Julian Abele

**Julian Francis Abele** (bɛ daa dɔɣi o la silimiin goli April biɛɣ'pihita dali yuuni 1881 ka daa kpi silimiin goli April biɛɣ'pishi ni ata dali yuuni 1950) daa nyɛla Black American architect so niriba pam ni mi ka daa lahi nyɛ "chief designer" zaŋ n-ti Horace Trumbauer ɔfisi. O nyɛla ŋun daa sɔŋ ka bɛ pɛnti ka dihi duri din kalinli gari kɔbisinahi nachinsi, di shɛŋa nyɛ nyɛ Widener Memorial Library ka di be Harvard University (1912–15), Philadelphia's 
Central Library (1917–27), n-ti pahi Philadelphia Museum of Art (1914–28). Ŋun daa nyɛ ŋun dihiri Duke University nachinsi (1924–54).

Abele's sɔŋsim ni Trumbauer nyɛla din bara amaa ka duu shɛli o koŋko ni daa jandi niŋ nyɛ Trumbauer's Duke University Chapel. Din daa niŋ ka Trumbauer's daa kpi yuuni 1938, o nyɛla ŋun daa tabi sɔŋ gbubi Duke ka daa niŋ Allen Administrative Building mini Cameron Indoor Stadium.

## Shikuru baŋsim

Abele nyɛla ŋun chaŋ Quaker-run Institute for Colored Youth, lala shikuru ŋɔ ka bɛ pa mi Cheyney University, o daa bɔhim la laasabu malibu ni. Yuuni 1898, o daa naai yuma ayi "architectural drawing" bɔhimbu Pennsylvania Museum School of Industrial Art (PMSIA, saha bɛ booni li la University of the Arts).

## Maŋmaŋ biɛhigu
Yuuni 1925, o yuun pihinahi ni anahi saha, o daa niŋ la Marguerite Bulle amiliya. Bɛ nyɛla ban mali bihi ata: Julian Abele, Jr., Marguerite Marie Abele (nyɛla ŋun daa kpi) n-ti pahi Nadia Boulanger Abele.  Marguerite nyɛla ŋun daa che o yuuni 1936 ka daa leei common-law wife zaŋ n-ti Jozef Kowalewski ka bɛ gba nyɛ ban mali bihi ata. Pirinla Abele daa na ʒin mali niya ni o che o paɣa ŋɔ zuɣu, Kowalewski bihi nyɛla ban daa be o yiŋ.

O nyɛla ŋun daa kpi ni sapuɣu duro Philadelphia yuuni 1950, ka bɛ daa simsi o Eden Cemetery din be Collingdale, Pennsylvania.

## Legacy
*Allen Administration Building at Duke University din nyɛ o ni daa niŋ shɛli nyɛla bɛ ni daa naai shɛli o kpibu nyaaŋa yuuni 1950.
*Yuuni 1988, Duke University nyɛla ban daa miɛ Abele zali Allen Building. Din daa nyɛ tuuli  African-American ninvuɣ so bɛ ni miɛ.
*Silimiin goli August biɛɣ'pinaayopɔin dali yuuni 2012, bɛ daa piligi tani tuma Julian Abele Park, 22nd & Carpenter Streets din bePhiladelphia.	
*Architectural taarihilana Dreck Spurlock Wilson  wuuhiya ni bɛ na laɣindi la Abele taarihinima.

### Gallery

File:Abele T-Square Club Catalogue 1915 p.14.jpg|*Gothic House, Tours, France* (1915), sketch by Abele
File:Philadelphia-stairs.jpg|Rocky Steps and terraces at the Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia (1928)
File:Duke Chapel 4 16 05.jpg|Duke University Chapel, Durham, North Carolina (1932)
File:Cameron indoor.jpg|Cameron Indoor Stadium, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (1940)
File:Krzyzewskiville lawn2.jpg|Krzyzewskiville Lawn, Cameron Indoor Stadium, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
File:AllenBuilding.jpg|Allen Administrative Building, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (1954)


## Lihimi m-pahi
* List of Cheyney University of Pennsylvania alumni

## Kundivihira

### Further reading
* Doyle, Rachel B., "Meet the black architect who designed Duke University 37 years before he could have attended it" ,*Curbed*, December 6, 2017
* Magaziner, Henry J., *As I Remember Julian Abele*, (unpublished typescript, biography file, Athenaeum of Philadelphia). The author was the son of Abele's friend Louis Magaziner.
* Maher, James T., *The Twilight of Splendor; Chronicles of the Age of American Palaces*, (Boston: Little, Brown, 1975).
* Tifft, Susan E., "Out of the Shadows: After decades of obscurity, African-American architect Julian Abele is finally getting recognition for his contributions to some of 20th-century America's most prestigious buildings" , *Smithsonian Magazine*, February 2005.
* Wilson, Dreck Spurlock, *African American Architects: A Biographical Dictionary, 1865-1945*, (London: Routledge-Taylor & Francis Books, 2004).
* Wilson, Dreck Spurlock, "Julian Abele, Architect and the Beaux Arts", (London: Routledge-Taylor & Francis Books, 2019).

## External links

*
*
*Julian Abele: Hidden in the Shadows  — *Duke University Historical Note, University Archives*.
*Julian Abele  — *at the Pennsylvania Museum School of Industrial Art*.
*The Winterthur Library  — *Overview of an archival collection featuring Julian Abele*.
*Julian Abele, Architect and the Beaux Arts  — *Information on architect Julian Abele, including Building and Artwork Galleries*.