Distributive justice
Subtitle: the right and wrong of our present distribution of wealth
Publisher: Macmillan Co.
Published: 1922
Place of publication: New York, USA
Table of contents: title: CONTENTS; title: Preface vii; title: Introductory Chapter: The Elements and Scope of the; title: Problem xiii; title: General References xvii; title: SECTION I; title: THE MORALITY OF PRIVATE LANDOWNERSHIP AND RENT; title: CHAPTER; title: I The Landowner's Share of the National Product 3; title: Economic Rent Always Goes to the Landowner 4; title: Economic Rent and Commercial Rent 5; title: The Cause of Economic Rent 6; title: II Landownership in History 8; title: No Private Ownership in Pre-Agricultural Conditions 10; title: How the Change Probably Took Place 12; title: Limited Character of Primitive Common Ownership 14; title: Private Ownership General in Historical Times 15; title: Conclusions from History 17; title: III The Arguments Against Private Landownership 19; title: Arguments by Socialists 19; title: Henry George's Attack on the Title of First Occupancy 21; title: His Defence of the Title of Labour 24; title: The Right of all Men to the Bounty of the Earth 30; title: The Alleged Right of the Community to Land Values 39; title: IV Private Ownership the Best System of Land Tenure 48; title: The Socialist Proposals Impracticable 48; title: Inferiority of the Single Tax System 51; title: V Private Landownership a Natural Right 56; title: Three Principal Kinds of Natural Rights 57; title: Private Landownership Indirectly Necessary for Individual Welfare 59; title: Excessive Interpretations of the Right of Private Landownership 61; title: The Doctrine of the Fathers and the Theologians 62; title: The Teaching of Pope Leo XIII 64; title: VI Limitations of the Landowner's Right to Rent 67; title: The Tenant's Right to a Decent Livelihood 69; title: The Labourer's Claim Upon the Rent 71; title: VII Defects of the Existing Land System 74; title: Landownership and Monopoly 75; title: Excessive Gains from Private Landownership 80; title: Exclusion from the Land 90; title: VIII Methods of Reforming Our Land System 94; title: The Leasing System 95; title: Public Agricultural Lands 97; title: Public Ownership of Urban Land 98; title: Appropriating Future Increases of Land Value 100; title: Some Objections to the Increment Tax 102; title: The Morality of the Proposal 108; title: The German and British Increment Taxes 114; title: Transferring Other Taxes to Land 117; title: The Morality of the Plan 120; title: Amount of Taxes Practically Transferable 122; title: The Social Benefits of the Plan 127; title: A Supertax on Large Holdings 130; title: References on Section I 133; title: SECTION II; title: THE MORALITY OF PRIVATE CAPITAL AND INTEREST; title: IX The Nature and the Rate of Interest 137; title: Meaning of Capital and Capitalist 137; title: Meaning of Interest 138; title: The Rate of Interest 141; title: X The Alleged Right of Labour to the Entire Product of Industry 145; title: The Labour Theory of Value 146; title: The Right of Productivity 149; title: XI The Socialist Scheme of Industry 152; title: Socialist Inconsistency 152; title: Expropriating the Capitalists 154; title: Inefficient Industrial Leadership 158; title: Inefficient Labour 162; title: Attempted Replies to Objections 162; title: Restricting Individual Liberty 168; title: XII Alleged Intrinsic Justifications of Interest 171; title: Attitude of the Church Toward Interest on Loans 172; title: Interest on Productive Capital 175; title: The Claims of Productivity 177; title: The Claims of Service 181; title: The Claims of Abstinence 182; title: XIII Social and Presumptive Justifications of Interest 187; title: Limitations of the Sacrifice Principle 187; title: The Value of Capital in a No-Interest Regime 188; title: Whether the Present Rate of Interest is Necessary 191; title: Whether at Least two Per Cent, is Necessary 193; title: Whether any Interest is Necessary 196; title: The State is Justified in Permitting Interest 199; title: Civil Authorisation not Sufficient for Individual Justification 201; title: How the Interest-Taker is Justified 204; title: XIV Co-operation a Partial Solvent of Capitalism 210; title: Reducing the Rate of Interest 211; title: Need for a Wider Distribution of Capital 213; title: The Essence of Co-operative Enterprise 214; title: Co-operative Credit Societies 216; title: Co-operative Agricultural Societies 217; title: Co-operative Mercantile Societies 220; title: Co-operation in Production 222; title: Advantages and Prospects of Co-operation 228; title: References on Section II 233; title: SECTION III; title: THE MORAL ASPECT OF PROFITS; title: CHAPTER PAGE; title: XV The Nature op Profits 237; title: The Functions and Rewards of the Business Man 237; title: The Amount of Profits 239; title: Profits in a Joint-Stock Company 241; title: XVI The Principal Canons of Distributive Justice 243; title: The Canon of Equality 243; title: The Canon of Needs 244; title: The Canon of Efforts and Sacrifice 246; title: The Canon of Productivity 247; title: The Canon of Scarcity 250; title: The Canon of Human Welfare 2*52; title: XVII Just Profits in Conditions of Competition 254; title: The Question of Indefinitely Large Profits 255; title: The Question of Minimum Profits 258; title: The Question of Superfluous Business Men 260; title: XVIII The Moral Aspect of Monopoly 262; title: Surplus and Excessive Profits 263; title: The Question of Monopolistic Efficiency 265; title: Discriminative Underselling 267; title: Exclusive-Sales Contracts 270; title: Discriminative Transportation Arrangements 272; title: Natural Monopolies 273; title: Methods of Preventing Monopolistic Injustice 275; title: Legalised Price Agreements 277; title: XIX The Moral Aspects of Stockwatering 279; title: Injurious Effects of Stockwatering 281; title: The Moral Wrong 284; title: The "Innocent" Investor 286; title: Magnitude of Overcapitalisation 288; title: XX The Legal Limitation of Fortunes 291; title: The Method of Direct Limitation 292; title: Limitation Through Progressive Taxation 296; title: The Proper Rate of Income and Inheritance Taxes 299; title: Effectiveness of Such Taxation 300; title: XXI The Duty of Distributing Superfluous Wealth 303; title: The Question of Distributing Some 303; title: The Question of Distributing All 308; title: Some Objections 311; title: A False Conception of Welfare and Superfluous Goods 314; title: The True Conception of Welfare 316; title: References on Section III 318; title: SECTION IV; title: THE MORAL ASPECTS OF WAGES; title: XXII Some Unacceptable Theories of Wage-Justice 323; title: I The Prevailing-Rate Theory 323; title: Not in Harmony with Justice 325; title: II Exchange-Equivalence Theories 326; title: The Rule of Equal Gains 326; title: The Rule of Free Contract 328; title: The Rule of Market Value 330; title: The Mediaeval Theory 332; title: A Modern Variation of the Mediaeval Theory 337; title: III Productivity Theories 340; title: Labour's Right to the Whole Product 341; title: Clark's Theory of Specific Productivity 347; title: Carver's Modified Version of Productivity 351; title: XXIII The Minimum of Justice; A Living Wage 356; title: The Principle of Needs 356; title: Three Fundamental Principles 358; title: The Right to a Decent Livelihood 360; title: The Claim to a Decent Livelihood from a Present Occupation 362; title: The Labourer's Right to a Living Wage 363; title: When the Employer is Unable to Pay a Living Wage 366; title: An Objection and Some Difficulties 370; title: The Family Living Wage 373; title: Other Arguments in Favour of a Living Wage 376; title: The Money Measure of a Living Wage 378; title: XXIV The Problem of Complete Wage Justice 381; title: Comparative Claims of Different Labour Groups 381; title: Wages Versus Profits 388; title: Wages Versus Interest 390; title: Wages Versus Prices 393; title: Concluding Remarks 398; title: XXV Methods of Increasing Wages 400; title: The Minimum Wage in Operation 400; title: The Question of Constitutionality 405; title: The Ethical and Political Aspects 407; title: The Economic Aspect 408; title: Opinions of Economists 412; title: Other Legislative Proposals 416; title: Labour Unions 417; title: Organisation Versus Legislation - 420; title: Participation in Capital Ownership 423; title: References on Section IV 425; title: XXVI Summary and Conclusion 426; title: The Landowner and Rent 426; title: The Capitalist and Interest 427; title: The Business Man and Profits 428; title: The Labourer and Wages 430; title: Concluding Observations 431; title: Index 453