Title: Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 		       	October 2010, Vol.9, No. 10, 1357-1362 									       http://omicron.ch.tuiasi.ro/EEMJ/                                          ______________________________________________________________________________________________  ENERGY AND ECONOMICAL GROWTH: OVERVIEW  AND GLOBAL CHALLENGES   Rémi Guillet  Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy, France, e-mail: guilletremi@yahoo.fr   Abstract  This paper is a global overview of the correlation between economic growth and energy consumption. It insists especially on the very important role of the oil in the 20th Century development, to point out that the future will not be so bright, because of the impact of combustion gases emissions on the greenhouse effect and because of the decreasing of the resource. The importance of “fossil” energies for different uses is shown shortly as well as the capacity of the taxes to modify some of these utilizations. Renewable energies are also examined with some of their specific difficulties to be massively developed, because of their high “manufacturing” costs. The paper evocates that the production cost of different ersatz of the fossil oil will be comparatively so high that this “oil new deal” will likely induce a new model of growth.   Key words: correlation, energy, model of growth, oil new deal  Received: September, 2010; Revised: October, 2010; Accepted: October, 2010