Atmospheric Pollution
Publisher: Bookboon.com
Published: 2013
ISBN-13: 9788776814168
Table of contents: title: Content; title: 1. Introduction: The gas laws; title: 1.1. Introduction; title: 1.2. The Ideal Gas Equation; title: 1.3. The mole concept; title: 1.4. Sample calculations; title: 1.5. The parts per million (p.p.m.) concept; title: 1.6. Nitrogen accompanying oxygen in combustion processes; title: 1.7. Concluding comments; title: 2. Sulphur pollutants; title: 2.1. Origin of sulphur pollutants; title: 2.2. Sulphur in fuels; title: 2.3. Form of sulphur in fuels and the fate of the sulphur on combustion; title: 2.4. Desulphurisation of fuels; title: 2.5. Sulphur credits; title: 2.6. Methods of sulphur dioxide detection; title: 2.7. Sulphur pollution levels in various countries; title: 2.8. Sulphur dioxide emissions from shipping; title: 2.9. Acid rain; title: 2.10. Acid rain in the age of greenhouse gas reductions; title: 2.11. Concluding remarks; title: 2.12. References; title: 3. Oxides of nitrogen; title: 3.1. Introduction; title: 3.2. Denitrogenation of fuels; title: 3.3. NOx mitigation during burning: the ‘low NOx burner’; title: 3.4. Removal of NOx from flue gas by selective catalytic reduction; title: 3.5. NOx from vehicles; title: 3.6. NOx from shipping; title: 3.7. NOx credits; title: 3.8. Means of measuring NOx; title: 3.9. Concluding numerical exercise; title: 3.10. References; title: 4. Particulate; title: 4.1. General introduction; title: 4.2. PM10; title: 4.3. PM2.5; title: 4.4. Smaller particles than PM2.5; title: 4.5. Concluding comments; title: 4.6. References; title: 5. Volatile organic compounds (VOC) and ozone; title: 5.1. Introduction; title: 5.2. VOC from vehicles; title: 5.3. VOC from refineries; title: 5.4. Other sources of VOC; title: 5.5. Measurement of VOC; title: 5.6. VOC and ozone formation; title: 5.7. Ozone; title: 6. Carbon monoxide; title: 6.1. Introduction; title: 6.2. Contribution from motor vehicles; title: 6.3. Miscellaneous sources of carbon monoxide [1]; title: 6.4. Detection and measurement of carbon monoxide; title: 6.5. Harmful effects of carbon monoxide; title: 6.6. Concluding remarks: trends in carbon monoxide levels in air; title: 6.7. References; title: 6.8. Appendix to Chapter 6; title: 7. Metals in the atmosphere; title: 7.1. Lead; title: 7.2. Mercury; title: 7.3. Cadmium; title: 7.4. Nickel; title: 7.5. Arsenic; title: 7.6. Analysis of air for metallic elements; title: 7.7. References; title: 8. Chlorinated pollutants; title: 8.1. Hydrogen chloride; title: 8.2. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs); title: 8.3. Elemental chlorine; title: 8.4. Dioxins; title: 8.5. References; title: 9. Greenhouse gases Part I: Background; title: 9.1. Introduction to the greenhouse gas chapters; title: 9.2. Gas radiation; title: 9.3. Why ‘greenhouse’?; title: 9.4. A simplified model for the emissivity of the troposphere; title: 9.5. Levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere; title: 9.6. The distinction between fossil fuel and non-fossil fuel carbon dioxide; title: 9.7. Carbon dioxide emissions from natural gas and petroleum fuels; title: 9.8. Methane as a greenhouse gas; title: 9.9. Sources of carbon dioxide other than fossil fuel combustion; title: 9.10. References; title: 10. Greenhouse gases Part II: Mitigation measures, emission targets and carbon trading; title: 10.1. Introduction; title: 10.2. Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from power generation; title: 10.3. Carbon credits; title: 10.4. Carbon dioxide from vehicles; title: 10.5. Carbon dioxide from aircraft; title: 10.6. Carbon dioxide from shipping; title: 10.7. Miscellaneous sources of carbon dioxide; title: 10.8. Uptake of carbon dioxide by vegetation; title: 10.9. Carbon dioxide sequestration; title: 10.10. Concluding remarks; title: 10.11. References; title: 11. Radioactivity in the atmosphere; title: 11.1. Radon; title: 11.2. Uranium; title: 11.3. Thorium; title: 11.4. Polonium; title: 11.5. Cosmic rays; title: 11.6. Carbon-14; title: 11.7. Iodine; title: 11.8. Caesium; title: 11.9. Some nuclear incidents; title: 11.10. References; title: 12. Postscript; title: 13. Notes