Titickasa suola

**Tititckasa suola** (&nbsp;ik nemon **suola**&nbsp;) tir poopafa olkotca dem grunsaridja is ekwa&nbsp;; inafa yorda tickir xuvasa titickara va tanoya ok konaka olkotca. Titickara kan suola va rogrikseana poopafa gluya ton azent kev azent, pozlason is stegeson va belcera va toloya olkotca. Liedje impokasa sugara, va poopafa sotcera ksubeckena gan suola me kaikaskir, pune belceks va trituca ke belceyen olkotceem sobelundar.

## Izva
Taneafa grupena awira ke mana poopafa vila favena va tropakorafa welma tid tikis vas tropot. Dimblirugal va awira ke titickasa suola koe bartivak ik gejafoalk ik poopaf vegeduks wir.

Banugale Leonardo da Vinci va yona epusa nuva voneyer. Soe suola nubedon is preksiskon diwan zo epuyud, dace kaiki toza ke rabafa artowara.

Suola mali XIX-eafa decemda rabon zo iad ise taneon tiyid dem ludzekirafa ekwa. Titi XX-eafa decemda, Peter Robertson kanadik va suola dem lujorafa ekwa ganduyur, batkane tatceson da suolasiki keve ekwa rokilder. Milugale maeteson va mil blok, lan amerikik va suola dem bitejkorafa ekwa ganduyur.

Suola dem lujorekwa tir gruvdapafa koe Kanada solve tela dem bitejekwa arlize koe tamava tickir. Soe meka suolinda tir ana suola numen kota inda koe kota patecta zo rotrasir.

## Kira

Tadle ke titickasa suola tir dem :
* **ekwa** kanarisa va tolapo ksubeno gan licasa xeka is rewasa va pozlasa sugara kev ticefa fexa&nbsp;;
* lantode **idja**, i gasitafa akintafa pakava altogisa va jubdaks ke fexa&nbsp;; va kanarira va iwotegara tod isk ke tuistasa pawaga&nbsp;;
* **grunsaridja** ravaldasa va sotcera kan suolara (&nbsp;artazukara va pak ke tolapo kan tropakorafa grunsa&nbsp;);
* lantode **otsa** ravaldasa va nyapera va suola voxik remrura va levek.

Titickasa suola kum cugon azaka zo giliad. Tode tcizarapa va ugal ik rifera zo kucilar, tulon icde titickasa suolama ok selaropaf remtaplekuks, pune ugota dum merotuvaloana azaka ok *laiton* vangluyaks ok gerendel ok iyekot zo rofaved.

## Suolinda
Titickasa suola tid ke toloya lospa kare xuvarinda :
* **belcesa suola** : xuvara gan titak ke ekwa zo sopur ;
* **xuvasa suola** : xuvara gan otsa zo sopur.

### Belcesa suola

Belcesa suola loote tid&nbsp;; va belcen olkotceem gubeon remnid. Gluya kan lirk icde tanoya arburera is toloya lyadara (&nbsp;azent kev azent&nbsp;) zo sopur, voxe kan yotera icde lyadara aname lya ke suola is toloya arburera koe bat azent, vaxeon tod suola dem norazayana ekwa oku lidamafa kanarisa va batyona arburera kan teca tuavaraja. Viele iwotegasa sugara tid loeke dam kanarisa rotira kan pragawera, pune gluya ke tanoya tuavasa pawaga (&nbsp;vox toloya pawaga ede mucusa vula zo gokanarir&nbsp;) zo gotuvarar. Licekana suola va yordara ke pawaga noved. Mantode remrura radimi atoera va olkotceem ton abduak zo gosopud.

Tode suola va belcen olkotceem remrur ise licara gan etekasa tegira ke tanoya suola isu kilbo zo sopur, pune va zarlakirafa gluya (&nbsp;zarla = suola + kilbo&nbsp;) duvut. Edeme suola ko tana gobelcena olkotca battode dadisa va grunseyene fe rontion zo rolicar.

Suolinda kare tazuk ke otsa zo pulad, i ke otsa loleon novesa va nyaperanya ta koplekura gu grunseyene fe :
* **opelafa otsa** (&nbsp;RL&nbsp;) : gubefa iara, somenyaper ;
* **stonekkorafa otsa** (&nbsp;CH&nbsp;) : tela gubefa is loferefa ;
* **drizkorafa otsa** (&nbsp;PN&nbsp;) : ta mivaskafa suolara ;
* **akintakorafa otsa** (&nbsp;PY&nbsp;) : ta mivaskafa suolara.

### Xuvasa suola

## Pulara kare ekwa

Ekwa tir flifa tadlexa vrebafa gu belcesa suola larde to bati ki va xuvara sogiskir, voldum xuvasa suola fereon tisa ekwiskafa. Soe ekwa va toleafi fli ravaldar&nbsp;: va rewara va licaso tolapo kan kalvekafa xeka tisa suolasiki ok marna.

Narayan tazuk va amidaf doimpas ord gotur :
* **Divufa doimpara** :
** Tevkrilaf (&nbsp;poopafa vegedura&nbsp;) : H
** Akintakoraf (&nbsp;poopafa vegedura&nbsp;) : c
** Tevoya divefa vidila (&nbsp;nokesa suola&nbsp;)

* **Koinga** :
** Aluboya suxafa vidila (&nbsp;severofa raba&nbsp;), yoltkirafa gu Aster koinga
** Tevoyi suxafi bopi (&nbsp;poopafa vegedura&nbsp;), yoltkirafa gu BTR ok Allen&nbsp;: HC
** Tevoya koefa vidila (&nbsp;mivaskafa suolara&nbsp;), yoltkirafa gu Torx&nbsp;: X
** Gamdakorafa (&nbsp;mivaskafa suolara&nbsp;), yoltkirafa gu Pozidriv&nbsp;: Z
** Gamdakorafa, yoltkirafa gu Phillips&nbsp;: H
** Ludzekirafa (&nbsp;suolasiki&nbsp;: saneg&nbsp;)
** Ludzekirafa (&nbsp;talolk&nbsp;: saneg&nbsp;)&nbsp;: S
** Big (&nbsp;pilkovafa favera&nbsp;)
** Lujorafa, yoltkirafa gu Robertson&nbsp;:&nbsp;Q
** Barkrilafa
** TooSpeed : TS, nalesa va aluboya suolasikiinda (&nbsp;ludzekirafi suolasiki isu gamdakorafi isu Pozidriv isu lujorafi isu TooSpeed&nbsp;)
** *Pentalobe* suola (&nbsp;malsavena koe sumepulvisikifa raba&nbsp;)
** Merogrisuolana suola : amidafa inda malsavesa va bolk dem tanwoyokaf veyaday gan iasik zo voneyed.
** Kevdubierafa suola, malsavesa va yona biginda psoleyena gan kot iasik numon kodafus va aptafi suolasiki (&nbsp;widavafo guto&nbsp;)

* **Jondoimpara** :
** Ludzekiraf tevkrilaf&nbsp;: HS
** Tevoyi suxafi ludzekirafi bopi&nbsp;: HCS
** Ludzekiraf gamdakoraf&nbsp;: ZS
** Tevoya ludzekirafa vidila&nbsp;: XS

Volkare doimpas bolk, konaka ekwinda krulded, don : suola dem norazayana ekwa&nbsp;; suola dem walzafa ekwa&nbsp;; suola dem akintakorafa ekwa&nbsp;; suola dem azekafa ekwa&nbsp;; inestalakorafa suola&nbsp;; ikz-.

### Lujorafa ok tevkrilafa ekwa

### Ekwa dem tevoyi suxafi bopi, okon Tevkrilafa suxafa ekwa
Bata suola gu HC ok CHC (&nbsp;akintakorafa tevkrilafa suxafa&nbsp;) ok BTR dile zo yoltar.

### Ekwa dem baroyi suxafi bopi, okon Barkrilafa suxafa ekwa

Balemoy lum re pilkomodayan&nbsp;: 2 mm-, 2.3 mm-, 2.6 mm-, 3 mm-.

Tulon koe warzeks ke Asia.

### Suola ta yanta dem tevoyi koefi bopi ( okon Torx )

Kira ke Torx suola tir koinga moe ekwa ton tevgamaf bitej. Gu prostewafa gamdakorafa suola dile zo abdualbar kiren inafa narira kan marna tir lokiewafa.

### Listafa suola ke Irius ord
Kira ke bata suola tir dem veyadaykirafa doimpara leve ekwa num azekaf lent roziken ok rolingen teka suolasiki co rovokidar. Bata suolinda va aptafa suolasa xeka olegar.

### Suola dem koinga dem aluboya koefa vidila (&nbsp;okon ASTER&nbsp;)
Kira ke bata suola tir da koinga to kene grunsa vols moe ekwa sotigir. Ta belcera koe severofa raba zo faved kire va licara va kilbo is giskira va suola tankrilon is milugalon noved. Bata pilkoda tir dulapackafa ta belcera va severo lize lum ke dre me nover da tanoy sopusik va ekwa rogiskir ise va kilbo rolicar.

## Flifa pulara
### Suola ta zielt isu mivgrunsesa

Toloya mivgrunsesa suolinda krulded&nbsp;: suola dem opafa otsa (&nbsp;A ord&nbsp;) favena ta tiguaf zielt (&nbsp;vaf vas cugon 5 mm-&nbsp;), is suola dem azekafa otsa (&nbsp;B ord&nbsp;) favena ta zielt loon vaf oku levek (&nbsp;> 5 mm-&nbsp;). Inde yolt bazecker, fli ke mivgrunsesa suola tickir grunsera va fe ko betceten levek. Abdi fosara, tadlexa zo remruckud isen suola va artig grunser. Batdume grunsesiki ok kilbo tid mefavlafo&nbsp;: batcoba va ugalwaks remi fosara firvir. Batugale mivgrunsesa suola koe indeem ke raba is vegedura manton zo faved.

### Ara mivgrunsesa suola
Levgasa olkotca vas tanoye megrunseyene fe (&nbsp;okon abdufe&nbsp;) ruldar oke me&nbsp;: grunsa ke suola isu otsa tid kalvekafa ta grunsera ba taneafa favera (&nbsp;opafa otsa, feykorafa artefa grunsera, remgabesa grunsa, ikz-&nbsp;). Ke bata loma, tid&nbsp;: prostewafa suola ta inta, tulon kelotafa suolapa is suola ta inta is suola ta girodafa bopica (&nbsp;okon inestalakorafa suola&nbsp;).

### Ara suolinda
* Suola ta licarundana inta&nbsp;: suola dem norazayana ekwa sye envayana ta danteks ke inta. Grunsera suyafa is remgabesa loon dam tela ke gimbafa suola va lokiewafa tcizara va belcera sofirvir.
* Ludevimpasa suola&nbsp;: dem lujorafa ok tevkrilafa ekwa jupasa va logijarotifa suolara. Ta xakolapa, remrura va abdufe vode tir, batkane kastason va arpuma ke roidara ke inta.
* Suolamaserk&nbsp;: ekwiskafa suola ta inta dem maserkkorafa ok demikorafa ridja ta favera wetce bendemasa dokaca.

### Suola ta yanta
Suola ta yanta do kilbo ok grunseyena olkotca dem grunsacka zo gofaved. Grunsaridja tir akintakorafa isen grunsa tir mila male toza ke suola kale tena.

Lana apta, i suola dem lujoraf bergok, va lujoraf bidak tite ridja leve ekwa dir. Do tanoyo kilbo isu anamkuri zo soyazgar.
* Licatason va intafa olkotca&nbsp;: bak kseara va suola, lujoraf bergok va koinga ko inta koingar. Acum bak licara isu kaiki, suola sometanamer voxkiren ant kilbo rotaskir. Ekwa tir anamkafa is gasitafa, ton cwekolk, ise va meka koinga dir.
* Licatason va yantafa olkotca, mana suola va trek kalvekaf gu lujoraf bergok sodir. Bata suolinda ta titickara va kelda ke tralladay ben levek gubeon zo yazgar. Ekwa ke suola koe tilmu zo gotirkar, mekidatason va laday ba inafa impara.

### Epitakorafa suola
Suola anton pakon zo grunser. Lebaf pak dive jalafa olkotca zavzagitir. Bata suola va tirkaracka is tirkafa giskira kle belcon sogrunser&nbsp;; batcoba va yazgara va tirkasa pawaga vol olegar.

### Mivremrusa suola
Mivremrusa suola dere krulder, dem semakorafa otsa. Va rontifa suolara ko azaka ok nedel nover, a abdilafa remrusa ik grunsera sopura. Mana suolinda va azaka vas cugon 16 mm- remrur. Rotir kum azaka ok merotuvaloana azaka ok tolyanta (&nbsp;dem idja kum merotuval- is otsa kum azaka&nbsp;), ke SX ord.

Mivremrusa suola dene vegedusa raba nelkon zo yazgar :
* ta pencara ;
* ta tugilavara ke azakafa juma ;
* ta iara va PVC ok nedelaf dilk ;
is ta iara va azeba ke gena.

## Preksa
### Preksafa dasugdara
Dasugdara va suola va pilkomodara va grunsinda is xakola ke suola is tcizarafa pula (&nbsp;okon dugapula&nbsp;) ke zanien gor nover. Tulon, icde 8.8-e dugapula, taneafe 8-e va tcizara va joawera lofa ok lifa dam vas 800 MPa (&nbsp;8×100&nbsp;) bazecker, isen taneafe 8-e da terafa kima tir vas 80 % ke Rm (&nbsp;8×10 %, ok 8×0,1&nbsp;), trabe Re = 0.8×800 =&nbsp;640 MPa. Bata suolinda tid stasa loon dam suola ke 10.9-e pula oku 12.9-e tod gla num leon impawesafa.

### Kaatoera
Kaatoera va suola malaskickisa va mil vexeem lieke ta ara olkotca tir merogalpena. Valevef vierd skuyun gan vusiko va kasaf divedjaf kaatoeks va lana suola nedickir&nbsp;: neken mancoba va ugalap co kucilar voxise icde lumamafa suola tisa gubefa co tumerobelinawer.


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File: Vis H M5-25.svg|


Ton ckanefa zovdara, kona suola prekson tire zo kaatoecker. Favena agvava va suxoma ke grunsa kan sordafa conya (&nbsp;trenafa tiguafa conyeta&nbsp;) tigisa drume ug kaatoer. Conyetapa reme ridja va tirka ke ironokafa varafa grunsa bazecker, i va tirka vas aptedjafa welma kevon elekasa va kilbo. Battode suola dem tevkrilafa ekwa.

### ISO preksa
* ISO 7046-1 : Suola ta yanta dem norazayana ekwa is gamdakorafa koinga ke H ord oku Z — A eka — 1-e pak&nbsp;: azaka ke 4.8-e dugapula.
* ISO 7046-2 : Suola ta yanta dem norazayana ekwa is gamdakorafa koinga ke H ord oku Z — A eka — 2-e pak&nbsp;: azaka ke 8.8-e dugapula, merotuvaloana azaka is meazilafa yanta.
* ISO 7721 : Suola dem norazayana ekwa — Tazukara va ekwa is ageltara kan snixa.
* ISO 7721-2 : Suola dem norazayana ekwa — 2-e pak&nbsp;: konise aludeve ke gamdakorafa koinga.
* ISO 7379 : Epitakorafa suola.

## Favera
### Jadiaca
Suola zo faved ta :
* katanasa belcera va toloya olkotca, ton tanoya rozanudasa va kilbo, kan kodoplekura va grunsera&nbsp;;
* xuvasa belcera : suola ton « xuvasa suola » battode zo malsaver&nbsp;;
* elekara va olkotca : va aptedja zanudar&nbsp;;
* lyadasa ok arburesa nyapera&nbsp;;
* tenekara va tirka.

### Lumara
Ta kota favera, apton icde belcesa cuola, lumara mali envara va belcera zo nyurnar. Frimara is stegefa vwa va gotura va vugaf lum kare tikisa ugota nover.

### Grunsafe abrotce
Gubefe abrotce gitir :
* 1 × xakola ke suola : icde azakafa suolinda ko azaka&nbsp;;
* 1.5 × xakola ke suola : icde azakafa suolinda ko lomildaf ugot&nbsp;;
* 5 × xakola ke pima : ta belcera va pima.
Bat vuesteks va patavara someikaplekud. 

### Patavara va tcizara

## Vuestexa

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