The veterinary laboratory and field manual
Subtitle: a guide for veterinary laboratory technicians and animal health advisors
By: S.C. Cork and R.W. Halliwell
Contributors: Halliwell, R. W. (Roy W.)
Edition: 2nd ed.
Publisher: Nottingham University Press
Published: 2012
Place of publication: Nottingham
Language: eng
Number of pages: 581
ISBN-13: 9781908062093
Subjects: Veterinary clinical pathology; Veterinary laboratories; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Veterinary; Veterinary Pathology; Methods
Notes: Includes bibliographical references and index.
Table of contents: title: Machine generated contents note:; title: 1.; title: Setting Up And Using A Laboratory Service -- -- 1.1.; title: The role of the veterinary laboratory network within animal health extension services --; title: Infrastructure and function of the regional or district veterinary laboratory --; title: Legislation and responsibility --; title: Education and public relations --; title: Practical training (workshops) --; title: Field visits --; title: Planning field work and the use of a mobile laboratory --; title: Buildings and maintenance --; title: Location and design --; title: Services --; title: Power supply: Electricity and gas --; title: Water supply --; title: Transport and communication services --; title: Managing supplies --; title: Stock control --; title: Store sections --; title: A note on district laboratories -- -- 1.2.; title: Staff requirements --; title: Field work --; title: Laboratory --; title: Training laboratory technicians -- -- 1.3.; title: Safety in the laboratory --; title: Handling potentially infectious material --; title: Legislation (national and local authorities) --; title: Waste disposal and biosecurity --; title: Incinerators --; title: Biological pits --; title: Procedures and protocols --; title: Apparatus --; title: Glassware --; title: Pipettes --; title: Knives and sharp implements --; title: Chemicals --; title: Fire prevention and control -- -- 1.4.; title: Sample selection, submission and clinical diagnosis --; title: Clinical examination --; title: General guidelines for performing a clinical examination --; title: Sample submission, preservation and communication with the laboratory --; title: General guidelines for submitting samples to the laboratory --; title: Sample collection kits --; title: Collection of material for laboratory examination --; title: Specimens and laboratory diagnosis --; title: Sending specimens to the laboratory -- -- 1.5.; title: Quality assurance and control --; title: Providing a quality service --; title: Ensuring the quality of laboratory test results -- -- 1.6.; title: Recording, reporting and interpretation of results -- -- 2.; title: The Selection, Use And Maintenance Of Laboratory Equipment And Supplies -- -- 2.1.; title: Criteria for the selection of appropriate equipment --; title: Equipment maintenance, servicing and repairs -- -- 2.2.; title: Specific equipment --; title: Refrigerators and freezers --; title: Principles --; title: Care, maintenance and quality control --; title: Autoclaves --; title: Standard care, maintenance and quality control for a simple bench top autoclave --; title: Centrifuges --; title: Hand-operated centrifuge --; title: Microhaematocrit centrifuge --; title: General purpose centrifuge --; title: Care, maintenance and general operating rules --; title: pH meters --; title: The principle of pH --; title: Simple methods of assessing pH --; title: Guidelines for use --; title: Incubators --; title: Care, maintenance and quality control --; title: Ovens --; title: Balances --; title: Use, maintenance and quality control --; title: Water baths --; title: Use and maintenance of water baths --; title: Water distillers and deionisers --; title: Distillers --; title: Use, care and maintenance --; title: Deionisers --; title: Automatic/calibrated pipettes and dispensers --; title: Pipettes --; title: How to use a `displacement' micropipettor --; title: Dispensers --; title: Colorimetery equipment and spectrophotometers --; title: Spectrophotometers --; title: Use and care of a colorimeter/spectrophotometer --; title: Microscopes --; title: The compound microscope --; title: Parts of the microscope --; title: Precautions --; title: Using the light microscope --; title: Dark field illumination --; title: How to get the most from your microscope --; title: The microscopic field --; title: Systematic examination --; title: Calibration of the microscope --; title: Using a micrometer-eyepiece and a counting chamber to measure the actual size of objects -- -- 2.3.; title: A note on ELISA tests and specialized technology --; title: ELISA plate reader --; title: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) --; title: Electron microscopy (EM) --; title: Automated haematology and biochemistry systems -- -- 2.4.; title: General laboratory ware --; title: Glassware and plastic --; title: Bottles --; title: Beakers --; title: Flasks --; title: Graduated cylinders --; title: Pipettes --; title: Care and cleaning of laboratory ware --; title: Cleaning and disinfection procedures are outlined below --; title: Use of detergents for cleaning glassware --; title: Use of ultrasonic baths --; title: Physical methods of sterilization --; title: Radiation --; title: Filtration --; title: Chemical methods of sterilization --; title: Phenolics -- -- 3.; title: Parasitology -- -- 3.1.; title: Introduction -- -- 3.2.; title: General helminthology --; title: Collection and preservation of faecal samples --; title: Methods used to look for helminth eggs in faeces --; title: Preparation of a standard suspension --; title: Qualitative techniques --; title: Quantitative techniques --; title: Modified Stoll counting technique (sedimentation) --; title: Culture, recovery and identification of larvae --; title: Larval extraction for lungworm larvae --; title: Larval culture --; title: Other helminthological techniques --; title: Post-mortem (necropsy) --; title: Total worm count --; title: Interpretation of parasitology results -- -- 3.3.; title: Helminths of veterinary importance --; title: Nematodes (roundworms) --; title: Cestodes --; title: Trematodes (flukes) --; title: Effects of parasitic helminths on their hosts --; title: Diseases caused by nematodes (roundworms) --; title: Gastrointestinal nematodes --; title: A note on anthelmintic resistance --; title: Specific nematodes of veterinary significance --; title: Nematodes found in the `stomach' or abomasum --; title: Nematodes found in the small intestine --; title: Nematodes found in the large intestine and caecum --; title: Large `roundworms' or ascarids --; title: Disease process and clinical signs --; title: Nematodes which live in the lungs --; title: Nematodes which live in other organs --; title: Diseases caused by cestodes --; title: Taenia sp. tapeworms (Cysticercosis) --; title: Coenurosis or Gid --; title: Echinococcosis or Hydatidosis --; title: Diseases caused by trematodes --; title: Fluke (Fascioliasis) --; title: Stomach fluke or conical fluke infection (Paramphistomum sp.) --; title: Dicrocoeliosis (Dicrocoelium dendriticum) --; title: Schistosomiasis (Schistosoma sp.) --; title: PROTOZOA -- -- 3.4.; title: Introduction to protozoal organisms --; title: Classification, development and life cycles -- -- 3.5.; title: Protozoal diseases --; title: Coccidiosis --; title: Prevention --; title: Treatment --; title: Toxoplasmosis --; title: Diagnosis --; title: Prevention and control --; title: Sarcocystis --; title: Diagnosis --; title: Prevention and control --; title: Neospora caninum --; title: Cryptosporidia --; title: Diagnosis --; title: Prevention and control --; title: Trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis --; title: Other flagellates --; title: Other protozoa --; title: Balantidiasis -- -- 3.6.; title: Haemoparasites of ruminants --; title: Diagnosis, control and prevention --; title: Preparation and examination of blood and tissue smears --; title: Methods --; title: Smear preparation --; title: Stains and staining --; title: Stain preparation --; title: Concentrating Microfilariae and Trypanosomes --; title: Immunological tests --; title: Diseases caused by haemoparasites in ruminants --; title: Theileriasis --; title: Life cycle --; title: Clinical disease --; title: Diagnosis --; title: Control and prevention --; title: Babesiosis (Piroplasmosis) = red water fever --; title: Anaplasmosis-Gall sickness --; title: Trypanosomiasis --; title: Other trypanosomes --; title: The `One Health' approach -- -- 3.7.; title: Introduction to veterinary entomology --; title: Classification and identification --; title: Samples for ectoparasite examination -- -- 3.8.; title: Ticks and tick borne diseases --; title: Tick identification --; title: Prevention and control -- -- 3.9.; title: Mites and mange --; title: Skin scrapings and tissue digestion --; title: Examination procedure -- -- 3.10.; title: Lice and other insects --; title: Lice --; title: Lice common in livestock --; title: Anoplura (sucking lice) --; title: Mallophaga (biting lice) --; title: Other insects --; title: Identification of insects --; title: Diseases transmitted by arthropod vectors -- -- 4.; title: Microbiology -- -- 4.1.; title: General sample collection, preparation and handling -- -- 4.2.; title: Introduction to bacteriology --; title: Anatomy of the bacterial cell --; title: Brief description of cell components and their function --; title: Cell wall --; title: Cytoplasmic membrane --; title: Cytoplasm --; title: Genetic information --; title: Capsule --; title: Flagella --; title: Fimbriae or pili --; title: Endospores --; title: Morphology and classification -- -- 4.3.; title: Sample collection, preparation and submission --; title: Samples commonly collected --; title: Laboratory examination of specimens --; title: Routine and special stains used for microbiology smears --; title: Gram stain --; title: Modified Ziehl Neelsen Stain -- -- 4.4.; title: Culture and identification of bacteria --; title: Media and special requirements --; title: Oxygen requirements --; title: Media --; title: Sterility --; title: Storage --; title: General types of media and terminology used --; title: pH requirements --; title: Temperature --; title: Routine approach to samples submitted for bacteriological examination --; title: Goals of primary inoculation --; title: Identification of bacteria --; title: Routine stains used in microbiology --; title: The Gram stain --; title: Biochemical tests --; title: Beta-galactosidase test --; title: Oxidation fermentation test --; title: Catalase test --; title: Citrate test --; title: Coagulase test --; title: Gelatine liquefaction --; title: Hydrogen sulphide production --; title: Methyl red (MR) reaction --; title: Voges-Proskauer (VP) reaction --; title: Nitrate reduction test --; title: Oxidase (cytochrome oxidase) test --; title: Urea hydrolysis test --; title: Motility test --; title: Commercial identification systems for bacteria --; title: Serological typing --; title: Quantitative tests-counting bacteria -- -- 4.5.; title: Antibiotic sensitivity and antibiotic use --; title: Disk-diffusion antibiotic sensitivity tests --; title: Choice of drug for disc (disk) test --; title: Examples of suitable `first-line' test antibiotics --; title: Culture medium --; title: Test procedure --; title: Inoculation of primary cultures direct from specimen --; title: From pure sub-culture --; title: Control cultures --; title: Reading and interpretation of results --; title: A note on antimicrobial resistance --; title: Acquired resistance --; title: Multiple resistance --; title: Epidemiology of resistance --; title: How to select an antimicrobial drug --; title: Accurate diagnosis --; title: Antibiotic sensitivity testing --; title: Treatment selection and efficacy --; title: Duration and feasibility --; title: Drug withholding period --; title: Alternatives to antibiotics -- -- 4.6.; title: Mycology --; title: Moulds and yeast --; title: Clinical importance --; title: Laboratory diagnosis --; title: Fungal infections of the skin --; title: Specimens to collect --; title: Examples of specific fungal diseases --; title: Ringworm --; title: Direct microscopy --; title: Appearance of skin scales, nails or crusts in KOH preparation --; title: Culture --; title: Choice of media; title: Note continued:; title: Fungi which are commonly isolated from cases of ringworm and other skin conditions in animals --; title: Other fungal pathogens --; title: Mycotoxins -- -- 4.7.; title: Virology --; title: Properties of viruses --; title: Methods used to diagnose viral infections --; title: Light microscope --; title: Electron microscope --; title: Fluorescence --; title: Viral culture methods --; title: Laboratory animals --; title: Cell culture --; title: Virus propagation in chicken embryos --; title: Techniques of embryo inoculation --; title: Methods used to diagnose viral diseases --; title: Agglutination and precipitation --; title: Compliment fixation --; title: Neutralisation tests --; title: Virus haemagglutination (HA test) --; title: Haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) --; title: ELISA -- serology and antigen capture --; title: Protection tests --; title: Benefits and limitations of rapid `pen side' tests -- -- 4.8.; title: Molecular microbiology and its application as a diagnostic tool --; title: Introduction --; title: Techniques --; title: Hybridisation --; title: DNA:DNA/DNA:RNA --; title: Probes and microarrays --; title: DNA restriction --; title: Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) --; title: Amplification --; title: Conventional PCR --; title: Real time PCR (qPCR) --; title: Binary Typing using PCR --; title: Isothermal amplification --; title: Sequencing --; title: Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) --; title: Digitalised isolate information, bioinformatics and epidemiology --; title: Next generation sequencing and metagenomics -- -- 5.; title: Haematology -- -- 5.1.; title: Introduction --; title: The haematopoietic system: terminology --; title: Blood volume and the appearance and characteristics of blood cells -- -- 5.2.; title: Collection of specimens --; title: Preparation and staining of blood and bone marrow smears --; title: Method --; title: Stain preparation -- -- 5.3.; title: Cell counts and white cell indices --; title: Peroxidase reaction --; title: Differential white blood cell count --; title: Total cell counts --; title: Total white cell count --; title: Calculation (depends on the type of haemocytometer used) --; title: Total red cell count --; title: Calculation (depends on the type of haemocytometer used) -- -- 5.4.; title: Red cell indices and anaemia --; title: Anaemia --; title: Packed cell volume (PCV) --; title: Determination of haemoglobin content --; title: Sahli's acid haematin method --; title: Method --; title: Cyanmethaemoglobin method --; title: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate --; title: Method --; title: Interpretation (simplified) -- -- 5.5.; title: Collection and examination of smears from bone marrow -- -- 5.6.; title: Determination of normal values -- -- 5.7.; title: Interpretation of results -- -- 5.8.; title: A note on automated systems -- -- 6.; title: Serology And Immunology -- -- 6.1.; title: Introduction --; title: The immune response -- -- 6.2.; title: Antigens and antibodies --; title: Antigen --; title: Antibody/immunoglobulins --; title: Structure and function of immunoglobulins (ig) --; title: Primary antibody response --; title: Definition and use of terms -- -- 6.3.; title: Tests used to measure antibody/antigen reactions --; title: Agglutination and precipitation tests --; title: Slide agglutination --; title: Equipment --; title: Procedure --; title: Recording the results --; title: Tube agglutination --; title: Example of the tube agglutination test --; title: Equipment --; title: Method --; title: Results --; title: Interpretation --; title: Immunodiffusion tests --; title: Haemagglutination tests --; title: Haemagglutination inhibition test --; title: HA test --; title: Titration of virus by haemagglutination --; title: Haemagglutination inhibition test (HI test) --; title: Haemagglutination Inhibition test --; title: Reagents --; title: Complement fixation test --; title: Fluorescent antibody tests --; title: Enztyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) --; title: The Direct ELISA --; title: The indirect ELISA -- -- 6.4.; title: Quality control and interpretation of results -- -- 6.5.; title: Epidemiology and sampling plans -- -- 7.; title: Clinical Chemistry -- -- 7.1.; title: Introduction -- -- 7.2.; title: Blood sample collection and handling --; title: Sample collection --; title: Serum vs plasma --; title: Transport and processing --; title: Storage and preservation -- -- 7.3.; title: General health assessment --; title: Simple dip-stick tests --; title: Photometer methods -- -- 7.4.; title: Colorimetry explained --; title: The scientific principles --; title: Colour and light absorption --; title: Practical considerations --; title: Quality control -- -- 7.5.; title: Interpretation of clinical chemistry results -- -- 7.6.; title: General principles for basic biochemical tests --; title: Principles of chemical reactions --; title: Oxidation and reduction --; title: Electrolytes and electrolysis --; title: Acids and bases --; title: Buffers --; title: Indicators --; title: Techniques for preparing solutions --; title: Practical points to consider for accurate preparation of solutions --; title: Expressing the concentration of solutions --; title: Preparation of molar (mol/l) solutions and dilutions --; title: Preparing dilutions --; title: Saturated solutions --; title: Diluting techniques --; title: Examples of simple qualitative tests for district laboratories -- -- 1.; title: Iodine flocculation test for liver function -- -- 2.; title: Rapid Spot test for blood ketones -- -- 3.; title: Estimation of serum bilirubin -- -- 4.; title: Serum total protein by the Biuret method -- -- 5.; title: Haemoglobin determination -- -- 7.7.; title: Metabolic diseases and endocrine disorders -- -- 7.8.; title: Mineral and trace element assays -- -- 7.9.; title: Urinalysis --; title: Biochemical analysis of urine --; title: Microscopic examination of urine sediment --; title: Method --; title: Interpretation --; title: Looking at a centrifuged deposit --; title: Examining a centrifuged deposit --; title: Interpretation of results --; title: Biochemical tests --; title: Casts and cells -- -- 7.10.; title: Toxicology -- -- 8.; title: PATHOLOGY/CYTOLOGY -- -- 8.1.; title: Introduction -- -- 8.2.; title: General approach for necropsy cases --; title: Taking a case history and clinical examination --; title: Basic post-mortem equipment for field work --; title: Sample collection (equipment required) --; title: Brief guidelines for sample collection --; title: Procedure for post-mortem examinations --; title: Performing the necropsy --; title: Examination of specific body systems --; title: Gastrointestinal system --; title: Cardiovascular system --; title: Respiratory system --; title: Urogenital system --; title: Lymphoreticular system --; title: Neurological system --; title: Musculoskeletal system --; title: Endocrine system -- -- 8.3.; title: Histopathology --; title: Tissues from post-mortem cases --; title: Tissues from biopsy samples -- -- 8.4.; title: Cytology -- -- 8.5.; title: Examination of samples and interpretation of results --; title: Interpretation -- -- 9.; title: SPECIAL TOPICS -- -- 9.1.; title: Introduction to epidemiology -- -- 9.2.; title: Disease surveillance systems; resources and reporting requirements --; title: Background --; title: The role of veterinary para-professionals in disease surveillance -- -- 9.3.; title: Common clinical problems --; title: Infertility and abortion --; title: Infertility in the female --; title: Abortion --; title: History --; title: Clinical examination of dam and sire (if natural service) --; title: Examination of the placenta and foetus --; title: Laboratory samples --; title: Diarrhoea --; title: Take a full history --; title: Perform a thorough clinical examination --; title: Collect laboratory samples --; title: Haematuria and haemoglobinuria (red urine) --; title: Clinical history --; title: Clinical examination --; title: Laboratory samples --; title: Hair loss and itchy skin --; title: Ill thrift and chronic weight loss --; title: Neurologi signs -- -- 9.4.; title: Wildlife hea monitoring and disease surveillance --; title: Wildlife health and Disease -- A Canadian Perspective --; title: Thinking side the Box --; title: A Can Example: Caribou Health Monitoring -- -- 9.5.; title: Arthropod rs and Arthropod Borne Diseases --; title: Monitori disease vectors --; title: Arthro monitoring --; title: Mosqi and other biting flies --; title: Ticks --; title: Molecular agnostics --; title: Ticks --; title: Special lerations in the diagnostics of arthropod borne viruses-Virolog --; title: Cell cult --; title: Molecular gnostics -- -- 10.; title: APPENDICE -- -- 10.1a.; title: Zoonotic di s (summary) -- -- 10.1b.; title: Zoonotic di in brief --; title: Disease: rax --; title: Disease: Brucellosis --; title: Disease: Leptospirosis --; title: Disease: Tuberculosis --; title: Disease: Meliodosis --; title: Disease: Salmonellosis --; title: Disease: Plague --; title: Disease: Typhus --; title: Disease: Rabies --; title: Disease: Japanese B encephalitis --; title: Disease: Ringworm --; title: Disease: Leishmaniasis --; title: Disease: Toxoplasmosis --; title: Disease: Trichinosis --; title: Disease: Visceral larva migrans --; title: Disease: Cutaneous larva migrans --; title: Disease: Hydatids --; title: Disease: Tapeworm --; title: Disease: Schistosomiasis -- -- 10.2.; title: Post mortem and sample submission forms -- -- 10.3.; title: Some micro-organisms commonly isolated from animals -- -- 10.4.; title: Examples of laboratory equipment and reagent suppliers.