npm package: @stdlib/simulate-iter-square-wave
Description: Create an iterator which generates a square wave.
Author: The Stdlib Authors
Latest version: 0.2.3

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# iterSquareWave

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> Create an iterator which generates a square wave.

<!-- Section to include introductory text. Make sure to keep an empty line after the intro `section` element and another before the `/section` close. -->

<section class="intro">

A square waveform is represented by the following equation

<!-- <equation class="equation" label="eq:square_waveform" align="center" raw="f(t; \tau, a_{\textrm{min}}, a_{\textrm{max}}, \varphi) = \begin{cases} a_{\textrm{max}} & (t-\varphi) \mod (\tau/2) \\ a_{\textrm{min}} & \textrm{otherwise} \end{cases}" alt="Equation for a square waveform."> -->

<div class="equation" align="center" data-raw-text="f(t; \tau, a_{\textrm{min}}, a_{\textrm{max}}, \varphi) = \begin{cases} a_{\textrm{max}} &amp; (t-\varphi) \mod (\tau/2) \\ a_{\textrm{min}} &amp; \textrm{otherwise} \end{cases}" data-equation="eq:square_waveform">
    <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/stdlib-js/stdlib@5827c258000edcb03496265cdfd372d686b4c656/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/simulate/iter/square-wave/docs/img/equation_square_waveform.svg" alt="Equation for a square waveform.">
    <br>
</div>

<!-- </equation> -->

where `τ` is the period, `a` is the amplitude, and `φ` is the phase offset.

<!-- TODO: add a figure showing a square wave -->

</section>

<!-- /.intro -->

<!-- Package usage documentation. -->

<section class="installation">

## Installation

```bash
npm install @stdlib/simulate-iter-square-wave
```

</section>

<section class="usage">

## Usage

```javascript
var iterSquareWave = require( '@stdlib/simulate-iter-square-wave' );
```

#### iterSquareWave( \[options] )

Returns an iterator which generates a square wave.

```javascript
var it = iterSquareWave();
// returns <Object>

var v = it.next().value;
// returns 1.0

v = it.next().value;
// returns 1.0

v = it.next().value;
// returns 1.0

// ...
```

The returned iterator protocol-compliant object has the following properties:

-   **next**: function which returns an iterator protocol-compliant object containing the next iterated value (if one exists) assigned to a `value` property and a `done` property having a `boolean` value indicating whether the iterator is finished.
-   **return**: function which closes an iterator and returns a single (optional) argument in an iterator protocol-compliant object.

The function supports the following `options`:

-   **period**: period (i.e., the number of iterations before a square wave repeats). This must be an even integer in order to ensure a `50%` duty cycle. Default: `10`.
-   **min**: minimum amplitude. Default: `-1.0`.
-   **max**: maximum amplitude. Default: `1.0`.
-   **offset**: phase offset (in units of iterations; zero-based). A negative offset translates a waveform to the left. A positive offset translates a waveform to the right. Default: `0`.
-   **iter**: number of iterations. Default: `1e308`.

By default, the function returns an iterator which generates a square wave that repeats every `10` iterations. To specify an alternative period, set the `period` option.

```javascript
var opts = {
    'period': 4
};

var it = iterSquareWave( opts );
// returns <Object>

var v = it.next().value;
// returns 1.0

v = it.next().value;
// returns 1.0

v = it.next().value;
// returns -1.0

v = it.next().value;
// returns -1.0

v = it.next().value;
// returns 1.0

// ...
```

To adjust at what point the iterator begins in the waveform cycle, set the phase `offset` option. For example, to translate the waveform to the left,

```javascript
var opts = {
    'period': 6,
    'offset': -2
};

var it = iterSquareWave( opts );
// returns <Object>

var v = it.next().value;
// returns 1.0

v = it.next().value;
// returns -1.0

v = it.next().value;
// returns -1.0

v = it.next().value;
// returns -1.0

v = it.next().value;
// returns 1.0

// ...
```

To translate the waveform to the right,

```javascript
var opts = {
    'period': 6,
    'offset': 2
};

var it = iterSquareWave( opts );
// returns <Object>

var v = it.next().value;
// returns -1.0

v = it.next().value;
// returns -1.0

v = it.next().value;
// returns 1.0

v = it.next().value;
// returns 1.0

v = it.next().value;
// returns 1.0

// ...
```

By default, the function returns an infinite iterator (i.e., an iterator which never ends). To limit the number of iterations, set the `iter` option.

```javascript
var opts = {
    'iter': 2
};
var it = iterSquareWave( opts );
// returns <Object>

var v = it.next().value;
// returns 1.0

v = it.next().value;
// returns 1.0

var bool = it.next().done;
// returns true
```

</section>

<!-- /.usage -->

<!-- Package usage notes. Make sure to keep an empty line after the `section` element and another before the `/section` close. -->

<section class="notes">

## Notes

-   If an environment supports `Symbol.iterator`, the returned iterator is iterable.

</section>

<!-- /.notes -->

<!-- Package usage examples. -->

<section class="examples">

## Examples

<!-- eslint no-undef: "error" -->

```javascript
var iterSquareWave = require( '@stdlib/simulate-iter-square-wave' );

// Create an iterator:
var opts = {
    'period': 10,
    'min': -10.0,
    'max': 10.0,
    'offset': -5,
    'iter': 100
};
var it = iterSquareWave( opts );

// Perform manual iteration...
var v;
while ( true ) {
    v = it.next();
    if ( v.done ) {
        break;
    }
    console.log( v.value );
}
```

</section>

<!-- /.examples -->

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<section class="references">

</section>

<!-- /.references -->

<!-- Section for related `stdlib` packages. Do not manually edit this section, as it is automatically populated. -->

<section class="related">

* * *

## See Also

-   <span class="package-name">[`@stdlib/simulate-iter/pulse`][@stdlib/simulate/iter/pulse]</span><span class="delimiter">: </span><span class="description">create an iterator which generates a pulse waveform.</span>
-   <span class="package-name">[`@stdlib/simulate-iter/sawtooth-wave`][@stdlib/simulate/iter/sawtooth-wave]</span><span class="delimiter">: </span><span class="description">create an iterator which generates a sawtooth wave.</span>
-   <span class="package-name">[`@stdlib/simulate-iter/sine-wave`][@stdlib/simulate/iter/sine-wave]</span><span class="delimiter">: </span><span class="description">create an iterator which generates a sine wave.</span>
-   <span class="package-name">[`@stdlib/simulate-iter/triangle-wave`][@stdlib/simulate/iter/triangle-wave]</span><span class="delimiter">: </span><span class="description">create an iterator which generates a triangle wave.</span>

</section>

<!-- /.related -->

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<section class="main-repo" >

* * *

## Notice

This package is part of [stdlib][stdlib], a standard library for JavaScript and Node.js, with an emphasis on numerical and scientific computing. The library provides a collection of robust, high performance libraries for mathematics, statistics, streams, utilities, and more.

For more information on the project, filing bug reports and feature requests, and guidance on how to develop [stdlib][stdlib], see the main project [repository][stdlib].

#### Community

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---

## License

See [LICENSE][stdlib-license].


## Copyright

Copyright &copy; 2016-2026. The Stdlib [Authors][stdlib-authors].

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<!-- <related-links> -->

[@stdlib/simulate/iter/pulse]: https://www.npmjs.com/package/@stdlib/simulate-iter-pulse

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[@stdlib/simulate/iter/triangle-wave]: https://www.npmjs.com/package/@stdlib/simulate-iter-triangle-wave

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