Gambia

## Kanpiya Kapolongan Kitakit
(**甘比亞共和國**; Ikiris a sowal: *Republic of the Gambia*; 通稱**甘比亞**; Ikiris a sowal: *The Gambia*）

O itiraay i saka’etipan no Afrika,5 mataliyok no Sayniciyaer ko sera, o kakahad ira ko 11,295 km², o sasafaay a kitakit i Afrika.

Mihefalat a romakat ko Kanpiya-’Alo tona kitakit pasitira i Tasiyang-Riyara micomod. 1965 miheca, miliyas to pikowan no Ikiris a misiiked patireng to niyah a kitakit. o polong a tamdaw ira 191 ’ofad (2014 mihecaan a sa’osi), o sasafaay ko kacomahad itini i hekal. 

## '''Ngangan no kitakit''' (國名)
Ona “Kanpiya” hananay a sowal o nani sowal no Mantinka (*kambra/kambaa)[https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%81%E5%93%A5%E8%AF%AD], o* Kanpiya –‘Alo Sanany ko imi ona sowal. Do’edoen ko Sifo’ay-Spay (no Amirika) a nipasadakan a tilid, Midemakay-Lalomaan no kitakit no Amirika, Tawosi-Sinpon a nipasadakan a cicu ato Tahada’ocay-Pangangan Iiknkay no Ikiris, dengan o Kanpiya ko nipacipingan i ka’ayaw no ngangan to “*the*” (o roma i, Pahama). 1965 miheca misiiked to i, laheci han to ko pangangan to Kanpiya. 1970 mihecaan ikor to pilekal patireng to kapolongan kitakit, o malaheciay a ngangan o Kanpiya Kapolongan Kitakit. 2015 miheca saka 12 folad o I’yaway a congtong no Kanpiya ci Yiehayya-Ciyami (葉海亞·賈梅*; Yahya Jammeh)*, falicen ningra to Kanpiya Islam-kapolongan kitakit. 2017 miheca saka 1 folad saka 29 romi’ad Atama-Palo congtong paloloen ho a mifalic patatikor to Kanpiya Kapolongan-kitakit.

## Rikisi (歷史)

O cecay a pecih no Kana Hontian-Kitakit (迦納帝國/瓦加杜; *Wagadou)* ato Sonhay Hontian-Kitakit (桑海帝國; *Empire of Songhai ko Kanpiya*). O satelangay a kirok ono Arapiya a paliwalay tamdaw i saka 9 sici ato saka 10 sici. Patireng ko paliwalay tamdaw no Arapiya to mihefalatay a lalan i Sahara kanahikoan to sapipaliwalaw to koli, ‘ekim ato pacekis no ‘eco. I saka15 sici maala no Potawaya ko iriyaray a lalan to sapipaliwal, itiya i, o cecay no Mali Hotian-Kitakit ko Kanpiya.

1588 miheca i’ayaw no kalahontian no Potawaya a tamdaw ci Antongniaw, mapa’aca ko mitekeday salongoc a kalali’aca i Kanpiya-‘Alo i Ikiris a paliwalay tamdaw, nani Ilisapay sakacecay ko pipawacay tona kalali’acan. 1618 miheca, honti no Ikiris ci Camusi sakacecay paliwalen ningra i kosi no Ikiris ato Msa’ekimay-Salawacan no riyar (aniniay a Kana kitakit) a katatilidan tona kalali’aca ko sapipawacay.nani 1651 miheca tahira I 1661 miheca ma’aca no wawa no Kurlan hoti ci Yakopo-Kotole ko Kanpiya, malamikowanan no Polan-Litawan Patatekoan kitakit ko Kanpiya. Itiya ho o nikowanan no Polan ko Kurlan.

Nani saikoran no saka 17 sici misatapang tahira i kaleponan no saka 18 sici, cacorocorok sa ko Inkelan ato Fransu a mala’afas to sapikowanaw to sieci ato kali’aca tayal no Kanpiya. 1783 miheca matatilid to Fanersay-Karihaday Kakaketonan (《凡爾賽條約》或《凡爾賽和約》; Fransu a sowal: *Traité de Versailles*; Ikiris a sowal: *Treaty of Versailles)* laheci sato ko kamaro’ no Ikiris to Kanpiya kitakit, nikawrira, ma’osaw ho no Fransu ko i saka’amisay lawac no Kanpiya-‘Alo a malala’eday sera *(exclave)*, tahira to i 1857 miheca nga’ pafeli han to i Ikiris.

Itini i tolo so’ot ko mihecaan a pakariyaray a paliwal to koli, mata’elif ko 3 so’ot ‘ofad a koli nani tiniay i Kanpiya a palowad. 1807 miheca palasawaden no Ikiris Hontian-Kitakit ko kali’aca to koli, itira ko sapitakeraw no Ikiris to kali’aca to koli, nikawrira, cowa ka laheci. 1816 miheca pa’aroen no Ikiris ko sofitay i Pasosto (aniniay a Pancu). Ikora to no nini Layong-tolos a sotok no Ikiris ko mikowanay to Pancu. 1888 miheca palaliyasen ko Kanpiya a misiiked, 1889 miheca malasakowan no Ikiris. Nikawrira,o nili’etanan i Kanpiya caay ko mamalawis ko kaadihay no sakatayal a payso, kinapinapina a pacoli ko Kalisa’otan-Kitakit to sapilowanaw to sakowan ano ca sapipalasawadaw, nikawrira, mitoker ko Riyaran-Sofitay i Cinoya to sapipalasawadaw to kali’aca to koli, sa caay ka piliyas tona Kanpiya.

Iikor no Sakatos-Lalood no Hekal, macaloh to sapisongila’aw to sieci a faco. 1962 miheca a kapolongan sinkiw, mahayi no roma a kitakit ko kalaheci no niyah-pikowan to lalomaan demak. 1965 miheca saka 2 folad saka 18 romi’ad laheci sato ko Kanpiya a misiiked, mapatireng ko Hontian-Rikec a kitakit I laloma no Tata'akay Ikiris a Lekatep (大英國協; Ikiris a sowal: *Commonwealth of Nations*). I 1970 miheca saka 4 folad saka 24 romi’ad, midemak to Kapolongan-Pitopa to pikaheci a patireng to Kapolongan-Kitakit.i’ayaw no pakakowangay-pifelih no sofitay i 1994 miheca, ci [Tawuta-Kaylapa-Ciyawala](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E8%BE%BE%E4%B9%8C%E8%BE%BE%C2%B7%E8%B4%BE%E7%93%A6%E6%8B%89#/media/File:Dawda_Jawara_(1979).jpg) (Sir *Dawda Kairaba David Kweissi Jawara)* ko malacongtongay, kana’enemay a pararid malacongtong.i 1994 miheca saka 7 folad, patireng to pacarcaray a Mamatayal-Iinkay (*The Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council, AFPRC)* mifelih a palasawad to kalacongtong ni Ciyawala, o kakeridan no sofitay ci Tiehaya-Ciyami (*Yahya A.J.J. Jammeh)* ko malatapangay no kitakit.

2013 miheca saka 10 folad saka 2 romi’ad, milekal to piliyas to Tata'akay Ikiris a Lekatep. Saka 11 folad saka 14 romi’ad, o kaci’epoc no kitakit a demak sa a milekal to palasawad malawidang ato Ciwka-Minkok. 2015 miheca saka 12 folad saka 11 romi’ad, milakal ci Yiehaya-Ciyami to pifalic to ngangan no kitakit to Islam-Kapolongan kitakit, to sapipahapinangaw to ka’aloman no mitooray to Islam ato mi’ecoay mikowan a rikis, nikawrira, mifelihay to Tatapangan-Rikec no kitakit sa ko pipacoli no mitokeray cefang. 2016 miheca saka 12 folad, malowid ni [Atama-Paro](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E9%98%BF%E9%81%94%E9%A6%AC%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E7%BE%85#/media/File:Adama_Barrow,_President,_Republic_of_the_Gambia_-_2018_(cropped).jpg) ci Ciyami i sinkiw no congtong, cakayoyang ci Ciyami caka patorod to salongoc no sakowan no kitakit, ikor to adihay to ko pipenec no roma a kitakit, foraw sato ci Ciyami tayra i roma a kitakit. 2017 miheca saka 1 folad, oya maalaay to sinkiw no congtong ci Atama-Paro patatikoren ho ko ngangan no kitakit to Kanpiya-Kapolongan kitakit.

## Kaitiraan (地理)

Itiraay I saka’etipan no Afrika karopaw, sahetoay o dafdaf no salawacan no Kanpiya-‘alo, masadasdasay ko faco no sera, nani tongroh no riyar ira ko 40-50 laya’. Sato’edaw a ma’ipoc, micomod i Sanikar-kapolongan kitakit. Mihifalat ko rakat nani kawali tara’etip ko Kanpiya-‘Alo, ta micomod i Taysiyang-Riyar. O fa’etay ko kakarayan itini, kodefet ko rakat no nanom, orasak adihay ko malafanaway no fodo’ to kasasiroma no kakarayan, o mamangay a tamina manga’ay a romakat i Kanpiya-‘alo to masaradesay no miheca tahira i kalalaedan no kitakit, i kafodo’an ira ko 5,79 laya ko pirecepan to nanom a tamina tahiraay miso’edac 240 km tangasa i Kontawr.

## '''Sapili’etan''' (經濟)
Tada o manikaway to kinaira no palapalaan ko Kanpiya a kitakit, o sakakaay a sapili’etan o pisalamaan no lafang, do’edo sa i, o palaliyon a paliwal to dafong ato liomah, o misanga’ay to dafong a kofa rakrak sanay i tata’angay niyaro’ Sayerkonta-si ato lawac no tatayra i Pancu-si a lalan. O tadahecek no sapili’etan no kitakit ko pisalamaan no lafang, nikawrira, tona pinapina a mihecaan malowan ko sata no taliyokay kitakit, ono niyah sa a kitakit macakat, orasaka, away to koya kahemaway ko sata sanay kakahemekan no nipaliwalay to dafong a tamdaw, o pipsasiwar a micolo’ to dafong a tayal sa mamiming sanay to. o nipalomaan no liomah i, o kodasing, panay ato ‘alilay. Cowa ka hakowa ko misamatangan a omah, adihay ko hadhad, ora cowa ka hakowa a liomah i,dengan i ka’oradan a palama to losay, sowalaw, caay ka ‘edeng to kaka’enen, mi’acaan nani roma a kitakit ko kaka’enen ato dafong.

## '''Tamdaw ato pitooran''' (人口與宗教)

I 2014 mihecaan a sa’osi ira ko 191 ‘ofad ko tamdaw no Kanpiya. O sakakaay a finacadan ira ko Mantinko-finacadan (mahaop ko 42%), Fola-finacadan (Poer finacadan hananay ho a pangangan, mahaop ko 16%), Wolofo-finacadan (mahaop ko 16%), Cula-finacadan (mahaop ko 10%) ato Saylafuli-finacadan (mahaop ko 9%). Latek ira ko pinapina a patek ko kohecalay tamdaw, o Yoropa ato Lipanen a tamdaw. 

No sifoan a sowal o Ikiris a sowal, no finacadan a sowal o Mantinko-sowal, Wolofo-sowal, Fola-sowal (Poer-sowal) ato Saylafuli-sowal. 

Mahaop ko 90% a tamdaw no Kanpiya o mitooray to Islam-Pitooran, o ‘osaw to i,o Fa’elohay-Misakeristoay, tinsikiw ato mita’ongay to maamaan.ira ko 95% a tamdaw no Kanpiya o Muslim, mikapotay ko Kanpiya to Kaloma’ocan-Islam a Lekatep. 

O finacadan no Kanpiya awaay ko kalali’ang, o cecay a finacadan ira kono niyah a sowal ato pinangan.19 o Ikiris a sowal kono sifoan a sowal. 

Itiyay ho i 1993 miheca a sa’osi ira ko 63% a tamdaw maro’ay i niyaro’, nawhani, matongalmatongal ko kapah miliyas to niyaro’ tayra misatokay a matayal ato mitilid. I 2003 miheca a pisa’osi , adihay to ko mitoro’an no sifo a malataokay, orasaka, samamang sato ko kalala’ed no ‘orip no i tokayay ato i niyaro’ay. O kamaro’ i tokay, halaka no sapipatirengaw to loma’ ato mitoor tono aniniay a ‘orip, fana’ sanay to ko tamdaw no Kanpiya to pinangan ato harateng no ‘epoc no Sa’etipay-kitakit. nikawrira, ono to’asan a pinangan misalimelaay to kapolongan loma’ ato maninaay, riko’ no to’as ato ilisin.

## Pacefaday a tilid (註腳)
Kasasiwasiw:Pasawalian 'Amis


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