Siera Leyon

**Siera Leyon** (òrere **Sierra Leone** me usem Uket-chieen̄) ìre ido me agan̄ osiki ichep-ura me agan̄ atasuk Afririka agan̄ Ichep-ura. Ido ìtatap ikana ọmọ ire Laiberia me agan̄ osiki mbum-ura, mè Gini Kọnakiri me agan̄ inyọn̄ mbum-ura. Ido yi ìkaan̄  eyi tọrọpik [tropical climate], mèlek esese chieen̄ lek ijọn̄ kire ijọn̄ mbubet mbubet [savanna] re lek aka oron-ibot [rainforest]. Okike ijọn̄ ido ya ìre 71,740 km². Otu-ifuk ebi ìluluk me ido ya ìre 7,092,113 ike efukbe me orirọ ifuk-ene eyi acha 2015. Ama-ibot mè ama-ile òmimin ichit ìre Freetown. Eche ido ya itap me agan̄ go mè  akọp mè gweregwen. Îre ido ekikpulu igọọk me lek ikpa ikan ido [constitutional republic]; uwu ikan ido ìre eyi agwut ge [unicamaral legislature], mè ogwu ibot mkpulu ge. Irek akọp jeeta mè jaaba (78%) me lek ebi ìluk me ido ya ekigọọk erumfaka Isilam sà akọp irek iba mè ge (21%) ere ebi Kiristien. Me ido yi, ebi Musilim mè Kiristien mîkime le kiban̄ [tolerate each other]; otutuuk usen uwọ-ifi [holiday] ebi Musilim mè eyi ebi Kiristien ìkire usen uwọ-ifi me otuuk ido yi [national holiday].

Ido yi ìkaan̄ lek isibi me irak mkpulu ebi Biriten me 27 Epuren, 1961, Milton Margai onenikana adasi ogwu ibot mkpulu ido. Adasi orirọ igobo ebi ibot mkpulu akarake ido ya okaan̄be lek ìmọnọ irek me 27 Mêe, 1962. Bene me 1968 re 1985, ogwu unye ene Siaka Stevens okikpulu ido ya. Bene me 1979 re 1985, Sierra Leone ìre ido òkaan̄ otu-ogbo ifit-mkpulu ge gaalek; otu-ogbo kè Stevens, All People's Congress, gaalek me ido ya ore eyi ikan obọkọbe itap. 

Me emen acha inen mè inen ògọgọọk ikaan̄-lek kiban̄, Sierra Leone îmun̄ owuwa  ògbaan̄ me lek ifit-mkpulu, gọlọgọlọ [turmoil], eyi ebilene [humanitarian] mè . Adasi orirọ igobo-ene eyi  me ido ya ìmọnọ irek me 27 Mêe, 1962; emen mgbọ ya si ke otu-ogbo ifit-mkpulu iba ìsisibi isi ichit me Sierra Leone eyi chereyi, enan̄a iman: Sierra Leone People's Party (SLPP) mè All People's Congress (APC). Ebọkọ aya ikpa ikan ido itap me 1971, eya onenitap ubọk irọ inyi Sierra Leone inire ; Siaka Steven (ogwu ibot APC) onenikana adasi  me Sierra Leone – îkup me irek ya akọp mè acha ini me irak mkpulu eyi otu-ogbo ifit-mkpulu ge. Ìkọt irọ ikeya sa me ebọkọbe ikpa ikan ido eyi 1978 itap. Ikpa ikan ido keya îgban otutuuk otu-ogbo kechilọ, ilọ me lek APC, ibe ekagọọk ìtap lek me lek ifit-mkpulu me ido ya. Ire, Joseph Saidu Momoh, ogwu ogwu ibot mkpulu Steven osabe ubọk kan̄ imọnọ ito ibe inibọkọ irek kan̄, ochechieek use ibe mêgwu ido ya ikana ito me ido owuwa otu-ogbo ifit-mkpulu. Mînibọkọ aya ikpa ikan ido itap me acha 1991, eyi otutumu oniin̄ ebesa ikaan̄  eyi owuwa otu-ogbo ifit-mkpulu môkupbe. Me acha yaage, akọn̄ emen ido òkup nsebe nsebe otataan̄ mè itim abayaage akọp mè acha ge, mè isa jakajaka ire lek inu geelek òsasan̄a Sierra Leone isun̄ kire ido. Me acha ògọgọọk, mîsa me mbin akọn̄ eyi ogwu ibot akọn̄ ijọn̄,  Valentine Strasser, otitiin̄be ilap Momoh, ogwu ibot mkpulu, isan̄a me irek mkpulu, mè ikana ikikpulu. Julius Maada Bio înibọkọ irek kè Strasser, mè igwu mkpulu ido ya itap me eyi  me 1996 sa me orirọ igobo ebi ibot mkpulu.

Ikpọchieen̄ òfolek ido ya igwugwu ikom isi ire  eyi òkaan̄ owuwa otu-ogbo ifit-mkpulu, îkpọk itap ebi Sierra Leone ayaya efuuk me emen. Ahmad Tejan Kabbah îgak me orirọ igobo ebi ogwu ibot mkpulu eyi 1996 mè inikana adasi ogwu ibot mkpulu Sierra Leone egobobe igọọk me ubọk irọ-inu eyi  eyi owuwa otu-ogbo ifit-mkpulu egọọkbe ikup me lek. Akarake eya, ayaya ebi ibot mkpulu egobobe mîkikọt ibọkọ irek mkpulu me esuuk, sa me orirọ igbobo-ene. Ire, mbin akọn̄ eyi Johnny Paul Koroma, ogwu ibot akọn̄ ijọn̄ Sierra Leone, okpabe me 1997 îlap Kabbah isan̄a me irek mkpulu itap mè ilap isan̄a me ido, ifofo Gini Kọnakiri. Ire, mîgwu ọmọ initap me irek mkpulu  mgbọ onyan̄ onaan̄ge orakabe, sa me ebi ECOMOG esabe ebi akọn̄ ijibi inin̄ lek ikọ ya.

Me ukot mkpulu kè Kabbah ke aya egwe obum itoon̄ me lek ido Sierra Leone [new dawn], mè irọ inyi akọn̄ emen ido ya ita me acha 2002, mè irọ inyi egwuun̄ chieen̄ ekekpọ itatap mgba-nriaak mè irọ-esuuk me ido, irọrọ inyi ebi ene ekaan̄ ichechieek me lek mkpulu ido, itatap esuuk mè nkeke-nye [stability], mè irọrọ mè mgbaan̄-nrọ ema ekaan̄be mèlek esese ido mè ntitiin̄ owuwa ido [int. orgs.] ikpọk inwọn mè ikeke inye.

Inu òbelek otoko akọp mè jeeta eluk me Sierra Leone. Otoko iba ìmimiin̄ ichit ìre ebi Temne mè Mende. Inu òbelek irek iba me efit (2%) me lek ebi ìluk me ido ya ìre ebi Krio, ìrere ebi owot iman ebi ofifit usun̄ Amerika mè India ebi mgbọ etelebe efo [freed African American slaves]. Usem mkpulu mè isi-ikpa me ido ya ìre usem Ebeke, ire, usem Krio ke ekitumu iwa ichit me ido ya; akọp irek onaan̄ge mè jaaba me efit (97%) me lek ebi ìluk me ido ya ekitumu usem ya. Inyinyi-Orom îwa me emen ido ya; echi ìsisibi isi ichit ìre daimọn, bauxite mè aluminium. Ido ya ìre ge me lek ido ìkup me Ogbo Mgbambọp Ido, Ntitiin̄ Afirika, ECOWAS, Mano River Union, Commonwealth of Nations, IMF, Uwu-ikpoko Linyọn̄, WTO, African Development Bank mè Ogbo Mgbaan̄-nrọ Isilam.

## Mfufuk Erieen̄

Erieen̄ ido ya ìnan̄a me lek Ogoon̄ Egbe-atat [Lions Mountains] òkup igbet Freetown. Me adasi mgbọ, ekigwen ido ya *Serra Leoa* (òsisibi *ogoon̄ uman egbe-atat* [lioness mountains] me usem Pọtugalu). Ogwu ònyinyi erieen̄ ya ìre Pedro de Sintra ogwu usọ òweek-ere ogwu Pọtugalu me acha 1462. Erieen̄ yi *Sierra Leone* eyi ido ya okichieekbe mgbọ keyi ìnan̄a me ubọk ekigebe erieen̄ ya me usem Itali. Alvise Cadamosto ogwu usọ òweek-ere ogwu Venis [Venice], onyi erieen̄ keyi, ofifi ebi usọ ogugo-ijọn̄ [mapmakers] ebi Yurop ebọbọkọ ubọk si.

Ọgbọn̄:Ido