npm package: @sirena/agenda
Description: Light weight job scheduler for Node.js
Author: Ryan Schmukler
Latest version: 0.9.0

# Agenda
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Agenda is a light-weight job scheduling library for Node.js.

It offers:

- Minimal overhead. Agenda aims to keep its code base small.
- Mongo backed persistance layer.
- Scheduling with configurable priority, concurrency, and repeating
- Scheduling via cron or human readable syntax.
- Event backed job queue that you can hook into.
- Optional standalone web-interfaces (see [agendash](https://github.com/joeframbach/agendash) and [agenda-ui](https://github.com/moudy/agenda-ui))


# Installation

Install via NPM

    npm install agenda

You will also need a working [mongo](http://www.mongodb.org/) database (2.6+) to point it to.

# Example Usage

```js

var mongoConnectionString = "mongodb://127.0.0.1/agenda";

var agenda = new Agenda({db: {address: mongoConnectionString}});

// or override the default collection name:
// var agenda = new Agenda({db: {address: mongoConnectionString, collection: "jobCollectionName"}});

// or pass additional connection options:
// var agenda = new Agenda({db: {address: mongoConnectionString, collection: "jobCollectionName", options: {server:{auto_reconnect:true}}}});

// or pass in an existing mongodb-native MongoClient instance
// var agenda = new Agenda({mongo: myMongoClient});

agenda.define('delete old users', function(job, done) {
  User.remove({lastLogIn: { $lt: twoDaysAgo }}, done);
});

agenda.on('ready', function() {
  agenda.every('3 minutes', 'delete old users');

  // Alternatively, you could also do:
  agenda.every('*/3 * * * *', 'delete old users');

  agenda.start();
});

```

```js
agenda.define('send email report', {priority: 'high', concurrency: 10}, function(job, done) {
  var data = job.attrs.data;
  emailClient.send({
    to: data.to,
    from: 'example@example.com',
    subject: 'Email Report',
    body: '...'
  }, done);
});

agenda.on('ready', function() {
  agenda.schedule('in 20 minutes', 'send email report', {to: 'admin@example.com'});
  agenda.start();
});
```

```js
agenda.on('ready', function() {
  var weeklyReport = agenda.create('send email report', {to: 'another-guy@example.com'})
  weeklyReport.repeatEvery('1 week').save();
  agenda.start();
});
```

# Full documentation

Agenda's basic control structure is an instance of an agenda. Agenda's are
mapped to a database collection and load the jobs from within.

## Table of Contents
- [Configuring an agenda](#configuring-an-agenda)
- [Agenda Events](#agenda-events)
- [Defining job processors](#defining-job-processors)
- [Creating jobs](#creating-jobs)
- [Managing jobs](#managing-jobs)
- [Starting the job processor](#starting-the-job-processor)
- [Multiple job processors](#multiple-job-processors)
- [Manually working with jobs](#manually-working-with-a-job)
- [Job Queue Events](#job-queue-events)
- [Frequently asked questions](#frequently-asked-questions)
- [Example Project structure](#example-project-structure)
- [Acknowledgements](#acknowledgements)

## Configuring an agenda
All configuration methods are chainable, meaning you can do something like:

```js
var agenda = new Agenda();
agenda
  .database(...)
  .processEvery('3 minutes')
  ...;
```

Agenda uses [Human Interval](http://github.com/rschmukler/human-interval) for specifying the intervals. It supports the following units:

`seconds`, `minutes`, `hours`, `days`,`weeks`, `months` -- assumes 30 days, `years` -- assumes 365 days

More sophisticated examples


```js
agenda.processEvery('one minute');
agenda.processEvery('1.5 minutes');
agenda.processEvery('3 days and 4 hours');
agenda.processEvery('3 days, 4 hours and 36 seconds');
```

### database(url, [collectionName])

Specifies the database at the `url` specified. If no collection name is given,
`agendaJobs` is used.

```js
agenda.database('localhost:27017/agenda-test', 'agendaJobs');
```

You can also specify it during instantiation.

```js
var agenda = new Agenda({db: { address: 'localhost:27017/agenda-test', collection: 'agendaJobs' }});
```

Agenda will emit a `ready` event (see [Agenda Events](#agenda-events)) when properly connected to the database and it is safe to start using Agenda.

### mongo(mongoClientInstance)

Use an existing mongodb-native MongoClient instance. This can help consolidate connections to a
database. You can instead use `.database` to have agenda handle connecting for
you.



Please note that this must be a *collection*. Also, you will want to run the following
afterwards to ensure the database has the proper indexes:

```js
function ignoreErrors() {}

agenda._db.ensureIndex("nextRunAt", ignoreErrors)
.ensureIndex("lockedAt", ignoreErrors)
.ensureIndex("name", ignoreErrors)
.ensureIndex("priority", ignoreErrors);

function ignoreErrors
```

You can also specify it during instantiation.

```js
var agenda = new Agenda({mongo: mongoClientInstance});
```

### name(name)

Takes a string `name` and sets `lastModifiedBy` to it in the job database.
Useful for if you have multiple job processors (agendas) and want to see which
job queue last ran the job.

```js
agenda.name(os.hostname + '-' + process.pid);
```

You can also specify it during instantiation

```js
var agenda = new Agenda({name: 'test queue'});
```

### processEvery(interval)

Takes a string `interval` which can be either a traditional javascript number,
or a string such as `3 minutes`

Specifies the frequency at which agenda will query the database looking for jobs
that need to be processed. Agenda internally uses `setTimeout` to guarantee that
jobs run at (close to ~3ms) the right time.

Decreasing the frequency will result in fewer database queries, but more jobs
being stored in memory.

Also worth noting is that if the job is queue is shutdown, any jobs stored in memory
that haven't run will still be locked, meaning that you may have to wait for the
lock to expire.

```js
agenda.processEvery('1 minute');
```

You can also specify it during instantiation

```js
var agenda = new Agenda({processEvery: '30 seconds'});
```

### maxConcurrency(number)

Takes a `number` which specifies the max number of jobs that can be running at
any given moment. By default it is `20`.

```js
agenda.maxConcurrency(20);
```

You can also specify it during instantiation

```js
var agenda = new Agenda({maxConcurrency: 20});
```

### defaultConcurrency(number)

Takes a `number` which specifies the default number of a specific job that can be running at
any given moment. By default it is `5`.

```js
agenda.defaultConcurrency(5);
```

You can also specify it during instantiation

```js
var agenda = new Agenda({defaultConcurrency: 5});
```

### lockLimit(number)

Takes a `number` which specifies the max number jobs that can be locked at any given moment. By default it is `0` for no max.

```js
agenda.lockLimit(0);
```

You can also specify it during instantiation

```js
var agenda = new Agenda({lockLimit: 0});
```

### defaultLockLimit(number)

Takes a `number` which specifies the default number of a specific job that can be locked at any given moment. By default it is `0` for no max.

```js
agenda.defaultLockLimit(0);
```

You can also specify it during instantiation

```js
var agenda = new Agenda({defaultLockLimit: 0});
```

### defaultLockLifetime(number)

Takes a `number` which specifies the default lock lifetime in milliseconds. By
default it is 10 minutes. This can be overridden by specifying the
`lockLifetime` option to a defined job.

A job will unlock if it is finished (ie. `done` is called) before the `lockLifetime`.
The lock is useful if the job crashes or times out.

```js
agenda.defaultLockLifetime(10000);
```

You can also specify it during instantiation

```js
var agenda = new Agenda({defaultLockLifetime: 10000});
```

## Agenda Events

An instance of an agenda will emit the following events:

- `ready` - called when Agenda mongo connection is successfully opened
- `error` - called when Agenda mongo connection process has thrown an error

```js
agenda.on('ready', function() {
  agenda.start();
});
```

## Defining Job Processors

Before you can use a job, you must define its processing behavior.

### define(jobName, [options], fn)

Defines a job with the name of `jobName`. When a job of `jobName` gets run, it
will be passed to `fn(job, done)`. To maintain asynchronous behavior, you must
call `done()` when you are processing the job. If your function is synchronous,
you may omit `done` from the signature.

`options` is an optional argument which can overwrite the defaults. It can take
the following:

- `concurrency`: `number` maximum number of that job that can be running at once (per instance of agenda)
- `lockLimit`: `number` maximum number of that job that can be locked at once (per instance of agenda)
- `lockLifetime`: `number` interval in ms of how long the job stays locked for (see [multiple job processors](#multiple-job-processors) for more info).
A job will automatically unlock if `done()` is called.
- `priority`: `(lowest|low|normal|high|highest|number)` specifies the priority
  of the job. Higher priority jobs will run first. See the priority mapping
  below

Priority mapping:
```
{
  highest: 20,
  high: 10,
  default: 0,
  low: -10,
  lowest: -20
}
```

Async Job:
```js
agenda.define('some long running job', function(job, done) {
  doSomelengthyTask(function(data) {
    formatThatData(data);
    sendThatData(data);
    done();
  });
});
```

Sync Job:

```js
agenda.define('say hello', function(job) {
  console.log("Hello!");
});
```

## Creating Jobs

### every(interval, name, [data], [options], [cb])

Runs job `name` at the given `interval`. Optionally, data and options can be passed in.
Every creates a job of type `single`, which means that it will only create one
job in the database, even if that line is run multiple times. This lets you put
it in a file that may get run multiple times, such as `webserver.js` which may
reboot from time to time.

`interval` can be a human-readable format `String`, a cron format `String`, or a `Number`.

`data` is an optional argument that will be passed to the processing function
under `job.attrs.data`.

`options` is an optional argument that will be passed to `job.repeatEvery`. In order to use
this argument, `data` must also be specified.

`cb` is an optional callback function which will be called when the job has been
persisted in the database.


Returns the `job`.

```js
agenda.define('printAnalyticsReport', function(job, done) {
  User.doSomethingReallyIntensive(function(err, users) {
    processUserData();
    console.log("I print a report!");
    done();
  });
});

agenda.every('15 minutes', 'printAnalyticsReport');
```

Optionally, `name` could be array of job names, which is convenient for scheduling
different jobs for same `interval`.

```js
agenda.every('15 minutes', ['printAnalyticsReport', 'sendNotifications', 'updateUserRecords']);
```

In this case, `every` returns array of `jobs`.

### schedule(when, name, [data], [cb])

Schedules a job to run `name` once at a given time. `when` can be a `Date` or a
`String` such as `tomorrow at 5pm`.

`data` is an optional argument that will be passed to the processing function
under `job.attrs.data`.

`cb` is an optional callback function which will be called when the job has been
persisted in the database.

Returns the `job`.

```js
agenda.schedule('tomorrow at noon', 'printAnalyticsReport', {userCount: 100});
```

Optionally, `name` could be array of job names, similar to `every` method.

```js
agenda.schedule('tomorrow at noon', ['printAnalyticsReport', 'sendNotifications', 'updateUserRecords']);
```

In this case, `schedule` returns array of `jobs`.

### now(name, [data], [cb])

Schedules a job to run `name` once immediately.

`data` is an optional argument that will be passed to the processing function
under `job.attrs.data`.

`cb` is an optional callback function which will be called when the job has been
persisted in the database.

Returns the `job`.

```js
agenda.now('do the hokey pokey');
```

### create(jobName, data)

Returns an instance of a `jobName` with `data`. This does *NOT* save the job in
the database. See below to learn how to manually work with jobs.

```js
var job = agenda.create('printAnalyticsReport', {userCount: 100});
job.save(function(err) {
  console.log("Job successfully saved");
});
```

## Managing Jobs


### jobs(mongodb-native query)

Lets you query all of the jobs in the agenda job's database. This is a full [mongodb-native](https://github.com/mongodb/node-mongodb-native)
`find` query. See mongodb-native's documentation for details.

```js
agenda.jobs({name: 'printAnalyticsReport'}, function(err, jobs) {
  // Work with jobs (see below)
});
```

### cancel(mongodb-native query, cb)

Cancels any jobs matching the passed mongodb-native query, and removes them from the database.

```js
agenda.cancel({name: 'printAnalyticsReport'}, function(err, numRemoved) {
});
```

This functionality can also be achieved by first retrieving all the jobs from the database using `agenda.jobs()`, looping through the resulting array and calling `job.remove()` on each. It is however preferable to use `agenda.cancel()` for this use case, as this ensures the operation is atomic.

### purge(cb)

Removes all jobs in the database without defined behaviors. Useful if you change a definition name and want to remove old jobs.

*IMPORTANT:* Do not run this before you finish defining all of your jobs. If you do, you will nuke your database of jobs.

```js
agenda.purge(function(err, numRemoved) {
});
```

## Starting the job processor

To get agenda to start processing jobs from the database you must start it. This
will schedule an interval (based on `processEvery`) to check for new jobs and
run them. You can also stop the queue.

### start

Starts the job queue processing, checking `processEvery` time to see if there
are new jobs.

### stop

Stops the job queue processing. Unlocks currently running jobs.

This can be very useful for graceful shutdowns so that currently running/grabbed jobs are abandoned so that other
job queues can grab them / they are unlocked should the job queue start again. Here is an example of how to do a graceful
shutdown.

```js
function graceful() {
  agenda.stop(function() {
    process.exit(0);
  });
}

process.on('SIGTERM', graceful);
process.on('SIGINT' , graceful);
```


## Multiple job processors

Sometimes you may want to have multiple node instances / machines process from
the same queue. Agenda supports a locking mechanism to ensure that multiple
queues don't process the same job.

You can configure the locking mechanism by specifying `lockLifetime` as an
interval when defining the job.

```js
agenda.define('someJob', {lockLifetime: 10000}, function(job, cb) {
  //Do something in 10 seconds or less...
});
```

This will ensure that no other job processor (this one included) attempts to run the job again
for the next 10 seconds. If you have a particularly long running job, you will want to
specify a longer lockLifetime.

By default it is 10 minutes. Typically you shouldn't have a job that runs for 10 minutes,
so this is really insurance should the job queue crash before the job is unlocked.

When a job is finished (ie. `done` is called), it will automatically unlock.

## Manually working with a job

A job instance has many instance methods. All mutating methods must be followed
with a call to `job.save()` in order to persist the changes to the database.


### repeatEvery(interval, [options])

Specifies an `interval` on which the job should repeat.

`interval` can be a human-readable format `String`, a cron format `String`, or a `Number`.

`options` is an optional argument that can include a `timezone` field. The timezone should
be a string as accepted by [moment-timezone](http://momentjs.com/timezone/) and is considered
when using an interval in the cron string format.

```js
job.repeatEvery('10 minutes');
job.save();
```

```js
job.repeatEvery('0 6 * * *', {
  timezone: 'America/New_York'
});
job.save();
```

### repeatAt(time)

Specifies a `time` when the job should repeat. [Possible values](https://github.com/matthewmueller/date#examples)

```js
job.repeatAt('3:30pm');
job.save();
```

### schedule(time)

Specifies the next `time` at which the job should run.

```js
job.schedule('tomorrow at 6pm');
job.save();
```

### priority(priority)

Specifies the `priority` weighting of the job. Can be a number or a string from
the above priority table.

```js
job.priority('low');
job.save();
```

### unique(properties, [options])

Ensure that only one instance of this job exists with the specified properties

`options` is an optional argument which can overwrite the defaults. It can take
the following:

- `insertOnly`: `boolean` will prevent any properties from persisting if job already exists. Defaults to false.

```js
job.unique({'data.type': 'active', 'data.userId': '123', nextRunAt(date)});
job.save();
```

### fail(reason)

Sets `job.attrs.failedAt` to `now`, and sets `job.attrs.failReason`
to `reason`.

Optionally, `reason` can be an error, in which case `job.attrs.failReason` will
be set to `error.message`

```js
job.fail('insuficient disk space');
// or
job.fail(new Error('insufficient disk space'));
job.save();
```

### run(callback)

Runs the given `job` and calls `callback(err, job)` upon completion. Normally
you never need to call this manually.

```js
job.run(function(err, job) {
  console.log("I don't know why you would need to do this...");
});
```

### save(callback)

Saves the `job.attrs` into the database.

```js
job.save(function(err) {
    if(!err) console.log("Successfully saved job to collection");
})
```

### remove(callback)

Removes the `job` from the database.

```js
job.remove(function(err) {
    if(!err) console.log("Successfully removed job from collection");
})
```

### disable()

Disables the `job`. Upcoming runs won't execute.

### enable()

Enables the `job` if it got disabled before. Upcoming runs will execute.

### touch(callback)

Resets the lock on the job. Useful to indicate that the job hasn't timed out
when you have very long running jobs.

```js
agenda.define('super long job', function(job, done) {
  doSomeLongTask(function() {
    job.touch(function() {
      doAnotherLongTask(function() {
        job.touch(function() {
          finishOurLongTasks(done);
        });
      });
    });
  });
});
```

## Job Queue Events

An instance of an agenda will emit the following events:

- `start` - called just before a job starts
- `start:job name` - called just before the specified job starts

```js
agenda.on('start', function(job) {
  console.log("Job %s starting", job.attrs.name);
});
```

- `complete` - called when a job finishes, regardless of if it succeeds or fails
- `complete:job name` - called when a job finishes, regardless of if it succeeds or fails

```js
agenda.on('complete', function(job) {
  console.log("Job %s finished", job.attrs.name);
});
```

- `success` - called when a job finishes successfully
- `success:job name` - called when a job finishes successfully

```js
agenda.on('success:send email', function(job) {
  console.log("Sent Email Successfully to: %s", job.attrs.data.to);
});
```

- `fail` - called when a job throws an error
- `fail:job name` - called when a job throws an error

```js
agenda.on('fail:send email', function(err, job) {
  console.log("Job failed with error: %s", err.message);
});
```

## Frequently Asked Questions

### Sample Project Structure?

Agenda doesn't have a preferred project structure and leaves it to the user to
choose how they would like to use it. That being said, you can check out the
[example project structure](#example-project-structure) below.


### Can I Donate?

Thanks! I'm flattered, but it's really not necessary. If you really want to, you can find my [gittip here](https://www.gittip.com/rschmukler/).

### Web Interface?

Agenda itself does not have a web interface built in. That being said, there are two stand-alone web interfaces:

- [agendash](https://github.com/joeframbach/agendash)
  ![agendash interface](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/joeframbach/agendash/master/job-details.png)
- [agenda-ui](https://github.com/moudy/agenda-ui)
  ![agenda-ui interface](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/moudy/agenda-ui/screenshot/agenda-ui-screenshot.png)

### Mongo vs Redis

The decision to use Mongo instead of Redis is intentional. Redis is often used for
non-essential data (such as sessions) and without configuration doesn't
guarantee the same level of persistence as Mongo (should the server need to be
restarted/crash).

Agenda decides to focus on persistence without requiring special configuration
of Redis (thereby degrading the performance of the Redis server on non-critical
data, such as sessions).

Ultimately if enough people want a Redis driver instead of Mongo, I will write
one. (Please open an issue requesting it). For now, Agenda decided to focus on
guaranteed persistence.

### Spawning / forking processes.

Ultimately Agenda can work from a single job queue across multiple machines, node processes, or forks. If you are interested in having more than one worker, [Bars3s](http://github.com/bars3s) has written up a fantastic example of how one might do it:

```js
var cluster = require('cluster'),
    cpuCount = require('os').cpus().length,
    jobWorkers = [],
    webWorkers = [];

if (cluster.isMaster) {

    // Create a worker for each CPU
    for (var i = 0; i < cpuCount; i += 1) {
        addJobWorker();
        addWebWorker();
    }

    cluster.on('exit', function (worker, code, signal) {

        if (jobWorkers.indexOf(worker.id) != -1) {
            console.log('job worker ' + worker.process.pid + ' died. Trying to respawn...');
            removeJobWorker(worker.id);
            addJobWorker();
        }

        if (webWorkers.indexOf(worker.id) != -1) {
            console.log('http worker ' + worker.process.pid + ' died. Trying to respawn...');
            removeWebWorker(worker.id);
            addWebWorker();
        }
    });

} else {
    if (process.env.web) {
        console.log('start http server: ' + cluster.worker.id);
        require('./app/web-http');//initialize the http server here
    }

    if (process.env.job) {
        console.log('start job server: ' + cluster.worker.id);
        require('./app/job-worker');//initialize the agenda here
    }
}

function addWebWorker() {
    webWorkers.push(cluster.fork({web: 1}).id);
}

function addJobWorker() {
    jobWorkers.push(cluster.fork({job: 1}).id);
}

function removeWebWorker(id) {
    webWorkers.splice(webWorkers.indexOf(id), 1);
}

function removeJobWorker(id) {
    jobWorkers.splice(jobWorkers.indexOf(id), 1);
}
```

# Example Project Structure

Agenda will only process jobs that it has definitions for. This allows you to
selectively choose which jobs a given agenda will process.

Consider the following project structure, which allows us to share models with
the rest of our code base, and specify which jobs a worker processes, if any at
all.

```
- server.js
- worker.js
lib/
  - agenda.js
  controllers/
    - user-controller.js
  jobs/
    - email.js
    - video-processing.js
    - image-processing.js
   models/
     - user-model.js
     - blog-post.model.js
```

Sample job processor (eg. `jobs/email.js`)

```js
var email = require('some-email-lib'),
    User = require('../models/user-model.js');

module.exports = function(agenda) {
  agenda.define('registration email', function(job, done) {
    User.get(job.attrs.data.userId, function(err, user) {
       if(err) return done(err);
       email(user.email(), 'Thanks for registering', 'Thanks for registering ' + user.name(), done);
     });
  });

  agenda.define('reset password', function(job, done) {
    // etc etc
  })

  // More email related jobs
}
```

lib/agenda.js
```js
var Agenda = require('agenda');


var agenda = new Agenda(connectionOpts);


var jobTypes = process.env.JOB_TYPES ? process.env.JOB_TYPES.split(',') : [];

jobTypes.forEach(function(type) {
  require('./lib/jobs/' + type)(agenda);
})

if(jobTypes.length) {
  agenda.start();
}

module.exports = agenda;
```

lib/controllers/user-controller.js
```js
var app = express(),
    User = require('../models/user-model'),
    agenda = require('../worker.js');

app.post('/users', function(req, res, next) {
  var user = new User(req.body);
  user.save(function(err) {
    if(err) return next(err);
    agenda.now('registration email', { userId: user.primary() });
    res.send(201, user.toJson());
  });
});
```

worker.js
```js
require('./lib/agenda.js');
```

Now you can do the following in your project:

```
node server.js
```
Fire up an instance with no `JOB_TYPES`, giving you the ability to process jobs,
but not wasting resources processing jobs.

```
JOB_TYPES=email node server.js
```
Allow your http server to process email jobs.


```
JOB_TYPES=email node worker.js
```

Fire up an instance that processes email jobs.

```
JOB_TYPES=video-processing,image-processing node worker.js
```

Fire up an instance that processes video-processing/image-processing jobs. Good
for a heavy hitting server.

# Acknowledgements

Agenda has some great community members that help a great deal.

- [@droppedoncaprica](http://github.com/droppedoncaprica)
- [@nwkeeley](http://github.com/nwkeeley)
- [@liamdon](http://github.com/liamdon)
- [@loris](http://github.com/loris)
- [@jakeorr](http://github.com/jakeorr)


# License
(The MIT License)

Copyright (c) 2013 Ryan Schmukler <ryan@slingingcode.com>

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
this software and associated documentation files (the 'Software'), to deal in
the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.