হিবিস্কাস

***হিবিস্কাস*** () হচ্ছে সপুষ্পক উদ্ভিদের মালভেসি পরিবারের একটি গণের নাম। এই গণে কয়েকশত প্রজাতির গাছ রয়েছে। এদের কয়েকটি পরিচিত বাংলা নাম হচ্ছে রক্তজবা, জবা, ঝুমকা জবা, জবা কুসুম ইত্যাদি উল্লেখযোগ্য। বর্তমানে অনেক ধরনের সংকর প্রজাতির (হাইব্রীড) জবা পাওয়া যায়। এগুলি বিভিন্ন রং ও আকৃতির হয়ে থাকে।

## প্রজাতি

কয়েকশ প্রজাতি খোঁজ পাওয়া গিয়েছে, যার মধ্যে রয়েছে:

* *[[Hibiscus abelmoschus]]* L. synonym of *[[Abelmoschus moschatus]]* Medik.
* *[[Hibiscus abelmoschus]]* var. *betulifolius* Mast. synonym of *[[Abelmoschus moschatus]]* Medik.
* *[[Hibiscus abelmoschus]]* var. *genuinus* Hochr. synonym of *[[Abelmoschus moschatus]]* Medik.
* *[[Hibiscus laevis abutiloides]]* Willd. synonym of *[[Talipariti tiliaceum]]* var. *pernambucense* (Arruda) Fryxell
* *[[Hibiscus abyssinicus]]* Steud. (unresolved)
* *[[Hibiscus acapulcensis]]* Fryxell
* *[[Hibiscus acerifolius]]* Salisb. (unresolved)
* *[[Hibiscus acerifolius]]* DC. (unresolved)
* *[[Hibiscus acetosaefolius]]* DC. (unresolved)
* *[[Hibiscus acetosella]]* Welw. ex Hiern. false roselle
* *[[Hibiscus acicularis]]*
* *[[Hibiscus aculeatus]]*—comfortroot
* *[[Hibiscus altissimus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus andongensis]]*
* *[[Hibiscus angolensis]]*
* *[[Hibiscus aponeurus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus archeri]]*—Archer's hibiscus
* *[[Hibiscus aridicola]]*
* *[[Hawaiian hibiscus|Hibiscus arnottianus]]* A.Gray—*kokiʻo ʻula* (Hawaii)
* *[[Hibiscus asper]]*—bush roselle
* *[[Hibiscus austroyunnanensis]]*
* *[[Hibiscus barbosae]]*
* *[[Hibiscus benguellensis]]*
* *[[Hibiscus berberidifolius]]*
* *[[Hibiscus bernieri]]*
* *[[Hibiscus bifurcatus]]*—fork-bracted rosemallow
* *[[Hibiscus biseptus]]*—Arizona rosemallow
* *[[Hibiscus bojerianus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus boryanus]]*—foulsapate marron
* *[[Hibiscus brackenridgei]]* A.Gray—Hawaiian hibiscus *maʻo hau hele*
* *[[Hibiscus burtt-davyi]]*
* *[[Hibiscus caerulescens]]*
* *[[Hibiscus caesius]]*—dark-eyed hibiscus (South Africa)
* *[[Hibiscus calyphyllus]]*—lemonyellow rosemallow (tropical Africa)
* *[[Hibiscus cameronii]]*—Cameron's hibiscus, pink hibiscus
* *[[Hibiscus cannabinus]]* L.—Kenaf
* *[[Hibiscus castroi]]*
* *[[Hibiscus cisplatinus]]*—rosa del rio
* *[[Hibiscus citrinus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus clayi]]* O.Deg. & I.Deg.— Hawaiian red hibiscus (Hawaii)
* *[[Hibiscus clypeatus]]*—Congo mahoe
* *[[Hibiscus coccineus]]* (Medik.) Walter—scarlet rosemallow
* *[[Hibiscus colimensis]]*
* *[[Hibiscus columnaris]]*—mahot rempart
* *[[Hibiscus comoensis]]*
* *[[Hibiscus congestiflorus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus costatus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus coulteri]]*—desert rosemallow
* *[[Hibiscus cuanzensis]]*
* *[[Hibiscus dasycalyx]]*—Neches River rosemallow
* *[[Hibiscus denudatus]]* Benth.—pale face (Southwestern United States, Northwestern Mexico)
* *[[Hibiscus dimidiatus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus dioscorides]]*  (Yemen)
* *[[Hibiscus diplocrater]]*
* *[[Hibiscus diriffan]]* A.G.Mill. (Yemen)
* *[[Hibiscus diversifolius]]*—swamp hibiscus
* *[[Hibiscus dongolensis]]*
* *[[Hibiscus donianus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus elatus]]*—mahoe
* *[[Hibiscus elegans]]*
* *[[Hibiscus engleri]]*—wild hibiscus
* *[[Hibiscus escobariae]]*
* *[[Hibiscus excellii]]*
* *[[Hibiscus ferrugineus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus ficalhoanus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus flavoroseus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus fragilis]]* DC.—mandrinette (Mascarene Islands)
* *[[Hibiscus fragrans]]*
* *[[Hibiscus fritzscheae]]*
* *[[Hibiscus fugosioides]]*
* *[[Hibiscus furcellatus]]* Desr.—lindenleaf rosemallow (Caribbean, Florida, Central America, South America, Hawaii)
* *[[Hibiscus fuscus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus genevii]]* Bojer (Mauritius)
* *[[Hibiscus gilletii]]*
* *[[Hibiscus gossweileri]]*
* *[[Hibiscus grandidieri]]*
* *[[Hibiscus grandiflorus]]* Michx.—swamp rosemallow (Southeastern United States)
* *[[Hibiscus grandistipulatus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus grewiifolius]]*
* *[[Hibiscus hamabo]]*
* *[[Hibiscus hastatus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus heterophyllus]]*—native rosella
* *[[Hibiscus hirtus]]*—lesser mallow
* *[[Hibiscus hispidissimus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus huellensis]]*
* *[[Hibiscus hybridus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus indicus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus insularis]]* Endl.—Phillip Island hibiscus (Phillip Island)
* *[[Hibiscus integrifolius]]*
* *[[Hibiscus jaliscensis]]*
* *[[Hibiscus kochii]]*
* *[[Hibiscus kokio]]*—red rosemallow
* *[[Hibiscus labordei]]*
* *[[Hibiscus laevis]]* All. (=*H. militaris*)—halberd-leaved rosemallow (central and eastern North America)
* *[[Hibiscus lasiocarpos]]*—woolly rosemallow
* *[[Hibiscus lasiococcus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus lavaterioides]]*
* *[[Hibiscus laxiflorus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus leptocladus]]* ([Northwest Australia])
* *[[Hibiscus leviseminus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus lilacinus]]*—lilac hibiscus
* *[[Hibiscus liliiflorus]]*—Rodrigues tree hibiscus
* *[[Hibiscus longifolius]]*
* *[[Hibiscus longisepalus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus ludwigii]]*
* *[[Hibiscus lunariifolius]]*
* *[[Hibiscus macilwraithensis]]* - Australia
* *[[Hibiscus macrogonus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus macrophyllus]]*—largeleaf rosemallow
* *[[Hibiscus macropodus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus makinoi]]*—Okinawan hibiscus
* *[[Hibiscus malacophyllus]]* Balf.f. (Yemen)
* *[[Hibiscus malacospermus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus martianus]]*— heartleaf rosemallow
* *[[Hibiscus mesnyi]]* Pierre ex Laness. (Vietnam endemic)
* *[[Hibiscus moscheutos]]* L.—crimsoneyed rosemallow (Central and Eastern North America)
* *[[Hibiscus mutabilis]]* L.—cotton rosemallow, Confederate rose (East Asia)
* *[[Hibiscus paramutabilis]]*
* *[[Hibiscus pedunculatus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus pernambucensis]]*—seaside mahoe
* *[[Hibiscus phoeniceus]]*—Brazilian rosemallow
* *[[Hibiscus platanifolius]]*
* *[[Hibiscus quattenensis]]*
* *[[Hibiscus poeppigii]]*—Poeppig's rosemallow
* *[[Hibiscus radiatus]]*—monarch rosemallow
* *[[Hibiscus rosa-sinensis]]* L.—Chinese hibiscus (East Asia)
* *[[Roselle (plant)|Hibiscus sabdariffa]]* L.—roselle, omutete, or sorrel
* *[[Hibiscus schizopetalus]]*—fringed rosemallow
* *[[Hibiscus scottii]]*
* *[[Hibiscus socotranus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus sinosyriacus]]*
* *[[Hibiscus splendens]]*
* *[[Hibiscus stenanthus]]* Balf.f. (Yemen)
* *[[Hibiscus striatus]]*—striped rosemallow
* *[[Hibiscus sturtii]] <small>[[Australia]]</small>
* *Hibiscus syriacus* <small>L.</small> (type species)—rose of Sharon ([[Asia]])
* *Hibiscus taiwanensis S.Y. Hu*
* *Hibiscus tiliaceus* <small>L.</small>—sea hibiscus ([[Australia]], [[Southeast Asia]], [[Oceania]])
* *Hibiscus tozerensis* - <small>[[Australia]]</small>
* *Hibiscus trilobus*—threelobe rosemallow
* *Hibiscus trionum* <small>L.</small>—flower-of-an-hour
* *Hibiscus vitifolius*—tropical rose mallow
* *Hibiscus waimeae* <small>[[Amos Arthur Heller|A.Heller]]</small>—*kokiʻo keʻokeʻo* (Hawaii)


=== পূর্বে বর্গে রাখা হয়েছিল ===

* *Abelmoschus esculentus* <small>(L.) Moench</small> (as *H. esculentus* <small>L.</small>)
* *Abelmoschus ficulneus* <small>(L.) Wight & Arn.</small> (as *H. ficulneus* <small>L.</small>)
* [[Abelmoschus manihot|*Abelmoschus manihot* subsp. *manihot*]] (as *H.  manihot* <small>L.</small>)
* [[Abelmoschus manihot|*Abelmoschus manihot* var. *pungens*]] <small>(Roxb.) Hochr.</small> (as *H. pungens* <small>Roxb.</small>)
* [[Abelmoschus manihot|*Abelmoschus manihot* var. *tetraphyllus*]] <small>(Roxb. ex Hornem.) Borss. Waalk.</small> (as *H. tetraphyllus* <small>Roxb. ex Hornem.</small>)
* [[Abelmoschus moschatus|*Abelmoschus moschatus* subsp. *moschatus*]] (as *H. abelmoschus* <small>L.</small>)
* [[Abelmoschus moschatus|*Abelmoschus moschatus* subsp. *tuberosus*]] <small>(Span.) Borss. Waalk.</small> (as *H.  sagittifolius* <small>Kurz</small>)
* *Alyogyne cuneiformis* <small>(DC.) Lewton</small> (as *H. cuneiformis* <small>DC.</small>)
* *Alyogyne hakeifolia* <small>(Giord.) Alef.</small> (as *H. hakeifolius* <small>Giord.</small>)
* *Alyogyne huegelii* <small>(Endl.) Fryxell</small> (as *H. wrayae* <small>Lindl.</small>)
* *Alyogyne pinoniana* <small>(Gaudich.) Fryxell</small> (as *H. pinonianus* <small>Gaudich.</small>)
* *Firmiana simplex* <small>(L.) [[William Franklin Wight|W.Wight]]</small> (as *H. simplex* <small>L.</small>)
* [[Lagunaria|*Lagunaria patersonia* subsp. *patersonia*]] (as *H. patersonius* <small>Andrews</small>)
* *Kosteletzkya adoensis* <small>(Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Mast.</small> (as *H. adoensis* <small>Hochst. ex A.Rich.</small>)
* *Kosteletzkya pentacarpos* <small>(L.) Ledeb.</small> (as *H. pentacarpos* <small>L.</small>)
* *Kosteletzkya tubiflora* <small>(DC.) Blanch. & McVaugh</small> (as *H. tubiflorus* <small>DC.</small>)
* *Kosteletzkya virginica* <small>(L.) C.Presl ex A.Gray</small> (as *H. virginicus* <small>L.</small>)
* *Pavonia arabica* <small>Hochst. & Steud. ex Boiss.</small> (as *H. flavus* <small>Forssk.</small>)
* *Pavonia spinifex* <small>(L.) Cav.</small> (as *H. spinifex* <small>L.</small>)
* *Radyera farragei* <small>(F.Muell.) Fryxell & S.H.Hashmi</small> (as *H. farragei* <small>F.Muell.</small>)
* *Thespesia lampas* <small>(Cav.) Dalzell</small> (as *H. lampas* <small>Cav.</small>)
* *Thespesia populnea* <small>(L.) Sol. ex Corrêa</small> (as *H. populneoides* <small>Roxb.</small> or *H. populneus'' L.)

## তথ্যসূত্র

## বহিঃসংযোগ
* American Hibiscus Society (AHS)
* Australian Hibiscus Society
* International Hibiscus Society 
* http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1134&parname=0

বিষয়শ্রেণী:ফুল
বিষয়শ্রেণী:জবা
বিষয়শ্রেণী:ঔষধি উদ্ভিদ
বিষয়শ্রেণী:হাইতির জাতীয় প্রতীক
বিষয়শ্রেণী:হিবিসকাস
বিষয়শ্রেণী:কার্ল লিনিয়াস কর্তৃক নামকরণকৃত উদ্ভিদের ট্যাক্সা