Cyathea

***Cyathea*** is 'n genus van boomvarings, die tipegenus van die varingorde Cyatheales.

Die genusnaam *Cyathea* is afgelei van die Grieks *kyatheion* wat "klein beker" beteken en verwys na die bekervormige sori aan die onderkant van die vaarblaaie.

## Beskrywing 
Die spesies van *Cyathea* is meestal terrestriële varings, gewoonlik met 'n enkele, lang stam. Die stam is selde vertak of kruipend. Baie spesies ontwikkel ook 'n veselagtige massa van wortels aan die basis van die stam.

Die genus het 'n pantropiese verspreiding met meer as 470 spesies. Hulle groei in habitatte van tropiese reënwoud tot matige woud.

## Klassifikasie 
Conant *et al.* kom in 1996 op grond van molekulêre chloroplast-DNS- en morfologiese bewyse tot die gevolgtrekking dat 'n stelsel van drie klades – *Alsophila*, *Cyathea* en *Sphaeropteris* – die akkuraatste weerspieëling van evolusionêre geslagslyne binne die Cyatheaceae was, met *Alsophila* die basaalste  en *Cyathea* en *Sphaeropteris* afgeleide sustergroepe. In die klassifikasie van Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group van 2016 (PPG I) word hierdie as aparte genera aanvaar, naamlik *Alsophila*, *Cyathea* en *Sphaeropteris*.

### Spesies 
* *Cyathea acutidens*
* *Cyathea aemula*
* *Cyathea alata*
* *Cyathea albomarginata*
* *Cyathea alphonsiana*
* *Cyathea alstonii*
* *Cyathea amazonica*
* *Cyathea andina*
* *Cyathea arborea*
* *Cyathea armata*
* *Cyathea ars*
* *Cyathea aspera*
* *Cyathea asplenioides* sinoniem: *Hymenophyllopsis asplenioides*
* *Cyathea atahuallpa*
* *Cyathea aterrima*
* *Cyathea atrovirens*
* *Cyathea barringtonii*
* *Cyathea* × *bernardii*
* *Cyathea bettinae*
* *Cyathea bicrenata*
* *Cyathea bipinnata*
* *Cyathea boliviana*
* *Cyathea borinquena*
* *Cyathea bradei*
* *Cyathea brevistipes*
* *Cyathea brunnescens*
* *Cyathea* × *calolepis*
* *Cyathea capensis*
* *Cyathea caracasana*
* *Cyathea cicatricosa*
* *Cyathea concordia*
* *Cyathea conformis*
* *Cyathea conjugata*
* *Cyathea corallifera*
* *Cyathea costaricensis*
* †*Cyathea cranhamii*
* *Cyathea ctenitoides* sinoniem: *Hymenophyllopsis ctenitoides*
* *Cyathea cyatheoides*
* *Cyathea cyclodium*
* *Cyathea cystolepis*
* *Cyathea darienensis*
* *Cyathea decomposita*
* *Cyathea decorata*
* *Cyathea decurrens*
* *Cyathea dejecta* sinoniem: *Hymenophyllopsis dejecta*
* *Cyathea delgadii*
* *Cyathea demissa*
* *Cyathea dichromatolepis*
* *Cyathea dissimilis*
* *Cyathea dissoluta*
* *Cyathea divergens*
* *Cyathea dombeyi*
* *Cyathea dregei*
* *Cyathea dudleyi*
* *Cyathea ebenina*
* *Cyathea estelae*
* *Cyathea falcata*
* *Cyathea frigida*
* *Cyathea fulva*
* *Cyathea furfuracea*
* *Cyathea gardneri*
* *Cyathea gibbosa*
* *Cyathea glauca*
* *Cyathea gracilis*
* *Cyathea halonata*
* *Cyathea harrisii*
* *Cyathea haughtii*
* *Cyathea hemiepiphytica*
* *Cyathea hirsuta*
* *Cyathea hodgeana*
* *Cyathea holdridgeana*
* *Cyathea howeana*
* *Cyathea hymenophylloides* sinoniem: *Hymenophyllopsis hymenophylloides*
* *Cyathea impar*
* *Cyathea incognita* sinoniem: *Hymenophyllopsis incognita*
* *Cyathea intramarginalis*
* *Cyathea jamaicensis*
* *Cyathea kalbreyeri*
* *Cyathea lasiosora*
* *Cyathea latevagens*
* *Cyathea lechleri*
* *Cyathea leucofolis*
* *Cyathea* × *lewisii*
* *Cyathea lockwoodiana*
* *Cyathea macrocarpa*
* *Cyathea macrosora*
* *Cyathea manniana*
* *Cyathea marginalis*
* *Cyathea microdonta*
* *Cyathea microphylla*
* *Cyathea microphylla*
* *Cyathea mucilagina*
* *Cyathea multiflora*
* *Cyathea multisegmenta*
* *Cyathea myosuroides*
* *Cyathea nanna*
* *Cyathea nesiotica*
* *Cyathea nigripes*
* *Cyathea nodulifera*
* *Cyathea notabilis*
* *Cyathea onusta*
* *Cyathea palaciosii*
* *Cyathea paladensis*
* *Cyathea pallescens*
* *Cyathea parianensis*
* *Cyathea parva*
* *Cyathea parvula*
* *Cyathea pauciflora*
* *Cyathea petiolata*
* *Cyathea phalaenolepis*
* *Cyathea phalerata*
* *Cyathea phegopteroides*
* *Cyathea pilosissima*
* *Cyathea pinnula*
* *Cyathea platylepis*
* *Cyathea poeppigii*
* *Cyathea praecincta*
* *Cyathea pseudonanna*
* *Cyathea pubens*
* *Cyathea punctata*
* *Cyathea pungens*
* *Cyathea robertsiana*
* *Cyathea rufa*
* *Cyathea ruiziana*
* *Cyathea sagittifolia*
* *Cyathea schiedeana*
* *Cyathea schlimii*
* *Cyathea senilis*
* *Cyathea simplex*
* *Cyathea sipapoensis*
* *Cyathea speciosa*
* *Cyathea squamulosa*
* *Cyathea steyermarkii*
* *Cyathea stipularis*
* *Cyathea stokesii*
* *Cyathea stolzei*
* *Cyathea straminea*
* *Cyathea subtropica*
* *Cyathea suprastrigosa*
* *Cyathea surinamensis*
* *Cyathea tenera*
* *Cyathea tepuiana* sinoniem: *Hymenophyllopsis steyermarkii*
* *Cyathea tortuosa*
* *Cyathea trichiata*
* *Cyathea trichomanoides* sinoniem: *Hymenophyllopsis superba*
* *Cyathea tryonorum*
* *Cyathea universitatis* sinoniem: *Hymenophyllopsis universitatis*
* *Cyathea ursina*
* *Cyathea valdecrenata*
* *Cyathea venezuelensis*
* *Cyathea villosa*
* *Cyathea weatherbyana*
* *Cyathea wendlandii*
* *Cyathea werffii*
* *Cyathea williamsii*

### Onsekere of twyfelagtige taksons 
* *Alsophila crassa* Karsten, 1869
* *Cyathea affinis* M. Martens & Galeotti, 1842

### Verkeerd toegewese taksons 
* *Cyathea abitaguensis* (Domin) Domin, 1930 = *Cnemidaria uleana*
* *Cyathea antillana* Domin, 1930 = *Cnemidaria grandifolia*
* *Cyathea aristata* Domin, 1930 = *Cnemidaria apiculata*
* *Cyathea choricarpa* (Maxon) Domin, 1929 = *Cnemidaria choricarpa*
* *Cyathea commutata* Sprengel, 1804 = *Cnemidaria horrida*
* *Cyathea decurrentiloba* Domin, 1930 = *Cnemidaria decurrens*
* *Cyathea elegantissima* (Fée) Domin, 1929 = *Cnemidaria decurrens*
* *Cyathea ewanii* Alston, 1958 = *Cnemidaria ewanii*
* *Cyathea grandifolia* Willdenow, 1810 = *Cnemidaria grandifolia*
* *Cyathea grandis* (Maxon) Domin, 1929 = *Cnemidaria mutica*
* *Cyathea guatemalensis* (Maxon) Domin, 1929 = *Cnemidaria decurrens*
* *Cyathea horrida* (Linnaeus) J. E. Smith, 1793 = *Cnemidaria horrida*
* *Cyathea imrayana* (W. J. Hooker) Domin, 1929 = *Cnemidaria grandifolia*
* *Cyathea karsteniana* Klotzsch, 1852 = *Cnemidaria karsteniana*
* *Cyathea kohautiana* (Presl) Domin, 1929 = *Cnemidaria grandifolia*
* *Cyathea leprieurii* (Kunze) Domin, 1929 = *Cnemidaria cruciata*
* *Cyathea liebmannii* Domin, 1929 = *Cnemidaria decurrens*
* *Cyathea lucida* (Fée) Domin, 1929 = *Cnemidaria decurrens*
* *Cyathea minita* Kaulfuss, 1824 = *Cnemidaria grandifolia*
* *Cyathea mutica* (Christ) Domin, 1929 = *Cnemidaria mutica*
* *Cyathea obtusa* (Kaulfuss) Domin, 1929 = *Cnemidaria grandifolia*
* *Cyathea roraimensis* (Domin) Domin, 1929 = *Cnemidaria roraimensis*
* *Cyathea spectabilis* (Kunze) Domin, 1929 = *Cnemidaria spectabilis*
** *Cyathea spectabilis* var. *colombiensis* Stolze, 1974 = *Cnemidaria spectabilis* var. *colombiensis*
** *Cyathea spectabilis* var. *longipinna* (Domin) Domin, 1929 = *Cnemidaria spectabilis* var. *spectabilis*
** *Cyathea spectabilis* var. *trinitensis* (Domin) Domin, 1929 = *Cnemidaria spectabilis* var. *spectabilis*
* *Cyathea subarborescens* Domin, 1930 = *Cnemidaria uleana*
* *Cyathea subincisa* (Kunze) Domin, 1929 = *Cnemidaria speciosa*

## Verwysings 
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### Notas 
### Bronne 
* Christenhusz, M.J.M. (2009). New combinations and an overview of *Cyathea* subg. *Hymenophyllopsis* (Cyatheaceae). *Phytotaxa* 1: 37–42.
* Large, M.F. and J.E. Braggins (2004). *Tree Ferns*. Timber Press, Inc. 
* Lehnert, M. (2006). New species and records of tree ferns (Cyatheaceae, Pteridophyta) in the northern Andes. *Organisms, Diversity & Evolution* 6: 321–322, electronic supplement 13: 1-11.
* Lehnert, M. (2009). Three new species of scaly tree ferns (*Cyathea*-Cyatheaceae) from the northern Andes. *Phytotaxa* 2: 43–56.
* The International Plant Names Index

## Eksterne skakels 
* *Cyathea*: World Species List
* *Alsophila*: World Species List
* *Sphaeropteris'': World Species List
* Smith's original description of the genus online at Project Gutenberg
* Community: Care and propagation of Treeferns (German/English)
* Fern Files: Cyathea