Title: Middle son
First published: 1996
Description: Though it's been more than twenty years since his funeral, the Fujii family is still not talking about Taizo. His mother keeps his photograph on the family altar, but as Taizo's younger brother Spencer says, "Over the years I have learned ... to look on all sides of the frame without seeing Taizo.".

Spencer's grandparents arrived in Hawaii to labor in the sugarcane fields at the turn of the century - but the old Japanese customs and expectations they brought with them still shape the family's lives in sharp, inescapable ways. And pidgin, the patois spoken on the sugarcane plantation, still colors their speech with an indelible mark of culture and class.

The custom of placing full responsibility for younger siblings on the shoulders of the eldest son is particularly revered in the Fujii family. Spencer's father felt so duty-bound to his childless younger brother that he gave him one of his own children. The same deep sense of duty and sacrifice was expected of Taizo, who proved by age eleven that he had learned the eldest brother's role all too well.

Haunted by their roles in Taizo's death, Spencer and youngest brother, William, pledged silence as little boys: "I looked straight at him and my face tightened. 'No tell nothing,' I told him sharply. 'I not going tell nothing,' he said." Now, twenty years later, their mother, upon whom the loss fell like a knife, is dying, and Spencer, her middle son, must break his silence.
Subjects: Fiction, Japanese American families, Japanese Americans, Fiction, general, Hawaii, fiction, Japanese americans, fiction, Families
Places: Hawaii
LC classification: PS3559.I33 M53 1996