Kwame Nkrumah

**Dr. Francis Kwame Nkrumah** (21 kavaare kyuu 1909-27 boŋŋo kyuu 1972) da e la Ghanaian pɔleteese, political theorist, ane revolutionary. Ona da daŋ e a prime minister danweɛ soba ane Ghana yidaandɔɔ, naŋ de weɛ neŋ Gold Coast ka ba nyɛ sommeŋɛ yi Britain 1957 poɔ. Pan-Africanism, nɔmɛlmɛ neɛ, Nkrumah da e la mɛmba ko a organization of African unity ane neɛ naŋ di a Lenin peace prize yi a Soviet Union 1962 poɔ.

Yuomo pie ne ayi puoriŋ onaŋ wa be paaloŋ yobo tageraa o zannoo duoro saa, meɛrɛ o political philosophy ane nara ne o taa diasporic Pan-Africanists, Nkrumah leɛ wa la Gold Coast na piili o pɔletekal yɛlɛ naŋ e meŋɛ zɔɔ faabo. O meɛ la Nɔdaa Paate (CPP), naŋ nyɛ baabo weoŋ yi o unprecedented appeal to the common voter. O leɛ la prime minister 1952 poɔ ane o leɛ are la ana vuo na Ghana naŋ wa nyɛ sommeŋɛ yi Britain 1957 poɔ. 1960 poɔ, Ghanaians da neɛ la nu iri bɛgɛ gampaalaa kyɛ ɛlɛte Nkrumah Yidaandɔɔ.

O naaŋ da are la socialist ane nationalist. O kaa la national industrial ane faŋa yɛlɛ, a eŋ baabo ganzanne eŋɛ oŋ e kpeɛŋaa ane a zɛge Pan-Africanist yipɔge oŋ do saa. Nkrumah wagere, Ghana toŋ la international yelerre yaga African a decolonization wagere.

A zɔɔ maaroŋ wagere, Nkrumah da e la bone na a Wɛse naŋ maŋ boɔle ka authoritarian regime Ghana poɔ.

Kwame Nkrumah ma yuori da la Elizabeth Nyanibah aŋ da yi Anon juriyɛ. Ka o ba meŋ yuori da e Kofi Nɡonloma aŋ da yi juriyɛ ŋa baŋ boɔna ka "Elephant". O da deɛ Helena Ritz Fathia Nkrumah baŋ da dɔɡe biihi bata, Francis Gokeh, Sarmiah Yarba aneŋ Sekou Ritz.

## Yelkorɔ

### Pampana yelkorɔ
A Kumasi College ko Technology maŋ yuo la a 22 January 1952 neŋ 200 teekyare karembiiri naŋ yi Achimota wa, ka ba wa piili a a kolagyi. A October 1952, a sakuuri ko Engineering ane a Department ko Commerce da piilee naŋ da e a dɛndɛŋ soba. A Pharmacy Department da piilee January 1953, neŋ neɛ naŋ da e tontonna ko a Pharmacy yi a Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, ko a kolagyi. A department da zanna la yuomo ayi comprehensive course naŋ be a Pharmacy naŋ da vɛŋ ka ba maŋ terɛ Pharmacy Board Certificate. A Department ko a Agriculture meŋ da yuo la a yuoŋyeni ŋa poɔ naŋ da tere ad hoc zannoo dɔlɔ ko wagere mine, yi wagere fēē mine te wagere gyamaa mine, ko a Ministry of Agriculture. A Department ko General Studies da maalɛɛ ka o da wule biiri naŋ be Higher School Certificate Examinations kyaare Science ane Arts zanno dɔlɔ ane ka ba tere sobie zannoo dɔlɔ mine naŋ taa boɔbo mine ko departments sere mine.

Yi 1952 te ta 1955, a sakuuri ko Engineering da kyɔɔrɛɛ sakubiiri kyaare neŋ professional qualifications yoŋ. A 1955, da taa la zannoo neŋ dɔlɔ mime naŋ da be a  University of London Bachelor ko Engineering External Degree Examinations.

A 1957, a sakuuri ko Architecture, Town Planning ane Building meŋ da piilee. A o sakubiiri dɛndɛŋ soba da piilee January 1958, kyaare professional zannoo dɔlɔ

A kolagyi da yɔlɛɛ, o da eɛ a  Kumasi kolagyi ko Technology naŋ da e science ane technology sakuuri. Mere naŋ beebe, a teekyɛre tureeni kolagyi, neŋ a ba paalebo ko Art Sakuuri, da la leɛre la yi January 1958, ko a Winneba tureeni kolagyi; a 1959 a Commerce Department da leɛre gaa la Achimota ka o da maale a Sakuuri kyaare Administration naŋ be a University of Ghana, Legon.

A December 1960, a Gɔbena ko a Ghana da iree neɛ ko a University Commission ka o tere kpaamo kyaare neŋ a university zannoo saazu duobu yeltare, neŋ yeltare ka ba leɛre a University kolagyi gaaneŋ Ghana ane a  Kumasi College of Technology gaaneŋ someŋɛ University of Ghana. Duoruu tuubu mine yi a commission naŋ da yi wieoŋ a 1961, a gɔbena da maalɛɛ a sommenne univɛnitiri naŋ be a Kumasi ane Legon, Accra. A Kumasi Kolagyi ko Technology da leɛre la gaa, yineŋ kaabo naŋ da be a R. P. Baffour, ko a full-fledged university, ane a yuori  **Kwame Nkrumah University of Science ane Technology** yi a merɛ naŋ be a Parliament a 22 August 1961. A yuori da eɛ puoraa ko Kwame Nkrumah, naŋ e a dɛndɛŋ prime minister kyɛ ta wagere kaŋa da e a president ko a Ghana.

A January 1966, Marr Grounds, naŋ e American/Australian yielŋmeɛrɛ naŋ kpeɛrɛ California, da nyɛ la iruuŋ kaŋa naŋ e karema ko a  architecture a da maale yuomo ayi, kyɛ pãã da la leɛroo gaa a University of Sydney School ko Architecture, Design ane Planning a 1968.

A yuori da taa leɛroo gaaneŋ University of Science ane Technology yi a zɔɔre puoriŋ a 24 February 1966. A University ko Science ane Technology da piilee a  Wednesday, 20 November 1961. Neŋ a lɛ zaa, a merɛ kaŋa a  Parliament (Act 559 a 1998) da leɛrɛɛ a yuori gaaneŋ a yuori meŋɛ waaloŋ, a Kwame Nkrumah University ko Science ane Technology, Kumasi.

## Kampuusiri

### Kumasi kampuusi
A Kumasi kampuusi la a kampuusi kpoŋ ko a  university. O na baŋ taɛ mɛlɛ ayɔpoi a zieŋ ane mɛlɛ anii (13 km) ko a east a Kumasi. O taa la a Central Administration ane deri menne mine.

### Obuasi kampuusi
A Obuasi kampuusi piiluu saŋa da la a 4 November 2020 neŋ o da naŋ taa a inception a yuoni 2019 gba. O taa la 15 undergraduate programmes, naŋ e zannoo dɔlɔ ayɔpoi ko Engineering programmes, zannoo dɔlɔ anaare ko Business Administration programmes, zannoo dɔlɔ ata ko Allied Health Sciences programmes ane zannoo dɔlɔ yeni ko Science programme.

## Organization ane administration

### Principal ɔfisiri
A principal officers ko a university la a chancellor, chairman ko a University Council ane vice-chancellor. A 2018, a wederoŋ vuo kyaare a chancellor da taa soɔbo ko a Asantehene Otumfuo Osei Tutu II.

## Nyovori piiloo ane kanno-yelitaree

### Gold Coast
Kwame Nkrumah  dogebu da e la Tuesday daare , 21 September 1909 a Nkroful, Gold Coast (now Ghana). Nkroful  da e la kuri bile a  Nzema area, nang be a  southwest ko a  Gold Coast, nang pieli a  frontier ning a  French colony a ko a  Ivory Coast. O ba da ba kpeira ning o yideme , kye da tona a  Half Assini  ziena ung zanne o  goldsmith   daabu yelitarihi  awaana o kuung. Kwame Nkrumah o ma ane yideme da guoloo, noba nang lang kpeira ane lasiri  kye taa dogeriba nang be toori  nang mang wa nyeba wagere ne wagere.O da kpeiree  peenhibu o biibiilong wagere , a kuraa poung , a moo puong, nang da pieli a mani .

Wagere na o nang da be a sakuuri bie a United States, ba da buonoo ka Francis Nwia Kofi Nkrumah, Kofi da e la Akan yuori ba nang mang ku dɔɔ ba doge Fridays. Pouring ung leuhi a youri gaa Kwame Nkrumah in 1945 in the UK,yoe buoraa  "Kwame". A duoho a yi Ebenezer Obiri Addo o karembo gaa nimbituori paalikaara, a yuori "Nkrumah", a lasiri yuori ba nang mang ko a ninth child, wolee ka Kwame ‘mine kangang nyee zie a o Ba deu , nie nang taa poeba gyemaa.

O Ba, Opanyin Kofi Nwiana Ngolomah, yie Nkroful nang be a Nzema East pampana ba buola Ellembele, ung da e a Asona clan of the Akan Tribe. ziiri wolee ka Ngolomah kpee a Tarkwa-Nsuaem ane ung tung a goldsmith business.

Ngolomah da taa gyirima ko a yeng ane kawani ko noba nang boura kawani yi o lasiri yela ane deu yele-taaree.O da kpiye ayuoni 1927.

Kwame da e la o Ma biyeni . O gaanoo a elementary school nang da kaara yi a Catholic mission a Half Assini, ziena ung a sagi ka o e ye sakuri bizigilii .

Anaazaa ka o Ma , nie ba nang da buola Elizabeth Nyanibah (1876/77–1979), puoring da leu yelee ka dogibo bebiri 1912, Nkrumah segee ka o dogibo bebiri e la 21 September 1909. O Ma yire e la Nsuaem kye ung yi a Agona family. o da e la zingkuora ane yaagu e-ra wagere ung da kuli sera. o dogibo beri anii puoring , o Ba da buoloo ka Francis Nwia-Kofi o nang da e dogera kanga yuori,puori ka o ba ne o ma koo ka Francis Kwame Ngolomah

O ‘nimbi-toori gaabu ning a yuon- pie fora-yeli-irihi yuomo anii puong  . A yuoni  1925, o da e la bibiiri karemkanna a  sakuri ane ung da e baptized nang be  Catholic faith.kye da be a sakuuu ,noba buoloo ka   Reverend Alec Garden Fraser, ning kpong ko a Government Training College (soon to become Achimota School) nang be a  Gold Coast's capital, Accra. Fraser maali ‘bing ko  Nkrumah ka o zanne ŋa a karema nang be sakuu . ziena, Columbia-educated deputy headmaster Kwegyir Aggrey  da e-roo kyaare a teiha yi  Marcus Garvey ane W. E. B. Du Bois. Aggrey, Fraser, ane ning jaani a   Achimota puong  anaazaa ka langtaa na bilabe ko a baloo kpachage  nang kaara a Gold Coast, kye Nkrumah, echoing Garvey, leu wa teiha ka ningsagne baloo minga kaabo   da naang tuong taa haakili‘yeni ba buuri kpachaga.

Ung da nye o karima mine sieree gbangu yi a  Prince of Wales' College a Achimota a yuoni 1930, Nkrumah da nyee karembu toma nang be Roman Catholic primary school in Elmina a yuoni 1931. A pari a pari yuoni boyeni, o da e la a karima mine ning kpong ko a Axim.  A Axim, o da piilee kpieree paalikaa yelitarihikye leu te be a  Nzema Literary Society. A yuoni 1933, ba e-roo ung e karema ko a  Catholic seminary at Amissano. Anaazaa ka be kpiebo da e la tuo ,kye o un

da nung bila, ane o na da buora ka o leu   Jesuit. Nkrumah  o da wonye a ‘duohi-seura ane nimbituri Nigerian paalikaara  Nnamdi Azikiwe yela kye sukuri biiri a Achimota; a daba bai da nyee taa kye  Azikiwe's haakila teibo da paahi  Nkrumah nungbo a  black nationalism.A karema bile da buora ka o karim gaa nimbituori. Azikiwe  da gaa la  Lincoln University, a historically black college nang be  Chester County, Pennsylvania, west ko Philadelphia, kye e Nkrumah kawani ka o kpe be.

Nkrumah,da fieliye u daanuori; teesi  ko a  London University,o da nyee sungbo ko o yuobo ane o sakuuri yelitaree yi o dogereba seng .o da chenye gaa Britain, ziena ung zanne, ko o nimbikuoniiyi Italy's  ngmaabu  ko Ethiopia, a paaloo bonyeni kanga yi a independent African nations. o da gaa a  United States, a October 1935

### United States
A yi ayeli’kori seuseura  John Henrik Clarke o atiklehi ku a  Nkrumah's American sojourn, " a haakila leubo yi a yuom-pie ung nang da be a United States  da taa naaribo jeri nyiibu ko o nyovore chelee nang kpaling." Nkrumah  da  moo nye kpiebu ko Lincoln University wagere kanga seni ung piilee karembo a beng.

Nkrumah da baaree  a Bachelor of Arts degree a economics ane sociology a yuoni  1939. Lincoln  leu e-roo ung e‘wuliwulo  sungna a bambu bii daanhibu buobu.O da piilii diaree  buolibo ka o e a  saamba nie ang muola Ngmini yela a Presbyterian churches in Philadelphia ane New York. A yuoni  1939, Nkrumah  da kpe a  Lincoln's seminary ane a  Ivy League institution, a University of Pennsylvania nang be Philadelphia ane a yuoni  1942,o da piilii tuni a  Mu chapter of Phi Beta Sigma fraternity at Lincoln University. Nkrumah nyee a Bachelor of Theology degree yi a Lincoln a 1942, a karembi-zudaana a koose . O sanyeu diabo yi a Penn a tuuro  a yuoni a  Master ko Arts degree nang be philosophy ane a Master of Science in education. Wagere a Penn, Nkrumah tomee ning a kokojera ‘wono William Everett Welmers, a kuro a yelibo bungma nang maali a munpiilee ku a fora  descriptive grammar ko a teng-be Fante dialect of the Akan language. Nkrumah ming da piilee tuma ning a Prince Hall Freemasonry kye da kpiera a United States.

Nkrumah da kannee bukuri agaa paalikaa yelitarihi ane Ngminihung yela zannuu , ane biirii karembo a bambu bii daanhibu buobu. A yuoni  1943 Nkrumah da nyee  Trinidadian Marxist C. L. R. James, Russaian  long paalijaala Raya Dunayevskaya, ane Chinese-American Grace Lee Boggs,ba zaa da e la membare ko a  American-based Marxist intellectual cohort. Nkrumah puoring da tiehi yeli ‘ku ye James ning o karembo  "bila tenge muni toma  chene mang be ". Federal Bureau of Investigation  gbama ing’zie ko  Nkrumah,  kpeling yi a January to May 1945,da wuloo  nie ang tuong sagi ‘komunizim. Nkrumah da  e la siiri ka o gaa  London, a buora ka o nang kanne gaa  ‘nimbi-toori a Second World War da baaree . James, a yuoni1945  puori wulee  Nkrumah to Trinidad-born George Padmore a London,seuye: " A dau baapaala waana o zie .O da ba e nimbiyuoro,kye anaa-zaa  da erakura o le ne ung na tuong bonso o  da eraa siri ka o za Europeans yi a  Africa."

### London
Nkrumah da leu gaaye London a May 1945 puong kye kpe a  London School of Economics aŋa  a PhD ning‘lugiroo a  Anthropology. O da leu eree  a sukuu ‘biihi ‘yuobu ti ta ba bahibu puoring a yuoni pring ung da kpe  University College London, ning a  nimbi-zie ing ka o seu a  bambu bii daanhibu buobu siing lemeleme a "Knowledge and Logical Positivism".  o ningkpong , A. J. Ayer, zaanhibu ka o maahi nye  Nkrumah aŋa a  "first-class philosopher",a yela , "ing nungla o yela ane a mang ‘wong noo ning o yeliyaga kye o da ba ‘woning wa ung taa haakila . O da buora ‘ihi jugihibu nuori  wieng ‘wieng. ing teiha ka tilahi chelee da e la ka o da ba  cheliha kpiengaa ko a yelinyogiruu . bila da e la sori nang wono a wagere a gara ka a sori ‘yuobu wa ka o leu  gaa Gaana ." A baaraa , Nkrumah da  kpee , kye da ba baare , a karimbo ko begu a Gray's Inn.

Nkrumah dia o wagere ko paalikaa-yelitare langbo  o minga ane Padmore  da paahiye a zu-daana lambu ‘yi-diereba, ane libi-kaareba ,ko a  Fifth Pan-African Congress a Manchester (15–19 October 1945). A gbebogu-ahiba langbo ‘bigihi ta a *.*taanhu yelitarihi segihibu ko a vuori saamba wa die paaluu kaara.Ba da sagi a ‘tu bau a federal United States of Africa, ning with  liriha taa paaloo lambo, a kaara yi  welihibo paalihi ko  ngmaa sori berii kpiengu. Ba da segehiye a tu bau ko a  new African lasiri kye ba taa dogirii welibu,yeli ka-n-yeli naang yela ning lang’dima tumbo,  laanha lanna taaba dangkaari yeli ‘lombori kanga ning bungpaalaa tiehibo , ane ka a bila nga nye yi  non-violent wulee ka a na e la tuongbo. A paahi noba nang gaa a lambo da e la  bungtiinhuu  W. E. B. Du Bois  a ning mine nang da dia yidiebo toma  ka ba e yi-dieriba ko a paaloo so-n-minga deme a paahi  Hastings Banda of Nyasaland (nang leu Malawi), Jomo Kenyatta ko Kenya ane Obafemi Awolowo koNigeria.

## 1966 coup d'état
See also: National Liberation Council § 1966 coup

A February 1966,  kye ka Nkrumah  da bila sori gara ka o ta nye a North Vietnam ane China, o paalikaa da  ihi nie naalung ‘kogong a miihuu  *coup d'état* ang dia zu yi a paaloo  military ane police forces, ning  sungbu yi a civil service. A noba nang da buora ka ba toung beu  conspirators, ‘yie diera  da e-ye  Joseph Arthur Ankrah, da kuye ba mine yuori ka a  National Liberation Council ane o kaabo  awa soje yela paalikaabo  yuomo ata agaa  . Nkrumah da zanne ko a   coup sene ung da te-ta  a China. A coup puoring,Nkrumah  da kpee a Beijing beri anaare, ane Premier Zhou Enlai  da kaakoo ning gyirima .

## Foomaraa leubu ane kuung
Main article: Death and state funeral of Kwame Nkrumah

Nkrumah kpeing a 27 April 1972, a Bucharest, a teng kpong ku a Romania,ko yela babanginuu  kye ang ba sogili baalung. a  coup wagere , o daang kpiera a  Guinean teng-kpong ko Conakry, ang jeng ‘tengeng wagiri nga.

## Daanhibu ane Cheng bung
O wagere, Nkrumah da nyee Kyɔɔtaɛ ko awarded honorary doctorates  yi universities jemaa a paahi  Lincoln University (Pennsylvania), Moscow State University (USSR), Cairo University (Egypt), Jagiellonian University (Poland), ane Humboldt University (East Germany).

A yi a ‘nimbiyuo  ‘sieree gbanseu ‘binnuu barebo yi a  U.S. Department of State's Office of the Historian, "Nkrumah  da e-ree yele gyemaa ka o ligiri bung ‘muning ko a  [U.S. government] buobo gang a  black African jaa ."

A September 2009, President John Atta Mills da wulee a  21 September (the 100th anniversary of Kwame Nkrumah's birth) ung e a   Founders' Day, a kparaama pennuu ‘bebiri  a Gaana ka ba teihe a nabaali yela ko Kwame Nkrumah. A  April 2019, President Akufo-Addo  da sagi ku  a  Public Holidays (Amendment) Act 2019  nang leure a  21 September yi Founders' Day gaaKwame Nkrumah Memorial Day.

## Meŋa nyɔvore-yele
Kwame Nkrumah kulee  Fathia Ritzk, an Egyptian Coptic bank  tongtuna ane sakuuri karema koree , a ‘zi-maanii o na da waana a Gaana pou: New Year's Eve, 1957–1958. Fathia's  ma da zaahiye ka o buoli ngmini ko o ba kuli-taa yele ne puong, o bie kanga nang da yi ne a dau saana.

Aŋa kuli-taa deme, Fathia ane Nkrumah  da taa biiri bata : Gamal (born 1958), Samia (born 1960) ane Sekou (born 1964). Gamal da e la  ‘duohi-saamba gbangu seura  , ky  ka Samia ane Sekou ming da e la  paalikaa tuntuniba . Nkrumah  da taa bidau zaala, Francis, a paediatrician (born 1935). 

## O Yeli yaɡa Ŋmaara Mine
"N nuŋ yɛŋ ka N so n meŋa kyɛ be dɔɡee poɔŋ ɡaa ka N ta so n meŋa" 

"Ghana meŋa soubu ba tare tɔna jaa ka Africa paaluu jaa ba so o meŋa" 

"Africa taree sɔre ka te laŋtaa"

"Nimitɔɔre ɡaabu yoŋ, boɔre ɡaabu kyibe"

"Eŋ ba e neɛ aŋ yɛli ka N yie Africa baŋ dɔɡe ma Africa kye juŋ, eŋ eɛ neɛ aŋ yi Africa bojuŋ ba dɔɡee Africa eŋ eŋan"

"Te ihee panpana. Te daŋ kula ɡbihi jaa. Aŋ yi jine ɡara, Africa paalaa waɛ dunee"

"Ka neɛ era yɛla kyɛ ba tieha eɛ yelkpala. Ka neɛ tieha kyɛ ba ihi era eɛ wa jɔŋloŋ"

"Neɛ jaa aŋ yi Africa, ka e bie "North" bee "South America", "Carrabean" dɛme bee dunee lombori jiejaa baŋ be eɛ nuba aŋ yi Africa"

"Meŋa soɔbu ba e boŋ eŋ na de ko neɛ a wa kyeotaa. Yɛ boŋ la neɛ meŋ jaa koŋ baŋ bimuu koɛ" 

#### vuune toma mine
Nkrumah's da terɛɛ sommo ko a industrial development, sommo ko a Minister of Finance, Komla Agbeli Gbedema, ko a  Volta River Project: a Meɛbo ko a hydroelectric power plant, a Akosombo Dam kyaare a Volta River a eastern Ghana. A Volta River Project da la a duoruu terɛ ko Nkrumah's economic programme. A 20 February 1958, o da yeli ko la National Assembly: "n taa la sagedeebo kpeɛŋaa ko a Volta River Project naŋ maŋ terɛ a sobie naŋ maŋ vɛŋ ka te  kpɛ a economic independence." Ghana da nyɛ sommo yi United States, Israel ane a  World Bank ka ba mɛ dampo.

Kaiser Aluminum da sagɛɛ ka ba da mɛ a dampo ko Nkrumah, kyɛ da are neŋ feeroŋ neŋ boma na ba naŋ na de maale neŋ a fintindigili. Nkrumah da pɛŋɛɛ libie ka ba da mɛ neŋ a dampo, naŋ da vɛŋ sanne da be a Ghana. Ka ba da soŋ yɔɔ a sane, o da duorɛɛŋ zuyɔɔ naŋ be cocoa koɔreba a south. Ŋaa da vɛŋɛɛ nimikpɛ yɛlɛ da bebe. A dampo Meɛbo da baarɛɛ kyɛ naŋ piili a Nkrumah amidst global publicity a 22 January 1966.

Nkrumah da wanne la Ghana Nuclear Reactor Project a  1961, naŋ taa piiluu a Ghana Atomic Energy Commission a 1963, ane a 1964 naŋ da vɛŋ a kuuri dɛndɛŋ ka o da e a atomic energy facility.

#### Cocoa
A 1954 a tendaa zaa  cocoa daaroŋ da zɛge do ko a cocoa koɔba ka ba are ko windfall, Nkrumah da senne neŋ la a duobu ko central government levies, naŋ da vɛŋ ka o da areko a national development projects. A yɛlɛ ama mine da soŋ o la ka o da la do wederoŋ.

Boma daaroŋ da naŋ duoro saa. A 1960 a cocoa baagyi daaroŋ da arɛɛ £250 a London. A August 1965 a daaroŋ da arɛɛ £91. A daaroŋ duobu da sigee yi a Gɔbena naŋ da areko a  boŋguri ane koɔba ka ba da nyɛ a arekoobo.

### Saakonnoŋ
Nkrumah da eɛ ardent promoterko a pan-Africanism, naŋ  nyɛ gaabo e *"quest for regional integration of the whole of the African continent"*. A saŋa ko Nkrumah's nimizeeloŋ ko politisi taa la mannoo naŋ e "golden age of high pan-African ambitions"; a continent da nyɛɛ nationalist movements ane decolonization ko a European colonial powers, ane historians da nyɛ la duoruu ka "a mannoo ane solidarity da nyɛɛ momentum naŋ be a pan-Africanist movement". Naŋ leɛ teɛre African heritage, Nkrumah gbɛɛ gyamaa na maŋ eschewed Western fashion, donning a fugu (a Northern attire) naŋ taa Southern-produced Kente cloth, a banaa taa la bambo. O da paalɛɛ a piiluu a Ghana Museum a 5 March 1957; a Arts Council of Ghana, a wing ko a Ministry of Education ane Culture, a 1958; a Research Library a African Affairs a June 1961; ane a Ghana Film Corporation a 1964. A 1962, Nkrumah naŋ taa yuobu a Institute of African Studies.

A campaign yineŋ nudity naŋ be a northern naŋ paale a teŋɛ naŋ nyɛ special attention yi Nkrumah, naŋ da nyɛ Propaganda Secretary Hannah Cudjoe ka ba tere yeluu. Cudjoe meŋ da maalɛɛ a Ghana Women's League, naŋ da zɛge a Party's agenda kyaare nutrition, biiri guoluu, ane bonsuuri suubu. A League meŋ da la yi la zɔɔre naŋ da taa sommo ko French nuclear weapons a Sahara. Cudjoe wasda iree consolidation kyaare national women's groups, a da vɛŋ sentaaloŋ be a Party poɔŋ.

Merɛ da bebe a 1959 ane 1960 naŋ da kyaare wederoŋ mine a parliament naŋ da taa wederoŋ neŋ pɔge. Pɔgeba mine da taa la zɛgebo gaa CPP Central Committee. Pɔgeba gyamaa da gaa la Yunivɛniti, a da furi tonsonne mine teseŋ medicine ane law, kyɛ da la gaa neŋ professional trips a Israel, a Soviet Union, ane a Eastern Bloc. Pɔgeba meŋ da kpɛɛ sogyaaloŋ ane  air force. Pɔgeba gyamaa da be la koɔbo ane yɛroŋ; bamine da nyɛɛ sommo yi Co-operative Movement.

Nkrumah's enfuomo da yɛre pɔgɛɛ a zie zaa, teseŋ, a postage stamps ane a libie, naŋ taa yitaaloŋ neŋ monarchs – naŋ terɛ fodder gɛgɛroŋ naŋ bebe ko Nkrumahist ka o paalɛɛ kɔlt.

#### Increased power of the Convention People's Party
A 1962, baapaaba Mɛmbare bata mine naŋ be CPP da taa la eebo kyaare plot ka ba da saa  Nkrumah's lɔɔrɛ naŋ be a motorcade. A yelmennoŋ naŋ be kyaare a plotters la na da zoe a lɔɔrɛ yineŋ a Nkrumah's lɔɔrɛ. A naŋ wuli ka a guguro da bebe la, Nkrumah da iree a guguro o tomaŋ naŋ be a state security court, kyɛ da vɛŋ a CPP-dominated parliament biŋ merɛ kyaare ne a yɛlɛ. A gbɛre boyi soba, dɔba bata zaa da taa kūū yi a yɛlɛ, kyɛ a naŋ wuli ka a nyɔgebo ŋa da wuli ka ba gaa pɔgebo dieŋ a ba nyɔvori gbuli zaa. Yi a be, a begemaale ganne da leɛ taa maalo kaa ba da ko a perɛsidɛn faŋa ka o da iri a gyaagyiri naŋ be a ɔfere naŋ zaa. 

A 1964, Nkrumah da maalɛɛ begimaaale ganne yɛlɛ leɛroo naŋ na vɛŋ a  CPP ka o da e a politikal paate naŋ taa sagedeebo, neŋ Nkrumah ka o e a perɛsidɛn ko a teŋɛ ane a paati.Gane leɛroo da taa la sagedeebo neŋ  99.91 % yi a kɔɔ poɔ  vootu bie, naŋ da vɛŋ a noba banaŋ na da kaara ka ba da yeli yelgaalema ka a vootu da eɛ  "obviously rigged". Ghana da eɛ teŋɛ neŋ paati yeni yi a ba  independence. A leɛroo da vɛŋɛɛ Nkrumah's perɛsidɛn da leɛ gaa a *de facto* legal dictatorship.

### Civil service
Yi a puori kyaare substantial Africanization ko a civil service a 1952–60, a noɔre ko a expatriates da la zɛge do la saa a  1960 te ta 1965. A noba ba naŋ na kaara yiwaabo zie da ba e a United Kingdom kyɛ da e Soviet Union, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, ane Italy.

## Kyɔɔtaɛ

### Tenne mine Kyɔɔtaɛ

## Kwame Nkrumah Toma O Naŋ Toŋ

* "Negro History: European Government in Africa", *The Lincolnian*, 12 April 1938, p.&nbsp;2 (Lincoln University, Pennsylvania) – see Special Collections and Archives, Lincoln University 
* "Primitive Education in West Africa," *Educational Outlook,* January 1941 (University of Pennsylvania). See 
* "Education and Nationalism in Africa," *Educational Outlook,* November 1943 (University of Pennsylvania). See 
* *Ghana: The Autobiography of Kwame Nkrumah* (1957). 
* *Africa Must Unite* (1963). 
* *African Personality* (1963)

* *Neo-Colonialism, the Last Stage of Imperialism* (1965)
* *Axioms of Kwame Nkrumah* (1967). 
* *African Socialism Revisited* (1967)
* *[https://books.google.com/books?id=nGB1AAAAMAAJ Challenge of the Congo] * (1967)
**Voice From Conakry* (1967). 
* *Dark Days in Ghana* (1968). 
* *Handbook of Revolutionary Warfare* (1968). 
* *The Way Out, "Civilian Rule" Fraud and A  Call for Positive Action and Armed Struggle* (1970){{Cite book |last=Nkrumah |first=Kwame |title=The Way Out, "Civilian Rule" Fraud and A Call for Positive Action and Armed Struggle |publisher=Panaf Books |year=1970 |edition=Reprinted |location=University of London, Senate House Library}
* *Consciencism: Philosophy and Ideology for De-Colonisation* (1970). 
* *Class Struggle in Africa* (1970). 
* *The Struggle Continues* (1973). {{Cite book|last=Nkrumah, Kwame |title=The struggle continues: six ... pamphlets|date=1973|publisher=Panaf Books Ltd|isbn=0-901787-41-8|location=London|oclc=3073780}
* *I Speak of Freedom* (1973). 
* *Revolutionary Path* (1973). 

## Tigri
Yelyaga boɔbo leɛ kaa Kwame Nkrumah tigiri

## Meŋ Kaa Kyɛ
Nkrumah gɔbena

## Kyɛle kyɛ

## Meŋɛ Nyɔvooroŋ

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## Nimitɔɔre mine kannoo

* Arhin, Kwame (1993). *The Life and Work of Kwame Nkrumah*. Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, Inc.  (08543395X)
* Baynham, Simon (1988). *The Military and Politics in Nkrumah's Ghana*. Westview Special Studies on Africa. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, Inc. (Frederick A. Praeger), 
* Biney, Ama. "The Legacy of Kwame Nkrumah in Retrospect." *Journal of Pan African Studies* 2.3 (2008). online , historiography
* Biney, Ama. *The political and social thought of Kwame Nkrumah* (2011).
* Biney, Ama. "The Development of Kwame Nkrumah's Political Thought in Exile, 1966–1972." *Journal of African History* 50.1 (2009): 81–100.
* Bretton, Henry L. *The rise and fall of Kwame Nkrumah: a study of personal rule in Africa* (1967).
* 
* Defense Intelligence Agency, "Supplement, Kwame Nkrumah, President of Ghana ", 12-January-1966.
* Gerits, Frank. "'When the Bull Elephants Fight': Kwame Nkrumah, Non-Alignment, and Pan-Africanism as an Interventionist Ideology in the Global Cold War (1957–66)."  *International History Review* 37.5 (2015): 951–969.
* Gocking, Roger S.  *The History of Ghana* (2005).
* 
* 
* Milne, June. *Kwame Nkrumah: a biography* (1999).
* 
* Mwakikagile, Godfrey (2015), *Western Involvement in Nkrumah's Downfall*. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: New Africa Press. 
* Omari, T. Peter. *Kwame Nkrumah: The anatomy of an African dictatorship* (1970).
* Pinkney, Robert (1972). *Ghana Under Military Rule 1966–1969*. London: Methuen & Co Ltd. 
* 
* Rooney, David. *Kwame Nkrumah: The Political Kingdom in the Third World* (1988).
* Rui Lopes & Víctor Barros (2019) "Amílcar Cabral and the Liberation of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde: International, Transnational, and Global Dimensions ." The International History Review.
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* Smertin, Yuri. *[https://archive.org/details/nkrumahsmertin Kwame Nkrumah]*. Moscow: Progress Publishers. 1987.
* Sonderegger, Arno (2016). "How the Empire Wrote Back: Notes on the Struggle of George Padmore and Kwame Nkrumah". In: *Kwame Nkrumah 1909-1972: A Controversial African Visionary. Edited by Bea Lundt and Christoph Marx*. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag: 19-38.
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* Žák, Tomáš František (2016). "Applying the Weapon of Theory: Comparing the Philosophy of Julius Kambarage Nyerere and Kwame Nkrumah". *Journal of African Cultural Studies*. 28 (2): 147–160. doi:10.1080/13696815.2015.1053798 . S2CID 146709996.

## Ziiri mine Liŋkiri

* Faces of Africa Kwame Nkrumah 
* Kwame Nkrumah Mausoleum and Museum at Nkroful, Western Region
* Kwame Nkrumah Memorial Park & Museum, Accra 
* Ghana-pedia Kwame Nkrumah
* Ghana-pedia ''Operation Cold Chop'': The Fall Of Kwame Nkrumah

* Excerpt from ''Commanding Heights''  by Daniel Yergin and Joseph Stanislaw
* Timeline of events related to the overthrow of Kwame Nkrumah
* The Kwame Nkrumah Lectures at the University of Cape Coast, Ghana, 2007 
* Kwame Nkrumah Information and Resource Site 
* Ghana re-evaluates Nkrumah  by *[[The Global Post]]*
* Dr Kwame Nkrumah's Midnight Speech on the day of Ghana's independence&nbsp;– 6 March 1957.
* Newsreel on First Conference of Independent African States 
* "Father of Ghana's independence Kwame Nkrumah died 50 years ago • FRANCE 24 English" 

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## Sommo Yizie