open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Women in Nazi Germany

E nder Almaañ Nazi, rewɓe ina ngondi e doosɗe Nazi en ɗe lannda Nazi (NSDAP) ƴettata, kañum ne ina jokki e ittude rewɓe e nguurndam politik e jaŋde Almaañ kam e juɓɓule mum e goomuuji mum.   To bannge goɗɗo oo, so tawii ko e keewal yimɓe, walla ŋakkeende yuɓɓo nokkuyankeewo, walla kam e ɗiɗo fof,  rewɓe Almaañ heewɓe ngontii tigi rigi terɗe lannda Nazi en. Ɗum fof e wayde noon, laamu Naseer en ina hirjina, ina ɗaɓɓi e rewɓe ɓee, e dow laabi, ngam heblude geɗe yumma e debbo tan. Rewɓe ina njaltinaa e denndaangal golle goɗɗe, haa arti noon e fannuuji politik e jaŋde. Nazism salii feminism ko "haɓantooɗo Almaañ". 

Doosɗe ɗee ina ceerti no feewi e ƴellitaare hakkeeji rewɓe e potal rewɓe e worɓe e nder laamu Weimar, kono kadi ina seerti e jikkuuji cemmbinɗi e nder laamu Almaañ . Regiment rewɓe e ɓernde juɓɓule satelitaaji lannda Nazi, hono, walla  ina joginoo faandaare timmunde ngam hirjinde jokkondiral. 

Debbo ideal e nder Almaañ Nazi alaa golle caggal galle mum. E nder ɗuum, ko debbo moƴƴo (hono no gorko makko siforii ɗum nii), yumma hakkille, jom hakkille (ina toppitii no feewi ngam nehde sukaaɓe mum e fawaade e filosofiiji e miijooji Naseer en), kadi ko o baawɗo waɗde kala golle galle ko wayi no laɓɓinde e defde. Rewɓe ina njoginoo hakke heblo ngo kala sifaa ; hono ndeeɗoo heblo heewi wonde ko e golle galleeji. E nder yontaaji, rewɓe Almaañnaaɓe e jamaanu Nazi en, ngoppaama jannginde e nder duɗe jaaɓi haaɗtirde, golloraade safaara, e golloraade golle politik e nder NSDAP.  So wonaa Gertrud Scholtz-Klink, *laamɗo leydi ndii*, rewɓe njaɓaaka waɗde golle laamu. Kono tan, won heen ko seerti e ɗuum, so tawii ko e ɓadtaade Adolf Hitler, ko wayi no Magda Goebbels, walla ko ɓuri heewde e fannuuji keewɗi, ko wayi no Leni Riefenstahl, ƴettuɗo filmuuji walla diwooje Hanna Reitsch . Keeri keewɗi e rewɓe ƴettaa ko nde haajuuji wolde ɗaɓɓiri mbayliigu politik caggal laamu nguu.

## Ɓawo
E laamu Republique Weimar, ngonka rewɓe ina jeyaa e ɓurɗe yahrude yeeso e nder Orop. Doosgal leydi Weimar ñalnde 19 lewru bowte hitaande 1919 hollitii hakke maɓɓe suɓaade (kuulal 17 e 22), potal rewɓe e worɓe e nder geɗe siwil (kuulal 109), waasde seerndude birooji rewɓe. (kuulal 128), hakkeeji jibinannde (kuulal 19) e potal jom suudu e nder dewgal (kuulal 119).  Clara Zetkin, hooreejo mawɗo diɗɗal rewɓe Almaañ, wonnoo ko tergal parlemaa to Reichstag tuggi 1920 haa 1933, haa arti noon e ardaade batu nguu e darnde Dean. Kono Weimar hollitaaki dille mawɗe ngam ndimaagu rewɓe. Rewɓe keddii ina pamɗi e nder parlemaa ; yumma ina jokki e ƴellitde ko ɓuri teeŋtude e golle renndo rewɓe ; ruttaade ina waawi ñaaweede haa jooni (§ 218 sariya kuuɓtodinɗo); e gollotooɓe rewɓe keɓaani ƴellitaare faggudu mawnde ko wayi no njoɓdi potndi.  E feeñde njulaagu, njulaagu e laamu ina ɓeydoo soklaade golle ; hay so tawii golle ngontii laawol feewde e emancipaasiyoŋ wonande rewɓe, ɓe keewi ko rewde e golle binnditagol ko wayi no binnditagol walla yeeyooɓe, ɗo ɓe keewi yoɓeede 10 haa 20% ko famɗi fof e gollotooɓe worɓe,  e nder dalillaaji keewɗi, ko wayi no wiyde wonde faamde golle galleeji in expense ina woppira ɓe certa.

## Tuugnorgal
Academy Study of a Man

**Akademi Janngugol Gorko** (e Farayse: Académie d'homme) ko nate nebam e dow canvas ɗe naalanke Faraysenaajo biyeteeɗo Henri Matisse waɗi, tuggi c. Hitaande 1900 haa 1901. Ina hollira gorko ina darii ina ɓoornii comci, ina ƴetta hoore mum seeɗa dow.[1] Kanndaa oo ko wuro Marseille soodi ɗum e soodgol ñalnde 20 marse 1990, gila ndeen woni ko e Musée Cantini.

## Tuugnorgal
Acrobat and Young Harlequin

**Acrobat et Jeune Arlequin** (e farayse: Acrobate et jeune Arlequin) ko nate ɗe Pablo Picasso waɗi e hitaande 1905, ɗe nebam e dow canvas. Pentiraa ko e joofnirde jamaanu Picasso bulo e fuɗɗoode jamaanu makko rose, golle ɗee ina kollita sifaaji ɗiin ɗiɗi fof, e tiitoonde mum mettunde e palet mum bulo e rose. Picasso tagi natal ngal ko nde o woni to Le Bateau-Lavoir, galle makko e suudu makko to Montmartre, Pari.

Ndee ɗoo nate Picasso yaltinaa e nder deftere ƴeewndo ganndal e filosofi Action, e lewru marse 1920.

Acrobat e Harlequin suka ina njeyaa e koolol duumingol ngol Fooyre Ɓamtaare Barnes to Filadelfi, Pensilvani.

## Tuugnorgal
All Through the Night (Žmuidzinavičius)

**Jemma oo fof ko nate nebam** ɗe Antanas Žmuidzinavičius waɗi, gila 1906.

## Limtol
Natal ngal ina waɗi 84 cm x 110 cm. Ko e nder mooɓondiral Musée Art Lituani.

## Lartol
Natal ngal ko e jamaanu naalanke oo fuɗɗii. Kompoññe oo ko koyɗol. Ina hollira taabal, lampa, e windoore nde asamaan fuɗɗii jalbude e yaasi. Natal ngal ko e mbaadi realist.

## Tuugnorgal
The "No-Problem" Problem

**Caɗeele "No-Problem" ɗee** ko huunde heewnde haaleede e nder njuɓɓudi (système bias), ɗo ittugol yimɓe tokosɓe walla marginaal en e ganndal waɗata sabu haala kaa ina anndaa ko wonaa caɗeele, walla wonaa caɗeele haaloowo . Helmere ndee siifaama e hitaande 1990 e juuɗe Deborah Rhode bayyinɗo winndannde e ndeeɗoo tiitoonde e nder jaaynde Yale Law Journal 1991 . 

Helmere nde, nde ummorii ko e caɗeele yimɓe haɓantooɓe geɗe renndo e njiyaagu, nde Rhode huutorii nde teeŋti e dille rewɓe ɗee, nde wonnoo ko nde caɗeele *teskinɗe*, nde tawnoo « laawol ɓurngol aadaade ngol ko jaɓde ŋakkeende rewɓe e worɓe, kono yeddude tooñanngeeji maɓɓe ».  Duuɓi capanɗe ɗiɗi caggal ɗuum, caɗeele ɗee ƴeewtaama kadi e Brenda Frink mo Duɗal Clayman ngam wiɗtooji jowitiiɗi e jinnaaɓe e winndannde mum *« Duumagol caɗeele ɗe ngalaa caɗeele »* .  O ƴetti deftere Rhode winndi e hitaande 2010, ko fayti e mbaydi ɓalli rewɓe, *wiyeteende The Beauty Bias: La injustice de l’apparence dans la vie et la loi* .  Miijo faamde e nder caɗeele ɗee ƴettaama laawol gootol, diisnaama e haala mbaydi ɓanndu, nde tawnoo « rewɓe ɓe ngalaa miijooji ŋarɗugol pinal ina ŋakkiraa golle, njoɓɗeele, e ƴellitaare hay so tawii mbaydi ndi alaa ko jokkondiri e golle ». E hitaande 2014, Ilene Fischer winndii lowre e nder jaaynde wiyeteende Huffington Post, tiitoonde mum ko *« Caɗeele ɗe ngalaa caɗeele »* ngam huutoraade helmere ndee e ŋakkeende njoɓdi hakkunde rewɓe e worɓe to Microsoft. 

## Tuugnorgal
NotAllMen

Hashtag **#NotAllMen** ko meme internet rewɓe .   Juutgol konngol « **wonaa worɓe fof ngoni noon** » (waktuuji goɗɗi ina njuɓɓinee **NAMALT** ),  ko parodi satirik hujjaaji kuutorteeɗi ngam woɗɗinde hakkillaaji worɓe e nder jeewte jowitiiɗe e njulaagu, ŋakkeende njoɓdi rewɓe e worɓe,  e geɗe goɗɗe.

### Jaabawol haala rewɓe
Konngol "wonaa worɓe fof ngoni noon" ina huutoree e internet gila e cakkital kitaale 2000 ngam faabaade worɓe no feewi.  Nde huutoraama no feewi e nder daraniiɓe hakkeeji worɓe (MRA) ngam jaabaade jeewte internet jowitiiɗe e njiyaagu walla njiyaagu ngu ɓe njiyri ko ina tuuma worɓe fof ko waɗooɓe ɗum. 

Jess Zimmerman winndii wonde hade 2013, wonaa worɓe fof ngalaa e jeewte jowitiiɗe e peeje derailment kuutorteeɗe ngam jaabaade haala rewɓe ; e nokku mum ko konnguɗi ko wayi no "  hol ko woni worɓe ɓee?' e ' patriarchy ina mettina worɓe kadi'—ñaagaade ngam naatde heen, wonaa ngam woppude".  Zimmerman kadi hollitii kuutoragol konngol ngol ummoraade e hitaande 1985 e nder deftere Joanna Russ wiyeteende *On Strike Against God* ɗo jikku gooto miijotoo:

### Popularisaasiyoŋ ko meme
Kelsey McKinney winndi e *Vox* wonde konngol "wonaa worɓe fof" ngol "rewɓe ƴetti ɗum, wayli ɗum wonti meme ngam hollirde yaajde mum e bonannde mum".  Konngol ngol e hashtag "#NotAllMen" fof kuutoraa ko no satire e jaabawuuli difagol worɓe. Ko adii fof ko meme oo feeñi e jaayɗe lolluɗe ko tweet satirik mo Shafiqah Hudson winndi e hitaande 2013 mo yaawi yaltude

### 2014 warngooji Islaam Vista
 NotAllMen wonnoo ko hashtag Twitter ko adii warngooji Isla Vista 2014, kono ɗum dañii ɓeydaare caggal kewu nguu, sabu njiyaagu ngu waroowo oo holliti e rewɓe.  E jaabtaade hujja "wonaa worɓe fof",    kuutortooɗo Twitter gooto mo anndaaka, sosi hashtag #YesAllWomen  ngam hollirde wonde rewɓe fof ina ngondi e njiyaagu e njiyaagu rewɓe . Ndeeɗoo hashtag keso sosaande, ko rewɓe kuutortoo ngam renndinde geɗe mum en e njiyaagu e njiyaagu e nder laylayti renndo.

## Tuugnorgal
Rutuchakra

**RutuChakra** (alternatively stylized Rutuchakra) ko fedde ardiinde sukaaɓe nde golliima e fannu cellal lewru, naatgol e ndimaagu, ko ɓuri heewde e leydi Indiya gila 2018.  E nder 20+ chapter mum e nder leydi Indiya, nde rokkii ko ɓuri menstruple,00.  Fedde nde ina golloo e nder dumunna cakkitiiɗo oo fof, ina rokka ko ina ɓura 50 000 geɗel gila e hitaande 2020.  Fedde nde ina fawii e laabi keewɗi ngam dañde kaalis ngam golle mum.  RutuChakra ina gollondira e pelle ɗe ngonaa laamuyankooje ko wayi no ThayiMane, Mitra Jyothi e Sandesh ngam rokkude laylayti renndo e golle.   Ngam golle mum, sosɗo oo heɓi njeenaaje keewɗe ina jeyaa heen njeenaari Renaissance (Economiquement Inclusif).

## Tariya
Rutuchakra sosaa ko e hitaande 2018 e juuɗe Sanjana Dixit, suka mbayliigu Ashoka,  e fedde sosnde yimɓe 12 woɗɓe ina heen ardiiɓe jooni ɓee, hono Soumya Gupta, Nikita Dhamija e Aryan Dixit.   Nde fuɗɗorii ko e fedde mooftugol kaalis nde hawri e 4,5 lakhs e kampaañ mum gadano. 

## Tuugnorgal
R/Feminism

**r/Feminism** ko subreddit politik rewɓe yeewtanoowo geɗe rewɓe.  Subreddit oo ina yeewta geɗe baɗɗe faayiida e rewɓe e sukaaɓe tokosɓe, ko wayi no tooñannge e majjere e nokkuuji golle, majjere, majjere nder galleeji, njoɓdi pinndi, jeyi pinal, e wakilaagu. Huutortooɓe r/feminism ina nanndi e huutortooɓe r/MensLib, lowre ndimaagu worɓe ; e r/hakkeeji worɓe, subreddit feewde e r/hakkeeji worɓe .  Subreddit oo ina nelda yimɓe yiɗɓe haalde ko fayti e geɗe worɓe to r/Masculism, ko ɗum siforii ko "laabi teskinɗi e feminism".  Fotde 54% e binndanɗe r/Feminism ɓuri heewde ko bonɗe. 

## Teffol
E nder wiɗto ɓe ngonaa rewɓe e nder subreddit e hitaande 2018, ɓe ngonaa rewɓe mbiyi ina njiɗi jiiɓde renndo ngoo. Feminist en e nder subreddit teskiima tolno haɓantooɓe rewɓe e nder miijooji. E nder tataɓal gadanal hitaande 2020, fotde ujunere tergal ina haɗaa e subreddit e lewru kala. Sabu jiiɓru, ina waawi saɗtude seerndude moƴƴere e bonnde, kadi feministe en nder subreddit ina mbaawi waasde weltaade e haalde miijooji mum en sabu jaabawol bonngol ngol feministe en woɗɓe mbaɗata.. 

Wiɗto ciimtol jeewte *People v. Turner* to Reddit, renndinde r/News, r/Feminism, e r/MensRights hollitii wonde r/Feminism ko subreddit tan noddi Turner "tooñoowo". r/Feminism ko lowre tan jokkondirnde e kelle web yaajɗe kuutortooɗe kelme « bonannde » walla « rape », ko ɗum hollirta wonde r/feminism ina jogii miijo ɓurngo tiiɗde e Turner e lowre woɗnde ndee. 30% e binndanɗe r/feminism maa mbaylu binndanɗe jeewte ko faati e haala kaa, e 62,5% e r/MensRights. So en ƴeewtindiima r/Feminism e r/MensRights, subreddit feministe ina waawi jokkondirde e lowe jahruɗe yeeso, r/MensRights ina waawi jokkondirde e lowre ƴellitoore, ɗum firti ko subreddituuji ɗii fof ɓuri yiɗde ko iwdiiji ɗi njaɓata ko ɓe ngoongɗini. 

Huutortooɓe e r/Feminism ina njogii hakkundeere 5 posto, e 0.86% e terɗe ɗee mbaɗii ko ɓuri 100 posto. Wiɗto waɗaango e hitaande 2023 e nder jaaynde *Discourse &amp;amp; Society* ƴeewndotoonde 496 ujunere binndanɗe r/Feminism hollitii wonde 54,31% e binndanɗe r/Feminism ɓuri heewde ko bonɗe. 

Wiɗto waɗaango e hitaande 2020 hollitii wonde huutortooɓe r/Feminism ina nanndi e r/MensLib.  Wiɗto waɗaango e lewru noowammbar 2023 e nder jaaynde wiyeteende *[[Behavior Research Methods]]* hollitii wonde ɗum wonaa sabu ranndomaaji. Wiɗto ngoo kadi ƴeewii r/MensRights, e winndude wonde "njeñtudi men ina hollita wonde won seedeeji kollitooji wonde r/MensLib ina renndini humpitooji ɓurɗi heewde e r/Feminism (e ko nanndi heen) ko ɓuri ko ɗi mbaɗata e r/MensRights. Ɗum ina rokka seedeeji moƴƴi wonde ko woni e r/MensRights ko ɓuri nanndude e ko nanndi e ɗuum e, haalaaji ɗi pelle rewɓe goɗɗe njaɓata ko ɓuri haalaaji ɗi pelle goɗɗe njaɓata e nder manosphere .” 

## Tuugnorgal
Statement Festival

**Koolol Statement** ko koolol jimɗi e nder leydi Suwed wonande rewɓe, ɓe ngonaa binnditagol e ɓe ngonaa binnditagol . Nde heɓi nokku gadano to Göteborg e ñalnde 31 ut haa 1 suwee 2018, nde fawii ko e yuɓɓineede hitaande kala.    Yuɓɓinɓe hiirde ndee kollitii wonde hiirde ndee waɗata ko "tawa worɓe ngalaa",  e nder golle mum firti ko hiirde ndee ko yimɓe rewɓe tan, ɓe ngonaa binnditagol walla ɓe ngonaa jinnaaɓe .    Nokku ɗo fedde ndee woni caggal dingiral, ina wiyee e jaleeɗe "man-pen" (Suwed: 

) e yuɓɓinɓe, e tuugnaade e karallaagal worɓe, ardiiɓe e terɗe fedde naalankooɓe ɓe keewi hoɗde toon.  Wonande hoɓɓe ina waɗi duuɓi 18. 

Miijo "juulde nde neɗɗo alaa" ummorii ko e koolaaɗo kuuɓal biyeteeɗo Emma Knyckare caggal juuldeeji keewɗi e nder yontaaji ɓennuɗi ɗii ko wayi no juulde Bråvalla e We Are Sthlm njoginoo caɗeele e njulaagu e njulaagu e nder yahooɓe juulde ndee.  O hollitii miijo ngoo e Twitter e limoore jaabawuuli moƴƴi ɗi o heɓi ɗii, ina hirjina mo yuɓɓinde hiirde ndee.  E hitaande 2017 kampaañ Kickstarter mo yimɓe heewɓe ngaddi, hawri ko ina wona 50 000 oroo ngam yuɓɓinde hiirde ndee.   Ko ina tolnoo e 30 yuɓɓinɓe ɓeydaare naatii e lebbi garooji ɗii.  E nder yeewtere lewru suwee 2017, yuɓɓinɓe yeewtere ndee njeewtidii e ƴettude awokaaji ngam rokkude wasiyaaji sariya ko fayti e sariyaaji jowitiiɗi e potal worɓe e rewɓe . 

E lewru mee 2018, Emma Knyckare ɓeydi heen faandaare juutnde e fedde ndee : udditaade fedde ndee kadi e worɓe fof.  Koolol ngol heɓi 200 000 korona e ballal laamu ummoraade e Diiso Naalankaagal Suwed e hitaande 2018.  

Ina jeyaa e naalankooɓe limtaaɓe ɓee, Frida Hyvönen e Dolores Haze,  Maksida Marak, Radula, Beatrice Eli,  Ionnalee e fedde rock Angalteer wiyeteende Girlschool .  Koolaaɗo kuuɓal biyeteeɗo Nour El-Refai e Josefin Johansson kadi maa peeñ. 

## Nyeebol
E lewru sulyee 2018, Ñaawirde Toownde (Ombudsman) leydi Suwed fuɗɗiima wiɗto ngam anndude so tawii yuɓɓinɓe ɓee ina mbonna sariyaaji kaɗooji njiyaagu tuugiingu e jinnaaɓe.  Yuɓɓinɓe ɓee njaabtii ñaawoowo diisnondiral wonde worɓe ɓe ngonaa transgender en ina mbaawi naatde.   E lewru Duujal 2018, Ñaawirde Toownde (Equality Ombudsman) wiyi wonde jaɓɓaade worɓe ɓe ngonaa transgender en kam e noddirde ñalngu nguu "gorko dimo" ko huunde nde ƴaañii . 

## Tuugnorgal
Thompson's psychology of women

Clara Thompson wonnoo ko neɗɗo teeŋtuɗo e nder « duɗal pinal » rewindaade ganndal hakkille e kitaale 1940 e 1950, hay so tawii noon hannde o ɓuri siftoreede no feewi e gollodiiɓe makko pinal Karen Horney, Harry Stack Sullivan e Erich Fromm .  Thompson e hoore mum alaa ko o jogori waɗde e kesam-hesamaagu teori kono ko adii fof o yi’aama ko jannginoowo, kilinik e gardiiɗo njuɓɓudi baawɗo no feewi.

E miijo Clara Thompson gooto e jokkondire ɓurɗe lollude e miijo Freud ko firo hakkille rewɓe. Omo waawi yiyeede ko gooto e feministe en luulndiiɓe miijo njiimaandi penndi ndi Sigmund Freud faamnini . E miijo makko hollitaama wonde geɗe pinal ina mbaawi saabaade ŋakkeende rewɓe e jikkuuji mum en. Nii woni neɗɗo ina waawi wiyde wonde "penis envy" ko maande jikku rewɓe e nder ndee pinal. 

O hollitii ciimtol ko fayti e geɗe teeŋtuɗe feewde e hakkillaaji rewɓe e hitaande 1953 , o yeewtidii e no pinal e renndo mbaɗirta batte diisnondiral e suppitorɗe e rewɓe. E nder yeewtere ceertugol debbo e gorko, o hollitii laabi kuuɓtodinɗi ɗi renndo ngoo ustata walla ustata ɗeen doole teskinɗe. Thompson yeddaani haaju hakkille debbo mo alaa ko woni e mum, o wiyi renndo ina jogii batte ɓurɗe mawnude e jom doole debbo, ko ɓuri batte biyoloji. O sikki ko renndo baabiraaɓe huutortoo ɗeen ceerle ngam tabitinde gorko ko ɓurɗo, debbo ko les. O renndaani e miijo Freud wonde rewɓe ina poti dañde wellitaare ɓurnde famɗude e worɓe. E miijo makko ko liggeey e nder renndo ngo haɗata rewɓe waasde jogaade haajuuji tiiɗɗi e nder jokkondiral.

Toɓɓere teeŋtunde e yeewtere Thompson e nder saakuuji rewɓe ko caɗeele ɗe rewɓe njogori dañde so tawii ina poti suɓaade hakkunde wonde yumma galle walla debbo golloowo tawa alaa dewgal. Rewɓe dewbo e sukaaɓe ina cikka koye mum en ina kuutoroo mbaawkaaji mum en haa timma, kadi ina keewi ɗaɓɓude ballal psychoanalytique ngam keeriindi ndi ɓe njiyataa. E wiyde Thompson, .  ɗum hollitii wonde heɓde ballal ina saɗi no feewi e rewɓe. Rewɓe ina njogii yiɗde duumaade kadi ɗuum ina waawi addude luural : bannge gooto rewɓe ina ngondi e miijooji njuɓɓudi, bannge goɗɗo ina ɗaminii resde e jibinde ɓiɓɓe. Clara Thompson yiɗiino teeŋtinde wonde renndooji ɗii fof ina mbaɗa heen geɗe ceertuɗe hakkunde worɓe e rewɓe kono ɗeen ceertuɗe ina mbaawi jogaade ko famɗi fof ko jokkondiri e ƴellitaare nguurndam.

## Tuugnorgal
Trousers as women's clothing

Janngingol yahuud en ortodoks en e won e diineeji kerecee en, ko wayi no Anabaptist en konservatiif en e Metodist en dille cenirɗe konservatiif en, ina njokki e yamirde rewɓe yo ɓoorno comci timmuɗi, wonaa pantalon ngam jokkude ko ɓe njiyrata ko seerndi jinnaaɓe.   

## Ko ɓooyi
Hay so tawii won nataluuji ummoriiɗi e Grece Micenae (c. 1750 – c. 1050 ko adii jibineede Iisaa) ina kollita wonde rewɓe e worɓe fof ina ɓoornoo paɗe ɓooyɗe, e nder Grece ɓooyɗo ɓooyɗo e Rome ɓooyɗo, paɗe ina pamɗi ɓoorneede e nder kuuɓal.  E nder heen, kamɓe ɗiɗo fof ɓe ɓoornii ko wutte les, rewɓe Roomnaaɓe ina ɓoornoo stola, worɓe ina ɓoornoo toga ngam dow.  E nder leƴƴi Almaañ, worɓe ina keewi ɓoornaade paɗe juutɗe, rewɓe ina keewi ɓoornaade kadi sahaaji.  Ina wayi no Misranaaɓe e Mesopotamiinaaɓe ɓooyɓe ɓoornaaki paɗe so wonaa paɗe keewɗe, paɗe, paɗe, paɗe koppi.  To bannge goɗɗo oo, Perse en fof ina ɓoornoo paɗe tiiɗɗe, tawa ko e jinnaaɓe ; e daawal gadanal, ɓe ƴetti won e comci Asirinaaɓe .  Leƴƴi Iraan ɓooyɗi goɗɗi ko wayi no Sitiyankooɓe, Sarmatinaaɓe, Sogdinaaɓe e Baktriyankooɓe e woɗɓe, yantude e Armeninaaɓe e leƴƴi Asii fuɗnaange e hakkundeejo ko wayi no Xiongnu / Hunnu, ina nganndiraa ɓoornaade paɗe.   Ina sikkaa wonde pantalon ko jinnaaɓe ɗiɗo ɓee fof ɓoornotonoo e nder ɓeeɗoo huutortooɓe adanɓe. 

## Reforme ɓoornungal hirnaange e sariyaaji e teeminannde 19ɓiire

### Farayse e teeminannde 19ɓiire

Tuggi 1800 haa 2013, rewɓe Pari, Farayse, e karallaagal, ina kaɗaa ɓoornaade paɗe tawa polis alaa yamiroore, ko seeɗa tan. Doggol ngol ina heewi dartinde tan ko e wolde adunaare adannde e caggal mum.   E kitaale 1850, pentoowo biyeteeɗo Rosa Bonheur ina foti naamnaade yamiroore e polis ngam ɓoornaade paɗe, sibu ko ɗum woni ko ɓuri welde e makko ngam yahde luumooji baali e jawdi ngam janngude daabaaji ɗi o pentata ɗii.

## Tuugnorgal
Sojourner: The Women's Forum

***Sojourner: The Women's Forum*** ko jaaynde Ameriknaare feministe yaltunde to Cambridge, Massachusetts tuggi 1975 haa 2002. Fuɗɗorii ko fedde rewɓe ummoriinde MIT, jaaynde ndee fuɗɗii ko e yiɗde rokkude nokku ɗo rewɓe MIT tan mbaawi jokkondirde e "miijooji mum en, e naalankaagal mum en, e doole mum en no rewɓe nii ummatore." 

No bayyinaango ngoo yaajiri nii, ko noon kadi yimɓe mum ɓeydorii. *Sojourner* haa jooni mawni haa wonti gooto e jaayɗe jeewte rewɓe ɓurɗe maantinde e nder ngenndi ndii. Nde yaltinii kabaruuji, binndanɗe, e ƴeewte ko faati e dille rewɓe .  Jaaynde ndee yaltinii golle rewɓe heewɓe anndaaɓe e yonta hannde oo, ko wayi no Audre Lorde, Barbara Smith, Margaret Robinson, Paula Gunn Allen, Joan Nestle e Sonia Shah .  Naalanke yiyoowo Isa Leshko ko binndoowo ballitooɗo, koolaaɗo defte e koolaaɗo kabaruuji gila 1995-1997. Winndiyanke debbo biyeteeɗo Jennifer Pozner fuɗɗii golle mum ko e *Sojourner.* 

Caggal nde o yaltini ko ina ɓura 185 tonngoode *, Sojourner* dañii darnde nanndunde e binndanɗe lolluɗe hannde ɗee ko wayi no *HERESIES* e *Sinister Wisdom* . *Sojourner,* hono no heewɓe e sifaa mum nii, ina haɓa e kaalis, haa jooni ina jokki e yaltude sabu ŋakkeende kaalis haa hitaande 2002.  

## Darnde e manndaa
Koolaaɗo kuuɓal oo, faandaare mum ko gollanaade renndo rewɓe, tawa ina rewi laawol, tawa ina nodda denndaangal rewɓe ngam jokkondirde e koye mum en e nder laylaytol ngol yaajni lowre mbayliigu kabaruuji rewɓe gila 1975 haa ko fayi arde. Ko fayti e ngool darnde feccere huuɓtodinnde, ko woni e jaaynde ndee koo, hollitaaki binndanɗe ko fayti e worɓe walla ɗe worɓe mbinndi. E tuugnaade e darnde jaayɗe kuuɓtidinɗe, gollotooɓe ɓee kollitii janngooɓe ɓee wonde *Sojourner* abonaaki hay dara e darnde feministe gooto, tee ina udditanii kala e kala yeewtere so tawii ina waɗi nafoore e charge feministe e nder kuuɓal. 

## Loowdi binndol
Tappirde ndee e mbaadi jaaynde, fedde ndee ƴettii jokkondiral jaajngal hakkunde janngooɓe ɓee fof. Haa teeŋti noon e taƴre ***Letters*** e nder ɓataake oo, ɗo hujjaaji e teskuyaaji filosof keewi waɗde hakkunde rewɓe e toɓɓe e miijooji jowitiiɗi e feminism, e njiyaagu, e jommbaajo gorko, e njiimaandi baabiraaɓe, e ko nanndi heen. Heewi wonde ko kelle gadane ɗee ina ƴetta jeewte laaɓtuɗe ko fayti e miijo e peeje feministe e queer. 

## ''Feminism yeeso, 1975-1995: Binndanɗe ummoraade e duuɓi 20 gadani Sojourner''
E hitaande 1995, Sojourner, Incorporated yaltinii deftere binndanɗe limtaaɗe e jaaynde ndee, yaltinaaɗe e defte luulndo tan San Francisco . Karen Kahn, e konngol Robin Morgan, deftere ndee ina waɗi binndanɗe 8 tonngoode. *Front Line Feminism* ina suddii ko heewi e dille rewɓe ko adii fof ko binndanɗe keewɗe, hakkunde fannuuji, binndaaɗe e binndooɓe rewɓe anndaaɓe e ɓe nganndaaka fof.

## <Tuugnorgal
Fedde rewɓe e leydi Itali

**Fedde rewɓe e leydi Itali (UDI)** ( *Dental rewɓe e leydi Itali* ) ko fedde rewɓe Itaali sosaande e hitaande 1944 to Rome e joofnirde wolde adunaare ɗimmere .  Innde maggal adannde ko **Unione Donne Italiane** ( *Dental rewɓe Itaali* ).

## Tariya
E hitaande 1943, pelle luulndiiɗe laamu biyeteeɗe Gruppi di Diffesa della Donna e per l’assistenza ai combattenti della Libertà (Pelle ngam haɓaade rewɓe e wallitde haɓantooɓe ndimaagu), ɗe limtaa ko GDD, sosaa. Ɗee pelle ko ƴaañgal lannda kominist Itaali, kono gila 1944, ɗe njaɓii denndaangal rewɓe luulndiiɓe fasism en . E hitaande 1944, e nder zoneeji rimɗinaaɗi ɗii, terɗe GDD naati e fedde hesere wiyeteende UDI (Fedde Rewɓe Itaali), nde Rita Montagnana sosi. UDI ƴetti golle GDD ngam haɓaade hakkeeji rewɓe, waɗti ɗum e ngonka jam e demokaraasi jibinannde. Feere politik yaawi addande rewɓe ɓe ngonaa kominist en yaltude. Seeɗa-seeɗa, njiimaandi lannda kominist ɓeydii, ardiiɓe ɓee fof ummorii ko e lannda walla lannda sosiyaalist Itaali . Terɗe ɗee ɓeydiima no feewi, gila e 50 000 e hitaande 1945 haa e miliyoŋaaji 1 e hitaande 1950, kono caggal ndeeɗoo tolno, ɗe ustii, ɗe ustii haa 220 000 e hitaande 1964. E nder kitaale 1950, UDI rewi ko e laawol lannda kominist, tee ɓuri tiiɗnaade ko e kuule politik e dow hakkeeji rewɓe . Nii woni, nde yettinii mesasuuji pasifist en, nde wallitii lannda kaa e wooteeji . 

Tuggi 1945 haa 1990 jaaynde UDI laawɗunde ko *Noi donne* (e ɗemngal *"Minen rewɓe"* ).  

## Laamu
Tuggi 1947 haa 1956 ko Mariyam Maddalena Rossi woni hooreejo maggo,  lomtii ɗum ko Mariyam Liisa Cinciari Rodano haa 1960. Depitee Carmen Zanti [ ɗum ] kadi wonnoo ko tergal. 

Nde jokkondiri ko e Fedde Winndere Demokaraasi Rewɓe (WIDF).

## Ƴeew kadi
Unione femminile nazionale (founded 1899)

## Tuugnorgal
Sisterhood (feminism)

Miijo **banndiraagal** e nder feminism ina darii e ballondiral e ballondiral hakkunde rewɓe. Nde yalti ko e miijo jokkondire tiiɗɗe, tiiɗɗe, nde yahri ko e waylooji e ñiŋooje e nder daartol e ƴellitaare dille rewɓe e yaajde miijo debbo.

## Tariya

### Banndiraaɓe e teeminannde 18ɓiire e 19ɓiire
E nder darorɗe teeminannde 18ɓiire e puɗal teeminannde 19ɓiire, rewɓe mbaɗti jokkondire tiiɗɗe, ko wayi no ballal ɓerɗe e renndo e nder njiimaandi baabiraaɓe . Heewi wiyeede ko jokkondire sororal, ɗeen jokkondire ko laawol ngam tabitinde mbaydiiji mum en e nder renndo tooñannge sabu mum. So tawii ɗeen jokkondire ina cikkatnoo won heen ko homososiyaal, won heen kadi ko homoerotik, jokkondiral luggiɗngal e nder ɓerɗe ina cikkatnoo ko e mbaydi mum. 

Carol Smith-Rosenberg, jannguɗo sehilaagal rewɓe e teeminannde 18ɓiire e 19ɓiire, hollitii wonde rewɓe mbaɗii ɗeen jokkondire e jokkondire ballitooje ko wayi no jokkondiral e reentaade e doosɗe renndo tabitinaaɗe.  Ɗee jokkondire, jaɓaaɗe e oon sahaa, mbaɗti marginaleede e darorɗe teeminannde ndee, nde leslese gonɗe e nder renndo ngo njiylotoo ko jokkere enɗam, njiylotoo ko jokkere enɗam.

### Feminism gonɗo e mbaydi adanndi e ƴellitaare banndiraaɓe politik
E ƴellitaare dille jojjanɗe rewɓe e teeminannde 19ɓiire e puɗal teeminannde 20ɓiire, miijo banndiraaɓe ina yaaji haa ɓurti jokkondiral hakkunde yimɓe e sehilaaɓe. Juɓɓule e pelle rewɓe ngonti caɗeele e nder dille suɓngooji, hakkeeji gollotooɓe, e peewnugol jaŋde. E anndude haaju gollal denndaangal, feministe en mbiyata ko banndiraaɓe ko helmere politik. Kono tan, ɗeen dille ko rewɓe ɓaleeɓe, ɓe ngonaa hakkundeeje, mbaɗi ɗum en, ina keewi kadi teeŋtinde ɗum en, tawa ina ɗaccira ɗum en geɗe pelle ɗe ngonaa laamuyankooje, ɗe njiytaaka. 

E wiyde winndiyanke Ameriknaajo biyeteeɗo bell hooks, banndiraagal politik ko feministe en burjuwaa en ƴelliti ɗum e dow tuugnaade e tooñannge renndo, ɗum noon ina usta sifaa goonga mo njiyaagu waɗata e rewɓe. Rewɓe ɓaleeɓe tagi nde, nde tuugnii ko e feminism ɓaleeɓe, nde huutorii ko no feere ngam wallitde politik e les njiimaandi baabiraaɓe, tawa nde ƴeewaani jokkondire ko wayi no leñol, leñol, e jokkondiral. Hooks ina hollita wonde banndiraaɓe, fotɓe hollirde « yiɗde nde alaa ɗo haaɗi » hakkunde rewɓe, tuugii ko e mbaydiiji njiyaagu e mbaydiiji renndo, ɗum noon ko fenaande sosaande ngam daɗde e jokkondire e ñiŋooje. 

### Feminism ɗiɗaɓo e banndiraagal radikal
E hitaande 1967, Kathie Sarachild, tergal e fedde rewɓe radikal en to New York, bayyini wonde « Banndiraaɓe ina njogii doole !», konngol ngol wonti caggal ɗuum konngol rewɓe e mbaydi ɗiɗmiri . 

E oon sahaa, miijo banndiraagal yaajtinaama haa yettii pelle ƴellitooje hakkillaaji, ɗe ƴetti ɗum haa ɓurti politik. Jooni noon, ngool jokkondiral hakkunde rewɓe ina foti ƴettude feere ngam ruttaade e doole worɓe e nder nguurndam mum en, e tabitinde mbaydiiji rewɓe e nokkuuji mum en. E won e fannu, jokkere enɗam adannde hakkunde banndiraaɓe ina arti, e ɓeydagol ballal kaɓirɗe e gollooɓe. Banndiraaɓe kesi mbaɗaama, ina heen ɓaleeɓe fof e lesbiyen en fof. Kono kala fedde ina joginoo heen miijo mum, ina ŋakki heen naatgol e jokkondiral.

## Tuugnorgal
Victim feminism

***Feminism victim*** ko helmere nde yoga e winndooɓe postfeminist en, ko wayi no Katie Roiphe  e Naomi Wolf kuutoriima ngam ñiŋde sifaaji njiimaandi feminism ɗi ɓe njiyri ina semmbina miijo wonde rewɓe ina pamɗi walla ina ŋakkiraa mbaawka.  : 393 

## Roiphe, Wolf e "rewɓe doole".

Naomi Wolf, debbo debbo siftorɗo hoore mum, huutoriima helmere *debbo jom suudu mum* e nder deftere mum 1993 *wiyeteende Fire With Fire* . Wolf ina seerndi feminism ɓiɗɗo leydi e ***feminism doole*** . E miijo makko, feministe en ƴaañiiɓe ina kollita rewɓe wonde « maleykaaji ɓuuɓɗi, ɓuuɓɗi, ɓuuɓɗi » ɗum noon ina haɗa rewɓe ƴettude doole ɗe ɓe njogii tigi rigi. E nder sifaaji ceertuɗi feminism victim, Wolf winndii wonde ina ƴetta fitinaaji e pottital e dow worɓe walla e baabiraaɓe mum en, tawa ina yejjita ɗeen sifaaji e nder rewɓe. 

Ganndo diine biyeteeɗo Colin Grant ina siftina wonde dikotomi doole Wolf e victim ina ummii e ceertugol no feministe en njiyrata liggeyaaji ɗi rewɓe njiylotoo : so tawii feminism victim ina jooɗii tan e dow mum en, feminism doole ina yiɗi anndude ɗum en, tawa faandaare mum ko luulndaade e foolde ɗum en. Grant siftinii kadi wonde Wolf e hoore mum ina wayi no jaɓɓorii banngeeji ɗiɗi ɗii fof : deftere makko *[[The Beauty Myth|wiyeteende The Beauty Myth]]* ina wayi no ummorii ko e kampaañ feminism ɓiɗɓe leydi, kono e *[[Fire with Fire (Naomi Wolf book)|Fire with Fire]]* Wolf waylooji feewde e bannge feminism doole.

Ndeeɗoo diisnondiral hakkunde « ñaawoowo » e « doole » ko annduɓe rewɓe woɗɓe, ko wayi no Elizabeth M. Schneider, ñiŋi ɗum, sabu mum siforaade no feewi haa hujja Wolf majji.  Yanti heen, ina renndini duɗe rewɓe ceertuɗe e ceertuɗe no feewi, kadi ngool jiiɓru ina wallita haɓantooɓe rewɓe e haalaaji mum en. 

## Feminism "jaɓoowo" agence
Rebecca Stringer, ganndo ko faati e jinnaaɓe, winndii wonde, gaa gaa Wolf e Roiphe, winndooɓe rewɓe woɗɓe ina njenanaa ko wayi no rewɓe ina njiyloo koye mum en, ina cemmbina kadi sifaa *feminism jaɓoowo ajannde* . Ina jeyaa e ɓeen : Mariyam Wolstonkraft, Kamiil Paglia, Kiristiina Hoff Sommers, Natasha Walter e Rene Denfeld .  Kala e ɓeeɗoo winndooɓe winndii defte lolluɗe ko fayti e rewɓe, ɗe limtaaɗe e noddaango golle, hono golle Betty Friedan e Germaine Greer .  E wiyde Stringer, ngool laawol gonngol e kitaale 1990 ngam haɓaade « feminism victim » ina jokkondiri e ƴellitaare neoliberalism e sahaa gooto .  E oon sahaa gooto, e nder deftere makko *Knowing Victims* Stringer hollitii wonde ɗeen ɗoon ñiŋooje « feminism victim » ndartinaani mbaawka rewɓe, kono ina caɗtina mbaawka rewɓe e mbaawkaaji rewɓe e bayyinde ŋakkeende darnde rewɓe e hoore mum, ɗum noon, e miijo Stringer to victim, ina nanndi e ñaawde . [ 11 ]

## Ƴeew kadi

* Haɓde e rewɓe
* Potal rewɓe e worɓe
* Doggol miijooji rewɓe

## Tuugnorgal
We Should All Be Feminists (talk)

**En fof eɗen poti wonde rewɓe** ko yeewtere TED nde Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie waɗi e hitaande 2012 . Nde jeyaa ko e TEDxEuston to Londres, to Angalteer. Haala kaa caggal ɗuum wayliima wonti binndol deftere, ngol innde mum nanndi . E wiyde Adichie, o jaɓii noddaango ngam haalde to Londres e hitaande 2012,  to TEDxEuston, sibu ko miñiiko biyeteeɗo Chuks, gollotonooɗo toon e departemaa ƴellitaare karallaagal e humpito, yuɓɓinta yeewtere jowitiinde e geɗe Afrik, o yiɗiino wallude ɗum.  E nder yeewtere ndee, Adichie teeŋtinii nafoore heɓtude helmere « feministe »  ngam haɓaade miijooji bonɗi jokkondirɗi e mayre ko adii.  O wiyi wonde feminism ina foti wonde ko feewti e yuurnitaade jokkondire tooñanngeeji, ko wayi no no renndo, leñol, jinnaaɗo e jokkondiral jogori battinde e potal fartaŋŋeeji e jojjanɗe aadee,   saabaade ŋakkeende jinnaaɓe e nder winndere ndee to bannge jaŋde, njoɓdi e doole. 

## Tuugnorgal

*
Women Wage Peace

**Rewɓe ina njoɓa jam** ( **WWP** ; Hebrew     ; Arabic   ) ko dillere jam Israayiil, sosaande ko juuti caggal wolde Gaza e hitaande 2014. Faandaare mayre adannde ko haɗde hareeji garooji e ƴellitde feere nde aldaa e fitinaaji, teddunde, e jaɓgol hakkunde Israayiil e Palestiin, tawa ina tawtoree rewɓe ummoriiɓe e dille politik ceertuɗe e reerounduuji kala.  

## Fuɗɗam
So tawii ko rewɓe Israayiilnaaɓe puɗɗii ɗum, ina heen daraniiɗo jam biyeteeɗo Vivian Silver,  dillere ndee golliima ngam mahde jokkondiral e rewɓe Palestiinnaaɓe, kadi ina yettoo rewɓe e worɓe diiwanuuji goɗɗi keewɗi e diineeji.   Nde ummorii ko e dille rewɓe nannduɗe e ɗeen to Irlannda worgo e Liberiyaa, ɗo rewɓe diineeji ceertuɗi kawri ngam wallitde safrude luural bonngal.   Ilmu nguu kadi ummorii ko e dillere Four Mothers, sosaande e hitaande 1997, nde addani Israayiil yaltude konu mum e Liban worgo .  Ngam kalaaji lomtotooɗi dille ɗee, daneejo suɓaama ngam hollirde jam e turki, jillondiral bulo e ɓaleejo, ngam hollirde banngeeji Israayiil e Palestiin fof. 

Dillere ndee ina jogii tuugnorgal mum e paandaale ɗiɗi mawɗe : 

# Ngam hirjinde kaaldigal jam hakkunde Isra'iil e laamu Palestiin
# Ngam ɗaɓɓude ɗowgol kuulal 1325 ngal Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe « tabitini darnde rewɓe teeŋtunde e haɓaade e ñawndude luure ».

## Tergal
Haa lewru mee 2017, Women Wage Peace ina joginoo ko ina ɓura 20 000 tergal e wallidiiɓe.  Ina waɗi 45 000 tergal Israayiil gila 2023. 

## Aandinol
Rewɓe Wage Peace wondude e Rewɓe Naange e EcoPeace cuɓaama ngam heɓde njeenaari Nobel jam 2024, ko annduɓe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Amsterdam, sabu darnde maɓɓe ngam mahde jam hakkunde Israayiilnaaɓe e Palestiinnaaɓe.  Yanti heen, Yael Admi, coftuɗo WWP e hooreejo mum, suɓaama e nder rewɓe TIME 2024 ɓurɓe waawde hitaande ndee . 

## Kuɗe

### Seppooji e kewuuji
E hitaande 2014, Women Wage Peace yuɓɓinii yah-ngartaa laana ndiwoowa feewde Sderot e hitaande 2014, tawi ina tawtoree ujunere debbo ɓoorniiɗo comci daneeji, maande jam.   Hitaande rewtunde ndee e lewru marse 2015 hade woote gardagol leydi Israayiil, terɗe fedde nde ceppii e saraaji galle parlemaa Israayiil to Yerusalaam, ina ɗaɓɓi nde politikaaji ɗii ɓeydata teeŋtinde kaaldigal jam e nder jeewte woote gardagol leydi. 

E nder ndunngu 2015, koorka denndaangal yuɓɓinaama to yaasi galle gardiiɗo jaagorɗe leydi Israayiil, hono Benjamin Netanyahu, tawi koorka maɓɓe balɗe 50, **koorka ngam hawrude e hitaande ɓennunde ndee, koorka Operation Protective** Edge to Gaza e hitaande ɓennunde ndee.   Ko ina tolnoo e 300 debbo e gorko tawtoraama, tawtoraama seppo ngoo e nder balɗe.  E fuɗɗoode lewru suwee, yontere caggal nde seppo heege joofi, terɗe nayi e nder fedde nde noddaama e batu kuuɓtodinngu e Netanyahu ngam yeewtidde e maɓɓe ngam hesɗitinde kaaldigal jam e Palestiin. 

## Tuugnorgal
Purificación Angue Ondo

**Purificación Angue Ondo Avomo** (jibinaa ko 30 abriil 1945) ko dipolomaat Ekuwatogine, gonnooɗo jaagorgal geɗe rewɓe e sukaaɓe. O woniino ammbasadeer e leyɗeele keewɗe, ina jeyaa heen Kameruun, Caad, Amerik, e Espaañ. E nder nguurndam makko ngam daranaade hakkeeji rewɓe e sukaaɓe, o waɗii batte keewɗe e nder politik e wallitde potal rewɓe e worɓe. O joginoo "darnde teeŋtunde e ƴellitde darnde rewɓe e nder keeri leydi makko e nder leydi makko".     

## Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol
Purificación Angue Ondo jibinaa ko ñalnde 30 abriil 1945 to Mongomo . O heɓi bak makko ko jannginoowo seedantaagal dowla to laamu Espaañ e hitaande 1964, nde Gine Ekuwator e jamaanu koloñaal. Ñalnde 15 oktoobar 1968, o toɗɗaa e ministeer geɗe caggal leydi.  

## Torlaaji politik e eggol
Caggal nde Gine Ekuwator heɓi jeytaare mum e hitaande 1968, Angue Ondo heɓi caɗeele politik tiiɗɗe e laamu hooreejo leydi ndii , hono Francisco Macías Nguema . Sabu jaŋde makko e nder duɗe toowɗe, e daranaade hakkeeji rewɓe, e jokkondiral makko e yimɓe iwdi Orop, o wonti ƴaañoowo e nder njuɓɓudi laamu. O fotnoo nanngeede ko heewi, tuggi ñalnde 5 desaambar 1968, sabu darnde makko e wonde debbo jannguɗo, jeyaaɗo e hoore mum, wonaa sabu kala golle bonɗe. O dogi o fayi Gabon ñalnde 30 desaambar 1973, kanko e sukaaɓe makko njeegomo ngam daɗde e tooñanngeeji goɗɗi, o wuuri e eggude haa hitaande 1980. E nder sahaa mo o woni to Gabon, o jannginii ɗemngal Españool to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Notre-Dame de Quaben to Libreville e to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Angalteer ɗiɗaɓal to Libreville. E waylo-waylo laamu ñalnde 3 ut 1979, o arti Gine Ekuwator e hitaande 1980, o fuɗɗii golle e ministeer jaŋde hade makko naatde e dingiral politik.   

## Golle politik
Tuggi 1981 haa 1992, Angue Ondo ina joginoo golle maantiniiɗe e nder laamu nguu, ina jeyaa heen cukko jaagorgal, caggal ɗuum jaagorgal geɗe rewɓe e sukaaɓe. O woni ko e ƴellitde hakkeeji gollotooɓe e potal rewɓe e worɓe, wallitde sosde politikaaji moƴƴinooji wellitaare rewɓe e sukaaɓe.  

E hitaande 1990, o sosi ABIFAGE, fedde nde wonaa laamuyankoore, nde wallitta wellitaare ɓesngu. O gollodiima e fedde Japonnaare nde wonaa laamuyankoore ngam sosde duɗe e nokkuuji ɗi ngalaa ɗo kaaɗi, teeŋtini jaŋde e ƴellitaare renndo.   

## Tuugnorgal
Diaryatou Bah

**Diaryatou Bah** (jibinaa ko 1985) ko daraniiɗo haɓaade rewɓe e diineeji, ummoriiɗo Gine.

Ko kanko woni to Farayse, ko kanko sosi fedde *wiyeteende Espoirs et Combats des femmes* (« Yaakaare e hareeji rewɓe »), luulndiinde ƴaañgol rewɓe e warngooji baɗeteeɗi e rewɓe . O gollodiima kadi e pelle biyeteeɗe *Excision, parlons-en !* ("Eksiyoŋ, kaalden heen!") e *Ni Putes Ni Soumises* (Wonaa jommbaajo, wonaa jommbaajo).

E hitaande 2018, o heɓi njeenaari *Elles de France* ngam cuusal, ngam mawninde golle makko e haɓaade mborosaaji rewɓe.

## Nguurndam gadano
Diaryatou Bah jibinaa ko leydi Gine e hitaande 1985. O jeyaa ko e galle mawɗo, ɓiɗɗo 32, ɓiy baaba keewɗo rewɓe e rewɓe nayo.  O waɗi cukaagu makko ko e wuro tokooso wiyeteengo Sakilé, neene makko mawni ɗum e nder renndo rewɓe haa o heɓi duuɓi 10.  

O yahrata ko e duuɓi 8 nde o waɗtaa e hitaande 1993.  Nde neene makko sankii, Bah arti e baaba makko e jom suudu makko tato woɗɓe to Konakri .  Nde o heɓi duuɓi 13, o dogi o resi gorko gooto jahroowo e duuɓi 45, hoɗnooɗo to Amsterdam, ko ɗuum waɗi o yalti Gine ngam hoɗde e jom suudu makko to Orop.   Ko o ƴaañiiɗo e dewgal e mbaydiiji goɗɗi, o dañii ɓiɗɓe tati (o heɓi reedu ko adii nde o yahrata e duuɓi 14). Ɓeeɗoo ɗiɗo ngummii ko e diiwaan Pari e hitaande 2003, tawi wiisa makko turisma gasii, o acci e yurmeende jom suudu makko.    Kono nde o woni e yahde Afrik ngam yiyloyaade debbo makko goɗɗo, o ndaari teleeji ina hollita seedantaagal debbo daɗnooɗo dewgal doole. Ɗum addani mo ɗaɓɓude ballal to galle laamorɗo Les Lilas, ɗo o hoɗi ɗoo. 

## Golle
Nde o heɓi duuɓi 20, o anndi no feewi nafoore ƴettugol makko, e hitaande 2006 o yaltini deftere makko wiyeteende *On m'a volé mon enfance* ("Mi wujjaama e cukaagu am").  E siftinde seedantaagal debbo oo addani mo dogde e dewgal makko doole, Bah fellitii yiɗde renndinde seedantaagal mum. 

Ko ndeen hitaande kadi o sosi fedde makko wiyeteende *Espoirs et Combats des femmes* (« Yaakaare rewɓe e hareeji »). Faandaare maggal ko haɓaade warngooji baɗeteeɗi e rewɓe e warngooji baɗeteeɗi e rewɓe.  Bah wiyi wonde hello Facebook fedde nde ina heɓa mesasuuji keewɗi ummoraade e sukaaɓe rewɓe Afriknaaɓe nannduɓe e daartol makko e naamnaade wasiyaaji.  E oon sahaa gooto, Bah wonti jannginoowo e nder nokku ɗo renndo ngoo jokkondirta e fedde nde wonaa laamuyankoore Aurore [ fr ], golloowo e nder kasooji, teeŋti noon e Fleury-Mérogis, ngam jannginde kasooji ɗii ko fayti e bonanndeeji baɗeteeɗi e rewɓe. 

## Tuugnorgal
Dadji Rahamata Ahmat Mahamat

**Dadji Rahamata Ahmat Mahamat** ko daraniiɗo haɓaade rewɓe e leydi Caad . Ko kanko woni gardiiɗo biro CAMOJET, woni *Fedde Feddeeji e Dille Jeunes du Tchad* (Fedde dille e pelle sukaaɓe e nder leydi Caad).

## Nguurndam gadano
Ko o ɓiy Ahmat Dadji, gonnooɗo hooreejo fedde suukara njulaagu Caad (SONASUT), kadi hooreejo leñol Hadjeraï . 

O yi’aani baaba makko gila omo yahra e duuɓi ɗiɗi.   Ñalnde 28 mee 1987, baaba makko e miñiraaɓe makko ɗiɗo mawɓe, e nder duuɓi 20 e 17, nanngaa, worɓe ɓe mbiyata ko hooreejo leydi Caad, hono Hissène Habré , neldi ɓe.  

Gila ndeen, kanko e ɓesngu makko ɓe mbaɗii kampaañ ngam humpitaade ko kewi e baaba makko, ɗum noon addani mo waɗde golle ɓurɗe heewde. 

## Kugal
O golliima e pelle e feddeeji keewɗi e nder leydi Caad, o naati e CAMOJET e hitaande 2010. 

Ko kanko woni conseillère du bureau (gardiiɗo biro) Fedde Feddeeji e Dille Jeunes du Tchad (Fedde dille e pelle sukaaɓe to Caad), CAMOJET, "fedde sukaaɓe gollotooɓe e jojjanɗe aadee", jooɗiinde to laamorgo leydi ndii, hono N'Jamena .   

Ñalnde 6 feebariyee 2015, Dadji nanngaa, kono o woppitaa caggal ñalnde heen e sarɗi wonde o haaldataa e jaayɗe ko fayti e nanngugol makko.   Ɗoon e ɗoon o haali, o nanngaa kadi, o woppitaa kanko e 22 seppooɓe woɗɓe ɓe o ñaawaaka ñalnde 8 feebariyee, o yamiri yo o haaldu kadi e jaayɗe, so wonaa tawa o yiɗii "bonnude nguurndam makko". 

Dadji wiyi "mi ƴattaama, mi hulɓinaama, mi hulɓinaama kono mi daroto." 

## Nguurndam neɗɗo
Dadji ina hoɗi e laamorgo leydi Caad, hono N'Jamena . 

## Tuugnorgal
Naminata Diabate

**Naminata Diabate** ko ganndo, binndoowo, kadi ko porfeseer gardiiɗo binndol nannditiiɗo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Cornell .  Golle makko hakkunde fannuuji ina njahdi e jaŋde Afrik e Afrik diaspora, jaŋde jinnaaɓe e jokkondire, biopolitik, e pinal yiyteende .  O anndaa ko e wiɗtooji makko ko faati e agence embodied, protest, e politik nudity e nder ngonkaaji Afrik.  

Diabate ko binnduɗo deftere *Naked Agency: Kuugal Genital e Biopolitique e nder Afrik*, o siforaama wonde omo jogii humpito e ɗemɗe Malinké, Farayse, Engele, Nouchi, Españool, e Latin, humpitiiɗo ganndal makko nannditngal e ganndal hakkunde leyɗeele.    

## Jaangirde
Diabate heɓi dipolom mum ko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Cocody to Abijaan, Kodduwaar .  Caggal ɗuum o timmini jaŋde makko MA e Ph.D. e nder binndol nannditinngol to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Texas to Austin, e nder jaŋdeeji Afriknaaɓe e jaŋdeeji rewɓe e worɓe . 

## Golle jaŋde
Diabate ko jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Cornell, ɗo o jokkondiri e departemaaji e porogaraamuuji keewɗi, ina jeyaa heen, Jannde rewɓe, jinnaaɓe, e jokkondiral (FGSS), nokku jannde e wiɗto Afrik (ASRC), binndanɗe e ɗemngal Engele, jannde njimri, jannde lesbiyanke, gay, bisexuel, e janngirde naalankaagal e transge.  

O waɗii Fedde Robert e Helen Appel ngam annduɓe neɗɗankaagal e annduɓe renndo to Cornell e hitaande 2020, ngam anndude ɓural makko e janngingol e fodoore ganndal. 

## Ñaawoore Agency Naked
Deftere Diabate wiyeteende *Naked Agency: Kuugal génital e biopolitique e nder Afrik*, ina anndaa sabu mum ƴellitde miijo rewɓe Afrik e politik seppooji. Golle ɗee ina njuurnitoo no golle njurum-ndeeraagu e njurum-ndeeraagu (cursing genital) kuutortoo, ko wayi no peeje kuuɓtodinɗe ngam haɓaade, haa teeŋti noon e nder rewɓe, tawa ina tuugnii e geɗe ruuhuyaŋkooje ɓiɗɓe leydi e nder ngonkaaji Afrik.  

Rewindaade jaaynde wiyeteende *Feminist Africa* yettii Diabate « janngugol mum laaɓtungol e seppo rewɓe » e mbaawka mum « rewrude e mbaydi mbaylaandi (nudité) no nokku laamu nii, wonaa no ŋakkere nii ».  Yiyngo ngoo hollitii tiiɗnaare deftere ndee e nder fannuuji keewɗi, tawa ina hawra e ƴeewndo binndol, e miijo politik, e jaŋde pinal.

*Naked Agency* hollitaama ko darnde mawnde e ganndal rewɓe Afriknaaɓe e jaŋde biopolitik, rokki mbaydiiji kesi ngam faamde seppo, ɓamtaare, e doole.   Naked Agency heɓi kadi njeenaari deftere ɓurnde moƴƴude nde Fedde Jannde Afrik (2021) e njeenaari Deftere Adannde Fedde Binndol Afrik e hitaande 2022, ko ɗum tabitini batte mum to bannge ganndal.   

## Tuugnorgal
Fatou Djibo

**Fatou Djibo** (27 abriil 1927 - 6 abriil 2016) ko daraniiɗo hakkeeji rewɓe, daraniiɗo hakkeeji rewɓe, jannginoowo e senndikaa . Ko kanko wonnoo hooreejo fedde wiyeteende Union des Femmes du Niger, kadi ko kanko woni debbo gadano ummoriiɗo Niiseer yahde e oto. 

## Nguurndam
Jibinaa ko Fadima Hassane Diallo ñalnde 27 abriil 1927, baaba mum Djibo ko Chief Djagourou, laamɗo aada mo njuɓɓudi koloñaal Farayse toɗɗii hooreejo diiwaan Téra ɗo o jibinaa ɗoo. E nder taaɓal ngal meeɗaa waɗde e oon sahaa, o neldi ɓiyiiko debbo, nde o heɓi duuɓi jeeɗiɗi, to duɗal leslesal kesal udditaangal to Téra, ɗum noon ko gooto e sukaaɓe rewɓe Naajeeriya artuɓe yahde duɗal. O jokki jaŋde makko to duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde toowngal to laamorgo leydi Niamey, o joofni to duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde jannginooɓe École normal de Rufisque to Senegaal. O heɓi bak makko e hitaande 1946. E ndeen hitaande o resi jannginoowo biyeteeɗo Djibo Yacouba mo o dañi ɓiɓɓe njeetato. 

Tuggi 1946 haa 1966, Djibo golliima e duɗe leslese, e fuɗɗoode ko to Fada N’Gourma, caggal ɗuum to Maradi, Zinder, Tillaberi e Niamey . E hitaande 1954 ko kanko woni sofereeɓe debbo gadano e leydi Niiseer.  Djibo sosi fedde rewɓe wiyeteende UFN ñalnde 7 marse 1959, nde o ardii duuɓi keewɗi.  E hitaande 1962 o ardii delegaasiyoŋ ummoriiɗo e senngo ngoo fayde Kayhayɗi. 

E nder Republique gadano (1960–1974) ko kanko woni yeeso renndo ngam haɓaade caɗeele rewɓe e nder leydi Niiseer. O hollitii wonde ƴellitaare leydi waawataa timmude tawa ko e ndimaagu rewɓe, tee ina foti dartinde majjere e hujjaaji rewɓe e sariyaaji potɗi. E oon sahaa gooto o yi’i golle gadane debbo Niiseer ko jannginoowo ɓiɓɓe leydi janngo.  E hitaande 1969 Djibo rewi e jom suudu mum haa Bruxelles nde o toɗɗaa ammbasadeer. &#x5B; ** &#x5D; Caggal maayde makko e hitaande 1968 o arti Niiseer, o woni toon keso duɗal Lycée Kassaï to Niamey.  E hitaande 1971, o woniino kadi cukko hooreejo kaalis Senndikaa Senndikaaji Gollotooɓe Niiseer .  E hitaande 1978 o yetti URSS e dow laabi ngam dokkal leɗɗe e kaɓirɗe safaara to Croix-Rouge Niger.  E hitaande 1979 o tawtoraama batu hakkunde leyɗeele ko faati e rewɓe e ardorde. 

Jibo woppi golle mum e hitaande 1983, o jokki e wallitde senndikaaji, Croix-Rouge e pelle goɗɗe.  O sankii ko to Niamey ñalnde 6 abriil 2016. 

## Tuugnorgal
Chmba

**Chmba Ellen Chilemba** (jibinaa ko ñalnde 25 marse 1994), ganndiraaɗo Chmba, ko jom ngalu renndo Malawi, ko DJ, ko peewnoowo jimɗi.  Ko kanko sosi Tiwale, fedde nde sukaaɓe ardii, tawaande e nder leydi Malawi, nde wallitata rewɓe e worɓe tokosɓe e nder jaŋde, e heblo golle, e njulaagu. 

## Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol
Chilemba jibinaa ko to wuro wiyeteengo Blantire, to leydi Malawi, o mawni ko to wuro wiyeteengo Lilongwe.  O heɓi bak makko e hitaande 2010 to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ardorde Afrik to Afrik worgo.  Caggal ɗuum o naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Mount Holyoke, o heɓi bakkaa makko e faggudu e naalankaagal e nder suudu.  E nder duuɓi 15, Chilemba seediima sehil mum ɓadiiɗo ina doga e dewgal, ɗum noon o siftinii ɗum ko huunde nde o heɓi e mbaydi teskinndi, wonti huunde tiiɗnde e golle makko caggal ɗuum e nder jaŋde e ƴellitaare renndo. . 

## Kugal
E hitaande 2012, Chilemba sosi Tiwale, fedde renndoyankoore nde sukaaɓe ardii, nde daranii ko moƴƴinde jaŋde e kaɓirɗe faggudu wonande rewɓe e sukaaɓe tokosɓe.  Innde “Tiwale” firti ko “njaltin” e ɗemngal Chichewa.  Fedde nde fuɗɗii ko e sahaa nde dewgal sukaaɓe ina laawɗinaa haa jooni e nder leydi Malawi. 

Tiwale ina rokka porogaraamuuji ko wayi no golle njulaagu e diisnondiral, janngirɗe golle (yeru, diisnondiral moodel, sewnde, tie‐dye), e janngirɗe e karallaagal jimɗi, binndol dijital, e STEM.  Ina rokka kadi dokke jaŋde, ekkolaaji, jokkondire e defterdu, e golle cellal lewru e hakkille.  Fedde nde ina gollodii e Ministeer Cellal leydi Malawi ngam rokkude jaŋde cellal ɓalliwal e renndinde geɗe cellal. 

Haa hitaande 2021, Tiwale wallitii ko ɓuri 367 debbo e sukaaɓe rewɓe.  Porogaraam mum mikroo-loan yi'i 100% yoɓde e nder 40 tawtoraaɓe adanɓe, heewɓe e maɓɓe puɗɗii golle mum en.  E nder dumunna mboros COVID‐19, Tiwale renndini ko ina tolnoo e 26 000 masiŋ, o yettii ko ina tolnoo e 20 000 sukaaɓe e kampaañuuji humpito.  Wallitooɓe ina njeyaa heen: Fedde Headley Trust, Fedde Frida, Fedde Waylooji Aduna, e Fedde Shawn. 

Chilemba inniraama Ardiiɗo Sukaaɓe Duuniyaaru nder hitaande 2013 diga Fooyre We Are Family nden o ɗon nder limngal *yimɓe New York* .  E hitaande 2015, o naati e doggol « 30 les 30 » jaaynde Forbes Afrik, o heɓi kadi njeenaari Powell gardiiɗo yeru.  O woniino kadi ƴamoowo njeenaaje sukaaɓe Commonwealth 2015. 

E hitaande 2016, o heɓi njeenaari neɗɗankaagal ummoraade e fedde wiyeteende We Are Family.  E hitaande 2017, o innitiraa ko debbo ɓurɗo waawde jaŋde e nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Glamour Magazine.  O woniino Gooliiɗo e Fooyre Gates, o woniino daraniiɗo sukaaɓe ɓiɓɓe leydi winndere, o woniino ammbasadeer sukaaɓe winndereyankoore gooto, e o heɓi njeenaari Ashoka Future Forward.  E hitaande 2021, o innitiraa ko Kofi Annan waylo-waylo, o heɓi njeenaari aawdi ummoraade e kaalis Prince Claus.  O wonii hannde gardiiɗo fedde sukaaɓe to yeeso e nder fedde wiyeteende We Are Family. 

## Tuugnorgal