Ehidna

**Ehidna**  (, "zmija") u grčkoj mitologiji bila je čudovište, polu-žena, polu-zmija, koja je živjela sama u pećini. Bila je partnerka strašnog čudovišta Tifona i majka mnogih najpoznatijih čudovišta iz grčkih mitova.

## Genealogija 
Ehidnino porodično stablo varira u zavisnosti od autora. Najstarija genealogija koja se odnosi na Ehidnu, Hesiodova *Teogonija* (oko 8. – 7. vijeka p. n. e), nejasna je u nekoliko tačaka. Prema Hesiodu, Ehidna je rođena od "žene" koju je Hesiod vjerovatno smatrao boginjom mora Keta, što Ehidninog vjerovatnog oca čini bogom mora Forkom; međutim, "ona" bi se umjesto toga mogla odnositi na Okeanidu Kaliroju, što bi Meduzinog potomka Hrisaora učinilo Ehidninim ocem. Mitograf Ferekid iz Atine (5. vijek p. n. e) navodi Ehidnu kao kćerku Forka, bez imenovanja majke.

Drugi autori navode Ehidni druge roditelje. Prema geografu Pauzaniji (2. vijek n. e), Epimenid (7. ili 6. vijek p. n. e.)navodio je Ehidnu kao kćerku Okeanide Stiks (boginje rijeke Stiks) i nekog Pejra (inače nepoznatog Pauzaniji), dok je prema mitografu Apolodoru (1. ili 2. vijek n. e), Ehidna bila kćerka Tartara i Geje. U jednom izvještaju, iz orfičke tradicije, Ehidna je bila kćerka Fana (orfičkog oca svih bogova).

## Opis 
Hesiodova Ehidna bila je pola prelijepa djevojka, a pola strašna zmija. Hesiod je opisao "božicu žestoku Ehidnu" kao "neodoljivo čudovište" koje jede meso, a nije bila ni nalik "smrtnicima" ni "vječnim bogovima", već je bila "pola nimfa sa sjajnim očima i lijepim obrazima, a pola ogromna zmija, velika i strašna, sa pjegavom kožom", koja "ne umire niti stari sve svoje dane". Hesiodova očigledna povezanost jedenja sirovog mesa sa Ehidninom zmijom sugeriše da je možda pretpostavio da Ehidnina zmijska polovina završava zmijskom glavom. Aristofan (kraj 5. vijeka p. n. e), koji je čini stanovnicom podzemlja, daje Ehidni stotinu glava (vjerovatno zmijskih glava), što odgovara stotinu zmijskih glava za koje Hesiod kaže da ih je imao njen partner Tifon.

U orfičkom izvještaju (spomenutom gore), Ehidna je opisana kao osoba s glavom prelijepe žene s dugom kosom i zmijskim tijelom od vrata nadolje. Non, u svom djelu Dionizijaci, opisuje Ehidnu kao "odvratnu" sa "strašnim otrovom".

## Reference 
## Dodatna literatura 
* Aeschylus (?), *Prometheus Bound* in *Aeschylus, with an English translation by Herbert Weir Smyth, Ph. D. in two volumes.* Vol 2. Cambridge, Massachusetts. Harvard University Press. 1926. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Apolodor, *Apollodorus, The Library, with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes.* Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. . Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Apollonius of Rhodes, *Apollonius Rhodius: the Argonautica*, translated by Robert Cooper Seaton, W. Heinemann, 1912. Internet Archive
* Aristophanes, *Frogs*, Matthew Dillon, Ed., Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, 1995. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Athanassakis, Apostolos N, *Hesiod: Theogony, Works and days, Shield*, JHU Press, 2004. .
* Bacchylides, *Odes*, translated by Diane Arnson Svarlien. 1991. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Athenagoras, *Apology*, Rev. B. P. Pratten translator, in *Ante-Nicene Christian Library: Translations of the Writings of the Fathers Down to A.D. 325, Vol. II Justin Martyr and Athenagoras*, Edinburgh, T. and T. Clark, 38 George Street, 1870.
* Bovon, Fraçois, Christopher R. Matthews, *The* Acts of Philip: *A New Translation*, Baylor University Press, 2012. .
* Caldwell, Richard, ''Hesiod's Theogony*, Focus Publishing/R. Pullins Company (June 1, 1987). .
* Campbell, David A., *Greek Lyric III: Stesichorus, Ibycus, Simonides, and Others*, Harvard University Press, 1991. .
* Clay, Jenny Strauss, *Hesiod's Cosmos*,  Cambridge University Press, 2003. .
* Diodorus Siculus, *Diodorus Siculus: The Library of History*. Translated by C. H. Oldfather. Twelve volumes. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989.
* Euripides, *The Phoenician Women*, translated by E. P. Coleridge in *The Complete Greek Drama'', edited by Whitney J. Oates and Eugene O'Neill Jr. Volume 2. New York. Random House. 1938.
* Fontenrose, Joseph Eddy, *Python: A Study of Delphic Myth and Its Origins*, University of California Press, 1959. .
* Fowler, R. L. (2000), *Early Greek Mythography: Volume 1: Text and Introduction*, Oxford University Press, 2000. .
* Fowler, R. L. (2013), *Early Greek Mythography: Volume 2: Commentary*, Oxford University Press, 2013. .
* Freeman, Kathleen, *Ancilla to the Pre-Socratic Philosophers: A Complete Translation of the Fragments in Diels, Fragmente Der Vorsokratiker*, Harvard University Press, 1983. .
* Gantz, Timothy, *Early Greek Myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources*, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996, Two volumes:  (Vol. 1),  (Vol. 2).
* Gardner, Ernest Arthur, *A Handbook of Greek Sculpture*, Macmillan and Co,. Limited, London, 1911.
* Graves, Robert, *The Greek Myths: The Complete and Definitive Edition.* Penguin Books Limited. 2017. 
* Grimal, Pierre, *The Dictionary of Classical Mythology*, Wiley-Blackwell, 1996, .
* Herodotus; *Histories*, A. D. Godley (translator), Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1920; . Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Hesiod, *Theogony*, in *The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White*, Cambridge, Massachusetts., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Homer, *The Iliad with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, Ph.D. in two volumes*, Cambridge, Massachusetts., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924.
* *Homeric Hymn to Apollo (3)*, in *The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White*, Cambridge, Massachusetts., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Hošek, Radislav, "Echidna" in *Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae (LIMC)* III.1. Artemis Verlag, Zürich and Munich, 1986. .
* Hyginus, Gaius Julius, *The Myths of Hyginus*. Edited and translated by Mary A. Grant, Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1960.
* Kern, Otto. *Orphicorum fragmenta*, Berlin, 1922. Internet Archive
* Kirk, G. S., J. E. Raven, M. Schofield, *The Presocratic Philosophers: A Critical History with a Selection of Texts*, Cambridge University Press, Dec 29, 1983. .
* Lane Fox, Robin, *Travelling Heroes: In the Epic Age of Homer*, Vintage Books, 2010. .
* Lycophron, *Alexandra* (or *Cassandra*) in *Callimachus and Lycophron with an English translation by A. W. Mair; Aratus, with an English translation by G. R. Mair*, London: W. Heinemann, New York: G. P. Putnam 1921. Internet Archive
* Lyne, R. O. A. M., *Ciris: A Poem Attributed to Vergil*, Cambridge University Press, 2004. .
* Meisner, Dwayne A., *Orphic Tradition and the Birth of the Gods*, Oxford University Press, 2018. .
* Morford, Mark P. O., Robert J. Lenardon, *Classical Mythology*, Eighth Edition, Oxford University Press, 2007. .
* Most, G.W. (2018a), *Hesiod, Theogony, Works and Days, Testimonia,* Edited and translated by Glenn W. Most, Loeb Classical Library No. 57, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 2018. . Online version at Harvard University Press.
* Most, G.W. (2018b), *Hesiod: The Shield, Catalogue of Women, Other Fragments*, Loeb Classical Library, No. 503, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 2007, 2018. . Online version at Harvard University Press.
* Nonnus, *Dionysiaca*; translated by Rouse, W H D, I Books I&ndash;XV. Loeb Classical Library No. 344, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1940. Internet Archive
* Ogden, Daniel (2013a), *Drakon: Dragon Myth and Serpent Cult in the Greek and Roman Worlds*, Oxford University Press, 2013. .
* Ogden, Daniel (2013b), *Dragons, Serpents, and Slayers in the Classical and early Christian Worlds: A sourcebook*, Oxford University Press. .
* Ovid, *Metamorphoses*, Brookes More. Boston. Cornhill Publishing Co. 1922. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Pausanias, *Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes.* Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Pindar, *Odes*, Diane Arnson Svarlien. 1990. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Quintus Smyrnaeus, *Quintus Smyrnaeus: The Fall of Troy*, Translator: A.S. Way; Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA, 1913. Internet Archive
* Race, William H., *Nemean Odes. Isthmian Odes. Fragments*, Edited and translated by William H. Race. Loeb Classical Library 485. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1997, revised 2012. . Online version at Harvard University Press.
* Robert, Louis, "Documents d'Asie Mineure", *Bulletin de correspondance hellénique*. Volume **106**, 1982. pp.&nbsp;309&ndash;378.
* Rose, Herbert Jennings, "Echidna" in  *The Oxford Classical Dictionary*, Hammond and Scullard (editors), Second Edition, Oxford University Press, 1992. 
* Smith, William, *Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology*, London (1873).
* Strabo, *Geography*, translated by Horace Leonard Jones; Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. (1924). LacusCurtis, Books 6&ndash;14, at the Perseus Digital Library
* Sophocles, *Women of Trachis*, Translated by Robert Torrance. Houghton Mifflin. 1966. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Taylor, Thomas (1806), *Collectanea; or, collections, consisting of miscellanies inserted by Thomas Taylor in the European and Monthly Magazines. With an appendix, containing some hymns by the same author never before printed*.
* Taylor, Thomas (1824), *The Mystical Hymns of Orpheus: Translated from the Greek, and Demonstrated to be the Invocations which Were Used in the Eleusinian Mysteries*, C. Whittingham.
* Trypanis, C. A., Gelzer, Thomas; Whitman, Cedric, *CALLIMACHUS, MUSAEUS, Aetia, Iambi, Hecale and Other Fragments. Hero and Leander*, Harvard University Press, 1975. .
* Tzetzes, *Chiliades*, editor Gottlieb Kiessling, F.C.G. Vogel, 1826. (English translation, Books II&ndash;IV, by Gary Berkowitz. Internet Archive).
* Valerius Flaccus, Gaius, *Argonautica*, translated by J. H. Mozley, Loeb Classical Library Volume 286. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1928.
* van den Broek, R., *Studies in Gnosticism and Alexandrian Christianity*, BRILL, 1996. .
* West, M. L. (1966), *Hesiod: Theogony*, Oxford University Press.
* West, M. L. (1997), *The East Face of Helicon: West Asiatic Elements in Greek Poetry and Myth*, Oxford University Press. .

Kategorija:Grčka mitologija
*