Title: Chính sách "đóng cửa" và "mở cửa" ở một số quốc gia Đông Nam Á từ cuối thế kỷ XIII đến cuối thế kỷ XIX
Description: Research on the "closed" and "open" policies of Southeast Asian nations from the late 18th century to the late 19th century and the behavior of Southeast Asian political subjects for Western powers, and the characteristics and consequences of those policies for these countries.
Subjects: Globalization, Commerce, Economic integration, Foreign economic relations
Places: Southeast Asia
Time periods: 19th century