A Kingdom of Priests
Subtitle: Ancestry and Merit in Ancient Judaism (Jewish Culture and Contexts)
Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press
Published: September 2006
Language: eng
Format: Hardcover
Number of pages: 296
ISBN-13: 9780812239508
Subjects: History of religion; Religion; History - General History; General; Religion / Judaism / History; Ancient - General; Judaism - History; History; Holiness; Judaism; Post-exilic period, 586 B.C.-210 A.D; Priests, Jewish
First sentence: This book takes its title from God's promise to the children of Israel as they stand before Mt. Sinai: "If you will obey my voice and keep my covenant, you shall be my own possession among all people...you shall be to me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation" (Exod 19:5-6).
Description: "According to the account in the Book of Exodus, God addresses the children of Israel as they stand before Mt. Sinai with the words, "You shall be to me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation" (19:6). The sentence, Martha Himmelfarb observes, is paradoxical, for priests are by definition a minority, yet the meaning in context is clear: the entire people is holy. The words also to point to some significant tensions in the biblical understanding of the people of Israel. If the entire people is holy, why does it need priests? If membership in both people and priesthood is a matter not of merit but of birth, how can either the people or its priests hope to be holy? How can one reconcile the distance between the honor due the priest and the actual behavior of some who filled the role? What can the people do to make itself truly a kingdom of priests?"

"Himmelfarb argues that these questions become central in Second Temple Judaism. She considers a range of texts from this period, including the Book of Watchers, the Book of Jubilees, legal documents from the Dead Sea Scrolls, the writings of Philo of Alexandria, and the Book of Revelation of the New Testament, and goes on to explore rabbinic Judaism's emphasis on descent as the primary criterion for inclusion among the chosen people of Israel - a position, she contends, that took on new force in reaction to early Christian disparagement of the idea that mere descent from Abraham was sufficient for salvation."--BOOK JACKET.