npm package: @smithy/middleware-stack
Description: Provides a means for composing multiple middleware functions into a single handler
Author: AWS SDK for JavaScript Team
Latest version: 4.2.13

# @smithy/middleware-stack

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### :warning: Internal API :warning:

> This is an internal package.
> That means this is used as a dependency for other, public packages, but
> should not be taken directly as a dependency in your application's `package.json`.

> If you are updating the version of this package, for example to bring in a
> bug-fix, you should do so by updating your application lockfile with
> e.g. `npm up @scope/package` or equivalent command in another
> package manager, rather than taking a direct dependency.

---

The package contains an implementation of middleware stack interface. Middleware
stack is a structure storing middleware in specified order and resolve these
middleware into a single handler.

A middleware stack has five `Step`s, each of them represents a specific request life cycle:

- **initialize**: The input is being prepared. Examples of typical initialization tasks include injecting default options computing derived parameters.

- **serialize**: The input is complete and ready to be serialized. Examples of typical serialization tasks include input validation and building an HTTP request from user input.

- **build**: The input has been serialized into an HTTP request, but that request may require further modification. Any request alterations will be applied to all retries. Examples of typical build tasks include injecting HTTP headers that describe a stable aspect of the request, such as `Content-Length` or a body checksum.

- **finalizeRequest**: The request is being prepared to be sent over the wire. The request in this stage should already be semantically complete and should therefore only be altered to match the recipient's expectations. Examples of typical finalization tasks include request signing and injecting hop-by-hop headers.

- **deserialize**: The response has arrived, the middleware here will deserialize the raw response object to structured response

## Adding Middleware

There are two ways to add middleware to a middleware stack. They both add middleware to specified `Step` but they provide fine-grained location control differently.

### Absolute Location

You can add middleware to specified step with:

```javascript
stack.add(middleware, {
  step: "finalizeRequest",
});
```

This approach works for most cases. Sometimes you want your middleware to be executed in the front of the `Step`, you can set the `Priority` to `high`. Set the `Priority` to `low` then this middleware will be executed at the end of `Step`:

```javascript
stack.add(middleware, {
  step: "finalizeRequest",
  priority: "high",
});
```

If multiple middleware is added to same `step` with same `priority`, the order of them is determined by the order of adding them.

### Relative Location

In some cases, you might want to execute your middleware before some other known middleware, then you can use `addRelativeTo()`:

```javascript
stack.add(middleware, {
  step: "finalizeRequest",
  name: "myMiddleware",
});
stack.addRelativeTo(anotherMiddleware, {
  relation: "before", //or 'after'
  toMiddleware: "myMiddleware",
});
```

## Removing Middleware

You can remove middleware by name one at a time:

```javascript
stack.remove("Middleware1");
```

If you specify tags for middleware, you can remove multiple middleware at a time according to tag:

```javascript
stack.add(middleware, {
  step: "finalizeRequest",
  tags: ["final"],
});
stack.removeByTag("final");
```