Saipan

**Saipan kanatal** (Inkiris: Saipan), no Amilika tekedan kanatal ’amis Maliana palapalaan, sa’alomanay tamdaw itini. Nia pala saheto o raka, kaetip ira ko kasafanaw, lotok manayat nai timol tala’amis. Satakaraway Tapoca lotok ira ko 479 laya’ takaraw.

Ka’amis Maliana palapalaan mapakoniraay kadademakan no Saipan kanatal a Kapitorsir, nikawrira polong no Saipan kanatal o masacecayay maci, polong no mitiliday o tadamaanay a Saipan kanatal ko ’amis Maliana palapalaan.

## Palaan (地理)
Saipan kanatal i no’amisan 15.25˚, nawalian 145.75˚ ko aro’, sa’amisan no Kuam 200 kongli. Katimol no Saipan kanatal (laed no Kuam) ira ko ’amis Maliana a Lota pala ato Tinning palapala, nikawrira ka’amisay no Saipan kanatal adihayay ka’etal awaay tamdaw.

Saipan kanatal ira ko 120 pinfang kongli, 2000 miheca pisa’osi 62,392 ko tamdaw, oya 10,000 ko tamdaw o no Asiya. O kasalaya’ no Saipan kanatal 20 kongli, o kakahad ira ko 9 kongli, o taporo ko adihayay. O tafok ko Ka’etip, papotal adihay ko raka, kawali o karakaratan, 474 laya’ ko takaraw, mido’edo to ka’etip o kasafanaw.

## Likisi (歷史)
I 16 tangasa 19 sici o Sepaniya ko mikowanay to Saipan kanatal, i Maliyana palapalaan a yincumin tamdaw nao makowanay no Sepaniya ko micingcingay patangican mapatayra i Kuam. Ikor i Camolo tamdaw mapalafac nai Kuam patala’amis, itiya o Kalolin palapalaan ko maro’ay i Saipan kanatal, orasaka Kalolin a sowal tahanini ka’amis Maliyana palapala ato Calomo sowal ato Inkilis ko sakasasowal no kitakit.

I 1899 miheca naikoran kalalood no Amilika ato Sepaniya a mapidah ko Sepaniya, macalap no Amilika nai Sepaniya, ma’aca ko Kuam, nikawrira awaay ko harateng to saki Mikelonisiya a ’etal a romaroma pala. O Sepaniya mamiliyas kawaliay no Asiya a Saipan kanatal mapa’aca i Toic. Nika saka 1 kalalood malowid ko Toic, o Dipong ko micadaay mikowan to nikowanan no Toic a pala, itiya mapatorod no kasakitakit mikowan, i laloma’ay no katimolay Taypinyang (Nanyo) pikowan. Itiya, panganganen no Dipong ko Saipan kanatal “Macengelay kopang kanatal”. O sakapatireng no Saipan kanatal nai pikowan no Dipong itiya, macowat ko pisatefos ato pifotingan. O sakapihaen o sakanga’ayaw no Dipong ato Saipan kanatal to pipacomahad konian. Nai 1930 mihecaan misatapang, ira ko kacalemceman no Taypinyang, mipali’ayaw patireng ko Dipong to sapihadimel demak, i 1941 miheca mipacomod ko Dipong to hitay 3 ’ofad ko tamdaw, o sapisapilipalaw to Kuam i 12 folad 8 romi’ad (malecad ko romi’ad i Cencokang a demak).

I 1944 miheca 6 folad 15 romi’ad sofitay no Amilika nai katimol no kanatal micakat, masaso’ayaw malalood to Dipong 3 a lipay, ikor malowid ko Dipong, o sowal i rayray “Kalalood i Saipan kanatal” (Battle of Saipan). O holiwot “milepelay to fali a demak” (Windtalkers) a ika mapasadak.

I 1947 miheca, Linhoko patorod patireng to pikowan to Taypinyang, o Amilika ko mamikowan, o Saipan kanatal kacitodong. 1962 miheca, nipatorodan a nikowanan a Maliyana ’etalay finawlan midemak to sapihayda, mahayda ato Kuam mapapolong ko pacakat, nikawrira o no Kuam a Camolo tamdaw maingtel ho to no Saipan kanatal a Camolo tamdaw I kalaloodan mipadang to Dipong ko demak saan, o pipacakatan a sapihayda caay ka kahi ko Kuam. 1970 mihecaan, Amilika ato Linhoko milayap to salongoc no Maliyana ’etal finawlan, miliyas to romaroma pala to nipatorod a makowan misacecay to Amilika malaliclic masasowal. 1975 miheca, masasi tilid to “Malalitelek” (covenant). 1978 miheca 1 folad, “ ka’amis Maliyana kanatal” mapatireng, patireng to niya pikowan a sifo, 1986 miheca 11 folad satapang mala no Amilika a sera,yincumin ato ikoray laloma’ay ko sakowan a masofocay malafinawlan no Amilika.

## Syakay ato kicay (社會與經濟)
Nao “Malalitelek” a dotoc no ’amis Malianaa ci todongay to sapicomod no riyar ato kasadak ato poeneray kinaira a sapikowan a longoc, pasadak to dafong caay ka cisata ato mapatilid to “no Amilika nisanga’an” sanay tilid, kaloriko nisanga’an i 1980 miheca ranikay comahad i Saipan kanatal, kacomahadan (2000 mihecaan ’ayaw ikor) mipacomod to romaay kitakit a mataualay (o fafahiyan no congko ko ’alomanay) 1 ’ofad ko tamdaw. Roma a kalingadan mitadi’ec to roma kitakit matayalay, tinako  Filipin ko iloma’ay mipadang to timolay Asiya misimaway.

Saipan kanatal roma a sakaci’icel no kicay. Matiya o Kuam, Saipan kanatal i 1970 miheca mapalwad ko pirakarakatan. Nawhani Saipan kanatalmingata to Dipong, mitongal to rayray, o lafang nai Dipongay (halo mapatayay no hitay i Kuwan, anoeca o tato’asan mapatay ko salawina mitaong), ano o kacatan no hihecan ira to 10 ’ofad no hecaan.

Tona malokelon ko pisanga’ to riko’ ato malowan ko mirarakatay tamdaw, halafinay to eca ko nga’ay no kicay no Saipan kanatal, nanoya i 2014 miheca palasawaday to ko pipakiyaw. Nanoya, kali’aca’acaan mapatireng ko pipakiyawan. 2015 miheca, Saipan kanatal mafohat ko pipakiyawan micomod to ko nai Congko a tamdaw micomod to ko payso; nanoya, o pocay a kosi pasayra i romaroma Taypinyang kasapalapala patireng to adihayay pisalamaan a hotilo[1].

I 2009 miheca, o sifo mapalasawad ko sapitoki a sacomod to 45 romi’ad, saka no Saipan kanatal a ka’amisay Maliana pala dengan caayay pitoki a sacomod to sera no Amilika, itiya o citiyaday no Congko masolot tayni misofoc saka cingangan to Amilika. midotoc ka’amis Maliana palapala saosi no sifo, citiyaday a fafahiyan no Congko masofocay matongal ko Amilika wawa, nai 2009 miheca 8 macakat tangasa 2016 miheca a 472 ko wawa. 2016 miheca, i Saipan kanatal masofocay a citiyaday no Congko makikaka to no Amilika ko ’aloman[2].

O lalingaden no Saipan kanatal, cowa to ka’awid to no pirarakatan ato katayni no roma tamdaw no kitakit a tayal ko sakaira no kicay, nikawrira mapalowad macakat, nilingadan to ’afinong, tefos, panay, pawli, kiyasafa.

## Ngataay miheca no kacowat (近年發展)
Midoedo to kaserer a kicay no Dipong, mahaop ko sakirarakat a tayal, mangaleh i 2005 miheca pahater ko Kaefer hikoki no Dipong i Saipan kanatal a hikokiciw itiya. Pasayraay i Taywan, Koriya, Congko, ngalef i Elose (sawalian) ko lafang, nika caayto pakalolol to kalasawad to no Dipong ko kacango’ot.

Pisanga’ to riko’, nai 2005 miheca mafalic to ko sakisata no kalali’aca kasacefang no hekal, i kalalifelifet maserer ko Saipan kanatal, malalinah tayra romo kitakit ato malaedef, tangasa 2007 miheca dengan to o kalitosa. I 2007 miheca Amilika a Mincotang ma’awid ko pikaykian no finawlan ko tamdaw, malaheci ko patireng to kacakat to kinaira no malingaday, 2007 miheca to kalitosa misatapang 1 toki to 3.05 Amilika payso mapacakat to 0.05 Amilika payso (mapatodongay ko kahecad). Tangasa to i 2009 miheca 2 folad, oya dengan a 30 ko misarikoay kaysya laheci sato a maedef.

2008 miheca, o pikaykian no finawlan kitakit no Amilika masowal “kapolongan” (federalization) a rikec, i 2009 miheca 6 folad 1 romi’ad mapolong mirepet to sakowan to picomodan sa’amisay Maliana palapalaan. O malingaday a roma kitakit tamdaw miliyaw a misetek to kasatelek a romi’ad o Amilika sifo ko pafeliay to sapicomod, nanoya malowan to ko tamdaw no roma kitakit. Oromasato, o “kapolongan” malakomod to no Kuam ato ka’amisay Maliana palapala caay pitoki a mirarakat i sakowan no Amilika.

Midotoc to saki Sera a rihadaypo no Amilika i 2009 miheca 1 folad a mihapiw, o Congko ato Elose kitakit caay ka citodong tonini a hakanga’ay. 3 folad, o Sera a rihadaypo no Amilika mihapiw to sa’amis Maliana palapala a pikowan to sapicomod a pikowan manayar tangasa 11 folad 28 romi’ad. Tangasa saka 10 folad, mihapiw haca to pararonoray demak, i pikowan pala “sawad” sanay to Kaefer no hikoki no Congko ato Elose micomod i sa’amis Maliana palapala to mamoko’ay romi’ad mirarakat, caay to pisingsi to Amilika pitoki.

### Fa’edetay picomod a payso no Congko (中國大陸熱錢湧入)
Nai Saipan kanatal ato Congko 4 ko toki Kaefer no hikoki. I 2015 mihecaan, Saipan kanatal misatapang to ko tamdaw no Congko tayni mipakiyaw, nanoya macakat ko “nitengilan sowal” ma’awid to ko no Makaw ta’angay pakiyawan. Toni a miheca, o kalolalan papakafit ko tilid no Congko a kacipinangan, ira to manengneng ko kali’acaan no kowaping, kakomaenan ato KTV kalihololan.

Nikawrira, o micomoday no kinaira no sifo to enemay no cecay (6/1) to pipakiyawan, picomod no pipakiyaw a demak awaay ko saka falic no punka ato tataparan a nanengnengan[3][4][5][6][7].

## Sakitingwa kalocalay (電信通訊)
sa’amis Maliana palapala a tingwa o no ka’amis no Amilika +1, ’etal 670.

### Paratohay a raciw pifetiran (廣播電台發射站)
Saipan kanatal ira ko mamoko’ay pafitiran, nao Super Rock KYOI raciw (oni a pipafetir o radiw aca), “Keristokiw kakak taneng singpong” patirengay a taneng kasakitakit paratohay pifetiran saki Asiya a mamoko’ay pifitiran (oroma i Tingning pala). Tona mapaterep kona tosaay a pifetiran, makotay no licikay saki Congko, ’Amis Koriya, Yinan, Minting, Laos, Campotiya kitakit paratoh to pakoniya Asiya raciw a kamok, ikor o Kanata kasakitakit paratoh pifetir micaliw to pifetiran, paratoh to caay kasamaan sowal no Congko kamok. Tahamatini mapafetiray a ’icel tahira i 250 kilowat aca, ano awaay ko kalananganaw, o piparatoh manga’ay ko katengil no nia faeday a kitakit.

## Pinengnengan tilid.(參考資料)
1. Amilika Saipan kanatal: picomod to fa’edetay pakiyawan, o Congko ko tadalafang. Singcoanmi tilifi 8 calay singpon. [2016-12-12]. (nano nina’angan tilid i 2019-01-17) (Congko sowal (Singkapo)).

2. Jon Emont. Itini tona mamangay pala i Taypinyang, masacicingay ina no Congko masofoc ko wawa i Amilika. Walce sinpong Congko calay. 2017 mheca 12 folad 28 romi’ad [2017-12-28]. (nano nina’angan tilid I 2017-12-28).

3.Liwoypin. nipisolot to lafang no Congko mipakiyaw i Saipan kanatal, paca’of ko papotalaypo. Congko calay. 2016-12-05 [2016-12-12]. (nano nina’angan tilid i 2020-10-22), (Congko tilid (Congko)).

4. Overseas casinos clean up despite China's cash curbs. Reuters. 2016-12-11 [2016-12-12]. (nano nina’angan tilid i 2021-02-23) (Inkilis).

5. HK-listed Imperial Pacific to invest $7 bln in Saipan casino complex. Reuters. 2016-09-25 [2016-12-12]. (nano nina’angan tilid i 2021-02-23) (Inkilis).

6. Macau junket investor to build $3 billion Saipan casino. Reuters. 2016-08-13 [2016-12-12]. (nano nina’angan tilid i 2021-02-23) (Inkilis).

7. Pakefet to payso ko Campotiya kitakit i Saipan kanatal micefis to pipakiyaw no Congko a lafang. Congse calay sinpong. [2016-12-12]. (nano nina’angan tilid i 2021-02-23) (Congko tilid Taywan).