Nigeriako Gerra Zibila

**Nigeriako Gerra Zibila** - arruntean **Biafrako Gerra** deitua - 1967ko uztailaren 7tik 1970eko urtarrilaren 15era artean Nigeriako gobernua eta Biafrako estatu sezesionista artean izandako gatazkari ematen zaion izena da. Biafra igbo herriaren aldarrikapen nazionalista izan zen, iparraldetik zuzendutako gobernu federalak zapalduta zegoena. Nigeriaren deskolonizazioak 1960 eta 1963 artean eragindako tirabira politiko, ekonomiko, etniko, kultural eta erlijiosoek gatazka sortu zuten baina 1966ko estatu-kolpeak, kontraerasoak eta iparraldeko Nigerian bizi ziren igboen aurkako pogromak zuzeneko txinpartak izan ziren. Gainera Nigerren deltako petrolio ustiapenak garrantzi estrategikoa izan zuen.

Handik urtebetera, gobernu federalak Biafra inguratu, petrolioaren azpiegituraz arduratu eta Port Harcourt hiria hartu zuen. Blokeoak gosetea eragin zuen eta, gerran zehar, 100.000 militar hiltzeaz gain 500.000 eta 2 milioi arteko briafar zibil ere gosez hil ziren.

1968. urterako, elikatu gabeko briafar irudiak mendebaldeko hedabideetan zabaldu eta *cause célèbre* bilakatu zen, gobernuz kanpoko erakundeek emari asko lortuz. Erresuma Batuak eta Sobietar Batasunak Lagosko gobernua babestu zuten; Frantziak, Israelek eta beste herrialdeek, berriz, Biafraren alde egin zuten. Egungo Nigeriak oraindik gerraren ondorioak pairatzen ditu. 

## Erreferentziak 
## Bibliografia 
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* Zumbach, Jan. On Wings of War: My Life as a Pilot Adventurer.

## Kanpo estekak