Qingdao

**Qingdao** inggih punika kota tingkat préféktur ring sisi kangin Shandong Propinsi saking Cina. Magenah ring pasisi Segara Kuning Cina, Qingdao sampun sué dados bénténg sané mabuat. Ring warsa 1897, kota puniki kaserahang ring Jerman. Antuk Jerman Qingdao (Tsingtau) inggih punika pusat paadolan, pelabuhan miwah dasar sané mabuat pisan ring Skuadron Asia Kangin, sané ngawinang angkatan segara Jerman prasida ngamargiang dominasi ring Pasifik. Ring warsa 1914, risampuné medal Perang Jagad I, Jepang ngrebut kota miwah propinsi sané nampek salami Pangepungan Tsingtao. Duk warsa 1915, Cina cumpu pacang ngangkenin genah khusus Jepang ring wawidangan punika majalaran antuk napi sané kaloktah pinaka Selikur Pinunasan. Ring warsa 1918, pemerintah Cina, sane kakuasain olih panglima perang Duan Qirui, silib-silib cumpu ring syarat-syarat Jepang antuk ngenti utang. Risampuné Perang Jagat I, salami Konférénsi Padaméan Paris, Jepang ngamolihang panyumpuan sareng kekuatan Sekutu mangda ngangkenin klaimnyané ring wewidangan ring Shandong, sané ngranjing Qingdao, sadurungnyané kajajah olih Jerman. Duk warsa 1922, Shandong mawali kakuasain olih Cina risampuné Amérika Serikat ngamargiang mediasi selami Konférénsi Angkatan Segara Washington. Today, Qingdao pinaka kota simpul utama saking Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) sané ngubungang Asia Kontinéntal lan Asia Timur sareng Éropa. Kota niki madué PDB pinih tegeh pantaraning kota-kota liyanan ring propinsi niki.

Qingdao wantah pelabuhan miwah pangkalan angkatan segara utama, taler pinaka genah komérsial miwah pusat kajinahan. Puniki pinaka genah multinasional éléktronik sekadi Haier miwah Hisense. Kreteg Celuk Jiaozhou, nyambungang wewidangan kota utama Qingdao sareng distrik Huangdao, sané ngelintangin wewidangan segara Celuk Jiaozhou. Arsitékturnyané sané malelitnihan magaya Jerman lan Tsingtao Brewery, pabrik bir sané pinih ageng kaping kalih ring Cina, inggih punika warisan saking palinggihan Jerman (1898–1914). Qingdao kaklasifikasiang pinaka Metropolis Pelabuhan Ageng.

## Pustaka
### Sitasi

### Cutetan


### Wit pustaka

* Gottschall, Terrell D. *By Order of the Kaiser: Otto von Diederichs and the Rise of the Imperial German Navy 1865–1902*. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. 2003. 
* Schultz-Naumann, Joachim. *Unter Kaisers Flagge: Deutschlands Schutzgebiete im Pazifik und in China einst und heute* [Under the Kaiser's Flag, Germany's Protectorates in the Pacific and in China then and today]. Munich: Universitas Verlag. 1985.
* *Miscellaneous series, Issues 7–11*. United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, 1912.
* Walravens, Hartmut. "German Influence on the Press in China". In: *Newspapers in International Librarianship: Papers Presented by the Newspaper Section at IFLA General Conferences*. Walter de Gruyter, 1 January 2003. , .
** Also available at the website of the Queens Library – This version does not include the footnotes visible in the Walter de Gruyter version.
** Also available in Walravens, Hartmut, and Edmund King. *Newspapers in international librarianship: papers presented by the section of the newspaper at IFLA General Conferences*. K.G. Saur, 2003. , .

## Pranala jaba
* Qingdao Government website  
* Qingdao International Academician Port website  
* Study in China Admission System（中国高等院校国际招生管理服务系统） website