Title: The New Deal's Black congressman
First published: 1997
Description: In this fascinating biography, Dennis S. Nordin chronicles the life of Arthur Wergs Mitchell, the first black Democrat to be elected to Congress. Although he is now one of history's forgotten figures, Mitchell was once almost as well known among black college students as Jesse Owens and Joe Louis. Nordin, however, shows that Mitchell's achievements and thus his fame were the direct result of his questionable deeds.

Mitchell found himself owing his political success and thus his loyalty to the Chicago Machine. Because he was under strict orders from Chicago Mayor Ed Kelly not to cause problems or be confrontational, Mitchell favored the Machine's interests over those of his constituents.

It was only in the later years of his political career that Mitchell began to show opposition to his Machine backing. He had been an opponent of the NAACP in his first years in Congress, but later became a strong supporter of an NAACP antilynching bill. In 1937, Mitchell sued three railroad companies for not offering equal treatment and accommodations for all passengers. The case went to the Supreme Court, which gave Mitchell a favorable ruling.

As a result of these "confrontational" acts, the Chicago Machine quickly decided to endorse Mitchell in the elections of 1942.

In his research, Nordin relies on such primary sources as manuscripts, newspapers, and court records, as well as information from interviews with Mitchell's friends, neighbors, colleagues, political rivals, and widow. Woven tightly together, these sources form a narrative that reveals a most complex and intriguing individual, a man whose political and moral views and acts were strongly linked to the goals of the great Chicago political Machine.
Subjects: African American legislators, African Americans, Biography, Legislators, New Deal, 1933-1939, Politics and government, Race relations, United States, United States. Congress. House, New Deal, Politique et gouvernement, Noirs américains, Biographies, Parlementaires, États-Unis, États-Unis. Congress. House, Parlementaires négro-américains, United States. Congress. House of Representatives, Relations raciales, Biographie, African american politicians, United states, politics and government, 1933-1945
Places: Chicago, Illinois, United States
People: Arthur Wergs Mitchell (1883-1968)
Time periods: 1933-1945
LC classification: E748.M63 N67 1997