Title: An assessment of the impact of Japanese foreign exchange intervention
Description: "We analyze the short-term price impact of Japanese foreign exchange intervention operations between 1991 and 2004, using official data from Japan's Ministry of Finance.  Over the period as a whole, we find some evidence of a modest against the wind effect, but interventions do not have value as a forecast that the exchange rate will move in a direction consistent with the operations.  Interventions conducted between 1995 and 2002, which were large and infrequent, met with a much higher degree of success.  For the most recent episode of intervention, in 2003 and 2004, despite the record size and frequency of the overall episode, it is difficult to statistically distinguish the pattern of exchange rate movements on intervention days from that of all the days in that particular subperiod, showing little effectiveness.  Still, while the evidence of Japanese intervention effectiveness is modest overall, it appears to be stronger than that found using similar techniques for U.S.  intervention operations conducted in the 1980s and 1990s"--Federal Reserve Board web site.