Rastafaritɔwo ƒe habɔbɔ

**Rastafari** do zi gbãtɔ le ƒe 1930-awo me. Enye habɔbɔ, dzixɔse, kple agbenɔnɔ si dzɔ tso Jamaica. Anɔ eme be Rasta miliɔn 1 ye le xexeame godoo egbea.

Fiagã Haile Selassie I ye dze Rastafari habɔbɔa gɔme le ƒe 1930. Esi woɖo  Ethiopia Fiagã vɔ la, eva ɖo Jamaica, si nye United Kingdom ƒe nuto aɖe si le Caribbean Ƒua dzi . Ŋkɔ "Rastafarian" tso Fiagã Haile Selassie ƒe dzesideŋkɔ tsãtɔ si nye **Ras Teferi** me.

Jamaicatɔwo ƒe ŋutinya yɔ fũ kple nɔnɔme sesẽ siwo nɔ anyi le dutanyigbadziɖuɖu te. Ameawo ƒe akpa gãtɔ nye Afrikatɔwo, eye woxɔ wo tɔgbuiwo tso Afrika le kluvisitsatsa me (do ŋgɔ na ƒe 1800 ƒeawo) eye wokplɔ wo va  ɖo Jamaica be yewoawɔ dɔ le sukligbleawo me. Ame aɖewo si yi towo dzi eye wova zu aglãdzela siwo woyɔna be Maroons. Esi woɖe kluvinyenye ɖa gɔ̃ hã la, nuto si dzi woɖu la yi edzi nye Britaintɔwo ƒe suklibɔ. Eƒe anyinɔnɔ medzudzɔ o. Jamaicatɔwo nye gbɔgbɔmemewo vevie eye wonye Biblia xlẽla veviedonula, eyata wodaa akpe na wo vevietɔ. Gbɔgbɔmeʋuʋu geɖe do mo ɖa. Jamaicatɔwo ƒe akpa gã aɖe hã nye Ashanti dzidzimeviwo. Esi Ashanti dziɖuɖua va la, woto dekɔnuwo, dzixɔsewo, alo ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi siwo tso Ɣetoɖoƒe Afrika vɛ. Tɔgbui siawo ƒe gbɔgbɔmedɔwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye:

* Bedwardian habɔbɔa (si nye "Jamaican Baptist Free Church" le se nu) tso ƒe 1889 va ɖo ƒe 1921 me la, togbɔ be eƒe nufiafiawo meto vovo boo tso Kristotɔnyenye si bɔ gbɔ o hã la, eɖe gbeƒãe be yenye subɔsubɔha yeye si le eɖokui si. Egblɔ be Yerusalem Yeye si ava va la anɔ Jamaica.
* Marcus Garvey ƒe Habɔbɔ alo Garveyism - Le ƒe 1919 me, le Jamaica la, Garvey ɖo "Universal Negro Improvement Association"; Habɔbɔa kpɔ ŋusẽ gã aɖe ɖe Afrika dzi, le ganyawo kple dunyahehe siaa gome. Garvey gblɔe ɖi le eƒe mawunya me be, "Mikpɔ Afrika ɖa, elabena woaɖo fiakuku na ameyibɔ fia aɖe le afima."
* Athlicanism (si woyɔna le se nu be "Afro-Athlicanism") nye esi ŋutsu aɖe si ŋkɔe nye Robert Athlyi Rogers ɖo anyi le ƒe 1922 me, amesi ɖoe be yeaɖo Afrika subɔsubɔha yeye aɖe anyi eye wòtsɔ dzixɔse aɖe si woyɔna be *[[Pybi Kɔkɔe]] la ɖo ŋkume* . Le eƒe xɔse nu la, Etiopia nye mɔkpɔkpɔ ƒe anyigba na ameyibɔwo katã, eye woyɔ Marcus Garvey be Mawu ƒe apostolo.
* Jamaicatɔ mawunyagblɔla bubu Fitz Ballantyne Petersburg, tsɔ mawusubɔsubɔgbalẽ aɖe si woyɔna be *The Royal Scroll of Black Supremacy* na le ƒe 1926 me ; Le go sia me la, woyɔa agbalẽŋlɔla, Petersburg, be "Fia Alpha" eye woyɔa srɔ̃a be "Fianyɔnu Omega."

Eyata, wodzi Rastafari le nɔnɔme kple zitɔtɔ sia me, susu siwo mawunyagblɔla Leonard P. Howell ta ɖe eƒe agbalẽ si *nye Mɔkpɔkpɔ ƒe Safui* me le nuŋlɔti ŋkɔ "Gangguru Marag" te la dzidzi. *Mɔkpɔkpɔ ƒe Safui*, koŋ ye do nyagbɔgblɔ geɖe tso Ballantine ƒe Petersburg asinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽa ƒe *fia ƒe agbalẽ xatsaxatsaa me* . Le Howell ƒe nufiafiawo me la, gɔmesese si le "Fia Alfa" ŋue nye Fiagã Haile Selassie I, eye "Fianyɔnu Omega" ƒe dzesideŋkɔe nye Fianyɔnu Menen . Eƒo nu tso Etiopia ƒe blemaɣeyiɣi kple Kristotɔnyenye kpakple *Janhoi*-(fia) ƒe dɔwɔwɔ hã ŋu. Enye mawunyakpukpui si gblɔ be esi Mawu ƒe Vi (Mesia) trɔ gbɔ ta la, ele be woaɖo subɔsubɔha yeye anyi. Nukpɔsusu siawo gakpɔtɔ le Rastafariatɔwo si egbea. Wolɔ̃ ɖe edzi. (Le Howell ƒe nuŋlɔɖia me la, wogblɔ be ameyibɔwo de ŋgɔ wu ameƒomevi bubuwo, eye wodoa vlo ameyibɔwo, vevietɔ le Eŋlisiawo ŋu, gake le egbeŋkekeawo me la, Rastatɔ geɖe srɔ̃ nu tso *Janhoy* ŋutɔ ƒe nyawo ŋu nyuie, eye wo dometɔ geɖe va xɔ ameƒomevi ɖesiaɖe ƒe tasɔsɔ dzi se.)

Jamaica dziɖuɖumegãwo mekpɔ dzidzɔ ɖe habɔbɔ yeyea ŋu le gɔmedzedzea me o, eye Rastatɔwo dze ŋgɔ yometiti tso wo gbɔ. Dreadlock ɖa si xɔ ŋkɔ fifia la dze zi gbãtɔ le Kingston le 1949 me le ƒuƒoƒo sue aɖe si woyɔna be "Youth Black Faith" me tɔwo dome. Ke hã, wogblɔna be "menye amesiame si ŋu dreadlocks le ye nye Rasta o, eye menye amesiame si si dreadlocks le ye nye Rasta o," eye be gbɔgbɔ kple dzi ƒe lɔlɔ̃ nye nu ŋutɔŋutɔ wu taɖa.

Esi wònye be Janhoi ye nye xɔse la fofo ta la, zi geɖe la, subɔsubɔhakplɔla alo bisiɔp bubuwo menɔa Rastatɔwo si o. Wogblɔna be wokpɔ xɔtunu mawo tɔgbe le xexeame ƒe ŋutinya katã me, eye futɔwo hã tsrɔ̃ wo. Ke boŋ wogblɔna be amewo katã, woɖanya alo menya o, wodze be woanɔ agbe le bubu me abe nɔviŋutsuwo kple nɔvinyɔnuwo ene, abe Dziƒofofo kple Anyigba Dada ƒe viwo ene. Esi woyɔa nɔvi ɖesiaɖe be "fia" eye ele be woawɔ ɖeka le gbɔgbɔ me kple Mawu ƒe nɔnɔme (Mawuɖekaetɔ̃) ta la, Rastatɔwo zãa nyagbɔgblɔ "I & I" (nye kple nye) tsɔ fiaa nuƒola kple eƒe Mawu ƒe ɖekawɔwɔ le Rastatɔwo ƒe gbɔgbɔ me. Azɔ hã, Rasta nɔvinyɔnu alo "fianyɔnu" ɖesiaɖe hã gblɔna be "I & I".

Le ƒe 1961 me la, Rasta hamemegã aɖewo zɔ mɔ yi Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, eye wodo go kple Janhoi. Tso ƒe 1966 me la, Rastatɔ aɖewo le Shashemene. Wova ɖo afisia eye wona domenyinu sue aɖe wo. Le ƒe ma ke me, esi Janhoy ŋutɔ yi Jamaica la, Rastatɔ akpe alafa ɖeka do gbe nɛ dzonɔamemetɔe le yameʋudzeƒea. Woɖua sasrãkpɔ sia ƒe ƒezã abe azãɖuɖu ene.

Wotsɔa kpẽkuku, hadzidzi, Etiopiatɔwo ƒe amadedewo (amadede dzẽ, ɣi, dzĩ), kple "kaya" si wodona le pɔmpiwo me la ɖeɖefia geɖe wɔa Rasta-subɔsubɔ. Tso ƒe 1960-awo me la, Rasta hadzila geɖewoe dze " reggae " haƒoƒo ƒomevi yeyea gɔme; Wo dometɔ si xɔ ŋkɔ wue nye Bob Marley.

Togbɔ be nufiafia ƒe kplɔla tɔxɛ aɖeke mele wo si o negbe Janhoitɔwo ko hã la, zi geɖe la, Rastatɔwo xɔa Biblia; esia hã nye apokrifagbalẽ siwo woɖuna le Etiopia la ƒe akpa aɖe. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, Rastatɔ aɖewo li siwo srɔ̃a nu *tso Ethiopia ƒe ŋutinya kple eƒe ŋutinya* kple dekɔnuwo ŋu abe agbalẽ kɔkɔewoe wonye ene.

Le Rastatɔwo ƒe dzixɔse si keke ta wu nu la, Mawu ƒe fiaɖuƒe si wogblɔ ɖi le etsɔme la aɖu dzi tegbee tso eƒe fiadu si le Ethiopia le woƒe Mesia la te; Ɣemaɣi la, xexeame ƒe gbe si wozãna ɖaa anye Amharicgbe . Ame akpa gãtɔ mexɔ Fiagã Haile Selassie be eku o; Wogblɔna be Mawu mekuna o, eye fifia Mesia la le Babilon ƒe anyidzedze ƒe ɣeyiɣi lalam le adzame . Wogblɔna be esi ɖiɖi sia manɔ anyi ƒe geɖe o ta la, menye ɣeyiɣia de be woaɖo ɖoɖo kple dziɖuɖu sesẽ abe Kristotɔnyenye alo subɔsubɔha bubuwo katã ene o. Abe alesi Janhoi ɖe emee ene la, wodea bubu dzitsinya ƒe ablɔɖe ŋu vevie. Hafi ɣemaɣi naɖo la, woyɔa Babilontɔwo ƒe xaxaɣi si li fifia be "Amagideon" (woɖe nya la tso Harmagedon me). Wofiaa nu be afɔɖeɖe gbãtɔ si ana ame nazu Rasta nɔviŋutsu alo nɔvinyɔnue nye be nàdzo le Babilon.

Togbɔ be menye wo katã o hã la, Rastatɔ akpa gãtɔ meɖua lã abe nuɖuɖu ene o, eye wolɔ̃a amagbewo ƒe nuɖuɖu. Ame bubuwo hã tsri lã siwo Mose ƒe Sea de se ɖo (vevietɔ haƒoƒo ) ɖuɖu. Wogblɔna be menye gbedoxɔ me yiyi ŋue wòku ɖo o, ke boŋ be woabu ŋutilã la ŋutɔ be enye wò gbedoxɔ. Nunyiame ŋuti nyawo mele vevie wu lɔlɔ̃ kple ŋutifafa o. Habɔbɔa ate ŋu aɖi abe gbetagbe aɖe si woɖe tso Eŋlisigbe me ene, abe alesi wòle le Jamaica ene; Tsɔ kpe ɖe "I & I" ŋu la, ame geɖe to nya yeyewo vɛ kple "I-".

Abe alesi woɖɔe le Torah -gbalẽa me ene, eye abe Simson ene la, amesiwo ka atam be yewoawɔ Naziritɔwo ƒe adzɔgbeɖeɖe dzi la ƒoa asa na lã, aha sesẽ alo atama, lãgbalẽŋudɔwɔnu alo lãgbalẽŋudɔwɔnu ɖuɖu keŋkeŋ. Mègaka asi atike bubu aɖeke ŋu tsɔ wu dzɔdzɔme tɔ o.

## Nu suesuesuewo

Le ƒeawo me la, akpa alo "ƒome" aɖewo siwo tsi tre ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu do mo ɖa le Rastafari habɔbɔa me; Wo dometɔ vevitɔwoe nye:

* Nyabingi - Wowɔa nu kpata le nusianu ŋu le Fiagã Haile Selassie alo Biblia ƒe nufiafiawo godo.
* Bobo Ashanti - Le woƒe nufiafiawo me la, gɔmesese si le "Mawuɖekaetɔ̃" ŋue nye Janhoy, Marcus Garvey, kple woƒe kplɔla etɔ̃lia Charles Edwards, amesiwo xɔ mesia etɔ̃ dzi se ɖekae.
* To Wuieveawo - Esi woxɔ gbugbɔgadzɔ ƒe nukpɔsusu tso Asia subɔsubɔhawo me ta la, wogblɔna be yewonye blema Israel towo ƒe luʋɔwo. To 12-awo ƒe mama le ɣleti si me wodzi wo le ɣleti ɖesiaɖe me.

Egbea, le Jamaica alo Caribbean godo la, wokpɔa Rasta le xexeame katã, le Amerika, Europa, Afrika, Asia, kple Australia.