RELATIONSHIP OF TEMPORAL EXPERIENCE TO HUMAN TIME.
Contributors: New York University.
Published: 1988
Number of pages: 126
Subjects: Health Sciences, Nursing.
Description: This study investigates Rogers' correlate of temporal patterning in unitary human beings in relation to Huegenholtz's time form of human time, characterized by openness, boundarylessness, continuous change, creativity and innovation. A descriptive correlational design was employed to test the hypothesis: There is an increasing magnitude of relationship of temporal experience to human time from the direction of time dragging to time racing to timelessness.

A convenience sample of 120 native American female nursing students, ages 20 to 40, was employed. Data was collected in group classroom settings in two graduate programs.

Instruments administered were the Temporal Experience Scales (TES) developed for this study, and the Human Time Scale (HTS). The TES contains three independent eight item Likert scales: Time Dragging Scale (DRG), Time Racing Scale (RAC) and the Timelessness Scale (TLN). Validity was established by factor analysis ($N$ = 305). Alpha reliability was: DRG =.82; RAC =.74; TLN =.79. The HTS is a 34 item Likert scale developed by factor analytic techniques ($N$ = 161). Split-half reliability was.82.

The hypothesis was partially supported. The three predictor variables, DRG, RAC and TLN accounted for 15% of the variance of the criterion, HTS ($R$ =.3878, $F$ (3,116) = 6.8453, $p <$.001) using stepwise multiple regression statistics. TLN had the greatest magnitude in the predicted direction ($R$ =.266, $F$ (1,118) = 8.99, $p <$.01. RAC and DRG were significantly correlated ($r$ =.448, $p <$.01) and contributed 8% of the variance. DRG was also inversely related to both TLN and HTS. These factors distorted the analysis. DRG and RAC did not achieve the predicted direction or magnitude. A trend in the predicted direction was found in the zero order correlations. Sample reliabilities (Cronbach's alpha) were: DRG =.38, RAC =.72, TLN =.78, HTS =.88.

Rogers' postulated patterns of time dragging, time racing and timelessness were supported by the development of the TES as demonstrated by factor analysis. The validity of the construct of timelessness as a temporal pattern of human development was supported. Additional study is recommended to expand the TES to both sexes, diverse age groups and other cultures. Investigation of additional methodologies to test subjective temporal experience is suggested.
Notes: Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 49-05, Section: B, page: 1621.

Thesis (PH.D.)--NEW YORK UNIVERSITY, 1988.

School code: 0146.