Title: Mahe Muharram
Description: Bismillahirrahmanirrahim
| ️Muharrram Islami Saal Ka Pehla Mahina
Muharramul-haram islami saal ka pehla mahina he jo apni barkato aur fazilato me apni misal aap he, is mahine ki tarikhi hesiyat to maani huvi he lekin is ka adab aur hujur ﷺ ke is mahine me khususi amal us ki badai ko char chaand laga dete he, islami tarikh ke kayi vakiyat isi mahine me pesh aye, ye kehna be mauka na hoga ki tarikh ke bahut se aham aur sabak amoz vakiyat isi mahine me pesh aaye, lihaza jaha muharram naye saal ki shuruat ki khabar deta he vahi in vakiyata, hadisat ki bhi khabar deta he jinka yaad rakhna ummat muslima ke liye zaruri he. zinda kaumo ki nashani yahi hoti he ki vo apni tarikh aur bade buzurgo ke karnamo aur vakiyat se be-khabar nahi rehti to muharram ki shuruvat hame in tarikhi hakikato se bakhabar hone ka mauka deti he.
| ️Hijri Saal Ki Shuruvat
Musalmano ki bakayda tarikh ki shuruvat Rasulullahﷺ ki hijrat se huvi, is se pehle musalman nabuvat ke saal ya Rasulullahﷺ ke akhri haj vaaghera se tarikh ka hisab kiya karte the arab valo ke yaha mukhtalif vakiyat mashur the, bakayda saal mukarrar nahi tha
arab valo ke yaha mukhtalif vakiyat mashur the, jinki buniyaad par tarikh ka andaza lagate the, maslan jange basus, jange dahis, jange fijar aur aamul fil vaaghera is liye bazabta saal mukarrar karne ki jarurat mehsus na ki gayi
jab Hazrat Umar Faruk rd., ki khilafat ka zamana aaya aur kayi mulk fatah huve aur arab ke alava dusri jagah bhi islami hukumat bakayda vajud me aayi to infiradi ijtimai aur sarkari tor par bhi is baat ki jarurat mehsus ki gayi ki bakayda tor par saal mukarrar kiya jaye, to Hazrat Umar rd., ne Sahaba rd., se mashvira kiya aur hijri saal ko mukarrar kiya
yani Rasulullahﷺ ki madina ki taraf hijrat ke vakiye ko islami takvim ki buniyaad banaya gaya, [tarikhe damishk ibne asakir ji;1 sa;44]
aur Sahaba rd., ka is baat par ittifak huva ki saal ki shuruvat muharram ke mahine se ki jaye, chunanche muharram hi se islami saal ki shuruvat hone lagi, [al mukhtasar ji;1 sa;80]
| ️Muharram Mahine Ki Fazilate
Muharram ka mahina apni fazilat aur badayi, aehteram, barkat aur makam va martaba ke lihaz se apni ek alag khususiyat rakhta he, isi vajah se shariyate muhammadi ﷺ ke shuruvat ke daur me is mahine ke ezaz va ikram me isme jang karne se bhi roka gaya tha
[sure bakra /217] tarjuma; keh dijye isme jang karna bahut bada gunah he, iski aehteram vale mahino me se ginti ki gayi he
[sure taubah /36] tarjuma; mahino ki ginti Allah ke nazdik baarah mahine he, unme se char mahine adab ke he
Rasulullahﷺ ne farmaya zamane ki raftar vahi he jis din Allah ne aasman va zamin ko paida farmaya tha ek saal baarah mahino ka hota he unme se char mahine adab vale he jin me se tin mahine ek saath he yani zul kada, zul hijjah aur ek mahina rajjab ka he, jo jamadis sani aur shaban ke darmiyan aata he. [bukhari abu bakar rd; j/2; s/672].
| ️Muharrram Ke Rozo Ki Fazilat
Yu to is mahine me ki jane vali har ibadat kabile kadar aur ajar ka sabab he magar hadiso me muharram ke rozo ki khususi targib di gayi he, hujur ﷺka irshad he, ramazan ke rozo ke baad sab se behtarin roze Allah ke mahine muharram ke roze he, [muslim ji;1 sa;368]
Jo shakhs muharram ke ek din ka roza rakhe usko ek mahine ke rozo ka savab milega, [gunyatut talibin ibne abbas rd.]
Phir is mahine ke sare dino me Allah ne aashura ke din ko ek khas aur alag makam ataa farmaya he is din me bahut si fazilate he aur nekiyo ke hasil karne ka behtarin jariya he,Huzur ﷺka irshad he jo shakhs aashura ke din ka roza rakhta he to Allah uske gujre huve saal ke sagira gunah maaf farma dete he, [muslim ji;1 sa;367]
Note: imaan valo ko yahud ki mukhalifat ka hukam diya gaya he, aur dasvi muharram ka roza chuke yahudi bhi rakhte he isliye ab hamare liye hukam ye he ki dasvi tarikh ke saath 9, ya 11 tarikh ka roza bhi rakhe taki sunnat bhi ada ho jaye aur yahudi ki mukhalifat ka pehlu bhi nikal aaye, jaisa ki rivayat me he tum aashura ka roza rakho aur yahud ki mukhalifat karo, aur us-se ek din pehle ya baad ka roza bhi rakho. [musnade ahmed; ji;1 sa; 241, ibne abbas rd.]
| ️Aashura Ke Din Ghar Valo Ke Upar Kharch Karna
Dasvi muharram ke din apni takat ke mutabik halal aamadni se apne ghar valo par khane pine me vusat karna rizk ki barkat ka zariya aur fakr o faka se nazat ka sabab he, Hazrat jabir rd se rivayat he Rasulullahﷺ ne farmaya jo apne aap par aur apne ghar valo par aashura ke din khane pine me wusat karega Allah uspar poore saal wusat farmayege. [Al Istizkar]
Yani is mubarak amal ki tasir ye he ki iske natije me Allah sare saal rizk me farakhi aur wusat kar dete he, isi wajah se Hazrat jabir rd, yahya bin saeed rh, sufyan bin uyayna rh, farmate he ki ham ne iska tajruba kiya to isko thik isi tarah paya, lekin ye bat dhyan me rahe ki jo chiz jis darje me sabit he usko usi darje me rakh kar mana jaye aur amal kiya jaye, aur usme kami zyadti se jaha tak ho sake bacha jaye.
| ️Dasvi Muharrram Ko Karobar Or Rozi Me Tangi Ka Khayal
Ye kaha jata he ki das muharram ko karobar karne ki vajah se pure saal rozi me tangi rehti he, ye akida banavati aur galat he, kyoki shariyat me aisi koyi rok nahi he, jahalat ki vajah se log in dino me karobar chhod kar matam aur rone pitne ki majliso me shirkat karte he, halaki yehi amal rozi me tangi ki vajah he.
| ️Rona Pitna
gam aur musibat me aasu beh jaye is par shariyat me koyi mana nahi he, lekin rona pitna aur matam karna aur mayyat ki ach-chaiya bayan karke rona gunah he, kyu ke noha karne chikhne chillane, kapde faadne aur muh par tamache marne vaaghera jese kaam shariyat me mana he, aur aaj kal jo muharram me matam aur noha kiya jata he ye sabar ke khilaf he.
Quran ne khud sabar karne ki talkin ki he tarjuma; aap sabar kare aap ka sabar karna Allah hi ke liye he. [sure nahal /127]
Ek aur jagah irshad he; tarjuma; ae imaan valo namaz aur sabar ke zariye apne rab se madad talab karo isliye ki Allah sabar karne valo ke saath he, [sure bakra /153].
| ️Muharrram Ke Mahine Me Shaadi Biyaah Na Karna
Kuchh logo me ye baat mash-hur ho gayi he ki muharram ke mahine ke shuru ke das dino me shaadi biyah aur khushi ki mehfile vaaghera karna haram he, aur is mahine me khushi ki mehfile karne me khairo barakat nahi hoti, aur vo kum manahus ho jata he, isame kuchh padhe likhe log bhi mubtala he, ye soch galat he kyoke shariyat me aisi koyi baat nahi he, shariyat me muharram ya kisi dusre mahine me nikah se mana nahi kiya gaya he, aur is mahine me to jiyaada ibadat karne ka hukam diya gaya he, aur nikah bhi ek ibadat he, kyoke nikah se Allah ki nazdiki aur takva nasib hota he, hadis me he, jab aadmi shaadi karta he to uska adha imaan mukammal hota he to usko chahiye ki baki adhe ke mamle me Allah se dare, [ shuabul iman j;4, s;383] isliye is mahine me nikah karne se roka nahi gaya he.
| ️Taziya
Muharram ka mahina badi barkato ka mahina he, lekin kuch log iski barkato se fayda hasil karne ke bajaye bidato aur rasmo me pad kar iski hakiki fazilat se mehrum ho jate he, aage kuchh bidato aur rasmo ke bare me bataya jata he taki unse bach kar sahi aamal ikhtiyar kiye jaye.
Taziya karna najayaz he allah ka irshad he; tarjuma kiya tum aisi chizo ki ibadat karte ho jisko tumne khud hi apne hatho se tarasha aur banaya huva he [sure saffat/95]
Zahir he taziya insaan apne haath se tarash kar banata he, fir mannat mani jati he, aur usse murade maangi jati he, uske samne aulad, sehat vagera ki duva ki jati he, sajda kiya jata he, uski ziyarat ko Imam Husain rd ki ziyarat samza jata he, ye sab baate islam ki rooh aur islam ki talim ke aetebar se najayaz he.
| ️Matam ki Majlis
Shahadat ke zikar ke liye majlise karna unme matam karna noha karna ravafiz ki mushabihat ki vajah se najayaz he, hadis me aaya he jisne kisi kaum ki mushabihat ikhtiyar ki vo us kaum me se he. [Abu Davud]
Allama Ibne Hajar Makki rh farmate he; khabardar ravafiz ki bidato me mubtala na hona jaise marsiya khvani, zor se rona, ranjo gam vagera kyu ke ye musalmano ke shayane shaan nahi, agar aisa karna jayaz hota to iska jiyada mustahik Rasulullahﷺ ki vafat ka din ho sakta tha, [As Savaikul Muhrikah]
| ️Hazrat Husain rd., Ke Naam Par Sabeel Karna
Bahut si chize aisi he jinko log muharram ke das dino me badi pabandi ke saath karte he jaise Hazrat Husain (rd). ke naam par sabil lagana aur khana paka kar khilana isko savab ka kaam samza jata he, lekin is me bahot si kharabiya he, sabile lagana, pani, sharbat vagera ko khas karna ye deen me jyadti he, log is me ek galat aqida ye bhi rakhte he ki Hazrat Husain (rd). Karbala me bhuke pyase shahid huve the ye khana aur sharbat unki pyas ko bujhayega, to iski koyi hakikat nahi he.
| ️Muharrram Me Qabrastan Jane Ki Pabandi Karna
bahut se ilako me ye rasam maujud he ki log das muharram ko qabrastan jate he, qabro ki lipayi karate he uspar battiya jalate he, ful vaaghera dalte he, in kamo ko khas taur par muharram ke dino me karna bidat he, kyoke shariyat me in kamo ke liye koyi khas din mukarar nahi kiya he, aur nahi in dino me iski koyi fazilat bayan ki he, isliye is se bachna chahiye, is me ek kharabi ye he ki is din aurte qabrstan jati he, is daur me inka qabrastan jana fitne se khali nahi, aur hadis me is se roka bhi gaya he, tarjuma;Rasulullahﷺ ne qabro ki ziyarat karne vali aurto par qabro ko sajda gah banane valo par aur qabro par chirag jalane valo par lanat ki he [tirmizi; j, 1 s; 73]
Maulana Ilyas Ghuman Sahab Rh.