Leo Strauss

**Leo Strauss** (naskiĝis la , mortis la ) estis german-usona politika filozofo kaj klasikisto kiu specializiĝis en klasika politika filozofio. Li naskiĝis en Germanio de judaj gepatroj kaj poste elmigris el Germanio al Usono. Li faris plej el sia kariero kiel profesoro de politika scienco en la Universitato de Ĉikago, kie li instruis al kelkaj generacioj de studentoj kaj publikigis dekkvin librojn.

Origine edukita en la tradicio de nov-Kantiismo kun Ernst Cassirer kaj enmetita en la verkaro de fenomenologoj Edmund Husserl kaj Martin Heidegger, Strauss poste fokusigis sian esploradon al la grekaj tekstoj de Platono kaj Aristotelo, refarante sian interpretadon tra la mezepokaj islama kaj juda filozofioj kaj kuraĝigante la aplikadon de tiuj ideoj al la nuntempa politika teorio.

## Referencoj 
## Literaturo 
### Publikaĵoj de Leo Strauss 
;Libroj kaj artikoloj
* *Gesammelte Schriften*. Eld. Heinrich Meier. Stuttgart: J. B. Metzler, 1996. Kvar vol. publikigita ĝis nun: Vol. 1, *Die Religionskritik Spinozas und zugehörige Schriften* (rev. ed. 2001); vol. 2, *Philosophie und Gesetz, Frühe Schriften* (1997); Vol. 3, ''Hobbes' politische Wissenschaft und zugehörige Schrifte – Briefe* (2001); Vol. 4, *Politische Philosophie. Studien zum theologisch-politischen Problem* (2010). The full series will also include Vol. 5, *Über Tyrannis* (2013) and Vol. 6, *Gedanken über Machiavelli. Deutsche Erstübersetzung* (2014).
* *Leo Strauss: The Early Writings (1921–1932)*. (Trad. el partoj de *Gesammelte Schriften*). Trad. Michael Zank. Albany: SUNY Press, 2002.
* *Die Religionskritik Spinozas als Grundlage seiner Bibelwissenschaft: Untersuchungen zu Spinozas Theologisch-politischem Traktat*. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1930.
** *Spinoza’s Critique of Religion*. (angla trad. de Elsa M. Sinclair de *Die Religionskritik Spinozas*, 1930.) Kun nova angla enkonduko kaj trad. de la verko de Strauss de 1932 de germana eseo pri Carl Schmitt. New York: Schocken, 1965. Reeldonita sen tiu eseo, Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1997.
* "Anmerkungen zu Carl Schmitt, *Der Begriff des Politischen*". *Archiv für Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialpolitik'' 67, no. 6 (Aŭgusto–Septembro 1932): 732–49.
** "Comments on Carl Schmitt's *Begriff des Politischen*". (angla trad. de Elsa M. Sinclair de "Anmerkungen zu Carl Schmitt", 1932.) 331–51 in ''Spinoza's Critique of Religion*, 1965. Represita en Carl Schmitt, *The Concept of the Political*, eld. kaj trad. George Schwab. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers U Press, 1976.
** "Notes on Carl Schmitt, *The Concept of the Political*". (angla trad. de J. Harvey Lomax of "Anmerkungen zu Carl Schmitt", 1932.) In Heinrich Meier, *Carl Schmitt and Leo Strauss: The Hidden Dialogue*, trad. J. Harvey Lomax. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1995. Represita en Carl Schmitt, *The Concept of the Political*, eld. kaj trad. George Schwab. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1996, 2007.
* *Philosophie und Gesetz: Beiträge zum Verständnis Maimunis und seiner Vorläufer*. Berlin: Schocken, 1935.
** *Philosophy and Law: Essays Toward the Understanding of Maimonides and His Predecessors*. (angla trad. de Fred Baumann de *Philosophie und Gesetz*, 1935.) Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1987.
** *Philosophy and Law: Contributions to the Understanding of Maimonides and His Predecessors*. (angla trad. kun enkond. de Eve Adler de *Philosophie und Gesetz*, 1935.) Albany: SUNY Press, 1995.
* *The Political Philosophy of Hobbes: Its Basis and Its Genesis*. (angla trad. de Elsa M. Sinclair from German manuscript.) Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1936. Reissued with new preface, Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1952.
** *Hobbes' politische Wissenschaft in ihrer Genesis*. (1935 germana originalo de *The Political Philosophy of Hobbes*, 1936.) Neuwied am Rhein: Hermann Luchterhand, 1965.
* "The Spirit of Sparta or the Taste of Xenophon". *Social Research* 6, no. 4 (Winter 1939): 502–36.
* "On German Nihilism" (1999, origine prelego de 1941), *Interpretation'' 26, no. 3 eldonita de David Janssens kaj Daniel Tanguay.
* "Farabi's Plato" *American Academy for Jewish Research*, Louis Ginzberg Jubilee Volume, 1945. 45 pp.
* "On a New Interpretation of Plato’s Political Philosophy". *Social Research* 13, no. 3 (Aŭtuno 1946): 326–67.
* "On the Intention of Rousseau". *Social Research* 14, no. 4 (vintre 1947): 455–87.
* ''On Tyranny: An Interpretation of Xenophon's Hiero*. Enkonduko de Alvin Johnson. New York: Political Science Classics, 1948. Reissued Glencoe, Ill.: The Free Press, 1950.
** *De la tyrannie*. (Franca trad. de *On Tyranny'', 1948, kun "Restatement on Xenophon's *Hiero*" kaj de Alexandre Kojève "Tyranny and Wisdom".) Paris: Librairie Gallimard, 1954.
** *On Tyranny*. (Angla eldono de *De la tyrannie*, 1954.) Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1963.
** *On Tyranny*. (Reviziita kaj etendita eldono de *On Tyranny*, 1963.) Inkludas korespondadon Strauss–Kojève. Eld. Victor Gourevitch kaj Michael S. Roth. New York: The Free Press, 1991.
* "On Collingwood’s Philosophy of History". *Review of Metaphysics* 5, no. 4 (Junio 1952): 559–86.
* *Persecution and the Art of Writing*. Glencoe, Ill.: The Free Press, 1952. Reissued Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1988.
* *Natural Right and History*. (Based on the 1949 Walgrene lectures.) Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1953. Reprinted with new preface, 1971. ISBN 978-0-226-77694-1.
* "Existentialism" (1956), a public lecture on Martin Heidegger's thought, published in *Interpretation*, Spring 1995, Vol.22 No. 3: 303–18.
* *Thoughts on Machiavelli*. Glencoe, Ill.: The Free Press, 1958. Reissued Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1978.
* *What Is Political Philosophy? and Other Studies*. Glencoe, Ill.: The Free Press, 1959. Reissued Chicago: U of Chicago Press, 1988.
* ''On Plato's Symposium'' [1959]. Ed. Seth Benardete. (Edited transcript of 1959 lectures.) Chicago: U of Chicago P, 2001.
* " 'Relativism' ". 135–57 in Helmut Schoeck and James W. Wiggins, eds., *Relativism and the Study of Man*. Princeton: D. Van Nostrand, 1961. Partial reprint, 13–26 in *The Rebirth of Classical Political Rationalism*, 1989.
* *History of Political Philosophy*. Co-editor with Joseph Cropsey. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1963 (1st ed.), 1972 (2nd ed.), 1987 (3rd ed.).
* "The Crisis of Our Time", 41–54, and "The Crisis of Political Philosophy", 91–103, in Howard Spaeth, ed., *The Predicament of Modern Politics*. Detroit: U of Detroit P, 1964.
** "Political Philosophy and the Crisis of Our Time". (Adaptation of the two essays in Howard Spaeth, ed., *The Predicament of Modern Politics*, 1964.) 217–42 in George J. Graham, Jr., and George W. Carey, eds., *The Post-Behavioral Era: Perspectives on Political Science*. New York: David McKay, 1972.
* *The City and Man*. (Based on the 1962 Page-Barbour lectures.) Chicago: Rand McNally, 1964.
* *Socrates and Aristophanes*. New York: Basic Books, 1966. Reissued Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1980.
* *Liberalism Ancient and Modern*. New York: Basic Books, 1968. Reissued with foreword by Allan Bloom, 1989. Reissued Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1995.
* ''Xenophon's Socratic Discourse: An Interpretation of the Oeconomicus*. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1970.
* *Xenophon's Socrates*. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1972.
* *The Argument and the Action of Plato's Laws*. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1975.
* *Political Philosophy: Six Essays by Leo Strauss*. Ed. Hilail Gilden. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1975.
** *An Introduction to Political Philosophy: Ten Essays by Leo Strauss.* (Expanded version of *Political Philosophy: Six Essays by Leo Strauss*, 1975.) Ed. Hilail Gilden. Detroit: Wayne State UP, 1989.
* *Studies in Platonic Political Philosophy*. Introd. by Thomas L. Pangle. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1983.
* *The Rebirth of Classical Political Rationalism: An Introduction to the Thought of Leo Strauss – Essays and Lectures by Leo Strauss*. Ed. Thomas L. Pangle. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1989.
* *Faith and Political Philosophy: the Correspondence Between Leo Strauss and Eric Voegelin, 1934–1964*. Ed. Peter Emberley and Barry Cooper. Introd. by Thomas L. Pangle. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State UP, 1993.
* *Hobbes's Critique of Religion and Related Writings*. Ed. and trans. Gabriel Bartlett and Svetozar Minkov. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 2011. (Trans. of materials first published in the *Gesammelte Schriften*, Vol. 3, including an unfinished manuscript by Leo Strauss of a book on Hobbes, written in 1933–1934, and some shorter related writings.)
* *Leo Strauss on Moses Mendelssohn''. Edited and translated by Martin D. Yaffe. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2012. (Annotated translation of ten introductions written by Strauss to a multi-volume critical edition of Mendelssohn's work.)
* "Exoteric Teaching" (Critical Edition by Hannes Kerber). In *Reorientation: Leo Strauss in the 1930s*. Edited by Martin D. Yaffe and Richard S. Ruderman. New York: Palgrave, 2014, pp.&nbsp;275–86.
* "Lecture Notes for 'Persecution and the Art of Writing'" (Critical Edition by Hannes Kerber). In *Reorientation: Leo Strauss in the 1930s*. Edited by Martin D. Yaffe and Richard S. Ruderman. New York: Palgrave, 2014, pp.&nbsp;293–304.

;Verkoj pri Maimonido kaj juda filozofio
* ''Spinoza's Critique of Religion* (vidu supre, 1930).
* *Philosophy and Law* (vidu supre, 1935).
* "Quelques remarques sur la science politique de Maïmonide et de Farabi". *Revue des Etudes juives* 100 (1936): 1–37.
* "Der Ort der Vorsehungslehre nach der Ansicht Maimunis". *Monatschrift für Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judentums* 81 (1936): 448–56.
* "The Literary Character of The Guide for the Perplexed" [1941]. 38–94 in *Persecution and the Art of Writing*. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1952.
* [1944] "How to Study Medieval Philosophy" [.*Interpretation* 23, no. 3 (Spring 1996): 319–338. Previously published, less annotations and fifth paragraph, as "How to Begin to Study Medieval Philosophy" in Pangle (ed.), *The Rebirth of Classical Political Rationalism*, 1989 (see above).
* [1952]. *Modern Judaism* 1, no. 1 (May 1981): 17–45. Reprinted Chap. 1 (I–II) in *Jewish Philosophy and the Crisis of Modernity*, 1997 (see below).
* [1952]. *Independent Journal of Philosophy* 3 (1979), 111–18. Reprinted Chap. 1 (III) in *Jewish Philosophy and the Crisis of Modernity'', 1997 (see below).
* "Maimonides' Statement on Political Science". *Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research* 22 (1953): 115–30.
* [1957]. ''L'Homme* 21, n° 1 (janvier–mars 1981): 5–20. Reprinted Chap. 8 in *Jewish Philosophy and the Crisis of Modernity*, 1997 (vidu sube).
* "How to Begin to Study The Guide of the Perplexed". In *The Guide of the Perplexed, Volume One*. Trans. Shlomo Pines. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1963.
* [1965] "On the Plan of the Guide of the Perplexed" . *Harry Austryn Wolfson Jubilee''. Volume (Jerusalem: American Academy for Jewish Research), pp.&nbsp;775–91.
* "Notes on Maimonides' Book of Knowledge". 269–83 in *Studies in Mysticism and Religion Presented to G. G. Scholem*. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1967.
* *Jewish Philosophy and the Crisis of Modernity: Essays and Lectures in Modern Jewish Thought*. Ed. Kenneth Hart Green. Albany: SUNY P, 1997.
* *Leo Strauss on Maimonides: The Complete Writings*. Edited by Kenneth Hart Green. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013.

### Verkoj pri Leo Strauss 
* "A Giving of Accounts". In *Jewish Philosophy and the Crisis of Modernity – Essays and Lectures in Modern Jewish Thought*. Ed. Kenneth H. Green. Albany: SUNY Press, 1997.
* Altman, William H. F., *The German Stranger: Leo Strauss and National Socialism*. Lexington Books, 2011
* Benardete, Seth. *Encounters and Reflections: Conversations with Seth Benardete*. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 2002.
* Bloom, Allan. "Leo Strauss". 235–55 in *Giants and Dwarfs: Essays 1960–1990*. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1990.
* Bluhm, Harald. *Die Ordnung der Ordnung : das politische Philosophieren von Leo Strauss*. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 2002.
* Brague, Rémi. "Leo Strauss and Maimonides". 93–114 in ''Leo Strauss's Thought*. Ed. Alan Udoff. Boulder: Lynne Reiner, 1991.
* Brittain, Christopher Craig. "Leo Strauss and Resourceful Odysseus: Rhetorical Violence and the Holy Middle". *Canadian Review of American Studies* 38, no. 1 (2008): 147–63.
* Bruell, Christopher. "A Return to Classical Political Philosophy and the Understanding of the American Founding". *Review of Politics* 53, no. 1 (Winter 1991): 173–86.
* Chivilò, Giampiero and Menon, Marco (eds). Tirannide e filosofia: Con un saggio di Leo Strauss ed un inedito di Gaston Fessard sj. Venezia: Edizioni Ca’ Foscari, 2015. ISBN 978-88-6969-032-7.
* Colen, Jose. Facts and values. London: Plusprint, 2012.
* Deutsch, Kenneth L. and John A. Murley, eds. *Leo Strauss, the Straussians, and the American Regime*. New York: Rowman & Littlefield, 1999. ISBN 978-0-8476-8692-6.
* Drury, Shadia B. *Leo Strauss and the American Right.* London: Palgrave Macmillan, 1999.
* ———. *The Political Ideas of Leo Strauss''. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1988.
* Gottfried, Paul. *Leo Strauss and the Conservative Movement in America: A Critical Appraisal* (Cambridge University Press; 2011)
* Gourevitch, Victor. "Philosophy and Politics I–II". *Review of Metaphysics* 22, nos. 1–2 (September–December 1968): 58–84, 281–328.
* Green, Kenneth. *Jew and Philosopher – The Return to Maimonides in the Jewish Thought of Leo Strauss*. Albany: SUNY Press, 1993.
* Havers, Grant N. *Leo Strauss and Anglo-American Democracy: A Conservative Critique*. DeKalb, IL: Northern Illinois University Press, 2013.
* Holmes, Stephen. *The Anatomy of Antiliberalism*. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1996. ISBN 978-0-674-03185-2.
* Howse, Robert. *Leo Strauss, Man of Peace*, Cambridge University Press, 2014]
* Ivry, Alfred L. "Leo Strauss on Maimonides". 75–91 in *Leo Strauss’s Thought*. Ed. Alan Udoff. Boulder: Lynne Reiner, 1991.
* Janssens, David. ''Between Athens and Jerusalem. Philosophy, Prophecy, and Politics in Leo Strauss's Early Thought''. Albany: SUNY Press, 2008.
* Kartheininger, Markus. "Heterogenität. Politische Philosophie im Frühwerk von Leo Strauss". München: Fink, 2006. ISBN 978-3-7705-4378-6.
* Kartheininger, Markus. "Aristokratisierung des Geistes". In: Kartheininger, Markus/ Hutter, Axel (ed.). "Bildung als Mittel und Selbstzweck". Freiburg: Alber, 2009, pp.&nbsp;157–208. ISBN 978-3-495-48393-0.
* Kerber, Hannes. "Strauss and Schleiermacher. An Introduction to 'Exoteric Teaching". In *Reorientation: Leo Strauss in the 1930s*. Ed. Yaffe/Ruderman. New York: Palgrave, 2014, pp.&nbsp;203–14.
* Kinzel, Till. *Platonische Kulturkritik in Amerika. Studien zu Allan Blooms The Closing of the American Mind*. Berlin: Duncker und Humblot, 2002.
* Kochin, Michael S. "Morality, Nature, and Esotericism in Leo Strauss’s *Persecution and the Art of Writing*". *Review of Politics* 64, no. 2 (Spring 2002): 261–83.
* Lampert, Laurence. *Leo Strauss and Nietzsche*. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1996.
* Macpherson, C. B. "Hobbes’s Bourgeois Man". In *Democratic Theory: Essays in Retrieval*. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1972.
* Major, Rafael (ed.). 'Leo Strauss's Defense of the Philosophic Life: Reading "What is Political Philosophy?"*. University of Chicago Press, 2013. ISBN 978-0-226-92420-5 (cloth)*
* McAllister, Ted V. *Revolt Against Modernity : Leo Strauss, Eric Voegelin & the Search for Postliberal Order*. Lawrence, KS: UP of Kansas. 1996.
* McWilliams, Wilson Carey. "Leo Strauss and the Dignity of American Political Thought". *Review of Politics* 60, no. 2 (Spring 1998): 231–46.
* Meier, Heinrich. *Carl Schmitt and Leo Strauss: The Hidden Dialogue*, Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1995.
* ———. "Editor's Introduction[s]". *Gesammelte Schriften*. Stuttgart: J. B. Metzler, 1996. 3 vols.
* ———. *Leo Strauss and the Theologico-Political Problem*. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2006.
* ———. How Strauss Became Strauss". 363–82 in *Enlightening Revolutions: Essays in Honor of Ralph Lerner*. Ed. Svetozar Minkov. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2006.
* Melzer, Arthur. "Esotericism and the Critique of Historicism". *American Political Science Review* 100 (2006): 279–95.
* Minowitz, Peter. "Machiavellianism Come of Age? Leo Strauss on Modernity and Economics". *The Political Science Reviewer* 22 (1993): 157–97.
* ———. *Straussophobia: Defending Leo Strauss and Straussians against Shadia Drury and Other Accusers*. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2009.
* Momigliano, Arnaldo. "Hermeneutics and Classical Political Thought in Leo Strauss", 178–89 in *Essays on Ancient and Modern Judaism*. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1994.
* Moyn, Samuel. "From experience to law: Leo Strauss and the Weimar crisis of the philosophy of religion." *History of European Ideas* 33, (2007): 174–94.
* Neumann, Harry. *Liberalism*. Durham, NC: Carolina Academic P, 1991.
* Norton, Anne. *Leo Strauss and the Politics of American Empire*. New Haven & London: Yale UP, 2004.
* Pangle, Thomas L. "The Epistolary Dialogue Between Leo Strauss and Eric Voegelin". *Review of Politics* 53, no. 1 (Winter 1991): 100–25.
* ———. "Leo Strauss’s Perspective on Modern Politics". *Perspectives on Political Science* 33, no. 4 (Fall 2004): 197–203.
* ———. *Leo Strauss: An Introduction to His Thought and Intellectual Legacy*. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 2006.
* Pelluchon, Corine. Leo Strauss and the Crisis of Rationalism: Another Reason, Another Enlightenment, Robert Howse (tr.), SUNY Press, 2014.
* Piccinini, Irene Abigail. ''Una guida fedele. L'influenza di Hermann Cohen sul pensiero di Leo Strauss*. Torino: Trauben, 2007. ISBN 978-88-89909-31-7.
* Rosen, Stanley. "Hermeneutics as Politics". 87–140 in *Hermeneutics as Politics,* New York: Oxford UP, 1987.
* Sheppard, Eugene R. *Leo Strauss and the Politics of Exile: The Making of a Political Philosopher*. Waltham, MA: Brandeis UP, 2006. ISBN 978-1-58465-600-5.
* Shorris, Earl. "Ignoble Liars: Leo Strauss, George Bush, and the Philosophy of Mass Deception". *Harper’s Magazine* 308, issue 1849 (June 2004): 65–71.
* Smith, Steven B. *Reading Leo Strauss: Politics, Philosophy, Judaism*. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 2006. ISBN 978-0-226-76402-3. (Introd: "Why Strauss, Why Now?", online posting, *press.uchicago.edu*.)
* Smith, Steven B. (editor). *The Cambridge Companion to Leo Strauss*. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2009. ISBN 978-0-521-70399-4.
* Steiner, Stephan: *Weimar in Amerika. Leo Strauss' Politische Philosophie,* Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck 2013.
* Tanguay, Daniel. *Leo Strauss: une biographie intellectuelle''. Paris, 2005. ISBN 978-2-253-13067-3.
* Tarcov, Nathan. "On a Certain Critique of 'Straussianism' ". *Review of Politics* 53, no. 1 (Winter 1991): 3–18.
* ———. "Philosophy and History: Tradition and Interpretation in the Work of Leo Strauss". *Polity* 16, no. 1 (Autumn 1983): 5–29.
* ——— and Thomas L. Pangle, "Epilogue: Leo Strauss and the History of Political Philosophy". 907–38 in *History of Political Philosophy*. Ed. Leo Strauss and Joseph Cropsey. 3rd ed. 1963; Chicago and London, U of Chicago P, 1987.
* Thompson, Bradley C. (with Yaron Brook). *Neoconservatism. An Obituary for an Idea*. Boulder/London: Paradigm Publishers, 2010. pp.&nbsp;55–131. ISBN 978-1-59451-831-7.
* West, Thomas G. "Jaffa Versus Mansfield: Does America Have a Constitutional or a "Declaration of Independence" Soul?" *Perspectives on Political Science* 31, no. 4 (Fall 2002): 35–46.
* Xenos, Nicholas. *Cloaked in virtue: Unveiling Leo Strauss and the Rhetoric of American Foreign Policy*. New York, Routledge Press, 2008.
* Zuckert, Catherine H. *Postmodern Platos*. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1996.
* Zuckert, Catherine H., and Michael Zuckert. *The Truth about Leo Strauss*. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 2006.

Kategorio:Usonaj filozofoj
Kategorio:Germanaj filozofoj