmiyee Diagnostic infirmiyee Senngo golle infirmiyee (NIC) Senngo batte infirmiyee (NOC) Siistem Omaha

## Tuugnorgal
Nursing Association of Nepal

**Fedde infirmiyee en leydi** Nepal ko fedde ngenndiire toppitiinde infirmiyee en e nder leydi Nepal. Biro hakkundeejo oo woni ko to Kathmandu. Ko tergal e fedde winndereyankoore infirmiyee en. 

## Ƴeew kadi
Doggol juɓɓule infirmiyee
Nursing care levels

**Toɓɓere toppitagol ko toɓɓere** toppitagol ceertunde nde golle toppitagol ñawɗo waɗata. 

To leydi Angalteer, ina heen "Infirmiyee Bay", "Infirmiyee juutɗo juuɗe" e "Infirmiyee 1:1". Ko sakkitii koo kadi ina wiyee "Infirmière spéciale". Ɓe ndaranii ko jogaade toppitagol gila e station gooto haa e nokku -to ina waɗi limoore ñawɓe- e juuɗe infirmiyee, ñawɓe 2 walla 3 ina keɓa e infirmiyee, walla ñawɗo gooto tan e infirmiyee no fotiri.

## Tuugnorgal
Nursing and Midwifery Board of Ireland

**Yiilirde toppitiinde ko fayti** e infirmiyee e jibinannde Irlande (NMBI), nde wiyetee ko An Bord Altranais, ko kañum woni fedde toppitiinde golle infirmiyee e jibinannde to Irlande. Ina jogii fartaŋŋe reende renndo ngoo e nuunɗal gollal golle infirmiyee e jibinannde. Nde gollotoo ko e nafoore renndo e nder sariya infirmiyee en, 1985 e sariya infirmiyee en e jibinannde, 2011.

Ko o Regulator ngam golle infirmiyee e jibinannde, NMBI: 

: 

ina jogii Binnditagol Infirmiyee en e Rewɓe e Binnditagol Kanndidaaji wonande infirmiyee en e Rewɓe janngooɓe ina waɗa tolnooji jaŋde e heblo infirmiyee en e jibinannde jaɓata porogaraamuuji jaŋde potɗi winnditaade e ƴeewtaade ɗiin porogaraamuuji e nder dumunna ina wallita winnditiiɓe ɓee e rokkude ballal potngal e jikkuuji e nehdiiji golle wonande infirmiyee en winnditiiɓe ɓee e jibinanndeeji ɗii fof ina naamnoo wullitaango feewde e winnditiiɓe e waɗde kuule jowitiiɗe e kuuge kuuge e dow infirmiyee en winnditiiɓe e rewɓe jibinannde jogiiɓe ko yiytaa e dow mum en, e ina wasiyoo jaagorde cellal e renndo ngoo kala ko yowitii e golle mum. 

## Tuugnorgal
NurseTV (TV network)

**NurseTV (NTV)** ko lowre teleeji *internet* e teleeji sinndikaaji ngenndiiji, baɗɗiiɗi e infirmiyee en e golle infirmiyee en to leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik. 

## Jokkondire yaajɗe
Lowre laawɗunde NurseTV to IMDb Heɓde infirmiyee en udditi NurseTV.com Yiyngo AAACN, Noowammbar/Desam
Nurse TV (Australia)

**Nurse TV** ko eɓɓoore tele renndo Ostarali nde woni ko e peewnugol gila 2003. Haa hannde ko ina tolnoo e 70 *episode* ko fayti e golle infirmiyeeji Ostarali peewnaama. 

## Jokkondire yaajɗe
Lowre laawɗunde
Nurse scientist

**ganndo infirmiyee** ko infirmiyee jogiiɗo taƴondiral toowngal ko wayi no Ph.D. e nder fannu infirmiyee walla fannu jokkondirɗo e mum tawa ina waɗi kuule wiɗto e laabi, jogiiɗo kadi ganndal kuuɓtodinngal karallaagal e fannu keeriiɗo e nder safaara. Ko adii fof ko darnde ndee woni rokkude ardorde e nder ƴellitgol, jokkondire e njuɓɓudi wiɗtooji kilinik ; rokkude mentorship wonande infirmiyee en e wiɗtooji ; ardaade golle ƴeewndorɗe moƴƴinooje batte ñawɓe tawtoraaɓe e wiɗtooji ; wallitde e binndol gannde cellal kuuɓtodinɗe. Annduɓe infirmiyee en ina njiytee ko no jom en ganndal nii. Ɓe tawtoraama wiɗtooji infirmiyeeji.

## Ƴeew kadi
Ganndo safaara nguurndam 

## Tuugnorgal
Nurse registry

**binnditagol infirmiyee, binnditagol infirmiyee**, walla binnditagol infirmiyee ko doggol infirmiyee en jogiiɓe yamiroore sariya ngam waɗde infirmiyee. Binnditagol ngol ko fedde toppitiinde yamiroore toɗɗaande e sariya ngam yuɓɓinde golle ɗee. Ko ɗoon woni iwdi tiitoonde sariya "Infirmière enregistrée". 

Heewi wonde ko kala infirmiye ina rokketee limoore mum walla limoore laylaytol mum. E nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik, helmere binnditagol infirmiyee ndee ina heewi huutoreede kadi ngam wiyde ko njuɓɓudi infirmiyee, woni gollorde keeriinde rokkata per diem walla locum tenens infirmiyeeji to opitaaluuji, birooji safrooɓe e yimɓe. Binnditagol infirmiyee en kadi ko sosiyeteeji baɗooji jokkondire e ñawɓe ngam toppitaade infirmiyee en waawɓe e waawɓe. Ɗee sosiyeteeji ina njogii doggol gollotooɓe infirmiyee, ɓe ɓe teskii ina njogii yamiroore e heblo laaɓtungo, ɓe kuutortoo ngam neldude infirmiyee en gollotooɓe e ñawɓe.

Florence Nightingale salii binndital gootal, ngenndiwal, wonande infirmiyee en. O teskiima wonde binndital gootal ngenndiwal ina yaawi yaltude e jamaanu, ina bonna infirmiyee en hesɓe heblaaɓe e rokkude laawɗingol infirmiyee en heblaaɓe ɓe caggal ɗuum kollitii wonde ɓe ngalaa kaɓirɗe e golle ɗee. E oon sahaa, njuuteendi e mbaadi heblo ngoo ina ceerti no feewi. Binndital ngal Fedde Infirmiyee en Angalteer ƴetti ngal, limtaani heen hay huunde e ko infirmiyee heɓi heblo ngo. Nightingale ina sikki wonde infirmiyee ina foti wonde autonome no golle nii, wonaa e les njiimaandi safrooɓe. Feccere e jooɗorɗe BNA ɗee, ko safrooɓe poti rokkireede. Nightingale ardiima kampaañuuji keewɗi ngam haɓaade BNA. 

## Ƴeew kadi
portal safaara ikon

Yiilirde infirmiyee

## Ciimtol
National Council of State Boards of Nursing

**Konseye ngenndiijo toppitiiɗo ko fayti e infirmiyee** (NCSBN) ko fedde nde wonaa laamuyankoore, nde wonaa laamuyankoore, daraniinde juɓɓule toppitiiɗe infirmiyeeji e nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik. Ngol woni goomu gollondirngu e juɓɓule laamu toppitiiɗe cellal, ina wallita jokkondiral e golle e geɗe cellal e kisal renndo. Ina jeyaa e golle teeŋtuɗe NCSBN, ƴellitgol e njuɓɓudi jaŋde laylaytol (NCLEX), jaŋde teskinnde, ɗaɓɓaande ngam heɓde yamiroore infirmiyee e nder ko ɓuri heewde e juɓɓule. Yanti heen, fedde ndee ina waɗa wiɗtooji ngam humpitaade golle kuuɓtodinɗe tuugiiɗe e hujjaaji ko faati e ndeenka renndo. Tergal NCSBN ina waɗi 59 fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e safaara e nder diiwanuuji 50 Amerik ɗii fof, e nder diiwaan Columbia, e nder leyɗeele nay Amerik. The NCSBN's membership includes 59 nursing regulatory bodies across all 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and four U.S. territories. 

## Ƴeew kadi

* Jaŋde laylaytol Diisnondiral 
* ngenndiwal 
* Infirmiyee
* Infirmiyee to leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik Lislaam
* infirmiyee Tendinowo
National Certification Corporation

**Koolol seedantaagal ngenndiwal** (NCC) sosaa ko ngam ƴellitde, njuɓɓudi, e ƴeewtaade porogaraam seedantaagal e nder fannuuji safaaraaji jibinannde, rewɓe e sukaaɓe jibinaaɓe e nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik. Naatnaa e hitaande 1975, e laamiiɗo e yiilirde, porogaraam seedantaagal NCC ina jaɓee e Komiseer ngenndiijo ngam seedantaagal (NCCA), woni fedde jaɓannde Institut pour la *Excellence Credential*. E hitaande 2009, NCC rokkii ko ina tolnoo e 95 000 seedantaagal e seedantaagal ɓeydaare.

## Jaŋɗeele
**Seedantaagal**

core Infirmier winnditiiɗo seedtinaaɗo e infirmiye yumma jibinaaɗo (RNC-MNN) 

Infirmier winnditiiɗo seedtinaaɗo e toppitagol sukaaɓe jibnaaɓe (RNC-NIC)

Infirmier winnditiiɗo seedantaagal jibinannde ñawɓe (RNC-OB)

Infirmier winnditiiɗo seedtinaaɗo e infirmiye sukaaɓe jibnaaɓe (RNC-LRN) 

**Seedantaagal golloowo infirmiyee** 

Infirmiyee toppitiiɗo cellal rewɓe (WHNP-BC)

Infirmiyee jibinaaɗo (NNP-BC) 

**Seedeeji ɓeydaaɗi Seedantaagal** 

e ƴeewndo ɓiɗɗo elektoronik (C-EFM) 

Seedantaagal e yah-ngartaa sukaaɓe jibinaaɓe (C-NPT) 

## Tuugnorgal
Emily Miller (police officer)

**Emily Miller** (10 marse 1871 –10 marse 1962) ko infirmiyee e polis Ecoppinaajo. 

## Nguurndam
gadano Emily Miller jibinaa ko to Govan. Jibnaaɓe makko ko Ann Gallagher e John Miller, jom kaɓirɗe. 

## Kugal
Miller golliima e nder suudu safrirdu laamɗo Glasgow e suudu safrirdu miskineeɓe e asilo Greenock. O waɗi wiɗtooji ngam Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe hakkunde 1910 e 1915. E lewru suwee 1915, o gollinaa e polis wuro Glasgow, debbo gadano jogaade ndeeɗoo darnde. O gollinaama ngam ƴettude bayyinaango e rewɓe e sukaaɓe ɓe njiylotonoo, walla seedtiiɓe ɗum.

E hitaande 1920, e wondude e sehil makko polis biyeteeɗo Jean Thomson, o rokki seedantaagal to Goomu Departemaa toppitiiɗo golle rewɓe e golle polis. Ɓe mbiyi wonde ofisee debbo ina foti rokkeede njoɓdi, hakkeeji pension, e mbaawka nanngugol no worɓe nii. 

Miller yalti polis e hitaande 1924. 

## Tuugnorgal
Erline P. McGriff

**Erline Perkins McGriff** (18 feebariyee 1924, Petersburg, Virginia – 24 desaambar 2004) ko porfeseer ko faati e safaara to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Rory Meyers to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde New York. O wonti hooreejo Division e hitaande 1976  omo wallita e yaajtinde division graduate duɗal ngal. McGriff wonnoo kadi ko gardiiɗo Division Infirmière to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Trenton State.

## Jaangirde
McGriff heɓi bak mum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Lucy Webb Hayes to opitaal Sibley *Memorial* e hitaande 1945. O heɓi B.S. (infirmiyee, 1950) e M.S. (njuɓɓudi e nder golle infirmiyee, 1953) dipolomaaji e jaŋde infirmiyee to Duɗal Jaaɓihaaɗtirde Katolik Amerik e Ed.D makko. (njuɓɓudi e nder jaŋde infirmiyee, 1967) ummoraade e duɗal jannginooɓe, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Columbia. 

## Binndanɗe
Hurley, Patrisiya M.; McGriff, Erline P. (Lewru Yarkomaa 1995). "Jaŋde infirmiyee e ñawu VIH/SIDA". Jaaynde Fedde Infirmiyee en e toppitagol SIDA. 6 (1): 49-52. 10.1016/S1055-3290(05)80030-5. Ɗemngal 1055-3290. . Heɓtinaama ñalnde 15 marse 2021. 

## Tuugnorgal
Kolcaba's theory of comfort

**Miijo Kolcaba e wellitaare ina fammina** wellitaare ko huunde nde aadee en fof poti huutoraade ngam wallitde, weeɓde, walla ɓurde yaawde ummoraade e ngonkaaji cellal ɗi ngonaa caɗeele. Comfort ina waawi ɓeydude jikkuuji ɗaɓɓooɓe cellal wonande ñawɓe, terɗe galle, e safrooɓe. Miijo mawngo e nder miijo Katharine Kolcaba ko wellitaare. Miijooji goɗɗi jowitiiɗi heen ɗii ko toppitagol, peeje wellitaare, toppitagol kuuɓtodinngol, jikkuuji ɗaɓɓooɓe cellal, nuunɗal juɓɓule, e waylooji naatɗi.

Miijo Kolcaba ina jokki e ƴellitde geɗe nay metaparadigm infirmiyee. Hokkude wellitaare e nder fannuuji ɓanndu, hakkille, renndo, e nokku ngam ustude baasal ko huunde teskinnde e ndee ɗoo miijo. So tawii golle infirmiyee ina ngoodi, batte ɓeydagol wellitaare ina heɓee. 

Ndee ɗoo miijo ummorii ko e miijo Watson jowitiingo e toppitagol aadee e golle mum. Kolcaba ko hooreejo infirmiyee naamnaaɗo ngam siftinde golle mum e infirmiyee tawa ko e yaasi golle keertiiɗe. O anndi ŋakkeende ganndal binndol e dow haala wellitaare ina waɗi nafoore e toppitagol ñawɓe. Jaaynde adannde ndee ko e hitaande 1994, caggal ɗuum yaajtinaa e winndannde e hitaande 2001, nde ɓeydii ƴellitaade e deftere winndaande e hitaande 2003.

Miijo Kolcaba ngoo wonti ko heewi haa ngo jarribaama e nder wiztooji keewzi ko wayi no : rewve wonduve e kanseer e nder reedu mum e nder daawal gadanal ina njahra e radiation therapy mo Kolcaba e *Fox* mbaɗi e hitaande 1999, yimɓe wonduɓe e ɓuuɓri e ɓuuɓri gonndi e ɓuuɓri ndi Dowd, Kolcaba, e Steiner co life e00 mbaɗi e hitaande 1999 Novak, Kolcaba, Steiner, e Dowd e hitaande 2001.

## Tuugnorgal
Academy of Medical-Surgical Nurses

**Akademi infirmiyee en safaara-seerndi** (AMSN) ko fedde karallaagal wonande infirmiyee en safaara-seerndi e jeytul nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik. Kuulal maggal ko "waɗde ƴellitaare e nder safaara-seerndi". AMSN sosaa ko e hitaande ndungu alif 1991, ina jogii toɓɓe e nder dowlaaji 50 ɗii kala.

## Tuugnorgal
American Academy of Nursing

**Akademi Ameriknaajo Infirmiyee** (**AAN**) ko fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e cellal, nde sinndata, nde saaktata gannde infirmiyee ngam wallitde politik e golle cellal ngam nafoore renndo e golle infirmiyee. Sosaa ko e hitaande 1973, fedde ndee ko fedde nde wonaa laamuyankoore, nde jeyaa ko e fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e cellal Amerik (ANA).Fedde nde ina yaltina jaaynde lewru kala, anndiraande *Nursing Outlook*.

Terɗe fedde ndee ina noddaa e dow tuugnaade e ardaade e baɗte mum en, ina toɗɗaa kadi wonde *Fellows* (*Fellows*) e nder Akademi Ameriknaajo mo *Nursing* (FAAN). Ndeeɗoo darnde fotaani jiiɓde darnde FAAN nde Akademi Ameriknaajo Neurologie rokki. Noogaas e nder teemedere Fedde ndee ko doktoraa peewnitiiɗo ; heddiiɓe ɓee ina njogii *master* e bakkaa. Haa e hitaande 2014, ina waɗi ko ina tolnoo e 2300 tergal.

Teddungal ɓurngal toowde e akademi oo ko toɗɗagol mum *Living Legend*. Toɗɗaaɓe ngam heɓde darnde *Living Legend* ina poti jogaade darnde FAAN ko famɗi fof duuɓi 15. Haa e lewru desaambar 2012, fedde ndee innirii 82 infirmiyee *Living Legends*.

## Hooreejo leydi
1973-1974, Reba de Tornyay

1974-1975, Fayye Glenn Abdellaah

1975-1976, Elen C. Egan

1976-1977, Mariyam E. Res

1977-1978, Donna C. Agilera

1978-1979, Mariyam Elisabet Karnegi

1979-1980, Linda Aiken

1980-1981, Mariyam E. Konway

1981-1983, Vernis Ferguson

1983-1985, Karolin A. Wiliyam

1985-1987, Giladis E. Sorensen

1987-1989, Retaugh Dumas

1989-1991, Nansi Fugate Woods

1991-1993, Noola Pender

1993-1995, Anjela B. Makbaraid

1995-1997, Barbara A. Donaho

1997-1999, Joys J. Fitzpatrik

1999-2001, Ada Suu Hinshaw

2001-2003, Margaret L. Makluur

2003-2005, Joan L. Ɗaɓɓoowo

2005-2007, Linda Burnes Bolton

2007-2009, ko Pamela

2009-2011, Katarin Gilis

2011-2013, Johanne Diis

2013-2015, ko Diyana Mason

2015-2017, Bobbi Berkowitz

2019-2021, Eyilen Sulivan-Marks (Hooreejo leydi cuɓaaɗo gila 2017-2019)

2021-hannde, ko Kennet R. Daneejo

## Ƴeew kadi
Doggol Leƴƴanɗe Guurɗe e Akademi Infirmiyee Amerik

## Tuugnorgal
American Association of Nurse Practitioners

**Fedde Ameriknaare toppitiinde** **ko fayti e infirmiyee en** (AANP) ko fedde karallaagal Amerik worgo sosaande e hitaande 2013 sabu kawral hakkunde Akademi Ameriknaajo toppitiingu ko fayti e infirmiyee en (sosaa ko e hitaande 1985) e Koldaa Ameriknaajo ko faati e infirmiyee en (sosaa ko e hitaande 1995) ngam rokkude infirmiyee en laawol advo e *network* maɓɓe haalaaji. Akademi Ameriknaajo toppitiiɗo ko fayti e infirmiyeeji ko fedde adannde sosaande ngam gollotooɓe e infirmiyee en e nder denndaangal fannuuji e nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik, AANP ina heddii e wonde fedde ngenndiire ɓurnde mawnude e terɗe gollotooɓe e infirmiyee en e nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik. AANP ina yiɗi daranaade nafooje ko ina ɓura 355 000 infirmiyee en jogiiɓe yamiroore golloraade e nder U.S. e jokkude e daranaade to bannge nokkuuji, dowlaaji e feddeeji ngam anndinde gollotooɓe e infirmiyee en wonde rokkooɓe cellal toowngal, ngal alaa ko nafata, ngal alaa ko nafata.

Fedde ndee ina jogii jaayɗe ɗiɗi laawɗuɗe : Jaaynde Fedde Ameriknaare toppitiinde ko fayti e infirmiyee en e jaaynde toppitiinde ko fayti e infirmiyee en.

## Kewuuji teskiniiɗi
2013 – Koolaaɗo kuuɓal Ameriknaajo e Akademi Ameriknaajo toppitiiɗo ko fayti e infirmiyeeji kawri ngam sosde Fedde Ameriknaare toppitiinde ko fayti e infirmiyee en.

2019 – AANP ɓurii 100 000 tergal.

2020 – AANP jaabtii yeewtere WGN e deftere luulndiinde laamu kuuɓtodinngu timmungu wonande gollotooɓe e infirmiyee en, ina wiya wonde daartol ngol ina saakti "miijooji kuuɓtodinɗi e haalaaji bonɗi".

## Tuugnorgal
Kansas State Board of Nursing

**Kansas State Board of Nursing** (**KSBN**) woni hukuuma infirmiyee ngam lesdi Kansas nden boo ɗon regle infirmiye'en winnditiiɓe, infirmiye'en kuugal marɓe laylaytol, e karallaagal cellal hakkiilo marɓe laylaytol nder jiha kan. Faandaare mayre hollitaama ko "Reende Cellal Jaaɓihaaɗtirde, Kisal e Wellitaare Ɓiɓɓe leydi Kansas rewrude e Licensure and *Regulation Process*." Yiilirde ndee ina jogii jooɗorɗe 11, ina waɗi infirmiyee en joy winnditiiɓe, infirmiyee en ɗiɗo liggotooɓe, ɗiɗo licenseeɓe karallaagal cellal hakkille renndo ɗiɗo e karallaagal cellal hakkille general ɗiɗo. Kala tergal e yiilirde ina foti wonde hoɗnooɗo Kansas, ɓiyleydi Amerik..

## Tariya
Yiilirde infirmiyeeji diiwaan Kansas sosaa ko e hitaande 1913 hono Yiilirde diiwaan Kansas ngam ƴeewndo e binnditagol infirmiyee en e ƴettugol sariya gollal infirmiyee en. Yiilirde ndee sosaa ko ngam tabitinde kisal toppitagol safrooɓe wonande hoɗɓe e Kansas e reende renndo ngoo e safrooɓe ɓe ngalaa kaayitaaji. Guwerneer oo suɓiima e fuɗɗoode infirmiyee en nayo jaŋngooɓe e ndeeɗoo fedde, ɓe cuɓaa e doggol noddanooɓe fedde infirmiyee en diiwaan Kansas, wondude e Sekereteer fedde diiwaan binnditagol e ƴeewndo safaara, gadano e maɓɓe ko cafroowo (Dr. Dykes). Joɗnde adannde yiilirde ndee yuɓɓinaama ñalnde 1 sulyee 1913, 657 ɗaɓɓoowo winnditaama, gooto fof yoɓaama fotde 5,00 dolaar. Joɗnde ɗiɗmere yiilirde ndee waɗi ko ñalnde 30 oktoobar 1913, ɗo yiilirde ndee winnditi gorko gadano e nder diiwaan hee, hono Chriss Hare, e suɓaade ƴeewtotooɗo ngam humpitaade ngonka kala duɗal infirmiyee. E ƴettugol sariya ɗiɗaɓo jowitiiɗo e golle infirmiyee en e hitaande 1949, fedde ndee sosaa kadi, ko fedde Kansas ngam winnditaade infirmiyee en e jaŋde infirmiyee en. Yimɓe njoyo mbaɗi fedde hesere ndee ; ɓe cuɓaama e guwerneer oo e nder doggol infirmiyee en waawɓe golle e jogiiɓe yamiroore nde fedde infirmiyee en diiwaan Kansas rokki. 

## Tuugnorgal
Senngo batte infirmiyee

**Senngo batte infirmiyee (NOC)** ko njuɓɓudi senngo sifotoongo batte ñawɗo sensible e intervention infirmière. NOC ko njuɓɓudi ngam ƴeewtaade batte toppitagol safaara e nder golle safaara. NOC ina waɗi 330 batte, e kala heen batte ina jogii nate, firo, e denndaangal kollitooje e peeje ngam anndude keɓal batte infirmiyee e ina heen Terminaali ɗii ko terminoloji ɗi Fedde Infirmiyee en Amerik anndi, ina tawee e UMLS, kadi ko HL7 winnditaa 

E ƴellitaare golle infirmiyeeji yahruɗi yeeso e haajuuji hollirde nafoore e toppitagol ñawɓe, jannginooɓe e gollooɓe yahruɓe yeeso puɗɗiima wiɗtude e anndude batte infirmiyee-sensitive. Ɗee ina cifaa no ciforii nii, ko ngonka neɗɗo, galle walla renndo, jikku walla miijo fotngo e dow jokkondire ngam jaabaade jokkondire infirmiyee. Nursing sensible outcomes ina teskaa e nder infirmiye rheumatology,infirmiye sukaaɓe e nder toppitagol tiiɗ. 

## Tuugnorgal
American Museum of Nursing

**Musiyum Ameriknaajo** ko faati e infirmiyee ina jeyaa e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde infirmiyee to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Arizona State. Ngo woni ko wuro wiyeteengo Tempe, to Arizona, to Dental Dowlaaji Amerik. Ina waɗi kollirɗe uniformeeji, afiseeji, geɗe safaara, fotooje e geɗe goɗɗe ciftorteeɗe e infirmiyee, defterdu wiɗto, suudu binndanɗe seeɗa, e defterdu defte. Jooni noon, ko mooftaa koo ina jeyaa e koolol hakkunde leyɗeele to Scottsdale, Arizona, ina ɗaɓɓa nokku duumotooɗo.

## Do yaajɗe
American Red Cross Nursing Service

**Ko Jane Arminda Delano** (1862-1919) yuɓɓini fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e cellal Amerik e hitaande 1909. Infirmier e tergal fedde wiyeteende Croix-Rouge Amerik, Delano yuɓɓinii sarwiis infirmiyee oo ko rezerw Korse infirmiyee konu ngam hesɗitinde ɗum ko adii nde Amerik naatata e wolde adunaare adannde.

## Ƴeew kadi
Daartol infirmiyee e nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik

## Teskorɗe
Yekaterina Bakunina

**Yekaterina Mikhailovna Bakunina** (e ɗemngal Riisi: Екатери́на Миха́йловна Баку́нина; 13 suwee [O.S. 1 suwee] 1810 – 18 mee [O.S. 6 mee 1894) ko infirmiyee Riisinaajo e nder wolde Kirime, o wallitii e sosde n Nirogokogueur e Riisi.

Bakunina wonti infirmiyee, o yahi haa Kirime caggal noddaango ngam wallude e juuɗe Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna e o siftoree ngam toppitaade soldateeɓe gaañiiɓe, e ardaade e nder infirmiyeeji wallitooɓe konu Riisi.

O heewi nanndireede ko e Florence Nightingale, mo wonnoo kadi infirmiyee ballitooɗo e wolde Kirime ngam konu Angalteer, sabu darnde makko nanndunde e golle infirmiyee, ɗum addani mo innde « Nightingale Riisi ».

## Tuugnorgal
Lisa Bayliss-Pratt

**Lisa Bayliss-Pratt** ko infirmiyee, jooni ardii e ardii jaŋde safaara wonande infirmiyee en e gollotooɓe wallitooɓe to Angalteer. O toɗɗaa ko mawɗo infirmiyee jaŋde cellal Angalteer e hitaande 2012, ɗo eɓɓooji makko mbaɗi *Raising the Bar* ngam ɓamtude jaŋde infirmiyee en ; naatgol darnde Sehil Infirmiyee ; e porogaraam *Return to Practice* ngam hirjinde gollotooɓe jogiiɓe humpito ngam hootde e infirmiyee. Darnde makko e golle makko goɗɗe ina jeyaa heen wonde gardiiɗo diiwaan (directeur régional interim) to Londres e Fuɗnaange-rewo e hitaande 2017 e wonde gardiiɗo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Coventry e hitaande 2019 ngam wonde cukko hooreejo leydi.

Mark Radford mo NHS Angalteer e ɓamtaare toɗɗaama e dumunna juutɗo e hitaande 2019 caggal ɗuum e darnde duumiinde e lewru abriil 2020.

## Tuugnorgal
Ann Hirschman

**A**

**nn Hirschman** ko infirmiyee Ameriknaajo, mawɗo dille safrooɓe laabi.

## Nguurndam e golle puɗɗaaɗe
Ann Hirschman janngi ko infirmiyee, o heɓi seedantaagal makko e hitaande 1967. O naati e Goomu safaara jojjanɗe aadee, ɗo o naati e fedde hollitoore fartaŋŋe moraal ngam wallitde dille jojjanɗe aadee.  E hitaande 1969, Hirschman waɗii e seppo politik to wuro Greenwich.  Nde ɗum wayli, o fuɗɗii waɗde ballal gadanal e kit mo o joginoo e makko sahaa kala.  Hirschman ina tawtoraa e hitaande 1973 e golle koppi gaañiiɓe, ɗo o safri gorko mo o fiyi e hoore. O nanngaama ko ɓuri laabi sappo, o meeɗaa ñaaweede.

Hirschman winndii eɓɓoore heblo safrooɓe mbeddaaji arano, o janngini daraniiɓe ngam wontude safrooɓe.  Janngooɓe makko ina njokkondiri e fedde wiyetnaamnaaɓe haɓantooɓe wolde e fedde wiyeteende Black Panthers.  O jannginii Ron "Doc" Rosen, puɗɗinooɗo Colorado Street Medics, gooto e pelle ɓurɗe ɓooyde e nder leydi ndi.

## Tuugnorgal
HESI exam

**Health Education Systems Incorporated** (HESI) ko sosiyetee Ameriknaajo baɗoowo jaŋdeeji e kaɓirɗe janngirɗe goɗɗe ngam wallitde heblude janngooɓe cellal infirmiyeeji e janngooɓe cellal jokkondirɓe e jaŋdeeji mum en ngam heɓde laylaytol golle.  Duɗe ina keewi huutoraade jaŋde HESI ngam wallitde teskaade no almuudo oo waawirta heɓde jaŋde e nder jaŋde hono NCLEX-RN.

HESI ko Elsevier heɓi ɗum e hitaande 2006.

## Ƴeewndo naatgol (A2)
HESI Admission Assessment (A2) ko jarribo naatgol ordinateeruuji kuutorteeɗi e won e porogaraamuuji cellal infirmiyeeji e jokkondirɗi.

Jaŋde ndee ko hojomaaji 285 (waktuuji 4 e hojomaaji 45) ina waɗi 275 naamne toɗɗaaɗe.  Toɓɓe jeetati ina ngoodi e nder jarribooji ceertuɗi : grammar, faamde jaŋde, kelme e gannde kuuɓtodinɗe, karallaagal hiisawal, anatomi e fisiyoloji, biyoloji, e kemikal.

## Jaŋde yaltugol (E2)
Duɗe keewɗe ina kuutoroo HESI Exit Exam (E2) ngam ƴeewde no almudɓe ɓee poti waɗde jaŋde NCLEX.  Njeñtudi E2 ina jogii kadi darnde e ƴeewtaade nafoore jaŋde e jannginooɓe duɗal ngal.

## Ƴeew kadi
Jaŋde infirmiyee

Lislaam karallaagal to leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik

Test karallaagal jaŋde teeŋtungal

## Tuugnorgal
Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing

Dundalk infirmiyeeji biyeteengal **Frances Payne Bolton ko duɗal** infirmiyeeji to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde *Case Western Reserve* to wuro wiyeteengo Cleveland, Ohio.  Duɗal ngal inniraa ko teddungal Frances Payne Bolton, gonnooɗo depitee e nder diiwaan 22ɓo Cleveland.

## Tariya
Ko adii fof ko Duɗal Janngingol Opitaal Lakeside ngam Infirmiyee, duɗal ngal sosaa ko e hitaande 1898. Kate Benedict Hanna Harvey (1871–1936), ronooɓe jawdi e moƴƴere sosiyetee M. A. Hanna, ardii sosngo maggal. 3  E teddungal e caggal nde Farayse Payne Bolton rokki ɗum, duɗal ngal wayli innde mum e hitaande 1935, wonti Duɗal Infirmiyee Farayse Payne Bolton.

*Case Western Reserve* sosi doktoraa gadano e nder winndere nde e hitaande 1979.

E hitaande 2019, birooji mawɗi ɗii mbayliima e nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde jaŋde cellal, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Cleveland Clinic.

￼Natal laawɗungal Marian Shaughnessy ngal Steven Christopher Seward waɗi, 2022

Akademi Ardungal Infirmiyeeji Marian K. Shaughnessy sosaa ko e hitaande 2021, ina woni e Duɗal Jaŋde Cellal.

Porogaraamuuji

Duɗal janngirde Frances Payne Bolton ina janngina annduɓe cellal.  Ina rokka porogaraamuuji infirmiyeeji leslesɗi e dipolomaaji, ina heen:

Baccalauréat e ganndal e nder safaara (BSN)

Naatgol jaŋde toownde (MN)

Master ganndal e nder safaara (MSN)

Doktoor to bannge golle infirmiyee (DNP)

Doktoor filosofi e nder safaara (PhD)

Porogaraam DNP/PhD Doktoraa ɗiɗo

## Tuugnorgal
Your Life in My Hands

**Nguurndam maa e juuɗe am: daartol doktoor tokooso** ko deftere ciimtol 2017 nde doktoor Angalteer biyeteeɗo Rachel Clarke winndi, nde Metro Books yaltini. Ina rokka ciimtol ko fayti e nguurndam makko e nder golle makko e nder leydi Angalteer. Rewi heen ko Nguurndam giɗli (2020) e Fooftere (2021).
### Tuugnorgal
Florence Nightingale effect

**Florence Nightingale effect** ko trope ɗo toppitiiɗo ina yiɗi ñawɗo mum, hay so tawii jokkondiral walla jokkondiral seeɗa tan waɗata ko caggal toppitagol teskinngol.  Feere ina waawi majjude so ñawɗo oo nattii haajuuji toppitagol.

## Fuɗɗam
Effect oo inniraa ko Florence Nightingale, piilaaɗo e fannu safaara e feccere ɗimmere teeminannde 19ɓiire. Sabu darnde makko e toppitaade ñawɓe, o innitiraa ko "Laamɗo lampa" sabu aada makko waɗde ronndo jamma, ko adii ɗuum o waɗataa.  Toppitagol makko ina wayla haa abada no opitaaluuji ɗii mbaɗirta ñawɓe.  Ko ɓuri heewde e yimɓe ina cikka ko Nightingale woni sosɗo safaara jamaanu.  Alaa ko winndaa e makko so wonaa yiɗde gooto e ñawɓe makko.  E goonga, hay so tawii o heewi resde, o meeɗaa resde ngam hulde wonde ɗum ina waawi haɗde mo noddaango makko ngam safrude.  Albert Finney hollitii batte ɗee ko "sindrom Florence Nightingale" e nder yeewtere waɗnoonde e hitaande 1982, e ndeen konngol huutortenoo ko adii ɗuum ngam wiyde gollotooɓe cellal ina njokki e njoɓdi ndi njiyataa e nder golle mum en.

## E nder pinal leñol
E nder filmo Back to the Future, Doktoor Emmett Brown hollitii ngalɗoo batte ngam faamninde yiɗde yumma Marty, Lorraine, e gorko potɗo wonde baaba mum, nde o toppitii mo jamma gooto caggal nde oto baaba makko yani e Marty.

Effekt oo kadi ina haalee e nder yeewtere Seinfeld "The Junior Mint".

Batte mum ina cifaa e nder pijirlooji wideyoo Yakuza: No Dragon nii e nder tonngoode 7, kono ina wiyee "Syndrome Florence Nightingale"

## Tuugnorgal
Effective therapeutic regimen management

**Heɓde ngam ɓeydude njuɓɓudi safaara** ko NANDA jaɓi diagnosis infirmiyee mo siforii ko "Nguurndam e naatgol e nder nguurndam ñalnde kala e porogaraam (s) ngam safrude ñawu e sequelae mum ko ina heddinoo ngam heɓde paandaale jowitiiɗe e cellal at[I] introduced be."  Koolol NANDA 15 ngol e hitaande 2002. Faandaare : Ndee deftere ina waɗi yeewtere ko faati e ƴeewndorɗe infirmiyee, batte mum, e jokkondire mum wonande mawɓe.  Ko noon ne kadi, diagnostics cuɓaaɗi ngam *volume* ɗii ngonaa timmuɗi, kono ina mbaɗi ganndal ngal ƴellitaaki no feewi. En cuɓiima ñawbuuli ɓurɗi heewde, ɓurɗi saɗtude safrude, e/walla ɓurɗi hatojinde e ƴellitaare ngam humpitaade infirmiyee en gollotooɓe e almudɓe infirmiyee en e moƴƴinde nguurndam mawɓe.

Hay so tawii ko ɓuri heewde e ñawbuuli gonɗi ɗoo ɗii njaɓaama ngam ƴeewndaade e nder safaara NANDA-I (NANDA, 2014), won heen ko sifaaji keertiiɗi ñawbuuli ɓurɗi huuɓtodinnde ;  e.g., Riis ngam Tooke : Tooke Drog ina yiyee no sifaa keeriiɗo Riis ngam Gaññeeje.  Ñawbuuli goɗɗi ɗi NANDA-I jaɓaani (yeru, Depression e Relocation Stress Syndrome) ina heen sabu ina keewi, ina caɗti ƴellitde caɗeele ɗe infirmiyee en kawrata e yimɓe mawɓe.  Anniya amen ko yaajnaade ƴellitaare miijo e golle ƴeewndorɗe, batte mum e jokkondire mum en, e ɓeydude yeewtere jokkondiral mum en ngam ɓeydude nafoore kilinik e ɓeydude ƴellitaare e jarribooji ɗi safrooɓe e wiɗtooɓe infirmiyee en mbaɗata.  Leppi e ko woni e nder diagnostic, batte e interventions ina kawri e ko NANDA-I, NOC, e NIC njaltini so wonaa tawa ko noon hollirtee, walla ina nanndi e senngooji bayyinaazi zi tawa ina njogii dalillaaji zi ndokkaama ngam seerndude.

Sifaa : Deftere ndee yuɓɓinaama e nder laylayti sappo e go’o, heen laylaytol ina hollira heen gootal e mbaydiiji cellal gollorɗi ɗi Gordon (1994) winndi.  Ko ɓuri heewde e boowe nder yuɓɓo ina yuɓɓinee nii, hay so tawii won heen ko seerti heen.  Ko adii nde golle ɗee mbaɗata, ko batte ñawɗo sensible (NOC) ina yeewtee.  Ko ɗum waɗi e nder doggol miijooji kilinik, batte yiɗde ɗee ina teskaa ko adii suɓagol jokkondire ngam heɓde batte ɗee.  En njaɓii winndooɓe ɓee won e latitude e nder yuɓɓo tonngooɗe mum en, kono, e nder heen, ina waɗi jokkondire keewɗe e mbaadi.  Naatgol Hollirde Miijo Ƴeewndo Infirmiyee Nafoore Ƴeewndo Infirmiye ngam moƴƴinde nguurndam yimɓe mawɓe Jaaɓnirde e nder yimɓe mawɓe Ƴeewndo e Ƴeewndo Jaɓɓungal *Sensitive to Nursing Intervention* Peeje Naatgol Infirmiyee Jokkude Jaŋde Evid

## Ƴeew kadi
Senngo golle infirmiyee (NIC)

Ko ɓuri famɗude e dokke infirmiyee (NMDS)

## Tuugnorgal
East Carolina University College of Nursing

**Koolaaɗo kuuɓal ko duɗal jaaɓi** haaɗtirde gonngal e nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde East Carolina.  Ina rokka dipolom gooto, hono infirmiyee.  Kolleeje ɗee ina ndokka *Masters* e ganndal e nder safaara (Infirmière) tawa ina waɗi heen geɗe jeetati.  Kolleeje ɗee ina ndokka kadi porogaraam PhD.  Ndee ɗoo fedde ko ngam yahrude yeeso e golle infirmiyee e jaŋde infirmiyee.

Ñalnde 12 oktoobar 2007, Yiilirde Ngenndiire Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde North Carolina jaɓii yo Duɗal Infirmiyee ngal waɗte e Koldaa Infirmiyee.  

## Tuugnorgal
Emmy Dörfel

**Emmy Dörfel** (26 marse 1908 – 18 mee 2002) ko infirmiyee Almaañnaajo.  O rokkaama njeenaari Florence ñalnde 28 lewru juko hitaande 1963.

## Tuugnorgal
Doctor of Nursing Science

**Doktoraa ganndal infirmiyee** (**D.N.S**. walla **D.N.Sc**.) ko dipolom wiɗto jaŋde rokketeeɗo e nder leyɗeele keewɗe e nder winndere ndee kala, ko dipolom wiɗto timmuɗo e infirmiyee.  Tiitoonde ndeeɗoo degere ina seerti e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde rokkata ngal.  Goɗngol e ngalɗoo dipolom ko dipolom Doktoraa ganndal e infirmiyee (D.S.N.).  Ndeeɗoo degere wiɗto jaŋde ina anndaa e Departemaa Jaŋde Amerik e Fooyre Ganndal Ngenndiire ngam fotde Doktoraa Filosofi ɓurɗo heewde rokkeede Ph.D.

## Tuugnorgal
Certified medical-surgical registered nurse

**Infirmiyee en safaara-seerndi ina poti jogaade** won e sarɗiiji ngam heɓde seedantaagal wonde Infirmiyee binnditiiɗo safaara-seerndi seedantaagal. Jaŋde ndee ina waɗi waktuuji tati hannde, ina waɗi 150 naamne cuɓaaɗe 

Seedantaagal infirmiyee-seerndi (e *recertification*) ko *Medical-Surgical Nursing* *Certification Board* rokkata ɗum, fedde jooɗiinde to leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik ina woodi ngam tabitinde laabi seedantaagal ngam tabitinde ganndal e infirmiyee-seerndi.  Yiilirde seedantaagal infirmiyeeji safaara-seerndi sosaa ko e ko gollodiiɗo e Akademi infirmiyee en safaara-seerndi, fedde infirmiyeeji keertiiɗi wonande infirmiyee en safaara-seerndi.  Yiilirde ndee ina gollondira e akademi oo ngam rokkude heen geɗe keewɗe e porogaraamuuji e sarwisaaji ngam ɓamtaare ganndal.

## Tuugnorgal
  

## Jokkondire yaajɗe
Kabaaru seedantaagal AMSN/MSNCB
Washington Manual of Medical Therapeutics

**Deftere Washington ngam safaara (walla deftere Washington**) ko deftere janngirnde safaara nde Wayland MacFarlane, jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Washington, mawɗo suudu safaara nder leydi, yaltini e hitaande 1942. Sifaa mum ko "bible de la ward médical",[citation needed] Deftere Washington ndee woni ko e mbaydi mum 37ɓiire, jooni noon ko nde deftere janngirnde safaara ɓurnde soodde e winndere ndee, nde waɗi ko ina ɓura 200 000 ekkol e nder winndere ndee kala.[citation needed] Nde firtaama e ɗemɗe keewɗe ina heen ɗemɗe Portugaal Grenga, Huruge, Roma Turki, Koree, Japon e Sinuwaa hoybinaango e Sinuwaa ɓooyɗo fof. Winndooɓe deftere ndee hannde ko Hilary E.L. Reno, Daniyel H. Kuuper, Andere J. Krainik, e Sam J. Lubner.

## Tuugnorgal
Canadian Indigenous Nurses Association

**fedde infirmiyee en ɓiɓɓe leydi Kanadaa** (CINA) ko fedde nde wonaa laamuyankoore, nde wonaa laamuyankoore. Ko fedde jokkondirnde e Fedde Infirmiyee en Kanadaa.  CINA woni fedde infirmiyeeji tan wonande leƴƴi koɗdiiɗi e nder Kanadaa, ko adii ɗuum ina anndiranoo Fedde infirmiyeeji Aborigine en Kanadaa.  Ann Thomas Callahan, infirmiyee Kanadaa Cree, ina jeyaa e sosde nde, fedde nde rokki mo njeenaari nguurndam e hitaande 2014.

## Ƴeew kadi
Doggol juɓɓule infirmiyee

## Tuugnorgal
  

## Jokkondire yaajɗe
Lowre laawɗunde
Board of nursing

**board of nursing** ko fedde toppitiinde golle infirmiyee e nder juɓɓule cifaaɗe, ko ɓuri heewde ko dowla walla diiwaan.  Yiilirde ndee ina heewi jaɓde e ƴeewtaade duɗe janngirɗe infirmiyee e nder juɓɓule mum, kadi ina jokkondiri e kala fannu laylaytol infirmiyee.  E nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik, juɓɓule infirmiyee dowlaaji e terɗe ina mbaɗi Diiso ngenndiijo juɓɓule infirmiyee dowlaaji.

## Tuugnorgal
Rook's Textbook of Dermatology

**Deftere Rook nde ganndal ɓalli** ko deftere janngirnde ɓurnde mawnude e ganndal ɓalli nde Wiley yaltini. Jaaynde nayaɓere ndee yalti ko e hitaande 2016.

## Tariya
Ko adii fof, eɓɓoore Rook ndee yaltinaa ko e defte ɗiɗi, to Oxford e hitaande 1968. Ko Arthur Rook, Darrell Wilkinson e John Ebling ndenndi nde daartoowo.

Version internet yaltinaama ngam eɓɓoore go’aɓere e hitaande 2010.

Edition nayaɓo e nder defte nay, ko Wiley yaltini ɗum e hitaande 2016.

## Tuugnorgal
Timely Death

**Maayde e sahaa: Teskaade hakkeeji men cakkitiiɗi** ko deftere nde wonaa firo, nde winndiyanke Kanadaa biyeteeɗo Anne Mullens winndi, nde Knopf Canada yaltini e lewru mee 1996. E nder deftere ndee, winndiyanke oo ina siftora ƴellitaare safaara e ɓeydagol nguurndam juutɗam e nder ngonka hakke maayde teddunde. Deftere nde innitiraa ko "deftere wiɗtaande no feewi, laaɓtunde, winndaande e yurmeende e laaɓal." Anne Mullens, ƴetti daartol Sue Rodriguez e nder jaaynde wiyeteende The Vancouver Sun, caggal ɗuum e jaaynde wiyeteende Toronto Star. Ko ɗum woni ko Mullens addani mo winndude deftere nde, o wiyi "jikku makko e maayde wayliima e nder binndol nde"."

Njeenaaje e teddungal

Maayde e sahaa heɓi "Njeenaari Edna Staebler ngam tafngo ngo wonaa firo" e hitaande 1997.

## Tuugnorgal
My Own Country

**Leydi am**: Daartol Doktoor ko deftere adannde nde Abraham Verghese winndi.[1]  Nde yalti ko adii e hitaande 1994, nde naati e doggol defte teskinɗe e New York Times e ndeen hitaande.[2]  Ina huutoree e duɗe jaaɓi-haaɗtirde e duɗe cafrirɗe e nder Amerik worgo fof e nder winndere ndee kala sabu no nde jokkondirta e jikkuuji yurmeende e yurmeende nde heewi waasde e nder jaŋde duɗe cafrirɗe e yonta karallaagal toowngal e tuugnaade e ordinateeruuji ngam wonde kuutorɗe ƴeewndo adanɗe.

## Ngeesa
Leydi am ina rewi e daartol suka cafroowo ñawu nguu e cakkital kitaale 1980 to wuro Johnson, Tennessee, puɗɗinooɗo safrude ñawɓe wonduɓe e ñawu ngu anndaaka e oon sahaa.  Sabu keewal ñawɓe wonduɓe e maale goote ɗee, tawi noon, haa jooni, alaa safaara moƴƴo, Doktoor Verghese wonti, e dow haajuuji, karallo SIDA e nder wuro ngoo.  No o rokki ñawɓe makko to bannge toppitagol e yurmeende nii, o dañii heen ko to bannge faamde e jaŋde duumiinde no sellirta so safaara alaa.  Heewi wonde ko kanko tan woni e sara leeso ñawɓe makko, nde ɓesngu e sehilaaɓe, kulɓiniiɓe walla yedduɓe ñawu nguu, ngoɗɗitoo.  Gila e sunaare maayde heewnde e kollirɗe bonɗe ɗe njiyaagu, gila e dokkugol makko waktuuji keewɗi e wellitaare, e udditgol nguurndam makko e nder galle makko e gila e nanndugol e yaakaare ngonka kaa, deftere nde ina heewi ngalu e neɗɗaagu, nde daartol ngol ina ummina e yaakaare hay so tawii noon ina sath of plumbs the.

Adaptaasiyoŋaaji

Fijoowo biyeteeɗo Naveen Andrews hollitii Verghese e hitaande 1998, ko Mira Nair ardii ɗum, o yaltini ɗum e Showtime.

## Tuugnorgal

*   Doris, Mikayel (26 lewru nduu e hitaande 1994).  "Doktor leydi ina jokkondiri e jamaanu SIDA".  Waktuuji Los Anjeles.  Heɓtinaa ko ñalnde 29/05/2023.
*   Kilaas, Perri (28 lewru nduu 1994).  "SIDA e nder leydi ɓernde".  Jaaynde New York.  Ɗemngal 0362-4331.  Heɓtinaa ko ñalnde 29/05/2023.
*   Hughes, Mike (12 sulyee 1998).  "Film Sida ina heewi miijooji; Haalaaji yurmeende: Glenne Headly e Naveen Andrews ina ngondi e 'Leydi am'".  Jaaynde dowla Lansing.  h.  1E.  Heɓtinaama ñalnde 15 lewru juko hitaande 2025. "Wonande Dr. Abraham Verghese, ɗum ko yahdu e nder aduna keso. [...] Njillu nguu wonti 'Leydi am,' deftere Verghese e filmo moƴƴo (9 p.m. hannde e Showtime pay-cable) mo gardo Mira Nair winndi."

## Jokkondire yaajɗe
Leydi am e IMDb
Women Exploited By Abortion

**Rewɓe huutortooɓe e ruttaade** (WEBA) ko fedde Ameriknaare haɓantoonde ruttaade, nde Nancy Jo Mann sosi e hitaande 1982 ngam rewɓe tuubiiɓe ruttaade. E hitaande 1985, David Reardon wiɗtii 250 debbo e nder ndee fedde, o wiyi e fenaande wonde ruttaade ina addana neɗɗo caɗeele cellal hakkille.

## '''Tuugnorgal'''
Textbook of Pain

Deftere janngirnde nafoore Wall & Melzack ko deftere janngirnde safaara nde Elsevier yaltini. Nde inniraa ko Patrick David Wall e Ronald Melzack, naatnooɓe miijo ƴeewndo damal e nder wiɗtooji ñawu nguu e kitaale 1960. Deftere nde fuɗɗii yaltude ko e hitaande 1984, nde siforaama wonde « binndol ganndal ɓurngol laaɓtude e fannu safaara ñawu ».

E hitaande 1999, deftere ndee naati e bayyinaango mum nayaɓo, ko adii maayde gardiiɗo sosnde nde, hono Patrick David Wall, e hitaande 2001. Jooni ko e bayyinaango mum 6ɓo woni.

## Tuugnorgal
Textbook of Cystic Fibrosis

**Deftere janngirnde** ñawu nguu ko deftere janngirnde safaara, nde John Wright-PSG yaltini e hitaande 1983. Nde John D. Lloyd-Still winndi nde, nde wonnoo ko 27 wallidiiɓe e nder heen, ina heen Still. Ina waɗi heen seeɗa e mbaadi kabaruuji bayyinaaɗi caggal 1980. Rewindaade hannde oo siftinii ɗum wonde ina jeyaa e golle gadane mawɗe baɗɗe faayiida ko fayti e fibrosis cystique.

## Tuugnorgal
Syphilis and Marriage

**Sifilis e dewgal** (1880) ko deftere deftere nde cafroowo Faraysenaajo biyeteeɗo Jean Alfred Fournier winndi, nde o wiyi dewgal hakkunde gorko e debbo jom suudu, ko ɗum tan woni feere koolkisaande ngam haɗde sifilis.

## Bayyinaango
Sifilis e dewgal ko Jean Alfred Fournier mo opitaal Saint-Louis to Pari yaltini ɗum e ɗemngal Farayse e hitaande 1880.

E hitaande 1881 deftere ndee firtaa e ɗemngal Engele ko Prince A. Morrow, e oon hitaande kadi, firo Engele kadi ko Alfred Lingard waɗi

## Ko woni ha to
E nder deftere Fournier hollitii dewgal hakkunde gorko e debbo jom suudu, ko ɗum tan woni feere koolkisaande ngam haɗde sifilis. O eɓɓaani haɗde worɓe sifilis en dewgal haa laaɓa cer, kono o wasiyii yo ɓe ndentu fotde duuɓi nay caggal nde maale ñawu nguu puɗɗii feeñde hade maɓɓe etaade jibinde ɓiɓɓe

## Teskorɗe
E teeminannde sappo e jeenaɓiire, safrooɓe ina cikkatnoo wonde sifilis jibinannde, ndeen ina wiyee sifilis ndonaandi, ina rewa e cukalel ngel rewrude e ƴiiƴam baaba mum nde jibinaa ndee. Ɓe cikkatnoo ko ndeen ɓiɗɗo gonɗo e rafi oo, rewnata yumma mum ñawu nguu e nder reedu mum, ɗum noon ko ɗum addani yummiraaɓe ɓee heewde hollirde maale ñawu nguu so wonaa caggal nde njibini. Ngolɗoo miijo noon wonaa goonga. Teskuyaaji koolniiɗi ngam sifilis ƴettaaka haa hitaande 1906, caggal ɗuum anndaa wonde safrude debbo reedu sifilis ina waawi haɗde ñawu nguu e ɓiɗɗo mum.

## Tuugnorgal
Musculoskeletal Tumor Surgery

**Opereeji ƴiye** () ko deftere jaajnde, ko fayti e ƴiye e ƴiye softuɗe.  Winndiyanke oo ko William F. Enneking, jannginoowo e gardiiɗo ganndal onkoloji ɓalli.  Ko Churchil Livingstone yaltini nde e hitaande 1983.

Ko woni e deftere ndee : Deftere ndee ina luggiɗi e geɗe ceertuɗe e seppooji mboros oo, ina rokka wiɗtooji laaɓtuɗi e karallaagal ƴeewndo, e kuule seppooji, e laabi safaara.  Ina soomi mbaydiiji keewɗi e ɓuuɓri ɓalndu, ina rokka humpitooji e ngonkaaji moƴƴi e bonɗi.  Ko woni heen koo ina waɗi laabi seppooji, senngo tuumooji, e yahrude yeeso cakkitiingo e nder fannu oo.

Yimɓe : Ndee deftere ɓuri teeŋtude ko e safrooɓe ortopediiji, annduɓe e seppooji mborosaaji ɓalli.  Ina hatojini e gollotooɓe e hoɗɓe/sehilaaɓe yiɗɓe huutoraade ngalu kuuɓtodinngu ngam ɓeydude faamde e karallaagal mum en e ndeeɗoo fannu keeriiɗo e ortopedi.  Yanti heen, ina waawi wonde nafoore wonande safrooɓe woɗɓe wonɓe e toppitagol ñawɓe wonduɓe e mborosaaji ɓalndu.

## Tuugnorgal
Substance Abuse Disorders in Clinical Practice

**Namiji mborosaaji** e nder golle safaara ko binndol safaara ngol Edward C. Senay winndi. Ko adii fof ko John Wright PSG yaltini ɗum e hitaande dubi alif 1983, ko W.W. Norton e Co.

## Tuugnorgal