Бакъбаккул Европа

**Бакъбаккул Европа** ккола Европияб континенталъул бахъбаккул рахълъун. "Бакъбаккул Европа" абураб концепталъул буго геополитикиял, географиял, этникиял, маданиял ва социо-экономикиял коннотациязул гӀатӀидаб спектр. Регионалъул цӀикӀкӀанисеб букӀа ккола Россиялъ, жиб Европаялда бищун кӀудияб ва агьлулъи цӀикӀкӀараб бугеб, гьелъ ккола континенталъул ракъдаллъиялъул 40%; гьединго кинабниги агьлулъиялъул къадаралдаса 15%.

## МугъчӀваял

## ТӀадеги цӀалиялъе

* Applebaum, Anne. *Iron Curtain: The Crushing of Eastern Europe, 1944–1956* (2012)
* Berend, Iván T. *Decades of Crisis: Central and Eastern Europe before World War II* (2001)
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* Day, Alan J. et al. *A Political and Economic Dictionary of Eastern Europe* (2nd ed 2007) abstract
* Donert, Celia, Emily Greble, and Jessica Wardhaugh. "New Scholarship on Central and Eastern Europe." *Contemporary European History* 26.3 (2017): 507-507. DOI: New Scholarship on Central and Eastern Europe
* Frankel,  Benjamin. *The Cold War 1945-1991. Vol. 2, Leaders and other important figures in the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, China, and the Third World* (1992), 379pp of biographies.
* Frucht, Richard, ed. *Encyclopedia of Eastern Europe: From the Congress of Vienna to the Fall of Communism* (2000)
* Fuchs-Schündeln, Nicola, and Matthias Schündeln. "The long-term effects of communism in Eastern Europe." *Journal of Economic Perspectives* 34.2 (2020): 172–91. online
* Gal, Susan and Gail Kligman, *The Politics of Gender After Socialism* (Princeton University Press, 2000).
* Gorshkov, Boris B. "Serfdom: Eastern Europe." in *Encyclopedia of European Social History,* edited by Peter N. Stearns, (vol. 2: 2001), pp.&nbsp;379–388. Online
* Ghodsee, Kristen R. *Lost in Transition: Ethnographies of Everyday Life After Communism* (Duke University Press, 2011).
* Held, Joseph, ed. *The Columbia History of Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century* (1993)
* Jeffries, Ian, and Robert Bideleux. *The Balkans: A Post-Communist History* (2007).
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* Jelavich, Barbara. *History of the Balkans, Vol. 1: Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries* (1983)
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* Ramet, Sabrina P. *Eastern Europe: Politics, Culture, and Society Since 1939* (1999)
* Roskin, Michael G. *The Rebirth of East Europe* (4th ed. 2001); 204pp
* Schenk, Frithjof Benjamin, Mental Maps: The Cognitive Mapping of the Continent as an Object of Research of European History, EGO - European History Online, Mainz: Institute of European History , 2013, retrieved: March 4, 2020 (pdf).
* Schevill, Ferdinand. *The History of the Balkan Peninsula; From the Earliest Times to the Present Day* (1966)
* Seton-Watson, Hugh. *Eastern Europe Between the Wars 1918-1941* (1945) online
* Simons, Thomas W. *Eastern Europe in the Postwar World* (1991)
* Snyder, Timothy. *[[Bloodlands|Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin]]* (2011)
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* Stavrianos, L.S. * The Balkans Since 1453* (1958), major scholarly history; online free to borrow
* Swain, Geoffrey and Nigel Swain, *Eastern Europe Since 1945* (3rd ed. 2003)
* Verdery, Katherine. *What Was Socialism and What Comes Next?* Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996.
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* Walters, E. Garrison. *The Other Europe: Eastern Europe to 1945* (1988) 430pp; country-by-country coverage
* Wolchik, Sharon L. and Jane L. Curry, eds. *Central and East European Politics: From Communism to Democracy* (2nd ed. 2010), 432pp
* Wolff, Larry: *Inventing Eastern Europe: The Map of Civilization on the Mind of the Enlightenment*. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1994. 
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## РегӀелал

* Interview with historian Larry Wolff on "Inventing Eastern Europe"
* Eastern Europe Economic Data
* Emerging Europe - A new narrative for the region