open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Liwot va Lisboa (Civitatis orbis terrarum)

**Liwot va Lisboa** ~ *[[Civitatis orbis terrarum]]* liwotak, 1598

**[[Lisboa]]** tir kelu ke Portugala. Liwot vey zovdomaks gan yoltiskaf liwotopik.

Yolt ke Lisboa tir vey savsavafo Olissippo dile dere yoltayano gu Ulysippo sedme vund ke wid co zabduyun gan Ulysses koe Ibera. Romafo boniaxo mali 205 kali 407, gan Alarico is Wesgoten sane mali 505 az Arab sersik mali 711 azon zo kereleyer. Bak arabafa felira, widava gu *Al-Oshbuna* ok *Lashbuna* zo yoltar, kali olgalicura ke Afonso Henriques bak 1147.

Widava gan Viking zierdasik dere zo tukosayar, voxen viele Afonso I va Estremadura is Alentejo kopatcetayar, pune widava fu tiyir tela bocafa levrotina arti deblamera tiskiyisa va konak aksat edje taneaf gazik ke Portugala gan francaf is englaf alkagejik lakis van Roneka zo pomayar.

Islamevafa ervolia bak 1184 kiewatciskon dere dilfuyud. Bak 1373 cugak ke wid gan milk ke Castilla zo vilayar. Tison veytujradaxo bak 1390, Lisboa bak 1422 dere vanpiyir debak ke bowere. Remi XVI-eafa decemda, va kuluca is cuisuca tuke gijarotiuca ke portugalafo birafo gindaxo koe India is Sumefa Roneka is Afrika grupeyer. Wali 1580 is 1640, bal kokurenuca ke Espana is Portugala, Lisboa anton bam tiyir golafu kelu. Voxen wori *Grande y Felicísima Armada* birervolia to mal inafa bepra van Engla bak 1588 zo stakseyer.

Tadle ke Lisboa bak romafe az islamevafe sare nelkon tiyir lani ki ke widava yoltakirafi gu Alfama tit São Jorge lamone, i tit savsafi arabafi widaki betatani gu ralma is sayakaxe. Prostewa miwar da Sé Patriarcal wevala bokayana bak 1150 gan Afonso I xanton tiyir mazjida. Kidayana gan ruftara ke 1334, bak 1380 gire zo vegeduyur. Ke aryona cugexa rowina moe bat gretcaks, va São Vicente de Fora uja evlon gu XII-eafa decemda zo wit, is va Nossa Senhora do Monte amuda is Nossa Senhora da Graça uja evlon gu XVI-eafa decemda. Truminda vegeduyuna bak 1375 gan Fernando I kene titon warzafa widava tigid, van Praça bepradoma.

Kan noafa totara moe Tajo bost, bat gretcaks va idjafa tirka ke Lisboa vanmiae glupafo gindaxo ke bane sare divrozar. Inafa gijorotiuca zo kagrupeyer viele Alexander VI papik bak 1502 va semek vas «&nbsp;Jiomik ke olgalicura is totara is kazara do India is Ityopia is Araba is Farsa&nbsp;» pu Manuel I (&nbsp;1469-1521&nbsp;) kaxaayar.

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Liwot va London (Civitatis orbis terrarum)

**Liwot va London** ~ *[[Civitatis orbis terrarum]]* liwotak, 1572

London tir widava ke Britana. Liwot vey drasuyun zovdom ke ayoltik skuyun moni 1547-1559.

Fenkus va taneafa karba ke *Civitates* neva, London zo dalinger wetce «&nbsp;savsapafa widava, tigisa koe lobodafa is loluvedafa azeka ke kotafa Engla, koe Middlesex gola, kenlente Thames bost [...], miv glupafa is dem katcalafa gasta is dere cuisafe lamone yoltkirafe gu *Rasek*. Va intyona wafafa kolna is san-toloya adlutafa uja dere romilmur. Abrotcapafa raporafa za daykesa moe jontik swalek gu geefa domega ke bost kagluyar. Vokefa monama va kerdela ke glabafa vawila lodam tela ke za kristed [...]. Isen Thames bost va kota kulaca is aultove dem kotindafa kiewega mal kotrafa tamava banliz lostar...&nbsp;».

Bat taneaf pintaf liwot tir vey zovdom dem tol-sanoy eluxok goxe re drasuyun, vaxe toloya gretcayana pozla kaatoesa va Finsbury revava isu City lente davon London Bridge za. Trakut da sina wali 1547 is 1559 zo skuyud.

Bat liwot tir tel logubef va London prostelayon gu Tudor, nedis va sagackafa wira va City is Westminster is Southwark moni 1550. Migexeem va varuca ke kolnayan welmot dem sanelia vas loon 200&nbsp;000 irubasik men kimayar ; Portsoken revava isu Bishopsgate isu Cripplegate isu Aldersgate isu Farringdon, i eem ixam divlizepes kaike migexeem. Gasta aname vawapeem domakiraf gu kolna mal widava avplekuweyed. Lurd ke sokexepe is berma kengee Thames bost wale City is Westminster van Charing Cross divlizeyed.

Southwark vome Thames bost bak 1550 katecton gu dimdolera va baroyo gazafo indxo gu London zo kowidavayar. Porfeon, inafa vartuca ke revava dem wenyaxe is gruspeckeno suskexo nekev sugara va stujera jontikedje di acagiyir. Biwe talte bat seg, va yona tciumba ta doaliera ke rupol ok vakol rowit.

Gostragana dulapaca tir da konaka tawavopafa pinta tid mali abdipafa evla beka zovdom bak 1572 zo sanegayar, tulon tceka ke Saint-Paul uja (&nbsp;batlize iste gretcaks&nbsp;) nek vilayana bak 1561. Toloy titef xutaks va kazafa tegira ke London pimtad, loplekuson va viaguca gu nelkaf vergumvelt ke bat liwot rokalkotavan gu «&nbsp;London, kelu ke trigapafo gazaxo ke Engla.&nbsp;» Tel taltef va migexenjafa Steelyard revava talte London Bridge za divrozar ; wetce londonaf play ke Hansa gluyista, va lana dulapera mu germanaf belisik va *Civitates* rodikir kiren inaf parloesik va konak gogol al lajuvideyed vieli Elizabeth I tuneyer.

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Liwot va Metz (Civitatis orbis terrarum)

**Liwot va Metz** ~ *[[Civitatis orbis terrarum]]* liwotak, 1575

Metz tir widava ke Franca. Liwot vey zovdomaks gan **Sebastian Münster** skuyun moni 1550.

Metz foalkafa widava dun tiyir zolonopafa mu jowafa gola lentrone Franca. Bat gretcaks va savsafa rebavega ke widava nedir. Bata rebavega bak 1550 gu migexa zo ikaplekuyur, is gu toza ke widaki talteon.

Widava gan romik ton *Divodurum* yolt zo grupeyer, ise banugale tiyir kelu ke Mediomatrici grelt, numen *Metz* yolt di zo danteyer. Caesar wetce tana losavsafa is lozolonafa widava ke Gallia vaon al pimtar. Romik folkayeyed aze gu lava kan lavanarilt vaneksayad ise va jontika dopewa isu kolavaxe is fult vegeduyud. Mone istexo ke bat gretcaks, va ki ke romafe dre ke widava ware roconyukat. Vawa kagluyasa va Metz gu Toul is Langres is Lyon is Strasbourg is Verdun is Reims is Trier evlon gu bane sare tid. Kristeva va widava bak III-eafa decemda kofiyir.

Bak V-eafa decemda, widava gan Hun saneik ke Attila zo guineyer, aze di vanpiyir digiks ke Franc sanexo is kelu ke Austrasia gazaxo. Ba walzilira va Carolus gazaxo bak 1843, Metz pu Lothar zo getcayar ise vanpiyir kelu ke Lorraina gazaxo. Tujradik vamoegon di yordayad. Tucpastaxo is mon tol-sanoya uja zo kolnayad. Moni 888 Yud doda exoneweyer, azon moni 1000 baroyo kazaxo zo kizeyed.

Bak XIII-eafa decemda, Metz va gogol ke gindafa nuyawidava seotayar, numen batcoba va laumasira va kazafa triguca jupayar, tulapon kan oksifa raba. Metz bak 1552-1553 gan Alkafabdura zo kofiyir voxe moi kevrojura ke François de Guise kev Karl V gan Franca gazaxo zo kopatectayar. Azon ema ke Metz gu tela ke winkawidava zo irutayar numen sanelia male 60&nbsp;000 irubasik kal 20&nbsp;000 kastaweyer.

Metz kene Moselle kovoon gu Seille kuksa tigir, arte mon 160 km- lenttalte Strasbourg. Kuksa koo konaka riskeda va widava konir, inde gretcaks nedir. Rowit da wid kan sanoy tuvel zo kalsuyur : tel logranaf roneon tiyir Allemands tuvel (&nbsp; 4-e otuk&nbsp;), kolnayan bak 1445. Goth wevala (&nbsp;12-e otuk, isteon&nbsp; ) bak XIII-eafa decemda zo bokayar aze bak 1546 winugon zo taneasteyer.

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Liwot va Napoli (Civitatis orbis terrarum)

**Liwot va Napoli** ~ *[[Civitatis orbis terrarum]]* liwotak, 1572

Napoli tir widava ke Italia. Liwot vey zovdomaks gan **Antonio Lafreri** skuyun moni 1566.

Mali lekeugal, sposuca ke Napoli tir oye burkafa tirka idjon ice pargalu, valeve Vesuvio tculk tigis arte 13 km-.

Napoli tir savsapaf wid. Sedme Titus Livius (&nbsp;-64/17&nbsp;), Palaeopolis (&nbsp;*Guazawidava*&nbsp;) moni -600 gan irubasik ke Cumes zo exoneyer, i ke Cumes tigis talte 19 km- is tis losavsafo ellasafo boniaxo, reduyuno moni -800. Bak -328 zauzeteson va inyona faspara va intafo vangluyano boniaxo ke Campania, romik va Palaeopolis cidayad.

Bak -V-eafa decemda, boniasik rontion mal Ellasa va Neapolis (&nbsp;*Warzawidava*&nbsp;) zabduyud, moe lujorus azed ; conyuta moe bat gretcaks zo katrasir. Mana azedera gan grabom ke Ippodamos ke Miletos rotir zo koswavayar, i ke ellasaf vegeduropik ke V-eafa decemda askiyis va widavaf bolk omavon gu enk dem rontafa nuda bidon gamdasa. Moni -400, widava wetce skapafa kelu ke Campania anamstegeyer aze vanpiyir bak -82 *municipium* ristulaxo ke Roma, moi xaara is girefa torsara gan milk ke Sulla. Mali azafa sanda, Napoli vanpiyir teco birafo kolavaxo mu romaf oluikeem, don Licinius Lucullus is Pompeius is Calpurnius Piso is Iulius Caesar is Vergilius.

Dum koe aryon wid ke Europa, napolif selt vas vamoefa pula dem oliuk is kulaf dolekik (&nbsp;*milizia*&nbsp;), is mialukafa konolerokafa pula, is valevefa pula (&nbsp;*popolo*&nbsp;) dem moraf dolesik is yambudik ruldayar. Kota kazafa tegiraca va lana tuaptana vawila iku revava istfiyir. Divef dolekik va intafo tegiraxo dadiyid.

Bak VI-eafa decemda, rictula ko nuba ke tujradik deaweyer. Bak VIII-eafa decemda, Napoli vanpiyir dacaxo aze mali XII-eafa decemda gan konaka amidafa divefa gijarotiaca zo gadeyer. Lobata va inafe dre webeyed voxen abiccoba ta bolkafa azedera va wid zo skuyur. Prostelayon gu Aragona, bitonafa divlaumasira va wid zo skuyur, artplekuson va kruldes lujorus azed. Aryona kobavera va deokara va kria is merowin gentim is kot kaikiak, is va vegedura va lavanarilt is yon sul isu gamdotafa viga, is kolnara va bermapa ta gazafa ristula, is va warzafa conyukara va folkay is truminda  mukotayad. Moe bat gretcaks to bat wid gire tezodayan wali 1488 is 1499 nelkon zo atoer.

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Liwot va Bruxelles (Civitatis orbis terrarum)

**Liwot va Bruxelles** ~ *[[Civitatis orbis terrarum]]* liwotak, 1572

Bruxelles tir widava ke Belga. Liwot vey zovdomaks gan ** Lodovico Guicciardini bak 1567**.

Bat liwot va anamkarsafe anambe is dere konaka mantarsafa vawila nedir. Bat grabom ke Braun is Hogenberg va jontik piskusik kali XVII-eafa decemda soe turestayar. Ostik konaka tawovopafa pinta nutid male tanuskaf nubasuteks sutelayan moni 1550 gan Jacob van Deventer.

Trakut da yolt ke bat wid tir vey *Broeksele*, i vey wida kolnayana voke klape ke Senne kuksa. To bak VIII-eafa decemda taneatomon zo miwayar. Remi toloya direfa decemda, inafa dolekafa dreema loloon tuzolonawed vieli va telyona ke Gent tukevlad, i ke Gent tigis talte 60 km-. Bak 1312, Brabant dacik va irubasikeem ke Bruxelles efayar. Bak 1357, lomantafe anambe zo kolnayar, belcon kodoplekuse va konak tawamidun nyosalot is widavafa rea. Bate anambe kali rekola ke Belgafa Artowara (&nbsp;1830-1831&nbsp;) riwe guspaweter. Bak 1383, Brabant dacik va aboyikeem mal Leuven ko Bruxelles arbureyer. Inafa sanelia gu mon 50 000 irubasik banugale zo uldiner.

Bak 1420, ravalduga ke dreemeem kan *Efaya ke Lerdoy Cos* zo vertotar, ise Brabant dacik va intafa berma (&nbsp;17-e otuk moe bat zovdom&nbsp;) poke debak ke witafa Gazafa Viga volmiv kolnayar. Ara zolonafa cugexa batlize zo dalinged, tulon Dotaxe (&nbsp;51-e otuk&nbsp;) keve Vigapa, isteon. Va mugxo is etoleem kene domega ke Senne kuksa dere rodizvet, batcoba vrutasa va skapafa gijarotiuca ke Bruxelles bal XVI-eafa decemda.

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Liwot va Budapest (Civitatis orbis terrarum)

**Liwot va Budapest** ~ *[[Civitatis orbis terrarum]]* liwotak, 1617

Budapest tir kelu ke Magyara. Liwot vey zovdomaks gan **Georg Hoefnagel**.

Izva ke Budapest tir tela ke toloya widava, i Buda is Pest, zabduyuna  Duna (&nbsp;Danubius&nbsp;) bost. Buda kene  domega gan romik yolton gu *Aquincum* bak II-eafa decemda zo exoneyer aze gan Hun saneik bak 376 zo vangiyir. Xanta ke Pest wan tir tapedafa : trakut da inaf yolt tir vey *pestj* *Slava* trogarn sugdalakiraf gu *teyxo*, batcoba battode co bazesa va savsavafo pemaxo ke Slava sane kene bata domega ke bost. Magyarik kaiki intafa olgalicura bak X-eafa decemda va toloy yolt di videyed.

Taneafa uzera va kristeva tid ke XI-eafa decemda. Bak 1241 Pest gan Mongol saneik zo anamvilayar aze wetce mivvexafa gazafa widava gan Bela IV zo dimvegeduyur. Remi konaka direfa decemda, nekev izgara ke Buda digisa va granfa ralma is gazafa berma, Pest triguyur.

Vegedura va ralma bak 1247 gazon gu Bela IV zo tozuyur aze ogluk ke divlizera ke Buda rea tadleyer aze bak 1361 vanpir kelu ke Magyara. Berma gan Sigismund von Luxemburg az Hunyadi Mátyás (&nbsp;Matthias Corvinus&nbsp;) wali 1458 is 1490 zo tugijayar. Moe bat zovdom gu *Arx et Palatium Regium* (&nbsp;B eltay&nbsp;) zo yoltar. Bak 1526 turkik va Pest guineyed numen Buda vanpiyir sokexo ke lizukaf bowesik wali 1541 is 1686. Remi turkafa felira, titaytcura ke Pest tiyir riwe kotafa numen rawaks anton ware tigiyid viele tolgenisik bak 1686-1687 div Magyara di zo aloyayad. Inafa gogolkirafa tirka gamdon ice konaka kazafa vawapa noveyer da widava soe di kamadaweyer. Bak 1723, tiyir sokexo ke magyaraf oluikeem is flibapikeem.

Széchenyi za wale toloya widava, i grabom ke William Tierney Clark englaf dritik, bak anton 1842 zo vegeduyur : tela awisa moe bat gretcaks tir tulacka ke ezasa za.

Bat wiks va toloy wid sareon gu turkafa felira nedir. Loa uja dum *Templum olim Divae Virginis nunc Meskita* (&nbsp;moni 1500&nbsp;) batlize pebudon gu C, gu mazjida banugale al zo artazukayad. Isen, wetce tupizara va bati tegi ko gesta ke kristevaf saneg ke *Civitates orbis terrarum*, toloy koredik koe taneafa azenta tid bluctekiraf cavon gu turkik.

Koe pimtara va Budapest, Braun va mek sisk frayer : *«&nbsp;Bat wid kotugale al tir mard ke gazafa sona ke Magyara... Inafa ilamkafa berma, i oklaca ke bat cos, tir riwe tanafa koe Europa, pilkovon intaf rasek kotafion is karamoavon jowikas... Inafa nelkafa uja poron gu gadikya ke Lorik gan Geza gazik isu Ladislas zo kolnayar. Listafa meftava lente berma ticeon tigir lize turkik va folkay re al renzad ise va virutsa al inked. Gelkeon bata meftava tiyir yoltkirafa gu Sankt Gerhardtsberg dem uja emudesa va befoltik bak tulon keftakolugal.. Re islamevafa aklaca anton tigid. Kene bana domega ke Duna, lente Buda, Buda mivvexaf wid vokewer, idjon ice bodafa azeka dem katcalafa matela isu baspexo. Dun arubat da bat toloy wid is anamef patectoy koe nubeem ke turkaf olgalicusik tid lubeyes.&nbsp;»*

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Liwura (trutca ke Caillebotte)

**Liwura** ~ *La Partie de bésigue* (FR)

**Liwura** (&nbsp;francavon *La Partie de bésigue*&nbsp;) tir trutca  lumkirafa gu 121 × 161 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Gustave Caillebotte francaf lingesik bak 1881.

Bata trutca koe Musée du Louvre koe Abu Dhabi koe Imarata re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''oxifa nakila''
Watsa va *oxifa nakila* va Gustave Caillebotte remi trelafa klepa koswavayar. Ine va konaka trutca oku siatos lingeyer. Tulon grupet :


File:CasinCaillebotte.jpg|Delt koe tawaday
File:Gustave_Caillebotte_-_La_Leçon_de_piano_-_Musée_Marmottan-Monet.jpg|Klawusa tavera
File:La-partie-de-bésigue.jpg|Liwura
File:G._Caillebotte_-_Dans_un_café.jpg|Koe zazda
File:G._Caillebotte_-_Intérieur.jpg|Koexo
File:G._Caillebotte_-_Jeune_homme_au_piano.jpg|Yikye klawuse
File:G._Caillebotte_-_Le_déjeuner.jpg|Miafizestura


## Dere rupec

## Stragela

## Vuestexa

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Liwusik (trutca ke Caravaggio)

**Liwusik** ~ *I bari* (IT)

**Liwusik** (&nbsp;italiavon *I bari*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 94 × 131 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio italiaf lingesik bak 1594.

Bata trutca koe Kimbell Art tcilaxe koe Fort Worth koe Tanarasokeem re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### ''Toza''
Grabomeem ke Caravaggio kare widava ok jafasik zo gipular. Kare widava lize tigiyir ise rokobayar, lingeropa ke Caravaggio va lana tanuca nediyir. Klepa ke Caravaggio tiyir tcilafa numen batdume mana pulara wan tir ebockafa


File:CARAVAGGIO, A boy peeling fruit (1593).jpg|Sardikye balsalmase va ilt
File:Bacchino malato (Caravaggio).jpg|Jotaf Bacchus awalkes
File:Boy with a Basket of Fruit-Caravaggio (1593).jpg|Sardikye dem kita dem ilt
File:The Fortune Teller-Caravaggio (Rome).jpg|Balireizusik (1)
File:The Cardsharps.jpg|Liwusik


## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Lizimeltasiko poke Charleroi (trutca ke Luce)

**Lizimeltasiko poke Charleroi** ~ *La locomotive, environs de Charleroi* (FR)

**Lizimeltasiko poke Charleroi** (&nbsp;francavon *La locomotive, environs de Charleroi*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 45.4 × 65.3&nbsp;cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Maximilien Luce francaf lingesik bak moni 1896.

Bata trutca koe korikaf dotay re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

Luce ko Belga koyayar, tulon ko Borinage gola toriyoltkirafa gu Ebeltaxo, i ko gola dem yeldaxo is yantanyofaxe is vikiz is omaf kelt. Bata jonvielera va enkap dem gijarotifa is geltrevafa trutca di koswavayar. Inafi afi tuorikaweyer.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela


* Dene Sothebys


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Lofta (Chroicocephalus)

**Lofta (Chroicocephalus)** tir tani oxi ke *Laridae* yasa vey *Charadriiformes* veem. Gan Eyton bak 1836 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem katceem
Sedme vuestesa pulara ke Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba (&nbsp;2.2 siatos, 2009&nbsp;), 11 katca zo vertokad :
**Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus*
**Chroicocephalus bulleri*
**Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus*
**Chroicocephalus genei*
**Chroicocephalus hartlaubii*
**Chroicocephalus maculipennis*
**Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae*
**Chroicocephalus philadelphia*
**Chroicocephalus ridibundus*
**Chroicocephalus saundersi*
**Chroicocephalus scopulinus*

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba : *Chroicocephalus* is *Charadriiformes*
* (en) vuest- : Alan P. Peterson : *Chroicocephalus* is *Charadriiformes*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : *Chroicocephalus* (Eyton, 1836)
* (en) vuest- : Fauna Europaea : *Chroicocephalus*
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Chroicocephalus*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Chroicocephalus*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Chroicocephalus*
* (fr+en) vuest- : CITES : *Chroicocephalus*
Lofta (Ichthyaetus)

**Lofta (Ichthyaetus)** tir tani oxi ke *Laridae* yasa vey *Charadriiformes* veem. Gan Kaup bak 1829 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem katceem
Sedme vuestesa pulara ke Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba (&nbsp;2.2 siatos, 2009&nbsp;), 6 katca zo vertokad :
**Ichthyaetus audouinii*
**Ichthyaetus hemprichii*
**Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus*
**Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus*
**Ichthyaetus melanocephalus*
**Ichthyaetus relictus*

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba : *Ichthyaetus* is *Charadriiformes*
* (en) vuest- : Alan P. Peterson : *Ichthyaetus* is *Charadriiformes*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : *Ichthyaetus* (Kaup, 1829)
* (en) vuest- : Fauna Europaea : *Ichthyaetus*
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Ichthyaetus*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Ichthyaetus*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Ichthyaetus*
* (fr+en) vuest- : CITES : *Ichthyaetus*
Lofta (Laridae)

**Lofta (Laridae)** tir tana yasa ke *Charadriiformes* veem. Gan Rafinesque bak 1815 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem oxieem
Sedme vuestesa pulara ke Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba (&nbsp;2.2 siatos, 2009&nbsp;), 22 oxi zo vertokad :

|-
| 1
| Krepay (Anous)
| *Anous* (Stephens, 1826)
| 
Noddytern.jpg

|

|-
| 2
| Krepay (Gygis)
| *Gygis* (Wagler, 1832)
| 
White_Tern.JPG

|

|-
| 3
| Krepayiz (Rynchops)
| *Rynchops* (Linnaeus, 1758)
| 
Rynchops_niger2.jpg

|

|-
| 4
| Lofta (Creagrus)
| *Creagrus* (Bonaparte, 1854)
| 
Creagrus_furcatus_-Galapagos_Islands-8.jpg

|

|-
| 5
| Lofta (Rissa)
| *Rissa* (Stephens 1826)
| 
Kittiwake.jpg

|

|-
| 6
| Lofta (Pagophila)
| *Pagophila* (Kaup 1829)
| 
Ivory_Gull_Portrait.jpg

|

|-
| 7
| Lofta (Xema)
| *Xema* (Leach, 1819)
| 
Larus_sabini.jpg

|

|-
| 8
| Lofta (Chroicocephalus)
| *Chroicocephalus* (Eyton, 1836)
| 
Larus_cirrocephalus.jpg

|

|-
| 9
| Lofta (Hydrocoloeus)
| *Hydrocoloeus* (Kaup, 1829)
| 
Littlegull75.jpg

|

|-
| 10
| Lofta (Rhodostethia)
| *Rhodostethia* (MacGillivray 1842)
| 
Rhodostethia_rosea.jpg

|

|-
| 11
| Lofta (Leucophaeus)
| *Leucophaeus* (Bruch, 1853)
| 
Franklin's_Gull_Brisbane98.jpg

|

|-
| 12
| Lofta (Ichthyaetus)
| *Ichthyaetus* (Kaup, 1829)
| 
Larus_melanocephalus_aka_Mediterranean_Gull_rare_guest_in_Sweden2.jpg

|

|-
| 13
| Lakro (Larus)
| *Larus* (Linnaeus, 1758)
| 
Great_Black-backed_Gull_Larus_marinus.jpg

|

|-
| 14
| Krepay (Gelochelidon)
| *Gelochelidon* (Brehm, CL, 1830)
| 
Gelochelidon_nilotica_1.jpg

|

|-
| 15
| Krepay (Hydroprogne)
| *Hydroprogne* (Kaup, 1829)
| 
Sterna_caspiaPCCA20031225-0908B.jpg

|

|-
| 16
| Krepay (Thalasseus)
| *Thalasseus* (Boie, 1822)
| 
Crested_Tern_Tasmania.jpg

|

|-
| 17
| Krepay (Sternula)
| *Sternula* (Gould, 1843)
| 
Koajisashi_05a2432s.jpg

|

|-
| 18
| Krepay (Onychoprion)
| *Onychoprion* (Wagler, 1832)
| 
Sterna_fuscata.JPG

|

|-
| 19
| Krepay (Sterna)
| *Sterna* (Linnaeus, 1758)
| 
Sterna_hirundo_1_(Lukasz_Lukasik).jpg

|

|-
| 20
| Krepay (Chlidonias)
| *Chlidonias* (Rafinesque, 1822)
| 
Chlidonias_hybrida_3_(Marek_Szczepanek).jpg

|

|-
| 21
| Krepay (Phaetusa)
| *Phaetusa* (Wagler, 1832)
| 
Large-billed_Tern_(Phaetusa_simplex)_(28435869255).jpg

|

|-
| 22
| Krepay (Larosterna)
| *Larosterna* (Blyth, 1852)
| 
Larosterna_inca_(Inca_Tern_-_Inkaseeschwalbe)_Weltvogelpark_Walsrode_2012-015.jpg

|

|}

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba : *Laridae* is *Charadriiformes*
* (en) vuest- : Alan P. Peterson : *Laridae* is *Charadriiformes*
* (en) vuest- : Fauna Europaea : *Laridae*
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Laridae*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Laridae*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Laridae*
* (fr+en) vuest- : CITES : *Laridae*
Lomé

**Lomé** tir kelu is zolonafa widava ke Togoa tigisa vagerone patecta kene Guinea pargalu ke Atlantika welfa.
London molt mielon (trutca ke Luce)

**London molt mielon** ~ *Port of London, Night* (FR)

**London molt mielon** (&nbsp;francavon *Port of London, Night*&nbsp;) tir trutca, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Maximilien Luce francaf lingesik bak 1894.

Bata trutca koe High Museum of Art koe Atlanta (Tanarasokeem) re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

Seine bost koe Paris ok monexo ton afif patectoy gan Luce cugviele zo lingeyer. Voxen inaf lingeks skuyun bal jonvielera koe London koe Engla watson gu Thames bost, jadion tid orikaf, dum bat wiks va bost mielon.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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London rasek

**London rasek** (&nbsp;englavon *Tower of London*&nbsp;) tir izvafa ralma tigisa moe lentefa domega ke Thames kuksa koe London koe Engla, poke Tower za. Rasek koe Tower Hamlets utca rone London Wid tigir, koe xo yoltkirafo gu Tower Hill. Inafa kolnara moni tena ke 1066 ilana zo tozuyur, moi normandafa olgalicura va Engla.
Loonalaid

**Loonalaid** tir tana ewalama ke Moonsund tursia tigisa koe Balta Bira, vatalte Eestia is arte 2 km- talte Saaremaa dalafa ewala.

Tir ki ke Kihelkonna tawadayafa dota.

## Izva is sanelia
Irubasik moe Loonalaid ewala bak 1830 zo inkeyed. Voxe re tir saneliiskafa.

## Gallery

File: Peeter_All's_family_farm_on_Loonalaid..jpg|
Lope de Aguirre

**Lope de Aguirre** ( ±1511-1561 ) ~ Espanaf vestasik va Amerika.

Lope de Aguirre tiyir espanaf kotgrupaf vestasik isu olgalicusik bak 16-eafa decemda.

Vestara va Amazonas bost.

## Dere rupel
Lopé vedeyaf gerd

**Lopé vedeyaf gerd** (&nbsp;francavon *Parc national de la Lopé*&nbsp;), tir burkaf debak ke Gabona.

Lopé vedeyaf gerd tir katcalapafo wetce belcon izvaxo is tuwavaxo nume bak 2007 wetce aotcaf debak ke tamavafa gadakiewega ke UNESCO zo bendeyer.

## Ewava va debak

File:La-lopé-gabon.jpg
File:Elephants in Lopé National Park.JPG
File:La lopé-rupestre1.jpg|Raporconyuta koe Lopé-Okanda
File:La lopé-rupestre2.jpg|Raporconyuta koe Lopé-Okanda
File:La lopé-rupestre3.jpg|Raporconyuta koe Lopé-Okanda


## Vuestexa


* Winugafo internetxo : Lopé-Okanda vedeyaf gerd


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Loropéni

**Loropéni rawaxo** (&nbsp;francavon *Ruines de Loropéni*&nbsp;), tir burkaf debak ke Burkina.

Loropéni rawaxo tir tano katcalapafo izvaxo ke tawava nume bak 2009 wetce arayaf debak ke tamavafa gadakiewega ke UNESCO zo bendeyer.

## Ewava va debak

File:Loropéni-location-map.png
File:2016.05-441-134ap archeology,excavation Loropéni Ruins nr.Loropéni(Poni Prv.),BF sun15may2016-1119h.jpg


## Vuestexa


*Winugafo internetxo ke Loropéni

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Loror (Coscoroba)

**Loror (Coscoroba)** tir tani oxi ke *Anatidae* yasa vey *Anseriformes* veem. Gan Reichenbach bak 1853 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem katceem
Sedme vuestesa pulara ke Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba (&nbsp;2.2 siatos, 2009&nbsp;), bati oxi tir tankatcafi :
* *Coscoroba coscoroba – [[Anaf loror (Coscoroba coscoroba)|Anaf loror]]

== Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza ==
<small>
* (en) vuest- : Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba : *Coscoroba* is *Anseriformes*
* (en) vuest- : Alan P. Peterson : *Coscoroba* is *Anseriformes*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : *Coscoroba* (Reichenbach, 1853)
* (en) vuest- : Fauna Europaea : *Coscoroba*
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Coscoroba*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Coscoroba*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Coscoroba*
* (fr+en) vuest- : CITES : *Coscoroba''
Los Chiles

**Los Chiles** tir widava valenttalte Costarika, koe Alajuela winka, is widot ke Los Chiles utca.

Lenttalte Alajuela arte 175 km- tigir, jowon ice Nicaragua.

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Lot is toloya nazbeya (trutca ke Gentileschi)

**Lot is toloya nazbeya** ~ *Lot e le sue figlie* (IT)

**Lot is toloya nazbeya** (&nbsp;italiavon *Lot e le sue figlie*&nbsp;) tir trutcapa lumkirafa gu 203.5 × 183 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Artemisia Gentileschi italiaf lingesik moni 1636-1638.

Bata trutca koe Yambatcilaxe koe Toledo koe Tanarasokeem re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Loror (Cygnus)

## Vexala dem katceem
Sedme vuestesa pulara ke Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba (&nbsp;2.2 siatos, 2009&nbsp;), 6 katca zo vertokayad.

Bewick loror gu apta ke azdas loror (&nbsp;*Cygnus columbianus*&nbsp;) zo torigir.

## Vuestexa
Lofta (Xema)

**Lofta (Xema)** tir tani oxi ke *Laridae* yasa vey *Charadriiformes* veem. Gan Leach bak 1819 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem katceem
Sedme vuestesa pulara ke Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba (&nbsp;2.2 siatos, 2009&nbsp;), bati oxi tir tankatcafi :

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba : *Xema* is *Charadriiformes*
* (en) vuest- : Alan P. Peterson : *Xema* is *Charadriiformes*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : *Xema* (Leach, 1819)
* (en) vuest- : Fauna Europaea : *Xema*
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Xema*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Xema*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Xema*
* (fr+en) vuest- : CITES : *Xema*
Louis-Gustave Binger

**Louis-Gustave Binger** ~ Francaf vestasik va Afrika

Louis-Gustave Binger tiyir francaf kotgrupaf vestasik bak toleafu acku ke 19-eafa decemda.

Vestara va Koteivoira is Burkina.

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Loue krant bak xeftoara (trutca ke Courbet)

**Loue krant bak xeftoara** ~ *La Vallée de la Loue par temps d'orage* (FR)

**Loue krant bak xeftoara** (&nbsp;francavon *La Vallée de la Loue par temps d'orage*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 54 × 65 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Gustave Courbet francaf lingesik bak 1849.

Bata trutca koe Yambatcilaxe koe Strasbourg koe Franca re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''kuksa''
Remi klepa, Gustave Courbet va konaka trutca ok konak siatos ke mila trutca watson gu kuksa lingeyer. Lana tid grupepena.


File:Gustave Courbet-Vallée de la Loue.jpg|Loue krant bak xeftoara
File:Gustave Courbet 008.jpg|Nariltuk ke Optevoz
File:The Stream (Le Ruisseau du Puits-Noir; vallée de la Loue) A10413.jpg|Puits-Noir kuksama, Loue krant
File:Gustave courbet, il ruscello di les puit-noir, 1855 ca. 01.jpg|Puits-Noir kuksama (1)
File:Gustave Courbet - Rocks at Mouthier - Google Art Project.jpg|Les Roches de Mouthier, soist
File:Le Puits-Noir by Courbet Baltimore MA.png|Puits-Noir
File:A_Brook_in_a_Clearing_(possibly_"Brook,_Valley_of_Fontcouverte;_Study")_MET_DP302937.jpg|Kuksama koe Fontcouverte krant
File:The Spring in Fouras Gustave Courbet.jpg|Klita koe Fouras
File:Le Moulin à eau by Courbet.png|Lavarn
File:Gustave_Courbet_-_The_Source_of_the_Loue_-_WGA05511.jpg|Klita ke Loue kuksa
File:The Mirror on the River Loue Scey-en-Varais, near Ornans by Gustave Courbet.jpeg|Tcazesa lava koe Scey
File:Le Grand Pont by Gustave Courbet 1864.jpeg|Zapa
File:Gustave Courbet 023.jpg|Puits-Noir kuksama (2)
File:Augustins - Le Ruisseau du puits noir - Gustave Courbet - 1865 Inv. Ro 662.jpg|Puits-Noir kuksama (3)
File:La Loue à la Scey-en-Varais by Gustave Courbet 1865.png|Loue kuksa koe Scey-en-Varais
File:Landscape with Waterfall by Gustave Courbet.jpeg|Patecta dem narda
File:La Ruisseau de la Breme.jpg|Brême kuksama (1)
File:Musée-Fabre-Courbet-Solitude-868 1 26.jpg|Antiuca is kuksama
File:Gustave Courbet - Bords du Doubs (1866).jpg|Kene Doubs uksa bak muvugal
File:Gustave Courbet - L'écluse de la Loue - Google Art Project.jpg|Biza ke Loue kuksa
File:Gustave Courbet, Le ruisseau de la Brême (1866).jpg|Brême kuksama (2)
File:Gustave Courbet - The Edge of the Pool (Au Bord de lEtang) - Google Art Project.jpg|Kene tourka
File:'Stream of the Puits-Noir at Ornans' by Gustave Courbet.JPG|Soist ke Puits-Noir koe Ornans
File:Gustave courbet, la valle di les puits-noir, 1868.jpg|Puits-Noir krant
File:The Silent River by Courbet BM.png|Amlitafa kuksa
File:Courbet - Stream in the Jura Mountains (The Torrent), oil on canves, 1872-3.jpg|Soist
File:Landscape from La Source Bleue (Gustave Courbet) - Nationalmuseum - 19226.tif|Faltafa klita
File:Gustave Courbet - Felsen nahe der Grotte der Loue - 12519 - Bavarian State Painting Collections.jpg|Pistok poke arula ke Loue
File:Courbet, Gustave - Cascade in a Rocky Landscape - Google Art Project.jpg|Narda koe raporaf patectoy
File:Gustave Courbet - The Stream of the Black Well - Walters 37203.jpg|Soist ke Puits-Noir
File:Entrée d'un gave (Source of a Mountain Stream).jpg|Soist ko ecor


## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Louis Claude des Saulses de Freycinet

**Louis Claude des Saulses de Freycinet** ( 1779-1842 ) ~ Francaf vestasik va Pacifika Welfa.

Louis Claude des Saulses de Freycinet tiyir francaf kotgrupaf totasik bak taneafu acku ke 19-eafa decemda.

Vestara va krimtaki ke geefa Australia.

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Louis Gueymard wetce Robert le Diable (trutca ke Courbet)

**Louis Gueymard ton Robert le Diable** ~ *Louis Gueymard en Robert le Diable* (FR)

**Louis Gueymard ton Robert le Diable** (&nbsp;francavon *Louis Gueymard en Robert le Diable*&nbsp;) tir trutcapa lumkirafa gu 148 × 106 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Gustave Courbet francaf lingesik bak 1857.

Bata trutca koe Metropolitan Yambatcilaxe koe New York koe Tanarasokeem re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Louis II de Bourbon-Condé bak Lens meld (1648) (trutca ke Jean-Pierre Franque)

**Louis II de Bourbon-Condé bak Lens meld (1648)** ~ *Bataille de Lens, 20 août 1648* (FR)

**Louis II de Bourbon-Condé bak Lens meld (1648)** (&nbsp;francavon *Bataille de Lens, 20 août 1648*&nbsp;) tir trutcapa lumkirafa gu 465&nbsp;×&nbsp;543 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Jean-Pierre Franque francaf lingesik bak 1835.

Bata trutca koe Meld Ginsa ke Izvatcila ke Franca re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir, i koe ginsa moe taneaf vegem ke geef berk ke Versailles Lamone (&nbsp;Franca&nbsp;).

Meld ginsa va 33 trutca icde zolonaf meld ke francafa izva is dere 86 java va francaf sersik lyumason xonukeyes isu sayakik wonar. Atoena rekola mali 406 (&nbsp;Tolbiac Meld&nbsp;) kali 1809 (&nbsp;cenera ke Napoléon I&nbsp;) dilizer.

Bata trutca nope ariekafa jafara ta koinkera koe bata ginsa zo lingeyer. Va 73-e runda re kereler.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Louis Jolliet

**Louis Jolliet** ( 1645-1700 ) ~ Francaf vestasik va Amerika

Louis Jolliet tiyir Francaf kotgrupaf vestasik bak toleafu acku ke 17-eafa decemda.

Kosmara va vaticef Mississippi bost is Missouri kuksa is Ohio kuksa is Illinois kuksa bak 1673 do Jacques Marquette. 

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Louise Labé

**Louise Labé**, francavaf ezlopik ke Lyon serna aname Maurice Scève, tiyir tana nelkafa suterotikya ke 16-eafa decemda.

Kobliyise koe Lyon, tiyir nazbeik ke kulaf wazdeliasik, i ke Pierre Charly (&nbsp;ok Charlin&nbsp;) yoltkiraf gu Labé. Va italiakorafa gaaranya (&nbsp;dem ravera va Italiava is Latinava is lexa&nbsp;) kazawayar ise va ervoura tavur. Moni 1543, kurera va wazdeliasik va «&nbsp;*Belle Cordière*&nbsp;» (&nbsp;Listafa Wazdelya&nbsp;) ikayolt daskiyir.

Inafa volruptesa anda is nisuju va skedegara va Magny ezlopik ke Pléiade lospa vodayad da ina wetce foktikya zo kruptejeyer. Kevoke tiyir sposapafa ise gan jontik milsaref ezlopik zo karolapayar nume konak va jontik blok tarizayad ise va inafa listuca dankagayad.

Grabom ke Louise Labé, koton sanegayan bak 1555, va yona alporka isu *sonnetto* renablokak nelkon ruldar. Bata ezla, tazukon nustapafa, kapbure lo noelaf blokak yoke lujuca is mivokuca is puruca ke muxana pestaka is miledje trakopa va rena koswana gan Platon, solwikad.

Ayikyevaf ezlopik ewavon gu konakara suterotikya ke 16-eafa decemda, Louise Labé va volruptesuca ke trak is nuyuca va renafa pulvira is roka va gaara mu ayikya kretuyur. Va batyon tcilk tulon koe wakas undeks (&nbsp;*Débat de Folie et d'Amour* - Atatcera va Oviskuca is Rena&nbsp;) rojuyur.

Tana inafa ezla : Blí, awalké

## Kalkotavayan suterot
* **Blí, awalké** (&nbsp;*Je vis, je meurs, sonnet&nbsp;), <small>kalkot- 2006 gan P. G., *Wikikrenteem'' dotay, banliz

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Lovaroka

**Lovaroka** ( latinavon Jus canonicum ) tir mweem kexiyin ok naleyen gan kristevafa rictaga isu verteem, ta bowera va ujabolk is ponkikeem.
Luce weltikya moe soza (trutca ke Luce)

**Luce weltikya moe soza** ~ *Madame Luce sur le balcon* (FR)

**Luce weltikya moe soza** (&nbsp;francavon *Madame Luce sur le balcon*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 81 × 65&nbsp;cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Maximilien Luce francaf lingesik bak 1893.

Bata trutca koe korikaf dotay re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

Luce me tiyir feref deltusik. Inafa trutca va korikaf delt tid abica. Ostik bata trutca me kotron tir delt, kre nakila riwe patectoyafa lize kurenikya isteon tigir, voxen va remgudaks va inafa gexata biwe solwit.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela


* Dene Athenaeum


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Lucebert

**Lucebert** tir nederlandaf suterotik. Koe Amsterdam koe Nederlanda ba 15/09/1924 koblir. Ba 10/05/1994 koe Alkmaar awalker.

Inafa gadava tir Nederlandava. Bak 1983 gu Nederlandavafo Suterotafo Poradro icde intaf grabomeem zo gabler.

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Luanda

**Luanda** tir kelu is lozolonafa widava ke Angola tigisa valenttalte patecta kene Atlantika welfa. To ristus widot ke Luanda milyoltafa winka.
Luanda bak 1575 gan portugalik zo zabduyur ise tiyir malaxo ke portugalafa boniara va Angola.

## Sanelia
Bak 2018 sanelia ke antafa widava tiyir vas 2 571 861 irubasik, voxen sanelia ke varafa rea tiyir vas mon anyust-celemoy.

## Afigasuteks is ewava

File: Luanda_Bay_5_-_panoramio_(cropped).jpg|
File: Marginal_Avenida_4_de_Fevreiro_Luanda_March_2013_05_(cropped)_(cropped).JPG|
File: Luanda_Skyline_-_Angola_2015_(cropped).jpg|
File: Luanda_feb09_ost05.jpg|
File: National_Assembly_Building_(19898889148).jpg|
File: Luanda_13.23266E_8.80761S.jpg|


## Dere rupec
:→ Widava ke Angola
Lucia tumtikya (1) (trutca ke Gentileschi)

**Lucia tumtikya** ~ *Santa Lucia* (IT)

**Lucia tumtikya** (&nbsp;italiavon *Santa Lucia*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 63 x 53 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Artemisia Gentileschi italiaf lingesik moni 1636-1638.

Bata trutca koe korikaf dotay re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va Lucia tumtikya
Remi klepa,  watsa va Lucia tumtikya va konaka trutca ok konak siatos ke mila trutca va Artemisia Gentileschi koswayar. Toloya zo gruped.


File:Saint Lucy by Artemisia Gentileschi ca. 1636-1638.jpg|Lucia tumtikya (1)
File:Saint Lucy by Artemisia Gentileschi ca. 1642-1644.jpg|Lucia tumtikya (2)


## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Lucrezia (2) (trutca ke Gentileschi)

**Lucrezia ** ~ *Lucrezia* (IT)

**Lucrezia ** (&nbsp;italiavon *Lucrezia*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 206 × 182 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Artemisia Gentileschi italiaf lingesik moni 1642-1643.

Bata trutca koe Museo di Capodimonte tcilaxe koe Napoli koe Italia re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''Lucrezia ceakikya ke savsafa Roma''
Remi klepa, vundafa watsa va *Lucrezia ceakikya ke savsafa Roma* va konaka trutca ok konak siatos ke mila trutca va Artemisia Gentileschi koswayar. Lan tid grupepen.


File:Lucretia by Artemisia Gentileschi.jpg|Lucrezia (1)
File:Lucretia by Artemisia Gentileschi2.jpg|Lucrezia (2)
File:Gentileschi-Lucrezia-Potsdam.jpg|Lucrezia (3)


## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Ludovic Rodo Pissaro koe matela koe Eragny (trutca ke Luce)

**Ludovic Rodo Pissarro koe matela koe Eragny** ~ *Ludovic Rodo Pissarro dans le Jardin de son père à Eragny* (FR)

**Ludovic Rodo Pissarro koe matela koe Eragny** (&nbsp;francavon *Ludovic Rodo Pissarro dans le Jardin de son père à Eragny*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 33 × 27&nbsp;cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Maximilien Luce francaf lingesik bak 1895.

Bata trutca koe korikaf dotay re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

Bata trutca va sardaf nazbeik ke Camille Pissarro kaatoer, i ke tan linges napik ke Luce.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela


* Dene Sothebys


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Lucien Dedichen is Jappe Nilssen (trutca ke Munch)

**Lucien Dedichen is Jappe Nilssen** ~ *Lucien Dedichen og Jappe Nilssen* (NO)

**Lucien Dedichen is Jappe Nilssen** (&nbsp;norgavon *Lucien Dedichen og Jappe Nilssen*&nbsp;) tir trutca, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Edvard Munch norgaf lingesik bak 1925-26.

Bata trutca koe Munch tcila koe Oslo koe Norga re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''lospaf delt''
Remi klepapa, Edvard Munch va konaka trutca ok konak siatos ke mila trutca watson gu lospaf delt lingeyer. Lana tid grupepena.


File:Edvard Munch - Tête-à-tête (1885).jpg|Ayik lente ayik
File:Edvard Munch - Oscar and Ingeborg Heiberg.jpg|Oscar Heiberg isu Ingeborg
File:Der Maler Paul Hermann und der Arzt Paul Contard, 1897.png|Paul Herrmann is Paul Contard
File:Edvard Munch - Dark-Haired man and Red-Haired Woman.jpg|Lerkusukikye is blakerusukikya
File:Aase and Harald Nørregaard.jpeg|Aase Nørregaard isu Harald
File:Edvard Munch - Eye in Eye.jpg|Iteem ko iteem
File:Edvard Munch - Jonas Lie with His Family.jpg|Jonas Lie do yasa
File:Munch Soehne des Dr Linde.jpg|Nazbeikyeeem ke Linde yasa
File:Edvard Munch - Merry Company.jpg|Daavaf dositiktum
File:Munch, Jugend am Meer (1904, Linde Frieze) 02.jpg|Yikye moe piluda
File:Edvard Munch - Head by Head.jpg|Taka keve taka (1)
File:Edvard Munch - Head by Head (1).jpg|Taka keve taka (2)
File:Edvard Munch - Drinkers.jpg|Ulisik
File:Edvard Munch - Woman With Children.jpg|Ayikya is baroy oc
File:Edvard Munch - Man and Woman on the Beach.jpg|Ayikya is ayikye moe piluda
File:Munch - Lucien Dedichen and Jappe Nilssen.jpg|Lucien Dedichen is Jappe Nilssen


## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Ludovico de Verthema

**Ludovico de Verthema** ( ±1470-1517 ) ~ Italiaf vestasik va Asia.

Ludovico de Verthema tiyir italiaf kotgrupaf koyasik bak toza ke 16-eafa decemda.

Vestara va Araba is krimtaki ke Barata is Bangla is Myanma is Malaka is Maluka.
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Ludwig Leichhardt

**Ludwig Leichhardt** ( 1813-1848 ) ~ Preussenaf germanaf vestasik va Australia.

Ludwig Leichhardt tiyir germanaf kotgrupaf vestasik bak toza ke 19-eafa decemda.

Vestara va valentefa Australia.

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Lurd ke Caillebotte pilkot koe Yerres (trutca ke Caillebotte)

**Gerd ke Caillebotte pilkot koe Yerres** ~ *Le parc de la propriété Caillebotte à Yerres* (FR)

**Gerd ke Caillebotte pilkot koe Yerres** (&nbsp;francavon *Le parc de la propriété Caillebotte à Yerres*&nbsp;) tir trutca  lumkirafa gu 65 × 92 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Gustave Caillebotte francaf lingesik bak 1875.

Tigixo ke bata trutca re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tir megrupeno.

### Watsa va ''gerd''
Watsa va *gerd* va Gustave Caillebotte remi trelafa klepa koswayar. Ine va konaka trutca oku siatos lingeyer. Tulon grupet :


File:GUSTAVE CAILLEBOTTE 1848 - 1894 LE PARC MONCEAU.jpg|Montceau gerd
File:Caillebotte, Parc.jpg|Gerd ke Caillebotte pilkot koe Yerres
File:Caillebotte Allée 1880.jpg|Levaalaf gaest
File:Gustave_Caillebotte_Normandie_1882.jpg|Levaalaf gaest koe Normanda
File:Gustave Caillebotte - Promenade d'Argenteuil.jpg|Gestaxo ke Argenteuil
File:Gustave Caillebotte - Allée bordée d'arbres.jpg|Aalafa lanivawa


## Dere rupec

## Stragela

## Vuestexa

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Luxemburga

**Luxemburga** tir patectama ke taltefa Europa dem Luxemburg kelu, bewafa gu Europafa Tanara is tana tevoya zabduyusa patecta.

## Vuestexeem
Luigi Cherubini is tuswavasikya va pudezlopa (trutca ke Ingres)

**Luigi Cherubini is tuswavasikya va pudezlopa** ~ *Luigi Cherubini et la Muse de la poésie lyrique* (FR)

**Luigi Cherubini is tuswavasikya va pudezlopa** (&nbsp;francavon *Luigi Cherubini et la Muse de la poésie lyrique*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 105 × 94 cm-, i puntalingeks keve eluxa keve stama skuyun gan Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres francaf lingesik bak 1842. Koe tcila ke Louvre ke Paris koe Franca re tigir.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

* Daniel Ternois is Ettore Camesasca, *Tout l'oeuvre peint de Ingres*, Paris, Flammarion, 1984 (ISBN 2-08-010240-0)
* Gary Tinterow is Philip Conisbee, *Portraits by Ingres : image of an epoch*, Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1999 (ISBN 0870998900, OCLC 40135348


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Luzmicel (Rhynochetidae)

**Luzmicel (Rhynochetidae)** tir tana yasa ke *Eurypygiformes* veem. Gan Carus bak 1868 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem oxieem
Sedme vuestesa pulara ke Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba (&nbsp;2.2 siatos, 2009&nbsp;), bata yasa tir tanoxifa :

|-
| 1
| Luzmicel (Rhynochetos)
| *Rhynochetos* (Verreaux & Des Murs, 1860)
| 
Rhynochetos_jubatus.jpg

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## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba : *Rhynochetidae* is *Eurypygiformes*
* (en) vuest- : Alan P. Peterson : *Rhynochetidae* is *Eurypygiformes*
* (en) vuest- : Fauna Europaea : *Rhynochetidae*
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Rhynochetidae*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Rhynochetidae*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Rhynochetidae*
* (fr+en) vuest- : CITES : *Rhynochetidae*
Luzmicel (Rhynochetos)

**Luzmicel (Rhynochetos)** tir tani oxi ke *Rhynochetidae* yasa vey *Eurypygiformes* veem. Gan Verreaux & Des Murs bak 1860 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem katceem
Sedme vuestesa pulara ke Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba (&nbsp;2.2 siatos, 2009&nbsp;), bati oxi tir tankatcafi :

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba : *Rhynochetos* is *Eurypygiformes*
* (en) vuest- : Alan P. Peterson : *Rhynochetos* is *Eurypygiformes*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : *Rhynochetos* (Verreaux & Des Murs, 1860)
* (en) vuest- : Fauna Europaea : *Rhynochetos*
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Rhynochetos*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Rhynochetos*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Rhynochetos*
* (fr+en) vuest- : CITES : *Rhynochetos*
Luzmiceldunol (Eurypygiformes)

**Luzmiceldunol (Eurypygiformes)** tir tan veem ke *[[Aves]]* (&nbsp;zverieem&nbsp;) pula. Gan  bak  taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem yaseem is oxieem
Sedme vuestesa pulara ke Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba (&nbsp;2.2 siatos, 2009&nbsp;), 2 yasa zo vertokad :

* Luzmicel (Rhynochetidae) (1 oxi, 1 katca)
** *[[Luzmicel (Rhynochetos)]]* (1 katca)
* Luzmicel (Eurypygidae) (1 oxi, 1 katca)
** *[[Luzmicel (Eurypyga)]]* (1 katca)

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba : *Eurypygiformes*
* (en) vuest- : Alan P. Peterson : *Eurypygiformes*
* (en) vuest- : Fauna Europaea : *Eurypygiformes*
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Eurypygiformes*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Eurypygiformes*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Eurypygiformes*
* (fr+en) vuest- : CITES : *Eurypygiformes*
Luís Vaz de Camões

**Luís Vaz de Camões** ape koe Lisboa bak 1525 koblir. Tir nazbeik ke Simão Vaz de Camões, oluazanisik koe Gazaxe pasus va yasa xantafa gu Galicia, is Ana de Sá Macedo kou Santarem. Icde inafa jotuca abiccoba zo gruper. Yoke inafa pulukafa araya, in zo seriur da koe Coimbra kotla al ape vayar. Bak 1547 ko Magriba wetce sayakik mallapir. Batlize va roneita drasur. Kaiki dimlapira ko Lisboa, sakion blir. Bak 1552, larde va Gazaxeoluazanisik al bakayar, zo koflintar. Divflintayan ba 13/05/1553 arti sanka ta Roneka totarundanyar.

Wali 1556 is 1560, koe Macau soker aze va Moluka tursia worar aze koe Kwantung jonvieler. Kene Kamputcea bopelawer, aze, artlapison va Goa tapedon landume zo koflintar, aze arti tolda ok barda zo tunuyar. Mali 1564, va dendara ke dom Antão de Noronha warzaf ikagazik impavantar. Bak 1567 va dimkoyara van Lisboa bokar. Radimi abrotcifa soktara koe Mozambika, ba 07/04/1570, ko Lisboa erbiskapon artlapir. Remi koyara va *Os Lusiadas* intaf vartaf kind al suter aze bak 1572 koe Lisboa vaon rubiar. Pu Sebastião jotaf gazik va bat tarizar acum ganon zo turwimir inde kali awalkera moron di blir. Inaf suteroteem loon dam bat kind tir. Camões va yona wenyaxa isu ezla dere al warzer, va grabom askis da tir ezlopikany ke intafe sare.

Ba notrara va intafo vo gan Espana awalker. Nekev intaf abdumimaks va Parnassos, Camões va mekara ropiskutuna ezla iskeyer.

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Lviv

**Lviv** (&nbsp;ukrainavon *Львів*&nbsp;) tir widavapa ke Ukraina is widot ke Lviv winka.

Inafa sanelia tiyir vas 727 968 irubasik bak 2017. 

## Debala
Lviv vatalte patecta arte 70 km- abdue jowa ke Polska is talte Kyiv arte 470 km- tigir.

## Tawavopa
 
## Izva
Lviv abdi 1256 zo zabduyur ise tir ravaldugafa widava mali 1356.

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Lyudmila Terentyeva

**Lyudmila Dementyeva Terentyeva** (&nbsp;rossiavon *Людмила Дементьевна Терентьева*&nbsp;) tiyir rossiaf artowasik. Koe gola ke Xerson koe refa Ukraina vox savsafo rossiafo gindaxo bak 1862 kobliyir. Koe Sankt Peterburg bak 1883 awalkeyer.

## Blirizva
Lyudmila Terentyeva koe yasa ke kulaf pirdotik tavesik ke vedeyafa olda kobliyir. Yasa tiyir pokefa gu artowas rieteem : tane berikye Mixail ko Kara xalta ta poana kobara zo rezgaleyer ; toleafe tise tavesik ko Kavkaza dere ristulon zo divbliyir. Batdume Lyudmila va kevbowerefa tegira waveon vilteyer.

Koe Mariinski ayikyafa olda ke Odesa vayayar. Bak 1878 zo dobayar. Azon va Narodnaya Volya grustaks denfiyir.

Bak 1879 do Rossikova is Yurkovski va fobara va koaykaxe ke Xerson paker. Bak diref ilanacek do Nikolay Kibaltcitc is Praskovya Ivanovskaya koe birgotafe rubiaxe ke pako kobar.

Ba 02/05/1881 koe Sankt Peterburg zo soper. Aze koe Petropavlovskaya ralma zo dagir. Gu *Jiz va 20 ke Narodnaya Volya* zo kojizar. Ba 15/02/1882 zo tugunar ise gu zelara va rokeem is poana kobara koe xalta bak tol-sanda zo lanzar.

Ayikya lanzayana bak bat jiz, Lyudmila Terenyeva is Tatyana Lebedeva is Anna Yakimova ko Kara xalta koe Sibiria zo gostakseyed. Soe Lyudmila Terentyeva koe Petropavlovskaya ralma bak 1883 levgon awalker.

## Dere rupec

## Vuestexa

* (ru) Icde Jiz va 20 ke Narodnaya Volya, internetxo

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Lyumasik (trutca ke Courbet)

**Lyumasik** ~ *Lutteurs* (FR)

**Lyumasik** (&nbsp;francavon *Lutteurs*&nbsp;) tir trutcapa lumkirafa gu 252 × 198 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Gustave Courbet francaf lingesik bak 1853.

Bata trutca koe Yambatcilaxe koe Budapest koe Magyara re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''ordafa nakila''
Remi klepa, Gustave Courbet va konaka trutca ok konak siatos ke mila trutca watson gu ordafa nakila lingeyer. Lana tid grupepena.

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