সাধাৰণ গোলাপী পখিলা

**সাধাৰণ গোলাপী পখিলা** (, বৈজ্ঞানিক নাম-*Pachliopta aristolochiae*), *Pachliopta*গণৰ অন্তৰ্ভুক্ত এটা চাতকনেজীয়া পখিলা (Swallowtail butterfly)ৰ প্ৰজাতি৷ দক্ষিণ আৰু দক্ষিণ-পূব এছিয়াত ই বহুলভাৱে বিস্তৃত হৈ আছে৷

## বিৱৰণ
মতা সাধাৰণ গোলাপী পখিলাৰ পাখিৰ ওপৰৰ অংশ বেঙুনীয়া ক'লা বৰণীয়া হয়৷ আগফালৰ পাখি (Forewing)ত দীঘলীয়া বগা আঁচ ( adnervular streaks) কিছুমান থাকে৷ কিন্তু এই আঁচবোৰে কাষ দুটা স্পৰ্শ নকৰেহি৷  ইয়াৰ পিছফালৰ পাখিত কাষ দুটাৰ ওচৰত ৰঙা ঘূৰণীয়া ফোঁট থাকে৷ তাৰ ওপৰলৈ পাখিৰ মাজ অংশত দীঘলীয়া বগা ফোঁট (discal markings) কিছুমানো দেখা যায়৷  

মাইকী সাধাৰণ গোলাপী পখিলা দেখাত মতা পখিলাটোৰ দৰেই, কেৱল ইয়াৰ পাখি দুখন মতাটোতকৈ কিছু বেছি বহল হয়৷

## টেক্স'নমি
সাধাৰণ গোলাপী পখিলাৰ বৰ্তমানলৈকে  ২০ বিধ উপ-প্ৰজাতি চিনাক্ত কৰা হৈছে৷ ইয়াৰে উল্লেখযোগ্য উপ-প্ৰজাতি কিছুমান হ'ল-
* *A. (P.) aristolochiae aristolochiae* Fabricius.ভাৰত
* *A. (P.) aristolochiae sawi* Evans. নিকোবৰ দ্বীপপুঞ্জ
* *A. (P.) aristolochiae camorta* Moore. নিকোবৰ দ্বীপপুঞ্জ
* *A. (P.) aristolochiae goniopeltis* Walter Rothschild. আন্দামান দ্বীপপুঞ্জ, ম্যানমাৰ 
* *A. (P.) aristolochiae kondulana* Evans. নিকোবৰ দ্বীপপুঞ্জ

## বিতৰণ
সাধাৰণ গোলাপী পখিলা সমগ্ৰ এছিয়া মহাদেশতে বহুলভাৱে বিস্তৃত হৈ আছে৷ প্ৰধানকৈ আফগানিস্তান, পাকিস্তান, ভাৰত, নেপাল, শ্ৰীলংকা, ম্যানমাৰ, থাইলেণ্ড, জাপান, লাওছ, ভিয়েটনাম, নিকোবৰ দ্বীপপুঞ্জ, মালয়েছিয়া, ফিলিপাইনছ, ইণ্ডোনেছিয়া আৰু টাইৱান আদিত ইয়াক দেখিবলৈ পোৱা যায়৷

## বাসস্থান
সাধাৰণ গোলাপী পখিলা বিভিন্ন ধৰণৰ বাসস্থানত থাকিবৰ বাবে অভিযোজিত ৷ দাক্ষিণাত্যত ইয়াক সাগৰ পৃষ্ঠৰ পৰা ৮০০০ ফুট পৰ্যন্ত আৰু পূবৰ হিমালয়ত ৫০০০ ফুট পৰ্যন্ত দেখা পোৱা গৈছে৷ নগৰীয়া অঞ্চলৰ বাগিচা আদিতো ইয়াক প্ৰায়ে দেখা যায়৷

## আচৰণ
It is the commonest of the large tailed butterflies of India and one of the most interesting butterflies for the Indian amateur naturalist to observe.The **Common Rose** is active much earlier in the mornings than most butterflies and remains so throughout the day until dusk. It flies just as readily in the shade as in the sun, and frequently visits flowers.

### অনুকৰণধৰ্মিতা
The red body, slow peculiar flight, bright colouration and pattern of the wings are meant to indicate to predators that this butterfly is inedible, being well protected by the poisons it has sequestered from its larval food plant. It also emits a nasty smelling substance when handled to further enhance its unappealing qualities. Hence it is rarely attacked by predators, a strategy so successful, that edible butterflies have evolved to mimic it, the classical example being that of the female morph of the **[[Papilio polytes|Common Mormon]]** that is *Papilio polytes*, female form *stichius*.
### খাদ্য
The **Common Rose** frequently visits flowers such as *Lantana*, *Cosmos*, *Zinnia*, *Jatropha* and *Clerodendron*. The butterfly occasionally also visits wet patches. In parts of Sri Lanka, the males are known to congregate and form a beautiful sight while mud-puddling.

## জীৱনচক্ৰ
### কণী
The female has been observed inspecting Aristolochiae plants and selecting healthy plants with verdant growth to ensure adequacy of food for its voracious caterpillars. It lays round and reddish eggs with fine black markings. The eggs are laid singly on top, the underside of leaves or even on shoots.
### পলু

The caterpillar is a beautiful velvety maroon colour and has a beautiful white band on a segment on its middle reminiscent of a belt or collar. It has numerous fleshy red-tipped white protuberances on the body. It is bulky and slow in its movements. It is a beautiful caterpillar.

### লেটা

The pupa is brownish with various shades of brown and pink markings.

## পলুৰ খাদ্য
The larvae feed on creepers and climbers of the genus *[[Aristolochia]]*, Family Aristolochiaceae and they sequester toxins such as aristolochic acid in their bodies. This makes the adults toxic to vertebrate predators such as birds and reptiles.  Larval foodplants include:
* *Aristolochia bracteolata*
* *Aristolochia indica*
* *Aristolochia tagala*
* *Aristolochiae griffithi*
* *Thottea siliquosa*

## আলোকচিত্ৰৰ ভঁৰাল

File:Atrophaneura aristolochiae goniopeltis MHNT dos.jpg|Museum specimen, male, dorsal side
File:Atrophaneura aristolochiae goniopeltis MHNT ventre.jpg|Museum specimen, female, ventral side
File:Pandiyana aristolochiae polytes helenus.png|Similar species
Image:Commonrose cat sec.jpg |Caterpillar
Image:Commonrose cat2 sec.jpg |Caterpillar
File:Atrophaneura aristolochiae caterpillar in bangalore.JPG|Caterpillar about to pupate
Image:Common Rose Cat in Hyderabad, AP W IMG 0050.jpg|Caterpillar in Hyderabad, India
Image:Commonrose pupa sec.jpg |Pupa
Image:ST001_Pachliopta_aristolochiae.jpg|Freshly emerged adult
image:Common_Rose.jpg|Common Rose Adult
Image:Common Rose (Pachliopta aristolochiae) on Waltheria indica W IMG 0020.jpg|on *[[Waltheria indica]]* in Hyderabad, India
Image:Common Rose (Pachliopta aristolochiae) on a Kadi Patta (Murraya koenigii) tree at Jayanti, Duars, West Bengal W Picture 174.jpg| on a Kadi Patta *[[Murraya koenigii]]* tree at Jayanti in  Buxa Tiger Reserve in Jalpaiguri district of  West Bengal, India
Image:Common Rose (Pachliopta aristolochiae) on Clerodendrum viscosum at Samsing, Duars, West Bengal W IMG 6271.jpg|on *[[Clerodendrum viscosum]]* at Samsing in Darjeeling district of  West Bengal, India
Image:Common Rose (Pachliopta aristolochiae) on Clerodendrum viscosum at Samsing, Duars, West Bengal W IMG 6268.jpg|on *[[Clerodendrum viscosum]]*  at Samsing in Darjeeling district of  West Bengal, India
File:Common Rose (Pachliopta aristolochiae) W IMG 9133.jpg|On *[[Lantana]]* species in Keesara, Ranga Reddy district, Andhra Pradesh, India


## তথ্যসূত্ৰ

* Collins, N.M. & Morris, M.G. (1985) Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World. IUCN. ISBN 2-88032-603-6
* Evans, W.H. (1932) The Identification of Indian Butterflies. (2nd Ed), Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai, India
* Gaonkar, Harish (1996) Butterflies of the Western Ghats, India (including Sri Lanka) - A Biodiversity Assessment of a threatened mountain system. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society.
* Gay, Thomas; Kehimkar, Isaac & Punetha, J.C.(1992) Common Butterflies of India. WWF-India and Oxford University Press, Mumbai, India.
* Kunte, Krushnamegh  (2005) Butterflies of Peninsular India. Universities Press.
* Munshi, G. H.; & Moiz, S. A., 1967  Host plant specificity of the black swallowtail butterfly, *Polydorus aristolochiae* (Papilionidae) *Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society* 21: 127-128 [pdf](http://peabody.research.yale.edu/jls/pdfs/1960s/1967/1967-21(2)127-Munshi.pdf)
*Munshi, G. H.; & Moiz, S. A., 1968 The pupa of *Polydorus aristolochiae* (Papilionidae) *Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society* 22:115-118 [pdf](http://peabody.research.yale.edu/jls/pdfs/1960s/1968/1968-22(2)115-Munshi.pdf)
*Munshi, G. H.; & Moiz, S. A., 1968 Some observations on and description of *Polydorus aristolochiae* (Papilionidae). *Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society* 22(3):183-185, 2 tbls [pdf](http://peabody.research.yale.edu/jls/pdfs/1960s/1968/1968-22(3)183-Munshi.pdf)
*Munshi, G. H.; & Moiz, S. A., 1969 Detailed description of larva of *Polydorus aristolochiae* *Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society* 23: 107-109 [pdf](http://peabody.research.yale.edu/jls/pdfs/1960s/1969/1969-23(2)107-Munshi.pdf)
*Munshi, G. H.; & Moiz, S. A., 1970 Studies on the biology and seasonal history of *Polydorus aristolochiae* (Papilionidae).  *Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society*: 19-22, 4 tbls [pdf](http://peabody.research.yale.edu/jls/pdfs/1970s/1970/1970-24(1)19-Munshi.pdf)
* Wynter-Blyth, M.A. (1957) Butterflies of the Indian Region, Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai, India.

## বাহ্যিক সংযোগ
*Sri Lanka Wild Life Information Database 
	

* http://www.angelfire.com/journal2/chinfahshin/history/rose.html
* http://www.srilankaninsects.net/Butterflies/Papilionidae/CommonRose/CommonRose.htm 

শ্ৰেণী:পখিলা