Battir

**Battir** nyɛla palestinian tinkpaŋa shɛli m-be West Bank, Bethlehem nudirigu polo kilomita 6.4. ka lahi be Jerusalem wulinluhili mini nudirigu yaɣili polo. 2017 yuuni, tiŋ' maa daadam biɛligu daa yiɣisi la tuhupihinahi ni tusaayɔbu ni pihiwɔi ni ayɔbu (4,696).

Ninvuɣ' shɛba ban daa be di ni Byzantine mini Musulinsi daadiini saha nti pahi ottuman mini british mandate ni daa niŋ ninsalinima kalinli, musulinima n-daa be tiŋ maa ni. Saha shɛli ha, tiŋ' maa daa dola Jerusalem mini Bayt Jibrin sunsuuni. Battir bela Jaffa-Jerusalem zilijinaba zuɣusaa pumpɔŋɔ, din nyɛ armistic line din be lsreal mini Jordan sunsuuni tum 1949 yuuni hali ti kpa 6th-day War, din daa niŋ ka Israel deei li. Yuuni 2007 Battir daa nyɛla ban mali daadam biɛligu tuhukɔbishinahi.

## Taarihi

### Saha kurili ha
Battir nyɛla dini mɛ shɛli Khirbet el-Yahud nuzaa wulinpuhili zuɣu, di nyɛla mɛbu shɛli din mali saha kurili Betar bin saɣinda. Di daa nyɛla luɣi shɛli niribi ni be kuriti tuma ni din saha hali na ni 2nd century CE ni, Romanima  ni daa ti saɣim li Bar kokhba saha la. Laribu yuli Battir nyɛla din gbibi tiŋ maa yu kurili.

Jewish kali soya zaɣ'yini wuhiya,  ni di lahi nyɛla luɣi shɛli dini daa soɣi Tannaic sage Eleazar ŋun daa yi Modi'im tingbani ni na.

Warren Cup nyɛla binshɛli dini daa nya ka di miri Battir.

#### Byzantine saha
Mosaic din daa yi Byzantine kurili bee tuuli musulinsi saha daa  nyɛla dini nyɛ shɛli Battir.

##### Ottoman Saha
Yuuni 1596 ni, Battir daa nyɛla din yuli yina Ottoman farigu kunduni ka nyɛla tinkpaŋ bila din be Nahiya of Quds din gba be Liwa of Quds. Di daa nyɛla din mali dundona 24 ni dakoya ayu, bi zaa daa nyɛla Musulinnima ka farigu maa daa nyɛla be ni yɔri shɛli ni wheat, binwola, buhi bee shizoba; ka di zaa kalinli daa yiɣisi 4,800 Akçe. Di zaa daa nyɛla din chɛŋ Waqf sani.

Yuuni 1838 ni di daa nyɛla dini ni mi shɛli Bttir, musilm tiŋkaŋa din be Beni Hassan district , Jerusalem wulinluhili zuɣu. 

French niri ŋun gɔra n ginda ka o yuli daa nyɛ Guèrin daa nyɛla ŋun kpuɣi napɔŋ n chaŋ lala tiŋ maani yuuni 1863 puuni, Ottoman tinkpaŋ kundu din da be yuuni kamani 1870 daa nyɛla din wuhi ni Battir daa malili niribi ban kalinli nyɛ 239, yiya 62 puuni, tɔ amaa kalinli maa daa nyɛla din nyɛ dabba ko dini. Di daa lahi nya kamai di daa mali mɔɣi'viɛlli din zori n-yiri jiŋli maa tooni.

Yuuni 1883 puuni, PEF Survey of Western Palestine, daa buɣisi Battir ka di nyɛla tinkpaŋ din bi pɔra ka bi galisi, di saha di nyɛla zaɣ'saɣisinli ka be vinvima ni.

Yuuni 1896 Bettir niribi kalinli daa nyɛla dini zahim shɛli ka di nyɛ niribi 750.

20th century ni, Battir lɛbigimsim daa nyɛla din zaŋ shɛli jɛndi luɣi shɛli din be maa, di daa be zilijinaba din chɛni Jerusalem zuɣu, din daa che ka di daa do polo ni n ti niriba, ka bi daa lahi nyɛri liɣiri gɔrim gɔriba nim sani.

#### British Mandate Saha
Yuuni 1992 niribi kalinli Palestine ni, British Mandate fukumsinima ni daa niŋ shɛli, Batir tiŋ maa zaa daa nyɛla musulinima ban kalinli nyɛ 542, ka daa pahi yuuni 1931 kalinli ni n du n-chɛŋ 758; musulinima daa nyɛla 755, ka niribi ayi daa nyɛla dolodolo Issah nima, ninvuɣ'yino daa nyɛla Jew ni yiya 172.

Yuuni 1945 kalinli ni, Batgie niribi daa nyɛla ban kalinli nyɛ 1,050, ban zaa daa nyɛ musulinima, di daa mali tingbana 8,028. Ŋo lo ŋo puuni, 1,805 dunamnima daa nyɛla kɔya ni be tingbani shɛŋa dini bahi kom, 2, 287 daa nyɛla cereals ka 73 dunams daa nyɛ foŋ mɛbu.

#### Jordanian Saha
Yuuni 1948 tobu maa saha, tinkpaŋnima maa pam daa nyɛla ban zo, amaa Mustafa Hassan nininvuɣ'bihi daa kpalimya. Yuŋ daa yi paagi, bi yɛn nola chendiri nima yiya maa ni, ka asiba ka bi zaŋ niɣi yi. Bini daa ti paari tinkpaŋ maa, Israeli nima daa tɛhila Battir daa nyɛla niribi ni na kuli be shɛli ka daa che tobu maa ŋmebu. armistice line daa nyɛla dini boogi shɛli ziliji palli maa shee, ka Battir daa ti kpalim kamani napɔŋ yaabu Jordan wulinpuhili boda din kpɛri Israel. Battir tingbani kɔbiga puuni vaabu pihita nyɛla din do Israel polo Green line, n ti pahi di duri shɛŋa, amaa tinkpan nima maa daa nyɛla dini che ka shɛbi gbibili dama bini daa bi che ka binshɛɣu niŋ zilijinaba maa, di saha bi ko n daa Palestinnima bini daa che ka bi yaɣiri chani Israel n ti tum bi tingbani tuma poi ka tlbu din daa ŋme dabaa ayɔbu maa daa naa yi ŋme. Battir luɣi shɛŋa din daa be Israel polo Green line maa ni pahila Mateh Yehuha Region Council nim sulinsi ni amaa bi ka bi din tɔli local committee ka Council maa yaa bi nyɛ din tumdi tuma nimaani.

Battir daa nyɛla din pa be Jordanian administration dini daa niŋ ka laribu nima ni Israelinima ni daa tuhi tɔbu yuuni 1948.

Jordanian niribi kalinli din daa niŋ yuuni 1961 daa nyɛla niribi 1,321 ban be Battir.

#### 1967 Nyaaŋa/Post-1967
Dini daa niŋ ka tɔbu sheli dini bɔli Six- Day War maa daa nyɛ shɛli din niŋ yuuni 1967 ni, Battir daa taɣimi n yi Jordanean tuma n labi Israeli tuma. Niribi kalinli din daa niŋ yuuni 1967 daa nyɛla din kali niribi 1445.

Oslo II Accord maa nuu dihibu nyaaŋa yuuni 1995 ni, Battir pa nyɛla Palestunian National Authority(PNA) nima ni lihiri shɛli. Di nyɛla tinkpaŋ council ni lihiri shɛli ka niribi awoi shɛba PNA nima ni piigi n nyɛ ban lihirili.

Kobigi puuni vaabu 23.7% tiŋ maa pɔliti daa nyɛla dini pu shɛŋa Area B, ka diŋ kpalim, dini n-nyɛ kɔbigi puuni vaabu 76.3% nyɛ dini daa pu shɛli ka di nyɛ Area C.

Yuuni 2007 ni, Battir niribi kalinli daa nyɛla 3,967, yuuni 2012 ni tiŋ maa niribi daa nyɛla dini zahim kabi nyɛ kamani 4,500. 

## Geography/Tiŋgbani biɛhigu
Battir nyɛla din be Bethlehem  6.4km ( waɣilim ) nuzaa wulinluhili zuɣu, zoli din be Wadi el- Jundi ( lit." Valley of the Soldier" ) zuɣu, din zori di nudirigu wulinluhili zuɣu n kuni Judean zoya. PEF's Survey of Western Palestine yuuni 1883 daa biɣisi la tiŋ maa bin taɣirisi, ka yɛri ni di malila kuɣa din kuli zan zaya, ka tiŋ maa kuli lahi nyɛ kuɣa ni hali di gbinni, lala ŋo zuɣu tiŋ maa nuzaa zuɣu nyɛla din mali yaa pam,  ka di nudirigu zuɣu mali nyiŋ go moɣu ravine zuɣiri sunsuni.

#### Ancient irrigation system and terraces
Battir malila ko soli gahindili din zaŋdi ninsali nima ni mali teraci binshɛli ( habbai'l ) tumdi tuma, nti pahi binshɛlu din yihiri kom di toli n doli sluice soya. Roman - era  network nyɛla binshɛli dini na zaŋdi tumdi tuma, ka di nyɛ moɣa apoin ntirili kom ka di gba bo ko suŋ ti niriba yuma 2,000. Lala irrigeetion soya ŋo nyɛla din zori yiri vinvima din miri Green line luɣi shɛli Ottoman saha Hejaz Railway ni daa soŋ. Battir daŋ niribi a nii nii maa nyɛla ban deeri taba biɛɣu kulo kam n tiri tinkpaŋ maa binwola kom. Lala ŋo zuɣu tinkannimaa yɛrimi ni Battir ni bakoi nyɛla dabaa anii amaaa ka ni daa apoin. Giovanni Sontana ŋun nyɛ ŋun lihiri tingbana ka be UNESCO, " ni luɣa bɛla n kpalim di yi niŋ ka shɛli na bɛni gba ka kurumbuni agricacha na tumdi tuma, di bahi bahindi di ni be viɛnyɛla maa, di lahi nyɛla din tumdi tiŋ maa ni ka bi saɣi tili".

Yuuni 2007 ni, Battir tinkpaŋ daa nyɛla ban duho Israel Defense Ministry domi bi daa zaŋ firiminsi ni bi taɣi Israel soli dini daa pun zahim shɛli din das yɛn cheegi yi Battir binshɛli dini malj yoɣiri bindira kom ka di yuma  nyɛ 2,000. Israel Nature and Parks Authority (INPA), ban daa saɣiti gariche maa so kurili maa yuuni 2005,  daa nyɛla ban taɣi bi hankali ka sabi kundu din gbana nyɛ pinaata, yɛli ni Battir terrace nima maa gba nyɛla Israel nɛma tiɛri ka di wuhiri ka dama bi gbibili viɛnyɛla, ka lahi yɛli ni agricacha terraci din be Battir ka doli koli so kura tiŋ maa ni nyɛla fence maa ni yɛn ti shɛli barina, hali di yi kuli nyɛ zaɣ'moɣilin bila ka wula. Dini n daa nyɛ tuuli ka Isreli gomnanti zaɣisi ni di me fencd din waligi. Lala affidavit ŋo daa nyɛla di baa ani puuni zaɣ'yini din wuhi ni fence maa nyʋla din yɛn saɣim bi koli soli din nyɛ zaɣi gahindili,  ka silimin goli May piligu yuuni 2013, Israeli High Court of Jistice daa ŋmaa yɛltoɣa maa ka dama Defense Ministry toɣisi yɛli daliri din tahili ka soya din be Battir nyɛ dini yɛn taɣi shɛli bee n nyahi shɛli bee n taɣili.Defense Ministry maa daa yɛn tila gbaŋ n wuhiri so shɛli dini yɛn dola n gu boda  maa  ka di bi saɣim Battir.
  

Yuuni 2011 UNESCO daa nyɛla ban ti Battir liɣiri din yiɣisi $15,000 ka din nyɛla dini gbibi saha kura nɛma viɛnyala la zuɣu di bahi bahindi bi pukparilim kom bahibu soli maa.

Silimin goli May yuuni 2012, Palestinian National Authoritt daa nyɛla ban tim tuumbi UNESCO tuma duzuɣu din be Paris ni bi ti di alizama nyannya dini too zaŋ Battir pahi di World Heritage List ni. PNA zuɣulan paa ŋun su gobu yaɣili, ka o yuli booni Hamamdan Taha, daa yɛliya ni tuma duu maa daa bori ni di gbibi Palestinian ni humanitarian heritage ka daa kali wuhi di teraci ni koli ko soya bahibu. Battir piibu maa nyɛla dini daa taɣ'shɛli zali soli dama saha daa pun chaŋ.

Gbaŋ din daa wuhiri saɣingu shɛli waligibu maa ni yɛn niŋ lala yaɣili maa, Israel Nature and Parks Authority ( INPA) daa sabiya " wahala shɛli ban koɣiti ŋo ni niŋda ni bi boli yaɣili maa World Heritave Site nyɛla din dihiti vi pam, ka di simsi ni ti mini ba gbini kpalanzuya  n gu ka taɣi lala na tiɛru ŋo".

Silimin goli January, yuuni 2015 ni tinkpaŋ maa toondana, ŋun yuli daa nyʋ Akram Badir daa yɛliya ni Israeli Supreme Court daa zaɣisi IDF nima ni daa yɛli ni di mɛ bini din yɛn waligi tinkpaŋ maa ni.

## Archaeology

Roman kurili ko suli shee din nyɛ moɣa ni tiri shɛli kom nyɛla din be tiŋ maa sunsuni. Ban vihiri tingbani ni yino, ŋun yuli nyɛ D.Issishkin yɛliya ni tiŋ maa daa pin biɛnimi saha shɛli dini boli Iron Age, ka daa yɛli ni saha shɛli tiŋ maa taɣibu ni daa kana, ni di daa nyɛla tinkpaŋ shɛli din mali niribi kamani 1,000 mini 2,000 sunsuni Bar Kochba nim ni daa pii shɛli di moɣili zuɣu, dini daa tam zoli zuɣu ni dini niŋ ka di daa lahi miri Jerusalam- Gaza palli.Roman sabbu daa nyɛla dini daa nyɛ binshɛli ka di be tiŋ maa moɣili gbini ka di zuɣu di sabi Fiftg Macedonian Legion ni Eleventh Claudian Legion  yuya din yɛli ni legions daa naan too nyɛ ban gba nuu daa  be tiŋ maa deebu ni Emperor Hadrian saha.

Shahira kani wuhi ni niribi daa be tiŋ maa ni di ni daa niŋ ka tobu maa tuhi naa.

## Sister cities
*  Luton, United Kingdom

## Bibliography
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## External links
* Welcome To Battir 
* Battir, Welcome to Palestine
* Survey of Western Palestine, Map 17: IAA , Wikimedia commons
* Battir Village (Fact Sheet), Applied Research Institute–Jerusalem (ARIJ)
* Battir Village Profile, ARIJ
* Battir Village Area Photo, ARIJ
* The priorities and needs for development in Battir village based on the community and local authorities’ assessment, ARIJ
* www.battir.i8.com
* Battir village photos
* Battir Video

## Kundivihira
4.https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/292/mode/1up

5.https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/D._Ussishkin

6.

7.https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft/page/312/mode/1up

8.https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battir#cite_ref-8

s://archive.org/stream/tentworkinpales00fundgoog#page/n168/mode/1up

#https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battir#cite_ref-:1_10-0
#
#
# **^** אוצר מסעות - יהודה דוד אייזענשטיין Archived October 2, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
# **^** 
# **^** 
# **^** 
# **^** Dauphin, 1998, p. 911
# **^** Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 115
# **^** Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, 2nd appendix, p. 123
# **^** Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 2, pp. 324-325
# **^** Guérin, 1869, p. 387 ff
# **^** Socin, 1879, p. 148 It was also noted as located in the *Beni Hasan* district
# **^** Hartmann, 1883, p. 122 also noted 62 houses
# ^ ***a*** ***b*** Conder and Kitchener, 1883, SWP III, pp. 20-21
# **^** Schick, 1896, p. 125
# **^** A Window on the West Bank, by Bret Wallach
# **^** Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Jerusalem, p. 14
# **^** Mills, 1932, p. 37
# **^** Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 24
# **^** Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. *Village Statistics, April, 1945.* Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 56
# **^** Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. *Village Statistics, April, 1945.* Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 101
# **^** Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. *Village Statistics, April, 1945.* Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 151
# **^** 
# ^ ***a*** ***b*** ***c*** 
# **^** 
# **^** Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. 23
# **^** 
# ^ ***a*** ***b*** 
# **^** "Palestine readying to propose Battir for UNESCO protection". Ma'an News Agency. February 1, 2013. Archived from the original on May 17, 2013. Retrieved June 11, 2013.