Julie Mehretu

**Julie Mehretu** (dɔgebo daare la November 28, 1970) O e la Ethiopia America bonveɛle bomaala, ka ne-gyamaa  bammo neŋ a o toŋgyamaa na kyaare pentiroo naŋ be yaga. A o pɛntiri, Enfuomo maalo, ane peretin wuli la tɛɛtɛɛloŋ naŋ be yelfere naŋ be teŋɛ maaloo leɛroo.

## O Nyɔvooroŋ Ane Sakuuri Yɛlɛ
Mehretu dɔgebo zie da la Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, naŋ da e 1970, naŋ da e bidɛndɛŋ soba ko Ethiopia  kolaagye purofɛsa kyaare teŋɛ ane a Jewish Ameleka Montessori karema. Ba da yi la a teŋɛ 1977 ka ba zo neɛ  poletekal turmoil kyɛ da gaa East Lansing, Michigan, kyaare a o sãã karema wuluu wɛderoŋ kyaare teŋɛ maaloo naŋ be Michigan teŋɛ Yunivenite.: 215 

O e la neɛ naŋ baare East Lansing Haae Sakuuri, Mehretu da nyɛ la a Bakyela degree yineŋ Kalamazoo kolaagyi naŋ be Kalamazoo, Michigan, kyɛ da e  Gyuunia yuoni a nansaal paaloŋ teŋɛ kaŋa naŋ e Cheikh Anta Diop Yuniveniti Sakuuri (UCAD) naŋ be Dakar, Senegal, kyɛ da la leɛ gaa Rhode Island Sakuuri naŋ kyaare maalo ko teroo, Rhode Island, be o na da nyɛ a Masare ko Fine Arts degree naŋ da e 1997. Ba da iri o la ka o da e CORE kpaaroŋ naŋ da be Museum ko Nuuri Toma zie  (Fine Arts) naŋ be Houston, a kpɛzie naŋ taa a duoro-ŋmɛ-yaara dieŋ, a toma, ane a mannewulluu na be museum poɔ.

## O Nuuru Toma Nyɔvooroŋ
thumb|Documenta
Ŋmenaa naŋ na ba saaŋ (alegorthm 5, lɛtɛ ayi) (2014) naŋ be Museum ko Modern toma a yuoni 2022. Mehretu's canvases boma mine na be enfuomo maalo poɔ naŋ wulo tembԑrԑ meɛroŋ ane tutaalong wuluu ko tembԑrԑ nimizeԑ toma, te paale city grids ane wɛda kyate. a wuluu da sereŋ taa la yele mine, wogiruŋ mine naŋ sereŋ be, naŋ sere wuli ka o wulo toŋgyamaa mine naŋ e yelwuli ane sentaaloŋ ka o da mɛ Enfuomo na sentaa tembɛrɛ nyɔvore yele. O enfuomo bommaale maŋ soma la teseŋ a pɛntere, ane laayare mine naŋ taa tuo, Enfuomo naŋ taa a paaloŋ deme mannoo naŋ be a a tendaa poɔ. A bonfēē enfuomo bommaale naŋ taa toŋgyamaa yele kyaare maaloo da sere nyɛ la eebo yi pɛntere.

A 2002, Mehretu da yeli ka a o toma da la:
thumb|Julue Mehretu
N leɛ teɛrɛɛ a n maaloo na e lɛzikɔn parɛɛ kaŋa, yelwulaa, bee kɔkɔre bondemannewuli naŋ taa bammo ane teŋgbulli yɛlɛ. A bonwulli naŋ be a n mapo n naŋ maale, sori tuubu, leɛ kaabo, ane meɛroŋ deebo. N da yeli la yele ko, leɛkaabo, ane mapo a ba bammo ane gɔɔloŋ neŋ zimaale yele: a ba paaloŋ,  a ba kori, a ba tage-taa, ane a ba zɔɔre. A paintini maalo zie da la bone naŋ ba taa nyaamo: a terrain na ba saaŋ, a mapo na ba maale saaŋ. N na da boɔrɔ ka n toŋ na da boɔrɔ la zie na naŋ na e a makere, a bonwulli. A lanna neŋ parɛɛ gyamaa naŋ be akitɛtuuraa yeltuuri ane bommaale n da eɛ la ka n da maale mɛtafɔɔriki, tetɔniki bammo kyaare dakoroŋ yeltare. N da boɔrɔ ka n da wanne a n bommaale neŋ a wagere naŋ na senne ane zie naŋ na senne.

Mehretu naŋ da yeli yɛlɛ 2014 Ɛpirikal bommaale, Istanbul (2004) da mannewuli la Mehretu's naŋ da tone yelgyamaa a dakoroŋ yeltare. Araabiki  sɛgebie ane ulli naŋ wuli sommo yizie ko Araabiki bonsɛgere  naŋ da yɛre yaare a canvas. A Stadia I, II, ane III (2004) Mehretu da iree a sããkommo tona naŋ be a sitaadume yineŋ makere ane leeyare naŋ be boma mine waaloŋ mine. A Stadia naŋ taa akitɛtuurale yelsoore naŋ kyaare a sitaadume, flaaki na ba maale saaŋ naŋ be a tendaa, ane sommo yizie ko a kooporate logos. Mogamma: A Pɛntere naŋ be a lambogiri ata poɔ (2012), a gbuli yuori ko a  monumɛtale canvases anaare  naŋ be a gampɛlɛ pie ne ata (13) poɔ, naŋ kyaare a 'Al-Mogamma', a yuori ko a gɔbena boɔbo zaa naŋ e meɛroŋ ko Tahrir, Cairo, naŋ da e bommaale ko a  2011 leɛbo ane akitɛtuurale yeltuuri ko Egypt's possi-koloniyal na da tɔle. A yelbiri 'Mogamma', gbɛɛ gyamaa, muni la 'gbulli' a Araabiki a dakore saŋa, e la bone ba na maŋ de ko zie naŋ taa tonnoɔre ne a kamori yiri, a synagogue ane a Ŋmempuori yiri a meŋ e zie ko multi faith. A da e dawagere mine toma, a Round City, Hatshepsut (2013) taa la akitɛtuurale tuuru ko Baghdad, Iraq, omeŋɛ – o yelzu naŋ kyaare a dakore saŋa yuori ko a paaloŋ naŋ be a dasaŋa mapore. A pɛntere, Insile (2013) meɛroŋ naŋ kyaare Foto enfuoni sagedeɛrɛ' Palace amid civilian meɛroŋ, leɛ maale la a niŋe neŋ pɛntere Nki, basaamo ane puliŋ boma mine.

Leɛbo (S.M. del Popolo/after C.) (2019–2020) naŋ be a Metropolitan Museum ko Art a 2022. A 2007, a libie bimmu baŋgye Goldman Sachs da ko o la Mehretu a $5 miliyɔɔ kɔmesin kyaare a lobby mural. A toma naŋ be a Mural da la a yɛloŋ naŋ ne a tennis kɔɔto kyɛ da taa gyamaa kyaare bondaanoo maapo, akitɛtuurale enfuoni maalo naŋ be a bondaanoo ziiri, ane sommo yizie ka o da toŋ ne a yielŋmeɛreba mine. Calvin Tomkins naŋ be New Yorker boɔle o la "neɛŋ naŋ sereŋ baŋ pɛntere o naŋ da nyɛ yuoŋgyamaa mine naŋ pare", ane a kɔmɛteeta meŋ da bigiri o ka " o da e a kpoŋ ane a public art naŋ toŋ wagere gyamaa mime naŋ".

Neŋgyamaa naŋ bammo neŋ pɛntere naŋ e kpoŋ, Mehretu kyɛ da taa bammo neŋ a  piritin wagere naŋ o na da baare yi a sakuuri naŋ be Rhode Island Sakuuri kyaare bommaale, be o naŋ da zanna pɛntin ane pirinti kpaaroŋ a yuoni soga poɔ 1990s. A o bammo kyaare piritin maalo da piihi neŋ la etching. O da baarɛɛ lantaa kpaaroŋ naŋ be bammo pirinti kpaaroŋ naŋ be Ameleka, na kyaare ba a magere gyamaa nyaamo toɔre a Minneapolis, Crown Point Press naŋ be San Francisco, Gemini G.E.L. a Los Angeles, ane Derrière L'Étoile Studios ane Burnet Editions naŋ be New York teŋɛ.

Mehretu da e la neɛ naŋ be CORE Program, Glassell Sakuuri ko Art, Museum ko Fine Arts, Houston, (1997–98) ane a Artist-in-Residence Program naŋ be Studio Museum a Harlem (2001). A o toma saŋa a Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, naŋ da e 2003, o da tone la sakuu-bipɔgeba lezare ane pie yineŋ East Africa. A spring of 2007 o da e la Guna S. Mundheim Visual Arts Fellow naŋ be American Academy na be Berlin. A yuoni na poɔ, o da eɛ monthlong laŋkpeԑbo yeltuuri neŋ 40 art sakuubiiri yineŋ Detroit public haae sakuuri.
thumb|Be a studio neŋ Julie Mehretu
Mehretu a o studio yi a o residency na be Berlin, Mehretu da eɛ neɛ naŋ da maale pԑntere ayɔpoi yineŋ Deutsche Guggenheim; yelzu naŋ e Grey Area (2008–2009), a eroŋ da maalɛɛ a urban landscape na be Berlin ka o da e a dasaŋa na dakore yele mine ane saamo.: 221  A pɛntere Vanescere (2007), a sɔɔla-ane-peɛlaa waalong naŋ da tere mannewuli lɛnɛɛ naŋ senne ka o be a maelstrom a ink ane acrylic marks, ka a mine da ba nyɛ eebo a linen sommo, da terɛɛ sobituuri na naŋ be a Grey Area series. Lamboe mine nang be a Fragment (2008–09) ane Middle Grey (2007–09) naŋ maale a maale la sambaroo sobie. A kaŋa meŋ da la a pɛntɛ naŋ be Berlin, Berliner Plätze (2008–09), da taa la phantom nang leɛ sugilitaa da mannɛɛ yuomo pie-ne-anii a German tie meɛroŋ naŋ da taa kyaane a poɔŋ. A art historian da sɛbe la Scott ka o yeli a Grey Area series: "A somber poɔ, simplified tonal paintings, a gyamaa zie la da taa a nineteenth-century yimeɛre naŋ da sãã a World War II, neɛ maŋ taa la a vuo ka o mɛ a yiri wagere naŋ o na, gbɛɛ gyamaa teseŋ a dakore yɛlɛ naŋ be a paaloŋ o naŋ da yele.": 221  A Mehretu naŋ da mannewuli a Ocula Magazine, "A yelnyɔgeraa zaa a 20th-century progress ane a teɛre naŋ kyaare a  futurity neŋ modernity da ba nyɛ eebo, lambori zaa. Ŋaa zaa la vɛŋ ka N da teɛrɛ lɛnɛɛ n naŋ na nyɛ."

A 2017, Mehretu da lanne ne la  jazz yielyiele ane interdisciplinary artist Jason Moran ka ba maale MASS (HOWL, eon)]. kannoo naŋ be Harlem Parish naŋ da paale a Performa 17 biennial, MASS (HOWL, eon) ka ba de a deɛdeneba kyaare a Mehretu's canvas kyɛ ka yielŋmereba da e a bontare yineŋ Moran.

Mehrhtu's toŋ dɛndɛŋ soba kyaare a painted glass da nyɛ la eebo 2024. A 85 foot (26 m) tall artwork, ŋmenaa puribo saŋa, da nyɛ la eebo yi Barack Obama da nyɛ la eebo yineŋ noɔre yelyaga naŋ be a memorial ceremony ko a civil-rights-era Selma marches. O da eɛ yi o naŋ da e vuo a be a museum tower ko a Barack Obama Presidential Center. Mehretu e la mɛmba ko a  Artists Committee naŋ be a Americans kyaare a Arts.

## Kyɔɔtaare
thumb|Gansɛgerɛ Kerry Kyɔɔtaɛ naŋ e Medal naŋ be Arts lifetime achievement Kyɔɔtaɛ ko Julie Mehretu
Mehretu da nyɛɛ U.S. Department ko State Medal of Arts a 2015. A 2000, Mehretu da nyɛɛ sommo yi Piiluu kyaare Contemporary Arts Grants yi yielŋmeɛreba kyɔɔtaɛ. Ona da la a dedeɛraa  ko a 2001 Penny McCall Kyɔɔtaɛ kyɛ meŋ da la e a kaŋa a 2005 dedeɛrɛ ko a MacArthur Fellowship, gbɛɛ gyamaa ka ba maŋ yeli ka a "genius grant."

A 2013, Mehretu da nyɛ la kyɔɔtare yi Barnett ane Annalee Newman Kyɔɔtare, ane a 2015, o da nyɛ la US Department of State Medal of Arts yi a paalong Gansɛgerɛ John Kerry. A 2020, a magazine wagere te paale Mehretu kyaare a noba  100 naŋ da e nemenne. A 2023, German automaker BMW da iree Mehretu ka o pԑnte a "art car" ka o da kpɛ a  24 Hours of Le Mans race.

Art critic naŋ kyaare a Australian newspaper Christopher Allen mannewulee Mehretu's toma ka o e  "a baara feeble gasp naŋ e overhyped ane exhausted New York art market". Mehretu da maalɛɛ a wagere 100 noba nang taa leɛbo naŋ da be a 2020. A yuoŋ tuuraa meŋ poɔ, a New York wagere mannɛɛ ka o da e a "a bondemannewulaa ko a nensaale sɔgelaa nang e pɔge a erԑ pԑnten naŋ da daŋ kpɛ a canon."

A 2023, o da paalɛɛ a pɔgeba yielŋmeɛreba bayi naŋ da sere tona kpeɛŋaa a da paale a sazu koɔrong libiri daarong noɔre.

## Toma mine naŋ da be a gyamaa deɛbo
**Blue Field* (1997), Museum ko Fine Arts, Houston
**Babel Unleashed* (2001), Walker Art Center, Minneapolis
**Retopistics: A Renegade Excavation* (2001), Crystal Bridges Museum ko American Art, Bentonville, Arkansas
**Congress* (2003), The Broad, Los Angeles
**Empirical meɛbo, Istanbul* (2003), Museum ko Modern Art, New York
**Entropia (review)* (2004), Brooklyn Museum, New York
**Stadia I* (2004), San Francisco Museum ko Modern Art
**Stadia II* (2004), Carnegie Museum ko Art, Pittsburgh
**Stadia III* (2004), Virginia Museum ko Fine Arts, Richmond
**Local Calm* (2005), A San Diego Museum ko Art
**Atlantic Wall* (2008-2009), Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York
**Mural* (2009), 200 West Street, New York City
**Auguries* (2010), A Broad, Los Angeles ane National Museum ko African Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
**Untitled* (2011), Studio Museum nang be Harlem, New York
**Mogamma, A Pɛnten nang be a Dori  Anaare: Dori 3* (2012), Tate, London
**Mogamma, Pɛnten nang be a Dori  Anaare: Dori 4* (2012), Museum ko Fine Arts, Houston
**Cairo* (2013), A Broad, Los Angeles
**Invisible Sun (algorithm 5, lɛtɛ ayi soba waalong)* (2014), Museum ko Modern Art, New York
**Myriads, Dark yong* (2014), National Gallery ko Art, Washington, D.C.; ane Pérez Art Museum Miami
**A Love Supreme* (2014-2018), Art Institute ko Chicago
**Hineni (E. 3:4) (Me voici)* (2018), Centre Pompidou, Paris
**Haka (ane Riot)* (2019), Los Angeles County Museum ko  Art
**Conversion (S.M. del Popolo/after C.)* (2019-2020), Metropolitan Museum ko Art, New York.
A 2016, a San Francisco Museum na be a Modern Art da piilee a Mehretu ka ba maale a diptych, neŋ a painti naŋ kyaare a staircase naŋ e a atrium naŋ be a neԑzaa nyaamo. HOWL, eon (I, II) (2016-2017) da taa la ŋmɛ-yaaroo a neɛzaa nyaamo a September 2, 2017. Ka o teɛ a diptych, Mehretu maŋ be la ŋmene yiri nang na ba taa teroo, naŋ da be Harlem naŋ da e studio ka o maale. A boɔbo maaloo saŋa, o da laŋ ne la jazz pianist Jason Moran. HOWL, eon (I, II) e la politikal yelmannewulii yi a dakore saŋa a western United States' landscape, te paale San Francisco Bay Area. A toma zaa piiluu zie naŋ taa enfuomo yineŋ race riots, street protests, ane nineteenth-century enfuomo naŋ be American West.

## Bonwulli Mine
A 2001, Mehretu da paalɛɛ a bonwuli Painti kyaare daŋkyini naŋ pare Walker Art Center. O da wa ta la wagere kaŋa a da paale a 38 yielŋmeɛreba toma naŋ da kyaare a 2004-5 Carnegie International: A kaa baaroŋ saŋa. O da paale la lambo gyamaa, te paale ona naŋ be a Curatorial Studies, Bard kolagyi, Annandale-on-Hudson (2000). O toma da be paale Freestyle bonwuli naŋ be a Studio Museum a Harlem (2001); a Americans nang be a Barbican enfuomo naŋ be a London (2001); White Cube enfuomo naŋ be London (2002), a Busan Biennale naŋ be Korea (2002); a 8th Baltic Triennial na be Vilnius, Lithuania (2002); ane Enfuomo maalo pampana: aroozie anii (2002) na be Museum of Modern Art na be New York. Mehretu's meŋ da paalɛɛ "a Praise of Doubt" bonwuli na be Palazzo Grassi na be Venice na e summer a 2011 meŋ na e dOCUMENTA (13) na be Kassel a 2012. A 2014, o da paalɛɛ Divine Comedy: Heaven, Purgatory ane Hell naŋ taa leɛ kaabo yi  African yielyielebe, a taa maalo yi Simon Njami.

A 2021, a Whitney Museum of American Art a teŋɛ zaa a retrospective naŋ be Mehretu's toma. Mehretu's paale la gɔnne zaa naŋ be Shape of Time, a 2024 bondeɛre bonwuli na da taa eebo Pérez Art Museum Miami a da taa maaloo yi Franklin Sirmans, a museum daraata.

A exhibition dɛndɛŋ soba da eɛ neɛ na da areko Mehretu a Australia ane a Asia-Pacific irigyin, ka a yelzu e A Transcore of the Radical teԑrong, da taa la eebo yi Museum of Contemporary Art Australia, Sydney, yi November 2024 te ta April 2025. Art market

Mehretu's paintere la Untitled 1 (2001) koɔre o la $1.02 million a Sotheby's na e September 2010. A libiri ba na da duori da eɛ $600–$800,000. At Art Basel naŋ be 2014, White Cube koɔrɛɛ Mehretu's Mumbo Jumbo (2008) ko $5 million. A 2023, Michael Ovitz koɔrɛɛ Mehretu's Walkers naŋ a Dawn ane beguo (2008) ko a $10.7 million, na maala yelpala mine ko yielŋmeɛraa meŋɛ ane yielŋmeraa kaŋa zaa ba na dɔge a Africa.

A 2005, Mehretu's toma da e la bomwuli mine ko Lehmann v. A Project Tendaa zaa yele kyɛ baŋ e a New York Supreme Court, a yeldɛndɛŋ soba da yi la collector yi ba na da boɔrɔ ka ba da e a contemporary art. A yɛlɛ da paalɛɛ merɛ yeltare kyaare ne a o toma ane a o ananso kyaare o na da zagere a tondɛndɛŋ soba yineŋ a o saŋa na enfuomo ane a  deɛdeɛra. O na da leɛ gaa ka o te pɛŋe a $75,000 yineŋ a collector Jean-Pierre Lehmann te ko a Project enfuomo, naŋ da taa maaloo a February 2001, a enfuomo ananso la ka o da tere a Lehmann a nukpeɛŋaa kyaare a o dɛndɛŋ zageroo kyaare toma zaa naŋ yi yielŋmeɛrɛ la yielŋmeɛrɛ zaa a enfuoni naŋ taa, ane 30 per cent discount ka a sane da wa leɛ taa yɔɔbo. Lehmann da nyɛ la a sane ŋa ka o da e bone na da taa soobo ko Mehretu's toma, kyɛ, noba banaare mine meŋ da nyɛ la kpeɛŋaa faŋa kaŋa yi ba boɔbo a enfuoni poɔ naŋ taa a yielŋmeɛrebɛ. A enfuoni da koɔrɛɛ 40 Mehretu yi a contract saŋa, ka bamine da are ko discounts naŋ da e 40 percent.Lehmann da nyɛ la Mehretu gyamaa da bebe la a  catalog na taa a Walker Art Center ka ba da koɔre ko a collector Jeanne Greenberg Rohatyn, kyɛ da taa nyaamo ka ba da ba taa teɛseɛbo ko taa. O da pãã da sɛgɛɛ gane ko Haye a da boɔrɔ $17,500, ane, ba na da ba ko ba bonzaa yi a Mehretu pieces naŋ da maale, ba da de o la gaane kɔɔtɔ. A yɛlɛ, da taa diibu ko Lehmann, ka ba da yeli ko a gyamaa boma daaroŋ nɔɛ ane enfuome da terɛɛ ko a dedeɛreba kyɛ pɛntere korɔ Mehretu ane yielŋmeɛrɛ mine  – yele maŋ baŋ taa la eebo ko art world.A October 2023, Mehretu da saŋɛɛ a auction record ko a African artist naŋ be Sotheby's Hong Kong, neŋ o yele na naŋ ba taa yelzu (2001), naŋ taa koɔroŋ na e $9.32 million.

## Meŋɛ Nyɔvooroŋ
Mehretu kpeɛrɛ la boraasaɛŋ ayi naŋ be Harlem. O kulee yielŋmeɛrɛ na e Jessica Rankin a 2008, ka ba da taa biiri bayi, Cade Elias (dɔgebo 2005) ane Haile (dɔgebo 2011); o deɛmɛ naŋ e gansɛgrɛ ane yelwiira yele ko Lily Brett. Ba kultaa da saaɛŋ 2014.

Mehretu da biŋɛɛ  a bɔlŋmɛ zie ko Chelsea naŋ peɛle a Whitney Museum ko American Art. A 2004, ona da piilee – neŋ a Lawrence Chua ane Paul Pfeiffer – Denniston Hill, yielŋmeɛrɛ naŋ taa  200-acre sakuuri zie a Sullivan County, New York. O meŋ da tona la old arms factory na be a Berlin a 200 ane a St. Thomas ane a Apostle Church na be Harlem yi 2016 te ta 2017.

A October 2024, a Whitney Museum da moɔlɛɛ Mehretu da soŋɛɛ neŋ million dollars ko a "Free 25 ane Under" kpaaroŋ sere naŋ da be museum guests o na da e yuomo  lezare ane anuu. 

## Ziiri mine sommo

* Website of her gallery carlier | gebauer including CV and works 
* Julie Mehretu at Highpoint Center for Printmaking, Minneapolis
* Julie Mehretu at Walker Art Center, Minneapolis
* Julie Mehretu interviewed for Ethiopian Passages 
* 2010 article including an image of ''Untitled 1''

## Sommo Yizie