Wikipidia

**Wikipedia** nyɛla yoli pɔhim zuɣu baŋsim bayana kundu shɛli niriba ni laɣimdi n-tɔhiri sabira ka bɛ booni ninvuɣ shɛba ban sabiri di lahabali Naawuni zuɣu ŋɔ Wikipedianima ka bɛ nyɛ ban sabiri lala lahabali ŋɔ niŋdi wiki "software" MediaWiki. Wikipidia nyɛla luɣishɛli din bara ka lahi nyɛ kundivihira tuma karimbu shee pam taarihi puuni, ka nyɛ luɣishɛli din pahi wɛbisiti pia shɛŋa niriba ni tooi kpɛra pam ni; , Semrush nima nyɛla ban daa pilli suŋ bunahi zuɣu, ka Similarweb nima mi nyɛ ban daa pilli suŋ buyopɔin zuɣu. Ban daa piligi li nyɛ Jimmy Wales mini Larry Sanger silimiin goli January biɛɣ'pinaanu dali yuuni 2001, Wikipidia nyɛla din be Wikimedia Foundation nima sulinsi ni tum yuuni 2003, Americanima ʒingama laɣingu shɛli bɛ ni daa piligi ka di nyɛ din nyari sɔŋsim ninvuɣ shɛba ban kariŋdili sani.

Tuuli di nyɛla din daa na be silimiinsili balli ni kɔŋko amaa saha ŋɔ di nyɛla binshɛli niri ni tooi niŋ maliniŋ Wikipidia balla din gari kɔbisita ni. Silimiinsili Wikipidia nyɛla din mali lahabaya kamani miliyɔŋ 6.9 ka nyɛ din nyari maliniŋ kamani miliyɔŋ pinaata goli yini puuni ni (kamani maliniŋ dibaa anu tɔbu yim ni)  . Silimiin goli July yuuni 2024, kamani kɔbigi puuni vaabu pishi ni anu maliniŋ nyɛla din daa yina United States, ka Japan doli ni kɔbigi puuni vaabu 6.2%, United Kingdom mi kɔbigi puuni vaabu 5.8%, ka Russia mali kɔbigi puuni vaabu 5.2%, Germany mi kɔbigi puuni vaabu dibaa ani ka vaabu pihinu ni yini din kpalim maa mi pirrigi n-ti tiŋgbani shɛŋa din pahi maa, lala lahabali ŋɔ nyɛla din yina Similarweb.

Wikipidia nyɛla niriba ni puhi ka paɣa binshɛli pam ka di daliri nyɛla di ni pahiri baŋsim, di ni wuligi gili n-ti pahi di biɛhigu din gahim mini kaya ni taada. Di nyɛla binshɛli ninvuɣ shɛba ni galim shɛli di gbaai bahindi paɣaba lahabaya polo mini tiŋgbana biɛhigu lahabaya zaŋ jandi Global South (Eurocentrism). Din daa niŋ ka niriba nyɛ ban daa galindi Wikipidia bin din gbaai yuuni 2000s, di nyɛla binshɛli din taɣi ka kpalim nyari paɣabu bin din gbaai yuuni 2010s bahigu zaŋ du ka nyɛ din leei anfaani lahabaya bɔbu shee. Wikipidia  nyɛla luɣishɛli tiŋgbani shɛŋa gomnantinima ni tooi yihiri lahabaya. Lahabaya zaŋ jandi lahabali shɛli din na chani bee niŋda nyɛla lahabali shɛli niriba ni kuli mali wuhiri salo zaŋ chaŋ lala yɛliniŋda maa.

## Taarihi
### Nupedia

Ninvuɣ shɛba ban mali zaɣa ni pohim zuɣu lahabaya sabbu mini karimbu nyɛla ban daa mo pɔi ni Wikipidia piligibu amaa ka daa bɛ di nasara. Wikipidia nyɛla din daa piligi ka nyɛ tuma zaŋ n-ti Nupedia, yoli pohim zuɣu siliminsili balli tuma din jandi gbanbiɛlima sabbu ka baŋdiba nyɛ ban daa sabiri ka vihiri bee labirilihiri lala gbanbiɛlima ŋɔ. Di nyɛla bɛ ni daa piligi shɛli silimiin gɔli March dabaa awɔi dali yuuni 2000, di sulinsi nyɛla din daa na be Bomis. Ninvuɣ shɛba ban daa piligi nyɛ Bomis CEO Jimmy Wales mini Larry Sanger, editor-in-chief zaŋ n-ti Nupedia ka bɛ daa ti taɣi di yuli ŋɔ boli Wikipedia. Nupedia nyɛla din daa tuui deegi di shɛhira gbaŋ Nupedia Open Content License amaa pɔi ka Wikipidia daa piligi, Nupedia nyɛla din daa yi labi GNU Free Documentation License din daa niŋ ka Richard Stallman daa kpaŋsi di labbu. Wales nyɛla niriba ni puhiri so ka paɣara din niŋ ka o tooi niŋ ka sokam ni tooi sabbi di zuɣu maa, ka Sanger nyɛ niriba ni puhiri ka paɣari so ka di nyɛla o ni niŋ kpaŋmaŋ ka wiki yɛligi gili zuɣu. Silimiin gɔli January biɛɣ'pia dali yuuni 2001, Sanger nyɛla ŋun yɛlli Nupedia satari tiriba ni bɛ nammi wiki ka di nyɛ "feeder" tuma zaŋ n-ti Nupedia.

### Launch and growth
Wikipidia nyɛla bɛ ni daa piligi shɛli silimiin goli January biɛɣ'pinaanu dali yuuni 2001 ka daa na nyɛ siliminsili balli ni kɔŋko www.wikipedia.com, ka Sanger nyɛ ŋun daa yɛlli Nupedia satarili tiriba. Di yuli ŋɔ nyɛla din yina bachinima ayi puuni wiki mini encyclopedi. Di laɣimbu zalikpani nyɛla "neutral point-of-view" Bomis nyɛla ŋun daa na tuui mali niya ni o zaŋ li leei nyori nyabu daabilim.

Wikipidia nyɛla din daa tuui nya tohiriba Nupedia, Slashdot zaŋ wuhi salo n-ti pahi vihigu injine. Balli nammbu nyɛla bɛ ni daa piligi shɛli silimiin goli March yuuni 2001 ni kalinli din yiɣisi kɔbigi ni pihiyobu ni yini bin din gbaai yuuni 2004 bahigu. Nupedia mini Wikipidia nyɛla din daa na laɣim tumda hali ni ka bɛ daa ti waligi li yuuni 2003. Siliminsili Wikipidia nyɛla din daa nya gbanbiɛlima din kalinli gari miliyɔŋ dibaa ayi silimiin goli September dabaa awɔi dali yuuni 2007 ka di daa leei encyclopedia din galisi din daa niŋ ka di gari Yongle Encyclopedia shɛli bɛ ni daa piligi China yuuni 1408 ka di nyɛ din daa gbubi lala taarihi ŋɔ kamani kɔbisiyobu.

Di zuɣu daabiligu niŋbu mini di gu ka taɣi, tohiriba ban yina Spanish Wikipidia nyɛla ban daa namm  silimiin goli February yuuni 2002. Wales nyɛla ŋun daa yina n-ti yɛlli ni Wikipidia pala daabiligu niŋbu shee ka daa taɣi li yi *wikipedia.com* labisi *wikipedia.org*.

Siliminsili Wikipidia nyɛla din gbanbiɛlima daa paai miliyɔŋ dibaa ata silimiin goli August yuuni 2009, di zoobu zaŋ chaŋ di gbanbiɛlima palla kalinli pahibu mini tohi tohiriba kalinli pahibu nyɛla din pahi pam yuuni 2007. Gbanbiɛlima kamani 1,800 nyɛla bɛ ni daa pahiri binshɛli biɛɣ'kam yuuni 2006; bin din gbaai yuuni 2013 di daa nyɛla kamani 800. Laɣingu zaŋ n-ti Palo Alto Research Center nyɛ ban daa su di nyaaŋa labbu ŋɔ.

### Milestones
Silimin goli January yuuni 2007,  Comscore Networks daa yeliya ni Wikipedia daa  nyala din pahi websaatinima pia din mali milinsi United States. Ka nirriba ban kalinli paagi 42.9 milllion ku kperi wikipidia websaati maa zuɣu, di daa nyala din do bu woi , ka daa yaɣi T*he New York Times* (din daa do pia ) ni *Apple* (din daa do piniyini) la zuɣu. Lala ŋo daa nyala kpaŋmaŋ pam zaŋti wikipedia dama ayi lihi silimin goli January yuuni 2006, wikipidia daa nyala din do pihitanaata , ka niribi ban kperi dini kalini daa nye 18.3  million. Yuuni 2014, niriba daa lihi wikepedia paaginima ka lala paajinima ŋo kalinli yiɣisi 18 billion goli kam. Silimin goli February dabaa awoi dali yuuni 2014, The New York Times daa ti lahabali wuhi ni ayi lihi comScore pubu pubu la ni, ni niriba daa nyala ban lihi wikipedia paajinima ka di kalinli yiɣisis 18 billion ka niriba ban kalinli yiɣisi 500 miliion gba nye ban kuli kperi wikipedia goli kam.Similarweb daa bahi lahabali ni  Silimin goli March, yuuni 2023 saha la, wikipedia daa pa dola bu yobu zuɣu di yi kana milinsi polo.  

Silimin goli January 18, yuuni 2012, English Wikipedia daa nyala din to ayirimo zaŋ jandi zalikpan pala ayi sheli United States Congress ni daa bori ni bi zali - lala zalikpana ŋo n daa nye Stop Online Piracy(SOPA) ni PROTECT IP ACT (PIPA)- ka lala zalikpana ŋo daliri daa che ka niribi bi lahi tooi nyari binsheli wikipedia paajinima la zuɣu awa pishinaanahi ( dabisili). Daliri din wuhiri binsheli din daa niŋ maa daa nyala din daa pa wikipedia paajinima maa zuɣu n taɣiri wikipedia maŋmaŋ lahibaya, ka niriba ban kalinli daa yaɣi 162 million daa  nye ban lihi lala blackout paaji maa.

Silimin goli Janaury yuuni 2013, bi daa zaŋ Wikipedia yuli n pa "asteroid" yini "274301 Wikipedia"; Silimin goli OCtober yuuni 2014, bi daa me bin gahindili ( bini booni sheli monument la" n ti Wikipedia din wuhihiri di kpaŋmaŋa .

## Language editions

Saha ŋɔ balla kalinli kamani kɔbisita ni pihita ni ayi nyɛla din tohiri sabiri Wikipidia (ka bɛ lahi booni li balli yaɣili bee alaha Wikipidianima). Bin din gbaai  yuuni , balla dibaa ayobu shɛŋa din daa mali Wikipidia gbanbiɛlima pam n-daa nyɛ Siliminsili, Cebuano, German, French, Swedish n-ti pahi Dutch Wikipidianima. 


File:Wikipedia page views by language over time.png|Most viewed editions of Wikipedia, 2008–2020
File:Wikipedia editors by language over time.png|Most edited editions of Wikipedia, 2001–2020


## Reception

Wikipidianima nyɛla ban galim Wikipidia galism mini yɛligu taɣibu, di ni nyɛ zalikpana pihinu mini bachininima kamani 150,000 

Shɛba nyɛla ban yɛlli ni Wikipidia nyɛla din gaŋdi binshɛŋa. Yuuni 2010, columnist jourmini lahabalitira Edwin Black nyɛla ban daa buɣisi Wikipidia "yɛlimaŋli, yɛlimaŋli pirigili n-ti pahi ʒiri bela". Gbanbiɛlima din be *[[The Chronicle of Higher Education]]* mini *[[The Journal of Academic Librarianship]] nyɛla din galim Wikipidia ka yɛlli ni Wikipidia nyɛla din bi tiri lahabali shɛli din tuhi dama di zaɣa nyɛla din be yɛltɔɣili yɛlikpana ni ka yihiri lala yɛltɔɣili maa puuni yɛlikpana bihi bahira ka di zuɣu ni tooi che ka lala lahabali ŋɔ bi tuhi dama di bi tooi naai*.

Lahabalitiriba Oliver Kamm mini Edwin Black nyɛla ban daa galim Wikipidia(yuuni 2010 mini yuuni  2011 gabaadaya) ni gbanbiɛlima nyɛla niriba pam ni laɣindi sabiri shɛli ka di zuɣu ni tooi che ka di lahabali bi tuhi. Yuuni 2008 gbanbiɛlili Education Next lahabali nyɛla din daa yɛlli ni Wikipidia nyɛla din taɣiri lahabali.

Yuuni 2020, Omer Benjakob mini Stephen Harrison nyɛla ban daa yɛlli ni pohim zuɣu lahabatiriba zaŋ n-ti Wikipidia nyɛla din booi pam yuma ayi din gari maa.

"Multiple news networks" nyɛla ban galim Wikipidia ka yɛlli ni di nyɛla ideologically biased. Silimiin goli February yuuni 2021, Fox News nyɛla ban daa galim Wikipidia ka daa yɛlli ni di gbanbiɛlima nyɛla din jandiri tiŋgbani bee tiŋsi mini "socialism" ka nyɛ din gaŋda. Ŋun daa pahi ka Wikipidia piligi Sanger nyɛla ŋun daa yɛlli ni Wikipidia nyɛla din leei  pɔripɔriganda ka niri ku tooi lahi dihili tabili. Yuuni 2022, John Stossel nyɛla ŋun daa yɛlli ni Wikipidia nyɛla binshɛli o ni na min zaŋ o liɣiri sɔŋ amaa ni di nyɛla din gaŋdi siyaasa tali yaɣili. Vihigu shɛŋa nyɛla din wuhi ni Wikipidia di gbaai bahindi Silimiinsili Wikipidia nyɛla din gaŋ  "wulinluhili polo nima kaya ni taada  bee "Eurocentric bias", Carwil Bjork-James nyɛla ŋun daa yɛlli ni Wikipidia nyɛla di ni tooi m-bo maligu ti lala yɛlimuɣisira ŋɔ di yi niŋ ka bɛ zaa laɣindi taba  ka Dangzhi Zhao mi daa yɛlli ni bɛ boomi gbaŋpiɛlla dabba tohi sabiriba.

### Accuracy of content

Gbanbiɛlima zaŋ n-ti encyclopedianima kamani *[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]* nyɛla baŋdiba ni sabiri shɛŋa ka di zuɣu che ka lala encyclopedianima ŋɔ be viɛnyɛla. 

Wikipidia nyɛla din yoogi n-ti sokam ka niriba pam nya li ka di nyɛ dihitabili yili pohim zuɣu "encyclopedia". Di yɛltɔɣa zaŋ jandi gbanbiɛlima sabbu bee maliniŋ yobu, Wikipidia gbanbiɛlinli yuli booni *The Wall Street Journal puuni bɛ daa yɛlli di zalikpana zaa zaŋ n-ti di sabbu*. Lala gbanbiɛlinli ŋɔ daa wuhiya ni: "Bin din gbaai Atani [lala gbanbiɛlinli ŋɔ dabisili silimiin goli June biɛɣ'pinaayobu dali yuuni 2014], taɣibu nyɛla din niŋ Wikipidia ka bɛ pa ban lahi yɛn yo so o sabbu zuɣu. Katherine Maher, Wikimedia Foundation yɛltɔɣa yɛra ɔfisa nyɛla ŋun daa yɛlli ni Wikipidia pala daabiligu niŋbu shee amaa di nyɛla "encyclopedia". Lala yɛligola ŋɔ mini taba zaa nyɛla bɛ ni daa pun m-bo maligu n-ti shɛŋa tum Wikipidia piligu, bɛ so nyɛ Stephen Colbert zaŋ n-ti *[[The Colbert Report]]*.

### Coverage of topics and systemic bias

Wikipidia nyɛla din ŋmaari ninsali baŋsim yɛltɔɣa jia ka yɛltɔɣili kam nyɛ din mali pohim zuɣu gbanbiɛlinli. Pirinla di nyɛla din mali terabytes polo zuɣu, di nyɛla di ni tooi deei yɛltɔɣa pam gari pohim sabbu dundɔŋ shɛŋa din pahi. Wikipidia gbanbiɛlima kuli nyɛla ninvuɣ shɛba ban laɣindi n-tohiri sabiri Wikipidia ni labiri lihiri ka maani binshɛŋa niŋdi saha kam, lahabali yihibu mini pahibu pala saani Wikipidia. Wikipidia lahabali shɛŋa niri ni nya ka di bi chaŋ viɛnyɛla kamani di yi kpɛ so ninsalisili ni bee ka di nyɛ zaɣam nyɛla niri ni tooi yihi shɛli. Yuuni 2008, Wikipidia nyɛla din daa zaɣisi lahabali shɛli bɛ ni daa zaŋ pahi Muhammad gbanbiɛlinli ni ka yɛlli ni di nyɛla Muhammad anfooni. Lahabali shɛŋa din be Wikipidia ka nyɛ din jandi siyaasa tali, adiini bee zina nyɛla din tahi "censorship" na Wikipedia ka ban tahili ŋɔ na nyɛ zalikpana zaaniba ban be China,  Pakistan, ni tiŋgbani shɛŋa din pahi.

### Sexism

Wikipidia nyɛla bɛ ni daa buɣisi binshɛli yuuni 2015 ni di nyɛla din gbanbiɛlima bee lahabali jandi dabba kɔŋko. Lala zuɣu yuuni 2013 bɛ daa niŋ Wikipidia "editorship". Edit-a-thons nyɛla bɛ ni niŋ shɛli ka di kpaŋsiri paɣaba gbanbiɛlima nammbu.

Silimiin goli May yuuni 2018,  Wikipedia sabi sabira nyɛla ŋun daa zaɣisi gbanbiɛlinli zaŋ n-ti Donna Strickland pirinla di daa ka kundivihira pam zuɣu. Di chira anu nyaaŋa, Strickland nyɛla ŋun daa di Nobel Prize in Physics ka daa leei paɣa ŋun pahiri ata ka di pini ŋɔ. Strickland nyɛla ŋun daa di pini ŋɔ ni Gerard Mourou. Din daa niŋ ka bɛ zaɣisi o gbanbiɛlinli ŋɔ zuɣu daa che ka niriba galim Wikipidia ka yɛlli ni gbanbiɛlima bee di lahabaya nyɛla din jandi dabba kɔŋko amaa  Corinne Purtill nyɛla ŋun daa sabi n-ti *[[Quartz (publication)|Quartz]]* n-daa ŋmɛli nangbankpeeni ka yɛlli ni pohim zuɣu lahabaliriba to ni bɛ sabiri paɣaba yɛltɔɣa niŋda. Purtill nyɛla ŋun daa zaŋ lala galimi ŋɔ n-ti pohim zuɣu lahabalitiriba.

### Chinese access
Mainland China nima soli nya kpɛ Wikipidia nyɛla bɛ ni daa kpari shɛli tum silimiin goli May yuuni 2015. Bɛ niŋ limi din daa niŋ ka Wikipidia daa piligi HTTPS zaŋ tum tuma nyaaŋa.
## Cultural influence<span class="anchor" id="Influence"></span>
### Trusted source to combat fake news
Bin din gbaai yuuni  2017 zaŋ chaŋ yuuni 2018, din daa niŋ ka ʒiri lahabaya gɔri ginda, Facebook mini YouTube zaa nyɛla ban daa yɛlli ni bɛ nyɛla ban yɛn doli Wikipidia nyari lahabali shɛŋa din mali yɛlimaŋli. Noam Cohen nyɛla ŋun daa sabi *[[The Washington Post]]* yɛlli ni, "YouTube's nyɛla din doli Wikipidia nyari lahabali shɛŋa din mali yɛlimaŋli ka di lahi che ka di yihiri lahabali kam din mali ʒiri."

#### COVID-19 pandemic

COVID-19 duro saha, Wikipidia lahabali zaŋ jandi duro ŋɔ mini di yɛlmaŋli zaŋ jandi li nyɛla tiŋduya lahabalitiriba ni daa zaŋ bɛ zaɣa pam niŋ shɛli ka di zuɣu che ka niriba pam daa kpalim kpɛri di ni ti karimdi lahabaya. Noam Cohen nyɛla ŋun daa sabi *[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]* yɛlli ni "Wikipidia din mali lahabali shɛŋa din ka ʒiri ka wɛbisiti shɛŋa din pahi maa kamani Twitter, Facebook ni din kam pahi nyɛ din mali lahabali shɛŋa din mali ʒiri amaa Wikipidia kuli nyɛla din yɛn gaŋdu pohim zuɣu saha." Silimiin goli October yuuni 2020, World Health Organization nyɛla ban daa yina n-ti yɛlli ni bɛ binyɛra nyɛla din be Wikimedia tumanima ni. Gbanbiɛlima kamani 7,000 nyɛla bɛ ni daa nam shɛli niŋ Wikipidia ka di nyɛ din jandi COVID-19 bin din gbaai silimiin goli 

### Cultural significance

Wikipidia lahabaya gba nyɛla bɛ ni yunsiri baŋsim bɔbu ni, bukunima ni, laɣinsi ni n-ti pahi kootu yɛltɔɣa nima ni. Jinaduu zaŋ n-ti Canada wɛbisiti nyɛla din daa di alizama jandi Wikipidia gbanbiɛlinli din nyɛ paɣa mini paɣa niŋmi taba amiliya bee doo mini doo niŋmi taba amiliya. Wikipidia nyɛla kundivihira zaŋ n-ti laɣingu duu shɛŋa kamani US "federal" kootu mini World Intellectual Property Organization Lahabaya din be Wikipidia gba nyɛla kundivihira zaŋ n-ti US intelligence agency . Silimin goli December yuuni 2008, tabibi lahabali tibu yaɣili *[[RNA Biology]]* nyɛla bɛ ni daa piligi shɛli ka daa sabi RNA daŋ gbanbiɛlinli ni bɛ zaŋ niŋ Wikipidia.

Wikipidia gba lahi nyɛla kundivihira zaŋ n-ti lahabali tibu bɔhimbu ni, ka di zuɣu che ka be tooi yihiri lahabalitiri shɛba ban yɛri yɛltɔɣa shɛŋa din nyɛ ʒirI.

### The Wikipedia Library

Wikipidia karimbu shee nyɛla kundu bayana shee zaŋ n-ti ninvuɣ shɛba ban laɣindi n-tohiri sabiri Wikipidia ka di che ka niriba tooi nyari lahabaya din pohim zuɣu mali li  niŋdi kundivihira bɛ sabbbu ni encyclopedia. Lahabali sabiriba ban gari pihiyobu nyɛla ban gbaai saawara ni Wikipidia karimbu shee ŋɔ ni bɛ tiri Wikipidia lahabali shɛŋa di ni tooi zaŋ niŋ kundivihira.
### Research use
Wikipidia nyɛla binshɛli niriba ni tooi mali shɛli niŋdi balla vihigu di yi ti niŋ ka lala niriba ŋɔ bori lahabali shɛŋa zaŋ jandi balli shɛli. Di nyɛla binshɛli niriba ni tooi mali m-bori maligu n-tiri yɛlimuɣ'sira nima pam, lala zuɣu shɛba booni li la "wikification". So shɛŋa din ŋmani wikification nyɛla binshɛli niriba ni tooi zaŋ baŋ linki shɛŋa din kani Wikipidia.

Silimin goli 2015, Frenchvihigu niŋdiba José Lages zaŋ n-ti University of Franche-Comte' din be Besancon mini Dima Shepelyansky zaŋ n-ti Paul Sabatier University din be Toulouse nyɛla ban daa zaŋ duniya zaa university dooshɛhi wuhi salo ka di nyɛla bɛ daa doli la "Wikipedia scholarly citations". Bɛ daa yunsi la PageRank, CheiRank ni din kam ŋmani li n-doli di kalinli din be Wikipidia balli koŋko pishi ni anahi ni. Bɛ daa zaŋ la vihigu ŋɔ wuhi salo yuuni 2019.

Yuuni 2017 MIT vihigu nyɛla din daa wuhi ni bachi shɛŋa din be Wikipidia gbanbiɛlima ni nyɛla bɛ ni tooi mali shɛli niŋdi tabibi vihisi.

Vihigu nyɛla din wuhi ni Wikipidia nyɛla din mali maʒina mini AI tumdi tumanima. Di anfaani zaɣ'yini nyɛ di ni tooi baŋdi "vandalism" mini lahabali zaɣ'viɛlli tali zahimbu Wikipidia.

## Lihimi m-pahi

* Democratization of knowledge
* Interpedia
* List of films about Wikipedia
* List of online encyclopedias
* List of Wikipedia controversies
* List of wikis
* Network effect
* Outline of Wikipedia
* QRpedia
* Wikipedia Review

## Kundivihira

### Wikipedia-affiliated and primary sources

## Further reading

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* "Wikipedia probe into paid-for 'sockpuppet' entries", BBC News, October 21, 2013.
* "The Decline of Wikipedia" , *MIT Technology Review*, October 22, 2013
* "Edits to Wikipedia pages on Bell, Garner, Diallo traced to 1Police Plaza"  (March 2015), *[[Media in New York's Capital District|Capital]]*
* Angola's Wikipedia Pirates Are Exposing Problems  (March 2016), *[[Vice (magazine)|Motherboard]]*
*  *[[Full Measure with Sharyl Attkisson]]*, April 17, 2016. (Includes video.)
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* The Great Book of Knowledge, Part 1: A Wiki is a Kind of Bus, *[[Ideas (radio show)|Ideas, with Paul Kennedy]]*, CBC Radio One, originally broadcast January 15, 2014. The webpage includes a link to the archived audio program (also found here). The radio documentary discusses Wikipedia's history, development, and its place within the broader scope of the trend to democratized knowledge. It also includes interviews with several key Wikipedia staff and contributors, including Kat Walsh and Sue Gardner (audio, 53:58, Flash required).
* "So Is Wikipedia Cracking Up?" *The Independent*, February 3, 2009.
* Wikipedia's Year-End List Shows What the Internet Needed to Know in 2019. Alyse Stanley, December 27, 2019, Gizmodo.

### Academic studies

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* Rosenzweig, Roy. Can History be Open Source? Wikipedia and the Future of the Past. (Originally published in *[[The Journal of American History]]* 93.1 (June 2006): 117–146.)
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### Books

*  (Substantial criticisms of Wikipedia and other web 2.0 projects.)
** Listen to:  The NPR interview with A. Keen, Weekend Edition Saturday, June 16, 2007.
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*  (See book review by Baker, as listed hereafter.)
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### Book review–related articles

* Baker, Nicholson. "The Charms of Wikipedia". *[[The New York Review of Books]]*, March 20, 2008. Retrieved December 17, 2008. (Book rev. of *The Missing Manual*, by John Broughton, as listed previously.)
* Crovitz, L. Gordon. "Wikipedia's Old-Fashioned Revolution: The online encyclopedia is fast becoming the best." (Originally published in *[[The Wall Street Journal|Wall Street Journal]]* onlineApril 6, 2009.)
* Postrel, Virginia, "Who Killed Wikipedia? : A hardened corps of volunteer editors is the only force protecting Wikipedia. They might also be killing it", *[[Pacific Standard]]*, November/December 2014 issue.

## External links
*  – multilingual portal (contains links to all language editions)
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* Wikipedia topic page at *[[The New York Times]]*
* Video of TED talk by Jimmy Wales on the birth of Wikipedia