Democratic Republic of the Congo

**Democratic Republic of the Congo** salo ni lahi mi sheli **DR Congo**, **Congo-Kinshasa**, bee **Congo** , bee chɛla, salo gba tooi lahi zooi ka be booni li 

Zaire (din nye di suuna yuli   tuun yuuni 1971 hali zaŋ na n-ti kpa yuuni 1997) nyɛla tiŋ zuɣu din be gbansabila tiŋbani sunsuuni puli ni bɛ ni mi shɛli "*Central Africa*" la. Di yi kana tiŋgbani galisim polo, di nyɛla tingbani shɛli din pahiri ayi gbansabila tingbana puuni amaa ka nye din pahiri pia ni yini zuɣu andunia yaangi zuɣu tingbana ni. Pirinla di mali daadam ka bɛ kalinli chaŋ n ti paai miliyon kɔbgi ni pia ni ayi la zuɣu, tingbani ŋɔ nyɛla gbansabila tingbani shɛli din pahi anahi din mali daadam bɛlim pam amaa ka nye tuuli zaŋ n kpa daadam bɛlim polo andunia yaangi zuɣu tingbana din tɔɣisiri *french* balli. *French* balli n nye bɛ tuuli balli ka lahi nye bali shɛli di salo pam ni tooi zooi n tɔɣisiri shɛli, hali tingbani maa ni mali bala ka di kalinli tooi paai kɔbshii ni ayi la gba. Tingbani ŋɔ tiŋ zuɣu ni tiŋ shɛli din galisi pam n nye Kinshasa. Di ni n nyɛ tingbani maa daabiligu ni lɛbigimsim kpaa shee. Tingbani  maa bala daansi ni *Republic of the Congo*, *Cabinda exclave of Angola* n ti pahi *South Atlantic Ocean*  di wuliŋ luhili polo, ka  ba' daansi ni ''Central African Republic'' n ti pahi *South [[Sudan]]* di zuɣu saa polo; ka ba' daansi ni *[[Uganda]]*, *[[Rwanda]]* n ti pahi *[[Tanzania]]* di wuliŋ puhili polo; ka lahi n ba' daansi ni *[[Zambia]]* n ti pahi *[[Angola]]* di Tiŋli polo. Pirimla di ni be *Congo basin* la puuni la zuɣu, tingbani maa yaɣa pam nyɛla din mali tihi pam, ka mɔɣa pam piri piri tingbani maa, amaa tingbani ŋɔ wuliŋ puɣili polo hali n ti kpa di tiŋli polo nyɛla din mali zɔya pam.

Na sɔ bɛ ni daa bɔlindi  *King Leopold II’s Congo Free State* (1885–1908) zaamani daa nyɛla din bi viɛli ti bilichini nim ban daa beni lala saha maa. Bɛ daa nyɛla ban bɛ wahala la ni. Niriba daa paai ka mani tuhi tusa m be futiina puuni. Ka mani nahiŋgu, kiŋkansi n ti ninvuɣ kuli. Yaha bɛ daa lahi nyɛla bɛ ni gbiri yihiri Naawuni ni baligi tingbani nama tiɛri kamani salima, *diamond* ka chɛ din pahi.

*Congo* yaɣili maa tuuli salo ba n daa n ʒi ni di puuni daa nyɛla ''Central African'' chani ginda n bori bindira shee kamani yuun tuhi pihi wei  nyaaŋa ka daa pa ti ʒini naai Bantu expansion kamani yuun tusa ayi hali ni yuun tusa ata nyaaŋa. Di wuliŋ luɣili yaɣili, tiungbani din nye *Kingdom of Kongo* la n nye din kpari bɔɣu m bei *Congo river* mɔɣali duli polo tuun yuun kɔbga din daa pahi pia ni anahi hali ni din daa pahi pia ni awei saha. Ayi kana n ti lihi di sunsuuni mini di wuliŋ puɣili polo, Tinsi kamani Mwene Muji, Luba  n ti pahi Lunda gba n daa su lala yaɣa maa yuun kɔbga din daa pahi pia ni anu hali ni din daa pahi pia ni awei sunsuuni. Gban'piɛla ban yi europe la daa nyɛla ban kana n ti piri piri tingbana ŋɔ zaa saha shɛli bɛ ni daa kana ni bɛ ti fa bɛ sulinsi. Naa ŋun yuli n daa nye Leopold II ŋun daa nye Bɛlegia tiŋgbani zuɣulana daa deei sɔli ni Congo yaɣili maa yuuni 1885 ka daa taɣili yuli Congo Free State. Yuuni 1908 puuni,Leopold II daa fala tiŋgbani maa m pahi o kpari bɔɣu ni. Congo gba daa tuhi n fa bɛ sulinsi Bɛlagia nim ŋɔ sani yuuni 1960, ka di bɛ daai bɛla ka tiŋgbani maa duhi hali ka di ti su ka bɛ ku di zuɣu  lana palo maa ŋun daa nye Patrice Lumumba, ka Mobutu Sese Seko daa zaŋ yaa n deei tiŋ maa sulinsi yuuni 1965. Mobutu gba daa taɣi la tingbani maa yuli Zaire yuuni 1971 ka daa zaŋ kiŋkansi m gbibi salo maa tingbani maa ni. 

Suhudoo daa koŋla tingbani maa ni. Di ni daa niŋ ka ban zɔri yaa kooro Tɔbu shɛli din daa ŋmɛri tingbani maa wuliŋ puɣili polo ka bɛ daa bɔli li Rwandan Civil War la, ka lala maa zuɣu daa yiɣisi tuuli tɔbu tiŋ maa ni yuuni 1996 hali ni yuuni 1997, ka di daa ti su Mobutu nam kuɣu zuɣu yiɣisibu. Tingbani maa yuli daa lahi taɣi m labi na Democratic Republic of the Congo ka di tɔbu din daa pahi ayi gba daa n tɔ yuuni 1998 hali ni yuuni 2003, ka di daa di salo pam nyɛvuya ban kalinli daa paai Miliyon Dibaa anu ni tuhi kɔbsi nahi, hali ka di ti su ka bɛ ku di zuɣu  lana lala saha maa ŋun daa nye Laurent-Desire Kabila. Tɔbu ŋɔ, din daa nye salo ni mi shɛli ka di daa di niriba pam nyɛvuya andunia yaangi zaa tɔbu din daa pahi ayi la nyaaŋa, daa kpila saha shɛli tingbani zuɣu lana Joseph Kabila ni deei nam, ŋun daa labisi suhudoo na tingbani maa yaɣa pam ni, pirinla luɣi shɛŋa din daa bei di wuliŋ puɣili polo daa na tuɣiri taba zaa yɔli. Salo suhuyurilim daa bɛ yɔli ka taba nahimbu daa yɔli tingbani maa puuni, kamani salo kinkaŋsi yiɣibu, sala ningbuŋ nahimbu, salo sarika kpɛhibu n ti pahi salo maa bɛ chani bɛ yubu. Kabila daa sheei la zuɣulana tali yuuni 2019, ka di nye tuuli tingbani maa taarihi ni ka tingbai zuɣulana yiɣisi nam ni ni suhudoo tuum tingbani maa ni deei di sulinsi, di ni daa niŋ ka Felix Tshisekedi daa di nasara yuuni 2018 piibu piibu la ni. Tuum yuma 2000s la saha, Bi' bɛhi lahingu nima din kalinli paai kɔbga m bei tingbani maa ni, ka bɛ yaa tooi zooi Kivu yaɣili. Tiŋ maa tiŋ' kara zaɣi yino din nye Goma la daa nyɛla Bi' bɛhi ŋɔ ni daa ku deei shɛli yuuni 2012 ni yaha, yuuni 2025 puuni. Bi'bɛlim daa kpaŋsila yuuni 2025 din daa niŋ ka bɛ fa tiŋsi pam pahi bɛ sulinsi  ni Tingbani maa wuliŋ puɣili yaɣili, ka bɛ daa lahi tooi nya sɔŋsim zaŋ chaŋ linjima polo Rwanda sana, ka lala maa zuɣu tahi zabili tiŋsi ayi maa sunsuuni. Suhudoo laɣingbaai sɔya daa nyela Amɛrika gban'piɛla nima ni daa pili shɛli tinsi ayi maa sunsuuni ka Rwanda mini Tingbani ŋɔ daa dihi bɛ nuhi gbana maa zuɣu silimin gɔli June, yuuni 2025.

Hali din ku niŋ ka tingbani maa mali ariziki nam tiɛri la gba, DRC pahila andunia yaangi zuɣu tiŋ shɛŋa fara ni bei pam, piriŋla tɔbu tɔbu maa, lɛbigimsim kalinsi, kɔrinfɔɣili, yuun bɔba silimiinsi zubu zubu, hali ka tingbani maa deei di maŋ sulinsi yuun pihiyɔbu zuŋɔ, ka na ka lɛbigimsim. Tingbani ŋɔ nahingbana chaŋ mi n ti luŋ zaɣim tingbana shɛŋa bɛ ni bɔli **reource curse'.'' Tingbani maa tiŋsi ayi din gba nye tiŋ kara m-pa tiŋ zuɣu Kinshasa, n nye Lubumbashi mini Mbuji-Mayi, ka tiŋsi ayi ŋɔ zaa nyɛla salo ni gbiri salima tiŋa shɛŋa. DRC ni zooi ka di mali nam tiɛri ariziki nɛma n yiri sambani ni ti niŋdi daabilim n nye saliŋ' shɛli din na bɛ tahi pam bee kuriti, ka kɔbga puuni ka di su vaabu pihinii tiŋ maa ni mali nam tiɛri ariziki nɛma n yiri sambani ni ti niŋdi daabilim laasabu ni yuuni 2023 puuni, ka di tooi zooi ka di niŋdi daabilim ni China. Yuuni 2023 puuni, DR Congo kpaŋ maŋa zaŋ chaŋ bɛ salo toontibo polo daa doli a kɔbga ni pihiyɔpɔin ni yini (171) tiŋsi kɔbga ni pihiwei ni ata puuni (193), ka pubu ŋɔ daa yina ''Human Development Index.'' United Nations (UN) nima gba zaŋ la tingbani ŋɔ m pahi andunia yaangi zuɣu tingbana din na bei nyaanŋa lɛbiginmsim polo. Yuuni 2022 puuni, piriŋla tɔbu tɔbu maa n ti pahi suhudoo kalinsi tingbani maa ni, salo ban kalinli yiɣisi miliyon yini nyɛla ba n zo kpe tiŋ shɛŋa dabam din kɔɣi kɔɣi gili tiŋ maa. Bihi ban kalinli yiɣisi miliyon diba ayi gba nyɛla kum ni che bɛla ni di ku shɛba, ka zaba zaba maa gba to kari salo ban gba kalinli yiɣisi miliyon ayɔpoin ni tuhi kɔbsita n kpe yɔɣu. Tingbani ŋɔ pahi la United Nations, Non-Aligned Movement, African Union, COMESA, Southern African Development Community, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, n ti pahi EconomicCommunity of Central Adrican States.

== Yuli Taahiri ==
Democratic Republic of the Congo chaŋ mi n jɛndi mɔɣi shɛli din yuli nyɛ Congo River la, din zɔri yiri tingbani maa puuni. Congo River Ŋɔ nyɛla ko' sheli din zilim mi n gari di taba andunia yaangi zuɣu, amaa ka nyɛ din pahiri ata zuɣu di yi kana galisim polo. Comite d'etudes du haut Congo (din daa nye laɣingu shɛli bɛ ni daa kpa ni di vihi baŋ Congo zuɣu saa yaɣili ), ka di nyɛla Naa Leopold II ŋun daa yi Bɛlegia la yuuni 1879 puuni., ka lahi nyɛ ŋun daa lahi n kpa International Association of the Congo, Din  yuli gba daa lahi doli kom maa. 

Congo River ŋɔ daa nyɛla din yuli maa tuuli silimiinsi ban yina europe ka yuli maa daa dɔli tingbani din yuli daa nye Kingdom of Kongo m ti pahi Bantu salo, Ban daa nye Kongo niriba, din daa niŋ ka silimiinsi ŋɔ daa go n chirigiba yuun kɔbsi din pahiri pia ni ayobu zuɣu saha. Kongo bachi ŋɔ nyɛla din yina Kongo balli ni (bɛ nio lahi mi shɛli Kikongo la). Amɛrika kundu sabira Ŋun yuli nye Samuel Henry Nelson yɛliya, " ni din tooi niŋ ka kongo bachi maa gbunni nye zama lahimbu ka gba yirina bachi din nye Konga, ka nye di gba ni yi sheli puuni na la, din gbunni nye 'n laɣim'. Anduniya nini ni neei ka bɛ zaŋ yuli shɛli n ti Kongo niriba ŋɔ, n nye Bakongo, ka yuli ŋɔ daa pili yuun kɔbsi din pahiri pishi piligu saha.

Democratic Republic of the Congo piligu maa saha hali ni zuŋɔ yuya n dɔli taba n nye the Congo Free State, Belgian Congo, the Republic of the Congo-Leopoldville, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Republic of Zaire pɔi ka di naai labi na Democratic Republic of the Congo yaha.

Di maŋ sulinsi deebu saha, tingbani maa yuli daa nyɛla Republic of the Congo-Leopoldville ni di waligi di maŋa ka che di tingbani gba bɛni ka di yuli nye Congo, salo ni lahi mi shɛli Republic of the Congo. Bɛ ni daa yihi zaligiu kundu din nye Luluabourg Constitution na silimiin gɔli August dabsili yini yuuni 1964 puuni, tingbani maa yuli daa pa nyɛla Democratic Republic of the Congo, DRC amaa ka yuli daa lahi tahi na Zaire (yuli kurili n-ti Congo River) silimiin gɔli October dabsili pishi ni ayɔpoin yuuni 1971, ka di nyɛla tingbani zuɣulana Mobutu Sese Seko n daa tahi li ka di daa nyɛla din pahi o ''Authenticite'' niya la puuni yino.

Zaire bachi maa yila portuguese nima ni daa tilim ni bɛ bɔli kikongo nima bachi din nye nzadi (din gbunni n nye mɔɣili) din nye zaɣi ʒia ni nzadid o nzere ( din gbunni n nye mɔɣili din diri mɔɣa).  Mɔɣili  maa yuli leei Zaire yuun kɔbsi din pahiri pia ni ayɔbu mini din pahiri pia ni ayɔpin saha. Congo bachi ŋɔ pa fala Zaire ʒaa shee  silimiinsili ni yuuni kɔbsi din pahiri pia ni anii saha, yaha ka Congo bachi maa lahi nye Siliminsi ni tooi sabiri shɛli bɛ kundunima ni yuuni kɔbsi din pahiri pia ni awei saha, amaa Zaire kamani salo ban bei tingbani maa ni ni mi li shɛm na gba na kuli nyɛla din bɛni .

Yuuni 1992 pulini, Soverign National conference daa sahimi n ti ni bɛ taɣi tingbani maa yuli n chaŋ "Democratic Republic of the Congo" tor amaa yuli maa daa bɛ tahi. Tingbani maa yuli ti pa taɣi mi di ni daa ti niŋ ka Tingbani zuɣulana Laurent-Desire Kabila ni daa deei nam Mobutu sani yuuni 1997 puuni. Din yen che ka waligimsim bei tingbani mini  Republic of Congo sunsuuni, saha shɛli bɛ booni li Congo (Kinshasa), Congo-Kinshasa, bee Big-Congo. Di yuli maa ʒia sabibu shɛŋa n nye Congo DR, DR Congo, DRC, DROC bee RDC (French ni).

Na sɔ bɛ ni daa bɔlindi  King Leopold II’s Congo Free State (1885–1908) zaamani daa nyɛla din bi viɛli ti bilichini nim ban daa beni lala saha maa. Bɛ daa nyɛla ban bɛ wahala la ni. Niriba daa paai ka mani tuhi tusa m be futiina puuni. Ka mani nahiŋgu, kiŋkansi n ti ninvuɣ kuli. Yaha bɛ daa lahi nyɛla bɛ ni gbiri yihiri Naawuni ni baligi tingbani nama tiɛri kamani salima, diamond ka chɛ din pahi.

‎Lala saha ŋɔ daa nyɛla din nyɛ muɣsigu bee yɛli kpeeni n ti tingbani maa. Ka bɛ daabilim mini bɛ zoosim labi nyaaŋa. 

== Taahiri ==

=== Piligu Taahiri ===
Tingbani shɛli din nye Democratic Republic of the Congo yaɣili maa tuuli salo daa ʒi ni la di puuni kamani yuun tuhi pihiwei nyaaŋa, kamani Semliki harpoon yuuni 1988 vihigu din daa yina polo tiŋ yuli din nye Katanda, ka di nye ''barbed harpoon'' shɛli din yuui bɛhigu puuni ka salo nya, ka niriba dihitabli ni zahim gara ka bɛ daa mali ŋa m gbaari a.

Bantu niriba ŋɔ daa paai Central Africa saha shɛli yuun tuhili Anahi Isa kalinsi nyaaŋa, ka daa pili yɛligibu m kpari tingbani maa tiŋli yaɣili. Bɛ yɛligibu maa daa kpaŋsimi bɛ  ni daa deei binkɔbiri wumsibu n ti pahi kuriti ʒemana ''(Iron Age'') baŋsim n niŋ bɛ bɛhigu puuni. Salo shɛba ban daa bei tingbani maa wuliŋ luɣili hali ti gbaai di tiŋli polo daa nyɛla ban nye pukpariba ka daa bɛ tooi zooi ka bɛ mali kuriti tabibi tabibi n tum di bɛ tuma. Kuriti kpatuɣa din daa nam lala saha maa daa nyɛla din tahi ka kpaŋsi pukparilim pam. Lala zuɣu daa chami salo ban bie mɔɣini k`oŋ be bɛhigu shee. Din daa niŋ ka Bantu niriba ŋɔ zo, saha sheli tingbani ni salo pubu pubu daa pilila ''circa 700'' ka di mali  tiŋ zuɣuri ata; ka yino bei wuliŋ wuɣili polo ka miri Pool Malebo, ka yino bei wuliŋ puɣili polo ka miri Lake Mai-Ndombe, ka din pahi ata maa bei wuliŋ puɣili di miri tingbani maa tiŋli polo ka miri Upemba Depression.

Zaŋ chaŋ yuun kɔbsi din pahiri pia ni ata, Tiŋ maa daa mali la yaɣa ata  Western Congo Basin yaɣili din miri Pool Malebo. Di wuliŋ puɣili polo daa mali tiŋ kpari bɔɣu din yuli nye Seven Kingdoms of Kongodia Nlaza, Niriba maa ni kpuhi sheli ka di yuui ka lahi mali yaa n gari tiŋ shɛŋa din pahi, ka di daa lahim tiŋsi kamani Nsundi, Mbata, Mpangu, hali ka Kundi mini Okanga gba daa tooi ni pahi di kpari bɔɣu ni. Tiŋ ŋɔ tiŋli polo ka Mpemba daa bei ka tei Zuŋɔ Angola hali ti kpa Congo River. Di gba tiŋ bihi n nye Mpemba Kasi, n ti pahi Vunda. Ayi kana di wuliŋ luɣili polo zaŋ kpa Congo River yaɣili gba daa mali la tiŋ bihi ata ka di tiŋ zuɣu nye Vungu, Kakongo n ti pahi Ngoyo.

Kongo Kpari bɔɣu daa pili la yuun kɔbsi din pahiri pia ni anahi ka daa yɛligi n deei wuliŋ luɣili yaƔili. Kpari bɔɣu din gba daa Mwene Muji la gba daa pili la Mai-Ndombe Mɔɣili yaɣili. Upemba yiliŋ yaɣili ka Luba mini Lunda gba Kpari bɔɣiri daa pili yuun kɔbsi din pahiri pia ni anu mini yuun kɔbsi din pahiri pia ni ayɔpoin ka ŋa gba daa yɛligi n deei wuliŋ puɣili yaɣili.

=== **Congo Free State (1877–1908)** ===










Bɛlgia nima tingbaŋ maa ni kan bu na pili la yuuni 1870 halli ni yuuni 1920 saha. Bɛ tuuli toondana daa nyɛla Henry Morton Stanaley, ŋun daa pili o gɔbu tiŋ ŋɔ ni ka di nyɛla Bɛlgia Naa Leopold II n daa baɣi o nɔli. Tiŋ maa wuliŋ puɣili polo saha shɛli silimiinsi ni daa na bɛ deei bɛ sulinsi, daa nyɛla daba gbaɣibu daa nyɛla din niŋ yɔli pam, ka di nyɛla Laribaawa-ban nye Swahili nima n daa nye ban kan na n ti , kamani niriba pam ni daa mi shɛli Tippu Tip, n daa niŋdi daba daabilim ŋɔ, Stanley ni daa mi so' viɛnyela..Naa Leopold daa mali la o ni b`ori ni Congo tingbani maa ni ti yɛn bei shɛm. Naa Leoplold daa deei la s`oli ni o kpɛ Congo laɣingu sh`eli din daa ʒini Berlin yuuni  1885 ka daa zaŋ tiŋ maa n leei o dahilali buni. O daa bɔli la tiŋ maa Congo Free State. Leopold daa pili la tiŋ maa lɛbigibu , kamani o daa mie ziliji naba, din daa pili teeku duli hali ni tiŋ zuɣu, Leopoldville (zuŋɔ tiŋ shɛli din nye Kinshasa la). O daa zaŋ la yuma anii m mei Ziliji naba maa .

Congo Free State ŋɔ ni, Silimiinsi maa daa niŋ la salo maa firimiinsi ni bɛ mali rɔba tiba, din daa mali daa pam, ka daliri daa nye matuka nima ni daa ni`n di bayana ka di daa tu ni bɛ mali taayanima ti ŋanima. Rɔbanima maa daa nyɛla din ti Leopold ariziki pam ŋun daamrei yanima pa Brussels mini Ostend ni o duɣi o maŋ ni o tingbaŋ yuli. Executive power went to the Belgian minister of colonial affairs, assisted by a Colonial Council (Conseil Colonial) (both located in Brussels). The Belgian parliament exercised legislative authority over the Belgian Congo. In 1923 the colonial capital moved from Boma to Léopoldville, some 300 kilometres (190 mi)
Congo free state ni labi na nti niŋ  Belgian Congo daa ŋmaai mi, amaa ka lee labi tuɣi ni yaa. nyaaŋa Gomnanti ŋun daa su Congo Free State maa, Baron Théophile Wahis, daa kpalim ofiisi ni Belgian Congo ka Leopold II's ban galisi daa tum ni ŋuna. Bɛ ni daa ti yooi Congo ni di ariziki binyɛra n ti Belgian bɛ daabiligu daa kpalimla yɛl'kpeenin ti bɛ zooibu– dinzuɣu, din kam daa lahi pahi, kamani bɛ daalaafee bɔbu ni shikuru chandi, daa pa niŋ talahi.
Colonial administrators ni daa pa gbubi yaɣili ŋɔ ka bɛ ni daa yi pa bɔri shɛli niŋda (a system of European courts and another one of indigenous courts, tribunaux indigènes). Indigenous courts daa dii ka yaa ka daa kpalim colonial administration maa sulinsi ni. Belgian kpamba daa bɛ saɣiti siyaasa yɛlgola Congo puuni di kuli be ka wula.
Belgian Congo daa kpela duniya yɛn din daa pahi ayi ka ni. Duniya tɔbu piligu ka ni yuuni (1914–1918), Force Publique mini German colonial linjima nima daa zaŋ bɛ ni kpa taba polo ni ka di daa ton nyɛla bɛ daa gbini la kpalanzuya ni Anglo-Belgian-Portuguese invasion of German colonial territory yuuni 1916 mini 1917 East African campaign la laha.ka Force Publique nima daa nya nasara bɛ ni daa Amachi ni kpe Tabora  September goli ni yuuni 1916 ka di nyɛla General Charles Tombeur ni daa zaŋ na n kpe bɛ zav' kpeeni maa nyaaŋa.
1918 nyaaŋa, Belgium daa deei pini bɛ ni daa kpe tɔbu maa ni maa East African puuni ni ka bɛ mini league of Nation nima ka di nyɛla bɛ suhu bii ni n gari German colony ofRuanda-Urundi din daa gari la. Duniya tɔbu din daa pahi ayi ka ni,  Belgian Congo daa bi bomma kpeeni n ti Belgian Gomnanti ni o yi London tingbani, ka Force Publique mi gba lahi n kpe Allied campaign nima puuni Africa. Belgian Congolese forces ban daa be Belgian officer nima daa tuhi Italian colonial linjima nima Ethiopia puuni Asosa yaɣili, Bortai mini Saïo ban daa be Major-General Auguste-Eduard Gilliaert sulinsi puuni.

== Maŋ sulinsi mini siyaasa yɛltɔɣa (1960–1965) ==
[[Lahabali kɔligu:Joseph Kasa-Vubu in Israel.png|thumb]]
[[Lahabali kɔligu:Patrice Lumumba official portrait.jpg|thumb]]



May goli ni yuuni 1960 puuni, bɛ daa nya zoobu bɛ tingbani maa chandi ni, Mouvement National Congolais daa nyɛla ban chani ni Patrice Lumumba sulinsi ni, ka di bɛ jintɔri kuɣu maa. Lumumba daa lebila piligu Prime Minister ni zaŋ ti Congo Republic, 24 June goli ni yuuni 1960. parliament jintɔriba maa daa booni Joseph Kasa-Vubu bɛ president ni zaŋ ti Alliance des Bakongo (ABAKO) party. Party shɛŋa ŋan daa pahi maa mi daa laɣim taba ni ni ti pahi Parti Solidaire Africain ka Antoine Gizenga mi daa gbini di sulinsi, ka   Parti National du Peuple mi ka Albert Delvaux mini Laurent Mbariko mi suli.

Belgian Congo daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi 30 dabisili June goli ni yuuni 1960 ka bɛ yuli daa pa boli "République du Congo" ("Republic of Congo" or "Republic of the Congo" silimiinsili ni). Di daa bi yuui di nyaaŋa, dabisili 15 August golini yuuni 1960, French colony of Middle Congo ban daa baɣiba maa gba daa deei bɛ gba mam sulinsi ka gba daa zaŋ bɛ yuli maa ni ti bɛ tingbani maa 'Republic of Congo.' din yɛn che ka yɛltɔɣa gbaliŋ dii ka bɛ sunsuuni , din daa nyɛ Belgian Congo la daa niŋ la alaha ni ti niriba la Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo), ka din daa nyɛ French colony na kuli n be  bɛ yuli ni 'Republic of the Congo' (Congo)

Bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi ni naai ka so bɛ lahi n wumdi  Force Publique damli, amaa dabsili 11 July goli ni province of Katanga (led by Moïse Tshombe) mini South Kasai daa kpe la taba kuni zaŋ jɛndi toontali palli maa zuɣu. Niriba 100,000 ban daa nyɛ Europe nima ka daa kpalim nyaaŋa bɛ maŋa sulinsi maa nyaaŋa daa lahi yi tiŋ maa ni. United Nations ni daa zaɣisi Lumumba sɔŋsim bolifu maa nyaaŋa, Lumumba daa lahi bo sɔŋsim Soviet Union nima sani, ka bɛ daa saɣi ka ti o linjima nima ni saɣisigu nima dabisili 23 August golini, ka Congolese linjimanima daa tuhi nyaŋ South Kasai nima. Bɛ daa kari Lumumba office ni dabisili 5 September goli ni yuuni 1960. Kasa-Vubu ni daa kari o ka daa galim o pam South Kasai ni ni o ni daa zaŋ linjima nima maa na maa. dabisili 7 September goli ni, Lumumba daa di fiila n ti Congolese House of Representatives, ni wuhiri ni o karimbu maa be tam malli zuɣu tingbani maa zalisi puuni. Congolese zalisi ti la jintɔriba, yaa ni bɛ kari Gomnanti minisita. Sokam daa zaɣisi ka o karimbu maa, amaa ka di mi daa lee pun niŋ.

14 September goli ni, Colonel Joseph Mobutu, US mini Belgium daa zani o nyaanga, ka bɛ yihi Lumumba offiisi ni.   17 January goli ni yuuni 1961, Lumumba daa labisi binshɛɣu kam ni ti Katangan kpamba ka Belgian-led Katangan troops daa gbaagi o. 2001 vihigu zan chaŋ Belgium jintɔriba puuni daa wuhiya ni bɛ daa nya Belgium "morally responsible" di ni daa niŋ ka bɛ ku Lumumba maa, hali ni zuŋɔ ka tingbani maa nima na kuli timdi di sandana.

18 dabisili September goli ni yuuni 1961, bɛ daa zini ni bɛ to jina ni deei zee maa, alapilee daa luya ni miri Ndola ka Dag Hammarskjöld daa kani, Secretary-General ŋun daa zani n ti United Nations maa, ni ti pahi ninvuɣ' pia ni anu along, lala alobo mo daa tahi fitiina na pam, ka di zuɣu daa che ka bɛ daa kpalin dila Gomnanti maŋmaŋa gba.(the Collège des commissaires généraux). Katangan operation maa daa naaila January yuuni 1963 UN forces ni daa sɔŋ ka di niŋ. Pam daa yiya kamani Joseph Ileo, Cyrille Adoula, ni Moise Kapenda Tshombe gba daa niŋ operation maa.

Amaa, tingbani maa nuzaa polo, Soviet mini Cuban-backed rebels daa boli Simbas, ni ti deei binkara  

Ka bori ni bɛ deei luɣishɛŋa  tingbani maa ni  "People's Republic of the Congo" din be Stanleyville la. Simbas daa miya hali ni ti yi were Stanleyville  November goli ni yuuni 1964 saha shɛli Operation Dragon Rouge ni daa beni la, lingima nima daa yina ni yaa Belgian mini  American forces ni daa boli a ni bɛ ti faai niriba ni bahi. Congolese government forces nima daa nyaŋ Simba rebels nima November goli ni yuuni 1965.

Lumumba daa na min pun nyɛ Mobutu chief of staff n ti Congo army paliba, Armée Nationale Congolaise. Ka daa zaŋ zuɣ' kam tali maa ni be Kasavubu mini Tshombe sunsuuni, Mobutu daa nyɛ sɔŋsim linjimanima maa sani ni daa tahi coup na. Yuuni pulini tingbani maa ni yela yela daa niŋya pɔi Mobutu's coup yuuni 1965 ka di daa che ka tingbani maa yuli daa taɣi ni boli "Democratic Republic of the Congo". Yuuni 1971 Mobutu daa lahi taɣi yuli maa yaha , saha mo ni bolili "Republic of Zaire"

== Continental and civil wars (1996–2007) ==
[[Lahabali kɔligu:Second Congo War Africa map ar.png|thumb]]
Yuuni 1996, pirinla Rwanda nima tɔbu la zuɣu, Tutsi- ŋun daa nyɛ Gomnanti ni ti Rwanda maa, Rwandan Hutu militia forces (Interahamwe) daa voya ni chaŋ eastern Zaire ka zaŋ bɛ campi nima  maa niŋ asahi ni tuhi Rwanda nima. Bɛ daa gbaai mi ni Zairian linjimanima ka bɛ tɔɣisi ni yi Congolese ethnic Tutsis din be eastern Zaire nyaaŋa.

Rwandan mini Ugandan linjimanima biɛhigu shee maa daa kuli malila Zaire ni bɛ yihi lari Mobutu Gomnanti, ni yiɣisi tuuli Congo tɔbu. Ninvuɣ' maŋa ni daa bɛ nimaani ka Laurent-Désiré Kabila daa be di tooni, n lebi Alliance of Democratic Forces n ti Liberation Congo tingbanni. Yuuni 1997 Mobutu daa chaŋ Kabila marched ni ti kpe Kinshasa, ni boli o maŋa president ka booni tiŋ maa la Democratic Republic of the Congo

Kabila daa ti bɔrimi ni silimiin linjimanima labimi bɛ tingbani ni. Rwanda nima daa lebigi n kpa Goma ka labi n kpa Tutsi-led rebel military movement palli bɛ ni boli shɛli Rassemblement Congolais pour la Democratie ni bɛ zabi to Kabila, dini niŋ ka Uganda bori ni bɛ nam rebel movement bɛ ni boli shɛli Movement ni bɛ lebigi Congo, ka Congolese warlord Jean-Pierre Bemba be di tooni. Lala niriba ayi, ni ti pahi Rwandan mini Ugandan troops, bɛni din daa pili tɔbu din daa pahi ayi Congo tɔbu nima ni War bɛ ni daa liri DRC linjimanima yuuni 1998. Angolan, Zimbabwean, ni Namibian linjimanima daa labi Gomnanti polo.

Kabila daa nyɛla bɛ ni ku so yuuni 2001.ka o bia Joseph Kabila daa di o fali ka daa bi suhudoo yɛltɔɣa. UN peacekeepers, MONUC, bɛ ni pa mi shɛba MONUSCO la, daa sheei na April golini yuuni 2001. Ka yuuni 2002–03, Bemba daa garigila  Central African Republic bɛ Gomnanti kuri la zuɣu, Ange-Félix Patassé. Yɛltɔɣa bɛ sunsuuni daa tahi nangbanyini na ka Kabila daa pirigi o yaa ni ti kpeeni kura maa din daa niŋ yuuni 2002 mini 2003 sunsuuni. Kalinli din daa galisi pirinla ban daa kpi congo tɔbu din daa pahi ayi la ni ni nyɛ niriba million dibaa anu ni ponvh dibaa anahi.(5.4 million) Hali shɛba tari ni million dibaa ata. Bɛ daa nolilila tɔbu biɛɣu tum dunia tɔbu ni pili. June goli ni yuuni 2003 tiŋduya linjimanima zaa daa taɣi deei Rwanda n yihiba Congo. Gomnanti so daa ziniya pɔi ka bɛ naan yi ti niŋ piibupiibu yaha. Bɛ daa labi kpa constitution  30 dabisili July goli ni yuuni 2006, DRC daa di bɛ tuuli multi-party elections. Dina n daa nya bɛ tuuli Bɛ ni niŋ piibupiibu ka yɛltɔɣa shɛli kani yuuni 1960 saha zaa, bɛ ni lihiri ni shɛli ni zani tariga lala yaɣili maa. Hali gba. Piibupiibu gbana ni daa yɛltɔɣa daa bɔri ni di kpe  Kabila mini Bemba sunsuuni ni tahi yɛli gola ma be niriba sani na Kinshasa tingbanni. MONUC daa deei zaa n zani tiŋa maa ni. din pahi ayi daa niŋla yuuni  2006, shɛli polo ka Kabila December yuuni 2006 daa ani po pɔri ka daa lebi President.

Continued conflicts (2008–2018)

Laurent Nkunda, ŋun daa pahi ka bɛ niŋ dia Rally nntiri Congolese Democracy–Goma la, daa nyɛla ŋun gba chaŋ n ti kpa o paati ni bolili National Congress for the Defence of the People (CNDP), ka di daa pili ni zabi kara n kpa Gomnanti polo. March goli ni yuuni 2009, dini daa niŋ ka DRC mini Rwanda gbinni kpalanzuya, Rwandan troops daa kpe la DRC n ti gbaai. Nkunda ka bɛ daa saɣi ka bɛ  tooi nya FDLR linjimanima nims maa . Ka CNDP daa dihi nua ni bɛ ni be Gomnanti maa viɛnyɛla ka bɛ daa saɣi ka di lebi siyyaasa ka bɛ ni tooi mali bɛ dahalali, din yɛn che ka bɛ linjima maa tooi kpe tiŋgbani maa zaa linjimanima maa ka bɛ ni tooi lahi n yihi da sarika nima maa shɛba  yuuni 2012 Bosco Ntaganda, ŋun daa nyɛ CNDP toondana maa, n che ka linjimanima maa fo ka tooi gbaagi provincial capital of goma november goli ni yuuni 2012.

Tingbani shɛŋa ŋan baɣibaɣi ba daa nyɛla be ni zilisi shɛli n bala?

== **Belgian Congo (1908–1960)** ==
Yuuni 1908 Belgian jintoriba daa nyela ban yina n-ti yihi King Leopold II nam ni ka di daa pala bɛ suhuyurilim pahila tingban shɛba n-daa dihiriba di bahi bahindi United Kindom**.** Silimiin goli bieɣu pia ni anii dali yuuni 1908 Belgian jintoriba daa nyɛla ban niŋ piibupiibu , be daa nyela ban pii n zaŋ jendi be lebigi Congo yaɣi sheli.  

Executive power daa nyela din kuli **“**Belgian minister of colonial affairs**”**  sani ka di daa nyela Colonial Council (Conseil Colonial) (be zaa daa bela Brussels) sɔŋsim puuni. Belgian jintoriba daa nyela ban mali yaa n gari Belgian Congo nima. Yuuni 1923, colonial du zuɣu maa daa nyɛla din yi  Boma n chaŋ Léopoldville din nye  kilometer kobsita zaŋ chaŋ tiŋpuuni. 

Taɣibu sheli din daa taɣi  Congo Free State ka di daa leegi Belgian Congo maa daa nyela din damba, ka daa lahi nye di yuui saha gbaliŋ sunsuuni. **“** Governor-general**”**  ŋun daa nye bahigu zaŋ n-ti  Congo Free State, Baron Théophile Wahis,daa nyela ŋun daa kpalim o kpeentali ni Belgian Congo, ka  Leopold II niriba maa pam daa kpalim o sani. Yaltɔɣa daa yina wuhi ni ka dama ni Congo mini di   

tiŋgbani buni zaŋ ti maɣisi  Belgian buni daa leela yalkpeeni din che ka sulinsi zaŋ chaŋ bi polo yalgira, amaa bi binbɔri kpɛma kaman bi daalaafee mini bi shikuriti yaltɔɣa daa che ka bɛ nina nehiri bɛlabɛla.  

**“**Colonial administrators**”** n-daa su tiŋgbani maa lala saha maa ka di zuɣu daa che ka Europeannim kootu yaltɔɣa daa mali yaa pam. Salo maa maŋmaŋ kootunim maa daa nyela bi ni daa ti shaba yahi din bi galisi.Belgian kpamba daa nyɛla ban bi ti salo maa so soli ni o tooi yina n bo toontali di yi ti zani Congo binshɛɣu kam polo, ka lingimanim daa lahi nye ban yan taɣi daadam kam ŋun daa yina ni o ti tuhi toondaan nim maa.   

Belgian Congo daa nyɛla ban gba kuli pahi anduniya yaangi zuɣu zaa tobiri ayi din daa tuhi la piligu ni.Duniya yaangi zuɣu tobu tuuli din daa tuhi yuuni 1914 hali ni yuuni 1918  daa na pilila  **“***Force Publique'''”*** mini  **“**German colonial army” sunsuuni  “German East Africa” .Di daa nyela din lebgi zab karilia  di ni daa niŋ ka Anglo, Belgian n ti pahi Portuguesnima daa yina n ti zaŋ bi kpalaŋzuya n daa naai ta n tuhiri  German "colonial territory " yuuni"1916 mini 1917 East Africa campaign la saha.  Bɛ daa nyɛla ban zab zab kara, din nyaaŋa tiŋsi ŋɔ nim daa nyɛla ban nye nasara di ni daa  niŋ ka di chaŋ n ti kpe Tabora  silimiingoli September yuuni 1916. General Charles Tombeur n daa nye ŋun be be di tooni.     

Yuuni1918, Belgium daa nyɛla be ni ti shaba kpaŋmaŋ pina ka di daliri daa nyela bi ni pahi tiŋgban shaŋa ban daa laɣim n tuhi  German colony of Ruanda-Urundi la.Tobu din daa pahari ayi,  the Belgian Congo daa nyɛla ban bɔ buni dn saɣi buni n daa ti ti Belgian gomnanti      

### Maŋsulinsi mini Siyaasa yɛligɔla

Silimiin gɔli may puuni, yuuni 1960, lahingu ban daa kuli zoora ka bƆli bɛ maŋa Mouvement National Congolais ka bƐ toondana daa nye Patrice Lumumba daa nye ŋun nye nasara jintɔriba piibu piibu ni daa niŋ. Lumumba daa ny`ela ŋun leei tuuli Prime Minista n ti Congo Tingbani., dabsili shɛli din daa lu 24th silimiin gɔli June, 1960 puuni. Jintɔri duu maa daa piila Joseph Kasa-Vubu ni o leei zuɣulana n ti paati shɛli din nye Alliance des Bakongo (ABAKO). Paati shɛŋa din gba dƆli nyaaŋa nye Parti Solidaire Africain din toondana n daa nye Antoine Gizenga n ti lahi pahi Parti du Peuple din gba toondana nye Albert Delvaux mini Laurent Mbariko.

Bɛlgia Congo ŋɔ daa deei la di maŋ sulinsi dabsili shɛli din daa lu 30th silimiin gɔli June yuuni 1960, ka di yuli lala saha maa daa nye Republique du Congo ("Republic of Congo" bee "Republic of the Congo" silimiinsili ni). Di daa bɛ yuui, ka tiŋ shɛli din gba daa bahi tiŋ ŋo ka pahi Frenchi kpari bɔɣu ni yaƔa shɛli bɛ ni mi middle Congo la gba daa deei bɛ maŋ sulinsi dabsili shɛli din daa lu 15th silimiin gɔli August yuuni 1960 ka gba ti bɛ maa la la yuli maa, *Republic of Congo* . Din yen che ka gabi bu tiŋsi ayi maa sunsuuni zaŋ kan a bɛ yuya polo, Tuuli Bɛlgia Congo la daa pa nyɛla Democratic Republic of the Congo (**DR Congo)**  ka tiŋ di bala la gba din nye Frenchi kpari bɔɣu la  pa su Republic of the Congo' (**Congo**).

Tiŋ ŋo ni daa deei di maŋ sullinsi naai, di daa bɛ yuui , ka  lahingu ban daa nye *Force Publique*  daa ba zaɣi si zaligu dɔlibu ka dasili shɛli din daa lu 11th silimiin gɔli July puuni, yaƔa shƐli din gba daa nye provinve of Katanga ( din toondana daa nye Moise Tshombe) mini South Kasai daa nyɛla daa kpe taba ni tingbani maa zuɣulana tali zuɣu ni bɛ yiɣi zuɣulana so ŋun kuɣu maa zuɣu. Europeans pam ban kalli daa kuli ni yiɣisi  tuɣi kɔbiga (100,000 ) ban daa na kpalim tiŋ maa puuni daa nyƐla ban pa yi tiŋ maa ni n labi bɛ ya. Baayan Lumumba ni daa bo' sɔŋsim Andunia laɣingu din nye United Nations la ka bƐ daa mɔŋ ŋo la zuɣu, Lumumba daa labi sila o nini n kpa Soviet Union nima sani ni bɛ timi o nuu na ka bɛ daa sahi o bɔligu ka daa soŋ ŋɔ nuu ni linjima nima kpatuɣa n ti pahi ban saƔisira.  dasili shɛli din daa lu 23rd silimiin gɔli August,Congo linjima nima daa liri la South Kasai. Lumumba daa nyƐla bɛ ni yiƔisi so Prime minista tali tuma ni dasili shɛli din daa lu 5th silimiin gɔli Sep[tember, yuuni 1960 puuni ka di nyƐla Kasa-Vubu n daa yiɣi o nam maa ni ka o dalri nyela ni ŋuni n daa ti sɔli ka linjima nima chaŋ ti ku niriba pam South Kasa tingbani ni ka che ka Soviet Union nima zaŋ bɛ nuu n tima bɛ ya yɛltɔɣa puuni. Dasili shɛli din daa lu 7th silimiin gɔli September, Lumumba daa nyƐla ŋun di fiila n ti Congo Jintɔriba, ka yƐli ni o karibu maa nyɛla din bɛ dɔli sɔli tingbani maa zalisi puuni. Congo zalisi ti la Jintɔri duu maa , ka tingbani zuɣulana , yaa ni o yi`Yi tingbani maa Minista on nam ni.Jintɔri duu maa mini Senate zaa daa saɣimi ni Lumumba yiɣibu maa bɛ dɔli zalisi sɔli, tor amaa di naa bɛ nye naba zani domi o daa bahimi n yi nam ni hali di kuli bɛ dɔli zalisi maa yɔli.
### Mobutu Kinkansi Nam gbibi bu ni Zaire (1965-1997)
Mobutu daa nyƐla ŋun mali sɔŋsim kpeeni Amɛrika nima sani dɔmi o gba ni daa bɛ saɣi n ti Communism la zuɣu, Amɛrika nima ŋo daa dihimi n tabli ni o bei nam ni din tooi leei tariga n sɔŋsi ka bɛ tuɣi lala communism ŋɔ maa gbansabira tingbana puuni ka di bɛ nye naba zani. Paati yino sɔli daa pa zala tiŋ maa ni ka Mobutu zaŋa o maŋa n leei tingbaŋ zuɣulana. Ka zaani piibu piibu ka di nyƐla o konko n zaa na. Hali din daa ku niŋ ka suhudoo bieni maa yɔli, Mobutu nam sahha daa nyɛla bɛ ni pa daɣiri zaŋ chaŋ salo suhuyurilim soɣa birigibu, siyaasa firimiinsi niŋbu, n ti pahi kɔrinfɔɣili.

### Andunia yaangi zuɣu mini salo tɔbu (1996-2007)

### Zaba shɛŋa din din daa bɛ kpi (2008-2018)

### 2018 Piibu piibu ni Tshisekedi tingbaŋ zuɣulan' tali (2018-hali ni zuŋɔ)

## Tingbani maa nama ni biɛhigu

### Naawuni nam tiɛri tahibu

### Naawuni nam tiɛri Balibu balibu mini di gubu

## Gɔvinanti mini Siyaasa

### Tingbani yaɣa yaɣa

### Tiŋ ŋɔ mini tiŋ duya mabiligu ni taba

### Linjima yaɣili

### Zalisi kpaŋsibu, bi'bɛlim n ti pahi kɔrinfɔɣili

### Maŋ suhuyurilim

### Ekɔnɔmi

### Salima gbibu yaɣili

### Chandi sɔya yaɣili

### Niɣiliŋ buɣim sɔya yaɣili

## Salo Nahingbana

### Salo

Tuma yaɣali din nyɛ "CIA World Factbook" daa mali laasabu ka bɛ salo kalli yiɣisi miliyɔŋ kobigi ni pia ni anu yuuni 2024. Yuuni 1950 mini 2000 sunsuuni, tiŋa ŋɔ salo kalli daa nyɛla din bɔri ni di paai miliyɔŋ pihinahi ni ayobu ni chɛnji. Tum yuuni 2000, di nyɛla din salo zoobu bee pahibu kuli be kamani vaabu buta kɔbigi puuni (3-3.5%), n-yi miliyɔŋ pihinahi ni ayopɔin ni guui hali ni miliyɔŋ kɔbigi ni pia ni ayi.

### Zuliyanima
Zuliyanima din yaɣi kɔbishi ni pihinu ni bala kobisinahi ni pihinu n-nyɛ din be DRC. Bɛ nyɛla ban be Banntu, Sudanic, Nilotic, Ubangian ni Pygmy yaɣa. Lala ŋɔ zuɣu, zuliya shɛli kani nyɛ din gari di kpee Congo, amaa zuliya shɛŋa ŋan do gbunni ŋɔ nyɛla din su tiŋa ŋɔ salo kalli din paai pihinu ni yini kɔbigi puuni:

* Luba-Kasaï
* Kongo
* Mongo
* Lubakat
* Lulua
* Tetela
* Nande
* Ngbandi
* Ngombe
* Yaka
* Ngbaka

Yuuni , UN daa buɣisi ni tiŋa ŋɔ daadam biligu paai  million, zoobu yom din daa yi miliyɔŋ pihinahi yin'ka yuuni 1992 di mini tobu kuli daa be dini maa. Zuliyanima kamani kobishii ni pihinu n-nyɛ bɛ ni mi shɛli ka di doya. Pygmies niriba kamani tuhikobisi yobu n-nyɛ ban be DRC.

### Tiŋ kara

### SaloTingbani maa kpɛbu ni yibu

### Bala

### Adiini yaɣili

### Karimbu ni bɔhimbu yaɣili

## Alaafee

Democratic Republic of the Congo nyɛla din nya yɛltɔɣa nim pam zaŋ yi alaafee polo. Di pam dalirinim nyɛla zaba mini siyaasa yɛltɔɣa muɣisira.

Kasai bɔbli ŋɔ, alaafee tuma yaɣali daa nyɛla din mɔli ebola doro ni yina shɛm silimin goli September 4, 2025 ka di na nyɛla niriba pihita ayi'ka ka bɛ zilisi ni di mali a.

Yaha, ariizchi kalinsi nyɛla din che ka pam bi tooi chani alaafee tuma diri, Kivu wulinpuhili mini wulinluhili. Alaafee nɛma mini kpatuɣa gba nyɛla bɛ ni zuri shɛŋa ashibtinima ni.

2025 ŋɔ piligu, bihi kalli ban chani ashibtinim daa siɣiya kamani vaabu pihinu kobigi puuni, a yi zaŋ li ni a maɣisi yuuni din gari la. Yaɣa, bihi kalli bɛ ni tiri tim nyɛla din booi yi tusaayobu hali na ni tuhipihita yin'ka, a yi zaŋ yuuni 2023 piligu maɣisi yuuni 20125.

## Kaya ni Taada

### Sabbu ni yɛltɔɣa yaɣili

### Yila

### Pɔhim zuɣu lahabaya sɔya

### Bindira

### Diɛma ni yihijɛm

## Kundivihira