Title: Traditional Indian costumes & textiles
Description: Clothes are natural to man and their proper decoration on his unclothed body is not ugly, on the contrary it is beautiful and pleasing, perhaps we should blame the serpent in the Garden of Eden, who was responsible for arousing Eve and making her aware of her body. Evolution of costumes and Textiles began the day Eve strategically covered herself with the first fig leaf! But her garments did not have a lasting quality and she probably changed them as often as her moods. We can see from ancient paintings and sculptures that the Indian woman was as fashion conscious as their European counter parts.
History testifies that man has throughout been inventing and creating for their fulfilment. It is, therefore that his essential love of nature has been manifest directly or indirectly in all such creations. His needs, his socio-geographical environment, his economic status are all fully represented therein. Particularly, among these, his costumes show the utmost influence of the social life, the seasons and his field of work. It is the "costume which establishes his individual identity in society and which also links him up with the social hierarchy.
Textiles have been produced in India since antiquity. However, very few of the old textiles still exist. One reason is that cloth has long been regarded solely as an article of consumption, rather than as an art form, and designs are lost through everyday wear and tear.
The Indian village of now bears little resemblance to its predecessor of about four thousand years ago. Yet the bulk of early styles of costumes, such as embroidered, painted, dyed and printed textiles, may be described as genuine traditional art in the original sense of the term. As time went on, however, the cultural isolation of most of the villages decreased in proportion to their growing contacts with nearby towns, and consequently with the culture of the great temple complexes and the royal courts which represented the then prevailing phase of Indian high art. Practically no aspect of village culture or tribal life remained untouched as cultural exchanges and reciprocal influences took place.
Another factor, which played an equally important role in the development of traditional Indian textiles and costumes over several thousand years, is the country’s geography. In the cultural and historical sense, India constitutes a vast subcontinent of strongly contrasting physical features and corresponding variations in climate. In the north, the weather was cold, the textiles produced were generally embroidered or if they were woven, small handlooms were used, as the work had to be carried out indoors. The raw material used was wool, which was freely available. In the south, the
hot and humid temperature was very good for black soil cultivation; thus the best quality of cottons could be accessed from there. The Deccan plateau, with its waste forests having mulberry cultivation produced silk in abundance. In the west, having mixed climate, the best quality printing along with different styles of embroidered and woven work was done. In the East, the cottons, silk and woollen materials were embroidered and woven.
Subjects: History, Clothing and dress, Costume, Embroidery, Textile industry
Places: India