Tooni Biɛlimpahirili

**Tooni biɛlimpahirili** nyɛla biɛlimpahirili shɛli ŋa kanina pɔi ni bachi nyabili. Yɛltɔɣa wuhibu ni bɔhimbu puuni, tooni biɛlimpahirili n lahi nyɛ bɛ ni boli shɛli ni ***preformative***, dominchi di nyɛla ŋa n taɣiri bachi shɛli ŋa ni tabiliri maa biɛhigu.

Kamani biɛlimpahira kam, tooni biɛlimpahira tooi zooi ka ŋa nyɛ bɛ ni boli shɛli ni ''inflectional'' la ŋa namdi bachi palli ka bi taɣiri bachi maa maŋmaŋa gbunni ni nyɛ shɛli ka di bɛ ni boli shɛli ni di ''lexical'' ''category'' bee di ''derivational'' la gba na kuli nyɛ di ni nyɛ shɛli, ka di namdi bachi palli ŋa ka ŋa mali gbunni palli ka saha shɛŋa mii ni gba ka di bɛ ni boli shɛli ni ''lexical'' ''category'' la gba taɣi. Kamani biɛlimpahira kam, tooni biɛlimpahira tooi zooi ka ŋanima nyɛla mɔfim tuɣira.  

Siliminsili puuni bɛ ni boli shɛli ni *inflectional* tooni biɛlimpahira la ka ni, bɛ naɣi malila nyaaŋa biɛlimpahira n mali tumdi ŋa tuma. Tooni biɛlimpahirili yi tabili bachi piligu Siliminsili ni, lala bachi pubu taɣiri n lɛbi bachi shɛli dabam. Kamani di yi ti niŋ ka tooni biɛlimpahirili ŋɔ *un-* yɛn tabili bachi ŋɔ *happy* (suhupiɛlli), di namila bachi palli ŋa nyɛ (suhugarigu) *unhappy*. 

Tooni biɛlimpahirili maŋmaŋa malila nyabili shɛli ŋa bi taɣira bee ŋa ku tooi n taɣi (*fix*) (din wuhiri "tabilibu" ti bɔhimbu ŋɔ puuni),ni tooni (*pre-*)(din yɛri n-tiri "ŋa doli na"), ka ŋa zaa nyɛ ŋa yi Latin bachi tuŋa ni na.

### Siliminsili

### Tooni biɛlimpahira ŋa be Siliminsili ni ni yina luɣ'shɛŋa yuya

Dinbɔŋɔ nyɛla din mali hankali pariga ka tɔm n ka wumsim, luɣ'shɛŋa Siliminsili ni tooni biɛlimpahira yibu shee na. Dinbɔŋɔ dolila niri ni nya ka bɛ ni boli shɛli ni *derivational prefix* la shɛm, bɛ ni boli shɛli  ni *neoclassical* ''combining'' ''forms'' la shɛŋa beni n ni tooi bee ka ku tooi n pahi lala yuya ŋɔ ni. Lala yuya ŋɔ nyɛla din saɣi n-ti ni bɛ ni noli shɛli ni *acro-* mini *auto-* la nyɛla ŋa n pahi Siliminsili ni *derivational* tooni biɛlimpahira la ni dominchi di mini tooni biɛlimpahira zaa tumdila tun'yinsi kamani *over-* mini *self-* do.

Bɛ ni boli shɛli ni ''numeral'' tooni biɛlimpahira din dina ŋa yoli n be ŋa pubu ni la ko n be kpe. Teebuli titali ŋa n do gbunni ŋɔ mali ŋanima zaa bin din gbaai bɛ ni boli shɛli ni Numeral prefix > Table of number prefixes in English.

### ''Hyphenation''
Suhuyurim shɛli ŋa be tooni biɛlimpahira shɛŋa ŋa mali bɛ ni boli shɛli ni *hyphenation* bee *solid styling* la ka ŋa be Siliminsili ni la bela bɛ ni boli shɛli ni ''Hyphen'' > ''Prefixes'' ''and'' ''suffixes'' la ni. 

### Japanese nima balli
''Japanese'' nima ni tooi n mali tooni biɛlimpahira shɛŋa n tumdi bɛ tuma shɛŋa n-nyɛ  mini . Bɛ malila ŋanima bɛ yɛltɔɣa ni n zaani bɛ ni boli shɛli ni ''honorific'' ''system'' ''of'' ''speech'' la zaashee ka ŋanima yɛra n wuhiri yɛltɔɣa sumaŋa bee yɛltɔɣa viɛla ŋa tiri ŋa ni yɛri so bee binshɛli ŋa ni tabili. Di lahi nyɛla bɛ ni tooi n zooi ka bɛ mali shɛli n mahiri yɛltɔɣa. 

#### Bantu nima bala
Bal'shɛba ba nyɛ Bantu nima ka be Africa la nima yɛltɔɣa puuni,di wuhiya ni bɛ ni boli shɛli ni ''agglutinating'' la ni ka bachinamdili pubu yirila tooni biɛlimpahira ni na ka nyɛ di labi nyaaŋa n ti taɣi n deei di yeli kam. 

##### Luganda nima shɛhiranima

## Navajo
Bachiniŋda ŋa be Navajo nima yɛltɔɣa puuni nyɛla ŋa nam n yi bachi nyabili ni na ka mali biɛlimpahira zaɣ'bɔbigu ŋanima ni. Shɛhira, bachiniŋdili kam tu ni ŋa mali tooni biɛlimpahira ŋa nyɛ bɛ ni boli shɛli ni non-syllabic la dibaa anahi la ni yini (**∅**, **ł**, **d**, **l**) di yɛn che ka di ni tooi n nam bachiniŋdili bachikpani. 

##### Sunwar

Sunwar nima ban be Eastern Nepal polo ŋɔ yɛltɔɣa, tooni biɛlimpahirili ŋɔ **ma-** म nyɛla bɛ ni mali shɛli n namdi zaɣisibu bachiniŋda siliminsi ni boli shɛli ni ''negative'' ''verbs''. Di konko n-nyɛ tooni biɛlimpahirili bɛ yɛltɔɣa puuni.

##### Russian
Di yi bachinamda nambu polo nyaaŋa biɛlimpahira galisim gari tooni biɛlimpahira amaa ka tooni biɛlimpahira ŋɔ lee n tooi taɣiri bachi gbunni.

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## German
German ni bɛ ni boli shɛli ni ''derivatives'' la yi ti deei tooni biɛlimpahira ŋa nyɛla ŋa ni tooi pu yaɣa ayi ni: ŋa pahi bachinamda mini bachibuɣisira zuɣu n tumdi tum ni ŋa pahi bachiniŋda zuɣu  ŋa tuma ni. yuuni 1970 la ni, bɛ ni boli shɛli ni *derivative* bachinamda mini bachibuɣisira la ni, bɛ ni boli shɛli ni ''productive'' tooni biɛlimpahira la dibaa ayi konko n ni tooi n tabili bachinamda bee bachibuɣisira: *un-*, nyɛla ŋa wuhiri *bi* (kamani  *ungesund*, ŋa yi *gesund* puuni na), ni *ur-*, ŋa wuhiri  "*original, primitive*" bachinamda puuni ka kpaŋsiri yɛltɔɣa bachibuɣisira ni. *ge-*, mii gba nyɛla ŋa wuhiri laɣimbu bachi shɛŋa ŋa laɣim ka ŋmani taba ni— amaa di bi tooi n tabindi bachinamda bee bachibuɣisira.

Bachiniŋda tooni biɛlimpahira shɛŋa ŋa tooi n tumdi tuma yɛltɔɣa ni n-nyɛ *be-*, *ent-*, *er-*, *ge-*, *miss-*, *ver-*, ni *zer-* (a ni tooi n lahi nya Separable verb). *be-* wuhiri la kpaŋsibu bee *generalization*. *ent-* ka di wuhiri *bi*. *ge-* ka ŋa wuhiri niŋsim bahigu ka di che ka ŋa tooi tumdi tuma yɛltɔɣa ni ka lahi n pahi bachiniŋda niŋsim ŋa pun niŋ la ni; *ver-* nyɛla ŋa kpaŋsiri tuma yɛltɔɣa ni bee ka ŋa sɔŋsiri ka bachinamda bee bachibuɣisira lɛbiri bachiniŋdili.   Saha shɛŋa ni tooni biɛlimpahirili ŋɔ *ent-* (bi) ni tooi n-nyɛ *be-* lɛbili ka *er-* mii nyɛ *ver-*lɛbili.

Tooni biɛlimpahirili ŋɔ *er-* tooi zooi ka ŋa wuhiri niŋsim bahigu viɛyelinga ka saha shɛŋa ni ka ŋa koobu wuhiri kum bee kpibu. Di tooi n mali bachiniŋda biɛla n wuhiri niŋsim piligu. Tooni biɛlimpahirili ŋɔ *er-* gba tooi n sɔŋdi ka bachiniŋda namdi n yirina bachibuɣisira puuni (Shɛhira *erkalten* mini *kalt werden* ŋa wuhiri "*to get cold*" la nyɛla yim). 

###### A ni tooi n lahi nya
*Biɛlimpahira 
*Nyaaŋa biɛlimpahira 
*Privative
*Mɔfim sumaŋa mini mɔfim tuɣirili 
*English prefix
*List of Greek and Latin roots in English
*substring#Prefix
*Metric prefix
## Kundivihira