Title: Ming Qing Hua bei de shang ye cheng zhen yu shi chang ceng ji
Subjects: Commerce, History, Histoire, Qing Dynasty (China)
Places: China, Chine
Time periods: Ming dynasty, 1368-1644, Qing dynasty, 1644-1912, 1368-1644 (Dynastie des Ming), 1644-1912 (Dynastie mandchoue)