open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ronefa Afrika

Ronefa Afrika tir varonexo ke Afrika tadava, dem san-tanoya patecta.

|-
| 
|style="text-align:right;"|27&nbsp;830
|style="text-align:right;"|8&nbsp;988&nbsp;091
|style="text-align:right;"|2009
|style="text-align:right;"|323
|Gitega

|-
| 
|style="text-align:right;"|121&nbsp;320
|style="text-align:right;"|5&nbsp;647&nbsp;168
|style="text-align:right;"|2009
|style="text-align:right;"|47
|Asmara

|-
| 
|style="text-align:right;"|619&nbsp;745
|style="text-align:right;"|8&nbsp;260&nbsp;490
|style="text-align:right;"|2008
|style="text-align:right;"|13
|Juba

|-
| 
|style="text-align:right;"|1&nbsp;127&nbsp;127
|style="text-align:right;"|84&nbsp;320&nbsp;987
|style="text-align:right;"|2012
|style="text-align:right;"|75
|Addis Ababa

|-
|  
|style="text-align:right;"|23&nbsp;000
|style="text-align:right;"|828&nbsp;324
|style="text-align:right;"|2015
|style="text-align:right;"|22
|Jibuti

|-
| 
|style="text-align:right;"|582&nbsp;650
|style="text-align:right;"|39&nbsp;002&nbsp;772
|style="text-align:right;"|2009
|style="text-align:right;"|66
|Nairobi

|-
| 
|style="text-align:right;"|26&nbsp;338
|style="text-align:right;"|10&nbsp;473&nbsp;282
|style="text-align:right;"|2009
|style="text-align:right;"|398
|Kigali

|-
| 
|style="text-align:right;"|637&nbsp;657
|style="text-align:right;"|9&nbsp;832&nbsp;017
|style="text-align:right;"|2009
|style="text-align:right;"|15
|Muqdisho

|-
| 
|style="text-align:right;"|1&nbsp;861&nbsp;484
|style="text-align:right;"|30&nbsp;894&nbsp;000
|style="text-align:right;"|2008
|style="text-align:right;"|17
|Khartoum

|-
| 
|style="text-align:right;"|945&nbsp;087
|style="text-align:right;"|44&nbsp;929&nbsp;002
|style="text-align:right;"|2009
|style="text-align:right;"|43
|Dodoma

|-
| 
|style="text-align:right;"|236&nbsp;040
|style="text-align:right;"|32&nbsp;369&nbsp;558
|style="text-align:right;"|2009
|style="text-align:right;"|137
|Kampala
Ronekeva

__NOTOC__

**Ronekeva** tir yambafa koswara remi XVIII-eafa is XIX-eafa decemda.

## Nelkaf lingesik
Abavafa vexala dem zolonaf lingesik

## Vexala dem ar ronekevaf lingesik
* Théodore Chassériau
* Eugène Delacroix
* Étienne Dinet
* Eugène Fromentin
* Jean-Léon Gérôme
* John Frederick Lewis
* Henri Regnault
* Giulio Rosati
* Alexandre Roubtzoff
Romafo gindaxo

**Romafo gindaxo** (latinavon *Imperium romanum*) tir yolt ziliyin gan izvopik gu savsavafa romafa felira wali -27 ilana isu 476.
Rosa Luxemburg

**Rosa Luxemburg**, kobliyis rossiaf koe kerelena Polska azon zo tugermanar.

Seltevaf artowas sayudasik is pakof gu walvedeyeva, va Tanafa Tamavageja tsuner. Andik ke Spartakus Gluyista, koe Berlin ba 15/01/1919 bal rujara va Germanafa Artowara isu selura gan sayakik zo adjuber.

Nuyevaf is seltevaf, Rosa Luxemburg va nuyuca ke « amidafa trakura » lotir ise artowasa viltera dalon tir lidaf uum ta lodayevaf seltbolk, kev envara ke Lenin az Stalin.

#### Ronoksudana klita
Sanegafa liwomba : Rosa Luxemburg, ayikyevikya

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Rossia

**Rossia** tir ana gijafa patecta ke tamava tigisa moe toloya tadava : varone Europa is valente Asia. Inafu kelu tir Moskva.

## Tawavopa

## Sanelia

## Izva

 : izva ke bata gola lecafa gu stalinugalaf *Gulag* bolk.

→ Kali 1991 Rossia tiyir galdafe sokasane ke Tanara ke Seltevaf Sovietaf Sokasaneeem.

## Suteroteem

## Yamba
### Rossiaf lingesik

* Ivan Cickin
* Ilya Repin
* Isaak Levitan

## Vuestexa
Rossiaf aelakolacek ke 1601-1603

**Rossiaf aelakolacek ke 1601-1603**

**Rossiaf aelakolacek ke 1601-1603** baxekon tir tan  tazeyes va Rossia icde sanelia. Tire va toloy celemoy korik co awalkesiyir, trabe va bareaca ke rossiafa sanelia bal sare yoltkiraf gu Skaltugal (&nbsp;rossiavon *Смутное время*&nbsp;) ugale patecta gaderopon zo romplekur ise va tolgenira ke Tolvedeyafe Sokasane (&nbsp;Polska&nbsp;) goliker. Awalkikafa otapa va astirbafa seltafa relatcera webeyer, i va relatcera nekiyisa va titfira ke Boris Godunov gindik sollibuyun bak walgazarugal.

Bat aelakolacek tir danexa ke fentugalafa yanka wegonafa koe kotrafa tamava is skayakiraf warolaks, i ke coba kavaniksantuyuna gan sidopik gu divlankera ke Huaynaputina tculk koe Perua .

## Lazava
Vayara stayana bak 2008 gan Kenneth L. Verosub is Jake Lippman va aelakolacek radimi divlankera ke peruaf Huaynaputina tculk bak 1900 munester . Bat tculk va razki vas 16 ik 32 celemoy decitor ko alpoz co divmimayar, i va tulon tolvalol ke nula kiyisa va nulekelafa akida, nume va tculkaf fentugal nekiyir. Batdume tokoda dem awaltafa ayewara artstiyisa va welma ke Tawava illaumayar ise va nustuca ke fentugal is drasura va warolaks is bonol co webeyer, i va egalefa aelakola koe varafa tawava .

Orig icde bat aelakolacek kotlize koe tamava zo kayestayad. Tulon sazopafa savseluxaxa ke Swiza isu Latvia isu Eestia va fentunapaf fentugal wali 1600 is 1602 munested ; koe Franca centewarolara ke 1601 tiyid gavefa isen koe Germana is Perua warzera va centeda atitsuyur. Glorda koe Sinia gaveon imweyed isen Suwa uzda ke Nipona va tela lowavefa tapafa evla mali alubdecemda grupeyer .

## Awalkikafa ota
Bal bata toldafa rekola is acku, koe ant Moskva widava 127 000 alto ko donafa kela zo kotawayad. Jadifa gesturansa va toloy celemoy korik koe Rossia co aytayar, trabe va mon bareaca ke kotrafa sanelia ke patecta .

## Vuestexeem

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Rossiaf aelakolacek ke 1891-1892

**Rossiaf aelakolacek ke 1891-1892**

**Rossiaf aelakolacek ke 1891-1892** kene Volga bost tozuweyer aze kal Ural gola is Tcerna bira divlizeyer. Va 375 000 ik 500 000 rontif awalkik nekiyir.

### Saz
Bak 1891 rodapaf muvugal va faytawara kagaveyer. Bak fentugal yanka kal -31°&nbsp;C- titstiyir voxen nolda abicote duyur ; acum faytawaks gu tap me di zo nendayad. Viele Volga bost divdomayar, noldenja askiyir da lava zo tutapayar numen jotafa metca is werdol ta sinkara va bonol tuagaweyed. Ison suka bak imwugal dupuyur numen jontika ziayana tawa zo ilbureyer. Idulugal mali balemeaksat wavepon tozuweyer aze tiyir abrotcif is rodapaf. Tulon Orenburg widava tiyir muviskafa remi lo 100 vielcek. Aala is okol is miduks is tawadayik toz awalkeyed numen teni idulugal mon alub-vuntoy korik tere mea kruldeyed, nope ont rontion aelakolacek ont miledjafa beyolakola.

## Vuestexeem

* (ru) Davidov М. А. *Всероссийский рынок в конце XIX — начале XX* вв. и железнодорожная статистика. — М. : Алетейа, 2010. — 832 с. — ISBN 978-5-91419-056-6.
* (ru) Nefyodov S. А. *Демографически-структурный анализ социально-экономической истории России. Конец XV — начало XX века*. — Ekaterinburg : Изд-во УГГУ, 2005. — 540 с.
* (ru) Rastyannikov V. G., *Дерюгина И. В. Урожайность хлебов в России. 1795—2007*. — М. : ИВ РАН, 2009. — 192 с. Rast
* (ru) Xok Stiven L. *Голод, болезни и структуры смертности в приходе Борщевка, Россия, 1830—1912* // Социально-демографическая история России XIX—XX вв. Современные методы исследования. — Тамбов, 1999.
* (en) Smith, Harold F. *Bread for the russians. William C. Edgar and the relief campaign of 1892* // Minnesota History. — 1970. — Т. summer. — С. 54—62.
* (en) Figes, Orlando. *A people’s tragedy: the Russian Revolution, 1891—1924*. — Penguin Books, 1998. — 923 с.
* (en) Wheatcroft, S.G. *The 1891—1892 famine in Russia: towards a more detailed analysis of its scale and demographic significance* // Economy and society in Russia and the Soviet Union, 1860—1930. Essays for Olga Crisp. — St. Martin’s Press, 1992. — С. 44—64.
* (en) Henze, Charlotte E. *Disease, health care and goverment in late imperial Russia. Life and death on the Volga, 1823—1914*. — N. Y. : Routlege, 2011. — 227 с.
* (en) Robbins, Richard G. *Famine in Russia, 1891—1892*. — Columbia University Press, 1975. — ISBN 0-231-03836-4.
* (en) Simms, James Y. Jr. *The Crop Failure of 1891: Soil Exhaustion, Technological Backwardness, and Russia’s «Agrarian Crisis»*. // Slavic Review. — 1982. — Т. 41, № 2. — С. 236—250.
* (en) Simms, James Y. Jr. *The Economic Impact of the Russian Famine of 1891—92* // The Slavonic and East European Review. — 1982. — Т. 60, № 1. — С. 63—74.


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Rostelaxo (trutca ke Pinchon)

**Rostelaxo** ~ *Le Jardin maraicher* (FR)

**Rostelaxo** (&nbsp;francavon *Le Jardin maraicher*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 74 × 100 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Robert Antoine Pinchon francaf lingesik moni 1921. Koe Yambatcilaxe koe Rouen re tigir (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;).

Bata trutca tir grabom dikis va watsa vas patectoy is taya, i vas tane gelukafe detce ke Pinchon.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Rostov-na-Donu

**Rostov-na-Donu** (rossiavon *Ростов-на-Дону*) tir widava ke europafa Rossia is widot ke Rostov-na-Donu winka.

Inafa sanelia tiyir vas 1 119 875 irubasik bak 2016..

## Tawavopa
 

## Debala
Rostov-na-Donu kenvoke Don bost katice artexo vas 40 km-, gee Moskva arte 960 km- tigir.

## Izva
Widava bak 1749 winugon zo zabduyur.

## Dere rupec

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Rotterdam mielon (trutca ke Luce)

**Rotterdam mielon** ~ *Rotterdam, effet de nuit (La Schie)* (FR)

**Rotterdam mielon** (&nbsp;francavon *Rotterdam, effet de nuit (La Schie)*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 65 × 81&nbsp;cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Maximilien Luce francaf lingesik bak 1908.

Bata trutca koe Korikaf dotay re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

Bak 1907-1908 va konaka trutca kaatoesa va patectoy ke Xollanda radimi koyara koe bata patecta lingeyer. Tulon konak lingeks va Rotterdam is inaf molt tid.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela


* Ferretti, p. 132
* Dene Athenaeum


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Rozokidol (Lophocebus)

**Rozokidol (Lophocebus)** tir tani moukolafi oxi vey *Cercopithecidae* yasa (&nbsp;*Cercopithecoidea* veyyasa, *Cercopithecinae* volveyyasa&nbsp;) ke *PRIMATES* veem (&nbsp;*HAPLORRHINI* volveyveem, *SIMIIFORMES* tolvolveyveem&nbsp;).

Gan Palmer bak 1903 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem katceem
Sedme ***Mammal Species of the World*** (siatos ke 2005), bati oxi vas 3 katca ruldar :

|-
| 1
| Rozokidol (Lophocebus albigena)
| *Lophocebus albigena* (Gray, 1850)
| 
Grey-cheeked_Mangabey.JPG

| 
Grey-cheeked_Mangabey_area.png


|-
| 2
| Rozokidol (Lophocebus aterrimus)
| *Lophocebus aterrimus* (Oudemans, 1890)
| 
Black_Mangabey_002.jpg

| 
Black_Crested_Mangabey_area.png


|-
| 3
| Rozokidol (Lophocebus opdenboschi)
| *Lophocebus opdenboschi* (Scouteden, 1944)
| 


|

|}

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Mammal Species of the World (v- 3, 2005) : *Lophocebus* (Palmer, 1903)
* (en) vuest- : CITES : *Lophocebus*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : oxi *Lophocebus* (Palmer, 1903)
* (en, fr) vuest- : ITIS : *Lophocebus* (Palmer, 1903)
* (en) vuest- : Tree of Life Web Project : *Lophocebus*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Lophocebus* (Palmer, 1903)
* (en) vuest- : Paleobiology Database : *Lophocebus* (Palmer, 1903)
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Lophocebus*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Lophocebus*
#### Ara vuestexa
* *Rozokidol (Lophocebus)* dene Wikispecies


## Kotavafa vuestesa xantaza
* Kotava winugaf moukolaf ravlemak (Kotava, Latinava, 2019)
Rozokidol (Lophocebus albigena albigena)

**Rozokidol (Lophocebus albigena albigena)** tir tana moukolafa apta ke *albigena* katca vey *Lophocebus* oxi vey *Cercopithecidae* yasa (&nbsp;*Cercopithecoidea* veyyasa, *Cercopithecinae* volveyyasa&nbsp;) ke *PRIMATES* veem (&nbsp;*HAPLORRHINI* volveyveem, *SIMIIFORMES* tolvolveyveem&nbsp;).

Gan Gray bak 1850 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem milkatcaf apteem
Sedme ***Mammal Species of the World*** (siatos ke 2005), konakara apta dere tid ke mila veyafa katca :
* *[[Rozokidol (Lophocebus albigena albigena)]]* (Gray, 1850)
* *[[Rozokidol (Lophocebus albigena johnstoni)]]* (Lydekker, 1900)
* *[[Rozokidol (Lophocebus albigena osmani)]]* (Groves, 1978)

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Mammal Species of the World (v- 3, 2005) : *Lophocebus albigena albigena* (Gray, 1850)
* (en) vuest- : CITES : *Lophocebus albigena albigena*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : apta *Lophocebus albigena albigena* (Gray, 1850)
* (en, fr) vuest- : ITIS : *Lophocebus albigena albigena* (Gray, 1850)
* (en) vuest- : Tree of Life Web Project : *Lophocebus albigena albigena*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Lophocebus albigena albigena* (Gray, 1850)
* (en) vuest- : Paleobiology Database : *Lophocebus albigena albigena* (Gray, 1850)
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Lophocebus albigena albigena*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Lophocebus albigena albigena*


## Kotavafa vuestesa xantaza
* Kotava winugaf moukolaf ravlemak (Kotava, Latinava, 2019)
Rossiava

**Rossiava** tir ava ke Rossia is pakon konaka vegungafa patecta. Tir roneslavafa ava.

## Abava

|-

|-

## Suteroteem

## Vuestexa
Rozokol (Papio ursinus)

**Rozokol (Papio ursinus)** tir tana moukolafa katca ke *Papio* oxi vey *Cercopithecidae* yasa (&nbsp;*Cercopithecoidea* veyyasa, *Cercopithecinae* volveyyasa&nbsp;) ke *PRIMATES* veem (&nbsp;*HAPLORRHINI* volveyveem, *SIMIIFORMES* tolvolveyveem&nbsp;).

Gan Kerr bak 1792 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem apteem
Sedme ***Mammal Species of the World*** (siatos ke 2005), bata katca vas 3 apta ruldar :
* *[[Rozokol (Papio ursinus ursinus)]]* (Kerr, 1792)
* *[[Rozokol (Papio ursinus griseipes)]]* (Pocock, 1911)
* *[[Rozokol (Papio ursinus ruacana)]]* (Shortridge, 1942)

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Mammal Species of the World (v- 3, 2005) : *Papio ursinus* (Kerr, 1792)
* (en) vuest- : CITES : *Papio ursinus*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : katca *Papio ursinus* (Kerr, 1792)
* (en, fr) vuest- : ITIS : *Papio ursinus* (Kerr, 1792)
* (en) vuest- : Tree of Life Web Project : *Papio ursinus*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Papio ursinus* (Kerr, 1792)
* (en) vuest- : Paleobiology Database : *Papio ursinus* (Kerr, 1792)
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Papio ursinus*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Papio ursinus*
#### Ara vuestexa
* *Rozokol (Papio ursinus)* dene Wikispecies


## Kotavafa vuestesa xantaza
* Kotava winugaf moukolaf ravlemak (Kotava, Latinava, 2019)
Rue des Saules koe Montmartre (trutca ke Luce)

**Rue des Saules koe Montmartre** ~ *Montmartre, la rue des Saules* (FR)

**Rue des Saules koe Montmartre** (&nbsp;francavon *Montmartre, la rue des Saules*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 51 × 71.4&nbsp;cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Maximilien Luce francaf lingesik bak 1894.

Bata trutca koe korikaf dotay re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

Remi kotafa klepa, bro lo nik isu milebik, Luce va nakila is patectoy ke Paris al linger, i va widava is yon wiray. Banugale Montmartre revava ware tir tawadaykoramafa.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela


* Dene Sothebys
* Denise Bazetoux, Maximilien Luce, Catalogue raisonné de l'oeuvre peint, vol. III, Paris, 2005, n°27, yunk- p. 59


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Rufiji (kuksa)

**Rufiji** bost sotir voapa ke Tanzania, kobliyisa vey Kilombero kuksa isu Luwegu vagetalte patecta. Taltuon ronon niyisa arte 600 km-, va Mafia vedil ke India Welfa lente Mafia ewala kobirar.

Kuksaxo ke Rufiji bost, nelkon besanafa gu meila, tir dem for mialukaf vas 21 ir-/km² ise va meka widavapa digir.

Bost gan meka oblaxa dadir nume tir rototalapin vatic mon 100 km-. Inafa nelkafa kovoa tir Ruaha kuksa. Rufiji va Stiegler ecor koonir aze va koefa riska koe Selous nendaxo tazukar.

Artexo ke Rufiji gee mon 200 km- male Dar es-Salaam tir ton riska bravasa va telo logijafo dervekxo ke tamava.
Ruja is ariuta koe toloy trig (trutca ke Caillebotte)

**Ruja is ariuta koe toloy trig** ~ *Lilas et pivoines dans deux vases* (FR)

**Ruja is ariuta koe toloy trig** (&nbsp;francavon *Lilas et pivoines dans deux vases*&nbsp;) tir trutca  lumkirafa gu 92 × 72 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Gustave Caillebotte francaf lingesik bak 1883.

Bata trutca koe korikaf dotay re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''imwa''
Watsa va *imwa* va Gustave Caillebotte remi trelafa klepa koswavayar. Ine va konaka trutca oku siatos lingeyer. Tulon grupet :


File:Gustave Caillebotte - Massif de fleurs, jardin du Petit-Gennevilliers.jpg|Imwatroyta, matela ke Petit Gennevilliers (1)
File:Gustave Caillebotte - Massiv de fleurs, jardin du Petit Gennevilliers.jpg|Imwatroyta, matela ke Petit Gennevilliers (2)
File:Gustave Caillebotte - Iris bleus, jardin du Petit Gennevilliers.jpg|Faltafa daxa, matela ke Petit Gennevilliers
File:G._Caillebotte_-_Nasturces.jpg|Uriza
File:Gustave_Caillebotte_-_Giroflées.jpg|Arikea
File:Gustave_Caillebotte_-_Lilas_et_pivoines_dans_deux_vases.jpg|Ruja is ariuta koe toloy trig
File:Gustave_Caillebotte_-_Vase_de_glaïeuls.jpg|Trig dem vunci
File:Caillebotte_Tournesols_au_bord_de_la_Seine1885.jpg|Begart kene Seine bost


## Dere rupec

## Stragela

## Vuestexa

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Ruja is raltada is brek koe trig (trutca ke Courbet)

**Ruja is raltada is brek koe trig** ~ *Lilas, roses et tulipes dans un vase* (FR)

**Ruja is raltada is brek koe trig** (&nbsp;francavon *Lilas, roses et tulipes dans un vase*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 65.1 × 54.3 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Gustave Courbet francaf lingesik bak 1863.

Bata trutca koe Norton Simon Tcilaxe koe Pasadena koe Franca re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''yalestaca''
Remi klepa, Gustave Courbet va konaka trutca ok konak siatos ke mila trutca watson gu yalestaca lingeyer. Lana tid grupepena.

File:Bouquet de fleurs by Courbet Hamburger Kunsthalle.png|Imwatsenke
File:Courbet, Gustave - Bouquet of Flowers in a Vase - Google Art Project.jpg|Imwatum koe trig
File:Gustave Courbet - Flower Still-Life - WGA5476.jpg|Imwa koe trig
File:'Vase of Lilacs, Roses, and Tulips' by Gustave Courbet.JPG|Ruja is raltada is brek koe trig
File:Lilly and Gillyflower by Courbet 1863 Burrell Coll.png|Tcuma is xarba
File:Gustave_Courbet_044.jpg|Yalestaca dem pruve
File:Tête de femme avec fleurs by Courbet PMA.jpg|Ayikya dem nomarna

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Rubiklaga

Tela **Rubiklaga** (ok **laga ke Rubik**) sotir barlumkoraf welimot, gan Ernő Rubik bak 1974 ganduna. Ixam bal ilaneem 1980 al tugijayoltayasa, tela laga va volroranamenaca vanmiae swavombeem daletoe motar. Abdi tamavkiewatca koe magyara fiuntaf, zabdusik moi lerdeaksat 1979 va walkalu do Ideal Toys ja sugdar, ta walvedeyafa xolera va welimot, to batu sistu wetce « Rubik's Cube » sotolrozusitir. 

Moe xantaf siatos, kottel kevak ke laga gan lerdoy lek zo tadler, mila laga nuvelar ponawena va 26 barlumaca, bancoba kal kot lagakril koe mila brutafa runda rotarplekuwer. Bolk dem yona lya va lenteem ken baroy lya vas miltan woyok turodebaltenar.
Rucka is pist moe kuksadoma (trutca ke Bierstadt)

**Rucka is pist moe kuksadoma** ~ *Ferns and Rocks on an Embankment* (EN)

**Rucka is pist moe kuksadoma** (&nbsp;englavon *Ferns and Rocks on an Embankment*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 48 × 33 cm-, i puntalingeks keve inta skuyun gan Albert Bierstadt amerikaf lingesik bak 1869.

Bata trutca koe *Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art* tcilaxe ke Ithaca koe Tanarasokeem re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Rumeik is awalk (1) (trutca ke Munch)

**Rumeik is awalk** ~ *Døden og barnet* (NO)

**Rumeik is awalk** (&nbsp;norgavon *Døden og barnet*&nbsp;) tir trutca, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Edvard Munch norgaf lingesik bak 1899.

Bata trutca koe Munch tcila koe Oslo koe Norga re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''awalk''
Remi klepapa, Edvard Munch va konaka trutca ok konak siatos ke mila trutca watson gu awalk lingeyer. Lana tid grupepena.


File:Edvard Munch - Death at the helm.jpg|Awalk bene viaro
File:Edvard Munch - Death and Spring.jpg|Awalkera is imwugal
File:Edvard Munch - The Angel of Death.jpg|Pumkik ke awalk
File:Edvard Munch - By the Deathbed, Fever.jpg|Aname ilava ke awalkik
File:Edvard Munch - Death and Life - Google Art Project.jpg|Awalk is Bli
File:Edvard Munch - The Smell of Death (1895).jpg|Peziks va awalkera (1)
File:Edvard Munch - The Smell of Death.jpg|Peziks va awalkera (2)
File:'At the Deathbed' by Edvard Munch, 1895, Bergen Kunstmuseum.JPG|Aname awalkikafa ilava
File:Munch, The dead mother and the child.jpg|Rumeik is awalk (1)
File:Edvard Munch - Death and the Child (1899), Kunsthalle Bremen.jpg|Rumeik is awalk (2)
File:Edvard Munch, Dødskamp.JPG|Lyumara va awalk


## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Rumeik moe vawa (trutca ke Munch)

**Rumeik moe vawa** ~ *Barneflokk i alleen* (NO)

**Rumeik moe vawa** (&nbsp;norgavon *Barneflokk i alleen*&nbsp;) tir trutca, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Edvard Munch norgaf lingesik bak 1906.

Bata trutca koe Munch tcila koe Oslo koe Norga re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''rumeik''
Remi klepapa, Edvard Munch va konaka trutca ok konak siatos ke mila trutca watson gu rumeik lingeyer. Lana tid grupepena.


Edvard Munch - Childhood Memory.jpg|Rumeugalafi nami
Edvard Munch - Two Children on Their Way to the Fairytale Forest.jpg|Toloy rumeik moe kelda
Edvard Munch - The Drowning Child.jpg|Wizuwes rumeik
Edvard Munch - Children on the Street.jpg|Rumeik moe vawa
Edvard Munch - Worker and Child.jpg|Kobasik is rumeik
Edvard Munch - Childhood.jpg|Rumeuca (1)
Edvard Munch - Childhood (1).jpg|Rumeuca (2)


## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Rumeikya moe soza (trutca ke Caillebotte)

**Rumeikya moe soza** ~ *Fillette au balcon* (FR)

**Rumeikya moe soza** (&nbsp;francavon *Fillette au balcon*&nbsp;) tir trutcama  lumkirafa gu 41 × 33 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Gustave Caillebotte francaf lingesik bak 1880.

Bata trutca koe korikaf dotay re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''soza''
Watsa va *soza* va Gustave Caillebotte remi trelafa klepa koswavayar. Ine va konaka trutca oku siatos lingeyer. Tulon grupet :


File:Caillebotte_balcon.jpg|Ayikye moe soza
File:Caillebotte,_L'Homme_au_balcon,_boulevard_Haussmann_-_Christie's.jpg|Ayikye moe soza, Haussmann bedom
File:G._Caillebotte_-_Un_balcon_(1880).jpg|Soza ke 31-e ke Haussmann bedom, oga ke lingesik
File:Gustave Caillebotte - View from a balcony - Google Art Project.jpg|Wiks male soza
File:Gustave_Caillebotte_-_Fillette_au_balcon.jpg|Rumeikya moe soza

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

## Vuestexa

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Rujodara (trutca ke Thomas Cole)

**Rujodara** ~ *Clouds* (EN)

**Rujodara** (&nbsp;englavon *Clouds*&nbsp;) tir trutcapa lumkirafa gu 22.2&nbsp;×&nbsp;27.6&nbsp;cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Thomas Cole amerikaf lingesik bak 1838.

Bata trutca koe Metropolitan Museum of Art koe New York (Tanarasokeem) re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela


* Tcilafa vuestexa


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Rumeafa taka (trutca ke Courbet)

**Rumeafa taka** ~ *Tête d'enfant* (FR)

**Rumeafa taka** (&nbsp;francavon *Tête d'enfant*&nbsp;) tir trutcama lumkirafa gu 40.3 × 31.8 cm-, i puntalingeks ton vayaks keve stama skuyun gan Gustave Courbet francaf lingesik bak 1865.

Bata trutca koe Fondation Barnes tcilaxe koe Philadelphia koe Tanarasokeem re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Rumkan faldol (trutca ke Courbet)

**Rumkan faldol** ~ *Le Chevreuil pendu* (FR)

**Rumkan faldol** (&nbsp;francavon *Le Chevreuil pendu*&nbsp;) tir trutcapa lumkirafa gu 187 × 128 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Gustave Courbet francaf lingesik bak 1857.

Bata trutca koe Mesdag dotay koe Den Haag koe Nederlanda re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''tcabanera''
Remi klepa, Gustave Courbet va konaka trutca ok konak siatos ke mila trutca watson gu tcabanera lingeyer. Lana tid grupepena.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Rumpi (Erythrotriorchis)

**Rumpi (Erythrotriorchis)** tir tani oxi ke *Accipitridae* yasa vey *Accipitriformes* veem. Gan Sharpe bak 1875 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem katceem
Sedme vuestesa pulara ke Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba (&nbsp;2.2 siatos, 2009&nbsp;), 2 katca zo vertokad :

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba : *Erythrotriorchis* is *Accipitriformes*
* (en) vuest- : Alan P. Peterson : *Erythrotriorchis* is *Accipitriformes*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : *Erythrotriorchis* (Sharpe, 1875)
* (en) vuest- : Fauna Europaea : *Erythrotriorchis*
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Erythrotriorchis*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Erythrotriorchis*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Erythrotriorchis*
* (fr+en) vuest- : CITES : *Erythrotriorchis*
Rungwe (tculk)

**Rungwe** tir savsaf tculk vagetalte Tanzania, poke jowa ke Malawia, lente Malawi Uzda.

## Stragela

* Iyelt ke **Ol Doinyo Lengai** dene Global Volcanism Program internetxo
Runta (trutca ke Bierstadt)

**Runta** ~ *The Wave* (EN)

**Runta** (&nbsp;englavon *The Wave*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 152.4 × 182.9 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Albert Bierstadt amerikaf lingesik bak 1887.

Bata trutca koe *Haggin Museum* tcilaxe ke Stockton koe Tanarasokeem re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Runta (trutca ke Courbet)

**Runta** ~ *La Vague* (FR)

**Runta** (&nbsp;francavon *La Vague*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 90 × 66 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Gustave Courbet francaf lingesik bak .

Bata trutca koe Yambatcilaxe koe Lyon koe Franca re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''biraf patectoy''
Remi klepa, Gustave Courbet va konaka trutca ok konak siatos ke mila trutca watson gu biraf patectoy lingeyer. Lana tid grupepena.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Rusinava

**Rusinava** tir ava tcastawesa koe Slovenska is Ukraina is Polska is Serbia. Tir roneslavafa ava.

## Abava

|-

|-

|-

|-

## Vuestexa
Ruskaya (kuksa)

**Ruskaya** (&nbsp;rossiavon *Русская*&nbsp;) tir rossiafa kuksa koe Sibiria, koe Yamal winka, ronefa kovoa ke Taz bost.

Inafe abrotce tir vas 280 km- isen kuksaxo tir vas 5 140 km².

## Dere rupel
Ruvuma (kuksa)

**Ruvuma** bost sotir voapa ke Ronefa Afrika, tadlesa va lok ke jowa wale Tanzania is Mozambika ( lize gu Rovuma zo yoltar ).

Inafa klita tice ontine vas 1000 m- tigir, gerone 50 km- arte Songea tanzaniafa widava is rone Malawi Uzda. Kene mon 70 km- geon titnir, aze va Msinje ronuon kazawar aze ronon niarur. Banvielu kal artexo, va jowa wale Tanzania is Mozambika zanudar.

Inafa dalafa kovoa ronuon tir Lugenda kuksa, poke Negomano widava koe Mozambika.
Za ( Unity bridge ) wale toloya patecta zo veguduyur aze bak 2010 tere zo taneasteyer, arti jontika kesa is parlesa tanda, poke Negomano.
Ruxa koe furutsa (trutca ke Munch)

**Ruxa koe furutsa** ~ *Potteplante* (NO)

**Ruxa koe furutsa** (&nbsp;norgavon *Potteplante*&nbsp;) tir trutca, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Edvard Munch norgaf lingesik bak 1881-1882.

Bata trutca koe Munch tcila koe Oslo koe Norga re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''yalestaca''
Remi klepapa, Edvard Munch va konaka trutca ok konak siatos ke mila trutca watson gu yalestaca lingeyer. Lana tid grupepena.


File:Edvard Munch - Potted Plant on the Windowsill.jpg|Ruxa koe furutsa kadomon ice dilk
File:Edvard Munch - Potted Plant.jpg|Ruxa koe furutsa
File:Edvard Munch - Still LIfe with Jar, Apple, Walnut and Coconut.jpg|Yalestaca dem anoz is pruve is wikande


## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Ruy López de Villalobos

**Ruy López de Villalobos** ( ±1500-1546 ) ~ Espanaf vestasik va Pacifika Welfa.

Ruy López de Villalobos tiyir espanaf kotgrupaf totasik bak toza ke 16-eafa decemda.

Vestara va Pacifika Welfa is Pilipina.

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Rwanda

**Rwanda** tir patecta idjon ice istefa Afrika kimon ice Ronefa Afrika a birafa vansara.

Vegungafa patecta tid Sokasanerotifa Kongoa is Uganda is Tanzania is Burundia.

## Sanelia
:→ Wafra dem widavapa ke patecta.

## Araya
:→ Tamavafa gadakiewega ke UNESCO

## Vuestexa
Rwenzori (jaka)

**Rwenzori** (&nbsp;englavon *Rwenzori Mountains National Park*&nbsp;), tir burkaf debak ke Uganda.

Rwenzori tir tano katcalapafo tuwavaxo ke tawava nume bak 1994 wetce tuwavaf debak ke tamavafa gadakiewega ke UNESCO zo bendeyer.

## Ewava va debak

File:Ruwenzori wolkenlos.jpg
File:1172 ruwenzori.jpg
File:Mt.Speke2008.jpg
File:Mount Baker (Ruwenzori) from Bujuku Hut.jpg
File:Ruwenzori Lake Bujuku 2.jpg
File:Ruwenzori Moss 1.jpg
File:Ruwenzori Moss 3.jpg
File:Ruwenzori Vegetation 4.jpg
File:Ruwenzori Vegetation 7.jpg
File:Chameleon-Rwenzori.jpg


## Vuestexa

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Réaumur vawila (trutca ke Luce)

**Réaumur vawila** ~ *La rue Réaumur* (FR)

**Réaumur vawila** (&nbsp;francavon *La rue Réaumur*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 61.2 × 50.4&nbsp;cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Maximilien Luce francaf lingesik bak 1896.

Bata trutca koe korikaf dotay re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

Remi kotafa klepa, bro lo nik isu milebik, Luce va nakila is patectoy ke Paris al linger, i va widava is yon wiray.

### Réaumur vawila
Bak 1896 Luce va konaka trutca watson gu Réaumur vawila is inafa remrura al linger.
 
File:Le_percement_de_la_rue_Réaumur_by_Maximilien_Luce,_1896.jpg|*[[Remrura va Réaumur vawila (1) (trutca ke Luce)|Remrura va Réaumur vawila]]* (1896)
File:LE_PERCEMENT_DE_LA_RUE_RÉAUMUR,_PARIS.PNG|*[[Remrura va Réaumur vawila (2) (trutca ke Luce)|Remrura va Réaumur vawila]]* (1896)
File:LA_RUE_RÉAUMUR.PNG|*[[Réaumur vawila (trutca ke Luce)|Réaumur vawila]]* (1896)


## Dere rupec

## Stragela


* Dene Sothebys
* Denise Bazetoux, Maximilien Luce, Catalogue de l'oeuvre peint, Paris, 1986, vol. II, n° 211, yunk- p. 60


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Rói Patursson

**Rói Patursson** tir Foroyaf suterotik. Koe Tórshavn koe Foroya ba 21/09/1947 koblir.

Inafa gadava tir Foroyava. Bak 1986 gu Suterotafo Poradro ke Norden Pirdot icde *Likasum* ezlak zo gabler.

## Blirizva

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Saarnaki

**Saarnaki** tir tana ewala ke Moonsund tursia tigisa koe Balta Bira, vatalte Eestia, davon gerone Hiiumaa ewala.

## Izva is sanelia
Irubasik moe Saarnaki ewala mali XV-eafa decemda bliyid, kali 1973.

## Gallery

File: Saarnaki laid.jpg|
File: Auklaid,_Öakse_laid,_Saarnaki_laid,_Hanikatsi_laid.jpg|
File: Saarnaki 135.jpg
File: Hommik!.jpg
File: Saarnaki parn.JPG
File: Saarnaki-rannaniit.jpg
File: Saarnaki saun.jpg|
File: Saarnaki 287.jpg|
Saga (trutca ke Church)

**Saga** ~ *The Wreck* (EN)

**Saga** (&nbsp;englavon *The Wreck*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 76.2 × 116.84 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Frederic Edwin Church amerikaf lingesik bak 1852.

Bata trutca koe The Parthenon dotay koe Tanarasokeem re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Saga ke Ancon tota (trutca ke Bierstadt)

**Saga ke Ancon tota** ~ *Wreck of the Ancon* (EN)

**Saga ke Ancon tota** (&nbsp;englavon *Wreck of the Ancon*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 35.5 × 50.2 cm-, i puntalingeks keve eluxa skuyun gan Albert Bierstadt amerikaf lingesik bak 1889.

Bata trutca koe *Museum of Fine Arts* tcilaxe ke Boston koe Tanarasokeem re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Saint-Augustin viga, bak brara (trutca ke Caillebotte)

**Saint-Augustin viga, bak brara** ~ *La Place Saint-Augustin, temps brumeux* (FR)

**Saint-Augustin viga, bak brara** (&nbsp;francavon *La Place Saint-Augustin, temps brumeux*&nbsp;) tir trutca  lumkirafa gu 54 × 65 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Gustave Caillebotte francaf lingesik bak 1878.

Bata trutca koe korikaf dotay re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''nudaf patectoy''
Watsa va *nudaf patectoy* va Gustave Caillebotte remi trelafa klepa koswavayar. Ine va konaka trutca oku siatos lingeyer. Tulon grupet :


File:Caillebotte-PontdeL'Europe-Geneva.jpg|Europe za koe Paris
File:Gustave Caillebotte - Paris Street; Rainy Day - Google Art Project.jpg|Nuda ke Paris. Muvasaz (2)
File:Gustave_Caillebotte_-_Rue_de_Paris._Temps_de_pluie_(étude)_-_Musée_Marmottan-Monet.jpg|Nuda ke Paris. Muvasaz (1)
File:Gustave_Caillebotte_-_La_Place_Saint-Augustin,_temps_brumeux.jpg|Saint-Augustin viga, bak brara
File:Gustave_Caillebotte_-_Rue_Halévy,_vue_d'un_sixième_étage.jpg|Halévy nuda, wiks male teveaf vegem
File:Gustave_Caillebotte_Boulevard_des_Italiens.jpg|Italiens bedom
File:Gustave_Caillebotte_-_La_Place_Saint-Georges.jpg|Saint-Georges viga, Paris
File:Gustave_Caillebotte_-_Rue_du_Mont-Cenis,_Montmartre.jpg|Mont-Cenis nuda, Montmartre


## Dere rupec

## Stragela

## Vuestexa

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Saint-Michel etol is wevala ke Paris (trutca ke Luce)

**Saint-Michel etol is wevala ke Paris** ~ *Le quai Saint-Michel et Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris* (FR)

**Saint-Michel etol is wevala ke Paris** (&nbsp;francavon *Le quai Saint-Michel et Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 73 × 60&nbsp;cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Maximilien Luce francaf lingesik bak 1901.

Bata trutca koe Orsay tcilaxe koe Paris (Franca) re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Notre-Dame wevala ke Paris
Bak 1900-1901 Luce va konaka trutca va wevala ke Paris lingeyer.
 
File:Maximilien_Luce_Notre-Dame_de_Paris_1900.jpg|Notre-Dame wevala ke Paris
File:Notre_Dame_by_Maximilien_Luce,_San_Diego_Museum_of_Art.JPG|Wevala ke Paris
File:Maximilien_Luce_-_The_Quai_Saint-Michel_and_Notre-Dame_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|Saint-Michel etol is wevala ke Paris


## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Saint-Paul ikpa is Sainte-Catherine krimpa (trutca ke Pinchon)

**Saint-Paul ikpa is Sainte-Catherine krimpa koe Rouen** ~ *L'avenue Saint-Paul et la Côte Sainte-Catherine, Rouen* (FR)

**Saint-Paul ikpa is Sainte-Catherine krimpa koe Rouen** (&nbsp;francavon *L'avenue Saint-Paul et la Côte Sainte-Catherine, Rouen*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 60 × 76 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Robert Antoine Pinchon francaf lingesik bak 1906. Koe korikaf dotay re tigir (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;).

Bata trutca tir grabom dikis va watsa vas aal, i vas tane gelukafe detce ke Pinchon.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Saint-Romain kazaxo moe Saint-Vivien viga ke Rouen (trutca ke Pinchon)

**Saint-Romain kazaxo moe Saint-Vivien ke Rouen** ~ *La foire Saint-Romain sur la place Saint-Vivien, Rouen* (FR)

**Saint-Romain kazaxo moe Saint-Vivien viga ke Rouen** (&nbsp;francavon *La foire Saint-Romain sur la place Saint-Vivien, Rouen*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 49 × 59.4 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Robert Antoine Pinchon francaf lingesik bak 1905 ik 1906. Koe Paris koe Franca re tigir (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;).

Bata trutca tir grabom dikis va watsa vas widava, i vas tane gelukafe detce ke Pinchon.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Saint-Sulpice za poke Fleurier (trutca ke Courbet)

**Saint-Sulpice za poke Fleurier** ~ *Le Pont de Saint-Sulpice près de Fleurier* (FR)

**Saint-Sulpice za poke Fleurier** (&nbsp;francavon *Le Pont de Saint-Sulpice près de Fleurier*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 65 × 82 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Gustave Courbet francaf lingesik bak 1873.

Bata trutca koe Yambatcilaxe koe Besançon koe Franca re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''patectoy''
Remi klepa, Gustave Courbet va konaka trutca ok konak siatos ke mila trutca watson gu patectoy lingeyer. Lana tid grupepena.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Saint-Tropez molt (trutca ke Luce)

**Saint-Tropez molt** ~ *Le Port de Saint Tropez* (FR)

**Saint-Tropez molt** (&nbsp;francavon *Le Port de Saint Tropez*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 73.7 × 91.4&nbsp;cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Maximilien Luce francaf lingesik bak 1893.

Bata trutca koe korikaf dotay re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

Valey intyona trutca va Seine bost, Luce va konakviele jonvielera koe winka dere katectayar nume ta konaka trutca zo koswavayar. Koe Saint-Tropez, va provencafi afi tulon kosmayar ise ksubeyer, i va afi abegapafi gu Cézanne az jontikar lingesik.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela


* Marina Ferretti Bocquillon, op. cit., p. 131.


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Saint Anthony stoya (trutca ke Bierstadt)

**Saint Anthony stoya** ~ *The Falls of St. Anthony* (EN)

**Saint Anthony stoya** (&nbsp;englavon *The Falls of St. Anthony*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 96.8 × 153.7 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Albert Bierstadt amerikaf lingesik moni 1880.

Bata trutca koe *Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza* tcilaxe ke Madrid koe Espana re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Saint-Louis (Senegala)

**Saint-Louis ewala** (&nbsp;francavon * Île de Saint-Louis*&nbsp;), tir burkaf debak ke Senegala.

Saint-Louis ewala tir tano katcalapafo izvaxo ke tawava nume bak 2000 wetce arayaf debak ke tamavafa gadakiewega ke UNESCO zo bendeyer.

## Ewava va debak

File:St.LouisSenegal.jpg
File:Grande rue de N'dar-Tout-1889.jpg
File:Laptots-Saint-Louis-1898.jpg
File:Pont de Guet-N'Dar.jpg
File:1942 Saint Louis Senegal map US Army.jpg
File:Saint-Louis,Senegal. Senegal River.Shoreline.jpg
File:Island of Saint-Louis-113797.jpg
File:Saint-Louis du Senegal - Rue (2).JPG
File:Saint-Louis, Senegal. Street. Harmattan.jpg
File:Saintlouis ile pecheur2.jpg
File:Saint-Louis-du-Sénégal.JPG


## Vuestexa


* (fr) Abdoul Hadir Aïdara, *Saint-Louis du Sénégal d'hier à aujourd'hui*, Grandvaux, 2004, 143 p., ISBN 2-909550-43-5
* (fr) Camille Camara, *Saint-Louis du Sénégal. Évolution d’une ville en milieu africain*, Dakar, IFAN, 1968, 292 p.
* (en) Lucy Ann Gallistel Colvin, *Kajor and its diplomatic relations with Saint-Louis-du-Sénégal, 1763-1861*, PhD, University of Columbia, 1972, 460 p. 
* (fr) Serigne Matar Ka, *Devenir d'un patrimoine architectural et urbain d'une ville en mutation : Saint-Louis du Sénégal*, Université d'Aix Marseille, 2012, 361p.
* (fr) Nathalie Reyss, *Saint-Louis du Sénégal à l’époque précoloniale. L’émergence d’une société métisse originale 1658-1854*, Université de Paris I, 1983
* (fr) Alain Sinou, *Comptoirs et villes coloniales du Sénégal : Saint-Louis, Gorée, Dakar*, Paris, Karthala, 1999, 344 p., ISBN 2865373932
* (fr) Abdoul Sow, *L'île de Saint-Louis du Sénégal, formes spatiales et formes sociales : destinées d'une ville*, Université Paris X, 2008, 345 p.
* (fr) Mamadou Wade, *Croissance urbaine de Saint-Louis du Sénégal de 1789 à 1902*, Université de Bordeaux III, 1982
* (fr) François Zuccarelli, « Les maires de Saint-Louis et de Gorée de 1816 à 1872 », in *Bulletin de l'IFAN*, série B, n° 3, 1973
* (en) Jones (Hilary), *The Métis of Senegal. Urban life and politics in French West Africa*, Bloomington and Indianapolis, Indiana University Press, 2013, XI + 276 p.
* (en) Michael David Marcson, *European-African interaction in the Precolonial Period: Saint-Louis-Senegal 1758-1854*, PhD, Princeton University, 1976, IX-311 p.
* (en) Karen Amanda Sackur, *The development of creole society and culture in Saint Louis and Goree, 1719-1817*, PhD, University of London, 1999, 351 p.


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Saint John koe govitaxo (trutca ke Thomas Cole)

**Saint John koe govitaxo** ~ *Landscape Composition: Saint John in the Wilderness* (EN)

**Saint John koe govitaxo** (&nbsp;englavon *Landscape Composition: Saint John in the Wilderness*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 91.4&nbsp;×&nbsp;73.5&nbsp;cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Thomas Cole amerikaf lingesik bak 1827.

Bata trutca koe Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art koe Hartford (Tanarasokeem) re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela


* Tcilafa vuestexa


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Sainte-Chapelle uja (trutca ke Luce)

**Sainte-Chapelle uja** ~ *La Sainte-Chapelle* (FR)

**Sainte-Chapelle uja** (&nbsp;francavon *La Sainte-Chapelle*&nbsp;) tir trutca, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Maximilien Luce francaf lingesik bak 1901.

Bata trutca koe *Art Institute of Chicago* koe Chicago (Tanarasokeem) re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

Remi kotafa klepa, bro lo nik isu milebik, Luce va nakila is patectoy ke Paris al linger, i va widava is yon wiray.

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Sainte-Victoire mefta (trutca ke Cézanne 01)

**Sainte-Victoire mefta male Bellevue** ~ *Montagne Sainte-Victoire vue de Bellevue* (FR)

**Sainte-Victoire mefta male Bellevue** (&nbsp;francavon *Montagne Sainte-Victoire vue de Bellevue*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 73 × 92 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Paul Cézanne francaf lingesik bak 1885. Koe Barnes Foundation koe Philadelphia koe Tanarasokeem re tigir (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;).

Bata trutca tir patectoyaf lingeks, ke tane gelukafe detce ke Cézanne (&nbsp;loa 60 grupena trutca icde bata watsa vas adalafa Sainte-Victoire mefta tigisa poke Aix-en-Provence widava vagee Franca&nbsp;).

## Pimtara
Sainte-Victoire mefta zo kaatoer. Keve taneaf azent, va orikakusaf is blafotakramtukaf ruxeem dem abice varkukafe raporxe is zaipaxo talte sine wit. Keve toleaf azent, va yona mona tite meftava is zapa vamoe Arc krant rone trutca kozwit. Ise tere keve ironokaf azent, va Sainte-Victoire jaka dem ruxaf lip keraf is varkukaf is va faltaf kelt dem kona rujod voke mefta.

Paul Cézanne va bat grabom bak 1885 linger edje koe Gardanne poke Aix-en-Provence tir inkeyene. Sainte-Victoire mefta tisa gabotenafa koe anamef patectoy male inafa mona tir rowina.

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Sainte-Victoire mefta (trutca ke Cézanne 05)

**Sainte-Victoire mefta is zapa vamoe reme Arc krant** ~ *Montagne Sainte-Victoire et le Viaduc de la vallée de l'Arc* (FR)

**Sainte-Victoire mefta is zapa vamoe reme Arc krant** (&nbsp;francavon *Montagne Sainte-Victoire et le Viaduc de la vallée de l'Arc*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 65.4 × 81.6 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Paul Cézanne francaf lingesik bak 1885-1887. Koe Metropolitan Museum of Art koe New York koe Tanarasokeem re tigir (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;).

Bata trutca tir patectoyaf lingeks, ke tane gelukafe detce ke Cézanne (&nbsp;loa 60 grupena trutca icde bata watsa vas adalafa Sainte-Victoire mefta tigisa poke Aix-en-Provence widava vagee Franca&nbsp;).

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Sainte-Victoire mefta (trutca ke Cézanne 12)

**Vawa kabdue Sainte-Victoire mefta** ~ *Route devant la Montagne Sainte-Victoire* (FR)

**Vawa kabdue Sainte-Victoire mefta** (&nbsp;francavon *Route devant la Montagne Sainte-Victoire*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 78 × 99 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Paul Cézanne francaf lingesik bak 1898-1902. Koe Ermitage tcilaxe ke Sankt-Peterburg koe Rossia re tigir (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;).

Bata trutca tir patectoyaf lingeks, ke tane gelukafe detce ke Cézanne (&nbsp;loa 60 grupena trutca icde bata watsa vas adalafa Sainte-Victoire mefta tigisa poke Aix-en-Provence widava vagee Franca&nbsp;).

Ar siatos ke milatrutca milugale lingeyena krulder. 

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Sak ke drasuyun ugal (trutca ke Pinchon)

**Sak ke drasuyun ugal** ~ *Le Vallon du temps perdu* (FR)

**Sak ke drasuyun ugal** (&nbsp;francavon *Le Vallon du temps perdu*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 73 × 92 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Robert Antoine Pinchon francaf lingesik. Koe Philadelphia Museum of Art koe Philadelphia re tigir (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;).

Bata trutca tir grabom dikis va watsa vas patectoy is taya, i vas tane gelukafe detce ke Pinchon.

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Salome dem taka ke Giovanni Battista (trutca ke Gentileschi)

**Salome dem taka ke Giovanni Battista** ~ *Salomè con la testa di San Giovanni Battista* (IT)

**Salome dem taka ke Giovanni Battista** (&nbsp;italiavon *Salomè con la testa di San Giovanni Battista*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 84 × 92 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Artemisia Gentileschi italiaf lingesik moni 1610-1615.

Bata trutca koe Szépművészeti Múzeum tcilaxe koe Budapest koe Magyara re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

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Salonga

**Salonga vedeyaf gerd** (&nbsp;francavon *Parc national de la Salonga*&nbsp;), tir burkaf debak ke Sokasanerotifa Kongoa.

Salonga vedeyaf gerd tir tano katcalapafo tuwavaxo ke tawava nume bak 1984 wetce arayaf debak ke tamavafa gadakiewega ke UNESCO zo bendeyer.

Bat debak re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) bevular iyelaf.

## Ewava va debak

File:Bonobo.jpg|Bonobo jidol, tana nendana katca
File:Loxodontacyclotis.jpg|Aalaf fuzol
File:Crocodylus_cataphractus_faux-gavial_d'Afrique.JPG|Afrikaf negovuk
File:Congo Peafowl 456.jpg|Kongoaf gelang


## Vuestexa

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Salvadora

**Salvadora** tir patectama ke Istefa Amerika, dem antaf welfalentor kene Pacifika Welfa. Kelu tir San Salvador iste patecta.

## Tawavopa

## Ristusa grustara

## Sanelia

## Araya
### Suteroteem
Salvator Rosa remgudasa va tozekik (trutca ke Thomas Cole)

**Salvator Rosa remgudasa va tozekik** ~ *Salvator Rosa Sketching Banditti* (EN)

**Salvator Rosa remgudasa va tozekik** (&nbsp;englavon *Salvator Rosa Sketching Banditti*&nbsp;) tir trutcapa lumkirafa gu 17.78&nbsp;×&nbsp;24.13&nbsp;cm-, i puntalingeks keve inta skuyun gan Thomas Cole amerikaf lingesik bak 1832-1840.

Bata trutca koe Museum of Fine Arts koe Boston koe Boston (Tanarasokeem) re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela


* Tcilafa vuestexa


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Samara

**Samara** (rossiavon *Самара*) tir widava ke europafa Rossia is widot ke Samara winka.

Inafa sanelia tiyir vas 1 169 719 irubasik bak 2017. 

## Debala
Samara kentalte Volga bost kovoon ice Samara kuksa, gerone Moskva arte 860 km- tigir.

## Tawavopa
 

## Izva
Widava bak 1586 winugon zo zabduyur. Wali 1935 is 1991 inaf yolt tiyir Kuybicev.

## Dere rupec

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Salome dem taka ke Battista (1) (trutca ke Caravaggio)

**Salome dem taka ke Battista** ~ *Salomè con la testa del Battista* (IT)

**Salome dem taka ke Battista** (&nbsp;italiavon *Salomè con la testa del Battista*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 116 x 140 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio italiaf lingesik bak 1609.

Bata trutca koe Gazafa berma koe Madrid koe Espana re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### ''Toleafa rekola ke Napoli''
Grabomeem ke Caravaggio kare widava ok jafasik zo gipular. Kare widava lize tigiyir ise rokobayar, lingeropa ke Caravaggio va lana tanuca nediyir. Klepa ke Caravaggio tiyir tcilafa numen batdume mana pulara wan tir ebockafa


File:Salomé con la cabeza del Bautista (Caravaggio).jpg|Salome dem taka ke Battista (1)
File:CaravaggioSalomeLondon.jpg|Salome dem taka ke Battista (2)
File:The Denial of Saint Peter-Caravaggio (1610).jpg|Kaagdera ke Pietro tumtikye
File:Michelangelo Caravaggio 018.jpg|Davide dem taka ke Golia (2)
File:Caravaggio-Baptist-reclining.jpg|Senyese Giovanni Battista tumtikye
File:Caravaggio Baptist Galleria Borghese, Rome.jpg|Giovanni Battista tumtikye
File:Martyrdom of Saint Ursula by Caravaggio - Palazzo Zevallos.jpg|Awalkodayura ke Orsola tumtikya


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Sambre kuksa koe Charleroi (trutca ke Luce)

**Sambre kuksa koe Charleroi** ~ *La Sambre à Charleroi* (FR)

**Sambre kuksa koe Charleroi** (&nbsp;francavon *La Sambre à Charleroi*&nbsp;) tir trutca, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Maximilien Luce francaf lingesik bak 1896.

Bata trutca koe Chazen Museum of Art koe Madison (Tanarasokeem) re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

Luce ko Belga koyayar, tulon ko Borinage gola toriyoltkirafa gu *Ebeltaxo*, i ko gola dem yeldaxo is yantanyofaxe is vikiz is omaf kelt. Bata jonvielera va enkap dem gijarotifa is geltrevafa trutca di koswavayar. Inafi afi tuorikaweyer.

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Samoa

**Samoa** tir tursiafa patecta ke taltefa Oceania, ke Polinesia gola, dem Apia kelu koe Upolu ewala.

## Ristusa grustara
:→ Upolu ewala
:→ Savai'i ewala
:→ Manono ewala
:→ Apolima ewala
:→ Amerikafa Samoa

## Vuestexa
Samuel Wallis

**Samuel Wallis** ( 1728-1795 ) ~ Britanaf vestasik va Pacifika Welfa.

Samuel Wallis tiyir englaf kotgrupaf totasik bak toleafu acku ke 18-eafa decemda.

In do Philip Carteret ko Pacifika Welfa mallapir aze va Tahiti tursia kosmar.

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Samuel de Champlain

**Samuel de Champlain** ( 1574-1635 ) ~ Francaf vestasik va Amerika

Samuel de Champlain tiyir Francaf kotgrupaf vestasik isu tuboniasik bak toza ke XVII-eafa decemda.

Vestara va Saint-Laurent bost is kosmara va Champlain uzda isu Huron koe Kanada.

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San Isidro (Costarika)

**San Isidro** tir widavama valente Costarika, koe Heredia winka, is widot ke San Isidro utca.

Rone Heredia arte 8 km- tigir, vane Zurquí tculk.

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