Title: The changing landscape of blockbuster punitive damages awards
Description: "This article investigates the determinants of the blockbuster punitive damages awards of at least $100 million.  As of the end of 2008, there had been 100 such awards with an average value of $3.0 billion.  The U.S.  Supreme Court decision in State Farm v.  Campbell suggested a single digit upper bound on the punitive damages/compensatory damages ratio, which reduced the annual number of blockbuster awards, the total annual value of blockbuster awards, and the punitive damages/compensatory damages ratio.  Applying the 1:1 ratio from Exxon Shipping Co.  et al.  v.  Baker et al.  broadly would eliminate most of the blockbuster awards"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site.