New insights into protective immunity against endemic human coronaviruses
Edition: thesis
Publisher: UvA
Published: 9 July 2024
Place of publication: Amsterdam NL
Language: eng
Format: paperback
ISBN-13: 978-94-93391-03-1
Copyright date: 2024
First sentence: Human coronavirus (HCoV) NL63, HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-HKU1 are coronaviruses
(CoV) that are endemic in humans.
Description: Human Coronavirus (HCoV) NL63, HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-HKU1 are coronaviruses that cause seasonal mild respiratory infection in humans . Collectively, they are known as endemic (or seasonal) HCoVs. These four HCoVs have been around in human population for centuries, and therefore they could serve as a model of the endemicity of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This thesis explored the frequency and disease manifestation of endemic HCoV (re)infections in immunocompetent adults and people living with HIV-1 (PLWH), as well as the host factors that potentially influence such reinfections. Interval length between endemic HCoV reinfections did not appear to influence disease manifestation at the subsequent infections in adults, and the incidence of reinfection did not differ significantly between them and PLWH. Previous exposure to HCoV-OC43 appeared to reduce the risk of subsequent infection by SARS-CoV-2 at the start of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Furthermore, in a population with acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), the majority of HCoV-HKU1-infected people lacked a typical serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) rise compared to people infected by other HCoVs, and their illness was rated as mild as well. Lastly, in the same population of people with acute LRTI without significant serum IgG rise, their nasal immunoglobulin A (IgA) were significantly higher at the first week of the illness compared to people with a typical serum IgG rise in response to the infection. [from description]
Notes: academisch proefschrift
Table of contents: title: vi; title: Contents; title: Chapter 1 General introduction 1; title: Chapter 2 Influenza-like illness symptoms due to endemic human; title: coronavirus reinfections are not influenced by the length of; title: the interval separating reinfections; title: 11; title: Chapter 3 Untreated HIV-1 infection and low CD4+ T cell counts; title: and their effect on endemic HCoV (re)infection; title: 35; title: Chapter 4 Recent infection with HCoV-OC43 may be associated with; title: protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection; title: 59; title: Chapter 5 Atypical antibody dynamics during human coronavirus; title: HKU1 infections; title: 81; title: Chapter 6 Endemic human coronavirus-specific nasal; title: immunoglobulin A and serum immunoglobulin G; title: dynamics in lower respiratory tract infections; title: 101; title: Chapter 7 General discussion 117; title: Addendum; title: Summary 130; title: Samenvatting 132; title: Portfolio 134; title: Acknowledgement 136; title: About the Author 139