open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Nemniendlic cāsus

Se **nemniendlica cāsus** (Nīƿe Englisc: *nominative case*) is grammatisc cāsus for namum. Sume ƿrīteras on Nīƿum Englisce brūcaþ ēac þæt ƿord **subjective cāsus** for nemniendlicne, in order to draw attention to the differences between the "standard" generic nominative and the way it is used in nīƿum Englisce.

Se nemniendlica mearcaþ, generally, þā forþsetennesse sumes ƿordes. Nemniendlice cāsas sind gefundene in Lǣden and Ealdum Englisce, ongemang ōðrum sprǣcum. Englisc hæfþ gīet sume nemniendlice bīnaman, efenāmeten mid þǣm ƿregendlicum cāse oþþ gebīegdum cāse: *ic* (ƿregendlic *mec*), *ƿē* (ƿregendlic *ūsic*), *hē* (ƿregendlic *hine*), *hēo* (ƿregendlic *hīe*) and *ᵹē* (accusative *ēoƿic*). On Englisce habbaþ ƿē ēac *[[þū]]*, se ōðeres hāda bīnama (ƿregendlic *þec*) and manigfealdlic *[[gē|ᵹē]]* (ƿregendlic *[[ēowic|ēoƿic]]*). Syndriglīce spricþ man þāra bīnamena *[[wit|ƿit]]* (ƿregendlic *[[uncit]]*) and *[[git|ᵹit]]* (ƿregendlic *[[incit]]*), hƿonne man spricþ ymbe tƿēgen menn.

se nemniendlica cāsus is þæt geƿunelice, cynde ansīen (more technically, the *least marked*) of certain dǣlas, such as nouns, adjectives, pronouns and less frequently numerals and participles, and sometimes does not indicate any special relationship with other parts of speech. Therefore, in some languages the nominative case is unmarked, þæt is, the nominative word is the base form or stem, with no flexion. Moreover, in most languages with a nominative case, the nominative form is the one used to cite a word, to list it as a dictionary entry, asf.

*Sēo [[Morphosyntactic alignment]].*
Foresittend

**Foresittend** (Nīƿenglisc: *President*) is nama þe is gebrocen be fela lǣderum landa.

## Seoh ēac
* Cyneƿīse
* Foresittend þāra Geāndena Rīca
Sæternesdæg

**Sæternesdæg** is þǣre ƿuce dæg betƿēonan Frīgedæge and Sunnandæge. His nama is ānlic ongemang þǣm daga namum, for þǣm þe man nimþ hine of þǣm Rōmāniscan gode Saturne, þenden þā ōðere six naman nimþ man of Hǣðnum godum.

In þǣm folcscoplēoðe, "*Sæternesdæges Cild ƿyrcþ hearde for lífƿege*".

In Iudēiscum fyrnþēawe is Sæternesdæg se Sabat. Manig geþēodu nabbaþ synderlicu ƿord for "Sæternesdæge" and "Sabate". 

In Scedelendiscum þēodum, Sæternesdæg hātte *Lördag* oþþe *Löverdag* asf., for þǣm þe se nama is genumen of þǣm ƿorde *laugr*, in mǣnunge bæþ, þus *Lördag* getācnaþ bæþdæg.

Se efenealda Maorisca nama þǣrfor, Rahoroi, tācnaþ "ƿascung-dæg".

Sæternesdæg is se geƿuna dæg for cystum in Australian.

## Ūtanweard bend
* Hƿanon Sæternesdæg Geat His Naman
Frīgedæg

**Frīgedæg** is þǣre ƿuce dæg betwēonan Þunresdæge and Sæternesdæge. His nama is genumen of þǣre gydenne Frīgan of Þēodisce Hǣðenscipes.

In mǣstum gemearcum mid fīfdæglicre earfoþƿuce, is Frīgedæg se endemesta earfoþdæg beforan þǣm ƿucende and is þonne gesewen sƿā intinga dægƿeorðunge oþþe līðunge, and lǣdeþ tō þǣm cƿide *[[TGIF]]*, ƿordsceortnung of *Thank god It's Friday* (Englisc: þanc gode is hē Frīgedæg). (Se cƿide ƿæs belēodfolcƿīdan of a fīlmman cérran þe 1970s.) Frīgedæg is ēac sēo onblāƿnes for þǣm etunghūse, cymlīce genamod, *[[T.G.I. Friday's]]*.

* In þǣm ƿīdcūðan lēoðe, "*Frīgedæges Cild is lufiende and giefende*".
* In Islame, on Frīgedæg se dæg folclices bīgenges in mōscum. Hƿæðere, in sumum Islamiscum þēodlandum, onginnþ sēo ƿucu on Sunnandæge and endaþ on Sæternesdæge, efengelīc þǣre Iudēiscan and Crīstenlican ƿuce. In ōðerum, geinniende Perseaes and Afghanistanes, onginnþ sēo ƿucu on Sæternesdæge and endaþ on Frīgedæge.
* Se Iudēisca Sabat onginnþ æt sunnansetlgange on Frīgedæge and gǣþ oþ sunnansetlgang on Sæternesdæge.
* Frīgedæg ƿæs se nama sumes selfǣtan, þe ƿearþ se þēoƿ þæs Robinsones Crusoes.
* *[[Frīgedæg (bōc)|Frīgedæg]]* is bōc of Robert A. Heinleine.
* *[[Frīgedæg (movie)|Frīgedæg]]* is also a movie featuring rapper Ice Cube.
* Ongemang sumum sīðum is Frīgedæg būtan gifeðe geþōht; sēo Frīgedæg þone 13an.

## Sēo ēac
* Casual Frīgedæg

## Ūtanweard hlence
* Hƿanon Frīgedæg Geat His Naman

:*Ōðeru þing, þe sind Frīgedæg genemnodu:*

* *[[Friday (movie)|Friday]]* is ēac se nama sumes filmennes mid Ice Cube and Chris Tucker swā hēafodscēaweras.
* *[[Friday (book)|Friday]]* is ēac witsciplicu-bōclicu bōc fram Robert A. Heinlein.
Þunresdæg

**Þunresdæg** is þǣre ƿuce dæg betƿēonan Ƿēdnesdæge and Frīgedæge. His nama is genumen of þǣm naman þæs oþþe ge Norþmenniscan ge Þēodiscan godes Þunres.

Æfter sumum geþēodsumnessum (seoh þæt geƿrit be ISO 8601), āscieppaþ þā gēares Þunresdagas þā ƿucrīmunge: ƿuce 1 āsciepþ man sƿā þā ƿuce, þe hæfþ þone forman Þunresdæg þæs gēares, and sƿā forþ.

In þǣm folclican lēoðe, "*Þunresdæges Cild hæfþ feorran tō gānne*".

In þǣm Geānlǣhtan Rīce, sind cystas gehealdene gemǣnelīce Þunresdagum. This was to ensure a high turnout, as people would have spent their previous weeks wages, paid the previous Friday.

In *[[The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy]]* be Douglas Adams, se hād Arthur Dent sægþ, *"This must be Thursday. I could never get the hang of Thursdays"* (þe is aƿended þus: "Tōdæg sceal bēon Þunresdæg. Ic ne nā cūðe dō ƿel on Þunorsdagum."). Sumum stundinclum þǣræfter is se dƿeligend Eorðe forbrocen.

Þunresdæg is ēac se forma nama þæs hēafodsƿēges Jasper Ffordes folclicra bōca: The Eyre Affair, Forloren In Gōdre Bēc, The Well of Lost Plots, and Something Rotten (nā gīet ūtsend). Hire fulla nama is Þunresdæg Nīehsta, þe is ƿordgamen fram þǣm Bryttiscan cƿide. Hire mōdor nama is Ƿēdnesdæg.

## Sēo ēac

* Hālig Þunresdæg

## Ūtanwearde hlencan
* Hƿanon Þunresdæg Geat His Nama
Acan tūn

**Acan tūn** is se nama fela tūna:

In Englalande

* Acan tūn, Ceasterscīr
* Acan tūn, Dorsǣtum
* Acan tūn, Scrobbesbyrgscīr
* Acan tūn, Weogornaceasterscīr
* Acan tūn, Sūþfolc
* Acan tūn, Lunden

Þāra tūna is Acan tūn in Lundene se mǣsta. It is noteworthy for having no fewer than seven railway stations distinguished as North, South, East, West, Central, Mainline and Town. Four of these are on the London Underground and three on the regional rail network.

Māra, sind manig tūnas in Englalande mid gefēredum naman þe onginþ mid Acan tūne: Acton Beauchamp, Acton Bridge, Acton Burnell,  
Acan tūn Green (twice),  
Acan tūn Pigott,  
Acan tūn Place,  
Acan tūn Reynald,  
Acan tūn Round,  
Acan tūn Scott, 
Acan tūn Trussell, 
and Acan tūn Turville

In Wales

* Acan tūn,  Denbighshire   

In þǣm USA:

* Acan tūn, California
* Acan tūn, Maine
* Acan tūn, Massachusetts
* Acan tūn Township, Minnesota
* Acan tūn Township, North Dakota

Acan tūn, California is probably named for Acton, Massachusetts by a miner from there. 
Acan tūn, Massachusetts is probably named for Acan tūn, Sūþfolc (both are near towns named Sudbury). 

In Canadan:

* Acan tūn, Ontario
* Actons Corners, Ontario
* Acan tūn, New Brunswick
* Acan tūn, Quebec
* Acton-Vale, Quebec
* Acton Regional County Municipality, Quebec
* Saint-Andrē-d'Acton, Quebec
* Saint-Nazaire-d'Acton, Quebec
* Saint-Théodore-d'Acton, Quebec
* Acan tūn, Saskatchewan

In Australian
* Acan tūn, underburg Canberran, Australian Capital Territory
* Acan tūn, underburg Hobartes, Tasmanian
Tiwesdæg

**Tiwesdæg** is þære wuce dæg betweonan Monandæge and Wednesdæge. Se Englisca nama cymþ of þæm Þeodisc gode Tiwe. And in Romam hit hatte *Martis dies*, þe is se dæg þæs Romiscan guðgodes Mars.

**[[Gescrifen Tiwesdæg|Gescrifen Tiwesdæg]]** foregæþ þone forman dæg Lenctenes in þære Cristenan gerimbec. And on Frencisce hatte he Mardi Gras, þe segþ *fæt Tiwesdæg*, for þæm þe on þæm dæge geo man æt ealle ealde fod þe wæs in heddærnum and man ne miht gehabban hit lengra, and in sumum landum þis wearþ symbel gehaten *Carnival*, þe in Boclædene wæs *carni vale*. And Lencten þus hætte for þæm þe þonne in norðernum landum þa dagas wurdon lengran. And geo in Brytene in lenctene wæs wana fodores in lande, and giet nu in Brytene leactunweardas hataþ þas monþas þa hungrigan ginnesse.

"**''Tiwesdæges Cild** is full lisse*" is fers of ealdum cuðum leoðe.

Tiwesdæg is se wunelica dæg for [[cyst]]um in þæm [[Geanedu Ricu American|Geanlæhtan Ricum American]]. Þeodlice cystas (þæt is *Federale cystas*) gelimpaþ on þæm Tiwesdæge æfter þæm forman Monandæge in [[Blotmonaþ|Blotmonþe]]; þeos tælmearc wearþ gesetted be lage þæs geares [[1845]] for [[U.S. foresittendlic cyst|foresittendlicum cystum]] (sundorlige for þæm cyre þæs [[U.S. Cystlic College|Cystlican Colleges]]), and wearþ gebræded to cystum for þæm [[Geanlæhtra Underrica Spelienda Hus|Huse Spelienda]] in [[1875]] and for þæm [[Geanlæhtra Underrica Senatus|Senate]] in [[1914]]. Tiwesdæg wæs se æresta dæg þære wuce, þe cystum onhagode in þæm fruman [[19a gearhundred|19an gearhundrede]]: burgmenn sceolden faran ænne halne dæg to macienne hira cyst, and nolden faran on [[Sunnandæg|Sunnandæge]], þe wæs weorðungum dæg for þæm grietestan dæle hira. Manig Americisc underricu habbaþ hira foresittendlican [[frumcyst]]as on "*'Super Tiwesdæge**".


**Blæc Tiwesdæg*', in þæm [[Geanlæht Underricu|Geanlæhtan Underricum]], is se 29a dæg Winterfylleþes geares [[1929]], þonne ongann seo greata ege-geflyht þære gedælungceapstowe geares [[1929]]. Þes wæs se Tiwesdæg æfter [[Blæc Þunresdæg|Blacum Þunresdæge]], þonne ongann seo [[Greata Niðersincung]].

In þære [[Grecisc]]an worulde, wierþ Tiwesdæg (se dæg þære wuce þæs [[Feall Constantinoplan|Fealles Constantinoplan]]) gecweden unspedigne dæg. Se selfa is soþ in þære [[Speonisc geþeode|Speonisc]]-sprecendan worulde, hwær biword sægþ *En martes, ni te cases ni te embarques'' (On Tiwesdæge, ne sinhiwie ne onginne fare).

## Utanwearde bendas
* Hwanon Tiwesdæg geat his naman
* U.S. Federal Election Comission FAQ on cyredæge
Monandæg

**Monandæg** is þære wuce dæg betweonan Sunnandæge and Tiwesdæge. He nimþ his naman of þæm gode Seaxena þæt man hateþ Mona.

Monandæg is hwilum gehealden to þæm forman dæge þære wuce (on Europan oftost), and hwilum þæm oðerum dæge (ealdriht of ealdum Iudeum and is giet geþeawe on Brettum and on þæm Geanedum Ricum). For þæm, se nama þæs dæges on Arabisce and Grecisce and Hebreisce and Portuglisce is "oðer dæg".

Se wunelica þeaw þisses dæges is to healdenne Monandæg to þære onginnunge þære swincwuce, for þæm þe hit is gewunelice þæt geþogene gaþ eft to swincenne, and cildru gaþ eft ta leorninghuse æfter þæǣm wucende, heonan seo adl þe man gewosalice hæteþ "Monandæges seocness". An wen for Monandæges seocnesse is for þæm þe mennisca ymbdæges flowunga (circadian rhythms) beoþ ungedefa mid þære swincwuce feowertigra stunda.

On þæm widcuðum leoðe, *Monandæges cild is fæger ansiene.*
Hafoc

Þæt ƿord **hafoc** cann tācnian herefuglas in ǣnigre tƿeora mǣnunga on Englisce:

* Synderlīce, tō mǣnenne ǣnig þāra cynna on þǣm cnōslum *[[Accipiter]]*, *[[Micronisus]]*, *[[Melierax]]*, *[[Urotriorchis]]*, and *[[Megatriorchis]]*. Sēo feorrƿuniende *Accipiter* cnōsl hæfþ gōshafocas, sparuhafocas, þā scearpscinhafocas, and ōðre. Hīe sind oftost ƿudufugolas þe huntiaþ mid fǣrlicum rǣsum fram ahȳdedum firste. Hīe geƿunelīce habbaþ lane tæglas and sƿīðe gōde sihþe.

* Brādor, tō tǣcnenne fealcenas þe sind fram lytelre micelnesse oþ medume micelnesse þā sind fuglas þǣre cnōsle Accipitridae, þe is sēo cnēoris þe hæfþ þā sōðan hafocas (Accipiters) and earnas, glidan, hergiergufolas, fryscan, and Ealdlendisce grīpas.
Midsumor

**Midsumor** ȝehīerþ tō þǣre tīde ymbe þone sumora sunnstede, ac oftor tō sumum Europēiscum ƿeorðungum þe mid þǣm sunnstede cumaþ, oþþe þe ȝelimpaþ on þone 24. Sēremōnþes and on þone ǣrran ǣfen. Europeisce midsumorsibbe symbeldagas, ȝeƿunan, and ƿeorðunga sind ǣrcrīstliċe on fruman and ƿurdon undēoplīċe ȝecrīstlǣht sƿā frēolsas þǣre Ācennednes Sanctes Iohannes þæs Bæzeres sƿā "Sanctes Iohannes Ǣfen" frēolsas. Hīe sind syndriȝlīċe hefiȝe in Norðernre Europa - Denemearce, Ēastlande, Finnlande, Lettlande, Liþuanalande, Norþƿeȝe and Sƿēolande - ac sind ēac ȝefunden in Īrlande, dǣlum Brytene (Cornƿealle syndriȝlīċe), Franclande, Italiam, Melitan, Portugale, Spēonlande, ōðrum dǣlum Europa, and elles hƿǣr - sƿā in Canadan, þǣm Ȝeānlǣhtum Rīċum, Puerto Rico, and efne in þǣm Sūðernum Healftrendle (Brasile), þǣr þes inȝebrōhta Europeisca frēols ƿǣre rihtor *[[Midƿinter]]* ȝenemned.

## Sēo ēac
* Festa Junina
* Gregorisc ȝerīmbōc
* Hƿēol þæs Ȝēares
* Ƿinter sunnstede
* Candelniht
* Jāņi
Mynster

**Mynster**, ƿord ofcumen of þǣm Grēciscan ƿorde μοναστήριον (*monastērion*), getācnaþ þæt bū and þone ƿeorcstede sumes gemǣnescipes munuca, mynecenna, oþþe ōðra lēoda gesetedra syndrige for ǣƿe.
Myrra

**Myrra** is rēad, brūn trēoƿterubǣr ontimber, se is gedrȳd sæp þæs *Commiphora myrrha* trēoƿes, þe mann fint on Sōmalie.  Sumu ōðru *Commiphora* oþþe *Balsamodendron* sapu hātaþ menn ēac "myrra", behæbbende þā of *Commiphora erythraea* (hƿīltīdum gehāten Ēastindisc myrra), *Commiphora opobalsamum*, and *Balsamodendron kua*.

Myrra is mǣþ ƿyrtbrǣþes and stērunge, and ƿæs sƿīðe gelufod on gēarodagum.  Myrra ƿæs ān þāra giefa þāra tungolƿitegena þǣm cilde Iesus in þǣm spelle sƿā hit is geteald on þǣm Gōdspelle of Matteus.  Myrra ƿæs genotod tō stērunge in dēaþþegnungum and fyrhtum, þe ƿæs tācnod in þǣm Crīstmæssan lēoþe *We Three Kings* (þe is on Englisce "Ƿē Þrīe Cyningas").
Cuneglæsse

**Cuneglæsse** is plante þǣre nama of þǣm Lǣdnum ƿorde "cynoglossum" cymþ.  Hēo nis etendlic, forþǣm þe gif man hīe ete, cūðe hēo derian sīnre lifere for ǣfre.  Þǣr sind 60 cynna.  Hēo mæg ǣghƿæðer bēon ge gēarlicu ge tƿigēarlicu, mid rēadbasƿum blōstmum þe blōƿaþ betƿēonan Þrimilcemōnþe and Hærfestmōnþe. Hēo ƿunaþ in ƿǣtum stedum, ƿēstenlande, and hegum.
Dærentamūða

right|thumb|300px|Dærentamūða and Dærenta ēa

**Dærentamūða**, ēac hātte **Dertamūða** () is burg on Defenascīre in sūþƿesternum Englalande. Hē stent æt mūðan Dærentēa, þe in Nīƿenglisce hātte *Dart*.  Æt ēa mūðan stent castel se ƿeardaþ þā ēa and of þǣm castle in gēardagum mōt man þicce ƿrāsen tēon geond þā ƿæter.

Þǣr is hȳþ and ēac scipfyrdmanna leorninghūs: þæt Britannia Cynelice Scipheres Leorninghūs.  (Ǣr ne hēold man þā leorninge in hūse ac on tƿǣm scipum; *Britannia* and *Hindostan*.  Nū is *Britannia* þæt hūs and *Hindostan* is tyhtingscip on Dærentan ēa.)

Dærentamūða hæfþ his naman of Ealdƿieliscum ƿordum *deru-went-* þe segeþ þæt ymbe hine ƿǣron ǣc.
In

**IN** oþþe **in** cūðe tācnian:

*India ISO country code
*Indiana state code
*Indium **In** symbol for the chemical element

Sēo ēac:
Hrodulf se rēadnosoda hrāndēor

**Hrodulf readnosa hrandeor** is crīstesmæssan folclicu gerecednes.
                                                                                
Hrodulf is hrāndēor and hit hæfþ rēad nhb is Halga Clauses wyrcend and lǣdde 8 hrāna hwonne hīe his scrid tēoþ.
Cwidbōc

**Cwidbōc**, ēac bīspellbōc gehāten, is bōc in þǣre Biblioþēcan. Hēo hæfþ bīspell þǣrinn.
Blēocræft

**Blēocræft** is cræft þe is mid nǣdle and þrǣdum geworht, in þǣm þe man wyrceþ onlīcnessa on clāðum.

## Gallery

File:BajnaFotoThalerTamas7.jpg
File:BajnaFotoThalerTamas8.jpg
File:BajnaFotoThalerTamas4.jpg
File:BajnaFotoThalerTamas3.jpg
Mǣdmōnað

**Mædmonað** is se seofoða monaþ þæs geēares in þǣre Gregoriscan gerīmbēc, and hæfþ 31 daga.    On nīƿum Englisce ƿæs Mǣdmōnaþ (gehāten *July*) ednemnod for Iulius Cāsere; ǣr, hē ƿæs on Lǣden *[[Quintilis]]* genemned, for þǣm ðe hē ƿæs ðone fīfta monað on sē Rōmāniscan gerīmbēc, for þǣm þe hē on Hrēþmōnaþ ongunnon.  On Englisce is þes mōnaþ genemned æfter mǣdƿum. 
thumb|200 px|right|''Les Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry'', ''Mǣdmōnaþ''
Forþǣm oncyme his naman, ƿæs þes mōnaþ oþ þǣre 18an ielde gesægd æfter þǣre ilcan ƿīsan sƿā þone mægdnes naman *Julie*.

* In þǣre Īriscan gerīmbēc is se mōnaþ **Iūil** gehāten, and is se þridda and endemesta mōnaþ þǣre Sumortīde.

## Trivia
* *Mǣdmōnaþ* onginnþ on þǣm selfan dæge þǣre ƿuce sƿā *Ēastermōnaþ* in ǣlcum gēare, and ēac *Se æfterra Gēola* in bisexttum.

* Mǣdmōnþes blōstm is sēo ƿæterlilie.
* Mǣdmōnþes gebyrdstān is the ruby.

## Sēo ēac
* Stǣrlice gemynddagas
Weorcdæg

**Ƿeorcdæg** is dæg, on þǣm man sceall ƿyrcan.  In Crīstenum landum, Sunnandæg nis oft ƿeorcdæg, ac restdæg.  In þǣm mǣstan dǣle landa, ealla dagas fram Mōnandæge oþ Frīgedæg sind þā ƿeorcdagas.
Hrān

Se **hrān** is cliferfētedēor þe ƿunaþ in feorrum norþlandum. In Norðum American hātte **Caribū**. In Bōclædene hātte hē *Rangifer tarandus*. Þā Europeiscan and Siberiscan hrānas sind tame fram mannum ǣht sƿā fēo and scēapas, ac þā Americiscan caribū sind ƿilde.
Twinemniendlic nama

Se **tƿinemniendlica nama** is Lǣden nama, gebrocen sƿā þæt dēor cunnon bēon ƿoruldlice genemned and plantan and ōðer līf.
Mameceaster

**Mameceaster** is miclu ceaster on Lonceasterscīre, on Englum.

## Stǣr
Mameceaster ƿæs on Rōmƿarum *Mamucium* hātan. On Engla dagum stōd hēo æt Norðhymbra mearce. In 919 hēt fierd of Miercna þēode þa hƿile þe Eadƿeard cyning and seo sunu Alexander þær sæt gefāran Mameceaster on Norþhymbrum, 7 hīe gebetan 7 gemannian.

Mameceaster geƿunede lȳtla burg oþþæt þa 18e gēarhundred, þa ƿēox hīe micle.

## Stōƿlīce Tōþegnung
Mameceaster is anfeald tōþegnung eard, under Mameceaster Ceastergeþinge.

Ǣr ƿæs Mameceaster scīrburgscipe. Fram 1974 oþþæt 1986 ƿæs Mameceaster boldgetǣl under Grietre Mameceaster Scirgeþinge. In 1986 ādīlegede se Ƿitangemōt þæt scirgeþinge. Mameceaster is nū anfeald geþingedōm.

Mameceaster Scīrgeþinges stōl is Mameceaster Burgheall, getimbrode in 1877, micel "gotisce" heall.

## Grietre Mameceaster
right|thumb|Grietre Mameceaster ymbe gescriflicum scīrum
**Grietre Mameceaster** is ceasternisca scīr and gescriflicu scīr. Sēo scīr næfð nū scīrgeþinge, forðæm man hit endede in 1986 . Ēac is *Grietra Mameceaster* se nama þǣre eard ymbe Mameceaster.

Grietre Mameceaster gemæraþ man ofer Sūðerne Lonceasterscīre and norðerne Ceasterscīre. Hiere læppan sind:

* Mameceaster
* Boþltun
* Burg
* Ealdhām
* Rochdale
* Salford
* Stockport
* Tameside
* Trafford
* Ƿigan
Wiltūn

**Wiltūn** is se nama manigra steda:

**[[Bryten]]:**
* Wiltūn, Cumbraland
* Wiltūn, Hrocsburhscīr
* Wiltūn, Piceringas, Eoferwicscīr
* Wiltūn, Rēadcarr, Eoferwicscīr
* Wiltūn, Wiltūnscīr
* Wiltūn, Marlburg, Wiltūnscīr

* Wiltūnhūs æt Wiltūn, Wiltūnscīr

**[[Geānlǣhtan Rīcu American]]:**
* Wiltūn, California
* Wiltūn, Connecticut
* Wiltūn (tūn), Maine
* Wiltūn (CDP), Maine
* Wiltūn, Nīwe Hāmtūnscīr
* Wiltūn, Nīwe Eoforwīc
Hrēðmōnað

**Hreðmonað** is seo þridda monaþ þæs geares in þære Gregoriscan gerīmbēc, and hæfþ 31 dagas.  Genemned æfter Mars, þǣm Rōmāniscan gode gūðes.

In ealdre Rōme, ƿearþ Hrēþmōnaþ *Martius* gehāten.  Hē ƿearþ æfter þǣm gūþgode (Mars) genemned and ƿearþ geteald a lucky time tō onginnenne gūþ.
In ancient Hellenic civilization, Hrēþmōnaþ hātte Anthesterion.
thumb|200 px|right|''Les Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry'', ''Hrēþmōnaþ''
## Belimpas in Hrēþmōnþe
* On þǣm forman Sunnandæge Hrēþmōnþes gelimpþ the Vasaloppet cross country ski race in Sƿēolande on āre of Gustav Vasa's run in 1520.
* 17 Hrēþmōnaþ is Halga Patrices Dæg ān þāra Folclice Symbeldagas in þǣre Cyneƿīsan Īrlandes. In þǣre Īriscan gerīmbēc hātte se monaþ **Mārta** and is se middla mōnaþ Lencten.
* 19 Hrēþmōnaþ is Sanctes Iosephes Dæg
* Ān tƿēgra þæs gēares efennihte (lenctenlic gehāten in Norðum Healftrendle and hærfestlicu efenniht in þǣm Sūðum Healftrendle) gelimpþ on oþþe ymbe Hrēþmōnaþ 21.
* 25 Hrēþmōnaþ is ān þāra Īriscra Feorðlingdaga (leng ne gefrēolsod gemǣnelīce).
* 25 Hrēþmōnaþ is Mōdor Dæg in þǣm Geānlǣhtan Cynerīce.
* 25 Hrēþmōnaþ - Hlāfdigan Dæg oþþe the Feast of the Annunciation.
* In Ƿesternum Crīstendōme, gelimpþ Ēaster on Sunnandæg betƿēonan 22um Hrēþmōnþe and 25 Ēastermōnþe, inhæbbendlīce.

## Trivia
* In Hrēþmōnþe, sēo Sunne gǣþ þurh circules tungolmearcinga Ƿætergyte and Fisc.
* Hrēþmōnaþ onginnþ on þǣm selfan dæge þǣre ƿuce sƿā Blōtmōnaþ in eallum gēarum and sƿā Solmōnaþ in regollicum gēarum.
* Þā tācnu þæs circules innan þǣm mōnþe Hrēþmōnþes sind Pisces and Aries.

* Hrēþmōnþes blōstm is se æppellēaf.
* Hrēþmōnþes gebyrdstān is se aquamarine.

## Sēo ēac
* Stǣrlice gemynddagas
Babilōn

**Babilōn** ƿæs burg in efenealdum Īrace, þā Mesopotamia ȝehāten.  Hēo ƿæs ȝebūn on þǣm ōfrum þǣre Eufratese.
Blōtmōnað

**Blōtmōnaþ** is þone endleofeðane mōnaþ þæs gēares in þǣre Gregoriscan gerīmbēc, and hæfþ 30 daga. In nīƿum Englisce, þæt ƿord *November* is gebrȳcod for hāttan hit, and hit cymþ of Lǣdenum ƿorde *novem* for "nigon" (hē ƿæs fyrst se nigoða mōnaþ þæs gēares, ǣr þǣm þe Se æfterra Gēola and Solmōnaþ ƿurdon ingeseted).
thumb|200px|right|''Les Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry'', ''Blōtmōnaþ''
Mōnaþ

Se **mōnaþ** is ānhād oþþe stycce tīman, gebrȳced mid gerīmbōcum, þe is ābūtan swā lang swā sum gebyrde fæc gelenge þǣm færelde þæs mōnan (þ.i. "mōna-þ").

### mōnaþlengþa

sidereal mōnaþ:27.321661547 + 0.000000001857*y days
tropical mōnaþ:27.321582241 + 0.000000001506*y days
anomalistic mōnaþ:27.554549878 − 0.000000010390*y days
draconic mōnaþ:27.212220817 + 0.000000003833*y days
synodic mōnaþ:29.530588853 + 0.000000002162*y days

## Mōnþas in the Julian and Gregorian calendars

Sēo Gregorisce gerīmbōc, swā sēo Iulanisce gerīmbōc ǣr hire, hæfþ twelf mōnþas:

* Se æfterra Gēola, mid 31 dagum;
* Solmōnaþ, mid 28 dagum oþþe 29 in bises;
* Hrēþmōnaþ, mid 31 dagum;
* Ēastermōnaþ, mid 30 dagum;
* Þrimilcemōnaþ, mid 31 dagum;
* Sēremōnaþ, mid 30 dagum;
* Mǣdmōnaþ, mid 31 dagum;
* Wēodmōnaþ, mid 31 dagum;
* Hāligmōnaþ, mid 30 dagum;
* Winterfylleþ, mid 31 dagum;
* Blōtmōnaþ, mid 30 dagum;
* Gēolmōnaþ, mid 31 dagum.

::*Þrēotig dagas hæfþ Hāligmōnaþ,*
::*Ēastermōnaþ, Sēremōnaþ, and Blōtmōnaþ;*
::*Ælc þǣre lāf hæfþ ān and þrēotig,*
::*Būton āne Solmōnaþ,*
::*Sēo hæfþ eahta and tweontig gemænelīce,*
::*Oððæt bisses wyrht hit nigon and tweontig.*

:::oþðe to endenne:

::*Sēo hæfþ eahta and tweontig gemænelīce,*
::*And nigon and tweontig in ælcum bises.*

## See also
* Table of lunar month correspondences
Fæder ūre

thumb
thumb|on Middelenglisce
thumb|on Nīƿenglisce

**Fæder ūre** (Nīƿenglisc *Lord's Prayer*; Lǣden *Pater noster*) is þæt fullcūðe gebed in þǣre Crīstenan hālignesse. Se nama "Fæder ure" swa swa se lædenisca "Pater noster" cymþ of hu þæt gebed onginþ; on Englisc ***fæder ūre''', þū þe eart on heofonum''..., on Lǣden ***pater noster,*' quī es in caelīs...*

Æfter þǣre Nīƿan Gecȳþnesse, þæt gebed ƿæs gifen fram Iesuse of Nasareþe tō andsƿare ƿiþ ascunge fram þǣm Apostolum for lǣdunge on gebede. Hit hātte þæs "Dryhtnes Gebed" for þȳ þe, on þǣre lāre þǣre Þrinesse forþset in þǣm mǣstan dǣle ƿīsena Crīstendōmes, Iesus is gelīefed þæt sceapp Godes on eorðan ƿesan, þæt

## Traht
:Fæder ūre, þū þe eart on hēofonum;
:Sī þīn nama ġehālgod,
:tō becume þīn rīċe,
:ġeƿurþe þīn ƿilla,
:on eorðan sƿā sƿā on hēofonum.
:Ūrne ġedæġhƿāmlīċan hlāf sele ūs tōdæġ,
:and forgif ūs ūre gyltas,
:sƿā sƿā ƿē forgifaþ ūrum gyltendum,
:and ne ġelǣd þū ūs on costnunge,
:ac ālīes ūs of yfele, sōþlīċe.
Ēastermōnað

**Eastermonað** is se feorða monaþ þæs geares in þære Gregoriscan gerīmbēc and fēoƿera ān mid þǣre lengþe 30 dagas.

April begins (astrologically) with the sun in the sign of Aries and ends in the sign of Taurus. Astronomically speaking, the sun begins in the constellation of Pisces and ends in the constellation of Aries.
thumb|200 px|right|''Les très riches heures du Duc de Berry'', ''Ēastermōnaþ''
Se nama is ofgangen from þǣm Lǣdenan *aprilis*, ǣghƿæðer ge of þǣm Lǣdenan ƿorde *aperire*, þe mǣnþ "tō openienne", geƿēne referring to growing plants in lencten, ge of þǣm Etrusciscum naman *Apru* for Aphrodite.

Ēastermōnaþ ƿæs on frymþlicum se ōðer mōnaþ þǣre Rōmāniscan gerīmbēc and hæfde 29 dagas. Iulies Cāseres gerīmbōce ānīƿung in 45 BCE resulted in April having 30 days and becoming the fourth mōnaþ, for þǣm þe þæt gēar nū ongann in Ǣfter Gēole.

In þǣre ealdan Iapaniscan gerīmbēc, is se mōnaþ *Uzuki* (卯月).

## Ēastermōnaþ in poetry
Poets identify Ēastermōnaþ mid þǣm ende ƿintera, ac they don't necessarily agree on what that means:
* We start with the proverb
:'April showers bring May flowers'
* In the *[[Canterbury Tales]]*, Chaucer found only cause for celebration:

:Whan þat April wiþ his showres soote (that is, sweet)
:The droughte of March haþ perced to the roote,
:And baþed every veine in swich licour,
:Of which vertu engendred is the flowr; (ll. 1-4)
::Modernized for *The Norton Anthology of English Literature*
* T. S. Eliot, on the other hand, opened *[[The Waste Land]]* with an ironic glance at Chaucer:

:April is the cruellest month, breeding
:Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing
:Memory and desire, stirring
:Dull roots with spring rain.

* *[[Spring]]* - Edna St. Vincent Millay

:To what purpose, April, do you return again?
:Beauty is not enough.
:You can no longer quiet me with the redness
:Of little leaves opening stickily.
:I know what I know.
:The sun is hot on my neck as I observe
:The spikes of the crocus.
:The smell of the earth is good.
:It is apparent that there is no death.
:But what does that signify?
:Not only under ground are the brains of men
:Eaten by maggots.
:Life in itself
:Is nothing,
:An empty cup, a flight of uncarpeted stairs.
:It is not enough that yearly, down this hill,
:April
:Comes like an idiot, babbling and strewing flowers.

## Belimpas in Ēastermōnaþ
* Ēastermōnþes Sottes Dæg gelimpþ on 1um Ēastermōnþe.
* Easter gelimpþ on Sunnandæge betƿēonan 22um Hrēþmōnþe and 25um Ēastermōnþe ymbhæbbendlīċe in Ƿesternum Crīstendōme, and betƿēonan 4um Ēastermōnþe and 8um Þrimilcemōnþe ymbhæbbendlīce in Eastern Orthodox Ciriċum.
* Ēastermōnaþ is National Autism Awareness Month in þǣm Geānlǣhtra Rīcum American
* In þǣre Īriscan gerīmbēc hātte se mōnaþ **Aibreān** and is se þridda and sīðemesta mōnaþ Lenctenes.

## Trivia
* *Ēastermōnaþ* onginþ on þǣm ilcan dæge þǣre ƿuce sƿā *Mǣdmōnaþ* in eallum gēarum and ēac *se æfterra Gēola* in bisesum.

* Ēastermōnþes blōstm is þæt dæges ēage.
* Ēastermōnþes gebyrdstān is the diamond.

## Seoh ēac
* Stǣrlice gemynddagas
Þrimilcemōnað

**Þrimilcemonað** is se fifta monaþ þæs geares in þǣre Gregoriscan gerīmbēc, and hæfþ 31 daga. It may have been named for the Roman goddess Maia or more likely for the Roman goddess of fertility, Bona Dea, whose festival was held in May.

In Japan, there is the so-called May sickness, sēocnescynn where nīƿe leorneras oþþe ƿeorceras onginnaþ tēorian of their new schoolwork or jobs. It is due to a Japanese custom that all schoolyears and fiscal years start on April 1st.
thumb|200 px|right|''Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry'', ''Þrimilcemōnaþ''
## Belimpas in Þrimilcemōnaþ
* In manigum þēodum, is 'Þrimilcemōnaþdæg' on 1 Þrimilcemōnþe.  Þēs biþ gefrēolsod sƿā Earfoþdæg in manigum landum.
* In þǣre Īriscan gerīmbēc, is Þrimilcemōnaþ 1 Beltane (Bealtaine) -se forma dæg Sumora and folclic symbeldæg, þe is gefrēolsod on þǣm forman Mōnandæge in Þrimilcemōnþe.
* In þǣm Geānlǣhtan Cynerīce, 'Þrimilcemōnaþ Dæg' is 1 Þrimilcemōnaþ, but a public symbeldæg is held on þǣm forman Mōnandæge in Þrimilcemōnaþe.
* Eastern Crīstendōm mǣrþ Easter on a Sunnandæg between 4 Ēastermōnaþ and 8 Þrimilcemōnaþ.
* In Ƿesternum Europan is 8 Þrimilcemōnaþ se sigedæg in Ōðru Woruldgūþ. In Eastern Europe it is celebrated in 9 Þrimilcemōnaþ.
* In Europan is 9 Þrimilcemōnaþ Europandæg.
* In þǣm Geānlǣhtan Rīcum American, Canadan and Australian, Mōdordæg is se ōðer Sunnandæg in Þrimilcemōnaþ.
* In Canadan, Victoria Dæg is observed on the Mōnandæg on or before 24 Þrimilcemōnaþ. In Quebec, it is known as **Patriotes Day** (*Journēe nationale des patriotes*).
* In þǣm Geānlǣhtan Rīcum American, Memorial Day, a public symbeldæg, is on 31 Þrimilcemōnaþ, but observed on the last Mōnandæge in Þrimilcemōnþe.

## Trivia
* Þrimilcemōnþes blōstm is the haƿþorn.
* Þrimilcemōnþes gebyrdstān is the emerald.

## Sēo ēac
* Stǣrlice gemynddagas
Stānweall sacunga

Þā **Stānƿeall sacunga** ƿǣron getæl feohta be bædlingas oþþe ƿǣpenƿīfestres in Nīƿum Eoforƿīce in 1969.
Illative cāsus

Se **illativus** oþþe **inberunglica cāsus** is grammatisc cāsus for namum. His andgiet is "in" sƿā in "in hūs", and ne sƿā in "in hūse". In manigum ġeþēodum man brūceþ þone accusativus cāsus oþþe preposition for þissum. Ac Finnisc hæfþ sundorlīċne illativus cāsus.
Gerīmbōc

**Gerīmbōc** is endebyrdnes tō getitelienne gerīmbōce dagas tō dagum. Þā *tælmearca* ārīsen fram þǣre undergietenan styrunge steorlicra þinga. **Gerīmbōc** is ēac fæst begīeming (oft paper), þe gebisenaþ þā endebyrdnesse (for bisne, *desktop gerīmbōc*). Man brȳcþ ēac þæt ƿord tō tācnienne sum rīm gesierƿodra belimpa (for bisne, *dōmgerīmbōc*).

## Gerīmbōcendebyrdnessa
Mǣst þāra gerīmbōca þe man brȳcþ on eorðan sind **[[Mōna|mōnelic]]**, **[[Sunne|sunnlic]]**,  **[[mōnesunnlic gerīmbōc|mōnesunnlic]]** oþþe **arbitrary**.

* *Mōnelic gerīmbōc* fylgaþ þæs mōnan styrunge (moon phases); bīspell is sēo Islamisce gerīmbōc.  

* *Sunnlic gerīmbōc* fylgaþ tīdlice onƿendunge þære sunnan styrunge þe man siehþ; bīspell is sēo Persisce gerīmbōc.

* *Mōnasunnlic gerīmbōc* fylgaþ þæs mōnan and þǣre sunnan styrunge; bīspell is sēo Iudēisce gerīmbōc.

* *Arbitrary gerīmbōc* ne fylgaþ þæs mōnan and ne þǣre sunnan styrunge; bīspellan sind sēo ƿucu, and se Iūlisca dæg þe tungolǣmenn brūcaþ.

Sume gerīmbēc þyncaþ fylgian Venuses styrunge; bīspellan sind sume þāra ealdra Ǣgyptiscra gerīmbōca; þynceþ þæt menn dōþ þūs mǣste nēah þǣm Equator.
Wordstǣrcræft

Se **wordstǣrcræft** is sēo lār þāra worda frumena. Suma word sind gecumen of ōðerum geþēodum, and habbaþ forscapen (þæt frume word hatte **wordbānu**).

Þurh ealde trahtas and geānlīcunga wiþ ōðerum geþēodum, wordstǣrwitan sēcaþ eftmacian þāra worda stǣr — hwonne hie cwōmon in þæt geþēode, and hwanon, and hū hira scyppung and andgit āwendedon.
Æfterra Geola

Se **æfterra Gēola** oððe **Gēola se æfterra** is se ǣresta mōnaþ þæs gēares on þǣre Gregoriscan gerīmbēc, and hæfþ 31 daga.  His Lǣden nama, **Januarius**, is genumen of þǣm Rōmāniscan gode Ianus, þǣm Rōmāniscan gode dura and inganga.

Æfterra Gēola and Solmōnaþ ƿǣron þā endemestan tƿēgen mōnþas, þe man īehte intō þǣre gerīmbēc, siþþan þā Rōmƿaran hæfdon fyrst ƿinter for mōnaþlēasum fæce.  Þēah þe Hrēþmōnaþ fyrst se forma mōnaþ ƿæs, stang se æfterra Gēola on þone stede for þǣm þe sē ƿæs þæt fæc hƿonne consulas geþeaƿe ƿurdon gecoren.
right|250px|''Les Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry'' - Æfterra Gēola
Se forma dæg þæs mōnþes is gecnāƿen sƿā Forƿeardes Gēares Dæg oþþe ānfealdlīce Gēares Dæg.

Se Ielde Cymes dæg in Iapane is se ōðer Mōnandæg þæs Æfterran Gēolan, for þǣm þe ƿeorðaþ 20-ƿintre in þǣm nīƿum . Hē is þēodlic symbeldæg. Se dæg stendeþ sīþ 1948, ac fēoll on 15an Æfterran Gēolan oþ 1999, hone man hine cierrde of þǣm Iapaniscum lēodƿearde in onginne tō hebbenne ūp þone earfoþdōm mid þȳ þe hī maciaþ mā symbeldaga folgendra.

## Lȳtlingas
* Þā tācnu þæs zodiaces ƿiþinnan þǣm mōnþe Æfterran Gēolan sind Buccan horn (22 Gēolmōnaþ-Æfterra Gēola 19) and Ƿætergīete (20 Æfterra Gēola-18 Solmōnaþ).
* In þǣm rodore, hūru, þurhfærþ sēo Sunne in Æfterran Gēolan þurh þā steorrancircules tunglu Scytta and Buccan horn.
* In regollicum gēarum onginþ Æfterra Gēola on þǣm ilcan dæge þǣre ƿuce sƿā Ƿinterfylleþ.
* In bissextum onginnþ Æfterra Gēola on þǣm selfan dæge þǣre ƿuce sƿā Ēastermōnaþ and Mǣdmōnaþ.
* In þǣre Īriscan gerīmbēc hātte se mōnaþ **Eanāir** and is se þridda and endemesta mōnaþ Ƿintra.

* Þæs Æfterran Gēolan blōstm is the snowdrop.
* Þæs Æfterran Gēolan byrdstān is the garnet.

## Sēo ēac
* Stǣrlice gemynddagas
Aaron

**Aaron** wæs se brōðor þæs Moyse and waes israhēlita.thumb
He waes se heah-preost of Moysice Israhēl. Swā his brōþor, hē wæs lēwita israhēlita. He wæs eac micel ealdor-lārēow þām Moysice Israhēlum.
Axa on Defenum

thumb|Acsa se iernþ þurh Defenascire
Se **Axa** is ēa in Defenascīre, in þǣm Englalandes sūðdǣle. Hit onginþ benorðan Axanmynstres and flēƿþ in þone Sūþsǣ æt Axanmūðan nēah Sǣtūne.

## Seoh ēac
* Ēa þæs Geāndan Cynerīces
* Taunton Stop Line
* Sumorsǣte Emnett
Hāmtūnsċīr

thumb|200px|Hamtunescir

**Hāmtūnescīr** is scīr on Englum, on Sūþsǣhealf.  Hēo hæfþ mearca mid Dorsǣtum ƿestƿeard, Ƿiltūnscīre and Bearrucscīre norþƿeard, and mid Sūþrige and Sūþseaxum ēastƿeard.

Sēo mǣst burg þǣre scīre is Hamtum.  On sǣhealf sind Hamtum, Portesmūþa (þæs Cynelican Scipheres hām hæfn) and lǣs byrige.
thumb|200px|Ƿintanceaster Hēafodcirice
Ƿintanceaster, Ƿestseaxna and Engla hēafodburg in gēardagum, stent onmiddan þissa scīr.

Sūþƿeard lieceþ Ƿiht (se is īeg in Hāmtūnescīre sēo eardfæst scīr, oþþæt Ƿiht is self scīr for stōƿlican tōþegnunge).

Þære scīre ƿestdǣl is Ytene, oþþe sēo Nīƿa Fyrhþ, betƿēonam Tƿeonam and Natanleag.
Stæfford

:*Þis tramet is ymbe þone tūn on Stæffordscīre on Englum. For ōðrum brycum, sēo [[Stæfford (scirung)]]*

**Stæfford** (oþþe **Stæþford**) is þǣre Stæffordscīre scīrtūn on Englum. He standeþ norðe þāra Blæc Lande, betƿēonan Heantune and Stoce. Stæffordes lēodtelle in 1991 ƿæs 60,915. Sēo ymbstandende Stæfford burgscipe hǣfþ lēodtelle ymbe 120,000. 

## Ūtanƿearde Hlencas

* http://www.staffordbc.gov.uk/live/welcome.asp   - Stafford Borough Council 
* http://www.aboutbritain.com/AncientHighHouse.htm 
* http://www.transportcafe.co.uk/britain22.html  - Photos of the road train

## Glēsing
* (11th century and earlier) Staffordshire Newsletter 1994 Guide
Hors

**Hors** oþþe *Equus caballus* is miċel gærsƿyrt-ǣt dēor, and ān seofona niƿa ȝecynda "Equus". Hors ƿeorðaþ ȝebrȳcedu tō farenne, and tō spannenne ānfornȝēan crætƿǣne.

And hors hæfþ āne tān on ǣlċum fēt, and hit is sēo þridde tā. Ac mæniȝe his ealdena foreȝengena sƿā *Mesohippus* and *Merychippus* hǣfdon þrēo tān on ǣlċum fēt. And seldcūðe ƿearþ ācenned fola mid mārum þonne ānre tān on fēt. And in þǣre Eōcēniscan tīde lifdon his ƿīdcūðe foreȝengan *Eohippus* þe ēac hātte *Hyracotherium*, and his ǣrran foreȝengan þā Condylarthra þe hæfdon fīf tān on ǣlċum fēt, and lȳtel hōf on ǣlcre tān, and hit rann þurh ealde eormenƿealdas ǣr þǣm þe ƿæs ǣniȝ græs on eorþan.
Winterfylleð

**Winterfylleþ** is se teoða mōnaþ þæs ġēares in þǣre Gregoriscan gerīmbēc, and hæfþ 31 dagas. In nīƿum Englisce, þæt ƿord *October* is gebrȳcod, and hit cymþ of Lǣdenum ƿorde *octo* for "eahta" (hē ƿæs fyrst se eahtoða mōnaþ þæs gēares, ǣr þǣm þe Æfterra Gēola and Solmōnaþ ƿurdon ingesetede).

## Hāligdagas
* Þancasġiefende Dæġ in Canadan on þǣm ōðrum Mōnandæge þæs mōnþes.
* Columbus Dæg (on þǣm ōðrum Mōnandæge þæs mōnþes)
* Sawān (an approximate date)
* Se endemesta Mōnandæg in Ƿinterfylleðe is ān þāra Þēodlicra Symbeldaga in þǣm Īrisce Cyneƿīse and in þǣre Īriscan gerīmbēc is se mōnaþ **Deireadh Fōmhair** gehāten, (rihte "Ende Hærfestes") and is se þridda and endemesta mōnaþ þǣre Hærfesttīde.
*Ealra Hālgena Ǣfen (31. Winterfylleþ)
*Ednīwung Dæg (31. Winterfylleþ)
thumb|200 px|right|''Les Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry'', ''Ƿinterfylleþ''
## Trivia
**Ƿinterfylleþ* onginnþ on þǣm selfan dæg þǣre ƿuce sƿā *Æfterra Gēola*, būton in bises.

*Winterfylleðes blōstm is þone calendula.
*Winterfylleðes byrdstān is þone opal.
* Þā Engle and Seaxe hātton October Ƿyn-mōnaþ (Ƿine-month), se mōnaþ tō tredenne in þǣm ƿīnfatum. In þǣre Dōmesdægbēc bēoþ þā ƿīngeardas singallīce genamod.

## Sēo ēac
*Stǣrlice gemynddagas
Hengest

:*Þis geƿrit āscrīfþ þone Cantƿara cyning. For þǣm nēate, sēo [[eoh]]*.

**Hengest** oþþe **Hengist** (d. 488?) ƿæs ƿealdend Cent rīce in sūþeastre Brytene.

Þā sōþsaca his līfes sind ungecnāƿen, ac æfter Bedan (se ƿrāt nēah 200 gēarum æfter þǣm belimpum on frignunge), ƿǣron hē and his brōðor Horsa esneƿyrhtan þǣm Bryttiscan ƿealdende Ƿyrtegeorne, and ƿurdon gehȳrode tō campienne ƿiþ Peohtum. Æfter his sigum ƿiþ Peohtum, ingelaðode mā landsētan of Germanie tō undersittenne on Brytene and þā ƿiþfuhton ƿiþ Ƿyrtegeorn, þā staðolode hine selfne sƿā cyning on Cent.

Sƿā mæniga bēc hit tealdon, bēgen Hengest and Horsa Eote ƿǣron, and suna Eotisces hēafodmannes, Ƿihtgils gehātte. Ƿihtgils ƿæs Ƿitting, Ƿitta Ƿecting, Ƿecta Ƿōdning, fram þǣm Ƿēdne āƿōc mænig Englisc cyne cynn.
Ælfred Micela

**Ælfred** (geboren þæs 847. geares? - cwæl 26. Winterfylleðes þæs 899. geares) wæs cyning Englalandes fram þæm 871. geare oþ þæt 899., ac he racode næfre ofer andlangum lande.  Ælfred is tirfæst for þy he werede his cynerice wiþ þa Deniscan (Wicingas), and for þæm earnode þone binaman, "Micel".  Cnæwþ man his lifes soþsage for gewrite fram þæm Wiliscan scolere Assere.  Ælfred wæs larwita and fyrþrede boccræft and cynerices lagan ætieced.

## Cildhad
Ælfred wæs geboren ahwænne betweonan þæm 847. geare and þæm 849. Æfter Criste on Wanetinge in Bearrucscire.

Ælfred wæs se feorða sunu Æðelwulfes Cyninges Westseaxna, and gelicost his modor wæs Osburh Æðerwulfes forma wif.  He wæs æftergenga for his breðer, Æðelræd I, to cyninge Westseaxna and Mierca, on þæm 871. geare.

## Hired
*Fæder: Æðelwulf cyning
*Siblingas:
**Broðru: Æðelbald Westseaxna (geboren þæs 831.) Æðelbryht Westseaxna (geboren þæs 835.)
*Cildru:
**Suna: Eadward se Ieldra
**Dohtru: Æðelflæd (werode Æðelræd)

## Deaþ
Hu Ælfred forþferde is ungecnawen. Eac þæt gear nis gewitodlic. Se dæg wæs se 26. Winterfylleþes, and nu wenþ man þæt þæt gear wære þæt 899.,  na þæt 900. ne þæt 901. swa man ær wende.

## Utanwearde bendas
*Museum 

## Fruman
Strēawberge

**Strēaƿberge**, ēac gehāten **Eorþberge**, is sēo ƿyrt on þǣre rōsan cnēorisse. Hire ƿæstmas, þā þe man iteþ, sindon gehātene strēaƿbergan. Hīe rēade sindon, mid grēnum hlēafum on toppe.
Eorðe

**Eorðe** (tacn tungollic: ) is þæt þridde dƿeoligende tungol fram þǣre Sunnan. Hēo hæfþ ǣnne mōnan, and is se āna planēta þe man līf habban ƿāt. His hiw is mǣst blēo for þǣm sæ, ac his eorþe is grēne or brūn. Se weorold wearð geworht feower þusend and fif hund scillinga wintra ær þam þe dust and lytle stanas on heofonum ymbutan þone hatan, niwan geworhtan Sunne ymbwendedon. þa stanas gegaderodon togædere and macodon maran stanas of þam stanas gemeltende on hyra sylfra þonne hi gemette wæron and cyldan, þa syndon clumpas genemned. þas stanclumpas æt niehstan geworhton hrymlic, ymbhwyrftlic eorþlic gemærsodlican mæst, planetesimal genemned, be þam ylcan weg þa clumpas sylfe wæron geworhte.
Sunne

thumb|Sēo Sunne
**Sunne** (tacn: ) oþþe "Sigel" is se steorra nīehst tō eorðan. Sēo sunne onǣlde mā þonne 4.6 þūsenda þūsenda þūsend gēara ǣr, and ƿearmaþ eorðan mid hire hǣtan. Hit is geþohte geolu-oranġe, ac eorðan hit þincð hwit.
Crīstesmæsse

**Crīstesmæsse** (oþþe **Ġēol**) is geþēaƿe hāligdæg in þǣm crīstenum gerimbōcum þæt gǣþ æt gēolmōnaþes ende and gebrēmaþ þā cennesse Iesus Crīstes. Ēac gebrēmaþ man hīe sƿā ƿoruldes hāligdæg in mænigum stedum þǣre ƿorulde, geinniande rīcu mid gehƿǣdum Crīstenum folce, tō bisne Japane. Sēo sōþtīd and se stǣr Iesuses cennesse is uncūþ and under cnēatung (sēo Iesus). On Cristendome, se forma Cristesmæsse dæg gelamp þa Marian gebær Iesus on Bethlehem on anre binne innan micelre holan on niht.

Crīstesmæsse nēoteþ gehƿilces sida þæs Hǣðna gēolan. Lārbysne, se Crīstemæssan pīntrēoƿ and se giefan þā lāce sind hǣðne. "Santa Claus" and "Sinterklaas" sind geondblāƿen on þone hǣðene godgield Ƿōden

Innan þǣre ēastcirican, frēolsiaþ þā crīstemenn Grēclandes and sclavisces landes Crīstesmæssan on þǣm seofoða dæge Æfterra Gēolan on þǣre Gregoriscan gerīmbēc, þone on þǣre Iulianiscan gerīmbēc is eallswā on þǣm 25 Gēolsmonaþ.

## Hǣþendōm
Crīstesmæsse is ġeþēaƿ ġeset fram manniscum dōmum, ne fram sōþre gemynde ne fram gesceaftes lāre. Ne is āƿriten ne on tunglum gesēn, hƿænne sē Nazarēnisc cniht ġecenned ƿǣre; ac man þā tīd ġecēas þurh gēollic gewunian and þurh hǣþene blōt, þe ǣr bēagum and fyrde ƿēold. Þæt folc ġelȳfde, forþan þe folc ƿilnaþ frōfor and blīðnesse on dimmum dagum, and ġeþōhte þæt þāra goda spǣce bēon meahtigra þonne mannisc gescead. Ac sē þe smeaþ and frōd biþ, geseah þæt hēr sind saga and sēocnyssa, word ġesponnene, nalles ƿīsdōm.
Ealdfriþ

**Ealdfriþ** ƿæs Norþanhymbra cyning and ricsode tƿentig ƿinter, of 685 oþ 705.  Hine man lǣrde in Īrlande for þǣre cirican, and ƿæs se ǣresta bōclica cyning on Englaland.
Niðerlendisċ sprǣċ

Sēo **Niðerlendisċe sprǣċ** (Nīƿenglisce: *Dutch*, Niðerlendisċ: *Nederlands*) is Ƿestgermanisc sprǣc, þē fram Niðerlande ārās. Hēo is sēo eahta-and-fēoƿertigoðe mǣste gelōmlice "ǣreste sprǣc", and hit hæfþ 23 millionan folces in 2007. Gelōmlice is þæt cynn Niðerlendisċre sprǣce, þe is on Belgican gesprecen, þēo is Flemisc gehāten. In Norþeastum dǣle þæs landes biþ sēo Niðerseaxisce sprǣc gesprecen, Achterhoeks, Drents, Gronings, Sallands, Stellingƿerfs and Tƿents.

Oft ƿierþeþ hit gesægd, þæt Niðerlendisċ bē Englisce and Þēodsce tƿēonum stendeþ, forþǣm þe hit lǣssa grammatisca anƿendednessa þanne Englisc underēode, ac māra þanne Þēodsc. Eac underēode Þēodsc grēate anƿendedness stefnhlyda þe nāhƿæðer ge Englisc ge Niðerlendisċ næfde tōgehrinen ; þus mæh mann secgan, þæt Niðerlendisc nēara Englisc is þanne Þēodsc.

Þā mǣstan Niðerlendisċan ƿord cumað of þǣre Ealdan Germaniscan sprǣce. Sum cumað of Lǣdene and Crēacisce and fēaƿa of Nīƿenglisce and Frencisce. Þæt ƿord *schip* cymð of seolfre orsprunge sƿā Englisc *scip*.

# ]]senunga:==

* sprǣc – *spraak (taal)*
* ofer – *over*
* and – *en*
* burh/burg – *burg*
* fisc – *vis*
* "gōdne morgen" – *„goedemorgen“*
* hātan – *heten*
* ic – *ik*
* sƿeart – *zwart*
* ƿeald – *woud*
* ƿeorðan – *worden*
* ġē - *je*
* biddan- *bidden*
* ƿeorpan - *werpen*
* stede - *stad (pl: steden)*
* helpan - *helpen*

## Geƿritu

* Sē mann hǣteþ Ƿilhelm, he hæfþ mē gesægd þæt ic ǣghƿæt dēores hæfde gestolen
: *De man heet Willem, hij heeft mij gezegd dat ik wat duurs had gestolen*
* Mē þyncþ hit, þæt mann bē þǣre gemǣnþe grēatru ƿununga hæfþ þanne up þǣm būrlande. Ic þence þæt þā ne gelīc sind
: *Mij dunkt het, dat men bij de gemeente grotere woningen heeft dan op het platteland (boerenland). Ik denk dat die niet gelijk zijn*
* Ƿē habbaþ ofer nānum hūse gesprecen, ānlice habbaþ hīe mē geƿune fortæld þæt þǣr midƿeorcere bē ƿunodon
: *We hebben over geen huis gesproken, noch hebben ze mij gewoon verteld dat daar medewerkers bij woonden*

## Eald niðerlendisc
Eald niðerlendisc byð sēo ylce sprǣc sƿa sēo niðere Franconisc hātte (eastern and ƿestern).
Lange se niðerlendisc þōhton hira ieldeste ƿriting ƿǣre:

Nū hycgeþ man þa þes cȳma cƿide bēo eald Centisc and nis þæs ealdan niðerlendiscan gereordes.
Ac þenden sind gifundan oðre cƿidas (on Hloðƿices rihtbēc be naman *[[Lex Salica|Lege Salica]]*). Se ieldest byð: 

Þēah eac sīe mihtelīce þæt ieldest niðerlendiscne bēon þās rún-stæfas læs lēoðlican under-neoþan:

## Ūtanƿearde bendas
* Niðerlendisc Ƿikipǣdia
Ð

**Ð** (**ð**) (oþþe **eð** oþþe **eþ** oþþe **eth**; on Faroisce: *edd*; on Īslendisce: *eð*) is bōcstæf þe is gebrocen in Englisce and Faroisce and Īslendisce. Se stæf is genumen fram þǣm stafe D, þe is mid strican ætīeced. On Englisce, hē tācnaþ þā gegrindstefna [θ] and [ð], ac on Īslendisce, ānfealdlīce tācnaþ hē [ð].
Polisċ sprǣċ

**Polisċ** (Nīƿe Englisc: *Polish*, Polisc: *język polski*) is Westslavisc sprǣc, þē fram Polalande ārās.

## Stæfrōf

## Bisenunga
* sprǣc – *język*
* ofer – *nad*
* and – *i*
* burh/burg – *gród* (oþþe *miasto*)
* fisc – *ryba*
* „gōdne morgen“ – *„dzień dobry“*
* hātan – *nazywać się*
* ic – *ja*
* sƿeart – *czarny*
* weald – *las (pl.: lasy)*
* weorðan – *stawać się*
* gē – *wy*
* biddan - *prosić*
* weorpan - *rzucać*
* helpan - *pomagać*

## Gewritu
* Sē mann is Wilhelm gehāten, he hæfþ mē gesægd þæt ic ǣghƿæt hæbbe gestolen.
: *Mężczyzna nazywa się Wilhelm. On mi powiedział, że ja coś ukradłem.*
* Mē þyncþ hit, þæt bē þǣre gemǣnþe hæfþ mann grēatru ƿuninga þanne up þǣm būrlande. Ic þence þæt þā ne gelīc sind.
: *Wydaje mi się, że w większych społecznościach są większe mieszkania niż na wsi. Myślę, że nie są takie same*
* Wē habbaþ ofer nānum hūse gesprecen, ānlice habbaþ hīe mē gewunelice fortæld þæt þǣrbē leofdon midweorcere
: *Nie rozmawialiśmy o żadnym mieszkaniu, tylko powiedziano mi, że tam mieszkali pracownicy.*

## Ūtanwearde bendas
* Polisc Wicipǣdia
Gotisc sprǣc

Sēo **Gotisce  sprǣc** (Nīƿenglisc: *Gothic*, Gotisc: *gutisko razda*, *𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺*) is Ēastgermanisc sprǣc, þe fram Gotlande ārās. Hit is gāstlēas sprǣc. Sēo Gotisce sprǣc is gecȳðed æt Ƿulfilan "Codex Argenteus" (þæt mǣneþ "Bōc Seolofres"). Gotisc is ƿriten in Gotiscum stæfrōfe.

## Ūtanƿearde bendas

* Gotisc Ƿikipǣdia
God Nerie þone Cyning

right|200px

**God Save the King** (Englisc: *God nerie þone cyning*) is rīclufung sang of uncūðum ƿrītere. Man brȳcþ hine sƿā þone rīcesang þæs Geānedan Cynerīces, ān tƿēgra rīcesanga Nīƿes Sǣlandes, and þone cynelicsang Canadan and ōðera cyneƿīslicra landa, ēac þone cynelicsang þæs Bryttiscan cynelican hīredes. Þā se Bryttisca ƿealdend mannlic is, ƿierþ se sang **God Save the Queen** (*God nerie þā cƿēne*), sƿā sƿā man hæfþ hit ǣrest gesang.

## Traht

## Sēo ēac
* Oben am jungen Rhein, cynesang Lēohtenstānes.
Oben am jungen Rhein

***Oben am jungen Rhein*** (Þēodisce: *Ufan þǣm geongan Rhīne*) is se cynesang Lēohtenstānes. 

Hē hæfþ þā ilcan sƿinsunge sƿā þæs Geānedan Cynerīces cynesang, *God Save the Queen* (God Nerie þā Cƿēne).  Þā ƿord ƿrāt Jakob Josef Jauch in 1850. Ǣr 1963, ƿæs se forma fers "Oben am deutschen Rhein" (*Ufan þǣm Þēodiscan Rīne*).

## Trahte and Englisce ƿord

## Sēo ēac
**[[Heil dir im Siegerkranz]]*
**[[My Country, Tis of Thee]]*
Eadbald

**Eadbald**, sunu Æðelbryhtes, cyninges Centrices, wæs an þara cyninga Centrices. He feng to rice æfter his fæderes deaðe in 616 AD. He ricsode fram 616 to 640, 34 geara, ǣr þǣm þe he forþferde in 640 AD.
Ēadgār Engla Cyning

thumb|right|Ēadgar Engla Cyning
**Ēadgār** (), ōðer sunu Ēadmundes, and suna sunu Ælfrēdes Miclan. Ēadgār, in 955 AD, fēng tō rīce Miercena, and æt þǣm dēaðe his brōðor Ēadƿīges in 959 AD fēng he eac tō rīce Ƿestseaxena and Norþhymbrena. Hē rīcsode ofer him 16 ƿintra. Þus ƿæs hē 20 ƿintrum cyning, fram 955 – 975 AD.

Ēadgar ƿæs to cyninge gehalgod in 973 on ðære ealdan byrig Acemannesceastre, oðre ƿorde beornas Baðan nemnaþ. Ealdan bēc tellaþ þe þær ƿæs blis micel on þam eadgan dæge	eallum geƿorden,þone niða bearn nemnað 7 cigað Pentecostenes dæg.

Ēadgar cyning hēt man "Sē Friþsum" forðæm ðe in his dagum ne cƿōm ne Dene noþðe Norþmenn Engle to hergienne.
Denemearc

**Denemearc** is þæt land þara Dena. Hēo stent ofer Þeodsclande, and hire lēodas sprecaþ on Denisċe. Hire hēafodburg is Ceapmannahæfen ().

Denemearc hæfþ maniġe īeġa and Æotaland, þe is landfæst mid Europan, and belȳcþ ēac Greneland and þā Faroisca Īega, þā sindon ǣlċ selfwealdenda.

## Stær and iela
Wulfstan sciphlaford gtealde Ælfrede Cyninge of Denemearces iega on his fare to Truso:

## Fruman
Dūnstān

thumb|right|Dūnstān

**Dūnstān** ƿæs sanct in Enȝlalande þe ƿæs ȝeboren in þǣm 909. ȝēare æfter Crīste and forþfērde in þǣm 988. ȝēare.
Englisc

Þæt word **Englisc** mæg mǣnan:

* Englaland
* Þæt Englisce folc
* Seo Englisce sprǣc
* Seo Nīƿenglisce sprǣc