Vladimir Putin

**Vladimir Putin** toi ko **Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin** nopo nga songulun puru politik id pogun Rusia om Presiden Rusia di dondo. Nokoumbal nogi yau nokosiliu do Perdana Menteri Rusia id siriba di Presiden Boris Yeltsin (1999-2000) om Dmitry Medvedev (2008-2012).

## Koposion pogulu om pondidikan

 
Nosusu ii Putin ontok 7 Gumas 1952 id Leningrad, Pisokodungan Soviet (nondo Saint Petersburg, Rusia), tanak tohuri mantad tolu mogiadi kumaa Vladimir Spiridonovich Putin (1911–1999) om Maria Ivanovna Putina (née Shelomova; 1911–1998). Taki dau, Spiridon Putin (1879–1965), nokoumbal nokosiliu do mogogonsok di Vladimir Lenin om Joseph Stalin. Kinosusuon di Putin nosoguluanan do kinapatai'on do duo tabang dau:Albert, ii nosusu ontok toun 1930-an, noduanan ginawo masaan do bagang po, om Viktor, ii nosusu ontok 1940, noiduanan ginawo kinosoososok do difteria om linouson ontok toun 1942 masaan do kinokopungan Leningrad mantad soudor Nazi Jerman id Pisangadan Koduo Pomogunan.

Kuminalaja tama di Putin id iso kilang, om tapa dau nopo nga songulun puru' soudor id Soudor Rahat Soviet, pakalaja id armada kapal tolop ontok timpuunon toun 1930-an. Masaan nayatan timpuun do sinuangan Nazi kumaa Pisokodungan Soviet, tapa dau kumalaja id batalion pamaraag songonuaan do NKVD. Kahapas dii, pinoundaliu yau kumaa soudor toomod om nakawaya do toruol di oruol tomod ontok otoun 1942. Tidi id boogian tina di Putin nopo nga pinatai do susumolod Jerman id Tver ontok toun 1941, om maman (boogian tina) natagak id Rulud kosilahon masaan Pisangadan Kumoduo Pomogunan.

### Pondidikan
Ontok 1 Manom 1960, tuminimpuun ii Putin do sumikul id Sikul No. 193 id Baskov Lane, somok do walai dau. yau nopo nga sala iso mantad piipiro tangaanak sikul id kalas dau oo kiginumu kikiro 45 tulun ii kakal do amu po nokosiliu sabaagi puru organisasi Young Pioneer (*[[Komsomol]]*). Ontok umul 12 toun, tuminimpuun yau minluda do *sambo* om *judo.* Ontok timpu oliwang asanangan yau do mambasa karya-karya Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, om Lenin. Kahapas di suminikul ii Putin id Sikul Takawas No. 281 di Saint Petersburg, ii haro abaabayan pongiaan boros Jerman maya intensif. Abalantas yau mimboros id boros Jerman om insaru manahak boboroson miampai monorubung id boros dii.

Monginobos ii Putin do ponginabasan dau id gana koundangan id Universiti Pogun Leningrad ii pinomungaranan kopihondot di Andrei Zhdanov (nondo Pogun Saint Petersburg) onotk toun 1970 om nolimpuupusan ponginabasan dau ontok toun 1975. Tesis dau kiuhu do *“The Most Favored Nation Trading Principle in International Law”* (Prinsip Pogun Id Toponsol kopio id Koundangan Sompomogunan). Masaan do id universiti, mositi do tumanud yau do Parti Komunis Pisaan Soviet (CPSU), om kakal sabaagi do puru gisom do aiso ontok toun 1991. Id universiti nokoruba ii Putin Anatoly Sobchak, songulun lungkitas wanan ii mongia kokomoi do koundangan padagangan om kahapas di nokosiliu sabaagi do songulun monunuat miampai parlambagaan Rusia. Haro tonggungan toponsol di Putin id kinoingkawason do kalaja Sobchak id Saint Petersburg, ii Sobchak nopo nga kirahung id kinoingkawasan angkabon di Putin id Moscow.

Ontok toun 1997, nakaanu ii Putin do ijazah id gana ekonomi (miagal taang do *[[Candidate of Economic Sciences]]*) id Universiti Porlombongan Saint Petersburg maya tesis kokomoi do pananalahan lokis om pomogunaan id imbakaton pogun labus. Minopoindalan o mogogontong dau ii Vladimir Litvinenko do pomilian raya presiden dau id Saint Petersburg ontok toun 2000 om insan kaagu ontok toun 2004. Sundung pia do ingkaa, minonondos ii Igor Danchenko om Clifford Gaddy do minomonsoi plagiat ii Putin tumanud do piawaian kotonobon. Binoros do sala iso buuk nokosiliu sabaagi do kopodalinan potilombus id tesis dau nopo nga kopodolinan Rusia buuk *Strategic Planning and Policy* (1978) mantad King om Cleland. Minonuat ii Balzer kokomoi do tesis di Putin om imbakaton lokis Rusia minanahak ponontigasan do "kapansalan pogun Rusia id ektor lokis nopo nga amu milo rundingon ". Suminuku yolo do pokionuon kosongonuan majoriti mantad Rusia id nunu nopo goos di kopiagal, lolobi po kalapas pibatasan Nord Stream-Yuzhno-Russkoye miampai BASF om Gazprom ontok 2004 ii minopointutun do struktur koonuan 49-51, misuai mantad pomohogian 50-50 ii gunoon id projek TNK-BP songonuaan do BP pogulu dii.

## Karaja'on Mato-mato

Ontok toun 1975, tuminanud ii Putin do KGB om nakatanud do pinludaan id Sikul KGB ko-401 id Okhta, Leningrad. Kalapas do naayi pinludaan, kuminalaja yau id Direktorat Poinlobi Koduo (mato-mato tisuli), pogulu pinoundaliu kumaa id Direktorat Poinlobi Koiso, hinombo minogintong yau dau tulun labus om pagawai konsular id Leningrad.. Ontok Manom 1984, pinaatod yau id Moscow montok pinludaan tumilombus id Institut Red Banner Yuri Andropov. 

Mantad toun 1985 gisom 1990, kuminalaja ii Putin id Dresden, Jerman kosilahon miampai momoguno do kointutunan kosowoli sabaagi papadalin. Hilo, kitonggunan yau sabaagi do pagawai piromutan KGB miampai pulis himu Stasi, om pinoruput do nokoingkawas gaa kumaa Leftenan Kolonel. Tumanud laman poimagon Kremlin, rejim komunis Jerman Kosilahon ii minanahak do gaa midol gangsa montok "surupukalaja ouli' kuma Soudor Mogigion Nasional". Minapatayad ii Putin topurimanan dau do oondos yau montok abaabayan dau id Dresden, kohimpit nogi masaan do kotoguangan dau miampai popokito topuriman antikomunis ontok toun 1989 ii mumbal do monowoli bangunan Stasi. 

Monunuat Rusi-Amerika, Masha Gessen, id biografi 2012, minapatayad do kalaja di Putin ontok di nopo nga kogumuan kohimpit do koponimungan langod abal - soboogian tagayo koilaan ii aiso guno. Bagas luguan mato-mato Stasi, Markus Wolf om tambalut sangkalaja KGB, Vladimir Usoltsev, kaampai kadau do  popoinsiriba tonggungan di Putin. Sundung pia do ingkaa wartawan Catherine Belton id buuk dau ontok toun 2020 minapatayad do kinopoindalanon do popoinsiriba dii nopo nga haro tudu montok popolisok kinotonudon di Putin montok ponokodungan KGB kumaa tinimungan Red Army Faction (RAF), ii insaru do lumisok id Jerman Kosilahon miampai kouhupan mantad Stasi. Noboros do nopili Dresden tu ointutunan sabaagi kakadayan "disan" miampai kotindapaan mato-mato kotonobon ii osiriba. Haro songulun sukuon aiso ngara ii minangakun sabaagi do bagas puru RAF, minimboros do masaan pirubaan id Dresden, militan RAF minanahak do katayadan sandata kumaa di Putin hinombo kalapas di pinaatod kumaa id Jerman Kotonobon. Klaus Zuchold ii minimboros koumbal do pinokianu di Putin, minimboros do koumbal ii Putin minomoguno do songulun neo-Nazi kingaran Rainer Sonntag om minumbal do manganu songulun monunuat ponoriukan kokomoi wanit. Pinoruput nogi do ii Putin nopo nga koumbal manganu jurutera Jerman montok surupu piromutan aiso wayar id Asia Ponongsiba. Kosilahon nga ponoriukan mantad *[[Der Spiegel]]* ontok toun 2023 minapatayad do sukuon di nopo nga okon ko puru RAF di totopot om ointutunan sabaagi "momonsoi tangon: miampai piipiro kasalaan kohimpit do manahak katayadan amu otopot. 

Tumanud do biografi poimagon di Putin, masaan do kinorotuon Timbok Berlin ontok 9 Milau 1989, minomungolig yau do dokumen Hongkod Kotinoruan Soviet (House of Friendship) om vila KGB id Dreseden mantad ouyas do popokito topurimanan, kohimpir ejen KGB om Stasi. Pinoruput do ii Putin nopo nga minonorob no toomod do fail KGB id piipiro jaam om minopoopi do dokumen Hongkod Kotinoruan montok patahakon kumaa puru kikuasa Jerman. Aiso koilaan pinatahak kokomoi kouyuuyuo pomilian masaan proses kapanaraban dii, lolobi po kokomoi do fail stasi toi ko' agensi suai mantad GDR toi ko' USSR. Minopotolinahas yau do kogumuan dokumen di nopo nga pinatahak kumaa Jerman sabab no do kakamot di nokokobong, nga kogumuan dokumen mantad vila KGB nopo nga pinaatod id Moscow.   

Kahapas do kinorotuan kopomorintaan komunis Jerman Kosilahon, nandasan do ii Putin nopo nga tuminingkod mantad surupukaraja' aktif KGB tu natagak o kinotumbayaan kumaa kouli'on dau masaan do demonstrasi id Dresden. mulong pia do KGB om Soudior Soviet kakal po do kumalaja id kosilahon Jerman. Guminuli kaagu yau id Leningrad kotimpuunon do toun 1990 sabaagi puru "poopian aktif" , om kuminalaja yau kikiro tolu tulan id boogian Hal Kaantakan Sompomogunan id Universiti Pogun Leningrad, ruminuput kumaa Naib Rektor Yuriy Molchanov, miampai momongoh tesis  PhD dau. 

Hilo, mogihum yau do rekrut wagu montok KGB, mingintong do susumikul om monginwagu do pionitan dau miampai bagas lungkitas dau Anatoly Sobchak, ii kosiliu sabaagi Luguan Kakadayan Leningrad. Minapatayad ii Putin do tumingkod yau kumalaja miampai gaa Leftenan Kolonel ontok 20 Magus 1991, hinombo onotok tadau koduo koumbalan mangahau kuasa kumaa Presiden Soviet Mikhail Gorbachev. Minimboros yau: "*Kahapas do kotimpuun kaahawan do kuasa, potilombus do oilaan ku hinombo puru ku*", mulong pia do nakaakun yau do kootuson di nopo nga apangkal tu soboogian do koposion dau nopo nga naayi miampai "organ" (agensi koumoligan).****

## Sukuon

## Nuut Kointalangan