npm package: @stdlib/stats-base-range-by
Description: Calculate the range of a strided array via a callback function.
Author: The Stdlib Authors
Latest version: 0.2.2

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# rangeBy

[![NPM version][npm-image]][npm-url] [![Build Status][test-image]][test-url] [![Coverage Status][coverage-image]][coverage-url] <!-- [![dependencies][dependencies-image]][dependencies-url] -->

> Calculate the [range][range] of a strided array via a callback function.

<section class="intro">

The [**range**][range] is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values.

</section>

<!-- /.intro -->

<section class="installation">

## Installation

```bash
npm install @stdlib/stats-base-range-by
```

</section>

<section class="usage">

## Usage

```javascript
var rangeBy = require( '@stdlib/stats-base-range-by' );
```

#### rangeBy( N, x, stride, clbk\[, thisArg] )

Calculates the [range][range] of strided array `x` via a callback function.

```javascript
function accessor( v ) {
    return v * 2.0;
}

var x = [ -2.0, 1.0, 3.0, -5.0, 4.0, 0.0, -1.0, -3.0 ];

var v = rangeBy( x.length, x, 1, accessor );
// returns 18.0
```

The function has the following parameters:

-   **N**: number of indexed elements.
-   **x**: input [`Array`][mdn-array], [`typed array`][mdn-typed-array], or an array-like object (excluding strings and functions). 
-   **stride**: index increment.
-   **clbk**: callback function.
-   **thisArg**: execution context (_optional_).

The invoked callback is provided four arguments:

-   **value**: array element.
-   **aidx**: array index.
-   **sidx**: strided index (`offset + aidx*stride`).
-   **array**: input array/collection.

To set the callback execution context, provide a `thisArg`.

```javascript
function accessor( v ) {
    this.count += 1;
    return v * 2.0;
}

var x = [ -2.0, 1.0, 3.0, -5.0, 4.0, 0.0, -1.0, -3.0 ];

var context = {
    'count': 0
};

var v = rangeBy( x.length, x, 1, accessor, context );
// returns 18.0

var cnt = context.count;
// returns 8
```

The `N` and `stride` parameters determine which elements in `x` are accessed at runtime. For example, to access every other element

```javascript
var floor = require( '@stdlib/math-base-special-floor' );

function accessor( v ) {
    return v * 2.0;
}

var x = [ -2.0, 1.0, 3.0, -5.0, 4.0, 0.0, -1.0, -3.0 ];
var N = floor( x.length / 2 );

var v = rangeBy( N, x, 2, accessor );
// returns 12.0
```

Note that indexing is relative to the first index. To introduce an offset, use [`typed array`][mdn-typed-array] views.

```javascript
var Float64Array = require( '@stdlib/array-float64' );
var floor = require( '@stdlib/math-base-special-floor' );

function accessor( v ) {
    return v * 2.0;
}

// Initial array...
var x0 = new Float64Array( [ 1.0, -2.0, 3.0, -4.0, 5.0, -6.0 ] );

// Create an offset view...
var x1 = new Float64Array( x0.buffer, x0.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT*1 ); // start at 2nd element
var N = floor( x0.length/2 );

// Access every other element...
var v = rangeBy( N, x1, 2, accessor );
// returns 8.0
```

#### rangeBy.ndarray( N, x, stride, offset, clbk\[, thisArg] )

Calculates the [range][range] of strided array `x` via a callback function and using alternative indexing semantics.

```javascript
function accessor( v ) {
    return v * 2.0;
}

var x = [ -2.0, 1.0, 3.0, -5.0, 4.0, 0.0, -1.0, -3.0 ];

var v = rangeBy.ndarray( x.length, x, 1, 0, accessor );
// returns 18.0
```

The function has the following additional parameters:

-   **offset**: starting index.

While [`typed array`][mdn-typed-array] views mandate a view offset based on the underlying `buffer`, the `offset` parameter supports indexing semantics based on a starting index. For example, to access only the last three elements of `x`

```javascript
function accessor( v ) {
    return v * 2.0;
}

var x = [ 1.0, -2.0, 3.0, -4.0, 5.0, -6.0 ];

var v = rangeBy.ndarray( 3, x, 1, x.length-3, accessor );
// returns 22.0
```

</section>

<!-- /.usage -->

<section class="notes">

## Notes

-   If `N <= 0`, both functions return `NaN`.
-   A provided callback function should return a numeric value.
-   If a provided callback function does not return any value (or equivalently, explicitly returns `undefined`), the value is **ignored**.
-   When possible, prefer using [`drange`][@stdlib/stats/base/drange], [`srange`][@stdlib/stats/base/srange], and/or [`range`][@stdlib/stats/base/range], as, depending on the environment, these interfaces are likely to be significantly more performant.

</section>

<!-- /.notes -->

<section class="examples">

## Examples

<!-- eslint no-undef: "error" -->

```javascript
var discreteUniform = require( '@stdlib/random-base-discrete-uniform' ).factory;
var filledarrayBy = require( '@stdlib/array-filled-by' );
var rangeBy = require( '@stdlib/stats-base-range-by' );

function accessor( v ) {
    return v * 2.0;
}

var x = filledarrayBy( 10, 'float64', discreteUniform( -50, 50 ) );
console.log( x );

var v = rangeBy( x.length, x, 1, accessor );
console.log( v );
```

</section>

<!-- /.examples -->

<!-- Section for related `stdlib` packages. Do not manually edit this section, as it is automatically populated. -->

<section class="related">

* * *

## See Also

-   <span class="package-name">[`@stdlib/stats-base/drange`][@stdlib/stats/base/drange]</span><span class="delimiter">: </span><span class="description">calculate the range of a double-precision floating-point strided array.</span>
-   <span class="package-name">[`@stdlib/stats-base/max-by`][@stdlib/stats/base/max-by]</span><span class="delimiter">: </span><span class="description">calculate the maximum value of a strided array via a callback function.</span>
-   <span class="package-name">[`@stdlib/stats-base/min-by`][@stdlib/stats/base/min-by]</span><span class="delimiter">: </span><span class="description">calculate the minimum value of a strided array via a callback function.</span>
-   <span class="package-name">[`@stdlib/stats-base/nanrange-by`][@stdlib/stats/base/nanrange-by]</span><span class="delimiter">: </span><span class="description">calculate the range of a strided array via a callback function, ignoring NaN values.</span>
-   <span class="package-name">[`@stdlib/stats-base/range`][@stdlib/stats/base/range]</span><span class="delimiter">: </span><span class="description">calculate the range of a strided array.</span>
-   <span class="package-name">[`@stdlib/stats-base/srange`][@stdlib/stats/base/srange]</span><span class="delimiter">: </span><span class="description">calculate the range of a single-precision floating-point strided array.</span>

</section>

<!-- /.related -->

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<section class="main-repo" >

* * *

## Notice

This package is part of [stdlib][stdlib], a standard library for JavaScript and Node.js, with an emphasis on numerical and scientific computing. The library provides a collection of robust, high performance libraries for mathematics, statistics, streams, utilities, and more.

For more information on the project, filing bug reports and feature requests, and guidance on how to develop [stdlib][stdlib], see the main project [repository][stdlib].

#### Community

[![Chat][chat-image]][chat-url]

---

## License

See [LICENSE][stdlib-license].


## Copyright

Copyright &copy; 2016-2024. The Stdlib [Authors][stdlib-authors].

</section>

<!-- /.stdlib -->

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[deno-url]: https://github.com/stdlib-js/stats-base-range-by/tree/deno
[deno-readme]: https://github.com/stdlib-js/stats-base-range-by/blob/deno/README.md
[umd-url]: https://github.com/stdlib-js/stats-base-range-by/tree/umd
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[stdlib-license]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stdlib-js/stats-base-range-by/main/LICENSE

[range]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Range_%28statistics%29

[mdn-array]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array

[mdn-typed-array]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/TypedArray

<!-- <related-links> -->

[@stdlib/stats/base/drange]: https://www.npmjs.com/package/@stdlib/stats-base-drange

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[@stdlib/stats/base/range]: https://www.npmjs.com/package/@stdlib/stats-base-range

[@stdlib/stats/base/srange]: https://www.npmjs.com/package/@stdlib/stats-base-srange

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