npm package: @stdlib/stats-base-dists-triangular-mgf
Description: Triangular distribution moment-generating function (MGF).
Author: The Stdlib Authors
Latest version: 0.3.1

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# Moment-Generating Function

[![NPM version][npm-image]][npm-url] [![Build Status][test-image]][test-url] [![Coverage Status][coverage-image]][coverage-url] <!-- [![dependencies][dependencies-image]][dependencies-url] -->

> [Triangular][triangular-distribution] distribution moment-generating function (MGF).

<!-- Section to include introductory text. Make sure to keep an empty line after the intro `section` element and another before the `/section` close. -->

<section class="intro">

The [moment-generating function][mgf] for a [triangular][triangular-distribution] random variable is

<!-- <equation class="equation" label="eq:triangular_mgf_function" align="center" raw="M_X(t) := \mathbb{E}\!\left[e^{tX}\right] = 2\frac{(b\!-\!c)e^{at}\!-\!(b\!-\!a)e^{ct}\!+\!(c\!-\!a)e^{bt}} {(b-a)(c-a)(b-c)t^2}" alt="Moment-generating function (MGF) for a triangular distribution."> -->

<div class="equation" align="center" data-raw-text="M_X(t) := \mathbb{E}\!\left[e^{tX}\right] = 2\frac{(b\!-\!c)e^{at}\!-\!(b\!-\!a)e^{ct}\!+\!(c\!-\!a)e^{bt}} {(b-a)(c-a)(b-c)t^2}" data-equation="eq:triangular_mgf_function">
    <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/stdlib-js/stdlib@51534079fef45e990850102147e8945fb023d1d0/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/stats/base/dists/triangular/mgf/docs/img/equation_triangular_mgf_function.svg" alt="Moment-generating function (MGF) for a triangular distribution.">
    <br>
</div>

<!-- </equation> -->

where `a` is the lower limit, `b` is the upper limit, and `c` is the mode of the distribution. The parameters must satisfy `b > a` and `a <= b <= c`.

</section>

<!-- /.intro -->

<!-- Package usage documentation. -->

<section class="installation">

## Installation

```bash
npm install @stdlib/stats-base-dists-triangular-mgf
```

</section>

<section class="usage">

## Usage

```javascript
var mgf = require( '@stdlib/stats-base-dists-triangular-mgf' );
```

#### mgf( t, a, b, c )

Evaluates the [moment-generating function][mgf] (MGF) for a [triangular][triangular-distribution] distribution with parameters `a` (lower limit), `b` (upper limit), and `c` (mode).

```javascript
var y = mgf( 0.5, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0 );
// returns ~1.021

y = mgf( 0.5, -1.0, 1.0, 0.5 );
// returns ~1.111

y = mgf( -0.3, -20.0, 0.0, -2.0 );
// returns ~24.334

y = mgf( -2.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0 );
// returns ~1.381
```

If provided `NaN` as any argument, the function returns `NaN`.

```javascript
var y = mgf( NaN, 0.0, 1.0, 0.5 );
// returns NaN

y = mgf( 0.0, NaN, 1.0, 0.5 );
// returns NaN

y = mgf( 0.0, 0.0, NaN, 0.5 );
// returns NaN

y = mgf( 2.0, 1.0, 0.0, NaN );
// returns NaN
```

If provided parameters not satisfying `a <= c <= b`, the function returns `NaN`.

```javascript
var y = mgf( 2.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.5 );
// returns NaN

y = mgf( 2.0, 1.0, 0.0, -1.0 );
// returns NaN

y = mgf( 2.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.5 );
// returns NaN
```

#### mgf.factory( a, b, c )

Returns a function for evaluating the [moment-generating function][mgf] of a [triangular][triangular-distribution] distribution with parameters `a` (lower limit), `b` (upper limit), and `c` (mode).

```javascript
var mymgf = mgf.factory( 0.0, 2.0, 1.0 );

var y = mymgf( -1.0 );
// returns ~0.3996

y = mymgf( 2.0 );
// returns ~10.205
```

</section>

<!-- /.usage -->

<!-- Package usage notes. Make sure to keep an empty line after the `section` element and another before the `/section` close. -->

<section class="notes">

</section>

<!-- /.notes -->

<!-- Package usage examples. -->

<section class="examples">

## Examples

<!-- eslint no-undef: "error" -->

```javascript
var randu = require( '@stdlib/random-base-randu' );
var mgf = require( '@stdlib/stats-base-dists-triangular-mgf' );

var a;
var b;
var c;
var t;
var v;
var i;

for ( i = 0; i < 10; i++ ) {
    t = randu() * 5.0;
    a = randu() * 10.0;
    b = a + (randu() * 40.0);
    c = a + (( b - a ) * randu());
    v = mgf( t, a, b, c );
    console.log( 't: %d, a: %d, b: %d, c: %d, M_X(t;a,b,c): %d', t.toFixed( 4 ), a.toFixed( 4 ), b.toFixed( 4 ), c.toFixed( 4 ), v.toFixed( 4 ) );
}
```

</section>

<!-- /.examples -->

<!-- C interface documentation. -->

* * *

<section class="c">

## C APIs

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<section class="intro">

</section>

<!-- /.intro -->

<!-- C usage documentation. -->

<section class="usage">

### Usage

```c
#include "stdlib/stats/base/dists/triangular/mgf.h"
```

#### stdlib_base_dists_triangular_mgf( t, a, b, c )

Evaluates the [moment-generating function][mgf] (MGF) for a [triangular][triangular-distribution] distribution with parameters `a` (lower limit), `b` (upper limit), and `c` (mode).

```c
double y = stdlib_base_dists_triangular_mgf( 0.5, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0 );
// returns ~1.021
```

The function accepts the following arguments:

-   **t**: `[in] double` input value.
-   **a**: `[in] double` lower limit.
-   **b**: `[in] double` upper limit.
-   **c**: `[in] double` mode.

```c
double stdlib_base_dists_triangular_mgf( const double t, const double a, const double b, const double c );
```

</section>

<!-- /.usage -->

<!-- C API usage notes. Make sure to keep an empty line after the `section` element and another before the `/section` close. -->

<section class="notes">

</section>

<!-- /.notes -->

<!-- C API usage examples. -->

<section class="examples">

### Examples

```c
#include "stdlib/stats/base/dists/triangular/mgf.h"
#include "stdlib/constants/float64/eps.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

static double random_uniform( const double min, const double max ) {
    double v = (double)rand() / ( (double)RAND_MAX + 1.0 );
    return min + ( v*(max-min) );
}

int main( void ) {
    double a;
    double b;
    double c;
    double t;
    double y;
    int i;

    for ( i = 0; i < 25; i++ ) {
        t = random_uniform( 0.0, 5.0 );
        a = random_uniform( 0.0, 10.0 );
        b = random_uniform( a+STDLIB_CONSTANT_FLOAT64_EPS, 40.0 );
        c = random_uniform( a, b );
        y = stdlib_base_dists_triangular_mgf( t, a, b, c );
        printf( "t: %lf, a: %lf, b: %lf, c: %lf, M_X(t;a,b,c): %lf\n", t, a, b, c, y );
    }
}
```

</section>

<!-- /.examples -->

</section>

<!-- /.c -->

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</section>

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</section>

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* * *

## Notice

This package is part of [stdlib][stdlib], a standard library for JavaScript and Node.js, with an emphasis on numerical and scientific computing. The library provides a collection of robust, high performance libraries for mathematics, statistics, streams, utilities, and more.

For more information on the project, filing bug reports and feature requests, and guidance on how to develop [stdlib][stdlib], see the main project [repository][stdlib].

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## License

See [LICENSE][stdlib-license].


## Copyright

Copyright &copy; 2016-2026. The Stdlib [Authors][stdlib-authors].

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[triangular-distribution]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangular_distribution

[mgf]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment-generating_function

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