Quakers

**Quakers** nyɛla ninvuɣ'shɛba ban be **Religious Society of Friends ni**, Dolodolo adiini balishɛli. Ban be din ni booni la taba zonima  ban niŋ dihitabili Bible, amaa shɛba daa booni ba la Quakers ka di daliri nyɛla ŋun daa pili lala laɣingu ŋɔ, George Fox, daa yɛli la jaaji ni "quake before the authority of God". Lala zonima ŋɔ bɔrimi ni sokam di shɛhira ni Naawuni. Bɛ shɛba nyɛla ban gindi niŋdi waazu, n-ti pahi Nontheist Quakers. Yuuni 2017, bɛ daa buɣisi ban bi balaga ka be din ni kalinli 377,557, vaabu 49% n-nyɛ ban be Africa ka vaabu 22% be North America.

Vaabu 89%  Quakers dunia zaa nyɛla ban be "*evangelical* and *programmed"* kparibɔɣiri ban jama jamdi ni yila yilibu. Bɛ nyɛla ban kpaŋsiri ashili mini dihitabili ni Naawuni, ni Dolodolo adinni zaŋ tam kalinli zuɣu. Religious Society of Friends nyɛla "*Catechism and Confession of Faith* (1673)", ka Quaker Robert Barclay daa yihili na. Richmond Declaration of Faith (1887) nyɛla Orthodox Friends ni daa taɣi deei shɛli pam.
### Splits

### Role of women

## Lihi pahi
* *[[The Light upon the Candlestick]]* – a 17th-century tract which was popular among English Quakers
* List of Christian denominations
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* Shakers

## Kundivihira

## Further reading

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*Margaret Hope Bacon, "Quakers and Colonization" *Quaker History*. 95 (Spring 2006), 26–43
*Hugh Barbour and J. William Frost, *The Quakers*. (1988), 412 pp.; historical survey, including many capsule biographies online edition 
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*Philip Benjamin, *Philadelphia Quakers in an Age of Industrialism, 1870–1920* (1976)
*J. Brent Bill, *Holy Silence: The Gift of Quaker Spirituality* (2005), 
*David Boulton, ed., 2006, *Godless for God's Sake: Nontheism in Contemporary Quakerism.* Dales Historical Monographs. 
*Michael L. Birkel, *Silence and Witness: The Quaker Tradition* (2004),  (in the UK, )
*William C. Braithwaite, *The Beginnings of Quakerism*. (1912); revised by Henry J. Cadbury (1955) online edition 
*William C. Braithwaite, *Second Period of Quakerism*. (1919); revised by Henry Cadbury (1961), covers 1660 to 1720s in Britain
*Howard H. Brinton, *Friends for 350&nbsp;Years* (1965), 
*Peter Brock, *Pioneers of the Peaceable Kingdom*. (1968) on Peace Testimony from the 1650s to 1900
*Edwin B. Bronner, *William Penn's Holy Experiment* (1962)
*G. B. Burnet, *Story of Quakerism in Scotland*. The Lutterworth Press (2007), Cambridge, 
*Jennifer Connerley, *Friendly Americans: Representing Quakers in the United States, 1850–1920* PhD dissertation University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (2006). 277 pp.&nbsp;Citation: DAI 2006 67(2): 600-A. DA3207363 online at ProQuest Dissertations & Theses
*Wilmer A. Cooper, *A Living Faith: An Historical and Comparative Study of Quaker Beliefs* 2nd ed. (2000), 
*A. Glenn Crothers, *Quakers Living in the Lion's Mouth: The Society of Friends in Northern Virginia, 1730–1865*. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2012
*Pink Dandelion, *A Sociological Analysis of the Theology of the Quakers: The Silent Revolution* (Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 1996), 
*Pink Dandelion, *The Quakers: A Very Short Introduction* (2008), 
*Adrian Davies, *The Quakers in English Society, 1655–1725* (2000) 261 pp.
*Robert Doherty, *The Hicksite Separation*. (1967), uses the new social history to inquire who joined which side
*Mary Maples Dunn, *William Penn: Politics and Conscience* (1967)
*J. William Frost, *The Quaker Family in Colonial America: A Portrait of the Society of Friends*. (1973), emphasis on social structure and family life
*J. William Frost, "The Origins of the Quaker Crusade against Slavery: A Review of Recent Literature", *Quaker History* 67 (1978): 42–58. 
*Jonathan Fryer, ed., *George Fox and the Children of the Light* (London: Kyle Cathie, 1991), 
*Harvey Gillman, *A Light that is Shining: Introduction to the Quakers* (1988), 
*George H. Gorman, *Introducing Quakers* (3rd revised reprint) (London: Quaker Home Service, 1981), 
*Gerard Guiton, *The Growth and Development of Quaker Testimony* (2005), 
*Thomas Hamm, *The Quakers in America*. (2003). 293 pp., strong analysis of current situation, with brief history
*Thomas Hamm, *The Transformation of American Quakerism: Orthodox Friends, 1800–1907*. (1988), looks at the impact of the Holiness movement on the Orthodox faction
*Thomas D. Hamm, *Earlham College: A History, 1847–1997*. (1997) 448 pp.
*Jean Hatton, *Betsy: The Dramatic Biography of Prison Reformer Elizabeth Fry* (2005),  and 
*Jean Hatton, *George Fox: Founder of the Quakers* (2007),  and 
*Hubbard, Geoffrey, *Quaker by Convincement*. (1985),  and (1974), 
*Joseph E. Illick, *Colonial Pennsylvania: A History* (1976). online edition 
*H. Larry Ingle, *First Among Friends: George Fox and the Creation of Quakerism* (1994),  and (1996), 
*H. Larry Ingle, *Nixon's First Cover-up: The Religious Life of a Quaker President* (2015), 
*H. Larry Ingle, *Quakers in Conflict: The Hicksite Reformation* (1998), 
*Sydney James, *A People among Peoples: Quaker Benevolence in Eighteenth-Century America*. (1963), broad-ranging study that remains the best history in America before 1800
*Rufus M. Jones, Amelia M. Gummere and Isaac Sharpless. *Quakers in the American Colonies* (1911), history to 1775 online edition 
*Rufus M. Jones, *Later Periods of Quakerism*. 2 vols. (1921), covers England and America until World War I.
*Rufus M. Jones, *The Story of George Fox*. (1919) 169 pp. online edition
*Rufus M. Jones, *A Service of Love in War Time: American Friends Relief Work in Europe, 1917–1919* (1922) online edition
*Ryan Jordan, "The Dilemma of Quaker Pacifism in a Slaveholding Republic, 1833–1865", *Civil War History* Vol. 53, (2007) online edition 
*Ryan Jordan, *Slavery and the Meetinghouse: The Quakers and the Abolitionist Dilemma, 1820–1865*. (2007) 191 pp.
*Thomas C. Kennedy, *British Quakerism, 1860–1920: The Transformation of a Religious Community*. (2001). 477 pp.
*Rebecca Larson, *[[Daughters of Light]]: Quaker Women Preaching and Prophesying in the Colonies and Abroad, 1700–1775* (1999) 399 pp.
*James David LeShana, Heavenly Plantations': Quakers in Colonial North Carolina." PhD dissertation: University of California, Riverside 1998. 362 pp. DAI 2000 61(5): 2005-A. DA9974014 Fulltext: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses
*Mark Minear, *Richmond, 1887: A Quaker Drama Unfolds* (1987), 
*Rosemary Moore, *The Light in Their Consciences: The Early Quakers in Britain 1646–1666* (2000) 314 pp. 
*John A. Moretta, *William Penn and the Quaker Legacy* (2007), 
*Michael Mullet, ed., *New Light on George Fox (1624 to 1691)* (1994), 
*Gary Nash, *Quakers and Politis: Pennsylvania, 1680–1726* (1968)
*John Punshon, *Portrait in Grey : A Short History of the Quakers* (2nd ed.) (London: Quaker Books, 2006), 
*Ane Marie Bak Rasmussen, *A History of the Quaker Movement in Africa* (1994) 168 pp.
*Elbert Russell, *The History of Quakerism* (1942) online edition 
*Harold Smuck, *Friends in East Africa* (Richmond, Indiana: 1987)
*Douglas Steere, (1967) On Being Present Where You Are  Wallingford, Pa: Pendle Hill Pamphlet No. 151
*Frederick B. Tolles, *Meeting House and Counting House* (1948), on Quaker businessmen in colonial Philadelphia
*Frederick B. Tolles, *Quakers and the Atlantic Culture* (1960)
*D. Elton Trueblood *The People Called Quakers* (1966)
*John Michael Vlach, "Quaker Tradition and the Paintings of Edward Hicks: A Strategy for the Study of Folk Art", *Journal of American Folklore* Vol. 94 (1981)  
*Karen Anna Vogel, *Christmas Union: Quaker Abolitionists of Chester County, PA* (2014) ,Murray Pura's Cry of Freedom Series, Volume 5
*James Walvin, *The Quakers: Money and Morals* (1997) 243 pp.
*Clarence H. Yarrow, *The Quaker Experience in International Conciliation* (1979) for post-1945

### Primary sources

*J. Brent Bill, *Imagination and Spirit: A Contemporary Quaker Reader* (2002) 
*Amelia Gummere, ed. *The Journal and Essays of John Woolman* (1922) online edition
*Rufus M. Jones, ed. *The Journal of George Fox: An Autobiography* online edition
*Lucretia Coffin Mott, ed. Beverly Wilson Palmer, *Selected Letters of Lucretia Coffin Mott*, U. of Illinois Press, (2002) 580 pp.
*Robert Lawrence Smith, *A Quaker Book of Wisdom* (1999) 
*Jessamyn West, ed. *The Quaker Reader* (1962)  collection of essays by Fox, Penn and other notable Quakers

### Children's books

* Marguerite De Angeli, *Thee, Hannah!* 
* Katherine Milhous
** *[[The Egg Tree]]* 
** *Appolonia's Valentine* 
* Brinton Turkle
** *The Adventures of Obadiah* 
** *Obadiah the Bold* 
** *Rachel and Obadiah* 
** *Thy Friend, Obadiah* 

## External links
* Evangelical Friends Church, the largest Quaker association
* The Friends Evangel, Quaker publication 
* Evangelical Friends Mission, international Quaker mission work
* Richmond Declaration of Faith of the Religious Society of Friends (1887)
* Northwestern Yearly Meeting, Friends congregations in the western US
* Friends of the Light in England 
* Friends in Christ in Scotland
* Digital Quaker Collection:&nbsp;– a list of Christian Quaker literature
* Post Reformation Digital Library: a library of early modern Quaker texts
* Online resource for information from the Friends General Conference, a Liberal Quaker association
* Quaker Heritage Press publishes etexts of rare and out-of-print Quaker documents.
* Quaker News  collects and combines news from various Quaker Meetings and organizations into a single chronological “newsfeed”.
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* Society of Friends Church history collection, Rare Books and Manuscripts, Indiana State Library