open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Electro-olfactography

**Elektro-olfaktogaraafi walla elektoroolfaktogaraafi** (EOG) ko sifaa elektorogaraafi (teskuya elektorofisiyoloji) ballitoowo janngude olfaasiyoŋ (hakkille uurngol). Ina fotnoo, ina winnda mbayliigaaji kuuɓtodinɗi e nder epiteel olfaktor, e mbaadi nanndundi e no mbaydiiji goɗɗi elektorogaraafi (hono ECG, EEG, e EMG) poondirta e winnditaade golle bioelektrik goɗɗe.

Elektro-olfaktogaraafi huutoraama duuɓi capanɗe ngam yahrude yeeso ganndal uurngol, hay so tawii noon yahrude yeeso e nder biyoloji molekulaaji e nder duuɓi capanɗe cakkitiiɗi ɗii, yaajtinii ganndal olfaktoraafi haa ɓurti ganndal ngal binnditagol elektoro-olfaktogaraafi tan waawi rokkude. Elektro-olfaktogaraafi ina ɓadii no feewi e elektorantenogaraafi, woni elektorogaraafi olfaasiyoŋ antenaaji ɓowɗi. Ganndo ko faati e ƴiiƴam biyeteeɗo David Ottoson (1918-2001) yiyti ko wiyetee elektoro-olfaktogram (EOG) , o ƴeewtindii sifaaji mum no feewi..

## Tuugnorgal
Endoluminal capsule monitoring

**Monitorgol kapsul endoluminal** ko feere ƴeewndo safaara nde alaa ko nafata, huutortoo ko jolngo rajo wireless miniaturized, gonngo e nder kapsul mo ndiyam waawataa ɓuuɓde. Ñawɗo oo ina ɓuuɓna kapsul oo, nde o rewata e ɓalndu nduu, o nelda heen seedanteeje to yaasi, ɗe nanngaa e rajo, ɗe njuɓɓina, ɗe kollita, ɗe moofta e nder ordinateer.

E fawaade e sifaa walla sifaa (s) sensorji biomedical mahraaɗi e nder kapsul, paaraaji fisik keewɗi ina mbaawi fotde e saaktude kapsul :

pH intraluminal e nder ƴiiƴam, reedu, ɓalndu tokoosru, e ɓalndu mawndu
wulol
ɓuuɓol nder lewru
waktu njillu
Kapsul motiliteer mo alaa kaɓirɗe (WMC) ina waawi fooɗtude waktuuji ɓuuɓɗi reedu ngam anndude gastroparesis walla sindrom dumping gastrique, ina waawi kadi fooɗtude waktuuji gonɗi e nder ɓalndu tokoosru e nder ɓalndu mawndu. WMC ina huutoroo pH ngam yiytude yahdu e nder sfinkter pilorik e nder valve ileocecal, kadi ina huutoroo sensor nguleeki ngam yiytude ittugol e ɓanndu.

Kapsuluuji jamaanu, biyeteeɗi pillitol wideyoo walla kapsuluuji endoskopi ina mbaawi kadi neldude natal endoskopi ummoraade e kamera wideyoo tokooso.

Siistem oo ina heewi huutoreede ngam wiɗtooji walla ngam ƴeewde waylooji juutɗi e nder mbaydiiji fijirde ɓalndu. Won heen ɗo kapsul oo heɓtotoo e nder ƴiiƴam, sterilisee, waawa huutoreede kadi. E nder geɗe goɗɗe, kapsul oo ina werlee e ƴiiƴam, ina wona kaɓirgal safaara ɓuuɓngal.

Tuugnorgal
Idoma ɗemngal

**Idoma** (Ìdɔ́mà) woni  ɗemngal ɗiɗaɓal kaaleteengal e nder diiwaan Benue to fuɗnaange-rewo-caka Nijeer, ko ina tolnoo e miliyoŋ neɗɗo (2020 limgol).  Ɗemngal Idoma ina waɗi ɗemɗe Agatu, Edumoga, Otukpo, Otukpa, Orokam, Akpa Agila, Utonkon, Igede, Etilo, Iyala . Yimɓe Idoma ɓuri heewde ko diwooɓe, remooɓe e liɗɗi. Ɓe keeri haa woyla Nasarawa, haa fombina maayo Cross, fuunaange Taraba e hirnaange lesdi Enugu e Kogi . 

## Inɗe daabaaji

## Tuugnorgal
Evocative/suppression testing

**Teskuyaaji evocative/suppression** ko kalaas jarribooji baɗaaɗi ɗo huunde wootere fotndetee ko adii e caggal nde huunde woɗnde ƴettaa ngam anndude so tawii toɓɓe ɗee ina cemmbina ("evocative") walla ina suppi.

Ɗe ɓuri waawde waɗeede ko e ƴeewndo ñawanɗe baawɗe wonde e nder ɓalndu.[citation needed]

Won e jarribooji ina mbaɗee e nder ƴeewndo sarɗiiji keewɗi, tawa wonaa geɗe limtaaɗe ɗee kala mbaawi fotde e kala jarribo.

Yeruuji ɗii ko :

Innde jarribo Huunde nde njuɓɓinaa Huunde fotnde Sarɗiiji ƴeewndaaɗi
hawri e insulin, GnRH, TRH ACTH e kortisol, FSH, HGH, LH, prolaktin, TSH hipopituitarism

Test stimulation TRH TRH TSH hipotiroyidism ɗiɗaɓo

Teskuyaaji cemmbingol ACTH Kortisol ACTH, ŋakkeende adrenal 17α-hidroksiprogesteron, ŋakkeende adrenal jibinannde (21-hidroksilaas, 3 beta)

panel metirapon metirapon kortisol, 11-deoksikortisol ŋakkere adrenal

jarribo ustude deksametason deksametason kortisol mboros Cushing

jarribo ustude kaptopril aldosteron aldosteron gadano

jarribo caɗeele kaptopril kaptopril renin ɓuuɓri ƴiiƴam reedu

## Tuugnorgal
Alebtong

**Alebtong** ko wuro wonngo e diiwaan worgo leydi Uganndaa. Ko ɗum woni nokku mawɗo kominaaji, njuɓɓudi laamu, e njulaagu e nder diiwaan Alebtong. 

Iiibwal oo inniraa ko wuro ngoo.

## Wakere
Alebtong woni ko e laawol mawngol hakkunde wuro Lira, e nder diiwaan Lira to bannge hirnaange, e wuro Omoro, to diiwaan Alebtong to fuɗnaange. Oo wuro ina waɗi ko ina tolnoo e 51 kiloomeeteer (32 mi), e laawol, fuɗnaange Lira, wuro ɓurngo mawnude e nder diiwaan Lango. Alebtong woni ko hedde 151 kiloomeeteer (94 mi) fuɗnaange-rewo Gulu, wuro ɓurngo mawnude e nder diiwaan Fuɗnaange Uganndaa.

Alebtong woni ko hedde 388 kiloomeeteer (241 mi) e laawol to fuɗnaange-rewo Kampala, laamorgo leydi Uganndaa e wuro mum ɓurngo mawnude. Koɗorɗe leydi Alebtong ko: 2°15'00.0" N, 33°18'54.0" Fuɗnaange (; Njuuteeki:33.3150).

## Ummatore
E hitaande 2013, ina hiisa wonde e nder radiis kilooji 7 (4 mi) ummoraade e caka wuro ngoo, keewal yimɓe ina tolnoo e 15 100 neɗɗo.

E hitaande 2015, Biro toppitiiɗo limlebbi leydi Uganda (UBOS) limtii yimɓe wuro ngo ko 6 900 neɗɗo. E hitaande 2020, UBOS limtii keewal yimɓe hakkunde hitaande e nder Diiso wuro Alebtong ko 7 900 hoɗɓe ; e nder heen 4 000 (50,6 e kala 100) ko rewve e 3 900 (49,4 e kala 100) ko worve. UBOS hiisiima wonde hakkunde 2015 e 2020, keewal yimɓe e nder diiwaan Alebtong ɓeydiima fotde 2,7 e nder teemedere hitaande kala.

## Yimɓe daartol
Hitaande Pop. ±%

15 100 —

2015 6 900 −54,3%

2020 7 900 +14,5%

## wawru:
Toɓɓe nafooje
Toɓɓe nafooje ɗee ina tawee e nder keeri wuro ngoo walla saraaji wuro ngoo: (a) birooji Diisnondiral wuro Alebtong (b) Gardiiɗo njuɓɓudi diiwaan Alebtong (c) Lugge hakkundeeje Alebtong, ɗo geɗe kese ñalnde kala njiylotoo (d) nokku cellal Alebtong IV, fedde cellal renndo nde Ministeer Limooganda njuɓɓinta Laawol, rewrude e Alebtong to bannge worgo-fuɗnaange haa fuɗnaange-rewo.

## Ƴeew kadi
Yimɓe Langi

Doggol gure e gure e nder leydi Uganndaa

Tuugnorgal
Exalenz Bioscience

**Exalenz Bioscience Ltd.** ko sosiyetee karallaagal nguurndam, ƴellitoowo e peewnoowo kaɓirɗe safaara ɗe ngalaa ko bonnata, ngam anndude ñawuuji ɓalndu e heeñere. Karallaagal sosiyetee oo ina huutoroo ɓuuɓri jokkondirndi e foofaango ñawɗo ngam anndude ñawu nguu. Exalenz woni ko e Modi’in, Israayiil, ina yeeyee e yeeso yimɓe fof e nder bourse Tel Aviv, ina wiyee EXEN. Joɗnde Amerik woni ko e wuro Jersey, to New Jersey.

Kaɓirɗe Exalenz ina kuutoroo ƴeewndo gaas fooftere e sahaa goonga ngam anndude tolno hakkunde isotopeeji gaas karbonik ceertuɗi - 13CO2 e 12CO2. Karallaagal yiytugol ngal wiyetee ko Spektroskopi Korrelaasiyoŋ Molekulaar (MCS). Annoore nanndunde e laser ina yaltina lewru infrared e nder mbaydi ɓuuɓndi ngam CO2 tan. Ngalɗoo ɓuuɓol ina fotndee. MCS ina ɓuuɓi no feewi, ina waawi golloraade cellal sample tokosal e ɓuuɓri foofaango ɓurndi famɗude e laabi foofaango goɗɗi ɗii. Ceertugol minitaaji e nder njuuteendi gaas ina hollita won e ñawuuji ɓalndu walla heege, ina jeyaa heen gastroparesis, ŋakkeende heege, heege ɓuuɓɗo e kanseer heege.

BreathID mo Exalenz, kaɓirgal jibinannde adannde, heɓi maande CE UE ñalnde 18 marse 2002, e Fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e nguura e leɗɗe (FDA) Amerik ñalnde 9 sulyee 2001. 2013.Sistem ƴeewndo fooftere BreathID Hp huutortee ko ngam waɗde ƴeewndo ngam anndude so tawii won Helicobacter pylori, bakteri baawɗo saabaade ɓuuɓri ɓalndu, jokkondirɗo e kanseer reedu. H.pylori ko bakteri keewɗo no feewi, ina wiyee ina tawee e tataɓe ɗiɗi yimɓe winndere ndee. Ƴiiƴam walla ƴiiƴam ina huutoree kadi ngam anndude H. pylori. Ina ɗaɓɓi balɗe ngam heɓde njeñtudi jarribo ngoo fof. Test BreathID Hp ina ƴetta hojomaaji 10 haa 15. Cafrooɓe ina keɓa njeñtudi e joofnirde jarribo ngoo.

## Tuugnorgal
External cause

**E nder safaara, sabaabu yaajɗo** ko sabaabu woodgol ngonka safaara baawka jokkondirde e huunde keertiinde nde walla e peeje kuuɓtodinɗe ɗe huunde yaajnde saabi ɗum. Hono ɗeen sabaabuuji ina limtee e "kodeeji E" e nder ICD 9.

Kodeeji sabaabu ñawu yaajngu (kodeeji E) ko kodde ICD-9-CM walla kodde ICD-10 kuutorteeɗe ngam siifde no maayde walla ñawu nguu yahrata, yantude e nokku ɗo kewu nguu waɗi ɗoo. Kodeeji E ina ndokkee e seedanteeje maayde tuugnaade e no maayde ndee wayi. Kode ICD-10 e nder V01–X59 ina kollita gaañiiɓe ɓe nganndaaka. Kodeeji gonɗi e nder X60–X84 ina kollita bonnude hoore mum e anniya. Koduuji nder Y85–Y09 ina kollita njiyaagu, koddeeji nder Y10–Y34 ina kollita kewuuji ɗi anniyaaji mum en laaɓtaani.

Kode E ina mooftaa no feewi e dokke seedantaagal maayde, kono ina famɗi e dokke yaltugol safrirde. Eɓɓooje keewɗe ɓeydii teemedere e nder teemedere (CDC, MMWR 28 mars 2008 / Vol. 57 / No. RR-1).

## Tuugnorgal
Facet cyst

**Kista faset** walla Kista faset sinovial caggal nde opereeji mbaɗi ko kista jokkondire sinovial intraspinal Lumbar e ganglion. Sabaabu ɓuuɓri facet anndaaka no feewi. The cause of facet cysts is not well known.

## Tuugnorgal
Fecal immunochemical test

**Test immunochemical fecal** (FIT) ko feere ƴeewndo ƴeewndotoonde ƴiiƴam ngam yiytude ƴiiƴam ɗam yiyataa, ina waawi hollude ngonkaaji ina heen kanseer ɓalndu. Maandeeji baawɗi saabaade kanseer ɓalndu, ina kollita FIT ina mbaɗi waylude ngonka ɓalndu, ŋakkere ƴiiƴam, ŋakkeende teddeendi nde laaɓtaani, e ɓuuɓri reedu. So en kuutoriima mbaadi renndinde laddeeji ranwiiji, sensitiviteeji ina mbaawi ɓeydeede.

Ƴiiƴam e nder ƴiiƴam firtaani tan wonde ina woodi kanseer ɓalndu walla kanseer reedu, ina waawi tawa ko e ñawuuji goɗɗi ɓalndu ko wayi no ulcerative colitis, ñawu Crohn walla hay hemorrhoids..

Laabi leydi Angalteer 2022 wonande ñawɓe wonduɓe e maale walla maale tuumaaɗo kanseer kolorektaal ina wasiyoo huutoraade tolno FIT mo hemoglobin fecal ≥10 μg Hb/g ngam suɓaade ñawɓe wonduɓe e maale ñawu nguu ngam neldude ɗum en e yaawre ngam wiɗtude kanseer kolorektaal.

## Tuugnorgal
Fetal scalp stimulation test

**Test stimulation du calpe fétal** ko test ƴeewndo kuutorteeɗo ngam anndude asidemi metabolik ɓiɗɗo. Ina waawi huutoreede no feewi ngam ƴeewde ƴiiƴam ɓiɗɗo gorko mo alaa ko nafata.

## Laahal
Ko ɓuuɓri dijital tiiɗndi e hoore walla ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri hoore ɓiɗɗo e ɓuuɓri atraumatique huutortee ngam ustude. Yaawnaade ɓuuɓri ɓernde ɓiɗɗo gorko fotde 15 bpm, ko famɗi fof leƴƴanɗe 15 ina hollita batte ɓiɗɗo gorko no haanirta nii.

## Ƴeew kadi
Teskuyaaji ƴiiƴam hoore ɓiɗɗo

## Tuugnorgal
Vacuum splint

**Splint vacuum** ko kaɓirgal nanndungal e matelas vacuum tokooso kuutorteeɗo e safaaraaji cafrirɗi ko wayi no splint wakkati. Splints vacuum ina kuutoroo e ittude henndu e nder splint oo e hoore mum ngam waawde mooftude ujunnaaje ujunnaaje balle polistireen nder splint oo ngam mooftude e saraaji ɓanndu gaañiiɗo oo no nanndi e ɓuuɓri ortopedi. Ko ɓuri heewde e safrooɓe kuutortoo ko ɓuuɓri vacuum ngam ɓuuɓri ñawbuuli jowitiiɗi e mborosaaji, ɓuuɓri jokkondire, ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri, e ɓuuɓri ɓalndu.

Nafooje ƴulɓe vacuum ina njeyaa heen mbaawka rokkude ballal tawa ina ustoo ɓuuɓri e nokku ɗo ɓuuɓri ndii woni ɗoo e mbaawka jogaade kala mbaadi. Terɗe ɗee ina mbaawi kadi waɗeede e rafi (X-ray) tawa ƴiiƴam ɗam ina woni e dow mum.

## Tuugnorgal
Tulle gras

**Tulle** (French, "tulle olyly") walla ɓoornanteeri tulle ko sifaa bandage keewɗo huutoreede e Farayse, hay so tawii noon helmere ndee ina huutoree kadi e ɗemngal Engele. Ina waɗi mbaydi ndi nebam parafin softeende (98 pecce), balsam Peru (feccere 1), e nebam ɗam (1 feccere), ko haɗata ɗum ɓuuɓde e gaañiiɓe, kono firti ko ina haani huutoreede e nder jokkondire e ɓuuɓri absorbant goɗɗo.

Ina huutoree ngam waɗde indine.

## Tuugnorgal
Unna's boot

**Boot Unna** (kañum ne ko boot Unna)  ko gaas keeriiɗo (ko heewi ko 4 inch njaajeendi e 10 yard njuuteendi), baawɗo huutoreede ngam safrude ɓuuɓri ƴiiƴam e ŋakkeende ƴiiƴam goɗɗo e koyngal. Ina waawi kadi huutoreede ngam wallitde ɓuuɓri e ɓuuɓri koyngal, ɓuuɓri e les koyngal. Gaas oo ina waɗi ɓuuɓri tiiɗndi, ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri, ɓuuɓri sink e kalamin ngam wallitde sellinde. Ina waawi kadi tawa ina waɗi akasiya, gliserin, nebam ɗam e petroŋ daneejo.[citation needed]

Boot Unna’en inniraa ko Paul Gerson Unna, ganndo ko faati e ɓalli Almaañnaajo.

Unna’s Boot e hoore mum ko mbaydi ɓuuɓndi, heewi waɗeede ko e ɓuuɓri, ina waɗi ɓuuɓri oksidaa sink. Paaspoor oksidaa zinc mo Unna’s Boot ina wallita e ustude ɓuuɓri ɓalndu, ina addana nokku oo ɓuuɓde. Zinc ina wallita sellinde e nder nokkuuji gaañiiɓe, ina addana ɗum nafoore e ɓuuɓri e ɓuuɓri. Paaspoor oksidaa sink ɓuri jelatin kuutorteeɗo e mbaydiiji goɗɗi, sibu o tiiɗataa, o ɓuuɓnataa. Won e Booti Unna ina njogii kadi loowdi kalamin e gliserin.

Wonande ɓuuɓri gonndi e ƴiiƴam, ɓuuɓri gonndi e paasta ndii ina suddii ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri, ko ɓuri heewde ko ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri (bande "ACE") walla ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri gonndi e hoore mum ko wayi no Coban ; ɗum noon ko bannge ɓuuɓɗo 2-layer. Safaara goɗɗo ko ɓuuɓri 4-layer, gradué (Pro-Fore ko yeru). Seedeeji kollitii wonde ɗiɗo fof ina poti waawde sellinde ɓuuɓri gonndi e ƴiiƴam — ko huunde nde leeltata e nder ngonkaaji ɓurɗi moƴƴude, ina heewi ƴettude lebbi 2–6.

## Tuugnorgal
Transcranial focused ultrasound

**Ultrasound focused transcranial** (tFUS) ko sifaa ultrasound focused (FUS) mo njiyloto-ɗen ngam safrude ñawuuji hakkille e neɗɗaagal tawa ina ustoo. Ina seerti e laabi goɗɗi cemmbinɗi ngaandi ɗi ngonaa ɓuuɓɗi ko wayi no magnetik (ƴeewndo magnetik transcranial walla TMS) e elektirik (ƴeewndo coktirgal direct-courant transcranial walla tDCS) sibu ina jogii ƴellitaare nokkuure ɓurnde toowde e laaɓal (milimeetiri) e nde waawi yettaade mbaydiiji ngaandi luggiɗɗi. E fawaade e parametruuji ɗii, tFUS ina waawi haɗde, ustude, haa arti noon e ustude ƴiiƴam ngaandi. Ko seeɗa tan e wiɗtooji safaara tFUS ngam ngonkaaji hakkille mbaɗaama gila 2024.

## Tuugnorgal
Trigeminal nerve stimulation

Ƴellitaare nerf trigeminal (TNS) walla ƴettugol nerf trigeminal yaajngol (eTNS) ko safaara mo alaa ko nafata, mo alaa ko safrata, ngam safrude ñawu nguu, ngu FDA jaɓi to Amerik ngam safrude ADHD e sukaaɓe yahrooɓe e duuɓi 7–12. Ina huutoree kadi tawa ko e mbaydi (off-label) ngam safrude ADHD e mawɓe.

Ƴellitaare nerwel trigeminal yaajnde (eTNS) ina nanndi e ƴettugol nerwel kuuɓtodinngol (TENS), ko ɗum safaara ɓuuɓɗo.[5] Kuutorgal tokosal ina rokka elektorooji baɗaaɗi e ɓalndu ɗii kuuraa. Appaare ndee ina waawi waylude tiiɗnaare e keewal doole guubiliiji jokkondirɗi e jookli nerwooji e nder ɓalndu.

Ina woodi wiɗtooji e wiɗtooji jowitiiɗi e kuutoragol stimulaasiyoŋ nerve trigeminal ngam safrude ñawanɗe goɗɗe gonɗe e hakkille, ko wayi no depression e PTSD.

Tuugnorgal
Thyroid blocker

Yodiid potaasiyom (KI) e yodiid potaasiyom (KIO3) ina mbiyee ɓuuɓnooje ƴiiƴam so kuutoraama e ndeenka radiis.

So neɗɗo ñaamii doosgal gootal e ɗeeɗoo geɗe kemikal, ƴiiƴam mum ina waawi ustaade e nder ƴiiƴam mum, haɗde ɗum mooftude ƴiiƴam ɗam tawaaɗam caggal nde ƴiiƴam ɗam yani walla ɗam yani.

## Tuugnorgal
Much–Holzmann reaction

**Reaction Much–Holzmann** ko jarribo adanngo e ƴeewndo serologique ngam anndude dementia praecox, ngonka hakkille gila e fuɗɗoode teeminannde noogasɓiire, gila ndeen lomtinaama e helmere skizofreni.  Fuɗɗotooɓe ndeeɗoo jarribo, hono Much e Holzmann mo Eppendorf, mbiyata ko seraaji ummoriiɗi e ñawɓe dementia praecox ina ndeena ƴiiƴam mboɗejam e hemolisis mo tooke kobra saabi[
Impedance–pH monitoring

**ƴeewndo mpedance–pH** ko feere huutorteende ngam anndude ñawu nguu (GERD), tawa ina ƴeewtoo impedance e pH fof.

Ñawɓe wonduɓe e maale jokkondirɗe tawa ina ngondi e safaara ɓuuɓɗo (PPI) ina keewi ƴeewteede e ƴeewndo impedance–pH tawa ina njokki e safaara mum en.  Test diagnostic monitoring impedance–pH ina hollita keewal ɓuuɓri e jokkondire waktuuji ɓuuɓri e maale mum.  Test ƴeewndo impedance–pH ina hollita so tawii maale ñawɗo oo ina njokkondiri e ɓuuɓri asid, ina njokkondiri e ɓuuɓri ndi alaa asid, walla ina njokkondiri e ɓuuɓri kala sifaa.  Ñawbuuli GERD moƴƴi ina mbaɗee so tawii reflux asid walla nonasid ina adii maale ɗee e mbaadi limtilimtinndi.  Ñawɓe wonduɓe e jarribo ƴeewndo pH moƴƴo ina mbaawi naftoraade safaara ustude asid ko wayi no seppooji ɓuuɓɗi walla karallaagal ɓuuɓgol endoskopi.[citation needed]

## Ƴeew kadi
Yiylaade pH esofage

## Tuugnorgal
Hyperlactation syndrome

**Sindoron hiperlaktaasiyoŋ** ko ngonka ɗo kosam ɗam heewi heewde sabu ɓeydagol kosam ɗam. Kosam ɗam ina waawi yaltude e yaawre e doole, ɗum noon ina saɗtina ɓiɗɗo oo ñamminde no moƴƴi.

Maale ñawu nguu wonande yumma oo ko ɓuuɓri ndi meeɗaani softude e welde, hay so tawii ko caggal nde o ñamli, mastitis, ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri e ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri.  Elisabeth Anderson Sierra foolii limre winndereere ɓurnde mawnude e dokkal kosam ɗam neɗɗo rokki, limtaa ko 1 599,68 L (422,59 gal Amerik)..

### Maale
Yumma ina maande

Kosam yumma ina waawi heewde e ɓuuɓde sahaa kala.  Ina waawi tawa ina woodi mette e nder reedu nde ñamlata kam e ɓuuɓri kosam hakkunde jonte..

### Maandeeji ɓiɗɗo
Ko ɓuri heewde e sukaaɓe ina keewi jaabaade e ɓuuɓri ɓurndi mawnude nde tawnoo ina waawi tawa ina ɗaɓɓi ko heewi e mum en, tee ina keewi jiiɓrude so ina ñammina..

### Sabaabuuji
Won e yummiraaɓe ina mbaɗa kosam ɓurɗam heewde, woɗɓe ina mbaɗa kosam seeɗa, ko ɓuri heewde e maɓɓe ko haala sinkronisaasiyoŋ e haajuuji ɓiɗɗo mum en.  Kono sahaa e sahaa fof yumma oo ina jokki e 6eydude kosam hay so tawii kosam ɗam 6eydaama.

## Tuugnorgal
Müller's maneuver

**Maneuvre Müller** ko feere huutorteende e nder safaara ngam anndude won e mbaydiiji tinnitus, ,e caɗeele safaara goɗɗe.

## Laahal
Caggal nde neɗɗo yalti e doole, etaade foofde ina waɗee tawa ko e hunduko e nofru udditii, ɗo ɓuuɓri bonndi e nder reedu e ɓuuɓri waɗata subatmospheric no feewi ;  ko rewrude e manndaa Valsalva.

Ndee feere noon ko ngam yiylaade taƴe gonɗe e ƴiiƴam ko wayi no ƴiiƴam e ƴiiƴam toowɗam.  E nder ngool manoore, ñawɗo oo ina etoo foofde tawa hunduko mum ina udditii, ina ɓuuɓna nofru mum, ɗum noon ina addana ƴiiƴam ɗam ɓuuɓde.  Naatgol e nder hipofarinks (hipofarinks) ƴulɓe fiɓnde (fibre optique) ɓuuɓnde ngam heɓde yiyngo, ƴeewtotooɗo oo ina waawi seedtaade ɓuuɓri ndii, annda taƴe gonɗe e laawol henndu ngol leelɗe.  Manoore Müller ina huutoree ngam wallitde anndude sabaabu ɓuuɓri ɗanngal.  Njiylawu moƴƴo firti ko nokku ɗo ɓuuɓri ƴiiƴam toowndi woni ɗoo ina waawi wonde les tolno ƴiiƴam softuɗam, tee ina gasa tawa ñawɗo oo naftortaako uvulopalatopharyngoplasty tan.  Ndeeɗoo manndaa ina wallita no feewi e waɗde MRI ngam apnee ɗanngal, nde sedaasiyoŋ to ñawɗo ina waawi reeneede.

Won ko holliti wonde nokkuuji gonɗi e ɓuuɓri e manndaa Müller ɗii, kollitaani no feewi nokkuuji gonɗi e ɓuuɓri e nder ɗanngal no woorunoo.  Geɗe goɗɗe ko wayi no ngonka ɓanndu nduu e waɗde manndaa ina mbaawi battinde ɗum no feewi.

Manoore Müller ina waawi kadi huutoreede ngam joofnude takikardiya supraventrikulaar e nder nokku toppitiiɗo safaara gonɗo e ɓuuɓri.

## Tuugnorgal
Integrated cognitive assessment

**ƴeewndo ganndal kuuɓtodinngo** anndiraango CognICA ko jarribo ganndal huutortoo ko kuutorgal jogorngal yettineede e iPad. CognICA ko Cognetivity Neurosciences feewni ɗum, e hitaande 2021 rokkaama yamiroore FDA ngam huutoraade ɗum e njulaagu ngam waɗde ɗum kaɓirgal safaara.  CognICA ko adii ɗuum jaɓaama huutoreede e nder leydi Angalteer.

CognICA ina teskini no feewi e daawal gadanal ñawu nguu.

￼

Ndee winndannde ƴeewndo safaara ko ɓuuɓri.  Aɗa waawi wallude Wikipedia so a yaajnii ɗum.

## Tuugnorgal
Frailty index

**Indeks fragilité** (FI) ina waawi huutoreede ngam fooɗtude ngonka cellal yimɓe mawɓe ; ina waɗi peeje kuuɓtodinɗe duuɓi e ŋakkeende batte bonɗe.

FI ko Doktoor Kenneth Rockwood e Doktoor Arnold Mitnitski peewni ɗum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Dalhousie to Kanadaa.

FI ina siforee no keewal ŋakkeende tawaande e neɗɗo e nder keewal mbayliigu cellal jowitiingu e duuɓi ƴeewndaaɗi. Indeks ŋakkere ina waawi soseede e ko ɓuri heewde e lowre doosɗe ɗiɗmere jowitiinde e cellal tawa ina huutoroo ŋakkeende cellal moofteteeɗe e ƴeewndorɗe cellal. Ɗeeɗoo ŋakkeende ina mbaɗi ñawuuji, maale, ŋakkeende laboratuwaar, ŋakkeende hakkille, e ŋakkeende golle nguurndam ñalnde kala.

Indeks ŋakkeende cellal (FI) = (limre ŋakkeende cellal tawaande) ÷ (limre ŋakkeende cellal fotnde)

Yeru, neɗɗo jogiiɗo 20 e nder 40 ŋakkeende mooftaande ina jogii FI 20/40 = 0,5 ; so tawii noon wonande neɗɗo jogiiɗo ŋakkeende 10, limre FI ko 10/40 = 0,25. FI ina naftoroo redundansi toowɗo e nder ɓanndu aadee. Ko ɗum waɗi ɗum rewtineede e nder defte ceertuɗe hay so tawii geɗe ceertuɗe e limooje geɗe ceertuɗe kuutortee. Laawol kuuɓtodinngol ngam sosde indeks frailty ina tawee e bayyinaango udditiingo.

Ina waɗi limtooji ŋakkeende keewɗi, ina heen limtooji ŋakkeende cellal (FI-CD) e limtooji ŋakkeende tuugiiɗi e biomarker (FI-B).

## Ƴeew kadi
Nafoore

Capaato gollal fisik

## Tuugnorgal
Fibrinogen uptake test

**Test ƴettugol fibrinogen** ko test kuutortenooɗo ko adii ngam anndude trombose ƴiiƴam luggiɗɗam. Fibrinogen marqué radio-actif ina rokketee ina naata e nder trombose. Ndeen trombose ina waawi yiyteede e sintigrafi.

Skanning fibrinogen marqué iodine 125 ko feere teskinnde no feewi ngam yiytude trombose ƴiiƴam koyɗe subklinik. Skanning fibrinogen ina famɗi nafoore ngam ƴeewde trombose ƴiiƴam tabitɗo, kono ina waɗi nafoore ngam yiytude ɓeydagol trombose ƴiiƴam calɗi ƴeewndaaɗi e ƴiiƴam. Feere ndee ina selli so tawii fibrinogen heɓaama e dokkuɓe ɓe ƴeewndaaka no feewi. Ko ŋakki e feere ndee ko waasde seerndude mborosaaji gonɗi e nder ɓalndu e mborosaaji luggiɗɗi, kam e ustude fibrin e nder hematoma e eksudaaji ɓuuɓɗi. Hay so tawii njeñtudi ndii ina yahdi e njeñtudi flebogaraafi, ƴeewndo ina wayi no ɓuri famɗude koolkisagol ngam yiytude ƴiiƴam ɓalndu, so wonaa trombose ƴiiƴam calf, tee ina famɗi no feewi e trombose dow ligament inguinal. Ƴeewndogol ɗeen trombose mawɗe ina waawi moƴƴude so hawrii e ƴeewndo fibrinogen e ƴeewndo pletismografi impedans walla ƴeewndo ultrasonik.[citation needed]

## Tuugnorgal.
Frei test

**Fooyre Frei ndee,** ko Wilhelm Siegmund Frei, ganndo ko faati e ɓalli Almaañnaajo, feewni ɗum e hitaande 1925 ngam anndude limfogranuloma gonɗo e nder reedu. Antigen peewnaaɗo e ɓuuɓri steril aspired e ɓuuɓri ndi ɓuuɓnaaka tawo, ina addana ñawɓe limfogranuloma venereum reentaade so ina waɗa e nder ɓalndu. Fuɗɗoode antigen goɗɗo ina ƴeewtee, ko ɓuri heewde e mum en ummorii ko e ƴiye ceertuɗe e ɓowɗi gonɗi e Chlamydia. Test oo nattii huutoreede kono ina darii e faamde men immunologie. LGV inaactivated heat 0.1ml mawnuɗo e nder saak yolnde eggudu ɓiɗɗo ina waɗee e nder ɓalndu e dow junngo yeeso, e huunde toppitiinde peewniraande e saak yolnde mo alaa ko bonnata e junngo ngoɗngo ngoo woni ƴeewndo. Caggal waktuuji 48–72, ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓndi ɓurndi 6mm ina feeña e nokku jarriborɗo oo.

## Tuugnorgal
Dunphy's sign

**Maande Dunphy** ko maande safaara maantiniinde e ɓeydagol ɓuuɓri reedu e ɓuuɓri. Ina waawi wonde ko maande apendisit. Inniri ɗum ko Osborne Joby Dunphy (1898–1989), cafroowo Angalteer-Ameriknaajo.

## Tuugnorgal.
Fluid wave test

**E nder safaara,** ƴeewndo ɓuuɓol ndiyam walla ƴeewndo ɓuuɓol ndiyam ko ƴeewndo ascites (ndiyam ɗam alaa ko woni e mum e nder ɓalndu). Ina waɗee e waɗde ñawɗo oo (walla gollodiiɗo mum) ina ɓuuɓna juuɗe mum les e dow ŋoral hakkunde reedu. Ndeen ƴeewtotooɗo oo tappii bannge gooto, ina nana bannge goɗɗo oo ngam tappirde ndee. Tolno e dow doggol hakkundewol ngol ina haɗa diƴƴe rewrude e ɓalndu nduu tawa ndiyam ɗam ina addana tappirde ndee nanngeede bannge goɗɗo oo. Njiylawu oo ina hiisee wonde moƴƴo so tappirde ina waawi nanngeede bannge goɗɗo oo. Kono hay so tawii ko ɓuuɓri hakkundeeri, ko maa jolngo rewrude e ɓalndu woppee. Test ɓuuɓɗo ndiyam moƴƴam ina hollita wonde ina woodi ndiyam ɓuuɓɗam (ascite) e nder reedu. So bannge reedu nduu ɓuuɓnaama, bannge goɗɗo oo kadi ina waawi muusde sabu ɓuuɓgol ndiyam ɗam e nder maggal.

## Ƴeew kadi
Ƴeewndo reedu

Flankeeji ɓuuɓɗi

Maande puɗal

Dulleede waylude

## Tuugnorgal
French–American–British classification

**Siistem renndinde Farayse-Amerik-British** (FAB) ina holla senngooji ñawuuji ƴiiƴam. Ina tuugii e woodgol dismiyelopoyesis e limtude mieloblasteeji e eritroblasteeji.

Nde fuɗɗii feewneede ko e hitaande 1976.

Nokkuuji ɗii ina mbaɗi:

Senngo FAB e mborosaaji limfoblastik ɓuuɓɗi : L1–L3 (faandaare tati)
Senngo FAB e mborosaaji gonɗi e ƴiiƴam : M0–M7 (ceertuɗi jeetati)
FAB renndinde mborosaaji mielodisplastik

Kesɗitingol ngol jokki haa ko famɗi fof hitaande 1989.

## Tuugnorgal
Fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test

**Teskuyaaji ɓuuɓɗi** (FTA-ABS) ko teskuyaaji ngam anndude so tawii ko sifilis. Huutoraade antibiotik keeriiɗo wonande sifaaji Treponema pallidum, hono ɗeen ƴeewndorɗe ina cikka ko ɓuri laaɓtude e ƴeewndorɗe ɗe ngonaa treponemal ko wayi no VDRL kono kolliraama laabi keewɗi wonde ina mbaawi wonde sensible kono wonaa keertiiɗe ngam ƴeewde neurosifilis e nder ƴiiƴam ɓalndu (CSF). Yanti heen, FTA-ABS ina wayla moƴƴo ko adii, ina heddoo moƴƴo ko ɓuri VDRL juutde. Treponemuuji goɗɗi, ko wayi no T. pertenue, ina mbaawi kadi waɗde FTA-ABS moƴƴo. Suffix ABS ina firta teeŋti noon e ɗaɗol peewnugol kuutorteengol ngam ittude antibiotikuuji antispirochetal ɗi ngonaa keertiiɗi tawaaɗi e serum no woorunoo.

E nder haala hee, jarribo ngoo ina jogii darnde ɗiɗi :

Ko jarribo tabitinoowo njeñtudi moƴƴiri ummoraade e jarribo ƴeewndo serum (RPR yeru).
Nde tawnoo jarribo ngoo ina jogii nafoore teskaande toownde ina waɗi nafoore mawnde e nder serum walla CSF ngam ittude/safrude neurosifilis so tawii njeñtudi jarribo FTA ngoo ko bonngo. " FTA bonɗo e nder ƴiiƴam ina haɗa neurosifilis".
Laahal
Antigen ngam ƴeewndo FTA-ABS ko bakteriiji guurɗe. Bakteriiji ɗii mbaawataa reeneede e nder laylayti renndo, ko ɗum waɗi tagooje kuutorteeɗe ɗee ko suspension lyophilisée T. pallidum ƴettaaɗo e ƴiye testikulaaji mbabba. Ɗuum ina yaaji, ina fijiree e slide. Serum ñawɗo oo ina jillondira e ɓuuɓri (feccere "ABS" e jarribo ngoo) ina waɗi ƴiiƴam gonɗam e ƴiiƴam ɗam alaa ko bonnata, hono biyotip Rieter mo Treponema phagedenis. Faandaare absorbant oo ko ittude antibiotikuuji gonɗi e treponemal ɗi ngonaa keertiiɗi e bakteriiji sifilis. Ndeen serum ñawɗo mo adsorbeede ko adii oo ɓeydee e slide oo ; so tawii ñawɗo oo ina wondi e sifilis, ƴiiƴam mum en ina jokkondiri e bakteriiji ɗii. Antibiotik gonɗo e treponeme mo FITC (fluorofoor) e TRITC (fluorofoor goɗɗo) gonɗo e neɗɗo ina ɓeydee heen ko wayi no antibiotik ɗiɗaɓo. Nokku spirochete oo ina anndee e kuutoragol mbaydi FITC, mbaydi TRITC ina anndi so tawii ñawɗo oo ina jogii anti-T. pallidum (jokkondiral e spiroket gooto).[citation ina haani]

Nafuda
Ooɗoo ƴeewndo nafataa ko e rewde safaara, sibu o ustataako e safaara moƴƴo, kadi maa o jokku wonde moƴƴo duuɓi keewɗi caggal nde o feeñi e ñawu nguu. FTA ina fotnoo 100% e CSF, ɗum firti ko FTA CSF bonɗo ina yaltina neurosifilis.

## Tuugnorgal
Functio laesa

**Functio laesa, anndiraa tan** ko dysfunction ko helmere huutorteende e nder safaara ngam wiyde ŋakkeende golle walla ŋakkeende golle.

Ko Galen anndini ɗum maande joyaɓere ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓndi, o ɓeydi heen maandeeji nay ɗi Celsus anndini ɗii (tumor, rubor, calor, e dolor).

Sifaa Galen ina luulndii, tee ina heewi sifaade ɗum e Thomas Sydenham e Rudolf Virchow.

## Tuugnorgal
Gamna–Favre bodies

**Ɓalli Gamna–Favre** ko ɓalli mawɗi, gonɗi e nder sitoplasmaaji, njiylotooɗi e nder geese endoteliyal e ñawɓe limfogranuloma venereum.

Ɓe inniraa ko Karlos Gamna e Moris Favre.].

## Tuugnorgal
Gandy–Gamna nodules

**Nodule Gandy–Gamna walla** ɓalli Gandy-Gamna, sahaa e sahaa fof ina wiyee ɓalli Gamna-Gandy walla nodule Gamna-Gandy, ko ɓuuɓri tokosiri, daneeji, walla daneeji, tawaaɗi e nder ɓalndu e ñawɓe wonduɓe e ɓalndu mawndu sabu ñawu portal cell sick. Eɗe mbaɗi ƴiye fiɓnde jogiiɗe ɓuuɓri hemosiderin e kalsiyum, ina gasa tawa ɗe peeñata ko sabu ɓuuɓri e nokkuuji ɗo ƴiiƴam tokosam perivaskulaar. Ɗe njiyata ko e ƴeewndo MRI sabu woodgol hemosiderin.

Ina mbaawi kadi yiyeede e miksomaaji atrial.

Ɓe inniraa ko Sarles Gandi e Karlos Gamna.

## Tuugnorgal.
Gastric atresia

**Atresia gastrique** ko ñawu jibinaangu, tawi ina usta ɓuuɓri timmundi e nder reedu.

## Uja
Atresia reedu ko ñawu jibinannde. Ina waawi wonde renndo, ronkaama e mbaadi mbayliigu otosomal, tawa ina jokkondiri e ngonkaaji ko wayi no sindrom Down e epidermolisis bullosa (safaara). Hedde 60% e ñawɓe ɓee, yaltirde reedu ina suddii ɓuuɓri. Hedde 35% e ñawɓe ɓee, ƴiye tiiɗɗe ina kaɗa yaltude. E nder heddiiɓe ɓee (ko famɗi fof 10%), ina waɗi seerndi reedu e ɓalndu tokoosru timmundu.

## Ñawu nguu
Polihidramnios ina heewi yiyeede e nder reedu, tee ina heewi ƴeewteede ko adii jibineede. Cukalel gonngel e atresia reedu maa hollir ɓuuɓri doole e ñamri adanndi. Imaging ina ɗaɓɓiree ngam ƴeewndaade. In about 60% of cases, the outlet of the stomach is covered by a membrane. In around 35% of cases, solid tissue blocks the outlet. In the remaining cases (less than 10%), there is a complete separation of the stomach and the small intestine.

## Hurgol
Safaara oo ko seppo, ina waɗi ittude walla woppude ɓuuɓri ndii.

## Epidemiyoloji
Ina yiyee e ko ina tolnoo e 1 e nder 100 000 jibinannde wuurnde.

## Tuugnorgal
Gated SPECT

**Gated SPECT** ko karallaagal ƴeewndo safaara nukliyeer, ko ɓuri heewde ko wonande ɓernde e ƴeewndo perfusion miokardi. Elektrokardiyogram (ECG) ina ardoo keɓgol natal ngal, tawa kadi ko ngalɗoo natal (SPECT) ngal ƴettata ngal, ina hollita ɓernde no nde ɓuuɓtortoo e nder hakkundeere ummoraade e ɓuuɓol R gootol haa e ɓuuɓol goɗɗol ngol. Hoto ƴeewndo perfusion miokardi gated hollitaama ina jogii nafoore mawnde e sensitivite wonande stenosis tiiɗɗo.

Ordinateer keɓoowo oo ina siftina limoore binnditagol waktuuji walla kaɓirɗe ngam feccude hakkunde R e R e nder elektorokardiyogram ñawɗo oo. "Window" ina waawi waɗeede ngam werlaade doosɗe ummoraade e R haa R hakkundeeje ɗe njiidaa e won e limoore ummoraade e dumunna ɓuuɓɗo R haa R ñawɗo oo. Ɗuum ina woppira ɓuuɓri preventricular e aritmiiji e keɓgol ngol, ina ɓeyda kadi moƴƴere wiɗto baɗngo ngoo.: 263

Kameraa gamma oo maa ƴettu nataluuji keewɗi e sara ñawɗo oo, fecca kala ‘taƴre’ dille hoore kamera oo e limoore ‘kaɓirɗe’ toɗɗaaɗe ɗee. Detaayuuji ɗii keɓgol ina ceerti e kameraaji hoore wootere, ɗiɗi, walla tati — kono kamera gooto ina heewi heɓde 32 ‘taƴre’ dow arc 180 degere e sara ñawɗo oo.

So keɓgol ngol gasii, karallo oo ina foti huutoraade natal ngal ngam sosde lowre doosɗe tawa ina hollira njuuteendi tracer no kamera yiyri ɗum e keɓgol wiɗto ngoo. E nder SPECT gated, ngool laawol ina waɗa e kala binnditagol waktuuji cifaaɗi e porotokol keɓgol. So cafroowo ƴeewii ngam firo, ɓernde ina waawi yiyeede no nde ɓuuɓtortoo, nde yaajirta gila e diyastole haa e sistole.

Ordinateer ina waawi hiisaade feccere yaltinnde ñawɗo oo, njuuteendi diyastolik mum, dille wall, njuuteendi sistolik mum, teddeendi miokardi, njuuteendi mum, e njuuteendi mum. Kono neɗɗo ina yiyloo hakkundeere denndaangal becce ɓernde mooftaaɗe e dow keɓgol natal ngal. Noddaango e ECG, dille ñawɗo, artefakteeji, walla waylo-waylo weeyo e nder keɓgol ina waawi bonnude sifaa doosɗe natal gated keɓtinaaɗe ɗee. : 268

## Tuugnorgal
Gensini score

**Njoɓdi Gensini** ko feere huutorteende no feewi ngam limtude ateroskleroosis anjiyogaraafi, ɗo tolno zero hollirta ŋakkeende ñawu  Gensini ina hollita tolno ɓuuɓri ƴiiƴam kam e nokkuuji ɓuuɓri.

## Tuugnorgal
Tegaderm

**Tegaderm** ko mbaydi safaara laaɓtundi ndi 3M feewni. Tegaderm ina waawi huutoreede ngam suɗaade e reende gaañanɗe e nokkuuji kateter.

Nafooje Tegaderm ina njeyaa heen fooftere mum e mbaydi mum e ɓalndu haa nde jogori jogaade nokkuuji ko wayi no koppi e koyɗe.

Tegaderm ina waawi kadi huutoreede e "ɓurtugol" koppi. Buddy-strapping ko feere ɓuuɓnugol koppi baawnde reende dille tiiɗɗe e nder ngonkaaji ko wayi no ɓuuɓri falangeeji dartiiɗi, ɓuuɓri metakarpal dartiiɗi ɗi mbaylaaka e gaañanɗe jokkondire hakkunde falangeeji ligamentous. Tegaderm ko huunde weeɓnde wonande ñawɓe ngam waɗde hoore mum. Dimngal timmungal ina waawi waɗeede e ballal timmungal rokketeengal e nder heen fof.

Tegaderm kadi ko feere ɓurnde lollude ngam reende tattoo keso keɓaaɗo.

Innde Tegaderm ndee ummii ko e ɗemngal Latin "tega" firti ko 'cuuɗi' e ɗaɗol Gerek "derm" firti ko 'laral'.

## Ƴeew kadi

* Ɓoornugol hidrokoloid

## Tuugnorgal
Tarsorrhaphy

Tarsorrhaphy ko feere seppo nde gite ɗee njuɓɓintee ngam ustude uddital gite ɗee. Ina waawi waɗeede ngam reende ƴiiƴam so tawii ƴiiƴam ina ɓuuɓna, ko wayi no safaara proptosis (ɓuuɓri gite), yeru, ophtalmopathie Graves, sindrom Möbius e ngonkaaji goɗɗi baɗooji ɓuuɓri gite. Ina waɗee kadi ngam newnude walla wallitde sellinde ƴiiƴam e nder mborosaaji e mborosaaji.Laabi ɗii mbaɗata ko e ŋoral uddital gite. Tarsorrhaphy ina waawi wonde ko juuti walla ko duumii.

Feere ɓurnde waawde huutoreede ngam tarsorrafi ko suturaade feccere e gite ɗee, kono e won e sahaaji, feere ndee ina waawi waɗeede e feccere e gite ɗee e huutoraade koolaaɗo siyanoakrilat,[4] ina waawi waɗeede e ɓuuɓri tooke botulinum ngam ustude ɓuuɓri toowndi levator a we to of, walla gite. Feere sakkitiinde ndee ina addana en batte ɓurɗe yaawde, tee ina moƴƴina nguurndam ɗoon e ɗoon, ina addana ɗum en ɓurde moƴƴude e ñawɓe kanseer.

Caɗeele caggal nde opereeji ɗii mbaɗi ina njeyaa heen : waasde reende ɓalndu walla ɓalndu, ɓuuɓri ƴiiƴam, trichiasis, granuloma pyogenic, ɓuuɓri ɓalndu, ƴiiƴam, e ɓuuɓri ƴiiƴam. E nder haalaaji 6urcfi juutde e 6amtaare e seppooji e nyawve wonduve e rafi tiroyid, ina woodi vursugol vursugol vursugol vursugol, e batte mum, opacité korneal duumotoozo ina ustoo gite nyawve Ko vuri heewde e seppooji zi ndartinaaka ina kollita e nyawve wonduve e seppooji gite e ko yawti, keewal ñawɗo mo system dich ina toowa kadi jabet e ñawuuji jokkondirɗi.

Ƴeew kadi
Opereeji gite
Sicca keratokonjunktiwitis
Tuugnorgal
Tapotement

Tapotement ko karallaagal keeringal kuutorteengal e masiŋaaji Suwed. Helmere Farayse, nde firti ko fijirde rimre, ɓurnde heewde waɗeede e ŋoral junngo, junngo cuppi, walla ŋoral koppi.

## Fannuuji
Tapotement ina waɗi sifaaji joy, ina heen fiyde (juumre udditiinde ina fiyra nokku seeɗa), fiyde (kuutoragol koppi ngam fiyde no feewi), hacking (kuutoragol ŋoral junngo e bannge pinki-koppi), tappude (kuutoragol ŋoral koppi tan), e cupping (kuutoragol junngo cupped ngam tappude nokku no feewi). Ko adii fof ina huutoree ngam "umminde" nerwooji ɗii, kadi ko ɗum stroke cemmbinoowo baawɗo yaltinde limfatik e nder ɓalndu.

Innde stroke ndee ko Farayse firti ko ‘tappude’, tapoter ‘tappude walla tammborde’.

## Ƴeew kadi

* Masaas Suwednaajo

* Effleurage
* Petrisaas
* Gua sha

## Tuugnorgal
Subcutaneous implant

E nder safaara, ɓuuɓri gonndi e les ɓalndu ko ɓuuɓri gonndi e les ɓalndu e nder ɓalndu, tawa ko e seppo walla e injection, tawa ina huutoree ngam waɗde lekki e nder dumunna juutɗo. Yeruuji leɗɗe baawɗe huutoreede e ngalɗoo laawol ina njeyaa heen lewlewndu e steroyid jibinirgol estradiol e testosteron.[citation needed]

## Tuugnorgal
Jenner's stain

**Taƴre Jenner** (eosinate bleu de méthylène) ina huutoree e mikroskoop ngam taƴde ƴiiƴam.  Taƴre ndee ko bulo ɓaleejo, ina addana ɗum ɓuuɓde no feewi, laaɓtunde, nde yiyataa no feewi..

## Tuugnorgal
Glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme BB

**Isoenzim fosforilaas glikogen BB** (ko famɗi fof: GPBB) ko isoenzim fosforilaas glikogen. Ngolɗoo isoforme enzim ina woodi e ƴiye ɓernde (ɓernde) e ngaandi.

Enzim oo ina jeyaa e « maandeeji ɓernde kesi » ɗi kaal-ɗen ngam moƴƴinde ƴeewndo ko yaawi e nder ñawu koronaawiris ɓuuɓngu. Ɓeydagol ƴiiƴam jaawngol ina yiyee e ɓuuɓri miokardi e angina mo dartaaki.

Enzimeji goɗɗi jowitiiɗi e fosforilaas glikogen ina njuɓɓinee GPLL (heeñere) e GPMM (ɓuuɓri).

## Tuugnorgal
Greene Menopause Index

MenopaGreanndiraango kadi « Scale Climactérique Greene » ko naamnal kuutorgal kuutorteengal wiɗtooɓe ngam janngude maale ñawu nguu. Ko doggol naamne 21, pecciraaɗe e cate tati (hakkille, ɓanndu, e vasomotor), ɗe rewɓe kuutortoo ngam ƴeewde no ɓe ngoniri e maale ñawu nguu, ko wayi no ɓuuɓri, ɓuuɓri jamma, ɓuuɓri ɓernde jaawndi, e caɗeele ɗaanaade.

## Tuugnorgal
Amolatar

**Amolatar** ko wuro wonngo e Fuɗnaange Uganndaa. Ko ɗum nokku mawɗo kominaaji, njuɓɓudi e njulaagu e nder diiwaan Amolatar. Diiwaan oo inniraa ko wuro ngoo.

## Wakere
Amolatar woni ko e diiwal Kioga, ko ina tolnoo e 115 kiloomeeteer (71 mi), e laawol, to fuɗnaange wuro Lira, wuro ɓurngo mawnude e nder diiwaan hee. Ooɗoo nokku ina woni 391 kilometser (243 mi), e laawol, to fuɗnaange Kampala, laamorgo leydi Uganndaa, wuro ɓurngo mawnude e ndeen leydi. Koɗki wuro ngoo ko:01 38 06N, 32 49 30E (Njaajeendi:1,6350; Njueuulki:32,8250).

## Ummatore
Limngal lesdi 2002 limti ɗuuɗal yimɓe wuro man bana 11,420. E hitaande 2010, Biro toppitiiɗo limlebbi leydi Uganndaa (UBOS), limtii yimɓe wuro ngo ko 14 300 neɗɗo. E hitaande 2011, UBOS limtii keewal yimɓe Amolatar e nder cakkital hitaande ko 14 800 neɗɗo.

E hitaande 2015, UBOS limtii yimɓe wuro ngo ko 11 400 neɗɗo. E hitaande 2020, fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e yimɓe limtii wonde yimɓe wuro Amolatar ina tolnoo e 12 900 neɗɗo ; heen 6 400 (49,6 e kala 100) ko rewve e 6 500 (50,4 e kala 100) ko worve. UBOS hiisiima wonde keewal yimɓe wuro ngo, ɓeydiima fotde 2,6 e nder teemedere hitaande kala, hakkunde 2015 e 2020.

## Yimɓe daartol
Hitaande Pop. ±%

2002 11 420 —

2010 14 300 +25,2%

2011 14 800 +3,5%

2015 11 400 -23,0%

2020 12 900 +13,2%

wawru:

Toɓɓe nafooje

Toɓɓe nafooje ɗee ina tawee e nder keeri wuro ngoo walla saraaji wuro ngoo: (a) gardiiɗo njuɓɓudi diiwaan Amolatar (b) birooji Diisnondiral wuro Amolatar (c) Monument Amolatar mo maande nokku geɗe leydi Uganndaa e (d) Ministeer Cellal Uganndaa IV.

Ƴeew kadi

Diiwaan leslese Lango

Langi

Doggol gure e gure e nder leydi Uganndaa

Tuugnorgal


## Jokkondire yaajɗe
https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/floods-displace-400-set-to-submerge-district-offices--3470150
Growth landmarks

**Maandeeji mawnugol** ko paaraaji pooɗondiral e nder cukalel, sukaaɓe e mawɓe ina mballita e ƴeewde ɗo ɓe ngoni e jokkondire mawnugol e ƴellitaare no haanirta nii.

Maandeeji mawnugol kadi kuutoraama ngam anndude mawnugol ngol aldaa e sago kadi.

## Jokkondire yaajɗe
Ham test

**Test Ham** ko test ƴiiƴam kuutorteeɗo ngam anndude hemoglobinuria jamma paroksismal (PNH). Ƴiiƴam mboɗejam ñawɗo (RBC) ina waɗee e nder asid ɓuuɓɗo ; njeñtudi moƴƴiri (ɓeydagol ɓuuɓri RBC) ina hollita PNH walla ŋakkere ƴiiƴam jibinannde.Ɗumɗoo ko jarribo ɓooyngo ngam anndude PNH sabu ŋakkeende sensitivite e keertinagol mum.

No nayaɓal PNH yahrata e ŋakkere ƴiiƴam aplastik nii, ƴeewndo Ham ina waɗi sahaa e sahaa fof ko moƴƴi e AA.

## Tuugnorgal
IPPA

**IPPA** ko ƴeewndo ɓanndu jogiingo geɗe nay teeŋtuɗe : ƴeewndo, palpaasiyoŋ, fiyde, e auskultaasiyoŋ.

Hay so tawii laabi ɗii ina kawri e nder terɗe, njuɓɓudi ndii ina waawi seertude.  Teskaama, wonande ƴeewndo reedu, auscultation ina waɗee ko adii palpaasiyoŋ,,sabu golle palpaasiyoŋ ina mbaawi waylude ko auscultaama koo.

## Tuugnorgal
Intermuscular coherence

**Koolondiral hakkunde** ƴiye ko peeje ngam limtude jokkondire hakkunde golle ƴiye ɗiɗi, ko heewi ƴeewteede ko e kuutoragol elektoromiyogaraafi.  Korwal e nder golle ɓalndu ina limtee e domen keewal, ko ɗum waɗi ina wiyee koolondiral hakkunde ɓalndu..

## Tariya
Sinkronisaasiyoŋ yuɓɓooji mooftirɗi ɓalndu wooturu e nder daabaaji e yimɓe ina anndaa ko ina wona duuɓi capanɗe.  Wiɗtooji gadani ƴeewndotooɗi jokkondire golle EMG kuutoriima jokkondire hakkunde domenuuji waktuuji ngam limtude naatgol kuuɓtodinngol..  Miijo laaɓtungo e woodde sinkronisaasiyoŋ hakkunde yuɓɓooji mooftirɗi ƴiye ɗiɗi ceertuɗe, haalaama e sahaa caggal.[5]  E kitaale 1990, ƴeewndo coherence naati ngam ƴeewtaade e nder keewal loowdi naatgol kuuɓtodinngol.[2]

## Fisiyoloji
Koolondiral hakkunde ƴiye ina waawi huutoreede ngam wiɗtude cirkooji nerwooji baɗɗi e ƴellitgol mooftugol.  Golle ƴiye jokkondirɗe ina kollita naatgol gootal e nder poolguuji yuɓɓo mooftirgel ƴiye ɗiɗi ɗee kala e hollirde laabi nerwooji rennduɗi (ina heen kortikol, subkortikal e ƴiye) ballooji e golle ƴiye e yahdu.[8]  Doole jokkondire hakkunde ƴiye ina fawii e jokkondire hakkunde ƴiye, ina heewi semmbe hakkunde ƴiye ɗiɗi jokkondirɗe e anatomi e golle.. Ko ɗum waɗi jokkondire hakkunde ƴiye ina mbaawi huutoreede ngam anndude ŋakkeende e nder laabi mooftugol..

## Ƴeew kadi
Koolondiral kortikomuskulaar

Koolondiral kortikokortikal

## Tuugnorgal
Hawkins–Kennedy test

**Test Hawkins–Kennedy** ko test kuutorteeɗo ngam ƴeewde ñawu nguu e ɓalndu. Ko Kanadaanaaɓe R. Hawkins e J. Kennedy puɗɗii siftinde ɗum e kitaale hiitande dubi alif 1980, tee ƴeewndo moƴƴo ina ɓuri hollirde bonnugol ƴiiƴam ɓalndu supraspinatus..

## Firo
Test Hawkins–Kennedy moƴƴo ina hollita ɓuuɓri denndaangal mbaydiiji tawaaɗi hakkunde ɓuuɓri mawndi e ɓuuɓri korakohumeral. Ko mbaydiiji gonɗi e ɓuuɓri ɗii mbaɗi : ƴiye supraspinatus, ƴiye teres tokoose, e ƴiye infraspinatus. Test Hawkins–Kennedy ina hiisee wonde teskuya ɓuuɓɗo no feewi (79%) e noon teskuya Hawkins–Kennedy mo moƴƴaani ina hollita wonde ñawu nguu ina famɗi.

## Laahal
Ñawɗo oo ƴeewtetee ko e jooɗaade, tawa ɓalndu mum ina ɓuuɓtoo haa 90°, wuttulo mum ina ɓuuɓtoo haa 90°. Wiɗtoowo oo ina nannga, ina wallita proximal to ɗiɗo fof, junngo ñawɗo oo e wuttulo mum, ngam heɓde fooftere ɓurnde mawnude, caggal ɗuum ina yaawi wirnude junngo ñawɗo oo e nder mum. Nafoore tawaande les jokkere akromioklavikulaar e yirlaade nder mum ina hiisee wonde ko ƴeewndo moƴƴo.

## Tuugnorgal
Heat cramps

**Ɓoornugol nguleeki,** ko sifaa ñawu nguu, ko ɓuuɓri ɓalndu, ndi ummotoo ko e ŋakkere lamɗam e ndiyam keewɗam e nder fijirde. Ɓuuɓri nguleeki ina jokkondiri e ɓuuɓri e nder reedu, e juuɗe e calɗi. Ɗum ina waawi arde e ŋakkeende ñaamde ndiyam walla elektorolit. Ɓuuɓri teeŋtundi ina addana neɗɗo ɓuuɓde, haa teeŋti noon so ndiyam ɗam lomtinaama tawa lomtinaani kadi lamɗam walla potaasiyom.

Hay so tawii noon ɓuuɓri ina waawi saabaade mette no feewi, ina heewi wonde ko ɗum addanta neɗɗo bonnude ɗum haa abada, hay so tawii noon ina waawi wonde maande ɓuuɓri walla ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri. Ɓoornugol nguleeki ina waawi hollirde caɗeele ɓurɗe teeŋtude e neɗɗo mo ñawu ɓernde walla so tawii ko ɓuri waktu gooto.

Ngam haɗde ɗe, neɗɗo ina waawi yarde ɓuuɓri elektorolit ko wayi no njaram dingiral e nder golle tiiɗɗe walla ñaamde ko heewi e potaasiyom ko wayi no banaana e appel. So tawii nguleeki ina heɓtoo, neɗɗo oo ina foti reenaade golle tiiɗɗe e fijirde fotde waktuuji keewɗi ngam waawde sellude.

## Ƴeew kadi
Ɓooygol ndiyam

## Tuugnorgal
High-resolution manometry

**Manometri toowɗo** (HRM) ko feere ƴeewndotoonde motiliteer ɓalndu, fotnde ƴeewde golle ɓuuɓɗe nder ɓalndu e nder ɓalndu, tawa ina huutoroo mbaydiiji ɓuuɓɗi gonɗi e nokkuuji ɓadtiiɗi.  njuɓɓudi manometrik renndinde "toownde" tawa ina luurdi e "koɗki", sensoruuji ɓuuɓɗi ɗii ina poti woɗɗitaade ko ɓuri 1 cm. Karallaagal ɗiɗi ɓurngal mawnude ngam waylude tolno nguleeki ina huutoree : ƴeewndorɗe tolno nguleeki tolniiɗi e ƴeewndorɗe tolno nguleeki ndiyam. Kala karallaagal mbayliigu nguleeki ina jogii nafooje mum e caɗeele mum. Siistemaaji HRM ina ɗaɓɓi kadi kaɓirɗe e lowre ordinateeruuji jahruɗi yeeso ngam mooftude e ƴeewtaade dokke manometri.

## Ƴeew kadi
Sonde ƴeewndo Lumen golloowo

Manometri anorektal

## Tuugnorgal
Host factor

**Faktor jaɓɓotooɗo** (waktuuji goɗɗi ina anndiree faktor risk) ko helmere safaara firtata sifaaji neɗɗo walla daabaaji baɗɗiiɗi e ŋakkere ñawu, haa teeŋti noon so en ƴeewtindiima ɗum e yimɓe woɗɓe. Helmere ndee ummii ko e wiɗtooji ñawuuji mborosaaji, ko feewti e « geɗe nguurndam », ko wayi no mborosaaji e mborosaaji mborosaaji. Geɗe jaɓɓotooɗe baawɗe seertude e nder yimɓe, baawɗe battinde e ŋakkere ñawu nguu ina mbaawi wonde jibinannde walla keɓtinaande.

## Won e yeruuji:
cellal kuuɓtodinngal

sifaaji hakkille e jikku

ngonka ñamri

jokkondiral renndo

ko adii nde njiyloto-ɗaa e nguurndam walla antigenuuji jokkondirɗi e mum

haplotype walla ceertugol renndo keeriiɗo goɗɗo e golle reenngo

ƴaañde geɗe

asli

Helmere ndee ina huutoree hannde e nder onkoloji e nder fannuuji safaara keewɗi goɗɗi jowitiiɗi e ceertugol neɗɗo e ŋakkere ñawu nguu.

## Ƴeew kadi
Indeks ŋakkeende

Epidemiyoloji

Immunoloji

## Tuugnorgal
Hystero contrast sonography

**Sonography hystero contrast** (HyCoSy) ko feere ultrasound ngam anndude ŋakkeende mbaydi jibinannde debbo, ko wayi no uddugol ƴiye. Ina waɗee no ultrasound transvaginal gadano rewrude e naatgol kateter ngam doole ndiyam dow ƴiiƴam ngam rokkude ultrasound feere feere. Ndee natal ina hollita patency tuubaako holliroowo mbaawka sperm ina lummboo feewde e ƴiiƴam, e zigote ina waawi yahde les feewde e reedu, ɗo ɗum ɓuuɓnata e nder reedu.

## Tuugnorgal
Laboratory-developed test

**Teskuyaaji peewnaaɗi e laboratuwaaruuji** (LDT) ko denndaangal ƴeewndorɗe (IVDs) peewnaaɗe, peewnaaɗe, kuutorteeɗe e nder laboratuwaar gooto. Ɓe kuutortee ko e ƴeewndorɗe safaara ceertuɗe e kuutorɗe wiɗtooji, ina ndokka nafooje e nder ɓuuɓri e ƴellitde kesam-hesaagu e fannu ƴeewndorɗe.

## "Test ƴellitaaɗo e laboratuwaar" ko helmere huutorteende ngam siftinde won e fannuuji ƴeewndo in vitro (IVDs) ɗi, e nder U.S., ko adii fof ina njuɓɓinee e les porogaraam waylude laboratuwaaruuji safaara.

## Leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik
To leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik, fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e nguura e leɗɗe (FDA) hollitii wonde, so tawii ɗeeɗoo jarribooje ina mbaawi wonde kaɓirɗe safaara, ɗeeɗoo geɗe ina mbaawi naatde e luumo hee tawa ko e dow yamiroore fedde nde. E hitaande 2014, FDA hollitii wonde maa fuɗɗo reende won e LDT. Kono, e ko ɓuri teeŋtude, nde waɗaani noon, haa e lewru abriil 2019.

Nde tawnoo LDTs ​​ɗaɓɓaani laaɓal FDA 510(k) ɗaɓɓaangal jarribooji goɗɗi ngam anndude ñawu nguu, ko ɗum waɗi luulndiiɓe ɓee njiyri ɗum ko no loowdi kuule.Darnde-to-jaagorgal

Testuuji direct-to-consumer ina njuɓɓinee no kuutorɗe safaara nii, hay so tawii noon FDA ƴeewtaaki ɗi..

Teskuyaaji taariindi 23andMe direct-to-consumer ina ndokkee e fuɗɗoode ko LDTs, kono FDA luulndii ɗum, dooli sosiyetee oo yoɓde teskuyaaji ɗii ngam jaɓeede wonde kaɓirgal safaara class II..

## Sosiyeteeji
Sosiyeteeji keewɗi ina ndokka jarribooji baɗaaɗi e laboratuwaar.

Sosiyeteeji keewɗi ina ngondi e ƴellitgol kuutorɗe jarribooje peewnaaɗe e laboratuwaaruuji, ina jeyaa heen Sosiyeteeji Adaptive Bioteknoloji, Quest Diagnostics, Roche, e Illumina.

## Yiyngo luumo
Lugge winndereeje ngam jarribooji baɗaaɗi e laboratuwaaruuji (LDT) ina ɓeydoo mawnude, sibu ina ɗaminaa maa ɗum won 4582,6 miliyoŋ dolaar Amerik e hitaande 2030, tawi ko 3518,7 miliyoŋ dolaar Amerik e hitaande 2023 (CAGR ko 3,8%). Ngaal ɓeydagol ina addana ɗum yahrude yeeso e ƴeewndorɗe taariindi, ɓeydagol ɗaɓɓaande safaara keeriiɗo, e yaajde jokkondire e fannuuji cellal e ƴeewndorɗe.

## Tuugnorgal
Lewis lead

**Lead Lewis** (ina wiyee kadi lead S5) ko lead ECG moɗtuɗo kuutorteeɗo ngam yiytude ɓoggi ɓuuɓɗi atrial so tawii ɓuuɓri atrial ina tuumaa e safaara, tuugnaade e maale, kono kolliraaka no feewi e ECG lead 12 gonɗo e mbaydi. Ngam sosde Lewis Lead, elektorode junngo ñaamo ina nawtee to manubrium sara sternum. Ndeen elektoronik junngo nano oo ina diwa to bannge ñaamo, nokku joyaɓo hakkunde-leyɗeejo sara sternum. Elektorode koyngal nano ngal ina waɗee e dow ŋoral les ŋoral ñaamo. Ndeen Lead Lewis ina janngee Lead I e ECG, nde tawnoo e ko ɓuri heewde e ñawɓe maa won ko foti no mbaydi depolarisaasiyoŋ ventrikulaar, mbaydiiji ɓuuɓɗi atrial ina mbaawi ɓurde feeñde.

## Tuugnorgal