Christian philosophy, God
Subtitle: Being A Contribution To A Philosophy Of Theism
Publisher: Benziger Bros.
Published: 1900
Place of publication: New York, USA
Language: eng
Table of contents: title: CONTENTS.; title: CHAPTER I.; title: Agnosticism.; title: I. Modern Philosophy compared to:; title: (i) Greek Philosophy, V cent., B. C.   6; title: (a) Scholasticism of 13th cent  6; title: II. Agnosticism:; title: (1) Origin:; title: (a) the term: Mr. Huxley 7; title: (b) the doctrine: fundamentally the same as Greek Scepticism, but circumstances are different 7; title: (2) Development:; title: (a) philosophical: Real Phenomenalism, e. g., Locke; Ideal Phenomenalism, e. g. t Kant; both combine in Huxley, Spencer, etc 3; title: (b) scientific: decline of Hegel; rise and spread of physical science   12; title: (c) false representations of religious truth 15; title: III. Doctrine:; title: (1) with Tyndall, Huxley: fragmentary 16; title: (2) with Spencer: systematic 17; title: (a) phenomenon and noumenon.; title: (b) Relativity of Knowledge, e. g. t Hamilton, Mill, Grote, Spencer.; title: IV. Criticism:; title: (1) true method 19; title: (2) True and false Agnosticism 21; title: (3) contradictions of Mr. Spencer 22; title: (4) Philosophy of Religion 23; title: V. Influence: in Science, Biblical Studies, Theology, Literature   23; title: CHAPTER II.; title: The Fact.; title: Belief in God a psychological fact 26; title: I. Universal in place 27; title: II. Universal In time: primitive monotheism. 29.; title: (1) in general 29.; title: (2) speciatim:; title: (a) Indo-Europeans:; title: (1) Hindus 30; title: (a) Persians 33; title: (3) Greece and Rome 35; title: (4) conclusion 35; title: (d) Egyptians  36; title: (c) China. 37; title: (d) Semites 38; title: (e) Savages:; title: (1) Individual testimony 39; title: (2) Traditions 41; title: (3) theory of evolution disproved. 41; title: (3) CwMlfes*o»: primitive purity, degeneracy, primitive revelation, monotheism.  42; title: III. Expression of the Fact:; title: (1) by moral and metaphysical relations 43; title: (2) by phenomena of the asternal world 44; title: CHAPTER III.; title: Origin of the Belief.; title: I. Theory of Innate Ideas 45; title: 1. Defenders 46; title: a. Criticism:; title: (a) False Assumption 47; title: (b) False basis.; title: (c) Idea of God.; title: II. Theory of Evolution 49; title: 1. Defenders: Spencer  50; title: a. Criticism 53; title: (a) Assumptions.; title: (b) False.; title: (c) Fallacious.; title: III. Theory of Theosophy.  55; title: 1. Teaching,; title: a. Forms:; title: (a) Ontologism:; title: (1) De Bonald, Donnetti  56; title: (2) Neo-Hegelians 57; title: (3) Criticism 58; title: (b) Special faculty:; title: (1) Forme  58; title: (2) Muller 58; title: (3) Critteism   59; title: (c) Theory of feeling:; title: (1) Defenders  59; title: (2) Doctrine.; title: (3) Criticism.; title: IV. Theory of Christian Philosophy 60; title: 1. Sources,; title: 2. Teaching.; title: CHAPTER IV.; title: Mental Life.; title: I. Grounds for idea of God in consciousness 63; title: II. Errors:; title: (1) The a prioti proof: Anselm, Scotus, DesCartes, Leibnitz  64; title: (2) The Neo-Hegelian: Fichte, Hegel, The Neo-Hegelians 67; title: III. Theory of Christian Philosophy 70; title: (1) Method a posteriori 71; title: (2) Argument.; title: (a) The universal idea viewed as to its content 7a; title: (b) The judgment: first principles 75; title: (c) Reasoning: error, mathematics, reign of truth 76; title: (d) St. Augustine, Bossuet, Fenelon — the facts of ignorance, of discovery 78; title: teaching   79; title: IV. Criticism oi Prof. Royct: criticism 80; title: CHAPTER V.; title: Moral Life.; title: Argument is two-fold: law of conscience and aspirations of the soul   83; title: I. Argument from conscience 84; title: 1°. The Moral Order:; title: (1) right and wrong 84; title: (2) obligation, moral necessity and moral order 85; title: (3) sanction in the individual and in history 86; title: 2°. Conscience 87; title: (1) the voice of the moral law.; title: (2) its nature and office.; title: 3°. Argument. 88; title: (1) how formulated.; title: (2) its conclusion: a just and good God.; title: 4°. Errors, e. g. Kant 89; title: (1) his notion of morality.; title: (2) Independent morality, e.g., Neo-Kantians, disciples of culture, ethical societies, etc.; title: (3) criticism.; title: II. Argument from fundamental desires 91; title: 1°. aspiration for truth.; title: 2°. love of the good.; title: 3°. desire of life.; title: 4°. longing for happiness.; title: 5°. man's religious nature.; title: Conclusion; force of the argument 93; title: CHAPTER VI.; title: Contingency.; title: I. Basis of the argument: the fact of change 96; title: II. The argument 97; title: (1) chemistry 97; title: (2) Physics:; title: (a) mechanical physics 99; title: (b) Thermo-Dynamics 100; title: (3) Astronomy 103; title: (4) Geology  105; title: (5) Biology 106; title: (6) Anthropology 110; title: (7) Mathematics 111; title: Conclusion.; title: CHAPTER VII.; title: Causality.; title: 1. The principle:; title: (1) cause 117; title: (2) efficient cause: its nature   118; title: (3) how expressed:; title: (a) every effect has a cause 119; title: (b) the dependent demands the independent 120; title: (c) a thing beginning to be demands a reason for the beginning. 120; title: (4) how proved  121; title: II. Errors 121; title: (1) Hume:; title: (a) genesis of cause: its value 122; title: (b) criticism: experience — value of Hume's position 122; title: (2) Mill:; title: (a) nature of cause 125; title: (b) criticism 125; title: III. Argument 126; title: CHAPTER VIII.; title: Motion.; title: I. The Principle 129; title: (1) motion: potential and kinetic energy 130; title: (2) definition of Aristotle 131; title: II. Errors: Hegel. 131; title: (1) The ro fieri 132; title: (2) criticism:; title: (a) false philosophically 132; title: (b) false scientifically 133; title: (c) falsity of Neo-Hegeiianism 133; title: III. The Argument 133; title: IV. The Argument from Local Motion 133; title: (1) nature of local motion  134; title: (2) nature of attraction:; title: (a) theory of Mechanists 135; title: (b) theory of Dynamists 137; title: (3) objections:; title: (a) eternal motion 138; title: (b) Kant's theory 139; title: V. Argument from Mutation 140; title: (1) question stated   140; title: (2) basis:; title: (a) everything in motion is moved by something else 140; title: (b) infinite series impossible 143; title: (3) reducible to local motion 144; title: VI. Conclusion 145; title: CHAPTER I; title: Order.; title: History — importance 147; title: I. Basis 148; title: final cause: question stated 149; title: II. The Fact 151; title: (1) efficient and final cause 151; title: (2) final cause necessary:; title: (a) Physiology 152; title: (b) Psychology 153; title: (c) Ethics 154; title: III. The Principle 156; title: (1) nature 156; title: (2) Proof 157; title: (a) facts: hypothesis of chance.; title: (b) conscious experience.; title: (c) animal life.; title: (d) external nature: nature add art; title: (e) material universe.; title: IV. Theories.  161; title: 1°. Mechanical:; title: (a) doctrine: 161; title: (b) criticism  162; title: 2°. Evolution:; title: (a) forms: Monism, Agnosticism, Darwinism 165; title: (b) criticism. 165; title: 3°. Pantheism: Schoppenaauer, Hartman 172; title: V. Theory of Christian Philosophy 174; title: i°. Doctrine.; title: 2°. Proof:; title: (1) by exclusion.; title: (2) by reasoning from facts.; title: (3) method and conclusion.; title: CHAPTER X.; title: Creation.; title: I. Theory of Pantheism. 179; title: 1°. Theory of Emanation  180; title: (1) doctrine.; title: (2) forms:; title: (a) India 181; title: (b) Gnostics 182; title: (c) Neo-Platonism 183; title: (d) Erigena , 183; title: (e) Cousin 184; title: (3) criticism 185; title: 2°. Theory of Manifestation. 185; title: (1) doctrine.; title: (2) forms:; title: (a) India 186; title: (b) Stoic 187; title: (c) Spinoza 188; title: (3) Influence 189; title: 3°. Transcendental Theory. 190; title: (1) doctrine.; title: (2) forms:; title: (a) Vedanta 191; title: (b) German Transcendentalism 198; title: II. Dnalistic Theory  200; title: (1) history and forma. 200; title: (a) Ethical dualism 201; title: III. Theory of Creation 202; title: (1) notion 202; title: (2) proof 204; title: CHAPTER XI.; title: Unity.; title: I. Unity 209; title: II. Simple Unity 211; title: (1) not collective unity an; title: (2) not potential unity 213; title: (3) not abstract unity 217; title: III. Theory of Christian Philosophy 223; title: (t) simple unity , 223; title: (2) not a physical composite, e. g. body 223; title: (3) not a metaphysical composite, e. g.  soul 224; title: (4) not a logical composite 227; title: (5) God a pure act, a pure spirit 228; title: Immanence and Transcendence of God 229; title: CHAPTER XII.; title: Providence.; title: Question stated 231; title: I. Notion of Providence : law, government, order, meaning of law, 333; title: II. The Material World 335; title: reign of law: Astronomy, Chemistry, Physics:; title: III. Organic World 240; title: reign of law: Biology, Anatomy, Physiology.; title: IV. Difficulties:; title: (1) perturbations in stellar universe, e. g. Astronomy, Meteorology 246; title: (2) prodigality in organic kingdom 248; title: (3) useless organs  250; title: CHAPTER XIII.; title: Prayer.; title: The question. 253; title: I. The Fact 254; title: II. Theory of Modern Science 255; title: (1) prayer opposed to physical laws: its true value 256; title: (2) criticism 258; title: III. Miracles 260; title: (1) nature 260; title: (2) Errors:; title: (a) Pantheists: Spinoza, Spencer, Hegel 265; title: (b) Physical Scientists 266; title: (c) facts denied, e. g. Tyndall, Huxley 268; title: IV. Special Providences 270; title: (1) nature 270; title: (2) how illustrated 271; title: V. Conclusion 275; title: CHAPTER XIV.; title: Pessimism.; title: I. Buddhism 276; title: (1) origin 276; title: (2) doctrine:; title: (1) Buddhism of Gotama 278; title: (2) Four Noble Truths 279; title: II. Schoppenhauer 285; title: (1) doctrine:; title: (a) sources, basis 283; title: (b) will the only reality 284; title: (c) value of life:; title: (a) a priori 285; title: (b) a posteriori. 286; title: (2) criticism:; title: (a) theory of knowledge false 287; title: (b) principle is false 287; title: III. Hartman 289; title: (1) doctrine:; title: (a) genesis, the unconscious, matter and mind 289; title: (b) Hedonism, value and goal of life 290; title: (2) criticism 291; title: IV. Influence 292; title: V. Causes 294; title: (1) Philosophical.; title: (2) Ethical.; title: (3) Religious.; title: CHAPTER XV.; title: Evil.; title: I. The Problem 297; title: (1) nature of evil.; title: (2) nature and kinds of good.; title: II. In the Material World 300; title: (1) Principle of finality 300; title: (2) ends, tendencies, final cause 303; title: (3) mutual fitnesses, existence of goodness fundamental and universal 305; title: III. In Human Life 307; title: (1) Theory of Hedonism:; title: (a) exposition. 308; title: (b) criticism 308; title: (2) Theory of Utilitariarism:; title: (a) exposition. 310; title: (b) Empirical, Intuitional and Evolutionary Ethics 311; title: (c) criticism 312; title: (3) Theory of Christian Philosophy 314; title: (a) in Animal Life: tendencies; pleasure and pain; animal and human pain 314; title: (b) in Human Life:; title: (1) good, and moral order 316; title: (2) nature of evil  317; title: (3) physical pain and moral evil 319; title: (4) pain in Human Life 319; title: IV. Conclusion 320; title: CHAPTER XVI.; title: Natural and Supernatural.; title: The Problem  322; title: I. Theory of Positivism; title: (a) teaching. 322; title: (b) supernatural.; title: (c) idea of humanity.; title: (d) criticism.; title: II. Theory of Pantheism 326; title: (a) teaching.; title: (b) defenders.; title: III. Theory of Dr. Bushnell 329; title: (a) teaching.; title: (b) criticism.; title: IV. Theory of Christian Philosophy 332; title: (a) natural.; title: (b) supernatural.; title: Conclusion 335