open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Libol (Leporidae)

**Libol (Leporidae)** tir tana yasa ke *LAGOMORPHA* veem. Gan Fischer bak 1817 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem oxieem
Sedme ***Mammal Species of the World*** (siatos ke 2005), bata yasa vas 11 oxi ruldar :
* *[[Libol (Brachylagus)]]* (Miller, 1900)
* *[[Libol (Bunolagus)]]* (Thomas, 1929)
* *[[Libol (Caprolagus)]]* (Blyth, 1845)
* *[[Libol (Nesolagus)]]* (Forsyth-Major, 1899)
* *[[Libol (Oryctolagus)]]* (Lilljeborg, 1873)
* *[[Libol (Pentalagus)]]* (Lyon, 1904)
* *[[Libol (Poelagus)]]* (St. Leger, 1932)
* *[[Libol (Pronolagus)]]* (Lyon, 1904)
* *[[Libol (Romerolagus)]]* (Merriam, 1896)
* *[[Libol (Sylvilagus)]]* (Gray, 1867)
* *[[Libakol (Lepus)]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Mammal Species of the World (v- 3, 2005) : *Leporidae* (Fischer, 1817)
* (en) vuest- : CITES : *Leporidae*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : yasa *Leporidae* (Fischer, 1817)
* (en, fr) vuest- : ITIS : *Leporidae* (Fischer, 1817)
* (en) vuest- : Tree of Life Web Project : *Leporidae*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Leporidae* (Fischer, 1817)
* (en) vuest- : Paleobiology Database : *Leporidae* (Fischer, 1817)
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Leporidae*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Leporidae*
#### Ara vuestexa
* *Libol (Leporidae)* dene Wikispecies


## Kotavafa vuestesa xantaza
* Kotava winugaf moukolaf ravlemak (Kotava, Latinava, 2019)
Libol (Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus)

**Libol (Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus)** tir tana apta ke *cuniculus* katca vey *Oryctolagus* oxi vey *Leporidae* yasa ke *LAGOMORPHA* veem.

Gan Loche bak 1858 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem milkatcaf apteem
Sedme ***Mammal Species of the World*** (siatos ke 2005), konakara apta dere tid ke mila veyafa katca :
* *[[Libol (Oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *[[Libol (Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus)]]* (Loche, 1858)
* *[[Libol (Oryctolagus cuniculus brachyotus)]]* (Trouessart, 1917)
* *[[Libol (Oryctolagus cuniculus cnossius)]]* (Bate, 1906)
* *[[Libol (Oryctolagus cuniculus habetensis)]]* (Cabrera, 1923)
* *[[Libol (Oryctolagus cuniculus huxleyi)]]* (Haeckel, 1874)

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Mammal Species of the World (v- 3, 2005) : *Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus* (Loche, 1858)
* (en) vuest- : CITES : *Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : apta *Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus* (Loche, 1858)
* (en, fr) vuest- : ITIS : *Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus* (Loche, 1858)
* (en) vuest- : Tree of Life Web Project : *Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus* (Loche, 1858)
* (en) vuest- : Paleobiology Database : *Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus* (Loche, 1858)
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus*


## Kotavafa vuestesa xantaza
* Kotava winugaf moukolaf ravlemak (Kotava, Latinava, 2019)
Libol (Pronolagus crassicaudatus)

**Libol (Pronolagus crassicaudatus)** tir tana katca ke *Pronolagus* oxi vey *Leporidae* yasa ke *LAGOMORPHA* veem.

Gan I. Geoffroy bak 1832 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem apteem
Sedme ***Mammal Species of the World*** (siatos ke 2005), bata katca vas 4 apta ruldar :
* *[[Libol (Pronolagus crassicaudatus crassicaudatus)]]* (I. Geoffroy, 1832)
* *[[Libol (Pronolagus crassicaudatus ruddi)]]* (Thomas and Schwann, 1905)

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Mammal Species of the World (v- 3, 2005) : *Pronolagus crassicaudatus* (I. Geoffroy, 1832)
* (en) vuest- : CITES : *Pronolagus crassicaudatus*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : katca *Pronolagus crassicaudatus* (I. Geoffroy, 1832)
* (en, fr) vuest- : ITIS : *Pronolagus crassicaudatus* (I. Geoffroy, 1832)
* (en) vuest- : Tree of Life Web Project : *Pronolagus crassicaudatus*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Pronolagus crassicaudatus* (I. Geoffroy, 1832)
* (en) vuest- : Paleobiology Database : *Pronolagus crassicaudatus* (I. Geoffroy, 1832)
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Pronolagus crassicaudatus*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Pronolagus crassicaudatus*
#### Ara vuestexa
* *Libol (Pronolagus crassicaudatus)* dene Wikispecies


## Kotavafa vuestesa xantaza
* Kotava winugaf moukolaf ravlemak (Kotava, Latinava, 2019)
Libol (Pronolagus rupestris curryi)

**Libol (Pronolagus rupestris curryi)** tir tana apta ke *rupestris* katca vey *Pronolagus* oxi vey *Leporidae* yasa ke *LAGOMORPHA* veem.

Gan Thomas bak 1902 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem milkatcaf apteem
Sedme ***Mammal Species of the World*** (siatos ke 2005), konakara apta dere tid ke mila veyafa katca :
* *[[Libol (Pronolagus rupestris rupestris)]]* (A. Smith, 1834)
* *[[Libol (Pronolagus rupestris curryi)]]* (Thomas, 1902)
* *[[Libol (Pronolagus rupestris nyikae)]]* (Thomas, 1902)
* *[[Libol (Pronolagus rupestris saundersiae)]]* (Hewitt, 1927)
* *[[Libol (Pronolagus rupestris vallicola)]]* (Kershaw, 1924)

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Mammal Species of the World (v- 3, 2005) : *Pronolagus rupestris curryi* (Thomas, 1902)
* (en) vuest- : CITES : *Pronolagus rupestris curryi*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : apta *Pronolagus rupestris curryi* (Thomas, 1902)
* (en, fr) vuest- : ITIS : *Pronolagus rupestris curryi* (Thomas, 1902)
* (en) vuest- : Tree of Life Web Project : *Pronolagus rupestris curryi*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Pronolagus rupestris curryi* (Thomas, 1902)
* (en) vuest- : Paleobiology Database : *Pronolagus rupestris curryi* (Thomas, 1902)
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Pronolagus rupestris curryi*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Pronolagus rupestris curryi*


## Kotavafa vuestesa xantaza
* Kotava winugaf moukolaf ravlemak (Kotava, Latinava, 2019)
Libol (Sylvilagus audubonii arizonae)

**Libol (Sylvilagus audubonii arizonae)** tir tana apta ke *audubonii* katca vey *Sylvilagus* oxi (&nbsp;*Sylvilagus* volveyoxi&nbsp;) vey *Leporidae* yasa ke *LAGOMORPHA* veem.

Gan Mearns bak 1896 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem milkatcaf apteem
Sedme ***Mammal Species of the World*** (siatos ke 2005), konakara apta dere tid ke mila veyafa katca :
* *[[Libol (Sylvilagus audubonii audubonii)]]* (Baird, 1858)
* *[[Libol (Sylvilagus audubonii arizonae)]]* (Mearns, 1896)
* *[[Libol (Sylvilagus audubonii baileyi)]]* (Merriam, 1897)
* *[[Libol (Sylvilagus audubonii confinis)]]* (J. Allen, 1898)
* *[[Libol (Sylvilagus audubonii goldmani)]]* (Nelson, 1904)
* *[[Libol (Sylvilagus audubonii minor)]]* (Mearns, 1896)
* *[[Libol (Sylvilagus audubonii warreni)]]* (Nelson, 1907)

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Mammal Species of the World (v- 3, 2005) : *Sylvilagus audubonii arizonae* (Mearns, 1896)
* (en) vuest- : CITES : *Sylvilagus audubonii arizonae*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : apta *Sylvilagus audubonii arizonae* (Mearns, 1896)
* (en, fr) vuest- : ITIS : *Sylvilagus audubonii arizonae* (Mearns, 1896)
* (en) vuest- : Tree of Life Web Project : *Sylvilagus audubonii arizonae*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Sylvilagus audubonii arizonae* (Mearns, 1896)
* (en) vuest- : Paleobiology Database : *Sylvilagus audubonii arizonae* (Mearns, 1896)
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Sylvilagus audubonii arizonae*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Sylvilagus audubonii arizonae*


## Kotavafa vuestesa xantaza
* Kotava winugaf moukolaf ravlemak (Kotava, Latinava, 2019)
Liboldunol (Lagomorpha)

**Liboldunol (Lagomorpha)** tir tan moukolaf veem (&nbsp;*Mammalia* pula&nbsp;).

Gan Brandt bak 1855 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Pimtara
### Pulara
Liboldunol sotid moukol videyes va konaka taneakafa kira is mevoneyes va tazuk is bevulara kalvekafa gu anameda groparuyusa darpe towara nekev savsapafa xanta is mantapafa amuzewera.

### Irubaxo
Liboldunol koe cugkota azekafa tawova (&nbsp;lodamon poke miduxo&nbsp;) is dere toaala is noon miduna vema irubad. Koe meftavafa anameda dere blid.

### Kira
Liboldunol sotid sidaf sulem mialukon lumkiraf, dem froxaf tazuk. Va takama is itapeem is abrotcaf oblakeem is radimef bewapeem kalvekaf gu vultera is grablura sodid. Sinafa dofa kira sotir tigira ke balemoya zaeiskafa sebada bene ticef prijust is toloya abduefa logijafa talga isu toloya radimefa lopinafa ; ison liboldunol va myast somedir.

### Nazbalkera
Pofa nazbareka sonover da bat sulem va yona sanelia nekev dat wivgusik jontikote tazukad. Sinafa urimafa nazbalkera tir nope medocafa nazbalkera nekina gan walikrara. Ikrafa lukruca dere sotir abditcafa is ocaga tir trelapafa.

### Malestura
Malestus ord ke liboldunol nelkon tir ruxatoraf.

## Vexala dem yaseem
Sedme ***Mammal Species of the World*** (siatos ke 2005), bat veem vas 3 yasa ruldar :
* *[[Kuzol (Ochotonidae)]]* (Thomas, 1896)
* † *[[Kuzol (Prolagidae)]]* (Gureev, 1964)
* *[[Libol (Leporidae)]]* (Fischer, 1817)

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Mammal Species of the World (v- 3, 2005) : *LAGOMORPHA* (Brandt, 1855)
* (en) vuest- : CITES : *LAGOMORPHA*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : veem *LAGOMORPHA* (Brandt, 1855)
* (en, fr) vuest- : ITIS : *LAGOMORPHA* (Brandt, 1855)
* (en) vuest- : Tree of Life Web Project : *LAGOMORPHA*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *LAGOMORPHA* (Brandt, 1855)
* (en) vuest- : Paleobiology Database : *LAGOMORPHA* (Brandt, 1855)
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *LAGOMORPHA*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *LAGOMORPHA*
#### Ara vuestexa
* *Liboldunol (Lagomorpha)* dene Wikispecies


## Kotavafa vuestesa xantaza
* Kotava winugaf moukolaf ravlemak (Kotava, Latinava, 2019)
Libreville

**Libreville** tir widava is kelu valenttalte Gabona. To ristus widot ke Estuaire winka tir, kene lenteon reca ke mantaf Komo bostam van Atlantika Welfa.

Taneafa widava ke patecta emon gu sanelia dem 703 940 irubasik ba otulara ke 2013 (&nbsp;nek 419 596 ba 1993&nbsp;). Va mon 40 % ke kotafa sanelia ke patecta lospar. Inafa laumara tir kaliapafa is krogafa. Widavaf levedreeem tir gavepaf gu warzafa vegedura.
Libreville tir telo nelkafo patectafo ristulaxo isu bareodacaxo ise vas rabafa tegiracapa (&nbsp;Owendo rabaxo&nbsp;) dere ruldar. 

Widava va walvedeyafo severoxo (&nbsp;LBV : IATA beksa&nbsp;) lenteon dadir. Sleda tir abrotcafa gu 3000 m-.

Libreville bak 1849 gan francik zo reduyur ise tiyir malaxo ke francafa boniara va Gabona. Intaf yolt yoke tunuyara va levetirik kototayan moe Elisia suleratota zo ziliyir. 

## Afigasuteks is ewava

Iyeltak:Libreville, Gabon.JPG|
Iyeltak:Le Komo 1.JPG|
Iyeltak:Libreville beachfront 2.JPG|
Iyeltak:Front de mer.jpg|
Iyeltak:Libreville.jpg|
Iyeltak:Libreville (Gabon)-Vue prise de la Jetée (2).jpg|
Iyeltak:Libreville-Case à l'oranger (Village Louis).jpg|
Iyeltak:Gabon-Village indigène de Louys.jpg|
Iyeltak:Hôtel du Lieutenant Gouverneur du Gabon-Congo Français.jpg|
Iyeltak:Libreville (Gabon)-Palais du Gouvernement.jpg|
Iyeltak:Libreville-palais-senat.jpg|
Iyeltak:La poste gabonnaise.JPG|
Iyeltak:Immeuble Rénovation.JPG|
Iyeltak:Portlbv.jpg|
Lickuca (1) (trutca ke Munch)

**Lickuca** ~ *Sjalusi* (NO)

**Lickuca** (&nbsp;norgavon *Sjalusi*&nbsp;) tir trutca, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Edvard Munch norgaf lingesik bak 1895.

Bata trutca koe Bergen Art Museum (Rasmus Meyer's collection) koe Bergen koe Norga re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''lickuca''
Remi klepapa, Edvard Munch va konaka trutca ok konak siatos ke mila trutca watson gu lickuca lingeyer. Lana tid grupepena.


File:Edvard Munch - Jealousy (1895).jpg|Lickuca (1)
File:Edvard Munch - Jealousy.jpg|Lickuca (2)
File:Edvard Munch - Jealousy (1).jpg|Lickuca (4)
File:Edvard Munch - Jealousy - Google Art Project.jpg|Lickuca (3)
File:Jealousy by Edvard Munch - Städel - Frankfurt am Main - Germany 2017.jpg|Lickuca (5)
File:Jalousi i haven.jpg|Lickuca koe matela


## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Lidya Ezerskaya

**Lidya Pavlovna Ezerskaya** koblirayoltafa gu **Kazanovitc** (&nbsp;rossiavon *Лидия Павловна Езерская, Казанович*&nbsp;) tiyir rossiaf artowasik. Koe widama ke Magilyov bowexo koe savsafo rossiafo gindaxo az refa Belarusa ba 27/05/1866 kobliyir. Ba 30/09/1915 koe Yakutsk mulufter.

## Blirizva
Ina tiyir nazbeikya ke oluikya, i kobliyisa koe yasa ke kulaf pilkotik. Koe Minsk vayayar. Bak 1900 va intaf talgopaf ilput koe Sankt Peterburg fenkur, aze koe Moskva bak 1904. Titi 1900-e sanda va artowas lizor kazokever. Nope labilmara va Vyatceslav Plehve wetce dofugik zo askoar nume ba 29/01/1904 zo soper. Nekev nopef jiz, gevason kalion di tunuyar.

Ba 29/10/1905 va Klingenberg bowesik va Magilyov labilmar voxe anton bakamar. Ba 07/03/1906 gan wideyaf vols sayakaf erkey ke Kyiv zo malyedar. Gu poana kobara koe xalta vas 13 tanda is acku di zo lanzar.

Va gakera koe Akatuy xalta askuter, dositon gu aluboya sposafa artowasikya : Maria Spiridonova is Aleksandra Izmaylovitc is Anastasya Bitsenko is Rebekka Fialka is Maria Ckolnik. Sinya va *cesterka* (&nbsp;*teva*&nbsp;) belcon zo dayoltayad. Bak fentugal ke 1907, ko Maltsev flint zo arbured lize dagis gropeem tir jontikote lodolgaf. Lidya Ezerskaya ton kotcakolinda ve akoler.

Bak 1909 div Maltsev zo tunuyar aze ko Zabaikalskaya gola zo divblir aze bak 1912 ko Yakuta zo arburer. Ba 30/09/1915 koe Yakutsk tere mulufter.




## Dere rupec

## Vuestexeem



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Lietuva

**Lietuva** tir patectama ke lentronefa Europa dem Vilnius kelu, bewafa gu Europafa Tanara, tigisa jowon ice Polska is Latvia is Belarusa.

Nelkafa widava tid Vilnius is Kaunas is Klaipėda is Šiauliai is Panevėžys.

## Tawavopa

## Ristusa grustara
:→ 

## Izva
:→ Kali 1991 tiyir galdafe sokasane ke Tanara ke Seltevaf Sovietaf Sokasaneeem.

## Sanelia

## Araya
### Suteroteem

### Uti

## Vuestexa
Limatc (Fregata)

**Limatc (Fregata)** tir tani oxi ke *Fregatidae* yasa vey *Suliformes* veem. Gan Lacépède bak 1799 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem katceem
Sedme vuestesa pulara ke Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba (&nbsp;2.2 siatos, 2009&nbsp;), 5 katca zo vertokad :
**Fregata andrewsi*
**Fregata aquila*
**Fregata ariel*
**Fregata magnificens*
**Fregata minor*

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba : *Fregata* is *Suliformes*
* (en) vuest- : Alan P. Peterson : *Fregata* is *Suliformes*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : *Fregata* (Lacépède, 1799)
* (en) vuest- : Fauna Europaea : *Fregata*
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Fregata*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Fregata*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Fregata*
* (fr+en) vuest- : CITES : *Fregata*
Limatc (Fregatidae)

**Limatc (Fregatidae)** tir tana yasa ke *Suliformes* veem. Gan Degland & Gerbe bak 1867 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem oxieem
Sedme vuestesa pulara ke Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba (&nbsp;2.2 siatos, 2009&nbsp;), bata yasa tir tanoxifa :

|-
| 1
| Limatc (Fregata)
| *Fregata* (Lac‚pŠde, 1799)
| 
Great_Frigatebird_at_Genovesa.JPG

|
|}

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba : *Fregatidae* is *Suliformes*
* (en) vuest- : Alan P. Peterson : *Fregatidae* is *Suliformes*
* (en) vuest- : Fauna Europaea : *Fregatidae*
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Fregatidae*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Fregatidae*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Fregatidae*
* (fr+en) vuest- : CITES : *Fregatidae*
Limatc (Leucocarbo)

**Limatc (Leucocarbo)** tir tani oxi ke *Phalacrocoracidae* yasa vey *Suliformes* veem. Gan Bonaparte bak 1856 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem katceem
Sedme vuestesa pulara ke Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba (&nbsp;2.2 siatos, 2009&nbsp;), 15 katca zo vertokad, don :
**Leucocarbo carunculatus*
**Leucocarbo ranfurlyi*

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba : *Leucocarbo* is *Suliformes*
* (en) vuest- : Alan P. Peterson : *Leucocarbo* is *Suliformes*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : *Leucocarbo* (Bonaparte, 1856)
* (en) vuest- : Fauna Europaea : *Leucocarbo*
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Leucocarbo*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Leucocarbo*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Leucocarbo*
* (fr+en) vuest- : CITES : *Leucocarbo*
Lija (kuksa)

**Lija** (&nbsp;rossiavon *Лыжа*&nbsp;) tir rossiafa kuksa valente europafa Rossia, koe Komi Sokasane, taltefa kovoa ke Petcora bost.

Inafe abrotce tir vas 223 km- isen kuksaxo tir vas 6 620 km².

## Dere rupel
Limatcdunol (Suliformes)

**Limatcdunol (Suliformes)** tir tan veem ke *[[Aves]]* (&nbsp;zverieem&nbsp;) pula. Gan Reichenbach bak 1849 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem yaseem is oxieem
Sedme vuestesa pulara ke Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba (&nbsp;2.2 siatos, 2009&nbsp;), 4 yasa zo vertokad :

* Limatc (Fregatidae) (1 oxi, 5 katca)
** *[[Limatc (Fregata)]]* (5 katca)
* Limatc (Phalacrocoracidae) (3 oxi, 42 katca)
** *[[Limatc (Microcarbo)]]* (5 katca)
** *[[Limatc (Phalacrocorax)]]* (22 katca)
** *[[Limatc (Leucocarbo)]]* (15 katca)
* Dakido (Anhingidae) (1 oxi, 4 katca)
** *[[Dakido (Anhinga)]]* (4 katca)
* Dakido (Sulidae) (3 oxi, 10 katca)
** *[[Dakido (Morus)]]* (3 katca)
** *[[Dakido (Papasula)]]* (1 katca)
** *[[Dakido (Sula)]]* (6 katca)

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba : *Suliformes*
* (en) vuest- : Alan P. Peterson : *Suliformes*
* (en) vuest- : Fauna Europaea : *Suliformes*
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Suliformes*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Suliformes*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Suliformes*
* (fr+en) vuest- : CITES : *Suliformes*
Limpey (Pandion)

**Limpey (Pandion)** tir tani oxi ke *Pandionidae* yasa vey *Accipitriformes* veem. Gan Savigny bak 1809 taneon zo pimtayar.

## Vexala dem katceem
Sedme vuestesa pulara ke Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba (&nbsp;2.2 siatos, 2009&nbsp;), 2 katca zo vertokad :

## Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza

* (en) vuest- : Walvedeyafa Zveriopafa Aba : *Pandion* is *Accipitriformes*
* (en) vuest- : Alan P. Peterson : *Pandion* is *Accipitriformes*
* (en) vuest- : UICN : *Pandion* (Savigny, 1809)
* (en) vuest- : Fauna Europaea : *Pandion*
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : *Pandion*
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : *Pandion*
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : *Pandion*
* (fr+en) vuest- : CITES : *Pandion*
Lingeropafa cultimeva

**Cultimeva** tir yambaf lizor koe nelkon Europa isti XIX-eafa decedma.

## Vexala dem cultimevaf lingeropik

### [[Germana]]
* Anselm Feuerbach
* Franz von Lenbach
* Otto Theodore Gustav Lingner
* Karl von Piloty
* Franz Xaver Winterhalter

### [[Ostera]]
* Hans Makart
* Hans Zatzka

### [[Belga]]
* Théophile Lybaert
* Herman Richir
* Alfred Stevens

### [[Kanada]]
* Marc-Aurèle de Foy Suzor-Coté
* Paul Kane
* Cornelius Krieghoff
* Paul Peel

### [[Espana]]
* Marià Fortuny

### [[Franca]]
* Amaury-Duval
* Paul Baudry
* Léon Bonnat
* William Bouguereau
* Gustave Boulanger
* Alexandre Cabanel
* Édouard Debat-Ponsan
* Carolus-Duran
* Fernand Cormon
* Thomas Couture
* Édouard Detaille
* Hippolyte Flandrin
* Jean-Léon Gérôme
* Henri Gervex
* Jean-Paul Laurens
* Jules Lefebvre
* Ernest Meissonier
* Luc-Olivier Merson
* Alphonse de Neuville

### [[Ellasa]]
* Nikiforos Lytras

### [[Magyara]]
* Gyula Benczúr

### [[Italia]]
* Eugen de Blaas
* Hermann David Salomon Corrodi
* Francesco Hayez
* Domenico Morelli
* Giulio Rosati

### [[Britana]]
* Lawrence Alma-Tadema
* Alfred Gilbert
* Frederic Leighton
* Edward Poynter

### [[Rossia]]
* Karl Bryullov
* Alexandr Ivanov
* Henryk Siemiradzki

### [[Swiza]]
* Charles Gleyre
* Pierre Georges Jeanniot
* Fritz Zuber-Buhler

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Lingeropafa dimblirugaleva

**Lingeropafa dimblirugaleva** tir tan dalaf yambugal remi XV-eafa is XVI-eafa decemda, koe Italia az Franca is Germana is kipi ke Europa.

## Vexala dem dimblirugalevaf lingeropik
#### Vlaanderaf
* Jan van Eyck

#### Italiaf
* Masaccio
* Piero Della Francesca
* Leonardo da Vinci
* Michelangelo
* Raffaello
* Jacopo di Pontormo

#### Francaf
* Jean Fouquet
* Jean Clouet
* François Clouet
* Jean Hey
* Corneille de Lyon

#### Germanaf
* Albrecht Altdorfer
* Hans Baldung
* Lucas Cranach Savsik
* Lucas Cranach Jotik
* Albrecht Dürer
* Matthias Grünewald
* Hans Holbein Jotik

#### Espanaf
* Pedro Berruguete
* Juan de Borgoña
* Luis de Morales
* El Greco
* Juan de Juanes

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Lingeropafa geltreva

**Geltreva** tir yambaf lizor awiyis koe Franca is Britana az Rossia isti XIX-eafa decemda.

## Vexala dem geltrevaf lingeropik
* Alexandre Antigna
* Jules Breton
* Ivan Cickin
* Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
* Gustave Courbet
* Honoré Daumier 
* Henri Fantin-Latour
* Giovanni Fattori
* Constantin Guys
* Désiré François Laugée
* Alphonse Legros
* Isaak Levitan
* Wilhelm Leibl
* Édouard Manet
* Jean-François Millet
* Victor Müller
* Vasili Polenov
* Ilya Repin
* Fyodor Vasilyev

## Geltrevafa serna

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Lingeropafa lageva

**Lingeropafa lageva** tir linges yambaf lizor agvavon kobliyis bak 1907 is tegis kali acku ke 1920-e sanda.

## Vexala dem lagevaf lingeropik
* Constantin Brancusi
* Georges Braque
* Robert Delaunay
* André Derain
* Marcel Duchamp
* Albert Gleizes
* Juan Gris
* Henri Le Fauconnier
* Fernand Léger
* André Lhote
* Jean Metzinger
* Piet Mondrian
* Pablo Picasso
* Kees van Dongen

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Lingeropa

**Lingeropa** tir yambinda lingesa kev welma listaskon rewason va ksevas rustonot.

## Teliz icde lingeropa
Re (&nbsp;**//**&nbsp;) , loma vas *[[:Category:Lingeropa‎|Lingeropa]]* = **** teliz
Lingeropa (trutca ke Vermeer)

**Lingeropa** ~ *De Schilderkunst* (NL)

**Lingeropa** (&nbsp;nederlandavon *De Schilderkunst*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 120 × 100&nbsp;cm-, i sugdakiraf puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Johannes Vermeer nederlandaf lingesik moni 1665-1666.

Bata trutca koe Kunsthistorisches Museum tcilaxe koe Wien (&nbsp;Ostera&nbsp;) re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Lingeropafa leceva

**Lingeropafa leceva** tir lingeropaf lizor awiyis koe Franca moni 1880, kategison va tuwaveva is liteva.

## Vexala dem lecevaf lingeropik

* Edmond Aman-Jean (1858-1936)
* Jean Francis Auburtin (1866-1930)
* Arnold Böcklin (1827-1901)
* Gaston Bussière (1862-1928)
* Eugène Carrière (1849-1906)
* Félix Courché (1863-1944)
* Henry Daras (1850-1928)
* Jean François De Boever (1872-1949)
* William Degouve de Nuncques (1867-1935)
* Antonio de La Gandara (1861-1917)
* Jean Delville (1867-1953)
* Valerius De Saedeleer (1867-1941)
* Karl Wilhelm Diefenbach (1851-1913)
* James Ensor (1860-1949)
* Émile Fabry (1865-1966)
* Georges de Feure (1868-1943)
* Henry de Groux (1866-1930)
* Bruno Héroux (1868-1944)
* Ferdinand Hodler (1853-1918)
* Fernand Khnopff (1858-1921)
* Gustav Klimt (1862-1918)
* Max Klinger (1857-1920)
* František Kupka (1871-1957)
* François Étienne Lahaye (1878-1949)
* Ozias Leduc (1864-1955)
* Lucien Lévy-Dhurmer (1865-1953)
* Henri Martin (1860-1943)
* Edgard Maxence (1871-1954)
* René Ménard (1862-1930)
* Gustave Moreau (1826-1898)
* Gustav-Adolf Mossa (1883-1971)
* Alphonse Osbert (1857-1939)
* Pierre Puvis de Chavannes (1824-1898)
* Odilon Redon (1840-1916)
* Félicien Rops (1833-1898)
* Léonard Sarluis (1874-1949)
* Carlos Schwabe (1877-1927)
* Giovanni Segantini (1858-1899)
* Alexandre Séon (1855-1917)
* Léon Spilliaert (1881-1946)
* Franz von Stuck (1863-1928)
* James Whistler (1834-1903)

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Lingeropafa muxareva

**Lingeropafa muxareva** tir lingeropaf lizor awiyis titi XX-eafa decemda koe  Germana is Lentefa Europa 
kategimison va liteva.

## Vexala dem muxarevaf lingeropik
**[[Belga]]** : 
* Constant Permeke
* James Ensor

**[[Franca]]** : 
* Xaim Sutin

**[[Germana]]** : 
* George Grosz
* Erich Heckel
* Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
* Käthe Kollwitz
* August Macke
* Franz Marc
* Emil Nolde
* Max Pechstein
* Franz von Stuck

**[[Magyara]]** : 
* Tivadar Kosztka Csontváry.

**[[Nederlanda]]** : 
* Willem Hofhuizen
* Vincent van Gogh

**[[Norga]]** : 
* Edvard Munch
* Kai Fjell.

**[[Ostera]]** : 
* Egon Schiele
* Oskar Kokoschka

**[[Rossia]]** : 
* Vasili Kandinski
* Marc Chagall
* Natalya Gontcarova

**[[Suomia]]** : 
* Alvar Cawén

**[[Sveriga]]** : 
* Ester Almqvist

**[[Swiza]]** : 
* Paul Klee

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Lingeropafa tuwaveva

**Lingeropafa tuwaveva** tir lingeropaf lizor ledunges va geltreva, zolonafa koe Europa wali 1880 is 1920.
__NOTOC__
## Vexala dem tuwavevaf lingeropik
#### Belga
* Évariste Carpentier 1845-1922
* Louis Dubois 1830-1880
* Léon Frédéric 1856-1940
* Charles de Groux 1825-1870
* Constantin Meunier 1831-1905

#### Danmarka
*Peder Severin Krøyer 1851-1909

#### Espana
* Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida 1863-1923

#### Franca
* Jules Adler 1865-1952
* Gaston Balande 1880-1971
* Marie Bashkirtseff 1858-1884
* Jules Bastien-Lepage 1848-1884
* Henri Biva 1848-1929
* Rosa Bonheur 1822-1869
* Léon Bonnat 1833-1922
* Jean-Eugène Buland 1852-1926
* Jules Breton 1827-1906
* Jean-Charles Cazin 1841-1901
* Charles Cottet 1863-1925
* Fernand Cormon 1845-1924
* Pascal Dagnan-Bouveret 1852-1929
* Julien Dupré 1851-1910
* Emile Friant 1863-1932
* Ferdinand Gueldry 1858-1945
* Jean-Paul Laurens 1838-1921
* Joseph-Fortuné-Séraphin Layraud 1834-1912
* Léon Lhermitte 1844-1925
* Berthe Mouchel 1864-1951
* Alphonse Moutte 1840-1913
* Fernand Pelez 1848-1913
* Jean-François Raffaëlli 1850-1924
* Jean-André Rixens 1846-1925
*Lucien Simon 1861-1945

#### Germana
* Max Liebermann 1847-1935

#### Italia
*Telemaco Signorini, 1835-1901

#### Nederlanda
* George Hendrik Breitner 1857-1923

#### Norga
* Christian Krohg 1852-1925
* Gudmund Stenersen 1863-1934

#### Portugala
* José Malhoa 1855-1933
* Henrique Pousão 1859-1884

#### Rossia
*Valentin Serov 1865-1911

#### Swiza
* Eugène Burnand 1850-1921

#### Tanarasokeem
* Thomas Eakins 1844-1916
* Daniel Ridgway Knight 1839-1924
* Norman Rockwell 1894-1978

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Lingeropafa warzapulukeva

**Warzapulukeva** lizor tir yambafa koswara mali toleafu acku ke XVIII-eafa decemda kali mon 1820.

## Vexala dem warzapulukevaf lingeropik
* Pompeo Batoni
* Pietro Benvenuti
* William Blake
* Jacques-Louis David
* François Gérard
* Anne-Louis Girodet
* Antoine-Jean Gros
* Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres
* Joseph Anton Koch
* Raphaël Mengs
* Jean-Baptiste Regnault
* Pierre-Henri de Valenciennes
* Joseph Vernet
* Benjamin West

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Lingeropafa wifreva

**Lingeropafa wifreva** tir linges yambaf lizor tentun radimi 1520 dilzes koe Italia is tulon Venezia, kali mon 1580.

## Vexala dem ixakevaf lingeropik
* Christoph Amberger (~1505-~1562)
* Arcimboldo (1527-1593)
* Francesco Xanto Avelli (~1487-~1542)
* Domenico Beccafumi (1486-1551)
* Abraham Bloemaert (1564-1651)
* Bronzino (1503-1572)
* Antoine Caron (1521 -1599)
* Correggio (1489-1534)
* Andréa Del Sarto (1486-1530)
* Toussaint Dubreuil (~1560-1602)
* Rosso Fiorentino (1494-1540)
* Hendrick Goltzius (1558-1617)
* El Greco (~1541-1614)
* Nicholas Hilliard (~1547-1619)
* Parmigianino (1503-1540)
* Pontormo (1494-1557)
* Jules Romain (1499-1546)
* Francesco Salviati (1510-1563)
* Bartholomeus Spranger (1546-1611)
* Tintoretto (1518-1594)
* Tiziano (1498-1576)
* Jan van der Straet (1523-1605)
* Cornelis Van Haarlem (1562-1638)
* Giorgio Vasari (1511-1574)
* Veronese (1528-1588)
* Federigo Zuccaro (~1542-1609)
* Taddeo Zuccaro (1529-1566)
* Joachim Wtewael (1566-1638)

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Lingexo ke yambik (trutca ke Courbet)

**Lingexo ke yambik** ~ *L'Atelier du peintre* (FR)

**Lingexo ke yambik** (&nbsp;francavon *L'Atelier du peintre*&nbsp;) tir trutcapa lumkirafa gu 359 × 598 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Gustave Courbet francaf lingesik bak 1855.

Bata trutca koe Orsay tcilaxe koe Paris koe Franca re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''ordafa nakila''
Remi klepa, Gustave Courbet va konaka trutca ok konak siatos ke mila trutca watson gu ordafa nakila lingeyer. Lana tid grupepena.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Linguafrancanovava

**Linguafrancanovava** (&nbsp;*Lingua franca nova* ok *Elefen*&nbsp;) tir pelafa walvedeyafa vegedunava bokayana gan George Boeree  bak 1965 is winugon sanegayana bak 1998.

## Izva

## Suteroteem

***La xerca per Pahoa*** suterot tir taneaf tanuskaf berpotam kan Linguafrancanovava. Gan Vicente Costalago  zo suteyer aze bak alubeaksat ke 2020 den Internet gort taneatomon zo sanegayar, az bak alubeaksat ke 2021 ton neva.

## Dere rupel
Tegira is pouca ke vegedunava dene Wikipedia : .

## Vuestexeem
Liotaf mivdelt (trutca ke Munch)

**Liotaf mivdelt** ~ *Selvportrett i profil* (NO)

**Liotaf mivdelt** (&nbsp;norgavon *Selvportrett i profil*&nbsp;) tir trutca, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Edvard Munch norgaf lingesik bak 1907.

Bata trutca koe Munch tcila koe Oslo koe Norga re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''mivdelt''
Remi klepapa, Edvard Munch va konaka trutca ok konak siatos ke mila trutca watson gu mivdelt lingeyer. Lana tid grupepena.


File:Edvard Munch - Self-Portrait - Google Art Project (533070).jpg|Mivdelt (1)
File:Edvard Munch - Self-portrait (1882-83).jpg|Mivdelt (2)
File:Edvard Munch - Self-portrait (1886).jpg|Mivdelt (4)
File:Edvard Munch - Self-portrait (1888?).jpg|Mivdelt (3)
File:Edvard Munch - Self-Portrait under the Mask of a Woman.jpg|Mivdelt valeve ayikyafa xatcaxa
File:Munch SelfBurningCigarette.jpg|Mivdelt dem ruseta
File:Edvard Munch - Self-Portrait in Hell - Google Art Project.jpg|Mivdelt koe kusto
File:Self-Portrait (Against Two-Colored Background) (Edvard Munch, 1904).jpg|Mivdelt kabdue tolksevafa rebava
File:Edvard Munch - Self-Portrait with Brushes - Google Art Project.jpg|Mivdelt dem zova
File:Edvard Munch - Caricature Portrait of Tulla Larsen (Karikert portrett av Tulla Larsen).jpg|Mivdelt kabdue musaf ludev
File:Edvard Munch - Self-Portrait with Moustache and Starched Collar (1905).jpg|Mivdelt dem nyoxa is bergo
File:Edvard Munch - Self-Portrait in Broad Brimmed Hat.jpg|Mivdelt dem mantafi edji
File:Edvard Munch - Self-Portrait against Red Background.jpg|Mivdelt kabdue keraf ludev
File:Edvard Munch - Self-Portrait with a Bottle of Wine - Google Art Project.jpg|Mivdelt do vortirac
File:Edvard Munch - Self-Portrait in Profile.jpg|Liotaf mivdelt
File:Selvportræt fra Klinikken.jpg|Mivdelt koe ropexe
File:Edvard Munch - Self-Portrait with the Spanish Flu (1919).jpg|Mivdelt bak grakolera
File:Edvard Munch - Sleepless Night. Self-Portrait in Inner Turmoil (1920).jpg|Mivdelt koe bustaxo
File:Edvard Munch Self Portrait With Hands In Pockets 1925.jpg|Mivdelt ton nuba koe ucom
File:EdvardMunch-1925-26-Self-Portrait with Dogs.png|Mivdelt do vakol
File:Edvard Munch, Selvportrett. Mellom klokken og sengen.JPG|Mivdelt wale varla is ilava


## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Lingeropafa pestakeva

**Pestakeva** tir yambaf lizor awiyis koe Franca is Engla moni 1780 voxe wali 1820 is 1860 moekote voneweyer.

## Vexala dem pestakevaf lingeropik
* Albert Bierstadt
* William Blake
* Théodore Chassériau
* Frederic Edwin Church
* Thomas Cole
* John Constable
* Eugène Delacroix
* Paul Delaroche
* Eugène Devéria
* Caspar David Friedrich
* Théodore Géricault
* Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres
* William Turner
* Horace Vernet

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Lingeropafa pulukeva

**Pulukeva** lizor tir yambafa koswara remi XVI-eafa is XVII-eafa decemda.

## Vexala dem pulukevaf lingeropik
* Philippe de Champaigne
* Charles Le Brun
* Nicolas Poussin
* Raffaello

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Lisboa

**Lisboa** tir kelu is lozolonafa widava ke Portugala tigisa vagetalte patecta kene recapa ke Tajo bost.


Lissabon-Elevador de Santa Justa-22-Rossio-2011-gje.jpg
Lissabon-Rossio-22-Kaffeeladen-2011-gje.jpg
Lissabon-108-Elevador de Santa Justa-1983-gje.jpg
Lissabon-Strassenbahn-40-Sao Vicente de Fora-2011-gje.jpg
Lissabon-Convento do Carmo-04-Portal-2011-gje.jpg
Lissabon-Rua de Augusto Rosa-02-Haeuser-2011-gje.jpg
Lissabon-Largo das Portas do Sol-26-Frauen-2011-gje.jpg
Lissabon-Sao Roque-26-Madonna im Puttenkranz-2011-gje.jpg


## Izva
Listikya dem edji (trutca ke Modigliani)

**Listikya dem edji** ~ *Ragazza con cappello* (IT)

**Listikya dem edji** (&nbsp;italiavon *Ragazza con cappello*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 65&nbsp;×&nbsp;45 cm-, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Amedeo Modigliani italiaf lingesik bak 1918.

Bata trutca koe Korikaf dotay koe Paris koe Franca re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''Ayikyaf delt''
Amedeo Modigliani tir lingesik dem kagrupepen is pilkapaf martig, dalon sposaf gu intyon delt isu ayikyafa lebaca. Nekev trelapafa klepa, va konak sanoy ayikyaf delt lingeyer. Lan tid grupepen, don :

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Liteva

**Liteva** tir lingeropaf lizor agvavon awiyis koe Franca bak 1863. Remi mon tol-san-alubda jijar voxe tir nekira ke witafa yamba is lo lingeropaf diref lizor.

## Vexala dem litevaf lingeropik
* Frédéric Bazille (1841-1870)
* Eugène Boudin (1824-1898)
* Gustave Caillebotte (1848-1894)
* Mary Cassatt (1844-1926)
* Paul Cézanne (1839-1906)
* Edgar Degas (1834-1917)
* Francesco Filippini (1841-1870)
* Jean-Louis Forain (1852-1931)
* Eva Gonzalès (1849-1883)
* Armand Guillaumin (1841-1927)
* Johan Barthold Jongkind (1819-1891)
* Max Liebermann (1847-1935)
* Édouard Manet (1832-1883)
* Claude Monet (1840-1926)
* Berthe Morisot (1841-1895)
* Camille Pissarro (1830-1903)
* Auguste Renoir (1841-1919)
* Georges Seurat (1859-1891)
* Alfred Sisley (1839-1899)
* Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida (1863-1923)

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Liugenafa sardikya (trutca ke Vermeer)

**Liugenafa sardikya** ~ *Het Slapende Meisje* (NL)

**Liugenafa sardikya** (&nbsp;nederlandavon *Het Slapende Meisje*&nbsp;) tir trutca lumkirafa gu 87.6 × 76.5&nbsp;cm-, i sugdakiraf puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Johannes Vermeer nederlandaf lingesik bak moni 1656-1657.

Bata trutca koe *Metropolitan Museum of Art* koe New York (&nbsp;Tanarasokeem&nbsp;) re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

Bata watsa vas liugenikya nover da lingesik va koekafe tame tusposatase kakever. Katcalat da abica volvura moe azega ke taneaf azent gazar. Konak remtrakusik nueyed kase renasa klokara co tir oken awuzayana rena oken ruyatafa izakuca. Remtrakura tir nuyafa nume nover da dizvesik va intyona klokara gu yambafa redura gesiar.

## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Liwot va Amsterdam (Civitatis orbis terrarum)

**Liwot va Amsterdam** ~ *[[Civitatis orbis terrarum]]* liwotak, 1572

Amsterdam tir widava ke Nederlanda. Liwot vey zovdomaks gan **Cornelis Antoniszoon** bak 1544.

Bat liwot va Amsterdam tisa isti XVI-eafa decemda nedir, ton ordon nederlandaf tazuk ke widavafa kerelera : bost (&nbsp;battode Amstel, kevbayan poke artexo, is dem rust tubelan gan on narilt van bira&nbsp;), is divef molt (&nbsp;reduyun koe katitef pak, i Damrak&nbsp;), is koef molt (&nbsp;katiceon, i Rokin&nbsp;). Kevba kagisa va lava, va vawa ta sidayafa pridura kal emaxe kolnayane moe soa dere yordad. Sanegafa kolna
to koe Dam revava rowina iste zovdom al zo avplekud, tulon savsaf Stadthuis dotaxe dem vakrilefa uja.

Bat gretcaks va Amsterdam ware anammadanaf gu rebavega ke mialukugalafa widava az divatceyena mali taneafa kevbara ke 1240 pimtar, i mali kevbara tazukayasa va Damrak xantaf molt isu Rokin. Amsterdam ke XII-eafa decemda anton tiyir onas moltam, morapaf loon dam Delft widava oku Leiden oku Haarlem. Divatcera bak 1367 az 1380 az 1450 zo epuyud, isen nendas bolk bak 1482 dere zo taneasteyer.

Batcoba tir to benelafa watsa ke bat gretcaks : rebava keskoton konendasa va widava kali vonerapa gorayana gan *Driegrachtenplan* azed ke 1607. Stabrega ke bata savsafa rebavega rekeon ware zo rowid : *Schreierstoren* poke Ij kuksa, is *Waag* keve Nieuwmarkt, is savsaf *Sint-Anthonispoort*, is *Munt*. Keve Damrak divef molt inde batlize zo nedir, va Opt Water etol rowit, i va etol lize jontik dolekik va liwot ik zovdom remi felis tandeem ke Amsterdam wetce dolekaf wid is idja ke glupafo gindaxo koirubayad.

Viele bat wiks koe *[[Civitatis orbis terrarum]]* liwotak bak 1572 taneatomon zo sanegayar, pune Amsterdam va laumasira va moltafa tegiruca toz raplekuyur, nope anamvilara va Antwerpen bak 1576 gan sayakik ke Felipe II gazik ke Espana. Moni 1600, Amsterdam va zolonuca dare tisa ke dilintaf geef kevlaf wid al urlickeyer, isen do Balta Bira is geefa Europa is yona losumepafa coyunta bam gikazayar. Banugale va cofuot ke coba vanpitisa gindaxopo kle al koaykayar, i gindaxo tukevlaso va aryona birafa europafa gijarotiaca ta olgalicura va India. Totara batlize nedina va tariara ke bat savsaf onas widel tigis moe kevba kene artexo ke bostam ixam rietar.

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Liwot va Bremen (Civitatis orbis terrarum)

**Liwot va Bremen** ~ *[[Civitatis orbis terrarum]]* liwotak, 1598

Bremen tir widava valente Germana, vatiteon kene Weser bost, totason rovanstana mal North bira. Liwot vey zovdomaks gan ape **Heinrich von Rantzau**.

Sedme Martin Luther, Bremen zabduyun kenrone Weser bost va intaf yolt vey *bräm* trogarn sugdalas vas temba, vuesteson va vwepafa uvenda dikiyir moeon lize bat wid al vanbliyir. Vanpiyir tujradaxo mali 787 viele Willehad tumtik va okiluja exoneyer, is dere nope arburera va tujradaxo ke Hamburg bak 848 moi anamvilara ke skandaf zierdasik. Bak 965 Otto I naleyer da gard gedin gan Adaldag veytujradik di zo exoneyer.

Bak 1283 Bremen va Hansa gluyista yoteyer voxe arti tolda nope koef skaltugal zo divlapuyur. Bak oxam 1358 gire zo dostegayar. Warzafa skaltera va toleafa divlapura bak 1427 askiyid. Bak 1433 nope dimsulara va oluaroti tic dota gire denfiyir, i va oluaroti vetrovgayani bak 1304. Dolekafa dreema va gijaroti meviele azon di katrasiyid isen roti koe nubeem ke oluikeem di zavzagiyir. Tuke bana warzafa bogruca, Bremen va triguca kaikion rovoneyer.

Bat zovdom va Altstadt wid is gasteem elimon dalinger&nbsp;: i va Vorstadt kenrone Weser kake etoleem lize tegirapa gazar, is ekwa ke Südevorstadt kaike bost. Idjon ice Altstadt, va gard (&nbsp;*Forum*&nbsp;) lente Rathaus dotaxe (&nbsp;*Curia*&nbsp;) ke XV-eafa decemda is wevala (&nbsp;*Der Doem*&nbsp;) ke XII-eafa decemda is dere Liebfrauenkirche uja (&nbsp;*Beate Mariae*&nbsp;) solwipon wit. Isen tere artlente widava (&nbsp;talteon moe zovdom&nbsp;) livek ke *Roman* Sankt Stephan uja (&nbsp;*Sancti Stephani*&nbsp;) vanmadawer.

## Ewavak

View_of_Bremen_in_the_16th_century_-_Hans_Weigel_-_1564.jpg|Zovdaks va Bremen, gan Hans Weigel, 1564


Bremer_Dom_1564_Hans_Weigel.jpg|Zovdaks ke Hans Weigel, 1564 (pinta)
Braun_Bremen_UBHD.jpg|Wiks gan Georg Braun is Frans Hogenberg, 1572


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Liwombusik koe Elgesburg (trutca ke Munch)

**Liwombusik koe Elgesburg** ~ *Kortspillere i Elgersburg* (NO)

**Liwombusik koe Elgesburg** (&nbsp;norgavon *Kortspillere i Elgersburg*&nbsp;) tir trutca, i puntalingeks keve stama skuyun gan Edvard Munch norgaf lingesik bak 1905.

Bata trutca koe Munch tcila koe Oslo koe Norga re (&nbsp;2018&nbsp;) tigir.

### Watsa va ''ombusik''
Remi klepapa, Edvard Munch va konaka trutca ok konak siatos ke mila trutca watson gu ombusik lingeyer. Lana tid grupepena.


File:Edvard Munch - Gamblers in Monte Carlo.jpg|Ombusik koe Monte-Carlo (1)
File:Edvard Munch - At the Roulette Table in Monte Carlo - Google Art Project.jpg|Ombusik koe Monte-Carlo (2)
File:Edvard Munch - Card Players in Elgersburg.jpg|Liwombusik koe Elgesburg


## Dere rupec

## Stragela

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Liwot va Aachen (Civitatis orbis terrarum)

**Liwot va Aachen** ~ *[[Civitatis orbis terrarum]]* liwotak, 1576

Aachen tir widava ke Germana. Liwot vey zovdomaks gan **Henrik Steenwijk**, skuyun moni 1576.

Aachen jontikedje tiyir jowafa widava. Yoltayana gu *Aquisgranum* gan romik poron pu *Apollo Granus* lorik payun gluyon gu tevoya nulafa klita ke widava, Aachen va zolonuca bak gazugal ke Carolus Magnus urlickeyer, i ke gazik volmiv kolnayas va bermapa (&nbsp;*Aula Regia*&nbsp;) wali 777 is 786 is ontinapteyes va widava gu toleaf wid ke dilintafo gindaxo.

Bak bata rekolama, Aachen vanpiyir idjapa ke taltekafa araya. Wali sonara va Ludovicus Pius bak 1813 is tela va Ferdinand I bak 1531, tiyir tugindaxo va bar-sanoy gindik ok gazik. Nekev guinera sopuna gan Viking elakesik bak IX-eafa decemda, to anton bak XII-eafa decemda gu folkay zo konendayar, i gan migexa vegeduyuna wali 1172 is 1176 gan Friedrich Barbarossa. Rebavegafu divefu ivamu, afton rowinu moe bat zovdom, moni 1300 zo tenukeyer ; igaesa rebavega, loon savsafa, va kimeem ke Altstadt wid (&nbsp;yoltkiraf gu *Barbarossa-mauer*&nbsp;) tcalar. Bak XIV-eafa decemda, Aachen, vanpiyis mivvexaf gindaf wid va gudiliara moe tawavo wale Rhein bost isu Maas vamoeson yordayar.

Koe widava, soe, wideytaf rokeem tiyir irutanaf nope tigira ke gazaf bowesik (&nbsp;*vogt*&nbsp;). Bak 1470, exura va dostera va kaatoesik va dreemeem ko bowera nekiyir. Bal XVI-eafa decemda, zolonuca is skapafa triguca ke Aachen illaumayar kiren wid tigiir slikeke poke francafa jowa ta musuca is slikeke sume idja ke germanafo gindaxo ta koneke turestara.

Acum, sonara va Maximilian II bak 1662 koe Frankfurt-am-Main dilizeyer, azen bata prostewa kali atitsura ke Tumtafo Germanafo Romafo Gindaxo wanuweyer.

Bat gretcaks, skuyun moni 1570, va tore vantenus wid nedir. Banugale, Aachen va bar-san-baroya uja digiyir, don gijafa Sankt Follian kolnayana bak XII-eafa decemda is Sankt Paul dem cuisaf ralpot. Gindafa berma va savsafa idja ke Altstadt kereleyer, riwe iste gretcaks. Bat wiks geon disukeson zo zovdomayar.

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Liwot va Cambridge (Civitatis orbis terrarum)

**Liwot va Cambridge** ~ *[[Civitatis orbis terrarum]]* liwotak, 1575

Cambridge tir widava ke Engla koe Britana. Liwot vey zovdomaks gan **William Smith** is **Richard Lyne** bak 1574.

Yolt ke Cambridge tire nutir vey *Grontabricc* (&nbsp;VIII-eafa decemda&nbsp;), azon artowayas ton *Grantebrycg* koe *Anglo-Saxon Chronicle* ugalda bak 875. Xanton, bat yolt gu pemaxo poke za vamoe Cante kuksa (&nbsp;ok Granta ok Cam&nbsp;) ape zo yofteyer. Tisa xopo ke kuksafa totara, inafa rea bak sare ke Henry I ixam zo miwar. Inaf etoleem kene tawova resareon yoltana gu «&nbsp;Backs&nbsp;» titnisa va domega  tigid.

Bak XVI-eafa decemda, Cambridge va sposuca gu intafa kotla danur, i gu kotla tisa ke valevifa xanta vey yona darefa alkafa tcema. Tela losavsafa tiyir Saint Giles Augustus tucpastaxe reduyune bak 1092 az arbureyene ko Barnwell bak 1112. To bak 1224 Francesco veem ko Cambridge koinker, azen Domenico veem. Tucpastik va jontik vayasik koimpayad eke bak 1231 Cambridge wetce kotavexo gan winugaf tegiv kristeyen gan Henry III zo kagrupeyer.

Peterhouse taneafa reila bak 1281-1284 gan Hugh de Balsham tujradik ke Ely zo reduyur. Ara rowina keve bat zovdom tid : Clare reila (&nbsp;1326, vanpiyisa Clare Hall bak 1538, gan Elizabeth of Clare&nbsp;) ; is Trinity Hall reila (&nbsp;1350, gan William Bateman tujradik ke Norwich&nbsp;) ; az Corpus Christi reila (&nbsp;reduyuna bak 1352 yolton gu «&nbsp;House of the Scholars of Corpus Christi and the Blessed Virgin Mary&nbsp;») ; is Pembroke reila (&nbsp;1347, gan Mary de Saint Paul nyobrikya ke Pembroke biptik&nbsp;) ; az King's reila (&nbsp;1441, gan Henry VI&nbsp;). Wafafa amuda ke King's reila bak 1515 di zo tenukeyer ise tir tana locuisafa cugexa ke Europa (&nbsp;genekon ice bat gretcaks&nbsp;).

Azon zo kolnayad : Queen's reila (&nbsp;1445, gire reduyuna bak 1465 gan Elisabeth Woodville kurenikye ke Edward IV&nbsp;), az Saint Catherine's reila (&nbsp;taneasteyena bak 1473 gan Robert Woodlark&nbsp;), az Jesus reila (&nbsp;1496, gan John Alcock tujradik ke Ely&nbsp;) az Christ's reila (&nbsp;1505, gan Margaret Beaufort&nbsp;), az Saint John's reila (&nbsp;1511, dere gan Margaret Beaufort&nbsp;), az Magdalene reila (&nbsp;gire reduyuna bak 1542 kaiki taneafa redura bak 1428 wetce emudexe va vayaf tucpastikeem ke Crowland&nbsp;), az Trinity reila (&nbsp;1546, gan Henry VIII&nbsp;), az Gonville and Caius reila (&nbsp;gire reduyuna bak 1557 gan John Caius kaiki taneafa redura bak 1348 gan Edmund Gonville&nbsp;).

Keve dadeon Bridge vawila talte idja, va Saint Pulchers uja rowit, i va tana balemoya savsafa anamkafa uja ke Engla ; gu Temple veem zo gesiar ise gu 1120-1140 zo evlar.


File:Cambridge_1574_map.jpg|Klitaf liwot ke Lyne, 1574
File:Map of Cambridge by Loggan 1690 - merged.jpg|Liwot ke Loggan, 1690


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Liwot va Den Haag (Civitatis orbis terrarum)

**Liwot va Den Haag** ~ *[[Civitatis orbis terrarum]]* liwotak, 1617

Den Haag tir widava ke Nederlanda. Liwot vey zovdomaks gan **Cornelis Bos** is **Joris Van Hurn** bak 1616.

Bak XIII-eafa decemda anton tiyir tcabaneratrapova vegeduyuna wale dacafo tawavo ke Leiden is telo ke s'Gravezande. Batvieli dun tiyir sokexo ke gazaf aboyikeem solve Amsterdam tir skapafu is ristulafu kelu.

Exonera va diref wid nope yon tuwavaf oblarot dum monefo labaxo is drumefo miduxo is konako graltxo is baspexo zo stapayar, is nope lana tawadayafa kelda. Pokeon savsavafa romafa nuda kagluyasa va savsafa reca ke Rhein bost is tela ke Maas bost tigiyir. Floris IV bak 1229 to moe bat debak va rawaks ke folkdiel (&nbsp;okon *hoeve*&nbsp;) kaaneyayar lize Binnenhof lamone (&nbsp;rowina rone istexo, poke Hofvijver tcuzda&nbsp;) di zo exoneyer. Radimifisik ke Floris IV va batyona kolna divatceyed, kodoplekuson va sokexe mu Willem II is Ridderzaal ke Floris V (&nbsp;moni 1254-1296&nbsp;).

Kiblason va Den Haag wetce sokexo, bipitik (&nbsp;nederlandavon *graven*&nbsp;) va vankedasa rekola joke widava taneasted, tulon wali toleafu acku ke XIV-eafa decemda is toza ke XIV-eafa decemda. Savsafo tawadayafo monaxo (&nbsp;*op de Geest*&nbsp;) vanpiyir opelafa notraca ke aboyaxo, aze bak 1370 gu *dorp* widega winugon zo emayar, i gu ravalduga ware dagina.

Sint Jacobus adlutafa uja (&nbsp;isteon, kan 4-e otuk&nbsp;) wali 1370 is 1470 zo kolnayar, bak taneaf moavugal ke Den Haag. Gan Goth kolna dem aluboy reak bak XV-eafa decemda zo ikaplekuyur. Ant Dominicanenklooster reak lapter. Mon san-toloya amuda is jontikara kolna dere zo vegeduyud. Kene Voorhout narilt, Vijverberg kesi tigir madayani kum tawa maltiolteyena remi suxara va Hofvijver uzda. Kene Kneuterdijk kevba, oluikafa berma tigid.

Bekatire Den Haag va winugaf dotaf rokeem wan me pojar, pune soe ban in bak XV-eafa decemda efayiskon zo kaxaayar. Wid gan koboda is koef mulos me zo umbeyer : vuxa ke vagefa raba, is lyumara dilizesa moi xonukera ke Charles Téméraire bak 1477, is konakakola ik fird ik alkageja. Pelava bak tuyera va [Anyustdafa Geja)] artfiyir viele nekev volokafa tcakera ke irubasikeem, espanik igaeyed. Kadimion, konak dreem ke bowere diminkeyed, don Staten Generaal is aboyikeem ke ''Stathouder'' okilik. Toleaf moavugal ke Den Haag bam tozuweyer, kali toza ke XVII<sup>-eafa</sup> decemda.

Wali 1594 is 1610, warzaf kolom zo suxayad, enide tota koe Spuikwartier di rotewalzeyed. Bak Santoldafu Cenu do [Espana, wali 1609 is 1621, truminda zo vegeduyud, rojuson va welma vas 200 decemiray, don kolniskafu acku. Sanelia ke Den Haag male 7000 irubasik bak 1585 kale 16000 bak 1622 fiyir, kadimi sanegara va bat gretcaks.

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