Hecate

Duwies mewn crefydd a mytholeg Groeg hynafol yw **Hecate** (Hen Roeg: Ἑκάτη). Dangosir hi'n aml yn dal pâr o ffaglau, allwedd, neu nadroedd, neu yng nghwmni cŵn, ac mewn cyfnodau diweddarach, mae'n cael ei darlunio fel un â thair ffurf neu dri chorff. Mae hi'n gysylltiedig â chroesffyrdd, y nos, y golau, hud, dewiniaeth, cyffuriau, a'r Lleuad. Ei hymddangosiad cynharaf mewn llenyddiaeth oedd yn *Theogony* gan Hesiod yn yr 8fed ganrif CC fel duwies o anrhydedd mawr gyda pharthau yn yr awyr, y ddaear, a'r môr. Roedd ganddi ddilynwyr poblogaidd ymhlith gwrachod Thessalia, a chysegr pwysig ymhlith Cariaid Asia Leiaf yn Lagina. Daw'r dystiolaeth gynharaf ar gyfer cwlt Hecate o Selinunte, yn Sisili.

Roedd Hecate yn un o nifer o dduwiau a duwiesau a addolwyd yn Athens hynafol fel amddiffynnwr yr *oikos* (y tŷ), ynghyd â Zews, Hestia, Hermes, ac Apollo. Yn ôl y Chaldean Oracles (2il–3ydd ganrif OC) Hecate oedd â rhyw reolaeth dros y ddaear, y môr, a'r awyr, ynghyd â bod yn Iachawdwr (Soteira), Mam Angylion a'r Enaid Byd Cosmig (Anima Mundi). Parthed natur ei chwlt, yn ôl rhai, ''"mae hi'n fwy cyffyrddus ar y cyrion nag yng nghanol amldduwiaeth Roegaidd. Yn gynhenid ​​​​amwys a pholymorffaidd, mae hi'n croesi ffiniau confensiynol ac yn osgoi diffiniad."*

Roedd y Rhufeiniaid yn ei galw yn ***Trivia**'', enw arall sydd hefyd ar Diana, y ddwy yn amddiffynwyr teithio a'r croesffyrdd (trivia, "tair ffordd"). Cysylltir Hecate â Diana ac Artemis yng nghyfnod Rhufain.

## Achau 
## Nodiadau 
## Cyfeiriadau 
## Ffynonellau 
### Ffynonellau cynradd 
* Apollonius Rhodius, *Argonautica, with an English translation by R. C. Seaton*. Loeb Classical Library 1. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1912.
* Hesiod, *Theogony*, in *The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White*, Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Ovid, *Metamorphoses, translated by Brookes More (1859-1942)*, from the Cornhill edition of 1922. 
* Pausanias, *Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes.* Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Strabo, *The Geography of Strabo.* Edition by H.L. Jones. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.

### Ffynonellau eilaidd 
* Athanassakis, Apostolos N., and Benjamin M. Wolkow, *The Orphic Hymns*, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013. . Google Books.
* Berg, William, "Hecate: Greek or "Anatolian"?", *Numen* 21.2 (August 1974:128-40)
* 
* Bevan, Elinor, *Representations of Animals in Sanctuaries of Artemis and other Olympian Deities: Part i*, Oxford, BAR Publishing, 1986. .
* Burkert, Walter, 1985. *Greek Religion* (Cambridge: Harvard University Press) Published in the UK as *Greek Religion: Archaic and Classical*, 1987. (Oxford: Blackwell) .
* de’Este, Sorita. Circle for Hekate: volume 1. 1910191078
* Farnell, Lewis Richard, (1896). "Hekate: Representations in Art", *The Cults of the Greek States*. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
* Fowler, R. L. (2013), *Early Greek Mythography: Volume 2: Commentary*, Oxford University Press, 2013. .
* Gantz, Timothy, *Early Greek Myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources*, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996, Two volumes:  (Vol. 1),  (Vol. 2).
* Green, C. M. C., *Roman Religion and the Cult of Diana at Aricia*, Cambridge University Press, University of Iowa, 2007, . Online text available at Google books.
* Hard, Robin (2004), ''The Routledge Handbook of Greek Mythology: Based on H.J. Rose's "Handbook of Greek Mythology"*, Psychology Press, 2004, . Google Books.
* Henrichs, A., s.v. Hecate, published online 22 Rhagfyr 2015, in the *Oxford Classical Dictionary*, edited by Tim Whitmarsh, digital ed, New York, Oxford University Press. .
* Johnston, Sarah Iles (1990), *Hekate Soteira: A Study of Hekate's Role in the Chaldean Oracles and Related Literature*.
* Johnston, Sarah Iles (1999), *Restless Dead: Encounters Between the Living and the Dead in Ancient Greece*. 
* Johnston, Sarah Iles (2006), s.v. Hecate, in *Brill’s New Pauly Online*, Antiquity volumes edited by: Hubert Cancik and, Helmuth Schneider, English Edition by: Christine F. Salazar, Classical Tradition volumes edited by: Manfred Landfester, English Edition by: Francis G. Gentry, published online: 2006.
* Kerenyi, Karl. *The Gods of the Greeks*. 1951.
* Kern, Otto. *Orphicorum Fragmenta*, Berlin, 1922. Internet Archive
* Lilja, Saara, *Dogs in Ancient Greek Poetry*, Helsinki, Societas Scientiarum Fennica, 1976. .
* Mallarmé, Stéphane, (1880). *Les Dieux Antiques, nouvelle mythologie illustrée*.
* Mooney, Carol M., *Hekate: Her Role and Character in Greek Literature from before the Fifth Century B.C.*, a thesis submitted to the faculty of graduate studies, McMaster University, 1971.
* Rabinovich, Yakov. *The Rotting Goddess*. 1990.
* Richardson, N. J., *The Homeric Hymn to Demeter*, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1974. .
* Ruickbie, Leo. *Witchcraft Out of the Shadows: A Complete History*. Robert Hale, 2004.
*
* Seyffert, Oskar, *A Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, Mythology, Religion, Literature and Art*, from the German of Dr. Oskar Seyffert, S. Sonnenschein, 1901.
* *The Classical Review*, volume IX, 1985, Library of Illinois.
* Vian, Francis, *Les Argonautiques orphiques*, *Collection Budé*, Paris, Les Belles Lettres, 2003. .
* Von Rudloff, Robert. *Hekate in Ancient Greek Religion*. Horned Owl Publishing (July 1999)

## Dolenni allanol 
* Myths of the Greek Goddess Hecate
* *Encyclopædia Britannica* 1911: "Hecate"
* *The Rotting Goddess'' by Yakov Rabinovich, complete book included in the anthology "Junkyard of the Classics" published under the pseudonym Ellipsis Marx.
* Theoi Project, Hecate Classical literary sources and art
* Hekate in Greek esotericism : Ptolemaic and Gnostic transformations of Hecate
* Cast of the Crannon statue, at the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford.
* Hecate from Mythopedia
* Ancient texts on Hecate, from Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database.

Categori:Duwiesau
Categori:Duwiau a duwiesau Groeg
Categori:Duwiesau'r lleuad