Psychology
Subtitle: Empirical And Rational
Edition: 4th ed., re-written and enlarged.
Series: Stonyhurst philosophical series
Publisher: Longmans, Green
Published: 1900
Place of publication: London
Language: eng
Number of pages: 602
Subjects: Psychology.
Table of contents: title: TABLE OF CONTENTS.; title: Illustrations; title: INTRODUCTION.; title: CHAPTER I.; title: Definition and Scope of Psychology . . . Pp. i — 10; title: Definitions of Psychology, Subjective and Objective, i, seq. —Scope, 2— Empirical and Rational Psychology, 5— Psychology distinguished from Cosmology, 6 — From Logic, 7 — From Ethics, 8 — Relations with Physiology, 9.; title: CHAPTER II.; title: Method of Psychology Pp. 11 — 25; title: Psychology a Science, 11— Introspective Method, 11 — Objective or Supplementary Methods, 13— These Methods not new, 18 —Rational Psychology deductive, 18— Attacks on Psychology, 19 — Objections to Introspection answered, 20— Real difficulties, 24.; title: CHAPTER III.; title: Classification of Mental Faculties . . . Pp. 26—41 Consciousness, 26 — Subconscious mental activities, 27 — Mental Faculties classified, 28 — Subdivision, 32 — Various classifications : Aristotle's, 33— St. Thomas', 33— Scotch school, 34 — Hamilton's, 34 Herbert Spencer's, 35— Attacks on Mental Faculties, 36— Mutual relations of the Faculties, 39 — Feeling, 40.; title: BOOK I.; title: Empirical or Phenomenal Psychology.; title: Part I. — Sensuous Life.; title: CHAPTER IV.; title: Sensation Pp. 42 — 62; title: Sensation, Sense and Sense-organ defined, 42 — Excitation of Sensation, 43 — The Nervous System, 44 — Properties of Sensation, Quality, Intensity, Duration, 46 — Composite stimuli, 47 — Cognitive Character of Sensation, 48 — Sensation and Perception, 49 — Scholastic doctrine of species, 51 — Experimental Psychology ; Psycho-physics, 54 — Interpretations of the Weber-Fechner Law, 58 — Psychometry : Reaction-time, 59.; title: CHAPTER V.; title: The Senses . . pp. 63 - 96; title: How many External Senses, 63— Taste, 65— Smell, 66— Touch, 68 — Organic Sensations, Common-sensibility, Coenassthesis, or the Vital Sense, 69— Sense of Temperature, 70— Contact or Passive Touch, 71 — Cognitional value of Touch, 72 — Active Touch, Muscular Sensations, 74— Hearing, 79— Sight, 83— The Senses compared, 88 — The "Law of Relativity," 90 — Scholastic doctrine of the Internal senses, 92 — Internal sense, 95 — Common sense, 96.; title: CHAPTER VI.; title: Perception of the Material World : Critical Sketch of the leading theories of External Perception .... Pp. 98 — 124; title: Psychology and Philosophy of Perception, 98— Sceptical Theories, 99 — Philosophical proof of Realism, 100 — Psychology of Perception, 101 — Ambiguity of Terms, 104 — Ego and Mind, 104 — Two Questions, 105 — Historical sketch : Descartes, Locke, Berkeley, 108 — Hume, Mill, and Bain, no — Kant, 117 — Herbert Spencer, 122.; title: CHAPTER VII.; title: Development of Sense-Perception. Education of the Senses Pp. 125 — 162; title: Growth of Knowledge, 125 — Complexity of perceptional process, 126 — Development of Tactual Perception, 127 — Tactual cognition of the Organism, 130 — Of other Objects, 132 — Cognition of other Minds, 133— Secondary acquisitions, 134 — Visual Perception, 135 — Immediate Perception of Surface Extension, 137 — Mediate Perception of Distance and Magnitude, 139 — Binocular Vision, 142 — Erect Vision, 144 — Auditory Perception, 145 — Gustatory and Olfactory Perception, 146 — Objections solved, 147 — Co-operation of Faculties, 147 — Intelligent Cognition not mere Instinctive Belief, 149 — Mental and Cerebral Development, 150 — Primary and Secondary Qualities of Matter, 152 — Views of Aristotle, St. Thomas, 153 — Descartes, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, 154 — Hamilton, Spencer, 155 — The Relativity of Knowledge, 157.; title: CHAPTER VIII.; title: Imagination Pp. 163 — 178; title: Imagination compared with Perception, 163 — Productive and Reproductive, 165 — /Esthetic, 166 — Scientific, 167 — Dangers of, 170 — Fancy, Wit, Humour, 170 — Illusions, 171 — Dreaming, 176.; title: CHAPTER IX.; title: Memory. Mental Association .... Pp. 179 — 207; title: Memory defined, 179 — Reproduction and Recollection, 180 — Laws of Association, 181 —Reduction of those laws, 184— Physio- logical hypothesis, 188— Co-operative and Conflicting Associations, 188 — Secondary Laws, 190 — Retention, 191 — Ultra-spiritualist theory, 192 — Purely physical theory, 194 — Recognition, 195 — Reminiscence, 196 — Intellectual and sensuous memory, 197 — Scholastic controversy, 198 — Qualities of good memory, 199 — Training of Memory, 200 — Historical sketch of the doctrine of mental association : Aristotle, St. Thomas, 201 — Locke, Hobbes, Hume, Hartley, -203 — James Mill, 204— J. S. Mill, Bain, Sully, 205 — Obliviscence, 206.; title: CHAPTER X.; title: Sensuous Appetite and Movement .... 208 — 220; title: Sensuous Appetency, 208 — Scholastic doctrine of Appetency, 208 — Movement, 210 — Voluntary movement analyzed, 210 — Automatic, Reflex, Impulsive, 211 — Origin of voluntary movement: Theory of random action, 212 — Theory of instinctive action, 213 — Growth of control of movement : Probable theory, 214 — Movements classified: Secondary-automatic and Ideo-motor action, 218.; title: CHAPTER XI.; title: Feelings of Pleasure and Pain .... Pp. 221 — 228; title: Feeling and other terms denned, 221 — Aristotle's Theory of Feeling, 222 — Laws of Pleasure and Pain, 225 —Feeling not a third Faculty, 226 — Theories of Pleasure and Pain, 226.; title: BOOK I. (continued.); title: Part II. — Rational Life.; title: CHAPTER XII.; title: Intellect and Sense Pp. 229 — 251; title: Erroneous views, 229 — Sensationalism, Materialism, Phenomenism, Positivism, Associationism, Evolutionism, 230 — Intellect essentially different from Sense, 230 — Proved by Attention, 232 — Comparison and Judgment, 233 — Necessary Judgments, 234 — Universal and Abstract Concepts, 235— Reflection and Self-consciousness, 238— Intellect a spiritual faculty, 239— Intellect mediately dependent on the Brain, 241 — Balmez on Sensationism, 242 — Lotze, 245 — Controversy concerning Universals : Extreme Realism, 247— Nominalism, Conceptualism, 248— Moderate Realism, 249.; title: CHAPTER XIII.; title: Conception. Origin of Intellectual Ideas. Erroneous Theories. .... Pp. 252 291; title: Origin of Ideas, 252— Theory of Innate Ideas, 253— Empiricism, 254— Historical sketch of Theories of General Knowledge : Plato, 255— Descartes, 256— Geulincx, Malebranche, 258— Spinoza, 260— Leibnitz, 262— Rosmini, 264 — Kant, 265-— J. G. Fichte, 270— Locke, 270— Bain, 272— Sully, 275— Comte, 279— Origin of Necessary Truths: Associationism, 281— Evolutionist Theory, 286Intuitionalist Doctrine, 289.; title: CHAPTER XIV.; title: Conception. Origin of Intellectual Ideas (continued) Pp. 292 — 313; title: Thought an Activity, 292 — Thought Universal, 293 — Conception : Two questions, 293 — -Elaboration of Universal Concepts, 294 — Intellectual Apprehension, 297 — Comparative Abstraction, 297 — Comparison and Discrimination, 298 — Generalization, 299 — Thought and Language, 302 — Second Question : Origin of Ideas, 302 — Aristotelico-scholastic Theory of Abstraction, 305 — Doctrine of St. Thomas, 312.; title: CHAPTER XV.; title: Judgment and Reasoning Pp. 314—344; title: Judgment denned, 314 — Analysis of judicial process, 315 — Assent and Consent, 318 — Reasoning denned, 320 — Analysis of Ratiocination, 320 — Deduction and Induction, 321 — Implicit reasoning, 322 — The Logic of real life: Newman's Grammar of Assent, 324 — Thought viewed differently by Psychology and Logic, 325 — Belief: Historical sketch, 326 — Three questions: (A) Nature of Belief, 328 — Belief and Knowledge, 329 — (B) Causes of Belief, 331 — (C) Effects, 334 — Conscience, 334 — Scholastic view, 335 — Other Theories : Moral Sense, 336 — Associationist theory, 337 — Origin and Authority of moral judgments, 339 — Evolutionist hypothesis, 340 — Intuitionalism, 342 — Kant, 342 — Conscience a Spring of Action, 342 — Butler's doctrine, 343.; title: CHAPTER XVI.; title: Attention and Apperception .... Pp. 345 — 360; title: Attention and Sensation, 345 — Attention and Volition, 346 — Attention interrogative, 346 — Voluntary and non-Voluntary Attention, 347 — Laws of Attention, 34S — Effects, 349 — Attention and Genius, 351 — Physiological conditions, 352 — Pleasure and Pain, 353 Education, 354 — Unconscious modifications of the Mind, 355 — Apperception, 357 — Historical sketch, 358 — Nature of Apperception, — Apperception and Education, 360.; title: CHAPTER XVII.; title: Development of intellectual cognition : Self and other important ideas . . . pp. 361 — 377; title: Reflexion : Grades of Consciousness, 361 — Growth of the Knowledge of Self, 362 — The developed Mind's consciousness of itself, 363 — Abstract Concept of Self, 365 — Unity, Continuity, Discontinuity of Consciousness, 366 — Genesis of other Ideas, 367 — Substance, Accident, Cause, 368— The Infinite, 370— Space, 371— Cognition of Time, 372— Development of this Idea, 373— Subjective and Objective Time, 374 — Relativity of our appreciation of Time, 375__Localization in Time, 375 — Expectation, 376.; title: CHAPTER XVIII.; title: Rational Appetency Pp. 378 — 393; title: Rational Appetency : Desire defined and analyzed, 378 — Is Pleasure the only object of Desire, 379 — Motive, 380 — Spontaneous action and Deliberation, 381 — Choice or Decision, 382 — Volition, Desire, and various forms of conative activity, 384 — Self-control, 385— Order of development, 388— Habit: Practical rules, 388; Moral discipline; 390 — Character, 392 — Temperaments, 393.; title: CHAPTER XIX.; title: Free-Will and Determinism .... Pp. 394 — 424; title: Free- Will : Philosophy and Psychology, 394 — Free-will defined : Scholastic terminology, 395 — Problem stated, 396 — Fatalism and Determinism, 397 — Argument from Ethical Notions: Obligation, 398 — Merit and Desert, 401 — Responsibility, 402 — Justice, 404 — Free-will and Ethics, 405 — Argument from Consciousness : Atten- tion, 406 — Deliberation, 40S — Decision or Choice, 409 — Adhesion to resolution, 411 — Metaphysical argument, 413 — Objections: Psychological, 415 — Metaphysical, 419 — From Science, 420 — Theological, 423.; title: CHAPTER XX.; title: The Emotions. Emotional and Rational; title: Language Pp. 425 — 458; title: Feeling and Emotions, 425 — Scholastic view, 426 — Chief forms of Emotion, 427 — Self-regarding, 427 — Altruistic, 430 — Attached to intellectual activity, 432— ^Esthetic, 435— The Moral Sentiments, 440 — No distinct Faculty of feeling, 442 — Genesis of Feelings : James's theory, 443 — Classification of Emotions, 446 — Expression of Emotions, 449 — Evolutionist Theory, 450 — Origin of Language, 454.; title: BOOK II.; title: Rational Psychology.; title: CHAPTER XXI.; title: Substantiality, Identity, Simplicity, and Spiritu- ality of the I-Iuman Soul . . . Pp. 459 473; title: Scope of Rational Psychology, 459— Its importance : Method, 460— Substantiality of the Soul, 461— Validity of Notion of Substance, 462— The Mind is a Substantial Principle, 463— Abiding Identity of the Mind, 464— Simplicity, 466— Spirituality, 469.; title: CHAPTER XXII.; title: False Theories of the Ego .... Pp. 474 492; title: Kant's Theory, 474— Empiricist theory : Plume, 475— Mill, 476 — W. James's theory, 477— James's Attack on the Soul, 481— Double Consciousness and "Alterations of Personality," 487— Criticism 489.; title: CHAPTER XXIII.; title: Monistic Theories Pp. 493 — 524; title: Dualism and Monism, 493 — Spiritualist Monism or Idealism, 494 — Materialism, 495 — Thought is not a secretion of the Brain, 496 — Nor a function, 497 — Nor a resultant of material forces, 497 — Dependence of Mind on Body, 499 — Shadworth Hodgson's "Con- scious Automaton," theory 503 — New-Spinozism, Double-Aspect theory, or Identity-hypothesis, 505 — Mind-stuff: Clifford, 506 — Bain, 507 — Spencer, 508 — Mental States not composite, 510 — Incredible consequences, 513 — Monism: Conservation of Energy: Hoffding's doctrine, 517 — Criticism, 520 — Law of Inertia, 523 — Agnosticism, 524.; title: CHAPTER XXIV.; title: Immortality of the Soul Pp. 525 — 544; title: Immortality and Psychology: Theism, 525 — Teleological Argument, 526 — Ethical Argument, 529— Formal Theistic proof, 533 — Argument from Universal belief, 533 — Scholastic Ontological Argument, 533 — Objections against the doctrine of a Future Life, 537.; title: CHAPTER XXV.; title: Soul and Body Pp. 545 — 561; title: Individuality of the Human Soul, 544 — Unicity of the Soul in man, 545 — Vitalism and Animism, 546 — Organicism : Physico-chemical theories of Life inadequate, 547 — Definitions of Life, 551 — Union of Soul and Body : Ultra-dualistic theories, 553 — Aristotelico-scholastic doctrine, 555 — Soul and Body one Nature and Person, 558 — Aristotle's definition of the Soul, 560.; title: CHAPTER XXVI.; title: Soul and Body {continued). Other Problems . Pp. 562 — 578 Locus of the Soul, 562 — The Soul present throughout the Body, 563 — Phrenology, 564 — Localization of Cerebral Functions, 565 — Methods of research, 566 — D. Ferrier, Flechsig, 567 — Origin of the Soul, 572 — Traducianism and Creation, 574 — Time of its Origin : Scholastic doctrine, 575 — Lotze and Ladd, 576 — Origin of the first Human Soul : Evolution Theory, 578.; title: SUPPLEMENTS.; title: A. — Animal Psychology Pp. 579 — 594; title: Comparative Psychology, 579 — Difficulties of Animal Psychology, 580 — Cartesian Theory : Animals sentient, 582 — Animals irrational, 583 — Instinct, 587 — Origin of Instinct : Evolutionist Theories, 588 — Animal " Souls," 593. B. — Hypnotism Pp. 594 — 601 Hypnotism : Historical sketch, 594 — Induction and Characteristics of hypnotic state, 595 — Theories concerning Hypnotism, 598 — Psychological principles of explanation, 598— Ethics of Hypnotism, 601.