Louis Gifford

**Louis Gifford** (1953ko urtarrilaren 1a - 2014ko otsailaren 9a) fisioterapeuta ingelesa izan zen, min kronikoaren tratamenduari heltzeko ikuspegi-berrikuntzarengatik nabarmendu zena.

## Fisioterapian hastapenak 
thumb|Swanpool: Gifforden bizitzako erdigunea, eta operazio-basea.
Gifforden guraso biak fisioterapeutak ziren; 1971ean Falmouth Physiotherapy Clinic zentrua ireki zuten, Falmouth herriko Swanpool auzoan. Louisek, baina, zoologia ikasi zuen. 1980ko hamarkada hasieran hasi zen fisioterapia ikasten. Bere aita -1940-50 hamarkadetan formatua, osteopatia eta *bonesetter* giroetan- oso ona omen zen esku terapian eta pazientearekiko komunikazioan, baina Louisek karrera amaitu baino lehen hil zen, 59 urterekin.

Louisen lehen lana Londreseko St Stephen's ospitalean izan zen. Muskulu-eskeletu arazoetan interesaturik, Robin McKenzie Zeelanda Berriko fisioterapeutarekin formazioak egin zituen, eta 1985ean Philippa Tindle emaztearekin -hau ere fisioterapeuta- Australiara jo zuen: Halere, lan egiteko modu honetan pasibotasun gehiegi, eta pazientearen inplikazio aktibo gutxiegi aurkituko zuen.

1994an, CSP-ren baitan (*Chartered Society of Physiotherapy*, EBko elkarte profesional eta sindikal nagusia) Gifford *Physiotherapy Pain Association* azpielkartearen sortzaileetako bat ere izan zen.

1997an organismo helduaren eredua (*mature organism model*) garatu zuen, fisioterapia arloan eragin handia izan duen kontzeptua, neurobiologia eta fisioterapia uztartuz.

## Gaixotasuna eta azken urteak 
thumb|Gifforden herriko kale bat
2007an prostata-minbizia diagnostikatu zioten; lanean, forma fisikoa mantenduz eta ikuspegi positiboarekin jarraituz, iragarri baino biziraupen nabarmen luzeagoa lortu zuen.

Bere paziente gehienek ez zuten Giffordek mundu mailako fisioterapian izandako garrantziaren berririk izan; haientzat Swanpooleko fisioterapeuta zen, besterik gabe. Bera hil eta gero fisioterapia zentruak martxan jarraitu du, ===

* Gifford, L S  (1987). “Circadian variation in human flexibility and grip strength”, Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, **33,** 1, 3-9.
* Butler, D S and Gifford, L S   (1989)  “Adverse Mechanical Tension in the Nervous System – Part 1, Testing for dural tension”, Physiotherapy  75, 622-629
* Butler, D S and Gifford, L S   (1989)  “Adverse Mechanical Tension in the Nervous System – Part 2, Examination and Treatment”, Physiotherapy  75, 629-636
* Gifford, L S  (1993)  Examining and treating signs of neural tension.  In Touch: The Journal of the Organisation of Chartered Physiotherapists in Private Practice, 68: 16-24
* Gifford L S and Gifford M J  1994  Connective Tissue Massage, In Pain Management in Physiotherapy 2nd Ed , Bowsher Frampton and Wells (Eds). Blackwell Scientific London
* Gifford, L S (1995). “The influence of circadian variation on spinal examination”, In: Boyling, J and Palastanga, N (eds) Grieve’sModern Manual Therapy, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh
* Gifford, L S  1995  Pain mechanisms and their recognition for physiotherapy – a new approach for the late 1990’s.  Swiss Journal of Physiotherapy: June 1995: 4-16.
* Gifford, L S 1995  Fluid movement may partially account for the behaviour of symptoms associated with nociception in disc injury and disease.  In: Shacklock, M O (ed) Moving in on Pain.  Butterworth-Heinemann, Australia.
* Gifford L S 1997 Neurodynamics. In: Pitt-Brooke (ed) Rehabilitation of Movement:  Theoretical bases of clinical practice  Saunders, London 159-195
* Gifford L S 1997 Pain. In: Pitt-Brooke (ed) Rehabilitation of Movement:  Theoretical bases of clinical practice  Saunders, London 196-232
* Gifford L S, Butler D S 1997 The integration of pain sciences into clinical practice. Hand Therapy 10(2): 86-95
* Gifford L S, Butler D B 1998 Integrering av smertevitenskap i klinisk praksis. Fysioterapeuten nr 9 August: 10-20
* Gifford L S 1998 Pain, the tissues and the nervous system: A conceptual model. Physiotherapy 84(1): 27-36
* Gifford L S 1998 Acute low cervical nerve root conditions: Symptoms, symptom behaviour and physical screening. In Touch  The Journal of the Organisation of Chartered Physiotherapists in Private Practice Winter issue No. 85: 4-19
* Gifford L S 1998 The mature organism model. In: Gifford L S (ed) Topical Issues in Pain.  Whiplash – science and management.  Fear-avoidance beliefs and behaviour.  CNS Press, Falmouth 45-56
* Gifford L S 1998 Central mechanisms. In: Gifford L S (ed) Topical Issues in Pain 1.  Whiplash – science and management.  Fear-avoidance beliefs and behaviour.  CNS Press, Falmouth 67-80
* Gifford L S 1998 Output mechanisms. In: Gifford L S (ed) Topical Issues in Pain 1.  Whiplash – science and management.  Fear-avoidance beliefs and behaviour.  CNS Press, Falmouth 81-91
* Gifford L S 1998 Tissue and input related mechanisms. In: Gifford L S (ed) Topical Issues in Pain 1.  Whiplash – science and management.  Fear-avoidance beliefs and behaviour.  CNS Press, Falmouth 57-65
* Gifford L S 1998 ‘Pain memory’ In Touch  The Journal of the Organisation of Chartered Physiotherapists in Private Practice Autumn issue.
* Gifford L S 1999 A medico-legal report to a solicitor. Manual Therapy 4(4): 229-235
* Gifford, LS 2000  Schmerzphysiologie. In: Van den Berg, F (Ed) Angewandte Physiologie 2, Organsysteme verstehen und beeinflussen. Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 467-518
* Gifford L S 2000 The patient in front of us: from genes to environment. In: Gifford L S (ed) Topical Issues in Pain 2.  Biopsychosocial assessment and management. Relationships and pain  CNS Press, Falmouth
* Gifford LS 2001 Editorial: Criticism, is it destructive or productive?  Physiotherapy Pain Association News: Issue 11, May, p3-5.
* Gifford LS 2001 Editorial: A plea for descriptive research – part 1  Physiotherapy Pain Association News: Issue 12, December, p3-5.
* Gifford L S 2001 Acute low cervical nerve root conditions –  symptom presentations and pathobiological reasoning.  Manual Therapy 6 (2) 106-115
* Gifford LS 2002 Editorial: Quite a pill eh?  Physiotherapy Pain Association News: Issue 13, May, p3-4.
* Gifford L S 2001 Perspectives on the biopsychosocial model – part 1:  Some issues that need to be accepted?  In Touch, The Journal of the Organisation of Chartered Physiotherapists in Private Practice.  Autumn, No 97
* Gifford L S 2002 Perspectives on the biopsychosocial model part 2:  The shopping basket approach. In Touch, The Journal of the Organisation of Chartered Physiotherapists in Private Practice Spring issue No 99: 11-22
* Gifford LS 2002 Editorial: Therapist and patient fear of bending:  Does the McKenzie approach – need a shift?  Physiotherapy Pain Association News: Issue 14, May, p3-8.
* Gifford LS 2002   Memes, dreams and dualism… the flexion-extension debate and beyond.   Physiotherapy Pain Association News: Issue 15, May, p14-20.
* Gifford L S 2003 Perspectives on the biopsychosocial model part 3:  Patient example – using the shopping basket approach and graded exposure. In Touch, The Journal of the Organisation of Chartered Physiotherapists in Private Practice Spring issue No 102: 3-15
* Jones M A,  Edwards I, Gifford L S 2002 Conceptual models for implementing biopsychosocial theory in Clinical Practice. Manual Therapy 7(1): 2-9
* Gifford L S 2002 An Introduction to evolutionary reasoning: –  Diet, discs and the placebo. In: Gifford L S (ed) Topical Issues in Pain 4.  Placebo and nocebo. Pain management. Muscles and pain.  CNS Press, Falmouth
* Gifford L S, Thacker M 2002 A clinical overview of the autonomic nervous system, the supply to the gut and mind-body pathways. In: Gifford L S (ed) Topical Issues in Pain 3.  Sympathetic nervous system and pain. Pain management. Clinical effectiveness  CNS Press, Falmouth 21-52
* Gifford L S, Thacker M 2002 Complex regional pain syndrome: Part 1. In: Gifford L S (ed) Topical Issues in Pain 3.  Sympathetic nervous system and pain. Pain management. Clinical effectiveness  CNS Press, Falmouth 53-74
* Thacker M, Gifford L S 2002 Complex regional pain syndrome: Part 2. In: Gifford L S (ed) Topical Issues in Pain 3.  Sympathetic nervous system and pain. Pain management. Clinical effectiveness  CNS Press, Falmouth 75-102
* Thacker M, Gifford L S 2002 A review of the physiotherapy management of complex regional pain syndrome. In: Gifford L S (ed) Topical Issues in Pain 3.  Sympathetic nervous system and pain. Pain management. Clinical effectiveness  CNS Press, Falmouth 119-142
* Thacker M, Gifford L S 2002 Sympathetically maintained pain: myth or reality? In: Gifford L S (ed) Topical Issues in Pain 3.  Sympathetic nervous system and pain. Pain management. Clinical effectiveness  CNS Press, Falmouth 103-118
* Gifford L S 2003 Behov for helhedstaenkning. Fysioterapeuten Nr 20/November/ 85.argang   (Danish translation of Gifford L S 2000 The patient in front of us: from genes to environment. In: Gifford L S (ed) Topical Issues in Pain 2.  Biopsychosocial assessment and management. Relationships and pain  CNS Press, Falmouth)
* Gifford L S 2004 Unnecessary fear avoidance and physical incapacity in a 55-year-old housewife. In: Jones M & Rivett D (Eds) Clinical Reasoning for Manual Therapists.  Butterworth-Heineman, Edinburgh 61-86
* Gifford L S 2004 Laast sich chronischer Schmerz vergessen?  Manuelletherapie. 8:181-182
* Robson S, Gifford LS 2005  Pain and brain – a revolutionary approach to chronic injury. Peak Performance Issue 221: 1-4
* Robson S, Gifford LS 2005  Pain And Brain –  The Biopsychosocial Method Of Chronic Injury Rehabilitation. Peak Performance, Issue 222:8-11.
* Gifford, LS 2005  Schmerzphysiologie. In: Van den Berg, F (Ed) Angewandte Physiologie 2, Organsysteme verstehen (2nd edn). Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 481-535
* Gifford L S Thacker M and Jones M 2006 Physiotherapy and pain. In: McMahon S, Koltzenburg M.  Wall and Melzack’s Textbook of Pain, 5th Edn pp:603-617
* Robson S, Gifford L S 2006 Manual Therapy in the 21st Century.  In: Gifford L S (Ed), Topical Issues in Pain vol 5, CNS Press, Falmouth 3-34
* Gifford L S 2006  Red and yellow flags and improving treatment outcomes, or: ‘Top down before bottom up!”.  In Touch, Summer 2006 issue no: 115:18-24
* Robson S, Gifford LS 2008  Manual medicine.  In: Breivik H, Campbell WI, Nicholas MK (Eds): Clinical Pain Management (2nd Edn) : Practice and Procedures. Hodder Arnold, London 230-239.

### Liburuak: 
* Gifford L S (ed) 1998 Topical Issues in Pain 1.  Whiplash – science and management.  Fear-avoidance beliefs and behaviour. CNS Press, Falmouth
* Gifford L S (ed) 2000 Topical Issues in Pain 2.  Biopsychosocial assessment. Relationships and pain. CNS Press, Falmouth
* Gifford L S (Ed) 2002 Topical Issues in Pain 3.  Sympathetic nervous system and pain. Pain management. Clinical effectiveness. CNS Press, Falmouth.
* Gifford L S (Ed) 2002 Topical Issues in Pain 4.  Placebo and nocebo.  Pain management. Muscles and pain. CNS Press, Falmouth.
* Gifford L S (Ed) 2006 Topical Issues in Pain 5.  Treatment. Communication. Return to Work. Cognitive-behavioural. Pathophysiology.  CNS Press, Falmouth.
* Gifford, Louis. 2014. Aches and Pains. Autoedizioa.
* Gifford, Louis. 2014. The Nerve Root. Autoedizioa.
* Gifford, Louis. 2014. Graded Exposure. Autoedizioa.

## Erreferentziak 
## Kanpo estekak