Title: ʻUlamāʾ wa-mufakkirkūn ʻaraftuhum
Subjects: Biography, Muslim Scholars, Scholars, Muslim, Justification (Islamic law), Istiḥsān (Islamic law), Istiṣlāḥ (Islamic law), Liability (Islamic law), Necessity (Islamic law), Maqāṣid (Islamic law), Criminal liability (Islamic law), Duress (Islamic law), Islam, Doctrines