Putting the corporation in its place
By: Timothy Guinnane ... [et al.]
Contributors: Guinnane, Timothy.; National Bureau of Economic Research.
Series: NBER working paper series -- no. 13109.; Working paper series (National Bureau of Economic Research) -- working paper no. 13109.
Publisher: National Bureau of Economic Research
Published: 2007
Place of publication: Cambridge, Mass
Language: eng
Number of pages: 61
Subjects: Corporations, American -- Law and legislation; Corporations, European -- Law and legislation
Description: This article challenges the idea that the corporation is a globally superior form of business organization and that the Anglo-American common-law is more conducive to economic development than the code-based legal systems characteristic of continental Europe. Although the corporation had important advantages over the main alternative form of organization (partnerships), it also had disadvantages that limited its appeal to small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). As a result, when businesses were provided with an intermediate choice, the private limited liability company (PLLC) that combined the advantages of legal personhood and joint stock with a flexible internal organizational structure, most chose not to organize as corporations. This article tracks the changes that occurred in the menu of business organizational forms in two common-law countries (the UK and the US) and two countries governed by legal codes (France and Germany) and presents data showing the rapidity with which firms in each country responded to enabling legislation for PLLCs. We show that the PLLC was introduced first and most easily in a code country (Germany) and last and with the most difficulty in a common-law country (the US). Late introduction was associated with prolonged use of the partnership form, suggesting that the disadvantages of corporations did indeed weigh heavily on SMEs.
Notes: "May 2007"

Includes bibliographical references (p. 46-55).

Also available in PDF from the NBER world wide web site (www.nber.org).