Buckminster Fuller

mini|Buckminster Fuller (1972)

**Richard Buckminster "Bucky" Fuller** (rođen 12. jula 1895. u Miltonu, Massachusetts, SAD; umro 1. jula 1983. u Los Angelesu) je bio američki arhitekta, dizajner, filozof i pisac.
Napisao je dvadeset i osam knjiga, u kojima je iznosio svoje ideje i poglede na svijet. Bio je zaokupljen egzistencijalnim pitanjima i načinima poboljšanja kvaliteta života. Mnogo je puta proputovao svijet i održao brojna predavanja. Njegovi izumi s područja arhitekture i dizajna, često su bili ispred svoga vremena. Poznata je njegova geodetska kupola - rešetkasta školjkasta struktura (vidi sliku, desno). mini|desno|125px|Geodetska kupola.

Njegov uticaj je bio veliki na brojne ljude. Između ostalih, osobe na koje je uticao su: Constance Abernathy, Ruth Asawa, J. Baldwin, Michael Ben-Eli, Pierre Cabrol, Joseph Clinton, Peter Floyd, Medard Gabel, Michael Hays, David Johnston, Robert Kiyosaki, Peter Pearce, Shoji Sadao, Edwin Schlossberg, Kenneth Snelson, i Robert Anton Wilson.

Alotrop ugljenika, fulleren— i posebno molekula alotropa C60 (buckminsterfuleren ili buckyball) je imenovan po njemu. Molekula Buckminsterfulerena, koja se sastoji od 60 ugljikovih atoma, veoma vjerno nalikuje sferičnoj verziji Fuller-ove geodetske kupole. Godine 1996. Nobelova nagrada za hemiju je dodijeljena naučnicima Kroto-u, Curl-u, i Smalley-u, za njihovo otkriće fullerena.

## Bibliografija 
* 4d Timelock (1928)
* Nine Chains to the Moon (1938)
* Untitled Epic Poem on the History of Industrialization (1962)
* Ideas and Integrities, a Spontaneous Autobiographical Disclosure (1963) 
* No More Secondhand God and Other Writings (1963)
* Education Automation: Freeing the Scholar to Return (1963)
* What I Have Learned: A Collection of 20 Autobiograhical Essays, Chapter "How Little I Know", (1968)
* Operating Manual for Spaceship Earth (1969) 
* Utopia or Oblivion (1969) 
* Approaching the Benign Environment (1970)  (with Eric A. Walker and James R. Killian, Jr.)
* I Seem to Be a Verb (1970) coauthors Jerome Agel, Quentin Fiore, 
* Intuition (1970)
* Buckminster Fuller to Children of Earth (1972) compiled and photographed by Cam Smith, 
* The Dymaxion World of Buckminster Fuller (1960, 1973) coauthor Robert Marks, 
* Earth, Inc (1973) 
* Synergetics: Explorations in the Geometry of Thinking (1975) in collaboration with E.J. Applewhite with a preface and contribution by Arthur L. Loeb, 
* Tetrascroll: Goldilocks and the Three Bears, A Cosmic Fairy Tale (1975)
* And It Came to Pass — Not to Stay (1976) 
* R. Buckminster Fuller on Education (1979) 
* Synergetics 2: Further Explorations in the Geometry of Thinking (1979) in collaboration with E.J. Applewhite
* Buckminster Fuller Sketchbook (1981)
* Critical Path (1981) 
* Grunch of Giants (1983) 
* Humans in Universe (1983) coauthor Anwar Dil, 
* Cosmography: A Posthumous Scenario for the Future of Humanity (1992) coauthor Kiyoshi Kuromiya, 

## Reference sa en wiki 
# Encyclopædia Britannica. (2007). "Fuller, R Buckminster". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. http://www.britannica.com/ebc/article-9365050. pristup od: April 20, 2007. 
# Serebriakoff, Victor. "The Odd Way Mensa Began". Western Pennsylvania Mensa. https://web.archive.org/web/20071023004925/http://wheel.dcn.davis.ca.us/~sander/mensa/serebr1.html. Retrieved 2007-11-07
# Pawley, Martin (1991). Buckminster Fuller. New York: Taplinger. . 
# R. Buckminster Fuller, Your Private Sky, Page 27
# Design – A Three-Wheel Dream That Died at Takeoff – Buckminster Fuller and the Dymaxion Car – NYTimes.com
# John Haber. "Before Buckyballs". 
# Lloyd Steven Sieden. Buckminster Fuller's Universe: His Life and Work (pp.&nbsp;74, 119-142). New York: Perseus Books Group, 2000. . p.&nbsp;74: "Although O'Neill soon became well known as a major American playwright, it was Romany Marie who would significantly influence Bucky, becoming his close friend and confidante during the most difficult years of his life."
# John Haskell. "Buckminster Fuller and Isamu Noguchi". Kraine Gallery Bar Lit, Fall 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20080513065703/http://www.kgbbar.com/lit/features/buckminster_ful.html. 
# Robert Schulman. Romany Marie: The Queen of Greenwich Village (pp.&nbsp;85–86, 109–110). Louisville: Butler Books, 2006. .
# "Interview with Isamu Noguchi". Conducted November 7, 1973 by Paul Cummings at Noguchi's studio in Long Island City, Queens. Smithsonian Archives of American Art. http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/oralhistories/tranSCRIPTs/noguch73.htm. 
# Michael John Gorman (updated March 12, 2002). "Passenger Files: Isamu Noguchi, 1904–1988". Towards a cultural history of Buckminster Fuller's Dymaxion Car. Stanford Humanities Lab. https://web.archive.org/web/20070613214749/http://hotgates.stanford.edu/Bucky/dymaxion/noguchi.htm.  Includes several images.
# "IDEAS + INVENTIONS: Buckminster Fuller and Black Mountain College". Black Mountain College Museum and Arts Center Exhibit. July 15, 2005 – November 26, 2005. http://blackmountaincollege.org/content/view/45/60/ . 
# Partial list of Fuller U.S. patents
# "Book of Members, 1780-2010: Chapter F". American Academy of Arts and Sciences. http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterF.pdf . Retrieved 7 April 2011. 
#Arthur Buckminster Fuller
# Buckminster Fuller: Designer of a New World
# Brand, Stewart (1999). The Clock of the Long Now. New York: Basic. . 
# Fuller, R. Buckminster (1969). Operating Manual for Spaceship Earth. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press. . 
# Fuller, R. Buckminster; Applewhite, E. J. (1975). Synergetics. New York: Macmillan. . 
# Fuller, R. Buckminster (1981). Critical Path. New York: St. Martin's Press. xxxiv-xxxv. . 
# https://web.archive.org/web/20120308072450/http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventors/fuller.htm
# http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hYtQ_-rpAUo&feature=related
# The Economist. http://www.economist.com/debate/days/view/159. 
# Fuller, R. Buckminster (1981). "Introduction". Critical Path (First ed.). New York, N.Y.: St.Martin's Press. xxv. . ""It no longer has to be you or me. Selfishness is unnecessary and hence-forth unrationalizable as mandated by survival. War is obsolete." 
# Fuller, R. Buckminster (2008). Jaime Snyder. ed. Utopia or oblivion: the prospects for humanity. Baden, Switzerland: Lars Müller Publishers. . 
# Edmondson, Amy, "A Fuller Explanation", Birkhauser, Boston, 1987, p19 tetrahedra, p110 octet truss
# Geodesic Domes and Charts of the Heavens
# The R. Buckminster Fuller FAQ: Geodesic Domes
# National Automobile Museum
# "The 50 Worst Cars of All Time"
#Annals of Innovation: Dymaxion Man: Reporting & Essays: The New Yorker
# Fuller, Buckminster (1969). Operating Manual for Spaceship Earth. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press. . 
# [The Wristwatch For A Drummer: http://www.peteatkin.com/c4.htm]
# "Science: Dymaxion Sleep". Time. October 11, 1943. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,774680,00.html . Retrieved April 27, 2010. 
# razgovori Buckminster Fuller-a
# http://www-sul.stanford.edu//depts/spc/fuller/about.html
# http://www.bfi.org/
# https://web.archive.org/web/20061008091220/http://www.poliedrodecaracas.gob.ve/index.php
# Poliedro de Caracas - Sightseeing with Google Satellite Maps
# https://web.archive.org/web/20010903234045/http://cityguides.salsaweb.com/belgium/reports/2001/20010120venezuelatravel/venezimages/caracas04.jpg
# 2theadvocate.com News | Kansas City Southern razes geodesic dome — Baton Rouge, LA - The Eden Project
# "How Little I Know" from And It Came to Pass - Not to Stay Macmillan, 1976
# Intuition (1972).
# Critical Path,
# Synergetics, 
# "Selected Quotes". http://www.cjfearnley.com/cgi-bin/cjf-fortunes.pl?srchstr=Fuller&name=Submit .  090810 cjfearnley.com
# Salsbury, Patrick G. (2000) "Comprehensive Anticipatory Design Science; An Introduction" Miqel.com
# "Eight Strategies for Comprehensive Anticipatory Design Science" Buckminster Fuller Institute
# thirteen.org website Helped organize Fuller's papers Retrieved December 29, 2010
# Thomas T. K. Zung, Buckminster Fuller: Anthology for a New Millennium Retrieved December 29, 2010
# Buckyworks Retrieved December 29, 2010
# Buckworks Retrieved December 29, 2010
# Makovsky, Paul; Lanks, Belinda and Pedersen, Martin C. (July 2008) "The Fuller Effect" Metropolis (Magazine, New York) 28(1): pp.&nbsp;106–111
# Noland, Carol (November 1, 2009) "Pierre Cabrol dies at 84; architect was lead designer of Hollywood's Cinerama Dome" Los Angeles Times, archived here at WebCite
# Buckminster Fuller Prize challenge Retrieved December 29, 2010
# Thomas T. K. Zung, Buckminster Fuller: Anthology for a New Millennium Retrieved December 29, 2010
#About David Johnston Retrieved December 29, 2010
# Kiyosaki, Robert. Rich Dad's Conspiracy of the Rich: The 8 New Rules of Money, pp.&nbsp;3–4. Business Plus, 2009. 
# Whitney Museum of American Art exhibition, Retrieved December 29, 2010
# Hi Times May 1981, Robert Anton Wilson interviews Buckminster Fuller Retrieved December 29, 2010
# Chemistry 1996
# Buckminster Fuller: Starting with the Universe
# "Chicago's MCA to show Buckminster Fuller ~ Starting with the Universe". Art Knowledge News. 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20100407000421/http://www.artknowledgenews.com/R_Buckminster_Fuller_Starting_with_the_Universe.html. Retrieved 2011-08-08.

## Dodatna literatura 
* Applewhite, E. J. Cosmic Fishing: An account of writing Synergetics with Buckminster Fuller. 1977 ()
* Applewhite, E. J., ed. Synergetics Dictionary, The Mind Of Buckminster Fuller; in four volumes. Garland Publishing, Inc. New York and London. 1986 ()
* Chu, Hsiao-Yun. "Fuller's Laboratory Notebook." Collections, Volume 4 Issue 4 Fall 2008 (Lanham, MD: Altamira Press), 295-306.
* Chu, Hsiao-Yun and Roberto Trujillo. New Views on R. Buckminster Fuller.(Stanford, CA; Stanford University Press, 2009) 
* Eastham, Scott: American Dreamer. Bucky Fuller and the Sacred Geometry of Nature; The Lutterworth Press 2007, Cambridge; 
* Edmondson, Amy: "A Fuller Explanation"; EmergentWorld LLC. 2007 ()
* Hatch, Alden Buckminster Fuller At Home In The Universe. 1974 () Crown Publishers, New York.
* Hoogenboom, Olive (1999). "Fuller, R. Buckminster". American National Biography. 8. New York: Oxford University Press. pp.&nbsp;559–562. 
* Kenner, Hugh. Bucky: a guided tour of Buckminster Fuller. 1973 ()
* Krausse, Joachim and Lichtenstein, Claude. ed. Your Private Sky, R. Buckminster Fuller: The Art Of Design Science. Lars Mueller Publishers. 1999 ()
* McHale, John. R. Buckminster Fuller. George Brazillier, Inc., New York. hardback. 1962.
* Pawley, Martin. Buckminster Fuller. Taplinger Publishing Company, New York. 1991. hardcover ()
* Potter, R. Robert. Buckminster Fuller (Pioneers in Change Series). Silver Burdett Publishers. 1990 ()
* Robertson, Donald. Mind's Eye Of Buckminster Fuller. 1974 () Vantage Press, Inc., New York.
* Sieden, Lloyd. Buckminster Fuller's Universe, His Life and Work. 1989 (), explores Fuller's personal life, his beliefs and drives.
* Snyder, Robert. Buckminster Fuller: An Autobiographical Monologue/Scenario. St. Martin's Press, New York. hardback. 1980 ()
* Sterngold, James. "The Love Song of R. Buckminster Fuller." The New York Times [Arts Section], June 15, 2008.
* Ward, James, ed., The Artifacts Of R. Buckminster Fuller, A Comprehensive Collection of His Designs and Drawings in Four Volumes: Volume One. The Dymaxion Experiment, 1926–1943; Volume Two. Dymaxion Deployment, 1927–1946; Volume Three. The Geodesic Revolution, Part 1, 1947–1959; Volume Four. The Geodesic Revolution, Part 2, 1960-1983: Edited with descriptions by James Ward. Garland Publishing, New York. 1984 ( vol. 1,  vol. 2,  vol. 3,  vol. 4)
* Wong, Yunn Chii, The Geodesic Works of Richard Buckminster Fuller, 1948-1968 (The Universe as a Home of Man), PhD thesis, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 1999.
* Wühr, Paul, Das falsche Buch. (Fuller appears as a character in this book.)
* Zung, T.K. Thomas. Buckminster Fuller: Anthology for a New Millennium. St. Martin's Press. 2001 ()

## Reference 
Kategorija:Rođeni 1895.
Kategorija:Umrli 1983.
Kategorija:Američki arhitekti
Kategorija:Američki filozofi
Kategorija:Američki pisci
Kategorija:Nanotehnologija
Kategorija:Biografije, Milton (Massachusetts)