open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
ܬܠܝܬܝܘܬܐ

[300px|thumb|ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕܬܠܝܬܝܘܬܐ ܩܕܝܫܬܐ ܒ[ܦܐܪܝܣ ܒܦܪܢܣܐ]]

ܒܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ **ܬܠܝܬܝܘܬܐ ܩܕܝܫܬܐ** ܗܝ ܚܘܝܕܐ ܕܐܒܐ (ܐܠܗܐ) ܘܕܒܪܐ (ܝܫܘܥ) ܘܕܪܘܚܐ ܕܩܘܕܫܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܒܪܐ (ܐܠܗܐ)

**ܒܪܐ** ܗܘ ܩܢܘܡܐ ܬܪܝܢܐ ܕܬܠܝܬܝܘܬܐ ܩܕܝܫܬܐ ܒܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ. ܐܬܡܬܠ ܒܪܐ ܒܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ ܒܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ.

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
*ܐܒܐ (ܐܠܗܐ)
*ܪܘܚܐ ܕܩܘܕܫܐ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܐܒܐ (ܐܠܗܐ)

**ܐܒܐ** ܗܘ ܩܢܘܡܐ ܩܕܡܝܐ ܕܬܠܝܬܝܘܬܐ ܩܕܝܫܬܐ ܒܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
*ܒܪܐ (ܐܠܗܐ)
*ܪܘܚܐ ܕܩܘܕܫܐ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܨܠܘܬܐ ܡܪܝܡܝܬܐ

thumb|ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕܡܪܝܡ ܘܕܡܠܐ̈ܟܐ

**ܨܠܘܬܐ ܡܪܝܡܝܬܐ**  (ܝܘܢܐܝܬ: Άβε Μαρία܄ ܠܐܛܝܢܐܝܬ: Ave Maria) ܗܝ ܨܠܘܬܐ ܕܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ ܠܒܬܘܠܬܐ ܡܪܝܡ ܐܡܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ܀

## ܨܠܘܬܐ
## ܣܘܪܝܐܝܬ ܒܥܕܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܬܪܝܨܬ ܫܘܒܚܐ

:ܫܠܡ ܠܟܝ ܒܬܘܠܬܐ ܡܪܝܡ 
:ܡܠܝܬ ܛܝܒܘܬܐ
:ܡܪܢ ܥܡܟܝ
:ܡܒܪܟܬܐ ܐܢܬܝ ܒܢܫ̈ܐ
:ܘܡܒܪܟ ܗܘ ܦܐܪܐ ܕܒܟܪܣܟܝ ܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ
:ܐܘ ܩܕܝܫܬܐ ܡܪܝܡ ܝܠܕܬ ܐܠܗܐ
:ܨܠܝ ܚܠܦܝܢ ܚܛܝ̈ܐ
:ܗܫܐ ܘܒܫܥܬ ܡܘܬܢ
:ܐܡܝܢ܀

### ܣܘܪܝܐܝܬ ܒܥܕܬܐ ܡܪܢܝܬܐ
:ܫܠܡܠܟܝ ܡܪܝܡ
:ܡܠܝܬ ܛܝܒܘܬܐ
:ܡܪܢ ܥܡܟܝ
:ܡܒܪܟܬܐ ܐܢܬܝ ܒܢܫ̈ܐ
:ܘܡܒܪܟ ܗܘ ܦܐܪܐ ܕܟܪܣܟܝ ܝܫܘܥ
:ܡܪܬܝ ܡܪܝܡ ܐܡܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ
:ܐܬܟܫܦܝ ܚܠܦܝܢ ܚܢܢ ܚܛܝ̈ܐ
:ܗܫܐ ܘܒܫܥܬܐ ܕܡܘܬܢ
:ܐܡܝܢ

### ܝܘܢܐܝܬ

:Θεοτόκε Παρθένε, χαῖρε,
:κεχαριτωμένη Μαρία,
:ὁ Κύριος μετὰ σοῦ.
:εὐλογημένη σὺ ἐν γυναιξί,
:καὶ εὐλογημένος ὁ καρπὸς τῆς κοιλίας σου,
:ὅτι Σωτήρα ἔτεκες τῶν ψυχῶν ἡμῶν.


### ܪܗܘܡܐܝܬ

:Ave Maria, gratia plena Dominus tecum;
:Benedicta tu in mulieribus,
:et benedictus fructus ventris tui, Jesus.
:Sancta Maria, Mater Dei ora pro nobis peccatoribus,
:nunc et in hora mortis nostrae. Amen.


## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
* ܨܠܘܬܐ ܡܪܢܝܬܐ

## ܐܣܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܪ̈ܝܐ
* ܨܠܘܬܐ ܡܪܢܡܝܬܐ ܙܡܝܪܬܐ ܡܢ ܡܐܓܕܐ ܐܠܪܘܡܝ

## ܡܒܘܥ̈ܐ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܓܠܝܠܐ

thumb|300px|ܓܠܝܠܐ

**ܓܠܝܠܐ** (ܥܒܪܐܝܬ: הגליל‎܄ ܠܐܛܝܢܐܝܬ: Galileia܄ ܥܪܒܐܝܬ: الجليل) ܗܝ ܐܪܥܐ ܪܒܬܐ ܒܓܪܒܝܐ ܕܐܝܣܪܐܝܠ܂ ܐܬܬܠܬܬ ܠܬܠܬ ܡܢܘ̈ܢ: ܓܠܝܠܐ ܥܠܝܬܐ ܘܓܠܝܠܐ ܬܚܬܝܬܐ ܘܓܠܝܠܐ ܡܥܪܒܝܬܐ. ܢܨܪܬ ܗܝ ܚܕܐ ܡܢ ܡܕ̈ܝܢܬܐ ܪܘܪ̈ܒܬܐ ܒܐܪܥܐ ܗܕܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܐܝܣܪܐܝܠ
ܐܣܝܐ (ܫܕܬܐ)

300px|thumb|ܐܣܝܐ

**ܐܣܝܐ** (ܢܩܒܬܢܝܐ **ܐܣܝܬܐ**) ܗܘ ܐܢܫܐ ܕܝܕܥ ܘܡܫܬܘܕܐ ܘܐܚܝܕ ܐܘܡܢܘܬܐ ܕܐܣܝܘܬܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܐܣܝܘܬܐ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܫܕܬܐ
ܪܕܝܬܐ

250px|thumb|ܪܕܝܬܐ ܥܬܝܩܬܐ
250px|thumb|ܪܕܝܬܐ ܗܫܝܬܐ

**ܪܕܝܬܐ** ܗܝ ܡܪܟܒܬܐ ܕܐܙܠܐ ܥܠ ܝܒܫܐ ܘܐܝܬ ܠܗ̇ ܓܝܓܠ̈ܐ ܘܡܙܝܥܢܐ ܕܝܩܕܐ ܓܘܝܐ܀
ܐܣܘܬܐ ܕܠܐ ܬܚܘܡܐ

**ܐܣܘ̈ܬܐ ܕܠܐ ܬܚܘ̈ܡܐ** (ܦܪܢܣܝܐ Médecins sans frontières) ܗܝ ܡܛܟܣܬܐ ܠܐ ܫܘܠܛܢܝܬܐ ܥܘܕܪܢܝܬܐ ܐܫܬܬܐܣܬ ܒܫܢܬ 1971.
ܛܝܣܬܐ

300px|thumb|ܛܝܣܬܐ

**ܛܝܣܬܐ** ܗܝ ܡܪܟܒܬܐ ܕܬܦܪܚ ܒܐܐܪ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
*ܒܝܬ ܛܘܣܐ
ܒܝܬ ܛܘܣܐ

300px|thumb|ܛܝܣܬܐ ܒܒܝܬ ܛܘܣܐ

**ܒܝܬ ܛܘܣܐ** ܗܘ ܕܘܟܬܐ ܕܢܦܪ̈ܚܢ ܘܢܝ̈ܬܒܢ ܛܝܣ̈ܬܐ܀
ܐܣܝܘܬܐ

[thumb|[ܚܘܛܪܐ ܕܐܣܩܠܝܦܝܘܣ ܗܘ ܪܡܙܐ ܕܐܣܝܘܬܐ]]

**ܐܣܝܘܬܐ** ܗܝ ܝܘܠܦܢܐ ܐܘ ܐܘܡܢܘܬܐ ܕܝܨܦܐ ܕܚܘܠܡܢܐ ܘܐܣܝܐ ܟܘܪܗܢܐ ܦܪܝܫܐܝܬ ܕܒܢܝ̈ܢܫܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܐܣܝܘܬܐ
ܬܘܠܥܐ

thumb|ܬܘܠܥܐ ܕܐܪܥܐ

**ܬܘܠܥܐ** ܪ̈ܚܫܐ ܗܘ ܙܥܘܪܐ ܐܪܝܟ ܓܘܫܡܐ ܕܪܫܦ ܥܠ ܐܪܥܐ ܟܕ ܠܝܬ ܠܗ ܪ̈ܓܠܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܚܝܘܬܐ
ܙܝܬܐ

300px|thumb|ܙܝܬܐ

**ܙܝܬܐ** ܐܘ **ܙܝܬܘܢܐ** ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܝܥܝܬܐ. ܝܥܐ ܒܐܬܪ̈ܘܬܐ ܕܝܡܐ ܚܘܪܐ ܡܨܥܝܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܥܝܬܐ
ܝܡܐ ܪܒܐ

400px|thumb|ܝܡܐ ܪܒܐ (Mediterranean Sea)

**ܝܡܐ ܪܒܐ** ܐܘ **ܝܡܐ ܐܚܪܝܐ** ܢܦܠ ܠܡܥܪܒܐ ܕܐܣܝܐ ܒܝܢܬ ܐܘܪܘܦܐ ܘܒܝܢܬ ܐܦܪܝܩܐ. ܗܢܐ ܝܡܐ ܪܒ ܡܢ ܟܠ ܝܡܡ̈ܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܡܡܐ
ܐܙܟ

ܢܦܠܐ ܡܕܝܢܬ **ܐܙܟ̥** ܐܘ **ܗܐܙܟ** ܡܫܡܗܬܐ ܒܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ ܥܶܠܝܬܐ ܒܡܕܢܚ ܬܝܡܰܢ ܛܘܪܩܝܐ܆ ܒܐܬ̥ܪܐ ܕ ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ ܡܒܪܟ̥ܐ܆ ܘܝܘܡܢܐ ܐܝܬ̥ܝܗ ܒܐܬ̥ܪܐ ܕ ܛܘܪܩܝܐ ܒܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕ ܫܝܪܢܐܟ ܆ ܩܪܝܒܬܐ ܡܢ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ  ܕ ܡܪܕܝܢ.

## ܫܡܐ ܕܐܙܟ̥
ܐܙܟ̥ (آزخ )  (Azekh , Azakh) ܒܩܛܢܝܘܬ̥ܐ ܬܘܪܟܝܬܐ ܐܝܬ̥ܘܗܝ ܐܝܕܠ (إيدل )  (Idil )܆  ܘܫܡܗ̊ ܫܪܝܪܐ ܒܡܟܬܒܙܒܢܐ ܐܝܬܘܗܝ (ܒܐܙܒܕܝ ܐܘ ܒܝܬ̥ ܙܒܕܰܝ ) ܡܪܥܝܬܐ ܒܪܝܟ̥ܬܐ ܘܡܫܡܗܬܐ ܆ 

## ܓܢ̱ܒܪܘܬܐ ܕ ܐܙܟ
ܝܘܡܢܐ ܣܦܩܬ ܠܗ̊ ܐܙܟ ܡܢ ܥܡܘܪܝܗ̊ ܣܘܪ̈ܝܳܝܐ ܆ ܣܛܪ ܡܢ ܚܕܟܡܐ ܐ̱ܝܩܪ̈ܬ̥ܐ܆ ܘܗܝ ܡܕܝܢ̱ܬܐ ܓܢ̱ܒܪܬܐ܆ ܚܣܢܐ ܕ ܝܠܕܬ̥ ܐܠܗܐ ܡܪܝܡ ܡܫܡܗܐ ܕܐܩܪܒܬ̥ ܚܠܦ ܐܙܟ̥ܝ̈ܐ ܒ ܩܛܠܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܐ܆ ܕܗܘܐ ܥܠ ܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ܆ ܒܟܠܗ ܐܬ̥ܪܐ ܕ ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ܆ ܒܫܢܬ 1915 - 1919ܡ  ܘܒܡܕܒܚ̈ܬܐ ܕ ܪܐܘܢܕܘܙ 1895ܡ܆ ܘܦܠܛܬ ܐܙܟ ܡܢ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܓܕܫ̈ܐ ܗܠܝܢ ܡܪܝܪ̈ܐ ܒܐܬܠܝܛܘܬ̥ܐ  ܘܓܢ̱ܒܪܘܬ̥ܐ ܣܟ̥ ܠܐ ܡܬܛܥܝܐ ܒܟܠܗ ܡܟܬܒܙܒܢܐ ܕܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܥܡ ܐܚܘ̈ܬܗ̊ ܒܐܓ̥ܘܢܐ ܥܝܢܘܪܕܐ ܘ ܐܪܒܐ ܘ ܒܡܬܥܕܪܢܘܬܐ ܕܥܡܐ ܕܩܪܝܬܐ ܕ ܟܦܫܢܐ ܕܐܬܚܡܣܢ ܗ̱ܘܐ ܒܡܪܥܝܬ ܒܝܬ ܙܒܕܝ ܕܗܝ ܐܙܟ̥܆ ܘܟܢ ܒܐܚܪ̈ܝܬܐ ܕܬܠܝܬܝܢܝܬ̈ܐ ܘܫܘܪܝ 1943 ܐܬܓܠܘܝܘ ܣܘܓܐܐ ܕ ܐܙܟܝ̈ܐ܆ ܐܘ ܫܪܝܪܐܝܬ̥ ܫܢܝܘ ܘܠܐ ܐܬܓܠܘܝܘ܆ ܘܥܒܪܘ ܬܚܘܡܐ ܕ ܣܘܪܝܐ܆ ܘܫܬܐܣ ܡܕܝܢ̱ܬܐ ܕ ܕܝܪܝܟ ܕܗܝ ܡܐܠܟܝܗ ܝܘܡܢܐ܆ ܘܐܬܐ ܡܢܗܘܢ ܠܡܕܝܢܬ ܩܡܫܠܝ ܡܚܣܢܬ̥ ܒܐܠܗܐ ܘ ܩܒܪ̈ܐ ܚܘܪ̈ܐ ܆ ܘܡܢ ܪܒ ܩܘܝܐܣ ܕܝܠܗ̊ ܟܦܫܢܐ ܘ ܚܕܠ܆ ܘ ܐܣܦܣ ܘ ܥܡܝܪܝܢ ܘܬܠ ܒܠ ܘܣܛܪ. ܘܡܫܝܚܝܘܬ̥ܐ ܥܠܬ ܠܐܙܟ̥ ܒܟ̥ܝܪܐܝܬ ܡܢ ܕܪܐ ܩܕܡܝܐ ܘܐܫܬܟܚ ܫܡܐ ܕܚܕ ܐܦܣܩܘܦܐ ܥܠ ܒܝܬܙܒܕܝ ܡܢ ܫܢܬ 120ܡ.

## ܡܒܘ̈ܥܐ
#ܟܬܒܐ ܕܒܝܬܙܒܕܝ (ܐܙܟ) ܓܕܫ̈ܐ ܘܓܒܪ̈ܐ ܠܡܚܣܝܐ ܫܡܫܐ ܝܘܣܦ ܐܠܩܣ - ܣܘܪܝܐ. 
#2ܟܬ̥ܒܐ ܕ ܒܝܬܙܒܕܝ ܗܪܘܡܐ ܕܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ ܠܫܡܫܐ ܐܪܟ̥ܕܝܩܢܐ ܠܚܕܐ ܐܣܚܩ - ܣܘܪܝܐ.  

## ܐܣܪ̈ܐ ܓܘ̈ܝܐ
*ܩܡܫܠܝ
*ܕܝܪܝܟ
*ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
*ܟܦܫܢܐ
*ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܐܘܓܝܢ
*ܥܝܢܘܪܕܐ.
*ܐܪܒܐ.
*ܡܝܕܢ.
*ܒܣܒܪܝܢܐ.
*ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܓܒܪܐܝܠ.
*ܚܝܕܠ.
ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܒܣܘܣ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܪܝܫܐ ܕܣܒܪܐ ܛܒܐ

250px|thumb|ܪܝܫܐ ܕܣܒܪܐ ܛܒܐ
250px|thumb|ܡܦ ܕܪܝܫܐ ܕܣܒܪܐ ܛܒܐ

**ܪܝܫܐ ܕܣܒܪܐ ܛܒܐ** (ܐܦܪܝܩܐܢܐܝܬ: Kaap die Goeie Hoop܄ ܗܘܠܢܕܐܝܬ: Kaap de Goede Hoop܄ ܦܘܪܛܘܓܠܐܝܬ: Cabo da Boa Esperança) ܗܘ ܢܘܩܙܐ ܕܐܪܥܐ ܕܐܦܪܝܩܐ ܬܝܡܢܝܬܐ ܥܠ ܐܘܩܝܢܘܣ ܐܛܠܢܛܝܐ܂ ܠܐ ܬܪܝܨܐܝܬ ܐܬܚܫܒܬ ܗܝ ܐܬܦܠܓܬ ܒܝܬ ܐܘܩܝܢܘܣ ܐܛܠܢܛܝܐ ܘܐܘܩܝܢܘܣ ܗܢܕܘܝܐ܀
ܩܢܘܢܐ ܕܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ

**ܩܢܘܢܐ ܕܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ**
:ܡܗܝܡܢܝܢܢ ܒܚܕ ܐܠܗܐ.
:ܐܒܐ ܐܚܝܕ ܟܠ ܥܒܘܕܐ ܕܫܡܝܐ ܘܕܐܪܥܐ.
:ܘܕܟܠܗܝܢ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܡܬܚܙ̈ܝܢ ܘܕܠܐ ܡܬܚܙܝ̈ܢ
:ܘܒܚܕ ܡܪܝܐ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ.
:ܝܚܝܕܝܐ ܒܪܐ ܕܐܠܗܐ
:ܗܘ ܕܡܢ ܐܒܐ ܐܬܝܠܕ
:ܩܕܡ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܥܠܡ̈ܐ
:ܢܘܗܪܐ ܕܡܢ ܢܘܗܪܐ
:ܐܠܗܐ ܫܪܝܪܐ ܕܡܢ ܐܠܗܐ ܫܪܝܪܐ
:ܝܠܝܕܐ ܘܠܐ ܥܒܝܕܐ
:ܘܫܘܐ ܒܐܘܣܝܐ ܠܐܒܘܗܝ
:ܕܒܐܝܕܗ ܗܘܐ ܟܠ
:ܗܘ ܕܡܛܠܬܢ ܒܢܝ̈ܢܫܐ ܘܡܛܠ ܦܘܪܩܢܢ
:ܢܚܬ ܡܢ ܫܡܝܐ
:ܘܐܬܓܫܡ ܡܢ ܪܘܚܐ ܩܕܝܫܐ
:ܘܡܢ ܡܪܝܡ ܒܬܘܠܬܐ ܝܠܕܬ ܐܠܗܐ
:ܘܗܘܐ ܒܪܢܫܐ
:ܘܐܨܛܠܒ ܚܠܦܝܢ ܒܝܘ̈ܡܝ ܦܝܢܛܝܘܣ ܦܝܠܛܘܣ
:ܘܚܫ ܘܡܝܬ ܘܐܬܩܒܪ
:ܘܩܡ ܠܬܠܬܐ ܝܘ̈ܡܝܢ ܐܝܟ ܕܨܒܐ
:ܘܣܠܩ ܠܫܡܝܐ ܘܝܬܒ ܡܢ ܝܡܝܢܐ ܕܐܒܘܗܝ
:ܘܬܘܒ ܐܬܐ ܒܫܘܒܚܐ ܪܒܐ
:ܠܡܕܢ ܠܚܝ̈ܐ ܘܠܡܝ̈ܬܐ
:ܗܘ ܕܠܡܠܟܘܬܗ ܫܘܠܡܐ ܠܐ ܐܝܬ.
:ܘܒܚܕ ܪܘܚܐ ܩܕܝܫܐ
:ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܡܪܝܐ ܡܚܝܢܐ ܕܟܠ.
:ܗܘ ܕܡܢ ܐܒܐ ܢܦܩ
:ܘܥܡ ܐܒܐ ܘܥܡ ܒܪܐ ܡܣܬܓܕ ܘܡܫܬܒܚ.
:ܗܘ ܕܡܠܠ ܒܢܒܝ̈ܐ ܘܒܫܠܝ̈ܚܐ
:ܘܒܚܕܐ ܥܕܬܐ ܩܕܝܫܬܐ ܩܬܘܠܝܩܝ ܘܫܠܝܚܝܬܐ.
:ܘܡܘܕܝܢܢ ܕܚܕܐ ܗܝ ܡܥܡܘܕܝܬܐ ܠܫܘܒܩܢܐ ܕܚܛܗ̈ܐ.
:ܘܡܣܟܝܢܢ ܠܩܝܡܬܐ ܕܡܝ̈ܬܐ
:ܘܠܚܝ̈ܐ ܚܕ̈ܬܐ ܕܒܥܠܡܐ ܕܥܬܝܕ.
:ܐܡܝܢ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܙܒܐ

300px|thumb|ܙܒܐ ܥܠܝܐ ܒܓܪܒܝܐ ܘܙܒܐ ܬܚܬܝܐ ܒܬܝܡܢܐ

**ܙܒܐ** (ܛܘܪܩܐܝܬ Zap Suyu܆ ܟܘܪܕܐܝܬ زێ ܐܘ Zê܆ ܦܪܣܐܝܬ زاب) ܗܘ ܫܡܐ ܕܬܪܝܢ ܢܗܪ̈ܐ ܙܒܐ ܥܠܝܐ ܘܙܒܐ ܬܚܬܝܐ ܒܛܘܪܩܝܐ ܘܒܥܝܪܐܩ ܘܒܐܝܪܐܢ. ܙܒܐ ܥܠܝܐ ܘܙܒܐ ܬܚܬܝܐ ܢܪܕܘܢ ܠܕܩܠܬ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܢܗܪܘܬܐ
ܡܡܠܠܘܬ ܐܠܗܘܬܐ ܡܫܝܚܝܬܐ

**ܡܡܠܠܘܬ ܐܠܗܘܬܐ** ܐܘ **ܡܡܠܠܘܬ ܐܠܗ̈ܝܬܐ** ܐܘ **ܬܐܘܠܘܓܝܐ** ܗܘ ܝܘܠܦܢ ܐܠܗܘܬܐ ܒܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܓܒܪܐܝܠ

[300px|thumb|ܒܘܪ̈ܓܐ ܕܕܝܪܐ ܕ[ܡܪܝ ܓܒܪܐܝܠ]]

**ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܓܒܪܐܝܠ** ܐܘ **ܥܘܡܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܓܒܪܐܝܠ** ܗܝ ܕܝܪܐ ܡܫܡܗܬܐ ܘܛܒܝܒܬܐ ܕܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܕܒܟܠܗ ܥܡܪܬܐ ܘܕܝܠܢܐܝܬ ܠܒܢܝ̈ ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ ܘܡܕܝܕ ܘܐܙܟ ܘܟܦܫܢܗ܆ ܘܢܦܠܐ ܗܕܐ ܕܝܪܐ ܝܘܡܢܐ ܒܬܝܡܢ ܡܕܢܚ ܩܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ ܒܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܡܪܕܝܢ ܥܠ ܪܘܚܩܐ ܕܫܬܝܢ ܩܝܠܘܡܛܪ̈ܐ ܡܢ ܡܕܝܢܬ ܢܨܝܒܝܢ ܥܠ ܬܚܘܡܐ ܕܩܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܫܒܒܬܐ ܕܩܡܫܠܝ܀

## ܬܫܥܝܬܐ ܕܕܝܪܐ
ܘܗܦܟ ܡܟܬܒܙܒܢܐ ܕܗܕܐ ܕܝܪܐ ܠܫܢܬ 397ܡ ܟܕ ܫܬܐܣ ܠܗ ܡܪܝ ܫܡܘܐܝܠ ܘܡܪܝ ܫܡܥܘܢ ܩܪܛܡܝܢܝܐ ܒܥܘܕܪܢ ܡܠܐܟ ܡܪܝܐ ܕܐܬܐ ܒܠܠܝܐ ܠܣܘܝܥܗܘܢ.
ܘܟܢ ܐܫܬܡܗܬ ܒܫܡܐ ܡܪܝ ܓܒܪܐܝܠ܆ ܕܐܬܥܢܘܝܘ ܒܨܘܡܐ ܘܒܨܠܘܬܐ ܘܫܗܪܐ ܝܘܡ̈ܬܐ ܕܚܝܘ̈ܗܝ ܘܟܢ ܗܘܐ ܚܣܝܐ ܠܡܪܥܝܬܐ ܕܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ ܒܕܪܐ ܫܒܝܥܝܐ ܕܡܘܠܕܐ܆ ܘܐܝܬ ܒܕܝܪܐ ܗܕܐ ܓܪ̈ܡܐ ܕܬܪܥܣܪܐ ܐܠܦܝ̈ܐ ܩܕ̈ܝܫܐ ܐܝܟ ܡܪܝ ܓܒܪܐܝܠ ܘ ܡܪܝ ܫܡܘܐܝܠ ܘܡܪܝ ܝܘܚܢܢ ܥܪܒܝܐ ܘܐܪܒܥܝܢ ܣܗܕ̈ܐ ܘܡܪܝ ܩܪܐܦܘܣ (ܚܣܝܐ ܕܨܘܪ ܒܙܒܢܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܫܡܘܐܝܠ ܬܠܡܝܕܗ ܕܗܘ ܡܪܝ ܩܪܐܦܘܣ ܐܣܪܚܗ ܟܗܢܐ ܠܩܪܛܡܝܢ)܆ ܘܫܪܟܐ ܕܩܕܝ̈ܫܐ ܕܐܬܥܢܘܝܘ ܒܨܘܡܐ ܘܒܨܠܘܬܐ ܘܐܬܨܒܬܘ ܒܕܚܠܬ ܐܠܗܐ ܘܚܘܒܗ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܕܥܡܝܪܐ ܒܠܒ̈ܘܬܗܘܢ܆ ܘܕܗܠܟܘ ܗܘܘ ܒܐܘܪܚܐ ܕܕܝܪܝܘܬܐ ܒܕܘܪ̈ܟܬܗ ܕܡܪܝ ܐܘܓܝܢ ܩܕܝܫܐ ܕܐܬܐ ܡܢ ܡܨܪܝܢ ܘܐܬܥܢܘܝܘ ܒܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܐܘܓܝܢ ܒܛܘܪܐ ܕܐܝܙܠܐ ܒܦܢܝܬܐ ܕܢܨܝܒܝܢ ܨܠܘܬܗܘܢ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܬܗܘܐ ܥܡܢ ܐܡܝܢ܀

## ܐܣܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܪ̈ܝܐ
*ܕܘܟܬܐ ܪܘܫܡܝܬܐ ܥܠ ܢܘܠܐ (ܣܘܪܝܐܝܬ ܘܛܘܪܩܐܝܬ ܘܐܢܓܠܐܝܬ)

## ܐܣܘܪ̈ܐ ܓܘ̈ܝܐ
*ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ 
*ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܐܘܓܝܢ 
*ܡܪܝ ܓܒܪܐܝܠ 
*ܐܙܟ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܕܝܪ̈ܬܐ ܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܬܐ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܒܪ ܩܠܐ

**ܒܪ ܩܠܐ** ܗܘ ܩܠܐ ܕܡܬܬܗܦܟ ܡܢ ܓܘܫܡܐ ܛܡܝܡܐ ܐܝܟ ܒܢܝܢܐ ܐܘ ܒܐܪܐ ܕܡ̈ܝܐ ܐܘ ܓܘܕܐ ܘܫܪܟܐ ܘܕܐܪ ܠܐܕܢܐ ܕܬܫܡܥܝܘܗ ܬܪܬܝܢ ܙܒܢܝ̈ܢ܀
ܒܪܐ (ܒܝܬܝܘܬܐ)

**ܒܪܐ** (ܟܢܘܫܝܐ: **ܒܢܝ̈ܐ**) ܗܘ ܝܠܕܐ ܕܟܪܐ ܕܐܬܬܘܠܕ ܡܢ ܐܒܐ ܘܡܢ ܐܡܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬܝܘܬܐ
ܒܪܬܐ (ܒܝܬܝܘܬܐ)

**ܒܪܬܐ** (ܟܢܘܫܝܐ: **ܒܢܬ̈ܐ**) ܗܝ ܢܩܒܬܐ ܕܐܬܬܘܠܕܬ ܡܢ ܐܒܐ ܘܐܡܐ܀

ܝܡܝܢܐ|ܙܥܘܪܬܐ|250x250px

ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬܝܘܬܐ
ܥܕܥܐܕܐ

**ܥܕܥܐܕܐ** ܐܘ **ܥܕܥܕܐ** ܗܘ ܙܘܝܚܐ ܐܘ ܓܕܫܐ ܓܘܢܝܐ ܡܪܕܘܬܢܝܐ ܐܘ ܬܘܕܝܬܢܝܐ܀

[thumb|ܥܕܥܐܕܐ ܕܪܫܐ ܕܫܢܬܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܬܐ ܒܒܠܝܬܐ 6758 ܒ[ܢܘܗܕܪܐ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ)|ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܢܘܗܕܪܐ]]
ܥܘܩܒܪܬܐ

300px|thumb|ܥܘܩܒܪ̈ܬܐ ܕܓܘܫܡܐ ܕܒܪܢܫܐ

**ܥܘܩܒܪܬܐ** ܗܝ ܗܕܡܐ ܒܓܘܫܡܐ ܕܚܝܘܬ̈ܐ. ܒܡܬܡܬܚܢܘܬܐ ܘܡܬܩܦܣܢܘܬܐ ܕܥܘܩܒܪ̈ܬܐ ܩܢܝܢ ܡܢܘܬ̈ܐ ܕܓܘܫܡܐ ܙܘܥ̈ܐ ܕܝܠܢܝ̈ܐ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
ܥܘܩܒܪܐ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ
ܓܘܓܝ

thumb|ܓܘܓܝ

**ܓܘܓܝ** (ܟܢܘܫܝܐ: **ܓܘܓܝ̈**܆ ܣܘܕܐܝܬ **ܙܵܩܸܪ\ܙܵܩܪܵܐ ܩܵܘܕܹ̈ܐ** ܐܘ **ܥܵܙܠܵܐ ܟܘܼܫܹ̈ܐ** ܐܘ **ܩܘܬܝ**) ܗܝ ܚܝܘܬܐ ܙܥܘܪܬܐ ܕܐܝܬ ܠܗ̇ ܬܡܢܐ ܪ̈ܓܠܝܢ. ܬܙܩܘܪ ܢܘܠܐ ܚܝܠܬܢܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܚܝܘܬܐ
ܒܝܬ ܥܬܩܐ

[thumb|350px|[ܒܝܬ ܥܬܩܐ ܕܠܘܒܪ ܒܦܐܪܝܣ]]

**ܒܝܬ ܥܬܩ̈ܐ** ܐܘ **ܒܝܬ ܥܬܝܩ̈ܬܐ** ܗܘ ܫܘܬܐܣܐ ܕܟܢܫ ܥܬܩ̈ܐ ܘܓܠܚܗ̈ܘܢ ܠܥܡܐ܀
ܒܪ ܐܝܕܐ

**ܒܪ ܐܝܕܐ** ܗܘ ܬܠܒܫܬܐ ܕܡܠܒܫܝܢ ܠܗ ܒܐܝܕܐ ܦܪܝܫܐܝܬ ܒܙܒܢܐ ܕܩܘܪܫܐ ܘܒܙܒܢ ܠܣܩܠܐ ܒܠܚܘܕ܀

thumb|ܒܪ ܐܝܕܐ ܕܓܠܕܐ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܠܒܘܫܐ
ܡܡܠܠܘܬ ܟܘܟܒܐ

[thumb|300px|[ܟܘܟܒܐ|ܟܘ̈ܟܒܐ]]

**ܡܡܠܠܘܬ ܟܘܟܒܐ** ܐܘ **ܐܣܛܪܘܢܘܡܝܐ** (ܡܢ ܝܘܢܝܐ ܥܬܝܩܐ: ἀστρονομία) ܗܝ ܝܘܠܦܢ ܟܘܟܒܐ ܐܘ ܐܣܛܪܘܢܘܡܝܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܐܣܛܪܘܢܘܡܝܐ
ܚܝܕܠ

[ܙܥܘܪܬܐ|[ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܒܣܘܣ]]

**ܚܝܕܠ** (ܛܘܪܩܐܝܬ Kayı܆ ܩܪܕܘܐܝܬ Hêdi܆ ܥܪܒܐܝܬ حيدل) ܗܝ ܡܬܐ ܒܬܝܡܢ ܡܕܢܚ ܛܘܪܩܝܐ܆ ܒܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܫܝܪܢܐܟ ܫܒܒܬܐ ܕܡܪܕܝܢ ܘܕܢܨܝܒܝܢ. ܐܝܬ ܗܘܘ ܠܗ̇ ܒܙܒܢ ܩܛܠܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܕܫܢܬ 1915 ܐܝܟ ܥܣܪܝܢ ܒܬܝ̈ܢ ܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܝܢ. ܗܠܝܢ ܛܦܣܘ ܒܒܝܬ ܙܒܕܝ (ܐܙܟ) ܐܝܟ ܕܥܒܕܬ ܟܦܫܢܐ ܫܒܒܬܗ ܕܚܝܕܠ܆ ܘܦܫܘ ܒܗ̇ ܟܠܗ ܙܒܢܐ ܕܩܛܠܐ. ܘܡܢ ܬܡܢ ܥܒܪܘ ܠܥܝܪܐܩ܆ ܘܚܝܕܠ ܐܬܓܙܝܬ ܡܢ ܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ. ܘܥܕܡܐ ܠܝܘܡܢܐ ܡܬܬܣܝܡ ܕܘܟܪܢܐ ܫܢܬܢܝܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܒܣܘܣ ܒܥܕܬܐ ܕܚܝܕܠ ܡܢ ܥܡܐ ܡܕܗܝܐ ܕܡܝܕܘܢ (ܡܝܕܢ) ܩܪܝܬܐ ܫܒܒܬܗ̇. ܘܢܩܦܐ ܒܥܕܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܐܪܬܘܕܟܣܝܬܐ ܠܡܪܥܝܬ ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ܆ ܡܢ ܒܬܪ ܕܢܩܦܐ ܗܘܬ ܠܡܪܥܝܬ ܒܝܬ ܙܒܕܝ ܐܙܟ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ.

ܘܐܝܬ ܥܠ ܓܢܒ ܩܪܝܬܐ ܕܚܝܕܠ ܕܝܪܐ ܕܣܗܕܐ ܡܪܝ ܒܣܘܣ ܡܢ ܫܢܬ 388܇ ܣܗܕ̈ܐ ܩܕܝܫ̈ܐ ܥܡ ܡܪܬܝ ܫܘܫܢ ܚܬܗ ܘܡܪܝ ܠܘܢܓܝܢܐ ܡܥܡܕܢܗܘܢ ܘܡܪܝ ܐܣܛܝܦܐܢ ܡܠܦܢܗܘܢ܆ ܘܚܕܥܣܪ ܐܠܦܝ̈ܢ ܣܗܕ̈ܝܢ ܕܐܬܟܠܠܘ ܥܡܗܘܢ ܒܪܓܘܠܐ ܕܓܝܗܢܐ 388܆ ܕܫܠܘܐ ܕܪܓܘܠܐ ܕܓܝܗܢܐ܇ ܒܝܬ ܙܒܕܝ܇ ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ܀

## ܡܒܘ̈ܥܐ
# ܓܘ̈ܢܚܐ ܕܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܐ ܕܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ ܠܬܠܝܬܝ ܛܘ̈ܒܐ ܟܘܪܝܐ ܣܠܝܡܐܢ ܚܢܢܘ ܐܪܟܚܝܐ ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢܝܐ.
# ܒܝܬ ܙܒܕܝ ܗܪܘܡܐ ܕܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ 1998

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
* ܒܣܒܪܝܢܐ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܬܘܬܐ ܒܛܘܪܩܝܐ
ܒܝܬ ܟܬܒܐ

[thumb|ܒܝܬ ܟܬܒ̈ܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܒ[ܦܪܢܣܐ]]

**ܒܝܬ ܟܬܒ̈ܐ** ܐܘ **ܒܝܬ ܐܪ̈ܟܐ** (ܡܢ ܝܘܢܝܐ ܥܬܝܩܐ: τὰ ἀρχεῖα) ܗܘ ܕܘܟܐ ܕܟܘܢܫ ܟܬܒ̈ܐ ܘܡܒܘܥ̈ܐ ܕܛܘܦܣ̈ܐ ܦܪ̈ܝܫܐ ܕܝܘܠܦܢ̈ܐ ܘܬܫܡܫܬ̈ܐ ܐܚܪ̈ܢܝܬܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܟܬܒܐ
ܥܘܠܐ

250px|thumb|ܥܘܠܐ

**ܥܘܠܐ** ܗܘ ܝܠܕܐ ܙܥܘܪܐ ܒܡܪܒܥܐ ܕܐܡܗ ܡܢ ܫܘܪܝܐ ܕܒܛܢܐ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܫܒܘܥܐ ܬܡܝܢܝܐ ܕܒܛܢܐ. ܡܬܩܪܐ ܥܘܠܐ ܚܝܐ ܒܡܫܩܠ̈ܐ ܐܚܪ̈ܝܐ ܕܒܛܢܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ
ܪܚܫܐ

thumb|ܪ̈ܚܫܐ

**ܪ̈ܚܫܐ** ܗܢܘܢ ܚܝܘܬ̈ܐ ܕܩܕܩܬܐ ܕܪܫܦܢ ܒܐܪܥܐ ܕܠܝܬ ܠܗܘܢ ܓܪܡ ܚܨܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܚܝܘܬܐ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܪܚܫܐ
ܫܝܪܢܐܟ (ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ)

thumb|300px|ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܫܝܪܢܐܟ
**ܫܝܪܢܐܟ** ܐܘ ܫܝܪܢܟ ܐܝܬܗܝ ܚܕܐ ܡܢ ܪܒ ܗܘܦܪ̈ܟܝܐ ܕܩܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ܆ ܫܝܪܢܟ ܒܪܐ ܒ1990 ܡܢ ܗܘܦܪ̈ܟܝܐ ܕܣܥܪܬ ܘܡܪܕܝܢ܁ ܢܦܠܐ ܒܬܝܡܢ ܡܕܢܚ ܛܘܪܩܝܐ܆ ܡܕܢܚܐ ܕܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܡܪܕܝܢ܆ ܘܐܝܬ ܒܗ ܩܪ̈ܝܐ ܣܘܪ̈ܝܬܐ ܣܓܝܐܬ̈ܐ܆ ܐܟ ܐܙܟ ܘ ܡܝܕܢ (ܐܘ ܡܝܕܘܢ) ܘܟܦܫܢܐ ܘܚܕܠ ܘܒܣܒܪܝܢܐ܆ ܘܐܣܦܣ ܘܥܡܝܪܝܢ ܘܬܠ ܒܠ ܘܣܛܪ. ܘܥܕܟܝܠ ܝܘܡܢܐ ܐܬܪ̈ܘܬܐ ܕܡܝܕܢ ܘܒܣܒܪܝܢܐ ܥܡܝܪܝܢ (ܐܘܟܝܬ ܡܠܝܢ) ܡܢ ܐܢܫ̈ܐ ܣܘܪ̈ܝܐ ܘܥܕܬ̈ܐ ܥܡܝܪ̈ܬܐ ܣܓܝܐܬ̈ܐ.
ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܒܣܘܣ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܗܘܦܪܟܝܣ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ
ܡܪܕܝܢ (ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ)

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**ܡܪܕܐ** ܐܘ **ܡܪܕܝܢ** ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܒܬܝܡܢ ܡܕܢܚ ܛܘܪܩܝܐ܆ ܡܥܪܒ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕ ܫܝܪܢܐܟ܆ ܘܐܝܬ ܚܕܪܗ ܕܝܪܐ ܕܟܘܪܟܡܐ ܡܫܡܗܐ܆ ܘܢܦܠܐ ܢܨܝܒܝܢ ܘ ܡܕܝܕ ܘܡܪܥܝܬ ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܐܘܪܬܕܘܟܣܝܬܐ ܒܣܘܓܐܗ ܒܓܘ ܗܕܐ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܬܐ܆ ܘܥܠ ܗܕܐ ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܡܬܡܠܠ ܒܐܬܪ̈ܘܬܐ ܣܓܝܐ̈ܬܐ ܡܢܗ܆ ܘܬܘܒ ܠܫܢܐ ܥܪܒܝܐ ܒܡܕܝܢܬ ܡܪܕܝܢ.

ܘܫܡܐ ܕܡܪܕܝܢ ܐܬܐ ܡܢ ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܘܣܘܟܠܗ ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܚܣܢܐ.

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
*ܡܪܕܝܢ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ)

ܣܕܪܐ:ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܗܘܦܪܟܝܣ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ
ܪܝܫܡܠܘܬܐ

[thumb|300px|ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕ[ܢܝܘ ܝܘܪܩ ܗܝ ܛܘܦܣܐ ܘܢܝܫܐ ܕܪܝܫܡܠܘܬܐ]]

**ܪܝܫ ܡܠܘܬܐ** ܐܘ **ܪܝܫܡܠܘܬܐ** (ܐܬܬܪܓܡܬ ܡܢ ܠܫܢܐ ܥܪܒܝܐ رَأْسِمَالِيَّة) ܗܝ ܛܟܣܐ ܡܡܘܢܝܐ (ܐܝܩܘܢܘܡܝܐ). ܒܪܝܫܡܠܘܬܐ ܦܪܨܘܦܐ ܗܘ ܐܚܕ ܘܐܦܠܚ ܙܘܙ̈ܐ ܘܥܘܬܪܐ ܝܬܝܪ ܡܢ ܫܘܠܛܢܘܬܐ ܐܘ ܛܘܟܣ̈ܐ ܩܘܛܢܝ̈ܐ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
*ܡܡܘܢܐ
ܪܐܬܐ

thumbnail|ܪܐܬܐ

**ܪܐܬܐ** (ܟܢܘܫܝܐ: **ܪ̈ܐܬܘܬܐ**) ܐܘ **ܪܬܐ** ܗܝ ܗܕܡܐ ܐܢܢܩܝܐ ܕܬܘܩܢ ܢܘܦܫܐ ܒܚܝܘܬ̈ܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ
ܗܘܦܪܟܝܣ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ

ܐܝܬ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ ܠܐܦܝ̈ ܬܡܢܐܝܢ ܘܚܕ ܗܘܦܪ̈ܟܝܐ܆ ܘܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ ܟܠܕܝܐ܆ ܚܝܐ ܕܝܠܢܐܝܬ ܒܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܡܪܕܝܢ (ܡܪܕܐ)܆ ܘܒܓܘܗ ܡܕܝܕ ܘܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ ܆ ܘܒܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܫܝܪܢܐܟ ܘܒܓܘܗ ܐܙܟ ܘܟܦܫܢܐ ܘܚܝܕܠ ܘܒܣܒܪܝܢܐ ܘܡܝܕܢ ܘܣܛܪ܆ ܘܒܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܗܟܐܪܝ (ܐܟܪ̈ܐ)܆ ܘܒܚܣܐܢܐ܆ ܘܒܓܙܢܟ܆ ܘܒܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܐܝܣܛܢܒܘܠ (ܩܘܢܣܛܐܢܛܝܢܘܦܘܠܝܣ)܆ ܘܒܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܐܪܫܟܝܬܐ ܐܢܩܪܐ܆ ܘܡܢܝܢܐ ܒܨܝܪܐ ܕܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܚܝܝܢ ܒܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܐܡܝܕ (ܕܝܐܪܒܟܪ)܆ ܘܒܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܐܘܪܗܝ (ܐܘܪܦܐ ܕܐܣܬܦܩܬ ܝܘܡܢܐ ܡܢ ܐܢܫܐ ܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܐ)܆ ܘܐܝܬܘܐ ܒܙܒܢܐ ܒܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܒܐܢ܆ ܥܠ ܬܚܘܡܐ ܕܐܝܪܐܢ܆ ܘܥܠ ܬܚܘܡܐ ܕ ܣܘܪܝܐ ܘ ܥܝܪܐܩ܀
ܡܪܕܝܢ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ)

thumb|ܡܪܕܝܢ
**ܡܪܕܝܢ** ܐܘ **ܡܪܕܐ** ܗܝ ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܥܬܝܩܬܐ ܕܥܡܐ ܟܠܕܝܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ. ܗܫܐ ܡܪܕܝܢ ܗܝ ܐܪܫܟܝܬܐ ܕܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܡܪܕܝܢ ܒܛܘܪܩܝܐ. ܝܘܡܢܐ ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܡܪܕܝܢ ܐܝܬ ܒܗ̇ 65.000 ܒܢܝ̈ ܐܢܫ̈ܐ܀

## ܛܘܝܒ ܡܠܬܐ
ܡܪܕܐ ܐܘ ܡܪܕܝܢ ܫܡܐ ܐܬܐ ܡܢ ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܡܪܕܐ ܐܘܟܝܬ ܚܣܢܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܒܛܘܪܩܝܐ
ܫܝܪܢܐܟ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ)

**ܫܝܪܢܐܟ** ܗܝ ܐܪܫܟܝܬܐ ܕܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܫܝܪܢܐܟ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܒܛܘܪܩܝܐ
ܡܝܕܢ

**ܡܝܕܢ** ܐܘ **ܡܝܕܘܢ** ܐܘ **ܡܕܘ** ܗܝ ܩܪܝܬܐ ܒܩܠܝܡܐ ܕܛܘܪ ܥܒܕ̈ܝܢ ܒܡܕܢܚ ܬܝܡܢ ܕܐܬܪܐ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ. ܢܦܠܐ ܝܘܡܢܐ ܒܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܫܝܪܢܐܟ ܥܠ ܬܚܘܡܐ ܕܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܡܪ̈ܕܝܢ܆ ܩܪܝܒܐ ܠܟܦܫܢܐ ܫܒܒܬܗ̇ ܘܬܘܒ ܠܒܣܒܪܝܢܐ (ܒܣܘܪܝܢܐ) ܚܬܗ̇. ܘܗܝ ܥܡܪܬܐ ܐܝܬܝܗ ܒܒ̈ܬܐ ܕܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ. ܥܕܡܐ ܠܫܢܬ 2009 ܐܝܬ ܒܗ̇ ܠܐܦܝ̈ ܚܡܫܝܢ ܒ̈ܬܝܢ ܘܐܝܬ ܠܗ̇ ܥܣܪܝܢ ܘܚܡܫ ܥܕ̈ܢ ܘܚܕ ܟܗܢ (ܡܠܟܝ ܐܘܬܘܩ)܆ ܐܬܠܝܛܐ ܒܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ܆ ܘܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܥܕܟܝܠ ܡܬܡܠܠ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܕܡܕ̈ܗܝܐ (ܡܕܘܝܐ) ܐܘܟܝܬ ܥܡܐ ܕܡܝܕܢ. ܒܗܢܐ ܠܥܙܐ ܡܕܘܝܐ ܐܝܬ ܬܘܪܓܡܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܦܫܝܛܬܐ ܡܢ ܡܠܦܢܐ ܝܘܚܢܢ ܐܘܙܠ ܒܪܫܒܐ܆ ܒܥܘܕܪܢܐ ܕܫܘܬܦܘܬܐ ܕܟܬܒܐ ܩܕܝܫܐ ܐܪܡܝܐ܀

ܐܝܬ ܒܩܪܝܬܐ ܫܪ̈ܒܬܐ ܣܓܝ̈ܐܬܐ ܘܥܬܝܩ̈ܬܐ. ܡܬܠܐ ܕܫܡܗ̈ܐ ܕܝܠܗܝܢ܄ ܚܝܕܟܝܐ (ܒܝܬ ܚܝܕܐ) ܘܣܚܘܩܝܐ ܘܫܡܥܘܢܟܝܐ (ܒܝܬ ܫܡܥܘܢ) ܘܫܪܒܬܟܝܐ ܘܫܘܡܠܝܐ ܘܦܢܟܝܐ ܘܐܦܟܝܐ ܘܐܕܕܝܐ ܘܓܪܒܘܟܝܐ ܘܨܢܥܬܟܪܝܐ܀
 
## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ

* ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
* ܟܦܫܢܐ
* ܡܕܝܕ
* ܒܣܒܪܝܢܐ
* ܚܝܕܠ
* ܐܙܟ
* ܫܝܪܢܐܟ
* ܡܪܕܝܢ

## ܐܣܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܪ̈ܝܐ
* mshihoye.de
* [ http://www.midin.com  Midvoye]

ܣܕܪܐ:ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܒܝܬ ܣܒܝܪܝܢܐ

**ܒܝܬ ܣܒܝܪܝܢܐ** ܐܘ **ܒܣܒܪܝܢܐ** ܗܝ ܩܪܝܬܐ ܒܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ ܘܢܦܠܐ ܝܘܡܢܐ ܒܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܫܪܢܟ ܒܬܝܡܢ ܡܕܢܚ ܛܘܪܩܝܐ ܥܠ ܬܚܘܡܐ ܕܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܡܪܕܝܢ ܘܗܝ ܫܒܒܬܗ ܕܡܝܕܘܢ ܘܕܟܦܫܢܐ܂ ܐܝܬ ܒܗ ܐܠܦܝ̈ܢ ܘܥܣܪܝܢ ܘܚܡܫ ܥܕ̈ܢ ܘܐܝܬ ܒܗ ܬܘܒ ܫܟܝܢܬܐ ܩܕܝܫܬܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܕܕܐ܂ ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܥܕܟܝܠ ܡܬܡܠܠ ܘܡܬܬܗܪܓ ܒܗ ܒܝܕ ܡܠ̈ܦܢܐ ܢܗܝܪ̈ܐ ܘܟܗ̈ܢܐ ܘܫܡܫ̈ܐ܆ ܘܬܘܒ ܡܕܡ ܕܐܣܪ ܠܟ ܓܘܢܐ ܣܡܩܪܝܐ (ܫܥܘܬܐ) ܕܟܠܗܘܢ ܒܢܝ̈ܗ ܕܩܪܝܬܐ ܗܕܐ܆ ܘܬܘܒ ܩܪܝܒܬܐ ܠ(ܣܐܪܝ) ܩܪܝܬܐ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
*ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
*ܩܡܫܠܝ
*ܟܦܫܢܐ
*ܡܕܝܕ
*ܡܝܕܢ
*ܚܝܕܠ
*ܐܙܟ
*ܫܝܪܢܐܟ
*ܡܪܕܝܢ
* ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܒܣܘܣ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܐܟܪܐ

thumb|ܐܟܪܐ ܕܦܠܚ ܥܡ ܒܥܝܪ̈ܘܗܝ ܒܚܩܠܐ

**ܐܟܪܐ** (ܡܢ ܠܫܢܐ ܐܟܕܝܐ ikkaru) ܗܘ ܐܢܫܐ ܕܐܝܬ ܠܗ ܫܕܬܐ ܕܙܪܥܐ ܕܐܪܥܐ. ܐܟܪܘܬܐ ܐܝܬܝܗ̇ ܫܕܬܐ ܥܬܝܩܐ ܡܢ ܟܠ ܒܬܫܥܝܬܐ ܕܒܪܢܫܘܬܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܫܕܬܐ
ܐܝܙܝܕܝܐ

[thumb|300px|ܐܝܙܝܕ̈ܝܐ ܒ[ܛܘܪ ܫܝܓܪ ܒܬܚܘܡܐ ܕܥܝܪܐܩ ܘܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܒܫܢܝ̈ܐ ܕ1920]]

**ܐܝܙܝܕ̈ܝܐ** ܐܘ **ܝܙܝܕ̈ܝܐ** (ܟܘܪܕܐܝܬ **Êzidî** ܐܘ **𐺀𐺨𐺏𐺋𐺨**) ܐܘ **ܕܣ̈ܢܝܐ**  (ܐܘ **ܟ̰ܷܠܟܳܝ̈ܶܐ** ܒܠܥܙܐ ܛܘܪܝܐ) ܐܢܘܢ ܐܢܫ̈ܐ ܟܝܬ ܕܬܘܕܝܬܐ ܐܝܙܝܕܝܬܐ܆ ܘܡܗܝܡܢܝܢ ܒܐܠܗܐ ܚܕ ܘܪܬܝܢ ܡܢ ܕܘܟܪܢ ܫܐܕܐ܆ ܒܝܫܐ ܡܪܘܕܐ܆ ܐܝܟ ܕܝܗܒܝܢ ܠܗ ܐܝܩܪܐ܆ ܥܠ ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܗܘܐ ܪܝܫ ܡܠܐܟ̈ܐ ܩܕܡ ܢܦܠܬܗ܀

## ܫܡܐ
ܘܝܘܡܢܐ ܐܝܙܝܕ̈ܝܐ ܕܝܪܝܢ ܐܝܟ ܕܒܣܘܓܐܐ ܒܕ̈ܘܟܝܬܐ ܕܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܐ ܘܕܝܠܢܐܝܬ ܕܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܐ ܐܪ̈ܬܘܕܟܣܘ܆ ܐܝܟ ܒܚܙܐܢܝ ܘܒܥܫܝܩܐ ܘܫܝܓܪ ܘܫܝܟܐܢ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܕܥܝܪܐܩ܆ ܘܥܡܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ ܟܠܕܝܐ ܐܡܪܝܢ ܠܗܘܢ ܒܠܫܢܗܘܢ ܥܡܡܝܐ (ܣܘܪܝܬ) ܐܡܪܝܢ ܠܐܝܙܝܕ̈ܝܐ (ܕܣܢܝ̈ܐ).

ܘܬܘܒ ܕܝܪܝܢ ܒܩܒܪ̈ܐ ܚܘܪ̈ܐ ܘܩܡܫܠܝ ܘܓܪܟܗ ܫܐܡܘ ܘܣܛܪ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ܆ ܘܒܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܡܕܝܕ ܘܟܡܐ ܩܘܪ̈ܝܐܣ ܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܬܐ ܕܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ.

ܘܗܢܘܢ ܐܝܙܝܕ̈ܝܐ ܡܬܝܕܥܝܢ ܬܡܢ ܒܣܘܪܝܐ ܘܒܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ ܒܫܡܐ ܕܫܠܟܝ̈ܐ ܐܘ (ܓ̰ܷܠܟܳܝ̈ܶܐ) ܐܝܟ ܕܐܡܪܝܢ ܒܢ̈ܝ ܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܒܠܥܙܗܘܢ ܥܡܡܝܐ (ܛܘܪܝܐ)܀

## ܬܘܕܝܬܐ
ܐܝܙܝܕ̈ܝܐ ܡܗܝܡܢܝܢ ܒܬܘܕܝܬܐ ܐܝܙܝܕܝܬܐ  ܕܟܬܒ̈ܝܗ ܩܕ̈ܝܫܐ ܐܢܘܢ "ܟܬܒܐ ܐܘܟܡܐ" (𐺡𐺓𐺉𐺙 𐺍𐺒) ܘ"ܟܬܒܐ ܕܓܠܝܢܐ" (𐺝𐺄𐺨𐺁𐺨 𐺆𐺠𐺣𐺦) ܘܐܠܗ̈ܗܘܢ ܫܡܗ **𐺊𐺋𐺀** ܐܘ **𐺀𐺠𐺠𐺀𐺧** ܘܐܝܬ ܠܗܘܢ ܡܠܐܟ̈ܐ ܣܓܝ̈ܐܐ ܕܐܢܘܢ:
* 𐺆𐺁𐺍𐺀𐺨𐺨𐺠 ("ܓܒܪܝܐܝܠ")
* 𐺗𐺏𐺍𐺀𐺨𐺨𐺠 ("ܥܙܪܐܝܠ")
* 𐺡𐺨𐺝𐺀𐺨𐺨𐺠 ("ܡܝܟܐܝܠ")
* Şifqayîl ("ܫܝܦܩܐܝܠ")
* 𐺋𐺍𐺋𐺀𐺨𐺨𐺠 ("ܕܪܕܐܝܠ")
* 𐺀𐺑𐺍𐺀𐺙𐺀𐺨𐺨𐺠 ("ܐܝܣܪܦܐܝܠ")
* 𐺒𐺡𐺢𐺀𐺨𐺨𐺠 ("ܫܡܢܐܝܠ")
* 𐺕𐺣𐺍𐺀𐺨𐺨𐺠 ("ܛܘܪܐܝܠ")
* Ezazîl ("ܥܙܐܐܝܠ")
*ܘܪܝܫܗܘܢ Tawûsê Melek ("ܛܘܣܐ ܡܠܐܟܐ")܀܀܀

ܐܝܙܝܕܝܐ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܥܡܡܐ ܒܥܝܪܐܩ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܬܘܕܝܬܐ
ܡܛܟܣܬܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܬܐ ܕܝܡܩܪܛܝܬܐ

**ܡܛܟܣܬܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܬܐ ܕܝܡܩܪܛܝܬܐ** ܐܫܬܬܣ  ܒܡܕܝܢܬ ܩܡܫܠܝ (ܙܠܝܢ) ܒܫܢܬ 1957ܡ ܆ ܘܥܕܡܐ ܠܗܫܐ ܦܠܚ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܘܐܘܪܘܦܐ ܆ ܘܐܝܬ ܠܗ̊ ܚܘܦܛ̈ܐ ܣܓܝ̈ܐܐ ܐܝܟ ܡܢ ܦܪܝܣܬܐ ܝܪܚܝܬܐ ܕ(ܢܫܪܐ ܕܐܬܘܪ)܆ ܘܥܕܥܐܕܐ ܫܢ̱ܬܢܝܐ ܕܚܕ ܢܝܣܢ ܒܚܐܪܘܬܗܘܢ ܦܘܠܝܛܝܩܝܬܐ (ܐܘܟܝܬ ܫܪܝܢ ܡܢ ܫܘܠܛܢܘܬܐ) ܡܢ ܓܒܐ ܕܒܥܬ܆ ܘܡܝܩܪܝܢ ܠܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܘܪܝܫܗ ܡܝܩܪܐ ܒܫܐܪ ܐܠܐܣܕ ܆ ܘܒܥܝܢ ܠܙܕܩ̈ܐ ܕ ܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܘܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܒܐܡܝܢܘ. ܘܡܬܥܕܪܝܢ ܥܡ ܓܒ̈ܐ ܐܚ̈ܐ ܕܐܝܟ ܙܘܥܐ ܕܝܡܘܩܪܛܝܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ ܘܓܒܐ ܕܚܐܪܘܬܐ ܕܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ ܡܛܠ ܫܘܪܪ ܙܕܩ̈ܐ ܕܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ܆ ܐܠܐ ܡܫܬܚܠܦܝܢ ܥܡܗܘܢ ܒܙܒܢ ܥܠ ܗܢܝܢ̈ܐ ܩܢܘܡܝ̈ܐ ܒܝܢܝ ܪܝܫܢܝ̈ܗܢ ܘܬܚܠܘ̈ܦܐ ܕܝܠܗܘܢ. (ܐܠܗܐ ܢܣܝܥ ܘܘܢܪܚܡ ܠܗܘܢ ܠܚܕܕ̈ܐ)܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܓܒܐ
ܒܫܐܪ ܐܠܐܣܕ

[thumb|300px|ܪܝܫ [ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܒܫܐܪ ܐܠܐܣܕ]]

**ܒܫܐܪ ܚܐܦܝܕ ܐܠܐܣܕ** ܗܘܐ ܪܝܫ ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܬܫܥܣܝܪܝܐ ܕܐܬܪܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ܆ ܕܐܝܬܝܗ ܐܬܪܐ ܥܪܒܝܐ ܒܡܕܢܚܐ ܡܨܥܝܬܐ܆ ܘܒܫܐܪ ܐܠܐܣܕ ܗܘ ܒܪ ܚܐܦܛ ܐܠܐܣܕ܆ ܪܝܫܐ ܕܩܕܡ ܡܢܗ ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܗܘܐ܆ ܘܐܬܐ ܒܫܐܪ ܐܠܐܣܕ ܠܫܘܠܛܢܘܬܐ ܒܬܪ ܢܝܚܬܐ ܕܐܒܘܗܝ ܚܐܦܛ ܐܠܐܣܕ ܒ10 ܚܙܝܪܢ 2000ܡ ܕܦܫ ܗܘܐ ܒܫܘܠܛܢܘܬܐ ܐܝܟ ܪܝܫܐ ܕܐܬܪܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܡܢ 16܆ ܬܫܪܝܢ ܐܚܪܝ ܆1970ܡ܆ ܙܘܥܐ ܬܘܪܨܝܐ ܕܓܒܐ ܕܒܥܬ܆ ܘܥܕܡܐ ܠ10܆ ܚܙܝܪܢ܆ 2000ܡ. ܟܢ ܐܬܐ ܒܪܗ ܡܝܩܪܐ ܒܫܐܪ ܐܠܐܣܕ ܠܪܝܫܢܘܬܐ ܕܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܡܢ ܗܘ ܣܝܩܘܡ܆ ܘܪܫܡܐܝܬ ܒܣܝܩܘܡ 17܆ ܬܡܘܙ ܆2000ܡ܆ ܒܓܘܒܝܐ ܪܘܫܡܝܐ ܡܢ ܥܡܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܘܥܕܡܐ ܠܝܘܡܢܐ 2009. ܘܗܘ ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܬܘܒ ܐܣܝܐ ܕܥܝ̈ܢܐ ܘܕܝܠܢܐܝܘܬܐ ܐܝܬܝܗ ܡܢ ܠܘܢܕܘܢ ܒܐܢܓܠܢܕ. ܘܫܡܐ ܕܐܢܬܬܗ ܐܣܡܐܐ ܐܠܐܣܕ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܣܘܪܝܐ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܛܪܘܢܐ
ܓܒܐ ܕܒܥܬ

ܙܥܘܪܬܐ|ܐܬܐ ܕܓܒܐ ܕܒܥܬ

**ܓܒܐ ܕܒܥܬ** ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܗܘܐ ܓܒܐ ܪܘܫܡܝܐ ܕܫܘܠܛܢܘܬܐ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܕܥܝܪܐܩ܆ ܡܢ ܫܢܬ 8܆ ܫܒܛ܆ 1963ܡ܆ ܘܥܕܡܐ ܠܢܦܠܬܐ ܕܪܝܫܐ ܥܝܪܩܝܐ ܨܕܐܡ ܚܣܝܢ ܒܣܝܩܘܡ 9܆ܢܝܣܢ ܆ 2003ܡ.

ܘܝܘܡܢܐ ܓܒܐ ܕܒܥܬ̥ ܘܫܡܗ ܓܡܝܪܐ (ܓܒܐ ܥܪܒܝܐ ܫܘܬܦܝܐ) ܘܒܠܫܢܐ ܥܪܒܝܐ (ܚܙܒ ܐܠܒܥܬ̥ ܐܠܥܪܒܝ ܐܠܐܫܬܪܐܟܝ): (حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي)܆ ܩܘܝ ܒܫܘܠܛܢܘܬܐ ܕ ܐܬܪܐ ܕ ܣܘܪܝܐ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܝܘܡܢܐ 2009ܡ܆ ܡܢ ܫܢܬ 8܆ܐܕܪ܆1963ܡ܆ ܒܬܪ ܩܘܝܡܐ ܐܘܟܝܬ (ܬ̥ܘܪܬ) 8ܐܕܪ 1963܆ ܘܥܕܡܐ ܠܙܘܥܐ ܬܘܪܨܝܐ܆ ܕܪܝܫܐ ܚܐܦܛ ܐܠܐܣܕ ܒܣܝܩܘܡ 16܆11܆1970ܡ܆ ܘ ܟܢ ܒܬܪܗ ܒܪܗ ܡܝܩܪܐ ܐܣܝܐ ܒܫܐܪ ܐܠܐܣܕ ܆ ܡܢ ܫܢܬ 17܆ܬܡܘܙ܆2000ܡ ܘܥܕܡܐ ܠܝܘܡܢܐ.

ܘܗܘ ܗܢܐ ܓܒܐ ܕܒܥܬ ܫܬܐܣ ܠܗ ܟܢܘܫܝܐ ܡܫܝܚܝܐ ܘܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܘܥܪܒܝܐ ܕܥܠܝ̈ܡܐ ܛܢܢܐ ܥܠ ܐܘܡܬ̥ܐ ܥܪܒܝܬܐ. ܒܣܝܩܘܡ 7 ܆ ܢܝܣܢ ܆1947ܡ܆ ܐܘܟܝܬ ܒܬܪ ܕܢܣܒܬ ܣܘܪܝܐ ܫܪܝܘܬܗ̥ ܡܢ ܦܪܢܣܐ ܒܣܝܩܘܡ 17܆ ܢܝܣܢ܆1946ܡ܆ ܘܡܢ ܪ݁ܝܫܢܐ ܡܫܬܐ̈ܣܐ ܠܗܢܐ ܓܒܐ ܡܝܫܝܠ ܥܦܠܩ ܕܥܢܕ ܒ ܐܬܪܐ ܕܥܝܪܐܩ ܟܕ ܦܫ ܠܗ ܝܡܝܢܝܐ ܣܘܩܒܠܐ ܕܪܝܫܐ ܚܐܦܛ ܐܠܐܣܕ܀

*ܛܘܦܣܐ ܕܓܒܐ ܕܒܥܬ : (ܐܘܡܬܐ ܥܪܒܝܬܐ ܚܕܐ ܐܝܬܠܗ ܐܓܪܬܐ ܡܬܘܡܝܬܐ)
*ܢܝܫܐ ܕܓܒܐ ܕܒܥܬ : (ܚܘܝܕܐ - ܚܐܪܘܬܐ - ܫܘܬܦܘܬܐ)

ܣܕܪܐ:ܓܒܐ
ܐܪܒܐ (ܩܪܝܬܐ)

ܩܪܝܬܐ ܕ ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ ܒܬܝܡܢ ܡܕܚ ܛܘܪܩܝܐ܆  ܒܛܘܪܐ ܕܐܝܙܠܐ ܡܒܪܟܐ ܘܩܕܝܫܐ܆ ܩܪܝܒܬܐ ܡܢ ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܡܠܟܐ ܩܠܘܙܡܝܐ ܒ ܐܪܟܚ ܆ ܘ ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܐܘܓܝܢ ܕܒܛܘܪܐ ܕܐܝܙܠܐ ܡܬܟܝܢ .

ܐܩܪܒܬ ܥܡ ܒܥܠܕܒܒܐ ܒ ܩܛܠܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܐ ܒܫܢܬ  1915 ܘܙܟܬ ܥܡ ܐܚܘ̈ܬܗ ܒܐܓܘܢܐ ܐܙܟ (ܒܝܬ ܙܒܕܝ) ܆ ܘ ܥܝܢܘܪܕܐ ܆ ܘ ܟܦܫܢܐ

ܘܡܐ ܕܦܫܘ̱ ܡܢ ܥܡܗ ܐܬܓܠܘܝܘ  ܠܐܬܪܐ ܕ ܣܘܪܝܐ ܆ ܒܬܪ ܬܚܘܡܐ ܕ ܢܨܝܒܝܢ ܆ ܠܡܕܝܢ̱ܬܐ ܕ ܒܝܬ ܙܠܝܢ ܕܗܝ ܩܡܫܠܝ ܡܒܪܟܬܐ ܘܡܚܣܢܬ ܒܐܠܗܐ ܆ ܒܬܪ ܩܪܒܐ ܘܫܬܐܣ ܒܩܡܫܠܝ ܥܠ ܫܡܗܘܢ ܆ ܐܘܟܝܬ ܫܪܒܬܐ ܐܘ ܫܘܬܐ ܕ ܐܪܒܘܝ̈ܐ ܐܘ (ܐܪܒܘܝܶܐ). ܘܥܕܡܐ ܠܝܘܡܢܐ ܗܟܢܐ ܡܬܩܪܝܐ.

## ܦܪ̈ܨܘܦܐ
* ܐܝܓܢܐܛܝܘܣ ܣܒܐ ܕܐܪܒܐ (ܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܕ ܛܘܪܥܒܕܝܢ)
* ܐܝܓܢܐܛܝܘܣ ܐܫܥܝܐ ܕܐܪܒܐ (ܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܕ ܛܘܪܥܒܕܝܢ)
* ܣܘܪܝܘܣ ܥܒܕ ܐܠܢܘܪ ܕܐܪܒܐ (ܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܕ ܛܘܪܥܒܕܝܢ)
* ܩܫܝܫܐ ܝܫܘܥ ܐܪܒܝܐ

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
*ܒܣܒܪܝܢܐ
*ܐܙܟ
*ܡܝܕܢ
*ܟܦܫܢܐ
*ܩܛܠܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܐ
*ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
*ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܐܘܓܝܢ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܥܝܢܘܪܕܐ

**ܥܝܢܘܪܕܐ** ܗܘ ܩܪܝܬܐ ܒܩܠܝܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܕܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ܆ ܢܦܠܐ ܝܘܡܢܐ ܒܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܡܪܕܝܢ܆ ܒܬܝܡܢ ܡܕܢܚ ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ܆ ܘܡܢ ܡܕܢܚܗ ܢܦܠܐ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܫܝܪܢܐܟ܆ ܘܡܢ ܬܝܡܢܗ ܢܨܝܒܝܢ܆ ܥܠ ܬܚܘܡܐ ܕ ܡܕܝܢ̱ܬܐ ܕܩܡܫܠܝ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ.

## ܡܕܡ ܐܠܨܝܐ
ܕܥܝܢܘܪ̈ܕܝܐ ܐܘܟܝܬ (ܥܝܘܪ̈ܢܝܐ) ܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܐܪܬܘܕܘܟܣܝܐ ܓܢܒܪܐ ܘܐܬܠܝܛܐ ܒܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ܆ ܡܕܡ ܕܥܝܢܘܪܕܐ ܐܩܪܒܬ ܥܡ ܐܚܘ̈ܬܗ ܐܙܟ (ܒܝܬ ܙܒܕܝ) ܘܐܪܒܐ ܒܩܪܒܐ ܓܘܢܝܐ܆ ܐܘܟܝܬ ܒܩܛܠܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܐ ܡܫܝܚܝܐ ܕ1915 ܘܙܟܬ.

ܘܝܘܡܢܐ ܠܐ ܩܘܝ ܒܗܕܐ ܩܪܝܬܐ ܡܒܪܟܬܐ ܣܛܪ ܡܢ ܚܕܟܡܐ ܒܬ̈ܝܢ ܢܩܦܝܢ ܠܡܪܥܝܬܐ ܕܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ܆ ܕܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܓܒܪܐܝܠ܆ ܘܥܝܢܘܪ̈ܕܝܐ ܐܬܓܠܘܝܘ ܒܐܬܪ̈ܘܬܐ ܕܥܡܪܬܐ ܘ ܕܝܠܢܐܝܬ ܒ ܐܬܪܐ ܕܒܠܓܝܩܐ ܘܦܪܢܣܐ܆ ܘܥܕܡܐ ܠܝܘܡܢܐ ܥܝܘܪ̈ܢܝܐ (ܥܝܢܘܪ݁ܕܝܐ) ܡܫܕܪܝܢ ܒܢܝܗܘܢ ܕܢܐܠܦܘܢ ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܘܛܟܣܐ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܒܕܝܪܐ ܕܟܘܪܟܡܐ ܒܡܪܥܝܬ ܡܪܕܝܢ (ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܚܢܢܝܐ).

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
*ܩܡܫܠܝ
*ܟܦܫܢܐ
*ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
*ܐܙܟ
*ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܐܘܓܝܢ
*ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܓܒܪܐܝܠ
*ܐܪܒܐ
*ܒܣܒܪܝܢܐ
*ܡܝܕܢ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܐܕܢܐ (ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ)

**ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܐܕܢܐ** ܗܝ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܒܬܝܡܢܐ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܗܘܦܪܟܝܣ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ
ܐܓܪܝ (ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ)

thumb|300px|ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܐܓܪܝ
**ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܐܓܪܝ** (ܛܘܪܩܐܝܬ: Ağrı) ܗܝ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܒܛܘܪܩܝܐ. ܒܫܢܬܐ 2007 ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܗܢܐ ܐܝܬ ܠܗ̇ 530.879 ܢܫ̈ܐ.

ܐܪܫܟܝܬܐ ܕܐܓܪܝ ܗܝ ܐܓܪܝ܇ ܘܐܝܬ ܠܗ̇ 99.267 ܢܫ̈ܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܗܘܦܪܟܝܣ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ
ܐܡܐܣܝܐ (ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ)

thumb|400px|ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܐܡܐܣܝܐ (ܣܘܡܩܬܐ) ܒܓܘ ܛܘܪܩܝܐ

**ܐܡܐܣܝܐ** ܗܝ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܒܓܪܒܝܐ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ. ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܐܡܐܣܝܐ ܢܦܠܐ ܥܠ ܣܦܬ ܢܗܪܐ ܕܝܫܝܠܐܝܪܡܐܩ ܘܒܬܝܡܢܗ̇ ܕܨܐܡܨܘܢ ܡܪܕܐ ܕܚܡܫܝܢ ܡܝ̈ܠܝܢ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܗܘܦܪܟܝܣ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ
ܐܢܩܪܐ (ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ)

ܙܥܘܪܬܐ|ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܐܢܩܪܐ ܒܓܘܢܐ ܣܘܡܩܐ

**ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܐܢܩܪܐ** ܗܝ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܒܛܘܪܩܝܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܗܘܦܪܟܝܣ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ
ܙܠܡܐ ܦܫܝܩܐ

**ܙܠܡܐ ܦܫܝܩܐ** (ܒܸ) ܗܘ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܙܘܥ̈ܐ ܕܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
ܙܘܥܐ (ܐܠܦܒܝܬ)

ܣܕܪܐ:ܩܢܘܢܐ ܕܠܥܙܐ
ܐܕܝܐܡܐܢ (ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ)

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**ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܐܕܝܐܡܐܢ** (ܛܘܪܩܐܝܬ Adıyaman ili) ܗܝ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܒܛܘܪܩܝܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܗܘܦܪܟܝܣ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ
ܚܒܨܐ

**ܚܒܨܐ** (ܝܼ ܐܘ ܒܺܝ) ܗܘ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܙܘܥ̈ܐ ܕܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
ܙܘܥܐ (ܩܢܘܢܐ ܕܠܥܙܐ)

ܣܕܪܐ:ܩܢܘܢܐ ܕܠܥܙܐ
ܪܘܚܐ (ܙܘܥܐ)

**ܪܘܚܐ** (ܘܿ) ܗܘ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܙܘܥ̈ܐ ܕܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
* ܙܘܥܐ (ܩܢܘܢܐ ܕܠܥܙܐ)

ܣܕܪܐ:ܩܢܘܢܐ ܕܠܥܙܐ
ܒܝܛܠܝܣ (ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ)

thumb|ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܒܝܛܠܝܣ ܒܛܘܪܩܝܐ
**ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܒܝܛܠܝܣ** ܗܝ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܒܛܘܪܩܝܐ. ܒܫܢܬܐ 2007 ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܗܢܐ ܐܝܬ ܗܘܐ ܠܗ 61.767 ܒܢܥ̈ ܐܢܫܐ.

ܣܕܪܐ:ܗܘܦܪܟܝܣ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ
ܒܘܠܘ (ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ)

**ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܒܘܠܘ** ܗܝ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܒܛܘܪܩܝܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܗܘܦܪܟܝܣ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ
ܕܝܪܐ ܕܟܘܪܟܡܐ

thumb|450px|ܕܝܪܐ ܕ ܙܥܦܪܐܢ (ܡܪܝ ܚܢܢܝܐ) ܐܫܬܬܐܣ ܒܫܢܬ 473 ܡ

**ܕܝܪܐ ܕܟܘܪܟܡܐ** ܐܘ **ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܚܢܢܝܐ** ܗܝ ܐܝܬܝܗ̇ ܕܝܪܐ ܡܫܡܗܬܐ ܥܪܒܐܝܬ ܒܫܡ “ܕܝܪ ܐܠܙܥܦܪܐܢ” (ܐܝܟ ܫܡܗ̇ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ) ܘܣܘܕܐܝܬ ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܚܢܢܝܐ ܕܐܬܒܢܝܬ ܒܫܢܬ 473 ܡ܆ ܘܒܠܫܢܐ ܥܪܒܝܐ :(دير الزعفران)܆ ܘܒܠܫܢܐ ܛܘܪܩܝܐ :(Deyrulzafaran)܆

## ܫܡܐ ܕܕܝܪܐ ܕܟܘܪܟܡܐ
*ܝܘܡܢܐ ܡܬܩܪܝܐ ܒܫܡ ܩܕܝܫܐ (ܡܪܝ ܚܢܢܝܐ) ܕܐܬܐ ܗܘܐ ܒܫܢܬ 793 ܘܗܘܐ ܚܣܝܐ ܠܡܪܥܝܬܐ ܡܒܪܟܬܐ ܕ ܡܪܕܝܢ ܆ ܕܗܘ ܗܢܐ ܩܕܝܫܐ ܨܒܬ ܘܚܕܬ ܠܕܝܪܐ ܕܟܘܪܟܡܐ ܘܨܒܬܗ ܒܟܠ ܫܘܦܪ̈ܝܢ.
*ܘܬܘܒ ܐܬܟܢܝܬ ܗܕܐ ܕܝܪܐ ܩܕܝܫܬܐ ܒܫܡ ܩܕܝܫܐ ܥܢܘܝܐ ܡܪܝ ܐܘܓܝܢ ܕܐܬܐ ܗ̱ܘܐ ܡܢ ܡܨܪܝܢ ܆ ܥܠ ܒܙܒܢ ܩܪܒܐ ܐܝܬܝܘ ܕܝܪ̈ܝܐ (ܐܝܟ ܬܫܥܝܬܐ ܬܘܕܝܬܢܝܬܐ) ܚܕܟܡܐ ܓܪ̈ܡܐ ܕܩܕܝܫܐ ܡܢ ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܐܘܓܝܢ ܒܛܘܪܐ ܕ ܐܝܙܠܐ ܕܢܦܠ ܒܡܕܒܪܐ ܕ ܢܨܝܒܝܢ ܥܠ ܬܚܘܡܐ ܕ ܩܡܫܠܝ. ܘܬܘܒ ܐܬܟܢܝܬ ܕܝܪܐ ܕ ܙܥܦܪܐܢ ܐܘ ܟܘܪܟܡܐ ܒܫܡ ܡܪܝ (ܫܠܝܡܘܢ) ܕܝܪܝܐ ܕܫܬܐܣ ܠܕܝܪܐ ܒܫܢܬ 473 ܡ.

## ܕܘܟܬܐ ܘܡܟܬܒܙܒܢܐ
*ܢܦܠܐ ܗܕܐ ܕܝܪܐ ܡܒܪܟܬܐ ܕܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܐܪܬܘܕܟܣܝܐ ܆ ܒܬܝܡܢ ܡܕܢܚ ܐܬܪܐ ܕ ܛܘܪܩܝܐ ܒܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܡܪܕܝܢ ܆ ܥܠ ܪܘܚܩܐ ܕ 3 ܟܝܠܘܡܬܪ̈ܐ ܬܝܡܢ ܡܕܝܢ̱ܬܐ ܕܡܪܕܝܢ ܘ 43 ܟܡ ܡܢ ܡܕܝܢܬ ܩܡܫܠܝ ܡܒܪܟܬܐ ܒ ܐܬܪܐ ܕ ܣܘܪܝܐ ܆ ܘ ܐܝܬܝܗ̊ ܗ̱ܘܬ ܗܕܐ ܕܝܪܐ ܕܝܪܐ ܦܛܪܝܪܟܝܬܐ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܐܪܬܘܕܟܣܝܬܐ ܡܢ ܫܢܬ 1296 ܡ ܘܥܕܡܐ ܠܫܢܬ 1933 ܡ ܕܐܬܬ ܗ̱ܘܬ ܠܡܕܝܢܬ (ܚܡܨ) ܒܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕ ܣܘܪܝܐ ܆ ܘܟܢ ܐܙܠ ܗܢܐ ܟܘܪܣܝܐ ܦܛܪܝܪܟܝܐ ܠܡܕܝܢ̱ܬܐ ܕ ܕܪܡܣܘܩ ܐܪܫܟܝܬܐ ܕ ܐܬܪܐ ܕ ܣܘܪܝܐ ܘܩܘܝ ܒܗ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܝܘܡܢܐ ܐܠܘ ܒܩܪܝܬܐ ܕ ܡܥܪܬ ܨܝܕܢܝܐ ܥܠ ܪܘܚܩܐ ܕ 25 ܟܡ ܡܢ ܕܪܡܣܘܩ .
*ܘܥܕܡܐ ܠܝܘܡܢܐ ܐܝܬ ܒܗܕܐ ܕܝܪܐ ܕܝܪܝܐ ܚܕ ܘ ܚܕ ܚܣܝܐ (ܡܪܝ ܦܝܠܘܟܣܝܢܘܣ ܨܠܝܒܐ ܐܘܙܡܐܢ) ܕܐܬܐ ܗ̱ܘܐ ܒܬܪ ܟܘܟܒܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ (ܡܪܝ ܦܝܠܘܟܣܝܢܘܣ ܝܘܚܢܢ ܕܘܠܒܐܢܝ) ܕܫܢܝ ܗ̱ܘܐ ܡܢ ܗܠܝܢ ܚܝ̈ܐ ܙܒܢܝ̈ܐ ܠܚܝ̈ܐ ܥܠܡܝܢܝ̈ܐ ܒܫܢܬ 1969 ܡ ܆ ܘܐܝܬ ܒܗ ܒܕܝܪܐ ܒܝܬ ܣܦܪܐ ܡܠܦܐ ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܠܝܠܘ̈ܦܐ ܕܕܝܪܐ ܕܐܬܝܢ ܡܢ ܚܕܟܡܐ ܩܘܪ̈ܝܐ ܕ ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ .

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
*ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
*ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܐܘܓܝܢ
*ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܓܒܪܐܝܠ
*ܡܕܝܕ
*ܐܙܟ
*ܟܦܫܢܐ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܕܝܪ̈ܬܐ ܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܬܐ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܣܘܟܢܐ

thumb|300px|ܣܘܟܢܐ ܕܣܦܝܢܬܐ ܝܘܡܢܐ

**ܣܘܟܢܐ** ܗܘ ܡܕܡ ܕܢܕܒܘܪ ܣܦܝܢܬܐ ܐܘ ܩܪܩܘܪܐ ܐܘ ܛܝܣܬܐ ܐܘ ܪ̈ܟܘܒܐ ܐܚܪ̈ܢܐ ܕܢܗܠܟܘܢ ܒܐܐܪ ܐܘ ܒܡܝ̈ܐ܀
ܥܪܘܒܬܐ ܕܚܫܐ

**ܥܪܘܒܬܐ ܕܚܫܐ** ܗܝ ܥܪܘܒܬܐ ܩܕܝܫܬܐ ܒܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ. ܥܪܘܒܬܐ ܕܚܫܐ ܗܝ ܕܘܟܪܢܐ ܕܨܠܒܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܘ ܬܐܬܐ ܩܕܡ ܥܐܕܐ ܕܩܝܡܬܐ܀
ܡܠܟܐ

[thumb|ܬܓܐ ܕ[ܡܠܟܘܬܐ ܡܚܝܕܬܐ]]

**ܡܠܟܐ** (ܢܩܒܬܢܝܐ **ܡܠܟܬܐ**) ܗܘ ܪܝܫܐ ܕܡܠܟܘܬܐ. ܡܠܟܐ ܒܚܕ ܟܡܐ ܡܠܟܘܬ̈ܐ ܗܘ ܡܕܒܪܢܐ ܕܡܠܟܘܬܐ ܐܠܐ ܒܚܕ ܟܡܐ ܡܠܟܘܬ̈ܐ ܐܚܪ̈ܢܝܬܐ ܗܘ ܪܡܙܐ ܕܡܠܟܘܬܐ ܒܠܚܘܕ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܠܟܐ
ܚܣܟܗ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ)

thumb|ܚܣܟܗ ܒܣܘܪܝܐ

**ܚܣܟܗ** (ܥܪܒܐܝܬ حسكة) ܗܝ ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܒܓܪܒܝ ܡܕܢܚ ܐܬܪܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ܆ ܥܠ ܪܘܚܩܐ ܕܬܫܥܝܢ ܟܝܠܘܡܛܪ̈ܝܢ ܡܢ ܡܕܝܢܬ ܕܩܡܫܠܝ. ܐܝܬܝܗ̇ ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܚܣܟܗ ܐܪܫܟܝܬܐ ܕܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܚܣܟܗ܀

ܐܝܬ ܒܚܣܟܗ ܡܢܝܢܐ ܪܒܐ ܡܢ ܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ. ܘܬܘܒ ܩܢܛܪܘܢܐ ܠܟܢܘܫܬܐ ܡܪܕܘܬܢܝܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܘܠܚܘܕܪܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܐܪܡܝܐ ܘܬܘܒ ܕܫܘܠܛܢܘܬܐ ܓܒܐ ܕܒܥܬ܀

ܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܐ ܕܚܝܝܢ ܒܓܘ ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܚܣܟܗ ܡܡܠܠܝܢ ܒܠܥܙܐ ܡܥܪܒܝܐ ܘܡܕܢܚܝܐ ܕܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
*ܚܣܟܗ (ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ)

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܒܣܘܪܝܐ
ܟܢܘܫܬܐ ܡܪܕܘܬܢܝܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܒܣܘܪܝܐ

**ܟܢܘܫܬܐ ܡܪܕܘܬܢܝܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܒܣܘܪܝܐ** ܐܫܬܬܣܬ ܗܕܐ ܟܢܘܫܬܐ ܒܡܕܢ̱ܬܐ ܕܩܡܫܠܝ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܒܫܢܬ 2008 ܆ ܒܐܘܝܘܬܐ ܕܪܝܫ ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܣܘܪܐ ܡܝܩܪܐ ܒܫܐܪ ܐܠܐܣܕ.

ܘ ܟܢܘܫܬܐ ܡܪܕܘܬܢܝܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܒܣܘܪܝܐ ܐܝܬ ܠܗ̊ ܦܪ̈ܥܐ ܒܕܝܪܝܟ (ܡܐܠܟܝܗ) ܘܚܣܟܗ ܘܩܒܪ̈ܐ ܚܘܪ̈ܐ ܆ ܘܬܘܒ ܐܝܬ ܠܗ ܦܪܝܣܬܐ ܝܪܚܝܬܐ ܒܫܡ (ܫܡܪܰܐ).

ܘܗܝ ܗܕܐ ܟܢܘܫܬܐ ܐܝܬ ܠܗ ܐܣܪ̈ܐ ܓܒܢܝܐ ܥܡ ܓܒܐ ܕܚܐܪܘܬܐ ܕܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ܆ ܘܡܘܬܒܐ ܐܘܡܬܝܐ ܕܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ ܟܠܕܝܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܕܣܘܝܕ܆ ܘܬܘܒ ܥܡ ܦܪܣ ܚܙܘܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ (ܣܘܪܝܐ ܬ.ܦ)

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
*ܩܡܫܠܝ
*ܚܣܟܗ
*ܕܝܪܝܟ
*ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܓܒܐ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܦܐܦܐ ܫܢܘܕܐ ܬܠܝܬܝܐ

ܙܥܘܪܬܐ|ܦܐܦܐ ܫܢܘܕܐ ܬܠܝܬܝܐ

**ܦܐܦܐ ܫܢܘܕܐ ܬܠܝܬܝܐ** (ܐܝܓܘܦܛܐܝܬ Ⲡⲁⲡⲁ Ⲁⲃⲃⲁ Ϣⲉⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲡⲓⲙⲁϩ ϣⲟⲩⲙⲧ܆ ܥܪܒܐܝܬ البابا شنودة الثالث܆ ܐܬܝܠܕ 3 ܒܐܒ 1923 ܘܡܝܬ 17 ܒܐܕܪ 2012) ܗܘܐ ܦܐܦܐ ܕܡܐܐ ܘܫܒܥܣܪ ܕܐܠܟܣܢܕܪܝܐ ܘܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܕܟܠܗ̇ ܐܦܪܝܩܐ ܒܟܘܪܣܝܐ ܫܠܝܚܝܐ ܩܕܝܫܐ ܕܡܪܩܘܣ ܐܘܢܓܠܣܛܐ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܐܪܬܘܕܘܟܣܝܬܐ ܐܝܓܘܦܛܝܬܐ ܕܐܠܟܣܢܕܪܝܐ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܕܡܨܪܝܢ܀

## ܫܡܐ ܪܘܫܡܝܐ
ܫܡܗ ܪܘܫܡܝܐ ܐܝܬܘܗܝ **ܦܐܦܐ ܕܐܠܟܣܢܕܪܝܐ ܘܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܕ[[ܟܪܘܙܘܬܐ ܡܪܩܘܣܝܬܐ]]**. ܘܬܘܒ ܡܬܐܡܪ ܠܗ ܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܕܐܝܓܘܦܛܝ̈ܐ ܐܪ̈ܬܘܕܘܟܣܘ܀

## ܡܘܠܕܐ ܘܚܝ̈ܐ
ܐܬܝܠܕ ܫܢܘܕܐ ܒ3 ܒܐܒ 1923 ܒܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܐܣܝܘܛ ܒܡܨܪܝܢ ܥܠܝܬܐ. ܫܡܗ ܫܪܫܝܐ ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܗܘܐ **ܢܜܝܪ ܔܝܕ ܪܘܦܐܐܝܠ** (ܥܪܒܐܝܬ نظير جيد روفائيل). ܗܪܓ ܡܪܕܘܬܐ ܒܒܝܬ ܨܘܒܐ ܘܐܟܫܪ ܒܕܪܓܐ ܥܠܝܐ܆ ܘܐܠܦ ܒܡܕܪܫܬܐ ܕܚܕ ܒܫܒܐ ܐܝܟ (ܡܫܡܫܢܐ܆ خادم)܆ ܘܬܘܒ ܡܠܦܢܐ ܘܐܡܘܪܐ. ܗܘܐ ܕܝܪܝܐ ܒܫܡ **ܐܢܛܘܢܝܘܣ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ** ܒ18 ܒܬܡܘܙ 1954. ܘܐܣܬܝܡ ܫܢܘܕܐ ܠܦܛܪܝܪܟܘܬܐ ܒܫܢܬ 1971 ܒܬܪ ܢܝܚܬܗ ܕܦܐܦܐ ܩܘܪܝܠܠܘܣ ܫܬܝܬܝܐ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
* ܥܕܬܐ ܐܝܓܘܦܛܝܬܐ

## ܡܒܘ̈ܥܐ
* ܕܘܟܬܐ ܪܘܫܡܝܬܐ ܕܩܕܝܫܘܬܐ ܕܦܐܦܐ ܫܢܘܕܐ ܬܠܝܬܝܐ 

ܣܕܪܐ:ܦܛܪܝܪܟܘ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܦܐܦܐ
ܓܒܬܐ

thumb|300px|ܓܒܢܬܐ ܣܘܝܣܪܝܬܐ

**ܓܒܬܐ** (ܫܡܐ ܡܠܝܐ: **ܓܒܢܬܐ**܄ ܟܢܘܫܝܐ: **ܓܘܒ̈ܢܐ**) ܗܝ ܐܘܟܠܐ ܕܫܘܡܢܐ ܡܢ ܚܠܒܐ ܕܬܘܪ̈ܬܐ ܐܘ ܕܓܡܘ̈ܫܐ ܐܘ ܕܥܙ̈ܐ ܐܘ ܕܢܩܘ̈ܬܐ܀
ܥܐܕܐ ܕܩܝܡܬܐ

[alt=|ܙܥܘܪܬܐ|332x332px|ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕ"ܢܚܡܬܐ" (Auferstehung) ܡܢ ܫܢ̈ܝ 1512 ܠ1516 ܒܝܕ [ܡܐܬܝܐܣ ܓܪܘܢܗܒܐܠܕ.]]

**ܥܐܕܐ ܕܩܝܡܬܐ** (ܐܦ ܣܘܕܐܝܬ: **ܥܐܕܐ ܪܒܐ**) ܗܘ ܥܐܕܐ ܪܒܐ ܕܩܝܡܬܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ ܩܡ ܡܢ ܒܝܬ ܡܝ̈ܬܐ ܒܝܘܡܐ ܕܬܠܬܐ ܡܢ ܡܘܬܗ ܥܠ ܨܠܝܒܐ ܒܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ. ܢܦܠ ܥܐܕܐ ܕܩܝܡܬܐ ܒܝܘܡܐ ܕܚܕܒܫܒܐ܀

## ܒܪ̈ܟܝܬܐ ܕܥܐܕܐ ܕܩܝܡܬܐ
:ܥܐܕܐ ܕܩܝܡܬܐ ܒܪܝܟܐ
:ܡܫܝܚܐ ܩܡ! ܫܪܝܪܐܝܬ ܩܡ!
:ܡܪܢ ܩܡ! ܫܪܝܪܐܝܬ ܩܡ!

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
*ܦܢܛܝܩܘܣܛܝ

## ܐܣܪ̈ܐ ܒܪ̈ܝܐ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܐܦܪܝܩܐ ܡܨܥܝܬܐ

**ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܐܦܪܝܩܐ ܡܨܥܝܬܐ** (ܒܣܐܢܓܘ: Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka ܄ ܦܪܢܣܐܝܬ: République centrafricaine) ܗܝ ܐܬܪܐ ܒܐܦܪܝܩܐ܂ ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܐܦܪܝܩܐ ܡܨܥܝܬܐ ܐܝܬ ܠܗ ܬܚܘܡܐ ܥܡ ܣܘܕܐܢ ܬܝܡܢܝܬܐ ܘܥܡ ܣܘܕܐܢ ܘܥܡ ܬܫܐܕ ܘܥܡ ܩܐܡܪܘܢ ܘܥܡ ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܩܘܢܓܘ ܘܥܡ ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܝܡܘܩܪܛܝܬܐ ܕܩܘܢܓܘ܂ ܐܢܫ̈ܐ ܒܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܐܦܪܝܩܐ ܡܨܥܝܬܐ ܢܡܠܠܘܢ ܦܪܢܣܐܝܬ ܘܒܣܐܢܓܘ܀
ܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ

**ܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ** (ܟܢܘܫܝܐ: ܦܛܪܝܪ̈ܟܘ) ܗܘ ܪܝܫ ܚܣܝ̈ܐ ܐܘܟܝܬ ܡܝܛܪ̈ܦܘܠܝܛܐ ܕܡܪ̈ܥܝܬܐ ܘܐܦܣܩܘ̈ܦܐ ܓܘܢܝ̈ܐ ܟܠܗܘܢ܆ ܘܬܘܒ ܪܝܫܐ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܕܗܢܘܢ ܐܦܣܩܘ̈ܦܐ .

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
*ܦܐܦܐ ܫܢܘܕܐ ܬܠܝܬܝܐ
*ܡܪܝ ܐܝܓܢܐܛܝܘܣ ܙܟܝ ܩܕܡܝܐ ܥܝܘܐܨ
*ܥܕܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܬܪܝܨܬ ܫܘܒܚܐ ܕܐܢܛܝܘܟ ܘܕܟܠܗ ܡܕܢܚܐ
ܩܐܡܪܘܢ

**ܩܐܡܪܘܢ** (ܐܢܓܠܐܝܬ: Cameroon܄ ܦܪܢܣܐܝܬ: Cameroun) ܗܝ ܐܬܪܐ ܒܐܦܪܝܩܐ܂ ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܩܐܡܪܘܢ ܐܝܬ ܠܗ ܬܚܘܡܐ ܥܡ ܢܝܓܪܝܐ ܘܥܡ ܬܫܐܕ ܘܥܡ ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܐܦܪܝܩܐ ܡܨܥܝܬܐ ܘܥܡ ܓܝܢܝܐ ܛܪܘܦܝܩܝܬܐ ܘܥܡ ܓܐܒܘܢ ܘܥܡ ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܩܘܢܓܘ܂ ܐܢܫ̈ܐ ܒܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܩܐܡܪܘܢ ܢܡܠܠܘܢ ܦܪܢܣܐܝܬ ܘܐܢܓܠܐܝܬ܀
ܛܘܪܝܐ

**ܛܘܪܝܐ** ܐܘ **ܛܘܪܥܒܕܝܢܝܐ** ܠܥܙܐ ܗܘ ܕܡܡܠܠܐ ܕܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܐ ܕܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ܆ ܘܩܡܫܠܝ ܘܩܒܪ̈ܐ ܚܘܪ̈ܐ ܘܕܟܠܗܘܢ ܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܐ ܛܘܪ̈ܥܒܕܝܢܝ ܫܪܫܐ..
 
ܗܢܐ ܠܥܙܐ ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܠܫܢ̈ܐ ܚܕ̈ܬܐ ܕܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܟܬܒܢܝܐ܆ ܕܐܝܬ ܒܗ ܠܥ̈ܙܐ ܡܫܚ̈ܠܦܐ܆ ܘܝܬܝܪ ܡܢܗܘܢ ܝܘܡܢܐ : ܡܕܢܚܝܐ (ܣܘܪܬ) ܘ ܡܥܪܒܝܐ (ܛܘܪܝܐ).

ܒܛܘܪܝܐ ܠܐ ܪܬܡܝܢ (ܒ) ܕܐܝܟ (ܥܢ̈ܒܐ) ܐܡܪܝܢ ܒܛܘܪܝܐ : (ܥܢܘܐ)܆ ܘܬܘܒ ܐܡܪܝܢ ܠ(ܓܒܢܬܐ): (ܓܘܬܐ)܆ ܘܠ (ܕܗܒܐ) ܐܡܪܝܢ: (ܕܗܘܐ) ܘܣܛܪ.

ܬܘܒ ܟܝܠܐ ܕܡܠܬܐ ܡܫܬܚܠܦ ܒܠܥܙܐ ܛܘܪܝܐ ܐܘ (ܡܥܪܒܝܐ). ܘܒܚܪܬܐ ܠܐ ܛܥܝܢܢ ܬܘܒ ܕܒܪܢܫܐ ܕܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ ܡܬܐܡܪ ܠܗ (ܛܘܪܝܐ) ܩܦܝܣܐ ܕ(ܛܘܪܥܒܕܝܢܝܐ).

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
* ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ
* ܠܫܢܐ ܐܪܡܝܐ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܠܫܢܐ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ
ܩܒܪܐ ܚܘܪܐ

**ܩܒܪ̈ܐ ܚܘܪ̈ܐ** ܗܘ ܡܕܝܢܬܐ  ܒܓܪܒܝ ܡܕܢܚ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ܆ ܒܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܚܣܟܗ. ܩܒܪ̈ܐ ܚܘܪ̈ܐ ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܥܠ ܪܘܚܩܐ ܕ30 KM ܡܢ ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܩܡܫܠܝ܆ ܘܠܐܦܝ̈ 90 KM ܡܢ ܡܕܝܢܬ ܕܝܪܝܟ (ܡܐܠܟܝܗ).

*ܡܬܐܡܪ ܠܗ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܥܪܒܝܐ (ܩܒܘܪ ܐܠܒܝܨ̊) ܐܘ (ܩܚܛܐܢܝܗ) ܐܘܟܝܬ (قبور البيض أو قحطانية) ܆

*ܘܐܝܬ ܒܗ̊ ܥܡ̈ܐ ܡܢ ܬܘܕܝ̈ܬܐ ܡܫܚܠܦ̈ܬܐ ܡܢ ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ ܘ ܐܣܠܐܡ ܘ ܐܝܙܝܕܝܐ .

*ܘܬܘܒ ܐܝܬ ܒܗ̊ ܐܡܘ̈ܬܐ ܡܫܚܠ̈ܦܬܐ ܡܢ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܘ ܩܘܪܕܝܐ ܘ ܥܪܒܝܐ ܘ ܐܪܡܢܝܐ .

*ܐܝܬ ܒܗ ܥܕܬܐ ܕܝܠܕܬ ܐܠܗܐ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܐܪܬܘܕܟܣܝܬܐ ܘܬܘܒ ܠܐܦܝ̈ ܬܡܢܐ ܥܕܬ̈ܐ ܒܩܘܪܝܐܣ ܕܩܒܪ̈ܐ ܚܘܪ̈ܐ ܕܐܝܟ (ܓܪܫܝܪܐܢ): ܡܪܝ ܐܘܓܝܢ ܘܡܪܝ ܫܠܝܛܐ ܘܡܪܝ ܐܘܠܘܓ ܆ ܘ(ܓܪܟܗ ܫܐܡܘ): ܡܪܝ ܩܘܪܝܐܩܘܣ ܆ ܘ(ܕܪܝܓܝܟ): ܡܪܝ ܓܝܘܪܓܝܣ ܆ ܘ (ܓܪܕܘܟܐ): ܡܪܝ ܡܠܟܐ ܆ ܘ (ܩܨܪܘܟ): ܡܪܝ ܫܡܥܘܢ ܕܙܝ̈ܬܐ ܆ ܘ(ܡܚܪܟܐܢ) ܘ(ܪܘܬܐܢ): ܡܪܝ ܓܝܘܪܓܝܣ ܆ ܘ(ܟ̥ܘܝܬܠܐ ܬܚܬܐܢܝ) ܘ(ܟܘܝܬܠܐ ܦܘܩܐܢܝ) ܆ ܘ(ܣܠܝܡܐܢ ܣܐܪܝ): ܡܪܝ ܐܚܐ ܆ ܘ(ܩܠܥܐ) ܘ(ܛܐܫ) ܘ(ܬܠ ܥܠܐ)܀

*ܘܗܠܝܢ ܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܐ ܕܩܒܪ̈ܐ ܚܘܪ̈ܐ ܐܬܘ ܡܢ ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ ܒܬܪ ܩܛܠܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܕ1915 ܡ ܡܢ ܩܘܪ̈ܝܐܣ ܕܐܪܒܐ ܘܙܐܙ ܘܟܦܫܢܐ ܘܥܝܢܘܪܕܐ ܘܡܝܕܢ ܘܡܕܝܕ ܘܒܝܬ ܣܒܝܪܝܢܐ ܘܚܝܕܠ܀

*ܘܠܐ ܛܥܢܢ ܠܡܕܟܪ ܕܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܒܩܒܪ̈ܐ (ܐܘ ܩܨܪ̈ܐ) ܚܘܪ̈ܐ ܡܡܠܠ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܒܠܥܙܐ ܛܘܪܝܐ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܝܘܡܢܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܐܡܪܝܩܐ ܠܐܛܝܢܝܬܐ

300px|thumb|ܐܬܪ̈ܘܬܐ ܕܐܡܪܝܩܐ ܠܐܛܝܢܝܬܐ

**ܐܡܪܝܩܐ ܠܐܛܝܢܝܬܐ** ܗܝ ܕܘܟܬܐ ܒܐܡܪܝܩܐ ܓܪܒܝܝܬܐ ܘܐܡܪܝܩܐ ܬܝܡܢܝܬܐ ܐܝܟܐ ܕܐܢܫ̈ܐ ܡܠܠܝܢ ܠܫܢ̈ܐ ܪ̈ܘܡܐܢܣܝܐ ܐܘܟܝܬ ܠܫܢܐ ܐܣܦܢܝܐ ܘܠܫܢܐ ܦܘܪܛܘܓܠܝܐ ܘܠܫܢܐ ܦܪܢܣܝܐ܂ ܐܝܬ ܝܬܝܪ ܡܢ ܥܣܪܝܢ ܐܬܪ̈ܘܬܐ ܒܐܡܪܝܩܐ ܠܐܛܝܢܝܬܐ܀
ܚܠܒܐ (ܕܝܘܒܐ)

thumb|300px|ܟܣܐ ܕܚܠܒܐ

**ܚܠܒܐ** ܗܘ ܕܝܘܒܐ ܚܘܪܐ ܕܡܬܟܝܢ ܒܬܕܝ̈ ܐܢܬܬܐ ܘܒܢܩܒܬ̈ܐ ܕܚܝܘܬ̈ܐ܀
ܠܒܐ

thumbnail|250px|ܠܒܐ ܕܐܢܫܐ
thumb|ܠܒܐ ܕܐܢܫܐ
**ܠܒܐ** (ܟܢܘܫܝܐ: **ܠܒ̈ܐ** ܐܘ **ܠܒܘ̈ܬܐ**) ܗܘ ܗܕܡܐ ܐܢܢܩܝܐ ܕܟܠ ܚܝܘ̈ܬܐ ܕܚܡܘܪ̈ܬܐ ܕܢܕܚܐ ܕܡܐ ܒܝܢܬ ܘܪܝܕ̈ܐ ܘܒܝܢܬ ܫܪ̈ܝܢܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ
ܕܝܪܝܟ

**ܕܝܪܝܟ** ܐܘ **ܡܐܠܟܝܗ** ܗܝ ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܒܓܪܒܝ ܡܕܢܚ ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ܆ ܒܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܚܣܟܗ܆ ܪܘܚܩܐ 120 ܟܡ ܡܢ ܩܡܫܠܝ ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܡܚܣܢܬ ܒܐܠܗܐ ܆ ܘܬܘܒ ܥܠ ܪܘܚܩܐ ܕ 90 ܟܡ ܡܢ ܩܒܪ̈ܐ ܚܘܪ̈ܐ܀

ܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܕܐܬܐ ܗܘܐ ܒܬܪ ܩܛܠܥܡܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ ܡܢ ܐܙܟ ܘܟܦܫܢܐ ܘܐܣܦܣ ܘܚܝܕܠ ܘܥܡܝܪܝܢ ܘܫܪܟܐ ܕܩܘܪ̈ܝܐ ܕܒܝܬ ܙܒܕܝ (ܐܙܟ) ܕܦܫܝ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ܀

ܘܐܝܬ ܒܗ ܝܘܡܢܐ ܬܘܕܝ̈ܬܐ ܕܐܣܠܐܡ ܘܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ܆ ܘܐܝܬ ܐܪܒܥܐ ܥܕܬܐ ܠ ܥܕܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܐܪܬܘܕܟܣܝܬܐ ܒܡܕܝܢܬ ܕܝܪܝܟ ܡܐܠܟܝܗ ܠܡܪܬ ܫܡܘܢܝ ܘܡܪܝ ܕܕܐ ܘܝܠܕܬ ܐܠܗܐ (ܕܪܐ ܚܡܝܫܝܐ ܕܡܘܠܕܐ) ܘܡܪܝ ܝܥܩܘܒ܆ ܘܬܘܒ ܚܕܐ (ܒܒܪܐ ܒܝܬܐ) ܠܝܠܕܬ ܐܠܗܐ ܘܚܕܐ ܒ(ܚܟܡܝܗ)  ܠܡܪܬ ܫܘܫܐܢ܀

*ܘܐܝܬ ܐܡܘ̈ܬܐ ܡܫܚܠܦ̈ܬܐ ܕܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܟܠܕܝܐ ܘܩܘܪܕܝܐ ܘܥܪܒܝܐ ܘܐܪܡܢܝܐ.

*ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܘܐܪܡܢܝܐ ܡܬܬܗܪܓܝܢ ܒܡܕܪ̈ܫܬܐ ܕܝܠܢܝ̈ܬܐ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
*ܩܡܫܠܝ
*ܚܣܟܗ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ

**ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ** (ܡܢ ܝܘܢܝܐ ܥܬܝܩܐ: εὐαγγέλιον) ܐܘ **ܣܒܪܬܐ** ܗܘ/ܗܝ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܐܪܒܥܐ ܟܬܒ̈ܐ ܩܕ̈ܡܝܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܐܢܘܢ ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ ܕܡܬܝ ܘܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ ܕܡܪܩܘܣ ܘܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ ܕܠܘܩܐ ܘܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ ܕܝܘܚܢܢ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ
ܠܫܢܐ ܪܘܡܐܢܣܝܐ

upright=2|thumb|ܠܫܢ̈ܐ ܪ̈ܘܡܐܢܣܝܐ :<br />'''<span style="color:#0000FF;">ܠܫܢܐ ܦܪܢܣܝܐ</span>'''; '''<span style="color:#00B927;">ܠܫܢܐ ܐܣܦܢܝܐ</span>'''; '''<span style="color:#FF8400;">ܠܫܢܐ ܦܘܪܛܘܓܠܝܐ</span>'''; '''<span style="color:#FFFF00;">ܠܫܢܐ ܐܝܛܠܝܐ</span>'''; '''<span style="color:#FF0000;">ܠܫܢܐ ܪܘܡܢܝܐ</span>'''

**ܠܫܢܐ ܪܘܡܐܢܣܝܐ** ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܠܫܢܐ ܗܢܕܘܝܐ-ܐܘܪܘܦܝܐ ܕܐܬܐ ܡܢ ܠܫܢܐ ܠܐܛܝܢܝܐ ܣܘܕܝܐ. ܡܢ ܠܫܢ̈ܐ ܪ̈ܘܡܐܢܣܝܐ ܠܫܢܐ ܐܣܦܢܝܐ ܘܠܫܢܐ ܦܘܪܛܘܓܠܝܐ ܘܠܫܢܐ ܦܪܢܣܝܐ ܘܠܫܢܐ ܐܝܛܠܝܐ ܘܠܫܢܐ ܪܘܡܢܝܐ ܘܠܫܢ̈ܐ ܙܥܘܪ̈ܐ ܐܚܪ̈ܢܐ ܣܓܝ̈ܐܐ. ܐܝܬ ܝܬܝܪ ܡܢ ܫܬܐ ܪ̈ܒܘܢ ܪ̈ܒܘܢ ܐܢܫ̈ܝܢ ܕܢܡܠܠܘܢ ܒܠܫܢ̈ܐ ܪ̈ܘܡܐܢܣܝܐ ܒܐܘܪܘܦܐ ܘܒܐܦܪܝܩܐ ܘܒܐܡܪܝܩܐ ܓܪܒܝܝܬܐ ܘܒܐܡܪܝܩܐ ܬܝܡܢܝܬܐ ܘܒܕܘܟܝ̈ܬܐ ܐܚܪ̈ܢܝܬܐ܀

ܪܘܡܐܢܣܝܐ
ܬܠܗܝܐ

**ܬܠܗܝܐ** ܗܘ ܣܕܪܐ ܕܟܘܪ̈ܗܢܐ ܟܕ ܟܘܪ̈ܐ ܕܓܘܫܡܐ ܚܘܝ ܦܘܪܝܐ ܠܐ ܟܝܢܝܐ ܘܠܐ ܡܬܫܠܛܢܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܟܘܪܗܢܐ
ܟܪܘܙܘܬܐ ܕܠܘܩܐ

**ܟܪܘܙܘܬܐ ܕܠܘܩܐ** ܐܘ **ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ ܕܠܘܩܐ** (ܝܘܢܐܝܬ: Κατὰ Λουκᾶν εὐαγγέλιον) ܗܘ ܟܬܒܐ ܬܠܝܬܝܐ ܘܐܪܝܟ ܡܢ ܟܠ ܐܪܒܥܐ ܟܬܒ̈ܐ ܩܕ̈ܡܝܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ܂ ܠܘܩܐ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܫܒܥܝܢ ܬܠܡܝܕ̈ܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ ܟܬܒ ܗܢܐ ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ܂ ܐܝܬ ܥܣܪܝܢ ܘܐܪܒܥܐ ܨܚܚ̈ܐ ܒܗܢܐ ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ܀

## ܐܣܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܪ̈ܝܐ
ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ ܕܠܘܩܐ ܥܠ ܢܘܠܐ 

ܣܕܪܐ:ܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ
ܟܪܘܙܘܬܐ ܕܝܘܚܢܢ

**ܟܪܘܙܘܬܐ ܕܝܘܚܢܢ** ܐܘ **ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ ܕܝܘܚܢܢ** (ܝܘܢܐܝܬ: Κατὰ Ἰωάννην) ܗܘ ܟܬܒܐ ܪܒܝܥܝܐ ܡܢ ܐܪܒܥܐ ܟܬܒ̈ܐ ܩܕ̈ܡܝܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ܂ ܝܘܚܢܢ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܬܪܥܣܪ ܬܠܡܝܕ̈ܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ ܟܬܒ ܗܢܐ ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ ܒܐܦܣܘܣ ܒܐܢܛܘܠܝܐ܂ ܐܝܬ ܥܣܪܝܢ ܘܚܕ ܨܚܚ̈ܐ ܒܗܢܐ ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ܀

## ܐܣܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܪ̈ܝܐ
ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ ܕܝܘܚܢܢ ܥܠ ܢܘܠܐ 

ܣܕܪܐ:ܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ
ܓܒܥܕܝܢ

## ܓܒܥܕܝܢ ܐܘ (ܓܒ ܥܕܝܢ)

*ܗܝ ܩܪܝܬܐ ܐܪܡܝܬܐ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܕ ܣܘܪܝܐ ܆ ܥܠ ܪܘܚܩܐ ܕ 40 ܟܡ ܡܢ ܐܪܫܟܝܬܐ ܕܪܡܣܘܩ ܆  ܘܠܐܦܝ̈ 5 ܟܡ ܡܢ ܩܪܝܬܐ ܕ ܡܥܠܘܠܐ ܛܒܝܒܬܐ ܆

*ܘ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܝܘܡܢܐ ܐ̱ܢܫܗ̊ ܡܡܠܠܝܢ ܒ ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܐܪܡܝܐ ܆ ܘܐܝܬ ܒܗ̊ ܠܐܦܝ̈ 7000 ܫܒܥܐ ܐܠܦܐ ܒܢܝ̈ ܢܫܐ ܡܡܠܠܝܢ ܒܗܢܐ ܠܫܢܐ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܆

*ܐܠܐ ܐܠܨܝܬ ܠܡܕܟܪ ܕܥܡܐ ܕ ܓܒܥܕܝܢ ܟܠܗ ܡܫܠܡܢܐ ܐܝܬܘܗ̱ܝ̱ ܡܢ ܬܘܕܝܬܐ ܕ ܐܣܠܐܡ ܆ ܘܥܡ ܗܢܐ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܡܡܠܝܢ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܐܪܡܝܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ .

*ܫܡܐ  ܓܒܥܕܝܢ ܐܪܡܝܐ ܡܢ ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܥܬܝܩܐ ܘ ܒ ܥܪܒܝܐ (جبعدين) ܆ ܐܘܟܝܬ (ܓܘܒ ܥܕܝܢ) (ܓܘܒܐ ܕܥܕܢ) ܆ ܐܘ (ܓܶܒ ܥܕܶܢ) ܆ ܘܐܝܬ ܢܫܝܢ ܕܡܗܦܟܝܢ ܣܘܟܠܗ̊ ܠܡܠܬ (ܥܒܕܝܢ) .

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ

*ܩܡܫܠܝ
*ܛܘܪ ܥܒܕܝܢ

## ܐܣܪ̈ܐ ܒܪ̈ܝܐ
*ܥܠ ܢܘܠܐ: ܡܕܪܫܬܐ ܕܝܘܠܦܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܡܕܐܬܐ

**ܡܕܐܬܐ** ܐܘ **ܡܐܕܬܐ** ܐܘ **ܡܕܬܐ** ܗܝ ܙܘܙܐ ܕܐܝܬܝ ܐܢܫ̈ܐ ܘܫܘܬܐܣ̈ܐ ܠܫܘܠܛܢܘܬܐ. ܫܘܠܛܢܘܬܐ ܬܒܥ ܗܕܐ ܡܕܐܬܐ ܠܥܒܕ ܬܫܡܫܬ̈ܐ ܡܫܚܠܦܬ̈ܐ ܠܩܘܛܢܐ ܐܝܟ ܢܩܘܕܘܬܐ ܘܝܘܠܦܢܐ ܘܚܘܠܡܢܐ ܘܣܛܪ܀
ܬܐܓܘܪܬܐ

[ܙܥܘܪܬܐ|ܨܝܪܐ ܕܬܓܪ̈ܐ ܒܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕ[ܓܕܐܢܣܩ ܡܢ ܕܪܐ ܕܫܒܥܬܥܣܪ]]
thumb|''Intérêts des nations de l'Europe, dévélopés relativement au commerce'', 1766

**ܬܐܓܘܪܬܐ** ܗܝ ܬܚܠܦܬܐ ܨܒܝܢܝܬܐ ܕܐܣܢ̈ܐ ܐܘ ܬܫܡܫܬ̈ܐ ܐܘ ܬܪ̈ܝܗܘܢ܀
ܦܪܟܣܝܣ ܕܫܠܝܚܐ

thumb
**ܦܪܟܣܝܣ ܕܫܠܝܚ̈ܐ** (ܝܘܢܐܝܬ: Πράξεις ἀποστόλων) ܗܘ ܟܬܒܐ ܚܡܝܫܝܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ܂ ܠܘܩܐ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܫܒܥܝܢ ܬܠܡܝܕ̈ܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ ܟܬܒ ܗܢܐ ܟܬܒܐ܂ ܐܝܬ ܥܣܪܝܢ ܘܬܡܢܝܐ ܨܚܚ̈ܐ ܒܗܢܐ ܟܬܒܐ܀

## ܐܣܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܪ̈ܝܐ
ܦܪܟܣܝܣ ܕܫܠܝܚ̈ܐ ܥܠ ܢܘܠܐ 

ܣܕܪܐ:ܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ
ܟܪܘܙܘܬܐ ܕܡܬܝ

**ܟܪܘܙܘܬܐ ܕܡܬܝ** ܐܘ **ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ ܕܡܬܝ** (ܝܘܢܐܝܬ: Κατὰ Ματθαῖον εὐαγγέλιον ܐܘ τὸ εὐαγγέλιον κατὰ Ματθαῖον) ܗܘ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܐܪܒܥܐ ܟܬܒ̈ܐ ܩܕ̈ܡܝܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ܂ ܡܬܝ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܬܪܥܣܪ ܫܠܝ̈ܚܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ ܟܬܒ ܗܢܐ ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ ܒܐܘܪܫܠܡ܂ ܐܝܬ ܥܣܪܝܢ ܘܬܡܢܝܐ ܨܚܚ̈ܐ ܒܗܢܐ ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ܀

## ܐܣܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܪ̈ܝܐ
ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ ܕܡܬܝ ܥܠ ܢܘܠܐ 

ܣܕܪܐ:ܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ
ܟܪܘܙܘܬܐ ܕܡܪܩܘܣ

**ܟܪܘܙܘܬܐ ܕܡܪܩܘܣ** ܐܘ **ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ ܕܡܪܩܘܣ** (ܝܘܢܐܝܬ: τὸ εὐαγγέλιον κατὰ Μᾶρκον) ܗܘ ܟܬܒܐ ܬܪܝܢܐ ܡܢ ܐܪܒܥܐ ܟܬܒ̈ܐ ܩܕ̈ܡܝܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ܂ ܡܪܩܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܫܒܥܝܢ ܬܠܡܝܕ̈ܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ ܟܬܒ ܗܢܐ ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ܂ ܐܝܬ ܫܬܥܣܪ ܨܚܚ̈ܐ ܒܗܢܐ ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ܀

## ܐܣܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܪ̈ܝܐ
ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ ܕܡܪܩܘܣ ܥܠ ܢܘܠܐ 

ܣܕܪܐ:ܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ
ܐܓܪܬܐ ܕܠܘܬ ܪܗܘܡܝܐ

**ܐܓܪܬܐ ܕܦܘܠܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܕܠܘܬ ܪ̈ܗܘܡܝܐ** ܚܕܐ ܡܢ ܐܓܪ̈ܬܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ. ܦܘܠܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܟܬܒ ܗܕܐ  ܐܓܪܬܐ ܠܪ̈ܗܘܡܝܐ܂ ܐܝܬ ܫܬܥܣܪ ܨܚܚ̈ܐ ܒܗܕܐ  ܐܓܪܬܐ܀

## ܐܣܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܪ̈ܝܐ
ܐܓܪܬܐ ܕܦܘܠܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܕܠܘܬ ܪܗܘܡܢܐ ܥܠ ܢܘܠܐ 

ܣܕܪܐ:ܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ
ܐܓܪܬܐ ܕܠܘܬ ܩܘܪܢܬܝܐ ܕܬܪܬܝܢ

**ܐܓܪܬܐ ܕܦܘܠܘܣ ܕܠܘܬ ܩܘܪ̈ܢܬܝܐ ܕܬܪܬܝܢ** ܚܕܐ ܡܢ ܐܓܪ̈ܬܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ. ܦܘܠܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܟܬܒ ܗܕܐ  ܐܓܪܬܐ܂ ܐܝܬ ܬܠܬܥܣܪ ܨܚܚ̈ܐ ܒܗܕܐ  ܐܓܪܬܐ܀

## ܐܣܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܪ̈ܝܐ
ܐܓܪܬܐ ܕܬܪܬܝܢ ܕܦܘܠܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܕܠܘܬ ܩܘܪ̈ܢܬܝܐ ܥܠ ܢܘܠܐ 

ܣܕܪܐ:ܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ
ܐܓܪܬܐ ܩܕܡܝܬܐ ܕܠܘܬ ܬܣܠܘܢܝܩܝܐ

**ܐܓܪܬܐ ܕܦܘܠܘܣ ܕܠܘܬ ܬܣܠܘܢܝܩܝ̈ܐ** ܚܕܐ ܡܢ ܐܓܪ̈ܬܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ. ܦܘܠܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܟܬܒ ܗܕܐ ܐܓܪܬܐ ܠܬܣܠܘܢܝܩܝ̈ܐ܂ ܐܝܬ ܚܡܫܐ ܨܚܚ̈ܐ ܒܗܕܐ ܐܓܪܬܐ܀

## ܐܣܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܪ̈ܝܐ
* ܐܓܪܬܐ ܩܕܡܝܬܐ ܕܦܘܠܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܕܠܘܬ ܬܣܠܘܢܝܩܝ̈ܐ ܥܠ ܢܘܠܐ 

ܣܕܪܐ:ܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ
ܐܓܪܬܐ ܩܕܡܝܬܐ ܕܠܘܬ ܛܝܡܬܐܘܣ

**ܐܓܪܬܐ ܩܕܡܝܬܐ ܕܦܘܠܘܣ ܕܠܘܬ ܛܝܡܬܐܘܣ** ܚܕܐ ܡܢ ܐܓܪ̈ܬܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ. ܦܘܠܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܟܬܒ ܗܕܐ ܐܓܪܬܐ ܠܛܝܡܬܐܘܣ ܪܥܝܐ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܕܐܦܣܘܣ܂ ܐܝܬ ܫܬܐ ܨܚܚ̈ܐ ܒܗܕܐ ܐܓܪܬܐ܀

## ܐܣܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܪ̈ܝܐ
ܐܓܪܬܐ ܩܕܡܝܬܐ ܕܦܘܠܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܕܠܘܬ ܛܝܡܬܐܘܣ ܥܠ ܢܘܠܐ 

ܣܕܪܐ:ܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ
ܐܓܪܬܐ ܩܕܡܝܬܐ ܕܦܛܪܘܣ

**ܐܓܪܬܐ ܩܕܡܝܬܐ ܕܦܛܪܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ** ܚܕܐ ܡܢ ܐܓܪ̈ܬܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ. ܦܛܪܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܟܬܒ ܗܕܐ ܐܓܪܬܐ ܠܥܕܬ̈ܐ ܕܐܢܛܘܠܝܐ ܐܘ ܐܣܝܐ ܙܥܘܪܬܐ܂ ܐܝܬ ܚܡܫܐ ܨܚܚ̈ܐ ܒܗܕܐ ܐܓܪܬܐ܀

## ܐܣܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܪ̈ܝܐ
ܐܓܪܬܐ ܩܕܡܝܬܐ ܕܦܛܪܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܥܠ ܢܘܠܐ 

ܣܕܪܐ:ܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ
ܐܓܪܬܐ ܕܬܪܬܝܢ ܕܝܘܚܢܢ

**ܐܓܪܬܐ ܕܬܪܬܝܢ ܕܝܘܚܢܢ ܫܠܝܚܐ** ܚܕܐ ܡܢ ܐܓܪ̈ܬܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ. ܝܘܚܢܢ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܟܬܒ ܗܕܐ ܐܓܪܬܐ ܠܒܟܬܐ "ܓܒܝܬܐ ܩܘܪܝܐ" ܘܠܒܢ̈ܝܗ܂ ܐܝܬ ܚܕ ܨܚܚܐ ܒܗܕܐ ܐܓܪܬܐ܀

## ܐܣܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܪ̈ܝܐ
ܐܓܪܬܐ ܕܬܪܬܝܢ ܕܝܘܚܢܢ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܥܠ ܢܘܠܐ 

ܣܕܪܐ:ܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ
ܓܠܝܢܐ ܕܝܘܚܢܢ

**ܓܠܝܢܐ ܕܝܘܚܢܢ ܫܠܝܚܐ** ܚܕܐ ܡܢ ܟܬܒ̈ܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ. ܝܘܚܢܢ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܟܬܒ ܗܕܐ ܓܠܝܢܐ܂ ܐܝܬ ܥܣܪܝܢ ܘܬܪܝܢ ܨܚܚ̈ܐ ܒܗܢܐ ܣܦܪܐ܀

## ܐܣܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܪ̈ܝܐ
ܓܠܝܢܐ ܕܝܘܚܢܢ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܥܠ ܢܘܠܐ 

ܣܕܪܐ:ܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ
ܬܪܥܣܪ ܫܠܝܚܐ

400px|thumb| ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕܚܫܡܝܬܐ ܐܚܪܝܬܐ ܒܝܕ ܠܝܘܢܐܪܕܘ ܕܐ ܒܝܢܓܝ

**ܬܪܥܣܪ ܫܠܝܚ̈ܐ ܕ[[ܡܫܝܚܐ]]** (ܫܠܝܚܐ ܐܘ ܐܦܘܣܛܠܘܣ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܝܘܢܝܐ ܥܬܝܩܐ: ἀπόστολος) ܐܢܘܢ ܡܫܕܪ̈ܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ ܕܦܩܕ ܠܗܘܢ ܘܐܡܪ 'ܙܠܘ ܗܟܝܠ ܬܠܡܕܘ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܥܡܡ̈ܐ ܘܐܥܡܕܘ ܐܢܘܢ ܒܫܡ ܐܒܐ ܘܒܪܐ ܘܪܘܚܐ ܕܩܘܕܫܐ' (ܡܬܝ 28)܀
ܒܪܛܠܐ

thumb|300px|ܥܕܬܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܓܝܘܪܓܝܣ ܒܒܪܛܠܐ ܡܢ ܫܢܬ 2013

**ܒܪܛܠܐ** (ܥܪܒܐܝܬ برطلّة‎) ܗܝ ܩܪܝܬܐ ܕܢܦܠܐ ܒܓܪܒܝ ܡܥܪܒ ܐܬܪܐ ܕܥܝܪܐܩ ܒܒܝܬ ܢܗܪ̈ܝܢ ܡܨܥܝܬܐ܆ ܘܢܩܦܐ ܠܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܢܝܢܘܐ. ܐܝܬ ܒܗ̇ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܕܒܪܛܠܐ ܡܢܝܢܐ ܪܒܐ ܡܢ ܒܢܝ̈ ܥܕܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܐܪܬܘܕܟܣܝܬܐ܆ ܘܬܘܒ ܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܩܬܘܠܝܩܝܐ. ܒܗܕܐ ܩܪܝܬܐ ܡܒܪܟܬܐ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܝܘܡܢܐ ܡܬܡܠܠ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܒܠܥܙܐ ܡܕܢܚܝܐ (ܣܘܕܝܐ ܐܘ ܣܘܪܬ) ܘܠܘ ܒܠܥܙܐ (ܛܘܪܝܐ) ܗܘ ܕܡܥܪ̈ܒܝܐ ܡܡܠܠܝܢ ܒܗ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܢܗܪܐ ܕܝܘܪܕܢܢ

thumb|300px|ܢܗܪܐ ܕܝܘܪܕܢܢ

**ܢܗܪܐ ܕܝܘܪܕܢܢ** (ܥܒܪܐܝܬ: נהר הירדן܄ ܥܪܒܐܝܬ: نهر الأردن‎) ܗܘ ܢܗܪܐ ܒܬܝܡܢ ܡܥܪܒ ܐܣܝܐ ܕܢܕܘܒ ܠܝܡܐ ܕܡܠܚܐ܂ ܗܘ ܢܗܪܐ ܩܕܝܫܐ ܠܬܘܕ̈ܝܬܐ ܕܝܗܘܕܝܘܬܐ ܘܕܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ܂ ܐܬܥܡܕ ܒܗ ܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ ܘܢܦܘܠ ܗܢܐ ܢܗܪܐ ܝܘܡܢܐ ܒܝܬ ܐܬܪ̈ܐ ܕܝܘܪܕܢܢ ܘܕܐܝܣܪܐܝܠ ܘܕܦܠܣܛܝܢ܆ ܐܝܟܐ ܡܪܝ ܝܘܚܢܢ ܡܥܡܕܢܐ ܡܥܡܕ ܗܘܐ ܠܫܘܒܩܢܐ ܕܚܛܗ̈ܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܢܗܪܘܬܐ
ܐܢܕܪܐܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ

thumb|ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܐܢܕܪܐܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ

**ܐܢܕܪܐܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ** ܗܘ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܬܪܥܣܪ ܫܠܝܚ̈ܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ ܘܐܚܗ ܕܫܡܥܘܢ ܟܐܦܐ ܘܒܪܗ ܕܝܘܢܐ (ܡܬܝ 17:16) ܡܢ ܒܝܬ ܨܝܕܐ ܥܠ ܝܡܐ ܕܓܠܝܠܐ܂ ܗܘܐ ܨܝܕܐ ܟܕ ܝܫܘܥ ܐܡܪ ܠܗ ܘܠܐܚܗ ܫܡܥܘܢ 'ܬܘ ܒܬܪܝ ܘܐܥܒܕܟܘܢ ܕܬܗܘܘܢ ܨܝ̈ܕܐ ܕܒܢ̈ܝ ܐܢܫܐ' (ܡܬܝ 20:4) ܘܗܢܘܢ ܐܙܠܘ ܒܬܪܗ܀
ܡܬܝ ܡܟܣܐ

thumb| ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܡܬܝ ܥܡ ܡܠܐܟܐ ܒܝܕ ܪܡܒܪܐܢܬ

**ܡܬܝ ܡܟܣܐ** ܐܘ **ܡܬܝ ܐܘܢܓܠܣܛܐ** ܐܘ ܠܘܝ ܐܝܟ ܟܪܘܙܘܬܐ ܕܠܘܩܐ ܘܟܪܘܙܘܬܐ ܕܡܪܩܘܣ܇ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܬܪܥܣܪ ܫܠܝܚ̈ܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ. ܗܘܐ ܡܟܣܐ ܟܕ ܝܫܘܥ ܐܡܪ ܠܗ ܬܐ ܒܬܪܝ ܘܐܙܠ ܒܬܪܗ (ܡܬܝ 9:9). ܟܬܒ ܟܪܘܙܘܬܐ ܕܡܬܝ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܐܪܒܥܐ ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ̈ܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ܀
ܦܝܠܝܦܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ

[thumb| ܨܠܡܐ ܓܠܝܦܐ ܕܦܝܠܝܦܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܒ[ܪܘܣܝܐ]]

**ܦܝܠܝܦܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ** ܚܕ ܡܢ ܬܪܥܣܪ ܫܠܝܚ̈ܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ. ܗܘܐ ܐܝܟ ܦܛܪܘܣ ܘܐܢܕܪܐܘܣ ܫܠܝܚ̈ܐ ܡܢ ܥܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܕܒܝܬ ܨܝܕܐ܀

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ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܒܪܬܘܠܡܝ ܫܠܝܚܐ

250px|thumb| ܒܪܬܘܠܡܝ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܛܥܢ ܒܐܝܕܗ ܣܟܝܢܬܐ ܕܣܗܕܘܬܗ ܘܒܐܝܕܗ ܐܚܪܬܐ ܓܠܕܗ

**ܒܪܬܘܠܡܝ ܫܠܝܚܐ** ܚܕ ܡܢ ܬܪܥܣܪ ܫܠܝܚ̈ܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ. ܥܕܬ̈ܐ ܡܕܢܚܝܬ̈ܐ ܚܫܒܝܢ ܕܫܡܗ ܕܗܢܐ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܐܝܬܗܘ ܢܬܢܝܐܝܠ ܘܫܡ ܐܒܘܗ ܬܘܠܡܝ ܠܗܢܐ ܡܬܩܪܝ ܒܪ ܬܘܠܡܝ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܝܥܩܘܒ ܒܪ ܚܠܦܝ

[200px|thumb|ܨܠܡܐ ܓܠܝܦܐ ܕܝܥܩܘܒ ܒܪ ܚܠܦܝ ܒ[ܦܘܪܛܘܓܠ]]

**ܝܥܩܘܒ ܒܪ ܚܠܦܝ** ܐܘ **ܝܥܩܘܒ ܙܥܘܪܐ** ܚܕ ܡܢ ܬܪܥܣܪ ܫܠܝܚ̈ܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ. ܗܘ ܐܚܐ ܕܝܗܘܕܐ ܬܕܝ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܝܗܘܕܐ ܫܠܝܚܐ

200px|thumb| ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕܝܗܘܕܐ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܒܝܕ ܓܘܪܓܝܣ ܕܝ ܠܐ ܬܘܪ

**ܝܗܘܕܐ ܫܠܝܚܐ** ܐܘ **ܝܗܘܕܐ ܠܘܝ** ܐܘ **ܝܗܘܕܐ ܬܕܝ** ܚܕ ܡܢ ܬܪܥܣܪ ܫܠܝܚ̈ܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ. ܗܘ ܐܚܐ ܕܝܥܩܘܒ ܙܥܘܪܐ ܘܐܡܗܘܢ ܫܡܗ ܗܘܐ ܡܪܝܡ. ܟܬܒ ܚܕ ܣܦܪܐ ܡܢ ܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ ܗܘ ܐܓܪܬܐ ܕܝܗܘܕܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܫܡܥܘܢ ܩܢܢܝܐ

200px|thumb| ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕܫܡܥܘܢ ܩܢܢܝܐ

**ܫܡܥܘܢ ܩܢܢܝܐ** ܐܘ **ܫܡܥܘܢ ܛܢܢܐ** ܚܕ ܡܢ ܬܪܥܣܪ ܫܠܝܚ̈ܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܝܘܚܢܢ ܫܠܝܚܐ

[thumb|ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕܝܘܚܢܢ ܒܪ ܙܒܕܝ ܒܝܕ [ܗܢܣ ܡܡܠܝܢܓ]]

**ܝܘܚܢܢ ܒܪ ܙܒܕܝ** ܐܘ **ܝܘܚܢܢ ܐܘܢܓܠܣܛܐ** ܚܕ ܡܢ ܬܪܥܣܪ ܫܠܝܚ̈ܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ. ܗܘ ܘܐܚܘܗܝ ܝܥܩܘܒ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܗܘܘ ܨܝܕ̈ܐ ܥܡ ܐܒܘܗܘܢ ܙܒܕܝ ܒܐܠܦܐ ܟܕ ܩܪܐ ܐܢܘܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܘܐܙܠܘ ܒܬܪܗ. ܟܬܒ ܚܕ ܟܡܐ ܣܦܪ̈ܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ ܟܪܘܙܘܬܐ ܕܝܘܚܢܢ ܘܐܓܪ̈ܬܐ ܩܕܡܝܬܐ ܘܕܬܪܬܝܢ ܘܣܦܪܐ ܕܓܠܝܢܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܝܥܩܘܒ ܒܪ ܙܒܕܝ

thumb|ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕܝܥܩܘܒ ܒܪ ܙܒܕܝ

**ܝܥܩܘܒ ܒܪ ܙܒܕܝ** ܚܕ ܡܢ ܬܪܥܣܪ ܫܠܝܚ̈ܐ ܕ ܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ. ܗܘܐ ܘܐܚܘܗ ܝܘܚܢܢ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܨܝ̈ܕܐ ܥܡ ܐܒܘܗܘܢ ܙܒܕܝ ܒܐܠܦܐ ܟܕ ܩܪܐ ܐܢܘܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܘܐܙܠܘ ܒܬܪܗ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܠܘܩܐ ܐܘܢܓܠܣܛܐ

thumb| ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕܠܘܩܐ ܐܘܢܓܠܣܛܐ ܟܬܒ ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ

**ܠܘܩܐ ܐܘܢܓܠܣܛܐ** ܚܕ ܡܢ ܫܒܥܝܢ ܬܠܡܝܕ̈ܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ. ܗܘܐ ܐܣܝܐ ܘܪܫܘܡܐ. ܟܬܒ ܬܪܝܢ ܣܦܪ̈ܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܗܢܘܢ ܟܪܘܙܘܬܐ ܕܠܘܩܐ ܘܦܪܟܣܝܣ ܕܫܠܝܚ̈ܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܡܪܩܘܣ ܐܘܢܓܠܣܛܐ

thumb| ܨܘܪܬܐ ܐܝܓܘܦܛܝܬܐ ܕܡܪܩܘܣ ܐܘܢܓܠܣܛܐ
**ܡܪܩܘܣ ܐܘܢܓܠܣܛܐ** ܐܘ **ܡܪܩܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ** ܚܕ ܡܢ ܫܒܥܝܢ ܬܠܡܝܕ̈ܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ ܘܒܪ ܚܬܐ ܕܒܪܢܒܐ ܫܠܝܚܐ. ܗܘܐ ܡܥܕܪܢܐ ܕܦܘܠܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܘܒܬܪܟܢ ܫܬܐܣ ܘܗܘܐ ܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܩܕܡܝܐ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܐܝܓܘܦܛܝܬܐ. ܟܬܒ ܚܕ ܣܦܪܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܗܘ ܟܪܘܙܘܬܐ ܕܡܪܩܘܣ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܦܘܠܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ

[thumb|300px|ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕܦܘܠܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܟܕ ܩܒܠ ܠܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ ܒܝܕ [ܡܝܟܠܐܢܓܝܠܘ]]

**ܦܘܠܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ** ܐܘ **ܦܘܠܘܣ ܛܪܣܘܣܝܐ** ܚܕ ܡܢ ܫܠܝܚ̈ܘܗܝ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ. ܗܘܐ ܓܒܪܐ ܝܗܘܕܝܐ ܫܡܗ ܫܐܘܠ ܗܘܐ. ܝܠܕ ܒܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܛܪܣܘܣ ܕܩܝܠܝܩܝܐ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ ܝܘܡܢܐ. ܩܒܠ ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ ܟܕ ܐܙܠ ܗܘܐ ܠܕܪܡܣܘܩ ܘܐܙܠܓ ܥܠܗ ܢܘܗܪܐ ܣܓܝܐܐ ܘܚܙܐ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܠܠ ܥܡܗ (ܦܪܟܣܝܣ ܕܫܠܝܚܐ (22: 6-11) ܘ (26: 13-18)). ܟܬܒ ܐܪܒܥܣܪ ܣܦܪ̈ܐ ܡܢ ܥܣܪܝܢ ܘܫܒܥܐ ܣܦܪ̈ܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܗܢܝܢ ܐܓܪ̈ܬܐ ܕܠܘܬ ܪ̈ܗܘܡܝܐ܆ ܩܘܪ̈ܢܬܝܐ ܐ܆ ܩܘܪ̈ܢܬܝܐ ܒ܆ ܓܠܛܝ̈ܐ܆ ܐܦܣܝ̈ܐ܆ ܦܝܠܝܦܣܝ̈ܐ܆ ܩܘܠܣܝ̈ܐ܆ ܬܣܠܘܢܝܩܝ̈ܐ ܐ܆ ܬܣܠܘܢܝܩܝ̈ܐ ܒ܆ ܛܝܡܬܐܘܣ ܐ܆ ܛܝܡܬܐܘܣ ܒ܆ ܛܛܘܣ܆ ܦܝܠܡܘܢ܆ ܥܒܪ̈ܝܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܚܫܡܝܬܐ ܐܚܪܝܬܐ

ܗܝ **ܚܫܡܝܬܐ ܐܚܪܝܬܐ** ܕܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ ܥܡ ܬܪܥܣܪ ܫܠܝܚ̈ܗ ܩܕܡ ܡܘܬܗ ܥܠ ܙܩܝܦܐ. ܒܗܕܐ ܚܫܡܝܬܐ 'ܫܩܠ ܝܫܘܥ ܠܚܡܐ ܘܒܪܟ ܘܩܨܐ ܘܝܗܒ ܠܬܠܡܝ̈ܕܘܗܝ ܘܐܡܪ ܣܒܘ ܐܟܘܠܘ ܗܢܘ ܦܓܪܝ܂ ܘܫܩܠ ܟܣܐ ܘܐܘܕܝ ܘܝܗܒ ܠܗܘܢ ܘܐܡܪ ܣܒܘ ܐܫܬܘ ܡܢܗ ܟܠܟܘܢ܂ ܗܢܘ ܕܡܝ ܕܕܝܬܩܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܚܠܦ ܣܓܝܐ̈ܐ ܡܬܐܫܕ ܠܫܘܒܩܢܐ ܕܚܛܗ̈ܐ' (ܡܬܝ 26:26-28)܀

600px|thumb|right| ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕܚܫܡܝܬܐ ܐܚܪܝܬܐ ܒܝܕ ܠܝܘܢܐܪܕܘ ܕܐ ܒܝܢܓܝ (1498)

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܥܣܪܐ ܦܘܩܕܢܐ

**ܥܣܪܐ ܦܘܩܕܢ̈ܐ** (ܥܒܪܐܝܬ: עשׂרת הדברות) ܐܢܘܢ ܗܢܘܢ ܕܐܫܠܡ ܐܢܘܢ ܐܠܗܐ ܠܥܡܐ ܕܐܝܣܪܐܝܠ ܒܐܝܕ̈ܝ ܡܘܫܐ ܢܒܝܐ. ܦܘܩܕ̈ܢܐ ܗܠܝܢ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܒܬܪ ܡܦܩܢܐ ܕܒܢ̈ܝ ܐܝܣܪܐܝܠ ܡܢ ܡܨܪܝܢ (ܡܢ ܣܦܪܐ ܕܡܦܩܢܐ 1:20-17). ܐܪܒܥܐ ܡܢܗܘܢ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܐܢܘܢ ܘܫܬܐ ܐܚܪ̈ܢܐ ܕܕܩܪܝܒܐ ܐܢܘܢ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܥܬܝܩܬܐ
ܝܘܚܢܢ ܡܥܡܕܢܐ

thumb|ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕܥܡܕܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܒܝܕ ܝܘܚܢܢ ܡܥܡܕܢܐ

** ܡܪܝ ܝܘܚܢܢ ܡܥܡܕܢܐ** ܡܥܡܕ ܗܘܐ ܐܢܫ̈ܐ ܠܫܘܒܩܢܐ ܕܚܛܗ̈ܐ ܒܢܗܪܐ ܕܝܘܪܕܢܢ ܘܬܡܢ ܐܬܥܡܕ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܥܠ ܐܝܕܗ. ܗܘ ܒܪܐ ܕܟܗܢܐ ܕܫܡܗ ܗܘܐ ܙܟܪܝܐ ܡܢ ܬܫܡܫܬܐ ܕܒܝܬ ܐܒܝܐ ܘܐܢܬܬܗ ܡܢ ܒܢܬܗ ܕܐܗܪܘܢ ܫܡܗ ܗܘܐ ܐܠܝܫܒܥ (ܠܘܩܐ 1:5)܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܡܬܝܐ ܫܠܝܚܐ

**ܡܬܝܐ ܫܠܝܚܐ** ܚܕ ܡܢ ܬܪܥܣܪ ܫܠܝܚ̈ܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ. ܫܠܝܚ̈ܐ ܓܒܝܘ ܠܡܬܝܐ ܠܫܩܠ ܕܘܟܬܐ ܕܝܗܘܕܐ ܣܟܪܝܘܛܐ ܗܘ ܕܩܛܠ ܢܦܫܗ ܒܬܪ ܕܐܫܠܡ ܠܝܫܘܥ ܢܨܪܝܐ܀
ܝܗܘܕܐ ܣܟܪܝܘܛܐ

200px|thumb| ܢܫܘܩܬܐ ܕܝܗܘܕܐ ܣܟܪܝܘܛܐ

**ܝܗܘܕܐ ܒܪ ܫܡܥܘܢ ܣܟܪܝܘܛܐ** ܐܘ **ܝܗܘܕܐ ܡܫܠܡܢܐ** ܚܕ ܡܢ ܬܪܥܣܪ ܫܠܝܚ̈ܐ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ.ܗܘ ܕܐܫܠܡ ܝܫܘܥ ܠܪ̈ܒܝ ܟܗܢ̈ܐ ܘܠܩܫܝܫ̈ܐ ܒܬܠܬܝܢ ܕܟܣܦܐ ܐܠܐ ܒܬܪ ܗܝܕܝܢ ܐܙܠ ܐܗܦܟ ܗܠܝܢ ܬܠܬܝܢ ܕܟܣܦܐ ܠܪ̈ܒܝ ܟܗܢ̈ܐ ܘܠܩܫܝܫ̈ܐ ܘܫܕܝܗܝ ܟܣܦܐ ܒܗܝܟܠܐ ܘܫܢܝ ܘܐܙܠ ܚܢܩ ܢܦܫܗ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܐܠܝܐ ܢܒܝܐ

[thumb|ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕܐܠܝܐ ܢܒܝܐ ܒܝܕ [ܟܘܣܝ ܕܝ ܪܝܒܝܪܐ]]

**ܐܠܝܐ** (ܥܒܪܐܝܬ: אליהו܄ "ܐܠܗܝ ܗܘ ܝܗ") ܚܕ ܡܢ ܢܒܝ̈ܐ ܕܕܝܬܝܩܝ ܥܬܝܩܬܐ ܡܢ ܕܪܐ ܕܬܫܥܐ ܩܕܡ ܡܫܝܚܐ. ܟܕ ܕܒܪ ܝܫܘܥ ܠܟܐܦܐ ܘܠܝܥܩܘܒ ܘܠܝܘܚܢܢ ܘܐܣܩ ܐܢܘܢ ܠܛܘܪܐ ܪܡܐ ܒܠܚܘܕܝܗܘܢ. ܐܬܚܙܝܘ ܠܗܘܢ ܐܠܝܐ ܘܡܘܫܐ ܟܕ ܡܡܠܠܝܢ ܥܡ ܝܫܘܥ (ܡܪܩܘܣ 2:2-4)܀
ܬܐܘܡܐ ܐܘܕܘ

**ܡܪܝ ܬܐܘܡܐ ܐܘܕܘ** ܡܝܛܪܦܘܠܝܛܐ ܕܐܘܪܡܝ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܟܠܕܝܬܐ ܩܬܘܠܝܩܝܬܐ. ܐܬܝܠܕ ܒܐܠܩܘܫ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܕܥܝܪܐܩ ܒܣܝܩܘܡ 11 ܬܫܪܝܢ ܐ 1855 ܡ. ܐܬܬܣܝܡ ܩܫܝܫܐ ܒܫܢܬ 1880 ܘܟܢ ܐܬܬܣܝܡ ܡܝܛܪܦܘܠܝܛܐ ܕܐܘܪܡܝ ܒܣܝܩܘܡ 4 ܐܝܠܘܠ 1892 ܥܕܡܐ ܠܥܢܕܗ ܒܣܝܩܘܡ 27 ܬܡܘܙ 1918܀
## ܣܝܡ̈ܐ
* ܣܝܡܬܐ ܕܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ (ܠܟܣܝܩܘܢ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ) ܒܫܢܬ 1897 ܒܡܛܒܥܬܐ ܕܐܒܗ̈ܐ ܕܘܡܝܢܝܟܝ̈ܐ ܒܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܡܘܨܠ
* ܟܬܒܐ ܕܟܠܝܠܐ ܘܕܡܢܐ (ܐܬܬܪܓܡ ܡܢ ܐܪܒܝܐ ܠܣܘܪܝܝܐ) ܒܫܢܬ 1899 ܒܡܛܒܥܬܐ ܕܐܒܗ̈ܐ ܠܥܙܪ̈ܝܐ ܒܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܡܘܨܠ
* ܟܬܒܐ ܕܝܘܠܦܢܐ ܡܫܝܚܝܐ (ܐܬܬܪܓܡ ܡܢ ܠܐܛܝܢܝܐ ܠܣܘܪܝܝܐ) ܒܫܢܬ 1889
* ܟܬܒܐ ܕܝܘܠܦܢܐ ܠܡܪ̈ܝ ܕܪ̈ܓܐ ܥܕܬܢܝ̈ܐ (ܐܬܬܪܓܡ ܡܢ ܠܐܛܝܢܝܐ ܠܣܘܪܝܝܐ) ܒܫܢܬ 1889 ܒܐܘܪܡܝ
* ܟܬܒܐ ܕܬܘܪܨ ܡܡܠܠܐ ܕܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܕܝܐ ܒܫܢܬ 1911

ܣܕܪܐ:ܣܝܘܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ
ܝܥܩܘܒ ܐܘܓܝܢ ܡܢܢܐ

ܡܪܝ **ܝܥܩܘܒ ܐܘܓܝܢ ܡܢܢܐ** ܡܝܛܪܦܘܠܝܛܐ ܡܢ ܥܕܬܐ ܟܠܕܝܬܐ ܩܬܘܠܝܩܝܬܐ. ܐܬܝܠܕ ܒܒܝܬ ܩܘܦܐ ܒܕܫܬܐ ܕܢܝܢܘܐ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܕܥܝܪܐܩ ܒܫܢܬ 1867 ܡ. ܐܬܬܣܝܡ ܩܫܝܫܐ ܒܣܝܩܘܡ 15 ܐܒ 1889 ܘܟܢ ܐܬܬܣܝܡ ܡܝܛܪܦܘܠܝܛܐ ܒܫܢܬ 1902ܥܕܡܐ ܠܥܢܕܗ ܒܫܢܬ 1928܀
## ܣܝܡ̈ܐ
* [ ܗܕܝܐܐ ܕܠܫܢܐ ܐܪܡܝܐ (ܠܟܣܝܩܘܢ ܟܠܕܝܐ ܐܪܒܝܐ) ܒܫܢܬ 1900 ܒ[ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܡܘܨܠ]]
* ܬܘܪܨ ܡܡܠܠܐ ܕܠܫܢܐ ܐܪܡܝܐ ܒܫܢܬ 1896  ܒܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܡܘܨܠ
* ܡܪ̈ܓܐ ܦܓܝܢܝ̈ܐ ܕܡܪܕܘܬܐ ܕܐܪ̈ܡܝܐ
* ܣܝܡܬܐ ܥܪܒܝܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ (ܣܪܝܛܐ)

ܣܕܪܐ:ܣܝܘܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ
ܪܝܫܐ

**ܪܝܫܐ** ܐܘ **ܪܐܫܐ** ܐܘ **ܪܫܐ** ܗܘ:

*ܪܝܫܐ (ܗܕܡܐ)
*ܪܝܫܐ (ܓܐܘܓܪܦܝܐ)
*ܪܝܫ ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ
ܕܟܪܐ

[upright|thumb|ܣܟܪܐ ܘܪܘܡܚܐ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܪܗܘܡܝܐ [ܐܪܝܣ (ܐܠܗܐ)|ܐܪܝܣ ܐܢܘܢ ܢܝܫܐ ܕܓܢܣܐ ܕܟܪܢܝܐ]]

**ܕܟܪܐ** ܗܘ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܬܪܝܢ ܓܢܣ̈ܐ ܕܚܝܘܬ̈ܐ ܒܗܦܟܐ ܕܢܩܒܬܐ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
* ܢܩܒܬܐ
ܢܩܒܬܐ

[upright|thumb|ܣܒܝܣܐܝܬ ܢܝܫܐ ܕܐܠܗܬܐ ܪܗܘܡܝܬܐ [ܐܦܪܘܕܝܛܐ (ܐܠܗܬܐ)|ܐܦܪܘܕܝܛܐ ܗܘ ܢܝܫܐ ܕܓܢܣܐ ܢܩܒܬܢܝܐ]]

**ܢܩܒܬܐ** ܗܝ ܚܕܐ ܡܢ ܬܪܝܢ ܓܢܣ̈ܐ ܕܚܝܘܬ̈ܐ ܒܗܟܦܐ ܕܕܟܪܐ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
* ܕܟܪܐ
ܥܕܬܐ ܟܠܕܝܬܐ ܩܬܘܠܝܩܝܬܐ

thumb|ܛܘܦܣܐ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܟܠܕܝܬܐ ܩܬܘܠܝܩܝܬܐ
**ܥܕܬܐ ܟܠܕܝܬܐ ܩܬܘܠܝܩܝܬܐ** ܗܝ ܡܢܬܐ ܡܢ ܥܕܬܐ ܕܡܕܢܚܐ ܕܐܣܪ ܥܡ ܥܕܬܐ ܩܬܘܠܝܩܝܬܐ ܕܪ̈ܗܘܡܝܐ. ܡܪܝ ܠܘܝܣ ܪܘܦܐܝܠ ܩܕܡܝܐ ܣܟܘ ܗܘ ܩܬܘܠܝܩܐ ܦܛܪܝܪܟܝܣ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܟܠܕܝܬܐ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
* ܟܠܕܝܐ
* ܐܣܟܝܡܐ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܕܡܕܢܚܐ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܥܕܬܐ
ܒܪܐܙܝܠ

**ܒܪܐܙܝܠ** (ܦܘܪܛܘܓܠܐܝܬ: Brasil) ܗܝ ܐܬܪܐ ܒܐܡܪܝܩܐ ܬܝܡܢܝܬܐ܂ ܒܪܐܙܝܠ ܐܝܬ ܠܗ ܬܚܘܡ̈ܐ ܥܡ ܒܢܙܘܝܠܐ ܘܥܡ ܓܝܝܐܢܐ ܘܥܡ ܣܘܪܝܢܐܡ ܘܥܡ ܓܘܝܐܢܐ ܦܪܢܣܝܬܐ ܘܥܡ ܩܘܠܘܡܒܝܐ ܘܥܡ ܒܘܠܝܒܝܐ ܘܥܡ ܦܝܪܘ ܘܥܡ ܐܪܓܢܛܝܢܐ ܘܥܡ ܦܪܓܘܐܝ ܘܥܡ ܐܘܪܘܓܘܐܝ܂ ܐܢܫ̈ܐ ܒܒܪܐܙܝܠ ܢܡܠܠܘܢ ܦܘܪܛܘܓܠܐܝܬ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
ܣܘܪܓܕܐ

[thumb|ܕܦܐ ܡܢ ܣܘܪܓܕܐ ܕ[ܥܕܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܐܪܬܘܕܟܣܝܬܐ ܕܫܢܬܐ ܕ2009]]

**ܣܘܪܓܕܐ** ܗܘ ܛܟܣܐ ܠܡܟܬܒܢܘܬ ܝܘܡܬ̈ܐ ܘܝܪ̈ܚܐ ܕܫܢܬܐ܀ 

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
* ܣܘܪܓܕܐ ܓܪܝܓܘܪܝܐ
* ܣܘܪܓܕܐ ܝܘܠܝܝܐ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܙܒܢܐ
ܐܝܣܛܢܒܘܠ (ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ)

300px|thumb|ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܐܝܣܛܢܒܘܠ

**ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܐܝܣܛܢܒܘܠ** ܗܝ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܒܓܪܒܝ ܡܥܪܒ ܛܘܪܩܝܐ ܥܡ ܝܬܝܪ ܡܢ 12,500,000 ܥܡܘܪ̈ܐ܂ ܬܦܘܠ ܒܝܡܐ ܐܘܟܡܐ ܥܠ ܓܪܒܝܗ ܘܒܝܡܐ ܕܡܪܡܪܐ ܥܠ ܬܝܡܢܗ ܕܗܕܐ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ܂ ܡܥܒܪܐ ܕܒܘܣܦܘܪܘܣ ܐܘ ܡܥܒܪܐ ܕܐܝܣܛܢܒܘܠ ܦܠܓ ܗܕܐ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܠܬܪܬܝܢ ܡܢܘܬ̈ܐ܆ ܡܢܬܐ ܒܐܣܝܐ (ܐܢܛܘܠܝܐ) ܘܐܚܪܬܐ ܒܐܘܪܘܦܐ܂ ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܐܝܣܛܢܒܘܠ ܗܝ ܐܪܫܟܝܬܐ ܕܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܐܝܣܛܢܒܘܠ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
* ܐܝܣܛܢܒܘܠ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ)

ܣܕܪܐ:ܗܘܦܪܟܝܣ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ
ܣܘܣܝܐ

thumb|300px|ܣܘܣܝ̈ܐ
thumb|300px|ܣܘܣܝ̈ܐ

**ܣܘܣܝܐ** (ܟܢܘܫܝܐ: **ܣܘܣܝ̈ܐ** ܐܘ **ܣܘܣܘ̈ܬܐ**) ܗܘ ܚܝܘܬܐ ܚܕܢܝܐ ܢܬܚܫܚ ܠܪܟܒܐ ܘܫܘܢܝܐ܂ ܢܩܒܬܐ ܕܣܘܣܝܐ ܗܝ **ܣܘܣܬܐ** (ܟܢܘܫܝܐ: **ܣܘܣܝ̈ܬܐ** ܐܘ **ܣܘܣܬܬ̈ܐ**)܂ ܟܢܫܐ ܕܣܘܣܘ̈ܬܐ ܢܬܩܪܐ **ܪ̈ܟܫܐ** ܐܘ **ܪ̈ܟܫܬܐ**܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
* ܣܘܣܝܐ ܐܝܣܠܢܕܝܐ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܚܝܘܬܐ
ܥܕܬܐ ܐܝܓܘܦܛܝܬܐ

thumb|200px|ܨܠܝܒܐ ܐܝܓܘܦܛܝܐ

**ܥܕܬܐ ܐܪܬܘܕܘܟܣܝܬܐ ܐܝܓܘܦܛܝܬܐ ܕܐܠܟܣܢܕܪܝܐ** ܐܘ ܦܫܝܛܐܝܬ **ܥܕܬܐ ܐܝܓܘܦܛܝܬܐ** ܐܘ **ܟܪܘܙܘܬܐ ܡܪܩܘܣܝܬܐ** ܗܝ ܥܕܬܐ ܕܣܓܝܐܘܬܐ ܕܡܫܝܚܝ̈ܐ ܕܡܨܪܝܢ ܕܗܢܘܢ ܐܝܓܘܦܛܝ̈ܐ ܐܪ̈ܬܘܕܘܟܣܘ. ܫܬܐܣܢܐ ܘܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܩܕܡܝܐ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܗܕܐ ܗܘ ܡܪܩܘܣ ܫܠܝܚܐ ܘܗܫܐ ܦܐܦܐ ܬܐܘܕܘܪܘܣ ܬܪܝܢܐ ܕܐܠܟܣܢܕܪܝܐ ܗܘ ܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܕܡܢܝܢܐ ܕ118 ܕܐܬܐ ܥܠ ܟܘܪܣܝܐ ܗܢܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܥܕܬܐ
ܝܡܬܐ ܕܓܠܝܠܐ

thumb|350px|ܝܡܬܐ ܕܓܠܝܠܐ

**ܝܡܬܐ ܐܘ ܝܡܐ ܕܓܠܝܠܐ** ܐܘ **ܝܡܐ ܕܟܢܪܬ** ܐܘ **ܝܡܬܐ ܕܛܒܪܝܘܣ** (ܥܒܪܝܐ ים כנרת܆ ܥܪܒܝܐ بحيرة طبريا) ܗܝ ܝܡܬܐ ܪܒܐ ܡܢ ܟܠ ܒܐܝܣܪܐܝܠ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܡܡܬܐ
ܝܡܐ ܕܐܝܒܪܝܐ

thumb|ܝܡܐ ܕܐܝܒܪ̈ܝܐ ܡܢ ܫܡܝܐ

**ܝܡܐ ܕܐܝܒܪ̈ܝܐ** ܐܘ **ܝܡܐ ܩܣܦܝܐ** (ܦܪܣܐܝܬ دریای مازندران܆ ܐܙܪܒܝܓܐܢܐܝܬ Xəzər dənizi܆ ܪܘܣܐܝܬ Каспийское море܆ ܩܙܩܐܝܬ Каспий теңізі܆ ܛܘܪܩܡܢܐܝܬ Hazar deňzi) ܗܘ ܝܡܐ ܥܠ ܬܚܘܡܐ ܕܐܘܪܘܦܐ ܘܕܐܣܝܐ. ܝܡܐ ܕܐܝܒܪ̈ܝܐ ܐܝܬ ܠܗ ܦܐܬܐ ܕ371.000 km². ܢܦܠܘܢ ܐܬܪ̈ܘܬܐ ܕܪܘܣܝܐ ܘܕܩܙܩܣܛܐܢ ܘܕܛܘܪܩܡܢܣܛܐܢ ܘܕܐܝܪܐܢ ܘܕܐܙܪܒܝܓܐܢ ܥܠ ܝܡܐ ܗܢܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܡܡܐ
ܘܐܫܢܓܛܘܢ

**ܘܐܫܢܓܛܘܢ** ܗܝ:
*ܘܐܫܢܓܛܘܢ (ܐܪܫܟܝܬܐ)
*ܘܐܫܢܓܛܘܢ (ܐܘܚܕܢܐ ܡܚܝܕܐ)
*ܓܘܪܓ ܘܐܫܝܢܓܛܘܢ
ܙܚܘܪܝܬܐ (ܬܘܠܥܬܐ)

thumb|ܙܚܘܪ̈ܝܬܐ

**ܙܚܘܪܝܬܐ** (ܫܡܐ ܝܘܠܦܢܝܐ Bombyx mori) ܗܝ ܬܘܠܥܬܐ ܕܥܒܕܐ ܫܐܪܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܚܝܘܬܐ
ܥܘܩܒܪܐ

thumb|ܥܘܩܒܪܐ ܕܒܝܬܐ

**ܥܘܩܒܪܐ** (ܫܡܐ ܝܘܠܦܢܝܐ Mus) ܗܘ ܚܝܘܬܐ ܚܕܢܝܐ ܙܥܘܪܐ. ܥܘܩܒܪܐ ܢܩܒܬܢܝܐ ܗܘ ܥܘܩܒܪܬܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܚܝܘܬܐ
ܠܫܢܐ ܕܐܘܪܕܘ

**ܠܫܢܐ ܕܐܘܪܕܘ** (اردو) ܗܘ ܠܫܢܐ ܗܢܕܘ-ܐܘܪܘܦܝܐ ܘܠܫܢܐ ܐܬܪܝܐ ܕܐܬܪܐ ܕܦܐܩܣܛܐܢ ܘܚܡܫܐ ܗܘܦܪ̈ܟܝܣ ܕܗܢܕܘ ܘܠܫܢܐ ܫܠܝܛܐ ܕܦܐܩܣܛܐܢ. ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܠܫܢܐ ܐܡܗܝܐ ܕܝܬܝܪ ܡܢ 60 ܡܠܝܘܢܐ ܐܢܫ̈ܝܢ܀

ܐܘܪܕܘ
ܝܡܐ ܣܘܡܩܐ

300px|thumb|ܝܡܐ ܣܘܡܩܐ ܡܢ ܫܡܝܐ

**ܝܡܐ ܣܘܡܩܐ** ܐܘ **ܝܡܐ ܕܣܘܦ** (ܥܪܒܐܝܬ: البحر الأحمر܆ ܥܒܪܐܝܬ: ים סוף) ܗܘ ܝܡܐ ܒܝܬ ܐܣܝܐ ܘܒܝܬ ܐܦܪܝܩܐ܂ ܢܦܠܝܢ ܐܬܪ̈ܘܬܐ ܕܝܡܢ ܘܕܣܥܘܕܝܐ ܘܕܝܘܪܕܢܢ ܘܕܐܝܣܪܐܝܠ ܘܕܡܨܪܝܢ ܘܕܣܘܕܐܢ ܘܕܐܪܬܪܝܐ ܘܕܓܝܒܘܬܝ ܥܠ ܗܢܐ ܝܡܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܡܡܐ
ܛܘܪܐ ܕܣܝܢܝ

thumb|ܕܘܟܬܐ ܕܛܘܪܣܝܢܝ ܥܠ ܕܡܘܬ ܓܙܪܬܐ ܕܣܝܢܝ

**ܛܘܪܐ ܕܣܝܢܝ** ܐܘ **ܛܘܪܐ ܕ[[ܡܘܫܐ ܢܒܝܐ|ܡܘܫܐ]]** (ܥܪܒܐܝܬ: طور سيناء ܐܘ جبل موسى܆ ܥܒܪܐܝܬ: הר סיני) ܗܘ ܛܘܪܐ ܕܢܦܘܠ ܒܕܡܘܬ ܓܙܪܬܐ ܕܣܝܢܝ (ܡܕܒܪܐ ܕܣܝܢܝ) ܒܡܕܢܚܐ ܕܡܨܪܝܢ܂ ܒܬܘܕ̈ܝܬܐ ܐܒܪ̈ܗܡܝܬܐ ܥܠ ܗܢܐ ܛܘܪܐ ܝܗܒ ܐܠܗܐ ܥܣܪܐ ܦܘܩܕܢ̈ܐ ܠܡܘܫܐ ܢܒܝܐ܀


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ܣܕܪܐ:ܛܘܪܐ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܨܪܝܢ
ܚܒܘܪ

**ܚܒܘܪ** ܐܘ **ܚܒܘܪܐ** ܐܘ **ܚܐܒܘܪܐ** (ܥܪܒܐܝܬ: نهر الخابور܇ ܛܘܪܩܐܝܬ Habur Nehri) ܗܘ ܢܗܪܐ ܐܘܪܟܘܬܗ 350 ܟܡ ܕܢܒܥ ܡܢ ܬܝܡܢܐ ܕܛܘܪܩܝܐ ܘܢܣܪܩ ܒܢܗܪܐ ܕܦܪܬ ܒܣܘܪܝܐ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
ܚܒܘܪ (ܕܩܠܬ)

ܣܕܪܐ:ܢܗܪܘܬܐ
ܡܪܝ ܐܣܛܦܢܘܣ

thumb|ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܐܣܛܦܢܘܣ ܣܗܕܐ

**ܡܪܝ ܐܣܛܦܢܘܣ ܣܗܕܐ** ܐܘ **ܩܕܡܝܐ ܕܣܗܕ̈ܐ** ܗܘ ܒܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ ܡܢ ܡܫܡܫܢ̈ܐ ܘܩܕܝܫ̈ܐ ܩܕܡܝ̈ܐ ܘܣܗܕܐ ܩܕܡܝܐ ܕܥܕܬܐ. ܐܣܛܦܢܘܣ ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܫܡܐ ܝܘܢܝܐ ܕܣܘܟܠܗ ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܟܠܝܠܐ. ܝܗܘܕܝ̈ܐ ܪܓܡܝܢ ܗܘܘ ܠܗ ܟܕ ܡܨܠܐ ܗܘܐ ܘܐܡܪ ܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܩܒܠ ܪܘܚܝ܂ ܘܟܕ ܣܡ ܒܘܪܟܐ ܩܥܐ ܒܩܠܐ ܪܡܐ ܘܐܡܪ ܡܪܢ ܠܐ ܬܩܝܡ ܠܗܘܢ ܗܕܐ ܚܛܝܬܐ (ܦܪܟܣܝܣ 6 ܘ 7)܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ
ܩܪܛܐ

thumb|ܡܦ ܕܝܘܢ ܓܙܪܬܐ ܕܩܪܛܐ (ܓܘܢܐ ܥܡܝܩܐ)

**ܩܪܛܐ** ܐܘ **ܩܪܝܛܝ** (ܝܘܢܐܝܬ: Κρήτη) ܐܝܬܝܗ ܓܙܪܬܐ ܚܡܝܫܝܬܐ ܒܪܒܘܬܐ ܒܝܡܐ ܡܨܥܝܐ܂ ܩܪܛܐ ܐܝܬ ܠܗ ܡܕܝܢܝܘܬܐ ܣܓܝ ܥܡܘܩܬܐ ܒܬܫܥܝܬܐ܂ ܝܘܡܢܐ ܐܝܬܝܗ ܚܕܐ ܡܢ ܬܠܬܥܣܪܐ ܩܠܝܡ̈ܐ ܕܝܘܢ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܘܢ
ܐܠܟܣܢܕܪܝܐ

[ܙܥܘܪܬܐ|[ܓܫܪܐ ܕܣܛܐܢܠܝ ܒܐܠܟܣܢܕܪܝܐ]]

**ܐܠܟܣܢܕܪܝܐ** (ܥܪܒܐܝܬ الإسكندرية܆ ܩܘܦܛܐܝܬ ⲁⲗⲉⲝⲁⲛⲇⲣⲓⲁ ܐܘ ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ) ܗܝ ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܬܪܬܝܢ ܒܪܒܘܬܐ ܒܡܨܪܝܢ. ܐܝܬ ܝܬܝܪ ܡܢ ܐܪܒܥܡܐܐ ܪ̈ܒܘܢ ܐܢܫ̈ܝܢ ܕܥܡܪܝܢ ܒܐܠܟܣܢܕܪܝܐ ܝܘܡܢܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܒܡܨܪܝܢ
ܙܘܙܐ

thumb|ܙܘܙܐ ܥܬܝܩܐ

**ܙܘܙܐ** ܐܘ **ܟܣܦܐ** ܗܘ ܚܕܢܝܐ ܕܬܚܠܦܬܐ ܬܐܓܘܪܝܬܐ. ܐܬܚܫܚ ܙܘܙܐ ܠܙܒܢܐ ܘܙܘܒܢܐ܀

## ܐܦ ܚܙܝ
* ܕܘܠܐܪ (ܕܘܠܪ)
* ܐܘܪܘ
* ܕܝܢܪܐ
* ܕܪܗܡ
* ܪܝܐܠ

ܣܕܪܐ:ܙܘܙܐ
ܚܡܨ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ)

[thumb|250px|[ܫܘܩܐ ܕܩܘܬܠܝ ܒܚܡܨ]]

**ܚܡܨ** (ܥܪܒܐܝܬ: حمص܄ ܝܘܢܐܝܬ ܥܬܝܩܐ: Ἔμεσα) ܗܝ ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܒܡܥܪܒܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܘܐܪܫܟܝܬܐ ܕܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܚܡܨ. ܢܦܠܐ ܒܓܪܒܝܐ ܕܐܪܫܟܝܬܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܕܪܡܣܘܩ ܘܪܘܚܩܗ ܡܢ ܕܪܡܣܘܩ ܠܐܦܝ̈ 140 km܀

ܐܝܬ ܒܗ ܩܘܪ̈ܝܐ ܡܫܝܚܝ̈ܬܐ ܣܓܝ̈ܐܬܐ ܘܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܐ ܕܒܗ ܠܐ ܡܡܠܠܝܢ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ܐܠܐ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܥܪܒܝܐ܀

ܡܢ ܩܘܪ̈ܝܐ ܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܬܐ ܡܕܟܪܝܢܢ: ܫܠܘܐ ܕܡܫܝܚܝ̈ܐ ܘܨܕܕ (ܕܟܝܪܐ ܒܟܬܒܐ ܩܕܝܫܐ) ܘܦܝܪܘܙܐ ܘܐܠܦܚܝܠܐ ܘܩܪܝܬܝܢ (ܬܪ̈ܬܝܢ ܩܘܪ̈ܝܐ) ܘܙܝܕܠ ܘܡܣܟܢܐ ܘܐܠܚܦܪ ܘܣܛܪ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܒܣܘܪܝܐ
ܒܝܬ ܫܡܪܝܐ

thumb|300px|ܟܪܛܝܣܐ ܕܡܠܟܘܬ̈ܐ ܬܝܡܢܝܬܐ ܘܓܪܒܝܝܬܐ ܒܫܢܬ 830 ܩܕܡ ܡܫܝܚܐ

**ܒܝܬ ܫܡܪ̈ܝܐ** (ܥܒܪܐܝܬ שֹׁמְרוֹן‎܆ ܥܪܒܐܝܬ السَامِرَة) ܗܝ ܫܡܐ ܥܬܝܩܐ ܒܬܫܥܝܬܐ ܘܒܟܬܒ̈ܐ ܩܕ̈ܝܫܐ ܠܐܪܥܐ ܡܨܥܝܬܐ ܛܘܪܝܬܐ ܕܐܪܥܐ ܕܐܝܣܪܐܝܠ ܕܐܝܬ ܬܚܘܡܐ ܥܡ ܓܠܝܠܐ ܠܓܪܒܝܐ ܘܝܗܘܕ ܠܬܝܡܢܐ. ܒܝܬ ܫܡܪ̈ܝܐ ܗܘܬ ܐܪܫܟܝܬܐ ܕܡܠܟܘܬܐ ܓܪܒܝܝܬܐ ܕܐܝܣܪܐܝܠ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܐܝܣܪܐܝܠ
ܬܫܝܢ ܫܝ ܗܘܐܢܓ

**ܬܫܝܢ ܫܝ ܗܘܐܢܓ** (ܨܝܢܐܝܬ: 秦始皇) ܗܘܐ ܡܠܟܐ ܕܐܬܪܐ ܨܝܢܝܐ ܕܬܫܝܢ܂ ܗܘܐ ܡܠܟܐ ܩܕܡܝܐ ܕܨܝܢ ܡܚܝܕܐ܀
ܘܘܗܐܢ

thumb|300px|ܕ̈ܘܟܝܬܐ ܒܘܘܗܐܢ

**ܘܘܗܐܢ** (ܒܨܝܢܝܐ ܦܫܝܛܐ 武漢܄ ܒܨܝܢܝܐ ܥܬܝܩܐ 武汉܄ ܒܦܝܢ-ܝܝܢ Wǔhàn) ܗܝ ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܒܨܝܢ ܘܐܪܫܟܝܬܐ ܕܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܗܘܒܝ ܒܡܨܥܬܐ ܕܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܥܡܡܝܬܐ ܕܨܝܢ܂ ܐܝܬ 9,700,000 ܐܢܫ̈ܝܢ ܒܘܘܗܐܢ ܝܘܡܢܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܒܨܝܢ
ܐܫܘܪܒܢܝܦܠ

300px|thumb|ܐܫܘܪܒܢܝܦܠ ܒܨܝܕܐ ܕܐܪ̈ܝܘܬܐ

**ܐܫܘܪܒܢܝܦܠ** (685-627 ܩܕܡ ܡܫܝܚܐ) ܗܘܐ ܡܠܟܐ ܕܐܬܘܪ ܘܒܪܗ ܕܡܠܟܐ ܣܪܚܕܘܡ. ܗܘܐ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܡܠܟ̈ܐ ܐܚܪ̈ܝܐ ܕܡܠܟܘܬܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܬܐ ܚܕܬܐ. ܒܢܐ ܒܝܬ ܟܬܒ̈ܐ ܩܕܡܝܐ ܒܟܠܗ ܥܠܡܐ ܕܗܘ ܒܝܬ ܟܬܒ̈ܐ ܕܐܫܘܪܒܢܝܦܠ. ܫܡܗ ܒܟܬܒܐ ܩܕܝܫܐ ܗܘ **ܐܣܦܝܪ** (ܣܦܪܐ ܕܥܙܪܝܐ 4: 10)܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܡܠܟܐ
ܓܘܣܢܐ

[350px|thumb|ܡܫܟܢ̈ܐ ܕܓܘܣܢ̈ܐ [ܪܘܐܢܕܐ|ܪ̈ܘܐܢܕܝܐ ܒܒܝܬ ܓܘܣܐ ܒܙܐܐܝܪ ܒ1994]]

**ܓܘܣܢܐ** ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܒܪܢܫܐ ܕܢܒܥܐ ܓܘܣܐ ܒܐܬܪܐ ܐܚܪܢܐ ܒܥܠܬܐ ܕܩܪܒܐ ܐܘ ܕܬܘܕܝܬܗ ܐܘ ܕܦܘܠܝܛܝܩܝ ܐܘ ܕܪܕܘܦܝܐ ܛܘܗܡܝܐ ܐܘ ܕܪܕܘܦܝܐ ܟܢܘܫܝܝܐ܀

## ܐܕ̈ܫܐ ܕܓܘܣܐ
### ܓܘܣܐ ܦܘܠܝܛܝܩܝܐ
ܗܘ ܓܘܣܐ ܒܥܠܬܐ ܕܪܕܘܦܝܐ ܦܘܠܝܛܝܩܝܐ.

### ܓܘܣܐ ܬܘܕܝܬܢܝܐ
ܗܘ ܓܘܣܐ ܒܥܠܬܐ ܕܪܕܘܦܝܐ ܬܘܕܝܬܢܝܐ.

### ܓܘܣܐ ܐܢܫܝܐ
ܗܘ ܓܘܣܐ ܒܥܠܬܐ ܕܩܪܒܐ ܐܘ ܪܕܘܦܝܐ ܛܘܗܡܝܐ ܐܘ ܪܕܘܦܝܐ ܟܢܘܫܝܝܐ.
ܒܒܬܐ

thumb|300px|ܒܒܬܐ ܒܡܨܥܗ ܕܐܘܟܡܐ ܕܥܝܢܐ

**ܒܒܬܐ** ܐܘ **ܒܒܐ ܕܥܝܢܐ** ܐܘ **ܒܒܘܢܐ** ܗܘ/ܗܝ ܢܘܩܕܬܐ ܐܘ ܬܘܪܥܬܐ ܕܒܦܠܓܗ ܕܐܘܟܡܐ ܕܥܝܢܐ ܕܡܫܠܛ ܥܠ ܟܡܝܘܬܐ ܕܢܘܗܪܐ ܕܐܥܠ ܠܓܘ ܥܝܢܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܥܝܢܐ (ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ)
ܒܒܐ (ܬܪܥܐ)

[thumb|300px|ܒܒܐ ܕ[ܦܪܙܠܐ ܒܪܘܣܝܐ]]

**ܒܒܐ** ܗܘ ܬܪܥܐ ܕܢܦܬܘܚ ܠܕܘܟܬܐ ܣܝܓܬܐ ܒܓܘܕ̈ܐ ܐܘ ܗܘ ܦܬܚܐ ܒܣܝܓܐ܀
ܐܘܟܡܐ ܕܥܝܢܐ

thumb|300px|ܒܒܬܐ ܕܥܝܢܐ ܒܡܨܥܗ ܕܐܘܟܡܐ ܕܥܝܢܐ

**ܐܘܟܡܐ ܕܥܝܢܐ** ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܥܘܩܒܪ̈ܬܐ ܕܡܫܠܛܝܢ ܥܠ ܟܡܝܘܬܐ ܕܢܘܗܪܐ ܕܐܥܠ ܠܓܘ ܥܝܢܐ ܡܢ ܒܒܬܐ ܕܝܠܗ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܥܝܢܐ (ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ)
ܩܫܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ

thumb|300px|ܩܫܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ
thumb|250px|

**ܩܫܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ** ܐܘ **ܩܫܬܐ ܕܥܢܢ̈ܐ** ܐܘ **ܩܫܬܐ ܕܪܡܐ** ܐܝܬܝܗ ܩܫܬܐ ܐܘ ܦܠܓܘ ܓܝܓܠ̈ܐ ܕܓܘܢ̈ܐ ܒܫܡܝܐ ܕܡܬܚܙܝܐ ܒܐܐܪ ܠܘܩܒܠ ܫܡܫܐ ܘܡܬܟܝܢܐ ܡܢ ܥܛܘܦܝܐ ܕܙܠܝܩܝ̈ ܫܡܫܐ ܒܪܛܝܒܘܬܐ ܐܐܪܝܬܐ ܐܘ ܒܢܘܛܦܬ̈ܐ ܕܡܛܪܐ. ܀
ܓܪܡܦܝܠܐ

300px|thumbnail|ܓܪܡܦܝܠܐ

**ܓܪܡܦܝܠܐ** ܐܘ **ܓܪܡܐ ܕܦܝܠܐ** ܐܘ **ܫܢܐ ܕܦܝܠܐ** ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܫܢܐ ܚܘܪܐ ܕܦܝܠܐ ܕܡܬܚܫܚ ܠܥܒܕܐ ܕܡܕܡ̈ܐ ܡܫܚܠܦ̈ܐ܀
ܡܚܙܝܬܐ

[thumb|ܡܚܙܝܬܐ ܕ[ܪܕܝܬܐ]]
ܙܥܘܪܬܐ
**ܡܚܙܝܬܐ** ܐܘ **ܢܘܪܐ** ܗܝ/ܗܘ ܡܐܢܐ ܕܬܗܦܘܟ ܢܘܗܪܐ ܘܬܒܪܐ ܨܘܪ̈ܬܐ܀
ܐܕܢܐ

**ܐܕܢܐ** ܗܝ:

* ܐܕܢܐ (ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ)
* ܐܕܢܐ (ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ) ܒܛܘܪܩܝܐ
* ܐܕܢܐ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ) ܒܛܘܪܩܝܐ
ܐܕܢܐ (ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ)

thumb|200px|ܐܕܢܐ ܒܪܝܬܐ ܕܐܢܫܐ

**ܐܕܢܐ** (ܟܢܘܫܝܐ: **ܐܕ̈ܢܐ** ܐܘ **ܐܕ̈ܢܬܐ** ܐܘ **ܐܕ̈ܢܗܬܐ**) ܗܝ ܗܕܡܐ ܕܫܡܥܐ. ܒܪܢܫܐ ܐܝܬ ܠܗ ܬܪܬܝܢ ܐܕ̈ܢܝܢ. ܒܐܕܢܐ ܐܝܬ ܬܠܬ ܡܢܘ̈ܢ ܕܐܢܝܢ ܐܕܢܐ ܒܪܝܬܐ ܘܐܕܢܐ ܡܨܥܝܬܐ ܘܐܕܢܐ ܓܘܝܬܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ
ܟܘܠܝܬܐ

thumb|200px|ܟܘܠܝ̈ܬܐ ܕܐܢܫܐ

**ܟܘܠܝܬܐ** (ܓܕܡܐ ܩܕܡܝܐ **ܟܘܠܝܐ**) ܗܝ ܗܕܡܐ ܓܘܝܐ ܕܬܒܪܐ ܬܝܢ̈ܐ ܘܬܫܕܪ ܠܗܘܢ ܠܫܠܦܘܚܬܐ ܒܦܓܪ̈ܐ ܕܚ̈ܝܘܬܐ. ܐܝܬ ܬܪ̈ܬܝܢ ܟܘ̈ܠܝܢ ܒܚܘܡܫܐ ܕܚܝ̈ܘܬܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ
ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ

[thumb|200px|ܨܪܝܘܬܐ ܕ[ܪܫܐ ܕܐܢܫܐ]]

**ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ** ܗܘ ܦܪܥܐ ܡܢ ܝܘܠܦܢ ܚܝ̈ܐ (ܒܝܘܠܘܓܝܐ) ܘܡܢ ܐܣܝܘܬܐ ܕܐܬܝܨܦ ܒܗܕ̈ܡܐ ܓܘܝ̈ܐ ܕܚܝܘܬ̈ܐ ܘܝܥܝܬ̈ܐ. ܨܪܘܝܐ ܗܘ ܐܢܫܐ ܕܥܒܕ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܐܣܝܘܬܐ
ܥܨܒܘܬܐ

[thumb|200px|ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕ[ܥܨܘܒܐ ܒܥܒܕܐ ܥܡܠܝܬܐ ܥܨܘܒܝܬܐ]]

**ܥܨܒܘܬܐ** ܗܝ ܡܬܬܕܝܠܢܘܬܐ ܐܣܝܝܬܐ. ܥܨܘܒܐ ܡܬܚܫܚ ܡܐܢ̈ܐ ܥܨܘܒܝ̈ܐ ܠܡܐܣܝܘ ܟܘܪ̈ܗܢܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܐܣܝܘܬܐ
ܥܨܘܒܐ

thumb|200px|ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕܥܨܘܒ̈ܐ ܒܥܒܕܐ ܥܡܠܝܬܐ ܥܨܘܒܝܬܐ

**ܥܨܘܒܐ** ܗܘ ܐܣܝܐ ܕܐܥܒܕ ܥܨܒܘܬܐ ܥܠ ܟܪ̈ܝܗܐ܀
ܢܫܒܐ ܕܥܝܢܐ

ܒܦܓܪܐ ܕܒܪܢܫܐ ܘܕܚܝܘܬ̈ܐ **ܢܫܒܐ ܕܥܝܢܐ** ܐܘ **ܚܠܒܐ ܕܥܝܢܐ** (Retina) ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܟܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܒܣܬܪܗ ܕܥܝܢܐ ܕܐܪܓܫܝܢ ܢܘܗܪܐ ܕܐܥܠ ܒܥܝܢܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ
ܣܕܪܐ:ܥܝܢܐ (ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ)
ܟܒܕܐ

[thumb|ܟܒܕܐ ܕ[ܥܪܒܐ (ܚܝܘܬܐ)|ܥܪܒܐ]]

**ܟܒܕܐ** ܐܝܬܝܗ ܗܕܡܐ ܓܘܝܐ ܐܢܢܩܝܐ ܒܟܪܣܐ ܕܚܝ̈ܘܬܐ ܠܬܚܬ ܡܢ ܚܠܒܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ
ܚܠܒܐ (ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ)

[thumb|ܚܠܒܐ  ܬܚܝܬ [ܪܐܬܐ|ܪ̈ܐܬܘܬܐ]]

**ܚܠܒܐ** ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܥܘܩܒܪܬܐ ܒܝܬ ܟܪܣܐ ܘܒܝܬ ܚܕܝܐ ܒܓܘܫܡ̈ܐ ܕܚܝܘܬ̈ܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ
ܛܚܠܐ

[thumb|ܛܚܠܐ ܒ[ܟܪܣܐ ܕܐܢܫܐ]]

**ܛܚܠܐ** ܐܘ **ܬܚܠܐ** ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܗܕܡܐ ܐܠܨܝܐ ܒܟܪܣܐ ܕܚܝܘܬ̈ܐ ܠܬܚܬ ܡܢ ܚܠܒܐ܀

ܣܕܪܐ:ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ