npm package: @shortcm/textfield
Description: The Material Components for the web text field component
Latest version: 0.44.1

<!--docs:
title: "Text Field"
layout: detail
section: components
iconId: text_field
path: /catalog/input-controls/text-field/
-->

# Text Field

Text fields allow users to input, edit, and select text.

## Design & API Documentation

<ul class="icon-list">
  <li class="icon-list-item icon-list-item--spec">
    <a href="https://material.io/go/design-text-fields">Material Design guidelines: Text Fields</a>
  </li>
  <li class="icon-list-item icon-list-item--link">
    <a href="https://material-components.github.io/material-components-web-catalog/#/component/text-field">Demo</a>
  </li>
</ul>

## Installation

```
npm install @material/textfield
```

## Basic Usage

### HTML Structure

```html
<div class="mdc-text-field">
  <input type="text" id="my-text-field" class="mdc-text-field__input">
  <label class="mdc-floating-label" for="my-text-field">Hint text</label>
  <div class="mdc-line-ripple"></div>
</div>
```

> NOTE: For more details, see [MDC Line Ripple](../mdc-line-ripple/README.md)
> and [MDC Floating Label](../mdc-floating-label/README.md).

### Styles

```scss
@import "@material/textfield/mdc-text-field";
```

### JavaScript Instantiation

```js
import {MDCTextField} from '@material/textfield';

const textField = new MDCTextField(document.querySelector('.mdc-text-field'));
```

> See [Importing the JS component](../../docs/importing-js.md) for more information on how to import JavaScript.

## Variants

### Full Width

Full width text fields are useful for in-depth tasks or entering complex information.

```html
<div class="mdc-text-field mdc-text-field--fullwidth">
  <input class="mdc-text-field__input"
         type="text"
         placeholder="Full-Width Text Field"
         aria-label="Full-Width Text Field">
</div>
```

> _NOTE_: Do not use `mdc-text-field--outlined` to style a full width text field.

> _NOTE_: Do not use `mdc-floating-label` within `mdc-text-field--fullwidth`. Labels should not be
included as part of the DOM structure of a full width text field.

### Textarea

```html
<div class="mdc-text-field mdc-text-field--textarea">
  <textarea id="textarea" class="mdc-text-field__input" rows="8" cols="40"></textarea>
  <div class="mdc-notched-outline">
    <div class="mdc-notched-outline__leading"></div>
    <div class="mdc-notched-outline__notch">
      <label for="textarea" class="mdc-floating-label">Textarea Label</label>
    </div>
    <div class="mdc-notched-outline__trailing"></div>
  </div>
</div>
```

### Outlined

```html
<div class="mdc-text-field mdc-text-field--outlined">
  <input type="text" id="tf-outlined" class="mdc-text-field__input">
  <div class="mdc-notched-outline">
    <div class="mdc-notched-outline__leading"></div>
    <div class="mdc-notched-outline__notch">
      <label for="tf-outlined" class="mdc-floating-label">Your Name</label>
    </div>
    <div class="mdc-notched-outline__trailing"></div>
  </div>
</div>
```

See [here](../mdc-notched-outline/) for more information on using the notched outline sub-component.

> _NOTE_: Do not use `mdc-line-ripple` inside of `mdc-text-field` _if you plan on using `mdc-text-field--outlined`_. Line Ripple should not be included as part of the DOM structure of an outlined text field.

### Disabled

To disable the text field, add the `disabled` attribute to the `<input>` element and add the `mdc-text-field--disabled` class to the `mdc-text-field` element.

```html
<div class="mdc-text-field mdc-text-field--disabled">
  <input type="text" id="disabled-text-field" class="mdc-text-field__input" disabled>
  <label class="mdc-floating-label" for="disabled-text-field">Disabled text field</label>
  <div class="mdc-line-ripple"></div>
</div>
```

### Text Field without label

A text field doesn’t require a label if a separate but clear label indicator is already displayed adjacent to the text field.
Add class name `mdc-text-field--no-label` and remove the label element from the structure.

#### Filled

```html
<div class="mdc-text-field mdc-text-field--no-label">
  <input type="text" class="mdc-text-field__input" placeholder="Placeholder text" aria-label="Label">
  <div class="mdc-line-ripple"></div>
</div>
```

#### Outlined

```html
<div class="mdc-text-field mdc-text-field--outlined mdc-text-field--no-label">
  <input type="text" class="mdc-text-field__input" aria-label="Label">
  <div class="mdc-notched-outline">
    <div class="mdc-notched-outline__leading"></div>
    <div class="mdc-notched-outline__trailing"></div>
  </div>
</div>
```

#### Textarea

```html
<div class="mdc-text-field mdc-text-field--textarea mdc-text-field--no-label">
  <textarea class="mdc-text-field__input" rows="8" cols="40" aria-label="Label"></textarea>
  <div class="mdc-notched-outline">
    <div class="mdc-notched-outline__leading"></div>
    <div class="mdc-notched-outline__trailing"></div>
  </div>
</div>
```

### Text Field with Helper Text

The helper text provides supplemental information and/or validation messages to users. It appears on input field focus
and disappears on input field blur by default, or it can be persistent. Helper text should be rendered inside `.mdc-text-field-helper-line` element
which is immediate sibling of `.mdc-text-field`. See [here](helper-text/) for more information on using helper text.

```html
<div class="mdc-text-field">
  <input type="text" id="my-text-field" class="mdc-text-field__input">
  <label class="mdc-floating-label" for="my-text-field">My Label</label>
  <div class="mdc-line-ripple"></div>
</div>
<div class="mdc-text-field-helper-line">
  <div class="mdc-text-field-helper-text">helper text</div>
</div>
```

### Text Field with Character Counter

Character counter is used if there is a character limit. It displays the ratio of characters used and the total character limit.
Character counter should be rendered inside `.mdc-text-field-helper-line` element which is immediate sibling of `.mdc-text-field`.
See [here](character-counter/) for more information on using character counter.

```html
<div class="mdc-text-field">
  <input type="text" id="my-text-field" class="mdc-text-field__input" maxlength="10">
  <label class="mdc-floating-label" for="my-text-field">My Label</label>
  <div class="mdc-line-ripple"></div>
</div>
<div class="mdc-text-field-helper-line">
  <div class="mdc-text-field-character-counter">0 / 10</div>
</div>
```

### Multi-line Text Field (Textarea) with Character Counter

The layout structure of character counter for multi-line text field (textarea) is slightly different since it is rendered
inside of text field component.

```html
<div class="mdc-text-field mdc-text-field--textarea">
  <div class="mdc-text-field-character-counter">0 / 140</div>
  <textarea id="textarea" class="mdc-text-field__input" rows="8" cols="40" maxlength="140"></textarea>
  <div class="mdc-notched-outline">
    <div class="mdc-notched-outline__leading"></div>
    <div class="mdc-notched-outline__notch">
      <label for="textarea" class="mdc-floating-label">Textarea Label</label>
    </div>
    <div class="mdc-notched-outline__trailing"></div>
  </div>
</div>
```

Helper text and Character counter are optional subcomponents of text field that can co-exist independently.
It is recommended that `.mdc-text-field` and `.mdc-text-field-helper-line` elements have same width for correct layout.

### Text Field with Leading and Trailing Icons

Leading and trailing icons can be added within the default or outlined variant of MDC Text Field as visual indicators as
well as interaction targets. See [here](icon/) for more information on using icons.

### HTML5 Validation

`MDCTextFieldFoundation` provides validity styling by using the `:invalid` and `:required` attributes provided
by HTML5's form validation API.

```html
<div class="mdc-text-field">
  <input type="password" id="pw" class="mdc-text-field__input" required minlength=8>
  <label for="pw" class="mdc-floating-label">Password</label>
  <div class="mdc-line-ripple"></div>
</div>
```

`MDCTextFieldFoundation` automatically appends an asterisk to the label text if the required attribute is set.

### Pre-filled

When dealing with JS-driven text fields that already have values, you'll want to ensure that you
render `mdc-floating-label` with the `mdc-floating-label--float-above` modifier class. This will
ensure that the label moves out of the way of the text field's value and prevents a Flash Of
Un-styled Content (**FOUC**).

```html
<div class="mdc-text-field">
  <input type="text" id="pre-filled" class="mdc-text-field__input" value="Pre-filled value">
  <label class="mdc-floating-label mdc-floating-label--float-above" for="pre-filled">
    Label in correct place
  </label>
  <div class="mdc-line-ripple"></div>
</div>
```

## Style Customization

### CSS Classes

CSS Class | Description
--- | ---
`mdc-text-field` | Mandatory.
`mdc-text-field--outlined` | Styles the text field as an outlined text field.
`mdc-text-field--fullwidth` | Styles the text field as a full width text field.
`mdc-text-field--textarea` | Indicates the text field is a `<textarea>`.
`mdc-text-field--disabled` | Styles the text field as a disabled text field.
`mdc-text-field--dense` | Styles the text field as a dense text field.\*
`mdc-text-field--with-leading-icon` | Styles the text field as a text field with a leading icon.
`mdc-text-field--with-trailing-icon` | Styles the text field as a text field with a trailing icon.
`mdc-text-field--focused` | Styles the text field as a text field in focus.
`mdc-text-field--no-label` | Styles the text field that has no label.
`mdc-text-field-helper-line` | Styles the container of helper text and character counter elements.

#### Deprecation Notice

\*The `--dense` variant of the text field will be removed in an upcoming release.
See [github issue](https://github.com/material-components/material-components-web/issues/4142) for details.

### Sass Mixins

To customize the colors of any part of the text-field, use the following mixins. We recommend you apply
these mixins within CSS selectors like `.foo-text-field:not(.mdc-text-field--focused)` to select your unfocused text fields,
and `.foo-text-field.mdc-text-field--focused` to select your focused text-fields. To change the invalid state of your text fields,
apply these mixins with CSS selectors such as `.foo-text-field.mdc-text-field--invalid`.

> _NOTE_: the `mdc-line-ripple-color` mixin should be applied from the not focused class `foo-text-field:not(.mdc-text-field--focused)`).

#### Mixins for all Text Fields

Mixin | Description
--- | ---
`mdc-text-field-ink-color($color)` | Customizes the color of the text entered into the text field.
`mdc-text-field-label-color($color)` | Customizes the text color of the label.
`mdc-text-field-caret-color($color)` | Customizes the color of the cursor caret of the text field.

#### Mixins for Filled Text Field

Mixin | Description
--- | ---
`mdc-text-field-shape-radius($radius, $rtl-reflexive)` | Sets rounded shape to boxed text field variant with given radius size. Set `$rtl-reflexive` to true to flip radius values in RTL context, defaults to false.
`mdc-text-field-fill-color($color)` | Customizes the background color of the text field.
`mdc-text-field-bottom-line-color($color)` | Customizes the text field bottom line color except the outlined and textarea variants.
`mdc-text-field-hover-bottom-line-color($color)` | Customizes the hover text field bottom line color except the outlined and textarea variants.
`mdc-text-field-line-ripple-color($color)` | Customizes the color of the default line ripple of the text field.

#### Mixins for Outlined Text Field

Mixin | Description
--- | ---
`mdc-text-field-focused-outline-color($color)` | Customizes the outline border color when the text field is focused.
`mdc-text-field-hover-outline-color($color)` | Customizes the outline border color when the text field is hovered.
`mdc-text-field-outline-color($color)` | Customizes the border color of the outlined text field.
`mdc-text-field-outline-shape-radius($radius, $rtl-reflexive)` | Sets rounded shape to outlined text field variant with given radius size. Set `$rtl-reflexive` to true to flip radius values in RTL context, defaults to false.

#### Mixins for Textarea

Mixin | Description
--- | ---
`mdc-text-field-textarea-shape-radius($radius, $rtl-reflexive)` | Sets rounded shape to text area variant with given radius size. Set `$rtl-reflexive` to true to flip radius values in RTL context, defaults to false.
`mdc-text-field-textarea-fill-color($color)` | Customizes the color of the background of the textarea.
`mdc-text-field-textarea-stroke-color($color)` | Customizes the color of the border of the textarea.


#### Mixins for Text Field Fullwidth

Mixin | Description
--- | ---
`mdc-text-field-fullwidth-bottom-line-color($color)` | Customizes the fullwidth text field variant bottom line color.

## `MDCTextField` Properties and Methods

Property | Value Type | Description
--- | --- | ---
`value` | string | Proxies to the foundation's `getValue`/`setValue` methods.
`disabled` | boolean | Proxies to the foundation's `isDisabled`/`setDisabled` methods.
`useNativeValidation` | boolean (write-only) | Proxies to the foundation's `setUseNativeValidation` method.
`valid` | boolean | Proxies to the foundation's `isValid`/`setValid` methods.
`helperTextContent` | string (write-only)| Proxies to the foundation's `setHelperTextContent` method when set.
`ripple` | `MDCRipple` (write-only) | The `MDCRipple` instance for the root element that `MDCTextField` initializes; this only applies to the default Text Field, and is `null` for other variants.
`leadingIconAriaLabel` | string (write-only) | Proxies to the foundation's `setLeadingIconAriaLabel` method.
`trailingIconAriaLabel` | string (write-only) | Proxies to the foundation's `setTrailingIconAriaLabel` method.
`leadingIconContent` | string (write-only) | Proxies to the foundation's `setLeadingIconContent` method.
`trailingIconContent` | string (write-only) | Proxies to the foundation's `setTrailingIconContent` method.

In addition to the above, the following properties proxy to the `input` element's properties of the same name:

* `required`
* `minLength`
* `maxLength`
* `min`
* `max`
* `step`

Method Signature | Description
--- | ---
`focus() => void` | Focuses the `input` or `textarea` element.
`layout() => void` | Adjusts the dimensions and positions for all sub-elements.

## Usage Within Frameworks

If you are using a JavaScript framework, such as React or Angular, you can create a Text Field for your framework. Depending on your needs, you can use the _Simple Approach: Wrapping MDC Web Vanilla Components_, or the _Advanced Approach: Using Foundations and Adapters_. Please follow the instructions [here](../../docs/integrating-into-frameworks.md).


### `MDCTextFieldAdapter`

Method Signature | Description
--- | ---
`addClass(className: string) => void` | Adds a class to the root element.
`removeClass(className: string) => void` | Removes a class from the root element.
`hasClass(className: string) => boolean` | Returns true if the root element contains the given class name.
`registerTextFieldInteractionHandler(evtType: string, handler: EventListener) => void` | Registers an event handler on the root element for a given event.
`deregisterTextFieldInteractionHandler(evtType: string, handler: EventListener) => void` | Deregisters an event handler on the root element for a given event.
`registerInputInteractionHandler(evtType: string, handler: EventListener) => void` | Registers an event listener on the native input element for a given event.
`deregisterInputInteractionHandler(evtType: string, handler: EventListener) => void` | Deregisters an event listener on the native input element for a given event.
`registerValidationAttributeChangeHandler(handler: (attributeNames: string[]) => void) => MutationObserver` | Registers a validation attribute change listener on the input element. Handler accepts list of attribute changes.
`deregisterValidationAttributeChangeHandler(!MutationObserver) => void` | Disconnects a validation attribute observer on the input element.
`getNativeInput() => NativeInputType \| null` | Returns an object representing the native text input element, with a similar API shape. See [types.ts](types.ts).
`isFocused() => boolean` | Returns whether the input is focused.
`hasOutline() => boolean` | Returns whether there is an outline element.
`notchOutline(labelWidth: number) => void` | Updates the notched outline path to open the notch and update the notch width for the label element.
`closeOutline() => void` | Closes the notch in the notched outline element.

#### `MDCTextFieldAdapter.getNativeInput()`

Returns an object representing the native text input element, with a similar API shape. We _never_ alter the value within our code, however we _do_ update the disabled property, so if you choose to duck-type the return value for this method in your implementation it's important to keep this in mind. Also note that this method can return null, which the foundation will handle gracefully.

#### `MDCTextFieldAdapter.getIdleOutlineStyleValue(propertyName: string)`

Returns the idle outline element's computed style value of the given css property `propertyName`. The vanilla implementation achieves this via `getComputedStyle(...).getPropertyValue(propertyName)`.

### `MDCTextFieldFoundation`

Method Signature | Description
--- | ---
`getValue() => string` | Returns the input's value.
`setValue(value: string)` | Sets the input's value.
`setUseNativeValidation(useNativeValidation: boolean)` | Sets whether to check native HTML validity state (`true`, default) or custom validity state when updating styles (`false`).
`setValid(isValid: boolean)` | Sets custom validity and updates styles accordingly. Note that native validation will still be honored subsequently unless `setUseNativeValidation(false)` is also called.
`isValid() => boolean` | Returns the component's current validity state (either native or custom, depending on how `setUseNativeValidation()` was configured).
`isDisabled() => boolean` | Returns whether or not the input is disabled.
`setDisabled(disabled: boolean) => void` | Updates the input's disabled state.
`handleTextFieldInteraction(evt: Event) => void` | Handles click and keydown events originating from inside the Text Field component.
`handleInput() => void` | Handles text input and textarea input event.
`handleValidationAttributeChange(attributesList: !Array<string>) => void` | Handles validation attribute changes.
`activateFocus() => void` | Activates the focus state of the Text Field. Normally called in response to the input focus event.
`deactivateFocus() => void` | Deactivates the focus state of the Text Field. Normally called in response to the input blur event.
`setHelperTextContent(content: string) => void` | Sets the content of the helper text.
`setLeadingIconAriaLabel(label: string) => void` | Sets the aria label of the leading icon.
`setLeadingIconContent(content: string) => void` | Sets the text content of the leading icon.
`setTrailingIconAriaLabel(label: string) => void` | Sets the aria label of the trailing icon.
`setTrailingIconContent(content: string) => void` | Sets the text content of the trailing icon.
`notchOutline(openNotch: boolean) => void` | Opens/closes the notched outline.

`MDCTextFieldFoundation` supports multiple optional sub-elements: helper text and icon. The foundations of these sub-elements must be passed in as constructor arguments to `MDCTextFieldFoundation`.