Giffen behavior
Subtitle: theory and evidence
By: Robert T. Jensen, Nolan H. Miller.
Contributors: Miller, Nolan.; National Bureau of Economic Research.
Series: NBER working paper series -- working paper 13243.; Working paper series (National Bureau of Economic Research) -- working paper no. 13243.
Publisher: National Bureau of Economic Research
Published: 2007
Place of publication: Cambridge, MA
Language: eng
Number of pages: 46
Subjects: Consumption (Economics) -- Mathematical models -- China; Consumer behavior -- China; Food supply -- China; Food consumption -- China; Poor -- Nutrition -- China; Microeconomics
Description: This paper provides the first rigorous, empirical evidence of the existence of Giffen behavior, i.e., a situation in which consumers respond to an increase in the price of a good by demanding more of it. We begin by examining several theoretical approaches to the Giffen phenomenon and show that in each case Giffen behavior is closely associated with poor consumers' need to maintain subsistence consumption in the face of an increase in the price of a staple commodity. We then present evidence on the existence of Giffen behavior among extremely poor households in two provinces of China. In order to obtain an unbiased estimate of the key price elasticity, we conducted a field experiment in which we randomly subsidized households' primary dietary staple (rice in Hunan province and wheat flour in Gansu province). Using consumption data gathered before, during and after the intervention, we find strong evidence of Giffen behavior with respect to rice in Hunan province. We also find evidence for Giffen behavior in Gansu with respect to wheat; however, the evidence is less robust than for Hunan, due to the (unanticipated) failure of at least two of the theoretical conditions that appear necessary for Giffen behavior. Restricting the Gansu sample to households that meet these conditions provides stronger evidence of Giffen behavior.
Notes: "July 2007."

Includes bibliographical references (p. 36).

Also available in PDF from the NBER World Wide Web site (www.nber.org).