Challwa

**Challwa,** challwaxa jakiwa umana jahuiranakana quta tuqina jach'a lamar tuqina, ukhamaraki walxa kasta challwanaka utxi kunaiman sutininaka ukhamaraki jisk'a jach'a challwanaka, kunatixa challwaja wali sumawa manq'añataki nayra pachaxa wali utjana challwanakaxa jicha pachasti janiw walxa utjkiti.

**Challwata yatiña**

Yatiyanaka jikxattanakaxa akhama arunakampiwa qhanañchi. Kawkiri challwanakati uñt’ataki uka kasta challwanakaxa ch’akhankamakiwathaya umana jakirinaka. Challwanakaxa vertebrados acuáticos sutimpi uñt’atawa branquias uksanjama katuqapxi uma tuquita oxigeno jakaña samana, chhiqhanakapaxa.

Yatiñatakixa kimsaru jaljatawa, nayraxa p’iqituqixa, nasa, laka, nayra, opérculo llaqakamawa, taypi tuqixa órganos sata jakaña utjayirinaka, patxa manqha chhiqhanakampiwa; qhipaxa tuqixa  péndulo caudal surimi, wich’inkha tukuya aleta caudal ukanaka; challwana janchi patxapaxa k’ilinakaniwa, sunkhaninaka jani k’ilinisa utjarakiwa.

**P’iqi**

Nayraxa p’iqi tuqixa juch’usaruwa tukuyi, laka patapaxa ajanupa, nasa, ñaqa, nayranakapaxa pampilla muruq’unaka. lakapaxa manq’anaka katjañatakjama ukampirusa samana lanti brquias uksaru uma puriyañataki.

Challwana laka ch’akhanakapaxa jach’ani jisk’aninakawa laka ch’akhanakapaxa jalartaspa misturarakispa ukhamawa, maya siqi, paya, kimsa ukhamanakanispawa, laxrapaxa janiwa janchi ankunikiti p’iqi ch’akhapampi chikachatawa unuqispa challwanakawa  p’iqiparu  aychata sunkhaninakawa, ch’aphini  ukhamanakawa.

**Taqpacha janchi** 

Challwana janchipanakaxa taqpachanina sayt’kamakiwa yamakisa umana jaltirankanxa. qhipaxa wich’inkha tukuyaxa juch’usawa péndulo caudal sata, puracapaxa janchipanxa línea  lateral sata jarapiru siqintata, uka siqixa órgano censorial satawa challwana amuyasiñapataki ñanqhanakata jark’aqasiñataki, quta manqhana ist’añataki.

**Chiqhanaka** 

Chhiqhanakapaxa jiikhani patanakana, jarapixana puraka manqha tuqinakankiwa juch’usa ch’akhanakani, wich’inkapaxa ukhamaraki, chhiqhanakapxa ayatatta’sispawa umanxa kimsa ch’ulla chhiqhanakaniwa, jikhani patana, qhipaxa wich’inkha thiya patana, wich’inkha  thiya manqhana (dorsal, caudal y anal) uksanakana.

**Jikhani chhiqha**

Jikhani patankiwa, umana jani  q’achhirst’añataki suma wayxasiñapataki, muytañataki ukhamaraki jalkasaxa sayt’añataki.

**Qhipaxa chhiqha** 

Qhipaxa wich’inkhankiwa aka chhiqhaxa, nayraxaru khiwtasa sartayañataki.

**Qhipaxa manqha chhiqha**

Aka chhiqhaxa suma chiqa tuytayañapatakiwa ukhamarusa suma sayañapataki. Payakamawa aka chhiqhanakaxa pectorales ventrales sutimpi uñt’atanaka. yaqhipanakaxa jisk’a chhiqhanakaniwa (aleta adiposa) ukanaka.

**Nayraxa paya chhiqhanaka**

Aka chhiqhanakaxa purapaxa ñaqa thiyanakankiwa, ch’amampi sartayiriwa pata tuqiru manqha tuqiru, k’achhata sartayañataki.

Qhipaxa puraka manqha chhiqhanakaxa aletas ventrales sataxa puraka uksana jikxatasi maynisti aleta adiposa janchi jisk’a chhiqhaxa jikhani patana jikatasiraki challwanakana janchipaxa escamas sata qhulu k’ilinakana sillp’a ch’akharu uñtata siqi qhawxatatawa utjarakiwa jani k’ilininakaxa.

**Órganos satanaka** 

Vejiga natatoria satawa yanapt’iri  challwa tuytayirixa, umana sayañataki, utt’aspawa quta manqharu, tuysunirakispawa jani ch’ama tukusa. Challwanakaxa órganos sata phuqhata  jakañanakanipxiwa, laka chiqa uma juchhantasaxa ñaqa opérculo uksanjama mistuyxi branquias sata muysuyasina jakaña oxigeno katuqi, ukhamawa sistema respiratorio sata challwana jakañapataki; laka, laka ch’akhanaka, sunquru, mallq’a, jiphilla ukanakawa mayachata challwana manq’añapataki sistema digestivo sata.

Challwaxa sistema nervioso uksanjama amuyaraki, jatha k’awnanaka uñjaña alevines sata jisk’a k’awnata  misturirinaka amuyapxarakiwa. p’iqipana cerebelo ukampiwa kuna kasta unxtañanaksa sartañanaksa amuyapxi. challwaxa wilanirakiwa lluqutkama taqi chiqaru puriyaraki ukaxa sistema circulatorio satawa.

Purapaxa jarapita wichhinkha tukuykamaxa janchi aychakamakiwa, qhipaxa aleta caudal sata wich’inkhapaxa nayraxaru taqi tuqiru sartayañatakiwa, ukhamaraki p’iqi tuqina lakapa chhiqhanakapa nayrapaxa janiwa yanaka ckhampacha uñjkiti, saminakxa sumaraki amuyi qana uchatanaksa uñjapxarakiwa.

Challwanakaxa aparato sensorial ukanipxiwa purapaxa jarapi iramana siqintata, ukanjama kawkharu sarañataki amuyapxi, ukhamaraki thaya mathapi puriniri amuyaraki, kawksatsa ñanqhanakaxa jutaspa taqi ukanaka, ist’apxiwa vejiga jark’aqasispa jani wali challwanakata ukanjamaraki amuyapxi mayachata tamankañatakixa.

**Kunjamsa tuytapxi** 

Challwanakaxa quta manqhanxa jaltapxiwa wich’inkha maysatata maysaru, yanapirinakapaxa jikhani pata chhiqha aleta dorsal satawa anchaxa chhiqhasti aleta anal sataraki, jach’a chhiqhaninakaxa nayraxarusa qhipaxarusa jittapxarakispawa.

Nayraxa jarapi chhiqhanakaxa K’achhitata tuytañatakiwa ukhamaraki frenos sata sayt’añataki. Puraka manqha chhiqhanakaxa suma sayaru q’iwxasiñapataki jani liwikiptañatakiwa.

Jisk’ata jisk’ata laqaki jittañatakixa uma juchhantasa ñaqa tuqinjama ch’amampi mistuyasawa jaltapxiritayna. Taqpacha challwanakana puraka tuqixa qhana saminkamakiwa pata jikhani patanakapaxa.

**Challwa ch’akhanaka**

Quta umana challwa jakirinakaxa vertebrados acuáticos sutimpi uñt’atawa, taqi kasta ch’akhani challwanakawa utji, ch’akhanakapaxa jisk’ani jach’aniwa. Ch’akhanakaxa aycha taypinakankiwa, yaqhipa jisk’a ch’akhanakaxa mayja k’awunakawa mallq’aru achuntasirjamanaka, manq’añatakixa suma palliraña, wawanakatakixa manq’t’añjama jiliri awki taykanakawa ch’akhanaka aparasa manq’ayañapa, vertebrado sata uñt’ata challwaxa, tunu ch’akhanakaniwa columna vertebral sata, p’iqi ch’akhanakaxa lixwi jark’iri. Tunu ch’akhanakaxa p’iqita qhipaxa aleta caudal tukuykamawa walja ch’akhanakata mayachata, jarapi tuqinxa costillas sata ch’akhanakawa utjaraki.

## Challwanaka
* Ispi
* Mauri
* Pijiriya, piji
* Qarachi
* Qisi chawlla
* Such'i
*Turucha
* Umantu