npm package: @stdlib/stats-binomial-test
Description: Exact test for the success probability in a Bernoulli experiment.
Author: The Stdlib Authors
Latest version: 0.2.3

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# Binomial Test

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> Exact test for the success probability in a Bernoulli experiment.

<section class="installation">

## Installation

```bash
npm install @stdlib/stats-binomial-test
```

</section>

<section class="usage">

## Usage

```javascript
var binomialTest = require( '@stdlib/stats-binomial-test' );
```

#### binomialTest( x\[, n]\[, opts] )

When supplied nonnegative integers `x` (number of successes in a Bernoulli experiment) and `n` (total number of trials), the function computes an exact test for the success probability in a Bernoulli experiment. Alternatively, `x` may be a two-element array containing the number of successes and failures, respectively.

```javascript
var out = binomialTest( 550, 1000 );
/* returns
    {
        'rejected': true,
        'pValue': ~0.001,
        'statistic': 0.55,
        'ci': [ ~0.519, ~0.581 ],
        // ...
    }
*/

out = binomialTest( [ 550, 450 ] );
/* returns
    {
        'rejected': true,
        'pValue': ~0.001,
        'statistic': 0.55,
        'ci': [ ~0.519, ~0.581 ],
        // ...
    }
*/
```

The returned object comes with a `.print()` method which when invoked will print a formatted output of the results of the hypothesis test. `print` accepts a `digits` option that controls the number of decimal digits displayed for the outputs and a `decision` option, which when set to `false` will hide the test decision.

<!-- run-disable -->

```javascript
console.log( out.print() );
/* e.g., =>
    Exact binomial test

    Alternative hypothesis: True correlation coefficient is not equal to 0.5

        pValue: 0.0017
        statistic: 0.55
        95% confidence interval: [0.5186,0.5811]

    Test Decision: Reject null in favor of alternative at 5% significance level
*/
```

The function accepts the following `options`:

-   **alpha**: `number` in the interval `[0,1]` giving the significance level of the hypothesis test. Default: `0.05`.
-   **alternative**: Either `two-sided`, `less` or `greater`. Indicates whether the alternative hypothesis is that the true ratio of variances is greater than one (`greater`), smaller than one (`less`), or that the variances are the same (`two-sided`). Default: `two-sided`.
-   **p**: success `probability` under the null hypothesis. Default: `0.5`.

By default, the hypothesis test is carried out at a significance level of `0.05`. To choose a different significance level, set the `alpha` option.

```javascript
var out = binomialTest( 59, 100, {
    'alpha': 0.1
});
/* returns
    {
        'rejected': true,
        'pValue': ~0.089,
        'statistic': 0.59,
        'ci': [ ~0.487, ~0.687 ],
        // ...
    }
*/
```

By default, a two-sided test is performed. To perform either of the one-sided tests, set the `alternative` option to `less` or `greater`.

```javascript
out = binomialTest( 550, 1000, {
    'alternative': 'greater'
});
table = out.print();
/** e.g., returns
    Exact binomial test

    Alternative hypothesis: True correlation coefficient is greater than 0.5

        pValue: 0.0009
        statistic: 0.55
        95% confidence interval: [0.5235,1]

    Test Decision: Reject null in favor of alternative at 5% significance level
*/

out = binomialTest( 550, 1000, {
    'alternative': 'less'
});
table = out.print();
/* e.g., returns
    Exact binomial test

    Alternative hypothesis: True correlation coefficient is less than 0.5

        pValue: 0.9993
        statistic: 0.55
        95% confidence interval: [0,0.5762]

    Test Decision: Fail to reject null in favor of alternative at 5% significance level
*/
```

To test whether the success probability in the population is equal to some other value than `0.5`, set the `p` option.

```javascript
var out = binomialTest( 23, 100, {
    'p': 0.2
});
/* returns
    {
        'rejected': false,
        'pValue': ~0.453,
        'statistic': 0.23,
        'ci': [ ~0.152, ~0.325 ],
        // ...
    }
*/

var table = out.print();
/* e.g., returns
    Exact binomial test

    Alternative hypothesis: True correlation coefficient is not equal to 0.2

        pValue: 0.4534
        statistic: 0.23
        95% confidence interval: [0.1517,0.3249]

    Test Decision: Fail to reject null in favor of alternative at 5% significance level
*/
```

</section>

<!-- /.usage -->

<section class="examples">

## Examples

<!-- eslint no-undef: "error" -->

```javascript
var binomialTest = require( '@stdlib/stats-binomial-test' );

var out = binomialTest( 682, 925 );
/* returns
    {
        'rejected': true,
        'pValue': ~3.544e-49,
        'statistic': 0.737,
        'ci': [ ~0.708, ~0.765 ],
        // ...
    }
*/

out = binomialTest( [ 682, 925 - 682 ] );
/* returns
    {
        'rejected': true,
        'pValue': ~3.544e-49,
        'statistic': 0.737,
        'ci': [ ~0.708, ~0.765 ],
        // ...
    }
*/

out = binomialTest( 682, 925, {
    'p': 0.75,
    'alpha': 0.05
});
/* returns
    {
        'rejected': false,
        'pValue': ~0.382
        'statistic': 0.737,
        'ci': [ ~0.708, ~0.765 ],
        // ...
    }
*/

out = binomialTest( 21, 40, {
    'p': 0.4,
    'alternative': 'greater'
});
/* returns
    {
        'rejected': false,
        'pValue': ~0.382,
        'statistic': 0.737,
        'ci': [ ~0.385, 1.0 ],
        // ...
    }
*/
```

</section>

<!-- /.examples -->

<!-- Section for related `stdlib` packages. Do not manually edit this section, as it is automatically populated. -->

<section class="related">

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* * *

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For more information on the project, filing bug reports and feature requests, and guidance on how to develop [stdlib][stdlib], see the main project [repository][stdlib].

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---

## License

See [LICENSE][stdlib-license].


## Copyright

Copyright &copy; 2016-2026. The Stdlib [Authors][stdlib-authors].

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