Strong Interactions in Low Dimensions (Physics and Chemistry of Materials with Low-Dimensional Structures)
Contributors: D. Baeriswyl (Editor); L. Degiorgi (Editor)
Edition: 1 edition
Publisher: Springer
Published: April 19, 2005
Language: eng
Format: Hardcover
Number of pages: 441
ISBN-13: 9781402017988
Subjects: Low temperature physics; Optics (light); Superconductors & Superconductivity; Science/Mathematics; Nuclear Physics; Science; Strong interactions (Nuclear physics); Strong interactions (Nuclear p; Solid State Physics; Technology / Material Science; Hubbard model; Chemistry - General; Physics; Solid-state physics
First sentence: The physical properties of low-dimensional systems have fascinated researchers for a great part of the last century, and have recently become one of the primary centers of interest in condensed matter research.
Description: This book provides an attempt to convey the colorful facets of condensed matter systems with reduced dimensionality. Some of the specific features predicted for interacting one-dimensional electron systems, such as charge- and spin-density waves, have been observed in many quasi-one-dimensional materials. The two-dimensional world is even richer: besides d-wave superconductivity and the Quantum Hall Effect - perhaps the most spectacular phases explored during the last two decades - many collective charge and spin states have captured the interest of researchers, such as charge stripes or spontaneously generated circulating currents. Recent years have witnessed important progress in material preparation, measurement techniques and theoretical methods. Today larger and better samples, higher flux for neutron beams, advanced light sources, better resolution in electron spectroscopy, new computational algorithms, and the development of field-theoretical approaches allow an in-depth analysis of the complex many-body behaviour of low-dimensional materials. The epoch when simple mean-field arguments were sufficient for describing the gross features observed experimentally is definitely over. The Editors' aim is to thoroughly explain a number of selected topics: the application of dynamical probes, such as neutron scattering, optical absorption and photoemission, as well as transport studies, both electrical and thermal. Some of the more theoretical chapters are directly relevant for experiments, such as optical spectroscopy, transport in one-dimensional models, and the phenomenology of charge inhomogeneities in layered materials, while others discuss more general topics and methods, for example the concept of a Luttinger liquid and bosonization, or duality transformations, both promising tools for treating strongly interacting many-body systems.