Title: Accountability for the Human Right to Sanitation in South Africa’s Informal Settlements
Description: Despite South Africa’s international and domestic commitments to the right to sanitation, approximately twenty percent of the population did not have access to adequate sanitation as of 2014. As a large portion of this population resides in informal settlements, civil society organizations are attempting to hold the government accountable for the realization of the right to sanitation in these areas. In an attempt to determine if civil society organizations and their employment of various strategies have the ability to accomplish this objective, eight civil society organizations were interviewed about their use of strategies. The empirical evidence revealed specific trends about civil society organizations’ use of strategies and the challenges surrounding their objectives, including that civil society organizations are attempting to balance the use of cooperative approaches and adversarial approaches in their employment of strategies. This thesis seeks to expand on theories on how civil society impacts the realization of socioeconomic rights, and more significantly, it aims to fill in the gaps in literature on civil society’s use of advocacy strategies to hold the government accountable for the right to sanitation.

This thesis seeks to contribute to the development of better methods for demanding accountability for this right. Accountability will lead to better realization of the right to sanitation for the informal settlement population in South Africa.