Kapuĉparulio

La **Kapuĉa parulio**, *Wilsonia citrina*, estas birdospecio de la familio de Paruliedoj kaj de la genro *Wilsonia* kiu enhavas tri speciojn de birdoj kun flavaj subaj partoj kaj nigraj kapomarkoj.

Ĝi reproduktiĝas en orienta Nordameriko nome en orienta Usono kaj en plej suda Kanado, (Ontario). Ĝi estas migranta specio, kiu vintras en Centrameriko kaj Karibio. La Kapuĉa parulio estas tre rara vaganto en okcidentan Eŭropon.

## Aspekto 
eta|maldekstra|Ino ĉe nesto
La Kapuĉa parulio havas senmarkan **olivverdecbrunan dorson kaj tre flavajn subajn partojn**. La eksteraj vostoplumoj havas blankecajn nuancojn. Maskloj havas **nigran kapuĉon** (kio nomigas la specion) kiu ĉirkaŭas la flavan vizaĝon komponita ĉefe el mallarĝa krono, pli larĝa al nuko kaj ĉe la gorĝareo kaj mallarĝa kolumo; la ino havas olivverdecan kronon kiu ne etendas al la frunto, orelareo aŭ gorĝo. La tre flava vizaĝo kune kun la tre flavaj subaj partoj nomigas la specion en la latina scienca nomo kiel *citrina*, tio estas je la koloro de citronoj. En la flava vizaĝo ege kontrastas la nigra okulo. Maskloj akiras sian kapuĉon je la 9–12 monatoj de aĝo; pli junaj birdoj estas esence identaj al (kaj facile konfuzataj kun) inoj. La kanto estas serio de muzikecaj notoj pli malpli kiel: *ŭita ŭita ŭitjuu* La alvoko de tiuj birdoj estas laŭta *ĉip*. La beko estas grizeca kaj la kruroj rozkolorecaj.

## Kutimoj 
Tiuj nearktisaj birdoj manĝas insektojn, kiuj ofte troviĝas en malalta vegetaĵaro aŭ kaptiĝas dumfluge. La reproduktaj habitatoj de la Kapuĉa parulio estas larĝfoliaj arbaroj kun densa subkreskaĵaro. Tiuj birdoj nestumas en malaltaj areoj de arbustaro; la ino demetas 3-5 ovojn en tasforma nesto. La Kapuĉaj parulioj estas ofte viktimoj de nestoparazitado fare de la Brunkapa molotro, ĉefe kie la arbaraj biotopoj de la Kapuĉa parulio estas fragmentataj.

## Referencoj
## Literaturo
*  Malplej Zorgiga.
*  (1989): Hooded Warbler. *Wilson Bulletin* **10**(5): 70. DjVu plena teksto  PDF plena teksto 
*  (1994): *New World Warblers*. Christopher Helm, London. ISBN 0-7136-3932-6
### Libro 
* Evans Ogden, L. J. and B. J. Stutchbury. 1994. *Hooded Warbler (Wilsonia citrina)*. In *The Birds of North America*, No. 110 (A. Poole and F. Gill, Eds.). Philadelphia: The Academy of Natural Sciences; Washington, D.C.: The American Ornithologists’ Union.

### Informoj 
* Friesen L & Martin D. (2000). *National recovery plan for the Acadian flycatcher, Empidonax virescens, and hooded warbler, Wilsonia citrina*. Canadian Research Index. p. n/a.
* Page AM. (1994). *Status report on the hooded warbler, Wilsonia citrina, in Canada*. Canadian Research Index. p. n/a.

### Tezoj 
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* Evans Ogden LJ. M.Sc. (1994). *Cross-seasonal effects on the breeding strategy of the hooded warbler (Wilsonia citrina)*. York University (Canada), Canada.
* Godard RD. Ph.D. (1991). *Individual recognition by migratory songbirds*. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States—North Carolina.
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* Niven DK. Ph.D. (1996). *A comparison of the ecology and population dynamics of a neotropical migrant landbird, the hooded warbler, in winter and summer*. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States—Illinois.
* Norris DR. M.Sc. (2000). *Behavioral response of male hooded warblers (Wilsonia citrina) to small, isolated forest fragments*. York University (Canada), Canada.
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* Pitcher TE. M.Sc. (1998). *Male parental care and extrapair copulation effort in hooded warblers (Wilsonia citrina)*. York University (Canada), Canada.
* Ramos Olmos MA. Ph.D. (1983). *SEASONAL MOVEMENTS OF BIRD POPULATIONS AT A NEOTROPICAL STUDY SITE IN SOUTHERN VERACRUZ, MEXICO*. University of Minnesota, United States—Minnesota.
* Revels MR. Ph.D. (1997). *Protocalliphora (Diptera: Calliphoridae) parasitism of breeding birds in Arkansas: Ecological relationships and effects on hooded warbler (Wilsonia citrina) breeding biology*. University of Arkansas, United States—Arkansas.
* Rush S. M.Sc. (2003). *The effects of forest fragmentation on post-fledging survival and dispersal of a forest songbird*. York University (Canada), Canada.
* Sargent RA, Jr. Ph.D. (1996). *The nesting ecology of songbirds in the fragmented landscape of South Carolina*. University of Georgia, United States—Georgia.
* Tarof SA. M.Sc. (1996). *Does breeding density and forest fragmentation constrain extra-pair matings and nesting success in hooded warblers (Wilsonia citrina)?*. York University (Canada), Canada.
* Weeks KC. M.S. (2001). *The foraging and nesting ecology of black-throated blue warbler (Dendroica caerulescens) and hooded warbler (Wilsonia citrina) in the southern Appalachians*. North Carolina State University, United States—North Carolina.

### Artikoloj 
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## Eksteraj ligiloj 
*Speciinformaro pri la Kapuĉa parulio  - Laboratorio Cornell de Ornitologio
*Kapuĉa parulio - *Wilsonia citrina*  - USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter
*Informaro pri la Kapuĉa parulio  - Suddakotaj Birdoj kaj Birdumo
*Poŝtmarkoj  (de Kubo, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) kun teritoria mapo
*Filmetoj de Kapuĉa parulio ĉe Internet Bird Collection
*Fotaro de Kapuĉa parulio   VIREO Foto-Alta Rez--(deproksime) 
* Birdosono de Kapuĉa parulio  

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