Makonde art

Bɛ ni booni  **Mankonde binyahiri Malibu**, di wuhirimi ni  East African Sculptures bee zaamani ŋɔ nivuɣ'shɛba ban peentira bee ban mi binyahiri niɣiŋbu bee malibu ka be Northern Mozambique ni  southern Tanzania din wɔligi ka che Ruvuma mɔɣili maa. Ninvuɣ'shɛba ban niɣindi  binyahiri taarihima malila bɛ ni niɣindi binshɛŋa maa balibu buyi zuɣu, ŋanima n- nyɛ, ti yaanima ni daa maandi binshɛŋa ni zaamani it ŋɔ binyahiri Malibu.lala binyahiri malibu ŋɔ nyɛla lahibali kurili tum 1930 yuma maa ha,saha shɛli bɛ ni daa laɣim Centro Cultural dos Novos din daa nyɛ Portugese ni su Shɛli la zuŋɔ dini nyɛ Mozambique.

## Biɛh'kura mini biɛh'pala

Makonde binyahiri Malibu ni tooi lahi pu pubu shɛm zuɣu.zaman waɣinli ha,Makonde nima daa pun maandila dun'donani binyahiri, ni baɣiyuya binyahiri nti pahi binzuɣiri.

1930 yuma din garila,Portuguese nivu'shɛba ban daa deei man'sulinsi ni ninvuɣ'shɛba ban gba daa doli n- yɛri analooya yɛl'tɔɣa daa paana Mueda plateau din be Northern Mozambique la. Bɛ daa niŋ zaɣa pam ni korisi zaŋ jɛndi Makonde taabonima ŋmahibu zaŋ mali binyahiri ka daa pili binyahiri balibu balibu laɣimbu bin din gbaai Adiini yaɣili ni siyaasa yaɣili.Makonde bin maaniba ni daa kpahim nti ban ni niriba mali zaɣa ni bɛ ni maandi bin'yɛrishɛŋa maa,daa pa lahi pila binyɛri pala pili la bin'yɛri pala niɣinbu ka di nyɛla bɛ pa zaŋ dila pau- preto ( ebony taabo,Diospyros ebenum) ni pau- Rosa( Swartzia sapini.) Kadi nyɛla bɛ naan tooi zaŋ taabo shɛli din bala  m-mali ŋa kapa taabo shɛli din bi yoora. Din bɔŋɔ wuhiri ti mi,binyɛr'pali shɛŋa zaa silimiinsi ni maandi ŋɔ nyɛla Mankondinima ni pun maali bin'shɛŋa ka di be ti biɛhisi.

Mankode binyahiri Malibu din nyɛ din gahim  be bɛ yɛl'kura malibu puuni nyɛ la ŋmahin'shɛŋa din nyɛ Mapiko masks( zaɣ'gana: Lipiko). Binyahiri malibu bee niɣinbu ŋɔ nyɛla bɛ daa mali shɛŋa n wari bɛ   zuliya  wahi ka di nyɛ la ninkurilim nti pahi yɛl'kura yɛl'tɔɣa teeibu pahila bɛ waa maa wabu ni pɔi  ka dolodoloyisanima ti naanyi niŋgbuna ni bana19th century yuma nyaaŋa.Bɛ daa malila taabo shɛli din nyɛ( sumaumeira brava)  maandi lala nangbani bee niŋgbuŋ pɔbiri maa ka lahi zaŋ Shetani shifanima,ni kpiimba bee ban na nɛ( ka di nyɛla ( binyɛr'shɛŋa din nyɛ yɛlimaŋli bee ti bɛ teihanima). Wa'wariba  maa daa yelimi ka  di nyɛla bɛ nɛbu kuli yɛn nyɛla nangbani pɔbirisi ni bee nangban pɔbiri shɛli bɛ zaŋ niŋ zuɣuri ni,ka nangbani pɔbirisi kuli tuhi kpa ban wumda maa saha shɛli ban wari waa maa yi ti kurim n tuhi ba.
## Taɣibu din niŋ yuun'kobiga yini ka nyaaŋga
1930 yuma din garila,Portuguese nivu'shɛba ban daa deei man'sulinsi ni ninvuɣ'shɛba ban gba daa doli n- yɛri analooya yɛl'tɔɣa daa paana Mueda plateau din be Northern Mozambique la. Bɛ daa niŋ zaɣa pam ni korisi zaŋ jɛndi Makonde taabonima ŋmahibu zaŋ mali binyahiri ka daa pili binyahiri balibu balibu laɣimbu bin din gbaai Adiini yaɣili ni siyaasa yaɣili.Makonde bin maaniba ni daa kpahim nti ban ni niriba mali zaɣa ni bɛ ni maandi bin'yɛrishɛŋa maa,daa pa lahi pila binyɛri pala pili la bin'yɛri pala niɣinbu ka di nyɛla bɛ pa zaŋ dila pau- preto ( ebony taabo,Diospyros ebenum) ni pau- Rosa( Swartzia sapini.) Kadi nyɛla bɛ naan tooi zaŋ taabo shɛli din bala  m-mali ŋa kapa taabo shɛli din bi yoora. Din bɔŋɔ wuhiri ti mi,binyɛr'pali shɛŋa zaa silimiinsi ni maandi ŋɔ nyɛla Mankondinima ni pun maali bin'shɛŋa ka di be ti biɛhisi.

## Rites of passage
Mankode binyahiri Malibu din nyɛ din gahim  be bɛ yɛl'kura malibu puuni nyɛ la ŋmahin'shɛŋa din nyɛ Mapiko masks( zaɣ'gana: Lipiko). Binyahiri malibu bee niɣinbu ŋɔ nyɛla bɛ daa mali shɛŋa n wari bɛ   zuliya  wahi ka di nyɛ la ninkurilim nti pahi yɛl'kura yɛl'tɔɣa teeibu pahila bɛ waa maa wabu ni pɔi  ka dolodoloyisanima ti naanyi niŋgbuna ni bana19th century yuma nyaaŋa.Bɛ daa malila taabo shɛli din nyɛ( sumaumeira brava)  maandi lala nangbani bee niŋgbuŋ pɔbiri maa ka lahi zaŋ Shetani shifanima,ni kpiimba bee ban na nɛ( ka di ny

Makonde ninvuɣ'shɛba ban daa maandi binyahiri maa piligu ka yina Mozambique, amaa ka daa lahi nyɛ ban chaŋ ti be Tanzania maa,daa nyɛla ban saɣiti ni bɛ zaɣisi ninvuɣ'shɛba ban daa fari tinsi n- sura Mozambique puuni.  1959 yuma din gari maa piligu piligu  maa, Makonde niriba maa ban daa be Dar- es-Salaam daa sɔŋ n-nam bee n-kpuri nationalist Organization la( MANU) ka daa bɛ yuu ka lahi taɣi yuli Mozambique Liberation Front( FRELIMO).Makonde ninvuɣ'shɛba ban daa maandi binyahiri maa daa saɣiti ni sokam be o ya niŋda o yubu ka so di fa o su,lala zuɣu  bɛ daa laɣim mi n- gbaai ka lahi tɔhi liɣiri ka di nyɛla bɛ maand binyɛr'shɛŋa maa ka bɛ kɔhi ni nya bɛ   ni yɛn niŋ'shɛm ka sokam be o tiŋ ni ka fukumsi shɛli bi ʒi o zuɣu.Ayi chaŋ ti yuli tɛhi shɛli Makonde ninvuɣ'shɛba ban maandi binyahiri maa ni gbubi ka di nyɛla bɛ biɛh'kuri pun bala,Portuguese tiŋ'kpannima vihigu puuni yuuni 2020 din gari maa yɛliya* ni dini niŋ tɔm ni nira tooi wɔligi Makonde ninvu'shɛba ban maandi binyahiri maa ka di nyɛla ŋmaligibu ni bee mɔɣi ni, dikuli nyɛla lahabali din dii ka dihi t abili.

==Makonde ʒɛmani ŋɔ binyahiri maalibu biɛhigu   shee==

===Ujamaa or Tree of life===
Bɛ boli so Ujamaa bee Tree of life Roberto Yakobo Sangwani daa nyɛla ŋun zo o tiŋ'dɔɣiri yuli booni Mozambique  n chaŋ n-ti beTanzania  yuuni 1950 din garila.ŋuna n- daa nyɛ ŋun zaŋ Makonde binyahiri malibu balibu balibu din nyɛ tuuli bɛ daa mi Dimoongo,ka di gbunni nyɛ ' ya'karili la' bee 'nyɛvuli tia la'. Biɛh'shɛli ban maandi binyahiri maa ni daa gbubi piligu maa daa ŋmanila ninvuɣ'shɛba ban vari vali m-pu boŋ boŋ n-vari ni bɛ nya ŋun yɛn di nasara.lala daa kuli nyɛ li biɛla biɛla,ka ŋun kuli jɛndi li maa ti lee zuliyanimaa kpamba bee ninvuɣ'shɛba ban mali nangbannyini m-be tiŋa  maa nima bee bɛ daŋ maa ni.
===Shetani===
Shetani ni zaŋ di taabo m-maandi bee n- niɣindi binyahiri maa(ŋun nyɛ ninvuɣ'biɛɣu Swhili puuni ) nyɛla Makonde yɛltɔɣ'shɛŋa ŋan jɛndiri binyahiri malibu balibu .Bɛ tooi maandi lala binyahiri ŋɔ maa ka di biɛhigu chaŋ ti ŋmanila binnamda ŋan be dunnya yaaŋga zuɣu nindohi bee niŋgbun'gbana ni be shɛm,saha shɛli be ni,ka ŋa biɛhigu chaŋ n-ti ŋmanila binkɔbiri n-za bɛ    wuna zaani.A ni kuli yɛn zaŋ Shetani n-ŋmahindi binyɛr'shɛŋa di nyɛla dibaanu: Ninsala,binkɔbiri,zahim,nnoon'bila,ni kom ni bin'vuri.binyɛr'shɛŋa bɛ ni maandi mi shɛŋa mi ŋmanila manima biha bee ŋman'shɛŋa bɛ ni tooi zaŋ too kom n-ʒi.
===Binadamu===
Binadamu,di nyɛla naawuni namada bal'shɛli ,ka di talahi tali chaŋ ti pahi Makonde niriba tumtumsa ni nyɛ shɛli.bɛ tumtumsa shɛŋa ŋan ku yi polo n-nyɛ dabba nyuri shigaari ka paɣaba mi tumdi bɛ dundona ni tuma ni nyɛ shɛŋa.Portuguese niriba ŋɔ ka a yi kuli paaba yim, Makonde taabo zaŋ mali  binyahiri maa daa maa kuli tirila tooni tiŋ'duya ni.Niriba pam daa pa nyɛla ban punpu binyɛr'shɛŋa bɛ maandi maa n-doli Makonde dabba mini bɛ paɣaba dabisa biɛhigu ni nyɛ shɛli din yɛn che ka ninsalinima mali kɔrisi ni  ŋanima.
===Rites of passage===
Saha waɣila ha,Makonde   taabo zaŋ Mali binyahiri daa nyɛla daabiligu shɛli niriba daa niŋ zaɣa ni dina, daliri shɛli zuɣu mi bɛ ni daa niŋ zaɣa ni dina maa n- daa nyɛ bɛ ni daa mali ŋa bukaata zaŋ chaŋ bɛ zuɣu pinibu shee ni bɛ paɣ'kpuɣibo shee n-ti pahi bɛ kuya maalibu shee. Din daa kuli yi polo ka sokam mi n- daa nyɛ bɛ ni ti yɛn mali bidibiga shili o doo bibu ni ka di nyɛla bɛ yɛn  guni o mi.Bidibiga ŋɔ shili ŋɔ malibu piligu, bɛ yɛn wala wa'gahindili shɛli bɛ ni booni Mapiko la.lala waa ŋɔ piligu hali ni di naabu, niŋsim dibaata shɛŋa be ni ka bɛ niŋda :a ni nya ka so yi na n-wari  waa maa ka limsi o nina ka di nyɛla o leela kpiinyi n-varisiri tiŋ'maani nima maa,ka so mi Mashapilo bee ka o mi lee niŋ'vuɣu biɛɣu n-saɣindi bee n- niŋdi niriba chuuta zaŋ chaŋ bɛ daalaafee polo,bahigu a ni nachin'bili so bɛ ni maandi shili ni bɛ kpɛhi dabba ni maa mi ni zori doliba ni o ku zaɣ'yini kam.wa'wariba ayi ŋɔ zaa ban yi na tuuli ŋɔ zami n-ti niŋ'vuɣu biɛ'shɛba ban tu ni bidibiga maa nyaŋ pɔi ka naanyi lee ŋun bi doo.bɛ yi wa waa ŋɔ n-naai zaa,a ni nya ka bidibiga yi na ti deei o pini gahindili doo ŋun yuli booni mkukomela sani bee *Hammerer'' sani,ŋun nyɛ ŋun yuli ka binsheɣu kam n-niŋ maa.din deei yi kuli niŋ ka bɛ guni bɛ bidibiga maa n-naai zaa,o yi pa yɛn yila kpaŋa ka chenche niriba n-chaŋ ti be dabba mini bidibisi sani mahim shɛli puuni bɛ ni booni Likumbi.Bɛ ni lahi wuhi bidibisi ŋɔ bɛ ni yɛn niŋ shɛm ka bɛ gunibu yuma maa gari yom yom,domin di ni n- nyɛ doo ni mali shɛli biɛhigu puuni ka ni tooi nam zuliya.lala n-nyɛli bɛ ni wuhi ba bɛ ni tooi zaŋ bɛ niŋgbuna ŋɔ n gɔ tɔhigu shɛm mini bɛ ni tooi zaŋ li n-ko shɛm. Lala lahi nyɛli bɛ ni lahi wuhi ba bɛ ni tooi mali biɛh'suŋ ni bɛ ya nima shɛm.dabba ŋuna bɛ wuhiri ba la tuunsuma tumbu mini hal'suma malibu,dini tu ni nira tibigi niŋ kura shɛm ni dini tu ni bidibisi gbubi maŋa bi'puɣinsi laɣimbu laɣimbu polo.saha shɛli bidibisi gunibu yuma maa ni ti kuli naai,bɛ dii yɛn bɔla buɣum n-dabi bɛ ni boli bin'shɛli Likumbi maa ka bɛ labi n   -taɣi ba yu'pala.Bɛ yɛn zaŋla taabo shɛŋa bɛ ni zaŋ m-maandi binyahiri maa na saha shɛli bɛ ni yɛn mali bi'puɣinsi shili zaŋ chaŋ bɛ paɣ'tali bibu ni amaa ka di biɛhigu yi di ko ka chɛ dabba di ni.bi'puɣiŋa ŋun ŋuna bɛ pa yɛn niŋ o mi ka o pa lee paɣa ka di nyɛla bɛ deen'gahindili maa zuɣu ni wɔligi maŋa maa zuɣu,amaa bɛ zaŋ taabo zaŋ mali bin'shɛŋa maa zaa sa yɛn be ni mi din deei yi niŋ ka paɣa maa kuli doo.din deei yi kuli niŋ ka Makonde paɣa kuli doo,o yɛn ʒirila bɛ zaŋ taabo n-kpe ninsala maa n-ginda ka di nyɛmi ni o tooi kpuɣi puli yom yom.

## Kundivihira